Aapno Dharm

Author(s): Anandshankar Bapubhai Dhruv, Ramnarayan Vishwanath Pathak
Publisher: Lilavati Lalbhai
Catalog link: https://jainqq.org/explore/011636/1

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Da. AnandazaMkara bApubhAI dhruva janma: mAha suda 9, savata 1925.25mI phebruArI, 1869 avasAna: citra vada ha, savata 1998 7mI eprila, 194ra.

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ApaNo dharma lekhaka lekhaka AnandazaMkara bApubhAI dhruva ema. e., elaela. bI, DI. li. saMpAdaka rAmanArAyaNa vizvanAtha pAThaka prakAzaka lIlAvatI lAlabhAI

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mudraka surezacaMdra popaTalAla parIkha DAyamaMDa jyubilI prinTIMga prerA salApasa reDa : amadAvAda prakAzaka lIlAvatI lAlabhAI pAnakArane nAke amadAvAda prata 1200 I. sa. 1942 AvRtti trIjI : vi. saM. 1999 : ha ko dhruva ke pI rAITanA ke ca desa2 sa che. dhruvabhAI AnandazaMkara tathA dhruva zrI. adabhAI AnandazaMkara emane svAdhIna che. kiM. rU. cAra mukhya vikretA gurjara graMtharatna kAryAlaya, gAMdhI raste amadAvAda

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- kailAsa tIrtha pUjya pitAzrInA caraNamAM- jemanA janI rItinA paNa sAcA ane vizALa mananA dhamacAramAM mane veda smRti ane purANa, jJAna bhakti ane karma e tripuTIomAM akhaMDAkAre baMdhAtuM "ApaNu dharmanuM samagra svarUpa prathama anubhavamAM AvyuM. Ae

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trIjI AvRttinI prastAvanA A pustakanI bIjI AvRtti vakhate dhruva sAhebanI icchA, pachIthI lakhelA lekho A granthamAM umeravAnI hatI paNa vyavasAyane lIdhe te teo karI zakyA nahi. te pachI te e prakAranA lekho bIjA paNa sArI saMkhyAnA thayA. teo nivRtta thaI amadAvAda AvyA tyAre paNa temane vyavasAya ocho thayo nahi. ane pachI dhIme dhIme zakti haratI jatI lAMbI mAMdagI AvI, tethI A kArya teo kadI hAthamAM laI zakaze evuM dekhAtuM nahotuM. vidyArthI avasthAmAM mane temanI samIpa rahevAnuM sadbhAgya maLeluM, te samayanA temanA paricayathI huM jANatI hatI ke A sAhityapravRtti te temane ISTatama hatI. tethI meM A pustaka prasiddha karavAnuM mAgI lIdhu ane mArI te bhAgaNa temaNe svIkArI. saMpAdakanuM kAma kone soMpavuM ema pUchatAM temaNe zrI rAmanArAyaNa pAThakanuM nAma sUcavyuM, ane zrI pAThake A kAma, viSayanA rasane lIdhe ane dhruva sAheba taraphanA Adarane lIdhe tarata svIkAryuM, tethI mAruM kAma ghaNuM sukara thaI gayuM. chApavA vagerenuM kAma banatI varAthI calAvyuM chatAM dhruva sAhebanA kalAsavAsa pahelAM e taiyAra thaI na zakyuM ! emanA hAthamAM e pustaka mUkavAnI mArI abhilASA vaNapUrI ja rahI gaI ! jevuM bhAvi ! paNa A pustakanI prasiddhi paNa teo je hetu mATe icchatA hatA, te hetu lakSamAM rAkhI gujarAtI jananA A pustakano lAbha leze te e sAtvana paNa nAnuMsUnuM nathI! tA. 25-11-42. lIlAvatI lAlabhAI

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bIjI AvRttinI prastAvanA A pustaka (bIjI AvRtti) chapAya che tyAMthI huM bahu dara paDe chuM, ane te kAraNathI enAM yupha mahArAthI vaMcAyAM nathI eTaluM ja nahi, paNa pustaka taiyAra thayA pachI e kevuM chapAyuM che eTaluM tuM najare paNa joI zakyo nathI. prathama AvRttimAM ghaNuM mudraNadoSa hatA, ane mane bhaya che ke te kadAca A AvRttimAM paNa kAyama rahyA haze, cA keIka navA paNa umerAyA haze. A AvRttinA utsAhI prakAzakane mArI muzkelI khAtara bhI rahevA kahevuM anucita hatuM ane tethI A AvRtti emanI IcchAnusAra chapAvA devI paDI che. pahelI AvRtti pachI eTale chellAM pAMca varSamAM mAre hAthe lakhAelA dharmane lagatA lekha A AvRttimAM dAkhala karavA IcchA hatI. paNa te paNa anya vyAsaMgane lIdhe banI zakyuM nathI. te mATe vAcakanI kSamA cAhuM chuM. vArANasI vi. saM. 1976, zrAvaNa AnandazaMkara bApubhAI dhruva kRSNajanmASTamI

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pahelI AvRttinI prastAvanA A pustakane huM dhAruM chuM ke lAMbI prastAvanAnI jarUra nathI kAraNa ke * AraMbhane lekha ja e garaja sAraze. mAtra thoDAka khulAsA karavA ThIka lAge che. - (1) A pustakane meM "ApaNe dharma evuM nAma ApyuM che te evA hetuthI ke e dharmamAM jemane "ApaNuM'paNune bhAva che-arthAta, jeonAM buddhi-hadaya e dharmane bahArathI nahi paNa antamAM rahIne nIrakhavA tatpara che-temane ja A pustaka kAMIka upayogI thaze. (2) bIju, A pustaka ApaNuM dharmane prakaraNabaha grantha nathI, tema e dharma upara vyavasthAsara racelI nibandhamAlA paNa nathI. mAtra Aja paryanta meM sudarzana ane vasanta patramAM dharma saMbaMdhI je je lekha lakhyA che tene ja saMgraha karI atre mUke che. e saMgrahanA kramamAM kaIka goThavaNuM che. te vAcakane sahaja samajAya evI che. A bIjI jAtanAM lakhANamAM pUrvokta prakAranA grantha ke nibandha karatAM bezaka ghaNu nyUnatA hoya che-paraMtu e nyUnatAmAM ja eka adhikatA samAelI rahe che, ane te enI svAbhAvikatAH manuSyane vicAre hamezAM prakaraNabaddha ke vyavasthita rUpe ja sUjhatA nathI; svAbhAvika rIte ja, anta mAM ke enI AsapAsa je je zaMkAo UThe che, je je ane cacatA hoya che, enI upara ene enI zakti-valaNa-keLavaNuM-prasaMga vagerene anusarI koI ne koI vicAra Ave che ja. ane te jevA rUpamAM Ave che tevA ja rUpamAM--ekI beThake lakhelA lekhamAM e bahAra paDe che. A saMgrahanA lekha e jAtanA che. emAM kadAca kaI kaI sthaLe paraspara viruddha jevuM jaNAya che tene svAnubhavamAMthI ane anubhavavikAsamAMthI khulAso meLavavAne che. (3) trIju, A saMgrahanA lekhenI upara kahI te goThavaNI sAcavavA jatAM eka asAdhAraNa mArga levo paDe che. pustaka chApavA mAMDaze traNa cAra varSa thaI gayAM ane tethI mULa chApavA dhArelA lekhomAM pAchaLathI lekho UmerAyA, paraMtu te viSayakramane anusaratI rIte mULa pAnAMnI vacamAM (ka) (kha) ItyAdi AMka mUkIne dAkhala karyA che. Ama karavAmAM goThavaNInA dhAraNane kadAca ayogya mAna ApyuM koIne lAgaze. paraMtu mULa je vastu ja prakIrNa tene vaLI cheka saMkIrNa thaI javA devI e aparAdha akSamya lAgavAthI A pagaluM bharyuM che. * A jANavA mATe te te lekha prathama prasiddha thayAne samaya dareka lekhane ane Ape che.

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(4) A lekhamALAmAM naMbara 10 thI 23 sudhImAM vyAkhyAne che- e tarapha mArA vAcakenuM khAsa dhyAna kheMcavAnI huM rajA lau chuM. e vyAkhyAmAM kAMI asAdhAraNa utkRSTatAvALuM pratipAdana che ema mAruM kahevuM nathI; paNa A rIte prAcIna gadya vA padya laI e upara vyAkhyAna racavAnI, ane e rIte prAcIna upadezanA antamAM UtarI enuM UMDuM rahasya vA gaMbhIra dhvani prakatrita karavAnI rIti je pazcimanA "Sermons'nA sAhityamAM che, ane judA prakAre ApaNu harikIrtanamAM che-tene dharmopadeza mATe ApaNuM janasamAjamAM ane dhAmika sAhityamAM vizeSa upayoga karavA jevo che eTaluM sUcavavAnuM mAruM tAtparya che. 5) A lekhamALAmAMne carcAbhAga keTalAkane prathama daSTie nirapAgI lAgaze. paNa vicAra karatAM jaNAze ke emAMnA ghaNAkharAmAM balka badhAmAM ApaNuM dhArmika sudhArAne lagatA muddAnA pra samAelA che, ane e upara kharI samajaNa janasamAjamAM prasAravAnI bahu jarUra cheH udAharaNa tarIke, ghaNA siddhAte vastutaH zaMkarAcAryanA nahi te emane nAme caDhAvavAmAM Ave che. ApaNuM dharmanuM svarUpa etihAsika daSTie vilokavAmAM Ave te emAM dekhAtA ghaNuM virodhane yathArtha parihAra thaI zake ityAdita (6) huM je prAcIna dharmamAM Ucharyo chuM temAM ja mArA ghaNAkharA vAcaka bhAIo paNa UcharyA che, ane huM je keLavaNu-saMskRta ane aMgrejIpAmyo chuM te ja e bhAIe paNa pAmyA che. ane tethI sva. govardhanabhAI sarasvatIcaMdranA 4thA bhAganA upAghAtamAM je vicAranI triveNI (1 prAcIna pUrva, 2 arvAcIna pUrva, pazcima) batAve che te ubhayane samAna che. evI sthitimAM, jema mane ApaNuM dharma upara cintana karatAM aneka vicAre Ave che-gUMcavaNe paDe che, samAdhAne thAya che, mUMjhavaNa rahe che, tema emane paNa thatuM hazeH ane evA "samAnadharmI" vAcake ghaNAM haze ema dhArI A saMgraha sulabharUpe prasiddha karavAnuM meM gya dhAryuM che. AzA rAkhuM chuM ke e emane kAMIke paNa upayogI thaze. amadAvAda, vi. saM. 1972 phAgaNa suda 5 thI AnandazaMkara bApubhAI dhruva vAka banI bhAganA pazcima) 1 arthAtadivyaprabhAta, mAyAvAda, "mAnavottama Atmanivedana, muktinAM sAdhana, eka ajavALI rAtri, "cAdaliya", "devAsura-saMgrAma", cAra guo, khADAnI dhAra", hIMDoLo, premaghaTA, baherI", "vyAdibhAvanA", vAmanAvatAra. saMpAdaka

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upaghAta AcArya AnaMdazaMkaranA dharma ane tattvajJAna uparanA badhA lekhe A saMgraha che. aneka viSayo vizenI temanI sAhityapravRttimAM A viSaya temane sauthI ISTa ane sauthI mahattvane hate. ane have teo kSaradehe. vilaya pAmyA che, ane ApaNe mATe mAtra akSaradehe virAjamAna rahyA che, tyAre A temanI iSTatama pravRttine samasta rUpe abhyAsa karavAne eka prasaMga che. A viSayamAM temanI samagra pravRttinuM yathArtha darzana karavA mATe emaNe e pravRtti zarU karI tyAranI paristhiti samajavI joIe. ghara bAMdhanAra potAnI saMpatti ane utsAha pramANe ghara game teTaluM UMcuM le paNa te pahelo patharo te jamIna upara mAMDavAno. pravAsI game teTale dUra jAya, paNa pravAsanI zarUAta te te UbhuM hoya tyAMthI karavAne. tema dareka lekhaka tenI dRSTinI vedhakatA pramANe samAjanA hadayane game teTale UMDe sparza, bhaviSyamAM game teTale dUra jAya, paNa tenI daSTi samakSa te tene pitAne samakAlIna samAja rahevAno. jemAM te pitAnA samayanI ja bhASA vApare che, tema ja te pitAnA samayanA samAjane ja saMbodhe che. mATe koI paNa mahAna arvAcIna pravRtti samajavA mATe ApaNe arvAcIna samAjanuM svarUpa samajavuM joIe. ApaNuM avaoNcIna yugano prAraMbha yathArtha rIte aMgrejonA Agamana ane AdhipatyathI thAya che. tyArathI pazcimanI saMskRtinuM AkramaNa ApaNuM upara thayuM. te mAtra eka rAjabadale nahote, paNa samAjanA Arthika sAmAjika bauddhika dhArmika sarve pradeza para tene dhasAre hatuM. te samaye ApaNe samAja, sAmAnya rIte, rUDhigrasta, rUDhijaDa, sAmAjika daSTie aneka rIte vibhakta, TUMkA vibhAganA abhimAnavALo, mahAna Azayo vinAno hato. ApaNuM ghaNuMkharAM yAtrAsthAnenAM jalAzayonI peThe, tenuM jIvana baMdhiyAra : hatu ane tenA para aMdhazraddhAnI lIlabAjhelI hatI. vidvAna ane sAcA dhArmika ja nahotA ema nahi, paNa vidvAnI vidvatA, navAM zastra ane navA bUhavALAM zatrudala joIne taMbhita thaI gaI hatI, ane dharmabuddhi ahika jaMjAlathI parAmukha rahevAmAM pitAnuM sArthakya mAnatI hatI. A AkramaNa pachIno ItihAsa te ApaNe samAja A AkramaNa sAme kevI rIte taiyAra thaye, te kevI rIte baLavAna thayo, navI saMskRtinA kayA aMze

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sAmano karI te TakI raho, kayA ane te pacAvIne puSTa thayo, ane teNe kevo navo avatAra lIdhe e che. A dizAne ApaNe samAjane pahelo puruSArtha te sudhAre ke saMsAra sudhAre gaNu joIe. ATale varase ene dUrathI joI sAdA svarUpamAM samaja hoya che ema kahevAya ke tenI zraddhA evI hatI ke aMgrejo jevuM jIvana karavAthI ApaNe unnata ane baLavAna thaIzuM. e zraddhAthI, te jIvanamAM pesI gayelI kurUDhiono nAza karavA prerAye.enA samAjazAstrane siddhAnta te vyakti vAtavyane hatuM, je te samayanA IgleMDamAM pracalita hato. saMsArasudhArAnA himAyatIo mukhyatve aMgrejI keLavaNuM lIdhelA hatA. e ja hIlacAlanI eka zAkhA brahmasamAja ane prArthanAsamAjanuM rUpa pAmI, jene prayatna paNa, eka taraphathI ApaNuM pracalita dharmasaMpradAyo ane phirakAonI dhArmika aMdhazraddhAne khaseDavAne hatA, ane bIjI taraphathI dharmane ekezvaravAdanuM sAduM svarUpa ApavAno hato. A AkhuM AMdolana eka rIte paradeza ane parasaMskRtinA anukaraNa jevuM hatuM. tenA mULa ApaNuM dezanA AMtara mAnasa sudhI, dezanA prAcIna ItihAsa sudhI UMDAM gayAM nahotAM. lekasamUhanA mAnasane te kadI AkaSI zakyuM nahi. * gujarAtamAM saMsArasudhArAnI lagabhaga sAthe ja astitvamAM AvelAM AvAM bIjAM be dhArmika AMdalane tarIke thisaNI ane AryasamAjane " gaNAvavAM joIe. A saMbaMdhI AcArya AnaMdazaMkarane abhiprAya, je thisophI e dharma nathI paNa dharmanuM phakta daSTibindu che e yathArtha che. ane brahmasamAja ane AryasamAja bannemAM dhArmika puru thayA che ema svIkAravA chatAM kahevuM joIe ke e samAje lokajIvanane dhArmika anubhavathI samRddha karI zakyA nathI. AnaMdazaMkara kahe che tema samAjone dharma te jIvana nibhAve e pauSTika khorAka nathI, paNa mAtra kaMTha bhIne kare evuM pAtaLuM diyAsothI chi jotAM che. sudhArAnA A ziphI ke AryasamAje ApaNuM gujarAtI sAhityamAM kaze phALo A nathI. e dRSTie jotAM saMsArasudhAre ane prArthanAsamAje gujarAtI sAhityamAM aneka rIte phALe Apelo che, sudhArAnA AMdolananA lagabhaga prAraMbhamAM vIra narmade agra bhAga lIdho. teNe "yAhema karIne sudhArAnA yuddhamAM jhaMpalAvyuM. paNa tene dhIme dhIme samajAtuM gayuM ke Age phateha" nathI, tene e dizA ja khoTI jaNAI ane sudhArAnI 1. pR. 576,

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niSphaLatAnuM eka kAraNa teNe sudhArAmAM dharmane abhAva che e mAnyuM. teno svabhAva pramANe te eTalA ja vegathI sanAtana dharma tarapha vaLyo ane Aryadharma vize teNe ghaNuM lekha lakhyA. ahIthI sudhArAnI viruddha bAjunI, dezanA dharma mAnasane anukULa rIte kAma karavAnI eka navI praNAlikA zarU thaI. A praNAlikAnI zraddhA ApaNe govardhanarAmanI sarasvatIcaMdra' navalakathAmAM joIe chIe, ane enuM ciMtanAtmaka mananAtmaka ke dArzanika rUpa ApaNe maNilAla nabhubhAImAM joIe chIe. maNilAla nabhubhAIe sauthI prathama ApaNuM ane ApaNuM dArzanika dRSTie tapAsyA kasyA vicAya. narmade eka rIte A dizAmAM pahela karI, paNa tenA svabhAvamAM ke buddhisaMpattimAM UMDA dArzanika mananane avakAza nahoto. eTale e, mananane kharuM svarUpa maNilAlathI ja maLyuM. zrI AnaMdazaMkare maNilAlanuM prasthAna AgaLa calAvyuM, vikasAvyuM, vistAryuM. maNilAla AnaMdazaMkarathI jema vayamAM agraja hatA tema A prasthAnamAM paNa agragAmI hatA, ane mATe ja AnaMdazaMkara temanA tarapha hamezAM mAnanI dRSTie jue che, temane "mArA 4 vidyAbadhu kahe che, ane tethI ja pachInA jamAnAe emane nahi Apele nyAya ApavA hamezA prayatna kare che. ApaNuM sAhityamAM maNilAla nabhubhAInI sAthe ja ane te pachI, AcArya AnaMdazaMkare temanI pravRttinuM anusaMdhAna rAkhyuM ane aradhI saddI sudhI ekaniSThAthI emaNe e kAma karyuM ene huM ApaNuM sAhityanuM ane dharmaciMtanapravRttinuM eka sadbhAgya samajuM chuM. bannenI zraddhA ane nirUpaNapaddhatimAM ghaNuM samAnatA che ane tethI ApaNe svatanna dArzanika vicAraNanA abhyAsamAM banneno bhego abhyAsa Avazyaka che. bannene zAMkara kevalAdvaita upara zraddhA hatI. banne dharma ane tatvajJAnane abhinna jotA hatA. bannee hiMdu dharma ane philasUphI upara. thatAM aneka AkramaNa sAme tumula yuddha kareluM che, ane bannee hiMdu dharmane tenA vizAlamAM vizAla rUpamAM joyo che, ane nirUpyo che. eTaluM ja nahi, maNilAle AdarelI carcA AnaMdazaMkare AgaLa calAvelI che, ghaNI jagAe maNilAlanI dRSTine vistArI che, ane maNilAle upasthita karelA mate vadhAre pariSkRta karyA che. maNilAla pahelAM vedAnta eka kevala zuSka tarkajAla jevuM, vAstavika jIvana sAthe saMbaMdha vinAnuM ane tethI karaNaghelAmAM naMdazaMkara upahAsa kare che tevuM thaI gayuM hatuM. zetarajanI jerI bAjImAM 2. pU. 74ra.

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jema kAI ramanAra mhArAMne ekamIjAne jore gADhavI racanA kare, tevuM amuka pAribhASika zabdo ane vicArAnI racanA jevuM e thaI gayuM hatuM. maNasAthe tene jIvanta, A jIvananA praznane uDDalavA samarthe, A jIvanamAM anubhavavA yAgya, ane A jIvananA rahasyabhUta-sArabhUta, jIvananA pAyArUpa evuM karI batAvyuM. ema karavAmAM temaNe aMgrejI sAyansa ane phileAseAphInA upayAga karyo; vartamAna sAyansa ane phileAseAkInA praznA paNa advaita dRSTithI vicAryuM, ane advaitanA nirUpaNamAM e jJAnane paNa upayAga karyAM. vedAntane jIvanta banAvavA temaNe 'abheda' sAthe 'prema'ne sthAna ApyuM, ane parAkSa ane aparAkSa jJAnanA tene vyAvartaka banAvyeA. Ane maNilAlane Adhunika vedAntamAM athavA vartamAnayuganI dharmavicAraNAmAM svataMtra kALA gaNavA joie. te pahelAM premane dharmamAM sthAna ja naheAtuM ema vivakSita nathI. premane mATe maNilAle ApelAM avataraNA ja tenA pUratA javAba che. paNa temaNe premanA artha mAtra premalakSaNA bhakti ja nahi, mAtra Izvarabhakti ja nahi, paNa vyavahAramAM paNa je prema che te te ja premanA aMza che ema karyAM. A artha te samaye navA hatA. bhakti saMpradAyamAM premanA evA artha thatA nahAtA. temAM te| kRSNanI ja bhakti hatI, ane saMsAra tA jALarUpa ja hatA, bhaktimAMvighnarUpa hatA. kadAca A navA svarUpanuM sUcana krizcana dharma jemAM Izvara e prema che ane prema e Izvara che evAM vidhAnA Ave che temAMthI maLyuM hAya. paNa te game te hoya paNa A dRSTi navIna hatI. maNilAle prema ane abheda, bhakti ane jJAna upara aneka jagAe lakhyuM che. temanA A mantavyane niSkarSa teo sihAntasAramAM eka jagAe Ape che 4 jJAna vinA bhakti adha rahe che, bhakti vinA jJAna zuSka rahe che, pAMgaLu' rahe che. je jANavuM te ja bhajavuM, jANyA vinA bhAya nahi, ne bhajgyA vinA jANavuM kahevAya nahi, vedAntanuM je parAkSajJAna te ja bhakti che, bhaktimArgavALAnI premalakSaNA parAbhakti te ja aparIkSajJAna che. jJAna te bhakti ne bhakti te ja jJAna--e ja parAkSa kaivalya. zrI gItAjImAM paNa e ja kahyuM che, sAkhyuMjJAna ane yAga-karma, bhakti ityAdi-ne ekarUpa ANanAra ja jANe che." 3. prema, dayA, sneha, maitrI, Adi sthUla sabaMdheAmAM paNa je je Anada Ave che, te te AnaMdanA parama prakaN anubhavAya e abhedanuM svarUpa che. Atmanimajjana rR. 38-9. 4. siddhAntasAra (AvRtti trIjI) pR 323-24

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- maNilAlanI A vAta AnaMdazaMkara e ja rUpe svIkAre che. teo kahe che? premalakSaNA bhakti te ja jJAna ane apakSa jJAna te ja "bhakti" e siddhAnta have suprasiddha thaI gayA che. eTaluM ja nahi maNilAlanI peThe ja, teo paNa uparanA kAraNathI gItAne "advaitAmRtavarSiNa' kahe che. paNa eka vakhata aihika premane paramapremane aMza kahyA pachI, aihika prema pite ja paramaprema nathI ema kahevAnI jarUra paDe che ane AnaMdazaMkara te kahe che : ApaNe ghaNIvAra "rasa" ane "prema" evA zabda "brAne sthAne vaparAtA sAMbhaLyA che, ane rA. rA. maNilAle tema karavAnuM eka projana paNa darzAvyuM che, je sudarzananA abhyAsIne smaraNamAM haze ja. paraMtu e mahAna zabdathI zuM vivakSita che ane zuM nathI e vize bhUla na karavA vAcake sAvadhAna rahevAnuM che. jema dareka hadayane ubhare te kAvyane rasa nathI--ema hoya te dareka laukika raDAphaTa kAvyarasanI padavIe pahocavA jAya-tema dareka abheda ke "prema" ke "rasa nI vAta te brahmasAkSAtkAra nathI e samajavAnuM che. eka tarapha, rasa vinAnuM jJAna (zuSka buddhi) kaThera kATAnI zayA jevuM che e kharuM, paNa te sAthe bIjI tarapha e paNa samaraNamAM rAkhavAnuM che ke kevaLa rasa arthAta rasAbhAsa to rA. maNilAla kahe che tema "vedAntane eTalo badhe ogALI nAMkhe che ke bAcakA bharatAM paNa hAthamAM kAMI AvatuM nathI..." maNilAla nabhubhAI pazcimanI philasUphInA paNa talasparzI abhyAsI hatA. e abhyAsane pariNAme teoe ghaNIvAra pazcimanI philasUphInA koI siddhAntane, advaitanirUpaNamAM viniyoga karelo che. AtmanimajanamAM teo kahe cheH ""amuka kartavya che" ema mAnavAnI je anivArya bhAvanA te paNa svarUpAnusaMdhAnano ja baliSTha vyApAra che." A, jarmanInA prasiddha philasUpha kAnTano siddhAnta che. "amuka kartavya che evI anivArya bhAvanA e kAnTanA categorical imperativenuM samAnArtha pada che. ane kAnTa eno khulAso bAhya bhAsamAna jagatanA adhikAna satathI kare che. " maNilAla ahIM e siddhAna svIkArI le che, ane vedAntanI ja paribhASAmAM 5. pR. 232. 6, pR. 735. 7. pR. 39 8, pR. para <. The antinomy of pure speculative reason exhibits a similar conflict between freedom and physical necessity in the causa. lity of events in the world. It was solved by showing that there is no real contradiction when the events and even the world in which they occur arc regarded as they ought to be)

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tene mUke che. e ja rIte AnaMdazaMkara paNa A kAnTanA tema ja anya yuropIya vidvAne zodhake philasUphAna siddhAntone upayoga kare che. maNilAlane trIjo phALo te dharmacarcAmAM temaNe purANone pramANa mAnyAM e gaNAya. temanA pahelAM purANe sAme aneka hallA thaI gayA hatA. pAdarIo hindu dharmanI nindA karavAmAM purANene ja upayoga karatA. ane kaMIka tethI ja AryasamAjane ane saMsArasudhArAne paNa dharmane zuddha karavAne mATe purANone apramANu gaNavA sivAya bIjo mArga dekhAte nahe. maNilAle purANanuM aitihAsika samarthana karyuM, tenI kathAono AdhyAtmika artha karyo. AnaMdazaMkare paNa "ApaNe dharma" mAM aneka jagAe sudara rIte purANakathAone artha karyo che, ane purANone dharmasAhityamAM pratiSThita karyo che. Ama aneka daSTie A vidyAbaMdhuomAM paddhatinI ane siddhAntanI samAnatA dekhAya che. tema chatAM bannemAM keTalAka mahatvane pharaka che. paheluM e ke ghaNIkharI pravRttinA prAraMbhamAM hoya che tema maNilAlanA dharmamantavyamAM keTaluMka DahoLANa ke bhega hate dharmanI sAthe keTalAka camatkArane paNa teo mAnatA. ema thavAne kAraNamAM kaMIka siddhione temane pitAne zekha paNa khare ane kaMIka thiyosephI, jemAM dhamantavya sAthe aneka agamya vAta ane siddhio uparanI zraddhA paNa Ave che, tenI samakAlIna asara paNa kharI. temaNe jAte mesarijhamanA ane gaprakriyAnA prayogo karelA, ane prANuviniyama upara temaNe eka pustaka paNa lakhelu che. pAchaLathI emane e sarva upara tiraskAra Avela ane tethI "prANuviniyama"nI bIjI AvRtti temaNe karI nathI, ema AnaMdazaMkara nadhei paNa che."10 paNa A eka banne vacce merely as appearances; since one and the same acting being, as an appearance (even to his own inner sense) has a causality in the world of sense that always conforms to the mechanism of nature, but with respect to the same events, so far as the acting person regards himself at the same time as a noumenon (as pure intelligence in an existence not dependent on the condition of time), he can contain a principle by which that causality acting according to laws of nature is determined but which is itself free from all laws of nature. Kant's Theory of Ethur: by Abbot. Sixth Edition. p 210 10. sudarzanagadyAvali, maNilAla nabhubhAI upara lekha pR. 11

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15 pharaka che. 'AnaMdazaMkaranI dharmabhAvanA pahelethI aMta sudhI ekasarakhI zuddha rahelI che. Anadazakara zAMkar matanI carcAmAM spaSTa kahe che ke prANAyAmAdi prakriyAe game teTalI upayegI ane nirdoSa hAya paNa tene dharma-sAthe saMbaMdha nathI.11 maNilAlane vegasiddhione zAkha che. eTaluM ja nahi. paNa temanA keTalAka khIjA paNa zAkhA temanI dhama~carcAmAM ghUsI javA pAmyA che. siddhAntasAramAM12 yajJanI carcAmAM teo kahe che cajJamAM je arpaNabuddhi pradhAna che, te buddhithI ja, AvA medhanA khulAsA thaI zake che.........peAtAne badale pazunuM ja arpaNa karI, yajamAna, devatAne sAdhe che. vaLI ema paNa mAnavuM che, ke medhyapazvAdi svarge jAya che. sAmAdipAna paNa evA ja AzayavALAM che. sAma, amRta, devatAnA ja pIvAnA padArtha, pIdhAthI brAhmaNAnAM AMtaracakSu khulI jatAM, ane temane devatAo pratyakSa thaI phala ApatA, tathA te amaratva pAmatA. Aja paNa, phakIra, ceAgI, ityAdi mastajJAnIomAM, hAzIza, gAje, bhAMga ityAAda, mAdaka, ane tethI indriyA tathA manane kAI vilakSaNa pratyagdaSTi karAvavAne samartha, padArthonuM sevana pracalita ja che. ahIM mAdaka padArthInA ullekha paNa lekhakanA zokha ( nirbaLatA ?) ja batAve che. eka khIjo bheda paNa noMdhavA jevA che je maNilAlanA peAtAnA kathana uparathI spaSTa thAya che. siddhAntasAranI prastAvanAnA aMtabhAgamAM teo kahe che : prAcIna advaita AjakAlanA sudhArA AgaLa gunegAranA pAMjarAmAM che, tenI ane tenA ' jaDaja'nI jagAnI pherabadalI karAvavI eTalI ja mArI vakIlAta che, tema thayA pachI je nyAcAdhIza thaze te ja AcAryaM thaI * zuM karavuM ' te batAvaze. eka rIte maNilAlanuM A ghaNu ja Arta kathana che. A kathana nIce temanuM udAtta dezAbhimAna ApaNe joI zakIe chIe, je temanI samasta sAhityapravRttimAM etapreAta hatuM. siddhAntasAramAM teo eka jagAe13 lakhe cheH je je prajA peAtAnI prAcIna mahattAthI bhraSTa thatAM te mahattAne visarI jaI, peAtAnI hInatA svIkAratI cAle che te te prajA nira'tara adheAgatine pAmatI jAya che, evuM ItihAsanA aneka dRSTAntathI siddha thAya che. aMgrejo zAsaka thayA mATe ApaNI dhRSTatama vastue upara TIkA kare, tenA upahAsa kare, e nIcI mUDIe sahana karI levAmAM temane dhaNI hINapata lAgatI. ane mATe ja teo ApaNAM darzanAnI ane ApaNA dharmanI mahattA vAravAra paDakArI paDakArIne kahe che. paNa ema karavAmAM teo pAte kahe che tema temaNe vakIlanI pati akhatyAra karI. ethI emanI 11. pR. 375 11. pR. 91 13. pR. 323

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16 bhASA tejasvI banI, emanA vaktavyane dhAra caDI, tethI dhaNA svadharmapakSapAtI varga temanI sAthe dhasaDAyeA. paNa tethI ja ATale lAMme gALe jotAM vAMcanArane lAge ke temaNe khadhuM ekasarakhuM pramANabahu gaMbhIra yuktipurasara nathI lakhyuM. kheATI dalIla paNa cAlI jatI heAya te| calAvavAmAM te kadI kheMcAtA nathI. siddhAntasAramAM14 teo kahe che vedamAne jarApaNa pheraphAra thayA vinA, amuka uccAra sahita anata yugA sudhI jALavI rAkhavA, je prayatna brAhmaNoe karyAM che, te uparathI kharekhara, tenuM atAdiva ane nityatva svataHsiddha thAya . e vakhate te hajI TiLakaneA vedanI utpatti i.sa. pUrve cAra kre sADA cAra hajAra varSa hAvAne tarka upasthita thayA nahAtA, ane teo pAte vedakAlanA prAcInatva saMbaMdhI game te mAnatA hAya tepaNu brAhmaNIe veda 'anaMta ' yugA sudhI jALavI rAkhyA che ema kahevAya ? ane eTalA uparathI vedanuM anAditya ane nityatva siddha thaI zake? ane jo brAhmaNAnA paThana uparathI e siddha thatuM hoya to pachI te ravataHsiddha zI rIte thAya? Ama emanI dArzanika carcAmAM kAI vAra khATI dalIleA AvI jAya che. ane tyAre jANe emane uttama tela laI sthira prakAzamAna dIvA karavA naheAtA paNa game te vastuo pheMkIne meATA bhaDakA karavA hatA ema jaNAya che! AthI ja 'bhadraMbhadra'mAM ghaNI jagAe sanAtana dharmanI dalIlenA upahAsane avakAza maLyeA che. A vAta AnaMdazaMkarabhAInA lakSa ahAra rahI nathI jaNAtI. teo maNilAlane vize kahe cheH . ' tr " . . A advaitabhAvanA----je * vedAnta' nAme oLakhAya che te--kevala zuSka tanala '35 ta hatAM, 'prema' (Love) ane kataeNvya ' (Duty) nA maneAhara stambha upara cAelI bhanya imArata che. 8 premajIvana abhedasi~ ' abhyAsa' prAcIna ane arvAcIna vedAnta ' zrImad bhagavadgItAnA vedAnta' ityAdi anekAneka lekhA A siddhAntanA pratipAdaka che. chatAM rA. rA. maNilAla pete zuSka tAlanA paNa sArA abhyAsI hatA, e emanAM " zrImad bhagavadgItA ' vRttiprabhAkara' vagere jotAM spaSTa pratIta thAya che, 15 ' " . A granthA sivAya paNa evA tau dhaNI jagAe maLI Ave che. e ja vakIlAtanI dhagazathI ane kaMIka thiyeAsethrInI paddhatinA anukaraNathI tee managamatA purAve game tyAMthI laI Ave che. sihAntasAramAM viSNunuM vAhana garuDa zA mATeenI carcAmAM teo kahe che ke misaramAM garuDa e anantanuM rUpa che."12 34. pR. 6ThTha 15. sudarzanagadAvali rR. 11 16. siddhAntasAra pR. 342.

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17 dharmacarcAmAM tulanA ane sarakhAmaNIne sthAna che, paNa A artha karavAnI paddhati eka bAju ADabarI tema bIjI bAju aprAmANika che. AnaMdazaMkarabhAI paNa e ja svadezamamatAthI prerAIne sAhityapravRtti kare che. chatAM temaNe kadI vakIlanI peThe kazuM kahyuM nathI. satyathI ja dezanI sevA thaI zakaze, ane vidyAnA kSetramAM te satya sivAya bIjA kazAthI vijaya maLatuM nathI, e temanI nizcala pratIti hatI. pitAne je dAvo che temAM je satya hoya che e satyathI ja e dAvo chatAvAno che, keI asatyathI nahi. paNa e dAvAnuM satya barAbara zedhIne mUkavuM joIe. ane AnaMdazaMkarane puruSArtha emAM rahelo che. AnaMdazaMkaranA A lekha pUrA samajavA mATe ApaNe temanI preraNuM ane zraddhA ane bhantavya ane temanI nirUpaNapaddhati barAbara samajavA joIe. upara kahyuM tema temanI preraNuM mAtra svadezanI nahotI, paNa dharmanI paNa hatI. ApaNu pAse uttama dharma che te ApaNe pArakAthI thatI dharmanindA zA mATe sahI levI? tenuM varcasva zA mATe duniyAmAM na sthApavuM? eTaluM ja nahi, paNa temane evI paNa zraddhA hatI ke dharma ja mANasane ane dezane khare balaprada unnatikara ane sukhaprada nIvaDaze. dharma, te emane mana kaI jIvananI ekAda zakti ke ekAda khUNe ke pradeza nahote. e samagra jIvanavyApI daSTi hatI, je samagra vyavahArane vyApI tene zuddha ane jIvanta kare che. emanI dharma ane vyavahAranI daSTi abhuta rIte emanI jagata ane paramAtmAnI daSTinI sAthe sAmya dharAve che. paramAtmA A jagatanI bahAra rahyo chate jagatamAM vyApele che, tema dharmadaSTi vyavahAranI pAra jatI chatAM, vyavahAramAM vyApelI che. temanA dharmamAM vyavahArane sthAna che, ane temane vyavahAra dharma vinA apUrNa che. temanA dharmamAM paramArtha sAthe ja aihika arthane paNa sthAna che. jIvananI A daSTi ke philasUphI caritArtha karavA, temaNe "vasanata" mAsika kahADayu. tenAM mudrAvAkayomAM satyane ane dharmane pramAda na kare enI sAthe kuzaLane ane bhUtine pramAda na kare ema paNa kahyuM che. ApaNA dezamAM je zikSaNa apAya che temAM dharmazikSaNane sthAna nathI, ane bIjI paNa ghaNuM khAmIo che te pUravAne mATe sAhityakArA eka yunivarsiTInuM kArya karavAnI abhilASAthI temaNe "vasanta" patra kahADayuM hatuM. ane e patradvArA ApaNane A sarva sAhitya maLyuM che.

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18 AcArya AnaMdazaMkaranA lekhamAM philasUphI ane dharma be abhinna hoya ? ema bannenI carcA jovAmAM Avaze. pAzcAtya banene bhinna mAne che ane ApaNAmAM e abhinna che tene tarkadeSa ke vicArapragatinI UNapa gaNe che. A praznanI carcA ane khulAso AnaMdazaMkare te aneka jagAe karelo che. pazcimamAM ema thavAnuM kAraNa pazcimanI saMskRtimAM dharma ane philasUphI banA ubhavanAM sthAna ane kAla bhinna che e che ane te eka pazcimanuM aniSTa che, tenuM bhUSaNa nathI. bannenuM svarUpa samajIe te banneno abheda ja prAmANika che ema sahaja jaNAya che. philasUphI samasta jagatanuM parama satya zuM che tenuM gaSaNa kare che. e satya vANIthI ane vicArathI samajAya eTalAmAM mAnavacetananI caritArthatA nathI. balake eTalethI e aTake te e paramasatyane samaje che ema paNa na kahevAya. e satyane anukULa e akhaMDa samagra cetanA thAya, e satyamaya samagrarUpe thAya, thAya mAtra nahi paNa thayA ja kare, niraMtara thatI ja rahe, tyAre cetanAne saMpUrNatA anubhavyAne AnaMda maLe. jema keInI garIbI samajIe to tenA tarapha dayA Ave ja, dayA na Ave tyAM sudhI garIbI sAcI samajyA gaNAIe nahi, ane dayA Ave te e dayA kAryamAM paNa pariName ja, ema thAya nahi tyAM sudhI e dayA sAcI dayA gaNAya nahi; ema jagatanuM paramasatya jANyA pachI samagra cetanA tene abhimukha thaI anukULa svarUpa dhAraNa na kare te teNe paramasatya jANyuM na gaNAya. mATe ja maNilAla ane AnaMdazaMkara banne kahe che ke jANavuM ane bhajavuM, jJAna ane bhakita be bhinna na hoI zake. samagra jagatanA satya svarUpane samagra AtmAthI anukULa thavuM enuM ja nAma dharma, ane philasUphI ane dharma bhinna hoI na zake. philasUphImAM AnaMdazaMkarabhAIne kevalAta upara zraddhA che, ane advaitane e dArzanika citananuM zikhara mAne che. A AvaDA moTA graMthamAM jyAM jyAM dArzanika carcA che tyAM tyAM temanuM nigamanasthAna ata che. - advaita upara jyAMthI jyAMthI prahAre thayA che, tyAM tyAM temaNe tenuM samarthana karyuM che, ane ema karatAM advaitamata upara emaNe apUrva prakAza pADA che. A sarva zAstrArthe temaNe zuddha buddhi ane tarkanI bhUmikA upara rahI karelA che. kaI jagAe agamya anubhavane dAvo karyo nathI, tema evA kaI anubhavane pitAnI lhAyamAM TAMka nathI, tema ja kaI gurupadanA dAvAthI koI dalIlane mATe asAdhAraNa prAmANya deve karyo nathI. dharma e apakSAnubhavano viSaya che, eTale emAM alaukika agamya

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anubhavane avakAza che, ane tethI keTalAka dharmacarcAmAM evA anubhava kathananI apekSA rAkhe; temane A pustakamAM nirAzA paNa maLe. paNa AcArya AnaMdazaMkaranI dhamane buddhinI bhUmikA para carcavAnI ja AdyapratijJA che. agamya anubhavane dA nahi karavAmAM temanI eka prakAranI prAmANikatA rahelI che, jene mATe ApaNane Adara thavo ghaTe che. ane ApaNu dharmamAM, A agamya anubhavane ethe keTalo vahema, keTale daMbha, keTalI ThagAI, keTale anAcAra dharmamAM pesI gayo che? e mArga dUra jatAM dharma ane kImiyA vacce, ane dharma ane jAdu vacce kaMI pharaka rahetuM nathI ! e badhAMne kADhavA mATe buddhi jevuM kaMI bIjuM zodhana nathI. eTaluM ja nahi. AnaMdazaMkara kahe che ke buddhi eka vastu kahe ane anubhava bIjI vastu kahe, e zakya nathI. eTale dArzanika cacI buddhinI bhUmikA upara avazya thaI zake. ane emane mana buddhinI-jJAnanI mahattA ghaNuM jabarI che. 17 buddhi ane hRdaya ane svIkAravA chatAM, hamezAM temano jhoka buddhi tarapha vizeSa hoya che. vizeSa zuM, teo pApane--mAyAne ajJAna, avidyA kahe che, ane mokSane jJAna kahe che. emanI philasUphIne samagrarUpe jatAM jaNAze ke emanA vaktavya ane emanA kArya mATe buddhi ane jJAnanuM daSTibindu ja gya che. ane ema karavAmAM teo ApaNuM dharmanA mahAna AcAryonI paraMparAne ja anusaryA che, jene samakAlIna dAkhalA lokamAnya TiLakanuM bhagavadgItArahasya che. ' * upara kahyuM tema A nibaMdhone keTaloka bhAga ata upara thatA AkSepinA uttararUpe lakhAyo che. ane e uttaradvArA ApaNane AcArya AnaMdazaMkaranuM svataMtra manana maLe che. A AkSepamAM sauthI pahelo ApaNe sAmAnya lekabuddhine AkSepa gaNIe, ke A je jagatane ApaNe hameza joIe chIe, ane jemAM vyavahAra karIe chIe te mithyA zI rIte hoI zake? Ane emane javAba ghaNo sayuktika che. dekhAtI vastunI zaMkAmAMthI ja sarva zAstranI utpatti che, ane satya dekhAya che tethI juduM che, enuM ja sarvazAstra nirUpaNa kare che. ApaNe sUryane pRthvI AsapAsa 17. pR. 38ahIM smaraNamAM rAkhavuM joIe ke AnaMdazaMkarabhAI buddhi ane vivekazaktine eka gaNe che. ethI vizeSa pRthakkaraNa karavuM hoya te ema kahevAya ke pratyagRSTi self-consciousness e adhyAtmazAstrane mULabhUta tAtvika aMza che. maNilAla nabhubhAIe A zabda A arthamAM vAparyAnuM smaraNa che. AnAzaMkara eka jagAe ene mATe pratibodha zabda vApare che.

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karatA joIe chIe, ane evI mAnyatA sAthe ja sAmAnya vyavahAra karIe chIe, paNa khagoLazAstra kahe che ke pRthvI sUrya AsapAsa phare che e satya che. e zAstrane jJAnI ane ajJAnI banne e ja duniyAmAM rahe che, vyavahare che, pharaka e che ke jJAnInI daSTi judI che. A khagoLazAstranA ja dAkhalAthI ApaNe AgaLa jaI kahI zakIe ke dekhAva mithyA che tene artha evuM dekhAtuM ja nahotuM ema nathI. e dekhAtuM hatuM e vAta kharI hatI paNa temAM satya juduM hatuM, ane e satya, nahi samajavAthI e evuM dekhAtuM hatuM. ane have e ja dekhAva juderUpe samajAya che. te ja rIte A jagata ajJAnIne je rUpe dekhAya che tethI bhinnarUpe jJAnIne dekhAya che. ane tyAre jJAna pahela idekhAva mithyA hate ema te samaje che. AnaMdazaMkarane javAba sAdo che, sacoTa che, ane badhAM pAzcAtya vijJAne eka paNa apavAda vinA enuM ja samarthana kare che-eTale sudhI ke ApaNane vimAsaNa thAya ke ApaNe AvI zaMkA kadI paNa karI ja zI rIte zakyA? ApaNane ATaluM kema na sUjhayuM? sAmAnya lekabuddhinI zaMkAne A javAba sAmAnya lekabuddhi samaje e che, ene svIkAra paDe evo che, ane tema chatAM te pUrepUre vizAla ane gahana che. lokabuddhine advaita upara eka bIjo AkSepa paNa che je mithyAvedAntamAMthI utpanna thAya che. ahR prahmAni, eTale huM pite ja brahma hAuM, huM pite ja Izvara hAu, te pachI mane marachamAM Ave tema AcaravAne paravAne maLI jAya che! ghaNuM, vedAntane Avo artha samaje che ane ghaNuM Avo artha mAnIne vedAntIone, athavA A artha mAnanArA vedAntIone upahAsa kare che. AnaMdazaMkara A mata upara egya rIte prakopa darzAve che. pitAnA nAnakaDA jIvane paramAtmA mAno e te vedAntanI madhura dakSane seDavIne tene madirA karIne pIvA barAbara che.18 vedAntanuM ardhalakI nirUpaNa enA kramamAM samajIe te A artha niravakAza che, te tarata pratIta thazeH brahma satya che, jagata mithyA che, ane jIva e brahma ja che anya nathI. prathama brahma satya che, e brahmajJAnane lIdhe ja jagata mithyA che, ane jagata mithyA che mATe e jagatane sAcuM mAnanAra jIva paNa mithyA che. eTale koI mANasa chavabhAvathI paramAtmA hovAne dA na karI zake e dekhItuM che. 18 pR. 257

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za advaita uparanA khIjo sakhta AkSepa sezvaravAdIe, jemAM krizrane ane prArthanAsamAjIe bannenA samAveza karI zakAya, temanA che.19 te kahe che : advaitavAda nItinA dhvaMsaka che. aneka mAnavAnA vyavahAra e nItinA viSaya che. mAnavAnuM anekatva laI le| eTale nIti AdhAra vinAnI thaI rahe che. advaitavAdInA AnA javAba e che ke aneka mAnavAnA vyavahAra e nItinA viSaya che e kharuM, paNa mAnavAnuM anekatva e saMpUrNa satya nathI. e mAnavAnA anekatvane atikramIne temanu ekava temanA abheda rahelA che, jethI ja emanI vacce vyavahAra zaya thAya che. mAnavA eka khIjAthI kevaLa svataMtra vyaktie heAta te temanI vacce paraspara vyavahAra zakya na heAta; nItinI vAta karIe chIe te kahIzuM ke temanI vacce paraspara samajAya tevuM nItinuM phrAI dheAraNa na heAta. advaitanA svIkArathI ja nIti zakya ane che, ane nItibhAvanAmAM je eka pAralaukika avazya--kartavyatAnuM bhAna thAya che tene khulAsA paNa maLe che. A pAralaukika avasya-kartavyatA uparathI sezvaravAdI bIjI dalIla kare che. avazya kartavyatAnI buddhinuM, tenA bhAnanuM pRthakkaraNa karIe to jaNAze ke temAM eka prakAranI anivAryatA, vyakti upara adhikAra haiAya tevI krAI AnAnI anivAryatA rahelI che. e AnApaNu bIjA kAinuM nahi paNa zvaranuM che. ane jIva ane IzvaranuM dvaita laI laIe teA nItinI pAralaukikatA, avazya-kartavyatA cAlI jAya. arthAt nItivyavasthA mATe jIva-- IzvaranuM dvaita Avazyaka che. paNa A prakAranu dvaita UlaTuM nItibhAvanAnuM ucchedaka che. nIti e jo kAI bAla sattAnI AjJA uThAvavA kharAkhara hoya te te kadI avazya-svIkAryuM ke svayaMsiddha na khanI zake. e AjJA sAthe nigrahAnugraha sukhadu:kha rahetAM heAya tethI te avazya--svIkArya na thAya, e te| e nigrahAnugrahane lIdhe ke sukhadu:khane lIdhe svIkArya banyAM gaNAya, ane nIti e sukhaduHkhane lIdhe ja svIkArya bane te te nIti na rahe, e te mAtra svArthanI gaNatrInA savAla rahe. ane nIti e svArtha nathI emAM tA nItinuM kharuM svarUpa rahelu che. nIti jo sukhaduHkhathI svIkArya banatI hAta tA te svataHsiddha na gaNAta. jema khAvAmAM, mANasa kAI bahAranA hukamathI nathI khAtA, aMdaranI bhUkhathI khAya che, ane mATeja khAvuM e mANasanA zarIranA baMdhAraNanI svAbhAvika kriyA che, ane mATe ja khAvAnA ' 19. vedAntamAM paNa zaMkaranA kevalAdvaita upara sakhtamA sakhta AkSepa sezvaravAdI vedAntIe rAmAnuja madhna vageree karelA che.

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2 AnaMda Ave che, tema nIti paNa mAnavacetanAnI svAbhAvika kriyA che, ane mATe ja nItimAM mANasane AtmAnubhavane AnaMda thAya che. nIti mANasane svatasiddha na hota, te eka bAhya gulAmI jevI, bAhya Apatti jevI lAgata. alabata ahI eka prazna rahI jAya che. je nIti kevala svabhAvagata hoya te mANasa anItivAna zA mATe thAya che? bIju, nIti kevala svabhAvagata heya te temAM AjJAne raNakAra kema saMbhaLAya che ? vedAntI kaheze, e ja mAyA, e ja avidyA, e ja ajJAna. e jAya ane mANasa brahmadaSTivALe thAya te pachI kadI anItivAna na thAya, ane pachI kadI nIti pALavAmAM tene bAhya AjJApAlana jevuM kazuM lAge paNa nahi. jIvanamuktane, brahmadaSTivALAne nItinAM baMdhana nathI, niguNya dizAmAM vidhiniSedha nathI, eno artha e ja ke e dazAmAM badhI kriyAo enI meLe ja nItimaya thAya. prayatnathI karavI na paDe. ata uparanuM trIjuM AkramaNa bhautika vijJAnazAstrIonA jaDavAdanuM che. e vAda kahe che ke vaijJAnika rIte je kAMI siddha thaI zake te e che ke A sarva jagata prakRti (matter) ane zakti ke skUrti (energy) nuM baneluM che. jene ApaNe citta kahIe chIe te eno ja vikAra che. AcArya AnaMdazaMkarane jeTa philasUphIne zekha hati teTalo ja vijJAnane hato. sAcA philasUphInA zekhanuM e ja svarUpa che, kAraNake philasuphI samagra jagatanuM satya zodhavA prayatna kare che. temAM paNa advaita te jaDamAM paNa jIva jeTaluM ja brahma sabhara bharyuM che, pramAtA ane prameya bannemAM eka ja brahma vilase che, ema mAne che. eTaluM ja nahi, bhautika zAstrane abhyAsa e zAstronI maryAdA paNa batAve che, ane e maryAdAthI ja darzanazAstranI AvazyakatA siddha thAya che. ethI ja bannene bheda, bhinna viSaya ane bhinna gaveSaNapaddhati paNa phuTa thAya che. vaLI jagatanA ItihAsamAM jevuM cetanavAde ekachatra rAjya bhagavyuM che tevuM jaDavAde kadI bhogavyuM nathI. vartamAnayugamAM pazcimamAM jyAre jaDavAda mATe meTAmAM meTA dAvA karavAmAM AvatA hatA tyAre paNa ghaNA vijJAnazAstrIo pote ja cetanavAdI hatA ane temaNe jaDavAdanA samaye radiyo ApelA che. AnaMdazaMkare jaDavAdanI viruddha evA mahAna cetanavAdI vaijJAnika sara olivara lejanA eka AkhA lekhane bhASAntara karI mUke che. jaDavAdane siddhAnta, ke cetana e jaDane ja vikAra che, ene meTAmAM moTo bAdha pitAnI

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paddhatine ja che. jaDavAda jyAM sudhI pote svIkArelI nirIkSaNa ane pragapaddhatithI jaDamAMthI cetana pariNamyuM batAve nahi tyAM sudhI te evuM vidhAna karI zake nahi. cetananA vikAra sAthe sAthe jaDa zarIramAM vikAra thAya che, e uparathI jaDa zarIra e cetananA vyApAranuM taMtra che, sAdhana che, ethI vadhAre phalita thaI zake nahi jaDa ane cetananA daitane khulAso kare. paDe che e ja batAve che ke banne atyanta bhinna che, ane tethI jaDa cetananuM kAraNa hoI zake nahi. ane jaDamAM pahelethI ja gUDharUpe cetana hatuM ema kahevuM e te jaDa upara cetananuM prAdhAnya svIkAravA barAbara che, kAraNake cetana ja pitAnA prayajana mATe jaDadvArA vyApAra kare che. paNa e jaDavAda uparane sauthI mATe prahAra te Adhunika vijJAnazAsse ja karelo che. jaDavAde svIkArela dravya (matter) no Akho khyAla ja hAla badalAI gayo che kAraNake dravya pahelAM mAnatA hatA tevA paramANunuM baneluM nathI, paNa e te mAtra be bhinna prakAranA vidaNunI racanAothI baneluM che. eTale dravya jevuM kaMI rahetuM nathI, mAtra zakti ja rahe che. paNa vijJAna ethI paNa AgaLa jAya che. deza ane kAla paNa kaI svataMtra vAstavika to nathI, mAtra sApekSa che; vaLI deza ane kAla paNa ApaNe mAnIe chIe tevAM bhinna nathI, eka ja satanAM be bhinna svarUpa che, ane dezakAla nAmane, eka ja caturmAna padArtha svarUpa che. AnaMdazaMkara e vArtAlApamAM chevaTe jADA akSaramAM badhAne sAra kahe che: "tArA pRthvI huM tame sarve dezakAla nAmaka mahodadhinA taraMga chIeH eka ja mUlabhUta satanAM rUpa vA prakAra chIe."20 ApaNe kahI zakIe ke bhautika vijJAne vedAnI ATalI sevA kadI karI na hatI! - AnaMdazaMkara temanA vidyAbaMdhu maNilAlanI peThe, ane sarva philasUphInuM prAptavyasthAna mAne che. e dRSTithI emaNe pazcimanI philasUphIne ItihAsa avaloka che. "viveka ane abheda'nA lekhamAM prAcIna grIka philasUpha thelsathI mAMDIne haTe spensara ane hegalanI philasUphI sudhImAM dArzanika manana kevI rIte vikAsa pAme che, ane kevI rIte advaitazikhara tarapha prayANa kare che te darzAvI chevaTe hegalanA viziSTAdvaitavAda ane zaMkarAcAryanA kevalAdaitavAdanI tulanA karI che. ane kevalAdvaita kevI rIte vizeSa sayuktika che te darzAvela che. te pachInI pazcimanI philasUphInuM digdarzana temaNe madrAsamAM bharAyelI inDiyana philosophikala kegresanA pramukhapadethI 20, pR. 165

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1928mAM karelA vyAkhyAnamAM Ave che, je vyAkhyAna A graMthamAM saMgrahyuM che. tene sAra teo gujarAtImAM mUkavAnA hatA paNa te teo karI zakyA nathI. e lekhamAM teo vartamAnayuganA philasUphanA mate TUMkamAM parIkSe che ane temanAM sapakSa vipakSa daSTAoMthI tatvajJAnanI pUrNatA advaitamAM rahelI che te batAve che. jUne jaDavAda ane vAstavavAda (Realism) nAza pAmatAM baTTenDa rasela tene navuM svarUpa ApavA prayatna kare che paNa tenuM mukha ane gati paNa vijJAnavAda tarapha ja rahe che. elekajhAnDara navA prakArano evolyuzana ke vikAsavAda mAne che, jemAM vikAsanI zreNImAM dareka pagale navIna aMze praveze che. tene mATe mane paNa bIjA padArtho bhege eka padArtha che, ane vikAsakramamAM amuka amuka zArIrika sthitithI te niSpanna thAya che. tenA mata pramANe mana eka jJAnataMtujanya padArtha che. paNa pAcho te kahe che ke manathI svataMtra rIte jJAnataMtuno e vikAra kadI jovAmAM AvatuM nathI. AmAM UMDA UtarIe te ene artha e ke mananA vyApArane lIdhe jJAnataMtumAM vikAra thAya che, ane jJAnataMtu e mananuM utpAdaka kAraNa nathI, paNa tenuM taMtra che, tene vyakta thavAnuM sAdhana ke vAritra che. jUnA jaDavAdane je deSa lAgato hato te ja Ane lAge che. vartamAna jamAnAne trIjo samartha tatvajJa bagasare che. tene prasiddha siddhAnta "jIvanatattva'ne che, jene mATe te navuM "elan vital" pada keje che. tenA kahevA pramANe samudramAM eka moTuM mejuM pharI vaLe paNa te aMte dUra jaIne kayAMka aTakI jAya che, tema A jIvanatatvamAM eka mejuM prasaratuM jAya che, paNa e jIvanatattvane chevaTe rodha thAya che ane tyAM e mejuM baMdha paDe che; tyAM jANe jIvanatattva parAjita thAya che, kazAka vinathI kuMThita thAya che ane e parAjita jIvanatatva e ja jaDavatu (matter)! paNa prazna thAya che ke je jIvanatatvae eka ja satpadArtha hoya te tene vina AvyuM kyAMthI ? AnuM eka ja samAdhAna hoI zake ke e jaDa vastu paNa e jIvanatattvanuM ja pariNAma che. e jIvanatatvane parAjaya nathI, paNa je prayeAjana ke hetuthI jIvanatatva prANIomAM pragaTa thAya che te ja projanathI te jaDamAM pragaTa thayuM hatu. A pramANe vartamAna jamAnAnI philasUphInuM eka lakSaNa e gaNI zakAya ke tatvajJAna vijJAnanI bhUmikA upara racavAmAM Ave che. temAM ApaNe joI zakIe chIe ke te jaDamAthI jIvana tarapha ane jIvanamAMthI adhyAtma taraka pragati kare che. 21. pR. 159 22, pR. 805

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5 'cAlu jamAnAnI philasUphInuM eka bIjuM lakSaNa AnaMdazaMkara e jaNAve che ke tavazAstrIo jagatanuM svarUpa sthirane badale gatimAna mAnavA lAgyA che. elekajhAnDarane ane basane vikAsavAda evo che. Ama thavAnuM kAraNa vijJAnanA Adhunika siddhAnta jaNAya che. jUnuM bhautika vijJAna jaDa ane zaktine mAnatuM ane temAM jaDa sthira ke dhruva padArtha hato je zakitathI gatimAna thatA. navuM vijJAna kazAne sthira mAnavuM nathI, ane dravyane paNa vidyudaNuonI racanA, zaktine ja eka racanAprakAra mAne che. AnI asara tattvajJAna upara thaI paNa AnaMdazaMkara cogya kahe che ke A sAmenA cheDAnI bhUla che. tattvanuM kharuM svarUpa kevala dhruva ke kevala gatimAna nathI, paNa gati ke vikAramAM rahelI sthiratA che, vikAranA aMtaramAM rahelI ekatA che. ane pariNAmavAdane siddhAnta ke e vikAra Agantuka nathI, paNa vastunA svarUpamAM gUDha rUpe rahela hatA, e siddhAntane ulaMghI zakAya ema nathI. Ama mAnavAthI philasUphInI ghaNuM gAMThe UkalavAno saMbhava che. bagasA ke elekajhAnDaranA vikAsavAdamAM je navIna tatvanA pravezane svIkAra Ave che, te navIna tattva pahelethI ja e satpadArthamAM hatuM ema mAnavuM e ja prAmANika che. basAnA jIvanatattvane naDatuM vina ke prAtarodha eka rIte tatvajJAna ke dhArmika darzananI jUnI gUMcanuM navuM svarUpa jaNAya che. Izvara saMpUrNa hovA chatAM jagata apUrNa, samaryAda, pApI, nirbaLa kema che? e tattvajJAnano jUne prazna hate. basa Izvarane sRSTinI pAra mUkavAne badale, te jIvanatattvane jagatamAM ja pragaTa thatuM nirUpe che, ane jagatamAM upalabdha thatI apUrNatA ke mayadA ke pApane te e jIvanatattvane pratirodha, kaI vina mAne che. mane lAge che ke adhiSThAna satanA svarUpane ane te svarUpanAM sarva arthApanna pariNAmene samajIe to AvI zaMkAne sthAna na rahe. e satpadAthe je dikakAla upAdhi rahita hoya, arthAta dezakAla e satpadArthane lIdhe che paNa e satpadArtha e dezakAlanI para che, e dezakAlamAM AvirbhAva pAmavA chatAM svabhAvathI dezakAlathI askRSTa che, e barAbara samajIe te A apUrNatA ke pApapuNyanuM kaMTha ApaNane eTaluM gUMcavaNabhareluM lAgaze nahi. satpadArthane jema eka kahe e doSa che, kAraNake ApaNuM saMkhyAgaNanA paNa dezakAlaniSpAdya che, tema tene apUrNa kahevuM e paNa anupapanna che. e svabhAvathI pUrNa ja hoI zake kAraNake e je apUrNa hota to ApaNane pUrNatAne khyAla paNa na AvI zakata, kAraNake A jagata tenA vaDe ja che.

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have e pUrNa ane dezakAla pAra rahe satpadArtha je kAlamAM AviSkAra pAme, te kAlamAM rahelA-kAlanI A pAra rahelA ApaNe, je tene kAlanA harakeI eka ja bindue joI zakIe chIe te, tene apUrNa ane maryAdita ja joI zakIe. tenI kAla pAra rahelI pUrNatA, kAlamAM te anaMtakAlasAdhya pUrNatA ja banI zake. ane tethI kAlanA keIpaNa eka bindue ApaNane te apUrNa ja bhAse. enuM siddha pUrNasvarUpa (jo ke A badhI bhASA paNa ApaNu kAlagata jagatanI che) ApaNane mAtra sAdhya rUpe ja bhAse! ApaNe kAla pAra joI zakIe te ja tene tenA kharA pUrNa svarUpamAM joI zakIe. mATe ja kRti kahe che ke e brahmatattva pUrNa che, ane te dezakAlamAM AviSkAra pAme te paNa svarUpathI pUrNa ja rahe che. A daSTie, bhayadA e tattvanI nahi paNa sApekSa eTale ApaNuM maryAdA banI rahe che paNa pazcimanA tattvajJAnamAM temane sarvatra virodha ja nathI maLato. ITalInA be mahAna tattvajJAnIo, koce ane tene vAtikakAra jenTAIla bane advaitavAdI che. ane AcArya AnaMdazaMkara jenTAilanAM keTalAMka avataraNa mUkI pUche che "AmAMnuM keTaluM badhuM bhagavadgItAnuM jaNAya che." badhu jevA chatAM eka vastu manamAM sadAya rahI jAya che ke daitathI jagatane khulAso nathI thato e kharuM, paNa jo eka ja advitIya tatva heya te temAMthI A aneka zI rIte thayuM ? vedAnta kahe che ke e anekatva mithyA che, te avidyA ke mAyAne lIdhe bhAse che, ane e mAyA paNuM brahmanI ja zakti che. e brahma ane mAyAne saMbaMdha ke paramatattva ane mithyA jagatano saMbaMdha manamAM besatuM nathI. mATe ja tene anivacca kahelo che. te vANIne viSaya nathI eTaluM ja nahi paNa manane paNa viSaya nathI. have jo Ama ja haiya, te jema daitathI khulAse na thayo ne tane asvIkAra karyo tema A advaitane paNa asvIkAra zA mATe na karo ? ema karavuM e manuSyabuddhinuM devALuM kADhavA barAbara che e kharuM, paNa pAse jJAnavira ja na hoya to peTA jJAnasikkAne jhAlI rAkhavAthI zo phAyado ? Ane javAba AnaMdazaMkara eka jagAe Ape che. svIkAra asvIkArano chello prazna teo ApaNuM anubhavane pUche che. ApaNe anubhava evo che ke nahi, ke ApaNAmAM thatA vikArothI jyAre ApaNe Urdhva jaIe, tyAre ema lAge che ke have huM mArA kharA svarUpamAM Avyo 23 e vikAra ApaNAmAM ja thayelo rame chatAM ApaNuM zuddha svarUpa tenAthI Urdhva rahevAmAM hatuM, 23. 5, 250

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27 * che che tyAM sAkSA* e ane ApaNuM ja anubhava ! bannene saMbaMdha ApaNe paNa ekane zuddha ane bIjAne mithyA kahyA vinA, bIjI rIte varNavI zakatA nathI. te e anivacce saMbaMdha je che te svIkAravo e ja pramANazuddha mArga che. ane A jagata mithyA24 hovA chatAM te brahmanI zaktithI ja cAle che temAM vyavasthA, bhautika vijJAna, nIti, saundarya, pragati, prema, AnaMda, mekSa e sarvane sthAna che. temAM kaI jagAe mArga avaruddha nathI. ane ApaNe samajavuM joIe ke satyanI samajaNa mATe adhikAranI paNa jarUra che. nIti ane premane zuddharUpe vizALa anubhava karyA vinA, e dvArA ApaNe abhedane anubhava zI rIte karI zakIe ? jyAM sudhI mANasa paNutA ane kAyaratAthI bharelo che, AnaMdazaMkara kahe che tema sAMsArika sukhanuM ekeka TapakuM cAlyA kare che, tyAMsudhI tene zuddha anubhava zI rIte maLavAne? ane jyAM anubhavanI jaUNapa che tyAM buddhi ekalI zuM samajavAnI hatI. eTale vedAnta samajyA pachI, tenA satyane sAkSAtkAra karavA puruSArthanI jarUra che. te AcArya Ana daza kare jema pAzcAtya darzanazAstro ane vijJAnanA siddhAntonI parIkSA karI che tema temaNe ApaNuM vizAla dharmasAhityanI 24. vedAntacarcAmAM ane A pustakamAM mithyA zabda eka ne eka arthamAM vaparAtuM ja nathI. AnaMdazaMkare Apelo khoLane dAkhalo laIe. divase rAA UMce caDhata dekhAya che. vAstavika rIte pRthvI phare che, sUrya UMce caDhato haito nathI. satya jANatAM dekhAva mithyA hato e kharu. paNa satya jANyA pachI, e satyathI ja mithyA dekhAvane pUre khulAsA thaI zake che. have vedAntamAM vedAntI kahe che "A paridazyamAna jagata mithyA che." "vAra, tyAre satya zuM che?" vedAntI kaheze: " brahma satya che. " " tyAre have e brahmathI A parizyamAna jagata kevI rIte dekhAya tene khulAse karI Apo." tyAre vedAntI kahezeH "je mizyA che, te kadI hatuM ja nahi, je trikAlamAM nahotuM tene vaLI khulAse zo ? (ApaNe dha pR. ra99) ahI mithyA zabda judA judA arthamAM vaparAya che. vaLI A mithyAtva sAme eka bIje vAdha jaNAya che. je jagata mithyA hoya, to jagatanA nItinA ane premanA vyavahAramAM abhedane anubhava thAya che ema zI rIte kahe che ? miththAmAM satyane anubhava zakaya zI rIte bane che. Ane javAba vedAntanI daSTie eTalo ja ApI zakAya ke brahma ane jagatane saMbadha anirvAcya che. mAyA sata paNa nathI, asata paNa nathI. A yAla jagatanA ApaNA sarva anubhavothI atyanta vilakSaNa che ane mATe ja brahma-mAyAne saMbaMdha anirvA kahe che. paNa jagata pArane anubhava jagatanA anubhavathI vilakSaNa hoya temAM navAI che? 25. pR. 286

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28 paNa parIkSA karI che. ane A parIkSAmAM temanI nirUpaNapaddhatinI vica kSaNutA vadhAre jaNAI Ave che. atyAra sudhI ApaNe je pazcimanA bhautika vijJAnanI ane tattvazAstranI parIkSA karI te mukhyatve tarkathI--kASTa kharAkha arthamAM nahi paNa satyazASaka tarkathI karI. paNa ApaNA dharmanA viSecanamAM tA temaNe dharmanAM dhAM aMgA joyAM che. ane e ja tarkazuddhithI badhAM aMgAne ghaTAvyAM che. dharma e AtmAnI kAI eka ja vRtti ke khaMDa nathI, paNa samasta AtmAmAM vyApanAra che, teA AtmAnI sarva zakti dhama~nmukha thAya e ja svAbhAvika che. sAce! dharma AtmAnI sarve bhinna bhinna zaktithI pragaTa thAya. eTaluM ja nahi, sarva prakAranA adhikArIAne sarva prakAranA mAnaveAne anukULa Ave tevAM rUpe! le. ApaNe deza vizAla che ane ApaNI saMskRtinA itihAsa Ne! lAMkheA che; jIvanta dharma, judA judA dezakAla pramANe juduM juduM rUpa le e svAbhAvika che. ApaNA dharmanI mahattA, apUrvatA ane vizALatA A sarvemAM rahelI che evI AnaMdazaMkaranI zraddA che, evA anubhava che, ane enI preraNAthI e A sAhityamAM pravRtta thayA che. dharmanA ATalA vaividhyane viSaya karavAne hAvAthI emanI nirUpaNupati ApaNA dharmanI carcAmAM aneka rUpe ahu kauzalathI le che. ApaNA dharmanI carcAmAM emanA eka phALA e gaNavA joie ke temaNe ApaNA dharmanI sarvadezIyatA kharAkhara batAvI. ApaNA dharmamAM meAkSanA traNa mukhya mArgo gaNAtA hatA. kamamArga, bhaktimArge, ane jJAnamArga. keTalAka AmAMnA ekanA ja Agraha rAkhatA ane khIjAne niSedha karatA. keTalAka ekane Agraha karatAM khIjAne gauNa mAnatA. tenA samAdhAna mATe temAMnA be traNanA samuccayavAdya racAyA. have mAtra samuccayathI virodhI pakSAnuM vyAvahArika gharSaNa zamI zake, paNa e mananuM samAdhAna nathI. AcArya AnaMdazaMkare enuM samAdhAna, pazcimanA mAnasazAe svIkArela mananI trividhazaktimAM joyuM. mANasanI truddhi ke tarkazaktine mATe jJAnamArga, tenI lAgaNI mATe bhaktimArga ane icchAzakti ke kriyAzakti mATe karmamArga Avazyaka che. ane mananI A trividha zakita hAvA chatAM e yAda rAkhavuM joie ke AnaMdaza Mkarane buddhi mATe vadhAre Adar che. ane e paNa kharuM che ke lAgaNI ane kriyA te manuSyane khIjAM prANIo sAthe sAdhAraNa che, buddhi ja tene vizeSa che. ane khuddhithI ja tenAmAM dharmamuddhi vikasI che ema paNa kahI zakAya.

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TakatA kulAcAra ezA ze a Anedazakara A pI vizada ' A trividha mArganuM AcArya AnaMdazaMkare vivecana vivaraNa nirUpaNa ane parIkSaNa karela che. kevala karmamArga, jemAM yajJayAgAdi karavAthI svargAdi maLe che, je pUrvamImAMsAne viSaya che, tene AnaMdazaMkara tattvajJAna kahevA paNa taiyAra nathI. paNa karmanA viSayamAM ApaNe AcArane ane nItine paNa samAveza karI zakIe. ane tenA upara AcAryazrIe ghaNI jagAe lakheluM che. ApaNAmAM mANasa mANasa vaccenA vyavahAranuM niyamana karavA dharmazAstra racAyAM che, jyAM dharma zabda saMkucita arthamAM vaparAya che. hidanA lAMbA itihAsamAM ane hiMda jevA meTA pradezamAM dezakAla pramANe aneka dharmazAstro racAyAM che. ApaNe jaDa samAja e dharmazAstra,enA pramANathI TakatA kulAcAre, nAtanI rUDhio, vagerene vaLagI tAmasa aMdhakAramAM sabaDe che. tethI dharmazAstrane zo artha karavo kema kare ane tenuM prAmANya keTaluM e vize ghaNuM carcAo thayelI che. AnaMdazaMkara A zAstranuM prAmANya vAravAra carca che, ane harijananA praznane aMge temaNe enI tarkathI vizada carcA karI che. temAM temaNe eka siddhAnta khAsa kahyo che, ke TUMkA arthanA dharmanA zAstra karatAM vizAla arthanA dharmanA zAstranuM, athata dharmazAstra karatAM brahmazAstra ke adhyAtmazAstranuM pramANa uccatara che. ane tethI teo harijanonI aspRzyatA mAnatA nathI. tema ja hiMdu dharmanA be mahAna staMbharUpa gaNAtA varNAzramamAMthI varNadharma ke varNavyavasthAne hiMdudharmane mArmika aMza mAnatA nathI. e mULa ghaDAI tyAre temAM ArSadaSTi uparAMta te samayanI, dezakAlasthiti kAraNabhUta hatI. atyAranI nAtajAtane teo samAjane ahitakara mAne che, tema chatAM teo kaIka paNa prakAranA janmAnusAra varNabhedanI AvazyakatA mAne che. huM mAnuM chuM "A prazna uparano temane samagra abhiprAya temaNe "sanAtana dharmanI carcAmAM Apelo che ema gaNAya. teo kahe che ? kevaLa dareka vyaktinI svataMtratA ane nyAya vicArIne ja samAja cAlavA de hoya to varNavyavasthA na joIe; paNa janasamAjanA hitanI draSTie ja vicAra kara hoya-hitanI AgaLa nyAya ane svAtaMtryanA tattvane namAvavA hoya-te varNavyavasthA Avazyaka che. prajAne brAhmaNa, kSatriya, vaizya ane zuddha cAre varNanI jarUra che, ane tethI kaI kaImAM lepa pAmI na jAya te mATe janmAnusAra varNabhedane niyama rAkhavAnI AvazyaktA che, paNuM te janatAnA hita khAtara. jayAM janatAnuM hita ja sacavAtu na hoya-jemake hAlanI nAtajAtanI . 26, pR. 682

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sthitimAM-tyAM sanAtana dharmane nAme khoTA varNabheda mATe Agraha dharAvo e mane yogya lAgatuM nathI. varNavyavasthA janmathI ke karmathI e lekhamAM teo , guNakarmAnusAra varNa karavAnuM kahe che, tenI ane AnI vacce ekavAkyatA karI zakAya. to paNa janmAnusAra vyavasthAnI varNavyavahAru zakyatAne prazna rahe che ja, je temaNe kayAMI carco nathI, ane je carcA vinA svIkArI zakAya te nathI. atyAranI varNavyavasthA guNakarmAnusAra beTI paDe che. have je janmAnusAra vyavasthA karavI hoya to atyAranI nAte teDI navu cAturvaNya racavuM joIe, jene pachIthI janmAnusAra calAvavAnuM rahe. evI navI racanA zakya che? ane ema karyA pachI tene janmAnusAra cAlu rAkhatA pharI atyAra jevI anavasthA nahi thAya tenI khAtrI che? huM mAnuM chuM teo varNavyavasthAne dharmane viSaya na gaNatAM samAjazAstrane gaNe che te ja gya che. ane samAjavyavasthA mATe mAtra nyAya ke svataMtratAnuM dRSTibindu basa nathI, e emanuM kahevuM yathArtha che. bIjI rIte kahIe te atyAranA sarva samAjazAstroe adhyAtmazAstranuM uparipaNuM svIkAravuM joIe. AzramavyavasthAne teo varNavyavasthA karatAM vizeSa karIne dharmane viSaya gaNe che. jIvana puruSArtha mATe che, mATe puruSArthanI vyavasthA thavI joIe. ane AthamavyavasthAthI cAre ya puruSArtha dharma artha kAma mekSanI vyavasthA thaI zake che, mATe te ISTa che. chatAM teo AnI paNa vyavahAranI muzkelI jue che. aneka jagAe caturthAzrama atyAre zakya nathI ema kahe che, ane A vyavasthAmAM paNa kaMIka pheraphAra karavA paDe ema svIkAre che. paNa A pheraphAre zA tenI carcA nathI. huM mAnuM chuM ke vyavahAranI eTalI vigata sudhI javAne temane uddeza nathI, temane uddeza. mAtra e vyavasthA nIce raheluM prajana keIpaNa rIte vyavahAramAM jIvanta rahe, saprANu rahe eTaluM ja che, ane e nahi rahe te mAnavajIvanamAM aneka avyavasthA thaze te tarapha aMgulinirdeza karavAne che. ane emanI nIti saMbaMdhI carcA jotAM temane upara kahyA te uddeza vadhAre spaSTa dIsI Ave che. nItizAstramAM amuka karma karavuM ke na karavuM e prazna nathI, paNa kartavyabuddhinA svarUpanuM nirUpaNa che. zene lIdhe koI paNa karma kartavya bane che tenuM vivaraNa che. ane ApaNe AgaLa batAvyuM tema AcAryazrIe tenI samartha carcA karI che. ApaNe AgaLa joI gayA tema teo darzAve che ke kartavyabuddhi mANasane svasiddha che, temAM mANasane

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AtmalAbha ke svarUpasiddhine AnaMda Ave che. arthAta emane mane nItine pAyo adhyAtma che. pAzcAtya nItizAstrano moTAmAM moTo prazna mANasanI svataMtra icchAzakti, bIjI rIte kahIe te mANasanuM kartava ane IzvaranuM kArayitatva, tene paNa teo vedAntadaSTie khulAse kare che, ke jIvadaSTie chava pite svataMtra IcchAzaktivALo che, paNa IzvarasRSTimAM IzvaranuM ja kArayitva che, ane chatAM Izvara jIvanA pApapuNyane kartA nathI. Izvara badhu karate chate karmathI nirlipta che. 27 ra7., mULa zabda A pramANe che: "jIvane upAdhikRta kartavya che, paNa kAracitRtva to IzvaranuM ja che." (pR. 288) AgaLa jatAM pR. 296me kahe che: zAkara vedAntIomAnA, keTalAka mAyA ane avidyA ema be bheda pADIne mAyA prabhunI gaNe che ane avidyA jIvanI gaNe che-eTale mAyAmAM lapaTAvA-pI avidyAmAM chava pite ja kAraNa rahe che, ane Izvarane mAthe ene deSa caDhate nathI " mAyAmAM lapaTAvAmAM jIva pote ja kAraNa rahe che, ene arthe ja e ke emAM jIvanuM svataMtrakatRtva che. pR, 25me kahe che: "vidyAraNyamuni paNa IzvarasRSTi ane jIvasRSTi evA sRSTinA be bheda pADIne kahe che ke jJAne karIne jIvasRSTine nAza karI zakAya che, IzvarasRSTine nAza karI zakAtuM nathI, ane karavAnI jarUra paNa nathI." arthAta jJAnathI jIvasRSTi vilaya pAmatA jIvanuM kartutva rahetu nathI, mAtra IzvaranuM kAracitRtva rahe che. temanA ja zabdomAM kahIe to "ekanuM kartutva bIjAnA kArayitRtvamA vilIna thaI jAya che ane A rIte jIvanA kartatvane IzvaranA kArayitRtvamAM samAveza thaI. chevaTanuM kartava IzvaranuM ja rahe che." (pR 289) " . ' ahIM eka bAbatano khulAse athavA spaSTatA karavAnI jarUra che ema mane jaNAya che. upara jaNAvela IzvarakatvanA samarthanamAM kahe che: "jema amuka mahAniyamothI jaDa sRSTi badhAelI che tema amuka mahAnicamethI jIvanuM kartRtva paNa baMdhAeluM che-e katRtva paramAtmAnA mahAniyamone uthApIne baneluM nathI udAharaNa tarIke eka A niyama suprasiddha che ke jema ApaNe kheTAM karmo karIe chIe tema tema ApaNAmAM khATI lAlacA-rAgadveSAdi sAme Takkara jhIlavAnuM sAmarthya ghaTe che; tema ja jema jema ApaNe satkarmo karIe chIe tema tema ApaNe Udavepatha-utsarpiNI mati-saraLa thAya che. have kahe ke A niyame ApaNe pite racyA che ? nA ja ApaNI bahAra kaIka zakti che jeNe racI mUkelA niyamone anyathA karIne kAI paNa karI zakavAnuM ApaNuM svAtaMtrya nathI. e zaktine lai, paramAtmAnu katva sarvatra-jyAM ApaNuM kartutva bhAre che tyAM paNa siddha che." have chavabhAva TaLatA ahaMkAra sAthe vakatRtva paNuM laya pAme ane mAtra

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Izvara rahe e samajAya evuM che. paNa ema na thayuM hoya tyAMsudhI uparanA niyamamAM rahIne jIvane karma karavAnAM heya che, ane e niyamone cha anyathA karI zakato nathI, teTalA ja uparathI jIvanI dRSTie jIvanA kartutvane bAdha Avate nathI. ema bAdha Ave te vidhiniSedha arthahIna thaI jAya. jIva ja bhAsamAna che, te tenuM kartava paNa bhAsamAna che ja, paNa tethI anya rIte jIvanuM kartava bhAsamAna gaNuM zakAya nahi; huM mAnuM chuM ke jIvanuM upAdhikRta katva che ene bAdha na Ave evI rIte A dalIla samajavI joIe. bIrja AcArya AnaMdazaMkara pR. 192me kahe che: "jagatanI lAlaca ane e lAlaco asara kare evuM manuSyanA mananA svarUpanuM ttva huM paramAtmAnuM mAnuM chuM, jIvanuM nahi." paNa Ama mAnIe to jIvanI avidyAne rtA paNa Izvara na thaI jAya ane avidyA to anAdi che. (pR. ra98) pR. 299me kahyuM che ke "jIvanuM jIvapaNuM enuM ja nAmAntara vidyA che, ane avidyAnuM pratIta thavuM emAM ja jIvanuM jIvapaNuM che-arthAta chavabhAva ane avidyA eka ja vastusthitinAM be nAma che." ane avidyA eTale ja viSaya tarapha meha tho e nahi ? pR. 25me TAyelA vidyAraNya svAmInA abhiprAyanuM svArasya e che ke mekSa eTale jIvasRSTine nAza IzvarasRSTine nahi. ane tyAM meha thata aTaka ene ja mokSa athavA jIvasRSTine nAza kahe che. " jJAna thatAM, A jagatanA te te padArtho nAza pAmaze vA dekhAtA aTakaze ema samajavAnuM nathI; padArtho to raheze ane dekhAze, paNa e padArthomAthI jJAnIne moha UThI jaze, eTale pachI e bandhartA raheze nahi." huM mAnuM chuM ke viSaya taraphane meha thavAne jIvane ravabhAva Izvarakartaka mAnavAnI jarUra nathI. e jIvanI avidyA che. jIvanuM jIvapaNuM che. eTale jIvane ApI zake evuM viSayanuM svarUpa Izvarakaka raheze. alabata jIvasRSTi ane IzvarasRSTi bene bhinna mAnIe te ja A prazna thAya nahitara na thAya. ane ahIM AnaMdazaMkare che ke eka khulAse karavA tene upayoga kare che paNa vedAntasiddhAnta tarIke teo tene svIkAratA hoya ema jaNAtuM nathI. pR. 296 ane tenI AsapAsane saMdarbha jotA tyAM e vedAntanAM judAM jadAM maMtavya pramANe chevatvane khulAse karatA hoya ema jaNAya che. pU. 65rame zaMkarajayantInA vyAkhyAnamAM teo Ane uttama koTine siddhAnta mAnatA nathI ema spaSTa thAya che. ahIM eka karI prazna thavAno saMbhava cheH chava viSaya tarapha AkarSAya, ane viSaya jIvane AkarSa e varatutAe eka ja nathI? ane e eka ja hoya te tene udabhava ekamAMthI ja he joIeAne eka skUla daSTie javAba e che ke paga ane pagane mAphaka AvatuM me e banenAM udbhavasthAne bhinna hoI de. paNa sAro javAba e che ke jIvanI vidyA ane IzvaranI mAyA e bahAnI eka ja zakinanAM pariNAma che. ane tethI AvI zakAne sthAna nathI.

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33 2 * jIvaSTie jIvanuM kartRtva ane IzvarasRSTimAM zvaranuM kArayitatva ane chatAM karmanirliptatA, emAM krAne virAdha jaNAya. paNa e virASaM ke virodhAbhAsa sarvanA mULamAM rahelA che. kalAnA kSetramAM paNa evA ja virAdha ke virAdhAbhAsa che. A jagatamAM suMdara-asuMdara satrIka azrIka ane prakAranI vastuo che. sarvanA kartA. zvara che. paNa te parathI azrIka vastunA nirmANane doSa ApaNezvarane daI zakIzuM ? nahi ja. azrIka vastunA nirmANanA deSathI ApaNe zvarane alipta ja kahIzuM..-28 ane mATe ja sannIkavastunirmANukathI paNa ene alipta ja kahevA paDaze, chatAM mANasane suMdara ane bhavya vastumAM IzvaranuM darzana thAya che, suMdara vastu tene mATe upAdeya che, anya nahi, e tene mATe satya che.29 arthAta ApaNe jene sundara-asundara kahIe chIe te jIvasRSTinAM che, ane enuM kartRtva zvaranuM hAvA chatAM te tenAthI nirlipta che. te ja pramANe ApaNA mArgamAM praleAbhaka viSaye vistAranAra Izvara che, ane chatAM e karmathI e lipta thatA nathI. e ja pramANe temaNe bhaktimArga upara paNa ghaNuM lakhyuM che. AnaMdazakaranA jJAna ane khuddhinA Adara ane Agraha jANItA che. paNa enA artha evA nathI ke te bhaktinI zakti ane rahasyanI upekSA kare che. eTaluM ja nahi, eka jagAe te prattiyeAgathI ajJAnanA AvaraNanA bhaMga thaI jJAnasiddhi thAya, ane ene vyAvahArika jIvanamAM praveza thAya enuM ja nAma brAhnI sthiti ema kahe che.30 mane peAtAne jaNAyuM che ke uMmara, thatAM temanAM lakhANAnA eka bhakti tara, khAsa karIne kRSNabhakti tarapha vadhatA gayA che. A pustakanA khaDAnA lekhe| dhaNAkharA samayAnukrame mUkayA che ane temAM lagabhaga dareka khaMDamAM aMte kRSNa upara ja lekha Ave che. . 28. ATalA mATe huM jagatane IzvaranI kalA kahevAnI viruddha chuM. lAmAM kazuM ja asundara na hoI zake, ane jagatamA asundara che ema svIkAryAM vinA cAle ema nathI. e dru vinA saundaryaMbhAvanA sa'bhavatI nathI. IzvaranA uddeza ApaNe samajatA nathI, mATe te asundara lAge che ema nahi kahI zakAya kAraNake mANasamAM rahela sundara-asundara viveka, ane sundara-asundara vastunI e rUpe pratIti IzvaranA jJAna bahAra ke viruddha thAya che ema kahI zakAze nahi. IzvaranI dRSTi sundara-asundaramAM heAvA uparAMta tenI pAra jAya che e ja enA khulAsA hAI zake. ra9. A prakaraNamAM sundara-asundara kekanA karatA vadhAre prabaLa deAntanI jarUra hoya tA te zaucAzauca ke'vuM che. 30. pR. 201. vaLI juo ! 640. 5

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34 ph ' A bhaktimArgamAM paNa AnaMdaza'kara abheda ja jue che, dharmanA itihAsamAM mANasa Izvarane anekarUpe bhajatA AvyA che paNa temAM paNa mANasanI dRSTinA vikAsa abheda tarapha jAya che. pahelAM mANase zvarane nyAya cUkavanAre rAjA tarIke bhanmyA, pachI pitA tarIke bhajyA tyAre jIva' ane IzvaranA saMbaMdha vadhAre nikaTanA thaze. A nikaTatA IzvaranI mAtA rUpanI, sakhA rUpanI, ane chevaTe pati ke patnI rUpanI bhaktimAM vadhatI jAya che ane chevaTe to kRSNa ane rAdhA ane rAdhA ane kRSNamAM bheda rahetA nathI. jeTaleA rAdhAne kRSNa mATe prema che teTalA ja kRSNane rAdhA mATe prema che. A pramANe bhaktinAM mULa ane preraNA paNa AdhyAtmika abhedamAM ja rahelAM che. eka prazna thaze. jo jIva ane Izvara bhinna na heAya teA jIvane zvara mATe bhakti ke prema kema saMbhave ? eTale jIva ane zviranuM daita mAnavuM joIe. nItine mATe Avazyaka manAelA dvaita jevuM A daita che. ane tenA khulAsA paNa tyAM ApelA hatA tenA te ja che. brahmabhAvamAM e bheda nathI, ane je sarvatra brahmadarzana kare che tene mATe Izvarabhakti jevuM rahetuM nathI. bhaktanuM kazuM ja nathI, badhuM prabhunuM ja che, pachI bhakta karyAM rahyo ? paNa jyAMsudhI e bhAva nathI thayA tyAMsudhI jIvasRSTi che, ane e che te Izvara che, ane temAM Izvaraprema e abheda tarapha laI janArA, ane AdhyAtmika abhedane sUcavanArA mArga che. e abheda che mATe ja A prema che. eTaluM ja nahi, e abheda che mATe ja premanAM khIjA svarUpe paNa zakya che. e eka ja abheda nItirUpe tema ja premarUpe pragaTa thAya che. A Izvara e ja saguNa brahma, ane zAMkara vedAnta tenA niSedha karatuM nathI. AnaMdazaMkaranI bhaktimAM kRSNa nirguNu brahma ke AdhiSTAna sat rUpa che, zakarAcAryanA saguNa brahmarUpa paNa che, ane zviranuM pUrNAvatAra svarUpa paNa che. te mahAbhAratanA viSayabhUta aitihAsika kRSNa ane mahAbhAratamAM kavikalpanAe mahimAvaMta karela kRSNane viveka kare che. ane e mahimAvanta kRSNa, e ja saguNa ane nirguNa brahma che.' ane e saguNazrAnI teo bhakti kare che. *, dharmamAM bhaktine sthAna ApIne tenA vizAla artha karIne ane tenA rahasyamAM UtarIne temaNe purANa, saMtavANI, mUrtipUjAne samarthita karyuM, ane A sarvamAM itihAsanA ghaNA lAMbA kALamAM brAhmaNeAe ApelA mahattvanA kALA khadala brAhmaNeAnA aitihAsika Adara karyo, ane temane nindAmAMthI

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uThA. purANe satI mAtra tarkathI ja sajA haka uddhAya. purANe saMtavANI kAvya e sarvane dharmasAhityamAM sthAna che, kAraNake jagatanuM parama satya kaMI, mAtra tarkathI ja samajAtuM nathI, kalpanAthI paNa samajAya che, ane kalpanAne tene pitAnI rIte nirUpita karavAne haka che. temanA vizAla vAcanathI aneka samartha aMgreja lekhakanA matathI teo A abhiprAyane samarthita kare che. vITasa te kahe che ke philasUphIne je bhAga kAvyamAM Utare che te ja amara bane che. DIna Iga paNa evuM ja kahe che, ane pre. yuarTa ethI paNa AgaLa jaI kahe che ke buddhi nahi paNa kalpanA e ja manuSyane pazu thakI bhedaka guNa che. eTale purANone dharmakAvya tarIke samajavA prayatna karavo joIe. ane je jagatanA badhA padArthomAM Izvarane vAsa hovA chatAM navIne suMdara sUryAstamAM ke evA keI prAkRtika dazyamAM IzvaranuM darzana karatA hoya, te bhakta mUrtidvArA paNa Izvarane bhajI zake. tyAM Izvara nathI ema te nathI ja ! Izvara aMtaryAmI hovAthI bhaktanI bhaktine sAcA svarUpamAM ja pArakhaze. bhakti jyAM hoya tyAM IzvaranI ja hoI zake. A rIte AnaMdazaMkare purANe mUrtipUjA ane brAhmaNe traNeyane nyAya Ape e paNa noMdhavuM joIe. trIje jJAnamArga. ApaNA dharmamAM kadAca prAcInamAM prAcIna kAlathI A mArga paramatatvanI gaSaNa thaI che. ApaNuM tattvajJAnanuM sAhitya ghaNuM vividha ane vizALa che. TheTha vedakALathI zarU thaI te AjasudhI-ApaNI sImA lokamAnya TiLakanA karmayoga sudhI te vikasatu rahyuM che. AcArya AnaMdazaMkare mAtra vaidika darzanane ja nahi paNa jaina bauddha vagere brAhmaNetara darzanene paNa abhyAsa karyo che, e darzanane teo brAhmadharma-hindudharmanI ja zAkhAo gaNe che. ApaNu darzanazAstromAM ghaNe bhAge eka bIjAnuM khaMDana ghaNuM AvatuM hovAthI te saMbaMdhI sAmAnya samajaNa evI pravarte che ke e sarva darzane ekabIjAnAM vireAdhI che. AcArya AnaMdazaMkaranI A viSayanI viziSTa sevA eM ke darzanene virodha dUra rAkhI temAM temaNe eka prakAranuM ekatva joyuM. sarve tattvajJAnane sAra upaniSadamAM che. enuM zravaNa kya pachI e parama satyanuM darzana kevI rIte karavuM-tene anubhavamAM kevI rIte utAravuM tenA bhinna bhinna prayatnomAMthI A darzanazAstro thayAM che. eka ja vikAsakramamAM te judAM judA pagathiyAM che. eno artha evo nathI, ke pachInA darzanathI AgaluM darzana lupta thaI gayuM hatuM. AnadazaMkara kahe che, eka ja parvata uparathI eka sAthe jharatA jharaNuMnI piThe A darzana vahyA

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karyo che, paNa temAM vikAsane A tarkagamya siddhAnta rahela che. upaniSadenuM rahasya anubhavagamya na thavAnuM kAraNa sAMkhe prakRtipuruSane aviveka jaNAvyo. vege ene viveka anubhavagamya karavAnI paddhati zodhI. ane - ema karavAmAM AMtara prakRtinuM savizeSa avalokana karyuM. nyAyazeSike kevaLa tarkathI Izvarane siddha karavA anumAnapaddhatine upayoga karyo. ane A paddhati bhautika vijJAnanI hovAthI sAmAnya mANasane e vadhAre sarala lAgI. pUrvamImAMsAne, AgaLa kahyuM tema, teo darzana gaNatA nathI. vedAnta sAMkhya pega bannenA devane parihAra karI temAMthI niSpanna thatuM abheda tatva svIkAryuM. prakRti alabata vikArI che, paNa tenA vikAramAM paNa racanAnI, caitanyanI chApa che. vikAritva prakRtinuM pitAnuM nathI ema na kahI zakAya kAraNake pariNAmavAda pramANe e enuM na hoya te bahArathI AvI zake nahi, ane chatAM e enuM pitAnuM nathI, kAraNake prakRti aMdha che, ane A vikAritva te yojanAvALuM che. mATe vedAnta prakRti ane puruSa bannene eka gaNyAM. 1 yAga pAsethI vedAnta dhyAnAdi sAdhane lIdhAM, tenuM IzvarapraNidhAna svIkAryuM paNa IzvarasvarUpa te yoganA puruSavizeSanuM nahi, paNa dareka puruSamAM rahelA samaSTisvarUpanuM. alabata A jotAM nyAyazeSikane phALe khAsa dekhAtuM nathI, sivAya ke teNe sUkSma anumAnapaddhati ApI. arthAta sAMkhyayoga jevAM nyAyavaizeSika vedAnatane upakAraka na gaNya ane bIjI taraphathI jotAM dArzanika vicAravikAsanI dRSTie bauddha darzane vedAntane vadhAre upakAraka paNa gaNAya. paNa AcArya AnaMdazaMkare darzanazAstra mATe ApelI A daSTi mahattvanI che. temane pratipAdya viSaya abheda che tethI temanA lekhamAM vedAnta jeTalo anya darzanene, ane veidika darzane jeTalo bauddha jaina darzanene ullekha nathI AvatuM, paNa e darzane vize emaNe jeTaluM lakhyuM che, te uparathI temane te darzanene talasparzI abhyAsa ane e darzana vizenI temanI lAkSaNika dRSTi jaNAI Ave che. bauddha ane sAMkhya darzane anIzvara darzane tarIke prasiddha che. , 31. sAmAnya rIte Izvara jagatane kartA manAya che tenAthI A bhinna che. sAmAnya matamAM, jemake naicAcikenA matamAM, jagatanuM upAdAna kAraNa ane Izvara banene bhinna mAnavAmAM Ave che, ane tethI aneka tarka thAya che, je prakRti purAnA abhedamAM nirakAza thaI jAya che. jagatanA upAdAnane IzvarathI bhinna mAnavAthI Izvarane upAdAnanA svarUpane vaza vartavAnI AvazyakatA UbhI thAya, je tenI sarvazaktimattAne bAdhaka nIvaDe. bane abheda mAnavAthI e bAdha raheto nathI. temaja jagatanA anAdivathI IzvaranA astitvane bAdha Avato nathI.

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37 paNa AnaMdazaMkara e darzane ApaNane judI dRSTithI jovA kahe che. mudda bhagavAna te eka jagAe brahmaprAptinA ullekha kare che. ane tyAM brahmanI mithyA vAtA karavAne khale tenI prAptinAM sAdhanA' upara' bhAra mUke che. A 'sAdhananA Agraha sAdhyanA niSedhanA arthamAM levAyeA ane bauddha darzana anIzvaravAdI thayAM. sAMkhyadarzane prakRtipuruSanA vivekanuM pratipAdana karatAM brahma saMbaMdhI mauna rAkhyuM te mauna niSedhanA arthamAM levAyuM. ane sAMkhyanA mULa sthApaka kapilamuni nirIzvaravAdI naheAtA ema emaNe pratipAdana paNa karyuM. anekAntavAda ke syAdvAda janAnA pramANuzAstramAM viziSTa kALA che e prasiddha che, ane e vAdanAM mULa paNa kyAMthI kyAMthI maLI Ave che te temaNe khatAveluM che. paNa e vAda nIce te janadharmanI udAra ahisAvRtti jue che, te temanI vizeSa dRSTi che. ahI e paNa umeravuM joie ke AhAravyavahAramAM hindu jeTale aMze ahiMsa siddha karI che, tene mATe kAI paNa jaina jeTaluM abhimAna AcAryazrI dharAve che. bauddha jaina ane vaidika e traNeyane teo hindudharmanI traNa zAkhAo mAne che ane naitika siddhAntamAM ane AdhyAtmika unnati saMpAdana karavAnA 'AcAramAM rahelI ekatA tarapha sarvenuM lakSa dAre che. temanI dRSTie jaina thayA vinA brAhmaNa thavAtuM nathI, ane brAhmaNa thayA vinA jaina thavAtuM nathI, 32 AvI rIte zAstranI sUkSmatA jotAM chatAM, temanI dRSTi temAM gUMcavAI nathI jatI paNa zAstrane vizALa dRSTithI samagrarUpe joI teo ApaNane navuM dRSTibindu Ape che, navA samanvaya batAve che, ' AcArya AnaMdazaMkare sarvadharmesamanvayanA prazna carcyA che. ApaNe upara joyA te karma bhakti ane jJAnamArganA viziSTa bhedane lIdhe dharmomAM bhinnatA Ave che. A bRdhA dharmoM tarapha ApaNA bhAva zA have joie ? paradharma tarapha dveSa ke.upekSA e te hInabhAva che. keTalAka dharmanI ekatAne ISTa gaNe che ane tene sAdhavA mATe sarva dharmAMnA sAmAnya aMzA jevA ke zvara, bhakti ane sadAcAra, tene grahaNa karavA. ema kahe che. AnaMdaza Mkara cegya rIte, A nirvizeSa sAmAnya (abstract) ne daridra khIjI rIte kahIe teA nIrasa kahe che. eka rIte kahIe teA kAvya ane dharma bannenuM svArasya savizeSa sAmAnyamAM raheluM che ema kahI zakAya. ethI UlaTA mArga ke badhA dharmonA tantu meLavIne tenA eka paTa banAvavA e paNa eTale ja kRtrima ane nIrasa mArga che. peAtAnA dharmane mukhya mAnaveA ane 32. pR. 5, 670

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38 anyane gaNu mAnavA e paNa uttama bhAva nathI-temAM paradharma tarapha pUrata Adara raheto nathI. kharo mArga teo e darzAve che ke sarva dharmo tarapha Adara rAkhavo ane ekadharmamAM niSThA rAkhavI. ethI AgaLa jaIne kahe che ke sva ane sarvane bheda pIgALI daI svadharmamAM sarva dharmane ane sarva dharmamAM svadharmane je paNa e paNa kyAre zakya bane ke ApaNe dharmane kevaLa bahArathI pakaDI na rAkhatAM, AtmAmAM utArIe, AtmAnA sattvamAM meLavI daIe. arthAta ahIM paNa AnaMdazaMkara adhyAtmadaSTine ja mahattvanI gaNe che. e ja dharmanuM kharuM svarUpa che. 34 samagra ghacarcAmAMthI niSpanna thatI emanI zraddhA emaNe nIcenAM evAmAM mUkI che 35 jIva paramAtmA che, jagata paNa paramAtmA che, chatAM paramAtmA ubhaya thakI adhika che-chatAM kevala advitIya che. enI sAthe enAthI UMce, enAthI nIce bIju kAI ja nathIH A parama satya chatAM satyarUpe bhAsatAM nathI, e ajJAna, e ja duHkha. ajJAna e ja pApa, ajJAna e ja azuddhi enI pAra javuM e ja AnaMda, e ja parama kartavya, e ja vizuddhi tyAre have Ana dazaMkaranA mate mekSaprAptinAM sAdhane kayAM kayAM ? alabata emanI vizAla dRSTie aneka adhikArIo mATe e aneka prakAranAM sAdhane svIkAre che. vyakti potAnA svabhAvane anukUla karmamArga bhaktimArga ke jJAnamArga ke e traNeyane anusare paNa sarva prakAranA adhi-kArIo mATe temaNe keTaluMka kahyuM che. ane loke mAnelAM keTalAMka sAdhana te dharmanAM sAdhano nathI ema batAvyuM che te paNa mahattvanuM che. kevaLa karmane kazo artha nathI, paNa eno artha evo nathI ke jJAnI karma na ja kare. jJAnI karma kare, kare ja, paNa te jJAnanI daSTie yoganAM prANAyAmAdi sAdhane jIvanane bIjI rIte lAbhadAyI hoya paNa te dharmanAM sAdhane nathI e emaNe vAraMvAra spaSTa karyuM che. loke je camatkArenuM gaurava kare che, ane jene dhArmika pragatinAM cihno mAne che, ene ne dharmane kazo saMbaMdha nathI. cogadarzananI siddhione te teo gadarzananA kalaMka jevI gaNe che. 36 33. pR. 748 34. ApaNe dharmanI samasta carcAmAM kyAI sRSTinI utpattinA kramane ullekha nathI, vadhAremAM vadhAre parA ane aparA prakRtine ullekha che, ethI vizeSa sAMkhyanAM paMcIkaraNamAnuM kazuM AvatuM nathI, je batAve che ke emane mAtra mukhya vizAla siddhAntanI carcA karavI che, vigatamAM UtaravuM nathI. e paNa nedhavA jevuM che ke emaNe kayAI punarjanmane agatyanA dharmasiddhAnta tarIke gaNAvyo nathI. 35. pR. 136 36 pR. 7%

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39 alabata teo, upara kahyuM tema aneka sAdhane svIkAre che, paNa temAM kazuM gUDha ke agamya nathI, e badhA adhyAtmanA rAjamArgo che. aneka dRSTie. temaNe aneka mArge darzAvyA che. eka jagAe teo zravaNu manana ane nididhyAsana' darzAve che. anyatra teo AsurI saMpattinuM damana karI devI saMpattinI Rddhi karavAno mArga darzAve che. nIti (satkarma), jJAna, dhyAna, prema Adi sAdhanane paNa ullekha kare che. zAstramAM darzAvela maitrI karuNa muditA ane upekSA paNa temane abhisaMmata che.38 paNa e sAdhananI saMpUrNa vyavasthA teo zaMkarAcArya nirdezela sAdhanacatuSTayamAM jue che39 e saMbaMdhI temaNe aneka jagAe ullekha kare che. keIne e vastu bahu sArdI lAge, te te e UlaTo e sAdhana vyavasthAno guNa che, devuM nathI. mekSanAM sAdhane sarvagamya hoya e te ISTa che. ' paNa koIne lAge ke sAmAnya mANasa mATe e sAdhana bhale rahyAM, vizeSa adhikArIo mATe yoganAM agamya sAdhano hovAM joIe. te AnaMdazaMkarano javAba e che ke zaMkarAcArya gItAmAM arjunane madhyamAdhikArI mAne che, ane mATe e sAdhane mAne che, ane hajI duniyAM arjunanA adhikArathI AgaLa gaI nathI.40 AmAMthI e paNa phalita thAya che ke bIjA sAdhanothI keI sAdhanA karatuM hoya te paNa enI pragatinI kasoTI te A sAdhanonI siddhi ja, eTale ke nityAnityavahuviveka, vairAgya athavA IhAmutrArthaphalabhegavirAma, zama dama uparati titikSA zraddhA samAdhAna e sAdhanasaMpatti ane mumukSatva, enA jIvanamAM keTalAM UtaryA che e ja raheze, koI paNa prakAranA camatkAro ke gUDha anubhavo nahi. ane potAnI adhyAtma dazAnI parIkSA keAI paNa adhikArIe AnAthI ja karavI joIe. - AcArya AnaMdazaMkaranAM maMtavyanuM nirUpaNa ahI pUruM karI AgaLa jatAM pahelAM eka prazna ke zaMkA manamAM thavI svAbhAvika che te vicAratA jaIe. vedAntamAM AvatAM A mAyA ane brA, jIva Izvara eka daSTie kharA vaLI bIjI daSTie nahi, jIva mukta kharo ane chatAM baha, A badhuM zuM? A eka UbhI karelI zAstrIya zadajAla nathI? mane lAge che ke A gUMcavaNa eka rIte samajavA prayatna karIe to na lAge, athavA ochI thAya. ucca AdhyAtmika avasthAnuM varNana jANe adhikArI prajJAprAsAda upara Ubho che evuM karavAmAM Ave che, te upamAnano lAbha laI 37. pR. 262 38, pR. 116 39, pR. 67 40. pR. 534 ,

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ema kahI zakAya ke mANasanI AdhyAtmika pragati prAsAda upara caDavA jevI che. jema prAsAda upara caDatA jaIe ane dRSTi badalAtI jAya tema AdhyAtmika unnati sAdhatAM daSTi badalAtI jAya che. amuka sthitimAM jIva Izvara sAcAM che, paNa tethI unnatatara, ene unnatatama kahevI joIe, AdhyAtmika sthitimAM e sarva mithyA jaNAI mAtra brahma ja satya jaNAya che. sezvaravAdIone lAge ke jANe emanI sthitithI upara hevAne dAvo karavAnI A eka mAtra yukti che. vaLI evo paNa AkSepa thAya ke paramArthadaSTie Izvara paNa mithyA che ema kahyA pachI Izvarabhakti zakya rahetI nathI. paNa te sarvane javAba eTalo ja che ke hinduomAM aneka mahAna bhakata thayA che jeo vedAntIo hatA. jemane Ane kharekhara anubhava thayo che temaNe A bhinna daSTiemAM kadI azakyatA anubhavI nathI. jemane anubhava nathI emane ja A jhagaDe che. khare te A vastusthitimAM ja rahelo virodha ke virodhAbhAsa che. jaDa vastumAM ApaNe eka virodha ke virodhAbhAsa joI gayA ane te vikAra ke pariNAma vizene. vastu badalAya che, vikAra pAme che, chatAM te enI e ja che! je badalAI che te enI e kema gaNAya, enI e che te badalAIne zo artha! philasUphIne A prAcInamAM prAcIna keyaDe che. paNa te kAyaDAne lIdhe ApaNe vastusthitine niSedha nathI karatA. jema pariNamavuM e jaDane vilakSaNa dharma che, tema vadhavuM, heya tenAthI uccatara ke unnatatara thavuM, pote ja potAnI pAra javuM, e cetanane dharma che. pite pitAthI uccatara zI rIte thaI zake ? pote pitAnI pAra zI rIte jaI zake? e cetanane keyaDe che. e pitAnI pAra javAnI zakti, pitAne atikramavAnI zakti, ene ja dharmanI bIjabhUta zakti huM mAnuM chuM. vedAnta kahe che ke ema pitAthI pAra jatAM jatAM jIva jyAre jIvabhAvanI pAra jAya, ahaMkAranI pAra jAya, tyAre brahmabhAva pAme! e taddana na samajAya evuM nathI! A grantha vAMcatAM AnaMdazaMkaranA citananAM cAra mukhya lakSaNe dhyAnamAM AvyA vinA nahi raheH vizAlatA, sUkSmatA, vizadatA, ane samatA. A cAre ya guNe badhAM zAstrIya ciMtana ane nirUpaNamAM Avazyaka che, paNa e badhAne A suga kyAMka ja jovAmAM Ave che. vizAlatA ane sUkSmatA virodhI guNe dekhAya che, ane eka ja vyaktimAM bane ekasarakhA hotA nathI, paNa satyazodhana mATe bane Avazyaka che, eTaluM ja nahi paNa buddhinI eka ja pravRttimAM bane eka sAthe otapreta

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rIte, avizleSya rIte pravartamAna thavA ISTa che. elI sUkSmatA vigatemAM aTavAI rahe che ane viSayanuM samagrarUpe darzana karI zakatI nathI ane vigatanA sUkSma grahaNa vinAnI ekalI vizALatA, arthahIna pikaLa svacchandI aspaSTa ane apratItikara banI rahe che. A pustakamAM karatA ghaNuMkharuM nibaMdharUpe badhuM kahe che ane tethI AmAM dazano ke matonI temane TUMkamAM carcA karavAnI Ave che, temAM sUkSamatA karatAM vizAlatA vadhAre dekhAya te svAbhAvika che, paNa e vizAlatA pAchaLa kartAne sUkSma abhyAsa paNa jaNAyA vinA rahetuM nathI. emanI vizAlatAne vicAra karatAM sauthI pahelI vizIlatA te emanA viSayanA abhyAsanI. hinduonA tattvajJAna uparanA mULa grantho, ane te sAthe pazcimanA tatvajJAnane adyatane abhyAsa temanA jeTale keie nahi karyo hoya, ema kahevuM emAM atyukti nathI. paNa e vidvattA mAtra potAnA viSaya pUratI ja nahotI. emanA lekhe jotAM jaNAze ke bhautika vijJAna arthazAstra jevA mAtra vidyAne viSaya ja nahi paNa sAhityamAM ane vartamAna rAjyaprakaraNamAM paNa temaNe TheTha sudhI rasa lIdho che. e daSTinI vizALatA pratyakSa rIte ane parokSa rIte temanA lekhamAM dekhAyA vinA rahetI nathI. dRSTinI e vizAlatAthI teo kAvyane ane purANone dharmasAhityamAM sthAna Ape che. eTaluM ja nahi, vizvamukhe paNa zravaNuM karavAnuM kahe che. e ja vizALatAne lIdhe teo pazcimanA philasUnAM darzanene samagrarUpe samajI le che ane tenI maryAdA paNa darzAve che; vedAnta uparanA AkSepanI pAra jaI tene radiyo Ape che. e vizAlatAthI ja teo ApaNI AdhyAtmika arthapaddhatine seMTa pelanI arthapaddhatinA samAna daSTAntane ke Ape che, ane aneka jagAe pUrva pazcimanA tattvajJAnanI samAnatA batAve che, jemAMnI keTalIka joIne temanI vicakSaNatA mATe kharekhara mAna thAya che. DekArTa ane zaMkara eka ja rIte lagabhaga enA e zabdomAM AtmatattvanuM pratipAdana kare che te jetA mAnavabuddhi dezakAlanA game teTale aMtare paNa keTalI badhI eka ja rIte kArya kare che te joI Azcarya sAthe AnaMda thAya che. zaka ne artha sAyaNuM "prajApati" kare che, tene mekasamUlara upahAsa kare che, tyAre teo mekasamUlaranA ajJAnane ane TIkAdhASTayane upahAsanIya banAvI mUke che eTaluM ja nahi, tenI pAse kAlIilanuM eka nAnAmAM nAnuM avataraNa lAvIne mUkI de che. ane pazcimana no sApekSavAda diphakAlanA caturmAna satpadArthanuM pratipAdana kare che tyAM mahAdeva kAla bhagavAnanA digaMbaratvanuM

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smaraNa karAve che, tyAre temanI tarkazakitamAM eka sAthe tattvajJAna kavitva ane vivecanAzakita ekatrita thayelAM jaNAya che. emaNe aneka jagAe ApelAM gharagaththu daSTAno paNa emanA anubhavanI vizAlatA ja darzAve che. " uparanAM ja keTalAMka daSTAntamAM AcAryazrInI vizAlatAnI sAthe sAthe temanI sUkSmatA paNa pratIta thAya che. paNa temanI sUkSmatA khAsa karIne sUkSma viSayane samajAvavAmAM ane be mane sUma bheda darzAvavAmAM vizeSe karIne jaNAya che. te uparAMta siddhAMtonI carcAmAM, zAstronA artha karavAmAM, kA uparanAM vArtikemAM, paNa e zakita ApaNane Thera Thera anubhavamAM Ave che. ane A vizAlatA ane sUkSmatAne lIdhe temanAmAM vicAranuM ane bhASAnuM lAkSaNika vaizadya AveluM jaNAya che. pravAha paNa anukULa hoya ane pavana paNa anukULa hoya tevI naukAnI peThe temanA vicAre yathAkrame, jarA paNa gharSaNa vinA, jarA paNa DelAM khAdhA vinA, pitAnA lakSya tarapha sIdhA cAlyA jAya che. A emanA ciMtananA guNe eTalA prasiddha che, ane emanA lekhamAM eTalA vyApaka che ke vizeSa daSTA ApavAnI mane jarUra jaNAtI nathI. , , , vizAlatI ane sUkSmatA buddhinA guNo che, vizadatA e buddhi ane bhASA banene guNa che. tyAre samatA e svabhAvane guNa I budi ene anukULa thaI pravarte che. A zabda je ke mane vedAntamAM vAraMvAra vaparAya che te uparathI sUjha che, paNa huM ene e ja arthamAM ahIM vAparatA nathI. samatvane huM e sAde artha karuM chuM ke koI paNa lAgaNInA atirekamAM taNAI na jatAM svastha rahevuM te. eno artha bilakula lAgaNuM ne hAvI evo nathI. svadharma ane svadeza bane mATe AnaMdazaMkarane gaMbhIra lAgaNa che. e vinA ATalI ekaniSThAthI e hinda zAstrono abhyAsa karI zakyA na hota, ane enA utsAha vinA ane dharmajijJAsu ane mumukSu taraphanI prema vinA ATalA satata prayatnathI temaNe tene bodha karyo na hota. paNa e prema ane utsAha chatAM temaNe sarvatra samatA svasthatA sAcavI che. temaNe baMdhI carcAmAM pratipakSa tarapha ekasarakhuM mAna rAkhyuM che. sAmA pakSane doSa batAvatAM paNa tenA guNa batAvyA che, ane deASakathanamAM paNu apramANikatAne Arepa karyo nathI. sAmA pakSanI mUrkhatA ke dhRSTatA paNa temaNe saujanyathI sahI lIdhI che, ane baha baha te nAgarika zmitathI tene khullI pADI che. "hindustAnanA pegI saMnyAsI ane sAdhuo" nA . 41. pR. 813

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3 pustakanI samAlecanAmAM tenA kartA emananI karelI TIkA, vai. zA. sai, rAkaranI TIkAnA javAthyamAM lakhelA lekhA, ane 'yudhiSThiranuM asatyakathana'mAM peAtAnA mitra' sadgata narasiMharAva sAthe karelA zAstrArtha, e emanI carcApatinAM - lAkSaNika dRSTAnta che. emanI bhASAnA A guNa te kAI peAtAnA hita mATe nakkI karelI kAryapaddhati kaeN paeNAlIsI nathI, paNa eka siddhAnta upara vikasAvelI maneAdazA che. e siddhAnta te hareka vAkya spaSTa rIte priye bhale na heAya, paNa uddega kare evuM teA na ja levuM joIe, uddeza karyAM vinA satya ane hita 'kheAlI ja na zakAya ema nathI ja. je temaNe prasaMgazaH eka jagAe kahelA che.42 teo tene vADmaya tapa tarIke Adara kare che. 33 ' me' AgaLa kahyuM ke hindu darzanAnI carcAmAM AcArya AnaHzaMkaranI nirUpaNapaddhati abhyAsayeAgya che. alabata e paddhati sAhitya vagerenI carcAmAM paNa che, paNa ahIM e paddhatinI vicakSaNatA prasphuTa rUpe dekhA de che. e paddhatimAM mukhya to aitihAsika paddhati che. A paddhatinA prayAga pAzcAtya vidvAnA vAra vAra kare che, ane tyAM paNa te vartamAna yugamAM ja zarU thayelI che. eTale A viSayamAM ene buddhipUrvaka upayAga ahIM pahelI ja vAra thAya che. meM AgaLa kahI te buddhinI vizAlatAthI te hindanA lAMbA itihAsaparTane 'ukelI satyane zuddha rUpe jue che, vastunA Akasmika ane tAttvika aMzAne bhinna kare che, siddhAntanuM itihAsamAM ghaTAeluM khIja zeAdhI kADhe che, 'darzanAnA amuka prakAranA vikAsAnA khulAse Ape' che, aMdaranA bhedAnAM kAraNA darzAvI Ape che. A paddhatithI hindu dharmacintanane keTalAka cirasthAyI lAbha thayeA che. temAM, kapilanA mULa sAMkhya siddhAnta sezvara hatA, khudda bhagavAna brahmAvAdanI viruddha na hatA, zakarAcAryane ceAgasiddhi abhimata nahAtI, varNadharma e zAMkara vedAntanu svArasya nathI. ApaNAM darzanAnA AMtara bheda karatAM temanI nIti AcAra sAdhanavicAra vagerenI ekatA vadhAre mahattvanI che vagere aneka darzAvI zakAya. temaNe brAhmaNeAne nyAya ApyA te ApaNe joI gayA. tevI ja rIte temaNe eka jagAe samasta hindu kAmane nyAya ApyA che. hindu dezanI paDaMtAnAM kAraNeAmAM megala marAThA samayamAM jIvana vilAsI thayuM hatuM ema temaNe kaheluM che, paNa hindu musalamAnAne hAthe hAryo temAM hamezAM hinduonA ja doSa hatA e mata temaNe svIkAryuM nathI. A 42. pR. 80'

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saMbaMdhI AkhI cacIsa jovA jevI che. ethI vizeSa zivapUjA ane kRSNapUjAnAM mULa RgavedamAM darzAvI tenA anArya saMbhavane sarvathA TALI nAMkhe, ane bhAgavatane mahattva ApyuM e che. paNa sauthI vizeSa temaNe hindu dharmamAM prAcInamAM prAcIna kAlathI atyAra sudhI cAlatI AvelI ektA darzAvI ene huM gaNuM chuM. vaLI jema nItimAM ane sAmAjika zAstromAM temaNe adhyAtmanA pAyAno Agraha karyo che, tema ItihAsane paNa teo AdhyAtmika daSTie jue che. cA cA ghaca e be ke upara TIkA karatAM teo kahe che "manuja saMskRtinA ItihAsanuM A "Spiritual interpretation" che, ane e ja ItihAsanI kharI ane UMDI samajaNa che." gItAnA agiyAramAM adhyAyamAM kRSNa arjunane divyacakSu ApI je satya dekhADayuM te A ja satya. ane umere che: "e adhyAyanI kharI TIkA Gibbons' Decline and Fall of the Roman Empire 0.88 HIS Hallas slyar ItihAsane artha kare che, A ItihAsane AdhyAtmika dRSTie karela artha che. ane bhautika arthamAM paNa chevaTe mANasa badalAyelI paristhiti upara prabhutva meLavI navI racanA karI zake evo savIkAra Ave che, e kharI rIte AdhyAtmika arthanuM ja samarthana ke svIkAra nathI ? ' , emanI nirUpaNapaddhatinuM bIjuM mahattvanuM lakSaNa temanI telanapaddhati che. AmAM ApaNA dezanAM darzananI paraspara tulanA tema ja ApaNuM darzananI ane tenI pazcimanA darzane ane te sAthenI tulanA bane Ave che. telanathI teo koivAra pUrvanA siddhAntane pazcimanA siddhAntathI samarthita kare che, te kaIvAra temAMthI no artha kADhe che. ane A aitihAsika ane telanapaddhatine eka satata lAbha e che ke tethI jUnAM satya, vAkyo, niyamo vagerene navI tAjagI maLe che. zabda nitya che e mImAMsAne siddhAnta arthahIna lAge paNa tyAM zabdano artha zabdapratipAdya satya e karIe te enI carcA rasika thAya ane e pazcimanI philasuphImAM lAMbA kAla sudhI carcAno viSaya rahela che. asure ane deva prajApatinA putre che temAM asure moTA che, je nAnA che! de ja utkRSTa abhipreta chatAM, asurene moTA kema kahyA? AnaMdazaMkara kahe che ke AsurI dazA e naisargika eTale jaMgalI ke asaMskRta hoI pahelI hatI, devatva pachI saMskArathI AvyuM, ane tenA samarthanamAM vijJAnazAstrI haphasalIne mata TAMkI batAve che ! kusumAMjali vAta evI IzvarasiddhinI dalIla kare tyAre 43. pR. 541-42. vaLI juo pR. 581. 44, 5, 741 " AmAM ApanI rAta ane nikitihAsika

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45 navAi lAge, teA AnaMdazaMkara padane arthe saMskRti--civilization--karI e dalIlamAM khUba artha bharI Ape che. A paddhati adhikArInA hAthamAM jaI. azAstrIya ane svacchandI banI jAya, paNa AnaMdazaMkara - batAve che te, dizA bahu ja phaLadAyI nIvaDavA saMbhava che. i r ... * * A be paddhatio arvAcIna che. prAcIna paddhatio paNa temaNe bahu saphaLa rIte vAparI che, ane' te granthanuM tAtparya samajavA arthe karavAnI paddhati. AmAM betraNa paddhati - mukhyatve Ave che. traNeya pAribhASika che, paNa pahelI e vizeSa' karIne evI che temAM pahelI gaNAvIe nirvacanapaddhati vyutpattithI artha karavAnI paddhati. A paddhati dhaNI prAcIna che. veda jeTalI prAcIna che; niruktamAM tenA aheALA upayAga thayA. che ane dayAnanda sarasvatIe paNa 'vedanA artha karavAmAM enA dhaNA upayAga karyAM che. AnaMda- zaMkara enA upayAga kare che paNa temAM kyAMI itihAsane avagaNatA nathI, tema` peAlakalpanAmAM sarI paDatA nathI. tenAthI cetAve paNa che. AvI ja rIte vAkyanA artha kADhavAmAM prAcIna tAtparyanirNayanA niyamAnA suMdara upayAga kare che. jemaY vaMcita upalakSaNa ema kahIne arthavistAra kare che, jemake pR. 122 upara. mAALoDaNya mulamAlId evI zruti cAra varNanA samarthanamAM TAMkavAmAM Aveche tyAre AnaMdazaMkara kahe che cAra varNI e tyAM vidhi nathI, mAtra anuvAda che--vastusthiti jevI hatI tenI noMdha mAtra che, tyAM vidhi te varNabheda TALI puruSamAM ekatA anubhavavAnA che. manadhitArthAntu pramALam| ajJAta arthane jaNAve te pramANu, ane tee itihAsanA jJAnathI jaNAve che ke e zrutisamaye varNI teA hatA ja, eTale e zrutinuM vaktavya varNInI AvazyakatA nathI. ema e prAcIna paddhatithI ja, kahevAtA sanAtanI matanA uttara vALe che. trIjI paddhati te purANakathAonA ane keTalIka vidhionA rahasyasphoTananI paddhati, jene teo artha karavAnI AdhyAtmika paddhati kahe che,45 A paddhati paNa AnaMdazaMkare kahyuM che tema prAcIna che. enA upayAga sadgata - maNilAle paNa karelA che.' AnaMdaza kara enA upaceAga kare che ane temAM sarvatra e arthe pratItikara cAya che ane suMdara haiAya che. viSNu ane lakSmI, naTarAja, gajendrameAkSa, kubjAnuM RjUkaraNa,kRSNa gApInA rAsa, vagere tenA aneka dAkhalA che. A'pati pahelI khenI apekSAe ochI pAribhASika che, ane kalpanAgarbha hAI pahelI menI apekSAe vizeSa AhlAdaka che. ' '' 45. pR. 752-54 1

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- AcArya AnaMdazaMkaranI bhASA vize A pahelAM ghaNuM kahevAI gayuM che. emanI bhASA, emanA cintanane dhAraNa karI zake evI samartha che. tattvajJAna e A pustakane viSaya hovAthI, te bhASAmAM saMskRta zabdo vizeSa hoya e svAbhAvika che, paNa kyAMI temaNe anucita rIte saMskRta zabdane Agraha batAvyo nathI. saMskRta zabdo hovA chatAM paNa jarUra paDe tyAre gharagaththu zabda paNa bahu ja sahelAIthI, te pakaDI zake che. temanI bhASAe adyatana vikAsane pUre lAbha lIdho che,--alabata e vikAsamAM temane phALo mahatvano che-ane chatAM zAstrIo vAparatA tevA "kahetAM', "nAma" vagere zabdo AvavA dIdhA che, tenI sUga nathI rAkhI. temane bhASApravAha bahu ja svAbhAvika che, chatAM teo zabdanA sarvatra bhAnavALA che. bhASAnI koI paNa bhUla ajANatAM paNa temanAmAM AvI jatI nathI. ane prasaMge gujarAtI zabdano artha paNa sUkSamatAthI karI amuka saMdarbhamAM ghaTAvI suMdara arthaprakAza karI Ape che. A zakti khAsa karIne vArtikomAM jyAM kAvya para bhASya kare che tyAM vizeSa dekhAya che, paNa sAmAnya carcAmAM paNa e dekhAya che. bhASAnI sAdhAraNa khUbI, tene aAgyA mahattva ApyA vinA, teo lAvI zake che, jemake sAmI prIta, satakAra, sahakAra ane pachI svIkAra e anyamanasvIkArane krama batAve che yAM. jyAM vicAra aMgrejI zabdathI vadhAre skuTa thatAM hoya tyAM teo aMgrejI zabda mUke che, kavacit gujarAtI samAnArthI zabda ApyA vinA mUke che, paNa ghaNI jagAe samAnArthI zabda yojIne paNa mUke che ane e rIte paNa bhASAvikAsamAM temaNe sAro phALo Ape che. temanI bhASA, temanAM virAmacihno, khAsa karIne gururekhA (dash-), vAkyaracanAo, vagere abhyAsagya che, paNa temAM khAsa muzkelI e che ke A pustakamAM emanI joDaNI ane emanAM ja cihno emanI IcchAthI ema ja rAkhavA prayatna karyo che chatAM, e badhAM emaNe asala lakhyA pramANe ja haze enI khAtrI rAkhI zakAtI nathI, kAraNa ke 'vasantamAM ApelA mULa lekho, ane te pachI ApaNe dharmanI ane AvRttimAM thayeluM temanuM punarmudraNa e kazA upara teo eTalI jhINavaTathI dhyAna ApI zakyA nathI. tema chatAM emanI bhASA, vAkyaracanA e sarvanI viziSTatAnI A pustaka vAMcatAM paNa chApa paDyA vinA nahi rahe. temanI bhASA vize meM eka vAra prasannamIraparA sarasavatI e udgAra kADhe, hamaNAM bhamatIne maMgalamAM zArIrika bhASya vize "prasannaga bhIra4 e ja vizeSaNa vAMcatAM 46. bhASyaM prasannagaMbhIraM tatpraNItaM vibhajyate /

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take thAya che ke zAMkarabhASyanI prasannagaMbhIratA temane vArasAmAM UtarI che. bhASA kaI paNa kRtrima upAthI saMskArI nathI banatI paNa temAM je vicAre utAravAnA hoya e vicArenA sAmarthyathI saMskArI bane che. * A badhA lekhe nibaMdhanA rUpamAM che. Azare aradhI sadI daramiyAna A lekhe mukhyatve vasaMta' mAsika mATe lakhAyA che. mAsikanA lekha sAmAnya rIte kaI tAtkAlika prayajana mATe lakhAya che, paNa A To evA kaI prajanathI nahi paNa prajAne A viSayanuM jJAna dRSTi ane saMskAra ApavA lakhAyA che, keTalAka to gauravavAnA prasaMge ApelAM gaMbhIra vyAkhyA che, ane e rIte cirasthAyI mUlyanA che. AvA jude jude prasaMge lakhelA lekhomAM kyAMka virodha ke visaMvAda AvI javA jevuM jaNAya, evAM betraNa sthaLe AgaLanI carcAmAM meM batAvelAM che, paNa tyAM batAvyuM che te pramANe tenI ekavAyatA karI zakAya che. keI vAra nirUpaNanA daSTibhedane lIdhe virodha jevuM lAge, ane vedAntamAM vyAvahArika ane pAramArthika evAM be bhinna dRSTibinduo hovAthI ane vedAntanI avAntara zAkhAomAM thoDe thoDe daSTibheda hevAthI, kavacita virodha jaNAya. paNa tyAM lekhakanuM dRSTibindu je dhyAnamAM AvI jAya te virodha raheto nathI. ekaMdara vedAntanA mukhya siddhAnto lekhakanA cittamAM prAraMbhathI ja, eTalI daDhabhUmi thayA che ke lekhakamAM kyAMI siddhAtathI zruti ke khalana thatuM nathI. ATalA lAMbA gALAmAM kyAMI ja smRti na thAya e kharekhara AzcaryakAraka che. te sivAya abhimata vastuomAM prasaMgAnusAra eka vAra ekanA upara vizeSa bhAra mUkyo hoya te bIjI vAra bIjI upara vizeSa bhAra mUka hoya evuM bane paNa e virodha nathI. AvA lekhamAM ekanI eka vAtanuM punarAvartana thAya e svAbhAvika che, paNa lekhakanI mitAkSarI zailI, viSayanI gaMbhIratA ane vaktavyanA mahattvathI punarAvartana tenA mUlyane hAni karatuM nathI. A AvRttimAM, AgalI AvRtti pachInA Aja sudhInA lekho umerelA che. ethI tenuM kada ghaNuM vadhI gayeluM che. eTalA badhA lekhene kaIka paNa yojanA pramANe mUkavA joIe. AnaMdazaMkarabhAI pite, AgalI AvRttimAM paNa yojamAM upara pUratuM dhyAna ApI zakelA nahotA. ane pachI emanI prakRti eTalI zithila hatI ke A prakAzananA koI paNa prazna mATe temane

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48 tasdI na ApavI evo nirNaya amAre karapaDe. e sthitimAM meM jAte ja amuka yojanA ghaDI te pramANe lekhane krama nakakI karyo che. lekhamAM granthAvalokana ane prAsaMgika carcA ane noMdha svAbhAvika rIte ja alaga paDI jAya che. evI ja rIte vyAkhyAne je meM chellAM mUkyAM che te paNa judAM paDI Ave che. emAMnAM ghaNAMkharAM keI gaMbhIra ane mahattvanA prasaMga mATe lakhAyAM che. evA prasaMge svAbhAvika rIte umara thatAM ane pazcima vayamAM vizeSa AvyA che. AvAM vyAkhyAne vadhAre vizAla dRSTithI ane kaMIka sAmAnya mANasa paNa samajI zake evI sarala vicArasaraNamAM apAyAM che ema mane jaNAyuM che. umara thatAM ghaNuo pitAnuM jJAna vadhAre sAdA svarUpamAM ApI zake che, e vAta mane AnaMdazaMkaranAM vyAkhyAnamAM paNuM jaNAI che. eTale vyAkhyAnene meM chellAM judA vargamAM mUkyAM. AthI eka bIjI paNa sagavaDa thaI. aMgrejI vyAkhyAne paNa ApavAnAM hatAM, ane aMgrejI hovAthI bIjAthI alaga eTale pustakane cheDe te ApI zakAya. vyAkhyAnane vibhAga chelle AvavAthI aMgrejI vyAkhyAne paNa vyAkhyAnonA vibhAgamAM ja AvI gayAM. A vyAkhyAnanuM gujarAtI, AnaMdazaMkarabhAInI evI IcchA na hovAthI karyuM nathI, paNa temAM AvatA arvAcIna pAzcAtya philasUphInA sihAvalokana sivAyanuM ghaNuMkharuM gujarAtI mAM eka athavA bIje rUpe kahevAI gayuM che, eTaluM sAtvanA che. A rIte vyAkhyAnavibhAga goThavAI gayo emanA bIjA keTalAka lekhamAM mane zAstranI pAribhASika carcA jaI, jemAM te te darzanenI taMtravyavasthAne paNa kaMIka vizeSa paricaya joIe, ane jemAM lAMbAM saMskRta avataraNa ane tene artha karavAnA prazno Ave che; evA lekhone eka varga zAstrIya carcA tarIke tarata ja paDI AvyuM. bAkI rahelA lekhomAM jene meM vArtike. kahyAM che te paNa svAbhAvika rIte ja alaga paDI jAya che. e badhAM kaI kAvyane avalaMbIne karelAM che. emAMnA keikane AnaMdazaMkarabhAIe pite vyAkhyAna kahela che e kharuM, paNa e vyAkhyAna tarIke kaI sabhAmAM apAyAM hoya ema jaNAtuM nathI. teo pote prastAvanAmAM kahe che tema te pazcimanA sAhityamAM jene sermons kahIe e prakAranAM che. emaNe pote e vibhAganA lekhone vyAkhyAna tema ja vArtika paNa kahela che, ane ghaNuMkharAne pachIthI nAma ja Apela nathI. mAre vyAkhyAna zabda kharekhara ApelAM vyAkhyAno mATe rAkhavAne hato eTale meM e zabda A lekhane mATe ne rAkhyo, e kharI rIte ghaNuM ja vizALa dRSTithI karelI TIkA ke bhASya

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che. paNa gujarAtImAM TIkA kaMIka kharAba vyaMjanAvALA zabda che. bhASya zabda temaNe pite eka jagAe vAparelo che, ane kadAca ene lIdhe ja emanI zailIne bhASyazailI, kahevAmAM Ave che, paNa meM bhASyane badale emaNe ja vAparelo vAtika zabda vAparyo che. tenuM khAsa kAraNa e che ke vArtikakAra anukta vastunuM paNa ciMtana karI zake che, e enuM vizeSa lakSaNuM manAya che.47 ane ahIM mULa kAvyanuM avalaMbana karI ghaNuM pitAne kahevAnuM kahe che eTale sthUla arthamAM meM tene vArtike kahyAM che AnaMdazaMkarabhAIe pahelI AvRttimAM je te pahelA mUkyA che, temAM viSayanI yojanA mane jANatI hatI. eTale vedAntasiddhAntanuM jyAM mahatvanuM nirUpaNa AvatuM hatuM tevA lekho meM pahelA vibhAgamAM yogya sthAne mUkyA. A vibhAga ane vArtike banne eka ja prayajana mAtra bhinna paddhatithI sAdhatA jaNAyA tethI bannene meM siddhAntanirUpaNanA kahyA. AvI jatA A lekhamAM rAkhI che. temAMthI judI judI kakSAnA ke judA judA prajanavALA abhyAsIone kaMIka sagavaDa maLaze ema mAnuM chuM. jemane sAmAnyarUpe ja A viSayane abhyAsa karavo hoya temane mATe chello vyAkhyAna vibhAga anukULa paDaze. jemane mukhya siddhAnta barAbara samajavo hoya temane mATe te uparAMta pahelo ke bIje vibhAga anukULa paDaze. jemane zAstranuM vadhAre vigatathI ke jhINavaTathI adhyayana karavuM hoya teo te uparAMta zAstracarcA paNa jeze. bAkInA vibhAge vizeSa vigate mATe ane lekhakano saMpUrNa abhyAsa karavAnA upayoganA raheze. ane chatAM kahevuM joIe ke A eka sagavaDa khAte sthala daSTie pADelA vibhAga che. lekhana samaye je vibhAge daSTimAM hatA nahi, te vibhAge AthI vadhAre cokasAIvALA hoI zake nahi. A badhI pravRttinuM phaLa zuM? tenI asara zI? ene eka javAba e che ke mahAna ke gahana pravRttionAM phaLa tarata batAvI zakAtAM nathI. AcArya AnaMdazaMkaranA lekhene vadhAre sAre abhyAsa thaze, temanI sUcanA pramANe ApaNuM darzanenuM zodhana thaze, dArzanika ItihAsa lakhAze, temanI jIvana ane dharma saMbaMdhI bIjI sUcanAo paNa samAjanA dhyAnamAM Avaze, tyAre tenI kharI kimata thaze. paNa eka vAta ApaNe atyAre paNa kahI zakIe. mANasanA kAmanuM mUlya tenA uddeza ane tenI siddhithI thaI zake AcArya AnaMdazaMkara zuddha ane spaSTa dRSTivALA hatA. teo pitAne uddeza 47. kaalgamrthivya(iciMtA)amri tu vArtim ApTene saMskRta koSa.

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" hinAthI temaNe tya vikAsa nathI, paNa spaSTa joI zakatA hatA. ane e udeza samagra lokahitane hovAthI temaNe te vAraMvAra kahe che. eka jagAe teo kahe cheH " hindanuM tattvajJAna eka jUnuM jaDI AveluM hADapiMjara nathI, paNa vedakALathI cAlI Avelo caitanyathI bharele ane nitya vikasato ja eka jIvanta padArtha che, ane tethI enA zarIranuM varNana karavA karatAM enA AtmAnuM prAkaTya karavA upara" adhika dhyAna ApavuM joIe. " ApaNuM tatvajJAna eka jIrNa vidyA nathI paraMtu pazcimanA vartamAna tatvajJAnanI sAthe UbhuM rahI akhaMDa pRthvInI tattvajJAnanA vikAsamAM bhAga laI zake evo jIvanta padArtha che."48 anyatra kahe che ke Izvare je AjJA karI mUkI e nIti, e samajaNa paNa beTI che; kAraNa ke je AjJAnI yathArthatA jagatanA vyApAramAM atyAre pratIta na thAya, ane jenI yathArthatAmAM ApaNuM mana sAkSI na pUre e mAnavAthI Izvarane ApaNe dUra rAkhIe chIe. ATalAM mATe dezakAlAnusAra prAcIna vAne vartamAna yugane anukUla karavAM, tathA e vAkAnuM rahasya samajavuM, e ApaNuM kAma che."49 ApaNe kahI zakIe ke jeo ahIM nirUpita dharmane "ApaNe dharma mAne che temane te temaNe A lekhethI pratIti karI ApI che ke ApaNuM tatvajJAna citanyathI bharelo jIvanta padArtha che, ane akhaMDa pRthvInA tattvajJAnanA vikAsamAM bhAga levA samartha che. e tattvajJAnane vartamAna svarUpamAM mUkavAnI dizA paNa temaNe darzAvelI che, ane e pramANe pravRtti karavAnuM kAma temanA vArasadAra pachInA jamAnAne tatvajJAnanA abhyAsIonuM che. temaNe, pite kahyA pramANe, dharmanA zarIra karatAM tenA AMtarAtmAnuM prAkaTaca karavAnI paNa dizA batAvI che, ghaNuM jagAe ema karI batAvyuM che, ane e pravRtti paNa temanI pachI AgaLa cAlavI joIe. A kAma eka rIte prAthamika bhUmikA taiyAra karavA jevuM che je vAraMvAra jude jude prasaMge lakhelA nibaMdhothI ja sAruM thaI zake. tethI ja temanI pravRttio AvuM nibaMdharUpa lIdhuM che. badhI pravRttio prAthamika dazAmAM AvuM nibaMdharUpa ja le che. e jamAne, je hajI paNa pUre thaye nathI, te A kAraNene laIne mukhyatve nibaMdhane jamAne hatA. ane tethI AnaMdazaMkare paNa nibaMdhe lakhyA che. AvA nibaMdhathI philasUphIne prakaraNabaddha grantha na thaI zake tema evA granthamAM jevuM tatraMbaddha darzana nirUpI zakAya tevuM AmAM na AvI zake. paNa AnaMdazaMkarabhAIno e udaza paNa nahote. emane vedAntanI kaI navI zAkhA sthApavI nahotI. 48. pR. 633 49, pR. 512

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emane te zAMkara vedAnatane zuddha ane arvAcIna svarUpa ApavuM hatuM, ane pazcimanI philasUphI ane bhautika vijJAnanA dhasArAbaMdha AvatA vicAre sAthe tene saMgata karI batAvavuM hatuM, ane te temaNe karyuM che. temanA samagra kAryane TUMkAmAM TUMkI rIte varNavavuM hoya te te zAMkara vedAntane pariSkAra ane paripUrti ema kahI zakAya. navuM darzana sthApe tene ja je philasUpha kahe heya te te philasupha mahetA, paNa sAthe sAthe smaraNamAM rAkhavuM joIe ke emanA jevA vedAntanA niSNAta pazcimamAM te kaI nahotA, paNa ApaNe tyAM hindamAM paNa nahotA. ane philasUphI e je amuka mata ane abhiprAyanuM taMtra ja na hoya, paNa jIvananI daSTi hoya, te te temanAmAM hatI. temanI daSTi baha6 dArzanika ane mUlaparvatagAmI hatI. ane A lekha paNa dArzanika carcAnA che. sadagata maNilAlathI zarU thayelI dArzanika cacapaddhatine temaNe navI vizAlatA ane gaMbhIratA ApI, e zarU thayelA jJAnayajJamAM vasatoDalyANIhAthe, "vasanta'nA lekhe AkhyarUpa hatA, uttama gorasanA sArabhUta hatA. parabhASAne moha na rAkhatI AcAryazrIe badhu gujarAtamAM gujarAta mATe lakhyuM, ane gujarAta tene mATe haMmezAM abhimAna dharAvaze. - amadAvAda , - ** rAmanArAyaNa vizvanAtha pAThaka tA. 20-11-42

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anukramaNikA : ' 101 Ta Re siddhAnta nirUpaNa nibaLe 1 ApaNe dharma 2 zravaNa 3 ApaNuM tatvajJAna 4 zraddhA ane zaMkA 5 brahmavidyA 6 buddhi ane hadaya 7 AzramavyavasthA 8 puruSArtha 9 vyavahAra ane paramArtha 10 adhikAra ane abheda 11 aSTAdazazlokI gItA 12 zrImadda bhagavadgItA bIja-zakti-kIlaka 13 karmayoga-1 14 karmaga-2 15 bhAyAvAda 16 bhavyAdi bhAvanA" 17 viveka ane abheda 18 vadarzana 19 padarzanamAM vedAntanuM sthAna 20 jaDavAda ane caitanyavAda 21 navAM darzana rara eka harikIrtana 23 yudhiSThiranuM asatyakathana 24 "zrI rAi " pa 108 116 125 136 142 15ra 159 167 177 194 siddhAnta nirUpaNa vAtika 20: 24 divya prabhAta 2 "AvatonamaH" - * 205 215

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0 2 237 248 0 254 1 - nAma 26ra 0 3 Atmanivedana 4 muktinAM sAdhana 5 eka ajavALI rAtri 6 "cAMdaliyo" 7 devAsurasaMgrAma 8 cAra guruo 9 "khAMDAnI dhAra" 10 haDALo premaghaTA harI : 1, 2 13 vAmanarAvatAra 14 dAsyabhakti 270 277 .. 281 284 312 - 321 rayara " . , , 327 329 338 34ra 348 359 - 375 zAsacarcA 1 cacIpatra 2 veda, vedArtha ane vedanA de . 3 jIvAtmA ane paramAtmA 4 jJAna ane nIti 5 brahmAnaMda zI rIte thAya? 6 kenepaniSada 7 pariNAma ane vivI 8 zAMkara siddhAnta ane ga 9 zAstracitana 10 SadarzananI saMkalanA * * * 11 kapila nirIzvaravAdI hatA ke kema? - - - 12 gautamabuddha nirIzvaravAdI ke sezvaravAdI ?. 13 ApaNuM dhamanuM bhaviSya - - - 14 mUrtipUjA , . 15 varNavyavasthA janmathI ke karmathI? 16 zAstradaSTie "harijana"ne prazna 17 spRzyAspRzyatvamImAMsA 386 31 410 421 - 428 440 * 450 * 464

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b granthAvale kana 1 jaDa ane cit': 1 2 " jaDa ane cit" : 2 3. hindustAnanA yAgI saMnyAsI ane sAdhue 4 zrI mahAbhAratanuM upadezarahasya 5 hindu dharmanuM hArda huM hindanA tattvajJAnanA itihAsa 7 dhammapada 8 bhagavadgItAM vivaraNa anAsaktiyeAga huM .. 12 mahAbhAratanA pradhAna rasa 13 sUtrakRtAMga P : 8 4thI oNgasTanI prArthanA zAntipATha 10 prArthanA 11 kavi ane mahAtmA 12 Atma-anAtma-STi 13 srIone upanayanasaMskAra 14 traNa harikIrtana 54 ... ..... ... " ... *** prAsa'gika carcA ane noMdha 1 uddeza, nAma, ane sUtra, 2 senTrala biMdu, kaoNleja-anArasa 3 ApaNA dhArmika uddAranA mArge 4 dezotarAnI dhArmika sthiti 5 dharma-zikSaNa 6 bhAvi ane puruSA 7. dharmanuM sAhitya ... ... 10 " hindusthAnanI saMskRtimAM IslAmanA kALA ' 11 jaya--bhArata-mahAbhArata ... : : OM OM 013 : ... H :: ... ... : :: ... ... ... ... : ... ... 300 :: ... ... 000 '. : : ... 800 'dz ... ... : : ... . ... 140 140 ... ' : ... : ... ... : ... : : : 02. ... : :: '. 8.0 43555 ... ... ... ... ... ... 200 200 0.0 ... ... 200 06. ... 204 ... ... ... ... OM OM 930 '... ... ... : : 475 490 499 59 515 para 523 para 531 539 544 550 552 57 140 559 563 569 571 574 577 582 586 594 6 01 }} 09 612 15

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papa ? * 15 varNAzrama svarAjya saMghanuM adhivezana 16 dharma kayAM che? 17 tattvajJAnanuM prayojana 18 sAyansa ane tattvajJAna : 19 anAsaktiga * ka29 - 631 32 * 635 * . . " . . . : - - vyAkhyAna 41-838 1 zaMkara-jayantI . . ". 43 2 jene ane brAhmaNa : " 3 sanAtana hindu dharma" . ka75 4 ahiMsAdharma 5 tenuyajJa . .. . . . . 704 6. sarvadharmapariSada ' : * , ... , . , , , zrImadda bhagavadgItA, saMbadhI geMDuMka ' ' .. : 8 jaina dharma prasAraka sabhAnA suvarNa mahotsavamAM - pramukhapadethI ApeluM bhASaNa - - - 9 zrIkRNa (zrIkRSNa kezu? zuM?) * * * 750 10 Presidential Address [ Given at the Second Indian Philosophical Congress, as President of the Section of Indian Philosophy, Benares, 1921] ... ... 761 11 Presidential Address [ Given as the President of the Fourth * Indian Philosophical Copgress, Madras, 1926 ] 795 742 99-832 sUcio 1 grantha ane granthakArenI sUci 2 zabdasaci 3 aMgrejI zabdonI sUci 841 844 854

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paMkti 147 222 16 235 269 288 368 374 che 5 mata zuddhipatra . azuddha. zuddha zavItmaka * sarvAtmaka anya ananya chellI Carid Caird choDI , chare 17 svAbhASata svabhAvata chellethI 2 mukhenaiva / ceSTA mukhena / evaM ceSTA chellI na hai chellethI 2 . pitava , , tira bhada ' bheda chellethI 2 1920 * - - - - 1902 gaNAvavAno gaNavAne, matanI matanI ! 5-6 (pArigrApha na joie) amuka nathI ema >> 8 ("judI pahelAM umere) - rIti paNa najare * . - , , . ApaDe che. A judI chellI vyutpAdayA, , , vyutpAdayAM chellethI 10 * if ' . ' , ' of chellethI 2 mApuna - 1 mAmuna muna gRhNAntu / / ..) gRhNantu : sAta - - anUthata 'vidhiyate vidhIyate 13 ayAsyaH ayAsaH ramaranti ramanti chelethI 3 bhadapabhadene bhedepabhedene te'gA te gA 19 pta pata ta eva kaM sAraM kaMsAraM chellethI 11 darzaka chellI juo pR. 737 * juo pR. 736 Beagson's Bergson's cheTalI 'enjoing 'enjoying 380 408 420 497 471 13 17 - 535 616 667 680 15 23 715 darzana 790 11

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siddhAnta nirUpaNa nibaMdhe

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I ApaNe dharma ApaNA keTalAka vAcakone dharma saMbadhI-kharI, beTI, game tevI-carcA zivAya anya viSaya bhAgye ja game che; tema bIjA keTalAkane dharmanA nAmathI ja kaMTALe Upaje che. amane bhaya rahe che ke jeo taraphathI A navIna patra [ vasanata ] no satkAra thavA saMbhava che temAM keTaloka bhAga A bIjA vargamAM paDe che. tathApi ame A patramAM dharmano viSaya carcavA nizcaya karyo che; ane ame AzA rAkhIe chIe ke dareka vicAravanta dezahitaiSI amAre A nizcaya pasaMda karaze. amAre namra abhiprAya che ke ApaNuM zALAomAM dhArmika zikSaNanA abhAvane lIdhe aneka anartho UpajyA che. ApaNuM mane baLa, ApaNe svArthatyAga, ApaNuM AzAo, e sarva zithila ane manda thaI paDyAM che, enuM eka mukhya kAraNa dhArmika zikSaNane abhAva e ja che. jema AtmA e zarIrathI bhinna chatAM zarIranA aNuaNumAM vyApI rahIne zarIrane citanya ape che, tema dharma e manuSyanI sarva aihika pravRttiothI vilakSaNa hevAnI sAthe, sarvane antamAM praveza karIne emane caitanya ape che; athata, emanAmAM jJAna, rasa, ye, baLa, ane gati pUre che. mATe A patramAM bIjA aneka viSayanA AdhAra ane jIvana rUpe dharmanI carcA karavI Avazyaka dhArI che. Ajaroja A viSayanA maMgalAcaraNa tarIke (1) dharma e manuSya AtmA sAthe zuM saMbaMdha dharAve che, ane (2) ApaNuM dharmamAM uttama dharmanAM lakSaNo kevo rahelAM che e be viSayo upara thoDuMka belavA icchIe chIe. AgaLa upara e viSayanuM adhika spaSTIkaraNa karIzuM. 1, "dharma' e manuSyane svabhAvasiddha che, tathA Avazyaka che. jagalI prajAmAM paNa dharma hoya che eTaluM ja nahi paNa pitAne nAstika kahevaDAvavAnuM abhimAna dharAvanAra manuSya paNa vastutaH dhahIna hoya ema banI zakatuM nathI. vyavahArano AdhyAtmika bhASAmAM je artha, tenuM ja TuMkuM nAma dharma che, eTale jyAM jyAM vyavahAra tyAM tyAM dharma e niyama svatasiddha che. tyAre

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ApaNo dharma Astika ane nAstika, dharma ane adhama vacce bheda pADavAmAM Ave che tenuM kema? manuSyamAM keTalIka pravRttio svAbhAvika rIte eTale ajANatAM paNa thayAM kare che, paNa vicAranA pradezamAM manuSya Utare che eTale te pravRttio upara ane temanI yogyatA viSe e siddhAno bAMdhavA mAMDe che. A vicAradazAmAM manuSya jyAre sthUla prapaMcathI "para" evA keIka padArthanuM astitva svIkAre che tyAre ene ApaNe "Astika kahIe chIe, ane te na svIkAratAM vastusthitithI ulaTa vicAra dharAve che tyAre ene "nAstika kahIe chIe. vicAranI nAstikatA sAthe AcAranI paNa nAstikatA hoya ema niyama nathI; vaLI AcAranI nAstikatAvALo manuSya paNa keTalIka vAra aihika lekane paralokasthAne sthApI emAM ja zraddhA bAMdhe che; ane A rIte adharmane dharma karI mAne che. dharma-adharmane bIjo bheda manuSyanA durAgrahathI paDe che. potAne dharma te ja khare bIjAne peTe, amuka prajAne ja Izvare dharmajJAna ApyuM che ane bIjI badhIne ajJAnatimiranA phUpamAM DubAvI mUkI che, ItyAdimAnyatAne lIdhe dharmane niSpakSapAta vicAra karavo durghaTa thaI paDe che. potAne dharma te ja khare evo durAgraha mUkI daI vidvAne jema jema judA judA dharmanAM svarUpe tapAsI emAMthI dharmanuM sAmAnya svarUpa tAravI kADhatA Ave che tema tema spaSTa thatuM jAya che ke dharma mAtra amuka sthaLe ja nahi paNa pRthvInI sarva prajAomAM anAdikALathI siddha che. dharmanI vRtti bhinna bhinna prajAmAM dezakALAdi upAdhine laIne bhinna bhinna rUpe prakaTa thAya che; paNa e sarva upAdhine bhedI, aMdara UtarI, amuka prajAnI dharmavRttimAM dharmanAM keTalAM to samAelAM che e upara lakSa rAkhIne amuka dharmanI pUrNatA ke apUrNatA nakkI karavI e ja A viSayamAM khare mArga che. vaLI, dharma manuSyane svabhAvasiddha che eTaluM ja nahi paNa Avazyaka paNa che. jaDavAdanA AcAryo ema manAvavA mathe che ke dharma kadApi jaMgalI dazAmAM ane tyAra pachI keTalAka sudhArA prApta karatAM sudhI Avazyaka haze, paNa vidAnAne ane sArI peThe sudharelI prajAeAne to te nirarthaka ja che. A matanA javAbamAM mAtra eTaluM ja kahevuM basa che ke vicArazIla manuSya A siddhAnta lAMbo vakhata svIkArI zake tema nathI. dhame je ajJAna ane kalpanA e benuM ja pariNAma heta te jJAnanI vRddhinI sAthe enuM naSTa thavA tarapha ja vaLaNuM

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ApaNe dharma heta. paNa tema na thatAM divase divase jJAna vadhe che tema manuSyanI dharmavRtti * vadhAre tIvra, sateja, ane gaMbhIra thatI Ave che. manuSya, kSaNavAra paNa AtmA upara tema ja jagata upara dRSTi nAMkhe te tene evA aneka gaMbhIra prazno tathA AkAMkSAo upasthita thaze ke jenuM samAdhAna tathA paripUrti mAtra dharmathI ja thaI zake. evuM te kaIka ja haze ke jene vizvamAM, bAhya temaja AMtara dRSTi pheravatAM, kAMIka gaMbhIratA, gUDhatA, mahattA nahi pratIta thatI hoya. " A zI UDI rajanI AjanI bhaNe UMDA bhaNakAra ! gherI guhA AkAzanI re mAMhi sUte UMDo aMdhakAra, A zI UMDI rajanI!" * e uddagAra mAtra bhautika aMdhakAra paratve ja satya che ema nathI, paNa vizvamAM chAI rahelI alaikika agamyatAnuM zAMtipUra-dUrathI saMbhaLAtA samudranA dhvaninI mAphaka-vanirUpe ane saMbhaLAya che. je " gUDha asaMkhya bhedo kaMI kare cogama ghora jhaMkAra re," tene khulAso karavAno prayatna na karatAM, manuSya mAtra karNa daIne sAMbhaLavA [, dhAre te paNa, ja zAMta abhuta UMDA kaMI suNe ucca gAnanA pukAra re." * e nisaMdeha che. tyAre manuSyanA hadayamAM jIva-jagata-ane Izvara saMbadhI pUrve kahyA pramANe je je gaMbhIra prazna UThe che tathA AkAMkSAo udgAra pAme che te sarvane khulAso karavA tathA paripUrti karavI e dharmamAtrane sAmAnya uddeza che ema samajAya che. ane te sAmAnya uddeza amuka dharma jeTale aMze pAra * uMdayavINA

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ApaNe dharma pADI zake teTale aMze tenI utkRSTatA ane saphalatA lekhAya che. arthAta , jIvananI sAthe nikaTa saMbaMdha dharAvI je dharma vyApaka eTale ke sarvadezI (absolute, universal, all-sided) hoya te sarvotkRSTa. A kasaTIthI tapAsI jotAM ApaNo ja dharma uttama Tharaze ema A lekhakanuM mAnavuM che. paNa te atre vAdavivAda karI siddha karI ApavuM ema IcchA nathI; kemake ema karavAnuM prayojana nathI, ane ema karavA jatAM vedanA samayathI mAMDI Aja sudhInA grantha upara eka arthavivecaka TIkA lakhavI paDe ema che. mAtra, uttama dharmanAM lakSaNo ApaNuM dharmamAM che ema keTalAka sAmAnya nirdeza pUrvaka batAvavAne atre yatna karavAnuM che. 2. ApaNA dharmane ame "brAhma dharmajha evuM nAma ApIe chIe. A brAhmadharma te baMgALAne "brahmo' nAme lokamAM oLakhAte dharma samajavAno nathI, jo ke eka rIte ene paNa emAM antarbhAva te thAya che ja. "" eTale veda, ane vedathI pravarte dharma te "brAhmadharma." "brahma" zabdanA, vedamAM, veda ane brAhmadharmanuM tattva -e be artha uparAnta bIjA traNa artha thAya cheH-(1) stuti; (2) yajJa athavA yajJanuM aMtastatva; (3) carAcara vizvane AtmA. A traNa arthane avalaMbI brAhmadharmanAM traNa aMge baMdhA elAM che; (1) bhakti, (2) karyuM, ane (3) jJAna. A pramANe brahma zabdane arthe vicAratAM ja brAhmadharmanAM mukhya to paNa samajAI jAya che. to paNa e saMbaMdhI kAMIka vadhAre spaSTIkaraNa thavAnI jarUra che. brAhmadharmanuM utpattisthAna veda che; ane "veda" eTale jJAna; je prati eTale zravaNa kareluM te, e nAmathI paNa oLakhAya che. ATalI vAta to sarvavidita che. paNa ati' e nAmanuM gUDha tAtparya evuM che ke vedapratipAdita jJAna manuSyanI game tevI kalpanAthI udbhaveluM nathI; paNa A vizvamAM-jagatamAM temaja manuSya AtmAmAM-manuSya zAMtithI sAMbhaLe to aharniza saMbhaLAya evA, "zAMta adabhUta UMDA kaMI ucca gAnanA pukAra'nA zravaNarUpa e jJAna che. veda Izvarane prakAza che, IzvaranuM niHzvasita che, ema je kahevAya che tenuM marma paNa teja ane prANanA gaMbhIra rUpaka dvArA A rIte ja samajI levAnuM che. vaLI veda niya che ema kahevAya che; tenuM kAraNa ke vedapratipAdita satye nitya che, ane e satya ApaNuM AgaLa mUkAya to saikAlika satyarUpe te svIkArI zakAya tevAM che. A pramANe dezATAlAdi upAdhithI anavachinna satya manuSya AgaLa dharIne manaSyanA jIvanane tanmaya karI ApavAnuM sAmarthya brAhmadharmamAM che ema a anAdi kALathI manAtuM AvyuM che, ane te yathArtha che ke kema e, A lekha

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ApaNo dharma uparathI ja nahi paNa sAkSAta, brAhmadharmanA anekAneka grantho joIne vicAravAnuM che. vicAratAM, ane vizeSe karIne ene anubhava letAM, jaNAze ke brAhmadharma aneka rIte vyApaka che, sarvadezI che, athata sarva dharmanAM to enAmAM che. (1) eka te evI rIte ke-emAM sarva prakAranA adhikArIo mATe spaSTa yojanA che. manuSyajAtinA temaja manuSyavyaktinA dharmavicAramAM "manA bhAyA ane mahezvara" eTale "asma-I-ane tata' padavANya traNa padArthonI triveNu vahe che. bALaka ane bAlyAvasthA bhegavatA manuSpavargo A traNa padArthone jevI rIte jue che te karatAM prauDha vayane prApta thayelA manuSyo ane manuSyavargo judI rIte jue che. amuka manuSyane amuka dharmanuM svarUpa sace che te bIjAone bIjuM ruce cheeTaluM ja nahi, paNa lAbhakAraka paNa te ja thAya che. A pramANe je ke AtmAnI parama zAnti prApta karAvavI e dharma mAtranuM sAmAnya sAdhya che te paNa te sAdhavAnA mArge judA judA che. ane te bheda manuSyaAtmAnA adhikAra pramANe eTale ke ruci ane anukUlatA ubhayane laIne paDe che. bAlyAvasthAthI AraMbhI vArdhakaya sudhI, jaMgalI dazAthI mAMDI * sudhArAnA carama sthAna sudhI, jaDatAthI te tatvadRSTi prApta thatAM sudhI, adhikArAnusAra jene je joIe tene te ApI je dharma manuSyane sarvathA saMgha pamADI zake te ja dharma sarvotkRSTa che e ughADuM che. je dharmamAM spaSTa rIte vicArapurAsara adhikArabhedanI vyavasthA kabula nathI te dharmamAM paNa vastutaH ene anusaryA vinA cAlatuM ja nathI, dareka dharmamAM judA judA svabhAvanA ane judI judI bhUmikAnA dhArmika puruSa upajyA vinA rahetA nathI, ane tethI pariNAme svAbhAvika rIte ja judA judA adhikArIone anukUla evI judI judI dharmanI bhAvanA utpanna thAya che; A rIte paropakAra vairAgya tyAga zravaNuM manana samAdhi karma jJAna bhakti Adi sarva sAdhano dareka dharmamAM kAMIka kAMIka to kabUla thAya che ja. paNa A sarva sAdhananA svarUpa tathA saMbandhane vicAra eka ja dharmane aMge brAhmadharmamAM jevo karavAmAM Avyo che te anya dharmamAM bhAgye ja jaNAze. ' (2) brAhmadharmane sarvidezI (vyApaka) paNuM eka bIjI rIte paNa che. jIva jagata ane Izvara e traNa padArthomAM "sarva" eTale akhaMDa vizvane samAveza thAya che, ane te traNe padArthone brAhmadharmamAM sAro vicAra che. brAhmadharma jagatane zanya athavA mithyA mAnI jagatanA sarva vyavahArane

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ApaNA dharma nirupayeAgI ane artharahita anAvI de che, ane "pa" nI khoTI kalpanA hRdaya AgaLa UbhI karI e mRgatRSNA pAchaLa manuSyane doDAve che, ane e rIte enA A leAka paNa bagADI mUke che, evA mithyA AreApa e dharma upara keTalIka vAra lAvavAmAM Ave che. paNa jarA vicAra karatAM jaNAze ke pRthvI upara pravartatA sarva dharmoMmAM brAhmadharma ja eve che ke je A leAka ane paraleAka ane upara yeAgya dRSTi rAkhe che. . > ziSya guru pAse bhaNavA jAya tyArathI ene anya khAmatAnI sAthe 'kuzala' ane ' bhUti ' (AkhAdI)nI khAmatamAM pramAdI na rahevA upadeza devAmAM Aveche, ane te sAthe sarva pravRttionuM parama uddezyasthAna paramAtmA che e vAtanuM paNa smaraNa rakhAvavAmAM Ave che. have khIjA dharmoM tarapha najara pheravA. baudhaex A jagat duHkhamaya ane tattvazUnya gaNI tiraskArI kADhayuM, sarvatra saMnyAsa vistArI mUkayA, ane pariNAme sarve vyAvahArika vyavasthA zithila ane astavyasta karI nAMkhI. krizcayana dharma vyAvahArika pravRttione anukUla che ema vartamAnakALanI krizcayana prajAonI vartaNuka uparathI keTalAkane lAgatuM haze, paNa kharuM jotAM e prajAemAM e guNu rAma ane grIsamAMthI UtaryAM che. krAisTanA mukhya upadeza tA jagatanA vyavahAranI darakAra na karatAM paramezvara upara prema ane vizvAsa rAkhI rahevAnA che. sarmana Apha dha mAunTa' mAM e kahe che ke manuSye khAvApIvAnI ke eDhavApaheravAnI vastu mATe kkira karavAnI nathI, kAraNa ke vRkSeA ane paMkhIe enI kayAM kira rAkhe che? chatAM emane sarve maLI rahe che. A siddhAntane anusarI rAmana thAlika panthamAM saMnyAsanI rIti cAlI che, paNa te greTesTanTAe svIkArI - kuzalAnna pramaditavyaM bhUtyai na pramaditavyam " - tai. u. x gautama buddhanA peAtAnA Azaya judA hatA, paNa ApaNe te je dharme bauddha dharmane nAme pAchaLathI phelAyA tenI ja vAta karIe chIe. mULa bauddha dharma vastutaH brAhmadharmane aMge ja utpanna thayA hatA; ane eka vakhate vistarelA amuka dhAmi~ka kacarAnA nAza karavAnA e yatna hatA, ane e yatna ghaNe bhAge (temanta paNa thayA hatA. mATe vizALa arthamAM letAM ApaNA brAhmadharmamAM bauddhadharmanA paNa samAveza thAya che. paNa zrAddAdharmanA pratipakSI gaNAvAne e jeTale darajje dAvA kare, teTale darajje ene brAhmadharmathI judI gaNI carcA karI che,

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' ApaNe dharma nathI, temAM kAraNabhUta krizcana dharmanuM mULa svarUpa nathI; paNa I.sa. 14-15-16 bhAsakAthI zaru thaelI rema ane grIsanI-enA sAhityadvArA utpanna thaelI- asara che. A sarva ekadezitA (one-sidedness)nuM pariNAma e AvyuM che ke pAzcAtya prajA mahAbhArata ane bhAgavata jevo eka paNa dharmagrantha UpajAvI zakI nathI. UDI zei dezavyo checAra - jema jagata saMbandhI vicAramAM brAhmadharmamAM Ihaloka ane paralokane yogya vicAra darzAvyuM che, tema Izvara saMbadhI vicAramAM paNa brAhmadharma bahu UMDI zodha karI che. udAharaNa tarIke " gvyAM ratana zinyA antaro yaM pRthivI na veda yasya pRthivI zarIraM yaH pRthivImantaro camacati..paNa te almADatAzvataH" (je pRthvImAM rahyo chatAM pRthvIthI aMtara-jude che; jene pRthvI jANatI nathI, pRthvI jenuM zarIra che, ne je pRthvIne aMtaryAmI che......e ja tAro antaryAmI ane amRta AtmA che) ItyAdi, ekaekathI caDhIAtI vedanA samayathI mAMDI Aja paryanta asaMkhya uktio maLaze-jenA jevI anya dharmamAM jaDavI azakya che. bauddha dharme keTaloka vakhata Izvara saMbadhI vicAra na karyo, ane jyAre karyo tyAre ghaNuM karIne brAhmadharmanA anusAra ja karyo. kriniTie AraMbhamAM Izvarane eka manuSya-pitA tarIke ja karyo. ane pAchaLanA vakhatamAM IzvarasvarUpa saMbadhI je je gaMbhIra vicAra karyA te sarvamAM grIka philosophinI ja asara hatI. paraMparA saMbaMdhe emAM brAhAdharmane keTalo praveza hato e prazna bAjupara mUkIe te paNa eTaluM te siddha ja gaNaze ke IzvarasaMbaMdhI tatvavicAra kriniTimAM svatantra rIte udbhavyo nathI. chava saMbaMdhI vicAramAM paNa brAhmadharma sarva dharmomAM zreSTha padavI bhAgave che. bauddhamatavALAoe "AtmA" evI vastu ja svIkArI nahi, ane ene sthAne vijJAnanA pravAhane mUkI, dhamaracanA kAyama rAkhavA yatna karyo; arthAta, pAyA vinAnI imArata bAMdhavA jevuM karyuM. kriniTie AtmAnI utpatti mAnI, ane A rIte jaDavAdarUpI kalinA praveza mATe mArga karI Apyo, AtmAne janma mAnyA chatAM, vijJAnavAda svIkArI jagatanA draSTA tarIke IzvaranuM astitva siddha karyuM, ane temAM evI dalIla mUkI ke AtmAnA janma pahelAM jagata te hatuM ja, mATe te jagatano draSTA hovo joIe, je "Izvara-zabdavAcya che. paNa A sAthe eTaluM vIsarAI gayuM ke AtmA vinA jagata ane jagatane kaSTA baMne asaMbhavita che !

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ApaNe dharma "jIva-zivanA saMbandha viSe paNa judA judA dRSTibinduthI brAhadharma avalokana karyuM che. ane e dharma kevo nikaTa tathA Antara che te aneka rIte darzAvyuM che. "te tuM che," "he vibhe! virahI jema jagatane priyAmaya dekhe che tema huM jagatane tamArAmaya dekhuM chuM," "yazodA jhulAve putra pAraNe," pitA putranuM, sakhA sakhAnuM, priya priyAnuM, sahana kare che-tema he deva! mahAruM tame sahana karavA gya che."--ityAdi aneka rIte e saMbandhanuM pratipAdana karavAmAM AvyuM che. 3. "dhI" e mAtra vicArarUpa, jene zAstrIya paribhASAmAM "tarka athavA parokSAne kahe che, te nathI; mAtra kriyArUpa paNa nathI, eTale ke kartavya karavAmAM ja enI parisamApti nathI; tema ja mAtra hadayanA bhAvarUpa eTale bhakti ke AnandamAM ja enI parisamApti thAya che ema paNa nathI. dharmamAM e traNene adbhuta saMgraha thAya che, ane evI rIte paNa dharmanuM sarvadezIpaNuM hovuM joIe, ane te brAhmadharmamAM che. (1) mAtra vicAra e tattvacinanazAstra viSaya che ethI samyaga jJAna prApta thAya che, paNa te jJAna, dharma vinA, apakSa anubhava karAvI zakatuM nathI. (2) dharma e mAtra kriyArUpa nathI, ane tethI kartavya karavAmAM ja enI paripUrNatA nathI. kartavya karavAthI apApa thavAya che, pavitrapaNuM Ave che, paNa jyAM sudhI jJAnodaya thayA nathI tyAM sudhI viveka AvatuM nathI ane AtmA eka prakAranI jaDatA anubhave che, ane apApa thaIne siddha karavAne je parama uddeza te siddha thana nathI. (3) vicAra ane AcAra, jyAM sudhI emAM Anandane anubhava na thAya tyAM sudhI, manuSyane parama sAdhya tarapha daravAne asamartha che. jyAre jJAna meLavI, tadanusAra kriyA karI, e jJAna ane kriyA baMnemAM Ananda anubhavAya, tyAre dharmanuM prayojana siddha thayuM ema gaNAya. amuka kartavya saMbandhI siddhAnta jANyA chatAM, jyAM sudhI kartavya kArya thAya nahi tyAM sudhI jJAnanI sArthakatA nathI. kartavyajJAna meLavIne tadanusAra kArya karavAmAM paNa jyAM sudhI anicchA ke kheda jaNAya che ane Ananda AvatuM nathI tyAM sudhI kartavyabhAvanA apUrNa rahe che. jJAnamAM ane kriyAmAM AnandanuM siMcana karavuM e kAma savizeSa rIte dharmanuM che. dharma vinAnA zuSka jJAnamAM tathA kaThora kartavyakriyAmAM tavamasi", " vigha vize visAma pirAmi anmyN jagat "; "piteva putrasya sakheva sakhyuH priyaH priyAyArhasi pheya "!

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ApaNe dharma paNa kadAca koIne Ananda Ave khare, paNa te sakAraNa ane abAdhya tyAre ja thAya ke jyAre huM-tuMne bheda maTI jaI sarvatra jJAnapuraHsara brahmabhAva vistare, ane tanmaya sakala jIvita thaI svAbhAvika ugAra thAya ke- rvaDa kulina banatu ra vastu nirAmaya ! sarve bhadrANi pazyantu mA kazcid duHkhamApnuyAt // " (anna sarve sukhI rahe, sarve nirAmaya rahA, sarve bhadrane pAmo, keI paNa du:khI na rahe.)-je kAma khAsa karIne dharmanuM che. vastunuM yathArtha svarUpa zuM che e vicAravAnuM kAma paDradarzanAdi vicAragranthanuM che; sArAbeTAne eTale kAyakAryane upadeza karavo e kAma vidhiniSedhazAstranuM, arthAta saMkucita arthamAM dharma zabdane pravega karI jene "dharmazAstra kahevAmAM Ave che te zAstranuM che; ramaNIyArthanuM dyatana karavuM e kAma sAhityasaMgItAdi kalAonuM che. tattvazAstra pramANadvArA vastusvabhAvane nirNaya kare che, vidhiniSedhazAstra pravRttinivRttine upadeza kare che, kAvyAdisAhityagrantha-jevA ke itihAsapurANudi-te vastunuM ghatana karI tathA dharmavRttimAM caitanya apa Ananda anubhavAve che. A sarve uddezane saMgraha "dharma mAM thAya che. eka rIte jotAM sarva dharmamAM A traNa aMge skuTavA askuTa rUpe rahelAM hoya che, paNa brAhmadharmamAM vizeSa eTalo che ke emAM sarva aMge sArI rIte vikasita thayAM che eTaluM ja nahi paNa vedanA samayathI Aja paryata je je granthamAM e aMgenuM vadhAre vadhAre pheTana thatuM AvyuM che te sarvane dharmanA grantha tarIke mAna ApavAmAM Ave che. brAhmadharmanA anusArIo dharmasaMsthAne sAcavavA mATe ekatA khAtara tema ja Adigrantha tarIke vedane mAne che. tathApi vedane ja na vaLagI rahetAM "guNaH pUjAsthAna" e siddhAnta svIkArI teoe dharmavRtti jAgRta rAkhanAra sarva granthone yogya mAna ApyuM che ane te sAthe vedanI mahattA kAyama rAkhI che. A daSTie jotAM itihAsapurANanI brAhmadharmanA itihAsamAM sArthakatA samajAze. 4. manuSyane svAbhAvika rIte jJAnanA prakAzanI, kartavyabhAvanAnI, ane AtmabalanI jarUra che. e traNe AkAMkSAo jyAM sudhI pUrI na paDe tyAM sudhI dharmanuM prayojana saMpUrNa rIte siddha thayuM na gaNAya. (ka) manuSya jyAM jyAM daSTi nAMkhe che tyAM tyAM ajJAnadazAmAM prathama - te ene viSamatA ja pratIta thAya che. pitAne AtmA ene duHkha malinatA

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ApaNe dharma vagere aneka aniSTa padArthothI bharelo jaNAya che, ane te ja rIte vizvamAM paNa paraspara viruddha zaktione kalaha macI rahelo dekhAya che. e sarva viSamatAne TALavA tathA tene khulAso karavA enuM antaHkaraNa mathe che, ane A samaye ene dharmasaMbaMdhI jJAnanA prakAzanI jarUra paDe che. e jJAnane prakAza prApta thatAM ja vizva jude rUpe bhAsavA mAMDe che, duHkha sukharUpa thaI jAya che, pApano avakAza ja raheto nathI, ane jagatamAM virodha ke jaDatA evuM kAMI ja dekhAtuM nathI, pUrvane anubhava ane A navIna anubhava e be samAna kakSAnA mAtra kAlika piparya--eka pachI eka ema krama-vALA na lAgatAM, eka anubhava bIjA anubhavane bAdhaka thaI phure che; athata pUrvane anubhava che ane A khare ema pratIti thAya che. vedAnta vageremAM "jJAna " ema vAraMvAra uSa saMbhaLAya che enuM A ja rahasya che. (kha) dareka manuSyanA hRdayamAM kartavyanI amuka bhAvanAo hoya che, paNu bahu tIvra pratibhA vinA e bhAvanAo joIe tevI hRdaya AgaLa AlekhAtI nathI. ane kadAcita AlekhAya che to paNa te anya jana AgaLa upasthita karI ApavAnI sAdhAraNa rIte manuSyamAM zakti hotI nathI. e sarva sAmagrI jenAmAM hoya che te pitAnA jIvanathI, upadezathI, athavA ubhayathI anya janane te anubhavAvI zake che, ane dharmapravartaka athavA dharmamUrti tarIke jagatamAM pUjAya che. AvA mahAtmAo jagatamAM virala sthale ane virala kAle utpanna thAya che, mATe temanI khoTa pUrI pADa. vAnI jarUra rahe che; ane te kheTa temaNe pravartAvelA, temanA AtmAnI bAhyamUrtirUpa, dharmathI pUrI paDe che. brAhmadharma A kAma bahu sArI rIte bAvI zake ema che, e enA mahAbhArata rAmAyaNa bhAgavatAdi grantho jotAM siddha thAya che. rAma, sItA, damayaMtI, sAvitrI, yudhiSThira, dhruva, prahUlAda, hanumAna, harizcandra, ratideva vagere anekAneka kartavyabhAvanAnA AdarzabhUta dharmavIra strIpuruSo anyadharmanA granthamAM bhAgye ja jaNAze. ane jyAM jaNAya che tyAM paNa kAM to te dharmanA pradezathI kevala bahAra ja kevala sAhitya , granthamAM rAkhavAmAM AvelAM che, athavA to pratibhAnI mandatAne lIdhe temanI citrarekhA ghaNI jhAMkhI derAelI che, ane tethI hRdaya upara te bahu asara karI zakatAM nathI. (ga) jJAna maLyA chatAM, tathA kartavyanI bhAvanA tIvra upasthita thayA

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ApaNe dharma 13. chatAM paNa, keTalIka vakhata e bhAvanAne anusaravAnI zakti ApaNumAM nathI hatI ema ApaNuM mana tapAsatAM lAge che. eve vakhate brAhmadharma kAMIka apratima Atmabali ApI zake che-ema A lekhakanuM anubhavapUrvaka mAnavuM che. AthI para evI duniyA jeo mAnatA nathI temane punarjanmanI ghaTanAdvArA vizvanuM nItirahasya samajAvIne, svarganarakAdi vyavasthAthI satkAryamAM pravartI zakavAno jeone adhikAra hoya che teone tevI rIte, ane uttamadhikArIone uttama pravartaka-sarvAtmabhAvanI bhAvanA-batAvIne, sarvane yathAyogya rIte brAhmadharma satkAryamAM prere che, ane e tarapha pravartavA mATe bhagavAnanA avatAre ane sArUpI akhUTa bhaMDAramAMthI Atmabala lAvI Ape che. A Atmabala kizcayana dharma ja ApI zake che e vAta upara kidhyana pAdarIo khAsa bhAra mUke che. paNa yathArtha rIte tapAsI jotAM jaNAze ke, e dharmamAM manuSya AgaLa je pravartaka hetu (motive) mUkavAmAM Ave che te ApaNu jeTalA ucca vyApaka ane sabaLa nathI. tema enI kartavyabhAvanAnuM * daSTAnta-jIsasanuM jIvana-paNa ekadezI ane apUrNa che. ApaNuM zrIma bhagavadgItAnI samAna koTimAM mUkAtuM jIsasanuM "sana opha dha mAunTa" jeze te jaNAze ke emAM amuka kArya amuka rIte karavAno upadeza karyo che temAM pravartaka hetu e banAvyo che ke " great is your reward in heaven"--"ema karavAthI svargamAM tamane moTo badale maLaze." A pravartaka hetu nirjIva nathI e kharuM. paNa tema uttamottama kartavyabhAvanAne, zebhe te nathI e paNa spaSTa che. kriniTi AtmabalanA pravAha arthe ApaNI mAphaka avatArane siddhAta svIkAre che, paNa e phakta eka ja puruSane-jIsasane--ja avatAra mAne che. paNa A bAbata vicAra karatAM jaNAze ke manuSya je kartavyabhAvanA siddha karavAnI che e eka ja purUmAM saMpUrNa maLavI azakya cheH eka guNa eka vyaktimAMthI, te bIje bIjImAMthI, trIje trIjImAMthI levo paDe che. eTaluM ja nahi paNa dareka yuganAM- jamAnAnAM-kartavya judAM judAM utpanna thAya che, ane tadanusAra judI judI kartavyabhAvanAonI jarUra paDe che; je, amuka samaye amuka dezamAM utpanna thaelA amuka eka puruSamAM je samApta thavI azakaya che. A rIte, aneka daSTibinduethI avalokatAM ApaNuM dharmanI sarvottamatA pratyakSa thAya che, anya dharmo khoTA che ke tiraskArayogya che ema amAruM kahevuM nathI. vartamAna samayamAM te ApaNuM dhArmika sthiti bahu

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zrivaNa abhimAna karavA lAyaka rahI nathI ema kabUla karyA vinA cAlaze nahi. paNa ApaNA dharmane samagra ItihAsa ane vistAra dhyAnamAM laIzuM to emAM evI evI khUbI rahelI pratIta thaze ke je bIjA dharmamAM eTalI soSakAraka rIte maLavI azakya che-eTaluM ja amAruM tAtparya che - (prathama, sudarzana I. sa. 1897. pachI, vasanta vi. saM. 1958 mAgha. zravaNa "AtmA vA are zrotavyo mantavyo nididhyAsitavyaH "AtmAnuM zravaNa karavuM, manana karavuM, nididhyAsana karavuM" e kRtyanusAra zravaNa" "manana" ane "nididhyAsana' e traNa mokSanAM sAdhana manAya che, ane e traNamAM paNa "zravaNa ne prathama pada maLe che, kemake enA upara ja manana ane nididhyAsanane AdhAra che. ApaNAmAMthI ghaNAkharA prAcIna zAstrIpurANuo pAse "zravaNa kare che, ane e rIte AtmAnuM kalyANa thaze ema zraddhA rAkhe che, paNa vastutaH kevA zravaNathI lAbha che, kavuM zravaNa zAstrIya che e viSe bahu vicAra karavAmAM Avato hoya ema jaNAtuM nathI. (1) keTalIka vAra, eka bhUla te e thAya che ke "zravaNa ne arthagrahaNa sAthene tAvika saMbandha vastutaH dhyAnamAM levAtuM ja nathI. "zravaNa eTale sAMbhaLavuM, ane sAMbhaLavuM eTale kAnamAM zabdo paDavA devA; ane ATaluM thatAM zravaNa thayuM ema ghaNuvAra kRtakRtyatA mAnI levAya che. paraMtu nirakta (eka vedAMga) kAra yAskamunine A bAbata judo mata che ane te yathArtha che. kemake je samaya pUrvokta " nA vA re tAra" ityAdi zrutine vizvamAM prakAza thayo tyAre saMskRta bhASA lokamAM bahudhA pracalita bhASA hatI, ane zabdano uccAra thatAM ja sAdhAraNa mahinA ane gya saMskAra pAmelA manuSyane arthagrahaNa paNa thaI jatu. Ama hovAthI zabdane karNamAM laI tenI sAthe arthagrahaNa paNa karI levuM tenuM nAma

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' avaNa 15 * zravaNa',--ema ' zravaNa' zabdanA vAstavika ane prAcIna zAstrasaMmata artha che. ane za'karAcArye rAmAnujAcArya vagere pAchaLanA AcAyue paNa 'e ja artha kabUla rAkhyA che. (2). bIjI eka zrAnti evI cAle che ke zravaNa tema ja dhArmika sarve vyavahAra saMskRta bhASAmAM ja saphala thaI zake. kharI vAta che ke ApaNI dharma-bhASA saMskRta che, ane dharmanA viSayamAM e bhASAmAM jevI kheAdhakatA ane divyasphuraNa utpanna karavAnI zakti ApaNe anubhavIe chIe, tevI dhaNuM karI videzIya ke prAkRta bhASAmAM bhAgye ja anubhavI zakIe, paNa A vAta saMskRtanA uttama abhyAsa karIne e mAtRbhASAvata paricita karI levAya tyAre ja kharI che. te vinA to padArthanA mAtra magajamAM ja praveza thavAnA, hadayathI teA e vidUra ja rahevAnA. ApaNI prAkRta bhASAonuM, yeAgya lakSa daI e samajavAmAM Ave te, A viSayamAM sAmarthya thApuM nathI. khIra, nAnaka, suradAsa, tulasIdAsa, narasiddha Adi mahAna jJAnavIrezanA granthA hRdayane paramAtmatattvanI samIpa laI jaI sAkSAtkAra karAvavAmAM evA samartha che ke leAkane saMskRta tarapha jevI utkaMThA thAya che tevI ja te sAthe jo prAkRta bhASA taraph paNa thAya teA tethI dharma pravAha alavattara thayA vinA rahe nahi. prAkRta tarapha vimukhatA e ApaNI dharma saMbaMdhI adheAgatinuM eka mhATuM kAraNa che.na tyAre zravaNanA AtmA arthagrahaNa che ane arthagrahaNane svataH kAI bhASA sAthe saMma~nya nathI eTaluM smaraNamAM rAkhI avaNunA be traNa mArge vicArI joI e. 1, eka mArga puruSavizeSarUpa gurumukhethI zravaNu karavAnA che. A mArga yathArtha rIte AcaravAnA vidhi muNDakApaniSamAM batAvyA che. " dijJAnAthe jhumavAminaaita kSamiSaNiH zrotriya mAniSTham '-enA vijJAnArthe samipANi thaI zrAtriya ane brahmaniSTha gurunI ja pAse javuM ema * AvA paricaya thatAM, udAharaNa tarIke, zrImad bhagavadgItAnA 11 mA adhyAyamAM dhruvI vilakSaNa zakti Ave che! + bhASA zAkhA he sahI saMskRta so I mUla, mUla rahata he dhUlameM, zAkhA meM phala phUla | e vacanamAM atizayeAkti che. kharI, paNa e sarvathA satyahIna nathI.

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16 zrivaNa zrutinI AjJA che. "samitapANi" thaI eTale hAthamAM samidhu laI gurunI pAse javAmAM gurUzuzruSA karavA uparAMta rahasya evuM che ke agnihotranuM tattva samajI, te AcarI, brahmajJAna prApta karavA jatAM hRdayanA kAma-krodhAdivikArarUpI samidhane brahmajJAnanA azimAM homI devA mumukSue sajaja rahevuM. guru pasaMda karavAmAM paNa mumukSue atyanta viveka rAkhavAnuM che, ane te e ke guruzotriya" ane "brahmaniSTae joIe. "zrotriya" kahetAM kRtimAM kuzala. kRtine amuka rItie uccAra karI jo emAM zrotriyatvanI parisamApti thatI nathI; parisamApti te zuM, paNa Arambha paNa thato nathI ema khuzIthI kahI zakAya; kemake ApaNI AjakAla dharma saMbaMdhe je vicArazUnyatA pravarte che te jotAM, emAM aitriyatne Arambha thAya che ema kahevuM paNa, yathArtha chatAM, jokhama bhareluM che. tyAre "zrotriya" koNa? zrati mATe bIjo zabda "veda che eTaluM vicAratAM paNa spaSTa che ke "veda" nAma jJAna, te jeNe saMpAdana karyuM hoya te ja zotriya. paNa jema amuka zabdaccAramAM vyAyitva nathI tema amuka zabdane amuka artha che eTaluM samajavAmAM paNa zretriyatna AvI rahetuM nathI. pUrve A patramAM eka prasaMge batAvyuM che tema "zrati eTale gya karNane vizvatantramAM saMbhaLAtA "para" nA "UMDA bhaNakAra'; ane e bhaNakAra jeNe samagra AtmAmAM-magajamAM tema ja hRdayamAM, IndrimAM temaja manamAM, vANImAM tema ja kRtimAM-kaI kaI vakhata paNa anubhavyA hoya te zrotriya.' guru zrotriya hovA uparAMta "brahmaniSTa" joIe. brahmaniI eTale zuM? tatvacintana zAstrano kaThina mArga bAjupara mUkatAM "brA" zabdano artha samajavA mATe uttama sAdhana e zabdanI vyutpatti upara lakSa devuM e che. brahma' zabda -vRddha (vadhavuM, to grow) e uparathI thayo che ema manAya che. ane e rIte jotAM vizvanI vRddhino, vizvanA vikAsane jethI khulAso thaI zake che, rahasya samajAya che, e Antara tattvanuM nAma "brahma" che. paNa Ama vRddhi sAthe joDAeluM brahma te savizepa brahma ja, eTale vizvanI sAthe amuka pramANe joDAI ene calAvanAra brahma te ja, ema kadAca zAMkara siddhAnta sAme vAMdho levAmAM Ave. paNa brahmazabdanI eka bIjI vyutpatti-je pUrvanA jeTalI ja prAcIna che-te vicAratAM nirvizeSa svarUpa paNa phalita thaI zake che. ati prAcIna samayathI-saMhitAnA samayathI-ta zabda vizALa, mahetuM, anavacchinna e arthamAM vaparAya che, ane e zabda ra zabdane sahodara che, tethI caM eTale anAvacchinna vastutattva ema artha paNa nIkaLe che.

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zravaNa 17 A rIte vyutpattimAMthI nIkaLatA arthamAM brahmAnAM saMpAdhika ane nipAdhika ubhaya svarUpane samAveza karI zakAya che. A ubhayarUpa brahmAmAM je nitAna sthita te "brahmaniSTha." yadyapi jaDacidAtmaka samasta vizva vastutaH brahmamAM ja sthita che, tathApi jeNe e prakAranI sthitine jJAnapura sara anubhava karyo che te ja vizeSa arthamAM "brahmaniSTha" che mAtra zrotriya eTaluM ja kahevAthI saMpUrNa gurutvamAM je apUrNatA rahI jAya che, te brahmaniSTa padathI pUrAya che. arthAta paramAtmatatvanuM AtmAne vAraMvAra zravaNa thayA chatAM paNa, brahmaniSThatA eTale brahmamAM nitAnta sthiti-AtmasamarpaNa, ene abhAva saMbhavI zake che; ane enuM ja nivAraNa karavA ane brahmAnika zabdano prayoga che. mAtra brahmaniSTha' kahetAM samasta vastujAta brahmaniSTa che ja ema zaMkA levAmAM Ave, teTalA mATe "zrotriya" pada che. kahevAnuM tAtparya ke "zrotriya" dvArA ja, arthAt samagra AtmAmAM pUrva batAvyuM tema paratavanA gaMbhIra dhvaninuM zravaNa karIne ja brahmaniSThatva prApta thAya che, ane "brahmaniSThava" thatAM " nADatoDalita draSTA, nAnyatogaNita zaar""e (paramAtmA) vinA anya kaSTa nathI, zrotA nathI" ema nizcaya thaI AtmA brahmabhAva anubhave che. A rIte zravaNa karI jeNe brahmabhAva prApta karyo che evA guru pAsethI ja upadeza levA zAstranI AjJA che, anya pAsethI nahi. 2, zravaNane eka bIjo prakAra granthamukhe zravaNa karavAnuM che, ApaNA prAcIna" mAM puruSa vizeSarUpa gurumukhe prApta karelA zravaNane ja "zravaNuM mAnavAmAM Ave che. ane ene ja saMpradAyasiddha mekSasAdhanatAnI padavI maLe che. ATaluM kharuM che ke gurudvArA prApta thayeluM jJAna kadAca vizeSa paripUta ane balavAhI hovA saMbhava che, kemake manuSya AtmAmAM evuM sAmarthya raheluM che ke AtmA AtmAnI samIpa AvatAM mAtra mukhAkRti, daSTi ke vANathI e evI vilakSaNa asara utpanna karI zake che ke je sahastra granthathI paNa thaI zakatI nathI. paNa A vAta asAdhAraNa AtmA paratve ja kharI che. hAlanA samayamAM egya guru maLavo kaThina che ema zekedgAra je ke ghaNuMvAra sAMbhaLavAmAM Ave che, chatAM Ama kheda darzAvanArA pAmara janomAthI ja keTalAka game tevA miththA saMnyAsI yegI ke zAstrIne guru karI mAne che, tathA evA puruSo pAse ja vedAntanuM ane anya zAstranuM rahasya hoya che ema abdha zraddhA rAkhI vRthA bhrAtimAM bhame che. paNa kharuM jotAM to varta

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zravaNa mAna samayamAM AvA alaukika puruSe maLavA azakya che eTaluM ja nahi paNa ItihAsamAM paNa AvA janone AvirbhAva virala kALe ane virala sthaLe ja daSTigocara thAya che. tyAre A jotAM, ApaNe hAlamAM nakkI karavAno prazna e rahe che kekevaLa sAdhAraNa varganA puruSa pAsethI pratyakSa upadeza levo e ThIka, ke asAdhAraNa puruSa pAsethI enA granthadvArA je pakSa upadeza maLe e ThIka? A praznano eka ja uttara ghaTe che. asAdhAraNuM puruSo pitAnA anupama AtmAne potAnA granthamAM kevI sArI rIte saMkrAnta karI zake che e vAta je dhyAnamAM levAmAM Ave te sahaja samajAya ema che ke A bIjo bhAga ja uttama che. tyAre A dvitIya zravaNane mArga zI rIte pravartavuM ? atre adhikAra nA sAdhanasAmagrI, viSaya, ane paddhati, e traNa bAbata upara lakSa rAkhavAnuM che. temAM adhikAra ane yogya sAdhanasAmagrImAM sarvathI adhika AvazyakatA satyaparAyaNatAnI che. pratyeka abhyAsamAM, ane vizeSataH dharmanA abhyAsamAM, abhyAsIe avazya pALavAne, tathA vicAramAM svatasiddha kabUla thato chatAM AcAramAM vAraMvAra vasarAI jato evo, mahAna niyama te A satyaparAyaNatAne che. dharmane viSaya dezakAlAdi sarva upAdhithI para che. amuka siddhAMta pUrvane che ke pazcimane, prAcIna che ke arvAcIna, evo niSkAraNa bheda dehAtmavAdamAMthI ja--eTale AtmAne amuka dezamAM ke amuka kAlamAM vasato piDa mAnavAthI ja-udbhave che. dharmanA viSayamAM bhUta bhaviSya ke vartamAna koI paNa kAla mATe hadayane pakSapAta thAya, athavA to atratya ane videzIya vicAranu samAna rIte hadaya sanmAna na karI zake, te prakRta viSayamAM praveza karavAne gya adhikAra prApta thayo nathI ema samajI levuM. paramAtmA satyasvarUpa che ane satya upara ekanidA rAkhavAthI ja prApta thaI zake che, mATe vicAra calAvatAM pariNAmamAM anIzvaravAda Ave che ke IzvaravAda, jaDavAda ke citanyavAda, zaMkAvAda ke zraddhAvAda-e viSe paNa prathamathI Agraha dharavo na joIe. Tenisana kahe che tema "zaMkA ghaNI vAra zraddhA karatAM paNa uccatara ane vastutaH zraddhArUpa hoya che. satyaparAyaNatA sAthe bIjI AvazyakatA jijJAsAnI che. A jijJAsA te mAtra sAdhAraNa jANavAnI IcchA ema samajavAnuM nathI. paraMtu icchAnI sAthe viSaya prati hadayano utkaMThabhAva $ ucI Doka.

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zravaNa 19. paNa ho joIe. ane te paNa sahajamAM tRpta thaI jAya evo nirmAlyA na hovo joIe. zAstramAM kahe che tema agnithI javalanta kezavALe purupa jalAzayamAM jeTalA vegathI paDavA jAya che, teTalA vegathI vyavahArathI para je puruSArthabhUta tattva che tenI zodhamAM pravartavuM joIe. vaLI e pravRtti zekharUpI ja ke philasuphInA ADambararUpI na hatAM, paramapuruSArtha rUpe satya zodhI kADhavAnI hovI joIe. ATalI sAmagrI siddha thayA pachI ja zravaNa rogya svarUpa dhAraNa kare che. dharmane viSaya vizAla che, ane tadanurUpa asaMkhya granthamAM enuM jJAna AvirbhIta thAya che, paraMtu eno viSayavibhAga pADI abhyAsa karavAmAM Ave te mArga sarala thaI zake ema che. viSayavibhAga kAMIka A rIte karI zakAya - (%) tatvacintana (Philosophy), eTale padArthanA bhAsamAna svarUpathI para tavabhUta svarUpa zuM che, ane e taravanI dRSTie bhAsamAna svarUpane ze khulAso che-ene buddhiArA vicAra. A vicAranI traNa zAkhAo paDe che -(1) sata -viSayaka (brAhya ane Antara sata-viSayaka Metaphysics ane Psychology), (2) kartavyaviSayaka (Ethics), ane (3) sandaryaviSayaka (Esthetics); jemAMthI prathama be prakRta viSayamAM savizeSa upayogI che. (Na) kavitA (Poetry), eTale pUrvokta viSayanuM hadayadvArA samAlocana; prakRti ane manujaAtmAnA vividha svabhAvavarNanamAM kavipratibhA je para tattvanuM darzana karAve che te. () brahmavidyA tathA vizeSa arthamAM dharma (Theology-Universal ane Particular); eTale jagatanA mahAna dharmapravartaka ane brahmavettAo (tArkika ke zabdArthamImAsake nahi) temaNe prakRta viSayamAM AcAra ane vicAradhArA prakaTa karelAM parama satya, tathA e satyanA prAdurbhAvanAM vizeSa svarUpe. A traNe viSayane saMpUrNa abhyAsa eka manuSyajIvanamAM prApta karavo azakya che e to kharuM ja, tathApi krame krame zAtithI, daDhatAthI, ane paddhatianusAra cAlatAM ghaNuM saMpAdana thaI zake ema che. jagatanA prathama varganA mahAtmAonI,-eTale ke uparane viSayavibhAga letAM, parama koTinA tava* zravaNanA dvitIya prakAramAM AnA upara bhAra mUkavAnuM kAraNa eTaluM ja ke atre upadeSTA puruSa sAkSAta na hovAthI vizeSa bhrama thavA saMbhava rahe che.

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zravaNa cintake, kavio, dharmapravarti ane brahmavettAonI,-saMkhyA ghaNuM nathI; ane phakta temanA, tema ja temane lagatA, mukhya granthane ja abhyAsa karavAmAM Ave che tethI prakRta mArgamAM ghaNuM siddha thaI zake ema che. sArI peThe lakSamAM rAkhavAnI bAbata paddhati che. zravaNanuM prayojana manana ane nididhyAsana che e vicAratAM, zravaNa kevI paddhatithI karavuM joIe e samajAya che. prathama to ApaNuM mahAna viSayamAM mukhya avAra viSayo zA zA che e vize spaSTa jJAna meLavI levuM joIe; jemake jIva (aAtmA), jagat ( A) ane Izvara (tata-paramAtmA) e rIte. tyAra pachI e pratyeka saMbadhI zI zI bAbatano khulAso karavAno che tenuM grahaNa karavuM joIeudAharaNa tarIke, AtmAnuM svarUpa-amara ke nazvara ? svatantra ke paratanna? kartA ke akartA ityAdi. pachI e upara nIcenI traNa paddhatione anusarI adhyayana thavuM joIe. (1) aitihAsika paddhati (Historical Method),-eTale tattvacittanano tathA brahmavidyA (dharma) ne pravAha bhinna bhinna dezamAM, kALamAM, ane avAntara viSaya para kevI rIte pravaryo che e aitihAsika daSTibinduthI, kAraNasahita samajavA yatna karo. arthAta-bharatakhaMDa cIna esI riA khAchIA pelesTAIne IjIpTa rAma grIsa ityAdi dezavAra, buddha krAIsTa vyAsa zaMkara Adi mahAtmAonA samayavAra, tathA jJAna bhakti karma jaDavAda caitanyavAda Adi avAntara viSayavAra, prakRta viSayanuM samagra aitihAsika svarUpa dhyAnamAM levuM. vikAsa paNa aitihAsika krame ja cAlato hovAthI vikAsa (Evolution) paddhatine paNa atre samAveza thAya che. (2) telana-paddhati (Comparative Method): vividha dezanAM ane vividha kAlanAM vicArasvarUpo sarakhAvI jevAM, jemAMthI pachI manana karatAM sAmAnya ane vizeSa tara tAravI zakAya. (3) nigamana-paddhati (Deductive Method)-eTale svataMtra rIte vastunA mUla svarUpamAMthI ja prastuta viSayamAM siddhAnto upajAvI kADhavAnI paddhati, jene anusaravAthI tAttvika ane Akasmika aMzane bheda pADI zakAya che.* - A paddhati kharuM jotAM manananA aMgamAM paDe che, paNa zravaNa ane manana eka bIjA sAthe evAM guMthAelA che ke ene atre mUkavAmAM paNa kAMI aDacaNa nathI. A paddhatinA grantho jevA e zravaNa che.

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zravaNa 1 Ama egya adhikAra meLavI samasta viSayane upara batAvelI paddhatie abhyAsa karatAM karatAM gantavya sthAne pahoMcAya che. zrI kRSNa kahe che tema aneka janmanA saMskAra thayA pachI ja "parA gati prApta thAya che.* ane A kAThinyamAM ja enI bhavyatA che. A viSayamAM yadyapi chevaTanI phalasiddhi atyanta dUra che, tathApi jeTalo yatna thAya teTalAnuM avAntara phala te tatkAla thayA vinA rahetuM nathI. mATe atre nirAzA ke utAvaLa ke alpasaMtuSTatA e sarva sarakhI rIte asthAne che. 3zravaNane trIjo prakAra vizvamukhe zravaNa karavAno che. vizvamukhe zravaNa-e jarA vicitra vidhi jaNAze khare. paNa vastutaH, sarva zravaNamAM prAcInamAM prAcIna ane arvAcInamAM arvAcIna zravaNa te A ja che. A paNuM Adi maharSiothI AraMbhI krAIsTa buddha mahamada ane chevaTe varDajhavartha jevA kavi paryanta A zravaNane aMgIkAra thAya che. A zravaNanAM be dvAra cheH (1) bAgha-prakRticitra, ane (2) Antara-hadayaguha. prAcIna grIsamAM hadayaguhA karatAM prakRtidvArA paratattvanuM vizeSa zravaNa thayuM hatu; gautama buddhane hRdayaguhAmAM ja alaukika mahimA anubhavAyo hato, ane pAchaLanuM bauddha tattvacintana jatAM te te eTale sudhI ke e guhAmAM saMbhaLAtA dhvaninu nidAna e dhvani ane guhA ubhaya karatAM para che e vAta bAjupara rAkhI e guhAne, ane vadhAre yogya rIte kahIe te e dhvanine ja, paratatvane sthAne sthApI dIdhe. ApaNuM brAhmadharmamAM bAhya ane Antara ubhaya aMzane samAna sanmAna maLyuM che e vAta pUrve "ApaNe dharma" e nAmanA lekhamAM spaSTa karI batAvI che. atre eTaluM ja kahevuM basa thaze ke " mA2 catta" ane "phAyanitthAta" e be brahmasUtrane gUDha Azaya A be tattva sUcavavAnuM jaNAya che kAraNuvicAra ane kartavyavicAra e bemAM paramAtmAnuM zravaNa thAya che. paNa vicAra paryanta na jatAM mAtra varDjhavartha jene "wise passiveness" kahe che tevI vizuddha zAntithI zravaNa karavA tatpara rahevAya te paNa e zravaNa thayA vinA rahe nahi. paraMtu A zravaNa laukika zravaNendriyathI thaI zakatuM nathI. kavi vajhavartha kahe che tema " .it was audible, Most audible, then, when the fleshly ear, O'ercome by humblest prelude of that strain, Forgot her functions, and slept undisturbed," "jevA nAsitata cata para gati"-. It.

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apaNe tattvajJAna alaukika saMnikarSa dvArA samagra AtmA e para padArtha sAthe eka thaI prakAzapUrNa thatAM sAkSAta ane vagara sAdhane ja para padArtha grahaNa kare che. A zravaNane tRtIya prakAra. Ama traNe prakAranuM sArI rIte anuzIlana thatAM, "ota thaH " padA zravaNavidhi saMpUrNa thAya che. -sudarzana I. sa. 1899, mArca.

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ApaNuM tattvajJAna ApaNuM tattvajJAna hindusthAna enI aneka saMpattiomAM koI paNa eka saMpatti mATe savizeSa abhimAna rAkhe che te te enuM tattvajJAna che. chatAM, ghaNAne Azcarya lAgaze ke keTalAka pAzcAtya vidvAnee-te paNa "vAvAM sAdhu suna nara' e nyAye nahi, paNa zuddha buddhithI, ApaNuM tattvajJAnane vakhoDI kADhyuM che, balka ene "tatvajJAna ja na kahevAya ema AkSepa karyo che. vastutaH e "tattva'nuM jJAna vA jJAna mATe yatna che emAM te koIne vivAda nathI paNa kharI rIte jotAM e "jJAna" nathI paNa mAtra vastunI jhAMkhI che ema e AkSepakAranuM kahevuM che. emanA kahevAnuM tAtparya e che ke "jJAna" e paddhatisara karelo vicAra ho jAIe; jenI hindusthAnanA kahevAtA taravajJAnamAM khAmI che. A sAthe joDAelo eka bIjo AkSepa karavAmAM Ave che te e che ke ApaNuM tattvajJAna "dharma" sAthe saMkIrNa (seLabheLa) thaI gaeluM che ane tethI emAM taravajJAnanuM zuddha svarUpa jovAmAM AvatuM nathI. A baMne AkSepa sAMkaDI vicArasaraNine lIdhe utpanna thaelA che. prathama bIjA AkSepane vicAra karIe. tattvajJAna dharma sAthe saMkIrNa hoya e deSa che? dharma ane tatvajJAna baMnene viSaya eka ja nathI ? dharmanAM - satya tapAsavAM ane dRSTigocara karavAM, e ja tattvajJAnanuM kArya nathI? tattvajJAnanAM satya upara vizva TakI (6) rahyuM che, e batAvavAnuM ane batAvIne ene jIvanamAM vaNavAnuM kAma dharmanuM che. ane tethI svAbhAvika rIte baMne eka bIjA sAthe maLIne kAma kare tyAre ja emanI saphaLatA thAya. pazcimamAM dharma ane tatvajJAnanA vizleSanuM kAraNa aitihAsika che, tAtvika nathI; arthAta emane vizleSa ha ema emanA tatvamAMthI nIkaLatuM nathI. paNa itihAsamAM ema banyuM che ke yurope ene dharma pelesTAInamAMthI lIdho ane enuM tatvajJAna grIsamAMthI lIdhuM; ene pari. NAme baMne chUTAM paDI gayAM. temAM paNa khristI dharmanA AraMbhakALamAM te e dharmanA je siddhAnto baMdhAyA te grIka tattvajJAnanI asara nIce ja baMdhAyA hatA; seMTa pAlane khristI dharma te jIsasanA sAdA, sIdhA ane 1 bhavabhUti-uttararAma carita.

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- ApaNuM tattvajJAna saraLa dharma karatAM bahu ja jude-citra ane gaMbhIra tattvajJAnathI bharelo hatA. ane te pachInA madhyakAlIna yugamAM paNa khristI dharmanA pAdarIo upara erisToTalane bahu prabhAva rahyo. paNa AgaLa jatAM khristI dharmanA sidAte tatvajJAnanI daSTie zithila thavA lAgyA ane bene paraspara virodha prakaTa thavA lAgyo, tyAre keTalAka dhArmika AtmAoe dharma ane tattvajJAnane kTA pADyAM, ane e rIte emane laDhatAM aTakAvavA ane emano avirodha sAdhavAno yatna karyo. paNa vastutaH AvA kRtrima yane saphaLa thatA nathI; dharma ane tattvajJAnanI asara paraspara thayA vinA rahetI ja nathI, ane na ja rahevI joIe. chatAM emanA aitihAsika janmanI daSTie ane anukULatA khAtara emane beTI rIte chUTAM kalpI zakAya che, ane e mithyAkalpanAnusAra pazcimanA pUrvokta tattvajJAe emane bheda mAnI lIdhuM che. have pahelo AkSepa laIe. e AkSepamAM vicAraNi e ja "jJAna" ema jJAnanA svarUpanI sAMkaDI samajhaNa rahelI che. pazcimanA tattvajJAnamAM grIka philasupha erisToTalanI asara lAMbe kALa cAlI hatI, ane e mahAna tatvavettAe tattvanA nirNayanI je paddhati pADI hatI te ja yurepaamerikAmAM pracalita thaI. yurepanA madhyayugamAM te e tattvavicAranuM sAmrAjya amApa hatuM. paraMtu arvAcIna yugamAM AvatAM jarmana philasupha kAnTanI asara taLe paNa e ja "paddhatisara vicAra karavAnI praNAlI cAlyAM karI che. jJAna e eka jIvanta padArtha hoI ene svacchanda vilasavAne adhikAra che, ane e pramANe e vilase che ja; balka vizvanAM parama ane carama satyo jeTalAM paddhatisara vicAra vaDe nahi, teTalAM divya darzanamAM prakaTa thayAM che. AvA divyadarzananuM eka sarvagrAhya svarUpa kavipratibhA che. ane tethI tattvajJAna e tArkikane ja sAdhya che ema nathI, kiMtu kavipratibhAmAM e puSkaLa prakaTa thayuM che, ane A dezanA prAcIna tatvoe ene kavi kalpanAmAM mUrtimanta karyuM che. ane te yogya ja che. mi. cITsa (AyalenDano DeTa kavi) kahe che: "Whatever of Philosophy has been made poetry is alone permanent" ane vartamAna IgleMDane suvikhyAta vicAraka DIna iga prazramukhe e ja kahe che ke " Have not the profoundest incuitions of faith been often wrapped up in poetical

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ApaNuM tatvajJAna 5 myths and symbols, which dogmatism turns into flat historical narratives and rationalism as ponderously rejects ?..... And have not the greatest philosophers been more than half poets? We value Spinoza not for his geometrical metaphysics but for the flashes of vision in which the amor intellectualis makes him a . God-drunken man'? Plato is for ever unintelligible till we read him as a prophet and prose poet, and cease to hunt for a system in his writings." ApaNuM prAcIna granthAmAM A pramANe tatvajJAna kavipratibhAmAM pragaTa thayAnAM asaMkhya udAharaNa che. upaniSadamAM kathanI upAsanA cheH "phI' eTale uccareluM bahAra prakaTeluM gAna. A sRSTi ane enA kendrabhUta sUrya Adi mahAna padArtho, e paramAtmAnA gAna rUpa che e bhAva e upAsanAne antamAM rahelo che. sRSTinA kartAne eka kuMbhAra ke ghaDIALI rUpe kalpavo te karatAM ene kavi ke saMgItakAra rUpe kalpo emAM kevI sundaratA ane bhavyatA ba9 adhika yathArtha raheluM che ! IzvaranI ardha-nArInaTezvaranI kalpanAmAM bIjA rUpakathI vizvanI utpattine sthAne enI sthitinuM svarUpa batAvavAno yatna che. A vizvamAM prabhunuM adbhuta nRtya thayA kare cheH e neTanA nRtyamAM sthiti (static) uparAMta kriyA (dynamic) mUrtimanta thAya che ane e mUrtinI AkRtimAM sthiti ane kriyAnI alaukika samatA pratIta thAya che. ardhanArIzvaranI kalpanAmAM prakRti ane puruSane samanvaya vivakSita che, ane emanA lAsya ane tANDavamAM paNa e ja pramANe sundaratA ane bhavyatA ekaThAM thAya che. kRNa-pInA rAsamAM paNa e ja eka bIje tatvajJAnane bhAva rahelo che. A vizva eka akhaMDa rAsa3-arthAta rasamaya nRtyanI lIlA yA gara-che, jenA madhyamAM kendrarUpe prabhu virAje che, AsapAsa prakRtinI vividha zaktio garabe ramI rahI che, temAM, pratyeka gepInI sAthe eka 1 naiyAyika rUpaka. 2 aMgreja philasupha pelI (Paley)nuM rUpaka 3 anyatra vedamAM aneka sthaLe. 4 kAraNa ke emAM pRthapha upAdAna kAraNa mAnavuM paDatuM nathI. 1 strInu kamaLa nRtya. 2 puruSanu ugra nRtya. 3 nitya rAsa nArAyaNu kere." 4 nareno chone samUha te "nAra ayana

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ApaNuM tatvajJAna eka kRSNa dekhAya che. ene bhAvArtha e che ke prabhu A vizvanA madhyabindue vaselo che eTaluM ja nahi paNa enA vartuLamAM paNa AveluM cheH arthAta paramAtmA prakRtithI para chatAM prakRti sAthe joDAela che, nirguNa hAIne paNa saguNa che; ane jeo ene nirguNa nahi puNa saguNa ja mAne che teo to vizeSamAM rAsanA madhyamAM paNa kRSNa ane rAdhA-brahma ane mAyAnuM yugala kape che. sRSTinuM eka bIjuM bhavya ane ramaNIya rUpaka zeSazAyI nArAyaNa ane lakSmInuM che. sRSTi pUrve ananta sattane eka zeSa-TukaDohA ke ene ja ananta kaho, enA upara nArAyaNa prabhu piDhelA che. lakSmIjI nAma paramAtmAnI "lakSma" (lakSaNa)-bhUta sundara zakti-Glory-paga AgaLa prabhunuM mukha nihALatI beThI che. e prabhunA nAbhimAMthI madhyamAMthI kamaLa jevuM-eka phUla jevuM A vizva UgeluM che ane enA upara brahmAe ja nArAyaNanuM sarjaka svarUpa-beTheluM che. e prathama veda rUpa jJAnanI bhAvanA prakaTa kare che, ane vizvanA vividha jaDa cetana padArtho sarje che. zakti saMpradAyamAM devIne "aSTabhujA" kalpI che. emAM bhagavadgItAnI prasiddha aSTavidha prakRtinuM sucana spaSTa rUpe che. zaba upara ubhelI ke siha ke vyAdhra upara birAjelI devAmAM paNa asura pAra manuSyatAne mArI enA upara rAcatI, manuSyanI ugra pazutAne vaza karI enA upara virAjatI devI saMpattinuM ApaNane darzana thAya che. A viSaye-daivI saMpatti ane AsurI saMpattino vigraha ane emAM prabhunI sahAyatAthI daivI saMpattine thato vijya, eNe ApaNA pUrvajonuM eTaluM badhuM dhyAna rahyuM che ke e parANene pradhAna vivaya "devAsura saMgrAma" thaI paDayo che. emAM e dhyAnamAM rAkhavAnuM che ke sAruM ane khoTuM e be paraspara bhinna chatAM eka ja vizvanAM aMga che, tethI deva ane asura baMnene eka ja prajApatinA putra mAnya che, ane temAM manuSyanI svAbhAvika sthiti AsurI hAI pachIthI ene saMskArIne devI karavAnI che tethI asurane heTA ane devane nhAnA bhAI kahyA che. nAma gantavya AzrayasthAna te "nArAyaNa-parama puruSa, 5 "Logos. 6 // bhUmirApo'nalo vAyuH khaM mano buddhireva ca / ahaGkAra itIyaM meM bhinnA prakRtiraTavA / " 1. [za 4 prajJApunyA vidyAkuza tattaH zAnIranA va

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ApaNuM tattvajJAna ApaNAM zAstronI kavi kalpanAmAM gaMbhIra tattvajJAna raheluM che e vastusthiti avagaNavAthI meMkasamUlara jevA hindusthAnane mATe sAdhAraNa rIte prema ane pakSapAta dharAvanAra vidvAne paNa kevI bhUla karI hatI tenuM eka ramujI udAharaNa RgyedasaMhitAnA hiraNyagarbha sUktanI prasiddha paMkti sevA viSar vidhe" ene sAyaNAcArye karelA arthane mekasa mUlare karelo upahAsa che. e paMktinA "vA padane lai ne sAyaNAcArye prajApati" artha karyo che. je pAchaLanA sAhityamAM suprasiddha che. maeNkasa mUlara sAyaNAcAryanA arthane hasI kADhe che, paraMtu e arthane mULa artha sAthe zuM saMbaMdha che e viSe emaNe vicAra karyo nathI. e vicAra karyo hota te te upahAsa karavAne badale kAMIka UMDuM satya e joI zakata. e vicAra mATe magajamArI karavI paDe ema paNa nathI, enuM rahasya aitareya brAhmaNamAM spaSTa vAMcavAmAM Ave che. Indra prajApatine kahyuM ke meM vRtrane mAryo ane saghaLuM jItavAnuM che, mATe tamArU mahatva mane Apo. prajApatie uttara dIdho ke ema karU te pachI huM =keNa rahyo ? Indra kahyuM ke tame kahyuM ke pachI huM "zara =keNa, mATe tame "= joina thAo. AnuM tAtparya evuM che ke jyAre saguNa brahma asurane haNe che tyAre te upAsya thAya e svAbhAvika che. paNa ema thAya te pachI nirguNa brahma e ? kahetAM praznarUpa thaI jAya ane enuM mahatva cAlyuM jAya. A ja kAraNathI keTalAka vedAntIo saguNa brahmane ja mAne che ane nirguNa brahmane niSedha kare che. A AkhyAyikAmAM e bhayanuM sUcana karI upadezanuM tAtparya e upasthita karyuM che ke nirguNa brahma ja saguNamAM prakaTa thatuM hovAthI enuM mahattva rahevuM joIe, kAraNa ke bhale devAsurasaMgrAmanAM yuddho saguNa brahma jIte, paNa saguNanuM adhikAna nirguNa che e bhUlavAnuM nathI. Ama ApaNuM tattvajJAna darzane granthA tarIke je suprasiddha che temAM ja raheluM nathI, paNa prAcIna vedathI mAMDI purANa sudhInA granthanI kavipratibhAmAM prakaTa thaeluM che. A ApaNuM tattvajJAnanuM bhUSaNa che, dUSaNa nathI. - vasanta, zrAvaNa saMvata 1989 tyAre te ane . te pachI thAnA keTalAka vepArI levA cAcarA sura" (ba. u5) 2 sAyaNAcArya e karyo che. ane tethI lakhe cheH "hiM thoDaniSNatazvaraparvata prajJAbato vartate." 3. Ane vedamAM anyatra "ka" kahyuM che, kArlAila jene "x' kahe che,

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zraddhA ane zaMkA ~ zraddhA ane zaMkA eka vidvAne kahyuM che ke "Doubt is the disease of privileged souls." "zaMkA e AtmAne rAga che, paNa e roga hovo e paNa eka asAdhAraNa adhikAra che." A vacanamAM zaMkAnI nindA ane stuti ubhaya che, ane e spaSTa rIte samajatAM mekSane anukUla ane pratiphUla zakAnAM svarUpa samajAze. saMsAyA vinati" ema zrImadbhagavadgItAnuM vAkya laI ene AdhAre ghaNI vAra ema mAnavAmAM Ave che ke saMzaya-zaMkA-je aniSTa padArtha AtmajJAnanA mArgamAM bIjo nathI, ane zraddhA e ja parama puruSArtha siddha karavAnuM mukhya sAdhana che. paraMtu A viSayamAM keTaloka viveka karavAnuM che, je na karavAthI abdha zraddhA ke duSTa saMzaya pariNAme nIpaje che. karavAno siddha karavAnA mArgamAM Avela kAma , tA - manuSya "zraddhAmaya" che, ane "jenI jevI zraddhA te te" -e vAkya viruddha kAMI paNa kahI zakAya ema nathI. e te siddha che ke manuSyane zraddhA na hoya to enI pravRtti ja saMbhave nahi. amuka padArtha amuka prakArane vastutaH che ema mAnIne ja-arthAta zraddhApUrvaka jarmanuSya sarva vyavahAramAM Utare che, ane manuSya kSaNavAra paNa vyavahArazanya TakI zakato nathI. sAyansa je zaMkAnuM utpattisthAna che, te paNa kharuM jotAM kAryakAraNanA mahAniyama upara zraddhA rAkhIne ja pravarte che. amuka kAryakAraNaniyamane je sthaLe bhaMga thato dekhAya che, tyAM "sAyansa" e niyama mATe zaMkA na dharAvatAM, e sthaLavizepane brAtijanaka mAne che, athavA to bhaviSyamAM judo khulAso thaze ema zraddhA rAkhe che; paraMtu kAlayamAM paNa kAryakAraNanA niyamane bAdha thAya ema zaMkA ubhavatI nathI. vaLI jaganI vyavasthAmAM puNyane jaya ane pApane kSaya e niyama paNa savaMdA pratIta thato nathI. A niyama vyakti paratve aneka vAra beTo paDato jaNAya che eTaluM ja nahi, paNa janasamaSTimAM paNa keTalIka saddIo apavAdarUpa dekhAya che. chatAM vyaktinI tema ja samaSTinI satti ane unnati (Virtue and Civilization or Progress) ukta niyama paranI kahA thakI ja saMbhave che. A rIte Uni. brAmoDarSa purA e urdU ra ra rA'-- ja,

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C zraddhA ane zaMkA 9 formity of Nature ane Moral Government e me padArthejenA upara manuSyanA jJAnanA ane unnatisaMpAdaka sadAcaraNanA AdhAra che-- enA uparanI zraddhA e meAkSane anukUla zraddhA che. anna vinA atyanta tIvra du:khathI pIDita thatA chatAM paNa bhaktane prabhu uparanA prema zithila thatA nathI, ane pleganA kAraNa saMbaMdhe aneka kalpanAe asiddha TharyAM chatAM paNa e niyama kAryakAraNanA mahAna niyamane ja AdhIna che, ane prakRtinuM rahasya manujakhAla AgaLa prakAzita thavA ja nirmAyuM che--evA nizcaya AreAgyazAstrIonA manda thatA nathI.e baMne pUrvAMta zraddAnAM ja udAharaNA che. Tenisana kahe che tema GARANS "Oh yet we trust that somehow good Will be the final goal of ill" . paNa upara batAvelI, manuSyasvarUpanA andhAraNanA mULamAM ja je zraddhA rahI che, te vinAnI zraddA e anya zraddAja che, cetananI nahi paNa jaDa padArthanI zraddA che. cetananI zraddhA sakAraNa ane vivekajanya heAya che, jaDa zraddhA game te vastune, game te vAkyane vagara vicAre vaLage che. jema amuka prakAranI zraddhA meAkSane anukUla che, tema amuka prakAranI zaMkA paNa daivanA anugrahathI ja prApta thAya che. vedAntasiddhAntane anuvAda karIne rA. rA. maNilAle ceAgya ja kahyuM hatuMx ke jagat nuM AdikAraNa ajJAna che; paNa tenI sAthe vizeSamAM ema paNa umerI zakAya ke mekSanu AdikAraNuM paNu ajJAna ja che. ubhaya avirAdhI satya che. mekSanuM AdikAraNa ajJAna che e nizcaya pratyeka dharmanA itihAsamAM pratyakSa thAya che. anyatra dharmapravAha upara dRSTi nAMkhatAM paNa jaNAze ke zaMkAmAMthI ja dharmanI bhavyatA ane vizuddhi Ave che. eka Rgveda-maharSi kahe cheH-- k " ko addhA veda ka iha pravocat kuta A jAtA kuta iyaM visRSTiH / arvAgdevA asya visarjanenAthA ko veda yata A vabhUva // iyaM visRSTiryata A babhUva yadi vA dadhe yadi vA na / ' yo asyAdhyakSaH parame vyomantso aGga veda yadi vA na veda // vividha suSTi karyAMthI utpanna sarjana pachInA che. e kayAMthI ( kharekhara kANu jANe, kANu kahe ke thaI, kyAMthI phUMkAI ? devA enA vividha A *jIvA sudarzana. 1898, sapTembara,

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30. zraddhA ane zaMkA AvI e koNa jANe? bhAI, A vividha sRSTi kyAMthI AvI ane sthitimAM che ke nahi e parama oNAmamAM Ane je adhyakSa che te jANe. athavA te paNa na jANe!) ajJAnamAMthI jJAnamAM praveza karavA manujahadaya kevuM talase che! A pramANe prazna na thavA devA e AtmAne jaDa gaNavA samAna che. vaLI A zaMkAne khulAso karavAne badale ene balAtkAre dAbI mUkavI e AtmAmAM kacaro ekaThA karavA jevuM che. Tenisana nuM yogya kahevuM che ke - << There is more faith in honest doubt, Believe me, than in half the creeds." paNa A saMzaya je mULamAM zraddhAtmaka na hoya to e aniSTa che, kemake "para" vastunA astitvanI zraddhA unnatine Avazyaka che. A zraddhAvirahita pravRtti duSTa thayA vinA rahetI nathI, kemake A zraddhA virahita hovuM enuM nAma ja duSTatA che. A zraddhA upara jJAnane prakAza paDI e jJAnaviSaya thaI che ke nahi e jUde prazna che, ane enA upara dharmabuddhine AdhAra che, paraMtu A viSayanI carcAmAM utaravAno atre avakAza nathI. mATe tAtparya ke, "aprakAza, apravRtti, pramAda, ane maha"--rUpa tAmasI vRttimAM mUDha banI paDI rahelA puruSa ja khare "saMzayAtmA" che, ane "je sadA ve ra ma valla?" ema prazna karanAra ja kharo draSTA "RSi"-- che. upaniSad zuM khoTuM kahe che ke "je jANuM chuM kahe che te ja ene nathI jANato, je nathI jANatA (kahe che) te ja jANe che"! arthAta brahma jJAnathI para che ema samajavuM e ja enuM yathArtha jJAna che, kemake paratA e ja brahmanuM svarUpa che. * What am I? An infant ciying in the night, An infant crying for the light, And with no language but a cry."-Tennyson. --- -- -- * "aprakAzo'pravRttizca pramAdo moha eva ca // tamasyetAni jAyante vivRddha kurunandana".-bha. gI. : "avijJAtaM vijAnatAM vijJAtamavijAnatAm"-kenopaniSad

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ahAvidyA 5 brahmAvidyA " saccAramavidyA vidyAnAmU ' bha0 gI0 31 "The only choice we can have is between a conscious metaphysics and an unconscious one, between hypotheses which we have examined and whose limitation we know, and hypotheses which rule us from behind, as pure prejudices do. It is because of this that the empiric is so dogmatic, and the ignorant man so certain of the truth of his opinion. They do not know their postulates, nor are they aware that there is no interpretation of an object which does not finally point to a theory of being "--Prof. Henry Jones k * All men, by their conduct, virtually adopt one philo sophy or another. Practically they give to its fundamental query either a materialistic or an idealistic answer. -- Prof. Morris. re zrI zaMkara gavAn 'vivekacUDAmaNi' nA AraMbhamAM kahe cheH---- " jantUnAM narajanma durlabhamataH puMsvaM tato vipratA tasmAdvaidikadharmamArgaparatA vidvattvamasmAtparamAtmAnAtmavivecanaM svanubhavo brahmAtmanA saMsthitimuktinA zatajanmakoTisukRtaiH puNyairvinA labhyate // (bhAvAthaeN- ) A vizvamAM asaMkhya 'jantuo' bharyAM che. paNa te sarvamAM 'nara' nA eTale manuSyanA janma e durlabha che jantuo+ tA mAtra janme che ane mare che, paNa nara 'manuSya potAnA AtmAne uSTi sthAna tarapha vivekamuddhi ane hRDhatApuraHsara dorI zake che, nItimAM rAkhI--calAvI zake che. vaLI 'nara' eTale je manuSyajAti temAM strI karatAM puruSa vargamAM janma pAmavA e adhika bhAgyanuM phaLa che.x utpanna thayelI bhAvanAone saMgrahavAnuM ane pALavAnuM kAma strIvarganuM che, paNa navIna bhAvanAe zeAdhI kaDhivAnuM kAma ahudhA puruSavarganuM ja che. paNa puruSargamAM paNa sarvane A

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brahmavidyA kAmane mATe joI te avakAza heta nathI. je vargane janasamAje A kAma khAsa karIne sepyuM che, ane sAmAjika vyavasthA dvArA joItI phurasada paNa ApI che e vargamAM, arthAta buddhizALI vipra vargamAM, janma meLavo e savizeSa bhAgya che. vaLI vipra" paNa dareka dharmamAM hoya che, paNa vaidika dharmanA vipra levuM e te ApaNuM brAhmaNanuM ja sadbhAgya che. brAhmaNamAM paNa "brahmabaMdhu'$ ghaNA hoya che. brAhmaNa hoI vidvAna hovuM e ja kharA ahobhAgyanI vAta che. vaLI vidattA paNa aneka viSayanI banI zake che, paNa vidvAna hoI Atma-anAtmane viveka kare, viveka karI sAre anubhava-brahmAnubhava-prApta karavA, brahmarUpe sArI rIte sthita thavuM, ahetAmamatAjanya saMkecarUpI saMsAramAMthI mukti meLavavI e to seMkaDo janmaTinA sukRtanuM phaLa che ema samajavuM. keTalAka prazna karaze ke A vidyAthI zo lAbha? AkhuM hindusthAna Aja paryata A mRgaNikA pAchaLa deDI deDIne naSTa thaI gayuM, tathApi hajI enI e carcA cAle che! Ane uttara ke brahmavidyAe te hindusthAnane aneka saMkaTamAMthI tAryuM che. aneka parAkramone janma Ape che. jyAM sudhI ene sUrya dedIpyamAna rahyo tyAM sudhI ja enI caDhatI rahI, ane Aja paNa, enI mRtavata dazAmAM paNa, cita -prajA--rahyuM hoya te e brahmavidyAne ja prabhAva che. brahmavidyA eTale AjakAla ghaNuM kharA zAstrI saMnyAsIomAM ke yunivarsiTInA tAkimAM je e nAme oLakhAtuM kAMIka ApaNe joIe chIe e nahi. paNa je prAcIna maharSiomAM hatuM ane jeNe samasta hindusthAnamAM AyaMbhAvanA vistArI; je buddhadevamAM hatuM ane jeNe azokanA sAmrAjyane janma Ape; jeNe zaMkara bhagavAnamAM prakaTa thaI, rAmAnuja, rAmAnanda, kabIra, nAnaka, rAmadAsa, tukArAma, AdimAM UtarI, eka tarapha zIkha prajAne ane bIjI tarapha mahArASTranI prajAne eya ApI, jIvana ApI, utthAna ApyuM-e alaukika sattvanuM nAma ja "brahmavidyA che, + kana=janmavuM dhAtu uparathI. no daravuM uparathI na=netA, deranAra. * yadyapi vizvatantramAM to ubhaya sarakhAM jarUranAM che. huM mAtra brAhmaNa kuLamAM janmelA eTaluM ja.

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brahmavidA A brahmavidyAnA tasvarUpe- " ko'haM kathamidaM jAtaM kA vai kartA'sya vidyate / upAdAnaM kimastIha vicAraH so'ymiihshH||" "huM keNu? A kyAMthI AvyuM? Ane katI koNa haze? enuM upAdAnakAraNa zuM athAta e zenuM baneluM haze?"-ItyAdi prazna thAya che. ane e praznonA samAdhAna upara-vicAra yA AcAramAM thatA, spaSTa yA garbhita rIte thatA, samAdhAna upara--manuSyanI sarva pravRttionA svarUpane AdhAra che. "huM ke?je jaDa prakRtine ja eka aMza houM te hArI sarva pravRttio prakRtithI ja niyannita hevI joIe, ane ema hoya te pachI mArAmAM koI paNa prakAranI javAbadArI rahetI nathI. huM deharUpa ja houM te A vizALa vizvamAM mArI zI gaNanA? mRtyu pachI huM nathI ja' A janmamAM meM pApa karyuM te paNa zuM? puNya karyuM te paNa zuM? e sarva kene mATe? bhaviSyane janasamAja sukhI thAo vA duHkhI thAo emAM mAre zuM? je prakRtine bhAga che, ane prakRtithI niyatrita che. ene javAbadArI kevI ? have ema mAne ke huM paramAtmArUpa chuM ema siddha thayuM. ema siddha thatAnI sAthe ja uparanA praznonuM kevuM juduM ja samAdhAna thaI jAya che! jagatanI utpatti, jagatanuM antastava, IzvaranuM astitva, IzvaranuM svarUpa-ityAdi viSenA ApaNuM siddhAnta, ApaNI samasta pravRttio upara, e pravRttionA uddeza upara, tathA ene siddha karavAnAM sAdhano upara juduM * ja ajavALuM nAMkhe che. paNa tame kahezo ke brahmavidyA bhale upayogI hoya, paNa e nIrasa che emAM to zaMkA ja nahi. Ane uttara ke e nIrasa lAgavAnuM kAraNa ApaNe enA upara antane prema nathI e ja che. e nIrasatA kharuM jotAM viSayanI nathI paNa ApaNI ja che. sarva rasanuM prabhavasthAna ane nidhAna je brahma enA saMbadhI je vidyA te nIrasa kema hoI zake? brahmavidyAne tarkabhAga kadAca koIne karkaza lAgato haze. paNa emAM eTaluM dhyAnamAM rAkhavAnuM che ke kharU jotAM e take mAtra sAMbhaLavAnA nathI, paNa buddhimAM, hadayamAM, AtmAmAM upajAvavAnA che-athata vartamAnapatranI hakIka'tanI mAphaka A viSayanI hakIkata (news) meLavavAnI nathI, paNa enuM jJAna (Knowledge) meLavavAnuM che. ane A rIte jJAna meLavatAM- buddhi hRdaya AtmAmAM te te siddhAnta upajAvatAM-rasa AvyA vinA raheze nahi.

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4 brahmavidyA kAraNa ke AtmAmAM je vastu mahArathI --foreign matter' tarIke- AvIne paDe che e ja ene bhArarUpa lAge cheH je e svayaM antamAMthI upAve che e te! ene Ananda ja Ape che. brahmavidyA A rIte petAnI thaI jatAM, akhUTa AnandanA jharA thai rahe che. paNa hajI kAI vAMdhA leze ke bhale e upayeAgI Aya, ane bhale emAM Ananda Ave, paNa vastutaH e vidyA ja azakya cheH brahma' evA jagatI pAra padAthaeN ja nathI, kAraNa ke ApaNuM sarve jJAna jagatanI andara ja pUrAeluM che, enI khahAra e jaI zakatuM ja nathI. A vicAra keTalIvAra kAnTanA tattvajJAnamAMthI kADhavAmAM Ave che. ane kaunta nAmanA phrenca tattvavettAe enuM bahu AgrahapUrvaka pratipAdana karyuM che. A siddhAntanI parIkSA ApaNe kAika prasaMge karIzuM. hAla te mAtra huM| ja uttara ApIzuM. jagat e ApaNI dRSTi AgaLa dekhAtA aneka vivartInuM nAma che, mATe evA kAIka padArtha hovA ja joI e ke jenA e vivartI che. A rIte, jJAna jagatanI ane jagatanA adhiSTAnanI, ubhayanI, sAkSI pUre che. adhiSThAna cetana che, ke ja che, ke emAMthI eke nathI e jAde prazna che. paNa e che emAM te saMzaya ja nathI. brahmavidyAnA asaMbhavanI zaMkA udbhavavAnuM kAraNa eTaluM ja dekhAya che ke je paddhati 'sAyansa' (bhautikapaddArthaviSayaka-zAstra ) mAM cAle che e atre cAlatI nathI. sarve jJAnanAM sAdhana ane prakAra eka sarakhAM ja hoya ema kema bane ? 'sAyansa' nA viSaya padArthInAM bAhya svarUpa-vivartI-- che, mATe e svarUpAnA paraspara saMbandhAdikanA vicArane je paddhati anukUla paDe e pati e le che. padArthamAtranuM antastattva e brahmavidyAnA viSaya che, mATe e antastattvanA nirNaya karavAne joItI paddhati e svIkAre che. udAharaNa tarIke, eka tArkikanI satya jovAnI paddhati e kavine anukUla thaze? nahi ja. e ja rIte prakRtamAM paNa che. " AkhA gaganamaMDaLa hAme meM TeliskrApa ( dUradarzaka yantra ) pheravI joyuM. paNa mane teA Izvara kAI paNa sthaLe najare na paDayA " ema udvAra karanAra khagALavettA brahmavidyAnI paddhati ane khagALavidyAnI paddhati vacce guMcavADA kare che. sAta kaDInI kaMThI upara daSTi pheravI kAi kahe ke "huM teA sAta ja kaDIo jou chuM, AThamI mhArI najare paDatI nathI." te evuM kahevuM yathArtha che. paNa jo e ema kahe che ke "huM suvarNa (jenI e kaDI anelI che,te) paNa jotA nathI," te enuM kahevuM bhUlabhareluM che. e ja pramANe jyAM sudhI 'sAyant' te te ivava vacce ?

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brahmavidyA * 3pa kAryakAraNabhAvanuM pratipAdana kare che tyAM sudhI e enA kharA pradezamAM che, paNa vivartInA adhiSThAnane paNa niSedha karavA himata dhare che tyAM e enI hadanI bahAra jatuM rahe che. mATe brahmavidyA eka vilakSaNa jJAna che, azakya jJAna nathIH ApaNuM Akhtara jIvanamAM ane bAhya vizvamAM je gUDha satva raheluM che ane je e ubhayane ukelI jotAM pratyakSa tarI Ave che--ene jANavAnI vidyA e "brahmavidyA' kahevAya che, ane sarva vidyAmAM e parama vidyA che. vasanta, vi. saMvata 1958, phAlgana.

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buddhi ane hRdaya ~~ ~~ buddhi ane hRdaya AjathI traNa cAra mAsa upara "zaMkA ane zraddhA evA mathALA nIce e be padArthanI paramArtha siddhimAM anukULatA-pratikUlatA keTalI che ane keve prakAre che e viSe kAMIka A patramAM lakhavAmAM AvyuM hatuM. Aja e ja rIte "buddhi ane hRdaya" e izvanA svarUpa saMbaMdhe thoDeka vicAra karavA icchA che. buddhi ane "hAya" e be zabdanI yadyapi zAstrIya vyAkhyA ApavI kaThina che tathApi e be padathI vivakSita arthane bedha te sarvane sAdhAraNa matithI thaI zake che. temAM paNa sudarzananA vAcakone te A be zabda eTalA badhA paricita thaI gayA che ke zramapura sara lakSaNa bAMdhI eno artha samajAvavAnI anne bahu jarUra dekhAtI nathI. tyAre have e be zabdanA arthe prasiddha ja che ema mAnI laI brahmavidyAnA viSayamAM emanuM sthAna vicAravAne A sthaLe digadarzanamAtra prayatna karIzuM. brahmavidyAne uddeza zuM che e dhyAnamAM laIzuM te sahaja samajAze ke buddhi ke hadaya bemAMthI eka paNa padArthane A viSayamAM samagra sAmrAjya seMpI devuM ghaTatuM nathI. bAhya ane Antara jagatanA tattvanuM, eTale emanAmAM adhiSThAnarUpe nivasatA vAstavika padArthanuM, anveSaNa karI ene sAkSAtkAra karavo e je brahmAvidyAne uddeza heya ane nirvivAda rIte e ja uddeza che-te spaSTa che ke A anveSaNa ane sAkSAtkAra ubhayane anukUla sAdhananI emAM apekSA che. "hadaya lAgavuM joIe" ema A viSayamAM ghaNI vAra kahevAya che, paraMtu A vAkya kharuM jotAM apUrNa hAI mAtra ardha satyanuM ja pratipAdaka che. kharI rIte te, "vastumAM hadaya lAgavuM joIe" ema pUrNa vAkya thavuM yogya che. mAtra hRdaya lAgavAthI ja paramArtha siddha thaI jato hoya. te ahaMtA mamatAnI mAyika jALa vizvamAM evI patharAI rahI che ke vinA yatna jatumAtranuM keIka kaMIka sthaLe to hadaya lAgeluM ja che, eTale kAMI ja karavAnuM rahetuM nathI! kharuM jotAM prApta karavAnuM e che ke A prakAranI svabhAvasiddha hRdayanI laganI" ne badale vastubhUta padArthamAM hadayane vaLagADavuM joIe. have vastubhUta padArtha zuM che ane zo nathI e vAtano nirNaya buddhi vinA kANa karI zake ema che ? hRdaya te pratItimAM che ke nathI eTaluM ja kahIne

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buddhi ane hRdaya 37 raheze; vastuta: che ke nahi" e uccAranAra zakti te buddhi ja che. ane eTale aMze buddhinuM sArthakya svIkAryA vinA kema cAlaze? "buddhivilAsa" "tarkajALa' ityAdi AkSepagarbha pado ghaNeka sthaLe mahAna puruSane mukhe paNa ApaNe sAMbhaLIe chIe. paNa amAruM te spaSTa mAnavu che ke ema bolanArAonuM kharuM tAtparya na samajIne ja ke ghaNIvAra buddhinA prayogane nirarthaka mAnI le che, ane amArA anubhavamAM te A vAta eTale sudhI gaelI jovAmAM AvI che ke ghaNA loko buddhihInatAne hadayanA veganuM eka bhApa karI beThA che, ane emane jyAM jyAM kAMI paNa buddhine AvirbhAva thate ke buddhine zrama levAnI vAta thatI jovAmAM Ave che tyAM tyAM jANe hadayanI zUnyatA ja hoya, "nIrasatA" ja hoya, ema mAnatAM jarA paNa vicAra paDatuM nathI. buddhi-zrama kevo kaThina che, parama padArtha upara hadayane tIvra Aga lAgyA vinA eTalo zrama sahana karavA tarapha abhiruci thatI ja nathI e dhyAnamAM rAkhatAM, ghaNAkharA loke enAthI kaMTALe emAM Azcarya nathI. paNa pUrve ame eka vakhata kahyuM che tema e kaThinatAmAM ja enI bhavyatA che ane amArA A siddhAntane zrImadbhagavadgItAdi mahAna granthane Teke che. * nindAgya buddhi che te judI ja che. je buddhi indriyothI rahI zakAya te karatAM adhika tatva svIkAratI ja nathI; je hadayanA durvikArenuM vismaraNa karI jaIne samagra racanA race che eTaluM ja nahi paNa je prema mAna dayA upakAra Adi hadayanA unnata bhAvanI kevala upekSA karI pravartI che, je udAra svArpaNane mUrkhatArUpe pradarzita karavAnI dhRSTatA dhare che, tathA je manuSyahRdayanA uchaLatA rudhirane pavitra ane mahAna banAvavAne badale ene khAlI karI pitAnuM svatantra rAjya sthApavAne vyartha yatna AdarI, ene kartavyabhaMganI adhamatA tarapha dere che; tathA je brAhmI sthiti (Religiousmess, piety) ne badale mAtra zekharUpI "brahmajijJAsA' (interest in Religion) mAM ja kRtakRtyatA manAve che, e buddhi ja nindAne pAtra che. ene vilAsa te ja cheTe buddhivilAsa che. "buddhivilAsa," "tarkajALa" ityAdi padavaDe buddhi upara AkSepa karanArA mahAna vidvAnonu A ja tAtparya hatuM, ane havuM ghaTe che. buddhine eka duSTa prakAra saMbhave che eTalA upa "phuracate tvacA zuddhacA stramAM sUmarsImiH" ema kaThapaniSadanuM paNuM vAkya che.

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38 buddhi ane hRdaya rathI ene sAre prakAra paNa hoI zakato nathI, ema samagra buddhine tyAjya gaNavI e bhrama che. - tarka jALamAM lapaTAI rahetA tatvavimukha eka philasupha karatAM nirmaLa hadaye bhaktiparAyaNa thate gAmaDIo parama vastu pAmavAmAM vadhAre yogya che e spaSTa ja che. saMsArapravAhanA nakrathI pakaDAelA eka gajendranI prabhu pratyenI UMDA hadayanI cIsa, ke zabarInAM kharA bhAvathI apelAM bera, ene asaMkhya buddhivilAsa karatAM adhika priya che e nirvivAda che. paNa emano sAkSAtkAra emanA jeTalA ja hRdayanA vegavALA paNa e karatAM adhika jJAnI evA eka RSinA sAkSAtkAranI samAna paMktimAM AvI zake che ema keNu kaheze ? ApaNe ghaNIvAra eka nirmaLa hadayanA gAmaDIAne vakhANue chIe, paNa e te khoTA buddhivilAsane nindavA khAtara karelI mAtra atizakita ja che. ene artha ema nathI ke eka jaMgalI herenTITa ane eka mahAna draSTA-Sivara--dharmanA viSayamAM samAna che. samAna che kahevuM e te adhikAra ane prakAzane eka gaNI nAMkhavA barAbara che. vaLI juvo ke e gAmaDIA upara paNa svabuddhathanusAra tavanirNaya karavAnI pharaja nathI? kayI bhAvanA paramAtmAnI che, ane kayI nathI e viSe yathAzakti viveka karyA vinA te gAmaDIAe paNa pravRtta thavuM gya nathI, ane A nirNaya karanAra je vivekazakti tenuM nAma ja buddhi che. paramAtmA jyAM jyAM sata (sAdhu). bhAva che tyAM tyAM virAjamAna che, ane jema jema manuSyabuddhi vistAra ane vikAsa pAmatI jAya che tema tema enuM darzana vadhAre uccatara ane yathArtha thatuM Ave che. A unnati ane vRddhino purAvo paNa buddhine satkAra karAvavA tarapha vaLe che. kadAca ema kahevAze ke A unnati ane vRddhi te haMdayanI ja, buddhinI nahi. paNa ema kahevAmAM buddhi ane hadayanA nikaTa saMbandhanI avagaNanA thAya che. hRdaya buddhi vinA te Aja jevuM haze tevuM ja keTi varSo sudhI rahevAnuM. buddhi ja enI pAse vivekapura sara pravRtti karAve che, ane e rIte adhikAdhika unnati sAdhI Ape che, tyAre siddhAnta ke-brahmavidyAmAM hRdaya ane buddhi ubhayane saravALA dhyAnamAM levAno che. kevaLa hRdaya ke kevaLa buddhi ane gheraNurUpa thaI zake ema nathI. buddhihIna hRdaya te rudhiranA enI meLe game tevI rIte cAlatA eka saMcA jevuM che; jema hRdaya vinAnI buddhi vapha-indriya vinAnA zarIra jevI che. eka bIjI rIte kahIe to buddhi vinA hadaya AMdhaLuM che, hadaya vinA

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buddhi ane hRdaya 39 buddhi nisAra che, ubhaya maLI eka ja dhAraNa thAya che. ane e ubhayanI ekatA AtmAmAM che. mATe ja- cAmAnamarajana" "AtmAne AtmAvaDe juve che" ema kahyuM che. prasaMgavazAta atre uparanA ja viSayamAMthI udbhavatI eka bIjI bAbata carcavA jevI che. ApaNe ghaNIvAra " rasa" ane "prema" evA zabdo "brahma" ne sthAne vaparAtA sAMbhaLyA che, ane rA. rA. maNilAle tema karavAnuM eka prayojana paNa darzAvyuM che, je sudarzananA abhyAsIne smaraNamAM haze ja. paraMtu e mahAna zabdathI zuM vivakSita che ane zuM nathI e viSe bhUla na karavA vAcake sAvadhAna rahevAnuM che. jema dareka hRdayane ubhare te kAvyane rasa nathI-ema hoya to dareka laukika raDAkUTa kAvyarasanI padavI pahoMcavA jAya-tema dareka "abheda" ke "prema" ke "rasa" nI vAta te brahmasAkSAtkAra nathI e samajavAnuM che. eka tarapha, rasa vinAnuM jJAna (zuSka buddhi) kaThera kAMTAnI zayyA jevuM che e kharuM, paNa te sAthe bIjI tarapha e paNa smaraNamAM rAkhavAnuM che ke kevaLa rasa athIta rasAbhAsa te rA. maNilAla kahe che tema "vedAntane eTalo badhe ogALI nAMkhe che ke bAcakA bharatAM paNa hAthamAM kAMI AvatuM nathI." hAthamAM kAMI AvatuM nathI eTaluM ja nahi paNa ucca nIca sarva pradeza rasanI relamAM samAna thaI jatAM kayAM DUbAze ane kyAM tarAze eTale AtmAne viveka paNa raheto nathI. mATe atre eTaluM khUba dhyAnamAM levAnuM che ke brahmarasane viSaya mAtra kAlpanika samajAyelo nahi paNa mAtra ane mAnelo) abheda hoI na zake, kAraNa je kalpanAtmaka anubhavAya che te te mAyika ja hoI zake che. abhedanI kalpanA e to bheda prati kevaLa AMkha mIMcI kSaNavAra mithyA abheda anubhavavA jevuM che. kharuM jotAM, bhedane sthAne yathArtha rUpe abhedane anubhava thAya tyAre ja brahmasAkSAtkAra thayo gaNAya. ane A yathArtha darzana, vicAra vinA, ane hadayanI kharI ane UMDI dhArmikatA vinA, saMbhavatuM nathI. mATe A prakArano khare sAkSAtkAra vA enI dUra dUranI jhAMkhI paNa thaI che ke nahi e samajavA mATe mANase zAnta ane zuddha hRdayathI pitAnA AtmAne pUchavuM joI e ke ene anubhava bhedane abheda mAnavA rUpa kalpanAnA prakArano che ke bhedane abheda rUpe samajavAne eTale jJAnasvarUpa che. ekamAM eka brAtine sthAne mAtra bIjI bhrAti sthapAya che, bIjAmA adhakArane sthAne

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buddhi ane hRdaya - anupama prakAzane AvibhaoNva anubhavAya che. have A prakAza, A "rasa", mAtra eka gamata jevA na hatAM, "amRta ApI halAhala zaMkare vahevuM e e rasa"--rUpa banI rahe tyAre ja khare "rasa" anubhavAya kahevAya. premanI bAbatamAM paNa Aja rIte jovAnuM che. laukika prema ane divya premanA svarUpamAM svataH bheda hai vA na ho, paNa e bheda bIjI rIte nakakI karavAnuM sAdhana e che ke e premane viSaya keI deha mAtra manujakITa che ke satyasvarUpa paramAtmA che e vicAravuM. samasta manuSyajAta ke samasta vizvaprati prema e jo ke pariNAme paramAtmA pratyene ja prema che, tathApi jyAM sudhI e prema paramAtma-buddhithI uchALatuM nathI tyAM sudhI enI laukkitA maTatI nathI, tathA e premanI zAzvatatA viSe paNa zaMkA rahe che. bIjuM, A prema te mAtra hRdayanI kSaNika Umi ja nathI, paNa AtmAnA aMge aMgamAM-mana vANI kriyA sarva bhaLI je eka Atma-svarUpa baMdhAya che tene aNu aNamAM-anubhavAta keIka avarNa padArtha che. ahA ! e raMge, bahu bahu paDyA vIra raNumAM, ahA e ekAte, sujana jaga jItyA smaraNamAM; gayA vahetA gAtA rasika rasa sindhajharaNumAM, ahA ! enI mUrti prakaTa nirakhatI maraNamAM. " e zlokamAM batAvelI kasoTIthI kharA premane premanA abhAvathI judo pADI oLakhavAne che. -sudarzana, juna 1899

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AzramavyavasthA Azrama vyavasthA jitendriya rahI, zAstrAdhyayana karavuM, ane buddhine jJAnathI pradIpta karavI e brahmacaryAzramane parama dharma. brahmacaryAzramamAM saMpAdana karelA A pakSa jJAnane apakSa karavA arthe gRhasthAzramaH gRhasthAzramamAM, saMsAramAM paDatA paramAtmAnA pratibimbanAM vividha skaraNe pratyakSa karavAM, ane e asaMkhya phuraNemAMnA eka skuraNarUpa thaI mAyAne ane mAyA paNa brahmarUpa ja hovAthI pariNAme brahmAne-anubhava kare, A mAyika anubhavanI vacamAM paNu lakSa sadA paramAtmA upara rAkhavuM, e gRhasthAzramanuM kharuM prayojana. paramAtma-svarUpa vaizvAnara agnimAM, sahadharmacAriNI patnI sahavartamAna ahaMtA-mamatAnI Ahutio ApavI, e gRhasthanuM agnihotra. Ama saMsAramAM paramAtmAne pratyakSa karatAM karatAM, ane ahaMtA mamatAne saMkoca TALatAM TALatAM, e adhikAra prApta thAya che ke jyAre pratibimba uparathI daSTi uThADI bimba tarapha vALI zakAya che. A vAnaprasthAzrama. vAnaprasthAzramamAM krame krame sahadharmacAriNI sahabrahmacAriNuM thaI jAya che, ane gRhasthAzramamAM je paramAtmA-agnine pitAnI sahAme viSaya (object) rUpe sevavAne hato e ja agnine have pitAnA AtmA (subject) mAM samArapI levAne che. saMsAranAM te te bAhya kAryo ane kartavyamAM prasarI rahelA vaitAnAkhyA paramAtma-agnine vidhipura sara-kartavyabhaMga karyA vagara-pitAnA AtmAmAM sthApI devo+, viSayAbhimukha vRttine AtmAbhimukha karavI, e paramAtmasAkSAtkAranuM prathama pagathiyuM. jeNe gRhasthAzrama yathAvidhi sevyo che, tene A AtmAbhimukha avasthA ajJAna Alasya ane svArthaparAyaNatAthI bharAvAne jarA paNa bhaya nathIH vAnaprasthanA dharmonuM varNana karatAM manu kahe che - " svAdhyAye nityayuktaH syAt dAnto maitraH samAhitaH / dAtA nityamanAdAtA sarvabhUtAnukampakaH // " * "Humanity' = samasta manuSyajAti; AgaLa vadhIne, bhUtamAtra. pittana=prasaravuM, e ghAtu uparathI. + " agnInAtmani vaitAnAna samAropya yathAvidhi / ritiH cAkyunisTAra " a manu

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Azrama vyavasthA upaniSadAdi granthonuM adhyayana karavAmAM nitya macyA rahevuM; dAnta rahevuM, eTale ke zItoSNu dvanda sahana karavAM; vRttione viSayamAMthI kADhI paramAtyAmAM samAhita-ekAgra karavI; pitAnA AzramamAM Azramecita je je padArtho heya temAMthI dAna ApatA rahevuM, paNa dAna levuM nahi; ane sarvabhUtamAtramAM anukaMpA rAkhavI-athata emanA sukhe sukhI ane emanA duHkhe dukhI, evo bhAva rAkha. vAnaprasthAzrama mATe patinI yogyatA thatA sudhImAM je patnIne putrIdikamAM Asakti rahI hoya, ene pAchaLa saMsAramAM rahI kamekrame muktimArga prApta karavAnI salAha che. paNa jene e Asakti chUTI gaI che e to patinI sAthe ja AzramAntara kare che. je panIe gRhasthAzramamAM pUrvokta prakAre patinI sAthe ja pagalAM bharyA che ane te svAbhAvika rIte patinI sAthe ja vAnaprasthAzramamAM praveza karavAnI IcchA thavAnI. cheka prAcInakALamAM vAnaprastha ane saMnyAsa ema be judA judA Azrama nahi hoya ema mAnavAne kAraNa che; ane pAchaLanA RtikAre paikI keTalAke kalimAM vAnaprasthAzramano spaSTa niSedha karyo che. prAcIna yugamAM be Azramane eka AzramamAM ja samAveza thato hata; ane pAchaLanA kALamAM dezanI rAjakIya Arthika ane dhArmika abhyAdhunIne lIdhe kevaLa vanamAM rahI zAntithI jIvananirvAha kara kaThina thaI paDayo haze, tathA patnI sahavartamAna vana sevavuM azakya jaNAyuM haze, ane tethI kalimAM vAnaprasthAzramane niSedha karelo ema lAge che. paNa dezanI A durdazA thatAM pahelAM, jyAre pati patnI A vAnaprasthAzramane eka svatanna Azrama tarIke yA saMnyAsAzramanA pUrva aMga tarIke sevatAM haze, tyAre e citra atIva manahara ane bedhaka hovuM joIe. vAnaprasthAzramI pati patnI saMsAranagara cheDI cAlyAM che, paramAtmAbhisukha prayANuM karI rahyAM che, e bhavya ane sundara nArAyaNAzrama emanI daSTimAM jhaLakavA lAge che, paNa hajI e AzramamAM e dAkhala thayAM nathI. jIvanayAtrAnuM parama prAptavya A nArAyaNazrama-saMnyAsAzrama. A AzramamAM strI-puruSano bheda nathI, sahadharmacAra ane sahabrahamacAramAM rahelA sahabhAvana-4ndrabhAvane-paNa avakAza nathI; eka akhaMDa ananta nArAyaNa ja ghaTa ghaTamAM vilasatA uccarI rahyo che. A nArANAzramamAM pUrve strIo ane puruSa ubhayane, sarva prakAranA

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AzramavyavasthA bhedanI pAra jaI eka AtmArUpe rahevAnI chUTa hatI. "jIvanmuktiviveka" nAmanA granthamAM vidyAraNya muni ThIka jaNAve che - " asmizca tyAge striyo'pyadhikriyante / bhikSukItyanena bINAmapi prAgvidhAhAvA vaidhavyAdUrdhva vA saMnyAse'dhikAro'stIti darzitam / tena bhikSAcarya mokSazAzravaNamekAnta AtmadhyAnaM ca tAbhiH kartavyaM tridaNDAdikaM ca dhAryam / iti mokSadhama caturdharITIkAyAM sulbhaajnksNvaadH|| zArIrakabhASye vAcatravItyAdi shruuyte| devatAdhikaraNanyAyena vidhurakhyAdhikAraprasaGgatvena tRtIyAdhyAye caturthapAde // ata eva maitreyovAkyamAmnAyate-' yenAhaM nAmRtAsyAM kimahaM tena kuyoM yadeva bhagavana vettha tadeva me brUhi' iti // " tAtparya ke saMsAratyAgane strIone paNa adhikAra cheH bhikSAca, mekSa, zAstrazravaNu ane ekAntamAM AtmadhyAna strIoe paNa karavuM ane tridaMDAdika dhAraNa karavAM, upaniSatakALamAM maitreyI sulabhA temaja vayunA dhAriNuM vagerenAM dRSTAnta suprasiddha che, ane tyAra pachI paNa lAMbA vakhata sudhI e dRSTAntonuM anumodana thatu jovAmAM Ave che. kALa jatA, je kAraNe e vAnaprasthAzramane ucchinna karyo e ja kAraNe strIonA saMsAratyAgamAM paNa pratibandha thayAM. prathama te, saMnyAsAzramamAM strIpuruSone svatanma ane sarala sahavAsa eka kaThina niyamarUpa-asidhArAvRtarU5-thavA mAMDayo haze, ane Akhare avidyAnuM prAbalya thatAM emAMthI vratabhaMga ane anAcAra udabhavavA mAMDelA, eTale rAstra kAroe yugadharma vicArI strIpuruSanA prakRtijanya bhedane bhAna ApyuM. bauddha zAkAe strIo ane puruSo mATe judA vihAramaTha sthApyA, chatAM anAcAra naSTa na tha, brAhmaNa zAstrakAroe strIo mATe saMsAramAM rahI mukti sAdhavAne vidhi bAMH strIne pati zivAya anya deva ja nathI, eTale sudhI vacane racyAM, chatAM paramAtmAno rasa ghaNIvAra evAM kRtrima bandhanane toDIne vahe e svabhAvika che. strIne pati zivAya anya deva ja nathI e sUtra pAmara strIo mATe rahyuM, ane deva zivAya anya pati ja nathI evuM sUtra mIrAM jevI strIe potAnI vANamAM ane jIvanamAM pratyakSa karI ApyuM. A rIte zAstrIya saMnyAsa ane zAstrAtIta saMnyAsa-ema be prakAranAM menyAsanA rUpa bandhAyAM.

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AzramavyavasthA WED THE CO brAhmaNa zivAyanA bIjA traNa varganA paNa AvA ja itihAsa che. cheka prAcIna samayamAM varNabheda na hatA, ane paramAtmasAkSAtkAra mATe sarvane sarakhA haka hatA. kALe karI chUTanuM pariNAma e AvyuM ke peAtAnA adhikAra vicAryA vinA, peAtAnA AtmAnI kharI yAgyatA ane kharI bhUkha vicAryuM vinA, jeNe teNe saMnyAsa levA mAMDayA; ane dezamAM tevyapramAda ane Alasya vadhavA mAMDayAM. A anAcAra mATe mhoTI javAbadArI bauddha dharmanI che. brAhmaNa zAstrakAroe A anAcAra sAme zAstra ce!jyAM teoe saMnyAsane adhikAra mAtra brAhmaNane ja mATe rAkhyA; kSatriyAne mAthe dezarakSAnI javAadArI mUkI; vaisyAne mAthe vyApAravANijyArdikathI dezadhana vadhAravAnuM kartavya nAMkhyuM; ane upalA traNa varNanI sevAmAM rahI emanA kartavyAcAramAM sAdhanabhUta thavAnuM kAma zraddhane soMpyuM. saMnyAsane niSedha zuddha mATe khAsa karIne jovAmAM Ave che, enuM kAraNa e che ke Ne bhAge kSatriyane ane vaizyane saMnyAsAzramamAM AkarSe evuM kAMI nathI~ekane yuddhanA ane sattAnA rasa saMsAramAM rAkI rAkhavAmAM samartha che, bIjAne dhananA leAbha kartavyaparAyaNa kare che; zUdranA ja varga evA che ke jene svAbhAvika rIte ja bhagavAM karI ALasu paDI rahI mAgI khAvAmAM Ananda Ave. 44 .. -- sanyAsAzramamAM praveza karanAra brAhmaNe mAthe kevI mhoTI javAbadArI che, e seMkaDA ane hajArA vacanAthI zAstroe dekhADI che. gRhasthAzramI brAhmaNAnAM cihno, e upara vicAra karatAM, have peAtAnuM rahasya prakaTa kare cheH bhagavAM paherI, zikhA (coTalI ) sUtra ( yajJApavIta ) ane sadhyAdika karmanA tyAga karI, daMDa laI jagamAM vicaranAra kevA heAvA joie e jaNAvatAM zAstra kahe che--< tava ca zilA tahevoparIta vAmaparamAtmanojavajJAnana tomad va vimanaH jJA sajjA " --jenuM vivaraNa nIcenA zleAkAmAM karavAmAM AveluM cheH ,, " sazikhaM vapanaM kRtvA bahiHsUtraM tyajed budhaH / yadakSaraM paraM brahma tat sUtramiti dhArayet // sUcanAt sUtramityAhuH sUtraM nAma paraM padam / tatsUtra viditaM yena sa vipro vedapAragaH // yena sUtramidaM protaM sUtre maNigaNA iva / tat sUtraM dhArayedyogI yogavit tatvadarzivAn //

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Azrama vyavasthA 45 bahiHsUtraM tyajevidvAna yogmuttmmaashrit:| brahmabhAvamidaM sUtraM dhArayedyaH sa cetana / dhAraNAttasya sUtrasya nAcchiSTo nAzucirbhavet // sUtramantargataM yeSAM jJAnayajJopavItinAm / te vai sUtravido loke te ca yajJopavItinaH // agneriva zikhA nAnyA yasya jJAnamayI zikhA / sa zikhItyucyate vidvAnnetare kezadhAriNaH // zikhA jJAnamayI yasyopavItaM cApi tanmayam / brAhmaNyaM sakalaM tasya iti brahmavido viduH // idaM yajJopavItaM ca paramaM yatparAyaNam / vidvAna yajJopavItI syAt tajjJAstaM yajvinaM viduH||" tAtparya ke mAthA uparanI zikhA e kharI zikhA nathI-agninI zikhA (jvALA) jevI jJAnazikhA e ja kharI zikhA che. temaja, jeNe paramAtmArUpI sUtra dhAraNa karyuM che, je satramAM akhila vizva maNakAnI mAphaka parevAI raheluM che e sUtrathI jeNe zarIra vIMTayuM che, e ja khare sUtravAna- yajJopavItavAna che, ane e ja khare yavI eTale yajJa karanAra che. enI saMdhyA paratve paNa kahyuM che ke - "ya zAstragamyaH paramAtmA yathAhaMpratyayagamyA jIvAtmA tayorekatvajJAnena mahAvAkyajanyena bhrAntipratIto bhedo vizeSeNa bhmH| eva punantyinudayo bhaGgasya vizeSaH / yeyamekatvabuddhiH seyamubhayArAtmanoH sandhau jAyamAnatvAt sandhyetyucyate / ahorAprayoH sandhAvanuSTheyA kriyA yathA sandhyA tadvat // " athata jIvAtmA ane paramAtmA vaccenI "sadhi' eTale ke ekatvabhuddhi, menu nAma sandhyA . saMnyAsAzrama saM bhA che tama'a bed of roses' = 'sujhAmanI taLAI nathI, ane e sUcavavA mATe ja daMDa dhAraNa karavAmAM Ave che.

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Azrama vyavasthA " jJAnadaNDo dhRto yena ekadaNDI sa ucyate // kASThadaNDo dhRto yena sarvAzI jJAnavarjitaH / ja jAti nAna vAna mahAvattinA titikSAjJAnavairAgyazamAdiguNavarjitaH / bhikSAmAtreNa yo jIvet sa pApI yativRttihA // " vAgdaNDo'tha manodaNDaH karmadaNDastathaiva ca / yasyaite niyatA daNDAtridaNDIti sa ucyate / " ' jeNe jJAnadaMDa dhAraNa karyo che te ekadaMDI; jeNe vAgadaMDa mane daMDa ane karmadaMDa rAkhyA che te tridaMDIH arthAta daMDa te kASThano daMDa nahi paNa Antara daMDa. kadAcita cittavikSepe karIne jJAnadaMDanI vismRti thAya, te na thAya eTalA mATe jJAnadaMDane smAraka kASThadaMDa dhAraNa karavAmAM Ave che. jJAnahIna rahI mAtra kASTane ja daMDa dhAraNa karanAra-jenAmAM titikSA, jJAna, vairAgya, zama Adi guNe nathI, ane je mAtra bhIkha mAgI khAvI eTaluM ja jANe che e-pApI che, ane ghara narakane adhikArI thAya che. A rIte ApaNuM zAstramAM-brAhmaNa bauddha ane jina traNe zAstramAM- patinA dharmo bahuvistArapUrvaka varNavyA che, jenuM atre te mAtra digadarzana ja karAvavAnuM hatuM. eka prazna thaze ke-A cAre AzramanA dharmo jANIne zuM? brahmacayavasthA jemAM gurukulavAsAdino vidhi che; vAnaprasthAzrama jemAM strIsahavartamAna, phalasUla khAIne ane valkala paherIne vanamAM rahevAnuM che; ane saMnyAsAzrama, jemAM sarvasvano tyAga karI jIvanmukti prApta karavAnI che-e hAlanA jamAnAmAM zakya che? zakya nathI, te prAcIna citro joI khuzI thavuM ethI zuM phaLa? A praznane uttara ke dezakAlAnusAra dareka saMsthAmAM pheraphAra thAya che, ane tho ja joIe--paNa eTalAthI A AzramasaMsthA kAlAtIta thaI gaI che, vartamAna jamAnAmAM kevaLa nirupAgI che, ema mAnavuM * "mAnasasya jJAnadaNDasya kadAciJcittavikSepaNAsmRtiH prasajyeteti tanivAraNArtha smArakaH kASThadaNDo dhriyate / "

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AzramavyavasthA barAbara nathI. prAcIna brahmacaryAzramamAMthI, vartamAna samayamAM bAlakane kema keLavavAM ane kevA niyamo paLAvavA e saMbadhe bahu upayogI upadeza maLe ema che. gRhasthAzrama AjakAla pAzavajIvana je thaI rahyo che tene badale emAM parArthatA ane dhArmikatA lAvavA mATe prAcIna gRhasthAzrama namUnArUpa che. AjakAla strIpurUSaemanuM samasta jIvana viSapabhegamAM ane dravyApArjananI cintAmAM vyatIta kare che, ethI lagnanI ane jIvananI bhAvanAne hAni pahoce che. lagnane parama uddeza siddha thato nathI, jIvanane parama uddeza siddha thata nathI-ane pazunA jevuM jIvana maraNa paryanta vahyuM jAya che, e doSa dUra karI strIpuruSanA saMbandhanuM ane te sAthe manuSyajIvananuM parama prayajana siddha karavAne mArga te vAnaprasthAzrama che. ane enI parAkASThA sanyAsAzramamAM prApta thAya che e sarva Azramane, kAMIke kAMIke bAhya pheraphAra sAthe, hAlanA samayamAM pharI UbhA karavA azakya nathI. [vasata, vi. saM. 1959, Azvina ]

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48 puruSArtha ' puruSArtha manuSyajanmanA uddeza tapAsavA ane e uddeza siddha karavA mATe jIvananA zAstrIya niyame ceAjavA--e kAryamAM ApaNA prAcIna mahaSioe jevAM adbhuta buddhi ane kauzalya darzAvyAM che tevAM bhAgye ja kAI paNa prajAnA itihAsamAM najare paDaze. tenI varNavyavasthA mATe arvAcIna dunI Adara dharAvatI nathI, paNa tenI AzramavyavasthA ane puruSArthavyavasthA viSe te! hajI paNa mAna ane saMmati sivAya khIjI daSTie jovAya tema nathI. teonI varNavyavasthAmAM dhaNA sArA aMzA hatA, ane te AjanA janasamAjamAM paNa, eka nahi te khIje rUpe paNu, svIkAravA paDe che. paNu vastutaH e varNavyavasthAmAM kevaLa teonI A dRSTine ja prabhAva na hatA, eTale enA zaithilyathI teonI ArSa buddhine kAMI paNa dUSaNa lAgatuM nathI. varNavyavasthA e manuSyazaktinI naisagika vividhatAne sala rIte vyavasthita karavAnA yatna mAtra hatA, ane te samayanI jarUriyAtamAMthI paNa enuM svarUpa keTaleka aMze dhaDAeluM hatuM; Ama hAvAthI ane prakRti ane kAlanA saMyAgathI svAbhAvika rIte utpanna thaeluM phUla mAnIe tA kheruM nathI, ane A ja kAraNathI anya dezanA prAcIna vidvAne (udA. pleTA ane eNrisToTala )ne paNa AvI kalpanA sUjhI hatI. paraMtu jyAre puruSArthavyavasthA ane AzramavyavasthA upara AvIe chIe tyAre tA ApaNA prAcIna RSionI zuddhinA ja prabhAva ApaNe nirakhIe chIe. manuSyajanmanA uddeza zA? e viSe anya dezanA vidvAnee vicAra karyo nathI ema nathI; karyAM na hoya tA A ananyasAdhAraNatA e ja enI nirarthakatAnA pUratA pUrAvA thai rahe. paNa vastutaH, ApaNA RSioe puruSArthanA nirNaya saMbaMdhI je cintana karyuM che emAM rahelI vyApakatA ane vizeSe karIne A viSayamAM karelA nirNayAne vyavahAramAM mUkavA teoe racelI AzramavyavasthA, e to anya kAI paNa prajAnA itihAsamAM maLavI muzkela che. RSioe nakkI karelA puruSArtha cAra che; dharma, artha, kAma ane mAkSa--jemAM dharma ane mekSane ekaThA letAM e ' trivarga ' paNa kahevAya che. A puruSArthIne uttama manuSyajIvanamAM eka khIjAthI chUTA pADavAnA

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puruSArtha nathI-sarvenI yegyasaMghanA karavAnI che. je saMghaTanAne abhAve ApaNuM jIvana kadarUpuM ane kheDIluM-ane temAM paNa je dharmanuM tattva vIsAravAmAM Ave te nirarthaka ane mRtaprAya-thaI jAya che. mahAkavi kumAradAsanA " jAnakIharaNamAM vizvAmitra rAma-lakSmaNane laI janakarAjAne tyAM jAya che ane tyAM AraMbhamAM RSi rAjAne keTalAka kuzalaprazna pUche che. temAM eka prazna evI matalabane che ke-he rAjA ! yuvAvasthAmAM te dharma artha ane kAma sarakhI rIte sevyA che ? ane have tuM vRddhAvasthAe pahoMce te artha ane kAma karatAM dharmane AgaLa pADe che? "yenAdau trivargasya kaccit sAmyaM gatadhiram / dho'dha vayaso vRddhayA saha saMvardhate tava // " A praznamAM vyavahAra ane paramArthanA saMbadha paratve ApaNA prAcIna pUrvajonA zA vicAra hatA e yathArtha rIte darzAvAya che. (1) dharma e manuSyajIvanane pradhAna udeza yAne parama artha (prayojana) heI sarvanA agrasthAne che. paraMtu e uddeza paNa "artha" (dravya) ane "kAma" (sukha)nA yogya saMpAdana vinA siddha thavo azakya che. artha" (dravya)nA tiraskArathI dharma kevuM svarUpa le che enuM pratyakSa daSTAnta ApaNu ALasu bAvAonAM jhuMDa che; ane "kAma" (sukha)nA tyAgathI vairAgyane bhUkhara vA jIvananI vADIne verAna karI nAMkhaze te pachI dharmarUpI mIThAM phaLa ApaNe kyAM joIzuM? atre e paNa smaraNamAM rAkhavuM ke A "dharma -zabdanA arthamAM nIti ane nItinuM adhiSThAna (sAMkaDA arthamAM) dharma yAne IzvaraniSTA e baMnene samAveza thAya che. ane tethI jema sAmAnya rIte "artha" ane "kAmathI vihIna kharI IzvaraniSTA azakya che, tema "artha' ane "kAma" vinA nIti paNa azakya che. bicArA daridra mANasanI nIti keTale sudhI pahoMcavAnI 2 bahu te abhAvAtmaka ke hadayamAtranI nIti e AcarI zake-paNa jyAM roga bhUkha vagerethI pIDAtAM pitAnAM kuTuMbajananAM ke manuSyabadhuonAM saMkaTo e joze tyAM enuM hadaya cIrAze. paNa e saMkaTo TALavAnA ilAjo e zI rIte laI zakavAno hato? tyAre zuM daridra mANasane mATe nItinI uttama bhAvanA siddha karavAne avakAza ja nathI?-ema tame pUchaze. Ano uttara ke daridra mANasa paNa upadeza vagerethI arthavAna-dhanika-pAse enA dhanane upayoga karAvI-ispitALa dharmazALA vagere sthapAvI-pite badhujananAM duHkho TALe, ane A

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50, puruSArtha rIte parepakAramAM kAraNa banI nItinI uttama bhAvanA siddha kare. paraMtu A kArya janasamAjamAM dhanika puruSe heya te ja banI zake. mATe dhanane tiraskAra e janasamAja mATe puruSArtha na ja gaNAya. mATe zAe janasamAja mATe sAmAnya niyamo ghaDavAmAM dhanane puruSArtha gaNyuM che te yogya ja che. vaLI jema "a" vinA nIti azakya che tema "kAma" ( vyAvahArika sukhanI IcchA) vinA paNa e azakya che. nIti kevaLa vyAvahArika sukha arthe ja che-pachI te vyaktinuM che ke janasamAjanuM he-evI adhama ehikatA ApaNA pUrvajoe nItinA prayojaka hetumAM je ke svIkArI nathI; chatAM teonuM sAmAnya manuSya svabhAvanuM jJAna eTaluM UDuM hatuM ke sukhanI icchA manuSyane kevo pravartaka hetu che te teo bhUlyA nahotA. janasaMskRtimAM sukhanI icchA kevI prabaLa zakti nIvaDI che e dhyAnamAM rAkhavAthI, "karmIne puruSArtha rUpe svIkAra egya jaNAze. (2) have "artha'ne dharma ane kAmathI vikhUTA paDatAM zAM pariNAma Ave che te joIe. anItithI dravya saMpAdana karavuM, jagatamAM prabhuno vAsa che e bhUlI jaI, rAta divasa "a" nA dAsa thaI sonAnA UkaraDA vadhA ravA-e manuSyajanmane hetu kadI paNa hoI zake nahi. robarTa sudhInI bizapa haiTanA UdariyA minArA viSenI kavitA ghaNue vAMcI hazeH bizapa haiTa atyanta bhI ane krUra hato eka vakhata enA gAmamAM dukALa paDayo' tyAre loka enI pAse anAja mAgavA AvyA. eNe hajAro maNa anAja pitAnA ThAramAM bharI rAkhyuM hatuM paNa emane eka kaNa paNa bhUkhe bharatA lokone eNe A nahi, ane ulaTuM e bicArAone eka keThAramAM rUMdhI mArI nAMkhyA pariNAme banyuM evuM ke e jyAM sUte hate. tyAM ThAranA UMdaraDAnI dhADa dhaDabaDa karatI AvatI dekhAI! enI bhIMta enI chate enA zarIra upara jyAM juve tyAM UMdaraDA! nadInI vacce vacce eka minArAmAM jaIne rahyo tyAM paNa enuM e dekhAya ! A pramANe enuM pApa ene karaDayuM. bizapa hene ApaNe dhikkArIe chIe ane enA udarAnI vAta sAMbhaLI ApaNe hazIe chIe. paNa ApaNe ApaNA jIvanamAM dravyanI sevA dharmathI kevI vikhUTI pADI daIe chIe e vicArIzuM te bizapa haiTane ja avatAra ApaNuM AtmamAM pratIta thaze. pazcimanA dezamAM Aja kAla aDhaLaka dhana saMpAdana karavAnI je tRNuM vadhI che, ane ene pariNAme ghaUM rU vagere manuSyanI sAmAnya agatyanA padArtho eka hAtha

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puruSArtha karI laI enA bhAva caDhAvI daI naphe khAvAnI je rIte cAle che, e kevaLa adharma che; ane janasamAjane AtmA e pApane pitAmAMthI dUra karavA DahApaNuthI prabaLa yatna nahi kare te jagatanuM sukha dina para dina vadhavAne badale pAyamAlI upara AvI jaze. A samAjanA dehamAMthI viSa pheMkI devA yuropamAM je arAjakatAnAM maMDaLo (Ananchists) utpanna thayAM che, ane samaSTivAdIo (socialists) paNa janasamAjane khaLabhaLAvI mUke che-e viSanuM auSadha viSa e nyAyanuM aniSTa auSadha che. ApaNA dezamAM yurepa-amerikA jevuM samartha dhana nathI, eTale dhanavaDe anyane herAna karavAnA upara kahyA tevA duSTa yatna thatA nathI. paNa ApaNuM daridratAnA kAraNathI AjakAla ApaNAmAM dravya saMpAdana karavAnI je tIvra IcchA utpanna thaI che te dharmathI alaga na paDI jAya eTalI ApaNe saMbhALa rAkhavAnI jarUra che. atyAre ApaNA dezamAM dhanika dhanikatAne dharma samaje che kharA; ene pUrAvo e che ke AjakAla ApaNe sthaLe sthaLe pAThazALA davAkhAnA vagere dezakalyANane mArge dAna thatAM jaIe chIe. (ane e sarve "TAITala" meLavavA mATe ja thAya che evo anyAyI ane nAdAna vicAra karavAnuM kAraNa nathI.) paraMtu sAmAnya prajAmAM dhananI tRSNa vadhatI hoya ema lAge che. tethI e tRSNArUpI rAkSasI ApaNuM AtmAne khAI na jAya eTalI atyArathI sAvacetI rAkhIzuM te bhaviSyamAM aneka anartho utpanna thatA aTakaze, dharmarUpI amRta mULamAM reDAtuM raheze te ja dhananI vela paNa phAlaze, ane enAM phaLa manuSya khAI zake evAM thaze. arthane dharma sAthe saMbadha jema jarUra che tema "kAma" sAthe paNa jarUra che. "artha" sAthe je kAmanI (sukha) icchA joDAelI hotI nathI, te kaMjUsapaNuM utpanna thAya che. sukhanI IcchA vinA sonAnA DhagalA enA mAlikane bhAra rUpa che eTaluM ja nahi paNa sukhanA vinimayamAM e jyAre tavaMgara pAsethI garIba pAse jAya che tyAre ja enI gya vaheMcaNI thaI janasamAjanAM saghaLAM avayavo samAna sAmarthavALAM bane che. vaLI janasamAja samagra laIne vicAra karIe te te ema paNa kahI zakAya ke sukhanI icchA vinA janasamAja dhanika thato ja nathI; kAraNa ke sukhanI IrachA e dhananA saMvibhAgamAM tema ja utpAdanamAM prabaLa hetu che. A kAraNathI, jo ke ApaNe ApaNuM raheNukaraNamAM sthitine anusaratI sAdAI rAkhIzuM tathApi sukha bhogavavAnI icchA ApaNuM jIvanamAMthI taddana hAMkI

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thara puruSArtha , kADhIzuM nahi. divase divase ApaNuM loke ezaArAmI thatA jAya che ema ApaNe keTaleka sthaLethI phariyAda sAMbhaLIe chIe. paraMtu A phariyAda amane te geravyAjabI lAge che. ApaNI prajA gaI eka be saddImAM evI nirdhana thaI gaI hatI ke sAdAI ane karakasara vinA jIvana azakya hatuM--ane e sAdAI ane karakasara hajI tAjAM hovAthI jarA paNa sukha bhogavavA tarapha keI sthaLe IcchA jovAmAM Ave che te ApaNe ene ezaArAmInuM cihuna dhArI bhaDakI uThIe chIe! ane jANe ApaNu deze to prAcIna samayathI bAvA ane saMnyAsI rahevAnuM ja vrata lIdhu hoyanI evI ajJAna samajaNa ApaNe dharAvIe chIe! paNa vastutaH brAhmaNuAdi amuka varga mATe yojAelAM vacanane sarva dezanI vAstavika sthitinuM varNana mAnI laI prAcIna granthamAM supaganAM je asaMkhya citro vAMcavAmAM Ave che enA upara haDatALa mAravI e vAjabI nathI. (3) dharma artha ane kAma sAthe, tathA arthane dharma ane kAma sAthe saMbadhe ApaNe je. have "kAmane dharma tathA artha sAthe samanvaya karIe. upalA vivecanathI kadAca koIne ema lAgyuM haze ke ame uDAupaNunA ne ezaArAmanA jIvananuM pratiprAdana karIe chIe. te e brAnti havenA vivecanathI dUra thaze. "kAma" eTale ke sukhanI icchA sAthe hamezAM dhama joDavo tathA "artha jeDa. dharmathI vimukta sukhanI icchA e purupArtha manAvI na ja joIe; evI sukhanI icchA vastutaH dareka vyaktinA jIvanamAM pravartaka hotI nathI eTaluM ja nahi, (dharmane vAstu ghaNu manuSyae prANu suddhAM amya che), paraMtu janasamAje paNa dharmakhAtara asaMkhya viTaMbaNAo veThI che. dharmakhAtara pArasIoe pitAnuM vatana tyarUM, yAhudI prajA pRthvI upara bhaTakatI thaI gaI, ane hinduoe kesarIyAM karyo che ! manuSya zuM kare che te uparathI zuM karavuM joIe, eno nirNaya phalita thato nathI ema kahevAya che kharuM; paNa vividha sthaLanAM manuSyo zuddha bhAve je kRtya kare che tathA sArAM mAne che, te manuSyanI nIti paratve sAmAnya samajaNa sUcave che emAM saMzaya nathI. tathApi manuSya zuM karavuM joIe, arthAta manuSyanuM kartavya zuM che, e praznane uttara bhAgIzuM te paNa eTaluM spaSTa ja che ke sukhanI sAdhanA e ja enuM kartavya nathI. vyaktimAM e udeza svAthapaNa tarIke niSiddha che eTaluM ja nahi paNa janasamAjamAM te e bhAvanA atyanta hAnikara nIvaDI che. dharmanuM zathilya ane sukhanI lAlasA e dareka

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puruSArtha 53 prajAnA itihAsamAM paDatInuM cihana jaNAyuM che. paraMtu ethI ulaTI sthiti jaMgalI prajAmAM paNa dekhAya che, ane tethI upara vivecanamAM ApaNe sukhanI 'icchAne paNa gya aMzamAM anumodI che. paraMtu A be sthiti vacce pasaMdagI karavAnI hoya to dharma rahIne sukha nAza pAme e sAruM, paNa sukha rahIne dharma jAya e khATuM. "dhararthI zAma" e uktimAM puSkaLa satya che. ezaArAmathI dezanI kevI pAyamAlI thAya che e siddha karavA mATe pUrA | ' Apavo paDe evuM nathI-chatAM joIto hoya te ApaNuM dezanA itihA samAM yuge yuge maLI Avaze. vAsyAyana amara vagerenA samaye te dUra rahevA de, paNa vadhAre arvAcIna samayamAM AvI megalo ane marAThAnA samayanA * pUrvArdha ane uttarArdha sarakhA megalomAM ane marAThAomAM dharmanuM teja tapatu hatuM e samaye ju, ane pachI chAvaNImAM ane cAlate yuddha paNa gAna tAna ane gaNikAmAM meja mAranAra emanA vaMzajone kALa tapAsa eTale dharma virahita "kAmane anusaravAthI dezanI zI sthiti thAya che e sahaja pratIta thaI jaze. jema "dharma-rahita "kAma" hAnikAraka che, tema "artha'-rahita paNa hAnikAraka che. paNa subhAgya artharahita kAma lAMbe vakhata cAlI zakato ' ja nathI, nirdhana mANasa keTalo vakhata sukha bhogave ? cAra dahADA uDAu thaI sukha bhogavI le, paraMtu chevaTe to khAlI khIsA sAthe saMkaTa ja joDAeluM che. ApaNA dezanI vartamAna sthiti kAmaparApaNutAnI arthAta ezaArAmanI nathI-ane tethI ja ApaNuM nirdhanatA ghaNe bhAge sahya thaI che. paNa ApaNAmAM jUnA sukhanA vakhatanA rivAje evA jaDa ghAlI beThA che ke ApaNI nidhana dazAmAM ApaNe ene tyAga karavo joIe chatAM ApaNe te karatA nathI ! ApaNuM vividha jJAtiomAM varA-vAjana- maraNa-paraNu aMge ghaNu dravya nirarthaka kharcAI jAya che. ene kuTumba -jJAti ke dezanA kalyANamAM sadupayoga karavAne badale emAM je je sudhArA thAya che temAM paNa ghaNe bhAge eka khoTA kharcane badale bIjuM beTuM kharca ja ubhuM karavAmAM Ave che, jJAti bhejanane badale "IvanigapArTi' ubhI thAya che. prajAnA utsavanA prasaMge lUkhA karI nAMkhavA ema amAruM kahevuM nathI. paNa je utsava AkhA janmArAnI kamAI eka divasamAM harI jAya e kharekhara rIte utsava'nA nAmane jarA paNa nathI. "usava" te enuM nAma ke je maMgaLa prasaMga ApaNuM

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54 puruSArthe : jIvanamAM ullAsa aO, ApaNA jIvanane UMcuM ane navuM banAve. je prasaMganA divasathI karajanI ane kaSTanI zarUAta thAya tene * utsava' kANu kahI zakaze ? sarakArI daphataramAM inkamaTaeNkasanA ( Ayapata verAnA ) AMkaDA joze| tyAre jaNAze ke trIsa karoDanI vastImAM kevI jUja saMkhyA mahine dahADe pAMca pAuDa paNa kamAya che ! chatAM upara kahelA kharcALa rivAjonA kheAjo te dareka jJAtimAM dareka kuTumba upara heAya che ema kahIe teA cAle. tame pUchazeA ke leAka jo AvA daridra che. te prasaMge prasaMge, joItAM nANAM kyAMthI Ave che? AnA uttara eka ja che ke emanA dehanA ane AtmAnA rudhiramAMthI. A atizayeAkti nathI. ApaNA nidhana dezamAM dareka kuTumbane pAtA pAse je thADu dhaNuM dravya heAya te Ave prasaMge kharcavuM paDe che, tenuM pariNAma e Ave che ka kuTumbajanAnA ArAgya mATe ceAgya dhara kapaDAM khArAka vageremAM je kharca karavuM joie te karAtuM nathI, tema ja udyoga keLavaNI musAkarI vagere manuSyajIvanane sukhI ane vizALa banAvanAra Avazyaka sAdhanA paNa keTaleka aMze dUrathI varlDavAM paDe che. te mATe ema kahIe chIe ke jIvanamAM * kAma ' yAne sukha prApta karavuM hoya te 'artha' nA yAgakSemanA--eTale ke paisA bacAvavA ane kamAvAnA--mArgo ceAo: karakasara kare!, kAraNa ke karakasara e mhoTA ane Avazyaka guNu che; paNa dravyeAtpAdana upara mukhya lakSa rAkhA, kAraNa ke dravyeAtpAdana e vadhAre mhATA ane tejasvI guNu che. (4) A pramANe ApaNA prAcIna pUrvajoe, dharma atha ane kAmanA samanvaya karavAne upadeza karyo che. paNa kahyusa`dharA te kIDI paNa kare che, ane sukhanI icchA teA prANImAtramAM sAdhAraNa che: eTale artha ane kAma e e puruSArthI te| manuSyamAM khAsa karIne che ema kahI zakAtuM nathI. paraMtu manuSyanuM je manuSyatva che te te dharmamAM ja raheluM che, ane tethI sarva puruSArtha madhye dharmane agra sthAna dhaTe che. A kANuthI upalA zveAkamAM vizvAmitre janakarAjAne pUchyuM che ke have uttarAvasthAmAM te dharmane AgaLa pADayA che ke krama ? anya dezAmAM jyAM AzramavyavasthA ajJAta che tyAM manuSyajIvananuM parama prayeAjana bhUlAI jaI uttarAvasthA paramArtha cintanamAM na gaLAya e svAbhAvika che; paraMtu ApaNA deza ke jemAM A viSayanI kimata kharAkhara samajAI che, ane jemAM prAcIna maharSioe jIvananuM ' TAimaTebala ' bAMdhI chellI ghaDI' jIvananuM sArthakya karavA mATe AMkI rAkhI che, tyAM paNa uttarA

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puruSArtha che 55 vasthA vRthA jalpamAM, nirbaLatAnA nisAsAmAM, ane kiMkartavyatAnI mUDhatAmAM pasAra thAya e jevuM AzcaryakAraka tevuM ja khedakAraka che. dhyAnamAM rAkhe che dharma e uttarAvasthAmAM navo AraMbhavAne puruSArtha nathI. enuM sevana pUrvavasthAmAM ja thavuM joIe. e thayuM haze te uttarAvasthA khAlIkhAlI ane kAryazanya nahi lAge-bake pUrvAvasthAnA trivargasevanane vegya paripAka emAM thato dekhAze. mekSarUpa mahApuruSArtha je prathama dharmamAM antarbhata hato te jema jema darzanazAstrone vikAsa thato gaye ane dharmabhAvanA vadhAre ucca ane sakSama banatI gaI tema tema te dharmamAMthI bahAra nIkaLavA lAge; paNa te, jema kAcae pitAnI DhAlamAMthI DokuM AgaLa kADhe che tema-arthAt e dharma sAthe Antara ane jIvanta saMbandhathI joDAelo puruSArtha che, dharmanA antaramAM rahI bahAra vikasato puruSArtha che, dharmane niSedhaka puruSAtha nathI; ane tethI ja zrIkRSNa bhagavAna kahe che ke-"zuM saM miti pArTI te vidi pA " arthAta yoga ane saMnyAsa yAne dharma ane mokSa te eka ja che. bemAM phera hoya te te eTalo ja che ke eka te bIjAnI paripakavAvasthA che, ane tethI zrIkaoNa anyatra jarA pheraphAra karIne kahe che ke nArIkuM rAjakAraNapuracatte ! cAhya tava rUA: rAmu " arthAta ge caDhatAM sudhI karma (dharma); ane caDhI rahyA pachI zama (saMnyAsa=kSa). paNa bIjI avasthAnA kharA adhikArI thatA hoya che...ane tethI janasamAjanA puruSArthanI gaNanAmAM dharma ane mekSane ekaThA karI 'trivarga mAM sarvane samAveza karyo che e yogya che. [vasanta, mAdha saMvata 1967.]

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pa6 vyavahAra ane paramArtha vyavahAra ane paramArtha gayA aMkamAM-ame dharma artha ane kAma e trivarga puruSArthamAM dharmanuM sthAna kyAM che e batAvyuM. anya be puruSArtha karatAM dharmanI viziSTatA e che ke uttarAvasthAmAM jyAre e be puruSArthe gauNatAne gya thAya che tyAre dharma AgaLa paDI savizeSa Adarane pAtra bane che. temAM uttarAvasthAne dharma te pUrvAvasthAnA dharmathI taddana bhinna nathI, paNa pUrvAvasthAne dharma ja uttarAvasthAmAM paripAkadazAne pAme che ane mRgazirane vA vAtAM jema karI mIThI bane che, tema prabhunA dvAra samIpa AvatAM dharma kAIka anerI mIThAza dhAraNa kare che. e avasthAmAM artha ane kAma sAtheno ene saMbandha kSINa thaI e zuddha rUpe prakAze che, ane te vakhate e "saMnyAsIne nAme oLakhAya che; paNa A sthiti sAmAnya janamAM durlabha che. tethI e sthitine vicAra have pachIthI karavAne rAkhI, pUrvAvasthAmAM dharma jyAre artha ane kAma sAthe joDAelo hoya che te vakhate enuM svarUpa zuddha kevuM hoya che ane te bIjA be puruSArtha sAthe kevI jAtane saMbandha dharAve che e vize Aja vicAra karIzuM. AraMbhamAM ja sara nArAyaNa caMdAvarakare eka bhASaNamAM TAMkelo pitAne anubhava amane yAda Ave che. sara nArAyaNa kahe che ke "eka divasa rajAnA dahADAmAM huM pUnA pAsenA eka gAma bahAra pharavA nIkaLyo hate. sUryane lAla prakAza khetare upara patharAelo hato ane saghaLuM zAnta hatuM, mArI AgaLa eka bAI AsapAsa khetaramAMthI chANa laI pAse mUkelI TopalImAM bharatI jatI hatI. eTalAmAM mArI pAse thaIne eka mANasa tathA be juvAna chokarA nIkaLyA. pelA mANase karAone kahyuM: "ApaNe dunIAmAM zuM karavuM che? mahenata karavI, peTa bharavuM ane gupacupa besI rahevuM." A zabdo sAMbhaLIne huM bolyo "bhAI! A chokarAone dunIAne A halake khyAla kema Apo cho? mahenata karavI ane peTa bharavuM te sivAya zuM bIjuM kAMI ja karavAnuM nathI?" eNe uttara dIdheH "bhagavAnanuM smaraNa karavuM e to kharuM ja te." pachI pelI bAI mArI sAthe vAtamAM bhaLI ane kahyuM: "bhAI ThIka kaho cheH nahi te paramezvara ApaNane anna kema Ape ?' meM kahyuM: "paNa bhagavAnanuM phakta smaraNa karIzuM tethI e anna kema Apaze?" pelI bAIe turata javAba vALyo:

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vyavahAra ane paramArtha paha bhagavAnanuM samaraNa karaze to tame corI nahi kare, juThuM nahi belo ane ALasu paDI nahi rahe." uparane uttara sAMbhaLI sara nArAyaNanuM hRdaya svadezAbhimAnathI hara| khAyuM. kenuM na harakhAya? chellA sensasamAM kadAca A saghaLAM sAdAM kheDUta ja "abhaNa" vargamAM seMdhAyAM haze ! paNa bhaNelAone pUche ke vyavahAra ane paramArthane saMbadha A karatAM vadhAre yathArtha ane saceta rIte tame darzAvI zakazo? kahe che ke prabhunAM daphataramAM te "ApaNuM AgaLanA te pAchaLa, ane pAchaLanA te AgaLa" ema hoya che. te barAbara cheH vijJad vikAnatAM vijJAtimavijJAnatA"(upaniSada). zabarI kyAM naivedyane viAdha bhaNavA gaI hatI? e bicArIe prabhune bAra dharAvyAM tyAre pAse beThelA keI ke pUchayuM ke khATAM te nathI? tyAre eNe uttara Apo ke "eke eka karaDI cAkhIne lAvI chuM."! prabhue e bAra svIkAryo. mATe ame te spaSTa kabula karIzuM ke prabhunAM rahasyo jevAM A sAdAM-bheLAM-ajJAna bhAsatA manuSyone samajAyAM hoya che, tevAM ApaNuM mUrNa vidvattAne svamAmAM paNa bhAsyAM hatAM nathI. tethI Aja te A bAIne uttarane ja sUtrasthAne rAkhI enA vivaraNarUpe be zabdo kahIzuM. vyavahAra sAthe paramArtha zI rIte joDavo, cetarapha cAlatA dunIAdArInA pracaMDa vigrahanI vacamAM ubhA rahI prabhubhakti zI rIte karavI -e prazna hamezAM vikaTa gaNAya che. paNa vartamAna samayamAM te e ghaNAne taddana asamAdheya ja lAge che, keTalAka manuSyamAM dhananI tRSNane vAyu puSkaLa bahekI rahyA hoya che temane mATe te kadAca ema kahI zakAya ke teo prabhunuM smaraNa karatA nathI e emanI bhUla che. paNa je manuSyone sAmAnya gujarAna mATe ghara ane bajAramAM vaitarAM karavAM paDe che temanI pAse prabhubhaktinI zI AzA rAkhI zakAya? bezaka, je prabhu ja nitya ane sAcuM Thare ane A dunIA kSaNabhaMgura ane mithyA kare te prabhubhakti hAme kaIpaNa svArthane TakavAne haka nathI. paNa A dunIo jevI satya ane anivArya lAge che tevo prabhu jyAM sudhI nathI lAgato tyAM sudhI te A dunIAnA vyavahArane ja prAdhAnya ApavuM joIe. Ama pUrvapakSa thAya che. AthI vartamAna samayamAM dharma pratye sAmAnya janamAM aneka tarehanA bhAvo jevAmAM Ave che. keTalAka to dharmane-DAhyAnI sabhAmAM gAMDa Avyo hoya ema potAnA DAhyADamarA dunIAdArInA vicAronI moga

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18 vyavahAra ane paramArtha lAI sabhAmAMthI hazIne hAMkI kADhe che! keTalAka e bicArAne sabhAne cheDe eka khUNe besADI mUke che. ane e DAhyAonI sabhAmAM ene jarAe bolavAne haka to zene ja hoya? keTalAka manuSyahRdayanA bhAvamAM enI utkRSTatA svIkAre che; paNa e te jANe vAratahevAre ghaDI be ghaDI paheravAnAM kapaDAM hoya ema samajIne! vaLI keTalAka ene A karatAM vadhAre Avazyaka mAne che. paNa teo enA upara dara aThavADIe maLa dhovAnI "kaMthATika pila," karatAM ke tAva ravAnA "kivanIna" karatAM vadhAre premanI dRSTie jetA nathI. kharI vAta e che ke dharmane anyapuruSArtha sAthe kevI jAtane saMbandha che e na samajavAthI ja dharmanI A sarva viDambanA thAya che. sipAInA paherA badalAya che tema dharma artha ane kAmanA paherA nathI ke artha ane kAmanA samaya uparAMta dharmane samaya joIe. artha ane kAmane samaya te ja dharmane mAtra dharmanA antaHpravezathI artha ane kAma projana ane pavitra bane che eTaluM ja antaH praveza, bAhya sahacAra nahi. anya puruSArtha sAthe dharmane bAhya sahacAra e nirarthaka daMbha che. AnuM eka daSTAnta sAMbhaveluM amane yAda Ave che. eka sArA dezI rAjyanA eDaminisTreTara pitAnA rAjyakAryamAM evA gUMthAelA rahetA ke rAtre sUtI vakhate pAse mINabattI ane dIvAsaLInI peTI rakhAve ane rAtamAM jyAre ekAeka vicAra sajhI Ave (te rAjyaprakaraNI ja) tyAre jhaTa dIvo karI e vicAra lakhI kADhe. emane sadhyA-pUjAne te vakhata kyAMthI ja maLe? tethI teo nhAvAne kuMDImAM pANuM kaDhAve tyArathI saMdhyA bhaNavA mAMDe, te nahAIne pATalA upara jamavA bese tyAM sudhImAM pUrI thAya-jethI pitAnA jIvananI eka kSaNa paNa sarakArI nokarImAMthI ochI na karavI paDe ane prabhubhakti thaI gaNAya! A dharmane vyavahAramAM karavo joIte je antaHpraveza te nathI. e te mAtra bAhya sahacAra che. balake te paNa che ke kema e zaMkA paDatuM che. auraMgajeba cAlate yuddha paNa hAthI uparathI UtarI vakhatasara prabhunI baMdagI karavI cUkato nahi. e kharA hRdayathI te karavA mATe ene ApaNe daMbha to nahi kahIe, tathApi e dharmanuM kharuM svarU5-je artha ane kAmane arthAta vyavahArane pavitra banAvavAnuM te-e samajyo nahoto ane tethI enA vyavahAradharmathI vikhUTa paDI apavitra balka pApI banyo hato. dharmano vyavahAramAM eTale ke artha ane kAmamAM antaH praveza thaelo kema jANavo? eka daSTAntathI

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vyavahAra ane paramArtha batAvIzaH eka macI buTa zIvavA bese che; zIvatAM zIvatAM ene thayuM ke bicArA baccAne A cAmaDuM te khUMcazeH turata kApeluM cAmaDuM eNe phekI dIdhu, ane bIjuM kUMNuM cAmaDuM laI pharIthI zIvavA beThe-e mANase prabhune oLakhyo. prabhunI oLakha jevI nitya vyavahAramAM thAya che tevI samAdhimAM paNa thatI nathI. artha ane kAmathI dUra rahe dharma AvaDatuM nathI. dharmanI zikSAzALA te A vyavahAranuM jagata che. pANumAM paDayA vinA mAtra hAtha halAvavAnI vAta jANavAthI taratAM AvaDatuM nathI; vahANe caDhayA vinA vahANa haMkAratAM AvaDatuM nathI; yuddhanuM zAstra paNa game teTaluM zIkhe paNa raNabhUmi upara himata zAnti samayasUcakatA vagere guNe tame keTalA rAkhI zake che te upara ja tamArA jayaparAjayane AdhAra che. A ja pramANe dharmanuM paNa che. dharmanI cAra vAta araNyanI guphAmAM bezIne karavAthI dharma AvaDato nathI. araNyanI guphA e prAcIna rUDhine dAkhalo lIdhe, paNa vartamAna samayanI guphAo thaDI nathIH yunivasaTI, pustakazALA, prArthanAmaMdira vagere A jAtanI guphAo ja che. emAM prApta kareluM jJAna jyAM sudhI vyavahAranI kasoTIe caDhatu nathI tyAM sudhI e siddha ane saMskArI banatuM nathI. amArA vakhatanA eka zikSaka mATe evI vAta cAlatI ke emane ghoDA upara besatAM AvaDatuM nahotuM, paNa e guruvamadhyabindune siddhAnta jANatA hatA ane tethI gurutvamadhyabindunI rekhA ghaDAmAM rAkhavI e karatAM manuSya ghaDe besavAmAM kAMI vizeSa karavAnuM nathI ema teo samajatA hatA. AvI samajathI teo ghoDe beThA, paNa ghaDAe emanI samajane mAna na ApyuM ! ApaNe vyavahAra e paNa Avo ja ghoDe cheH eNe samatAne siddhAnta jANanAra asaMkhya ghoDesvArene pADayA che, ane ApaNane pratidina keTalI badhI vAra pADe che ene sAkSI ApaNe AbhA ja che. paNa gheDe besI jANe te ghaDesvArane samatAne siddhAnta jANavAnuM zuM prayojana che? -ema tame pUchaze. ane uttara ke duniAmAM hamezAM ghoDe ja besavAnuM hotuM nathI. koIka vAra UMTe paNa besavAnuM Ave. te vakhata e UMcuM ane kaDhaMguM prANuM joI tamAruM kALajuM na dhaDake te mATe eTaluM jANavAnI jarUra che ke jyAM besIzuM tyAM je samatAthI besIzu to paDavAne bhaya nathI. bhATe ja pelI bAIe kahyuM che ke "jeNe bhagavAnane oLakhyo che tenAmAM jUTha corI ALasa e kadI paNa nahi Ave." jeNe bhagavAnane nathI oLakhe temanI zAhakArI to jyAM sudhI jeIla che tyAM sudhI ja

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60 vyavahAra ane paramArthe enA udyoga paNa jyAM sudhI pArake paise rabara TAyaranI gADIe doDAvavAnI nathI maLI tyAM sudhI ja. mATe ceArI ALasa vagere aTakAvavAnA kharA upAya je sarva dezamAM sa` kALamAM manuSyanI sarva avasthAomAM kAma lAge che te e ja che ke prabhunI oLakha karavI. ane prabhunI jene kharI oLakha thaI haze te sArI rIte jANaze ja ke prabhu mArI ane A dunIAnI bahu r nathI, AkhA vizvanA e ja antaryAMmI che, ane tethI enuM smaraNu arthAt dharma e paNa dunIAnA sadhaLA vyavahArane-arcanA ane kAmane antaryAmI thavA dhaTe che; eTale ke artha ane kAmanA e dAsa nathI, paNa artha ane kAma upara amala bheAgavI atha ane kAmane peAtAnA kAmAM prere che. dharmanuM A jIvanta antaryAmitva jenA jANavAmAM nathI tee dharmane potAnI dunIAdArInA vaibhavanu sAdhana banAvavA icche che ! je dharma paisA Ape, sarva prakAranuM sukha Ape e ja dharma kharA ! eka jaNe jarA chIDAine kahyu che tema "Men do not worship God; they se Him, " jUnA vakhatamAM amArI jJAtinA eka amaladAra viSe kahevAya che OM (AzA che ke e vAta kalpita haze ) te nitya devanuM pUjana karatA, ane pUjana karatI vakhate kheAlatA nahi, mAtra sainAthI ja vAta karatA hatA tevAmAM kArakUne AvIne pUchyuM ke amuka gunhegArane zI zikSA karavI ? pelA amaladAre lAlajIne peAtAnA janeAIthI vITIne TAMgyA, ane AcamanI vatI TakA mArI batAvyA! are duSTa ! tane khabara nathI ke je premALa mAtAnAM dAmaNAMthI paNa pUrepUrA baMdhAyeA nathI te tArA sUtaranA tAMtaNAthI baMdhAvAnA hatA ? mAtra tuM tArI bhAvanAne ja khAMdhe che ! ane ene paNa tuM pavitra padavIthI bhraSTa karI tArA dunIAdArInA vyavahAranuM sAdhana banAve che! tArA karatAM te jeoe prabhune jagatanI bahAra besADI mUkayA che ane jagatamAM ene avataratA ane mUrtimanta thatA jotA nathI te ja sArA. dharmane artha ane kAmanA dAsa banAvavA te karatAM teA dharmanuM nAma cheADI daI artha ane kAmanI sevA karyAM karavI e ja sArUM. * ApaNA keLavAelA svadezabandhuenI, khulphe Aja kAla pRthvI upara ghaNe bhAge,A khIccha sthitija jovAmAM Ave che.paNa pRthvInA khIjA bhAgamAM eTaluM sArUM che ke dharmazikSaNa e dezanA prAthamika madhyama tema ja ucca sAmAnya zikSaNane bhAga hAI enI sarvathA upekSA thaI zakatI nathI. paNa ApaNe tyAM tA keLavAeleA varga dharmajJAnathI tadna virahita rahe che ane

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vyavahAra ane paramArca , tethI sAmAnya azikSita varganA dharmathI ja dezanI dhArmika bhAvanA sacavAI rahe che. A sthitimAM pheraphAra thavAnI bahu jarUra che. dharmamAM jIva haze te ja artha ane kAmamAM jIva Avaze-kuvAmAM pANuM nahi heya te havADe keTalI vakhata bharyo rahevAne hate? ApaNe kuvo pAtALa kuvo che-emAM pANuM kadI paNa khUTavAnuM nathI; paNa yogya saMbhALa nahi lo e nahi cAle. ku mATI kacarAthI pUrAI gayA hoya te te gaLA. emAM kahevaDAmaNuM dekhAtuM hoya te te kaDhAvI nAMkhI svaccha kare. baheLAM ane svaccha pANIthI tamArAM artha ane kAmanAM khetare gya samaye ane yogya mApamAM pAze te ene pAka sAro utaraze. jamIna cUse, vAvetaranAM mULa cUse, te karatAM adhika pANuM DhALIne jamIna bagADazo nahi, vAvetarane kahevaDAvazo nahi. paNa pANI vinA khetare sUkAvA dezo paNa nahi. - [vasanta, phAlgana vi. saMvata 1967.]

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adhikAra ane abheda 10 * .. .. adhikAra ane abheda ApaNAM zAstrAmAM, amuka sthAna, kriyA, vartana, jJAna Adi mATe cekagyatA e adhikAra' kahevAya che. adhikAra 'zabdanA A arthamAM * adhikArabheda 'arthAt judA judA manuSyane emanI yeAgyatAnusAra jude judA 'adhikAra,' ane ene anukUla vyavasthA--e ApaNA dharmanuM pAzcAtya dharmothI ene khAsa juduM pADanArUM eka lakSaNa che. cUrApamAM seALamA saikA sudhI adhikArabhedanA kAMika svIkAra hatA, paNa tyAM e vicAra joie teTalI paripakavatAe pahAcyA na hatA, ane emAM je kAMi thADuM ghaNu sattva hatuM, e adhamAvasthA bhAgavI, ' repharmezana' ane ' phrenca reveAlyUzana 'nA samayamAM "tarka," "buddhi," "purAvA," "hakka" "svAtantya," " 'samAnatA Adi arvAcIna vicArAnA pracaMDa vegane prabhAve naSTa thaI gayuM. egaNIsamI saddImAM Akhare karI e ja adhikArabhedanA siddhAnta DArvinanA vAlyUzana" vAde sthApyA che; paNa 'vAlyUzana' vAda 'sAyansa'-vAda hAvAthI, A sidhAnta ApaNe tyAM jema brahmavidyA sAthe joDAyeA che tema na joDAtAM, e 'sAyansa' sAthe joDAyA che. pariNAma e thayuM che ke jyAre ' sAyas' vAdI, ane ' sAyant 'ne AdhAre rAjakIya ane sAmAjika siddhAnta ghaDanArA vidvAnA, prakRtinA uccAvaca prabheda [ucca nIca vividha bheda] tarapha ane tajanya adhikArabheda tarapha ApaNu lakSa kheMce che, tyAre dhArmika krizcayana pAdarIe manuSyane prakRtithI bhinna mAnI 'manuSyamAtranI samAnatA' siddhAnta upadeze che. AjakAla A samAnatAnA siddhAnta rAjakIya ane sAmAjika viSayeAmAM thADe ja trAva thAya che, ane have e phakta dharmanA ja viSayamAM pUrAI rahelA dekhAya che. chatAM, A aMte siddhAntAmAM asamAnatA ane samAnatAnA siddhAntAmAM-keTaluM keTalu satya che, e tapAsavA jevuM che, vizeSa karI, (1) A baMnenI khAmIo batAvI, A baMnenA avirAdha vedAntamAM kevI rIte karavAmAM Ave che, vAstavika abheda' sAthe 'adhikAra' bhedane kevI rIte ghaTAvavAmAM Ave che, ane (2) vedAntamAM brahmasAkSAtkArane * adhikArI * kANu gaNAya che e joizuM. kara (1) . (1) eka pakSa asamAnatA--pratipAdaka * sAyansu '-vAdanA che. 'sAyansa' vAdIo sarvatra bheda ja jUe , ane abheda tUe che te te

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adhikAra ane abheda eTale ja ke sarva vastu prakRtimAMthI nIkaLelI che, ane prakRtirUpa ja che. parantu kharUM jotAM, A ' sAyansa' vAdamAM te te bheda eka ekathI pRthak -asaMbaddha--ja rahe che, ane e sarvane eka uccAvaca Aroha-avarAhanA krama (gradation scale) mAM gAThavavA mATe kAMi paNa tattva, kAMI paNa dhAraNa rahetuM nathI. cAra dravya ceArI jAya che, ane dAtA dAna Ape che, tyAM baMnemAM prakRtirUpe jotAM dravyanI gati mAtra ja thAya che--eka sArUM ane eka khATuM ema darzAvanAra dhAraNa prakRtimAMthI ja maLI AvatuM nathI. ekathI janamaMDalane sukha thAya che, ane khIjAthI duHkha thAya che ema kahIne paNuM khulAsA karI zakAtA nathI; kAraNa ke, prakRtimAM te sukha duHkha aMte amuka tarehanA bhAvA ja che; ekanI iSTatA ane khIjAnI aniSTatA e prakRtithI para cetana-AtmArUpI tattvane laIne ja siddha thAya che. vaLI sarva prakRtirUpa che teA manuSya UMcuM zA mATe ane mAchaluM nIcu zA mATe, parApakArI puruSa UMcA zA mATe ane cAra nIceA zA mATe--e vAtanA khulAsA thaI zakatA nathI. jema sAdAI (simplicity ), ekatA (homogeneity) tema nikRSTatA; ane jema gUtrathI (complexity ), anekatA (heterogeneity) tema utkRSTatA; mAchalAnA zarIra magaja ane jIvana karatAM manuSyanuM zarIra magaja ane jIvana, ane manuSyamAM paNa jaMgalI manuSya karatAM sudharelA manuSyanuM zarIra magaja ane jIvana vadhAre anekatA ane gUMthaNInuM bhareluM hAya che ane tethI mAchalA karatAM manuSya UMcA ane jaMgalI manuSya karatAM sudharelA manuSya UMcA che, ema te taraphathI uparanA praznanA javAkhamAM kahevAmAM Ave che. paNa A utkRSTa-nikRSTa (hige and low )paNAnuM dhAraNa kyAMthI AvyuM, e zI rIte phalita thayuM e te bilakula atAvI zakatA nathI. vastutaH A * anekatA'mAM, A ' gUMthaNI 'mAM, svataH kAMI paNa utkRSTatA samAelI nathI, paNa enI sAthe utkRSTatAnuM tattva anya sthAnamAMthI utarI AvI joDAelu che. ane tethI ja e utkRSTatAnuM cihana lekhAya che prakRtimAM je utkRSTa-nikRSTanA bheda che. enA khulAsA prakRtithI krama thaI zake? prakRtinI pAranA ja ( Super-natural ) kAIka tattvamAMthI e prakRtimAM AvelA hAvA joie-arthAt A utkRSTatA te prakRti thakI sidda nathI, paNa prakRtinI pAranA tattvamAMthI utarI AvI prakRtimAM siddha che--prakRtithI para evA brahmarUpI cetananI prakRtimAM paDatI chAyA che. je jeTaluM e brahmane jANI brahmabhAvane pAmeluM, brahmabhAvane anukUla thaeluM te teTalu utkRSTa; je enAthI 333 63

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adhikAra ane abheda vidura rahI abrahmabhAvane pAmeluM, brahmabhAvane pratikUla thaeluM te teTaluM nikRSTa. A rIte, vedAntamAM sArA-khaTAnuM, utkRSTa-nikRSTanuM dhoraNa racAeluM che--jenA mUlamAM, brahma eka chatAM prakRtinI anekatA pratyakSa thAya che, "avibhaktaM ca bhUteSu vibhaktamiva ca sthitam " bha0 gI0 e tattvajJAnane siddhAnta rahe che. . (2) sAyansa-vAdathI taddana ulaTa krizcayana dharmagranthakArena siddhAnta che. teo manuSyane prakRtinI jude pADI, prakRtinA bhedathI atyanta vimukta bhAnI, "sarva manuSya samAna che" ema batAve che. A siddhAntamAM je udAratA najare paDe che ene lIdhe e cittAkarSaka thAya e svAbhAvika che. . paNa vicAradaSTie jotAM e hAme prazna thAya che ke tyAre sarva manuSya samAna kema nathI dekhAtAM? AnA uttaramAM teo taraphathI javAba maLaze ke jema tamArA brahmavAdamAM brahma sarvatra samAna rIte hovA chatAM sarvanI samAnatA najare paDatI nathI, tema amArA siddhAntamAM sarva manuSya samAna che chatAM e samAna nathI dekhAtAM. paNa A uttaranI samIkSA karatAM jaNAze ke emAM ApaNe mAyAvAda ane ApaNe advaitavAda baMne gabhata rahelA che. manuSya mAtra vastutaH samAna che, chatAM prakRtinI bhUmikA upara samAna dekhAtA nathI eTale zuM? mAyAvAda. vastusthiti che eka prakAranI, ane dekhAya che bIjA prakAranI enuM nAma ja "mAyA." bIjuM-manuSya mAtra samAna che e siddhAntane vadhAre sayuktika (logical) karI jotAM jaNAze ke emAMthI kharuM jotAM advaitavAda ja nIkaLI Ave che. te A rIte - prakRtinI bhUmikA upara samAnatA nathI e te ughADuM ja che, tema enI pAra paNuM samAnatA saMbhavatI nathI, kAraNa ke samAnatAmAM anekatA rahelI che ane anekatA prakRtine laIne ja saMbhave che, manuSya mAtra te te vyaktirUpe samAna nathI, kintu ekaekathI bhinna ekaekathI caDhatAM utaratAM che mAtra sarvamAM anusvata je cetanya te rUpe sarva eka che. arthAta, vyaktinI samAnatAne siddhAta to ApaNA sAdA avalokana (observation)thI tema ja "sAyansa'nI zedhothI asiddha che; samAnatAne kaI paNa sthaLe AvakAza dekhAtA hoya to te vyaktiomAM nathI paNa vyaktionI pelI pAra che. paNa vyaktionI pelI pAra gayA tyAM eka be traNa ema gaNavAnI

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adhikAra ane abheda ~ ~~ saMkhyA ja kayAM rahI ke samAnatA banI zake? jyAM vyaktio ja nathI, tyAM samAnatA konI konI sAthe? mATe khare siddhAnta sarvanI samAnatA (Equality) ne nathI, paNa sarvanI ekatA (Unity) ne che. anekatA je prakRtinI bhUmikA upara najare Ave che tenI pAra ekatAnuM tattva (Principle of Unity ) raheluM che, je prakRtinI anekatAnuM niyAmaka, ane e anekatAmAM pitAnuM svarUpa prakaTAvanAruM che. vaLI, A advaitanA siddhAntane tattvajJAna uparAMta bIjAM zAstrothI paNa puSTi maLe che. janatAnAM zA (Sociology ane Politics) nA abhyAsakene suvidita che ke janatA (Society) e janarUpI paramANuone samudAya (aggregate of individuals) nathI, paNa janatA e ja prathamasiddha padArtha che, ane ja-vyaktio (Individuals)e janatAnA avayavo (fractions, manifestations) che. ApaNuM vedAntanI paribhASAmAM bolIe te, samaSTi e vyaSTione samudAya nathI, paNa vyaSTie e samaSTinAM aMga che. uparanA vivecane traNa vAta batAvI ApI(1) eka te e ke kevaLa prakRti (Nature)mAMthI eka sArA beTAnuM gheraNa hAtha lAgatuM nathI. vizvamAM kaI paNa be sArA khoTAnuM vyakti sarvathA samAna nathI; je thoDuM ghaNuM sAmya dekhAya dhAraNa- che te prakRtinI pAra rahelA abhedane dhvani che, prakRtinA abheda tatvaH bhedanI vacce cakacakita prakAzatA ane prakRtinI pAranA (1) prakRtithI para evA abheda tattavanuM teja che. (2) bIjI vAta e siddha thaI ke A para tatva mAtra pelI pAra paDI rahenAruM na hovuM joIe. A para tava prakRtinI (2) prakRtinI anekatAne ekarUpe darzAvanArUM-ekarasa karanArUM-hevuM joIe; nahi te prakRtinI anekatA-viSamatA eka pAsa rahI jAya, ane bIjI pAsa e sAthe asaMbaddha evI ekatA paDI rahe. athata, e ekatAnA tatvane kevaLa aLaguM mAnavuM e je athe ekatAne svIkAra che e artha siddha karavAne badale e arthanuM ja vidhAtaka nIvaDe che. * paNa te kakaDAnA arthamAM nahi, ane tethI ja "aMzAzibhAvanA siddhAntane tyAga, ane mAyAnA siddhAntane svIkAra. antara,

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adhikAra ane abheda. ( 3 ) A sAthe trIjI vAta e samajavAmAM AvI ke (3) zivatmaka vyakti vyaktinI samAnatAne siddhAnta bhUla bharelo che. eka akhaMDa vyakti vyaktinI, prakRtinI bhUmikA upara, asamAnatA caitanya 35. spaSTa che; ane citanya rUpe te sarva eka ja che, tyAM samAnatA kenI sAthe ? vyaktio mULamAM ja aneka hoya arthAta emane bheda mUlasparzI (radical) anya (ultimate) ane tAvika (essential) hoya te e sarvane eka bhUmikA upara saMbadha ja na thaI zake. eka bhUmikA upara saMbandha thavo eno artha ja e che ke e sarvamAM parovAeluM eka abhedamaya tatva che. (2). A abhedamaya tatva pratyeka vyakti potapotAnI rIte thoDuM ghaNuM anubhave jAya che, paNa e anubhava mATe sarvasAmAnya evo keTaloka adhikAra ApaNuM vedAnta zAstrakAree darzAvyo che, jenI prApti, abhedAnubhava pUrNa rIte pAmavA mATe ati Avazyaka che. A "adhikAra"ne koIpaNa prakAranA karmakAMDa upara vA pithAM uthAmavA upara vA dezakAla upara AdhAra nathI. emAM joIe che eTaluM ja ke brahmanI sarvAtmakatA samajavAnI samagra AtmAnI yogyatA thaelI hovI joIe "samagra AtmAnI" ema kahevAmAM tAtparya e che ke jema samaSTicaitanya vyaSTicetanyane samUha nathI, paNa eka akhaMDarUpa. che, jenAM vyaSTicaitanyo mAtra aMge-pratibibo che, temaja e AtmA paNa buddhayAdika aneka zaktiona-lAkaDIonA bhArA je-samudAya nathI, paNa eka akhaMDarUpa che, ane te te zaktie enAM svarUpa mAtra che. Ama hAvAthI brahmanI sarvAtmakatA mAtra buddhithI vA hRdayathI vA ekAda indriya mAtrathI grahavAnI nathI, grahI zakAtI ja nathI, paNa samagra-akhaMDa-AtmA ja ene yAcita grahI zake che. mATe brahma kaI paNa prakAranA mAtra budivilAsothI, ke hRdayanA anya uchALAothI ja, ke AMkha mIMcIne kartavya karyo karavAthI ja, ke dhArmika-vRttithI eka devatAne sevavAthI ja, prApta thatuM nathI. enI prApti mATe te akhaMDa AtmAe adhikAra prApta karavo joIe; emAM kaIke vilakSaNa ja camatkAravALuM jIvana AvavuM joIe, jenuM pRthakaraNa karI sAdhakanA saupharyArthI nIce pramANe cArata AcAryoe batAvyAM che thI vilaNI nI

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kaLA e sAthe naIe karacAramAM pratyakSa adhikAra ane abheda, (1) nityanitya vastuviveka (Intellectual) (2) vairAgya (Emotional ) (3) zamadamAdi sAdhanasaMpatti (Moral) (4) mumukSutva (Religious ) eka to nitya ane anitya vacce "viveka" karatAM zIkhavuM joIe. e sAthe e vivekane ghaTate evo "vairAgya" joDA joIe; kAraNa, je amuka vAta buddhie grahI, ane tadanusAra hadaya anuva nahi, teo buddhigraha vRthA che. vaLI e sAthe "zamadabhAdi"thI, pUrvokta viveka ane virAgyane anusaratuM AcaraNa paNa thavuM joIe; kAraNa je buddhie nakakI karyuM ane jene anusaratuM hRdaya paNa thayuM, paNa je AcAramAM pratyakSa thayuM nahi e zA kAmanuM? je Antara sthiti bahAra ubharAI nahi e te kSaNika manorAjyanI kalpanA samAna! vaLI A sarva sAthe "mumukSuva"nI paNa AvazyakatA che; kAraNa, jyAM sudhI e sarva A saMsArane tyajI paramAtmAmAM virAma pAmavA-" mukta " thavA-mATe nathI tyAM sudhI e sarva nirarthaka che, avaLe bhAge che. jemake, yunivarsiTinI Metaphysics nI parIkSAmAM nityAnitya vastune viveka karanArAo ghaNuM hoya che; tema ja saMsAranAM duHkha na sahana thatAM e tarapha kaMTALA-vairAgya-khAnArA paNa bAyelA puruSo ghaNuM hoya che; tema ja "ame Indriyone vaza rAkhIe chIe" evA abhimAnathI, vA, ema vaza rAkhavAmAM eka prakArane je svataH Ananda Ave che e Ananda athe, vA zAse ema kaheluM che ema samajI vA ema karavAmAM ja AtmAnuM kalyANa raheluM che ema dhArI, ghaNA samadamAdika kare che-paNa jyAM sudhI vivekAdika sarvanuM nidAna ane sarvanI sAthe bhaLI sarvane vilakSaNa banAvatuM "mumukSutva" nathI tyAM sudhI badhuM nakAmuM che. vasanta, vi. saM. 1958 yeSTa.

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aSTAdazazlokI gItA aSTAdazazlokI gItA rA. rA. mathurabhAI durlabhadAsa nAme eka gRhastha amane lakhI jajaNAve che ke - "zrImadbhagavatItAgata paramaramaNIya jJAna e jJAnanI parAkASTArUpa che ema aneka taraphathI siddha karavAmAM AvyuM che. AryadharmagranthAmAM gItA jeTalI mahattA bIjA keI grantha prApta karI nathI, aneka bhASAmAM tenAM bhASAntara thayAM che. eka eka bhASAmAM paNa tenA aneka bhASAntara thayAM che. ApanI gujarAtI bhASAmAM tenAM je je bhASAntare thayelAM che temAM mahUma brahmaniSTha ane sudarzananA AghadraSTA zrI maNilAla nabhubhAI dvivedIne jemane huM ane mArA jevA aneka yuvake gururUpa mAne che temane hAthe thaeluM bhASAtara sarvottama ane matAntarenA durAgrahathI mukta gaNAya che. bhaviSyadharmapravRtti sughaTita thavA sAru e mahAtmAe nirantara ane prANapaNathI mahAprayAsa karyo che. prANunta paryanta temanuM jIvanavRtta ja dharmapravRttimAM yogya vivarta karavAnuM hatuM. bhagavAna zaMkarAcAryanA siddhAnta vartamAna prajAne temaNe ja samajAvyA ema kahevAne mane te leza paNa vadhe lAgato nathI. e dharmadhuraMdhara brahmaniSTha sAkSare dhAryuM hota to teo eka navo paMtha sthApI zakata, ane AcAryamAM gaNata. paNa paMtha ane saMpradAyathI vAstavika lAbha nathI ane ethI kaMI dharmajIvana ucca thaI zakatuM nathI e temane daDha nizcaya hato. jUnA saMpradAyAdi uddabhavavAmAM te te saMpradAyonA ubhavakAle kAMI kAraNo hatAM. te te kAraNenI anivArya sattAthI uddabhavI AvyA, paNa hAlamAM tevuM kaMI thavAnI jarUra nathI; dezakAlamAM Aja ghaNe antara thaI gaye che; mATe abheda ane aikya pravartAvI jJAnavRddhi karavAmAM ja parama zreya che e temanA aMtaHkaraNane abhilASa hata-jenA pariNAme gata kAlamAM thaelA temanA prayatnane vartamAna paripAka sarva sujJone suvidita che. mane keTalAka jIrNa kAgaLAmAMthI aSTAdazazlokI gItA jaDI AvI. e prasiddha che ke nahi te kAMI huM jANune nathI. emAM kAMI navIna nathI. gItAnA pratyeka adhyAyane ekeka loka laI arADha adhyAyanA arADha lokanI A gItA banelI che. AvI jatA teNe karelI che te jaNatuM nathI. ane te jANavAno Agraha rAkhavA sarakhuM kaMI kAraNuM paNa nathI. arATya zlokanI samApti thatAM eka vadhArAne ka evI matalaba che ke je A gItAne

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t aSTAdazazleAkI gItA 69 pATha bhaktibhAvathI karaze tene zrImadbhagavadItAnA aSTAdaro adhyAya pATha karyAMnuM phUla ane jJAna banne prApta thaze. A zlokanuM grathana sakAraNa thaelu hAvuM joie. ema vicAramAM jaNAI AvyuM ke svAdhyAya karanArAne A zrAkAnuM tAraNa ati upayukta cheH eTalA ja zlokAnuM smaraNa karavAthI zrIkRSNubhagavAne ta gItAnA adhA saMdarbha daSTigAcara thaI zake ema che; gItAjInA pratyeka adhyAyamAM anukrame arjunaviSAdayAga, sAMkhyayeAga, karmayAga, karmabrahmArpaNuyAga, karmasaMnyAsayeAga, AtmasaMyamayAga, jJAnavijJAnayeAga, akSarabrahmayAga, rAjavidyArAjaguhyayAga, vibhUtiyeAga, vizvarUpadarzana yAga, bhaktiyeAga, prakRtipuruSanirdezayAga, guNatrayavibhAgayeAga, puruSAttamayeAga, daivAsurasaMpadvibhAgacAMga, zraddhAtrayavibhAgayeAga, ane saMnyAsayeAganuM spaSTIkaraNa thaeluM che ane A arADha kSeAkA paNa tenuM ja bhAna karI Ape tema che. eTale e AkA kAI dharmapravarttaka mAsikamAM ApavA dhAraNA thaI. je mahAzaya viryane huM paramapUjya guru mAnatA AvyA chuM ane jemanI saMgatinA pariNAmarUpa AvA viSayeAmAM mArI ruci ane vRtti sthira thavA AvI che, jemane Azaya gItAjJAna dunIAnA eka cheDAthI bIjA cheDA sudhInA pratyeka jananA hRdayamAM utare evA hatA, temane hAthe ucharelA "sudarzana"mAM ja A zlokA mAkalI ApavA nizcaya thayA. ane pariNAme A aSTAdazazleAkI gItA utArI mAkalI. e zleAkAnuM bhASAntara mahAtmA maNibhAinI gItAmAM ja jovuM hoya ke jovuM paDe temaNe joI levuM. temanA bhASAntara karatAM sArUM bhASAntara karavA huM azakata chuM ane utArA karI levA e nirarthaka jagA rAkavA jevuM che. * " mathurabhAI durlabhadAsa Thakkara. " * * * A aSTAddeza kSeAkane pUrvIpara sAMkaLI samasta zrImadbhagavadgItAnA TuMkAmAM tAtparyArtha darzAvavA atre yatna karIzuM: zrI gaNezAyanamaH atha aSTAdazazlokI gItA ArbhamAM ja prazna thAya che ke zrImadbhagavaddItAnA upadezanA adhikArI kANu ? svakartavya samajyA vagara paNu, vijayarAya-sukha-sarvamakAranA bhAga----are! jIvita paNa--pArakAnA sukhArthe tyajavA tatpara thaye

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90 aSTAdazazlokI gItA che te ja bhagavatItAnA mahAna upadezane adhikArI che. prathamAdhyAyane nIcene eka rahasyarUpa che - na kAMkSe vijayaM kRSNa na ca rAjyaM sukhAni ca / ki no rAjyena goviMda kiM bhogai vitena vA // 1 a032 zloka (arjunaviSAda) ["mAre jayanI IcchA nathI. rAjyanI ke sukhanI paNa nathI, he. govinda, rAjya ke bhega ke jIvitanuM ApaNe zuM kAma che?"] AtmA nitya che e siddhAnta upara nIti ane dharmane AdhAra che: AtmA e jaDane AvirbhAva mAtra heya te kartavya saMbadhI saghaLa darakAra mAtra kSaNika projanavALI, nisAra thaI jAya. mATe zrI kRSNa nIcenA zabdomAM pitAnA parama gaMbhIra upadezane pAyo nAMkhe che - na jAyate mriyate vA kadAcinnAyaM bhUtvA bhavatiA vA na bhUyaH / ajo nityaH zAzvato'yaM purANo na hanyate hanyamAne zarIre // 2 0 20 koi (sAMkhya ) ["kadI paNa, janma pAmato nathI ke marato nathI,-e thaIne pharI thavAno nathI; aja che, nitya che, zAzvata che, purANa che, zarIra haNAye paNa haNatA nathI."] tyAre vikAra, maraNAdi, dekhAya che te zuM? ene uttara ke e sarva "guNa" nAma prakRtine vilAsa che. AtmA e thakI para che, asaMga che. tatvavittu mahAbAho gunnkrmvibhaagyoH| guNA guNeSu vartate iti matvA na sajjate // 3 a0 28 zloka [[ paNa guNa karma vibhAganuM tatva jANanAra, guNa ja guNamAM pravarte che, ema mAnI Asakta thato nathI."] tyAre te ApaNe 1) stabdha, nizreSTa thaI paDI rahevuM! vA, (2) yiAmAtrane prakRtine vilAsa samajI pApAcaraNa karatAM paNa na aTakavuM !

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aSTAdazaAAkI gItA 71 uttara:-baMnemAMthI eka paNa nahi. kAraNa: (1) AtmA prakRtithI para' che, paNa prakRtithI bhinna nathI-arthAt prakRtimAM rahI prakRtithI para che. A ja sAMkhya ane vedAnta zAstra vaccenA mhoTA bheda che. ane kartavyaparatve e bheda bahu mahattvanA che; (2) prakRtine AtmAmAM laya pamADavAnI che, AtmAne prakRtimAM DUbAvavAnA nathIH eTale, AtmAnuM divyasvarUpa prakRtimAM prakaTAvavAnuM che, prakRtinA doSathI AtmAne malina karavAnA nathI. Ama heAvAthI brahmajJAnInuM vartana kevuM hoya che e batAve cheH-- ' brahmArpaNaM brahmahavirbrahmAgnau brahmaNA hutam / brahmeva tena gaMtavyam brahmakarmasamAdhinA // 4 a0 24 zlo0 ( karmazradghApaNu. ) [ "arpaNu brahma, hevi brahma, agni brahma, hAmyuM brahma, ne te javAnuM brahmamAM ja, brahnAkamasamAdhithI karIne."] 5 tyAre dUra vasatA brahmanI bhAvanApuraHsara yajJAdika karavAmAM Ave te khasa? uttaraH--nA. mA dUra ja nathI, paNa krUra ane pAse baMne cheH sarva dasya padArthothI para che eTaluMja nahi, paNa sarva dRzya padArthImAM paNa cheH eTale brahmabhAvanA e eka dUra vasatA mhoTA cetananI ja bhAvanA nathI, paNa ApaNI AgaLa je je dasya padArtho che te sarvemAM parama cetananI bhAvanA karavI enuM nAma brahmabhAvanA che. Ama haiAvAthI Izvarane svargavAsI eka vyaktirUpe mAnanAra manuSye! dunIAnA vyavahAramAM khATAM AcarA kare, paNa jene vyavahAramAM paNa brahma najare paDe che tenuM vartana te alaukika uccatAvALuM ja thavAnuM. mATe kahe che keH vidyAvinayasaMpanne brAhmaNe gavi hastini / zuni caiva zvapAke ca paNDitAH samadarzinaH // 5 a0 18 zlo0 ( karmarsanyAsa. ) [ "vidyAvinayasaMpanna brAhmaNa ke gAya ke hasti ke zvAna ke zvapaca e sa prati paDitA samadarzI hAya che.' ] paNa A samaSTi" zI rIte prApta thAya? gALa khALa' badhuM samAna lekhavAthI ? ema hoya teA veAtanI nIti bhAgye ja saMtASakAraka Thare, paNa

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72 aSTAdazazlekI gItA ema nathI. bhedane TApalA nIce DhAMkI devAnuM nathI, paNa egALI nAMkhavAno che. bhedane mAtra visArI javAne nathI, paNa bhedane samatAmAM-abhedamAM-laya karavAno che, athata bhedamAM abhedAnubhava karatAM zIkhavAnuM che. mATe bhedamAM abhedAnubhava zI rIte karAya enI eka yukti batAve che - rApavudA pratidattA AtmasaMstha manaH kRtvA na kiMcidapi cintayet // 6 a0 25 pralo. . (AtmasaMyama ) ["vRtigRhIta buddhithI dhIme dhIme uparamavuM manane AtmasaMstha karI kicita paNa ciMtavana karavuM nahi."] upara kahyuM ke "kazAnuM paNa citavana karavuM nahi." e upara prazna thaze ke tyAre te jaDatA prApta karavI e ja vedAntane parama upadeza jaNAya che. praznane uttara ke ema nathI. "kazAnuM paNa citavana karavuM nahi." ema kahe vAnuM tAtparya evuM che ke brahmAtirikta kaI paNa padArthanuM citavana karavuM nahi, arthAta vastutaH sarva padArtha brahmarUpa jevA, vRttimAtrane brahmaviSayA karavI, brahmarasathI bharavI, brahmarUpA karavIH arthAta, AraMbhamAM caMcala vRttione niyamamAM lAvavA mATe ene nirAdha kare. (je, uparanA kamAM batAvyA pramANe manane AtmAbhimukha, "AtmasaMstha" karavAthI thAya che.) paNa pachI e vRttione brahmaviSayA karI, pariNAme brahmarUpA karavI; paNa atre zaMkA thaze ke brahmane vRttiviSaya zI rIte karI zakAya? uttarana ja karI zakAya, kAraNa vRttio paNa enI ja banelI che. paNa caitanyamAM evI vilakSaNatA pratIta thAya che ke e pite viSaya ane viSayI ubhaya thaI zake che! Ama hovAthI vRttio brahmarUpa hovA chatAM brahmane viSaya kare che. jemAM samudrane eka taraMga bIjA taraMga sAthe athaDAya, ane emAM maLe, kAMIka evI rIte. mATe je brahmane ciMtavanane viSaya karavAnuM, tenuM ciMtavanAgya svarU5 batAve che. * "kAMIka'- kAraNa ke citanya-brahmanuM svarUpa darzAvanAruM yathArtha daSTAnta te jaDa vastuomAM maLavuM ja azakya che.

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aSTAdazazlokI gItA bhUmirApo'nalo vAyuH kha mano buddhireva c|| ahaMkAra itIyaM me bhinnA prakRtiraSTadhA // 7 a0 4 pralo0 (jJAnavijJAna) ["bhUmi Apa, anala, vAyu, kha, mana ane buddhi paNa, tathA ahaMkAra e ATalI bhArI bhinna prakRti aSTadhA che."] paraMtu A aSTavidha prakRtimAM brahmadarzana zI rIte karavuM ? Ane upAya batAve che ke kAra hakAra ane kAra tathA ardhamAtrA, ane bindu maLI te pravaNa maMtra, (utpatti sthiti ane laya karanAra je saguNa brahA, nirguNa brahAmAM kAraNutAnI saMbhAvanA karAvanAra, pote ardha-khaMDita-chatAM mAtrAnAma mApa pariccheda utpanna karanAra je mAyA; ane e thakI para bindumAtrathI lakSAtuM je parabraha; e sarve padArthane sUcaka manna), tene uccAra karo, ane te pipaTa mAphaka vinA artha samaje nahi, paNa arthanI bhAvanApurasara-arthAta sadA mannAccAra sAthe mAruM paNa smaraNa rAkhIne deha tyajatI vakhate je Ama karate karate jAya che, te paramagatirUpa je hu tene pahoMce che. A vAta nIcenA kathI kahe che - OMmityekAkSaraM brahma vyAharanmAmanusmaran / yaH prayAti tyajandeham sa yAti paramAM gatim // 8 a0 13 zloka (akSarabraha) [ "ne 74 evA ekAkSara brahmAne japate tathA mAruM smaraNa rAkhata, je deha tyajI jAya che te parama gatine pAme che."] paraMtu je puruSa aharniza A pramANe paramAtmAnuM nAma kIrtana tathA smaraNa karyA kare che tenA saMsAravyavahAranuM zuM? A prazna vyavahArIne ja, saMsArakITane ja, thavAno saMbhava che. jene eka vakhata paramAtmAnI jhAMkhI thaI che tene sAMsArika bAbatanI phikara rahevAne saMbhava ja nathI. gopIone emanAM gRhakRtyonI phikara rahetI? emanAM gRhakRtyo enI meLe thaye jatAM. kAraNuM enI phikara premasAgara zrIkRSNane hatI, enA bhaktanA yogakSema" nuM vahana e pote ja kare che, je bhakta ananyabhAve cintana karato rahe, enI paryapAsanA nAma sarva prakAre upAsanA kare, ane nitya niraMtara

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ka aSTAdazazlokI gItA premathI uchaLI enAmAM joDAI rahe, enI sAthe ekatA anubhave che-ema nIcene ka kahe che. ananyAcintayanto mAM ye janAH pryupaaste| teSAM nityAbhiyuktAnAm yogakSemaM vahAmyaham // 9 a0 22 zlo (rAjavidyArAjaguhya ) - ["je ananya heI mAruM ja ciMtana karatA mane ja sarva prakAre bhaje che, tevA nitya abhiyuktane huM cogakSema ApuM chuM."] paNu paramAtmAne pUrvokta rIte aSTavidha prakRtimAM AvirbhAva pAmela ciMtanaviSaya karo, upAsa, bhaje, ema hoya te (1) paramAtmA prakRtibhAva pAme ema Thare, tathA (2) ene pariccheda prApta thAya. A zaMkAnA samAdhAnamAM kahe che ke- 1) paramAtmA pratibhAva pAme che ema samajavAnuM nathI. prakRti paramAtmarUpa che, ane paramAtmAnuM emAM jJAnIne darzana thAya che, arthAta prakRti prakRtirUpe nahi paNa paramAtmarUpe ene dekhAya che. (2) jema barapha jaLathI bhinna nathI, jema taraMga samudrathI bhinna nathI, jema ghaTAkAza mahAkAzathI bhinna nathI-kAMIka evI rIte, prakRti paramAtmAthI bhinna nathI. bhinna nathI te pachI pariccheda zI rIte karI zake? Ano uttara ke prakRti paramAtmAthI bhinna nathI kharI, paNa paramAtmA te prakRti mAtra che ema samajavAnuM nathI. prakRti te enA eka dezamAM enuM rUpa che. enuM bAkInuM svarUpa te prakRtithI para, mAtra "tti ri' kahIne ja batAvI zakAya evuM che. paNa enuM saMpUrNa svarUpa prakRtinI pelI tarapha ja nathI. kAMIka prakRtimAM che, amApa enI para che. A ubhaya prakAranI vastusthiti nIce batAve che - athavA bahunaitena kiM jJAtena tavArjuna / viSTabhyAhamidaM kRtsnamekAMzena sthito nagat // . 10 a0 42 pralo. (vibhUti) ["athavA evuM bahu jANavAthI zo lAbha che? he arjuna! huM eka ja aMzathI A AkhA jagatane dhAraNa karI rahela chuM."] che. prakRtie paNa paramAtmA sAmAkAnuM svarUpa

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aSTAdazaAAkI gotA 11 paramAtmAnI ujjavaLa kIrtinuM darzana thatAM, bhinna bhinna prANIone kuvA bhinna bhinna bhAveA utpanna thAya che e batAve che. kahe che ke, keTalAkane atyanta harSa thAya che, keTalAkane enI tarapha anurAga-prema-upaje che, rAkSasA ThThIne nAse che, siddha puruSA ene namaskAra kare che--arthAt jJAnIo harSathI vikase che, bhatA premathI drave che, duSTA bhayathI nhAse che, siddhizakti-prApta karelA puruSA enA mahimAnA atizaya joI zira namAve che. gu sthAne hRSIkeza tava prakIrtyA jagatprahRSyatyanurajyate ca / rakSAMsi bhItAni dizo dravanti sarve namasyaMti ca siddhasaMghAH // 11 a0 36 zlo0 ( vizvarUpadarzana. ) harSa pAme che te siddhasaMdha nama [ " huM haSIkeza ! tamArI prakIrttithI jagat ati anurAge che, rAkSase bhaya pAmI dizAmAM nAse che, ne sarve skAra kare che, te yeAgya ja che. " ] 12 upara batAvyA pramANe je bhagavadbhakta thayA che tenI sthiti dhruvI hAya che e have kahe cheH-bhagavadbhaktane kazI apekSA heAtI nathI. Ane artha evA nathI kaiM upayogI vastune e upayAga karatA nathI. kAI paNa vastune akAraNa tyajavI ane emAM kRtakRtyatA mAnavI evI aitabuddhi ane nathIH je mAyAne brahmathI bhinna mAne che e ja ene tyAga karavAtI jarUra jIve che, advaitavAdIne te mAyAmAM paNa brahmasAkSAtkAra ja abhISTa che. zuddha jalathI e peAtAnu zarIra pavitra kare che, madhura zabdothI vANI pavitra kare che, ane uttama vicArathI mana pavitra kare che--arthAt mana vANI ane kAyAe karI e 'zuci,' bhagavadbhajanane anukUla sthitimAM, rahe che. vaLI A prakAre enI vRtti sarvathA zuddha che eTaluM ja nahi, paNa e 'dakSa' kahetAM DAhyo, samajI heAya cheH e jaDa jevA, mUrkha hAtA nathI chatAM, jJAnIne yAgya evuM - audAsInya' eTale ke rAgadveSAdi dvandva thakI viraktatA, taTasthatA e pALe che, ane A rIte saMsArInI je vyathA - duHkhe--tene te enAmAM leza paNa rahetA nathI. A uttama dazAnuM rahasyabhUta kAraNa e che ke eNe sarve 'Ara'bha'-pravRttio-sarva prakAre paramA ' s

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76 aSTAdazakI gItA bhAne samapI dIdhI che. A je bhakta te paramAtmAne bahu priya che. A arthane nIcene loka che. anapekSaH zucirdakSa udAsIno gtvythH| sarvArambhaparityAgI yo madbhaktaH sa me priyH|| 12 a0 16 pralo0 (bhakti ). ["anapekSa, zuci, dakSa, udAsIna, gatavyatha, savaraMbhaparityAgI, evo je bhAre bhakta te bhAre priya che."] prazna thaze ke sarva prakAranA AraMbha" nAma pravRttio te kayI chatAM e mANasa "udAsIna -taTastha che ema kema kahevAya ? A praznane uttara AkAzanuM daSTAna ApI kahe che -jema AkAza sUkSmatAne lIdhe sarvatra vyApI rahyuM che chatAM kazAthI lepAtuM nathI, tema AtmA sarvatra dehamAM rahyo che chatAM lepAta nathI. tAtparya ke nilapa rahevA mATe AtmAe bahAra javAnI jarUra nathI. dehamAM rahyA chatAM, vyavahAramAM rahyA chatAM, paNa samaje tene mATe e nirlapa ja che. AtmA e kAMI A dAbaDImAM hIre paDayo che, ke A kabATamAM cApaDIo paDI che ema dehamAM ke jagatamAM mUkAelo nathI. eTale jema dAbaDIne mela hIrAne vaLage ke kabATa saLagatAM copaDIo saLage ema dehanA ke vyavahAranA dharmothI AtmAne deSa lAge ema nathI. e to dehanuM, ane vyavahAranuM astitva banyuM rAkhanAra, e sarvanuM aMtayamI, e sarvanA asaMkhya bheda vacce eka rahenAra tatva che. * yathA sarvagataM sauSamyAdAkAzaM noplipyte| sarvatrAvasthito dehe tathAtmA nopalipyate // 13 a0 32 zlo0 (prakRtipuruSanirdeza athavA kSetrakSetrajJa0) T bajema savaMgata chatAM ati sUkSma hovAne lIdhe AkAza pAtuM nathI, tema sarvatra dehamAM to AtmA pAse nathI."]. uparanA zlokamAM je "AtmA' nAmanuM prakRtimAM virAjatuM ane prakati thakI para evuM tattva varNavyuM, ene jeNe sAkSAtkAra karyo che,

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aSTAdazazlokI gItA 77 athata ene jeNe AtmarUpe anubhavyuM che, ene triguNAtmaka prakRtimAM pitApaNuM rahetuM ja nathI. sattvaguNane dharma je "prakAza," rajoguNane dharma je "pravRtti ane tame guNane dharma je "meha -e sarve AvyAM teo bhale, gayAM teo bhale; ene AtmabhAva te jUdI ja vastumAM che; evI vastumAM che ke je traNe guNathI ane traNe guNanA dharmothI para che; jenI AgaLa e sarva guNe ane guNenA dharmo kAMIke mAyAnA paTavata patharAI rahyA che, prakRtisamudramAM taraMgavata ramI rahyA che. prakAzaM ca pravRttiM ca mohameva ca pANDava / na dveSTi saMpravRttAni na nivRttAni kAGkSati // 24 10 rara sToka (guNatrayavibhAga) [["prakAza ane pravRtti ane meha paNa, tenI saMpravRttine, he pAMDava! te dveSa karato nathI, ke nivRttinI icchA karatuM nathI."] 15 tyAre deha ane vyavahAranA dharma te prakRtinA TharyA, ane brAnA advetasAmrAjyane bhaMga thaya! A zaMkAnA samAdhAnamAM kahevAnuM ke e dharmo prakRtinA kharA, paNa prakRti thakI siddha nahiH amAtyanI pratiSThA e amAtyanI kharI, paNa amAtya thakI-svatasida-nahi kintu rAjA thakI- parataH siddha, AtmA prANimAtranA dehamAM rahyo che, ane tethI ja deha dehanA dharmo kare che, anna pace che ane ethI deha Take che; paNa enuM kAraNamAtra prANapAnavAyu nathI, paNa e vAyu sAthe joDAele je AtmA te che. kahevAnI jarUra nathI ke A AtmA te "huM" ja nahi, paNa mArA tamArA sarvamAM prakAza eka AtmA te che. A AtmAno pratideha jUdA jUdo AvirbhAva thAya che, paNa AtmA svayaM sarvatra eka ja che. mATe ene vaizvAnara AtmA kahyo. ahaM vaizvAnaro bhUtvA prANinAM dehmaashritH| prANApAnasamAyuktaH pacAmyannaM caturvidham // 15 a0 14 zlo0 (puruSottama) [[ bahu vaizvAnara thaIne prANInA dehamAM rahuM chuM, ane prANApAnasamAyukta thaI caturvidha annane paripAka karuM chuM."]

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aSTAdazakI gItA A rIte je prakRti ane puruSa vA puruSottamano saMbandha samajyo che, te kaI paNa kALe prakRtithI nAzI chUTavAna phekaTa yatna nahi kare, paNa prakRtimAM rahyA chatAM sva-svarUpa sAcavI rAkhavA tatpara raheze. tyAre je prakRtimAM rahevuM ja prApta thayuM che te zA niyamane anusarI rahevuM e nakakI thavuM joIe. A viSe bhagavAna kahe che ke manuSyahadayamAM "zAstra" ane "kAma" ne jhaghaDe cAlyA ja kare che, temAM je puruSa "kAma"ne svIkArI zAstra" ne tyaje che te siddhi prApta karI zakatA nathI; sukha paNa prApta karI zakato nathI, ane "parAgati" to ene zenI ja hoya ? A vAta nIcenA spekamAM kahI che. atre eka rahasya samajavAnI jarUra che. skUlabhAga puruSo mATe to "zAstra" zabdane artha dharmazAstranAM vAkyo che. paNa sUmavicArI jane mATe eno artha dharmazAstranuM chevaTanuM prabhavasthAna je paramAtmA tenI IcchA che. dharmazAstranuM chevaTanuM prabhavasthAna paramAtmAnI icchA zI rIte ? A rIte-jemAM jemAM manuSyane kartavyabuddhi thAya che te te chevaTa sudhI vicArI jotAM paramAtmAnI IcchA rUpe ja ene samajAya che. AvI kartavyabuddhi eka tarapha antaH zAstra (Subjective Conscience) rUpe pratyakSa thAya che, ane bIjI tarapha bAhyazAstra (Objective Conscience) paNa enA ja pariNAma rUpe phure che, ghaDAya che. Antara ane bAhya zAstramAM eka ja paramAtmAne anahada-anAhata-nAda" vAge che e vAta, pramAtA ane prameyamAM eka ja caitanya (paramAtmA) prakaTa thAya che e vedAnta siddhAnta samajanArane sugamya che. AntarazAstra bAhyazAstrane sudhAre che, bAhyazAstra AntarazAstrane niyamamAM rAkhe che-ubhayanI samatA e zAstranI uttama sthiti che. hRdayanI nirbalatA bharelI lAgaNIthI gherAI kSatriyane dharma lopavA besanAra arjunane kRNu upadeza che ke tAre tArA hRdayanA "kAma"ne vaza na thatAM, aneka DAhyA puruSoe prakRtinuM svarUpa khUba sUkSmatAthI tapAsI kSatriya mATe je niyame "zAstra" rUpe bAMdhyA che tenuM ja sevana karavuM joIe. bAhyazAstrane sudhAre eTale jene ucca adhikAra thayA nathI teNe potAnA AntarazAstrane paNa bAhyazAstranA tAbAmAM mUkavuM; kAraNa, enuM AntarazAstra bhUla bhareluM hovAnuM bahu saMbhava che. uttabhAdhikArIne AntarazAstra vaDe bAhyazAstra sudhAravAne haka che. AvA puruSo janasamAjanA ziSya nahi paNa guru kahevAya che, kemake jyAre janasamAja

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aSTAdazazlokI gItA zAstranI kharI bhAvanA beI bese che tyAre je puruSa bhagavadrapa thaela che tenAmAM e bhAvanA zuddha ane prabaLa rahe che. ATalA khulAsA sAthe nIcene ka samajavAne che- yaH zAstravidhimutsRjya vartate kAmakArataH / na sa siddhirmavApnoti na sukha na parAM gatim // 26 3 rarU mo (daivAsurasaMpadvibhAga) [ "je zAstravidhine tyajI kAmacArathI varte che te siddhi pAmate nathI, sukha ke gati pAmate nathI."] A rIte aneka mahAna janene vicArathI-eTale mULamAM paramAtmAthI -ghaDAelI janamaMDaLanI vyavasthAne mAna ApanAra puruSanI janamaMDaLa tarapha kevI vartaNuka hoya che e batAve che. vANuM e sarva vyavahAranuM pradhAna sAdhana che, mATe vANIne upalakSaNa-sUcaka-karI e kevI hovI joIe e kahe che. kahe che ke-enuM vAkaya kAine uThega kare evuM hotuM nathI, tathA satya, priya ane hitakArI hoya che." dareka vAkya avazya satya ane hitakArI hevuM jAIe emAM te zaMkA ja nathI, paNa vizeSamAM e paNa smaraNamAM rAkhavAnuM che ke je satya ane hita upara zotAne prema na upaje te satya ane hita niSphala nIvaDe che. mATe satya ane hitakArI paNa sAthe priya lAgavApaNuM paNa joDAvuM joIe. ghaNI vAra satya hita ane priyano virodha upasthita thAya che, paNa sarvatra traNene samanvaya karavAnI bhAvanA rAkhavI jarUranI che. evI bhAvanA rAkhatAM bahu uttama phaLa siddha thAya che. jyAM traNane virodha maTADI zakAya ema na hoya tyAM zuM karavuM? ene uttara paNa mAM "satya"-zabdane cheka chUTe rAkhI mukhya TharAvI, tathA priya" zabdane samAsanA apradhAna aMgarUpe gauNa banAvI, tathA "hita" zabdane satyathI kAMIka pAchaLa mUkI, ApI dIdhuM che. satya ane hitane virodha tho virala che, chatAM jyAM evo virodha dekhAya tyAM satyane ja prAdhAnya ApavuM; kAraNa satya e ja pariNAme hita che, chatAM satya khAtara jeTalo priyatAno bhega ApavAnI chUTa che, teTalI hitakArIpaNuM upekSavAnI chUTa nathI. yadyapi priyahovApaNuM sauthI ochA mahattvanuM gayuM che tathApi eTaluM te mukhya TharAvyuM che ke hareka vAkya spaSTa rIte priya bhale na hoya, paNa

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aSTAdazazlokI gItA uddeza kare evuM te na ja hovuM joIe. udvega karyA vinA satya ane hita bolI na ja zakAya ema nathI ja. vaLI jeNe pitAnI kartavyabhAvanAne svAdhyAyarUpe abhyAsa karyo nathI, te anya prati pUrvokta guNavALI vANuM kema rAkhI zake? rAkhe te paNa te dabha mAtra Thare. mATe svAdhyAyanA abhyAsa' nI paNa jarUra che. chevaTa "tapa" zabda dhyAnamAM rAkhavAnuM che. arthAta-e sarva eka dhArmika pharaja tarIke eTale paramAtmA arthe karavAnuM che ane e "tapa" che, kAraNa emAM "kAma"ne-svArthane-niSedha che, tyAga che. ATaluM vivaraNa nIcenA eka mATe basa che - . anudvegakaraM vAkyaM satyaM priyahitaM ca yat / svAdhyAyAbhyasanaM caiva vAGmayaM tapa ucyate // 17 a0 16 zlo (zraddhAtrayavibhAga) [ "anuddegakara, satya, priya, ane hita evuM vAkya, ane svAdhyAyAbhyasana te vADmaya tapa kahevAya che."] 18 A pramANe zrI kRSNane samagra upadeza sAMbhaLI arjuna kahe che - "he azruta! tamArA prasAda thakI mAre meha nAza pAme, smRti prApta thaI saMdeha dUra thaI jaI huM tamArI pAse ubhe chuM. tamArA vacanAnusAra karIza." atima adhyAyane ka heI, A vAkyamAM aneka gUDha tAtparyasamAelAM che. atre mukhya bhAvArtha evo che ke mekSa jJAnalabhya che, kriyAlabhya nathIarthAta emAM kAMIka navIna prApta karavAnuM nathI, paNa che tenuM ja-svasvarUpanuM ja-anusandhAna mAtra karavAnuM che. AtmAne svabhAva ja evo che ke ene te jJAna ja saMbhave, enA upara kaI paNa prakAre kriyA saMbhave ja nahi, - kriyA te prakRtinI-draSTAnI nahi paNa dazyanI-bhUmikAmAM ja rahe, ane e kriyAmAM prakaTa thatuM tattva kriyAmAM hovA chatAM kriyA thakI para hoya. kriyAmAMthI svayaM jJAna upajAvI zakAtuM ja nathI, paNa jJAnane prakAza thatAM kriyA navIna camatkArI svarUpa dhAraNa kare che. mATe vedAnta vRkSanA mUlamAM ja amRtasicana kare che, ane e sicana thaethI puSpapalavAdi enI meLe ja divya rasathI bharAI divya rUpe prakAzaze ema mAne che; DALI pAMdaDAM game teTalAM

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aSTAdazazlokI gItA 1 dhu (ene pANuM pAvuM te azakaya ja che, bahumAM bahu kare to ene pANIne bahArane lepa kare) paNa jo mUla sUkAvA dIdhuM te e vRkSane jIvatuM rAkhavAne sarva prayatna vyartha che. have amRta rUpa jJAna te "nibaiguNya nI avasthA che, "tame guNa nI avasthA nathI-eTaluM smaraNamAM raheze te e paNa samajAze ke kamarahita jaDavata paDI rahevAno yatna karavAmAM vedAntanuM tAtparya nathI, paNa karmane jJAnathI pradIpta karI jJAnarUpa banAvavAno Azaya che. A ja gItAne "kAga' ane e ja ene "karmasaMnyAsI: ubhaya eka ja. A rIte ane "saMnyAsa nI ekatA jene samajAI che te vinA bhaye paramAtmAnA vacanAnusAra kare che. e sArI rIte have samaje che ke jema A vizvatantrane vyavahAra paramAtmAne bAMdhI zakato nathI, enA "azrutaabhraSTapaNanI smRti, eTale ke braza karI zakato nathI; athata prakRti-mAyA-thakI brahmamAM DhaMtApatti thatI nathI, tema A dehane vyavahAra paNa AtmAne lepI zakato nathI, enA paramArtha svarUpane bAMdhI zakato nathI. trIjuM-jema deha prakRtine aMza che, tema AtmA paramAtmAne aMza che. paNa citanyamAM aMzAMzibhAva saMbhave? jema deha e prakRtindramAMthI ApaNuM kalpanAe kApI kADhelo che, vastutaH jema "huMane "tame chIe, ema huM (AtmA) ane paramAtmA nathI, paNa paramAtmA to ApaNe baMnemAM anusmRta tattva che. jema A dazya viSayo che tevo e eka viSaSa nathI paNa viSayamAtranI viSayatAsAdhaka parama tatva che, e vAtanuM saMpUrNa manana karavAmAM Ave te paramAtmAnI AtmA thakI bhinnatA kevI asaMgata che, enAmAM dazyatA mAnavI e parama-sarva vastune khulAso karanAra-tatva tarIke enuM je pada che tene ke vyAghAta kare, e samajAya. arthAta eka ja AtmA-paramAtmA-e ja nAnA AtmA rUpe vikase che; ane A vastusthitinuM nididhyAsana e AtmAmAM paramAtmabhAva UrAve che, AtmAmAM nigUDha rahelI paramAtmatA prakaTa kare che. A rIte Atma-anAtma-padArthanA avivekajanya je meha teno nAza, svasvarUpanI je smRti tene lAbha, e jene thayA che tene prakRtimAM dvitIyatAbuddhi thatI nathI, tathA pote karato jaNAya che te paNa vastutaH paramAtmA ja kare che, ane karavuM e prakRtine ja bhAva heI, ane prakRti e paramAtmAthI abhinna hoI, sarva paramAtmAnuM ja skaraNa che ema ene samajAya che. AnuM nAma ane anubhava 11

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aSTAdazazlokI gItA A anubhava zI rIte prApta thAya? mAtra zrI kRSNarUpI je paramaguru. ane paramAtmA tenA nirmala Avirbhava-prasAda-thakI ja. A arthane nIcene zeka che. naSTo mohaH smRtilabdhA tvatprasAdAnmayAcyuta / ' sthito'smi gatasaMdehaH kariSye vacanaM tava // 18 a0 73 zlo0 (saMnyAsa) ["he azruta! tamArA prasAdathI neha naSTa thaye, smRti prApta thaI gatasaMdeha u chuM, tamAruM vacana karIza."] yatra yogezvaraH kRSNo yatra pA dhanurdharaH / tatra zrIvijayo bhUtidhruvA nItimatirmama // [ "jyAM kRSNa yogezvara ane pArtha dhanurdhara tyAM zrI, vijaya, bhUti, dhruva nIti (sarvadA che) ema mArI mati (che)."] gItA samApta thaI, saMjaya yathArtha kahe che ke-jyAM zrIkRSNa jevA gezvara" ane arjuna jevA dhanurdharane vAsa che, tyAM ja "zrI" "vijaya bhUti ane sthira nIti vase che. A maMgaLa guNe nirveda "kArpaNya karya-anAraMbha AdinA sahacArI nathI jyAM "kAga nA niyantA zrIkRSNanuM, ane AsurI saMpatane chedavA svakartavyaparAyaNa thaelA arjuna jevA dhanurdharanuM, svarUpa che tyAM ja ene vAsa che. anta A aSTAdazazlekIgItAnI phalazruti che ke - iti saMmuhya te stotraM zrotumicchati pAMDava / sohamekena zlokena stuta eva na saMzayaH // gItA aSTAdazazlokA yaH paTheddhaktibhAvataH / aSTAdazAdhyAyapAThasya phalajJAne avApnuyAt // sudarzana, navembara-Disembara, 1900 - - -

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zrImadbhagavadviItA zrImadbhagavaddagItA bIja-zakti-kIlaka zrImadbhagavaditA-e mahAna granthanuM rahasya ApaNA pUrva kevI sArI rIte samajI zakyA hatA e, "aSTAdazazlekI" gItAmAM pasaMda thaelA thakanI saMkalanA jotAM ApaNane spaSTa thAya che. ApaNuM pUva jenI rahasyagrahaNazaktinuM bIjuM udAharaNa emaNe zrImadbhagavadgItA bIja-zakti--ane kIlakarUpe svIkArelA mAM maLe che. sarvane suvidita che ke pratyeka mantramAM ane mannagranthamAM amuka zabdo ke zloke bIja-zakita-ane kIlakarUpe gaNAya che. hAlamAM e kone uccAra karI javAmAM ja kRtakRtyatA manAya che, ane e mAtrathI ja apUrva siddhi prApta thAya che ema samajaNa cAle che. paNa gItAnuM kharU sahasya samajavuM hoya te ene "sugItA" karavAnI arthAta enA siddhAntane "AlApa" hadayamAM bharavAnI jarUra che, ane A kAryamAM sAhATya ApavA mATe ja bIja-zakti-ane kalakanI kalpanA che, bIja' eTale jemAMthI AkhA granthano udaya che te; "zakti' eTale e granthamAM batAvelA gantavya sthAne pahoMcavAnuM baLa ApanAra- pahocADI ApanAra sAdhana; ane kIlakaHkhIle, eTale e baLane sudaDha karI ApanAra majabUta padArtha vA siddhAnta. zrImadbhagavatItAnAM nIcenA vAkayo bIja zakti ane kIlaka rUpe gaNAya che - (1) bIja-soracAnavavasvaM prajJAvAca AvA (2) zakti-laghArityajya mA sara prajJA (3) kIlaka-huM pAve kSayiSyAmi mA suvaDA A pasaMdagI kevI uttama rIte thaI che e joIe - (1) bIja (1) zrImadbhagavadakitA vAMcanAranA samajavAmAM Avyu ja haze ke e granthane uddeza, amuka kRtya sArU ane amuka khoTuM e batAvavAne nathI; paNa te te kRtyonuM sArAkhoTApaNuM kevI rIte upaje che e samajAvavAne, ane e nirNaya mATe kharuM dRSTibindu zuM che e batAvavAno che.

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84. zrImadbhagavadvatA "A badhAM mArAM sagAM! emane huM kema mArUM?! mAruM te narake jAu!' evA bahArathI DahApaNa bharelA paNa vastutaH taddana khoTA ja dRSTibinduthI upajI AvelA vicAre arjunane zaMkA ane kArpaNyanA gartamAM DubAvyo che. have, jenA manamAM sArA khoTAne viveka ja udaya pAmyuM nathI, ane jenI jIvananaukAne kAmakrodha lobha meha vagere pracaMDa vAyuo game tyAM ghasaDI jAya che evA pAmara janane mATe te zAtre karelI pApa-puNya svarga-naraka AdinI vyavasthA bahu upayogI che. paNa jene e viveka eka vakhata prApta thayo che-arjunane thayo hata-tene e vyavasthAnI pAra raheluM AdhArabhUta tattva samajavAno adhikAra che, AvazyaktA che. bALaka guNAkAra bhAgAkAra gurue batAvelI amuka rIte karyA kare che, ane e rIte khare javAba meLave che, tathA bajArane nhAne hAne vyavahAra karavo hoya te te paNa kadAca barAbara kare che. paNa jyAre heTI ummare e rItanAM kAraNa samaje che tyAre ja te e rIta kharI rIte sama gaNAya che, ane tyAre ja te meTA gauravavALA vyavahAramAM paNa yogya vartana karI zake che. A pramANe prakRta viSayamAM paNa che. "mAravuM e kheTuM, sagAM saMbadhIne mAravAM e ghaNuM khATuM, ane ema karanAra narake jAya' e vAta sAdhAraNa rIte sArI ane upayogI che, paNa emAM pratIta thatI, kartavyatA zI rIte upaje che, kartavyatAne artha zo che, tathA e utpatti ane artha upara daSTi rAkhIne vicArI jatAM ApaNuM sAmAnya vicAramAM keTalo pheraphAra karavAnI jarUra che-TuMkAmAM, tattva (Principle) zuM che, ane enI niyAmaka vastusthiti (Limitations) zI che eno vicAra karIne kartavya saMbadhI nizcaya upara AvavA bhagavAnane arjunane upadeza che. tattvajJAnanuM kAma ja e che. eTaluM dhyAnamAM rAkhavAnuM che ke vyavahAra ane paramArtha athavA te lokabuddhi (Common Sense) ane tattvajJAna (Philosophy) e ekaekathI taddana viyukta nathI. vyavahAramAM eka, ane paramArthamAM bI. ema be sAthe sAthe parasparaviruddha siddhAnta mUkIe te manuSyane kartavyatAne eka nizcita mArge jaDe ja nahi-be bhArga vacce e majhAine ubhA rahe, athavA te ene baMnemAM khoTAM rUpa ja hAtha lAge, ApaNI vedAntanI paribhASAmAM bolIe te, mAyA ane brA ubhayane eka ekathI judAM rAkhatAM dvatApatti prApta thAya. paNuM vastutaH AvuM Ata vicAramAM TharI.

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zrImadbhagavaddagItA zakatuM ja nathI. vyavahAra ane paramArtha ubhaya eka ja mArga che, je prathama nIce thaI pachI UMce jAya che. zikhare caDhIne jatAM ubhaya bhArga eka rekhArUpa thaI rahe che; bheda eTalo ja che ke nIcethI je je vastuonuM darzana na thatuM hoya tenuM ucca pradeza uparathI darzana thAya che, ane sarvanuM prAptavya sthAna je zikhara-paramAtmavastu-te A UMcA mArgane Azraya levAthI ja prApta thAya che. sAthe eTaluM smaraNamAM rAkhavAnuM che ke mArge cAlavuM e cAlavA mATe nathI paNa zikhare pahoMcavA mATe che. ane rastAmAM UMce caDhAva Ave vA ADA pharavuM paDe che tethI jarA paNa saMkoca khAvAno nathI. lokabuddhimAM je kAMI satya manAtuM hoya e sarvane khoTuM TharAvavA mATe tattvajJAna nathI. tema eNe lekabuddhinA gulAma thaI rahevAnuM paNa nathI. lokabuddhinuM antargata paramatattva pakaDI e tattvanuM pUrNa svarUpa samajI laI, tadanusAra je je lokavicAre bhramAtmaka lAge che te dUra karavA, ane pitAnuM sAmrAjya sthApavuM e ja enuM kAma che. vedAnta ThIka batAve che ke "ghaTa che "paTa che ItyAdi je kahevAmAM Ave che tyAM e kathane saze bhramAtmaka nathI; ghaTa paTa AdimAM je sadaMzanuM skuraNa thAya che e brahmane prakAza che, ane e lezabhAra paNa mithyA nathI. brahmanI sarvAtmakatAnA virodhI je ghaTapaTAdi bhAvo e ja miththA che, ane e bhAvone brahmamAM laya anubhavAya tyAre ja samyaga jJAna thayuM kahevAya. e ja rIte prakRtimAM paNa laukika saddhartanane taddana uthalAvI pADavuM e tattvajJAnane Azaya nathI. e sadavartananuM sArApaNuM zemAM raheluM che e tAravI kADhavuM, ane te te vartanamAM svataH kAMI paNa sArA khoTApaNuM nathI ema batAvI jenA upara emanA sArA TApaNAne AdhAra che e tattva upara jijJAsunuM dhyAna kheMcavuM, e gheraNe ja ene vicAra karavA kahevuM, ane e rIte vicAratAM je pratikUla dekhAya tene kramekrame astitvahInamAtra mAyArUpa anubhavatAM zIkhavavuM, jethI pariNAme ekarasa brahmanI samatA ja aMtar bahir sarvatra vilasI rahe, e tattvajJAnane khare uddeza che. e ja karmaga ane e ja "jJAnayoga che. enI prAptimAM mukhya antarAya-samasta gItA racAvAmAM bIjabhUta sthiti-AtmasvarUpanuM jJAna che. AtmA e AgIAnA caLakATa jevo kSaNika padArtha nathI, tema samudra kAMThe paDelA asaMkhya zaMkhalAo peThe vizvane eka avAntara padArtha paNa nathI. kAla paNa jenA vinA asiddha

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zrImadbhagavadgItA che, ane je samasta vizvamAM vizvatA lAve che, vizvamAM anasUta thaI emAM sattA (Existence) pUre che, artha ( Meaning ) arpe che, ane te te padArthone paraspara sAMkaLI (Unity) vizvane emanuM aMgI' banAve che evo mahAna padArtha A sAmA che. jene enA svarUpanuM bhAna thayuM che tene huM hAruM, sagAMvahAlAM, svarganaraka Adi kAMI ja rahetuM nathIAtmAnI vizALatAmAM e sarva rUpAntara pAme che, AtmarUpa bane che. atre ema tAtparya nathI ke sagAMvahAlAMne mAravAmAM pApa ja nathI; tAtparya eTaluM ja che ke sagAMvahAlAMne vA keIne paNa mAravAmAM pApa ja che ema nathI. arthAta mAravuM e jJAnanuM cihna nathI, tema enuM virodhI paNa nathI. , jJAna-ajJAna bhAravA-namAravAmAM rahelAM nathI, paNa AtmasvarUpanA sAkSAkAra-asAkSAtkAramAM rahelAM che. e sAkSAtkAranA mArgamAM kavacita mArA vAnI pharaja AvI paDe che, kavacita bharavAnI paNa AvI paDe che. devatAee dadhIci RSi pAse vaja banAvavA sArU emanAM hADakAM bhAgyAM- tyAM marIne hADakAM ApavAmAM dadhIci RSinuM je jJAnIpaNuM samAeluM hatuM, te ja jJAnIpaNuM arjuna kauravone mAre emAM raheluM hatuM. ajunanuM sanmArgagAmI tarIke tema ja kSatriya tarIke e ja kartavya hatuM ke jyAre kauravo enI sahAme yuddhamAM utaryA tyAre emanI sAthe dharmayuddha karavuM, ane asa pakSanA kSaya mATe paramAtmAe je yojanA cAlatI karI hatI enI siddhimAM nimitta thavuM. A mahAna kartavya AgaLa bIjA sarva vicArone gauNa karI nAMkhavA joitA hatA, ane tema karavA mATe vizALa dRSTibindu prApta karavAnI jarUra hatI. A dRSTibindu AtmAnI vizALatA ane paratAnuM pratipAdana karI zrIkRSNa arjunane samajAvyuM che. e samajAvatA pahelAM, e beTI khoTI zaMkA saMkeca ane kRpaNatAnI vRttimAM phasAI paDayo hato, ane eka mahAna girivaranA zikharethI jevAne badale, bhoMyataLIe paDelI pitAnI jhuMpaDImAM bharAIne Ama tema najara pheravate hataH vizvanuM, ane AtmA (sarvavyApI tattva) nuM dRSTibindu choDI dehanuM ane antaHkaraNanuM daSTibindu pakaDI beThA hatA. mATe ja zrIkRSNa bhagavAna ene jazocAnavara prajJAvAra mAhaii" jene zoka kara ghaTato nathI tene tuM zeka kare che, ane chatAM TA heTA DahApaNanA zabdo bole che!" AtmAnA amRtatva ane

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zrImadbhagavaddagItA A aviSayatva upara ubhA rahI, prakRti ane prakRtinAM kAryo avakavAM joIe, ene badale tuM AtmAne eka nazvara prAkRta padArtha mAnI beTho che, ane chatAM zabdo te moTA moTA DahApaNanA bele che. mAtra zabdo ja bele che; enuM rahasya samaja nathI samajato hoya te tArA jANavAmAM hovuM ja joIe ke kartavyabhAvanA e jaDa, kRtrima niyamenI banelI nathI; paNa jIvaMta, ane eka chatAM aneka rUpa dharatI evI divya zakti che. tuM je svarga-neha-dayAnI vAta kare che e kartavyabhAvanAnA AkAra zivAya bIjuM zuM che? sagAMvahAlAMne neha sAre che, paNa vizvavyApinI kartavyabhAvanA AgaLa keTalIkavAra ene paNa gauNu kare paDe che. vastutaH e sneha paNa kartavyabhAvanAne aMge ja sAre bane che. A sarva vAtanuM ajJAna e gItAnuM bIja che. - krizcayane ghaNIvAra gItA upara AkSepa kare che ke kRSNa arjunane yuddharUpI kumArga daryo. paraMtu sArA beTAnA jagatamAM kevA kevA asaMkhya prasaMge upaje che, eka prasaMge sArU e bIje prasaMge khATuM, ane eka prasaMge khATuM e bIje prasaMge sAruM kevuM bane che--ane chatAM, sarva bahAranA pheraphAranI vacce sArA kheTAnuM antastattva kevuM kAyama rahe che-e pUrNa rIte ka95nAmAM lAvavA mATe puSkaLa kalpanAbaLanI jarUra che. Ane abhAve ja upara batAvelA AkSepa thAya che. kalpanAzakita prasaMgavazAta jAgrata thatAM, krizcayane pite ja zuM kahe che e batAvavA eka haiorDa bizapa opha kalakattAnA upadezamAthI ame nIcenA zabdo TAMkIe chIe-je vAMcatAM gItAnA siddhAntu vAcakane turata smaraNa thaze. (iTAlika akSare vAcakanuM khAsa dhyAna doravA mATe ame mUkyA che.) "To make little of warfare, to enter upon it with a light heart, to forget its physical horiors or its angry passions, to try to minimise its pains, its losses, its bereavements, that were a spirit quite unworthy of our faith. Yet it is possible perhaps to exaggerate the evil, great as it is, which is and must be inherent in warfare. War is an evil, but it is not the worst of evils; and it is not the worst, because the sufferings which it entails are not the worstills that may happen to humanity. There are causes for which man will

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zrImadbhagavadgItA (2) Pulse (2) 241 $224 refoyang Il la un 914 ? 241c7-4771CH svarUpanuM jJAna meLavavAthI. paNa e jJAna zI rIte maLe? e meLavavA mATe ApaNuM zAstrakAroe aneka mArgo chejyA che, je krame krame jJAnanI bhUmireadily endure the keenest sufferings. If it is necessary to choose the cause of honour, virtue, religion, one's country, or one's God, at the cost of physical suffering, however acute, nay even at the cost of death itself, the Christian mind will not hesitate in the choice. To make out war as the ultimate or final evil upon earth is not to adopt but rather to invert the code of Christian morals. It is to prefer the things of sense to the spiritual interests of inankind. It is to narrow life to the limits of material and physical welfare, instead of expanding it to its true spiritual dignity. Two remarks there are which it is possible, as I think, and natural to make upon the subject of war. The first is that the great, decisive, paramount, events in history have been often or generally consummated by the sword. Nor indeed, as it seems, could they have been consummated in any other way. Look over the famous battles of human history, Marathon, Tours, the defeat of the Armada, Leuthen, Plassey, Valmy, Trafalgar, Waterloo, and tell me how the results which were achieved in those great battles could apparently have been achieved by any other means. The creation of a national life, the emancipation of a people, the vindication of religious truth, the regeneration of the social order, can be accomplished in the providential order, by war, and, as it seems to human eyes, by war alone. Thus it is that a modern poet, whose own still, peaceful life lay so far away from the strife and stress of bloodshed, could yet, in his Thanks-giving Ode, use of warfare, in an appeal to the Almighty God, these striking words : "But Thy most dreaded instrument In working out a pure intent, Is man-arrayed for mutual slaughter, Yea, Carpage is thy daughter 1"

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zrImadabhagavadgItA kAe pahoMcADe che. aneka yajJa yAga tIrtha upavAsa vagere sAdhana ATalA mATe ja zedhI kADhavAmAM AvyAM che. TuMkAmAM-sarva sArI bhAvanAo, vastutaH thoDe ghaNe aMze paramAtmAnI ja bhAvanAo he paramAtmaprAptimAM sAhAsyakArI che. arjunane je adharmane trAsa che, ane narakanI bhIti che te paNa eka prakAranAM chevaTe paramapade pahoMcADanArAM sAdhana che. keTalAka kartavya khAtara kartavya kare che, keTalAka janatAnA kalyANArthe kare che, keTalAka svarga Again, it is true beyond dispute that war is the parent, not of violence only or cruelty, but of the heroisms which elevate and ennoble human life. The real danger of the modern world, its corrupting and corroding influence, is material luxury, and that which follows luxury as its shadow-sensuous sin In times of peace and plenty men live secular lives; they eat and drink and forget God. They are apt to see the body above the soul, comfort above duty and time above eternity. It is the trumpetcall of war which bursts the subtle sensuous bands. Men arise, and show themselves once more to be men. They shake off the calculating spirit of ease and profit; they are eager to do greatly, and so suffer greatly; they feel a pride in daring and enduring, nay even in laying down their lives for a noble cause. The poet, whose verse I have already quoted, has spoken of one "Who if he be called upon to face Some awful moment to which Heaven has joined, Great issues, good or bad for human kind, Is happy as a lover; and attired, With sudden brightness, like a man inspired." The world could all afford to dispense with the moral qualities of manhood, the sudden, implicit obedience to the voice of duty, the steadfastness in adversity, the courage that will not allow itself to be subdued, the indestructible faith, the calm endurance of agony, above all the loving ministries which wait, like guardian angles, among Christrian nations, upon the pain and misery of the battlefield."- The Bishop of Calcutta on war,

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90 zrImadbhagavadgItA narakAdinI samajaNathI kare che, keTalAka A janmamAM ja ene lAbha maLaze ema AzAbharyAM DahApaNathI kare che, ane keTalAka amuka devA vA Izvara prasanna thaze ema dhArIne kare che. game te rIte kartavya karA, kartavyanA mahimA ja evA che ke e antaHkaraNane pavitra karI pariNAme sarvAtmabhAva siddha karI Ape. paNa e sarvAtmabhAva prApta karavAmAM uttameAttama sAdhana paramAtmAne zaraNe javuM e ja che. anya sAdhanA kaThina che, durbala che, ane ekadezI che; A eka sAdhana ja evuM che ke je saraLa che, ane te sAthe ja vaLI aparimitakhaLavALuM, ane samagra antar ane khAdyane vyApI rahenArUM che. A eka sAdhananA aMgamAMthI ja anya sarva sAdhanA, viSNunA caraNukamalamAMthI viSNupAdeAdakI gaMgAnI peThe, svayaM (spontaneously, deductively, ) vahe che. mATe sarva dharmI'-paramAtmAnI sAthe ceAga' karAvanArAM nhAnAM mhoTAM prAkRta sAdhanA-cheDI 'mhAre zaraNe Ava' ema kRSNabhagavAna sarva dharmanuM rahasyabhUta vAkya upadeza che. mhAre zaraNe Ava' e traNa zabdomAM AkhA jagatane rUpAntara pamADI devAnI kevI vilakSaNa zakti che, edhabhAnunA A eka kiraNathI samasta avidyArUpa andhakAra kevA nathI thaI jAya che, 'anahada nAda'nA e eka svarathI manuSya kevA meAnidrAmAMthI jAgI uThe che, e vAtanuM yathArthe bhAna vAcakane kAI paNa tarehanA tarkathI karAvI zakAya evuM nathI. huM ene zaraNe chuM" ema jeNe ekavAra paNa hRdayanI UMDI guhAmAMthI kahyuM che ene ja A zaktinA mahimA pUrepUrA samajAze, tathApi tarka paNa A siddhAntane keTale anukUla che e tapAsIe. manuSyane sanmArge pravartAvanArI sAthI samala zakti kayI ? keTalAka tatvajJA ema batAve che ke A jagatanI vyavasthA ja evI che ke emAM sadavartananA badalAmAM sukha che jaH kadAca hAla te hAla sukha na maLe te janmAntaramAM vA svargamAM te e avazya maLavAnuM ja. sahartana sAthe hamezAM kaSTa ane duHkha ja joDAyAM hoya e vicAra manuSyahRdaya sahana karI zakatuM ja nathI, ane tethI ene banne sukharUpe kAka kALe paNa maLavA ja joie evI zraddhAnA avalakha kare che. A zrA sakAraNa, seApapattika che--paNa atre eTaluM te spaSTa pravRtti thAya tene saddavartana teA na ja kahevAyaH svArtha ane dharma sadavartana-nI ja che ke sukha meLavavAnA uddezathI je ekanA kaeNma svIkArAya ? Ama aDacaNa AvI paDavAthI keTalAka ema mArga

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zrImaddabhagavadagItA kADhavA yatna kare che ke sadavartanamAM ja sukha raheluM che, ane tethI e bene virodha ja saMbhava nathIH anya sarva sukhe gauNa che vA mithyA che; sakartana e ja parama satya sukha che. paraMtu AmAM paNa je sukha meLavavAnA udezathI ja pravRtti thatI hoya te e pravRtti svAthI ja gaNAya. ane uparanA siddhAnta pramANe A siddhAnta paNa agrAhya Thare. tyAre sukha AnuSaMgika bhale rahe, paNa kartavya te kartavya khAtara ja karavuM joIe--kenTanuM Ama kahevuM hatuM, ane e kahevuM ThIka che. paraMtu A siddhAntamAM kaTheratA, karkazatA haiI manuSyane AkarSe evuM emAM kAMI ja AvatuM nathI, kaIka evI zakti zodhI kADhavI joIe ke jenA avalaMbamAM manuSyane Ananda Ave, manuSya svayaM AkarSAya, ane chatAM emAM svAthanusaraNa ke pAratanyane deSa na naDe. A zakti bhagavatparAyaNatAmAM rahelI che. jenA hRdayamAM keIka kSaNe paNa ene bhAva thayo che, jenI jIvananaukA kSaNavAra paNa enA vaheNamAM paDI sanmArge cAlI che, jene vicAra ekavAra paNue amRtamaya jyotinI jhAMkhI karI Avyo che-te enuM divya AkarSaka mAdhurya kadI paNa vIsarato nathI, ane enAmAM ja ene pitAne AtmabhAva anubhavAya che. je bhagavAnane "sarvabhAve zaraNe gayo che-jeNe e sarvAtmabhUta mahAna padArthamAM ja pitAnuM Atmatva joyuM che, ane loke jene "AtmA kahe che e kSudra padArtha ene samarpI dIdhuM che-tene svArthanusaraNano prasaMga ja kayAM rahyo? vaLI, je "ra nA taraMga upara Dela taraMgarUpa thaI rahyo che tenI AgaLa kaTheratA, karkazA paNa kevI ? Ama vicAradaSTie jotAM paNa bhagavatparAyaNatAne mArga ja uttama kare che. mATe ja eka aMgreja kavi kahe che ke - " Away, baunt not thou me, Thou vain Philosophy! Little hast thou bestead, Save to perplex the head And leave the Spirit dead. Unto thy broken cisterns wherefore go, While from the secret treasure depths below, Fed by the skyiey shower, And clouds that sink and rest on bill-tops high, Wisdom at once, and Power

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2. zrImadabhagavadgItA. Are welling, bubbling forth, unseen, incessantly ? " ja ' ' Why labour at the dull mechanic oar, When the fresh breeze is blowing, And the strong current flowing, Right onword to the eternal shore ?" ane tethI ja zrImadbhAgavata paNa kahe che - ye'nye'ravindAkSa vimuktmaaninstvyystbhaavaadvishuddhbuddhyH| Aruhya kRcchreNa paraM padaM tataH ptntydho'naadRtyussmdNghryH|| * ane tethI ja zrIkRSNabhagavAna atre upadeza che ke - "sarvadharmAn parityaja mAmekaM zaraNaM vraja" (3) kIlaka (3) Ama bhagavataparAyaNatAmAM apUrva zakti rahI che kharI. paNa kharA dhArmika AtmAne zaMkA thAya che ke-huM, pApI heI, paramapada kema prApta karI zakuM? mahArA pApI AtmAne e divya dhAmamAM sthAna kevuM? A zaMkA sAcA hRdayane svAbhAvika che. paNa paramAtmAnI divyazaktinuM jyAM sudhI apUrNa bhAna che tyAM sudhI ja e zaMkAne avakAza che. bhagavapAnA bhanehara ane pavitra phuvArAnI nIce AvIne ubhA rahetAM ja, sarva pAparUpa mela dhovAI jAya che. ane sarva ajJAnajanya sattApa zamI jAya che. na dhAraze, ke arjuna pApI rahIne ja paramapada prApta karavAno hataH pAparahita rahIne to paramapadane pahoMcAtuM ja nathI. atre kahevAnuM tAtparya e che ke tame game teTalAM pApa karyo hoya te paNa pApamAM evI zakti nathI ke e tamArA AtmAne hameza mATe bagADI mUke game te kSaNe AtmAne enA zuddha svasvarUpamAM prakAzAvI zakAya che, ane e prakAza prakaTa thatAM ja pApa hatuM ja nahi ema thaI jAya che mATe zrIkRSNabhagavAna anyatra kahe che ke bhAvArtha-he aravindAkSa! -bhagavad ! bIjA keTalAke je pitAne mukta thaI gaelA mAnI bese che, teo tamArAmAM bhAvarahita hovAthI emanI buddhi malina ja rahe che. AvA loke mahA mahenate UMcuM pada prApta kare che, paNa prApta karIne paNa-tamArA caraNane anAdara karela hovAthI pAchA nIce paDe che.

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zrImadbhagavaddagItA "api cedasi pApebhyaH sarvebhyaH paapkRttmH| sarva jhAnaplavenaiva vRjinaM santariSyasi // " bhale te sarva pApImAM pApI che, paNa jJAnarUpI nAkAvaDe te samasta pApanA darIAne sArI rIte tarI jaIza.'--tAtparya ke jJAna e evo padArtha che ke manuSyane pApanI pAra laI jAya che. jJAnane dharma ja e che ke pApane pAchaLa mUkatA javuM ane AgaLa prayANa karavuM. kadAca koIne zaMkA thAya ke karyo pApa kyAM javAnAM ? ene uttara ke - "yathaidhAMsi samiddhognirbhasmasAt kurute'rjuna / jJAnAgniH sarvakarmANi bhasmasAt kurute tathA // arthAta, upara je pApane darIAnI upamA ApI e ema batAvavAne ke darIA jeTalA athAga vistAravALAM ane UMDAM pApa paNa jJAnathI eALaMgI zakAya che. A upamAthI keAIne ema thAya ke karyAM pApa te pAchaLa vitarelAM kAyama rahyAM ja, te tene mATe bhagavAna A bIjI upamA Ape che ke jema bhaDabhaDa baLate agni lAkaDAne bALIne bhasma karI nAkhe che, tema jJAnAgni sarva karmone bALIne bhasma karI nAMkhe che " arthAta, jJAnane evo dharma che ke e pApI saMskArane hatA tevA rahevA daIne ja navA zubha saMskAre umeratuM nathI. paNa dareka navo zubha saMskAra upajAvavAmAM ja jUnA azubha saMskArane nAza kare che. vadhAre cakkasa rIte bolIe te, jJAne saMskAra pADavAne nathI paNa AtmAnuM Antara tAtvika svarUpa ja bahAra prakaTAvI ApavAnuM che. AtmAnuM tAttvika svarUpa zuddha che mATe ja pApane jJAnathI kSaya saMbhave che. nahi te pApapuNya tipitAnuM bala hamezAM eka ekanI hAme ajamAvyA karata, ane AtmA to ubhayanA vigrahanuM eka jaDa kSetra thaI paDI raheta. paNa vastuta: ema nathI. AtmAmAM pApanI hAme thavAnuM, ene nAza karavAnuM bala che; bala jJAnanuM che; ane te antamAMthI bahAra AvI cataraphathI ghero ghAlI beThelA pApanI hAme laDhe che, ane ene kSaya kare che. A rIte pApane saMhAra karavAnuM kharuM sAdhana jJAna che. Aja huM eka khoTuM kRtya kare ane kAle yathAkathaMcita bIjuM sAruM kRtya karU eTalAthI mAro AtmA sudharatA nathI; kAraNa jyAM sudhI jJAna prApta karyA vinA ja e sAruM kRtya karuM chuM tyAM sudhI mahArU AcaraNa eka jaDa padArthanA jevuM che. jyAre sArAne bhAva jJAna vaDe hu antamAM grahI lauM tyAre ja game te prasaMge paNa sArU ja karavAnuM mahArAmAM sAmarthya Ave. Aja nirdaya thAu ane kAle sAya

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zrImaddabhagavadgItA thAuM eTalAthI bhaviSyamAM dayAne mArge cAlIza ema khAtarI maLatI nathI. jJAnapura sara jyAre hAruM vartana thAya tyAre ja kharuM. amuka pApane saMskAra nahi paNa pApanuM sAmAnya mUla je ajJAna e baLI jAya tyAre ja nizcaya rahe ke bhaviSyamAM sArAM-jJAnathI jaNAelA hArA svarUpane chAjatAM, e svarUpane anubhava karAvatAM -kRtyo ja thaze. TuMkAmAM, bAhya AcArane badale samajaNa sAthe antara vRtti zuddha karavAnI kharI jarUra che. vRtti zuddha zI rIte thAya? A praznano uttara apAI gayA che; upara batAvyuM tema, bhagavAnane zaraNe javAthI. emAM zaMkA rahe ke pUrve karelA pApanuM zuM? te ene uttara ke bhagavAna bhaktane khAtarI ApI kahe che ke huM tane sarva pApathI mukta karIza; tArAM pUrvanAM pApathI mukta karIza, tema je je kRtyane tuM pApa paNa mAne che-paNa je vastutaH svArthanusaraNarUpana heI, mahArI duSTane paNa uddhAranArI IcchAnuM anusaraNa hoI pApa ja nathI,-te paNa tane koI paNa rIte baMdhanamAM nAMkhanArAM nathI. mATe tuM jarA paNa phikara karIza nahi A rIte arjunanI sarva zaMkA dUra karI, bhagavAna arjunanA manamAM pUrveta upadeza "kIlaka" vaDe daDha kare che. "ahaM tvA sarvapApebhyo mokSayiSyAmi mA zucaH" eTalA zabdo karNa paDatAM ja, AtmAmAM nairAzya maTI kevuM bila Ave che! " kahIM lAkho nirAzAmAM amara AzA chupAI che. te A ja. ane mATe ja - "naSTo mohaH smRtilabdhA tvatprasAdAnmayAcyuta / sthito'smi gatasandehaH kariSye vacanaM tava // "* evo arjunane chevaTane nizcaya. [ sudarzana 1890-91-92] - huM ayyata ! he aneka vikAronA madhyamAM rahetuM paNa avikatA evuM paramatatva!-tamArA prasAde karI mahAro meha gayo ane svasvarUpanuM smaraNa prApta thayuM, gatasajola thaI u chuM. tamArA kahyA pramANe karIza.

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karmayoga kapa 13. karmacAga-1 dharma ane tattvajJAnanAM parama rahasyo jevAM ApaNuM zAstramAM zodhAyAM che tevAM bIjA koI paNa dezanAM zAmAM zodhAyAM nathI ema ApaNe sakAraNa abhimAnathI mAnIe chIe; ApaNAM zAmAM paNa "jItA sugItA kartavyA vinaH zAzvavihatA. ra vaarmA muavailaHsRtA | " ema zrImadbhagavatratAmAM sarva satyenuM sandahana thaeluM kahevAya che, ane e mahAna granthane mahAna upadeza te karmayoga che ema ApaNe sArI rIte jANIe chIe. A daSTie vicAratAM, Ajano viSaya e vizALa gaMbhIra ane rahasyabhUta lAge che ke enuM nirUpaNa karavA jatAM mana ane vANuM kaMpe e svAbhAvika che. paNa bIjI daSTie vicAratAM-AjanA viSaya karatAMvadhAre nikaTa paDe, sahelo ane saraLa bIjo viSaya ja nathI. jema paramAtmA " a yAna mata maNIyAra DeTAthI paNa maheTa ane nahAvAthI paNa nhAne che, tema ApaNe Ajane viSaya-je paramAtmAne ja lakSe che ane enI ja prAptine rAjamArga che-te paNa enA jevo ja mahaTAmAM maheTa ane nAnAmAM nhAne, kaThaNamAM kaThaNa ane sahelAmAM sahelo che. paramAtmA kAMI vidvAnene ja nathI-vidvAne che tema bALakane paNa che; tema karmiga te paNa paMDitaeja carcAno viSaya nathI; sAmAnya janane paNa e viSe vicAra karavAno adhikAra che-balka kartavya che. A bAju upara huM ApanuM khAsa lakSa kheMcavA mAguM chuM kAraNake ghaNuM mANaso AvA viSaya te mAtra vidvAne mATe ja che ema samajI enAthI hIne AghAM rahe che; A viSaya te ApaNA jIvanane roTalo che. khAdhA vinA cAle te A viSaya vinA cAle. ApaNuM jIvanane TakAvavA kAMIne kAMI kamaeNrUpI anna te ApaNuM zarIramAM ApaNe nAMkhatA ja rahIe chIe UMghamAM koLIA bharIe chIe eTale zuM khAIe chIe-kAcu ke pAkuM, eka bhAvArtha--gItA ke je sAkSAta viSNubhagavAnanA mukhakamaLamAMthI nIkaLI che tene sArI peThe AtmAmAM gAI levI-bIjAM lAMbAM lAMbAM zAstronuM kAMI ja prayojana nathI.

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karmayAga ceAkhyuM ke dhULabharyuM--tenuM ApaNane bhAna rahetuM nathI. mATe jarA jAgrata thaie -ApaNe khAIe chIe te ApaNA zarIrane mAphaka Ave evuM che ke kema, ethI zarIra pASAze ke kSINa thaze?--- A jJAna zrImadbhagavadgItAmAM zrIkRSNa bhagavAne arjunane--eTale ke paramAtmAe ApaNu sarvane ApyuM che; enA ApaNe lAbha laI e. meM hamaNAM ja kahyuM tema--ApaNe AjanA viSayane kaThaNa mAnI khesavAnuM kAMI ja kAraNa nathI. ' mauna A mhoTA jaNAtA zabda ma ane cauna e e zabdo maLIne thaelA cheH ane baMnenA artha bahu sahele che. ma-eTale kriyA e ApaNe rAta divasa karyAM ja karIe chIe, eTale etA ApaNane suparicita che. mAtra cauLa zabdanA arthamAM thAvuka jANavAnuM rahe che. zrImadbhagavadgItAmAM 'ceAga' zabda sAmAnya DhAkA hAlamAM e zabdanA jevA atha--prANavAyune rUMdhavA kADhavAnI kriyAo-samaje che tevA amAM vaparAelA nathI. gItAnA tattvajJAnamAM yAga--zabda te te zabda sAthe joDAI temAM amuka viziSTatA pUre che --jemake ' bhaktiyeAga,' 'jJAnayeAga', dhyAnayoga, ' ' karmayoga, ' ' strI putra dravya svarga Adi aneka viSayAne ApaNe bhajIe chIe, te upara prIti khAMdhIe chIe te bhajanane, te prItine prabhu sAthe joDavI te 'bhaktiyAga' che. ApaNA jJAnanA viSaya paNa asaMkhya padyArthI che paNa te sarvanuM adhiSThAna brahma che ema samajI ApaNA jJAnane prabhu sAthe saMbandha karavA enuM nAma * jJAnayeAga.' ApaNe bahu bahu padArthonuM dhyAna arthAt ekAgra cintana karIe chIe, anee rIte e padArthInA AtmA sAthe ApaNA AtmAnI ekatA anubhavIe chIe-parantu e ja ekAgra cintana paramAtmAnuM karavuM-mananI vRtti viSayamAMthI rASTrI paramAtmAmAM joDavIe dhyAnaceAgaH' ane te ja rIte, ApaNe pratikSaNa je karyAM karyAM karIe chIe tene prabhu sAthe joDavAM tenuM nAma 'karmayAga' che. paNa tame pUchaze! -ApaNA karmIne prabhu sAthe zI rIte joDavAM ? ene uttara ke enA Adi anta ane madhya traNemAM prabhu sthApIne. ApaNAM karyAM prabhumAMthI ja nIkaLe che, arthAt huM huM-rUpI gAmukhamAMthI bahAra AvatI kamarUpI gagA e gAmukhamAM utpanna thatI nathI paNa viSNunA caraNakamaLamAMthI vahe che--e eka dRDha samajaNu rahevI joI e.

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kAga - jene ApaNe je karavuM joie narI bhASA vALI teno viro bIjuM, karma pite paNa bhagavAnanuM ja svarUpa che, gaMgA pite paNa bhagavatI je che e dRSTi rahevI joIe. vaLI, e sarva karmo hArA svArtha mATe karavAnAM nathI-ema karavAne yatna te te gemukhamAMthI nIkaLatI gaMgAne pAchI gemukhamAM ja pUravA jevo mithyA yatna kahevAya-paNa paramAtmA artha karavAnA che, cAlatuM rUpaka vAparIe te karmagaMgAe vizvamahAsamudramAM bhaLI, paga cAMpatAM lakSmIjI sahavartamAna vasatA viSNuparamAtmAnuM nivAsasthAna banavAnuM che e trIjI samajaNa hovI joIe. Ama vividha rIte karmane prabhu sAthe ga karavo e bhagavatitAne mahAna upadeza che ane rakhene kaI advaitasiddhAntIne mArI bhASA daitavAdathI aMkAelI lAge, te mATe bhAre spaSTa karavuM joIe ke A karmacAga te khare advaita siddhAnta-jene ApaNe tattvajJAnane ziromaNi mAnIe chIe - tene virodhI nathI, paNa anurodhI che. "prakRti" ane "puruSa" -e dvata; ene advaitabhAva traNa rIte banI zake, eka te prakRtine phakta niSedha karIne; A rIte kevala akartA draSTA puruSa ja rahe, ane karma mAtra baMdha thaI jAya. bIjI rIta te "puruSa" no niSedha karIne; A rIte phakta jaDa kriyAvatI prakRti ja rahe, ane te paNa citanyanA tejane abhAve adhakArathI chavAI jAya. AmAMne prathama siddhAnta te Alasya ane nirvedamAM pariName, ane bIjo siddhAnta aihika jIvanamAM kRtakRtyatA mAnanAra nAstikanA matanuM rUpa le. paNa A baMne rItathI judI ja trIjI rIta adaitasidhinI e che ke prakRti ane puruSa ubhayanuM paramAtmAmAM advaita sAdhavuM. arthAt eka rIte bolIe te, prakRtine niSedha na karavo, puruSane paNa na karavo-ane karo tyAre baMnene karaH ubhayasaMgrAhaka ane ubhayabAdhaka eka tatva-paramAtmA-mAM karavo. ApaNuM karmanA viSayamAM A siddhAnta UtArIe te-kahevAnuM ke pravRttine niSedha na kare, nivRttine paNa na karavo, ane pravRttimAM nivRtti sAdhavI, ane nivRttimAM pravRtti sAdhavI, arthAta jevI. zrImadabhagavadgItA kahe che tema "cama : pavamaLi pharka jaH ? sa buddhimAn manuSyeSu sa yuktaH kRtsnakarmakRt // " = je puruSa karmamAM akarma juve ane akarmamAM karma juve te ja puruSa sarva manuSyamAM buddhimAna-jJAnI-che, ane akhila karma karanAra karmayogI paNa te ja che. 13 25 lepaNa A paramAtmAnIta advaitasiddhinI

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karmayoga Ama advaitavRSTithI zrImadbhagavadgItAe karyuM ane jJAnanA, pravRtti ane nivRttinA avirAdha sthApyA che. Ta hajI eka mahattvanA prazna vicAravAnA rahe che-karma prabhu sAthe joDavAM, paNa te kevAM joDavAM? sArAM khATAM sarva? uttara -khATAM karyAM te prabhu sAthe joDI zakAtAM ja nathI. andhakArane teja sAthe zI rIte joDAya? tyAre khATAM karyuM mATe javAbadArI kAnI? mhArI peAtAnI ja. tyAre Ate artha zuM evA ke kheATAM kama teTalAM mhArAM, ane sArAM teTalAM prabhunAM ? khezaka ema.ja. paNa A prazaMsA ane nindAnA vibhAga mATe tame kAraNa mAgaze|. tame pUchaze! -A vibhAga te mAtra bhaktine viSaya ja che, ke enI upapatti thaI zake--enuM kAraNa batAvI zakAya--ema che ? kAraNa spaSTa che ke je kAMI kheATAM karma thAya che te ' huM 'mAMthIja-ahaMtAmAMthI ja thAya che. | tulasIdAsajIe kahyuM che ke-- abhimAna pApamUla dayA dharmako mUla hai > arthAt ' yA' -AtmabhAva--e dharmanuM mULa che, ane 'abhimAna' buddhi e pApanuM mULa che. ane 'dayA' zabdanA arthe netramAM azru ja nathI, paNa e azrumAM ane azrunI pAchaLa jhaLakatA AtmabhAva che; ane * abhimAna ' zabda je dayAnA pratiyeAgirUpe "eTale ke ' dayA' thI ulaTA arthamAM vaparAyA che tenA artha ' garva ' nathI, paNa garva Adi sadhaLA duSTa vRttionuM khIjabhUta je huMpaNuM ahaMtA te che. A AtmabhAva ane ahaMtA vaccenA bheda lakSamAM rAkhavAnA che. je svayaMprakAza caitanya mhArA tamArA sarvamAM-prakRtisuddhAMtamAM raheluM che ane jene ghaTapaTAdanI mArka viSaya na karI zakavAthI, chatAM svayaMbhuprakAza anubhavavAthI, ApaNe 'AtmA' kahIe chIe tenuM sarvatra pratyabhijJAna karavuM ene sarvatra eLakhavA'cInavA ' -enA svIkAramaya thavuM-arthAt enA jJAnane zAbhatAM ana vANI ane ka karavAM, enuM nAma AtmabhAva. ethI ulaTI rIte tamArA chAmI mhArI jAtane sthApavI, vizva hAme mhArA piMDane mUkavA, eka akhaMDa caitanyane ajJAnathI khaMDita karavuM, ane tanusAra mana vANI ane karmane svArthaparAyaNa karavAM enuM nAma ahatA. ' .. r ahaMtA kema TaLe, ane AtmabhAva kema udaya thAya ? A prazna upara AvIe chIe tyAre ApaNAM prAcIna zAstrAnA mahimA ApaNane pUrepUrA dekhAya che. emAM eka sAdhana na batAvatAM asaMkhya sAdhane bhUtAvyAM che,

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karmayoga jemAMnuM kAIne eka te koIne bIjuM te keIne trIjuM ema vividha manuSyane pitapotAnA svabhAvanusAra vividha sAdhane upayogI thaI paDe che, dareka manuSya pitapotAnI khAmI ane svabhAvane vicAra karIne te te sAdhane zraddhAthI grahaNa karavAM. eTale vicAra karavAnI paNa zakti prApta na thaI hoya te parama kRpALu zrIkRSNa paramAtmAe manuSya mAtrane upadezelA karmayoganA gherI mArge caDhavuM. aneka sakarmo karatAM karatAM uttama zIla jAme che, paNa te jAmatAM pahelAM pitAnI svatantra buddhithI kartavyane nirNaya karavAne lobha rAkhavo vRthA che. ane A viSayanI svatandra buddhi jene aMgrejImAM "conscience' kahevAmAM Ave che enA nirNaya tyAre ja prAmANika bane che ke jyAre e buddhi rAgadveSAdi deva thakI mukta thAya che, ane saMsArane anubhavathI paripakava bane che. A sthiti prApta karavA mATe ApaNuM zAstrakAroe varNAzramanA dharmo racI mUkyA che. e varNAzramadharmonuM sevana karavuM ane te niSkAma vRttithI paramAtmA upara dRSTi rAkhIne karavuM e karmayoganuM rahasya che. e dharmonA AcaraNamAM kaI vahemI ke julamI vyavasthAne AdhIna thavA jevuM nathI. manuSyasvabhAvanA ane saMsAratatvanA pUrNa anubhavI, pratibhAzAlI, ane paropakArI mahAtmAoe jagatanA kalyANArthe e mArgo banAvyA che. te keTalIka vakhata lAMbA ane vikaTa lAgatA haze kharA, paNa ghaNAeka TuMkA ane sugama dekhAtA mArge ja vastutaH bhUlabhUlAmaNa bharelA nIvaDe che. tyAre zuM gItAnuM tAtparya cAlatI rUDhie cAlyA karavu ema upadezavAnuM che? nahi ja, kartavyane nirNaya kevala svatandra buddhithI karo kevo kaThaNa che e jaNavavA, zrIkRSNa bhagavAne "karmaNo hyapi boddhavyaM boddhavyaM ca vikarmaNaH / akarmaNadha boddhavyaM gahanA karmaNo gatiH // " -ema karma-vika-ane akarma traNenI bAbatamAM cetatA rahevAnuM kahyuM che, ane "jJAtvAzAstravidhAnoktaM karma kartu mihaahsi|" -ema zAstrane vidhi anusaravAnI AjJA karI che. te ja sAthe kAkAryane nirNaya karavA mATe paNa AtmapamyAdi (potAnI jAta jevI sAmAnI jAtane gaNavI vagere-) gheraNa batAvyAM che. dareka kRtyanI sArA

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100 karmayAga sAratAnA viveka mATe prakRtinA guNAnuM pRthakkaraNa karyuM che, ane e guNI sattva rajasa ane tamasa-enAM svarUpe paNa sUkSmatAthI varNavyAM che. vaLI daivI saMpata ane AsurI saMpat ema ApaNI vRttionA vibhAga pADayA che te paNa amuka kRtya ApaNI daivI sa'pane pekhe che ke AsurI sa'patne e vicAravA mATe che. rUDha thaI gaelA varNAzramadharmImAM keTalAka evA paNu jaNAze ke je daivI saMpatane badale AsurI sa'patane upakAraka thAya che. evA dharmAne mela samajIne dUra karo; ane zuddha bhAgane tAravI kADhe; enI mULa ujjavaLatAne tamArA AcaraNamAM pratilita karI adhika ujjavaLa banAve, ane mithyAvAdavivAda na karatAM tamArA jIvananA dRSTAntathI batAvI Ape ke ApaNA prAcIna dharmamAM kevI khUbI che! adhika zuM kahuM ? [ vasanta, vaizAkha saMvat 1965 ] * eka nDAnI zAstrIonI ane vidyArthIonI sabhA samakSa pramukha tarIke "miyeAga" nA viSaya upara huM theADuMka khelele, tenA atre thADAka vistAra karyo che.

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kamega 101 14 karmacAga-2 ApaNe gayA aMkamAM kAganuM tattva enA sAdA ane saraLa svarUpamAM yathAzakti vicAryuM. emAM ApaNe joyuM ke-paramAtmAmAM dRSTi sthApI , karmaniSTha rahevuM, ane pitApitAnI prakRtine vicAra karI adhikAra joI kartavyanirNaya karavo e e mahAna upadezanuM rahasya che. e upadezanI mahattA e che ke manuSyajAtinA amuka ja vargane-rAjAne ke raMkane, vidvAnane ke abhaNane, strIne ke puruSane ja te lAgu paDato nathI. manuSya mAtrane-ane te paNa sarva dezamAM ane sarva kALamAM lAgu paDatA e upadeza che. ane ema che te-emAMthI vartamAna kALamAM ApaNe-hindanivAsI Aryajanoe zo sAra grahaNa karavAnuM che e vicAravuM svAbhAvika rIte prApta thAya che. Alasya-viSAda-cintA-zaMkA Adi AtmazoSaka vRttione dUra karI, udyama-utsAha-Ananda Adi AtmapoSaka vRttio prajAmA dAkhala karavI-e eka mukhya bodha che. gaI audyogika pariSadunA pramukha mi. sudheLakare saMnyAsanI bhAvanA upara je ekadezI AkSepa karyo hato temAM te ApaNe nahi saMmata thaIe, paraMtu te sAthe e paNa smaraNamAM rAkhIzuM ke" na karmaNAmanArambhAnnaiSkarmya puruSo'zrute / carAva siddhi samiti " ma. . . -mAtra karma karavAM mAMDI vALavAthI mANasa niSkarSadazA prApta karatA nathI, tathA saMnyAsa-karmatyAga -eTalAthI ja e siddhi pAmato nathI"evuM bhagavacana che. ane je e vacana mAtra uccArIne besI na rahetAM ApaNA samasta dezanA jIvanamAM enuM satata smaraNa rAkhavA-rakhAvavAnuM + "The ascetic ideal, which holds in contempt this world and its interest, has exercised for centuries past a dominating influence on the Indian mind....... The downfall of our industries, arts and trade, is as much due to this cause, as to the heavy disabilities and restrictions imposed upon them by the economic and fiscal policy of England and other countries."

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102 karmayoga ApaNuM kartavya che, te eTaluM spaSTa che ke kahevAtA bAvAo" ane phakIre"--jeo vastutaH nizaiguNya ke savaguNanI dazAe pahoMcelA nathI paNa nidrA Alasya ane pramAdathI UpajatI tame guNanI ja dazA bhegave che--teonI saMkhyAmAM jema bane tema ghaTADe karo. ApaNuM ajJAna daridra ane vividha dhandhA vagaranA dezamAM, e jAtinA lokane "jAo! majurI kare." ema tiraskAra karIne bAraNethI kADhavA-eTalAthI kAryasiddhi nathI. anya varga (Depressed Classes) ne uddhAra karavAne Aja kAla je yatna thAya che tevo ja, balake te karatAM paNa vizeSa mahattvano yatna A bAvAonA ane phakIrenA uddhAra mATe karavuM joIe. nAza pAmelI ane nAza pAmatI jatI grAmasaMsthAone sajIvana karavA tathA parasparasahAyaka nANAM dhIranArI peDhIo sthApavA ApaNe sarakArane vAraMvAra kahIe chIe; paraMtu te ja pramANe, bAvAonI ane phakIranI jamAtamAMthI je dhAmaka jIvana UDI gayuM che te pharI lAvavAnuM ane teonA dhAmika jIvanamAM upakAraka thAya evI keLavaNInI saMsthAo UbhI karavAnuM kAma ApaNe mAthe nathI? tandurasta zarIramAM saDelA bhAgane bahAra pheMkI devAnuM svAbhAvika valaNa hoya che; tadanusAra, jyAre e jamAtamAM kharuM dhArmika jIvana Avaze tyAre enA duSTa aMze enI meLe ja saMgha bahAra thaI jaze ane e rIte, atyAre atizaya bhAre thaI paDelI e varganI saMkhyA dhIme dhIme ghaTatI jaze. e jIvana pharI jAgrata karavA mATe te te jamAtane hAthamAM laI teomAM saMskRta ane anya dezI bhASAonI keLavaNInI saMsthAo dAkhala karavAne yatna karavo joIe. dezamAM utpanna thaelI audyogika jAgratine aMge, teo AgaLa dravya ane kuTummasukhanI lAlace dharIne teone Alasya ane pramAda tyajAvI udyoga karIe e cheka kharAba nathI, kAraNa ke eTale aMze ApaNe tene tame guNamAMthI kADhI ethI caDhIAtA evA rajoguNamAM praveza karAvIzuM; paraMtu kharUM kartavya che e ja che ke ApaNA dezanuM saMnyAsAzramanuM mAhA" ApaNe tahena vIsarI na jatAM e mahAsagha. AgaLa jJAna tyAga ane paropakAranI savaguNI bhAvanA sadA kAyama rAkhIne janasamAjane e vargane lAbha apAve. vaLI zrImadabhagavadgItAe nindalo "karma-anAraMbha" ne deSa te mAtra bAvAo ane phakIremAM ja che ema nathI. keLavAelA vargane keLavAelI-sAmAnya karatAM caDhI AtI -kaseTIe tapAsIe te enI paNa

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kAga 103 TI saMkhyA "huM mahArA dezane reTa dezane yogya badalo ApIne khAuM chuM ke kema?" e praznane santoSakAraka uttara ApI zake ema nathI. hindusthAnanI tIjorInAM nANuM bahu ja maheTe bhAge ApaNuM abhaNa dezabaMdhuenA parasevAnAM banelAM hoya che; ane emAMthI ja ApaNuM kaeNleje ane kacerIonA kharca cAle che A dhyAnamAM rAkhIe te ApaNe keLavAelA vargane maheTo bhAga abhaNa varga pratyenuM pitAnuM devuM barAbara vALe che ema kahevuM kaThaNa paDaze. Alasya jevA ja AtmAne khAI janArA bIjA de te viSAda cintA zaMkA Adi che. ApaNuM keLavAelA janamAMnA ghaNAekane deza pratye lAgaNI te hoya che, paNa teo enI vartamAna sthiti joIne evA viSAdamAM-khedamAM DUbI jAya che ke teone kAMIpaNa kartavya karavA jevuM " The influence of higher education is expected to elevate the national life proportionately to its height and depth. The writer in East and West to whom I have referred estimates Rs. 4 per head as the annual cost of primary education. That of collegiate education ranges from over Rs. 250 per head in Government institutions to, perhaps, a third of that sum in private colleges-say, an average of Rs. 100 par head. That is to say, 25 pupils can be educated in a primary for what it takes one young man to undergo University education. The State cannot spend so much on one person except in the belief that the influence of the one man will more than compensate for the loss of opportunity of primary education of 25 children. In other words, State support of higher education rests on the condition that higher education has an essential altruistic foundation as its basis and as its outcome On the portals of a University and in the hearts of every University man should be engraved the motto; "Freely you have received, freely give." Original research, altruistic service, and the always selfless work of teaching-these are the ends for which Universities exist, and their claim to the support of the state depends on their due fulfilment." -K, Natarajan.

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104 kAga lAgatuM nathI. dezanuM ajJAna, enuM dAridrazya, ene kusaMpa-Adi, pratibandhakene Dhaga joI teonAM gAtra zithila thaI jAya che, ane temAM paNa jyAre pazcimanA dezo sAthe potAnA dezane sarakhAve che tyAre te e be vaccenuM aMtara joI, eka pagaluM bharavAnI teomAM hAma rahetI nathI. vaLI, dezamAM kaI kaI sthaLe aniSTa pravRttio thatI joI enA bhaviSya mATe cintA karanAre varga paNa che, paNa cintA e rogane pratIkAra nathI e e kyAM vicAre che? vaLI eka varga e paNa che ke je kAryakAryanA saMzayamAM ja DUkhyo rahe che-dAkhalA tarIke, saMsArasudhArAnA praznamAM-jJAtibaMdhAraNane lAbha laI strI keLavaNuM vagere te te sudhArA karavA, ke bhale e sudhArA meDA thAya paNa prathama te jJAtine ja nAza karavo? eka rIte karatAM jJAtibandhane daDha thAya; bIjI rIte karatAM, sudhAre thatuM nathI. bIjo dAkhalo laIe-zALAmAM judA judA dharmanuM zikSaNa ApavA jatAM dharmAnyapaNuM vadhe che; na ApavAthI dharmazanyatA thAya che. A parasparavirodhI dalIle vacce kartavyamUDha thaI ubho rahenAre eka varga che. A sarva dezane pratIkAra enA virodhI guNamAM rahelo che; ALasa khaMkherI udyama kare-kAma karyAne Ananda judo ja che, jenA svAdanuM ALasu mANasane bhAna ja nathI. viSAda tyajI utsAhI bane-svadezano uddhAra kadI paNa azakya nathI. utsAhathI jApAne TuMka samayamAM keTaluM sAdhyuM che e tame jANe che ja. jarmanI AjathI trIsa cALIsa varSa upara, darIyAI yuddhamAM kAma lAge evI eka paNa naukA bAMdhI zakatuM nahatuM Aja IglAMDane e kAmamAM jarmanInI harIphAI karavI paNa muzkela thaI paDI che. ApaNe bhUtakALamAM jagatane vyavahAra ane paramArtha ubhayamAM upayogI thatuM puSkaLa jJAna ApyuM che te bhaviSyamAM e ja mahatva pharI kema nahi prApta karI zakIe ? kadAca koIne A AzA mithyA lAgatI haze. paNa vartamAnamAM dRSTi dhI rAkhIne potAnI zaktinA svarUpane khyAla bAMdha e bahu ja bhramajanaka vicArapaddhati che; bhUta ane bhaviSya ubhaya paratve e beTI che. sara vilyama jonsanane saMskRtamAM nATake che ema kahevAmAM AvyuM tyAre e mAnI paNa zakayo na hato ke e nATake zeksapiyaranAM nATaka jevI racanAnAM haze; ane mAtra bhavAIne ja paricaya dharAvanAra be traNa peDhI uparanA ApaNA pUrvajone kAlidAsa ke bhavabhUtine kaze ja khyAla na hatuM. te ja pramANe 1856nA baLavA pahelAMnA lokane vartamAna vividha pravRttio tamAM daSTi dha ti che; bhUta che ema kahevAmAM

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' karmayAga 105 viSe vAta karI hAta tA te kAIka khIjI ja dunIyAnI vAta jevI samajata. jagatanI vividha prajAnA itihAsa ApaNune kAI paNa satya mukhyatve karI zIkhavatA heAya te te e che ke manuSyanI uttamatA ane adhamatAnI zakyatAne sImA nathI. jo hAtha paga joDI khesI rahI dinaparaddina adhika adhamatA prApta karavAnuM ApaNAmAM sAmarthya che, teA te ja rIte kammara kasI kartavyaparAyaNa thaI dinapratidina adhika ne adhika uttamatA meLavavAnuM sAmarthya paNa ApaNAmAM kema na heAya ? Ama vicArI, utsAhI thavuM--e ardhuM kAma karyAM kharAkhara che. ta cintA e manuSyanA AtmAnA eka trIjo rAga che--ane te gayA aMkamAM khatAvelI ahaMtAnuM ja cokhkhuM pariNAma che kartavya karyAM pachI, hindusthAnanuM zuM thaze, e phikara ApaNane zAnI ? je mANasa kartavyaparAmacchu che tene teA evI kiMkara sUjhatI ja nathI. e tA varjhavarthanI 'Solitary Reaper' nA jevA peAtAnA kartavyamAM evA masthUla che ke ene to bIjo zuM kare che te jovAnI paNa phurasada nathI. ApaNuM teMbya bhUlI prabhunI phikara ApaNe peAtAne mAthe vhAravI e mithyAbhimAna che. satata smaraNamAM rAkhavuM ke ApaNA dezanI phikara prabhune che: bhAratavarSanA kalyANu mATe naranArAyaNa tapazcaryAM kare che. ceAtheA doSa--zakA--te paNa kartavya cUkavanAra eka zakti che ane enA pratIkAra zrImadbhagavadgItAe zraddhApUrvaka kartavya kA javuM e batAvyA che. vicAranI kharI kaseATI AcAra che, ane tethI kAryAMkAryanA vicAramAM guMcAI na paDatAM anubhavI mahAtmAo upara zraddhA rAkhI teone batAvele mArge prayANa karavuM, anubhava letA cAlavuM, ane e anubhavathI peAtAnI bhUlA sudhAratA javuM: arthAt vicArane ekalAne mahattva na ApatAM AcArathI vicArane zuddha karatA rahevuMA zrIkRSNe arjunane upadezelA karmayoganuM mukhya tAtparya che. Ama, Alasya viSAda cintA zaMkA Adi dekhe tyajI udyama utsAha Ananda zraddA Adi guNA upajAvavAnA medha vartamAna samaye ApaNane kavA upayAgI che e ApaNe joyuM, paNa e uparAMta eka bIjuM mahattvanu tAtparya paNa hAlanA samayamAM ApaNe khAsa yAda rAkhavAnuM che. arjunanA hRdayamAM U~cA vicArA AvavA mAMDayA hatA. * rudhire kharaDayA bhega' bhAga C * "Let us not turn our duties into doubts "--Bure. 14

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106 karmayoga vavA ene gamatA nahotA; enAM sagAM saMbaMdhIo mATe ene dayA upajI hatI. paNa hajI e vicAre, vastutaH enA AtmAthI ane tethI enA adhikArathI-keTalA dUra hatA tenuM ene bhAna na hatuM. kartavya karatAM karatAM ja AgaLa vadhAya che e bhUlI jaI vacaluM kartavya oLaMgI jaI sahasA brAhmaNanI bhAvanA siddha karavAnuM ene mana thayuM hatuM. e prasaMge, zrIkRSNa ene upadeza karyo tene sAra e nIkaLe che ke eka sArI ane eka khoTI evI be bhAvanA vacce virodha AvI paDayo hoya tyAre te nirNaya kare sahelo che, paNa jyAre baMne sArI bhAvanA vacce pasaMdagI karavAnI hoya tyAre ja vikaTa prasaMga utpanna thAya che, ane te prasaMge adhikAra upara daSTi rAkhavI-arthAta bhaviSyathI kheMcAI jaI vartamAna kartavya bhUlavuM nahi. have, A ja upadeza ApaNuM hAlanI dazAne lAgu pADIe te te e che ke svadezasevAnA moTA nAmathI aMjAI jaI, ApaNu nikaTa paDelAM hamezanAM kartavya cUkavAM nahi. svadezasevAnI bhAvanA dRSTi AgaLa rAkhavAnI nA nathI kahevAnuM tAtparya eTaluM ja che ke kharI svadezasevA te ApaNuM nityakarma karavAthI ja sadhAya che je rAta divasa "svadeza" "svadeza" ema nAma uccAryo kare che te ja khare svadezasevaka nathI paNa je eka pitA tarIke, putra tarIke, bhAI tarIke, mitra tarIke, pADozI tarIke, musAphara tarIke, dukAnadAra tarIke, amaladAra tarIke, ema vidhavidharUpe kuTuMbamAM zerImAM bajAramAM kacerImAM cArAmAM pitAnuM kartavya yathArtha bajAve che e ja khare svadezabhakta che. ApaNuM ane ApaNuM bhAvanAnI vacce zanya marudeza paDelo nathIH vacala paMtha nhAnAM heTAM asaMkhya sundara kartavyathI chavAelo che. temAM thaIne ja ApaNe ApaNuM uddiSTa sthAna tarapha prayANa karavAnuM che. A satya samajAya to vidyArthIo, gRhastha ane prajAjana banatA pahelAM rAjakIya kartavya pitAne mAthe kheMcI levAnI lAlasA kare che te na kare, tema ja sAmAnya prajAjana keTalIkavAra, pitAnuM kharuM kartavya visAre nAMkhI svadezasevAne nAme mithyA zaktine vyaya kare che tema na karatAM potAnA alpa pradezamAM kartavya bajAvI dezane vadhAre upayogI thAya. A jAtanI saMgIna kartavyabhAvanA dezamAM upajAvavAnI atyAre ghaNuM jarUra che-kAraNuM ke atyArano samaya evo che ke rAtri gaI che, ane prabhAta thayuM che. briTizarAjya e ApaNuM dezanA kalyANane navo uSa:kALa che. ApaNuM jhaLahaLatA tejomaya divase te prAcIna kALamAM gayA; paNa madhya

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karmaga 107 kALanI ghera rAtri vyatIta thaIne dezamAM prAtaHkALanAM kiraNe pharI phUTatAM atyAre ja dekhAya che. mArA A vicAramAM keIne svadezabhaktinI khAmI lAgatI hoya te ene mAre ATaluM ja namra uttara che ke-svadeza saune vahAlo che; paNa svadezabhaktine nAme asatya vahAluM nathI briTiza rAjyanA Agamana pahelAM dezanuM bhaviSya" e vicAra paNa keIne sUjhato hato paga taLonI bhUmi uparAMta be DagalAM paNa keInI dRSTi dUra jaI zakatI ? are ! je bhagavadgItA mATe atyAre ApaNe ATaluM badhuM abhimAna dharAvIe chIe tenuM jJAna paNa keTalA paiDAne hatuM. ane tethI kahevuM joIe ke cotarapha vyApI rahela andhakAra dUra thaI kartavyanA mArga UghaDatA have ja ApaNane najare paDe che. eka andhArI rAtrie lUTArU ane hiMsaka prANIothI bharelA jaMgalamAM phasAI paDelA vaTemArgune pitAnA jAnamAlanA rakSaNa uparAMta bhAgyeja kAMI paNa kartavya hoya che. ene sUryodaya thatAM, mArga sUjhIne je Ananda thAya che tevo ja Ananda atyAre kharA dezasevakane thavo joIe. prabhAtanA ghaMTanAda dUra dUrathI zravaNe paDe che, ane "mitro jAna jAtAMti suvA:"--ka, saM. athata prabhu pote ApaNane, Ananda ane utsAhathI sajja thaI haLa laI pitApitAne soMpelA kartavyakSetramAM zrama karavA, bIja ropavA, ane dezanI samRddhi vadhAravA belAve che [vasanta, cha, saMvata 195]

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mAyAvAda mAyAvAda " If selfishness stands opposed to selfishness, why should my self-seeking not have just as much right as that of otheis? Am I not the nearest one to myself ? Have not I therefore the right to make myself, my own wishes and interests, the measure of all things, the criterion of all my actions ? Resting upon the divine will human society is a moral organism in which all stand for one and one for all. Take that religious ground away, and society dissolves into a chaos in which every one is against all and all against every one" Prof. P fleiderer, navembara 1898nA aMkamAM "divya prabhAta"ne aMge mAyAvAda saMbaMdhI ApaNe avakAzane anusarI keTaleka vicAra karyo. emAM eTaluM diga-darzana thayuM ke - 1 (1) mAyAvAda kharuM jotAM eka vAda mAtra ja nathI, paNa dhArmika anubhavanuM sarvasva e vAdane avalaMbIne rahyuM che, ane tethI skuTa vA , garbhita rIte sarva dharmamAM e vAdanuM astitva che. (2) vaLI nyAyadaSTithI jotAM e vAda siddha karavAne, eTale tarkavRttine dharmavRtti sAthe samanvaya karI ApavAne, je paNa mAtra vedAntIone zira nathI, paNa pratyeka dhArmika janane zira che. 2 A vAdane keTalIka vAra anubhavavidhI kahI nidavAmAM Ave che. paNa vastutaH anubhavavidhano doSa bhAyAvAdane bAdha karI zakato nathI. prakAzane aMdhakAravidhI kahevAmAM kAMI paNa anupapatti hoya te ja atre anu55tti che; kemake anubhavavidha e te mAyAnuM svarUpa ja che, ane anubhavavidha vinA adhyAtmazAstra te zuM paNa keIpaNa zAstra pravartI zakatuM nathI. vaLI adhyAtmavidyAmAM anya zAstra karatAM anubhavavidhanI vadhAre gyatA eTalA mATe che ke atre je samyagadarzana sAdhavAnuM che te mAtra buddhinA pradezanuM nathI, paNa samagra AtmAnuM che, eTale ke khagoLavidyAnI mAphaka atre amuka siddhAMta siddha karIne pakSa jJAnathI viramavAnuM nathI, paNa samagra AtmAmAM apakSa anubhava prApta karavAnuM che, ane

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bhAyAvAda 109 teTalA mATe atre bAdhita anubhavanuM bAdhitatva atyaMta tIvra thaI parAkASTAe pahoMce che. A anubhavavidha paNa vastutaH virodhane AbhAsa ja che, kemake ApaNe joI gayA tema bhAyAvAdanu sAmAnya rItie ema kahevuM nathI ke A jagata dekhAya che te nathI dekhAtuM; enuM te vizeSataH kahevuM che ke A jagata dekhAya che te, brahmadarzana thatAM, jagatarUpe nathI dekhAtuM. ane A siddhAnta anubhavathI nibadha che. 3 A vAdane kavacit anIzvaravAda gaNavAmAM Ave che paNa (1) yathArtha rIte vicAratAM te Izvarane mahimA mAyAvAda vinA prakaTa ja thaI zakato nathI. Izvara ane tenI sAthe jagata , ke jagata ane jIva, ema be vA traNa padArtha mAnI tattvavicAra aTakI zake khare? padArthanI anekatA TALI tenI pAchaLa ektAnuM sUtra zodhI levuM e ja tattvaciMtanane uddeza che, ane tethI ukta be traNa padArtha, jemAM tame Izvarano aMtabhAva kare che tenI para evuM sattva hovuM joIe ke jethI e sarvane khulAse thaI zake, ane je A rIte IzvarathI para javAya vA para javA AkAMkSA rahe te pachI IzvaranuM Izvaratva, eTale enuM sarvasaMmata parAkASTA" parAgati" "paramaavadhi" paramanidAna ItyAdi padethI nirdiSTa IzvarasvarUpa, kyAM rahyuM? (2) bhaktane AtmA, je adyaparyanta pitAnI ane prabhunI vacce jagata-rUpI eka aMtarAya anubhavatA hatA, te, jagatane brahmAnI mAyArUpe grahaNa karatAM, brahmanuM avyavahita sAMmukhya anubhavIne Anade che. atre eTaluM ja samajI levAnuM che ke jagatane AvirbhAva mAtra bhAyA ja nathI, paNa brahmanI mAyA che, ane e brahmAne vikAra ke bahirbhuta kArya nathI, paNa mAyA che. Ama brahma ane mAyA ema ubhaya pada upara bhAra mUkI vicArI jotAM spaSTa thaze ke vedAntI jagatathI para tattva svIkAre che, ane e paratatvane jagata sAthe, vastusthitimAM tema ja jJAnamAM, kharuM jotAM aviSya ane tAttvika saMbadha che ema mAne che. arthAta, jagatathI para (Transcendent) hAI jagatanA antaramAM (Immanent) e virAjamAna che ema vedAntasiddhAnta che paNa A aMtaramAM hovuM te jaDanI mAphaka bahi saMbadha vaDe saMbhavatuM nathI, mATe brahmanI sattAthI ja jagatanI sattA banI rahe che ema : "yaHsarveSu bhUteSu tiSThan sarvebhyo bhUtebhyo'ntaro yaM sarvANi bhUtAni na viduH yasya sarvANi bhUtAni zarIraM yaH sarvANi bhUtAnyantaro yamayatyeSa ta AtmAntaryAmyamRtaH" vAja0 brA0 u0

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110 mAyAvAda kahevuM yogya jaNAya che. jagata "brahmasattAnirUpitasattA" vALuM che, "mithyA che. brahmamAM "adhyasta" che ItyAdi vedAntazAstranI paribhASAnuM A ja tAtparya che. A rIte mAyAvAdane (1) tarkajALa, (2) anubhavaviruddha ke (3) anIzvaravAda mAnatAM e siddhAntane kevo anyAya thAya che e ApaNe joyuM. Aja e saMbadhI eka bIjo prazna vicAravAnuM che te e ke pApapuNyAdinItivyavasthAne (1) vighAta karanAra, athavA te (2) ene nirAdhAra banAvanAra A siddhAnta kema svIkArI zakAya?-ema nItinI tIvra lAgaNIvALA ghaNAka AtmAo bhAyAvAdanuM yathArtha svarUpa na samajI AkSepa kare che. AmAM keTaluM satya che ? - 1) pApapuNAdi-nItivyavasthAne mAyAvAdathI vighAta thAya che e kahevuM taddana bhUla bhareluM che. ane e bhUla "brahma satye anicchA" e kAryanA pUrva khaMDanI avagaNanA karavAthI thAya che. pUrve batAvyA pramANe bhAyAvAda jagatane mAtra niSedha karIne aTakatuM nathI, paNa vizeSamAM brahmanu advitIya astitva pratipAdana kare che. e vAta upara lakSa rAkhatAM turata samajAya ema che ke mAyAvAdathI nItivyavasthAne bhaMga thato nathI, paNa tene badale te e atyanta pAvatra svarUpa dhAraNa kare che. " ji " eTaluM ja kahetAM jagata sAthe nIti paNa UDI jAya, sata-rUpa tema ja kartavyarUpa samasta vastu "apratika eTale AdhArarahita thaI rahe, ane tattvavicAramAM ane kartavyavicAramAM zunyavAdane prasaMga Ave, e kharuM. paraMtu trajJa saca" eTaluM umeratAM, nItine vighAta na thatAM svarUpAntara thAya che-arthAt, nIti eka laukika vyavasthA mATI alaukika padArtha bane che ane prAkRta vyavahAranI adhamatAthI mukta thaI brahmanI pavitratAthI sIMcAya che. vaLI bIjuM -nItinI aihikatAne sthAne enI sArvatrikatA paNa tyAre ja - siddha thAya che ke jyAre ene AdhAra Ihaloka upara na rahetAM sarvaloka upara eTale Iha ane para ubhaya-saMgrAhaka sarvarUpa brahma upara, rahe che. TuMkAmAM, nItinuM vyAvahArikatva (Empirical svarUpa) TALI enuM pAramArthikatva (Transcendental svarUpa) sthApI ApavuM e zivAya mAyAvAdane nIti paratve anya uddeza nathI. sAmAnya nItivyavasthAmAM mAyAvAda phera kare che te eTale ja ke nItine svarUpAntara pamADavAmAM je je vRtti anukUla hoya tene paNa e nItivyavasthAmAM praveza karAve che eTale ke enA sAdhyane Na e nAtivANAntara pamADavAmAM mAyAvAda

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mAyAvAda 111 anukula sAdhanaprApti e Avazyaka gaNe che. e sAdhana prAptimAM atyAcAra thaI sAdhyanuM vismaraNa thaI jAya e bhAyAvAdane anya nItivAda jeTaluM ja aniSTa che. udAharaNa tarIke, araNyavAsa vairAgya Adi sAdhane paramAtmacitanane ane e dvArA paramArthabhUta nItisvarUpane anukUla ane Avazyaka che, ane teTale aMze bhAyAvAdane grAhya che. paraMtu emAM atyAcAra thaI sAdhya siddha karavAne badale sAdhananA anusaraNamAM ja je sarva yatna parisamApta thaI rahe te hAni che, e vAta paNa eTalI ja grAhya che. bhAyAvAdane yathArtharUpe samajI letAM emAM koIpaNa prakAranA atyAcArane saMbhava nathI e ApaNe hamaNuM ja joIzuM. paNa te pahelAM eTaluM kahevuM atre eTaluM dhyAnamAM rAkhavAnuM che ke amuka pravRtti sAdhyaparyavasAyinI che ke mAtra sAdhanamAM ja grasta che eno nirNaya vyaktinA anubhava uparathI karavAno nathI, paNa janasamaSTimAM amuka vyavasthA sAyane anukUla che ke pratikUla e jovAnuM che. upara batAvelo atyAcAra bauddha dharmamAM kevo sAdhAraNa thaI paDayo hato e sarvavidita che. ane e vicAratAM "satata vArya kArya zaramAvara'--e zrImadbhagavadgItAnA upadezanuM gaurava samajAze. te sAthe saMnyAsane sarvathA aniSTa mAnI AzramavyavasthAmAMthI kADhI ja nAMkho e paNa khoTuM che, ane tema karavA gItAnuM tAtparya nathI. $ hAnI nAnI bAbatamAM vairAgya AcaravAthI paNa kevo lAbha thAya che e che, jemsa vImAnuM dRSTAnta ApIne bahu sArI rIte samajAve che. e kahe che ke jyAre vikAra rUpI pracaDa agni prajavaLe che tyAre vImAmAM bharaNuM jevA hAnA nhAnA tyAga paNa AtmasamRddhi jALavI rAkhavA bahu upayogI thaI paDe che. " Asceticism of this sort is like the insurance which a man pays on his house and goods. The tax does him no good at the time, and possibly may never bring him a return. But if the fire does come, having paid it will be his salvation from ruin. So with the man who has daily insured himself to habits of concentrated attention, energetic volition, and selfdenial in unnecessary things. He will stand like a tower when everything rocks round him, and when his softer fellowmortals are winnowed like chaff in the blast." Prof. W. James' "Principles of Psychology," Vol. I. p. 126.

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112 mAyAvAda joIe ke A atyAcArane prasaMga mAyAvAdamAMene beTI rIte samajatAM paNa-jeTalo che teTalo dharmanA pAyA upara caNAelI dareka nItivyavasthAmAM che. kAraNa ke, jyAM jyAM dharma tyAM tyAM palaka upara abhiruci ane tadanukUla vartananI ISTatA svIkArAya che ja. paraMtu vAstavika rIte jotAM te atasiddhAntamAM e atyAcArane prasaMga nathI. Azcarya jevuM che ke je deSa vastutaH daitavAdane che te ja advaitasiddhAntane ApavAmAM Ave che ! juvo ke, paramAtmA ane jagatanA saMbandha paratve traNa siddhAnta banI zakeH (1) jagata ane paramAtmA ema bhinna ane ubhaya satya padArtho che, (2) Iha-jagatathI para paramAtmA evo padArtha ja nathI, (3) paramAtmAthI atirikta kAMI che ja nahi. have A traNanAM svarUpa upara lakSa ApatAM jaNAze ke bIjA ane trIjane, eTale anIzvaravAda ane sarvAtmavAdane vastutaH pUrvokta dUSaNa sparza karI zakatuM nathI, ane pahelAne eTale sezvara-daitavAdane ja ukta deSane prasaMga che. A rIte anIzvaravAda eka prakArane advaitavAda che kemake jyAM para evuM kAMI che ja nahi, tyAM iha ane para evuM baita nathI, ane tethI enI nItivyavasthA ihalokamAM ja samApta thaI jAya che. AthI yadyapi e vyavasthA dharmathI vicchinna nimla rahe che, tathApi ene anya padArthathI bAdha te thato nathI ja e spaSTa che. paraMtu sezvaradaitavAdIne jagata ane Izvara evA be vastutaH vibhinna padArtho mAnya che, ane tethI enI aihika (sAMsArika, vyavahArasaMbaMdhI) nItivyavasthA paralokanA vicArathI bAdhita thavI joIe. IzvaranI AjJA che ke jagamAM rahI sadAcAra pALavo ema kadAca uttara devAmAM Avaze. paNa IzvaranI AjJA che mATe jagatanI nIti pALavI e kalpanA vadhAre gya che ke vastutaH jagata IzvarathI atirikta nathI ema samajI laI brahmAnubhavarUpe jagatanI nIti AcaravI, ema kahevuM vadhAre sayukitaka che? jagat ane brahmane bheda e "aha" ane "para" ne bheda che, ane tethI bhedavAdI bhaktane jagatane vyavahAra tyajI Izvarane anyatra meLavavAnI icchA rahevAnI, ane Izvara upara ene khare ane utkRSTa prema hoya te rahevI paNa joIe ja. paraMtu sarvAtmabrahmavAdI atIne te jagata brahmAne avaccheda karI zakatuM nathI, jagata paNa brahmarUpa ja che, ane tethI eNe jagata tyajI brahmane ethI bahAra zodhavA javAnuM nathI, paNa jagatamAM ja-jagatanA vyavahAramAM ja-brahmane anubhava karavAno che. A rIte ene te sAMsArika nItivyavasthA brahmabhAvathI prakAzita thAya che, pavitra thAya che, anya pradezathI ene lepa thato nathI.

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' 113 (1) pApapuNyAdi vyavasthA mAyAvAda-advaitasiddhAnta-svIkAratAM nirAdhAra thaI jAya che ema kahevAya che; ane e kahevAmAM sthUladaSTie jotAM kAMIka satya paNa bhAse che kharuM. dvaita vinA vyavahAra asaMgata che e vAta yuktisiddha manAya che eTaluM ja nahi, paNa vedAntagranthAmAMthI A vicArane puSTi ApanArAM keTalAMka vAyA-vAyAbhAsA-TAMkavAmAM Ave tA emAM Azcarya nathI. paNa vAstavika rIte jotAM te A kalpanA vedAntasiddhAntane apUrNa vileAkavAthI ja utpanna thAya che, ane A bhUla veTTAntanA 'pratipakSIo tarathI ja karavAmAM Ave che ema nathI, paNa vedAntIomAMnA paNa ghaNA-mithyAvedAntIo AvI bhrAntimAM paDe che. mAyAvAda have sahaja UMDA utarI vicAratAM jaNAze ke manuSyaSyaktionI brahmamAM ekatA na heAya te emane paraspara vyavahAra ja na dhaTI zake. manuSye paraspara vAta karI tathA samajI zake che, paraspara peAtAnA vicAra batAvI grahaNa karI tathA sarakhAvI zake che, ane paraspara kartavya karI AtmatRpti meLave che-- e sarvethI eTaluM sUcita thAya che ke manuSyamAtramAM kAI eka evuM ekatAnuM tattva che, ke jene avalakhIne pUkita sarve vyavahAra saMbhavI zake che. pratyeka vyakti svamAM parisamApta haiAya te tenAthI bhinna khIjI vyakti viSe kazI vAta ja saMbhave nahi, ane prativyaktinuM jJAna mAtra avasthAvizeSa ja rahe, ane yathArtha jJAna--satyadRSTi-evA padArtha ja khatI zake nahi. ane e ja rIte savRtti paNa prativyakti bhinna TharavA jAya, ane sadghattinuM sarvasAmAnya nItidhAraNa ghaDI zakAya ja nahi. vyaktirUpa svanA karatAM manuSyanI adhikatA che ane e adhikatAmAM sarvenI ekatA che. A ekatArUpa adhikatAne athavA ulaTAvIne kahIe te adhikatA rUpa ekatAne vyavahAranA AcAramAM anubhavavI enuM nAma ja nIti che. A ekatAnuM khIja sarva dharmamAM mAnya che. keTalAka dharmavettA manuSyAne zvaranAM khAlakA kahe che, keTalAka emane IzvaranA aMzarUpa gaNe che, ane keTalAka emane zvarathI abhinna mAne che. paNa sarva eTaluM te svIkAre che ja ke manuSyanI kartavyarUpa nItivyavasthA enA zvira sAthenA saMbaMdhamAMthI ja udbhave che. jema eka tarapha krikSyaniTi nItitattvabhUta manuSyaprema (bhrAtRbhAva)ne Izvaraprema ( pitRbhakti ) mAMthI upajAvI le che, tema * "And this commandment have we from Him, That he who loveth God love his brother also" "This is the love of God that we keep his commandments" 15

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mAyAvAda 114 khIjI tarapha veTTAnta e ja vAta anya rIte--vadhAre spaSTa tattvajJAnanA zabdomAM --pratipAdana kare che. have jo eTaluM vicArIzuM ke jIva-zi vacce je pitAputrabhAva anI zake te vilakSaNa prakAranA ja heAvA joie, ane vaLI atre je praMzAMzibhAva manAya che te paNa jaDa padArthanA aMzAzibhAvane bilakula maLatA na heAI zake, te spaSTa samajAze ke e sarva siddhAntanuM eka ja tAtparya che athavA hAvuM joI e--te e ke jIva IzvarathI abhinna che, arthAta jIvamAtranI IzvaramAM ekatA che. ane tethI vedAnta A vastu nIce pramANe mUke che:---- yadA bhUtapRthagbhAvamekasthamanupazyati / tata eva ca vistAraM brahma saMpadyate tadA // bha0 gI0 "" ( jyAre e te te bhUtanA pRthabhAvane " ekastha " vikSeAke che, arthAta eka brahmarUpa tattvamAM emanI ekatA che ema samaje che, ane e sarvanA vistAra paNa e eka tattvabhUta brahmamAMthI ja thAya che ema jANe che, tyAre e brahmavAda prApta kare che.) hajI A viSayamAM eka avAntara zaka saMbhave che. keTalAka dvaitavAdIe ema batAve che ke ApaNAmAM je kartavyabuddhi rahelI che emAM ja peAtAnA karatAM adhika ane bhinna parama puruSanA astitvanA svIkAra antargata che. A parama puruSa adhika che e nirvivAda che. e mAtra puruSatAhIna (kaivala sata.) tattva nathI e paNa ApaNe svIkArIzuM, jo ke atre, puruSatA te manuSyanI puruSatA ema samajavAnuM nathI. prazna eTaleA ja rahe che ke e puruSa ApaNAthI, eTale jIvAtmAthI, bhinna che ke kema ? jo bhinna na hAya tA kantavyamuddhimAM je AjJAnuM bhAna thAya che te na thAya, kemake AjJAmAM svAmibhatyanA-sevyasevakanA--bheda raheze| ja che; Ama sezvaradvaitavAdIonuM kahevuM che. ApaNuM ( advaitabrahmavAdIonuM ) ema kahevuM che ke paramAtmA ane jIvAtmAnA saMbandha svAminRtyanyAye hAya teA kartavyasaMbandhI AjJA AcaravAmAM Ananda ja na Ave. Ananda na Ave eTaluM ja nahi paNa evI karttavyatA siddha ja na thAya; kAraNa ke jyAM sudhI kattavyatA AtmAnI ahAranA "A further difficulty is raised by reflection upon the nature of the moral life itself. If, as appears according to the view we are considering, this consists, in obedience to a law which is surely "given," it does not require much insight to see that, however august the authority upon which it

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bhAyAvAda 115 tava upara AdhAra rAkhe tyAM sudhI prazna rahevAne ke kartavya AcaravuM evI IzvaranI AjJA bhale hoya, paNa mAre e zA mATe anusaravI? IzvaranI che mATe? IzvaramAM evuM zuM tatva raheluM che ke jene lIdhe enI AjJA pALavI e bhAre dharma che ? zakti vizuddhi Adi guNasaMgrAhaka Izvaratva? ethI te mane Izvara prati bhaya ke bhAna utpanna thAya, paNa teTalA mATe mAre enI AjJA anusaravI e zI rIte phalita thayuM? IzvaranI che mATe anusaravI emAM svataHsiddhapaNuM zuM che? ane svataHsiddha hevuM e te kartavyatAnuM Avazyaka svarUpa che. atavedAntIne te kartavya AcaraNamAM AtmAne AtmalAbha thAya che. TuMkAmAM-kartavya e mAtra zekha ke sacine viSaya nathI paNa amuka prakAranI vilakSaNa AjJA che e eka taraka siddha che; bIjI tarapha e paNa siha che ke A AjJAne anusaravAmAM ja AtmAnuM kharUM svAtaMtrya che. Ama eka taraphathI svAtaMtrya ane bIjI taraphathI AjJA (pAratanya) e benI saMgati "abheda" "mAyA" "avidyA" Adi dvArA sadhAya che. sudarzana, mArca sane 1899. rests, this authority itself can only be grounded upon a force majeure. In other words, the interest which man takes in it can only be an indirect one, having been made artificially to attach to it by means of threatened punishments and promised rewards. But what is this again but the destruction of morality, for whatever else morality may be, it is univers sally acknowledged by all who reflect upon it to be something more than slavish submission to a superior will on the ground of its superior power." Muirhead's Elements of Ethics pp. 78-88-84,

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jagyAdi bhAvanA" - - - "mithyAdi bhAvanA , [" na pravAmi ag JsthadimadAra - vpavAra pugAya pApAya paradanama "] 'yogavAsiSTha rAmAyaNamAM vasiSTha muni upadeze che - bandho hi vAsanAbandho mokSaH syAdvAsanAkSayaH / vAsanAstvaM parityajya mokSArthitvamapi tyaja // mAnasIrvAsanAH pUrvaM tyaktvA viSayavAsanAH / maiJyAdibhAvanAnAmnIgRhANAmalavAsanAH // tA apyantaH parityajya tAbhirvyavaharannapi / antaHzAntatamasneho bhava cinmAtravAsanaH // tAmapyantaH parityajya manobuddhisamanvitAm / zeSe sthirasamAdhAno yena tyajasi taM tyaja // jene spaSTAthe A prakAre che - "vAsanAthI thaele badhu te bandha, ane vAsanAne kSaya te mokSa. tuM vAsanAne tyajI de, ane e tyAgamAM sAdhanabhUta je mokSanI icchA tene paNa pAchaLathI tyajI de. prathama viSayavAsanA tyaja, ane pachI mAnasavAsanA tyaja. A malina vAsanAone tyAga karI, maithyAdi bhAvanA nAmanI je nirmaLa-pavitra-vAsanAo che enuM grahaNa kara. paNa eTalethI aTakavAnuM nathI. e karatAM AgaLa jaI, e nirmaLa vAsanAne paNa antaramAMthI tyAga karI, (antamAMthI, bahArathI nahi, kemake bahAra te misyAdibhAvanAthI thato vyavahAra kAyama rAkhavo ucita che.) Asaktirahita thaI, loka-zAstra ane deha-vAsanA te viSayavAsanA; daMbhadapadi zrImabhagavadagItAmAM varNavelI "AsurI saMpata' te mAnasavAsanA. athavA, bIjI rIte-zabdasparzarUparasagandha rUpI viSayonA bhAgakAlamAM utpanna thatA saMskAra te viSayavAsanA; ane e viSaya prati kAmanAnA kAlamAM utpanna thatA sarakAra te mAnasavAsanA sAmAnya rIte ekane bAhyavAsanA ane bIjIne AtaravAsanA kahI zakAya.

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, "bhavyAdi bhAvanA" 117 citmAtravAsanAnuM grahaNa karavuM. paraMtu A dazA paNa pUrNatAnI nathI. ene paNa aMtamAMthI tyajI, e karatAM paNa eka bhUmikA AgaLa vadhavAnI jarUra che. ema vadhatAM paramAtmAnI je avazeSa-paravastu-te AvI ubhI rahe che, ane enI samatAmAM sthira vazI javuM e parama dazA che. e dazA prApta thatAM, e dazAnuM je sAdhana te have nirarthaka hovAthI tyajI devAnuM che. tyajI devAne yatna karavAnI paNa jarUra raheze nahi; parama dazA kharekhara prApta thaI haze te e svayaM kSarI paDaze." uparanA upadezamAM darzAvela sAdhanajhama A rItane che - (1) bAhya malina vAsanAne tyAga. (2) Antara malinavAsanAne tyAga. (3) nirmaLa vAsanAnuM-methyAdi bhAvanAonuM-grahaNa. (4) vicAra ane vivekarUpI jJAnadazAmAM ene laya. (5) viveka-jJAna-ne paramAtmasAkSAtkAramAM eTale "sama ane kazeSa' (1ra) padArthanA vijJAnamAM laya-sthira samAdhi. have A pAMca bhUmikAomAM madhya bhUmikA bhavyAdi bhAvanA che, jenI eka bAjue bAhya ane Antara vairAgya, ane bIjI bAjue apara ane para jJAna rahelAM che. A pAMcenuM spaSTIkaraNa karavA jatAM bahu vistAra thaI jAya, mATe emAMthI mAtra eka ja bhUmikA AjanA vyAkhyAna mATe laIzuM, ane te trIjI bhUmikA; kAraNa ke e sarvanuM nAbhisthAna che, ane dehalIdIpakanyAjha baMne tarapha prakAza pADI zake che; eka tarapha e vairAgyane ramaNIya, rasamaya ane sArthaka banAve che, ane bIjI tarapha paramAtmAnA aparokSa jJAnane sulabha ane yathArtha karI Ape che. AvA viSaya upara svatanna carcAne bahu avakAza che, tathApi Aja te eka pratiSThita saMskRta granthane avalaMbI atre thoDuMka pratipAdana karIzuM * cinmAtravAsanA eTale mana-buddhirUpI cetanyanA vicAra viveka ityAdi jJAnAtmaka vyApAra-je vaDe amuka kArya ucita che, amuka nathI, evI viveka daSTi prApta thAya che, tathA maiyAdi bhAvanAne AcAra abdha preraNuM, abdha Aveza (Blind impulses) maTI jJAnasvarU5 (Rational insight) bane che. 4 umarA upara mUkelA dIvAnI mAphaka.

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118 mithyAdi bhAvanA" jethI vAcakane vadhAre vizvAsapUrvaka samajAze ke ApaNuM zAstro mitrI karuNa' Adi bhAvanAnA sadAcArane kevuM mahatva ape che, tathA bhagavAna pataMjali jevA gIo paNa ene veganuM kevuM sAdhana mAne che! A bhAvanAonAM svarUpa ane prayojana pataMjali munie A rIte sUtra racI samajAvyAM che:-"maitrIvApamuripekSA nulupuSyapuSisari marSanAMtacittAvAvana" arthAta, ka "sukha du:kha puNya ane pApa viSayaka' krame karI mitrI kasraNa muditA ane upakSAnI bhAvanA karavAthI cittaprasAda prApta thAya che. atre AraMbhamAM ja prazna thaze ke "cittaprasAda" eTale zuM? "cittaprasAda"eTale aMtaHkaraNane nimeLa Ananda. saMskRtamAM "prasAda' zabdanA be artha thAya cheH (1) nirmaLatA ane (2) Ananda. A bIjo artha gujarAtImAM rUDha che, paraMtu saMskRtamAM ubhaya artha svIkArAelA che e uparathI eka mahattvane tattvavicAra phalita thaI Ave che ke nirmaLatA ane Ananda vacce bahu nikaTa saMbadha che. e ughADuM ja che ke Ananda hoya tyAM nirmaLatA hoya evo niyama nathI, tathApi nirmaLatAmAM Ananda samAelo cheH sAkSAt rIte svataH samAelo che ke vizvayatnamAM nirmaLatAne lAMbe pariNAme AnandarUpI badale maLe che, e jude prazna che, ane ene vicAra atre prastuta nathI. prakRtamAM eTaluM ja kahevuM basa che ke A sUtramAM je "cittaprasAda" sAdhyarUpe nido che, temAM Ananda tema ja enuM kAraNa nirmaLatA ubhayane samAveza vivakSita che - arthAta sAdhake AntarAvalokanathI nakkI karavAnI bAbata e che ke je Ananda utpanna thayo che te nirmaLa che ke emAM paramAtmAthI bhinna evA keIpaNa malina padArthane gabdha rahyo che. A dvitIya pakSa samajAya te sAdhake vRthA katakRtyatAne daMbha na karatAM A sUtramAM darzAvele bhAge punaH punaH pravRtti karavI, arthAta maithyAdi bhAvanA AcaravI-jethI kharo "cittaprasAda" nAma nirmaLa Ananda prApta thaze ema pataMjali munine upadeza che. cittane malina karanArA padArtha cAra cheH rAga, deva, puNya ane pApa. have rAga hepa kene kahevA, e vAta pataMjali munie A pramANe samajAvI cheH "guNAnu rAja - guNAnurAthI jeSaH " prANImAtrane sukhI" "dukhI Adi na kahetAM "sukha" "duHkha' kahevAmAM ja atre padArthanuM bAhulya sUcavavA uparAMta vyaktinI gauNutA darzAvavAno hetu che.

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maityAdi bhAvanA" 119 svabhAvathI ja sukha upara sneha hoya che, ane tethI sukhane anubhava thatAM, tema ja e thaI gayA pachI, "mane sarva prakAranuM sukha he" evI sukhaviSayaka eka vRtti udaya pAme che; enuM nAma "rAga che. paraMtu A vRtti kadI saMpUrNa saMtevI zakAya ema nathI, kemake keTalAMka sukha alabhya che ane keTalAMka durlabha hoI duHkhamizra che; eTaluM ja nahi paNa sukhe asaMkhya che; temAM keTalAMka daSTa che, keTalAMka adaSTa che; jagatamAM ja daSTa-adaSTa che eTaluM ja nahi paNa vaLI keTalAMka adaSTa sukhe jema A lokanAM che tema keTalAMka svargalekanAM che, je sarva saMpAdana karI zakavA mATe manuSya pAse joItAM sAdhano ja nathI. A rIte sukhasaMpAdanane abhAve rAga cittane DahoLI nAMkhe che, malina kare che. A malinatArUpa pariNAma nivAravAnuM sAdhana eka che. jyAre sukhI prANuomAM A sarve sukhe che te mArAM ja che, e prakAranI maitrInI bhAvanA kare tyAre emanuM sukha e pitAnuM ja anubhavAya che ane ema bhAvanA thatAM rAganI nivRtti thAya che; jema pitAne rAjyAbhAva chatAM putrAdinuM rAjya e potAnuM ja mAnavAthI thAya che, te rIte. A rAganI nivRtti thaI eTale jema varSa (mAsuM) gayA pachI zaraRtunI nadI nirmaLa thAya che tema citta nirmaLa thAya che. e ja pramANe, "duHkhAnuzayI" -eTale duHkhane anubhava thatAM ane thaI gayA pachI "AvuM duHkha mane kadI na thAo evI duHkhaviSayaka je aneka vRtti utpanna thAya che tenuM nAma devuM. have jyAM sudhI zatravyAdhrAdi che tyAMsudhI duHkhanuM sarvathA nivAraNa thaI zakatuM nathI. je je kAraNathI dukha pedA thAya che te sarvane nAza thavo azakya che, tethI e diSa" hamezAM hRdayane bALe che. paraMtu "mArI mAphaka anya keIne paNa duHkha na thAo e prakAre dukhI prANIomAM je karuNAnI bhAvanA kare te virAdi dveSanI nivRtti thaI, citta prasanna thAya che. mATe smRti kahe che ke "prANA yathAtmano'bhISTA bhUtAnAmapi te tthaa| Atmaupamyena bhUtAnAM dayAM kurvIta mAnavaH // " ="prANu jema pitAne vahAlA che tema bhUta mAtrane paNa che. mATe manuSya pitAno dAkhalo laI bhUtamAtramAM dayA karavI joIe." A dayAne prakAra mahAna puruSoe A rIte darzAvyo che - "sarve'tra sukhina: santu sarve santu nirAmayAH / sarve bhadrANi pazyantu mA kazciddaHkhamApnuyAt " ||

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120 maLyAdi bhAvanA" ="sarve atre sukhI hai, sarve nirAmaya che. sarve kalyANa anubha, kaI dukha na pAme." A pramANe rAga-dveSathI citta malina thAya che. ane e baMnene badale krame karI maitrI ane karuNa sthApavAnI prasannatA -nirmaLatA ane Ananda-Ave che. * have "muditA' ane upekSAnA svarUpanuM nirvacana karIe. juvo ke prANIo avidyArUpa svabhAva thakI ja puNyathI dUra rahe che, ane pApamAM pravarte che! kahyuM che ke - "puNyasya phalamicchanti puNyaM necchanti mAnavAH / na pApaphalamicchanti pApaM kurvanti yatnataH // ="manuSya puNyanuM phala-sukha-te Icche che paNa puNya IcchatA nathI; pApanuM phala-dukha-te icchatA nathI, chatAM yatnapUrvaka-jANuM joIne, ughADI AMkhe-pApa kare che kharA!" A puNyapApa pazcAttApa utpanna kare che-je pazcAttApanuM zruti varNana kare che ke -"ravAmahaM sAdhu nANAra vimarda vivmavArajU"=huM puNya karavAmAM kema cUke? meM pApa kema karyuM ?" e pramANe have je manuSya puNyazAlI puruSomAM "muditA'nI bhAvanA kare- arthAta emanAmAM prIti rAkhe ane emanAM kRtyathI prasanna thAya, e kanuM anumodana kare ityAdi, te e "muditA"khya vAsanA-bhAvanA-ne pariNAme e svayaM vinApramAde puNyamAM pravarte. ane e ja rIte je pApI purUSamAM e upekSAnI bhAvanA kare, arthAta emanA pratye udAsIna rahe ane emanAM kRtyo tarapha aruci rAkhe te e pite paNa pApathI nivRtti pAme. ane A rIte, puNyamAM khAmI na AvavAthI, ane pApathakI nivRtta rahevAthI, pazcAttApanuM kAraNa rahetuM nathI; ane pazcAttApane abhAve citta prasanna rahe che. atre eTaluM jovA jevuM che ke pApa karI pApane mATe pazcAttApa na kare evA svarUpane cittaprasAda granthakArane abhISTa nathI- paNa je egya rIte pazcAttAparahita dazA che e dazA ja citta prasAdanI ane gaNelI che. upara kahyuM ke maitrInI bhAvanA karavAthI "rAganI nivRtti thAya che. paraMtu "rAga'nI ja nivRtti thAya che ema nathI, asUyA Idi doSanI paNa thAya che. pArakAnA guNa sahana na karavA tenuM nAma "Iyo ane emanA guNane sthAne doSa dekhADavA e asUyA'. jyAre "maitrIne lIdhe pArakAnuM sukha te pitAnuM ja thaI rahyuM tyAM asUyAdikano saMbhava ja zo? ane

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tyAdi bhAvanA" 121. A rIte bIjA dezonI nivRtti paNa yathocita samajI levI. vaLI, dukhImAM karuNAnI bhAvanA karavAthI zatruvadhAdi utpanna karanAra panI jema nivRtti thAya che, tema anya dukhI che, ane huM kevo sukhI chuM evA bhAvamAMthI utpanna thatA darpa paNa nivRtta thAya che. e darpa te e ja ke je bhagavadgItAmAM nIce pramANe varNavyo che- zvarodamA~ moga sidaM vastravAna | ADhyo'bhijanavAnasmi ko'nyAsti sadRzo mayA // " =huM rAjA chuM, zeTha chuM mAre aneka sArA sArA bhegavavAnA padArtho * che, huM parama gatie pahoMcI cUkyo chuM, huM balavAna chu, sukhI chuM, dhanADhayA chuM, kulIna chuM. mArA jevuM keNa che?" "muditAnA saMbandhamAM eka zaMkA thaze ke puNyazAlI puruSamAM muditA'nI bhAvanA karavAthI pariNAme puNyapravRtti thaze ema je kahyuM te yogIne mATe barAbara nathI; kAraNa puNya malina zAstravAsanAno eka bhAga che. A zaMkAne uttara ke-punarjanma utpanna karanArU evuM je IcchApUrtAidikAmyakarmarUpI puNya te ja malina manAyuM che. ane atre te yogAbhyAsajanya, azuklakRSNakahevAthI punarjanma na kare evuM je puNya, te vivikSita che. pataMjali kahe che ke "vamazukaasi binazvivimitapA" azuklakRSNa karma te gInuM; zukla, kRNu ane zuklakRSNaema traNa prakAranuM anya janone" vihita karma te "zukla' kAraNa ke e vihita cheH niSiddha te "kRNuM; ane mizra te "zuklakRSNa. A pAchaLa batAveluM trividha karma trividha janma utpanna kare che. vizvarUpAcArye kahyuM che ke - "zubhairApnoti devatvaM niSiddhArakI gatim / mAkhyAM puvNaurrkhyA mAnuSya 4teDarara che" ="zubha karmoe karI devatva prApta thAya che, niSiddha karmo thakI naraka, ane ubhaya thakI-puNya ane pApa thakI-manuSyAvatAra; emAM prANunuM cAle ema nathI." kadAca atre zaMkA thaze ke kega niSiddha nathI paNa vihita che, mATe e "NuM" nathI paNa "zukala karma che. te uttara ke e kAmya karma nathI ane tethI enI "zukalamAM gaNanA nathI. mATe zukala eTale kAmya, kRSNa eTale niSiddha ane zukalakRSNa eTale miza, evAM trividha "azukalakRNuM puNya te zuM e nIce samajAvyuM che.

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122 vyiAdi bhAvanA" karmomAM gInI pravRtti thatI nathI. paraMtu yogI je puNyazAlI janAmAM muditAnI bhAvanA karaze te pote ja puNyamAM pravartaze tenuM kema? te uttara ke-bhale pravarte. gIo puNyamAM na pravarte evuM kAMI nathI. tema ja puNyamAM pravarte te saghaLA yogIe ema paNa nathI. je maitryAdi bhAvanAo vaDe cittaprasAda sAdhe enuM nAma pAgI che. vyAdi bhAvanA e upalakSaNa che-arthAta e uparAMta enI sAthe kAma saravaraMguddhi ityAdi devI saMpata," "amAnitvamamitra ityAdi jJAnasAdhana, tathA jIvanmukta sthitaprajJa AdinA je dharmo kahyA che te sarve samajI levAnAM che. kAraNake A sarve malina vAsanAonI nivRtti kare che. paNa kaheze ke "zubha vAsanAo te ananta che. eka jaNathI sarvane abhyAsa zI rIte thaI zake ? na thaI zake te e abhyAsa karavAne prayatna vRthA che." uttara ke-ananta zubha vAsanAo jenI nivRtti kare che evI ananta malina vAsanAo kAMI eka puruSamAM ja AvI vasatI nathI. AyurvedamAM kahelAM sarva ASadho eka ja jaNa laI zake ema hotuM nathI, ane e auSadha jenI nivRtti kare che evA sarve rega eka ja vyakitanA dehamAM ekaThA thaelA hotA nathI. mATe tAtparya e che ke dareka jaNe potAnuM citta prathama tapAsI, temAM jyAre jyAre ane jeTalI jeTalI malina vAsanAone udaya thAya tyAre tyAre ane teTalI teTalI e malina vAsanAnI vidhI zubha vAsanAone abhyAsa karavo. jemake-putramitrakalatrAdika uparanA mehAtmaka snehathI pIDAtA manuSya emanAthI virakta thaI saMnyAsa dhAraNa karavo, tema vidyAmada, dhanamada, kulAcAramada vagere malina vAsanAthI pIDAtA puruSe tadirodhI vivekane abhyAsa karo. e vivekanuM svarUpa janake A rIte darzAvyuM che - adya ye mahatAM mUni te dinainipatantyadhaH / hanta citta mahattAyAH kaiSA vizvastatA tava // ka dhanAni mahIpAnAM brahmaNaH ka jaganti vaa| prAktanAni prayAtAni keyaM vizvastatA tava // koTayo brahmaNAM yAtA gatAH srgprNpraaH| prayAtAH pAMsuvadbhapAH kA dhRtirmama jIvite //

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123 mithyAdi bhAvanA" yeSAM nimeSaNonmeSau jagatAM prlyodyau| tArA puruSA nA mAdaza bhAva vA (="Aja je mahAna punA agrasthAne birAje che te ja vaLI keTaleka divase bhraSTa thaIbagaDI-nIce paDe che, to pachI tArA cittanI mahattA upara tane ATalo badho vizvAsa che? hoTA mahIpationAM dhane cAlyAM gayAM, are! brahmAnAM Aja sudhI karelAM asaMkhya jagate paNa cAlyAM gayAM, tyAM tane tArI samRddhi upara vizvAsa kema paDe che? jagato to zuM paNa emane sarjanAra brahmAe paNa karaDe thaI gayA, sRSTionI paraMparAo cAlI gaI, rAjAe reNuvata UDI gayA, naSTa thaI gayA-tyAM "huM jIvIza" evI khAtarI zI? jemaNe AMkha mIcavI vA ughADavI eTalAne artha jagatane pralaya ane udaya thAya che-evA evA puruSo naSTa thaI gayA tyAM mArA jevAnI te gaNanA ja zI?"). AvI AvI bhAvanAo karI cittane yogya dizAmAM paramAtmA tarapha preravuM. rega pramANe auSadhopacAra kare, ane e rIte karatAM, dhIme dhIme paramasiddhi prApta thaze. ThIka ja kahyuM che ke - 'yathA sunipuNaH samyak paradoSekSaNe rataH / tathA cenipuNaH sveSu ko na mucyeta bandhanAt // ' (="manuSyane pArakAnA deSa jovA game che, ane tethI te emAM je kuzaLa che, te ja je e pitAnA deSa tapAsavAmAM Ananda laI e zodhI kADhavAmAM nipuNa thAya te ajJAnakRta badhamAMthI keNu mukta : na thAya ? "). ATalethI ja Ajane lekha samApta karIzuM. vAcakane smaraNa haze ke gayA okaTobara mAsanI "vicAramAlA mAM kahyuM hatuM ke "duHkhanI nivRtti paNuM "duHkha mAtra mithyA che" ema kahIne karavAnI nathI, paNa hadaya guhAmAM "alakha jagAvIne karavAnI che-ane A "alakha jagAvavA mATe nIti (satkarma), jJAna, dhyAna, prema Adi aneka sAdhana che; jemAMnuM eka paNa niravadhi Ananda upajAvI zake che, te pachI sarva ekatra thAya tyAM zuM kahevuM. A sarva saMbadhe mahAre bahu kahevAnuM che, paraMtu e te vaLI

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124 . mithyAdi bhAvanA" , kaI bIje prasaMge lekha dvArA kahIza.'--A vacanane anusarI "nIti (sakarma)" e ApaNuM zAzvemAM vegasAdhananuM kevuM mahattvanuM aMga manAyuM che, e Aja pradhAnapaNe batAvyuM. have (vAcaka pAse, punarukti mATe kSamA yAcI) nIcenA siddhAnto ApaNe e vicAra tema ja AcAramAM hameza mATe smaraNamAM rAkhavAnA che, eTalo nizcaya karIzuM - (1) cittaprasAda eTale kevaLa Ananda nahi, paNa nirmaLatAjanya Ananda. . (2) malina vAsanAone tyAga karmarahita thavAthI thatuM nathI, paNa tadirethI pavitra vAsanAne udaya thavAthI thAya che. (3) A pavitra vAsanA te maitrI' "karUNA, "muditA, upekSA e cAra bhAvanA temaja "daivI saMpa', anya jJAnasAdhana, jIvanmukti sthitaprajJa AdinA je dharma kahyA che te sarve, ItyAdi. (4) triI" ane "kANuM e vicAranI dazAmAMthI AcAramAM pariNa bhavIja joIe--ane tema thavA mATe muditA" ane "upekSA" upayogI che. (5) gI purUSa puNya-satkarma-thI nivRtta thato nathI, ane pApamAM pravartatuM nathI. satkarma-niSkAma satkarmamAM-pravRtti ane pApathI nivRtti e megInAM khAsa lakSaNa che. (6) pote potAnA deSarU5 AtmAga-anyanA devata-zodhI kAThI, e dUra karavA mATe saMnyAsa viveka Adi yogya auSadha-sevana karavuM. [ dhyAnamAM levAnuM che ke-janakanI ukita tema ja evAM evAM bIjAM paNa nAnAprakAranAM sAdhanavacane hadayamAM daDhAvavA mATe, aneka dezonA ItihAsa, aneka mahAna punAM caritro, aneka bhavya ane sundara pratibhAthI ubharAtAM kA, nATaka, navalakathAoenuM adhyayana paNa bahu upayogI che.] [sudarzana varSa 15, aMka 5]

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, 125 viveka ane abheda 17 viveka ane abheda ApaNuM anubhavamAM je padArtho-vastutaH judA chatAM-ekaThA thaI gaelA bhAse che, ene judA pADIne jevA enuM nAma "vivekajha. vedAntazAstra-jemAM nyAya sAMkhya Adi sarva zAstra parisamApta pAme che-emA 'viveka be prakArane varNavyo che - (1) nityAnityavahuviveka (2) Atma-anAtmaviveka have A ubhayanuM svarUpa vicArIe. e vicAravA mATe viveka paratve jagatanA tatvajJAnanA ItihAsamAM kevA kevA siddhAnta udabhavyA che e joIe. ane chevaTe vivekanI pAra jaI abheda siddhAnta sthApavA kevA yatno thayA che e paNa avakIe. (1) nityaniyavastu-viveka manuSya ane anya prANIomAM eka mukhya bheda e che ke anya prANuo mAtra vartamAna upara ja daSTi rAkhI zake che, tattvajJAnanuM bIja ane manuSya bhUta bhaviSya ane vartamAna traNene pitAnI najara AgaLa sthApI pitAnA hitAhitano vicAra karI zake che. udAharaNa tarIke, gAya AgaLa ghAsa nAMkhazo te jeTaluM ghAsa enI vartamAna bhUkha zAnta karavA mATe joIze teTaluM badhu e khAI jaze. paraMtu, ethI ene bIje divase taddana bhUkhyA rahevuM paDe ema haze te paNa, e divasa mATe kAMIka bhUkhyA rahIne paNa thoDuM rAkhavuM ThIka che evo vicAra ene AvI zakaze nahi. paraMtu manuSya potAnI vartamAna bhUkhane ardha zAnta karIne paNa bIje divase taddana bhUkhe maravuM na paDe e mATe goThavaNa rAkhaze. arthAt sudhAzAtirUpI anitya sukha sAthe jIvavA rUpI (pramANamAM) nitya sukhanI sarakhAmaNI karavI e manuSyathI thaI zake che, anya prANaothI thaI zakatuM nathI. manuSyamAM jeone adhika vicArazakti prApta thaI che, e A janmanA vicArathI na aTakatAM janmAntara-parajIvanane * keTalAMka prANIomAM kAMIka Avo vicAra jovAmAM Ave che khareH kIDIo kazuM saMdhare che, ane kUtarU reTalo jamInamAM dATI mUke che. paNa

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1ra6 viveka ane abheda vicAra karI zake che, ane enI sukhanI abhilASA aihika sukhamAM samApta na thatAM, Amumbika-parajIvananA, svargAdikanA-sukhane paNa lakSI zake che. paNa A karatAM adhika vicArazIla manuSyane vicAra thayA vinA rahetA nathI ke "sukhanI lITI game teTalI laMbAvIe, A janmAntaranAM ane svarganAM sukho eka ekamAM umeratAM anubhavatA jaIe te paNa zuM?--e sukha te badhAM anitya cheH zrama ane sukha, sukha ane zrama e krama hamezAM cAlyo ja javAne?--kaI evuM sukha nathI ke je nitya hoya?--je eka eka vakhata prApta karyA pachI satata cAlyA ja kare ? jemAM zramanuM-dukhanuM lezabhAra paNa saMmizraNa na hoya? Ama eka taraphathI jema sukhAbhilASA manuSyane nitya padArtha tarapha dore che, tema bIjI taraphathI satya-jijJAsA paNa ene A anitya dekhAvanI pAchaLa nitya satya zuM che ema prazna pUchAvI, e nitya padArthanI zodhamAM prere che. A rIte sukhAbhilASA ane satyajijJAsA ubhaya ene eka ja prazna upara-A kSaNe kSaNe pharatI citrAvaLInA paTasthAne, A ahaniza cAlatA vizvacakranA nAbhisthAne, virAjate nitya padArtha zo che? e prazna upara-lAvI mUke che. A praznanA uttara ApaNuM dezanA tema ja grIsa vagere pAzcama dezanA tattvacintakee aneka rIte ApyA che. keTalAke vicAryuM zetruthI pleTe ke jala sarvatra che, vanaspati vagerenI utpatti ane vRddhi - jala upara AdhAra rAkhe che, mATe jala e A vizvanuM AdikAraNa-nitya padArtho-che. A ja pramANe, keTalAkane tarka teja upara gayo. keTalAkane vAyu upara, keTalAkane AkAza upara, ane keTalAkane pamANu upara ane paMcamahAbhUta upara gayo. (A vicAranI prathama bhUmikA.) paNa pRthvI-jaLa-teja-vAyu-AkAza-paramANu e sarva dazya jagatanA ja peTAmAM nathI paDatAM ? e dazya jagatanA vizeSa mAtra ja nathI ? mATe, aniya dazya jagatanI pAchaLane-pArane nitya adhikAnarUpa padArtha te A sahaja preraNA che-jemAMthI AgaLa vadhatAM manuSyano viveka prakaTa thAya che. A preraNAne ane vivekane taddana asaMbaddha mAnavAne krizcayana saMpradAya bhUlabharelo che. chatAM, manuSyamAM ane anya prANIomAM upara jaNAvyo che te vivekanA vikAsamAM bheda che e bAbata keI pADI zakaze nahi.

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viveka ane abheda 127 "sAmAnya sat " ema kahevuM vadhAre ucita che, A rIte, "sata - sAmAnya sat '--e jagatanuM adhikAna-kAraNa karyuM. (A vicAranI dvitIya bhUmikA.) A adhikAna-kAraNa ane enA dazya vivartI-bemAMthI keTalAke ekane niSedha karyo, keTalAke bIjAne karyo ane keTalAke ubhayane svIkArya harbarTa spensara vagere keTalAka tatvacintake parama tatvane aya mAne che ema A prAcIne e mAnyuM nathI. emaNe e "sata ne ya mAnyuM manuSyamAM indriya ane buddhi evA be jJAnanAM kAra mAnyAM; ane jagataindriyagrAhya, ane "sata " atIndriya-paNa buddhigrAha, ema vyavasthA karI. tathA-grAhya ane grAhaka maLatAM hovAM joIe e niyamAnusAra, jagata IndriyagrAhya mATe jaDa, ane sata buddhigrAhya mATe vijJAnarUpa; e bemAM vijJAna e bimba, ane jaDa e pratibimba-ema mAnyuM. ane e rIte eka prakAranA advaitavAdane svIkAra karyo. A thelsathI pleTa paryantane pazcimanA tattvajJAnane ItihAsa thayo. (2) Atma-anAtma viveka prAcIna tavacintakAne A karatAM--dazya ane tadadhiSThAnabhUta satanA viveka karatAM--adhika tattvajJAna prApta thayuM na hatuM ema tatvajJAnanA ItihAsakAre kahe che. vicAramAM AthI AgaLa vadhatAM, zaMkA thAya che ke dazya ane sata sarva bhrAntimAtra ja hoya ema na bane? bane De tyAre te sarva zunya ja thaI rahyuM, kAMI na ja rahyuM ? ema thAya te paNa zuM? vastutaH ema thatu nathIH sarvanA niSedhamAM niSedhakartAne niSedha AvatuM nathI-viSayamAtrane niSedha karyA chatAM eka evo padArtha rahe che ke jeno niSedha banI zakato nathI, e padArtha te niSedhakata pote ja-AtmA. zaMkara bhagavAna eka sthaLe kahe che tema "ya eva hi nirAkartA tadeva hi tasya svarUpam" ke A kahevuM ApaNuM tatvajJAnane lAgu paDatuM nathI. pleTa mATe paNa e saMpUrNa satya nathI ema A lekhakanuM mAnavuM che. hAlamAM pro. sijavikana Do. mArTinenA nItizAstra saMbaMdhe eka lekha bahAra paDyo che, emAM A (lekhakanA) vicArane puSTi maLI che,

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128 viveka ane abheda ="je nirAkartA e ja enuM svarUpa." A DekorTanuM tatvajJAna. A samayathI pAzcAtya tattavajJAnanA arvAcIna yugane AraMbha. A Atma-anAtmavivekane pazcima dezamAM prathama prakAza. (A vicAranI tRtIya bhUmikA.). DekorTe AtmA ane anAtmA yAne cita ane jaDa evA be svatanna atyantabhinna padArtho mAnyA. paraMtu e bene saMbadha zo che, zI rIte thAya che, ene e khulAso ApI zako nahi. dvatIo e khulAso ApI zakatA ja nathI--ApaNe tyAM niyAyike ane sAMkhyo paNa eTalA ja kAraNathI e khulAso ApI zakyA nathI. DekArDane Atma-anAtmaviveka chevaTa sudhI viveka ja rahyo. abhedajJAnamAM e paryavasAna pAmI zakyA nahi. (3) mera pazcimanA tattvajJAnanA ItihAsamAM AgaLa vadhatAM-DekArTa pachI mahAna tattvajJAnI spinejhA Ave che. spinejhAe DekarTanI mAphaka spijhA AtmA-anAtmAne cita ane jaDane-be svatanna, atyo bhinna padArtho na mAnatA, baMnene eka ja "sAmAnya sata' padArthanA vizeSa-vikAre-vivartI mAnyA. paNa jema DekArTanA tattvajJAnamAM jaDa citathI bahAra rahyuM hatuM-anAtmA AtmAthI atyantabhinna rahyo hato tema spijhAnA tattvajJAnamAM sAmAnya sata-padArtha jaDa ane citaAtmA-anAtmA-ubhayathI bahAra rahyoH "sAmAnya sata 'mAMthI jaDa ane cita zI rIte phalita thAya che eno khulAso apAya nahi $ DekorTanuM kaeNta TALavAne spiojhAne prayatna vyartha gayo. jema DekorTamAM chevaTa sudhI Atma-anAtmaviveka kAyama rahyo, tema spinajhAmAM Atma- " anAtmavivekane abhedajJAnamAM vilaya pamADavA jatAM, eka pAsa sAmAnya nirvizeSa sata ane bIjI pAsa AtmA ane anAtmAnuM yugala-e be vacce aNadhAryo bheda utpanna thayo; DekArDanuM eka prakAranuM daita, spinejhAnuM anya prakAranuM daita; paNa ubhaya daita ja. (A vicAranI caturtha bhUmikAne dakSiNa khaMDa.) sAdhAraNa rIte spinejhAnuM tattvajJAna A pramANe ja samajavAmAM Ave che. A lekhakane A samajaNanI yathArthatA mATe kAMIka zaMkA che.

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viveka ane abheda 129 jema yUropanA arvAcIna Adya tattvacintaka DaeNkArTa, tema iMgla'Dane aA~cIna Adya tattvacintaka ekana. parantu baMnenA tattvacintananA mArga judA, jema DekaC zakA--niSedha--thI AraMbha karyAM, tema ekane paNa karyAM. paNa ekanI zaMkA AkhA jagat paratve hatI, khIjAnI jagatanA te te padArtho paratve hatI; AthI ekane vadhAre cAsa kilasurInI jarUra jaNAI, khIjAne svatantra 'sAyansa' nI jarUra jaNAI. jema ekane siddhAnta Atma-anAtmavivakamAM AvI ryAM, tema khIjAe zraddhA ane tarkanA pradeza vacce viveka karavA Agraha karyo. parantu e viveka ethI AgaLa vadhIne jagata AkhAnA astitva ane svarUpanA vicAra paryanta paheAMcyA nahi. AthI ApaNe jene saMkucita arthamAM 'tattvajJAnI' yA philasUpha' kahIe chIe emAM ekananI gaNanA thatI nathI. taka zraddhAnI zRMkhalAthI vimukta thayA ke turata prazna UThayA--A jagat vastusat che ke kevala brAnti che? OMkArTane A prazna thayA hatA ane enA uttaramAM eNe ema TharAvyuM hatuM ke jagat kahetAM ' anAtmA'--e vastusat che. iMglaMDamAM A praznanA uttara lArka sUkSmavicArapUrvaka ApavA yatna karyuMH ene jaNAyuM ke jagatanA padArthomAM e prakAranA dharma che--keTalAka vastugata che, huM hAuM vA na heAu paNa e te padArthamAM che ja che: jemake parimANu, AkRti vagere; khIjA * ekana loka mhArA upara AdhAra rAkhI rahyA cheH jemake rUpa, gandhu vagere. ekane pradhAna yA vastugata dharma kahIe. ApaNe jene jagat yA viSaya kahIe chIe e A dharmonuM ja khaneluM che. A dharmAMnI pAchaLa dharmI hovA joIe. paNa ApaNuM jJAna teA mAtra dharmIne ja viSaya kare che, dharmAM sadA sarvadA ajJeya ja che. je ajJeya ja che ene' che' eTaluM paNa zuM karavA kahevuM ? dharmadharmirUpa jagata padArthamAMthI adhiSThAnabhUta dharmI kADhI nAMkhyA, mArkeli eTale dharmAM mAtra mAnasika AbhAsa thaI rahyA. ane dharmAMmAMthI vastugata ane aupASika e bheda TaLI gaye. A lAka pachInuM mArkalinuM tattvajJAna. mArkelie viSayamAMthI adhiSThAna UDAvI dIdhuM, paNa jJAtAne--jJAnAdhiSThAnane--kAyama rAkhyuM. DekArTunA anAtmA eka svatantra dharmI hatA, mArkalinA anAtmA Atmadharma thaI rahyo. yadyapi DaeNkArTanu AtmA-anAtmAnu daMta khArkalinA siddhAntamAM na hatuM, tathApi bArkalinA siddhAntamAM aneka 17

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130 viveka ane abheda AtmA, AtmAonA dharmoM, ane e dharmAM upajAvanAra eka paramAtmA evAM aneka tattvA kAyama rahelAM hatAM. mAli pachInA aMgreja tattvacintaka ghUma. mArkalie yamAMthI adhiSThAna UDAvI dIdhuM hatuM, paNa jJAtAmAM rAkhyuM hatuM. AvA pakSapAta zA mATe joIe? khAdya ane Antara sarva padArthe dharmarUpa ja, AbhAsarUpa ja che--adhiSThAnanuM astitva mAnavAnI jarUra ja zI ? A dalIlane piraNAme hyUmanA siddhAtemAM sakala vizva, AtmA anAtmA sarva, AbhAsa mAtra thaI rahyuM. svayaMprakAza AtmadIpane niSedhI, AbhAsa mAtrane svIkAranAra siddhAnta te bauddha vijJAnavAda, ardhanyavAda, e vedAntanA advaitavAda nahi. ekana ane lAkathI zarU thaelA IMgleMDanA tattvacintananA pravAha hyUmamAM enI parakASTAe paheoMcyA. (A vicAranI caturtha bhUmikAnA vAma khaMDa ) hyuma cu tattvajJAnanA itihAsamAM AgaLa cAlatAM mahAna nAma kAnTanuM Ave che. TukA ane enA anuyAyIoe--cheka velpha nAmanA tattvajJa paryanta--mAnI lIdhuM hatuM ke manuSyabuddhi A mahAna praznone khulAsA karavA samathaeN cheH alke samartha che ke nahiM e prazna ja emanA manamAM UThyo na hatA ema kahevuM vadhAre ucita che. lAka ane enA anuyAyIoe--hyuma paryanta--ema mAnI lIdhuM hatuM ke manuSyamuddhithI je kAMI Upaje che e kalpanAmAtra ja che. ubhaya pakSamAM manuSyabuddhinI zakti paratve vicArazUnyatA ja hatI. have pUrve kAie nahi UThAvelA evA prazna kAnTe UThAvyeH A sarva AtmA-anAtmAnI vAta te ThIka, kAMI che ane dekhAya che ema kahevAya che e AbhAsa mAtra che e vAta paNa ThIka--parantu A khAkhata keAIe e nirNaya karyo ke manuSyaSuddhinI amuka padArtha che yA nathI ema kahevA mATe joitI zakti che ke nahi ? ane che teA te keTalI che ? eka zakita mAnI lIdhI ane khIjAe zaktinA abhAva mAnI lIdhA!--paNa krAie vicArapUrvaka zaktinuM astitva TharAvavA ane enuM mApa nakkI karavA yatna karyAM? ApaNe jene anAtmA yAne dRzya jagat kahIe chIe ene jANavAnI ApaNAmAM zakti che ke nahi? che teA keTalI che? keTale darajaje e jagat A zaktinuM pariNAma che ? ane e jagat svataH che ema kahI zakAya ke nahi ?--AvA AvA praznoe phonTa

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viveka ane abheda 136 kAnTanA magajane madhyuM, ane e upara buddhivaDe rItasara vicAra karatAM kAnTane jaNAyuM ke dRzya jagatanuM svarUpa-ene AkAra-hArA antaHkaraNathI ja nirmAelo che, enuM tattva-enuM svataHsiddha pitApaNuM-kAMIka, aya anirvacanIya che; jema saMcAmAM eka cheDe rU nAMkhIe e bIje cheDe kApaDa rUpe vaNAIne nIkaLe, tema bahArathI kAMIka AvI ApaNuM antaHkaraNamAM paDe che, ane tyAM te rU5-AkAra pAme che. A rIte kAne AtmA-anA bhAnA vivekathI na aTakatAM, tema e baMnene nidhiSThAna AbhAsa mAtramAM 'niSedhI na detAM, e viveka ane e niSedha baMnenI pAra jaI anAtmA * AtmAthI atyantabhinna nathI, tema anAtmA AtmAne dharmasamUha ja nathI, paNa anAtmAnuM svarUpa--anAtmAne AkAra-AtmAne banelo che evuM lagabhaga advaita prApta karyuM. "lagabhaga" kahevAnuM kAraNa eTaluM ja ke anAtmA sarvathA AtmAne baneluM che ema na mAnatAM, anAtmAne AkAra mAtra AtmAthakI ghaDAelo-AtmAne banelo che, arthAta ApaNe jene anAtmA vA A dazya jagata kahIe chIe te je ke AtmAnuM baneluM che paNa e dasya jagatanI pAra kAMIka anirvacanIya svatasiddha padArtha rahelo che ke je AtmAnA pradezanI bahAra che. Avo kASTane siddhAnta hate. arthAta hajI paNa daita rahyuM. anAtmapadArtha sarvathA vilaya na pAmyo, tema enA astitvane vicAra ke khulAse paNa na thayuM. ekarasa ata na thatAM, e advaitamAM kAMIka vagaraogaLelI kazuM rahI gaI. paNa DekorTa ane spiojhA karatAM, tema ja lAka bArkali ane zrema karatAM, kAnTa vicArakramamAM eka pagalu AgaLa bharyuM emAM te saMdeha nahi ja. (kAnTanuM tattvajJAna e vicAranI pAMcamI bhUmikA.) kAnTanI muzIbatamAMthI mukta thavA keTalAke, jemake phIstae anA bhAne sarvathA AtmAno upasthApelo mAnyo. A vicAra phate kharekhara bahu bhavya lAge che. AkhuM jagat manovilAsamAtra thaI rahe che! A ja vicAra kAMIka bAlie pratipAdana karyo hato. paNa bAlinA siddhAntamAM A manevilAsa paramAtmA upara AdhAra rAkhe che, ane phIstanA siddhAntamAM e manevilAsa AtmAmAMthI ja udbhave che eTale bAkila karatAM phIstamAM advaitavAda vizeSa che. A pramANe AtmA-anAtmAnA vivekane badale anAtmA-AtmAno kale che evo eka prakArane advaitasiddhAnta prApta thayo. phIstanuM advaita e ApaNo

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hegala 132 viveka ane abheda "daSTisRSTivAda" yA "ekajIvavAda" banI rahe che. (A vicAranI chaThThI bhUmikA.) phIstanuM tattvajJAna "vAda" "siddhAnta," "jJAna" e nAmane paNa pAtra nathI; "vAda," "siddhAnta," "jJAna" e jJAtA uparAMta jJAtA sAthe mULathI ja sApekSa saMbaddha geya padArthanI apekSA kare che. "tame" na ho, "A na hoya, to huM paNa na bane. "huM" che evo "huM" ne vAda-siddhAnta sthApavA jatAM ja "tuM" A" AvIne UbhuM rahe che. "huM" ane "A" ubhayanA daitamAM ja kharuM advaita raheluM che. A hegalane siddhAnta. (A vicAranI sAtamI bhUmi- . kAne dakSiNa khaMDa.). have hyumanA mukhya vaMzajo tarapha vaLIe. iMglaMDamAM hUma pachI AgaLa vadhatAM jaina syuarTa milanuM nAma Ave che. milanI khyAti nyAyazAstra, nItizAstra, ane rAjya-zAstramAM che. tattvacintaka tarIke mila te e sUmanA siddhAntane ja avalaMba kare che. paraMtu enA taraphathI hAmAM pakSane apAtI kabulAta jANavA jevI che. mila (bhAsa)santAna ane jJAna(bhAna) satAna evA be santAna (pravAha) svIkAre che, ane zramane anusarI, e santAnonI pAchaLa adhikAna-Alaya (Azraya) mAnavAnuM kAI ja kAraNa nathI ema kahe che. parantu te ja sAthe, "bhAsa upajAvavAnI sthira gyatAnuM astitva svIkArI e gyatAnA AzrayabhUta padArthanuM astitva ajANye svIkArI de che. siddhAntahAni utpanna karanArI AvI bhUla phreMca vidvAna kata karato nathI. A bhAsamAna-dasya-jagatanI pAchaLa"adhiSThAna UMta che e vAta ene kabula nathI. je che te A dekhAya che te ja che. enI pAchaLa (adhiSThAna) kAMI nathI, che te te aya heI, nathI ja; tema enI hAme (draSTA) paNa kAMI nathI. . A lekhakanA matamAM "ekajIvavAda"ne ekachava te keTalAka verAtIo samaje tema A nahAne sarakho "huM" nahi, paNa hiraNyagarbha (Cosmic soul)-ema tha ghaTe che. ane A mAnavuM madhusudanasarasvatIkata "advaitasiddhi' jevA AkaragranthanA mananapUrvaka thayuM che. phIte paNa A vizAla AtmAne ja anAtmAne upasthApaka mAne che. ekavavAda" ane "daSTisRSTivAda saMbaddha che.

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viveka ane abheda 133 AtmA pAte peAtAne peAtAnA dharmasahita vA dharmarahita joI zake e azakya che, kAraNa ke eka ja padArtha karyAM ane karma ubhaya kema hoI zake? mATe AtmAne ane AtmAnI Antara sthitine viSaya karatuM mAnasazAstra saMbhavatuM nathIH zAstra mAtra khAdyane ja viSaya kare che. A eka prakAranuM advaita che. paNa e vedAntanuM advaita nathI. A advaita adhiSThAnakAraNanA niSedha karI, mAtra pratyakSane ja sarvasva mAnavAmAM rahelu che, ane tethI vedAntanA advaitathI taddana ulaTuM che. vedAnta adhiSThAnanuM pratipAdana karI dasyane eka rIte niSedha kare che; kAta dRzya mAtrane ja svIkArI adhiSThAnane niSedhe che. hayAta aMgreja tattvacintaka harbarTa spensarane adhiSThAnanA niSedha ayukta lAge che. kAnTanI mAphaka bhAsa ane bhAsamAna padArtha e enuM baita e svIkAre che. bhAsa oya che, bhAsamAna padArtha aneya che. eka jJeya hAI paricchedavALu che, khIjAM ajJeya hAI aparicchinna che. eka seApAdhika che, khIjuM nirupAdhika che. ( A vicAranI sAtamI bhUmikAne vAma khaMDa, ) spensara pazcimanuM tattvajJAna A karatAM AgaLa vadhyu nathI. AjakAla pazcimamAM e siddhAnta rAjya bhAgave cheH spensaranA ajJeyatAvAda, ane hegalanA viziSTAdvaitavAda. zAkaravedAnta zAMkara vedAnta joDe sarakhAvatAM, spensarane siddhAnta khAmI bharelA lAge che, spensaranA sidhAntamAM zAMkaravedAntanuM "naiti naitti" nu satya AvyuM che, paNa " tattvamatti " ane " satya jJAnamanantam " nuM rahasya dUra rahI gayuM che. spensara paramatattvane ajJeya mAnavAmAM * sat' ane ' cit' ne chUTAM pADe che--emanuM dvaita kare che. ema karavAmAM doSa e rahelA che ke e rIte sat ane 'cit' emAMthI ekake siddha thatuM nathI. baMnenI svarUpahAni--nAza thAya che. je sat citamAM prakAzatuM nathI e andhakAra ane zUnyatAthI grasta hoI sat gaNAvA yegya nathI. ane je 'cit' 'sat' ne prakaTAvatuM nathI e prakAzarUpa caitanya dhamathI rahita che, ane niHsattva hAI khAlI--zUnya che. 'sat' ane 'cit' ne ekavAra eka ekathI judAM rAkhyAM te te pachI huMmezAM judA ja rahevAnAMH emanA saMbandhu azakya ja thavAnA. judA padArthonA saMbandha te saMyeAga; ane saMyeAga teA jaDane ja ane, cittA na bane, mATe 'sat' ane 'cit' ne judAM

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134 viveka ane abheda mAnyAM ke muzIbata upajI. vastutaH "sata ane "cita" eka bIjAmAM samAyelAM che ema mAnavAthI vastusthitine anusarAya che, ane te ja sAthe vRthA muzIbata UpajatI aTake che. A khAmIthI-sata ane citanA daitanI khAmIthI-hegalanuM tattvajJAna mukta che. balka e benuM advaita pratipAdana karavuM e ja enA siddhAtanuM parama tAtparya che. AtmA-anAtmA, yA cita-acita, ane ubhayathI para hoI ubhayamAM anusyuta paramAtmA, e advaita-tavatrayane svIkAra e hegalano siddhAnta AjakAla mAna pAmate siddhAta che. paraMtu zAMkara siddhAtane tattvajJAnanuM zikhara mAnanAra A lekhakane hegalanA siddhAntamAM eka meTI asaMgati lAge che. hegala parama tattvane vizeSAtIta-vizeSa thakI para (Absolute) mAne che, te ja sAthe ene vizeSamAM anusmRta-savizeSa paNa mAne che, ane vaLI e vizeSane satya mAne che. vizeSonI ane vizeSAtIta padArthanI sattA samAna nathI e hegala-siddhAntavALA kabula kare che. ekanI sattA utaratI che, ane bIjAnI caDhI AtI che ema kahe che. paraMtu sattAnA caDhatA-UtaratA5Nuno zo artha thAya che e saMbadhe teo vicAra karatA nathI. UtaratI sattAne arthe ja e thAya che ke caDhIAtI sattA AgaLa tenuM mithyAtva siddha che-caDhIAnuM dRSTibindu prApta thatAM UtaratA dRSTibindune avakAza ja rahetuM nathI. hegala jene Absolute yA para daSTibindu kahe che, e jJAtA (Subject) aneya (Object)nAM daSTibindune saravALo nathI, paNa baMnenA samanvayamAMthI pratyakSa thaI AvatA para padArthanuM dRSTibindu che. arthAta, traNe daSTibindu sarakhI rIte che' kahI zakAya ema nathI-nIcenAM dRSTibinduo ucca daSTibindumAM samAI jAya che. jemake masyAmAMthI krame krame manuSyanI utpatti thaI che, tyAM bhasyanuM dRSTibindu ane manuSyanuM daSTibindu prApta thatAM matsyanuM daSTibindu mithyA bane che. mATe zaMkarAcArya brahmane vizeSAtIta mAne che, vizeSamAM anusmRta paNa mAne che, paNa vizeSyane mithyA mAnI brAnI nirvizeSatAne abAdhita sthApe che. be tatva thakI para tRtIya tattva zodhI kAhavAnuM prayojana ja e che ke baMne tattvanA dRSTibindune khoTAM samajI uccatara-tRtIya--daSTibindune prApta karavuM. jagatane satya mAnIne cAlanAra

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1 i viveka ane abheda 135 jeTalI bhUla kare che, teTalI jIvane ekalAne satya mAnIne cAlanAra paNa bhUla kare che. ekanuM jIvana aihikatAthI dUSita che, khIjAnuM maneArAjya mAtra che. baMne dRSTibindunA samanvaya uccatara bhUmikAe caDhyA vinA azakya che, ane e bhUmikAe caDhyA, eTale nIcenAM baMne dRSTibindu apurNa ane arthAt-bhrabhAtmaka siddha thayAM. A zaMkarAcAryane mAyAvAda. ( A vicAranuM parama zikhara--pAzcAtya tattvajJAnanI bhaviSyanI antima bhUmikA.) [ vasanta, jyeSDa 1959 ]

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136 padarzana padarzana bhanna" ane "brAhmaNa" eTale ke saMhitA, brAhmaNa, AraNyaka ane upaniSada, e zruti kahevAya che. emAM pratipAdana thatAM satya Adya RSioe paramAtmA pAsethI sAkSAta zravaNa karelAM che, parama gurunA asAdhAraNa prabhAvane lIdhe zravaNanI sAthe ja e satyenuM emane darzana paNa thaI gayuM che. tyArapachInA RSijanone e zruti guruparaMparAo prApta thaI che. ane enAM satyo zravaNanI bhUmikAmAMthI darzananI bhUmikAmAM UtAravA mATe emane judA judA mArgo zodhavA paDayA che. A rIte ApaNuM dezamAM "padarzana" ne uddabhava thayo che. jJAna mAtrane bhaMDAra "manna" yA "saMhitA" e sarvamAM sUtrasthAne che. aihika bhAvanAthI bharelA-chatAM mugdha ane saraLa-evA sAmAnya kheDUtathI mAMDI, paramAtmAmAM ekatAna thaelA ane jJAnanI parAkASThAe pahoMcelA munijana paryanta-sarva pitapotAnI rIte ene samajI le che, ane e rIte eka ja advitIya vANuM AkhA janasamAjanI judI judI AdhyAtmika bhAvanAo tRpta kare che. brAhmaNa, AraNyaka ane upaniSada e A sUtranA bhASyarUpa che. emAM keTaloka bhAga kriyAparAyaNa kaniSTha adhikArIne mATe che, ane keTaleka madhyama ane uttama adhikArI-jijJAsu ane jJAnI eone mATe che. A mahAna jJAnabhaMDAra- veda-no sAra upaniSadanAM keTalAMka mahAvAkayamAM samAvavAmAM Avyo cheH jIva paramAtmA che, jagat paNa paramAtmA che, chatAM paramAtmA ubhaya thakI adhika che-chatAM kevala advitIya che. enI sAthe enAthI UMce, enAthI nIce bIjuM kAMI ja nathIH A parama satya satya chatAM satya rUpe bhAsatAM nathI, e ajJAna, e ja dukha. ajJAna e ja pApa, ajJAna e ja azuddhiH enI pAra javuM e ja Ananda, e ja parama kartavya, e ja vizuddhi. A satyanuM zravaNa te thayuM paNa enuM darzana zI rIte karavuM?-ene anubhavamAM zI rIte UtAravuM? ene anubhava thavAmAM je antarAya naDate hoya te dUra karIne. e antarAya zuM che? A prazna upara manana karatAM,

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137 SaDradarzana AdividvAna kapilamunine jaNAyuM ke deha ane AtmA-prakRti ane puruSa"--e be padArtho, je vastutaH bhinna che, temane seLabheLa karI nAMkhavAthI, arthAt emanI vAstavika judAI na samajavAthI, sarva deva utpanna thAya che. manuSya pitAne saMsAranAM dukhAthI duHkhI mAne che, rAgadveSAdithI Ama tema kheMcAI pApa karma kare che, ane je vizudithI paramAtmAne sAkSAtkAra thaI zake che e vizuddhi kheI bese che-A sarva prakRti ane puruSanA avivekane lIdhe thAya che. prakRti ane puruSanAM svarUpa samajavAM, ekanuM vikAritva ane bIjAnuM sarvavikArarahitatva grahI levuM--e kapilamunine darzanane mArga jaDyo. ane e mArganA spaSTIkaraNaarthe emaNe prakRtinA svarUpa upara UMDuM manana karI-mUla avyakta prakRtimAMthI mahattattva, ahaMkAra, paMcatanmAtrA Adi sakala bAhya ane Antara jagata kevuM AvibhAva pAme che e batAvyuM, ane e sarva prakRtinI zRMkhalAthI puruSa vastutaH ke bahAra che e vAta bhAra mUkI mUkIne darzAvI. hindustAnanA tavadarzanamAM A paheluM darzana. vizvanAM judAM judAM tenI saMkhyA gaNAvI tethI, athavA te keTalAka kahe che tema sArI "khyA" kahetAM buddhi-vivekabuddhi sUjhADI tethI, A darzana sAMkhyadarzanane nAme prasiddha che. A darzananA, kALa jatAM, aneka avatAra thayA, paNa ApaNe te A sthaLe mAtra prathabhAvatAranuM ja prayajana che. kRtinuM satya pratyakSa karavAmAM prakRtipuruSane aviveka naDe che-ema kapilamunie pradhAnapaNe batAvyuM. tattvacintananA itihAsamAM A zodha kAMI nahAnIsUnI nathI. paNa ajJAnanuM paDa AtmA upara eTaluM to jADuM bancAI rahyuM che ke mAtra vivekanA kiraNathI e sahaja bhedAI jAya evuM nathI. puruSa prakRtithI judo che e vAta samajAI mAtra kAne paDI eTaluM ja nahi, parantu gaLe paNa UtarI. paNa zuM eTalAthI manuSya rAgadveSAdithI kheMcAta aTakayo? enA trividha tApa zamI gayA? viSaya tarapha enuM mana deDatuM babdha rahuM? mAyAnAM kArya tarapha najara karatAM te, mAyAnuM AvaraNa hatuM tevuM ne tevuM rahyuM ema kahevAmAM paNa bAdha nathI. AtmA dehathI judo che ema jANyuM paNa ema jANyA chatAM keTalA manuSya dehavAsanAthI mukta thayA? are! eka rIte te pUrvanA karatAM paNa vadhAre kharAba sthiti prApta thaI ema kahIe te cAleH pahelAM dehathI AtmA judo che e vAta jANI nahatI; have to e vAta jANuM, ane jANyA chatAM tadanusAra vartana 18

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138 - padarzana thaI zakatuM nathI ! manuSyanI adhamatAnI parAkASTA! A saMkaTamAMthI uddharavAne ane jagatane uddhAravAne-prakRtipuruSa vacce, mAtra zabdamAM ke magajamAM ja nahi, paNa vastutaH anubhavamAM viveka karI zakavAne mArga gadarzanamAM zedhA. cittavRttinI ucazRMkhala gati e A avivekanuM mUla che, ane tethI cittavRttine nirodha karavo, eTale AtmAnuM prakRtithI vivikta svarUpa enI meLe prakAzaze, ane AtmA enA parama tAvika svarUpa sAthe, athata paramAtmA sAthe, enI meLe yojAze, jeDAze-A yogazAstrane mukhya siddhAnta. cittavRttino virodha karavo eTaluM kahIne yogazAstra jozI rahyuM nahi. paNa e nirodha zI rIte kare enI rIte paNa batAvI. sAMkhyazAse bAhya ane Antara ubhayavidha prakRtinA pariNAmakramane ekaThA vicAra karyo hate. yogazAse Ansara prakRtinuM savizeSa avalokana karyuM. mAtra pariNamakramane ja nirNaya karyo ema nahi, paNa te sAthe rAgadveSAdi aneka pralobhane ane enA pratIkAre-sAttvika, rAjasa ane tAmasa bhAvanuM sUkSama nirUpaNa karyuM ane enA jayanI yuktiprayuktio batAvI. sAMkhe saghaLo AdhAra AtmAnA pitAnA baLa upara rAkhyo hato, tene badale yege IzvaranA anugrahanI madada paNa lIdhI, ane IzvarapraNidhAnane paNa eka sAdhana mAnyuM. A sAMkhya ane yeganA mArga atyanta sUkSma che. ene lAbha sarva keI laI zake e banavAjoga nathI. e mArga AcaravA mATe sUkSma vicArazakti tema ja asAdhAraNa IcchAbaLa ane daDha sadAgrahanI jarUra che. e dareka jaNamAM zI rIte hoI zake? A kAraNathI, sAMkhyadarzana karatAM paNa pUrvakAlIna brAhmaNagranthanA samayathI eka bIjo mArga cAlyo Avato hatuM, jene pracAra sAmAnya janamAM sAMkhya ane yogathI aTakAvI zakAya nahi. brAhmaNagranthamAM devayajananA asaMkhya vidhio batAvyA hatA-emAM paNa zraddhA bhakti vagere prabaLa hadayabhAvanI apekSA hatI, paNa e bhAve kAMI AMkhe joI zakAtA nathI, eTale e kadAca na hoya to paNa enI khoTa najare caDhatI nathI-mAtra bahArano AcAra joIe. ane e AcAra kara bahu muzkila nahotaH muzkila hoya te paNa hotA adhvaryuM vagere yajJa karAvanAra brAhmaNe puSkaLa hatA, ane emane dravya ApIne emanI madada levAmAM aDacaNa nahotI. brAhmaNagranthamAM vIkharAelA vidhio " kalpasUtromAM goThavAyA, ane ukata anukta ane parasparaviruddha-ukta vidhio samajavA mATe vAkyanA artha karavAnA niyama ghaDAyAH A sarva

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padarzana 13 gaNavA talapIjI jAtanuM svarUpa e nathI viruddha mImAMsAzAstrane nAme prasiddha che. A zAstra sAMkhya ane vegathI askRSTa rIte astitvamAM AvyuM eTaluM ja nahi, paNa sAMkhya ane yoge je muzIbatanA khulAsA nahi karelA tenA khulAsA paNa A zAstra ApI zake che ema prAkRta lokane lAge te navAI nahi. sAMkhya puruSArtha siddha karavA mATe AtmabaLa upara vizvAsa rAkhe, meMge IzvaranI madada lIdhI, paNa Izvarane paNa prasanna karavAnI te jarUra rahI, jeno vidhi yogazAstra varNavyo na hato. magaja ane hRdaya jagatanA anubhavathI paripakava thAya tyAra pachI bhale sAMkhya ane yogane bhAga caDho, paNa gRhasthAzramamAM te e yajJAdi vidhio devatAnA anugraha meLavavA mATe jarUranA che, ane caturthAzramamAM sAMkhya ane yeganuM cintana karI zakavA mATe je hadayanI zuddhi joIe e paNa e vaDe ja AvI zakaze-ema manAvA lAgyu. | mImAMsAne upadeza darzanazAstranA mULa tattvathI viruddha hatA. manuSya AtmA pitAnuM ane jagata nuM svarUpa oLakhavA ane sarvanuM AdikAraNuM jANavA talapI rahyA che te vakhate enI AgaLa karmakAMDanA vidhi dharavA taddana nirarthaka che. aMgrejImAM kahevata che tema boTalo bhAge ene patthara ApavA samAna A upadeza thAya che. darzanazAstranA ja kharA pradezamAM rahIna-arthAta tattvavicArane ja pradhAnapade sthApIne evo mArga na zodhI kaDhAya ke je sAMkhya ane yoga je gUDha na hoya ane sAmAnya lokanA magajamAM UtarI zake? Avo mArga vaizeSikadanamAM zodhAyo. A dazya jagata satva rajas ane tamasU-rAga dveSa ane moharUpI prakRtino ja vikAra che e bAdha sAmAnya magajathI grahaNa thaI zake evo nahote. "mahattattva nAmanuM sAmAnya kalpanAmAM dUra dUrathI paNa na Ave evu tava sAmAnya jana svIkAravA nA pADe emAM Azcarya nahi. "jyotiSmatI" "taMbha' Adi yogazAstranA upadezya padArtho, prAkRta jananI dRSTimAM arthahIna zabdo vinA anya zuM hoI zake? A muzIbatamAMthI mukta vizeSika darzana hatuM. A ghaTa che, ene raMga che, ene Ama tema calAvI zakAya che, ene amuka khAsa dharma che jene laIne e ghaTa kahevAya che, e guNa karma ane lakSaNabhUta sAmAnya, sarve ghaTarUpI dravyamAM amuka nitya saMbadha(samavAya) thI rahelAM che. ghaTa kapAlane banelo che, kapAla kapAlikAnA banelA che, ema UtaratAM UtaratAM chevaTe ApaNe keIka ThekANe aTakavuM ja joIe, nahi te anavasthA thAya--e antima dravyane ApaNe paramANu kahIe, ane eka paramANu e ja jAtanA bIjA paramANuthI bhinna che e vAtano khulAso

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L 140 darzana " karavA mATe pratyeka paramANumAM vizeSa' nAmanA kAIka padArtha mAnave joIe. A jaDa jagat dekhAya che tenA karatAM AtmAnA dharma judI ja tarahanA che--AtmAne jJAna thAya che, sukhaduHkhAddhi anubhavAya che, ityAdi jotAM spaSTa che ke AtmA dehathI judo che. kSitya karAdika kAryo che enA ka hovA joie, ane e karyAM te huM nathI--ane huM te tame nathI, eTale AtmA paNa aneka, ane paramAtmA--zvira sarvathI judo. A upadeza evA sAdA ane saraLa che ke tattvavicAra karavAnI hoMza rAkhanAra, chatAM enA gUDha bhAvAmAM praveza karavAne asamartha evA sAmAnya janAne e DIka gaLe UtarI gayA. vaLI leAkAne dareka vAtanA pramANamAM vedanuM vAya atAvavuM e paNa zA kAmanuM? mATe cAkhkhI pramANapaddhati ane temAM khAsa karIne anumAna paddhati sthApavI ke jethI dareka mANasane dalIlavaDe amuka satyAnI khAtarI karI apAya; zvirane paNa anumAnathI siddha karavA--A kAma nyAyadarzane hAtha dharyuM, ane te sArI rIte khajAvyuM. A arasAmAM bauddha ane jaina panthIoe vaidika mArge upara prahAra zarU karyAM hatA, sAmAnya leAka ke jeomAM e patthAe khAsa praveza karavA mAMDayA hatA emanI AgaLa pagale pagale vaidyanAM vAkye DhAMkavAM have nirarthaMka thayAM hatAM; ane tethI, khAsa vedmanAM ja vacanA upara AdhAra rAkhIne besI na rahenArA ane sAMkhya ane yAganI AkAzacumbI bhUmikAethI UtarI laukika vANImAM vAta karanArA tattvadarzananI jarUra hatI. ane e jarUra nyAya ane vaizeSika darzane A samaye pUrI pADI. paNa satya manuSyanI kSaNika sagavaDanI apekSA karatuM nathI. nyAya-- vaizeSika darzananI pramANapati bhale sahelI hAya, enI anumAnapati bhale grahaNa karavA yeAgya heAya, ane e grahaNa karavAmAM khAdha paNa nathI---- tathApi eTaluM te kharUM ja ke jIva jagat ane zvaranA svarUpa saMbaMdhe eNe je nirNayA khAMdhyA e sthULa ane UMDI dhArmikatAnI Antara dRSTithI rahita hatA. vaLI A hetuvAdI navIna darzanA, khAmIbharelI rIte paNa bhAtra mudghineja saMtASI zakatAM hatAM--manuSyanA samagra AtmAne saMtASa karavAnuM eemAM sAmarthya na hatuM. A samaye evA tattvadarzananI jarUra hatI ke je sAmAnyamAM sAmAnya janane paNa upayAgI thAya, tema vidvAnamAM vidvAnane paNa saMpUrNa santASa

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bahUdarzana 141 UpajAvI zake; pUrvIkata darzananI khAmIthI mukata hAya, ane chatAM e darzanAnA sArA bhAganI avagaNanA na kare. AvuM tattvadarzana A bhUmimAM zrutinA samayathI hayAta hatuM; khIjAM darzane ane dharmanI caDatI-paDatI vakhate paNa enuM teja sarvathA lupta thayuM na hatuM. kharA dhArmika AtmAo kAI kAI paNa haMmezAM khUNekhAcare paDyA rahetA. emanA AtmAmAM ane jIvanamAM ane upadezamAM vedAntadarzana jhaLakyA karatuM hatuM. vedAntadarzanaje mahAtejanAM anya darzanA bhAgalAM kiraNeA che--eNe punaH janma dhAraNa karyAM, punaH sAmrAjya sthApyuM. enI zreSThatA kayAM rahI che, ane kevI rIte rahI che e viSe ApaNe AgaLa vicAra karIzuM. [ vasanta, phAlguna 1960, ]

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14ra darzanamAM vedAntanuM sthAna paddarzanamAM vedAntanuM sthAna phAlgananA aMkamAM sAMkhyayoga-pUrvamImAMsA-vaizeSika-ane nyAya e pAMca darzanenI utpatti ane teonA Antara saMbaMdha viSe keTaluMka nirUpaNa karI, nIcenA zabdathI e lekha samApta karavAmA Avyo hate - A samaye evA tavadarzananI jarUra hatI ke je sAmAnyamAM sAmAnya janane paNa upayogI thAya, tema vidvAnamAM vidvAnane paNa saMpUrNa satoSa UpajAvI zake; pUrvokta darzananI khAmIthI mukta hoya ane chatAM enA sArA bhAganI avagaNanA na kare. AvuM darzana A bhUmimAM zrutinA samayathI - kyAta hatuM, bIjAM darzane ane dharmonI caDhatI-paDatI vakhate paNa enuM teja sarvathA lupta thayuM na hatuM. kharA dhArmika AtmAo kaI kaI paNa hamezAM khUNekhAMcare paDyA rahetA. emanA AtmAmAM ane jIvanamAM ane upadezamAM vedAntadarzana jhaLakyA karatuM hatuM. vedAntadarzana-je mahAtejanAM anya darzane bhAgelAM kiraNe che-eNe punaH janma dhAraNa karyo, punaH sAmrAjya sthApyuM. enI zreSThatA kyAM rahI che, ane kevI rIte rahI che e viSe ApaNe AgaLa vicAra karIzuM." A pratijJA saMpUrNa rIte siddha karavA mATe te eka heTa grantha lakhavo paDe. pratyeka darzana je atre mAtra enI bIjAvasthAmAM ja levAmAM AvyuM che tene badale eno samagra ItihAsa avalokavo paDe; vaLI hajI sudhI A sarve viSayanA granthanA pUrA arthe paNa nirNata thayA nathI e nirNata karavA paDe;-vedAtadarzananA pitAnA itihAsamAM paNa kevAM kevAM pagalAM bharAyAM che, e aneka granthanAM vacane TAMkI, teno artha nakkI karI, batAvavuM paDe; eTaluM ja nahi paNa e sarvanI paraspara guMthaNInA tAra paNuM UkelI ApavA paDe. AjanA digadarzana mATe A bhagIrathakArya sAthe na letAM, vedAntadarzananA thoDAeka khAsa siddhAnuM sUcana karIe ane e pUrvokta darzanamAMthI kevI rIte udbhavyA che e batAvIe te basa che. mULa sAMkhyadarzana pramANe paramAtmasAkSAtkArane aTakAvanAra vastu prakRti-puruSane aviveka che. A kAraNathI, prakRtinuM vikAritva ane purupanuM avikAritva batAvI baMne vacce bheda e tarata karI Apo ke e

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darzanamAM vedAntanuM sthAna 243 enI ekatAnI kadI paNa bhrAnti thavA na pAme--A mULa sAMkhyadarzananA uddeza hatA. sAMpyadarzane batAvelI A vivekanI AvazyaktA vedAntane mAnya che. zArIrakabhASyanA AraMbhamAM ja zaMkarAcArya Azcarya sAthe ud gAra kADhe che ke " viSaya ( jJeya ) ane viSayI ( jJAtA ) jevA, andhAra ane tejanI mAphaka paraspara spaSTa viruddhasvabhAvavALA, padyArthIne leAka eka karI mAne che e keTaluM Azcarya ! "" parantu sAMkhyadarzana enA aitihAsika kramamAM ATalethI ja aTakyuM nathI. ane eNe je AgaLa pagalAM bharyA che temAM vedAntane ane ene matabheda paDe che. sAMkhya prakRtimAM vikAritva e enA khAsa dharma joyA, eTale emAMthI AgaLa jatAM nIcenAM pagalAM lita thayAM: vikAritva prakRtineA khAsa dharma che te! te bahArathI zA mATe AvavA joie ? prakRtinA svabhAvarUpe ja ene zA mATe na mAnI levA ? arthAt, Izvara ene vikAra pamADe che ema mAnavAnI jarUra na rahI. prathama tA sAMpyadarzana prakRti uparathI Izvara siddha thaI zakatA nathI ' eTaluM ja kahIne aTakyuM. paNa jo siddha thaI zakatA nathI, teA pachI enA astitvamAM zuM pramANa ?--ema saheja prazna thAya che; ane e prazna sAthe ja uttara paNa apAI jAya che ke---- Izvara nathI ja. Ama asiddhimAMthI niSedha UpajAvI kADhavAmAM AvyA. yogadarzane sAMkhyamAM e sudhArAvadhArA karyAM. sAMkhya prakRtipuruSanA viveka AgaLa AvIne aTakayuM hatuM, ethI AgaLa jaI e viveka siddha karavAnA mArge yeAjyA. e mArgo jeTale sudhI antaHkaraNa zuddha karI jJAna UpajAvavAmAM, vedAntanA parama uddezane siddha karavAmAM, upayeAgI lAgyA tene teTale sudhI vedAnte svIkAryo. paNa vedAntanA jJAnamArganI gauNutA thatI joI eka zAMkaravedAntI TIkAkAre peAtAnA granthamAM vacce tyAM sudhI lakhyuM ke-- " zrImacchaGkarabhagavatpUjyapAda matopajIvinastvaupaniSadAH prapaJcAnRtatvavAdino dvitIyamevopAya [jJAna- ] mupeyuH / teSAM dyadhiSThAnadADharye sati tatra kalpitasya bAdhitasya cittasya taddRzyasya cAdarzanamanAyAsenaivopapadyate / ata eva bhagavatpUjyapAdAH kutrApi brahmavidAM yogApekSAM na vyutpAdayAMvabhUvuH / ata eva caupaniSadAH paramahaMsAH

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144 paDadarzanamAM vedAntanuM sthAna zraute vedAntavAkyavicAra eva gurumupasRtya pravartante brahmasAkSAtkArAya na tu yoge / vicAreNaiva cittadoSanirAkaraNena tasyAnyathAsiddhatvAditi kRtamadhikena // " madhusUdanasarasvatI bhAvArtha.zrImazaMkarabhagavatpUjyapAdanA matane avalakhanArA vedAntIe prapa'ca ( jagat ) te mithyA mAne che, ane tethI khIjo upAya je jJAna enuM teoe grahaNa karyuM che. teonA mata pramANe adhiSThAna je brahma enuM jJAna dRDha thayuM, eTale emAM kalpita je citta ane ethI dekhAtuM je jagat e sarvanA khAdha thaI e dekhAtAM maTI jAya e andhamesatuM che, tethI ja bhagavatpujyapAde kAI paNa ThekANe brahmajJAnIone mATe ceAganI jarUra khatAvI nathI. ane tethI ja vedAntI paramaha Mse brahmasAkSAtkAra mATe cAganI darakAra na karatAM zrutie kahelA vedAntavAkyane vicAra karavA guru pAse jAya che. vicAra ( jJAna ) vaDe ja cittanA deASa kADhI zakAya che, ane tethI yAga e doSa kADhavAnuM sAdhana nathI." madhusUdanasarasvatI 2 khIjAM--yeAgadarzanane Izvara nathI e pariNAma paNa aniSTa lAgyuM. * puruSavizeSa '--puruSAttama, paramAtmA--nI bhAvanA zivAya samasta yAgaprakriyA ene nirarthaka lAgI, azakya lAgI. manuSya rAgadveSAdri phlezathI bharelA che, ane e klezamukta thavA eNe yatna karavAnA che. e yatna sala tyAre ja thAya che ke jyAre e klezathakI para krAIka AtmA AdarzarUpe ane cittapraNidhAnanA AlaMbana rUpe tema ja ladAtA rUpe virAjamAna hoya. phlezathI para kAI AtmA e manuSyanI bhaviSyanI sthitinuM ja nAmAntara hAya tA enAmAM zraddA kema rahe?e che, manuSya klezathI bharelA che te vakhate paNa e klezathI vimukta che, ema manuSyane vizvAsa che mATe ja manuSya peAtAne enI sAthe joDavA, enA jevA zuddha thavA, yatna kare che, ane e yatna e saphaLa kare che. A pramANe, yAga arthe--manuSyanA udghAra ac--yAgadarzanane paramAtmAnI AvazyaktA samajAI. vaizeSika ane nyAya bIje raste e siddhAnta upara UtI. sAdhAraNa 1

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padarzanamAM vedAntanuM sthAna 15 chane bAhya jagata upara daSTi nAMkhatAM je racanA dekhAya che ene kaMIka katI hai joIe, ane e ja ApaNuM zubhAzubha karmone phaladAtA he joIe, eTaluM anumAna sahaja sUjhe che ane e anumAna vaDe vaizeSika ' ane nyAyadarzanee Izvara siddha karyo. have A saMbadhI vedAnta zuM kahe che e sAMbhaLIe. che. grIna eka sthaLe lakhe che ke pleTe e prAcIna grIkatattvone sekreTisanI dRSTithI tapAsyA, ane sekreTisane e tatvonI dRSTithI tapA. vedAnta eka tarapha sAMkhya ane bIjI tarapha yoga vaizeSika ane nyAyane A rIte ja tapAse che. vedAntasUtra eka pAdamAM IzvaranuM astitva siddha kare che, ane bIjA pAdamAM enuM ja khaMDana kare che. A paraspara viruddha lAgatAM pratipAdane e baMnenI pAra rahelA uccatara satyanA sUcana arthe che. vikAritva bezaka prakRtimAM aMkAI raheluM che, paNa te ja sAthe e vikAramAM paNa kAMIka racanA-caitanyanI chApa-pratIta thAya che. tyAre emAMthI eka ja vAta samajAya che ke vikAritva bahAranA cetanamAMthI AvIne prakRtimAM paDayuM nathI; ane te ja sAthe e prakRtinuM pitAnuM paNa nathI, kAraNuM ke prakRti te abdha che, ane A vikAra te abhutaracanAvALe che. mATe ubhaya pakSane nyAya ApavA mATe prakRti ane paramAtmAne eka bIjAthI judAM na rAkhatAM, emanI mahemAMhe gUMthaNI mAnavI-gUMthaNa te derAnA jevI nahi, kAraNa ke derAo te eka ekathI judA hoI ekaThA gUMthAya che. jaDa vastu pramANe prakRti ane paramAtmAne judAM mAnI ekaThAM gUMthIe te to je deSane sAMkhyane Dara lAgyA hatA e deva kAyama rahe-prakRtimAM vikAritva bahArathI AvI paDe, prakRti pite svabhAve avikArI Thare! mATe mULathI ja prakRti ane paramAtmAne ekaThAM mAnavAM, ema vedAntane siddhAnta che. e siddhAntamAM keTalAka peTA-matabheda che. viziSTAdvaitavAdI paramAtmA ane prakRtine saMbandha AtmA ane zarIranA jevo mAne che; zuddhAdvaitavAdI paramAtmAne prakRtirUpe pariNamI rahelo gaNe che; kevalAdvaitavAdI prakRti paramAtmAmAM ajJAne karI kalpelI TharAve che. ane e peTabhedanA paNa paTAbheda aneka che. paNa e sarva matamAM ATaluM samAna rIte svIkArAeluM che ke (1) paramAtmA che, sAMkhya kahe che ke e nathI e khoTuM che; (2) paramAtmA

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146 padarzanamAM vedAntanuM sthAna ane prakRti eka bIjAthI tadana vikhuTA nathI. naiyAyika kahe che tema aNurUpa prakRti eka padArtha, ane paramAtmA bIje padArtha, eke bahArathI bIjA upara pitAnI IcchA calAvI kArya utpanna karyo, ema nathI. ApaNe upara joyuM ke sAMkhyadarzanamAM anIzvaravAda kevI rIte Avyo, ane e anIzvaravAda vega ane nyAya-vaizeSika darzane kevAM kevAM kAraNa sara agrAhya ga. vaLI e paNa ApaNe joyuM ke vedAnta A baMne rahAmahAmA pakSane ekatra karI pitAne prakRti-paramAtmAnA advaitane siddhAnta kevI rIte UpajAve che. have e tapAsI joIe ke IzvaranA astitva tathA svarUpa saMbadhI A matabheda emanA paramapuruSArthanA mArga saMbadhe kevI asara kare che. sAMkhyadarzana paramAtmAnuM astitva svIkAratuM nathI, eTale jIvAtmAne prakRti thakI viveka kara e ja e darzanamAM parama puruSArtha rahe che; jIva triguNAtmaka prakRtithI para che ane prakRtinA vilAsane draSTA mAtra che eTaluM jANavuM e ja parama puruSArtha gaNAya che. A jANavuM te mAtra nAmanuM ja nahi, paNa kharekharUM-mATe prakRti ane puruSanA svarUpanuM cintana prApta thayuM, ane A cintana virUkapa-vicArAtmaka, ane zAnti vagere guNe te A vicArathI utpanna thatI sAMkhya vidvAnanI sthiti. yogane A vidvattAeTale ke pUrvokta vivekajanya sthiti-ekadama vicAra mAthI prApta karavI azakaya lAgI; ane tethI eNe e siddha karavA mATe sAdhanane khAsa, mArga ye; ane jIvAtmAnI pAra, anIzvara sAMkhyane na jaNaele, Izvara joI, e IzvaramAM cittanuM praNidhAna karI, enA anugraha vaDe AtmAnuM kevalapaNuM-prakRtithI parapaNuM-anubhavavAnuM batAvyuM. eTale ekamAM vivekanuM, ane bIjAmAM e viveka arthe dhyAna dhAraNuM samAdhi vagere sAdhananuM prAdhAnya rahyuM. vedAnta A baMne mArgane sanmavaya karyo-sAMkhya pAsethI viveka lIdhe, ane vega pAsethI dethAnAdi sAdhana lIdhAM. paNa ene brahmavAda sAMkhyanA anIzvaravAdathI ane keganA IzvaravAdathI jeTalo judo hato, teTale ene jJAnamArga paNa viveka ane dhyAna ubhayathI judA paDaye. sAMkhyane prakRti ane aneka puruSanI pAra kAMI najare paDatuM na hatuM, ane

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vadarzanamAM vedAntanuM sthAna 147 tethI ene prakRti ane puruSa e be keTine viveka karavo eTaluM ja sUjhayuM hatuM. vedAntanI dRSTi ubhayanI pAra gaI, ane kSara ane akSara yAne prakRti ane puruSa ubhayane svasvarUpamAM anya rUpe saMgrahato evo uttama puruSa -paramAtmA-najare paDe che, ane tethI vivekanI pAra abhedajJAnanI AvazyaktA pratIta thaI gazAse sA khyane anIzvaravAda tyajI IzvaranuM astitva svIkAryuM hatuM ane tethI e darzanamAM viveka uparAMta IzvaranA anugrahanI iSTatA kabUla thaI hatI. paNa mULanA sAkhyadarzananI asara nIce rahI jyAM sudhI eNe vivekane ja parama puruSArtha mAnyo tyAM sudhI Izvara-anugraha te mAtra sAdhanarUpa ja gaNu, ane chevaTanuM sAdhya te AtmAnuM niHsaMgapaNa e ja rahyuM. vedAntanI asara taLe AvatAM, gadarzane jIva ane Izano yoga ene parama puruSArtha gaNe khare, paNa e yogane arthe ghaNIvAra evo thato ke paramAtmAnA jevuM AtmAnuM nirsagapaNa meLavavuM. vaLI ubhaya zAkhAmAM Izvarane jIvathI taddana judo mAnyo hato, ane tethI IzvaramAM cittanuM praNidhAna te viSaya upara Indriya TheravavAmAM Ave che e ja tarehanuM teoe kahyuM hatuM, ane e tareha be vacce kevaLa judAInI ja teonA samajavAmAM hatI. vedAntane A vAta grAhya na thaI. vedAntasiddhAnta pramANe, IzvaranuM astitva ane IzvaramAM cittanuM praNidhAna baMne vAta kabula-paNa IzvaranuM svarUpa yogazAstra kacyuM che tevuM nahi, ane tethI cittanuM praNidhAna paNa pitAthI taddana judA puruSavizepamAM nahi, paNa puruSa mAtranA pitAnA samaSTi svarUpamAM. vedAntanI viziSTAdvaita (rAmAnujAcAryanuM che, zuddhAta (vallabhAcAryanuM che, ane kevalAdvaita (zaMkarAcAryanuM) traNe zAkhAomAM madhvAcAryanA kainane vedAnta eTale ke opaniSada darzananuM nAmaja chAjatuM nathI. kAraNa ke, jo ke e upaniSad-vedAntanA vAkyano AdhAra Take che, tathApi e vAkayo emanA siddhAntane kharU jotAM eTalAM badhAM pratikUla che ke e AdhAra levAno prayAsa mULathI ja khoTo che. anya traNa zAkhAone darekanA pitA potAnA matane samarthaka kAIka kAIka upanivamA maLI Ave che ja, ane emAM keTalAMka vAkayane mukhya gaNuM bAkInA viruddha lAgatAM hoya tene mukhya sAthe ghaTAvI levA e prakAranA prayatna thAya che, je sarvathA nirAdhAra nathI.

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148 yagdarzanamAM vedAntanuM sthAna " ' A samaSTisvarUpanA eka vA khIjI rIte paNa svIkAra che. (1) viziSTAdvaitavAdI * cit--AtmAo--ne aneka tathA parasparabhinna mAne che, tathApi sarve maLI paramAtmAnA zarIranA eka bhAga che ( khIjo bhAga 'acit'=prakRti ) eTaluM to svIkAre che; ane e zAkhAmAM AtmAe paramAtmAnuM dhyAna karavAnuM te prakRtithI lepAe eka puruSa prakRtithI sadA niepa evA puruSAntara ( yAganA 'puruSavizeSa,' 'zvira )nuM dhyAna kare e rIte nathI, paNa zarIranuM eka aMga peAtAnA zarIrI agInuM dhyAna kare e pramANe che. (2) zuddAdvaitavAdI paNa AtmAene aneka tathA paraspara bhinna mAne che, paNa sarve paramAtmAnA aMza che ema kahe che ane tethI aMze peAtAnA azInuM dhyAna karavAnuM Thare che. (3) kevalAdvaitavAdamAM mithyA upAdhi bhAtre karIne ja sarva bheda pratIta thAya che--vyaSTiupAdhine laI je jIva kahevAya che te ja--samaSTiupAdhine laI ' zvira ' yA saguNa brahma ane upAdhirahita svarUpe ' padmadma ' yA nirguNa brahma kahevAya che. eTale A trIjI zAkhAmAM svarUpabhUta paramAtmAnuM jJAna e ja parama puruSArtha vA parama puruSArthane mArga Thare che--paramAtmAnuM jJAna eTale ke, nahi AtmAnA prakRtithI viveka mAtra, ane nahi puruSAntaranA anugraha ke puruSAntara sAthe--niHsaMgapaNArUpI--sAmyaprApti. . nyAya ane vaizeSika darzanA sAMkhyanA anIzvaravAdathI judAM paDe che-- paNa teo vedAntanI mAphka paramAtmajJAnane parama puruSArtha TharAvatAM nathI; kintu AtmAmA Avyantika duHkhasa saMpAdana karavA ene ja parama puruSArtha kahe che. eTale jo ke paramAtmAnA anugraha teo icche che tathApi chevaTanI prAptimAM te paramAtmAne bAju upara ja rAkhe che. A jIva--zinA dvaitavAdanuM svAbhAvika pariNAma che. yAgamAM e piraNAma Avyu hatuM, ane nyAya--vaizeSikamAM paNa Ave che. kAraNa evuM che ke je puruSArtha antamAM prakaTAvavAnA che temAM pahelethI ja paramAtmAne praveza nathI rAkhatA te chevaTa * sudhI paramAtmA bahAranA bahAra rahe che, ane chevaTe je sAdhavAnuM te AtmAnuM peAtAnuM ja--paramAtmAnA saMparke vinAnuM--Thare che. arthAt ke dvaitavAdIone parama puruSArtha svAbhAvika rIte 'individualistic 'hAya che. aY= egoism, '=' self-love ' rUpa hAI kulaDI jevaDI peAtAnI jAtamAM ja pUrA thaI rahe che, ane emAM saMgata rIte (consistently ) paramAtmAne kazuM ja sthAna rahetu nathI, ane te dhArmikatAthI vimukha Y " 1 '

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padarzanamAM vedAntanuM sthAna 14he che. paNa puruSArthamAM paramAtmAne praveza Avazyaka hoya te tene mULathI AtmAmAM ja rAkhavo joIe, eTale ene sAkSAtkAra AtmAmAM ja banI zake-ane sAkSAtkAra AtmAmAM ja banavo joIe e tattvajJAna mAtranuM postulate" svatasiddha jevuM sUtra che--sAkSAtkAranuM potAnuM svarUpa ja evuM che-sAkSAtkAra ene ja kahevAya ke je AtmAmAM pitAmAM jabanI zakeane tethI ja paramAtmAne bahAra paDato mUkIne paNa uparanAM kaeNta zAstroe AtmAmAM ja parama puruSArtha zALyo che. mahArU kahevuM vadhAre saraLa bhASAmAM ma AtmA je kAMI prApta karI zake te AtmAmAM ja; AtmA pitAmAMthI kUdake mArIne bahAra jaI zake ja nahi-ane tethI je paramAtmasAkSAtkAra e parama puruSArtha hoya te paramAtmAne AtmAmAM ja rAkhavo joIe, AtmAnI bahAra nahi. AtmA evo kAMI jaDa padArtha nathI ke bIjA padArtha joDe bahArathI bhaLI zake-jema eka lAkaDu bIjA lAkaDA sAthe joDAya tevI rIte. ene te Antara saMbadhe ja saMbhave, ane tethI A Antara saMbandha pUrata dvatane niSedha sarvathA Avazyaka che. ane tethI ja jagatamAM mahAna dhAmaka AtmAoe paramAtmAne antaramAM zodhyo che, ane thoDuM ghaNu paNa advaita svIkAryuM che ja. e advaita keTaluM ane kevI rIte hovuM joIe e saMbandhI A sthaLe hu kahevA mAgato nathI. mahAre A carcAmAM viziSTAdvaita, zuddhAdvaita ane kevalAdvaita traNane sAmAnya vedAnamAM ekaThA rAkhI-sAmAnya vedAntanI anya dazane karatAM adhikatA darzAvavAnI che, ane te atre dazaoNvuM chuM. nyAya-vaizeSika darzananI jIva-IzanA saMbandha para je khAmI upara batAvI emAM ja lokapriya thavAnI eka anukUlatA paNa rahelI hatI. A darzanamAM IzvarasiddhinI je sAdA ane saraLa yukti-anumAnayojanAbatAvI hatI tethI, sAMkhya ane yoga paryanta na caDhI zakanAra sAmAnya AtmAone jema satoSa thaI jato hato, tema saMsAranA duHkhathI kaMTALelA janane e darzanane AtyaMtika dukhadhvaMsa pasanda paDe e svAbhAvika hatu, ane temAM sAmAnya bauddha dharma karatAM vizeSa guNa e hatuM ke bauddhadharmamAM AtmAne sthAna nahi, ane AmAM te kharuM. AthI bahArma hAme A brAhmaNa darzana Takakara laI zakayu, ane e dharma sAthe dukhadhvasanI paramapuruSArthanI bAbatamAM maLatApaNu paNa batAvI zakyu. sAmAnya brAhmaNadharmanA gRhasthAzramIone A darzana anukULa paDe-kAraNake vyAvahArika viSayamAM

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150. padarzanamAM vedAntanuM sthAna enI upayogitA spaSTa, ane dharmanA viSayamAM IzvaranuM astitva batAvIne aTake, ane pachI dhArmika kAryo ane je je sAdhana saMpAdana karavAM heya tene mATe dvAra khulluM mUke. paNa AvuM darzana sAmAnya cAlatA dharmamAM AtmAne TakAvI rAkhe te karatAM adhika jusso-utsAha-parAkrama prerI zake nahi. A darzananuM pariNAma e Ave ke brAuniga karatAM judA ja ane ninda arthamAM- "God's in his heaven, all's right with the world." ane tethI jyAM sudhI anya darzana hAtha na jhAle tyAM sudhI mukti azakya- je cAle che te cAlyAM ja karavAnuM. meM A carcAmAM " pUrvamImAMsA'--je "mImAMsA'ne nAme sAdhAraNa rIte prasiddha che-te viSe kAMI ja na kahyuM. tenuM kAraNa huM AgaLa ekavAra batAvI gayo chuM. "mImAMsA" enA mukhya bhAgamAM tattvadarzananA nAmane pAtra nathI ema kahIe te cAle. jemAM kAMI paNa manuSyanA kartavyanuM pratipAdana heya emAM garbhita rIte tattvadarzana te Ave ja; paNa skuTa tattvadarzana e judI ja vAta che, ane tene abhAva hovAthI "pUrvamImAMsAne e pada meM niSedhyuM che. anya darzane hAme TakavAnA prayatnamAMthI emAM paNa pAchaLathI thoDuMka tattvajJAna ubhuM thayuM che, paNa te gauNa, ane te "pUrvabhImAsAnA mukhya svarUpathI svatantra rIte. zruti-smRtimAM pratipAdana karelAM je vihita-niSiddha karmo karavAthI svarganarakAdi prApta thAya che-e karmonA vidhiniSedha tathA paddhati (kriyA) zAmAMthI zI rIte samajavAM e saMbadhI niyamo racavAno prayatna e pUrvamImAMsAne pradhAna prayatna che. eka vakhata e haze ke jyAre e kAma eNe janasamAjanI ane vyaktinI kharI dhArmikatA khAtara mAthe lIdheluM-A brAhmaNamizra prAcIna AraNyaka ane upaniSadanA samayamAM. tyAra pachI e vakhata Avyo ke jyAre e jJAna dhUmathI agni DhaMkAI jAya ema karmathI DhaMkAI gayu-jyAre leke (zrImadbhAgavatane zabda vAparatAM) pUpica eTale dhUmAI gaelI buddhivALA thayA-arthAta yajJanA dhUmADAthI jyAre emanI buddhi abdha thaI gaI hatI. A samaye te "gNA zera kahA cazahapAra" ItyAdi vAkayone, tema ja bauddhadharmanA aNedayane. A dharmAnta buddhie pazuhiMsAmAM rasa lIdho eTaluM ja nahi, paNa Izvarane paNa , na mAnyo ! bauddhadharmanI mAphaka, karmI pitAnI meLe ja phaLa Ape che svarganarakAdika upajAve che-ema mAnyuM, ane devatAo paNa karmane vaza thaI rahelA

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SadarzanamAM vedAntanuM sthAna 151 lAgyA. AgaLa jatAM jyAre bauddha dharma veda upara prahAra karavA mAMDyA tyAre ene vedaprAmANya siddha karavAnI jarUra paDI, vinA Izvare eNe vedanuM prAmANya sthApavAnI hiMmata karI, ane A rIte keTaloka tattvajJAnane umere thayo. paraMtu pUrvamImAMsAnuM mukhya svarUpa tattvajJAnanuM nahi karavAnAM te karmo, jJAna nahi; ane te vaDe meLavavAnuM te paNa koI tattva nahi, paNa svargAdika. A siddhAntamAM garbhita rIte keTaluMka tattvajJAna rahyuM che, paNa pUrvamImAMsAe ene skuTa upajAvyuM nathI, ane tethI ene atre (A avalokanamAM) tatvajJAnanuM pada ApavAmAM AvyuM nathI. A darzanane AtmAnA svarUpane ke Izvara viSe vicAra nahato, ane tethI enA parama puruSAIne mArga paNa jaDa kamenAM jaMgalamAM ja paDele hate. A pramANe TuMkAmAM IzvaranA astitva tathA svarUpa saMbadhI vicArenI sAthe te te darzanane parama puruSArthane mArga joDAele che. [vasana, mArgazIrSa saMvata 1961]

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51 'jaDavAda ' ane caitanyavAda 20 jaDavAda ane caitanyavAda ' * Our little systems have their day; They have their day and cease to be: They are but broken lights of thee, And thou, O Lord, art more than they.' " Temmyson. 6 * AjathI trIsa-cALIsa varSa pahelAM keTaleAka vakhata iMglaMDamAM jaDavAdanuM prabaLa sAmrAjya hatuM--ane sAmrAjyanI prakhaLatAnAM mukhya be traNa kAraNeA hatAM: (1) te samayamAM sAyansathI karavAmAM AveluM jaDavAdanuM apUrve samarthana; (2) te vakhatanA jaDavAdIonI uttama nIti; ane (3) manuSyanA aihika kalyANa upara samagra lakSa ApI, parApakAra karavAnA ane lAkahita siddha karavAne jaDavAdIonA atyanta Agraha. pachI, jema jema jaDavAdanI navIna camatkArI jhalaka dhaTatI gaI ane ArbhanA utsAha manda thatA gayA, tema tema samajAtuM AvyuM kaeN--uttama nIti mAtra jaDavAdIomAM ja hoya che ema kAMI nathIH gleMDsana jevA dharmAMgrahI puruSAnI nIti eMDalA karatAM bilakula UtaratI jaNAtI nathI, tema ja prAcIna samayamAM paNa jIsasa A najharetha' ane phrAnsisa oNpha esisi' jevA dhArmika AtmAoe je nIti ane parApakAranuM khaLa dAkhavyuM hatuM enI sAthe sarakhAvatAM hAlanA jaDavAdIonI nIti kazA ja hiMsAmamAM nathI ane leAkahita mATe utsAha e paNa zuM vastutaH "dhArmika " utsAha ja nathI ? jaDavAda lokanA aihika sukha upara samagra lakSa ApI, leAkeApakAra ane leAkahita sAdhavA tarapha Agraha rAkhe che e kharuM--paNa vyaktinA peAtAnA ja sukhathI na aTakatAM AkhI janatAnA ane te paNa bhaviSya suddhAMnA ( vyakti karatAM vadhAre vizAla vastunA, ane vyaktinA potAnA maraNa pachInA ) sukhane lakSya karavAmAM jaDavAdane tyAga nathI thatA? have jovAnuM eTaluM ja rahe che ke sAyansa je e samayamAM jaDavAdanuM samarthana karatuM hatuM te adyApi enuM ja samarthana kare che ke caitanyavAda tarapha vizeSa vaLe che ? upara jaNAvyuM tema, trIsa cALIsa yA pacAsa varSa agAu keTaleAka vakhata to, 'vAlyuzana ' vagere zeAdhAe jaDavAdane haMmeza mATe sthApita . "

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jaDavAda ane caitanyavAda 153 karI dIdhuM hoya ema lAgatuM. paraMtu te ja samayamAM--e jaDavAdanA sAmrAjyanA ja samayamAM-e sAmrAjya hAme zastra UpADavAmAM AvatAM hatAM. jarmana tattvajJAnanA paricayane pariNAme iMglaMDanA cetanyavAdIoe ema siddha karavA mAMDayuM ke sAyansano pradeza mayaoNdita-sAMkaDe che, sAyansamAM caitanya nA astitva ane svarUpa viSe nirNaya karavAnI zakti nathI, ane tethI caitanya viSe e je je pralApa kare che e enA adhikAranI bahAranA heI nirarthaka che. caitanyanA astitva ane svarUpano nirNAyaka AtmA-svasaMvita -e ja emAM pramANa che; ane saMvita evI sAkSI pUre che ke mahAruM svarUpa jaDanA niyamamAM AvI na zake evuM alaukika che. A pramANe sAyansanA pradezanI iyattA bAMdhIne, caitanyane enI pAra rAkhavuM--e tattvacintanane jaDavAdakhaMDanane mArga che. (jene khAsa karIne arvAcIna samayamAM jarmana tatvacitaka kAre pracalita karyo che.) ane e dalIla Tenisana jevA UMDA anubhavIone ane tattvacintaka tarapha prItinI dRSTithI jonArAone santoSakAraka thaI hatI. paraMtu, sAyansane ja manuSyajJAnane paripUrNa kApa mAnanArAone judI ja tarehanA pramANunI apekSA che. ane e pramANane abhAve eone caitanyavAda karatAM jaDavAda vadhAre sayuktika lAge e svAbhAvika che. bIjI taraphathI, cetanyane sAyansanA adhikAranI bahAra na rAkhatAM andara rAkhI, A praznane "pharI tapAsaNI" upara levA sAyansanI kerTane arajI thaI. have vicAranuM evuM valaNa zarU thavA mAMDayuM ke-jaDavAda durAgrahI, pUrNa satya tarapha AMkha mIcanAre, ane sAyansanI pitAnI ja satyAnveSaNabuddhithI ulaTe cAlanAre che. maeNDama blevakIe jagata AkhAnA gharmagranthamAM arvAcIna sAyansanA keTalAka siddhAnta batAvI ApyA, ane prAcIna dharmagranthanuM gaurava vadhArI arvAcIna sAyansane halakuM pADayuM; ane ema jaNAvavA mAMDayuM ke sAyansanA amuka vidvAnonA anubhavamAM je AvyuM nathI e khoTuM ja che, ane prAcIna tema ja arvAcIna aneka strIpuruSe jeo pitAne mahAtmA-preta-yoga-samAdhi vagerenA anubhava thayAnuM kahe che e bheLA yA ThagArAM che-evo Agraha sAyansanI udAra satyAveSaNabuddhine chAjato nathI. paraMtu jema pUrvokta tatvacintananA mArgathI caitanyanA astitvanI sarvane khAtarI thatI na hatI, tema maeNDama blaskIna A zabdapramANa tathA ekadezI ane saMdigdha anubhava upara racAelo citanyavAda paNa sarvane santoSa UpajAvI zakato nahato.

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154 jaDavAda ane caitanyavAda A arasAmAM, sAyansa pote pitAnI ja pramANapaddhatie A praznane cukAda karavA yatna karI rahyuM hatuM. jaDavAdI sAyansavidvAnoe kizcayana saMpradAyanA cetanavAdanuM khaMDana karavA keTalAka prayogo karyA ane dalIlo karI, paNa ethI jaDa ane cetana vacce bheda bhAgavAne badale vadhAre majabUta thayo. krizcana saMpradAyIonuM evuM kahevuM hatuM ke kAryakAraNanA jaDa yAtrika niyamanI bahAra caitanyapadArtha che-jenI utpatti koI paNa laukika kAraNamAM nathI, paNa Izvara thakI che. A siddhAntanA judI judI rIte javAba devAmAM AvyA - 1) eTale sudhI paNa tarka UDyo hato ke pRthvI jyAre ati pracaMDa uSNa padArthamaya hatI te vakhate je ke enA upara cetananuM astitva azakya hatuM, tathApi e jyAre zItaLa thaI ane cetanane rahevA lAyaka thaI te vakhate enA upara kaIka kharatA tArA sAthe bahArathI cetana padArtha Avyo haze ane e rIte cetananI vastI banI haze. (2) prasiddha jatuvighAcArya paisUranI zodhathI have ema samajAvA mAMDayuM hatuM ke jyAM cetananA astitvane leza paNa saMbhava nathI tyAM paNa asaMkhya cetanavRndo bhaya hoya che-te pracaMDa usNatAnI vacce paNa vilakSaNa sUkSma cetana-jatuo vasatAM hoya te Azcarya nahi. (3) jaDamAMthI ja krame krame svAbhAvika rIte ja cetana vikasI Ave che--jaDa kAraNanA niyamethI jene khulAse na thaI zake evuM cetana kAMI vilakSaNa kArya nathI. ' AmAMnA pahelA be upanyAsa upara vicAra karatAM jaNAze ke yadyapi enAthI kriyana saMpradAyamAM mAnelI Izvarakartake cetatpattine niSedha thAya che, te paNa enAthI cetanavAdanuM khaMDana thatuM nathI ulaTuM, jaDa sAthe cetana vaLageluM hoya te ja bIjuM cetana nIkaLe ema kahevAnI sAthe ja jaDa ane cetana vacce bheda svIkArAI jAya che. trIje upanyAsa-jaDanA niyamathI ja cetanane saghaLe khulAse thaI jAya che e--hajI sudhI asiha che. vaLI A uparAnta sara vilyama kUkare siddha karI ApyuM ke sAyansanA saTha prakAranA paramANuo e jagatanuM antima upAdAna kAraNa nathIH sAyansa jene jaDa paramANu kahe che e enAthI pAranA keIka eka padArthane AvirbhAva che. vaLI lArDa kelvina ane prephesara TinDole jaNAvyuM ke sUma padArthanI gatimAMthI paramANu nIpajelo che ane gatithI e bharelo che. A rIte cita ane jaDanI vacce bhedaka dharma rUpa manAtI gati e ubhayasAdhAraNa che ema siddha thayuM. jaDa ane cita vacce manAtuM eka

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jaDavAda ane caitanyavAda 155 Aja ema kare to eka vidyAmAM samayamAM prasiddha aSTi vhoTuM attara bhAMgyuM, ane vizvanuM antima upAdAnakAraNa paramANu karatAM ghaNuM dUra che ema bhAna thavA lAgyuM. vaLI, keTalAMka varSo pahelAM mesmare vicArasaMkramaNanI zakyatA siddha karavA yatna karyo hato, paNa e yatna pratipakSIonA dveSa ane virodhane lIdhe anAdara pAmyo hate. memarane siddhAnta have pAcho grahaNa thavA lAgyo. ane have yogasamAdhinI vArtAone badale-enA zabdapramANa mAtrane badale-enA pratyakSa prAge sAyansanA pratiSThita vidvAnene hAthe seMkaDe thavA lAgyA. A rIte, caitanyanI pratiSThA vadhI, ane jaDane jaDavaDe ja sparzI zakAya che tathA niyamI zakAya che e bhrAnti dura thaI. vidyuta ane lohacumbakanI zaktionAM rahasyo dinaparadina vadhAre jaDatAM gayAM, ane emAMthI paNa e ja vAta siddha thatI cAlI ke vizvamAM gUDha ghaNu che, ane citanyamAM vidyuta ane lohacumbaka jevI zakti bharelI hoya, ApaNe jene Aja paryata jaDanI zakti mAnatA AvyA chIe e chevaTa citanyanI ja zakti che ema Thare to emAM Azcarya nahi. paraMtu ATalAthI jaDavAda vidhAnamAM sarvatra agrAhya thaI gayo ema samajavAnuM nathI. ogaNIsamI saddInI samAptinA vardhamAM prasiddha sRSTizAstrA hele sAyansanI e mahAna sadInI jayantIne eka lekha bahAra pADe che, ane emAM jaNAvyuM che ke caitanyavAdIo jaDa ane cetanane eka bIjAthI judA be svatanta padArtho mAne che e taddana bhUla che, vizvamAM eka akhaMDa padArtha bharyo che, jemAMthI krame krame jaDa ane cetana uddabhave che, cetana e jaDanA ja vikAsakramamAM eka AgaLanuM pagathIyuM che. vizvamAM be sUtra nathI, eka ja sUtra che, ane e sUtramAM koI paNa prakAranI gAMTha ke tUTa nathI. chevaTe, AjakAlanAM varSo upara AvatAM-ApaNA svadezabaMdhu prephesara bese siddha karyuM che ke jema cetana upara vizvanI asara thAya che tema jaDa upara paNa thAya che; viSa dAkhala thatAM jIvata-zarIramAM jevI ceSTA thAya che evI ja ceSTA dhAtuo (metals) nA zarIramAM paNa thAya che arthAta viSanI asara thavI e cetanane asAdhAraNa dharma nathI. upara jaNAvelI keTalIka zodho upara vicAra karatAM samajAze ke e jema caitanyavAdane anukUla jaNAya che tema jaDavAdane paNa anukula jaNAya che. cetanamAM vidyuta jevI zakti jovAmAM Ave, ane bhUtapreta paNa astitvamAM hAya, ane paramANuomAM kaIka anirNanIya sadAgatimAna padArtha bharapUra bharyo hoya, te e vAta jaDane pradeza keTalo badho vistIrNa che ane ada

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156 jaDavAda ane caitanyavAda syanI bhUmikAmAM paNa vyApele che, enI zakti keTalI badhI camatkAraka che, e ja batAvI Ape emAMthI khAsa karIne jaDathI atirikata cetanyanuM astitva siddha thatuM nathI. have kharuM jotAM prophesara besanA prayogamAMthI zuM siddha thAya che e vicArIeH AkhuM vizva ekAkAra cetana che ema, ke jaDa che ema? jaDamAM paNa cetananA khAsa manAtA dharmo najare paDe, te jema eka pAsathI sarva cetana che ema anumAna nIkaLe tema bIjI pAsethI cetanamAM jaDa karatAM kAMI savizeSatA nathI ema paNa phalita thAya-arthAt jaDa-cetanane vibhAga lepa pAmI jaDa karatAM atirikata caitanya mAnavAne kAraNuM rahetuM nathI. have vastutaH jatAM, prophesara bAsanA prayogathI siddha thAya che te eTaluM ja ke cetanane khAsa manAte eka dharma-viSanI asara thavI-e jaDamAM paNa che. paNa eTalA uparathI jaDa ane cetana vacce kAMI bheda ja nathI, cetana e jaDanuM mAtra pachInuM pagathIyuM ja che ema anumAna thaI zakatuM nathI. prophesara bese batAvI ApelA dharma uparAMta bIja ghaNuM dhame che ke je jaDa ane cetana ubhayamAM rahelA suprasiddha che, chatAM mAtra eTalA uparathI baMne vacce bilakula bheda ja nathI ema siddhAnta kADhavo hajI sudhI koIe vAjabI gaNyuM nathI. paraMtu pro. besanA prayogathI eTaluM sUcavAya che kharuM ke jaDa ane cetana game teTalAM bhinna dekhAya, chatAM baMnenI pAchaLa kAIka samAna tattva raheluM che eTale ke baMne eka ja prakRtinA judA judA (eka ja nahi, paNa judA judA) AvirbhA che. A ja siddhAnta zrImadbhagavadgItAmAM zrI kRSNa bhagavAne mUkyo che - "bhUmirApo'nalo kAyuH khaM mano buddhireva ca / ahaMkAra itIya me bhinnA prkRtirssttdhaa|| apareyamitastvanyAM prakRtiM viddhi me parAm / jIvabhUtAM mahAbAho yayedaM dhAryate jagat / patadhonIni bhUtAni sarvANItyupadhAraya // " tAtparya-pRthvI, jala, teja, vAyu, AkAza, mana buddhi ane ahaMkAra ema ATha prakAranI paramAtmAnI aparA prakRti che; ane e sarvathI atirikata je jIva' e enI para prakRti che--je parA prakRti vaDe A jagata astitvamAM dharAI rahyuM che. sarva bhUtamAtra A kividha pravRtimAMthI utpanna thayAM che. .

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jaMkavAda ane citanyavAda 157 arthAta-pRthvI Adi paMca mahAbhUte je prakRtinA AvirbhAva che, e ja prakRtinA AvirbhAva mana buddhi ane ahaMkAra paNa che, paNa ethI ApaNe jene "jaDavAda" kahIe chIe e jaDavAda prApta thatuM nathI kAraNa ke, mane buddhi ane ahaMkArane ane paMcamahAbhUtanA vikAre mAnavAmAM AvatA nathI-paMcamahAbhUta ane mana buddhi ahaMkAra ubhaya vargane ubhayanI pAchaLa rahelI prakRtimAMthI upajAvavAmAM Ave che. je prakRti paMcamahAbhUta rUpe prakaTe che, e ja prakRti ane buddhi ane ahaMkAra rUpe prakaTatI hovAthI eka vargamAM upalabdha thato dharma-jemake, cetana upara thatI vizvanI asara-bIjA vargamAM paNa upalabdha thAya-dhAtuo upara paNa viSanI asara thatI jovAmAM Ave- e suzliSTa che. "One touch of Nature makes the whole world kin," prakRtine saMsparza sarvatra eka ja hoI, sarva jagatane badhubhAvamAM joDe che-ekAkAra banAve che"--e paMktimAM jeTaluM hRdayanuM satya rahyuM che, eTaluM ja buddhinuM satya paNa raheluM che. jagata je kavinI daSTie ekAkAra che, e sAyanTisTa ane philasuphanI daSTie paNa tevuM ja che. A rIte, dazya padArthamAtrane-pRthvIthI mAMDI ahaMkAra sudhI sarvane dasya padArthanI ekatAsaMpAdaka prakRti paryanta ApaNe laI jaI zakIe chIe. paNa A prakRti te mAtra "aparA prakRtiH "aparA" eTalA mATe che--jo ke e ekatAsaMpAdaka kharI, tathApi paraprakAsya. parA prakRti je jIva"=AtmA, enA prakAzathI e prakAre che, enA thakI e banI rahelI che. bhUtamAtranI anekatAmAM je ekatAnuM darzana karI prakRti paryata ApaNe pahoMcIe chIe--e ekatAsaMpAdaka vyApAra AtmAnA anusadhAna-anusmRti vinA azakya che. parama tattva mahAna Age devI khare zizu samAna ja nhAnI lAge." have A "AtmAnuM svarUpa kevuM che?--ene uttara asaMkhya anubhavI mahAtmAo Aja paryanta ApatA AvyA che. e anubhavacitranI kAMIka rekhA nIcenA padyamAM che - rA. narasiMharAva. * rA. maNilAla.

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158 jaDavAda ane caitanyavAda " daga rasabhara mere dila chAI rahI- chAI rahI chalakAI rahI-daga. jhAMkha jhapaTa nikA nava kAMI palaka palaka aNakhAI rahI-daga." gagane Aja premanI jhalaka chAI re!- pRthvI rahI chavAI parvate rahyA nAhI, sacarAcare bharAI re-gagane" zeya ane jJAtA-jene zrImadbhagavadgItAmAM anya sthaLe kSetra ane kSetra kahyA che--e baMnene "prakRtimAM samAveza thAya che. prakRti zabda atre jaDanA arthamAM nahi, paNa paramAtmAnI zakti yA svabhAvanA arthamAM vaparAya che. jaDa ane cita ubhayane prakRtimAM samAveza karavAnuM kAraNa eTaluM batAvavA mATe ke ubhayamAM eka ja tattva parevAeluM che- e tattva te ubhayathI vizAla, ubhayanuM vyApaka-saMgrAhaka, tatvaH paramAtmAne svabhAva prakRtiH paramAtmA pote ja, ".......I have felt A Presence that disturbs me with the joy Of elevated thoughts: a sense sublime Of something far more deeply interfused, Whose dwelling is the light of setting suns, And the round ocean and the living air, And the blue sky, and in the mind of man : A motion and a spirit, that impels, All thinking things, all objects of all thought, And rolls through all things." -Wordsworth [ vasanta, zrAvaNa 1959]

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' navA darzana "15 navAM darzana [pazcimamAM AjakAla aneka bhautika zAstromAM siddhAntaparivarta thaI rahyA che, ane enI asara tattvajJAna upara paNa pahoMcI che. "InDayana philosephikala kengasa" nI madrAsanI beThaka (1928) mAM mahArA pramukha tarIkenA bhASaNamAM vartamAna yuropiyana tatvajJAnanuM mahe je avalokana karyuM hatuM ene sAra vasantanA vAcaka AgaLa mUkavA hArI icchA thatI hatI. paraMtu eTalAmAM ja upara nirdezelA bhautika zAstranA siddhAntaparivarta saMbadhI eka bAlopayogI lekhamALA aMgrejImAM mahArA vAMcavAmAM AvI. tethI prathama e lekhamAlAne sAra vasantanA vAcakane Apavo ucita dhAryo che. tannI, ] jijJAsu chellAM trIsa varSamAM buddhi ane dharmanA viSayamAM mahAna pari varte je mukhya asarane lIdhe thayA che e viSe ApanuM zuM kahevuM che? ame yuvaka hatA te samaya pachIthI A vizva saMbandhI sidhAnta taddana badalAI gayA sAMbhaLIe chIe, A vartamAna vicAranA sraSTA tarIke pAMca cha nAma na gaNa? vidvAna-huM gaNAvuM. paNa te karatAM pahelAM, asare zI zI thaI che e ApaNe samajhI levuM joIe. jijJAsa-emAM paheluM "sAyansa". DArvinanA utkrAnti yAne vikAsa vAde eka navo ja vicArayuga dAkhala karyo, paNa te te gaI sadI (ivI ogaNIsamA zatakane mAra kALa) nI vAta. vidvAna-barAbara, ane have dareka jaNa vastuochuM jANe che ja ke sAyansamAM atyAre eka apUrva ane ucchedaka parivarta thayo che. 24107314 od hid Malhi "Revolution in Science""sAyansamAM mahAna parivartajha e mathALA nIce ghaNuM lakhAtuM ApaNe joIe chIe, ane A joI thoDAka kaThaNu bhejAnA jaDa vAdIo sivAya sahu keIne Ananda thayo che. jijJAsu-kha. have sAmAnya manuSyane lAge che ke dharmane sAyansa taraphathI bhaya rAkhavAnuM kAraNa nathI. balka, sAyansa je eka vakhata dharmanA zatrusthAne hatu te have mitra thayuM che.

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navAM darzana vidvAna-kha; ema have sAdhAraNa mAnyatA thaI che, ane atyAre tatva jJAnanA pratyakSavirodhI siddhAnto paNa bahu ja sahAnubhUti ane dhyAna pUrvaka vicArAya che. kalAkArane kevaLa svamAM jotA ke ghaDIbhara Ananda ApatA ja tarIke avagaNuM kADhavAmAM AvatA nathI, balka sAyansa karatAM paNa UMcI evI, vastunuM tattva jevAnI, dRSTi kalAmAM rahelI che ema manAvA lAgyuM che. sAyansathI gabharAvAnuM have kAraNa rahyuM nathI. ulaTuM sAyansa atyAre sahu sAthe AnandathI haLI maLI gayuM che. jijJAsu-A atyArane lekamata keTale darajajo sAce che? vidvAna-kahevuM joIe ke tavataH AnI tarapheNamAM ghaNuM kahevAnuM che. je sAyansanuM vizva hamaNAM ja ApaNuM AgaLathI khasyuM che temAM gUDhatA evuM kazuM hatuM ja nahi! nahi ke sAyansanA paMDita pitAne sarvajJa, bhAnI beThA hatA. teo jANatA hatA ke emanA vizvamAM hajI ghaNuM jANavAnuM bAkI che; paNa te sAthe e nirNaya karI beThA hatA ke atyAra sudhI sAyanse je mArga lIdho che te ja AgaLa anusaryo javAne che. eka vidvAne kahyuM hatuM tema, sAyansa enI gaNatarI eka dazAMzasthAna AgaLa kADhavAnI che eTaluM ja. jijJAsu-Apa vihoriyana sAyansanA ya-vAda ( Mechanistic doctrine) ne ullekha kare che ema huM samajuM chuM. vidvAna-ha. e vAdanuM mukhya lakSaNa e hatuM ke enI daSTie A samasta vizva eka yantra (machine) che, ane enA saghaLA vyApAra eka yantranA vyApAra mAphaka samajhavAnA che. e siddhAnta pramANe dareka vastu-ApaNuM antanA citanyanA vyApAra paNa-jaDa padArthanA TukaDAomAM zaktio (Forces) nI kheMcatANuthI thatI gationuM pariNAma che. arthAta jaDa vastu (Matter) e bhautika vastu che, ane A vizva te amuka gatinA niyamAnusAra AkAzamAM bhamatA evA jaDa padArthanA geLAnuM ja baneluM che. jijJAsu-A daSTibindu samajhavuM saheluM che, kAraNa ke e sAmAnya buddhinuM dRSTibindu che. jaDa vastu eTale dezakALamAM raheluM dravya. eTale sAmAnya manuSya A traNa padArthone maulika padArtho mAne che? dravya, deza ane kAla,

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navAM darzana vidvAna-ema ja. paNa have sAyansanI daSTimAM je mahAna parivata thayo che te e ja ke have dravya (jaDa) deza ane kAla-evA traNa maulika padArtho manAtA nathI. A parivarta be saMzodhanane anvaye thayo che eka te jaDanuM pRthakkaraNa karatAM, ane bIjuM deza ane kAlanuM vivecana karatAM, A pRthakkaraNane pariNAme jaDa dravya e vastu mAtranA taLamAM rahela eka padArtha ("substance") manAtuM maTI gayuM che, ane deza ane kALa evA svatanta padArtho paNa, vivecana karatAM, jaNAtA nathI. ane e spaSTa thatuM jAya che ke A vizvane eka yatna kahyuM jAya ema nathI. A rIte, jAne jaDavAda maraNa pAme che. jijJAsu-deza ane kAlanuM pRthakkaraNa te zuM e mane samajAvo. Ether (AkAza) ane Space (deza) have lagabhaga eka ja arthamAM vaparAya che e huM jANuM chuM, ane kALa saMbadhI ApaNuM vicAre have pharI gayA che e paNa huM jANuM chuM. deza ane kALa vacce zo saMbadha che e kahezo? vidvAna-deza ane kAlanA navA tatvavivecananA saMbaMdhamAM prasiddha nAma AinasTAinanuM che. paNa AInasTAIna pite ja kahe che tema e vivecanane kendrabhUta vicAra mULa pelA tejasvI ane kalpaka gaNitazAstrI mirkerakI (Minkowski) ne che. minneskIna siddhAnta samajhavAne uttama mArge je pagale pagale e siddhAnta upara e AvyuM e pagalAM jotA javAnuM che. jijJAsu-e lAMbA ane kaThina mArga choDI daIne kahe ke eNe che siddhAnta bAvyo? vidvAna-mikalsana-meli (Michelson-Morley)nA prayogathI zarU karI AInasTAIna amuka nirNaya upara AvyA. e evA nirNaya upara Avyo ke eka svatanna deza ke eka svatanta kAla evA kaI padArtha che ja nahi. eka mANasane deza ane eka mANasane kAla bIjA mANasanA deza ane kAlathI bhinna che. arthAta deza ane kAla vastutaH sApekSa padArtho che, je emanI gati upara AdhAra rAkhe che, paNa emAM utaravAnI jarUra nathI. samajI levAnI vAta A che ke svatanna, nirupAdhika evo koI deza nathI, ane evo koI kAla nathI-ke jenA upara ApaNo anubhava avalakhele heya. ApaNA 21. samAnI (Me , pelA ane

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162 navAM darzana manamAMthI deza ane kAlanA jAnA vicAro kADhI nAMkhavA joIe, je ApaNe AInasTAinanuM sUkSma vizva samajhavA mAgatA hoIe te. jijJAsu-meM Apane eka prazna pUche che ke deza ane kAla vacce saMbadha ? vidvAna-tamArA praznano muddo huM pUrepUro samaje nathI. mAnasadaSTie deza ane kAla vacce ghaNe bheda che. paNa bhautika sAyansanI daSTie e be vacce tatvataH kAMI bheda nathI, bemAMthI ekenuM svataMtra astitva nathI. eka ja nipAdhika svatanna satanAM be svarUpa (aspects) che. eka svatanna mUlabhUta sata che, jene "SpaceTime" eTale ke deza ane kAlanuM avizleSya yugala (athAta daitAdvaita, daitamAM raheluM advaita) kahevAmAM Ave che. e caturmAna (lITI, corasa ane ghana ema dezanAM traNa mAna ane te uparAMta cothuM kAlanuM bhAna ema cAra bhAna vALuM-four-dimensional) -akhaMDa sat te hAlamAM jagajAhera thaelA AInsTAInanA upAdhivAda yAne sApekSatAvAda ((Relativity theory) nI mUla zilA che. jijJAsu-keTalAka vidvAne kahe che ke ApaNe AtmA (Mind) ane deha (Body) e be eka bIjAthI chUTA ane svatanna padArtho nathI, paNa baMne eka ja mULa padArthanAM be rUpa che; e mULa padArthane teo "Mind-Body" yAne "deha-AtmA" kahe che-4 jenuM eka rU5 AtmA ane bIjuM deha che. deza-kAla paNa avizleSya che ema jyAre vartamAna sAyansa kahe che tyAre ene vivakSita artha samajhAvavA mATe A khoTuM dRSTAnta che? vidvAna-nA; daSTAnta ThIka che. A siddhAntanI vigata samajhavI kaThaNa che, "Relativity Theory" (sApekSatAvAda) nI sthApanAnAM pagalAM vigatavAra samajhavAM bahu ja kaThaNa che. paNa A vAta kharI che ke * mahoTA pAyA upara, eTale ke vizvanA vistAramAM, AvAja prakAta- puruSanA yugalane zAstra "ardhanArI-naTezvara" kahe che. * mImAMsakone eka varga AtmAne "" vA vAyA rUpa mAne che. + bhUtapUrva banArasa hindu yunivarsiTInA gaNitazAstranA prakhyAta

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navAM darzana 163 manuSya deza kALa vacce je bheda pADe che e mULa prakRtimAM paramArtha mAM--nathI. jijJAsu arthAt, deza (Space) ane kAla (Time) viSe sAmAnya lAkabuddhi (Common sense)nA vicAra e mAtra kAmacalAu che--eTale ke emAM pAramArthika nahi paNa mAtra vyAvahArika satya che. manuSyanI duniyAmAM deza ane kAla sApekSa che; paNa mULa prakRtimAM--paramArthamAM--je dezakAla nAmaka eka padArtha che te eka nirupAdhika, avikriya padArtha che. vidvAna--ema ja. vizvanA A navA darzana pramANe ApaNe jene jaDa vastu kahIe chIe te deza ane kAlamAM nathI, paNa e jaDa vastu deza-kAla nAmaka eka padArthanA aMza che. [In this new view of the universe what we call matter does not exist in space and time; matter becomes a part of space-time. ] jijJAsu--paNa ApaNe jene jaDa vastu kahIe chIe e ilekaTrAna yAne vidyutkaNunA vAda mujaba, enuM pUrU pRcakkaraNa karatAM, mAtra vidyut te zaktinA ja aNue siddha thAya che. e vidyutanA aNue amuka saMyeAga thatAM rAsAyanika aNue ( Chemical atoms ) ane che, ane rAsAyanika aNuo maLI jaDapiMDa (lumps of matter) ane che. vidvAna--ema ja. e ilekaTrAnsa (vidyut-aNu) viSe ApaNe AgaLa jatAM vizeSa vAta karIzuM. paNa atyAre eTalu ja kahevuM khasa che ke A vidyut--aNu kAIpaNa jaDa dravyanAM banelAM nathI, ane te ja pramANe mhe upara kahyu te caturthAMna (four-dimensional ) eka akhaMDa--avicchinna-satata ( continuum) dezakAla nAmaka padArtha paNa jaDa dravya ( immaterial ) nathI. vidvAna DaoN. gaNezaprasAdane me eka vakhata pUcheluM ke Relativity-Theory ame samajhI zakIe e rUpamAM samajhAvaze ? emaNe uttara dIdheleke e azakaya che." tattvajJAnIe peAtAnI rIte e vAdane samajhI le che paNa te paNa bhUla che ema keTalAkanuM mAnavuM che.

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164 navAM darzana jijJAsu--je eka akhaMDa satata padArtha (continuum) kahyo te avicchinna, 'sabhara'bharI kAI vastu, pariNAma vA dravya ema ja nai? vidvAna--ema ja; arthAt vizvamAM kayAMe paNu viccheda, ' antara'vA 'chidra' nathI. paNa A mULa padArthanA saMbandhamAM jaDa vastunA atyArasudhI cAlatA khyAla tamAre cheDI devA joie. mhe je avicchinna vastu kahI e joI ke sparzI zakAya evI nathI, tema manathI enuM citra paNa pADI zakAya tema nathI. tamArA sarve citranI pAchaLa raheluM e sattva che. mana ene akhila rUpe grahaNa karI zakatuM nathI. e ene deza kAla ane vastu ema traNa padmArthImAM vibhakta karIne ja grahaNa kare che. paNa paramArthamAM e traNe padyArthI eka akhaMDa padArthanA rUpa mAtra ja che. A deza-kAla padArtha, amuka sthaLe macaDAtAM, ( distorted ) vikRta thatAM, jaDa vastu (matter) ane che. deza ane kAla upara mana jyAre kAma kare che tyAre mana sarjaka ane che. e zI rIte e kAma kare che e ApaNe jANatA nathI, paNa e kAMIka kare che ane ene pariNAme prakRtibhUta jaDa vastu utpanna thAya che. jijJAsu--tame kaheA che! ke kAla e caturtha mAna ( fourth dimension) che, kAlane mAna ( mApa ) che e zI rIte kahevAya ? jema lITImAM eka binduthI khIjA bindu upara jaIe chIe, tema kAlamAM eka kSaNathI khIjA kSaNa upara jaIe chIe. vidvAna--kAlane mAna (mApa) cheH jijJAsu--tyAre A rIte dezanI kalpanA vinA kAlanI kalpanA banI zakatI nathI; ane te ja pramANe dezanI kAla vinAH Ama baMne eka khIjA sAthe saMkaLAelAM che, chUTAM pADI zakAya evAM nathI. vidvAna--kharAkhara; A caturmIna (four-dimensional ) jagamAM kAla e te te utpadyamAna vastu ane ghaTanAnI bahAranA padArtha nathI. e utpanna thatI vastu yAne banatI ghaTanAo sAthe saMkaLAelA che. e eka svatantra padmArtha nathI ke jenI aMdara vastuo vA ghaTanA / " yadA hyevaiSa patasminnudaramantaraM kurute atha tasya bhayaM mati".-upaniSadnA rAmAnuAcArye karelA artha.

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navAM darzana tamArA kapa jalarAzinA jalanI laherI rahelI (situated) heya. dezakAla e vastunuM upAdAna kAraNa | (stuff of things') che. jijJAsu-tyAre vastuo deza-kAlamAMthI prakaTa thAya che. eTale ke jaDa prakRti e dezakAla nAmaka eka avicchinna padArthaka-jene "AkAza (ethereal reality) kahIe -emAMthI sarva bhUta mAtrano Avibhava thAya che. jema sarovaranA jalanI laherIo e sarevarano, tathA enA dravyarUpa jalarAzine, bhAga che, te ja pramANe jaDa vastu- bhUta mAtra anapekSa, adazya ane ajaDa evA dezakAla nAmaka vastune bhAga che. dareka padArtha-tArA, pRthvI su tame sarve dezakAla nAmaka mahedadhinA tarage chIe eka ja mUlabhUta satanAM rUpa vA prakAra chIe, vidvAna-hA, ane have tame joI zakazo ke AInsTAInanA siddhAntane pariNAme A bhautika vizvanI ApaNI samajhaNa pahelAM karatAM keTalI badhI pharI gaI che! pelAM traNa maulika sata-deza, kAla ane jaDa davya (sUkSma bhUta)-eka paramArtha satamAM vilaya pAmyAM che--je catumana satata padArtho (four-dimensional continuum) ApaNe kahyo temAM. emAMthI ApaNuM mane deza ane kAlamAM bhamatA A paridRzyamAna bhUtadravyanA piDe sajya che. paramArtha sata ethI evuM bhinna che ke ene ApaNe kalpI paNa zakIe nahi. mAtra gaNitazAstrane AdhAre ApaNe ene vicArI zakIe. A akhaMDa ane pUrNa mahAna padArthamAM sarva avAntara padArtha che temane tema sthira (static) che. emAM kAlanI gati nathI. A mahApadArthane ApaNuM mana je artha kare che tene laI A daizika jagata ane kAlanI gati ane jIvananuM sarva nATaka (the whole drama of life) utpanna thAya che. jijJAsu-A5 gaNitazAstrI che. mane kahezo ke kevI gaNatarIthI, kevA tarkathI, gaNitazAstrIo A siddhAnta upara AvyA che? adazya, aspRzya, akathya padArthanuM teonuM zAstra hoya che. ja AzrayAzrayibhAvane badale upAdAnakAraNakAryasaMbandha mAnyo, * Ane upaniSad "mArA' kahe che.

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navA darzana A batAvavA yatna karIza. daramiyAna jaDa-- A vizva saMbandhI ApaNA vicArA 16 vidvAna--khIne kAI vakhate huM dravyanA A navA pRthakkaraNe kevA pheravI nAMkhyA che e viSe vAta karIzuM. jijJAsu--Apa mAnA che ke A sAyansanI zeAdheAthI sAmAnya buddhinA manuSyanI jIvana viSenI samajhaNamAM kAMI phera thayeA hoya ? vidvAna--jarUra thayA che. bIjI paNa asarA thaI che. sadhaLuM jJAna vaheluM me sAmAnya jananA antamAM Utare che, ane teo jANe paNu hi evI rIte emane vicAraparivata karI mUke che. A rIte sAyansanI AinasTAinanA navIna ( gaNitazAstranI ) zAdhAe janasamAjanuM dRSTibindu badalI nAMkhyuM che. [ vasanta, phAlguna, 1987

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eka harikIrtina eka harikIrtana aMgreja prajAnI anupama saphaLatAvALI rAjyapaddhatimAM eka lAkSaNika tattva e jovAmAM Ave che ke-sahasA ene kaI pheraphAra karavo te nathIH prathama te e pheraphAranI viruddha ja paDe che; paNa e pheraphAra enA Atarasattva ane nyAyane baLe pitAmAM caitanya dAkhave che eTale e ene satkAra ApavA mAMDe che, ene pitAmAM bheLave che, ene pitAno ja karI le che. prathama sAmI prIta, pachI satakAra, pachI saha-kAra, ane pachI svI-kAra, evo krama che. AvI ja rItanI saMrakSaNanI ane udAratAnI vRtti hindusthAnanA dhArmika itihAsamAM, brAhmaNoe dekhADI che. dharma kezanA rakSaka tarIke prathama teoe navA sudhArAnI viruddha lAgaNuM darzAvI che, te e sudhArAe potAmAM dhArmika citanya siddha karI batAvyuM ke turata ene satkAra paNa Ape che. ane e sudhArAne enA mULa pravartake je sevA nahi karI hoya te sevA e brAhmaNoe karI che. eTaluM ja nahi, paNa jema hindusthAnamAM aMgreja rAjyakartAoe pisTa-tAra-relave-zaherasudharAI ane keLavaNI vagere sudhArA mATe mULa lokalAgaNanI vATa joI nathI, tema A brAhmaNa zAstrakAroe paNa ghaNuM sudhArA pitAnI meLe ja dAkhala karyA che- ane enuM eka uttama udAharaNa, dharmanAM UMDAM satyone lekacara karavA mATe uttarettara emaNe karelA yatno che. prathama emaNe vedane ja pramANa mAnyA; ane enI zuddhi jALavavA khAtara zadrAdikane vedanuM zravaNa karavAne niSedha karyo. paNa te ja sAthe, itihAsa ane purANa racI, vedanAM ja UMDAM satye lekane, madhura ane sundara vANumAM--veda karatAM paNa vadhAre cittAkarSaka rUpe, ApyAM; ane "vizvAsapurANa re samudyuta'="itihAsa ane purANu vaDe vedanuM sArU upabahaNa-vistAra, pipaNu-karavuM." evo vidhi dAkhala karyo. kALa jatAM asaMkhya vanaspatithI bharapUra A vanamAM, amRta-AdhinI sAthe nakAmAM jhAMkharAM paNa ghaNuM UgyAM, ane viSaSadhi paNa UgI. Akhare nakAmI ane hAnikAraka oSadhiothI amRta eSadhine oLakhI kADhI enI eka navI vADI racavAno prayatna thaye kahe che ke vyAsajIne mahAbhArata ane aSTAdaza purANa racIne AtmahuSTi na thaI, tethI sarvanA madhurarasarUpa zrImadbhAgavata racyuM. paNa jo veda parvatanI sAtamI Take hatA, te A vADI paNa parvatanI karADe ja hatI. zikhara jeTalI te bezaka e dudhiroha nahatI tathApi

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168 eka harikIrtinA saMskRta bhASAnI viSama zilAo upara paga mUkI mUkIne tyAM caDhavuM paDatuM. tethI e vADInAM sundara sundara vRkSo laI keTalAka sAdhu purUSoe e parvatanI taLeTIe vAvyAM-jemAM gAmanA majuriyAta ko harI-pharI AkhA divasane thAka UtAre, ane Arogya meLave. A rIte bhAgavatAdika-jJAnabhakti ane vairAgyanA saMskRta grantha-mAMthI keTalAMka AkhyAne laI enAM rasika vivecanarUpe, haridAsae, sAmAnya loka AgaLa harikIrtana karavAnI paddhati dAkhala karI. bhagavAne paNa kahyuM ke huM jevo vaikuMThamAM nathI vasate te sAdhu puruSanA hRdayamAM vasuM chuM, ane jyAM cAra bhakate maLI mAruM kIrtana kare che tyAM vasuM chuM, pAmara manuSya bhagavAna pAse jaI na zakyo tyAre kRpALu bhagavAna pote page cAlIne manuSya pAse AvyA. A ApaNuM harikIrtanane pUrva vaMzAvatAra. A harikIrtanane dharmopadezanA sAdhana uparAMta eka manahara kaLA banAvavAnuM mAna mahArASTrane che. gujarAte jema hindusthAnanI saMgItakaLAne strIone garaba+ Ape, tema mahArASTra upadezakaLAmAM "hara(ri)dAsanI kathA zodhI kADhI. mahArASTranuM anukaraNa karIne gUjarAte paNa ghaNuMka varSa thayAM haradAsanI kathA dAkhala karI che-paNa hajI keLavAelA gujarAtIoe emAM bahu bhAga lIdhe nathI. ene rUpAntara pamADIne--jo ke rasika rUpAntara pamADIne -rA. anantaprasAda trikamalAla vaiSNava ApaNuM prAntamAM harikIrtana kare che. paNa mahArASTranI DhabanI haradAsakathA te rA. narasiMharAva, rA. ba. ramaNabhAI Adi thoDAka vidvAno prArthanAsamAjanA utsava vagere prasaMge kare che te ja. hAlamAM rA. narasiMharAvanuM eka harikIrtana sAMbhaLavAne mane gaI tA. 25 mI ogasTane dine sAMtAkrujhamAM prasaMga maLyA hatA. sAMtAkrajha muMbaInuM eka paruM che, ane hAlamAM tyAM, vidyA-arthe muMbAI gaelA ghaNuM vidyArthIo ane anya vidyAvyAsaMgI yuvake vase che. teonA sAhityaviSayaka premathI AkarSAI rA. narasiMharAve upara kahelI tArIkhe sAMjhe eka meLAvaDe che hato-temAM puruSa ane strIo ubhaye bahu sArI rIte bhAga lIdho hato. haradAsI kIrtananA sAMpradAyika rUpamAM-pUrvaraMga ane AkhyAna evA be bhAga hoya che. pUrvaraMgamAM siddhAntanI bhUmikA bAMdhI, e upara AkhyAna racavAmAM Ave che, ane chevaTe mULanA upadeza upara zrotAjanane lAvI samApti karavAmAM Ave che. tadanusAra, rA. narasiMharAve pUrvaraMgamAM- + garabI uparAMta.

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eka harakIrtana nindantu nItinipuNA 'yadi vA stuvantu lakSmI: samAvizatu gacchatu vA yatheSTam / adhaiva vA maraNamastu yugAntare vA nyAyyAt pathaH pravicalanti padaM na dhIrAH // e prasiddha bhatRharine zoka laI, ene artha samajAvI, enAM be udAharaNa ane eka pratyudAharaNa rUpe (1) uttara rAmacaritane sItAtyAga, (2) gautamabuddhanuM mahAbhiniSkramaNa, ane (3) yudhiSThiranuM azvatthAmAnA maraNa saMbadhI avyakta asatyakathana-e traNa prasaMge lIdhA hatA. ane chevaTe, daDhatAthI nIti AcaravAne, te mATe lakSmInI darakAra tyajI sAdAI vagere guNa keLavavAne tathA vastutaH maraNa evuM kAMI che ja nahi e samajavAne upadeza karyo hate. mAre yudhidiranA e asatyakathananI kathA para rA. narasiMharAva joDe jUne matabheda che-e saMbaMdhI huM anya prasaMge kahIza. atyAre te huM mAtra pahelAM be AkhyAne sAMbhaLatAM mArA manamAM je je bhAva ubhavyA te ja atre noMdhavA mAguM chuM. tema karavAmAM-rA. narasiMharAvanA vivecanamAMthI mArI samakSa upasthita thatA keTalAka tattvajJAnanA prazno carcavAne lAbha paNa huM bAjupara rAkhIza-jethI te ja samayanI mArI hadayanI sthiti enA sAdA rUpamAM mArA vAcake AgaLa huM mUkI zakuM. 1) mane rA. narasiMharAvanA A kIrtinamAM sauthI vadhAre sItAtyAgane prasaMga gamyo. huM jANuM chuM ke vartamAna samayamAM, jyAre ApaNA lokane prAcIna rAjabhAvanA jhAMkhI thaI gaI che ane strI pratyenA ApaNe dharmo vadhAre sArI rIte samajAvA lAgyA che, tyAre rAjadharmanI kalpanA karavA karatAM patidharmanI kalpanA karavI vadhAre saraLa paDe che, ane tethI rAme karelo sItAtyAga rAmamAM dUSaNarUpe ja ghaNAne bhAse che. paNa A viSayamAM prAcIna daSTibindune vaLagI rahI, rA. narasiMharAve rAmamAM ugra rAjadharmanI bhAvanA mUrtimanta thatI joI ethI bahu rAjI thayo. rAma pote ja potAne nyAya hAthamAM le te kevuM pariNAma Ave ItyAdi dalIlanuM zaraNa na letAM- 2. narasiMharAve bahu abhuta kuzaLatAthI-saMgItathI tema ja emanI manahara vANuthI, zrotAonAM hadaya rAmanA sItA pratyenA premamAM evAM ekatAne karyo ke vivAdanA AkhA praznane buddhinI bhUmikAmAMthI upADI hadayanI bhUmikA upara mUkI dIdho. rara

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170 eka harikIrtana "hadaya he ! te ja priyA paraharI !--(dhruva ) bALapaNathI prema dharI mana ucherI poSaNa karI-hRdaya ho ! sakhyayogathI dUra vasthAnI leza vAta nava dharI ho ! kasAI pALI pachI kapAtIura nirdaya de charI, , tema kapaTathI Aja priyAne mRtyumukhe dau, hari!-hRdaya ho! A ane AvA bIja vacane saMgItakAro sAMbhaLIne jene ekavAra rAmane sItA upara kevo prema hatuM enuM bhAna hRdayamAM-magajamAM nahi paNa hRdayamAM-jAmI gayuM che, tene dasa sItAtyAgathI paNa e bhAna zithila thavAnuM hatuM? ulaTuM, e prema te strInA samAgamakAlanuM svArthI sukha nahatuM paNa viga-nitya viga-nI kasoTIthI adhika dIpI nIkaLatA ananyabhAva hato e pratIti vadhAre tIvra thatI hatI. bezaka, e ananyabhAva hRdayamAM utAryA vinA pUrepUre kalpanAmAM Ava kevo muzkela che e jANIne ja vAlmiIkie kahyuM che ke - ___ " hRdayaM tveva jAnAti prItiyoga parasparam" rAma ane sItAnAM hRdaya-bhUlyA, emanuM hRdayae ja teone paraspara prItiga jANe che. ane rA. narasiMharAva jevAnI madhura vANIthI, ane saMgItanI madadathI, ke prabaLa kalpanAnA prabhAvathI, e hRdaya te kSaNavAra ApaNuM thAya tyAre ja sItAtyAganuM yathArtha svarUpa samajAya. bAkI nItizAstramAM kuzaLa jane-vadhAre lAbha sItAne tyajavAthI thAya ke sItAne rAkhavAthI thAya, rAjadharma adhika ke patidharma adhika, huM ene tyajIza te enuM ane enA udaramAM bALa che tenuM zuM thaze?--ItyAdi pariNamanA vicArane naitika DahApaNa kahenArA janonA daSTibinduthI rAme joyuM heta te emane juja karavuM sUjhata. paNa rAmane te nItizAstrIonI darakAra nahatIH - "nirUtu nItinipuvi dhi kA rAvatu" -e emanuM daSTibandu hatuM. sItA kyAM pitAthI judAM hatAM ke emanA dharmane savAla emane vicAravo paDe ? emane te vAlmIki kahe che tema pratyeka bipA sItA rAmaracAnana mahArAja !" sItA prakRti thakI ja, svabhAvathI ja, naisargika rIte ja vahAlAM hatAM. e vahAlane emane jagatane dekhADo karavAno nahote.

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eka harikIrtana K jItu (2) mUlamantranI khIjI paMkti---- jamI sAviAtu vA cabheTa."----enA udAharaNamAM rA, narasiharAve siddhArthe--gautamajIddanA mahAbhiniSkramaNanI kathA lIdhI. A krama zrotAjanane ThIka paDayA, kAraNa ke mahAbhiniSkramaNamAM paNa sItAtyAganI mAphaka dhama~arthe svasukhanA tyAganI ja vAta che--tathApi emAM sItAtyAga jevA kartavyane vikaTa prasaMga nathI, ane tethI kalpanAzaktine pahelA ApyAna karatAM AmAM eche zrama paDe che. e mATe rA. narasiMharAve peAte mULa eDavina ArnolDanA " Light of Asia " ne AdhAre, gujarAtImAM keTalAka kAvyakhaDa racyA che temAMnA ekanA upayAga karyo. A kathA----je sItAtyAga karatAM sAmAnya vAcakane ochI jANItI che te nIcenA utArAthI jANavAmAM AvazeH-- (DhArA ) nAtha samIpa sUtI hatI, mRdu zayyAmAM je; ardha UTho tyahA~ rANI e, ta" prAvaraNe de. karatala e bhALe dharyAM, ura uchaLe avirAma, garagara arthe DhALatI, sundarI e guNadhAma; siddhArthataNA kara pachI, sunmyA kaIM traNavAra, trIje cumbane kahyurava, kIdhA mRduM uccAra. " nAtha ! jAgA / nAtha ! jAgA ! 19 vANI gho AzvAsanI C zuM che? prANa 'zuM? vhAlI! zuM che? pUchatA ullAsathI. ( gIti ) taSive avyakta ja, ke vANI rahI kAMIM aTakI; DUmA hradaya bharAyA;aMte rANI vadI sudIna khanI. ( kutavilammita ) mUrtI huM nAtha? sukhe mRdu nIMdare; zizu vahuM udare tuja te sphurra, vana, meda, ane vaLI premanI, dviguNu nAOM vahI hradaye rahI,

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17ra eka harikIrtana sukhada gAna ja teNe huM suNa, madhura nIMdaramAM zamatI ghaNuM; paNa ahA ! kaMI svama ja kAramAM anubhavI chaLI jAgI huM te havAM." pachI rANIe potAne AvelAM svapna siddhArthane kahyAM tyAre- vade siddhAthA-"e mArI madhurI padmanI kaLI! sarva che svama e rUDAM, dIThAM je he pharI pharI." rANuM he -"satya e nAtha ! paNa eha virAmatAM, ghera vANI suNI mahe ta-AvI e veLa?" ema tyahAM." siddhArthe ghaNuM AzvAsana dIdhuM--paNa "AvI e veLa" e zabdone bheda rANathI samajAya nahi, ane e vadhAre ne vadhAre mUMjhAvA lAgI. Akhare- (anuSTra) retI retI paDI nidrA mahi teya nisAsathI UchaLe ura, jANe e svapravANuM prakAzatI; "vaLa e! AvI veLa e!" e samayanI siddhArthanI sthiti kavi nIce pramANe varNave che - (viSama harigIta) e same siddhArtha UMcA vyomamAMhi nihALate, ne, je ! zazI tahi karka rAzimAM rahyocha virAja, ne graho cirakALa pUrve bhAkhiyA kramamAM UbhA, vadhatA jA-"AvI rajanie ! uddhAravA, jana je DUkhyA; bhArga varya tuM puNyane ke jagatakerI vibhUtine, A kSaNa je nirNaya kaThina karyuM sukhaduHkhakerI prasutine; rAjane adhirAja banIne ANu nija vartAvavA, ke mukuTa gRha viNa zanya bhaTakI jagatane ja bacAvavA. (valaNa ). vizva tAravA kAja A AvI paLa aNumUla." manuSyane kartavya karavAnI mAtra eka ja paLa Ave che-e paLa e sAcave che to tare che ane khuve che te DUbe che. " A aNamUla paLa" siddhArthe sAcavIH e bolI UThayoH

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eka harikIrtana ( garamI ) duHkhaDUbyA e jagajaMna ! A hu AvyeA re; tama kAja tAM muja rAjya, sukhA bahu vidhinAMre, rAjamandira sukhamaya sAja, rajanidina sukhanAre, ( sAkhI ) 66 173 kSaNe sahu thIM krutyaja eka, tanuM sarva e A rANlR madhurI ! te tAM have tuja bhujavA~ vhAlI surekha, " paNa Akhare e ' krutyaja eka ' ne, ane tenI sAthe; enA ' udare A vAra re je ubhagere'~ene paNa, vizvanA uddAra arthe tyajavAne e taiyAra thaI gayA ane-- ( cApAI traNa tAlanI ) karI yazeAdharAne praNAma, sUtI je bharanidrAmAM Ama, kAMIM bhAva avaNya bharelAM, nAMkhyAM tene vandvanapara ghelAM, hajI azruthI bhInuM vadana, levA chellI vadAyanuM mana, kIdhI pradakSiNA traNavAra, zayyA karI dharI bhaktibhAra; joDI, dhaDakate hradaye pANi, khelyA siddhArtha avicala vANIH-- karI A ramya zayyA mAhi, karuM zayana kadI hu nAhi." traNa veLA gayA rAjana, pATe AvyA vaLI veLa traNa; hevuM rANInuM saundaryapUra, hevA prema henA bharapUra; ante khaLa karI chUTayA zayanathI, dhAryAM zAka pachI nava manathI; cAlyA, zyAma rajanimAM cAlyA, mArga jyaMti anupanA jhAlyuM. 66 A AkhyAnamAM aneka ramaNIya citrA che. kAI eka citrathI Ananda pAmyuM haze, te kAI khIjAthI. huM paNa kadAca jude samaye judA citrathI Ananda pAmata. paNa A samaye vastutaH mArA mana upara sauthI vadhAre asara, karanAra nIcenI e lITI nIvaDI " e same siddhArthe UMcA vyeAmamAMhi nihALatA, cAlyA, zyAma rajanimAM cAlyuM..............' " " e same siddhArtha UMcA byAma mAMhi nihALatA." e saMgItamukhe sAMbhaLatAM ja~~~ eka taraph UMcu vyeAma ane khIjI tarapha siddhArthe--e e vaccenA bheda bahu utkaTa rIte mArI STi AgaLa upasthita thayA, ane manamAM

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174 eka harIphakIrtana prazna UTho ke-A bemAM adhika keNu?" kavi kahe che siddhArthane tArakavRddhe preryo. paNa mane lAge che ke prakRti ane jIvaloka ubhayamAMthI satyanuM darzana karAvavAnA lebhamAM kavizrI siddhArthanA jJAnanuM viziSTa svarUpa bhUlAI gayuM che. "hane preratA tArakavRnda ! A huM AvyuM."e nahi; paNa dukhaDUkhyA e jagajana! A huM Avyo re." -e ja siddhArthanA abhiniSkramaNane hetu che. ane A vAta smaraNamAM AvatAM e tArakavRnda ane siddhArthanA abhiniSkramaNanA preraka baLarUpe na jaNAtAM, suda bhautika rajakaNanI mAphaka e mArI daSTi AgaLathI vaLAI gayA-ane siddhArtha eklo ja enI abhuta bhavyatAthI mArI daSTi AgaLa ubhele rahyo. "duHkhadukhyA jagajana! A huM Avyo re!" - e ugAra kadI paNa tArakavRnda-"Nature red in tooth and claw'-ugArI zakavAnAM hatAM? ane e- cAlyA zyAma rajanimAM cAlyo-' ema kIrtanakAre gAyuM, ane aMdhArI rajanI vistarelI zrotAjanane, kuzaLa vyAkhyAnanA be cAra zabdathI, pratyakSa dekhAI. te vAre e zyAma rajanIne andhakAra paNa mArAM netra AgaLa gautama buddhanA jJAnatejathI pheDAto hoya ema dIsavA lAgyuM ane ___ yA nizA sarvabhUtAnAM tasyAM jAgati saMyamI' e paMktine artha bevaDA satyathI bharAelo mArI najara AgaLa Ave. (3) trIjuM AkhyAna yudhiSThiranA asatyakathananuM pratyedAharaNa rUpe hatuM. athaiva vA maraNamastu yugAntare vaa|| evI daDhatAne abhAve--yudhiSThira jA huM bolyA; e batAvI, (4) jIvananI tRNuM je aneka pApanuM mULa che te TALavA kIrtanakAre nIcenI paMktio vaDe jagatanI kSaNikatA tarapha zrotAjananuM bahu asarakAraka rIte dhyAna kheMcyuM - jAya che jagata cAlyuM re e jIva ne. jene tuM pATaNa jevAM sArAM hatAM zahera kevAM; Aja te ujaDa e te re, e jIva jene. rUDA rUDA rANuMjAyA, meLavI athAga bhAyA;

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eka harakIrtana 175 kALe tenI paDI kAyA re, o jIva jene, che jene chAyA thatI, rUDI jenI hatI ratI; kyAM gayA karoDapati re, o jIva jene. jarI je AjArI thatA, hAjara hakIma hatA; tenA te na lAge patA re, o jIva jene. neka nAmadAra nAme, TharyAM jaI smazAna ThAme; dIThA dalapatarAme re, o jIva jene." A vairAgyane upadeza e rA. narasiMharAvanA kIrtanamAM eka he deSa hatuM ema eka avalokanakAre "The Oriental Review nAmanA patramAM jAhera karyuM che. e avalokanakAra pUche che ke zuM maraNa karatAM janma ochA mahatvane banAve che ke dharmopadeSTAo janmano Ananda vIsarI jaI maraNanAM duHkha ja gAyAM kare che? ane jagatanA saghaLA dharmomAM mRtyu viSe bahu kahevAmAM Ave che e mATe e kheda darzAve che. paNa huM pUchuM chuM ke dharmane uddeza je bIjI dunIA tarapha manuSyanAM netra UghADavAne hAyaA jIvanane paNa ananta jIvananA eka bhAga tarIke ja pavitra TharAvavAne heya-te je je banAvathI e bIjI dunIAnuM--e ananta jIvananuM bhAna vadhAre utkaTa thAya te te banAva upara dharmopadezamAM vizeSa lakSa apAya e svAbhAvika nathI? AvA banAvo kayA kayA che e vize Prof. James "Varieties of Religious Experience" jevAthI, ane emAM mRtyuno banAva mANasanA mana upara kevI asara karavA samartha che e viSenI vigata vAMcavAthI-e banAvane dharmopadezamAM ATale badhe mahimA kema che e samajAze. mRtyu e badhA jIvanamAMthI para jIvanamAM javAnuM dvAra che; ane e dvAra tarapha najara thAya che tyAre parajIvananuM bhAna thAya che. tethI ja pleTae tatvajJAnane mRtyu uparanuM nididhyAsana kahyuM che, ane ApaNAM upaniSadamAM naciketAe paNatattvajJAna mRtyudevayama-pAsethI meLavyAnI AkhyAyikA che. A pramANe vairAgyane upadeza karavAmAM rA. narasiMharAvane uddeza zrotAjana upara zekanI chAyA prasAravAno nahote. mRtyunA bhAnathI jIvananI gaMbhIratA prakaTa karI, turata emaNe- "bharavAM sehalAM re, saMta sukhe jagatathI jAze." ema batAvI, maraNamAMthI zokanI chAyA UDAvI dIdhI-ane mRtyune kharA artha samajAtAM ja jIvana ananta thaI gayuM, eTale jJAnInI dRSTie te

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176 eka harikIrtana mRtyu marI gayuM re lola." pachI maraNane zoka kyAM raho?--ema bahu uttama rIte chevaTane bodha karyo. have A kIrtanamAM mane eka UnatA lAgI te kahuM. nItinI ugra bhAvanA-harakIrtanamAM, prabhurasathI jevI pIgaLavI joIe tevI pIgALavAmAM AvI na hatI. kartavyanI asidhArAne prabhupremanI puSpamALA banAvavAmAM AvI na hatI. pazcimanA dhArmika itihAsamAMthI eka sthaLa bheda upayogamAM laI te- AkhA kIrtinamAM "Old Testament" ne "New Testament" karavAmAM AvyuM na hatuM-Law ne "Love" karavAmAM Avyo na hato. rA. narasiMharAvanuM kIrtana sAMbhaLatAM mArA manamAM je bhAva UgelA tenI A bhArI TUMka noMdha. atyAre e noMdhanuM huM avalokana karuM chuM to emAM tatvajJAnanA cAra mahatvanA viSaye samAelA mArI najare paDe che - (1) buddhi ane daya ( 2 ) prakRti ane puruSa ( 3 ) A jIvana ane parajIvana ( 4 ) nIti ane prema jema rA. narasiMharAve te kIrtanamAM carcelA ke ullekhelA tatvajJAnanA prazno meM bAju para mukyA che, tema mArA pitAnA bhAvamAMthI upasthita thatA A tattvajJAnanA viSayo paNa mAre choDI devA paDe che. enA alpa nirUpaNa mATe paNa atre sthaLa nathI. tema ene, rA. narasiMharAvanA rasika kIrtanane, tatvajJAnanI viSama dalIlomAM gUMcavI nAMkhavuM e, AvAM kIrtananA udezathI tema mArI noMdhanA uddezathI viruddha heI, mane anucita lAge che. [vasanta, Azvina, 1968]

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yudhiSThiranuM asatyakathana 177 23 yudhiSThiranuM asatyakathana Azvina mAsamAM rA. narasiMharAvanA harikIrtananuM avalokana karatAM meM jaNAvyuM hatuM ke yudhiSThiranA asatyakathana paratve mAre emanI sAthe jUne matabheda che. A vAMcI keTalAkane Azcarya sAthe prazna thayo haze ke zuM huM asatyane bacAva karate haIza? A zaMkAnA uttaramAM huM AraMbhe ja jaNAvI dauM ke huM asatyane lezabhAra paNa bacAva karato nathI; eTaluM ja nahi paNa, mAre mate, AvuM asatya-ardhasatya hAI satyamAM bhaLI, satyanuM mithyA rUpa dhAraNa karI-saMpUrNa ane haDahaDatA asatya karatAM paNa vadhAre nukasAnakAraka che. paNa prakRti prasaMgamAM asatyanI nindI karavA jatAM ghaNA vyAkhyAnakAre yudhiSThirane ane mahAbhAratakArane aNadhArI rIte keTaloka anyAya kare che e prakaTa karavAnuM mAruM tAtparya che. e zI rIte te batAvavA pahelAM-e asatyakathananA prasaMgane TUMkAmAM anuvAda karuM. prasaMga Avo che. droNa pAMDavanI senA sAme raNe caDhayA che, ane asaMkhya sainikane nAza karyo jAya che--e joI pAMDavo kaMpavA lAgyA. mAtra arjuna draNanI sAme laDhI zake eve che, paNa arjuna "dharmavita'--dharma, kAyIkArya jANanAra-che, eTale guru sAme e kadI paNa zastra UpADanAra nathI--ema vicArI "timAna re sua RAjunamatravata"--pAMDanA zreyamAM tatpara ane buddhimAna evA kRSNa arjunane kahyuM -ke droNanA hAthamAM jyAM sudhI zastra che tyAM sudhI jayanI AzA vyartha che eTaluM ja nahi, paNa e sarvane nAza karI nAMkhaze, mATe have te kAMIka yukti zodhI kADhavI joIe. mane lAge che ke azvatthAmAne bharAyo jANe te e zastra phekI de. mATe kaIka mANasa "azvatthAmA bharAya' ema ene kahe to ThIka, ajune A salAha pasaMda na karI, bhIme karI. bhIme mAlavarAjanA azvatthAmA nAmanA hAthIne mAryo ane koNa pAse jaI "azvathAmA ta ta muvAra "--azvatthAmA bharAya" ema UMce svare jAhera karyuM. A sAMbhaLI droNane zarIre kSaNavAra parasevo chUTI gayA, paNa bhImanI vANamAM ene zraddhA nahotI ane pitAnA putranuM baLa e jANato hato eTale e vAta mAnI nahi, ane bevaDA jussAthI zatrunI senAne saMhAra cAla rAkhyo. * mATe matabheda' karatAM daSTibheda kahuM to te vadhAre yathArtha jaNAze. 23

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178 yudhiSThiranuM asatyakathana A joI-bhAratakAra kahe che ke-vizvAmitrAdika RSione cintA paDI ke pRthvI kSitriya thaI jaze ane tethI teoe droNu samakSa AvI brAhmaNa tarIke eno zo dharma che, ane zo adharma karavA beThe che, enuM ene bhAna karAvyuM. emAM "karmita zata cuda ="teM A yuddha adhabhaMthI AdaryuM che" ItyAdi kahevA uparAMta eka vAta e batAvI ke tArA jevA vedavedAMgavita brAhmaNane A krUra karma zobhe nahi, eTaluM ja nahi paNa "rakSA tathA rAdhA aneaar suvi'-brahmAstra vaDe te astravidyA na jANanArA pRthvI upara hajAre puruSone bALI mUkyA e kAma teM sAruM karyuM nathI. mATe choDI de, ane zAzvata brahmane mArge caDha-manuSyalokamAM vasavAne tAre kALa paNa pUro thayo che. bhImane pUrvokta uccAra ane RSionAM A vacane sAMbhaLI draNanA mana upara eTalI asara thaI ke putra marI gayo hoya te have mAre zastra cheDI devAM. ema emaNe vicAra karyo. bhImanA vacanamAM te emane zraddhA nahotI, tethI droNaguru-(rA. narasiMharAve A pachInI badhI hakIkata emanA harikIrtanamAM lIdhI che tethI te emanA sundara zabdamAM ja utAruM chuM.) DhALa yudhiSThirane pUchate nija suta haNu ke nahi, droNagunI pUrNa zraddhA pArthanAM vacano mahi; maLe rAjya trikanuM paNa e vade na asatya je, bAlyakALathI satya kerI Aza henI rAkhato. * visthAbitro mAryarabrAnaDA nautamaH | afg kazyapo'trizca brahmalokaM ninISayaH // sikatAH pRznayo gargA vAlakhilyA marIcipAH // bhRgavo'Ggirasazcaiva sUkSmAzcAnye maharSayaH // te enamabruvansaveM droNamAhavazobhinam // adharmataH kRtaM yuddhaM samayo nidhanasya te // nyasyAyudhaM raNe droNa samIkSAsmAnavasthitAn // nAtaH krUrataraM karma punaH kartumihArhasi // vedavedAMgaviduSaH satyadharmaratasyate // brAhmaNasya vizeSeNa tavaitannopapadyate // tyajAyudhamamogheSo tiSTha vatmani zAzvate // paripUrNazca kAlaste vastuM loke'dha mAnuSe // brahmAstreNa tvayA dagdhA anatrajJA narA bhuvi // yadetadIzaM vipra kRtaM karma ma sAdhu tat // nyasyAyudhaM raNe vipra droNa mA tvaM ciraM kRthAH / / mA pApiSThataraM karma kariSyasi punarvija //

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yudhiSThiranuM asatyakathana 1 govinda joyuM je pRthvI thAze pAMDavahIna, samarAMgaNa je droNa ghUmaze, tethI vyathita tha dIna; dharmarAjAne vadata vANuM -ardha divasa je droNa, krodha dharIne jhUjhaze te, satya kahuM rAjana. senA hArI jaze ghasaDAI, vinAzanA mukhamadhya, mATe prANa thakI tuM bacAve, thoDuM vadI ja asatya; satya thakI ja asatya rUpALuM, jIvana arthe kaI avRta bhASaNa kare hene pApane sparza na hoya, A pramANe vAta cAlatI hatI tyAM bhIme yudhiSThirane kahyuM ke-"mahArAja! vAta ema banI che ke droNane mAravAne bIje ilAja na jaDavAthI bhAlavarAja ApaNuM sinyamAM pesato hato tyAM meM enA azvatthAmA nAmanA hAthIne mAryo, ane azvatthAmA bharAyo !" ema bUma pADI. paNa AthI pitAne putra marAyo che ema emane zraddhA paDI nahi. droNane tamArA zabdamAM zraddhA che, mATe e tamane pUche ke "kharI vAta zI che?" tyAre tame kaheje ke azvatthAmA (zuputra) mara." tamArU kahyuM e mAnaze ane e yuddha baMdha karaze kAraNa ke traNa lokamAM "satyavAna" tarIke tamArI kIrti che." (pAI traNa tAlanI ) suNuM hevAM vacana vRkodaranAM, vaLI mAnI vacana bhUdharanAM; ane bhAvi taNuM ja prabhAve, dharmarAjA vade daidhabhAve- * saMdidyamAno vyathitaH kuMtIputraM yudhiSThiram // ahata vA hataM veti papraccha sutamAtmanaH / / sthirA vuddhirhi droNasya na pArthI vakSyate'nRtam // trayANAmapi lokAnAmaizvaryAthai kathaMcana // tasmAttaM paripapraccha nAnyaM kaMcidvijarSabhaH / / tasmistasya hi satyAzA bAlyAtprabhRti paaNddv|| tato niSpAMDavAmurvI kariSyantaM yudhAMpatim // droNaM jJAtvA dharmarAjaM goviMdo vyathito'travIt // yathardhadiyasaM droNo yuddhate manyumAsthitaH // satyaM bravImi te senA vinAzaM samupaiSyati // sa bhavAMkhAtu no droNAtsatyAjjyAyo'nRtaM vacaH / / anRtaM jIvitasyArthaM vadanna spRshyte'nRtaiH||

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180 yudhiSThiranuM asatyakathana kAMI bhIti asatyanI dhArI, vaLI vijayane lobha vicArI; be dhIre yudhiSThira, paDe azvatthAmA-kuMjara. vyasaMghavIdrAnA sUra ra Acuta " -azvatthAmA marA" ema kahyuM paNa te kahevAnI sAthe ja enA haya puruSe "--akhtarAtmAe ene Thapa dIdho, tethI eNe umeryuM ke "kuMjara'. A asatyakathanane pariNAme, te ja vAre, yudhiSThirane ratha je atyAra sudhI jamInathI cAra AMgaLa UMce cAlatuM hatuM te pRthvIne aDo!- " tasya pUrva rathaH pRthvyAzcaturaGgalamucchritaH babhUvaivaM ca te'nIkaM tasya vAhAH spRzanmahIm !" -A pramANe mahAbhAratamAM kathA che. dharmarAjanuM A asatyakathana emanA jIvanamAM duSaNarUpa manAya che e gya ja che. paNa mane bhaya rahe che ke A vArtAnA sAmAnya zrotAo mAtra ATalI vAta sAMbhaLIne, ane e upara UMDe vicAra na karIne, dharmarAjane ane mahAbhAratakArane ubhayane kAMIka kAMIka anyAya kare che. dharmarAjane te anyAya khullo ja che--kAraNa ke A eka dUSaNanA bhAnamAM teo dharmarAjanuM bhavya nItithI bharapUra caritra bhUlI jAya che. mane A anyAyamAM rA. narasiMharAve anya saMbadhamAM kahelI eka mithyA jananI upahAsa vAta lAgu paDatI dekhAya che. jenone AdrI nakSatramAM kerI khAvAne bAdha che, paNa eka mithyA jaina hato teNe hada bAMdhIne pratijJA karI ke mAre hajArathI vadhAre na khAvI. pahelethI ja heTI saMkhyA rAkhI hatI eTale manamAnI khAvAmAM kAMI harakata Ave ema nahotu khUba khAdhI-traNaso khAdhI; paNa A cheDethI khAdhI te na gaNatAM, bIje cheDethI, sAtaso na khAdhI e gaNuM ! ane pote addabhuta saMyama karyo ema mAnyuM ! A ja pramANe jyAre yudhiSThiranA asatyakathananI vAta sAmAnya zrotAjana sAMbhaLe che tyAre A cheDethI, emanAM navANuM satya gaNavAM joIe tene badale, bIje cheDethI, sAmuM asatya ja gaNe che, e upara ja emanI najara Thare che ! yudhiSThiranI A samayanI dayAmaNI sthiti mATe dayA dharavAne badale ene upahAsa karavAmAM Ananda mAne che! vaLI jema e yudhiSThirane anyAya kare che tema mahAbhAratakArane paNa kare che. mahAbhAratakArane jagatanAM UMDAM satyanuM vizALa rAkhI hatI. AthI gaNI. mArA

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181 yudhiSThiranuM asatyakathana jJAna hatuM, ane tethI kharA kavine zobhe tema e satyane pUrNa svarUpamAM darzAvavA emaNe yatna karyo che. jagatanAM so sAdAM nathI ghaNAM gUMcavaNabharelAM che, e gUMce UkelavAnuM kAma kavinuM nathI, paNa enA upara prakAza nAkhI enuM svarUpa jevuM hoya tevuM vAcaka AgaLa mUkavAnuM kAma te enuM che ja. tadanusAra A mahAkavie yudhiSThiranA A vikaTa prasaMganI kathAmAM kevAM gUDha satya prakaTa karyo che te juvoH 1 eka te e vAta pragaTa karI che ke kartavyanA nirNaya sahelA nathIH kartavyanI pasaMdagI hamezAM sArA ane khoTA vacce ja karavAnI hatI nathI, keTalIka vAra saguNa vacce paNa virodha AvI paDe che. eka tarapha satya belavAnI pharaja che-ughADI pharaja che; bIjI tarapha evI ja udhADI pharaja pitAne vizvAsathI vaLagelA asaMkhya badhuo-svajane ane akAraNa mitro-nA jIva bacAvavAnI che. A be parasparavirodhI pharajo vacce nirNaya sahelo nathI; balake ema paNa kahI zakAya ke yudhiSThire pitAnI senAne saMhAra thavA daI pitAnuM satya sAcavyuM hota to emAM "selfishness of virtue athavA te "spiritual pride' ja prakaTa thAta. (A dharma saMkaTamAMthI katavyadharmane nirNaya kaI sahelo mAnatuM hoya to tene "Paulsen's system of Ethics" mAM Veracity(satya)uparanuM prakaraNa vAMcavA mArI vinaMti che.) 2 have nItinA AcaraNanI vyAsajIe dhyAnamAM rAkhelI eka jhINuM Psychology (mAnasa svarUpa) lakSamAM lyo. keTalAMka kartavyonuM anuSThAna lagabhaga buddhinA nizcayamAMthI ja nIkaLe che; bIjA kartavyanA anuSThAnamAM buddhinA nizcayane hRdayanI lAgaNuM (Emotion) gati Ape che. A be jAtanAM kartavya vacce jyAre virodha utpanna thAya che tyAre ghaNuM karI je kartavyane anuSThAnamAM hadayanI lAgaNuM madade hoya che tene jaya thAya che-kAraNa ke enuM anuSThAna saraLa bane che. AthI jyAre yudhiSThiranI eka tarapha satyanuM kartavya hatuM ane bIjI tarapha svajanane ugAravAnuM kartavya hatuM te vakhate satyanuM kartavya kerU paDatuM hatuM, ane svajane pratye prema ane dayAnI lAgaNuM bIjA kartavyane A banAvatI hatI-ane tethI A bIjA kartavyane jaya pAmavAnI anukULatA maLI. 3 A prasaMge hadayanI u -prema ane dayAnI-lAgaNI ja kAma karatI hoya che ema na samajavuM. e ucca lAgaNI sAthe vijayanI svAtha

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142 yudhiSThiranuM asatyakathana abhilASA paNa yudhiSThiranA manamAM bhaLelI hatI. ane tethI A ucca lAgaNIne bahAne A asatyakathanane bacAva karavA mahAbhAratakAre yatna karyo nathI. vastutaH yudhiSThira svArtha khAtara ja jA huM belyA na hatA- bake mULa prerakabaLa te dayAnI lAgaNInuM ja hatuM, paNa A prasaMge ghaNuM vAra bane che tema mizra baLathI chevaTanuM pagaluM bharAyuM ema batAvavAmAM "mahAbhAratakAra, pApanI ApaNuM attaramAM gupta rIte pasI javAnI kevI yukti hoya che e sUcave che. Ama ucca hetu sAthe yuddha hetu chAne mAne kevo bhaLI gaye-ema kahevAmAM vyAsajI manuSya mananuM baMdhAraNu bahu UMDI dAjhathI bahAra ANuM Ape che, 4 vaLI e paNa jovAnuM che ke prabhue karelI A saMsAranI adbhuta ghaTanAmAM, dharmavaDe adharmane parAbhava thAya emAM te navAI ja zI ? paNa keIkavAra adharmavaDe paNa adharmane parAbhava thAya che. jemake -auraMgajhebanI dhamadha anItine zivAjInA chaLathI vinAza thayo. ane A jAtanAM--pApe pApane khAdhAnAM-daSTAnta, ItihAsamAM puSkaLa che. pariNAmamAM dharmane jaya ane pApane kSaya karAvanAra zakti sadA sarvatra je paramAtmA ja che, te pApa hAme pApa ubhuM karanAra zakti paNa paramAtmA ja che ema mAnavuM svata phalita thAya che. A vicitra ghaTanAne prabhunA nirdoSa svarUpa sAthe zI rIte ghaTAvavI e dharmanA tattvajJAnane mahAprazna che--jene khulAso karavAnI kavine mAthe bhAgye ja pharaja che. enuM kAma te, jagatanI ghaTanA upara pratibhAne prakAza nAMkhI e ghaTanA jevI che tevI vAcaka AgaLa pratyakSa karavAnuM che; balka e ghaTanAnI prabhunA nirdoSa svarUpa sAthe saMgati karavA jatAM je virodha Ave che te prakaTa karI, e virodha vaDe A jagatanI ghaTanAnuM abhutapaNuM darzAvavuM e enuM kAma che. jeo A vizvanI vyavasthAmAM Izvara ane zetAna evI samAna kakSAnI paraspara viruddha zaktienuM daita mAnatA nathI teo zetAnanuM astitva svIkArIne paNa chevaTe ja koIne koI rIte sarva dharmamAM AvA daitane niSedha thate joIe chIe. ahuramajhuda ane ahimAnane hAmarahImA goThavanAra dharmamAM paNa ahimAnanI pAra ahuramajhadane mUkavAno eka yatna thayo che. deva ane asura paNu prajApati (devAdhideva) mAMthI utpanna thayA hatA ema upaniSaha kahe che ("revAku have caka tire e prajJApatyAH"), khristI dharmamAM paNa Manichanism ne InakAra karavAmAM AvyuM che.

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yudhiSThiranuM asatyakathana 183 enI pAra Izvarane ja mUke che-arthAta A jagatanA vyavahAramAM manuSya je lAlace anubhave che e Izvare ja sajelI che, e lAlacenA viSaya Izvare ja sajyAM che, eTaluM ja nahi paNa e viSayo manuSyanA mane upara asara kare evuM viSayanuM svarUpa ane manuSyanA mananuM baMdhAraNa ghaDayuM che e paNa IzvaranI ja kRti che--mATe ja mahAbhAratakAra kahe che ke zrIkRSNa paramAtmAe yudhiSThirane jayanI lAlaca batAvI. AmAM zrIkRSNane kAMI deSa lAgato hoya to te A jagatamAM lAlaco utpanna karIne tathA e lAlace manuSyanA mana upara asara kare evuM e lAlacenuM ane manuSyanA mananuM svarUpa ghaDIne prabhue pitAne mAthe je deSa vahe che te ja che. vastutaH siddhAntamAM, A sadoSa jagata racIne paNa paramAtmA nirdoSa ja rahe che-A prapaMcanA cAlaka heIne paNa kRSNa yathArtha kahI zake che ke "nopUrva macA mithyA safja vAvana."* 5 vyAsajI, upara pramANe kartavyanI muzkelI, lAlacanuM svarUpa, tathA emAM paramAtmAnI adbhuta racanA batAvIne aTakayA nathI. ema karyuM hota te ApaNane emane asatyane uttejana ApanAra tarIke nindavAnuM kAraNa raheta. paNa emaNe te A asatyanA prasaMganI vikaTatA batAvavAnI sAthe e asatyane bilakula bacAva karyo nathI; balake e asatya bolyAnuM zuM pariNAma AvyuM e eka lITImAM paNa bahu sacoTa nApasaMdagIthI jaNAvI dIdhuM che te e ke yudhiSThirane te ja kSaNe prabhAva naSTa thaI gayo-emano ratha je atyAra sudhI jamInathI cAra AMgaLa uce cAlatA hatA te jamInane aDo' ATaluM ja nahi paNa A vAta khAsa smaraNamAM rAkhI mahAbhAratakAra asatyanI nindAne emanA granthamAM pharI eka prasaMga race che. svarehaNu parvamAM yudhiSThirane kavi narakamAM pherave che-ane narakamAM bhAIone joIne ene duHkha thAya che, tyArabAda e badhe narakano dekhAva svamavata UDI jAya che enA kAraNamAM Indra yudhikirane kahe che- * uttarAnA bAlakane azvatthAmAe brahmAstrathI bALI nAkhe tyAre e bALakane khoLAmAM laI uttarA vilApa karavA lAgI ane ene jIvate karavA kRSNane prArthanA karI tyAre "sIgna viguttAramAM sarva vivAra janatA nopUrva mayA mizaar std jAvana" ema bhAratakAra kahe che.

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184 yudhiSThiranuM asatyakathana " vyAjena hi tvayA droNa upacIrNaH sutaM prati / vyAjenaiva tato rAjan darzito narakastava // " ="he rAjana! te azvatthAmAnI bAbatamAM kANane mithyAbhAna karAvyuM hatuM, tevuM ja mithyAbhAna tane Aja-A narakadarzanamAM-thayuM." tAtparya ke dharmarAja jevA satyavAdI jIvanamAM paNa asatyane eka nAne sarakho dekhAte doSa ane te e vikaTa prasaMge thaelo ke ene deSa kahetAM paNa kSaNavAra thobhavuM paDe, -e doSa paNa enuM phaLa utpanna karyA vinA rahete nathI. A manuSyanA naitika jIvana (moral life) ne eka dayAha tragedy" yAne karuNarasajanaka prasaMga che. ane e ja manuSyatvanuM bhAna karAvanAra sAdhana che. karNa jevo arjunanI samAnakoTine vIra asatyane pariNAme khare aNune vakhate pitAnI astravidyA bhUlI beThe e prasaMgamAM kavie je tragedy (karuNacitra) racI che te karatAM A tragedy (karuNucitra) judI ja jAtanI che, paNa jarAe nyUna nathI. karNa to potAnI astravidyA bhUlI beThe, paNa yudhiSThira te pitAnuM svasvarUpasatyavAdiva-bhUlI beThe ! pahelA karatAM A bIjuM vismaraNa gheDuM nathI. vaLI karNanA asatyanuM phaLa to A lekamAM ja bhagavAI gayuM-yudhiSThiranA, asatyanuM phaLa svargamAM paNa ene naDyA vinA rahyuM nahi. Ama kalpavAmAM kavie karmanAM phaLanA niyamanI vividharUpatA darzAvI che. 7 vaLI dharmarAja yudhiSThira zA mATe Dage che ene eka skUla khulAso mahAbhAratakAre e Apyo che ke jene mAthe sagAMvahAlAM mitra Azrita vagere asaMkhya svajananA prANa rakSavAnI pharaja che tene kartavyanA aneka vikaTa prasaMge prApta thAya che, ane temAMthI eka "moral paradox' yAne naitika viSayanI vidhagarbha sthiti e utpanna thAya che ke eka taraphathI ene mAthe pApa karavAnuM kartavya (svAtha sadgaNu vRttithI ke vizu dvAInA abhimAnathI prerAIe cekho rahevA mAge te judI vAta ) AvI paDe che ane bIjI taraphathI e ja pAparUpa kartavya (A ja "paradox pApane kartavya kahevuM e ja paradox) karavA mATe ene zikSA-naraka -khamavuM paDe che ! A viSama sthiti rAjadharmane aMge yudhiSThirane prApta thAya che. mATe svargAreNuparvamAM kavi kahe che ke - + parazurAmane huM brAhmaNa chuM ema manAvI astravidyA zIkhI lAvelo hate e asatya jANavAmAM AvatAM gurue zApa dIdho ke khare vakhate tuM vidyA bhUlI jaiza.

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yudhiSThiranuM asatyakathana 185 "3paracuM nararatA draisaH sarvarAmiH"-rAjamAtrane, arthAta, jemane mAthe lokata- calAvavAnI heTI javAbadArI che tevA sarvane, naraka joyA vinA chUTake nathI-athata emane pApa karavAnI jarUra paDyA vinA rahetI nathI, ane pariNAme pApanAM phaLa paNa bhogavavA paDe che. yuddha e paNa lokata- calAvavAne aMge kSatriyane mAthe AvI paDatuM kartavya che, paNa e kartavya aneka prapaMca jUTha vagere deSothI saMkula che, ane paralokamAM enI zikSA khamavAnI-yuddhamAM taravAra khamavAnI enI jevI pharaja che tevI ja- pharaja che. 8. paNa A uparAMta hajI eka UMDuM satya mahAbhAratakAre A kathAmAM sUcavyuM che-e manana karavA jevuM che. "azvatthAmA marAyo" ema asatya bolatAM bhImane jarApaNa saMkeca Avato nathI; yudhiSThirane saMkeca Avyo, paNa Akhare e paNa bolyAH na be eka ajuna. A bhedanuM zuM kAraNa? AmAM manuSyasvabhAvanuM eka gUDha tatva kavi tAravI Ape che. A pramANe bhIma, vRttinA vegane-upanivaH jene "rA' virUddha "i" kahe che tene- jaladI tAbe thaI jAya e svAbhAvika che. yudhiSThira dharma (Law) ne avatAra che, pagale pagale kAryakAryane vicAra karIne cAlanAra che, paNa ene A dharmabuddhi sivAya vadhAre UMcuM avalambana nathI, ane tethI e Akhare dharmamAMthI yuta thAya che. arjuna paramAtmAne sakhA che, bhakta che. enI bhAvanA dharma(Law)nI nathI, prema( Love)nI che; ane jema rAtadivasa pitAnuM Arogya sAcavavAne buddhipUrvaka yatna karanAra manuSya bhAgye ja potAnuM Arogya sAcavI zake che, tema rAtadivasa nIti jALavavAnI ciMtA rAkhanAra manuSya bhAgye ja nItinuM barAbara saMrakSaNa karI zake che. ane nItinI darakAra karI nathI, paNa vIratva keLavyuM che ane prabhu sAthe prema bAMdhyo che-e A kSaNe yudhiSThiranA "adharmabhIrutva" karatAM paNa ene vadhAre kAma Ave che. manuSya manuSyatva keLavatAM divasa darakAra e ja nA * A bAbata, vizvAmitrAdika RSio, droNane cetAvIne, asatya sAme ene phariyAdane haka baMdha kare che ema kahIe to cAle. yuddhanAM asaMkhya pApa ane snehavidhvaMsane darzAvIne mahAbhAratakAre brAhmaNa mATe-arthAta ucca saMskArI che mATe-yuddha prati nirveda utpanna karavAne Azaya rAkhe jaNAya che.

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186 yudhiSThiranuM asatyakathana jevuM devatva prApta kare che, tevuM buddhipUrvaka devatva keLavavA jatAM te prApta karI zakatuM nathI. balka ene pAta thAya che. prabhu! mane manuSya ja rAkhe, paNa tamAre rAkhe-e karatAM huM adhika bhAga nathI. [vasanta bhArgazIrSa, saMvata 1969] (pharI khulAso) mArgazIrSane vasantamAM "yudhiSThiranuM asatyakathana" e viSaya upara meM eka prAsaMgika nedha lakhI hatI. temAM, sAdhAraNa rIte kevA daSTibiMduthI yudhiSThiranA jIvanane A prasaMga vilokavAmAM Ave che, ane bhAre matekavi tema ja nAyakane nyAya thavA, kevA daSTibiMduthI e viloka joIe, e viSe mArA namra vicAre meM vAcaka AgaLa raju karyA hatA. ane, Ama daSTibindu badalavAthI A prasaMga kevuM juduM ja svarUpa dhare che e batAvavAne IrAdo hato, tethI meM mArA vicArane "matabheda na kahetAM "daSTibheda kahevAnuM vadhAre pasaMda karyuM hatuM. TUMkAmAM, mArA e lekhamAM yudhiSThiranA asatyakathananI pAchaLa rahelA naitika ane dhArmika siddhAtanI carcA karavAnA karatAM--e prasaMgamAM kavie AlekhelA eka bhavya karuNarasanA citra tarapha vAcakanI dRSTi deravAne vizeSa uddeza hati. mArA A lekhanuM rA. narasiMharAve mAghanA vasatamAM kAMIka snehanA pakSapAtapUrvaka ane kAMIka svamatanA sadAgraha pUrvaka, avalokana karyuM che. emAM prakaTa karelA "snehabhAvayukta virodha'nA vireAdha-aMza tarapha lakSa detAM snehane anyAya (kSatine to saMbhava ja nathI, paNa anyAya) thAya, tethI uttara lakhavAne bhAre prathama vicAra na hato; paNa rA. narasiMharAvanI pitAnI ja snehI mAgaNIthI prerAI tema ja e carcApatramAM rA. narasiMharAva- ANaMdazaMkarane mate-A vArtAnA sAmAnya zrotAo" nA bhege huM paNa "mAtra ATalI vAta sAMbhaLIne ane te upara UDe vicAra na karIne, dharmarAjane ane mahAbhAratakArane ubhayane kAMIka anyAya karuM chuM. dharmarAjAnA "A eka dUSaNanA bhAnamAM huM dharmarAjAnuM divyatAthI bharapUra caritra bhUlI jAuM chuM."--ItyAdi, emanI vicArazakti mATe mane je mAna che tenI avagaNanA karate

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yudhiSThiranuM asatyakathana 187 Apa mane Ape che, vagere bAbato dhyAnamAM letAM cacIpatranA uttaramAM, be zabdo lakhavAnI mane IcchA thaI che. vAcakane ghaNe kaMTALo na Ave, (thoDeka te Avaze) tethI banatA ne TUMkAmAM huM mAro uttara ApIza. badhI carcA pharIthI na UkelatAM, huM emanAthI kyAM kyAM judo paDuM chuM e ja batAvIza. 1 prathama te e ja kahevAnuM ke rA. narasiMharAva dhAre che tema huM emane A vArtAnA sAmAnya zrotAo' bhegA gaNatA ja nathIH meM khAsa vivekSAthI sAmAnya" ane "zrotA" e zabda prayojyA hatA, ane e vaDe cUmavicAraka zrotAone ane vyAkhyAnakartAone vyavaccheda karavAne mAre Azaya hato. mane lAge che ke hAla ApaNe jyAM vAcaka- zabda prayojIe chIe tyAM pUrve zAtA' zabda prayojAto tethI meM e zabda "vAcakanA arthamAM vAparyo haze ema kadAca rA. narasiMharAve dhAryuM haze. paraMtu vastutaH e zabda meM vyAkhyAnakAranA zrotAonA arthamAM vAparyo hato, chatAM emane Ama bhrama thavAnuM meM kAraNa ApyuM te mATe huM dilagIra chuM. ghaNuM vyAkhyAnakAre yudhiSThirane ane mahAbhAratakArane aNadhArI rIte keTaloka anyAya kare che" ema bIje sthaLe meM kahyuM che temAM paNa aNadhArI rIte kahevAne bhAre hetu e ja hato ke vidvAna vyAkhyAnakAre dhAratA nathI tevI asara A jAtanA nirUpaNathI keTalIkavAra-bake ghaNIvAra zrotAo upara-sAmAnya zrotAo upara-thAya che. AvA avicArI janamAM rA. narasiMharAvane bheLavavAnI meM dhRSTa mUrkhatA karI nahatI. 2 "vAkyAta thaH vicalita vhuM ja dhAe rA. narasiharAvanA vyAkhyAnanuM mukhya sutra hatuM, ane enA prabhudAharaNamAM yudhiSThirane asatyane prasaMga letAM e " asatyane ja AgaLa karyA vinA bane ema ja hetu"--e huM kabUla karuM . paNa jyAM jyAM meM A kathA sAMbhaLI che tyAM tyAM (udAharaNa tarIke atrenI hAIskUlamAM prasiddha nItizikSaka mi. gUnhe "satya" upara eka pATha Apyo hato temAM paNa) meM A prasaMganI A bAju ja dekhADAtI joI che. te yudhiSThira ane vyAsajIne nyAya khAtara A vyAkhyAnakAre sAme eka phariyAda kare to te zuM geravAjabI che? rA. narasiMharAve muMbAI prArthanAsamAjanA mandiramAM kIrtana karyuM te vakhate huM hAjara nahotuM. paNa e vakhate rA. narasiMharAve A prasagane aMge pote kahe che tema yudhiSThiranA A asatyakathana upara kheTa bhAra

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188 yudhiSThiranuM asatyakathana mukIne tene avaLo artha levo nA joIe; yudhiSThira asatya bolyA te ApaNe tema karavAne zI aDacaNa?--ema sAra levAnuM nathI. ApaNe te temanA satyavAditya upara ja lakSa rAkhI anukaraNa karavuM joIe." ATale ja vizeSa upadeza karyo hoya, te te te huM je kahevA mAguM chuM te karatAM juduM ja che. zrotAjane yudhiSThiranA navvANuM satya upara dhyAna ApI satya bolatAM zIkhavuM joIe ke eka asatya upara dhyAna ApI asatya bolatAM zIkhavuM joIe e saMbaMdhI vivecana umeravAthI mArI AkAMkSAnI pUrti thatI nathI. huM mAnuM chuM te e ke yudhiSThiranAM navvANuM satya upara dhyAna ApI enA A semA asatya mATe dayA khAo-ane prabhune prArthanA kare ke "he prabhu! tuM amane-yudhiSThira karatAM hajAragaNuM nirbaLa manuSyane-evA vikaTa prasaMgethI tAvIza nahi. ane tAve te tuM eve vakhate aDaga rahevA amane baLa Apaje !" - 3 huM kabUla karuM chuM ke " yudhiSThiranA A asatyane te bacAva nA ja karI sakAya." bacAva na karI zakAya, paNa mUMjhavaNa batAvI zakAya kharI. prakRti prasage kAMI ja mUjhAvAnuM kAraNa nahotu ane "niSpAMDavA pRthvI thavA daIne potAnuM satya sAcavyuM hata" te e nirdoSa mArga hato ema mArI naitika buddhi kabUla karI zakatI nathI. yudhiSThirane khAtara mUge mahae asaMkhya dukha sahana karanAra bhAIone, tathA potAne Azraye yuddhamAM utaranAra hajAre manuSyone, droNane hAthe maravA daIne paNa yudhiSThirane mAthe pitAnuM satyavAdita jALavavAnuM kartavya khulluM hatuM, ema huM kahI zakatuM nathI. huM pharIthI kahuM chuM ke mane te emAM "selfishness of virtue' athavA ' spiritual pride (svAthI saguNavRtti ke vizudvAIna abhimAna) spaSTa dIse che. rA. narasiMharAvane AmAM matabheda hoya to e matabheda TALavAne mane kAI mArge jaDato nathI. ghaNuM to huM eTaluM ja kahe ke mArA lekhamAM Paulsens "System of Ethics" nA veracity uparanA je prakaraNane ullekha karyo che temAM batAvelA prasaMgoe satya bolavAnuM kartavya kevI rIte khulla che e rA. narasiMharAva batAvaze te tethI viSaya upara ghaNuM ajavALuM paDaze. 4 rA. narasiMharAva kahe che ke " "ane bhAvi taNuM ja prabhAve 'e vacanamAM vyAse pitAnA kAvyanA nAyakane kAMIka bacAva karyA jevuM karyuM che." mane AmAM yudhiSThirane bacAva karyo nathI lAgatuM. vyAsajIe AmAM--

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yudhiSThiranuM asatyakathana 189 eka dRSTikhinduthI--emane je vastusthiti lAgI te ja varNavI cheH vAcakane potAnI sAthe laI jANe kahevaDAve che ke yudhiSThira jevA satyavAdI jeNe Akhe! janmArA satya khelavAmAM ja kADhayA hatA e paNa Ave prasaMge asatya kheAlyA tyAre bhAvi' niha te khIjuM zuM? mAlatImAdhavamAM mAdhava jevAnA hRdaya upara paNa kAmadeve asara karI e joI makarandane thayu ke "saceMjA maLavato mavita-ta" ane pitAe rAjadarabAranA lebha khAtara peAtAne gharaDA varane paraNAvavA kabUla karyuM ema dhArI mAlatIne thayuM ke "nita lahu mogarlRAcA' tyAM jema kartAnI javAbadArIne vastutaH lApa karyAM vagara, sAmI prabaLa zaktinu jora batAvavAnA yatna che, tema atre yudhiSThiranI javAbadArIne niSedha karyAM vagara chevaTe vijaya pAmelI zaktine anivArya prabhAva khatAvavAnA yatna che. vaLI kavi ema karate karate ATalAM kAraNeA batAvatA gayA te kAika dharmarAjA tarapha pakSapAtanI daSTi dekhADe che' e samajaNumAM paNa huM maLI zakatA nathI. mArI samajaNa pramANe vyAsajI pakSapAtanI daSTie nahi, paNa eTalAM badhAM kAraNeA heAya tyAre ja satyakathananI svataHsiddha kartavyatA DhaMkAI mUMjhavaNa pedA thAya che te mATe, eka pachI eka kAraNu gaNAvatA gayA che. e kAraNupradarzananu dareka pagalu satyanA mahattvamAM vadhArA karatu jAya che. 5. rA. narasiMharAva kahe cheH "rA. ANaMdazaMkara 'zarTa prati sAyaM hrAMta' e jAtyane upadeza karavA icchatA heAya ema hu mAnI sakate nathI." bezaka hu e jAtanA upadeza bilakula karavA mAgatA nathI. ane Ama mArA tAtparyaMne yathArtha samajavA mATe hu emanA upakAra mAnu chu. zAstranA javAnamAM ja zAkya karanAra mANasa paNa kAMI doSamukta thatA nathI. paNa vizvanI keAjanA zI che e te AmAMthI samajavA jevu che: A vizvanI yAjanAmAM dharma adharmanA vinAza kare emAM navAI ja zI che, paNa adharma adharmane khAya che evI addabhuta ghaTanA che! arthAta, adharme mAtra dharmathakI ja nahi, paNa pAte pAtAnAthI paNa jhhIvAnu che. adharmanA garbhamAM raheluM e svavighAtaka tattvanuM smaraNa vAcakane darzAvavA mATe ja me auragajhebanI dharmAMdha anItinA zivAjInA chaLathI vinAza thaye." ema dRSTAnta Apyu hatu. zAkyane kAipaNa prakAre bacAva karvA huM mAgatA nahAtA.

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yudhiSThiranuM asatyakathana 6 chevaTe, mArI ane rA. narasiMharAvanI vacce tatvajJAnane eka be moTA matabheda AvIne UbhA rahe che. pApa sAme pApa UbhuM karanAra zakita paramAtmA ja che ema mAruM mAnavuM che. "parama puruSa potAnA pavitra svarUpanI sAthe virodha rAkhanArA pApane sAdhanarUpe paNa vApare emAM rA. narasiMharAvane "enI zaktinI UnatA ja" pratIta thAya che. paramAtmAnI A rIti enI sarvazaktimattA sAthe kevI rIte saMgata thAya che e pachI vicAravAnuM che. paheluM to ApaNe vastusthiti zI che eTaluM ja jovAnuM che. e jotAM jaNAya che ke-pApane pApathI nAza thAya che evI A vizvamAM eka yojanA che. have, e yojanAne yaza prakRta daSTAtamAM zivAjIne ApI zakAtuM nathI-e yaza Apavo ene artha tAruM ati rAThya sutinI nItinuM ja anamedana ApavuM evo thAya. e yojanA bhale paramAtmAnI sarvazaktimattA sAthe asaMgata -paNa e paddhatie kAma karatI A vizvamAM kaIka zakti virAjamAna che e anubhavasiddha che. ane te manuSya karatAM atirikta che, yojanA(caitanya sUcavatI ghaTanA)rUpa che, ane zubhakArI che, te te paramAtmAnI ja che ema zabdAntaramAM kahyA vinA cAlatu nathI. have, A vizvanA baMdhAraNamAM kaI vAta paramAtmAnA keI guNa sAthe asaMgata dekhAya to temAMthI be pariNAma phalita karavAmAM Ave che. nirIzvaravAdI e asaMgatine paramAtmAnA niSedha mATe upayoga kare che; IzvaravAdI ene para#mArA ane rA. narasiMharAvanA IzvaravAdamAM keTalAka phera che. paNa vivAdanuM kekaDuM vadhAre gUMcAI na jAya te mATe bahudhA hu emanA IzvaravAdanI bhUmikAmAM rahIne ja badhI carcA karazu. + "The whole material and living world wages one ceaseless struggle in which infinite millions of living things are destroyed each instant amid infinite torture, infinite waste, and infinite confusion. If there be a God of Creation, there seems to be another God of Destruction. The universe seems to be an eternal war of infinite angelic or divine and demoniac or Satanic forces. A kind of Dualism between Ahrimanes and Oromasdes, with infinite subordinates on both sides, seems the more logical issue of contemplating the world an internecine warfare that never comes to any issue, never can end, and is nearly equally balanced. Ine Theist has to adinit that God the creator is also God the Destroyer" SRS 32466.

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yudhiSThiranuM asatyakathana 192 " mAtmAnI adbhutatA ane gahanatAnA pramANurUpe jIve che. rA. narasiMharAva nirIzvaravAdI nathI--eTale emane mATe A khIjo kalpa ja rahe che. vizvamAM pratikSaNu asaMkhya jantu eka khIjAnA saMhAra karIne jIve che, ane e ja saMhAramAMthI uttarAttara caDhIAtA jIvA utpanna thatA Ave che. e sthaLe e saMhAranA nirIzvaravAdI paramAtmAnA abhAva sAdhavAmAM upayAga kare che; paNa IzvaravAdIne te emAM kharAba sAdhanavaDe sArUM phaLa UpajAvanArI paramAtmAnI acittva zakti ja pratIta thAya che. tyAM * physical evil' (du:kha) jema paramAtmAmAM Adhaka thatuM nathI, tema prakRta prasaMge moral evil ' ( pApa ) ene khAdha karI zakatuM nathI. vaLI e " physical evil 'mAM te! jIvAnI javAyadArI paNa nathI, ane IzvaranuM katRtva spaSTa che. ane A * moral evil' (pApa) tA rA. narasiMharAva mAne che tema jo sarvathA jIvane ja UpajAvelA padArtha che, te jIva ja e mATe javAbadAra che, ane paramAtmAne ene bilakula khAdha AvatA nathI. paNa Ama pAtapeAtAnAM pApa mATe jIvAnuM kartRtva che, chatAM e jIDhAM judAM pApa eka bIjA sAthe samanvamAM AvI eka bIjAnA nAza kare ane jagatanuM zreya thAya e ceAjanA teA chavAnI karelI nathI ja. tema e Akasmika* paNa nathI.--A vizvamAM virAjatI kAIka adbhuta ghaTanAzaktinI e karelI che--jene ApaNe ' zvara' evuM nAma ApIe chIe. 7 rA. narasiharAva kahe cheH "pApa te svatantra astitvavALA padArtha nathI, manuSyamAM AcaraNane mATe saMbhavarUpe ja e padArtha najare paDe che, e vicArIzuM te pApanA bhAra prabhune mAthe mUkavAnA doSa ApaNe hiM kariye. jagamAM lAlace utpanna karIne tathA e lAlaceA manuSyanA mana upara asara kare hevu e lAlaceAnuM ane manuSyanA mananuM svarUpa prabhue dhAyu che, ema rA. ANaMdazaMkara kahe che te pApanA A saMbhava svarUpa tathA manuSyane svecchAsvIkAranI kaseTIvaDe unnata karavAnI prabhunI gahana yeAjanAnA anAdara karIzuM tA ja svIkArI sakAze." hu paNa e pApanA 8 saMbhava 'mAMthI pApa UpajAvanAra manuSyane ja javAkhadAra gaNuM chuM ane e pApanA bhAra manuSyane ja zira rahevA dauM chuM. ane tethI ja mahAbhAratakAre paNa e bhAra kRSNane mAthe caDhAvyA nathI e huM jouM chuM, paNa rA. narasiMharAva " manuSyane... e Akasmika hAya te vizvanI 'physical forces' (bhaitika zaktie-)nI paraspara saMghaTanA paNa Akasmika rIte ja thaI gaI che ema kema na kahevAya?

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192 yudhiSThiranuM asatyakathana unnata karavAnI prabhunI gahana yojanA" kahe che te jagatanI lAlace ane e lAlace asara kare evuM manuSyanA mananuM svarUpa racyA vinA kema saMbhave e huM samajI zakatA nathI. arthAta e yojanAne huM anAdara karatuM nathI eTaluM ja nahi paNa ene Adara karuM chuM tethI ja, e jagatanI lAlacenI ane e lAlaco asara kare evuM manuSyanA mananA svarUpanuM kartutva paramAtmAnuM mAnuM chuM, jIvanuM nahi. kAraNa ke e kartava jIvanuM hoya te jIva pote potAnI meLe pitAnI "unnatinI kaseTI' race che ema thayuM, ane pachI keseTI ja kyAM rahI ? rA. narasiMharAva pUchaze ke yudhiSThirane kasavA mATe prabhananuM astitva ja basa hatuM, "kRNa (paramAtmA)nA vAkyanI zI jarUra hatI? Ane uttara ke-paramAtmA vizvanI rajerajamAM sabhara bharyo ? che ane sarvatra enuM prAkaTya che, chatAM jema amuka amuka padArthomAM e vizeSa rIte prakaTa thate dekhAya che, te ja pramANe kasoTI vaDe manuSyane unnata karavAnI gahana janAne aMge sarvatra pralobhane eNe pAtharI mUkyAM che ane e vaDe pratikSaNa ApaNane e kaSyA ja kare che, chatAM jIvananA keTalAka asAdhAraNa prasaMgoe e kasoTI evI tIvra bane che ke e prasaMge Izvara ApaNuM sAme UbhuM rahI ApaNane tAve che ema kahevuM ja prApta thAya che. pralobhananA samudramAMthI A uchaLatuM bhejuM e ja "vAkya." jeo paramAtmAthI svatantra siddha zetAna nAmanI duSTa zakti svIkAratA nathI teone A samudra, A samudranA meja, emAM taravAnuM nAva, ane e nAvanuM rakSaNa karanArI "gupti (rakSaNajanA-jene jano mAgupti, vAgagupti,' "kAya-gupti' kahe che) sarva prabhunI ja kRti che. temaja mAyA vimadina-e matalabanAM asaMkhya vAkyamAM vimAhinI mAyA paNa prabhunI ja che e siddhAnta mahAbhArata ane aSTAdaza purANamAM sarvatra najare paDe che. e siddhAnta jeene mAnya na hoya teone paNa e siddhAntAnusAra vyAsajIe je kAvyaracanA karI te sAme vAMdho UThAvavAne haka nathI. mArA ja zabdo pharI UtAravAnI chUTa lauM to "A vicitra ghaTanAne prabhunA nirdoSa svarUpa sAthe zI rIte ghaTAvavI e dharmanA tattvajJAnano mahAprazna che-jene khulAse karavAnI kavine mAthe bhAgye ja pharaja che. enuM kAma te, jagatanI ghaTanA upara pratibhAne prakAza nAMkhI e ghaTanA jevI che tevI vAcaka AgaLa pratyakSa karavAnuM che; balake e ghaTanAnI prabhunA nirdoSa svarUpa sAthe * huM nathI dhArata ke rA. narasiMharAva zetAnanuM astitva mAnatA hoya. tethI e kaha5 huM choDI dau chuM.

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yudhiSThiranuM asatyakathana 193 saMgati karavA jatAM je virodha Ave che te prakaTa karI, e virodha vaDe A jaganI ghaTanAnuM adbhutapaNuM dazIvavuM e enuM kAma che. Ama mAre namra mata che." 8 atamAM, rA. narasiMharAva kahe che "rA. ANaMdazaMkara kRSNanA paramAtmArUpanI ghaTanA baMdha besADe che e cAturyayukta che; ethI vadhAre nathI." A ghaTanA mArI nathI; mahAbhAratakAranI che. vyAsajIthI mAMDI narasiMhamahetA sudhInA aneka tattvajJAnI bhakto jene "kapaTI" kahIne pUjatA AvyA che e "kapaTI" sAdhAraNa arthanA kapaTI karatAM judo hovo joIe e, e granthakArenA koI paNa abhyAsIne spaSTa jaNAyA vinA kema rahe e huM samajI zakatA nathI. jagatanA ItihAsamAM ATale badhe kALa sAdhAraNa ane kaI paNa kapaTI-ane te paNa vaLI e kapaTI che ema jaNAIne kapaTI tarIke !--pUjAyo meM jANyuM nathI. vaLI bIjA keI paNa dharmanA itihAsamAM AvuM vizeSaNu-sAmAnya arthamAM-paramAtmAne lagADeluM paNa meM joyuM nathI. te ja sAthe mAyAne ("kapaTa") siddhAnta jevo A dezamAM prarUpAya che tevo anya koI dezamAM prarUpAya nathI. ane ApaNuM granthamAM paramAtmAne A "mAyAne laI "bhAyAvI" (jAdugara) kahevAno pracAra mahAbhArata pahelAMnA kALathI cAlato Avyo che e suvidita che. A badhI kukaNa saMbadhI AkhyAyikAomAM ane tattvajJAnanA siddhAnta rasika AkAramAM mUtimatta thatA dekhAya che. "jJA suvLa salAyA" e kRtimAM varNavelA sakhA ja, nara-nArAyaNanI jeDamAM, ane pachI nara-nArAyaNanA avatArabhUta arjuna ane kRSNanA saMbadhamAM, mane pratIta thAya che; ane kRSNanuM sArathipaNuM ane yuddhamAM zastra na pakaDavA pratijJA e kaThopaniSadanA-"vattatva ja maffja vAkya kRti mu" (ma)nA siddhAntamAM mane laI jAya che. A uparAMta bIjI agaNita vastuoe kRSNamAM mane paramAtmabuddhi upajAvI che. Ama artha samajavAnI rItine "cAturya' kaho, agara e karatAM paNa vadhAre ayathArthatAvAcaka zabda lagADe, paNa seMTa polanA e ja jAtanA "cAturya upara atyAre Akho khristI dharma Ubho che. ane seMTa polanI daSTine niSedha karI aitihAsika jIsasane ja mAnavAne yuniTeriyana mata kadI paNa e khristI dharmanuM sthAna laI zakaze ema huM mAnato nathI. [ vasanta mArgazIrSa tathA phAlyuna 1969] - tethI ja ene "bApA" kahI che. 25.

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zags: phaLa mama" 24. suH zaraNaM mama" swta para mi itaravamahuM gAje ? AvuM sUtra maMgalAcaraNa mATe, balka jIvananI devI tarIke svIkAravA mATe, bIjuM maLavuM kaThaNa che. e traNa vAra meM uccAryuM, temAM mahAruM kAMIka tAtparya che. mahArI AgaLa be paMDita kahyuM chuM. emAMthI saguNabrahmavAdI bhakta che te kahe che: "kRSNathI para-enI pAra evuM bIjuM koI tattva huM jANu nathI." sAmA beThelA nirguNa brahmavAdIe paNa e ja paMkti uccArI, ane kahyuM. "kRNathI para" "kimapi"--nAma, anivacca-je nirguNa brahma che tene huM jANuM zakatA nathI, athata mahArA jJAnane viSaya karI zakato nathI; kAraNa ke nirguNa brahma ya nathI, "avAmanasagocara" che--kRti kahe che tema "vijJatArama na vinAnIcata?je sarvajJAnamAM jJAtArUpe rahe che ene jJAnane viSaya kevI rIte karI zakAya ? Ama saguNa brahmavAdI ane nirguNa brahmavAdI vacce thesis ane antithesis paraspara viruddha pakSane virodha cAlI rahyA che, tyAM huM emane zAMkaredAntane siddhAnta avalakavA, ane avalokyo hoya te pharI jarA UMDA UtarIne avalokavA, vinaMti karuM chuM. zaMkarAcArya kharuM jotAM saguNane niSedha karatA nathI, paNa emanA dekhAtA niSedhane UkelIne jovAmAM Ave te spaSTa samajhAya che ke emane mate adhikAna satathI pRthapha guNa evI vastu che ja nahi, mAtra ApaNuM buddhie nimelI pRthakkaraNanI kalpanAthI ene pRthapha mAnI lIdhI che, ke vastutaH e adhikAna satathI atirikta koI padArtha ja nathI, adhikAna satanuM e amuka svarUpa ja * banArasa hindu yunivarsiTImAM dara ravivAre havAre gItApravacana thAya che. kRNa janmASTamInA utsava anantara eka vAra mukhya pravacana thayA bAda zrI kulapatijInI AjJA thaI ke mahAre paNa kAMIka kahevuM, te uparathI hindImAM ApeluM vyAkhyAna. "gItApravacana" mATe niyata karelA samaya karatAM vadhAre samaya na thaI jAya-jethI koI zrotAjanane gItA upara anAdara thAya te mATe huM kALajI rAkhuM chuM. ane tethI mahAruM vyAkhyAna mahe TUMkuM karyuM che.

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chIsor of ww" che, ane pachI adhiSkraya na rahyuM eTale adhikAna kahevAnI paNa jarUra nathI. mAtra sata basa che. tyAre kRti asaMkhyavAra jagatanA saTTA tarIke brahmanuM pratipAdana kare che, ane vaLI "jeti neti" kahI ene sarva vizeSaNanI pAra paNa mUkI de che enuM zuM? e dekhAtA virodhamAM kRtinuM tAtparya ema kahevAnuM che ke je jagata che to ene aSTA paNa che, ane te saguNa braha; paNa je jagata nathI te ene saTTA paNa nathI, brA saguNa nathI paNa niSedhAtIta je rahI jAya che te ja che. dhyAnamAM rAkhavuM joIe ke guNa enA kAryanA khulAsA mATe ja kalpAya che, ane te koI paNa padArthamAM kalpavA hoya te te-arthAta aSTava-prakRti ke paramANamAM nahi paNa brAmA ja kalpavA joIe. A sUcana karavA mATe zruti brahmanirguNatA nirdezavAnI sAthe brahmakva nu paNa kathana kare che. Ama zAMkara siddhAMta pramANe nirguNa ane saguNa evAM be brahma nathI, tema ekaluM niNa che ane saguNa nathI ema paNa nathI, paNa saguNa ja ThIka ThIka vicAra karatA, arthAta paramArthataH, nirguNa ja che ema samajhAya che. Ama hAI ApaNuM sarva vyavahAra mATe brahma saguNa che ema mAnIne cAlIe te emA zAkara vedAntane virodha nathI, pratyuta (ulaTuM ), upara kahI te thesis ane antithesisy synthesis mAM, arthAta be virodhI pakSane trIjA UMcA ane grAhaka siddhAntamAM samAdhAna-samyaktayA AdhAna- thaI jAya che. te mATe "suta para vimapi taravamahuM ja sane" e paMkti traNa vAra traNa arthamAM huM uccArU chu. zrImadabhagavaddagItAmAM paramAtmAne aneka rUpe varNavyo che. jagatanA aSTA rUpe, pitArUpe, mAtArUpe, tattvarUpe; eTaluM ja nahi, balka manuSyasaMskRti jene mATe ApaNe prAcIna zabda "dharme" che enA rakSakarUpe enuM mukhya pratipAdana karyuM che, ane e bIjamAMthI mahAbhAratanA yuddhanI sarva ghaTanA utpanna thaelI batAvI che. yadA yadA hi dharmasya glAnirbhavati bhArata / abhyutthAnamadharmasya tadAtmAnaM sRjAmyaham // paritrANAya sAdhUnAM vinAzAya ca duSkRtAm / dharmasaMsthApanArthAya saMbhavAmi yuge yuge // ma. , vizeSa nirUpaNa mATe hArU vaDodarAmAM Apela vyAkhyAna juve zrImad bhagavadgItA saMbaMdhI thoDuMka vyAkhyAne.

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" zrI : rALa mama ' --A e zlAkamAM manujasaMskRtinA itihAsanuM tattvajJAna arka sarve rahesya bharyuM che. manuSyajAtinA itihAsamAM enAM rAjyA, mahArAjyA, atirAjyAnI utpatti sthiti ane laya OMvAM thAya che, zAM kAraNuthI thAya che, enI pAchaLa paramAtmAnA vA zubha ane bhavya hetu rahelA che e A zlAkamAM sUcita thAya che. " sAdhue " je A vizvanuM parama prayeAjana siddha karavAne janmelA che emanuM rakSaNa karavuM e bhagavAnaneA mULa uddeza che. e uddezane aMge emane duSkRtA"nA--duSkarma karanArAonA vinAza karavA paDe cheH khetaramAMthI sArA pAka UtAravA mATe kaMTakeAharaNa karavuM paDe che--gAkharU UkheDI nAMkhavA paDe che--te rIte, ane vastutaH duSkarmakArIone dekhAtA vinAza e zuddha svarUpanI prApti ja che. " duSkRt " kahevAmAM gUDha sUcanA e che ke manuSya kheATAM karmo kare che tyAre paNu, enuM AtmasvarUpa vicArIe teA e " durAtmA " hAtA nathI; A upara ja zuddhi ane kSamAnA siddhAnta baMdhAelA che. AtmA hamezAM zuddha-mudda-mutavabhAva ja hoya che, ane enA upara pApanAM AvaraNurUpa mela lAgI jAya che tApaNa te mela kAne kAI kALe khaseDI zakAya che ane te vAre AtmAnI svAbhAvika zuddhi prakaTI Ave che. rAvaNu-zizupAlAThei mULamAM viSleAkanA ja vAsI che ane ante emanu sthAna pApAkamAM nahi paNa viSNuleAkamAM ja che. paraMtu sAdhuonuM rakSaNa, ane duSkarmakArInA vinAza e baMne kriyAo jagatamAM dharma sArI rIte sthapAya te mATe dharma sthApanArthAya '--che. Ama avatAranu trIjuM kartavya, je bIjI be kriyAonA uddeza che--e batAvyuM. 196 .. paramAtmAnA avatAra zakaya che ?------e avatAramAM sAmAnya buddhine je vAMdhA naDe che, te e ke emAM paramAtmAne nIce UtArI pADavAmAM Ave che ema ene lAge che. vastutaH tema nathI. paramAtmAne " naiti naiti" (Transcendent) nI sAthe " sarja sariyat nnA " (Immanent) ema sRSTimAM UtAravAthI ene " UtArI pADavAmAM " AvatA hoya tA ja pUrvokta avatAravAdamAM ene UtArI pADavAmAM Ave che ema kahevAya. je sthiti khAdya sRSTinI che te ja Antara jIvAtmAnI che, ubhayamAM samAna rIte paramAtmAnA darzananI AvazyakatA che. paramAtmAne bAhya sRSTimAM ane Antara jIvAtmAmAM UtAravAthI enuM svarga khAlI nathI paDatuMH aihika thavAthI e para maTI nathI jatA, e chaThThu ane para baMnemAM bharapUra bharyAM rahe che. eTale thAya che te kevaLa eTaluM ja ke sRSTi paramAtmAnI mUrti rUpesamajhAtAM sRSTi jema enI bhautikatAmAMthI nIkaLI UMce caDhe che--jema ke

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"zas: sura ma" 197 veda saMhitAnA aneka devAmAM - tema manuja AtmAmAM prabhunuM darzana karatAM manuSya zIkhe che tyAre manuSya AtmA paNa UMcI bhUmikAe caDhe cheH eTale sudhI ke bAhya sRSTi paNa enI sevikA rUpe kalpAya che. arthAta e navI daSTimAM manuSya mukhya ane sRSTi gauNa sthAne rahe che. AthI ja brAhmaNa, jaina, bauddha khristI Adi sarva dharmanA avatAravAdamAM bAhya sRSTinA adhiSThAtA devo paNa (khristI dharmamAM phirastAo paNu) prabhunA avatAra vakhate svargamAMthI utarI enI sevA mATe hAjara thAya che. manuja AtmAnI A zreSThatA ane pUjA (apotheosis) thakI prabhunI gauNatA thatI nathI, paNa manuja AtmAnI uccatA thAya che e avatAravAdanuM rahasya che. paramAtmAne kaI dUra svargamAM beThela kalpIe te A pRthvI upara e zI rIte avatare e prazna svAbhAvika rIte thAya ja. paNa kaI paNa vicAraka paramAtmAnI evI sthala kalpanA atyAre karato nathI. paraMtu svargane kaI daizika bhUmirUpe na samajhIe ane ene niralaMkAra AdhyAtmika arthamAM ja laIe te paNa eka prazna rahe che ke paramAtmA chavAtmA na ja thaI zake ? ThIka ja kahevuM che ke "Infinite" yAne aparicchinna te "finite"yAne paricchinna kema thAya? mATe aparicchinna paricchinna thavuM e bhAva * dezakRta kAlakRta ane vastukRta pariccheda yAne maryAdA rahita. + vedAntasUtrakAra bAdarAyaNa muninA pahelAM A viSayamAM traNa mata hatA ema jaNAya che. eka AzmaraNyane mata ke jIvAtmA paramAtmAne vikAra haI paramAtmAthI bhinna nathI jema mRttikAnA padArtho mRttikAthI bhinna nathI te rIte. "brahmane jANavAthI saghaLuM jaNAI jAya che" e vyaktinI pratijJA tyAre ja siddha thAya jyAre (kAraNane jANavAthI kArya jaNAI jAya che e rIte) jIvane brahmanuM kArya mAnIe. bIjo mata aulomine che; aulomi mAne che ke jIvAtmA, arthAta jJAnI jIvAtmA, jyAre deha choDIne jAya che tyAre paramAtmA sAthe eka thAya cheH "yathA na sacavAnA samudra e nyAye. A rIte, jIvAtmAne paramAtmA sAthe abheda siddha nathI, paNa sAdhya che. trIjo mata kAzaka7ne che. emanA mata pramANe paramAtmA che te ne te avikArI rahI, jIvAtmA rUpe ajJAne karI anubhavAya che. arthAta jIvAtmA te paramAtmA che ja, eNe paramAtmA thavAnuM nathI, paNu paramAtmA chuM ema jANavAnuM che. A trIje siddhAnta upara svIkArelo che. kRti kahe che: "3Ana narenAtamanADanuMvira nAma sAtharm"-paramAtmA pote ja chavabhAve praveza karIne judAM judAM

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198 "zrIso i " ApaNe cheDI ja devo joIe. ane ene badale parichinamAM aparicchinanuM darzana karavuM e ja vAstavika sthiti svIkAravI joIe. A jJAnavAda yAne siddhArthaanubhavavAdaH e zAMkara vedAntane eka mahAna siddhAnta che. vastutara, paricchinnamAM aparicchinna sabhara bharyuM che ane tethI enuM darzana sarvatra sulabha hovuM joIe chatAM manuSyanI dRSTi evI sAMkaDI ane uparachallI che ke sAmAnya rIte e parichinnamAM ja bharAI rahe che. chatAM, paricchinamAM keTalAMka bindu evAM che ke jyAM aparicchinna svayaM jhaLakI UThe che. manuSya jyAre sAmAnyamAM kAMIka vizeSa, sAmAnya karatAM kAMIka adhika, juve che tyAre ene e aparicchinnanuM darzana thAya che. bhagavadgItAnA dazamA-vibhUtiyoganA-adhyAyamAM AvAM "vizeSabhavana'nAM sthAna udAharaNa rUpe ApyAM che. ane e sarva ApIne paNa chevaTe niceDa (niSkarSa) kADhaye che ke - " yadyad vibhUtimatsaravaM zrImadUrjitameva vaa|| tattadevAvagaccha tvaM mama tejoMzasaMbhavam // " bha. gI. -je je padArthamAM "vibhUti'-arthAta vizeSabhavana, kAMIne kAMI viziSTatA,-jovAmAM Ave te paramAtmAnA tejanA aMzamAMthI utpanna thaI che ema samajhavuM. e viziSTatA be prakAranI che, "zrImata" ane nita", ("ovina") aMgrejImAM jemane kramavAra "Beautiful ane "Sublime" kahe che... ane je mATe gujarAtImAM ApaNe hAla "sundara" ane "bhavya" zabdo vAparIe chIe. Ama paramAtmAne avatAra zakya balka nityasiddha hoIne paNa kRNune "pUrNAvatAra" "suretu mAvAna kavaca" kema kahevAmAM Ave che e zI rIte? anya avatArathI kRNanI viziSTatA huM e jouM chuM ke rAmanuM potAnuM jIvana jagata AgaLa Adarza rUpe raheluM che ke gautamabuddhane upadeza saMsAranI tRNuM vidAravAnuM mahAna sAdhana che. kRSNamAM jIvana ane upadeza bane che, ane baMne ekarUpa che. je emane upadeza sAMkhyanAmarUpa kare che. arthAta A bhedamaya saMsAramAM e jIva banatuM nathI, paNa jIva enuM eka svarUpa che. ke A hindI zabda gujarAtImAM levA jevo che, AsAhityane viSaya AgaLa upara carcIzuM ahI enI carcA karatAM viSayAntara thaI jaze. [banne uparanI TUMkI nedha mATe juoH kAvyatatva vicAra pR. 18]

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"zana para mama" 18 gane che, tevuM emanuM jIvana paNa sAMkhyayogInuM che. gItAnA dhyAnane aMge enA anusaMdhAnane eka eka che emAM gItAne "tAravarSi" kahI che, tyAM "ata" padathI jIva-zivanuM advaita Adi game te advaita vivakSita he, paNa sahu advaitamAM eka advaita je gItAnA upadezanuM kendra che te pravRtti ane nivRttinuM ata-arthAta, pravRtti eka pAsa ane nivRtti bIjI pAsa ema be alaga alaga jIvana nahi; amuka vayamAM pravRtti ane pachI nivRtti evo kAlika krama paNa nahi; paNa enuM advaita arthAta, baMnene ekarUpe anubhavavAM e che. "karmaNyakarma yaH pazyedakarmaNi ca karma yH| sa buddhimAn manuSyeSu sa yuktaH kRtsnakarmakRt // " ma. jI. kRSNanuM jIvana kharekhara evuM hatuM, ane e jIvanane mahAna Adarza paramAtmA pite cheH uttIdeyurime lokA na kuyA karma cedaham // nAnavAptavAptavyaM varte eva ca karmaNi // tasya kAramapi mAM viddhayakartAramavyayam // ma. jA. -ItyAdi bhagavadgItAnAM aneka vAkayamAM saMsAra ane saMsArAtIta dazAnI paramAtmAmAM ekatA batAvI che. A to vedAntanI daSTie vastu vicArI, paraMtu keI paNa IzvaravAda loH sarvemAM e ja virodhI tavano samanvaya karavAnuM prApta thaze. Izvare jagata saryuM che, arthAta e karma kare che e pratyakSa siddha che; tema e nitya zuddha hAI e karmathI lipta te nathI e paNa eTaluM ja spaSTa che. arthAta, azuddha jagatane utpanna karyA chatAM paramAtmAnI zuddhine bAdha Avato nathI ema haitI - aMtI sarva IzvaravAdIoe kahevuM paDe che. A "antinomy"+yAne virodhane ja lIlA" kahe, "mAyA" kahe, "avivA" kahe, "abhuta zakti" kahe, vA prANIonA karmanI sApekSatA" kapIne mArga kATavAne vana 4 pArthAya pratibodhitAM bhagavatA nArAyaNena svayaM vyAsena prathitAM purANamuninA madhyemahAbhAratam / advaitAmRtavarSiNIbhagavatImaSTAdazAdhyAyinImamba vAmanusaMdadhAmi bhagavadgIte bhavapiNIm / / + kAranA tatvajJAnano prasiddha zabda.

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33 " zrI Na: zaraNaM mama 200 kahe: cAhe| tema kaho, paNa viSaparihAranI dRSTie sahu eka ja che. mahAbhAratakAre kRSNanuM A svarUpa -- karma ( pravrutti )mAM akarma (nivRtti) ane akarmamAM karma, kartA ane chatAM akartA e svarUpa -- kRSNane mahAbhAratakAre niHzastra rAkhIne ane te ja sAthe emane arjunanA sArathi anAvIne, balke AkhA mahAbhArata yuddhanA sUtradhAra rUpe varNavIne, prakaTa karyuM che. AmAM jema e mahAna kavinI kAvyakalAnI kuzalatA che tema paramAtmAnA cintanamAMthI prakaTa thatuM tattvajJAnanuM eka adbhuta satya che. vyAsanuM mahAbhArata te zuM, paNa ApaNuM jIvana je eka nhAnA pramANamAM mahAbhArata ja che enuM sUtra paNa e sUtradhAranA ja hAthamAM che. paNa enuM ja ene ApIeH ApaNI ajJAna dazAmAM je sUtra enA hAthamAM che e jJAnathI enA hAthamAM raheluM joI e tA e e sthiti vacce timira ane prakAza jeTalA phera jaNAzeH andhakAramAM DUbeluM jagata sauMdaya thatAM jevuM avanavuM dIse che tema e paramAtmAnuM darzana thatAM manuSyajIvana paNu kAIka adbhuta sphUrti ane prakAzathI jhaLahaLI rahe che. paraMtu A sthiti zI rIte prApta thAya? uttaraH camacaitra vRttute saina janya tathaivAsmA viSNugutte tenuM svAm / ' ( upaniSad ): e jene cAhe tene pAtAnuM svarUpa prakaTa kare che, ane te ja bhAgyavAna puruSa vA strI ene pAmI zake che. paNa e sUtradhAranA anugraha meLavavA mATe kAI dhArI mA che? manuSya buddhimAM je paramAtmAnA prakAza rahelA che te vaDe manuSya e mArgo joI zake che ghaNA nAnI sAdhu ane bhakta janAe joyA che ane * unhALAmAM--mArca eprilamAM--gagAnAM pANI chAcharAM thaI gayAM hAya che tyAre mAla bharelA nAvane saDha caDhAvIne ane ene lAMkhe| dAra AMdhIne, nAvika e dAra pakaDI kAMThA upara dUra dUra cAle che, ane e rIte nAvane dore che. e ja rIte, ApaNA jIvananI derI paNa e ja paramAtmAne ja hAtha nathI? na heAya te ApaNe samapavI joIe, ane prArthanA karavI joI e ke " prabhu ! naukA mhArI sarala calavA rAkhI karuNA." narasiha mahetAnA " jAgIne jou tA" e prabhAtinA vyAkhyAnarUpamhArA purANA 6 divyaprabhAta " e nAmanA lekhanuM vAcakane smaraNa Apu ? [ A pustaka pR. 205] --

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zrIso i mama" 201 pitAnA manuSya badhuone karuNuM karI batAvyA che. e mAge teoe pitApitAnI buddhi anubhava ane mAnasabaMdhAraNane anusarIne joyA che tathA batAvyA che, ane ApaNe paNa e ja pramANe ene ApaNuM buddhimAM UtArI, anubhavanI sAthe ene meLa thAya che ke kema e jotA jaI ApaNuM pitAnuM mAnasabaMdhAraNa dhyAnamAM rAkhI, adhikArAnusAra e sevavAnA che. e mArga te jJAna bhakti ane karmaH bhagavadagItAmAM e traNenA svarUpanuM ane paraspara saMbandhanuM puSkaLa nirUpaNa karyuM che. e traNene gya samanvaya thatAM, mahArA jIvananuM sUtra enuM ja che, huM mAruM hAruM kahuM chuM e vastutaH enuM ja che, huM pote ene ja chuM, pachI mahArUM svatanna ApuM" (akhAne zabda) kayAM rahyuM A ja bhaktinI parAkASThA, "manmanA bhava madbhakto madhAjI mAM nmskuru"| "sarva dharmAn pritykaca ma zara " (bha. gI) e sUtramAM upadezelo "prapatti ga." e ja prapati-gathI ajJAnanA AvaraNane bhaMga ane jJAnanI siddhi ane ene ja vyAvahArika jIvanamAM praveza A ja "brAhmI sthiti" ane e ja kharuM "brahmanirvANa." vasanata Azvina saMvata 1990

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siddhAnta nirUpaNa vAti ke

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divyaprabhAta ra na divyaprabhAta jAgIne jouM te jagata dIse nahIM, UMghamAM aTapaTA ga bhAse; citta caitanyavilAsa tadrupa che, brahma laTakAM kare brA pAse. jA, Teka, paMca mahAbhUta paribrahma viSe UpanyAM, aNu aNu mAMhi rahyAre vaLagI phUlane phaLa te te vRkSanAM jANavAM, thaDa thakI DALa tenahire aLagI jAva veda te ema vade, kRti smRti sAkhya de, kanaka kuMDala viSe bheda ne, ghATa ghaDayA pachI nAma rUpa jUjavAM, aMtye te hemanuM hema haiye. jA jIvane zIva te Apa IcchAe thayA, racI parapaMca cauda leka kIdhA, bhaNe narasaiye te ja tuM te ja tuM, ene samayathI kaI saMta sIdhyA jAva narasiMha mahetA (vyAkhyAna) uparanA kAvyanuM nAma ApaNe "divyaprabhAta pADIzuM. kAraNa eka te, "divya zabdanI sAthe ApaNA hadayamAM bahu unnata ane pavitra bhAvo joDAelA che. phi ' dhAtune artha prakAza thAya che, ane je ke hAla ApaNuM nivArya hadayane A zabdanA alaukika ane gaMbhIra arthane sAkSAtkAra thADe che, te paNa ApaNane hajI eTaluM to smaraNa rahyuM che ke ApaNuM prAcIna RSijane vizvanI bhautika ane AdhyAtmika prakAza-zaktione "reva' zabdamAM apakSa anubhava karatA. vaLI pAzcAtya prajAonI bhASAnA Deus-Zeus zabdo A deva' zabdanI sAthe sabandha dharAve che, eTale samasta manuSyajAtinI deva-mAM-arthAta prakAzamaya brahmamAM-ekatA anubhavavAne upadeza paNa A zabdamAthI nIkaLI zake che. bIjuM"prabhAta" kahevAnuM kAraNa ke A kAvya prabhAtiyuM che, prabhAta thatAM prabhAta saMbadhe gavAyuM che; ane vizeSamAM, "mar' dhAtu jJAna ane prakAza ubhayArthaka heI "prabhAta" zabda prakRSTa bhAna-eTale atyaMta unnata ane apakSa evA anubhava-nuM sUcana kare che. jAgIne jouM te jagata se nahIM, UMghamAM aTapaTA bhoga bhAse sAmAnya rIte hadayane rAtrine samaya bhaya, ajJAna, ane pApano che; prabhAtane Ananda, jJAna, ane pavitratAne che. prabhAtamAM uThI bhakta kavi zabdanI ApaNe "divya bhAjapa

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divyaprabhAta ane jI . carmacakSu divasa laukika che, ahI zakAya paNa padAtha gAya cheH "jAgIne jou te jagata dIse nahI, UdhamAM aTapaTA bhoga bhAse." . atre jAgIne e ukita mAtra bhautika jAgradevasthAne-prabhAtane ja lAgU che ema nathI. carmacakSane jema rAtridivasa che, tema AtmAne paNa che. bheda eTalo che ke carmacakSunAM rAtridivasa laukika che, arthAta IndriyathI grahAya che; AtmAnAM alaukika che, arthAta AtmAthI ja grahI zakAya che. vyavahAratimirathI gherAelo AtmA, carmacakSue jete, IndriyagrAhya brahmAMDa vinA anya kAMI dekhato ja nathI. kemake enI dRSTi vyavahAratimirathI dUSita che. IndriyathI padArthanuM sthUla svarUpa grahaNa thAya che; anvayavyatirekathI judA judA padArthone paraspara kAryakAraNurUpa saMbandha grahaNa thAya che; paNa padArthanuM aMtastatvaenuM AtmasvarU5-e to AtmAmAM divya caitanyanA prAdurbhAva sivAya anya mArgo grahI zakAtuM ja nathI. jagatanA kharA kavio, tattvacitake, dharmapravartike, mahAna bhautika padArthazAstrIo-jemAM kAMI paNa asAdhAraNutA jovAmAM Ave che te sarvamAM divya caitanyanA aMzanI kalpanA vinA emanI mahattAne khulAso thaI zakato nathI. akhila IndriyagrAhya brahmAMDa je "loka" zabdathI vAcya che tethI para je alaukika te "divya'; je mAtra A pRthvInA ja nahi paNa bhautika padArtha mAtranA niyamathI atIta che te rAtadivasa vaNiphavRttithI saMsArane nirvAha karanArA prAkRta janenA anubhavane divyatAno abhAva sAdhavA AgaLa dharavAmAM Ave, te e sAdhanapaddhati atre agrAhya che, kAraNa ke evA janone anubhava A viSayamAM nakAmo che. divya dhAma carmacakSuthI grahI zakAtuM nathI mATe te nathI ema kahevuM te zabda AMkhe dekhI zakAtuM nathI mATe nathI ema kahevA karatAM adhika Adarane pAtra nathI. anAdi kALathI manuSyajJAnanA laukika ane alaukika (divya) evA vibhAga paDayA che, ane e nirmala heya e asaMbhavita che. ane mArge rahI zakate AtmAmAM A rIte alaukikatA e mAtra kalpita padArtha nathI ema siddha thAya che. te have vicAravAne bIjo prazna e che ke laukika ane alaukika vacce paraspara saMbaMdha zuM che? ubhaya eka ja jJAtA sAthe saMbaMdha dharAve che, jJAnaviSaya che, ane samudita thaI "vizva-zabadavA che, eTalA uparathI emane paraspara saMbaMdha te siddha ja che. mAtra jovAnuM eTaluM ja rahe che ke e saMbaMdha kevA prakArano che? baMne sata che, mAtra emanA sattva (astitva)nA prakAra judA che e eka uttara che; baMne sata nathI, alaukika sata che, laukika asata che, ane eka bAdha karI bIjuM udaya pAme che e bIje uttara che.

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divyaprabhAta 297 A bemAMthI bIje uttara ja khare samajAya che. prathama uttaramAM khAmI e che ke e rIte te jJAnanA yathArtha ane mithyA evA vibhAga ja na paDe. jJAna mAtra AtmAnI kSaNika avasthiti rU5 thAya ane yathArtha ane mithyAsatya ane asatya evuM kAMI saMbhave ja nahi. svapna jema AtmAnI eka sthiti che tema jAgrata eka bIjI sthiti thAya, ane jAgrata svamane bAdha karI hure che e anubhavanI ayogya avagaNanA thAya. vaLI, eka ucca jIvananA manuSyane jagata kevuM bhAse che, ane eka svArthaparAyaNa vaNikane kevuM bhAse che e jarA kalpanAmAM lAvo ane pachI kahe ke e be jagata mAtra judA judA prakAranAM paNa baMne kharAM che ema kahevuM e vastusthitinuM yathAsthita varNana che, ke e bemAMthI eka ja kharuM che ane bIjI devathI bhAse che e kahevuM yathArtha che? eka manuSyane sata-asatane viveka karanAra aMtardIpa prakAzamAna che, bIjAne asta vA aprajavalita che. e baMne kartavya vicAramAM pitapotAnI rIte kharA ja che ema kahevuM ucita gaNAze? nahi ja. tyAre sAmAnya buddhi ane kRti viSe je siddha che, e AtmA vize-eTale AtmAnA dhArmika tatva viSe-paNa siddha hovuM ja joIe. ApaNuM vyavahArAvasthA eka gADha suSupti che e anubhava cheDe ghaNe bhAge pratyeka dhArmika hRdayane che. prabhuno sAkSAtkAra jema vadhAre tIvra, vadhAre UMDe, vadhAre khare te cAle che, tema A anubhava AtmAmAM vadhAre sthira ane sUta tha (sIvA) Ave che. sarva upadezagranthanA agra sthAne virAjanAra zrImad bhagavadgItAmAM zrIkRSNa arjunane kahe che - " yA nizA sarvabhUtAnAM tasyAM jAgarti sNymii| carcA jAgrati matAni nA niur crayatA muje (je bhUta mAtranI rAtri che temAM saMyamI jAge che, ane jemAM sarva bhUta jAge che temAM jJAnInI nidrA che. "ajJAnI jana saba sate haya, usameM saMyamI jAgata hai viSNudAsajI loTata leta sabameM alakha jagAvata hai.") ane e ja siddhAntane judA judA kavioe tattvavettAoe ane dharmopadezakAe judI judI tarehathI pratipAdana karyo che, narasiMha mahetAnI mAphaka akhe kahe che: "huM huM rUpI vIte rAta, tene TaLatAM thAya prabhAta." kAlidAsa 4he , " maraNaM prakRtiH zarIriNAM vikRti vitamucyate yudhaiH / (maraNa e prANunI prakRti che; jIvita e ja vikRti che.)" ane bhakta kavi vavartha pleTanA siddhAntane anuvAda karI lakhe cheH

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, 208 divyaprabhAta " Our birth is but a sleep and a forgetting; The soul that rises with us, our life's star Hath had elsewhere its setting And cometh from afar." " ("maryajIvana eka suSupti che, sva-svarUpanuM vismaraNa che" ItyAdi.) bauddhadharmanuM "nirvANu" ane kizcieniTine "Reconciliation" eTale manuSyaAtmA IzvarathI vimukha thaI enA kopane pAtra thayo che, paNa Akhare krAIsTadvArA dharmAcaraNathI e Izvarane tathA enA prasAdane pAmaze-e baMne siddhAnta eka ja satyanAM svarUpa che. ane e ja vAta vedAntIo bhAyA avidyA, "ajJAna, vivarta "anirvacanIyatA ityAdi pAribhASika zabda vaDe samajAve che. "mAyAvAdI ne A rIte samajI letAM, e saMbaMdhI aneka mithyA kalpanAo anAyAse dUra thaI jAya che. jJAnanAM dvAra judAM judAM saMbhave che, jevAM ke Indriya, mana vagere. paNa jJAna pate te hamezAM ekarUpa ja che. eTale dharmavRttidvArA je satya manuSyaAtmAmAM udaya pAme che te tarkathI paNa siddha karI zakAya evuM hovuM joIe; arthAta dharmavRtti eka vAta sthApe ane tarkavRtti ethI ulaTI ja vAta siddha kare e asaMbhavita che. mATe pUrvokta dhArmika hRdayane anubhava je bhrama nathI to tenuM tarkathI samarthana karavuM-e kAma mAtra vedAntIonuM ja nathI, paNa samAna rIte sarva satyAnveSI janane zira che. vedAnatane "bhAyAvAdI A siddha karavAne yatna che, te e "bhAyAvAdane kheTa karAvavA keAI paNa dhArmika AtmAne zA mATe Agraha hovo joIe e amArAthI samajAtuM nathI. (1) anubhavavidha e mAyAvAda upara mUkAtuM eka dUSaNa che. paNa jarA sUkamatAthI vicAratAM samajAze ke bhAyAvAdanuM jagata nathI evuM sAmAnya kahevuM nathI, paNa jagata jagata-rUpe nathI ema kahevuM che, ane A be ukti vacce bheda che. avaraccheda vagara sAmAnya rItie jagatane che vA nathI kahevuM e baMne sarakhI rIte arthazanya vAkayo che. jagatane amuka avaccheda laIne, eTale amuka rUpe ja, "che vA nathI kahevAmAM artha che. mAyAvAda spaSTa rIte kahe che ke jagata jagarUpe nathI. ema kahevAnuM tAtparya evuM che ke prAkRta janane jagata je rUpe bhAse che te karatAM dhArmika AtmAne e ja rUpe pratIta thAya che. ane e be prakAramAM dhArmika AtmAnI je daSTi che te ja kharI che, ane prAkRta jananI beTI che. e ja vAta bIjI

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divyaprabhAta 20e rIte mUkIe te-prAkRta janenuM jagat vastutaH "nathI", dhArmika jananuM che. jagata paNa che, ane Izvara paNa che ema mAnanArA Izvara sAkSAtkAranuM kharuM svarUpa samajatA nathI, athavA te emanA UMDA aMtamAM emane Izvara-sAkSAtkAra thayo ja nathI ema kahIe te paNa cAle. jagata (jagarUpe jagata) ane Izvara evuM samUhAlaMbana (ekaThuM) jJAna hoya, athavA kramika (eka pachI eka, ekabIjAthI svatanna) jJAna hoya. samUhAlaMbana saMbhave nahi kemake jagata ane Izvara nahi paNa jagamAM Izvara evo anubhava thAya che. vaLI ekaja sAkSAtkAranA baMne viSaya paNa kema hoI zake? jagata IndriyathI grahAya che, Izvara sarvavicchedarahita che ane atikriya hoI AtmadaSTithI ja anubhavAya che. ukata jJAna, jagatapratyakSa apakSa jagadanubhava) te eka, ane IzvarapratyakSa (apakSa Izvara anubhava) bIjuM, ema be kramika jJAna rUpe utpanna thaIne paNa aTake nahi. IzvarapratyakSa udaya thatAM ene pratyAghAta-ene prakAza-jagatapratyakSa upara paDe che, ane havenuM jagatapratyakSa ajJAna avasthAnA jagatapratyakSathI juduM ja che eTaluM ja nahi, paNa enuM bAdhaka che ema anubhava kahe che. C. G. Rossett nuM kahevuM yathArtha che ke - And if that life is life, This is but a breath, The passage of a dream And the shadow of death; But a vain shadow If one considereth ; Vanity of vanities As the preacher saith. "If one considereth" "vicArI jotAM"--e zabdo upara jarA lakSa devAnuM che. vyAvahArika anubhavamAM jagata nathI ema vedAntanuM kadI kahevuM nathI. je vyavahArasiddha che te te tema che ja. zAstradaSTie je navIna vAta siddha thAya che te ja zAstrane pratipAdana karavAnI che. mATe "traNa satya" ane "kaniSadazA" ema e kahe che. lokadaSTie eTale vyAvahArika bhrabhAtmaka pratItimAM jagata bhUta bhaviSya ane vartamAna traNe kAlamAM che, zAstrIya eTale pAramArthika daSTie vicAratAM e kadApi nathI.

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10 divyaprabhAta ema te nahi ja kahI zakAya ke vyAvahArika ane pAramArthika evo bheda ja khe che, kemake evo bheda na hoya te koI paNa viSayanuM zAstra ja saMbhave nahi. jevAM khagaLa Adi viSayanAM zAstro che, evuM ja brahmajJAnanuM zAstra che. ane jema khagoLavidyA pRthvInuM sthira hovuM bhramAtmaka che ema siddha kare che, tema brahmavidyA jagatane jagatarUpe bhramAtmaka che ema TharAve che. pachI anubhavavidhane-eTale laikika anubhavavidhane-avakAza kyAM rahyo ? laukika anubhavavidhathI bhaDakanArane te eTale ja uttara che ke "No one has any genuine gift for philosophy who has never doubted the reality of material things." (2) mAyAvAda saMbaMdhe eka bIjI brAti pracalita che. jagatane asatya, "apratiSa' kahevuM e vedAntane mAyAvAda che evI bhUla ghaNuM miththA vedAntIo ane vedAntanA pratipakSIo kare che. paNa te kharuM jotAM zrIkRSNa kahe che tema anIzvara-vAda che. mAyAvAda jagatane asatya kahIne aTakato nathI, paNa brahma e ja "satya che, jagatanI pratiSThA" brahmamAM che ema adhika pratipAdana kare che, ane A bheda cheDo nathI. jagatane niSedha anubhavAtAM Izvarane mahimA ocho thato nathI. paNa tene badale e vadhAre ezvaryavALA ane apakSa thAya che--jenuM eka advitIya citra gujarAtI bhASAmAM AlekhAyuM che.* (gIti) je ' sahasA A phATayuM apUrvane bhavya zAnta tejataNuM, tadapi nayana jhaMkhavatuM brahmAMDa javalaMta, je dUra ghaNuM. (upajAti-vasaMtatilakA) ane ahiMthI kaMI bhAnu keTi jhaMkhAvI dete ja pracaMDa ti + "maracativuM te bahAdurIzvara - bha0 gI0 * prAtaHkAlIna sUryasparza thatAM jema menanI mUrtimAMthI kaIka alaukika saMgIta nIkaLatuM, tema advaitanuM darzana thatAM "kavihRdaya nAma viNuM" mAMthI A saMgIta nIkaLyuM che. kavi kavi maTI jai TIkAmAM kAMIka kahe che, paNa te vAMcavA ApaNI IcchA nathI. tema ApaNe kAma paNa kavinuM nathI, paNa "kavihRdayanuM che.

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divyaprabhAta - - - - - - - - - tathApi UMDI kaI zAnita dhArI, je ! Ama A jhaLahaLe zuM agAdha bhArI ! e tinA pUra agAdha mAhi anaMta brahmAMDa DUbyAM ja kAMI; DUkhyA badhA divya gaNe tarata, DUbI vaLI amItaNuM nada vegavaMta. pracaMDa e jayati akhaMDa vahete vizALa A vizvavilepa te; nA tithI bhinna dAse ja kAI A peraje! prakRti DUbI puruSa mAMhi. jAgIne jou te jagata dIse nahI" e narasiha mahetAnuM vacana paNa A anubhavacitranI ja prathama rekhA jevuM che. "parAvaraparA majayaMta" e jJAna AtmAmAM jema AMdhaka adhika praveza karatu Ave che tema AtmA e jJAna rUpa thatuM jAya che. ane krame karIne e jJAna ajJAnanuM bAdhaka che e vRttine paNa vilaya thaI jaI, ane jJAna ja svaye ekaluM prakAze che. pachI "nA tithI bhinna dIse ja kAMI !" " amRta purastAt brahma pazcAt brahma dakSiNatayottareNa / adhazcoya ca pravRrta traDha vizvamaraM rimA" e anubhava daDha thatAM "UMgha"no avakAza rahetuM nathI. je "tirUpa thaI sarvatra "jyoti" nihALe che, ane "tame rUpa jagatane jeNe "asata' karI phekI dIdhu che, tene e jagata kyAMthI "dIse"? kadAcita "dIse" te paNa bhUtakALamAM vilIna mUrti rUpe ja, eTale ethI ene hAni paNa zI jJAnIne mana jagata UMghamAM bhAsatA "aTapaTA bhAga" nI jALa che, ane jarA AgaLa jatAM ene samagra vizvamAM parama-Atma-svarUpane ja lAbha dekhAya che, eTale ene bhAga evI vastu ja rahetI nathI. jyAM sudhI A bhega che, tyAMsudhI paNa ene nizcaya che ke e bhega "aTapaTA che, athAta anirvAcya che, samajavA durghaTa che, ane AtmAne viSayalAlasAmAM derI svarUpahAni karAve che. A rIte jAgIne jouM te jagata dIse nahi UMghamAM aTapaTA ga bhAse e uktinuM tAtparya che. bhAyAvAda upara AkhA vedAntanI racanA che, ane e vAda upara ja enA pratipakSIone savizeSa AkSepa che, mATe e vAdanI pratipAdaka A

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212 , divyaprabhAta prathama paMkti upara ApaNe jarA vistArathI vicAra karyo. bAkInI paMktionuM have TUMkAmAM manana karI jaIzuM. "citta caitanyavilAsa tadrupa che brahma laTakAM kare brahma pAse." citta e cita vilAsathI bhinna nathI-arthAta caitanyathI ja banyuM rahyuM che. AtmA vastutaH vikArarahita che, kemake sarvavikAro e sAkSI che. vikAra enI dRSTi AgaLa hastAmalakavata viSaya thaI phure che, chatAM e vikAra pitAnA che ane pitAmAM che ema e mAne che, eTale ke pite tene sAkSI che chatAM upAdAnarUpe kalpAya che. A vikAranA upAdAnabhUta Atma-svarUpanuM nAma atre "cita che. citta e kAMI AtmAthI bhinna vyakti nathI. sutAra ane vAMsalAno saMbaMdha che evo AtmA ane cittane bhedAtmaka bAhya saMbadha nathI. pitAnuM kAraNa paNa AtmA pite pitAmAMthI ja upajAvI kADhe che. mATe kavi kahe che--"citta caitanyavilAsa tadrupa che, ane A rIte brahma laTakAM kare brahma pAse." AtmA ane citta ubhaya brahmarUpa hovAthI citta je je ramate AtmA AgaLa rame che, AtmAne lobhAvavA mATe viSaya mohinI - prakRtinartakInAM je je svarUpa e dhAraNa kare che te sarva brahma" nAM "brA" pAsenAM "laTakA" ja che. bhaktA ane (bhogasAdhanasahita) bhAgya, pramAtA ane pramANusahita) prameya sarva brahmarUpa che, ema samajI letAM mekSa hastagata che. cittane ane je vAsanAone emAM antarbhAva che e vAsanAone "brahma' rU5 mAnavAne atre je upadeza che teno artha e nathI ke citta brahma che ema zabdamAM-mAtra parokSa rIte mAnavuM, paNa aparokSa rIte eTale brahmapadArthonA sAkSAtkArapUrvaka cittane brahma mAnavAnuM che. sarva zrema jAt', "vAkuvaH samiti, e satya jyAM sudhI zabdamAM ja che tyAM sudhI ethI kAMI lAbha nathI; kavacita hAni paNa thAya che. paNa je kSaNe e satya zabdanA pradezamAMthI ubharAI AtmAmAM praveza kare che te kSaNa atyanta zuddhi prApta thaI AtmAmAM pApa ke anya koI paNa depane saMbhava rahetuM nathI. kemake "brahma' zabdavaDe je vastune nirdeza che te atyaMta "vizuddha viraja, vizaka "apApaviddha paramAtmA che. eka bIjI rIte paNa A paMkti jI zakAya che. citta kahetAM, antaHkaraNa (citta)-avacchinna tanya, je jIvAtmA paNa kahevAya che te, paramAtmasvarUpane ja vilAsa haI paramAtmasvarUpa che ane paramAtmA AgaLa "laTakAM karI rahyo che.

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divyaprabhAta 23 A rIte Antara jagatanI brahmarUpatA batAvI, bAhya jagatanI zraddhArUpatA batAve che. paMca mahAbhUta paribrahma viSe UpanyAM,aNu aNu mAMhi rahyAre vaLagI phUla ne phaLa te te vRkSanAM jANavAM, thaDa thakI DALa te nahire aLagI." pRthivyAdi paMca mahAbhUta paribrahma," eTale parabrahma vA pariH (AsapAsa) vistarI rahelA brahmA, viSe utpanna thayAM che; ane "aNu aNu pratyeka paramANu, "brahmamAMhI " ja vaLagI rahyAM che. tAtparya ke jagatanI utpatti ane sthiti baMnenuM kAraNa brahma che, ane te jagatathI taTastha eTale bahAra rahIne nahi, paNa jagathI para chatAM "viSe eTale antamAM rahIne;arthAt jagatanuM nimitta-upAdAna-ane-adhiSThAna kAraNa brahma che. jema phUla" ane "phaLa" vRkSamAMthI ja utpanna thayAM che, ane jema vRkSathI "DALa aLagI nathI paNa vRkSanI ja avayavabhUta che, tema A jagata paNa brahmAne ja vilAsa (phUla) che, brahmanI je rasaniSpatti ("La") che, zraddhAne ja eka aMza ("DALa') che. paMca mahAbhUta paribrahma viSe "UpanyAM" eTale utpanna thayAM-utpanna karyA ema nahi. Ama kahevAmAM kadAca sUkSma tAtparya evuM hoya ke brahma svayaM nirvizeSa che, sarva saMdharahita che, ane A prakAma che eTale enI sAthe utpatti karavAno vicAra asaMgata che. jagata brahmanI "kevala lIlA" che ema vedAnta taraphathI kaI kaI vAra kahevAmAM Ave che, tenuM tAtparya eTalu ja che ke kaI paNa prakAranA zrama vinA eTale mAyArUpI brAnA svabhAvathI ja A jagatane AvirbhAva che, ane brahmane Ananda emAM mUrtimAna thAya che. brahe amuka samaye jagansarjanane Arabha karyo ema mAnatAM aneka bAdha Ave che. advaitamAthI Ata kema thayu? amuka kSaNe ja jagatanI utpatti zA mATe thavI joIe? ethI pahelA kema nahi ? atyAra sudhI vilaMbanuM kAraNa zuM? kAraNa hoya che te ja kAraNa e karatAM adhika vilaMba kema na kare? ItyAdi. * veda te ema vade, zruti samRti sAkha de, kanakakuMDaLa viSe bheda ne, ghATa ghaDyA pachI nAmarUpa jUjavAM, ane te hemanuM hema hoye. kAryakAraNanA abheda nyAye, jagata, brahna thakI bhinna nathI e siddhAntanuM veda pratipAdana kare che, ane zruti-smRti paNa emAM "sAkhya" pUre che. - Do. mArTine paNa A deza kabula kare che.

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14. divyaprabhAta ApaNe vyAvahArika anubhava paNa kahe che ke kanaka kuMDaLa vagere judAM judAM "nAmarUpa" "ghATa ghaDyA pachI" thAya che, paNa AraMbhamAM ane aMtamAM. te sarva jahemarUpa" ja che. ane vicAra karatAM madhyamAM paNa e hema ja che. zrI gauDapAdAcArya kahe che tema "sAvAva = carita vartanakapi tarathA" je Adi ane aMtamAM nathI te vartamAnamAM paNa nathI ja. atre veda" eTale mannasaMhitA ane "kRti" eTale brAhmaNa-upaniSad ema artha hoya, athavA "zrati" zabdane jarA avicArita punarukitarUpa prayoga thaI gayo hoya. game te he. paNa atre, kadAca kavine anabhipreta evo nigUDha dhvani rahyo che te e che ke veda eTale jJAna, zabdArthajJAna; pachI e jJAnanuM zravaNa eTale hRdayamAM utAravuM; ane pachI enuM vAraMvAra smaraNa eTale prIti pUrvaka nididhyAsana--e traNa vidhi thatAM pUrvokta satyane yathArtha anubhava thAya che. A rIte jotAM, veda phakta "da che" paNa enI "sAkhya" te zruti ane smRti ja pUre che e kahevuM egya che. jIvane ziva te Apa IcchAe thayA, racI parapaMca cauda loka kIdhA bhaNe narase te ja tuM te ja tuM, ene samayathI kaMI saMta sIdhyA. jIva ane ziva ubhayanuM astitva "A5mAM" kahetAM AtmAmAM- nirvizeSa brahmamAM-che; jenA bhAyArUpI svabhAvathI cauda lokane "parapaMca" eTale "mithyAbAjI vA paMcIkRta jagat racAyuM che. "he bhAI! te ja tuM che" "tarava"i ema narasaiyo samaje che ane tene samajAve che. ene samayathI ja aneka saMta siddhine pAmyA che. ane enuM vismaraNa e A jagata vRkSanuM Adi kAraNa che. sudarzana navembara I. sa. 1898

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"mAvatanA" 215 mAvitanamaH" sarvabhUteSu yaH pshyedbhgvdbhaavmaatmnH| bhUtAni bhagavatyAtmanyeSa bhaagvtosmH|| (mAnavata) bhASya (rAga dhanyAzrI) vaLI vaLI kahuchuM bhakti vizeSajI, je na dekhe hari vinA reSajI; pekhe saghaLA harine veSajI, te jana kahene na kare uvekhajI. (pUrvachAyA). uvekha na kare keyane, AtmA vilasI rahe; jehane zrI bhAgavata gAye, gItA upaniSade jene kahyo. bhAI bhakta te je ema jANe, jANIne hRdaye dhare; svAmI mahAre rahyA saghaLe, aharniza ciMtana ema kare. bhuvana traNyamAM rahyo pUrI, pUraNa sva paramAtamA; pite te pIyujI niraMtara paNa bheda dekhe bhAtyamAM. mAhare rAma rame che sahu viSe, ema hete hase mana; hari kahe e sAMbhale hari, harine sepe tana. nitya rAsa nArAyaNa kere dekhe te anaMta apAra; jihAM jevo tihAM teha, nArAyaNa naranAra. gadagada kaMThe gAte thake, romAMcita heAye gAtra; harSa AMsu bahu heta hRdaya, premakeruM te pAtra. navanIta sarakhuM hade kamaLa, kahyuM na jAye heta; AMkhamAMhe amRta bhariyuM, haribhakita kera kSetra. khAte pIte bolato, dekhato te saghaLe rAma; vaidhyuM mana rahe tehanuM, zIgaLa saMsArI kAma.

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216 "mArottamaH" jema jAre lubadhI yuvatI, tenuM mana rahe prItama pAsa; aharniza rahe AlocatI, bhAI ehavuM mana haridAsa. kahe akho sahu ke zuNe, hari lakSa lAge ciMta; manana jehane mAhAvanuM, te seve hari-gurU-saMtane. ( akhe-gItA) vArtika manuja-AtmAnA UMDAmAM UMDA bhAvo zabdamAM pradarzita karI zakAtA nathI. je cheDeka aMze paNa e kArya siddha karavAnuM sAmarthya manuSyavANumAM hoya te te "krAntadaza' kavinI vANImAM ja che, anyatra (gadyamAM) nathI. mATe uparanA zrImadbhAgavatamAMthI utArelA parama gaMbhIra sUtranuM bhASya kavi- akhAnA-mukhethI ja zravaNa karAvI, e saMbaMdhI keTalAka prAsaMgika vicAra ane vAtikarUpe AraMbhIzuM. je sarva bhUtamAM bhagavata--AtmAne juve che. ane bhagavataAtmAmAM sarva bhUtane juve che, te uttama bhAgavata-eTale bhagavajana- samajavo."--A rItane ApaNe upara batAvele vedAntasiddhAnta che. A siddhAnta itaramatanA siddhAnta karatAM ghaNe darajaje caDhIAto che ema ApaNe mAnIe chIe, ane e mAnavuM yathArtha che. paraMtu jyAM sudhI e upara saMbhavatA keTalAka AkSeponuM samAdhAna na thAya tyAM sudhI ApaNe siddhAnta ja zreSTha che ema mAnI besavuM e satyAnveSaNane ucita na gaNAya. mATe evA keTalAka AkSepane A sthaLe vicAra karavA prApta thAya che. 1 pUrvokta siddhAnta upara eka prazna te e UThe che ke "juve che- zabdavAcya daSTijJAna-mAM ja "bhAgavatatvanI parisamApti karavI e yogya che? samyaga-jJAnane sadAcaraNane sthAne mUkI zakAya kharuM? jJAna ane kriyA e be bhinna zaktio che, ane mAtra jJAnI thaIne viramavuM ane niSkriya rahI kartavya karavAmAM cUkavuM e depa nathI? bhagavajanamAM jJAna uparAMta karmanI AvazyakatA che e satya che. vaLI jJAna( amuka arthamAM)ane kriyA e be bhinna zaktio che e paNa nirvivAda che. manuSya satakarmanuM jJAna meLavyA chatAM paNa asat-pathamAM pravRtta thAya che e sarvavidita che, ane ethI e sucavAya che ke jJAna ane kriyA

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bhAvottamaH" 27 2 o 3 YELU en. 'Video meliora proboque, deteriora sequor', "=I see and approve of the better things, I follow the worse". "The spirit is willing, yet the flesh is weak". "The good that I would I do not : but the evil which I would not, that I do." YAIC vacane paNa jJAna ane kriyA vacce vAraMvAra thatA virodhanI ja sAkSI pUre che. paraMtu A kanI mAphaka je vidvAne jJAnamAM kartavyakaraNanI, "bhAgavata- Adi bhAvanAonI, parisamApti kare che temanuM tAtparya kriyAvirahita jJAna-viSayaka hoya ema lAgatuM nathI. sekreTise jJAna ane sadAcaraNane eka mAnyAM hatAM ema kahevAya che. paNa kharuM jotAM e pratipAdananI matalaba evI haze ke kema e zaMkAspada che. spIjhA--je sokreTisa pachI jJAna ane sadAcaraNanI ekatAha pratipAdana karanAra vidvAnomAM mukhya che-tenA grantha jotAM te A viSayamAM bilakula saMdeha raheto nathI. e jJAnanA adequate" (pUrNa) "inadequate" (apUrNa) ema vibhAga pADe che, ane mAtra vicArAtmaka jJAnane e "apUrNa jJAna kahe che. vedAnta - sadAcaraNane jJAnarUpe upadezavAmAM sekreTisanuM kadAca ema tAtparya hoya ke sadAcaraNamAM bhrAnti thavAnuM mUla ajJAna che ane tethI jJAna saMpAdana thatAM, manuSya svabhAvanI svAbhAvika aduSTatAne laI, athavA sadAcara NamAM ja sukha samAyeluM che ane sarva sukhArthe ja yatna kare che tethI, jJAnamAMthI sadAcaraNa phalita thavAmAM vilaMba thavAno bhaya nathI; athavA te eka bIjo khulAso ema thaI zake ke enA samayamAM keTalAka vidvAna sadAcaraNane aniyata ane yAdacchika mAnatA hatA tema nahi paNa sarva manuSyo te ekarUpe grahaNa karI zake evuM, arthAta jJAnaviSaya, che ema darzAvavAne hetu heya. A sAthe e paNa javAnuM che ke sekreTisane kriyArahita jJAna upadezavAne Azaya nahota, paNa jJAnarahita kriyA asAra che ema pratipAdana karavAne mukhya uddeza hato. $ " The effort to understand is the first and sole basis of virtue."-Spinosa "The knowledge which is divorced from will is not true knowledge, the will that is divorced from knowledge not really will" "Knowledge that is inert or inactive is not 28

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218 mAvitattama" zAstra A be prakAranAM jJAnane pakSa" ane "apakSa evAM vizeSaNathI vyavahere che. jJAna ane kriyAne sarvathA vibhinna na gaNatAM, emane eka caitanyavyApAranA avA-tara bheda mAnavAmAM lAbha e che ke citanyanI zaktio eka ekathI sarvathA asaMbaddha nathI paNa eka ekamAM anusmRta che ane sarvanI AtmAmAM akhaMDatA che e mAnasazAstra (Psychology)nA siddhAnta sAthe saMgati rahe che. jJAna" zabdanA arthamAM kriyAne samAveza karavA sAthe hadayanA bhAva (prema)ne paNa samAveza karavAne che. arthAta, prakRta kamAM "gharathati= juve che'pada vaDe je daSTi vivakSita che temAM mana-hRdaya-ane-kriyAzakitasAdhya jJAna bhakita ane karma traNe AvI jAya che. ane A vyAkhyAnane zrImadbhAgavatanuM mukhya tAtparya vicAratAM puSTi maLe che. A rIte mana, hRdaya ane kriyA traNevaDe bhUtamAtramAM je AtmasvarUpa bhagavAnanuM darzana kare che te ja khare-saMpUrNa arthamAM- bhAgavata eTale bhagavajana che ema uparanA sUtranuM tAtparya che. 2 eka bIjo prazna e thaze ke je bhUtamAtra bhagavasvarUpa che te duSTa prati anAdara ane tiraskArane avakAza kyAM rahyo ? A zaMkAnuM samAdhAna sahaja che. vedAntamatamAM bhagavata-sAkSAtkAra zivAya anya sarva bhAva aniSTa che e kharuM, paraMtu bhAgavatanI sarvamayatAne lIdhe ene sAkSAtkAra vizvanA pratyeka padArthamAM thavo joIe, ane tethI duSTa prati tiraskAramAM paNa e sAkSAtkAra thaI zake e spaSTa che. duSTa prati tiraskAramAM bhagavatasAkSAtkAra upadezavAne hetu evo che ke ukta tiraskAra kevala tiraskAra rUpe vedAntane aniSTa che, paraMtu e ja bhagavata-sAkSAtkArarUpe ISTa che. A rIte vedAnta,amuka kriyA kavacita ISTa che ane kavacita aniSTa che ema aniyama real knowledge, it does not consist of adequate, but only of confused and imperfect ideas. When we see the right without willing it, our seeing is not the same seeing with that of the mind which both sees and wills" --Dr. J. Caird's "Spinoza." ( kartavyanuM darzana thayAM chatAM te tarapha pravRtti thatI nathI te darzana, ane kartavyanuM darzana thaI te sAthe kartavya tarapha pravRtti thAya che te darzana-e be eka nathI.)

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mAnavatattamaH" 219 - Tv " na rAkhatAM, amuka svarUpe e iSTa che ane amuka svarUpe e aniSTa che ema aMtaragata tAvika niyamanuM pratipAdana kare che. vaLI anne samajavAnI eka bIjI bAbata e che ke hRdayanA aniSTa bhAvomAM bhagavata-sAkSAtkAranuM mAtra Are paNa karavAthI e ISTa bane che ema vedAntanuM mAnavuM nathIH athata ukta sAkSAtkAranI buddhi rAkhI game te pApa karavAmAM Ave te apApa thaI jAya che ema nathI. paramAtmA satyasvarUpa hovAthI AvuM asatya AropaNa bhagavata -sAkSAsvarUpa hoI zakatuM ja nathI. paNa tiraskAra je sthUladaSTayA hamezAM malina bhAva bhAse che temAM yogyatAdi kAraNane laI jyAre avazyakartavyatA samajAya che, tyAre ja emAM bhagavata-sAkSAtkArane prasaMga Ave che; ane e prasaMge emAM sadoSatA nathI. A rIte vicArI jotAM samajAze ke vedAnatamatamAM tiraskArAdi vRttine avakAza che ane nathI-bhagavadarzanarUpe ' che, tiraskArarUpe nathI. 3 ApaNe anekavAra joI gayA chIe ke jIva sarva jIvarUpe eka che ema vedAntanu kadApi kahevuM nathI, kintu sarva jIvanI paramAtmAmAM ekatA che eTaluM ja kahevuM che. tathApi e vAtanuM vismaraNa karI advaitasiddhAntane game tema kalpI enA upara AkSepa karavAmAM Ave che. amArU ema kahevuM nathI ke e AkSepa karanArAone vedAntanu A rahasya ajJAta che; ajJAta nahi ja heya, ane na ja hovuM joIe. paNa e AkSepanI tarkapaddhatimAM te upara batAvelAM be vicAranAM svarUpa vacce viveka thatuM nathI ja. Avo eka AkSepa hamaNAM-gayA "jJAnasudhA' patranA aMkamAM- kartavyabuddhi" e nAmanA lekhamAM jovAmAM Avyo che. tyAM eka lekhaka lakhe che ke - sva ane para-pote ane bIjA-e judA hoya tyAre ja pArakA arthe svArthatyAgane saMbhava rahe che. sva ane paranA abhedajJAnamAM-sva ane parane eka abhinna mAnavAmAM-svArthatyAga che e mata bhramita che. pArakAne pitAnA sarakhA gaNavA, pArakAne pitAnA sarakhA sukha tathA mAnane pAtra mAnavA, ane te mATe temane sAru svArthane tyAga karavo e kartavya che paNa e abheda nathI. para-pAra-che ja nahi, sva je che te sivAya bIju kaMI che ja nahiM, e abheda hoya che tyAga saMbhave ja nahi. keNa zAne tyAga kare ? keNa kene mATe tyAga kare ? bheda hoya to ja tyAga haiya, to ja tyAganI kismata hoya. pitAnuM je hoya, pitAne je sukhakara hoya te bIjA mATe mUkI devuM, eTale pitAnuM sukha ochu karI bIjAnA sukhanI vidhi ET

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220 "mAnavottamaH" karavI emAM udAratA che. e udAratA abhedajJAnamAM-sva te ja vAstavika rIte para che, potAnI pAsethI jaI bIjAne maLe ema banI zake e bheda ja nathI evA jJAnamAM-haI zakatI nathI. e abhedajJAna te svArthatyAga nathI, tema ja e abhedajJAnathI svArthatyAganI vRttine uttejana maLatuM nathI." atre mAnI lIdhuM che evo advaitasiddhAnta kayA pratiSThita vedAntagranthamAM jovAmAM Avyo? tata-ta-vyaktirUpe citanyane bheda vedAntane agrAhya che? eka vyaktie bIjI vyaktinA sukha mATe pitAnA sukhano tyAga karavo e vAtane tatata-vyakitanI pAchaLa ekatAnuM tattva svIkAravAthI zo bAdha Ave che? bAdha AvatuM nathI eTaluM ja nahi, paNuM kartavyabhAvanA pariniSpanna thavA mATe evuM tattva svIkAravAnI jarUra che e viSe gayA mArca mAsanA aMkamAM thoDIka carcA ame karI gayA chIe. ane e upara yogya AkSepa thaze to te vicAravA ane e AkSepamAM satya lAgaze te te svIkAravA paNa ame taiyAra chIe. hAlamAM te A sthaLe eTaluM ja smaraNa karAvavuM basa thaze ke atavedAntamAM AkSepakAre mAnI lIdhuM che tevA arthamAM sva ane para eka padArtha nathI, paNa emanA bhAsamAna bhedamAM tattvadaSTie jotAM je abhedanuM tattva raheluM che e ja chuTa karI ApavAne ene yatna che. have A yatna svArthatyAgane zI rIte vireAdhI thaI paDe che e samajAtuM nathI. svArthanusaraNa jeTale aMze abhedAnubhavamAM virodhI che teTale aMze enI aniSTatA abhedavAdamAM siddha che e viSe te koI zaMkA karI zake ema che ja nahi. svArthatyAgapurasara parArtha mATe pravRtta thavuM e abhedavAdamAM zI rIte ghaTI zake che e judo prazna che. e saMbaMdhe jJAnasudhA kahe che ke abheda hoya te tyAga saMbhave ja nahi. keNa zAno tyAga kare ? keNa kene mATe tyAga kare -ItyAdi. paNa A praznano uttara ke abhedabuddhi hoya tyAM tyAgabuddhi saMbhave nahi ema atre vivikSata hoya te vedAntane ISTApati che. kartavya karavAmAM tyAgabuddhi-huM tyAga karuM chuM evuM bhAna-ja joIe ema kAMI nathI. e lekhaka pote ja AgaLa jatAM lakhe che ke "IzvaraprItyarthe ja manuSya kartavyaparAyaNa thAya che." have tyAM ame eTaluM ja puchIzuM ke amuka kartavya tyAgabuddhivaDe na karatAM Izvarane e priya che evI buddhithI ja karavAmAM Ave to e lekhakanA matamAM kartavya karyuM gaNuya ke kema ? amAruM te evuM mAnavuM che ke tyAgabuddhithI ja kartavya thavuM joIe ema nathI. atyanta + juo A pustakanAM pRDha 113 thI 115.

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"mAvatattamaH" 221 unata cAritravALA puruSone te pite svArtha tyAga kare che evI buddhi rahetI ja nathI, kita svArthatyAga karIne ja e kRtyamAM ene AtmA abhAbhiMthI ullAse che. vaLI, tyAgabuddhimAM ja e kartavyanuM tattva samAeluM hoya to svA prati kaI paNa prakAranuM kartavya saMbhave ja nahi. kevala svArthamAM ke kevala parArthamAM kartavya raheluM nathI e suprasiddha vAta che. te pachI parArthe ja- sarvArthe nahi paNa parArthe ja-pravRtti thavI joIe evo Agraha karavAne kAMI kAraNa jaNAtuM nathI. mATe tyAgabuddhi nahi paNa unnata prayANa ke evuM ja bIjuM kaIka zAstrIya tatva kartavyabhAvanAnuM sArabhUta rahasya mAnavuM gya che. A tattvane virodhI svArtha te ja aniSTa svArtha che. jyAM abheda hoya tyAM tyAga saMbhave nahi ema vivakSita hoya te e kahevuM khoTuM che. kAraNa ke je arthamAM svArtha aniSTa che e arthamAM svArthane tyAga thavA atadAnamAM avakAza che ja. ane pakSI abhedane apakSa karI Apa e enuM prayojana che. svathI para bIjuM kAMI che ja nahi ema jyAre vedAnta kahe che tyAre "sva" zabdane artha "svArtha zabdaaMgabhUta "rava-zabdanA arthathI jude ja che. A be sva-zabda vacce eka pAzcAtya vidvAne batAvyuM che tema, "Self" (heTA vALA) ane "self" (nhAnA s vALA) vacce jeTalo bheda che teTalo bheda che. arthAta svathI para bIjuM kAMI che ja nahi ema jyAM kahevAmAM Ave che tyAM sva zabdano artha bhUtamAtrane 4 (AtmA) e paramAtmA che; ane svArthazabdaaMgabhUta svazabdano artha ahaMkArAspada rAgadveSAdyavacchinna baddha caitanya eTale jIvAtmA che. vedAnta je AtmAnanda upadeze che te svArtha, ke pratyeka sArAM khoTAM sarva kRtyamAM te AtmAnanda, nathI; paNa AtmAnuM je vizuddha kharuM paramAbhabhUta svarUpa te svarUpano anubhava thatAM je Ananda thAya che te che, A Ananda parArtha-virodhI nathI, kiMtu parArtha-upapAdaka che.* . There is an obvious distinction between selfishness and self-realisation, between unselfishness and self-extinction Moral disinterestedness does not mean, even at the highest, the cessation of self-consciousness or self-satisfaction...... Even in self-sacrifice for another there is present a reference to sell,

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bhAgavatottamaH ' paranA AtmAne peAtAne AtmA samajI laI tyAga karavAthI kartavyaAcaraNamAM zI hine Ave che e amArAthI kalpI zakAtuM nathI. atre parArthe svArthanuM svarUpa dhAraNa kare che ema, svazabdanuM uparanuM vivecana dhyAnamAM lIdhA pachI kahI zakAze nahi. kAraNa ke vedAnta jyAre parArthane svArtharUpe nirUpaNa kare che tyAre ene Azaya Universal Benevolence (svArthavRtti)ne "Enlightened Self-interest" (DAhI svArthavRtti)mAM pavasAna pamADavAne nathI. parArthanuM svArtharUpe nirUpaNu veTTAntamAM judA ja tAtparyaMnuM che. sva ane paranA artha pariNAmamAM svArtha ja che ema vedAntanuM kahevuM heta, te jJAnasudhAe batAveluM dUSaNa lAgU paData. paNa sva ane para bhayanuM, e baMnethI pAra ane aMtamAM rahelA bhagava-rUpI tattva sAthe, tAdAtmya che, ane e tattva sarvanuM Atma(sva)bhUta tattva che ema sva ane paranI ekatA pratipAdana karavAmAM vedAntanuM tAtparya raheluM che. Ama vicAratAM spaSTa ja che ke sarvanuM AtmabhUta je adraya paramAtmatattva che tenA sAkSAtkAra svAthaeNtyAgamAM thaI zake che ane tethI svArthatyAgane advaitavedAntamAM avakAza sArI rIte rahe che. OU sara "" $ "1 vaLI svArthatyAga karI kartavya-karaNamAM AnaMdavuM e e lekhaka iSTa gaNe che. e vAtanI upapatti paNa paranA AtmA ne svanA AtmA sAthe eka karyo zivAya thaI zakatI nathI. svArthatyAgamAM AtmatASa thatA na hoya te svArthaMtyAgathI Ananda kaeNma Ave ? paranA AnaMdathI potAnA AtmAne Ananda kyAre thAya? jyAre peAtAne ane pArakAnA AtmA eka abhinna anubhavAya tyAre. 'abhinna anubhavAya eTale tattvataH abhinna anubhavAya ema arthe che. A tAttvika abheda ApaNA jJAna nIti Adi sarve vyavahAranA mUlamAM pratiSThita che. A abheda vinA padArtha padArthanI sAthe sabandha na dharAvI zake; ane jaDacidAtmaka sarva jagat vizIbhuM thaI jAya. padArthane eka ekathI sarvathA bhinna mAnI emanI vacce saMbaMdha mAnavA e ayukata che; kemake padArtha bhinna hAI pachI saMbandha thatA nathI, paNa svabhAvathI ja saMmadda che ane ApaNe kevala ApaNI bedamayI kalpanA (abstraction) vaDe ja emane vikhUTA pADI bhinna mAnIe chIe. vastutaH teemAM bheda nathI. A vAta veDhDhAnta bhedamAM abheda an idea of an object to be attained in which the agent seeks self-satisfaction, Without such reference even the purest selfLernial is a conception that swines at the air ?'~Dr. J. Carid,

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"mAyAvatottama 223 - - rUpe-eTale vyAvahArika bhedanI pAchaLa pAramArthika abhedarUpe-pratipAdana kare che. - jJAnasudhA kahe che ke "e abhedajJAnathI svArthatyAganI vRttine uttejana maLatuM nathI." amane to lAge che ke je vakhate A vAkya lakhAyuM te vakhate AthI taravajJAnanI bIjI keTalIka paribhASA upara paNa ke vRthA prahAra thAya che e vAta taddana bhUlAI gaI che. gayA jJAnasudhAmAM "AtmaghAta" ane "AtmapaSaNa" e nAme be uttama viSayo AvyA che, jenI paribhASAmAM svArthatyAga e "AtmapaSaNa"mAM ane svArthInusaraNa e "AtmaghAtamAM Ave che. A sthaLe "Atma" zabdanA prayogathI svArthatyAganI vRttine uttejana maLavAmAM kAMI bAdha Ave che ? "Higher self" ane Lower self" "athavA "True self" ane "False self" athavA "Rational self" ane "Irrational self" ema vibhAga 41541 4 Higher, True, Rational self al om la (4291771 viSaya) te svArtha, ane Lower, False, Irrational selfne je artha (IcchAne viSaya) te svArtha;-e be judA ja pratIta thAya che. vaLI bIjuM-A lekhakanI tarkasaraNie caDhIe te to paramAM Atmabuddhi rAkhI parArthaparAyaNa thavAmAM deSa che eTaluM ja nahi, paNa paramAM bhrAtRbhAva rAkhI parArthe pravartavuM e paNa khoTuM ja che. paramAM parabhAva-balake duzmanabhAva rAkhIne enuM kalyANa karavA pravRtta thavAya te ja kartavya karyuM gaNAya ! kemake bhrAtRbhAva paNa kAMIke. te svalakSI che ja. ame nathI dhAratA ke jJAnasudhAnA vidvAna lekhaka ATale sudhI paNa javA khuzI heAya. tyAre atre darzAvelA emanA ane ApaNuM mata vacce je bheda che te kharuM jotAM svArtha ane parArthanA virodhathI nahi paNa sarvArtha ane parArthanA bhedathI mapAya che ema kahI zakAze ane jJAnasudhAne prakRta viSayamAM sarva zrama "sva" zabdanA be judA judA artha vacce viveka na karavAmAMthI udaya pAme che e AthI spaSTa che. che ATale HegelnA "Unity-in-difference" (bhedamAM abheda)nA siddhAnta upara amAre sudhAro; ane e sudhArAnuM samarthana joItuM hoya te mAtra eka ja prazna ke -"Differencein-Unity(abhedamAM bheda) na kahetAM "Unity-in-difference" (bhedamAM abheda) zabda ja sarvatra vApare che enuM zuM kAraNa?

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224. "mAnavottamaH" A pramANe ApaNuM sUtrArtha uparanA traNa AkSepane parihAra thatAM nIcenA siddhAnto abAdha sthApita thAya che - 1. daSTi-eTale jJAna-zabdanA arthamAM jJAna karma ane bhakti traNene samAveza karavAnuM che. 2. tiraskAra-hananAdi kriyA, je sAdhAraNa rIte jotAM pAparUpa che, temAM paNa kartavyabuddhi prApta thatAM bhagavatasAkSAtkAra thAya che. 3. svArthatyAgamAM abhedAnubhava thaI zake che, ane tethI kartavyaparAyaNa thavuM e pUrvokta sUtramAM nirdezelA "tAramati" Adi mahAvAkyarthanA anubhavane virodhI nathI, vui anurodhI che. vAMcanArane sahaja lakSamAM AvI gayuM haze ke A traNa siddhAnta e ja zrImad bhagavadgItAnA upadezane paNa mukhya sAra che. ane enuM spaSTIkaraNa karavA mATe ja A vArtikamAM amuka traNa AkSepone ja vicAra karavA yatna karyo che. sudarzana, me I. sa. 1899

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Atmanivedana 225 Atmanivena (eka vyAkhyAna) paramAtmA manuSya karatAM anantaguNa adhika che, ane enA mahimAno eka aNumAtra aMza paNa manuSya potAnI kalpanAmAM saMpUrNa rIte laI zake ema nathI; mATe mAtra enuM astitva svIkArI enA svarUpanI ayatAthI uddabhavatA AzcaryamAM virAmavuM, " Azcaryavat pazyati kadhidenam Azcaryavat vadati tathaiva cAnyaH / Azcaryavat cainamanyaH zRNoti zuvAna vera ziva zcita che"* -ema uddagAra karI enI AzcaryazAlI bhavyatAnAM nididhyAsanamAM ja niratara vasavuM, e eka pakSa che. bIjo pakSa enI bhavyatAne badale enA madhura saundarya upara, tema ja evI ayatAne badale enA pratyakSa prema upara, hRdaya sthApI enI sAthe prema joDa e che. prathama pakSa eka prakAranA jJAnamArgane ane bIjo bhaktimArgane che. A ubhaya aMzane virodha TALI ubhayane hRdayamAM avakAza Apavo e paramAtma-abhimukha hRdayanI uccamAM ucca,-lagabhaga aprApya jevI-sthiti che; ane A be aMzamAMthI ekane prAdhAnya maLI javuM e manuSyahRdayanuM svAbhAvika valaNa che. paraMtu A baMne aMza svIkAryA chatAM darekamAM manda rahevuM te karatAM te A bemAMthI game te eka mArge barAbara caDhI javAthI paramAtmAnA svarUpano vadhAre sAre anubhava thaI Ave che. Ave, ekadezI paNa atyaMta tIvra ane utkaTa sAdhananA parizIlanathI utpanna thaela, eka anubhava nIcenA padyamAM che, jene ame " Atmanivedana" evuM nAma ApIzuM - (kamata-fNo). 4 34 to jorA rAma , sUvA ja ( 2 ) kama. . . 2 . ra2. X H771ac: Lord, if I have only Thee, there is none 195 heaven or earth that I desire beside Thee. Mfy flesh and my heart failth; but the God is the strength of 118 heart, and many portion for ever." Psalms

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226 Atmanivedana mAtA choDe pitA choDe, choDe sagA soI; sAdhusaMga beTha beTha, lokalAja khoI. aba to01 saMta dekhi doDa AI, jagata dekhi roI; premaAMsu DAra DAra amaravela boI. 'aba to0 2 mAragameM tAraNa mile, saMta rAma doI saMta sadA ziza upara, rAma hRdaya hoI. aba to03 aMtameMse taMta kADhayo, piche rahI soI rANe melyA bikhakA pyAlA, pIne masta hoI. aba to04 aba to bAta phela gai, jANe saba koI; dAsa mIrAM lAla giradhara, honItI so hoI. aba to0 5 A padya eka suprasiddha mevADanI abalAnuM-mIrAMbAInuM--che e chellI paMktithI vAcakane jaNAyuM haze ja. e sAdhvInuM svAbhAvika "abalApaNuM mAtra enI paramAtmapremIjanya vivazatAmAM ja, ane enuM mevADa-ucita virapaNuM premamAM vidghabhUta saMsArabeDIne eka sUtaranA tAMtaNa mAphaka toDI kI devAmAM prakAze che. A "abalA'tva ane A vIratva-A prema ane A vairAgya-ubhayanuM yathArthe citra A paMktio ja svayaM uttama rIte AlekhI zake che; eTale vAcakanA hRdayamAM e upasthita karI ApavA vadhAre zrama levAnI jarUra jaNAtI nathI. vaLI, je hadayamAM A rasanI jhINI jhINI paNa Urmio, keIka koIka kALe paNa, vahetI haze tene atre uchaLatA rasataraMge AdarathI svIkAravAmAM vilaMba thavAnuM nathI. ane e bhAva jene tadana ajJAta che tene kATi dalIlo paNa nakAmI che-e jotAM paNa A siddhAntanI puSTi mATe bahu yatna karavAnuM kAraNa rahetuM nathI. tathApi A mizra rasanA pravAhanI DIka avAntara rasalaharInuM kAMIka pRthaka pRthapha avalokana karavA yatna thAya te te asthAne nahi gaNAya. vairAgya ane dayA 1 paramAtma-prApti mATe sauthI paheluM ane Avazyaka pagathiyuM vairAgya che. jagatanA vyavahAra tarapha kAMI paNa aruci utpanna thayA vinA manuSya paramAtmAbhimukha thaI zakato nathI; ane je ke pariNAme jagatamAM paNa jJAnIne : paramAtmana ja thAya che tathApi AraMbhamAM jagata upara jagatarUpe tyAjya

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Atmanivedana 227 buddhi thavI jarUranI che. jyAre jagata enA mAyika rUpe sarvathA maTI jAya che tyAre kAMI paNa tyajavAnuM rahetuM nathI, te paNa jagatarUpe (mAyikarUpe) jagata uparathI mamatA dUra karavAno prathama prayatna karyA vinA e chevaTanI dazA prApta karavI azakya che. jyAM sudhI AtmAne ahaMtA mamatAnI zRMkhalAo niyandrita karI rAkhe che tyAM sudhI ene evI svAbhAvika vizAlatA anubhavamAM AvatI nathI. e anubhava tyAre ja thAya che ke jyAre ene ema samajAya che ke - A deha te huM nathI, A mAtA pitA te mahArAM nathI, kAraNa ananta kAlamahedadhimAM pAMca pacAsa ke so varSa e eka kSaNabindu-mAtra ja che, ane eTalA parimita kAla sudhI pratIta thatI vastuomAM anAghanata A AtmAne ze rasa hoI zake? evA mahAna padArthanA rasanuM sthAna kaI mahAna padArtha ja hovo joIe; ane e padArtha te paramAtmA vinA anya keI nathI; enAmAM ja A AtmAne kharo Azraya che, e ja enuM parama prayojana-rasanuM sthAna-che, ane tethI ja bhaktajana vAraMvAra uccAre che ke"God is our home." "(paramAtmA e ApaNu ghara che)", "ger hi me vimanyavaH patanti vasya iSTaye vayo na vasatIrUpa+ (bha pakSIo mALA tarapha pAchAM phare che tema ja, teTalA ja AnaMdathI ane teTalA ja bhAvathI, mahArI vRttio paramAtmA tarapha vaLe che.) AvI AtmAnI unnata dazA prApta thatAM mIrA kahe che - " mAtA choDe pitA choDe choDe sagA soI / aba to merA rAmanAma dUsarA na koI // " paraMtu Ama saMsAra choDavAnI vAta sAbhaLI, khAsa karIne lokamukhavAdanA vartamAna samayamAM, ghaNukane krodha Avaze. jagatamAM rahIne paNa paramAtmaciMtana thaI zake che, kartavya karma karavA ja joIe, pravRttimAM ja kharI nivRti che, saMnyAsa enA kharA svarUpamAM saMnyAsa (tyAga) nathI paNa karmanA phalane saMnyAsa che, "saMsAramA sarase rahe ane mane mArI pAsa" -ityAdi aneka ukitao, bahudhA zrIbhagavadgItAne AdhAre, vAraMvAra thatI ApaNe sAMbhaLIe chIe ane e ukitaomA bezaka ghaNu satya raheluM che. vedAntasiddhAnta pramANe paNa "brAhI sthiti" jJAnAtmaka che, karmAtmaka nathI arthAta emAM kAMI karIne ke na karIne prApta karavAnuM nathI paNa je che te ja - vAditA.

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228 Atmanivedana amuka svarUpe yathArtha samajavAnuM che. paNa e satyane evI gya maryAdAnI bahAra kheMcI jaI mIrAMnA jevA tyAgane paNa nidavAmAM Ave, tyAre te eTaluM kahevuM ja paDe ke hAlanA samayamAM te ghaNe bhAge A vicAre saMsAranI lupatA (worldliness)mAMthI ja utpanna thaI zrIbhagavaddagItAnA dekhItA Azaya nIce samarthana pAme che. vastutaH te dharmabhAvanAmAM vairAgya eka Avazyaka aMza che, ane yadyapi mahAna hada jagatamAM vicaratAM chatAM paNa araNyasama ekAntavAsa anubhavI zake che, tathApi e vastu te virala, hada mATe ja, asaMkhya janmanA vairAgyamaya saMskArane pariNAme ja, kharI che. mIrAM jevAM utkaTa paramAtma-premavALAM hRdayo saMsAra tyajI ihalokamAM ja paramAtmalokane ApaNane anubhava karAvI zake che, ane evA tArAo pRthvIthI asaMkhya pejano dUra hAI ne paNa ApaNI saMsArasamudranI hAnI nahAnI jIvana-naukAone emanA uddezya sthAna tarapha dere che. dharmabhAvanAmAM tyAganuM kevuM mAhAmya che e samajavA akabare udbhavelA dharmane daSTAnta sAruM che. e dharmamAM eka pleTI khAmI vairAgyanI hatI, ane enI niSphaLatAnu e eka mukhya kAraNa hatuM ema sahaja kalpanA thAya che. bIjuM, jagatanA maheoTA moTA dharmadhuraMdharenAM jIvana paNa zuM tyAgamaya nahetAM? krAIsTa buddha zaMkara Adi mahAtmAoe jagatamAM je prabaLa dhArmika preraNuM utpanna karI che te teo saMsAramAM rahIne kadI paNa karI zakata? vicAramAM amuka rIte A zakya jaNAya che kharU paNa vAstavika rIte to ApaNane-jagatanA pAmara jIne, saMsArakITena-saMsAratyAganA uddAma daSTAnta vinA dhArmika bhAvanA tarapha pravartavuM azakya che. A tyAga ghaNu vAra aniSTa paNa bane che, paNa te be traNa rIte ja eka che, AkhuM janamaMDaLa saMsAra tyajavA taiyAra thaI jAya te; paNuM mAyAnuM baLa jotAM A bhaya rAkhavAnuM kAMI kAraNa che ? bIjuM, pitAnA hadayanuM kharuM dhArmika baLa lakSamAM lIdhA vagara-arthAta egya adhikAra prApta kayAM vinA-tema karavAmAM Ave tevuM tathA trIjuM, (ane A mukhya doSa che), saMsAranA kaMTALAmAMthI-arthAt eka prakAranI AtmAnI nirbaLatAmAMthI A udabhave te ja. mIrAne vairAgya ananyasAdhAraNa hato, ene e mATe adhikAra enA daDha nizcaya thakI ane pariNAmanA vijaya thakI siddha che, tathA e vairAgya zuSka sasAranA kaMTALAmAMthI nahi paNa paramAtmA pratyenA premathI utpanna thayo hato e viSa to zaMkAne avakAza ja nathI, jagatathI virakta thaI vasanAra manuSya jagata tarapha ghaNuM vAra kaThora daSTie juve che. paNa mIrAMnA vairAgyamAM to paramAtmAnA premane rasa sIcAe rAgya visanAra manuSya

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' Atmanivedana hovAthI emAM naramAza AvI hatI, enuM hradaya atyanta kAmala heAI jagat prati dayAthI ubharAtuM hatuM. paNa A dayA alaukika prakAranI hatI; e jaganAM vyAvahArika duHkhe| mATe nahi, paNa pAramArthika duHkhA mATe hatI, jaganAM vyAvahArika duHkhA upara ApaNA vartamAna samayanA parApakArI puruSanuM bahu dhyAna rahe che, ane te rahevuM ja joie, paNa enAM pAramArthika duHkhA e karatAM paNa adhika trAsadAyaka che e bhUlavuM joItuM nathI. mAtra suna hAvAthI sthUla dRSTine e saheja pratIta thatA nathI; paNa teTalA mATe ja te vadhAre bhayakara che. * je paramAtmaprema mhArUM haya anubhave che te samasta jagat krama na anubhave ? 'evI utkaMThA vizALa ane parApakArI hradayane thayA vinA rahetI nathI. ane evI utkaMThAthI prerAine ja mIrAM~ " "" 29 r M jagata dekhi roI. AvI anuka'pAvRtti bahu virala haiAya che; buddhane thaI hatI, krAisTane thaI hatI, mIrAMne thaI. paNa mudde ane krAisTe e dayAthI prerAI jagatane udhAra karavAnA mArgo racyA, praNAlikAe pADI. A akhalA, emAMnuM kAMI paNa na karatAM, mAtra dRSTAntarUpa thaI UbhI. paNa e thADuM che? mIrAM jevI paramAtmapremanI sa-rasa mUrti jagamAM maLavI bahu ja kaThina che, ane evAM dRSTAntA mAtra jagat AgaLa upasthita rahIne paNu atyanta upakAra karI zake che. atre amuka sarvasAmAnya daDha niyamane vaLagI rahenAra prAkRta hRdaya AkSepa karaze ke--je strIe patisevA na karI tenA dAkhalAthI jagatane keTaluM nukazAna ! A AkSepanA uttara ke kharA paramAtmapremanA vegamAM patinI upekSA paNa kSantavya che. jema kSudra kAvyakaMkaranA niyamA alaukika pratibhAvALAM kAvyaratnAne lAgu paDatA nathI, tema prAkRta manuSyagADarAMnA niyame alaukika parAkramavALA puruSasiMhAne niyatrI zakatA nathI. tAtparya ke--sAmAnya niyamane bhaga manuSya pAtAnI javAbadArI sAthe kare che, vijaya meLave te e bhaga kSantavya che, ane bhraSTa thAya teA e peAtAnA adhikAra na samajyA teTalA mATe sadoSa Thare che; ane A vyavasthA yeAgya ane nyAyya che. A rIte tapAsatAM, mIrAMe je sAhasa karyuM e doSarUpa nathI, paNa enI kIrtine amara karanAra tathA jagatane unnata bhAvanA taraph dAranAra eka ucca parAkrama rUpa che--ema saheja nizcaya thaze bhakti--jJAna--amRtatva 2 ApaNe AgaLa joI gayA ke mIrAMnA vairAgyanA mULa kAMI saMsAra uparanA sudra kaDhALAmAM na hatAM, paNa paramAtmA pratyenA eka divya premamAM

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230 Atmanivedana hatAM. A paramAtmapremanAM anekAneka svarUpe saMbhave che. keTalAka ene pitA rUpe, keTalAka mAtArUpe, keTalAka bAlakarUpe, keTalAka priyArUpe, te keTalAka patirUpe paNa ene bhaje che, arthAta, pitAne karI mAne che, ane enI sAthe prema joDI Akhare tanmayatA sAthe che. A premanAM yadyapi AvAM laukika premane maLatAM svarUpa baMdhAya che, tathApi e sarvamAM te te laukika premanAM svarUpathI kAMIka anupama vilakSaNatA rahe che, ane tema thavAnuM kAraNa paramAbhAnI "para"tA-hareka prakAranA laukika bhAvathI atIta hovuM--e che. paraMtu manuSya sarvathA e "para"tA eTale viduratA sahana karI zakato nathI, ane vastutaH e kevaLa vidUra che paNa nahi, eTale e vidUratA TALavA je je yatna thAya che te te yathArtha vastusthitine anusarIne ja thAya che. pitAnA hadayane priyamAM priya evI vastunuM rUpaka ApI paramAtmAne bhajavAmAM manu dhyane yatna kAMI ene eka saMkucita pradezamAM lAvI saMkaDAvI nAkhavAno ke ene sthUlavata lekhavAne nathI, paNa hRdayanI samakSa dharI ene uccamAM ucca caitanyaghana premanA sthAna tarIke pUjavAne ane anubhavavAne che. ane A rIte e enA hRdayanI vastusthitine anusaratI eka AvazyaktA pUrI pADe che. gopikAone kRNa prati prema te manuSya-AtmAnI A dhArmika rasamaya avasthAnuM dRSTAnta che. nArade A bhakitanuM " gharama " evuM * "Hence the Soul's devotion to the Deity is pictured by Radha's self-abandonment to her beloved Krishna, and all the hot blood of Oriental passion is encouraged to pour forth one mighty flood of praise and prayer to the Infinite Creator, who waits with loving, out-stretched arms to receive the worshipper into his bosom, and to convey bim safely to eternal rest across the seemingly shoreless Ocean of Existence. Yet I am persuaded that no indecent thought entered their minds when they wrote these burning words; and to those who would protest, as I have often heard the protest made, against using the images of the lupunar in dealing with the most sacred mysteries of the Soul, I can only answer : Wer den Dichter will verstehen DIuss in Dichters Lande gehen;" dlr. Grierson, the author of "The Literature of Hindustan," in luis "Intruduchun tu the Satsaiya" of Biharilal.

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Atmanivedana 231 lakSaNa+'ApI enuM svarUpa ThIka samajAvyuM cheH "tapatAvijhAvAtA tamira jAti " arthAta paramAtmAmAM akhila karmanuM arpaNa karavuM, ane enA kSaNamAtra vismaraNamAM paNa atyanta vyAkulatA anubhavavI, enuM nAma prema nA bhakti, AvA alaukika premarasathI bharapUra thaelI mIrAM kahe che - je-sAsu rahAra 3mAvesTa vo." . arthAta-he to prema AMsuDAM DhALI DhALIne amaravela vAvI che !" A "amaravela" te e ja "3mRtava" ke je mATe bhaktimUrti mIrAMne maLatI jJAnamUrti maitreyIe yAjJavakyane kahyuM hatuM--"nA nAmRtArA tene vi : mahAre to amRtatva joIe. je vitta thakI amRtatvanI AzA nathI to e vitta laIne huM zuM karuM? prema-paramAtmaprema--e ja "amRtatva" nuM sAdhana che; kemake e premamAM ja AtmAne svasvarUpane sAkSAtkAra thAya che, ane svasvarUpane sAkSAtkAra e ja "amRtatva che. amRtatva kAMI svargamAM-eTale koI anya sthAnamAM--meLavI zakAya evo padArtha nathI. tema ene ema paNa artha nathI ke A prakRtine thaelo deha te nitya niraMtara kAyama rahe e banAvI zakAya. vaLI kAMI Aja paryata maraNazIla hAI AjathI eTale amuka samayathI ene maraNarahita karI zakAya ema paNa nathI. amRtatva e AtmAne nityasiddha svabhAva che, ane e svabhAvane jANo, sAkSAta anubhavaviSaya karavo-enuM nAma ja amRtatva saMpAdana karavuM ema che. arthAt, "amRta" jJAnalabhya che, kriyAlabhya nathI; ane te AtmA saMbadhe che, deha saMbadhe nathI. AtmAnuM A amRtatva siddha karavA aneka philasuphee aneka yatna karyA che. keTalAke ema batAvyuM che ke jaDane vinAzadharma cetanamAM ghaTI zakato nathI; keTalAka kahe che ke pApa puNya rU5 nIti vyavasthA enA badalA vinA saMbhavatI nathI, ane e badalo AtmAnA amRtatva vinA saMbhava nathI; keTalAka kahe che ke nItinI bhAvanA koI paNa kALe saMpUrNa siddha karI zakAtI nathI mATe AtmAnI nItisaMbandhI abhivRddhi mATe ananta kALane avakAza joIe; ane keTalAka ema batAve che ke AtmArUpI nitya pramAtAne abhAve jagata zunya thaI jAya. A vividha dalIlamAM keTaluM keTaluM satya raheluM che e nirNata karavA jatAM bahu vistAra +ju nAradabhaktisUtra: "sA(mArikana parama9mA " samRtaaRpa 2,"

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232 Atmanivedana thaI jAya ane prakRta viSayanI carcAmAM asamatA Ave, mATe atre eTaluM ja yAda rAkhavuM basa thaze ke ApaNe je "amRtatva" anubhavavAnuM che te AtmAnI amuka cAlu sthitirUpa nathI--arthAta, pUrve kahyuM tema dezika ke kAlika amRtatva e kharuM "amRtatva nathI. evuM amRtatva te AtmAne tRptine badale mAtra kaMTALo ja Ape. koTi varSa paryA, atre ke uttamamAM uttama svargabhUmimAM rahIne paNa zuM karavuM? viSayatAnA pradezathI AtmAnuM para hovuM e ja enuM kharuM "amRtatva che. e ja AtmAnuM, eTale prameyanuM nahi paNa pramAtAnuM, amRtatva che, ane e pramAtAnuM amRtatva che mATe ja e viSayatAnA pradezathI atIta hAI kriyA sAdhya nathI paNa jJAnasAdhya che. A jJAna kema saMpAdana thAya ? tarka te bahumAM bahu AtmA amRta che eTaluM sUcavIne viramaze. paNa e amRtatvane sAkSAta anubhava zI rIte thaI zakaze? jJAnathI ke bhaktithI? premalakSaNA bhakti te ja "jJAna" ane apakSa jJAna te ja "bhakti" e siddhAnta have suprasiddha thaI gayuM che; tathApi ubhayanI ekatA kevI rIte che e jarA joIe. bhaktinAM be mukhya ane Avazyaka aMga che. prema ane zraddhA premanuM kAMIka svarUpa "buddhi ane hRdaya" nAmanA jUna mAsanA lekhamAM, temaja A lekhamAM upara ApaNe joI gayA; ane zraddhA viSe paNa "zraddhA ane zaMkA" e nAmanA nhAnA lekhamAM kevala digdarzanamAtra avalokana thaI gayuM. A sthaLe eTaluM ja kahevAnuM che ke zraddhAe karI AtmA bhayazaMkA AdidaSamukta thAya che, premathI enAmAM citanyane vikAsa thaI AnandanuM bhAna thAya che. jJAnavaDe paNa A ja padArtha prApta karavAnA che, ane emAM paNa zraddhA ane prema judI rIte jarUranAM che, kemake e vinA jJAna asthira, zithila, zuSka ane pakSa rahe che. ane kadAca keIne prathama daSTie ema lAgaze ke A bhakti dvita vinA saMbhavatI nathI, kAraNa ke jyAM AtmAe paramAtmA upara avalaMba karavAno che tathA prema bAMdhavAnuM che tyAM svathI para padArthane eTale tino svIkAra aMtargata rahe ja che. paNa kharuM jotAM daitane chedavAnuM sAdhana ja A bhakti che. paramAtmA sAthe prema joDAtAM premI pitAnI ahaMtAmamitAthI mukta thaI jAya che, ane e mukti te ja advaitavAdanuM parama * premamAM zraddhA AvI jAya che ema kahIe to paNa cAle. athavA zraddhA premanuM eTale bhaktinuM sAdhana che ema kahI zakAya. zraddhA ane bhakti ema be ravIndra sAdhana paNa bolAya che. juvo-zAMDilyamUva. eja A lekhamAM ) cA vize paNa nA nhAnA lekhamAM

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Atmanivedana 233 sAdhya che. jJAnavaDe paNa A ja dazA prApta karavAnI che. AtmAne vastutaH ahaMtAmamatAnAM baMdhana nathI ema samajavAne artha paNa e ja che ke ahaMtAmamitAthI rahita Atmasthiti prApta karavI. have A ahaMtAmamitAthI rahita AtmA e advaita vedAnta pramANe paramAtmA-brahma-ja che eTaluM dhyAnamAM rAkhIzuM te samajAze ke ubhayamAM paramAtmAne samAna rIte praveza che. arthAta ubhaya sAdhanavaDe eka ja sthiti siddha karavAnI che eTaluM ja nahi, paNa baMnemAM dhArmikatAne bhAva paNa samAna che. tAtparya ke-eka ja tatva upara baMnene uddeza hovA uparAMta eka Philosophy (tattvajJAna) che ane anya Religion (dharmavRtti) che ema paNa nathI, ubhaya Religion (dharmavRtti) che, ane eka ja padArthanAM vibhinna svarUpa che. ukta prakArane prema AtmAnuM astitva siddha kare che. te evI rIte ke prema thatAM jyAre huM evo padArtha ja raheto nathI, tyAre maraNazIlatA kone bAdha karI zake? jeNe pitAnI ahamAkAravRtti brahmane ja khALe mUkI dIdhI che, arthAta "jema nadIo nAmarUpa tyajI samudramAM lIna thAya che" tema jeNe potAnI bhedamaya ahemUrti brahmarUpa premasAgaramAM laya pamADI dIdhI che, tenI dRSTie brahmavinA anya "huM" kahevA lAyaka ke padArtha ja avazeSa rahetuM nathI, eTale brahmano vinAza thAya te ja pitAne vinAza e tho mAne. bIjI---A brahma pitAthI bhinna hoya te koI kALe paNa pitAne nAza thavAno saMbhava rahI ene bhaya utpanna thAya, paNa jyAre enuM Atmatva ja brahmamAM che tyAre pachI ene vinAzane saMbhava ja ze? A rIte advaita vedAntamAM AtmAnuM amRtatva anubhavavAnI prakriyA che. A vicAramAMthI prasaMgavazAta vAcakane eTaluM spaSTa thayuM haze ke jeo bhakti mandAdhikArI mATe che ema mAne che teo, tathA jeo paramAtmAnA jJAnane badale (ahaMkArAspada) AtmAnuM jJAna saMpAdana karavAmAM ja siddhi mAne che teo, vedAntasiddhAnta kharI rIte samajyA nathI. sAdhusaMga 3 have trIjo vicAra e karavAne che ke paramAtmAne pahoMcavAmAM sAdhusaMganuM mAhAmya keTaluM che ? A viSayamAM mIrAMe ThIka karyuM che ke "mArA tAja mise, saMta rAma rouM. saMta rA riArA upara, rAma duhA huM." 30

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234 Atmanivedana A saMsArasamudramAMthI tAranAra be ja padArtha che. eka "saMta" ane bIje "". temAM "saMta" nuM sthAna "ziza upara che, "rAma" nuM hadayamAM che. saH mAtra pakSa rIte mArga batAvIne dUra rahe che, enA sahavAsathI jeTalI asara thaI zake teTalI kare che, paNa paramAtmAne aparokSa anubhava kare e chevaTanuM kAma hRdayanuM che. eka (santa) mATe mAna kartavya che, bIjAne (rAmane) hRdayamAM levAno che. jANe jagatamAM AvIne paramasAdhya vastu gurUnI sevA karI prasAda meLavo e ja hoya ema mAnanArAonI jAtinuM uparanuM vAkya garbhita rIte ThIka nirAkaraNa kare che. guranuM prayojana amuka bhAganA bhemiyA tarIke che, ane jeTalo e viSayamAM eno anubhava adhika teTaluM ene mAna ghaTe che, "ziza upara caDhAvavA lAyaka thAya che. paNa je gAma javuM che te gAmanuM vismaraNa karI jaI bhomiyAne ja pUjavA bezI javuM e te atyanta zocanIya zrama che. bezaka sAdhunA samAgamathI bahu lAbha che. sAdhutA e paramAtmAnuM pratyakSa svarUpa che, ane enA sahavAsathI AtmA sahaja nimeLa thaI jAya che. nirguNa brahma saguNa saMta jANavA vahithI tejavaMta thAya dIvA. agnithI dIpa thAya bahu ja Adara karyo, dIpathI dIpa te thAya sahele; jJAninI mUrya te jANe govidanI tahAM bhagavAna bheTe ja vahele." paNa amuka vyakti saMta che ke nahi e saMpUrNa rIte AMkha ughADIne jovAnI jarUra che. vaLI pite paNa e ja mArga cAlanAra sAthI musAphara che, ane A vikaTa bhArganI saghaLI galIguMcIo pitAne paNa vidita nathI e vAta prasaMge pAtta samaya ane adhikAra joI ziSyane samajAvavI e sazunu kartavya che. + Ama jema eka pAsa gurune ayogya mahattva ApI ene abdha zraddhAthI vaLagI rahevAne doSa "prAcInamArgIone che, tema bIjI pAsa sarva jJAna hameza pustakathI ja ke takaeNbaLathI ja gamya che, dharma pipotAnI vatannatAthI ja Acaro ThIka che, ItyAdi vicAranI bhUlathI bharelI vartaNUka navIna"mArgIomAM jaNAya che. AthI pariNAma e thayuM che ke "prAcIna vahemamAthI chUTatA nathI, ane "navIna" mAM dhArmika vRttinuM baLa AvatuM nathI. eke sudharavAnI jarUra che, ane bIjAe sudhAravAnuM kAma mAthe lIdhuM che, paNa be pAne koI paNa rIte yoga thato nathI, ane ApaNI dhArmika avanati hatI te tenI kAyama rahe che. ApaNuM "navIna vidvAna jyAM

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Atmanivedana 235 ' AvA sAcA ane kRpALu guru zedhavAnI IcchA jijJAsu-hRdayane 'svAbhAvika rIte thAya che, ane evA guru thavA lAyaka mahApuruSane abhAve, svasamAna paMktinA samAnahadayathI paNa ghaNuM zAti maLe che. sattanA samAgamathI manuSyanI gharamAM ghera pazuvRtti paNa zamI jaI kharU manuSyatva kevuM khIlI Ave che e akhAe bahu sArI rIte darzAvyuM che. akho kahe che - "saMtasaMga kIdhA vinA jana, je vanamAMne pazu; u5je khape te vana vanamAM, vastinuM sukha nahi kazuM. saMtasaMge sarva samajhe, pazu TaLI thAye pAtra, saMta te ja kRpA kare te, navapallava thAya gAtra. kAma krodha lobha meha tApe, baLI rahyA che jana; te jIvane TADhA thavAne, saMta te parjanya." AvA parjanya" mATe utsuka banelI mIrAMe lokApavAdanI paNa darakAra na karI, "mAtA choDI pitA choDe choDe sagAM soI sAdhu saMga beTha beTha lokalAjaH khoI." sudhI nirabhimAna vRttithI "prAcIna"nI bhajanama DaLImAM bhaLatAM AMcake khAze tyAMsudhI hiMdustAnane dhArmika uddhAra dUra che. prAcIna e paNa eTalI udAravRtti rAkhavI ucita che ke ApaNo dharma bahu vizALa che, ane asaMkhya mahAna magaje ane hRdayamAMthI udbhava pAmyo che, ane tethI je mANasa "prAcIna"nI amuka rUDhine anusAra je dharmAcaraNa karato nathI te hiMdu maTI jAya che ane nAstika thaI jAya che ema nathI. ghaNI vAra AvI dekhAtI nAstikatAmAM prAcIna "nI pitAnI AstikatA karatAM vadhAre AstiSpa samAeluM hoya che. sudhArakAe eTalu jevAnuM che ke cAlatI vyavasthAmAM sudhAro karavAne badale kevaLa avyavasthA utpanna karavI ane samAjanA paramANuone potAnI vinAzaka paddhati vaDe cheka astavyasta karI nAMkhavA e atyanta aniSTa che. A sarva satyamAM kAMI ja navIna zedha nathI, tathApi e pramANe AcaraNa thatuM nathI evuM avidyAnuM baLa che ! jIvana--ktivivekamAM traNa prakAranI vAsanAnuM savistara nirUpaNa karyuM cheH dehavAsanA, lokavAsanA, ane zAstravAsanA; "lokavAsanA te A lokalAja,

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236 Atmanivedana lokalAja e pratyeka mahAna kAryamAM bahu vighakArI che. e choDyA vinA saMsArasamudra taravo azakaya che. paNa Ama " hA " khAtAM mIrAM jevA vIrahadayane paNa saheja dhakko lAgyA vinA rahetuM nathI. e bhAyAne prabhAva che ! Akhare e tarapha pUTha pheravI bicArI mIrAM kahe che - nItI ." ane A rIte "vAra mAM jhAra dhira" e asAdhAraNa pratiSThA-adhikAra-mIrAMe prApta karyo. sAra-(1) jagata tarapha vairAgya ane dayA, (2) paramAtmA tarapha jJAnamaya prema ane zraddhA, (3) saMta tarapha mAna ane saMganI IcchA e bhAgavata jananI svAbhAvika vRttio che. sudarzana, I. sa. 1899 sapTembara - yuropamAM St. Theresa kAMIka mIrAMne maLatI Ave che.

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muktinAM sAdhana muktinAM sAdhana "nAtha ! je cAra varSa suergj aura grAha larata jalabhItara, . larata larata gaja hAryo. nAtha lai 2 zabarI ke bera sudAmAke tAndula, ruci ruci bhoga lagAyo. nAtha vai2 duryodhanakA mevA chAMDake, bhAjI viduraghara pAyA. nAtha! jo rU" zrImadbhAgavatamAM zukadevajIe parikSita rAjAne "gajendra nAmanuM eka uttama AkhyAna saMbhaLAvyuM che. vArtA AvI che-kSIrasamudanA madhyamAM * trikUTAcaLa " nAme traNa zikharavALA eka parvata hato. enA upara nAnA prakAranAM vRkSo pavanathI DAlatAM hatAM; asaMkhya pakSIo vividha svare nAda karI rahyAM hatAM; sthaLe sthaLe nirmaLa jaLanAM saravare sphaTikavata prakAzatAM hatAM; enI bAjue pattharomAM thaIne madhura jharaNAM khaLakhaLa vahetA hatAM, ane cotarapha samudranAM meja enA pAdane athaDAI detA hatAM. e parvatanA eka bhAgamAM varuNadevane bAga hatuM, emAM devAMganAo ramatI hatI. e bAgamAM-khajUrI, AMbA, tADa, mahuDAM, sAga, vaDa, gulAba, caMpA, keLa. drAkSa vagere vividha jAtanAM nhAnAM heTAM phaLakulanAM jhADa ane vela UgelAM hatAM. enI vacamAM eka sarevara hatuM. enI manaharatAnuM zuM varNana karavuM? zrImadbhAgavatamAM enuM bahu sundara varNana karyuM che. paNa TUMkAmAM A sthaLe huM eTaluM ja kahuM chuM ke bANa kavinI kAdambarInuM paMpA ke accheda sarovaranuM varNana kalpI lyo. emAM eka gadhagaja-umadA hAthI, jenA gaMDasthaLamAMthI jharatA madanI sugandhathI AkhuM vana maghamaghI rahe che-e aneka hAthaNIone laI e vanamAM pharato hato; zrImadbhAgavata kahe che ke "thA gRg"=" gRhasaMsArI jIva kuTumbajanothI vITAI saMsAramAM vicare

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238 muktinAM sAdhana che tema." pharate pharate baporanA tApathI tapele e gaja eka sarevaramAM hAthaNuo sahavartamAna nhAvA paDe. uttararAmacaritamAM bhavabhUtie varNana karyuM che te pramANe, e hAthI suMDhavatI pANI laI hAthaNIo upara varasAve che, hAthaNuone pAya che pote pIe che, ane ema sau Ananda karatAM kALa nigame che, eTalAmAM eka mahAmaghare AvI hAthIne paga jhAlyo! hAthI jorAvara hato-magharathI sahejavAramAM kheMcAI jAya e na hato. uparanI cIjamAM kahyuM che tema, "mana kaura prA" vacce eka "hajAra varSa" e jaLamAM laDhAI cAlI. laDhatAM laDhatAM, zukadevajI parIkSitane kahe che ke, e gajanAM mana baLa ane ojasa" kSINa thaI gayAM, paNa e grAhanA mukhamAMthI chUTavAnI pitAnI zakti na jaNAIAkhare vicAra karI "antakALe jIva vivaza thaI prabhune smare che tema' e hAthIe prabhune smaya-uDI lAgaNIthI sma-tethI smaratAM vAta ja hRdayamAM prabhunI chabI khaDI thaI gaI! khaDI thaI gaI ke bIjuM kAMI ja nahi, mAtra "nAma" =huM namaskAra karuM chuM eTale ja uccAraH "tamane" eTaluM uccAravAne paNa avakAza nathI, jarUra nathI. namaskArapUrvaka gajendra kahe che - rzmA]i tAturaMganA taH thiH imati vatunA grAheNa pAzena vidhAturAvRto'pyahaM ca taM yAmi paraM parAyaNam // yaH kazcanezo valino'ntakoragAt pracaNDavegAdabhidhAvatobhRzam / bhItaM prapannaM paripAti yadbhayAnmRtyuH pradhAvatyaraNaM tamImahi // " | mArA badhuo mane A saMkaTamAMthI choDAvI zake ema nathI te bicArI abaLA hAthaNIo te zuM ja kare? A grAharUpI vidhAtAnA pAzamAM pakaDAelo huM "parAtuM para' TAmAM vhoTuM 'ayana-zaraNAgatine thAna-prabhu-tene huM pAraNe jau chu. pracaMDa vegavAna mRtyarUpI baLavAna ajagara pUThe paDyo che tenAthI bahIne e prabhune zaraNe je jAya che tenuM e cAre taraphathI rakSaNa kare che. mRtyu suddhAMta jenA bhayathI hAse che--e prabhune ame zaraNe jaIe chIe." Ama dhyAna, yAna pachI namaskAra, ane namaskAra pachI prapativaraNAgati. pachI rAjendra prabhune dharma ane tatvajJAnane bhasiddhAnathI bharapUra ni kare che - ghaNA TAmAM mhAyarUpI baLavAna

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muktinAM sAdhana " oM namo bhagavate tasmai yata etaccidAtmakam / puruSAyAdivIjAya parezAyAbhidhImahi || *****....... ... namo namaste'khilakAraNAya / sarvAgamAmnAyamahArNavAya ******** niSkAraNAyAdbhutakAraNAya / namo'pavargAya parAyaNAya || ekAntino yasya na kaMcanArtha vAJchanti ye vai bhagavatprapannAH / atyadbhutaM taccaritaM sumaGgalaM gAyanta AnandasamudramanAH // ......00 300.............. sa vai na devAsuramartyatiryaG na khI na SaNDho na pumAn na jantuH / nAyaM guNaH karma na sana cAsaniSedhazeSo jayatAdazeSaH // tr 239 ...... 33000. RtyAdi. prabhu garuDa upara besI e gajanI vhAre dhAya che, emane jotAM vAMta ja gaja eka kamaLanuM puSpa sUMDhamAM laI prabhune arpe che ane nArAyaLAvitagutte maLavannamaste' ~ema kahI namaskAra kare che. pAchaLanA kavioe A chevaTanuM varNana A karatAM paNa vadhAre rAsaka karyuM che. kahe che ke prabhu lakSmIjInI sAthe ekAntamAM beThA hatA, te A gajendranI cIsa sAMbhaLI, lakSmIjIne paDatAM mUkI, kyAM jAu chu eTaluM paNa kahevA na rahI, ekadama garuDa upara svAra thayA, ane gajanA mukhamAMthI " dare ! '"--zabdanA 'da' pUrA thaI uccArAya che eTalAmAM te e gajendranI sAme AvIne UbhA cakra vatI grAhanuM vidyAraNa karyuM, grAha je devala RSinA zApathI A tiyAnimAM paDayeA hatA te peAtAnuM mULa divya gandharvarUpa pAmyA. ane gajendra paNa bhagavAnanA sparza mAtrathI ajJAnanA andhamAMthI vimukta thaI bhagavatsyarUpa banI gayA. ' 1 :

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muktinAM sAdhana, A kSIrasamudra te zuM ? trikUTAcaLa parvata te zuM ? emAM varuNanA khAga ane sarAvara te zuM? emAM hAthaNIo sAthe viharatA tathA jaLapAna ane snAna karatA gajendra te zuM? ene pakaDanAra grAha te zuM ?--ityAdi A AkhyAyikAnI aMgabhUta atizayeAktinA arthe vicakSaNa vAcakra yAranAe peAtAnA manamAM karI dIdhA haze. chatAM atre adhika spaSTatA khAtara huM mArA tarathI e artha karIza, ane pachI upalI kaDIomAM rahelA dharma ane tattvajJAnanA siddhAntA upara AvIza. 240 traNa zRMganA 'trikUTAcaLa' parvata te sattva rajas ane tamam e traNa guNenuM+ baneluM A jagat che. enI AsapAsa anantatArUpI kSIrasamudra patharAelA che--jemAM paramAtmA lakSmIjI sahavartamAna virAje che. e anantatAnAM mAjA A jagat sAthe haMmezAM athaDAyAM ja kare che, ane A jagat ve che, pavitra kare che. A jagamAM pApapuNyanA kSetrarUpI je saMsAra te AkhyAyikAmAM vastunA bhAga'. e bAgamAM aneka hAthaNIe sahavartamAna vicaratA hAthI te aneka vRttithI vIMTAelA jIvAtmA. e jIvAtmA, saMsAranA tApane saMsAranAM ja sukharUpI zItaLa jaLathI zamAvavA ane vRttie sAthe mhAlavA, viSayabheAgarUpI sarAvaramAM Utare che. tyAM amuka vakhata to pote ane peAtAnAM sau ekaThAM bhaLI Ananda kare che, paNu Akhare jyAre mRtyurUpI grAha ene pakaDe che, tyAre e prabhune smare che-- kharA manathI smare che. smaratAM vAMta ja prabhu bhaktanI vhAre dhAya che, mRtyurUpI grAha' nuM vidAraNa kare che, ane prabhunA sparzathI jIvAtmA para mAtmAsvarUpa banI jAya che. A A AkhyAyikAnA rahasyArtha che. have enuM thAka manana karIe. * upamAna ane upameyamAMthI upameyane gaLI jaine upameyanuM upamAnarUpe ja varNana karavAmAM Ave te 'atizayekti' alaMkAra kahevAya che. + " zRGgANImAni dhiSNyAni brahmaNo me zivasya ca. "" ~~~bhAgavata. traNa sthAna--eTale A traNa zRMgA te brahmA rajas sattva ane tamam e * vedamAM varuNune ' satya ' deva kahyo che. viSNu ane zivanAM traNa guNu che. ane ' anRta ' yAne pApa-puNyanA jonAra ga

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muktinAM sAdhana 241 A saMsArarUpI bAga ramaNIya che, mohaka che, chatAM enAM zItaLa lAgatAM "sarovara" aMdarathI bhayaMkara ane duHkhadAyaka che. ramaNIyatA e mAtra enuM bAhya svarUpa che, paNa te evuM dhyAna kheMcanAruM che ke kavie jANI joIne e svarUpane AgaLa paDatuM cItaryuM che, ane e cItaravAmAM pitAnI saghaLI varNanazakti vAparI che. saMsAranI madhura viSamayatAne A siddhAnta jene eka zabdamAM ApaNe vairAgyanI bhAvanA kahIe te keTalAkane e arucikara thaI paDe che ke enA pratye pitAnI aci dazavavAmAM teo eka paNa kaTu vizeSaNa vadhAre paDatuM gaNatA nathI, ane hindusthAnanI avanatinuM bIja A eka siddhAntamAM ja samAeluM che ema mAnI le che. bIjA keTalAka, jeo jarA vadhAre zAtithI vicAra karavAnI TevavALA che, teo A bhAvanAne hindusthAnanAM AbohavA ane enI prajAnA rAjakIya ane sAMsArika ItihAsathI khulAso kare che. teo kahe che ke A dezanAM AbohavAthI Arya prajA tavAI gaI ane enA itihAsamAM andhAdhudhI cAlIne ene saMsAra e duHkhamaya thaI gayo ke ene svAbhAvika rIte "sarva surae rU " e sivAya anya siddhAnta sUjhe ema ja na hatuM ! Ama citanya uparathI deva kADhI teo jaDa upara caDhAve che. jaDa ane citanyane saMbandha-je A khulAsAnA garbhamAM rahyo che-te viSe atre vivecana karavAne avakAza nathI, paNa A khulAsA sAme ApaNe eTaluM te kahI zakIzuM ke-pazcimanI prajA vartamAna yugamAM bhogavilAsamAM racI-pacI che tethI ene vairAgyane mahimA samajAto nathI, athavA te pazcima dezamAM jIvanakalaha atyAre e tIvra banI rahyo che ke tyAMnA lekane athAga pravRtti karyA sivAya jIvananirvAha kare azakaya hAI nivRttinI kadara enAthI thaI zakatI nathI--ema kaI taraphathI kahevAmAM Ave to temAM pUrvokta khulAsA karatAM ochuM satya che ema kAIthI ekadama kahI zakAze nahi. manuSyane saMsArane anubhava e bezaka enA siddhAnta upara asara kare che paNa e anubhava pUrato ja e siddhAnta heta nathI. tema e anubhava pitAne zira gujAryo hovo joIe ema paNa niyama nathI. mahAna AtmAmAM anubhavathI sUcavAelo siddhAnta buddhithI vistare che; ane anyane anubhava kalpanAzaktithI pitAne karI levAya che. A dezamAM je mahAtmAe "sarva kurNa sukalaka"e siddhAnta, eka bauddha grantha kahe che tema, "AkAzamAM ghaMTa vagADIne saune saMbhaLAvyuM. te mahAtmA annapANI 31

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rara muktinAM sAdhana AvatA TaLavaLatA ke kuTumbanAM khAnagI du:khAthI pIDAtA eka pAmara jIva na hatA. tema kSamA namratA vagere sadguNInA emaNe upadeza karyAM te vakhate A hindu deza anivAya julamathI kacarAI gaelA ke parAdhIna thaI paDele hatA ema paNa kAMI na hatuM, paNa jagatanA svarUpa upara cintana karatAM emane je satya lAgyuM te emaNe jaNAvyuM, ane te peAtAnI ameAdha zaktithI anya janane gaLe UtAryuM, mud bhagavAna uttama kSatriya kuLamAM ane pUrNa samRddhimAM ucharyAM hatA paNa emanuM hRdaya evuM anukampAbharyuM ane emanI kalpanAzakti evI tejasvI hatI, ke pote rathamAM besIne karavA gayA tyAM anya jIvAnAM jarA vyAdhi ane bharaNunAM darzana thakI emane vairAgya thaI AbyA, ane ene pariNAme, vhAlI dvArA ane vhAlA sutane UMdhatAM mUkI, tathA pAmara janate prANasamAna vhAlI lakSmIne tRNavat tyajI,--e eka 'zyAma rajanI'mAM mahela cheADI cAlI nIkaLyA. Akhare pAte jJAna pAmyA, jagatane e jJAna pamADavu, ane je strI putrane UMdhatAM mUkI e gayA hatA temane jagADyAM, kharA arthamAM jagADyAM. Ama buddha bhagavAnanI vairAgyabhAvanA khAyalA ke kAyara hRdayamAM prakaTI na hatI--paNu saMsAramAM pArakAnAM duHkha joI ne dravatA kAmaLa hRdayamAMthI janmI, paradu:khabhaMjananI mahApravRttimAM pariNata thaI hatI. khAnagI sukhadu:khane anubhava ane jIvananA siddhAMta vacce niyata kAryakAraNubhAvatA saMbaMdha nathI e khatAvavA khIjo dAkhalA rAmacaMdrajInA lyA: aMgata anubhavathI je kAI paNa siddhAnta rAmane mATe svAbhAvika hAya tA te A saMsAranI duHkhamayatAne ane tene pariNAme saMsAra cheDI vanamAM cAlI nIkaLavAnA hatA. mahAvi bhavabhUti uttararAmacaritamAM rAmane ja mhAMe kahevaDAve che tema "tulasaMvenacaiva rAme citamyamarpitam' = " duHkha bhogavavA mATe ja rAmamAM caitanya mUkAyuM hatuM." ekavAra vana seva* nIce (Neitchze ) nAmanA eka prasiddha arvAcIna yuropiana philasuph krAisTanA mahAna upadezanA A rIte khulAsA kare che! enA jIvana ane tattvajJAnane eka vivaraNakAra vartamAna yurApamAM enI prasiddhi ane asaranuM bahu varNana kare che--e vAMcI mane thayuM ke jyAM sudhI AvuM tattvajJAna vicArane meAkhare rahe tyAM sudhI yurApamAM nitya yuddhanI garjanA vinA zuM saMbhaLAya ? vaizAkha, 1969 eTale hAlamAM (1916mAM) cAlatA yuddhanI zarUAta thatAM pahelAM Azare doDha varSa upara A nATa lakhAI hatI. ]

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muktinAM sAdhana ra vAne prasaMga AvyuM hatuM tyAre paNa saMsAranI pavitra mIThAza-sItA-emaNe pitAnI sAthe ja rAkhI hatI. pite kahe che tema "rAca8 di 8 tAH zvadharma saMsAripu ja supu vayaM rakSAH" vanamAM gRhI ane vAnaprastha ubhayane rasa emaNe lIdho hato. ane jyAre e mIThAza devanI kuTila gatie paDAvI lIdhI, tyAre pUrNa viratAthI e sAme pite laDayA, vijaya meLavyuM, ane saMsArI thayA. kALa jatAM, saMsAranI mIThAza aLagI karavAnI pharaja paDI tyAre e pharaja bajAvI-paNa chatAM paNa emaNe bhagavAM na karyo. azvamedha yajJamAM sItAjInI suvarNanI mUrti karIne pAse besADI, ane vyavahAranI sthala daSTie je tyAga hato te bhAvanAnI sUkSma dRSTie paramAgarUpa banI rahyo. Ama buddha ane rAmanA jIvanamAM vairAgyanI bhAvanA jude jude rUpe siddha thAya che. ubhaya nitya-zuddha-buddha-muktasvarUpa purUSa hatA, ane emane A saMsArasarAvarane "grAhe pakaDI zake ema na hatuMpaNa ApaNe pAmara jI e "grAhethI pakaDAelA chIe, ane enAthI chUTavA yatana karavAno che. A yatna kevaLa ApaNuM ja baLa vIrya ane parAkrama upara AdhAra rAkhIne karavo joIe ema keTalAka kahe che. jeone svabaLa upara eTalo vizvAsa hoya temane dhanya che. e vizvAsa yathArtha che ke kema e pariNAmathI jaNAya, paNa e vizvAsa ApaNA jevA jIvone mATe niSphara ane ahaMtAbharyo che e to ene kasoTIe caDhAvatAM pahelAM paNa kahevAmAM bAdha nathI. prabhunA anugrahanI darakAra na karatAM je kevaLa nyAya ja mAge che tenA saMbaMdhamAM keDarika haeNrisane "The Positive Evolution of Religion" nAmanA pustakamAM eka sthaLe kaheluM te atre yAda Ave che. e kahe che " He stands alone before his offended God-waiting for strict justice, prepared to meet his fate. I am not about to deny that the thought is one of tremendous power that must rouse and inspire some natures with desperate energy. The strong, resolute, proud nature, with hard brain and untamed self-confidence, may go to this dread ordeal with magnificent heroism. There have been snch natures: but are all men, all women, all the timid and the weak ones able to bear such a strain? I do not deny that some men can be raised to heroic mood by such a religion as this Theism. But I say the majo.

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muktinAM sAdhana rity would be crushed and appalled by it. It is the religion of the strong, the independent, the masterful. It would be the purgatory of the feeble, the irresolute, the clinging natures." have A "grAhe te zuM?-ane emAMthI mukti pAmavAnAM zAM sAdhana ? e vicArIe. upara kahyuM ke grAhe te mRtyu, paNa hajI "mRtyu ' te zuM enuM vivecana karavuM bAkI che. A zarIrInI huM jIvuM nitya jIvuM evI IcchA mUkhaI bharelI che. ema nitya jIvI zakAtuM ja nathI, ane ema jIvavAmAM Ananda paNa nathI. eka grIka AkhyAyikA che ke uSAe pitAnA kAnta Tinasa mATe deva pAsethI amRtatva mAgI lIdhuM, paNa yauvana bhAgavuM na sUjhayuM-tethI e bicAre nitya ghasAte ja jAya paNa mRtyu Ave nahi! A kevI durdazA ! vaLI nitya yauvana, jemAM vadhAre nahi ane ghaTADe nahi, e prApta thAya te paNa zuM?-navInatAne abhAve e paNa kaMTALo Ape. vastutaH je amRtatva mATe mahAtmAo mathe che te A daihika jIvananI niyatA nahi, ulaTuM e jIvanane lepa. kisA gAtamI buddha bhagavAna pAse gaI ane kahyuM ke "mahArAja ! mArA bALakane jIvatuM kare." tyAre buddha bhagavAne ene mUThI rAIne dANa mAgI lAvavA kahyuM- paNa te eve gherathI ke jyAM Aja paryanta koI marI gayuM na hoya. bicArI baha, bhaTakI, paNa buddha bhagavAne mAgI hatI tevI rAI na maLI. koIne ghera pitA te keIne ghera putra, keIne ghera pati to koIne ghera panI. keIne ghera bhAI te keIne ghera bena-ema gheraghera keIne koI te marI gaeluM kharuM ja, A anubhava karAvIne kisA gotamIne buddha bhagavAne samajaNa pADI ke maraNa jIvamAtrane mATe Avazyaka che, ane enAthI mukta thavAno mArga eka ja che ke jIvanuM jIvapaNuM nAza karavuM. e jIvapaNuM zI rIte nAza pAme? tRNano nAza karavAthI + huM jIvuM, jIvuM, anyane mArIne paNa chavuM evI je jIvananI tRNa jIva mAtramAM rahelI che, tene mULamAMthI nAza karavI joIe. e tRNa viSayamAM lapaTAvAthI utpanna thAya che. A viSaya te te padArtho nathI, paNa e padArthomAM je mohakatA che te che. e mohakatAno nAza karavA saMbadhI brAhmaNa zAstrakAroe eka parama - upaniSadamAM Indriyone ane viSayone "graha" ane "atigraha" kahyA che. graha e mRtyu che, paNa indriyone ane viSayane vaza thavuM e ja kharuM mRtyu che. Ama baMne arthanI ekatA che.

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muktinAM sAdhana 245 satya e batAvyuM che ke jyAM sudhI sakala saundarya-nidhAna, premanidhAna rasa-nidhAna paramAtmAnI chabI netra AgaLa khaDI thaI nathI tyAM sudhI ja e mahakatA che. saMsAranI mahuDI uparathI heTha-maha UThAvI ekavAra e amRtakalazane lagADe, pachI mahuDI tarapha vaLavAnuM te zuM, paNa e amRtakalazane hoTha AgaLathI khaseDavAnuM paNa tamane mana nahi thAya. paramAtmAne rasa e te mAtAnA stananuM dUdha che. bALaka e stanane vaLagyuM heya te vakhate ene belAvaze ramADo to e tamArA sAme joze, hasaze, khuza thaze, paNa pAchuM stanane vaLagaze-tema dhArmika AtmAo paNa A saMsAra sAmuM joIne, hazIne, ramIne, paNa pAchA paramAtmA tarapha piopaNa mATe vaLe che. Ama prabhu pratye prema e ja vairAgyane khare artha che. e prema ane Artasvare zaraNAgati e A saMsArarUpI "grAha"nA mukhamAMthI chUTavAnuM parama sAdhana che. prema, zaraNAgati e hRdayano bhAva che, paNuM pariNAmamAM e manuSyanA sarve svarUpane vyApI nAMkhe che. mukhavaDe stuti e ene vAcika udgAra che, ane hastavaDe arpaNa e ene kAyika AvirbhAva che. gajanI pAse kamaLa vinA zuM arpavAnuM hatuM? paNa je arpavAnuM hatuM te AhalAda bharI sUDha UMcI karIne ane namratA bharyuM mastaka namAvIne ApyuM, ane eTalAthI hajAre azvamedha karatAM paNa adhika evI prabhunI sevA thaI gaI' zabarIe rAmacandrajIne bera arpaNa karyA; kharI bhaktithI rAma ane sItAjI AgaLa berano paDIo mUkI dIdho, tyAre lakSmaNajIe pUchayuH "bAI! khATAM te nathI ne ?" zabarIe javAba dIdho: "mahArAja ! eke eka cAkhI cAkhIne mUkyuM che."! lakSmaNajI ane sItAjI hasyA. bhoLI bhIlaDIne adhakaraDelA ucchiSTa bAra prabhune dharAvatAM kAI bAdha lAge nahi. zA mATe lAge? saMsAranAM sukha yAce ane te paramAtmAne arpatA jAo e bhaktinuM uttama svarUpa che. prabhu bhoLI bhIlaDI jevAM ApaNuM pAmarajane pAse e karatA adhika mAgatuM nathI. je hoya te Apa. sudAmAnA gharamAM khArA pahuvA sivAya bIjuM kAMI ja na hatuM. strInA AgrahathI phADyA tUTyA lugaDAmAM e dAridraya bAMdhIne mitra pAse laI gayA. ane bahu dahADe maLyA, tethI premathI bheTI prabhue emane pAse besADyA. strIe prabhune ApavAnI bheTa te joDe baMdhAvI che, paNa te kema apAya ?--ema saMkecamAM ne saMkocamAM peluM piTakuM

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muktinAM sAdhana saMtADe paNa e ApavAnI hiMmata cAle nahi. sarvajJa paramAtmAe hasIne kahyuM: "bhAI sudAmA ! bhAbhIe zuM mekavyuM che--jevA de." sudAmA "kAMI nahi," "kAMI nahi" kahetA jAya, ane peluM piTakuM dabAve. bhagavAne piTakuM levA mAMDayuM-lIdhu-DayuM, ane emAMthI pahuvA laI eka mahI, bIjI mUDI ema khAvA mAMDayA, trIjI mUThI bharavA jAya che tyAM narasiha mahetA kahe che ke - "rukamaNuM kara graho zIza nAmI eka rahyAM ame, eka bIjA tame, bhaktane aDhaLaka dAna karatAM "premadAe premanAM vacana evAM kahyAM, hAtha sAho trIjI mUThI bharatAM." paNa be mUDI theDI nahatI. be mUDImAM te prabhue sudAmAnuM dAridratha haryuM, ghara senAnuM karI dIdhuM, sakaLa samRdithI bharI dIdhuM! dAridrayathI zaramAzo nahi. je kAMI thoDuM ghaNuMkhArA pahuvA jevuM paNa-tamArI pAse heya te prabhune arpaNa karaze te e tamAruM dAridraya TALaze. A deza pAse mUDI nathI, paNa prabhune e bALamitra che, ane potAnA dAridrayanuM piTakuM paNa e prabhu pAse jaIne dharaze te prabhu e svIkAryA vinA raheze nahi-ane A sudAmAnI jhuMpaDIne suvarNamaya sudAmApurI jarUra banAvaze. ApaNuM dhana jyAM sudhI ApaNe prabhune samarpatA nathI-satya prAmANikatA lokapakAra vagere guNethI ene pavitra karatA nathI-tyAM sudhI ja jagatanI samRddha prajAmAM sthAna pAmavAne ApaNane vilaMba thAya che. prabhu namra ane nItimAnane che, abhimAnI ane duSTane nathI. viduranI bhAjI ene vadhAre game che, duryodhananA mevA gamatA nathI. vidara yamarAjAne avatAra hatA; ema kahevAya che ke mAMDavya RSie cheka bALapaNamAM eka tItIghoDe vIM hato. te mATe jyAre yamarAjAe emane sajA karI, tyAre RSie yamarAjAne zApa dIdho ke "bAlyakALanI ajJAnAvasthAmAM kareluM pApa kartAne vaLagatuM nathI ema zAstranI maryAdA che, chatAM tame anyAyathI mane sajA karI tethI matyekamAM avatara!" arthAta adala insApha e yamarAjAnI bhAvanA che, e viduramAM avatarI hatI ane e paramAtmAne vahAlI che. anyAyI duryodhana pAMDavonAM rAjapATa pacAvI beThe che, ane anyAyathI meLavelI lakSmInA madathI e AMdhaLe banI gayo che ke e prabhunI madada levA deDe che tyAre paNa arjunanI peThe namratAthI prabhunA

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muktinAM sAdhana 247 caraNu sevavA besatA nathI, paNa abhimAnathI mastaka AgaLa akkaDa thaI bese che, ane chevaTe jyAre madadanI mAgaNInA uttaramAM prabhu ene kahe che ke " kahe teA huM tArI tarapha rahuM, ane kahe teA A senA tane laDhavA ApuM: paNa eTalI zarata ke huM jenI tarapha rahuM tenI taraphathI zastra hAthamAM jhAlIza nahi. " tyAre e mUrkha abhimAnI jIva prabhune badale senA pasaMda kare che! vastutaH A saMsAranA yuddhakSetramAM prabhu zastra laI ne laTatA nathI, paNa je pakSa tarapha e rahe che te ja pakSa vijayI thAya che. vIrya udyoga Adi prabhunI ja senA che, paNa je ghaDIe emAMthI prabhunuM pavitra tattva chUTuM paDe che te ghaDIe e A jagattA yuddhakSetramAM vijaya meLavavA mATe taddana nirarthaka nIvaDe che. duryodhananI mAphaka kSaNika phattehamandIthI kadI rAcavuM nahiH chevaTe might is not right prabhu baLavAnane nathI, nyAyavAnanA che--e ja sAbIta thAya che. ane e siddhAnta ja duauMdhananA dRSTAntamAM pratyakSa thAya che. enA antamAM rahele jIvapaNuM, e ' mRtyu' . A pramANe TUMkAmAM, saMsAranuM meAhaka svarUpa, * mRtyu 'rUpI mahAbhaya, ' mRtyu ' ne artha-jIvanuM mAMthI mukta thavA mATenAM sAdhanA--prabhunuM smaraNa, enA pratye prema ane prapatti, enI stuti ane naivedya, nIti ane namratA----RtyAdi viSaye avakAzAnusAra ApaNe carcyA. [ vasanta, vaizAkha saMvat 1969 ]

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248 eka ajavALI rAtri 5 eka ajavALI rAtri [O Moon ! the oldest shades 'mong oldest trees Feel palpitions when thou lookest in; O Moon! old boughs lisp forth a holies din The while they feel thine airy fellowship. Thou dost bless every where, with silver lip Kissing dead things to life. The sleeping kine, Couched in thy brightness, dream of fields divine: Innumerable mountains rise, and rise, Ambitious for the hallowing of thine eyes; And yet thy benediction passeth not One obscure hiding place, one little spot Where pleasure may be sent; the nested wren Has thy fair face within its tranquil ken, And from beneath a sheltering ivy leaf Takes glimpses of thee, thou art a relief To the poor patient oyster, where it sleeps Within its pearly house. ~Keats vya gyArtha--re prabhA !--jenA rasane veda 'sIma' 'vu' nAme stave che--tArI diSTa antamAM paDatAM, A janmanA aneka sAMsArika anubhave ane lAlasAethI khavAI gaelA, are ! asaMkhya janmAnI mAyAjALathI chavAelA jarjarita, AtmAonAM hRdayA paNu uchaLe che. 2 prabhA ! tArA divya samAgama thatAM, atyaMta zuSka ane jINuM thaI gaelI AtmavRkSanI zubhavruttirUpI DALIe paNa punaH dhIme dhIme pavitra dhvani uccAre che, mRta vastuomAM--kharA citrapadAthaeN khAI eDelA jIvAmAM----paNa tArA zveta zubhra sattvaguNumaya prakAza ane premamaya cuMbana alaukika caitanya prere che. A indriyarUpI gAyA, tArA premanI candrikAmAM vITAelI, brUmAM paNa--A saMsAranidrAmAM paNa divya kSevAnAM svamAM anubhave che. asaMkhya mahAtmArUpI girivarA tArA daSTipAtathI pavitra thavA mhoTI mhoTI

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{ eka ajavALI rAtri 28 AkAMkSA bhaya UbhA rahe che. ane te chatAM, eka alpamAM alpa mAnasaguhA, tArA AnandathI sIMcavA joga eka nAnAmAM nAnI jagA, paNa tArI premacandrikA pAmyA vinA rahI jatI nathI; A zarIrarUpI gALAmAM rahI pravRttinivRttirUpa pAMkha phaphaDAvatuM A jIvAtmArUpI pakSI paNa enI zAMta daSTivaDe tArA mukhanuM avalokana karI zake che, ane ekAda pavitra grantharUpI latApAnA Azraya nIce rahIne tArI jhAMkhI laI zake che. bhaktirUpI metInI chIpamAM nhAnI A bIcArI zAMta thaI paDI rahelI manarUpI mAchalI paNa tArI zAMti pAme che.] gaI kAle sadhyA samaye huM mArA eka mitra sAthe khetaromAM pharate hatuM. prathama te, pazcima dizaMDaLamAM je citravicitra ane umadA umadA raMgenI samRddhi ubharAI rahI hatI tenA avalokanamAM amAre vakhata sarI gayo. pelI je! pazcima AkAza pragaTI vALA re' phelAI che sahapAsa ghutinI mALA re ! anna azva saLagiyAM sarva dise raMgarAmAM re' ThAme ThAme dADimakusuma sarIkhAM suhAtAM re!" (kusumamAlA) e paMktio yAda lAvatA lAvatA ame cAlIe chIe, eTalAmAM e raMge dhIme ghIme jhAMkhA thaI vilupta thatA gayA, ane tene badale keTalAka tArAo ane graho eka pachI eka UgavA lAgyA. chevaTe AkhuM AkAza tigaNanA tejathI chavAI gayuM. zaraRtu hatI eTale AkAza gheruM bhUruM hatuM, ane tArAonA tejathI atizaya caLakatuM hatuM. AkAzagaMgA paNa ADI, dUdhanA pravAha jevI, vistarI rahI hatI. ane e sarvanI ramaNIyatA paripUrNa karavAne thoDAka vakhatamAM candra paNa, vAdaLAMthI AsapAsa gherAela tathA saundaryanA prabhAvamAM vITaLAele, AkAzanisaraNIe caTa. samasta suSTie kAMIka alaukika ja svarUpa dhAraNa karyuM- "ne caMdA karI vizva vyApI vibhUti re" candra, sapheda tejomaya, AkAzasamudramAM eka nAvaDA jevo tarata, nakSatramaMDaLamAM thaIne cAlyo jAya che; huM paNa enI sAme ekI najare joI rahyo chuM; eTalAmAM mArA mitre, jANe mahAga hadayane bhAva samajI jaI,

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pa0 eka ajavALI rAtri e viruddha kAMIka kahevA mATe emanI pAse eka pustaka hatuM temAMthI nIcenA zabdo vAMrayA. (vacamAM mAre kahI levuM joIe ke mahArA e mitrane vAMcavAno zokha bahu hatuM, ane pustaka vagara e bhAgye ja bahAra nIkaLatA. vaLI candranA ajavALAthI vAMcI zake evI emanI netrazakti hatI.) pelA zabdo A pramANe hatAH- "The heavens declare no other glory than that of Hipparchus, Kepler, Newton and the other illustrious astronomers who have interpreted the causal language that is uttered by the masses of matter that occupy space." (A khagAla je keIne paNa mahimA gAya che te te paramezvara kahevAtA kalpita padArthane nahi; paNa hiparkasa, keplara, nyUTana, bhAskarAcArya vagere prakhyAta khagoLazAstrIone-ke jeo AkAzamAM vistarI rahelA jaDa padArthonI kAryakAraNabhAva saMbadhI bhASA samajI zakyA.). - je kSaNe mAruM hadaya bhakti ane dhyAnanA rasamAM DUbeluM hatuM te kSaNe Avo tarka ane prathama te atyanta duHkhakara lAge. paNa tarka ane hRdaya bemAMthI ekeno anAdara kara mane pasaMda na hatuM, ane baMnenI ekavAkyatA thavI joIe evo mahAre siddhAnta hovAthI thoDA ja vakhatamAM huM svastha thaI zake, ane pachI mArA mitrane meM kahyuM -"bhAI, A dalIlane zo artha tha e joyuM? A rIte te tyAre prinsipiyA" e nyUTanano mahimA na darzAvatAM, mahAre tamAre-prinsipiyA" vAMcanArAone-mahimA darzAve che ! ! mATe nizcaya rAkho ke prakRtilekha enA lekhakano-paramAtmAno -mahimA darzAve che, nyUTanane nahi ja. vaLI jema nyUTane, pote ApaNuM karatAM caDhIA hAI, ApaNane agamya evAM satya zodhI kADhayAM, tema jagatanA mahAtmAo-RSijana, jeo paramAtmAnI vibhUtinA utpanna karanArA nathI paNa mAtra vAMcanArA che ane tethI "RSi eTale draSTA kahevAya che-teoe prakRtilekhamAM e parama satane veda lakhelo che. A paramAtmAthI anusmRta brahmAMDa e purANamAM varNavelA brahmA" che. enAM cAre mukhamAMthI-cAre dizAe, cetarapha-vedanA dhvani nIkaLI rahyA che, jenuM zravaNa karavuM e ApaNuM parama sukha kartavya ane bhAgya che." mahAna khagelazAstrI nyUTanano racelo grantha. mahimA na kazI nathI rAkhe . vaLI jema

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" eka ajavALI rAtri 25. A uttarathI mahArA mitrane te saMtoSa thayo. paNa turata ja paramAtmAnA darzana arthe dhyAnayogamAMthI khazI takane ekavAra chUTa ApavAthI kevI tarkaparaMparA cAle che ema sUcavatA hArA manamAM bIjo prazna Ubho thayo. "A brahmAMDa paramAtmAno mahimA sUcave che e te kharuM, paNa A vizALa brahmAMDamAM manujanI zI gaNatarI ? "ajavALAnuM eka kiraNa je eka sekanDe eka lAkha chanyAzI hajAra mAIla jeTaluM aMtara kApe che tene keTalAka tArAthI nIkaLI ApaNuM pRthvI para AvatAM vIza hajAra varSa joIe che ! ane hyujiniasa nAmane khagelavetA kahe che te kharU hoya to keTalAka tArAmAMnuM ajavALuM te hajI ApaNuM sudhI pahoMcyuM paNa nathI ! ! tArAo anya khagelemAM sUryasthAne che, ane ApaNuM A AkhuM sUryacakra nAza pAme te paNa vizvanA samAMthI samudranA taTanI retIne eka kaNa ochuM thayuM ema samajavuM! ! ! tyAM manuja te kezu? paramAtmAne enI zI darakAra?" A vicAra kharekhara mane bahu ja duHkhada thaI paData-paNa subhAgye te ja kSaNe mane aMgreja kavionI keTalIka paMktio yAda AvI. "Look up to heavens ! the industrious sun Already half his race hath run, He cannot halt, nor go astray, But our immortal spirits may". " I am besides, the only one, Who can be bright without the sun." "juo ! sUrya cAlyA kare che. na enAthI ubhA rahevAya, na enA bhAgamAMthI ADA javAya. paNa ApaNe amara AtmA baMne karI zake !" vaLI phakta huM ja evo chuM ke jene sUrya vinA paNa prakAzavAnI zakti che." ahe! kevA bhavya vicAra ' AthI eka tarapha mane jema hArI mahattA anubhavAI tema bIjI tarapha hArI javAbadArI" nuM mane tIvra bhAna thayuM. A vRttie mArA hRdayane AkuLa vyAkuLa karyuM. emAM mane bahu gabhIra artha lAgeH vizvataMtrImAMthI chuTA paDI gaelA eka tAranA jevI, vA harinA TALAmAMthI vikhuTA paDelA eka bAlahariNanA jevI, mane mhArI sthiti lAgI. chevaTe, prabhu kRpA vinA kSaNavAra huM hAruM kartavya karavAne samartha nathI ema meM nirNaya karyo. AtmAnA svAtaMtrya vinA pApa puNyanI javAbadArI, ane javAbadArI vinA AstikatA saMbhavatI nathI ema keTalAkanuM mAnavuM che, paNa A siddhAnta mane atyanta zuSka ane

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upara eka ajavALI rAtri ahaMtAnA abhimAnathI bharelo lAge che. huM je je karuM chuM te paramAtmAnI preraNAthI ja karuM chuM, huM karatuM nathI paNa paramAtmA ja kare che, ema je zuddha bhAvathI mAnavAmAM Ave te manuSya hRdayamAMthI pApa samUla nAza pAmI puNyavRtti svAbhAvika ane saraLa rIte-puSamAMthI sugadha prasare che temaprasare emAM saMdeha nathI. paNa A rIte eka vakhata samAdhAna thayA chatAM "prabhune tArI zI darakAra ke tArA upara kRpA karI tene sabhAge prere ?" e prazna pAcho-kAMIka vinA hake-AvI Ubho rahyo. paNa jANe ATalA zubha vicAra karavAthI sazakta banyA hoya ema mahAre AtmA vegathI dhazIne bolI uThyoH "zA mATe nahiM? e sarvavyApaka prema kyAM nathI ?pratye! huM tAre chuM." chevaTanuM vAkya mahArA AtmAnI UMDAmAM UMDI khINamAMthI nIkaLyuM, ane hArA prayatna vinA ja mAre mukhethI nIkaLI gayuM. mArA mitre e sAMbhaLyuM ane mane prazna karyoH "A tamAruM zAMkare-ata-vedAnta ke?" huM A vAkyane garbhita upAlaMbha samajI gayo. meM paNa daDhatAthI uttara Ape -"hA. amArA zaMkarAcArye kahyuM che - " satyapi bhedApagame nAtha tavAhaM na mAmakInastvam / / sAmudro hi taraGgaH kvacana samudro na tAraGgaH" [he prabho ! huM tAre chuM; tuM hare (AvirbhAva) nathI. taraMga samukane (vikAra-AvirbhAva), che; samudra taraMgane (vikAra, AvirbhAva) nathI.] A uttare amane saguNa-nirguNanA saMbadhanA vicAra AgaLa lAvI mUkyA. emAM UtaravA jeTale vakhata na hovAthI e carcA meM bhaviSya mATe rAkhI. : A vakhate candra AkAzanA madhya bhAge Avyo hato. samasta vizva enA zveta ujajavaLa pUramAM ekarasa banI relAtuM hatuM; paNa mahArA aMtarAbhAnI candrikA AgaLa A candrikA prAtaHkAlanI candrikA jevI ja jhAMkhI ane zuSka paDatI hatI. [uparanI vicAramAlA prakRtimAM ane puruSamAM paramAtmadarzana zI rIte thaI zake che ane te kevA svarUpamAM thaI zake che e sUcave che. vAcake dhyAnamAM lIdhuM ja haze ke atre sUcavyA pramANe - (1) paramAtmA che, ane te prakRti-sRSTi-racIne pachI dUra jaI beThelo nathI. tema ja vakhate vakhata prakRtinA kAryamAM yatheccha pheraphAra karavA vacce paDe che ema paNa nathI. samasta brahmAMDa para mAtmAnuM kAvya che, emAM enuM pratikSaNa svarUpe pragaTa thAya che,

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eka ajavALI rAtri raparuM ane jema jema e kAvyanA artho anubhavagocara thatA jAya che tema tema ene divya mahimA pratyakSa thato Ave che, (2) smaraNamAM rAkhavAnuM che ke-prakRti--jaDa prakRti-e paramAtmAnI " aparA" prakRti che ane jIvAtmA e enI "para kahetAM caDhIAtI prakRti che. paNa e utkRSTatAnI sAthe ja javAbadArI paNa Ave che--je bhAra e pote pitAnI meLe sahana karI zake ema nathI, tyAM paramAtmAnA AzrayanI jarUra paDe che. e Azraya paramAtmA bahAra rahIne ApI zake nahi. bahAra (viSayabhUta) hovuM e te jaDa (dasya) ne dharma che. huM tamArA AtmAne viSaya karatA nathI kAraNa ke viSayatA te AtmatvathI viruddha che. huM te. mAtra tamArA AtmAnI bahAranI chAyAne ja jJAnagocara karuM chu. eTale bahAra-viSayabhUta-hevuM e jaDane dharma che e siddhAnta abAdhita rahe che.) tyAre e Azaya paramAtmA Antara rahIne ja Ape. ane Ansara hovuM e kharuM jotAM AtmabhUta hovuM ema che. je je AtmabhUta nathI te bahAra ja che. A arthamAM paramAtmA jIvAtmAne AtmA che; nahi ke ghaNIvAra mAnI levAya che tema chavAmA te ja paramAtmA (3) A rIte samasta vizva prakRti ane puruSa ubhayAtmaka paramAtmAnuM-paramAtmarUpa siddha thaI zake che. "paramAtmA" ene vAstavika artha "paramAtmA-rUpa" thAya che. kAraNa ke enuM te enAthI bhinna ramakaDAM jevuM nathI. A rIte saguNamAMthI nirguNa samajI levAnuM che. vizeSa anya prasaMge. sudarzana, I. sa. 1900, eprila ja e siddhAnta zaMkarAcAryano na dekhAtAM rAmAnujAcAryanA jevo dekhAya che. paNa vastutaH atra zAMkara siddhAnta ja vivikSita che. te A rIte ke- paramAtmA chavAtmAno AtmA che, ane AtmA e AtmA hovAnA kAraNathI ja tattvabhUta heI satya padArtha gaNAvA yogya che, eTale paramAtmA e ja satya che ane jIvAtmA mithyA che--mATe chevaTe, jIvAtmA pote kAMI ja nathI, jIvAtmA e paramAtmA ja che ema AvI rahe che.

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cAMdaliye 54 cAMdaliye" o pele cAMdaliyo mA mune, ramavAne Alo; nakSatrathI cUMTI lAva, mAre zuMjhalaDe ghAlo, ve ruve ne rAtaDe thAe, cAMdA sAmuM jUve, mAtA jazodAjI harinAM asuDA hUve, lokanA anerAM cheyAM, ghele tuM kAM thAya; cAMdaliye AkAze vahAlA, kayama karI levAya. thALImAM jaLa bhariyuM mAMhi, cAMdaliyo dAkhe; narasane svAmI zAmaLiye, raDate rAkhe. A cAra kaDIo kavi narasiMha mahetAnI che, ane gujarAtamAM strIone mukhe aneka vAra bahu bhAvathI gavAtI saMbhaLAya che. emAM eka bAlakanA mugdhatvanuM citra che, ane e citra atyanta suMdara pratibhAnI pIMchIthI AlekhAyuM che ema hareka sahadayanuM hRdaya svIkAre che. A kAvyane vivakSita artha te ATalo ja che, ane ATale artha letAM paNa jagatanAM prathama paMktinAM saMgItakAmAM enuM sthAna sthapAI rahe che. paraMtu eka zAnta manahara candrikAnI pAchalI rAtrie uparanuM kAvya smaraNa karatAM karatAM, e "hadayavINuM'mAMthI je uccatara ane gaMbhIratara sUro A kaNe paDyA hatA ene vAMcakane kAMIka paricaya karAvavAne anne uddeza che. "e pelo cAMdalica mA mune, ramavAne Ale; nakSatrathI cUMTI lAvI, mAre zuMjhalaDe ghAle." A pramANe paramAtmArUpI "cAMdaliyA"ne pitAne karavA icchatA, gajhala ghAlavA' nahAnI sarakhI AtmaguhAmAM sAkSAta anubhavavA IcchatA manuja AtmAnuM ucca rudanaka che, ane jema jema paramAtmA sAmuM e adhika joto jAya che tema tema e rudana zamavAne badale adhikatara thatuM jAya che. ruve ruve ne rAta thAo, cAMdA sAmuM jove;" " Wherefore hidest thou thyself ?" "O that I knew where I could find him !"--The Old Testament.

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cAMdaliye 255 e paMkti bhakata hadayanI bhagavataprApti mATe tIvra IcchA bedhe che. yazodA-bhAyA-ThIka ja kahe che - "cAMdaliyo AkAze vahAlA, kayama karI levAya?" paramAtmA te ApaNuM ubhaya thakI bahu para che te kema levAya?" paraMtu A uttarathI bhakta hRdaya zAnta thatuM nathI. Akhare yazedA thALImAM pANuM bharI emAM "cAMdaliye dekhADe che. manuSyanA antaHkaraNamAM paramAbhAnuM pratibiMba paDe che, ane pratibibanuM darzana enA hadayane zAMti Ape che. A rIte uparanuM kAvya (1) manuSya-AtmAne paramAtmAnI kevI AvazyakatA che e batAve che; tathA (2) eka taraphathI paramAtmAnI paratA ane bIjI taraphathI pratibiMba rUpe enI pratyakSatA darzAve che. A baMne siddhAtenuM vizeSa vivecana karavA jevuM che. jIvAtmA paramAtmA mATe utsuka banI "sa" che e siddhAntamAM dharmanA svarUpa saMbaMdhI kevo anupama bodha samAelo che! dharma manuSyane lAbhakArI che,-ethI enuM aihika jIvana sukhI thAya che ane paralokamAM paNa svargAdika sukha maLe che-evA hetuthI kharA dhArmika AtmAnI dharmamAM pravRtti thatI nathI. tema ja, dharma e Izvare manuSya upara mUkelI pharaja che, e pharaja adA na karIe te IzvaranA gunhegAra thaIe, e vicAra paNa pUrNa dhArmikatAne nathI. ekamAM naphA cheTAne hisAba heI, dharmanuM kharuM tatva je svArpaNa eno sarvathA abhAva che; bIjAmAM zuSkatA karatA tAbedArInA bhAvo AvI, dharmanA svarUpamAM Avasyaka je ullAsa Ananda ane vizuddha svAtaMtrya tenI kheTa rahe che. A baMne karatAM judo ja siddhAnta uparanA kAvyane che, ane e saMtoSakAraka che. jIvAtmA paramAtmA mATe "" che athata enI sarva bhAvanA paramAtmAbhimukhI che. enI buddhi paramAtmAnA svIkAra vinA saMtoSa pAmatI nathI; enuM hRdaya pitAne premarasa saMpUrNa anubhavavA mATe paramAtmAne avalaMbe che; enI kartavyabhAvanA paNa bIja tema ja phaLa rUpe dharmanI apekSA kare che. A vizva jema lAMbu pahoLuM--amuka AkRtivALuM-che, tema ja enA sukha upara caitanyanI jhalaka vyApI rahI che. enI AkRtine arthAta ene saMyogavibhAgAdi jaDadharmane khulAso jema jaDazAstra kare che, tema e caitanyanI jhalakano khulAse, enA aMtasmAM virAjatA paramAtmAnA svIkAramukhe brahmavidyA kare che. je nirIzvaravAdI ema kahe che ke khulAso zodhavA javuM e ja vyartha

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256 cAMdaliyo ni sAdhya prayatna che, ene te eTaluM ja kahevuM basa che ke e rIte te kaI paNa viSayamAM sAyansanA viSayamAM paNa khulAsAnI zodha brAntibhUlaka che. je brahmavidyA azakya che, to bhautika zAstro paNa eTalAM ja azakya che. ane A rIte je zAstra mAtra azaya TharAvavAmAM Ave to ene artha te eTale ja ke vinA kAraNe buddhirUpI dIvAne ja helavI nAMkhI sarvatra aMdhAruM che ane koI paNa padArtha che ja nahi ema kahevuM ! Avo prayatna buddhine mATe AtmaghAtI che. bIje nirIzvaravAdI kahe che ke jagatanA te te padArthamAM te kAryakAraNabhAva che, ane tethI eka kAryane enA kAraNadvArA khulAse Apa e khoTuM nathI, paNa samasta jagatanuM enI pahelAM Adi kAraNa mAnavuM e te anavasthA upajAvanAra pagaluM che; vaLI kAryakAraNubhAva jagatamAM ja anubhavAya che, mATe jagatamAM ja e pUrAI rahe joIe. A zaMkA yogya che, ane jeo Izvare jagatane amuka kALe utpanna karyuM ema mAne che temanA siddhAntane bAdhakAraka che. paNa jeo ene adhikAna-kAraNarUpa svIkAre che temanA matane A dalIla sparzI zakatI nathI. vedAntanuM brahma e kAryakAraNa rUpI sAMkaLane pahelo aMkeDe nathI, paNa e sAMkaLane astitva arpanA, enA upAdAnarUpe raheluM evuM, suvarNa che. trIje nirIzvaravAdI kahe che ke jaDa prakRtinA svIkArathI ja samasta jagatane khulAse thaI zake che. paNa A siddhAntane sUkSmatAthI tapAsatAM jaNAya che ke jema jAdUgara sonAnI mahora cAlAkIthI tamArA khIsAmAM nAkhI daI tyAMthI kADhI ApyAne DoLa kare che tema A nirIzvaravAdI jaDaprakRtimAM vizvacetanya kalpI laI emAMthI ja pAchuM kADhI batAve che ! vastutaH-jaDamAM dazakti nathI, ane tethI daphazaktine vegya je vizvavyavasthA te svataH karavA e asamartha che. vizva e game te rIte game te mArga pravaryuM jAya che ema nathI, paNa ene uddeza--enuM gantavyasthAna-enI AgaLa caLakI rahyuM che, ane e udezane anukula bhAge vizvanI pravRtti cAle che. A uddezanI amukatA cetananuM astitva siddha kare che.DArvina vagere "ivolyuzanavAdIo paNa "Adaptation ane "Natural Selection" AdinA niyamo dvArA jagatanI vyavasthAne khulAse karavAmAM paNa vastutaH cetanazaktinA svIkAranI ja paribhASA vApare che. pratyeka padArtha pitatAne anukUla paristhiti prApta kare che, ene yogya pite thAya che, anekamAMthI eka pasaMda karI le che, ItyAdi bhAva cetananI pravRttinI sAthe ja badhabesatA che. vartamAna jaDazAstra cetanazaktine nidhi

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cAMdaliyo 257 karyAne daMbha rAkhe che, paNa e ja jaDazAstroe vagarajAye cetanazaktinI adhikAdhika siddhi karI che. jaDavAdIthI taddana viruddha, chatAM Izvarane na mAnanAre evo, cotho nirIzvaravAdI kahe che ke "samasta jagata e hArI ja karelI sRSTi che." vaLI AjakAla keTaleka ThekANe A siddhAnta zAMkara vedAntane nAme cAle che eTale e vAde keTalIka pratiSThA paNa prApta karI che. paNa vastutaH zaMkarAcAryane vA emanA mukhya anuyAyIono paNa A siddhAnta nathI ema ame pUrNa AgrahathI pUrNa vicAra karIne pratipAdana karIe chIe. A vAdanI nirbaLatA svataHsiddha che. kezu kaheze ke samasta jagata e "hArI" zabdaaMtargata "huM" zabdanA saMkucita arthamAM mahArI ja karelI sRSTi che? e huM ja eka rIte e sRSTine bhAga nathI? e sRSTimAM pratyakSa thatA aneka niyamothI "huM" aneka rIte niyamita chuM ema pagale pagale anubhava thAya che. A anubhavane vyAghAta karI "huM" ja A jagatanuM kAraNa chuM ema mAnavuM e te zAMkaravijJAnavAdarUpI madhura ane manahara kAkSAne kahAvaDAvI, zaDAvI, enI madirA karI, pI, masta banI yathArtha vastunuM bhAna bhUlI javuM e zivAya bIjuM kAMI ja nathI. vaLI jovAnuM che ke huM zivAya sarvane uDAvI detAM "huM" paNa uDI jAya che, ane adhiSThAna zivAya bIjuM kAMI paNa avazeSa rahetuM nathI, ane A adhikAna e te hu mAM chatAM bahu thI para evo padArtha -arthAta brahmA, hu nahi. A rIte ApaNe joyuM ke nirIzvaravAda buddhine sarvathA agrAhya che. paNa jema buddhine agrAhya che tema ja-ane eka rIte kahIe to e karatAM paNa vadhAre-hadayane agrAhya che. A vAta jagatanA prathama kavi ane tattva cintakathI mAMDI cheka Tenisana ane sijavika jevA vartamAna samayanA zAnta ane niSpakSapAta kavi ane tatvacintaka paryanta aneka mahAna punA utArathI siddha karI apAya ema che. A vize bhAgye ja bahu matabheda *"Speak to him thou for He hears, and spirit with Spirit can meet. Closer is He than breathing, and nearer than hands and feet." Tennysor. " In Memorian has impressed upon him (Prof Sidgwick) the ineffaceable and ineradicable conviction that humanity will not and cannot acquiesce in a godless world." Mini (January 1901) p. 4. 33

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58 cAMdaliye najare paDe che, eTale upara buddhinI bAbatamAM jeTalA vistArathI uttara Apavo paDyo teTalA vistAranI atre apekSA nathI. tathApi eTaluM vicAravuM jarUranuM che ke paramAtmAne badale "satya" "saundarya" ane "sAdhutA' nI bhAvanAo ja pUjavAmAM Ave che tethI zuM hRdayane saoNSa na thAya ? vicAra karatAM jaNAya che ke A bhAvanAo bhAvI sthitinI kalpanA mAtra hoya to te hRdayane avalaMba na apa zake; e avalaMba maLavA mATe e bhAvanA nitya siddha hovI joIe--ane bhAvanAnI nityasiddhatA e ja paramAtmAnI siddhi! "satya" nathI te utpanna karavuM ema nahi paNa "satya che te bALI kADhavuM evA uddezathI satyAnveSIonI pravRtti thAya che. ane A sata e citane sApekSa heI satyajJAnasvarUpa paramAtmAnuM astitva batAve che. saundaryane uttamottama namUne paNa saundaryanI pUrNatAthI vidUra rahe che. ane aihika saundaryanuM dhyAna karatAM karatAM, e saundaryanuM adhiSThAna mAzuka, dhyAtAnI AgaLa paramAtmArUpa banI jAya che, e e ja batAve che ke niHsIma saundarya ja, para ane parama saundarya ja-hadayane rasa pUrepUre jhIlI zake che, e ja ene satAvI zake che. vaLI sAdhu purUSonAM uttamottama daSTAna leze te emAM paNa jaNAze ke jyAre sAdhutA joDe brahmabhAva joDAya che, tyAre ja e sAdhutA hRdayane pUrepUrI saMtoSaprada thAya che. jUo ke kRNa buddha krAIsTa Adi pucho brahmabhAve--IzvararUpe- ja jagatamAM pUjAya che! paNa A sAthe e smaraNamAM rAkhavAnuM che ke bhAvanAnI pUrNatA A jagatathI taddana vyatirikta sthAne -jagatathI bhinna IzvaramAM-siddha che ema nathIH jagatathI para hovA chatAM e jagatamAM ja siddha che. arthAta je bhAvanA jagatathI para che te ja bhAvanA jagatanAM satya saundarya ane sAdhutvamAM, kusumamAM sUtranI mAphaka ke taNakhAmAM agninI mAphaka, pravezI rahI che. arthAta A je je satya sandarya ane sAdhutvanuM darzana thAya che e vastutaH e paramAtmArUpI satya sundara ane sAdhu padArthanuM ja darzana che. mAtra te te satya sundara ane sAdhu padArthone te te rUpe na bhajatAM eka akhaMDa sacita-Ananda paramAtmArUpe bhajo ene sAkSAtakAra kare, e jIvanane, astitvano parama uddezaemAM ja jIvananuM jIvanapaNuM, astitvanuM astitvapaNuM. dayane jarApa- ja gatathI te vaiAra te tyAM sudhI kahe che "If there were no God, it would be necessary to invent one." (Izvara che, paNa kadAca na hoya te kalpI levAnI jarUra che.)

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cAMdaliye 259 buddhi ane hRdaya paramAtmAnuM astitva mAgI le che e ApaNe joyuM. kartavyabhAvanA paNa enI ja apekSA kare che e have joIe. kartavya karma karavuM ja joIe e vidhi kyAMthI AvyA? e vidhi janasamAje karyo? A janasamAja amuka bAbatamAM viSamagAmI che, ane e kahe che te nahi paNa mAruM mAnavuM satya che" ema AgrahapUrvaka aneka mahAna purUe kahyuM che, duHkha veThayAM che, ane janasamAjano uddhAra karavA yatna karyo che. emanI kartavyabhAvanA batAve che ke vidhiniSedha janasamAjamAMthI nahi paNa bIje ja koI sthAnethI Ave che. vaLI e paNa jovAnuM che ke vidhiniSedha janasamAjamAMthI ja siddha thatA heya te janasamAjanI uttarottara vRddhi ja na saMbhave. janasamAjamAM je citanya pratyakSa siddha thaeluM hoya che e karatAM adhika ane paraMtara caitanyazakti che ke je e janasamAjanI jarUrIAto tRpta karavA mATe ane unnata bhUmikAe caDhAvavA mATe enA agraNe mahApunA aMtamAM vidhiniSedha prere che. A citanyazakti te ja paramAtmA. A kartavyabhAvane prakRtimAMthI Ave che? prakRti te sukhaduHkhanA rAgadeva utpanna karI zake, e rAgadevane anAdara karavAnI AjJA prakRtimAMthI maLatI nathI. keTalIkavAra sukhane anAdara karavAnuM e ApaNane kahe che ema lAge che, paNa jeze te emAM prayojana e eTaluM ja batAve che ke e sukha pariNAme duHkharUpa ja che mATe; arthAta sukhaduHkha karatAM anya dvandAtIta parama udeza darzAvavAnI prakRtimAM zakti nathI; ane kartavyabhAvanA te e atIta dazA prApta karavAmAM ja rahelI che; mATe kartavyabhAvanA pravRtijanya na hoI zake. hajI eka kalpanA saMbhave che. e vidhi "me' ja karyo ema nahi ? be ja karyo hoya te e vidhirUpa kema anubhavAya? icchArUpa anubhavAvo joIe ' vidhinuM vidhitva enA anya taraphathI vihita thavAmAM, utarI AvavAmAM, samAeluM che. mATe siddha che ke A vidhi "meM utpanna karelo nathI. paraMtu A vidhinI vilakSaNatA jotAM, jIvamAM enAthI atyanta bhinna evo Izvara e bhAvanA utpanna kare che ema paNa kahI zakAtuM nathI. A vilakSaNatA te e ke kartavyabhAvanA vidhirUpa che, icchArUpa nathI, chatAM paNa e eka rAjAnA hukama jevo vidhi nathI. e vidhi AcaravAmAM AtmA dabANa anubhavatA nathI paNa svAtanyane Ananda mAne che; "have ja huM mahArA kharA taravamAM Avya" ema anubhave che-arthAta jIvathI para

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260. cAMdaliye ane jIvamAM e kaIka padArtha A bhAvanA prere che. eja rIte samAjanA cAlatA nItiniyamo upara manana karatAM emAM paNa keTalIka kartavyabhAvanA siddha thaelI che, tathA thavI bAkI rahe che. prakRti paNa kartavyabhAvanA siddha thavAnuM sthAna che. eTaluM ja nahi paNa emAMthI paNa e saMbadhe upagI bedha maLe che. A rIte jemAMthI e bhAvanAne avatAra che e tattva sarvathA jIva samAja ane prakRtithI bhinna nathI, paNa tatarUpa-svatathI para chatAM tarUpa che. A vAta upaniSadomAM aneka sthaLe darzAvI che. A pramANe manuSya AtmA-enI buddhi, enuM hRdaya, enI kartavyabhAvanA-sarveze paramAtmAnI apekSA kare che, ApaNuM kAvyane zabda vAparI belIe te ene mATe e utsuka banI ruve cheene potAne karavA yatna kare che. paNa ene pitAne karI zake che khare?--ene uttara cAMdalio AkAze vahAlA kAma karI levAya?" na ja levAya. AgaLa kavi kahe che - "thALImAM jaLa bhariyuM mAMhi, cAMdaliyA dAkhyo; narasene svAmI zAmaLiye, raDato rAkhyo." bhAyAmAM brahmanuM pratibimba paDI brahma saguNa bane che, tyAre ja ene manuSya grahI zake che, viSaya karI zake che. paNa nirguNa ane saguNa evI be bhinna vastuo nathI, eka ja vastunuM be rUpe kathana cheH svasvarUpamAM, paramArcasvarUpamAM, je nirguNa che te ja ApaNuM jJAna bhakti AdinA viSayarUpe saguNa che. eka ja vastunAM be rUpa che ema paNa nathI, kAraNa eka akhaMDa brahmamAM be rUpa hovAne saMbhava ja nathI. eka vastunuM be rUpe kathana mAtra che. emAM paNa saguNa ja mukhya kathanaviSaya che, nirguNa te adhikAna mAtra hAI "naiti nati Adi vAkayo vaDe phakta lakSaNAdhArA kathAya che. paNa Ama je e niSedhamukhe ja siddha hoya to daitApatti thAya; kAraNa ke eka saguNa, ane bIjuM saguNa nahi te-athAta nirguNa-ema be Thare. mATe ati "sacArA grA" "tamira" "sAkSAta apAta sa' ityAdi vAkayo vaDe ene bhAvasvarUpe pratipAdana kare che, ane nirguNa e ja saguNa che ema varNave che. A rIte "sarvAdhika " ityAdi vAkAnI "rAma paramahavmacaMda" ItyAdinI sAthe pUrNa saMgati che eTaluM ja nahi, paNa eka bIjA vinA haeNtApati utpanna kare che.

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cAMdaliyA 1 r A rIte sadguNa-nirguNanA saMbandha samajI letAM aneka bhrAntio dUra thaze. eka te e samajAze ke saguNa e mANasane bhaya dekhADI dharmAcaraNamAM rAkhavA mATe UbhuM kareleA padArtha che, ema nathI. eka ' kalpita ' che ane khIjAM 'vAstavika ' che ema kahevAya che kharUM paNa (1) vedAnta Ave prasaMge je kalpita ' zabda vApare che temAM mUla avidyA thakI kalpita' ema kahevA Icche che. (2) 'kalpanA' vastunA dekhItA svarUpanI che, arthAt guNAnI che, guNAthI para gAjatA paramArthe adhiSThAna-rUpa udadhine e sparzI zakatI nathI. tAtparya ke A rIte jIva ane jagat mithyA Dare che, paNa brahma nilaiMpa satya akhASita rahe che. (3) tyAre brahma ( ni`Na brahma ) te kadI jaNAvAnuM ja nahi? na jaNAya, jo e jIva ane jagatanI pelI pAra ja hAya tA. paNa jema e para che tema ja e pratyakSa che; pratyakSathI para evI vastu che; ane para e ja vastu pratyakSa che. A vastusthiti jANavI, anubhavavI e vedAntanuM parama rahasya che. manuSya kalpe che evA ja paramAtmA che, athavA teA e nitya andhakAramAM vITAelA hAI manuSyathI jaNAI zake evA ja nathI, A baMne siddhAnta kheATA che. paNa baMnenA yeAgya aMzAne jemAM saMgraha thAya che te ApaNe vedAnta siddhAnta che ane te uparanA kAvyamAM matAvyA che. prephesara nAiTa eka sthaLe DIka ja kahe che ke"We need not reject a single anthropomorphic notion, but utilize each one, and then transcend them all, nay, we may use them with the view of transcending them and then returning to their use". rr taddUre cAntike'pi tat " e zAstra vAkaya paNa e ja pratipAdana kare che. sudarzana. I. sa. 1901 eprila

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21 " devAsura-saMgrAma ke "devAsura--saMgrAma" bhaktine meArace bhaDa phrAya AMgame, raNasaMgrAme pada kAka rAkhe; satyataNuM pArakhuM jue jyAre zAmaLA, duHkha sukha nAve maranI ! daiva kApe. prathama satayugamAM prahlAdane pIDiyA, bhIDiyeA thaMbha te leAha tAtA; (tAye) dhIra nava dhaDiyA bhayathI nava bhaDikayeA, kiyA zeSa trailokya jAtA. mArUdhvajane ve'ratAM me'ra nAvI mA'vane, jhera ApyuM te badhI jagat jANe; kaheA zira upara karavata me'lAviyAM, ekI kAre dIkarA ne vahu eya tANe. zehera cheDI cAliyAM melyAM madira ne mALiyAM, rANI rAhIdAsa ne harizcaMdra rAjA; bhaktine kAraNe svapacane khAraNe, narapati nIra bharyuM na melI mAjhA, khaLI sAthe chaLa karyAM, vAmana thaI paravaryAM, AgaLa AvI karagaryAM bhUmi mAgI; zukrAcArye vAriyA teAya haiyethI nava hAriye, rAkhiyA dharmane tana tyAgI. pAMDava paNa grahI rahyA, asAmarthe thaI rahyA, hatA sAmartha paNa vacane cAlA; satItAM cIra haryuM. pAMce vana paryAM, duSTa durgaMdhana mAluMmAM mAlyA. karaNa pAse jAcavA kRSNujI AviyA, viThThale viJanuM rUpa lIdhuM; bha.1 bha. 2 bha. 3 bha. 4 bha. p bharuM

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devAsura-saMgrAma" 10. 7 bANanI sajA karI teNe sAme AvyA hari, rakta dhUI rekhuMnuM dAna dIdhuM. samana ne mejana be saMtanA eligu, moTI dazAmAM jeNe mana gALyAM; apatta AvI ghaNuM te same AvI baNuM, zIza arpaNa karI satya pALyAM. bha. 8 zeTha sagALane bALa vaidhAviyuM, dhaNuM padhAyI ja e dharma jevA; narane nArI bhaLI khAMDavA beThAM vaLI, ke, satyavAdI bese kema ravA. bha0 9 corAsI matamAM satya ema pALavuM, te cAra jugamAM tene keNu lope; bhejala bhaktinuM rUpa bahu bhAtanuM, A loka paralokamAM e ja epe. bha0 10 bheje je vIra puruSo rudhiranI tRNathI nahi paNa svadeza khAtara raNayajJamAM prANa home che teone dhanyavAda he' emanI ujjavala kIrti jagatane pAvana karanArI che, svArthatyAgane upadeza ApI sarvAtmabhAva tarapha doranArI che. tathApi emanA pavitra yazane jarA paNa nyUna darzAvyA vinA, ApaNe kahI zakIzuM ke A pUla raNasaMgrAma karatAM aneka ghaNe vikaTa evo sUkSma raNasaMgrAma manuSyahRdayamAM vAraMvAra cAlyA kare che, ane te helAIthI daSTigecara thato nathI temAM eka kAraNa e che ke, zruti kahe che tema ApaNI indriye pahelethI ja "parADu"-mukhI nAma bahirmukhI banI rahI che; ane antarmukhI vRtti karyA vinA AdhyAtmika jhaghaDAo najare na paDe e svAbhAvika che. paNuM A uparAnta, Ama thavAnuM eka bIjuM kAraNa paNa vicAra karatAM samajAya che. aneka pUrva janmanI AsurI saMpate ApaNuM AtmA upara potAnuM sAmrAjya evuM to jambara sthApI dIdhuM che ke je ke vAstavika rIte e-AtmA-pite ja gAdIne dhaNI che chatAM e vAta bhUlI jaI e AsurI saMpatane vaza thaI rahevAmAM ja pitAnI kRtakRtyatA samaje che ! + " parAzci khAni vyatRNatsvayaMbhUH" upaniSad - - - - - - - - - - -

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164 " devAsura-saMgrAma " kharekhara, ApaNAM AMtara yuddo lagabhaga nahi jevAM ja pratIta thAya che. paNa tema thavAnuM eka kAraNa ApaNuM ajJAna, ApaNI adhamatA, ApaNA pAratantyamAM mAnele khATA Ananda, e ja che. yuddha karatAM zAnti ezaka vadhAre sArI, paNa te ' sAmrAjya 'nI~~~puramAtmArUpe saMsthita AtmAnA svarAjyanI--zAnti heAya te| ja. yuddhanI sthiti A zAnti karatAM utaratIH paNa * AsurI saMpata 'ne zaraNe paDI rahI, anAtmabhAvamAM DUbI jaI je zAnti meLavAya che enA karatAM tA A yuddha sahasragaNuM sArUM. A rIte AtmAnI traNa sthiti che, jemAMnI pahelI chellInA jevI dekhAtI paNa vastutaH ethI taddana jUdI ja che.------ (1) pAratantyarUpa zAnti (2) yuddha (3) svAtantya rUpa zAnti A vAta ApaNA antamAM vAravAra manana karI draDhAvavA jevI che ke ApaNA vedAnta-siddhAnta game te rIte game tevI zAMti prApta karavAnA nathI, paNa AsurI saMpat sAthe yuddha karI, jaya meLavI, svAtantyarUpa zAMti prApta karavAnA che. sarva purANe! samasta mahAbhArata ane vizeSe karI bhagavad gItAmAMthI ApaNane e ja upadeza prApta thAya che. purANAmAM " devAsurasaMgrAma " e mukhya varNananA viSaya che. TUMkAmAM A kathA A pramANe cheH--vRtra nAme daityAnA rAjA che, ane enI sAthe devAnA rAjA IndranuM yuddha thAya che. dadhIcaRSinA asthinuM vajra banAvavAmAM Ave te e vajrathI vRtrAsurane mArI zakAya ema jaNAtAM, indra dadhIcaRSi pAse jaI emanAM asthinI bhikSA mAge che. svAthaeNtyAganI mUrtirUpa e maharSi peAtAnA deha tyajI de che, indra emanA asthinuM vajra banAve che ane e vajrathI vRtrAsurane mAre che; vaLI indra ane daityAnA yuddhamAM indrane pagale pagale viSNunI madada levAnI jarUra paDe che, ane enI madathI ja e daityA upara jaya meLave che. atre " deva '4 ane ' asura e ApaNI zubha ane azubha vRttiA prakAranI AdhyAtmika arthapati peAlakalpita che ema kAI kaheze. parantu ema kahenArane eTaluM dhyAnamAM levA vina`ti che ke--nirukatakAra yAskamuninI paNa agAu e arthapaddhati pracalita hatIH cheka brAhmaNa ane upaniSamAM paNa e maLe che. ane e kUMcI (working hypo

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devAsura-saMgrAma" 265 enAM rUpaka che e te sarvavidita che. paNa e daivAsura saMgrAmanI vizeSa hakIkatamAM utaratAM, keTaleka vadhAre jhINe bodha maLI zake che, je vicAravA jevo che. vRtra ane indra vaccenuM yuddha e AvaraNarUpa ajJAna ane jIvAtmA vaccenuM yuddha che. svArthatyAga (dadhIcaRSi) vinA pApa (9tra)no nAza saMbhavata nathI eTaluM ja nahi paNa vizeSamAM, "InDa (jIvAtmA-, zu uparathI, jenA uparathI vaLI Indriya' zabda paNa thayo che) "viSNu ( sarvavyApaka paramAtmA, viza dhAtu uparathI) nA sAmarthya thakI ja vRtra daitya" (vo khaMDa-kakaDA karo, ane -AcchAdAna karavuM uparathI khaMDa -tabuddhi-janya AvaraNarUpa ajJAna, pApavRtti) ne saMhAra karavA zakti mAna thAya che. kAraNa spaSTa che. AtmAmAM kAMI paNa brahmabhAva prakaTe tyAre thesis) thI ghaNuM tALAM ughaDI jAya che-ghaNuM asvAbhAvika lAgatI vAte svAbhAvika thaI jAya che. A rIte AdhyAtmika satyo pratipAdana karavAnI rIta atyAre cAlatI pAzcAtya keLavaNInI asaramAM ApaNane game teTalI vicitra lAge, paNa eTaluM smaraNamAM rAkhavAnuM che ke prAcInakALamAM e sarvatra rUDha hatI ema jagatanA prAcIna grantha jotAM jaNAya che. kicana thiolojInA abhyAsake paNa sAkSI pUrI zakaze ke A paddhatine emAM sArI peThe upayoga thayo che ane thAya che, ane te svIDanabarga jevAnA paMthamAM ja nahi paNa IgleMDanA "sTeTa carca" (rAjya mAnelA saMpradAye) tathA Tenisana vagere kavioe paNa svIkArI che. zekaspIaranAM nATakanI kharI mahattA paNa A paddhatine anusaratAM ja samajAya che. sarvane suvidita che ke enAM pAtro e strIpurUSa ja nathI paNa mUrtimanta bhAvo che; enAM nATake e sthUla vyavahAranuM varNana nathI, paNa AdhyAtmika satyanuM pratyakSIkaraNa che. ane e ja rIte mahAbhArata purANuM vagerenuM paNa che. jarUra mAtra eTalI ja che ke jeTalA bhAna prema ane AdarapUrvaka pazcima prajAomAM zekaspIarane abhyAsa thAya che teTalA ja mAna prema ane AdarapUrvaka ane abhyAsa thavo joIe. atre eTaluM umeravuM joIe ke jyAM tyAM eka kalpI be artha kADhavA ema amAruM kahevuM nathI. e rIte te bahudhA kalakalpanA ja upajavA saMbhava che. paNa granthakartAnA bhAvamAM tanmaya thaI UMDA UtarI jatAM, keka e apUrva prakAza sarvatra vyApI rahelo upalabdha thAya che ke jeNe karI sthUla daSTine agamya evA nigUDha bhAvo hastAmalakata pratyakSa dekhAya che. A prakAza prApta kara eTaluM ja ane vaktavya che. 34

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266 devAsura-saMgrAma" ja e ajJAna-pApa-upara jaya meLavI zake che. jIvAtmA kSaNavAra pApa mahAme Ubho rahe paNa jyAM sudhI emAM chavabhAva-ahaMbhAva-kAyama che, ane sarvAtmabhAva Avyo nathI, tyAM sudhI pApane saMhAravA e azakta che. advaitabhAvanA e ja eka evo manna che ke je vaDe pApavRtti upara kharekhara jaya meLavAya, ane ene mULamAMthI ucchinna karI zakAya. TUMkAmAM IndramAM viSNu prakaTAvavA, pApa hAme yuddhamAM utaranAra AtmabaLavALA jIvamAM sarvAtmabhAva upajAvo e ja, "AsurI saMpata' nA vinAzanuM kharuM sAdhana che. mahAbhAratanI kathA paNa A yuddhanuM rUpaka che. dhRtarASTra rUpa abdha ajJAna ApaNA AtmAnuM "rASTra (rAjya) dhArI" (pakaDI) beThelo che. paraMtu e ekale kAMI paNa karavA samartha nathI. "duryodhana' e ajJAna-janya prabala pApAtmaka bhAva che, ane e "AsurI saMpata ' no rAjA che. jema eka pAsa "bhImarUpa atulabalavALo AtmA ene "suyodhana" nAme saMbaMdhe e ucita che, tema bIjI pAsa vizvanA asaMkhya jIvone te enI sAthe yuddha karavuM atIva kaThina hoI enuM nAma "duryodhana paDe e paNa gya ja che. vaLI atre e samajavA jevuM che ke kevala "duryodhana rUpa pApa, e yudhiSThirarUpa AtmAnI sthira dharmabuddhi, "arjuna rU5 ujajavala guNa, "bhImarUpa prauDhabala ane sahadeva-nakularUpa kauzalya hAme kSaNavAra paNa TakI zakavA azakta che. sAmA yuddhamAM utaravA mATe ene mULa devI prakRtivALA paNa pitAne bhUlI beThelA nimakahalAlI vA atidayAthI derAelA evA karNa-droNabhamAdikanI jarUra paDe che. tAtparya ke pApa paNa savRttinI madada laIne ja pitAnuM zeDuM ghaNuM paNa kAma karI zake che. ApaNI AsapAsa tema ja ApaNuM antara tarapha najara pheravatAM jaNAya che ke aneka durAcAra sadAcArane hAne vA sadAcAranI sAthe bhaLIne pravarte che. paNa Akhare kRSNa bhagavAna rUpI paramAtmAnI sAhAsyathI zubha vRttio azubha vRttio upara jaya meLave che, ane A rIte mahAbhAratanuM yuddha satpakSanA vijayamAM paryavasAna pAme che. AvAM AvAM asaMkhya rahasya pAMDava kauravanA yuddha rUpe A mahAna granthamAMthI churI Ave che. zrImadbhagavaditAne paNa spaSTa e ja upadeza che. arjuna rUpI ujajavaLa paNa apUrNa samajaNavALe AtmA yuddhane prasaMge udAsIna thaI besI rahevuM gya dhAre che. vedAntanA avicArI pratipakSIo tathA keTalAka sArA paNa bhrAnta vedAntIo paNa A rIte ja udAsInatAne vedAntasiddhAnta samaje

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devAsura-saMgrAma" 267 che. arthAta, bhale kadAcita pApa thaI jAo, ethI mane zuM?" ema dhArI pApanI hAme na thatAM pApanI upekSA karavAmAM, pApane vijya thatuM hoya te temAM paNa ISTApatti mAnavAmAM, vedAntasiddhAntanuM anusaraNa thayu mAne che. paNa vastutaH evo vedAntasiddhAnta ja nathI ema samajAvavAne vizvaguru zrI kRSNa bhagavAnane Azaya che. karavo bhale jIto -arthAta pApa bhale vijayI thAo-ema zAnti mATe ati utsuka janenI vRtti thAya; paNa pApa upara jaya meLavavo e ja kharU kartavya che, ane emAM dekhAtI pravRtti kharuM jotAM vedAntanI zAntine bAdhaka nathI ema gItAne upadeza che. atre dhyAnamAM rAkhavAnuM che ke phalAbhisandhirahita game te pravRtti thAo ema gItAnuM kahevuM nathI; gItAnuM kahevuM evuM che ke paramAtmAnI AjJArUpI zAstrane anusaravAmAM, ane pApapakSa ke jene paramAtmAe vastutaH pahelethI ja haNa mUka che enA vinAzanA "nimitta mAtra' thavAmAM, AbhA kaluSita thata nathI; eTaluM ja nahi paNa enI IcchA je hamezAM pApanA vinAza mATe jAgrata hoya che, tene anusaravAmAM sagAM sabandhIne paNa vicAra karavAno nathIH paNa sarvamA mAtra zarta eTalI ja che ke "mahuM pApa hAme yuddha karI jaya meLavyo" evuM kartavAbhimAna hovuM na joIe, ane e jayajanya je phaLa te bane che e phalAbhisabdhi hovo na joIe. ulaTuM tene badale, upara sUcavyuM tema, "pApane vinAza je paramAtmAe AraMbhathI ja nima mUke che tenI siddhimAM huM to nimitta mAtra chu ema ja pApa upara vijaya meLavanAre dhAravuM joIe; tathA e kharuM jotA meM meLavyo nathI, paNa paramAtmAe ja meLavyo che, te pachI enA phaLa upara mAro haka paNa zo?" arthAta phalAbhisandhi paNa ayogya che ema enI samajaNa thavI joIe. A rIte pApa hAme yuddha karI meLavelI zakti e ja kharI vedAntanI zAnita che. A yuddha kevI rIte udbhave che e joIe; ApaNe buddhipuraHsara je je kR karIe chIe te karavAmAM ApaNuM AgaLa be mArga upasthita hoya che eka di ne ane eka "'ne-arthAta eka kartavyane ane eka sukhane. sukha ane kartavya e be bhinna padArtha che. sukha e kartavya hAI zake, kartavya e sukha hoI zake paNa saghaLAM sukha e kartavya nathI, ane saghaLAM kartavya e sukha nathI; jo ke vastu te kartavya e ja kharuM sukha che. varatugati evI che ke ApaNe jyAre jyAre kartavya ane sukhanI vacce

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68 "devAsura-saMgrAma" - AvI paDIe chIe tyAre ApaNI malina vAsanAo ApaNane kartavyane chAMDI sukha sAdhavA tarapha dore che, ane kartavya pitAnuM svarUpa ApaNI AgaLa prakTa karI tathA pitAne haka nivedana karI UbhuM rahe che; pUrvanAM zubha karmothI vA paramAtmAnI kRpAthI utpanna thaelI zubha vAsanA pitAnuM baLa malina vAsanA hAme ajamAve che. A zubhAzubha--daivI ane AsurIsaMpata nuM yuddha thAya che, te ApaNe taTastha rahIne jayAM ja karavAnuM che ema nathI. bemAMthI eka tarapha thayA vinA ApaNo chUTake nathI, ane emAMthI kayI tarapha ApaNe thaIe chIe emAM ApaNuM sArAnarasApaNuM, vedAntanI paribhASAmAM ApaNe "Atma-anAtmabhAva, ApaNuM zreya"--raheluM che. yogavAsikamAM, jyAre rAme vasiSamunine kahyuM ke - " prAktanaM vAsanAnAlaM niyojayati mAM yathA / mune tathaiva tiSThAmi kRpaNaH kiM karomyaham // " "he mune ! pUrva janmanI vAsanAjALa (dhamadharma-saMskAra) ane jema prere che tema huM ubho rahuM chuM. huM kRpaNabicAre zuM karuM?" tyAre vasiSTha uttara Apyo ke - svaprayatnopanItena pauruSeNaiva nAnyathA // " bhATe-pUrva janmanI vAsanAjALathI tu baddha che ane eno preryo prerAya che mATe ja--e jALane chedI zAzvata zreya pAmavA sArU svaprayatna thakI prApta karelA paurupanI jarUra che. e vinA zreya prApta karAtuM nathI." pachI vasiya muni savistara upadeza kare che ke - " trividha vAsanAgU sumavAsuma te | prAktano vidyate rAma dvayorekataro'thavA // vAsanauvena zuddhana tatra cedapanIyase / tatkrameNAzu tenaiva padaM prApsyasi zAzvatam // atha cedazubho bhAvastvAM yojayati saGkaTe / prAktanastadasau yatnAjetavyo bhavatA svayam // zubhAzubhAbhyAM mArgAbhyAM vahantI vAsanAsarit / pauruSeNa prayatnena yojanIyA zubhe pathi // " bhAvArtha-pUrva janmane vAsanAbUha be prakArane heAya cheH zubha ane azubha. zubha vAsanApravAhathI kheMcAvAmAM bAdha nathI. e vaDe krame karI

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devAsura-saMgrAma" 269 zIdhra zAzvata pada prApta thAya che. je azubha vAsanA kheMcatI hoya te yatnapUrvaka e upara jaya meLava, ane e vAsanAnI saritAne zubha mArge vALavI. A zubha ane azubha vAsanAo jaDa zakitao tarIke mahAmahAmI UbhI rahIne bemAM je adhika te jIte che ane nyUna e hAre che, ane AtmAne emAM kAMIja levA devA nathI, ema nathI; baMne potapitAnuM sAmarthya laI AtmA AgaLa upasthita thAya che, ane AtmA emanA jyaparAjayamAM nimitta thaI sAre khoTe thAya che. jema jema zubha vAsanA navAM navAM kartavya karmo karavAthI puSTa thatI jAya che tema tema ene jaya vadhAre hele thAya che, ane Akhare pUrNa saMta puruSamAM enI zakti eTalI badhI vadhelI hoya che ke enAmAM azubha vAsanAnA jyane prasaMga sarakho paNa rahetuM nathI. ene AtmA zubha vAsanAthI ja bharapUra hoI emAM pUrNa zAnti vyApI rahe che, ane tethI ApaNe je "yuddha" kahyuM te enAmAM jarA paNa utpanna thatuM nathI. je sAdhAraNa sArA manuSyamAM viveka-vicAranuM pariNAma hoya che e ja pUrNa saMta-dazAmAM svabhAvasiddha thAya che. kahyuM che ke - " vidhAsthitaye prAgye sAdhanabhUtAH prayatnaniSpAdyAH lakSaNabhUtAstu punaH svAbhAvataste sthitAH sthitaprajJe // " arthAta, pUrve je jJAnanA sAdhanabhUta guNe prayatna karI utpanna karAya che te ja sthitaprajJamAM lakSaNa rU5 thaI svabhAvataH rahe che. paNa A dazA prApta karatAM pahelAM, asaMkhya "raNe laDhavAnAM che; ane te bheje kahe che tema bhaktine morace-arthAta paramAtmA prati niratizaya prema khAtara laDhavAnAM che; te paNa jema tema zithilatAthI nahi, paNa raNasaMgrAmamAM "pada ropI" ne laDhavAnAM che. e raNamAM asaMkhya duHkha AvavAnAM, ane prahAre sahana karavAnA, amApa rudhiranI rela cAlavAnI, paNa ethI zuM? "maranI daiva kepe ! e te sukha duHkha AvyAM mAnato ja nathI; enI e vIrane leza bhAra paNa darakAra nathI. e "raNa"thI vimukha thavuM e kAyara paNuM che, emAM "AgamavuM-jhaMpalAvavuM--e bhaDa'nuM kAma che. "In the world's broad field of battle, In the bivouac of life, Be not like dumb driven cattle, Be a liero in the strife." Longfellow sudarzana, I. sa. 1901-jUna

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ago cAra guruo cAra guruo What is that, Mother - The lark, my child ! The morn has but just looked out, and smiled, When he starts from his humble grassy nest, And is up and away, with the dew on his bieast, And a hymn in his heart to yon pure, bright sphere, To warble it out in his Maker's ear. Evei, my child, be thy morn's first lays, Turned, like the laik's, to thy Maker's praise, What is that; Mother P-The dove, my son ! And that low, sweet voice, like a widow's moan, Is flowing out from her gentle breast, Constant and puie, by that lonely nest, As the wave is poured from some crystal urn, For her distant dear one's quick return: Ever, my son, be thou like the dove, In friendship as faithful, as constant in love. What is that, Mother --The eagle, boy! Proudly careering his course of joy: Firm, on his own mountain-vigour relying, Breasting the dark storm, the red bolt defying, His wing on the wind, and his eye on the sun, He swerves not a hair, but bears onward, right on. Roy, may the eagle's flight ever be thine, Onward, and upward, and true to the line. What is that, Mother ?--The swan, my love ! He is floating down from his native grove; No loved one now, no nestling nigh, He is floating down, by himself to die: Death darkens his eye, and unplumes his wings: Yet his sweetest song is the last he sings. Live so, my love, that when death shall come, Swan-like and sweet, it may waft thee home. Doane

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cAra guruo 27 zrImadbhAgavatamAM dattAtreya mahArAjanI kathA che-emAM zrI dattAtreye pRthvI, parvata, samudra bhramara Adi covIsa vastuone guru karyAnI vAta che. ApaNuM zAstromAM cheka vedanA samayathI, vizvanA vividha padArthone ane AkhA vizvane guru karI emAMthI bedha prApta karavAne saMpradAya che; ane jyAM sudhI prAkRta manuSyane gurusthAne sthApI enI vicArazaMkhalAmAM ziSyone AtmA badhAto nahoto tyAM sudhI hiMdusthAnanI budi pUrNa jAhojalAlImAM hatI. zrImata zaMkarAcAryuM jyAre saMnyAsa dIkSA lIdhI, tyAre emanA gurue emane, eka ajavALI rAtrie narmadA kinAre besI, AsapAsanA bhavya ane sundara padArthomAMthI uttama bodha tAravI Apyo hato. A prAcIna paddhatine anusarI uparanA aMgrejI kAvyamAM batAve upadeza ApaNe grahaNa karIzuM. eka bAlaka enI mAtAne pUche che ke "mA, peluM zuM che?" "mA, peluM zuM che?"....enA uttaramAM mAtA kahe che ke A caMLa pakSI che." A kapata pakSI che,' "A garuDa che,' A rAjahaMsa che : ane e cAremAMthI je je bedha levAnA che e bahu madhura ane gaMbhIra rIte batAve che. kharekhara, manuSyamAM je caDoLa pakSInI ucca-paramAtmAbhimukha--abhilAvA Ave, kapita pakSIne daDha ekanika prema Ave, garuDanA jevo aneka tekAnamAM thaI pasAra thavAne kartavya-Agraha Ave, ane rAjahaMsa jevI mRtyu samaye zveta zAnta ane gaMbhIra zAnti Ave-te enuM jIvana kevuM pUrNa thAya " caMDoLapakSI, prAtaHkALe, sUryanAM kiraNa pRthvIne raMgavA mAMDe che te samaye vA tethI paNa kAMIke pahelAM, enA mALAmAMthI nIkaLI paroDhanI jhAkaLathI chavAelu, AkAza tarapha UDe che-ane AnandapUrvaka paramAtmAnA mahimAnuM gAna kare che. zuM manuSya upara e pharaja nathI? "pharaja zA mATe? manuSyane khare, svAbhAvika, uttamottama Ananda-enA AtmAnuM gAna-te paramAtmAbhimukha thaI vizvanI bhUmikAmAM prakaTa thatAM enAM nAmadAra eno mahimA gAve e ja che. je manuSyane e vizAla sattva cetanya ane AnandanuM bhAna nathI, enuM jIvana kevuM khaDita, nirjIva, nIrasa che zruti kahe che ke "sava samiti 3rati veta"--je brahma nathI ema jANe che e pote ja nathI thAya che. yathArtha kahe che. je manuSya pitA karatAM adhika sarva-zakita svIkAratA nathI; e potAnA anubhavanI viruddha jAya che, ahaMrUpI hAnI kulaDImAM akhaMDa brahmAMDano samAveza karavA yatna kare che; are! e pote pitAnA ja nidhi kare che, kAraNa ke vizAla

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ra7ra cAra guruo sarva-zakti che te ja enuM sApekSa A alpa, maryAdita che. A sattvazakita jaDa nathI, cetana che, citanyaghana che, cetanyarUpa che, caitanyamAtra che. zuM mArI AsapAsa A vizALa sacarAcara brahmAMDa patharAeluM huM jouM chuM, e daphazaktihIna (abdha, blind ) che?--enAmAM aNue aNue, ane AkhA tannamAM ekatrita, kAMI artha rahelo nathI? e artha kheMcI le te AkhuM vizva asata arthahIna-jene mATe zabda paNa rahe nathI--evuM zUnya thaI rahe. paNa e zunya nathI e ApaNe joIe chIe, anubhavIe chIe; te ene arthahIna kema manAya ? arthahIna nathI- tAtparyahIna nathI ema kahevAnI sAthe ja svIkArAI jAya che ke emAM caitanya parevAeluM che. sarva zAstroitihAsa, kAvya, philasuphI-e A caitanyanI vyAptine aMgIkAra karIne ja pravarte che. A citanya jaDa sAthe bAhya saMbandhathI joDAeluM nathI, tema dAbaDI ane hIrAnI mAphaka eka bIjAnI mAMhya nathI, paNa jaDa e caitanyanuM pratIka-mukhAkRti che. citanyanI bhASA che-arthAta jaDa ane citanya ema be nathI, paNa citanya mAtra bele che ja. e vAtane, bIjI rIte,-jaitanya jaDarUpe prakaTa thAya che ema ApaNe kahIe chIe. citanya bele che eno artha ke ApaNe samajI zakIe evA prakAranI pravRttirUpe dekhA de che, ane e pravRttimAM enuM svarUpa samajAya che; Ama paramAtmAne pitAne vilAsa e ja A akhila brahmAMDa cheH brahmAMDa e enA vilAsanuM pariNAma nathI, paNa enA vilAsa rUpa ja che. je A vizvane enA vilAsanuM pariNAma mAne che, ene paramAbhAnuM pratyakSa darzana nathI; e mANasa te paramAtmAne badale e jaDa saMcA tarapha najara karI rahyo che. paNa je A vizvane paramAtmAnA vilAsarUpa ja jUe che, e paramAtmAnI hAme AMkhe AMkha meLavI Ubhe che-baMne AMkha maLatAM eka ja AMkha thaI rahe che-potAnI AMkha e enI ja AMkha che ema anubhave cheH "nADArita drA jADArita thatA nADatoDakti karatA joDAti vijJAta"--enA vinA bIje draSTA nathI, zrotA nathI, bhatA nathI, vijJAtA nathI e siddhAntane enA bhAvAtmaka (nagAtmaka-negative nahi paNa positive) svarUpamAM anubhave che. A vilAsane anubhava e enI AnandatA, ane eja ApaNuM "Ananda"tA. je ApaNe AntaramAM Atara svabhAva-je ApaNe ekarasa rasa, je ApaNI vizuddhi ane je ApaNuM akhaMDatA-emAM ja Ave

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cAra guruo 273 AnandanI parisamApti che. kRti kahe che ke uttamottama manuSyalokanA Ananda karatAM temaNe Ananda pitRlokane che; e karatAM temaNe gaMdharva lokane, e karatAM sagaNe karmadevane, e karatAM temaNe Ajanadevane, e karatAM sagaNe prajApatilakane, ane e karatAM segaNe brahmAne che; ane e ja, jeNe "krimIle purata-Adi zabdArtharAzirUpI tathA bAhya ane Antara vizvarUpI mahAna vedanuM zravaNa karyuM che, tathA je pAparahita thayo che, ane jene viSayakAmanAo haNatI nathI, tene che. A Ananda paNa paramAtmAnA ananta Anandane eka aMza mAtra cheH "patancavAnathAni tAni mAtrApunIvatti"--A AnandanI ja eka mAtrA upara anya bhUto jIve che. jJAnI puruSe caMDoLa pakSIvata jaDa-pRthvI uparathI UMce caDhIne ApaNuM sarva vRttionA prakAzaka ane preraka A saccidAnaMda paramAtma savitA"nA "vareNya"jJAnarUpa tejamAM nhAya che, ane ayane samatA" rUpI AtmAgAnanI saritA relAve che. A saritA paramAtma-savitAnI gAyatrI-gAna, stavana che, ane jagatanA pavitrIkaraNane mahAmatra che. kapotapakSI e daDha premanuM upadezaka che. mahamada payagambare eka kapAta pALyuM hatuM, e ene prabhune sadeza lAvI ApatuM ema je kahevAya che emAMthI UMDe vani e nIkaLe che ke prema e manuSyane paramAtmA sAthe jeDanAra parama sAdhana che. manuSya mAtra, prANimAtra, balake bhUtamAtra-upara prema e manuSyAtmAne vikasita karanAra, ucca karanAra ane rasamaya karanAra padArtha che. prema jagatanA sarva deva kalaha prapaMca Adi bhAvane pheDI e bhAvane pitAmAM-premarUpe-pariNAma pamADe che, ane e rIte pitAnuM je divya paramAtmasvarUpa te sarvatra prakaTAve che. tamArA zatruone 1 jeo kameM karI devapadavIne pAmyA che. 2 jeo mULathI ja deva che. 3 RgavedanI prathama cA. 4 gAyatrImaMtranuM smaraNa kare. 5 vRdhAtu uparathI, pasanda karavA gya, uttama zreya summum bonum 25. 6 "AmaM traH" "tamatve coma 3 'ityAdi bhagavaditAnAM vAka juo. 7 ApaNAmAM jema cakravAkanA joDAnuM daSTAna apAya che tema aMgrejImAM katapakSInuM apAya che. guru dattAtreye sAMsArika premapAzamAM mugdha jIvanA dRSTAntarUpe A pakSI lIdhu che. 35

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ra74 * cAra guruo tamArA upara game teTale TheSa haze paNa e rahIme je tame premanI talavAra laIne ubhA rahezo te e deSa tamane bAdha karI zakaze nahi, eTaluM ja nahi paNa e TheSa chinnabhinna thaI premarUpe pariNamI jaze. paNa manuSya upara A aikAntika prema bhagavAna uparanA premamAMthI ja-viSNunA caraNakamaLamAMthI gaMgAnI piThe-vahe che. mATe manuSya premanuM prabhavasthAna je paramAtmA enA upara acaLa prema bAMdhavo joIe. ane duHkhanA prasaMge Ave to paNuM, emAM kSaNa vAra paNa, aNumAtra paNa, A premane zithila thavA deva nahi; amuka dukha paramAtmAe mahArA upara nAMkhyuM nathI eTalI ja samajaNathI na aTakatAM, sukha duHkhane vicAra paramAtmA saMbaMdhI premamAM aprAsaMgika che, ene enI sAthe kAMI ja levA devA nathI, ema dRDhanizcayapUrvaka, e vicArane atramAM praveza paNa karavA devA nahi. Ane ja ApaNuM zAstromAM "niguNya dazA" kahe che-athata e evI bhUmikA che ke jyAM prakRtinAM-sukhaduHkhanAM mojAM pahoMcI zakatAM nathI; jyane Ananda mAtra aihika hoI duHkhane dAbI de evo che ema nahi; paNa jyAM duHkha jevA padArthone hisAbamAM AvavAno prasaMga ja nathI. jene A prema lAge che tene sAMsArika dukha e dukha nathI, paNa paramAtmAne viraha, manuSyamAtranA-bhUtamAtranA sukhanI nyUnatA, e ja kharekhara duHkhakara thaI paDe che. atre prazna thaze ke sarvavyApaka paramAtmAne viraha ke? jJAnamArgamAM bhaktine sthAna kevuM? Ane uttara ke paramAtmAnA virahane anubhava e ja enI sarvavyApakatAnA anubhavanuM pagathiyuM che; bhakti e jJAnanuM sAdhana che. ApaNI vartamAna sthiti te paramAtmAnA virahanI nathI paNa paramAtmAnA ajJAnanI che-ghera nidrAnI che; pachI jema ghora nidrAmAM svama AvI AtmAne khaLabhaLATa thaI, jAgradavasthA prApta thAya che-tema A ajJAnAvasthAmAMthI paramAtmAthI huM vikhUTe paDayo che, e kayAM haze? e kema maLe?-ityAdi svamanI utkaMThA utpanna thAya che; ane e ja utkaMThAnA vege karI chevaTe AMkha ughaDI jAya che, ane jAe che to paramAtmA pitAne AliMgI rahelo najare paDe che. A rIte bhakti e jJAnane anukUle thAya che. - jene A prema pUrepUre che e, hRdayanA bhAvamAM sIMcAIne-palaLIne besI raheto nathI, paNa kartavyaparAyaNa thAya che. jema garuDa pakSI enA pavaMtI jussAthI bhareluM, kALA dariyAI tophAnane sahAme mukhe bhedatuM, sUrya ja "riva"--upaniSada,

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cAra guruo . 27pa upara daSTi rAkhI, sIdhuM UDayuM jAya che, ane "eka vALa mAtra" paNa enA mArgamAMthI ADuM avaLuM jatuM nathI, tema jene "savitA"nA "vareNya" teja upara dhyAna lAgyuM che, e jagatanA saMkaTathI jarA paNa na hAratAM pUrNa jussAthI ane daDhatAthI kartavyane mArge cAlyA jAya che. " athaiva vA maraNamastu yugAntare vA / nyAyyAt pathaH pravicalanti padaM na dhIrAH // " yugAntare thavAnuM bharaNu Aja thAya teye zu? je nyAya kartavya-no mArga che emAMthI dhIra puruSe eka pagalu paNa khasatA nathI. - Ama kartavyaparAyaNa thavAmAM ApaNuM samasta jIvana, AsapAsanA sahAme hamezAM laDhavAmAM ja javAnuM? ema hoya te paNa zuM? kartavyadaSTie te kartavya upara ja karavAnuM che, eNe sukhaduHkha upara-pariNAma upara jarA paNu lakSa devAnuM nathI; Tenisana kahe che tema ene to "Duty clear of consequences" e ja sUtra che. kartavyaparAyaNatA Ama azAnitanI ja bharelI hoya te paramAtmAnI A vizvavyavasthAmAM khAmI Ave. vastutaH ema che ja nahi. manuSya jema jema kartavya karate jAya che tema tema tene AtmA tandurasta thatuM jAya che, ane pachI jema zarIra tandurasta hatAM rageraga gabhIra Ananda vyApI rahe che, tema AtmA tandurasta hotAM, enAM paDe paDamAM zAnta-vipula Ananda relAI rahe che. jemAM samudranI sapATI upara game teTalAM tephAna thAya, paNa enuM taLIyuM zAnta hoya che, tema A kartavyaniSTha puruSane game teTalA yuddhanA prasaMgo Ave paNa e yuddha karyA chatAM ene AtmA UMDI zAti anubhave che. zuSi' e mannamAM varNavelo A zubha ujavaLa haMsa mRtyu samaye ujajavaLa, gaMbhIra ane zAnta zAnti anubhave che, kAraNa ke enA pavitra AtmAne "asura" damata nathI, e ramaNIya naukAne kaI paNa tarehanA vAyu Ama tema aphALatA nathI. e jIvanmuktane janmabharaNu baMne sarakhAM ja che. leka jene jIvana kahe che e daramiyAna e jIvatuM hatuM, ane loka jene mRtyu kahe che e dazAmAM paNa e jIvavAne ja che kharuM jotAM je mRtyumAM paNa jIve che e ja kharekhara jIve che bAkI badhA te zrImad bhAgavatamAM eka sthaLa upamA ApI che tema- dhamaNanI mAphaka zvAsocchAsa le che, ane te paNa anyane bALavA mATe! mATe kharuM jIvana e ja ke je traNe kanA uttamottama padArthone tRNavata

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cAra guruo lekhI saMsAra uparathI vairAgya lAvI paramAtmA upara premathI laukika jIvana ane mRtyu vaccenA bhedanI pAra caDhI gayuM che. mRtyu pachI janmAntaranuM jIvana che, paNa janmamaraNanI ghaTamALamAM AveluM hoI, e laukika jIvana, mithyA jIvana che. kharuM jIvana laukika jIvananI antar chatAM pAra che; jenI paripUrNatA-jIvanatA AgaLa laukika jIvana mRtyu samAna che. e jIvana--jemAM AtmAnI pratyeka guhA--pratyeka rabra-paramAtma mahedadhinAM mejathI bharAya che-enI paripUrNatA zI rIte varNana karavI? jagatanA mahAtmAoe A jIvana anubhavyuM che, ane teo sAkSI pUre che ke A jIvananI jIvanatA nisIma che. naciketasa yama-vaivasvatane kahe che - zvo bhAvA martyasya yadantakaitat sandriyANi jarayanti tejaH / api sarva jIvitamalapameva tavaiva vAhAstava nRtyagIte // na vittena tarpaNIyo manuSyo lapsyAmahe vittamadrAkSma cettvA / jIviSyAmo yAvadIziSyasi tvaM varastu me varaNIyaH sa eva // A pramANe (1) caMDaLa, (2) kapota, (3) garuDa, (4) haMsa e cAra guruo pAsethI (1) jJAna, (2) bhakti, (3) karma ane (4) savirAga zAMti, e cAra paramArtha prAptinAM sAdhanane bedha maLe che--je cAra sAdhane eka eka sAthe guMthAelAM che tathApi judAM judAM varNavI zakAya evAM che. [[vasantaH vi. saM. 1858 bhAdrapada]. * "daSTivRtAtrayasaravA "--uttararAmacarita

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khAMDAnI dhAra 277 "khAMDAnI dhAra rAjA harizcandra choDI cAlyA zera satyavAdI satane kAraNe jIre, vecyAM rANIne kuMvara rohIdAsa carI tAre vAraNejI re. 1 tyAM te baMne paga na TherAya zerI nathI soyalIjI re, mAraga khare che khAMDAnI dhAra dIse vATa dehyalI re. 2 sIpane upanItI satya apAra UMDIthI upara AvavAjI re; mAthe behanA vUkyA megha motIne meLAvavAjI re. sune rana lAdhyuM rAmanuM nAma saddagurujInA sAthamAMjI re, bhejala neha re karIne citta rAkhya hIro A hAthamAMjI re bheje saMsAramAM AvI rAta divasa aneka vyAvahArika vyavasAyamAM ApaNe kALa nigamIe chIeH kALa enI meLe vahyo jAya che, ane emAM ApaNuM jaDa jIvana eka tRNavata kheMcAyuM jAya che ema kahIe te cAle. koI kAyama udeza, ane e uddezanuM anusaraNa -e ApaNane taddana ajJAta che. paramAtmAe ApaNane je saMsAranA prasaMge rUpI akSaro ApyA che e goThavI emAMthI ApaNuM jIvananuM eka arthavALuM pustaka racavAnuM che e vAta ApaNe takta visarI jaIe chIe. keIka vAra kAmane, koIka vAra krodhane, keIka vAra lebhane, ema asaMkhya vRttione vaza paDI rahIe chIe. e jyAM laI jAya tyAM derAIe chIe, e mAMhomAMhe kalaha kare, ApaNane sahAmahAmI UbhI rahI kheMce, ane e kriyAmAM ApaNuM kakaDA thAya te te paNa ApaNe vivaza rahI thavA daIe chIe ! A vAta barAbara thAya che? ApaNe keNu? A dehamAM ane A vizvamAM AtmAnuM zuM sthAna che? A deha mArAthI Ubho rahyA che, ane AkhuM vizva mArAmAM parovAeluM che. ubheya upara rAjya calAvavuM e hAre adhikAra kheI besuM te huM mArI jAtane gumAvuM chuM, A dehane ane A vizvane arthazanya karI mUkuM chuM, ane sarvatra aMdhakAra chAI rahe che. vastutaH hu satya-svarU5 chuM, citanyasvarU5 chuM, ane Ananda-svarUpa chuM. mhAro sikko AkhA jagatamAM

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278 "khADAnI dhAra" calAva, mahArI "livarI" (paTeLA) AkhA jagatane paherAvavI, keIne upara julama na karatAM savane khuzIthI mahArA sata-cita-ane Anandamaya rAjyamAM bhAga Apo, e hArI adhyAtma rAjyabhAvanA che. leka cheTuM kahe che ke harizcandra rAjyapATa tyajyAM, ane rANI-kuMvarane vecyAM, ane pote paNa vecAyo ! jaDa zarIrane eka sthAnethI khazI bIje sthAne jatAM joyAM, A zarIrane pelA zarIranI sevA karatAM joyAM, ane e uparathI potAnI bhASAmAM kahyuM ke "harizcandra rAjya tyaryuM ityAdi! vastutaH, harizcandra satyasvarUpa citanyasvarUpa ane AnandasvarUpa hatA, eNe pitAnI alaukika rAjyabhAvanA siddha karI, ane e rAjyamAM potAne Atmavata vahAlAM evAM pitAnAM patnI ane putrane bhAga Ape. smaraNa rAkhajo ke A saghaLuM potAnA nAnA sarakhA hu" khAtara nahi; harizcandranuM rAjya jema vizALa-deza kAla prasaMganA avadhi rahita-hatuM, tema ene "huM" paNa vizALa hato. enA hAnA "huM"ne te eNe bahucarI"--ananta vaibhava ane lIlAvALI caitanya zaktine meLe mUkI dIdhuM hata; bahucarAjInA sevake mA AgaLa maraghaDuM ramatuM mUke che ema. tamane thaze ke harizcandra jevA ApaNuthI zI rIte thavAya? tamArI namratA huM vakhANuM chuM, ane e namratA kharA hRdayanI che e paNa huM samajI chuM--paNa huM to bedhaDaka tamane kahuM chuM ke tame harizcandra jevA te zuM paNa harizcandra pite ja che. vaLI e paNa kahevuM joIe ke A vizvanI niyAmaka zakti tame mAnI le che evI vaiSamya ane naNyavALI- anyAyI ane krara-nathI. tame harizcandrane sphoTo mAnyo che te bhale mA. e zaktie enA upara ene lAyaka kasoTInA prasaMga nAMkhyA che, ane tamAre lAyaka tamArA upara nAMkhyA che. baMne potapotAnA prasaMgamAMthI pAra utare, eTale baMneno jaya samAna thAya che. eTaluM te kharU ke kaSTa vinA rAjya nathI. hamaNAM thoDA ja dahADA upara tame vAMcyuM haze ke jApAnIoe kicAu ane nAnazAnanI saMgIbhUmimAMthI raziyanene haThAvyA. sAdhAraNa rIte te laDhAImAM eka lazkara bIjA lazkaranA paDakhA taraphathI halo kare che; paNa evA vikaTa prasaMge paNa Ave che ke jyAre duzmana sAthe hAme svAmI AMkha meLavI laDhavuM paDe che. mArga sAMkaDo hoya che, ane duzmanI "TreciMjha"--khAI-upara cAlIne javuM paDe che. ja khAsa pipAka; "paToLI; premanI paToLAe bhejAno zabda che.

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' khAMDAnI dhAra" 27 mAraga kharA che khAMDAnI dhAra dIse vATa dAhyalI jI re." 'kSurasya dhArA nizitA duratyayA ' #1 upaniSad "...strait is the gate, and narrow is the way which leadeth unto life, and few there be that find it. 38 --The Btble are! paNa AvuM baLa kema Ave? pATaeN Arthara levuM che ema nizcaya karA eTale joituM khaLa enI meLe Avaze. ' bharIne mALavA levA ' hAme upadeza ApanArI kahevata khAyalAonI che. jeo pArTa Arthara le che, e jIvIne nathI letA; marIne ja le che. ' Into the Valley of Death rode the Six Hundred'--raziyana sAthe khelekalevAnI laDhAImAM seMdhoDesvAra aMgrejo hAmItApe mRtyunI khINamAM paDayA / ane lerDa rAkharTase kaMdahAra lIdhu te vakhate indravIra nAmanA gurakhA sipAI e duzmananI agni varSAvI rahelI tApa upara dhasI tApane kabaje karI ! e puruSA' * puruSA' hatAH uddeza upara dRSTi coMTADI hAmI najare kAma karanArAo hatA. kAlauIla yeAgya ja kahe che ke " Noking or man attempting anything considerable in this world need expect to achieve it except tacitly on those same terms, 'I will achieve it or die'." paNa kiMcAu ane kaMdahAra karatAM paNa vadhAre dAruNu yuddhanA prasaMga ApaNA antaramAM Ave che, emAM vadhAre vikaTa yuddha karyuM haze e viSe tamane zakA rahe che? za'kA rahetI hAya tA----theADAMka dRSTAMta vicAra. rAvaNa hajAra tApathI paNa pALeA heThe evA hatA? chatAM kevI adhamavRtti AgaLa e namI paDayA ! yudhiSThira raNamAMthI pAchuM pagaluM bhare evA hatA ? chatAM, eka viSama prasaMge ' nA vA kuMjarA vA' ema melAI gayuM ' e vakhate emanA hRdayamAM evuM pracaMDa yuddha thayuM hatuM ke jenI sarakhAmaNImAM mAbhAratanA sAte AThA ramata jevA hatA. jo paramAtmA meLavavA heAya te e meLavavAne dRDha nizcaya joI e. e nizcaya kAMI magajanA vicAra mAtrathI upajatA nathIH samagra AtmAe uchaLI UDavuM joIe; hanumAnajI sUrya tarapha UgyA hatA eTalA vege,

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280 khAMDAnI dhAra" kavi kahe che ke samudra taLIe paDelI chIpane varSAMbindunuM meAtI jhIlavAnuM mana thAya che tyAre te kyAMthI upaDI yAM sudhI pahoMce che! ema je jIvAtmArUpI chIpane paramAtmArUpI meAtI antamAM jhIlavuM che, ene te pUrepUrA vega lAgavA joie, ane sadupadeza mATe eNe antar khulluM rAkhI besavuM joI e. ema karavAmAM Ave te paramAtmArUpI meAtI antamAM jAmyA vinA nahi rahe, ane e meAtAnI jene kiMmata che enI dRSTie zaileAkyanA khajAnA paNa eka kADI samAna che. . "mune ratna lAdhyuM rAmanuM nAma, sadgurujInA sAthamAM jI re ! @Ajala sneha re karIne citta rAkhya, hIrA AvyA hAthamAM jI re " vasanta. vi. saM. 1960 vaizAkha

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haDALe 281 hIMDaLe "trananA sujAvuM sA rena" A saMsAra rajanIrUpa che. A satya sahaja anubhavamAM besatuM hoya te uttama; nahi te ApaNe jagatanA mahAna AtmAonA anubhavanI sAkha zraddhAthI mAnI levI joIe. pazcimamAM oNTothI mAMDIne, ane ApaNe tyAM vedanA maharSiothI mAMDIne-sarve UMDA ane gADha anubhavIoe A ja vAta kahI che; ane je sAmAnya buddhi e vAta kabUla rAkhavA nA pADatI hoya te enA niSedhane bAju para mUka-kAraNa ke, A mahAprazna paratve pAkRta bhati anubhavahIna che ane tethI enA matanI kAMI ja kiMmata nathI. sAmAnya buddhinuM-prAkRta matinuM-jIvana te kevaLa endriyaka jIvana che, ane endriyaka jIvana e manuSyanuM kharuM jIvana ja nathI. kharuM jIvana AtmAnuM che. ane AtmA jyAre dIpI uThe che, tyAre indriyo paNa enA tejathI saLagI uThI, e tejanA skuliMga rUpa thaI AsapAsa vistarI rahelA zyAma andhArAne anubhavagocara kare che. vinA teje- netramAM paNa teja na hoya te-aMdhArAnuM astitva siddha thavuM azakya che. e ja pramANe, AtmAnA kiraNa vinA A saMsAra rajanInuM aMdhAruM che eTaluM paNa samajAvuM azakya che. mATe ja kahevAnuM ke A vastumAM anya prAkRta matine na anusaratAM, pradIpta Atmatione anubhava pramANu mAne. A anubhava-je dareka kharA jijJAsune Ache ke gADhe koIka koIka vakhata thayA vinA rahetuM nathI,-e paramAtmAnI pahelI jhAMkhI che. vedAnIone jyAre mAyAnuM astitva siddha karavAnuM kahevAmAM Ave che, tyAre teo " dama" "huM jANato nathI"--e anubhavanI sAkhya batAve che, ane e anubhava te mAtra jJAnane abhAva nathI, paNa bhAvAtmaka ajJAna che ema umere che. teonA uttaranuM A ja UDuM tAtparya che jeone A saMsAra spaSTa rajanIrUpa samajAya che teo ja A tAtparya yathArtha rahI zake che. have A tavadarzananA kramamAM eka bhUmikA AgaLa caDhIe. saMsAra rajanIrUpa te khare, paNa te zuM ghora aMdhArI rajanI? jyAM sudhI sAMkhya daSTi che tyAM sudhI te, ghara andhakAra ane e andhakAramAM UDI rahelA

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hIMDebe A svAti prathama 2 prakatirUpa anya. rajanI bezaka AtmArUpI AgIAo; prakRti ane prakRtimAM vakhatovakhata cakI uThanAra, svAti prakaTAvanAra, aneka purUSoe sivAya bIjuM kAMIja nahi; vadhAre sAruM rUpaka laIe te prakRtirUpa andhakAra ane e anyakAranI para virAjatA, asaMkhya asmiArUpI tAralAo. AvI rajanI bezaka zAti ane bhavyatAnuM bhAna prere che, paNa saundaryanI tarazI dRSTine te judI tarehanI rajanI joIe che. jevI joIe che tevI ene maLe che. je jathA mAM prAcare taratajaiva mAcama," ene mATe A rajanI kRNacandrathI sohAmaNuM thaI rahI che. sAMkhya daSTine andhakAra ane tAralAo jaNAtA hatA tene badale, bhaktidaSTine andhakAra chedAI gayo che, kRNacandranA premarUpI zAnta zItaLa ane nirmaLuM ajavALuM cetarapha relAI rahyuM che ane AtmArUpI tAralAo paNa pitAnuM utkaTa ahaMtA bharyuM teja tyajI, kRSNacandranA tejamAM pite nhAya che. A pramANe prakRti puruSa ane paramAtmAnA saMbaMdhanuM jJAna eka bhUmikA AgaLa caDhe che. hajI eka bhUmikA AgaLa vadhIe. daSTi te mAtra juve ja; bhaktidRSTi kRSNacandranI zItaLatA ja anubhave; bhaktirasa vizeSa nikaTa saMbaMdha mAMge che. ene "AkAze candra joI sateSa thatuM nathI; ene te indri ane AtmArUpI je "vraja" tenA "nAtha"ne jhulAvavAnuM mana che. tethI e rasamaya jIvana uchaLI gAya che - trAnAtha suddhAvuM nathI tena" e "brajanA "nAtha"ne ghaDI be ghaDI jhulAbe ene santoSa vaLate nathI; AkhI rAta jhulAvuM ema thAya che. Ane sAra ke - (1) saMsAra e paramArtha satya nathI e vAta saMsAranA saghaLA vyavahAre vacce rahIne paNa bhUlavI nahi. saMsAra paramArtha satya nathI eTaluM ja samaye basa nathI. saMsAramAM paNa paramAtmAne vAsa che e jANavAnuM che. vedAntanI paribhASAmAM tarapha mAyA vistarI rahI che eTaluM ja nahi, paNue bhAyAmAM brahmane anupraveza che; ane ethI ja bhAyA paNa " eTalA astitvavAcaka zabdanI adhikAriNI bane che. sarvatra paramAtmAne vAsa che evuM parokSa jJAna paNa basa nathI. paramAtmAne potAnI pAse levAnuM mana hovuM joIe. gApikAo

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haDALo 283 kRSNacandranA caraNe kucasthaLa sAthe cAMpatI, cAMpI rAkhatI, te paNa, hajI rAkhuM, hajI ene UMDA utArUM ema emane thatuM ApaNI vRttio sAthe paramAtmAne parivaMga e rItane thavo joIe. saMsAra bahAra UDIne paramAtmAne kheLavA javAnuM nathI. paramAtmAne ApaNI pAse levAne che, anubhavavAne che. paramAtmA saMsAranI bahAra hoya, te UDavAnI jarUra rahe. je "prANane paNa prANa che e nikaTa che, enI zodha mATe bahAra zuM karavA UDavuM paDe? jyAM juo tyAM e che, saMsAramAM paNa e che, mATe A kahevAtA saMsAramAM paNa jyAM tyAM ene ja "jhulAvyA" kare-ApaNe sarva sAthe rahI jhulAvIe, ane kRtakRtya thaIe. vasanta-vaizAkha, saMvata 1961

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284 premadhaTA naH smaraNa karAvatA Ananyane vyApI zakAya te prabhune bhAge 11 premaghaTA "satta jere, magharA kuvA (vyAkhyAna) eka aMgreja kavi kahe che ke - "Our little systems have their day They have their day and cease to be: They are but bioken lights of thee And thou, my Lord, art more than they." A paMktio suprasiddha che, ane pUrve vasanta ke sudarzanamAM eka be sthaLe DhaMkAI paNa cUkI haze-paNu paramAtmAnA svarUpano vicAra karavAmAM e evuM yathArtha dRSTibindu Ape che, tathA jagatane dhArmika itihAsa enI dezika ane kAlika vizAlatAmAM samajavAnuM che evuM sAruM sUtra che, ke enuM punaH smaraNa karAvavAmAM bAdha nathI. enu tAtparya ema che ke manuSyanA alpa vicAre paramAtmAnA Ananyane vyApI zakatA nathI. pitapatAne samaya bhegavI, Akhare e vicAre vAza pAme che; e vicAre te prabhune bhAgyatUTya prakAza mAtra che; ane prabhu pote e sarva karatAM adhika che. TUMkAmAM kahevAnuM ke, manuSyabuddhi paramAtmAne pAra pAmI zakatI nathI. paNa have prazna e thAya che ke je kArya karavA manuSya buddhi asamartha che, te karavAnuM bIju keI sAdhana che? manuSya hRdaya e karI zake ema ghaNIvAra kahevAmAM Ave che. je prabhu zravaNu manana ane nididhyAsanamAM kAlakSepa karanArA munione na maLyA te premathI dhasatI vrajanI gopIone maLyA, ema bhakitagrantho kahe che, ane * uparanI anubhavabharI vANInuM samagra rahasya huM vyAkhyAna rUpe vAcakane ApI zakIza ema mAnavAnuM huM jarA paNa dhAryA karato nathI. e "premaghaTA" premI hRdaya ja anubhavI zake che. ane koI paNa hadayane vyAkhyAnathI prema karI zakAya e saMbhavatuM nathI. tathApi A upakrama karavAnuM mukhya prayojana eTaluM ja che ke-A mathALAnI paMkti vAMcI tathA eno madhura AlApa hRdayamAM bharI, ekAda kaIke vAcaka paNa paramAtmadaSTi pAmaze ema A lekhakane AzA che. ane e daSTi vadhAre vizada-cekhI karavAnA sAdhana rUpe A TUMkuM vyAkhyAna yojeluM che.

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premaghaTA 285 e ja bhAvathI thoDA divasa upara ApaNuM hRdaye antamAMthI UchaLI bhAgye hatuM ke-trakanA kulhAvuM sArI " Aja te divasanA hadayataraMga tarapha pAchI daSTi pheravIne joIe chIe te hadayataraMga paNa paramAtmAnA svarUpane yathArtha rIte grahavA apayau-ochA paDatA lAge che. zuM ApaNuM hadaya paramAtmAne premathI vaLage, samasta jIMdagIbhara ene jhulAvuM ema icchayA kare, eTalAmAM ja e hRdayanI kRtArthatA? jeo dhArmika vRttine manuSyanI phakta anivArya vRtti samaje che arthAta e vRtti satyane grahatI nathI paNa andhavata zanya prati anivArya rIte ghase jAya che ema mAne che, teone te pUrvokta icchAnA astitvamAM ja kadAca pUrNa sava thAya. tema ja, jeo dhArmika vRttine kaIka nirguNa padArthane viSaya karatI ane ene haLAmAM abelA padArthanI mAphaka jhulAvavAnI IcchAmAM samApta thatI gaNe che, teo paNa e vRttine-kAMThA upara samudranu mejuM patharAya tema-paramAtmA upara patharAtI kalpa. paNa paramAtmA che ema jene nizcaya che-ane ema jene nizcaya che tevAne lakSIne ja A vyAkhyAna che-tevAnA hRdayamAM te zUnya bhaktine avakAza che ja nahi tema ja vaLI paramAtmAne evo jaDa viSaya jevo paNa kema manAya ke jethI ApaNuM hadayane bhAva enA upara reDyAM karIe ane chatAM e enA nirguNatva ane akartavamAM rahI ApaNA premane javAba na vALe ? zaMkarAcArya yathArtha mAne che ke nirguNanI bhakti saMbhavatI nathI. nirguNa saguNa thaI bhakatane poSe cheH AvI "puSTi" anubhava karatAM eka bhaktajana enA badhuone saMbadhI kahe che ke "sAta je premaghA zu sArUM". bhakatajanane anubhava thAya che ke paramAtmA che, vizvanI pAra kaIka sthaLe che ema nahi, paNa pitA prati enI "premaghaTA" jhukI Ave che. A anubhavanI kAMIka jhAMkhI levA mATe-ekAda medAnamAM ubhA rahelA ane AkAzamAM abhuta dekhAva vistAratI ghanaghaTa nIrakhatA tamane pitAne kalpa. ApaNuM aihika jIvana eka mabhUminuM raNa che--jyAM sudhI emAM paramAtmapremanI ghanaghaTAnuM jaLa sIcAyuM nathI tyAM sudhI; e jaLa sIcAtA, e ja bhUmi alaukika vastra dhAraNa kare che ane manuSya jIvananuM "ana" pUruM pADe che. ApaNI vividha dharma saMsthAoyajJa, dAna, vrata, arcana, utsava, varNAzramanA dharma e sarva-A paramAtmarasathI sIcAI ApaNuM vyaSTi ane samaSTinI saMskRtamAM meghanA samUhane ghaTA" kahe che.

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286 premadhaTA hRdayabhUmimAM UgelI vividha vanaspatio che enA thakI e ApaNuM jIvananuM piSaNa thAya che. paNa A "premaghaTA" jhukI AvatI sarva kaIne kema dekhAtI nathI ? A praznano uttara Apo kaThaNa che. kaThaNa che enuM kAraNa ema nathI ke enA satyamAM kAMI khAmI che, paNa enA svarUpamAM viziSTatA che. te e ke jene e premano anubhava che tene e siddha karI ApavAnI jarUra rahetI nathI ane jene anubhava nathI tene enI pratIti thavI kaThaNa che. chatAM-jarA paramAtmA tarapha hRdaya pheravazo ane te sAthe keTalAMka cihane upara dRSTi karazo te enA premanI ghanaghaTA kSitija uparathI caDhI AvatI dekhAvA mAMDaze. 1 paramAtmAnA manuSya uparanA premanI pahelI nizAnI zI? Ane uttara jarA virodhAbhAsI lAgaze. paNa te vAstavika che-ane te e ke duHkha, saMsAranA duHkha. paramAtmAnI jenA upara kRpA thAya che tenA upara ja e duHkha nAMkhe che, asaMkhya vikaTa prasaMge ane ApattionA anubhava meLavI e anubhavathI pavitra thaI kuntI kRSNa pratye kahe che - "vipavA satu naH zAzvata tA tA [zu " - he jagatanA prabhu! hamezAM amArA upara AvI vipattio ja hajo, jethI amane tamAruM nitya darzana rahyA kare." jeonAM hadaya kRpaNutA ane kAtaratAthI bharelAM che teo sAMsArika sukhanuM eka Ta5kuM cATayAM kare che. kUtaruM hADakuM cATayAM kare tema ! kadI janmArAmAM jANe e joyuM ja na hoya ! jo ke karaDe jo bhogavyAM karyuM che, chatAM! evA manuSyonA bAyalApaNAno khyAla lAvo, ane te sAthe kSatriya mAtA kuntInI vIrava bharelI ukti sarakhAvo-ane kaho ke bemAMthI ye bhAva vadhAre ucca? are ! AvA be viruddha bhAva vacce "vadhAre vizvaevI sarakhAmaNInA zabdo paNa zobhe che? eka bhAva kabUla karatAM paNa ApaNe zaramAIe chIe, ane bIje ja ApaNuM puruSatvane chAjato lAge che. ane sAMsArika duHkha, ema kahevAno matalaba evI che ke dehadamatamAM dharma samAyele mAnI jeo vividha tapazcaryA rUpI katrima duHkho -hAthe upajAvI-veThe che, teonI e tapazcaryA te kharI tapazcayI nathI. ApaNe mATe paramAtmAe tapatrayanAM asaMkhya sAdhane sAMsArika duHkha rUpe, racI

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premaghaTA 287 mUkayAM che, ene anubhava karI pavitra thavuM, e duHkhanI "tasamudA" laI paramAtmAnAM sAMnidhyamAM javuM e manuSyane manuSya tarIke parama dharma ane adhikAra che. zuM pazuo pitAnA duHkhamAM paramAtmAnA premanuM jharaNujeze? teo to pIDA pAmaze ane pAmIne vIsarI jaze, pharI pAmaze, pharI vIsaraze ityAdi. manuSyamAM ja evI zakti che ke e duHkha bhegavavAM eTaluM ja nahi paNuM e duHkhane artha kara -eTale ke enuM svarUpa samajavuM tathA projana tapAsavuM; enI AgaLa pAchaLanI kaDIo tapAsI kAryakArazunI saMkalanAmAM enuM kyAM sthAna che tathA e zI garaja sAre che e nakkI karavuM. jema jagatanA keI paNa padArthanuM "sAyanTiphika (zAstrIya) rahasya yathArtha samajavA mATe enI AgaLa pAchaLa tathA AsapAsa jevAnI jarUra paDe che, tema A bAbatamAM paNa che. duHkhamAM garakAva thaI na jatAM, athata enA vartamAna kALamAM ja sarva dRSTi samAvI na detAM, enAM bhUtabhaviSya tarapha najara karIzuM te turata jaNAze ke dukha e bhUtakALanI malinatAnuM vizAdhana che, ane bhaviSyakALanI Atmonnatine aruNodaya che. kharI vAta che ke sarva kAInA jIvanamAM duHkha AvI umadA sevA bajAvatuM jaNAtuM nathIpaNa kahe ke samRddha anAja ugADavAmAM Avazyaka evuM je khAtara tene upayoga keTalA kare che? chatAM zuM khare kheDUta ke kRSizAstrI kSaNavAra paNa kabUla karaze ke khAtara e paramAtmAnI sRSTimAM nirarthaka padArtha che? te ja pramANe, jene manuSyajIvana pAmI e jIvana saphaLa karavAnI IcchA che ane jeNe e jIvananI sughaTita ghaTanA upara vicAra karyo che- ene sAMsArika dukha te paramAtmAnI kRpA sivAya anyarUpe kadI paNa bhAsaze nahi. 2 paramAtmAnA anugrahanuM bIjuM cihunazubhavAsanA ane zubhaAtmabaLa che. manuSya jIvananI kSaNekSaNa kartavyathI bharelI che. e kartavyo karavA mATe zubhavAsanA ane zubha AtmabaLanI apekSA che...ane te para mAtmAmAMthI manuSyane prApta thAya che. jyAre jyAre ApaNuM hRdayamAM devAsura saMgrAma thaI devA jIte che ane asuro hAre che tyAre nakkI samajavuM ke-jIvAtmA rUpI Indra potAnA baLathI jI nathI paNa viSNu paramAtmAnA baLathI ja te vijaya meLavI zako che; vRti yathArtha kahe che ke "pa te sAdhu varSa ati ."=jene e ucca bhUmikAe laI javA mAge che tenI pAse e sAruM karma karAve che arpIta ke sarva zubha vAsanA ane tajanya karma kurAvanAra prabhu pote ja che.

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288 premaTA "But most it is presumption in us, when The help of heaven we count the act of men, All's well that Ends well ' atre prazna thaze ke manuSyane svatantra kartRtva kharUM ke nahi ? ane nahi; tA ane je svatantra kartRtvanuM bhAna che tene ze! khulAsA ? A bhAnanI dalIla sAmAnya pravRttie mATe cAle, paNa ApaNA prakRta viSayamAM te bahu vajanadAra nathI. paramAtmAnuM jene bhAna nathI tene zI khakhara ke amuka kArya pAte kare che ke paramAtmA kare che? jene e tejasvI bhAna prApta thayuM che temanA siddhAnta to bahudhA e ja jovAmAM Ave che ke huM karatA nathI, paNa paramAtmA kare che;' kAraNa ke emanamAMthI ahaMkatRtvabhuddhi vilaya pAmI gaI che. A saMbandhamAM vedAntasUtrakArane siddhAnta ubhaya kATine ThIka nyAya kare che. vedAnta sUtrakAra evA siddhAnta khAMdhe che ke jIvane upAdhikRta kartRtva che, paNa kArayetRtva to zviranuM ja che kare che jIva, karAve che zvara. karAve che' eTale prayyala pavana ke jaLane Adha tRNane pAchaLathI dhakele e rote nahi, paNa jIvanA caitanyane anusarIne, rAgadveSAdvi enI samakSa dharIneH e rIte ja vidhiniSedhamAM arthe rahe che.+ ** Izvara parjanyavat sarve prati samAna cheH jevI bhUmi ane khIja te pramANe anAjanA pAka. paNa jema e pAkamAM bhUmi ane khIja uparAMta parjanyanI kAraNatA che, tema pravRtti mAtramAM jIvanA prayatna uparAMta paramAtmAnI apekSA che. e prayatna pUrve saMskArathI niyamAya che, pUrva saMskAra pUrvatara prayatnathI baMdhAya che, ema pAchaLa anAdi saMkalanA vistarI rahI che. kAI kaheze ke A rIte anavasthA prApta thAya--te enA uttara ke A anavasthA prAmANikI che eTaluM ja nahi paNa jarUranI che; jarUranI eTalA mATe che ke saMsAranI koI paNa kALe zarUAta mAnIe tA prazna UbhA rahe che ke te tArIkha pahelAMnA kALa zUnya krama rahyo ane amuka tArIkhathI sahesA saMsAranA AraMbha kema thayA? Ama sahaseAtpatti nivAravA mATe "parAyatte'pi hi kartRtve karotyeva jIvaH kurvantaM hi tamIzvaraH kArayati" zaMkarAcArye + ''na dIzvaraH prabalatarapavana iva jantumpravartayatyapi tu taccaitanyamanurudhyamAno rAgAyupahAramukhenaiva / ceSTAniSTaprAptiparihArArthino vidhiniSedhAvarthavantau bhavata : " vAcaspatimizra

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premaghaTA 289 anAdi ane anata kALa anAdi ane ananta saMsArathI bharelo mAnava joIe. Ama hovAthI anavasthApabAdhaka thatuM nathI-balake sAdhaka thAya che. - hajI eka zaMkA saMbhave che. jo ke jIvanI vartamAna pravRttimAM enA pUrva saMskArAnusAra IzvaranuM kArayitRtva che, paNa e pUrva saMskAra enA svatendra prayatnajanya kharA ke nahi? kharA, te pachI jIvanuM svatanca kartava vartamAnamAM paNa svIkAravAmAM zo bAdha ? Ane uttara ke pUrva saMskAra chavanA svataMtra prayatnajanya nahi; (ema hoya te pUrvekta anavasthAnI apekSA ja zI hatI?) tui emAM paNa IzvaranuM kArayitva kharuM. keI kaheze ke bhale sarvatra IzvaranuM kArayitRtva rahe, ethI jIvanA kartutvane zo bAdha Ave che? jIvanA kartutvane bAdha AvatuM nathI, paNa jIvanA svatannakartutvane Ave che; ane ekanuM kartutva bIjAnA kArayitRtvamAM vilIna thaI jAya che, ane A rIte jIvanA kartatvane IzvaranA kArayitRtvamAM samAveza thaI, chevaTanuM kartava IzvaranuM ja rahe che; jIvanuM katRtva Izvarakartaka sRSTimAMnuM ja che-te evI rIte ke jema amuka mahAniyamothI jaDa sRSTi baMdhAelI che tema amuka mahAniyamathI jIvanuM kartRtva paNa baMdhAeluM che-e kartava paramAtmAnA mahAniyamone uthApIne baneluM nathIH udAharaNa tarIke, eka A niyama suprasiddha che ke jema ApaNe kheTAM karmo karIe chIe tema tema ApaNumAM khATI lAlace-rAgadveSAdi-rahAme Takkara jhIlavAnuM sAmarthya ghaTe che; tema ja, jema jema ApaNe satkarmo karIe chIe tema tema ApaNe Urdhva panthautsarpiNuM mati-saraLa thAya che. have, kaho ke A niyama ApaNe pote racyA che? nA ja. ApaNuM bahAra kaIka zakti che jeNe racI mUkelA niyamone anyathA karIne kAMI paNa karI zakavAnuM ApaNuM svAtanya nathI. e zaktine laI, paramAtmAnuM katRtva sarvatra-jyAM ApaNuM kartutva bhAse che tyAM paNa siddha che. A sAmAnya nirUpaNa ApaNe prakRta viSayane lAgu pADIe. manuSyamAM je kAMI zubha vAsanAne udaya thAya che ane e pramANe AcaravAnuM zubha baLa upaje che te karanAra Izvara pote ja che. ApaNe eka zubha karma karIe eTalAthI evI vAsanA baMdhAya ke bIjI vakhate zubha karma karavAmAM ApaNane te madadagAra thAya ane ApaNe prayatna saphaLa kare, e niyama- je ApaNo pitAne karela nathI paNa Izvarano karelo che-e niyama pote ja prabhunI kRpAnuM cihana nathI? karma ane vAsanAnA paraspara saMbandhane 37

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290 premaghaTA mahAniyama lupta thaelo ka, ane pachI vicAre ke manuSyanI zubha pravRtti keTalI zakya rahe che? e niyamane abhAve manuSyanI saMskRti ane utkarSa (Civilization) sarvathA azakya thaI jAya che e, vicAra karatAM, sahaja samajAI Avaze. mATe ja, jyAre jyAre hadayamAM zubha vAsanAne aMkura kuTe ane tadanusAra zubha karma karavAnuM baLa mAluma paDe tyAre e zubha saMpata rUpe paramAtmAnI premaghaTA" sukI AvatI jevI ema zAstrakAre upadeze che. 3 paramAtmAnA premanuM trIjuM cihna, bIjA sAthe joDAeluM paNa ethI kAMIka viziSTatara hoI pRthapha gaNanAne pAtra che. te e ke jenA upara paramAtmAne prema DhaLe che tene sarva jatu upara potApaNAne bhAva upaje che; koInuM paNa huM kalyANa karuM "keIne paNa huM upayogI thAuM evI utkaTa IcchA enA manamAM rahyAM kare che. eka hiMdustAnI kavi ThIka kahe che ke je mANase janmIne keIne upakAra karyo nathI e pazu karatAM paNa napATa cheH pazu marIne enAM hADakAM cAmaDAM paNa kaIkane kAma AvavA de che; je mANasa jIvatAM keIne upayogI na thayo tenuM jammu te nakAmuM ja samajavuM, kAraNa ke enAM to hADakAM-cAmaDAM paNa keIne kAma AvatAM nathI. A lokopayogI thavAnI buddhi e hiMdusthAnanI vartabhAna dazAmAM paramAtmAnA premane khAsa AvirbhAva che. ApaNuM dezamAM jyAM najara pheravazo tyAM asaMkhya rIte lepayogI thavAnA prasaMge tamane najare paDaze-ane e sarvemAM kAMIne kAMI karI zakavAnuM ApaNuM darekanuM sAmarthya che A dezamAM ApaNe janma thaye che e ApaNuM ahobhAgya che. e bhAgyane lAbha levo ke ene vRthA vahI javA devuM e upara ApaNuM bhaviSyanA svarUpane AdhAra che. ghaNuM kahe che ke hiMdustAnamAM janma levo e hatabhAgyanI nizAnI che. paNa mane lAge che ke AvuM saddabhAgya manuSyane javalle ja prApta thatuM haze. prAcIna kALamAM hiMdustAne jagatanI kevI anapama sevA karI che e vAta bAju para rahevA de, ane vartamAnakALa ja vicAro ApaNA dezamAM AjakAla ApaNane je kartavya karavAnA prasaMge prApta thayA che evA bIjA kyAM che? Ane ja anulakSIne huM kahuM tepaNa pUrNa yathArthatAthI kahI zakuM ke - " santo mere, premaghaTA jhuka AI"

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premaTA 1 e "premaghaTA" ravIkAravI, ene joI mayUravata, nRtya karavuM ke kekArava ugAravA eTaluM ja nahi, paNa eka dRDha ane khatIlA kheDUtanI mAphaka harakhabharyAM netre e ghaTA sAmuM jovuM ane haLa kAdALI ane pAvaDA laI ugra zrama uThAvI khetI karavI e ApaNuM kAma che. e kAma karatAM parasevA tA utaraze paNa teTalA mATe kayeA jAtavAna kheDUta kaheze ke ceAmAsuM hAya tA sArUM? je andhubhAvathI ApaNA kavie enA santabhAI ne saMmeAdhyA hatA e ja bhAvathI, jo ke mArI alpatAnA pUrNa bhAna sAthe, huM mhArA vAcakrAne saMkhAyuM chuM keH-- - " santo mene, premavavA dhruSTha AduM " A takanA lAbha leA; manuSya janma saphaLa karavAnA AvA prasaMgA phrI phrIne niha maLe. vasanta vi. saM. 1961 bhAdra. 4

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292 hArI 11 " hArI" 1. rA--( jALI--tArIpacaMddI ) kRSNa kaisI horI macAI, acaraja lakhiyo na jAI; asata sata kara dikhalAI, re kRSNa kaisI0 (Teka) eka samaya zrIkRSNadevake, horI khelana mana AI, ekaseM horI macai nahi kabahu~, yAteM karUM bahutAI; yahi prabhune ThaharAI, re kRSNa kaisI0 pAMca bhUtakI dhAtu milAkara, aMDa pacakArI banAI, cauda bhuvana raMga bhItara bharakara, nAnA rUpa dharAI; prakaTa bhaye kRSNa kanhAI, re kRSNa kaisI0 ra pAMca viSayako gulAla banAkara, bIca brahmAMDa uDAI, jisa jisa neMna gulAla paDI vaha, sudhabudha saba visarAI; nahi jhata apanAI, re kRSNa kaisI0 3 veda - aMta aMjanakI silAkA, jisane neMnameM pAI, brahmAnaMda tisakA tama nAiyo, sUjha paDI apanAI; horI kachu banI na banAI, re kRSNa kaisI0 (adhyAtmaNajanamAlA) ( manana ) yurApamAM seALamI saddInA ArbhamAM zarU thaelI ane dina paradina vadhatI jatI jaDa prakRtinA acaLa niyameAnI zeAdheAthI mugdha banI arADhamI sInuM yurApa prakRtimAM paramAtmAne joI zakyuM nahi; tethI te samayanA yureApanI unmatta manuSyaSuddhie kAM te paramAtmAnA sarvathA niSedha karyo; athavA tA, eka vakhata enAthI zakti pAmelI prakRti tyAra bAda hamezAM svatantra niyameAthI pravA kare che . ane paramAtmA teA kANu jANe kyAM yAganidrAmAM paDyo haze evI ardhanAstikatAthI bharelA dvaitavAda svIkAryAM. ApaNe tyAM naiyAyika dvaitavAdIo paramAtmAne A karatAM vadhAre nikaTa samajatA hatA. tathApi teo paNa dharAnA nirmAtA' ane 'tribhuvana-vidhAtA'nA peAtAnA kArya sAthenA saMbaMdha eka sarakhA ja kalpatA. je paramAtmAne eka kuMbhakAravat khuddAra tzo trileAkIne potAnI icchAzakti vaDe kAlamahAcakra upara

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herI" 203 pheravata jotA hoya, ane temAM jemanI buddhine ke hRdayane saMpa thata hoya, teo bhale e kalpanAne vaLagI rahe. amArI buddhi te paramAtmAnA svarUpanI bahAra, enI anantatAmAM virodhI evA paricchedana prasaMga utpanna karanArI, kaI paNa vastune mAnI zakatI nathI; ane amAruM hadaya paNa sahI zakatuM nathI ke brahmAMDarUpI umaraDAmAM kATi jIvane pUrI paramAtmA enI bahAra e jIvothI alage paDI rahyo hoya. ame te jagatamAM sarvatra paramAtmAnI herI" macI rahelI joIe chIe. e baherI" e pote pUrNa rasathI rame che, ane jIvane ramADe che. e baherI"nI abhutatA varNavI jAya evI nathI. enA Azcaryane pheDavAne sAyansane pratyeka prayatna e Azcaryane vadhAre gaMbhIra ane vadhAre uddIpta karato Ave che. kavi yathArtha kahe che - "vana ci jAuM." paramAtmA izakRta kAlakRta ane vastuta ema trividha pariccheda rahita che; eTale ke, e ahI che ne tyAM nathI vA tyAM che ke ahI nathI ema nathI; eTaluM ja nahi paNa sarva sthaLe che ema kahetAM paNa sthaLa enuM adhikAna banI jAya che e khoTuM thAya cheH deza-sthaLamAM e Azraya karI rahela nathI, ulaTe deza ene lIdhe banyo rahe che. e ja pramANe paramAtmA bhUta bhaviSya ke vartamAna keI paNa kALe nahotA nathI vA nahi hoya ema nathI; eTalu ja nahi paNa kALamAM ene rahelo mAnavAthI kALa eno Azaya bane-je paramAtmAnI savazrayatA sAthe asaMgata che. vaLI sauthI hoTI samajavAnI vAta e che ke paramAtmAthI bhinna kaI paNa vastu nathI ke jenA astitvane khulAse paramAtmAmAthI na nIkaLato hoyaH vastumAtra paramAtmAmAMthI astitva pAme che ema je kabUla karatA ho te paramANuo ke prakRti evI kaI paNa vastu paramAtmAnI sAthe sAthe potIkuM svataMtra svabhAvasiddha astitva bhagavatI mAnI zakAtI nathI. Ane artha e thayo ke jagata aNuomAMthI ke prakRtimAMthI nIpajeluM nathI-asatamAMthI sata thaeluM che.* paNa te upara prazna thaze ke " uthamasatA "--asatamAMthI * kahevAtA asatamAMthI sata thaeluM cheH vastutaH te asatamAMthI satuM nathI thatuM ane satamAMthI asata paNa nathI thatuM-asatamAMthI asata thAya che ema kahevuM taddana athahIna che, ane satamAMthI sata paNa thAya che kahI zakatuM nathI; eTale je sata che te che ja che. anya kAMI ja nathI. A siddhAnta AgaLa spaSTa thaze. * upaniSa

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294 bahArI" sata kema thAya? prazna barAbara che. paNa A asat te zuM che? prakRtinuM na hevuM, aNuonuM na levuM, jagatanuM na hovuM, e ja ke bIjuM kAMI? paramAtmA pote sata kyAM nathI ke asatamAMthI sat thAya che ema mAnavAne prasaMga Ave ? arthAta paramAtmA pitAmAMthI ja, eka advitIya satamAMthI, jagata, upajAve che. zrutie e mATe UrNanAbhi kareLIA-nuM daSTAna ApyuM cheH kareLIo jema pitAmAMthI jALa pasAre che tema paramAtmA paNa pitAmAMthI jagatanI jALa pAthare che. paNa kharuM jotAM A daSTAnta paNa pUrNa rIte lAgu pADavAnuM nathI;koLIo pitAnA zarIramAMthI jALa kADhe che, ane paramAtmAne te zarIra nathI; tema paramAtmA pote vikAra pAmIne jagata rUpa bane ema paNa nathI kahevAtuM, kAraNa ke paramAtmAmAM vikAra saMbhavatA nathI. mATe mAnavuM paDe che ke e asatane sata karatuM nathI, mAtra sata karI dekhADe che "ara7 sat vAra vilA" pite pitAmAMthI-eka advitIya satamAMthI kAMI vikAra, upajAvate nathI, upajAvato dekhAya che. Ane kAI paramAtmAnI prabhutAIkahe che, kaI "lIlA kahe che, kaI "mAyA' kahe che, yA mAyAnI eka kalA -vikSepazakita'-kahe che. ApaNe ene Aja baherIne nAme oLakhIzuM. je dekhAya che tene dekhAvA pUratuM satya mAnI laI ene paramAtmAe zA mATe utpanna karyuM ane zI rIte utpanna karyuM e vicArIe. kavi kahe che ke - "ekasamaya zrIkRSNadevake, horI khelana mana AI, ekase horI mace nahi kabahuM, yAteM karUM bahutAI saddhi ane sahajAuM" zrati paNa kavitAnI vANImAM kahe che-"prajJApati ghaDazeDa sita jAmata" "ghoDa6 =racAM prAya" tAtparya ke paramAtmAne ekalA gamyuM nahi tyAre eNe vicAra karyo ke huM eka chuM te bahu thAu." ane kizcayane paNa mAne che ke prabhue premathI ubharAI sRSTi utpanna karI. e sarva vacananuM tAtparya e che ke jagata upara vicAra karI jenArane samajAyA vinA rahe evuM nathI ke jagata paramAtmAthI vikhUTuM, zuSka araNya jevuM nathIH balka enA aNuaNumAM enI ja sata-citaane AnandarasanI mUrti prakAza thAya che, enA ja premanI madhura ane lavina laharIo sarvatra ramyA kare che. A bahu" thaI pitAne

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bahArI" Ananda ApavA-levAnI,ApavAmAM levAnI ane levAmAM ApavAnI - IcchAthI eNe paMcamahAbhUtanI dhAtu meLavIne brahmAMDarUpI picakArI banAvI; emAM caudabhuvanarUpI vividha raMga bhayI ane enI raMgaberaMgI serethI jIvamAtrane huvarAvyA, vacamAM zabda-sparza-rUpa-rasa ane gabdha e pAMca viSayane gulAla paNa urADyo-ane Ama rasamUrti "chI ss vaLyA horI khe! jenI AMkhamAM e viSayarUpI gulAla paDyo, te "sudhabudha' beI pitApaNane-AtmasvarUpane-bhUlI beThe. A enI "AvaraNazakti': vikSepazakti eka DAMkhaLI, ane A bIjI DAMkhaLI. e be zakitaonuM svarUpa ane emane paraspara saMbandha vicArIe. sAmAnya rIte paramAtmAnI sargakarI (sRSTayutpAdaka) zakti tene vikSepazakti kahe che; ane bandhakarI (svasvarUpa-AcchAdaka) zakti tene AvaraNazakita kahe che; paramAtmAe jagata mejika bheMnTa" eTale ke bhUtAvaLanA citra mAphaka ApaNI dRSTi AgaLa khaDuM karyuM che, ane mejika TvenTananA mejika' (jAdu) karatAM enuM maeNjika anantagaNuM adhika che-eTale, gavAsikamAM kahyuM che, tema "vagara bhIMte" A citra UbhuM karyuM che. A enI vikSepazaktinuM pariNAma che. ane ApaNe ane enI vacce e citra ADuM paDeluM hovAthI enuM kharuM svarUpa samajAtuM nathI e enI AvaraNazaktinuM pariNAma che. AvaraNa vinA vikSepa ekalo rahI zakato hoya te bhale rahe; ApaNuM kAma mAtra AvaraNa pheDavAnuM che. vidyAraNyamuni paNa IzvarasRSTi ane jIvasRSTi evA sRSTinA be bheda pADIne kahe che ke jJAne karIne jIvasRSTine nAza karI zakAya che, IzvarasRSTine nAza karI zakAtuM nathI, ane karavAnI jarUra paNa nathI. jJAna thatAM, A jagatanA te te padArtho nAza pAmaze vA dekhAtA aTakaze ema samajavAnuM nathI; padArtho te raheze ane dekhAze, paNa e padArthomAMthI jJAnIne moha UThI jaze, eTale pachI e baMdhanakartA raheze nahi; viSayanuM jhera nIkaLI gayuM eTale basa. uparanI horInuM rUpaka laI e te-paramAtmAnI A brahmAMDarUpI pIcakArI bhale pitAnuM kAma karyuM jAya,ethI hAni nathI; e pIcakArI'nA jaLamAM je "gulAla bhaLe che e ja mANasane abdha karI nAMkhe che. mATe e "gulAla" ne AMkhamAMthI kADha ema upadeza levAne che. atre prazna thaze ke paramAtmAmAM AvaraNazakti kema saMbhave? ene vicAra ApaNe pachIthI karIzuM-prathama te eTalI khAtarI karI laIe ke

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26. herI" e anubhavAya che ke nahi. anubhavAya che e vAtanI kaI ja nA nahi kahI zake. jeo zAMkaradAntane A zabda (AvaraNazakti) nahi vAparatA hoya teo bIjA zabdamAM paNa enI e ja vAta kahetA jaNAze. krizcayane kahe che ke paramAtmAe manuSyane kasavA mATe "Temptations - jagatanI lAlace-UbhI karI che, ane emAMthI zuddha thaI manuSya paramAbhAnI samIpe jAya che. prArthanAsamAjanA panthanA ApaNuM vartamAna kavi rA. narasiMharAva paNa gaMbhIra svare kahe che ke - "vipralaMbhI viSayamehanI madhusvarA divyadhAmapaMtha jatAM AvI viSadharA; vipatha deravA mathe............." e "viSadhara" manuSya pote banAvelI nathI. tema manuSyane "vipatha daravA" mathavAnI enI zakti, vA e ja vastunI bIjI bAju-manuSyanI vipatha derAI javAvAnI zakti-e manuSya pote karelI nathI. ekanI deravAnI zakti ane bIjAnI derAvAnI zakita-je eka ja vastusthitinI be bAjuo che-tenI kAraNutA anyane-paramAtmAne-ApyA zivAya cAlatuM nathI. arthAta paramAtmAmAM AvaraNazakti che e siddha vAta che. AvaraNuzaktinuM astitva siddha karyA pachI bIjo prazna e UThe che ke paramAtmAmAM e saMbhave kema ? saguNabrahmavAdanI bhASAmAM belIe te, parama dayAkarA prabhu sAthe manuSya pratye AvI vipralaMbhI krUratA kema ghaTI zake ? ene uttara saguNabrahmavAdI e kare che ke viSayanI lAlacene tAbe thavuM ke nahi e bAbatamAM prabhue manuSyane svataMtratA bakSI che. zAMkaravedAntIomAMnA keTalAka mAyA ane avidyA ema be bheda pADIne bhAyA prabhunI gaNe che ane avidyA jIvanI gaNe che-eTale mAyAmAM lapaTAvA-rUpI avidyAmAM jIva pote ja kAraNa rahe che, ane Izvarane mAthe ene deva caDhato nathI. viSaya pratyenA rAgadveSAdine jIvanI sRSTirUpe mAnavAthI paNa e ja kArya sadhAya che. paNa kharuM jotAM A uttarathI chevaTanuM samAdhAna thaI jatuM nathI. A lAlacAne tAbe thavuM, rAgadveSAdi dharavA-emAM jIva kAraNa che khare; paNa ApaNe prazna te e che ke jIva upara a tephAna Ave che kyAMthI? e tophAna vacce aDaga rahevuM e bhale jIvanA sAmarthyanI vAta che, paNa ApaNe to e tophAnanA kAraNane vicAra karavA beThA chIe, tene khulAso uparanA javAbamAM Avato nathI.

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harI" 297 keTalAka A tephAna IzvarathI judI zetAna" (Satan) nAmanI zaktithI utpanna thaeluM mAne che. keTalAka Izvarane chevaTane irAde manuSyane vijayI karavAnuM hovAthI atyAranA tephAnane pariNAmanI dRSTie bacAva kare che. paNu A baMne mArga khAmI bharelA che. zetAna nAmanI Izvare utpanna na karelI evI zakti mAnavAthI IzvaranI aparicchinna prabhutAne bAdha Ave che. vaLI, pariNAma(sAdhya)nI daSTie sAdhanane bacAva karavo, e manuSya mATe cAle-paNa te prabhumAM zobhate nathI. mAtra pariNAma sAruM Avaze eTalAthI saMtoSa mAnavA kahevuM e atyAranI sthitine santavya gaNavAnI Izvara taraphathI arajI karavA jevuM, kSamA yAcavA jevuM, thAya che. A chevaTanI muzIbatanI jALa kevI guMcavaNabharelI che e ATalA mananathI samajAyuM haze ja. e jALanA chedana mATe bIjA je je yatna thayA che te badhAnuM eka mAsikapatramAM nirUpaNa karavAne labha rAkho agya che, tathApi chevaTa jatAM jatAM be mahattvanA khulAsA noMdhIzuM. eka khulAso evo che ke rAgadveSAdi vRttio avidyAthI upajelI che, ane e avidyA jIvanAM pitAnAM ja pUrva pUrva janmanAM karmonuM phaLa che. paNa te hAme eka vadhe sulabha che. atyAranI avidyA e pUrva janmanA karmathI; pUrva janmanuM karma te pahelAMnI avidyAthI; e avidyA te pahelAMnA karmathI ema pAchaLa anavasthA cAlaze! A dezane parihAra zAMkaradAntI evo karaze ke-anavasthA bhale cAle; cAlavI ja joIe; jagatanI kaI paNa kALe zarUAta thayelI mAnIe te te pahelAMne kALa kema khAlI paDI rahyo hato ema nittara prazna thAya, mATe pAchaLa janmajanmanI hAra cAlyA karavI ja joIe, eTale pUrvokata avidyA ane karmanI kAryakAraNatAnI lITI pAchaLa laMbAyAM ja kare to tethI bAdha nathI, balake tema thavAnI jarUra che. paNa A khulAso upara jaNAvelA khulAsAthI bahu AgaLa vadhato nathI. emAM manuSya, ajJAna mATenI javAbadArI paramAtmAne vaLagavA na detAM, pitAne mAthe rAkhavAne yatna kare che; ane jema rajune sarpa jANanAra manuSyanI bhrAnti mATe raju javAbadAra nathI tema rAgadveSarUpI paramAtmaviSayaka ajJAnane mATe paramAtmA javAbadAra nathI ema batAve che. paNa kharuM jotAM, hajI heTo prazna te rahe che ja ke karma ane avidyAnI gaDamathala chavane vaLagADanAra koNa? A vRkSanuM bIja pahelAMnA vRkSamAMthI, e vRkSa tenAthI paNa pahelAMnA bIjamAMthI, ema hAlanI avidyA pUrva 38 ema pALa ane pahelAMnI AkAranI avizva

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298 bahArI" janmanAM karmothI, e karmo te pahelAMnI avidyAthI ema javAba devAmAM Avyo khare; ane evI avasthAmAM ISTApatti che e uttara paNa ThIka che; paraMtu jarA avidyAnuM svarUpa tapAsI joze te jaNAze ke eka avidyA bIjI avidyA trIjI avidyA evA, eka bIja bIju bIja trIjuM bIja enA jevA, judA judA naMbare nathI ke je pUrva janmanAM karmone khulAse ApI zake. avidyA eka ja cAlI Ave che; ane avidyAthI banelAM karmone avidyAnA kAraNarUpe sthApavAM emAM anyonyAzraya doSa rahelo che. tethI zAMkaradAntI rAmAnujAcAryanI mAphaka avidyAne pUrva janmanAM kamanI karelI na mAnatAM anAdi mAne che. have ApaNe pUrvokta dUSaNanuM chevaTanuM samAdhAna sAMbhaLIe. zAMkaravedAntI kahe che ke-tame je dUSaNa batAvyuM e ja mAruM bhUSaNa che. huM kabUla karuM chuM ke paramAtmA avidyAne utpanna kare e saMbhavatuM nathI; tema, paramAtmAnI hAme bAtha bhIDIne sarakhA astitvanA hakathI anAdi kALathI e cAlatI AvatI hoya e paNa saMbhavatuM nathI. paramAtmAnI sAthe ene joDatAM pagale pagale deSa Ave che emAM paNa nA kahevAya ema nathI; paNa e sAthe e paNa siddha vAta che ke avidyA anubhavAya che to kharI; te have, A be vAta jevI che tevI che, ane ene sAthe mUkI emAMthI je phalita thatuM hoya te bedhaDaka kADhe. avidyA anubhavAya che ane chatAM enuM astitva asaMkhya dUSaNothI bhareluM che-enuM ja nAma "Irrationability', Unreason" "avidyA." jeno khulAso thaI zake, jene kAryakAraNanI sAMkaLamAM joDI zakAya, jene paramAtmAmAMthI phalita karI zakAya, e "avidyA' ja na kahevAya. e parama satamAMthI phalita nathI thatI, ane chatAM pratIta thAya che, mATe ja ene "sata-asata anirvacanIya" jene sata paNa na kahevAya ane asata paNa na kahevAya evI varNavIe chIe. tame kahezo ke A to yathArtha javAba na thayo. na thayo; je tame jevA javAbanI AzA rAkhI beThA hatA tevo ja javAba yathArtha gaNato hoya . bAkI, kharI vAta to e che ke jevI vastu hoya tevI kahevI e ja yathArtha javAba che. avidyAnuM kharuM svarUpa ja anirvacanIya hovuM ghaTe che. ane che paNa tevuM ja, eTale amAre uttara sarvathA barAbara che. nirguNabrahmavAdInA A anirvacanIyatAvAdane saguNabrahmavAdInA avatAvAdathI pRthapha karIne samajavo joIe. saguNavA vizvamAM avidyAnuM astitva svIkAre che,

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baherI" ane jyAre avidyA paramAtmAnI dayA sAthe asaMgata che ema batAvavAmAM Ave che tyAre e evo uttara vALe che ke parama dayALu paramAtmAne e avidyA sarjavAmAM hetu haze e ApaNe ApaNuM alpajJatAne lIdhe samajatA nathI-5Nu mAnI levuM ja joIe ke e dayAghanA ne hetu kAMIka sAre ja haze. paNa manuSyabuddhine Ama eka vakhata utthAna pAmavA daI pachI ene ekadama dabAvI devI e ayogya cheH "ApaNe jANatA nathI" evA ayatAvAdanuM ja je chevaTe zaraNa levuM vAjabI hoya te AraMbhamAM ja kema na levuM? jagatane kartA Izvara che eTale sudhI javAnI paNa zI jarUra ? ApaNe alpajJa manuSya jANatA nathI ke A jagata keNe utpanna karyuM vA zI rIte utpanna thayuMema ajJeyatAvAda prApta thaI IzvaranA astitvanA siddhAntane bAdha Ave. mATe manuSyabuddhirUpI je DALa upara ApaNe beThA chIe te ja DALane kApavI e barAbara nathI. nirguNa brahmavAdIne anirvacanIyatAvAda AvI nathI. e vAda pramANe, ApaNe avidyAnA astitvamAM paramAtmAne ze hetu rahela haze e samajatA nathI ema nahi, paNa avidyAne vAstavika astitva ja nathI ane je mithyA che tenA khulAsAnI jarUra nathI, kAraNake tene khulAse saMbhava ja nathI. anirvacanIya astitva e astitva ja nathI. chatAM emAM sahaja paNa astitvane gabdha rahete heya te tene nidhi karI bIjA zAMkatIo e karatAM paNa AgaLa jAya che. teonA siddhAnta pramANe A avidyA jema paramAtmAnI karelI nathI, ane mithyA haI paramAtmAnA aditIyavane bAdha karatI nathI, tema e jIvanI upajAvelI paNa nathI-jIvanuM chatva ja enAthI banyu rahyuM che. tyAre zuM e jIva thakI prAphisiddha che ? ema paNa nathI. avidyAne laI ne jIva che ane jIvane laIne avidyA che. ane chatAM a nyAzraya depa AvatuM nathI; te evI rIte ke, jIvana jIvapaNuM enuM ja nAmAntara avidyA che, ane avidyAnuM pratIta thavuM emAM ja jIvana jIvapaNuM che-arthAta jyAM chavabhAva ane avidyA eka ja vastusthitinAM be nAma che, tyAM kAryakAraNubhAvanI muzkelIne ke anyanyAzraya devane prasaMga ja che? bIju e paNa dhyAnamAM rAkhavAnuM che ke avidyA e nAme kaI vastusata padArtha nathI ke jene jIva sAthe saMbandha keNe karyo evo prazna vAjabI gaNAya. jIve pitAne jIva jANavo ane jagatane jagata jANavuM, ane e rIte paramAtmAnuM kharU svarUpa jotAM chatAM

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ae hArI ' 300 na jovuM--enuM ja nAma avidyA che, eTale ke e traNa akSaranA zabdavaDe jIva ane jagatanA vAstavika astitvanA niSedha karavA e zivAya khIjAM tAtparya nathI. avidyA kAI evI zakti nathI ke jeNe atyAra sudhI jagat naheAtuM tene atyAre upajAvyuM hAya, ane jenA nAzadvArA have pachI jagatane nAza karavAnA hoya. je arthamAM e atyAre che e arthamAM e pUrve paNa hatuM ane bhaviSyamAM paNa haze ja; ane je arthamAM e pUrve nahotuM ane bhaviSyamAM nahi hoya e arthamAM e atyAre paNa nathI. mATe gauDapAdakArikAmAM kaheluM che ke "brAddAvate ya cannAsti vartamAne'pi tannathA;" ene enA ja anuvAda karI kavi kahe cheH CAL F 66 " dorI vALu nanI na vanArUM. e haiArI" avidyAnA vilAsa--kAMI banyA nathI ane banAvAyA nathI. 'avidyA' e teA nAma mAtra che, jagata mAtra bhAse che; paNa bhAse che ema kahevAmAM ja, cit (bhAsa ) ane chata ( che)nI sAthe enI ekatAnuM pratipAdana thaI jAya che; kAraNa ke sapti ane mAti----aAvuM ane bhAsavuM--e brahmanuM ja svarUpa che. Vom wh " hArI ' (rAjAjI, tAja phIvaranTrI) zAma kaisI khelata horI, acaraja khUba banorI, koI jana bheda lahorI zAma kaisI0 (OM) tana raMgabhUmi banI ati suMdara, bAlana bAga lagorI, nADI aneka galI jahAM zobhata, khele tahAM sAMvarorI; saMga vRSabhAna kizorI. zAma kaisI0 pAMca sakhI mila pAMca raMga bhara deta bahora bahorI, rAdhikA lekara DAre zAma para, saba tana dIna bhigorI; zAmamana moda bhayorI. zAma kaisI0

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hArI" 301 horImeM moda mAnakara zAmane, rAdhikAveSa dharorI, mila sakhiyana saMga phAga macAyo, khelata magana bhayorI3B Apa sudha bhUla gayorI. zAma kaisI0 3 khelata khelata jAna na pAyo, dIrgha kAla gayorI, vana vana phirata mile jaba sataguru, sakhiyana saMga vichorI; zAma brahmAnaMda milorI. zAma kaisI04 (manana) pahelI harImAM ApaNe paramAtmAnI mAyA-jemAMthI A saghaLuM jagata UbhuM thayeluM che-tenA svarUpane vicAra karyo. Aja ApaNe, A bIjI herInA mananarUpe, paramAtmA ane jIvAtmAnA saMbadhane vicAra karIzuM. paramAtmA jagata sajIne AghA rahela nathI, paNa e jagatadvArA, tema ja sAkSAta, manuSyaAtmA sAthe nitya saMbadha dharAve che. ane e saMbandhane svIkAra karI tadanusAra je AcAravicAra karavAmAM Ave che enuM nAma dharma kahevAya che. A saMbandha kevo mAno rAjA-prajAne, ke pitAputrane, mitra-mitrane, ke svAmI sevakane, ke pati-patnIne ke sarvathA ananyatAne ke bIjI ja keIrItane--e viSe matabheda jovAmAM Ave che, ane e upara keTalIkavAra kaTu vAdavivAda thato paNa ApaNe sAMbhaLIe chIe; paraMtu e saMbandhane sarvathA niSedha thate jaNAtuM nathI. spensara jevA "The Unknowable'= ayanA mAnanArA, ane teti neti kahI viramanArA kevalAdvaitavedAntIo paNa AtmA sAthe e para-padArthane koIka tarehane saMbandha te mAne che ja. jeo ene "aya' kahe che teo ene astitva sAthe joDAelA hevA pUrate enI sAthe manuSyaAtmAne saMbadha svIkAre che, ane "apheya padArtha hRdayamAM jevA bhAva pUrI zake tevA bhAvane dharmarUpe svIkAryA sivAya teone chUTake thato nathI. kevalAdvaitavedAntIo ene niSedhamukhI vANIe varNave che, paraMtu teo paNa manuSyaAtmAne A tarapha svatanna rahevA daI, brahmane pelI pAra mUkatA nathI- kiMtu manuSyaAtmAnA ananya-Atma-rUpe ene mAne che, ane ananyabhAvamAM je dhArmikatA rahI che te dhAmikatA teo sAdhavA icche che. paNa A ananyabhAvanuM svarUpa tapAsatA pahelAM, enAthI avara-enI A bAjue rahelA-DAka vicAre avakIe; ane e vicAre, ananyabhAvathI

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301 " hArI. " utaratI paMktinA chatAM, paramAtmAnA hAI sarvathA khATA teA hoI ja na zake eTaluM smaraNamAM rAkhI, darekamAM je je satya raheluM heAya te " savaMtaH sAmAvayAta chupenca ca pappala:" ema puSpabhramaranyAye grahaNa karIe. paramAtmA saMbandhI eka atiprAcIna bhAvanA rAjA tarIkenI che. paramAtmA jagatanA sraSTA mAtra ja nathI, paNa ApaNA rAjA che--ApaNane niyamamAM rAkhanAra che, ApaNAM pApapuNyanA dAtA cheH A bhAvanAmAMthI grahaNa karavA jevA aMza e che ke--paramAtmA dharatIkaMpa ke dariyAI tAkAna jevI jaDa zakti rUpa nathI; ene ApaNI sAthe vyavahAra che; enA niyama e peAte pALe che, ane ApaNane pALavA pharamAve che. A satya ApaNe grahaNa karyuM che ? grahaNa karyuM tyAre ja kahevAya ke jyAre ApaNuM jIvana e satyane pratyakSa karI ApatuM hoya. paNa ApaNe te rAtadivasa evI rIte hajArA pravRttie macAvyAM karIe chIe ke jANe ApaNA upara paramAtmAnuM rAjya ja na heAya ! mANase karyeA karma bhAgavavAnAM che; pApa karyAM vagara pApanuM mULa e nyAyI mahArAjA kadI bhAgavAvatA ja nathI; ane puNyanuM phaLa kadI ApyA vinA rahetA ja nathI--ATalI vAta jo ApaNA jIvanamAM ApaNe vaNI lIdhI hAya tA duSTa karma tarapha ApaNI pravRtti ja thavI na joie, ane satkarma tarapha ApaNeA utsAha pUrNa vegathI vahyAM karavA joI e. paramAtmAnuM A rAjya sthUla dRSTie keTalAka krizcayanA mAne che tema bhaviSyamAM AvavAnuM che ema nathI. paNa nitya nirantara cAlyAM kare che. paramAtmAnI A bhAvanA, ane karma eja A vizvanuM kharekhara tattva che e siddhAnta, zratisiddha che. RgvedasaMhitA kahe che ke varuNu rAjA' je A saMsArasamudranA ane saMsArarAtrineA adhiSThAtA deva che--te pAte 'dhRtavrata' che. arthAt e peAtAnA niyama pALe che, ane manuSyA paNa dhRtavrata' thAya ema e icche che. ane upaniSanAM yAjJavalkya ane AtabhAganA saMvAdamAM chevaTanA tattva tarIke 'karma'--sArI kheATI karaNI--ja tAvelI che. paNa paramAtmA te kevala rAjA ja nathI; pitA paNa che. rAjA nathI, ane pitA che ema nathI. paNa rAjA ane pitA ubhaya che. enA gharamAM nyAya che tema prema paNa che. jIsasanA pahelAnA yAhudI dharmamAM paramAtmAnI rAjA tarIkenI bhAvanA pradhAna hatI, tene badalIne jIsase pitA tarIkenI bhAvanA sthApI; ethI yAhudI dharmanI paramAtmAnI bhAvanAmAM rAjAnA akaruNu

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"C hArI 303 ' ,, nyAyane banne dayA prema dAkhala thayA ema kahevAya che. keTalAka TrAka A bhAvanAne vala khristI samaje che, paNa tema nathI. bhagavadgItAmAM eka sthaLe paramAtmAne sacarAcara leAkanA 'pitA' kaheyeA che, ene RgvedasaMhitAmAM paNa pitAnuM rUpaka ajANyuM nathI. eka RSi kahe che ke pitA putrane kheALAmAM le tema tuM ene kheALAmAM le che;"+ ane khIjA eka RSi kahe che ke A mIThI vANIvaDe he indra ' huM tane pakaDI rAkhuM chuM,--putra pitAne vastranA cheDe jhAlI pakaDI rAkhe che tema". paramAtmA te kevaLa pitA ja nathI; pitA che tema mAtA paNa che. A ubhaya svarUpa je A prAkRtika jagamAM ekatra jovAmAM nathI AvatAM te paramAtmAmAM ekaThAM ane che, paramAtmA pitAnI mAphaka premapuraHsara ApaNA utkarSa icche che eTaluM ja nahi paNa 'zivAnudhyAnaparA' mAtAnI upamA paNa ene sArI rIte lAgu paDe che. jaganmAtA aditi' RgvedamAM prasiddha che. " saiya vaivankSata ityAdi upaniSavAkyamAM paramAtmAnA 'devatA' tarIke ( strIliMgamAM ) parAmarza karyo che. ane paramAtmayaitirUpa agniheAtra paratve zruti kahe che ke " jema bhUkhyAM chekarAM mAnI AsapAsa vIMTaLAI vaLe che tema sarva bhUta mAtra agniheAtrane upAse che. " ane purANA tA ' jagadambikA 'nAM evAM madhura ane bhavya stanneAthI bharelAM che ke jenI marAmarImAM krizcayana dharmanI merInI kalpanA paNa mUkI zakAya ema nathI.'zrImadbhagavadgItAmAM paramAtmA ekI vakhate "mAtA dhAtA ane pitAmaha"rUpe pAtAne jaNAve che. paramAtmAnA ApaNI sAthenA A saMbaMdha ATalA badhA prasiddha chatAM vAstavika rIte ApaNA jIvanamAM ApaNe ene keTalA svIkArIe chIe ? ApaNe jo ke paramAtmAthI vimukha rahIe chIe--tathApi enA prema te ananta che. A vAtanuM pramANa eTaluM ja ke ApaNe jo ke kArTi pApa AcarIe chIe te paNa e sarva pApane pAchaLa mUkI sArA mArga levAnI chUTa ApaNane rahyAja kare che. arthAt paramAtmAnA dharanAM dvAra ApaNe mATe hamezAM khullAM ja che, paramAtmA mAtApitA tarIke prakRti ane manujabALakane, paraspara joDAI, manu ane zatarUpA mA--Ananda letAM jovAne khuzI che; ApaNA saMsAravyavavahAra ane aniSTa nathI; paNa e vyavahAranuM kuLa paramAtmAnA vaMzanI vRddhi rUpa thavuM joIe. ApaNe enA rithanA 39 + pitaya putramavimarze : pirtuna putraH sicamArabhe ta indra svAdiSThayA girA zacIvaH /

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304 baherI" adhikArI tyAre ja thaIe ke jyAre ApaNuM jIvana paramAtmAnAM bALakane zobhatuM thAya. paNa mAtApitA haMmezAM putranI sAthe sAthe ja pharyA karatAM nathI. tema putrathI hRdayanI badhI bAMdhachoDa emanI sAthe thaI zakatI nathI. vaLI jIvAtmA ! ane paramAtmA ubhaya nityasiddha padArtha tarIke zrutine mAnya che-A sarva dhyAnamAM laI zrutie e bene "a gyo RyunA taNAyA" ItyAdi vAkyamAM sakhA rUpe varNavyA che. e ja bhAve pachInAM zAstroe nara nArAyaNa ane kRSNa-arjunanA saMbaMdhathI batAvyo che ane kRSNa pratyenI sudAmAnI ane uddhavanI bhakti paNa e ja bhAvanuM manahara phaLa che. paNa AgaLa jaNAvelA saMbadhanA karatAM A saMbadhane anubhava vadhAre ucca adhikArI mATe che. jyAre vAraMvAra deSa karIne mAtApitAnI mAphaka paramAtmA pAsethI kSamA bhAgavAnI na rahe, ane jyAre sadAcaraNa mATe phakta enI salAhanI ja jarUra rahetI hoya, tathA sAdhAraNa rIte ApaNe evuM sadAcaraNabaLa saMpAdana karyuM hoya ke jethI aNIne vakhate e ApaNane sahAya thaI ugArI le eTalo ApaNe adhikAra thaye heya---tyAre ja A sakhA-bhAva khIlI uThe che. paNu paramAtmAne sakhA samajIne enI avajJA karavAnI ApaNane chUTa nathI. tethI arjunane jyAre paramAtmAnuM vizvarUpadarzana thayuM, tyAre teNe pazcAttApapUrvaka kahyuM ke "he azruta ! (nirvikAra, sanAtana paramAtmana ! ) tane sakhA samajIne ane tAre prabhAva na jANIne, pramAdathI ke maMtrInI chUTathI, meM tane "he kRSNa! he yAdava ! he sakhe" ema dama bharAvIne bolAvyo che; ramata gamatamAM, khAtAM pItAM, sUtAM besatAM, ekAntamAM ke janasamudAyamAM, mazkarImAM meM tAruM apamAna karyuM che, te mATe huM tArI kSamA mAguM chuM." A kAraNathI bhaktarAja hanumAne paramAtmAne svAmIbuddhie sevyo che. paramAtmAnA sakhAo--arjunanI mAphaka-paramAtmAnI sahAyatAthI AsurI saMpata hAme pote jaya meLavavA laDhe che; paNa paramAtmAnA dAsa te-- hanumAnanI mAphaka-paramAtmAnA vAvaTA nIce rahI paramAtmAnI sevA artha yuddhe caDe che ane atula zramathI paramAtmAnI savaprakRtine asuranA bandhanamAMthI choDAvavAmAM pite upayogI thAya che. jJAna vairAgya ane brahmacaryathI teonAM zarIra ane mana vaja jevAM daDha banelAM hoya che, ane dhana

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hArI" 305 saMpatti Adi mehakamAM mehaka vastu paNa jo temAM "rAma"nI chabInuM darzana na thAya te tene kAMkarA samAna gaNuM teDIne teo phekI de che. emanA rUvAmAM rAmanAmanI dhUna aharniza cAlyA kare che. AvA puSe "ciranirviNu chavalokane saMkaTamAMthI udArI haMmeza mATe jagata upara eka bhAre upakAra karI jAya che. paNu paramAtmAnI AvI ugra dAsyabhakti AcaravI sahelI nathI. tema keTalAMka hadayo evAM nAjuka rasabhInAM heya che ke teone sevaka mAphaka dAsya karIne ja sateSa vaLato nathI; teonA aMge paramAtmA sAthe patipatnInA jevo vadhAre nikaTa saMbandha pAmI ene AligavA ane enAthI AliMgana pAmavA uchaLe che. evA janenI sthiti ApaNuM zAstrakAroe gepIonI bhaktimAM daSTigocara karI che. A premalakSaNA bhaktimAM paramAtmAne sArathi rAkhI AtmakalyANa sAdhavAne ke paramAtmAnA sevaka banI paramAtmAnI lakSmIne punaH uddhAravAne lebha nathI. paNa svAbhAvika premathI taNuI premaLa paramAtmA tarapha hadaya dhase jAya che; ene paramAtmAnI sevAnI ke AtmakalyANanI kazAnI khabara nathI; ene te mAtra paramAtmAne ja-paramAtmAnA rasane ja-khapa che, ane e rasathI enAM aMge aMga bhIjAya che. paNu jIvAtmA ane paramAtmAnA saMbadha paratve A sarve rUpake kharAM che? kharAM che tema ja khoTAM che. kharAM evI rIte che ke, je (vyAvahArika) arthamAM ApaNe chIe te arthamAM ApaNAthI judo paramAtmA paNa che, ane be vacce saMbandha uparanAM rUpake vaDe pradarzita thAya che. paNa bIjI rIte joIe te, e rUpake khoTAM che. khoTAM be prakAre cheH eka to e saMbandha evo vividha che ke e rUpakamAMnuM koI paNa vastusthitine pUrepUrI nirUpavA asamartha che; bIjuM, jIvAtmA ane paramAtmAne be padArtho mAnI emane saMbandha samajavA mATe e rUpake kapyAM che. paNa kharI vAta te evI che ke jIvAtmA ane paramAtmA ema be judA padArtho ja nathI. A (vAta samajavA mATe thoDuMka tattvacintana karavAnI jarUra che. arvAcIna yuropanA prasiddha tatvacintaka kAnTa-eNe "manuSyajJAnamI maryAdA'nA vicArane aMge batAvyuM che ke ApaNA endriyaka jJAnamAM, eTale ke pratyakSa jJAnamAM-viSayane je deza ane kAla rUpI be upAdhio hoya che te kharuM jotAM viSayagata nathI. paNa indriyathakI viSayamAM AropAya che; 3

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" hArI 99 306 arthAt, je padArthanuM pratyakSa thAya che te padArtha svataH dezakAlAvacchinna nathI, paNa indriya sAthenA saMbandha karI enAmAM dezakAlanI kalpanA upaje che. kAnTanI pachInA vakhatamAM A siddhAntamAM eTale pheraphAra sUcavavAmAM AvyA che ke--prathama svataH padArtha che ane pachIthI indriyAnA saMbandha thatAM enAmAM deza ane kAlanA upAdhae upaje che ema nathI, paNa indriyA sAthe saMbaMdha rUpe ja e padArthanuM astitva che, eTale ke jo e padArtha che te tene dezakAla lAgelA ja che. paNa A siddhAntanAM aMte rUpe letAM emAMthI eTaluM te kulita thayuM ja ke je padArtha indriyAtIta che te dezagata ke kAlagata hoI na zake. AthI ATalI vAta spaSTa che ke AtmA jIvAtmA tema ja paramAtmA--je indriyAtIta che. tene dezagata ke kAlagata mAnavA e bhUla che. ane jo AtmAne deza ke kAlanA upAdhi lAgatA nathI, te pachI jIvAtmA ane paramAtmAne eka khIjAthI pRthak pADavA e saMbhavatuM nathI. vaLI kAnTe bIjuM e batAvyuM che ke jema manuSyanuM aindriyaka jJAna viSaya mAtrane deza ane kAlanAM bImAMmAM DhALe che, tema sUnuSyanI muddhi paNa viSayane amuka khImAMmAM ja utArI le che--arthAt e amuka AkAre ja viSayane ka2e che. A AkAra te dravya-guNu-kAraNasaMkhyA vagere che. kAntanA A siddhAntamAM paNa pAchaLathI evA sudhArA AvyA che ke viSaya svataH--svatantra--kAI padArtha nathI, paNa buddhinA viSaya rUpe ja enuM astitva che, eTale prathama padArtha svatantra siddha hAya ane pachIthI e buddhinA viSaya ane ema thatuM nathI. paNa A mULa siddhAnta lA yA enA sudhArA leA, ubhayamAMthI eTaluM kulita thAya che ke je padArtha manuSyaSuddhinA viSaya ja nathI enI sAthe dravya guNu kAraNa saMkhyA vagerenA vicArA joDavA e bhUla che. paNa saguNavAdI ane dvaitavAdI kaheze ke e padArtha manuSyamuddhine viSaya nathI ema kANu kahe che? AnA uttara ke tattvajJAnane prayAsa manuSyaSuddhine viSaya zeAdhIne viramatA nathIH tattvajJAna samakSa mahAprazna paDelA che te e ke manuSyamuddhi pAte ja zenA thakI khanI rahI che? arthAt manuSyaSuddhinI hAme viSaya rUpe eka padArtha batAvavAthI e buddhinA khulAse| thatA nathI; e khulAsA mATe te e addinI pAchaLa javuM joI e, arthAt adhiSThAna rUpe kAIka padArtha mAnave joI e. ane tethI dravya guNa saMkhyA Adi buddhinA AkArA je buddhithI zarU thAya che tene buddhinI pelI pAranA--adhiSThAnabhUta-padArthane lagADavA e bhrama che. buddhinI pAchaLa--pelI pAra----javuM azakya lAgatuM hAya tA enA ane adhiSThAnanA

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horI " 307 eTale cita ane satane abheda mAne; paNa buddhi ane buddhinA viSayane eka saMkalanAmAM jeDayA vinA, arthAta baMnenI eka adhikAnamAM ekatA pharyA vinA, ke nathI. A adhikAna-padArtha jagata rUpe kema banyo ene vicAra pahelI "harI "mAM thaI gaye. bIjI baherI"mAM e padArtha chavabhAva zI rIte pAmyo ene vicAra cAle che. temAM ATalI carcAne ane have ApaNe enA khAsa siddhAnta upara AvyA. eka mata e che ke jIva ane jagata e be brahmanA vikAre che. A mata "pariNAmavAda" ane "vikAravAda'ne nAme suprasiddha che, ane e mata zaMkarAcAryanI pUrve paNa hato, ane pAchaLathI zrIvallabhAcArye ene avalaMba karyo che. bIjA mata pramANe, jIva ane jagata be brahmanI zaktio che. A matane "zaktivAdane nAme zaMkarAcArye eka sthaLe ullekha karyo che, ane pAchaLathI rAmAnujAcArye cita ane acitane brahmanI zaktio mAnI che te A ja mata che. trIje "avasthAvAda" che, te pramANe brahmA "apracalitasvarUpa" samudrasthAne che, ane enI "pata (jarA) pracalitAvasthA" te antaryAmI (Izvara) che, ane atyanta pracalitAvasthA" te jIva che. A traNe vAdamAM chavane vikArarUpe vA zaktirUpe vA avasthArUpe satya mAnavAmAM Avyo che. jIvAtmAne paramAtmAnA vikAra rUpe vA anya rUpe satya mAnIne paNa e paramAtmAthI bhinna che ke abhinna e viSe traNa mukhya vAda utpanna thayA che. jIva atyAre paramAtmAthI bhinna che, ane te mekSAvasthAmAM paramAtmA sAthe ekatA pAmaze-nadIo samudramAM bhaLI jAya che te rIte, e eka vAda che; ane te lomi nAmanA AcAryane nAme vyAsa maharSi vedAntasUtramAM nedhA che. bIjo eka vAra e che ke atyAre paNa jIva paramAtmAthI atyanta bhinna nathI, tema atyanta abhinna paNa nathI-jema agninA taNakhA agni che, ane chatAM agnithI judA paNa che athavA te, jema ghaTa e mRttikA ja che, ane mRttikAthI jude paNa che, e rIte. A bhedabhedavAda vedAntasUtramAM vyAsa pahelAMnA AzmaraNya AcAryane kahevAmAM Avyo che. trIje vAda evo che ke atyAre jIva paramAtmAthI bhinna nathI, tema bhinna ane abhinna ema parasparaviruddha dharmavALa paNa nathI. atyAre je avasthAmAM che te avasthAmAM paNa e para

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308 ' herI" mAtmAthI abhinna ja che. A vAda vedAntasUtramAM jaNAvyA pramANe kAzakRtna RSine che. paNa atyAre je avasthAmAM che te avasthAmAM paNa e paramAtmAthI abhinna ja che e vAda paNa be rIte samajI zakAya. eka avasthitivAda e che ke acita tema ja cita paramAtmAnAM vizeSaNa rUpe avasthita che, ane paramAtmA e thakI viziSTa che. A rAmAnujAcAryane "yathAvasthita ( che te rUpe ja-avidyAnI kalpanA karyA vinAne) viziSTAdvaitavAda, bIje avasthitivAda evo che ke atyAre che te rUpe paNa jIva paramAtmAthI abhinna ja che, chatAM bhinna bhAse che te avidyAe karIne-A zaMkarAcA ryane suprasiddha kevalAdaitavAda. jIvAtmAnI A dekhAtI bhinnatA aneka rIte samajAvavAmAM AvI, jema darpaNamAM dekhAtuM mukha vAstavika mukhathI bhinna nathI; vA jaLamAM dekhAtuM candranuM pratibimba kharA candrathI bhinna nathI-arthAta ema dekhAyA chatAM be mukha ke be candra thatA nathI--tema brahmanuM avidyAtmika antAkaraNamAM pratibimsa paDavAthI brahmathI jude jIva bhAse che, paNa vastutaH brahma ekaluM ja che. A bimbapratibimbavAda. paNa candra AkAzamAM che ane enuM pratibimba jaLamAM che-eTaluM te daita kharuM ne? Ama zaMkA saMbhave, tethI bIjA zAMkaredAntIo anya daSTAtathI jIva-brahmAne saMbandha samajAve che. jema ghaTAkAza ane mahAkAza judAM nathI-ekanuM eka AkAza chUTe rUpe (anavachinna-rUpe) mahAkAza heya che, ane te ja ghaTanA saMbandha karI (ghaTamAM gherAelA tarIke) ghaTAkAza kahevAya che, tema anavacchinna (vagara gherAelu) cetanya te brahma, ane anta:karaNavacchinna (buddhithI gherAeluM) caitanya te jIva. A avacchedavAda. paNa A vAdamAM paNa-jema AkAzane gheranAra ghaTa nAmano padArtha AkAzathI jude che tema-tanyane gheranAra buddhi yA antaHkaraNane caitanyathI juduM mAnavuM paDe, ane eTalA pUratuM advaitavAdamAM chidra paDe. A zaMkA nivAravA mATe keTalAka zAMkaradAntIo karNa "rAdheya'nA daSTAntathI jIvabrAne saMbandha samajAve che. jema karNa pRthAne putra hato, paNa ajJAne karI potAne rAdhAne putra jANato hato, tema brahma vastutaH brahmA chatAM ajJAne karI pitAne jIva samaje che. A sarva daSTAnta je ke eka bIjA upara sudhAro karatAM dekhAya che- tathApi kharuM jotAM sarvanuM tAtparya eka ja che, ane te game te rIte

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" 3137" 306 advaita pratipAdana karavAnuM. zaMkarAcArye vividha daSTA AvA ja AzayathI jyAM che. paNa pAchaLanA vakhatamAM te te daSTAntane vaLagI paDIne judA judA vAdane virodha upajAvavAmAM AvyuM che te A tAtparya na samajavAthI ja. brahmane kaI paNa daSTAnta lAgu paDI zake ja nahi-jaDane ciMtanya daSTAntathI kathavuM, ke caitanyane jaDanA dRSTAntathI kathavuM e khoTuM che, ane chatAM emanAM svarUpa samajAvavA mATe evAM daSTAnta lIdhA vinA cAlatuM nathI. daSTAne laIne yAda rAkhavAnI vAta eTalI ja che ke daSTAnta * The dread of anthropomorphism is childish. We cannot help the use of figures of speech, and if we discard some, we are sure to make use of others. Who but a pedant would object to our speaking allegorically and metaphorically of the sun rising, of the sea roaring, of the wind whispering; or of the mind as clear, or calm, or cloudy? All human speech is a mosaic of symbols, which we use consciously or unconsciously. Do yon know more or less of the sun or the sea, when we describe them in figurative language gathered from human nature, or when we adopt the strictly scientific phrases of astronomy or physiography ? Similarly, do we know more or less of the soul when we describe it in terms fetched from outward Nature, or from its own interior realm ? It would seem that we discern the state of the case most clearly, and record our insight best, when we gather our phrases in each instance from the opposite realm; when we describe Mind in teims of matter, and Matter in teims of mind. If this be so, it will also be found that, in thc moments of highest insight into what is mysterious, and hidden from our faculties, we instinctively clothe our insight in the raiment of metaphor, While we perhaps feel that "all that we know is that we know nothing," we nevertheless succeed best, in expressing the little we do know when we set it forth symbolically. We get behind the metaphor, we break the shell of allegory, to extract the kerrnnel of fact; but we approach far nearer to the centre of things, when we make use of concrete aids to abstract thought, than when we discard them, and try to reach the shrine of pure beug, per saltunz"-Prof. Fraser,

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10 " hArI ". jIva-brAne saMbandha siddha karavA mATe nathI, paNa e saMmanya samajAvavA mATe che. A rIte jotAM pUrvokta sarva dRSTAntamAMthI samajavAnI vAta eka ja che ke brahma ajJAne karI anyathA ( chavarUpe ) bhAse che, paNa anyathA zabdanA prayAgathI paNu ema samajavAnuM nathI ke kAI anya brahmAthI judA--padArthe che. anyathA bhAse che--eTale ke anyathA nathI ane chatAM bhAse che; Ama nathI kahIne bhAse che. kahevAthI dvaitApatti thatI nathI. pRthvI sthira nathI ane chatAM sthira bhAse che ema kahevAthI e sthira thaI jatI nathI; sUrya pRthvInI AsapAsa krUratA nathI ane chatAM karatA bhAse che ema kahevAthI te karatA thatA nathI--e rIte. tAtparya eTaluM ja che ke leAkeAmAM anAdi kALathI cAlatI AvelI samajaNa kheATI che--anAdi kALathI ApaNe 'jIva' 'jIva' evA adhyAreApa ( brahmamAM AreApa ) karatA AvyA chIe, e adhyAreApane jJAnavaDe apavAda' karavAnA che--e adhyArApa te adhyArApa che, arthAt khATA che ema samajavAnuM che, ane je nathI te bhAse che ema kahevAthI dvaita prApta thatuM nathI; paNa ulaTuM, pahelI 'hArI" ne ante batAvyuM hatuM tema, pita (bhAse ) ane sat (che) sAthe advaita pratipAdita thAya che. " Ama, dvaitavAda--viziSTAdvaitavAda-ane kevalAdvaitavAda ema traNa bhUmikAnA prAsAdamanuSyanI dhArmika buddhie racele che. enI trIjI bhUmikAe caDhI brahmAnandasvAmI kahe che ke A 'tana' rUpI galIomAM zrIkRSNa paramAtmA puddhi rUpI 'vRSamAnajicorI '--rAdhikA sAthe hArI" khelI rahyo che. pAMca indriyA rUpI 'sakhI' pAMca viSayeA rUpI raMga bharI bharIne 'rAdhikA ' ne Ape che; ane ' rAdhikA ' e rga laI ne zyAma' upara nAMkhe che; ethI enuM saghaLu zarIra bhIjAI jAya che-ane e bhIjAvAmAM pete Ananda mAne che. e AnandamAM e ' rAdhikA ' nA veSa dhare che, eTale ke paramAtmA buddhi sAthe tanmayatA pAme che. ane ema ceAtarak * avidyA ' / 'jJAna' macI rahetAM muddinA vaiSadhArI paramAtmA svarUpanuM bhAna bhUlI khese che. ema saMsAravanamAM ramatAM ramatAM ghaNA kALa vItI gayA, paNa tenI ene khabara paDI nahi. Akhare jyAre kAI sat guru maLyo tyAre ene 'sakhIe'nA saMga chUTayA, ane e sva-svarUpabhUta yajJAnanda pAmyA. atre eTaluM samajavA jevuM che ke rAdhikA ' e sAttvika muddinuM rUpaka che; arthAt paMcendriyanA viSaye paNa sAttvikabuddhipuraHsara bhAgavavAmAM Ave te ja pariNAme jJAna upaccha brahmAnanda prApta >

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" hArI, 11 thAya. vaLI, jema kRSNanuM rAdhikA sAthe ramavuM te kevaLa niSi-nikSepa ramata rUpa hatuM, tema paramAtmA paNa buddhinA saMgamAM cidAbhAsa banelA dekhAtAM chatAM, buddhithI nirlipta ane sa` AbhAsarahita kaivala caitanyadhana kAyama rahe che. vaLI, krAine ema zakA thatI hoya ke jagadguru kRSNa bhagavAnane guru kevA ?--tA e zaMkA vAstavika che. paNa brahmAnanda svAmIne A asaMbhava ajANyA nahatAH jene guru saMbhavI ja na zake tene guru ArapavAmAM emanuM sUkSma tAtparya evA dhvani upajAvavAnuM che kharI vastu sthitimAM te na racAtA na cAllR ne zio na zikSA" guru nathI, ziSya nathI, zAstra nathI, zAstranA upadeza nathI--chatAM e sarva kalpanA jyAM sudhI ApaNe anyane khareA mAnIe tyAM sudhI Avazyaka che; paNa paramAbhAmAM vastutaH andha nathI tema meAkSa paNa nathI, eTale guru vagere vAta kevaLa adhyArApa ja che. vastutaH tA-- "" k na nirodho na cotpattirna baddho na ca sAdhakaH na mumukSurna vai mukta ityeSA paramArthatA |" " nAza nathI, utpatti nathI; adda nathI, sAdhaka nathI; mumukSu nathI, mukta nathI--e ja kharekharI vAta che." ane tethI pUrvokta prAsAdanI bhUmikAnA dhvajAgraMthI, ane te paNa nIce ke UMce nahi paNa eka akhaMDAkAra dRSTi nAMkhIne, avADmanasageAcara AkAzanI bhavyatAthI mUka banatAM banatAM zrI zaMkarAcAya uccArI jAya che ken cakaM tadanyadvitIyaM kutaH syAt 66 na vA kevalatvaM na cAkevalatvam / na zUnyaM na cAzUnyama dvaitakatvAt kathaM sarvavedAntasiddhaM bravImi // " ,, ( eka nathI tyAM e kyAMthI hoya ?; dhruvala nathI tema akevala paNa nathI; zUnya nathI, tema ja anya paNa nathI. kAraNa ke enAmAM ekakhe, kevala-akaivala, zUnya-azanya evuM dvaita nathI. sa` vephrAnta thakI siddha evA ene huM zI rIte kazu ? ) [ vasanta, vaizAkha, saM. 1962 ]

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312 vAminAvatAra * * 13 vAmanAvatAra viSNornu ke vIryANi pravoca yaH pArthivAni vimame rajAMsi / yo askamAyadusaraM sadhasthaM vickrmaannnedhorugaayH|| yasya zrI pUrNA madhunA padAnyakSIyamANA svadhayA mdNti| ya u tridhAtu pRthivImuta dyAmeko dAdhAra bhuvanAni vizvA / urukramasya sa hi bandhuritthA viDavie vle ghara adA karU che ( vevasaMhitA -194) ApaNumAM vAmanabalirAjAnuM AkhyAna suprasiddha che. ema kahevAya che ke jyAre bhagavAna vAmana avatAra laI balirAjA pAse bhikSA yAcavA AvyA, ane balirAjAe e ApavA kabUla karyuM, tyAre bhagavAne sADAtraNa pagalAM bhUmi mAgIH balirAjAe e ApI. bhagavAne eka pagale pRthvInuM, bIje pagale svargAdi(madhyaloka)nuM, ane trIje pagale dukanuM AkramaNa karI, aDadhuM pagaluM kyAM mUkavuM ema prazna karyo. tyAre balirAjAe pitAnuM zira dharyuM, je upara bhagavAne potAnuM caraNakamala mUkyuM, ane e rIte balirAjAne kRtArtha karyo. A kathAmAMthI je aneka satyonuM sandahana thaI zake che temAMnuM eka A pramANe che -bhagavAna paramAtmA svArthatyAgIne ghera AvI UbhA rahe che; ane eka vakhata vAmana-hAnA-svarUpamAM paNa jo e manuSya AgaLa pratyakSa thAya che to pachI jema jema manuSya svArtha tyAga karavA tatpara thatuM jAya che tema tema paramAtmAnuM svarUpa krame krame vistarI samasta jagatane-prathama A lokane, pachI svargane, ane chevaTe brahmalokane-bharI

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vAmanAvatAra 313 nAMkhe che; ane enI pAse paramAtmAne arpaNa karavA mATe peAtAnI gaNI zakAya evI eka paNa vastu avaziSTa rahetI nathI. Akhare e peAtAnA AtmA paNa ene samapI de che, ane e samarpaNamAM ja e kRtakRtyatA pAme che. tAtparya ke (1) manuSye Izvarane zeAdhavA bhaTakavuM paDe ema nathI. enAmAM svArthatyAganI vRtti haze to nhele meADe e svayaM AvI Ubhe raheze. (2) dharmabhAvanA prathama A indriyagrAhya jaDa jagatane; pachI A ubhayathI, para ~~ vizvanI nyAyamaya vyavasthA khAtara svIkArelA--svargane; pachI ubhayathI para paNa chavathI bhinna mAnelA evA saguNabrahmarUpI chAleAkane; ane Akhare jIvAtmAne paramAtmAnA svarUpathI bharI nAMkhe che. A rIte A AkhyAyikAmAMthI ApaNune dharmanA (1) nidAna ( Origin )sambandha ane (2) vikAsa ( Growth ) sabaMdhe bahu upayeAgI kheAdha maLe che, jenuM vizeSa spaSTIkaraNuM ane karavA jevuM che. dharmanA nidAna viSe anAdikALathI aneka tarkI thatA AvyA che. leAkAyatikA dharmane dhRta janeAe kalpelI vyavasthA mAnatA. plininuM evuM kahevuM hatuM ke dharma kevala azakti ane bhayamAMthI ja utpanna thAya che, ane A jagathI para kAI Izvara evA padArtha hAya tA paNa enuM jJAna thavuM sarvathA azakya che. ApaNA NA greDayueTA paNa vicAreavi cAre kAMIka AvA ja matanuM grahaNa karI le che. vartamAna saikAmAM yUropanA keTalAka anIzvaravAdI tathA jaDavAdI vidvAnAe dharmanI utpatti samanye anekAneka kalpanAo racI che, ane emAM te jaMgalI prajAeAnA avaleAkananuM pramANa Ape che. teonA sAmAnya rIte ema batAvavAnA yatna che ke dharma e eka vakhata upayAgI vyavasthA hatI; kadAca hejI paNa upaceAgI che ema kahI zakAya, paNa emAM yathArthatAnuM ke AvazyakatAnuM kAMI tattva nathIH * paramezvara, AtmA,' amRtatva, ' * kartavya, ' ( paramatattva prati javAbadArI )Adi vicArA manuSyane sAmAjika niyatraNamAM rAkhavA mATe mAtra upayegI yuktio che; e karatAM emAM adhika gaMbhIratA ke sattva nathI. keTalAkanA matamAM, svapnanA anubhavamAMthI pretanI, pretamAMthI AtmAnI, ane AtmAmAMthI paramAtmAnI kalpanA thaI; tA khIjA keTalAka, paDachAyA ane pratibiMba jevA manAvAne ja e kalpanAnuM prathama kAra mAne che. keTalAka kahe che ke jaMgalI avasthAmAM manuSyane prakRtinA saMkSeAbhaka anAvA joI ne bhaya utpanna thAya che temAMthI dharmanA udaya cheH tA keTalAka batAve che ke gaganama`DaLanI bhavya ane sundara racanA joI thatA Azcarya " " " " 40

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314 vAmanAvatAra mAMthI dharmanA prAdurbhAva che. keTalAka pitRpUjAne dharmanuM AdisvarUpa mAne che. tA keTalAka vArApaNurUpI-sarvatra peAtAnuM pratibiMba jovAnA manuSyamuddhinA eka svAbhAvika valaNumAMthI jagatanA padArthomAM manuSyane zvarabhAvanA thaI AvI, ane e rIte anekadevavAda prathama utpanna thayA ema kahe che. AvA AvA aneka tarko (je suprasiddha chatAM, manuSyamuddine anIzvaravAda keTalA jorathI vamaLamAM nAMkhIne mathe che, ane kevA tarehatarehavAra vicArA jhADe che enuM pUratuM bhAna karAvavA mATe anne ekaThA karelA che--evA aneka tarko ) karI te bhaya Azcarya kalpanA ke svamAdikanI bhrAntine samagra dharmabhAvanAnuM nidAna mAne che. paNa vastutaH A sarva tA~ apratiti che, kRtrima che, sahasA ekAda sAmAnya niyama ghaDI kADhavAnA prayatnamAMthI ja upajI AvyA che, ane itihAsamAM pratyakSa thatA manuSyasvabhAva ja emane asiddha TharAvavA mATe masa che. " draupadInAM cIra " jevA dharmabhAvanAnA divyapaTA kutarkarUpI duHzAsanane hAthe jema jema utAravAmAM Ave che tema tema pratiyane paramAtmAnI cAjanAthakI navA peTA pUrAtA jAya che, ane keTalIkavAra teA e paTe| evI anupama sundaratA ane bhavyatAnA tejamAM prakAze che ke duSTamAM duSTa ane nAstikamAM nAstika hRdaya paNa e tarapha dRSTi nAMkhatAM, kSaNavAra enI adbhutatAnA camatkArathI vismita thaI stabdha ane che. bheAjAnI vIravANImAM-- " prathama satayugamAM prahalAdane pIyei, bhIDiyA thaMbha te leAha tAtA; ( tAye ) dhIra nava DikayA, bhayathI nava bhakiyA, kiyA zeSa zaileAya jAte. ! ! ! - have kahA ke je vRttimAM AvuM adbhuta baLa preravAnI zakti che, te dhruvaLa, ' seAsAiTI' ( janamaDaLa ) ne niyatraNamAM rAkhavA mATe UbhI karelI yukti ja ? svapna, pratibiMba AdinA darzanamAMthI nIpajelI eka mhoTI bhUla ja ? ke hindusthAnane DUmAvanArI eka bhrAnti ja ? paNa ema mAnavuM azakya che. tyAre dharmanuM nidAna zuM ? manuSyanI dhArmika vRtti. AthI khulAse zA thayA? dharma kayAMthI AvyA te dharmamAMthI, ema kahevA samAna A uttara che. ethI dharmanA nidAna upara kAMI ja ajavALu' paDayuM nahi'--ema

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vAmanAtAra 15 kadAca kahevAze. paraMtu enA samAdhAnamAM kahevAnuM ke vastusthiti ja evI che. dharma manuSyane sahaja che, amuka amuka vRttimAMthI bhrAnti thaIne dharma utpanna thaye ema nathI. paNa jema manuSyane jevuM sAMbhaLavuM khAvuM pIvuM haLavuM maLavuM ityAdithI AraMbhI, gRha rAjya sAhitya kalA Adi mahAna tanno vistAravAM, emAM bhAga levo, emAM AtmAnubhava ane AtmasaMtoSa karavo e svAbhAvika che, tema dharmane AvirbhAva paNa enAmAM svabhAvathakI ja thAya che. hemara ThIka ja kahe che ke - "As young birds open their mouths for food, all men crave for the gods." (="jema pakSInAM baccAM khorAka mATe cAMca ughADe che, tema sarva manuSyane IzvaranI AkAMkSA rahe che.) pUrvokta vidvAnI bhUla e thAya che ke jene teo dharmanuM Adi kAraNa kahe che te vastutaH enA AvirbhAvanA mAtra prasaMge ja che--jene vedAntanI paribhASAmAM AvibhAvanA upAdhio kahIe te che. amuka dezakALamAM parama tattvanI bhAvanAe amuka svarUpa lIdhu, bIje bIjuM lIdhuM ityAdithI siddha e thAya che ke te te dezakALAdi upAdhio dharmanA AkAranI vividhatAmAM hetubhUta che, dharmanA astitvamAM nahi-arthAta ethI dharmanA AvibhavanuM vaiciya phalita thAya che, dharmanI svabhAvasiddhatAne niSedha thatuM nathI. manuSya gaganamaMDaLanI bhavyatA ke zAMti joI parama tatvanA svarU5nI amuka kalpanA karI, pracaMDa vAyu prakopa joI bIjI karI, pitA- putrane neha joI trIjI karI, paraMtu e sarvamAM parama tattvanuM astitva te samAna rIte svIkArAelu ja che. paraMtu hajI eka zaMkA UbhI rahe che ke dharma svabhAvasiha bhale hoya paNa jyAM sudhI vicAraSTie enI yathArthatA siddha thaI nathI tyAM sudhI buddhimAna manuSya svIkAravA jevo e padArtha nathI. A zaMkAnA uttaramAM kahI zakAze ke enuM svabhAvasiddha anivArya--hevuM e ja vicAramAM levAnI eka sAdhAraNa dalIla nathI. paNa kharuM jotA e jema svabhAvasiddha che, tema vicArasiddha paNa sArI rIte che. manuSyane samagra AtmA pawtarA sAthe nikaTa saMbadha dharAve che. enI Indriyone vyApAra parama tattvanA sibdha upara ja cAle che. je je viSayonuM e grahaNa kare che e e mahAna sibdha upara taratA dvIpa jevA, athavA vadhAre ghaTatuM upamAna

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koIka ( anAthanana deza bhave che? vaLI A te mA mA astitva vizvanI kaI ka AbhAmAMthI kema 316 vAmanarAvatAra laIe te buddabu jevA che. ghaTapaTAdi viSayajAtane enI AsapAsa vistaratA tema ja enA aMtaramAM pravezI rahelA anactAnA sAgarathI pRthak pADI grahaNa karavA yatna kare eTale tarata jaNAze ke enA vinA te , tamArI dRSTi AgaLa kevaLa aMdhakAra-jJAnahIna, vyavasthAhIna, svarUpa hIna kAMIka (-eTaluM ja che, je che eTaluM kahevuM paNa zakya nathI. vaLI samagra vizvanuM vizvarUpe-anAdananta dezakALamAM paraspara saMbaddha padArthonI ekatAnI mUrtirUpe grahaNa thavuM AtmA vinA saMbhave che? vaLI A AtmA te mAre ja (anta:karaNavacchinnacita rUpa) AtmA? mArA ( antaH karAvacchinna) AtmAnuM astitva vizvanI kAMIka anubhavaviSayatAno khulAso karI zake, paNa vizva che-sarvane mATe "che-ema e AtmAmAMthI kema siddha thAya? mATe e AtmA-parama AtmA-svIkAravo joIe ke jenuM A samagra vizva dazya che, ane jenI dRSTi sadA yathArtha che; ane jenI e yathArtha daSTi sAthe mArI dRSTi meLavavI enuM nAma vizvanuM yathArthe jJAna prApta karavuM che. tAtparya ke jJAnamAM je pramA-apramAne bheda paDe che tene ekajIvavAda svIkAravAthI, athavA to antamAM ekatArahita aneka jIvonuM prativyakti svataMtra astitva svIkAravAthI, khulAso thaI zakatuM nathIH aneka jIvo AgaLa pramA (yathArthajJAna) nI bhAvanA eka ja che ethI eka parama AtmAnuM astitva siddha thAya che. vaLI "sAyansa" nA anumAnAdi vyApAra paNa paramAtmAnuM astitva ane paramAtmAnI zraddheyatA svIkArIne ja pravarte che, ane "sAyansa" nA vijayanI patAkArUpa "kAraNutA"zabdane artha paNa enuM astitva svIkAryA vinA banI zakato nathIH kAraNutAmAM pratIta thatuM raNa caitanya vinA ane vizvaskuraNa vicitanya (paramAtmA) vinA asaMbhavita che. hajI prazna thaze ke dharma svabhAvathakI ja siddha hoya te pachI dhArmika thavAne prayatna karavAnI zI jarUra ? uttara ke--dharma svabhAvasiddha che ene ema arthe nathI ke sarve sarakhI rIte dhArmika thaelA che paNa ene artha evo che ke dharmavRtti sarvamAM svAbhAvika rIte ja bIjarUpe rahelI che, jene spaSTa vikasAvavI e ApaNuM kartavya che. ema thavAmAM mukhya antarAya svArthatyAgavRttine abhAva che. kharI vAta che ke svArthatyAga hovA chatAM paNa spaSTa-AstikatA-dhArmikatA hotI nathI. paraMtu Ama thavAnuM kAraNa yogya vicArane abhAva che. jalasiMcanane abhAve bIjamAMthI vRkSa ubhava na pAme emAM bIjanuM bIja- bAdhita thatuM nathI, tema vicArane abhAve

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vAmanAvatAra 17 tyAgavRtti dharmamAM na pariName emAM enI dharma pratikAraNutA asiddha thatI nathI. svAthaeNtyAga dharmabhAvanAnuM khIja che ema kahI zakAya, svAthaeNtyAga eTale sva karatAM adhika pradezamAM AtmAnI vizAlatA anubhavavI; ane A anubhavanuM khIjAM nAma dharmAcaraNa che. dharmanA nidAnaviSe--athavA upara sthApelA siddhAnta lakSamAM rAkhIne kheAlIe tA, dharmanI sahajatA viSe ATaluM vivecana bahu che. ApaNe atre eTalu joyuM ke dharmanA pAye satya upara che, e pAyeA kRtrima nathI paNa sahaja che, ane enA AvirbhAvamAM mukhya hetu svAetyAga che. have enA vikAsakrama upara AvIeka 2. dharmanA vikAsakrama sarve dezamAM eka ja prakAranA jovAmAM AvatA nathI. keTaleka ThekANe eka adhika pagathiyuM STigAcara thAya che to keTaleka ThekANe amuka pagathiyAnA abhAva ja jaNAya che. kvacit malinatAmAMthI kramekrame zuddhi thatI jovAmAM Ave che, teA kvacit zuddhimAMthI adhapAta thaI malinatA utpanna thatI najare paDe che, paraMtu A sthaLe ApaNe kAI paNa dharmanAM aitihAsika pagalAM tapAsavA icchA nathI. eTale A aDacaNu ApaNane bahu naDaze nahi. ApaNe te manuSyane svArthe tyAga vadhatA Ave, ane kramekrame dharmabhAvanA taddanusAra vRddhi pAmatI Ave te e ubhayanuM svarUpa kevu baMdhAtuM Ave che, eTalu ja nakkI karavA yatna karavAnA che. A nirNaya uparanI AkhyAyikAmAM karavAmAM AvyA che. ane emAM nIce mujaba kramanuM darzana thAya cheH-~~~ (1) kvacit kvacit svAthaeNtyAga, ( 2 ) sarvatra svArthatyAganA saMkalpa, (3) aihikapaDhAnA tyAga, (paraMtu te sAthe) svarga (4) svAtyAga saguNabrahmarUpa brahmaleAka dhyAtAdhyeyanA bheda (5) dhyAtA---ceyanI ekarasatA H AtmatyAga paramAtma tuSTi:=trakSanirvAna (1) pUrve sUcavAI gayuM che ke svAthaeNtyAga paramAtmadarzana mATe jarUranuM pagaluM che, ja galImAM jaMgalI manuSya paNa peAtAnI mAnelI evI ekAda cIja peAtAnA devane arpavI Avazyaka gaNe che. pRthvI upara kAI paNa

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318 vAminAvatAra, e dharma nathI ke jemAM kAMIpaNa svasukhane tyAga karyA vinA mAtra prArthanA karavAthI ja paramAtmA prasanna rahe che ema mAnavAmAM AvatuM hoya. vaLI jyAM sudhI manuSya svArthatyAga karatA nathI tyAM sudhI e prakRtinI bhUmikA upara ja (piMDamAM ja) potAnA svarUpanI samApti mAne che. e svArthatyAgamAM Ananda mAne che e ja prakRtithI para aneka AtmAone potAnA svarUpamAM saMgrahatI, evI je paramAtmAnI bhUmikA che ene svIkAra batAve che. paraMtu ApaNuM kathAmAMthI ATalo ja bodha levAne heta te te bahu na hatuM. AmAMthI eka adhika upadeza kheMcavAne che ane te e ke (2) tyAgavRttinI manuSya upara je je mAgaNIo thAya che te te sarva siddha karavAne enA taraphathI nizcaya thavo joIe, ane e nizcaya heya te ja paramAtmadarzana thAya che. sAdhAraNa tyAga to manuSya aneka prasaMge kare che. paraMtu jyAM sudhI "tyAgavRttinI eTale kartavyabuddhinI mArI pAse je je mAgaNIo thaze te te sarva siddha karavAne huM taiyAra chuM evo balirAjAnA jevo daDha saMkalpa thayo nathI tyAM sudhI paramAtmadarzana dUra che. AvI mAgaNIo varSanA amuka divase ke divasanA amuka kalAke ke kSaNe thAya che ema nathI, paNa pratikSaNa manuSyanAM jhINuM jhINuM kRtyo paratve paNa e mAgaNI jArI ja che. kartavyabuddhinI A mAgaNuo paramAtmA khAtara ja pUrepUrI saMtoSI zakAya che. mATe A bhikSA paramAtmAe yAcI ema ApaNuM AkhyAyikA kahe che. keTalAka tyAga kIrti khAtara, rUDhi khAtara, lokaci khAtara, sagAMsaMbaMdhI khAtara paNa thaI zake che. paraMtu e sarva tyAgane hada che. jyAM sudhI e tyAgapreraka padArthamAM baLa hoya che tyAM sudhI ja e thaI zake che, ane A baLa paramAtmA zivAya anyatra anahada mApamAM bhaLavuM azakya che. jyAM tyAgane hada nathI tyAM paramAtmA pratyakSa che ja; kAraNa, manuSya pAse sarva "sva" ahaMtAmamatAnuM saMpUrNa adhikAna-harI levAnI zakti kevaLa emAM ja-tti mAM ja-che. ane jyAM anahada tyAgane saMkalpa che, tyAM rahelo moDo paNa e pratyakSa thayA vinA raheto nathI. juo balirAjAnuM adbhuta dRSTAnta! paNa A uccabhAvanAjanya saMkalpa keTale badhe svArthatyAga mAgI le che e vAtanuM daityagura" (zukrAcArya)-ravArthavRtti-ne pUrepUrU bhAna che, ane tethI e dAnazIla balirAjAne svArthatyAgI AbhAne-jeje, A paramAtmA che;

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vAminAvatAra 319 e tAruM sarvasva harI jaze ema bhaya batAve che. paNa daDha saMkalpavALA balirAjAne A vhIka asara karI zakatI nathI--ema kathA kahe che. (3) A rIte svArthatyAga dhArmikatAmAM pariNamyA pachI e nUtana dazAnuM prathama svarUpa batAvatAM AkhyAyikA kahe che ke "vAmana bhagavAne ' pahele pagale pRthvInuM AkramaNa karyuM." paramAtmA khAtara A lekanA padArthane tyAga e A dhArmikavRttinI nIsaraNanuM paheluM pagathiyuM che, mAtra paheluM ja eTalA mATe ke hajI e dizAmAM manuSya svargalokamAM e tyAgane badale maLaze ema AzA ane IcchA rAkhe che; ane eTale daraje e utaratI bhUmikA che. A utaratI bhUmikAnA puruSa saMbaMdhe bhagavadgItA kahe che"evN trayIdharmamanuprapannA gatAgataM kAmakAmA labhante" = "jeo (sthUla) vekta dharmane amuka kAmapratyartha Azraya kare che teo svarga ane mRtyuloka vacce jA Ava kare che;" arthAta emane zAzvata brahmapadanI prApti thatI nathI. (4) AthI caDhatI bhUmikAe pahoMcatAM manuSya Aloka ane para(svarga) loka ubhayanI lAlasA tyaje che, ane sarva bhamakArAspada padArthane tyAga karI prabhusevA karavI emAM kRtakRtyatA mAne che. paraMtu hajI A dazA madhyama paMktinI che, uttamottama nathI. A dazAmAM yadyapi mamakArano tyAga thayo che tathApi ahaMkAra jAgrata cheH hajI ahaMkArAspada jIvanuM prabhune caraNe samarpaNa thayuM nathI--ApaNuM vedAntanI bhASAmAM, brahmAkAravRtti skurIne jIva "ziva'-rU5 thayo nathI. (5) e samarpaNa thavuM, e "ziva" rUpatA prApta karavI e parama siddhinI dazA che-jemAM ahaM" ke "mama" bemAMthI eka paNa padArtha avaziSTa rahetuM nathI. je kare che te prabhu ja kare che. "darivAra rijaat" ApanAra-lenAra ubhaya hari ja che, evo UMDI satyatAne bharelo. anubhava thAya che - " "jema dIpaka te vahani, vani dIpaka nahi dee; tema sevaka svAmI jANa, vANI kevAnI he; jema sUrajane kIrNa, caraNa samukha jema dehe; tema che A vyavahAra, pAra jaDe re he; jIvanmukta kahevAya akhA, vacana na lAge te sthaLe gurugape AlocatAM, sahejapaNe sarve kaLe." * * ane

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30 vAmanAvatAra 'In such access of mind, in such high hour Of visitation from the living God, Thought was not, in enjoyment it expired. No thanks he breathed, he proffered no request.SS vaLI dhyAtAnA svarUpamAM arthAt dhArmika maneAbhAvamAM kramekrame vikAsa thatA Ave che, eTaluM ja nahi, paNa dhyeyamAM arthAt cintanaviSaya paramAtmAnA svarUpamAM paNa vikAsakrama cheH--(1) amuka amuka aihika padArthImAM ja paramAtmadarzana karavuM e ( eka rIte) sauthI utaratI bhUmikA che. (2) paramAtmAne sarva aihika padArthImAM vikAe e karatAM U~cu' pagathiyuM che. (3) svargavAsI eka vyaktirUpe kalpavA e e karatAM ( amuka rIte ) caDhatI bhAvanA che. (4) ihaleAka ane svargalAka ubhaya karatAM adhika, paNa AtmAthI bhinna evA sadguNa brahma (Izvara) rUpe mAnave! e ceAthuM svarUpa che. (5) AtmAmAM paNa pratyakSa jovA e chelluM prAptavya che. mATe tyAgI lirAjA AgaLa bhagavAna prathama yajJabhUmimAM, pachI purAdazyamAna jagamAM, pachI svargamAM, pachI brahma (dhu) leAkamAM ane chevaTe AtmAmAM paNa pratyakSa thayA ema kahyuM che. A pramANe uparanI kathAmAMthI eka medha levAnA che. Adha laI taddanusAra dhArmikatAmAM pagalAM bharavA yatna karavAnA che. " hiraNmayena pAtreNa satyasyApihitaM mukham / tavaM pUSannapAvRNu satyadharmAya dRSTaye // "" $ Wordsworth. [ sudarzana : julAI 1900 ]

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dAsyabhakti 321 14. hAsyabhakti mane cAkara rAkhojI-(Teka) cAkara rahanuM bAga lagAsu, nita uTha darazana pAsu, vRndAvanakI kuJjagalinameM, tArI lIlA gAsu-mane0 harehare saba bAga banAUM, bica bica rAkho bArI, sA~valiyAke darazana pAsu, pahira kusumbI sArI-mane0 yogI AyA yoga karaNako, tapa karaNe saMnyAsI, haribhajanako sAdhu Ave, vRndAvanake vAsI-mane0 mIrAM ke prabhu gaharagabhIrA, hRdaya dharyo jI dhIrA, Adhi rAta prabhu darazana de hai, premanadIke tIrA-mane baMgALAnA suprasiddha kavi ane nATakakAra dvijendralAla zayanA putra bAbu dilIpakumAra rAya baMgALI sAhitya pariSaddanA adhivezanamAM bhAga levA ane banArasa) AvyA hatA. e sundara zailImAM bahu madhura kaMThe gAI zake che-cUpamAM paNa pharI AvyA che ane tyAMnA saMgItane paNa paricaya dharAve che. emaNe amAre tyAM (yunivarsiTimAM) saMgItanA be jalasA karyA, temAM bahu ja madhura bhAvathI ane asarakAraka rIte emaNe uparanuM kAvya gAyuM hatuM. kAvya ane saMgIta eka bIjAthI svatanna kalA hAIne paNa jyAre paraspara saMzleSathI ekanikatA balake ekarUpatA pAme che, tyAre ene rasa kAMIka judo ja bane che. AvA asAdhAraNa rasane sAkSAtkAra A prasaMge amane thayo hato. A kAvya gUjarAtImAM prasiddha thaelA mIrAMnA padasaMgrahamAM che ke nahi e mane yAda nathI. paNa bAbu dilIpakumAre kahyuM ke e rAjapUtAnAmAMthI ekaThAM karelAM mIrAMnAM padamAMnuM eka che. cAkara rAkhene (vA, rAkhe)"--e TekamAM " pu Saor di sAca" e bhAgavatanA gApikAgItane pratidhvani zravaNe paDe che, bAkInAM bhAva ane kalpanA taddana svataMtra che. A kAvyamAM karmayoga ane bhaktiyogane samanvaya karavAne upadeza rahelo che. paraMtu, Ama kahevAmAM huM kAvyanA rasane sUkavI nAMkhate nathI,

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rara dAsyabhakita - puSpa puSpa vanaspatizAstranAM satya zodhanAra vanaspatizAstrI puSpanI ramaNIyatA aY puSpanuM vAstavika jIvana samajhI ke anubhavI zake kharA? eka kavi kahe cheH~~~ "The mind has a thousand eyes And the heart but one; Yet the light of a whole life dies When love is done. " prema e ja dRSTinuM teja che. dRSTie hajArA ho paNa jo emAM prema na heAya te diSTa AMdhaLI ja samajhavI. vijJAnazAstrI bhale hajArA nhAnAM mhoTAM paracuraNa satyA zeAdhe, paNa enI AMkhamAM vastu mATe prema nahi hAya tA ane vastunuM AtmabhUta satya jaDaze ja nahi. A premanuM--ane tethI kavikalpanAnuM--gaurava. ane tethI ja kavinI bhAratI te brahmAnI sRSTithI caDhIAtI eTaluM ja nahi, paNa e parA ane pazyantI' vANI te tattvavicArakanI vaikharI' vANIthI judI ja ane UMcI. chatAM, premamAM je dRSTinuM teja prakaTa thAya che te satyanAM hajArA kiraNAnuM baneluM heAya che. e kiraNAnuM ekIkaraNa e premanA dharma; e tejanuM pRthakkaraNa e dRSTinA dharma. kavikalpanA ane tattvavicAranA saMbandha paNa e ja tarehanA che. kavi mithyA kalpanAnA gheADA doDAve che ema nathI; paNa ulaTuM, kiva ja tattvanuM pUrepUrUM darzana, yathA--arthe anubhava karAvI zake che. tattva je sAmAnya leAkadaSTithI parAkSa rahe che, ene kavi rasa alaMkAra guNa bhAva vagere alaukika sAmagrI vaDe mUrtimanta karIne aparekSa anubhava yAgya anAve che. kavikalpanA e ja tattvAnubhavanI kharI bhASA che; khIjI rIte kahIe teA, tattva e AtmA che, ane kavikalpanA e enuM zarIra che~~ e zarIramAM ja e AtmA prakAze che, acetana leAkavANImAM e prakAzI zakatA nathI. paNa laukika vANI eka kAma kare cheH e zarIra ane AtmAnA zA saMbandha che e viSe e vAtacIta karI zake che. A lekha evI ja ceADI eka sUcaka vAtacIta karavA mATe lakhAele che. bAkI, vastudarzana teA mIrAMnA padamAM ja karI levuM, A lekhamAM e maLaze nahi prabhumAM premanI mUrchA khAvI e ( yAganI paribhASAmAM ) nirvikalpa samAdhi. paraMtu e te jene Ave tene ja Ave, methaiva vRjItte tena hasyaH manuSyayanathI e dhArI ANI zakAtI nathI; sAmAnya manuSya te mAtra e mATe megyatA saMpAdana karavA kAMIka yatna karI zake ane evA

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dAsyabhakti 3ra3 eka yatna te dAsyabhakti, temAM paNa hanumAna upara prabhue dAsyabhaktine jevo boja nAMkhyuM hatuM te e sAmAnya manuSya upara nAMkhatA nathI. sAmAnya manuSya te prabhune "bAga lagAve te basa che. A saMsArarUpI vADImAM manuSya bAgavAnanuM kAma karavAnuM che. jamInane geDIne picI ane rasALa karavAnI che, jhAMkharAM ane kAMTA kADhI nAkhavAnA che, jhADane pINuM pAIne ucheravAnAM che, puSpa vINavAnAM che, mALA gUthavAnI che, prabhune caDhAvavAnI che. rUpaka kADhI nAMkhIne belIe te, manuSya puSkaLa prema prayAsa ane caturAIthI A saMsArane sundara banAvavAnuM che, ane prabhune caraNe caDhAvavAnuM che. mahArI jAtane huM zuddha ane sundara banAvuM ane prabhune arpaNa karuM-kAraNa ke evuM ja arpaNa e svIkAre che-eTaluM paNa basa nathI. mahArI jAtane zuddha ane sundara banAvavAnI sAthe, A saMsArane paNa huM zuddha ane sundara banAvuM evI mArI abhilASA ane kRti hovI joIe. ane te paNa prabhune arthe ja jeNe saMsAra sudhAryo eNe prabhunI sevA karI ja-kAraNa ke saMsAramAMthI bahAra ane jude kaI Izvara nathI ema kahevAmAM Ave paNa vastutaH Ama kahenAra nirIzvaravAdI A saMsAranuM svarUpa samajhavAmAM bhUla kare che. saMsAra pattharanI zilA jevo nathI ke jemA thaI paratatvanuM pratibiMba na paDI zake ke jenI pAra joI zakAtu na hoya. e te nirmaLa kAcanA jevo che, jene para tattvanuM pratibimba jhIlate karo vA jenI pAra para tattvanuM darzana karavuM e ApaNuM hAthamAM che. je manuSya "saMsAramAM sarasa rahIne ja, temAM "saraso" rahIne paNa, "mana"hArI-paramAtmAnI--"pAsa" rAkhe che, te ja jIvananuM parama ane saMpUrNa prayajana siddha kare che. bAgavAnane Ananda mAtra bAgamAM majUrI karavAmAM ja samApta thavo na joIe. bAganAM phUla jeI, bAganA dhaNu pAse jaI enAM darzana karavAnI paNa enI IcchA hovI joIe. mIrAM kahe che ke "vAra rahevuM, vA kuM' paNa tenI ja sAthe "nita 34 rana pAkuM nitya uThIne prabhunAM darzana pAmIzuM e abhilASa vinA jIvana nIrasa che, majurI che, uddezarahita ane AMdhaLuM che. gopIoe prabhunAM gAna gAIne vRndAvananI kuMjagalIone prabhunI baMsarI' samAna karI mUkI hatI. te ja pramANe, mIrAM paNa A saMsArarUpI vRndAvananI kuMjagalIomAM-jyAM paramAtmA bhaktane maLavAne utsuka usuka nitya pharyA kare che-prabhunI lIlA gAvA Icche che "tArI chIchA jANuM" evI abhilASAnA AndramAM rAce che.

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dAsyabhakita bhakata A saMsArarUpI sakaLa vanane lIluMchama--rasabharyuM--vRkSAnI dhaTAthI chavAeluM--banAvavA icche che, ane emAM vacce vacce kuMjamAM khArI rAkhIne zyAmaLiyA 'nAM darzana pAmavA icchA kare che. saMsArI jIvana duHkha ane vaidhavyanuM jIvana nathI, sukha ane saubhAgyanuM jIvana che; mATe mIrAM * dira kunnumvI sArI' kusumbI sADI paherIne prabhunAM darzana karavAnI " utkaMThA dhare che. 14 ' ceAgIe yeAganI kriyAethI, tapasvIe tapathI, saMnyAsIe tyAgathI --prabhune pAmavA mathe che. paNa zrIkRSNe bhagavadgItAmAM kahyuM che tema * anyaoA di gatinuMHvuM phevaddhivAyate --avyaktanA mArga e sukha ane zItaLa chAyAnA mArga nathI. tethI vrundrAyana hai vAsIA saMsAramAM rahenArA--sAdhujana haribhajanathI paramAtmAne pAmavA mAge che. AvI jAtanA sAdhu sAthe besI esIne, leAkalAja khAIne bhajanakIrtana karIne mIrAMe prabhu meLavyA hatA. paNa Ama bhaktirasathI kRtArtha banelI mIrAM anubhavatI chatI, enI 'parAtpara'tAne vIsaratI nathI. svayaMprakAza hAI ne paNa 'gahara gabhIra '--dherA ane kuvaMza mUDhamanupraviSTa ghAdita gaDharekuM chuvALuM " varNavelI enI ' durzatA ' e sArI peThe samaje che. paNa e ' durza 'te hradaya sarase lAvIne aparAkSa karavAnI rIti paNa ene hAtha lAgI che: jeNe prabhune kharA hRdayathI hRdayanAtha karIne mAnyA che tene mIrAM kahe che temaaadhi rAta prabhu darazana de hai premanadIke tIrA " hRdayanAtha ' ne hRdayamAM enA prabhu hRdayamAM UMDA--cheH " taM ityAdi zrutimAM * (C A saMsArarUpI zyAma rajanImAM--aDadhI rAtre prabhu prema nadIne tIre darzana de che. prabhAta thatAM sUryanAM kiraNeAthI rAtri bhedAya emAM te navAI ja zI ? paNu andhakAragADhI rAtrimAM paNa kRSNacandra enA bhaktajana AgaLa prakaTa thAya che--candravat emane zItaLa prakAza pAthare che, ane premathI emane rAsa ramADe che. saMsArane antu (videha)mukti bhale hA; paNa saMsAranA madhyamAM paNa jIvanmukti maLI zake che. cetarapha dhAra ajJAnathI gAjatA A saMsAramAM rahIne paNu, kayA bhakate kharA premathI prabhu zeAdhyA ane ene e maLyA nahi ? [ vasaMta, phAlguna, saM. 1979 ]

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zA stracarcA

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carcApatra 3ra7 carcApatra jJAnasudhA' patranA tanjhI sAhebanI sevAmAM gae zanivAre rAtrie prArthanAsamAja maMdiramAM kIrtana sAMbhaLI, ApanA dharmamaMDaLanA mokSasaMbaMdhI siddhAnta viSe keTalIka zaMkA ubhavI che. tene khulAse ApanA mAsika patrakAra kRpA karI karavAmAM Avaze ema AzA che. prArthanAmALAne AraMbhe ApelA cAra dharmasiddhAntamAMthI mArI zaMkAonuM samAdhAna na thaI zakayuM, mATe ja Apane ATalI tasdI ApavAnI jarUra paDI che; te kSamA karaze. ApanA patranI ghaNuM jagyA na kAya mATe te zaMkAone TUMkANamAM sAra nIce ApuM chuM - (1) "jhaLake snAmaya zA vizALa re, pelA divya kinArA ! gAje jyAM gaMbhIruM, madhuruM peluM amRtatvasindhanuM pUra re; pilA." atra alaukika kavikalpanAthI rasAelA parajIvana' nuM paramArcasvarU5 zuM che ? te janmAntara che? kAntara che? ke avasthAntara che? (2) je parajIvana tathA pUrvajIvana prakRtirUpa anaMtasvAvasthA che ema kahyuM, te baMne samAnadharmi che ke bhinnadharmi? je samAnadharmi hoya te anaMtatvamAMthI AtmAnI prazruti thavAnuM zuM kAraNa? je bhinnadharmi hoya to te bheda zo che? (3) jIva IzvaranuM aikaya nahi paNa sAmIpya e mukti ema eka prasaMge kIrtanamAM kahevAmAM AvyuM hatuM. atra "sAmIpya" eTale zuM? te siddha che, ke sAdhya che? athata nathI ane meLavavAnuM che, ke che te ja anubhavavAnuM che. che te ja anubhavavAnuM hoya, te te hAla nathI anubhavI zakAtuM tenuM kAraNa? vedAtnIone kaitAnubhavamATe karele khulAse A matamAM svIkArya che? nathI ane meLavavAnuM che, te te meLavavAnI vastunuM svarUpa zuM che ? dezika ane kAlika sAmIpya te IzvaranA sarva vyApakatvathI ane nityatvathI che ja, nathI ema nathI eTale te sAdhya na hoI zake. prakArakRta sAmIpya mAnavAmAM te sAmInI maryAdA kyAM rAkhavI?

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3ra8 carcApatra (4) mekSAvasthAmAM sukhAbhivyakti che, ke mAtra AtyaMtika duHkha dhvasa che? je sukhAbhivyakti hoya, te te sukha nitya che ke anitya tathA tadanubhAvaka dehAdika che ke kema? - (5) mekSAvasthAmAM jIva ane Izvara samAna che, ke kAMI bheda rahe che? je samAna hoya, te jema IzvaramAM jagata kRtimattva rahe che, tema chavamAM paNa te kema na rahe, ane anekezvaravAda prApta thaI apasiddhAnata paNa kema na thAya? je kAMI paNa bheda rahetA hoya te te bheda zuM che? te sukhAvasthAmAM Izvara ane jIvane sevyasevaka bhAva kAyama rahevAne ke nahi? ane je rahevAne, te te zA kAraNathI ? (6) A sarvanA nirNaya mATe take pramANa che? ke zAstra? ke mAtra svecchI ja ? amadAvAda, tA. 6-1-1892 pR. eka mumukSu tA, ka, prArthanAmALA jemAM eka vizeSa zaMkA utpanna thaI che. prArthanAmALAmAM "AtmAnuM aihika Amumbika kalyANa thAya che" ema caturtha siddhAnta che. tene sthAne tA. 15 mI eprIla sane 1891 nA jJAnasudhA' nA aMkamAM "AtmAnuM kalyANa thAya che" eTaluM ja che. A pheraphAra sahaja ja thayuM che ke paraloka viSenI zaMkAthI thayo che jJAnasudhA, phebruArI 1892 pR. eja.

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veda, vedArtha ane vedanA de ' 329 veda, vedArtha ane vedanA de vaH je viH dhAtu uparathI thaelo zabda che e mULa jJAnavAcaka che, zabdavAcaka nathIH athata ene artha jJAna thAya che, amuka zabdAnupUrvI e thato nathI. amuka zabdAnupUrvIne e vAcaka thayo te kyAre ke jyAre kAlakramamAM ApaNe enAthI eTalA dUra paDI gayA ke sarve jJAnanA bhaMDAra tarIke ane tethI IzvaranA zabda tarIke ApaNe ene pUjavA lAgyA. A pUjA svAbhAvika che. AryaprajAnuM balka manuSyajAtinuM e sarvathI prAcIna pustaka che, ane hindusthAnanA dhArmika ItihAsanAM sarva bIja emAM bharelAM che. AgaLa jatAM ene mATe "ti zabda yojAya te ema sUcavavA ke RSioe A jJAna pitAnI buddhimAMthI UpajAveluM nathI paNa sAkSAta paramAtmA pAsethI sAMbhaLyuM che. paraMtu paramAtmA manuSyanI sAmA, hArI sAme tame UbhA che ane mane kAMIka kahe che tema, sAmA UbhA rahIne kahetA nathI. paramAtmA te A vizvanA ane ApaNuM antaryAmI che, ane tethI e je kAMI bole che, ApaNane saMbhaLAve che te antamAM rahIne; sAmA eka manuSyavata UbhA rahIne nahi. AthI bhegAbheguM e paNa spaSTa che ke antane dhvani e kaI saMskRta chaMda arabI ityAdi bhASAmAM thato nathIH e bhASA te e dhvani jhIlavAnuM khokhuM che. A vAta je vicAra ane upapattithI siddha che, ene AryabhASAnA ItihAsathI paNa Teke maLe che. vi6 dhAtu, je uparathI vera zabda thayo che, e laeNTinane videre-to see dhAtu che, ane aMgrejI "Idea" paNa e ja laeNTina videre dhAtu uparathI nIkaLe che, eTale ApaNe veda zabdane mATe yathArtha aMgrejI zabda zodhIe te te vision=darzana, IdeasdhyAna, dhyeya e ja jaDe che. ane tema ja, je mahApuruSone e mahAna darzana thayuM hatuM temane ApaNe raSi-draSTA kahIe chIe e paNa egya che. jyAre A "sAkSAta kRtadharmA" draSTAone yuga vyatIta thaI gayo, tyAre pAchaLanA puruSoe emanAM vAkayenuM prema ane AdarathI smaraNa karI je 2 kALe kALe racyA e "skRti' kahevAyA. paNa temAM keTalAka jane te nitya vedanA mukhapAThamA evA mugdha banI gayA ke teo zabdanA manuSyanA kavi e AI lavIvArasathI paNa

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330 veda, vedArtha ane vedanA deva ane mAnavuM kavi mahinAmAM arthane mahimA bhUlI gayA, ane vedanA manco samajhavA mATe nathI paNa vedanA brAhmaNa vibhAgamAM je yajJo karavAnA kahyA che temAM e mone yathAvidhi uccAra karo eja ene upayogI che ema emanuM mAnavuM thayuM. A matanA eka agraNuM tarIke, nitakAra yAske kausanuM nAma noMdhyuM che. kautsa kahe che ke "3Artha hi mannAda"--paraMtu ghaNuM pAzcAtya ane atratya vidvAne samajhe che tema, A zabdonuM tAtparya e nathI ke mantromAMthI kAMI artha pratIta thato nathI. evA apratItArtha zabdo te kaubhe khAsa gaNAvyA che. tAtparya e che ke kautsanA mate vedanA manTo artha samajhavA mATe nathI paNa yajJamAM uccAravA mATe che. paraMtu artha samajhAya che te khare, enI kautsathI paNa nA pADI zakAya ema nathI, kAraNa ke kautsane uttara vALatAM yAska kahe che tema "arthavata 26sAmAnyata" kAraNa ke je zabda lekamAM eTale ke laukika saMskRtamAM vaparAya che te ja vedamAM samAna rIte vaparAyA che. bezaka keTalAka zabdone ApaNane artha jaDatuM nathI. paraMtu te mATe ApaNe prayatna karavo joIe. vAska kahe che tema "naiSa kALajaparA camo ja parathati pujAparAdha: 8 mati"--AMdhaLo mANasa thAMbhalo na juve temAM thAMbhalAne doSa nathI, mANasane deSa che." vedamAM keTalAka zabdo evA che kharA ke jeno artha ApaNe bilakula jANatA nathI. keTalAka evA che ke thoDAMka phAMphAM mArIne dhAtvartha uparathI, bIjA vikAra uparathI, vA vAkyamAM sthAna joIne, vA aneka vAtamAM jyAM jyAM ene prayoga thayo hoya e sarakhAvIne ApaNe enA arthane nirNaya karI zakIe. Ama keTalAka zabda bAda karatAM paNa vaidika zabdone bahu he ja e rahe che ke jene artha, upara yAske kahyuM te kAraNathI- sAmAnyata-ApaNe nizcayapUrvaka jANue chIe; athavA te nirvacananI madadathI karAvI zakIe chIe. te uparAMta e paNa bhUlavuM na joIe ke hindusthAnamAM ghaNuM jJAna paraMparAnI praNAlIo vahetuM Ave che. bezaka, e paraMparAnA artha sAme vAjabI kAraNa jaNAya te matabheda dharAvo anucita nathI; paNa vartamAna vidyAnA abhimAnathI unmatta banI "Los von Sayana" (=sAyaNane kADhe ja kADha!") ema sAyaNAcArya jevA bahuta ane saMpradAyavidda bhASyakAra sAme ugAra karo emAM e pAtrAtya vidvAne kadAca satya sAme pApa nahi hoya, paNa teonI mUrkhatA te che ja. vastutaH ekasamUlare sAyaNane "AMdhaLAnI

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veda, vedArtha ane vedanA devo 331 lAkaDI" ("Blind man's stick') kahI che emAM bahu satya che. ane ema kahevuM paNa bhUla bhareluM che ke sAyaNacArya, je veda pachI hajAro varSa thayA, emane karelo artha kema pramANa mAnI zakAya? vastutaH sAyaNAcArya pahelAM veda upara TIkA lakhAelI have jANavAmAM AvI che, ane tethI vedArthane saMpradAya sAyaNa pAse avicchinna cAlyA AvyA hoya e saMbhavita che. sAyaNAcArya yAska Adi prAcIna munionA sAMpradAyika artha upara AdhAra rAkhe che, ane e munio vedanA praNayanakALa pachI ghaNe varSe thayA te paNa temane mULa artha saMpradAyathI maLyo hato e ATalA uparathI paNa spaSTa jaNAya che ke vedanA keTalAka zabdo jene laukika saMskRtamAM chAMTa maLatuM nathI enA eoe e ja artha karyo che ke je e zabdane maLatA evA te samayanI bIjI Arya bhASAnA zabdone AdhAre thavA joIe. eka ja udAharaNa ApIe jemake "raHH" zabda, A vaidika zabdano artha guha karavAnuM laukika saMskRta uparathI kadI na sUjhe. paNa laeNTina domas zabdanI madadathI gRha artha sahaja rIte nakkI thaI jAya che. kharI muzkelI vedanA sAmAnya zabdonA artha karavAmAM rahelI nathI. paNa vedane dharma zuM hato? vedanA devo e zuM che ?-ityAdi dharmane lagatA praznone uttara de kaThina che. ane tema thavAnuM kAraNa e che ke sAmAnya zabdonA artha jevA badalAtA nathI tevA dharmasabadhI janasamAjanA vicAre badalAya che. veda ane yAskanA samaya vacce sAmAnya zabdonA artha karavAmAM je muzkelI nahotI te yAskanA samayamAM vedano dharma samajhavAmAM utpanna thaI cUkI hatI. A vAta yAske devo ane devonI AkhyAyikA saMbadhI pUrvAcAryonA je vividha matabheda noMdhyA che te uparathI spaSTa samajhAya che. temAM eka mata (1) yAjJikene teonA mata pramANe yajJamAM je je devatAnuM nAma laI ene bali samarpavAmAM Ave che tene pRthapha pRthapha devatA samajhavA. Ama mAtrane mUla mananAtmaka artha visarAIne banne eka jAduI zabdanI AnupUva thaI rahI, ane yajJamAM e ja rIte ene upayoga karavAnI rUDhi cAlI. ane te sAthe yAjJikane varga baMdhAyo, tathA saMpradAnavAcaka caturthIne pratyaya jene lAge te devatA evI dharmanA hadayathI lagabhaga zUnya evI zabdapUjA ane

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332 veda, vedArtha ane vedanA de karmapUjA zarU thaI paNa upara kahyuM tema, vedanA zabdo te lokabhASAnA zabdo paNa hoI ene artha pratIta thayA vinA raheto nahoto. ane tethI A yAjJikanI sAthe sAthe ja bIjA vicArake ghaNA hatA, jeo vedanA deva viSe jude mata dharAvatA hatA. temAM eka varga (2) aitihAsika ne hatoteonA mata pramANe devo e yajJanA manvanA viniyoga mATe kalpAelAM so nathI, paNa "aitihAsika" eTale ke "kharekhara hatA evA-arthAt yajJathI svatantra vAstavika vyaktio che. (3) RSioe prakRtinAM te te dAmAM je je caitanyane prakAza (dhAtvamAM "deva) je tene te te dazyane anusaratuM nAma teoe ApyuMH ema eka trIjA akartA jeo "nA" kahevAya che teonuM kahevuM che. A naiktoe (zabdanA dhAtvartha uparathI arthanuM nirvacana karanArA varga) prakRtinAM dAnA, ane tethI devonA, teonA sthAnabhede karI traNa varga pADyA che. pRthvI sthAnanA, antarikSa (madhyama) sthAnanA ane dusthAnanA. varga pADyA pachI paNa te te sthAnane eka eka tejerUpa padArtha joI traNa vargane traNa devAmAM samAveza karI dIdhuM. A pramANe pRthvIne te rUpa padArtha agni, ane tethI pRthvIne eka deva, ji. antarikSane te rUpa padArtha vidyuta (vIjaLI), ane tethI vIjaLI ane vRSTinA adhiSThAtA vAyu ve inka, e bIjo atarikSa sthAnane deva; ane ghusthAnane teje rUpa padArtha sUrya e trIje, dusthAnane deva. A devatrayIne siddhAnta "naikto ene hate. paNa vastutaH je nirvacanapaddhatie vedArtha karanArA heI naikta" kahevAtA tene A "devatrayI"nA siddhAnta sAthe kAMI tAttvika saMbandha nathI. nirvacanapaddhatie dArtha karavA chatA paNa ekadevavAda saMbhavI zake che. tAtparya ke nirvacana karanArA prAcIna "naikto" sarva devane traNa devarUpe nirUpaNa karatA e mAtra eka etihAsika hakIkata che. nirvacanapaddhatine ane traNa devanA siddhAntane kAMI Antara ane Avazyaka saMbandha nathI. yAska eka prazna e carcA che ke vedamAM ATalAM badhAM devonAM nAma Ave che te badhA maLIne deva traNa ja che ema kema mAnI zakAya? ene nA pakSa taraphathI pite uttara Ape che ke "tArAM mAmArAjA 3f ahUni nAmAni avanti"-de evA mahAbhAga che ke e eka heIne paNa enAM aneka nAme heya che ane enAM udAharaNa ApIne yAska kahe che ke jema kamajede karI eka ja vyakti keTalAya yajJamAM

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veda, vedArtha ane vedanA deva 333 hetA-adhvaryuM-brahmA ane uddagAtA thAya che ane e nAme vyavahArAya che, tema eka ja deva te te karmoe karI tadanusAra jude jude nAme bolAya che, paNa A asaMkhya devone traNa devamAM samAvI devAnuM je udAharaNa che e vastutaH teone eka devamAM samAvI devAne paNa samartha che. ane tethI e vicArazreNimAM AgaLa vadhatAM eka siddhAnta e devanA bhedabheda ne eTale ke ekAnekatAno nIkaLe che. arthAta jema traNa sthAna (pRthvI, antarikSa ane du) paraspara saMbaddha hoIne eka che, ema enA traNe devo traNa heIne paNa eka che; enuM bIjuM udAharaNa yAska A pramANe nedhe cheH "ttarAdhira" jema asaMkhya manuSyo te te vyaktirUpe bhinna che, chatAM rASTrarUpe eka che te rIte;-arthAta, prakRtinAM asaMkhya dAmAM paramAtmA vividharUpe prakAze che, chatAM sarva do te eka ja prakRti hoI emAM eka ja paramAtmA rahelo che. upaniSad kahe che tema "get a sarvabhUteSu " A bhedabheda vA ekAekatAnA siddhAntane adhika spaSTa karatAM e phalita thAya che ke bheda ane abheda yAne eka ane aneka ema nahi, paNa bhedamAM abheda, ekamAM aneka; ane e karatAM paNa vadhAre zuddharUpe kahIe to bhAsamAna bhedamAM vAstavika abheda, bhAsamAna anekatAmAM vAstavika ekatA. A siddhAnta adhyAtmavid maMDaLane hatA. A mAyAvAda je bhedabhedanA antamAM lapAelo che e yAskamuni AgaLa skuTarUpe rahele na hato ane tethI satya-miththAnI paribhASAne badale sAmAnya bhASAmAM e adhyAtmavidune siddhAnta batAvatAM kahe che: "nAbhaagyaad devatAyA eka AtmA bahudhA stUyate ekasyAtmano'nye devAH pratyaGgAni bhavanti / api ca satsvAnAM prakRtibhUmabhiSayaH gvanita"--arthAt paramAtmA eka hAIne paNa aneka rIte e stavAya che : eka ja AtmAnA bIjA de judAM judAM aMga che. eka ja prakRtinI te te padArtharUpe anekatAne uddezI, RSio ene bahu rUpe stave che, yadyapi vastuta to e eka akhaMDa che. have pAchaLa kahelI eka vAtanuM anusandhAna karIeH upara kahyuM hatuM ke vedanA maLyo e vastutaH RSionA A vizva uparanA manananA ugAra che, tene badale jeo ene arthahIna mAtra vIMchInA mancanI peThe yajJamAM kevaLa ucAravAnI zabdanI AnupUvI che ema mAne che teonI daSTi

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334 veda, vedArtha ane vedanA devo lagabhaga dharmanA tatvathI rahita che. Ama "lagabhaga" zabda prayojavAmAM je hetu rahelo che te spaSTa karIe. eka te e ke evI rIte paNa jeo deva" mAM AstikayavRtti rAkhIne yajJa kare che teo dharmane pahele pagathIe nahi te dharmane AMgaNe to che ja; ane jeo e tarapha mukha vALIne UbhA che te kaI vakhata paNa sAcA prabhunA mandiramAM praveza karaze ane sIDIe caDhaze ema AzA rAkhI zakAya che. bIjuM eka jANavA jevuM che ke yAjJike e eka carcA e karI che ke "anAdiSTa devatAvALA mangonI devatA keNu?-athata jyAM jyAM amuka amuka devatAno ullekha ke saMbodhana jevAmAM Ave che tyAM te te te devane mancanI devatA mAnIe; paNa jyAM evuM sUcana jovAmAM AvatuM nathI tyAM devatAne nirNaya kevI rIte karavo ? ATale uttara te helo che ke je devatAnA yajJa vA yajJAMgamAM e mannano viniyoga thayo hoya te enI devatA. paNa je mannane yajJamAM upayoga na batAvyo hoya tenuM zuM? A praznanA uttaramAM yAjJike kahe che ke evA saghaLA manTone deva prajApati. Ama prajApatine mAnavAmAM yAjJikee brAhmaNagrane eka viziSTarUpane ekezvaravAda svIkAryo che, jemAM prajApati e sAmAnya yajJanA devarUpe ane te te deva e prajApatinI utpanna karelI viziSTa zaktirUpe pUjAya che. Ama hevAthI yAjJikane sarvathA dharmahIna kahI zakAtA nathI. "anAdiSTa devatA" vALA mo saMbandhI nikatane mata evo che ke evA ma "nArAzaMsa" cheH "nArAzasa" zabdanA vividha artha karavAmAM AvyA che jemAM narenI-manuSyanI-stuti nAma prazaMsA karavAmAM AvI hoya che. paNa prakRti rathaLe e arthe cAlI na zake, kAraNa ke jyAM amuka manuSyanI e pramANe stuti karavAmAM AvI hoya tyAM te manuSyane e mannanI devatA mAnI levAya, paNa enuM yajJamAM zuM prajana hoI zake ? tethI e artha bIjA TIkAkAroe nApasaMda karyo che. paraMtu manuSyamAtranA virAsvarUpane ( Humanity ne ) jAti vA samUhanA arthamAM "nara' vA "nAra' kahIe, te "narAzasa"ne arthe manuSyajAtinI pUjA e thAya. AvI pUjA A matamAM vivakSita che ema mAnavuM kazuM nathI. ane vedanA purAsuranI daSTie Ama artha karavo pika banI zake che. bIja TIkAkArA "narAza sa" ne artha "agni vA che." ema kare che. tyAM yajJa eTale viSNu" ema vize khulAse kara

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veda, vedAthaeN ane vedanA devA 335 vAmAM AvyA che; ane agni e yajJanA devAmAM mukhya hoI " anAdiSTa devatA" vALA mantra sadhaLA agninA che ema khIjA matanuM samarthana karavAmAM AvyuM che. agni narAza sa ' eTalA mATe ke manuSya mAtra enI stuti kare che; ane yajJapuruSa viSNu, tethI yajJanI pUjA eTale viSNupUjA. ane viSNu te sUrya, tethI viSNupUjA eTale sUryapUjA samajhIe te to upara kahelA eka pakSa Fireworship ( agnipUjA )nA ane khIje Sunworship ( sUryapUjA) nA. ane agni sUrya baMne manuSyajAtinA mUla deva hoI e ' anAdiSTa devatA ' vALA mantranI devatA tarIke gaNAvA yAgya che. 66 A pramANenA vedanA devA saMbaMdhI prAcIna mata darzAvI ene acIna vidvAnA keTale aMze svIkAra kare che e joie. ApaNe upara joyuM ke vaijjatA nirvacanapaddhatie zabdonA artha kare che, eTaluM ja nahi paNa vedanA devA saMbaMdhI paNa emaNe amuka vicAra prakaTa karyo che. temAM emanuM mukhya dRSTibindu prakRti ( Nature )mAM paramAtmAnuM darzana karavAnuM che. e prakRtinA traNa khaMDa che; pRthvI, antarikSa ane vu. ane te pramANe emane mate devA traNa che. vedamAM indra ane vRtranuM yuddha varNavyuM che, e amuka aitihAsika-vAstavika--asura ane indra vaccenuM yuddha che ema ''aitihAsikA' mAne che. tema na mAnatAM naito ene antarikSamAMthI thatI vRSTinu AlaMkArika vANImAM kareluM varNana samajhe che. cAka lakhe cheH "tarako vRtraH ? megha iti nairuktAH tvASTro'sura ityaitihAsikAH apAM ca jyotiSAM ca mizrIbhAvakarmaNo varSakarma nAyate topamAjaina yuvAM mavanti|" e nRtra' kANu ? medha ema nairuto kahe che. tvaSTAnA putra, eka asura ema aitihAsikAnuM mAnavuM che. jaLa ane teja menuM mizraNa thaIne vRSTi thAya che enI upamArUpe yuddhanuM varNana karavAmAM AvyuM che ema netonA mata che." arthAt TIkAkAra samajhAve che tema, vAyuthI veSTita IndrarUpI vidyutanA jyAtithI jyAre jaLa tape che tyAre jaLa pRthvI upara paDe che. athavA vidyutarUpI vajrathI vRSTine deva indra jyAre medharUpa vRtranA deha cIre che, tyAre jaLa paDe che. anyatra, e ja jaLanI dhArAo rUpI gAyAne vRtre medharUpI durgamAM pUrI hatI, ene vRSTinA deva indre cheDAvI evI kalpanA karI che. Ane keTalAka arvAcIna pAzcAtya

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336 veda, vedArtha ane vedanA devo vikAne storm myth kahe che. lokamAnya TiLaka mahAzaya A yuddhane Dawn theorythI yAne uSAnAM varNana rUpe samajhe che. A uparAMta vedanA ghaNA deva viSNu, mitra, varuNa. pUSA savitA vagere sUrya deva I denAM ghaNAM varNanane solar myth tarIke ghaNuM vidvAne ghaTADe che. A uparAMta tArakapUjA (starworship) sUryacandrapUjA-uSAnuM varNana Dawn theory Rtuparivartana ( change of seasons) vagerethI vedanI kathAone khulAse kare che. asalanA "etihAsike "ne maLatI eka Anthropological arthapaddhati paNa che je mAne che ke vIra manuSyo te te devane nAme pUjAtA hatA. vastutaH AmAMnA ghaNA bheda hAlanA vijJAnenI aisIriA, khAdIo vagere pAzcAtya dezonA prAcIna dharmanA ItihAsanI samajhaNa upara ghaDAyA che. paraMtu emAM be traNa vAtanuM vismaraNa thayuM che; eka te e dhyAnamAM rakhAyuM nathI ke dharmanAM bIja eka nahi paNa aneka hoya che ane bIjuM, e bhUlAI jAya che ke dharma e kevaLa bhAnasa vikAra nathI, paNa satyane prakAza che, ane tethI zA zA padArtho joI manuSyanA cittamAM dharmanI vRtti kure che e prazna nathI, zA zA padArthodvArA manuSya satyanuM darzana karyuM che e jovAnuM che, ane tethI sUryapUjA, agnipUja, vIrapUjA-e sarve te te pratIkarUpe paramAtmAnI ja pUjA che; sUrya agni Adi kevaLa pratIka mAtranI pUjA nathI; jo ke zabda bacAvavA mATe ApaNe sUryadvArA paramAtmAnI pUjA evI zabdAvali prajavAne badale sUryapUjA e TUMke zabda vAparIe chIe. "huM vim timalU satvaM zrImadUrjitameva vaa| tattadevAvagaccha tvaM bhama tejaoNza. samava" e bhagavadgItAnA vacanamAM dharmanA mULanuM pUrNa tatvajJAna samAeluM che. pAtya vidvAna bAjI bhUla e kare che ke emane dharmamAM IzvaranI kalpanA kevala jagatathI atirikta, (transcendental) rUpe hovAthI jagatarUpe (iinnmanent) karavAmAM AvatA ene varNanamAM e kevala jagata ja juve che ane Izvarane avagaNe cheH jemake supe paramAtmAnI puja e emanI daSTie supUjA ja dekhAya che. Ama hovAthI jagatanI aneka padArthomAM ane zaktiomAM RSio je anekavidha paramAtmAnuM dahana kare che, e bane ane devAdarUpe ja bhAse che. paNa ApI paranAdananI vidhi eo kayAnamAM rAkhe to ja vedanA dharmanuM khara

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veda, vedAthe ane vedanA deva 337 svarUpa, vizvanA padArthonI anekatAmAM paramAtmAnI ekatAnuM darzana ane e padArthonuM pavitrIkaraNa-eo samajhI zake. upara, vedamAM paramAtmAnI ekatAnuM pratipAdana saMpradAyasiddha che e vAtanI puSTimAM be traNa vAte vizeSa UmerIe. eka te e dhyAnamAM rAkhavAnuM che ke vedanA ghaNA denAM nAma spaSTa rIte mAtra vizeSaNa che, vA dhAtvarthathI emanI vizeSaNatA phalita thAya che. jemake peSaNa karanAra te pUSA, zakti vaDe utpanna kare te savitA, vizvamAM praveza kare te viSNu, prANIo prati mitrabhAve varte te mitravastu mAtrane AvarIne rahe ane vizvanAM "vrata nAma pavitra mArga nirbha te varuNa, jene chedI na zakAya te aditi-vagere. vaLI "aditi" zabda pahelo che ane emAMthI "Aditya zabda phalita thayo che--je aneka devane lagADavAmAM Ave che e batAve che ke ekatAmAMthI anekatAne janma che, anekatAmAMthI ekatA UpajAvAtI nathI. (amerikana vidvAna blamaphIlDa Aditya eTale "AdikALanA, ane e uparathI aditi' zabda (a-diti ema) bhrAnitathI kalpita che ema mAne che. emane mata hajI keIe paNa svIkAryo nathI, vaLI A uparAMta mULane ekadevane siddhAnta adanA uttara bhAgamAM spaSTa rUpa dhAraNa kare che, ane tyAM puruSa, hiraNyagarbha, tvaSTA, dhAtA e nAme sRSTinA AtmA ane bIja rUpI ane kartA rUpI eka paramAtmAnuM pratipAdana karavAmAM AvyuM che, ane A uparAMta eka e paNa jovA jevuM samajhavA jevuM che ke Ama spaSTa ekadevavAdI je sUkata che emAMnAM keTalAMka kada uparAMta bIjA vedonI saMhitAmAM paNa saMgrahavAmAM AvyAM che, je batAve che ke ekadevavAda kevo lokapriya ane sarvasaMmata hate. [ vasanta Adhina saMvata 1987]

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368 jIvAtmA ane paramAtmA che jIvAtmA ane paramAtmA (vicAramAlA) (3) dvA suparNA sayujA sakhAyA samAnaM vRkSaM prisssvjaate| tayoranyaH pippalaM svaahttynshnnnnyo'bhicaakshiiti"|| bhAvArtha -eka vRkSa upara hamezAM joDe rahetAM ane eka ekanA sakhA evA be pakSIo vase che. emAMnuM eka, svAdu phala khAya che; ane bIjuM na khAtAM joyAM kare che. (2) "yaH sarveSu bhUteSu tiSThan sarvebhyo bhUtebhyo'ntaro yaM sarvANi bhUtAni na viduryasya sarvANi bhUtAni zarIraM yaH sarvANi bhUtAnyantaro yamayatyeSa ta AtmA'ntaryAmyamRtaH" // bhAvArtha-je sarva bhUtamAM rahete, sarvabhUtathI para antamAM che, jene, bhUta jANatAM nathI, jenuM sarvabhUta zarIra che, je sarvabhUtanuM antaramAM rahI niyamana kare che, e hAro antaryAmI ane amara AtmA che. uparanI kRtionA saMbadhamAM gata aMkamAM Do.bhAMDArakaranA eka upadezanuM avalokana karatAM ema kahyuM hatuM ke -"A hRtio je sakhya ane antaryAmItvanuM pratipAdana kare che ene advaitavAdamAM sarvathA niSedha karavAmAM AvatuM nathI. advaitavedAnta A baMne saMbandha kabUla rAkhe che; vizeSamAM e eTaluM ja umere che ke A sakhyasaMbandhane ane niyamyaniyAmakabhAvane ukelI ju.. enA aMtaramAM je nigUDha siddhAnta raho che ene bahAra kheMcI lAvI tapAse, to jaNAze ke "taravari ' e ja parama satya che.....tattvavicAre tapAsatAM paNa e ja saMbandha bandha bese che." zI rIte te have joIe. jIvAtmA ane paramAtmAnuM "sakhya' eTale zuM? che ane tame eka ekathI khAIne mitrAcArImAM joDAIe chIe e rIte te jIvAtmA ane paramAtmAne rabA nathI ja e sarvasaMmata che. have, paramAtmA jIvAtmAnA aA rahe cheema daitavAdIo kahe che; paNa a "ata-zabdane che ane saMbhave che e vize vicAra karatA nathI tyAM atavAdI eTaluM ja paDIne aA bha' nahi, paNa ukelI juvo ': "khareDIne - ' ne nAM nivAda thAya

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jIvAtmA ane paramAtmA kahe che ke je vicAra karaze te jaNAze ke atre "antara-zabdanA arthamAM tAdAmya ja AvavuM ghaTe che. eka caiitanya bIjA caitanyane antarUmAM zI rIte rahI zake? "antar e zabda jaDa ane sAvayava padArtha para ja enA vAcca arthamAM vAparI zakAya. citanya paratve jyAM "anta ane "bahira zabda vaparAya che tyAM e zabdone artha tattva (Reality) ane atattva (dekhAva-Appearance) thate ApaNe joIe chIe. eka sAduM udAharaNa laIe. phalANe mANasa mAMhyathI-antarthI-Te nathI ema kahIe chIe tyAM "antarathI ne zuM artha hoya che? antarathI khoTe nathI ene arthe ke enuM tarava-kharuM svarUpa -te sArApaNAnuM che, jo ke enuM atatva nAma dekhAva te beTApaNane che. vaLI jJAna IcchA bhAva vagere vRttiomAM AtmA rahelo che, ema jyAre kahevAya che tyAre paNa AtmA eka ane jJAna juduM ema artha karavo e vartamAna mAnasazAstra (Psychology) bhUlabhareluM gaNe che. AtmA eka akhaMDa che ane te jJAnAdittirUpe prakaTa thAya che e AjakAla sarvasaMmata mAnasazAstrane siddhAnta che. e ja rIte jIvAtmAmAM paramAtmA rahelo che ema kahevAmAM paNa khare siddhAnta nigUDha rahelo che te e ja ke jIvAtmA e paramAtmAne bhAsa che, enuM prakaTa svarU5 che. jIvAtmAnuM Antaratama tattva, ene AtmA, enuM pitAnuM svAbhAvika-Agantuka, upAdhikRta nahi paNa svAbhAvika-svarUpa te paramAtmA, ema bhAvArtha samajavAne che. vaLI, kahe ke paramAtmA te kene AtmA ? pitAne AtmA ? pitAne eTale? paramAtmAmAM je AtmabhUta vastu tene? e te pote ja AtmA che, ene vaLI AtmA kevo? pitAne eTale paramAtmAnA prakaTa svarUpane ? paNa e prakaTa svarUpa huM tame sahavartamAna bAhya ane Antara vizva sivAya bIjuM zuM hoI zake ? e prakaTa svarUpane e AtmA che, ema kahetA he te advaitavAdIne iSTApatti che. vaLI, vaitavAdIo paramAtmAne AtmA(jIvAtmA) ne AtmA na bhAnatAM, AtmA(jIvAtmA)ne jJAnane viSaya mAne che, ane A rIte AtmA eka ane paramAtmA bIje ema ta svIkAre che. paNa paramA1 [ rAmAnujAcArya paramAtmAne jIvAtmAne tema ja jagatane AtmA mAne che, paNa te paNa viziSTa evA advaitane ja mAne che, emane daitavAdI na kahevAya. ]

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340 jIvAtmA ane paramAtmA bhAne ApaNuM jJAna viSaya mAnyo ke turata e ApaNI hAme (antithetic) AvIne beThe ! pachI te ApaNuM ataramAM zI rIte hoI zake? viSaya (Object) ane viSayI (Subject) e lAkaDInA be cheDA mAphaka (antithetic) cheH eka cheDe bIjA cheDAnA antaramAM kema saMbhave ? paNa paramAtmA jIvAtmAnA antamAM che ema te dvaitavAdI , kahe che ja--mATe paramAtmA jIvAtmAnA jJAnane viSaya nathI, paNa ene AtmA che ema Reductio ad absurdum tarkathI phalita thAya che. vaLI jIva eka ane paramAtmA bIjo ema saMkhyA thaI zakatI hoya te prazna Ubho rahe che ke e baMnemAM evuM zuM tattva anusthata che ke baMnene eka gaNunAmAM-vargamAM-pADe che? anupahita zuddha-caitanya ? ema hoya te advaita vedAntI paNa vAraMvAra e ja kahe che. anupahita-zuddha- citanya rUpe ja e tata ane saranuM tAdAmya mAne che kahe che ke - " yathA yathA tattvamasIti vAkye viruddhadharmAnubhayatra hitvA / saMlakSya cinmAtratayA sadAtmanorakhaNDabhAvaH paricIyate budhaH / evaM mahAvAkyazatena kathyate brahmAtmanoraikyamakhaNDabhAvaH" // - bhAvArtha-jIva alpajJa che; Izvara sarvajJa che; tyAM alpajJatA ane sarvajJatA rUpI viruddha dharmo kADhI nAkhIe to ubhayamAM eka ja tattva kAyama rahe; brahma ane AtmAnuM aikya pratipAdana karatI "tavamasi" Adi kRtionuM A ja tAtparya che. hajI eka prazna vicAravAnuM rahe che. viruddha dharmo kADhI laIe te pachI rahe ja zuM? A praznanA uttaramAM pUchavAnuM ke zuM dharmothI para koI 1 [ zakA-ApaNo AtmA ApaNuM jJAna viSaya che, chatAM te kayAM hAme AvIne bese che ? uttara-bese che ja, hAme AvIne besato na hoya to ApaNuM jJAnane e viSaya ja na bane. jJAnamAM hAmAM AvIne besavuM enuM nAma ja viSayatA (parApharva-Objectivity) che.] 2 [ zakA-paNa lAkaDI te A cheDe tema ja bIje cheDe ema baMne cheDArUpa kema na hoya? uttara-hoya. paNa ene zuM artha thayo e vicAre. paramAtmA viSaya ane viSayI ubhayarUpa che. arthAta bemAMthI eka ja rUpe ene avaccheda karo e brAti che. eka ja vastu be AkAre-paraspara viruddha AkAre-pratIta thAya che. AnuM ja nAma paramAtmAnI mAyA.]

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chavAmAM ane paramAtmA 341 tattva ja hetuM nathI? na hoya te dharmonA astitvane ane svarUpane khulAse ja zI rIte saMbhave? dharmothI para tatva hetuM nathI ema kaI paNa Astike-AtmavAdI ane IzvaravAdIe-Ajaparyanta karyuM nathI. balka, ApaNA dezamAM tema ja yurepamAM e siddhAnta nAstikae ja svIkAryo che. A paridasyamAna jagatanI pAchaLa kAMIka hovuM ja joIe ema mAnIne ja IzvaravAda cAle che; tathA sukhaduHkhadharmonI pAchaLa AtmA he ja joIe ema AtmavAdIne abhyapagama che.* paNa A u5ra tame kahezo ke tyAre paramAtmA dharmavALa-saguNa siddha thayo ! paNa ene uttara ke kayA nirguNavAdI vedAntIe jagatanuM kAraNa nirguNa che ema kahyuM? jagatanuM kAraNa te hamezAM saguNa ja mAnavAmAM Ave che. nirguNavAdamAM saguNano svIkAra nathI ema mAnavuM ja bhUlabhareluM che. ema hoya te saguNane siddha karavA zaMkarAcArye sthaLe sthaLe je yatna karyo che te na karata. nirguNavAdIonuM kahevuM eTaluM ja che ke saguNavAdIo jema guNa ane guNa evAM be tattavone chevaTanAM to bhAnI aTake che tema na aTakatAM e baMne ta ne khulAso eka paramatatvathI karavo joIe. saguNa e manuSyane phosalAvavA mATe eka kalpita ' padArtha zAstrakAre Ubhe karyo che ema nirgaNavAdIonuM kahevuM nathI. je guNa evo padArtha che ema hoya te saguNa paNa che; paNa je guNa e ene khulAso karanArA paramatattva rUpa samajAI jAya, ane e rIte svataH-svatanna--astitvarahita anubhavAya, te pachI saguNa rahetuM nathI eTaluM ja tAtparya che. [ sudarzana-phebruArI 1892 ] ' jeo AtmA ane IzvaranuM astitva mAnatA nathI temane e manAvavA mATe judI dalIlo che, paNa atre ApaNe je vicAra Aro che e daitavAdI AstikenI sAthe ja che. te

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" 342 jJAna ane nIti * * * jJAna ane nIti rA. rA. karamaalI rahImaalI nAnajIANI, jeo vedAntazAstrane sAre zekha dharAve che, teo amane nIce pramANe eka prazna pUche che, ane A patramAM javAba icche che - brahma jANyA pachI kAMI vadhu karavAnuM rahe che?" A praznane uttara "jANyA"--zabdanA artha upara AdhAra rAkhe che. vedAntamAM be prakAranAM jJAna batAvyAM cheH "parokSa jJAna" ane "apakSa jJAna". "parAkSa jJAna" te mAtra magajanuM jJAna, amuka samajaNa eTaluM ja, apakSa jJAna" eTale samasta AtmA thakI prApta kareluM jJAna, amuka samajaNa mAtra nahi paNa e samajaNane anusarI samasta AtmAnuM thavuM- gujas. jene A apakSa jJAna" arthAta anubhava thaye che, ene e anubhavanI bahAra vadhu kAMI ja karavAnuM rahetuM nathI-kAraNa ke enI bAbatamAM "vadhu -zabda ja arthahIna che; kRti kahe che tema, "araya sarvamAravAmRta tata na f g "? paNa jenuM jJAna hajI pakSa dazAmAM che ene ghaNuM karavAnuM bAkI rahe che-lagabhaga samasta AtmA karavAne rahe che, ema kahIe te paNa cAle. enI sthiti samudranI pAra UtaravA mATe nAvamAM paga mUkavA-besavA--taiyAra thaelA chatAM hajI samudrakAMThe ja UbhelA mANasanA jevI che. gautama buddha emanA eka upadezamAM kahe che tema -hAmAM kAMThAnuM hajAra vakhata nAma pikAravAthI jema hAme kAMThe pahoMcAtuM nathI, tyAM pahoMcavA mATe te naukAmAM besI halesAM mAratAM javuM ja joIe, tema brahma" "brahma' kahevAthI kAMI brahma maLatuM nathI, e meLavavA mATe to samAdika sAdhana AcaravAM ja joIe. ane zaMkarAcArya paNa e ja tAtparyathI jaNAve che ke "huM rAjA chuM' ema se vakhata kahe jema rAjA thavAtuM nathI, tema "lauM trAhima" ema kahyAM karavAthI brahma thaI javAtuM nathI. sAdhananI AvazyakatA sarvatra svIkAravAmAM AvI che. A sAdhana te karma? ke jJAna? ke ubhaya? karma mAtra-jemAM jJAnanuM , eka kiraNa paNuM nathI-evA karma mAtrathI paramAtmAnI prApti thAya e pakSa te spaSTa rIte yuktihIna che. rAmAnujAcArya ane anya keTalAka mahApurUSo jJAna ane karma ubhayanI AvazyakatA mAne che. A siddhAnta jJAnakarma samu

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, jJAna ane nIti 343 aiyavAda" ne nAme ApaNAM zAstromAM prasiddha che, ane e vAdamAM jJAna ane karma ubhaya samAna kakSAmAM virAje che. zaMkarAcArya ane anya keTalAka mahAna tattva karmane jJAnathI nIce darajaje mUke che; karmathI cittasattvanI zuddhi thAya che, ane zuddha cittamAM jJAnane prakAza jAme che ema emanuM kahevuM che. ane "zuddha hRdayavALA ja prabhune jue che" e krizcayana dharmanuM vacana paNa A siddhAntanuM ja uccAraNa che. caDhatA utaratA darajjAnI vAta bAju para mUkIe to ubhaya pakSamAM karmanI AvazyakatA svIkArAtI dekhAya che. paNa jarA UMDe vicAra karatAM, be pakSa vacce eka muddAne bheda samajAya che. rAmAnujAcAryanA mata pramANe jJAna sAthe karma jeDAvuM ja joIe; zaMkarAcAryanA mata pramANe karma vinA cittasatvazuddhi, ane e zuddhi vinA jJAna azakya che, paraMtu je kaI evAM hRdaya hoya ke je janmathI ja zuddha che-ane jenI zubha vAsanA jotAM enAM zubha karma pUrva janmanAM ja mAnI levAM joIe- ene karmanI AvazyakatA nathI; arthAta amuka hadayamAM jJAna jAmI zake che ke nahi eTaluM ja jovAnuM che. A janmamAM zubha karma karyA pachI ja jJAna saMpAdana karavA yatna karavo, athavA to karma ane jJAnanA kAbaracItarA dorA ekaThA ja vaNatA javuM-e Agraha zaMkarAcAryane asaMmata che. tyAre zuM zAMkara vedAnta pramANe, jeNe jJAna prApta karyuM che ene nItinA niyamonuM bandhana rahetuM nathI ? nathI ja rahetuM-babdhana nathI rahetuM, nahi ke nItinA niyama ja nathI rahetA; ajJAnI manuSyo je niyama zrama karIne pALe che, e ja niyama enAmAM svabhAva siddha thaI rahe che; puSpamAMthI jema sugandha spharyA kare che, e rIte enA AtmAmAMthI-jJAnadIpta AtmAmAMthI -nIti sparI rahI che ! kadAca kaIne ema lAgaze ke AjakAla cAre tarapha nItinI mAgaNI thaI rahI che tethI huM zAMkara vedAntamAM nIti kheMcI lAvuM chuM-AvI zaMkA dUra karavA mATe huM zAMkara vedAntanA ja pratiSThita granthAmAMthI eka be UtArA TAMkIza. zrImadbhagavatgItA bhAgavata vagere paNa zAMkaradAntIne parama mAnya grantha che, paNa e khAsa zAMkaradAntanA pramANa tarIke gaNavAmAM koI bAdha le mATe thoDAka bIjA granthAmAMthI ja UtArA Apu chu. vedAntasAranA kartA sadAnanda A ja prazna uThAvI enA uttaramAM jaNAve che ke

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344 jJAna ane nIti " tadAnImamAnitvAdIni jJAnasAdhanAni adveSTRtvAdayaH sadguNAJcAlaGkAravadanuvartante / taduktaM - ' utpannAtmAvabodhasya dveSTRtvAdayo guNAH / ayatnato bhavantyasya na tu sAdhanarUpiNaH // 39 "e avasthAmAM amAnitvAdi jJAnasAdhanA ane advetRtvAdi sadguNA ala'kAravat (jJAna pUrvenI sthitimAMthI ) UtarI Ave che. kahyuM che ke jene AtmajJAna thayuM che enAmAM advetRtvAdi guNeA vinA yaMtne svabhAva thakI ja Aya che, sAdhanarUpa heAtA nathI. " sadAnande TAMkelA kSeAka suprasiddha zAMkaravedAntagrantha naikamyUsidhdhi'mAMthI che. vedAntasAranA TIkAkAra nRsihasarasvatI e ja granthamAMthI bIjo zloka TAMke che te nIce pramANe cheH-- " adharmAjJAyate'jJAnaM yatheSTAcaraNaM tataH / dharmakAyai kathaM tat syAdyatra dharme vinazyati // "" "adharma thakI ajJAna thAya che, ane emAMthI yaceSTAcaraNa (svacchandAcAra, pApAcaraNa ) thAya che. dharmanuM kArya je jJAna emAM evuM kema thAya ke jemAM dharmanA ja vinAza thAya? '' 'jIvanmuktiviveka'mAM vidyAraNyamunie paNa A prazna carco che. e lakhe cheH-- " nanu prajJAyAH sthityutpattibhyAM prAgapi sAdhanatvena rAgadveSAdirAhityamapekSitam / bADham / tathApyasti vizeSaH, sa ca zreyomArga - kArairdazitaH / 'vidyAsthitaye prAg ye sAdhanabhUtAH prayatna niSpAdyAH / lakSaNabhUtAstu punaH svabhAvataste sthitAH sthitaprajJe / / " " tame sthitaprajJanA lakSaNamAM rAgadveSAdvi rahitapaNuM matAvA che. paNa prajJAnI utpatti ane sthiti thatAM pahelAM paNa sAdhanarUpe rAgadveSathI rahitapaNAnI tA jarUra che. teA pachI tame ene pAchaLa paNa zA mATe gaNAvA che ? AnA uttaraH kharI vAta; tathApi eka taphAvata che, ane te zreyanA mArga sthApanArA puruSAe matAnyeA che. kahyuM che ke jJAnanI sthiti prApta karavA mATe je guNI pUrve sAdhanarUpa hatA, prayatna karI UpajAvavAnA hatA, * C

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jJAna ane nIti 345 te ja have jJAnImAM lakSaNarUpe thaI rahyA che-svabhAvathI ja (vinA prayatna) enAmAM e vazI rahyA che." uparanA UtArAmAMthI eka siddhAnta spaSTa rIte nIkaLe che te e ke zAMkaravedAnta pramANe karma, jJAna, ane pAchu karma pahelA ane chellA karma vacce taphAvata eTale ke paheluM karma te jJAnane mATe, ane chelle karma te jJAnamAMthI svataH UpajI AvatuM. jJAnanI pachI nahi, paNa jJAnasamakAlIna, ane te paNa jJAnamAM bahArathI lAvI umeravAnuM nahi paNa jJAnamAMthI svayaMkalita thatuM ane tethI jJAnarUpa ja. ATalA vivecanathI eka vAta spaSTa thaI te e ke "apakSa jJAna- antima jJAna-prApta thayA pachI kAMI ja karavAnuM bAkI rahetuM nathI. je kaI karma thAya che te jJAnane aMge ja thAya che. paNa upara jene "pakSa jJAna" kahyuM tenI sAthe sadavartana-karma-ne joDavAnI jarUra kharI ke nahi? Ane uttara ke zAMkara vedAntamAM jene "pakSa jJAna" kahe che e paNa sarvathA tarkadalIla athata magajanA vyApArarUpa che ema nathI, je ke emAM magajanA vyApAranuM prAdhAnya hovAthI ene upara e rUpe varNavavAmAM AvyuM che. kharI rIte jotAM, parAkSa jJAna te kAcuM jJAna ane apakSa jJAna te pAkuM jJAna evo bheda paDavAne vadhAre ucita che; kAraNa ke aparokSa jJAna parAkSa jJAnanI paripavAvasthA che. pakSa jJAna AtmAmAM karIne, pitAne anurUpa vartana suzliSTa rIte UpajAvI, Aja sudhI je savartana zubhavAsanA (pUrvanA zubha saMskAra ane AsapAsanI zubha paristhiti) ne lIdhe eka Teva mAphaka (instinctive) UpajI AvatuM hatuM, e ja sadvartanane havethI samajaNavALuM (Rational) karI, samasta AtmAne pitAnA tejathI raMge che, paripakava kare che, ene Antara rasa prakaTa karI Ape che. A chellI avasthA e apakSa jJAnanI avasthA che. A pramANe pakSa jJAna ane apakSa jJAna eka ja jJAnanI be bhUmikAo hovAthI, jema aparAkSa jJAnamAM sadavartana eka svAbhAvika dharma tarIke enI meLe ja samAI jAya che tema pakSajJAna paNa ene (savartanane) ghaNuM upakAraka thaI paDe che. parokSa jJAnanI paNa savartana upara kevI sacoTa asara thAya che e nIce UtAre bahu sArI rIte samajAve che - "On the other hand, as it is impossible to separate practice from theory, so it is impossible to separate theory from practice. As Aristotle insisted, the abiding interest of the

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349 jJAna ane nIti " moralist is practical, as well as theoretical. Wisdom has its natural outflow in goodness, as proverbial morality has always declared; the head guides the hand, the intellect the will. This inseparable connection of theory and practice was profoundly understood by the Greek philosophers, with whom Socrates' maxim that "virtue is knowledge" was always a guiding idea, as well as by the Hebrews, for whom wisdom and goodness, folly and sin, were synonymous terms. It is also familiar to use from the teaching of Christianity, whose Founder claims to be at once the Truth and the Life, and preaches that life eternal' is 'to know' the Father and the Son. A large and deeper concep- __ tion of the meaning of life inevitably brings with it a larger and deeper life. Intellectual superficiality is a main source of moral evil; folly and vice are largely synonymous. Accordingly the first step towards moral reformation is to rouse reflection in a man or people; to give them a new insight into the significance of moral alternative. The claims of morality will not be satisfied until the rigour of these claims is understood. All moral awakening is primarily an intellectual awakening, a repentance or change of mind (metavola). Moral insight is the necessary condition of moral life, and the philosophy which deepens such insight is at once theoretical and practical in its interest and its value. By fixing our attention upon the ideal, ethics tends to raise the level of the actual. The very intellectual effort is itself morally elevating; such a turn of the attention is full of meaning of character. A moral truth does not remain a merely intellectual apprehension; it rouses the emotion, and demands expression, through them, in action or in life". Ethical Principles by Prof. James Seth. tAtparya ke sAkreTisa vagere grIka tattvajJAnIonA, temaja prAcIna yAhudIonA ane kizcayanAnA paNa, e ja siddhAnta che, ane te kharAkhara che ke--jJAna e ja jIvana che, nIti che, ane ajJAna e ja pApa che. *(St. John's central conception of Light' similarly emphasises the unity of the intellectual and the moral life)

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jJAna ane nIti 347 jIvananA uddezanI vizALa ane U'DI samajaNathI jIvana vizALa ane UrDa' banatuM Ave che. mATe ja zrImadbhagavadgItAmAM kahyuM che ke-- "" " na hi jJAnena saSTazaM pavitramiha vidyate / ane e parama ga'bhIra sidhAntanuM tAtparyaM kyAM raheluM che e yathAmati samajAvavA ame anne yatna karyo che. enI pUrepUrI samajaNu meLavavA mATe to e siddhAntane jIvanamAM utAravAnI jarUra che; A pramANe jyAre e jIvanamAM Utare che, enuM parizIlana-parijIvana thAya che, tyAre ja enI ananta UMDI khINA jJAnanA prakAzathI bharAI rahe che. [ vasanta, mAdha saMvata, 1960 ]

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344 brahmAnanda zI rIte thAya ? - - brahmAnanda zI rIte thAya ? vicAramAlA 1 prazna-vedAnta mekSadazA prApta thatAM kevala dukhanI nivRtti ja nahi, paNa sukhane AvirbhAva paNa mAnyo che. paNa evo sukhane anubhava AtmAne jJAna prApta karyA chatAM paNa nathI thato enuM zuM kAraNa? bhAre prazna e che ke jevo Ananda khunanA ArepavALA purU AropathI mukta thatA anubhave che tevo vedAntajJAna prApta karyA chatAM anubhavAto nathI enuM zuM kAraNa? duHkha mithyA che eTale nizcaya thatAM duHkhanI nivRttine anubhava thAya che, paNa Anandane nathI thato e saMbaMdhI A prazna che. uttara-kharekhara, A zaMkA keTalAkane thatI haze. paraMtu ApanA praznanA uttaramAM mAre be cAra bAbate kahevAnI che, jemAMnI eka sudarzanamAM, eka vakhata carcIlI pharIthI carcavI paDaze. eTaluM piSTapeSaNa mApha karaze. 1) Apa kaho che ema thavAnuM eka mukhya kAraNa e che ke ghaNuM vAra " satyaM karizar e prasiddha sUtrane pUrvArdha vIsarI javAya che. jagatanuM mithyAtva brahmanA satyatva-sahavartamAna che e vAta upara lakSa rahevuM joIe, je nathI rahetu zuM jagata nathI, eTale jagata nathI eTaluM ja ? ema hoya to to zunyavAda Ave. ane kharuM pUcho to ApaNuM ghaNuM kharA vedAntI kahevAtA jane kharA abhyAsane abhAve vastutaH zUnyavAdI ja hoya che. A emanI heTI bhrAnti che. brahmarUpI zilAna-sAgaranA UrmiothI jagata vyApta che, e Urmio zivAya anya koI paNa vastu ja nathI-ATaluM smaraNamAM rahe te A bhrama na thAya. (2) A vismaraNa thavAnuM ane A bhrama thavAnuM eka bIjuM kAraNa che. jema cIkaNuM vAsaNane jala sparza karI zakatuM nathI, tema jyAM sudhI hadayapAtra malina vAsanArUpI kALI ane cIkaNI bhaLIthI pAeluM che, tyAM sudhI brahmajJAnarUpI amRtajaLa vastutaH ene sparza karI zakaze nahi. ane e sparza thayA vinA, tame jANe che ke, Ananda kema anubhavAya? "tacadA priyayA striyA saMpariSvakto na bAhyaM kiMcana veda nAntaramevamevAyaM puruSaH prAjJenAtmanA saMpariSvakto na bAhyaM kiMcana

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brahmAnanda zI rIte thAya ? 3 vera vAratA" e zrutinA "riyA " ("sArI rIte cetaraphathI AligAelo (zabdamAM) bahu artha che. paNa tame pUchaze ke A malina vAsanA kema jAya?" ene uttara ke - (3) "daivI saMpata'nI vRddhi karavAthI. ApaNAmA eka bhrama cAlate ghaNuvAra najare paDe che te e che ke "vittavRttinirodha" ne "ga" dhyAna," ityAdi nAma ApI ene malina vAsanA kSayanuM mukhya sAdhana mAnavAmAM Ave che. "zcittavRttinirodhaH' ityAdi sUtra racanArano Azaya ApaNuM prAkRta leke mAne che te karatAM jude ja che, ane ene vAstavika artha mahAre grAhya che. paNa te darzAvavAno ane prasaMga nathI. mATe hamaNAM te huM ema ja kahIza ke "cittavRttinA nirodhathI malina vAsanAno kSaya thAya che" e kahevuM e saMpUrNa satya nathI. malina vAsanAne kharekhara kSaya tidirAdhI zubhavAsanA ane zubhavAsanAmAMthI utpanna thatA sadAcAra (satakarmothI thAya che. mATe ja zrIkRSNa bhagavagItAmAM pravRtti upadezI che, ane "AsurI saMpata " nI sahAme, eno abhAva na mUkatAM, "daivI saMpata " evA nAmathI bhAvAtmaka mana vANuM ane kriyAnA dharmonuM pratipAdana karyuM che. sArAMza ke malinabhAvana vega hadayamAMthI dUra karavA mATe kharU sAdhana zubha karmo che. ane karmonI hadaya upara ane hRdayanI karmo upara esa paraspara asara thaI, Akhare manuSyanuM samagra svarUpa vizuddha bane che. evI + artha -jema puruSa enI priyA jyAre ene sArI rIte ane cotaraphathI Aligana kare che tyAre e bAhya ke Antara kAMI (bheda) jANatA nathI, tema paramAtmAthI sArI rIte ane cotaraphathI Aligita thatAM AtmA bAhya ke Antara kAMI paNa jANato nathI. 4 zrImad bhagavadgItA kadAca upasthita na hoya mATe UtAre ApIzuM. bhASAntaranI jarUra paDe evuM nathI. abhayaM sattvasaMzuddhiAnayogavyavasthitiH / dAnaM damazca yajJazca svAdhyAyastapa Arjavam // ahiMsA satyamakrodhastyAgaH zAntirapaizunam / dayA bhUteSvaloluptvaM mArdavaM hIracApalam // tejaH kSamA dhRtiH zaucamadroho nAtimAnitA / bhavanti saMpadaM devImabhijAtasya bhArata // [ mAvadItA ]

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350 brahmAnanda zI rIte thAya ? vizuddhi prApta thatAM, brahmadarzana ane brahmadarzananA niratizaya AnaMda saheja che, (4) ApaNe tA have sAdhananA sevana vinA ja mAtra vedAntaprakriyAnA granthA vAMcIne ja paramAtmAne phoMcI javAnI AzA rAkhIe chIe ! are ! ApaNA jevAne paNa atyAre ja paramAnaMdanI prApti thaI jAya ema hAya tA pachI vedAnta mATe ze| vicAra mAMdhavA ? mhane te evA tattvadarzananI mahattA viSe tema ja yathArthatA viSe bahu zakA rahe. rAtrie aparimita gaganama DaLI upara dRSTi nAMkhA, ane kAIkavAra kSaNabhara zAntithI dhyAnayAga karI tamArA hRdayamAM kevA kevA mahAna padArthInuM astitva anubhavAya che e vicAramAM le, ane pachI kaheA ke e sarvanA khulAsA tame A te A janmamAM karI nAMkhavAne samartha che? ema hAta tA zrIkRSNa A viSayane bahu ja gAMbhIrya arpI,-- 1 'yatatAmapi siddhAnAM kazcinmAM vetti tattvataH / ' ( yatna karyo chatAM sihomAMthI paNa mane tattvataH koIka ja jANe che.) * x X * * bahUnAM janmanAmante jJAnavAn mAM prapadyate ' vyUhu bahu janmAne aMte jJAnavAna mane pAme che. " X x * * ema kaheta ja nahi. tyAre kharI vAta to e che ke paramAtmaprApti mATe zAstra batAvelA yamaniyamazamadamAdi SasaiMpatti vagere sAdhananA abhyAsa avazya karavA joie, jIvA bRhadAraNyaka zrutimAM sAdhananA nirdezaH-- x s " tasmAdevaMvicchAntA dAnta uparatastitikSuH samAhito bhUtvA''StmAnyevA''tmAnaM pazyati sarvamAtmAnaM pazyati nainaM pApmA tarati sarva pApmAnaM tarati nainaM pApmA tapati sarva pApmAnaM tapati vipApo vijJo'iivajillo mAnno mati" (=mATe je zrama krama uparita titikSA ane samAdhAna prApta karI ema jANe che, te AtmAmAM AtmA- paramAtmAjIe che, ane sarvane Atma-( svasvarUpabhUta paramAtma--)-rUpa jue che. ene pApa jItatuM nathI e sarve pApane jIte che, ene pApa bALatuM nathI, e sarvAM pApane khALe che. pApa, raja, ane zakAthI mukta thaI e kharA brAhmaNa thAya che. " ) vaLI khIjI zrutimAM yurikaya " eTale 66 ..

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brahmAnanda zI rIte thAya ? 3pa1. dama, dAna, ane dayAnI kartavyatA batAvI che, keTaleka sthaLe tapa ane zraddhAnI, ane vaLI bIje satya ahiMsA brahmacarya Adi dharmo upadezyA che. ApaNu daSTAntamAMthI paNa sAdhananI kartavyatA bahu phalita thAya che. huM mukta chuM" eTalI kalpanAthI AropIne AnaMda Avato nathI, paNa jyAre e vastutaH mukta Thare che tyAre ja. e ja rIte ApaNe vAstavika mukti sAdhanadvArA apakSa jJAnaviSaya karavAnI che. "huM mukta chuM, huM mukta chuM" ema vRthA jalpa karavAthI kAMI ja lAbha nathI, tathA duHkhanI nivRtti paNa mAtra duHkha mithyA che ema kahIne karavAnI nathI, paNa hRdayaguhAmAM "alakha" jagAvIne karavAnI che-ane A "alakha" jagAvavA mATe nIti (satkarma), jJAna, dhyAna, prema Adi aneka sAdhane che, jemAMnuM eka paNa niravadhi Ananda upajAvI zake che, te sarva ekatra thAya tyAM zuM kahevuM! A sarve saMbadhe mahAre bahu kahevAnuM che paraMtu e te vaLI keI bIje prasaMge khAsa lekha dvArA kahIza. ApaNe te hamaNuM eTalo vicAra karavAnuM hatuM ke vedAntanuM jJAna prApta karyA chatAM Ananda kema nathI Avata? mAre yathAmati uttara eTalo che ke (1) adhikArapUrvaka sAdhanasevana vinA daivIsaMpata prApta thatI nathI; (2) daivI saMpata vinA malina vAsanAne kSaya thato nathI; (3) e kSaya thayA vinA brahmajJAna vyartha che, vyartha te zuM paNa utpanna ja thatuM nathI; ane (4) brahmajJAna vinA kela jagatanuM mithyAtva anubhavavuM e te zunyavAdane AcAra che, ane vadhAre cekasa rIte belIe te kharI rIte emAM mithyAtva anubhavAtuM ja nathI, kAraNa ke jagata nuM mithyAtva te brahmAnA satyavane laIne ja arthavALuM bane che. te vinA to mithyAtva anubhavavuM eTale kSaNavAra AMkha mIcavI ke ughI javuM-je avasthA vastutaH aMdhakAranI che, prakAzanI nathI. mATe vedAntanA anubhavane mULa pAye sadAcAra upara che, ane e bhAge ApaNuM badhuo jema jema cAlatA jaze tema tema kharA vedAntajJAnanI samIpa avAtuM jaze. hAla keTalAka vedAntIomAM je samajaNa dekhAya che te atyanta zokajanaka che. 2 praznaH-Apa vedAntanA sAkSAtkAra mATe sadAcAranI AvazyakatA upara ATale badhe bhAra mUke che, ane ame te eka prasiddha vedAnta granthamAM vAMcIe chIe ke - " nisvaiguNye pathi vicaratAM ko vidhiH ko niSedhaH"

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upara brahmAnanda zI rIte thAya ? = traNa guNathI para evA mArgamAM vicaranArAone vidhi che ane niSedha zo?" A virodha zI rIte TALavo? uttara-kharI vAta che ke vedAntanirUpaNamAM huM nIti upara bahu bhAra mUkuM chuM. AraMbhathI ja huM AgrahapUrvaka kaheto Avyo chuM ke advaitavedAnta e kharI dhArmikatAnuM rahasya che, ane nItine e vizALa ane parama gaMbhIra pAyo che. A be satye ja vAcaka AgaLa sAMgopAMga rIte prakAzita karI zakAya te e gheTuM che? Apa jANatA ja hazo ke sudanimAM A daSTibindu kAMI navIna nathI. bra. maNibhAIe "abheda ane "prema", zabda eTalA mATe ja pracalita karyA hatA. ApanA praznano uttara A rIte che - (1) prAcIna samayamAM vedAntane abhyAsa mAMDatAM pahelAM sadAcAranuM astitva mAnI levAmAM AvatuM hatuM. eTaluM ja nahi paNa-bIjuM-varNazramanI vyavasthA sadAcAranI siddhi mATe evI upayogI thatI ke eTalI vyavasthAne yathAsthita rIte tAbe thatAM evA AtmA thoDI ja rahetA ke jenAmAM sadAcAra tarapha saci na hoya. evA dIdhuM ane zraddhApura sara karelA nItinA paricaya pachI e nIti kevI Avazyaka che e mumukSune kahevAnI jarUra ja paDatI nahi. mAtra samajAvavAnuM eTaluM ja rahetuM ke zAsse upadezelA pravRttilakSaNa dharmane aMge eNe Aja paryata agnihotrAdi je karmo kayI che te have pachI nirarthaka che kemake have eNe je mArgamAM praveza karavAne che te mekSane che, jJAnane che, eTale nivRttidharmanuM emAM prAdhAnya che. evA mumukSane ukta upadeza karyA chatAM paNa Aja sudhI zraddhAthI je je karmo eNe karyo che, te upara svAbhAvika rIte enuM mana ceTI rahe che. ane te khaseDavA mATe ja zAstra kahe che - " nisvaiguNye pathi vicaratAM ko vidhiH ko niSedhaH" Ama vidhi-niSedhane abhAva bodhavAmAM jJAnamArgIne Azaya sadacaraNanI vyavasthA pI nAkhavAnuM nathI, paNa amuka prakArano AcAra-kamekAMDAdi sakAma kriyAmAtra-have pachI nirarthaka che, eTaluM ja samajAvavAne che. (2) bIjuM jJAna mATe ema kahevAmAM Ave che ke "tvapira rumAna jAna tti ja niva -arthAta "traNa lokane haNane paNa e

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brahmAnanda zI rIte thAya? 353 haNatA nathI ane badhA nathI,' Ama kahevAmAM mukhya tAtparya te jJAnanuM mAhAmya pradarzita karavAnuM che. AvA atiprazaMsAnA vAkya vagara, jJAnathI vidUra ane karmaveganuM rahasya na jANanAra evA arjunane jJAna prApta karI yAta karma AcaravA tarapha abhiruci ane utsAha kema thAta? arjuna jevo rAjyAdi bhoga upara tiraskAra daSTithI jete puruSa "traNa lokane haNavA"--rUpI pApAcaraNamAM Utare e te azakya ja hatuM, ane tethI ja A udAma upadeza banI zake che. paraMtu A uparAMta jhINuM dRSTithI samajavA jevI anne eka bIjI bAbata paNa che, ane te e ke-jJAnI "haNane paNa haNato nathI," ane tethI ja "bandhA nathI." arthAta sAmAnya svarUpamAM to "hana" nI joDe "bandhana" vaLageluM ja che. je haNato nathI eTale ke "hanana" mAM je pApa-aMza rahelo che te jenAmAM Avato nathI, te ja bandhAto nathI. e pApa-aMza ? adharmarUpa hevuM te. hanana sarvane mATe vihita dharma-nathI. amukane mATe ja che, ane te amuka sthala prasaMga paratve ja che, te sivAya anyatra e adharma che. A maryAdA * nIcenA UtArAnI chellI paMktimAM darzAveluM jJAnanuM mAhAsya juve; jemAM atizayokti te che - " The ordinary virtue, the ordinary judgements that a thing is good or bad, are the result of custom, and diametrically opposed to philosophic or selfconscious virtue...... In common parlance men are called brave even if they fight from fear. Genuine virtue, on the other han coincides with the consciousness of its reasons to such an extent that such knowledge, as Socrates has already taught, ennobles even wickedness, while its absence spoils the highest virtue" Erdmann's History of Philosophy Vol. I, p. 100 ( Plato ). tAtparya-kemAM rUDhine AcAra e sadAcAra kahevAya che. bhayathI laDhanArane paNa leke bahAdura kaheze, paNa zAstrIya daSTie e bahAdura nathI; samajIne laDhanAra puruSa ja bahAdura che. khare sadAcAra jJAna (tattvavicAra) vinA saMbhava nathI. jJAnasahavartamAna pApamAM paNa uccatA Ave che, ane uttamottama saguNa paNa jJAna vinA bagaDI jAya che. 45

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354 brahmAnanda zI rIte thAya ? rIte jotAM, jeNe dharmanuM tattva jANyuM che te khATuM evA yAdacchika bheda samajatA ja nathI; seATIthI ja tapAse sakAraNa che. ane A amuka kArya sArUM amuka e to sarva karmane eka amuka sArvatrika niyamanI che, ane ema tapAsatAM ene je ceAgya lAge che te karavAmAM e Adha gaNatA nathI. arthAta dRyA kSamA Adi guNe! svataH sArA kheATA nathI, emanuM sArA-khATApaNuM bIjethI Ave che. e sarvanI pAchaLa raheluM je sArA-kheATAnuM tattva temAMthI Ave che. e tattvane laine ekanuM eka ja kAryaM amuka deza, kAla, prasaMga, karto mATe sArUM thAya che; anya mATe khATuM Thare che. eka udAharaNa tarIke lArDa rAkharTsane raziyA hAme raNabhUmi upara UbhelA kalpA, ane jyAre cotarapha asaMkhya yAhAe potAnA deza tarapha kartavya karavAne tatpara thaI rahelA che te vakhata ene yA zAnti Adi bhAvAmAM gaLI jatA dRSTi AgaLa upasthita karA--eTale tarata tamane gItAnA upadezanI mahattA samajAze. e upadezamAM je anekAneka avAntara mAdha rahelA che temAMnA eka A che ke nItine te te kriyArUpe na avaleAkatAM, te te kriyAomAM rahelA nItitattvanI dRSTie avaaAkavI; arthAt Moral Philosophy ( nItitattvavicAra ) nuM dvAra udhADavuM. (3) trIjuM----Ape batAvelI pa`kitamAM 'nibhraMzubja ' zabdanA artha samajavA jevA che. niSNuLyo mavAnuMna"----he arjuna ! tuM niaiguNya * " True or scientific knowledge, then of whatever can be known must be general knowledge, relating not to individuals primarily, but to the general facts or qualities which individuals exemplify." Sidgwick's History of Ethics p. 37 (Plato) tAtparya--zAstrIya jJAnamAM te te vyaktimAM prakAzatuM je sAmAnya tattva tenuM grahaNa thAya che. "He (Plato) does not recognise an internal diversity among the separate virtues, but assumes an unity of the virtues corresponding to the unity of knowledge." -Wundt's Ethics p. 276. tAtparya--jema jJAna ekAkAra che tema sadguNa paNa ekAkAra che arthAt sadguNI evI vastu nathI, mAtra sadguNa ja che.

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brahmAnanda zI rIte thAya 355 " thA. ema kRSNa kahe che. ane vaLI kahe che ke " vAcate AthA: ma sarve: praznatinaOMnaiH--sarva prANImAtra prakRti thakI thaelA traNa guNavaDe avaza rahI kArya kare jAya che." Ama eka taraphathI "triguNa"nuM anivArya andhana, ane bIjI taraphathI "nistraguNya" thavAnA upadeza che, ane e anene sAthe mUkI emAMthI avirAdha tAravI kADhave e samagra gItAnuM eka tAtparya che, atre prathama tA karma ane jJAnane, vA prakRti ane puruSanA, saMbandhu samajavAnA che. ApaNA AtmAnuM svarUpa vicArIzuM te emAM e vibhAga samajAzeH eka jaDarUpa, ane eka caitanyarUpa. temAM je jaDa aMza che te prakRtinA, karmanA che; caitanyaaMza te brahma (puruSa)nA, jJAnanA che. have A e aMza A khaDIAmAM zAhI che tema, athavA A dALaDImAM eka hIrA mUkayA hoya tema, ke A sthaLe dIvA prakAzatA hoya tema--eka bIjAnI aMdara saMceAgasaMbaMdhe rahelA nathI; tema ja A Tebala jema lAkaDAnuM baneluM che tema jaDanuM caitanya ke caitanyanuM jaDa baneluM che ema paNa nathI; e khenA saMbaMdha kAIka vilakSaNa prakAranA che. have jaDaprakRti-nA svabhAva je karma te teA dUra karI zakAya ema nathI, eTale ema karavAnA yatna paNa vyartha che. paNa caitanyanI zakti eTalI che ke peAtAnA jJAnasvarUpane enA aMtaramAM prakAza pADI e karmane 'natural' (prakRtinI ) sthitimAthI kADhI 'Supernatural' (prakRtithI para) sthitimAM mUkI zake che. ane A rIte ene ' moral' ane ' spiritual ' ( nIti ane adhyAtma-- ) arthavALuM banAvI zake che. A sthiti te " nigrejI. " avasthA traNa guNunA mAtra abhAvarUpI avasthA nahi, paNa traNa guNathI "" * A be vibhAga paNa vastutaH nathI. preA. grIna kahe che tema,-- jema prANInAM avayavA yantravat gAThavAelAM che paNa tethI prANI kAMI yuntra nathI, tema manuSyane prANa--deha che tathApi e vastutaH prANI nathI, paNa sarvane sAkSI, ane dezakAlAdi upAdhithI para tattva che. "In strict truth the man who knows, so far from being an animal altogether, is not an animal at all even in part.. He is not an animal, not a link in the chain of natural becoming...an eternal consciousness not existing in time but the condition of there being an order in time, not an object of experience, but the condition of there being an intelligent experience. --Prof, Green,

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356 brahmAnanda zI rIte thAya che. para ane traNe guNane potAnA udaramAM saMgrahI lenAra evI avasthA-vidhiniSedhathI viruddha AcAranI avasthA nahi, paNa vidhiniSedhanA prAkRta bhedane pitAnI alaukika ekatAmAM, enA andhakArane pitAnA prakAzamAM, enI jaDatAne pitAnA caitanyamAM-laya karI lenArI avasthA. tyAre A sarva vAtane sAra ke-jaDane svarUpAntara pamADanAra je citarUpa padArtha te jaDane prakAzaka sAkSI che jaDane eka bhAga nathI ema batAvI, enA AdhAra upara advaita siddhAntane anukUla rIte, tema ja te te varNanA svAbhAvika guNane ane lAMbA anubhavane lakSamAM laI zAstroe je niyama ghaDyA che tene mAna ApI, nItinuM tattvajJAna racavuM; ane sarvanI AgaLa tema ja pAchaLa-AraMbhamAM tema ja antamAM-paramAtmArUpI e mahAna prakAza jhagajhagate rAkho ke jethI mArgamAM bhUlA paDavAne saMbhava ja na rahe e gItAne eTale vedAntane parama gaMbhIra ane parama ramaNIya upadeza che. ane A daSTibindue pahoMcatAM vidhiniSedhane zo bAdha AvyuM? bAdha na Avyo eTaluM ja nahi paNa puSTi maLI; nItinuM tattvajJAna racavA mATe Avazyaka AdhAra maLyo. (4) " AgaLa tema ja pAchaLa paramAtmAne jhagajhagata prakAza" e kSaka ane alaukika nIti vacceno bheda darzAvI Ape che. je manuSyanA nItisaMbadhI vicAro A jagatamAM ja saMkaDAI rahe che, je A dazya jagatathI para nItinuM "prabhava ane pralaya"-sthAna-paramAtmA-evo padArtha ja mAnato nathI, e kadAca pUrva janmanA saMskArane lIdhe svAbhAvika valaNane lIdhe ema kahevuM yogya lAge te tema ) nItivALA thaI zakaze. paNa e nItiracanA khoTA tattvajJAna upara racAelI che eTaluM ja nahi, paNa enI sthiratA paNa zaMkAspada che. kaMdamUDha =di saritA nA as a gna tahiM guNA" tevI ja dharmarahita nIti che. manuSyanA hadayamAM kevA kevA rAkSaso-"raktabIje" -bharyA che enI ene potAne paNa khabara hotI nathI. enI sAthe yuddha karavA mATe paramAtmAnA sAhAyanI bahu apekSA che, ane A sAhAsya mukhavaDe prArthanA karavAthI ja ke hasta * << I shall never incur the danger of being too proud of my own power and ability, for I well know, that but for the restraining hand of a higher power what a hideous monster would be born in every human bosom." Goethe.

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brahmAnanda zI rIte thAya? 357 vaDe karmakAMDa karavAthI ja maLI zakatuM nathI, paNa jyAre UMDA aMtaramAMthI uchaLIne, jema jaLa bahAra kADhavAmAM AvatAM mAchalI jaLamAM paDatuM nAkhe che, tema, jIvAtmA paramAtmAnA caraNe jaI paDe che, enI IcchAne paramAbhAnI IcchA sAthe saMgati pamADe che, pote kare che te paramAtmA ja kare che ema mithyAvAda tarIke nahi paNa vastutaH-zraddhA rAkhI samaje che, tyAre ja e sAhAsya prApta thAya che. paramAtmAnuM nItisaMgadhe je sthAna che tene lIdhe ja nIti dharmarUpe unnata svarUpAntara pAmI emAM lIna thAya che, ane e vinA zuSka tathA nirmAlya rahe che. . tyAre ApanA praznane mAre namra uttara e che ke - (1) karmakAMDane anAdara; (2) te te avyavasthita kAryone sthAne sadasatanuM tattva darzA vanAra niyamAnusArI vyavasthA (3) AtmAnuM prakRtithI para hevuM ane e arthamAM akatva, ane (4) nItine dharmanI bhUmikAe caDhatAM ene maLatuM alau kika svarUpAntara, e cAra siddhAntane upadeza e ja nikuLe thi ujavAtAM vidhiH jo niSedha" vAkyanuM rahasya che. enuM nIti viruddha tAtparya che ema jarA paNa samajavAnuM nathI. "nijoguNya"--rUpI advaitanA aparekSa anubhavI tema ja tatsamIpamAM vicaranArA mahAtmAo te pApI, adhama, krara, ekalapeTA hoya ema saMbhave ja nahi. emanuM kharuM svarUpa te akhAe varNavyuM che, ane te Ape vAMcyuM ja haze - "nitya rAsa nArAyaNa kere dekhe te anaMta apAra; jihAM jevo tihAM te, nArAyaNa naranAra. gaga kaMThe gAte thake romAMcita e gAtra; harSa AMsu bahu heta hRdaya, prema keruM te pAtra. navanIta sarakhuM hRdaya kamaLa, kahyuM na jAye heta, AMkhamAMhe amRta bhariyuM, haribhakti keruM kSetra, >> Hodalom It is God that worketh in us to will and to do of His good pleasure." * jIve "bhAgavatattama" A pustakamAM pa. 5 thI.

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358 brahmAnanda zI rIte thAya ? Heine kahe cheH "It is an error to suppose that this religion, Pantheism, leads men to indifference. On the contrary the consciousness of his divinity will inspire man with enthusiasm for its manifestation, and from this moment will the really noble achievement of true heroism glorify the earth." arthAta ke A dharma-advaitavAda manuSyane kartavya prati bedarakAra kare che ema mAnavuM e bhUla che. ulaTuM-AtmAna brahmabhAva jANatAM brahmabhAva prakaTa karavA tarapha e utsAhathI prerAze. ane te kSaNathI kharA vIratvanAM kharAM umadA parAkrame jagatane tejasvI karaze. zrIbhAgavata-bhagavaddagItAdimAM mahi?" e arthanI uktio aneka che; ane avakAza hoya te jIvanmukitavivekamAM UtArelA A ke vAMce - 'AryatA hRdhatA maitrI saumyatA muktatA jJatA / samAzrayatti te nityAnA pufmavAlaH pezalAcAramadhuraM sarve vAJchanti taM janAH / veNuM madhuranidhvAnaM vane vanamRgA iva // " AryatA, haidyatA, maitrI, saumyatA, muktatA, zAnitA-e sarve aMtaHpuramAM strIo rahe ema niraMtara enAmAM Azraya karI rahe che. sundara AcAra karIne madhura evA ene sarva jane vAM che che, jema vanamAM madhura veNunAda tarapha vanamRgo snehathI vaLe che tema." [sudarzanaH okaTobara 1899]

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kenepaniSadda 3pa9 kenepaniSad sUla -(ziSya gurune pUche che) kenI icchAthI, konA nivegathI mana cAle che? kemanA saMbandhathI prANane prathama saMcAra thAya che? konI IcchAthI A vANuM bolAya che ? cakSu, zrotrane pravartAvanAra deva keNa che(guru uttara de che.) je zrotranuM zrotra che, je mananuM mana che, je vANanI vANuM che, je prANune prANa che, je cakSunuM cakSu che te. tenA jJAnavALA atyanta mukta thaI A lokamAMthI jaI amRta thAya che te brahmA-mAM cakSu jaI zakatuM nathI, vANuM jaI zakatI nathI, mana jaI zakatuM nathI. tene ame nathI samajatA, nathI jANatA ke jethI tenuM anuzAsana karI zakIe. te jJAta tathA ajJAta banethI bhinna tathA para che, ema ame prAcIna RSio pAsethI sAMbhaLyuM che, jemaNe amane tevuM vyAkhyAna karI saMbhaLAvyuM. je vANuM thakI vadI zakAtuM nathI, paNa jenAthI vANuM pite ja vadAya che te ja brahma huM jANuM. je A upAsya che te A brA nathI. jenuM mana vaDe koI manana karI zakatuM nathI, paNa jenAthI mananuM mana thAya che, te ja braha0. jene cathI kAI joI zakatuM nathI paNa jenA vaDe cakSuo jevAya che, te ja brahma. jene zrotra vaDe keI sAMbhaLatuM nathI paNa jenA vaDe zrotra saMbhaLAya che, te ja brahma. jenuM prANu vaDe prANana thaI zakatuM nathI paNa jenA vaDe prANa pote ja cAle che, te ja brahma tuM jANa; je A upAsya che te A brahma nathIH Iti prathama khaNDa, (guru kahe che) jo tuM ema mAnate haIze ke meM brahma sArI rIte jANyuM, te kharekhara te mAtra brahmanuM alpa rUpa ja jANyuM che; te e ke je tAruM svarU5--che te, tathA je devAmAM che, te. vidita chatAM haju pAchaLathI te upara tAre manana karavAnI jarUra che ema mAruM dhAravuM che. (ziSya manana karI kahe che.) brahma sArI rIte jANyuM ema huM nathI mAnatameM nathI jANyuM ema nathI, ema jANuM chuM. amArAmAMthI jeNe tene jANyuM che teNe nathI jANyuM, ane jeNe nathI jANyuM teNe jANyuM che. arthAta - brahmanuM jeNe manana nathI karyuM teNe ja te karyuM che, tathA jeNe karyuM che te brahmAne jANato nathI. te jANanArane jaNAeluM nathI paNa na jANanArane jaNAeluM che. jeNe pratyeka pratyaya-badhamAM brahmane vidita ja mAneluM che te purUSa amRtatva-brahmabhAva-ne pAme che, svata virya-prabhAvate meLave

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360 nepaniSad che. jJAna vaDe amRta--brahma meLave che. A janmamAM brahma jANyuM te te kharUM, nahi tA mahAvinAza che. sarva bhUtamAtramAM brahmanuM sArI rIte cintana karI jJAnI purUSa! leAkamAMthI maraNAntara amRta thAya che--ti dvitIya khaNDa, (guru eka AkhyAyikA upadezarUpe kahe cheH ) devane arthe brahma jaya meLavyo. te brAnA jayamAM deve mahimA pAmyA. te ema jANavA lAgyA ke A jaya ApaNA ja che, A mahimA ApaNA ja che. brahma teonI A vAta jANI te AgaLa prakaTa thayuM. teoe agnine kahyuM A yakSa zuM te tuM jANI Ava. agni vArU kahI tenI pAse dADyo. agnine teNe pUchyuM ke tuM kANu che ? agnie kahyuM ke huM agni jAtaveda chuM. zradgha pUchyuM ke tArAmAM zuM khaLa che ? agnie javAba dIdhA ke huM je kAMI pRthvImAM che te sarve khALI zakuM! zrame tenA AgaLa eka tRNa mUkyuM, ane kahyuM ke Ane khALa. agni sarve vegathI te tRNu pAse gayA, paNa te khALI zakyA nahi. tyAMthI ja te pA vaLye, ane devAne kahyuM ke A yakSa zuM che te huM jANI zakyA nahi. pachI devAe vAyune kahyuM ke A yakSa zuM che te tuM jANI Ava. vAyu vArU kahI brahma pAse dADayeA. zraddhe pUchyuM ke tArAmAM zuM khaLa che? vAyue javAba dIdho ke huM je kAMI pRthvImAM che te saMne laI zakuM. brahma tenA AgaLa eka tRNu mUkyuM ane kahyuM ke A le. vAyu sa` vegathI te taraph gayeA, paNa te tRNune laI zakyA nahi. tyAMthI ja te pAchA karyo, ane devene AvIne kahyuM ke A yakSa zuM che te huM jANI zakyA nahi. pachI devAe indrane kahyuM ke he madhava! tuM A yakSa zuM che te jANI Ava. keMndra vArU kahI te tarapha doDyo. paNa brahma tenAthI ahita thaI garyuM. indrane te ja AkAzamAM bahu zeAbhAvALI umA haimavatI maLI. tene pUchyuM ke A yakSa zuM che? umAe javAma dIdhe| ke te brahma che. te A zrAnA vijayamAM tame mahimA pAmeA che. AthI iMdre jANyuM che te brahma che. agni, vAyu, tathA indre tene pAse sparza karyAM tethI ja bIjA devA karatAM A deve zreSTha jevA thayA. teoe ja A prazna e prathama jANyuM. tethI ja indra khIjA devA karatAM zreSTha jevA thaye. kAraNa ke indre brahmane pAse sparza karyAM. A brahma ema prathama jANyuM, pati tRtIya khaNDa, * je ( vidyuta jevuM ) jANe caLakyuM, ane nimIlita thayuM te brahmanA adhidaivata Adeza; tathA jenI pAse jANe mana jAya che, ane te vaDe

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' kenepaniSada 361 dhyAnI puruSa jenuM vAravAra upasmaraNu saMkalpAdi kare che te brahmanA adhyAtma Adeza. te saMbhajanIya vastu che. te vana ', eTale saMbhajanIya brahmanI upAsanA karavI joIe. A pramANe brahmane je jANe che tenAmAM sarve bhUtavarga icchAnukUla thAya che. mane upaniSad kahe! ema te kahyuM te A upaniSad tane kahI. brahmasaMbandhI upaniSad kahI. te upaniSadjJAnane arthe tapa, dama, ane karme e pAtra che, veda sa' aMga che, ane satya tenuM sthAna che je A upaniSad A pramANe jANe che tenA pApanA nAza thaI, anaMta mahAna meAkSamAM te pratiSThita thAya che. prati caturthAM khaNDa, " C " TIkAH--vedAnta zAstramAM brahmanAM be svarUpa kapyAM che. nirguNu ane sadguNu.-nirguNu svarUpa brahmanuM paramArthasvarUpa che. saguNu svarUpa mAyAne saMbaMdhe kalpita--mAyika,--upAsya svarUpa che. A vyavasthAne anusAre guru prathama khaMDamAM brahmanuM paramArtha svarUpa ziSyane upAsya svarUpathI pRthak karI samajAve che. atra prANa prathama kAnA saMbandhathI cAle che. ? tathA mana indriya vagere kAnI preraNAthI pravarte che ?A praznanA uttaramAM aMtaHkaraNarUpa upAdhiviziSTa jIvAtmAnuM ja nirUpaNu prasakta thayA chatAM, jIva ane brahmanuM aikya sUcavI advaita mata sthApavA nirvizeSa, upAdhirahita, niCNu brahmanuM nirUpaNa guru Arabhe che. atra zrotranuM niyAmaka, mananuM niyAmaka, ' ema na kahetAM ' zrotranuM zrotra, ' ' mananuM mana ' ityAdi kahI brahmane ekI vakhate zrotra, cakSu, mana rUpe varNavyuM. AthI zrautranuM' ema SaSThIvibhaktiyukta ' zrotra' zabdavarDa zrotrasaMbandhI brahma arthanA medha thaI, strotra zabdanA vAcyArthanI sAthe tenA tAdAtmyanA khAdha thayA. arthAt brahma sarvamaya che ema tAtparya siddha thayuM. tema ja brahma zrotra che, cakSu che, mana che eTaluM ja mAtra kahe teA tethI dehArdikane viSe AtmabhAva samajAI jaDavAda prApta thAya, mATe zrotranuM zrotra, mananuM mana e pramANe SaSThIvibhatithI bhedya, ane te ja zabdanuM punaHeMhaNa karI tenA vAcyArtha sAthe abheda, sUcavAya che. arthAt bheda chatAM abheda, vyavahAramAM bhe, ane paramArthamAM abhedaH : kAraNa ke je bhinna vastu te mithyA, eTale Akhare te ekarasa vRkSa ja. A rIte advaitanI vyavasthA karI, brahmamAM cakSu jaI zakatuM nathI, vANI jaI zakatI nathI, mana jaI zakatuM nathI ' ema kahI, brahma pratyakSa, zabda tathA anumAna pramANane paNa agAyara che ema sUcavyu. A sthaLe kAI ema zakA karaze ke " tyA vANI jaI zakatI nathI, mana 46 "

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. bI 362 kenepaniSadu jaI zakatuM nathI." ene artha ema nathI ke brahma sarvathA mana tathA vANIne agamya cheH brahmamAM aneka ananta guNe che te sarva ApaNe pAmara manuSya varNavI zakIe ema nathI, mATe ApaNuM "karuNAmaya" "nyAyakArI" ItyAdi zabda je ke brahmAnA aneka guNane ekadeza ja varNave che, tathApi te brahma para khoTA nathI. A zaMkAnuM nirAkaraNa mUlanA zabdothI ja thaI jAya che. prathama te Ama artha karavAmAM "na" e niSedha vAcaka padane mukhyArtha tyajI lAkSaNikArya svIkAravo paDe e ja dUSaNa, bIjuM A artha prakaraNa vicAratAM paNa asaMgata thAya che. "te ja brahma tuM jANa, je A upAsanA kare che te A brahma nathI." ema kahI brahma prArthanAupAsanAne viSaya nathI ema spaSTa rIte samajAvyuM che. trIjuM " rahyuM ti... ...."ityAdimAM jati (jAya che) zabdano prayoga paNa gUDha tAtparyapura sara thAya che. "tene cakSu joI zakatuM nathI, vANuM belI zakatI nathI, mana manana karI zakatuM nathI." ema na kahetAM cakSurAdi jaI zakatAM nathI" ema kahI te te karmane anukUla prayatna paNa saMbhava nathI ema sUcanA karI. athata brahma saMpUrNa rIte varNavI zakAtuM nathI eTaluM ja nathI, paNa tenA varNanAdine sarvathA niSedha che. "vijo vinAmaH ' e vAkyane paNa A ja artha che. ekavAra "ame te nathI samajatA ema kahevAthI zaMkA rahI jAya che ke brahma sarvaguNasahita buddhakyArUDha nathI karI zakAtuM mATe "ame nathI samajatA" ema kahyuM che ke sarvathA te jJAnane aviSaya che mATe tema kahyuM che ? A zaMkAnuM nivAraNa "na vize vinAmaH '--"ame nathI jANatA, nathI samajatA," kahevAthI thAya che. arthAta brahma sarvathA ame nathI jANatA e ja siddha artha che. tethI "karuNAmaya" "nyAyakArI," "parama pavitra" ityAdi vizeSaNe brahmamAM aprasaMjanIya che. vaLI te brahma "vidita tathA aviditathI bhinna che tathA para che eTale ke te jJAnaviSaya nathI tema ajJAta paNa nathI, tathApi svayaMprakAza hevAthI sarvadA jJAta ja cheH atuccha tathA parasvarUpa che. dvitIya khaMDamAM A viSayanu vizeSataH spaSTIkaraNa thaze. brA, mana, cakSa, zrotrAdikathI atIta chatAM, nathI ema nathI. mana, cakSa, tathA zrotrAdika pite ja enAthI siddha thAya che, kAraNa ke brahma ja sanmaya savanuM avabhAsika che. mATe "janmanasA na mare"--"jenuM mana vaDe kAI manana karI zakatuM nathI" ityAdi kahyuM. te brahma upAsya nathI, kAraNa ke jyAM vANI jaI zake nahi tenI prArthanA kema saMbhave? vaLI je nirguNa indriyarahita che,

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- kenepaniSada 363 te ApaNuM prArthanA sAMbhaLe paNa zI rIte? AkhakAma, IcchAdirAgarahitane "sarva kudaratI banAvAmAM, sarva vastudharmamAM prajana" javAnI tathA sAdhavAnI paNa zI jarUra? zrIkRSNa paramAtmA kahe che ke - " na kartRtvaM na karmANi lokasya sRjati prabhuH / na karmaphalasaMyogaH svabhAvastu pravartate // " bralamAM kartutva nathI, kArayitRtva nathI, karmalathI te nirlipta che, mAtra svabhAva-mAyA-pravarte jAya che." Ama che tyAre te vAstavika rIte brahmamAM upAsanAno avakAza na hovo joIe. ane kharekhara nathI ja. A ja zrutinyAyasiddha tattva che. prathama khaMDamAM upAsya brA ane reya brahmane viveka karI gurue ziSyane brahma saMpAdana karavA kahyuM. have dvitIyakhaMDamAM brahmajJAna te zuM e samajAve che. brahma ya che ema pUrve kahyuM. A uparathI ema samajavAnuM nathI ke koI paNa rIte brahmane pramANuviSaya karI zakAya. tyAre zuM vinApramANu brahma svIkAravuM? nA. ema paNa nathI. brahma sabhAvamAM sarva pramANa che, ane tema chatAM te pramANane agamya che. pramAtA, prameya,pramiti ane pramANu sarva pite ja che, kAraNa ke svasattAhIna pramANudi paNa brahmanI sattAthI ja skure che. te pachI brahmane viSe pramANadine zo avakAza? brahma pramANunirapekSa, svayaprakAza, aniSedhya vastu che. sarvapramANagamya mithyA padArthano niSedha karyA chatAM paNa avazeSamAM te rahe che, kAraNa ke sata-svarUpa pratyagAtmathI abhinna brahmane niSedha banI zakato nathI. brahma vinA niSedha ja asiddha thAya che. abhAva paNa bhAva vinA siddha thaI zakatuM nathI. niSedhamAM paNa siddhi Ave che. paNa A sarva upapatti advaitavAdamAM ja thavAnI. jo brahmane jIva-jagatathI bhinna keda aSTArUpa mAnIe te pramANunI temAM apekSA rahe. pramANu sivAya te siddha thaI zake nahi, ane A khaMDamAM pratipAdita brahmanuM svayaMprakAza asaMgata thAya, tathA temAM pramANaprasara thaI mithyAtva paNa Ave. sRSTa padArtho thakI bhinnaIzvarakAraNutA-vAda sarvathA yuktivihIna che e viSe kAMIka digadarzana pUrvakhaMDanI TIkAmAM karyuM che. vistarazaH A viSayanuM AgaLa upara vivecana karIzuM. tRtIya khaMDamAM eka kathArUpe brahanI sarvazakitamatA varNavI che. agni vAyu, Indra pitApitAnAM kArya karyuM jAya che, paNa te brahmAnI zakti thakI ja

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kenepaniSadda brahmAnI zakita vinA teomAM leza bhAra paNa svakIya zakita nathI. A pramANe A kathAne mukhya upadeza che, ane te ata matamAM ja upapanna thAya che. brahmane jIva-jagatathI bhinna keI nimitta cetana katarUpa mAnIe te tenI ja zaktithI sarva kArya thAya che ema na kahI zakAya. rathakAra rathAdi kare che temAM brahma kAraNuM kharuM ke nahi? je te ThekANe brahmane kAraNa na mAne te brahmanI sarvazakitamattA hAni pAme. vizvanAM ananta cetana prANuothI thatAM kAryomAM brahma kAraNa na kare, ane brahmanI zakti sarvaviSayaka na thatAM mAtra ekadezI thAya. vaLI tyAM paNa brahma kAraNa kharuM ema kaheze te kAraNakaTimAM vRthA gaurava thaze, tathA pApapuNyanI vyavasthA paNa e mata pramANe banI zakaze nahi. asaMkhya jIvamaMDalane kRtrima pUtaLAMnI mAphaka ramADI, je karma teo parata~ rIte kare che tene mATe sukhaduHkhAdi pharamAvavAM e brahmAne ke nyAya? kevI karaNI khare nirIzvaravAda te A ja. AthI IzvaranI vizeSa nindA zI thaI zake mATe brahmamAM sarvazaktimattva upapanna karavA ahamata svIkAravo joIe. A uparAMta indrAdi devone paNa utkRSTatA arpanAra brahmavidyAnuM parama-puravArthaa, tathA devo paNa abhimAnathI brahmane jANuM zakatA nathI mATe brahmajJAna saMpAdana karavA abhimAnanuM heyatva-ityAdi aneka bIjA upadeza A nAnI sarakhI kathAmAM samAela che. atra "umA haimavatI' thI vidyAkhyA parA zakita samajavAnI che. brahmavidyA-samyaga jJAna-vinA alabhya che. e samajAvavA A AlaMkArika vacana che. vidyAthI brahma jANavAnuM che, prArthanA upAsanA karavAnuM nathI. devoe paNa brahma "jANyuM" eTaluM ja atra kahyuM che, dee brahmanI stuti upAsanA karI evuM kAMI nathI. A uparathI tema ja nirguNa brahmane udezI A AkhyAyikA kahI che te uparathI paNuM jJAna ja mekSisAdhana, mukhya dharma che-ema tAtparya samajAya che. zabdavizeSa paNa A ja matane puSTi Ape che. yakSa" zabdane yajanIya--pUjanIya-artha karatAM A kathAmAMthI evo upadeza nIkaLe che ke brahmane pUjanIya mAnyAthI brahmanuM kharuM svarUpa samajAI jatuM nathI. samyagu jJAna-vidyA. prApta karyA sivAya te samajAtuM nathI vidyA prApta thaI eTale brahmamAM pUjanIyatva rahyuM nahi. I umA-vidyA-ne pUchayuM ke A yakSa zuM che? tyAre teNe A yakSa-pUjanIya-brahma che ema na kahetAM mAtra eTaluM ja kahyuM ke A brahma che. bIjuM-indrAdi deva ayogya rIte pUjAya che, athavA te teonI pUjA sadoSa che ema na kahetAM, brahmanA vijayamAM tame mahimA

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kenepaniSada 365 - - - - pAme che ema kahevAno artha evo che ke dee pitAnA mahimAmAM vAstavika rIte brahmane mahimA jANavAne che. tema ja mumukSue paNa IndrAdine mahimA arpatAM te vastutaH brahmane ja mahimA che ema jANavuM joIe. arthAta bhakitane jJAnasaMyutA karavAnI che. A vijaya Apane ja che. A mahimA Apane ja che -atra "ja" padathI sUcavAte brahmanA mahimAne vyavaccheda kare e ja bhrAnti che. AthI kAMI devonI mahanIyatA kheTI TharatI nathI. sarva mahimA brahmane ja che ema jANavAnuM che, tema chatAM brahma mahanIya nathI. mahanIyatA devAmAM ja ghaTe che, kAraNa ke brahma te pUrve kahyuM che tema nirguNa, aviSaya, anupAsya ja che. vaLI mUlamAM indra, vAyu, agni sarvathI zreSTha thayA ema na kahetAM "zreSTha jevA" thayA kahevAne abhiprAya evo che ke saguNa brahmanuM upAdhita tAratamya mAtra teomAM bhAse che. dvitIya khaMDamAM kahyuM tema jJAna-mekSa AtmAmAM svabhAvasiddha che. ane tethI vastutaH sarve samAna ja che. jeNe brahma nathI jANyuM teNe jANyuM che, ane jeNe jANyuM che teNe nathI jANyuM. atra umA" zabdathI ApaNe vidyAkhyA parAzaktinuM grahaNa karyuM; paNa have vidyAnuM svarUpa zuM che tathA vidyA kene kahevI ene nizcaya "umA' zabda upara jarA vizeSa lakSa detAM thaI zake che. "omakAra-ghaTaka "akAra, G"kAra, tathA "bhakArane strI-pratyaya lAgI 'mA' zabda thayo che. temAM prathama u"kAra pachI "marakAra ane pachI "akAra ema krama che. laya uparathI utpattinuM anumAna karI sthitinuM svarUpa nizcita karavuM te "umA-vidyA. bhAsamAna vastujAta nazvara che mATe te Adimata che ema anumAna karavuM; pachI utpatti tathA laya miththA vastunAM ja bane che, e uparathI sthitimAM paNa te mithyA ja che ema jANavuM te samya jJAna, zrIgauDapAdAcArye kahyuM che tema mahAvate ja aarreta vartamADapi tathA"-"AdimAM tathA antamAM nathI te vartamAnakAlamAM paNa nathI ja." A ja umAne sAkAra uktithI purANamAM sarvajJa mahezvaranI sahacAriNuM, tathA sarva bhavasaMtApanA upazama vinA vidyAnI utpatti thatI nathI mATe tene himavAnanI putrI, kalpI che. prathama traNa khaMDamAM nirguNa brahma samajAvyuM. have caturtha khaMDamAM saguNa, upAsya brahma samajAve che. upAsya brahmanAM be svarUpa che. Adhadaivata ane adhyAtma. cetana rUpe rahI jaDajagatane pravartAvanArU mAyika svarUpa te brahmanuM adhivata svarUpa ane prANimAtramAM AtmArUpe bhAsanAra - ' ' O : - - - - - - - -

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kenepaniSa avidyohita svarUpa te brahmanuM adhyAtma svarUpa. A be svarUpanuM dvitIya khaMDamAM "je tAruM svarUpa-tuM-che te tathA je devAmAM che te" ema kahI sUcana karyuM hatuM, tenuM atra vizeSataH nirUpaNa che. A baMne brahmanAM paramArtha svarUpa nathI ema sUcavavA mUlamAM "mA" ( ="jevuM-jANe") pade mUkyuM che. "la " padamAM paNa "mA" upasarga ghaNuM ja aucityavicArapuraHsara lagADa hoya ema jaNAya che. pUrve kahyuM che tema brahmamAM mana vANuM jaI zakatAM nathI, brahma jJAta tathA ajJAta banethI bhinna tathA para che. tethI tenuM " anuzAsana"--che. tadanuM te pramANe zAstrakathana-thaI zakatuM nathI mAtra "Adeza"--saMnidhithI dezanA-thaI zake che. adhidevata svarUpanI upAsanAmAM sAkAra brahmanuM dhyAna, mUrtipUjana ityAdi Ave che. adhyAtma svarUpanI upAsanAnA be prakAra che. eka te e ke bhUtabhAtramAM- mAtra svapicchamAM ja athavA te manuSya mAtramAM ja nahi-brahma che ema samajI upAsanA karavI, prema rAkhavo, tathA bheda buddhi TALavI-ityAdi. bIjo prakAra aSTAMgayoganuM AcaraNa te baMnenuM phala mana sthira karI brahmAkAra karavuM eTaluM ja che. mUrtipUjana brahmane apriya che, tathA "kopa karaze kartA re avihita vidhividhAne " ema mAnanAra, brahmane prAkRta chava samAna lekhI "nAstika mata racanAra" thAya che. brahmane priya zuM? apriya zuM? e te prema, kepa ItyAdi sarva deSothI atIta, nirvizeSa, kevala svarUpa che. "agamya agocara tattva che moTuM, enI tulanA kalanAra ke thakI na karAya" te brahmanuM anupAsyatva kRti vAraMvAra uSa karIne varNave che. aMtaHkaraNa zuddha karI vAsanAne kSaya karavo eTaluM ja upAsanAnuM prayojana che. mekSanuM mukhya sAdhana ane parama dharma te jJAna ja che. paNa jJAnasaMpattimAM upAsanA sAdhanabhUta che mATe ja teno vidhi che. vastutaH kevala brahmamAM upAsanA saMbhavatI nathI. upAsanA vaDe kAI "sRSTa padArtho thakI bhinna" Izvarane prasanna karI AtmAnuM aihika tathA Amumbika kalyANa sAdhavAnuM nathI. Avo svArtha vedAntIne aniSTa che, svArtha vedAntanA vidhithI bahirbhata che. svArtha e ja rAgAdi denu bIja che. svapadArtha ja upAdhi janya ajJAna kalpita saMsArane hetu che. e ja "duITa, durgaMdha, stara" mAyAvilAsa che. mATe svArthane sarvathA tyAga karI, aMtakaraNa zuddha karI, tathA upAdhio dUra karI brahmavidda thaI brahma thavuM, advaita brahma anubhavavuM, e ja parama puruSArtha, e ja mokSa. atra upaniSadanA jJAnathI pApano nAza thaI ananta brahma sAkSAtkAra thAya che ema kahevAne sUkSma

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kenepaniSad 367 abhisaMdhi evA che ke te sAkSAtkAra navAM karma AMdhI AsaktithI puNyA- caraNa karye thatA nathI. pApa puNya baMne zAstriya dRSTithI jotAM vyAvahArika tathA mithyA padArtha siddha thayA che. jIvanuM muktatva svataHsiha chatAM pApanA AvaraNathI te anubhavAtuM nathI, mATe te AvaraNa dUra karavuM eTalA ja puruSArtha che, ane te jJAnasAdhya che. bhagavAna zrIkRSNa bhagavadgItAmAM } arjuna prati kahe che ke " brahmane pApa puNya sAthe kAI paNa prakAranA saMbaMdha nathI. mAtra ajJAnathI jJAna DhaMkAI gayuM che tethI ja prANI mAtrane evA meha thAya che. ''* TUMkAmAM, bhakti e ja dharma ema mAnI bhaktimAM paNa brahmanI nirAkAratA kalpavAnA prayatna karanAra, tathA vastutaH bhinna Izvara manuSya hRdayamAM " antarrIpa " rUpe rahI pApa puNyanI vyavasthA kare che ema mAnanArA, prAcIna tema ja a+cIna padArthatattvavijJAnathI sAze vimukha che--A vAta niHsaMdeha sthira thaI rahe che. [ sudarzana phebruArI 1892 ] I 3 * " nAdatte kasyacit pApaM na caiva sukRtaM vibhuH / ajJAnenAvRtaM jJAnaM tena muhyanti jantavaH 33 ma ii.

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368 pariNAma ane vivarta -- * pariNAma ane vivarta (vicAramALA) 1 "avidyAkalpitanAmarUpalakSaNena rUpabhedena vyAkRtAvyAkUtAtmakena tattvAnyatvAbhyAmanirvacanIyena brahmapariNAmAdisarvavya. vahArAspadatvaM pratipadyate / pAramArthikena ca rUpeNa sarvavyavahArA. tItamapariNatamavatiSThate vAcArambhaNamAtratvAccAvidyAkapitasya nAmarUpabhadasyeti na niravayavatvaM brahmaNaH kupyti|" (resU0 2 2 ra7-rAmirse) artha--avidyA thakI kalpita evAM je nAma ane rUpa e rUpI vyAkRta ane avyAkRta, tathA jene erUpa paNa kahI na zakAya ane jene ethI judA paNa kahI na zakAya evA; rUpabhedane lIdhe brahma pariNAmAdi sarva vyavahAra pAme che, ane pAramArthika rUpe sarva vyavahArathI atIta apariNata rahe che; kAraNa ke avidyA thakI kalpita je nAma ane rUpane bheda e to mAtra vANuthI AraMbhAyeluM che. mATe ethI brahmanA niravayavatvane bAdha AvatuM nathI. atre dhyAnamAM levAnuM ke-(1) avidyArUpa na kahetAM, "avidyAthI kalpita" ema kahyuM che; (2) mAyAne pariNAma na kahetAM, brahmane parisuma kahyo che; (3) e pariNAmathI brahmanA niravayavatvane bAdha Avato nathI, enuM kAraNa ema batAvyuM ke nAma ane rUpa rUpI pariNAma e avidyA thakI kalpita che, arthAta mithyA che. tAtparya ke-(1) brahmane pariNAma bolAya che, paNa (2) e pariNAma miththA hevAthI brahanA nirvikAratvane bAdha Avato nathI. 2 " syAdetat / na vayamanekatvavyavahArasiddhayarthamanekatvasya tArivakatvaM kalpayAmaH kintu zrautamevAsya tAtvikatvamiti vati "kRtAro" ti ririA "nityutta" nA mRdAdidRSTAntena kathaMcitpariNAma unnayo na ca zakya unnetumapi, mRttiketyeva satyamiti kAraNamAtrasatyatvAvadhAraNena kAryasyAnRta. bhAmatI pR0 358

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A - na - -- - - - pariNAma ane vivarta 36 artha-pUrvapakSa thAya ke---ame anekatvavyavahAra siddha karavA mATe anekatvane tAttvika mAnIe chIe ema nathI, paNa anekatva tAvika che ema mRdAdinAM daSTAnta ApanArI kRtithI paNa siddha che. A pUrvapakSane uttara ke "nA." mRdAdinAM daSTAnta uparathI jema tema karI pariNAmanI kalpanA thAya, paNa tema paNa thaI zakatuM nathI, kAraNa ke mRttikA e ja satya che. ema kAraNamAtranA ja satyatvanuM avadhAraNa karyuM che, ane kAryanuM mithyAtva batAvyuM che. dhyAnamAM levAnuM ke -mRdAdiSTAnta sAmAnyataH pUrvapakSanAM dRSTAnta mAnyAM nathI, paNa kAryanA tAttvika-aMzamAM ja e pUrvapakSamAM paDe che. arthAta atre pUrvapakSa ane uttarapakSa kAryanA tAttvikatva ane mithyAtva para che. kAyane sAmAnya niSedha kaI paNa karatuM nathIH eka kahe che e tAttvika che, ane bIjA kahe che ke e mithyA che. tAtparyamAM baMne niSedha mAtramAM paryavasAyI thaI rahe che, tathApi kAryane svIkArI ene "mithyA" kahevAnI paribhASA zAMkaradAnta bahAranI nathI, e jovAnuM che. 3 yadyapi zrutizatAdaikAntikAdvaitapratipAdanaparAt pariNAmo bhAmatI pR0 369 bhAmatI"ne e vAkya upara "kalpatara" nIce pramANe spaSTIkaraNa kare che - " tasmAdavikRtaM brahmeti bhASyaM tadastIti tattvataH iti ca padAdhyAhAreNa vyAcaSTe tasmAditi itarathA hi maayaamyvikaarniSedhe rasa thAta....." kalpatarU tattvataH brahma avikRta che. "tatvataH' ema umeravAnuM kAraNa ke mAyAmaya (arthAta mithyA) vikArane niSedha kare to jagata-sarga ja na bane." "brahma avikRta che," e vAkyamAM ja "tattvataH' zabda umeryo che, ethI e paNa spaSTa che ke mithyA vikRtatva brahmanuM ja atre kabUla karavAmAM AvyuM che. ane e ja batAvavAne kalpatarukArane paNa atre yatna che. eTale mAyAmaya vikAra" e zabdane "bhAyAnA ja pariNAmabhUta vikAra" ema artha saMbhavate nathI vaLI A sthaLe "jagatasarga" kalpatakArane mAyAne abhipreta nathI paNa brahmane abhipreta che, e kalpatarukAranA "mAyAmi phAiTa jarA " ityAdi pachInA zabdothI spaSTa che. . ja A AkhA praznanI "gAtmaka pariNAmata" e sUtra nIce 47 -

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390 pariNAma ane vivarta brhmvidyaabhrnnn|| sil zrImat bhaitAna-he sArI yA rI cha. prata prazna upara e sAruM ajavALuM nAkhI zake ema che - vikAraH pariNAmaH anyathAbhAva ityanarthAntaram / brahma ca 'asthUlamanaNvi'tyAdizrutivAkyaiH 'kUTasthAcalaM dhruva' mityAdi smRtivacanaizca sarvavikAravarjitamavagamyate / ataH kathaM pariNAmAdityucyate / kecidAhuH-sRSTivAkyaparyAlocanayA Atmana upaadaantvmvgmyte| upAdAnatvaM cApRthaksiyA vikArAzrayatvam / nirvikAratvaM ca zrutiSvAmnAyate / ata ubhayavirodhaparihArAya sRSTivAkyeSvAtmAdipadAnAM mAyAvyaktAjAdipadaiH pratipAditA yA daivI zaktiH tadviziSTezvaraparatvamupeyate / tathA ca vikAritvAkhyamupAdAnatvamavyaktarUpavizeSaNAMza eva prynsyti| vizeSyabhUtasyAsmano nirvikAratvapratipAdanena tadaMze bAdhAditi / taistu pAcoyukyantareNa sezvarasAyapakSa eva vyavasthApito bhavati / prakRtyaMzasyaivaupAdAnatvopagamAt / api ca sRSTayAdivAkyeSvAtmabrahmAdi-, padAnAM prakRtyA viziSTalakSaNApi na nyaayyaa| kathaM ca 'satyaM jJAnamanantaM braho ti vizuddhAtmAnaM prastutyAmnAte tasmAdvA etasmAdAtmanaH AkAzaH sambhUta' ityAdau prakRtiviziSTAtmalakSaNA lakSite'pi viziSTAtmani paJcamyarthasyopAdAnatvasya vizeSyAMze svarasato'nvitasya vizeSaNAMzaparyavasAnakalpanamapi na svarasam / tasmAnneyakalpanA zrutisvArasyAnurodhinI / anye tu yathA prakRterupAdAnatvam, evamAtmano'pyupAdAnatvam / ubhayopAdAnatvasya zrutisiddhatvAt / paraMtu Atmano vikArAzrayatvaM paramparayA, prakRtiH sAkSAdeva cikaarinnii| AtmA tu vikriyamANaprakRtyAzrayatayA vikaarii| tathA ca zrutiH'mAyAM tu prakRti vidyAnmAyinaM tu mahezvaramiti / na ca tathA sati paramAtmana upAdAnatvaM na syAditi vAcyam / nahyapRthaksiyA vikArAzrayatvama upAdAnatvamityatra sAkSAtsambandhena vikArAzrayatvaM vivakSitam yena paramparayA vikArAzrayasyopAdAnatvaM na syAt / gauraveNa sAkSAtvasyAnivezAtAnirvikAratvazatistu sAkSAdvikAritvaM niSedhati / ato nobhayavacanavirodha iti / evaM hi 'Atmana AkAzaH sambhUta' ityAdi vacanAnAM svArasya parityaktameva syAt / utsargataH sAkSAt sambandha eva hi tatra pratIyate / na cautsagikasya tasya 'mAyAM tu prakRti vidyAnmAyinaM tu mahezvaramiti vacanAnu

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pariNAma ane vivarta 371 sAreNa mAyAdvArakatvamAstheyamiti vAcyam / na hi tatropAdAnatvaM mAyAdvArakamityavagamyate, apitu prakRtimAyAzrayatvamAtram / tatazca pratijJAdhanurodhAdupAdAnatvaM 'mAtvi'ti zutyanurodhAt prakRtyAzrayatvaM cetyastu, na tupAdAnatvamapi paramparayAzrayaNIyam / na ca nirvikAratvazrutyanusAreNa utsargataH prApta sAkSAtvaM parityajyata iti vAcyam / zrutidvayasvArasyAnurodhena vikaarmithyaatvklpnopptteH| api ca zrutipratipAditayorvikAritvanirvikAratvayoH zrutyAdhanusAreNaiva virodhaparihArasambhave nazrutyasvArasyApAdakaM kiJcita svayaM kalpanIyam / zrutizca vikAramithyAtvaM pratipAdayati vAcArambhaNamityAdhA, evaMpurANamapi-'jJAnasvarUpamatyantanirmale prmaarthtH| tamevArthasvarUpeNa bhrAntidarzanataH sthitm|' ityaadinaa| tatazca vikArasya mithyAtvAt na svAbhAvikanirSikAratvavirodhitetyeva zrutismRtyanuyAyibhiH parihAra aastheyH|"- (brahmavidyAbharaNa) artha-vikAra, pariNAma, anyathAbhAva" e sarva eka arthavAcaka che. braha"achUtramANu" ityAdi zrutivAkayothI ane "rathamavarka dhruvana" ityAdi smRtivAkayethI sarvavikArarahita che ema samajAya che tyAre brahmAne pariNAma kema kahe che ? AnA javAbamAM- (1) keTalAka kahe che ke-sRSTivAka tapAsamAM bahAnu upAdAnatva samajAya che. apRthasidie karI vikAranA Azraya hevuM enuM nAma upAdAna.' ane zrutimAM te nirvikAratvanuM pratipAdana che. (A virodha thayo.) mATe A baMnenA virodhane parihAra karavA sArU, suSTivAkayamAM AtmA-brahma Adi padene artha, mAyA, "avyakta" "ajA-Adi zabdavAcya je daivI zakti tadiziSTa Izvara karavAmAM Ave che. Ama hovAthI vikAritvarU5 upAdAnatva avyaktarUpI vizeSaNamAM ja paryavase che, ane vizeSyabhUta je brahma enuM zruti nirvikAratva pratipAdana kare che, tethI vizeSyAMzamAM ene (vikAritvarUpa upAdAnatvane) bAdha thAya che. Ama kahenArAo bIjA zabdomAM sedhara sAMkhya pakSa ja sthApe che kAraNa, teo paNa prakRtyezamAM ja upAdAnatva mAne che. vaLI, sUyAdi vAkyamAM AtmA-brahma Adi padenI (upara batAvelI rIte prakRtithI viziSTa (IzvaramAM) lakSaNa karavI paNa barAbara nathI, "valya jJAnamanta cai" ema vizuddha brahma (Izvara nahi, paNa brahma) viSe vAta zarU karI "tamaia patarAmina ' AvA saMmataH" "te A vizuddha AtmAmAMthI

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372 pariNAma ane viva AkAza utpanna thayuM" ema jyAM kahevAya che, tyAM prakRti viziSTa AtmA (Izvara)mAM lakSaNA karavI krama yeAgya gaNAya ? prakRtiviziSTa AtmA lakSaNu thAya che ema mAneA tApaNu "-mAMthI" e pacamInA arthe je upAdAnatva ene vizeSyAMza ( vizuddha AtmA, brahma)mAM svarasataH anvaya thAya che, ane enI vizeSAMza (prakRti, mAyA)mAM pavasAnakalpanA parANe thaI zake che. mATe A kalpanA zrutinA svArasyane anukUla nathI.. (2) bIjA kahe che ke--jema prakRti upAdAna che ema brahma paNa upAdAna che. kAraNake baMnenuM upAdAnatva zrutithakI siddha che. parantu phera eTaleA che ke brahma para parAsaMbandhe vikArAzraya che, ane prakRti sAkSAt vikAravALI che. brahma vikriyamANuprakRtinA Azraya tarIke vikArI che. A pramANe zruti cheH--" mAryA tu prakRtti vidyAnnAcina 3 mahezvaram " Ama che te pachI paramAtmAmAM upAdAnatva anatuM nathI ema na kahezeA. kAraNa ke apRthasiddhayA vikArAzrayatva te upAdAnatva, eTaluM jaupAdAnanuM lakSaNa che: vikArAzrayatva sAkSAt saMbandhe karIne hevuM joIe ema vivakSita nathI, ke jethI para'parAsambandhe je vikArAzraya haiAya ene upAdAna mAnavAmAM aDacaNa Ave. upAdAnanA lakSaNamAM 'sAkSAt saMbaMdha' mUkayA nathI, kAraNu tema karavAthI gaurava thAya che. nirvikAratvanuM pratipAdana karanArI zrRti sAkSAt vikAritvanA niSedha kare che. mATe A me (sarvikAra--ane nirvikAra--pratipAdaka) vacanAnA virAdha thatA nathI. A pramANe letAM srAramana AjAzaH saMmUtaH ' ityAdi vacananuM svArasya tyajavuM paDe che--kAraNa ke sAmAnya niyama pramANe, 'AkAza brahmamAMthI utpanna thayuM' e vAkayanA artha sAkSAt sambandha karI AkAza brahmamAMthI utpanna thayuM ema ja samajAya che. tame kaheze ke sAmAnya niyama evA ( sAkSAt saMbadha levAnA) kharA, paNa 'mAyAM tu praznatti vicAmAcinaM tu maddezvaram' e vacanAnusAre brahmanuM mAyAdvArA upAdAnatva svIkAravuM joi e. parantu enA javAbamAM kahevAnu ke A vacanamAM brahmanuM mAyAdvArA upAdAnatva pratipAdana thatuM nathI, paNa brahma prakRtibhUta mAyAne Azraya che ema pratipAdana thAyache. mATe eka jANuvAthI sarva jaNAya' ityAdi pratijJAne anusarI (sAkSAta) upAdAnatva mAnavuM ane 'mAyAM tu' ityAdi vacanane laI prakR tyAzrayatva mAnavuM. upAdAnatva paNa para'parAsabandhe karIne svIkAravuM ema nahiM. 66 ,, (3) nirvikAratvapratipAdaka zruti che eTalA mATe sAmAnya niyama pramANe 'vizuddha brahmamAMthI AkAza sAkSAta utpanna thayuM ' ema je pUrvIkata >

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pariNAma ane vivarta 373 zrutinA artha thAya che e tyajavAnA nathI. kAraNa ke baMne (savikAratva ane nirvikAratva-pratipAdaka) zrutinA tApane vaLagI rahI vikArane mithyA gaNIne samAdhAna thaI zake che. khIjAM zrutimAM vikArItva ane nirvikAratva baMnenuM pratipAdana thAya che, e baMnenA virAdhane parihAra yutine anusarIne thaI zake che, teA pachI zrutinu asvArasya pedA kare evuM kAMIka svayaM kalpI levuM na joI e.-vAvAra.naM vijhAro nAmatheya mUttiyeya satyam'--yAdi zruti vikAranuM mithyAtva pratipAdana kare cheH e ja pramANe purANavAkya paNa che.....mATe vikAra mithyA heAvAthI svAbhAvika nirvikAratAne khAdha AvatA nathI--A ja parihAra zrutismRtine anusaranArAoe svIkAravA joI e. ,, " vyavasthite'smin pariNAmavAde svayaM samAyAti vivartavAdaH (sarvajJamuni, sa, zA) 99 aH--pariNAmavAda sthApita thayA eTale emAMthI vivartavAda svayaM nIkaLI Ave che. tAtparya ke--pariNAmavAda zAMkaravaidyAntane aniSTa nathI. mAtra ene logical--sayutiH--karavAthI emAMthI vivartavAda svayaM nIkaLI Ave che, A rIteH--nirvikAra brahmamAM pariNAma zI rIte Te? mATe pariNAma mithyA che. mithyA che eTale nirvikAratvane khAdha Avato nathI. vyavasthita' zabdanA arthamAM kAMI paNa saMdeha jevu rahetu heAya te| e kalpataru parimalakAranA 'pratti chete'mina vRgiAmavAre svayaM samAyAti vivartavAlaH e pAThathI nIkaLI jaze. 'pratiSTita' eTale TharelA, jAmele. 6 " na kevalazrotAdvaya pratyAsattyA pariNAmavAdAbhyupagamaH kiMtu tena vinA ziSyaM prati zuddhAdvayopapAdanAsaMbhavAdapi so'bhyupeta. / nanu mumukSoH pariNAmAdidhiyaM vinA zuddhabrahmasAkSAtkAraH kathaM na bhavet na hi viruddhayorhetuhetumadbhAvo'stItyAzaGkayAha / prathamasRSTayAdivAkyasamanvayAlocanena brahmaiva prapaJcopAdAnaM mUvi ghaTacaityavAti ........... 1 atha tadanantaramArambhaNAdhikaraNanyAyena niSedhavAkyatAtparyAlocanena sRSTivAkyArtho vivarta ityavagacchati pUrvabuddhi vinA brahmaNi prapaJcasya vivartatvanizcayAsambhavAt / yatra yadavagataM tatraiva tanniSedhe tasya mithyAtvanivayena tasya vivartatvaM nizcIyeteti brahmaNi prapaJcAsaJjakapariNAmadhIrapekSitaiya. ................. ataH pariNAmAdidhiyo'pyasti sAkSAtkAra upayoga ityarthaH //

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374 pariNAma ane vivA bhAvArtha-pariNAmavAda pratipratipAdita advaitanI samIpa che mATe ene svIkAra karavAmAM AvyuM che ema nathI, paNa enA vinA ziSya prati kevala advaitanuM upapAdana ja saMbhavatuM nathI mATe ene svIkAryo che. A hAme zaMkA thaze ke mumukSane pariNAmabuddhi vinA kevala brahmane sAkSAtkAra ja thaI zake nahi ema kahevAya ? ulaTuM pariNAmabuddhi ane atabuddhi e be paraspara viruddha che. e mATe e be vacce hetuhetumabhAva ja banI zake nahi. A zaMkAnA uttaramAM kahe che ke - prathamasRSTivAkyanA samanvayanuM Alocana karIne brahma ja prapaMcanuM upAdAna (pariNAmI) kAraNa che--jema mRttikA ghaTatuM upAdAnakAraNa che- ema samaje che. pachI "AraMbhaNa"--Adi adhikaraNa karIne, niSedhavAkyanA tAtparyanuM Alocana karIne, sRSTivAkyothe vivarta che ema samaje che. kAraNa ke-prathama-(pariNAma--buddhi vinA, brahmamAM prapaMca vivartarUpa che ema nizcaya thaI zakatuM nathI. jyAM je samajAyuM hoya tyAM ja tene niSedha karavAthI enuM mithyAtva nakakI thAya che. mATe brahmamAM prapaMca lAgu karanAra pariNAma buddhi apekSita che... mATe pariNAmabuddhine paNa sAkSAtkAramAM upayoga che. uparanA sarva UtArA uparathI brahanA savikAratva ane nivikAratvane avirodha zAMkara vedAnamAM kevI rIte karavAmAM Ave che e samajAze. zAMkara vedAntamAM brahmane ja pariNAma mAnyuM che, ane mAyAne pariNAmI nathI mAnI ema kahevAnuM tAtparya nathI. ulaTuM keTalAka granthamAM brahmane vivartakAraNa mAnyuM che ane mAtra mAyAne ja pariNamI kAraNa mAnI che. paNa zAMkara vedAntanA badhA grantha joIe chIe, tyAre jaNAya che ke mAyAne upAdAna mAnavAno siddhAnta sarva saMmata nathI emAM judI judI rItine samanvaya-avirodha karI zakAya ema che. paNa atre te eTaluM ja batAvavAnuM hatuM ke amuka rIti ja zAMkaradAnanI che, ane amuka nathI. ema Agraha karavo vAjabI nathIH evo Agraha matanI vividha tAnA jJAnane abhAve ja udbhave che. ane e sarvane zAMkara vedAntanI avAntara zAkhA tarIke gaNAvavAne hakka che. [ sudarzana ogasTa-sapTembara, 1920] - - - - - - - - - - * jI-ampayadIkSitanA siddhAntalezamAM ApelA manabheda,

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zAMkara siddhAnta ane vega 375 zAMkara siddhAnta ane cAga [ saMvata 1968 nI karajayantIne prasaMge siddhapura ane amadAvAdamAM meM ApelA vyAkhyAnanA eka agatyanA muddA upara rA. rA. nhAnAlAla vi. devazaMkara vaidya nAmanA kaccha-muMdarAnA eka gRhasthe keTalAMka vacano TAMkIne zaMkA uThAvI hatI. tenuM A lekhamAM samAdhAna che. "aSTAMgayogane zAMkarasiddhAntamAM spaSTa niSedha che ema kahevAmAM mAtra haThaga ja mane vivikSita hato. ane vaido TAMkelAM ghaNuM kharAM vacane mAtra dhyAnayogane ja lAgu paDe che. e saMbandhI vizeSa khulAso A lekhamAM che.] khulAso (1) zAMkara siddhAntamAM brahmajJAnanA sAdhana tarIke A (prANAyAmAdi aSTAMga) vegane spaSTa niSedha che enuM prathama pramANa-zrIzaMkarAcAryane svatanna grantha "aparokSAnubhUti." aSTAMgayoga be rIte AcarI zakAya rAjayoganI rItie ane haThayoganI rItie. temAM rAjayoganI rItie ene svIkAravAmAM zaMkarAcAryane vAMdho nathI. balake e rAjayeganuM ja pUrvokta granthamAM nirUpaNa che. mArA bhASaNamAM je aSTAMgayogane zAMkarasiddhAntamAMthI meM niSedha karyo che, te haThAganI rItanA aSTAMgayogane ja-kAraNa ke e arthamAM ja AjakAla yoganA himAyatIo e samaje che ane Acare che. zaMkarAcArya paNa e ja kAraNathI aSTa aMgane badale paMcadaza aMga kalpI aSTAMgayoganAM keTalAMka aMgene judA ja arthamAM-pitAne anukUla arthamAM-nirUpyAM cheH "yamo hi niyamastthAgo maunaM dezazca kaaltaa| AsanaM mUlabaMdhazca dehasAmyaM ca sthitiH|| prANasaMyamanaM caiva pratyAhArazca dhaarnnaa| AtmadhyAnaM samAdhizca proktAnyaMgAni vai kramAt / " A bhASaNamAM A vAtano ullekha amuka prasaMgamAMthI Upajyo hato. amadAvAdamAM zaMkarajayantIne prasaMge huM bolyo tene pahele ja dahADe amadAvAdamAM mAre eka dakSiNa gRhastha yogIne samAgama thayo hato. e yogIe haThayoganI ghaNI abhuta kriyAo di. ba. aMbAlAlabhAI vagere eka mitramaMDaLa AgaLa karI dekhADI-A kriyAo jeIne amane saune ghaNuM sAnanda Azcarya

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376 zAMkara siddhAnta ane yoga ema paMdara aMge gaNavI darekanuM svarUpa batAve che. temAM "hiM jJAnakathI rajA je ghar jAta ! sA dRSTiH paramodArA na nAsAgrAvalokinI // dRSTidarzanazyAnAM virAmo yatra vA bhavet / dRSTistava kartavyA na naalaagraavlokinii||" ema be vAra jorathI "nAsAgrAvalokinI" daSTine niSedha karIne "prAthars' nuM lakSaNa kahe che? " cittAdisarvabhAveSu brahmatvenaiva bhAvanAt / nirodhaH vRttanAM pravAH ca che" AthI zaMkarAcAryane kevo "prANAyAma" ISTa che e jANavAmAM Avaze. tyAra pachInA kamAM haThayoganA "pUraka" ane "kuMbhaka" ne badale pitAne mate kharA "pUraka" ane "kuMbhaka" te kayA e batAve che " niSedhanaM prapaMcasya recakAkhyaH smiirnnH| brahmaivAsmIti yA vRttiH pUrako vAyurIritaH // tatastadRttinairmalyaM kuMbhakaH praannsNymH| ayaM cApi prabuddhAnAmajJAnAM ghrANapIDanam // " Ama saLaMga nI saMgati jotAM spaSTa jaNAze ke zaMkarAcAryane uddeza A chellI paMktimAM ane mATe jJAna -nAka dabAvavAno vidhi karavAnuM nathI, paNa nindAmukhe niSedha karavAnuM che. atre "jJAnAM gharthayuM. temAM ane khAsa karIne, e yogInuM anupama tadurastIthI zobhatuM suMdara zarIra joI evo Ananda thayo ke je mane koI koI vAra suMdara uSaHkALa joIne thaye haze. paNa pachIthI e maDaLamAM eka gRhastha jANe e kriyAethI brahmasAkSAtkAra thato hoya evI mAnyatA darzAvI, tyAre mAre A saMbaMdhI zAMkara siddhAnta ze che e viSe IzAro karavo paDe. amArA maMDaLamAM eka vidvAna dAktara hAjara hatA te paNa A yogInI kriyAthI AnaMda pAmyA, paNa emaNe amane saune jaNAvyuM ke je kriyAo vaDe yogIe pitAnuM zarIra aMdarathI dhoI batAvyuM te ochA zramathI karavA mATe have keTalAMka dAktarI ojAra banAvavAmAM AvyAM che. bIje dahADe zaMkarajayantI vakhate mAre zAMkarasidhAnta saMbandhI bolavuM prApta thayuM tyAre meM A yoganA projana saMbaMdhI lokane bhrama dUra karavA mATe keTaluMka kahyuM. "aSTAMgayogathI mane zuM vivakSita hatuM te ATalA khulAsAthI jANavAmAM Avaze.

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* zAMkara siddhAnta ane yoga 37 kinA" =ALa vArtavya" evo vidhirUpa zabdadha thata nathI; paNa "sAna ghAlana"="je zrApa zutti sAra tathA zALA 4 varta " ema niSedharUpa zabdadha che. zuM zaMkarAcArya ApaNane ajJa jANuM nAka dabAvyA karavAnuM kahe che? ema heya te ApaNe ajJAnamAMthI kadI paNa udhAra na thAya. e te ApaNe uddhAra Icche che, ane tethI ajJo je kriyAo karatA hoya te cheDI jJAnane anukUla thAya evAM sAdhane levAnuM upadeze che. e sAdhane kyAM te pote zArIraka bhASya"nA AraMbhamAM ane aneka bIje sthaLe batAvyAM che e sarva sAdhanA-nityAnityavastuvivekAdika evAM che ke jemAM brahmajJAnane anukUla thavAnuM sAmarthya che. emAM haThagane kaI paNa sthaLe vidhi nathI. e sAdhananA ApaNe adhikArI nathI ema tame kahezo? e sAdhanamAM evuM karyuM che ke je AcaravAne ApaNe thoDe ghaNe paNa AraMbha na karI zakIe? ane e AraMbha karavA mATe haThaganI zI AvazyakatA che e huM joI zako nathI. cittanI ekAgratA karavI vagere bAbato bezaka jarUranI che, paNa ene haThAgamAM antabhava karavAnI AvazyakatA nathI. ajJa"ne adhikArivizeSa tarIke mUkavAmAM Ave che e bhUla che. ajJAvasthA te hamezAM pheDavAnI sthiti che, ane te pheDavA mATe je sAdhana anukUla thAya te ane te ja AcaravA ajJane adhikAra che--tAtparya ke ajJane jJAna tarapha prayANa karavAne adhikAra che, ane ajJAnane adhikAra nathI. A ajJAna haThAgathI na phelAya ? zaMkarAcAryanA siddhAntamAM vivekAdikane ja jJAnanAM sAdhana mAnyAM che e jotAM emanA siddhAnta pramANe te te na ja keDAya. | (2) have rA. vai-"gfma Adi chevaTanA zlokamAMthI traNa paMkita TAMkI che temAM cothI TAMkavI mUkI dIdhI che te UmerI laI cAre paMktine nIce artha karI batAvuM chuM " ebhiraMgaiH samAyukto rAjayoga udaahRtH| kiMcit pakkakaSAyANAM haThayogena saMyutaH // paripakkaM mano yeSAM kevalo'yaM ca siddhidH| gurudaivatabhaktAnAM sarveSAM sulabho javAt // " ema be ka che. temAM pahelI paMktimAM AkhA prakaraNanA viSayanI

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378 - zAMkara siddhAnta ane vega (rAganI) samApti karI, pachInI traNa paMkitamAM rAgano upayoga batAve che. te nIce pramANe - (1) prathama te jeo apAvakapAya (rAgAdi deva jenA thoDAka ja pAkelA-gaNelA, kSINa thaelA-che) hoI sAmAnya paddhatine anusarI haThayoga Acare che temane mATe kahe che ke teoe haThayoga sAthe A rAjavegane jeDa-dhyAnamAM rAkhavuM ke atre rAjagamAM haThagane joDavAno vidhi karyo nathI, paNa havegamAM--ene anuvAda mAtra karIne- rAga joDavAnI vidhi karyo che. tAtparya ke jeo apakavikapAya heIema samajatA hoya ke haga AcaravAthI emanA kapAya pakava thaze teone bodha kare che ke haThayogamAM paNa rAjoga joDAze te ja kapAya pakva thaze-kAraNa ke rAgamAM ja ene pakavavAnuM kharuM sAmarthya raheluM che. (2) jeonA kavAya pAkI gaelA che temane te A rAjayoga eka paNa siddhi (brahmasAkSAtkAra) pamADI zake che. (3) ane e Acare kaThaNa heI, pahelAM haThayogathI kavAya pakavavA joIe ema keInuM kahevuM hoya-te tenA javAbamAM kahe che ke padmakathAya ane apakvakapAya sarva keAI mAtra guru ane devatAnI bhaktithI, sahelAIthI ane jhaDapathI rAjaga prApta karI zake che. je apavakapAya mATe haThayoganI AvazyakatA hoya te Ama "ravAma" =sarva kene mATe e pada nirarthaka thaI jAya. Ama traNa rIte rAjagano upayoga che--ane enA pUrvaraMgamAM paNa haThayoganI jarUra nathI, mAtra guru ane devanI bhakti ja joIe ema tAtparya che. dareka mahAna AcArya potAnI pUrvethI cAlatI AvatI dhArmika rIte ekadama pheravI zakato nathI-paNa jeTalIne e turata UkheDIne pheMkI detA nathI teTalI sarva ene saMmata hoya che ema nahi. enA zro uttarottara goThavIne tapAsatAM-granthakAranuM sukha kaI dizAmAM che e samajAya che. mImAMsAnI paribhASAmAM bolIe te granthakAranA vidhione anuvAda mAtrathI chUTA pADIne oLakhavA joie--ema thAya tyAre ja saMskRta TIkAkAro jene candhakArano svarasa" athavA "svArasya" kahe che te pakaDAI Ave che. ane je matamAM granthakAranuM svArasya hoya te ja ene siddhAnta kare che. tame pUcho ke tyAre zaMkarAcArya "jinita pAyA" e paMkita lakhI ja kema? e paMkitanuM kharU tAtparya zuM che e te huM samajavI gayo paNa e lakhI kema ene khulAso ApuM chuM - mAM dilathI kahevAtI AvI

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* zAMkara siddhAnta ane vega 3% zaMkarAcArya dareka vastune evI saMpUrNa rIte samajatA hatA ke keTalAka haThayoga karatAM karatAM cittanI ekAgratA pAmI jAya che e vAta emanI jANa bahAra nahotI. paNa haThAga e khare mArga nathI, ane tethI evA lokone priya thaI paDelA haThAga sAthe rAjaga jevAne emane upadeza kare che-evI samajaNathI ke te dahADe rAjaga haThayogane enI meLe haThAvI. deze. udA. dareka zikSaka sArI peThe jANe che ke keTalIkavAra gekhaNapaTTIthI paNa keTalAka vidyArthI potAnuM kAma karI le che, ane e Teva emanI evI sudaDha hoya che ke emane ekadama e choDI de kahevAthI chUTatI nathI. tethI prathama emane e viSaya samajIne gekho ema upadeza devAmAM Ave che-paNa ekavAra emane samajaNane mahimA samajAya che ke turata gekhaNapaTTI enI meLe khazI jAya che. AthI zuM ema samajavAnuM che ke gokhaNapaTTIne zikSake lezabhAra paNa anumodana Ape che? emAM upadezanuM tAtparya "samajI padamAM che, "gekho' padamAM nathI. (3) zaMkarAcAryane rAjagamAM ja "svarasa' hatuM e A "aparakSAnubhUti" uparAMta bIjA ghaNA granthothI jaNAya che. zrImadabhagavaddagItA uparanA bhASyamAM rA. vaghe ullekhelA "pAna vA" vALA zlokanI nIce lakhatAM zaMkarAcArya "theDhA sthAno parAjasthAnanA virata yAti" vagere kaheluM che temA "satta' zabda lakSamAM rAkhavAne che-enuM tAtparya, haThayoga ke je samyagdarzananuM antaraMga sAdhana thaI zakatuM ja nathI tene A dhyAnayogathI 'vyavaccheda karavAnuM che. AgaLa jatAM- "samaM kAyazirogrIvaM dhArayannacalaM sthirH| saMprekSya nAsikAgraM svaM dizathAnavalokayan // " bha. gI.* e zlokanA bhASyamAM pote kahe che - "svaM nAsikAgraM saMprekSya samyakprekSaNaM darzanaM kRtvevetIvazadvo lupto draSTavyaH / na hi svanAsikAyasaM prekSaNamiha vidhitsitaM ki eTaluM dhyAnamAM rAkhavuM ke prAcIna granthAmAM haThayogane vidhi che ke nahi e prazna nathI; zaMkarAcArya haThAgane niSedhIne rAjayogane vidhi kare che ke kema e ja prazna che. ane spaSTa rIte haThayoganA vidhivALAM prAcIna vAkaye paNa rAjagamAM jyAre e ghaTA, tyAre emanu svArasya haThAganI viruddha che ema jhINuM dRSTie jotA jaNAyA vinA rahetuM nathI.

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360 zAMkara siddhAnta ane vega tarhi cakSuSohaSTisaMnipAtaH / sa cAntaHkaraNasamAdhAnApekSo vivkssitH|, svanAsikAyasaprekSaNameva cedvivakSitaM manastatraiva samAdhIyeta . naa''tmni|" tAtparya ke-nAkanI dAMDIe AMkha TheravavAthI phaLa nathI; nAkanI dAMDIe AMkha TheravavI eTale ke viSayamAMthI netra kheMcI levAM- (" dRSTisaMnipAto dRSTezcakSuSo rUpAdiviSayavRttirAhityamA... bAhyAdviSayavaimukhyenAntareva saMnipatanam" ). te mATe antaHkaraNanA samAdhAnanI jarUra che. arthAta DoLe bhIcavAthI phaLa nathI---antaHkaraNanuM AtmAmAM samAdhAna-samyaga AdhAna-karavuM joIe. A antaraMga dhyAna yoganI arthAta rAjayoganI prakriyA che. je janathI mana ekadama kabaje na laI zakAya tene mATe AgaLa jatAM ke adhyAya 26 mA lekanA bhASyamAM kahe che ke - "svabhAvadoSAnmanazcaJcalamatyarthaM calamata evAsthiraM tatastatastasmAttasmAcchadAdenimittAniyamya tattannimitaM yAthAtmyanirUpa. NenA''bhAsIkRtya vairAgyabhAvanayA caitanmana Atmanyeva vazaM nayedAtmavazyatAmApAdayet" tAtparya ke mana vaza karavA mATe paNa haThAgane prayoga nahi paNa rAjayogane prayoga-vairAgyabhAvanA karavAnI che. (4) ra. vaidya kRtio vagerenA bIjA je UtAra ApyA che tenI uttara 9 zayAnA / zammA ("etena yogaH pratyuktaH"---ye sUtranA mAdhyamAMthA ) bhApIza:___ "yattu darzanamuktaM tatkAraNaM sAGkhyayogAbhipannamiti vaidikameva tatra jJAnaM dhyAnazca sAGkhyayogazabdAbhyAmabhilapyete pratyAsaterityavagantavyaM, yena tvaMzena na virudhyate teneSTameva sAGkhyayogasmRtyoH sAvakAzatvaM tadyathA'saGgo hyayaM SuruSa ityevamAdizruti-' prasiddhameva puruSasya vizuddhatvaM nirguNapuruSanirUpaNena sAMkhyairabhyupagamyate / tathAca yogairapi "atha parivrAT vivarNavAsA muNDo' * A sarva nirUpaNa dhyAnamAM rAkhIne ja madhusUdanasarasvatIe kahyuM che ke "ata eva bhagavatpUjyapAdAH kutrApi brahmavidAM yogApekSAM na vyutpAdayAvabhUvuH" (sUmo pR. 578)

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zAkara siddhAnta ane yoga parigrahaH' ityevamAdizrutiprasiddhameva nivRttiniSThatvaM pravajyAdyupade ane dhyAnamAM rAkhavuM ke AsanAdika yogamArganI samarthaka bIjI zrutie pUrvapakSInA mukhamAM zaMkarAcArye mUkI hatI-paNa uttarapakSa karatI vakhate yogIonI kRtimAMthI mukhya saMnyAsasamarthaka zrutine ja pasaMda karI lIdhI che--e emanuM svArasya zemAM che e batAve che. ane jemAM svArasya te ja siddhAnta, ethI ja meM zAMkara siddhAntamAM amuka che ane amuka nathI ema "siddhAnta" zabda vAparIne vAta karI che. vaLI, zaMkarAcAryanuM A svArasya mAtra anumAnathI ja samajavAnuM rahetuM nathI. caturthadhyAya prathamapAdanA sAtamA sUtra (saraH saMmavAta') mAM Asana besavuM) saMbandhI vicAra karyo che-tyAM zaMkarAcArya lakhe che ke___"krmaanggsmbndhissu tAvadupAsaneSu karmatantratvAnnAsanAdicintA nApi samyagdarzane vastutantratvAt jJAnasya / " arthAta, kAgane lagatI je upAsanA che temAM te AsanAdikane vicAra karavAnuM nathI kAraNa ke e upAsanAo te karmane AdhIna hovAthI - karmamAM besavAno ke UbhA rahevAne vagere je vidhi batAvyo hoya te pramANe karavAnuM che. temaja samyagadarzana-jJAna mATe paNa Asana saMbandhI vicAra prApta thatI nathI, kAraNake jJAna vastu (yathAsthita satya) upara AdhAra rAkhe che. paNa bIjI upAsanAo-je upAsanA hAIsamyagadarzanarUpa nathI, tema ja je karmanA aMganI nathI--tene mATe ja Asana jarUranuM che ke kema e vicAra prApta thAya che. ane tethI Asana (besavuM) jarUranuM che evo siddhAnta bAMge che te zaMkarAcAryanA matamAM A jAtanI upAsanAne ja lAgu paDe che. rAmAnujAcArya upAsanA dhyAna jJAna sarva eka arthamAM laI sarvane mATe AsananI jarUra mAne che te zaMkarAcAryane abhimata nathI. pachI amuka digadezakAlAdika jarUranAM che ke kema e vicAra zarU thAya : che. temAM upara kahIM tevI upAsanA mATe je ekAgratA joIe, te jyAM sahe lAIthI banI zake tevA didezakAlAdikanI bhalAmaNa kare che. evArA dizi deze kAle vA manasaH saukayeNaikAgratA bhavati ttraivopAta"- Ama taddana rAjayoganuM samarthana karyuM che. granthanA A bhAgamAM brahmajJAnanA sAdhanane vicAra karavAmAM Avyo che, paraMtu temAM koI

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382 zAMkara siddhAnta ane ga paNa sthaLe sUtramAM ke zAMkarabhASyamAM haThayogane bilakula IsA nathI. haThAga je sUtrakArane ke zaMkarAcAryane ISTa heta te tene vidhi karavAnuM A ja sthAna hatuM. [pI zaMkApatramAM TAMkelAM Anandagiri, zaMkarAnandasvAmI, vidyAyamuni e sarvanAM vAkayone huM rAjagane lAgu paDatAM mAnuM chuM, ane A rIte zAMkara siddhAnta sAthe enI ekavAkyatA karuM chuM. "zAMkarasiddhAntanAM parama rahasyane jANavAmAM jemaNe pitAnuM AkhuM jIvana samapyuM hatuM, jemanI buddhi AjanAM aneka AvaraNothI rahita nirvikAra nizcala acaLa hatI, jeo kevaLa nisvArthI, tatvaniSTha hatA temanA e adhyayAyaparanA vicAre jotAM zrI zaMkare aSTAMgayogane spaSTa niSedha kIdho che evuM nIkaLatuM nathI." je TIkAkArenI A vAkyamAM stuti karavAmAM AvI che teone e stuti yathArtha rIte lAgu paDe che e huM kabUla karuM chuM. ane emanA karatAM huM adhika mAnane pAtra chuM ema sUcavavAnI mArAmAM IzvarakRpAe hajI dhRSTatA AvI nathI. paNa zAMkaradAntano ItihAsa lakSamAM rAkhavAnI ApaNane je anukULatA prApta thaI che tene lAbha leIne vicAra karatAM mane lAge che ke zAMkara siddhAnta ane zAMkara vedAnta e sarvathA eka nathI. sarvathA eka heta to appayadIkSitanA "siddhAntaleza"mAM je anekAneka zAMkara vedAnta saMbandhI matamatAntare noMdhyAM che, te neMdhAyAM na hota, dareka mahApuruSanI kRti bahu arthagarbha hoya che-temAMthI enA anuyAyIo pitapatAnA samayanI, pitAnA anubhavanI, ane pitAnA mAnasika bandhAraNanI khAsiyata pramANe judAM judAM siddhAntasvarUpa UpajAve che. emAMnAM keTalAMka dezakALanI jarUriyAta joI jANuM bujIne nakkI karavAmAM Ave che. keTalAMkamAM samayanI, anubhavanI, ane mAnasika baMdhAraNanI aNadhArI asara thaelI hoya che. zaMkarAcArya pachI emane siddhAnta samajavAnA ane samajAvavAnA je aneka yatno thayA che, temAM A aitihAsika pariNAma thaele najare paDe che. huM zaMkarAcAryanA grantha joI e pariNAmathI mULa * rA. vaidyanA zabda. x " Hegel speaks of certain great writers who are like knots in the tree of human development, at once points of concentration for the various elements in the culture of the past and the starting points from which the various tendencies of the new time diverge. "-E. Caird. mAM che rIpatAnA samayanA arthagarbha

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zAMkara siddhAnta ane yoga 383 svarUpane judu pADI-avalokavA saune vinaMti karuM chuM. AvI rIte Avalokana karatAM jaNAze ke keTalAka TIkAkAroe jema zrImadbhagavadgItAnI TIkAmAM zaMkarAcArye nirUpelA dhyAnayoga upara bhAra mUkyo che, tema bIjA keTalAke sAMkhyayoga ane tatvavicAra upara bhAra mUkyo che. paNa koI pratiSThita ane prAcIna TIkAkAre haThAganuM pratipAdana zAMkara granthamAMthI meLavyuM nathI.' tattvavicArane prAdhAnya ApI, zrImaddabhagavadgItAnA samartha TIkAkAra ane pauDha zAMkaradAntI madhusUdanasarasvatI nIce pramANe eka sthaLe lakhe cheH " ata evAha vasiSThaH " dvau kramau cittanAzasya yogo jJAnaM ca rAghava / yogo vRtinirodho hi jJAnaM samyagavekSaNam / asAdhyaH kasyacidyogaH kasyacit tattvanizcayaH / prakArau dvau tato devo jagAda pramaH zivaH" rUriyA.......prathamamupAye aparamArthavALo hairaNyagarbhAdaya: prpedire| zrImacchaGkarabhagavatpUjyapAdamatopajIvinastvaupaniSadAHprapazcAnRtatvavAdino dvitIyamevopAya [jJAna-] mupeyuH| teSAM yadhiSThAnadADhaya sati tasya ca kalapitasya bAdhitasya cittasya tadRzyasya cAdarzanamanAyAsenaivopapadyate / ata eva bhagavatpUjyapAdAH kutrApi brahmavidAM yogApekSAM na vyutpAdayAMvabhUvuH / ata eva caupaniSadAH paramahaMsAH zraute vedAntavAkyavicAra eva gurumupasRtya pravartante brahmasAkSAtkArAya na tu yoge| vicAreNaiva cittadoSanirAkaraNena tasyAnyathAsiddhatvAditi kRtamadhikena // " | bhAvArtha-vasiSTa kahe che ke cittane nAza karavAnI be paddhati cheH yoga ane jJAna. ga eTale vRttine nirAdha, ane jJAna eTale vastune sArI peThe jevI-samajavI. keTalAkane yoga asAdhya che, keTalAkane tatvajJAna asAdhya che-tethI zivajIe cittanAza karavAnI be rIta batAvI. emAMne pahelo upAya (sAdhana) prapaMcane satya mAnanArA hairaNyagarbha vagere gIe) e svIkAryo che ane zrImata zaMkarabhagavatapUjyapAdanA matane avalaMbanArA vedAntIo prapaMca (jagata) ne mithyA mAne che, ane tethI bIjo upAya je jJAna enuM teoe grahaNa karyuM che. teonA mata pramANe-adhiSThAna je brahma * "haThaM vinA rAjayogo rAjayogaM vinA haThaH na siddhayati dvayaM tasmAdAniSpatteH samabhyaset " A zAMkara siddhAntanuM pramANa nathI ane yathArtha zAMkara siddhAnta tarIke huM ene mAnya rAkhI zakatA nathI. tenuM kAraNa huM upara jaNAvI gayo chuM.

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384 zAMkara siddhAnta ane vega enuM jJAna daDha thayuM, eTale emAM kalpita je citta ane ethI dekhAtuM je jagata , e sarvane bAdha thaI e dekhAtAM maTI jAya e bandhabesatuM che. tethI ja bhagavata pUjyapAde kaI paNa ThekANe brahmajJAnIone mATe coganI jarUra batAvI nathI, ane tethI ja vedAntI paramahaMsa brahmasAkSAtkAra mATe ganI darakAra na karatAM zrutie kahelo vedAntavAkyane vicAra karavA guru pAse jAya che. vicAra(jJAna)vaDe ja cittane deSa kADhI zakAya che. ane tethI vega deSa kADhavAnuM sAdhana nathI." zAMkara siddhAntanuM vicArapradhAna ane gavimukha svarUpa batAvavA mATe A karatAM kayA zabdo vadhAre spaSTa hoI zake ? chatAM bIjA zAMkara vedAntIne ema anubhavamAM Ave ke "bahu vyAkula cittavALA ane vicAra mAtrathI tatvajJAna prApta karI zakatA nathI, te temane cittane vega zAnta karavA mATe ga-arthAt rAjayogane ja e upadeza kare e svAbhAvika che. paraMtu bemAMthI ekene haThayoga vivakSita che ema na samajavuM. TUMkAmAM sAra ke- (1) zAMkarasiddhAntamAM aSTAMgayogane niSedha che ema kahevAmAM mane haThayogarUpI aSTAMga yogane niSedha ja vivakSita hato. (2) haThayoga zAMkara siddhAntamAM anabhimata che-enuM eka pramANa, haThayoganI kriyAone spaSTa niSedhIne ane athanara pamADIne "apakSAnubhUti "mAM kareluM paMcadazAMga rAjayoganuM pratipAdana. bIjuM pramANa, bhagavagItAnA haThAgane Teke ApatAM vacane paNa zaMkarAcArye rAjagamAM ghaTAvyAM e vAtamAMthI spaSTa jaNAI Avate emane haThAgamAM asvarasa. ane trInuM pramANa, gapratyAkhyAnanA vedAntasUtranA bhASyamAM pegaskRtinA sArA ke AmAM kaIne ema zaMkA thAya ke madhusUdanasarasvatIe te A mAtra brahmajJAna prApta karI cUkelA mATe ja kahyuM che, te ene uttara ke prakaraNano pUrvApara saMbaMdha tathA atre " gupatna' e zabdo A kalpanAne vAre che. gItAnA saghaLA TIkAkAramAM nIlakaMThane yoga mATe adhika Agraha che ane eNe madhusUdanasarasvatInA A vAkyanuM khaMDana karavA yatna karyo che paNa e mATe "thato #vijJAsA' e sUtranA bhASyamAM zaMkarAcArye je sAdhana catuSTaya batAvyAM che temAM samAdhi Ave che e karatAM e adhika pramANa batAvI zakayo nathI. e samAdhi te te rAjayoganuM aMga che e ApaNe jANIe chIe.

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zAMkara siddhAnta ane yoga '385 aMzarUpe ene pravajyAne upadeza khAsa karIne gaNAvyuM ane AsanAdikanAM vidhAna jatAM karyo e vAta; tathA sAdhana saMbaMdhI sUtronuM bhASya karyuM che tyAM samyagdarzana sAthe AsananA vicArane levA devA nathI evI spaSTa ukti. (3) zAMkara siddhAntane nirNaya karavA besavuM temAM eka tuM zaMkarAcAryanuM svArasya zemAM che e jovuM. kAraNa ke AcArya seMkaDe vAte kahe temAMthI jemAM emanuM svArasya jaNAya te ja emane siddhAnta samajavo-granthakArane gUDha Azaya samajavAnI A ja zAstrIya rIte ApaNuM zAstrakArone abhimata che. bIjuM-jyAM zAMkara siddhAntanA svarUpane vicAra cAlatuM hoya tyAM svarUpane nirNaya karavAmAM mAtra zaMkarAcAryanA granthane ja upayoga karo. ApaNuM zAstronAM anya vacanane athavA te pita pitAnA samayanI jarUriyAta pUrI pADanArA zAMkara TIkAkArenAM vacanane alaga rAkhIne vincara karavo. kaI paNa TIkAkAranuM vacana mAtra e pratiSThita TIkAkAranuM che eTalA uparathI ja ene A viSayamAM chevaTanuM pramANa na mAnavuM. ApaNe gaLe e artha Utare che ke kema, mULa bhASyakAranAM vacana sAthe e maLe che ke kema, e jevuM--ema karavAmAM kazI dhRSTatA nathI. kAraNa ke tamArU mAnavuM vicArapUrvaka haze te atre madhusUdanasarasvatInI mAphaka kaIne kaI pratiSThita TIkAkAra tamane Teko Apate jovAmAM Avaze. vastutaH cAlatA vicArane sthaLe te vidyAraNya vagere TIkAkArane paNa vireAdha nathI-teonAM vacane rAjayoga paratve hAI zAMkara siddhAnta sAthe emanI ekavAkayatA che. [vasanta, kArtika 1969]

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386 zAstracintana zAcintana gayA vaizAkha mAsamAM zaMkarajayantIne prasaMge zrIsiddhapura kSetramAMApaNuM prasiddha vidvAna rA. ba. kamaLAzaMkara prANazaMkara trivedInA pramukhapaNa nIce keTalAMka vyAkhyAne thayAM hatAM, emAMnuM eka vyAkhyAna, "vyAkhyAna kevi . zA. saM. nArAyaNa giradhara ThAkara' nAme gRhasthanA nAmathI hAlamAM "gujarAtI -patramAM prasiddha thayuM che. vyAkhyAnanuM mathALuM "varNazrama dharma ane zrI zaMkarAcArya" evuM rAkhavAmAM AvyuM che, paNa vastutaH emAM eka cheDethI te bIjA cheDA sudhI-mAtra gaye varSe e ja sthaLe ane e ja prasaMge pramukha tarIke ApelA mArA bhASaNanA khaMDana sivAya bIjuM kAMI ja najare paDatuM nathI. je prasaMge dezamAM jJAna vairAgya ane zaktinA vicAre pravartAvavA yatna karavo joIe, te prasaMge eka alpa vyaktinA vicAre cUMthavAmAM brahmAnanda manAya e thoDuM khedakAraka nathI. yurepamAM kAnTa ke lyutharanI jayantI UjavAtI hoya te te prasaMge e mahAtmAonAM jIvana ane siddhAnta keTakeTalI bAjuethI avalokavAmAM AvyAM hoya ene jyAre vicAra Ave che, tyAre hadaya kevaLa lajjAthI glAna banI jAya che. zuM zaMkarAcAryanuM jIvana ane siddhAnta pUrvokta mahApurUSonA karatAM thoDA UMDA ane vizALa che? eka varNAzramadharmane ja viSaya le te te upara paNa keTaluM kahevAnuM che ! A saMbandhI zaMkarAcAryanA vicAre zA hatA, rAmAnujAcArya vagere bIjA AcAryonA vicArethI e kyAM kyAM judA paDe che, enI deza upara kevI asara thaI che, vartamAnakALamAM, emAMthI zo baMdha maLI zake ema che-ityAdi aneka carcavA gya prazno gya rIte carcavAne badale, mAtra bALabodha paMktio UtAryo karavI ke eka vyaktinA alpa zabdo cUMthavAmAM sabhAne kALakSepa karavo, e bhAgye ja AvA mahAna prasaMgane zobhatI cacapaddhati che.* prakRti prasaMgamAM, upara kahI tevI vizALa ane UMDI vivecaka paddhatinI mAgaNI karavAmAM huM cUropanAM mahAtio sAthe, ApaNuM ghara dIvaDAM" ne sarakhAvI ene halakAM pADavA mAgatA nathI. mArI mAgaNuM khAsa upagI uddezathI che te e ke--kaI paNa yathArthadaza vivecaka A varNana zramadharmanA viSayamAM rAmAnujAcAryanA siddhAntane judo pADaze ke turata rA.

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zAstracintana 387 paNa vyAkhyAna zarU karatAM vyAkhyAnakAra kahe che ke mArA gayA varSanA bhASaNathI siddhapuranA "brahmavRndane lebha thayo hate." thayo hoya te huM lAcAra chuM. paNa mAre A sthaLe jaNAvavuM joie ke huM e vRndanI sevA karavA gayo hato, ene sAruM lagADavA gayo na hato. ane mane mArA siddhAntanI yathArthatA ane bhAvI vijaya mATe eTalI khAtarI che ke ApaNuM dezanA prAcIna dharma ane tattvajJAna uparathI ajJAnanAM jALAM dUra thaze tyAre A kSebha agya hatuM ema sau koIne lAgyA vinA nahi rahe. AkSepa zarU karatAM pahelAM vyAkhyAnakAra mAre mATe pitAne "parama bhAna ane prema" che ema jAhera kare che. huM A kRpA mATe emane upakAra mAnuM chuM. paNa "ardhanAstika evA che ke kaMI temAMnuM karI kalakalpita kalpanAo kare che ane zAstra samajavAnuM DeLa karI prajAne moha pamADe che jethI mandabuddhio phasAya che..... Anandaza karabhAInA vicAramAM paNa mane kAMIka tevuM darzana thayu."--A pAchaLanA zabdo vAMcatAM, pUrvokta "mAna ane prema" jarA "Pickwician sense" yAne lokottara arthanAM bhAse che. astu. je "mAna ane prema" upara bhAre haka nathI te huM mAgatA nathI. mAre te mAtra nyAya ane satyaparAyaNa mananI ja apekSA che. A abhuta "mAna ane prema karatAM paNa upakAra mAnavAnuM mane adhika kAraNa raheta(1) je e gRhastha mArA vidyArthImAM paNa na zobhe evuM ajJAna - pitAnA ja ajJAnathI-mane ApyuM na hata; (2) A viSayamAM joI zrama karI mArA pratipAdananI pAchaLa zAM zAM pramANe rahyAM che te jANavA ane samajavA yatna karyo heta; tathA (3) vastutaH jyAM tyAre emanAthI matabheda nathI tyAM vRthA matabheda kalpI laI khaMDanane ADambara karyo na hota. A traNe jAtanA deSa rA. ThAkaranA vyAkhyAnamAM sthaLe sthaLe che e A uttara vAMcatAM vAcakane samajavAmAM Avaze. kAkarene ane bhAre matabheda tarI Avaze, ane vastutaH je rAmAnujAcAryathI zaMkarAcAryane matabheda che te ja zaMkarAcAryanA siddhAnta parAve rA. ThAkarane ane mAre matabheda che ema emane samajAze.

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zAstracintana ArbhamAM mArI mArA vAcakane tema ja sAmA pakSane eka vinati che: ApaNA dharma ane tattvajJAnanA mandira tarapha najara karI. e mandira ghaNuM prAcIna che, paNa e prAcInatAne lIdhe jema emAM dhaNA guNa AvyA che, tema ApaNe mAthe keTalIka muzkelIo utpanna thaI che. ApaNA pratihAsanA aneka caDhatI paDatInA samayeAmAM ApaNe e vizALa mandirane joIe tevuM sAksuka rAkhI zakyA nathI. tene lIdhe--emAM ajJAnanAM puSkaLa jALAM khAjhatyAM che, khUNe khUNe cAmAcIDIAMe vAsa karyo che, bhavya ane sundara citro sekaDe varSathI dhULathI ane jyAM tyAM karelA aNusamajI kaDIAnA kUcaDAthI DhaMkAI gayAM che, ane keTaleka ThekANe divya manuSyAkRti bALakAe kADhelA kAyalAnA lITAthI vAnara jevI manI gaI che. enA keTalAka bhAgamAM sUryanuM eka kiraNa paNu paDatuM nathI, ane kAIka pUjArIe prajavALelA jhAMkhA baLatA dIvA paNa ghaNA kharA hAlavAI gayA che. AvA vizALa ane adbhuta mandiranA jIrNodhAra karavAnuM kAI paNa eka vyaktimAM sAmarthya nathI. balke, e mandiramAM sarvatra zrI vaLI enuM yathAsthita jJAna pUrepUruM meLave eTalI paNa kAryanI zakti nathI. e prAcIna devAlayane ulhAra karavAmAM, ane enI divAle dhAine pharI sApha karavAmAM, kAMI nahi te ekAda e jALAM kha'kherI kADhavAmAM, ke aMdhArAmAM jarA battI pheravavAmAM, bhAga levA e dareka sanAtana hindudharmInI krUraja che. 38 A krUraja bajAvatAM bhamarA UThe, agara te jUnA citrone hAni paheAMcaze evA akAraNa paNa sAcA mananA bhayathI ekAda mitra ApaNe hAtha jhAle--te| tethI gabharAvAnuM ke nAkhuza thavAnuM kAraNa nathI. ulaTuM, Ave prasaMge ApaNA prAcIna dharma upara ApaNA bandhujanAnI bhrAnta paNa vAstavika mamatA joI khuza thavAnuM che, ane emanI bhrAntio TALavA guiNa utsAhathI pravartavAnuM che. A samajaNathI--huM rA. ThAkaranA sadhaLA AkSepa! mArA peAtAnA ja dharmanI rakSA arthe~bhrAnta buddhithI tathApi ucca uddezathI-utpanna thayA che ema samajI-vadhAvI lau chuM, ane enA uttara ApavAnuM zarU karUM chuM. . sAmAnya vAcakane AvA vAdivavAdamAM rasa AvatA nathI, ane vAdavivAdathI sAmA pakSane navA nizcayeA UpajAvI zakAtA nathI. Ama baMne rIte A vivAdamAM UtaravuM nirarthaka che . ema mane prathama lAgeluM. paNa pachI A vivAdamAM samAelA viSayeA upara vizeSa prakAza paDe te sArU ema keTalAka mitro icche che, ane e viSaye ApaNA dharma ane tattvajJAnanAM

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zAstracintana 389 (1) meM pUrvenA bhASaNamAM jaNAvyuM hatuM ke mArA adhyayana-adhyApanamAM bhAre sarva saMpradAya sAthe saMbadhuM paDe che ane tethI huM kaI paNa eka saMpradAya sAthe baMdhAela nathI. A sAme mane smaraNa ApavAmAM AvyuM che ke "vivekI puruSone tAratamyadaSTithI jUnAdhikatA dekhAI adhika guNavALA tarapha valaNa thAya che." A smaraNa ApavAnI bilakula jarUra nathI. eka ja saMpradAya sAthe joDAI rahevAthI sAmAnya manuSyahadayamAM je rAgadveSa utpanna thavAno saMbhava che te ja niSedhavAne bhAre Azaya hatuM, ane e saMbhava kevo baLavAna che e siddha karavA mATe-gautama buddha jevA mahAtmAnA nAma AgaLa "bhagavAna" zabda na sAMkhI zakanAra vyAkhyAnakAranuM pitAnuM ja udAharaNa basa che. (2) ApaNuM tattvadarzananI paraspara saMgati aitihAsika paddhatie karavAnI meM sUcanA karI hatI-te uparathI jANe mArI buddhi pazcimanI vicArapaddhatine me zaraNe karI dIdhI hoya agara te huM kaI navIna ja vicArapaddhati dAkhala karavAnI dhRSTatA karato hou, agara te zAstrone ThekANe jANe "Rationalism' yAne kevaLa tarkavAdane ja huM sthApita karavA icchate heuM, ema e vyAkhyAnakAre kalpI lIdhu che. paNa vastutaH emAMne bhAre mATe eka paNa zabda khare nathI. tame pazcimanA vicArone mAnya kare agara na kare, paNa atyAre e vicAro cAre taraphathI ApaNuM dharma ane tatvajJAna upara-bake ApaNA samasta jIvana upara-dhasAro karatA Ave che. ane e sAme enuM rakSaNa karavuM hoya te jUnA vakhatanAM chUTAM zmAM vacano TAMkIne kRtakRtyatA mAnavI nirarthaka che. pazcimanA AkSepane pazcimanI ja rItie, athavA te ene nisteja banAvI de evI prabalanara paddhatio, uttara vALyA sivAya chUTako nathI. Ama kahevAmAM huM kAMI paNa navIna mahattavanAM aMga che, tema ja vyAkhyAnakAranA ane mArA daSTibindu vacce je tAttvika phera che enuM spaSTIkaraNa karavuM e aneka rIte upayogI che- tethI A uttara huM lakhuM chuM. jyAM mane ema jaNAze ke have A carcAmAM navIna prakAza pADavAne rahyA nathI ane sujJa vAcakanI svataMtra buddhine nyAya seMpI zakAya ema che, athavA te have A carcA sabhyatAnI maryAdA cheDe che, tyAM huM A vAdavivAda mArA taraphathI ekadama baMdha karIza, # rA. ba. kamaLAzaMkarabhAInA "zrImacha karajayantI vyAkhyAnamAlA" nAmanA sundara pustakamAM pU. 26 me dhamavicAramAM udAratA e paregrAphamAM darzAvelA uttama vicAronuM manana karavA rA. ThAkorane vinaMti che.

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390 zAstracinhana sUcanA karatA nathI. jyAre vaidika dharma ane tattvajJAna upara jaina ane bauddha granthakArAe 'Reason ' (muddhi, yukti) ne AdhAre AkSepa karyAM, tyAre vaidika granthakArAe eja pramANane khaLe uttara ApavA mAMDayA, ane jyAM e uttara ApI na zakyA tyAM parapakSanA buddhibaLanI emanA upara ativArya asara thaI, ane cAlu vaidika dharma ane tattvajJAnamAM aneka pheraphAra thayA. A ja kriyA atyAre pAzcAtya keLavaNI ane saMsargane lIdhe ApaNA yuvA upara----Y samasta hindu prajA upara----thavA mAMDI che, ane A aNIne vakhate yugadharma na samajIne, maMmizranA pApaDhanI mAphaka mAtra * svataHprAmANya ' ane 'parataHprAmANya' nI vAtA karyAM karavI e sanAtana dharmanI rakSA nathI, ulaTuM enI khAliza viDambanA che. " rA. ThAkaranA AkSepeAne huM cAra vibhAgamAM vhecI nAMkhu chuM--jethI A carcA sAmAnya svarUpa le, ane vAMcakane ka'TALA e Ave~ (1) zAstronI vyavasthA--khAsa karI yagdarzananI vyavasthA karavAmAM meM aitihAsika paddhatinA upayega karyAM che te saMbandhI. (2) darzanAnI utpatti meM kaeNmika batAvI che te saMbandhI. (3) darzanA paikI sAMkhya tathA prasaMgApAtta gautama buddhanA siddhAnta viSenA mArA vicAra saMbandhI. (4) zAMkara siddhAntanA nirUpaNane aMge (ka)kamaeNkAMDa (kha) cAga ane (ga) varNAzramavyavasthA viSe darzAvelA mArA vicAra saMbandhI. [ vasanta, kArtika saMvat 197 ]

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padarzananI saMkalana padarzananI saMkalanA aitihAsika paddhati ApaNAM zAstronA aneka vidhAna parihAra aitihAsika paddhatio thaI jAya che. ane aitihAsika paddhati vAstavika kAlanirNaya upara racAelI che, eTale ApaNuM kapolakalpanA vaDe kharA virodhane mAtra be parihAra karIe chIe ema dUSaNa rahetuM nathI. A TUMkAmAM etihAsika paddhati grahaNa karavAnuM mAruM kAraNa che. A paddhatine meM "Historical Method" evA aMgrejI zabdathI nirdezI hatI, ane ene "Logical Method" thI bhinna pADI hatI. mAruM bhASaNa zAstranA virodhaparihAranI vividha paddhati saMbadhI na hatuM eTale e be paddhatinA bhedanuM nirUpaNa te prasaMge azakya hatuM. paraMtu e upara AkSepa karatAM pahelAM AkSepakAre e be zabdathI zuM vivakSita che e samajavuM joItuM hatuM "Logical Method" zabdane artha pramANasiddha che ema nahi, paNa vicAranI saMkalanA yAne ghaTanAmAM utarI zake evuM ane, ""Historical Method' yAne aitihAsika paddhati te "Logical" thI bhinna mATe te sAmAnya arthamAM allogical yAne pramANuviruddha ema nahi, paNa vicArasaMgatine (consistency in thought) badale kAlika vastusthitine AdhAre cAlanArI. A aitihAsika paddhati pramANamaryAdAnI bahAra nathIH yathAyogya, pratyakSa anumAna athapatti ane zabda vagere je je pramANa gaNAvAya che te sarvamAM ene samAveza thAya che. A paddhati kAMI apUrva nathIH yugadharmanI vyavasthA * karanAra ApaNuM prAcInene e sArI peThe jANatI hatI. mAtra jema jema janA granthakAre kALanA kSitijamAM asta thayA, ane itihAsanAM pustakane abhAve emanA pauvaparyanuM smaraNa lupta thaI javA mAMDayuM tema tema-sAdhanane abhAve e paddhatino upayoga baMdha thavA lAge. paNa hiMdusthAnanA itihAsa --enA dharma tatvajJAna sAhitya Adi granthanA samayanuM ane enA paurvoparyanuM atyAre ApaNane ApaNA pUrvajo karatAM vadhAre cekasa jJAna prApta thayuM che, ane ene lAbha laI aitihAsika paddhatine ApaNe vadhAre sArI rIte ane bahoLo upayoga karI zakIe ema che, te ApaNuM judAM judAM zAstronA svarUpane te te zAstronA samaya sAthe joDIe te temAM khoTuM che

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' 392 darzananI saMkalanA e huM samajatA nathI. sarva dezanAM tattvajJAnanA itihAsa e ja rIte saMka LavAmAM Ave che, ane mArA kALanirNaya kharA hai! vA khATA ho, paNa aitihAsika paddhatimAM zuM khATuM che e te mArI kalpanAmAM paNa AvI zakatuM nathI. e pahita mATe joItAM aitihAsika sAdhanAne abhAve ApaNA pUrvajo vividha darzanAnI saMgati emanA aviruddhoMza tAravI kADhIne karI batAvatA. evI saMgati ApaNA pUrvajonA granthAmAM traNa ThekANe thaelI mane yAda che, e prathama ApIne pachI, enAthI aitihAsika patinI saMgati dhruvI rIte bhinna che e huM batAvIzaH-~~ 1 eka satyapravacanamASTa mAM vijJAnabhikSue karelI che emAM kapilamuninA sAMkhyanA nyAya-vaizeSika ane brahmamImAMsA sAthe avirAdha sAdhyeA che- emAM~ " nanu nyAyavaizeSikAbhyAmapyeteSvartheSu nyAyaH pradarzita iti tAbhyAmasya gatArthatvam / saguNanirguNatvAdiviruddharUpairAtmasAdhakatayA tadyuktibhiranatyayuktInAM virodhenobhayoreva durghaTaM praamaamiti !'' =" A viSayamAM ( puruSArtha, puruSArthanuM sAdhana jJAna, ane jJAnane viSaya AtmasvarUpa vagere khAkhatAmAM ) nyAya ane vaizeSika darzanAe yukti ( svatantra vicAra vaDe upapAdana karavuM te) khatAvI che--eTale sAMkhyadarzananuM kAMI prayeAjana rahetuM nathI. emAMnAM pahelAM e darzane, AtmAne sAdhanArI yuktie Ape che temAM, AtmAne saguNa DharAve che ane sAMkhyadarzana ane nirguNuM TharAve che. Ama eenI yuktionA paraspara virAdha utpanna thatAM baMne pakSanuM prAmANya azakaya thaI paDe che. " Ama pUrvapakSa karI, uttara pakSamAM javAkha de che keH - "maivam / vyAvahArikapAramArthikarUpaviSayabhedena gatArthatvavirodhayorabhAvAt / nyAyavaizeSikAbhyAM hi sukhiduHkhyAdyanuvAdato dehAdimAtravivekenAtmA prathamabhUmikAyAmanumApitaH ekadA parasUkSme pravezAsambhavAt / tadIyaM ca jJAnaM dehAdyAtmatAnirasanena vyAvaddArikaM tattvajJAnaM bhavatyeva / yathA puruSe sthANubhramanirAsa katayA karacaraNAdimatvajJAnaM vyavahArataH tattvajJAnaM tadvat / " 1

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SadarzananI saMkalana 33 =ema na kaheze. nyAyazAce yuti batAvI che eTale sAMkhyazAstra niprayojana che, ke teone paraspara virodha che-ema nathI. nyAyazAstra laukika anubhavamAM AtmA sukhI duHkhI manAya che te vAtane anuvAda karI (laukika mAnyatA evI che tevI ne tevI ene punaH uccArI) mAtra deha ane AtmAne viveka sAdhe che-ane A rIte pahelI bhUmikAnuM kAmaphakta AtmAnuM anumAna karavuM eTaluM ja-te kare che. kAraNake eka vakhate AtmA saMbadhI parama sUkSama viSayamAM praveza thaI zakatuM nathI. e zAstro ( nyAyavaizeSika) nuM jJAna deha e ja AtmA che e samajaNane dUra kare che, ane e rIte e vyAvahArika (UtaratuM) prakAranuM tattvajJAna bane che. jemake -mANasamAM thAMbhalAne bhrama Upajyo hoya to te e vastune hAthapaga che evuM jJAna thavAthI nAza pAme che, ane tethI e jJAnane vyavahAdiyA tattvajJAna kahevAmAM Ave che. (paNa tethI ema samajavAnuM nathI ke mANasa e kharekhara hAthapagavALo deha ja che-e te vastutaH AtmA che.") Ama nyAya ane sAMkhyane-saguNa-niNavAdane avirodha batAvI chevaTe kahe che -- "tadIyamapi jJAnamaparavairAgyadvArA paramparayA mokSasAdhanaM bhavatyeveti; tajjJAnApekSayA'pi ca sAMkhyajJAnameva pAramArthika paravairAgyadvArA sAkSAnmokSasAdhanaM ca bhavati / " = e nyAya-vaizeSikanuM jJAna paNa apara UtaratA)vairAgya dvArA paraMparAe mekSanuM sAdhana bane che. paNa e jJAna sAthe sarakhAvatAM sAMkhyajJAna ja pAramArthika che, ane para(caDhIyAtA )vairAgyadvArA sAkSAta mekSanuM sAdhana thAya che." Ama nyAya ane vaizeSika sAthe sAMkhyadarzanane avireAdha sAdhI, pachI brahmamImAMsA joDe enI saMgati kare che temAM-batAvyuM che ke sAMkhya sUtrakArane IzvaravAda agrAhya nathI.x purUSo aneka che chatAM vedAntamAM emanI ekatA pratipAdana karI che te emanA sAmya paratve levAnI che, ane prakRti te ja mAyA che ane enuM mithyAtva amuka rIte ja samajavAnuM che-ityAdi. kapila munine upadeza sezvaravAdane hatuM ke nirIzvaravAdano e viSe hajI AgaLa carcA karavAnI che, te vakhate bIjA vacane TAMkavAmAM Avaze tathA vizeSa khulAso karAze. 50.

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394 SagdarzananI saMkalanA - 2 khIjI saMgati 8 sthAnamela ' mAM madhusUdanasarasvatIe karI che, emAM Sagdarzana saMbandhI nirUpaNane aMge pratyeka darzananu prayeAjana khatAvI, chevaTe sarve darzananuM prayevRjana khatAvI, chevaTe sava danAnu tAtparya vivAdamukhe advitIya paramAtmAnuM pratipAdana karavAnuM che ema jaNAvyuM che. mULa badhuM vAMcavA jevuM che--paNu prakRta sthaLe emAMthI jarUra jeTalI patie utArUM chuM:-- (3) "nyAya AiIkSijI pazcAdhyAyI gautamena maLatA...okarApdaarthaanaamuddesh lakSaNaparIkSAbhistattvajJAnaM tasyAH prayojanam / " = '( ' nyAya' eTale ke " AnvIkSikI ' vidyA--pAMca adhyAyanI gautame racI che. pramANAdi seALa padArthanAM uddeza lakSaNa ane parIkSAvaDe tattvanuM jJAna meLavavuM e enuM prayAjana che. ) "" (2) "evaM dazAdhyAyaM vaizeSikaM zAkhaM kaNAdena praNItam / dravyaguNakarmasAmAnyavizeSasamavAyAnAM SaNNAM padArthAnAmabhAvasasamAnAM sAdharmyavaidhamrmyAbhyAM vyutpAdanaM tasya prayojanam | etadapi nyAyapadenoktam / " ,, = ( e ja pramANe daza adhyAyanuM vaizeSikazAstra kAde racyuM che. dravyAdi SaTapadArtha ane sAtame! abhAva e sAta padArthInuM sAmya ane vaidhatmya karI vyutpAdana karavuM e enuM prayeAjana che. A zAstra paNa 'nyAya' evA zabdathI oLakhAya che. )" (3) "mImAMsA'pi dvividhA karmamImAMsA zArIrakamImAMsA ca / tatra dvAdazAdhyAyI karmamImAMsA... bhagavatA jaimininA praNItA / tathA saGkarSaNakANDamapyadhyAyacatuSTayAtmakaM jaiminipraNItam / tacca... upAsanAkhyakarmapratipAdakatvAt karmamImAMsAntargatameva / " ja = ("mImAMsA paNa be prakAranIH karmamImAMsA ane zArIrakamImAMsA. temAM karmamImAMsA bAra adhyAyanI bhagavAna jaiminie racI che. tathA cAra adhyAyanA saMkaNakAMDa che te paNa minie karelA che, e paNa upAsanA rUpI karmanuM pratipAdana kare che tethI karmamImAMsAnA ja peTAmAM Ave che.)" (?) tathA vaturLyAthI cAIramImAMttA...nauvanItvajJAzAtkaarhetuH / zravaNAkhya vicArapratipAdakAnyAyAnupadarzayantI maLavatA thAvAyaLanatA..........tame sarvazAstrAnAM madhanym / zAkhAntaraM sarvamasyaiva zeSabhUtamitIdameva mumukSubhirAda raNIyaM zrIzaMkarabhagavatpAdoditaprakAreNeti rahasyam // 79

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padarzananI saMkalana 395 (" tathA cAra adhyAyanI zArIrakamImAMsA che. jIva ane brahmanA ekatvane sAkSAtkAra e enuM prayojana che. emAM zravaNarUpI vicAra darzAvanArI dalIlo batAvI che. ane e bhagavAna bAdarAyaNe karelI che A ja sarva zAstranA ziraHsthAne che. bIjA badhAM zAstra AnAM ja aMgabhUta che. tethI A zAstra pratye ja mekSanI IcchA rAkhanArAoe Adara kara -ane zrI zaMkara bhagavAne kahele prakAre ja--ema rahasya che."). (6) "tathA sAhacarAdhe mAtA pina karatA paha dhyaaymuu...| prakRtipuruSavivekajJAnaM sAMkhyazAstrasya pryojnm|" =(" tathA sAMkhyazAstra bhagavAna kapile raceluM che. enA cha adhyAya prakRtipuruSanA vivekanuM jJAna e sAkhyazAstranuM prayojana che.) (6) " tathA yogazAstraM bhagavatA patanalinA praNItam |...tsy ca vijAtIyapratyayanirodhadvAreNa nididhyaasnsiddhiHpryojnm|" = ("tathA gazAstra bhagavAna pataMjalie racyuM che. vijAtIya prayatna" yAne anya jAtinA vicArane nirodha karIne, nididhyAsana yAne dhyAna siddha karavuM e enuM prayojana che.") chevaTe saghaLAM prasthAne yAne mArgamAM traNa bheda-AraMbhavAda, parisumavAda, ane vivartavAda ema traNa bheda-pADI, madhusudanasarasvatI kahe che___"srvessaaN prasthAnakartRNAM munInAM vivartavAdaparyavasAnena advitIyaparamezvara eva pratipAye tAtparyam / na hi te munayo bhrAntAH sarvajJatvAtteSAm / kiMtu bahirviSayapravaNAnAmApAtataH puruSArtha pravezo na saMbhavatIti nAstikyavAraNAya taiH prakArabhedAH pradarzitAH tatra teSAM tAtparyamabuddhvA vedaviruddhe'pyarthaM tAtparyamutprekSamANAstanmatamevopAdeyatvena gRhNanto janA nAnApathajuSo bhavanti // " ="sarva mArga racanAra munionuM tAtparya vivartavAdamAM paryavasAna pAmI-advitIya paramezvaranuM pratipAdana karavAnuM che. e munio bhrAnta na hatA; kAraNa ke teo sarvajJa hatA. paNa bahiviSaya tarapha jeonuM mana lAgelu che temane sahelAIthI puruSArtha (parama purupArtha) mAM praveza thaI zakatuM nathI-tethI teone nAstika thaI jatA aTakAvavA mATe (tatvanA) judA judA prakAra batAvyA che. upara kahelA advitIya brahmavAdamAM teonuM tAtparya che e na samajIne vedathI je bAbate viruddha che temAM paNa teonuM

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36 paddazananI saMkalanA tAtparya mAnIne, loke vedaviruddha matamatabhAgIne paNa grahaNa karavA gya mAne che--ane evI rIte aneka bhAga caDhe che." 3. trIjI saMgati ta da-vIpikane ane annabhaTTa karI che. annabhaTTa lakhe cheH "vArthajJAna prAijha che. tathApti-ujAramAM vare draSTavyaH zrotavyo mantavyo nididhyAsitavya' iti zrutyA zravaNAdInAM tasvasAkSAtkAre hetutvabodhanAt / zrutyA dehAdivilakSaNAsmajJAne satyapyasaMbhAvanAnivRttaH yuktyanusandhAnarUpamananasAdhyatvAta mananopayogipadArthanirUpaNadvArA zAstrasyApi mokSopayogitvam / tadanantaraM zrutyupadiSTayogavidhinA nididhyAsane kRte tadantaraM dehAdivilakSaNAtmasAkSAtkAre sati dehAdau ahamabhimAnarUpamithyA jJAnanAze sati doSAbhAvAt pravRtyabhAve dharmAdharmayorabhAvAjjanmAbhAve pUrvadharmAdharmayoranubhavena nAze caramaduHkhadhvaMsarUpo mokSo jAyate" // ( =(padArthone jJAnanuM parama prayojana mekSa che. "AramA ghA ityAdi ati zravaNa manana-ane nididhyAsananI tasvasAkSAtkAramAM kAraNutA batAve che. dehathI AtmA jude che ema atithI jANyuM, paNa emAM asabhavanI zakA thAya tenuM nivAraNa yukti-vicAra yAne manana-vaDe bane che. ane A( nyAya )zAstra mananamAM uyogI evA padArthanuM nirUpaNa kare che ane e rIte mekSamAM upayogI thAya che. te pachI kRtimAM kahelA gavidhi pramANe nididhyAsana karavAmAM Ave che. eTale dehathI vilakSaNa evA AtmAne sAkSAtkAra thAya che; e thatAM, dehAdikamAM huM evA abhimAnarUpI mithyAjJAnane nAza thAya che. ane e nAza thayo eTale rAgadveSAdi depa rahetA nathI. ane deva na rahyA, eTale pravRtti nahi, ane pravRtti nahi eTale dharma-adharma nahi, ane e nahi eTale punarjanma nahi, ane pUrvanA dharma adharmane cAlu janmamAM anubhavathI nAza thayo eTale chevaTanA duHkhadhva sarUpI mekSa siddha thaye) have nIrakSIranyAye A traNa saMgatine tapAsIe. (1) vijJAnabhikSu nyAyavaizeSika ane sAMkhyane avirodha sAdhe che e dIka che. paNa emAMthI sAra e nIkaLe che ke ApaNA jIvananuM parama prajana siddha karavA mATe vairAgyAdi je sAdhana AcaravAnAM che, temAM nyAya

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" pagdarzananI sakalanA 397 vaizeSika-sAMkhya sarvane avakAza che. vijJAnabhikSue batAveluM sAMkhyanuM svarUpa yathArtha che ema sAMkhyane nirIzvaravAda mAnanAra rA. ThAkarathI kahI zakAze nahi, ane emAM vedAntanuM je svarUpa batAvyuM che te paNa zAMkaravedAntathI bhinna hAI zAMkaramatAnuyAyIthI svIkArI zakAze nahi. vaLI vastutaH upaniSadnAM vAkaye jotAM vijJAnabhikSue batAveluM prAcIna vedAntanuM e svarUpa yathArtha paNa jaNAtuM nathI. (2) madhusUdanasarasvatInA yatna chae darzananI saMgati karavAnA che. emaNe te te darzanane amuka amuka aMza--je aMzane anya darzana sAthe virodha na hAya tevA aMza----laI, sarvane eka vicAradhaTanAmAM joDyAM che. AthI prAcIna darzananeA ApaNe meAkSasAdhanAmAM zA upayeAga karavA e saMbandhI sArI sUcanA maLe che. paNa te te aMzane ekalA letAM emAM je je apUrNatA rahe che tene anya anya darzane itihAsakramamAM kevI kevI rIte pUrI pADI che-- e saMbandhI jJAna teA itihAsanA dIpa vinA maLavuM azakya che. vaLI 'prayAjana '-zabda vAparIne madhusUdanasarasvatIe te te darzananI meAkSasAdhanAmAM vyavahArU upayeAgitA (Practical usefulnsss) zI che e batAvavAnA ja uddeza rAkhyA jaNAya che. vastutaH te darzananI utpattinA ke vikAsane vicAra ( genesis ) emanA nirUpaNanA hetu nathI. e nirUpaNa atihAsika sAdhanane abhAve emanAthI khanI zake ema hatu paNa nahi, (3) te ja pramANe tarkadIpikAmAM ahaMbhaTTe meAkSanA sAdhanane aMge nyAyadarzananI upayAgitA batAvI che, ane yAgAdika darzanA paNa emAM kevI rIte sAdyakArI thAya e jaNAvyu che--e danAnI utpattine vicAra emaNe karyo nathI. A traNe saMgati vicAradhaTanAnI ( logical ) che, ane eka vakhata darzanA utpanna thaI gayA pachI, ene ApaNA zreyaHsAdhanamAM kevI rIte upayAgamAM levAM e vyavahArU uddeza ( Practical end ) mAthI sUjhelI che. *jemake, atyAre zaMkara rAmAnuja vagere AcArcInA siddhAntamAMthI judA judA aMzA laI sarvanA ApaNA dhArmika jIvanamAM ApaNe upayega karI zakIe ema che, ane e rIte emanA avirAdha sAdhI zakAya che. paraMtu teTalA uparathI ema pratipAdana karavuM ke te te AcAryaMnA siddhAtamAM mULa vastutaH matabheda hatA ja nahi, ane sarvee jANI joine TukaDA taiyAra karyA hatA evA uddezathI ke pAchaLanA jamAnAnA leAka e

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398 padarzananI saMkalanA huM upara batAvelI darzanenI upayogitA-judI judI rIte parama prayajana siddha karavAmAM kAMI upayogI thavuM--eno niSedha karatA nathI, ane meM mArA bhASaNamAM pUrve karyo paNa nathI. balake e sarva zAstro "darzana kahevAyAM che, arthAta zrutinA arthanuM darzana karAvavA mATe nirmAyAM che, ema meM spaSTa pratipAdana karyuM che. paNa jyAM atyAranI upayogitAno prazna cheDI mULanI utpattine prazna laIe chIe, tyAM upara jaNAvelA grantha- . kAra taraphathI ApaNane koI ja ajavALuM maLatuM nathI. ane tethI e sarvane (je sarva arvAcIna granthakAre che, temane pahelA praznamAM pramANa mAnI bIjA praznamAM svatantra aitihAsika paddhatie vicAra calAvavA ApaNe haka che. e pUrvajoe karelI (LogicalvicAra ghaTanAnI) saMgatine lopyA vinA-balake e ja saMgatinI madadathI--emanA utpattimamAM paNa saMgati darzAvavA yatna karIe to ethI ApaNe ApaNA pUrvajonA kAryanI avagaNanA karatA nathI. mAtra emanA kAryanI nyUnatA pUrIe chIe.e nyUnatA pUravAne ApaNo haka che eTaluM ja nahi paNa pharaja che. dezanI buddhine itihAsa amuka vyaktithI ja aTake evI maryAdA bAMdhI zakAtI nathI. ApaNuM prAcIna grantho amuka TIkAkAre vAMcyA ane samajAvyA tyAra pachI e vAMcavA ane samajAvavAne ApaNe haka nathI evo niyama niSphaLa ane azakta che--ApaNA pUrvaja TIkAkAree pate pALyo nathI, keI paNa prajAnA ItihAsamAM e paLAyo nathI ane paLAvAne nathI. paraMtu te uparAMta, atyAre te hindanA tattvajJAnanuM cintana karanAra dareka abhyAsInI pharaja che ke je paddhatie theksa ane sekreTisathI mAMDI DArvina ane spensara vagere sudhI pAzcAtya tattvajJAnanI saMkalanA thaI che te ja praddhatie ApaNuM dezanA tattvajJAnanI paNa saMkalana karavI joIe. ane e ja paddhatie cAlavAthI, atyAre dezane prAcIna itihAsa je chinnabhinna thaI gayA che e pharI sajIvana thaze, ApaNuM jJAnagaMgA chUTAM chUTAM khAbebIyAM jevI thaI gaI che e avicchinna pravAhathI vaheze. ApaNuM dezamAM pUrva aitihAsika granthone abhAve ApaNe ghaNuM khamavuM paDayuM ekaThA karI goThavI leze--te e pratipAdana nirAdhAra ane bhramamUlaka che. te ja pramANe upara, darzane saMbandhI samajavuM. atyAre ApaNe mAthe ApaNuM dhAmika jIvanamAM A AcAryonA virodha zamAvavAnuM kartavya prApta thayuM che, tevuM pUrvokta vijJAnabhikSu vagere prakhyakArone darzananI saMgati karavAnuM prApta thayuM hatuM

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' SarzananI saMkalanA 399 che, temAM vartamAna samayanA vidvAneAnA prayatnathI itihAsanA je TukaDA hAtha lAgyA che ene anAdara karIne mIjI vAranI bhUla UmeravI e ApaNA dezane aneka rIte hAnikAraka che. atyAre kAla' evA padArthane ja UDAvI ane--jagatanI aitihAsika dRSTine pATA bAMdhavA e kAIthI ja banI zake ema nathIH aitihAsika paddhatinA (mhAMe) niSedha karanArane paNa vastutaH e paddhatinA upayAga karyAM vinA cAlatuM nathI. " vedanA siddha arthe te sarve RSi-munione mULathI ja maLyA hatA, ane te paraMparAnugata cAlyA AvatA hatA, mAtra kAI kAI mahAna vyaktio udayamAM AvI temaNe vedanA arthe samajavAne mandabuddhinA mANasAne paNa upakAra thAya tevA vicArathI zAstrA racyAM 'ityAdi kahenAra gRhastha vastutaH atihAsika paddhatinA ja upayeAga kare che. ApaNA itihAsamAM amuka samaye mandabuddhinA mANase utpanna thavA lAgyA, ane temane upakAraka thAya evAM zAstrA racavAnI kAlasthiti ane janasthiti jotAM jarUra jaNAI ane e jarUra pUrI pADanAra mahAna vyaktio uddayamAM AvI '--RtyAdi aitihAsika mAnyatA pUrvokta vAkyanA pAyAmAM rahelI che, ane enI satyAsatyatA aitihAsika pramANa upara ja AdhAra rAkhe che. " adhikAribheda, ane adhikAribheda pramANe upadezabheda kalpatAM paNa vastutaH amuka prakAranA adhikArIe kyAre thayA e aitihAsika vicAra Ave che ja. paNa prakRta sthaLe e paNa vicAravA jeve! prazna che ke darzanAnA bheda adhikArInA bhedane anusarIne kevI rIte paDyo che? judAM judAM darzanA judA judA adhikArIne anukUla thAya che e kharU che. ane keTaleka aMze adhikAra dhyAnamAM rAkhI bhinna bhinna upadeza karavAnI rIta ApaNe tyAM dhaNI prAcIna che. paNa gautama kaNAda vagere muni sarvajJa hatA, ane emane upaniSadanA vivartavAda ja abhimata hatA, chatAM jANI-mutrIne ja, amuka amuka jAtanA adhikArIo mATe te te kheATA sidhAntA pratipAdana karyo che ema mAnavuM dudheTa che. anya deza karatAM ApaNA dezanA RSimunie adhika jJAnI hatA; paNa te sarvajJa hatA, ane sarvane eka ja siddhAnta hatA ema mAnavuM te tA e dehI jIvane prakRtinI vividhatA ane prakRtinA tAratamyathI mukta mAnavA jevuM thAya che. adhikArabhede kAI ne pleTanuM tattvajJAna mAdhuka Ave, keAI ne erisTATalanuM Ave, kAI ne hyumanuM

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400 SadarzananI saMkalanA Ave ane keIne kAnTanuM Ave-paNa badhA tattvajJAnIo leTe ja che ke eNrisToTala che, hyuma che ke kAnTa che ema kahevuM jevuM hasavA jevuM che- tevuM ja ApaNuM sarva tattvajJAnIone vivartavAdI zaMkarAcArya karAvavA e paNa hasavA jevuM che. paNa aMdhArAmAM badhI gAyo kALI ja che'! vaLI jo A ja mAnyatA saMpradAyasiddha hota te zaMkarAcArya kapilAdika mATe sakhta zabda vAparavAne badale tathA emanA siddhAntanuM khaMDana karavAne badale ema ja kaheta ke te te siddhAno amuka amuka adhikArIne mATe kapilAdi munioe jyA che-jethI enA adhikArIoe ja e svIkAravA ane anya e cheDI devA. paNa vastutaH kapilAdike pitAne siddhAnta je ke aupaniSada-vedAnta--siddhAnta ho chatAM, jANuM bujhIne nirIzvaravAdAdika siddhAnta upadezyA che evuM koI paNa sthaLe zaMkarAcArye pratipAdana karyuM nathI. vartamAna samayamAM jagatanA bIjA dezethI ApaNA dezane juduM dhAraNu lAgu pADI zakAya ema nathI ane je etihAsika paddhatie anya dezanA mahApuruSa ane emanI kRtio viSe vicAra karavAmAM Ave che, te ja paddhati ApaNuM dezane mATe paNa svatasiddha rIte lAgu paDe che -. chatAM, vartamAna samaye evo AkSepa thAya ane ene javAba devo paDe e, vicArapaddhatinA atyAre sarvamAnya thaelAM satya jANavAmAM paNa anya sudharelA dezethI ApaNe keTalA badhA pachAta chIe e batAve che. kRSNananda sarasvatI nAme eka saMnyAsIe pRthvI pharatI nathI paNa sUrya phare che ema thoDAMka varSa upara bahAra paDelA eka pustakamAM pratipAdana karyuM hatuM- ene uttara devA besanAra khagolazAstrI jevo potAno ane vAcakane vRthA kAlakSepa kare tevo ja kAlakSepa meM prakRta viSayamAM karyo che ema mane thAya che-ane te mATe huM vAcakanI kSamA mAguM chuM. (2) darzanenI utpatti kramika kharI ke nahi? aitihAsika daSTine niSedha te azakya che. paNa meM darzana krama goThavyo che enI viruddha sAMkhyasUtramAMthI UtArA ApI rA. ThAkara kahe cheH A pramANe kSaNikavijJAnavAda, pakSadArthavAda, DizapadArthavAda ke je baddhi, vaizeSika ane nyAyanA che, tene khAsa sUtromAM pUrvapakSa karI khaMDana karyuM che. te have vicAre ke sAMkhyadarzananA samayamAM anya sarva darzana hatAM ke

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SaDradarzananI saMkalanA 401 1 kapa nahI? e ja pramANe sarve darzananAM sUtre tapAsIzuM te jaNAze ke sarve darzanakAre anya darzanene pUrvapakSamAM laI khaMDana karI svamata sthApyo che." tAtparya ke darzanenI utpatti kramika nathI paNa eka kAlAvacchede che. ra. ThAkaranuM A kahevuM sAMpradAyika mAnyatA, aitihAsika pUrAvo ane sAmAnya manuSyajAti traNethI asiddha che ane e bhUla thavAnuM kAraNa e che ke rA. ThAkarane sUtra ane darzanane bheda jANavAmAM nathI; darzananI utpatti jANe sUtranI sAthe ja hoya ema teo samaje che! mane Azcarya lAge che ke "saMpradAya nI ATalI maheTI vAto karanArA gRhastha eTaluM vicAryuM nathI ke ApaNuM sAMpradAyika grantha jene brahmAthI eka ja peDhI dUra ane kada prajApatinA putra kahe che evA kapilamuni (sAMkhyAcArya) te kSaNika vijJAnavAdI bauhathI paNa pAchaLa zI rIte hoI zake? jene mahAbhAratamAM sanakumArAdikanI sAthe "sAMkhyazAstravizArada brahmAnA mAnasa putrI* kahyA che temane bauha kSaNikavijJAnavAdathI paNa avacIna gaNavA enA karatAM sAMpradAyika mAnyatAne vizeSa ghAta che saMbhave? prakRta vicAramAM tattvajJAna darzana ane sUtra evA traNa bheda dhyAnamAM rAkhavAnA che. tattvajJAna te sAmAnya AkAranuM; darzana te vyavasthita tavajJAna; ane sUtra te darzananA siddhAntane pratipAdana karanArAM TUMkAM vA. sAMkhyasUtra nAme je grantha atyAre pracalita che te sAMkhyAcArya kapilane karelo nathI ema mAnavAne eTaluM ja pramANu basa che ke kapilamuni je sAMpradAyika ukti pramANe "Adi vidvAna" ne nAme oLakhAya che-e sarvAnumate sarva darzanakAremAM Adya darzanakAra che. paraMtu A uparAMta bIjA ghaNuM pramANathI sthapAI cUkyuM che ke atyAre vAMcazvarane nAme je *sanaH sanatsujAtazca sanakaH sasanandanaH sanatkumAraH kapila: saptamazca snaatnH| saptaite mAnasAH proktA RSayo brahmaNaH sutaaH| svayamAgatavijJAnA nivRttidharmamAsthitAH / ma. bhA. + " Our Sankhya Sutras, for instance have been proved by Dr. Hall to be not earlier than about 1380 AD, and that they may be even later. Startling as this discovery was, there is certainly nothing to be said against the arguments of Dr. Hall or against those by which Professor Garbe has supported Dr. Hall's discovery." - Prof Mar Muller's Sex Systems of Indian Philosophy.

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402 SadarzananI saMkalana granya jANIto che te IzvarakRNanI sAMkariyA karatAM paNa avAcIna che. zaMkarAcArya anya darzananAM sUtra TAMke che, ane A darzananuM emaNe aneka sthaLe savistara khaMDana karyuM che chatAM koI paNa ThekANe e kapilasUtra TAMkatA nathI. bIjuM, sAMkhyakArika upara vAcaspati mizranI (I. sa. 1150) TIkA che emAM paNa sAMkhyasUtra -(kahevAtA kapilasUtra) nuM avataraNa ApatA nathI. vanasaMghanA kartAe ( I. sa. 1350) paNa sAMkhyadarzananA nirUpaNamAM kapilasUtrane upayoga karyo nathI. A pramANene AdhAre pri. maeNsamUlara vagere pAzcAtya vidvAne ja nahi paNa kAzInA vikhyAta paMDita bAlazAstrI-je emanI abhuta vidyA ane medhA mATe "bAlasarasvatI' evA nAmathI oLakhAtA hatA-emane paNa e ja mata hatuM ema che. meksamUlare jaNAve che. AthI, prAcIna samayamAM kapila munie sAMkhyadarzanamAM sUtra racyAM ja nahotAM ema vivakSita nathI-kadAca upalabdha sAMkhya sUtramAM kapile racelAM keTalAMka sUtra UtarI AvyAM hoya te te azakya nathI. paNa hAlanA sAMkhyasUtramAM anya darzananI siddhAntone ullekha karyo che teTalA uparathI sAMkhya sUtrane kapilanAM racelAM mAnI laI bauddha kSaNikavijJAnavAdane kapilanI pahelAM mUkatAM, ApaNe keTalA badhA granthAne bauddha kSaNikavijJAnavAdanI pAchaLa mUkavA paDe che, ene rA. ThAkarane kAMI ja khyAla nathI. huM e e grantha a gaNavavA mAgato nathI. paNa eTaluM ja kahuM chuM ke etihAsika paddhatine vidveSa na karatAM, kapilamuninA sAMkhyadarzananI utpattine samaya svataMtra rIte vicAravA bese, eTale ene bauddha kSaNikavijJAnavAdanI pAchaLa mUkatAM keTalI muzkelI utpanna thAya che, ane ApaNA prAcIna granthonA atihAsika kramamAM keTalo vilava thaI jAya che e samajavAmAM Avaze. " nanvevamapi tasvasamAsAkhyasUtraiH sahAsyAH SaDadhyAyyAH paunruktymiticenmaivm| sNkssepvistrruupennobhyorpypaunruktyaat| ata eva asyAH SaDadhyAyyA: yogadarzanasyeva sAMkhyapravacanasaMjJA *"The Sankhya Sutras, the composition of which is assigned by Balasastrin to so late a period as the seventeenth century." -Prof. Niat Muller's Six Systems of Indian Philasoply. *vijJAnabhikSanA nIcenA zabdo uparathI che. maeNkasamUlara evuM anumAna kahe che ke vijJAnabhikSane mate paNa sAMkhya (kapila)sava te "sAMkhyatattvasamAsa" thI pachInAM hevAM joIe.

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SadarzananI saMkalana 403 yuktaa| tattvasamAsAkhyahi yat saMkSiptaM sAMkhyadarzanaM tasyaiva prakarSaNAbhyAM nirvacana miti / vizeSastvayam-yataHSaDadhyAyyAM tattvasamAsAkhyoktArthavistaramAtram yogadarzane tvAbhyAmabhyupagamavAdapratiSiddhasyezvarasya nirUpaNena nyUnatAparihAro'pIti / " =" "tavasamAsa" nAmanAM sUtra sAthe A "pAdhyAyI' (kapilasUtra")nI punarukti nathI ? ene uttara ke-nA; ekamAM saMkSepa che, ane bIjAmAM vistAra che, ane e rIte eke nakAmuM nathI. tethI A SaDadhyAyIne-yoga darzananI mAphaka-sAMkhyapravacana' nAma ApavAmAM Ave che e barAbara che. "tattvasamAsa' nAmanuM je saMkSipta sAMkhyadarzana che enuM ja paDadhyAyI ( kapilasUtra) ane gadarzana praka karI ( vistArathI ) nirvacana kare che (tethI "pra + vacana ' saMjJA). be sAMkhyapravacanamAM ( SaDadhyAyI ane gadarzanamAM ) phera eTalo che ke SaDadhyAyI tattvasamAsamAM kahelA padArthone mAtra vistAra ja kare che, ane gadarzanamAM te uparAMta abhyapagamavAde karI " tattvasamAsa mAM Izvarane niSedha karavAmAM Avyo : hate te IzvaranuM nirUpaNa karIne khAmI hatI te dUra karI che. ) tAtparya ke paheluM "tavasamAsa' ane pachI "pAdhyAyI" (kapilasUtra) tathA yogadarzana-ane mULa saMkSepane vistAra, tethI enuM aparanAma sAMkhyapravacana." che. makasamUlara lakhe che ke - " It should also be mentioned that Vijnana Bhikshu, no mean authority in such matters, and even supposed by some to have been himself the author of our modern Sankhya Sutras, takes it for granted that the Tattvasamasa was certainly prior to the Kapila sutras which we possess, for why should he defend Kapil, and not the author of the Tattvasamasa, against the charge of Punarukti or giving us a mere useless repetition ." vijJAnabhikSanA zabdo vAMcatAM che. maeNsamUlaranA anumAnamAM mane ghaNuM baLa lAge che. paNa te sAme eka zAkA rahe che. je vijJAnabhikSune mate tattvasamAsa e paDadhyAyInA paheluM hoya, to tattvasamAsanA kartA

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404 pardarzananI saMkalanA kapilanI paNa pUrve thaI gayA ema vijJAnabhikSunuM kahevuM Thare. kAraNa ke vAdhyAyI kapila bhagavAne upadezI " che. ema vijJAnabhikSu AraMbhamAM ja kahe che. paNa ema hoya to tavasamAsana kartA koNa ? e prazna uThe che. kapila munithI paNa pahelAM sAMkhyane kaI pravartaka ( sAMkhyatattvasamAsane kata) thaI gaye evuM vijJAnabhikSanuM mAnavuM hoya kharuM? saMpradAya viruddhanI AvI mAnyatA vijJAnabhikSune AropatAM AMcake Ave che. tema tatvasamAsamAM, kapila Asuri ane paMcazikha ema paraMparAprApta sAMkhyazAstra paMcazikha thakI pataMjaline prApta thayuM ema spaSTa vacana che eTale tave- samAsa pataMjali pachInuM--ane vizeSe, kapila pachInuM--e khulluM che. tattvasamAsanA A vAkyanuM vismaraNuM paNa vijJAnabhikSamAM saMbhavatuM nathI. ubhaya granthanA kartA eka ja kapilamuni hatA ema kadAca vijJAnabhikSunuM mAnavuM hoya-paraMtu kaI paNuM sUtrakAre Ama bevaDAM sUtra racyAnuM jANyuM che? ekaMdara vicAra karatAM mane to ema lAge che ke vijJAnabhikSanA "nA " zabdano artha karavAmAM che. meksamUlara je kAlikakramanuM paraphatya samaje che e bhUla che. vijJAnabhikSune A zabdathI, mAtra niSNajanatA ja vivikSita hoya ema lAge che-juo ke kamaLapattavarazAta kahe che. niSedhelA paunasaphatyamAM kAlikakramanuM tatva AvatuM hoya te samaye baMnenuM-paraspara--ema kema kahI zakAya ?)--arthAta vyavahArU uparanI daSTie, tattvasamAsa uparAMta A paDadhyAyonuM zuM prayojana che eTale ja emanA pUrvapakSane Azaya che. kAlikakramane laI punarukita upaje che ema pUrvapakSa karavAnuM emanuM tAtparya jaNAtuM nathI. pAdhyAyI tattvasamAsanI pachI thaI evuM vijJAnabhikSunuM mAnavuM hoya te A AcArya ane prakRtasUtrakArane zeLabheLa karIne, paDadhyAyIne kapilanI kahevAmAM emaNe cUka karI che. ane tethI che. mekasamUlaranIjha pUrvokta dalIla mane vAdamAM anukULa che chatAM te huM enI saMdigdhatAnA kAraNathI--ravIkArate nathI, ane tethI vAparate nathI. sAMkhyadarzananI utpatti vakhate anya saM darzane hayAta hatAM ema anumAna karavuM e upara batAvyuM tema saMpradAya tathA aitihAsika pUrAvAthI viruddha che; eTaluM ja nahi, paNa A sAmAnyatA manuSyanI sAmAnya maMtithI paNa viparIta che. save darzane sAthe sAthe pracalita hoya, teTalA uparathI *. maikasamUlara taravaNamAsa nAmanA eka sAMkhya granthane sAMkhyanAM sutra tarIke gaNe che. paNa mane emanuM anumAna zithila lAge che,

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SadarzananI saMkalana 405 ekI vakhate e janma pAmyAM hatAM ema kema kahI zakAya ? jagatamAM koI paNa sthaLe badhAM tattvajJAna ekI vakhate jamyAM jANyAM che? kaI paNuM darzana pUrvanAM badhAM darzane AtyaMtika lopa karIne pravarlDa heya ema banyuM nathI-ane evuM meM kahyuM paNa nathI. paNa mArA bhASaNamAM meM darzane je ataraMga (internal) saMbadha batAve che te rIte emanA utpattikramanuM pauvaparya (historical sequence) vicAramAM baMdha besatuM thAya che, ane itihAsamAM paNa e ja dekhAya che. kemake egadarzananuM svarUpa ja evuM che ke enI pahelAM sAMkhyadarzana utpanna thaeluM hovuM joIe. . ane vastutaH aitihAsika purAvo paNa e siddha kare che. vividha jAtanAM prANIonI dehAkRtimAM antaraMga saMbandha joIne te uparathI DArvine ivolyuzana thiyara" yAne u&maNuvAda pratipAdana karyo-tyArathI sarva jAtanAM prANuonI sRSTi ekI vakhate nahi, paNa eka pachI eka kAlakrame thaelI mAnavAmAM Ave che, ane DArvine je prANuonI sRSTi mATe pratipAdana karyuM te pensara vagere vidvAnoe manuSyasaMskRtinI sarva saMsthAene lAgu pADI batAvyuM che-chatAM, atyAre manuSyajJAnamAM thaelI A agatyanI zodhane avagaNuM sarva prANIone ekI vakhate utpanna thaelAM mAnanAranI mati jeTalI azAstrIya (unscientific) gaNAya, teTalI ja ApaNuM darzanene ekI vakhate utpanna thaelAM mAnanAranI daSTi paNa azAstrIya che-vizeSa azAstrIya, kAraNa ke DArvinanA u&maNuvAdamAM jeTalI etihAsika purAvAnI azakyatA che teTalI darzanenA u&maNavAdamAM nathI. A carcAne aMge keTalIkavAra to rA. ThAkarane hu evA te svayaMprakAza satyathI camakatA jouM chuM ke-emanI sAthe mAre matabheda bahu baLe che ane vivAda nakAme che ema mane lAgyA vinA rahetuM nathI. udAharaNa tarIke rA. ThAkara kahe che -"A pachI che. Anadaza karabhAIe cAga vaizeSika ane nyAyadarzananI utpattine hetuma kahyo che; paNa te sAMkhyadarzananA kramanI peThe uDI jAya che, jethI vizeSa vivecananI jarUra nathI. paNa te pachI dharmabuddhine marmabhedaka lAge tevI vilakSaNa vAta kahI che ke manuSyabuddhie thAkIne pharI kRtinuM zaraNa lIdhu " "pharI" zabda mahetA akSare rA. ThAkare mUkyo che tethI jaNAya che ke e zabda emane bhAre thaI ja koI paNa krama cheka vAMdhA vinAne nathI. ane tethI meM svIkArelA kramamAM kene kAraNasara thoDeka matabheda hoya to enI sAthe mArI lAInathI.

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SadarzananI saMkalana paDyo che. paNa mArA vacanamAM "dharmabuddhine marmabhedaka che e huM samajI zakatA nathI. zrutinI samIpathI zarU karI, zrutithI dUra jaI, pharI zruti pAse che tattvacintana AvIne karyuM--ema be sAMkhya, e nyAya, ane be mImAM sAnAM svarUpa ane kramanuM nirUpaNa karIne mArA bhASaNamAM batAvyuM hatuM. ane upaniSanA samayathI mAMDI gautama buddhanA samayamAMthI pAra thaI, IvIsananA AraMbhakALanI pAse AvatAM sudhI prAcIna bhAratane itihAsa vAMcatAM--koIne paNa jaNAyA vinA rahe ema nathI ke tattvacintananuM A svabhAvadarzana kharUM hevAne ghaNe saMbhava che. chatAM ra. ThAkarane manuSyabuddhi zrutithI dUra gaI eTalI vAta sAMbhaLatAM paNa lebha thatuM hoya te mAruM emane eTaluM ja kahevuM che ke jagatanA itihAsane ApaNuM kSebhanI darakAra" nathI. ra. ThAkara pitAnI mAnyatA darzAvatAM kahe che: "vedane siddha artha te sarve munione mULathI ja maLyo hato, ane te paraMparAgata cAlyo Avato hato. " AnA samarthanamAM ra. ThAkara pramANa Ape che te eTaluM ja ke "vedanuM sAMga adhyayana temanA vedavatasaMskAramAM ja hatuM.' vedavata saMskAramAM e he vAna che, paNa vastutaH "vedano siddha artha paraMparAnugata keTala zeDe cAlyo Avato hate e jANavuM hoya te prathama te yAskamuninA niktamAM noMdhelA matabheda vAMce. vaLI vedanA "sAMga adhyayanamAM hamezAM arthanuM adhyayana AvatuM ema rA. ThAkaranuM dhAravuM hoya te te bhUla che. rAmAnujasaMpradAyamAM te vedavratasaMskAranA "adhyayana' zabdathI "akSararAzigrahaNa" ja samajavAmAM Ave che. kharuM adhyayana arthajJAna vinA nakAmuM che. paNa nakAmI cIje jagatamAM kyAM theDI che? ane te pramANe yAskamuninA pahelAMnA samayamAM paNa adhyayana arthajJAnarahita jovAmAM AvatuM e ATalAthI jaNAze ke e nitakAra- "sthANurayaM bhArahAraH kilAbhUdadhItya vedaM na vijAnAti yo'rtham / yo'rthajJa it sakalaM bhadramazrute nAkameti jJAnavidhUtapApmA // " = je vedanuM adhyayana kare che chatAM vedano artha jANa nathI te bhAra UpADI rAkhanAra thAMbhalo che--je artha jANe che te saghaLuM kalyANa pAme che-ane jJAnathI enAM pApa dhovAIne e svarga lokamAM jAya che." evo manca TAMke che-je, sAMga adhyayanamAM hamezAM arthagrahaNa samAtuM hoya * "evamadhyayanavidhimantravat niyamavadakSararAzigrahaNe paryavasyati' -zrIbhASya WOUL

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darzananI saMkalana 407 te saMbhave nahi. vaLI ATalI dalIle paNa rA. ThAkarane ochI paDatI hoya te huM vedAntasUtra ane zaMkarAcAryanA bhASya tarapha emanuM lakSa kheMcuM chuM. vedAntasUtrakAra sAMkhyanA pradhAna(prakRti)ne ane pradhAnavAdane "sarAH " AnumAni' kahe che. have, je "vedane siddha artha" paraMparAnugata cAlatuM AvatuM hoya ane zrativimukhatA utpanna thaI ja na hoya, to matabheda bhAge saMbha-chatAM je matabheda thAya te vedane A artha khare ke pele artha khare e AkArane ja vivAda thAya. paNa sAMkhya amuka sthaLe "pradhAna artha mAne che e khoTuM che ema na kahetAM, pradhAnavAdane vedAntasUtrakAra "azabda" ane "AnumAnika" kahe che-athata emanA samayamAM "zabda" (zruti) ne bAju para mUkI anumAnanI madadathI sAMkhyo pradhAnakAraNavAda pratipAdana karavA lAgyA hatA e khulluM che. te ja pramANe zrutine pramANu mAnyA chatAM, zrutithI svataMtra rIte nyAya ane vaizeSika darzana pitAnI prakriyA bAMdhatAM hatAM. ane tethI "ziSToe e grahaNa karelAM darzane nathI ema vedAntasUtrakAra tathA bhASyakAra zaMkarAcArya "paterarijhApavidA 3 icAhathAta" ItyAdi sUtra tathA bhASyamAM jaNAve che. vaLI harivazamAM eka sthaLe zivane "kaNAda nuM nAma ApI dakSayajJanA vaMsakatI kahyA che; e sarva pramANe, A samayamAM tarka tarapha manuSyabuddhi DhaLI hatI ema spaSTa batAve che. vaLI, meM jema mImAMsA ane vedAMtane anya darzanethI judAM pADyAM che te ja rIte eka prAcIna granthamAM-parAzara munie--paNa pADyAM cheH " akSapAdapraNote ca kANAde sAMkhyayogayoH tyAH sivihoMDA chuyaeNvAmiH jaiminIye ca dhaiyAse viruddhAMzo na kazcana / zrutyA vedArthavijJAne zrutipAragatau hi tau||" = "akSapAda (gAma) ane kaNAdanAM zAstromAM tathA sAMkhya ane gamAM je kRtiviruddha aMza che te--kRtinuM avalaMbana karanAra janoe tyajavo. zrutivaDe vedanA arthanuM jJAna meLavavAnAM-jaimini ane vyAsanAM zAstromAM kRtiviruddha e kAMI ja bhAga nathI. teoe samasta zruti jANI lIdhelI che." tAtparya ke bIjA cAra darzanamAM tarkajanya kRtiviruddha aMzo AvyA che, paNa te pramANe (pUrva) mImAMsA ane vedAntamAM thayuM * yamAhurekaM puruSaM purAtanaM / * oridanAmAnamAM mahezyAma ! -harivaMza

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408 SadarzananI saMkalanA nathI--kAraNa ke e baMnenA kartA khAsa zrutimAM pAraMgata hatA. A uparAMta mahAbhAratamAM--ta tarapha atizaya DhaLelI, ane emAMthI utthAna pAmI karI vaida pratye vaLatI-- AyakhuddhinAM puSkaLa pramANeA che.* "" * uparanuM lakhAyA pachI mahAmaheApAdhyAya satIzacandra ( kalakattA saMskRta kaeNoNlejanA prinsipAla ) nuM " gautamanyAyasUtra " nuM pustaka bahAra paDayuM che tenA upAddhAtamAM A viSayane lagatAM ghaNAM pramANe e vidvAne ekaThAM karelAM che. e sadhaLAMnA anuvAda na karatAM e upAddhAtane eka paeNregrApha ane TAMkuM chuMH-- "This being the nature of Nyaya or logic at its early stage it was not received with favour by the orthodox community of Brahmans, who, anxious to establish an organised society, had their sole attention to the Samhitas and Brahmanas which treated of rituals, ignoring altogether the portions which have nothing to do with them The sage Jaimini in his MimamsaSutras distinctly says that the Veda having for its sole purpose the prescription of actions, those parts of it which do not serve that purpose are useless We are therefore not surprised to find Manu enjoining excommunication upon those members of the twice-born caste who disregarded the Vedas and DharmaSutras relying upon the support of the Shastra or Logic. Similarly Valmiki in his Ramayana discredits those persons of perverse intellect who indulge in the frivolities of Anviksiki, the science of Logic, regardless of the works of sacred law (DharmaShastra) which they should follow as their guide. Vyasa in Mahabharata, Santiparva, relates the doleful story if a repentant Brahmana who, addicted to Tarka-Vidya (Logic) carried on debates divorced from all faith in the Vedas and was on that account turned into a jackal in his next birth as a penalty. In another passage of the Santiparva, Vyasa was the follower of the Vedanta Philosophy against communicating their doctrine to a Naiyayika or Logician. Vyasa does not care even to review the Nyaya system in the Brahma-Sutra seeing that it has not been recognised by any worthy sage. Stories of infliction of penalties on those given to the study of Nyaya are

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SadarzananI saMkalanA 49 Ama, mi. datta jene 'Rationalistic Age' eTale ke tArkika yuga kahe che temAM hindusthAnanuM tattvaciMtana zrutithI khasI tarka tarapha DhaLyuM hatuM. ema darzAvanArA pUrvAMkata brAhmaNazAstro uparAMta--jaina ane bauddhadharmanAM pustakAmAM tathA emanA vistAra saMbandhI itihAsamAM agaNita pramANe maLe che. chatAM rA. ThAkarane mArUM nirUpaNu zA mATe navIna ke AzcaryakAraka lAge che e huM samajI zakatA nathI. " [ vasanta, mArgazIrSa, saM. 1970 ] related in the Skanda Purana and other works, and in the Naisadhacharita we find Kali Satirising the founder of Nyaya Philosophy as "Gotama" the most "bovine" among sages." manuSyanA ApaNA zAstrakArI kahe che ke satya--kali vagere yugA antamAM ja rahelA che ane tethI kaliyugamAM satyayugI manuSya hAI zake. chatAM, sAmAnya rIte janasamAjamAM te te yugamAM kaivI vRttio pravarte che e vicArIne teoe yugavibhAga karyAM che. te ja pramANe ane tArkika yugamAM sarve kAI jana tarkane zaraNe thaI gayA hatA ema kahevAnuM tAtparyaM nathI--mAtra janasamAjanI vRttionA mukhya valaNu uparathI A nAma ApyuM che. itihAsanA granthA kevI vivakSAthI lakhAya che e jANanAra kAI samaju mANasane A samajAvavuM paDe ema nathI. tathApi bhrAntinuM ane vivAdanuM dvAra taddana baMdha karavA mATe khulAsA viSNumAM karUM chu, pUra

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10 kapila nirIzvaravAdI hatA ke kema ? 11 kapila nirIzvaravAdI hatA ke kema ? ' " rA. ThAkara ane mArI vacce trIjo matabheda--kapila ane gautamamuni nirIzvaravAdI haze ke kema e prazna saMbanyuM che, mArA pratipAdanane khATuM pADavA rA. ThAkara kapilanAM kahevAtAM sAMkhya sUtramAMthI khvAliH ' ityAdi vacana TAMke che. ane sAmAnya brAhmaNazAstrone AdhAre gautamabudda sAme yatheccha AkSepa kare che. have, A baMne viSaya upara huM AvuM chuM. kapilanAM kahevAtAM sUtra te sAMpyazAstranA Adya grantha nathI kha ghaNA arvAcIna grantha che ema puSkaLa pramANane AdhAre huM gayA lekhamAM batAvI gayA chuM. eTale e granthane avalakhIne mULa sAMdhyadarzanane nirIzvaravAdI TharAvavAnA prayatna niSphaLa jAya che. huM ATaluM ja kahIne aTakuM te paNa rA. ThAkaranA AkSepanA te uttara thaI jAya. paraMtu AraMbhanI bhUmikAmAM meM jaNAvyuM che tema, mArA uddeza jeTaleA rA. ThAkarane uttara ApavAne nathI, teTalA A viSaya upara--gUjarAtI vAcaka mATe--adhika prakAza pADavAnA che. tethI huM rA. hAkara AgaLa tema ja vAcaka gaLa thADAka UtArA raju karUM chuM. (1) pahelA UtArA huM. sAMpyasUtranA--rA. ThAkara jene kapilasUtra mAne che ane jene AdhAre mArA upara AkSepa kare che--te ja sAMkhyasUtra nA bhASyakAra vijJAnabhikSunA granthamAMthI ApuM chuM. rr jJAna syAdetat-nyAyavaizeSikAbhyAmantrAvirodho bhavatu; mImAMsAyogAbhyAM tu virodho'styeva tAbhyAM nityezvara sAdhanAt, atra cezvarasya pratiSidhyamAnatvAt / na cAtrApi vyAvahArikapAra mArthikabhedena sezvaranirIzvaravAdayoravirodho'stu, sezvaravAdasyIpAsanAparatvasaMbhavAditivAcyam / vinigamakAbhAvAt / Izvaro hi durjJeya iti nirIzvaratvamapi lokavyavahAra siddhamaizvaryavairAgyAyAnughAdituM zakyate, AtmanaH saguNatvamiva; na tu kApi zrutyAdAvIzvaraH sphuTaM pratiSidhyate, yena sezvaravAdasyaiva vyAvahArikattramavadhAryata iti /

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kapila nirIzvaravAdI hatA ke kema? 411 atrocyate-atrApi vyavahAraparamArthabhAvenaiva vyavasthA saMbhavati 'asatyamapratiSThaM te jagadAhuranIzvaram ' - ityAdizAkhairnirIzvaravAdasya ninditatvAt / asminnaiva zAkhe vyAvahArikasyaivezvarapratiSedhasyaizvaryavairAgyAdyarthasyaumanuvAdacityAt / yadi hi laukAyatika matAnusAreNa nityaizvarya na pratiSidhyeta tadA paripUrNa-nityanirdoSaizvaryadarzanena tatra cittAvezato vivekAbhyAsapratibandhaH syAditisAMkhyAcAryANAmAzayaH / sezvaravAdasya na kApi nindAdikamasti yenopAsanAdiparatayA tacchAsraM saMkocyeta / 2 ... ... tasmAdabhyupagamavAda - prauDhivAdAdinaiva sAGkhyasya vyAvahArikezvarapratiSedhaparatayA brahmamomAMsAyogAbhyAM saha na virodhaH / bhAvA kadAca Ama kahevAmAM Ave (pUrvapakSa) ke bhale nyAya ane vaizeSika sAthe sAMkhyazAstranA avirAdha Thare,* paNa brahmamImAMsA ane ceAganI sAthe te enA virAdha che ja. kAraNa ke, e e zAstra nitya Izvara siddha kare che. ane atre (sAMkhyamAM) te zviranA pratiSedha karavAmAM AvyA che. tame kahezeA ke ahIM paNa vyAvahArika ane pAramArthika evA bhede karI, sezvaravAda ane nirIzvaravAda ( sezvaravAda, vyAvahArika; ane nirIzvaravAda, pAramArthika. ) vacce avirAdha TharAvI zakAze, eTale sezvaravAda upAsanA arthe che. paratu ema nahi kahevAya. kAraNa ke e e sezvara ane nirIzvaravAdamAMthI vyAvahArika kayA ane pAramArthika kayeA e nakkI thaI zakatuM nathI. ema paNa kahI zakAya ke SThira durreya (jANavA kaThaNu) che te kArathI, arthAt Izvara nathI ema nathI paNa enuM svarUpa jANavuM kaThaNu che te kAraNathI, leAka----vyavahAradaSTie nirIzvaravAdanA anuvAda karyo che. vyavahAra-daSTie AtmAnuM saguNatva pratipAdana karavAmAM Ave che e rIte, ane--te evA hetuthI ke zvaranuM aizvarya joI jIvane emAM Asakti thavAnA saMbhava che te na thAya. kAIpaNa ThekANe zruti vagerethI IzvaranA skruTa pratiSedha karyo nathI, ke jethI sezvaravAda e mAtra vyAvahArika dRSTie che ema nizcaya karI zakAya. AnA uttara ( uttarapakSa )H----atre paNa vyavahAra ane paramArtha bhAve karIne ja vyavasthA saMbhave che kAraNa ke attattvamatipuM te baLavAnnuranI* A UtArAnI pahelAM e carcA thaI che. juvA A pustakamAM 'bahUdarzananI saMkalanA'

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kAra kapila nirIzvaravAdI hatA ke kema? zvara" (bha.gI.) -"AsurI saMpatavALA pura jagatane asatya, nirAdhAra, ane Izvararahita pratipAdana kare che"--ItyAdi zAstranAM vacana thakI nirIzvaravAdanI nindA karavAmAM AvI che. tethI IzvaranA dutvanA kAraNathI vyavahArarItie je prativedha karavAmAM Ave che tene ja ane te aizvarya pratye vairAgya upaje te hetuthI-atre sAMkhyazAstra anuvAda (punarvacana) kare che ema mAnavuM ja ucita che. (sAMkhya-zAstra paramArthataH Izvarane pratiSedha karatuM nathI.) je laukAtika (cArvAka) matane anusarI nitya ezvarya (IzvaramAM rahetA aizvarya) ne pratiSedha karavAmAM na Ave te paripUrNanitya-ane nirdoSa evuM-IzvaranuM aizvarya jeIemAM citta Aso thAya, ane viveka abhyAsamAM pratibandha thAya ema sAMkhya AcAryone Azaya che. sezvaravAdanI kaI paNa ThekANe nindA vagere nathI, ke jethI sezvaravAda upAsanA arthe ja che ema mAnI e saMbadhI zAstrane sAMkaDA arthamAM levuM paDe. mATe, alyupagamavAda ane prauDhivAde karIne ja sAMkhyazAstra vyAvahArika Izvarane pratiSedha kare che. eTale brahmamImAMsA ane yoga sAthe ene virodha nathI. [sAMkhyapravacanabhASyamAM vijJAnabhikSanI bhUmikA (2) vijJAnabhikSunA sAMkhyapravacanabhASyamAMthI bIje UtAre ayaM cezvarapratiSedha ekadezinAM prauDhivAdenaiveti prAgeva pratipAditam / anyathA hIzvarAbhAvAdityevAcyeta / bhAvArtha-A Izvarane pratiSedha ekAdazInA (sAMkhyAnusArI ghaNumAMnA keTalAkanA) prauDhivAdane laIne che ema pUrva batAveluM ja che. ema na hota to phaizcarAti-Izvara siddha thaI zakato nathI ema na kahetAM, zyAmAvati-Izvara nathI ema ja kaheta." [kapilane nirIzvaravAda che ema siddha karavA rA. ThAkare TAMkelA pradhAna-sUtra "zcA riti-upara sAMkhya-bhASyakAranuM bhASya ! ] (3) trIjo UtAre e ja granthakAranA brahmasUtrabhASyamAMthI ApuM chuM - "nanvevaM kapilasmRteH kimaprAmANyameva tathA codAhRtavAkyapirodhaH, na; sAvakAzatvAt pacAnirAkartavyakumImAMsakAnAmIzva. rapratiSedhasyAbhyupagamayAdena kapilasmRtyupapatteH IzvarapratipeSakutakA

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kapila nirIzvaravAdI hatA ke kema ? 43 api pArakyA eva, tuSyatu durjana iti nyAyena prauDhyA sAMkhyairanUcanta iti| kimartha punaH kumatAbhyupagamavAda: sAMkhye kRtaH ? ucyate; yadi kazcit kumImAMsaka ApAtato vedAntAnAM kAryabrahma paratvadarzanAnnityaM brahma nAbhyupagacchati ca brahmavidhAyAH kArya brahmalokAtiriktaM phalaM, tadA tasyezvaramanabhyupagacchato'pi kapiloktaSivekakhyAtereva mokSo bhavatIti prtipaadyitumiti| idaM ca pUrvasUtrasthAdAyaprasaGgazadvAllabhyate sAMkhyasmRteryathoktA ghakAzAbhAve hi pUrvapakSe prasaGgazabdo vyarthaH syAdu yadi cAbhyupagama pAdena bauddhAdimatAnuSAdaparatA kapilasya nocyate tdaa| paJcaviMzo'bhimanyeta nAnyo'sti parato mama / anyonyatrAntarAtmA'sti yaH sarvamanupazyati // iti mokSadharma sAMkhyAnAM nityezvaropadezo nopapadyeta, nopapadheta ca evaM SaDizakaM prAhuH zarIramiha mAnavAH // sAMkhya saMkhyAtmakatvAcca kapilAdibhirucyate // iti mAtsyAdiSu kapilasyApi SaDizAntargatezvarAbhyupagamayacanamiti / etena paramArthavAdAbhyupagamavAdAbhyAM sezvaranirIzvaravibhAgaprasiddhiH sAMkhyAnAM vyaakhyaataa|" - bhAvArtha "kapilaskRti-arthAta sAMkhyadarzana nirIzvaravAdI che eTale se mapramANa 42za. mane mebha re to "RSi prasUtaM kapilaM yastamaye jJAnabibharti'tyAhira zruti pilane jAnathA maretA saNAve cha-tanI sAthe virodha Ave. A zaMkAne uttara e ke kapilaskRtine bIjI rIte avakAza che. te A rIte-pAchaLathI je duSTa bhImAsanuM khaMDana karavAnuM che teo Izvarane je pratiSedha kare che te abhyapagamavAda thakI kapilasmRtimAM * je be smRti vacce virodha AvatuM hoya, te bemAMthI je smRtine apramANu mAnavAthI e taddana ukhaDI jatI hoya tene pramANa mAnavI; ane bIjI jene eka rIte apramANa mAnavA chatAM paNa bIjI rIte pramANu mAnavAne avakAza raheto hoya tene thoDAka aMzamAM apramANa mAnavAmAM bAdha nathI. kAraNa ke jene saMpUrNa nAza thaI jatA hoya tene ja bacAvavAnI ApaNI pharaja che.

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414 kapila nirIzvaravAdI hatA ke kema? kabUla karyo che. e rIte samajavAthI kapilasmRtinI upapatti thAya che. Izvara pratiSadharUpI kutarko sAMkhyanA peAtAnA nathI paNa pArakA--duSTa mImAMsakanA che, enA 'tujjatu punaH'durjananuM heA kALu' e nyAye prauDhivAde karI, sAMkhyA anuvAda kare che. tame pUchaze! ke AvA duSTa matanA sAMkhyamAM zA mATe svIkAra karyAM? te ene uttara ke tema karavAnuM kAraNa che. duSTa mImAMsaka, vedAntanAM vAkayeAne upara uparathI joI ne ema mAne ke emAM kAryaM brahma devatAonAM svargAdi leAka--nuM ja pratipAdana che ane tethI nitya brahma nathI, ane brahmavidyA thakI kAryabrahmanI pAra kAMI prApta karavAnuM nathI; ane A rIte zvarane e na svIkAre; teApaNu kapile je viveka khyAti banAvI che te vaDe karIne, e nirIkSaravAdI duSTa mImAMsaka pazu kAIka dahADA mekSa pAme evA hetuthI enI vAta svIkArI che ( vAstavika rIte e nirIzvaravAda sAMkhyanA mata che ema na samajavuM. ) vaLI A vAta smRyayajArAyoSaprasaTrAvitti cainna abhyasmUcanavArAtoSaprasajJAt'~e sUtramAM pahelA bhAgamAM je ' prasa' zabda che temAMthI nIkaLe che. sAMkhyasmRtine upara kahyuM tema vastutaH anIzvaravAdI mAnavAthI e niravakAza thaI jAya che. ane ema thAya che, te pachI niravakAza thavAnA prasaMga Ave che ema 'prasaMga'-zabda vAparavAnuM kAraNa ja e che ke vastutaH e niravakAza thatI nathI, abhyapagamavAde karIne ja eNe zvaranA pratiSedha karyAM che ema nA karavAthI e sAvakAza pharI zake che. ) nirIzvaravAda pratipAdana karavAmAM kapila mAtra bauddhAdi satanA anuvAda ja kare che, vastutaH emane e mata nathI ema jo na kahIe te vac viMzo'bhimanyeta nAnyo'sti paramo mama / anyonyatrAntarAtmA'sti caHvamanupati'' pacIsamu tattva je purUSa te ema abhimAna kare ke mArI pAra bIjo kAI nathI ! paNa vastutaH enA uparAMta eka bIjo antarAbhA( paramAtmA )che je saghaLuM juve che, " ema mahAbhAratamAM mekSadharma parvamAM, sAMkhyA nityezvara mAne che. ema kaheluM che--e baMdha na mese, ane vaLI evaM paGkSazakaM procuH zarIramiha mAnavAH sAMkhyaM saMkhyAtmakatvAcca kapilAdibhirucyate /

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kapila nirIzvaravAdI hatA ke kema? 415 ane manuSyo A zarIramAM eka chavIsamuM tava-paramAtmA-rahelo che ema kahe che. ene kapilAdika sAMkhya kahe che, kAraNa ke e saMkhyAtmaka che.ema matsyapurANa vageremAM kapila chavIsamuM tattva-Izvara svIkAre che ema je kahyuM che te paNa baMdha na bese." [vijJAnabhikSukRta brahmasUtrabhASya-vijJAnAmRta] A rIte, paramArtha ane abhyapagamavAda ema be judI judI rIte IzvaravAda ane nirIzvaravAda sAMkhyo mAne che ema samajavuM. Ama sAMkhyasUtra vastutaH anIzvaravAdI nathI ema sAMkhyabhASyakArane spaSTa mata che. chatAM prAcIna paddhati mATe ATale Agraha darzAvanAra rA. ThAkara e pratye kema AMkha mIce che e huM samajI zakato nathI. "zvarasiddhiHevuM eka sAMkhyasUtra che ane sAMkhyazAstra sAmAnya rIte nirIzvaravAdI gaNAya che- ATalI vAta A zAstranI bArAkhaDI jANanArane paNa suvidita che. chatAM, jyAre tattvadarzananA siddhAntanuM cintana karavAnA khAsa meLAvaDAmAM e vAtathI ulaTa mata pradarzita karavAmAM Ave, tyAre vadhAre UMDA jaI tapAsa karavAne prasaMge upasthita thAya che eTaluM rA. ThAkare samajavuM joIe. e kartavya samajI rA. ThAkaranI pharaja hatI ke siddhapuranA brahmavRnda AgaLa cAra mahine pite belavA UbhA thayA che te vakhate "phuNyatiH " evuM sUtra TAMkIne lokone bhrAntimAM na nAkhavA, paNa e sUtra nIce bhASyakAra zuM kahe che e jaNuvavuM, ane pitAmAM sAmarthya heya te e bhASyakArane mata khe che ema pramANapura sara siddha karavuM. Ane ja samaju mANase prAmANika ane zAstrIya vAdapaddhati samaje che. bAkI, sAmAne bene be cAra jevI sAdI vAtonuM ajJAna ApI, pachI e ajJAna TALavAne ADaMbara karavuM e to kevaLa ajavALAmAM dIvo pheravavA jevo-hasavA jevo-dekhAva thAya che! adhika zuM kahevuM? meM upara jaNuvyuM tema A lekhano udeza rA. ThAkarane uttara devAne nathI. jeo prAcIna TIkAkAra sivAya bIjuM pramANa jANatA nathI temane nittara karavA mATe te pUrvokta sakhyabhASyakAranAM vacana pUratAM che. paNa mane pitAne e basa thatAM nathI, ane TIkAkAranI madada vinA svatantra rIte artha nirNaya karavAnA AjanA jamAnAmAM koIne mATe e basa thavAM na joIe. ane te ja kAraNathI yurepiana paMDita sAMkhyabhASyakAranA vyAkhyAnane tiraskAra karI sakhyazAstrane nirIzvaravAdI kahevAnI sAmAnya

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416 kapila nirIzvaravAdI hatA ke kema? - bhUlamAM joDAya che. paraMtu kharI vAta e che ke-- jo ke sAMkhyabhASyakAre sUtrakAranA Azaya batAvyeA che te kRtrima che, tathApi e bhASyakArane sAMkhyazAstranA itihAsanuM eka mhAnuM satya hAtha lAgyuM che; ane te e ke sAMkhyadarzana mULa nirIzvaravAdI na hatuM. itihAsanA jJAnanA abhAve vijJAnabhikSue, sAMkhyazAstranA e yuga pADavA joI e tene badale, vyAvahArika' ane pAramArthika'~ abhyupagamavAda ' ane ' paramArthavAda 'evAM sAMkhyazAstranAM e svarUpa kapyAM. paNa e kalpanAnAM mULamAM upara kahyuM te aitihAsika satya raheluM che. A ja aitihAsika satyamAMthI, e kapila thaI gayA ' "C * eka agninA avatAra, ane khIje nArAyaNanA avatAra. vecanarAma zarmA nAmanA kAzInA eka samartha paMDita sAMkhyakArikAnA TippaNamAM kahe cheH-- sutradhyAyI tu vaizvAnarAvatAra bhagavatkapilapraNItA; iyaMtudvAviMzatisUtrI tasyA api vIjabhRtA nArAyaNAvatAra mhrssibhgvtkpirumaLItetti vRddhA:" "arthAt sAMkhyasUtrane nAme eLakhAtI SaDadhyAyI te agninA avatAra kapile karelI; ane bAvIsasUtrane tattvasamAsa nAmane grantha je e vAdhyAyInA khIjarUpa che e nArAyaNanA avatAra kapile karelA che--ema vRddhajane kahe che. Ama be kapilanI sAMpradAyika mAnyatAmAM sAMkhya zAstranAM e svarUpAnuM smaraNa rahyuM jaNAya che. bAkI te zivAya vastutaH e kapila--eka sezvaravAdI ane eka nirIzvaravAdI thayA haze ema mAnavAne kAMI khAsa pramANa maLatuM nathI. atre je 'tattvasamAsa' nAmanA grantha kahyo che te paNa je ke prasiddha sAMkhyasUtra'nA jevA nirIzvaravAdI nathI, tathApi emAM IzvaranA astitvanuM pratipAdana paNa nathI. eTale e e granthAne pazu upara kahelAM sAMpthazAstranAM e atihAsika svarUpeAnA pratipAdaka tarIke sevAnA nathI. ' " sAMkhyatattvasamAsa ' ne-- sAMkhyasUtra' nI mAkaka ja mULa kapilanA sAMkhyanuM svarUpa nakkI karavAmAM huM nirNAyaka grantha mAnatA nathI. kAraNa ke e grantha paNa spaSTa rIte arvAcIna cheH mULa sAMkhyAcArya kapilane race nathI. AnI khAtarI karavA huM vAcakane mAtra nIcenA UtArA upara STipharavavA vinaMti karuM chuM: 3. (2) " iha kazcida brAhmaNa strividhena duHkhenAbhibhRtaH sAMGkhyAcAryakapila maharSizaraNamupAgataH / svakulanAmagotrasvAdhyAyaM nive

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kapila nirIzvaravAdI hatA ke kema? 417 maha atyAdharavAdI kahe che. sAme pakSa vadhA evI sAMpradAyika mAnyatA janma pAmI haze ema lAge che. A sUkSma satya ApaNu darzanagranthanuM jUja jJAna dharAvanAra yuropiyana vidvAnanA jANuvAmAM nathI; kadAca haze te saMpradAyanI taddana avagaNanA karanAra e vidvAnene e gaLe UtaratuM nathI. Ama hovAthI ghaNuM kharA yurepiyana vidvAne -balake atyAre mane smaraNa che te pramANe te saghaLA yurepiyana vidvAne - sAMkhyazAstrane nirIzvaravAdI kahe che. paNa e sava vidvAnane eka pakSamAM mUkIe te paNa jenA ekanA vacanathI sAme pakSa vadhAre vajanadAra Thare evA gaMbhIra ane vizALa vidyA dharAvanArA ApaNuM aditIya vidvAna DaoN. sara rAmakRSNa bhAMDArakara sAMkhyazAstranA itihAsamAM prAcIna ane navIna evA be yuga mAne che ane emane pUrva yuga sezvaravAdI ane uttarayuga nirIzvaravAdI hato ema kahe che. emanA A ja varSe prasiddha thaelA "Encyclopaedia of 'Indo-Aryan Research' 417411 yAdsHHA! Vaisnavism, Saivism and Minor Religious Systems" nAmanA pustakamAMnA nIcenA zabdo vAMcoH "Uttama Purus'a or the Supreme Soul, which is not found is the later Sankhya . ... ... But the word Sankhya does not seem to be used in the Bhagavadgita to indicate the non-therstic system... out of it grew the non-theistic system of later times." (mahatvanA zabdo upara dhyAna kheMcavA ITAlika meM mUkyA che.) A zabdo thakI mArI mAnyatAne evI adbhuta puSTi maLI che ke e sAme je je AkSepa thAya te sAme have nirbhayatAthI UbhA rahI zakAze. cAha / 'bhagavan kimiha paraM, kiM yAthAtathyaM kiM kRtvA kRtakRtyaH miniA piSTa thAva "vAthavidhi ..." (2) evaM tAvatsAGkhyAcAryAH kapilAsuripazcazikhaprabhRtayo bahUn puruSAn varNayanti / vedAntavAdina AcAryAH hrihrvyaarAjaya pAmelAmA carita.......... (A pachI vedAntamAM mAnelA paramAtmAnAM pratipAdaka puSkaLa vacane TAMkyAM che. TAMkIne enuM khaMDana karyuM nathI e dhyAnamAM levA jevuM che.) uparanA UtArAnI bhASA tamane kayA yuganI lAge che? "sAMkhyAcArya kapila Asuri paMcazikha prabhUti" e sAMkhyAcAryone ullekha je UpalA pa3

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kapila nirIzvaravAdI hatA ke kema? chevaTe vAcakanI kSamA yAcI. A sabandhI mArA peAtAnA vicAra kevI rIte baMdhAyA e atre jaNAvuM chuM. mane kAI ke--kANe e atyAre mane ceAkasa yAda nathI paNa ghaNuM karIne pacIsa varSa upara eka dhuraMdhara paDitavayeM kaheluM ke carApti:' e sAMkhyasUtranuM tAtparya IzvaranA pratiSedha karavAnuM nathI, paNa Izvara siddha thaI zakatA nathI, eTaluM ja pratipAdana karavAnuM che. paraMtu A mAnyatA te vakhate mane kAlakalpita lAgelI. tyArapachI kAzInA prasiddha pa`Dita zirAmaNi mAlazAstrInA eka vAdalekhamAM ( I. sa. 1866 nuM paDita' patra) nIcenA zabdo mArA vAMcavAmAM AvyA H---- phaTa t tatra yadyapi sAkhyazAstrasya puruSArthatatsAdhanIbhUta prakRtipurupavivekakhyAtereva pratipAdane mukhyatAtparyasya sattvenezvarAsiddherityAdIzvarapratiSedhaprakaraNasya vivekajJAtapratibandhanirAsArthamaizvarya vairAgyAyaivAbhyupagamavAdaprauDhivAdAdinaivezvarapratiSedhakatAyAH sAMkhyabhASye'sakRta suvyaktamuktatvena sUtrasyAsiddhipadasvArasyena ca yatparaH zabda iti nyAyena tardaze tasyAbhyupagamavAdatvakalpane'pi tadbhAvena paramezvarasavopagamo'pi na dunoti sAMkhyatantrAnuyAyinastathApi yathAzrutArthagrAhiNAmarvAgrahazAM santoSAya saMkSepato nirIzvaravAda upapAdyate / " khIjA UtArAmAM bevAmAM Ave che e kapilamunie peAte ja karelA hAya ema mAnyAmAM Ave che? A granthakAra vedAntavAdIemAM vyAsanA paNa ullekha kare che e jotAM e vyAsathI paNa arvAcIna nathI ? vaLI e granthamAM prazna: vimAnAni jhunaiH mnani sarvarAH / ahaGkAravimUDhAtmA kartAhamiti manyate // ityAdi zrImadbhagavadgItAnAM aneka vacaneA TAMkyAM che e jotAM te grantha zrImadbhagavadgItAthI spaSTa rIte arvAcIna raeN che, ane kapilamuni bhagavagItA (jemAM siddhAnAM pichI muniH' evuM vacana Ave che) karatAM prAcIna ; gautamabuddha karatAM prAcIna che ( gautamabudgha kapilavAstumAM janmyA hatA ); ane ApaNAM purANA eka avAje emane thahmA manu vagerenI pAsa mUke che--eTalI prAcInatA ApaNe na svIkArIe tathApi e gautama muhu, ane bhagavadgItAkArathI prAcIna che emAM te sandeha nathI ja, eTaluM emane 'namamAsa' nA kI mAnatAM spaSTa Adha Ave che.

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kapila nirIzvaravAdI hatA ke kema? 419 bhAvArtha -"sAMkhyazAstranuM mukhya tAtparya, puruSArtha ane puruSArthanuM sAdhana je prakRti-puruSa vacce vivekakhyAti, tenuM pratipAdana karavAnuM che; ane tethI "risiddha ityAdi IzvaranA pratiSedhanuM je prakaraNa che te vivekajJAnanA pratibaMdhakane dUra karavA mATe, aizvarya pratye vairAgya UpajAvavA mATe, abhyapagamavAda ane prauDhivAde karIne ja che ema sAMkhyabhASyamAM vArevAra bahu spaSTatAthI kahevAmAM AvyuM che. ane " rAti' e sUtramAM je asiddhi'-pada che te khAsa tAtparyapUrvaka mukela che (nathI ema nahi, paNa siddha thaI zakato nathI-arthAta duya-juvo upara sAMkhyapravacana bhASyanAM vacane jene mAlazAstrI atre ullekha kare che.) ane tethI je mukhya pratipAdana karavAnuM hoya te ja vastumA e vacananuM prAmANya mAnavuM ane bAkIne viSaya abhyapagamavAde karIne pratipAdana karyo che ema kalpanA karavI. A rIte artha karatA, sAkhyazAstramAM paramezvara che ema mAnavAthI e zAstranA anuyAyIone kAMI hAni nathI. tathApi yathAzrata-zabdazaH artha grahaNa karanArA avaguM (pAchalI vA UtaratI) daSTivALAnA saMtoSa mATe saMkSepamAM nirIzvaravAdanI u5patti karavAmAM Ave che." [ I. sa. 1866 nu kAzavidyAsudhAnidhi (paMDita)] ane ene sAMkhyapravacanabhASyane AdhAra che ema mArA jANavAmA AvyuM. paraMtu teTalAthI zArIrakabhASya, sarvadarzanasaMgraha vagera ghaNuM anuvAdaka granthanI, tema ja e ja pramANuthI baMdhAelA yurepiyana vidvAnanA matanI mArA mana upara je chApa paDI hatI te badalAI nahi. daramiyAna "Izvara nathI" ane "Izvara siddha thaI zakatuM nathI" e be vacana vacce kevo gaMbhIra ane vAstavika bheda che e pAzcAtya philasupha kAra spensaranA tattvajJAnanA abhyAsathI bhArA jANavAmAM AvyuM ane te vakhatathI phuggaphira" nI je vyAkhyA meM pUrve sAbhaLI hatI te yathArtha che ema ane pratIti thaI. chatAM paNa sAkhyasUtranA kartA sezvaravAdI haze ema mane khAtarI thaI nahi. paraMtu sAkhyabhASyakAranu kahevu nirAdhAra nahi hoya evA vizvAsathI sAMkhyazAstrane itihAsa me ukelavA mADyo, ane ApaNuM prAcIna granthAmAM jyAM jyAM sAMkhyanuM nirUpaNa ane sAkhyanA ullekha che tyAM tyAM vizeSa manana karatA mane jaNAyu ke pataMjalinu sAkhya sezvaravAdI che, eTaluM ja nahi, paraMtu kapilanA sAMkhyamAM paNa ekadeza sezvaravAdano che, ane te nirIzvaravAda karatAM june che, ane A je nirIzvaravAda che te

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20 kapila nirIzvaravAdI hatA ke kema? upaniSamAMthI amuka brAtie karIne tema ja kALabaLane lIdhe janma pAmyo che. 1903-4 nA arasAmAM thaelo A nizcaya 1904-5 (sa. 1960 -61) nA vasantamAM meM manda manda rIte prakaTa karyo. chevaTe, be varSa upara siddhapuranI zaMkarajayantImAM meM e spaSTa rIte bahAra mUko. temAM paNa "AgaLa jatAM sAMkhyadarzananAM pustakomAM e anIzvaravAdanuM samarthana karavAmAM AvyuM." "kapila bhagavAnane e Azaya nahi hoya."--ema "heya ' zabda AvA gUMcavaNabharelA ane matabhedanA avakAzavALA viSayamAM sAmA mata mATe je bhAna rAkhavuM joIe te mAna rAkhI vAparyo hato. De. bhAMDArakaranuM A varSe prasiddha thaeluM pustaka vAMcyA pachI huM mArA nirNayanI yathAthatA mATe vadhAre prabaLa ane daDha Agraha dharAvI zakuM chuM. A saMbandhI keTaluMka "kapila ane sAMkhyazAstra" evA svatantra viSayanirdezathI-vAdavivAdanA paMkanI bahAra nIkaLI-AgaLa upara huM lakhavA IcchuM chuM. hAla ATaluM basa che. te paNa A lekha samApta karatAM karatAM sAMkhyazAstra mULa nirIzvaravAdI nahotuM eTaluM ja nahi paNa spaSTa sezvaravAdI hatuM ema siddha karavA mATe eka khAsa aitihAsika vastusthiti darzAvanAra eka ja pramANa raju karI lauM chuM. mahAbhArata, bhAgavata, sAMkhyatattvakaumudI, sAMkhyatattvasamAsa Adi granthAne AdhAre eka vAta sarvAnumate manAya che ke sAMkhyazAstramAM kapilaziSya Asuri ane AsurinA ziSya paMcazikha hatA... A paMcazikha mATe mahAbhAratamAM kahyuM che ke e "paMcarAtrImAM kuzaLa hatA - " AsureH prathama ziSyaM yamAhuzcirajIvinam / paJcasrotasi niSNAtaH paJcarAtravizAradaH / vzca: va vzcana parivAra mRtaH" ane paMcarAtra e spaSTa nArAyaNanAmathI IzvaravAdI che, vyAsasUtrathI prAcIna che, ane prAcIna bhAgavata dharmanuM pratipAdaka che-e sarvavidita ane sAmAnya che. eTale kapilamuninA sezvarasAMkhyane saMpradAya paMcazikhanA upadezamAM vartamAna ne ema etihAsika pramANathI spaSTa siddha thAya che. [vasana, phAlsana, vasaMta 1970] ka naka - + - aba nA - "kapilAya mahAmunaye zipyAya tasya caasurye| paMcazivAya vara (cittAna) nAma: "

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gautama buddha nirIzvaravAdI ke sezvaravAdI? karA 12 gaitama buddha nirIzvaravAdI ke sezvaravAdI ? mArA siddhapura-jayantInA bhASaNamAM gautama buddha saMbandhI prasaMgApAtta me karelA ullekha saMbandhI TIkA karatAM rA. ThAkara kahe che.-~-~~ tr bauddhonA saya kSanika kSani, durNa kuNuM, vALa vahakSI sabhya sabhya e siddhAnta che. eTale Izvara paNa kSaNika, duHkharUpa, vyaktirUpa, zUnyarUpa thAya. A svarUpa mAnavAmAM jo Izvaratva AvI zakatuM hAya te| preA AnaMdazaMkarabhAInA mate temanA bauddha bhagavAna izvaravAdI thAya ! paNa je bauddha matamAM sarva vyakti svataMtra che, ane eka bIjApara sattAnA tilaprAya avakAza nathI, tyAM sarvezvara, sarva zaktimAna, sarvAMnta*mI evuM IzvarasvarUpa kyAM rahI zake te saheja lakSamAM ANI zakAvA jevuM che. A pramANe yuddhanA siddhAntathI IzvaravaOA niSedha thAya che, tenI sAthe ja vedanA paNa niSedha ja thAya che. kAraNake vaida siddAntanI sAthe temanA siddhAntanA jarA paNa sparza thatA nathI. tema meAkSa svarUpa mAnyatA paNa bhinna heAvAthI sAdhana mAtrane Agraha sAdhyanA niSedhanA arthamAM levAye' ema nathI. paNa bauddhatu jevuM svarUpa che tevuM ja mAnavAmAM Avyu che. " ( mhoTA akSara rA. ThAkaranA kAyama rAkhyA che. kAraNa ke gautama buddhane bhArA' kahetAM ke ' bhagavAna ' kahetAM huM zaramAtA nathI. alke, tema kahI zakuM chuM e mArUM subhAgya mAnuM chuM. ) . ' A AkSepanA parihAra karavA mATe mAtra nIcenA ja prazno khasa che. (1) mArA bhASaNamAM audda' zabda kADhI batAvaze|? gautama buddha ane bauddha' e zabdo vacce bheda na samajatA hai| te| ApaNI vacce vAdavivAda azakya che. . " (2) auddha matamAM sarva vyakti svatantra che ane eka khIjA para sattAne tilaprAya avakAza nathI 'A adbhuta samajaNu tame kyAMthI kADhI ? bauddha matamAM sarve vyakti svatantra che' eTale zuM?e karmanA niyamane adhIna nathI ? e nItinA niya mane adhIna nathI ? eka khIjApara sattAnA tilaprAya ava ' kAza nathI'--tA dharmasaMdha' ane ' vinaya' kyAMthI AvyAM? "

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422 gautama buddha nirIzvaravAdI ke sezvaravAdI ? vastutaH mAnIe ke "avakAza nathI"--te paNa amuka siddhA ntane avakAza nathI," mATe te manAte nathI ema zI rIte kahevAya? paraspara virUddha siddhAnto paNa eka mahAsiddhAntane aMge kyAM jovAmAM nathI AvatA? (3) bauddhonI "mekSa svarUpa mAnyatA" paNa zI che, ane brAhmaNa dharmanAthI e keTalI bhinna che e batAvaze to "vedanA siddhAnanI sAthe temanA siddhAntane jarA paNa sparza thato nathI e uktimAM keTaluM satya che enuM mApa Avaze. rA. ThAkare karelA AkSepanA parihAramAM A traNa praznothI emanA pratyenuM mAruM kartavya pUruM thAya che. have vasantanA vAcakane prakRta viSayamAM gautama buddhanA upadezanI kharI sthiti zI che e jANavA mATe huM vizeSa nirUpaNamAM UtaruM chuM. gautama buddha sezvaravAdI hatA ke nirIzvaravAdI?--e rUpe ja jo mane prazna pUchavAmAM Ave te huM kAMI paNa uttara na detAM kevaLa mauna ja dhAraNa karyuM. gautama buddha sezvaravAdI nahetA, tema nirIzvaravAdI paNa nAtA-ane pUrvekA praznanI eka paNa keTi svIkAravI, e gautama buddhanA upadezanuM kharuM tattva ja, emanA tattvacintananI kharI dizA ja, samajavAmAM bhUla che. e tattva zuM hatuM, e dizA zI hatI-e jANavA mATe ApaNe, hAlanA samayamAM subhAgye, mAdhavAcAryanA sarvadarzanasaMgraha upara ja AdhAra rAkha paDe ema nathI. e mATe have vadhAre sArAM pramANa-pAlI saMtrA-prApta thayAM che, ane emAMnA ekane nIce utAre ApuM chuM-je uparathI prakRti prazna paratve gautama buddhano ze mata hato e yathArtha jANavAmAM Avaze. vRthA vAdavivAda eka vAra khuda bhagavAna zrAvasti nagarI pAse anAthapiMDakane upavanamAM jetavana vihAramAM ziye sahavartamAna rahetA hatA. tevAmAM mAlapatra nAme eka ziSyane dhyAna dharatAM dharatAM vicAra thaI Avyo ke jagara keTalAka prazna vitha dhI kAMI bolyA nathI; jemake-A jagata niya che ke anitya paririkana ke aparahina? bhATe e vize emane pUchuM." ema vicAra karI e khuda bhagavAna pAse gayo ane

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gautama buddha nirIzvaravAdI ke sezvaravAdI kara3 , kahyuM: "bhagavana ! Ape amArI ghaNuM zaMkAonuM samAdhAna karyuM che, paNa thoDAka prazna rahI jAya che. A jagata nitya haze ke anitya paricchinna haze ke aparicchinna? nitya che ema jANatA he tema kahe; anitya che ema jANatA ho te tema kahe bemAMthI zuM haze te na jANatA he te kRpA karI kaho ke huM nathI jANato. ane ema hoya te pachI tame guru paNa zenA?" ziSyanI AvI vANI sAMbhaLIne paNa pUrNa zAMtithI buddha bhagavAne javAba dIdheH "bhAI mAlukyaputra ! tame ziSya thayA te vakhate meM tamane kahyuM hatuM ke huM tamane A praznane javAba daIza ?" ziSya kahyuM " nA, mahArAja." buddhadevaH "tyAre mArA taraphathI uttara maLavo ja joIe ema kema kahe che ? je mANasa ema dhAratuM hoya ke A praznone je javAba de te ja guru kharA, to tene to mAruM eTaluM ja kahevuM che kebhAI, mArA ziSya na thaze ! te sAMbhaLoH eka mANasane jherI bANa vAgyuM hoya te e zastravaiidya pAse jaIne kaDhAvaze ke pahelo vicAra karavA besaze ke-vArU, A bANa mAranAra brAhmaNa haze ke kSatriya? vaizya haze ke zadra? ema kaheze khare-ke nA, nA, huM te A bANu nahi kaDhAvuM, paheluM te mane e kaho ke e bANa mAranAra lAMbo hato ke ke? A gAmane hatuM ke paragAmI ? dhanuSya vAMsanuM hatuM ke netaranuM? derI sutarAu hatI ke tAMtanI? ityAdi, ItyAdi. mAluputra ! jagata nitya che ke anitya ? ene kata che ke nahi? hoya te kevo che? ItyAdi prazno upara dhAmaka jIvanane AdhAra nathI." A UtArAmAM kAMI vivaraNa umeravAnI jarUra nathI. gautama buddha IzvaranA astitvano prazna ja bAju para mukI dIdho che. Izvara che ke nahi, e prazna karatAM A saMsAra rUpI dukhamAMthI kema mukta thavuM e prazna ja emane vadhAre mahattvana-ane kharA mahattvane lAgyo che, ane tethI e mahApraznano uttara devAmAM emane saghaLo upadeza samAelo che. Ama amuka praznane vicArakendramAMthI khaseDI nAMkhavo, ane prazna pUchI ene nakAramAM javAba kara-e be eka vastu nathI; paNa A sUkSma bheda- bahu mahatvanuM che chatAM e sUkSma hovAthI sAmAnya jananA smaraNamAM rahetuM nathI, ane je ke buddha bhagavAne pite ajJa jaNavAnI paNa darakAra na karatAM pitAne siddhAnta jevo hato tevo ja-arthAta IzvaranA

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424 gautamabuddha nirIzvaravAdI ke sezvaravAdI ? astitva viSaye mauna dhAraNa karIne ja potAnA ziSya AgaLa mUko, topaNa IzvaranA astitvane prazna evo mahAna ane anivArya che ke bauddhone AgaLa jatAM e praznano uttara dIdhA vinA cAlyuM nahi, teoe brAhmaNanA Izvarano niSedha karyo, ane te ja sAthe mahAyAnamAM avalokika tezvara vagere nAme Izvara svIkAryo. gautama buddha pote nirIzvaravAdI-Izvara nathI ema kahenArA-nahotA. eTaluM ja nahi, paNa IzvaranA astitvane siddhAnta jeo mAnatA teonA te siddhAntane tene te akhaMDita rahevA daI, e siddhAntanA aparela anubhava mATe je sAdhananI jarUra che e sAdhana tarapha teonuM lakSa kheMcanAH nIce utAre vAMcyAthI A vAtanI khAtarI thaze. sAdhananI jarUra manasAkaTa nAme nagaramAM vAsiSTa ane bhAradvAja (vasiSTha ane bharadvAja zetranA) nAme brAhmaNa rahetA hatA. teo vacce mukita yAne brahmane pahecavAne sIdhe (Rju) mArga kiye e viSe vivAda cAlyA. vAsiSTa kahe ke puSkarAdi AcArya batAvelo mArga sIdhA ane Rju che; bhAradvAja kahe tAruSka AcAryo batAvelo mArga sIdho ane ju che. teothI nirNaya thaI zakyo nahi tethI baMne jaNAe vicAra karyo ke buddha bhagavAna jevuM nAnI ane sAdhu bIjuM koI nathI. emane ApaNI zaMkA pUchIe, e ApaNA vivAdanuM samAdhAna karaze. baMne gautama buddha pAse gayA, ane kahyuM; "bhagavana! amArI vacce vivAda paDe che. gautama bhagavAne pUchayuM: "ze?" tyAre vAsiSTha javAba dIdho; "bhagavana! khare mArga zei te bAbata brAhmaNemAM judA judA mata cAle che. atharvavedIo eka kahe che, tattirI (yajurvedI) bIjuM kahe che, chago (sAmavedI) trIjuM kahe che, ane baca (AdI) vaLI cothuM ja kahe che. e sarvee batAvele mA mukti maLe kharI? brahmane pahoMcAya kharuM? jema jude jude raste thaIne paNa eka ja gAme pahecAya che tema A vividha mArgo eka ja sthaLe pahoMcatA haze kharA?" gIta - paNa te sarve khA mArga che ema tame kahe che?" vAsi -"hA, huM ema ja kahuM chuM." gautama -" omAMthI koI e bramane sAkSAtkAra karyo che kharo?

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gautama buddha nirIzvaravAdI ke sezvaravAdI? 45 vAsika -"nA; tema karyuM jaNAtuM nathI." gautamA-"emanA guruoe karyo haze khare?" vAsiSTha:-"nA, te paNuM nahi." gautama - "emanI guruparaMparAmAM sAta peDhI sudhI paNa koIe karyo hoya ema tamane lAge che?" vAsiSTha -"nA. !" gItamaH-nA-tyAre te traNa vedamAM kuzaLa evA brAhmaNe paNa ema kahe che ke "ame je vastu kadI joI nathI, jANuM nathI, tene sIdhe mArga batAvIe chIe."?" vAsiSTha:-"hAste." gautama - "A che tyAre AMdhaLAnI hAra cAlI 'nathI Agalo jo, nathI vacalo jete, nathI chello jete ! traNe vedamAM kuzaLa brAhmaNanI vANI paNa mAtra khAlI zabdonAM khokhAM-mithyAlApa che. vAsiSa' eka mANasa cAra rastAnA cogAna vacce besIne sIDI ghaDe che. ane ene pUchIe chIe ke A sIDIvaDe kaye makAne caDhavuM che? tyAre e uttara Ape che ke e makAna te huM jANatA nathI! e kevo mUrkha ! evuM ja brahmane jANyA joyA vinA enA mArganI vAta karavI e che. A nadI aciravatI be kAMThe pUra vahetI hoya, ane sAme kAMThe kAmavALe mANasa A kAMThe Ubhe Ubhe bUma pADe ke e sAmA kAMThA! Ama Ava, Ama Ava !' vAsiSTha ! Ama e mANasa sAmA kAMThAne hajAravAra bUma pADe, enI stuti kare, kAlAvAlA kare, paNa e sAmo kAMThe A tarapha Ave khare? ene pahoMcavA mATe te heDImAM eNe besavuM joIe. ane halesAM mArIne tyAM pahoMcavuM joIe. te ja pramANe traNa vedamAM kuzaLa brAhmaNa-je guNothI brAhmaNatva bane che te choDI, je guNethI abrAhmaNatva bane che te Acare - "he Idra ' tane belAvuM chuM. he varuNa! tane bolAvuM chuM. he brahmA ! huM tane bolAvuM chuM." ema kahyuM kAMI phaLa thAya kharuM? vAsiSTha ! A nadI pUra vahe che te vakhate eka mANasane sAme kAMThe javuM che. paNa bicArAnA hAtha majabUta sAMkaLathI peThe bAMdhyA cheH e sAme kAMThe jaI zake khare? te ja pramANe ahaMnA vinayamAM jene "saMyojana 54

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ra6 gautama buddha nirIzvaravAdI ke sezvaravAdI ? yAne sAMkaLo kahe che te rUpI manuSya mAtrane pAMca bandhane che-rUpa, zabda, ga, rasa ane sparza je hadayamAM vikAra (rAga) utpanna karI enuM badhana race che. vAsiSTa ! A nadI pUra vahe che te vakhate eka mANasane sAme kAMThe javuM che, paNa te kAMThe mAthe oDhIne sUte che ane UMdhe che! A mANasa sAme kAMThe pahece kharo? e ja pramANe manuSya jyAM sudhI pAMca AvaraNa --rAga, dveSa, meha, cAMcalya ane vicikitsA (zaMkA) thI DhaMkAelo che tyAM sudhI brahmane pAme e banavAnuM nathI." vaLI eja suttamAM AgaLa jatAM zAMkara siddhAntanA je ja, guruziSyasaMvAda pUrvaka, siddhAnta bAMdhavAmAM Avyo che - vAsiSTha gautama buddhane kahe che-"gautama! mane kahevAmAM AvyuM che ke brahmA sAthe ekatA prApta karavAno mArga zramaNa gautama jANe che." (Ane dekhItI rIte asaMbaddha uttara ApatAM) gautama kahe cheH vAsika' kahe vAra, manasAkaTa A sthaLanI pAse-adUra-nathI?" vAsi: "che ja pAse ja che. dara nathI." gatamaH "paNa vAsiTa ! dhAro ke eka mANasa manasAkaTamAM jo che ane tyAMthI bahAra gayA ja nathI. ene loka puche che ke - manasAkaTano rati ! manasAkaTamAM janmelA ane ucharelA e mANasane e viSe jarA paNa zaMkA ke muzkelI hoya kharI ? vAsi: "nahi ja, gautama. ane enuM kAraNa zuM? e mANasa manasAkaTamAM ja jAo ane Ucharyo hoya to manasAkaTane dareka rasto ene tadana jANato hoya ja. gautama "manasATamAM ja janmelA ane ucharelA e mANasane manasAkaTa nA vize zaMkA ke muzkelI hoya, paNa bAlakane mArga ko ema tathAgata (bu) ne puchavAmAM Ave te ene e viSe jarA paNa zaMkA ke muvI nathI. kAraNa ke te vAsiSTha ! brahmA huM jANuM chuM, brahmaloka * brA saguNa kara rUpa 'bA' kahevAya che.

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gautamabuddha nirIzvaravAdI ke sezvaravAdI? karaNa huM jANuM chuM, ane tyAM javAno rasto paNa huM jANuM chuM. brahmalokamAM gayA hoya, tyAM ja jabhyo hoya, tenI peThe huM e jANuM chuM." A brahmA te ja Izvara; ane brahmaloka te gAga ane yAjJavalkayanA saMvAdamAM jene chevaTanA kAraNu tarIke ullekha karyo che te. ATalA utArA vAMcyA pachI keNa kaheze ke- veda siddhAntanI sAthe temanA (gautamabuddhanA)siddhAntane jarA paNa sparza thato nathI ?" [vasanta, ASADha saMvata 1970 ] * " kasminnu khalu brahmalokA otAca protAzceti ? sa hovAca gArgi mAtiprAkSIH" vAjasaneyi brAhmaNapaniSaduM

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428 ApaNA dharmanuM bhaviSya 13. ApaNA dharmanuM bhaviSya (vicAramALA) praznaH- chellA praznanA uttaramAMthI eka bIjo prazna udabhave che, paraMtu e upara AvatAM prasaMgopAtta anya eka prazna pUchIza. gayA sapTembara mAsanA nAInTIntha sencarI patramAM" " The Future of Christian Religion" eTale "krizcana dharmanuM bhaviSya " evA mathALAne eka lekha che. Ape e vAMcyo haze. e uparathI ApaNA dharmanI vartamAna sthiti viSe kAMI sUcana maLe che? uttara-hA, e lekha mArA vAMcavAmAM Avyo che. emAM lekhaka traNa vAta darzAve che - (1) sudharelI prajAomAM piparI' eTale remathI pipAtuM kriniTinuM svarUpa-jemAM piApanuM mukhyatva mAnavAmAM Ave che, ane je rAmana kalika saMpradAyane nAme prasiddha che-te AgaLa mArga karI zakatuM nathI. (2) pratyeka keTesTanTa sudhArakanA je je khAsa siddhAnta hatA, teno have dinaparidina vadhAre loke thakI tyAga thatA Ave che. (3) TesTanTa kriyAnuM paNa Telika saMpradAya tarapha valaNa spaSTa rIte vadhatuM jAya che. ane karmakAMDa upara emano prema cokhkhI rIte samajAya che. A traNa utione maLatI-tathApi kAMIka pheraphAravALI-ApaNI vartamAna paristhiti paratve paNa bIjI traNa uktio racI zakAya - (1) keLavaNInI vRddhi sAthe ApaNAmAMthI brAhmaNane ApaNuM uparane adhikAra ghaTane Ave che. () jina, buda, zaMkara, vallabha Adi dharmapravartAne paraspara virodhamAMthI janmelA dharma saMbaMdhI vicAra krame krame dANa thatA jAya che; tema ja, paNa dhAravALAe ApaNu purANo viSa, keTaleka aMze vikama vyavasthA vi, nA bane tenuM vi je khAsa vicAre pravina pa nA na pa aniTa bhAga dhIme dhIme vajAne jAya che,

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ApaNA dharmanuM bhaviSya ha (3) kuLavAelA vargamAM paNa karmakAMDa tarapha prema cokhkhI rIte vadhatA Ave che. paraMtu A viSayamAM pAzcAtya dharmasthiti sAthe atra sarva prakAre maLatApaNuM nathI. (4) atra thADI tema ja dhaNI keLavaNI pAmelA keTalAka varga te dharma tarapha taddana khedarakAra che, ane emanI te atre vAta ja nathI. (s) adhurI keLavaNIvALA varganA keTalAka bhAga--jene dharma tarapha ruci che te--karmakAMDamAM guMthAI rahe che, ane jJAnanuM abhimAna jo kadAca dharAve che te te phakta nAmanuM ja. (4) aSika keLavaNI pAmelA dharma upara AdaravALA varganA khe vibhAga cheH keTalAka karmakAMDa upara aruci ja darzAve che, ane keTalAka jJAnane mukhya gaNIne karma upAsanA Adi vastuone jJAnanA AvirbhAvanAM pratyakSa sthAnarUpa ane sAdhanarUpa mAne che. A vartamAna sthiti sArI che ke kheATI e viSe Apane prazna nathI; mAtra e sthiti zI che eTaluM ja jovAnuM mukhya prastuta hatuM; tathApi A pratyeka upara kAMka kAMIka kahevuM e taddana aprAsaMgika, ke ApaNI vicAramALAmAM adhika paDatuM, nahi gaNAya. (1) keLavaNInI vRddhi sAthe brAhmaNAnA adhikAra dhaTatA Ave che. paNa Apa prazna karazeA ke ethI lAla che ke hAni? enA uttara ke--je svAbhAvika che, je thavuM joIe, te ja thAya che; eTale vizvagati jo hamezAM satya pariNAma tarapha ja vaLatI hoya teA AthI bezaka lAbha ja thavA joIe. jema jUnAM pAdaDAM kharI navAM pAMdaDAM AvatAM, vRkSa yuvAna alavattara ane suzAbhita bane che, tema ja anyakAra, Alasya Adi tameA-guNuthI janasamAjane je je bhAga vyAsa heAya te te dhIme dhIme kharI jaI navA bhAga mATe mArga karI Ape e svAbhAvika che. janasamAja e vRkSa samAna che, emAM kAI paNa bhAga haMmeza mATe lupta thAya ema te banatuM ja nathI, mAtra jIrNa bhAgane sthAne navIna bhAga Ave che eTaluM ja. A ja rIte jema jema nirjIva thaelA brAhmaNa varga asta thatA jaze tema tema enuM sthAna dhArmikatAthI yukta ane kAleja Adi sAdhanA vaDe vidyAsaMpanna thaelA puruSAthI pUrAze, kAraNa, e ja bhaviSyanA brAhmaNA' che, ane e ja brahma' nA kharA svarUpanA vicAra tIvra jijJAsAthI, zuddha premathI, ane vizALa khruddhithI karavA samartha thaze. hAlanA greDayueTA tevA che ema * A sthitinuM paNa keTaleka bhAge to hajI jhAMkhuM prabhAta ja thayuM che.

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430 - ApaNA dharmanuM bhaviSya kahevAno Azaya nathI. paNa vidyAnuM sthAna je pAchaLanA vakhatanA hiMdustAnamAMthI ghaNe bhAge lupta jevuM thaI gayuM hatuM tene punarudaya have yunivarsiTIomAM ja thavA saMbhava che eTaluM ja mAruM tAtparya che. eka greDayueTa tarIke e varga mATe huM abhimAna karuM chuM ema jarA paNa manamAM lAvyA vinA, mArA vicAranI svataH sArAsAratA tapAsajo. brAhmaNa viSe mane anAdara che ema na samajaze. prAcIna mATe mane atIva mAna ane pUjya buddhi che, mArA pratikSaNanA e guo che, mAruM hRdaya emane hAthe ja ghaDAya emAM huM mAruM subhAgya samajuM chuM. vartamAna brAhmaNe mATe mane dayA che, emAMnA keTalAkamAM huM bahu pavitratA ane zAMti jou chuM, ane tethI tevAne mATe, emanI vivAhInatA chatAM paNa, mane bhAna rahe che. paraMtu ghaNe bhAge te varNacatuSTayamAMthI eka paNa prakAranI vRtti vinAne ane tethI zadra karatAM paNa adhama thaI gayo che ema kabUla karyA vinA nahi cAle, AmAM temane doSa nathI. vidyA e "Art of peace (zAMti samayanI kalA) che--jene pAchaLanA vakhatanA hidusthAnamAM saMbhava na hato, janasamUhane ene khapa jaNAyo na hato, ane tethI ghaNAkharA brAhmaNamAM enI chata paNa na hatI; chatAM pramANamAM emaNe bahu jJAna sAcavI rAkhyuM che. paraMtu je hAlanA anupama zAMtinA samayamAM paNa eo potAnuM kartavya karavA jAge nahi, te pachI emane mATe dayA paNa kyAM sudhI raheze? brAhmaNomAM brAhmaNatva nahi hoya te emane uccheda thaze ja. ane thavo joIe ja, kAraNake jagatane niyanta parama deva che, asura nathI; ane je asata che, svasvarUpathI bhraSTa che, e lAMbI vAra TakI zakatuM nathI evI vizvavyavasthA che. sarvene upakrama satasvarUpa tarapha ja hoya e vedAntasiddhAntane anusarIne che, ane brAhmaNe kharA brAhmaNa thAya nahi te lupta thAya ema IcchavAmAM ApaNe vedAnta siddhAntane ja jaya icchIe chIe. zaMkara buddha AdinA vigrahamAMthI janma pAmelA vicAre kSINa thatA jAya emAM bahu lAbha che. eTaluM khuba yAda rAkhavAnuM che ke jagatamAM mahAtmArUpe sthapAelA koI paNa purUSa hAme enA pratipakSIo taraphathI jevuM ane jeTaluM kahevAmAM Ave che tevuM ane teTaluM khATuM kadI vastutaH hetuM nathI, te sAthe vaLI jyAre aitihAsika daSTabinduthI emanAM kAryo avalokAya che tyAre te baMne pakSo te te kALane evA anurUpa dekhAya che ke ghaNuM karI sarva virodha e rIte zAnta thaI jAya che. vaidika brAhmaNa

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ApaNA dharmanuM bhaviSya 431 dharme, dayA AdinA guNAnA tyAga karI, svarga mATe yajJa yAgAdiSTa karavAmAM kRtArthatA mAnI tyAre mahAvIra svAmI gautamakSuddha vagere thayA. budhdhe zvaranA tema ja AtmAnA astitvanI avagaNanA karI, satya viruddha karI e paNu kharUM. paNa Izvarane nAme tathA AtmAnA amaratvane miSe aneka pApA thatAM, tenA uccheda karavAnA prayatnamAM mudde e e tattvAnI avagaNanA karatAM paNa AMcakA na khAdheA. paraMtu e ja avagaNanA, satya viruddha hAvAthI vakhata jatAM daivI aniSTa nIpaje che e jyAre bauddhamatanA pAchaLanA itihAsamAMthI sidhdha thayuM tyAre zaMkara jevA mahAtmAnA prahArAnA prasaMga AvyA. zaMkaranuM jJAna anadhikArI ane aNusamajI hRdayamAM kevuM zuSka thaI jAya che enA anubhava thatAM, rAmAnuja vallabhAcArya Adine bhaktimArgamAM sAra samajAyA ityAdi. atre vikSita eTaluM che ke dharma tattvajJAna Adi manuSya AtmAne lagatA sadhaLA viSayA aitihAsika dRSTie avazya vileAkavA joIe ane e dRSTimAM ja pratyeka pravRttinuM antargata rahasya skuTa thaI Ave che. - ' vaLI, dharma paratve ApaNA * sudhArAvALAo 'e prAcIna bhAvanAenuM svarUpa khATI rIte samajI keTalAka vicArA calAvyA hatA jemAM traNa mukhya hatAH purANu sTAmenA, brAhmaNeA sAmenA, ane mUrtipUjA shAmenA AkSepeA. purANAnuM bhUgALa ane khageAlanuM varNana bhrAntimaya che ema mAnIe paNa tethI enA uttameAttama dharma saMbaMdhI vicAra| upara anAdara zA mATe thavA joI e ? bhAgavata tyajI upaniSado tarapha vaLavuM--ema karavAnuM zuM kAraNu ? mane upaniSado upara bahu ja Adara che, paNa bhAgavatAdi purANAne halakAM gaNavAnuM kAMI paNa kAraNa samajAtuM nathI. upaniSadeAnAM ja satyA purANAmAM kevI alaukika kAvyapratibhAnAM citrA banyAM che ! upaniSad sUtrAnAM e kevAM rahasyapradarzI bhASyA che ! kadAca tamane emAM brAhmaNeAnIx * manuSya AtmAne lagatA' ema kahevAmAM khAsa tAtparya che, te e ke ' rasAyana vidyA' AgaLa kevI hatI, kImiyAmAMthI e zI rIte udbhavI, evA praznothI oNksijana ' ane ' hAiDrejana' nAmanA vAyumAMthI jaLa thAya che e vastu sthiti upara bahu ajavALuM paDatuM nathI. paNa dharma tattvajJAna Adi kevI rIte vikase che e vicAramAMthI dharmanA svarUpa viSe ahu kheAdha maLe che. " C x tyAM keTaleka ThekANe tA brAhmaNa'nA artha 'sAdhu' thAya che.

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432 ApaNA dharmanuM bhaviSya sattA bahu vyApI gaelI jaNAze. paNa e sattA mATe emanI yogyatA paNa kevI hatI ! ApaNuM ItihAsamAM brAhmaNee pitAne svArtha sAdhavAnuM ja kAma karyuM che e AkSepa atyanta bhrAntiyukta lAge che. A saMbaMdhamAM chelI seziyala konpharansane prasaMge mi. jasTisa rAnaDenuM bhASaNa punaH punaH vAMcavA jevuM hatuM. emAM "brAhmaNa-sivilijhezana"nI sArI prazaMsA hatI. paraMtu eTaluM smaraNamAM rAkhavAnuM che ke brAhmaNomAM paNa thoDe kacare utpanna thayo nahato, ane emaNe racelAM sarva purANe ane pratyekanA pratyeka zabdo mAnavA jevA che ema nathI. saMskRta eTaluM zAstra tema purANa eTalA vahema e ubhaya bhrama jatA rahI, jyAre buddhi yogya keLavaNuM pAmI udAratAthI tema ja vivekathI sArAsAra aMza vilokatAM zIkhaze tyAre ja satya samajAze. paraMtu A mATe be vAtanI jarUra che. prAcIna vastu mATe mAna ane premanuM svabuddhi upara vizvAsa ane ene gya upayAga. (3) keLavAelA vargamAM karmakAMDa tarapha prema vadhato Ave eTalAthI hAni nathI. paNa e premanA prakAra upara lAbha-hAnine bahu AdhAra che ane e bAbata keTaloka viveka rAkhavAnI jarUra che, je AgaLa upara spaSTa thaze. (3 ) keLavaNI pAmelo keTaloka varga dharma tarapha taddana bedarakAra rahe che e thoDA zekanI vAta che? dharma upara manuSyanI asaMkhya pravRttione AdhAra nathI? ane jyAre keLavAelA jana ja e vastu upara ruci lAvI ene potAnA hAthamAM nahi le, te svAbhAvika ja che ke pAmara jana-samUha vartamAna dharmasthitirUpI alpakUpamAM paDyo raheze. dharma tarapha anAdara rAkhI dharma evo padArtha ja jagatamAMthI kADhI nAkha ema emano prayatna haze to te vyartha che vastutaH te emane dharmathI viruddha vA tarapha eka paNa prakArano prayatna ja dekhAto nathI, ane A viSayamAM emane emanI javAbadArInuM bhAna ja thayuM hoya ema lAgatuM nathI. pazcima prajAomAM pAdarIo pote ghaNI ucca keLavaNI pAmelA hoya che eTale tyAM anya vidyAnenI dharma tarapha arUci eTalI hAnikAraka nIvaDatI nathI. (34) pUrva jeTalo ja-ane keTalIka rIte e karatAM paNa vadhAre- nukasAnakAraka varga adhurI keLavaNuM pAmelAone che. jeo karmakAMDane ja sarvarava gaNe che, ane "abheda" "prema" "advaita' Adi jJAnanA zabdone vagara samaje upADI laI game tyAM ene upayoga kare che, jeo potAnuM e dharmasthiti mAMthI kAlathI viruddha vA tara

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ApaNuM dhamanuM bhaviSya 433 vAstavika ajJAna e mahAna zabdanA raMgathI DhAMke che, ane buddhine zrama letAM kaMTALI "hadaya'vAdane khoTa AIbara kare che. jeo tarka upara AkSepa karI abdhatAne zaraNe paDI "zraddhA" nuM pavitra nAma vage che, ane keLavAelA vargane sva. maNilAlanA "navIne," "sudhArAvALAo, jaDavAdIo," Adi zabdo lagADavAmAM potAnA jJAnanI parisImAM mAne che! jema sva. maNilAla nahotA tema, huM pote paNa "navIna nathI, "sudhArAvALo' nathI, "jaDavAdI' nathI, chatAM puchuM chuM ke jeo upara A rIte AkSepa ane nindA karavAmAM Ave che emanA bacAvamAM kAMI ja kahevA jevuM nathI ? mUrtipUjA e pApa che ema mAnavAmAM phiniTinuM akAraNa anukaraNa karavAmAM Ave che-kemake vastutaH paramAtmA zivAya anya koI vastu bhajI ja zakAtI nathI, ane bhakti thaI eTale e paramAtmAnI ja thaI e nakkI che. tathApi vicAre ke mUrtipUjA karI eTale game teTalAM pApa thaI zake evo pracAra ApaNumAM ghaNe sthaLe dIThAmAM AvatuM nathI? Ave che ja. te pachI karmakAMDathI adhika evA jJAnanuM ane kartavyabuddhinuM dvAra ughADavA je je prayatna thAya te te lAbhakAraka ja che ema kahevAmAM zuM khoTuM janamaMDaLanA hRdayamAM UtaryA vinA, ane dharmavRttinAM vividha svarUpe dhyAnamAM lIdhA vinA jeTalA prayatna thAya teTalA niSphaLa nIvaDe e svAbhAvika che, ane eTalA kAraNathI ja sArA uddezathI pravartI chatAM paNa "sudhArAvALAone zrama vyartha nivaDa hoya ema mane lAge che. tame kaheze ke karmakAMDamAM prANavinimayanA bahu bahu arthe rahyA che ane tethI karmakAMDanI mahattA che. paraMtu AnA javAbamAM huM eTaluM ja kahIza ke, "prANavinimaya" ne "dharma" sAthe zI levAdevA che? "prANavinimaya' Adi nAme oLakhAtI zArIrika kasarata te "dharma'-AtmA paramAtmAnA saMbandhanA arthamAM "dharma-kema kahevAya ? huM karmakAMDanuM rahasya prANuvinimaya eTale "ga" rUpe mAnavA karatAM "jJAna" rUpe samajavuM ucita dhAruM chuM. mane manuSya jIvanane khare hetu vegathI nahi, paNa "jJAnathI sadhAya che e zaMkarAcAryane siddhAnta parama satya lAge che. A vargane meM adhurI keLavaNIvALe eTalA mATe kahyo che ke vastutaH tame tapAsa karaze te tamane ema jaNAze ke AvA vicArevALA ghaNAkharA jananI keLavaNa-aMgrejI tema ja saMskRta-atyata alpa hoya che. "thiesophI'ne uddeza sarva prakAre, ane enA siddhAnto keTaleka bhAge, mane grAhya che, paNa thiesophisTane ghaNe varga te saMskRta bhASAnA sAkSAta jJAna vagarane athavA alpa jJAna 55

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434 ApaNuM dharmanuM bhaviSya vALA hoya ema lAge che, ane tethI emanuM sthAna A. (3 ja) vargamAM che. "thiosophI' jJAna viruddha che ke thiophisTamAM keTalAka vidvAna nathI ema hAruM kahevuM ja nathI. (3) keLavaNI pAmelA varganA meM be vibhAga gaNAvyAH eka karmakAMDathI taddana viruddha, ane bIje karmakAMDadvArA ane karmakAMDamAM kharI dhArmika sthitine anubhavanAre. pUrvokta vibhAga ghaNuM karI enA kharA dhArmika bhAvane lIdhe ja karmakAMDathI viruddha paDe che, paraMtu ema karavAmAM atyAcAra thatuM hoya ema mane te lAge che. sarvathA karmakAMDathI zUnya kaI . paNa dharma nathI. dharmanI ghaNuM zakti karmakAMDadvArA pakava thAya che. mAtra, emAM keTalIka sAdAI ane keTalIka bhavyatA Avazyaka che. sAdAI prApta karavAne eka mArga e che ke karmanI sAthe ja bhakti upAsanA ane jJAnane paNuM Azraya karavo-jethI karmabhAga svataH ocho thato Avaze, ane jJAna zuSka ane nirbala na thaI paDe eTale karmane joI bhAga ja raheze. koI kaI vAra bhavya karmo paNa AcaravAM ThIka che. sAdhAraNa prajAnA AcAramAM karmakAMDanI sAdAI, tema ja keTaleka mahAna prasaMge ane rAjAdike karavAnA yajJAdimAM bhavyatA-ubhayathI lakSita ApaNuM prAcIna dharmajanA che, ane temAM manuSya hadayanA ghaNuM sUkSma nirIkSaNapUrvaka vyavasthA thaI hoya ema lAge che. - have tyAre vartamAna dharma sthiti paratve dharma prati anAdarane pakSa bAda karatAM ApaNu jana maMDaLamAM traNa vicAra cAle che. (1) "prAcIna ne, (2) "navIne ne, (3) itihAsadRSTithI, vizALa avalokanathI, ane manuSya svabhAvanA bandhAraNane vicAra karI, vastusthiti svIkAranArAone A trIjo vicAra pracalita karavAno upakrama sudarzananA Adya draSTIe karyo che-ane e vicArane enI asaMkhya zAkhAprazAkhAomAM dRSTigocara kare e enA kharA anuyAyIonuM kartavya che. A prasaMga laI atre eTaluM kahevuM joIe ke - amuka lekhamAM sudhArA" viruddha keTaluM che, abheda ke prema ke "advaita' zabda emAM keTalIvAra Avyo che, e sva. maNilAlanA sidhAntanA anusaraNanI kharI kasoTI nathI. e mahAna AtmA

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ApaNu dharmanuM bhaviSya 435 satyAnuyAyI hatA, ene satya "prAcIne" tema ja "navIne ubhayamAMthI samAna rIte grAhuya hatuM. pantha" "saMpradAya viruddha enA jeTalA ughoSa thoDAe karyo haze; chatAM sva. maNilAlanA zabdonI pAchaLa prakAzatA AtmAne pitAmAM utAravAne badale emanA zabdo rAtri divasa gekhanArA ane e rIte panthanI vRttine uttejI vastutaH maNilAlanA siddhAntane vighAta karanArA emanA anuyAyI hovAnuM abhimAna rAkhe che! maNilAla "advaitavAdI" hatA. paNa emane "advaitavAda" mAtra uccAramAM ja naha; aneka bhedamAM abheda viloka, abheda samajavo, samajAva, ane chevaTe hRdayamAM laI kRtimAM utAravo e ja kharA arthamAM advaitavAdanuM anusaraNa che, ane e arthamAM atavAda jeTalo anusarAze teTaluM ja AghadraSTAnA siddhAntanuM kharuM anusaraNa thayuM gaNaze. maNilAla "caitanyavAdI" hatA; ane vikAsa, abhivRddhi e je citanyane dharma che te emane siddhAnta paNa jaDavata paDI na rahetAM vikAsa pAme, emAM adhikatA prApta thAya, enAM jINuM pallava kharI paDI navIna pallava Ave emAM ja enI kharI zobhA che. emAM ja enuM vAstavika tAdAbhya-bhedamAM abheda--sacavAvAno saMbhava che. Be doers of the word and not hearers only, deceiving your own selves.' "The letter killeth but - the Spirit - giveth life.' [ sudarzana, DIsembara 1899]

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mUrtipUjA 14 bhAve tha mAna sAthe nI A dalIla rNa mUrtipUjA (vicAramAlA) vaLI, gayA aMkamAM DaoNkaTara bhAMDArakare atre prArthanAsamAjamAM ApelA upadezanuM avalokana karatAM, ame lakhyuM hatuM ke "akhila vizva paramAtmAmAMthI nIkaLyuM che ane tethI amuka mUrtine ja paramAtmArUpa mAnavI e brAnti che. DaoNkTara bhAMDArakaranI A dalIla amAre kabUla che, paNa e vidvAna mATe pUrNa mAna sAthe amAre kahevuM joIe ke mUrtipUjA paramAtmabhAve thaI hoya te paNa khoTI ja, ane hinduo mUrtine ja paramAtmA mAne che, e vAta yathArtha jaNAtI nathI." A zabdanuM kAMIka Aja vizeSa spaSTIkaraNa karIe. hinduo mUrtine ja paramAtmA mAne che e kahevuM satya che? mi. rAnaDe jevA eka prArthanAsamAjI ja zuM kahe che e juveda mahArASTra prajAnA udaya saMbandhI emanA pustakanA "mahArASTranA santa" nAmanA prakaraNamAM e nIce pramANe lakhe che - "It is a complete misunderstanding of their thoughts and ideas on this subject when it is represented that these gifted people were idolators in the objectional sense of the world. They did not worship stocks and stones...... These illustrations will serve to show in what light image-worship, as an aid to devotion, was utilized by these saints, and unless this distinction is borne in mind, it will be impossible to understand the true position occupied by these teachers in this important matter". ' arthAta mUrtipUjA bhakitamAM madada kare che, ane e rIte ja mahArASTranA santoe ene upaga karyo hato. hinduo mUrtithI paratatvane mUrtimAM pratyakSa kare che, e hareka mUrtipUjaka hindune pachI jotAM pAdarIone paNa samajAyuM che. mahammada, jIsasa

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mUrtipUjja kahe ane te pahelAMnA keTalAka yAhudI leAkAne mUrtipUjA aneka pApanI sAthe joDAelI ane adhama dazAmAM paDelI mAluma paDI eTalA mATe teoe mUrtipUjA svAme vAMdhA lIdheA; vaLI, e leAkAnA paramAtmA saMbandhI vicAra jagatnI pAra svargamAM vasatA eka puruSanA hatA ane tethI jema mhArI pUjA e tamArI na heAya tema mUrtinI pUjA e paramAtmAnI pUjA nathI. ema emane lAgyuM. have, paramAtmA saMbandhI A vicAra khoTA che; ane aitihAsika kAraNeAthI udbhavelA mUrtipUjAnA khaMDanane arthAt amuka samayanI mUrtipUjAnA kha'Danane--traikAlika satya rUpe sthApavuM e bhUlabhareluM che. vaLI mUrtipUjA e paramAtmAne saMkaDAvI nAMkhavAnA prayatnamAthI nIkaLI nathI. paNa ene avyavahita rIte sAkSAtkAra karavAnI utsukatAmAMthI udbhavI che e mi. pratApacandra jevA brahmo'samAjI paNa cikAgAnI dharma pariSamAM ApelA bhASaNamAM kabula kare che-- "But silence also becomes too oppressive, and takes shape in the offerings and acts of worship. Flowers, incenses, sacrificial fires, sacramental food, symbolical postures, bathings, fastings and vigils, are oftentimes more eloquent than words. There is no spirit without forms. Ceremonies without spirit are indeed dangerous, but when words fail before God, symbols become indispensable". P. C. Mozoomdar. arthAt dhArmikatAnI nyUnatA nahi paNa dhArmikatAnI adhikatA e enuM kAraNa che. DAkaTara bhAMDArakare emanA A ja vyAkhyAnamAM kahyuM hatuM ke paramItmAnA vaibhavanuM bhAna sUrya, tArA, parvata, samudra AdimAM thAya che. have, je rIte akhila vizva paramAtmAmAMthI utpanna thaela che ane enA vaibhava pratyeka aNumAM vyApI rahyo che, chatAM e vaibhavanuM bhAna parvatAdi--amuka padArthoM mAM thAya che, te ja rIte kAI bhakta amuka mUrtimAM enuM darzana karI le te emAM vAMdhA levA jevuM zuM che ? vastutaH kAI paNa rIte--patthara, pANI, samudra game te paramAtmA che, ane e mhArI AgaLa ja vasI raheleA che evuM bhAna thAya che ke nahi, ane e bhAnane anurUpa hRdayavrutti upaje che ke nahi eTaluM ja jovAnuM che, kharI bhakti UchaLatI hAya tA

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438 mUrtipUjA te paramAtmA tarapha UchaLatI nathI e virodhI vAyo che. tukArAma Adi mUrtipUjaka hatA, teo kharA bhakta na hatA ema koNa kaheze? paramAtmAnuM darzana karavuM eTaluM ja kAma che, ane e darzana vastutaH thAya che ke kema eTalo ja prazna che. parvatamAM paramAtmadarzana thAya che tema mUrtimAM paNa thAya che, kharI vAta che ke parvatAdikamAM je paramAtmAnI bhavyatA najare paDe che, te mUrtimAM nathI paDatI. A vAta ApaNAM zAstrone paNa saMmata che, ane tethI e parvatasamughadikanAM yAtrA pUjana Adine vidhi kare che. alya pratibhAvALA mANasone parvatAdikamAM paramAtmadarzana thatAM vAra lAge che, vA thAya che to paNa kaMIka nirbaLa rahe che--mATe vizeSamAM zAstro mUrtipUjAne paNa upadeza kare che, jethI bhaktane paramAtmA hArA gharamAM che, mahArI najara AgaLa cheema utkaTa anubhava thAya, ane zAti maLe. gayA aMkamAM amArA eka mitre, misisa eNni besaMTe amadAvAdamAM ApelA "bhakti' uparanA bhAraNane sAra ApIne chevaTe lorDa kAlemAMthI eka UtAre TAMko hato-evI matalabane ke, yahudI dharma jagatamAM bilakula na vaLe ane krizcayana dharmane vyApI jatAM vAra na lAgI tenuM kAraNa e hatuM ke niraMjana nirAkArane vicAra tattvajJAnIone game teTalo sAro lAgatuM hoya paNa sAmAnya lokane te emanAM sukhaduHkhamAM bhAga letA ane manuSyAkAravALe Izvara ja joIe che, e vAta svIkArIne krizcayana dharma mUrtipUjA dAkhala karI, ane yahudI dharme tema na karyuM. paNa ame te A karatAM paNa bahu AgaLa vadhIne kahIe chIe ke mUrtipUjA sAmAnya janamaMDaLa mATe ja nahi, paNa tatvajJAnIone paNa svAbhAvika che--dhArmikatAnuM e nIcaluM pagathiyuM nathI, paNa bahu UMcuM pagathiyuM che. tame kaheze ke je jaMgalI prajAmAM jovAmAM Ave che e vastune uttama kema kahevAya ? Ano uttara ke, mUrtipUjA jaMgalI prajAmAM jovAmAM Ave che e vAta enI adhamatA nahi, paNa vyApatA siddha kare che. mUrtipUjA ja zA mATe? jaMgalI prajAmAM te zuM dhArmikatA paNa nathI jovAmAM AvatI? paNa eTalA uparathI dhArmikatAne jaMgalI prajAnuM lakSaNa gaNI phekI devAnuM kayo dhAmika jana sUcavaze? mATe amane te lAge che ke-mUrtipUjA e kharI dhamakatAne udagAra che, para tattvane pratyakSa karI jevA, sevavA ane AsigavAne yatna che. jana yAhudI dharmanA vakhatamAM ane te pahelAM ghaNe vakhata, bebiloniyA

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mUrtipUjA 439 vagere dezamAM dhAmikavRtti hu nikRSTa dazAmAM UtarI paDI hatI ane te vakhate mUrtipUjAe bahu bahu ayeAgya svarUpa dhAraNa karyA hatAM; e kAraNathI keTalAka jUnA yAhudIo ane krAIsTa vagere navIna yAhudIoe mUrtipUjA upara prahAra karyAM.+ paNa eTalA uparathI, * mUrtipUjAnI aitihAsika sadASatAne traikAlika sadASatArUpe mAnI laI, ane paramezvara sacarAcara vyApI rahelA che--jagatthI para (Transcendent) che tema jagamAM (Immanent) paNa che--e vAta bhUlI jaI, upara svargamAM beThele che ane tethI mUrtithI bhinna che ema bhrAntimAM paDI, krizcayane ane musalamAnonuM anukaraNa karI, ApaNA arvAcIna sudhArA mUrtipUjAnuM khaMDana karavA jAya che e mhoTI bhUla che. | surzana, phebruArI-1892 ] [+"It must also be remembered that the scientific settling of normal values is a matter of slow growth and that many a prophet has in consequence assigned what seem to us wholly disproportionate values in his assesssments of acts. Thus probably the most violent language with which crime was ever denounced has been launched against idolatery, which does not obviously harm society, sabbath-breaking which few communities have regarded as even immoral.........It is a psychologi cal puzzle that this destroyer of idols (Mohammed) maintained the ceremony of kissing the Black Stone, which at any rate bears a close resemblance to idolatry." DS. Margoliortla. A vidvAna oNksapharDa yunivarsiTimAM araikhikanA preAphesara che, ane musalamAna dharmanI bAbatamAM hAlamAM uttama vidvAna gaNAya che. ]

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varNavyavasthA janmathI ke kamathI ? 15 varNavyavasthA janmathI ke karmathI? (vicAramALA) carcApatra vinati ke sudarzana patramAM vicAramALAnuM dheraNa tenA AghadraSTAe ja dAkhala karyuM hatuM, ane te dharaNane Apa AgrahapUrvaka vikasita karavAno prayatna kare che, tethI sudarzananA pAThakagaNune ocho lAbha thaze nahi, paraMtu te vicAramALAnA viSaya nIce je je prazna Ave che, ane te te praznonI je je rItie carcA thAya che, te uparathI spaSTa samajAya che ke ApaNuM gurjara vidvAne tene vAstavika upayoga samajatA nathI; ane kadAca samaje che, te tene vikAsavAmAM ane vistAravAmAM atyaMta pramAda rAkhe che, te paNa ochuM khedakAraka nathI. ane te ja kAraNathI svamaNibhAI te dhAraNa dAkhala karIne ja virAma pAmyA hoya, ema jaNAya che. te paNa je Agraha ane suhadayatAthI Apa te gheraNa khilavavA prayatna kare che, tevA ja Agraha ane suhadayatAthI maMDyA raheze, te tethI vehele athavA moDe tene sadupayoga thayA vinA raheze nahi, ema AzA rAkhavAmAM Ave che. ahaNa to bahudhA prazno udabhava Apa taraphathI athavA keI eka vyakti taraphathI thAya che, ane tenuM vivaraNapUrvaka samAdhAna mAtra Apane ja karavuM paDe che, ema samajAya che. tethI sudarzanane zraddhApUrvaka anusaranArAonA sarve saMzonuM chedana thaI teonI hRdayagraMthi bhedAI jAya che ke nahi, evo prazna ApanA hRdayamAM paNa skuryA vinA rahe nahi heya. evA prasaMgamAM jyAre keI ati gaMbhIra praznane ceDAeka zabdathI patAvI devAmAM Ave, tyAre te temAMthI keTalA anartho thatA haze, te paNa kalpI na zakAya tevuM nathI. gayA Disembara mAsanA sudarzanamAM Ape hiMduonI dharmasaMbaMdhI ane sAMsArika sthitinA sAMprata valaNa vize carcA karatAM, brAhmaNa varga viSe je prazna caryo che, te carcAnA zabdomAM udeza jeTalo ja bhAva rahI zako keta , temAM hAnikAraka nahetuM. paraMtu ghaNuM zeDA zabdomAM Ape

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varNavyavasthA janmathI ke karmathI? Apano manobhAva darzAvavA prayatna karyA chatAM, hiMdusthAnanA bhaviSya saMbaMdhI Arya ane anArya- banne varganA vidvAnene je ciMtA thAya che, te ja ciMtAnI UMDI chApa te ja zabdomAM tAdaza dIThAmAM Ave che, ane tethI te carcAnuM spaSTIkaraNa thavA vistArapUrvaka vivaraNanI AvazyakatA che, ema dhArI Apane je parizrama ApuM chuM te kSetavya che, ema Apa svIkAraze ja. Apa e pakSa grahaNa kare che ke-brAhmaNavarganuM sthAna dhArmikatAthI yukta ane keleja Adi sAdhanAvaDe vidyAsaMpanna thaelA puruSAthI pUrAze, kAraNa ke e ja bhaviSyanA brAhmaNe che." ane evI sthiti lAbhakAraka che, e Apane spaSTa siddhAnta che. e pakSamAMthI nIce pramANe prazno utpanna thAya che 1 hiMduonI varNavyavasthA jAtibhedathI yAjAyela che, te ISTa che ke aniSTa che? aniSTa che te prAcIna Arya maharSioe tema karavAmAM bhUla karI che ke zI rIte? 2 hida zivAyanI prajAomAM varNavyavasthA jevo kaMI paNa sAmAjika bheda che ke nahi? ane e bheda rAkhavAnuM raNa jAti eTale janmayoga vinA anya prakAre ghaDI zakAya tevuM che ke nahi? 3 varNavyavasthA tuTatAM hiMdu prajAnA prajAne nAza thavAno saMbhava che ke nahi? A praznonuM samAdhAna karatAM, eka daSTibiMdu nahi, paNa aneka daSTibiMduo lakSya thaI zake che. zAstra pramANathI harakaMI praznanuM nirAkaraNa karanArAo saMskRta eTaluM zAstra samajatA nathI; paraMtu zruti smRti ane purANanI jyAM ekavAkyatA hoya, tene ja pramANu gaNe che. te sarvamAM paNa zratine ja pradhAnapada Ape che, ane tema karatAM banne pakSavAdIo zrImad bhagavadagItAnuM "cAturthArtha mA che juvAmiAyAH "--e vacanane svapakSane puSTikAraka dhAre che. tethI te vacananuM paNa yathArtha samajAvavAnI saMpUrNa AvazyakatA che. janmanA vegathI varNabhedane svIkAranArAo guNa karma pramANe ja kRta karmanuM phaLa bhegavavA punarjanma thAya che, ane tethI te sarva prasaMgane anurUpa nimAM ja janma prApta thAya che, ema ja samajI jAtibheda svAbhAvika ane Avazyaka heya, ema mAne che, tyAre vikAsakramavAda (Evolution theory) no hetu paNa tethI viruddha na ja hovo joIe, ema kahevuM yuktiyukta che. kemake vikAsavAdamAM paNa pUrvajapuNenI

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varNavyavasthA janmathI ke karmathI? saMkrAMti (Law of Heredity) nA niyamanuM agatyanuM tattva mAneluM che. vaLI Ape paNa "savane upakrama sasvarUpa tarapha ja hoya che, je svAbhAvika che, je thavuM joie, te ja thAya che; ityAdi zabdathI e vicAranuM samarthana karyuM che. vaLI janmanA yoga vinA hiduonA varNabheda je bheda sarvatra jovAmAM Ave che. mAtra eTale ja taphAvata che ke-tevI prajAomAM sAmAjika utkRSTatA athavA nikRSTatAnuM vibhAjaka sUtra vita thaI paDe che; vittathI nikRSTa te utkRSTa thaI zake che, ane tenA abhAvathI utkRSTa nikRSTa thaI zake che. e te sAmAjika bheda thayA. paraMtu jene ApaNe sudharelI prajAe kahIe chIe-teomAM varNabheda keTalo daDha ane baLavAna che, te jarA paNa gupta rahyuM nathI. manuSyanA guNonI kasoTI kadI paNa kADhI zakAtI nathI. karma prakRtijanya che. ane yunivarsiTi jenI kasoTI kADhavA prayatna kare che, tenAthI sAmAjika bhedanI vyavasthA karavAmAM Ave te keTalA badhA pArselone ApaNe brAhmaNa vargamAM mUkavA paDe! tema ja dhanadharAnA bhane vazya thaI, manuSya raktastrAvamAM buddhibaLa darzAvanAra bismAkane mATe kaMIka navIna varga ja sthApa paDe. e vigere aneka daSTie avalokana karI, AvA gaMbhIra praznonuM vistArapUrvaka spaSTIkaraNa je Apa jevA vidvAna tema ja AryadharmanA tattvane yathArtha samajanAra taraphathI thaze te ajJAnIone buddhibheda utpanna thato aTakaze, ema AzA rahe che. jijJAsu] (uttara) ** 1 prathama te rA. jijJAsune amArI "vicAramAlAne udeza samajAvavo paDaze. amAre kahevuM joIe ke "sudarzanane zraddhApUrvaka anusaranArA" evA zabdo vAMcI amane atyanta kheda thAya che. ame amArA patra mATe zraddhA mAgatA nathI, vicAra mAgIe chIe, ane amAruM sarvane eTaluM ja kahevuM che ke je jalAzaye A patranA Adya strIe pAna karyuM hatuM, ane jyAM vasaeNmAna tatrIe yathAzakti karyuM che ane kare che, tyAM svayaM cAlIne jaI tRSA nivRtta karavAthI ja lAbha che. kharekhara sva. maNilAlanA tera varSa paryantanA udAma kama pachI paNa gujarAtamAM svataMtra vicAra karavA tarapha lokanI pravRtti thaI na hoya te e bahu zokajanaka

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varNavyavasthA janmathI ke karmathI ? 43 rr " vArtA che. vaLI, " sarve saMzayeAnu chedana thaI... hRdayagranthi bhedAI jAya ' tyAre ja ' vicAramAlA ' caritArtha thaI gaNAya !--e dRSTibindu paNa amane abhimata nathI. ame teA manuSyanuM manuSyatva vicArI ema ja mAnIe chIe ke, zruti kahe che tema, 'vAvara' nuM darzana thAya tyAre ja hradaya granthi bhedAI jAya, ane sarva saMzayAnu chedana thAya.' ame pe|te vicArahIna jaDavat paDI rahI saMzayAtIta dazA prApta karyAnA daMbha karavA karatAM, aneka hRdayagranthi ane saMzayAlathI bhareluM manuSyatva svIkAravuM ja vadhAre pasaMda karIe chIe, ane amArA vAcakAmAM paNa e ja mAgIe chIe. * sudarzananA tantrIe kAMI jagatanA saMzanivArakanuM AcArya padma lIdhu nathIH e mAtra pAtAnA anubhava anya AgaLa mUke che, ene anubhava khIjAnA anubhava sAthe maLe che ke nahi e zAntithI vicArI jovA kahe che, yathAprasaMga kAraNeA batAve che, ane e ja rIte jANavA mAge che. sAmAnya nibaMdhamAM je uMcA prakAranI zailI, vicArapaddhati ane suzliSTatA sAcavavI paDe che tene badale kAI kAIvAra vadhAre sarala, vadhAre vAtacItane maLatI, ane judA judA aneka viSayAne kAMIka kAMIka cheDatI evI tarehanI paddhati vicAramAlA ' dvArA sudarzanamAM dAkhala karavA IcchA thaI che. kAraNa e patinA lAbha paNa judA ja prakAranA ane aneka che. Ama haiAvAthI svAbhAvika rIte dIrdhakALanA mananane pariNAme siddha evAM satyA thaDAka zabdomAM darzAvavAM paDe che, kAraNupradarzana kAMIka eka sthaLe kAMIka anya sthaLe karavAmAM Ave che, ane jyAM mAtra hisAbane javAba ja vAcaka AgaLa mUkavAmAM Ave che tyAM enI rIta svayaM kalpI levA vAcakane garbhita rIte vinaMti thAya che, jethI navIna abhyAsakanI vicArazakti----svayaM zrama karavAthI--keLavAya che, ane A rIte gabhIra praznone ceDAeka zabdamAM patAvI devAmAM' paNa mahattvanA hetu rahelA hAya che. amAre ema kahevuM joI e ke sva. maNilAlanI adhyAtma praznamAlA' nA dhAraNathI A dheAraNu kAMIka juduM ja che. mAtra khAAkAra uparathI sAmya mAnI levuM e bhUla che. " 6 ' * udAharaNa tarIke~~'saMskRta eTaluM zAstra" samajanArA jatAneA ApaNAmAM bahu mhoTA varga che evA amArA anubhava che. rA. jijJAsune anubhava evA na heAya te enA uttara eTale ja che ke--ApaNA anubhava maLatA nathI. A karatA adhika dalIla atre saMbhavatI nathI. pratyeka vAcake peAtAnI AsapAsa dRSTi pheravI satya nakkI karI lIdhuM haze ja. .

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varNavyavasthA janmathI ke karmathI ? . 2 bIjuM-uparanA patramAM rA. "jijJAsu" e je sabhyatApura sara ane jijJAsAnA AkAramAM carcA karI che te mATe emane upakAra mAnIemAM carcelA viSaya saMbaMdhe ame eTaluM kahIzuM te basa thaze ke - varNavyavasthA sarvathA aniSTa che evo siddhAnta amane ApatAM pahelAM amAre lekha eka karatAM vadhAre vAra vilokavA rA. "jijJAsu" e kRpA karavI joItI hatI. vaLI vartamAna samayanA nirjIva "vADAonA bacAvamAM paNa "ivolyuzana thiari" ("=vikAsakramavAda') nA bhavya nAmane Azraya lenAra gRhasthane e vAdanA vizALa sAhityano abhyAsa karavA, abhyAsa karyo hoya te manana karavA, ane manana karyuM hoya to zAMtithI punarAvartana karavA amArI namra vinaMti che. ame mAnIe chIe ke AvA zAnta vicAra mATe rA. "jijJAsu" e tasdI lIdhI nathI.-lIdhI heta te amAre emane smaraNa karAvavuM na paData ke "ilyuzana thiari "pUrvaja guNanI saMkrAnti (Law of Heridity)" nA niyamamAM ja samApta thatI nathI. keI paNa aMga svakArya karyA vinA lAMbA vakhata paDI rahe te te nirjIva thaI vinAza pAme che ane pachI "pUrvaja guNonI saMkrAnti"ne prasaMga ja rahetuM nathI e niyama paNa "Ivolyuzana thiarine ja bhAga che, ane ene AdhAre ame amArA brAhmaNabadhuone svakArya karavA tarapha pravRtta thavAne uodhana karIe chIe. bIjI rIte bolIe te, pUrvaja guNanI saMkrAnti"mAM rA. jijJAsunA karatAM vastutaH amane adhika zraddhA che mATe ja amAruM kahevuM che ke vartamAna brAhmaNomAM vidyA haze te bhaviSyanA brAhmaNamAM e sahaja rIte Avaze, nahi hoya te nahi Ave. vaLI rA. "jijJAsu" ne e paNa smaraNamAM levuM joIe ke jema sahaja (inherited) guNe saMtatimAM saMkrAnta thAya che, tema ja prApta (acquired) guNe paNa thAya che, ane tema thatAM jyAM vidyA lAMbA kALa vasaze tyAM ja bhaviSyamAM kharuM brAhmaNatva Avaze e amAruM vAkya, "ilyuzana thiara' thI dalIla karanAra gRhasthane agrAhya na ja hovuM joIe. vaLI guNanI sahajatA upara bhAra mUkatAM pahelAM eka vAta e paNa lakSamAM levA jevI che ke jema jema vikAsa kramamAM UMce caDhatA jaIe chIe tema tema svabhAva karatAM anukaraNa ane keLavaNInI asara adhika dIThAmAM Ave che ane temAM paNa deha karatAM AtmAnA

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varNavyavasthA janmathI ke karmathI ? minn guNemAM te ene bahu moTe bhAga rahe che. ame dilagIra chIe ke A sarva satyanuM rA. jijJAsune vismaraNa thaI gayuM che. paNa AmAM bahu Azcarya jevuM nathI, kAraNa sArA sArA lekhake paNa ardha samajAelAM sAyansa' nAM satyane vyavahAramAM ke durupayoga kare che e suvidita che. eka bIjI, pUrvanA jevI ja suprasiddha dalIla e che ke "janmanA yoga vinA hinduonA varNabheda je bheda sarvatra jovAmAM Ave che. kharI vAta che. paNa e anyatra jovAmAM Avate varNabheda beTe che ke sAre che? khe che te enA anukaraNathI zuM lAbha che? sAre che te dalIla khAtara ema paNa kema na kahI zakAya ke tyAMne varNabheda, "janmanA yoga vinAne che mATe ja sAre che ! amAre pitAne abhiprAya te e che ke anya prajAone joIe tevuM na pratIta thaeluM evuM zAstrIya satya prAcIna hindusthAnane jaDyuM hatuM-je satya vartamAna hindusthAna vAstavika rIte jotAM I beThuM che. hinduonI varNavyavasthA jAtibhedathI yojAela che" emAM svataH kAMI ja aniSTa nathI, paNa arthayukta jAtibheda e ja lAbhakAraka che, arthahIna jAtibhedathI kAMI ja phAyado nathI, ulaTI hAni che. game tevA manahara dehamAM paNa caitanya UDI gayA pachI te durgadha ja pedA thAya che e satya anne smaraNamAM lAvavA jevuM che. vartamAna dazA evI che ke nahi e viSe be mata thavAne te saMbhava ja nathI; tathApi "kAraNa ApyA vinA eka gaMbhIra praznane thoDAeka zabdathI patAvI devAmAM Ave che-evA ArepathI mukta rahevA mATe ame misisa eNni besanTane anubhava pramANu tarIke ane TAMkIe chIe. e kahe che - + " The lower down we go in the scale of animal intelligence the more seems due to inherited instincts: the higher we go the more is due to imitation and to the training rendered possible by the greater size and complexity of the brain, and necessary by the prolongation of infancy." -Darwinisin and Politics.' * A zabda mATe rA. jijJAsu nI ame kSamA IcchIe chIe. ame AkhuM vAkya "DArvinajhama enDa poliTikasa' nAmanA lekhamAMthI lIdhu che--je mULamAM A pramANe che -"It is instructive to notice the way in which half-understood scientific theories are misapplied to practical matters."

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* +', varNavyavasthA janmathI ke karmathI ? " It is clear and we all know it, however, devoted our belief in the Hindu faith may be, that the four castes of the old time are not really amongst us to-day. If we test them by the test of the Shastras, if we test them by the test of the Lawgiver, we shall find that they are shams to a very large extent, as much a sham and a farce in the East as the titles of the nobility are a sham and a farce in the West."* 446 kAI kahI zakaze ke A khAI hindudharma viruddha eka kSaNa vAra paNa bhUla kare ema che? prasaMgeApAtta atre e paNa UmerIzuM ke je varga uparanA amArA AkSepa A carcAnA viSaya thaI paDayA che. te vaga upara ja e A adhAtinA AraMbhanI javAbadArI mUke che. e kahe cheH---- "bhAIo ! huM tamane kahuM chuM--ane mhArA tamane mhAMemDo spaSTa kahevAnA haka che, kAraNa pazcima dezamAM jyAM tamArA upara AkSepa thAya che tyAM huM tamArA bacAva karUM chuM--ke A adhaHpAtanI zarUAta, je varNa sathI umadAmAM umadA hovI joIe, pavitra haiAvI joI e, jesathI ucca hAvI joIe, tyAMthI ja thAya che. 'x have ame pUchIzuM ke jo A pramANe spaSTa kharekharUM ekalI devAnA haka " " hiMdudharmamAM ApaNI game tevI dRDha zraddhA hoya tepaNu eTaluM teA khulluM che ane e ApaNe sa jANIe chIe ke prAcIna samayanuM cAtuveNyuM Aja ApaNAmAM kharekharUM jotAM nathI ja. ApaNe ene zAstronI kasoTIthI tapAsIe, zAstrakAra (manu)nI kaseATIthI tapAsIe, te! jaNAze ke te Ne bhAge DhoMga ja che, pazcimamAM jema amIrAnA khitAmA DhAMga ane phArasa ja che tema anne varNavyavasthA paNa DhAMga ane phArasa ja che." * " I say to you, my " brothers--and I have the right to speak to you plainly face to face, for I defend you in the West and there speak in defence of you where I find you attacked-I have a right to say to you face to face that the beginning of the degradation lies on the caste that ought to be the noblest, that ought to be the highest, that ought to be the purest;"

Page #504
varNavyavasthA 'janmathI ke karmathI ? 447 A dezane peAtAnI mAtRbhUmi kahI zakanAra eka paradezI khAimA che, teA eka hRdayane nathI ? ,, eka trIjI zaMkA evI che ke "varNavyavasthA tuTatAM hinduprajAnA prajAtvanA nAza pAmavA saMbhava che ke nahi ? " hinduprajAnuM prajAtya jo vartamAna samayanI nirjIva dazAmAM AvI rahetuM hoya tA kharekhara bahu durbhAgyanI vAta che. ane amane teA lAge che ke hinduprajA vakhatasara svaka bya samajaze nahi teA e sthiti bahu dUra paNa nathI. enA prajAvanI AzA tyAM sudhI ja che ke jyAM sudhI enA adbhuta bhUtakAla mATe ane mamatva che, jyAM sudhI sItA, rAma, pAMDava, draupadI, kRSNa, arjuna Adi nAma sAMbhaLI hindurudhira hindane eka cheDethI khIje cheDe sudhI sarakhI rIte uchaLe che paraMtu A bhUtakAlane vartamAna jovA kharekharI tIvra icchApUrvaka pravRtti jo nahi thAya, cAlatI vartudazAthI saMtuSTa rahevAmAM katavyabhaMganuM jo ene bhAna nahi thAya, teA vizvaniyamAnusAra asatpravRttinuM je piraNAma thavuM joI e te thaze ja----kAMIka thaI paNa cUkayuM che, paNa hajI thatuM aTakAvI zakAya ema che, ane e ApaNA hAthamAM che. vaLI, sAmAnya rIte prAcIna maharSine cAlatI dazA ISTa hAya ema mAnavuM e te emanI pavitra kIrtine kalaka AreApavA jevuM che. temAMnA sarvanAma vicArAnI ' ekavAkyatA' karavAnuM kAma te| jemane mAthe levA icchA hAya teo bhale le, ame te mAtra emAMnA eka mUrdhAbhiSikta vAkyanA ja atre upayeAga karIzuM. manunA zleAka suprasiddha ja che ke, (c yathA dArumayo hastI yathA carmamayo mRgaH / yazca vipro'nadhIyAnastrayaste nAma bibhrati // " jevA lAkaDAnA hAthI, " jevA cAmaDAnA mRga, tevA vidyA vinAnA brAhmaNu--" ' " * + rA. * jijJAsu " icche che. tevI ' ekavAkayatA ? ame cAra zabdomAM ja karI daizuM. subhAgye asaMkhya zlokA TAMkavAnI jarUra rahetI nathI. mULamAM manune zlAya ame mUkelA ja che, ane enI sAthe " thI ji 2 manuvarta tadveSanam " e zruti mUkI lezeA eTale rA. * jijJAsu ' nI IcchAnusAra amArA siddhAntane anukUla " ekavAkyatA " thaI jaze--jo ke amAre A sthaLe kahevuM joIe ke * zAstra ' nA saMbandhamAM rA. jijJAsue batAvelA vicAra amane saMmata nathI. : '

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448 varNavyavasthA janmathI ke karmathI? ' arthAta brAhmaNa nahi paNa brAhmaNakAra ramakaDuM-brAhmaNabhAsa. jAti uparathI guNakarmanuM anumAna karavuM rA. jijJAsu vAjabI gaNe che. paraMtu A anumAnanuM yathArthe jAtimAM sarva hoya tyAM sudhI ja saMbhave che e bhUlavAnuM nathI. eni besaMTanuM kahevuM mAna ApavA jevuM che ke jAti uparathI guNakarmanuM anumAna karavuM te karatAM guNakarma uparathI jAtinuM anumAna karavuM vadhAre egya che. upaniSamAMnuM satyakAma jAbAlanuM prakhyAta AkhyAna paNa A prasaMge smaraNamAM levA jevuM che. A siddhAnto have vicAradazAmAMthI AgaLa laI jaI AcAradazAmAM UtAravAno samaya Avyo che eTale A viSe adhika vistAra karavo amane arucikara lAge che. ane amAre kahevuM joIe ke hajI sudhI paNa vartamAna jAtibheda nirjIva ane aniSTa che e satyanA samarthana mATe "aneka daSTie avalokana" karavAnI jarUra rahetI hoya to e kharekhara bahu Azcarya ane khedanI vAta che. AzA che ke ATalA ja TUMkA paNa kAMIka digdarzaka uttarathI rA. jijJAsune sArI rIte saMtoSa thaze ke upara batAvyA ** Suppose a Brahman Soul-I mean a highly developed, a spiritual Soul is seeking incarnation, and comes to India and searches for a Brahman's family, and finds the Brahmans ignorant of Sanskrit, of the Vedas, and of the real meaning of the Shastras, and finds with them the outer appearance and no inner reality; and suppose he finds the inner reality in some other caste or even in some other race ? Suppose in a Shudra family he finds men and women who are pious, religious, who lead noble, pure and useful lives; it may well be that the Brahman Soul takes on the outer degradation of the body, prefering the degradation of the physical to the degradation of the spiritual. For what is a Real Brahman? A Brahman Soul or a Brahman Body? - sArAMza:-"ema dhAre ke eka brAhmaNa jIva avataravAno che; hindusthAnamAM sarvatra brAhmaNemAM ajJAna che, ane zudra varNamAM vA anya prajAmAM vidyA che; have kahe ke e jIva kyAM avataraze ? e brAhmaNadeha pasaMda karaze ke brAhmaNajIva ? khare brAhmaNa keNu? brAhmaNadeha ke brAhmaNachava?

Page #506
varNavyavasthA janmathI ke karmathI ? pramANe (1) amArA pakSamAM ja "ilyuzana thiarine vAstavika ane saMpUrNa svIkAra che; (2) anya prajAne agocara evuM zAstrIya tatva mAtra hinduone paNa te prAcIna hinduone ja-vidita hatuM, ane vartamAna nAtajAta' te lagabhaga durgandhamaya mRta zarIra samAna che; (3) hindu prajAnuM prajAtva je AnA upara ja AdhAra rAkhatuM hoya te AvI nirjIva sthiti maTADI emAM jIvana lAvavAnI jarUra che; (4) manuvAkya paNa amArI tarapha che, ane tethI rA. jijJAsue batAvelA "ekavAkyatA'nA nyAye zruti paNa amArI tarapha che, kAraNa kRti kahe che ke - "ca kiM = majurayara ejana" baje kaI manue kahyuM che te hitakArI che." [ sudarzana; phebruArI 1902 ]

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5e zAstradaSTie "harijana"ne prazna zAsadaSTie "harijana"no prazna eka mahApaMDita zAstrI mahArAjanI vAta che ke emane tyAM eka jaNa vyavasthA (dharmazAstranA viSayamAM nirNaya) levA gayo. mahArAja jamIne paDakhuM karI sUtA hatA, ane baMne tarapha thiIonA Dhaga paDyA hatA. sUte sUte ja zAstrIjIe vyavasthA ApI dIdhI. bIje divase kAMIka zaMkA paDatAM e ja mANasa pharI pUchavA gayo. A vakhate paNa mahArAja kAlanI mAphaka ja jamIne ArAma letA hatA, paNa te bIje paDakhe. Aja emaNe kAla karatAM ulaTI ja vyavasthA ApI ! te uparathI pelA mANase prazna karyo ke "mahArAja ! kAle Ape kahyuM hatuM tethI Aja Apa ulaTuM ja kahe che. ema kema ?" zAstrIjIe uttara ApeH "kAle huM kayI tarapha he karI sUte hato ? " pRcchakera "DAbI tarapha." zA. "ane Aja"? pRcchakaH "jamaNu tarapha." zAha "have khulAso thayo ? gaI kAle hArA moM AgaLa pelI piothIo hatI ane Aja A che eTalAmAM badhuM samajhI leje." A vArtAne je kaMI puruSa hindudharmazAstronA upahAsa mATe upayoga karaze te enuM rahasya kadI paNa samajhI zakaze nahi. "jevA vibhinna skRta vibhinnA nAnI duniphTa ma mitra"--e jAnI mahAbhAratanI ukti che--ane e uktimAM nedhelI vividha matabhedarUpI vastusthiti e hindudharmanA jIvana svarUpanuM bhavya cihna che. hindudharmano ItihAsa ochAmAM ochA pAMca sAta hajAra varSane che, ane te paNa ethansa ke pelesTAIna jevaDI hAnI bhUmine nathI, paNa eka mahaTA khaMDane che. ane te paNa eka ja jAtinA loko nathI, paNa aneka jAtinA loko, teonA paraspara vyavahArano tema ja parihAra (tyAga) ne che. temAM paNa vaLI hindudharmazAstra eTale sAmAnya dharmanAM vacano nahi, paNa upara kahI tevI hajAra varSanI, eka heTA khaMDanI, aneka jAtinI aneka saMskRtionI gUMthaNuM-jemAM senA rUpA ane loDhAnA judA judA tAra oLakhI zakAya che, keTalIka vAra mahAtmAonA upadezarUpI agnithI aneka dhAtuonI eka lagaDI thaI gaelI ja najare paDe che, vA eka ja dhAtune svAbhAvika vA Agantuka mela agninI javALAthI kAI jato

Page #508
zAstradaSTie "harijana"ne prazna kyA dekhIe chIe. AvI sthitimAM, hindudharmazAstranAM vacanAmAM je bhinnatA daSTigocara thAya che e e zAstrane eka unmattanA pralAparUpa na TharAvatAM, hindudharmane eka adbhuta bhavyatA arpe che. upara jaNAvyA pramANe zAstronAM vacananI vibhinnatAmAM deza, kALa, prasaMga, adhikAra ane upadeSTAnA sAmarthya uparAMta paNa eka kAraNa che ane te te te zAstranI vizeSa daSTi arthAta je zAstrane aMge e vacana uccAravAmAM Ave che te zAstrane aMge ja enuM prAmANya samajhavAnuM hoya che, eTale ke chevaTanA nirNayamAM te te zAstranuM balabala tapAsavAnuM rahe che. jemake, arthazAstra karatAM dharmazAstra baLavAna ane dharmazAstra karatAM mekSa (adhyAtma)zAstra baLavAna-je balAbalane siddhAnta spaSTa zabdomAM ApaNuM zAstrakAroe svIkAryo che.* atre eka vAta vaLI vizeSa jANavA jevI che. dharma' zabda ApaNe gujarAtImAM je arthamAM vAparIe chIe tenA karatAM saMskRtamAM e zabdane artha eka rIte vizALa, ane bIjI rIte saMkucita che--jethI dharmazAstranuM prAmANya ane gaurava AMkavAmAM ghaNIvAra bhUla thAya che. hindusthAnanA dhArmika jIvananA ItihAsamAM eka evo samaya Avyo ke je vAre dhArmika jIvananI be bhAvanA spaSTa judI paDI gaI eka bhAvanA pravRttinI ane bIjI nivRttinI, eka karmanI ane bIjI jJAnanI, eka gRhasthanI ane bIjI vAnaprastha vA saMnyAsanI. Ama thayuM eTale "dharma'zabdane vizALa arthe rAkhI, "pravRttidharma ane nivRttidharma ema dharmanA be varga pADavAmAM AvyA; athavA te e ja zabdanA arthane saMkocAvIne brahmayAne "adhyAtmazAstrathI pRthapha "dharmazAstra rAkhavAmAM AvyuM. tAtparya ke ApaNe jene dhArmika jIvana kahIe chIe, e saMbadhI zAstranA siddhAnta jANavA mATe ApaNe "dharmazAstra' uparAMta brahmavidyA yAne adhyAtmazAstranA grantha avalokavA joIe, ane temAM dharmazAstra karatAM adhyAtmazAstra, dharmamImAMsA karatAM brahmamImAMsA,uccatarapramANu manAya che e lakSamAM rAkhavuM joIe. * jemake mAMsabhakSaNa ane yajJamAM hisA. + juvo "smRticindrikA mAM dezadharma ane kAladharma saMbandhI prakaraNa, arthazAstra vaDhavAghamiti ritika che" yAjJavaya smRti tathA dharma kama)mImAMsA ane brahmamImAMsA, yAne pUrvamImAMsA ane uttaramImAMsA para bhASyakAranAM vacana.

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para zAstradaSTie "harijana"ne prazna vaLI adhyAtmazAstrathI dharmazAstra juduM paDayuM eTale dharmazAstrathI naitika bhAvanA paNu alaga thaI jaIne deza jAti kula AdinA AcAra-e AcAra ane svatanna nitika bhAvanAne vidha prakaTa thaIne keTalIkavAra ema paNa banyuM che ke eka ja pustakamAM baMnenI neMdha levAmAM Ave che, ane zAstrakAranuM tAtparya e AcAra upadezavAnuM nahi, paNa bane te e AcAra tyajI ene sthaLe UMcI naitika bhAvanA sthApavAnuM hoya ema dekhAya che. paNa jeTale aMze "Lawgiver' yAne kAyadA bAMdhanAranA arthamAM e puruSa dharma"--zAstrakAra che teTale aMze ene pracalita rUDhi yAne lokanA rItarivAjarUpa vastusthiti svIkAravI paDe che, ane jeTale aMze e "Moral teacher' yAne naitika bhAvanA upadezanAranA arthamAM dharma-zAstrakAra che teTale aMze e dharmazAstrakAra pracalita rItarivAjane oLaMgI enI pAra jaI bese che. vaLI A uparAMta eka jhINuM vicAravA jevI vAta e paNa rahe che ke amuka vacana kenA sukhanuM che, arthAta kyA zAstrakAranuM che-matAbdha zivapanthI ke vispanthInuM che, matAbdha jinamArgI ke vedabhAganuM che, eTaluM ja nahi paNa kayA pAtranuM che-ajunanuM ke bhImanuM, yudhiSThiranuM ke dhRtarASTranuM ke viduranuM? balake kayA prasaMganuM che? ane te pUrvapakSanuM che ke uttarapakSanuM? emAM manuSyanI uccabhAvanA yAne siddhAnta upadezavAnuM tAtparya che ke sAmAnya manuSyaprakRti ane enI durbaLatA AlekhavAne Azaya che? AvI AvI dekhItI jhINI paNa zAstrArthanirNayamAM bahu mahattavanI evI ghaNI vAto che je lakSa bahAra rAkhavAthI ghaNu anartha thAya che. upalI vAtanAM keTalAMka paracuraNa udAharaNe saMbhArI jaI je muddAnI vAta mATe A lekha lakhyA che te upara AvIzuM. "tamAna rAtad rAtti kanairapi" e mahAbhAratanI paMkti che paNa emAM rahelI nIti upadezavAne mahAbhAratakArano Azaya che ema keNa kaheze? athavA to sAmAnya koTinI nItibhAvanAmAM paNa ene koNa saMdharaze? "rAjaramArtha raju dharmasAdhana-" emAM ghaNuM satya che. paNa zarIrane paMpALI rAkhavA mATe paNa A paMkti ghaNuM vAra kAya che. paraMtu keNa lakSamAM rAkhe che ke pArvatIne tapazcaryAne aDaga nizcaya kasavA sAru zivajIe uccAreluM A vacana pUrvapakSa che, uttara pakSa nathI. mahAbhAratamAM dhRtarASTra vAraMvAra kahe che ke-viSyameva ja maLe jaM vAnartha " (nasIba e ja heTI vAta che. puruSArtha

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zAstradaSTie "harijana"prazna 453 jutinAM paraspara ja che; eka ThekANe ema ke jANe eno nakAme che.) paNa vastutaH mahAbhAratakAranuM A siddhAntasUtra che ema mahAbhAratanuM upadezarahasya vicAranAra kadI paNa kaheze nahi. "vAminay vivApu rApathe nAsita patavAma" "strIo AgaLa ane vivAhanA kAmamAM jUThA sogana khAvAmAM pApa nathI."--evuM manusmRtinuM vacana che. ane ene maLatAM gautama ane vasiSThanAM paNuM vacana che. paNa vastutaH emAM manuSyaprakRtinI nirbaLatA neMdhavA uparAMta zAstrakAranuM vizeSa tAtparya mAnavA kAraNa nathI.* vaLI ziva viSNu vagere devatAonI nindA ane stutinAM paraspara viruddha asaMkhya vacane purANamAM maLe che; eka ThekANe bhasma drAkSanI stuti te bIje ThekANe enI nindA, eka ThekANe tripuDano vidhi te bIje ThekANe ene niSedha, paraMtu e sarva zivaviSNurUpa eka ja paramAtmAnuM kharuM tattva bhUlIne durAgrahanI madirAthI cakacUra banelA janoe dAkhala karI dIdhAM che e suprasiddha che. paraMtu e nindAnA mULamAM te te janonA AcArarUpI aitihAsika kAraNa paNa rahyuM che e bhAgavatanI dakSa prajApatinA yajJanA dhvasanI kathA vAMcavAthI samajhAze. ka vastutaH A vacanamAM mahAbhAratakAre adbhuta sAmarthyathI dhRtarASTranA pAtanuM rahasya sUcavyuM che. A vacanathI dhRtarASTra vAra vAra potAnI nirbaLatAne bacAva kare che-jema jema enA kuLa upara vinAza dhasata Ave che tema tema emAMthI vizeSa zIkhAmaNa levAne badale e saghaLI bhAvinI ramata che ema samaje che, ane A samajaNane pariNAme e krame krame vadhAre ne vadhAre nirbaLatAnA gartamAM DUbate jAya che--juvo mahAbhAratanuM upadezarahasya." * manusmRtimAM e vacana je sthaLe che tyAMthI uThAvI levAmAM Ave te enI pahelAMnA ane pachInA zloka vacce saMbandha tUTato nathI, badhe ThIka besI jAya che. vaLI, A eka sAmAnya lokoktine ja anuvAda che ema manaskRtine eka vidvAna aMgreja TippaNukAra kahe cheH "I regard this verse as a proverbial saying independent of the position in which it is found, like many others in our text.".' bIjA udAharaNa mATe ju-"ApaNe dharma yudhiSThiranuM asatya kathana" (pR. 177) jyAMnA prasaMgane kavinI dRSTie na avalokavAthI mahAbhAratakArane anyAya thAya che.

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4pa4 zAstradaSTie "harijana"ne prazna zAstronAM vacanane mukhya bhaMDAra-mahAbhArata ane smRtio, jene vicAra atre prastuta che temAM, "avirata tavazvana carita ja tat varita " (= "je AmAM che te ja bIje che, ane je ahIM nathI, te bIje kyAMya nathI.") evI jenI stuti che e granthamAM-mahAbhAratamAM-zuM na maLe ? seMkaDe varSanI aneka jAtinI ane aneka prAntanI saMskRtio e mahAna granthamAM pratibismita thaI che.- mahAbhAratanA anuzAsana parvamAM umA-mahezvarasaMvAdamAM ThIka ja kahyuM che ke - dharmA bahuvidhA loke zrutibhedamukhodbhavAH / dezadharmAzca dRzyante kuladharmAstathaiva ca / jAtidharmA vayodharmA guNadharmAzca zobhane / zarIrakAladharmAzca ApaddharmAstathaiva ca / etaddharmasya nAnAtvaM kriyate lokavAsibhiH // mULa kRtinA bhede karIne, tema ja deza kuLa jAti vaya guNa zarIra kALa ane Apattine laIne, dharmamAM aneka bheda UpajyA che. smRtio te (emAM bane tyAM sudhI AryatA dAkhala karavAne yatna karatAM chatAM) jAtajAtanA rivAja svIkArIne ja pravarte che. baudhAyana kahe che? vSaSA vipattiA rakSitaH tattarataH zAni rakSitastaani vyAkhyAsyAmaH / yathaitadanupanItena sahabhojanaM bhAryayA sahabhojanaM paryuSitabhojanaM mAtulapitRSvamRduhitagamanamiti / atho. ttarataH UrNAvikrayaH sIdhupAnamubhayadadabhyavahAraH AyudhIyakaM samudrayAnam / itara itarasmin kurvan duSyatIti / dezaprAmANyAt / " pAMca bAbatamAM uttara ane dakSiNanA AcAramAM phera cheH vagara joI dIdhelAnI sAthe jamavuM, strI sAthe jamavuM, vAzI khAvuM, mAmA pheInI kanyA paraNavI ema dakSiNamAM cAle che. Una vecavAno dhaMdho karo, dArU pIve, be dAMtanAM janAvarane AhAra karavo (manamAM niSedha che), zastrothI AjIvikA (lazkarI sipAhIgIrI) karavI, dariyAI saphare javuM (A paNa upalA zabdanI mAphaka AjIvikAnA arthamAM samajhavAnuM che, eTale ke khalAsIne dhandha karo) AvA uttaranA rivAja che. A uparAMta bahaspati, devala, gautama ane varAhamihira vagere te te dezanA AcAra gaNave

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zAstradaSTie "harijana"ne prazna 55 che tathA pALavAnuM kahe che. bRhaspati tema karavAmAM kAraNa batAve che ke " dezajAtikulAnAM ca ye dharmAstatpratitAH / tathaiva te pAlanIyAH amaratyayathA prA." "deza kuLa ane jAtinA dharma jevA cAlyA Ave che tevA ja pALavA, nahi te prajAmAM khaLabhaLATa thaI jAya."-- arthAta rAjyanI zAnita khAtara A niyama che. AvA rivAjone banatAM sudhI Arya karavAne manu Agraha dharAve che, ane kahe che ke raviritN yat syAt dhArmikaizca dvijaatibhiH| taddezakulanAtInAmaviruddhaM gharapata" arthAta ucca nItinI bhAvanAne banatAM sudhI deza kula ane jAtinA rivAja sAthe joDavI. A sidhu nadInA taTathI kanyAkumArI sudhI prasaryAM e daramiyAna emaNe kevA kevA rItarivAja joyA haze ? e rItarivAja jevAthI tathA enA saMsargamAM AvavAthI emanA pitAnA rItarivAja upara kevI kevI asara thaI haze - e itihAsane mahimA samajhanAra kema bhUlI zake? manusmRtimAM Asura rAkSasa paizAca Adi vivAhanA, ane kuMDa golaka gUDhaja kAnIna apaviddha Adi putranA prakAra nedhyA che tethI e jAtanA putra utpanna karavAmAM manune Azraya levo ucita gaNAze? vizALa dezanA ane aneka jAtinA kAyadA bAMdhanAra tarIke manune pitAnA pUrvakALanA tema ja pitAnA . samayanA niA vyavahAra paNa dhyAnamAM rAkhavA paDyA che. e vyavahArane nItinI bhAvanAthI sudhAravAne vA UkheDavAne paNa pite yatna kare che. paNa e vyavahArane eka smRtikAra tarIke e bhUlI zake nahi. AnuM eka udAharaNaH "niyoga (bhAInI vidhavAmAM prajotpatti)ne rivAja e varNave che, paNa anete kahe che ke venarAjAe varNone saMkara karI dIdhe te pachIthI niyeAga ninya gaNAya che. bIjuM udAharaNa mAMsabhakSaNa-brAhmaNa jAtimAM paNu-manusmRtikArane jANItuM che. ane aneka jAtanAM mAMsamAM e bhakSyAbhakSyane viveka kare che, paNa "pravRttiSa jUtAnAM nivRttisu mIM rA" Ama eka ja vAkyamAM mAMsabhakSaNane cAlu rivAja--e pratye manuSyanI svAbhAvika pravRtti noMdhavAnI sAthe, ahiMsAnI UMcI bhAvanA tarapha potAnuM attaranuM valaNa prakaTa karI de che. ghUta ramanArane dezapAra karavAnuM e kahe che, paNa kharekhara vyavahAramAM e AjJA amalamAM mUkAtI " tataH prabhRti yo mohAt pramItapatiko triyam / niyojayatyapatyArtha taM hi gaInti sAdhavaH" //

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456 zAstradaSTie " harijana " prazna hAya tA dyUta ramanArA hoya ja kema ? te chatAM tenuM astitva hAine ja zrAddhamAM emane nAtaravA nahi ema manujIne niSedha banI zake che. AvatI kAle zuM khAzuM enI darakAra karyAM vagara sAduM ane UMcuM vidyAnuM jIvana brAhmaNAnuM AlekhyuM che, ane enA sATAmAM alke ene AdhAre, brAhmaNAne keTalAka vizeSa adhikArA paNa ApyA che, paNa te sAthe keTalAka brAhmaNeA mAMsa vecavAnA dhanyA paNa karatA haze ema batAvanArUM manusmRtimAM vAkya paNa che ! manumahArAja savarNa bhAryAM paraNavAnA upadeza kare che, pachI anuleAma vivAha sudhI saMmati Ape che, chatAM pratieAma vivAhanI paNa anekavidha santati varNave che. A jotAM manusmRtinA samayanI sthiti paratve e anumAna saMbhavecheH savarNa ane anuaAmanA niyama bhaviSya mATe hAya ane pratiaAma vivAha chUTathI cAlatA hoya; athavA te, savarNa ane anuaAma vivAha ja ucita gaNAtA hAya, ane mAtra keTalIka jAtinI utpatti viSe pUrvakALanA pratiaAma vivAhathI khulAsA karavAnA yatna thatA hoya. AmAMnuM khIjAM anumAna saMbhavane vizeSa anusaratuM che. A pratiaAma vivAhathI utpanna thatI santatinAM je nAma ApyAM che temAMnAM dhaNAM tA mULasaMskRta ke tadbhava prAkRta paNa nathI, kiMtu anArya che: jemake pausa-putta; keTalAMka saMskRta che, te paNa enA artha sAthe saMbandha dharAvatAM nathI--jemake vAja. arthAt A jAtionI mULanI anAryatA manusmRti vakhate bhUlAI gaI che, anAryo Aya janasamAjamAM bhaLI gayA che, ane mULa te| e AryAM ja che evI sundara kalpanA dAkhala thaI che. x A jAtanA lAke prathama antyAva* A lekhamAM anArya' zabdanA artha sindhu ane sarasvatIne kAMThe vaselA AryaleAkathI bhinna eveA samajavA. vartamAna saMskRta bhASA e paNa hindamAM vaselA ArTInI eka avAntara jAtinI ja bhASA che ane khIjI Arya jAtionI bhASA enA mukAbalAmAM TakI zakI nathI, ane mAtra caiAhAka zabdo mUkatI gaI che ema dhaNA vidvAneAnuM mAnavuM che. A rIte keTalIka lupta thaelI AryajAtionA paNa anArya zabdanA arthamAM samAveza thAya che. A nirNayane manusmRtinA TakA cheH " mukhabAhUrupajjAnAM yA loke jJAtayo vahiH / mlecchavAcazcAryavAcaH sarve te dasyavaH smRtAH ~~~~arthAt 'dasyu' ( A lekhanA ' anArya ' )mAM Arya ane mleccha ubhaya bhASA kheAlanArI keTalIka jAti Ave che. 37 " x brAhmaNaH kSatriyo vaizyakhayo gharNA dvijAtayaH / caturtha ekanAtistu co nAsti nu paOmaH / AthI ulaTuM, manunuM bIjuM vacana veH

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zAstradaSTie "harijana" prazna 457 sAyI, "atyaja' "atizaka' gaNutA, ane emAMnA keTalAka jate dahADe zadranI paMkti paNa pAmyA. e lokonI sAthe je adhamatA ane aspRzyatAnuM vizeSaNa joDAeluM che e mULa emanI anAryatAnuM ane e anAryatA sAthe joDAelAM guNakarmanuM pariNAma che. have zAstrakAroe kayI kayI jAtine "atyajamAM gaNAvI che e joIe "rajakazcarmakArazca naTo buruDa eSa ca kaivartamedabhillAzca saptaite cAntyajAtayaH (jAH smRtAH)" bIjI- "vahAra cAra sattA sUto hatA . mAgadhA''yogavau caipa sarve chantyAvasAyinaH" // AmAMnA "rajaka' (bI) ane "carmakAra' (camAra) ne "atyaja' gaNavAnuM kAraNa emanA dhandhAnI malinatA che ja. paNa bAkInA bIjA atyaja zAthI? kAlidAsAdi kavionAM nATaka jevAM tevAM prAcIna nathIemAM naTa' atyaja jANatA hoya ema lAge che? spaSTa che ke "naTa" zabdathI AryajAtinA naTa nahi, paNa doraDAM upara nAcanArI hIna jAti prAcInakALamAM e dhaMdhe karatI haze tene enA dhaMdhAnA kAraNathI nahi, paNa anAryatAnA kAraNathI, ane e anAryatA sAthe joDAelI AcAra ane dehavatrAdikanI malinatAnA kAraNathI "atyaja' kahI che. "buDa' zabda te spaSTa rIte ja anArya che. varta" -mAchIne ghadhe paNa anArya " mukhabAhurUpajAnAM yA loke jAtayo bhiH| mlecchavAcazcAryavAcaH te sUcaH zrutA" arthAta dasyu te brAhmaNa kSatriya vaizya ane zadra e cAranI bahAranI jAtiH A bene viredhaparihAra evI rIte ke AryasamAjamAM mAtra cAra ja varNa, pAMca nahi-ane dasyuo e varNa bahAra krame krame e ja janasamAjamAM bhaLyA, ema siddha karavAne A lekhana uddeza che. vizALa daSTi thatAM manune tyAM sudhI bhAsavA lAgyuM ke-"navaier kriyAlopAdimAH kSatriyajAtayaH / vRSalatvaM gatA loke brAhmaNAdarzanena c| pauNDakAcaur3adraviDAH kAmbojA yavanAH shkaaH| paardaapaduvAthInA pitAH rAH hara" brAhmaNa dharmathI bhraSTa thavAthI kSatriye zuddhatAne pAmyA ane teonI pauDUka, oDa, kAja, yavana, zaka, pahalava, cIna, kirAta, darada ane khaza e nAmanI jAtio baMdhAI. A kalpanA paNa anArya jAtine Arya mAnI levAnI IcchAthI UpajI che.

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58 zAstradaSTie "harijana"ne prazna che. meda' ane "bhila" paNa khullAM anArya nAma jaNAya che. bIjA zlokane Aga" paNa evI ja keI jAtinuM vAcaka che. "vaidehaka' ane "mAgadhane ghadha malina nathI, ane e prAcIna hindusthAnanA amuka prAntanA vatanIonAM nAma che e ApaNe jANIe chIe. eTale have vicAra e upasthita thAya che ke e prAntanA saghaLA ja vatanIo atyaja gaNatA hoya che temAM te samayanI temanI anAryatA sivAya bIjuM zuM kAraNa hoI zake? "sUta'ne dhAtu sAthe saMbadha mAnI ene artha anaurasa putra mAnIe ane evA putrane hIna jAtinA gaNuM emane atyaja'mAM lekhyA hoya e saMbhave che. "kSattAnA mULa dhAtune enA artha sAthe koI saMbandha besatuM nathI. eTale, mAgadha vaidehaka sUta ane kSattAne pUrvokta saeNkamAM bhale atyaja kahyA, paNa ItihAsamAM emane aspRzya gaNyA hoya ema jovAmAM AvatuM nathI. vidura, karNa maharSaNa janaka sudakSiNa e zuM aspRzya gaNAtAM hatAM ? buddha ane mahAbhArata balka upaniSatkALathI mAMDI Aja paryanta te e jotinA loka aspRzya gaNAyA nathI. te pachI spaSTa che ke AvA vacane ati prAcIna- anaryakALanI ja kaIka sthiti upara racAelAM che. ane manu vagere smRtiomAM e sau jAtione AryonA anuloma pratiloma-vivAhathI UpajelI varNasaMkara jAtio tarIke varNavI che emAM pUruM aitihAsika satya nathI. jemake bharjakaMTaka, Avanya, vATadhAna, sala, mala, licchivi, "trothAM kSatriyA sUta" ema sUtanI utpatti kahevAya che. ane kaurma purANamAM vaLI juduM ja varNana cheH vaicaThya putho vartamAne mallatamanaH sutyAyamamavatkRtaH prathamaM vakrata-Ama sUtanI yajJamAMthI utpatti kahI che, ane purANAntaramAM maharSaNanAmanA sUtane (jeNe zaunakAdika RSione purANa saMbhaLAvyAM) zAnaka muni "sidupara mRtasUtanirmajamAna ityAdi zabdomAM varNave che. + dilIpanI patnI "sahya rASiSyana nAnA mAdhavAnA ! patno pu tvArIkaas a fr"-raghuvaMza. * "pu" kahevAnuM kAraNa ke te vakhate varNasaMkara jAtio te thatI haze ane te pahelAM thaI paNa haze, paNa varNasaMkara tarIke varNavelI ghaNuM jAtio vastutaH varNasaMkara nathI paNa anArya che, e emanAM nAma uparathI, tema ja nAmane janmanA prakAra sAthe saMbaMdha na hovAthI spaSTa jaNAI Ave che.

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zAstradaSTie " harijanA "nA prazna 459 kAruSa, Avartaka, TadhAnaka, puSpazekhara, sajjala, ammA, zilIndra, dhigvaNu, pArazava, chatrapa, dAla, ulUka, vatsara, AbhIra, mauSTika, mAhiSma, maMgura, maDsa, mauSkila, kukakuTaka; khasa, pusa, cugna, mattu ityAdi asaMkhya jAtionAM nAma ane varNasaMkaraprakAra manu yAjJavalkayAdi smRti tathA mitAkSarA uparanI khAla bhaTTI TIkAmAM joI levAM. ' itihAsanA dIpa vinA ekalAM zAstranAM vacana vAMcavAthI satya jaDe ema nathI e batAvavA mATe ATalA vistAra karyAM. have eka tatkAla upayeAgI muddAnI vAta upara AvIe. upara 'antyaja' jAtimAM 'ca'DAla' ane zvapaca' gaNAvyA che temAM "kSattutistacoprAyAM capAja kRtti ItitaH--'kSattA' pitAthI grA' mAtAmAM utpanna thaelA te zvapAka,' ema zvapAka' vA paca'nuM varNana che. AmAM kSattA' ane 'ugra' zabda che enA arthaH zUdra pitA ane kSatriya mAtAthI utpanna thaela te 'kSattA,' ane zuddha mAtA ane kSatriya pitAthI utpanna thaela te 'u' e pramANe che. eTale have zvapAka te krANu e samajhAyuM. zUdra pitA ane kSatriya mAtAthI utpanna thaelA puruSa zUdra mAtA ane kSatriya pitAthI utpanna thaelI kanyA sAthe paraNe ane santAna UpajAve te e santAna 'zvapAka' ke RRpaca' kahevAya. have paca' zabdanA avayavArtha vicArAH kUtarAM rAMdhIne khAnAra te vhapaca.' have kahe ke kSatriya ane zUdranA vivAhathI e peDhImAM evI adhamatA AvI jatI haze ke ene pariNAme mANasa kUtarAMnuM mAMsa khAvA lAgI jAya, ane aspRzya ane teA pachI khulluM che ke zrupaca' nAmanI mULa aspRzya jAti che te kUtarAM khAnAra kAka anArya jAti che. khIjo zabda caMDAla' vA* cAMDAla': ane enuM varNana 'caMDAla' eTale zudra pitAthI brAhmaNI mAtAmAM utpanna thaela te caMDAla'nA guNa bhAgavatamAM nIce pramANe varNavyA cheH-- ' C OM A TIkAnuM vaLajJAtiviveka ' nAmanuM prakaraNa prAcIna madhyakAlIna ane arvAcIna bhAratanI jAtie saMmanlI zeAdha karavAmAM bahu upayeAgI thAya evuM che. jene samaya heAya te prathama enuM aMgrejImAM bhASAntara karI pachI sensasa riporTanI madadathI tathA jAte hindusthAnamAM karIne e saMbandhI zeAdha karavA besI jaze te| helAithI kAI paNa yuniRrsiTinI DAkTaranI DigrI meLavI zakaze. * Ayogavazca kSattA ca caNDAlazcAdhamo nRNAm / prAtilomyena jAyante zUdrAdapasadAstrayaH // manu0

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zAstraSTie " hirajane 'ne prazna azaucamanRtaM steyaM nAstikyaM zuSkavigrahaH / kAmaH krodhazca tarSazca svabhAvo'ntevasAyinAm // --< azauca, asatya, cArI, nAstikatA, zuSka kalaha, krodha ane tRSNA e antyajone svabhAva che.'x ahI paNa e vicAra upasthita thAya che ke eka zUdra brAhmaNa kanyA sAthe paraNe ane prajotpatti kare te e prajA upara jaNAvelA guNavALA thaI jAya e saMbhava che ? anumAna te ema ja thAya che ke mUla ' caMDAla' te ca'Da prakRtinI anArya jAti hevI joie ane enAthI dUra rahevA mATe ene aDavAnA niSedha che. rAmAyaNumAM ApeluM caDAlanuM nIcenuM varNana vAMcatAM enI anAryatA spaSTa dekhAI Ave che. 40 atha rAtryAM vyatItAyAM tasyAM rAjA babhUva ha / caNDAladarzano rAma sadya eva durAkRtiH // nIlapItAmbaradharo raktAmbarakRtottaraH / saMrabdhatAmradhorAkSaH karAlo haripiGgalaH / RkSacarma nivAsI va lohAbharaNa bhUSitaH // --rAta pUrI thatAM, lAla ane vikarALa dekhAva, lIle| pILA raMga, leADhAnAM AbhUSaNu, ane rIMchanuM cAmaDuM pahereluM----evI cAMDAlanI AkRti rAjAnI thaI gaI. A varNana uparathI tema ja anyatra jovAmAM AvatAM zmazAnavAsa vagere lakSaNa uparathI caMDAla e eka anAya jAtinuM ja vizeSanAma hAvuM joie e khulluM che. chatAM upara jaNAvelA* saMkarathI ja e jAti utpanna thaelI mAnIe tApaNu sAdhAraNa zUdra ane brAhmaNInA vivAhathI upara cItarI che tevI caMDatA saMbhavatI nathI. eTale ca'DAla-mAtA brAhmaNI anArya zUdrane dher nIkaLI gaelI mAnavI joie. have vartamAna samayanA x A AAka zikSakaeNApayeAgI hindu vedadharmanA " cAra varNI"nA pAThamAM meM TAMkayeA che. e saMnye eka antyajazALAnA zikSake mane AkSeparUpe lakhI meAkalyu ke antyajo svabhAve AvA nathI heAtA, mane dilagIrI thAya che te eke zikSake e vAtamAMthI je anumAna kADhavuM joItuM hatuM te na kADhayuM, ane nRthA mhArA upara kApa karyo: anumAna spaSTa che ke zAstrakArae je antyajone aspRsya gaNyA che te uparanA guNavALAne ja. brAhmaNImAM zAthI.

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zAstradaSTie "harijana"ne prazna DheDa camAra ane bhaMgI ju, ane kahe ke emanI AkRtimAM upara varNavI tevI anAryatA dekhAya che? eomAM paramAra, cohANa, solaMkI vagere kSatriyakuLanAM nAma che ane e e e kuLamAMthI patita thayA che evI emanI sAMpradAyika kathA che. vaLI, prAcIna granthamAM caMDAla" ke "cAMDAla" zabdanA sahagAmI zabda "zvapaca" ke "zvapAka", "paukasa' ke "pukkasa' jovAmAM Ave che ane te spaSTa rIte anArya che. yajuvaidamAM puruSamedhamAM paulkasanA balidAnane vidhi che ethI paNa enI anAryatA siddha che. - ApaNA pUrvajoe anAryane paNa Arya karI lIdhA, ane ApaNe Aryane paNa aspRzya kahI bahAra kADhIzuM ? kSaNavAra bhAne ke hAlanI aspRzya jAti e prAcIna cAMDAlo ane zvapanI ja saMtati che, tathApi pUrvanI sthitithI UtarI paDelA brAhmaNone tame pUrvavata brAhmaNa mAne che, te pUrvanI sthitimAMthI sudharelI aspRzya jAtine 'tame spRzya nahi mAne? keTalo anyAya ? dhaMdhAnI ane AcAranI malinatAnA kAraNathI emane sparza kara ThIka na lAge e samajhAya evuM che, paNa teo khristI thaI svaccha rahetAM zIkhe che tyAre ApaNe emane aDIe chIe ane te gya che, te ja rIte hindu rahIne teo svacchatA pALe te zA mATe e aspRzya rahevA joIe? paNa A viSayamAM hindu janasamAjano mata ekAeka badalAI javo saMbhavita nathI. pRthvInA saghaLA lemAM mULa sAcA brAhmaNa jeTalI svacchatAthI rahenAra keI loka nathI, eTale brAhmaNonA netApaNuM nIce Uchare hindu janasamAja malinatA pratye asAdhAraNuM jugupsA dharAve e svAbhAvika che. paraMtu atyAre brAhmaNomAM paNa mULanI svacchatA rahI nathI e jotAM have e rUDhi hasavA jevI thaI paDI che. tema, aspRzya varga paNa pitAnI malinatA tyajI bAkInA janasamAjanA durAgrahane saMpUrNa rIte be pADavAnI jarUra che. chevaTe eTaluM ja kahevAnuM ke ApaNA bhAIoe zAstronAM vAkAne jaDatAthI vaLagI na rahetAM enA mULamAM rahelA itihAsa upara dhyAna devuM joIe ane enA prakAzathI zAstranuM marma samajhavA yatna karavo joIe. mi. velsanI sAthe maLIne "Upon the matter of the teaching of karavAhAToDavA 4i jauhavAroDapaurayA (buhadAraNyaka upaniSada).

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462 zAstradaSTie "harijana"ne prazna history I am a fanatic" ema kahevAnuM mana thAya che. A aitihAsika daSTibindu rUDhine vaLagI rahI zAstrArtha karanArane paravaDatuM nathI, paNa ApaNA pUrvaje aitihAsika sthiti pramANe zAstrone anusaratA navAM zAstro racatA ema batAvanArA ghaNu dAkhalA che. vakhate ja kAnta hatA te e che? e zo sAMbhaLyuM che ane " sindhusauvIrasaurASTrAna tathA pratyantavAsinaH / aGgavaDakalizAya gatvA saMskAramahati / -A vAkyamAM sibdha sauvIra saurASTrAdi dezomAM janArane punaH saMskAra yAne pharI joI devuM paDe ema kahyuM che. chatAM kRSNa pAMDava vageree e dezamAM javAthI jaI badalyAnuM kayAMya sAMbhaLyuM che ? ane atyAre paNa e pramANe keNa kare che? e dezo je samayamAM sTeccha jAtiothI AkrAnta hatA te vakhatane mATe ja e vacana hatuM ane te vakhate ja e paLAtuM. have e sthiti badalAI gaI che tenI sAthe rivAja paNa badalAI gayo che. manusmRtinA TIkAkAra medhAtithi "AryAvarta' ane "myuccha deza ' kene gaNavA e bAbatamAM lakhe che ke- "myuccha brahmAvarta vagere deza jItI laIne emAM vase to te sveccha deza samajha, ane koI Aya kSatriya rAjA oNpzane chatI emanA dezamAM cAturvaNyanI sthApanA kare ane AryAvartamAM jema cAMDAlonI vyavasthA karI che tema myucchenI vyavasthA kare to e mleccha deza paNa vasiya (yajJa karavA lAyaka Arya) gaNAya." AvuM marmagrAhI daSTibindu zAstrArtha-vicAramAM AvavuM joIe. - zAstrArthavicAramAM A aitihAsika daSTibindu uparAMta eka heTI jarUra kharA UMDA ane gaMbhIra arthamAM dhArmika dRSTibindunI che. upara jaNAvyuM tema, saMskRtamAM "dharma" zabda lokanA rItarivAjanA arthamAM vaparAI jato hovAthI, tema ja adhyAtmazAstrathI bhinna evA karmakAMDanA arthamAM paNa saMkocAI gayela hovAthI, dharmanA viSayamAM sAmAnya leke joIe tevI vizALa dRSTi dharAvI zakatA nathI. AthI vyavahAra ane paramAthe vacce teo kRtrima bheda pADe che, ane amuka te amuka adhikArInuM ja evuM atizaya niyatraNa kare che. jemake, vyavahAramAM paDelA gRhastha jANe saMnyAsadharma bilakula pALavAne ja na hoya, jJAnanI te jANe saMnyAsI thayA vinA AzA ja rAkhI na zakAya, zaMkarAcArye manapApaMcakamAM heDa

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zAstraSTie " harijana" ne! prazna sAthe paNa AtmabhAva anubhavyA e AtmabhAva tarapha gRhasthe te! jANe mukha paNu karavAnuM na hoya--evI evI bhrAntio pravarte che. manuSyajanma dubha che, e prApta thayA pachI AkhA janmArA karmakAMDanA vidhi-niSedha pALavAmAM ja gALavA, sanyAsa na laI zakAya teA saMnyAsanI jhAMkhI paNu na karavI e sthiti kharA dhArmika hRdayane mATe viSama che. udaya pAmatA pahelAM udayagirinI pAchaLa rahIne sUrya jema pRthvIne UjALe che, tema ApaNAM adhyAtmazAstra paNa dharmazAstrane na UjALe? [vasanta, zrAvaNa-bhAdrapada, saMvata 1988 ]

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464 spRzyAspRzyatvamImAMsA 17 spRshyaaspRshytvmiimaaNsaa| yannAmadheyazravaNAnukIrtanAta yatpravaNAdhatsmaraNAdapi kvacit / zvAdo'pi sadhaH savanAya kalpate kutaH punaste bhagavannadarzanAt // - bhAgavatam / annamayAdannamayamathavA caitanyamevacaitanyAt / dvijavara dUrIkartu vAJchasi kiM brUhi gaccha gaccheti // manoSApaJcakam // nArAyaNaM namaskRtya naraMcaiva narottamam / daivIM sarasvatIM cApi zAstraM kimapicintaye // adhunA bhAratavarSe cANDAlAdipadavAcyatvenAbhimatA ye jAti vizeSAH santi te vedAnusAribhirvaNaH spRzyA aspRzyA veti viSaye mahatI vipratipattidarIdRzyate // aspRzyA eva, teSAM sarvadharmazAstraiH sAkSAt prAyazcittavidhAnamukhena * vA spRzyatvaniSedhAt-ityekaH pkssH| spRzyA eva " ekodevaH sarvabhUteSu gUDhaH" ityAdhaikAtmyapratipAdakazrutiprAmANyAt," "vidyAvinayasaMpanne brAhmaNe gavi hastini / zunicaivazvapAke ca paNDitAH samadarzinaH" iti bhagavadvacanAJca ityaparaH pkssH| evaM vipratipattAvupasthitAyAmAdautAvat sAmAnyataH vipratipattirahasyaM cintyte| pazcAt vipratipattiparihAraM vidhAya siddhAntaM sthirIkariSyAmaH / / asti kila bhAratavarSe paNDitapurI nAma nagarI / tatra ko'pi vikalpanAtho nAma mImAMsApArAvArapArINa AcAryavaro nivasati / sa ekadA''tmanaH sarasvatImandirAkhye pustakAgAre kAnapi granthAn paryAlocayan divAsvApo niSiddha iti jAnannapi dharmaghazAnmuhurtamA nidrAmagamat / nidroparame yadA netre unmIlayati; tadA sthasamIpe baddhAJjaliM kimapi puruSamapazyat / tena puruSeNAcAryavaraH saprazrayaM prArthitaH-'bhagavan / asmin dharmaviSaye nirNaya dAtumaIsI'ti / evaM kasmizcit dharmaviSaye nivedite AcAryaNa tapranirNayo dttH| kintvanena tasya saMzayo dviguNIbhUtaH / tena

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spRzyAspRzyatva mImAMsA 465 punarapyAcAryaH pRSTaH-'bhagavan / pUrvadhurmayAlahAgatAya sama pratinivezane'sminneva viSaye bhavatA'nyaiva dharmavyavasthA dattA atha tu tadviparItaM katha mucyate ?' AcAryaH praznamukhenottaramadAt / 'tasmindine'hamuttarAbhimukha Asam dakSiNAbhimukho vA / ' uttarAbhimukha iti puruSeNoktam / AcAryo'vadat-'adya tu ?' puruSa Aha-'dakSiNAbhimukha' iti / tadAcAryeNAbhihitam -yAni pustakAnIdAnImamAbhimukhaM santi teSvevayeva pratipAditaM, yAni punaH parasminnahanyAsaMsteSu tadviparItamiti // iyamAkhyAyikA nAstikaH parikalpiteti naiva mantavyam / "vedA vibhinnAH smRtayo vibhinnA nAsaumuniryasya mataM na bhinnam" iti mahAbhAratakAreNApyuddhoSitatvAt / kintvetAvatA bahuvidhamatabhedena zrutismRtyAdipramANagranthAnAmaprAmANyaM prasajyeteti na bhetavyam / kuto neti cecchrayatAm / idameva zAstrANAM bhUSaNaM yatteSu vipratipattayo vidyante / kasyacid alpajJasya jovasya kRtau ekameva mataM saMbhavati kiMtu "sahasrazIrSA puruSaH sahasrAkSa" ityAdizrutyuktasarvavyApakamahApuruSasya kRtau sahasravidhA matavizeSA paraspara virodha parihAya nivaseyustatra kimAzcaryam ? / evamapi virudvAnAmavirodha iti unmattapralapitamiti cenna / aviruddhAnAmeva virodha iti bhASyate na viruddhAnAM virodha iti / viruddhAnAM satAM kathamaviruddhAnAmityucyate iti cenna / virodhaparihAro'smAkaM zAstravidbhiH kvacidupasargAevAdanyAyena, kvacittAmAnyavizeSakalpanayA, kvacidguNapradhAnabhAvAGgIkAreNa, kvacidadhikAribhedavimarzana kvacivaktRzrotraucityacintayA, kvacitprayojanabhedadarzanena kvacicchAstrabhedAnusaMdhAnena ceti bahudhA kRtaH / kvacittu teSAM vaiyadhikaraNyena virodha eva na jAyate / ata eva mahAbhArate'nuzAsanaparvaNi kecana dharmabhedA prignnitaaH| tadyathA dharmA bahuvidhA loke zrutibhedamukhodbhavAH dezadharmAzvadRzyante kuladharmAstathaiva ca jAtidharmA vayodharmA guNadharmAzca zobhane zarIrakAladharmAzca ApaddharmAstathaiva ca etaddharmasya nAnAtvaM kriyate lokavAtibhiH /

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spRzyAspRzyatvamImAMsA evam " antaHpuruSeNa kAlarUpeNa yo bahi'stasya dharmaprabhavasya sarvAdhAramahApuruSasya dezakAlAyupAdhInAM nAnAtvaM tattadupAdhyupahi'tatvaM ca iti sarva samaJjasam // dezakRto bhedaH bodhAyanenaivamudAhRtaH--" pazcadhAvipratipattiH dakSiNataH tthottrtH| yAni dakSiNatastAni vyAkhyAsyAmaH / yathaitadanupanItena lahabhojanaM bhAryayA lahojanaM paryuSitabhojanaM mAtulapitRSvamRduhitRgamana miti // athottarataH / UrNAvikrayaH sIdhupAnamubhayadadabhyavahAraH AyudhIyaka samudrayAnam / itara itarasmin kuvana duSyatIti dezaprAmANyAt // " kAlakRto dharmabhedo yathA satyayuge ye dharmA na ta eva tretAyAM dvApare kalau caa| tathA ca manu:-" anye kRtayuge dharmAstretAyAM vaapre'pre| anye kaliyuge nRNAM yugahAsAnurUpataH" iti / tathA'nyatrApi manurAha--tataH (venarAjyAta) prabhRti yo mohAtpramItapatikAM khiyam / niyojayatyapatyArtha taM hi garhanti sAdhavaH // " iti / api ca kalau saMnyAse niSiddhe'pi na sarvathA saMnyAsAbhAvaH iti kalmAddhetorityucyatAm / upAdhibhedAt ityeva vktvym| kalau saMnyAsinAM durAcAramanusaMdhAya, yathArthasaMnyAsasya duSkaratvaM ca vicArya kaizcitsmRlikAraiH kalau saMnyAso niSiddhaH / naitAvatA'yaM niSedhaH sArvajanIna iti kazcitprajJAvAna manute / evameva-sindhusauvIralaurASTAMstathA pratyantavAsinaH / aGgavaGgakaliGgAMzca gatvAsaMskAramahati // apica-aGgavaGgakaliGgAMzca laurASTrAn magadhAMstathA // tIrthayAtrAM vinA gacchan puna saMskAramarhati // -ityuktaM tatra zlokachaye pAThabhedo kAlabhedAt dezabhede, ata eva dharmabhede, pramANam / yadhayaM niSedhaH sanAtanaH syAt tarhi bhagavAn kRSNaH yadA yadA hastinApurAt saurASTrAn gatvA tato hastinApuraM punarAgatastadA tadA saurASTragamananimittakaM prAyazcittaM kRtavAniti kalpanIyaM syAt / tasvazrutapUrvam / nAsmAbhirvartamAnasamaye vA takriyate / tatkasmAddhetoH ? / kRSNasya saurASTrANAM yavanairanAkrAntatvAt / idAnImapi tathAtvAt satsvapi yavaneSvAryAcArapAlanasya niSpratyUhatvAt /

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spRzyAspRzyatvamImAMsA 467 tasmAt cANDAlatvenAbhimatAnAmaspRzyatvasiddhaye smRtivacanAnAM pramANatayopanyAsamAtreNa neSTArthasiddhiH / idAnIMtanAcANDAlatvenAbhimatA jAtivizeSAH purAtana cANDAlasadRzA eva santi aspRzyatvabIjaM ca teSu pUrvavadeveti, yAvanna sAdhyate tAvanna teSAmaspRzyatvasiddhiH / zAstramaryAdAM bahumanyamAnA api savaijanAH ajA iva satRNAbhyavahAriNo mA bhUvana kiMtu haMsavannorakSIranyAyena zAstrANyAlocayantu, tatvaM copAdhitaH pRthakRtvA gRhNAntu-ityasmAkaM savinayamabhyarthanA // idAnImantyajAnAmaspRzyatve yAni yAni smRtivacanAnipramANatayopanyasyante teSAM sarveSAM bIjabhUtAni vacanAni vizeSato manvAdismRtipalabhyante tasmAttAnyevAtracintayAmaH atriNoktaM-rajakazcarmakArazca naTo buruDa eva ca / kaivartamedabhillAzca saptaite cAntyajAH smRtAH // atra rajakacarmakArayorantyajatvaM tajanyamaspRzyatvaM ca spaSTameva // naTazabdenAtraindriyajAliko jAtivizeSa eva vivakSitaH,na tu nATakaprayogAdau bhUmikAM gRhNannaTaH / anyathA bharatamuneH bharataputrANAM pAripArzvakAdInAM cAntyajatvApattaraspRzyatvApattezca / prAcInasamaye idAnIM ca kvApi tAdRzA naTA aspRzyAnaiva bhavantIti sarvasammatam / buruDo 'pi ko'pyanAryajAtivizeSa eveti pratibhAti sAhacaryAdanAryanAmnA ca vyavahArAt / buruDo veNupAnAdinirmAtA iti kecit / kiMtu tatra tasyAntyajatve na veNupAtrAdinirmANa hetuH kintvanAryatvam / veNupAtranirmANamAtreNAntyajatvAnupapatteH / / buruDoveNuvAdanajIvIti kecit / evamapi veNuvAdanakarmamAtreNa buruDatvaM nAyAti / bhagavataH zrIkRSNasya buruddtvaaptteH| na vA veNuvAdanajIvitvena / tasyAntyajatve'prayojakatvAt / tasmAt buruDo jAtivizeSa eva yo manusmRtinirmANasamaye veNuvAdanenAtmanaH AjIvikAM kRtavAna / / kaivartamedabhillAzcApi jAti vizeSA eva / kaivartazabdena naukarmajIvI jAtivizeSa ucyate / kaivartasparzana bhagavatA rAmacandreNa kaivartakanyAyAH sparzana parAzaramuninA vA, sacalaM snAnaM kRtamiti tu kutrApi na zrUyate / __ medA bhillAzcAraNyapazuhiMsakA anAryajAtivizeSAH ata eva teSAmantyajatvaM smRtamityapi suprakAzam //

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468 api ca kAsucit smRtiSu pukkasazabdacANDAlazvapacasahacaro dRzyate so'pyanAryajAtivizeSavAcaka eva / pukkalazabdasya spaSTatayAnArya katvAt / spRzyAspRzyatvamImAMsA atha-caNDAlaH zvapacaH kSattAto vaidehakastathA / mAgadhAssairat caiva sarve hyantyAvasAyinaH // ityaGgirasA yatsmRtaM tadvicAryate / kSatriyAdvaizyakanyAyAM sruto bhavati jAtitaH / vaizyAn mAgadhavaidehau rAjaviprAGganAsutau // zUdrAdAyogavaH kSattA caNDAlazcAdhamo nRNAm / vaizyarAjanyaviprAsu jAyante varNasaMkare || api ca sa eva - iti manuH / AyogavazcakSattA ca caNDAlazcAdhamo nRNAm / prAtilomyena jAyante zUdrAdapasadAstrayaH // vaizyAnmAgadhavaidehau kSatriyAtsUta eva tu / pratIpamete jAyante'pare'pasadAstrayaH // ityAha / tatra Ayogavo'nAryo jAtivizeSaH / evaM mAgadho'pi tatsazo magadhadezanivAlI purAtanaH kazvijAtivizeSa eva / anyathA yadi sarve'pi mAgadhA nAma magadhotpannA magadhanivAsino vA'ntyajAH syuH, dilIpasya patnI " tasyadAkSiNyarUDhena nAmnA magadhavaMzajA / patnIsudakSiNetyAsIdadhvarasyaiva dakSiNA // "" sA'pyantyajeti prApnuyAt / evaM vaidehako'pi purAtano jAtivizeSaH / yadi sarveSAM videhanivAsinAmantyajatvaM syAt jaganmAtuH sItAyA brahmavido janakasya ca kiM na syAt ? / tasyApi yadyantyajatvaM raghukulatilakarathAzvaprerakasya sumantrasya, pavitre naimiSAraNye zaunakAdInAM puraH purANAni kathayato romaharSasya ca, kA gatiH 1 / tathaiva ca kSatturvidurasya cAntyajatvApattiH / evaM sthite'ntyajAnAM kutrAntarbhAvaH iti paryanuyoge idamuttaram - brAhmaNaH kSatriyo vaizyastrayovarNA dvijAtayaH / caturtha ekajAtistu zUdronAsti tu pazcamaH // iti manuH /

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spRzyAspRzyatvamImAMsA atra "nAsti tu paJcamaH" itysyaaymbhipraayH| 'niSAdapazcamAzcatvAro varNAH' / ityuktyA niSAdAdInAM cAturvarNyabAhyatvaM sUcyate iti tu naiva mantavyam / caturNAvarNAnAmanulomapratiloma vivAhakRtena saMkareNotpannatvAcAtuvarNya eva teSAM saMgrahAt / kiM bhunaa| "zanakaistu kriyAlopAdimA ksstriyjaatyH| vRSalatvaM gatA 'loke brAhmaNAtikrameNa ca (brAhmaNAdarzanena ca ityapi paatthH)| pauNDUkAzcaudraviDAH kAmbojA yavanAH zakAH / pAradA palavAzvInAH kirAtA daradA khazAH" iti bAhAnAmapi jAtInAM kSatriyatvakalpanena purAtanetihAsajJAnena vA mahArAjocitaudAryeNa vA manunA cAturvarNya eva saMgrahaH kRtaH / suviditametaditihAsavidA yabahavaH zakA yavanAH pahnavAzcAdau vedadharma bAhyA api pazcAt vedadharmamaGgIkRtavantaH zivaviSNvAdideSAMzcArAdhayAmAsuH / ata eva suSThuktaM zrImadbhAgavate kirAtahaNAndhrapulindapulakasA AbhIrakaGkA (sumA ityapipAThaH) yavanAH khasAdayaH / ye'nye ca pApAstadupAzrayAzrayAt zudhyantitasmai prabhaviSNave nmH|| atraitadapyavadhAryam yadasmAkaM draviDAnAmapi pUrvasmizchloke vRSalatvaM pratipAditam / anena pramANena yadi vayaM draviDatvAda vRSalAstAsmAkaM traivarNikatve'zanipAtaH saMjAyeta / ata evAtra draviDapadena draviDanAtivizeSa eva grAhyo yo'dhunAtanadraviDebhyaH prAcInataro babhUva / zvapacasya zvapAkakarmahetorantyajatvaM tu yuktameva / evaM caNDAla. syaapyticnnddprkRtivttyaa'ntyjtvmuppdyte| ayaM caNDAlo'pi ko'pyanAryo jAtivizeSa evAsIt / tatra-- atha rAjyAM vyatItAyAM tasyAM rAjA babhUSa hai / caNDAladarzano rAma sadha eva durAkRtiH / nIlapItAmbaradharo raktAmbarakUtottaraH / saMrabdhatAmraghorAkSaH karAloharipiGgalaH / RkSacarmanivAsI ca lohAbharaNabhUSitaH // iti vAlmIkirAmAyaNagataM varNanaM pramANam / naitAzAzcANDAlA bhAratavarSe adhunA santi / tasmAdete aspRzyAzcANDAlatvAt iti

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470 spRzyAspRzyatvamImAMsA vAkyaM svarUpAsiddhahetvAbhAsaduSTam / yathA vayamidAnIMtanAdrAvir3AH manuvacanaprAmANyAdapi vRSalA na bhavAmaH purAtanadrAvir3ebhyo bhinnatvAt , tathaivedAnIMtanAzcANDAlA api manuproktA'ntyajA ata eva aspRzyA na bhavantIti siddham // athAntyajAnAM devakulapravezo zAstreSu niSiddho na veti vicAyate / asmin viSaye niSedhavAkyAni kAnicidupalabhyante kintu tAnyaspRzyatvanibandhanAnIti pUrvoktamImAMkhayA teSAmaspRzyatve nivArite tAni sarvANi svayameva nivartante / bhagavadbhaktyAM yathA'smAkaM cAturvaNikAnAmadhikArastathA teSAmapi / teSAM cAtuvarNya evAntarbhAvAt pazcamavarNasya manunA niraakRttvaat| athavA / / "yasmin paJca paJcajanA AkAzazca pratiSThitaH" iti zruteryadi zaGkarAcAryakRtaM vyAkhyAnaM parigRhyate tarhi pAzcavayaM teSAM saMgrahAt // " ya iha kapUyacaraNA abhyAzo ha yatte kapUyAM yonimApadheran zvayoni vA khakarayoni vA cANDAlayoni vA" iti zrutivacanabalena prAktanapApakarmavipAkapAravazyAjovacANDAlAdInAM pApayonau sthUlaM zarIraM labhate iti yairucyate te tu kSataM kRtvA tasmin kSAraM nivezayanti / tattu na vayaM mRSyAmahe | cANDAlena cANDAlajAtau janma labdhvA kena prakAreNa manaHrAmAdhAnaM kartavyamanyaivarNaizca pApakarma kathaM parihartavyamityevAsyAH zrutestAtparyam / tasmAdetacchratestAtparyasya pUrvabhAgo cANDAlairuttarabhAgo'nyairvaNairanusaMdhAtavya iti zrutirahasyam // api ca " namaH zvabhyaH zvapatibhyazca vo namaH" iti zvapatInAM zvapacAnAM vA rudratve siddhe teSAM daivatAyatanapravezaniSedho naiva saMgacchate / ata eva rantidevaH zvapacAyAnnaM datvA prnnmti| tathA ca bhAgavatam- tacca datvA namazcakre zvabhyaH zvapataye vibhuH|" antyajAna pratyasmAbhiH kathamAcaritavyamityatra zrImadbhAgavatasyekAdazaskandha evamupadiSTam yat // visRjya smayamAnAn svAn zaM krIDAM ca dehikIm / praNameddaNDavabhUbhAvazvacANDAlagokharam / yAvatsarveSu bhUteSu madbhAco nopajAyate / tAvadevamupAsIta vAGmanaHkAyakarmabhiH // "

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spRzyAspRzyatvamImAMsA 471 'nanu etattu sarveSu bhUteSu bhagavadbhAva prAptavato janAnuddizyoktaM, tena kimasmAkam ? / naivam / " yAvatsarveSu bhUteSu madbhAvo nopajAyate tAvadupAlIte"ti spaSTaM bhagavadbhAvakAMjiNa uddizyoktam / bhagavadbhAvakAGkSA ca sarvaiH kartavyA, na kevalaM siddhaiH kintu saadhkairpi| patadRdRSTayabhAvAdeva keSAMcit AcAra eva dharmaH parisamApyate / vastutastu yenAtmatvadhAraNaM jagatazca svaniyame dhAraNaM kriyate sa dharmaH / / ataeva bhagavatA gItam "vidyAvinayasaMpanne brAhmaNegavihastini / zuni caiva zvapAke ca paNDitAH samadarzinaH // " nanu yadi cANDAlAdInAM etAdRzaM kriyate tahiM kathaM zAkheSu teSAM pApayonitvaM pratipAdyate ? / iti cenna / na pratipAdyate kintu anudhata eva / idamatrAkUtam / pApayonitvavacanaM lokabuddhayanuvAda eva na vidhiH lokabuddhimapAkRtya tatra paramAtmabhAvo bhAvanIya iti vidhAveva zAstrasya taatpryaat| yathA puruSasUkte brAhmaNo'sya mukhamAsIdityAdi mantreNa lokasiddhavarNacatuSTayamanUdha tatra puruSAGgabhAvanayA ekazarIrAGgatvena varNAnAmaikyaM vidhiyate tadvat / ayaM vidhinatvanuvAdastatra kiM liGgam iti cet , asya sUktasya paramAtmA devatA iti liGgam // evamevAsya mantrasyAnadhigatArtha gantRtvena prAmANyam // nanu zAstreSu jJAnabhaktipratipAdakAni vAkyAnyarthavAdarUpANi, na vidhirUpANi atastAdRzAni vAkyAni aspRzyasparzajanyapApanivArakaprAyazcittavidheviruddhatvAdapramANAni arthavAdAdvidhibalIyAniti nyAyAt-iti kecit / evaM vAdinastvarthavAdarahasyameva na jAnanti / arthavAdo nAma arthapradhAno vaadH| arthavAde na vAcyArthoM vivakSitaH kiM tu tAtparyArthaH / iyAneva vidhyarthavAdayobhaidaH / gRhIte ca vivikSitAthai tayorvirodhaH balAbalakalpanA ca na saMbhavati / evamarthavAdavAcyArthAdvidhyarthasya balIyastve'pi arthavAdatAtparyArthAdvidhyarthasya na balIyastvam / pratyuta yathA'rthazAstrAddharmazAstraM balIyaH tathA dharmazAstre'pi karmakANDAda bhaktikANDaH jJAnakANDazca bliiyaaNsau| yadA yadA hi dharmasya glAnirbhavati bhArate tadA tadA prAyazo jJAnabhaktyupekSaiva tatra kAraNam / AcAragRhasya dve vAtA

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ka72 spRzyAspRzyatva mImAMsA yane jJAnaM bhaktizca / yAvadime vAtAyane apAvRtya, vAyurvai pratyakSa brahmAstIti smRtvA, tenAcArasya satataM zuddhirna vidhIyate tAvadasmAkamAcAro niSprANaH na ca tatra paramAtmano vAsaH saMbhavatIti prANapratiSThAmantreNApi kiM kRtaM syAdityapi sudhIbhirvibhAvanIyam / tasmAt UrSabAhuvirautyeSa mahAtmApuNyapattanAt / sarvadharmAnparityajya zrIkRSNaM zaraNaM vraja // tameva zaraNaM gatvA sarvabhAvena bhArata / ' tatprasAdAtparAM zAMtimacireNAdhigacchati / / zrUyatAM dharmasarvasvaM zrutvAcaivAvadhAryatAm / AtmanaH pratikUlAni pareSAM na samAcaret // // iti // kAzI [vi. saM. 1989 mArgazIrSa kRSNa 6] [prasthAna, pauSa 1888]

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graMthAvalokana

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jaDa ane cita," '475 - "jaDa ane cita" (sara livara loje kareluM phesara hekalane ke siddhAntanuM khaMDana) - praphesara hekala chavavidyA (Biology) nA eka uttama zAstrI tarIke, tathA jarmanImAM DArvinanA siddhAntanuM vivaraNa karanAra tathA prasiddha karanAra tarIke, kharekhara bahu UMcI pratiSThA bhegave che. emanuM "The Riddle of the Universe"="vizvarahasya" jevuM eka vizALa viSaya upara lakhAeluM ane sAdhAraNuM rIte kaThina pustaka lekamAM ATale badhe pracAra pAme ane ghaNuM vicArazIla vAcakonA samUho--temAM paNa mukhyatve karIne nipurNa-kArIgara varga-ene satkAra Ape, e.emanI lekhaka tarIkenI zaktine thoDuM mAnadAyI nathI. te paNa, prophesara hekalanI prakRta viSaya mATe ATalI badhI yogyatA chatAM, samasta vizvanA padArthane pitAnA jJAnane viSaya gaNI, e saMbadhI pramANabhUta ane bhaviSyamAM kadI paNa na caLe evA rUpamAM siddhAnta uccAravAne emane paNa adhikAra che ke kema e zaka paDatuM che. . * prophesare hekala ane sara livara lAja baMne atyAre pazcimanA pratiSThita mahAvidvAno che. prophesara hekale egaNusamA zatakanI samAMtinA varSamAM "The Riddle of the Universe" nAme eka pustaka e zatakanI pUrNAhutirUpe racI bahAra pADyuM hatuM. emAM prakRtimAM jaDa, ane jaDamAMthI cetana e utpattikrama svIkAryo che. A siddhAntane cekasa nAma ApatAM advaitaprakRtivAda" (eTale ke prakRti sivAya bIjuM kAMI ja nathI evo vAda) kahI zakAya. emAM prakRtithI vilakSaNa puruSa-catanya mAnavAmAM AvatuM nathI, tethI sAdhAraNa rIte enI jaDavAdamAM gaNanA thAya che. sara olivara phaija citanyavAdI che. emaNe thoDA vakhata upara "barmiMgahAma insTiTayUTamAM pramukha tarIke uparanuM bhASaNa ApyuM hatuMemAM prophesara - helanA siddhAnta upara vivecana karyuM che, ane enI khAmI batAvI che. sara livara lIja jevA mahAvidvAnanA tAjA vicAre gujarAtI vAcakane savistara; bhASAtara rUpe maLe te ThIka, ema dhArI e bhASaNu atre - gujarAtImAM utAryuM che. -

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476 "jaDa ane cita" jeonI ema samajaNa hoya ke phesara heka pratipAdana karelI Monism"="advaitaprakRtivAda" nAmanI sAyansanI philasuphIthI dhArmika zraddhAne pAye bedAI game che ane dharmanI sakala ImArata uthalapAthala thaI gaI che, teone mAre raskinanA zabdonuM rUpAntara karIne ATaluM kahevuM paDaze ke -"na mAnaze ke tamArA hAthamAM evuM pustaka AvyuM che ke jemAM vizvasaMbandhI chevaTanuM satya uccArI devAyuM che, ane jemAM saghaLA pUrva jamAnAnI bhUlomAMthI zuddha satyane vimukta karavAmAM AvyuM hoya." A "Monism"="advaitavastuvAda" te zuM che? phesara hekala, A vAda jANe kaIka navIna zodha hoya e rIte lakhe che. paNa kharuM jotAM enAM ghaNuM rUpa thaI gayAM che, ane eka ke bIjA rUpamAM e eka prAcInakALamAM pleTenA karatAM paNa A vAda june che, cheka pAminAIDIjhanA vakhatane che. vAstavika rIte jotAM, thatA anubhavano khulAso karavA mATe e eka mAnI lIdhelI kalpanA che, tattvajJAnane e eka taka che, vizvamAM ekatA grahaNa karavAno eka prayatna che--je ekatA tarapha manuSyabuddhi anivArya rIte ThelAtI dekhAya che. sanmAtra eTale ke sakala vizva mAMhyathI akhaMDa ane ekarasa che, emAM kAMI paNa anya padArthanuM mizraNa nathI, je che te kevala ekAkAra che, ema anubhavamAM levA mATe eka adhiSThAnasatamAM sakala vizvano samAveza karavAmAM Ave che, ane A paridazyamAna bhedamaya prapaMcane AbhAsane samUha-mithyA-gaNavAmAM Ave che. vizvane khulAso karavA mATe-emAM jhaLakatI ekatAne buddhimAM ghaTAvavA mATe A kalpanA ghaNuM ja egya che ane kaIne kaI tarehano advaitasiddhAnta chevaTe svIkAre ja paDaze ema keI kahe te tenI puSTimAM bezaka ghaNuM kahI zakAya tema che. prophesara hekalanA siddhAnta upara je kAMI AkSepa karavAmAM Ave te A tattvajJAnanA adaitasiddhAntane lAgu paDe che ema samajavuM nahi. prophesara hekalanuM advaita ane tattvajJAnanuM advaita e be ekabIjAthI svatantra che. ApaNe yAda rAkhavAnuM che te e ke tattvajJAnanuM advaita te (sAyansanI rItie) siddha thaI cUkeluM nathI, paNa sAdhya che, tatvajJAnanI bhaviSyanI bhAvanA-sAyansathI siddha thavAne grAha-che; je atima sAdhya siddha karavA mATe tattvajJAna (Philosophy) yatna kare che, paNa jene pitAnI rItie siddha karyAne bhautika zAstra (Physical science) jarA paNa dAvo karI zake ema nathI. bhautika zAeN hajI te

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jaDa ane cita" 477 rAsAyanika tara (Chemcial elements) nI ekatA paNa bhAgye ja siddha karI che, ane hajI e zAstra dhIme dhIme AgaLa vadhaze. paNa tattvajJAnanI dRSTie joIe chIe te, vaitavAda ApaNane santoSa ApI zakate nathI; chevaTe vastusthitimAM advaita ja hovuM joIe ema AgaLa daSTi nAMkhIne mAnavAnuM ApaNuM sarvane mana thAya che. A daSTi kharI rIte tattvajJAnanI che, sAyansanI nathI; sAyansanA mANase A hada oLaMgI javI, ane Aja sudhI je pradezamAM tattvajJAnanuM ja sAmrAjya cAlyuM che temAM sAyansane hake rAjya karavAne dAvo karavo-e to sAyansanA baMdhananI khIlI UkheDI nAMkhI, lagAma suddhAM nAzI javA jevuM thAya che; AnuM pariNAma e nIpaje che ke anivacce ane gUDha pradezamAM-jyAM sAyansa banI zakatuM nathI-emAM bhUlo paDe che, athavA te e tatvajJAnanI pari bhASAne durupayoga kare che ane ene bhraSTa kare che, ane pachI pitAnI - hadamAM pAchA AvI jagatane pitAnI lUTa batAve che. dekhAva evo kare che ke jANe koIka mahAna satya che te spaSTa rIte joI zako che enuM pratipAdana karavAne pote samartha che! bhale e pitAnI jJAnaracanAmAM ene suvyavasthita rIte ghaTADavA mAge; paNa kharuM jotAM e judI ja vastuvyavasthitinA kaTakA che, ane emanuM kharuM sthAna oLakhyA vinA pitAnA sAyansa-citramAM goThavavA jatAM, badhA avayane pheravavAnI, bharaDavAnI, ane badhabesatA na Ave te phekI paNa devAnI ene jarUra paDe che. mATe, AvA kAcA ane sAMdhA-vinAzrame siddhavata mAnI lIdhela-sAyansanA advaitavAda karatAM te, advaitavAda na ja hoya e vadhAre sAruM. daitavAda ApaNane kAyama sateSa na ApI zake e kharuM, paNa jema eka pAsa ati cekasa thavAne bhaya che tema bIjI pAsa utAvaLa karI dhazI paDavAne paNa saMbhava che. keTalAka ema samajatA dekhAya che ke atavAdamAM deha ane jIva, ane Izvara ane AtmA tathA jagavyavasthA-Adi sarva bheda niravakAza thaI jAya che ! Ane artha te e thayo ke sarva padArtho chevaTa jatAM, eTale jANe atyAre vyavahAra paNa, koIka rIte eka batAvI zakAya! tatvajJAnanI bhAvanAmAM sarva padArtha eka, mATe zuM ene artha e che ke rAsAyanika tane athavA te vyavahAramAM upayogI thatA te te padArthone judA na kahevAya? tema ja vaLI, keTalAka vicArake "kAla" ne mAnasa-Antara-padArtha mAne che. ane e siddhAntanI emanA vicAra upara eTalI badhI asara

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478 ' " jaDa ane cita" thaI gaI che ke prakRtinI pariNAmakriyAmAM yA bIjA keI paNa vyApAramAM kAla" e kaI kharekhara padArtha che ema mAnavAne paNa teo bhAgye ja khuzI hoya che. teo kahe che-ane kadAca yathArtha ja kahe che ke "kAla" eka bhrama ja che. A siddhAntane cheka sudhI kheMcI jAya che, teone kadAca relave TreIna upara vakhatasara pahoMcavAne ke keTalA vAgyA che ema keAIne pUchavAne artha ja nahi lAge ! laMbAI pahoLAI vagere prasiddha parimANe uparAMta keIka caturtha ja parimANanuM e rUpa che, ema mane lAge che, paNa tema hai vA na he-paNa "kAla" che, ApaNe mATe pUratA arthamAM che. ane ApaNuM paridRzyamAna anubhavanA jagatamAM-eTale ke A vyAvahArika jagatamAM--e jarUranuM tatva che. - tema ja vaLI, ghaNuM karI ApaNuM jIvana ane pazuonuM jIvana eka ja mUlabhUta jIvananI zAkhAo che, ethI kaI ema phalita thatuM nathI ke manuSyanI judI judI jAtio gaNavavI ke manuSyane pazu paMkhI ane bhAchalAthI judo pADI oLakhAvavo e bhUla che. atima ekatAnI ApaNane bhAvanAtmaka vicAranA pradezamAM jhAMkhI thAya che ethI kAMI daitavAdanI ke bahuvAdanI bhASA nirarthaka ane ayogya thaI jatI nathI; ane A antaH sthita ektA hAlanA karatAM vadhAre spaSTa ane pUrNa rIte grahavAmAM Ave te paNa e bhASA eTalI ja yathArtha rahevAnI. jaDa citanuM svarUpa hoya, vA cita jaDanuM svarUpa haya, vA jaDa ane cita bane kaIka trIjA ja padArthamAM - svarUpe heya--paNa bane che emAM saMzaya nahi, ane vyavahAramAM baMnene khI rIte ekabIjAthI judA padArtho lekhavAmAM jarA paNa bAdha nathI. jema vijJAnamaya jIva ane manuSyadeha baMne eka devadatta tarIke vyavaha: ravAthI prakRti-puruSanA bhedane lepa thaI jato nathI, tema Izvara ane prakRti viSe eka bIjAthI judA padArtho tarIke bolavAthI daitavAda- AvI. jo nathI. vaLI, jema jaDamAM vividhatA che, tema citanI paNa vividhatA hoya emAM kAMI asaMbhavita nathI. tema ja e paNa saMbhave che ke Izvara thI ' para che chatAM jaDamAM-A indriyagrAhya jagata je ApaNAmAM satya saundarya ane sAdhanA mATe tIvra rasa ane utsAha prere che-emAM paNa rahelo--jaDa IndriyagrAhya jagata rUpe mUrtimaH- thaelo-che. : .1 A chelle gaNavelA traNa mahAna guNo (1) satya (Truth)-(ra) saundarya (Beauty) ane (3) sAdhutA (Goodness) ethI geTenI :mAphaka hakalane paNa Anada Azcarya ane bhakti utpanna thayAM che e traNane

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- - - * . .ene cita " 479 e "devIo" kahe che. paNa A traNa, ane kAnTanI bhakti preranAra Izvara (God) sazaidrs4 (Freedom') 242 247dea (Immortality) e tripuTI vacce hariphAI ke virodha hovo ja joIe ema kAMI nathI; AmAMnI eka tripuTI svIkAravI eno artha e paNa nathI ke bIjI tyajavI; sarve ekasarakhAM nitya ane samAna hoya; eTale ke prakRtimAM Izvarazabdano artha sanmAtra evo na kare, paNa ApaNuM- grAharUpI upAdhinA paricchedevALa kAIka padArtha, paripUrNatAnI manuSyabhAvanAne maLate kaIka padArtha, uccatara sata nuM manuSyabuddhie kalpeluM keIke saguNa svarU5-e. artha samaja. AthI e sarvavyApaka paNa thaze, ane bIjA koI padArthanI sAthe enI gaNanA karavI paDaze nahi. vaLI krizcayana dharmamAM je tripuTI mAnI che enI sAthe paNa A tripuTIo bandhabesatI karI zakAya ema che. kana (sarva) niravacchinna sata, eTaluM badhu vizALa che ke evuM eka paNa sUtra ke zabdanI tareha nathI ke khAsa karIne jemAM e sarvano samAveza thaI zake (1) "satya" viSe to kahevAnI jarUra ja nathI. dareka sAcA sAyansanA bhaktane te e prANa ja che. je kharuM nathI, athata jemAM "satya"nuM tattva je nathI, e viguNu ane virUpa, sazu ane saundarya vinAnuM, hevuM ja joIe. paNa enA (sAyansanA sAcA bhaktanA) satya saMbadhI vicAre eTalA vizALa hovA joIe ke jemAM, je siddhAntanI ene hajI khAtarI nathI thaI paNa je bhaviSyamAM siddha thavAno saMbhava ene lAge che, ene paNa samAveza thaI zake, ane tethI je pradezamAM pesavAnI hajI ene pheMcI maLI nathI te saMbandhamAM eNe siddhAnta bAMdhI besavA na joIe, ane navuM zIkhavAne hamezA tatpara rahevuM joIe. (ra) "sAdhutA"ne, nItinA samasta pradezane, ane saMtadazAnI je uccatara bhUmikAo saMpAdana karavAnI manuSya AtmAe zakti batAvI che e sarvane arthe hajI sAyansanA pradezanI bahAra che. ane je kaMI sAyansane vidvAna hadayanA bhAva ane saMkalpazakti viSe Ama che ane Ama nathI evo AgrahI mata pratipAdana karavA yatna kare, ane e sarva vRttio aNuonI zakti ane gatirUpe nirUpI zakAya che ema kahe, te ethI enA vicAre kevA hAnA che eTaluM ja jaNAya che, ane bhaviSyanA jamAnA AgaLa pite upahAsAspada bane che. * * . (3) "saundarya"ne pradeza ane ene pUrNa artha paNa e jhAMkhe jhAMkha ja grahI zake che. strI-puruSanI pasandagImAMthI, athavA to evo ja

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480 ja jaDa ane cita" bIjo keIka A bhUgala upara thatI jIvanakriyA saMbandhI ekAda kSudra niyama UpajAvI kADhI, e vaDe " saundarya ane khulAso karavA yatna karatA hoya te te vRthA che. enAthI kAMI ja chevaTane khulAso thato nathI. e te mAtra amuka sthaLe saundarya kevI rIte grahAya che eTaluM ja batAvI zake che; paNuM saundaryanuM Akhtara svarUpa zuM che, ane ene grahaNa karanAra zakti zI che--e viSaya taddana enI hadanI bahAra che. UMDA antamAM, ane zAntine samaye, ene pratIti thavI ja joIe ke-khetara vADa vagere sRSTinA dekhAvo joI enA manamAM saundaryanuM je aNucinha ane sahaja rIte bhAna thAya che e manuSya AtmAnI keIka Adyazakti, jenuM vizeSa pRthakkaraNa azakya che evI zaktimAMthI udabhave che. ethI manuSyaAtmAmAM rahelI koIka svAbhAvika IcchA saMbhaLAya che, kaIka ucca alaukika abhilASA saMte khAya che. ane je kaMI kavi, nirjana dezamAM ke A pRthvI upara manuSyaAtmA avataratA pahelAMnA kALamAM saMdhyA samayanAM vAdaLAMnI zobhA joI, athavA AkAza mahAme saundaryathI UchaLatA himagirio nirakhI, keIka apUrva satya AtmA upara dabANa karavuM ane prakaTa thatuM anubhave, ane e anubhavathI prerAI, paramAtmAnA svarUpAnandane, acitya paripUrNatA tarapha paramAtmA je sRSTine dere che enA vikAsanI bIjAvasthA jeIpitAne thatA Anandane - e (manuSya AtmA) saundaryasamRddhinA kAraNarUpe mAne-to sAyansanA viThAne emAM vAMdho na levuM joIe. kAraNa ke rakhene, pite ajJAna chatAM pitAthI mUrkhAI ane nindAnA zabda uccArI javAya. 2 hekalanA mukhya siddhAnta-jenA upara enuM AkhuM tanna racAeluM che-te be che. ane tenI TUMkAmAM matalaba nIce mujaba che - (1) prANu (Life), prayatna (Wil) ane prajJA yA buddhi (Consciousness) e jaDane ja vikAra che. (2) je vastu nitya--sata hoya e ja paramArtha-satya che. (1) pahelA siddhAntane artha e che ke jaDa enI meLe pitAmAMthI cetanya UpajAve che. paNa hajI sudhInA sAyansanA siddhAMta pramANe te jIva'mAMthI ja jIva nIpajI zake che (Biogenesis), ane tethI uparane siddhAta sAyansanI hAlanI mAnyatAthI viruddha che;-kAMI nahi te, sAyansa ene Teko ApatuM nathI emAM te zaMkA nathI ja. bhale bhaviSyamAM sAyansa siddha kare ke jIva te jaDane vikAra mAtra che, paNa hAlanA sAyansamAM to hajI A siddhAnta sthAna pAmI zake nathI.

Page #538
jaDa ane cita " 481 (2) bIjA siddhAntane e adhiSThAnapadArthavAda ( Problem of Substance) kahe che. e mAnI le che ke bhauniSpadArthazAstrIo eTaluM te svIkAravA deze ke jaDa (Matter) ane smRti-zakti (Energy = spanda') e be padArtho hamezAM kAyama rahe che-enI utpatti ke vinAza saMbhavatAM ja nathI, athata ke e be nitya sata che. A baMne mATe e adhiSThAnapadArtha eTale ke "Substance' evo eka zabda vApare che ane e adhiSThAnapadArthamAM che. kahevAtA padArtha mAtrano samAveza kare che. A adhiSThAnane e paramArthasatya kahe che ane paridazyamAna sarva vastuone e AbhAsarUpa gaNe che. ane kahe che ke jaDa ane skUrtimAM padArtha mAtra AvI jAya che, ane A mUla padArthonA antamAM evuM kAMIka garbhita raheluM che ke jenA guNa dharma yA vikAra rUpe prANa, buddhi, svatantra kRti, AtmatsAha, Ananda vagere Upaje che, ane A padArtho tathA temanA A dharmo maLIne ApaNuM A brahmAMDa baneluM che eTaluM ja nahi paNa Izvara evI je kaI vastu hoya te te A be padArtho rUpI ja che. hekala enA pustakanA madhyasthAne rahelA "The Problem of substance" yAne adhiSThAnapadArthavicAra nAmanA eka prakaraNamAM bhautika padArthazAstranI hadamAM vAraMvAra pezI jAya che. paraMtu e saMbadhamAM huM hAla eTaluM ja kahevuM basa gaNuM chuM ke jaDa ane skUrtinI nityatA mi. hekala dhAre che tevI svataH siddha nathI. jANavA jevuM che ke hekalanA pitAnA ja jIvatAM, paramANu bhAgI paDI e padArtha banI rahevAnAM cihane jaNAya che ke jene sAdhAraNa arthamAM jaDa padArtha na kahI zakAya. ane ema paNa saMbhave che ke thoDA vakhatamAM kadAca prayogazALAmAM jaDa padArthanA navA paramANuo paNa utpanna karI zakAze. chatAM, huM eTaluM kabUla karuM chuM ke hekalanA siddhAntamAM tattvajJAnanI kalpanA rahelI che, ane te vicAravA jevI che. e kalpanA te sAyansane siddhAnta nathI, paraMtu eka saMbhavita paNa kalpita tarka che. eka arthamAM evI kalpanA saMbhave che ke--je paramArtha satya che te hamezAM kAyama rahevuM ja joIe je vastutaH pAyAmAMthI sata-arthAta ke najIvA arthamAM sata nahi, pakSa gaMbhIra ane nirupAdhika arthamAM sata-te asata thaI jAya, zUnya thaI jAya, e saMbhavatuM nathI. pAdhika kadAcitka paramANuonA saMgo utpanna thAya ane nAza pAme, paNa e sarvanA mULamAM evo padArtha rahelo hoya ke je nitya ja he joIe.

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482 jaDa ane cita " che hiMthI maLamAM bhaLa padArthonA samUha nAza pAmatA dekhAya che, ane tethI upara svIkArelA siddhAnta pramANe emanuM Astatva sapAdhika ane tuccha Thare che. dIvAnI jyota bujhAI jAya che, ane nAza pAmI jAya che; parvata varasAda ane pavanamAM khullo paDele hAI dhIme dhIme ghasAI enI retI thaI jAya che, eka graha ke sUrya bIjA sAthe athaDAI naSTa thaI jAya che. A badhA para mANuonA kadAcitya eTale anitya saMghAta che. paNa te have te vaLI jaNAyuM che ke paramANu pote paNa tuTI jaI vidyuskuraNarUpa thaI rahe che; ane A skuraNa paNa kaMIka dahADe mUla "Ithara'-sarvanI prakRtirUpa AkAza)-rUpa Tharaze. Ama che te A sarva padArtho-paramANu suddhAM-anitya che, A jaDa jagatamAM "Ithara' tathA e "Ithara'mAM gati kheMca Adi * je kAMI nitya dharma hoya te-ja kAyama rahe che. A rIte jaDa vizvanI atyAra sudhImAM jaNAelI sarvathI mULamAM mULa prakRti te Ithara (AkAza) che. paNa zuM A uparathI ApaNe ema siddha thaeluM mAnavuM ke e jaDa Ithara zivAya vizvamAM bIjuM kAMI che ja nahi? zuM eka vastu che eTale te uparAMta bIjI che ja nahi? ema mAnavuM te taddana azakya che. ApaNe upara joyuM to temAM prANu vA jIva enI to vAta ja thaI nathI. jIva ane "Izara vacce yA jIva ane ItharanI phUrti vacce kaze saMbandha sthApI zakA nathI; jIva zuM che e hajI jaNAyuM nathI. jIva nitya na hoya ? enuM jaDa khoLiyuM nAza pAme che tethI e paNa nAza pAme che? ke jema kAgaLa baLI gayA pachI e kAgaLa gesa rUpamAM oLakhI zakAtuM nathI tema jIva paNa evI navI paristhitimAM saMkrAnta thAya che ke jyAM e ene e che evuM anusaMdhAna rahetuM nathI? jIva jaDa paramANuonA keIke viziSTa saMghAta sAthe AvirbhAva pAmate evo nazvara padArtha che ke je saMdhAtane bhaMga thatAM " nathI" thaI jAya che? ke jIva te kaI ajaDa mULa padArtha che, je jaDa saMghAtathI svatantra hAI e saMghAta dvArA jaDa - jagatamAM pitAne prakaTa kare che? prA. hekala Ane tucchakArabharyA nakAramAM javAba vALe che! ane jema prANane e jaDane vikAra mAne che tema cita ane vijJAnane paNa prema-kalA-kAvya-dharma tema ja bIjA aneka anubhavo, je manuSya unnatikramamAM saMpAdana karyA che te sarvane-e ema ja mAne che. paNa huM tamane hAka mArIne pUchuM chuM-ke zA pramANane AdhAre tame Ama kahe che ?

Page #540
, ' jaDa ane cita" ne : 483 hekala kalpanA kare che ke A sarva dharmo jaDa paramANuomAM lapAI rahelA che te AvirbhAva pAme che. e paramANuomAM prANu viveka ane vijJAnanI zakti gupta rahelI che. ane te ja prakaTa thAya che. kalpanA tarIke A barAbara che, paNa sAyansa te vAjabI rIte eTaluM ja kahI zake "amane khabara nathI." uparanI keTalIka TIkAne javAba vALI che. hekala kaheze ke huM je kahuM chuM te mAtra "sAyansa'nA eTale siddhapadArthavijJAnanA daSTibinduthI nahi paNa tattvajJAnanA eTale ke sAdhya padArthajJAnanA daSTibinduthI-bhavidhyamAM dAjha nAMkhIne." che. hekalane A uttara sarvanA jANavAmAM ane samajavAmAM Ave te mane pUrNa sateSa che. tattvajJAnI tarIke te bIjA tattvajJAnInA karatAM pre. hekalanA vicArane khAsa vajanadAra gaNavAnuM kAraNa nathI, tattvajJAnI tarIke e lakhatA hoya, ane emAM bhUla karatA hoya to paNa, mAre emane javAba devAnuM rahetuM nathI, kAraNa ke huM tattvajJAnI gaNAtuM nathI. hAla vividha jaNAtA padArtho bhaviSyamAM eka siddha thaze ema ghaNuM sAyansavALAo mAne che, paNa hajI sudhI e siddha karavAne koI paNa yatna phatehamanda nIvaDyA hoya ema huM jANato nathI. AvA bhagIratha prayatnanI saphaLatA mATe vizvanuM ghaNuM ja vizALa jJAna meLavavAnI jarUra che, ane te yadyapi siddha karavAnI te AzA nathI, to paNa e dizAmAM kAMIka sevA bajAvI zakAya. jeo mAnatA hoya ke A bAbatamAM teoe kAMIka navuM zodhyuM che ane te jagatane ApavA jevuM che-te te ApavAnI temanI pharaja che. bIjAo emAthI je je satya lAgaze te grahaNa karaze, ane e satyane vizeSa vikasAvaze. A dRSTibiMduthI jotAM, pro.hekalane prayatna barAbara che. paNa mane lAge che ke kamanasIbe, e vidvAna je ke ataprakRtivAdarUpI tavajJAnanA taraMgamAM taNAyA che, te paNa enA vizeSa vicAramAM UtarI, jaDavAdanI evI bAbate cekasa rIte vigatavAra sthApavA emaNe yatna karyo che, ane ApaNuM anubhavane viSaya banatA A jagatane e sAMkaDo ane paricchinna vicAra bAMge che, ke jarmanImAM che. hekala, A tarapha IgleMDamAM harbarTa spensaranI mAphaka, ekalA kinAre rahI gayA che, ane manuSyavicAranI bharatInuM mojuM te bIjI ja tarapha vahevA mAMDayuM che. ogaNIsamI saddInA madhyakALamAMthI Avate emane svara ekalo

Page #541
484 jaDa ane cita" saMbhaLAya che, te vakhatanA vicAranA teo uttama upadeSTA che, paNa e vicAra have pAchaLa rahI gayA che. eTale have pro. hekalane svara araNyadita jevo ja che. have emanI eka lazkaranA agraNI tarIkenI hAka rahI nathI, paNa lazkara bIjI tarapha vaLyuM che, ane pote eka nizAnadAra jevA prathamane ThekANe nizAna jhAlI UbhA che-jo ke hiMmatathI ane daDhatAthI UbhA che emAM te zaka nahi ja. ane pitAnA vIrabadhuone nizAna tarapha vaLavA hAka paNuM mAryA kare che ! paNa emanI hAka have hasabharI rahI nathI kintu nirAzAthI aMkAelI che. ( have ApaNe vicAra karIe ke jaDa ane citanI eka bIjA upara thatI asara viSe "sAyansa"nI paddhatithI zuM zuM nakkI thayuM che? sarvane, taLIe jatAM, sAra ATale che-jaDa padArthanuM eka jALuM jene ApaNe magaja kahIe chIe e pramAtA ane pramiti (saMvita -buddhi) nuM vAritra yAne karaNu-sAdhana che. e karaNane jAgrata karavAthI mAnasika kriyA Upaje che; ane e bagaDe che ke bhAge che eTale mAnasika kriyA prakaTa thatI bandha paDe che. vaLI A uparAMta ema paNa mAnavAmAM Ave che ane e viSe zaMkA karavAnuM kAraNa nathI, ke dareka mAnasika kriyAmAM (anne mAnasika kriyAnA arthamAM ApaNe jANI-ajANa saghaLI mAnasika yiAne samAveza karIe chIe.) magajanA padArthane keTaleka bhAga khapI jAya che. dhAre ke A saghaLuM ApaNe kabUla karIe, tathApi zuM? ApaNe kabula karyuM che te eTaluM ja ke citane jaDa bhUmikA upara AvirbhAva thavA mATe magajajaDa magaja--e sAdhana che, magajadvArA ja ApaNe citane oLakhIe chIe, paNa ApaNe ema kabUla karyuM nathI ke jaDa AvirbhAvamAM sakala citano samAveza thaI jAya che, tema ApaNe ema paNa mAnI zakIe nahi ke jaDanI bahAra cita-buddhi-vijJAnanuM koI paNa prakAranuM astitva ja nathI. AtmA jaDamAM mUrtimanta-dehavatta bane, paNa te sAthe dehanI pAra paNa rahelo hoya khare, magaja e cita ane vijJAnanuM kharekhara sAdhana che, ane magaja vinAnA prANIo mATe A zabda-cita ane vinAnaarthahIna che; paNa eTalA uparathI ema kahevAnI koIne chUTa nathI ke e zabdano upayoga je satya padArtha upara racAelo che te padArthe ApaNuM A pArthiva magaja zivAya hoI ja na zake. tema ApaNe ema paNa na kahI zakIe ke je jaDa padArtha magajane nAme oLakhAya che te vinA cetanyanuM bIjuM koI sAdhana saMbhavI ja na zake. chatAM, jaDavAdI yA hekalanI tarehano mALakhIe chIe paNa e sAdhana che. bhUmikA upara A

Page #542
"jaDa ane cita 485 ane te A samudAyathI mAtra kalpanA ja thaI nathI advaitavAdI eTale ke jaDa-advaitavAdI kahe che te A ja che! ane A jaDa te paNa A pRthvI upara mANasanA anubhavamAM AvatA rAsAyanika padArtha jemAM "Ithara' jevA, sAyansanA sAMkaDA pradezanI bahAranA, ane siddha nahi paNa sAdhya mAnIne sAyansa pravarte che evA, padArthane samAveza the azakya che! 'AgaLa jatAM Akhare jaDa ane citane kaIka Antara ane Avazyaka saMbadha siddha thaze e vAtanI nA paDAvAnI nathI; je ke atyAre, e thaze ja ema pratipAdana karavuM paNuM azakya che. ema kalpanA karavAmAM AvI che ke jema jaDanA paramANu ane jIvanta paramANunA paraspara saMbadha ane gatimAMthI manuSyanA magajane jIvanta parimaMDala yAne avayavajIva (cell) bane che, tema A vizvanA pRthvI vagere asaMkhya graha upagraha sUrya Adi, Ithara" (AkAzatattava)nA samudAyathI kAIka para evA aNeya AtmAnA magajanA avayavajIva banatA hoya. A mAtra kalpanA ja che, paNa temAM azakyatA kazI ja nathI. ane sAyansathI e vAta hajI siddha thaI nathI teTalA mATe tatvajJAnanI daSTie asAdhya-bAdhita che ema na kahevAya. upara jaNAvyA tevA ucca arthamAM jaDa ane cita vacce nitya ane Avazyaka saMbaMdha hoI zake; baMne eka ja mUla padArthanAM judAM judAM svarUpe hoI zake; paNa je nIca arthamAM, jaDa eTale A pRthvI uparanI dhULa ane AsapAsa dekhAtA sthaLa padArtho, ane cit eTale mANasane thatuM vijJAna, ema samajavAmAM Ave che, te te bhale ogaNIsamI sadInA amuka bhAgane-jemAM sAyansa dhamadhokAra kAma calAvyuM che-tene lAyaka hoya, paNa nitya satyanA siddhAnta tarIke e TakI zake ema lAgatuM nathI. jaDa te cita nuM "vAditra" kahevAya che? A "vAritra" zabda upara vicAra kare to paNa, jaDavAdI pitAne siddhAnta bAMdhatAM khacakAya. vAritra vinA saMgItane AvirbhAva azakya che. paNa vAditradvArA saMgIta deha dhare che e sAdhana vaDe jaDa jagata sAthe e saMgIta saMbaMdhamAM Ave che, havAne ane ApaNuM karNandriyane halAve che, ane ApaNuthI grahI zakAya che. e vAditrane bagADaze te saMgIta besaNuM thaze; ane bhAgaze te te bilakula saMbhaLAtuM baMdha thaze. paNa ATalI vAta uparathI zuM ema kahI zakAze ke A jaDa avirbhAva sivAya "saMgIta" zabdane kAMI artha ja nathI? gavaiyAe kAgaLa upara karelI noMdha ane vAditramAMthI karelA Avi

Page #543
KU bA 1 441 jaDa ane cita" bhava zivAya-zuM saMgItane kaI alaukika artha ja nathI? kharI vAta che ke egya vAritra vinA ane yogya karNandriya vinA ApaNe saMgIta viSe kAMI ja jANIe nahi, paNa ethI ema manAya nahi ke te vinA saMgItanuM andara raheluM tatva hayAtI bhogavatuM nathI ke arthahIna che. zuM A vizvamAM evA agaNita padArtho na hoya ke jeno AvirbhAva karavAne jaDa-ApaNe jene jaDa kahIe chIe te-azaktimAna hoya? zuM dareka alaukika prajJAvAna puruSanI A phariyAda nathI ke enA vicAre jaDa AkAramAM pUrepUrA mUrtimaH karI zakAtA nathI ? jeo ema mAne che ke je kAMI che te A pRthvI upara thatA AvirbhAvamAM ja samAeluM che teone pitAnuM tattvajJAna che, ane e tatvajJAna teo bhale svIkAre; paNa je teo bIjAne evA advaitavAdane upadeza kare ke--hAla jaDa padArthanI je zakti jovAmAM AvI che eTaluM ja satya che ane e sivAya bIjuM kAMI nathI; sAMkaDA arthamAM je prakRti dekhAya che te ja Izvara che ane te uparAMta Izvara e bIje kaI padArtha che ja nahi, cita ane jene teo jaDa kahe che te be paraspara evAM guMthAelAM che ke cita te jaDanI pAra hoI zake ja nahi; magajanI kheparI vinA jJAna viveka bhAva prema rasa Adi je ucca guNo tarapha manuSya phAMphAM mAratuM jAya che te rahI zake ja nahi; AtmA e amuka jIvantaparimaMDala (cells)mAM thatI gatione saravALe, te sivAya bIjuM kAMI ja nahi; ane prakRtine vikAsakrama enuM nAma ja IzvaraH Izvara eTale "saghaLI prakRti zakitaone anansa saravALo, paramANuzaktione ane AkAzatattvanA skaraNano saravALo." jo teone advaitavAdane upadeza Avo ja hoya, te evA tatvajJAnIoe aNaghaDa lokone zrotRsamAja meLavIne saMtoSa mAnavo; ane jo teo sAyansanA vidvAna tarIke e pratipAdana karavA IcchatA hoya te teoe jANavuM ke emanI sAme bIjA sAyansanA vidvAne che ja-jeo vizvanuM temanA karatAM vadhAre vizALa avalokana karavA samartha che. 4 jaDa padArthamAM satatagatirUpI baLa che, ane e zakti vaDe enI gati thayAM kare che-paNa jaDamAM ke jaDanA baLamAM svatantra niyAmaka zakti nathI. jaDamAM je baLa rahyuM che temAM evI niyAmaka zakti rahI nathI ke amuka dizAe ja ene daravuM ane bIjI dizAe nahi. niSTa-nirjIva jaDa padArtha pAchaLathI lAgatA dhazkelAthI ja haDaselAya che, bhaviSyane vicAra

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" jaDa ane cita" 487 enA upara asara karato nathI, pahelethI vicArI rAkhelA mAge e jatuM nathI? prathamathI nakkI karelA uddezyasthAnane e zodhatuM nathI. sajIva padArthanI rIta judI ja che. bhaviSyano vicAra enA upara khAsa asara kare che. buddhimAna prANune pAchaLathI dhakako dezo to te ene paravaDaze nahi; pitAnI khuzIthI tamArU bolAvyuM e Avaze, ane e ja ene barAbara lAgaze. racanA, hetu-e cetananuM Antara tattva che. keTalAka A vizvamAM racanA jevuM kAMI svIkAratA ja nathI. paNa je manuSyamAM e guNa (racanA mATe joitI buddhi) jovAmAM Ave che te ema kema kahevAya ke vizvamAM e guNa nathI jema ApaNAmAM uddezya prati ApaNI kriyAone deravAnI ane niyamavAnI zakti che, tema AkhA vizvamAM paNa evuM ja buddhipuraHsara thatuM niyamana heya, ema mAnavuM zuM vadhAre vecyuM nathI? eka musAphara DuMgarAmAM bhUlo paDayo hoya to te raste hAtha lAgatAM harakhAIne kaheze ke "sAruM thayuM; A rasto mane ghera derI jaze." che. hekala ema kahenArane hazI ane tiraskArI kADhaze, ane kaheze ke "jaDa padArthamAM vaLI derI javAnI zakti kevI ? te ja pramANe vizvamAM paNa deravAnI zaktinI vAta karavI te arthahIna che. vastuo yathAvasthita-jevI che tevI che, kAraNa ke che te karatAM anyathA thavAnI teonAmAM zakti ja nathI; nahi ke buddhipuraHsara te tevI che. ghAsa ghasAI jaIne pagathI paDe te pagathI kema jANe ke tame kyAM rahe che, ane te zI rIte temane tamAre iskele sthAne gherI laI jAya? vaLI, je kAMI jJAna ke uddeza e pagathI darzAve che te e pagathImAM pitAmAM ja hovA joIe; enA paramANunA ja dharma havA joIe. e paramANuomAM jJAna IcchA vagere dharmone kAMIka aMza kadAca mAnI zakAya, ane musAphara e samajI zake te te vastuno upayoga paNa karI zake, paNa e pagathI keIpaNa prakAranA buddhipUrvaka hetuthI sarjAelI che ema kaI mAnatA hoya che te mAtra vahemane ja zaraNa thAya che, ane evI samajaNathI e pagathIe cAlatAM parvatanI karATe nIkaLI khINamAM paDe te navAI nahi." A zabda hakalanA pitAnA nathI, paNa rUpavALI bhASAmAM emanuM tAtparya jaNAvIe te te upara pramANe che. mAruM kahevuM evuM che ke jaDa e citanuM sAdhana ane Azraya che; cita deha dhAraNa karIne A paridazyamAna

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488 " jaDa ane cita" jagatanI sAthe vyavahAramAM Utare che, ane e rIte jagatanA niyamanuM ane vyavasthAnuM tattva pUruM paDe che-arthAta e vaDe jagata amuka uddeza tarapha derAya che; jaDanI buddhibharI racanAmAM cita deha dhAraNa kare che. upara kahI tevI parvatanI pagathImAM paNa uddeza tarapha ravAne caitanyane dharma che; e pagathI pote je ke jaDa che, tathApi emAM citazakti pratyakSa dehavatI thAya che. 5 have A vizvamAM ApaNuM sthAna vicAre e kharekhara vicAravA jevuM che. ApaNe A bhUmaMDaLane eka bhAga chIe; eka taraphathI jotAM, A jaDa jagatano bhAga chIe ema kahIe to paNa cAle-je bhAgane potAne pitAnuM jJAna meLavavAnI zakti prApta thaI che. prathama te, ApaNe jaDamAMthI vikasIne eka jIvaMta bhAga thayA; jaDa avasthA karatAM A jIvaMta avasthAmAM thoDI adhikatA nathI--emAM ghaNI navI zaktio dAkhala thAya che, paNa hajI emAM javAbadArIne dharma AvatuM nathI. jaDa jema pAchaLathI haDaselAya che tema jIvanta vastu haDaselAtI nathI; paNa emAM amuka hAjate pUrI pADavA tarapha svAbhAvika rIte kheMcANa thAya che jema lohacumbaka lehane kheMce che, tema je bAhya viSaya upara enI svAbhAvika IcchA TelI hoya che te tarapha kheMcAya che. paNa have te ApaNe e dazA karatAM paNa eka pagaluM AgaLa pahoMcyA chIe; ApaNane pitAnuM jJAna prApta thayuM che ane AgaLa pAchaLa joI zakIe chIe, bhUtakALamAMthI zIkhAmaNa laI zakIe chIe ane bhaviSyakALamAM dhArelA uddeza tarapha javA yatna karI zakIe chIe; ApaNane sAruM khATuM samajavAnuM jJAna maLyuM che, ane sAruM pasanda karavAnI ane khATuM tyajavAnI zakti AvI che-ane tethI ApaNAM ko mATe ApaNe mAthe javAbadArIne be paDyo che. hajI paNa je viSaya upara ApaNuM mana sauthI vadhAre ceTiyuM hoya che te viSaya tarapha ApaNe derAIe chIe, paNa ApaNumAM evuM kazuMka AvyuM che ke jene lIdhe e viSaya ApaNane dorate ApaNe jANI zakIe chIe ane jenAthI e viSayanuM ApaNuM mana uparanuM baLa niyamAya che. jema pazuo viSaya prati kheMcAya che tema ApaNe paNa kheMcAI zakIe, ane ghaNIvAra kheMcAIe chIe paNa kharA; paNa te sAthe ApaNe ApaNI IcchAne paNa anuvartI zakIe, arthAta amaka viSayane tAbe na thatAM bIjI tarapha javA dhArIe te jaI zakIe. A sarva zI rIte AvyuM e mAnasadharmotpattivicAranA zAstra (genetic psychology) vicAravA lAyaka bAbata che. paNa sAdI

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tr jaDa ane cit '' 49 laukika muddhinA mANasathI teA e samajI zakAya evuM nathI. ApaNA prAcIna pUrvajoe enA khulAsA mATe keTalIka vArtA UMDuM satya raheluM che. kalpI hatI--jemAM ghaNuM hajI A vizvanI lagAma pUrepUrI ApaNane soMpAI nathI. manuSyajAtinI keLavaNI eka lAMkhI kriyA che, ane hajI vahANu haMkAravAnuM sadhaLuM yantra ApaNA hAthamAM mUkAyuM nathI. paNa sArUM kheATuM vicAravAnI ane emAMthI eka pasanda karavAnI svatantra zakti ApaNane prApta thaI che, ane tethI jate dahADe devAnI zakti ane javAbadArI ApaNAmAM AvyA vinA rahevAnI nathI. jyArathI ApaNuAmAM pApa karavAnI zakti AvI tyArathI ApaNA adhaHpAta thaye| ema dekhAya che ane durguNI mANasa pazu karatAM paNa nIce gaelA ApaNane lAge che--e kharuM; paNa jyAre pApanI zakti sAthe puNyanI zaktinA vicAra karIe chIe ane bhaviSyamAM kevA sArA thavAnuM sAmarthya ApaNA hAthamAM mUkAyuM che e joIe chIe, tyAre jaNAya che ke manuSyajIvana e pUrvanI avasthAmAMthI adhaHpAtanI avasthA nathI, paNa Urdhva gatinI avasthA che. ApaNI ane prakRtinI ektA che e vAta dilagIrI UpajAvanArI nathI; kharAkhara samajavAmAM Ave te ulaTI e khuzInI vAta che. je UMcAmAM UMcA vicAra sudhI manuSya paheAMcI zake che tenAthI UtaratA kAIpaNa vicArathI ene zAnti ja vaLatI nathI. kharekharI vastusthiti karatAM vadhAre UMcA ane vadhAre umadA vicAra saMbhavatA ja nathI; ApaNA UMcAmAM U~cA vicAra e satya vastusthitinI samIpamAM samIpa hovA joie, nahi teA evA vicAra ApaNane AvyA ja na hota; tema ja ApaNA hRdayanI uccamAM ucca abhilASAe paNa satyanI sAthe maLatI ja hAvI joie, nahi te tyAM sudhI ApaNu hRdaya pahoMcI ja na zakata. jJAna (knowledge) nI ane sAdhutA ( goodness ) nI bhAvanA ( je advaitanI bhAvanA che te ) satya vastusthiti karatAM adhika hoI zake ja nahi; mAtra deza kALa letAM te adhika jaNAya, arthAt ke atyAre ane A sthaLe je vastusthiti (dvaita) jaNAya che te karatAM te AgaLa paDatI dekhAya. samasta vizvanuM tantra ApaNe grahaNa karI zakIe teA tene bhAgIne pAchuM managamatuM gAThavavAnA karatAM, e jevuM che tevuM yathArtha grahaNa karavuM--ane kAve tevI ayathArtha kalpanA na karavI--e ja ApaNune vadhAre sArUM lAgaze. vizva ApaNI

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40 " jaDa ane cit ' kalpanAnI kheDIthI a~dhAeluM nathI--ApaNI kalpanAthI e svatantra che, ApaNI kalpanA pAte ja enA eka bhAga che, ane te jeTalI ene maLatI Ave teTalI ja e avirAdhI ane nirdoSa thAya. je ApaNane nirdoSa ane avirAdhI rIte pratIta thAya te teTalA ja kAraNathI vizvamAM hovuM ja joie. ' ane A pratIti thavI te vartamAna karatAM uccatara satyanI pUrvachAyA che ema samajavuM. AvI mArI mAnyatA che, ane jo ke emAM AzAnA bhAga dhaNI che, teApaNu siddhapadArthanAnIe mAnavA jevA sayuktika mata e ja che, siddhapadArthajJAnI, jaDa ane citanA dvaitanA prasaMga Ave e AkSepathI na haratAM, sArI rIte mAne che ke ApaNA sarve AtmAo--jJAna icchA Adi sarve caitanya dharma surda-- ...... r ..are all but parts of one stupendous whole Whose body Nature is and God the soul." --eka parama 'kRtsna' vastu (mahAna eka akha'OM vastu)nA bhAga che, je vastunuM zarIra te A prakRti che, ane AtmA te Izvara che. [ vasanta, jyeSTa 1961, tathA mArgazIrSa 1962 ] 2 jaDa ane cit (2) " nAsau muniryasya mataM na bhinnam " > mahA0 bhA0 " canAnupatteya nAnumAnam "--60 0 -100 thADAka mAsa upara ' bhautikapadArthazAstrirAja lArDa kelvine jaDa ane cetananA svarUpa upara bahu gaMbhIra vicArA darzAvyA hatA, ane e upara iMglaMDanA TAImsa" patramAM bahu pracaMDa carcA cAlI rahI hatI. eka bhASaNa vakhate bhASaNakartAneA AbhAra mAnavAnI sAthe prasaMgeApAtta e nIce mujaba mAlyA hatAH-- "He was in thorough sympathy with Professor Henslow in the fundamentals of his lecture, but

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"Oxs 242 Base" req he could not say that with regard to the origin of life. Science neither affirmed nor denied creative power. Science positively affirmed creative power. Science made every one feel a miracle in himself. It was not in dead matter that they lived and moved and had their being, but in the creating and directive power which science compelled them to accept as an article of belief. They could not escape from that when they studied the physics and dynamics of living and dead matter all around. Modern biologists were coming once more to a firm acceptance of something, and that was a vital principle. They had an unknown object put before them in science. In thinking of that object they were all agnostics. They only knew God in his works, but they were absolutely forced by science to admit and to believe with absolute confidence in a directive power in an influence other than physical, dynamical, electrical forces. Cicero had denied that they could have come into existence by a fortuitous concourse of atoms. There was nothing between absolute scientific belief in Creative power and the acceptance of the theory of a fortuitous concourse of atoms. Was there, he asked, anything so absurd as to believe that number of atoms by falling together of their own accord could make a crystal, a sprig of moss, a mycrobe, a living animal ? People thought that, given millions of years, these might come to pass, but they could not think that a million of millions of millions of years could give them unaided a beautiful world like ours. They had a spiritual influence, and in science a

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kaTara jaDa ane cita" knowledge that there was that influence in the world around them. He admired the healthy, breezy atmosphere of free thought in Professor Henslow's lecture. Let no one, he urged, be afraid of true freedom. They could be free in their thought, in their criticisms, and with freedom of thought they were bound to come to the conclusion that, science was not antagonistic to religion, but a help of religion. (cheers.)" Lord Kelvin, reported in the London " Times." tAtparya cetanyane keI aSTA che ke kema e viSe sAyansa hA ke nA kAMI ja kahetuM nathI, ema mAnavuM bhUlabhareluM che. sAyansa spaSTa rIte aSTAnA astitvanuM pratipAdana kare che. ApaNu pitAnI aMdara kevI camatkAraka sargazakti rahelI che enuM sAyansa ApaNane bhAna karAve che. ApaNuM jIvana-ApaNe vyavahAra-ApaNuM astitva jaDamAM nathI paNa cetanamAM che- je cetana navIna sat UpajAve che ane vizvatantrane buddhipUrvaka calAve cheH A siddhAH svIkAravAnI sAyansa ApaNane pharaja pADe che. ApaNI AsapAsa AvelA jaDa ane cetana jagatanA bhautika bandhAraNano ane enI gatino abhyAsa karatAM mAluma paDe che ke A siddhAnta svIkAryA zivAya chUTa nathI. vartamAna jIvanazAstra (Bioloists) pharI kabUla karatA thayA che ke jaDa uparAnta kAMIka che, ane te jIvatatva (vital principle). sAyansa ApaNuM AgaLa kAMIka ajJAta padArtha mUke che. e padArthane vicAra karavA jatAM ApaNe kabUla karavuM paDe che ke e zuM che te ApaNe jANatA nathI. ApaNe paramAtmAne mAtra enI sRSTimAM ja jANIe chIe paNa sAthe sAyansa ApaNI pAse eTaluM kabUla karAve che ke A vizvamAM sarva prakAranI jaDa zatio uparAnta koI eka niyAmaka cetanazakti te che ja, ane ene saMpUrNa zraddhApUrvaka mAnavAnI jarUra che. jaDa paramANuo yadacchAvazAta eTale ke Akasmika rIte ekaThA thaI jaDa, jaDa paramANune pAse, vanaspatinI DALI, jhINuM jatu ke jIvatuM prANI utpanna karI zake-ema mAnavuM e kevuM yukitahIna ! keTalAka dhAre che ke lAkha varSa jatAM jaDamAMthI cetana enI meLe utpanna thaI zake, paNa lAkhonAM lAkhAnAM lAkhe varSa jAya te paNa zuM thayuM? anya (cetana) zaktinI madada vinA A sundara vizva e kadI paNa utpanna karI zake nahi.

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jaDa ane cita" 43 tyAra pachI teMDa kelvine "TAImsane eka patra lakhI emAM pAsa" zabda pAchA khecI lIdho, ane jaNAvyuM ke' "I wish to delete a crystal" " "While' fortuitous concourse of atoms' is not an inappropriate description of the formation of a crystal, it is utterly absurd in respect to the coming into existence, or the growth, or the continuation of the molecular combinations presented in the bodies of living things. Here scientific thought is ,compelled to accept the idea of Creative Power. Forty years ago I asked Liebig, walking somewhere in the country, if he believed that the grass and flower which we saw around us grew by mere chemical forces. He answered, 'No, no more than I could believe that a book of botany describing them could grow by mere chemical forces.' Every action of human free will is a miracle to physical and chemical and mathematical science." Lord Kelvin. tAtparya - jaDa paramANuone pAse paramANunA Akasmika saMgathI banelo che ema kahIe te cAle, paNa vanaspatinI DALI vagere cetana padAtheMnuM baMdhAraNa judA ja prakAranuM che. eka tRNa ke puSpane khulAse rasAyana zAe svIkArelA zakti mAtrathI thaI zakatuM nathI. mi. lIbige eka prasaMge kahyuM tema "kevaLa rasAyanazaktio vanaspatizAstranuM eka pustaka lakhI "zake to vanaspati utpanna karI zake " manuSyamAM je svatantra kRtizakti (Free will) 28CM 9 mhal Yati Alla:d7991224 (Physics), rasAyanazAstra (Chemistry) ke gaNitazAstra (Mathematics) ApI zake ema nathI. lADa kelvinanA A ugArathI ahIDAI, sara vilyama thisalTana DAyara nAmanA eka vanaspatizAstrIe "TAImsa" eka patra lakhyo ke bhautikazAstra (Physics) mAM lairDa kevinanI vidvattA advitIya che,

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"jaDa ane cita" paNa vanaspatizAstra (Botany) ane jIvazAstra (Biology) saMbadhI bAbatamAM abhiprAya pharamAvavA mATe sAmAnya buddhivAna manuSya karatAM emanAmAM vizeSa yogyatA nathI. lairDa kevinanAM vicAra sAme emaNe je vadhe batAvyo enA mukhya muddA nIce pramANe hatA - (1) lairDa kelvine pAchaLathI jaDa paramANusaMgathI banelA eka pAsA ane vanaspatinI DALI vagere vacce je bheda darzAvya e mATe kAMI ja AdhAra nathI. enA pahelA udgAra vakhate emaNe savene eka ja keTimAM nAMkhyAM hatAM e barAbara hatuM. (2) jaDa paramANuo mAtra yadacchAvazAta ekaThA thaI vanaspatiAdi cetana jagata utpanna kare che evo siddhAnta hAmA pakSane ApavAmAM lorDa kelvina e pakSane anyAya kare che. jaDa paramANuo yadacchAvazAta nahi, paNa DArvine batAvelA amuka pasaMdagI (Selection) nA niyamAnusAra ekaThA thAya che, ane vanaspatirUpe pariName che, ane e ja pramANe sarakhAM paramANu sarakhI rIte goThavAI pAsA rUpe badhAya che, emAM paNa pasandagIne niyama rahelo che. leMDa kevina vizvanI bahAranI zaktithI je khulAso ApavA yatna kare che e sAyansanA mUla siddhAntathI ja viruddha che. jagatanI aMdaranA banAvone khulAse jagatanI andaranI zakti thakI ja thavo joIe. jIvatatva" e je jagatanI eka zakti hoya te tenuM mApa thaI zake, ane je mApa thaI zake te bhautika sAyansanI hadanI bahAranuM e tattva nathI. lairDa kevina mAne che tema jagata bahArathI kaMI zakti jagatamAM UtarI AvatI hoya te sAyansanI "Conservation of Energy" nA siddhAntane bAdha Ave. ane A zaktinityatAne-satakAryavAdane siddhAnta cetana jagatane paNa lAgu paDe che ema prasiddha jIvanazAstrI meyare siddha karyuM che. 4. vizvamAM zaktinI utpatti ke vinAza saMbhavatAM nathI, enA mApamAM koI paNa prakAranI nyUnAdhikatA karI zakAtI nathI. vizvamAM zaktinuM mApa jeTaluM che teTaluM hamezAM che, satamAMthI asata ke asatamAMthI sata kadI paNa AvatuM nathI, padAthe mAtra jyAre utpanna thatA ke naSTa thatA dekhAya che tyAre kharuM jotAM e mAtra rUpAntara pAmatA hoya che,-e siddhAnta, rahe che mArI nAthinA kinArA saMbha

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" jaDa ane cit " 45 (5) TUMkAmAM, je siddhAnta DArvine haMmezane mATe ApaNune sthApI ApyA che e siddhAnta upara lADa kelvinanA A vicArAthI haDatAla vAgeche. sara viliyama thisalTana-DAyaranA A AkSepathI iMglaMDanuM sAyansa vidyAnama'DaLa gAjI UThayuM, ane baMne pakSanI tarapha ane viruddha pannA "TAimsa" mAM prasiddha thayA. "TAimsa' nA tantrIe paNa e carcAmAM bhAga lIdhA, emAM muddAnAM lakhANa ATalAM hatAM:-- (1) AsanA eka prephesara rDana senDarsana nAmanA zArIravyApArazAstra ( Physiology) nA vidvAne lADa kelvinanI vidvattAnAM ghaNAM vakhANa karyuM, ane sAyansanI eka zAkhAnA vidvAna peAtAnI asAdhAraNa muddhimattAthI anya zAkhAnA AvA prazna upara abhiprAya ApavAne ceAgya che ema jaNAvyuM. zArIravyApArazAstranA mahAna AcArya helmasArTjha nAmanA jarmana vidvAnane laeNA` kelvina sAthe eka vakhata samAgama paDelA, te uparathI lArDa kelvinanI tIvra svaccha ane anekzAstragAmI buddhi viSe ene je asara thaelI e jaNAvatAM eNe kahyuM ke vinanI sarakhAmaNImAM te! huM 'dullard' eTale ke jaDa chuM! 'A pramANe lADa kelvinanuM gaurava karavAnI sAthe, preA. ana-saeNnDarsane nIce pramANe baMne pakSamAM kAMIka kAMIka maLatA vicAra| darzAvyAH-- --A (i) navIna zArIravyApArazAstranA saMsthApaka helmaCAlTsa "jIvavA' ( Vitalistic doctrine ) ne haMmeza mATe suvADI dIdhA che. eNe pahelAM karatAM vadhAre majabUta rIte siddha karyuM ke jaDa prakRtimAM je prAkRtika niyameA pravarte che e ja saMpUrNa rIte vanaspati--ane jIvananA vyApArane paNa lAgu paDe che. judI judI paristhitimAM emanA daizika ane kAlika saManya sarakhI rIte ja mApI zakAya che; arthAt sAyansanI prayAgapaddhati (Method of Experiment) baMnene lAgu pADI zakAya che. (va) paNa upara jaNAvelI hadanI bahAra keTaluMka che: manuSya ane anya prANIonA mAnasika vyApAranA kAraNa viSe vicAra karatAM, mAtra kAraNanI yI paristhiti ane upAdhimAM kevuM kArya thAya che eTaluM ja prayeAgapaddhatie nirNIta karI zakAya che, e karatAM kAraNanA tAttvika svarUpa viSe adhika kahI zakAtuM nathI;

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"jaDa ane cita" bIjuM, bIjamAMthI joIe tevI AkRti ane baMdhAraNavALuM vRkSAdi cetana pahelethI chevaTa sudhI kevI rIte Uge che-e vyApAre sAkSAta avalokI ane mApI zakAtA nathI. (2) eka gRhastha 1882 mAM DArvine lakhelA eka patramAMthI nIcene UtAre TAMkI meka - "je ke hajI sudhI te jaDamAMthI cetana pADI zake ema batAvanAre pUrAvo maLI zakayo nathI-te paNa huM ema mAnuM chuM ke, avicchinnatA ( Continuity )nA niyamAnusAra keI dahADe A vAtanI zakyatA siddha karI zakAze. mane sAMbhare che ke pacAsa varSa upara ema manAtuM ke jIvanta vanaspati ane prANImAM koI evo padArtha nathI ke je jIvazaktio (Vital forces) nI madada vinA utpanna thaI zake cheojhonanuM bahAranuM svarUpa jotAM, jaDa (inorganised- nirindriya') ane cetana (organised sendriya') vacce bheda mAno ke durghaTa che e samajAya che. A jagata upara chavA padArtho utpanna thaI zake ema jyAre siddha thaI zakaze tyAre e padArthone paNa prakRtinA keIke sAmAnya niyama nIce mUkI zakAze. jagatanA banAvamAM je niyata pauvaparya che ane jene ApaNe prakRtinA niyamo kahIe chIe emAMthI IkSaNAdi cetanadharmavALuM jagatanuM kAraNa Izvara-sAdhI zakAya ke kema e mane ghaNo guMcavaNabharelo viSaya lAge che. enA upara meM ghaNIvAra vicAra karyo che, paNa emAM mane spaSTa mArga sUjhato nathI." (3) " TAImsapatranA taMtrIe A prazna upara potAne abhiprAya darzAvatAM jaNAvyuM ke - (4) DAvina A UtArAmAM IzvaranA astitva bAbata sadeha batAve che, eTalAthI e siddha thAya che ke IzvaranuM astitva DArvinanA prAkRtika siddhAnto sAthe asaMgata nathIH asaMgata hota te e sadeha batAvavAne badale niSedha ja karata. (a) DArvinane vikAsavAda jagata-vikAsanA kAraNa paratve nathI, e te mAtra e vikAsanI rIti ane paddhati ja batAve che. (1) haiDa kevina jaDa pAsA ane cetana vanaspati Adi vacce 1 ja vizvavikAsa eka avicchinna sUtravata che emAM kazI paNa gAMTha ke tUTa nathI, sasA bahArathI kAMI AvIne emAM paDatuM nathI.

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"jaDa ane cita" 497 je bheda pADe che e jarUra nathI. mahAna bhautikazAstrI klArka eNkala egya ja kahe che ke -"je guNemAM kAMI kiMmata rahelI che e badhA guNemAM jaDa paramANuo sarakhAM thayAM enuM zuM kAraNa? A sAdasyanA khulAsA mATe ApaNe e paramANuonI pAra sarvanuM eka kAraNa mAnavuM joIe." kalArka meMphaspela A kAraNane paramANunuM sarjaka ane caitanyaviziSTa niyAmaka mAne che. e ja pramANe lairDa kelvina jaDamAM paNa paramAtmAnA astitvanI sAkhya jUe te emAM zuM che ? ke, jaDa karatAM cetana vadhAre adbhuta che emAM saMzaya nahi. (4) mi. meleke lorDa kelvina hAme jaNAvyuM ke - (4) kelvina mAnI le che ke manuSyamAM svatantra kRti-zakti che, paNa ema mAnavAne zuM pramANa che? (g) cetana kAraNa siddha karavAthI basa nathIH e kAraNanItithI bharapUra che ema siddha karavuM joIe. vizvatantramAM je karatA Tenisanane najare paDI hatI, e kevinane najare kema na paDavI joIe? (5) prophesara re laMkesTara nAmanA eka pratiSThita vidvAne eka lAMbA patramAM nIcenA tAtparyavALA vicAre darzAvyA - (#) sAyansa ane dharma vacce lairDa kelvina je nikaTa saMbandha batAve che e bhUlabharelo che. e baMne vacce pUrve kAMI paNa saMbandha jovAmAM Avato hoya te te virodhane che. (4) samasta vizva--jaDa ane cetana, manuSya pazu ane gesa sarva eka yantravata, sapta kAryakAraNanA niyamane adhIna che. enA mukhya mukhya guNa ane vigata dinaparadina manuSya enI buddhithI jANato Ave che. paNa e yagna kyAMthI AvyuM? zA mATe astitvamAM che? kayI tarapha jAya che? enI pAra ApaNuM IndriyethI agrAhaya evuM zuM che ane zuM nathI?--e viSe ApaNe kAMI paNa jANIe chIe, ke jANavAnI AzA rAkhI zakIe, ke jANavAnI zakyatA sarakhI paNa kalpI zakIe ema kaI paNa DAhyo mANasa kaheze nahi. Ane khulAso sAyansa kadI Apyo nathI, ane Apaze nahi. () leDa kelvine jaDa ane cetananI utpattine bheda batAvyo e bAbata dalIlavALA khulAsAnI jarUra che.

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498 r (6) zvare prathama jaDa paramANuo utpanna karyAM, ane paramANuemAM svayaMcetana UpajAvavAnI zakti na hatI te pAte UpajAvI ApyuMarthAt zvara eka citArA jevA che, je prathama raMga manAve che, ane e rga peAtAnI meLe chakhI cItarI zakatA nathI mATe pAte ene ceAgya rIte vyavasthita karI chakSmI cItarI le che. A pramANe paramANunI sRSTi ane enI vyavasthA karanAra zviranI kalpanAmAM prAcIna aneka devavAdanA lIsATA ApaNe joie chIe. (3) jaDa ane cit " "" 1 jIvanatattva " nI kalpanA sAyansanI abhivRddhimAM mahu vidyakAraka thaI paDI che. vicArasaMkramaNa pretAvAhana vagere saMbandhI kalpanA jevI ja A kalpanA paNa nirmUla che. (6) chevaTe prasiddha mahAvidrAna sara lIvara lAje lADa kelvinanA keTalAka bacAva karatAM jaNAvyuM ke pAsA ane cetana vanaspati Adi vacce A bheda che--sAmAnya yAtrika niyamAnusAra pAse anyAya che, paNa vanaspati ane prANInA andhAraNa mATe kAMIka vizeSa joie che. A andhAraNanuM niyAmaka kAMIka " jIvatattva (Life-germ) aAvuM joie, jenuM svarUpa huM ke khIjo kAI paNa bhautikapadArthatattvazAstrI bilakula samajatA nathI. vicArasaMkramaNu vagere khAmata lADa kelvina, preA re lasTara vagere tiraskArI kADhe che e huM jANuM chuM--paNa e khAkhata navI zeAdhAelI huM mAnuM chuM, ane bhaviSyamAM krANu kharUM paDe che e ApaNe joizuM! e lakhe cheH "9 "As to the little parting shot at me about telepathy; it is true that I regard it as a recently discovered fact, opening a new and obscure chapter in science; it is also true that Lord Kelvin, Professor Ray Lankester, and nearly all biologists disagree contemptuously with this opinion. Well we shall see." [ vasanta, bhAdrapada 1959 ]

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hindustAnanA gI saMnyAsI ane sAdhue kahya hindustAnanA rogI saMnyAsI ane sAdhuo " The Mystics, Ascetics and Saints of India. " -(By J. C. Oman) | hindustAnanA "gI saMnyAsI verAgI ane sAdhuo' saMbandhI mi. mana nAmanA eka aMgreje A pustaka lakhyuM che. mi. emana pUrve lAhoranI sarakArI kolejamAM bannecarala sAyansa" nA prophesara hatA. ane emaNe AkhA hindustAnamAM pharIne tema ja himAlaya vagere sthAnamAM keTaloka vakhata kADhIne A varganA lokanI mAhItI meLavI che, teonI adbhuta vAta sAMbhaLI che, ane eka aMgreja ApaNuM lokane jeTalo paricaya meLavI zake teTale meLavIne A pustaka racyuM che. pustakamAM aMgreja vAcakane vinoda ane Azcarya pamADe evA bAvAo ane phakIrenA citre ApyAM che, ane ghaNuM vArtAo lakhI che, jemAM ApaNuM lekane taddana navuM ja jANavAnuM hoya evuM kAI nathI, paNa vAMcatAM rasa Upaje evI hakIkata ghaNI che. zarUAtanuM ane chevaTanu--e be prakaraNa khAsa vAMcavA jevAM che. prathama prakaraNamAM ApaNuM tyAgabhAvanAnA kAraNa ane vikAsa sabandhI carcA che. , mi. emananuM ema kahevuM che ke andhAdhunI julama ane ApattinA vakhatamAM mANasa svAbhAvika rIte A dunIAthI nirAza thAya che eTale enuM mana maraNa pachInI bIjI dunI A zodhavA tathA Izvara meLavavA tarapha doDe che. sapATa dezamA loka ALasu ane nabaLA thAya che, ane rAjya julamI thAya che. lAMbA vakhata sudhI A dezamAM moTAM vana paDelA hatA, tAva marakI ane dukALa vAraMvAra cAlyA karatA, hAnapaNathI strI-puruSomAM viSayavAsanAo pedA thatI ethI loka nirbaLa thatA, ane nAta-jAtanAM badhAne lIdhe lekamAM hunara kArIgarI paNa saMkaDAI gayAM hatAM. A lokamAM ItihAsa lakhAyo nathI, enuM kAraNa paNa e ja che ke je prajA AnandI sukhI ane baLavAna hoya che ene ja pitAnAM parAkrama nodhavAnu sUjhe che. vaLI atre moTI saMkhyA vanaspatinA kherAka upara jIve che ethI paNa teo nAma ane AzAhIna thayA che. tathA emanA mananA baMdhAraNamAM lAgaNuM ane kalpanAnuM prAdhAnya hovAthI, teo svAbhAvika rIte dharma tarapha vaLe che emanA zAstrakAre paNa cAra Azrama bAMdhyA emAM pahelo bhIkhano ane

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500 hindustAnanA pegI saMnyAsI ane sAdhuo chelle saMsAra choDI jatA rahevAne; emanI kuTumbabhAvanA avibhakata rahevAnI-e paNa ALasa ane nidyoganI piSaka. umadAmAM umadA vastusthitine paNa viparIta graha kevI rIte thAya enA udAharaNa rUpe uparanI kalpanA ThIka che. mi. omana gayA jamAnAnA sAyansanA prophesara hoya te emanI pAse dharma saMbadhI yathArtha samajaNanI AzA rAkhavI vyartha che. subhAgye bakalanI rIte havA pANI ane pRthvI mAtrathI manuSyanA Antara svarUpane khulAso karavAno yatna have khare gaNatA nathI, ane dharma saMbadhI vicAro te regI hRdayanI kalpanA ja nathI paNa satya paramAtmAnuM darzana karAvanAra Antara prakAza che e vAta pAzcAtya tattvajJAnamAM have eTalI badhI siddhAntarUpa thaI gaI che ke ethI viruddha mata dharAvanArane mAthe saghaLA purAvAne bojo rahe che ema kahIe te cAle. asala rAjyapaddhati julamI hatI e vAtane svayaMprakAza satya mAnanAra prati te kAMI kahevuM rahetuM nathI, paNa jeonAM mana hajI A saMbaMdhamAM vicAra karavAne taiyAra che emane eTaluM smaraNa ApavAno avakAza che ke-prAcIna tema ja madhyayuga suddhAnI rAjyapaddhatimAM rAjAnI sattA taddana nirargala hatI ema mAnavuM khoTuM che. prAcIna samayamAM rAjAnI sattA upara, lokahitArthe svayaM nirdhana rahI umadA salAha ApavAnuM kArya vahenAra guruo, temaja kAryadakSa mantrIo, tathA aneka varNanA yogya agraNIo eone aMkuza hato. mi. emane je vairAgyavRttine nirdo che e megesthinIsanA samaya pahelAM sekaDe varSathI cAlI AvatI hatI, chatAM evA vakhatamAM hindusthAnanuM rAjyatanna kevuM satoSakAraka hatuM e suvidita che. vaLI jyAre AvA depadazeke rAjAnA julamanI vAta kare che tyAre teo eka vAta bhUlI jAya che ke vyakita uparanA julamanA bhale ghaNuM dAkhalA maLe, paNa janasAmAnya upara julama thayAnA dAkhalA te thoDA ja jovAmAM Avaze. laDhAI vakhate paNa kaI kheDUtanA khetarone nukazAna karatu nahi e megesthinIsanuM avalokana madhyayugamAM paNa ghaNe bhAge kharuM hatuM. ane tethI ja karIne gujarAtane eka itihAsakAra lakhe che tema, atre rAjya badalAtAM chatAM loka to jANe jANatA ja nathI ! vizeSamAM e khUba yAda rAkhavA jevuM che ke hindustAnanI briTiza amala pahelAMnI rAjyanIti hamezAM "Village communities"-grAmasaMsthA ane te sAthe joDAelA sthAnika svarAjyanA dhAraNa upara racAelI hatI, ane tethI hAla karatAM paNa eka rIte lekanuM svAtaMtrya adhika hanu vatatratAnuM abhimAna dharAvanAra iMglaMDa hajI dezanI

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hindustAnanA megI saMnyAsI ane sAdhue 501 bhUmine leAkanI bhUmi kahI zakatuM nathI, ane hajI enuM svAmitva thADIka vyaktinA hAthamAM rAkAI rahyu che, ane ene pariNAme nIcalA varganI sthiti daivI karuNAjanaka thaI che e jANItuM che; ApaNA dezamAM bhUmi hamezAM prajAnI ja gaNAtI. prajA khetI kare ane pAke temAMthI amuka hissA rAjAne Ape--pArka tA ja Ape ane na pAke to enuM kAI nAma paNa na le--dezamAM dukALa paDe te rAjA emAM peAtAnuM pApa mAne ane rAjA kAI vakhata julamI thavA jAya teA prajAnA agraNIonI kja ke e julama peAtAne mAthe vhArI laIne paNa prajAsAmAnyanuM rakSaNa karavuM. ochAmAM ochAM traNa cAra hajAra varSathI A dezamAM vairAgyanI saMsthAe cAlI AvI che; ane eTale badhe vakhata prajAe nIce meADhe rAjyanA julama sahana karyA karyo ema mAnavAmAM / A derAnA leAkane svasaMrakSaNarUpI sAmAnya manuSyasvabhAva taddana niSedhavAmAM Ave che. A kalpanAmA dhI bhUla dharma saMbandhI kheATI samajaNumAMthI ja UpajI cheH kharI vAta e che ke saMsAra karatAM paNa manuSyasvabhAvane vadhAre priya thaI paDe evA para padArtha che, e padArthanI zeAdhamAM keTalAka virala puruSA pAtAnI ucca svabhAvika manuSyatAthI dvArAya che, ane e zeAdhathI peAtAnuM temaja jagatnuM kalyANu kare che; jeone A zeAdhamAM kAMI artha jaNAtA nathI, ane jee para padArthane mAtra jhAMjhavAnu pANI ja samaje che, te manuSya svabhAvanI A vRttinA havA pANI vagere khAdgha Agantuka kAraNAthI khulAsA karavAne yatna kare che. je paramAtmAne satya padArtha mAne che ane jue che, teone ekavAra ema kahezeA ke rAjyanA jIlasathI tamArA manamAM A kalpanA UDI che, teA teo A vAta niSedhaze, ane tame durAgrahathI tamArA nidAnane vaLagI raheze te tene eTale ja uttara Apaze ke evA rAjyanA julama sadA sarvadA he!! ame te paramAtmAne joie chIe, amane e saMsAra karatAM vadhAre priya lAge che ane tethI ame ene tanamanathI bhajIe chIe; rAjakIya julamane amArA valaNanA kAraNurUpe batAvavAthI paNa amArI zeAdha kharA padArtha mATe che e vAta maTatI nathI. TUMkAmAM jyAM sudhI e padArtha zodhavA jevA che tyAM sudhI amArA patha paNa e sAthe jaDAelA che, je divase Izvara nathI evA siddhAnta jagamAM mAnya thaze, te dahArDa amArA panthanI upacAgitA viSe prazna karo. hAla te, ame satyanA upAsaka chIe, enI upAsanAmAM amArUM jIvana gALIe chIe, ane amane je "

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pa02 hindustAnanA gI saMnyAsI ane sAdhuo jaDe che te ame jagatane ApIe chIe-eTalo ja uttara ApI bezI rahIe te tema karavAne amAre haka che.' amuka kArya amuka kAraNathI Upaje che eTaluM batAvavAthI e kAryanI nirarthakatA svatasiddha thaI jatI nathI. A uparyukta uttaramAM mi. emananA kathanane uttara thaI jAya che chatAM, emaNe batAvelAM bIjA kAraNe upara paNa sAmAnya najara pheravIe. pUrve tAva marakI ane dukALathI lokamAM saMnyAsavRtti utpanna thaI che e nidAnapradarzanane uparanA javAbamAM uttara thaI gayeH vizeSamAM Azcarya eTaluM Upaje che ke traNa hajAra varSa sudhI je dezamAM tAva marakI ane dukALe satata vAsa karyo haze e dezamAM trIsa karoDanI vastI zI rIte thaI haze ? prasaMgepAra, pUrvokta mahaTAM vana saMbaMdhI viSayAntaranA be zabdo kahevAnuM mana thaI Ave che. A saMbandhamAM thoDAka vakhata upara prinsipAla sebIe TAImsa oNpha InDiyAmAM eka patra lakhyo hate emAM ghaNI naherethI jamInane nukazAna batAvI jaMgalo vadhAravAnI bhalAmaNuM karI hatI enuM atyAre amane smaraNa thAya che. upahAsa sAthe hindustAna paratve ghaNIvAra kahevAmAM Ave che ke je prajAmAM itihAsa nathI e kharekhara sukhI che!" amane lAge che ke je prajA hajAra be hajAra varSa upara jaMgalI dazA bhogavatI hatI ane atyAre jene e vAtanuM vismaraNa thaI gayuM che e e karatAM paNa vadhAre sukhI che ! vyavahAra ane paramArtha ubhaya viSayamAM grIsa Ijipta palesTAIna ane arabastAna dvArA hindusthAnane guru karyA pachI, have e vAtane upakAra mAnavAnI jarUra rahI nathI e vismaraNazaktinuM DuM sukha nathI! je lokane ItihAsanA abhAva mATe nindavAmAM Ave che e loke itihAsanA badalAmAM jagatane zuM zuM ApyuM che, vizvamAM manuSyanA sthAna saMbadhI kevI kevI bhAvanA jagatane upadezI che, e pAzcAtya itihAsakAro potAnA itihAsamAM nedhe te basa che. A prajA eka vakhata kevI AnandI sukhI ane balavAna hatI e vAta atrenA sAhityAdikanA purAvA uparathI sahaja siddha thaze. chatAM atrenI ane pazcimanI prajAnA Ananda tathA sukhane ravarUpamAM anyatra tattvajJAnane pariNAme kAMI bheda jaNAta hoya te emAM samajavAnuM eTaluM ja ke manuSyajJAnanu bALakapaNuM maTI jAya ane vizvamAM manuSyanuM zuM sthAna che e vicAravA jeTalI proDhatA Ave, tyAre pUrvane

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hindustAnanA yAgI saMnyAsI ane sAdhu 503 Ananda kSaNavAra jaI, vicAragrastatA prApta thaI, chevaTe mAIka gaMbhIra Anandu ja UpajavA lAge te te svAbhAvika che. ApaNA AnandanA svarUpamAM kAIne kAMI vilakSaNutA pratIta thatI hAya tA tenA A khulAsA che. vanaspatinA kheArAthI prajA nAma thAya che ke kema e prazna deha ane AtmAne saMpUrNa rIte eka gaNI vaidyakazAstrAMtargata mAtra AhArazAstrathI ja nakkI thaI zake ema nathI. tema, amuka prajA vanaspatibhakSaka che ane te niSphaLa che. eTalA darzanathI paNa vanaspatibhakSaNu ane niLatA vacce akhAdhya kAryakAraNabhAva sthApavA muzkela che. chatAM, ApaNe kSaNavAra A vAta mAnI laie. paraMtu e uparathI amane prazna e thAya che ke--iMglAMDanA leAka hAlamAM enA vyApAra hunnara Adi sudhArAne laI laDhAine mATe ochA lAyaka thAya che ane lazkarakhAtAmAM jotAM mANasA maLavAM paNa kaThaNa paDe che, tyAre IMgleMDa vyApArahunnarAdi sudhArAne aniSTa gaNI tyaje e ThIka manAze? amane lAge che ke vyApAra ane zaiAya ubhaya jALavI rAkhavAnA prayatna karavA paDaze; ane tadanusAra prakRta viSayamAM paNa khArAkamAM yAnI bhAvanA sAthe ja prajA tarIkenuM khaLa joDavuM paDaze; manuSyasudhArAnA kramamAM ekavAra AgaLa bhareluM pagaluM pAchuM bharavuM e ceAgya nahi gaNAya. mi. emana kahe che ke hindustAnamAM nhAnapaNathI strI-puruSAmAM je viSayavAsanAe peTThA thAya che tethI niSmaLatA thAya che, ane tethI nivRttimArga sUjhe che. nivRttimArgane hRdayane rAga mAnanArane A kalpanA saheja che. paNa jeo e mArgane satyAnveSaNanA ane AtmabaLanA samaje che te teA Ane uttara eTalA ja Apaze ke nivRttimArga e viSayavAsanAnuM pariNAma nathI, paNa auSadha che. vaLI, nAtajAtanAM andhanAthI khIjA game teTalAM aniSTa phaLa UpajatAM hAya, paNa ethI leAkamAM hunnara kArIgarIte devaLa nukazAna ja thayuM che e pratipAdana te bahu sAhasa bharelu cheH amuka mANasa amuka ja dhandhA kare e niyamathI hindustAMnamAM udyoga saMkaDAI gayA ema vicAra karanArA te sAthe rahelI eka aitihAsika vastusthiti bhUlI jAya che ke dhanyAone jIvatA rAkhanAra ane vaMzapara parA nipuNatA vistAranAra saMsthA paNa pUrvokta niyama ja+ hAlamAM sarakAre + chellAmAM chello pratiSThita abhiprAyaH-- "The Hindu Village System is based upon division of labour quite as much as upon hereditary caste. The weaver, the potter, the blacksmith, the brazier, the oil-presser are each

Page #561
pa04 hindustAnanA yogI saMnyAsI ane sAdhuo Tekinakala keLavaNI saMbaMdhI vicAra karavAne eka kamiTi nImI hatI eNe paNa te te varganI pitapatAnA dhandhAmAM savizeSa nipuNatA joI siddhAnta e karyo ke dareka vargane pitAnA bApadAdAne ja dho zIkhava. vaLI niragala spardhA thI prajAnAM avayavone keTaluM kaSTa thAya che, baLavAnane lAbha thaI nirbaLane AtmasaMrakSaNa kevuM azakya thaI paDe che e suvidita che. prakRtinI A krUratA dUra karavI emAM manuSyanuM manuSyatva raheluM che, ane te ja kAraNathI IgleMDamAM paNuM majura varganAM mahAjane baMdhAyAM che. tAtparya ke udyoga upara jJAtisaMsthAnI kevaLa mAThI ja asara thaI che ema kahevAmAM atizakita che. nivRttimArganI utpatti anya svatantra kAraNathI ja che e vAta te ame upara anekavAra batAvI gayA chIe. avibhakta kuTumbabhAvanA ALasa ane nirudyoganI poSaka hoya, te vibhakta kuTumbabhAvanA paNa svArtha ane drohanI piSaka che, ane Azrayane abhAve ghaNuM amUlya zakita bIja rUpe ja rahI jAya che, ghaNI sundara ane amRta sarakhI velo jamIna upara vagara pAMgaryo naSTa thaI jAya che, e vastu paNa smaraNa bahAra javA devI joItI nathI ane te sAthe e vicAravAnuM che ke-janamaMDaLanI bhAvanA prabaLa rAkSaso UpajAvavAmAM siddha thAya che ke gya baLa sAthe premabhAva vistAranAra bhagavAnanI vibhUti prakaTAvavAmAM siddha thAya che? jIvanane hetu ja jeo ApaNuthI ulaTa kalpe che temanAthI ApaNuM bhAvanAnI uccatA kadI paNa samajI na zakAya emAM amane Azcarya lAgatuM nathI. paNa jyAre ApaNuM AzramavyavasthA-jenI eke avAje ghaNA pAzcAtya vidvAne paNa prazaMsA kare che-emAM paNa mi. emanane pahele ane cheDe bhIkha ane kAyaratA ja lAge, tyAre tenA A abhiprAyane Azcaryacihna ( ! ) thI aMkavAna amane haka che. gayA varSanA eka aMkamAM yogya amALanI bhAvanA jetI nathI members of a community as well as inheritors of family occupation. On the one hand, they have secure market for their wares, and on the other, their employers have guarantee that their trades shall be well learned. Simplicity of life and permanence of employment are here happily combined with a high degree of excellence in design and honesty of execution." (enasAiklopIDiyA briTenikAnI navamI AvRttinA dvitIya mudraNanI paripUrtimAMthI)

Page #562
hindustAnanA pegI saMnyAsI ane sAdhuo pa05 ame vAcakane A saMbadhI keTaluMka kahI gayA chIe--eTale A sthaLe hAla kAMI kahevAnI jarUra jaNAtI nathI. . mi. emane karelI nivRttimArganI nidAnakalpanAe ApaNane ghaNuM kyA. have ApaNe emane phalacintana-nivRttimArge A deza upara karelI sArI peTI asaranA nirUpaNu-upara AvIe. A bhAgamAM mi. emananA pahelA prakaraNanuM keTaleka aMze prAyazcitta thaI jAya che. atratya nivRttimArganA dhArmika lAbhamAM mi. emane traNa gaNuM cheethI lokanI dRSTi AgaLa vizuddhi saMyama ane kSudra saMsAravyavahAranI bedarakArI enI bhAvanA upasthita rahI che, garIbane dAna karavA tarapha gRhasthavargamAM vRtti prerAI che, ane aneka paLe utpanna thaI paraspara sahanatA AvI che. sAmAjika pleTa lAbha e thayo che ke jJAtibandhanathI ucca nIcanA je vicAra utpanna thAya che, emAM ghaTADo thaI manuSya mAtranI samatA tarapha lekanI daSTi gaI che. rAjakIya dRSTie sAdhuoe eka lAbha karyo che ane eka nukazAna karyuM che. teo sadA AkhA hindustAnamAM bhaTakatA rahe che, ane tethI AkhA dezanI ekatA lekanI najara AgaLa Ave che, paNa teo A jagatane mithyA karAve che tethI rAjakIya dRSTimAM atiAvazyaka evuM je svadezAbhimAna tene nAza thAya che. (A mithyAdaSTinuM pariNAma che ke kema, ane e mithyAdaSTi sAthe paNa svadezAbhimAna kevuM saMgata karI zakAya che e eka judo prazna che ane te bIje kaIka vakhate carcavA jevo che.) vaLI, manuSyabuddhinA vikAsamAM A mArge nukasAna karyuM che e prakRtine abhyAsa nirarthaka gaNI kADhI nAkhe che, ane dhyAna vagere azAstrIya sAdhanAnI mRgatRSaNA utteje che. udyoganI bAbatamAM, nivRttimArge hindustAnamAM kAyama ALasupaNAnAM tattavajJAna ane kalA UpajAvyAM che! eka pAdarInI gaNatarI pramANe hindustAnamAM vastIne AThame bhAga bhIkha mAgavAne dhandha kare che. mi. emane A gaNatarInA viSamAMthI keTaloka ghaTADe kare che-te kahe che ke IgleMDa jevA dezamAM paNa keTaleka garIba varga evo hoya che jene sarakArI tIjorImAMthI eTale ke dezanA paisAmAMthI nivaha karavo paDe che- atre sAdhuone khAnagI dAnathI nirvAha thAya che, mATe amuka saMkhyA te bhIkha mAganArAonI Avazyaka gaNI bAda karavI joIe. vaLI dareka dezamAM dharmopadezake paNa kAMIka kare che, ane te pramANe atre sAdhuonI keTalIka saMkhyA lekane dharma upadezavAnuM kAma kare che, eTale teTalI saMkhyAne

Page #563
506 hindustAnanA yAgI saMnyAsI ane sAdhue .. cheka nirarthaka gaNavI na joIe. vaLI dareka dezamAM keTalAka satpuruSe evA hAya che ke jeo " mizapa phUTana eka sthaLe kahe che tema svargamAM senA jevA kimatI gaNAya, paNa A pRthvI upara nakAmA AvA sattvaguNI ane zAnta puruSA hindustAnanA sAdhuemAM paNa keTalAka heAya che. vaLI khIjA dezamAM, keTalAka nizrvamI leAkeA evA duSTa nIvaDe che ke tevA te A dezamAM hAtA ja nathI. ekandara dhArmika dRSTie mi. Amana sAdhuone ucca bhAvanAnA preraka ane keTaleka aMze upayAgI mAne che. ane A prakaraNa vAMcatA te lagabhaga ema thAya che ke- sAdhue viSe AvA niSpakSapAta vicAra mAMdhanArA ceDA haze. te upara dayA lAvI mi, Amana lakhe che ke-- "Sadhus are not more fortunate; for whatever merits or their claims may be they are looked down upon with contemptuous indifference by the ruling race, the new twice borns of the Indian world, now in effect the predominate caste, exhibiting all the virtues and the vices of its peculiar position, privileges, and pretensions. ,, A vAMya amane rAjakIya carcAmAM kheMce che, paNa tema thavA detAM prakRta lekha bahu laMbAI jaze ane viSayAntara paNa bahu thaze--mATe ATalethI ja aTakIzuM. chevaTe eTaluM jaNAvIzuM ke uparanA avaleAkanamAM yadyapi ame nivRttimArganI himAyata karI che, tathApi enA artha evA nathI ke Aja * kaliyugamAM nivRttimArga kevuM svarUpa dhAraNa karaze e sabandhI zrImadbhAgavatamAM dakSa prajApatinA yajJane prasaMge eka bhaviSyavANI che enuM atre amane smaraNa thAya che. dakSa prajApatinA yajJamAMthI zivane apamAna karIne kADhI mUkavAmAM AvyA te vakhate zivanA gaNu nandIzvare karmamArgI brAhmaNA kalimAM kevA thaze e viSe, ane te hAme brAhmaNeAnA agraNI bhRguRSie nivRttimArgI khAvA kevA thaze te viSe, paraspara zAparUpa udgArA kADhayA hatA. nandIvare dIdhelA zApa * viSayasukhanI lAlasAthI kapaTathI bharelA gharasaMsAramAM baMdhAI rahelA vedanAM rAcaka vacaneAthI suddhihIna thaele je dakSa karyAM karyAM kareche, te, dehane ja AtmA mAnanArI buddhine lIdhe AtmasvarUpane vIsarI gayele! pazunA

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hindustAnanA pegI saMnyAsI ane sAdhuo pa07 kAla kahevAtA verAgIo saMnyAsIo ane sAdhuonuM jIvana ame pasanda samAna dakSa strI upara atyaMta Asakita rAkhanAre thajo ane thoDA samayamAM tenuM mukha bekaDAnuM thaje; kAraNa ke e dakSa prajApati karma karavArUpI ajJAnane jJAna mAnanAre jaDa che. vaLI jeo atre zaMkaranuM apamAna karanArA e dakSane anusaranArA hoya teo paNa A saMsAramAM janma maraNa pAmyA kare. jemAM puSpanI peThe manane prasanna karanArA ghaNuM arthavAdo rahelA che, evI vedavANInA madhanA gaMdhanI peThe manane meha karanArAM ghaNuM vAkyathI mUDha manavALA, za karanA devI loka karmamA ja Asakta raheje. sarva vastunuM bhakSaNa karanArA, AjIvikA mATe vidyA, tapa ane vratane dhAraNa karanArA tathA dhana viSe, deha viSe ane Idriyo viSe, Anada mAnanArA te brAhmaNo A jagatamAM yAcaka thaIne pharyA karaje." bhuguRSie dIdhela zApa jeo zaMkaranA vratane dhAraNa kare che tathA jeo tene anusare che, teo pAkhaMDI tathA sArA zAstranA zatra ha. vaLI teo pavitratA vinAnA, mUDha buddhivALA, tathA jaTA, bhasma ane hADakAMne dhAraNa karanArA thajo, ane zivanI dIkSAmAM praveza karaje ke je dIkSAmAM madirA tathA tADI, devanA jevI pUjAya che. vaLI, tame varNAzramanA AcAronuM rakSaNa karanArA maryAdA rUpa vedanI tathA brAhmaNanI nidA kare che, mATe pAkhaDane Azraya karanArA thaje. lokenuM kalyANa karanAre sanAtana mArga A veda ja che; je mArgane prAcIna RSio anusaratA hatA, ane je mArga bhagavAne pravartAvelo che; te parama zuddha ane puruSone sanAtana kALane je veda, tenI tame nidA kare che, mATe tame pAkha DI mArgamAM jAo, ke je mArgamAM bhUtapretane rAjA tamAre deva che." uparanA be khaMDe ekabIjA sAthe meLavIne vAMcavAthI karmamArga ane nivRttimArga bannenA guNadoSa samajAze. ane temAthI cAlatA praznanA saMbadhumAM, nivRttimArge mULa UpajAvelI abhedabuddhi ane sAkaDA vekta karmamArganI khAmI ane vizALa jJAnamArganI uccatA dhyAnamAM Avaze. te ja sAthe, nivRttimArga enI adhama sthitimAM kevuM svarUpa dhAraNa kare che te paNa samajAze. dakSa (dakSa=kuzaLa, karmakADamA kuzaLa) e karmamArganI mUrti che. ane paramahaMsa ziva e kalyANa mArganI mUrti che. be be karatA bekaDAnuM mukha-ajA'nuM sukha--e pazurUpa "ajA' kahetA mAyA enuM rUpa che.

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508 hindustAnanA gI saMnyAsI ane sAdhuo karIe chIe. hamaNAM thoDAka vakhata upara, lAlA janAtha nAme uttara hindustAnanAM eka nAmIcA gRhastha haridvAranA meLAnA potAnA anubhava uparathI eka lekha lakhyo che, emAM A varganA leke khare nivRttimArga kevA visarI beThA che e bahu sArI rIte batAvyuM che. keTalAka dhanADhaya heya che, ghaNuM mUrkha ane kalahapriya hoya che, ane mAtra thoDAka ja zAnta, vidvAna ane kharI sAdhutAnAM lakSaNavALA hoya che. teo kahe che ke e meLAmAM se haSTapuSTa juvAna chokarAone savAramAM janoI dIdhuM, ane sAMjhe sarvane saMnyAsI karI choDI mUkyA ! A vAta jema eka taraphathI hAsya UpajAvanArI che, tema bIjI taraphathI ApaNane nIcuM jovaDAvanArI che. ane enI yathArthatA mATe lezabhAra paNa zaMkrA levAnuM kAraNa nathI. lAlA baijanAthane e varga mATe bhamatA hatI, ane emane hindustAnanA hitArthe kAMI sadupayoga thaI zake te karavo e irAdAthI teo tyAM gayA hatA, ane chevaTe nirAza thayA. zerIAmAMthI keLa UpajAvavAno zrama vRthA che. lehamAMthI suvarNa kADhavuM azakya che. lehane suvarNa banAvavA mATe alaukika pArasamaNino sparza joIe. eka navo ja sanyAsI ane sAdhuone varga upajAvavAnI jarUra che. je nivRttimArga khare che, te uttama magaja ane hRdayavALA jagahitaiSI hindanivAsIoe jJAna bhakti ane vairAgya mUrtirUpa thaI sarvatra vicaravuM joIe. AvA parama dayALu mahAtmAo, jemane avatAra pRthvIne kRtArthe karavA mATe ja che, emanA nAmanI paraMparA atyAre smaraNamAM AvI amArA hRdayane pAvana karI rahI che - "yaM pravrajantamanupetamapetakRtyaM dvaipAyano virahakAtara AjuhAva / putreti tanmayatayA taravobhinedu : te sarva matadAthe munimAnatoDarika che" jene kAMIpaNa karmo karavAM bAkI rahyAM na hatAM, tathA jene hajI upanayana saMskAra paNa thayo nahate evA zukadevajI vanamAM cAlI nIkaLyA, te zamaNe virahathI vikala thaelA emanA pitA vedavyAsa dvaipAyana muni emaNe emanI pAchaLa doDI "he, putra!" ema ugAra karyo. te vakhate AsapAsanAM vRkSAe, zukadevajIrUpa hAI, uttara vALyo ! evA sarva bhUta mAtranA hRdayarUpa zukamunine huM praNAma karU chuM. visanta, piSa, saMvata 1961]

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zrI mahAbhAratanuM upadezarahasya 509 zrI mahAbhAratanuM upadezarahasya zrI mahAbhArata asaMkhya nhAnAM mhoTAM AkhyAnethI bhareluM che. keTalAka vAcakane e AkhyAne rUpI vRkSothI bharelu eka jagala dIse che; keTalAkane e AkhyAmAM kimatI upadeza najare paDe che, ane tethI teonI daSTi pramANe A pustaka amulya upadezaranI khANa jevuM, ane e AkhyAne pAchaLathI saMgrahavAmAM AvyAM che ema mAnIe te upadezanA saMgrahasthAna jevuM che. A traNe upamAomAM kAMIne kAI satya to samAela che ja. mahAbhAratanA AkhyAmAM bhamatA bezaka eka bhavya ane svayaMbhU jaMgalanuM bhAna thAya che-emA jagala jevI ja vividhatA, viSamatA, akRtrimatA, ane nirantatA pratIta thAya che, eTaluM ja nahi, paNa emA manujahRdayanI vRttio rUpI vividha pazupaMkhIone kelAhala, tathA paramAtmArUpI adazya vAyunuM kavacit madhura gAna, kvacita ghara susavATa, ane kvacita taravarene mULamAMthI ukheDI nAkhato pracaDaga-e ja galanI upamAne gya banAve che. khANunI upamA paNa e mahAna granthamA kevA UMDA kimatI so rahelA che e sUcave che. jema jema e granthanA mananamAM UMDA UtaratA jaIe chIe tema tema tema satyanA UMDAM ne UMDA paDe mAlama paDatAM jAya che, ane enAM akhUTa ratna kadI paNa pUrepUrAM bahAra Avaze ke kema enI za kA rahe che. vaLI hAlanu mahAbhArata te aneka zatakemAM banelA vArtAla kAranu vyAsajIe raceluM saMgrahasthAna che ema kahevAmAM paNa keTaluka satya cheH kAraNa, yadyapi jUnI vArtAo ekaThI karIne prasiddha karavA pUrato ja vyAsajIne upakAra nathI, ghaNuM vyAsajInI pitAnI pratibhA che, tathA jUnI vArtAonI atre karelI racanAmAM paNa ghaNuM buddhimattA pratIta thAya che-tathApi eTaluM te kharU ja ke mahAbhAratamAM evI ghaNI vArtAo Ave che ke je spaSTa rIte vyAsanA pahelAnI hAI vyAse A granthamAM saMgrahelI che. Ama yadyapi pUrvokta traNe upamAomA kAMIka kAIka te satya che ja, tathApi emAM eka agatyanI bAbata sUcavavI rahI jAya che. zuM mahAbhArata te paNa jaMgala khANu ke saMgrahasthAna je mAtra asaMkhya upadezono samudAya ja che? te te prasaMgomAthI te te upadeze tAravyA pachI, koI evo upadeza rahetA nathI ke jemAM samasta grantha-sUtramAM maNigaNanI

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pa0 zrI mahAbhAratanuM upadezarahasya mAdhupurAvAI rahelA hAya? A prazna upara manana karatAM, eka pama gaMbhIra upadeza pratIta thAya che; e upadeza te mahAbhAratanuM rahasyabhUta sUtra che--e sUtra be tattuonuM vaNAeluM che, ane e che tanduone svarUpanirdeza karavAnA AjanA yatna che. ? mahAbhAratanI vArtAmAMthI nIkaLatA eka sAmAnya upadeza zA ?ema prazna thatAnI sAthe ja eka uttara tA mahAbhAratakAranA peAtAnA ja zabdomAM ApaNI samakSa upasthita thAya che; ane te e keH-- tato dharmaH thato dharmastato natha: ' thatA 46 jyAM kRSNa tyAM dharma, jyAM dharma tyAM jaya ! saMsAramAM paramAtmAnA avatAra che ema samajI, paramAtmAne oLakhI enI sahAyatA pAmavI, ane enA sArathipaNAthI cAlatA A jIvanarUpI rathamAM ADha thaI AsurI saMpat sAme laDhavuM, e dharma--ane jyAM A prakAranA dharma tyAM ja jaya. paramAtmA A saMsAramAM dekhAya che teTalA ja nathIH saMsAramAM te enuM mAtra eka pagaluM ja paDeluM che. balke A saMsAra e ja enuM eka pagaluM, yAne caraNuAravinda che--ane akhila ananta puruSa te e karatAM ghaNuMA adhika che, Ama chatAM jee ene saMsAranI pelI pAra rahelA samaje che, ane e rIte saMsArathI AvRta thatA mAne che, ane ema zaMkA uThAve che huM 8 paramAtmAne vaLI avatAra kreve? '--tee parmAtmAnI anantatA vIsarI jAya che, ane samajatA nathI ke paramAtmAnA avatAra tA A vizvamAM nitya nirantara banyA ja rahe che. paramAtmAnA avatAra' eTale paramAtmA peAte AkAzamAMthI nIce pRthvI upara UtarI Ave che ke peAte AkAzamAM kheDA rahI ahI eka bIjI svarUpa dhAraNa karI mANasa te che ema samajavAnuM nathI; paNa paramAtmAnA 'avatAra' te paramAtmAnuM peAtAnu ja jagatanA anugrahArce thatuM prAkaTya che. ane tethI paramAtmAne jagatanI pAra zeAdhavA javuM paDe ema nathI; tathA e ApaNI mahAra--mhArI hAme tame UbhA che. ema--eka bIjo puruSa che ema paNa nathIH jagatamAM e prakaTa thAya che ane ApaNA sarvanI antamAM nikaTa rahelA che, ane tethI ja~~ mIrAM bhakti karata hai prakaTakI, nAtha tuma jAnata hrI sakha TakI. 86 dr e prAkaTya 'asat'bhAthI 'sat'mAM javA, 'tamas'mAMthI 'jyUDita'mAM javA, jIvAtmAne tema ja jagane Avazyaka che. yadyapi e prAkaTya nitya niraMtara thayAM ja kare che, tathApi jaeNma andhakAramAM dIpa

Page #568
enuM oLakha gocara thAya mAM para amano zrI mahAbhAratanuM upadezarahasya : 511 savizeSa bhAse che tema dharmaglAninA samayamAM e khAsa daSTigocara thAya che. eve samaye, amuka puNyazALI AtmAone enuM oLakhANa paDe che, ane e oLakhANa paDatAMnI sAthe, adharmano saMhAra karavAmAM teo sAdhana bane che. prakRtinA je khaMDamAM paramAtmAnuM prAkaTya teo nihALe che ane jyAMthI teo dhArmika utsAha pAme che, jenAM netrathI teo jagata juve che ane jenI AsapAsa teo ekatA prApta kare che,-e subhaga prakRtikhaMDa te bhagavAnanA avatAranuM zarIra che. jema keI paNa AtmavAdI dehane AtmA mAnatA nathI tema koI paNa khare kRSNabhakta kRSNanA zarIrane ja kRSNa mAnatA nathI. e zarIramAM je paramAtmAnuM prAkaTya hatuM tenA ame bhakto chIe; aprakaTanA nathI, kAraNa ke aprakaTanI bhakti ja saMbhavatI nathI; tema zarIranA paNa nathI, kemake e zarIra prabhAsakAMThe kyAranuMe vilaya pAmI gayuM che e ame sArI rIte jANIe chIe. tathApi jema priyA upara prema enA nitya AtmAne avalaMbe che, enA nazvara zarIrano lepa thayA pachI paNa e ja jAjavalyamAna rahe che, ane chatAM enI kalpanA te zarIraviziSTarUpe ja thAya che-tema kRNuparamAtmAnA bhakto paNa enA paramAtmatattvanA bhakta hovA chatAM, enI manujaAkRti vilaya pAmyA pachI paNa, e ja alaukika chabinuM dhyAna dhare che. AvuM avatArabhaktinuM rahasya che. mATe mahAbhAratakAre mAtra paramAtmAne nirdeza na karatAM, "cataH suH" ema zrI kRSNane nirdeza karyo che te yogya ja che. vaLI jyAM kRSNa che tyAM ja dharma-athata AcAravicAranI saghaLI sadbhAvanA jema eka pAsa chava thakI ke jagata thakI nimita nathI, tema bIjI pAsa jIva ane jagata baMnenI bahAra vasatA paramAtmAnI paNa karelI : nathI. A sarva vAta vartamAna samayamAM ApaNuM dezanA loke khUba mananapUrvaka dhyAnamAM levAnI che. jIvane dharmanuM nidAna mAnavuM-arthAta pitapitAne phAve te nIti e samajaNa, janasamAjane chinnabhinna karI nAMkhe che; ATalI cetavaNu keTalIvAra "antardIpa'ne nAme mithyAbhimAna ane durAgrahane pUjanArA keTalAka sudhArAvALAoe lakSyamAM rAkhavA jevI che. jagata upara nItine sthApavI-arthAta dunIAdArInA DahApaNane ane lokalAjane vaLagIne cAlavuM e niyama-janasamAjane jaDa ane nirjIva patthara jevo karI mUke che; A bAbata "svadezAbhimAnane nAme vartamAna dene bacAva karanAra prAcIne e lakSamAM levAnI che. jagata ane jIva ubhayathI bhinna evA

Page #569
512 * zrI mahAbhAratanuM upadezarahasya Izvare je AjJA karI mUkI e nIti, e samajaNa paNa khoTI che; kAraNa ke je AjJAnI yathArthatA jagatanA vyApAramAM atyAre pratIta na thAya, ane jenI yathArthatAmAM ApaNuM mana sAkSI na pUre e mAnavAthI Izvarane ApaNe dUra rAkhIe chIe. ATalA mATe paramAtmAnI AjJAne vartamAna hindustAnamAM jAtathI anubhavavI-dezakAlAnusAra prAcIna vAne vartamAna yugane anukUla karavAM, tathA e vAtanuM rahasya samajavuM, e ApaNuM kAma che. pAMDavo svacchandAcArI thayA na hatA; lokamatarUpI AMdhaLAnI lAkaDIne paNa Azraya lIdhe na hatuM ke kartavyanA nirNaya arthe kAlAtIta pustakanuM paNa zaraNu letA na hatA teo kRSNa paramAtmAne adhIna thayA hatA, enAM netre jatA hatA, ane eNe upadezelA samayadharmanuM paripAlana karatA hatA. jyAM A jIvaMta dharma che tyAM ja jaya che-ane jaya che e paNa nakkI ja che, ATaluM satya je ApaNe hRdayamAM sArI rIte sthApI rAkhIe te ApaNI svadezahitArthe thatI pravRttimAM ghaNA vivAdo, ghaNI nirAzAo, ghaNuM mithyA prayatna thatA aTake-ane aDaga dhairya tathA utsAha prApta thavAnI sAthe unnatine khare-sunizcita ane sIdhe-mArga hAtha lAge. 2 pUrvokta upadeza sAthe varNavAelo bIje upadeza te dhRtarASTranA pAtradvArA mahAbhAratakAre sUcavela bedha che. dhRtarASTra anatamAMthI duSTa nathI- pAMDavo upara ene ghaNo sneha che, teo prati vaDIla tarIke potAnuM kazuM kartavya karavAnI enAmAM himata ane daDhatA nathI. duryodhane jyAre yudhiSThirane phasAvavA mATe ghata ramavAnI cejanA karI tyAre dhRtarASTra ane ghaNI sArI zIkhAmaNa dIdhI, paNa je daDhatAthI ene e duSTa kRtya karato aTakAvavo joIe te na dAkhavatAM, eNe AtmavaMcana (mana salAmaNI)nA vacalA bhArga kADhavA mAMDyA. paNa kartavyane mArga te DuMgaranI karADe AvelI sAMkaDI pagathI jevo che. enA uparathI khasyA pachI aDadhe DuMgare paDIne aTakAtuM nathI; tyAMthI khazelAne adhaHpAta te chevaTe UMDI khINamAM ja thAya che. dhRtarASTra duryodhanane chUta ramavAnI nA pADI zake nahi tyAre teNe potAnA AtmAne chetarIne ema TharAvyuM ke bhImanI dekharekha nIce ghata ramAze te harakata nathI! A vacalo mArga kevo mithyA nIvaDyo e ApaNe sArI rIte jANIe chIe. - kAyAkAryanA vivekavALI ane dharma (nIti) upara acala niSThAvALI kSatriyamAtA gAndhArI, potAnA chekarAnI durbuddhi keTale dUra pahoMcI che e

Page #570
zrI mahAbhAratanuM upadezarahasya 513 sArI rIte samajIne, mAtAne sneha jevo snehapAza paNa dharma khAtara choDIne je vAre dhRtarASTrane salAha Ape che ke duryodhana jevo putra upadezathI mAne ema nathI ("Idha zArita TurvarNi") mATe kuLanA kalyANa khAtara bhale e na hoya-te vAre dhRtarASTra kahe che - " antaH kAmaM kulasyAstu na zaknomi nivAritum" (=bhale kulane nAza thAo; huM ene aTakAvI zakato nathI.) keTalI nirbaLatA! paNa A nirbaLatA mATe dhRtarASTra kheda karate heta te paNa kAMIka ThIka hatuM. kAraNa ke, tethI hadayamAM baLa lAvI, AvI kArpaNanI sthitimAMthI udaravAne ene keIka divasa paNa mArga sUjhata. paNa tema na karatAM, e pagale pagale nasIba bhaNuM AMgaLI kare che! "diSTameva paraM manye pauruSa cApyanarthakam" (nasIba e ja maheTI vAta che; puruSArtha nakAme che.) -A zabda, ane e ja tAtparyanA thoDAka pheraphAravALA zabda, dhRtarASTra vakhate vakhata uccAre che, ane potAnI nirbaLatAne bacAva kare che. jema jema enA kuLa upara vinAza dhasate Ave che tema tema emAMthI zIkhAmaNa levAne badale e saghaLI bhAvinI ramata samaje che, ane A samajaNane pariNAme e krame krame vadhAre ne vadhAre nirbaLatAmAM DUbato jAya che. jyAre mahAbhAratanuM yuddha pUrNa vegathI cAlI rahyuM che ane hajAre kSatriyane--dhRtarASTranAM pitAnAM santAne suddhAMtane-saMhAra thavA mAMDe che, te vAre dhRtarASTra saMjayane pUche che ke mahArA putre mare che ane pAMDavo maratA nathI e zuM? Akhare ene hamezane nirbaLatA bharyo asata siddhAnta avalaMbI dilAsa pAme che ke- sathavA mAthe hi baMnate varSathaT purA dhAtrA yathA sRSTaM tattathA naitadanyathA" (=athavA saMjaya ' game te rIte paNa e thavAnuM ja haze; vidhAtAe jevuM prathamathI nirmANa karI mUkyuM hoya che tema ja thayA kare che; emAM bIjuM kAMI ja thaI zakatuM nathI.") pAMDavanA jayamAM dharmanuM mAhAbhya samajavAne badale Ama nasIbane deza denAra dhRtarASTranuM vacana sAMbhaLI saMjayathI gAjI uThayA vinA rahevAtuM nathI ke 65

Page #571
514 1. zrI mahAbhAratanuM upadezarahasya zRNu rAjannavahitaH zrutvAcaivAvadhAraya / naiva mantrakRtaM kiMcinnaiva mAyA tathAvidAm // na vai vibhISikAM kAMcidrAjan kurvanti paannddvaaH| yudhyanti te yathAnyAyaM zaktimantazca saMyuge AtmadoSAt tvayA rAjana prApta vyasanamIzam // Atmanaiva kRtaM karma aatmnaivopbhujyte| iha ca pretya vA rAjaMstvayA prAptaM yathAtatham // " "he rAjana ! lakSa daI sAMbhaLa; ane sAMbhaLIneM manamAM ATalI vAta UtAra-ke pAMDavo kaI paNa prakAranA maMtranA baLathI, ke chaLathI, ke DarAmaNuM batAvIne laDhatA nathIH nyAyapura sara laDhe che, ane yuddhamAM zaktivALA che." he rAjA! tuM tArA pitAnA ja doSathI A duHkha pAmyo che. pite kareluM pite ja jIvIne ane marIne athata A lokamAM ane paralakamAM bhegavavuM paDe che. tame je prApta thayuM che te barAbara ja che." saMjayanuM A vAkya e mahAbhAratane bIje mukhya siddhAnta che. e siddhAntamAMthI vartamAnakALe ApaNuM prajAe bahu bedha levAnuM che. ApaNuM vartamAna durdazA mATe, vizuddha puruSArthane avagaNa, bhAgyane deSa kADhavo e anya dhRtarASTranI rIti che; pratipakSImAM chaLa Adi deSanI miththA saMbhAvanA na karatAM, tathA bhAgyane deSa na kADhatAM, manuSya potAnI javAbadArI - svIkArI ane (4to dharmahatata cara) e samajaNathI prajAnA astedaya jevA e divya netra pAmelA saMjayanI dRSTi che. [[vasanta, pauSa saMvata 1963]

Page #572
k hindu dharmanuM hArda 5 hindu dharmanuM hA 55 keTalAka mitrA mane pUche cheH ' tamane saranArAyaNa caMdAvarakaranA The Heart of Hinduism' uparanA lekhA kevA lAgyA ? " . ' Fry's Cocoa ' ( kAkA ) nI peThe Ane mATe ema teA na kahI zakAya ke " There is nothing to throw away '=" AmA kAMI ja pheMkI devA jevuM nathI.' kI manuSyakRtine mATe ema kahI zakAya che ?-~~~ paNa mArA evA teA mata kharA ke sara nArAyaNu caMdAvarakare hindu dharmanA hRdaya upara sTetheskepa' ThIka mUkyuM che. jee A lekhAmA hindu dharmanA magajanA jhamakArA jovA mAgatA haze temane te asantASa thaze, paNa dAktara tamane hradayanA dhammakArA saMbhaLAve te vakhate 'nA mAre te| magaja jovuM che ema Agraha karavAnA tamArA ze| adhikAra che ? tamArA adhikAra mAtra eTalu ja jovAneA ke dAkatara jene hRdaya kahe che te kharekhara hRdaya ja che ke zarIranA krAI" anya--'splIna' (plIha--kharALa) jevA nakAmA bhAga che ? mane teA lAge che ke e hRdaya ja che, ane enA theADAka dhabakArA sara nArAyaNe kharAkhara sAMbhaLyA che, ane ApaNane kharAbara sAMbhaLAvyA che. khIjAM ApaNAmAM hajI judA judA prasaMgane vAste judI judI bhASAzailI ane judI judI nirUpaNapati joIe e vAta sujJAta nathI. evI vividha zailI ane vividha nirUpaNapaddhati hajI ApaNI bhASAmAM khIlI ja nathI ema kahIe teA cAle. ane tethI keTalIka vAra eka mahAna pustakanu gaurava eka nyUjhapepara ArTikalamA paNa Ave ema ApaNe AzA rAkhIe chIe. paraMtu e bhUla che, ane tethI A gauravane abhAve kAi ne sara nArAyaNanA lekheA nApasaMda paDatA hoya teA bhale--mane te A aMzamAM paNa e lekhA gamyA che. keTalIka vakhata, eka bALakane kAne sTetheskepa dharyuM hoya ane emAM hRdayanA dhabakArA sAMbhaLI e jema Azcarya cakita thAya, tema sara nArAyaNarAvanA mukha upara navIna zeAdhane vismaya chAI rahelA dekhAya che. paNa huM dhArUM chu ke sara nArAyaNarAva A viSayamA bALaka nahi heAya; varDajhavarthanAM netra AgaLa sRSTi hamezAM nUtanatA dhArI - rahetI, tema emanAM netra AgaLa kadAca AvA viSayeA haMmezAM maneAhara nUtanatAthI ja bharelA rahetA haze--

Page #573
516 hindu dharmanuM hArda A varDavarkanuM nAma detAM ja, sara nArAyaNa varDajhavarthanI kavitAnA sArA abhyAsI ane premI che e vAta sAMbharI Ave che. ane tenI sAthe ja, sara nArAyaNanA "The Heart of Hinduism" mAM svIkArAelA daSTibindunA prakArane khulAso thaI jAya che. varDajhavarthanA vAcakane sArI peThe jANItuM che ke e mahAna aMgreja kavi sAmAnya manuSyajIvanamAM- bALakomAM ane kheDUtemAM--daivI prabhA jete, ane hoTI vayanA ane saMskAra pAmelA jAe paNa emane guru karI bedha levA jevo che ema pratipAdana kare. A daSTibindu game teTaluM apUrNa haze, paNa e vaDe manuSyahRdayanI eka adbhuta bAju-enI manohara sAdAI-daSTigocara karI zakAya che emAM saMzaya nathI. vaLI te sAdAI te vastunuM paheluM paDa nathI paNa UMDuM paDa che, upalI chAla nathI paNa aMdara garbha che. ane ene mahimA jema aMgreja kavi varDajhavarthe je che, tema ApaNe tyAM bhAgavatakAre paNa je che ane te paNa sara nArAyaNanI peThe ja, dharmanA viSayamAM. bhAgavatakAre kRSNanI pUrNa mUti kayAM ramatI joI? bharavADaNanA rAsamAM; RSionA yajJamAM nahi. tema sara nArAyaNa paNa hindu dharmanuM hArda" "malhArI dha mahAra' ("mahArI-heDa") ane hari dha hAusaholDara (haribA-gRha- - stha mAM zodhe che ane juve che-emAM e ApaNA prAcIna bhAgavata dharmane ja anusare che, sara nArAyaNarAve A lekhamAM hindu dharmane lagatI keTalIka bAbato bahu sArI rIte tAravI batAvI che. (1) emanuM eka ema kahevuM che ane te yathArtha che ke-hindu dharmazAstromAM vairAgya ane saMnyAsano upadeza karanArAM seMkaDo vacana che, paNa e sarvanI pAra gRhasthAzramano mahimA paNa cheDe gAyo nathI-ane te mAtra zAstranAM vacanAmAM ja samAI rahelo nathI, paNa vAstavika hindu jIvanamAM najare paDe che. A vAta emanI rasika kalamathI, hindu gRhasthAzramIonAM sAdAM varDajhavarthIana udAharaNe laIne varNavI che, ane e varNana evAM tAdaza karyo che ke hindu janasamAjanAM mahAra ane kheDUta varganAM- ajJAna paNa jJAnIo karatAM prabhunI adhika samIpa evAM strIpuruSanAM jeDAM ApaNI najara AgaLa tare che. hindu janasamAjamAM strI puruSathI kacarAI gaelI kahevAya che, ane emAM keTaleka aMze satya paNa che, paNa te ja sAthe gRhavyavahAramAM strInuM purA upara kevuM rAjya che-eka sADI kharIdI

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, hindu dharmanuM hArda pa7 Avele pati kadAca gharavALAne e dhyAnamAM nahi Ave e bhayathI ke tharathare che! ItyAdi ramujI paNa bedhaka rIte bahu sAruM batAvyuM che. paNa hindu strInuM jora Ama sADIo ane ghareNAM paheravAnA adhikAramAM ja raheluM nathI; bhAvanAnA pradezamAM paNa ene adhikAra pahoMce che, ane tyAM enI padavI bahu UMcI che. "strI vinA ghara nahi"; "strI vinA svarga nahi." A vacana mAtra zAstronAM nathI, paNa abhaNa mahAranAM che:-e hindu dharmanI UMDI asara batAvI Ape che. A udgAra kevaLa sAdA manuSya bhAvanA hAI, hindu dharma sAthe ene kAMI levA devA nathI ema dhAravuM nahi. yAjJavalkayAdika aneka RtikAranA A udgAra che ane te hindu janasamAjamAM bahAra paryanta UtaryA che. (2) bIjI eka vAta sara nArAyaNarAve e sArI batAvI che ke- hindu janasamAjamAM atyAre asaMkhya bhIkhArIo jovAmAM Ave che tethI hindu dharmanA hadayamAM AtmabhAnano vAsa nathI ema na samajavuM. pite eka gAmaDA pAse pharavA nIkaLyA hatA tyAM ApaNe rastAmAM DAMka strI-puruSa- ane chekarAM gADAmAM besI jatAM joyAM. mAruM mAthe AvyuM hatuM ane khetIno vakhata thayo hato, tethI zaheramAM ATha mahinA majUrI karI, have pitAne gAma pitAnuM khetara vAvavA teo jatAM hatAM. sI gADImAMthI Utaryo ane gAmane gAMdare jhADa nIce vAso karyo. gADAmAMthI sAmAna UtArAto hato, ane rAdhavAnI taiyArI thavAnI hatI, eTalAmAM eka chokara-bhUkhyuM thavAthI- rAvA lAgyuM, ene retuM jeI sara nArAyaNarAvane dayA AvI ane emaNe gAmane nAke eka jaNa kerI vecatuM hatuM tyAthI kerI lAvI ApavA enI mAne kahyuM, ane be cAra paisA AgaLa dharyA. bhA chokarAnA kaLakaLATathI gabharAI chekarAne dhamakAvatI hatI te ekadama sara nArAyaNarAvane saMbodhIne bolIH "tuM tArA gharane bAjIrAva ! ame bhIkhArI nathI ke tArA paisA laIe." eTalAmAM enA dhaNIe AgaLa AvI vadhAre zAnta vANImAM kahyuM "mahArAja ! A mArI gharavALI kahe che e kharU che. ame mAMgaNa jAta nathI ke dAna laIe. ame te majUrI karI cAra paisA kamAIe chIe ane gujarAna calAvIe chIe. dAna levuM e nIcuM che." sara nArAyaNa cakita thaI gayA, aMte lAkha ALasu bhIkhArIthI bharapUra A dezamAM hajI gRhasthAzramanuM AtmamAna lupta thayuM nathI ema emane khAtarI thaI (3) eka trIjI mahattvanI vAta sara nArAyaNarAve A batAvI che ke--hindu dharmazAstrakAre manuSyajIvanane bahu gaMbhIra rIte vicAre che, ane

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118 hindu dharmanuM hArda AtmAnA cintanamAM e dehane avagaNe che ema je keTalAkanuM dhAravuM che te khoTuM che. zAstrakAroe dharmaartha-kAma ane mokSa ema cAra bhAgamAM puruSArtha vaheMo che (arthAt artha ane kAmane paNa emAM samAveza karyo che.) ane manuSyanuM AyuSya ochAmAM ochuM zIttera varSanuM te thavuM ja joIe ema dehasaMrakSaNa paratve Agraha darzAvyo che. lokanA Aregya arthe karavAmAM AvatA dAnanI purANadikamAM prazaMsA karelI che. vRddhatA mATe paNa teone evuM te mAna che ke amuka ummara uparanA zakane brAhmaNavata mAna ApavAnI AjJA karI che. ane A sarve bAbata upara hindu zAstrakAree eTaluM badhu lakSa ApyuM che ke eoe jIvananI eka kalA ("Art of life') racI cUkI che ema kahIe te cAle. daMtadhAvanathI bhAMDI divasanA saghaLA vyavahAramAM zArIrika svacchatA jALavavAnA niyamo mUkyA che emAM atizaya paDatuM thaI jatu haze, paNa vartamAna samayanI "kalaba ane jImakhAnAnI lAIphamAM eTaluM smaraNamAM rAkhavA jevuM che ke Health means holiness" tandurastI e ekalI tandurastI ja nathI paNa pavitratA paNa che. mATe prAcIna " sadAcAra" nuM sevana kare-e sadAcAranA bAhya svarUpane vaLagavAnI jarUra nathI, paNa enA Atara svarUpane khUba samaje ane Acare. paNa A sarva vigato karatAM paNa sara nArAyaNarAve prakaTa karelI be bAbate mane khAsa karIne game cheH (1) eka te emaNe pahelA ja ArTikalamAM hindu dharmanAM lakSaNa para bahu uttama vicAra pratipAdana karyo che. je brahmanuM lakSaNa zakya hoya to hindu dharmanuM lakSaNa zakya che. A vicAra A ja AkAre hu ghaNu vakhatathI dharAvuM chuM, ane hindu dharmanuM lakSaNa zuM e prazna keI ThekANe pUchAeto huM vAcuM chuM ke turata mArA manamAM pahelo vicAra A Ave che ke - A prazna karanArane dharma eTale zuM enI khabara haze kharI ? zuM dharma e paramAtmaviSayaka nathI? ane paramAtmA kadI paNa lakSaNathI bAMdhI zakAya che khare? ane nathI bAMdhI zakAte te enA pratyenI vRtti paNuM lakSaNathI kema bAMdhI zakAya? ane je dharmanuM lakSaNa na bAMdhI zakAya, te hindu dharma dAkhalA tarIke, gaye varSe meM vasanta patramAM keTalAka dharma saMbadhI lekho lakhyA hatA. te vakhate emAMnA eka lekhanuM avalokana karatAM gujarAtImAM kAIka gRhastha A prazna pUchelo.

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hindu dharmanuM hArda 'pa19 jo e vAstavika rIte dharma hoya tA--enuM lakSaNa paNa prema bAMdhI zakAya?" mATe--sara nArAyaNarAvanA pUrvaita siddhAnta kharA che, ane hindu dharmanA hAItuM, khaTaka dharmanA hArdanuM, emane sAcuM jJAna che ema lAge che.' (2) eka bIjI dhyAna khecanArI bAbata emaNe e batAvI ke hindu dharmanuM rahasya jANavuM hAya teA hinduonA jIvanamAM jIvA--ane te jIvana paradezI vidyAthI rUpAntara pAmI gaelA ke zaheranA ezaArAmathI vikAra pAmelA hindu jIvanamAM nahi jaNAya--e mATe tamAre abhaNu ane garIba leAkAnAM jhUMpaDAMmAM jaI tyAMnuM jIvana jovuM joize--ane te paNa bahAranAM paDa UtArIne aMdara dRSTi nAMkhavAthI ja jaNAze. jemane A dRSTibindu pUrve sUjhayuM na heAya temane mArI vinaMti che ke te upara sthira citte manana karavuM, ane tema thaze teA mane khAtarI che ke kITsa AgaLa caeNpamananA ' hemara ' jevA--hindu dharmanI eka navI ja peAthI emanI najara AgaLa UdhaDelI dekhAze. ane e joI emane mukhethI,--zAstrabyasanI ane tarkavyasanI pa`DitAne mukhethI--kITsane maLatA udgAra nIkaLyA vinA nahi rahe H-- "Much have I travelled in the realms of gold, And many goodly states and kingdoms seen; Round many western islands have I been Which bards in fealty to Apollo hold. Oft of one wide expanse had I been told That deep-browed Homer ruled as his demesne; Yet did I never breathe its pure serene; Till I heard Chapman speak out loud and bold; Then felt I like some watcher of the skiesWhen a new planet swims into his ken!" [vasanta, zrAvaNa 1968 ]

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50 hindanA tattvajJAnane ItihAsa hindanA tattvajJAnanA itihAsa " A History of Indian Philosophy "--hiMdanA tattvajJAnanA itihAsa mi. krAsagupta nAme eka baiMgALI gRhasthe lakhavA mAMDyo che, ane enA prathama bhAga keTalAka mAsathI prasiddha paNa thaI cUkayA che. pustaka mhAluM che (pR. 494). emAM navIna kalpanA ke navIna dRSTibindu ke navIna jJAna bhAgye ja jovAmAM Ave che, paNa AvA vigatabharyAM itihAsa A pahelavahelA ja prakaTa thayA che, ane tethI A granthakArane emanA graMthana mATe puSkaLa dhanyavAda dhaTe che. paraMtu A vicAramAdhukarImAM e granthanuM avaleAkana karavAnA prasaMga nathI. enuM eka avaleAkana ( khIjAM ghaNAM thaI gayAM che. ) hamaNAM ja-- jAnyuArInA Mind patramAM--preA. maeNkenjhI nAmanA eka prauDha pAzcAtya tattvajJAnanA vidvAne lakhyuM che. emAMnA thADAka vicAra| . atre noMdhI e upara e zabdo kahIne aTakIzuM. hindanA ane yUropanA tattvajJAna vacce bheda e batAvavAmAM Avye che ke yUropane! itihAsa eka saLaMga sAMkaLamAM saMkalita karI zakAya che tema hindanA tattvajJAnanuM nathI. cUpamAM eka tattvajJa enA pahelAMnA tattvananuM tattvajJAna laI enuM khaMDana vA pariSkAra kare che, ane A rIte tyAMnA itihAsamAM anukrame prakaTa thaelA sadhaLA tattvajJAnanA vicArA eka sAMkaLanI kaDI yAne eka sIDInA pagathiyAMnI mAphaka rahelA khatAvI zakAya che. ane te eTale sudhI ke hegale grIka tattvajJAnanA samayathI mAMDI yUropanA tattvajJAnanA itihAsane eka saLaMga vicArarUpe pratipAdana karyo ane mArI macaDIne, kvacit kAlika anukrama ulaTAvI nAMkhIne paNa, e itihAsane enI vicAratripadI ( Dialectic ) nA ceAkaDhAmAM baMdha esatA karyAM che. mi. dAsagupta ane emanA avaleAkanakArane ahIMnA tattvajJAnanA itihAsanI AvI kAI paNa rItanI saMkalanA pratIta thatI nathI. Catego mane lAge che ke ApaNAM darzanane mULa Antara vicAranA saMbandhathI sArI rIte sAMkaLI zakAya ema che----jIvA vasanta mArgazIrSa 1970; 'ApaNeAdharma' 'pagdarzananI saMkalanA. paraMtu ahInA tattvajJAnanA saMpUrNa itihAsa e e rIte sAMkaLI zakAtA nathI ema je dekhAya che tenuM kAraNa e che ke

Page #578
hindanA tattvajJAnane itihAsa pa21 sAMkaLanI kaDIo oLakhavAmAM bhUla thAya che. atre samasta tattvajJAnanI eka sAMkaLa nathI, paNa vividha darzananA judA judA pravAha che-ane jo ke pratyeka darzanane itihAsa hegale mAnelA kalpita ekaThAmAM goThavAte nathI, te paNa pratyeka darzananA ItihAsamAM eka akhaMDa dhArA joI zakAya che. temAM itihAsakAranI e pharaja che ke pratyeka granthakArane enA pUrvaja sAthe saMbadha batAva, ane tattatkAlIna darzanAntaranA pratipAdakathI enA upara thaelI svIkAra yA virodharUpa asara paNa najare paDe che te paNa prakaTa karavI. A kartavya karavAmAM Ave te ja tattvajJAnane ItihAsa varNanAtmaka thaI na rahetAM cintanAtmaka thAya. bhaviSyane koI ItihAsakAra e daSTibinduthI lakhaze te te eka moTI sevA gaNAze. pro. mekenjhI kahe che ke hindanA tattvajJAnanA ItihAsamAM je ke eka saLaMga pravAha (Continuity) najare paDato nathI, paNa emAM eka jAtanI kAMIka ekatA te che jaH ane te ekatA e che ke hindanA tattvajJAnane sadA dharma sAthe saMbandha jovAmAM Ave che. AthI A tasavajJAnamAM DAhyuM TharelapaNuM (sobriety) AveluM che. pre, dAsagupta kahe che tema, hindanAM darzane mAtra vicAranI taraMgI vRtti thakI ja janmelAM nahotAM, paNa jIvanane dhArmika udeza siddha karavA mATe manuSya hRdayamAM je UMDI bhUkha rahelI che te soSavA mATe e utpanna thayAM hatAM. ane tethI karma ane punarjanma Adi naitika jIvanane poSanAra siddhAnta lagabhaga sarva darzane svIkAre che. che, mekenjhI hindanA tattvajJAnanA heTA bhAgamAM eka deSa e batAve che ke emAM nirAkAra ane zabdAtIta'nuM zaraNa levAmAM Ave che! A paNa eka deSa? grIsanA AraMbhakALanA tatvajJAna para che, baneTa kahe che ke emAM AkAranuM (form) grahaNa eTaluM badhuM che ke enI kAgaLa upara AkRti derIne samajhI zakAya. A pramANe ApaNuM tattvajJAnamAM thaI zakatuM nathI e eka moTI khAmI ! keTalAka vartamAna vedAtIone kAgaLa upara AkRti derIne brahma mAyA jIva sattva rajas tam mana buddhi ahaMkAra Adi tattvajJAnanA padArthone samajhaNamAM UtAratA joIne amane hasavuM AvyuM che-tyAM che, baneMTa tatvajJAnamAM AkAranuM pratipAdana bhAge che ! " nAma-rUpa" thI mukta nirvizeSa brahmanuM pratipAdana karatAM zaMkarAcArya eka guru-ziSyane saMvAda TAMkayo che temAM ziSya (bAva)nA praznano uttara guru (bASkali) mauna vaDe Ape che. ziSya maunanuM

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parara hindanA tattvajJAnane ItihAsa tAtparya na samajhIne bIjIvAra trIjIvAra prazna kare che tyAre guru kahe che "tU hu tu viniri 3parAno cAramar"--" huM to uttara ApuM chuM, paNa te samajhate nathIH A AtmA upazAnta che. (ane tethI kevala mauna vaDe ja nirdezya che.)" che. kenjhI "ti joti -thI mUMjhAya che. amane A mUMjhavaNanuM kAraNa samajhAtuM nathI- kaI paNa AkAravAdI e amArA jovAmAM Avyo nathI ke je paramAbhAnI acityatAne svIkAra karato na hoya. grIsanA tattvajJAnamAM je khUbI batAvavAmAM AvI che emAM ja enI khAmInuM bIja raheluM cheH AraMbhakALanA grIka tattvo jagatanuM kAraNa zodhatAM cAra mahAbhUta (pRthvI, jaLa, teja, vAyu) nI pAra jaI zakyA nahotA. emAMnA mAtra eka ja jagatanI ghaTanAmAM buddhinuM darzana thayuM hatuM. e pachInA kALamAM sokreTisanuM tattvajJAna paNa nItiviSayaka ane aihika daSTibinduthI racAeluM hatuM. te pachI pleTone bAda karIne erisToTalanA tattvajJAna upara AvIe te te te aihikatAthI bharapUra ha. IzvaranA svarUpa viSe vicAra te te pachInA yugamAM pUrepa grIka tattvajJAnamAM nahi paNa krizcayana dharmamAM zuM che. paNa e madhyayuga vItI gayA ane DekorTathI zarU thaeluM arvAcIna yUrepanuM tatvajJAna (spijhA vagere keTalAka tatvonA vicArane bAda karatAM) dharmathI vikhUTuM paDeluM che. paraMtu jyAM dhArmika dRSTi haze tyAM paramAtmAne jagatanI antar mAnyA chatAM jagatanI para-ane tethI acityamAnyA zivAya cAlaze ja nahi. ane e ja acinyatAmAMthI nirvizeSavAdanA pati rati ne ubhava che. chevaTanuM che. mekenjhIe kareluM eka daSAre paNa te adbhuta che. e kahe che ke hindanA tattvajJAnamAM pUrvokta kAraNane lIdhe vizadatA (Clearness)-yAne spaSTatA-nizcitatAne abhAva che. ane tethI bauddha tattvajJAna nirIzvaravAdI tarIke prasiddha chatAM, e nirIzvaravAdI nathI kintu Izvara para e mAtra mauna ja dhAraNa kare che, ema mi. homsa nAme eka vidvAna pratipAdana karI zakyA che. paraMtu, vastutaH AvI sthiti jagatanA ghaNuM maheTA tattvajJAnIomAM jovAmAM AvI che-cUrepanA arvAcIna yuganA moTAmAM moTA tattvavettA kAnTanuM ja udAharaNa A viSayamAM basa che. [ vasanta, mAgha saMvata 179 ]

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dhammapada 53 7 dhammapada " mULa, anuvAda, TippaNI, prastAvanA vagere sAthe A grantharatnane gUjarAtI vAcaka AgaLa mUkavA mATe samasta gujarAta * gujarAta purAtattva mandira'tu, ane enA adhyApaka prasiddha pAlividvAna dharmAnanda kAsambI ane a. rAmanArAyaNa pAThakanu AbhArI che. i. sa. 1854 mA eTale ke pANI zatAbdI upara yurApIya paDita phAsoAle laeNTina bhASAmAM AnuM bhASAntara karyuM tyArathI mADI atyAra sudhI gujarAtImA ApaNA dezanA A amUlya granthanuM bhASAntara thayu nahi e ceDI lajjA ane khetu kAraNa naheAtu. paraMtu Akhare pUrvokta saMsthAe A kheATa pUrI pADI te mATe ame e sthAne ane enA vidvAna dezasevAparAyaNa adhyApakone kRtajJatApUrvaka dhanyavAda ApIe chIe. adhyApaka kAsambI pAlibhASAnA bahuzruta ane pratiSThita vidvAna che eTaluM ja A pustakanA saMskaraNanI zuddhi mATe kahevuM khasa che. - ' ' . prastAvanAmAM bauddha sUtreA viSe TUMkI hakIkata ApIne emAM dhammupadanu sthAna kyAM che e jaNAvyuM che. khuH nikAyamAM paDatA A granthanI gAthAonA aMguttara vagere anya nikAyeA sAthe sabandha bhutAnyA che, tathA mudhASAcAya ne AreApAtI dhammapada-arRkathAmAM ApelA dhammapadanI gAthAnA prasaMge| sAthe enA dhruvA vasavAda che e batAvyuM che, ane emAMthI nIkaLatuM svAbhAvika anumAna tAravyu che. AgaLa jatAM, * dhammU8 56 ' zabdanA arthanI carcA karI che.- 56 ' zabdanA padma'~~antagata artha patha, mArga thAya che, ane zabda, vacana, vAkya pazu thAya che. prA. saeNkasamUlare pahele arthe svIkAryoM che. a phaeNAsammI khIjo artha mAnya rAkhe che. khIjA arthanA pakSanAM kAraNeA preA. seMkasamUlare tapAsyAM che, ane emanI carcAne aMte yAgya rIte phalita thatA nirNaya jo ke anekAnta yAne saMdigdha dazA che, tathApi emaNe pUrvokta 'bhArga' arthe ja pasaMda karyAM che. a. kAsammIe 'mArga' arthanA kAraNeAne javAba na ApatAM, khIjA artha--dharma vAkayeAnA saMgrahanI puSTimAM dhammapadanI 100-101 gAthAo DhAMkI che. e khe karatAM paNa vadhAre nirNAyaka 102 ane 44 aMkavALI gAthAomA 'jo dhammapaTuM chuddezita ''sevo dhammapaTuM sutrennita ' ' na dharmapara seo' ema dhammapara zabdanA prayAga ame batAvIe

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para4 dhammapada chIe. paraMtu A viruddha emane pitAne eka kalpanA chure che te e ke dhammapadanA prathama varganI prathama kathAmAM ja "dhumma" ane "pada' zabda Ave che ene anusaratuM ja granthanuM nAma nahi paDyuM hoya? ane ema hoya te tyAM te "pada" zabdane artha mArga ja che. Ama ubhayapakSI vastusthiti vicAratAM-granthakAre ubhayArthaka zabda buddhipura sara prayo hoya te prAcIna nI rIta jotAM Azcarya nahi. "dharma -zabdanA arthane vicAra vadhAre upayogI hatuM, paraMtu A kasambIe e karyo nathI. "dharma -zabdano artha pAlimAM, prasiddha saMskRta artha uparAMta padArtha evo vizeSa thAya che. prathama (yamaka) varganI prathama gAthAmAM magvamA dhamAM ItyAdimAM "dhama" zabdano artha bhASAMtarakAre padArtha karyo che. paNa e ja zabdane bIjo artha je saMskRtamAM jANItA che te paNa pAlimAM, nathI thato ema nathI-dhammapadanuM ja udAharaNa gAthA 20 mAM juo ane 1 lI gAthAmAM paNa e ja artha abhISTa hoya te Azcarya nahi. A rIte mama ane pada baMne zabdane ame be arthamAM levuM yogya dhArIe chIe. aMguttara nikAyanA paMcakanipAtamAM buddha bhagavAne dhIme dhIme pravAsa karavAmAM pAMca guNa batAvelA che temAM " hurta kuirtta" ema eka vacana che emAMthI prastAvanAkAre e artha kADhakyo che ke " AmAM pitAnA zrAvake bIjA paMthenA zramaNa brAhmaNa pAsethI jJAnasaMgraha kare e buddha bhagavAnane hetu spaSTa rIte dekhAya che." amane A artha ghaTe te karatAM vadhAre kheMcI kADhelo jaNAya che. kAraNa ke "je dharmavAkya sAMbhaLyuM na hoya te saMbhaLAya che emAM je dharmavAkyane nirdeza che te paradharmanA vAkyane che ema mAnavAne kAMI khAsa kAraNa nathI. je kAMI kAraNa hoya te te buddha bhagavAnanA pitAnA udAra svabhAvamAM ja raheluM kalpI zakAya, pUrvokta "amRta pada ke jemAM pArakA tema ja pitAnA ane dharmanAM vAkAno samAveza thaI zake temAM raheluM nathI. bhASAntaramAM maLano keI zabda chUTI gayo hoya athavA koI zabdArtha durvAhya hoya te te bIjI AvRttimAM sudhArI vadhArI levA bhASAntarakArane vinaMti che; AvAM kaI kaI sthaLa amArI najare AvyAM cheH 20 mI gAthAmAM ka zabda bhASAntaramAM Utaryo nathI. 209mI gAthAmAM "athe cherI daIne priyanuM grahaNa karanAra AtmAnuyogInI spRhA kare che."-- ahIM zabdArtha brAntijanaka tema ja durNAhya che, kAraNa ke pAline piz=

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dhammapada para5 - dhAtune artha gujarAtI "spRhA kare che." mAM kheTe thAya che, tema ja "AtmAnuyogI" ne artha paNa samajhAtuM nathI. paraMtu A jUja deSa karatAM keTalAka mahatvanA jarUrI umerA tarapha ame kartAnuM vizeSa dhyAna kheMcavA IcchIe chIe. "purAtattva mandira" e atyAre gUjarAtamAM purAtattva saMbadhI zAstrIya rIte vidyA prasAravAnI mahAna zAlA che. ane e zAlAmAM ucca patinI vidvattA dharAvanAra vidvAna joDAyA che to ApaNe emanA taraphathI eTalI AzA rAkhI zakIe ke je vidyA e hAthamAM le ene sArI rIte prajAmAM e pracAra kare. pAlibhASAne A mahAna grantha- pa-e gujarAtI vAcaka AgaLa mUke che, te e granthadvArA pAlibhASAnuM tathA bauddha dharmanA itihAsanuM paNa e vAcakane jJAna Ape ema ApaNe icachIe. evuM jJAna ApavA mATe apaH bahu anukULa paDato grantha che. sva. kAzInAtha vyaMbaka telaMge jema pitAnA bhagavadgItAnA bhASAntaramAM (s. B. E) bauddha dharmanA granthamAMthI samAnArthaka vAkayo TippaNamAM ApyAM che, tema A mahAna pAli granthanA bhASAntarakAre tevA ja UtArA brAhmaNa ane jaina granthAmAMthI ApyA hatA te heTa lAbha thAta. prasaMgopAtta prastAvanAmAM a. kesIe dhammapadane maLatI jaina dharmanAM pustakamAMthI (pAli ane jaina prAkRtanA bhedavALI) be traNa gAthAo TAMkI che te uparathI jaNAya che ke eka granthakAre bIjA granthamAMthI e cerI lIdhI ema mAnavAnuM kAraNa nathI to eka ja prakAranA aneka dhArmika vicAro te samayanA hindusthAnanI sarva dharmazAkhAomAM pravartatA hatA. bIje A paNa eka vicAravA jevo mahAprazna che ke A granthamAM saMgrahelAM vacanAmRta bauddha dharmanA itihAsamAM zuM sthAna bhogave che? bauddha dharmanA siddhAnta sAthe e saghaLAM saMgata che ke kema ? jemake pa6 nAM AtmA saMbaMdhI vacane bauddhadharmanA anAbhavAda sAthe baMdha besatAM thaze? ane te baMdha besatAM hoya te bauddhadharmanA AtmA saMbandhI mULa vicAra upara e ze prakAro pADe che? ane e prakAzamAM ApaNe mULano upadeza vAMcIe te te yogya che ke kema ? bIjI AvRttimAM A be UmerA karavAnuM ame sUcavIe chIe te kRtajJatAnA abhAve nahi, paNa gujarAtI vADmayanI samRddhi jevA utsuka evA gujarAtI vAcakanI dRSTie. [ vasaMta mAgha saMvata 1981 ]

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Cher's bhagavadgItA--vivaraNa . bhagavadgItA-vivaraNu (eka apUrva grantha ) Bhagavadgita--An Exposition" -- bhagavadgItAvivaraNu:' kartA Do. vasaMta. ga zeLe. paraka DAkaTara relve muMbAInA eka sArA jANItA ane vizALa dhaMdhA bhAgavatA dAktara che. vagara phurasade paNa phurasada kADhI emaNe bhagavadgItA upara A vivaraNu aMgrejImAM lakhyuM che. vivaraNu kharekhara apUrva che ane enAthI AkarSAI rA. narmadAza'kara mahetAe enA upeAddhAta lakhI ApyA che, ane rA. ba. cintAmaNa vinAyaka vaidya tA DaoN. relee karelA keTalAka apUrva arthathI cakti thaI tyAM sudhI kahyu che ke--A vivaraNu zaMkara, rAmAnuja, maghna, ane TiLakanA bhASyanI samakakSAmAM virAjaze, AvuM pustaka bhagavadgItAnA abhyAsIe jarUra vAcavuM joie. sthaLasaMkAcanA kAraNathI ame dilagIra chIe ke enuM saMtASakAraka avaleAkana atre karIzuM nahi, mAtra enAM ceDAMka lAkSaNika vivaraNa ja atre noMdhI zakAze. granthakartAe AraMbhamAM mahAbhAratanA yuddhanA prasaMga ApyA che, tathA pratyeka pAMDavanuM lAkSaNika svarUpa batAvyuM che. yudhiSThira dharmAtmA che, ana upara bAhya jagat asara kare che paNa enA saMskAra (vAsanA)ne adhyAtmadIpanA prakAzAnusAra niyamavAnuM enuM sAmarthya che. AthI enA manamAM svAbhAvika vRtti ane dharmabuddhi vacce vigraha upasthita thAya che. bhIma bahAranA saMskArane ja vaza che, ene adhyAtmadIpa yAne antaryAmI mUMjhavaNamAM nAMkhatA ja nathI. nakula ane sahadevamAM svatantra buddhi vikasI ja nathI, anyanI AjJAne vaza rahI vartavuM e ja te jANe che, mhAru gItAnuM vyAkhyAna jemaNe vAcyuM / sAMbhaLyu haze tene smaraNu haze ke mhArA mata pramANe paNa arjuna ane kRSNa e sakhA, te nara ane nArAyaNu, nara eTale pAtAne dArI zake evA sAmAnya manuja AtmA ane nArAyaNa evA manuja AtmA mAtranu gantavyasthAna evA paramAtmA; ane e nara ane nArAyaNa te zrutimAM pratipAdana karelA 'dA supo layunA lalAyA." A arjuna dharmarAja yudhiSThira jevA deva nathI, tema duHzAsananuM rudhira pIvAnI pratijJA karanAra krodhamUrti bhIma jeve--pazu----nathI. e manuSya che. ane manana karI jANe te manuSya. enAM sagAM saMbandhI guru ane

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* bhagavadgItA-vivaraNa 527 vRddha janane joI emane mAratAM e acakAya che; enuM hRdaya dharmasaMkaTanI vRittaothI halovAya che. vastutaH AvI mAnasika sthiti ucca AtmAnI ja thAya che. je rudhire kharaDyA bhoga" bhegavavA rAjI nathI ane te "zaiothAkyA haito: sui mahIsa" traNa lekanuM rAjya maLe te paNa nahi te A pRthvInI vAta ja zI -evA udAra cho ja "tamagaSa mArata" evA bhagavatItAnA upadezanA adhikArI che. A sthitine ame ucca abhilaSaNIya mAnasika dazA mAnIe chIe, 3. raLe mAne che tema eka mAnasika roganI dazA mAnI zakatA nathI. Do, peLe mULa granthanA adhyAyane krame enuM vivaraNa karatA nathI. paNa pitAnA vivaraNane anukULa paDatI rIte gItAnA judA judA adhyAya le che. AmAM kAMI khoTuM nathI. dvitIya adhyAyathI-arthAta sUtrAdhyAyathIAraMbha thaI zakata, paNa emaNe teramA kSetra-kSetrajJavibhAganA adhyAyathI pAye nAMkhyo che. emAM AtmA-anAtmAnuM svarUpa vadhAre vigatathI ane cokhkhI rIte jaNAvyuM che, eTale e pAyA tarIke vadhAre ThIka paDe evo adhyAya che. gItAnA upadezane sAra TUMkAmAM Da, relvee A pramANe batAvyuM che - "This Ego (Kshetrajna) or soul sees watches and feels the various activities of the subjective mind and its attributes (Avyakta) and also of the objective mind (Buddhi) and its attributes---(Ahamkara), which are collectively called the "mind". In the metaphysical teachings of the Gita, this condition of "awareness" of the various activities of the mind in the physical field is shown to have three aspects,objective subjective and super-subjective or absolute. The Ego with its super-subjective or absolute aspect discerns its relationship with the universe; absolute is the object to be known (Jneyam), and this knowledge is immortality, for the Absolute is the supreme Brahma having no beginning, who is neither being nor nonbeing (XIII, 3). In its subjective aspect the

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pa28 bhagavadgItA-vivaraNa Ego knows what is taking place within himself, that is, in the vast field of individuality. This knowledge is called wisdom (Adhyatma-Jnyana). In its objective aspect the Ego knows what is taking place in its immediate external world and gets the Adhibhautic knowledge. It is this aspect of the Ego that knows facts, and reasons in the immediate present, and governs all the voluntary actions of the body. The Ego in its absolute aspect works in the field of the super-conscious; in its subjective aspect, in that of the sub-conscious; while in its objective aspect it occupies the field of the conscious (Ahamkara) and becomes the living soul in the world of life. To awaken this divine consciousness and bring it into the fore-front of the mind, to remind us of its qualities and to free us from the web of impressions gathered in past and present lives, is the aim of the teachings of the Gita." ' gItAnA upadezane sAra De. ree TUMkAmAM A rIte batAvyo che - AtmAnAM traNa svarUpa che. jemAMnA eka (buddhi ahaMkArAdika) ne bIjA (pramAtA-puruSa-avyakta) mAM UtArI, bIjAne trIjA (paramAtmA) sAthe yoga kare arthAta AtmAnuM paramAtmasvarUpa, puruSanuM puruSottama svarUpa anubhavavuM. e sAdhyanAM vividha sAdhana gItAmAM batAvyAM che ane te upara jaNAvelA siddhAntane anurUpa rIte DaoN. rejoe samajhAvyAM che. che. reLe paMdaramA adhyAyanA lazkaraNa rUpakane na ja artha kare cheH " The trunk of the tree is the spinal cord, which descends through the spinal column; its branches in the form of big nerves (Sakhas) are spread upwards and downwards in the body. These branches are

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k bhagavadgItA--vivaraNa parala nourished by nerve fibres (Guna) which have organic functions; and these are again nourished by finer never-buds or terminals (Pravalah) that receive impressions from surrounding objects, and are intertwined below (Adhah) that is on the skin of the human organism, which organism is the result of past lives (XV. 1; 2). x * X cr "" e "azvattha" te saMsAravRkSa eve sAMpradAyika artha nathI letA, paNa azvattha te manuSyanI nervous system che ema kahe che, ane zAkhA paNuM sAma oSadhi Adi sadhaLI vigata emanA dAktarI jJAnathI baMdhamesatI kare che. TIkAnA saMpradAyane tyajavA evI emanI pratijJA che, emAM amArA vAMdheA nathI, paNa te sAthe gItAnA saMpradAyane paNa avagaNavA e amane vAjakhI lAgatuM nathI. zaMkarAcArye purANamAMthI ' saMsAra 'arthanuM vacana TAMkyuM che. ane rA. narmadAzaMkare mahAbhAratanA Azvamaidhika parvanA eka adhyAyanA ullekha karyo che. e baMnenuM gItAsAthenuM, paurvIpa anizrita lekhAya, paNa upaniSadanA eka vAkyanA bhaNakAra tA gItAnA A rUpakamAM spaSTa saMbhaLAya che. "rdhvamUha ajANa eSo'zvatthaH sanAtanaH / tadeSa zuklaM tadbrahma tadevAmRtamucyate / sazmina, honnAH thitA sarve salunAEti ghana // A varNana ame " nervous system " sAthe baMdha mesADI zakatA nathI. indrAMti eTale icchAo, vyayam avayava ityAdi spaSTa bhUle che. A ja pramANe 'uttarAyaNa' 'dakSiNAyana'- zubhaLatI '--paNa emanA dAktarI jJAnathI e apUrva rIte samajhAve cheH-- A Hatha Yogi, desirous of reaching the Supreme Brahma is able after six months' practice to direct the white flame of Kundalini, along the conscious Uttarayana path and reach the eternal, never to return to the created world, while a Hatha Yogi who has no definite aim allows the black smoke of the smouldering Kundalini to go along the Dakshinayana path and in six months reaches the region of the 67 '

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530 bhagavadgItA-vivaraNa moon, that is the moon-shaped cavity in the brain, where Udana Prana which controls the incoming and outgoing impulses is located. Having reached that he returns to his former self. - zukala yAne uttarAyaNa te Nervious system cerebrospinal bhAga ane kRSNa yAne dakSiNAyana te autonomic nervous systemH temane pahelo bhAga prayatnajanya hoI niyamAya che, bIjo svAbhAvika heI niyamananI bahAra che. A artha paNa bahadAraNyaka vagerethI gItAmAM UtarI AvelA prAcIna saMpradAyane anusarato nathI. vaLI "marSiyaH pUrve caravAje manavarAtha- ene artha paNa bahu cAturI bharyo che. 3. rejoe karela emanA vivaraNa pramANe Ane artha sAta RSi, cAra pUrvanA, ane cauda manu maLI pacIsa e sAMkhyanAM pacIsa tatta. "cAra pUrvanAM" te janmatAM pahelAM paNa rahelAM evAM nitya ta che; temAMnAM be "kSetrajJa" ane "parA prakRti, te AdhyAtmika, ane bIjA be vAyu ane AkAza te Adhibhautika, emane gati ApanAra brahmAMDazakti brA. brahmanI preraNAthI jIvamAM prANa prakaTa thAya che. e prANa ahaMkAra buddhi ane mana e traNane utpanna kare che. sAta RSi" te be AMkha, be kAna, be nasakorAM ane sAtamuM he- ene paNa prANa vartAve che. pUrvokta "cArapUrva" paikI vAyu ane AkAza te pRthvI jaLa ane teja utpanna kare che. ahaMkAra buddhi ane mana, pRthvI, jaLa ane teja--e chane preraka jIva che. "cauda manu" te jIvanuM karma, prANa, ahaMkAra, buddhi ane mana, pRthvI, jaLa ane teja, pAMca karmendriya ane tvagindriya. vAcake joyuM haze ke De. relvenA arthanuM lAkSaNika svarUpa e che ke gItAnAM ghaNAM pratipAdana emaNe brahmAMDane badale piMDane lAgu pADyAM che. emaNe emanA dAktarI jJAnane upayoga karyo che, ane A aMzamAM gItAnA atyAra sudhI thaelAM vivaraNamAM enI apUrvatA che. graMthakartAe vastumAM UMDA UtarIne samajhavAne yatna karyo che, ane gItAnA dareka abhyAsIne e vAMcavA amArI bhalAmaNa che. emanA dAktarI arthamAM jeo nahi saMmata thAya temane paNa emanA tattvajJAnamAM ghaNuM vicAravAnuM maLaze. visana, peNa, saMvata 1984]

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anAsaktiga , pa3 anAsaktiyoga zrImadabhagavadgItAne anuvAda-kartA mehanalAla karamacaMda gAMdhIH navajIvana prakAzana maMdira, amadAvAda. ki. be AnA. yathAzakti niSpakSapAta rIte vicAratA amane lAge che ke jagatanAM sarva dharmapustakAmAM zrImadbhagavaddagItAnuM sthAna paheluM che, eTaluM ja nahi paNa enA ane enI pachInA pustaka vacce paNa aMtara ghaNuM che. emAM pratipAdana karelo pratyeka siddhAnta letAM, e siddhAnta pUratAM hindudharmamAM tema ja anya dharmamAM e karatAM caDhIAnAM pustake maLI Avaze, paNa dharmanuM samagra tatva jagatanA koI paNa dharmapustakamAM AvI rIte pratipAdana thaeluM nathI. emAM dharmanAM aneka tattva chUTaka chUTaka upadezIne eno saravALe karela nathI; paNa e tattva enA samagra nAma akhaDa rUpamAM mUkeluM che. koI paNa satya akhaMDa rUpamAM mUkavuM e manuSyavANu mATe kaThina-lagabhaga azakya-che, ane tethI A gItA te bhagavadvANu manAya emAM Azcarya nathI. A samagratAnA kAraNathI, adhagaja (AdhaLAne hAthI) nyAye pAchaLanA sarva bhASyakAree samagra satyanA mAtra TukaDA ja joyA che, ane ene gItAnA tAtparya tarIke mAnyA che paraMtu vastutaH zrImadbhagavaddagItAnuM tAtparya enA samagra rUpamAM manavANIne agocara che ema amAruM mAnavuM che. enuM samagra svarUpa-paramAtmAnI peThe kevala anubhavagocara che, tarka ke vANuM ene nirUpI zakatI nathI. zaMkarAcArya pahelAM gItAnA TIkAkAra aneka thaI gayA che, ane pachI paNa rAmAnujAcArya Adi AcAryoe vivaraNa lakhyAM che tathA gItAnA tAtparyane nirNaya karavA yatna karyo che -ane vartamAna samayamAM lokamAnya bALa gaMgAdhara TiLakanuM "gItA rahasya" paNa e ja mALAne maNuke che. vidvattAvALI ane kaI kaI daSTibinduthI khAsa upayogI evI TIkAo bIjI che, paraMtu "Akara grantha" gaNI zakAya evA grantha be ja che. zrI zaMkarAcAryanuM "gItAbhASya " ane TiLaka mahArAjanuM gItArahasya". sarvanA judA judA tAtparyanirNaya suprasiddha che. zrI zaMkarAcArya gItAbhASyamAM paNa advaitavAdI che, ane jJAna tathA saMnyAsamAM gItAnuM antima tAtparya che ema mAne che. rAmAnujAcArya viziSTAdvaitavAdI

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532 anAsaktiyoga che, ane bhaktine sArtha, ane karma ane jJAnane samuccaya enuM sAdhana ema mAne che. lokamAnya karmacAgane ja gItAnA upadezanuM kendra gaNe che. ane sAmAnya rIte A karmayogapradhAna yugamAM sahu koI gItAnuM tAtparya karma gamAM ja raheluM juve che. A sthitimAM mahAtmA zrI gAMdhIjI taraphathI saMkSipta upodaghAta, pratyeka adhyAyanuM tAtparya, ane sthaLe sthaLe Avazyaka neMdha eTalAM aMgathI samanvita A laghu pustaka bahAra paDyuM che ene gUjarAtI vAcaka prema ane AdarathI vadhAvI leze. gAMdhIjI vinayapUrvaka "mAruM saMskRta jJAna alpa, gujarAtInuM jJAna jarAya sAkSarI nahi" ema A anuvAda mATe potAnI ayogyatA darzAve che. paraMtu jemaNe gujarAtI bhASAmAM eka navIna zailI utpanna karI che emanuM gujarAtI jJAna "sAkSarI" nahi e vAta svIkArIe te "sAkSarI"ne artha kAMIka judo ja karavo paDe. paNa A anuvAda karavA mATe gAMdhIjIno mukhya adhikAra pote kahe che tema "A anuvAdanI pAchaLa ADatrIsa varSanA AcAranA prayatnane dAvo che." A adhikAra ame mAnathI svIkArIe chIe kAraNa ke ame upara kahyuM tema gItAnuM kharuM tAtparya kevaLa anubhavagocara che. gAMdhIjI gItAne prasaMga mahAbhAratanuM bhautika yuddha mAnatA nathI. emane mate emAM "pratyeka manuSyanA hRdayanI aMdara niraMtara cAlatA Thandra yuddhanuM ja varNana che; mAnuSI yoddhAonI racanA hRdayagata yuddhane rasika banAvavAne sArU ghaDelI kalpanA che. tadanusAra gItAnA prathama zlokanA arthane ane pite noMdha kare che ke " A zarIra rUpI kSetra e dharmakSetra che; kemake e mekSanuM dvAra thaI zake che. pApamAM tenI utpatti che ane pApanuM e bhAjana thaI rahe che; tethI te kurukSetra che. kaurava eTale AsurI vRttio. pratyeka zarIramAM sArI ane naThArI vRttio vacce yuddha cAlyA ja kare che ema keNa nathI anubhavatuM?" AnA samarthanamAM gAMdhIjI eka digadarzana e karAve che ke "mahAbhAratakAre bhautika yuddhanI AvazyakatA siddha nathI karI, tenI nirarthakatA siddha karI che. vijetAnI pAse rudana karAvyuM che, pazcAttApa karAvyo che, ne duHkha sivAya bIjuM kaMI rahevA nathI dIdhuM." mahAbhAratanA nirvahaNa (Denouement) sadhinuM A svarUpa gAMdhIjIe yathArtha pakaDI lIdhuM che.

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anAsaktiyoga analA - 533 che, ane e dRSTie jotAM yuddhanI niSphaLatA batAvIne, dharmane jaya karAvIne paNa pariNAma nirveda-vairAgyamAM ApyuM che, ane nirveda e zAnta rasane sthAyibhAva heI mahAbhArata zAntarasanuM kAvya che ema dhvanyAlekakAre karelo siddhAnta yathArtha Thare che. paraMtu mahAbhAratanA antima tAtparyanI daSTie gItAne artha karatAM gItAnuM paryavasAna vairAgyanA upadezamAM ja AvI kare. paraMtu vastutaH gItA vairAgyane nahi paNa karmayogano upadeza kare che e sarvamAnya che eTale gItAnA upadezane mahAbhAratanA pUrvokta tAtparya sAthe ghaTAvavo kaThina che. paraMtu dhAre ke gAMdhIjI kahe che tema gItAnA yuddhane manuSyadayamAM thatuM daivI ane AsurI saMpanuM yuddha mAnIe. paraMtu ema mAnIne ene mahAbhAratanA atima nirveda sAthe joDIe te ene artha ema thAya ke manuSyahadayamAM thatu A sUkSama yuddha paNa niSphaLa che ! gItAnuM A tAtparya laIe te , atyAre gItA karmayoganuM svarUpa batAvIne ApaNuM kartavyabuddhine je jagADI rahI che e mithyA kare. te mATe gItAne artha gItAmAMthI ja kADhavo, athavA to je upaniSadudharma upara enI racanA che ene prakAza kAme le e ThIka che, paNa mahAbhAratanA atima tAtparya sAthe gItAnA upadezane joDavo e ThIka nathI. gItAne sthala yuddha sAthe saMbandha nathI enuM bIjuM pramANu gAMdhIjIe e batAvyuM che ke "bIjo adhyAya bhautika yuddhavyavahAra zIkhavavAne badale sthitaprajJanAM lakSaNa zIkhave che. sthitaprajJane aihika yuddhanI sAthe saMbandha na hoya evuM tenAM lakSaNamAM ja che ema mane te bhAsyuM che. sAmAnya kauTumbika jhagaDAnI yogyatA-agyatAne nirNaya karavAne sAru gItA jevuM pustaka na saMbhave." vastutaH jeo gItAne prasaMga sAmAnya yuddhane mAne che teo sthitaprajJanA prakaraNanuM prayojana e prasaMga ja che ema kahe che. arthAta, eone mate jIvananA sarva vyavahAramAM yuddha suddhAMtamAM-manuSya sthitaprajJatAthI vyavaharI zake che e batAvavAnuM gItAnuM tAtparya che. A dhyAnamAM rAkhavAnuM che ke gItAne prasaMga "sAmAnya kauTumbika jhagaDAnI yogyatA agyatAne" nahato rahyo. zrIkRSNa pAMDavo taraphathI kaura sAthe sandhi karavAno prayatna karyo. pAMca gAma laIne paNa samAdhAna karavA yatna karyo; ane e paNa duryodhananI duSTatAthI niSphaLa gayo, pachI yuddhanAM maMDANa maMDAyAM, ane

Page #591
pa4 anAsaktiyoga - kSAtradharma zarU thaze. sakala bhAratavarSa be pakSamAM vahecAI gayuM. kaurava pakSa ane pAMDava pakSa. lAkho janoe pAMDa upara vizvAsa rAkhIne pAMDane pakSa lIdhe ane duryodhananI zatrutA vahArI. vaLI draupadI Adine karelAM apamAnanA ghA e kSatriyANInA hadayamAMthI rUjhAyA nahatA. AvI sthitimAM yuddha karavuM e kSatriyano dharma Tharyo, ane sthitaprajJa rahIne A dharmane nirvAha thaI zake che e gItAne upadeza che. bezaka, yuddha ane prajJAne samanvaya e karma ane jJAnanA samanvayane kaThinamAM kaThina prayoga che, ane sAmAnya manuSyane e azakya che e paNa khulluM che. ane tethI ja mahAbhAratakAre kSAtradharmanI duSTatA yudhiSThiranA "nare vA kuMjaro vA kavagere aneka prasaMgathI ane spaSTa vacane vaDe darzAvI che. ane A rIte kSAtradharma e jIvanano sarvotkRSTa dharma nathI ema paNa sUcavyuM che. zaMkarAcArya gItAnA karmayogarUpI khullA upadezane parama siddhAnta mAnatA nathI temAM paNa A ja kAraNa che, ane hindu dharmanA itihAsamAM gItAnA karmayogane mAna ApIne paNa saMnyAsanI mahattA bahu bhAge manAtI AvI che te paNa Ane ja lIdhe. arjuna svabhAvathI kSAtradharmano ja adhikArI hata-zaMkarAcArya ane madhya adhikArI kahe che-pachI bhale e "prajJAvAda" bolate heya-e dhyAnamAM rAkhIne ja kRSNa upadeza karyo che, ane arjunane te pachIno vRttAnta jotAM kRSNanI samajhaNa kharI siddha thAya che. ApaNe-bake sAmAnya jagata-hajI arjunanA adhikAra karatAM AgaLa vadhyuM nathI, ane hajI manajasaMskRti eTalI sAttivaka nathI thaI ke jemAM yuddha kAlAtIta vA asthAne thaI paDe. A samajhaNane AdhAre ja kSAtradharmane aMge dhampayuddhanI parigaNanA karavAmAM AvI che. bAkI, kSAtradharmanA je svAbhAvika de che e mahAbhAratakArane ke gItAkArane ajANyA nahatA. mahAbhAratakAre e dharmane aMdarakhAnethI nindo che ema paNa mahAbhAratanA keTalAka prasaMge ane ene chevaTanuM nivehaNa ( denouement) jotAM kahI zakAya, ane gItAkAre ene anivArya gaNuM enA pratikArarUpe sthitaprajJatA, karmaphalatyAga, bhagavadbhakti, bhagavAraNagamana e upAya batAvyA che. gAMdhIjIe zrIkRSNanA svarUpa para je kahyuM che te sarvathA satya che. e lakhe cheH "gItAnA kRNa mUrtimaMta zuddha saMpUrNa jJAna che, paNa kAlpanika che. ahIM kRSNa nAme avatArI purapane nidhi nathI. mAtra saMpUrNa kRSNa maLamAM kAMika judu che. paNa e bheda ahIM muddAne nathI.

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anAsaktiyoga kAlpanika che, saMpUrNavatAranuM pAchaLathI thayeluM ApaNu che" ame paNa A ja rIte etihAsika kRSNa ane AdhyAtmika kRSNa evAM kRSNanAM be svarUpa mAnIe chIe. kRNu tema ja kaurava pAMDa aitihAsika vyakti hatA. e mahAbhAratanuM svarUpa, enuM AkhuM vAtAvaraNa, jemAM spaSTa che, paraMtu te sAthe kalpanAnuM paNa saMmizraNa che enA aneka purAvA che. mahAbhAratanA maMgalAcaraNamAM ja je "nara ane nArAyaNane ullekha che, ane je arjuna ane kRSNanA sakhyarUpe mahAbhAratakAre AgaLa vistAryo che enuM bIja upaniSanA jIvAtmA-paramAtmAnAM saMbandhadarzaka "I supaf yunA sAcA " ityAdi vAkyamAM che. eTaluM ja nahi paNa kRSNa ane emanI gAya vagere varNana, jene pAchaLanI paurANika kalpanA mAnavAne cAla paDI ( gaye che, tenuM mULa paNa cheka vidaUmfpa lAgyaH " " parikSA javAcaH" ityAdi sadasahitAnA mancAmAM che. tethI gAMdhIIne upara kahelo vicAra keI paNa vicArazIla vicAraka pratiSedhI zake ema nathI. kRNu paramAtmAne avatAra che e hindu mAnyatAnuM vivaraNa karatAM gAMdhIjI yathArtha lakhe che keH "avatAra eTale zarIradhArI puruSavizeSa. jIvamAtra Izvarane avatAra che. AmAM mane kaMI deSa nathI lAgata; emAM nathI IzvaranI moTAIne jhAMkhapa, nathI emAM satyane AghAta. "Adamaku khudA mata kahe, Adama khudA nahi, lekina khudA ke narase Adama judA nahi. jenAmAM dharmajAgRti pitAnA yugamAM sahuthI vadhAre che te vizeSAvatAra che. e vicAraNae kRSNarUpI saMpUrNavatAra Aje hiMdudharmamAM sAmrAjya bhogave che." ane Ama tattvajJAnanI daSTie avatAravAdanI yathArthatA batAvIne mAnasazAstra (Psychlogy) nI daSTie ene khulAso karatAM gAMdhIjI umere che ke "A dazya manuSyanI aMtima rUDI abhilASAnuM sUcaka che. manuSyane Izvara thayA vinA sakha vaLatuM nathI, zAnti thatI nathI." che te pachI gItAnA mukhya upadezanuM vivaraNa karatAM gAMdhIjI kahe cheH "IzvararUpa thavAnA prayatnanuM nAma khare ane eka ja puruSArtha. ane A ja Atmadarzane....... AbhArthIne Atmadarzana karavAne, advitIya upAya batAvavAne gItAno Azaya che....e advitIya upAya che karmaphalatyAga. A madhyabindunI AsapAsa gItAnI badhI kulagUMthaNa che. bhakti, jJAna ItyAdi tenI AsapAsa tArAmaMDaLarUpe goThavAI gayAM che. deha che tyAM karma te che ja, temAMthI kaI mukta nathI. chatAM dehane prabhunuM mandira karI te dvArA

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pa36 anAsaktiga mukti maLe che ema sarva dharmoe pratipAdana karyuM che. paNa karmamAtramAM kaIka, doSa to che ja. mukita te nirdoSane ja heya. tyAre karmabaMdhanamAMthI eTale deSasparzamAMthI kema TAya ? Ano javAba gItAjIe nizcayAtmaka zabdamAM ApoH niSkAma karmathI, yajJAthe karma karIne, karmalityAga karIne, badhAM karmo kRSNArpaNa karIne eTale mana, vacana kAyAne IzvaramAM hemI daIne. paNa niSkAmatA, karmaphalatyAga, kahevA mAtrathI nathI thato. e kevaLa buddhine prAga nathI. e hRdayamaMthanathI ja utpanna thAya che. e tyAgazakti utpanna karavAne sArU jJAna joIe. jJAnane atireka zuSka pAMDitya rUpe na thAya, tethI gItAkAre jJAnanI sAthe bhaktine bheLavI ane tene prathama sthAna ApyuM...paNa bhakti e "zISataNuM sAruM che. tethI gItAkAre bhaktanAM lakSaNa sthitaprajJanAM jevAM varNavyAM che." emAMthI ApaNe joIe chIe ke jJAna pAmavuM, bhakta thavuM e ja Atmadarzana. Atmadarzana e tenAthI bhinna vastu nathI. jema eka rUpiyA daIne jhera lAvI zakAya ne amRta paNa lAvI zakAya, tema jJAnane ke bhaktine badale baMdhana paNa lAvI zakAya ane mekSa paNa lAvI zakAya ema nathI. ahIM te sAdhana ane sAdhya sAva eka ja nahi te lagabhaga eka ja vastu che. sAdhananI parAkASTA te ja mekSa. ane gItAne mokSa eTale parama zAnita." "paNa AvA jJAna ane bhaktie karmaphalatyAganI kaseTIe caDavAnuM rahyuM...." " karma cheDe te paDe. karma karo cho tenAM phaLa cheDe te caDe." ame amArA aneka vyAkhyAmAM batAvyuM che ke jJAna karma ane bhakti eTale ke Intellect,Will ane Emotion je traNa maLI AtmA (Spirit) - vRttirUpa svarUpa baMdhAya che, e AtmAnI sahaja vRttio che, paraMtu e sahajavRttione jyAre emanA laukika viSayamAMthI khaseDIne, athavA te gItAnA marmanI vANumAM kahIe to e viSayamAM rAkhIne paNa e viSayanI pAra virAjatA paramAtmAnI sAthe joDIe tyAre e traNa kramavAra "jJAna"," kamaga" ane "bhaktiga' bane che. AmAM gAMdhIjIe eka coga Ume che te anAsaktiyoga'. A "anAsaktiyoga' e vastutaH pUrvokta traNe bheganuM antargata rUpa che-eTale ke traNe vega enA vinA mi thatA nathI. pUrvokta rIte viSayamAMthI vRttione aLagI karavI, athavA te vadhAre cokkasa bhASAmAM bolIe te, emAM rAkhIne paNa ethI alaga rAkhavI enuM nAma "anAsakitagoga.'

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anAsaktiga 537 gItA mULa bhaktigrantha hoI pachI emAM sAMkhya umerAyuM che ema eka mata che; mULa sAMkhyagrantha hoI pachI emAM bhakti umerAI che ema bIjo mata che; mULa vedAntagrantha hoI pachI sAMkhyanI paribhASAmAM Utaryo che ema trIjo mata che; ane mULa sAMkhya te vedAntamAM pariNamyuM che e e mata che. vastutaH ame upara kahyuM tema andha-gaja nyAye A vividha mata skuyI che. kharI vAta e che ke mULa vedAntanuM jJAna bhaktithI juduM na hatuM, ane mULa sAMkhya e vedAnatathI juduM na hatuM. je bhrAti thAya che te pAchaLanA sAMkhya ane vedAntanA virodhane gItAkALamAM kheMcI javAthI thAya che. pAchaLathI sAMkhe prakRti-purUSanuM daita ene parama satya mAnyuM; puruSane prakRtithI alaga karavo ene mekSa kahyo, ene e be tane viveka ene mekSanuM sAdhana batAvyuM. A vedAntanA parama satyanuM abhAvAtmaka (negative) pAsuM che. ane abhAvAtmaka pAsA upara dhyAna detAM keTalIka vAra enuM bhAvAtmaka (positive) pAsuM bhUlAI jAya che e ene deza che. "anAsakti ne gItAnuM marma mAnavAmAM paNa A ja deza che ke-viSayamAMthI mane khaseDavuM paNa te kayAM cUMTADavuM enuM emAM sucana thatuM nathI paraMtu A deSane kAMIka pratikAra "ga" zabda UmeravAthI thaI jAya cheH "anAsaktiyoga" eTale viSayamAM anAsakta rahI paramAtmA sAthe vRttione yoga kare, vRttione joDavI. AmAMthI gAMdhIjIe A "suvarNa niyama tAravyo che ke "je karma Asakti vinA thaI ja na zake evAM hoya te badhAM tyAjya che." ane khulAsAmAM UmeryuM che ke "A abhiprAya pramANe khUna, jUThuM, vyabhicAra ityAdi karmo saheje tyAjya thaI jAya che. manuSyajIvana saraLa thAya che. ne saraLatAthI zAti ubhave che.(A chevaTanA vAkyane vAcaka sahaje gAMdhIjInA jIvananI viziSTatA batAvanAra anubhavavAkya tarIke oLakhI leze.) A vicArazreNImAMthI gAMdhIjI pitAne khAsa siddhAnta- satya ane ahiMsAnuM pAlana-phalita kare che. jo ke pote svIkAre che ke "ahiMsAnuM pratipAdana gItAno viSaya nathI." ahisAne gItAnA ja upadezamAMthI phalita karavA jatAM eka muzkelI e naDe che ke "je gItAne ahisA mAnya hatI athavA anAsaktimAM ahiMsA saheje AvI jAya che te gItAkAre bhautika yuddhane udAharaNa rUpe paNa kema lIdhuM." ene uttara pite A pramANe Ape * bhAvAtmaka (positive) eka ja yogamAM gItAnuM tAtparya samAvavuM hoya te ame ene "praparAga' kahIe.

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pa38 anAsakitaga che "gItAyugamAM ahiMsAdharma mAnatAM chatAM bhautika yuddha sarvamAnya vastu hoI gItAkArane evA dharmanuM udAharaNa letAM saMkoca na thayo, na thAya. " ame upara batAvyuM che tema vyavahAranA je anivArya doSe che enuM viSa kevI rIte kADhI nAMkhavuM-gathI nahi, paNa vAstavika rIte--e gItAnA upadezanuM tAtparya che. yuddhane manuSyasaMskRtimAMthI naSTa karI devAya che tema karavAnI gItAjInI nA nathI. vyaktivizeSane mATe e zakya che ane tethI e UMcI bhAvanA siddha karanArane zAtre uttamAdhikArI mAnyA che. paNa gItAne upadeza "narane athati sAmAnya manuSyane, nahi angel (deva)ne nahi brute (pazu)ne, karelo che eTale emAM yuddhanI AvazyakatA mAnI laIne evA dezane parihAra zI rIte thaI zake e batAvavAne gItAjIe uddeza rAkhyo che. A mATe zaMkarAcArya gItAnA sIdhA arthane hAni pahoMcADyA vagara, arjunane madhyamAdhikArI mAnIne enA tAtparyane khulAse karyo che. te sAthe emAM uttamAdhikArIne mATe paNa vicAra ane AcAranI zreNi khullI rAkhI che; balake AMgaLIthI nirdezI che eTaluM ja nahi paNa vANIthI varNavI che ane upadezI che. gAMdhIjIne gItAjInA kSAtradharma karatAM vadhAre UMcA tAtparyanI je pratIti thaI che te A jAtanA vAkayamAMthI ane zaMkarAcAryane paNa te ja pramANe. - ane, kAMIka gItAjImAM rahIne paNa enA zabdArthanI pAra javAnI sUcanA gAMdhIjIe karI che. emAM amArI saMpUrNa saMmati che. e kahe cheH "kavi mahattavanA siddhAnta jagata AgaLa mUke che; tethI te haMmezAM pite ApelA siddhAntanuM mahatva saMpUrNatAe oLakhe che, athavA eALakhyA pachI badhuM bhASAmAM mUkI zake che, ema nathI hotuM. emAM kAvyane ane kavine mahimA che. kavinA arthane aMta ja nathI. jema manuSyane tema ja mahAvAkyonA arthane vikAsa thayA ja kare che." A amAre pitAne kavinAM kAvya vAMcavAnI paddhati paratve priya siddhAnta che jenuM udAharaNa pazcimanA sAhityamAM jevuM hoya te bAibala upara racAelAM vyAkhyAnamAM ane zekasapiyaranI TIkAomAM puSkaLa maLaze. A ja kAraNathI cUrepanA vidvAnoe svIkArelI vedAdikanA artha karavAnI paddhati amane mULamAM ja boTI lAgelI che. have prakatamAM AvIe. gAMdhIjI gItA para chevaTe upasaMhAra karatAM kahe cheH gItA sutrarAnya nathI. gItA eka mahAna dharma-kAvya che. temAM jema

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"hindusthAnanI saMskRtimAM islAmane phALe" pa39 UMDA utare tema temAMthI navA ane sundara arthe meLavo. gItA janasamAjanA sArU hoI temAM eka ja vastune ghaNI rIte kahI dIdhI che. eTale gItAmAM AvelA mahAzabdano artha yuge yuge badalAze te vistAra pAmaze. gItAne mULa manna kadI nahi badalAya. e bhatrane je rIte zodhI zakAya te rIte jijJAsu game te artha kare." prastAvanAnuM ame vistArathI avalokana karyuM. A laghu pustakamAM gItAnA pratyeka adhyAyanuM adhyAyane AraMbhe svarUpa AlekhyuM che. ane lokanA artha ApI jyAM jyAM gya lAgyuM tyAM TUMkI paNa arthagaMbhIra noMdha karI che. e vAcakane svayaM vAMcI enuM manana karavA vinaMti che. [vasanta, phAlgana, saMvata 1986] "hindusthAnanI saMskRtimAM IslAmane phALe" rA. ra. bhAI nhAnAlAla ca. mahetA, AI. sI. esa. saMyukta prAntamAM kalekaTara che, ane tyAM eka kuzaLa amaladAra tarIke jANItA che. eo amaladArI uparAMta lokahitanA praznomAM, tema ja dezanI saMskRtimAM bahu rasa le che ane e rasanA AviSkAramAM emaNe hindusthAnanI citrakaLA upara eka vistRta ane sundara . Akaragrantha lakhyo che. hAlamAM " Contribution of Islam to Indian Culture" 412 "Rren sthAnanI saMskRtimAM IslAmane phALe" e mathALA nIce emaNe saMyukta prAntanA pratiSThita "lIDara" patramAM eka lekha lakhyo che, ane keTalAka musalmAnabhAionA AgrahathI emaNe chUTo chapAvyuM che. lekha vAMcavA je che. hindu-musalamAnanA khATA thaI gaelA saMbadhamAM mIThAza bharavAne rA. nAnAlAlane uddeza hoya ema lAge che, ane e uddezanI dRSTie rA. hAnAlAle sArI sevA karI che. je prAntamAM musalamAnanI vastI cheDI che, athavA te jyAM vastI sArI hovA chatAM be kemo vacce virodha thayo nathI-jemake ApaNuM bhAgyazALI gUjarAtamAM-teone A jAtanI sevAnuM gaurava pUrNa rUpe samajhAze nahi. paNa saMyukta prAnta paMjAba vagere pradeza ke jyAM meharama, bakarI Ida, rAmalIlA vagere dinemAM dainika vartamAnapatramAM

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pa40 hindusthAnanI saMskRtimAM IslAmane phALe prathama jovAnI hakIkata e ja hoya ke keI ThekANe hindumusalmAnane jhaghaDe te the nathI? tyAM ja A jAtanI sevAnuM gaurava ThIka ThIka samajhI zakAya che. paraMtu A udezanI daSTie jovuM te eka vAta che, aitihAsika yathArthatAnI dRSTie jovuM te bIjI vAta che. A bIjI daSTie jotAM, rA. nhAnAlAlanA kathanamAM amane keTalIka mahattvanI ayathArthatA dekhAya che e TUMkAmAM atre nedhavAnI ame chUTa laIzuM, paraMtu tema karatAM pahelAM, hindu hAI islAmanA guNa pratye ame abdha chIe e bhrAnti nivAravA, rA, nanhAnAlAlane nibandhanA pAyAmAM rahelI eka hakIkata-IslAmanA vijayanuM kAraNa emAM amArI banatI saMmati prakaTa karIzuM. kAraNa ke vastutaH ame eka hindu tarIke nahi, paNa itihAsanA abhyAsI tarIke rA, nhAnAlAlane A nibandha avalokIe chIe, ane tethI islAmamAM tema hindudharmamAM samaya samayanA guNa ane deSa baMne joIe chIe. amane kAlaIle karelI hajharata mahammada payagambaranI kadara mAnya che ane ArabonA mahArAjyanA tvarita vistArano khulAso karatAM, mi. velsa emanI "jagatanA ItihAsanI rUparekhAmAM je lakhyuM che, ane jemAMthI thoDAka zabda rA nhAnAlAle sUtrarUpe TAMkayA che, e paNa mAnya che. mi. velse lakhyuM cheH " It prevailed because everywhere it found politically apathetic peoples, robbed, oppressed, bullied, uneducated, and unorganised and it found selfish and unsound governments out of touch with any people at all. It was the broadest, freshest, and cleanest political idea, that had yet come into actual activity in the world, and it offered better terms than any other to the mass of mankind. The Capitalistic and daupholding system of the Roman Empire and the literature and social tradition of Europe had altogether decaved and broken down before Islam arose; it was only when mankind lost faith in the sincerity of its representatives that Islam too began to decay." kalAmanA udaya pachI lagabhaga cAra saikA hindusthAnamAM musalamAne -vacce eka vakhata gheDaka praveza karyA chatAM-vadhAre vistAramAM jAmI

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hindusthAnanI saMskRtimAM islAmane phALe musalamAno abhAvane kAkAsavAla e sama zakyA nahi, enuM zuM kAraNuM -ItihAsanA vidvAnomAM A hajI eka carcAne viSaya che, ane jema keTalAka mAne che ke musabhAne cUrepa jItavAmAM gUMthAelA hoI hindusthAna sAme potAnuM saghaLuM baLa vALI zakyA na hatA, tema bIjA mAne che ke jema dUNene hinduoe eka vakhata khALyA hatA tema ja musalamAnene paNa teoe cAra saikA sudhI heTe bhAge bahAra ne bahAra rAkhyA. A praznanuM chevaTanuM nirAkaraNa karavA mATe I. sa. sAtamA sikAthI agIyAramA saikA sudhIne rAjapUta rAjyanA itihAsane vadhAre jhINe ane UMDo abhyAsa thavAnI jarUra che. paNa amuka kAraNathI te samaye musabhAne vijayI nIvaDyA, ane amuka kAraNethI hinduo parAbhava pAmyA emAM musabhAnI saMskRtinI apUrNatA ane hinduonI saMskRtinI atipUrNatA ame kAraNabhUta mAnIe chIe. mi. velsa ThIka smaraNa Ape che ke musalamAne pite zraddhAhIna thayA te sAthe jagatanI paNa emanAmAMthI zraddhA gaI ane musabhAnI paDatI thaI. prajAnAM udayAstane A eka sAmAnya niyama che. ane koI prajA e niyamamAMthI mukta nathI. musalamAnoe amuka saikAmAM hindusthAnamAM praveza karyo te pachIne saghaLA itihAsa sthaLe sthaLe musalmAna dharmane ke musalmAna kAmane ja AbhArI che ema mAnavAmAM pUrvIparabhAvane kAryakAraNabhAva tarIke gaNuM nAMkhavAnI bhUla thAya che. udAharaNa tarIke rAnhAnAlAla e samayamAM bhASAyuga pratye e paNa musalamAnanI sarvasamAnatAnI bhAvanAnuM phaLa che ema kahe che. paraMtu bhASAyuga apabhraMza yugane ja prabaLa vikAsa che, ane emAM je prabhAva Avyo che temAM mukhya baLa te samaye hindu dharmanuM abhyatthAna thayuM ane saMta sAdhuone yuga bhaDA e che. bhASAyugane prabhAva saMtanA dhArmika utsAha ane ubharAtA nizcayanuM ja pariNAma hatu A pUrve purANuM samayamAM je utthAnane pariNAme vaidikabhASAne sthAne saMskRtamAM ane brAhmaNane badale abrAhmaNanA mukhamAMthI purANene upadeza cAlyA, tevA ja A bIjA utthAnane pariNAme saMskRtane badale bhASAne prAga thaye, ane brAhmaNane badale abrAhmaNa saMtasAdhuoe hindudharmanA mahAna siddhAntanuM rakSaNa karyuM. kevaLa sAhityanuM ja nahi paNa dharmanuM utthAna paNa IslAmanA saMsargathI thayuM ema rA, hAnAlAla kahe che. bhAratane saMtayuga je uttara dakSiNa pUrva ane pazcima vyApyo emAM islAmanI asara mAnavAnuM kAMI ja kAraNa nathI. mahArASTrane saMtayuga kaIka svatantra rIte AtmabaLathI, ane kAMIka

Page #599
para hindusthAnanI saMskRtimAM islAmane phALo mULa draviDa dezanA e ja prakAranA utthAnanI asarathI ubho hate. rAmAnanda rAmAnujapanthI hatA, ane svatantra rIte ja enA keTalAka AcAra na gamavAthI e dakSiNa choDI uttara tarapha gayA ne tyAM rAmAnujana sAdhanaviSayaka siddhAnatatvajJAna ane bhaktine-upade. e upadezavAmAM emaNe bhASAno prayoga karyo e rUDhi emane draviDa dezanA AcAryo ane te pAsethI maLI hatI, musalamAna pAsethI nahi ja. 2. nAnAlAlanuM eka evuM kahevuM che ke ekezvaravAda vagere aneka siddhAnto hindusthAnamAM IslAma pahelAM paNa jANItA hatA e kharuM ema che te pachI saMtayuga ane bhAvAyugamAM islAmanI asara jovAnuM zuM kAraNa?), paNa islAmamAM vicArane AcAramAM utAravAno je Agraha che e hindudharmamAM nathI, ane AnA udAharaNamAM rA, nanhAnAlAla mUrtipUjA batAve che. ame semiTikadharmI nathI ke ekezvaravAda ane mUrtipUjA vacce virodha joIe. hindudharmamAM vicArane AcAramAM utAravAno Agraha nathI e te hindudharmanA AcArene jaDamULamAMthI ukheDI nAkhavA mathatA khristI pAdarIone jUne AkSepa che. anya prajAomAM khAsa karIne jUnI saMskRti bhagavatI prajAomAM AcAra ane vicAra vacce je antara jovAmAM Ave che te karatAM hinduomAM e khAsa karIne vizeSa hoya ema lAgatuM nathI. chatAM che ema mAnavuM hoya te paNa hindu jevI lAMbI purANI saMskRti bhagavatI praja enI saMsthAone-je ghaNuM vAvAjhoDA khamIne paNa UbhI rahI che-ene ekadama tyajI na de te temAM navAI jevuM nathI. jovAvicAravA jevuM to e che ke A prajAe kevI zAnta rIte potAnA ghaNuM purANa AcAra dezakALa joIne cheDI dIdhA che. hindudharmanI rUDhine itihAsa kAMI zIkhave che to e ja ke--jUnAne tiraskAra karyA vagara jUnuM choDI zakAya che, ane jarUra jaNAya tyAM ene choDavuM ja. katipradhAna svabhAva kRtimAM mahimA mAne, ane vicAra jyAre e nabaLA paDI jAya ke e kRtimAM pariName ja nahi, tyAre e mahimA sthAne paNa che. paNa dharmanI tattvamImAMsA-jenA siddhAnto prajAnA kSaNika ehika jayaparAjaya uparathI baMdhAtA nathI, paNa jemAM UMDI ane lAMbI tattvadaSTie siddhAnta -dhAya che, e kRti ane jJAna ubhayanuM gya mahatva ane gya samava mAne che. pleTa ane ghelo baMne svabhAvanAM pariNAma karaNa nIpaje che, ane ninI kRti ane jJAnane yogya samanvaya je dharmamAM nathI , tyAM keImAM nirbanA te kaImAM dhamadhanA (fanaticism).

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hindusthAnanI saMskRtimAM IslAmane phALe 543 utpanna thAya che, te ja pramANe dharmanI sAdAI (simplicity) e guNa che, * paNa te apUrNa guNa che. Araba lokenI sAdI saMskRtine e anukULa AvI paNa manuSyasaMskRtinI UMcI bhUmikAe caDelI prajAne e sAdAI kAma na Ave. enA bhAgyamAM te citra vicitra bhAva ane vicArathI saMkula jIvana lakhAeluM che. enI buddhi ane enuM hRdaya sUma vicAra ane vividha lAgaNIothI bharapura hAI enA dharmamAM paNa aneka zaMkAo, tarko zraddhAo, vivAda, samAdhAne bharelAM hoya che. bhale e vyavahAramAM ghaNIvAra hAnikAraka nIvaDe, paNa je prajAne UMcI bhUmikAe pahoMcavuM che tene mATe e anivArya cheH "overcivilisation ghaNI vAra nirbaLatA utpanna kare che, paNa civilisationnI bhAvanAvALI prajAe emAMthI pasAra thaIne ja, ane Akhare samatA prApta karIne, potAnI bhAvanA siddha karyA vinA chUTake nathI, arthAta hindu prajA jevI saMskRtinI UMcI bhAvanA dharAvanArI prajAne keIvAra musalamAna jevI prajAthI jItAvAno vakhata Ave te e saMkaTa sahI levuM joIe, ane pariNAme zivAjInI mAphaka samatA prApta karI nirbaLatAne pariNAmamAMthI chUTavuM joIe. paNa enI dhArmika saMskRtine pAMca hajAra varSane ItihAsa ulaTAvI eNe vicAranI sAdAI ane kRtinI pradhAnatA-je guNe rA, nahAnAlAle islAmamAM batAvyA che emAM kRtakRtyatA mAnavI na joIe. amAruM ema kahevuM nathI ke re, nahAnAlAla Ama karavA kahe che. paraMtu emanA lekhamAMthI AvI bhrAnti thavAno saMbhava che e nivAravA amAre A spaSTatA karavAnI jarUra paDI. 2, nhAnAlAle eka vAta yathArtha kahI che ke "paDadA "nA rivAja mATe IslAmane deSa devAmAM Ave che e khoTuM che. antaHpura vagere saMdigdha pramANa cheDI daIe, paNa kAlidAsano kayoSa' zabda (3ghoSag ) jemAM dhAvartha aTakamAM rAkhavuM, pUravuM thAya che e jotAM kAlidAsanA samayamAM paNa "paDade" hato ema spaSTa siddha thAya che. bIjA paNa ethI paNa pahelAMnAM ghaNuM pramANe che. paraMtu te sAthe " (jo ke sAme nahi) eka e vAta paNa prabaLa pramANu tarIke dhyAnamAM rAkhavAnI che ke dakSiNa ane drAviDa hindusthAnamAM e rivAja nathI, tema uttara hindusthAnamAM paNa garIba lokemAM e nahi jevo che ane atyAre "paDado teDavAne je sudhAre upadezAya che temAM hinduo jeTalA viruddha nathI teTalA musalamAne viruddha che. sAhitya, saMgIta, citrAlekhana Adi viSayamAM rA, hAnAlAle jene

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544 jaya-bhArata-mahAbhArata islAmane phALe" kahyo che tene ame "fusion' yAne saMgajanya ekIbhAvamAMthI utpanna thaeluM pariNAma mAnIe chIe. bIjuM islAma ane islAmanI bhASA vacce saMkara karavo na joIe, phArasInA abhyAsathI je kAMI pheraphAra thAya e sarvane musalamAna dharmane ApavA, e aMgrejI bhASAnA abhyAsane pariNAme ApaNuM dezamAM je kAMI sthityantara thayuM ane thAya che e sarvane khristI dharmane ApavA sarakhI bhUla che. pharIthI kahIe chIe ke re. nhAnAlAlanA lekhane hindu musalmAna vacce virodhanA A samayamAM ame AvakAralAyaka mAnIe chIe, paraMtu enuM A marma dhyAnamAM rAkhavAmAM na Ave te anartha thAya. te mATe aitihAsika daSTie amane emAM je kAMI vakatavya lAgyuM te nikhAlasapaNe kahyuM. bAkI hajharata mahammada payagambaranA upadezane mATe dharmanA ekadezI upadezarUpe amane saMpUrNa mAna che. [vasanta, citra 1991] 11 jaya bhArata-mahAbhArata mahAbhArata e mULe bharata mahArAja, jenA nAma uparathI ApaNe deza "bhArata deza" vA "bharatakhaMDa" kahevAya che, emanA kuLane ItihAsa cheH vadhAre cekasa rIte nirIkSaNa karIne kahIe te emanA kuLamAM AgaLa jatAM kaurava ane pAMDava e nAmanAM be pitarAI bhAIonAM kuTuo thayAM emane, balka emanA paraspara saMbaMdhane-je saMbaMdha kukSetranA mahAna yuddha rUpe pariNata thaze ane emAM parAkASThAe pahoM --ene e tihAsa che. e yuddhamAM amuka pakSano jaya thayo, tethI e yuddhanA vaNanAtmaka ItihAsane "jaya" nAmathI paNa nirdezavAmAM Avyo che. bhAratanuM granthavastu AvuM sAduM ane ATaluM ja bhAre hota to jagatanA sAhityamAM enuM je mahAna ane anupama sthAna che tene heta. upara je vastu kahyuM te te graMthanI ekatA saMpAdaka vastu, arthAta jene lIdhe granthamAM unity" prApta thaI che ne. e vastune mukhya sthAne rAkhI enI Asa* zrIyuta vAlajIbhAI gevindajI desAI kRta "bhAratI >> kathA e laghu pustakanI prastAvanA. - - - - -

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jaya-bhArata-mahAbhArata 545 pAsa eTaluM badhuM bIjuM vastu gUMthAyuM che ke samasta maLIne je vastu ane che ene ja bhAratanuM mULa vastu kahevuM joIe. paNa pahelAM nirdezelA mULa vastuthI Ane pRthak pADavA mATe ApaNe ene granthavastu kahIzuM, A vividha AchA--gherA raMgathI raMgyA asaMkhya sUtrAtmaka paTa jevA vastuthI, mahAbhArata, phideAsInA zAhanAmA ke guNAtmyanI bRhatkathA ( vidyamAnarUpe, saMskRta kathAsaritsAgara )nA vargamAM mUkAya evA eka rasika vArtAgrantha banata. paNa e karatAM mahAbhArata je UMcu sthAna bhAgave che e zAthI ? enA kAvyarasathI ja ! eTaluM ja hAta tA enI sAthe hAmaranuM iliyA harIphAI karI zakata. kharekhara, mahAbhAratanA adbhuta gauravanAtra pUrvokta granthavastuthI ke e vastune dIpAvanAra ucca kavitvazaktithI khulAseA thatA nathI. e gaiArava tA, pUrvIkta guNAne leApyA vinA, mahAbhAratamAM je Arya draviDa saMskRtinI citrAvali racavAmAM AvI che, tathA akhila granthamAMthI "catto dharmastato nacA" evA je gaMbhIra gaiAravabharyAM sUra nIkaLI rahyo che, enAthI ja prApta thayuM che. ceAgya prazaMsAthI kahevAmAM AvyuM che ke " vijJAntitacatra-catrAsti na sat vita" " je ahIM che te ja khIje che, ane je ahIM nathI te kayAMya nathI. 99 Ama mahAbhAratamAM mULa kathA, AnuSa'gika kathAvistAra, A- drAviDa saMskRtinA AcAravicAra, ane sanA kalazarUpa manuSyanA paramadhanu nirUpaNu e tattvA ApaNe pRthak pRthak pADIne joI zakIe chIe. A sarva tattvA mULathI ja bhinna bhinna hatAM ane kALakrame eka pachI eka UmerAtAM gayAM e vartamAna vidvAnAnI kalpanA sarvethA kharI nathI. kAraNake kavikRti haMmezAM ekasUtrI ja hAya che ema nathI, mULa kavi aneka sUtro vaNIne eka mahAkAvyarUpa paTa race che, ane ApaNA dezanA saMpradAyAnusAra yuddhanA varNana sAthe aneka dhArmika upadezA karavAnA prasaMgA utpanna karavA e asvAbhAvika nathI. tema atyAre ApaNe je mahAbhArata joie chIe e rUpe e mULathI ja hatuM e mAnyatA paNa pUrNAMze svIkArAya evI nathI. kAraNake vidyamAna mahAbhAratanA judA judA bhAgamAM evuM jovAmAM Ave che ke keTalAka bhAga i. sa. pachInA tema keTaleAka bahu purANA che ema be svarUpa mAnyA zivAya cAlatuM nathI. eka x kheATI vyutpattithI tathApi kharA guNa prakaTa karatAM prazastikAra kahe cheH mahattvAd bhAraSatvAcca mahAbhAratamucyate tr 33

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546 jaya-bhArata-mahAbhArata mAnyAthI bIju vagara khulAse rahI jAya che. A viSayamAM pazcimanA ane ahIMnA vidvAnoe je vividha kalpanAo karI che e joIe 1 phaina zreDara nAmanA vidvAnanuM ema mAnavuM che ke mULa (1) kurukSetranA yuddha saMbaMdhI chUTI chUTI gAthAo hatI; (2) I. sa. pUrve 7mA ane 4 thA zatakanI vacamAM enuM vIrarasapradhAna eka kAvya banAvavAmAM AvyuM, e kAvyanA kartAne kauravo tarapha pakSapAta hato, ane enA mukhya deva brahmA hatA; (3) te pachI eno vistAra thaI heTuM kAvya thayuM temAM pUrvanA kavinI sahAnubhUti UlaTAvI pAMDavone nAyaka ane kaurane pratinAyaka banAvavAmAM AvyA, ane mukhya deva paNa brahmAne badale viSNu ane enA avatArarUpa kRSNa thayA; (4) chevaTe, keTalAka chUTA chavAyA bhAga umerAyA. kauravo tarapha mULa kavino pakSapAta hato e kalpanA bhUlabharelI che. nAyakanA gauravA tema ja manuSyatAne rasa sAcavavA pratinAyakanA guNadarzanane je kavisaMpradAya che, je aMgreja kavi milTane paNa pereDAI leTa"mAM pALyo che, te bhUlavAthI A brAnti UpajI che. bIjuM, ziva ane viSNu e brahmA pachInA kALamAM agresaratA pAmyA che e mAnyatA paNa bhrama che. brAhmaNa ane upaniSamAM brahmAne mukhyadeva rUpe varNavyA che tenI pahelAM ane sAthe ziva ane viSNune mahimA gavAya che. mahAvIra svAmI ane gautama buddhanA samayamAM yAjJikanA saMpradAya upara AkSepa hAI yAjJikenA pradhAna deva brahmA ane indra eoe e sudhArakanuM mukhya lakSya kheMcyuM hatuM. 2 hepakinsa mahAbhAratanA vikAsane nIce pramANe krama bAMdhe cheH (1) I. sa. pUrve 4 thA zataka sudhImAM kukuLanI gAthAo kadAca ekatrita karavAmAM AvI haze paNa tyAM sudhImAM tenuM eka vIrarasa kAvya banyuM nahotuM. (2) emAMthI (i. sa. pUrve 400 thI 200 nI vacamAM) pAMDene nAyaka banAvIne eka mahAkAvya racavAmAM AvyuM. emAM kRNa manuSya ane deva ubhayarUpe dekhAya che. paNa te hajI pUrNa paramAtmA rUpe sthapAyA nathI, ane je dhArmika upadezabhAga pachInA mahAbhAratamAM jovAmAM Ave che te paNa hajI dAkhala thayo nathI. (2) te pachInA mahAbhAratamAM kRSNa pUrNa paramAtmApe sthapAya che. tathA dha dhArmika upadezanAM parva ane adhyAyo ane jUnI navI paurANika kathAo umerAya che. (4) AdiparvanI prastAvanA, zAntiparvathI anuzAsananuM pRthakkaraNa vagere umero ane pheraphAra A kALanA

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jaya-bhArata-mahAbhArata ' pa47 (i. sa. pachI 200 thI 400 nI vacamAMnA) che. (5) A pachI paNa (. sa. 400 pachI) keI kaI UmerA thatA gayA che. samayanI bAbatamAM ApaNuM ane pazcimanA vidvAne vacce ekamAtya thavuM ghaNIvAra kaThaNa paDe che, eTale e viSenI carcA A laghulekhamAM cheDI daIzuM. tathApi eTaluM kahIzuM ke sAmAnyataH mahAbhAratanI racanAmAM kAlakrama svIkAranArA atratya vidvAne paNa pUrvokta samayanI bAbatamAM saMmata nathI. zrIkRSNanA pUrNaparamAtmasvarUpa ane ardhaparamAtmasvarUpa evA bheda upara je krama bAMdhavAmAM AvyA che e ThIka nathI, kAraNa ke avatAra ane avatArI tatvanA bhedabhedane laI prasaMgavazAta vA yadacchAe paNa bheda ke abhedane Azraya karavAmAM Ave e vAta vIsaravAthI pUrvokta kramane bhrama thAya che. Izu khristanA jIvana saMbaMdhI vicAramAM jarmana vidvAnoe "Higher Criticism'nA je siddhAnta bAMdhyA che te pramANe Izu amuka samaya sudhI manuSya, ane pachI Izvarane putra, ane te pachI Izvara pote ja e enA svarUpanI mAnyatAne krama manAya che. e ja paddhatie kRSNa- manuSya, pachI ardha deva ane ardha manuSya, ane anta sarvathA devaparamAtmA e krama A pazcimanA saMskRta vidvAnee kRNune lAgu pADyo che. AmAM avatAravAdanI bIjI ane trIjI bhUmikA chUTI pADavI zakaya nathI, ane pahelI bhUmikA bIjIthI sarvathA bhinna che ke bIjInuM ja adhoga che e nakkI karavuM kaThaNa rahe che, eTale A bhUmikAone pRthapha kalpavI ane bhinna gaNavI ane ene AdhAre mahAbhArata jevA khristI dharmapustakathI anekagaNuM heTA pustakane e kalpitabhedavALI bhUmikAmAM vibhakta karavuM e yathArthatAne mArga nathI* 3 che. makAnala kahe che ke Adi parvamAM spaSTa kaheluM che ke bhAratanAM upAkhyAne UmerAyAM te pahelAM e 24000 kane grantha ho; ane ethI pahelAM emAM 8000 zloka ja hatA, ane enA AraMbha viSe najIvAtmA ane paramAtmA vacce aMzAMzibhAva ane kevaLa tAdAmya evA be mULa bhinnabhinna mata na hatA. aMzAMzibhAva e tAdAmya dekhADavA mATe ja hato, paNa e tAtparya bhUlI jaI aMzAMzibhAva sthUla vAcya arthamAM levAmAM AvyuM tyAre e sAme kevala tAdAbhyane siddhAnta racavo paDyo. te ja pramANe izunI Sonship mULa paramAtmA sAthe abheda darzAvavA mATe ja hatI ema enuM gUDha tAtparya samajavuM joIe. emaNa hatI ane ene AdhAra A bhUmikAne ja ahI

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548 jaya-bhArata mahAbhArata paNa traNa mata emAM noMdhyA che. je mULa aitihAsika pAtra upara A grantha racAyo che eno yajurvedamAM ullekha thaele jovAmAM Ave che, eTale mULa vastu I. sa. pUrve 1000thI pachInuM nathI eTaluM to kahI ja zakAya. pachI A vastu upara racAelA granthanA che, seMkaDonala traNa thara batAve che. (1) hAlanA mahAbhAratamAM be saMskRtio-eka ghaNI prAcIna ane bIjI pachInA samayanI-spaSTa bhinna dekhAya che, emAMnI prAcIna saMskRtimAM mukhya deva brahmA che. AzvalAyana gRhyasUtramAM "bhArata" ane "mahAbhArata"ne "mArata-mAmAratadharmavArtAH" ema pRthapha gaNavAmAM AvyA che e jotAM paNa jaNAya che ke mahAbhArata pahelAM bhArata hatuM. ene samaya I. sa. pUrve 5muM zataka mAnIe. (2) bIjI AvRttimAM e pustaka banIne vIsa vIsa hajAra kanuM thayuM. emAM ziva viSNu ane viSNunA avatArarUpa kRNa dAkhala thayA. zaka yavanAdikane ullekha paNa A samayamAM . meM sthinIsa hindusthAnamAM Avyo. (I. sa. pU. 300) te pahelAMnuM A. (3) A pachI enuM vidyamAna svarUpa eka mahAna dharmagranthanuM ApaNe joIe chIe te. A mata viSe haipakinsanA matanI parIkSAmAM upara kahevAI cUkyuM che. 4 rA. ba, cintAmaNarAva vaidya A granthanAM traNa rUpa mAne che. ane enA samarthanamAM eka saraLa ane sugama pramANa batAve che te e ke mahAbhAratamAM ja kahevuM che ke mahAbhArata sAtie (sUta paurANikanA putra thAne vaMzaja) nimiSAraNyanA satramAM zAnakAdi RSione kahyuM, je sAtie vizampAyana pAsethI sAMbhaLyuM hatuM, ane vaizampAyana janamejayane kahe che ke pite je kahe che te emaNe vyAsa pAsethI sAMbhaLyuM hatuM.. Ama A granthanI traNa AvRttio thaelI. e traNa AvRttio te- 1) vyAse vaizampAyanAdika emanA ziSyone kaheluM mULa bhArataetihAsika kathA, jemAM pAMno jaya varNavAmAM Avelo hovAthI "jaya" kahevAnuM. (2) vaizampAyane janamejayane kahyuM te A "bhArata.", (3) ane vaizampAyane kaheluM etie zAnakAdika RSione kahyuM te "mahAbhArata rA. ba, vagha kIka batAve che ke mekaDonala 8800 zlokanuM prathama kA, mAne che e baraphana itihAsanI kuTanoTamAM 8800 kalokano ullekha - patie cAlatA te huM AmAM eka rU5 ume, ane te saMjayanuM bhArataH arthana saMjaye pUnarATane kareluM yuddhavarNana.

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jaya-bhAta mahAbhArata 549 rr che, emAMthI utpanna thaelI bhrAnti che. e 8800 zlAka te mahAbhAratanA phUTa kSeAka ''jene anulakSIne vyAsajI kahe che: " kSaNau hojasannasraanni aSTau zlokazatAni ca / ahaM vedmi zuko vetti sajayo yetti yA na thA / '' phUTa kSeAkanI saMkhyAne mULa granthanA aAkanI saMkhyA sAthe kaMI sabandha nathI. paNa rA. ma. vaidhe pote paNa evI ja bhUla karI che. je pramANane AdhAre 24000 zlAkanuM bhArata emaNe mAnyuM che te pramANa sUkSmatAthI tapAsIe te emanI kalpanAnuM samarthana karatuM jaNAtuM nathI jyAM 24000 zlAka saMkhyA atAvI che tyAM e mULa bhAratanI nahi, paNa sakSipta bhAratanI kahI che. kAraNa ke te pachI turata A karatAM paNa nhAnuM anukramaNikAdhyAyamAM saMgraheluM 150 zlAkanuM bhArata kahyuM che. arthAt ahIM saMdarbha jotAM spaSTa saMkSepanI ja vAta che. ane AvA saMkSepa kAgaLa ane lakhAmaNInI muzkelInA samayamAM svAbhAvika che: ja A rIte jotAM makaDAnale ane vaidye mahAbhAratanA mULa ane vistAranAM je mApa kADhyAM che te pramANasiha nathI. paraMtu mahAbhArata samasta eka ja samayanI kRti heAya ema lAgatuM nathI. bhASA, vistAra, saMskRti AdinuM svarUpa jotAM, emAM kramika stara che emAM zaka nathI. paNa e staranuM rUpa ane kada hajI nakkI karI zakAtAM nathI. vidyamAna mahAbhArata samastane eka ja samaye eka ja vyaktinA mastiSkamAMthI dArUkhAnAnI havAI mAphaka nIkaLeluM mAnI zakAtuM nathI. bhArata prajAnI e amUlya samRddhi krame krame vadhatI gaI che, paNa prathama bharatakuLanA itihAsa, 'jaya'; pachI bIjI kathAe maLIne 'bhArata'; ane pachI dhArmika upadezA maLIne mahAbhArata' ----ema krama mAnavAnuM kAraNa nathI. A saghaLAM tattvA saLIne thaelI eka nhAnI kRti kALakrame eka bIjamAMthI vRkSanI peThe vikasI ane vistarI hoya ema jaNAya che. mULathI, 'jaya' te pAMDavAnA kauravA sAme jaya ja nahi, paNa dharmanA adhama sAme jaya--ane tethI ja enA ArbhanA AAkamAM je 'jaya'nuM udIraNa karavAnuM kahyuM che tenI sAthe dhArmika mUrti nara ane nArAyaNanA saMmbandha karyAM che, cheka anta sudhI cau dharmastato nayA ema DI vagADyo che. ane pUrvokta vividha tattvAnA samudAyamAM jema rasa che tema e pratyekamAM paNa rasa che. AnA lAbha laI zrIyuta vAlajIbhAie pratyeka parvanA kathAbhAganA sAra sAdI, saraLa, gharagaththu gUjarAtImAM ApyA che. AthI saH parjana pafr--e tathyanA anubhava kaumArAvasthAnA bAlaka paNa karI zakaze. [vasanta, caitra, saM. 1992 ]

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papa0 mahAbhAratanA pradhAna rasa mahAbhAratanA pradhAna rasa mahAbhArata sarva rasathI bharapUra che, paraMtu emAM pradhAna rasa kayo? -adbhuta, ke vIra, ke karuNa, ke bIje kaI? mahAbhAratanI vArtA aitihAsika lAge che, ane mULarUpe jotAM e tevI ja che. bIjA keTalAka granthAmAM alaukikatAthI vAcakane cakita karavAne yatna hoya che te AmAM bahu bhAge nathI. kAvya mAtramAM kAMIka ne kAMIka te adbhuta rasanI chAMTa hoya ja, kAraNake kavinI vANI niyatikRtaniyamarahitA (kAvyaprakAza) hoya che, paNa teTalAthI ene mahAbhAratane pradhAna rasa na kahevAya. mahAbhAratanI kathA vIrarasathI bharelI che, ane enuM "jaya" nAma mahAbhAratanA yuddhamAM pAMDavone jaya thayo te uparathI paDeluM che, ane mULa mahAbhArata yuddhAnta hatuM ema mAnIe to ene rasa vIrarasa gaNuM zakAya khare. paNa "ja" nAma, yuddhamAM jaya karatAM, "cato ghaetata cA ema dharmane jaya sUcave che ema mAnIe te e vIrarasane sAmAnya vIra na mAnatAM dharmavIra mAnavAnuM mana thAya. paNa dharma khAtara viratA dAkhavavAne prasaMga hoya tyAM ja dharmavIra (rasa) manAya che. paraMtu jyAM baMne pakSa pitAnA haka ke svArtha mATe laDhe ane emAM je pakSa satya ane dharmane heya tene jaya thAya, e kAMI dharmavIra (rasa) na kahevAya. ahIM mULa yuddhane rasa vIrarasa che ane yuddhamAM baMne pakSa vIratAthI laDhayA, mATe mahAbhAratane mukhya rasa yuvIra che ema sAdI rIte mAnIe. paNa e vIrarasa sAthe bhavya karuNarasa bhaLe che. yuddhamAM dharmAvalI pAMDavee ke jaya meLavyo e kahevAne aMge vividha yehAonAM parAkrama varNavyAM che e kharuM; paNa e te aneka che, e anekatAnI pAchaLa ekatA zI che? "dharmo jaya, ane pApe kSaya" e ja. e kSaya karuNarasathI bharapUra na hota, ane mAtra vIrarasanAM parAkramene ja pariNAme thayo hata, te mahAbhArata jevuM asAdhAraNa kAvya gaNAya che tevuM na gaNuta. dhatarASTra duryodhana vagere pitAnA putranI duSTatA jANe che-mastrIo sAthe mantraNa karIne yudhidhiSThirane yauvarAjya ApanAra e pote ja hatepaNa Akhare "nAma"nA nehapAzamAM paDelo hAI emane e kAMI

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mahAbhAratane pradhAna rasa papa1 kahI zakatuM nathI. jyAM eNe potAnI javAbadArI samajhIne nirbhayatAthI duryodhanane pAMDavo prati eka pachI eka aneka duSTa karmo karatAM vAravAnuM kartavya karavuM joItuM hatuM, tyAM e pratyeka prasaMge " vimeva para maLe," "diva para maLe" evo nirbaLatAne ugAra kADhI kapALe hAtha de che ! A dhRtarASTranI "tragedy' karuNa kathA. bhISma ane droNanI vaLI bIjI che. be sainya sAmasAmAM gaThavAI gayAM che, yuddha jhajhumI rahyuM che. thoDA ja vakhatamAM raNadudubhi vAgavAnAM che. teTalAmAM yudhiSThira ekadama rathamAMthI UtarI page cAlI zatrunA sainya tarapha jAya che, ane bhISma droNu vagere vaDIlene maLe che. kAraNa ke dharmaputra dharmarAja yudhiSThira jANe che ke yuddha mAMDatAM pahelAM gusajananI anumati ane AzIrvAda levA joIe evI zAstranI AjJA che. e AzIrvAda ApatAM e baMne vaDIlo kheda sAthe ugAra kADhe che ke "utha tyAre sArAva vArita"--mANasa paisAne gulAma che, paiso keIne gulAma nathI. A udgAranuM sUtra e A saMsAranI karuNa ghaTanA ! bhIma droNu jevAnA jIvananA kAruNyanI ahI sUcanA che. A bIjI tragedy-dhaNunA lUNa'nI karaNa kathA hindusthAnanA itihAsamAM ghaNu thaI che. duryodhanamAM eka vIratAne guNa cheDIne te paNa eka prasaMga bAda karIne) -Sa, vera, adekhAI kapaTa vagere durgaNe ja bharelA che. ane e durguNene pariNAme e pitAnA AkhA kuLanA kSayanuM kAraNa bane che. A te khullI tragedy (karuNa kathA) che, ane duryodhananA sarva durgaNe e AkhA mahAbhAratanI karuNakathAmAM pravezeluM sUtra che. "svargAreNu parva" pahelAM mahAbhArata samApta thaI jAya che, ane e parva te pAchaLano umere che ema mAnIe te mahAbhAratanI kathAnI karuNatA spaSTa ja che. paNa e parvane mahAbhAratanuM ucita atima aMga mAnIe te paNa e parva kathAnI karuNatA ghaTADatuM nathI, balka vadhAre che. paNa bhAratavAsI Arya hadaya karuNa rasathI aTakatuM nathI; ene A vizvanA niyatAnA nyAyamAM evI zraddhA che ke keAI paNa rIte, AkAzamAMthI e uparathI bhArata prajAmAM "kulAMgAra" zabda rUDha thaI gayA che- lIlAM vRkSa jevA kuLamAM agni samAna je nIvaDe te kulAMgAra." A karatAM vadhAre ugra bharsanAne zabda ApaNI bhASAmAM nathI.

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papara sUtrakRtAga devo UtarIne ane emanI pAse varadAna karAvIne paNa, anyAyanI karuNatAne sthAne nyAyanI zAnti e mAgI le che-A harizcandra, nAgAnanda, zibi vagerenI kathAnA antane khulAso. athavA te-karuNa antane karuNa ja rahevA daI, e vaDe jIvananI asAratAnuM sUcana karI, nirveda (vairAgya) UpajAvI, zAntarasa (jene sthAyI bhAva nirveda che) prakaTa kare che. A kAraNathI, rasa ane dhvani zAstranA AcAryo emanA vanyAloka' nAmaka apUrva marmagrAhI granthane ane mahAbhAratane rasa zAntarasa che ema batAvyuM che. juo manuSyajIvananI nikAsAratA, mahAbhArata jevA mahAyuddhanI niSphaLatA! kaura bharyA ane ane pAMDa paNa maryAM e Akhare vastusthiti! ema ja che te emAM bhagavadgItAne zo avakAza? mahAbhAratane ane gItAkArane upadeza eka ke bhinna? [ vasaMta, zrAvaNa-Azvina saMvata 1992 1 13 sUtrakRtAMga A grantha jaina AgamanA eka prAcIna grantha-sUtrakRtAMga-no chAyAnuvAda che. darpaNamAM paDatI "chAyA mULanuM savize pratibimba hoya che, paNa A "chAyA eTale paDachAyaH mAtra AkRtinuM darzana. te vAcaka AgaLa mUkavAmAM anuvAdakartAne eka stutya uddeza e che ke, AvA prAcIna granthanA je bhAgamAM AjakAlanA jamAnAne rasa nathI ane je jANavAthI khAsa lAbha thavAne paNa saMbhava nathI, tevA bhAga cheDI daI mAtra je bhAga atyAranA vAcakane rasa UpajAve, jJAna Ape, ane lAbha kare, tevA bhAga ja rajU karavA. A anuvAda paddhati paM. sukhalAlajIe "tattvArthIdhigamasUtra'nA anuvAdamAM svIkArI hatI, ane e ja atre cAlu rAkhavAmAM anuvAdake bahu DahApaNa vAparyuM che, ane e vaDe gujarAtanA sarve vAcakonI jenenI tema ja jainetaranI-sArI sevA bajAvI che. * zrIyuta gepALadAsa jIvAbhAI kRta "mahAvIra svAmIne saMyama dharma" e pustakanI prastAvanArUpe lakhela lekha.

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sUtrakRtAMga 553 'sUtrakRtAMga' e jaina AgamanA eka prAcIna tema ja bahu mUlyavAna grantha che. emAM navA dIkSA pAmelA zramaNAne saMyamamAM sthira karavA mATe ane teonI malina matine zuddha karavA mATe jaina siddhAntAnuM varNana karavAmAM AvyuM che,' eTaluM ja nahi paNu, vartamAna samayanA vAcakane, jene ApaNA dezanI prAcIna muddhisaMpatti jANavA utsukatA haiAya, tene jaina sAthe jainetara bIjA vAdIonA siddhAMtA' jANavAnuM paNa maLe che. tema ja kAI bhAIne bhautika jIvanamAMthI AdhyAtmika jIvanamAM UMce caDhavA IcchA hoya, tene jaina-jainetara evA kSudra bhedanI pAra virAjatA- jIvana- ajIva, lAka--aleAka, puNya-pApa, Asava-saMvara, nirjarA, bandha ane mekSa" e padArthInuM vivecana sAhAyyakArI thAya che. mane A hamezAM Azcarya lAgyA karyuM che, ane je kAI bhAI ApaNA prAcIna dharmagranthAnuM niSpakSapAta ane tattvagrAhiNI daSTithI avalAkana karaze tene e Azcarya lAgyA vinA raheze nahi, ke jaina, bauddha ane brAhma yAne vaidika dharmanA anuyAyIo vacce keTalIkavAra dekhAya che teTalA virAdha zA ? kahevAtA traNa dharma te vastutaH eka ja dharmanI traNa zAkhAe che. enAM tattvajJAnanAM darzanAmAM virAdha hAya emAM Azcarya nathI. kAraNake, tattva evA vizALa padArtha che ke AMdhaLAnA hAthI peThe dareka jijJAsu enuM apUrNa svarUpa grahaNu kare, ane aMza (part) ne kRna (whole) mAnI laI, paraspara ajJAnathI laDhI paDe e svAbhAvika che. paNu A jAtane virAdha to te te dhamanAM avAntara darzanAmAM kyAM nathI ? naitika siddhAntamAM ane AdhyAtmika unnati saMpAdana karavAnA AcAramAM traNe dharmamAM tattvataH eTalI ekatA che ke, teonA paraspara virodha samajhI zakAtA nathI. '' vAcakanI kSamA yAcIne huM ene mhArA potAnA eka vAkayanuM smaraNa ApavA dhRSTatA karUM chuM Y--'jaina' thayA vinA brAhmaNa' thavAtuM nathI, ane brAhmaNa' thayA vinA 'jaina' thavAtuM nathI. tAtparya je jaina dharmanuM tattva indriyeAne ane maneAvRttione jItavAnAM che; ane brAhmaNa dharmanuM tattva vizvanI vizALatA AtmAmAM UtAravAmAM che. te have, kaheA ke prakriyAne ane maneAvRttione jItyA vinA AtmAmAM vizALatA zI rIte Ave ? ane AtmAne vizALa karyA vinA indriyAne ane vRttiene zI rIte jItAya ? A kAraNathI ja A granthamAM, brAhmaNa' zabdanA kharA arthamAM ane brAhmaNu'nI UMcI bhAvanAnu smaraNa karAvatA zabdomAM, mahAvIra svAmIne atimAna brAhmaNa mahAvIra' (pR. 121, 128 ) kahyA che, ane ge

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papa4 sUtrakRtAMga jagatane vicAra karanArAomAM zramaNa ane brAhmaNa gaNAvyA che (pR. 136) te ja pramANe uttarAdhyayana vagere aneka pratiSThita jaina granthomAM "brAhmaNanI prazaMsA karI che ane khare brAhmaNa keNu e samajhAvyuM che. bezaka e prazaMsA kharA brAhmaNanI ja che, paNa kharA "jana thayA vinA kayA jainane vartamAna brAhmaNanI niMdA karavAno adhikAra che? ane e ja pramANe kharA "brAhmaNa" thayA vinA vartamAna jananI niMdA karavAne paNa dareka brAhmaNane adhikAra nathI. ane brAhmaNa khare brAhmaNa thaze, ane jaina khare jana thaze, pachI nindAne avakAza ja kyAM rahyo ? ubhayanI, brAhmaNonI tema ja jainenI, baMnenA grantha ekaThA karI emAMthI AdhyAtmika ucca jIvanane upayogI thatA AcAravicAra jIvanamAM utAravAnI pharaja che. prAcIna bhAratanA tattvajJAnanA abhyAsIne sUtrakRtAMgamAM noMdhelA vividha jainetara siddhAnta jANavA jevA ane rasa UpajAve evA che. evI ja noMdha bauddha dharmanA brahmajAlasuttamAM paNa maLe che. paNa e siddhAtonA samayane prazna tattvajJAnanA itihAsakArane mUMjhave evo che. bauddha tripiTake ane khAsa karIne tadantargata brahmajAlasura I. sa. pU. 200 varSa pahelAM mUkI zakAya ema nathI ema enI bhASAnA svarUpa uparathI siddha thAya che. jaina AgamanA sarvathI prAcInamAM prAcIna grantha, je mahAvIrasvAmIthI paNa pUrvanA mAnavAmAM Ave che, e "pUrva" nAmathI prasiddha che. ane te, pachInI dvAdaza aMga" nAmanI granthAvalimAM bAramuM aMga je "daSTivAda kahevAtuM, temAM dAkhala karavAmAM AvyA hatA, paraMtu kALabaLe bAramuM aMga AkhuM lupta thayuM ane te sAthe pUrve paNa gayAM ! e daSTivAda ane pUrve hayAta hota, te emAM jainetara dRSTinI bahu hakIkata ApaNane maLata, ane e pustake mahAvIrasvAmInI pahelAMnAM hovAthI, e daSTionA samayanA praznane paNa kAMIka aMze nirNaya thaI zakata. paraMtu upara kahyuM tema e naSTa thavAthI sUtrakRtAMga bIjA aMgenI peThe sudharmasvAmI, jemane janma I. sa. pUrve 607 mAM thayelo manAya che, emaNe mahAvIrasvAmInA nirvANa pAmyA pachI potAnA ziSya jakhkhasvAmIne kahyuM. ane I. sa. pUrve pahelA zatakamAM pATaliputramAM maLelA saMghe jaina AgamanA saMrakSaNane bhAre prayatna karI, Agamane amuka rUpamAM sthira karyo. te pachI keTaleka kALe, i. sa. 454 mAM devardhigaNinA pramukhapade valabhIpuramAM jaina saMgha maLyo eNe Agane vyavasthita ane patrArUDha karyA. A rIte, ApaNe hAla je rU5mAM e grantha joIe chIe e rUpamAM jaina Agama

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sUtrakRtAMga papapa mahAvIrasvAmI pachI lagabhaga eka hajAra varSa pachInA che. ochIvattI A sthiti prAcIna bauddha ane brAhmaNa granthanI paNa che. paNa je zraddhA ane mAnathI prAcIna gra -ane te paNa dharmanA prAcIna gra -ApaNuM prajA sAcave che, te dhyAnamAM letAM, upalabdha grantha enA zabdAMzamAM bhale kAMIka bhinna che, paNa enA athAzamAM te e lagabhaga yathApUrva rakSita, haze ema mAnavuM apramANa nathI. A rIte sUtrakRtAMga prAcIna daSTienA svarUpa upara bahu prakAza pADe che ane ene bauddha brahmajAlasuttamAM karelA nirUpaNathI svataMtra puSTi maLe che. e daSTienuM A pustakanA upaghAtamAM sAruM spaSTIkaraNa thaeluM che. eTale e saMbadhI piSTapeSaNa karavAnI jarUra nathI. tathApi eka vastu umeruM. emAM ullekhAelA vAda purANA siddhAntanAM vikRta rUpa jaNAya che, ane e vikRtarUpe zrI mahAvIra svAmInA samayamAM e lokamAM pracalita haze ema anumAna karavuM paDe che. temAM, mULa rUpamAM paNa e sarva vAdo anekAnta jaina dRSTie apUrNa satya che e dhyAnamAM rAkhavAnuM che. ane sahuthI heTI vAta lakSamAM rAkhavAnI che te e ke, atre karelA jaina upadeza pramANe "jJAnamAtrane sAra te A ja che ke, keI paNa jIvanI hisA na karavI. prANIonuM sthAvara jevuM ke jagama e amuka cekasa kAraNene lIdhe hoya che. bAkI badhAM ja chavabhAve samAna che. temAya jaMgama prANIo viSe te A spaSTa samajAya evuM che. eTale, pitAnI jema keIne duHkha nathI gamatuM. mATe koInI hisA na karavI. ahisAne siddhAMta te A ja che. mATe mumukSue cAlavAmAM, sUvAbesavAmAM tathA khAvApIvAmAM satata jAgRti bhera saMyamI ne nirAsakata rahevuM tathA mAna, krodha, mAyA ne lobha tajavAM. A pramANe samyapha AcAravALA thaI, tathA kam AtmAne na lepe e sAruM ahiMsA, satyAdi pAMca mahAvratarUpI saMvara (eTale ke chatra) dvArA surakSita banavuM; ane ema karI, karmabaMdhananA A lokamAM pavitra bhikSue pUrNatA prApta karatAM sudhI rahevuM." (pR. 78-9). visanta, bhAi-caitra 1997]

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prAsaMgika carcA ane noMdha

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uddeza, nAma tathA sUtra 1 uddeza, nAma tathA sUtra hRdayadravya kaLAze jyAre parvata tA caLAze--narmadAzaMkara kahI lAkhA nirAzAmAM amara AzA chupAi che. paha --maNilAla nabhubhAI lakSya jJAna, ane ananta-svarUpa paramAtmAnuM smaraNa karI, AjathI gujarAtanI sevAmAM A eka navIna mAsika arpaNa karavAmAM Ave che. A mAsikanA uddeza tathA nAma ane sUtra sabandhe be zabdo kahevAnI jarUra che. uddeza " tr 1 je kAlaniyamane anusarI AjathI pacAzeka varSa upara * muddhiprakAza' ane * buddhiva ke ' nA janma thayA hatA ane vIzeka varSa upara - priyaMvadA '- sudarzana ' astitvamAM AvyAM, e ja niyamAnusAra Aja A vasanta " nA prAdurbhAva thAya che. ApaNA chellA pacAsa varSanA itihAsa avaleAkIzuM te jaNAze ke e daramiyAna ApaNA AcAra vicAra ane kartavyabhAvanAnA svarUpamAM aneka pheraphArA thaI gayA che-- keTalAka jUnA prazno Aja patI gayA che, keTalAka navIna paddhatie carcAvA lAgyA che; keTalAka navA utpanna thayA che, ane keTalAka thavAnI zaruAtamAM che. AvI sthitimAM, samayanuM yAgya pratibimba jhIle, ane enA jIvanavikAsamAM kAMIka paNa sahAya thAya evA eka mAsikanI gujarAtane bahu jarUra che, ane e jarUra thADI dhaNI paNa--kAMIka santASakAraka rIte--pUrI pADI zakAya teA ThIka, e A navIna upakramanA uddeza che. 2 bIjo uddeza yathAzakti gujarAtI sAhitya vadhAravAnA che. amArA vidvAna mitrAne smaraNa karAvavAnI jarUra nathI ke dezanA sarva utkarSa enA sAhitya upara puSkaLa AdhAra rAkhe che. Revival of Learning yAne i. sa. 13-14mA saikA pachI cUrApamAM thaelA vidyAnA punarujjIvanane pariNAme, cApanA arvAcIna sudhArAnA udaya thayeA hatA; Aja ogaNIsamI sadInuM cUpa je 'svAtantya' 'samAna heka' Adi vicArAnA lAbha bhAgave che enuM AdikAraNa, 1789 nA phrenca revAlyUzanane UpajAvanAra, phrenca sAhitya ja hatuM; ane IMgla'DanA itihAsamAM * vasantanA pahelA ja aMkamAM chapAele, A vasantanA uddeza, nAma ane sUtra viSenA lekha che.

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560 uddeza, nAma tathA sUtra ilijhAbetha ane viTAriyAnA samaye sauthI pratApI thaI gayA emAM paNa te te samayanA AraMbhamAM thaeluM sAhitya ja kAraNa che. mATe ApaNuM dhAmika sAMsArika rAjakIya Adi sarva pravRttione jJAna, baLa ane gati ApanAruM vizALa sAhitya utpanna karavAnI jarUra che. A sAhitya aMgrejImAM lakhAya e ThIka che, paNa e karatAM paNa adhika jarUra cAlu dezI bhASAmAM lakhavAnI che. aMgrejI zikSaNa game eTaluM vadhAraze, paNa chevaTe eka evo he prajAvarga raheze ke jene e pahoMcI zakavAnuM nathI ja. e varga upara dezahitane mukhya AdhAra hovAthI, enI kUpamaMDUkatA dUra karavI-enI jJAnamayadA vistAravI-e ApaNI vidvAna varganuM mukhya kartavya che. e kartavya jAte yathAzakti karavuM, ane anyane karavA tarapha preravA e A patrane uddeza che. A be uddeze siddha karavA mATe vidvAna lekha joIe. evA lekhake maLavA vA navIna utpanna thavA azakya che? pacAsa varSathI ApaNuM ilAkAmAM yunihasiTi sthapAI che, ane pratyeka varSe saMkhyAbaMdha greDayueTa taiyAra thAya che. eo potAnA ajJAna badhuone kAMIka paNa navIna jANavA jevuM karI zake ema nathI ? teo pote mAMhyomAMhya gujarAtI dvArA pitAnA vicAra sarakhAve, to emanuM pitAnuM jJAna paNa vadhAre cekasa spaSTa tejasvI ane antaramAM supratiSThita ane anusmRta na thAya ? ApaNe "yunisiTimAM varnAkyulara dAkhala kare" ema ucca avAje mAgaNI karIe chIe, paNa e viSayamAM ApaNuM pitAnuM ja kartavya ApaNe pite keTaluM thoDuM karIe chIe ! hoTA pratye lakhavA jeTalI sarvanI zakti na hoya, zakti hoya te kurasada na hoya, paNa eka gujarAtI mAsika vAMcavAnI, emAM lakhavAnI, ene sudhAravAnI, ane ene sarva rIte sArI sthitimAM mUkavAnI paNa kyA na karIe? baMgALI bhASAnuM sAhitya kevuM vizALa che e sarvanA jANavAmAM che. tAmila bhASAmAM to jUnA vakhatathI ja mahetATuM sAhitya che. ane marAThI mAsikanA eka tatrI amane jaNAve che ke lagabhaga so greDayueTee emanA patramAM lakhavAnuM kabUla karyuM che. tyAre zuM gujarAta ja svakartavya karavAmAM pAchaLa raheze ? "nahi rahe" ema uttara devo amArA hAthamAM nathI e uttara gujarAte ja devo joIe, ane te mAtra mukha thakI nahi, paNa kRtidvArA devo joIe. ame te mAtra eTaluM ja kahIe chIe ke ApaNuM sarvottama agraNe mi. jasTisa rAnaDe-jemanA vacanane ApaNe zAstra jeTaluM mAna ja te phurasada na hoya mAsika vAMcavAnI. A ane ene

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uddeza, nAma tathA sUtra ApIe chIe--e varnAkyulara sAhityane sarva dezeAdhAranA pAye ane sara jemsa pIla enI avagaNanAne svadezabhimAnanI khAmI * svadezAbhimAnanI khAmI ' e zabdo zeDhA hRdayavedhaka nathI. guja rAtanA sAhityane greDayueTAe--rA. geAvanarAma, maNilAla, narasiMharAva Adie--ghaNI sevA karI che, tathApi sAmAnyarUpe mi. pIlanA zabdo kharA che, ane ene jema bane tema ApaNane lAgu paDatA aTakAvavA e dareka gujarAtanA vidvAnanuM kartavya che, e kartavya karavA mATe vidyA karatAM paNa utsAhanI adhika jarUra jaNAya che, ane tethI ame A patranuM nAma utsAhasUcaka vasanta pADyu che. 66 "" r vasanta " nAma aneka prAcIna vacananuM smaraNa karAve che, ane uttama bhAvA sUcave cheH pa gaNe che, kahe che ! (1) Rgveda kahe che ke " vasanta e puruSa( svAtma )yajJamAM Ajya ( dhRta ) sthAne hateA. '+ vartImAna samayamAM dezadvAra mATe atula svArpaNa karavAnI jarUra che, ane e mahAyajJanA agnine yathAzakti tejasvI karavA e A patranA uddeza che. yadyapi e svArpaNu kharUM jotAM te| yajamAne ja--dareka prajAjane ja--karavAnuM che, tathApi e svApaNuMne santa, Ajya (dhRta)nI mAphaka andara bhaLIne, dedIpyamAna karI zake; ane eTaluM kare teA enuM astitva saphaLa che. re (2) zrImadbhagavadgItAmAM bhagavAna kahe che ke " RtuomAM kusumAkar--vasata--te huM chuM." vasanta e Ananda, jIvana, ane utsAhanI Rtu che. ane vizvamAM kharekharA e bhAvAne pUranAra paramazakti paramAtmA * "The dislike shown by University graduates to writing in their vernacular can only be attributed to the consciousness of an imperfect command of it. So curious an apathy, so discouraging a want of patriotism, is inexplicable, if the transfer of English thought to the native idiom were, as it should be, a pleasant exercise, and not, as I fear, it is, a tedious and repulsive trial". Mr (Nov Sir) James Peile. + " vasanto'syAsIdAjyam rr " x " adamRtanAM ghusumAra 71. d

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para udeza, nAma tathA sUtra ja che. mATe vasata e paramAtmAnI ja vibhUti che e kahevuM yathArtha che. vizvanAM sarva kharAM Ananda jIvana ane utsAhamAM paramAtmAnuM darzana karavuM- uttama gRha rAjya samAja sAhitya sarvatra enI ja vibhUti pratyakSa karavI e A patrane uddeza che, ane e uddeza vasA nAmathI sUcavAya che. pUrvokta udeze yathAzakita siddha karavA mATe gharanAne prAdurbhAva che, ane e mATe mukhapRSTa upara TAMkelAM- idaM satyaM sarveSAM bhUtAnAM madhvasya sarvANi bhUtAni madhu / yazcAyamasminsatye tejomayo'mRtamayaH puruSo yazcAyamadhyAtma sAtyastejomayo'mRtamayaH puruSo'yameSa sa yo'yamAtmedamamRtamidaM brahmedaM sarvam / ane- satyAnna pramaditavyam / dharmAnna pramaditavyam / kuzalAna prmditvym| bhUtyai na pramaditavyam / svAdhyAyapravacanAbhyAM na pramaditavyam / e be sutra svIkAravAmAM AvyAM che. (1) zrati kahe che ke "satya e sarva bhUtonuM madhu (puSparasa) che, ane sarva bhUto satyanuM madhu che." e "madhune piSavuM, prakaTAvavuM, phelAvavuM e vAtanI parama uddezabhAvanA che. e bhAvanAne lakSAMza-e madhu'nuM eka pu5mAM eka bindu paNa-sajoSakAraka rIte UpajAvI zakAya te vAtane janma sArthaka che. zrati satyane "sarva bhUtonuM madhu" ane sarva bhUtone "satyanuM madhu' kahe che e Dividha ukitamAM bahu gaMbhIra rahasya raheluM cheH satya e sarva bhUtonuM antastama tatva che, ene bahAra tAravI kADhavAnuM che, eTaluM ja nahi paNa sarva bhUte paNa satyanAM ja banelAM che, arthAta satyane pratyakSa karI ApavA mATe gRha rAjya samAja Adi saMsthAo utpanna thAya che, ane je saMsthAnA antaramAM satya nathI e abhAvagrasta che, "" nahi paNa "nathI" gaNavA yogya che. mATe satyanuM saMpUrNa darzana karavuM hoya te vicAramAM ane siddhAnta(abstract thought) mAM ja thaI zakavAnuM nathI, paNa uttama saMsthAo institutions)rUpe ene pariNAma pAmeluM jovAnI jarUra che. baMne eka ja satyanAM Antara ( subjective) ane bAhya (objective) svarUpe che. e satyanA antamAM tema ja enI pAra satya svarUpa tejomaya

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senTralahiMdu koleja-banArasa - 563 amRtamaya paramAtmAne nivAsa cheH jIva ane jagata ubhayanA ataramAM ane bahAra e ja che, ubhaya erUpa ja che. eTale 1) satyasvarUpa vicAra( abstract thought)nuM, ane (2) satya-svarUpa saMsthAo(institutions)nuM avalokana karavuM; ane (3) dharmane emanA madhyabindusthAne rAkho-e vAtane mukhya uddeza kare che. (2) e udeza siddha karavA "satya" arthAta je hoya te yathArtha kahevuM, dharma' kahetAM kartavya te haMmezAM karavuM, "kuzaLa" ane "bhUti' nAma kalyANa-AbAdI e bAbata bedarakAra na rahevuM, ane "svAdhyAya' nAma pitAnA dareka viSayanA mUla granthano abhyAsa kare che, ane enuM "pravacana' eTale vyAkhyAna-bhASya--ene itihAsadRSTie vicAra ene A patra sAdhanarUpe svIkAre che. A uddeza ane sAdhananI bhAvanA nirantara amalamAM mUkavI e sAdhAraNuM kAma nathI. vijaya te haMmeza paramAtmAne ja adhIna che, paNa udezabhAvanA ucca rAkhavI ane yathAzakita ene siddha karavA sAdhana yojavAM eTalu manuSyanuM kartavya che. e kartavya karavA amArA taraphathI banato prayAsa karavAmAM Avaze, ane e kAmamAM gujarAtanA vidvAne amane sahAya thaze ema AzA che. ATaluM kahI vidattu rigi sAvaghAre' e sahaja pheraphAra karelI jayadevanI pa kitanA uccAra sAthe, A patra gujarAtanI sevAmAM ame arpaNa karIe chIe, visanta, mAgha, saMvata 1958 ] senTralahiMdu koleja-anArasa "Man is by his constitution a religious animal". Burke je bhakta gAI gayuM che kekaDiye nANuM karI mara bese, dharma vinA dhana te zobhe nahi; soLe zaNagAra saje maranI suMdarI, paNa nAka vinA nArI zobhe nahi."

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senTralahiMdu kaoNlejamanArasa "" kharuM che. dharma e manuSyanuM " nAka che, eja enI uttamAttama zeAbhA che, paNa jarA vizeSa vicAra karatAM jaNAze ke dhama mATe A ati alpa kahevuM che. ethI AgaLa vadhIne kahI zakAya ke dharma e manuSyanuM rudhira che, prANa che, AtmA che. enuM AntaramAM Antara svarUpa ane tAttvikamAM tAttvika rahasya te dharma che. manuSyanuM manuSyatva dharmathI aMkAya che ema kahIe to paNa atizayeAkti nathI. " dIvAne tela jeTaluM Avazyaka che" teTalI ja dharmabhAvanA manuSyane Avazyaka che e satya che. chatAM, arvAcIna samayamAM hindusthAnanI yunivarsiTi dharmahIna keLavaNI ApavAnA yatna kare che. paraMtu e yatna manuSya-svabhAvanI ane e dvArA paramAtmAnI ceAjanAnI viruddha heAI niSphaLa thayA vinA raheze nahi e nizcita che. hAlamAM eka saMtASanI vAta e thaI che ke A khAmI tarapha mahAna vicArakartAonuM ane sarakAranuM savizeSa lakSa kheMcAyuM che, ane te eTale sudhI ke nArtha-vesTana preAvinsIjha ( vAyavya prAMta ) mAM A khAmI sarakAra taraphathI spaSTa rIte kabUla karavAmAM AvI che, ane e pUrI pADavA mATe khanatI sagavaDa karI ApavAmAM Avaze ema udAra klithI sarakAre jaNAvyAnuM kahevAya che. A rIte e sthaLe dhArmika keLavaNIne uttejana maLaze e nakkI thaI cUkyuM che. paNa A uparAMta vizeSa AnandanuM kAraNa ApaNane e maLyuM che ke ApaNA dhama mAM sauthI pavitra manAtA sthAnamAM--kAzImAM " senTrala hindu kAleja " e nAmathI eka mhoTI kAleja sthApavAmAM AvanAra che, je hAlamAM alhAAda yunivarsiTinA aMgamAM paDaze, paNa je jate divase, AkhA hindusthAnamAM enI zAkhAe sthapAI, eka svatantra yunivarsiTI thaI jaze ema dharAya che. 54 A kAlejanA uddeza evA che ke prAcIna adhyayanapaddhatine vartamAna kALane anukUla svarUpamAM upayegamAM laI, tene a+cIna zikSaNa sAthe joDI, sarva jJAnanA AdhArabhUta dhArmika jJAnane vidyArthIonA AtmAmAM sArI rIte sIcavuM--jethI laukika jJAna tAttvikauddezarahita ke svArthI ke mUla vinAnA vRkSa jevuM zuSka na thaI paDatAM, dharmajJAnarUpI amRtarasathI sIMcAI eka bhavya kalpataru samAna thaI rahe. A kAlejanI sthApanA mATe hiMdusthAne parApakArI ane utsAhI mAI enI besanTane AbhAra mAnavAnA che ane enuM ravarUpa traNe bhAge e khAIne hAthe ja ghaDAze, eTale A kAleja paNa prAcIna ane arvAcIna pAzcAtya ane atratya keTalAka uttama guNInA samudAya

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senTrala hidu koleja-banArasa pa65 rU5 thaze ema AzA rahe che. vaLI e bAInI madadamAM sara ramezacaMdra mitra jevA salAhakAra che eTale ayogya utsAhamAM kheMcAI javAze ema sAdhAraNa rIte keIe bahu bhaya rAkhavA jevuM nathI. tathApi amane eTalI dilagIrI che ke A yojanAne jasTisa rAnaDe ane DokTara bhAMDarakAra taraphathI anumodana maLyuM nathI. e be vidvAnI ane temAM vizeSa karIne mahAtmA rAnaDenI salAha A kAmamAM bahu ja upayogI thaI paData; eTaluM ja nahi paNa amane pitAne te A upakrama e mahAna puruSanI salAha vinA joIe tevuM svarUpa dhAraNa karaze ke nahi e viSe kAMIka za kA rahe che ema khullA dilathI kahyA vinA cAlatuM nathI. hAlamAM turata hiMdu dharmanA prAcIna jJAnabhaMDAramAMthI utkRSTa bodhadAyaka vacana kathAo ane prasaMgone saMgraha karI eka granthAvali racAvavAmAM AvanAra che ema saMbhaLAya che. A vize amAruM eTaluM kahevuM che ke - (1) A granthAvalimAM saMskRta bhASA uparAMta AkhA hiMdusthAnamAM bahudhA svIkArAelI evI bhASAomAMthI-kabIra tulasIdAsa AdinAM-vacanene paNa saMgraha kare joIe jethI dhArmika jJAna saMskRtamAM ja hAI zake evI abdha zraddhA dUra thAya tathA mAtra mukhapATha karavAne badale vastune hRdayamAM sAkSAtkAra karavA tarapha vidyArthIonuM vizeSa valaNa thAya. bane te jema saMskRtane abhyAsa karAvAya tema pAlIne paNa sAthe ja karAvAya te ThIka; tema na banI zake to pAlInuM saMskRtamAM svarUpAntara karI e bhASAmAM pratipAdita upadezone paNa vidyArthIone lAbha Apavo joIe. (2) bauddha ane jana dharmane paNa vizAla hadayathI A yojanAmAM samAveza karavo ghaTe che. kAraNa ke e dharmane upadeza mUlamAM brAhmadharmane aMge ja thayo hato. ane te te samayamAM pravartamAna aneka prakAranA kacarAne brAhmaNudharmanA pravAhamAMthI dUra karavAne e dharmo zaktimAna thayA che. (3) A dhArmika upadeza zAstrIo pAse ja apAvavAno vicAra hoya te e bhUla che. dhArmika bAdha sabaLa ane saphaLa karavAnuM sAdhAraNa niyama tarIke eka ja sAdhana che ane te e ke jeNe sArI viThatA tathA sAdhutA-(ubhaya Avazyaka che)-saMpAdana karI che evA vizALa AtmAnA saMnyAke hiMdu dharma mATe amAre A zabda che (juvo "ApaNe dharma pR. 6) brahmo dharmane brAhmadharma kahevaDAvavAne jarA paNa haka nathI. upaniSada UMDe abhyAsa na thaelo teve vakhate A bhUla thaelI jaNAya che. ,

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amAre bhAra hAthe kAma levuM sAdhAraNa tyAga kara vinA, tathA dhAmika sahi te, judA che bharatakhaMDanI buddhi pAchaLana pa66 senTralahiMdu koleja-anArasa sIo tathA jaina bhikSuo pAse upadeza apAvavo. AvA puruSo na maLI zake te pachI ucca keLavaNavALA vAnaprasthAzramI viThAne hAthe kAma levuM. saMnyAsa ane vAnaprastha Azrama upara amAre bhAra eTalA mATe che ke lAMbA dhArmika anubhava vinA, tathA e sAthe AvatI zAMti vinA, tathA asAdhAraNa tyAga vinA, dhArmika upadezamAM vizuddhi tathA baLa AvatAM nathI; tema ja, dharmanA viSayamAM kalahapriyatA paNa ghaNuM karI paramAtmAnuM dhAma samIpa AvyA vinA naSTa thatI nathI. (4) chevaTe, amAre eTaluM kahevuM joIe ke A granthAvali tathA dhArmika keLavaNInI sarva vyavasthA bahu vizALa hadayathI ane dIrdha dRSTithI thavI joIe. nahi te, judA judA dharma vacce aniSTa vireAdha thaze, tathA pariNAme hamaNAM ja svatannatA pAmelI bharatakhaMDanI buddhine punaH agyi zAstrazaMkhalA paherAvAze e asaMbhavita nathI. ApaNuM dezanA pAchaLanA kALanA andhakArane lIdhe aneka AcAravicAre, jene dharmanA tAtvika svarUpa sAthe bahu levA devA nathI ane jemAM manuSya buddhie ane ApaNA zAstrakAree paNa aneka matabheda darzAvyA che, tene dharmanuM ghaNIvAra Agraha pUrvaka tattva mAnavAmAM Ave che paraMtu tevA aMzone je A koleja dharmanI keLavaNamAM praveza karavA deze to tethI atyanta hAni thavAno saMbhava che. ema amArU mAnavuM che. ApaNe keTalAka vidvAna dezahitaiSIo paNa nIti ane dharmanI keLavaNI zALAmAM nahi paNa gRhamAM ja ApI zakAya ema darzAve che te kAMIka AvA ja bhayathI hovuM joIe. mi. jasTisa rAnaDee elekajhAnDrA garlaskUlamAM hamaNAM ja A mata upara bhAra mUkyo che, tathA zALAmAM dhAmika zikSaNa ApavA viruddha keTalAka vicAro darzAvelA pratIta thAya che; paraMtu temAM paNa uparanA bhayanI dRSTie ja emanuM ema kahevuM thayuM haze ema anumAna karavuM ghaTe che. strIkeLavaNuM nIti sudhAravAnA sAdhanamAMnuM eka makhya sAdhana che e karatAM AgaLa jaI, dhArmika keLavaNuM sarvathA nirarthaka che ema pratipAdana karavAne emane abhiprAya hAya ema mAnavAne kAraNu nathI. kemake AjathI traNeka varSa upara vilsana kolejamAM eka prasaMge belatAM e vidvAne ja ApaNe kaoNleja-vidyArthIonA dharma prati anAdara saMbaMdhe bahu zoka darzAvyo hato, tathA dharmane abhyAsa sthala daSTie game te nirarthaka lAge paNa sUkSma vicAra karatAM enuM bahu ja prajana che ema spaSTatAthI

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- senTrala hiMdu koleja_banArasa 567 jaNAvyuM hatuM. A sarva jotAM A prasaMge e mahAtmAnuM tAtparya dhArmika keLavaNurUpI sAdhya viruddha nahi paNa enA sAdhanaviruddha hatuM ema kalpavuM cogya che. tyAre je dhArmika keLavaNI apAya e sarvAnumate ISTa che te pachI e zALAmAM ApavI ke gRhamAM e bIjo prazna che. gRhamAM dhAmika-zikSaNa ApavuM ja joIe e nisaMzaya che kemake gRhane A viSayamAM e ane dezI saMbaMdha che ke jeTalI asara e karI zake che ene dazAMza paNa zALA karI zake ema nathI; ane A jotAM, UcharatAM bALakane gRhamAM dharmazikSaNa vinA rahevA daI zALAnI khAmI kADhanAra mAbApane cheDe deSa nathI paraMtu eka taraphathI gRhakeLavaNInI AvazyakatA svIkArI, tathA zALA dvArA je dhArmika zikSaNa apAya emAM pUrvokta bhaya rahe che enuM smaraNa rAkhI, tathA kavitA ane dharma zIkhavyAM zIkhavAtAM nathI e vAta paNa keTaleka aMze satya che eTaluM kabUla karI, amAre eTaluM UmeravuM joIe ke A sAthe ja bIjI taraphathI zALA-keLavaNInI taNamAM nIcenA vicAre dhyAnamAM levAnA che, je e keLavaNInI sarvathA viruddha mata dharAvanArA vidvAne prati atyanta mAnapura sara ame atre mUkIe chIe. eka te gRhamAM dharma enA samasta baMdhAelA svarUpamAM ja daSTi AgaLa skure che. paraMtu enA kAraNusvarUpAdine vicAra karavAne gRhamAM sAdhAraNa rIte avakAza raheto nathI, ane tethI ghaNukavAra dharmane akAraNa bhAnI bAlake e tarapha upekSAdaSTie juve che. gRhakeLavaNInI A khAmI pUrI pADavA mATe zALAnI jarUra che. bIjuM, jyAre iMgleMDa jevA dezamAM paNa A prakAranI keLavaNI mATe kevaLa graha upara AdhAra rAkhavAmAM Avato nathI, te pachI hiMdusthAnane mATe apavAda zA mATe hovo joIe ? hiMdusthAnamAM paraspara vireAdhI aneka dharmo che e kharI vAta che. paNa amane lAge che ke virodha zamAvavAne eka mArga ja A che ke ucca prakAranI-dharmanA sAmAnya svarUpanI- vidyArthIone keLavaNuM ApavI; jethI paraspara mAnabharI daSTie--dharmanA viSayamAM bedarakArIthI nahi paNa mAnabharI daSTie--teo jotAM zIkhe. trIjuM, pAThazALAmAM laukika zikSaNanI sAthe sAthe dhArmika zikSaNa ApavAthI lAbha e che ke dharma ane laukikajJAna paraspara saMbaMdhamAM AvI, paraspara ghasAIgya samanvaya pAme che.

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pa68 senTrala hiMdu koleja_banArasa vaLI, A dhArmika keLavaNunI bAbatamAM hiMdusthAnanivAsI badhI : kAmamAM amane hiMduo ja sauthI vadhAre kamanasIba lAge che. kAraNa . ke aMgrejone mATe svadharmazikSaNapuraHsara laukika zikSaNa ApanArI atre aneka kaleje che ane musalamAne mATe paNa sara siyada ahamadanA bhagIratha prayatnane pariNAme aligaDha pAThavALA sthapAI che, jemAM dhArmika zikSaNa mATe spaSTa dejanA che ane e pAThazALAne vistAra karavA haja prayatna jArI che. kharuM che ke pArasIo mATe AmAMnuM kAMI nathI. paNa pArasIonI saMkhyA bahu DI che, ane je ke hAlamAM emane dhArmika keLavaNu maLavA bhATe pAThazALAomAM goThavaNa nathI, te paNa jate divase e saMbaMdhI kAMIka vicAra thayA vinA raheze nahi; kAraNa ke e utsAhI kema che, ane ekavAra e bAbata emanA lakSamAM cAMTI te pachI e khAmI dUra karavAmAM jarA paNa vilaMba thaze nahi e nisaMzaya che. tyAre TUMkAmAM A koleja saMbaMdhe amAre namra abhiprAya evo che ke hiMdusthAnanA kharA uddhArane maMtra A rUpe daSTigocara thayo che, paNa te yogya vidhipuraHsara prAjavAmAM Ave to ja sArI rIte thatAM enAthI jeTalo lAbha dhAravAmAM Ave che teTaluM ja kharAba rIte thatAM nukasAna thavA saMbhava che. nukasAna na thatAM lAbha thAya ene AdhAra A yajJanA vijenA upara che. sarvane AdhAra hiMdusthAnanA adaSTa upara che. [sudarzana, juna 1899] ume chIe to che ja, paratuM nathI. prati utsAha * AmAM ame navIna zuM kahyuM? eTaluM ja ke A asAdhAraNa bArIkIne prasaMga che, ane AthI kevaLa lAbha mAnI jeo AnaMdamAM AvI jatA hoya temane enI sAthe ja joDAelA asAdhAraNa jokhama upara lakSa rAkhavA vinaMti che. sAmAnya rIte te ame A upakramane stutya mAnIe chIe ja. amAruM kahevuM kadAca keTalAkane mandastuti jevuM lAgaze. mandastuti te che ja, paraMtu amArI daSTie e ja satya ane vyApya dIse che eTale te kahyA vinA cAlatuM nathI. prakRta viSayanI amArI prazaMsA kAMIka maMda che eTalA uparathI amAre brAhmadharma prati utsAha paNa manda che ema anumAna karanArane amAre eTale ja uttara che ke amane amArA (brAhma)dharma upara atyanta-amAruM hRdaya dhAraNa karI zake teTale

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ApaNA dhArmika ddAranA mArga 3 ApaNA dhArmika dhArmika uAranA mArge 59 tr ( " International Journal of Ethics ''-'InTarnezanala jarnala opha ethiksa' e nAmanA patramAM mi. e. I. Telara nAme eka gRhasthe " Mind and Nature ''C/C/ manuSyahRdaya ane prakRti "----e nAmanA eka lekha lakhyo che. emAM, prakRtinI manuSyahRdaya upara kevI spaSTa asara thAya che, prakRti manuSya sAthe kevI vAtacIta karI rahI che, e batAvyuM che. e gRhastha tyAM sudhI kahe che ke jaDa gaNAtI prakRti vastutaH cetana padArthInA eka samAja rUpa che--jemAMnA darekane jJAnanI ane icchAprayatnanI zakti cheH "Nature, too, if its independent existence is to be anything more than a mere word, must be in reality a society of percipient and conative subjects. Either this, or a mere assemblage of ideas in my head'; there is no third possibility which can SO much as be stated in intelligible language. " 11 "Few of us can have gone through life without some experience of those special moods in which the aspects of external Nature are found to correspond marvellously with our own moral being. Whatever pedants may say to the contrary, it is a certain fact that there are aspects of Nature which have an inexplicable sympathy with all that is purest, kindliest and most strenuous in our own human nature. If you doubt it, try the effect of a morning alone in a firewood in early summer, and you will find that bhAva che, brAhmadhA punaruddhAra jovA amArA bandhuone jeTalI utsuktA haze teTalI ja amane paNa che. paraMtu utsAhanA pUramAM taNAI khaDaka upara athaDAvA ame rAjI nathI. mAtra khaDakInuM astitva svIkArI e svIkArAnusAra vartana rAkhavAthI ja zreya che eTalu sUcavavAthI utsAhanI mandatA jaNAtI haiAya te te apavAda sahana karavA ame taiyAra chIe. R

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ApaNA dhArmika ddAranA mArge Wordsworth's lines about the moral effects of an impulse from a vernal wood are no mere idle fancy. You may not, strictly speaking, learn any new proposition in the moral sciences from a morning spent with the Mother in one of these moods, but indisputably you come away with all that makes for goodness and truth in you strengthened by the encounter.........Now it is easy to dismiss facts like these as the effects of imagination; but the problem they present is not to be got rid of in any such summary way." 570 atre jaNAvelI prakRtinI ( khAdya prakRtinI ) cetanatA ApaNA zAstromAM hu spaSTa rIte svIkArelI cheH prakRtinA pratyeka padArthanI * abhimAnI devatA' hAya che e vicAra ApaNA dezamAM bhAgye ja kAI ne ajANyA haze. prakRtinI manuSyahRdaya upara gUDha ane avarNa asara che e siddhAnta upara, ApaNAM zAstromAM upadezelI dhArmika DeLavaNInA mhoTA bhAga racAelA che. A kAraNathI ja zAstromAM nadI--parvata--samudra Adi sthAne tIrtho sthApyAM che, zarad vasanta Adi RtuyajJanI vyavasthA bAMdhI che, ane manehara rIte manuSyane prakRtinI sAthe nikaTa saMbandhamAM lAve evAM vrata-pUjanAdika kalpyAM che. amane lAge che ke jyArathI A dezamAM, mAtra khAdya vidhi rahIne, prakRti sAthe manuSyahRdayanA jIvanta saMbandha bandha thayA, tyArathI ApaNI dhArmika avanati zarU thaI. hajI hajArA hindu badarikAzrama-narmadAtaTa-geAdAvarI-paMcavaTI AdinI yAtrA kare che, Azvina mAsamAM navAMkura rUpe jagadaMbAnuM yajana kare che, navIna dhAnya devane dharAvI pAte jame che, pUrNa candranuM lalita rIte pUjana kare che, kArtikI pUrNimAe yAtrAe jAya che ane saritsaMgamamAM nhAya che, ane e ja pramANe traNe RtumAM bhinna bhinna rIte prakRti dvArA paramAtmAne pAmavA yatna kare che-- chatAM e sarva yatne niSphaLa jatA lAge che. enuM kAraNa eTaluM ja ke have e jaDa vidhi thaI rahyA cheH ApaNA leAkeA 'prakRti' evA padArtha je bhAgye samaje che, enI samakSa manuSyahRdaya khulluM mukI emAM prakRtine pavitra anila zI rIte bharaveA e te sarvathA bhUlI gayA che. uparanA 'common--place' --taddana sAdhAraNa--lAgatA aMgrejI

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dezAntanI dhArmika sthiti pahan UtArAne digadarzana mATe upayogamAM levAmAM amAre udeza ATale namra abhiprAya vAcaka AgaLa mUkavAne che. te e ke amArA dhAravA pramANe prArthanA-samAja brahma-samAja AryasamAja Adi dhArmika sudhArAnI saMsthAo kheTe bhAge yatna kare che-mUrti pUjA beTI che, vrata-vatIlAM cheTAM che, purANa boTAM che, brAhmaNo svArthI hatA, emaNe ja hindustAna DUbAvyuM che ityAdi vicArathI ApaNo dhAmika uddhAra kadI paNa thavAne nathI. ApaNI prAcIna dharmavyavasthA bahu uttama siddhAnta upara racAelI che, e vyavasthA bAMdhanAra, traSijanene manuSyanI dhArmikatA khIlavavAnAM asaMkhya mArgo anubhavathI paricita hatA--ene pUrNa lAbha le e ApaNuM kartavya che. bIjI koI prajAnA pUrvajoe emanA bAlake mATe ATalI badhI dharmasamRddhi mUkI, nathI, ane ApaNe e dharmasamRddhine lAbha laI na jANue, ene nakAmI gaNuM phekI daIe te ApaNuM jevA koI ja mUrkha nahi. ApaNI prAcIna saMpradAyakAta dharmavyavasthA choDI na detAM, ucca saMskAra prApta karI e vyavasthAnuM pUrNa rahasya samajavuM, ane e vyavasthAnI jIvanta asara nIca AvavuM--e ja ApaNuM dhAmika uddhArane khare bhAge lAge che. [vasanta, mAgha 159] dezAtranI dhArmika sthiti hAlanA iTAlinI dhArmika sthiti viSe lakhatAM, eka lekhaka IglaDanAM ane iTAlinAM gAmaDAMnA lokenI dhArmika sthiti nIce pramANe sarakhAve che- "With all allowance for a considerable minority who have rejected Christianity, there can be no doubt that by far the greater part of the Italian people profess and practise the Catholic religion. - The churches are numerous and generally well attended......... There is something beautiful and touching in the unanimity of an Italian village in matters of religion. The English visiter may be moved to righteous envy when he observes the whole population flocking together to the house of God, and

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dezAntarAnI dhArmika sthiti compares with this pleasant scene some village at home, where a greater part of the population spends the Sunday morning in bed, and the rest of the day in the public-house or at the street corner; where those who worship, worship in hostile church or chapel; where most of those who worship in church think they have fulfilled the obligations of Sunday by listening to Matins, and where only a tiny minority offer the the Lord's Service on the Lord's day.'' tAtparya ke kathAlika iTAlinA gAmaDAomAM leAkAje utsAhathI devaLamAM ekaThA thAya che, ane AkhA gAmaDAmAM dharmanI je ekatA hAya che--emAMnuM preTisTanTa iMglaMDamAM kAMI ja jovAmAM AvatuM nathIH iMgleMDanA gAmaDAmAM joze te ravivAre havAre keTalAka hajI te pathArImAM ja paDelA haze ! bAkInA divasa kalAlanA dharamAM athavA eve ja kharAma ThekANe gALatA haze ! keTalAka eka saMpradAyanA devaLamAM jaze teA khIjA khIjA saMpradAyanA devaLamAM jaze, ane prArthanA saMgIta sAMbhaLyuM eTale ravivAranuM kartavya pUruM thayuM ! pArakAnI adhArmikatAthI pAtAnI adhArmiktAnA bacAva kare e hRdaya adhamamAM adhama hevuM joI eH evA upayegane mATe ame uparanA UtArA ApyA nathI. ame AmAMthI je upadeza kADhavA mAgIe chIe te e che OM (1) iMgla'DamAM krizcayana dharma kharAbara paLAya che, ane ApaNA deza ja adhArmikatAthI bharelA che evA vicArathI ApaNA dhArmika ddAra paratve nirAza na thatAM, emAM je je sudhArA karavA jevA che e utsAha pUrvaka karavA joie; (2) bIjI eka vAta e samajavAmAM Ave che ke svatantra vicArapradhAna dharmathI dhArmika aikyane bhaMga thAya che, ane vyavasthitasaMpradAyasiddh dharmanuM anusaraNa A aikyane anukUla che. A kathAlika dharmanuM preATesTaMTa dharmAMthI caDhatApaNuM--mATe dharmanI jaDatA dUra thAya eTale aMze vicAranA praveza thavA daI, sAmAnya leAkane mATe amuka vyavasthita dharma rahe e ThIka che;x (3) manuSyahradaya evuM vizALa gaMbhIra ane anekatAnuM bhareluM che ke pUra * mi. cArlsa khUtha jevA eka preTesTanTa lekhaka paNa laMDananA dharmo saMbandhI enA eka navA pustakamAM zamana kaeNthAlika dharmanI keTalIka utkRSTatA nIce pramANe kabUla kare cheH-~

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dezAntarenI dhAmaka sthiti paha? ' ene svAbhAvika rIte vikasavA detAM ja emAMthI vividha prakAranA dhArmika bhAvo udbhavI Ave che, ane A rIte vividha dharmapathe ane saMpradAya janma pAme che. paNa e sarva paMtha-saMpradAyanI pAchaLa dhArmika ekatA hovI joIe. ApaNe tyAM AvA aneka paMthe hovA chatAM, AvI ekatA saMpAdana karavI azakya nathI. ApaNe keLavAelo varga ItihAsadRSTie joze te ApaNuM sarva paM -jaina ane bauddha dharma suddhAM-maLI eka ja dharmasaritAne pravAha bane che. ane ApaNo abhaNa varga paNa "sarva vanamaH phAuM bati ati " e sUtranuM rahasya-bhagavAna badhA ekanA eka" e vAta-sArI rIte samaje che. [vasanta, mAgha saMvata 1959] " The reality of the power of the Church of Rome is as remarkable with the cultivated classes as with the rougher, with the educated as well as ignorant, with those who have all worldly advantages no less than with those who have none, For poor and rich alike, their religion seems to be their greatest possession. True religion, however met, brings with it this equality before God. Among those of rank wealth and fashion, whether heriditary Catholics or newly won converts, their faith enters into, and I think, governs their lives to a degree rare among Protestants." (Vol. VII. p. 249 ) arthAta mana kethalika dharma garIba ane tavaMgara sarva upara eka sarakhI rIte kharI prabaLa dhArmika asara kare che. remana kethalika dharmanI A utkRSTatA upara khAsa bhAra mUkavAnuM kAraNa eTaluM ja ke remana kethalika dharma ApaNuM dharma sAthe ghaNI bAbatamAM sAmya dharAve che ane ApaNuM dharma jevo ja vahemI' manAya che, chatAM "hemI" manAtA dharmamAM kharuM dhArmika baLa proTesTaMTa jevA zuSka dharma karatAM vadhAre hoya che e tarapha dhArmika sudhAro karavA IcchanAra janee lakSa devA jevuM che.

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pa74 dharma-zikSaNa - dharma-zikSaNa ApaNuM vartamAna keLavaNamAM dharmazikSaNanI khAmI che evI phariyAda AjakAla cAre taraphathI saMbhaLAya che. paNa e phariyAda TALavAnA mArga bahu sahelA nathI. ApaNA paradhama rAjyakartAoe dharmatATasthanuM vrata lIdhuM che eTale teo taraphathI sarakArI zALAmAM dharmazikSaNa dAkhala karI zakAya ema nathI. dezI rAjyamAM e dAkhala karI zakAya-paNa anekadharmI vidyArthIonI zALAmAM mAtra sAmAnya dharmanA mULa tattanuM tAraNa ke aitihAsika nirUpaNa te uparAMta adhika sAdhya nathI-ane temAM paNa keI dharmavALAonI leza paNa lAgaNuM na duHkhAya evI saMbhALa laI kAma karavuM ati kaThina che. paNa kharI dhArmika pragati mATe ATaluM zikSaNa basa nathI. sarva dharmanAM sAmAnya to jevAM e dhAmika udAratA saMpAdana karavA mATe sAruM che-paNa ema karanAranI vAstavika sthiti pagathI vinAnA vizALa medAnamAM cotarapha najara nAkhatAM UbhelA manuSyanA jevI che; dhArmika prayANa karavA mATe te amuka dhorI pano svIkAra karavAnI jarUra che. tame pUchazo ke vartamAna samayamAM vaLI pantha kevA? Ane uttara huM eTalo ja ApIza ke dareka jaNa pitApitAnI khAnagI galI kADhe te karatAM gherI pantha" cAlyo jAya e paramArthane prApta karavAne vadhAre sahelo ane sahIsalAmata bhArga che. pavana khaDaka sAmo vAte heya te evA pavanamAM paNa ApaNe heDI nAMkhI ene khaDaka sAthe athaDAvA devI ema mAruM kahevuM nathI. paNa yAjJavakya-vyAsa-zuka-nArada-mahAvIra-buddha-zaMkara rAmAnuja-vallabha Adi ApaNuM prasiddha prAcIna nAvikone ApaNuM naukA pIe te khaDakane jarA paNa bhaya nathI. teo kuzaLa nAvike che, bhavasAgaramAMthI asaMkhya cho emaNe tAryA che, ane ApaNane paNa tAravA samartha che. paNa tema thavA mATe ApaNe eonA sAmarthyamAM daDha zraddhA joIe. ApaNe zALAonA zikSaNamAM A mahAtmAo sAthe ApaNuM kAMIka oLakhANa karAvavAmAM Ave che-paNa e zikSaNa kevaLa buddhinI bhUmikAmAM hAI e thakI samapa Nane bhAva ApaNumA preravAmAM AvatuM nathI. paNa jema manane AtmA nivedana karyA vinA prabhunI mIThAzane anubhava thata nathI tema upara kahelA nAvikene ApaNe kara soMpyA vinA teomAM Apane udAravAnuM kevuM baLa che e samajAtu nathI.

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dharma-zikSaNa pa75 A jAtanuM samarpaNu utpanna karavA mATe teonA granthAtmAnuM ApaNane aharahaH parizIlana joIe. e parizIlana karAvavA mATe khAsa dhArmika zALAo joIe. zALAo te kevaLa bALakone mATe ja nahi paNa yuvAna ane vRddha janene mATe paNa joIe, kAraNa ke prabhunA jJAnamAM sau bALaka ja chIe. enA upadeSTA puruSo te mAsika pagAranI dRSTivALA zikSake ke dhana sattA AdinI eSaNAothI bharelA ardhasaMskArI AcAryo nahi; paNa sAduM jIvana gALatA, ane aitidina pitAne dhArmika anubhava vadhAre ucca gaMbhIra ane vizALa karatA jatA-evA paropakArI vidvAna sajajane joIe. tame vAjabI prazna karI zakaze ke ApaNuM vartamAna adhogatinI avasthAmAM AvA sAdhu puru kyAMthI lAvavA? Ane uttara huM eTalo ja ApIza ke e ja zALAomAMthI evA puruSo nIkaLaze; vartamAnanA vidyAthIo e ja bhaviSyanA kharA guruo banaze. ane mArA uttaramAM anyonyAzraya doSa bhAsate hoya te te sahI lejo kAraNa ke jagatane saghaLe vyavahAra a nyAzrathI ja siddha che. eka vakhata game te padArthane ojAra banAvI khANa khode, pachI e khANamAMthI letuM nIkaLaze tenI kedALI banAvIzu, ane e kedALAthI vizeSa khANa khedIzuM. koI paNa kArya zarU karatI vakhate, e uttama rIte thAya te ja zarU karavuM evo Agraha laIne besIe te eka paNa sAruM kAma thaI zake nahi. je sAdhane maLI zake tene upayoga karIne, paNa ucca bhAvanA rAkhIne zarUAta karIe to AjanuM sAdhya te kAlanuM sAdhana bane, ane dina para dina sAdhana ane sAdhya ubhayane uttarottara sudhAre thatuM jAya. mATe ApaNuM dharmane ane te sAthe ApaNu dezane udaya IcchanAra dareka janane amArI namra vinaMti che ke dharma zikSaNa mATe-vRthA carcAmAM kALa na gALatAM-ogya khAnagI zALAo ( divasamAM mAtra eka kalAka upadeza Ape te basa evI zALAo) sthApe. ane enA nibhAva mATe udAra zrImatonI tema ja ApaNu lAkhanI upajavALAM dharmAdAsthAne--jenA dravya upara ApaNe ja hakaka che-tenI madada lo. paNa ekalI zALAethI ja ApaNuM dhArmika sthiti sudharI jaze ema AzA rAkhazo nahi. gRha jevI dhArmika zikSaNanI bIjI zALA nathI. bAhya zALAomAM pustakadvArA je zikSaNa maLe che te gRhamAM jIvanadvArA maLe che; pustake je khulAsA nahi karI zakyAM hoya te gRhajIvana karaze. prabhu karuNabhaya chatAM manuSyane zira duHkha kema nAMkhate haze-ityAdi zaMkAonuM samAdhAne je uttama tArkike nahi karI zakyA hoya te -bALakane esiDa bhAra ApaNA (aa mATe kathA karanArI

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prakRti ane gAMTha na Ave, chatI pa76 dharma-zikSaNa pAtI ke vAMka mATe bhArIne retI mAtA, ane mAra khAdhA chatAM mAtAne vaLagavA jatuM ane enA ja kheALAmAM rAIne sUI jatuM bALaka, darzana mAtrathI karI deze. vaLI bAhya vyavahAranA jagatamAM paNa je jIvana paDadA ane pIDAthI DhaMkAeluM rahe che te gRhamAM khulluM-kAMIpaNa zaMkA ke bhaya rahita, svarUpamAM dekhAya che, ane yogIo antarmukha thaI vRttionuM je paryAlacana kare che te gRhamAM eka bALaka paNa sahaja rIte haratAM pharatAM ramatAM jamatAM karI le che. mATe gRhajIvana prabhu vinAnuM na rAkho. prakRtimAM prabhune nivAsa na hoya te prakRti kevI zunya ane artharahitachinnabhinna ane gAMDI-banI jAya ! tema gRhamAM paNa prabhunA vAsa vinA zUnyatA ane vyarthatA ja Ave, dekhItI samRddhi ane jAherajalAlI paNa antaramAM dAridraya ane jhAMkhapa vinA anya na hoya. lakSmI ane sattAthI jhagamagatAM dilhI rema ane IrAna jevAM mahArAje emAMthI prabhune vAsa UThI gayo tenI sAthe-dhULabhegAM thaI gayAM, to ApaNuM nhAnuM sarakhuM ghara-kheraDuM te zA hisAbamAM ? mATe ApaNuM gRhajIvanamAM je nAstitA ane pramAda AvyAM che tene ekadama dUra kare. A dhArmika keLavaNuM prApta karavAnI ane karAvavAnI mukhya pharaja navuM zikSaNa pAmelA (greDayueTa) varganI che. e vargane cheDeka bhAga jene kAMI paNa dhArmika bhUkha hoya che te "samAja ke thisophi tarapha vaLe che. ane jo ke dharmarahita jIvana gALavA karatAM A valaNa ghaNe darajaje sAruM che, tathApi eTaluM te kahevuM joIe ke thiyesephi e dharma nathI paNa dharmanuM phakta eka daSTibindu che; ane "samAne dharma te jIvana nibhAve e auiSTika khorAka nathI, paNa mAtra kaMTha bhIne kare evuM pAtaLuM pANI che. bIjuM rUpaka laIe te cAmaDInI ane paMcamahAbhUtanA jIvanta dehanI vacce jeTalo phera che teTalo "samAja" nA dharmanI ane sanAtana dharmanI vacce che. mATe amArA graMzueTa badhuone amArI vinaMti zuddha sanAtana dharmane jIvanamAM utArI enA rasa ane enA baLane anubhava karavAnI che. pAmaramAM pAmara dekhAto abhaNa kheDuta ke potAnI dhArmika pharaja visarI adhogati pAmelo gAmaDAno brAhmaNa sarve amArA badhuo che-chatAM ame greDayueTane A kArya mATe amArA khAsa badhuo mAnI vinaMti karIe chIe, tenuM kAraNa e ke e vargethI ja sanAtana dharmane kharekhara uddhAra thaI zakaze ema amAruM mAnavuM che. jagatanuM vartamAna jIvana teo ja jANe che, ane sanAtana dharmane ajJAnanA mAMthI kADhI kyAM mUke enuM kharuM sthAna teo

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bhAvi ane puruSArtha pa77 ja samaje che. paNa greDayueTa varganuM Ama gAra karavAmAM ame teonI vartamAna sthiti vIsarIzuM nahi. barka--bekana ke kemisTi-ajIbrAnA adhyayanathI bala Tenisana varDajhavarthanA dhArmika cintanathI paNa, pUrvokta kArya karavAne adhikAra pApta thatuM nathI, thavAne nathI. pazcimanI prabaLa prajAonuM dhArmika jIvana zenAthI poSAya che e vicAraze te jaNAze ke ApaNI yunivarsiTimAM zikSaNa apAya che tevuM zikSaNa pazcimanI prajAmAM vyAvahArika jIvanamAM ja upayogamAM levAya che--jo ke tyAM paNuM vyavahAramAM joItuM naitika ane dhArmika baLa te anyatrathI ja Ave che. Tenisana varDajhavartha AdinAM dhArmika cintane paNa jeTale aMze e prajAnI prAcIna dhArmika bhAvanA upara adhika prakAza pADe che teTale ja aMze e upayogI thAya che. arthAta, bAIbala uparanA upadeze, tathA jIsasa e manuSya jAtine uddhAranAra sAkSAta prabhu che evo nizaMka vizvAsa--e ja e prajAonI naitika ane dhArmika baLa pUranAra zakitao che te ja pramANe ApaNu greDayueTa paNa jyAre ApaNuM prAcIna grantha laI, te upara attaranAM teja ane utsAhathI bhaya vyAkhyAne Apaze, ane kRNuka e sAkSAta paramAtmA che ema emanAM hadayo sAcI zraddhA dharaze-tyAre ja ApaNuM dezane dhArmika uddhAra karavAnuM baLa emanAmAM Avaze. [vasanta, phAlgana 1966 ] bhAvi ane puruSArtha elphinsToniyana"--patranA gayA aMkamAM, mi. ovana nAme eka jUnA vArA-(i. sa. 1857) nA elaphinsTana kolejanA prophesara viSe Do. bhAMDArakaranAM smaraNa prasiddha thayAM che. emAM e prophesaranA itihAsa ane tattvajJAnane lagatAM bhASaNanuM smaraNa karatAM Do. bhAMDArakara kahe che- * kRNu paramAtmA che ema kahevAmAM, rAma ke ziva, jagadaMbA ke mahAvIra keIna niSedha amane vivakSita nathIH "NuM" e te ame mAtra udAharaNarUpa nAma lIdhuM che; tAtparya kahevAnuM e che ke je nAma upara tamAruM hadaya sAcA bhAvathI lAge te nAmane tamArA jIvanane manca karI japa ane japA. je nAmane avalamba karaze te sarva vyApaka hoI anya sarva nAme pitAmAM samAvI leze. S3.

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578 bhAvi ane puruSArtha "Butler's arguments were explained to us in a clear and impressive manner and the great lesson that Prof. Owen endeavoured to impress upon our minds was that in judging of the course of events in human history one should not be led away by a fatalistic principle and say that such and such a man did a certain thing because he could not help doing it but should meet out praise or blame for his action on the supposition that he was a responsible individual." tAtparya ke ItihAsanA banAvomAM amuka sAruM ke huM kRtya thavAnuM hatuM ne thayuM ema na samajavuM; manuSya bhAvithI baMdhAIne pApapuNya kare che ema na dhAravuM; vastutaH enAmAM svataMtratA che, ane tethI sArA khoTAnI javAbadArI paNa che. have A vAkayamAM bhAvi ane puruSArthanA jhaghaDAne je ullekha karyo che temAM UMDA UtarI samasta viSayanuM zAstrIya nirUpaNa karavuM e eka hAnI prAsaMgika noMdhamAM asthAne che. te uparAMta e cacI enI upayogitAnI dRSTie jotAM jotAM atyAre niSNajana paNa che; kAraNa ke puruSArthavAdanA cAlu jamAnAmAM e vAtanuM samarthana karavAnI jarUra rahI nathI, ane je bhAvi che te te thavAnuM ja che, eTale bhAvivAdanA samarthanathI bhAvine paNa kAMI lAbha thaI zake ema nathI. paraMtu uparanuM vAkya vAMcI svAbhAvika rIte eka prazna thaI Ave che ke emAM samAlo bodha hindu vidyArthIone mATe utkRSTa haze? ema hoya to eka rIte jarA Azcarya jevuM che, kAraNa ke hitopadeza ane paMcatannanA vAcakane paNa atyAre suvidita che ke ApaNA prAcIna pustakamAM puruSArthavAdanuM puSkaLa samarthana che. mahAbhAratamAM dhRtarASTranA pAtradvArA vyAse e ja upadeza karyo che ke nirbaLa manuSya jyAre jyAre adhama kRtio AgaLa namI paDe che tyAre diSTi' yAne bhAvi tarapha e AMgaLI kare che, ane e ja rIte enA 1 mahAbhAratamAM dhRtarASTra pote asatyakathanane prasaMgamAM vyAsajIe deza karanAra yudhiSThira pAse bhAvi upara AMgaLI mUkAvI nathI. vyAsajIe ja Azcaryacakti thaI athavA bhAvi taNuM ja prabhAve" ema udgAra kADho che e yAnamAM rAkhavuM A bheda mahattvane ane khUbIdAra che.

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bhAvi ane puruSArtha pa79 AtmAne dina para dina adhaHpAta thato jAya che. gavAsiSTha rAmAyaNa, to puruSakAranA pratipAdana mATe ja racAeluM che ema kahIe to cAle. eTaluM ja nahi, paNa karmanA siddhAnta sAthe A bhAvivAda joDavAmAM Ave che e paNa yathArtha nathI. mULa karmane siddhAnta upaniSadamAM jyAM pratipAdana thayo che tyAM e vaDe puruSakArane mahimA siddha karavAne ja Azaya che. "hadAraNyakamAM bhAga yAjJavakyane pUche cheH "he yAjJavakya! mANasa marI jAya che tyAre enI vAcA agnimAM, prANa vAyumAM, cakSa AdityamAM, mana candramAM, zotra dizAomAM, zarIra pRthvImAM, AtmA AkAzamAM, ruMvAM oSadhimAM, vALa vanaspatimAM, lohI-dhAtu jaLamAM laya pAme che-tyAre A puruSa kayAM rahe che?" tyAre yAjJavalkaye ArtabhAgane kahyuM ApaNe be ja A jANazuM; leka A na jANe." pachI be jaNAe bIjI pAsa jaIne vicAra karyo, ane nirNaya karyo ke muvA pachI manuSya enA karmamAM ja rahe che. Ama karmanI prazaMsA karI; ane TharAvyuM ke manuSya sArA karmathI sAre thAya che, ane beTAthI peTe thAya che. vaLI e ja upaniSamAM AgaLa jatAM paNa kahyuM che ke "manuSya jevuM kare, jevuM Acare -te te thAya che. sAruM karyuM e sAre thAya che, khoTuM karyuM e be thAya che; sArA karmathI sAre thAya che, khoTAthI kheTe thAya che. tema ja kahe che ke "A puruSa (manuSya), kAmamaya-kAma (IcchA) ne banela che. jevI enI IcchA te eno saMkalpa (prayatna), ane jevo ene saMkalpa tevuM tene karma, ane jevuM karma tevI gati.'" arthAta atre karmavAda manuSyane sArA khoTAne javAbadAra karavA mATe che, e javAbadArI kADhI nAMkhI kapALe AMgaLI mUkavA mATe nathI. 2 ju mAruM "mahAbhAratanuM upadeza rahasya- (ApaNe dharma-5. pa13) 3 vasiSThaH-sarvameveha hi sadA saMsAre raghunandana / samyaka prayatnAt sarveNa pauruSAt samavApyate // rAma-prAktanaM vAsanAjAlaM niyojayati mAM ythaa| mune tathaiva tiSThAmi kRpaNaH kiM karomyaham / / vasiSThaH-ata eva hi he rAma zreyaH prApnoSi zAzvatam / svaprayatnopanItena pauruSeNaiva nAnyathA / zubhAzubhAbhyAM mArgAbhyAM vahantI vAsanAsarit / pauruSeNa prayatnena yojanIyA zubhe pathi / /

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580 bhAvi ane puruSArtha A karmano siddhAnta hindudharmanI traNe zAkhAomAM-brAhmaNa bauddha ane jaina traNe avAntara dharmamAM-mAnya che. tathApi emAMnI chellI bemAM enuM khAsa prAdhAnya che, kAraNa ke emAM IzvaranuM astitva svIkAryuM nathI ane karmane ja phaladAtA gaNyuM che; vaLI bauddha dharmamAM te punarjanma mATe AtmA paNa rAye nathI, ane mAtra karmamAM ja manuSyanuM Atmatva samAvI dIdhuM che. gautamabuddha pitAne "mavAvI ane "jiricavAlI -karmavAdI ane kriyAvAdI jaNAve che. vaLI A sthaLe jainadharmanA itihAsamAMthI mahAvIrasvAmI ane emanA sAmA pakSanA saMkha(bhakha)liputra gAzAlanA siddhAntanI sarakhAmaNane eka prasaMga utArIe-jemAMthI karmanA siddhAnta mATe bahu AgrahI gaNAtA jainadharmamAM paNa puruSakArane kevo mahimA che e samajavAmAM Avaze - kuMDaliya nAme eka mahAvIra svAmIne upAsaka hato te ekavAra madhyAhane azoka vRkSanI chAyAmAM beThA hatA. tyAM eka deve AvI ene kahyuM: "he bhAI kuMDaliya! gozAlane evo siddhAnta che ke-udyoga ke karma ke bala ke vIrya ke jene puruSakAra-parAkrama kahIe evuM kAMI ja nathI; sarva padArtha niyati yAne bhAvithI nakkI thaI cUkelA che. zramaNa bhagavAna mahAvIrane AthI ulaTa siddhAnta che. e kahe che ke udyoga karma bala virya puruSakAra-parAkrama evuM che, ane sarva padArtha niyata yAne bhAvithI nakkI thaI cUkelA che ema kAMI nathI. A bemAM gesalane siddhAnta sAre che, mahAvIrane kheTe che." - kaMDaliye uttara ApeH "he deva! je tame kaho cho ke udyoga karma bala virya purupakAra parAkrama evuM kAMI che ja nahi, ane sarva padArtho bhAvithI nakkI thaI cUkelA che evo zAlano siddhAnta ja khare che, ane udyoga karma bala vIrye puruSakAra-parAkramanuM pratipAdana karanAra mahAvIra svAmIne cheTe che, te kRpA karI kaheze ke Ape A divya prabhAva-A devapaNuM-zI rIte prApta karyuM? puruSakAra-parAkramathI ke te vagara?" deve javAba dIdhe - "te vagara; emanuM ema." phaDakeliyaH "vA; tyAre A asaMkhya jIvo je devapaNe prApta karavA mATe udyoga karatA nathI te kema deva banI gayA nathI ? mATe, he deva! tamane A pada, e meLavavA mATe *mULamAM "utthAna"=ubhA thavuM, uThAva. *puruSanuM karavuM--parAkrama, puruSanuM kareluM parAkrama.

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} bhAvi ane puruSArtha 581 karelA udyoga yAne puruSakAra--parAkramane lIdhe ja maLyuM che, maLavAnuM hatuM ane maLyuM che e tamArUM kahevuM khATu che." A sAMbhaLI devane thayuM ke meM Ane caLAvavAnA yatna karyAM e kheATuM karyuM. pachI turata e deva antardhAna thaI gayA.ka Ama hindusthAnanA sanAtana dharmane nyAya karIne have mi. Avanane nyAya karIe. mi. Avanane AjathI pacAsa-sATha varSa upara bhAvivAda sAme hindu vidyArthIone cetavaNI ApavAnI jarUra lAgI hoya te temAM Azcarya nathI. e samayamAM ApaNA deza asaMkhya kleza-kalahathI thAkIne ane puruSaprayatnanI niSphaLatA aneka dizAmAM anubhavIne, bhAvivAdanI suSuptimAM ArAma letA hatA. tene have krUrI jAgrata thaI udyogaparAyaNa thavAnA upadeza karavAnI jarUra hatI. suSupti e ajJAnanI dazA che ane jAgrat avasthAmAM ja vastunuM yathArthe jJAna thAya che, tema bhAvivAda ajJAnarUpa che ane pauruSavAda ja kharA cheH tathApi bhAvivAdane paNa nyAya karavA khAtara eTaluM UmeravuM joie ke jema suSupti vinA manuSya gAMDA thaI jAya ane jAgrahavasthAmAM paNa zAnta rIte vicAra karavA mATe mananI je sthiratA joie te na prApta thAya--tema bhAvivAda paNa manuSyane, niSphaLatAnI sthitimAM hRdayane vizrAma ApI, bhaviSyanA puruSakAra mATe sama khUnAvavAnuM kArya kare che. prema ane karuNAnA guNAthI rahita, ane kevaLa nyAyakArI tathA pApa mATe ugra 43 karanAra-evA prabhunI bhAvanA jema sarva manuSyane anukULa paDatI nathI, tema zuddha pauruSavAda paNa sadhaLI sthitinA janAne ane eka ja janasamAjane paNa nitya-nirantara anukULa AvatA nathI. bhAgelAM hRdayane sA N thavA mATe je AzvAsana joIe, te krAphTane kAI jAtanA bhAvivAda vinA anatuM nathI. manuSyanI icchA A jagatanA anubhavamAM asaMkhyavAra kuMThita thAya che, ane temAMthI ene eka nizcaya e utpanna thAya che ke A jagatamAM mArI icchA karatAM kAIka paNa adhika zakti che. e adhika zaktine e ' Izvara-icchA'evuM nAma Ape che, agara te! e devanI icchAne + " natthi uThThANe i vA kammai i vA bale i vA vorie i vA purisakAraparakkame i vA niyayA savtra bhAvA... asthi uThThANe... parakkame ivA aNiyayA savvabhAvA' ,, ---3vAlamattAno ( sapAla vAH)

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182 dharmanuM sAhitya deva" kahe che. kAMI samajaNa na paDe te e ajJAta zaktine "adaSTa" kahIne virame che. athavA te "vAve evuM laNe' e niyama svIkArIne pUrva janmanAM adaSTa karmanuM phaLa ja pote A janmamAM bhegave che ema mAne che. Ama kaIne kaI rUpe bhAvinuM baLa manuSya svIkAre che ja; paNa e bhAvine anya ane unmatavata kAma karatuM mAnavuM e Izvarane badale zetAna (AsurI saMpata)ne jagatane rAjA mAnavA barAbara che, ane keIpaNa manuSya A siddhAnta eka kSaNavAra paNa kharekhara rIte mAnato nathI. eTale bhAvivAdanI pAchaLa IzvaravAda che ema kahIe te khoTuM nathI. saMzayavAdIojeo IzvaranA astitva viSe ane enA svarUpa viSe saMdehamAM ja rahevuM pasaMda kare che-tene paNa A jagatamAM koIka zakti che ema svIkAthI vinA cAlatuM nathI, ane e zakti kAMIka niyamasara kAma kare che, ane e niyama ekaMdare kalyANakArI che, ema paNa vaLI anubhavane AdhAre kabUla kyA vagara chUTo thato nathI. eTale saMzaya UDI jaI IzvaravAda ja pAche siddha thAya che. Ama pariNAme bhAvi te nyAyakArI prabhu nirma che, athavA te nyAyarUpa karmanA niyamane anusarIne Upaje che, e be pakSa ja vicAravAnA rahe che. e baMne pakSamAM bhAvinI pAchaLa chevaTe nyAya Ubho che. ane nyAya mAgI le che ke jyAM zakti tyAM ja javAbadArI, eTale bhAvino siddhAta letAM paNa chevaTe manuSyamAM zaktine svIkAra-arthAta puruSakArane avakAza-prApta thAya che. tAtparya ke A jagatamAM puruSaprayatna jyAM sudhI kuMThita thato dekhAya che tyAM sudhI bhAvi svIkAryA vinA chUTake nathI; paNa e ja bhAvi je Izvara ane nyAya sAthe joDAeluM rahe te emAM puSakArane mATe pUrNa avakAza che. aniSTa ayukta bhAvivAda e ja che ke jemAM manuSya potAnA karmanI-vizeSamAM, akarmanI-javAbadArI lahetuM nathI. [vasanta, citra 1969]. dharmanuM sAhitya aDhAramI saddInA cUrepamAM buddhivAda ("Rationalism") nuM bahu prAbalya hatuM. DeTAnA samaya pachI dharmanA mahAprazno svatandra buddhi vaDe carcAvA lAgyA hatA ane vaipha nAmanA jarmana philasupha sudhI AvatAM te, jIva jagata ane paramAtmA saMbaMdhI saghaLAM gUDha satyo manuSya buddhie haratAmalakata thaelAM mAnI lIdhAM hatAM. tyAM kenTa- mULa prazna ja pUcho + jarmana uccAra kAra, - -

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dharmanuM sAhitya 583 ke manuSyabuddhimAM mana ane IndrithI para evI vastu grahaNa karavAnuM sAmarthya che kharuM? manuSyabuddhinuM baMdhAraNa tapAsI eNe nirNaya karyo ke-nathI. paNa te ja sAthe eNe batAvyuM ke buddhi uparAMta manuSyamAM keTalIka vRttio che-bhAvanAvRtti, nItivRtti, ane rasavRtti-je dvArA manuSya paramatattvane anubhavI zake che. kenTe A pratipAdana karyuM te pachI enA upara ghaNI TIkAo thaI che. manuSya AtmAnA AvA khaMDa-judI judI vRttio rUpI pADI zakAya ke kema ityAdi prazno pUchAyA che, paNa Aja eka vAta siddha manAI cUkI che ke paramatatvane pAmavuM hoya te e kevaLa buddhithI pAmI zakAze nahi koI eka vRtti upara bhAra mUke che, keI bIjI upara mUke che paNa sauthI vadhAre pratiSThita siddhAnta te atyAre e ja che ke paramatatvane pAmavuM hoya te akhaMDa manuSya e tarapha javuM joIe--tAtparya ke paramatatvane anubhavavAnuM sAdhana kevaLa buddhi nathI, paNa hRdaya che, kRti che, ane vadhAre sArI rIte bolIe to akhaMDa jIvana che. Ama hovAthI vicAragrantha e ja dharmanuM sAhitya nathI. ane "rUpaka, kalpita vArtAo Adi tyajI, temane sthAne cekasa arthavALAM pado vAparI, sAdI ane sIdhI bhASAmAM dharmanuM nirUpaNa karavuM joIe ema je keTalIkavAra icchA darzAvavAmAM Ave che te barAbara nathI. je dharmanA vyAkhyAnane eka pradhAna uddeza dhArmikavRtti jagADavAno hoya te akhaDa jIvanane sparza kare-kalpanA jagADe, hRdayamAM rasa pUre, ane hAthane halAve-evI vANImAM upadeza karavo joIe, A vANuM ApaNuM RSio ane santane prApta hatI. ApaNAmAM e nathI. paNa tethI zuM ApaNuM badhuone evI vANuM sAMbhaLavA tarapha deravAmAMthI paNa javuM? nIcenA UtArA zabda pramANu nathI, paNa evA pratiSThita puruSanA e abhiprAya che ke sahasA avagaNI zakAya evA nathI. ane anubhava paNa enI yathathatAmAM prabaLa sAkSI pUre che. te mATe, dharmanA pradezamAM jeo rUpaka ane kalpita vArtAone upayoga aniSTa gaNe che, temane e UtArAmAMthI navuM dRSTibindu jaDaze ema dhArI anne TAMkuM chuM: () It is good that a man should thus be made to feel in his heart how small a part of him his head is--that the Scientific Understanding should be reminded that it is not the Reason-the Part, that it is not the Whole Man. It is a profound remark that Imagination rather

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584 dharmanuM sAhitya than Reason makes the primary difference between man and brute. Professor Stewart's " The Myths of Plato". () "The critics will tell you that the use of this mode of instruction in ancient times was a consequence of the oral teaching then prevalent; that printing being unknown, and writing uncommon, it was necessary to strike deep into the mind at once the lesson which vanished on the lips; that so the prophets in the palace or the street, the seer in the desert, the man of God on the beach or hill-side, borrowed hints from the scene around, and painted sacred things in the individual and dramatic forms on the imagination of monarch or of multitude. But now that art has clipped the 'winged words ', and memory betakes itself to books, we are more elaborately and precisely taught by argument and precept; and human nature, emerging from its child. hood, exchanges its love of fable and similitude for moral and religious philosophy. I rather suspect a' different cause for the phenomenon in question; and doubt whether, even if Jesus of Nazareth were living among us now, amid all the advantages of cheap tracts and daily journals, he would teach us much otherwise than after the old fashion, not with the dead page and laboured disquisition, but with the living voice, and the artless parable. For, I take it, different conceptions of the work to be achieved lie at the root of his method and of ours: ours assuming that religion is to be put into the mind; his, that it is to be brought out of it; ours aiming to teach the truth by intellectual judgment; his, to inspire it by

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dharmanuM sAhitya 585 moral sympathy; ours speaking with didactic boldness as to the ignorant; his, with mystic hints and deep suggestions, as to a fraternity already taught of God, and needing but a new touch of holy light to reawaken trust and wonder from their sleep. He who instructs by indirect and figurative methods, and avoiding literal statements, delights in allusion and analogy, supposes one or both of two things; viz, that the subject is incapable of direct presentation; or, that his hearers possess its fundamental ideas, and require, not its form with their thought, but its spirit in their souls. Both these assumptions appear to me to pervade the whole ministry of Christ; to have opened his lips in parables, as the natural speech of religion; and to explain in part, why 'never man spake like this man". Dr. Martineau's "Hours of Thought". tAtparya ke-(1) buddhi e sakala manuSya nathI; manuSyanuM magaja e manuSyane bahu ja alpa bhAga che, ane e vAtane enA hRdayane anubhava karAvAya e ThIka che. vaLI, kharuM jotAM buddhi nahi paNa kalpanA e ja manuSyane pazu thakI bhedaka guNa che. (2) keTalAka ema dhAre che ke asala santa mahae rUpakanI bhASAmAM upadeza karatA kAraNa ke te vakhate lakhavAnI kaLA hAlanA jevI nahotI ane te mATe e upadezane hRdayamAM ThasAvavA sArU rUpaka ane kalpanAnAM citronI jarUra paDatI. paNa vastutaH ema nathI. Isu khrista Aja upadeza karate heta te paNa rU5kanI bhASAmAM ja--upadeza karata, kAraNa ke dharma bahArathI bharavAne nathI paNa antamAMthI kADhavAne che, ane te mATe AtmAnuM je udhana karavuM joIe te sIdhI, beDI bhASAmAM thaI zakatuM ja nathI.

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4 thI AgasTanI prArthanA ATalA mATe ja rUpaka ane arthavAdanA upayAga iSTa gaNI zruti kahe che. - paukSapriyA divaiyA: 'devAne ADakataruM nirUpaNa game che. ane zrutinAM satyane vadhAre leAkapriya vANImAM khahalAvanAra itihAsa ane purANanA upayeAga karavA nIcenI paMkti kahe cheH itihAsapurANAbhyAM vedaM samupabRMhayet / bibhetyalpazrutAdvedo mAmayaM prahariSyati // 586 itihAsa ane purANu vaDe vedanuM ThIka ThIka upakhaMtuNu karavuM. alpazrutathI veda bhIe che ke rakhene A mane mAre. ApaNAM itihAsa ane purANeAnuM ApaNA dhArmika sAhityamAM kevuM mahattvanuM sthAna che e AryasamAjI lAlA lajapatarAyane paNa DA. AnandakumArasvAmInA samAgama pachI samajAyuM hatuM. [ vasanta, vaizAkha saM. 1970 ] 8 4 thI AgasTanI prAthaeNnA ' A ja yuddhane traNa varSa thayAM. lADa kicanare ochAmAM ochI AMkelI avadha pUrI thaI, hajI yuddha keTaluM cAlaze?"--ema zeka sthaLe pUchAya che. A prazna sAMbhaLI kSaNuvAra mane rAjazekhara kavinA bALarAmAyaNu nATakanA mArA priya zvezvaka sAMbhare che. rAma sItA ane lakSmaNu vanavAse javA nIkaLyAM cheH hajI sau apeAdhyA nagarInA pAdaramAM ja che, tyAM-- sadyaH purIparisare'pi zirISamRddhI gatvA javAt tricaturANi padAni sItA / gantavyamasti kiyadityasakRd bruvANA rAmAzruNaH kRtavatI prathamAvatAram // sItAjI jhaTa jhaTa traNa cAra pagalAM cAlIne pUche che-- have keTaluM javAnuM bAkI rahyuM ?': Ama pharI pharIne sItAjIe pUchyAM karyuM tyAre, rAmacandrajInAM netramAMthI kadI nahi paDelAM azru pahelavahelAM paDayAM! hajI ApaNe yuddhane pAdareja chIe ema te nathI ja, paNa hajI anta dUra lAge che. ane jeoe A mahA dhAra yuddhanAM du:kha kadI nahi kalpelAM

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4 thI oNgasTanI prArthanA 587 tevAM anubhavavA mAMDyAM che teo yuddhano aMta Ave te sAruM ema Icche te te svAbhAvika che. A traNa varSathI pRthvI upara rAta divasa keTalI badhI rudhiranI nadIo vahyAM kare che e kalpanAmAM lAvo keTalA badhA "rudhirapriya che ane keTalI badhI "vasAgabdhA ene AjakAla bharapUra annapAna thaI gayAM pRthvI uparathI keTalA badhA abhimanyuo mAta pitA ane patnIne raDatAM mUkI cAlyA gayA! are! emanI saMkhyA paNa eTalI badhI thaI gaI ke atyAre abhimanyu ane uttarA-nuM kAvya racI jagatane rasagna karavAne paNuM avakAza rahyo nathI! vaLI, A yuddhamAM pratidina je dravya kharcAya che enuM te zu ja kahevuM! golDasmitha tavaMgaranA piSAkane nirdezIne kahe che ke emanA vastromAM eTaluM badhu kapaDu nakAmu bharavAmAM Ave che ke emAthI garIba navastrAMnA aMga DhakAya!--e ja rIte, A dravya, keLavaNuM Arogya vagere lokahitane mArge kharcAyuM hota to Aja ApaNuM netra AgaLa kaIka judI ja prakAza ane taMdurastIthI bharelI dunIA patharAelI heta ! ane A kharcane lIdhe jagatane bhaviSyane sudhAre paNa keTalo badhe aTakI paDaze e kalpavuM kaThina nathI. Ama, A yuddha jhaTa zame te sArU ema sUcavanAra saghaLI dalIla karI rahyA pachI paNa eka dRSTibindu e saghaLI dalIlanA uttaramAM upasthita rahe cheH jagate ATalI badhI jAnamAlanI khuvArI phekaTa ja veThavI? jarmanInA hapadane teDyA vinA jagata nu kalyANa che? eka vAta khUba dhyAnamAM rAkhavAnI che ke A yuddhamAM UtaravAne ApaNe eka udeza ApaNuM pitAnuM rakSaNa karavA mATe hato, (lorDa barTase yuddhanA AraMbha vakhate A spaSTa ane nikhAlasa rIte jaNAvyu hatu), tathApi te sAthe anya hAnI prajAonuM rakSaNa paNa joDAeluM hatuM, ane yuddha jema AgaLa cAlatuM gayuM tema A jagata nuM baMdhAraNa kevA pAyA upara racAvuM joIe -jaya tyAM dharma? ke dharma tyA jaya?-e mahAna naitika-sArvatrika ane kAlika-satyane prazna vadhAre ne vadhAre spaSTatAthI upasthita thavA lAgyo che, ane ene uttara "dharma tyAM ja jaya' e mahAbhAratanA zabdamAM siddha karavo e kartavya atyAre jagatanA eka moTA sAmrAjya tarIke ApaNuM upara prabhue mUkyuM che, svArtha sAthe joDIne mUkyuM che, ja juve veNusaMhAra nATakamAM bhArata yuddhanuM varNana. *

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188 4 thI oNgasTanI prArthanA. pAMDavo upara mUkyuM hatuM tema. e kartavyane briTiza sAmrAjyanA eka aMga tarIke nirvAha karavA mATe prabhu hindane sAmarthya Ape e Aja ApaNI prArthanA che. prArthanA? gaI saddImAM yuropamAM "Efficacy of Prayer" viSe -prArthanA saphaLa thatI haze kharI?-ema prazna pUchAta hatuM, (eka rIte A prazna bahu jUno che. prAcIna grIsamAM paNa pUchAtA hatA.) ane enI nirarthakatA siddha karavAnI dalIlamAM kahevAtuM hatuM ke AvaDA moTA brahmAMDamAM manuSya te zI visAtamAM ke enI prArthanA sAbhaLavAnI paramezvarane darakAra hoya? vaLI, paramezvara ApaNuM prArthanA sAMbhaLato hoya to paNa vizvanA niyamane teDI ApaNI prArthanA saphaLa karavAnI enAmAM zakti che? A bemAM vaLI eka trIjI dalIla atyAre e UmerAya che ke ApaNuM zatru paNa A ja rIte prArthanA karatA haze te prabhu kenI prArthanA sAMbhaLaze? AmAMnI pahelI dalIla te prabhunA svarUpa saMbadhI vicAra AgaLa eka kSaNa vAramAM zamI jAya che. prabhu mahaTAthI moTe--sauthI maheke che; paNa heTe ja nathI jema heTAthI heTa tema ja hAnAthI hAna che e mAtra heTa yAne vyApaka hoI brAuniga kahe che tema, "close behind a stomach cyst-jhINAmAM jhINuM jIvakaNakanI pAchaLa Avelo hoya che ema ja nathI paNa sArAvAna madata mahAna" -heTAthI heATe, tema ja nhAnAthI nAno che-ane Ama nhAnAthI hAne che, tethI ja aNumAM aNu-paramANuM-thI paNa e aNutara yAne jhINo che, tathA nhAnAmAM nhAnA jIvANunA antamAM rahelo che. ane tethI prabhunA ananta virATuM svarUpathI aMjAI tharatharI jatA arjunane ane laghu saumya svarUpa enA hRdayane AhalAda ane vIsAmo che. manuSya enA saMkaTanA vakhatamAM enA nikaTamAM nikaTa sakhA ane jIvananA sArathi paramAtmAnuM sAhA na mAge to kenuM mAge? - have bIje vAMdhe e levAmAM Ave che ke prabhu bhale ApaNuM prArthanA sAMbhaLato hoya, ane ene prArthanA karavI e manuSyane svAbhAvika hoya tathApi e prArthanA sAMbhaLI vizvanA niyama teDI ApaNuM kArya karavAnI ke "a stomach cyst-chavakaNa, ke jenAM sarva avayavo ane indri te mAtra chavadhAtune dhAraNa karanAra hojarInI kathaLI ja,

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4 thI ogasTanI prArthanA. 588 prabhunI zI zakti che? prabhunuM svarUpa jeNe yathArtha grahaNa karyuM che, ene A vizva sAthe ane enA niyama sAthe zo saMbandha che e UMDA UtarI vicAryuM che te A dalIlane ghaDI paNa mAnya nahi kare. zuM prabhu tuM vartama savyathA vartuja samartha nathI? "asala haze--ajJAnI ane vahemI jananI dRSTie haze; paNa A vizva upara sAyansane jhaLahaLato prakAza paDyo ane vizvanA niyama zedhAyA ane sakala vizva kAryakAraNanA niyamathI zaMkhalAeluM che, ema jaNAyuM-tyArathI jagatane e svacchandI ane gAMDe rAjA ApaNuM kalpanAmAMthI UDI gayo che, ane ene sthaLe atyAre kAryakAraNane mahAniyama kAyadAsara ane Tharela rItie rAjya karavA beThe che. A dalIla ThIka cheH prajAsattAnI bhAvanAnA vartamAna samayamAM e ApaNane jhaTa gaLe UtarI jAya evI che. paNa te yathArtha che? vizvanA niyama te vizvanA prabhune paNa lagADaze? "anthropomorphic God nI mAnyatAne-cAne manuSyadaSTAntathI prabhunI kalpanA karavI ene-brAnti mAnanAra sAyansavAdIo A jaDa jagatanA dRSTAntathI prabhunI kalpanA karavAmAM kAMI buddhideSa nahi juve? A vizva kAryakAraNanA niyamathI zakhalAeluM che ke saMkaLAeluM che? prabhue jagatamAM kAryakAraNane niyama pravartAvyo che e jagatanI zaMkhalA nathI paNuM saMkalanA cheH zaMkhalA jaDa padArthanI banelI hoya, paNa saMkalanA te cetanadharma che. A vizvanI kalanA karavI caitanyanI ekatA vinA vizIrNa thaI jatA A vizvanA padArthonI "sama-yAne ekatra, ekatAmAM-kalanA karavI, arthAta ene joDavA (6) ane samajavA tathA samajAya evA karavA (vAinA)-e prabhu kare che. e jagatane pitAnA niyamathI bAdha nathI, paNa pitAnA vAsathI jIvatuM ane bolatuM cAlatu kare che. bahiyamI ane antaryAmI vacce A ja mahoTe phera cheH bahiryAmI bahAranA niyamathI bAMdhe, paNa bAMdhavAmAM pote paNa baMdhAya; antaryAmI mAhathI bAMdhe, paNa bAdhavAmAM ja-bAdhavAnI kriyAmAM ja jIvana Ape ane pite e bandhanathI svatantra rahe. paramAtmA A vizvane antaryAmI hAI ene jIvatuM ane kAryakAraNanA niyama vaDe belatuM cAlatuM kare che; paNa jAte e niyamathI baMdhAtuM nathI. jenA vaDe niyamanuM astitva bane ene e niyama bAMdhe e to-samudranA taraMgo samudrane bAMdhe ema kahevA samAna che. paramAtmAne A vizvanA niyamo bhale lAgu paDatA na hoya-paNuM A vizvamAM niyama pravarte che ane e niyamamAM manuSyathI pheraphAra thaI

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praja, niyama eka ja ri pa90 4 thI ogasTanI prArthanA zakate nathI emAM koI zaMkA che? bezaka, A vizvamAM niyama pravarte che ane e niyamamAM manuSyathI pheraphAra thaI zakato nathI e sAcuM che. paNa e niyama sarva kalyANanidhAna prabhune karelo che; ane e niyama che ke manuSya pheravI zakatuM nathI te paNa e niyamano lAbha laI zake che, enA prakaTIkaraNanuM sthAna ekane badale bIjuM karI zake che. jaLa ane agninA saMyogathI varALa utpanna thAya che e prakRtine nizcala niyama che, paNa e varALane ejInamAM bharI gADI calAvavI emAM manuSyanI buddhine ane enI kartavazaktine avakAza che, ane te thakI vizvanA niyamano bhaMga thatuM nathI, paNu e niyamanuM prakaTIkaraNa ane vizeSa udAharaNa thAya che. A ja rIte atyAre ApaNe je prArthanA karavA IcchIe chIe te prabhunA nizcala niyama pheravavA mATe nathI, paNa e ja niyamane lAbha levA mATe che, e niyama ApaNAmAM prakaTa karavA sAruM che. have prabhunA e niyama zA zA che e joIeH eka ja vAkyamAM sarva niyama samAvIe - dhavihI tenu vArika maratama--dharmathI aviruddha evI jeTalI IcchA te prabhunuM rUpa che, anya nahi. ene ja prakRta samayamAM vizeSarUpe tapAsIe te te A pramANe jaNAya che. eka te atyAre, nehAnA nhAnAM rA paNa mahetAM rAjyone hAthe rakSaNane pAtra che e siddhAnta jorathI pratipAdana thato Ave che. bejiyama saviyA rUmAniyA atyAre luptaprAya thaI gayAM che ane enI mULa svatantratAmAM ApaNe pharI repavAM che, ane tema karavAnA prayatnamAM nhAnAM rAjyanI svataMtratA paNa pavitra che e siddhAnta ApaNuM briTiza sAmrAjyanI dhvajAmAM pharake che. bIju dehamAM sarva avayava samAna che, samAna yogakSemane pAtra che, ane sarvanI ekatra saMghaTanAmAM ja dehanuM jIvana che e nyAye-briTiza sAmrAjyanAM judAM judAM avayave paNa atyAre ekatAthI kAma karavA tatpara thaI gayAM che, samAnatAnuM tattva samajavA lAgyAM che, ane nAdhika bhAvane sthAne badhubhAvanuM sAmrAjya svIkAravA cAlyAM che. ApaNuM sAmrAjyanI nItimAM A be mahAna satya-eka bAhya saMbandhanuM (External Policy )nuM ane bIjuM Antara saMbandhanu (Internal Policy) nuM-je manuSyajAtinI unnati prabhae sthApelA nila niyamane bhAga che te ApaNuM rAjyanItimAM tamanta karavA prabhu ApaNane mati ane sAmarthya Apo. paNa ema kahevAmAM Avaze ke ApaNuM zatruo paNa A ja pramANe prabhunI prArthanA karatA haze te che karatA hoya te e karatAM vadhAre maMgaLa zuM? teo paNa prabhunI sihAna, prathama muLa vata

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4 thI ogasTanI prArthanA. 591 haze ane lavanI vacce A premathI bheja sarviA vage ja prArthanA kare ema IcchIe chIe. ubhaya prabhunI ja prArthanA karatA haze ane prabhunI ja daivI zaktithI laDhatA haze--te prabhu baMnenI vacce, candraketu ane lavanI vacce rAmacandrajI UtarI AvyA hatA tema, UtarI Avaze, ane ubhayane eka bIjA sAthe premathI bheTADaze. paraMtu atyAre te je prajAe adharyuM ane AsurI vRttithI bejiyama sarviA vagerene reLI nAMkhyAM ane sabamarInanI cAMcIAgIrIthI asaMkhya manuSyane ane manuSyanA parasevAthI utpanna thaelA mAlane darIAne taLIe pahecADI dIdhAM-ane hajI de che-tene prabhunA bhakta tarIke mAnIne ApaNe bheTI zakatA nathI. ApaNe jema prabhunI prArthanA karIe chIe tema zatruo paNa karatA haze, paNa te kAMI navIna nathIH vedanA samayathI cAlyuM Ave che. baMnene antaryAmI prabhu che ane baMnene nyAya enA hAthamAM che. paraMtu ApaNuM yuddhane pavitra karavA, enI anivArya pharatAmAM paNa prabhunuM smaraNa tAjuM rAkhI AsurI vRttimAMthI bacavA ApaNe ApaNuM taraphathI prabhunI stuti karavAnI jarUra che, ane te karavAmAM ApaNe vedarUpa prabhue prakaTa karelI-vANunuM zaraNa na laIe te kenuM laIe ? kada bhanna kahe che-- yaM krandasI saMyatI vidvayete vara umA mitro samAnaM cidrathamAtasthivAMsA nAnA ghare ja janAra putro , saM // he manuSya ! e Indra che ke jene AkAza ane pRthvI paNa jyAre sAmasAmAM goThavAI jAya che tyAre eka kahe che mArI tarapha Ave ane bIjuM kahe che mArI tarapha Ava; zatruonI sAmasAmI senAo paNa e ja pramANe ene bolAve che; balake eka ja rathamAM beThelA be jaNamAM paNa dareka pitapotAnI tarapha ja ene kheMce che. Ama thavAnuM kAraNa te pachInA mannamAM zruti kahe che ke - yasmAnna Rte vijayante janAso yaM yudhyamAnA avase havante / manuSyo yuddhamAM pitapatAnA rakSaNa arthe ene bolAve che kAraNa ke enA vinA manuSyane ja nathI. paNa enAthI ja kema che? ane

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para 4 thI ogasTanI prArthanA e hoya tyAM ja hoya ja ema zI khAtarI ? AnA uttaramAM vaLI- te pachI turata ja zruti kahe cheH yo vizvasya pratimAnaM babhUva yo acyutacyut sa janAsa indrH| -e A vizvanuM pratimAna" yAne Adarza cheH vizva pitAne rUpasaMskAra e "pratimAna "ne pitAnI AgaLa dharIne kare che. vizvanI utkrAti ene pitAnI saMmukha rAkhI ene dhAraNe cAlavAmAM rahelI che. ane ene dhoraNe je cAle che tene vijaya nakkI che kAraNa ke e mahAzakti parvatane ucALavA-aDagamAM aDagane DagAvavA samartha che. devI saMpatathI vimukha thaelAM, remana meghalAI ane pezvAI jevAM mahArAje gayAM-kayasara ane enI prajA e saMpatathI vimukha thaIne keTalo vakhata TakI zakaze? jaH zAzvata madha yAnAna amanyamAnAn zarvA jaghAna / mahApApIne ane prabhune na oLakhanArane, prabhu pitAnAM zastrathI vinAza kare che. ema karavAmAM paNa e mahAzaktine hetu- svarga prayAntu ripavo'pi hi zatrapUtA itthaM matirbhavati teSvapi te hi sAdhvI // mArka0 purANa -zatrao enAM divya zastranA saMparkathI pavitra maraNa pAmI svarga jAya e hitakArI ja che. yasara paDaze, enuM rAjya tUTaze-te A pArthiva loDhAnuM jarmanI nAza pAmI suvarNa svargIya jarmanI thAya teTalA ja mATe. he prabhu ! amane vijaya Apa !--ema kahevAmAM ame amAre nahi paNa tAre ja vijaya prArthIe chIeH tArA vinA anya koIno vijaya saMbhava ja nathI. ame paNa jyAM sudhI tArA rahIzuM tyAM sudhI ja vijayanI AzA rAkhI zakIzuM. nepoliyana jyAM sudhI tAre paMthe cAlyo-jagatanI beDIo teDI eNe svAtanya vistAryuM tyAM sudhI ene vijaya rahyo; paNa je kSaNe eNe jUnA rAjyanI beDIo teDI pitAnI navI beDIo jagane paherAvavA mAMDI, te kSaNethI ene divasa pharyo. jagatanA devI ItihAsanuM A eka mahAna satya ame kadI bhUlIe nahi-

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4 thI ogasTanI prArthanA 583 eTalI sanmati he prabhu! ame tArI pAse nirantara mAgIe chIe.' parAjaya karatAM vijayanA bhaya bhAre cheH "sukhe sanI ane duHkhe rAma - e niyamAnusAra atyAre te tuM amane sAMbhare che paNa A viSama sthitimAMthI jyAre ame vijayanI sthitimAM AvIe-ane AvIzuM ja ema amane khAtarI che, kAraNa ke ame tArA sainika chIe-tyAre ame tane vIsarIe nahi ema karaje. tArA daDha avalaMbamAM, tArA pavitra niyamanA anusaraNamAM ja, amAruM zreya che ene anubhava khare aNIne vakhate A yuddhamAM te yunAITeDa sTeTsa (amerikA) ne amArA pakSamAM nAMkhIne-amane karAvyuM che, ane e anubhavane bodhatArI kRpAthI ame kadI paNa bhUlIzuM nahi, paNa bhUlIzuM ema tane lAge te haju paNa yuddhanA agnithI e bodha amArA hRdaya upara tuM vizeSa AMkaje; yuddhanAM duHkha karatAM ame e badhane maheATe gaNIe chIe. A vizvanI adhiSThAtrI daivI zaktine sadhIne ApaNI eTalI ja stuti che ke durge smRtA harasi bhItimazeSajantoH svasthaiH smRtA matipatIva zubhAMdadAsi / dAriyaduHkhabhayahAriNi kAtvadanyA sarvopakArakaraNAya sdaacittaa|| saMkaTane vakhate smaraNa karatAM, prANimAtrane tuM bhaya hare che, ane svastha-sukhanI-sthitimAM tAruM smaraNa kare che tene te sArI mati Ape che. he dAridraya duHkha ane bhaya haranArI devI ! sarvane upakAra karavAmAM jenuM citta sadA lAgeluM che evuM tArA vinA bIjuM koNa che ? [ vasanta, zrAvaNa saMvata 1973 ] te 1

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54 zAnti pATha zAnti pAThaka mUkaM karoti vAcAlaM paGguM laiyate girIn / yatkRpA tamahaM vande paramAnandamAdhavam // mUva rAti vAruM"--je mUMgAne bolato karI de che evA zrIharinuM smaraNa karIne hindI bhASAmAM besavAne Aja yatna karIza- je ke mArI bhASA aneka doSothI chavAelI haze, ane guNane te saMbhava ja ke?--te paNa huM jANuM chuM ke hindImAM ja bolavuM ahIM gya che. kAraNa ke A sabhA aMgrejI ane prAcya bane vibhAganI banI che, ane je bhASA baMne vibhAganA samajhavAmAM Ave e ja bhASAmAM besavuM pramukhane ucita che. huM je bolavA icchuM chuM e prabhunI prArthanA rUpa che, ane prabhunI AgaLa bhASAnA deSa gaNatA nathI. he bhagavana ' ame ApanI samakSa zAtipATha japavAne UbhA chIe. yuddharUpI eka moTA aghAsuranA mukhamAM cAra varSathI ame paDyA hatA emAMthI Ape amane choDavyA, e mATe ame ApanI stuti karIe chIe. he prabhu ApanA virA svarUpanA rame remamAM ananta koTi brahmAMDa nAcI rahyAM che, e brahmAMDamAM eka brahmAMDa, ane eka brahmAMDamAM vaLI . asaMkhya nakSatrAdi gALA, ane e goLAmAM eka nhAne sarakho goLA je amArI "pRthvI' kahevAya che, enA upara vasatI eka nhAnIzI chavajAti jene "manuSya' kahe che, e manuSyamAM cAra pAMca varSa kAMIka kelAhala bha, ane keTalAMka manuSya marI gayAM (comAsAmAM are ! keTalAMe jatuo jamyAM ke tevAM ja marI jAya che ") emAM te vaLI zI heTI vAta thaI gaI? A viraTra sRSTimAM ene hisAba ja zuM che? paraMtu ema nathI. prabhu! Apa "mAre ' haTAthI heTA che eTaluM ja * yuddha maTI zAnti thaIe khAte banArasa seMTrala koleja tathA oriyanTala kAja (prAgya vibhAga") ne ekaThe meLAvaDe ( tA. 14mI DiseMbara) bharavAmAM Avyo hato, te prasaMge meM hindI (!) bhASaNa ApyuM hatuM, tene A bhASAntara che. A bhASaNamAM kAMI navIna nathI,-ghaNuM carvitacaNa che paNa prAsaMgika heI kadAca rasa UpajAve evI samajaNathI prakaTa thavA mokaluM chuM.

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sa ' zAntipATha 55 nahi, paNa Apa'saurakhIyAna '----aNuthI paNu aNutara, nhAnAthI paNa nhAnA che. ema zruti bhagavatI kahe che. ane temAM paNa thaLoLIyAna 'e vizeSaNa madato madIyAna e vizeSaNunI pahelAM mUkyuM che ( Avu zrutinuM kauzala che ) ! Apa jema akhila brahmAMDanA nAyaka che te ja pramANe aNu aNunA antaryAMnI che. ane ApanI ja kRpAthI ame kaSTamukta thayA chIe. he kRpAnidhAna ! ApanI vibhUtikSa kRSNa dvaipAyana vyAsajI mahA .. rAje je zabda mahAbhAratamA DhAkI ThokIne anekavAra kahyA che e ja zabda " thato dharmastato nathaH '' e yuddhanA AraMbhamAM ame amArI yuddhapatAkA upara lakhyA, madhyamA e ja zabdanA prabhAvathI amerikA amArI madade doDI Avyu, ane antamAM amane je vijaya prApta thayA te e ja " cato dharmastato nacaH e mahAmantranA prabhAvathI ja--ema ame samajhIe chIe, ame sArI rIte jANIe chIe ke ame ApanI pUrNa kRpAnA pAtra hajI sudhI thayA nathIH aneka mada mAna lAbha dveSa kIi Adi pApa guNAthI adyApi amArU hRdaya bharelu che. te! paNa ame kahIe chIe ane ghaTaghaTavAsI antaryAMnI Apa sadhaLu jANe! che ja, ke ame pUrvokta sUtra amArA jIvanamA sidda karavAnA yatna karI rahyA chIe. ane amArA yatna sala thAe, amArI buddhi pavitra thAe evI amArI ApanA caraNamAM prArthanA che. 66 A yuddhu bahu viSama hatuM, ane emAthI ame jIvatA nIkaLIzuM ke krama e paNa kAI kAI vAra saMzayArUDha thaI jatu hatu. paraMtu e ja vipatti thakI ame ApanuM darzana karI zakayA. tethI kuntIjInI mAphaka, ame kahIe chIe ke vipadaH santu naH zazvat tatra tatra jagadguro / " jagadgurA !--jagatane anubhavathI zIkhavavAvALA guru ! amane hamezAM vipattie ja hA !--jethI ame nirantara Apanu smaraNa karIe, ane ApathI vimukha thaine, kAma kredha leAbha mehamada matsara ityAdi madharamatsyAthI bharelA A saMsArasAgaramAM grasta DUbI na jaI e. A yuddhathI, satyasvarUpe ApanA visphuligarUpa aneka satyA amArA jANavAmAM AvyA che. emAthI be traNanA phrI pATha ame A ja karIzuM, 1 ekasatya tA e che ke je munizrI vAlmIkie rAmAyaNamAM amane saMbhaLAvyuM che. kahe che ke eka vakhate vAlmIki muni snAna karavA

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pa zAntipA sArUM nadIe gayA hatA tyAM emaNe vRkSa upara krAMca pakSInI eka joDa dIThI, e joI rahyA che. eTalAmAM eka zikArIe pakSIne mANa mAryuM, ane emAMthI eka pakSI jamIna upara paDayu. paDayu` ke tu vAlmIki muni hRdayamAMthI elI UThA (sarjanAnAM hRdaya dhaNAM kAmaLa heAya che ): mA niSAd ! pratiSThAM vAmaH zAzvatIH samaH / yatkauzcamithunAdekamavadhIH kAmamohitam // " " hai niSAda ! tu bahu varSa nahi jIve; kAraNa ke, premathI vaLagelA evA eka pakSIneA te" vadha karyAM." laukika bhASAmAM anubh chandI A pahelavahelA udgAra thayA dekhI brahmA vAlmIkinI pAse AvyA; ane mAlyA: " prattivudghoDala vAna ALi, tavuM vrudi rAmatam ''-pUrvokta zloka rAma sItAneA viyeAga pADanAra rAvaNu upara zAparUpa je rAmAyaNanI kathA che enuM khIja thaI gayuM. cittakSeAbhathI hRdaya drIbhUta thAya che emAMthI kAvyanA AvirbhAva thayA ema kahevuM ThIka che, ane e paNa ThIka che ke A brahmAMDamAM eka jIvanA vinAza paNa kaTale karuNurasajanaka che, brahmAMDanI madhurI vINAnA tAra ethI keTalA mesarA thaI jAya che e satya jo kharAkhara samajhavAmAM Ave, ane te anubhavamAM paDI jAya, te| ethI vadhIne kAI jJAna nathI. paNa dAMta ane pajhAmAM rudhire kharaDI evI prakRti'nA utsaMgamAM paDelA ame pAmara jIva evA kAThA haiyAnA thaI gayA chIe ke upara kahelA karuNarasadvArA je brahmarasane anubhava thaI zake che te karavAne lAyaka ame rahyA ja nathI. keTalAka vidvAna ema kahe che ke rAmAyaNamAM Aye leAkAe isyu nAma anArye leAkanA parAbhava karyAM e vAtanuM varNana che, e kAraNathI e grantha Arya hindu lAkanA dharmagrantha banI gayA che. astu. e rIte kavipratibhAdvArA eka nhAnA prasaMga paNa mhATA kAvyarUpa vRkSamA pariNata thaI zake che. paNa jovuM joie ke " siyAvara rAmacandranI naya " ( tulasIdAsa ) e kAMI eka sipAhInI jayadheASaNA nathI--jevI kAI eka phreMca agara aMgreja duzmana sAme kare e prakAranI: paNa e teA eka prabhunA nAmane jaya uccArI che. A vastusthitinuM zu kAraNa ? kAraNa e ke A mahAkAvyamAM adhyAtmadRSTie jotAM eka mhAruM satya pratIta thAya che. e satya eka rAkSasI saMpan dekhAtI rAvaNa jevI pracaMDa ane - saMskRtamAM dri-ardhIH mAravuM; ane keda karyuM.

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zAtipATha pa97 vikarALa che, paNa devI saMpata je prabhunA manuSyarUpamAM mUrtimatI thAya che, enI AgaLa hisAbamAM nathI. kAraNa manuSya-rAmacandra-e mAtra dekhavAmAM manuSya che, vastutaH e prabhune ja avatAra che. vAlmIkinI pahelAM devAsurasaMgrAmanAM varNana hatAM, paNa manuSya asurane parAbhava kevI rIte karI zake e satya vAlmIkie ja prathama prakaTa karyuM. ane e vakhatathI lIlAmanuSya rAma ane kRSNane ame ApanA ja avatAra mAnIe chIe. ane ApanAM ja rUpavizeSa je indrAdika devo emanAthI paNa ame ene adhika mAnIe chIe. e ja sAra-je rAmAyaNano sAra te ja sAra--gata yuddhamAMthI ame grahaNa karI zakIe chIe. jarmana jevI rAkSasI prajAne manuSyadharmanu paripAlana karanArI prajAe parAsta karI dIdhIH emAM prabhAva Apa prabhune ja che, ama pAmara manuSyono nathI. 2 eka bIjuM satya -Aja sudhI-gayA khristI saMvatanA saikAmAM-pazcima dezomAM ema manAtuM hatuM ke "sae purva g: " evI ahamahemikAnI rItithI ja manuSyajAtine utkarSa thAya che. hajI sudhI je ke vyavahAramAM e rItine uccheda thayo nathI, te paNa evo siddhAnta te sthapAvA lAge che ja ke manuSyajatinuM kalyANa ahamahamikAthI nathI, kintu sahakAritAthI che. ahamahemikAthI jagatanI evI kharAbI thaI rahI che ke kahyuM na jAya. ethI dhanika te dhanikatara, ane daridra te daridratara thAya che-arthAta e thayuM ke jema dudha bagaDI javAthI eka tarapha pANI ane bIjI tarapha khATe padArtha e vibhAga paDI jAya che, e ja rIte ahamahamikAthI janasamAjanA be TukaDA paDI jAya che. eTaluM ja nahi, vizeSamAM eka TukaDe bIjA TukaDA upara julama karI zake che, kAraNa ke e balavattara thayo che. A anartha kevaLa pratyeka dezanA janasamAjamAM pUrAI rahe che ema nathI, balka deza dezAntaranA janasamAjomAM paNa paraspara e ja rIte cAlI rahI che. eka rAjya bIjA rAjya karatAM adhika dhanADhya ane balavAna thaIne ene satAvavA lAge che, kAMIne kAMIka miSathI laDhAI UbhI kare che, ane A rIte moTI mAchalI nAnI mAchalIne gaLI javAne nyAya jagatamAM pravartI rahyo che. ene sthAne have saune ATaluM samajhAyu ke A manuSyanI rIta nathI, rAkSasI rIta che. kahe che ke A matsyanyAya prakRtinuM svarUpe ja che, ane e ja rIte prakRtine vikAsa thAya che. paraMtu A kahevu bahu bhAge galata che. prakRtimAM eka histra pakSI anya pakSInAM baccAM upara prahAra karavA Ave che,

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598 zAnti pATha ke bilADI maraghInAM baccAM upara talapA mAre che ke turta e baccAMnI bhAnA pitAnA jIva tarapha jotI nathI, paNa e jIvanuM balidAna ApIne paNa pitAnAM baccAMne bacAvavAne yatna kare che. e ja rIte garbhasaMrakSaNa paNa aneka kaSTa sahana karIne mAtA kare che. AthI spaSTa che ke matsya nyAya e samasta prakRtine nyAya nathI. ane manuSya je mananazIla prANI che ene munAsaba che ke prakRtimAM je tAmasI aMza che ene sarvathA, ane rAjasane bahu bhAge dUra karavo joIe, ane ene ThekANe sattvanI sthApanA karavI joIe. 3 eka trIjuM satya-je e ja bIjA satyamAMthI phalita thAya che, ane enuM ja eka vizeSa udAharaNa che. ame hindI jana sArI rIte samajhI gayA chIe ke A kALamAM briTiza sAmrAjya jevuM sAmrAjyajemAM sUrya bhagavAna sadedita rahe che-e paNa phrAnsa amerikA ITali jApAna enI sahAyatA vA mitrIthI ja vijaya pAmI zakyuM che. arthAta tAtparya ke A samaya ekalAno nathI, saMghano che. e ja rIte, hindusthAna paNa je kevaLa svatanna thaIne rahevA Icchaze to te banI zakavAnuM nathI. ene avazya bIjA rAjyonI mitrI hovI joIe. ane ema che to, briTiza sAmrAjyanI sAthe Apa prabhue je amAre saMbandha joDI Apo che e ja bace rahe ema ame icchIe chIe, ane bIjI bAjue- briTiza prajAne paNa jANamAM AvI gayuM che ke hiMdusthAna upara rAjya karavuM e hindusthAna upara upakAra karavA vAste nathI. athavA to kevaLa pitAne mAla vecavA sAru ja nathI. keneDAne bAda karatAM, pRthvInA nakazA upara najara nAMkhatAM jaNAya che ke hindusthAna briTiza sAmrAjyanA madhya sthAnamAM che. eka tarapha osTreliyA ane nyUjhIlaMDa, bIjI tarapha dakSiNa ane pUrva AphrikA, ane trIjI tarapha Ijipta ane mesemiA AvelAM che. e sarvanuM rakSaNa tyAre ja thaI zake ke jyAre hindusthAna-je saunA hadayasthAne che-e balida hoya. suvejhanuM dvAra kadAcita baMdha thaI jAya te A tarapha briTiza sAmrAjyanI moTI kharAbI thaI jAya. eTalA mATe hindusthAnane svaparyApta karavuM joie ane ene svaparyApta karavAthI briTiza sAmrAjyane vizeSa bhAga svaparyApta thaI jAya che. svaparyApta eTale ke potAmAM ja samAela, eTale ke pitAnI cIjo pote ja banAvI le-yuddhanI sevA sAmagrI, sainya sahavartamAna, ahI ja utpanna karI zake, ane te levA zodhavA bahAra javuM na paDe evo. yuddhamAM asaMkhya kArIgarInI cIjo e che (zaninA samayamAM taiyArI karI rAkhI hoya to enAM ja dhAne kahe ahI ja asaMkhya

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zAnti pATha pa99 rUpAntara yuddhamAM upayogI thAya che) e tyAre ja pUrI pADI zakAya ke jyAre hindusthAnanI prajA vidyAsaMpanna ane dhanasaMpanna heya. A rIte jotAM mAluma paDe che ke hindusthAne briTiza sAmrAjyanA mukaTane hare che ema je Aja sudhI kahevAmAM AvatuM hatuM e have kAlAtIta-vANI thaI gayuM che. have, ema kahevuM joIe, ke hindusthAna briTiza sAmrAjyanA mukuTano hIre nathI, paNa enA zarIranuM hRdaya che. arthAta, e bene aMgAMgibhAva saMbadha ja baMdhabesato ane vastusthitine anukULa che. he prabhu! A rIte ame yuddha upara vicAra karavA besIe te aneka satya daSTigocara thAya che. bhagavana ! tyAre zuM ame yuddha cAhIe chIe ? nA, mahArAja. jagatamAM yuddha cAlatuM rahe emAM ja je hindusthAnanuM kalyANa raheluM hoya te evuM kalyANa mA he !--evA kalyANathI te akalyANa ja sAruM. ame kAMI veNIsaMhAra nATakamAM rudhirapriya ane vasAgabdhA nAmanA rAkSasa ane rAkSasI cItaryA che tevAM nathI. e rAkSasa ane rAkSasI mahAbhAratanA yuddha daramiyAna kurukSetranA medAnamAM pharI rudhiranA ghaDA bharatAM hatAM, ane mAMsa mAdikanA DhagalA koThAramAM nAMkhatAM hatAM-lADu jalebI zarabata bharI rAkhavA ekaThAM karatAM hoya tema ' ema karavuM e amArI manuSyatAne adhaHpAta karAvanAruM ane lajajAmAM nAMkhanAruM che. prabhu ! je amAre uddhAra karavA ApanI IcchA hoya te arjuna jevI mati, ane arjunane Apyo hato tevo upadeza, amane Ape. A amAre samajhavA jevI vastu che ke gItAne upadeza Ape ajunane dIdhA che, bhImane dIdhA nathI. tuM kSatriya che "tamA sucazva mArata" mATe laDha. varSAddhi yuddhADajatu kSatriyastha na viNA dharma yuddha karatAM vadhAre kalyANakArI kSatriya mATe bIjuM kAMI ja nathI--e upadeza duHzAsananuM rudhira pIvA tatpara thaI rahenArane (bhImane) dIdhe nathI. vui "pi grovara haitoH mahI"-pRthvI te zuM, balake AkhI trilokInA rAjya khAtara paNa je gurunI sAme laDhavA cAhata nathI, ane "rudhire kharaDyA bhoga bhegavavA IcchatuM nathI-are ! evA bhegathI te bhikSA sArI che maug elacama Dho"--ema je kahe che, e ja ApanA upadezane adhikArI banyo che tethI yuddha cAlatuM rahyuM hota te hindane svArtha ThIka sadhAta ema kahenArano siddhAnta amArI matithI darApAsta che. ame dharyuM

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600 zAtipATha yuddha karavA ApanA upadezAnusAra sadA tatpara chIe. paNa rudhirapriya ane vasAgabdhAnI rIte te yuddhamAM ame nahi ghUmIe, pati bhAI siA gAmanA kisAnanA zabane paNa bolatI jyAM sudhI AkhI pRthvI upara zAti thaI nathI, ane paMjAbanA mAmalAmAM amArA badhuo phasAI rahyA che, ane amArA musalamAnabhAI turkInI sthiti joI duHkhI thaI rahyA che tyAM sudhI ame zI rIte A vijyamAM Ananda laI zakIe?--ema amArA keTalAka mAnanIya badhujananuM kahevuM che. prabhu ! Apa te savItarvAsI che ane jANe che ja ke ame vijayane Ananda mANavA beThA nathI, ame te zAtisUkta japIe chIe. A samaya briTanane paNa AnandathI nAcavAne nathI, balake hoTe bedha levAnuM che. yuddha te kAMI krikeTa ke gilIdaMDAnI ramata nahotI. ame joIe chIe ke yuddhamAM UtarelA keTalAka dezanI prajAnI zI sthiti thaI rahI che! khAsa iMglaMDamAM, amApa devAne patthara gaLe laTake che e vAta te javA de paNa-ghere ghera ane zALAe zALA keTalA taruNa putra pati bhAI mitra sahavidyArthI bharI javAthI zeka prasarI rahyA che! bauddha granthamAM je kisA gAtamIne kisso che e sarvathA atyAre iMglaMDa vagere dezone lAgu paDI rahyo che. jyAre kisA gotamI nAme eka yuvati mAtA pitAnuM bALaka marI javAthI vyAkuLa thaI putranA zabane cuMbana detI, ane ane "e ! bhAI! keI hArA baccAne jIvADe" ema mugdhapaNe belatI, putranuM zaba laI ahIM tahIM sthaLe bhaTakavA lAgI tyAre koIke ene kahyuM ke bAI! buddhadeva nAme eka moTA vaidya che emanI pAse jA, e tArA baccAne jIvatuM karaze." e nirdezAnusAra kisA tamI buddhadevanI pAse gaI. buddhadeve kahyuM: "bAI, tuM ema kara ke eka gherathI eka kaNa ema ekaThI karIne muThIbhara rAI laI Ava. pachI huM tane esiDa karI ApIza. paNa kaNe kaNa eve gherathI leje ke je gharamAM koInuM bharaNuM thayuM na hoya. kisA gAtamI harSa ane AzAbharI gaI ane ghera ghera pharI-paNa evuM eka paNa ghara na maLyuM ke jyAMthI buddhadevanA niyamAnusAra eka kaNa paNa laI zakAya. keI gharamAM pati te kaImAM patnI, keAImAM bhAI te kaImAM hena, keImAM putra te kaImAM putrI, koImAM pitA te kaImAM mAtAema sarvatra keI ne kAI te mareluM ja jovAmAM AvyuM. kisA gAtamI thAkelI ane nirAza buddhadeva pAse gaI ane badhI hakIkata kahI. buddhadeve mRtyu prANimAtrane lAgeluM che e matalabane upadeza dIdhe. tAtparya ke e ja

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prArthanA 601 sthiti atyAre iMglaDa phrAnsa vagere dezomAM akSarazaH satya thaI rahI che. tethI harSanI madirA pIvA IgleMDa ke hindusthAna beThuM che ema keIne brAti mA thAo. ame te zAntisUkta japavA beThA chIe, ane e ame ahIM besIne japI zakIe chIe eTalo ja amAre , Ananda che. zAntisUkta A ke sarve'tra sukhinaH santu sarve santu nirAmayAH / sarve bhadrANi pazyantu mA kazcid duHkhamApnuyAt // . 34 zanina, nittA, rAtiH | [vasanta, bhAdrapada, 1975] - rA - - - - - - - prArthanA vartamAna pAzcAtya vidyAthI saMskArAelA ja sevAne mAne che, prArthanAne mAnatA nathIH jagatamAM rahI nahAnAM hoTAM kartavyo karavA e ja prabhunuM kharuM ArAdhana che, bhagavadgItAne zabda laIne bolIe te "kAga' e ja manuSya ane prabhu vacceno poga" yAne joDANa, gAMThaNa che-ema teonI mAnyatA che. kharekhara, A karma karavAmAM je "ga" anubhavAte hoya, eTale ke jagatanAM kartavyo karavAnI sAthe e kriyAmAM prabhune saMsparza thato lAgato hoya,-arthAta, kamane ja "ga" mAnI levo ema nahi paNa karmamAM vega anubhava eTaluM svIkArAya-te A siddhAnta sAme kAMI kahevAnuM nathI. paNa A siddhAntanuM svarUpa keTalIkavAra enI yogya maryAdAnI bahAra kheMcI javAmAM Ave che. te evI rIte ke emAM sevAdharmanuM pratipAdana karavAnI sAthe prArthanAdharmane niSedha karavAmAM Ave che. gayA zatakanA dharmasaMbadhI pAzcAtya sAhityamAM prArthanA sAme A * eka mahATI dalIla thatI vAMcIe chIe ke "prArthanAthI zuM thaI zake ?' sAyanse A5Nu samakSa evuM jagata khulluM karyuM che ke je kAryakAraNubhAvanI sAMkaLathI daDha jakaDAeluM che, balake je e sAMkaLarUpa ja che, ane jemAM eka rekha mAtra paNa nyUnAdhikatA ke anyathAbhAva karavAnuM sAmarthya nathI. banArasa hindu yunihasiTimAM vidyArthIone dhArmika viSaya upara nAnA nhAnA upadeza apAya che. emAMnA eka aMgrejI upadeza uparathI. 76

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602 prArthanA evI jUnAdhikatA thaI zake ke enI kAryakAraNubhAvanI sAMkaLa teDI zakAya ema mAnavuM e jagatamAM upalabdha thatI vastusthitithI ulaTuM che eTaluM ja nahi, paNa evI mAnyatAthI te jagatane tejamAMthI kADhI andhakAramAM nAMkhavA jevuM thAya che. kAraNa ke, jagatamAM manuSya vyavahAra karI zake che te evI mAnyatAthI ja ke jagata niyamabaddha che, emAM nyUnAdhikatA thaI zakatI nathI, ane enI kAryakAraNubhAvanI sAMkaLa teDI zakAtI nathI. tame belo che ane huM kAna dauM chuM te evI mAnyatAthI ja ke je zabda tame utpanna karyo che te zabdataraMganA vistAranA niyamAnusAra hArA zravaNane pahoMcaze, ane e Indriyagocara thatAM bhASAnA niyamAnusAra huM ene artha karI zakIza. have, viSayane-prArthanAne-A vAta lAgu pADatAM dekhAze ke prabhune prArthanA karavI e mUrkhatA che, kAraNa ke prArthanAthI prakRtinA niyama toDI zakAya nahi, prabhu pite e niyama teDatA nathI, teDI zake ja nahi. arvAcIna yUpe prArthanA sAme A he vAMdho "Natural Order" yAne bhAtika prakRtinA niyamaThArA joye. ApaNuM prAcIna pUrvajoe e ja vAMdhe vizvanA "Moral Order" yAne karmaphalAganA mahAniyamaThArA joyo hato. teone muzkelI e pratIta thaI hatI ke karyo karmanAM phaLa bhegavavAM ja paDe, ane je bhegavIe chIe te karyo karmanAM phaLa ja che, tyAM prArthanAthI ApaNe Izvara pAse zuM karAvI zakIe ? kAMI ja na karAvI zakIe, balka, mImAMsaka siddhAntAnusAra, karmane mahAniyama e ja Izvara che. A AkSepe-prAcIna tema ja arvAcIna jagatamAM vidabuddhinA ja ubhayakALamAM janasamudAya te prArthanAne mAne che ja. prabhu "varNana, sa , sAjathAtuM samartha:' che e sarvadezamAM ane sarvakALamAM Izvara saMbandhI manuSyajAtinI sAmAnya samajhaNa che, ane e samajhaNane poSanArAM ApaNe tyAMnA sAhityamAM be uttamamAM uttama daSTAnta te draupadIvastrapUraNa ane gajendramecana che. enA vivecanamAM UtaravAnuM ke enA AdhyAtmika artha tAravavAnuM A sthAna nathI, paNa e be dRSTAntanA smaraNapUrvaka *ApaNuM prAcIna pUrvajone Natural Order yAne prakRtinA mahAniyamanuM bhAna nahotuM ema tAtparya nathI. e bhAnanA te ghaNuM pUrAvA che. paNa prArthanA ane IzvaranA astitvanA siddhAntamAM naDelo vadhe te mukhyabhAge karmano mahAniyama hate.

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prArthanA 603 asaMkhya AryahudAe dukhanA vakhatamAM bhagavAnanuM zaraNu zodhyuM che, ane teone te maLyuM che-eTalI vAta prakRta viSayanA cintanamAM seMdhIne anubhavamAtrathI pUrvokta vAMdhAne uttara na karatAM, e vAMdhAne sAmAnya manuSyabuddhinI kaseTIe caDhAvIzuM. manuSya A niyamabaddha jagatamAM eka rekha mAtra jUnAdhikatA ke anyathAbhAva karI zakatuM nathI e vAta kharI che? sAmAnya manuSyabuddhi te ethI ulaTuM ja juve che. manuSya kSaNe kSaNe prakRtinA svAbhAvika kAryamAM vacce paDe che, enA pravAhane teDe che, e ApaNe rAtadivasane satata cAlate anubhava che. A patthara hu ahIthI upADIne tahIM mUkuM chuM emAM cAlatI prakRtinI sthitine hu badalatuM nathI te zuM karuM chu ? A pANIne pyAluM upADI A tarasyAne mukhe huM dharuM chu emAM kAryakAraNanI paraMparA cAlatAM je mRtyu thAta tene huM aTakAvuM chu emAM keNa nA kahI zakaze? paNa tame kahezo ke A baMne udAharaNamAM kAryakAraNanA niyamo bhaMga thatuM nathI; mAtra eka kAryakAraNanI para parAmAM bIje huM bhaLe, vA meM bIjI kAryakAraNuparaMparA bheLavI eTaluM ja patthara eka ThekANe paDI rahyA ho tyAMthI bIje ThekANe laI javAmAM, meM mArI pitAnI jAtane kAryakAraNanI paraMparAmAM nAMkhI, ane prakRtinA niyama pALAne ja huM ene ahIthI tahI laI gayA; te ja pramANe, jaLa vinA pelA tarasyA manuSyanI nADIo tUTavA jatI hatI tyAM e kAryakAraNanI para parAmAM vacce paDIne meM e manuSyane jaLa ApIne e paraMparA teDI, temAM kAryakAraNabhAvane meM niyama toDyo nahi, paNa kAraNasAmagrImAM pheraphAra karIne kAryamAM pheraphAra karI dIdhA. A khulAsAnA uttaramAM sAmAnya manuSyabuddhi ATaluM ja kahezeH vArU, A te manuSya jyAre kaI paNa kRti kare che tyAre prakRti sAthe Upajato ene saMbandha kevI rIte thAya che enuM sUhamadarzana thayu. prakRtinI cAlatI e sthitimAM e phAcara mArI zake che, enA vahetA pravAhamAM baMdha bAMdhI zake che ke pravAhane teDI zake che, ane trIju rUpaka laIe te eka pAchaLa eka cAlatAM kAryakAraNanAM gADarAnI hAramAM DAMga mArI ene bharavADa e hArane teDI zake che tathA Ama ke tema vALI zake che-A vastusthitine game te khulAse Ape, enuM game te rIte varNana kare-- paNa varastusthiti che tene niSedha karI zakAze nahi. jaDa prakRtinI sAkaLamAM vibhaMga karanArI manuSyakRtinI avagaNanA karIne je tatvajJAna racAya che temAM manuSya pote potAne ja gaNa bhUlI jAya che. pelI dasADIAnI

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604 prArthanA vAta-dasa dasADIA UjANue gayA, jhADa nIce pahoMcIne saMghanAM mANasa gaNavA mAMDayAM, tyAM nava thayAM ! gaNanAre pite pitAne ja na gaNyo ! tema, manuSya jyAre vizvanA niyama daDha che, emAM rekha paNa ADI avaLI khaseDI zakAtI nathI, ema kahe che tyAre vastutaH jaDaprakRtine pitAnA prajanane bhAge vALI zakanAra evI pitAnI ja citanya zaktine e bhUlI jAya che. ema kahevAmAM Avaze ke jaDaprakRtinA pravAhane manuSya svazaktithI yatheccha vALI zake che ema nathI, paNa jaDaprakRtinA pravAhamAM manuSyaprakRtine pravAha bhaLe che, ane pratyeka tipitAnA niyamane anusare che; athavA te, manuSya ane bAhya jagatamAM eka ja mahAprakRtinA niyama pravartI rahyA che. arthAt je kAMI che-bAhya vA Ara-te saghaLuM acaLa niyamane vazavartI che. Ama ubhayathA niyama ja niyama che, vairacArI kazuM nathI. temAM eka khaMDa bIjA khaMDa sAthe saMbaMdhamAM AvI ekabIjA upara asara karate jaNAya, paNa e be khaMDamAM, vA be khaMDa bhaLI je eka gola brahmAMDa) thAya che temAM, bahArathI koI eka sUcI (TAMkaNI) paNa bheMkI zake ema nathI. ja niyama che, svairacAre thIjA khaMDa sAthe para asara karate A vizva--draSTA ane dazya ubhaya maLI-eka akhaMDa padArtha che e kabUla che. paNa e akhaMDa padArtha zuM che e vicAranI bAbata che, ane ene yathArtha nirNaya durabInane kaye cheDethI ApaNe joIe chIe enA upara AdhAra rAkhe cheH bane cheDA sarakhA nathI-eka cheDethI jotAM viparIta bhAsa balake adhakAra che, bIje cheDethI prakAza ane yathArthadarzana che. eka cheDethI draSTA te te dazyane eka vibhAga banI jAya che, bIje cheDethI letAM dazya te draSTAthI sarjAte ane ghaDAto padArtha pratIta thAya che. A (1) draSTA ane dazyane viveka, ane (2) draSTAthI dazya bane che, dazyathI daSTa banatuM nathI e siddhAnta, te advaita vedAntanAM traNa pagalAMmAMnuM paheluM ane bIju pagaluM che. draSTA ane dazyano bheda samajo, arthAta dazyamAM draSTAne samAvI devo nahi, manuSya te prakRtinuM ja pUtaLuM che evI pauruSahIna mati rAkhavI nahi, e vedAntanuM paheluM pagaluM. te pachI, dazya draSTAne sajelo ane nirantara sajate padArtha che, ane draSTA ene svaprajanAnusAra ghaDI zake che evI pauruSamaya mati karavI e vedAntanuM bIjuM pagaluM. (trIjA pagalAnI carcA atre aprastuta che). A bIjuM

Page #662
' prArthanA 605 ja choDI dIdhutAM tyAre ja eNe pagaluM bharIne jotAM, manuSya prakRtinA niyatraNathI mukta thaI jAya che, ane je je Icche che te te sAdhe che, je je mAge che te te pAme che. prakRtinA grAhathI chUTavA cetana AtmA UDI cIsa pADe ane caitanyadhana paramAtmA ene choDAve nahi e saMbhavita che? dharmane varelI bhatine e duSTo kanaDavA jAya ane te vakhate e ati "prabhu, mahArI lAja rAkho ! ema UMDA hadayathI uccAre te prabhu enI lAja kema lUMTAvA de? lUMTAvA de te paramAtmAe A jagata nuM sukAna cheDI dIdhu jANavuM, A jagata devanuM maTI asuranuM thaI rahyuM samajhavuM. sthala daSTie jotAM jyAre jIsasanI prArthanA na saMbhaLAI ane prabhue ene tyajI dIdho, te ja vakhate eNe ene vastutaH tyajI dIdhuM nahatuM, balake svIkAryo hato, ane te ja divasathI cUrepamAM enA dharmarAjyanuM cakrapravartana AraMvyuM hatuM. UMDA hadayanI prArthanA kadI niSphaLa jatI nathI. paNa te deva pratye hovI joIe, asura pratye nahi. jagata UMdhu vaLI jAo, enA niyamo tUTI jAo, tejane sthAne adhakAra vyApI rahe, puNyane badale pApa pravartI-evI prArthanA te "prabhu ! tame A vizvamAM na hai !" ema kahevA samAna che. evI prArthanA na saMbhaLAya te prabhu sAbhaLato nathI ema na kahevAya, kAraNa ke evI prArthanA asura pratye ja che Izvara pratye nathI. ethI ulaTA prakAranI prArthanA kadI saMbhaLAyA vinA rahI nathI, ane manuSyajAtine samagra itihAsa ene sAkSI che. jagata paramAtmAnA niyamathI cAlo, e niyamanA prabhAvathI jagatanuM kalyANa thAo, jagatanA aMdhArA khuNAomA navA jJAnanAM kiraNe paDe, jagatamA pApano kSaya thAo ane puNyanI vRddhi pAme-e ja manuSyajAtinA ItihAsamAM enI UMDI IcchA jovAmAM Ave che, ane e ja IcchA saphaLa thaIne, manuSya jAti jagalI dazAmAMthI nIkaLI saMskAravALI dazAmAM pagalAM bharatI jAya che. sAra(1) prArthanA sAme vAdha ke-prArthanAthI prakRtinA niyamane ulaTAvI zakAya nahi; prakRti kAryakAraNanA niyamathI baMdhAelI che. (2) ene uttara ke puruSa prakRtinI kAryakAraNa para parAne pratikSaNe teDe che, e paraMparAnI vacamAM paDe che.

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606 kavi ane mahAtmA (3) prakRti ane puruSa maLI eka akhaMDa vizva bane che, jemAM .. paramAtmA paNa kAMI pheraphAra karI zake nahi-e kharuM, (4) paNa, ene uttara ke-prakRti ane puruSa-dasya ane draSTA -bene saMbandha vadhAre UMDA UtarIne tapAsatAM jaNAya che ke prakRti puruSane ghaDe che te karatAM puruSa prakRtine ghaDe che ema kahevuM vadhAre UMcuM ane vadhAre sAcuM che. ane (5) manuSyajAtinI saMskRti (Civilization) e puruSanI para mAtmA pratyenI prArthanAnI, ane prArthanAnA phaLa rUpe prakRti upara eNe meLavelA vijayanI, sanAtana ghoSaNuM che. [ vasanta, vaizAkha saMvata 1977] 11 kavi ane mahAtmA hAlamAM "moDarna-rivyu" mAM kavivara ravIndranAtha Thakakare asahAga sAme prabaLa AkSepa karyo che ane mahAtmA gAMdhIjIe ene, "yaMga InDiyA mAM uttara Apyo che. kavizrIe traNa patra lakhyA che temAM pahelAmAM mahAtmAjIe hindu- ' sthAnamAM je AdhyAtmika sattva jAgrata karyuM che, tathA "nArAyaNasenA karatAM nArAyaNane mahimA svIkAryo che, enI kavie prazaMsA karI che. bIjAmAM gAMdhIjInA asahayoga sAme sakhata vAMdho lIdho che ke asahaga e abhAvAtmaka che, bhAvAtmaka nathIH bauddha dharma jema "nirvANa" eTale ke dI bUjhavavAne upadeza karyo x paNa upaniSadanI mAphaka brahmabhAva yAne AnandaprApti na batAvI-tema gAMdhIjI zALAo tyajAve che, paNa jJAnaprAptinI yojanA karatA nathI ema daSTAntapUrvaka kavine AkSepa che. me mAsanA moDarna rivyumAM prakaTa thayA che. + arjuna ane duryodhana vacce kRSNa ane emanI senAnI vahecaNI thaI -tyAre ane kRSNa mAgI lIdhA ane duryodhane kRSNanI senA pasaMda karI. * gautama buddhane pitAne upadeza judA tAtparya hato-ahaMtA bujhavavAne hate-ema A lekhakanuM mAnavuM che.

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kavi ane mahAtmA 07 trIjAmAM kavi pazcimanI saMskRti tyajI pUrvanI saMskRti svIkAravA gAMdhIjI je upadeza karI rahyA che te sAme kahe che ke kharI saMskRtinI bhAvanA te pUrva ane pazcimanA samanvaya che, ane e samanvayane badale vidha upadezavAmAM gAMdhIjInI bhUla rahelI che. gAMdhIjIe vacalA patranA uttara vALyA che. paNa emAM asahayeAga e vastutaH bhAvAtmaka ja che ema siddha karavAnA emanA yatna nathI. pratyuta abhAvAtmaka pravRttinA acAva cheH udAharaNu----sadAcArI jIvana gALavA mATe pApanA saMga tyajavA joI e, khetaramAM sArA pAka upajAvavA mATe nakAmAM jaDIAM ukhADI nAMkhavAM joI e. ityAdi kahe che. ane kavizrIe brahmavidyA ane bauddhadhanA upadezanA bheda dRSTAntarUpe letAM aududharmanA 'nirvANa' sAme upaniSadnA 'mukti' zabda mUkyA hatA. kavizrI upaniSadnI bhAvanA brahmabhUya,' brahmabhAva,' satsaMpatti' ityAdi aneka bhAvAtmaka zabdomAM prakaTa karI zakataH paraMtu durbhAgye emaNe 'mukti' zabdanA upayAga karyo--jethI mahAtmAjIne batAvavuM saheluM thayuM ke 'mukti' eTale chuTavuM, e paNa nirvANu jevuM ja abhAvAtmaka, ane vaLI upaniSad paNa nakArabhAvanA mahimA 'neti neti' e mahAvAkyamAM pAkAre che. x x ApaNA prAcIna sAhityamAM " hanumAna garuDanA saMvAda " suprasiddha che; baMne ekaekathI khaLAyA che, baMne viSNu bhakta che. mahAtmA ane kavivaranA saMvAdamAM ApaNI prAkRta mati Ane vijayamALa paherAvI zake? tathApi baMne AgaLa eka eka kSaNa e mALa dharI heAya te kevuM ? x mahAtmA bhUlI jAya che ke kavizrI kavisaMpradAyamAM magALAnA vaiSNava dharmanA ane brAhmadharma" nA anuyAyI che. emanuM brahma zaMkarAcAryanuM 'naiti neti' nathI, paNa vaiSNava AcAryonuM sat cit ananya che. eTale neti netinuM pramANu emane zuM kAma Ave? kavizrIe asahayeAga' ne abhAvAtmaka kahyo tyAre enA eka deza upara ja dRSTi rAkhI--je eka dezanI paNa mahAtmAjIe peAtAnA vAdamAM rakSA karI. paNa vastutaH sAcA ane UDA asahayeAga' te Anuzasya' ane ahiMsA' zabdanI mA dekhItA ja abhAvAtmaka che; jema ahiMsA' te sUkuM verAna nahi paNa karuNA ane maitrI (prema)nuM bharyuM pUra che, tema kharA ane UMDA asahayAga' te sarakArane tyAga nahi, paNa AtmabaLanA sAkSAtkAra che.

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samabhAvanA chehindusthAnanI sA vezavAda 604 kavi ane mahAtmA te ja pramANe gAMdhIjIne pazcimanI saMskRti pratye virodha paNa arvAcIna pazcimanI saMskRti pratye ja che, ane pUrvanI saMskRti upara prema te prAcIna pUrvanI saMskRti upara ja che. paNa A prAcIna pUrvanI saMskRti te gAMdhIjI upadeze che tevuM ja jIvana nahotuM. sAduM ane tapAmaya jIvana e jIvananA Adya ane antima Azrama rUpe rahI madhya jIvananA gAnamAM sUra pUratuM hatuM ane samasta jIvanane eka madhuruM saMgIta banAvatuM hatuM. kavivaranI upamA laIe te, taMbUrAnA sUranI mAphaka jIvananA gAnane besUruM thatAM e rakatuM hatuM. paNa taMbUrAnA sUra e ja jema saghaLuM gAna nahi, tema sAduM ane tamaya jIvana e ja pUrvanI prAcIna saMskRti nahi. A pramANe saMpUrNa satya grahaNa karatAM gAMdhIjInI bhAvanAnI apUrNatA samajhAya che, sAthe e paNa samajhAya che ke kavivara je pUrva ane pazcimanA , samanvayanI bhAvanA dhe che te zodhavA mATe emaNe hindusthAnanI bahAra javAnI jarUra nathI kAraNake hindusthAnanA ja prAcIna samayamAM baMne bhAvanA sundara rIte maLelI jovAmAM Avaze. paNa A te svadezavAda (Nationalism), sarva dezavAda (Internationalism) nahi-ema kavizrI kaheze. ane ApaNe jANue chIe ke kavi svadezavAdI nathI, sarva dezavAdI che. eo kahe che ke A jagata nuM samagra satya eka ja deza ke khaMDane kema jaNAeluM heya? pUrve kAMIka pazcimane ApavAnuM hoya, pazcime pUrvane ApavAnuM hoya. A kahevuM dekhItuM ThIka che. paNa vastutaH satyanA kakaDA karIne paramezvare jagata upara pheMkyA nathIH adhuM satya jANe pUrvamAM prakaTa karyuM hoya, ane arthe pazcimamAM, ane pachI manuSyajAtine e be ardhIo ekaThAM karavAnuM soMpyuM hoya ema nathIH darekamAM satyanuM pUrNa prAkaTaca ja hoya che, hovuM ja joIe, kAraNa ke jyAM manuSyatva tyAM satya, ane manuSyatva sarvatra tema satya paNa sarvatra paNa aitihAsika saMjogone laI satyanA judA judA aMzo pRthvInA judA judA bhAgamAM prAdhAnya ke gauNatA pAme che eTale eka bIjA dezane eka bIjAnI apekSA rahe che te eTalI ja ke gauNa aMzane yathocita prAdhAnya apAvavuM--ApaNuM prAcIna samayamAM vyavahAranI gauNatA nahotI, paNa, aitihAsika kAraNone lIdhe ApaNuM vyAvahArika jIvana gauNu sthAne mUkAI gayuM che te ene gya pada ApaNe punaH prApta karAvavuM; ane pazcimanA deze vyavahAramAM DUbI paramArtha bhUlI gayA che te teoe emanA pUrvajone jANItuM paramArtha jIvana pharI sevavuM. atyAre pUrvanI bhAvanAnuM ja pRthvI upara jora hota te kadAca gAMdhIjI

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- Atma-anAtma-daSTi 609 sAdA ane tApamaya jIvana mATe ATale Agraha na karataH paNa vastusthitimAM, atyAre pazcimane jaDavAda ane baLavAdane vAyu ja sarvatra phUMkI rahyo che, ane hindusthAnanI ucca bhAvanAne paNa vinAza karI rahyo che, tethI gAMdhIjI hindusthAnane jorathI upadeza che ke pazcimane tyaje. vivekI : sajajane AhAra mAtramAM viSAMza ane amRtAMza rahelA che ema samajhI emAMthI viSAMza dUra karaze, samagra AhArane pheMkI deze nahi. paNa avivekI AhArIne viSAMzanuM smaraNa ApavAnI jarUra che. [vasaMta, vaizAkha, saMvata 1977] 12 Atma-anAtma-daSTi Da, TAgera hAlamAM jyAM jyAM bhASaNa Ape che tyAM tyAM ghaNuM kharuM eka siddhAnta bhAra mUkIne upadeza che. e emaNe pahelAM-gAMdhIjI sAthenA vivAdamAM upade hatuM, ane te vakhate vasanta patramAM "hinda hitacitaka" nI sahIthI lakhanAra lekhake enA guNadoSanuM vivecana karyuM hatuM. e vivecananI atre punarukti karavAnI jarUra nathI. e siddhAnta e che ke "rASTrIyatva karatAM manuSya mAtra pratye badhubhAvane upadeza uccatara che." (hamaNuM amadAvAdamAM ApelA bhASaNane gujarAtI paMcamAM Avelo riTe): rASTrIyatva karatAM bhUtamAtra pratye AtmabhAva-sraramata sarvataig-no. siddhAnta ja UMce manAya hato. zAtiniketanamAM pote je saMsthA sthApI che ene uddeza pUrva ane pazcimane eka bIjAnI pAse lAvI eka bIjAnI sAthe bhAvanAnI Apa-le karavAnuM zIkhavavAne che. pUrvane pazcimathI aLaguM rAkhavAmAM lAbha nathI, ema karavuM agya tema ja azakya che. AnI sAme ema kahevAmAM AvyuM che ke rAjakIya gulAmImAM paDI rahelI prajA pazcimanI svatantra prajAne potAnI AdhyAtmika bhAvanA upadezavA jAya to enuM kANu sAMbhaLe ? balka, e prajA pitAnuM AdhyAtmika zreya paNa kema sAdhI zake? A AkSepane uttara ApatAM Do, TAgora pUche keH "mudde zuM ema kahyuM hatuM ke mahArU rAjya te mahArUM ja hovuM joIe, pachI badhA dezanA lokone bolAvIne emane AdhyAtmika jJAna

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60 Atma-anAma-daSTi ApavAnI sattA mane maLe? pahelI pitAnI rAjakIya sattA ane pachI . ucca AdarzonA upadeza devAne adhikAra e krama che? jIsasa krAIsTa zuM pahelethI remana rAjyathI mukti meLavavAnI jarUra batAvI hatI ? yAjJa valkaya jyAre jaMgalamAM jatA hatA ane maitreyIne milkata ApavA mAMDI tyAre maitreyIe zuM kahyuM hatuM? teNe kahyuM hatuM ke "huM vittane zuM karuM? ethI kAMI amaratva maLaze?" teNe pahelAM rAjyadvArI sattA ke ahika maheTAI meLavIne pachI Adarza pramANe vartavAnI vAta karI nahatI." AdhyAtmika baLathI bharapUra buddha ke krAIsTa jevo mahApuruSa rAjakIya vAtAvaraNanI darakAra rAkhyA vagara jagatane mahAna dharma ApI zake tema, eka parAdhIna prajAegrIse pitA upara rAjya karanArI prajA upara- rAma upara-pitAnI saMskRtinuM rAjya sthApyuM jANavAmAM che paNa je mahattA mahAna buddha ke krAIsTanI hatI tevI atyAre kaMI paNa hindanA vatanInI che? che ema mAnavuM e mithyA kalpanA che. eTaluM ja nahi, paNa teonI saphaLatAnAM je aitihAsika kAraNa hatAM te prakRti prasaMgamAM hAjara nathI. te ja pramANe, je aitihAsika paristhitimAM mane grIse pitAnI saMskRti ApI te paristhiti atyAre briTana ane hindanA saMbadhamAM nathI e paNa itihAsanAM daSTAntonI dalIla karanAre yAda rAkhavuM joIe. jIvana evo akhaMDa padArtha che ke enA khaMDa pADI e khaMDanA sudhArAnuM pauvaparya nakkI karavA besavuM emAM mUlamAMthI ja bhUla thakI AraMbha karI e upara vicAranuM caNatara caNavAmAM Ave che. kharI vAta che ke maitrayI mAne che tema AtmA parama puruSArthanuM lakSyabindu che. je manuSya AtmA teNe badhuM khAyuMane je prajAmAM AdhyAtmika baLa nathI, te bhale Arthika baLa ane rAjakIya baLamAM agresara prajA hoya, paNu manuSyajAti tarIke je pitAne parama adhikAra che teNe gumAvyo ja che. paNa vastutaH atre "AtmA eTale zuM samajhavuM? hadayaguhAmAM rahelo kAIka ajJAta ane aNeya pArasamaNi? ema hoya te enI prApti mATe te pUrva ane pazcimane eka bIjA sAthe saMlApa karAvavAnI jarUra nathI-ogasAdhanA ja ene khare mArga che. jIvananI saghaLI pravRttione samudAya e "AtmA'? te te, emAM rAjakIya pravRttione paNa samAna veza thAya. e samudAyanuM kendrabhUta tatva e AtmA"? e kendrabhUta tattva zuM che e vicAreka vartula vagara kendra kevuM? jIvananI saghaLI pravRttio

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Atma-anAtma-daSTi 611 vagara e pravRttionuM madhyabindu zI rIte saMbhave? paNa Ama saghaLI pravRttio kAyama rAkhIe, ane emane AtmAmAM samAvIe, te pachI AtmadaSTi ane anAtmadaSTi vacce bheda kyAM rahyA ? ema zaMkA thAya eno uttara ke anAtmadaSTi te te anAtma padArthane-dhana, rAjya, sattA Adine-te te padArtha rUpe grahaNa kare che. AtmadaSTi te te padArthanI kimata AtmAnI dRSTithI ja-AtmAne saunA madhya sthAne mUkIne-AMke che. AtmA zanya khAkhu (vacuum) nathI, pUrNa bharapUra-sabhara bharyo- padArtha (plenum) cheH upaniSadu vAraMvAra saMbhaLAve che tema, "pUmaDa pUrNamidaM pUrNAt pUrNamudacyate / pUrNasya pUrNamAdAya puurnnmevaavshissyte||" "A pUrNa, ane peluM paNa pUrNa, pUrNamAthI pUrNa ulecavAmAM Ave che, te paNa, pUrNamAthI pUrNa letA paNa, pUrNa ja bAkI rahe che." ane tethI AtmAmAMthI anAtmapadArthane ulecI nAkhatA paNa AtmAnI pUrNa tAmAM khAmI AvatI nathI. kAraNake anAtma padArtha te AtmAthI bhinna nathI, paNa AtmAne vilAsa che. anAtmapadArtha AtmAthI bhinna nathI chatA AtmaSTi ane anAtmadaSTi vacce bheda pADavAno, ane temAM ekane yathArtha ane bIjIne mithyA kahevAno hetu e che ke AmAmAthI anAtmAno khulAso thaI zake che, anAtmAmAthI AtmAne thaI zakato nathI. Ama AtmA ja vizvanuM kendra che e kharU, te paNa upara kahyuM tema dhyAnamAM rAkhavAnuM che ke AtmA anAtmAthI khAlI nathI paNa anAtmAthI bharelo che. e anAtmAne pitAmAthI UpajAvI potAnA raMgathI rage che, pitAnA rasathI rase che, pitAnI ja dRSTithI daSTigocara kare che. prAcInakALamAM kevaLa hindamAM ja nahi, paNa pazcimanI bIjI sudharelI prajAomAM paNa upara pramANe AtmaSTinu gaurava hatu. paNa pazcimanA ItihAsamAM eka samaya evo Avyo ke AtmadaSTa kajaLAI gaI ane jaDavAde jIvana upara rAjya besADayu. sAmAjika baMdhAraNa ekabIjAnA sAhAcya (co-operation) ne badale paraspara harIphAI (competition) upara baMdhAyu, ane ethI anAtmaSTi vadhArene vadhAre phAlatI gaI. ApaNe tyAM anAtmadaSTie AtmadaSTine lApI to nahi, paNa Atma* DA. TAgorane Avo saMnyAsadharma ISTa paNa na ja hoya, nathI ja. * dhana, gRha, rAjya Adi anAtmapadArtha maLIne je saMskRti bane che te AtmAne ja vilAsa che. besADa. AtmadaSTi co-ope petition)

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12 strIone upanayana saMskAra dRSTinuM teja-vRddha mANasanI dRSTi jevuM-kSINa thatuM gayuM, ane prAcIna AtmadaSTi hajI sudhI astitvamAM rahyA chatAM e bahu kAryakAriNI rahI nahi. hinda pitAnI AtmadaSTi ja pharI tejasvinI karIne jagatane ApavI joIe, ane tethI svarAjyanA udyogane pahela ApavI na joIe ema che. TAgerane upadeza che. sAmAnyarUpe A upadezanI yathArthatA ApaNe svIkArIzuM. paNa AtmAne ApaNe vyavahArakhAlI bekhuM mAnI zakatA nathI, tethI rAjakIya Athika ke sAmAjika sudhArAno bahiSkAra karI zakIzuM nahi. mAtra e sarvane kendrasthAne-agrasthAne nahi, paNa kendrasthAne, kAraNa ke e ja AtmAnuM kharU sthAna che-adhyAtma vicArane mUkIzuM. paraMtu vizeSamAM, rAjakIya udyogane anAdara karanAra vicArakene ATaluM pUchIzuM ke dharma artha samAja Adi sarva jAtanA sudhArA karatAM rAjakIya sudhArAe atyAre hindanu dhyAna vadhAre karyuM che enuM zuM kAraNa e bhUla che ema kahevuM saheluM che. paNa dardIne hAtha pharI pharIne zarIranA amuka sthAna upara ja paDe te samajhavuM na joIe ke dardIne te sthAne darda vadhAre che? A dardanI lAgaNamAM pAzcAtya keLavaNI ke jemAM rAjakIya svAtavyanA vicAra prAdhAnya bhogave che e keTaleka aMze kAraNabhUta haze, paNa eTalAthI A tIvra lAgaNano pUrepUre khulAso thato nathI. darda sAcu ane UMDuM che, ane zarIranA bIjA avayavo upara paNa e asara karI rahyuM che. dardI hinda karatAM taMdurasta hinda anya prajAne AdhyAtmika upadeza vadhAre sAre ApI zakaze. [ vasanta, phanzana, saM. 1979 ] strIone upanayana saMskAra hArIta muninuM eka vacana ke faSadha trio trAvinyaH rathavshvshc / tatra brahmavAdinInAmupanayanamagnIndhana, vedAdhyayanaM svagRhe ca bhikSAcayati sadyovadhUnAM tu upasthite vivAhe kthNcidupnynamAjhuM nava vivAdu vALeH "--(be prakAranI strIoH brahmavAdinI ane sovadhuH temAM, brahmavAdinIone upanayana, agnInjana vedAdhyayana, ane pitAnA gharamAM bhikSAcarya; sadyovadhUne vivAha AvI paDatAM, jema

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strIone upanayana saMskAra 13 pitR amArI (gAyatrI). upanayananA bhAgavAnI tema upanayana mAtra karI vivAha kara ") enA saMbadhamAM "ta pajatarAmiAya A kalpAntara mATe samajhavuM" ema smRticindrikA kahe che, ane samarthanamAM manunuM (vRddha manunuM) vacana Take cheH "tathAca manu:-"purAkalpe kumArINAM maujIbandhanamiSyate / adhyApanaM ca vedAnAM sAvitrIvacanaM tathA // pitA pitRvyo nAtA vA nainAmadhyApayet prH| svagRhe caiva kanyAyA bhaikSacaryA vidhIyate / varjayedajinaM daNDaM jaTAdhAraNameva ca // " pUrvakALamA kumArikAone "maujIbalpana" ("upanayana'ne aMgabhUta vidhi) vedanuM adhyApana, tathA sAvitrI (gAyatrI) mannanI vidhi have emAM adhyApana pitA, pitRvya, athavA bhAI kare, pArake nahi; ane bhikSA mAgavAnI te kanyAe pitAnA gharamAM ja; atre daMDa ane jaTA dhAraNuM na karavAM e pramANe hatuM. kanyAe anne daMDa jaTA zA mATe dhAraNa na karavAM enuM kAraNa to khulluM che. strIonA jIvananI bhAvanA puruSa karatAM bhinna--saundaryanI--che. ane pUrvokata veSa kadarUpa lAgavAthI mRtikAe ene strIone mATe niSedha karyo. gharamAM ja bhikSA mAgavAnuM kAraNa strIonA gauravane e kArya aNachAjatu che ema kAIka lAgelu; ane te sAthe, puruSonI duSTatAnA kAraNathI emane apamAnano ke cAritrabha gana prasaMga na Ave te mATe paNa bahAra bhikSAe javAne niSedha karavAnI jarUra paDelI. gharamAM ja pitA vagere pAse adhyayana karavAnuM kaheluM che temAM paNa e ja kAraNa che. paraMtu purAvArUpa" eTale pUrva kALa nahi, paNa e te arthavAdane eka prakAra che ema koI eka ajJa ADaMbarI lekhake TIkA karelI amane yAda Ave che. paraMtu e bhAIne smRticikikAnuM "tapAtamikAca" e vacana uttara rUpe basa na hoya te emane ame purAkalpa' e arthavAdane prakAra zAthI che e viSe vicAra karavA vInavIzuM. nyAyabhASyakAra vAtsyAyana "purAvA " nuM mImAMsApradazita svarUpa batAvatAM kahe che? tirasArita vidhiH purAvArU-pUrve A pramANe hatuM ema itihAsathI karela vidhi te "purAkalpa", e arthavAda kahevAya tenuM kAraNa "vicAhya sAcavarthastha thotanAta arthAta vidhinA AdhArabhUta koI eka artha(vastu)nuM e sUcana kare che tethI.

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14. strIone upanayana saMskAra A eka laukika DahApaNuM ane sAvacetIne prazna che. atyAre paNa Avazyaka lAge te e sAvacetI levA keI nA pADatuM nathI. "coeducation" yAne chekarA ne chokarIone ekaThAM besADIne keLavaNI ApavI ke emane mATe judI saMsthAo karavI e keLavaNInI vigatane prazna che, ane emAM paNa amuka vaya sudhI ja sahazikSaNa rAkhavuM ane pachI nahi athavA te amuka prAntamAM-lekanA rItarivAja, mAnasavRtti jatAM ThIka che anyatra nahi athavA te hiMmatathI sahazikSaNanI saMsthA sArvatrika karavI ane turata pariNabhamAM kAMIka nukasAna thatuM najare paDe che tenI darakAra na karavI; ityAdi vigatanA matabheda saMbhave che, ane keI udAra hitacintaka AmAM pitAnA mata mATe atyanta Agraha-durAgraha nahi ja kare. atyAre mukhya prazna strIonI keLavaNI ane vivAhanI ummarane ja che. e mATe upara TAMkelA pramANu upara vicAra karavA zAstravAdI virodhIone amArI vinaMti che. vicAra karatAM eka vAta e paNa spaSTa samajhAze ke "gha" padamAM "va" AgaLa "sathI vizeSaNuM lagADayuM che e bahu sUcaka che; ethI jaNAI Ave che ke kanyAnA mAtra be ja varga nahotA. jeo samasta jIvana naiSThika brahmacAriNI thaIne rahe che, ane jeo saghaturata-vivAha karI gRhasthAzramamAM joDAI jAya te; trIjo varga evo paNa hatuM ke je "sA" nahi paNa keTalAka kALa pachI eTale vidyAgrahaNa karyA pachI vivAha kare. Ama na hoya to te vizeSaNa nakAmuM thaI jAya. A "brahmavAdinI"ne prakAra jaina ane bauddha sAdhvI ane bhikSaNInA anukaraNamAMthI utpanna thayo haze ema paNa kahevAze nahi, kAraNa ke brahmavAdinI" gautama ane mahAvIra bhagavAnanA samaya pUrve paNa hatI e ApaNe anya pramANathI sArI rIte jANIe chIe, ane vizeSamAM pUrvokta smRtio spaSTa kahe che ke " purAkalpa"mAM--athata, jUnA kALamAM--e pramANe thatu. tethI bauddha ane jaina dharmanA, uddabhava pachI e samaya che ema kahI zakAze nahi. balka, bAddha ane jaina dharmanA, uttara kALamAM je chUTathI yAjachava parivArikA rahevAnAM mAThAM pariNAma AvyAM enI pAchaLanA hindu lokamata upara prabaLa asara thaI ane prAcIna rivAjamAM parivarta thayo. jarA paNa atihAsika dRSTie vicAra karanArane pUrvokta smRtivAkyanI aMdara A ItihAsa paDela daSTigocara thayA vinA raheze nahi.

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traNa harikIrtana 5 vivAha vaya ane saMmati vayanA kAyadA saMbaMdhI je mila lejisleTiva esembali AgaLa AvanAra che e sAme zAstrane AdhAre virAdha uThA vanArane upara jaNAvelI vastusthiti dhyAnamAM levA amArI vinaMti che, , [vasanta, poSa, saM. 1985] 14 traNa harikIrtana 39 .. gayA unhALAmAM mhAre tyAM rA. rA. bhAI candrazakara ane emanAM patnI sau. sudhA mhene rA. candraza'karanAM kAvyA, eka prasaMgAcita prastAvanA karIne ane khIjAe enuM gAna karIne, amane saMbhaLAvyAM, samajhAvyAM. prasaMgApAtta vAtamAM rA. candrazaMkarane mhe kahyuM: ' candraza kara, ekAda sundara harikIna sAMbhaLavAnuM mana thayuM che, paNa have hiradAsa bahu ochA thaI gayA che, ane prasaMga AvatA nathI. rA. candrazakare emanI lAkSaNika saujanyathI e vAta smRtimAM saMdharI lIdhI ane sundara harikIta na karanAra DAkAranivAsI rA. rA. girijAzaMkara devaza'kara bhaTTane naDiyAda teDyA ane mane niDayAda khelAvye . huM AnandathI gayA. " DAhIlakSmI lAI brerI " mAM rA. girijAzaMkare traNa TaMka vividha rUpanAM traNa hirakItana karyA : paheluM tulasIdAsanA rAmAyaNamAMthI, rAmacandrajI gaMgA UtaryAM te vakhate kevaTa (kaivarta=hADIvALA) sAthe thayelA saMvAdane lagatuM hatuM; khIjAM raghuvaMzanA khIjA sagamAM vasiSTha RSinI gAyanuM rakSaNa karatAM dilIparAjA ane si' vacce maMvAda che te viSe hatuM; ane trIjA, azvatthAmAe pAMDavAnAM khALa mArI nAMkhyAM ane ene pakaDIne ane draupadI AgaLa UbhA karyAM te vakhate draupadIe ene kSamA ApI; ane chatAM e duSTa enI duSTatA na cheDatAM uttarAnA garbha upara brahmAstra mUkyuM, te sAme bhagavAna zrIkRSNe sudarzanacakra mUkI garbhanI rakSA karI e vastunuM hatuM. viSayanI pasaMdagI aneka rasathI bharapUra hatI, ane te sAthe saMgIta UMcA prakAranuM, ane vacce bhaktinA udgAra sAcA hRdayanA hatA. emAMnA khIjA ane trIjA kIrtananAM padyo je rA. girijAzaMkare peAte saMskRtamAMthI gUjarAtImAM UtAyA che, te nIce ApyAM che, paNu kIrtananA pUrA khyAla levA mATe te vAcake ene gAI levAM, vA gavAtAM kalpanAmAM pratyakSa karavAM, bhaktirasamAM Atmanimajjana karavuM, e rasamAM AtmAne tameALa karavA.

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616 traNa harikIrtana rA. girijAzaMkarabhAI harikIrtana karI kAMI puraskAra letA nathI. pite DAkoranI myunisipeliTInA pramukha ane tyAMnI zALAnA heDa mAsTara che. mAtra bhaktirasane Ananda levA ane ApavA pite harikIrtana kare che. ane tethI emanA pahelA kIrtanane ane emane upakAra mAnatAM meM jaNAvyuM hatuM ke "rAtI mAM nirca sunita ramati =" =hArI kathA karatA eo (bhakatajane) hamezAM tuSTa rahe che ane Ananda pAme che"--ema zrImadbhagavadgItAmAM ApeluM bhaktanuM varNana emane yathArtha lAgu paDe che. zrotAone Azcarya prazna thayo haze ke je dhAtu je De. bhAMDArakaranI mArgo padezikAmAM AtmapadI tarIke Apelo che e ahIM parasmapadI [rajo ne badale kita] kema? gInAnuM atipadamAM tAtparya evuM che ke santone Ananda sAtamane-svArthe nathI hotA, paNa parama-parArthe ja hoya che. rA. girijAzaMkara A varganA haridAsa che. pahelA kIrtanamAM pUrvaraMganuM pada A hatuM - dInabadhu! kRpAsiMdhu ! kRpAbindu gho amane tulasIdAsanA rAmAyaNamAM A bhAvane anukUla prasaMgeAmAM traNa suprasiddha che; pahele rAma lakSmaNa ane sItA gaMgA UtaravA kAMThe UbhAM che tyAM kevaTa (heDIvALA) sAthe; bIjo zabarInAM bero; ane trIjo jaTAyu rAvaNa sAthe laDhatAM ghavAIne jamIna upara paDelo rAme joyo ane enI sAravAra karI che. A traNe prasaMga rAmanI dayA ane kRpA kevI vizALa hatI, ane ghotita (prakAzita sucita, dhvanita) arthamAM paramAtmAnI jIva mAtra upara kevI dayA ane kRpA che, e batAve che. emAMnA bIjA ane trIjAne sahaja sparza karI, haridAse pahelo prasaMga tulasIdAsanI vANImAM bahu rasikatAthI gAI vyAkhyAna karI saMbhaLAvyo. zrI rAmacandrajIe sumansane jema tema karI pAcho vALyo, pachI pote tathA lakSmaNa ane sItAjI gaMgA kAMThe UbhAM che tyAM kevaTa (kaivatahaiDIvALA "bhaleM,' niSAda) pAse heDI maMgAve che, paNa kevaTa te lAvate nathI ane kahe che ke mAMgI nAva na kevaTa aanaa| kahai tujhAra marama maiM jAnA // 'caraNakamala raja kahaM saba kahaI / mAnuSa karaNi mUri kachu ahii| chuvata zilA bhai nArI suhaaii| pAhana te na kATha ktthinaaii||

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traNa haMrikatanI =tamAre bheda he jANe che. sahu leka kahe che ke tamArA caraNuMkamaLanI raja hareka vastune manuSya banAvavAnI auSadhi che, te rajane aDakatAM ja eka zilA suMdara strI thaI gaI te patthara karatAM A lAkaDuM kAMI kaThaNa che? te heDI ahalyAnI mAphaka eka strI thaI jAya, ane mahAra garIbanI AjIvikA jAya te mATe jo prabhu avazi pAragA cahaha / tau pardapadma pakhArana kahahU // =he prabhu! je jarUra pele pAra javA icchatA he te ApanAM caraNakamaLa dhou, pachI heDImAM padhAre. / suni kevaTa ke vacana premalapeTe aNttptte| vihaMseM karuNA ayana, citai jAnakI laSaNa tana / A sAMbhaLI rAme lakSmaNe ane sItA tarapha hasIne joyuM. hasavAnuM tAtparya evuM hatuM ke-prathama rAmanA paga devAne haka lakSmaNajIne hatuM, paNa sItAjI rAmane paraNyAM pachI haka kene e dAvAne nIveDe ema thayo ke eka paga upara haka lakSmaNajIne ane bIjA upara sItAjIne paNa A kevaTa te baMne paga dhovAne adhikAra laI le che ! paNa gaMgA pAra UtaravuM che, te kevaTanI mAgaNI svIkAryA vagara chUTako nahoteH rAmacaMdrajIe mAgaNuM svIkArI. gosvAmI tulasIdAsajI kahe che ke - jIsu nAma sumirata yeka bArA / utarahiM narabhavasiMdhu apaaraa|| so kRpAlu kevaTa hi nihorA // = jenuM eka vAra nAma letAM manuSya saMsArarUpI sAgara tarI jAya che, te kRpAlu rAmacandra hoDIvALAne vinaMti kare che ke bhAI amane hoDImAM besADIne nadI pAra utAra ! " kAvyane AtmA kevaLa rasa che ema rasazAstrIo kahe che, ane tethI kavicAturI sAthe vAstavika rasanI asaMgati che ema AkSepa thaze. te tene uttara kavicAturI sAthe tulasIdAsajInuM rasathI ubharAtuM hRdaya pite che. AgaLa vAMco emAM kavi zuM kahe che? kavi kahe cheH pachI gaMgAjI UtarI zrI rAmacandrajI sItAjI lakSmaNa ane e niSAda (kavaTa) nadInI pAra retImAM Utaryo. tyAM nivAde UtarIne rAmacandrajIne daMDavata praNAma karyA. te joI prabhu manamAM saMkeca pAmyA ke ApaNe ene kAMI ApyuM nahi. tyAM sItAjIe rAmacandrajInA hRdayane 78

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618 traNa harikIrtana bhAva oLakhI jaI, pitAnA hAthamAM eka hIrAnI vIMTI hatI te kADhIne dharI. te laI kRpALu rAmacandrajIe kevaTane ApavA mAMDI. e joIne kevaTe gabharAIne zrI prabhunA caraNe pakaDyA, ane kahyuM ke "he nAtha ! Aja mane zuM nathI maLyuM?" aba kachu nAtha na cAhiya more| dIna dayAlu anugraha tore // he dInadayAluM ! mAre kAMI paNa joIe nahi--mAtra tamAre anugraha (kRpA) joIe. tulasIdAsajI kahe che? bahuta kInha haTha laSaNa prabhu, nahiM kachu kevaTa lInha / vidA kInha karuNAyatana, akti vimala ghara dInha // - rAma ane lakSmaNe vIMTI levA kevaTane bahu Agraha karyo paNa eNe e lIdhI nahi. karaNanidhAna prabhue ene pitAnI vimaLa bhakti ApI vadAya karyo. prabhu ApaNane paNa e ja Ape ! dInabadhu! kRpAsiMdhu! pAbindu ghA amane, jene 1 bIjuM kIrtana dilIpa rAjAnI dhenu sevA saMbaMdhI hatuM. enuM pUrvapada A hatuM - jene rUDA rAmane AdhAra tene sadA jaya jayakAra. mRddha gaja gaNikA ajAmila taya e AdhAra, jene nAme patthara tariyA sidhu pArAvAra. bhakatanA baLavaMta belI kRpAnA bhaMDAra, bhIDyo paDI jyAM jyAM bhaktane bhAre hAlo dhAyA bahAra. jene 2 pitA vadha nija putrane karavA thaye taiyAra, staMbhathI pragaTa karyo prallAdane uddhAra. jene 3 capaLa mana ! nirbhaya thaI jA zaraNa tuM ekavAra, trividha tApa zame thaze AnaMda aparaMpAra. bane 4 ..

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traNa harikIrtana 619 te pachI raghuvaMza sarge 3 nA andhenurAmAnuvalya mA....." ityAdinA nIce pramANe karelA anuvAda bharavImAM gAyA--ane vArtAnA bhAvanI UrmionA kAraNathI, tema ja padanI saraLatAne lIdhe, A kathA zrotAjanane bahu gamI. --harigIta karavA parIkSA rAyanI sevA taNA sadbhAvanI, khIje divasa lIlA ahe| AzcaryakAraka zI khanI ! ugela lIlAM dhAsa gaMgA dheAdhanA paDavA thakI, girirAjanI evI guphAmAM nandinI caravA gayI. hiMsaka pazu dhari nava zake manathI kadI e gAyane, vizvAsathI rAjA nihALe himAcala saundaryane; tatkAla tyAM vikarAla sihe kALa bhari zvetu dharI, AvI caDhelu bhakSya dekhI garjanA bhISaNa karI. menu karuNa kaMThe karIne kaisarInA trAsathI, tyAM rADha pADI kAramI girinI guphA gavatI; jyama dorIthI khecAya tyama e nAdathI naranAthanI, kheMcAI dRSTi ne na dekhI gAya tyAM gurunAthanI. che bharI, pesI guphAmAMhI jIve teA phALa sihe te bhakSa karavA dhenune taiyArI / teNe karI; gurudevanI gaune mAvA siddhane saMhAravA, tatkALa rAjA jAya jyAM bhAthA thakI zara kADhavA, tyAM hAtha jamaNA rAyane bhAthA upara coTI rahyo, zara zI rIte nikaLI zake nRpa citravat UbhA rahyo; ati khela kare paNa nA chuTe kara rAhu vyApI gaye, nija tejanI jvALA vaDe e rAya Apa khaLI rahyA. matro vaDe bAMdhela jyama bhAriga bahu baLa vApare, nija khaLa thakI khaLA bicArA vyartha mAthAkuTa kare; che. siMha zA khaLavAna paNa vismita ane lAcAra che, nava cAlatuM prAkrama ane nRpadharma mithyA thAya che. ra Ja

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20 traNa harikIrtana tr dekhI dazA naranAthanI khaDakhaDa hasyA e kresarI, gajAvatA girinI guphA mAnuSya vANI uccarI; mahipAla phAgaTa zrama karI thAkI jazeA kijo tame, kadi zastra phekA muja upara khAlI jaze jANA tame. ahu khaLa karI alavAna vAyu vRkSa ukheDI zake, paNa parvatA uDAvavA tAkAta te na dharI zake; sAmAnya prANI huM nathI kikara mahezvarane ja chuM, che nAma ku MbhAdara sadAziva caraNuthI pAvana chuM. mahAdeva pAte vRSabhavAhana para yadA svArI kare, dhira caraNu A muja pITha para mama dehane pAvana kare; svAme juvA A devadArU putrapa mahezanuM, pAta kuMdana bhastanathI gaurInuM eNe karyuM. ekavAra AvI jaMgalI gajarAja gaMDasthaLa dharyuM, kArtika dhavAyA hoya evuM du:kha gaurI mana vasyuM; te samayathI mujane ahIM vanagaja DarAvA kAraNe, mUkela che mahAdevajIe cAkI karavA kAraNe. je je pazu AvI caDhe ahi bhakSa huM tenuM karUM, varadAna che mahAdevanuM tethI nahi kAthI OM; bhUkhyA hatA mahAdevajIe bhakSya jANe meAkalyuM, upavAsa ante pAraNA karavA taNuM sAdhana maLyuM. pAchA padhArA Apa cheADI zarmane gurubhaktinI, caturAI nava cAle tamArI che parIkSA zaktinI; je rahyanuM rakSaNa kadApi zastrakhaLathI thAya nA, tene tyajethI zastraparanI kIrti jhAMkhI thAya nA. suNivacana AvAM sarInAM dhairya rAjAe ryuM, mAnyuM maheze Aja mArUM zastrALa mithyA karyuM; nava hAratAM hiMmata tathApi yuktine dhAraNa karI, rAjA kahe che siMhane suNu Aja vinatI mAhyarI. " lAcAra chuM tethI rakhe tuM hAsya muja upara kare, kahuM eka uttama vAta te utAra hArA aMtare, e heAmadhenu che. suninI vatsa bALaka eka che, sanmyA same Atura banIne vATa mAtAnI jIve. "" 7 10 11 12 13 14

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traNa harikIrtana 1 1 1 17 ghena tyajI nahiM jAu chava satya guruno bhakta chuM, muja dehanuM bhakSaNa karIne gAyane kara mukta tuM." A sAMbhaLIne kesarI kari hAsya rAjAne kahe. dekhAya akkalahANa rAjA alpa kAraNa bahu tyaje 15 tuja deha suMdara nava juvAnI cakravartI rAjya ne, sarvasva eka ja gAya mATe rAjya zAne tuM tyaje ? A gAya para lAvI dayA je deha tuM arpaNa kare, prANuM bacAve eka paNa paramArtha tethI za sare? 16 tuja deha chavate je haze te prajAnuM pAlana thaze, ApattithI uddhAra te bahu lokane tethI thaze. agni samA gurudevanI eka dhenunA aparAdhathI, Darate kadApi hoya te DaravA taNuM kAraNa nathI. gAye koDe dUjhaNuM arpaNa karI gurudevane, che hela tyAre hAtha karavo zAnta gurunA kepane. vaibhava alaukika mANavA tuja deha A sarjela che, te pUrva puNe pAmiyA bhaLavo pharI muzkela che. 18 sampanna riddhi siddhie suralokamAM jyama Idra che. e rIta tuM saMpanna A naralokane paNa idra che." svAthI vacana evAM kahI nRpane virAme siha e, girinI guphA paNa vAta e paDaghA vaDe nRpane kahe. trAsela daSTa nandinI rAjA tarapha joI rahI. karuNA taNe sAgara dilIpa kahe siMhane nirbhaya thaI "kSatathI kare che trANa te kSatriya khare kahevAya che, nava piMDanI paravA kare te vIra nara kahevAya che. kSatriya ane mahipAla thaI gurudhenuM rakSaNa nA thayuM, dhikAra evA rAjyavaibhava pAmavAthI zuM thayuM? Apu karaDe gAya paNa guru artha tethI nava sare, A dhenu pite naMdinI te kAmadhenuM rUpa che. arpaNa karI mama dehane A gAya cheDAvIza huM, munihemamAM nava vina Ave pAraNu pAmIza tuM. A devadAra vRkSanI bahu yatnathI cakI kare, parataMtra phikara Izane svAmI thakI dilamAM Dare. rara

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ra traNa harikItana "" mUkI gAyane, karavA rAyane; pheMkI daI, peAte rahI sAjo, zarIre svAmisevA thAya nA, svAmI taNI vastu gumAvI meDhuM khatalAvAya nA, muja dehanI hiMsA thakI mana thArUM jo pAchuM paDe, teA kIrtikAyAnA upara karuNA kharI karavI ghaTe; A sthUla kAyA che vinAzI piDa pAMca tattvanA, e pAnA parapeTa nava vizvAsa rAkhu ehanA. saMbaMdha. vArtAlApa karatAM thAya che sajjana taNA. che mitranA saMbaMdha jAmyA Aja ane ApaNe; e nyAyathI gaNu IzanA tuja mitra sujane le gaNI. taraNeADavI tujane dhaTe nA Aja mArI mAgaNI. vArU bhale kara ema" eTA siMha taiyAra thaI UbhA raho tyAM bhakSa kara chUTiyA tatkALa rAme zastrane te mAMsanA gALA samI nija kAya hari hAme dharI. nIcu nihALI sihanA utpAtanI AzA karI, UbhA prajApratipALa rAjA dhyAna IzvaranuM dharI. AkAza mArge duMdubhI vAgI rahyAM surakSeAkanAM, naranAthanA mastaka upara sura puSpa ahu varasI rahyAM. "thA vatsa UbhA" evI suNi vANI amIrasanI bharI, UbhA thaI te samaya rAye najara jyAM UMcI karI; vanarAja / tyAMnA dise paNa vAta che AnaMdanI, hAme ubhI che dUdha jharatI jananI jevI na'dminI. vismita thayelA rAyane kahe gAya meM mAyA karI; tuja vrata taNI lIdhI parIkSA bhakti thArI che kharI. Ave bhale yamarAja paNu mujane nahi pakaDI zake, tAkAta khIjA prANinI zI ke mune mArI zake ? gurubhakti ne mujapara dayAthI Aja mukha bhAga vhAlA vatsa je varadAna huM gAya dhruvaLa dUdha detI ema saMtuSTa thAtAM kAmadhenu pUrUM huM je hastathI siddhArtha rAye vIra te harata anne joDIne khatu vinayathI huM saMtuSTa chuM, mananuM ISTa tuM; tuM samajIza nA, mana kAmanA." kIti meLavI vinatI karI. 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30

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* traNa harikIrtana ~ ..Aya. "vaMza dipAve evo putra Apajo sudakSiNuM udare, kIrti manunA kuLanI ujajavaLa jethI daze dize prasare. pUrvapada jene rAmane AdhAra tene sadA jaya jayakAra A bIjA kIrtanane anta rA. candrazaMkare pharI mane bolavAnI pharaja pADI. mahe zrotAonuM A vArtAnA vyaMgyArtha tarapha, vartamAna kALamAM zrotAnA mananI sthitimAMthI UpajatA eka vyaMgyArtha tarapha, dhyAna kheMcyuM, kahyuM ke paramAtmA briTiza siha rUpe atyAre ApaNuM netAnI kasoTI kare che ke e hindarUpI nandinI gAya je A vizvanI kAmadughAnI putrI che enuM rakSaNa karavA samartha che ke kema? ApaNuM vartamAna samayanA dilIpane hAtha kSaNavAra stabbI paNa jaze, paraMtu hinda maiyArUpa nandinI khAtara je prANa ApavA paNa tatpara che evA netAne briTiza siMha paNa namaze ane pariNAme ApaNuM vratasiddhi ane phalasiddhi thaze ja. bhase. 1 azvatthAmA parAbhava pUrvapada kRSNake bhArI bhoMsA kRSNake bhArI. grAhane gajarAja gheryo bala kiye bhArI, harike jaba Tera dInI dhAye giridhArI. draupadIkI lAja rAkhI phUbarI tArI, dhruvake dInI acala padavI ki gharabArI. prahalAdake girise DAra dIne kInI rakhavArI, agnihuM se ugAri lIne dUsarI bArI. vibhISaNake laMka dInI rANA mArI, Age patita aneka tAre, aba sUrakI bArI. bhase. 2 bhare. 3 bhase. 4 kathA prasaMga-zrImadbhAgavata prathama dha adhyAya 7 zloka 13 thI AraMbha. cA mudde rAjAnAM

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624 traNe harikIrtana pada lAvaNa kurukSetra ati karAla bhAse chAI rahI tyAM kola nizA mahA pralayanI ghora ghaTAthI bhISaNa bhAse sarva dizA. asaMkhya vire svarge sidhAvyA apa prANonAM balidAna gadAbhagna duryodhana sUto prayANa karavA tatpara prANa. svakarmanA daruNuM paripAke vaza taNAM UkheDyAM mULa kUTa prapa gayA aMkaLa ne maLyA manoratha saghaLA dhULa. rAjyalakSmI gaI tyajI vIrane asta pAmiyAM teja pratApa zeSa agninI aMtima vALA karatI aMtaramAM sattApa. zArdUlavikrIDita eve brAhmaNa eka kALa sarakho e sthAnamAM Aviyo, "arpe bheTa nareza, pAMDava taNuM A mastake lAviye. zAnI aMtima aMgninI ari taNAM A rakta sAcI kare. pAma vIragati sukhethI varavA devAMganA saMcare." anuSyam nihALyAM masta rAye be "dhikkAra hA haje; ze anartha karyo A he haNyAM nirdoSa bALake. vaMzanA aMkure mahArA chedAyA kALa hastathI; aMjalI arpanAruM ke have vaMze rahyuM nathI." niHzvAsa dIrgha saha prANa tyajyA tRpALe dilmaDha kANasuta zanya ubho nihALe. e rAtri ema vahine pragaTayuM prabhAta jANuM thayuM kapaTa pAMDava bAlaghAta. harigIta ubharAya aMtara zoka te mukha nayanane mArge vahe chedAya jenA marma dAruNu vedanA te kayama sahe? vyAkuLa ane saMtApadInA draupadI vilapaMtI ne zAntI thavA ati zekanI AzvAsane arjuna kahe

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phara5 - traNa harikIrtana ~ zArdUlavikrIDita vahAlI zakataNuM karuM zamana huM e bALanA kALanuM, lAvuM mastaka chedi te upara te bezI kare snAna tuM. e saMkalpa karI pracaMDa rathamAM besI guruputrane, cAlyA arjuna vegathI pakaDavA sAthe laI kRSNane anuSTram azvatthAmA juve vege Avato ratha dUrathI, jANuM AvI banyuM mAruM have kaI gati nathI. harigIta A prANasaMkaTa joIne brahmAstra choDayuM brAhmaNe, ajuna upara aticaMDa tejerUpa haNanA kAraNe Ave dhasaMtuM vajathI paNa adhika karatuM garjanA, "yadunAtha zuM karavuM have" kahi pArtha karato prArthanA. bhagavAna bolyA "vIra 'muMjhAvA taNuM kAraNa nathI, brahmAstra pAchuM kheMcavAnuM jJAna te ene nathI. te mUka tuM brahmAstra hAmu ne ubhaya AkarSi le, Ave ari tuja hAtha ethI sulabha jaya hAre thaze." sugadharA bhIDyAM brahmAstra ane pralaya analathI phATi jvALA pracaMDa, jANe AkAza pRthvI thara thara thathare thAya brahmAMDa khaMDa. AjJA bhAgI prabhunI turata ubhayane ane kheMcI lIdhA, azvatthAmA taNuM tyAM viSama gati thaI kAramAM karma kIdhAM. anuSya mRgendra sarakho vipra svapApe mRga thaI gayo, vijyA vIrane hAthe baMdhAvAna are thaye. | zikhariNI pratijJA lIdhelI ati kaThiNa te pAlana karI, sama lAvIne gurutanayane baMdhana karI; satI pAMcALI te yadapi ati zokAkula hatI, cIrAyAM marmo ne nava avadazA dekhI zaktI. se

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traNa harikIrtana -gAyanamukta kare brAhmaNane vahAlA,! daiva ApaNA kuLanuM e, dhanurveda zIkhyA je guruthI e ja putra rUpe A che. suja bALakanA viga zeke karUM jema huM karuNa vilApa vIraprasU enI jananIne, hAya,thAya dArUNa saMtApa-mukta kare. putra eka che enI khAtara thaI satI nA enI mAta, gurupatnI paNa mAta tamArI dharma vicAre Aje nAtha. ema kahIne praNAma karatI hataputrA paNa satI mahAna, stabdha thayA sarve e suNatA vismita pote zrIbhagavAna. anuSyam tathApi nA gamI AvI karuNa bhaDa bhImane, ahe dUdha ghaTe pAvuM zuM jherI kALa sarpane? vRthA haNyAM sutelAne jeNe nirdoSa bALane evA unmatta pApIne haNu eja dharma che." harigIta A saumya kAraNuM draupadIthI, vairavahI bhImane, e ubhaya tattva virodhathI saMdeha upaje dharmane tyAM kRNujI bolyA amI varasAvatA mukha kamaLathI, "tattvajJa vahAlA pArtha, kara kartavya buddhivivekathI." aparAdhi adhama chatAMya dvija dehAntadaMDa karAya nA, ne AtatAyI vadhyane haNavAthI pAtaka thAya nA; muja zAstra AjJA e, pratijJA hArI, gamatuM bhImanuM, kara sarva pAlana siddha dhAryuM thAya pAMcAlI taNuM. -gAyana- harinA jane marma jANe harine, maNi zIrSathI kApI lIdhe arine; pachI jIvate sthAnethI kADhI mUkyo, maLyuM dhULa jIvita je dharma cUke. anuSTram svajane yuddhamAM je je marAyA teha sarvanI, pAMDavoe kriyA kIdhI zraddhAthI zuddha dharmanI.

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traNa harikIrtana zArdUlavikrIDita bhUmI rAmadAMdha bhUpati taNuM bhAre pIDAtI hatI, tene bhAra utAriyo yaduvare saMgrAmanA yogathI. gAMdhArI vRtarASTra pAMDasuta ne pAMcAli zoke bharyo, dIdhe dhIrajadharma bodha harie saMtApa sau vIsaryo. anuSya dharmanaMdanane apa vasudhA yadunaMdane; jagadIza chatAM pote sadA AdhIna saMtane. vasaMtatilakA e rIta bhaktajananI hari lAja rAkhI, dvArAmatI nagara jAya vidAya mAgI; prasthAna besI rathamAMhi kare prabhu jyAM, trAhi pra" karuNa zabda suNAya che tyAM. maMdAkrAntA eve AvI bahu vilApatI utarA UbhI pAse jANe UbhI mRdula mRgalI trAsathI vyAdha trAse, "hA, hA, Avyu muja upara A vegathI vahi bANa Ape svAmI abhaya abaLA yAcatI prANadAna." bhale bALe mane bANa bacAvo muja garbhane, prANudAne sadA Ape ApyAM che dIna sarvane." eve agnibhaya bANu pAMca tyAM dhasi AviyAM, sudarzana vaDe pite prabhue chedi nAMkhiyAM. lAvaNI-gAyana hate garbhamAM eka ja aMkura kaurava vaza taNe sukumAra, agni astra tyAM praveza karatuM karavA garbha taNe saMhAra; ubhuM sudarzana rakSaNa karavA vyApe tI rUpa mahAna, bhare kema e rakSaka jenA aMtaryAmI zrIbhagavAna, apAra saMkaTa paDyAM pAMDavo upara evAM vAraMvAra, zrA vyAse bhAratamAM gAyAM varNavatAM nava Ave pAra,

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traNa harikIrtana 28 kRSNa kRpAthI tathA hamezAM apAra sAgara pArAvAra, zaraNAgata vatsala e ekaja sadA bhakatanA pAlanahAra. vidAya bhAgI pharI sarvanI prayANa karatA zrIbhagavAna, caraNa namIne kare prArthanA kuntA mAtA satI mahAna; "sadAya AvI hajo vipattI ugAriyAM Ape bahuvAra, thayAM ApanAM darzana duHkhamAM to jethI dustara saMsAra." -pUrvapada- " -bharose kRSNake bhArI- antamAM kIrtanakArane maheM upakAra mAnyo. e kAryane aMge azvatthAbhAnuM pAtra ane ene AlekhavAmAM mahAbhAratakAranI abhuta kalA-A vizvanA baMdhAraNanA antaramAM raheluM eka gUDha satya tAravI ApavAnI kalA -e viSe mahe be zabdo kahyA. azvatthAmAnI A kathA sAMbhaLIne vicAra AvyA vinA nathI rahetuM ke mahAbhAratakAre azvatthAmAne ciraMjIva rAkhyo che, ane ApaNAmAM mAnyatA che ke hajI paNa e DAMganAM jaMgalomAM phare che ane kaI kaI vakhata najare paDe che! A pApI te ciraMjIva kema? paNa tyAM ja kavinI kalA che. sahunA dhyAnamAM haze ke zekasapiyaranAM DeraDemonA ane Athele, te te pAtranA rasane ucita rIte, mRtyuvaza thAya che. paNa pelI duSTatAnI mUrti-parAkASTA-IyAgAne te nATakakAre nATakane anta jIvate ja javA dIdho chete ema sUcavavA ke maraNa e heTAmAM ho Evil-aniSTa nathIH maraNa karatAM paNa kAMIka vadhAre bhUMDuM che ane te duSTatA, jIvananI eka maheTI bhUla karIne ene pariNAme maravAne vakhata Ave to paNa e manuSyanuM sAbhAgya samajhavAnuM che, paNa duSTatA - brAhmaNanI duSTatA, samajhadAra mANasanI duSTatA-enuM to prAyazcitta ja nathIH bharaNa paNa ene prAyazcitta nathI. Ama maraNane duSTatAnA phalanI kaTimAMthI kADhI nAMkhI duSTatA maraNathI paNa vadhAre ghera che ema vyAsa ane zeksapiyara- jIvananA ane mRtyunAM marma samajhanAra jagatanA mahAna krAntadardIo-sUcave che. bIjuM, A duSTa brAhmaNe kSatriya kadI na kare, bake cAMDAla paNa karatAM khacakAya, evI ghera bAlahatyA karI ! ene udAra kSatriyANIe kSamA ApI! kSamA maLI chatAM e pAcho garbha hatyA karavA tatpara thaI gayo ! brAhmaNanI bhAvanA kSamA ApavAnI, kSamA levAnI nahi; tene badale A brAhmaNa meLavelI kSamAne paNa yogya na Tharyo, udAra kSatriyANInA dehamAM udAra kSAtra

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varNazrama svarAjya saMghanuM adhivezana - dRrI AtmA hatA, A brAhmaNanA dehamAM cAMDAla AtmA hatA. Ama varNane anusarate AtmA dehamAM hoya che paNa khare ane nathI paNa ho; ane Ama pitAnA varNadharmamAMthI bhraSTa thaelo jIva-brAhmaNa maTI jeNe zastra upADyAM te-adhamatAnA gartamAM kayAM sudhI DUbe che e paNa ADakatarI rIte mahAbhAratakAra sUcave che. [vasanta, Azvina saM. 1987] 15 " varNAzrama svarAjya saMghanuM adhivezana "varNAzrama svarAjya saMgha"nuM chelluM adhivezana gayA nAtAlanI rajAmAM amadAvAdamAM thayuM hatuM. huM bahu bimAra hatA ane tethI jaI zakayo na hato paNa sAjo hota te jAta ke nahi e huM kahI zakato nathI. mahArA vicAra A saMghanA vicAra sAthe maLatA nathI, ane tethI huM jAuM te phakta TIkA karavA mATe ja ema keIne lAge tethI na javuM mahe iSTa gaNyuM che_bAkI e saMghanA kArya pratye mahArI upekSAvRtti che ema nathI. ApaNuM sanAtana dharma pratye mane bhAna che, balka huM ene avalaMbI chuM ema kahevAnI jarUra nathI; te paNa eTaluM te kharU ke "sanAtana dhama"ne artha mahArA A "sanAtanI bhAIo kare che tethI judo karU chu, huM "purAtana ne "sanAtana" nathI kahete; saMskRta jANanAra eka bAlaka paNa jANe che ke "purA" ane "sanA" e be ekArthaka nathI. ApaNe dharma sadA ekane eka rahyo nathI; jagatane keI paNa padArtha ekano eka rahI zake nahi. paraMtu A anekatA rUpanI anekatA che; e anekatAnA antaramAM navanavAM rUpa dhAraNa karanAra AtmA (dharmane AtmA ahI vivakSita che)-e eka che. e AtmA "sanAtana che-dekhItI rIte e AtmAne kaumAra, yauvana, jarA Adi thAya che, balka dehAntara paNa thAya che, paNa vastutaH e avasthAo dehanI che, rUpanI cheH rUpAntara thatAM chatAM paNa eno AtmA -enuM tattva ekanuM eka "sanAtana"--hoya che. AnuM rUpaka karIe to ApaNe dharma e viSNupAdakI gaMgA che, e sadA vahetuM jaLa che, sUkAvA nirmAeluM bAMdhyA pANInuM taLAvaDuM nathI A mAtra amArA AdaranA ja zabda nathI, ApaNuM dharmane ItihAsa jANanAra kaI paNa vyakti AmAM niSpakSapAta bhAve jude mata dharAvI zake ema nathI. *

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630 varNAzrama svarAjya saMghanuM adhivezana atyAre ApaNe "varNazrama"nA rakSaNanI ke "varNAzrama"nA "svarAjyanI bhale vAto karIe, paNa antaHpuruSanuM sAkSya mAthe caDhAvIne belIe te. atyAre nathI "varNa ane nathI "Azrama". amArA eka mitra mahAmahepAdhyAyane sabhAmAM kahevAmAM AvyuM ke amuka jJAti-je sAmAnya rIte brAhmaNa manAtI nathI-brAhmaNa" che ema svIkAre tyAre emaNe uttara dIdhe ke kahevAtI brAhmaNa jJAti zaka che ema mAnavAne huM taiyAra chuM, paNa A jJAti brAhmaNa che ema mAnavAne huM taiyAra nathI. brAhmaNanI hArI bhAvanA bahu UMcI che. A uttaranuM tAtparya spaSTa che; adhika vivecananI jarUra nathI. A pramANe jJAti viSe je kahyuM te Azramane paNa lAgu paDe che. have je varNAzrama saMdhe kAMI karavA jevuM che te te prathama te "varNa" ane "Azrama"ne pharI jIvatA karavAnA che. e pharI jIvatA thaze tyAre asalanA rUpanA ja jIvatA thaze ema kAMI nathIH asalane AtmA navuM rUpa dhAraNa kare, navo avatAra pAme tethI enA AtmAnI ekatA athata, enA kharA tAtvika svarUpanuM tAdAmya, maTI javAnuM nathI. zaMkarAcArya rAmAnujAcArya ane vallabhAcAryanI gAdIe AvelA AcAryoe smaraNa rAkhavuM joIe ke emanI paraMparAmAM AvA puruSoe "varNazrama"nA saMrakSaNane ja jIvana apyuM na hatuM. e pramANe karyuM hota te Aja emanAM pavitra nAma jagatamAM amara thaelAM jovAmAM Ave che te na AvataH emaNe te prajAne paramAtmAnI oLakha karAvI hatI, ane paramAtmaprAptimAM ane sAcA mArgamAM jJAna karma ane bhakti viSe-potapotAnI vibhinna rIta-upadeza karIne hindusthAnanA jIvanamAM caitanya pUryuM hatuM. varNa ane AzramanuM zuM sthAna che e batAvyuM hatuM. emanI sAcI ziSya paraMparAmAM dekhItI rIte keTalAka saMnyAsIo Ave che, paraMtu te sAthe nAnaka kabIra Adine paNa vastutaH e ja paraMparAmAM gaNavAnA che. tAtparya ke khaMDanamaMDanamAM bharAI na paDatAM sanAtana Arya dharmane upadeza karIne prajAnuM dhArmika mAnasa zuddha ane unnata karavAne je yatna karaze te ja pUrvAcAryonI sAcI paraMparAmAM Ave che ema ame mAnIe chIe. dhArmika adhivezana satyanA vicAranAM ane pracAranAM sthAna che, kSudra buddhinA pradarzanathI ajJAna lekane satyamAMthI ADe mArge kheMcI javA mATe kalpelAM nathI. eka udAharaNa ApIe. pele bhagavadgItAne oka sahune jANItuM cheH zata cIne batAvyuM

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dharma kayAM che ? 631 vidyAvinayasaMpanne brAhyaNe gavi hastini / zuni caiva zvapAke ca paNDitAH samadarzinaH // Ane artha karatAM kaMI ema kahe ke "samarinA" kahyuM che "tamavatinara"nahi athata brAhmaNa, gAya, hAthI, kUtaruM ane cAMDAla emanA pratye samAnadaSTi rAkhavAnuM kahyuM che, vyavahAramAM samAna gaNIne vartavAnuM kahyuM nathI-te ja pramANe kaI kahe ke ahI "rama"ne artha brahma che, arthAta e sahumAM brahma jovAnuM kahyuM che, saghaLAMne samAna gaNIne vartavAnuM kahyuM nathI-te A baMne vyAkhyAna niruttara nathI, tathApi gabhIratAthI sAMbhaLavA ane uttara devA jevAM che; paraMtu jyAre ema vyAkhyAna karavAmAM Ave ke juo ' bhagavAne zuM karyuM che? eka tarapha brAhmaNa ane gAya rAkhyAM ane bIjI tarapha kUtaruM ane cAMDAla rAkhyAM ane vacamAM hAthI mUke, eTale brAhmaNa ane gAyane kutarU ane cAMDAla sparza karI zake nahi! ze buddhine durupayoga! amane to ene buddhine vilAsa kahetAM paNa zarama Ave che. [vasanta, piSa, saMvat 1991 ] dharma kayAM che? sahune vidita che, AraMbhamAM jeo zaMkAzIla hatA ane gAMdhIjInA kArya mATe aneka preraka hetu ApatA hatA teo paNa atyAre kabUla karaze ke-gAMdhIjIne AtmA enA UMDANamAM, tema ja enA bAhya darzanamAM, atI dhArmika che. vartamAna samayamAM dhArmikatA kayAM che? keTalAka loka pharaja khAtara pharaja karavI eTale ke "kAga" ene dhArmikatA mAne che. paNa e dhAmikatA nathI karma, pharaja samajhIne ja kareluM karma paNa, "karmayoga" nathI, prabhu sAthe e karma joDAya tyAre ja e "karmayoga bane che-tema amuka kAryAvali AcaravAthI dhAmikatA siddha thatI nathI. e kAryAvali je dhArmikatA rUpI mULamAMthI pragaTa thAya che e mULano sAkSAtkAra kare emAM ja dhArmikatA rahelI che. nikhAlasapaNe bolIe te, dhArmikatAne abhAva e A jamAnAnI eka lAkSaNika UNapa che. amArA samayamAM e nahotI. e divasomAM be

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232 tatvajJAnanuM prajana agresara patra "sudarzana" ane "jJAnasudhA" ane enA agresara lekhake maNilAla ane ramaNabhAI eo keTalA rasathI dhArmikatAnA prazno carcatA ! Aja evI carcA kyAM che, ane vAcakane rasa paNa kayAM che ? A UNapa mATe niHzvAsa nAMkhatAM amane lajjA nathI. zA mATe hovI joIe? jagatanA kayA maheTA yuga dhArmikatA vinAnA hoya che? buddhipradhAnayuga TIkAra yuga, jagatanA ItihAsamAM hoya che ja ane yadyapi TaeNga ane vahemane raste caDhI gaelI dhArmikatAne zuddha karavAmAM e bahu kAma lAge che, tathApi heTA yugo te te dhArmikatAnA yuga ja jovAmAM Avaze. A vastunuM e yuganA mahAna dezahitacinaka maharSi rAnaDene kevuM cokhkhuM bhAna hatuM e upara emano dakhkhaNu kaeNlejanA prinsipAla phesara sebI sAtheno prasaMga jANavA jevo che. Do, sebI eka prasiddha nirI- - zvaravAdI hatA, ane bI.e.nA vargamAM vidyArthIone tatvajJAnanA viSayane lagatAM pustake zIkhavatI vakhate eka pustakanI Izvarasiddhi sAme emaNe nirIzvaravAdanuM pratipAdana karyuM. e vAta rAnaDenA sAMbhaLavAmAM AvI. sAMbhaLIne e upara emaNe sArvajanika sabhA"nA patramAM sakhta TIkA karI ane evA nirIzvaravAdI prophesara pAse ApaNuM vidyArthIo keLavAvA na joIe tyAM sudhI kahyuM ! ApaNe eTale Agraha pasaMda na karIe, paNa manuSyasaMskRti ane prajAnA udayAstanA ItihAsane jemaNe apratima abhyAsa karyo hato evA mahAna dezahitaiSIne emanA yuvAvasthAnA jussAmAM Avo Agraha thaI Ave che te kSamya gaNAya. [vasanta, phAlgana, saM. 1991] 17 taravajJAnanuM prayojana sara sarvapallI rAdhAkRSNa eksapharDa yunivarsiTImAM tAjA sthAelA "prAcya dharma ane nItizAstranA prophesara" nA pada upara nImAyA te khAte ame emane abhinandana ApI cUkyA chIe. eo e padanuM kArya karavA vadAya thavAnA che te prasaMge madrAsamAM eka sundara meLAvaDe thayo. temAM zrInivAsa zAstrI Adi aneka pratiSThita vidvAnoe AdaranA zabdo uccAryA. enA uttaramAM zrIyuta rAdhAkRNe ApaNA tatvajJAnaviSayaka pitAnA kAryanA svarUpane nirdeza karyo. rAdhAkRSNa ane dAsagupta e be

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tatvajJAnanuM prajana 633 vidvAnoe hindanA tattvajJAnane ItihAsa lakhyo che, e saMbandhamAM A prazna ghaNuMvAra pUchAya che ke bemAMthI keNu caDhe ? ene uttara mahe aneka sthaLe Ape che ke saMskRtanI vidvattApUrvaka te te granthane sAra udbhUta karI ene yathAsthita rUpe prakaTa karavAnuM kArya dAsagupta vadhAre sAruM karyuM che, paraMtu hindanuM tattvajJAna eka jUnuM jaDI AveluM hADapiMjara nathI, paNa vedakALathI cAlI Avela citanyathI bhareluM ane nitya vikasate jato eka jIvanta padAtha che, ane tethI enA zarIranuM varNana karavA karatAM enA AtmAnuM prAkaTya karavA upara rAdhAkRSNa adhika dhyAna dIdhuM che, ane e daSTibinduthI jotAM rAdhAkRNunI kRti caDhIAtI che. amane Ananda thAya che ke rAdhAkRSNa pote paNa emanA prakRta bhASaNamAM A ja daSTibindune pitAnI kRtinI viziSTatA rUpe AgaLa dharyuM che. vAcakane smaraNa haze ke hindanA tattvajJAna saMbadhe ame vAraMvAra e ja kahyuM che, e dRSTithI banArasamAM maLelI InDiyana philosophikala kogresamAM hindanA tattvajJAnanA vibhAgI pramukha tarIke ame ApaNuM tattvajJAnanuM avalokana karyuM hatuM ane ApaNuM tatvajJAna eka jIrNa vidyA nathI paraMtu pazcimanA vartamAna tattvajJAnanI sAthe UbhuM rahI akhaMDa pRthvInA tattvajJAnanA vikAsamAM bhAga laI zake evo jIvanta padArtha che ema madrAsamAM maLelI tattvajJAnanI pariSamAM mukhya pramukhane sthAnethI paNa ame pratipAdana karyuM hatuM. zrIyuta rAdhAkRSNa A prasaMge kahelI eka bIjI vastu viSe vicAra karavAnI jarUra che. emane sI. Ara. reDIe hAsya ane Taramizrita vANImAM kahyuM "AzA rAkhuM chuM ke tattvajJAnanuM lekamAM pracArakArya (propaganda) nahi kare." ene uttara vALatAM rAdhAkRSNa kahyuM: rAjyataMtrIo ja rAjakIya praznonuM nirAkaraNa karI zake che ema nathI. atyAre briTana ane hindusthAna vacce rAjakIya viSayamAM je vigraha cAlI rahyo che tene niveDe rAjyatantrIo ja lAvI zakaze ema saMbhava nathI. ADakatarI rIte tattvajJAna ghaNu karI zake che. buddhi ane nItinA UMcA pradezomAM paraspara sadabhAva ane vizvAsa utpanna thavAthI ja hinda ane briTananA, balake eka bIjA tarapha zaMkA bhaya ISya ane heSathI jotAM evAM bhUmaMDaLanAM agaNita mahArAjyanA prazno ukela lAvI zakAze ane A . kAryathI dharma tattvajJAna vagere ucca bhAvanA preranArAM zA vyAvahArika viSayamAM paNu jagata nuM ghaNuM kalyANa karI zake che. uparanI carcA tattvajJAna saMbadhI eka vizALa ane gaMbhIra prazna

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4 tattvajJAnanuM prayAjana upasthita kare cheH tattvajJAnanuM prayAjana zuM? balke e praznanI pAra jaI ema paNa pUchI zakAya che ke tattvajJAna tattvajJAna khAtara je, arthAt svayaM prayojana che ke kAI vyAvahArika upayeAgitAvALuM, prayeAjana che? * briTiza insTiTayUTa eka leAseAphri' nA adhyakSa sara harakhacaeNmyuala je libarala pakSanA rAjyatantrI che, emaNe gaI sAlanA emanA vArSika bhASaNamAM A prazna tattvaneAnA maDaLa samakSa raju karyAM hatA, ane e upara lekhamALA mAgI hatI thADAka vilamba pachI, je lekhamALA prakaTa thaI che temAM briTananA keTalAka pratiSThita tattvazAstrIee judA judA mata darzAvyA che. adhyakSe te peAtAnA vicAranuM digdarzana AraMbhamAM ja karAvI dIdhuM hatuM te e ke atyAre jagat asaMkhya vyavahArU prasauthI chinnabhinna thaI rahyuM che enA ukela lAvavAmAM tattvajJAne upayAgI thavuM joIe; ane te na thAya teA tattvajJAnanuM kAMI prayeAjana nathI. AthI ulaTA mata jJAnakhAtara ja jJAnavAdIonA che. ee tattvajJAnane mAthe vyavahArU muzkelIo dUra karavAnA bhAra nAMkhatA nathI. A khe pakSanI vacamAM trIjo mata e che ke tattvajJAna tattvajJAna khAtara teA che, paNa te sAthe vyavahAramAM paNa upakAraka che; arthAt ane rAjapadethI bhraSTa karI sevakane sthAne mUkyA vinA, bIjI rIte kahIe teA zuddha vAtAvaraNamAMthI UtArI dhULamAM ragadALyA vinA, enA prakAza ane khaLathI ApaNA aneka vyAvahArika praznone ApaNe khulAsA karI zakIe chIe; a, evA praznone Akharane ane kAyamanA nIveDA tattvajJAnanI UMcI bhUmikA upara ja zakya che. A UMcI dRSTine abhAve ja lIga ek nezansa" nI niSphaLatA siddha thaI che. A banAva pachInI TIkA nathI, paNa prathamathI ja kAraNasara bhAkhI rAkhelI aneka vidvAneAnI bhaviSya vANI che. paNa A upayeAgitA e ja tattvajJAnanuM prayAjana nathI. tattvane adhikAra che ke ene kAI jANe, ane ApaNA paNa adhikAra che ke ApaNe tattvane jANIe. tattvanuM jJAna vyavahAramAM paNa upayeAgI che e A susaMzliSTa akhaDAkAra vizvaracanAmAM ene eka AnuSaMgika lAbha che, paNa eTalAthI ja enI kimatanI AMkaNI karavAnI nathI. visanta, phAlguna, saM. 1992] ' p }

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sAyansa ane tattva 18 sAyansa ane tattvajJAna Pshychologists may tell us how to influence our fellow-men and medical science may tell us how to keep alive, but to what end and in what manner are we to live? By what star are we to set our course? What are the abiding values? What kind of society, in short, produces the highest civilisation, and what are the conditions for the survival of such civilisation when it is attained ? " "" dRzya ww uparanA UtArA--je briTiza eseAsiezananA sAyansa vibhAganA chellA meLAvaDAmAM pramukhe karelA bhASaNanA avaleAkanamAM eka pratiSThita patre karelI TIkA che--emAM iTAlika TAIpamAM mUkelA zabdo ame e pramANe mUkAvyA che. kahevAnuM tAtparya e che ke sAyansa ApaNune jIvADI zake, bahu te jIvatAM zIkhavI zake, paNa jIvananA hetu ze ? ane e hetu siddha karavA ApaNe kevI rIte jIvavuM joie ? kevI rIte jIvatA janasamAja saMskRtine zikhare pahoMce, ane kevA prakAranI saMskRti TakavAnuM vizeSa sAmarthya dharAve che ?--A prazno teA judA ja che. arthAt tattvajJAnanA che. A TIkA kharAkhara che ane vAcakane yAda haze ke jyAre tattvajJAna zuM? ane sAyansa zuM ? enA vicAra pratye gujarAtanI AMkha ja UdhaDI nahotI tyAre e AMkha udhADanAra--pacAsa varSa upara udhADanAra----10 maNilAla nabhubhAI dvivedI hatA. e mahAna vicAraka ane vidvAna emanA yugathI bahu AgaLa hatA, paNa ApaNe tyAM je yugapalaTA thayA te judA ja prakAranA thaye, ane tema thavAthI sva. maNilAlane emanA mRtyu pachI paNa navA yuga pAsethI kadara meLavavAnA vakhata ja na AvyA. pUrvokta TIkA upara vartamAna draSTithI jarA vicAra karavA jarUrane che. A vAta atyAre bezaka siddha che ke sAyansa jyAM AvIne aTake che te pachInI praznamALAnA uttara e tattvajJAnanA viSaya che. paNa tattvajJAna jai uttara Ape che te uparathI sAyansa peAtAnA adhikAra UThAvI letuM nathI. e kahe che ke--kayI manuSyasaMskRti Take che ane kayI vinAza pAme che

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anAsaktiyega ene vicAra karavo e sAyansanA-bhautika sAyansanA nahi, paNa citanyanA sAyansanA, tathApi sAyansanA ja, adhikAramAM che, ane sAyansanI paddhatie, eTale ke tatvajJAnanI kalpanAthI nahi, paNa sAyansanA avalokanathI ja ene nirNaya thI joIe. eTale ke pUrvokta TIkAmAM "What are the conditions for the survival of such civilisation when it is attained? " e praznano uttara sAyansa -itihAsanuM sAyansa-avalokanapaddhatithI bahu sArI rIte ApI zake. e mATe tattvajJAnanI jarUra nathI. ATalo pUrvokta TIkA sAme sAyansa javAba ApI zake paNa e uttaranA pratyuttara rUpe ane tattvajJAnanA samarthanamAM eka kaTi ApaNe AgaLa jaI zakIe chIe. saMskRtine TakavAnI Avazyaka paristhiti (conditions) sAyansa avalokanathI nakkI karI zake, paNa e ja pArasthitanI kiMmata(value) AMkavI, eTale ke enA balAbalanI mApaNuM nahi, paNa enI uccatAnuM mUlya AMkavuM, e paristhitine artha (meaning) kare arthAta e ja paristhiti saMskRtine TakavAmAM anukULa thAya che, ane ethI ulaTI paristhiti nathI thatI e zuM sUcave che? A cintana te sAyansanI pArane tattvajJAnane viSaya. [ vasanta, vaizAkha-aSA, saM. 197] 9 anAsaktiyoga " It is difficult to find a single word that will adequately describe the ideal man of the free philosophers, the mystics, the founders of religions. 'Non -attached' is perhaps the best. The ideal man is the non-attached man. Non-attached to his bodily sensa-, tions and lusts. Non-attached to his craving for power and possessions. Non-attached to the objects of those various desires. Non-attached to his anger and hatred; non-attached to his exclusive loves. Non -attached to wealth, fame, social position. Non power and lusts. Nonon-attached to deal man is the

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$39 anAsaktiyoga mmmmm attached even to science, art, speculation, philan- thropy. Yes, non-attached even to these. For, like, patriotism, in Nurse Cavell's phrase' they are not enough'. Non-attachment to self and to what are called the things of this world' has always been associated in teachings of the philosophers and the founders of religions with attachment to an ultimate reality greater and more significant than the self, greater and more significant than even the best things that this world has to offer. Of the nature of this ultimate reality I shall speak in the last chapters of this book. All that I need do in this place is to point out that the ethic of non attachment has always been correlated with cosmologies that affirm the existance of a spiritual reality underlying the phenomenal world and imparting to it whatever value or significance it possesses. Non-attachment is negative only in name. The practice of non-attachment entails the practice of all the virtues. It entails the practice of charity, for there are no more fatal impediments than anger (even 'rightious indignation') and cold blooded malice to the identification of the self with the immanent and Transcandent more-than-self. It entails the practice of courage; for fear is a painful and obsessive identification of the self with its body. * : * It is unnecessary any further to labour the point, sufficiently obvious to anyone who chooses to think 'about the matter, that non-attachment imposes upon those who would practice it the adoption of an intensly positive attitude towards the world. The ideal of non-attachment has been formu.

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$36 anAsaktiga lated and systematically preached again and again in the course of the last three thousand years. We find it ( along with everything else!) in Hinduism. It is at the very heart of the teachings of the Buddha. For the Chinese the doctrine is formulated by Lao Tsu. A little later, in Greece, the ideal of nonattachment is proclaimed, albeit with a certain pharisaic priggishness, by the Stoics. The gospel of Jesus is essentially a gospel of non-attachment to the things of this world', and of attachment to God. Whatever may have been the aberrations of organised Christianity-and they range from extravagant asceticism to the most brutally cynical forms of real politikthere has been no lack of Christian philosophers to to reaffirm the ideal of non-attachment. * * * Here is the author of The Imitation, who bids us 'pass through many cares as though without care; not after the manner of a sluggard, but by a certain prerogative of a free mind, which does not cleave with inordinate affection to any creature '. One could multiply such citations almost indefinitely. Meanwhile moralists outside the Christian tradition have affirmed the need for non-attachment no less insistently than the Christians. What Spinoza, for example, calls "human bondage ', the condition of one who identifies himself with his desires, emotions and thought processes, or with their objects in the external world. The non-attached man is one who, in Buddhist phraseology, puts an end to pain; and he puts an end to pain not only in himself, but also, by refraining from malicious and stupid activity, to such pain as

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anAsaktiyoga 669 he may inflict on others. He is the happy or 'blessed' man as well as the good man". Aldous Huxley ("Means and Ends"). upara UtAre ame prasiddha aMgreja sAhityakAra A(c)sa hakaslInA Means and Ends" nAmanA eka sundara tema ja gaMbhIra vicArathI bharapUra evA eka tAjA pustakamAMthI Apyo che. A UtAre ApavAno hetu gItAjInA mahAna upadezane A paradezI vidvAnane Teko che ema batAvavAnuM nathI. balka ene koI dezI vidvAnanA TekAnI paNa jarUra nathI. samasta brahmAMDa gItAjInA mahAna u5dezathI gAjI rahyuM che tene pAmara manuSya, prAcIna ke arvAcIna, paurvAtya ke pAzcAtya, ze Teke ApI zake ema hatuM? mAtra e upadezanA paDaghA eka aNadhArI guhAmAM paDatAM Ananda thaye, ane tethI te ahIM UtArI saMbhaLAvuM chuM. enA upara lAMbuM pravacana karavA pUratI anne jagyA nathI. mAtra thaDa ja zabda umerI zakAya ema che. anAsakti" e sAMkhyanA mekSazAstrane suprasiddha upadeza cheH emAM mekSanuM svarUpa puruSe prakRti paranI AsaktimAMthI chUTavuM evuM mAnavAmAM AvyuM che. A anAsaktinI sAdhanAmAM ane siddhimAM jIvanavyavahAra upara asara karatuM kevuM AdhyAtmika baLa raheluM che e jovuM hoya te mahAtmA gAMdhIjInuM daSTAnta ApaNA AgaLa pratyakSa che. paNa A anAsakti" saMbadhI prazna e thAya che ke anAsakti te eka sAdhana che ke sAdhya? arthAta, e vaDe kAMIka bIjuM--e thakI para-sAdhavAnuM, prApta karavAnuM che, ke pote ja sAdhya che, eTale ke e evI sthiti che ke e prApta karyA pachI bIjuM prApta karavAnuM kAMI rahetuM ja nathI? A praznane uttara gItAmAM sAMkhyane eka "yoga' eTale ke jIvAtmAne paramAtmA sAthe joDavAnA sAdhanarUpe nirUpIne Apyo che. eTale ke, anAsakti e jAte "sAdhya nathI, paNa e vaDe kAMIka bIjuM ja sAdhavAnuM che. ane te paramAtmA sAthe jIvAtmAne saMbandha. e saMbadhe kAMI na sAdhavAne nathI, paNa che tene ja pharI sacoTa rIte-eTale ke antaH karaNamAM pratyakSa rIte anubhavavAne che. ane teTalA ja mATe ene bhagavadgItAmAM "ravRti' kahela che. keTalAkane A anubhava prakRti uparanI Asakti

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640 anAsakitaga cheDavAthI thAya che. paNa e Asakita choDavI sahelI nathI. arjunane A muzkelI samajhAI hatI, ane tethI e kRSNane kahe cheH cazcalaM hi manaH kRSNa pramAthi balavad dRDham / tasyAhaM nigrahaM manye vAyoriva suduSkaram // prathama sAMkhya jyAre puruSane prakRtithI mukata kare eTaluM kahIne aTakyo, tyAre zI rIte mukta kare e prazna UDyo- ane emAMthI sAMkhyanI paripUrtimAM gadarzana utpanna thayuM. paNa yogamAM je "cittavRttinirodhane upadeza karyo che ene paNa Acaravo sahelo nathI. tethI ajune ethI AgaLa jaIne khulAso karavA kRSNane vinaMti karI che. kRNe joyuM ke A pahelAM ene dhyAnanI prakriyA batAvI hatI. paNa arjuna ekadama sAMkhya te zuM, paNa dhyAna eTale yoganI paddhatithI paNa prakRtipuruSane viveka karI zake ema nathI. ene te sAmAnya janane paNa saraLa evo koI mArga batAvo joIe. A mArga te bhakitamArga che ane e jJAnamArga karatAM sahelo che, paNa Utarato nathI. te mATe kRSNa arjunane sAtamA adhyAyathI bAramA adhyAya sudhI paramAtmAnuM svarUpa samajhAve che, ene jagamAM aneka vibhUtirUpe anubhava karatAM zIkhave che. Akhare bhagavAnanI kRpAthI eka adbhuta kSaNe ene A vizvamAM trikALa virAjatA- bhUta vartamAna ane bhaviSyamAM vyApI ane pravartI rahelA-paramAtmAnuM darzana thAya che. pachI prakRti-puruSane bheda samajhAya che, prakRtinA guNo samajhAya che, e guNemAM paNa manuSyanI bhAvanAnI tRpti nathI. enI paNa pAra javAnuM che. ane te mahAnadI prabhune hAtha jhAlyA vinA tarAya ema nathI ba9 prabhu pote ja ApaNe hAtha jhAle to ja tarAya ema che. A "zaraNAgati gi" ane e karatAM paNa adhika evo "puSTiga. " nAyamAtmA praSacanena labhyo na vidhayA na bahunA zrutena / yameveSa vRNute tena labhyastasyaiSa AtmA vivRNute tanUM svAma" // upaniSadu [vasata, kArtika-paSa, saMvata 1994]

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vyAkhyAne

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1. zaMkarajayantI * 643 ma zaMkara-jyantI siddhapuramAM thaelA utsavamAM pramukha tarIkenuM bhASaNa sagrahastho mane ApanI vatI rA. prahalAdabhAI taraphathI atre AvavAnuM nimaMtraNa ApavAmAM AvyuM, tyAre meM dhAryuM hatuM ke e upakAranA badalAmAM huM eka vyAkhyAna ApIne anRNa thaIzaH paraMtu Ape mane A prasaMge pramukhapada ApIne adhika upakRta karyo che-e upakArano badalo kevI rIte vALuM e mane sUjhatuM nathI. paNa eka bIjI rIte vicAra karuM chuM te mane lAge che ke huM mAre pitAne ja ghera chuM, ane AbhAranI lAgaNI hada pAra dharAvavAnuM kAraNa nathI. rA. prahalAdabhAIne huM mArA mitranA-rA. maNilAlanAmitra tarIke lAMbA vakhatathI oLakhuM chuM, ane atyAre mArA ja eka vidyArthIe mArI samakSa maMgaLAcaraNa gAI saMbhaLAvyuM e paNa mane mArI kolejanuM ja smaraNa karAve che, eTale upakArabhAnamAM samAelI je parAyApaNAnI buddhi te mane thatI nathI. Ape mArA vedAntanA ane tattvajJAnanA lAMbA abhyAsanI prazaMsA karI te mAtra Apane pakSapAta ja che. vIza pacIsa varSa to zuM paNa AkhI manuSyajIdagI paNa dharma ane tattvajJAnanA gahana viSayanA abhyAsa mATe basa nathIH are! manuSyajAti hajAro varSathI A viSayanA jJAna mATe mathyA kare che, paraMtu ene pAra pAmI nathI-te eka sAdhAraNa manuSyano jete abhyAsa A viSayanAM chevaTanAM satyo ukelavAmAM keTaluM karI zake? mAtra Ape mAre mAthe je kartavya nAMkhyuM che te yathAzakti yathAmati banAvavA huM yatna karIza. have AjanuM kAma zarU karatAM pahelAM-mAre jaNAvavuM joIe ke svAgatamaDaLanA pramukhazrIe zrImanmAdhavatIrthosvAmI saMbadhI tathA zrImamahArAjA sAheba saMbadhI je prazasAnAM vacano uccAryo che temAM huM maLuM chuM: zrImanmAdhavatIrthasvAmIe dezanI samudrayAna paratve je vartamAna samayanI jarUra vicArIne egya vyavasthA ApI che, tathA strIkeLavaNuM vadhAravA teo taraphathI vAraMvAra je upadeza karavAmAM Ave che, e kharekhara stutipAtra che. tema ja zrImamahArAjA sAheba sAthe be cAra vAra mane je vAtacItanA prasaMge maLyA che te uparathI huM kahuM chuM ke teozrIne prajAnA kalyANa mATe

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zaMkarajayaMtI bahu tIvra lAgaNI che, ane "e kalyANa huM kevI rIte karuM?" e satata vicAra karavAmAM ja emane saghaLe samaya jAya che. ATaluM kahI-huM AjanuM kAma cAlatuM karavA Apane vinaMti karuM chuM. [ tyAra bAda traNa gRhastho taraphathI zaMkarAcAryane lagatAM vyAkhyAno thayAM.]: pramukhane upasaMhAra sadagRhastho!--Apane AraMbhamAM ja eka vAta jaNAvIne AgaLa cAlavuM ThIka che. Apanu nimantraNa AvyuM tyAre te svIkAratA pahelAM mArA manamA eka zaMkA upajI hatIH mAre kaMI paNa saMpradAya sAthe joDAelA utsavamAM vyAkhyAna ApavA javu e ThIka che? tarata ja--kSaNa mAtramAM ja-mArA manamAthI e zakA jatI rahI. manuSyanI svAbhAvika buddhizIlatA ane tajanya udAratAmAM mane zraddhA che, ane sAcA hRdayathI me je vicAre bAMdhyA che e mArA badhuo AgaLa nikhAlasa rIte kahevA emAM kAI saMkeca rAkhavAnuM kAraNa nathI. temAM paNa jyAre "sundara ziva ma gala guNa gAu" e prArthanAsamAjI kavivaranA padya vaDe ApanA kAryanuM maMgalAcaraNa thayu e huM vicAruM chuM, tyAre to ApanI udAravRtti mATe mane kharekhara mAna. upaje che ane kAMI paNa gerasamajaNa thavAnA bhaya vagara hu prakRti prasaMge pramukha tarIkenA mArA vicAra ApanI samakSa mUkI zakIza ema mane AzA che. huM koI paNa saMpradAya nathIH mArI jIvanacaryA ja saMpradAyathI viruddha che. meM je jIvanavRtti svIkArI che temAM sAkaradAnanuM mArU daSTibindu ja nahi paNa vallabhAcArya ane rAmAnujAcAryanA vedAnta nu paNa bhAre adhyayana adhyApana karavu paDe che-eTaluM ja nahi paNa jaina ane aMgrejI tattvajJAna paNa mAre zIkhavu zIkhavavuM paDe che ane A ja abhyAsamAM mArAM vIsa-pacIsa varSo gayAM che, eTale keIpaNa saMpradAyane vaLagI rahevuM-tema karavuM iSTa hoya tathApi tema karavuM-baguM canti majAna' e nyAye mArAmAM azakya thaI paDayu che. A azakyatA mATe huM dilagIra nathI. atyAre ApaNe deza aneka rIte anya dezonI sAthe saMba tvamAM Avyo che. ApaNA ghauM ane rUnA bhAva ahInI pedAzathI nakkI thatA nathI-anya dezonA pAka upara ene AdhAra rahe chete ja rIte atyAre ApaNuM dharma saMbandhI vicAromAM paNa ahInAM ja zAstronAM vacano TAkAne bezI rahe cAle ema nathI. ApaNe vRddha jane zraddhAthI zAstranAM

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zakarajayo 45 vacanA svIkAraze, tathApi ApaNAM chekarA je aMgrejI keLavaNI le che temane e vacanAthI santeSa thavAnA nathI. Ave prasaMge jo ApaNAM zAstranuM rakSaNa karavuM heAya te pazcimanI vicArapaddhatine mAna ApyA vinA cAlaze nahi...arthAt ApaNAM zAstrane RSi ane AcAryAMnAM vacaneA tarIke ja pramANu kahyu cAle tema nathI. enuM 'Critical" dRSTiminduthI--'Critical' eTale nindAnuM nahi paNa parIkSAnu----evA daSTibinduthI avaleAkana ane rakSaNu karavAnI jarUra che. eTaluM ja nahi paNa pazcima sAthenA saMbandhamAM ApaNe eka khIjI bAbata dhyAnamAM rAkhavAnI che ane te e ke ApaNe amuka grantha ke AcAyaeNne uttama mAnatA hAIe tathApi te ekane ja AgaLa dharyA karavAthI khasa nathI. ApaNuA dezanI dhArmika samRddhi bahu bhAre che. e sadhaLI samRddhi ApaNI peAtAnI che evA mamatvathI ene bahAra lAvI jagat AgaLa raju karavAnI jarUra che. kAine hIrA gamaze, teA kAi temANiya gamaze, kAI suvarNa mAgaze, teA kAI sundara anna ja pasaMda karaze; jene je joize te lezeH ApaNI pharaja, ApaNI pAse je che te sarvane AgaLa karavAnI che: vividha jAtanu dhana che chatA, ekalA kAhInUra ja dekhAvyA karaveza, ane anya sarva khAkhatamAM daridratA darzAvavI e ucita nathI. Ama heAvAthI ekalA zakarAcAryane ja ApaNA peAtAnA karIne besavu te iSTa nathI. Ama, A dezanA aneka tattvajJAnIomAnA eka tarIke emane laI--Aja emane viSe khelavAne prasaMga heAvAthI--emane viSe hu kheAluM chu. 2 zakara ane paNa zakarAcArya viSe kheAlavA jatAM ja--eka prazna thAya che ke A A bhUmi te sAMkhyAcArya kapilanI che, tyAM zAkaravedAnta kevu ? zaMkarAcArye zArIraka bhASyamAM dvitIyAdhyAya prathama pAda prathama sUtramAM sAMkhyamrutipraNetA kapilane anIzvaravAdI gaNI apramANa mAnyA che. te eTale sudhI ke 'RRtti pravRtaM pichuM castamake jJAnaniyati nAyamAna A vacait' e zruti sAMpyAcArya kapilane badale vAsudeva nAmanA eka khIjA kapilane lagADavI ema e kahe che. tyAre e sAMkhyAcArya kapilane avagaNIne ApaNe zaMkarAcAryanA yaza gAvA esavuM ? ke bIjI kAI rIte baMne mahAtmAonA siddhAntane eka bIjA sAthe meLavIne ApaNe AjanA viSaya carcA? ApaNA pUrvajo paraspara kApala 4. vastutaH tA A zruti e kapilane paNa lAgatI nathI; hiraNyagarbha viSenI che.

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46 zaMkarajayantI r veda ane SaDDI viruddha siddhAntAnA keTalIka vAra 'logical' rItie samanvaya karI dekhADatA; paNa teo karatAM eka vadhAre sArI paddhati ApaNA hAthamAM AvI che ane te ' historical method ' yAne atihAsika paddhati che. ApaNA dharma ane tattvajJAnanA tihAsamAM kapila ane zaMkarAcAryanuM kyAM sthAna che e dhyAnamAM letAM, teone avirAdha saheja sAdhI zakAya che. ApaNe cheka mULathI zarUAta karIe. veda e ApaNA sarve dhama ane tattvajJAnanuM mULa che. veda brahmAnA mukhamAMthI nIkaLyA ema ApaNe sAMbhaLIe chIeH e vAta satya che, paNa jarA UMDA UtarIne vicAravA jevI che. brahmAnAM cAra mukhamAMthI veda nIkaLyA te kharekhara cAra mhAMnA phuvArAmAMthI cAra sereAnI mA paDyA haze ema te bhAgye ja manAze. A kalpita rUpaka najara AgaLa lAvIe chIe ke turata enA yathAzruta artha hasavA jevA pratIta thaI, enA garbhamAM raheluM UMDu satya ApaNune samajAya che. 'trajJAna' zabda vRd-vRrttau dhAtu uparathI thaelA hAI, enA mULa artha, vizvamAM vyApelu ane vizvanI vRddhinuM kAraNa evuM je dhArmika tattva tethAya che. e dhArmika tattva cAra vedamAM tema cAre dizAmA vyApelu cheH e pUrvamA che tema pazcimamA che, uttaramAM che, tema dakSiNamAM che. e sarvatra vyApelA dhArmika tattvanA udgAra rUpe vedanI utpatti che. ane emA dharmanA savaLA tattvA----jJAna bhakti ane karma--ane te paNa jJAnI ajJAnI prauDha bALa sane saMtAje eve rUpe--samAelAM che, tethI ApaNe ene parama pramANu tarIke mAna ApIe chIe. vedanA traNa bhAga cheH saMhitA brAhmaNa ane upaniSad; temAnA eka upAsanA yA bhaktipradhAna che, khIjo ka`pradhAna che, ane trIjo jJAnapradhAna che. emAMnA je trIje bhAga upaniSad emAM chevaTanA siddhAnta e batAvyA ke brahma yAne paramAtmA e ja kharUM tattva che, e jANavuM joie, ane te ApaNe jANatA nathI. e zI rIte jANavuM ? zrutie kahyuM ane ApaNe sAMbhaLyuM (zruti), paNu te najare jovuM (darzana) zI rIte ? e prazna thAya che. e praznanA uttara ApavAnA yatnamAMthI ApaNAM darzanAnI utpatti thaI che. Adya darzana te kapilanuM sAMkhyadarzanaH sAMkhyadarzane kahyuM ke ApaNe brahmane jANatA nathI tenuM kAraNa prakRti-puruSanA aviveka che; ApaNe prakRti ane puruSane, deha ane AtmAne bheLaroLa karI nAMkhIe chIe e ApaNI heATI bhUla che, tethI paramAtmA DhaMkAelA rahe che. sAMkhyuM A prakRti ane puruSanA vivekanI upara ja sadhaLA bhAra mUkayA, ane paramAtmA viSe kAMI kahyu nahi. tethI sauna ane

Page #704
zakarajayantI 647 niSedhaarthamAM levAya che e niyame paramAtmA nathI evuM sAMkhyadarzInanuM tAtpa samajAyuM. jarA prasaMgAntara karIne khIje dAkhalA ApuM. buddha bhagavAna paNa mULa brahmanA niSedha karatA ke vedanuM khaMDana karatA na hatAH vedAnusArI gaNAtA keTalAka AcArAnuM khaMDana karavAnA ja emanA Azaya hatA. eka prAcIna bauddha grantha jotAM, emAM khudda bhagavAna brahmAnA niSedha karatA nathI paNa kahe che ----nadIne A tIre UbhA rahI sAmA tIrane khUma pADavAthI e tIra ahIM AvatuM nathI, paNa heADImAM esI halesAM mArI e tIra tarapha jaIe tA ja tyAM javAya che, ema brAne (=brahmA' )mAtra nAmathI melAvye e prApta thatuM nathI, paNa ene pAmavA mATe sAdhana AcaravAM joie paraMtu A sAdhana mATenA Agraha sAdhyanA niSedhanA arthamAM levAye tema sAMkhyadarzane prakRtipuruSanA viveka saMbandhI vizeSa pratipAdana karavA jatAM brahma paratve je mauna rAkhyuM tenA artha anIzvaravAda DhauM. AgaLa jatAM sAMkhyadarzananAM pustakAmAM e anIzvaravAdanuM samarthana karavAmAM AvyuM. paNa kapila bhagavAnanA e Azaya nahi hAya. have bIjuM pagaluM : prakRtipuruSanA avivekathI vastusvarUpa DhaMkAeluM rahe che kharuM; paNu e aviveka zI rIte TALavA ane viveka zI rIte UpajAvavA ?--e prazna thAya che. e mATe kAMIka sAdhananI ceAjanA karavI joIe; e karavA-cAgadarzananI utpatti thaI. prakRtithI puruSane judA pADavA ' ceAga ' yAne ' cittavRttinirAdha karavA joie, ane te IzvaramAM praNidhAna karavAthI thaI zake ityAdi sAdhanasaraNa yeAgadarzane khatAvI. kapilanuM sAMkhyadarzana ene 'Theoretic Sankhya' ane pataMjalinA yAgane 'Practical Sankhya' ema kahI zakAya. ubhaya ApaNAM pustakAmAM nirIzvara sAMkhya ' ane 'sezvara sAMkhya' ema sAMkhya nAme--eka ja darzananA e bhAga rUpe--eLakhAvAya che. vArU----paNa prakRtipuruSanA vivekanI ane te mATe joItA cittavRttinirAdhanI zI jarUra ? AtmAparamAtmA evA padArtho ja kyAM che ? ta pradhAna yuganI A zaMkAonA uttara ApavA vaizeSika ane nyAya darzIne utpanna thayAM. AtmA ane anAtmAnA vizeSa dharmAM nakkI karanAra darzana te vaizeSika; ane te mATe joItAM anumAnAdi pramANanI ceAgya ghaTanA karanAra te nyAya. Ama pUrvokta sAMkhya ane cAga uparAMta khIjA be nA thayAM. paNa e daneAmAM eka khAmI udhADI hatI teo laukika pramANa vaDe alaukika padArthanA nirNaya karavA pravRtta thayAM hatAM. parvato ghannumAna dhUmAta' e anumAnapati bhale dhUma ane ddhi mATe yathArtha heAya; paraMtu ApaNe je viSaya vicAravA beThA chIe te " " *

Page #705
148 zaMkarajayantI te dhUma ane vahi karatAM ghaNe gaMbhIra che--ane emAM sAmAnya anumAnapaddhati nizcaya UpajAvI zakatI nathI. A rIte vaizeSika ane nyAya darzane asajoSakAraka pratIta thayAM. manuSyabuddhie thAkIne pharI zrutinuM rakSaNa lIdhuM. pUrvamImAMsAe brAhmaNa(grantha)ne Azraya,uttaramImAMsAe upaniSa karyo. brAhmaNanI karmakAMDanI vigata pUrvamImAMsAe barAbara goThavI-paNa e tatvavicArane jALarUpa--muktine pratikULa-dekhAI teonA AtmAne brahmajJAnanI tarasa lAgI hatI, te taraza uttaramImAMsAe chIpAvI. Ama uttaramImAMsA yAne brahmasUtra yAne vedAntasUtra upara ApaNe AvyA eTale tyAMthI enA arthane prazna zarU thayoH zaMkara rAmAnuja ane vallabha e traNa AcAryonAM bhASyo ane e bhASyonAM vAtike vivaraNe prakaraNagrantha Adi racAtAM cAlyAM. A pramANe dharma ane tatvajJAnanA ItihAsamAM zaMkarAcAryanuM sthAna che. sadgaha' zaMkarAcAryanA siddhAna ghaNu gahana che. meM Apane Ara. bhamAM kahyuM hatuM tema eka manuSyajanma te zuM paNa manuSyajAti anAdi kALathI Aja paryanta e viSayano pAra pAmavA mathe che paNa te pAmI zakatI nathI. e tattvajJAnanI chevaTanI bhUmikAnA siddhAnta che. e zI rIte samajAya? paNa bhavabhUti kahe che tema "vA i ivRni kusumAra DhovattA vaitari'-mahAna puruSonAM hadaya vaja karatAM kaThaNa ane , kusuma karatAM komaLa hoya che; tahata emanA siddhAnta paNa kaThaNamAM kaThaNuM ane saraLamAM saraLa che. emanA siddhAnta te rAjAne khAvAnI sUtarapheNa ja nahi, paNa garIbanI bhAkharI paNa hoya che ane e zaMkarAcAryanuM ja enI yathArthatAnI kharI kasoTI che. paMDita paMDitonI tatvajJAna buddhi pramANe, ane sAmAnya buddhinAM manuSya sAmAnya pramANe, ene upayoga karI zake e ja eno khare mahimA che. zaMkarAcAryanA siddhAntane pAzcAtya keLavaNI pAmelo vidvAna paNu gahanatAnI parisImAM samaje che, ane raste jato bhikhArI paNa enA ekatArAmAM ene gAya che e enI khUbI che. te e gahana siddhAntane saraLa AkAramAM zA mATe na mUkI zakAya? tema karavAmAM bezaka bahu bahu kauzala joIe che, ane e kauzala mArAmAM che ema mAnavAnI dhRSTatA ha karete nathI-tathApi jema banaze tema huM ene saraLa rUpe ApanI AgaLa mUkavA yatna karIza. hAlamAM-dareka mahAna puruSanA grantha, enA jIvananI hakIkata sAthe ane enA samayanA svarUpa sAthe meLavIne, vAMcavA-vicAravAnI rIti cAle

Page #706
zaMkarajayaMtI 649 che. ane te iSTa che. paraMtu zaMkarAcAryanA saMbadhamAM ene upaga karatAM keTalIka muzIbata naDe che. eka te emanA jIvananI hakIkata ApaNe IcchIe teTalI sapramANa maLatI nathI. zaMkaravijaya ane zaMkaradigavijayamAM je hakIkata noMdhAelI che te enI sthala rekhArUpe ApaNe svIkArI zakIe. paNa emAMnI dareka vAta zabdaza: ApaNe kharI mAnI zakIe tema nathI. e grantha zaMkarAcArya pachI ghaNe varSe lakhAyA che, enA keTalAka bhAga kAvya tarIke lakhAelA hoI e rUpe samajavAnA che, ane emAMnI keTalIka hakIkata te tana ayathArtha ja che--jema ke zaMkarAcAryane keTalAka pratipakSIo sAthe vivAda varNavyo che te pratipakSIo emanA - samayamAM nahi paNa bIjA samayamAM thayA hatA e anya prabaLatarA pramANane AdhAre itihAsathI siddha thaI cUkyuM che. vaLI-e pote samaya, vRttAnta, kyAre thayA e bAbata paNa vividha mata cheH I. sa. pUrve tathA grantha - keTalAMka zatakothI mAMDI I. sa. pachI AThamA zataka sudhImAM bandhI muzkelI emane mATe bhinna bhinna samaya batAvavAmAM Ave che. emAMnA keTalAka mata svIkAratAM bAdha e Ave che ke zaMkarAcArye bauddhadharmane uccheda karyo kahevAya che, chatAM e samayamAM ane te pachI paNa bauddha dharma pUrNa jAhojalAlI jogavato hato ema paradezI (cInI) musApharonI noMdha uparathI tathA anyatra granthamAMthI maLatI hakIkata uparathI jaNAya che. vaLI zaMkarAcAryanA grantho kayA kayA e praznano nirNaya kare paNa taddana sahela nathI. "zaMkarAcArya' nAma mAtra Adya zaMkarAcAryanuM ja nathI. emanI gAdInA sarve puruSo "zaMkarAcArya" nAme ja oLakhAya che, ane tethI anya zaMkarAcAryonI kRtio Agha zaMkarAcAryane nAme caDhI gaI hoya te temAM kAMI navAI jevuM nathI. chatAM, jyAre ApaNe emanA siddhAntane nirNaya karavo ja che, te A muzIbatathI nirAza na thatAM--emanA amuka grantha je nirvivAda rIte emanA ja che te laI, e granthathI aviruddha je je grantha mAluma paDe te svIkAravA ane anya choDI devA. AvI rIte vicAra karatAM-vedAntasUtranuM zArIraka bhASya, keTalAMka upaniSado tathA gauDapAdanI kArikA uparanAM bhASyo, zrImadbhagavadgItA uparanuM bhASya ane te uparAMta keTalAka prakaraNa grantho ane padyo ni:sandigdha rIte zaMkarAcAryanAM che ema siddha thAya che. A sarva granthomAM pratipAdana karelA agAdha ane vistIrNa tattvajJAnanuM nirUpaNa karavAnuM A sthAna nathI. A prasaMga nathI. paNa e sarvanA dohanarUpa-

Page #707
6pa0 ' zaMkarajayanI "brahma satyaM jaganmithyA jIvo brahmaiva nAparaH" 'e ka je zaMkarAcAryane kahevAya che, je emanA keI paNa prasiddha pustakamAM upalabdha thatuM nathI, chatAM ene prasAda jotAM, tathA emAM ghaNuM satya TUMkAmAM bahu sArI rIte samAvI dIdhuM che e jotAM, zaMkarAcAryane hoya e saMbhavita che-e zlokArdhanA ja vivaraNa rUpe thoDuMka kahuM te te anne basa thaze. * sarva siddhAntanA sArabhUta A lokArdhamAM pahelI ja vAta zI kahI che?--"kSa rahya"--"brahma satya che" e. A bahu agatyane siddhAnta che. zaMkarAcAyanA bIjA be siddhAntane e brAhatyam pAyo che. keTalAka jo zaMkarAcAryane anIzvaravAdI kahe che. ane pazcimamAM paNa "Pantheism"ne "Polite ather ism" kahevAmAM AvyuM che. pazcimamAM vidvAnene "Pantheism" pratye ATalo badhe TheSa thavAnA aitihAsika kAraNe che-paraMtu tyAMnA tattvajJAnane ItihAsa ApavA jatAM bahu viSayAMtara thaI jAya mATe atyAre te che te nathI. huM khAsa AgrahathI jaNAvavA mAguM chuM te e ke zAMkaravedAntane anIzvaravAda bilakula kahI zakAya ema nathI. zAMkarasiddhAnta pramANe jo huM chuM, tame cho, je A jagata che, te Izvara paNa che ja; je arthamAM huM nathI, tame nathI, jagata nathI-te ja arthamAM Izvara nathIH ane te barAbara che. jIva jagata ane IzvaranI, mana mAyA ane mahezvaranI, tripuTI che-emAMthI kaI ekaluM rahI zakatuM nathI. jo huM tame ane A jagata na hoya te Izvara niyatA ne ? mATe je arthamAM emane niSedha thAya che, te arthamAM, ane te ja arthamAM, Izvarane paNa niSedha barAbara che. have brahma je cetanyasvarUpa che tene viSe thoDeka vicAra karIe. pAzcAtya philasupha kAnTe manuSyajJAnanA svarUpa viSe tathA enI maryAdA viSe keTaluMka tattvacintana karyuM che. e tatvacintana karIne eNe eka evo siddhAnta bAMdhe che ke ApaNe je "deza" "kAla" nAme oLakhIe chIe e bAhya padArtho nathI--e havA ke dhummasanI mAphaka bahAra patharAelA padArtho nathI; e te amuka AkAre yAne bIbAM che ke jene Indriya pitAnI sAthe viSaya pratye laI jAya che, ane viSayane e bIbAMmAM nAMkhIne ja dekhADe che. arthAta e amuka upAdhio che, ane je padAthI Indriyagocara che tene ja e lAgu paDe che. AthI ATaluM spaSTa che ke

Page #708
zaMkarajayantI * 651 je indriyane viSaya nathI tene deza ke kAla rUpa upAdhi lAgu paDI zakatA nathI. ane je Ama deza ane kAlathI atIta che tenI-saMkhyA paNa kema saMbhave ? huM mane ane tamane eka be traNa cAra ema gaNuM zakuM chuM; kAraNa ke ApaNe A deharUpe yA dehane laIne deza ane kAlamAM chIe. paNa zuddha citanyarUpa padArtha te sarvathA eka ja hoI zake_bake ene "eka evo saMkhyAvAcaka zabda paNa lAgu pADI zakAto nathI; to enAmAM anekatA kema saMbhave ? mATe zAMkaredAnta "traNa satya" ema kahevAnI sAthe ja jagatane ane jIvana niSedha kare che. brahmAnI joDe jagata kema rahI zake? brahma eka ane jagata bIjI ema gaNavA zI rIte besAya? A ajavALuM ane A Tebala-ema brahma ane jagata te eka bIjAnI bahAra rahelA padArtho nathIH brahma kAMI ajavALAnI mAphaka jagatanI AsapAsa vITaLAI rahelo padArtha nathI, e te enA antamAM pravezelo padArtha che, ane te paNa madhapUDAmAM madha ke jhADamAM rasanI mAphaka jarA paNa juda heI aMdara pravezelo padArtha nathI-paNu jenA kaI paNa dAkhalA ApI na zakAya evI rIte potAnA vistAramA jagatane samAvI denAra vyApaka padArtha che. Ama caitanyanA kharA svarUpanuM grahaNa karavAnI sAthe ja jagata ane jIva ubhaya emA laya pAmI jAya che. "brahma satya" e eka siddhAntamAMthI " " ane " trazaiva rAparaH" e bane siddhAnta avazya phalita thAya che. A jagata mithyA che, dekhAya che paNa te vastutaH nathI, e siddhAnta gaLe UtAre ghaNAne kaThaNa lAge che. paNa me Apane kahyuM tema traNanuM vyApaka svarUpa samajAI jAya te e samajaNamAthI e siddhAnta avazya rIte phalita thAya che. chatAM sAmAnya budi enuM grahaNa nArijI karI zakatI nathI. na ja karI zake. bAhya jagatane na mAna nAra eka philasuphane sAmAnya buddhinI mUrtirUpa eka aMgreja vidvAne thAMbhalA sAthe mAthuM aphALavA ane pachI bAhya jagata che ke kema e nakkI karavA kahyuM hatu! paNa jagatanA niSedhane Avo upahAsa vartamAna jamAnAmAM zakya nathI. hAlane eka tattvajJAnane pIDha ane pratiSThita pAzcAtya prophesara kahe che tema-jene A bAhya jagatanA astitva viSe zaMkA UpajI nathI tene tatvavicAra karavAno adhikAra ja nathI. tavavicAra jagatanA niSedha vinA udbhavatuM nathI eTaluM ja nahi, paNa koI paNa zAstra te vinA udbhavatu nathI. mAyAvAda e sarva zAstranA pAyAmAM

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upara zaMkarajayantI vacana che. narasika svIkArAI rahe che. laukika dRSTie-vyavahAra daSTie--sAmAnya buddhie A saghaLuM dekhAya che tevuM ja nathI paNa enI pAchaLa gUDha satya raheluM che ema mAnIne ja sarva zAstra pravarte che. sUrya candra tArA dekhAya che tevaDA nathI, pRthvi sthira dekhAya che paNa vastutaH tevI nathI-A Tebala sthira paDeluM dekhAya che paNa enA avayava rU5 padArthamAM acinya gati sadA sarvadA thayA ja kare che-ityAdi sarva pratipAdana mAyAvAda svIkArIne ja banI zake che. have prazna eTalo ja che ke A jagata dekhAya che tevuM nathI tyAre kevuM che? dhArmikadaSTa yAne citanyadRSTi jemanI tIvra thaelI che temane e hamezAM brahmarUpa ja dekhAyuM che. " yA nizA sarvabhUtAnAM tasyAM jAgati saMyamI / cahyAM nAgati matAni nA nizA racato mune !" =anya saunI rAtri e jJAnIne divasa; ane jJAnIne divasa e ' anyanI rAtri--evuM bhagavadgItAnuM vacana che. narasiha mahetA kahe cheH jAgIne jouM to jagata dIse nahI, UMghamAM aTapaTA bhoga bhAse." ane pleTanA siddhAntane anuvAda karatI aMgreja kavi varDajhavarthanI paMkti paNa suprasiddha che ke -"Our life is but a sleep and a forgetting" ItyAdi. chatAM-jeonI dRSTi ATalI brahmabharI thaIna hoya teone mATe paNa zAMkaredAntamAM eka sthAna che. zAMkaradAntI vidyAraNyamuni IzvarasRSTi ane jIvasRSTi evA sRSTinA be bheda pADe che. paMcamahAbhUta ane enA vividha padArtho te IzvarasRSTi; ane e padArtho pratye jIve karelA rAgadveSAdika te jIvasRSTi. jIvane jyAre jJAna thAya che tyAre jIvasRSTine nAza thAya che, IzvarasRSTino nahi. arthAt mukta dazAmAM te te padArtho kAMI dekhAtA baMdha thavAnA nathI, paNa teo pratye rAgadveSAdi vRtti baMdha thavAnI. A siddhAnta je ke zAMkaredAntanA itihAsamAM uttama koTine manAtuM nathI-tathApi uttama koTinA siddhAnta sAthe enuM eka maLatApaNuM che te e ke A rIte jJAna, mukti, e amuka dRSTi Thare che-e sthitimAM bAhya jagatamAM kAMI pheraphAra thavAno nathI paNa e jagat jude rUpe bhAsavAnuM che. A jhADa mane tamane bhAse che te karatA eka "botanistvAne vanaspatizAstrIne te jude ja rUpe bhAse che. te ja rIte eka manahara strInuM zarIra je enA para premathI bhIjAelA patine eka rUpe bhAse che, saundaryathI mehelA parapuruSane bIje rUpe bhAse che, dAtarane vaLI trIje rUpe bhAse che, ane pleTanA jagata dIse

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1. zakarAjayanI 6pa3 te ja brahmajJAnIne vaLI anya rUpe ja---brahma rUpe-bhAse che. A brahmarUpe bhAsa te pUrvokta bhAsathI jude paNa e ja kakSAne eka bhAsa mAtra nathI. ema hoya te e sarva bhAsa te AtmAnI mAtra judI judI avasthAo (states) ja thaI rahe, ane satya evuM kaMI rahe ja nahi. paNa vastutaH pUrvokta bhAsa te brahmAnA bhAsamAM AbhAsa banI jAya che, arthAta e sarva bhAsane alpakAra banAvI enI upara e ujjavaLa prakAza rUpe virAje che. Ama jaganmithyAtvanuM tAtparya brahmasatyatvanA uddAma anubhavamAM samajavAnuM che; pApapuNyanA niSedhamAM ke anya kaI rIte jagatane niSedha karavAmAM levAnuM nathI. tra satya", "kAmiyA"--enuM tAtparya ApaNe samajyA. have "ka trava vaparaH" enuM rahasya sama- jIvo ghara chae. zAMkaradAna e sarva tattvajJAnanI parAkASThA che e vAta "tatvamasi' ne siddhAnta samajavA jatAM jevI pratIta thAya che tevI e darzananA anya koI bhAgamAM pratIta thatI nathI. atre jIvAtmA ane paramAtmAne je saMbadha kahyo che tenuM, enI uttarottara vikAsanI bhAvanAmAM, kharuM sthAna samajavA mATe e saMbadha paratve dazavAelA judA judA siddhAnto laIe ane temane eka ekanI upara bhUmikAvAra goThavIe. paramAtmAnI kevaLa zakti ja anubhavavI e manuSyanI jaMgalI dazA. paNa kuTumbamAM ane janasamAjamAM nyAya anyAyanI samajaNa udaya pAme ke tenI sAthe-paramAtmA nyAyakArI che, rAjA che e samajaNa uddabhave. vedamAM varuNane "cANa rANA vALo pati maLe tyAre savAratha " ItyAdi aneka sthaLe "rAjA" kahela che; ane te ja pramANe indra sAma vagerene paNa "rAjA" vizeSaNa lagADeluM che. rAjA karatAM caDhI Ate bhAva pitAne. pAzcAtya dharmanA itihAsakAre kahe che ke yAhudI prajA Izvarane rAjA tarIke pUjatI, ane pitAne bhAva dharmamAM pahelavahelo Isukhriste ja dAkhala karyo. ApaNumAM paNa keTalAka IzvaranI pitA tarIkenI samajaNa khristI dharmanI mAnI eno upahAsa kare che. paNa vastutaH "pitAhi srojakya rAvarahya" ema bhagavadgItA kayAM nathI kahetI? eTaluM ja nahi paNa cheka hadasaMhitAmAM paNa pitR

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654. zaMkarajayantI g= himAme " "putra pitAnA vastrane cheDe jhAle tema huM tAre cheDe jhAluM chuM."--"vi putravimave" "pitA putrane khoLAmAM tema tuM mane le che." ema jIvAtmA ane paramAtmAnA saMbandha viSenI ukitao che." rAjAmAM phakta sAmarthya ane nyAya che; pitAmAM vizeSamAM prema che. paNa pitA AgaLa putra pitAnA hRdayanI UMDI bAMdhachoDa karI zakatuM nathI. te mATe te sakhAbhAva joIe e bhAvavAcaka vacane paNa dasaMhitAmAM maLe che. vasijha ane varuNa vacce sakhA-bhAva che. upaniSamAM paNa "Raa sayunA raNIyA samAnaM zu pariSazvanaate tayoranyaH pippalaM svAvatyananannanyo'bhicAkazIti" ="eka vRkSa upara jIvAtmA ane paramAtmA evA be joDI -sakhA- pakSIo beThelAM che. temAMnuM eka vRkSanA TeTA khAya che, ane bIjuM antayamI sAkSI rUpe e joyA kare che." e sakhAbhAvane anubhava barAbara tamArI kalpanAmAM lAva hoya te ItihAsa ane purANa vageH "tihaaspuraannaabhyaaN vedaM samupabRMhayet / bibhetyalpazrutAvado mAmayaM pradariSyati"="ItihAsa ane purANu vaDe vedanuM upabRhaNa karavuM; alpazruta mANasa-jeNe ItihAsa ane purANunI AkhyAyikAo sAMbhaLI nathI-tenAthI veda vhIe che ke rakhene e mAre ghAta kare." mATe ItihAsa ane purANuthI tamArI pratibhA jagADazo te jIvAtmA ane paramAtmAne sakhAbhAva tamane nara ane nArAyaNamAM, arjuna ane kRSNamAM, pratyakSa thaze. paNa sakhAbhAvanA adhikArI thavuM saheluM nathI. dAmya pachI sakhAbhAva prApta thAya che--hanumAna pachI arjuna Ave che. hanumAnanI dAmyabhakti vicAre! eNe kevA baLathI paramAtmAnI prakRtine rAkSasanA baMdIkhAnAmAMthI choDavI ' dAsabhAva hasI kADhavA jevo nathI. "yAra.' mAMthI janma maraNanA pherAne dA kADhI nAMkhe eTale "Da" thaI jaze e kahevuM kharuM che-paNa sArA ramanArA te dAthI jarA paNa gabharAtA nathI-dAmAM ja Ananda mAne che. dAsyamAM je samAna premanI nyUnatA che te pati-patnI yAne "priya-priyAnA saMbaMdhamAM pUrAya che. bhakta upamanyu kahe che "virogha vimo ziyAma pirAmi mArca nAta" ="he vize ! virahI jema AkhuM jagata priyAmaya juve che tema huM AkhuM jagata tamArAmaya jeuM chuM," bhagavadgItAmAM arjune kaheluM zivaH zivALAeri re hu." e vacana suvidita che. A jagatanA sarve saMbandhomAM ekatAnI bAbatamAM patipatnI-priyapriyAnA

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zaMkara jayantI 655 saMbandha jevo eke saMbandha nathI. A ekatA te mAtra vANInI nahi-Ape paNa, sAMbhaLyuM haze ke "TAITenika' sTImara DUbI te vakhate keTalIka strIone emane jIva bacAvavA mATe pati pAsethI parANe vikhUTI pADIne hoDImAM utAravA mAMDI paNa te na UtarI "They refused to be torn from their husbands."--ane patinI sAthe jaLazayana karyuM AvI ekatA jIvAtmAe paramAtmA sAthe karavI joIe. hajI paNa AmAM kAMI bhedabhAva jaNAtuM hoya te te nivAravA zruti be traNa zabdamAM kahe che ke "tArAma"--bate tuM che." A karatAM jIvAtmA ane paramAtmAnI ekatA vadhAre TUMkAmAM darzAvAtI nathI. A jIvAtmA ane paramAtmAnA saMbadhanI ' bhUmikAmAM sarvopari che-sarva prAsAdanuM zikhara che. paNa A sarva rUpake tame kaheze ke manuSyanAM ("anthropomorphic) che. ApaNuM zuM manuSyanuM ("anthropomorphic') nathI ? manuSyanuM te manuSyanuM hoya emAM zI navAI? paNa e rUpake manuSyanAM che, ane tethI te tatvane pUrepUruM nirUpI zakatAM nathI e paNa sAthe ja svIkAravuM paDe che. kUtarAne jagata dIse che te karatAM manuSyane juduM ja dIse che, ane manuSyamAM paNa sarvane eka sarakhuM dIsatuM nathI-ane manuSya potAnA jJAnanI maryAdA samaje che eTale pitAnAM saghaLAM rUpane niSedha karIne reti neti"="e nahi e nahi ema kahe che. ane zaMkarAcArya paNa- " na caikaM tadanyad dvitIyaM kutaH syAt na vA kevalatvaM na cAkevalatvam / na zUnyaM na cAzunyamadvaitakatvAt kathaM sarvavedAntasiddha bravImi / " ema e avAlmanasagocara tatva para mauna dhAraNa karavuM ucita dhAre che. chatAM zaMkarAcArye pitAnA granthamAM jude jude sthaLe je rUpake vAparyo che te pakaDI laI emAMthI zaMkarAcAryanA pachInA vakhatamAM keTalAka vAde utpanna thAya che. e vAda vastutaH zAMkarasidhAnta karatAM adhika nathI rekeTa (havAI) AkAzamAM caDhIne phATe ane emAMthI rAtA lIlA pILA aneka tArAo nIkaLe tema "tavamasi'nA zAMkarasiddhAntamAMthI e vA nIkaLyA che. ene huM Apane DuMka digadarzana karAvuM. keTalAka kahe che-jema eka sUrya ke candranAM aneka jaLAzayamAM pratibimba paDI e aneka dekhAya che tema eka paramAtmA aneka rUpe dekhAya che. A bimbapratibimbavAda. paNa A

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656 zaMkarajayantI che judA avacchedakane lAIka vaccenuM pelI paNa AmAM rUpaka zabdazaH laI bIjA pUche che ke-caitanyanuM pratibimba kevuM? jaDanuM jaDamAM pratibimba paDe; mArA moMnuM cATalAmAM pratibimba paDe; paNa AtmAnuM zI rIte paDe? mATe keTalAka bIjuM rUpaka ApI kahe che ke jema AkAza eka akhaMDa vastu che, paNa A cAra divAlo vaccenuM AkAza te A oraDInuM kahevAya ane pelI cAra divAlo vaccenuM pelI oraDInuM kahevAya-tema judA judA avacchedakane laI eka AkAza aneka kahevAya che. paNa AmAM paNa avacchedakanI avacheuthI bhinnatA ane anekatA Ave che. keTalAka jIvAtmA-paramAtmAne saMbandha "karNa rAdheya" vagere daSTAntathI, samajAve che. sihanuM baccuM ziyALAmAM bhaLI jaI pitAnuM svarUpa bhUlI bese, ke rAjakumAra bhIlemAM UcharI pitAne bhIla ja jANe, ke pRthAne putra karNa pitAne rAdhAputra jANe-tema jIvAtmA pitAnuM kharuM svarUpa, paramAtmasvarUpa bhUlI mAyAne-avidyAne jIva banI rahyo che. A vAdamAM paNa siMha ane ziyALa, rAjA ane bhIla, pRthA ane rAdhA-eTaluM baita Ave che ja. A daitApattine zAMkaradAntanI khAmI rUpe na mUkatAM-emAMthI sAra e levo joIe ke manuSyanAM saghaLAM rUpaka parama tattvanuM svarUpa ane ene ApaNI sAthe saMbandha darzAvavAne asamartha che. ane e ja zAMkaradAnta kahevA mAge che. ' sAdhana A pramANe TUMkAmAM zaMkarAcAryane brahma jagata ane jIva saMbandhI- ' arthAta tattvajJAnanA traNa mahApadArtho saMbandhI-nirNaya che. have A vastusthiti anubhavamAM zI rIte UtAravI, ene sAkSAtkAra zI rIte karavo e saMbandhI zaMkarAcAryane siddhAnta huM tamArI samakSa mUkuM chuM. zaMkarAcArya jJAna thakI mokSa mAne che, paNa e jJAna zuSka tarka nahi, tema sAMkhyano prakRti-puruSane vivaka mAtra paNa nahi, paNa sarvavyApaka citanya sAthe ekatAne anubhava. A anubhava pAmavA mATe prANAyAmAdi aSTAMga yoga sAdhana nathI. yogazAstranA Izvara jagata ane chava saMbadhI vicAranuM zaMkarAcArya vedAntasUtrakArane anusarI "pusaina cauH pratyuttara" e sUtranA bhASyamAM khaMDana karyuM che. eTaluM ja nahi paNa aparakSAnubhUtimAM "aSTAMga(haTha)oga"nuM khaMDana karatAM pote spaSTa kahe che ke "jJAna prApadanajU"--"nAka dabAvIne besavuM e te ajJAnInI rIta che." vaLI nAka upara dRSTi sthApavAthI brahmadhyAna thAya che ema mAnanArAnA khaMDanamAM pite kahe che ke

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za'karajayantI " dRSTi jJAnamayIM kRtvA pazyed brahmamayaM jagat sA dRSTiH paramodArA na nAsAgrAvalokinI " 957 ="jJAnamaya STi karI sadhaLuM brahmamaya jovuM--A parama udAra diSTa che; nAkanI aNI joyA karavI e nahi." e ja pramANe kharA recaka ane pUraka, prapaMcane niSedha karI sarvatra paramAtmAne bharavA e ja che--UMcA nIcA zvAsa levA ityAdi nathI ema kahe che. A zvAsa levAthI zArIrika lAbha game te hai, yeAgazAstranA viSaya bhale rasika ane jANavA zodhavA lAyaka hA--paNu zAMkarasihAntamAM te brahmajJAnanA sAdhana tarIke A ceganA spaSTa niSedha che e hu Apane jaNAvuM chuM. zakarAcArya pramANe A anubhava pAmavA mATe prathama caturaMga adhikAra prApta karelA heAvA joie. te (1) nityAnityavastuviveka; (2) ihAmutrArthalabhAvirAga; (3) zama dama uparati titikSA zraddA samAdhAna e SaT sAdhanasaMpat ane (4) mumukSutva. A cAre aMgeA game tema laI gaNAvyAM che ema nathI. enI prakAraracanAmAM mAnasazAstranuM UMDuM avaleAkana karyuM che. paramAtmA te jIvAtmAnI amuka vRttithI anubhavI zakAya che ema nathIH ene anubhavavA mATe akhaDa AtmA joie; ane e AtmAmAM 'Intellect,' * Emotion, ' ' Moral Will ' ane ' Religious Sense ' e cAra vAnAM Ave che. ane e ja cAra, kramavAra, uparanA adhikAravibhAgamAM samAyelAM che. eka te nitya ane anitya vastune eka khIjAthI judI eLakhavI joie ( viveka, ) bajAramAM kapaDuM kharIdavA gaelA mANasa lIlA pILA paNa kAcA evA rgathI meAhI jAya, agara teA kAMjI caDhAvelA kaDakaDatA paNu kAheleA evA mAla laine dhera Ave, te tene tame kevA kaheze ? saMsAranA pataMgIA raMgathI meAhI jaI, kharI vastune--paramAtmAne gumAvI besanAra, manuSya A karatAM sahasragaNA mUrkha che. mATe A khAkhatamAM kharI sAragrAhI rdaSTi prApta karavI e pahelI jarUriyAta che. te sAthe khIjI khAkhata te vairAgya che. e vairAgya te A leAkanAM tema ja paralokanAM sukha bhAgavavA pratyenA. keTalAka kaheze ke atyAre hindusthAnane vairAgyanI jarUra che? tA teone pUrNa AgrahathI ApaNe uttara ApIzuM ke--khezaka vairAgyanI jarUra che. zuM ApaNA dAktarI vakIlA adhyApakA vagere deza5dezaka ane dezasevaka vargamAM vairAgyanI khAmI aneka sArAM mRtyA karavAmAM 83

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zaMkarajayantI ADe AvatI nathI ? zuM gokhale ane parAMjapenI ApaNane jarUra nathI? sukhanI icchAne tyAga-enI kartavya karavAmAM pagale pagale jarUra paDe che. ane e ja vairAgya che. vaLI, A lokanAM sukha sAthe paralokanAM sukha paNa tyajavAne anne upadeza karelo che. kAraNa ke paralokamAM sukha pAmavAnI AzAe A lekanAM sukha tyajavAM e te mAtra vaNikavRtti che. evI AzAe yajJa karanArAomAM nirdayatA svArtha vagere kSudra vRttio kevI pravartatI hatI e buddha bhagavAne sArI rIte joyuM hatuM, ane tethI temaNe svArthavRttinuM bIja je ahaMbhAva (AtmavAda) tene ucca niSedha karyo hato. vairAgya sAthe zama damAdi sAdhanasaMpata paNa joIe. antamAMthI viSayavAsanA cheDI devI (zama); bAhya vRttine dabAvavI (dama); viSaya taraphathI vRttine tadana vALI devI (uparama); duHkha sahana karavo paDe che te AtmabaLathI sahana karavAM (titikSA); veda "taramaNi" "patavAcaka sarva' Adi vAkyamAM je unnata ane udAra bhAvanA pratipAdana karI che te kharI che, ane e bhAvanA jagatamAM pravartAvavA AcAryo je jAta anubhavathI upadeza kare che te havAI nathI paNa anubhavamAM utArI zakAya evuM satya che evI zraddhA rAkhavI; ane vRttimAtranuM parama lakSya je paramAtmA enAmAM citta sthApavuM (samAdhAna)--e cha vAnAM A sAdhanasaMpamAM Ave che. manuSyanA AcAra-vicAranI saghaLI unnati prApta karavAno A mArga che. nitya-anitya vatane viveka karatAM karatAM anitya vastu uparathI vairAgya thAya che, ane e vairAgyamAMthI A cha sAdhanonuM sevana zarU thAya che. paNa e sarvanI pAchaLa adhikAranuM cothuM aMga je mumukSatva te joIe. e mumukSatva te saMsAramAMthI chUTavAnI tIvra vRtti che--e dharma mAtranuM antastatva che. eka mANasanA vALa saLagyA hoya ane te jema jaLAzayamAM paDavA de, tema saMsAranI aniSTatAnuM tIvra bhAna pAmI paramAtmAno sAkSAtkAra karavA talapavuM joIe. AvI vRtti jenAmAM udaya pAmI nathI te brahmajJAnane adhikArI nathI. Ama TUMkAmAM meM Apane zaMkarAcAryane tattvajJAnano siddhAnta, ane e siddhAntane anubhava pAmavA mATe joItI adhikArasAmagrI nirUpaNa karI. have zaMkarAcAryanA upadeza saMbadhe ApaNuM sAmAnya lokamAM keTalIka brAti pravarte che. te viSe thoDuMka kahI mAruM bhASaNa samApta karIza.

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karajayantI * 659 zaMkarAcArya saMbadhe sAmAnya janemAM eka evI mAnyatA che ke emaNe baudanuM ane jenenuM khaMDana karI vaidika varNAzramadharma keTalIka bhrAntio pharI sthApyo. zaMkarAcAryanA grantha joze agara emanA jIvananI hakIkata vAMcaze-te tamane jaNAze ke A mAnyatA kharI nathI. varNAzramadharma ISTa che ke aniSTa e AmAM savAla nathI; tema hindudharmanuM ene Avazyaka aMga mAnavuM ke kema e prazna paNa judo che; tema zaMkarAcArya varNazramadhanA duzmana hatA ema kahevAnuM paNa mAruM tAtparya nathI. mAre Agraha eTale ja che ke zaMkarAcAryanA upadezanuM svarUpa nakkI karavA besavu tyAre hindu dharmanA sAmAnya vicAre ke ApaNuM pitAnA pakSapAte emAM bheLavI devA nahi--paNa yathAsthita je jevuM jaNAya che tevuM svIkAravuM; ane e rIte jotAM tamane jaNAze ke zaMkarAncaryanA jIvanane ane upadezane pradhAna uddeza bauddha ane jainenuM khaMDana karavAnuM na hatuM. paNa hindu dharmane ja antamAMthI sudhAravA pite pravRtta thayA hatA. emane jaNAyuM ke cAlu hindudharma prAcIna aupaniSadadharmanA svarUpamAMthI caLI asaMkhya devatAnI upAsanAmAM gUMthAI gayo hato, ane ene aMge karmakAMDanI jALa paNa emAM puSkaLa patharAI gaI hatI. tethI emaNe sarvatra eka paramAtmA ja upAsya che jenAM ziva viSNu Adi mAtra nAma ja che ema batAvyu, tathA karmakAMDanuM bahu josathI ane AgrahathI khaMDana karyuM. zaMkarAcAryanAM bhASya UghADIne jozo te eka vAta tamArI najara kheMcyA vinA nahi rahe te e ke karmamArganA khaDana mATe emaNe pAnAM ne pAnAM lakhyAM che-ghaNuM grantho te e khaDanathI ja zarU thAya che -ane e karavA mATe emane jevo Agraha dIse che tevo bhAgye ja koI anya siddhAntanA khaDana mATe dekhAya che. za karAcArya jJAnathI ja paramArthasiddhi mAne che, ane te eTale sudhI ke jJAnakarmasamuccayavAda, eTale ke jJAna ane karma ubhaya bhaLIne mekSa prApta karAve che e vAda, je rAmAnujAcAryane grAhya che te zaMkarAcAryane grAhya nathI. e te spaSTa kahe che ke karma ane jJAna aMdhArA ajavALA jeTalAM eka bIjAthI viruddha che. vastu jovI hoya te dI joIe, keDIAmAM aMdhArU bharIne pharIe to tethI vastu na jaDe. keTalAka jo ema mAnatA jaNAya che ke karma vaDe citta zuddha thAya che ane e rIte karma Avazyaka sAdhana che. A bAbata paNa zaMkarAcAryane siddhAnta zekhe che. brahmajJAnanA adhikArImAM nityAnityavastuviveka Adi sAmagrI hoya te basa-e prApta thatAM pUrve e mANase karma karavAM ja cAyanAM bhAvamAM najara e dIva mAnatA jaNAya che. A bAbate viveka Adi

Page #717
}} zaMkarajayantI ' joI e agara teA ka`mImAMsA karavI ja joI e ema kAMI nathI--arthAt adhikArasAmagrI upara ja emanA bhAra che. e pUrve karma che ke nahi e jovAnuM nathI. tame pUchazeA ke sAmAnya manuSyane nityAnityavastuviveka vagere prApta karavA mATe karmInI apekSA nathI? Ane uttara ke badhAM karmInI nathI. jeTalAM ane jevAM ka` e viveka utpanna karavAmAM anukULa thAya teTalAM ja ane tevAM ja karmAM rAkhavAM, khIjAM tyajI devAM. arthAt jo manuSyajIvananuM lakSya brahmajJAna che te te tarapha aharniza prayANa karavuM joie. ane te mATe ka` karavAnI AvazyakatA jaNAya te te karavAM; paNa haMmezAM tapAsatA rahevuM ke A kama mArAmAM vivekAdi guNA UpajAvavAmAM anukULa thAya che ke kema? A rIte tapAsaze! te dhaNAM karyAM, jene zaMkarAcAryanA siddhAntanA nAme AjakAla khacAva karavAmAM Ave che, te nakAmAM jaNAI kharI jaze. zaMkarAcArya sAdhanapacakamAM meM svanuchIyatAm' ema kahe che. paNa e zabdo jarA khArIkIthI samajavA yatna karavAnA che. enA artha-karma karA ema nahi, paNa kama sArI rIte karA. karmAM sArI rIte kA kyAre kahevAya? e vadhu paramAtmAnI pUjA thAya tathA niSkAma rIte e karavAmAM Ave tyAre. mATe zakarAcArya' kahe che ke tenerAsya vidhI caMtAmaciti: jJAnce maticanyatAm ''..arthAta dareka karma karavuM te niSkAma khuddhithI; eTaluM ja nahi paNa e amuka karma karavAthI paramAtmAnuM yajana thAya che ke kema e paNa jotA rahevuM. A e kaseATI tamArAM kAryane hamezAM lagADyAM karazeA--teA dhaNAM karyAM, vRkSa halAvyAthI enAM sUkAM pAMdaDAM kharI paDe che ema, kharI paDaze; ane vRkSanu jIvana vadhAre rasamaya tAjAM ane joradAra thaze. vaLI karma karavAthI ApaNI pApavRtti ochI thatI Ave che ke kema e upara paNa dRSTi rAkhavI. kAraNa ke e karma karavAnA uddeza-pApauvaH payitAma. " e hovA joie. A sanA sAra e ke karmanA ApaNe e varga pADIeH antarga ane ahira'ga----tenA aMtar'ga karma je kAmanAM che, ahira ga nahi. arthAt je karmanA vivekAdi sAthe antanA saMbandha samajAtA heAya te karavAthI ja lAbha cheH jemake brAhmaNanAM nitya karmamAM mukhya brahmayajJa. A karmamAM nitya dharmagranthAnuM avaleAkana karavAne vidhi rahelA che. e avaleAkanathI buddhi UDe che, AtmavastunA mahimA samajAya che, enA sAkSAtkAranAM sAdhana sUjhe che--ema aneka rIte brahmajJAnamAM e upakAraka thAya che. vaLI divase divase karma ochAM karavA taraphaja STi rAkhavI ema zakarAcAryanA siddhAnta che. cAvajhIyamagnidInuM

Page #718
zaMkarajayantI ta' e zaMkarAcAryane siddhAnta nathI. te ja pramANe-ApaNAM - zAsrAnI cAra AzramanI vyavasthA vakhANavAnI ApaNane pUrNa chUTa che, paraMtu jyAre zaMkarAcArya zuM mAne che e prazna hoya tyAre te jevuM dekhAya tevuM ja kahevuM ke zAkamArA gara' eka Azrama pachI bIje Azrama, ema cAre Azrama eka pachI eka svIkAravA e zaMkarAcAryane siddhAnta nathI. "cavadava vis taphahareva tra' "je ghaDIe vairAgya thAya -khare vairAgya thAya te ghaDIe ja saMnyAsa laI gharamAMthI nIkaLI paDavu,' e emane siddhAnta che. varNanI bAbatamAM joIe te e dine ja brahmajJAnanA adhikArI mAne che. paraMtu jema rAmAnujAcAryanA paMthamAM prapattidvArA ane vallabhAcAryanA paMthamAM puSTidhArA sarva varNane paramAtmAnAM dvAra UghaDe che, tema zaMkarAcAryanA jIvanamAM manISApaMcakane prasaMga paNa varNabhedanI pAra jaI paramAtmAnI ekatA anubhavavAne bodha kare che. eka vakhata zaMkara bhagavAna nadIe nhAIne AvatA hatA. rastAmAM DheDha maLyo-ene emaNe kahyuM ke "khasa, khasa.' tyAre heDe uttara dIdhe "annamayAdannamayamathavA caitanyameva caitanyAt / dvijavara durIkartuM vAchasi .i jUfe ati " "=mahArAja ! tame mane khasa khasa kahe che. paNa zuM khaseDe che? e te vicAre tamAre deha paMcamahAbhUtane che te mAre che, ane AtmA rUpe paNa ApaNe baMne eka ja chIe pachI khasavA khaseDavAnuM kyAM rahyuM ?" " viDayaM zvapaDyomiracagi mAna vaDaLe vimejhaH " A brAhmaNa ane A DheDa e keTalI badhI mithyA samajaNu! hindu dharmazAstranA anya pramANathI Apane jaNAya ke varNAzramavyavasthA sArI che, te te ekadama tyajI de ema upadeza 4 karavA huM UbhuM nathI paNa zaMkarAcAryanA siddhAntano vicAra cAlato hoya tyAM te e siddhAntanuM moM kyI dizA tarapha che e joIne jevuM hoya tevuM batAvavuM paDe. bhAgavata kahe che ke cheka prAcIna kALamAM mAtra eka ja varNa hate. ghaNuM kharA pAzcAtya vidvAne "bADaca muddhamAta' Adi veda saMhitAnuM dazamA maMDaLanuM vAkya saMhitAnA uttara kALanuM mAne che, paNa emAM varNavelA cAravarNa vadhAre prAcIna haze ema te lAge che ja. kAraNa ke e varNamAMnA traNa varNane maLatA varNavAcaka zabda chaMda avastAmAM maLe che. paraMtu jyAre e vAkya cAra varNanA bhedanuM pratipAdana karavA mATe TAMkavAmAM Ave tyAre e TAMkanArane eTaluM smaraNa ApavuM paDe ke e vAvALA sUktamAM vidhi nathI paNa mAtra anuvAda che. (vastusthiti jevI

Page #719
zaMkarajayatI jaNAI tevI mAtra neMdhI che) ane vidhi te tyAM e bheda TALI puruSamAM ekatA anubhavavAne che. A mArI kalakalpita kalpanA ja nathI. je sUktamAM e vAkya che e sUktanuM ja svarUpa vicAre. hajAre hAtha ane hajAre paga, hajAre mAthAM ane hajAro Akha ApaNe joIe chIe-cAra varSe paNa ApaNe joIe chIe--emAM kAMI kahevAnuM nathI. paNa e sarva eka puruSanAM ja aMge che e keTalA thaDA jANe che? ane tethI e ja jaNAvavAnuM anadhigatArthanamaka' kRtinuM tAtparya che. ApaNAM hamezanAM karmomAM paNa zAstrakAroe vRttinI udAratA UpajavA mATe goThavaNa rAkhI che. "zya namaH avtio mA" e yajurvedanA vAkyamAM zvAna ane DheDamAM jevI paramAtmabuddhi upadezI che tevI paramAtmA-buddhi rAkhIne, vaizvadeva karmamAM zvAna ane pAcane nitya annadAna karavAmAM Ave, te tiraskAravRtti dhIme dhIme vilaya pAmI emAM paramAtmA-buddhi Upaje. paNa hAla keTalA thoDA ja samajIne karma kare che. hAla keTalA thoDA ja nityAnityavahuviveka vagere sAthe potAnAM karmo sAMkaLe che! eka bIjI dilagIrInI vAta e che ke zaMkarAcAryanA siddhAnta sAthe zivapUjana bhamaraddhAkSadhAraNa vagere vastuo evI joDAI gaI che-ke zaMkarAcArya te zaiva saMpradAyanA AcArya ema manAI beThuM che. A bhUla kAMIka emanA nAma uparathI thAya cheH zaMkarAcArya te pote zakarane avatAra che, paNa emaNe potAnI pUjAno upadeza karyo nathI--emaNe te zaMkara viSNu Adi nAmathI oLakhAtA brahmAnA jJAnane upadeza karyo che. e devone judA judA mAnI je vividha paLe utpanna thayA hatA-mAhezvarAdika-te sarvanuM emaNe khaMDana karyuM che. A bhUlanuM eka bIjuM hoTuM kAraNa e che ke tAmila dezamAM ziva ane viSNu bhaktinA upadeze jude jude vakhate thayA che. temAM vAstavika jJAnane abhAve te te devanA anuyAyIo vacce pracaMDa yuddho thayAM che. ane e sarvane pariNAme hajAre loka-parasparanA vizvanA -parANamAM dAkhala thaI gayA che. purANanI lokasaMkhyA je jUnA granthomAM ApavAmAM AvI che tenI, ane hAla upalabdha thatAM purANenI lokasaMkhyA vacce je bahu phera jovAmAM Ave che, tenuM kAraNuM-jema jema navAM navAM tIrtho baMdhAtAM gayAM tema tema enAM mAhAmya racavAM paDyAM ane te purANamAM umerAyAM e eka che, tema bIjuM kAraNa A vividha devatAnA anuyAyIene pitAnA mata mATe Agraha ane hAmAnA mata mATe TheSa e paNa * "araSiAtArthanag vmAna."

Page #720
- zaMkarajayantI che. viSNunuM mAhAmya che, vedasaMhitAnA samayanuM che. paNa lAMbA vakhata sudhI enI bhakti manda paDI javAthI, e jyAre pharI UbhI thaI tyAre, ItihAsanA jJAnane abhAve, jUnA zaiva saMpradAyIone navI lAgI-- ane tethI emaNe pitAnA saMpradAyane "mArta-smRtine anusaranAre - bhA, ane hAmA pakSane pAkhaMDI kahyo te ja pramANe vaiSNae paNa veda yajurveda bhUlI jaI zivasaMpradAyavALAone bhUta-pizAcanA upAsake gaNyA ! A sarva tAmila dezanI laDhAI, ane te paNa jUnA vakhatanI, te vartamAna samayamAM ApaNuM dezamAM ApaNe zA mATe heravI joIe? zaMkarAcAryanI gAdIe besanAranuM kartavya A bemAMthI eke paMtha sAthe na joDAtAM- zuddha zAMkarasidhdhAnta jenI rUparekhA meM ApanA AgaLa derI batAvI-te jagatamAM pracalita karavAnuM che. huM zaMkarAcAryanuM khAsa nAma lauM chuM tenuM kAraNa e che ke A viSayamAM sarva AcAryo paikI Adya zaMkarAcArya je udAra siddhAnta pratipAdana karyo che te bIjA keI AcArya karyo nathI, ane tethI emanI gAdIe besanAra mAthe anya AcAryo karatAM A bAbatamAM adhika kartavya rahe che. * atyAre ApaNA sarva AcAryonuM kartavya che ke emaNe parasparanA kalaha choDI daI ekaThA maLI AvA saghaLA eka bIjAnI vartamAna AcAryonuM nindAnA bhAge purANemAMthI dUra karavA. janasamAjanA kartavya amuka bhAge te amAre ja saMpradAya pALa joIe e Agraha paNa teone nirAdhAra che, ane te paNa emaNe ekatra maLI cheDI devo joIe. A vividha saMpradAyo barAbara rIte calAvavAmAM Ave to te aniSTa nathI. ApaNA dharmanI e khAsa khUbI che ke A saMpradAye kAMI ja kAraNathI laDhAI utpanna thaIne paDayA nathI-paNa enI pAchaLa dharma ane tattvajJAnanA UMDA matabheda rahelA hoya che. koInuM mAnasika baMdhAraNa evuM hoya ke tene bhakti ja bahu game-tene adhikAra zaMkarAcArya karatAM vallabhAcAryanA saMpradAya mATe che. keIkanuM mAnasika * A ane A pachIne AcAryone lagate bhAga kALasaMkecane lIdhe bhASaNa vakhate aspaSTa rahI gayele te atre spaSTa karyo che. ka ulaTuM pitAnA mAnasika baMdhAraNamAM bhaktine Aveza bahu dekhAya to te dabAvavA mATe zakarAcAryanA jJAnanuM sevana karavuM joIe. ema A pratipAdana upara eka AkSepa karavAmAM Avyo che. paNa saMpUrNa satyano A

Page #721
' 4 zakarajayantI baMdhAraNu jJAna mAge--tene zAMkarasiddhAnta vadhAre anukULa paDe. mATe dareka mANase pAtapeAtAnuM mAnasika baMdhAraNa tapAsI te pramANe saMpradAya pasaMda karavA joI e. ane tema karavAnI AcAryoM taraphathI chUTa maLavI joI e eTaluM ja nahi paNa teee A ja kharI adhikAravyavasthA che ema samajAvI potapotAnA ziSyAne khare mArge dAravA joIe. eka phijhizyana ( auSadhavaidya )ne dardInuM darda tapAsatAM ema lAge che ke A kaisa sarjana ( zastravaidya ) ne lAyaka che te tene ekadama peAtAnA hAthamAMthI cheDI sarjanane teNe svAdhIna karavA joie.--theADAka varSe upara thaelA ApaNA mahuma zahenazAha eDavarDanA zastraprayAga yAda lAve!--ane mane mArA adhyApanamAM ema jaNAya ke A vidyAthA sAhitya ke tattvajJAnanA viSaya karatAM gaNitazAstrane mATe vizeSa lAyaka che te zuM mArI pharaja nathI ke ene mAre mArA viSayamAMthI kADhI gaNitazAstranA prephesarane soMpavA joI e ? AvI vRtti jyAre ApaNA AcAryomAM Avaze tyAre ja te ApaNane AcArya tarIke kharA upayegI thaze. AcAryoe amArA siddhAnta jUnA ane tamArA nave, amArA vedekata ane tamArA vedabAhya--ityAdi AgrahI paNa cheDI devA joI e. rAmAnujAcArya ane vallabhAcArya za`karAcArya pachI thayA e kharUM--paNa tethI kAMI ema kahevAze ke emanA siddhAnta zaMkarAcArye pahelAM jANItA na hatA ? rAmAnujAcArya kahe che ke huM kheASAyana--vRtti' ne anusarIne mArUM vedAntasUtrabhASya lakhuM chuM. e vRtti atyAre jaDatI nathI ane kadAca kAI karAgrahI zAMkaravedAntI enA astitva viSe zaMkA paNa le. paNa rAmAnujAcAryanA siddhAnta je 'bhAgavatamata' e nAme oLakhAya che tenuM prAcIna astitva i. sa. pUrve aseM traNaseM varSa uparanA zilAlekhanA . pUrAvAthI siddha che. e zilAlekha saMkarSaNu ane vAsudevanI upAsanAnI sAkhya pUre che--eTale have kAIthI ema kahI zakAya ema nathI ke bhakti saMpradAya navA che. mahAbhAratamAM Ane lagatuM prakaraNa che tene khristI pAdarIe khristI dharmanI asarathI utpanna thaeluM kahetA, para`tu tema have kahI zakAya ema nathI. te ja pramANe vallabhAcAryanA jIvAtmA paramAtmAnA azAMzibhAvanA ke " zrI : zaraNaM mama" nA siddhAnta upaniSadamAM tathA bhagavadgItA vagere bIjA prAcIna granthAmAM kyAM nathI maLatA ? uttarArdha mArA lakSa bahAra gaye! nathI; jIvA nIce [ pR. 665 ] ne peregrAph-- mATe sau AcAryoe.........pariNAma che. '

Page #722
' zakarajayantI 5 mATe sA AcArcIe paraspara samabhAva rAkhavA joie. eTaluM ja nahiM paNa pAtapeAtAnA saMpradAyane anya saMpradAyanI madadathI sudhAravA joie. vartamAna zaMkarAcArthIe jovuM joI e ke jo smArta kahevAtA peAtAnA anuyAyIomAM AcAravicAranI sAdAI ane TharelapaNuM che, teA navA vaiSNava paMcAmAM dhArmikatAnA utsAha ane bhakitarasanuM mAva vadhAre jovAmAM Ave che. vallabhAcAryoe paNa dhyAnamAM rAkhavuM joie ke mULa AcAryanA * sevA ' ane ' sainya 'nA siddhAntamAM keTaleAka dhArmika kacarA bharAI gayA che--e bhakti jJAnarahita khanI javAnuM pariNAma che. ? sagRhasthA !----svAmI vivekAnandanuM vacana mane atyAre yAda Ave che, e kahe che ke hiMdudharmanA parasparanA kalaho baMdha karavA hAya teA laDhAI ahAra laI jAo----paradezamAM hindu dharmanA jha MDA laI jAe--ema karavAnI sAthe ja ApaNAmAM ekatA Avaze. UMDA manuSyabhAvanA jJAnapUrvaka A salAha apAelI che. emAMthI prakRta prasaMge huM je sAra kheMcavA mAgu chuM te e ke e laDhAI laDhavA paradeza javAnI paNa jarUra nathI--e laDhAI ApaNe AMgaNe AvI che. hiMdusthAnamAM navI keLavaNIne pariNAme pAzcAtya dezanI vartamAna jamAnAnI aihika vRtti ApaNAM bALakAne ane yuvAneAne dharmavimukha manAve che. atyAre dezamAM e nAstikatAnA hallA AvyeA che, te sau AcAryonI pharaja che ke ekaThA maLI teoe hindu dharmanuM saMrakSaNa karavuM, khristI dharmamAM jatA aTakAvavA AryasamAja yatna kare che, paNa khristI dharma karatAM hajAragaNA kharAba dharma nAstikatAnA che--e tarapha kAI jotuM nathI. nAstikatAmAMthI bacAvavA mATe e upara kAI tarehanA AkSepa karyuM basa thAya tema nathI. enI sAme jyAre antamAM zudgha hindu dharma khIlavazA, tyAre ja e nAstikatA prasaratI aTakaze. ane te khIlavavA mATe eka AcAryane prayatna khasa thaze nahi. hindu dharma jJAna bhakti ane karma traNe aMgeAnA banelA che--ane e sarvane khIlavanAra AcAryaMnI jarUra che. [ vasanta, jyeSTa 1969 ] 84 .

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jana ane brAhmaNa jaina ane brAhmaNa banduo-pramukhapada mATe bahu vinayabharI bhASAmAM mArI agyatAnuM kathana karI ADakatarI rIte mArI gyatA sUcavavAnI mArI icchA nathI. A pada mATe huM spaSTa rIte mArI cegyatA svIkAruM chuM, paNa te eTalA pUratI ke je AtmAnI jayantIne utsava karavA Aja ApaNe anne maLyA chIe e AtmAmAM dharma paratve je prakAranI abhedabhAvanA hatI te ja prakAranI abhedabhAvanA yathAzakti meM hArA hRdayamAM keLavI che ane te mArA AcAramAM utAravA anate prayatna karyo che. jeo jaina brAhmaNa bauddha khristI musalamAna pArasI Adi bhedane ekAkAra karavAno prayatna kare che temAM huM nathI. jaina ane brAhmaNa e bheda kevaLa nirarthaka ane niSkAraNa heya ema mAnatA nathI. je judA judA dharmanuM pRthakRtva samajI pratyeka dharmanI viziSTatA lakSamAM laI amuka amuka daSTibinduthI vividha dharmanI ekatA sAdhavAmAM Ave te ja te ekatA yathArtha thAya; bAkI, dharmanAM mAtra bekhAM rAkhIne, enA AtmAne uDAvI daIne, ene ekasarakhA karavA prayatna karavo e vRthA che. Ama mAruM dhAravuM che ane mArI samaja pramANe zrImad rAyacandrajInuM paNa ema ja dhAravuM hatuM. zrImadda rAyacaMdra vedAMta tarapha vaLelA hatA ema temanA patro vAMcavAthI keIne paNa lAge che. paNa jaina dharmane temaNe vadhAre mahattva ApyuM che. bane darzanenI sarakhAmaNuM karavAmAM temane paNa amuka amuka muzkelIo jaNAI hatI. je vAta sAmAnya janane bahu sAdI lAgatI hoya che te ja vAta vicAravantane bahu kaThina jaNAya che. rAyacandrajI pote potAnI pratibhA vaDe pitAnI muzkelI joI zakyA hatA. e muzkelIone muzkelIrUpe svIkAryo chatAM paNa pitAnA dharmamAM sthira rahI anya dharmanAM kharAM ta emaNe joyAM che. eka brAhmaNa jainanA maMDaLamAM ane eka jaina brAhmANanA maMDaLamAM bhAga le te bhAratavarSanuM suMdara bhaviSya sAdhavA mATe bahu Avazyaka che. AthI huM pramukhasthAna levAne lalacAyo chuM, ane huM AzA rAkhuM chuM ke jaina brAhmaNa vageremAM A pramANe paraspara udAra ane mIThe vyavahAra baMdhAI abdha batAgraho dUra thaze. zrImad rAyacandra jayantI prasaMge vaDhavANamAM pramukhapadethI ApeluM bhASaNa.

Page #724
jaina ane brAhmaNa meM brAhmaNa ane jaina ema be judA dharmo heya evA zabdo vAparyA tethI UpajatI brAtie prathama dUra karavI joIe. ApaNuM vastIpatrakamAM hindu, bauddha, zIkha ane jaina evA bheda pADavAmAM Ave che. paNa te bhede avAstavika che. sarva eka ja dharmanI zAkhAo che. zAkhA kahetAM paNa mane saMkoca thAya che, kAraNa ke zAkhA zAkhA eka bIjAthI bhinna hoya che. ApaNuM dharmamAM tevuM paNa nathI. huM eka dAkhalAthI A vAta vadhAre spaSTa karIza. gharamAM vasate manuSya gharanA judA judA khaMDamAM hare phare vA Rtu anusAra ghera ke baMgale eka ke bIje gAma rahe, paNa tethI te judA judA thatuM nathI, e manuSyanI ekatAne bAdha AvatuM nathI, tevI ja rIte dharmanA bhedamAM bAhya daSTie game teTale bheda jaNAya te paNa tenI aMdara je sanAtana dharmanuM satya raheluM che te eka ja che. A sanAtana satya kayuM ? vairAgya, bhUtadayA ityAdi. A sarva satye sanAtana che, ane te jaina, bauddha ane veda dharma e traNe dharmamAM ekanAM eka che. e dharma vastutaH judA nahetA ane judA che paNa nahi. A samajavA mATe jarA aitihAsika daSTi dhAraNa karavAnI jarUra che. ApaNe gagAnA kinArA upara UbhA hoIe ane keI eka bhekhaDamAMthI gaMgAno pravAha vahetuM hoya to ApaNe eTaluM kahI zakIe ke gaMgAno pravAha vahe che paNa te kyAMthI Ave che te kahI zakIe nahi; vaLI gaMgAne pravAha dUra paryata vahetuM hoya te uparathI ApaNe kahI zakIe ke gaMgAno pravAha samudramAM bhaLI jAya che, jo ke ApaNe te pratyakSa joI zakatA nathI. te ja pramANe ApaNuM dharmanI paNa sthiti che. ApaNuM dharmane uddabhavakALa ApaNe nakakI karI zakatA nathI. paNa A dharma bahu jUno che, eTaluM ja kahI zakIe chIe ane hajAro varSa thavA chatAM enA to hajI abAdhita satyarUpe virAjamAna che tethI ene ApaNe sanAtana dharma kahIe chIe. paNa smaraNamAM rAkhavuM ke purAtanatA e ja mahattA nathI. grIsa, misara, bAbilana vagere sthaLanA dharmo paNa purAtana thaI gayA che. paNa emanI purAtanatA Aje kAMI kAmanI rahI nathI. paraMtu ApaNe bhavya dharma te samartha puruSonA pratApe hajI paNa TakI rahyo che. ane e ja sanAtana dharmanI zAkhA jaina brAhmaNa vagere vizeSa nAmathI oLakhAya che. ApaNe atyAre saMpathI rahevAnuM che, teTalA mATe ja dharmonA bhadapabhadAne AgaLa lAvI kSeza karavA e ApaNA hitane hAni karavA samAna che, eTaluM kahevuM basa nathI; jainee brAhmaNanI sAthe, brAhmaNae jainenI sAthe maLavuM e saMpa ke deza khAtara ja nahi,

Page #725
668 jaina ane brAhmaNa paNa aitihAsika satya khAtara che. A bhAratavarSanA dhArmika itihAsanuM satya ja e che, ema kahuM te paNa ayegya nathI. ApaNA itihAsamAM jaina tema ja brAhmaNa dharmanA pAchalA kALamAM jaina ane brAhmaNa lekhakeAe eka khIjAnA dharmanAM khaMDanA karavAnA prayatnA karyAM hatA. paNa krAIthI sanAtana tattvanuM khaMDana thaI zakyuM nathI e jovA jevuM che. ApaNe aitihAsika dRSTie joI e te vaidya sau granthAmAM purAtana che. paNa vedadharmanI zarUAta vegranthathI ja nathI. e vedamAM jovAthI jaNAya che ke veda pahelAM paNa ApaNA sanAtana dharma pravartatA hatA. jaina graMthA paNa e ja satyanI sAkSI pUre che. vedadharma e brAhmaNeAe ja UpajAvela dharma nathI. venA samayamAM paNa jainanuM ahiMsAtattva te| hatuM ja. RgvedasaMhitAnA abhyAsIo joI zakaze ke deva vagerene je padArtho arpavAmAM AvatA te vizeSa bhAge dUdha ane ghI vagerenA ja ApavAmAM AvatA. veyugamAM paNa pazuhiMsA sArvatrika nahAtI. jo ke te vakhate hiMsA thatI ja naheAtI ema hu kahetA nathI, ane jaina bhAI e ema mAnatA hoya ke eka samaya evA hatA ke dharmane aMge kAI paNa sthaLe hisA thatI ja nahAtI ane te pahelavahelI vedadharmIoe ja dAkhala karI teA te aitihAsika satya nathI. hAla jema sattva, rajo ane tameguNI puruSA che tema te samaye paNa hatA ane tethI te peAtAnI prakRti pramANe peAtAnA dharmo pALatA hatA ema itihAsathI jaNAya che. aitareya brAhmaNamAM kahevAmAM AvyuM che ke sauthI prathama puruSamedha hatA, tyArabAda azvamedha thavA lAgyA, azvamAMthI ajA ane ajAmAMthI paNa chevaTe DAMgaramAM yajJanI samApti manAvA lAgI. AvI rIte dharmAM zuddha thatA gayA. mahAvIra svAmInA samayamAM paNa evI ja sthiti hatI, ema uttarAdhyayana sUtramAM AvelA vijayadheASa ane jayaAASanA saMvAda uparathI jaNAI Ave che. e saMvAdamAM prAcIna brAhmaNatvanuM smaraNa karI kharA brAhmaNa kAne kahevA e spaSTa karyuM che, yajJanuM yathArtha svarUpa batAvyu che. vedanuM kharUM jAyarUpaM jahA miTTha niddhantamalapAvagaM / rAgadosabhayAIyaM taM vayaM vUma mAhaNaM // + =agnimAM jene mela dhamI nAMkhyA che evuM ane epeluM je sAnuM enA jevA je che ( mela ane pApa jenAM naSTa thaI gayAM che ) tathA je rAgadveSa ane bhayarahita che tene ame 'brAhmaNa' kahIe chIe.

Page #726
jaina ane brAhmaNa kartavya agnihotra che, agnihotranuM tatva AtmabalidAna che ema pratipAdana karyuM che. A tatvane kAzyapa dharma eTale ke RSabhadevane dharma kahevAmAM Ave che. brAhmaNanAM lakSaNomAM paNa ahiMsAdharma gaNAvyo che. bauddha dharmanA graMthAmAM paNa brAhmaNanAM evAM ja lakSaNe ApyAM che. brAhmaNanA jIvanamAM je khAmIo pravezI hatI te dharmanI mULa bhAvanA bagaDIne thaelI hatI, ane jainoe te khAmIo sudhAravA prayatna karyo hato. jenoe tase pANe biyANettA saMgaheNa ya thAvare / / jo na hiMsA tiviheNaM taM vayaM vUma mAhaNaM // je trasa (cara) tathA sthAvara (pRthvI, jaLa, agni, vAyu, vanaspati) prANuone sArI rIte (saMkSepa tathA vizeSa karIne) jANe che-ane traNa prakAre (mana vacana ane kAyAe karIne) emanI hiMsA karatA nathI tene ame "brAhmaNa kahIe chIe. kohA vA jai vA hAsA lohA vA jai vA bhayA / musaM na vayaI jo u taM vaya bUma mAhaNaM // =je krodha, hAsya (mazkarI) lobha ke bhaya thakI paNa kadI jUThuM bolato nathI tene ame "brAhmaNe kahIe chIe. cittamantamacittaM vA appaM vA jai vA bahuM / na giNhai adattaM jo taM vayaM bUma mAhaNaM // =jIvatI ke jaDa, alpa ke bahu, koI vastu, vagara ApI je leto nathI tene ame "brAhmaNa" kahIe chIe. jahA pomaM jale jAyaM novalippai vAriNA / evaM alitta kAmehiM taM vayaM bUma mAhaNaM / =jema jaLamAM Ugelu kamaLa jaLa thakI bhIMjAtuM nathI, tema kAma (saMsAranA sukha mATe IcchAtA padArtho) vaDe je lekhAtA nathI tene ame brAhmaNa' kahIe chIe. navi muNDieNa samaNo oMkAreNa na vmbhnno| na muNI raNNavAseNaM kusacIreNa tAvaso // samayAe samaNo hoi bambhacereNa bambhaNo / nANeNa ya muNI hoi taveNaM hoi tAvaso / 1. je bhayathI trAsIne khasI zake che-hAlatAM cAlatAM. 2. tema ja karavuM, karAvavuM, ane anumodana ApavuM.

Page #727
670 jaina ane brAhmaNa " brAhmaNAnI khAmI sudhAravAmAM peAtAnI krUraja ja khajAvI che. jo janAe e khAmI sudhAravAnuM kArya hAthamAM na lIdhuM hAta tA brAhmaNAne peAtAne te kAma hAtha dharavuM paDyu hAta, ane vastutaH emaNe pAte paNa svatantra rIte e hAtha dharyuM hatuM ema itihAsa uparathI jaNAya che. Ama che te pAtApaNAnA bhAvathI e khAmI sudhAravA yatna karanArane pratipakSI kema kahevAya ? mahAvIra svAmI haMmezAM junA dhane--sanAtana satyane ja anusaryAM che. ahiMsA, satya, asteya vagere sanAtana satyeA kahevAya che te mahAvIrane, yuddhane ane vedane paNa mAnya hatAM. A pramANe sarvatra ekatA ja jAya che. prAcIna graMthA e vAtanI prakaTa sAkSI ApI rahyA che ke e kALe bhedabhAva naheAtA. jana' ane 'brAhmaNa' zabdanI vyAkhyA paNa bahu jANavA jevI che. jaina 'nA artha vRttine jItanAra evA, ane brAhmaNanA kharA artha ( vRd--vizALa thavuM, vadhavuM e dhAtu uparathI )paramAtmAnI vizALatAne sarvatra anubhavanAra thAya che. paramAtmAnI sarvavyApakatA ane vizALatA jeNe anubhavavI heAya teNe vRttione jaya karI sauthI prathama 'jina' banavuM ja joie; jina thayA vinA brAhmaNa thavAtuM nathI ane jina thAya tenAthI brAhmaNa thayA vinA rahevAtu nathI. =mastaka muMDAvye kAI mANasa zramaNa thatA nathI; ekAra uccArye brAhmaNa thatA nathI; araNyamAM vasavAthI muni thatA nathI, ane kuzacIra ( valkala) thakI tApasa thatA nathI, samatAOM thakI * zramaNa ' thAya che; brahmacarya thakI * * " brAhmaNa ' thAya che; jJAne karI * muni '4 thAya che; ane tape karI " tApasa' thAya che. kammuNA bambhaNo hoi kammuNA hoi khattio / isso kammuNA hoi suddo havai kammuNA // ==maiM karI mANasa brAhmaNa thAya che; karme karI kSatriya thAya che; karme karI vaizya thAya che; ane karme karI zUdra thAya che. evaM guNasamAuttA ne bhavanti diuttamA / te samatthA u uddhattuM paramappANameva ya // je dvijottamA ( uttama brAhmaNeA ), upara kahelA guNa thakI yukta che, te peAtAnA ane pArakAnA ulhAra karavA samartha che. 3. zramaLanuM prAkRtamAM samaLo thAya che tethI 'samatA' zabda sUjhayo che. 4. mana--manana karavuM, manana karIne jANavuM e uparathI.

Page #728
jaina ane brAhmaNa 671 vastutaH vRttine jaya ane AtmAnI vizALatA e eka ja sthitinAM be nAma che. AvI rIte ApaNe pratyeka aitihAsika satya oLakhavuM ane te mATe prAcIna graMthe jevA e ja kartavya che. ane e jotAM brAhmaNa ane jaina dharma eka ja aitihAsika sanAtana dharmanAM rUpa che e spaSTa jaNAya che. mahAvIra svAmI I. sa. pUrve 600nA arasAmAM thayA. kRNa temanI pahelAM keTale varSa thayA e praznane ApaNe javA daIzuM. paNa gItA enA hAlanA rUpamAM te mahAvIranA samayamAM ane buddhanA samayamAM-eTale ke e arasAmAM-lakhAelI che. have gItAne upadeza, mahAvIra svAmIne upadeza, ane gautama buddhane upadeza e pradhAnapaNe dharmanA zA zA praznonA uttara Ape che e joIe. gItA pratye hiMdu mAtrane je zraddhA che tenuM kAraNa e ja che ke temAM eka mahAna praznanuM bahu suMdara rIte nirAkaraNa karavAmAM AvyuM che. gItAne eka mahAna prazna A che -"jJAna, karma ane bhaktine samanvaya zI rIte kare?" A praznanA svarUpa uparathI eTaluM te khulluM jaNAI Ave che ke gItAnA samaya pahelAM aneka matamatAMtare utpanna thayA hatA. jJAna, karma ane bhakti e traNa bhAvanAo eka ja AtmAnI che. AtmA e kevaLa lAgaNarUpa nathI, jJAnarUpa nathI, tema ja icchArUpa ke prayatnarUpa nathI. e traNenI samagratA akhaMDatA e ja AtmA; eTalA mATe AtmAno uddhAra samagra AtmAthI ja thavo joIe ema gItA kahe che. A jJAna karma ane bhaktinAM to brAhmaNa ane bauddha sarvane samAna mAnya che. gautama buddhane mahAna prazna e lAgyo ke svArthavRttine lIdhe dharmamAM dUSaNa Ave che, e dUSaNa dUra kema karavuM temane vicAra karatAM jaNAyuM ke AtmavAda e ja sarva durAcAranuM mULa che; tethI gautame AtmAnuM khaMDana karyuM che; gautamane ema ja lAgyuM ke svarga ane devalokanI prApti arthe leke aneka prakAranI hisAo ane agya pravRttio Adare che, paNa je tenA mULa rUpa AtmA ja laI levAmAM Ave to e hiMsA ane durAcAra pitAnI meLe ja dUra thaI jAya. eTalA ja mATe temaNe AtmAnuM khaMDana karyuM; ane vairAgya UpajAvavA mATe kSaNikavAdanuM pratipAdana karyuM. vaLI gautamabuddhane eka bIjo mahAna upadeza "madhyama pratipadAne hato. "madhyama pratipadA' eTale vacalo mArga. gautama eka rAjakumAra hatA. rAjakumArane pade rahevAthI temane zAMta thaI nahi, tema ja kaThera tapazcaryA karavAthI paNa

Page #729
'672 jaina ane brAhmaNa temane zAMti maLI nahi. zAMti ane kalyANa madhyama mArgamAM ja rahelAM che evI temane khAtrI thaI ane tethI temaNe tapa ane kAmaga vaccene madhyama mArga upade. vaLI buddhadeve vairAgya ANavA mATe kSaNabhaMgavAda prarUyo. Ama karavAne temane uddeza lokonI mohAMdhatA dUra karavAnuM hatuM. vizvamAM, sukha duHkha harSa zeka vagere kSaNabhaMgura che e vAta sahu koIne mAnya che. paNa e kSaNikavAdane dharmanA pradezamAMthI kheMcI bhAtikazAstramAM laI javAmAM AvyuM, ane ghaTapaTa vagere padArtho kSaNa mAtra paNa ekanA eka rahetA nathI ema sthApavA mATe dalIlo racavAmAM AvI. paNa ApaNe to e siddhAntane enA mULarUpamAM eTale dharmanA siddhAnta tarIke ja samajavAne che. mahAvIra svAmIe vairAgya uparAMta tapane vizeSa mahatva ApyuM. prophesara jemsa nAmane amerikAno eka bahu vidvAna tattvazAstrI tapanI mahattAnuM varNana karatAM eka sthaLe lakhe che ke -"vairAgyanI bhAvanA ane dehadamanathI bhale jJAna ke kalyANa prApta na thatuM hoya te paNa damananI khAtara paNa te upayogI che. dAkhalA tarIke vImA kaMpanImAM je thoDuM thoDuM nANuM bharyA kare te chevaTe te nANuM upayogI thayA vagara rahe nahi, tevI ja rIte *" As a final practical maxim, relative to these habits of the will, we may, then, offer something like this : Keep the faculty of effort alive in you by a little gratuitous exercise everyday. That is, be systemetically ascetic or heroic in little unnecessary points; do every day or two something for no other reason than that you would rather not do it: so that, when the hour of dire need draws nigh, it may find you not unnerved and untrained to stand the test. Asceticism of this sort is like the insurance which a man pays on his house and goods at the time, and possibly may never bring him a return. But, if the fire does come, his having paid it will be his salvation from ruin. So with the man who has daily inured himself to habits of concentrated attention, energetic volition, and self-denial in unnecessary things. He will stand like a tower when everything rocks round him and when his softer fellow mortals are winnowed like chaff in the blast. " --Prof. W James' Principles of Psychology Vol. I 126.

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jaina ane brAhmaNa 673 dehadamana arthe thatI tapazcaryAo paNa AtmAmAM evuM baLa UpajAve che ke kramekrame e AtmA jinapada pAmavAne yogya thayA vinA na rahe. A uparAMta mahAvIrasvAmIne eka heTa siddhAMta syAdavAdane che. jo ke e siddhAMta mahAvIrasvAmInA pitAnA vakhatamAM haze ke nahi, e viSe zaMkA levAya te Azcarya nahi. mane pitAne te bauddha grantha uparathI lAge che ke e siddhAMtanAM mULatatva bahu jUnAM che. syAdavAdane siddhAMta bahu siddhAMto avalokIne enA samanvaya mATe prakaTa thaelo che, anizcayathI udbhavelo nathI; e ekIkaraNanuM dRSTibiMdu ApaNu AgaLa raju kare che, anizcayane pramANapatra ApatuM nathI. zaMkarAcArya syAdavAda upara AkSepa karyo che te mULa rahasyane lAgatuM nathI, je ke zrI zaMkarAcAryanA samayamAM e syAvAda je rUpamAM samajAvavAmAM AvatA hate te rUpamAM e AkSepa khare hato ema te huM dhAruM chuM. eTaluM cakkasa che ke vividha dRSTibiMduthI nirakhyA sivAya eka samagra vastunuM svarUpa samajAtuM nathI. ane eTalA mATe syAdavAda upayogI tathA sArthaka che. te mATe, sAmAnya brAhmaNa dharmanI praNAlikAmAM cAlI mahAvIra svAmInA siddhAtamAM saMzayavAda vA anizcayavAda hoya ema huM mAnato nathI; syAdavAda e saMzayavAda nathI syAdavAda eka mahAna daSTibiMdu ApaNane pUruM pADe che. vizvane kevI rIte jovuM e ApaNane jotAM zIkhave che. jaina dharmamAM eka trIjI khUbI mane lAgI che te e ke emAM gRhastha dharma ane sAdhudharma evA be bheda pADelA che temAM sAdhuone "mahAvrata pALavAnAM ane gRhasthAne "aNuvrata pALavAnAM kahyAM che, paNa baMnene ekabIjAnI sAthe saLaMga rAkhelA che. arthAta gRhasthoe ema mAnI levAnuM nathI ke amane amuka pApakarmo karavAnI gRhasthadharma chUTa Ape che. gRhasthadharma gRha ne ema kahe che ke tame amuka prakAranI anivArya hiMsAthI vizeSa hisA karaze nahi; tame saheja ahiMsAdharma pALazo kivA saheja sadAcAra pALaze te paNa te thoDuM karyuM ghaNuM mAnI levAmAM Avaze. matalaba ke aNuvratanuM pAlana karatAM zrAvake e vAta to bIlakula bhUlI javI joItI nathI ke teNe mahAvatanI samIpamAM pahoMcavAnuM che. vepAramAM je ke keTaleka prasaMge mRSAvAda bolyA vinA na ja cAle ema mAnI levAmAM Ave che, keTalAka dhaMdhAmAM e deze svAbhAvikapaNe ja rahelA hoya che, te paNa je dhaMdhAdArIo dhAre te e dhaMdhAmAM paNa pitAnuM ujajavaLa cAritrya khIlavI zake, ApaNe manamAM laIe te dhaMdhAnA svAbhAvika cheSo paNa dUra karI zakIe. 85

Page #731
jaina ane brAhmaNa pramukhanuM bhASaNa ahIM purUM thayA bAda anya vaktAoe vivecana kayAM hatAM te pachI upasaMhAra karatAM preA. AnaMdazaMkare jaNAvyuM ke, "marhuma rAyacaMdranuM jIvana eka yathArtha mahAtmAnuM jIvana hatuM, temanA jIvanamAMthI ApaNe ghaNuM zIkhavAnuM che. AjakAla bhaNelAomAM evI rIta cAlI che ke dhaNA granthI ApaNe vAMcyA ja karavAH khuba vAMcavuM, khukha lakhavuM, ane mukha chapAvavuM e ja vidyAnA parama puruSArtha manAya che. paNa huM tene ThIka mAnatA nathI. pUrvakALe mAtra eka e graMthanA vAMcana ane mananathI je kuLa maLatuM te Aje seMkaDA ane hajArA granthanA vAMcanathI maLatuM nathI. vividha mahAtmAnA graMthAmAM vividha prakAranA AdarzI ApaNe pratyakSa karIe chIe e bahu vAMcananA lAbha che, paNa e AdarzonI chApa ApaNA aMtaHkaraNa upara sthAyIrUpe rahI zake nahi e svAbhAvika che ane te vartamAna samayanI vAMcanapaddhatinI khAmI che. dareka graMthanI amuka eka bAju hAya che. AvI aneka khAjuonuM pratimima ApaNe ApaNA jIvanamAM pADI zakIe e asaMbhavita che. aMgreja vidvAnA bahu pustaka vAMcatAM chatAM temAMnA dhaNAne eka cAkkasa graMthakAra ke mahAtmA pratye khAsa hRdayabhAva hAya che. tee peAtAnA AkhA jIvana daramyAna e eka ja Adarzane kuLavavA mathe che. AthI te NuM sAdhI zake che. ApaNe e rIte ja karavuM joIe. ane Ama na khanI zake te eka ja mahAtmAnA graMthane dRSTi sanmukha rAkhI tenuM manana ane nididhyAsana karavAnA prayatna karavA joie. huM je huM kAI khAsa prakArane matAgraha dharAvatA nathI, te paNa madhukaranI mAphaka bAgamAM bhaTakyA ja karavuM e dharmanA viSayamAM uttama ja vRtti che ema huM dhAratA nathI. ekAda mahAtmAnA avalakha ahu lAbhakArI che. ane e rIte tamArAmAMnA keTalAka rAyacandrajInA pustakane jIvanasUtra mAne che e sArUM karI che. " [ vasaMta, jyeSTha, saM. 1973 ] 674 '

Page #732
"sanAtana hindu dharma" 675 - - 3 sanAtana hindu dharmamAM svAmIjI ane badhue-huM "samasta hindu dharma sabhA'ne membara nathI, paNa e sabhAnA sekreTari rA, nagInadAsa saMghavInA khAsa nimantraNane mAnya karI huM atre Avyo chuM, ane emanI pratibharI AjJAne ja vaza vartI huM "sanAtana hindu dharma viSe be zabdo bolavA Ubho thAu chu. "sanAtana hindu dharma nuM je lakSaNa A sabhAnA membara thavA mATe bAdhavAmAM AvyuM temAM huM AvuM chuM ke kema enI mane khAtarI nathI. dharmamAM kaIpaNa prakAre-rAjakIya, sAmAjika vagere kaI paNa hetuthI -chUTa chATa thavI na joIe e "dharma zabdanA eka arthamA hu svIkArU chuM; paNa te sAthe ema paNa mAnuM chuM ke e ja zabdanA vizALa arthamAM rAjakIya ane sAmAjika jIvana paNa samAya che ane te rIte jotAM ukta hetuthI emA "chUTa chATa' karavAne prasaMga ja utpanna thato nathIH "chUTa chATa' thAya che te eka ja prakAranI ke je prakAranI zrI kRSNa bhagavAna gItAmA bolAvaMzajovA isaMparathana zartamaeri' e vacanamAM "lokasaMgraha- arthe upadeza cheH tAtparya ke dharma je amuka rAjakIya ke sAmAjika vyavasthA upara AdhAra rAkhatuM hoya to e vyavasthA dharma khAtara ja siddha karavAnI jarUra prApta thAya che. bIjuM, cAlu rUDhithI bhinna mata dharAvI dharma paratve je kAI mAnavAmA kahevAmA ke AcaravAmAM Ave te "sanAtana dharmanI chuTa chATa che ema manAtu hoya te e "sanAtana dharma nI vyAkhyA mane svIkArya nathI, ane e arthane sanAtanadharmI gaNAvA huM jarA paNa utsuka nathI. sanAtana hindu dharma kene kahe ke "sanAtana'-zabdamA ja ene uttara cheH hatA ke aghatana balka -gaI kAlane, Ajana, ke Ara bhane-emAthI kaI paNa "sanAtana" nahi; "sanAtana e ja ke je nanA kahetA nitya-tAvika rUpe nitya-rahelo hoya. A nitya dharmanAM tatva zI rIte nakkI thAya? brAhmaNane pUchIne? "vanAM trAghA gura "samasta hindu sanAtana dharma sabhA nAme eka saMsthA amadAvAdamAM sthapAI tenA meLAvaDAmA enA sekreTari rA. nagInadAsa saMghavIe mane sanAtana hindu dharma saMbandhI mArA pitAnA vicAre jaNAvavA kahyuM te uparathI A bhASaNa karavAmAM AvyuM hatuM. mArA pitAnA vicAra jaNAvavAnA hovAthI "hupadano bahu prayoga thayo che te vAcaka kSamA karaze,

Page #733
676 sanAtana hindu dharma ' e Apane kahevAmAM AvyuM e ThIka che, paNa huM brAhmaNa hAI niHsaMkrAca paNe kahuM chuM ke amane gurupada ApavuM e amArI hAlanI sthiti ane AcAra jotAM amArI dhruvaLa viDaMbanA cheH Apa 'brAhmaNatva' te pUjo e yathArtha che, ane e brAhmaNatva prAcIna RSinuM ja hatuM, amArUM nathI. mATe sanAtana hindu dharmanuM svarUpa jANavA sArU Apa amane guru na mAnazeA, hindu dharmanA mahAna granthA jIvA ane emAMthI enAM sanAtana tattva tAravI kADho. mArI pahelAMnA vaktAe Apane je sanAtana tattvA matAvyAM te huM paNa mAnuM chuM, mArA bheda ATaleA che ke e tattvA hAla cAlatA hindu dharmamAM manAya che te mATe huM ene mAnatA nathI, paNa hindu dharmanA itihAsamAM e sanAtana--nava nava rUpa dharyAM chatAM paNa enAM e ----evAM paDyAM che, ane tethI huM ene mAnuM chuM. ATalA spaSTIkaraNathI Apane jaNAyuM haze ke huM sanAtana hindudharmI chuM ane nathIH mArA peAtAnA sanAtana dharmanA lakSaNa pramANe chu, cAlu rUDhithI je kAMI matabheda te sarve chUTa chATa' ane sanAtanatAne bhaMga e samajaNu pramANe, nathI. A khIjA dRSTiSThinduthI jonArane mArU have pachInuM kheAlavu nApasaMda paDe teA temane mArA matabheda udAra sahiSNutAthI sahI levA mArI vinati che, te ja pramANe mArA AryasamAjI bhAione mArA vicAra jIrNa prAcInapanthI lAge to temane paNu mhoTA manathI kSaNavAra mArU kahevuM vicAravA prArthanA che. 6 have, IzvarapraNIta hAI veda ja ane vedamAM kevaLa mantrabhAga pramANu, ane te pachInA hindu dharmanA sadhaLA granthA manuSyapraNIta hAI apramANa e AryasamAjaneA mata huM svIkArI zakatA nathI. satya sarvatra ane sarve kALamAM IzvarapraNIta ja hAya che. Izvara kAMI amuka pustaka ja ApaNI sAme ezIne--vedIA veda bhaNI jAya ema--bhaNI jatA nathIH e ApaNA antamAM ' veda' kahetAM je jJAna te prakaTAve che. ane e nAna thakI jvalaMta je zabdarAzi : udbhave che--enuM nAma veda' che, rUDhithI A zabda brahmAnA caturmukhathI nIkaLelA ane kaline Arbhe vyAsajIe gAThavelA zabdarAzine ja lAgu pADavAmAM Ave che, ane ene ja zvirapraNIta --zruti'--mAnI te pachInA granthAne manuSyapraNIta ' smRti '--mAnavAmAM Ave che: tenuM kAraNa ke dharma saMbandhI je kAMI jANavAnuM che te yathArtha ane saMpUrNarUpe pahelavaheluM pUrvokta yutigranthamAM prATita thaI gayuM che, ane tyAra pachInuM jeTaluM teTaluM e zrutigranthanA smaraNa ane mananamAMthI utpanna thaeluM che. Ama yathArtha ane saMpUrNa rUpe dharmanA pratipAdaka je ""

Page #734
" "sanAtana hindu dharma" * 77, gra ApaNA ItihAsanA AdikALamAM thayA te veda yAne "zrutizabadavA che. have A grantha te mAtra saMhitA ja nathI. mArA pUrvanA vaktAe jaNAvyuM tema "wvadyArtharUti rAmadheya' e prasiddhine AdhAre "brAhmaNa" paNa vedamAM samAya che. mArI vicArapaddhatine bheda eTalo che ke huM kevaLa A vacanane AdhAre ja brAhmaNane vedamAM samAveza kara nathI; paNa te sAthe ema jouM chuM ke dharmanA samagra svarUpanuM- bhakti karma ane jJAna e traNe aMzanu--prakaTIkaraNa mAtra bhakitapradhAna saMhitAthI barAbara thaI zakatuM nathI paNa karmapradhAna brAhmaNa ane jJAnapradhAna AraNyaka ane upaniSanI emA apekSA rahe che ane tethI samagra dharmanA pratipAdaka Adi granthamA e traNene samAveza thavo joIe. A rIte veda' zabda kyA granthone lAgu paDavo joIe e vicAramA AryasamAjIenI sAme ane sanAtana matanA pakSamAM hu chu. paraMtu koI sanAtanIo ema mAnatA hoya ke ghaNAnA mukhamAMthI cAra veda nIkaLyA che, te temane huM "vAtutravivAyA-caturaga yajJanA pratipAdana mATe -arthAta hotA ukAtA adhvaryuM ane brahmA (atharvavid) nA kArya mATe- e utpanna thayA che e bhAgavatanA vacananuM smaraNa Apu chu ane saMhitAmA kaa zabdane arthe yajJa ane tethI traNa eTale yajJanI devatA, yajJapuruSa, yajJanuM antastatva evA thAya che tethI brahmAnA mukhamAthI veda nIkaLyAne artha hu eTalo ja samaju chu ke yajJanAthI cAra vedanI utpatti thaI A vicArapaddhati ane enA phalita siddhAntamA sanAtanatAne bhaga thatuM hoya ema huM mAnato nathI. bIjuM-Ama vedane mUrdhAbhiSikta pramANu mAnyA chatA, hu te sAthe ema paNa mAnu chu ke - 'itihAsapurANAbhyAM vedaM smupbRNhyet'-itihAsa ane purANuvaDe vedanuM sArI rIte upavRMhaNa (puSTi ane vistAra) karavuM joie. itihAsa purANa e brAhmaNanAM peTa bharavA mATenAM gappAM nathI; emAM dharma paratve tema ja prAcIna ItihAsa paratve ghaNuM ghaNuM zIkhavAnuM maLe che. ane A vAkya e vaDe vedanuM upabahaNa karavAnuM kahe che teTalA ja mATe huM emane pramANuM gaNuM chuM ema nahi, vAstavika rIte emane veda sAthe gADha saMbandha che tethI paNa A gADha saMbadha te e ke e veda upara eka jAtanuM bhASya che. paNa mane lAge che ke, enA pradIpathI veda vAcatAM ja veda yathArtha samajAya che ema ja Ane artha nathI; vedane dharma ApaNuM jIvanamAM utAravA mATe ItihAsa

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u78 "sanAtana hindu dharmamAM purANa bahu sAhyakArI che-sUtrane artha pUrepUra grahaNa karavAmAM bhASya sAhyakArI che te rIte-ema paNa samajavAnuM che. paNa vizeSamAM eka trIjI vAta e che ke jema veda ItihAsa ane purANunI madadathI vAMcavA joIe tema itihAsa ane purANa vedanI madadathI vAMcavAM joIe, ane e rIte vAMcatAM ja enAM gUDha marma samajAya che. udAharaNa tarIke-purANanuM kRNanuM gepa tarIkenuM varNana keTalAka vidvAno, hindusthAnamAM IsvI sananA AraMbhanI AsapAsanA kALamAM AhIra ("AbhAra") konI vastI thaI te samayamAM utpanna thaeluM mAne che. paNa jene "viSagopA vA bhya e Rgyeda sUktane manna smaraNamAM Avaze tene kRSNanuM gopa tarIkenuM varNana prAcIna vedamAMthI AveluM sahaja pratIta thaze. ane tyAM "gepa zabdanA artha mATe zaMkA rahetI hoya te vaLI juo viSNusUktine eka bIje manna jemAM viSNulokanuM varNana karatAM zrati kahe che ke "yatra mAvo mUriyAta che. te ja pramANe, kRSNa ane arjunanA sakhApaNunA, ane enA mULabhUta nara-nArAyaNanA dvandanA, ItihAsanI pAchaLa phasaMhitA ane kaThepaniSane "raNujA raNayA" vALa magna rahelo che; ane kRSNanuM sArathipaNuM e, kaThopaniSadane sAmAje rathine vidi' ityAdi rUpakamAM AtmAne je rathI kahyA che, enA ja sahAyabhUta netA sArathirUpa paramAtmAnuM varNana cheA sivAya ItihAsa purANanI kathAnA bIjA asaMkhya khulAsA vedamAMthI maLI Ave che. A kAraNathI ha veda ItihAsa ane purANu emAthI kazAne avagaNavA Icchato nathI. have sanAtana dharmanAM pUrvanA vaktAe kahelAM keTalAMka tattvo laIe. temA eka to emaNe mUrtipUjA batAvI. mUrtipUjA sAme AryasamAjIo zI rIte vAMdhe laI zake che te mArAthI samajAtuM nathI. "ta pratimA RArita" e vAkyane artha pUrvApara jatAM zAstrIjIe batAvyo te ja che ene mUrtipUjAnA prazna sAthe kAMI paNa sAkSAta saMbadha nathI. paraMtu vizeSamAM, mane te samajaNa e nathI paDatI ke-yajJanI vedi upara agni saLagAvIne agnimAM paramezvaranI bhAvanA karavI athavA te agni dvArA paramezvarane bhajo, ane jaLAdhArI upara zivanI mUrti sthApIne e mUtimAM paramezvaranI bhAvanA karavI athavA to e mUrtidvArA paramezvarane bhajavo, emAM zo bheda che? ziva pUjA saMbandhI vicAra karanArane A te sahaja pratIta thAya evuM che ke zatapatha brAhmaNamA zivanI agni sAthe ekatA kahI che e yathArtha che. agni bhaDabhaDIne bALe che saMhAre che tethI "8"

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sanAtana hindu dharma" ' haTa sAthe ekatA pAme che, ane ghera ghera vasate kalyANakArI padArtha che tethI ziva' kahevAvAne paNa gyA che. agnimAM vratanI dhArAne ThekANe ene maLate ziva upara jaLane abhiSeka cAlyo; agninI javALAmAM gUMthAelA dhUmane zivanI jaTArUpe darzAvavAmAM Avyo, ane te ja kAraNathI ziva nIlakaMTha' paNa kahevAyA; ziva sAthe bhasma paNa agni sAthenI emanI ekatAnA kAraNathI ja joDAI ane "gvme zaravAti mA~ he mA kSA viverA" e agnimastramAMthI ja zivanuM mahAdeva" nAma ane vRSabha yAne piThIyA sAthe saMbadha utpanna thayo che. asala, mUrtine badale vedi upara agni saLagAvI laI dharmakArya karavAmAM Avatu; pAchaLathI e ja agnine mUrtirUpe kAyama svarUpa ApavAmAM AvyuM--emAM mUrtipUjAnA tattva para zuM phera paDayo ? sAdo patthara vApare ke ArasapahANanI mUrti kare, dIvo prajavALA, ke pustaka padharA-e sarva jema sarakhAM ja che, tema agni saLagAvIne paramAtmAnuM yajana kare ke zivaliMga karIne kare emAM phera nathI. zAstrIjIe sanAtana dharmanAM tattamAM bIjuM tattva avatAra saMbadhI mAnyatA e batAvyuM. A paNa mane mAnya che. svargamAM vasato Izvara pRthvI upara kema avatarI zake, ke manuSya karatAM ananta gaNe zreSTha e Izvara manuSya ane pazunAM rU5-je avatAra kathAmAM eNe lIdhelAM kahevAya che-te kema laI zake e sthULa dalIla to dUrApAsta che, paNa prakRti ane jIva thakI nirALo evo Izvara prakRti ane jIva rUpe kema saMbhavI zake e sUkSma dalIlane gaDha tUTa paNa ghaNAM varSo thaI gayAM ane atyAre pazcimamAM IzvaramImAMsAnuM eka evuM pustaka nathI lakhAtuM ke jemAM, izvaranA Transcendence'-paratva-nI sAthe "Immanence-antatvanuM pratipAdana na thatu hoya tAtparya ke Izvara padArthamAtrathI nirALe che evA ekadaLI siddhAntathI UpaDatAM avatAra azakya thAya che, paNa Izvara padArthamAtranA ataramAM rahelo hoI emAM prakaTa thAya che evuM bIjuM daLa jyAM svIkArAyuM ke turata ene avatAra-yAne prAkaTaya-ne siddhAnta siddha thaI jAya che. khristI dharmapustaka kahe che ke "manuSya paramAtmAnI pitAnI ja AkRtimAM banele che'--arthAta jIvAtmA ane paramAtmA emAM je Atmatattva virAjamAna che te eka ja hoI bIjI bhASAmAM, jIvAtmAne paramAtmAnuM pratibimba ja mAnavuM paDe che. te ja pramANe A vizvamAM vizvanA artharUpa-prakAzarUpa-je caitanya skure che, ane je ene ApaNuM sAthe bolatuM cAlatuM kare che e paramAtmAnuM ja dazana che. Ama jIvAtmA ane bAhya jagata ubhayamAM paramAtmAnuM ja prAkaTaya hoI ubhaya paramAtmA

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sanAtana hindu dharma" nA ja avatAra-paramAtmAnI ja vibhUti-che. "avatAra'-nuM A tAtparya che. ane tethI zrImadbhAgavatanA avatArakathanane AraMbha prathama skandha tRtIya adhyAyamAM yasyAvayavasaMsthAnaH kalpito lokavistaraH / tadvai bhagavato rUpaM vizuddhaM saravamUrjinam // ema bhagavAnanA rUpapradarzanathI thAya che. ane bhAgavatanA dvitIya-siddhAnta -skandamAM sthUla ane sUkSma dhyAnArthe AraMbhamAM ja "mahApuruSa saMsthAnuM varNana karyuM che. ane e ja skardhAmAM bhagavAnanA Adya avatAra tarIke- AdhoSatAraH puruSaH parasya kAlaH svabhAvaH sadasanmanazca / dravyaM vikAro guNa indriyANi virATa svarAT sthAstu cariSNu bhuumnH|| -kAla, svabhAva, sadasata (mAyA), mana, dravya, vikAra, guNe, Indriyo, virA, svarA-arthAta vividha vizeSarUpe ane svasvarUpe rAjamAna A paramAtmAnuM zarIrabhUta vizva-sthAvara ane jaMgama kahyuM che. A jotAM kharA dhyAnavidhimAM ApaNA zAstrakAranuM zuM tAtparya che e jaNAI Ave che. kAlathI mAMDI sthAvara jaMgama sarva vizvamAM paramAtmAno avatAra che evI samajaNathI emAM paramAtmabuddhi karavAnI che ane e buddhi UpajatAM "kAla" kahetAM A vizvane itihAsa kevI bhavyatAthI bharAI jAya che. sthAvara jaMgama sarva padArtho paramAtmAne ja avatAra che chatAM - jema AkhA samudra upara sUryane prakAza patharAelo hoya che chatAM enAM sapATI karatAM UMce caDhatAM mojA upara e prakAza khAsa caLake che temaA vizvamAM prabhu sabhara bharyo che chatAM amuka sthaLe, amuka kALe, amuka jaDa padArtho, ane amuka cetana vyaktiomAM, enuM savizeSa darzana thAya che. sATha ghaDImAM prabhu kyAre hoto nathI? chatAM uSa:kALe ene sAkSAtkAra kevo thAya che! brahmAMDanA kyA rajakaNamAM e vaselo nathI? chatAM samudra kAMThe ke DuMgaranI hAramAM enuM kevuM asAdhAraNa darzana thAya che! tema manuSya mAtramAM-pApI ane pAmara suddhAMmAM--e vaselo che, chatAM-rAma kRSNa jharathustra mahAvIra buddha jIsasa ahammada e enI khAsa vibhUtio che. A avatAravAdanA- yadyavibhUtimatsatvaM zrImarjitameva vaa| tahevAva tatva mA teDaphAramajU ! bha. gItA. e rahasyamantra che. mArA A khulAsAmAM rUDha avatAravAdathI satya sanAtana dharmanA avatAravAdana-ane tethI hAra-kayAM bheda che e ApanA samajavAmAM AvyuM haze.

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"sanAtana hindu dharma" 681 jana zAstrIjIe trIjI carcA varNAzramadharma saMbadhI karI. Azrama saMbandhI te atyAre bahu carcavA je matabheda keIne ja nathI, ane tethI zAstrIjI e saMbadhI kAMI na bolyA e svAbhAvika che. varNa saMbaMdhI emaNe je Agraha batAvyo e viSayamAM bhAre thoDuMka kahevAnuM che. pahelI vAta te e ke hAlanI jJAtio ane prAcIna vaNe e varace bahu bheda che. bIjI vAta te e ke varNavyavasthA sanAtana dharma sAthe joDAelI che ema emanuM kahevuM che e kharU che. paraMtu e sAthe eka trIjI vAta e paNa kharI che ke vastutaH varNavyavasthA e samAjazAstra (Sociology) ne prazna che, dharmane nathI. puruSasUktamAM brahmADaya gumAvI ItyAdi mantramAM cAra varNano ullekha che tyAM e cAra varNane eka ekathI bhinna bhAna ja ema zrati AjJA karatI hoya ema huM samajato nathI. RgyedasaMhitA AvaDe mahaTa grantha che chatAM anya sUktamAM A cAra varNana vibhAganuM pratipAdana kema nathI ane puruSasUktamAM ja kema che ? puruSasUktamAM eTalA mATe che ke cAre varNa eka ja paramAtmAnA virATuM dehanAM aMgabhUta che ema bhAvanA karavAnuM zruti bhagavatI upadezavA bhAge che. e zrutine prAdurbhAva thatA pahelAM prakRti thakI ja samAjamAM brAhmaNa kSatriya vaizya ane zudra ema cAra bheda paDelA hatA, ene anuvAda mAtra karIne emAM ekatAnI bhAvanA karavAne e zrutivacana vidhi kare che ema samajavAnuM che. arthAta bhedanuM pratipAdana karavAnuM nahi, paNa abhedanuM pratipAdana karavAnuM tyAM tAtparya che,-jema zrImadbhagavadagItAmAM "yi vaiyAkarathA datteja cAritta ja nati' e vAkyamAM strIo vaizya ane zudra emane judA rAkhaje, bheLavI dezo nahi ema kahevAnuM tAtparya nathI, paNa paramAtmAne saghaLAM sarakhAM hoI enA bhajanathI sarva parAgatine pAme che ema kahevAnuM tAtparya che, te ja rIte tema sarva varNane eka karI nAMkhe ema paNa kRti kahetI nathI-ene eka "sociological samAjazAstranA prazna tarIke bAju para mUke che. vedamAM jema tAra ke vIjaLI zodhavA javuM e asthAne che tema samAjazAstranI racanA zodhavI e paNa asthAne che. dharma anya zAstramAM kAMI paNa pheraphAra karyA vagara mAtra daSTi ja Ape che. e daSTi te abhedanI dRSTi, ane e ja daSTine puruSasUkatamAM bedha che. have je ApaNuM RSimunionA samAjazAstramAM cAra varNanI vyavasthA upadezI che e ApaNuM sanAtana dharmanI sAthe bhaLI che e kharuM, paNa te hamezAM eka ne eka rUpe rahI nathI. to paNa emAM janamaMDaLanA je cAra heTA bhAga pADyA che, ane te mULa guNa karma pramANe paDelA 86

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che ke rizI ane amerikA para caDhI gayA hoya che. bauddha yuga 682 sanAtana hindu dharma chatAM pachIthI janma pramANe calAvyA che, temAM samAjanA saMrakSaNanI ane saMvardhananI mhoTI kArIgarI samAelI mane lAge che. e vyavasthAnuM kharuM DahApaNa A yuddha daramiAna mahArAthI barAbara samajAyuMH varNadharmanI dareka vyaktinI IcchAnusAra pasaMdagI karavA devAthI pariNAma e Ave che ke Akho deza keTalIka vAra eka ja sUre caDhI jAya che. bauddha yugamAM ApaNo deza vairAgyarUpI brAhmaNatvane sUre caDhI gayo hato. vartamAna yugamAM lagabhaga yUropa ane amerikA vaizyasure caDhI gayAM che; jarmani-khAsa karIne prazIA-kSatriyasUre caDhI gayuM che. tyAMnA brAhmaNe-phesare-paNuM cAryanI rIte brAhmaNatvamAMthI caLI kSatriyatvane zaraNe thaI gayA che ane lAMbo samaya vaizyavRtti sevIne atyAre IglaDe paNa "conscription" yAne samasta prajAvyA5ka kSatriya dharma aMgIkAra karyo che. keI paNa prajA kaI paNa kALe eka ja dhUne caDhI jAya e ThIka che? "phrI TreIDa"--yAne apratibaddha svecchAnusAra vahepAra-nA ghaNA lAbha che, temAM sphoTAmAM maheATe lAbha e che ke je deza kALa manuSya je udyogane yogya hoya te te kareH emAM rAjya ke koI vacamAM Ave nahi, ane svataMtratAne siddhAnta jaLavAya. paNa "phrI TreiDa' prajAsamaSTinI dRSTithI jotAM hitakArI nathIH IglaDe enA anusaraNamAM khetI gumAvI ane ghaNuM jarUrI dhaMdhA jarmaninA hAthamAM javA dIdhA. atyAre e Arthika nItinI bhUla samajAya che, ane prajAsamastanA hita khAtara rAjya vacamAM paDIne sarva jAtanA dhaMdhAo keLavAya evI yojanA karavI joIe ema manAya che. te ja pramANe, kevaLa dareka vyakitanI svatantratA ane nyAya vicArIne ja samAja cAlavA devo hoya te varNavyavasthA na joIe; paNa jana samastanA hitanI dRSTie ja vicAra kare hoya-hitanI AgaLa nyAya ane svAtaMtryanAM tattvane namAvavAM hoya-te varNavyavasthA Avazyaka che. prajAne brAhmaNa, kSatriya, vaizya, ane zada cAre varNanI jarUra che, ane tethI kaI kaImAM lopa pAmI na jAya te mATe janmAnusAra varNabhedano niyama rAkhavAnI AvazyakatA che. paNa te janatAnA hita khAtara. jyAM janatAnuM hita ja sacavAtuM na hoya -jemake hAlanI nAtajAtanI sthitimAM-tyAM sanAtana dharmane nAme khoTA varNabheda mATe Agraha dharAvo e mane yogya lAgatuM nathI. sanAtana dharmamAM cothuM tattva zAstrIjIe zrAddhanuM batAvyuM. enI IcchatAnA saMbandhamAM paNa huM emanI joDe maLuM chuM. paNa pitRone ApelA piDa emane pahoMce che ke nahi e prazna zrAddhanA viSayamAM tAvika nathI. zrAddha je zraddhAmAMthI utpanna thAya che-para jIvana che ane ApaNuM hAlAM

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sanAtana hindu dharma A pramANe enAM tatva zAM zAM che haze. chatAM, A sagAM saMbadhIo dekhAtAM baMdha thayA eTale lupta thaI jatAM nathI paNa parajIvanamAM rahe che evI je zraddhAmAMthI utpanna thAya che-e zraddhA ja enuM kharuM tattva che. bIjuM-sanAtana hindu dharmane zrAddhaviSayaka vidhi joze te temAM eka manahara vastu Apane e jovAmAM Avaze ke enI kriyA Ananda AnandathI ja bharapUra che. jIva mRtyu pAme eTale kuTumbathI vikhUTo paDI gayo che ke naSTa thaI gayo che evI zokanI samajaNa ja emAM nathI. e jIva hamezAM pAchaLanAMnI sAthe, emanI vacamAM ja vase che, kuTu khanAM sukha duHkhanA prasaMgamAM e bhAga le che, ane chatAM e eka bhUta * preta tarIke nahi paNa deva rUpe-evI zraddhA che. e zraddhA jagalI nathI paNa prAcInakALamAM remana vagere ghaNuM mahAna prajAe e dharAvatI hatI ema ItihAsa uparathI jaNAya che. zraddhAthI prerAI jApAne raziyA sAthenA yuddhamAM kevAM vIra kRtyo karyAM hatAM e tame jANe che. A pramANe sanAtana dharma saMbadhI mArI vicArapaddhati. kadAca tamArI judI haze, tathApi e dharmanAM tattva zAM zAM che emAM mArI tamArI sAthe ghaNe bhAge ekatA che-eTaluM te tamane jaNAyuM ja haze. chatAM, A samasta hindu sanAtana dharmasabhA" nA ApanA sekreTarIe bAMdhelA lakSaNamAM huM praveza karavA IcchatA nathI. chevaTe, huM Apane eka hakIkata kahevA mAguM chuM. ApamAMnA ghaNAnuM evuM mAnavuM jaNAya che ke vaDodarAnA nareza zrImati sayAjIrAva gAyakavADa sanAtana hindu dharmanA ucchedaka che. paNa Apa jANIne Azcarya pAmaze ke Apa jene ucchedaka mAne che te ja patie mArI pAse hindu dharmanAM sanAtana ta viSe hamaNAM eka bALapothI taiyAra karAvI che ane e emanI pharajiyAta prAthamika zikSaNanI zALAomAM cAlavAnI che. e napatinI AjJAne anuvartatA emanA amaladArone paNa sanAtana dharma mATe keTalI lAgaNuM che e Apane ATalA uparathI jaNAze ke--mArA pustaka saMbadhI kamiTie mane bhalAmaNa karI che ke "sadhyA pUjA ane zrAddhanA viSaya emAM dAkhala karavA." vastutaH e viSaya emAM hatA ja-temAM pahelA be te bahu spaSTa rIte-chatAM e tarapha emanI dRSTi gaelI nahi ane tethI teoe e pramANe lakhyuM. paraMtu AmAMthI huM Apane jaNAvavA e mAguM chuM ke hindu dharmanA kevA kevA viSayo upara paNa emanuM lakSa rahe che. ATalI hakIkata e narezane anyAya na thAya te mATe-sAmAnya manuSyane jema nyAyane haka che tema narezane paNa che tethI jAhera karuM chuM, [vasana, zrAvaNa saM. 1973 ]

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684 ahiMsAdharma ahiMsAdharma bahene ane badhuo - Ape mane A meLAvaDAnuM pramukhapada ApIne hindu dharmanA-bake manuSya dharmanA-eka amUlya tattva upara be zabdo bolavAne mane prasaMga Apyo che te mATe huM Apane AbhAra mAnuM chuM. Apane yAda haze ke thoDAka mAsa upara keneDAnA pratinidhi saraoNbarTa bArDana vara kanpharansamAM bhAga laI keneDA pAchA gayA, ane tyAM emanA badhuone potAnA kAryanI jIvadayAe kharI hakIkata nivedana karI temAM hindurathAnanA haka viSe bolatAM svadezI pravRtti, eka vAta emaNe e jaNAvI hatI ke hindusthAnane ane enI mahattA sudhAre pazcimanA sudhArA karatAM vadhAre prAcIna che, pazci bhanA sudhArAthI judo che paNa te Utarate nathI ja, ane keTalIka bAbatamAM te caDhIAtI bhUmikAne che ema paNa kahevAya. A vacana vAMcI ghaNane hindusthAnanuM gaganabhedI tattvadarzana A prazaMsAnA pAtra tarIke upasthita thayuM haze. paNa e tattvadarzanamAM keI eka tattva hindusthAnanuM khAsa lakSaNabhUta hoya te te jIvadayA che. A jagata mAyA che, ane brahma e ja sarvamAM anusmRta satya padArtha che ityAdi vedAntane siddhAnta parama gaMbhIra che, paNa ene maLate siddhAnta pratipAdana karanArA pazcimamAM paNa keTalAka tattvavettAo thaelA jovAmAM Avaze. paNa je eka siddhAnta hindusthAnanI mahedI prajAne pRthvInI anya sarva prajA karatAM ekadama judI ane uccatara janasaMskRtie pahoMcelI tarIke AMkI Ape che te ene jIvadayAne siddhAnta che. te huM AjanI ApaNI pravRttine khAsa "svadezI" pravRtti kahuM te emAM atizayokti che? kadAca bIjI heTI ane bahu-avAjI pravRttinI sarakhAmaNImAM ApaNI A jIvadayAnI pravRttine keI kaMgALa ane dayAmaNI lekhatA haze, paNa vastutaH jotAM saMkhyA kada ke avAjanI moTAIne ja heTAI mAnavI e eka manuSyasvabhAvasulabha dRSTideva che. prabhu zuM vIjaLI kATakA ane dharatIkaMpamAM ja pratyakSa thAya che? manuSyanA antarAtmAno "the still small * tA. 20-10-1917 zanivAranA roja bharUca mukAme bharavAmAM AvelI zrI ditIya jIvadayA kaoNnpharansa" nA pramukhapadethI ApeluM bhASaNa.

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ahiMsAdharma 685 se-zAna ane che tema A e ja vyakata karatAM voice'--zAnta ane nAnakaDe avAja-te zuM ene ja zabda nathI ? ane je tattvavettAo kahe che tema, A bAhya sRSTinI vyavasthA ane e vyavasthAmAM bhaMga karatAM dekhAtAM paNa vastutaH e ja vyavasthAnA sthApaka vIjaLI kaTakA ane dharatIkaMpa-emAM je prabhudarzana thAya che te karatAM paNa ApaNuM attamAM vasatI caitanyanI bhAvanAmAM e vadhAre ucca ane nikaTa rUpe thAya che, te A be divasa narmadAtIre bhagukacchatI thavAnI pravRttio dezamAM cAlatI bIjI ghaNuM pravRttio karatAM uccatara ane vadhAre umadA che. paNa huM ema tAratamyane AMke nahi de. prabhune bAhya ane Antara sarva sarakhAM che, vizva eka akhaMDAkAra che--jemAM dharma gRha artha rAjya ane sAhitya sarva eka bIjA sAthe gUMthAelAM che, tathApi eTalo bheda-tAratamya nahi, paNa bheda-darzAvavAmAM harakata nathI ke amuka pravRttio vadhAre gAje che, paNa te ApaNuM jIvananA pUla bhAgane vadhAre sparze che. A pravRttine svara jhINe che, paNa te ApaNI dRSTine UjALe che ane ApaNuM hRdayane palALe che. jIvadayAnI pravRttine enA sAMkaDA arthamAM na samajatAM, ene paripUrNa artha karI, ApaNu AtmAnA utsagamAM vasAvIe te te ApaNuM AkhA jIvanane alaukika uccatA ane udAratA ApavA samartha thaze. ane je ke prakRti prasaMga mATe ApaNe e mahAna zabdane enA saMkucita arthamAM ja laIne ApaNI bAhya pravRttinuM citrAlekhana karavAnuM che, tathApi e sAMkaDo artha te vizALa arthamAMthI ja jAmIne-nebulamAMthI ekAda graha ke tAre baMdhAya ema baMdhAIne_thayo che eTaluM smaraNamAM rAkhIzuM, te jIvadayA e mAtra AjakAla paLAto kheDAM Dherane saMgrahavAne pAMjarApoLane ja dharma nathI, paNa e dharma che, e dharmane sudhAre che, ane e dharmane vistAra che ema sahaja samajAyA vinA raheze nahi. A sAMkaDA arthamAM jIvadayAne aMge be moTA prazno AvelA cheH Vegetarianism' yAne dhAndhaka AhAra; ane bIje, pazu-paMkhIkITAdikanA jIvananuM sarvathA rakSaNa, arthAta e chavanuM yajJayAgAdimAM balidAna nahi, ane emanuM jIvana bacAvavA tathA sukhI karavA mATe pAMjarApoLa vagere vividha jAtanA yane. have A be praznane kAMIka TA. ane kAMIka ekaThA rAkhIne ene vicAra karIzuM Vegetarianism' yAne vanaspatine ja khorAka rAkha e, matanA anuyAyIo pazcimamAM hAlamAM keTalAMka varSothI thavA lAgyA che, te

Page #743
686 ahiMsAdharma ane yuropa-amerikAmAM e matanA lokonAM ghaNAM vanaspatinA khorAka maMDaLa sthapAyAM che, teo taraphathI e jAtane ja khorAka mATe kharI dalIla- manuSyane lAbhakArI che ema batAvanArAM pustake bahAra naitika pADavAmAM Ave che, bhASaNa apAya che, ane vana spatine khorAka je pazcimanA dezomAM meLavo kaThaNa paDe che e sahelAIthI maLI zake te mATe joItI dukAne, resTorAM ane haTelonI sagavaDa karavAmAM Ave che. vanaspatinA AhAra mATe e maMDaLa taraphathI je dalIla raju karavAmAM Ave che temAM ghaNe bhAge e AhArathI taMdurastIne thatuM nukasAna ane Arthika daSTie kimatI evI pazusamRddhine vinAza e be bAbata upara khAsa bhAra mUkavAmAM Ave che. kahe che ke kensara vagere keTalAka rogo mAMsAhAramAM AvatA jhINuM jatuothI utpanna thAya che; ane mAMsAhArathI zaurya Ave che e dalIlane paNa ulaTAM udAharaNa ApIne-mAMsAhAra chatAM bAyalApaNuM vA nirbaLatA, ane dhAnyAhAra chatAM zaurya vA baLa evA manuSya vyaktinA, prajAnA, ane manuSyatara prANIonA dAkhalA TAMkIne uttara devAmAM Ave che. vaLI Arthika hitanI dRSTie joIe te pazunA vinAzathI khetInA kAmamAM paNa ghaNuM nukasAna thAya che e spaSTa che. A sAme mAMsAhArI pakSa taraphathI ema dalIla thaze ke mAMsAhArathI re. game te thavAno saMbhava hoya, paNa enA nivAraka vA pratikAka upAyothI athavA te e roga thatAM chatAM anya lAbha vA anukULatAnA baLathI pazcimamAM mAMsAhArI loka paNa lAMbo vakhata jIvI zake che; ane pazunA mAMsAhArathI khetIne nukasAna thAya che e kabUla karIe to paNa e dalIla masyAhArane lAgu paDatI nathI, balka misyAhAra khetI uparane AhArane bojo kamI kare che. have A be pakSanI tulanA karatAM, mAruM ema kahevuM nathI ke pahelA karatAM A bIjo pakSa vadhAre majabUta che. dhAnyAhArI mAMsAhArInI pUrvokta dalIlane bahu sArI rIte uttara vALI zake ke-nivAraka ke pratikAraka upAyothI eka anartha aTakAvI ke ghaTADI zakAya tethI kAMIe anarthanI anarthatA ghaTatI nathI. jemake bALavivAha chatAM cintAnA ane vidyApari zramanA abhAve kadAca ApaNA pUrvajo zArIrika svasthatA ApaNuM karatAM vadhAre sArI bhegavatA haze, paNa tethI bALavivAha aniSTa che e siddhA tane bAdha AvatuM nathI; te ja pramANe Arthika dRSTie joIe to pazunI boTane lIdhe khetI bagaDe ane meMghI thAya, eTaluM ja nahi, paNa masyAhArathI khetI uparathI ghaTADA bAjo e khetInA ja vikAsamAM

Page #744
ahiMsAdharma 687 hAnikAraka che-Ama mAMsAhAranI aniSTatA zArIrika ane Arthika bane dRSTie sthApI zakAya ema che. ane zarIra ane dhana ene jIvanasukhanAM parama sAdhana mAnanAra manuSyane-khAsa karIne pazcimanI prajAne -mAMsAhAramAMthI nivAravA mATe e dalIlo upayogI che. ane huM dhAruM chuM ke A pariSaddamAM ghaNuM vaktAo taraphathI e prakAranuM ajavALuM nAMkhavAmAM Avaze. te paNa mane lAge che ke A svArthanI dalIla karatAM vadhAre ucca-kartavyanI-dalIlanA ApaNe manuSya tarIke, adhikArI chIe. ane huM te spaSTa kahuM chuM ke-manuSyanA manuSya tarIkenA adhikArane prazna huM dAktara ane arthazAstrIne seMpI devA rAjI nathI. teonI madada-sAcI madada-svIkAravA ApaNe taiyAra rahIzuM, paNa te karatAM adhika nahi. kartavya sAthe sukha jeDAtuM hoya-ane dayALu prabhunA rAjyamAM ema hoya emAM navAI nahi-te e sukha kartavyanI pAchaLa pAchaLa bhale Ave, paNa sukhanA hetuthI kartavyane kartavya tarIke ApaNe mAnIzuM nahi ja. e ja nyAye ApaNe "Vegetarianism" yAne dhAndhaka AhArane--zArIrika ane Arthika lAbhahAnithI svatanna, manuSya tarIkenA ApaNuM kArya tarIke-lekhIzuM. ApaNuM maMDaLanA aMgrejI nAmamAM ja, A daSTibindu raheluM nathI ? Humanity" jIvadayA-(je uparathI "Humanitarian" zabda thayo che) e ja kharUM manuSyatva che ema e zabda jAhera kare che. Ane samAnArthaka ApaNe saMskRta zabda "mRtA ' che; ane vastu "thaI (mUta), eTalAthI ja ene dayA upara adhikAra siddha thaI jAya che ema e zabda sUcana kare che. paNa mAMsAhArIo A daSTi sAme be dalIla lAvazeH eka te e ke manuSya manuSya pratye dayA dharAvavA baMdhAelo che. paNa janasamAjanI bahAra nIcalA prANIo pratye e kartavya zI rIte utpanna thAya che ? paNa A praznanA antarUmAM khoTI kartavyamImAMsA rahelI che. manuSya sAmAjika prANuM che, paNa te karatAM bahu adhika che. enAM saghaLAM kartavyo karAra (Social contract)thI ja utpanna thatAM nathI. kartavyanI bhAvanA e bajArU sadAmAMthI utpanna thaelI nathI, balake bajArU sodAnI pavitratA paNuM kartavyabhAvanAmAMthI ja Ave che. vaLI, manuSyane janasamAjanA avayava tarIke ja kartavyabhAvanA utpanna thatI hoya te je janasamAja arthAta "rASTrane e avayava hoya te rASTranI bahAra ene kartavyane pradeza vistarI zake ja nahi. ane je saghaLAM rASTra bhaLI eka manuSyasamAja thAya che, ane e ekatAmAMthI

Page #745
ahiMsAdharma manuSyajAti pratye kartavya utpanna thAya che-ema kahevAmAM Ave, to je manuSyavarga manuSyajAtinA utkarSamAM nahi jevo bhAga le che-jemake - AphrikAnA jaMgalI loka-teo pratye manuSyanAM manuSya tarIke kartavya utpanna thAya ja nahi! (jarmane jarmana "State -rASTa-ahAra pitAne kAMI paNa naitika bandhana hoya ema mAnatA nathI emanA jevI e dalIla gaNAya). vastutaH A saghaLuM vizva eka che, enA saghaLA padArtho ekaThA vase che. eka bIjA sAthe saMdhAelA-gUMthAelA che, ane eka ja racanAnAM sarve aMge che e vizvadaSTithI jotAM, manuSyane manuSyanAM, manuSyajAti karatAM bahu maheTA vizvanA aMgamAM, kartavya rahelAM che. ane tethI, halakAM prANuonuM rakSaNa karavuM-arthAt emanI hisA na karavI, emanAM duHkhamAM "anukampA" karavI-arthAta e tharathare te sAthe ApaNe paNa tharatharavuM-ane yathAzakti emane sukhI karavAM e ApaNuM kartavya che, manuSya tarIkenuM kartavya che, kAraNake ApaNe svArtha karatAM UMcI dRSTie joI kAyakAryanuM manana karI zakIe evAM prANuo chIe. zekanI vAta che, paNa te AzcaryanI vAta nathI ke "sarvabhUtAnukammA e manuSyane asAdhAraNa dharma-manuSyane manuSyatvamAMthI utpanna thato dharma--hovA chatAM, manuSya enA AdikALathI e dharmanuM darzana pAmI zakya nathI. manuSya jema jema sudhArAnI UMcI bhUmikAe caDhate jAya che tema tema e pitAnA antaranAM paDa ukelato jAya che, ane pitAnuM manuSyatva vadhAre ne vadhAre anubhavate jAya che-Civilisation (janasaMskRti)ne vikAsa e "Psychology"--(mAnasadaSTi)nA vikAsanI sAthe sAthe ja cAle che. sudhArAnA Adi yugamAM sarva prajAmAM mAMsAhAra ane mAMsa vaDe devatArAdhana thatAM e suprasiddha che. ApaNuM dezamAM A viSayamAM pUrve zI sthiti hatI ane emAMthI vartamAna sthiti zI rIte niSpanna thaI e jANavA jevuM che. e yathArtha rIte jANavA-samajavAthI brAhmaNo ane jene vaccene kahevA matabheda ane AcArabheda yathArtha svarUpe samajavAmAM Avaze, ane durAgraha ane mithyAgraha maTI AkhI hindu prajA ekarasa jIvana-hAla ghaNuM rIte e ekarasa che, paNa sarvathA ekarasa jIvana-anubhavaze, ane pAMjarApoLa vagere keTalIka saMsthAo je atyAre janone ghaNe bhAge eka hAthe calAvavI paDe che te calAvavAmAM samasta hindu prajA Teke deze. 4 AkhI hindI prajA-alka hindanivAsI prajAnI A kAryamAM sahAyatA mANuM chuM ke huM A bhASaNane ane jaNAvIza. raNa ja AdikALathI bakA

Page #746
ahiMsAdharma tyAre have prAcIna bhArata upara daSTi nAkhIe. eno ItihAsa racavA jatAM itihAsakArane svAbhAvika kalpanA e sUjhe ke enA prAcIna grantha levA, ene kAlakramamAM goThavavA, ane ItihAsa e granthanA pauvaparya pramANe emAM varNavelI vastusthitinuM pauvaparya mAnavuM. paNa prAcIna bhAratanA itihAsakArane A sarala bhArga kheTAM anumAna upara UtAre che. e ItihAsakAranI heTI viSamatA e che ke--keTalIka vAra pAchaLanA grAmAM varNavelI sthiti pUrvanA gro karatAM paNa pUrvatara hoya che, amuka granthamAM svasamayanuM citra paNa keTalIkavAra hetuM nathI, amuka rivAja baMdha thaI gayA chatAM paNa pustakamAM rahe che, eka ja granthamAM eka bIjAthI ulaTAM pratipAdane paNa jovAmAM Ave che. A viSamatA nIpajavAnAM ghaNAM kAraNe cheH hindusthAna mahaTe deza haiI emAM UMcI nIcI bhUmikAno sudhAre ekI vakhate judA judA bhAgamAM pravarce che; Arya ane anArtha baMne lekane eka janatAmAM saMgrahavAnI jarUra paDatAM, eka ja smRtigranthamAM baMnenA rItarivAjo saMgrahavA paDyA che; vaLI eka ja gotra yA zAkhAnA rItarivAja hamezAM ekanA eka rahyA nathI; rItarivAja badalAyA chatAM mULa sUtra kAyama rahyAM che, vA jUnA sUtra bhegAM navAM sUtra mUkAyAM che, ane svAdhyAya mATe eka zAkhAnAM sUtra svIkAranArane anya smRti pramANe AcAra cAlyo che. ATalI muzIbata chatAM, itihAsakAra zAnitathI, dhIrajathI, vizALa avalokanathI, ane niSpakSapAta-satyekaniSTha-daSTithI nirNaya upara AvavA yatna kare che te yatna De ghaNe paNa saphaLa thAya evo che. saune suvidita che ke prAcIna bhArata upara paDate parama prakAza adamannanAM verAtAM kiraNene che. e te vakhatanI sthiti ApaNA prazna paratve AhAramAM ane devatArAdhanamAM mizra prakAranI dekhADe che. agaNita sUkamAM devane dUdha ane ghInI Ahutio apAya che. paNa thoDeka sthaLe mAMsanuM balidAna paNa vAMcIe chIe. gAyane mATe eka "udanyA' zabda che jeno dhAtvartha "hanana karavA cogya nahi e thAya che. paNa emAM rahelo niSedha ja enAthI ulaTI sthiti keI koI sthaLe pravartatI haze ema paNa sAkSI pUre che. pUrva gavAlaMbha thato e ApaNe aneka pramANuthI jANIe chIe, ane e ja sthitinuM smaraNa tyAra pachI ghaNe kALe kAlidAsa ApaNane "meghadUta mAM carmaNvatI (caMbala) nadIne "vica zakti kahIne Ape che. vedanA brAhmaNabhAgamAM pazuyAga evA vigatavAra varNavAtA

Page #747
90 ahiMsAdharma joie chIe ke e vAkyAnA anya artha kalpI enA astitva upara DhAMkapIcheDA nAMkhavA zakya nathI. paNa te sAthe e paNa pratyakSa che ke A samayamAM RgvedasaMhitAnA samayanI hindusthAnanI vividha prajAmAMthI dhAnyAhArI varga dhIme dhIme prabaLa thatA jatA hatA, ane aitareya brAhmaNamAM jema eka tarapha prAcIna harizcandrarAjAnA putra sahitanuM ane ene sthAne jInaHzepanuM, alidAna ApavAnI kathA--e brAhmaNa karatAM bahu vadhAre prAcIna kathA--noMdhAelI che, tema khIjI tarapha e kathAnA varNananI DhamamAM ja e jAtanAM balidAnanI nindA sUcavAya che. ane e ja granthamAM khIje sthaLe pazuhemamAMthI kAlakrame dhAnya hAma zI rIte prakaTa thayA enI hakIkata ApI che. e brAhmaNa kahe che puruSaM vai devAH pazumAlabhanta tasmAdAlabdhAnmedha udakrAmat / soDa" prAviAta tamAkhyo meLoDama'.................. | seDavamAhamata......6 mAM prAvittasmAkoneIomavat / te'gAmAlabhanta......so'viM prAvizat tasmAdavirmedhyo'bhavat / te'vimAlabhanta ... lo'jaM prAvizat tasmAdajomedhyo'bhavat / te'jamAlabhanta...so'jAdAlabdhAdudakrAmat sa imAM (pRthivIM ) prAvizat tasmAdiyaM medhyAbhavat / tamasyAmanvagacchan so'nugato vrIhirabhavat / ta eta utkrAntamedhA amedhyAH pazavastasmAdeteSAM nAnIcAt / sa vA eSa pazurevAlabhyate yat puroLAzaH / tasya yAni kizArUNi tAni romANi / ye tuSAH sA tvag / ye phalIkaraNAstadasRk / yatpiSTaM kiknasAstanmAMsam / yatkicitkaM sAraM tadasthi / sarveSAM vA eSa pazUnAM medhena yajate yaH puroLAzena yajate / , arthAt, prathama puruSamedha thatA, emAMthI yajJanuM tattva UDI jaI te kramavAra azvamedha, gAmedha, avimedha, ane ajamedha thayA. Akhare medha (yajJatattva) pRthvImAM dAkhala thayA ane emAMthI dhAnyamAM Avye H dhAnya DAMgara--e enAM cheDAM chUMchAM vagere letAM pazu samAna ja che. ane dhAnyanA purAzathI yajana karavuM e pazuyAga karatAM bilakula UtaratuM nathI. yajJanuM tattva UDI gayA pachI pazue amedhya ( yajJa mATe apavitra) thayAM che. mATe emane khAvAM nahi. A UtArA jema pazuhemane sthAne dhAnyahAma AvyAnuM jaNAve che

Page #748
ahisAdharma 1 tema eka hAmane ThekANe khIjo he|ma zI rIte dAkhala thayA tenI saMkrAntinI rIta paNa batAve che. je uccatara dharmabhAvanA janmI teNe pazuaAmanuM manamanAmaNuM karI ene sthAne dhAnyaheAmane sthApI dIdhAH arthAta dhAnyamAM ja pazunI kalpanA karIne jUnA dharma sAthe dekhIte saMbandha rAkhI vastutaH navA dharma pracalita karyAM. te ja pramANe A samayanuM citra doranAra sUtragranthAmAM paNa madhuparkavidhimAM atithine eka vakhate mAMsa apAtuM ( bhavabhUti uttararAmacaritamAM je smare che e kharI prAcIna sthiti hatI) enuM cihna mAtra eTaluM ja rahyuM ke atithi AgaLa vRSa raju karavAmAM AvatA ane e ene sparza karI cheADI detA. manusmRtimAM bhakSyAbhakSyavicAramAM aneka jAtanAM mAMsanA AhAra varNavyA che. paNa emAM chevaTanA siddhAnta paratve sthiti e jaNAya che ke-- na mAMsa mAne ddo ............. pravRttireSA bhUtAnAM nivRttistu mahAphalA / devAn pitRRMzcArcayitvA khAdan mAMsaM na duSyati / arthAt, mAMsabhakSaNamAM doSa nathI.............;kAraNake e bhUtamAtranI svAbhAvika vRtti che, paNa nivRtti arthAt mAMsatyAga e bahu kuLadAyI che. deva ane pitRnuM ana karI je mAMsa khAya che tene doSa lAgatA nathI. AmAM mAMsabhakSaNamAM deSa nathI' e vAkyanA arthe jarA jhINuMvaTathI samajavAnA che. e vAkayamAM smRtikAranu tAtparyaM` naitika (Moral) dRSTie mAMsabhakSaNane bacAva karavAnuM nathI, paNa prAkRta (Natural) dRSTie e svabhAvasiddha prANidharma che eTaluM ja khatAvavAnuM che. ( hakkSInA * Evolution and Ethics ' nA vAMcanArane A bheda helAIthI samajAze ) A AzayathI e kahe che ke , 6 prANasyAnnamidaM sarvaM prajApatirakalpayat / sthAvaraM jaGgamaM caiva sarva prANasya bhojanam / carANAmannamacarA daMSTriNAmapyadaMSTriNaH / ahastAzca sahastAnAM zUrANAM caiva bhIravaH / nAttA duSyatyadannadhAn prANino'hanyahanyapi / dhAtraiva sRSTA dyadyAzca prANino'ttAra eva ca // tAtparya ke eka khIjAnuM bhakSaNa karavuM e A vizvamAM pravartI rahelA vizvakarmAnA niyama che, paNa A svAbhAvika pravRtti jema bane tema

Page #749
692 ahiMsAdharma zAstrathI niyamAvI joIe te mATe devakArya ane pitRkAryamAM ja smRtikAra ene vidhi kare che. pitRpa mara jAmavA vidhA tattvAriSeNa kartavyaM prazastena prytntH|| ItyAdi. paraMtu A vidhimAMthI dhIme dhIme ene apavAda mAnavA tarapha granthakAra DhaLe che---ane kahe che - madhupake ca yajJe ca pitRdevtkrmnni| atraiva pazavo hiMsyA naanytretybrviinmnuH|| arthAta -ahisA e sAmAnya niyama, ane emAMthI amuka prasaMge apavAda karyA vinA cAlyo nahi mATe apavAda. thA vedavihitA hiMsA niytaa'smiNshcraacre| ahiMlAmeSa tAM vidyAdehAddharmo hi nirbabhau // ema vedavihita hiMsAne svIkAra-devakAryamAM ane pitRkAryamAM- e RtikArathI chUTI zo nahi, tathApi satyadharma-ahiMsAdharma-nI asara enA AtmA upara prabaLa rIte thavA lAgI che; ane je janasamAja jevo hoya te laI ene mATe AcAranA niyamo racavAnI pharaja skRtikAranI na hota te kadAca mAMsane e sarva prasaMge niSedha karatakAraNake e Agrahapura sara kahe che ke - ' svasAMsa paramAMsena yo vrdhyitumicchti| anabhyayaM pitRRna devAMstato'nyo nAstyapuNyakRt / / varSe varSe'zvamedhena yo yajeta zataM smaaH| mAMsAni na khAdayedhastayoH puNyaphalaM samam // mAMsa bhakSayitAmutra yasya mAMsamihAmyaham / etanmAMsasya mAMsatvaM pravadanti manISiNaH / / je mANasa potAnuM mAMsa bIjAnuM mAMsa khAIne vadhAravA Icche che- mAtra pitRone ane devane arcavAnA prasaMga zivAya-tenA karatAM vadhAre pApI bIje keI nathI. varSe varSe eka azvamedha ema so varSa azvamedha yAga je kare, ane je mAMsano tyAga kare-e benuM puNya sarakhuM che. mane (i) e (3) tyAM (paralokamAM) khAze, jene huM ahIM khAuM chuM--e. kAraNathI mAMsane mAM ane sara zabda meLavI "mAM" kahe che.

Page #750
ahiMsAdharma , Ama manusmRtine nirNaya sAmAnyataH mAMsAhAranI viruddha, zrAddhamAM enI tarapha, ane vicArazIla jJAnamAgIne mATe viruddha che. e nirNaya bauddha kALane AraMbhe prajAnA moTA bhAgathI svIkArAto haze ema sUtragrantha ane mahAbhAratAdika granthonA purAvAthI jaNAya che. A khaDabacaDI ane anekamatasaMkula nirNaya-sthitine khulAso zodhavA jaIzuM te simple' mAMthI "complex' e nyAye nahi paNa "complex mAMthI "complex" e nyAye maLazeH arthAta, A eka ja bIjanuM vRkSa nathI, paNa aneka vaheNa ekaThAM thaI saravara bharAyuM che; balake aneka raMganA takhta ekaThA thaI paTa vaNAya che. enuM pRthakakaraNa karIe te kAMIka A pramANe sthiti jaNAya che' (1) mAMsAhAra ane mAMsavaDe devayajana e aneka prAkRta lokane svabhAvasiddha AcAra hato; (2) e AcAra upara bIjI saMskArI prajAnA vA e ja prajAnA saMskArI varganA AcAra vicAranI asara thatAM-mAMsane upayoga kamI thayo; (3) paNa pUrvajanI smRtirUpa ane tethI rUDhine jemAM svAbhAvika rIte ja adhika prAdhAnya maLe, evI zrAddhanI kriyAmAM hajI e cAlu rahyA. (4) te ja pramANe, jeo dharmanA UMcA vicAra sudhI caDhI zakyA nahi, ane amuka balidAna ApIza te deva prasanna thaze ane amuka nahi karuM te kuddha thaze ityAdi svArthe ane vahemanA nIca dharmamAM ja bharAI rahyA, teoe devatArAdhanamAM mAMsane upaga cAlu rAkhe. (5) paNa jeo zuddha bhakti ane tatvacintanane mArge caDhyA teoe tRtIya-caturthAzrama svIkArI emAM mAMsane sarvathA tyAga karyo. je ucca dharmabhAvanAe mAMsAhAra ane mAMsanAM balidAna ghaTADavAmAM ane sAmAnya rIte hindu dharmane ahiMsAvimukha karavAmAM atyAra sudhI bhAga lIdhe hato, e ja dharmabhAvanA A arasAmAM bhAratavarSane dina para dina adhika mukta karatI jatI hatI. e bhAvanAnA judA judA pravAhavikIe - (1) upaniSadee yajJayAgane havAle jJa A yajJarUpI heDIo DUbADe evI che-ema kahIne yajJa ane yajJa sAthe hiMsAne niSedhI hatI, athavA te e ja udeza yajJano AdhyAtmika draSTie artha karIne sAdhyuM hatuM. mULa, upaniSad tRtIya ke caturtha Azrama mATe ja

Page #751
- - 694. ahiMsAdharma jAelAM hatAM ema nizcayapUrvaka kahI zakAtuM nathI--ema na hatuM ema huM mAnuM chuM--paNa uttarAzramamAM, jyAre vRtti pAkatI tyAre ja ene upayoga kharekhare ane ghaNe bhAge thate ema te kharuM. tethI A ahiMsAdharma ene pUrNa svarUpamAM uttarAthamIone ja dharma hato, (caturthAzramamAM praveza karatI vakhate prathama pratijJA sarvabhUta mAtrane abhayadAna karavAnI ja hatI) ema kahIe te cAle. A ja kAraNathI rAjAnI mRgayA Azrama AvatAM aTakI jatI ane koI paNa prANIne duHkha karavuM e Azramadharma viruddha che ema manAtuM. A uttarAzramane dharma e AzramamAM paLAya ane chatAM bAkInA Azrama upara enI kAMI asara ja na thAya ema bane nahi; e AzramanA ghaNuM uttama dharmo gRhasthAzramamAM vidhi tarIke mukAyA nahotA, tyAre paNa gRhasthAzramamAM aneka janoe e pALavA mAMDayA hatA ane tulAdhAra je jAtie vaizya hato e jAjali muni sAthenA saMvAdamAM pazuyAne "kSAtrayajJa" kahe che. manusmRtinI haidhIbhAvanI sthiti emanI ema paDI rahe e zakaya ja nahotuM. ahiMsAdharma eka khuNethI praveza karyo hota te paNa te dharma parivarta karI zakata-paNa A te hindu dharmane madhya sthAne-paMcamahAyajJanA anuSThAnamAM ja--ene spaSTa vAsa hato. ane manu mahArAja paripUrNa ahiMsAdharmaparyanta na pahoMcI zakyA, tathApi emaNe AryadharmanuM mukha te e dizAnuM ja svIkAryuM hatuM. samasta prajA ekadama e ucca bhUmikAe na pahoMcI zakI, tathApi enA saMskArI chAe joyuM ke na bhUtAnAmahiMsAyA jyAyAn dharmo'sti kazcana / yasmAnnodvijate loko jAtu kiMcit kathaMcana / so'bhayaM sarvabhUtebhyaH samprApnoti mahAmune |-m. bhA. =prANImAtranI ahisA-e karatAM caDhIAte bIje kaI dharma nathI. keI paNa prANuM kaI paNa rIte je mANasathI trAsa na pAme te mANasa sava prANI mAtrathI paNa abhaya pAme che. A ekAtika-sarvathA-ahisAdhamAM vedaviruddha che ema vedadharmanA ekadezI jJAnavALAne kadAcita lAge, ane jAjaline lAgyuM, tyAre enA uttaramAM tulAdhAre kahyuM - nArika trANita na yajJaM ca vinindAmi yajJavittu sudurlabhaH /

Page #752
ahiMsAdharma namo brAhmaNayajJAya ye ca yajJavido janAH / svayajJa brAhmaNA hitvA kSatrayajJamihAsthitAH / lubdhairarthaparaibrahman nAstikaiH saMpravartitam / vedavAdAnavijJAya satyAbhAsamivAnRtam / yadeva sukRtaM dravyaM tena tuSyanti devatAH / he jAjali! huM brAhmaNanA dharma pratye nAstikatA dharAvanAra nathI. tema yajJanI nindA paNa karatuM nathI. paNa khare yajJa zo che e samajanAra bahu durlabha che. brAhmaNayane huM namuM chuM, ane yajJa te zuM che e kharekhara jANanArAone paNa huM namuM chuM. A te brAhmaNe pitAne-brAhmaNa-yajJa choDI kSatriyone yajJa pakaDI beThA che. tema badhA karatA nathI, paNa jeo lobhI, popa karanArA ane kharuM jotAM nAstika che tevA brAhmaNoe ja e pravartAvyo che; te vedane khare siddhAnta na samajIne, ane kheTAne kharuM karI besADIne....je sukRta-vinA pApe kareluM-haviddana che te thakI ja devatAo prasanna thAya che. mahAbhAratamAM uchavRtti RSinA AkhyAnamAM AkhyAnAne sAra e kADho ke-hisA thakI heTAmAM moTuM tapa paNa nAza pAme che, "taramati = caNiyA'. vaLI e ja pustakamAM eka purAtana itihAsa" rUpe vicamyu rAjAne upadeza ne che-emAM e rAjAe eka yajJavATamAM gAyane vilApa sAMbhaLI gAyane abhayadAna ApyuM ke-"rAtti joDatu s"--ane pachI e AzIrvAdanuM vivecana karyuM ke avyavasthitamaryAdaivimUr3hanAstikarnaraiH / saMzayAtmabhiravyaktairhisA samanuSaNitA // sarvakarmasvahiMsA hi dharmAtmA manurabravIt / kAmakArA hi hiMsanti bahivaidyAM pazyannarAH // tasmAt pramANataH kAryoM dharmaH sUkSmo vijaantaa| ahiMsA sarvabhUtebhyo dharmabhyo jyAyasI matA // nirmayAda cUrNa ane nAstika, saMzayathI bharelA ane spaSTa samajaNa vinAnA, evA janee A hiMsAdharma calAvyo che. manu te sarve karmamAM ahisAne ja upadeza kare che. yajJavATamAM jeo pazuone haNe che te, zuddha dharma na oLakhIne ane amuka kAmanAothI ja mATe samaju mANase

Page #753
ahiMsAdharma pramANapura sara sUma dharma samajI laIne e ja Acare joIe; ane e dharma te e ke- ahiMsA sarvabhUtebhyo dharmabhyo jyAyasI matA // sarva prANa pratye dayA e anya dharma karatAM zreSTha che. tyAre A hisAyA kyAMthI AvyA? enA uttaramAM kahe che? surA matsyo madhu mAMsamAsavaH kRzaraudanam / dhRtaH pravartitaM hyetat naitavedeSu kalpitam / mAnAn mohAcca lobhAcca laulyametat prakalpitam / surA mAMsAdika dhUrtoe pravartAvyAM che. vedamAM e che ja nahi. ane e lIlyanuM kAraNa emanAM mAna meha ane lobha. (2) Ama eka tarapha jJAnadharma pazuhamane ninya TharAvate hatA, tema bIjI tarapha e ja kArya bhaktipradhAna bhAgavata pantha karato hato. bhagavakitAmAM yajJa e AkhA vizvanI bhAvanA thaI jAya che; ane e pheraphAra apUrva vicAraparivartana nahote, paNa vedanA brAhmaNa bhAgamAM yajJanuM je svarUpa batAvyuM che tenuM ja emAM skuTarUpe pratipAdana thatuM hatuM. hiMsAtmaka yajJa sAme bhAgavata dharmane virodha mahAbhAratanA nArAyaNIya parvamAM sArI rIte jaNAya che. emAM vasu uparicara nAme rAjAnA yajJanuM varNana che emAM kahyuM che ke - na tatra pazudhAto'bhUt sa rAjaivaM sthito'bhavat / vaLI, bhAgavatadharmamAM pazuhisAno niSedha keTalA AgrahathI karavAmAM Avyo hato e zrImadbhAgavatanA nAradamuni ane prAcInabahiSa rAjAnA saMvAdamAMthI jaNAI Ave che. e saMvAdamAM rAjA jeNe asaMkhya yajJo karyA hatA tene nArada kahe che - bho bho prajApate rAjana pazUn pazya tvayAdhvare / pitA vidhAna nijena rada che. ete tvAM saMpratIkSante smaranto vaizasaM tava / saMparetamaya:kUTaizchindantyutthitamanyavaH / = "he rAjA ! te nirdayatAthI hajAre pazuone yajJamAM mAryA che e jeH teo, tArI karatA saMbhArIne, yAre e mare ke A loDhAnAM zAthI ene kApIe-ema krodhathI bharAI, paralokamAM tArI vATa jotAM beThAM che."

Page #754
ahiMsAdharma ' (3) Ama aupaniSada ane bhAgavata upadeza pazuhomane jorathI ninda che, paNa teonuM kArya pUrepUruM phatehamanda thAta ja nahi, je hindu dharmanA madhya bhAgamAM ja-dehamAM vAMsAnI kare che tema-ene TekavI rAkhanAra joItI anukUlatA na hota te. e anukUlatA vedanA brAhmaNa bhAganA vA te karatAM paNa kadAca pUrvanA kALathI cAlatA AvelA pacamahAyajJanA dharmamAM rahelI hatI. e paMcamahAyajJamAMnA bhUtayajJamAM prANImAtranI badhutA anubhavavA mATe-pazupaMkhI ane kITa paryantane-gRhastha jAte pratidina annadAna karavAne vidhi hato. A pratidina anubhavAtA badhubhAve paMcayajJamAM ahisAne pahelI mUkI hatI- ane e paMcayajJa brAhmaNa, jaina, ane bauddha sarvanuM ekasarakhuM dhana che, lagabhaga ekaja zabdomAM enuM pratipAdana thayuM che. vaLI A ahiMsAdharmanI bhAvanAe prajAnA zrauta yajJa upara paNa ghaNI asara karIH varSane jude jude tusAdhine kALe kRtimAM je yajJa karavAnA kahyA hatA temAM bahu bhAge pazunuM balidAna ApavAmAM AvatuM ene sthAne dhAnyane prayoga dAkhala thaye-ane zauta yajJoe dhIme dhIme, kALa jatAM, smArTa utsavonuM rUpa lIdhuM. (4) Ama aupaniSada bhAgavata ane pacayajJAnukAnanA dha ahiMsAdharmane vistAryo. paNa A mArgamAM vahetuM sAthI heTAmAM heTuM vaheNu mahAvIra svAmI ane gautama buddhe pravartAvelA upadezarUpI che. gautama buddha hiMsA karatAM paNa vizALa anartharUpa je vAsanA yA ahaMbuddhi (AtmavAda') -jemAMthI svarganI lAlasA ane svargathe yajJa utpanna thAya che te upara -mULamAM ja-kuhADe mAryo---ane prAcIna aupaniSada vairAgyadharma cAre varNamAM vistAryo; Ama "AtmavAda ane vAsane sAthe hiMsA paNa kADhI. mahAvIra svAmIe saMsAra ane karmanAM badhUna teDavA mATe tapano mahimA kahyo; paNa emanA AkhA dharmane mekhare-paMcavatamAM mukhya vrata- ahisAne mUkI. A vratane svIkAra emanA pahelAMthI cAlate AvatA hatuM, paNa emaNe ene evo samartha upadeza karyo ke aupaniSada ane bhAgavata dharmanI bahAra-manusmRtimAM varNavI che tevI-je daidhIbhAvanI sthiti pravartatI hatI temAMthI dezanA mhoTA bhAgane tAryo; hajAre strI-puruSoe hiMsA paramo dharma' e siddhAntane jIvanane mahAmanna karyo, ane Aja hiMdusthAna ahiMsAdharmanA AcAravaDe ja pRthvInA sarva dezothI je judA aMkAI Ave che e mahimA ghaNe bhAge mahAvIra svAmIne che. gautama buddha ane mahAvIra svAmInA upadezane ja pratApe, prANIonI hisA na 88

Page #755
ahiMsAdharma karavI eTaluM ja nahi, paNa prANIone sukhI karavAM evI bhAvanA azoka rAjAnA vakhatamAM dezamAM spaSTa sthapAI gaelI ApaNe joIe chIe. e rAjAe pote mAMsAhAra tyaje eTaluM ja nahi paNa pazuone mATe auSadhazALAo bAMdhI jemAMthI ApaNuM pAMjarApoLanI saMsthA utpanna thaI che. paNa azokanuM sAmrAjya e kharekhara "dharmacakrapravartana" rUpa hatuM ane tethI emAM julamI kAyadA karatAM hadayanA upadezathI kArya karAvavAnI rIta vizeSa hoI, hindusthAnanA sarva bhAgamAMthI pazuhiMsA sarvathA lupta thaI gaI haze ema anumAna karI zakAtuM nathI. game tema ho, paNa enAM samaya pachI hindudharmanA veta kIrtipaTa upara zyAma chAMTA dekhAyA kare che. . anukazmAmRdu' paNa "pazumAraNakarmadhAraNa" zrotriya kAlidAsanA samayamAM paNa che. azvamedha yajJa vacce vacce thatA jAya che, ane pazuhAma karmane saMpradAya brAhmaNanA keTalAka vargamAM thoDeghaNe paNa cAlyA kare haze ema nizaMka anumAna thAya che. kAdaMbarI-je lAMbA samAsa, lAMbA vAka, ane eka zabdanA aneka artha samajavAnI buddhinI vyAyAmazALA ja ke manahara varNanene citrapaTa nathI--e hindusthAnanI te samayanI dhArmika sthiti upara bahu prakAza nAMkhe che. emAMthI eka tarapha jAbAli muninA AzramanuM ane bIjI tarapha kAviDa dhArmikatA nivAsasthAnanuM, eka tarapha mahAIvetAnA zivAlayanuM ane bIjI tarapha e ja drAviDa dhArmikanI caMDikAnA maMdiranuM varNana mUkaze to hindusthAnanA melA ane UjaLA bane dharmavibhAganuM darzana thaze, ane emAM khare Arya dharma te UjaLe che, ane melo dharma bahuzaH anArya--ane te UtaratI jAtinA anArya-no ja che e abhiprAya pratIta thavA vinA raheze nahi. A avalokanane hetu ahisA paratve ApaNuM dezanI kharI aitihAsika sthiti varNavavAne che. e sthiti bahudhA ahisApradhAna che ane ene pariNAme baMgAla, paMjAba, kAzmIra ane sindha bAda karatAM hindusthAnanA maheTA bhAge-khAsa karI enA dvijavaNuM-hiMsA tyajI dIdhI che. e sthiti sAdhavAmAM aupaniSada ane bhAgavata dharma, tema ja paMca mahAyajJanA anuSThAnarUpa smArtadharma (brAhmaNakALathI cAlato Avele)-eoe ghaNe bhAga lIdho che; ane e ja dizAmAM sauthI mAnavaMtuM kArya jainadharma karyuM che. ane e dharma ahiMsAne ApeluM prAdhAnya suprasiddha che eTale jaina granthomAMthI huM e vacana TAMkIne tamAre vakhata levA mAgatA nathI. hindu zAstramAM kaI kaI sthaLe mAMsAhAra ane mAMsabalidAnanAM vAkyo joIne mUMjhAvAnuM nathI--e kAramI mahA asiAnI kharI aitihAsika

Page #756
ahiMsAdharma vAya upara DhAMkapIchoDe nAMkhavAne aprAmANika mArga levAnuM kAMI ja kAraNa nathI; vastutaH e e vAkayo te te samayanI vastusthitinA mAtra anuvAda rUpa che-arthAta pracalita AcAra e noMdhe che, paNa e AcAra sAre che kema e prazna jyAM UThe che tyAM-aupaniSada, bhAgavata, paMcamahAyajJAdika dharma-jaina dharmanI peThe ja eka ahisAne ja vidhi kare che. ane je vidhi te ja ApaNuM kartavya; anuvAda te prAkRta sthitine paNa heya. sagRhastho, A ahiMsAdharmane ApaNuM dezane ItihAsa ApavAmAM meM Apane ghaNe vakhata , paNa tema karavAmAM bhAre mukhya hetu kevala vyAvahArika ja che, ane te e sUcavavAno ke e dharma brAhmaNa ane jaina baMnene che--jenee e saMpUrNa jIvanamAM utAryo che, te brAhma e ene dharmabhAvanA tarIke mAnya karyo che, je ke teo ene saMpUrNa amalamAM lAvI zakyA nathI. te have brAhmaNonI pharaja che ke teoe jaine sAthe maLI e dharmane jIvanamAM saMpUrNa svIkAra karavo joIe. have huM A viSayanI keTalIka vyavahArU bAju upara AvuM chuM: dazerAne divase purakAre, tema ja mAnatA vagere bIje aneka prasaMge devInAM mandiremAM, pazuhisA thAya che te aTakAvavAnA vyavahArU sUcanAo zAnithI ane upadezathI prayatna karavA joIe? kAraNa ke ApaNuM vizuddha dharma upara hiMsA kalaMka rUpa che. dasesane divase pADe (mahiSa) mAravAthI devIe karelo mahiSAsurano vadha ApaNe anubhavIzuM nahie vadhano sAkSAtkAra tyAre ja thaze ke jyAre ajJAnarUpI pADe-je yamarAja(mRtyu) nuM vAhana kahevAya che te pADAne vadha karIzuM. devI AgaLa nirdoSamAM nirdoSa prANuM asaMkhya bicArAM bakarAMone reMsIzu tethI ApaNuM kalyANa thavAnuM nathI. kharI ajA" te "sAme sTohitazukags' e vetAzvatara zrutimAM varNavelI anAdisiddha sattva rajas ane tamasUnI banelI prakRti che-ene vidAravI, ane enA saMbandhathI avidyohita anAdisiddha caitanya aja' rUpa je jIva bane che tene nAza karavo-e ja kharU balidAna che. paNa AjakAla-je ke pUrve paNa tema na hatuM ema nahi-katalakhAnAmAM asaMkhya prANuone vadha thAya che tyAM pUta yajJahisA aTakAvavAthI ja santoSa mAnya kema cAlaze ? e yajJahisA ane e katalakhAnAM aTakAvavA jarUranAM che, paNa ene khare mArga mArA namra mata pramANe dezI rAjyone

Page #757
700. ahiMsAdharma ane briTiza sarakArane arajI upara arajI karavI ke bakarI Ida sAme sulehano bhaMga kare e nathI. keI paNa dharmane AcAra kharA hRdayamAMthI udbhave nahi tyAM sudhI enI kAMI ja kimata nathI. dezamAM ahiMsAne upadeza vistAra ane pazuhema ane katalakhAnA enI meLe jatAM rahe evuM kare. zukravAranA meLAmAM ane paryuSaNanA tahevAramAM katalakhAne laI javAtAM pazuone-khATakIne mamhoMmAgyuM dravya ApI choDAvavAmAM Ave che. e khoTuM nathI; jyAM sudhI ApaNAmAM dravyanI darakAra na karatI, ane arthazAstranA niyamothI na aMjAtI, evI tIvra jIvadayAnI lAgaNuM che tyAM sudhI ja jIvadayAne vAvaTo ApaNe Ubhe rAkhI zakIzuM. paNa lAgaNI sAthe vicAra bheLavIne, ApaNuM dayAne kharekhara dayArUpa karIe ane khATakIonA khIsAM ApaNe evI rIte na bharIe ke jene pariNAme vadhAre che kharIdI vadhAre jorathI pitAne dhandho teo calAvI zake, te mATe ApaNe saMbhALa rAkhavI joIe. hiMsA eTale kevaLa prANa haravA ema nathI. prANane hAni yAne keAI paNa prakAranI zArIrika vyathA e hisA che, ane tethI mUMgAM prANIone paDatAM dukhe jema bane tema TALavA ApaNe manuSyoe prayatna karavo joIe. ApaNA jIvanavyavahAramAM pazuo sAdhanabhUta thAya che. temAM e je kAma Ape che tenA badalAmAM ApaNe emane khorAka ApIe chIe, paNa manuSya tarIke ApaNuM pharaja mAtra e badalo vALavA karatAM AgaLa jAya che. jyAre e prANIo rega, vRddhAvasthA vagere kAraNathI ApaNane nakAmAM thAya che tyAre paNa emanuM pAlana karavAnI ApaNI pharaja che. e pharaja svIkArI ApaNe pAMjarApoLo bAMdhI che, paNa enI durthavasthA ghaNI vakhata ahiMsAdharmavimukha jana taraphathI hAsI utpanna kare che. e durvyavasthAmAM eka kAraNa adhurI dravyazakti hoya che, paNa vizeSamAM ajJAna paNa emAM thaDe bhAga letuM nathI. e pAMjarApoLa arvAcIna pazuvaidyaka ane sAmAnya ArogyazAstra tathA jatuzAstrano pUrepUro lAbha laIne kAma kare te A khoDADheranAM naraka sundara pazupaMkhIothI vaselA bagIcAo banI jAya. bezaka, e kAmane enI zreSTha bhUmikAe pahoMcADavA mATe adhika dravya joIe, paNa e dravya AvI maLaze-tyAre AvI maLaze ke jyAre dravyane sAre upayoga thaze ema taTastha prajAne vizvAsa Avaze; tathA e sthAnamAM jovA AvanAra strIpune A pazunAM sthAna manuSyanAM vasatigRhe ane hospiTalo jevAM dekhAze, ane pazu ane

Page #758
ahiMsAdharma se1 manuSya vacce te badhubhAvane anubhava utpanna karI zakaze. pazuo bicArAM gharaDAM, AMdhaLAM ke pAMgaLAM thaI jAya tyAre ApaNuM gharakharcane baje UtAravA mATe pAMjarApoLamAM mekalavAM e jIvadayA nathI; balka pAMjarApoLa upara jeTale kharcane be khaseDavAmAM Ave teTalA pUratI e jIvahiMsA che ema kahIe to paNa cAle. te mATe pazu rAkhanAra dareka dhanavAna gRhasthanI pharaja che ke pazune pAMjarApoLamAM mokalavAmAM Ave tyAre enA bAkInA jIvana nirvAha karavA mATe joItAM pUratAM nANuM (hAla keTaleka sthaLe nAmanI rakama apAya che tema nahi) e saMsthAmAM dharmAdA ApavAM. A vyavasthA pUrepUrI amalamAM mUkavAmAM Ave te pAMjarApoLamAM kevaLa dharmAdA tarIke nibhAvavAmAM mAtra garIba kheDUtonAM ane rabArInAM Dhera ja rahe, ane emane ja kharI rIte AvA dharmAdA kharca upara haka che. bIjuM-janAvara pratye krUratA aTakAvavAnA kAyadAne amala karAvavAmAM sarva jIvadayA saMsthAe cAlAka rahevuM joIe. pazuo upara zakti karatAM vadhAre bhAra na bhara, zakti karatAM vadhAre kalAka kAma na levuM, zarIre cAMdAMvALAM ke page khoDaMgAtAM pazuo jovAmAM Ave te enA dhaNane enAthI kAma letAM aTakAva; eTaluM ja nahi paNa eTalAmAM kartavyasamApti na mAnatAM e pazune pAMjarApoLamAM laI jaI enI sAravAra karI sAju karI dhaNune soMpavuM. ghAMcI, kubhAra, gADIvALA vagere garIba sthitinA paNa dhaMdhAdAra zaherI lokeAnAM prANIonI sAravAra karavAmAM emanI sthitinA pramANamAM teo pAsethI kharca levuM. paNa A eka pAMjarApoLanuM jarUrI kartavya mAnavuM ane te mATe pharatA InspekaTara rAkhavA. pazuo mATenI dayA lokamAM kharekharI keLavAze tyAre ja gAmamAMthI kUtarAM ekaThAM karavA uparAMta pAMjarApoLanuM ghaNuM kartavya che e samajavAmAM Avaze. A sivAya pazuonI jAti sudhAravI ene paNa huM jIvadayAnA kAryamAM gaNuM chuM. jema dAktarane dharma mAtra roga maTADavAne ja nathI, paNa rega thatA aTakAvavA ane prajAnI taMdurastI vadhAravAnuM che, tema jIvadayAnA khAtAe gAmaDAMmAM pharI, DheranI sthitithI jANItA thaI emane rAkhavAnI rItamAM kheDUto pAse sudhAre karAvI, tathA arega ane balavAna pazusaMtati thAya tevI goThavaNa karI-pazupAlananI bhAvI muzkelIo prathamathI ochI karavAnAM pagalAM bharavAM joIe. A bAbatamAM hAlanI sthiti mATe kadAca kheDUtonuM dAridya javAbadAra haze, paNa emanuM ajJAna paNa emAM kAraNabhUta che, ane mULa anupAyatA paNa ghaNAM varSo cAlyA na dhaNIne eka vADhanAM prANI che. paNa A pazuo

Page #759
72 AhasAdharma karavAthI ajJAna rUpe jAmI gaI che ema lAge che. e dUra karavA ApaNuM khAtAe sarakAranA veTarinari (pazuvaidyaka) ane egrIkalcarala (kRSi) khAtAnI madada levI joIe, tema e khAtAne madada ApavI joIe. Ama sarakAra sAthe gUMthAIne kAma karavA uparAMta prajAnA sarva bhAgane ApaNuM kArya pratye AkarSavAnI jarUra che. te mATe mArI eka e sUcanA che--jouM chuM te pramANe " be hyumeniTeriyana lIga" taraphathI e amalamAM paNa mUkAI cUkI che-te e ke dharma ane jAtine bheda bAjupara mUkI dezI videzI, khristI, hindu, brAhmaNa, jaina, pArasI, musalamAna sarvanI A pavitra kAryamAM je je rIte madada maLI zake te te rIte te levI. keTalAka umadA pArasI gRha -jema ke ApaNuM mitra zeTha khA. ba. AdarajI bhaceracha dalAla tathA mI. vImA dalAla emaNe te A kArya pitAnuM ja karyuM che, ane emanA saMbaMdhathI A saMsthAnA sthApakane bahu utsAha maLe che, paNa sAmAnya rIte pArasI gRhastha "vejiTeriyana- dhAnTeka AhArI-na thAya ane mAtra gAya mAtAnA rakSaNa jeTalI ja bhadada Ape che te paNa bahu kimatI madada tarIke mAnavI. aSo jarathu upadezelA dharmamAM khetInA dhaMdhAne je mahattA ApI che ane tene aMge gAya vagere pazunuM pAlana karavAnI je pharaja batAvI che--te asAdhAraNa mApanI ane bahu prazaMsAne pAtra che. ane ApaNuM pArasI badhuonI sahAnubhUti meLavavAmAM Ave te pAMjarApoLe sudhAravAmAM e bAhoza koma bahu udAra ane samartha sAhya ApI zake, te ja pramANe yuropiyanA maheTA bhAgane mAMsaparihAra ke kheDAM DheranI sevA pasaMda na paDe, paNa sAjAM pazune bilakula duHkhI thavA na devAM e bAbatamAM teonI lAgaNI bahu tIvra hoya che, ane eTalA pUratI emanI madada levAmAM Ave to te bahu upayogI thavA saMbhava che. Ama vizALa pAyA upara, nave dhAraNe ane navI vidyAthI-paNa svadezI hRdayathI-A jIvadayAnI saMsthA ApaNe calAvavI joIe. bahene ane badhuo, huM dIlagIra chuM ke mAruM bhASaNa mArA dhAryA karatAM, ane Apa sahana karI zake che. karatAM, lAMbuM thayuM. huM e have ekadama baMdha karuM chuM; mAtra sArarUpe traNa muddA raju karuM chuM - (1) ahisA lAbhakArI che; paNuM lAbhakArI ho vA nA he; e vANijya nathI, dharma che.

Page #760
ahiMsAdharma 703 (2) hindusthAnamAM-jema hAla tema prAcIna kALamAM-ahiMsAdharma pUrepUre paLA nathI e kharuM. paNa temAM kAraNa keTalIka aitihAsika ane anivArya mAnasika sthiti che. Arya anArya sarva dharma eka ja dharacanAmAM saMgrahavA e heluM na hatuM; tema deva ane pitRo rakhene nArAja thaze e bhayathI keTalAka ati prAcIna rivAje, ahiMsAdharma vistaryo chatAM paNa, sAmAnya janasamAjamAM cAlu rahyA. ucca saMskArI jananA AcAramAMthI e dhIme dhIme nIkaLI gayA. A vAstavika aitihAsika sthiti che. paNa emAM hindu dharmanuM lakSya te hamezAM ahisA tarapha ja rahyuM che ane pRthvI upara ahiMsAdharmanuM sauthI vadhAremAM vadhAre paripAlana karanAra deza te hindusthAna che. (3) ahiMsAdharma e mAtra hadayanI vRtti nathI. paNa magajanI pejanA ane hAthanI kriyA che. mATe dezakALane anusarI prajAnA keI paNa varganI lAgaNuM duHkhAya nahi e rIte, tathA anukULatAne pUrepUre upa ga karIne eTale ke sarakAranI tema ja prajAnA sarva varganI madada meLavana-e dharmane ApaNuM vyavahAramAM mUrtimanta karavo joIe. A mATe--huM sArI rIte samajuM chuM ke mArA bhASaNa karatAM bahu samartha preraka baLa Apane joIze. e baLa hidusthAnanA hRdayabhUta AryavartanA mahAkavi ane bhaktadhuraMdhara zrI tulasIdAsajI karatAM keNuM vadhAre samartha zabdamAM ApI zakaze? dayA dharmako mUla hai, pApa mUla abhibhAna / tulasI dayA na chor3iye, jaba laga ghaTameM prAna // yAdevIsarvabhUteSu dayArUpeNa saMsthitA / mATe-ramata ramata ramaetaOM namo namaH | (saptazatI) [vasanta, kArtika saM. 1974]

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90% takhtayajJa tatyA * baheno ane bhAIo, ApanA AcArya ane mahArA mitra kRpalAnIjIe je madhura ane ane premabharyA zabdomAM mane AvakAra Apyo, ane Apa sahu je AdarathI mahArA be bela sAMbhaLavAnI utsukatA darzAve che, te mATe emane tema ja tamAre huM AbhAra mAnuM chuM. kharekhara, tamArA abhyAsanI kAmamAM mahArA bhASaNathI vikSepa paDe ema huM icchate nAte ja ane e vakhata levAne mahAre haka nathI ema mane lAgatuM hatuM. paNa pachIthI mane vicAra AvyuM ane ApanA AcArya enuM samarthana karyuM ke A prAcIna bhAvanAne anusaranArI saMsthAmAM AcAryanA mitra atithi thaIne Ave to ziSTajanaAgamana nimitta adhyAya paLAya emAM doSa nathI. hAlanA vyutpattizAstranI dRSTie beTI rIte, paNa vyavahArazAstranI daSTie bahu sUcaka rIte, "atithi'-zabdano artha eka tithithI vadhAre rahe nahi te e karavAmAM Ave che. huM paNa e atithi dharmanuM rahasya dhyAnamAM rAkhI ApanI thoDI kSaNa ja laIza. ApanI A saMsthAmAM prAcIna hindane ItihAsa ane saMskRtine viSaya sahu vidyArthIone mATe pharajiyAta che ke nahi e huM jANute nathI. ghaNuM karIne nahi hoya ema dhAruM chuM. tethI mahArI eka namra sUcanA che ke e viSayane pharajiyAta to na kare paraMtu ene mATe eka nhAnI sarakhI-dazeka vyAkhyAnanI-eka vyAkhyAnamALA te rAkho ja, jethI : vidyApIThamAM keLavAIne bahAra paDatA vidyArthIo prAcIna hindanuM gaurava sArI rIte samajhIne nIkaLe. ApaNe dharma e atiprAcIna kALathI cAlI Avelo saMskArI jIvanano pravAha che. e saMskArI jIvananuM prabhavasthAna veda che ane veda eTale saMhitA brAhmaNa ane upaniSad. emAMthI eka paNa aMga vinA veda ane tethI ApaNuM dhArmika jIvana apUrNa rahe che. saMhitA eTale bhakti, brAhmaNa eTale karma, ane upaniSada eTale jJAna, bhakti karma ane ja amadAvAdamAM rASTrIya vidyApIThanA mahAvidyAlayamAM A lekhane aMte mUkeluM sUradAsanuM pada IzvaraprArthanArUpe gavAyA pachI, vidyArthIone saMbodhIne ApeluM dhArmika vyAkhyAna. mULa koIke keIka sthaLe jarA vistArI lIdhuM che. sArI Avaze dha sarakArI chAtramAMthI sahita

Page #762
tantuyajJa 705 jJAna maLIne ApaNuM dhArmika jIvana paripUrNa thAya che, ane tethI e jIvana mATe ApaNe e traNe prasthAna sevavAM joI e. paratu veda te paNa ApaNAM dharmanAM sUtrA ja. pachInA ApaNA dharmanA itihAsa te e sUtra upara bhASya. ane bhASya eTale mAtra vidyuti yAne satrArthakathana ja nahiM, paNa pariSkAra ane paripUrti. A pariSkAra ane paripUrtinI saghaLI zreNiemAM ApaNe atyAre karI zakIe eTaleA samaya nathI. mAtra eka ja je mane A kSaNe sphurI Ave che te laI e. * vedanA saMgraha karyo pachI vyAsajIe purANu ane itihAsanA saMgraha karyAM. kahyuM che ke itihAsapurANAbhyAM vedaM samupabRMhayet / bibhetyalpazrutAdvedo mAmayaM praha (ta) riSyati // = itihAsa ane purANu thakI vaidyanuM samupabRhaNa karavuM. je mANasa thADuMka ja arthAt kevaLa veda ja jANe che ane jeNe maheALuM zravaNa--itihAsa purANAdikanuM--karyuM nathI tenAthI vaida hIe che ke rakhene A mhArA dhAta kare, mhane chetare. itihAsa eTale ke mahAbhArata ane purANu e emAM paheluM kayuM enA nirNaya karavAnA atyAre yatna nahi karIe. hamaNAM ja eka vidvAne purANu pahelAM ema pratipAdana karyuM che. mahAbhAratanA anukramaNikAparvamAM AvuM vacana che. cAturvaNyavidhAnaM ca purANAnAM ca kRtsnazaH / ...... ...... ityAdi. e jotAM purANu pahelAM ane mahAbhArata pachI ema anumAna nIkaLe che. paraMtu je purANeAnA ullekha ahIM tema ja upaniSade ane brAhmaNu suddhAMmAM thayeA che te purANu te hAlanAM purANA nahi, paNa enI mUlabhUta AkhyAyikAo. bhASAdika Antara pramANu jotAM paNa hAlanAM purANAnA saMgraha hAlanA mahAbhAratanA saMgrahanI pachInA che. paraMtu purANeAnI dRSTi devAmAM vicare che teTale aMze e, mahAbhAratanI dRSTi je manuSyanA aihika jIvananA paulecananI dRSTi che, tenA karatAM purANI che. jema hAmare devAne vargamAMthI pRthvI upara UtAryAM, tema vyAsajIe devAmAM vicaratI purANI dRSTine mahAbhAratamAM pRthvI para lAvI mUkI. paraMtu mahAbhAratamAM-- sarvanta = madhye vari sarvatra nIte '----ema kRSNa bhagavAnane sUtradhAra banAvI enA mahimA gAyA, 89

Page #763
takhtayajJa te paNa samagra harivaMzanuM kIrtana karavuM bAkI rahyuM. e mahAbhAratanA pariziSTarUpa harivaMzamAM karyuM. paNa "nigamata" nuM rasa TapakatuM phaLa je zukadevajIe cAkhyuM ane jene rasa hajI pRthvI upara vahyA ja kare che te bhAgavata. mi. hAma nAmanA eka jANItA pAdarI banArasa yunivarsiTimAM AvyA hatA-je ghaNuM karIne ahIM paNa AvyA hatA--emaNe karelAM hindu dharma saMbadhI keTalAMka pratipAdananA uttaramAM paMDita mAlavIyAjIe bhAgavatanA zloka upara lekanI madhura dhArA varSAvavA mAMDI tyAre ati thaI mi. hyuma vAraMvAra kahevA lAgyA ke "huM AmAMnuM kAMI ja jANato nahote. aMgrejImAM A amane kema ApavAmAM AvatuM nathI ?" bhAgavatane H[8441 447 Goy Msal len, 'Sacred Books of the East mAM e mahAna grantha dAkhala thayo nathI, e pazcimanA vidvAnonI jaDatA jaNAve che, bhAgavatane vAstavika mahimA ethI ghaTatuM nathI. ahIMthI AgaLa gaMgAnA vizALa paTamAMthI nahAnI nahAnI nahere nIkaLe che, je vizALa nathI paNa UMDI te che. paraMtu enA anusaraNa mATe atyAre vakhata nathI. * kaho te have rUpaka badalIe. A vIthimAM je citra jotA jotA ApaNe cAlIe chIe temAMnuM eka pAchaLa gaeluM citra, jenA upara ApaNuM najara barAbara TharI nahatI, tenI sAme UbhA rahI ene vizeSa jhINavaTathI avalokIe. pharI smaraNa kareH vaidika vADmayanA traNa vibhAga jANItA che- saMhitA, brAhmaNa ane upaniSa. e vibhAga jema vAlmayanA prakAra pramANe paDelA che tema kAlakramane paNa te anusare che. eTale vidvAnoe saMhitAkALa, brAhmaNakALa, ane upaniSatkALa ema traNa kALa pADI enI saMskRtinAM lAkSaNika to nirUpyAM che. saMhitAkALa eTale vedanA manno goThavIne saMhitA racavAmAM AvI tyAM sudhInA samayamAM traSione paramAtmAnuM darzana A puratodazyamAna prakRtimAM sIdhuM ane saraLa rIte thatuM, ane emAM devanI upAsanA paNa sAdA yajJo dvArA karavAmAM AvatI. te pachI bAkInI saMhitAo-yajurAdika-ane brAhmaNa maLIne kAlakramamAM bIjuM pagaluM bharAyuM. ane te pachI AraNyaka ane upaniSanuM trIjuM bharAyuM. A bIjA brAhmaNakALa sAme eka hoTe AkSepa e karavAmAM Ave che ke emAM brAhmaNoe pitAnI sattA janasamAja upara jamAvI

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tatya qwf dIdhI, ane dezanI sAdI ane sIdhI upAsanAne badale karmajALa vistArI mUkI. A AkSepa emAM jeTaluM devadarzana samAeluM che teTale sAce che, paNa guNadarzana nathI eTale beTa che. brAhmaNakALanA guNa e ke (1) eka prajApatinI-IzvaranI-bhAvanA daDha thaI, (2) samAjanA je anAryavarga enAmAM paNa paramAtmA vase che e samajhaNa jAgI (juvo yajurvedano svAdhyAya) ane (3) yajJanA vistAranI sAthe, yajJanuM tattvajJAna paNa thayuM; e A rIte ke-cajJa vizvanuM rUpaka che ane enA madhyamAM hiraNyagarbha-vizvAtmA -rahelo che e samajhaNa prakaTa karavA mATe yajJanI amuka AkRtinI di racI enA madhyamAM hiraNyaya yajJapuruSanI mUrti sthApavAne vidhi karavAmAM AvyuM. have-atyAre vaidika kALane dhArmika ItihAsa kathavAne Azaya nathI, paNa mAtra eka ja vAta sArarUpe kheMcavAnI che te e ke e samayamAM karmanA garbhamAM jJAna hatuM. yu veda maffNa niveSetra zakti tamArase varSa karma karyA kare; paNa caheva vitha jAti tava vIvAra mati-je karmane amuka rIte samajhe che-arthAta emAM jJAnanI dRSTithI juve che-tenuM karma vadhAre baLavALuM thAya che. A ja zraddhAnI daSTi, A ja yajJabhAvanA, A ja e yajJabhAvanA sAthe joDAeluM tattvacintana-hajAre varSa upara thaI gaelA RSionI pratibhAmAMthI UpajAvI tamArA vartamAna jIvanamAM prakaTa kare. A reTi e tamAre takhtayajJa che. yajJa jeTalI pavitra buddhithI kAMtavAnuM ane vaNavAnuM karma kare-paNuM te sAthe e yajJanI kriyAmAMthI jJAna paNa pAme. rUmAMthI sUtarane tAtaNe kheMce te ja rIte tamArA magajamAMthI buddhine tAMtaNe paNa kheMce; e jema jhINe ane lAMbe tema sundara. bezaka e tUTI jAya temA zobhA nahi, e te nirbaLatAnuM cila, paNa jADI buddhi ke jADA sUtaramAM kAMI khAsa vakhANavA jevuM nathI. buddhi ane sUtara to jema jhINAM ane lAMbAM tema ja sAruM. tame pUchaze ke ATalo badho buddhine mahimA zA mATe? hRdayanuM ane cAritranuM zuM? ene uttara ke siddhAntamAM enI avagaNanA nahi ja, * A vicAra mane jurvemAM mahAtmAjI reTIe besI sUtara kAMtatA hatA ane huM pAse beThe emanI sAthe vAtacIta karatuM hatuM te vakhate, magajamAM AvelA. * vitAna kahuM?

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ba tadyana paNa hRdayanAM ane cAritranAM gIta eTalAM badhAM gavAya che ke A ja e gAyakagaNumAMthI eka gAyaka che. raheze te eTalAthI enA mahimA ghaTaze nahi. ahiM vinA hRdaya AMdhaLuM che, ane cAritra paNa jaDa che, huM cAritranI bAbatamAM cAkhe| sAkreTika--sakreTisanA anuyAyI--chuM, nIti te jJAna ane anIti te ajJAna. jJAnamAM nIti samAI ja jAya, ane anIti te jJAnane abhAve ja saMbhave. huM manuSyanI evI duSTatA ke nirmULatA mAnatA nathI ke mane sArA mArga sUjhe che chatAM huM kheATe mArge cAluM chuM,' ema e kharekhara kahI zake. paNa A jJAna eTale lAbhAlAbhanI gaNatarInI samajhaNa ema nahi, paNa nItinI pratibhA--nItinuM enA sundara ane pratApI svarUpamAM netra AgaLa jhagamagavuM, e paNa Ama buddhinA jhINA ane lAMkhA tAra kADhayA pachI e tArane AtmAmAM vaNavAnuM kAma khAkI rahe che. e kAma vaNATanA jevuM ja kaheNu che, paNa vaNATa jeTaluM ja Avazyaka che. sUtaranAM gUMchaLAMmAMthI paTa na vaNAya tyAM sudhI e gUMchaLAM zA kAmanAM? buddhinA padArtha khAdya padArtha maTIne AtmarUpa banI na jAya tyAM sudhI AtmA upara bhAra, AtmAnuM sattva niha. tamArA pAThe e tamArA nizcaya thavA joie. ApaNA vidyArthIo upara A eka kharA khATA mhoTA AkSepa che ke ee je jJAna saMpAdana kare che te parIkSAnA patramAM lakhI javA mATe ja hAya che, e jJAna emanA antamAM UtarI emanA jIvananA prakAza manatuM nathI. arthazAstra samAjazAstra rAjyazAstra AdinuM je je jJAna meLavA tene tamArA siddhAnta banAvI do. zuddha buddhithI satya prApta karavA mATe ja adhyayana karA ane adhyayanane pariNAme je nirNaye thAya tene ja anuvartI; jemake, rAjyazAstranuM adhyayana karatAM karatAM tamane ema jaNAya che ke prajAzAsana (Democracy) sArUM nathI vA e amuka niyamana sAthe ja sArUM che (huM mAtra udAharaNa ja lau chuM, mhArA peAtAnA siddhAntanuM sUcana karatA nathI), tA e prakAranA tamArA siddhAnta karI dejo, jIvanamAM jema jema anubhava thatA jAya vA vizeSa manana karatA jAe tema tema jarUra lAge tA e siddhAnta pheravajo. paNa pustakanI vidyAne pustakanI ja rahevA deza nahi, ane tamArA AtmapaTamAM vaNajo. A vidyAkALamAM tame je buddhinA tArA kADhazeA te uparAMta jIvananA anubhavakALamAM paNa khIjA aneka tArA tamArA nIkaLaze--e sadhaLAne eka khIjAnI sAthe suzliSTa rIte joDavA e mhATuM mAnasika vaNATakAma che.

Page #766
tantuyanuM sa have ekadama mhArA chUTA vAya! vicArAnI gati baMdha karUM. me tamArA dhAryAM karatAM vadhAre samaya lIdhe. te mATe kSamA karazeA. tame je zuddha vidyArasathI ane svAtantyanA premathI A saMsthAmAM joDAyA che. te mATe tamane dhanyavAda ane abhinandana ghaTe che. svazaktimAM zraddhA rAkhIne kartavyaparAyaNa tho, paNa te sAthe AtmAmAM namratA rAkhI hamaNAM ja sUradAsanA padamAMx gAyuM tema ApaNI "lAja" ane "Teka" rAkhavA mATe hamezAM prabhunI prArthanA karajo. paNa prArthanA karA te zraddhAthI karo --prabhu jeNe draupadI vagerenI lAja rAkhI che te ApaNI paNa rAkhaze ema kharA hRdayathI ane pUrNa dRDhatAthI mAnajo. sUradAsanI mAphaka jyAre carmacakSu AMdhaLAM thAya tyAre AtmAnI jgyAtithI e 'lAja' rAkhanAra prabhunAM darzana karo. [vasanta, jyeSTha, saM. 1980 ] ' * rAga kAphI - dIpacaMdI tAla sava ii teja ghUmArI | hAna rAlI nidhiArI || g || jaisI lAja rAkhI arjuna kI, bhAratayuddha ma~jhArI / sArathi hoke rathako hAMko, cakrasudarzanadhArI // maLana DI Taija na TArI zA jaisI lAja rAkhI draupadI kI hone na dInI udhArI / khacata khacata do bhuna thAke, duHzAsana pacahArI // vIra vaDhAco murArI|| 2 // suradAsa kI lAja rAkho, aba ko hai rakhavArI ? rAdhe rAdhe zrIvara pyAro zrIvRSabhAna dulArI // zaraNa taka Ayo tumhArI //

Page #767
ha17 | sarvadharmapariSa6 sarvadharmapariSada (pramukhanuM bhASaNa) yaM zaivAH samupAsate ziva iti, brahmeti vedAntino, vaujJA , prAipavaH ti taiyAcina | ' arhannityapi jainazAsanaratAH, karmeti mImAMsakAH, so'yaM no vidadhAtu vAMchitaphalaM trailokyanAtho hariH // mahArA udAracetA dharmapremI bhAIo ane bahene, samucita maMgalAcaraNa karyA pachI, mahAruM paheluM kartavya ApanA prati eka kRtajJatA prakaTa karavAnuM che. Ape mane A pariSadanuM pramukhapada ApyuM te mATe huM Apane atyanta RNuM chuM. vizeSe karI, eTalA mATe ke huM sanAtanadharmI chuM e suvidita hovA chatAM paNa mahArA AryasamAjI bhAIee mane A gauravanuM sthAna ApyuM che. A saMbandhamAM hArI Apane eka prArthanA cheH dharmane prANa satya che, ane mane je satya lAge te je huM dharmapariSadamAM na kahuM te bIje kyAM kahuM? tethI mArA kathanamAM kaI acikara aMza AvI jAya che te Apa zAntithI zravaNa karaze. bIjI paNa eka prArthanA ane hindI upara atIva prema che ane hindI te hindanI rASTrabhASA thavI joIe ema huM mAnuM chuM, paNa e mArI mAtRbhASA nathI e kAraNathI mahArA hRdayanA ane buddhinA bhAva ane vicAra hArI bhAgItUTI hindImAM huM barAbara batAvI nahi zakuM. te paNa mAtra ApanI AjJA zirodhArya samajhI meM A pada svIkAra karavAnI dhRSTatA karI che. Apa mArI nyUnatA sahI levAnI kRpA karazo evI AzA rAkhuM . ApanI AjJAnusAra mahAruM AjanuM kartavya jagatanA purAtana ane vartamAna dharmonA svarUpa saMbadhI vicAra karo agara te emanA ItihAsanuM smaraNa karavuM e nathI; paNa kevaLa bhAratavarSanA vartamAna dharmomAM, ene aMgabhUta eka viSaya "Uara saMvadhI jJAna" enI bhUmikA racavAne che. arthAta prAcIna, ijipta, aisIriyA, khAdiyA, bebilana, zIsa. rAma, cIna Adi dezonA purAtana dharmanA viSayamAM kAMI paNa kahevuM e aprAsaMgika gaNaze. vidyamAna bhArata varSanA hindu (jemAM jaina ka kAMgaDI gurukula rajata mahotsava prasaMge (haridvAra pAse kAMgaDImAM AryasamAjanuM gurukula che tyAM) sarva dharmapariSadamAM pramukha tarIke ApeluM bhASaNa

Page #768
sarvadharmaparivahu 7 - sIkha vagerene paNa samAveza thAya che )-musalamAna-khristI-cAhudI-pArasI Adi dharmomAM Izvara saMbadhI kevA kevA vicAre thayA che enuM nirUpaNa paNa keTalAka nibandha dvArA te te dharmanA vidvAna ApanI samakSa karaze. ane teone karavAnuM te huM ja karI dau emAM te te vidvAnenA adhikAra upara anucita AkramaNa thAya. e viSayamAM je kAMI kahevuM joIe te jarUra haze to huM attamAM ja kahIza. | sarva dharmone paraspara Adara hovo joIe e daSTi dharmigrAhaka pramANathI ja, arthAta A pariSadgA svarUpathI ja, ApaNuM saMmelanamAM rahI che. paraMtu evI dRSTi kevaLa vartamAna kALamAM ja prakaTa thaI che ema na samajhavuM. be hajAra varSa upara azoka mahArAjAe AvA saMmelananI iSTatA, ane saMpradAyane paraspara Adara karavAne bedha potAnA zilAlekhamAM prakaTa karyo hato. e kahe che- devAnApriya priyadarzI rAjA vividha dAna ane pUjAthI gRhastha ane saMnyAsI sarva saMpradAya vALAone satkAra kare che. paNa devAnAmbiyane dAna ane pUjanI eTalI darakAra nathI jeTalI AnI che ke sarva saMpradAyanA sAratatvanI vRddhi thAya, saMpradAyonA sAranI vRddhi aneka prakAre thAya che, paNa enuM bIja vAlsayama che; arthAta, leka kevaLa potAnA saMpradAyane Adara kare ane bIjAnA saMpradAyanI akAraNa nindA na kare.kemake kaIne kaI kAraNathI sarva saMpradAyano Adara kara e lokanuM kartavya che. ema karavAthI potAnA saMpradAyanI unnati ane bIjAnA saMpradAyane upakAra thAya che. ethI ulaTuM je kare che e potAnA saMpradAne paNa hAni pahoMcADe che, ane bIjAnA saMpradAyane paNa apakAra kare che, kAraNa ke je kaI beTA saMpradAyanI bhaktimAM AvIne potAnA saMpradAyanI prazaMsA kare che ane bIjAnA saMpradAyanI nindA kare che evA vicArathI ke mArA saMpradAyanuM gaurava vadhe e kharuM jotAM pitAnA saMpradAyane paNa pUrI hAni pahoMcADe che. samavAya (saMmelana) sAre che, jethI temAM eka bIjAnA dharmane dhyAna daIne sAMbhaLe, ane sAMbhaLavAnI IcchA ja eka hindI bhASAntaramAM "samavAyane artha mela jela eTale ke meLa, eka vAkyatA, evo karyo che, paNa mULane saMbadha jotAM e ThIka lAgato nathI.

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712 sarvadharmapariSada kare samavAyo va sAdhu-vaMtikA gamagara padma pupu guru vati che" azoka mahArAjAnA A maMgaLa upadezanuM smaraNa karI sarvadharmasamavAyanuM mukhya prajana ke e sarvadharmane paraspara meLa e viSayane kAMIka vicAra karIe. 1 aneka dharmane sthAne eka dharma saMpAdana karavAne eka mArga e che ke anya sarva dharmane taravAra agni ke nindAnA baLathI nAza karIne ApaNe pitAne dharma sthApita karo. paNa A atyanta kutsita, duSTa jaMgalI mArga che. ane dharmanuM yathArtha svarUpa je samajhe che te A mArga kadI svIkArI na zake. te paNa khedanI vAta che ke A mArga che ke dhArmika AzayathI to paNa viparIta buddhithI manuSya keTalIka vAra grahaNa karyo che. paNa A mArgathI dharma nahi paNa dhamabhAsa ja prApta thAya che. kAraNa ke ethI je mAnasika vAcika ane kAyika kriyA cAle che e dharmanA tatvathI viruddha che. eTaluM ja nahi paNa e amuka dharma vadhAravAmAM paNa upakAraka thatI nathI. huM mahArA dehane hindu kahevaDAvuM ke muslima, remana kethalika IsAI ke peTesTanTa IsAI ethI kharekhara huM te te dharmane nathI thaI zakato. mahArA jIvanamAM meM mahArA dharmane bharyo che ke nahi, hAruM jIvana hArA dharmanI bhAvanAthI ghaDAyuM che ke nahi, enAthI ja hAruM te dharmanuM anuyAyIpaNuM siddha thaI zake che. ethI nahi ke vastIpatrakamAM meM mahArA dharmanuM nAma hindu dhAvyuM che ke musalamAna. 2 dharmanI anekatAmAMthI ekatA UpajAvavAne bIjo rasto e hAI zake che ke kAMI ja karavuM nahi, ane kALabaLane zaraNa thaI bezI rahevuM. . manuSyasaMskRtine A eka niyama che ke jyAre aneka saMskRtio eka , sthAnamAM saMmilita thAya che tyAre emane paraspara saMbandha thaIne emAMthI eka vijayI thAya che ane bIjI parAbhava pAme che ane abhibhUta thAya che, arthAta dabAI jAya che, agara te sarve eka bIjAmAM maLIne emAMthI eka navo ja prakAra vA rUpAntara utpanna thAya che. eziyAmAM sikaMdara (elekajhenDara) bAdazAhane vijayadhvaja pharakyo enuM pariNAma e AvyuM ke eziyAnI prajA je te vakhata sudhI Nationalism ja jANatI hatI te Internationalism mAM dAkhala thaI arthAta je prajA pitatAmAM ja * athavA zuzruSA kare.

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sarvadharmapariSada | gn3 pUrAI rahI hatI te eka bIjA sAthe saMbadhamAM parovAI athata dareka prajAne pitAnI bahAra javAnI daSTi AvavA lAgI. AthI thayuM e ke jyAre khristI dharma prakaTa thayo tyAre e paNa, kevaLa yahudI prajAne ja dharma na rahetAM, remana grIka ane yAhudI ema traNa saMskRtithI enuM svarUpa ghaDAyuM. kahevAya che ke Isu khristanA vadhastambha upara traNa bhASAmAM lekha lakhAyo hatoH hibru (yahudI), grIka ane laiTina. tethI jyAre khristI dharma prasaryo tyAre emAM traNe prajAnA AcAravicAra saMmizrita thayA. ane vaLI AgaLa jaIne IrAnane mithadharmaka ane prAcIna eziyA mAInaranI zaktipUjA, ane A navo khristI dharma-traNe yurepanA akhADAmAM paDyA ane emAMthI khristI dharma vijayI thayo. aneka dharmanA saMmizraNa vA vigrahanI A kriyA te manuSyasaMskRtinA ItihAsanA niyama mujaba sadA cAlyA ja kare che. vui buddhipUrvaka teonI ekatA sAdhavAnA mArga kAMIka judA ja che. 3 khristI aDhAramI zatAbdInA IgleMDanA prabhAvamAM UcharelA egaNIsamI zatAbdInA bhAratavarSamAM, lagabhaga sAta dazakA paryanta, dharmanI ekatA sAdhavAne mArga A ja manAtuM hatuM ke pRthvInA sarva dharma laIne emanA vizeSa yAne bhedaka aMza cheDI devA ane emanA sAmAnya yAne ekAkAra aMza grahaNa karavA, ane A rIte tAravI kADheluM sAmAnya tattva e ja satya dharma che, ane e jAtanA saMgrahane ja "dharma' nAma ApavuM. arthAt saraLa rUpamAM kahIe te (1) Izvara eka che (2) enI bhakti karavI, ane (3) sadAcAre cAlavuM--eTalAmAM ja satya dharmanuM AkhuM svarUpa samApta thAya che ema manAtuM. kahevAnI jarUra nathI ke dharma AvuM sAduM sIdhuM traNa tatuonuM banAveluM yajJopavIta nathI. ane vaLI A paNa dhyAnamAM rAkhavA jevI vAta che ke nivizeSa sAmAnya (abstract) vizeSa (concrete )nI apekSAe daridra che. tathA vizeSa UDAvIne sAmAnya bacAvavuM azakya che. dharmanA zarIrano nAza karIne dharmane azarIra AtmA rahI zakato nathI. eTale dehAtmavAda paNa prakRta viSayamAM mAnava paDe che. 4 dharmanI ekatA saMpAdana karavAne bIje paNa eka mArga che. te e ke te te dharmarUpa sarva tattva meLavIne ekapaTa banAvo, ane e ja mahAvastrane dIkSAvasvarUpa dhAraNa karavuM. kiMtu e kRtrima-banAvaTI-dharma zakaya nathI. ane A smaraNamAM rAkhavuM joIe ke bAIbalamAM kahyuM che te sAcuM ja che ke Isu khristane Dagalo kakaDA sAMdhIne sIvAle nathI, * vedane mitra deva te IrAnane miza. - - - --- - - - - -

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714. sarvadharmapariSadu paNa eka akhaMDa aspRta (vagara zIvelo) e e abhuta Dagalo che. vizvaniyanta kAla bhagavAna aneka dharmanA tatuomAMthI eka dharmarUpa mahApaTa vaNI rahyA che, paNa e paTa banAvavAthI takhtaone lepa thato nathI, te ja pramANe sarva dharmanI ekavAkyatA thavAthI te te dharmanuM vizeSa svarUpa lupta thatuM nathI, ulaTuM e vizeSa svarU5 rahe, rUpAntara prApta karIne paNa rahe, e tarehanI eka vAkayatA paramAtmAne ISTa che. ane e ja bhAge A pariSade paNa cAlavuM joIe. 5 tathApi ahIM eka bIjo prazna upasthita thAya che. upara kahelI ekavAkyatA amuka vAkyane pradhAna karIne ane bIjAne neyArtha yAne gauNa banAvIne karavI ucita che? ke sarvane samAna baLa mAnIne emane vikalpa mAne ucita che? jemake "vite judoti" "anubhavate juti" keTalAka sUryodaya pahelAM hAma kare che, keTalAka sUryodaya pachI kare che, Ama heI A viSayamAM vikalpa rahe che, ane potapotAnA saMpradAya pramANe bemAMthI eka karI zakAya che. prakRtimAM, amuka dharmane mukhya madhya sthAne mUkI, bIjA dharmonA upadezane gauNa karavA yAne mukhya dharmane anusaratI rIte levA e ThIka che? ke sarva dharmane samAna mAnI emAMthI vikalpa karI game te ekane svIkAre e ThIka che? bIjA pakSane artha e thaye ke jyAM te te dharmonA mata vacce virodha Ave tyAM baMne pakSa satya che eTaluM kahIne aTakI javuM ane baMnene cAle che tema cAlavA devuM. paraMtuM AthI ekavAyatA zI thaI ? kazI ja nahi. mAtra sarva dharmanI paraspara sahiSNutA prApta thaI eTaluM ja phaLa prApta thayuM. jo ke e phaLa chevuM nathI, tathApi e basa paNa nathI. kAraNa ke ethI satyanA mArgamAM eka pagaluM paNa AgaLa bharAtuM nathI. have pUrvokta ekavAkyatAne pahelo pakSa laIe jemAM eka ? vAkyane arthAta amuka dharmane pradhAna banAvI bIjAne neyArtha yAne gauNa banAvavAnI sUcanA che. A paddhati paraspara laDhavAnI paddhatithI te bezaka sArI che, tathApi emAM svadharmanI pradhAnatA ane tethI utkRSTatA ane paradharmanI gauNatA ane tethI nikRSTatA manAya che. emAM paradharma prati asahiSNutA te nathI te paNa AdaranI nyUnatA te avazya che ja. have ahIM prazna thaze ke sarva dharma prati samAna Adara thaI zake khare? agara thaI zake che te ISTa paNa che kharo? Ano uttara Adara ane bhakti arthAta nichA e be vacceno bheda samajhavAthI thaI jAya che. A rIte ke -sarva dharma prati Adara te samAna ja rahevuM joIe, paraMtu nichA eka

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sarvadharmapariSa6 upa dharmamAM ja-ghaNuM kharAone mATe te svadharmamAM ja-rAkhavI ucita che. vastutaH te ahIM svadharmane artha saMpradAya-prApta bApadAdAnA dharmane AcAra ema samajho na joIe, paNa pitAnA AtmAmAM dhAraNa karela--mAtra AcAranI rUDhimAM nahi paNa AtmAnA sattavamAM meLavI dIdhelo--je dharma te ja kharo svadharma che. jagatanA vividha dharmomAM pradhAna-gauNa bhAva nathI. sarva Indriyagocara laukika dharma eka IndriyAtIta alaukika dharmanA AvirbhAva che. mahAre vivakSita artha spaSTa karavA mATe ekAda udAharaNa ApavuM jarUranuM che. dharmanA paraspara virodhamAM eka kAraNa e hoya che ke te te dharmanA anuyAyI dharmanA viSayamAM pitapatAnA dharmagranthane Izvareccarita mAne che. paraMtu kRpA karI eTalo vicAra kare ke kaI paNa dharmagrantha kyA arthamAM Izvareccarita hoI zake che? zuM Izvara saMskRta arabI hibru Adi bhASAomAM, jema Apa ane huM eka bIjAnI sAme besIne bolIe tema, ApaNI sAthe bele che? AvI laukika tarehathI keI paNa grantha Izvaracarita hoI zakatuM nathI. kAraNake Izvara azarIrI che e vAta alaga mUkIe te paNa Izvara ApaNI mAphaka aneka vyaktio paikI eka vyakti nathI ke je ApaNe sAthe bahArathI vAtacIta kare te maNigaNamAM sUtra jevo che, amuka maNi jevo, mALAnA mera jevo paNa, nathI. e te sarva vyaktionA antaramAM vAsa kare che, ane antaramAM ja bese che. enuM bolavuM ane ApaNuM sAMbhaLavuM e zabdAkAra hoI zakatuM nathI. e kevaLa jJAnAkAra ja banI zake che. bhale e jJAnane huM zabdAkAra karI lauM. A kAraNathI ja veda dharmamAM ene "veda" (jJAna) kahyuM che. je-zabda laeNTina Videre (darzaka karavuM, jevu) zabda sAthe zabdazAstrAnusAra saMbadhdha che, ane ene mULa artha "Vision' yAne darzana thAya che. paraMtu ahI paNa kahevuM joIe ke e darzana paNa laukika IndriyasAdhya-carmacakSunuM -darzana nathI, pti AtmAthI sAdhya divya cakSunuM che. tethI A arthamAM veka Vision darzana ane zutiH zravaNa baMne zabda aupacArika arthAta. lAkSaNika arthamAM levAnA che. phalita e thayuM ke "veda" eTale alaukika sAdhanathI prApta thaeluM satya ane dharmanuM jJAna. e jJAna amuka kALe prabhAvazIla draSTAonI hRdayaguhAmAM prakaTa thayuM, ane zabdAkAra thaI bahAra nIkaLyuM. je rIte niSAda ane kacayugalanA prasaMgamAM Adi kavine la sTolAvamAMtara. vastutaH je bahAra nIkaLe che e sanAtana - rAmAyaNanA udbhava saMbadhI vAlmIki muninI A vAta suprasiddha che, - - -

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716 sarvadharmapariSadu satyane AvirbhAva mAtra che. AthI, vedadharmamAM keTalAka vidvAnoe vedane nitya kahyA che. spaSTa che ke e nityatA mukhamAMthI je dhvani nIkaLe che e dhvaninI nityatA nathI (kAgaLa uparanA akSara te hatA ja kyAM?) paNa dhvaninI pAra, dhvani jene AvirbhAva che evA alaukika zabdanI nityatA che. IslAma dharmamAM kurAne zarIphane jeo nitya mAne che, te A arthamAM ja mAnI zake. arthAta sarva dharmanI je parApazyantI vANuM che e paramAtmAne mUla grantha che, e ja sarva dharmane sanAtana "veda" che. bhagavAna buddha ane mahAvIra svAmI e ja vedano pratiSedha karatA hatA ke je vastutaH vedAbhAsa rUpe emanA samayanA keTalAka vedadharmIonA jIvanamAM najare paDatuM hatuM. seNadaMDasutta, tevijajasura, dhammapada Adi bauddha ane uttarAdhyayana Adi jaina grantha jevAthI AnI khAtarI thaze. IzvarIya jJAna A sanAtana veda, jene ApaNuM kAryavAhaka maMDaLe A saMmelanamAM samAlocanA karavA gya "Izvara saMbadhI jJAna" kahyuM che, emAM paramAtmA aneka rUpe prakaTa thAya che. je paramAtmA yahudI khristI ane muslima dharmamAM eka saMkhyAthI nidiSTa thayA che e ja hindu vaidika dharmamAM anekamAM eka rUpe manAya che. jema aneka tejabimbamAM eka tejanI zakti24.fecaini affa--"The Infinite in the finites"-udd thAya che tema. A ja kAraNathI paramAtmAnAM utpAdaka piSaka vyApaka ane sahAyaka svarUpa, tathA zakti AvaraNa niyamana vagere dharma savitA, pUSA, viSNu mitra, indra, varuNa Adi te te vizeSanAmathI nirdiSTa thAya che. ane ene ja jagatanI sAthe kartApe, bIjarUpe, AtmArUpe saMbadha tvaSTA, ghAtA, vizvakarmA, hiraNyagarbha, ane puruSa vagere nAme pratipAdita thayo che. ane A dRSTi vaidika Aryone evI priya thaI paDI hatI ke jyAre vedanI cAra saMhitAo thaI tyAre A devatAnAM keTalAMe sUkata eka karatAM vadhAre vedanI saMhitAomAM mUkavAmAM AvyAM-jemake hiraNyagarbhasUkta, puruSasUkata, vizvakarmAnuM sUkata vagere. 5ramAtmA jagata banAvIne Agho rahyo nathI, paNa jagatadvArA tema ja che A A pariSane vicAravAno viSaya jAhera thayo hato. * ahIthI thoDAka peregrApha prasaMgacita pheraphAra sAthe mahArA eka agAunA lekha (ju "ApaNe dharma") mAMthI lIdho che. kAraNa ke Akho lekha avakAzane abhAve kAMgaDI relve TreinamAM taiyAra karavo paDyo hate. '

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sarvadharmapariSadu 917 sAkSAta ema ubhaya rIte manuja AtmA (jIva) sAthe e nitya saMbadhathI joDAela che. tadanusAra je AcAra vicAra karavAmAM Ave enuM nAma dharma che. A saMbandha kevA prakArane mAna-rAjA prajAne ke pitA putrane, ke mitra mitrane, ke svAmI sevakane, ke pati patnIne, ke ananyatAne ke ethI kaMI judA ja prakArano, A viSayamAM aneka matamatAMtara jovAmAM Ave che, ane tene lIdhe dharma dharmanI vacce, balka eka ja dharmanI zAkhAomAM, ghaNuM vAdavivAda ane jhaghaDAo utpanna thAya che. paraMtu paramAtmA ane ApaNI vacce koI eka jAtane saMbadha che, emAM to sahu ekamata che. harbarTa spensara jevA "The Unknowable" ayavAdIne ane joti kahIne viramatA kevalAdvaitavAdIne paNa jIvAtmA sAthe e para padArthane kaIne kaI tarehane saMbandha te mAnavo paDe che ja. je loke ene aNeya kahe che te paNa ene "aya" che eTaluM kahevA pUrate paNa manuSya AtmAnA jJAnane viSaya banAve che. ane apheya padArtha pitAnA astitva mAtrathI paNa manuja hRdayamAM jevA bhAva bharI zake tevA bhAva dharma" zabdanA arthamAM svIkAravA paDe che. kevalAdvaita brahmane niSedhamukhI vANuthI sUcave che. paraMtu e paNa jIva ane brahmane sarvathA asaMbaddha rUpe mAnatA nathI, kiMtu jIvane brahma sAthe ananyabhAva svIkAre che (jema jeti joti" e mahAvAkya che tema taravamaNi paNa mahAvAkya che) ane e ananyabhAvamAM je prakAranI dhArmikatA rahelI che tevI siddha karavA e paNa Icche che. A ananyabhAvathI judA evA rAjA prajA, pitA putra vagere je saMbadhathI jIvAtmA-paramAtmAne saMbandha sUcavAya che e saMbandha ananyabhAvanA saMbadhathI UtaratA che ema mAnIe tepaNue mithyA te nathI ja, kAraNa ke dhArmika puruSoe e anubhavyA che. tethI puSpa bhramara nyAye e darekamAM rahelA satyarUpa madhunuM pAna karavuM ucita che. pANI nA kinArA che. paramAtmAne viSe eka atiprAcIna bhAvanA rAjAnA rUpakanI che. paramAtmA jagatane aSTA mAtra ja nathI, paNa ApaNe rAja che, arthAta ApaNe niyAmaka che ane ApaNuM sArAM kheTAM karmone phaladAtA che e lagabhaga sarva dharmanI janatAmAM phelAelI bhAnyatA che. A rUpakamAMthI grahaNa karavA yogya aMza e che ke Izvara dharatIkapa ke vAvAjhoDA jevI eka jaDa ane alpa zakti nathI, paNa eka cetana-AtmA-che, parama AtmA che, ene ApaNI sAthe vyavahAra che, pote potAnA banAvelA niyamo pALe

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718 sarvadharmapariSadu che ane ApaNe pALIe ema Icche che. rAjAnI bhAvanA sAme zuSka takanI dalIlo calAvatAM pahelAM ApaNe vicAra karavo joIe ke e bhAvanAmAM kAMIke te satya rahyuM ja che. ane te ApaNe grahaNa karyuM che? grahaNa karyuM tyAre ja kahevAya ke jyAre jIvanamAM-arthAt AcAramAM ane vicAramAM sarvatra e prakaTa thatuM hoya. ulaTuM, ApaNuM jIvanamAM hajAre pravRttio ApaNe evI karI rahyA chIe ke jANe A jagata upara paramAtmAnuM rAjya ja na hoya evI samajhaNa emAMthI prakaTa thAya che. karmanuM phaLa avazya jogavavuM ja paDe che, vinA pApe pApanuM phaLa e nyAyI rAjA kadI bhegavAvato nathI, ane puNyanuM phaLa ApyA vinA raheto nathI- eTalo aDaga siddhAnta ApaNA jIvanamAM utArI laIe te duSTa karmomAM ApaNI pravRtti kadI nahi thAya, ane satkarmomAM ApaNe utsAha pUrNa vege vahyA karaze. paramAtmAnuM rAjya, sthala daSTie keTalAka mAnatA hatA ane hajI paNa mAnatA haze ema, bhaviSyamAM thanAruM rAjya nathI, paNa nitya nirantara A jagatamAM cAlI raheluM-sanAtana rAjya che. A bhAvanA jene eka zabdamAM karmane siddhAnta kahe vA dharmarAjya kaho e A vizvanI vyavasthAmAM rahasyabhUta tatva che. ane enAthI ja A vizva eka vyavasthita tanna rUpe cAlI rahyuM che. A sarva dharmane siddhAnta che. kadanAM sUktamAM kahyuM che ke varuNa nAma paramAtmA je A vizvane Avaraka (AvarIne, AcchAdIne rahelo che) che, tathA manuSyaAtmAnI varaNakriyAmAM athata naitika saMkalpamAM prakaTa thAya che, e A saMsArasamudra ane saMsArarAtrine adhiSThAtA che. e "dhUtavrata" che, arthAt pote sthApelA niyamonuM pAlana kare che, ane manuSya paNa enuM pAlana kare ema Icche che. upaniSamAM yAjJavakya ane ArtabhAganA saMvAdamAM antamAM A ja kahyuM che ke A vizvanuM rahasya "kama' che. have kSaNabhara vicAra kare ke rAjAnI bhAvanAmAM be tattva che. zakti ane nyAya. rAjAnI bhAvanA sarva dharmamAM che, ane A be tattva paNa sarva dharmamAM bharAelAM che. tathApi eTaluM kahI zakIe ke IzvaranI zakita upara IslAma dharmamAM bhAra devAmAM Avyo che, ane nyAya upara yahudI dharmamAM devAyo che. karmane mahAniyama e paramAtmAnI IcchAnuM pratIka yAne prakaTa rUpa che, ane jaina tathA bauddha e pratIkanA vizeSa upAsaka che. vaidika dharma karmarUpa pratIkanI upAsanA karavAnI sAthe e pratIkamAM paramAtmAnuM darzana paNa kare che. IsAI dharma rAjAnI bhAvanAne sthAne eka bIjI bhAvanA sthApe che. ene ullekha have karIzuM.

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sarvadharmapariSada * 719 A bIjI bhAvanA pitAnI. Izvara kevala rAjA ja nathI, e pitA paNuM che. rAjA nathI ane pitA che ema nathI, paNa rAjA ane pitA bane che. ene ghera nyAya che ane prema paNa che. ItihAsakAra kahe che ke IsunA pahelAM yahudI dharmamAM paramAtmA rAjA che e bhAvanA pradhAna hatI, paraMtu Isue ene badalIne Izvara pitA che e bhAvanA sthApI. ethI paramAtmAnI yAhudI bhAvanAmAM rAjAnA akaNuM nyAyane badale dayArda prema dAkhala thayo. ghaNA loka A pitAnI bhAvanAne kevaLa khristI samaje che, ane keTalAka loka enI hAMsI paNa kare che. paNa vastutaH hinduone mATe A paradhama siddhAta nathI. bhagavadgItAmAM paramAtmAne "pitAtti srotha gharAvaraca" ityAdi bhAvapUrNa vANImAM carAcara jagatane pitA kahyo che. ane Rda saMhitAmAM paNa pitAnuM rUpaka prasiddha che. eka mannadraSTA. kahe che ke "gujakhavimavethe" "pitA jema putrane khoLAmAM le che tema tame paNa ene khoLAmAM le che." ane bIjA eka RSie kahyuM che "pitu putraH zivamA te zukra rayAviyA mirayA zArvavaH" "he zaktimAna Indra! huM tane mArI mIThI vANIthI evo pakaDIne cAluM chuM ke jema pitAnA vastrane cheDe pakaDIne bALaka cAle che." kevu sundara citra! paraMtu e joIne jarA AgaLa cAle. ethI paNa vadhAre sundara citra Ave che. paramAtmA kevaLa pitA ja nathI, mAtA paNa che. "zeSa matA ja pitA =ema bhakta kahe che. A baMne rUpa je prAkRtika jagatamAM ekaThAM hotAM nathI e paramAtmAmAM ekaThAM thaIne rahelAM che. paramAtmA pitAnI rIte premathI ApaNe utkarSa irache che eTaluM ja nahi paNa ene "zivAnudhyAnaparA" mAtAnI upamA paNa sArI rIte lAge che. jaganmAtA aditi vedamAM prasiddha che. "je levastikSAta ityAdi upaniSad vAkayamAM paramAtmAne strIliga zabdathI parAmarza karyo che. ane paramAtmAnA jyotIrUpa agnihotrane uddezIne ati kahe che ke jema "bhUkhyAM bALa mAtAnI cAre tarapha besI jAya che tema sarva prANu agnihotranI upa-AsanA kare che." vaLI purANa te jagadambAnAM asaMkhya madhura ane gaMbhIra stathI bharelAM che, je uparathI khristI dharmanI mAtA merInI bhakti ane eziyAmAInaranI zaktipUjA yAda Ave che. paraMtu merI paramAtmArUpa manAtI na hatI, ane eziyAmAInaranI zaktipUjA kRSidevatAnI kalpanAthI ane enI ja rahasyapUjAthI AgaLa vadhI zakI nahatI.

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720 sarvadharmapariSadu bhagavaddagItAmAM paramAtmA pitAne ekI vAre "mAtA pAtA pitAmaha kahe che. paramAtmAne ApanI sAthe ATalo nikaTa ane suvidita saMbandha hoIne paNa, ApaNe e saMbandhane ApaNuM jIvanamAM keTala zeDo svIkArIe chIe? ApaNe paramAtmAthI vimukha rahIe chIe te paNa ene ananta prema ApaNuM upara sadA banyo ja rahe che. A vAtanuM A eka khulluM pramANa che ke ApaNe yadyapi kaTi pApa karIe chIe tepaNa e pApa taraphathI parAbhukha thaI--e taraphathI mukha pheravI-sAre raste levAnuM svAtaMtrya ApaNane haMmezAM rahyAM ja kare che. arthAt, paramAtmAnA gharanAM dvAra ApaNe mATe haMmezAM khullAM ja che. paramAtmA, mAtA pitAnI rIte, prakRti ane manuja bAlakane manu ane zatarUpAnI mAphaka paraspara joDAIne saMsArane Ananda levA devAne rAjI che. ApaNe saMsAravyavahAra e mAtA pitAne aniSTa nathI. mAtra . eTaluM ke te vyavahAranuM phaLa paramAtmAnA vaMzanI vRddhi ane sukIrti e thavuM joIe. ApaNe enA dAya (vArasA) nA adhikArI tyAre ja thaIe ke jyAre ApaNuM jIvana paramAtmAnAM kharAM chokarAMnA jevuM thAya. hajI AgaLa cAlIe thI bhAvanAH mAtA pitA haMmezAM putranI sAthe ja pharatAM nathI. pitAnA hRdayano bheda mAtApitA AgaLa prakaTa karavAmAM keTalIkavAra putrane saMkeca rahe che. tethI vedadharmanAM "# supa yunA salAyA" ityAdi zruti emanuM khArUpe pratipAdana kare che. e ja bhAva pachInA samayamAM nara-nArAyaNa ane kRSNa-arjunanA saMbadhamAM prakaTa karavAmAM Avyo che ane kRSNa pratye sudAmA ane uddhavanI bhakti e ja manohara vela upara lAgelAM phaLa che. paraMtu pUrvokta mAtApitA ane putranA saMbandhanA pramANamAM A mitrane saMbandha vadhAre UMcA adhikArIone mATe che. jyAre pharI pharIne aparAdha karIne mAtApitAnI pAse bALakanI mAphaka paramAtmAnI pAse kSamA mAgavAnI AvazyaktA na rahe, ane kevaLa anumati ja basa thAya, jyAre ApaNuM sadAcArabaLa eTaluM thaI jAya ke dharmasaMkaTane prasaMge ApaNane sahAyatA daine e bacAvI le eTale haka ApaNe karI zakIe, tyAre ja sakhAbhAva khIle che. A sakhAbhAva paramAtmA ane enA bhaktonI vacce koI IvAra thaI jAya che. paraMtu paramAtmAne sakhA samajI enI avajJA karavAne ApaNe adhikAra nathI. tethI jyAre arjunane vizvarUpadarzana thayuM tyAre eNe pazcAttApapUrvaka kahyuM H

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sarvadharmapariSada 721 zani maravA pratta catu de ! haiyAvarA de rati ! ajAnatA mahimAnaM tavedaM mayA pramAdAt praNayena vApi / yazcAvahAsArthamasatkRto'si vihArazayyAsanabhojaneSu / ekothavApyacyuta tatsamakSaM tatkSAmaye tvAmahamaprameyam / -ma . "he azruta! nirvikAra sanAtana paramAtmana ! Apane sakhA samajhIne, Apane prabhAva na jANune, pramAdathI vA maitrInA bhAvathI meM Apane he kRSNa! he yAdava ! he sakhA ! ema kahIne bolAvyA che, ramavuM, kUdavuM, khAvuM, pIvuM, sUvuM, besavuM vagere kriyAomAM, ekAntamAM agara sahunI vacce upahAsamAM meM ApanuM je apamAna karyuM che, te sarva aparAdhane mATe huM ApanI kSamA prArtha chuM." A kAraNathI bhaktarAja hanumAne paramAtmAnI svAmI buddhithI sevA karI che. paramAtmAne sakhA-udA. arjuna-paramAtmAnI sahAyatAthI AsurI saMpatti sAme jaya prApta karavAne laDhe che. paNa paramAtmAne dAsa ta-udI, hanumAna-e paramAtmAnA dhvajanI chAyAmAM rahIne paramAtmAnI sevA karavAne sadA kaTibaddha che, ane atula zramathI paramAtmAnI prakRtine asuranA bandhanamAMthI choDAvI lAvavAmAM sAhya de che. jJAna vairAgya ane brahmacaryathI emanuM zarIra ane mana vA jevuM daDha banyuM che ane dhanasaMpatti Adi mohakamAM mehaka padArtha paNa emAM rAmanI chabI najare na paDe te emane kaMkara samAna che, ane kaMkara samAna gaNa chinnabhinna karI ene pheMkI de che. emane rUMve rUMve rAmanAmanI dhUna rAtadina lAgI che. ane evA puruSa, bhavabhUtinA zabdamAM kahIe to, AsurI saMpanA trAsathI "ciraniviNa jIvalokane" saMkaTamAMthI uddhAre che, ane e rIte jagata upara eka mahAna upakAra karI jAya che. paraMtu paramAtmAnI AvI ugra dAsyabhakti AcaravI sahelI nathI. vaLI keTalAMka hRdaya evAM kemaLa ane rasathI bhIjelAM hoya che ke emane sevakavata dAsya karavAthI saMtoSa thatuM nathI. emane AtmA paramAtmA sAthe patipatnI je nikaTa saMbadha Icche che, ane paramAtmAnuM Aligana ("Si) karavAne ane enAthI Aligana pAmavAne talase che. evA jananI sthiti vedadharmanI bhaktizAkhAmAM gopIonI bhaktirUpe upasthita karavAmAM AvI che. A premalakSaNA bhaktimAM, paramAtmAne jIvanayuddhano

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722 sarvadharmapariSadu sArathi banAvIne AtmakalyANa sAdhavAnI, agara te paramAtmAnA sevaka banIne paramAtmAnI lakSmIne punaruddhAra karavAnI IcchA nathI. kiMtu sahaja premathI AkarSAI premamUrti paramAtmA pratye e hRdaya dhase che. e hadaya nathI jANatuM sevA, nathI jANatuM AtmakalyANa, e jANe che ke eka ja padArtha -paramAtmA ane paramAtmAne rasa, e rasathI e AtmAnI pratyeka kaLA bhIMjAelI che. paramAtmAnI A bhAvanA jema vedadharmanI kRSNabhaktimAM che, tevI IslAma dharmanI eka zAkhArUpa suphImatamAM che. khristI dharmamAM carca (dharmasaMgha) ane Isu khristane saMbandha vara ane vadhUnA rUpakathI darzAvAyo che. ane A saMbandhane anubhava siMTa TeresAe karyo hato. have prazna e thAya che ke jIvAtmA ane paramAtmAne saMbandha batAvavAne mATe A sarva rUpaka yathArtha che ke ayathArtha? uttara-yathArtha ane ayathArtha bane che. yathArtha e rIte che ke jema ApaNe chIe ane jagata, che tema e paNa trIje ApaNAthI bhinna che. tethI eno ane ApaNe saMbandha vividha rUpakethI ApaNe dekhADI zakIe chIe. ayathArtha evI rIte che ke e rUpake paikI keIpaNa eka rUpaka paramAtmAnA svarUpanuM pUrepUruM nirUpaNa karavA mATe paryApta nathI. paryApta nathI eTaluM ja nahi, paNa saMgata nathI-arthAta paramAtmAne e rUpaka lAgu paDI zakatAM nathI. emAM kAraNa zuM? kAraNa e ke emanA jevo jene emanI sAthe mukAbalAmAM mUkIe e vizvamAM keI padArtha nathI. bIjuM, e padArthavizeSa (amuka padArtha) nathI, kiMtu padArtha mAtrane tattvabhUta AtmA che. ene ApaNe padArthavizeSanI upamA zI rIte ApI zakIe? ane padArthavizeSanI sAthe zI rIte mUkI zakIe? nathI mUkI zakatA tepaNa mUkavAnI IcchA karIe chIe! manaja AtmAnI A vicitratA che ke e paramAtmAne dUrathI pAse lAvavAnI ane pAse lAvIne dara mUkavAnI IcchA kare che ! arjuna je paramAtmAnuM sAmAnyadarzana bahu samayathI karI rahyo hato ene enuM virATasvarUpa jevAnuM mana thAya che, paNa virAsvarUpanI ugratA dekhIne kape che eTale pharI paramAtmAne "saumyavapu' thavAnI prArthanA kare che ! ane e ja rIte nirgaNamAMthI saguNa ane saguNamAMthI nirguNa ema manuSya jIvananI dhArmika bhAvanAne hIMcake hIcAmAM ja kare che ! yAhudIloka prathama Izvarane "yahave" kahetA hatA, pachI ene anAma-mahAnAma-lakhyuM paNa vaMcAya nahi evuM nAma-ityAdi kahevA lAgyA. ane ene ja vaLI ApaNI jAtine prabhu, ApaNe rAjA, ApaNe Izvara ema enI sAthe mamatAne hArApaNune

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sarvadharmapariSadu 723 -saMbandha joDIne kahetA hatA. islAma dharmamAM Izvara sarva laukika upamAthI para manAya che, te paNa enA guNanuM kathana karavAmAM Ave che ja, IsAI dharmamAM IsuthI para chatAM IsumAM evuM paramAtmAnuM svarUpa manAya che. e ja rIte vaidika dharmamAM paramAtmAnAM nirguNa ane saguNa svarUpa manAya che. A rIte sarva dharmamAM paramAtmAne eka taraphathI avAzmanasargocara mAnIne bIjI taraphathI ene ja pAcho vAlmanasagocara karavAmAM Ave che. A virodhagarbha sthiti manuSyabuddhimAM jaDAelI che. ane ene ja vedAntIo mAyA anirvacanIyatA ItyAdi zabdathI vyavahere che. avatAra mUrtipUjA AdinAM pratipAdana ane pratiSedha manuSyanI A ja mAnasa ghaTanAmAMthI utpanna thAya che. A saMbadhamAM hArI mAtRbhASA gUjarAtImAM eka sundara kAvya che enuM mane smaraNa thAya che. e kAvyane bhAva e che ke eka samaya zrIkRSNajI AkAzamAM candra joIne bahu harSa pAmyA ane yazodA maiyAne kahevA lAgyA ke "bhA! e candra mane lAvI Apa." mAtA yazodAjIe kahyuM: "bhAI! candra te AkAzamAM che. e huM zI rIte lAvI Apu? te paNa kRNujIe mAnyuM nahi, ane bahu revA lAgyA. tyAre yazodAmAtAe candrane pAse lAvavAnI eka yukti racI thALImAM pANI bharyuM ane emAM candra lAvI Ape ! kRSNajI prasanna thaI gayA. manuSya A ja rIte paramAtmAne dUrathI pAse lAvavAne rAI rahyo che. sattvaguNa mAyAmayA manujAbALane manuja hRdayamAM pratibimbarUpe paramAtmAnuM darzana karAve che, ane e ja rIte ene saMbadha nikaTa banAve che. ahIM prazna thaze ke pratibimba mithyA che tema zuM Izvara paNa mithyA che? ene jarA vicAra kare. pratibimba kapalakalpita nathI. athata kevaLa mahArI kalpanAthI ja e baneluM nathIH candra, jaLa ane mahArAM cakSane svabhAva enAthI e utpanna thaeluM che. khristI dharmamAM ane hindu dharmamAM paramAtmAnA avatAra manAya che. enuM rahasya samajhavA mATe samAlocanAnI jarUra che. "avatAra' eTale zuM? avatAra' zabdane prakRtimAM zo artha saMbhavI zake che? paramAtmA koI svarganA mahelanI agAzI upara beThA nathI, jyAMthI pRthvI upara Utare, avatare. emanuM avataravuM eTale prakaTa thavuM eTale ja ene artha thaI zake che. ane e prAkaTaya yadyapi sarvatra ane sarvadA che, tathApi prakRtinAM keTalAMka viziSTa hRdayamAM ane keTalAka "vibhUtimata' manuja hRdayamAM viziSTa rUpe e prAkaTaya thatuM jaNAya che. A tAtvika arthamAM sarva dharmanA siddhAtamAM avatArane siddhAnta manAya che, kAraNa ke e

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724 sarvadharmapariSad ( siddhAnta dharma sAmAnyanI epistemology yAne jJAnaprAmANyazAstra ane psychology yAne mAnasazAstra enA upara racAelA che, eTaluM ja nahi, paNa dharma vastu pAte paramAtmAnA avatAra che, tethI kAine ema kahevAnA adhikAra nathI ke mhArA ja dharma sAcA che, ane anyane---- mhArA bhAInA--mithyA che. manuja buddhi ra'gameraMgI kAcanA banelA mahela che, jemAM paramAtmAnuM zubha teja aneka raMgathI raMgAIne prakaTe che--jo ke vastutaH sarva kAcamAM eka ja paramAtmAnuM teja camakI rahyuM che. kAie e paramAtmAnuM darzana eka AdarzamAM karyuM, khIjAe khIjA AdarzamAM karyuM, trIjAe trIjA AdarzamAM karyuM, paNa vastutaH sahu eka ja paramAtmAnuM darzana karI rahyA che. ceDAMka udAharaNa ApIe. grIse paramAtmAnuM dana vizeSataH saundarya ane buddhisUcaka vyavasthitimAM karyuM, jaracestI dharme jIvanadAyI ( * ahura ' ) daivI saMpanA mahAna ( ' majhada ') ane pavitra ( * aSA ' ) tejamAM karyuM, cAhudI dharme paramAtmAnA niyamapAlana ane sadAcAramAM karyuM, isu khriste paramAtmAnA vAtsalyarUpa prema ane zraddhAmAM karyuM, hajharata mahammade paramAbhAnI mahattA ane zaktimAM karyuM, bhagavAna mudde 'dhi' ( buddhijJAna ) ane tRSNAcchedamAM karyuM, jenAe tapa ane ahiMsAthI sAdhya rAgadveSAdi zatru uparanA je jaya ane e jaya thakI sAdhya AtmAnu nirthika kaivalya emAM karyuM, ane brAhmaNeAe AtmAnI bRhattA ane vizAlatA nAma brahmabhAva emAM karyuM. A sarva bhedha paDavAmAM deza kAla puruSa Adi upAdhi kAraNabhUta che, dharmanA mUlatattvamAM bheda nathI, kAraNu ke sa dharmanA dvAramAMthI eka ja paramAtmAnI jhAMkhI thAya che. A pratyeka dharma jovAthI ane vicAravAthI spaSTa pratIta thAya che ke sAmAnyataH manuSyanA AtmAne dhAraNa karavA, TakAvI rAkhavA, mATe je tattva joIe e hareka dharmAMmAMthI maLI zake che, ApaNe jee sAmAnya adhikAranAM ja manuSyA chIe emane mATe svadha enA rUDha rUpamAM paNa khasa che. ane jeone vizeSa AdhakAra prApta thaelA che emane mATe deza-DhAla-puruSAdi upAdhi thakI para evA je parama dharma gUDha hRdayaguhAmAM, ane itihAsAtmaka kAlaguhAmAM virAjamAna che, enuM dana, enu zaraNu, enuM avalambana, enuM pAna, enA AtmasAtkAra ane AtmabhAva sadA taiyAra che. AvA virala jana ane emane viziSTa adhikAra sarva dharmonAM rahasya samajhanAra mAne OM A AtmasAkSAtkAra nahi, 'AtmasAkAra 1 zabda che.

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sarvadharmapariSada 725 che. paNa emAM lakSyamAM rAkhavAnuM mAtra eTaluM ja che ke A viziSTa adhikAra jagatamAM virala che. bhavabhUtie kahyuM che ke eka ja rasa nimitta bhede pharI bhinna bhinna rUpamAM prakaTa thAya che, jema eka ja jaLa Avarta budabuda taraga ItyAdi vikAra dhAraNa kare che. A ja sthiti ApaNA prakRta vicArane paNa lAgu paDe che. eka ja alokika dharma nimittabhedathI aneka rUpa dhAraNa kare che. atava namrabhAvathI ApaNe paramAtmAne stavIzuM ke - dinAnAtharsi nRNAmeko gamyastvamasi payasAmarNava iva // " tathApi-"himA vs satyAdi muNA tara puSa#gNa satyamaya gha "x [vasanta, citra, saM. 1983] 4 vAcakanI mAhitI mATe atre jaNAvyuM ke A jAtanI-sarva dharmanI pariSaDhyAM jevI vicAra karavAnI yojanA hovI joIe tevI tyAM bilakula na hatI. gurukulanA eka vidvAnane bauddha dharma upara, eka bahAranA vidvAnane jana dharma upara, eka musalamAna bhAIne IslAma dharma upara ane guskulanA eka tIvra buddhivALA snAtakane AryasamAjanA siddhAnta upara eTalA ja lekha hatA. zrotAjanonuM maMDaLa hoTe bhAge ajJAna paMjAbI strIo ane puruSanuM hatuM. emanAmAM satya dharmanI jijJAsA ghaNuM hatI, paraMtu AvI pariSamAM jevI carcA thavI joIe tevI carcA thAya ane e samaje evuM teonuM jJAna jaNAtuM na hatuM. tethI mahe te paristhiti samajhIne ja mahArA lekhanA AraMbhanA be ane antane eka ema traNa ja peregrApha vAMcyA ane keTaluMka mahaethI prasaMgacita kahI nAMkhyuM. lekhamAM bauddha ane jaina dharmanA lekha te vyartha ja gayA. te pachI islAma dharmane lekha vAMcanAra muslima bhAI udAra hRdayanA hatA ane tethI emaNe A maMDaLamAM bhAga lIdho hato, veda dharmanAM paNa emaNe vakhANa karyA hatAM; paNa sarva dharmanuM zikhara IslAma che ema batAvavAne emane prabaLa prayatna hate. AryasamAjI lekhamAM IslAmanuM khaMDana hatuM, ane tethI musalamAna bhAIe phariyAda karI ke islAmane lekha pahele vaMcAvI laI pachI Aryana

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726 sarvadharmapariSadu samAjabhAIe pitAne lekha rAkhyo e anyAya che. koIke te AgaLa ke pAchaLa Ave ja, te mATe kharuM jotAM doSa pUrvApara kramane naheAte paNa je bhAvathI AvI pariSadamAM bhAga le joIe e bhAvanI khAmI ja deSarUpa hatI. mane lAgyuM che ke-rajata mahotsavanA meLA sAthe A pari patnI jana saMgata na hatI; ane tethI je UMcA uddezathI A pariSadu bharavAno vicAra karyo e udeza saphaLa na thayo. ATaluM pariSad mATe. have AryasamAjanA A pradhAna gurukula saMbadhI mahArA vicAra TUMkAmAM ahIM naidhuM. huM atyAra sudhI dhArato hato ke, saMsArasudhAre bAda karatAM A AryasamAjI saMsthA vidyArthIne vartamAna samayathI parADamukha banAve che. emAM mane keTaleka daraje mArI bhUla jaNAI. ane e huM atre jAhera karuM chuM. gurukulanI lAIbrerI aMgrejI pustakathI sArI bharelI che. tattvajJAna ane dharmanA pratye bahu ja che. eTaluM ja nahi paNa arthazAstra ane vartamAna rAjyatannane lagatAM pustaka paNa che. vidyArthIomAM dezaprema sAdAI ane daDhatA puSkaLa che, ane sevAne bhAva te asAdhAraNa che. hindusthAnano kadI paNa uddhAra thaze te te hamaNuM ja sAdhucarita Do. pI. sI. reye prasaMgakSamya ayuktithI dezanA zatru" evA vizeSaNathI vadhAvelA, paradezI lugaDAM ane phezanamAM mugdha banelA vilAyatI hindI vidyArthIothI, ke emanI jhAMkhI nakalarUpa ahInI sarakArI kolejanA vidyArthIothI thavAne nathI. e jyAre thaze tyAre pUrvokta prakAranA sAdA daDha svadezapremI ane sevAparAyaNa vidyArthIethI ja thaze, ane A guNa dharAvavA mATe huM kAMgaDI guskulanA vidyArthIone kharA hRdayathI dhanyavAda ApuM chuM. A jAtanA svatantra vidyAlayanA vidyArthIo mATe snAtaka thayA bAda udaranirvAhane prazna bhAre che. e prazno ukela lAvavA kAMgaDI gurukulanA vyavasthApakee zo yatna karyo che e jANavA huM utsuka hatA. usabhAnIA yunivarsiTine jema aligaDhe svIkArI lIdhI che tema kAMgaDI gurukulane kAzI vizva vidyAlaya svIkArI le ema teone svAbhAvika icchA che. paraMtu AzA upara besI rahenArA e puruSo nathI. emaNe kAMgaDImAM Ayurveda vibhAga rAkhyo che. ane enA abhyAsakramamAM aMgrejI vaidyaka ane zastravidyAne abhyAsa paNa jaLyo che. snAtaka thaIne keTalAka vidyArthIo AryasamAjanI skUlo ane kolejomAM adhyApaka tarIke sthAna meLave che, keTalAka patre calAve che, keTalAka upadezakanuM kAma kare che, ane upara kahelI navI yojanAthI have vidya-dAktaranA dhaMdhAmAM paNa keTalAka paDaze. keTalAkane paradezanI yuniha

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zrImadbhagavadgItA saMbandhI thADu'ka zrImaddabhagavadgItA saMbandhI thADu ka ( zrI sayAjIrAva vyAkhyAnamALAnA eka maNakA)* zrImana mahArAjA sAheba, henA ane bhAI A-- gaI AriyanTala kaoNngresane prasaMge huM vaDAdare AvyA hatA tyAre enA tattvajJAna" vibhAganA pramukha tarIke mhAre eka bhASaNa ApavAnuM hatuM; e vibhAgamAM dhaNA lekhA bhagavadgItAne lagatA heAvAthI bhagavadgItA saMbandhI huM kAMIka kheluM ema eka sUcanA thaI hatI. paNa vibhAganuM mULa svarUpa vadhAre vyApaka heAvAthI, ApaNAM darzanA saMbandhI ja----khAsa karIne, emanA paraspara saMbandha ane vikAsakrama viSe ja--ekalavAnuM nheM pasaMda karyuM hatuM. paraMtu bhASaNane ante eka khIjAM bhASaNu zrImadbhagavadgItA upara 717 siTimAM praveza meLavavAnuM hAlamAM eka manAvathI uttejana maLyuM che. traNa varSoM upara, kAMgaDI guskulanA eka vidyArthI je khanArasa yunisiTinI eriyanTala kAlejamAM adhyApaka hatA, te Arthika sthiti sAdhAraNa chatAM mAtra svanizcaya khaLathI DaoNkTareTa ' levA sArU gayA, tyAre emanA aMgrejI jJAnanI apUNutA, ane saMskRta paNa ApaNA keTalAkanI dRSTie madhyama prakAranuM joI amane Azcarya lAgeluM. paraMtu e vidvAna jarmeni ane AsTriyAmAM keTaluMka kAma karI iMgleMDa gayA ane tyAM dhakAnAmiksa (arthazAstra)mAM DaoNkTareTa meLavI eTaluM ja nahi paNa prasiddha saMskRta vidvAna 1. TAmasanA hAtha nIce hasta-likhita pustakAnI sUcI manAvavAmAM emaNe bhAre madada karI! A dAkhalAthI kAMgaDInA vidyArthIomAM utsAha AvyeA che. * prativarSa jAnyuArI mAsamAM athavA heALInA tahevArAmAM ( jyAre zrImanta mahArAjA sAhekhanI varSagAMThe Ave che) gujarAtI ane marAThI bhASAnA vidvAnAne pAtapeAtAne pasaMda paDatA viSaya upara vyAkhyAna ApavAne vaDAdare nAtaravA e A yeAjanAnuM svarUpa che. ceAjanA hamaNAM ja taiyAra thaI tethI A varSe pAMca gUjarAtI vyAkhyAnAthI ja AraMbha karavAmAM AvyA hatA. A uparAMta vyAkhyAnamALA zarU thatA pahelAM rAjyanA keLavaNI khAtAnA tathA thADA anya adhikArIe ane pUrvokta nimandrita vidvAnAnI sabhA bharI emAM sAhitya vagerene lagatA vividha prazno upara carcA karavAnI rIta paNa rAkhI che. "

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718 zrImaddabhagavadgItA saMbandhI thAtu ka paNa ApuM ema zrotAjanAe icchA darzAvI, tyAre anya kAI prasaMge ema karIza ema haiM vacana ApeluM. e vacana pALI RRNathI mukta thavAnA mane prasaMga maLe che evA eka hetuthI mheM AjanA viSaya pasa karyo che. paraMtu A sAthe bhaLeleA vadhAre mahattvanA hetu teA khIo e che ke zrImanta mahArAjA sAhebe A vyAkhyAnamALAnI apUrva yeAjanA sthApI che enuM prathama vyAkhyAna--je karavAnuM saubhAgya mane prApta thayuM che--te eka maMgaLAcaraNurUpa hevuM joI e, ane evA maMgaLAcaraNu mATe zrI kRSNa bhagavAnanI gAelI "gItA" karatAM vadhAre pavitra ane vadhAre magaLakArI viSaya bIjo zA hAI zake ? pazcimanA sAhityanA traNa yugeAnAM traNa pustakA mahAna manAya cheH prAcIna kALanuM heAmaranuM iliyaDa, madhyakALanuM DaeNnTInI hinhAIna kAmeDI, ane arvAcIna kALamAM zeksapiyaranAM nATakA. te ja pramANe ApaNA dhArmika sAhityanAM pustakA joI e to prAcIna kALamAM zrImadbhagavadgItA madhyakALamAM zrImadbhAgavata, ane arvAcIna kALamAM tulasIkRta rAmAyaNa dRSTi AgaLa tarI Ave che. dharmanA viSayamAM pRthvI upara Aja sudhI je kAMI buddhithI vicArAyuM che, vyavahAramAM AcArAyuM che, vA bhaktirasathI rasAyuM che te sarva A traNa pustakAmAM che, ane je tyAM nathI te anyatra kyAMya nathI. ane e sarvamAM bhagavadgItA Adya hAI prathama dRSTi khece che. hari OM - pArthAya pratibodhitAM bhagavatA nArAyaNena svayaM vyAsena grathitAM purANamuninA madhye mahAbhAratam / advaitAmRtavarSiNIM bhagavatImaSTAdazAdhyAyinI - mamba ! svAmanusandadhAmi bhagavadgIte ! bhavadveSiNIm // ema gItAne praNAma karI huM AgaLa cAluM chuM. gItAnA upadezane viSaya kaThina nathI ? kaThina che jaH aneka vidvAnAnI mati e upara manana karatAM kuMti thaI che. paNa te sAthe e sarala paNa che. A enI adbhutatA! bhavabhUti mahApuruSanA hRdaya mATe kahe che ke " vajrAdapi ktthorAni vRddhani anumApi --e " vajrathI paNa kaThaNa, ane kusumathI paNa kAmaLa hAya che," ane e te ja paramapuruSa kRSNa bhagavAnanA hRdayanI A udgAra mATe satya che. huM e kAmaLatAnuM zaraNu laI, gItAnA upadezanuM marma sAdAmAM sAdA rUpamAM ApanI AgaLa mUkavA yatna karIza. "" --

Page #786
zrImadabhagavadgItA saMbadhI thoDuMka 729 - - - "ta" eTale "gAelI". "gAelI' ema strIliMga zabda zA mATe? "gItA" ke "gAne kema nahi? aMgrejImAM gItAne artha "The Lord's song" karavAmAM Ave che. paNa enuM yathArtha bhASAntara -sung by the Lord" eTaluM ja thAya. atre vastusthiti e che ke "gItA" e enI pAchaLa adhyAhata upaniSadu-zabdanuM vizeSaNa che. upaniSat zabda saMskRtamAM strIliga che. sva nyAyamUrti telaMga gItAne anya upaniSathI vayamAM nAnuM eka upaniSad mAne che. bhagavadgItAmAM eka upaniSat nahi paNa aneka upaniSade saMgRhIta che tethI pratyeka adhyAyane ane "maTu mItApaniSag"--ema belAya che. paraMtu upaniSamAM je vividha viSayo AvelA che temAMthI khAsa pasaMda karelo eka viSaya brahmavidyA enuM gItAmAM nirUpaNa che tethI-"zrImad mAvItAjJaniSag vicAcA"--ema kahevAmAM Ave che. paraMtu brahmavidyAmAM kevaLa brahmanA svarUpanuM nirUpaNa hoya che. gItAmAM e te che ja, paNa e ene uddiSTa viSaya nathI. uddiSTa viSaya kAMIka karavuM, zuM karavuM ? e che. ane brahmasvarUpanirUpaNa e emAM aMgabhUta cheH evI rIte ke emAM brahmanuM svarUpa eTalA mATe ja batAvavAmAM AvyuM che ke e svarUpanI dRSTie ApaNuM AcAra vicAra kevA karavA joIe, kevI rIte karavA joIe, kevI dRSTithI karavA joIe ene nirNaya thaI zake. Ama gItAmAM jJAnane karmane viniyoga karavAmAM AvyA che. tethI kahe che ke "raviNAya nA arthata gItA e "onuM, eTale ke jJAnane karmamAM joDavAnuM, zAstra che. ane "gsory saMva" kRSNa ane arjunanA saMvAda rUpe jagatane maLeluM che. have, kRSaNa koNa? ane arjuna koNa?--e jarA samajhI laIe. gItAmAM mukhya upadeza jJAnane che ke karmane? karmane che ke bhaktine?-- ityAdi viSaya upara vidvAnoe aneka carcAo, vivAda, khaMDanamaMDana karyo che. ApaNe e jhaghaDAnI jALamAM na paDatAM, kRSNa koNa ane arjuna keNuM eTaluM ja barAbara samajhI laIzuM to A sarva praznonA uttara sahelAIthI maLI jaze. keTalAka samaya upara khristI pAdarIoe ane emanI sAthe cAlatA keTalAka pAzcAtya vidvAnee eka mAnyatA UbhI karI hatI ke bhagavaddagItA khristI dharmanI asara nIce lakhAI che, ane kRSNanI keTalIka kathAo pazcimamAMthI, eziyA mAInaranA khristI dharmamAMthI ane te pahelAMnI

Page #787
zrImadabhagavadgItA saMbandhI DuMka sanI kathAomAMthI utpanna thayelI che. paraMtu IsvIsana pUrvanA maLI AvelA aneka zilAlekhonA pramANuthI tema ja anya sAhityamAM maLI AvatA ulekhethI A kalpanA have heTe bhAge UDI gaI che. paraMtu e sarve pramANamAM eka pramANu huM UmeravA mAguM chuM. khristI pustakamAM khristane jema "bharavADa" nuM rUpaka ApyuM che tema, e ja rUpakanuM ApaNuM dezane anukUla rUpAntara karIne kRSNane gApa" kahevAmAM AvyA che. Ama kRSNakathA upara khristI dharmanI asara batAvanArane "viSNunA avAgyA, "caka gaNo isacAra" Adi Rveda sUktanAM vacane ApaNe yAda devaDAvI zakIe chIe-je jotAM spaSTa jaNAI Avaze ke ApaNu dezamAM viSNu paratve, ane tema kRNu paratve, gepa ane gAyokanI kalpanA bahu prAcIna samayathI cAlI AvatI hatI ane ene ja vistAra pAchaLathI purANAntargata kRNa gepAlanI kathAomAM thayo che. kRSNa keNu ane arjuna keNa, e jANavA mATe ApaNe mahAbhArata ja kema na UghADIe ? kRSNa ane arjuna mahAbhAratanA nAyake che, ane mahAbhAratanuM vAtAvaraNuM aitihAsika che-kalpita nathI paNa aitihAsika che, pachI bhale samagra vastunI saMkalanA ane enAM aMgabhUta varNane kavikalpanAthI thayAM haya, thayAM che ja--enI keIthI nA pADI zakAya ema nathI; tathApi e itihAsanA mULamAM rahelo, e ItihAsane upayoga karanAra, kavine hetu dhArmika che. enuM sUcana mahAbhAratanA maMgalAcaraNarUpa Adya lokamAM nArAyaNaM namaskRtya naraM caiva narottamam / devI sarasvatIM caiva tato jayamudIrayet // emAM thayuM che. mahAbhAratanA be nAyakeH kRSNa ane arjuna-emAM kRSNa te "nArAyaNa" ane arjuna te "nara". "nara" ne-jIvAtmAne-samUha te "nAra ane enuM "ayana" nAma gantavyasthAna te "nArAyaNa", paramAtmA. A "nara" ane "nArAyaNa"nI joDI kRSNa ane arjuna rUpe avatarI che ema zAstra kahe che. have e jeDI mULa kyAMthI AvI e juvaH kaThepaniSaddamAM A bhanna che dvA suparNA sayujA sakhAyA samAnaM vRkSa prisssvjaate| tayoranyaH pippalaM svAtti anaznannanyo'bhicAkazIti //

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zrImadbhagavadgItA saMbadhI thAka be pakSIo-arthAta jIvAtmA ane paramAtmA*-je sAthe sAthe rahe che ane "sakhAo' che, e saMsArarUpI eka ja vRkSa upara beThelAM che, emAMnuM eka-jIvAtmA-saMsAra rUpa vRkSanuM mIThuM phaLa khAya che, arthAta joktA bane che ane bIjuM-paramAtmA-e phaLa na khAtAM, bhaktA na banatAM, draSTA thaIne rahe che. e ja jIvAtmA ane paramAtmA, je sakhA hAI sAthe sAthe vasatA pakSI rUpe upaniSamAM kalpAelA che, emane badarikAzramamAM tapa karatA "nara" ane "nArAyaNa" rUpe ane emanA ja avatArabhUta arjuna ane kRSNa rUpe ItihAsa ane purANamAM oLakhAvyA che. kRSNane samasta mahAbhAratamAM arjunanA sakhA rUpe, ane jIvanayuddhanA dharmakSetramAM arjunane gheranAra sArathirUpe varNavyA che e kema te A rIte samajhAI jAya che. vizeSamAM, Apa jANe che ke kRSNabhagavAne arjunanA sArathi thavAnuM svIkAryuM te sAthe e paNa pratijJA karI hatI ke pote yuddhamAM zastra grahaNuM nahi kare, arthAta jAte nahi laDhe-e apUrva ghaTanAnuM rahasya paNa have samajhAya che, kAraNa ke paramAtmA draSTA ane netA che, kartA ane bhoktA jIva che. A pramANe prAcIna vastunI samAlocanA karavAthI * samajhAya che ke kRSNa ane arjuna eTale paramAtmA ane jIvAtmA, ane emano saMvAda, saMlApa te "kRSNanasaMvAdazrImad bhagavadgItA. have e mahAna granthanA upadezarahasya upara AvIe. ApaNAM zAstramAM sahuthI pahele vicAra "adhikAra"ne heya che. "adhikAra"ne artha privilege" nathI, "right' che ane e "right' ne nirNaya karavA mATe zrotAnuM moral and spiritual equipment dhyAnamAM levAya che. A Relativityne siddhAnta e educationkeLavaNInA zAstramAM hindane kiMmatI phALe che. gItAnA zravaNane adhikArI kezu? e adhikArI jIva, jIvamAtra, manuSyamAtra ane tethI ja gItA e amuka manuSyanuM nahi paNa samasta manuSyajAtinuM dharmapustaka gaNAvA yogya che. paNa ahIM dhyAnamAM rAkhavuM ke gItAkAranI manuSyatAnI kalpanA jarA UMcI che. manuSya deva nathI, paNa e pazu paNa nathI. gItA dharmarAja yudhiSThirane upadezavAmAM * keTalAka A be te baddhajIva ane muktajIva ema artha kare che. e rIte letA arjuna ane kRSNa te badhujIva ane muktajIva ema arthe thayo. ethI gItA paratve ApaNe je kahevAnuM che emAM phera nathI paData. muktajIva ane bahuchavane saMvAda che ema artha thaze. vastu eka ja raheze,

Page #789
hara zrImadbhagavadgItA saMbandhI thoDuMka AvI nathI tema duHzAsananI chAtI phADIne enuM rudhira pIvAne utsuka evA kSaNavAra narapazu banavA taiyAra thaelA bhImane paNa upadezI nathI: e upadezane adhikArI ajuna che. ne yudhiSThira, na bhImada arthAta sAmAnya manuSya, "nara"---je dhAre te kAmakrodhAdine vaza na thatAM pitAnI jAtane buthanusAra derI zake (nI dhAtu uparathI), e gItAnA upadezane adhikArI che. ApaNuM jevo ja ? nA. ApaNuthI UMce. gItAnA ghaNuM vAMcanArAo arjunane gabharAele kRpaNa kAtara, "klIba" je thaI gaelo eka pAmara jIva samajhe che. huM ene eka mahAna chava samajuM chuM. enI muMjhavaNa mahArA hadayamAM ene mATe mAna utpanna kare che. na kAMkSe vijayaM kRSNa na ca rAjyaM sukhAni ca / kiM no rAjyena govinda kiM bhogairjIvitena vA // 1-31 yeSAmathai kAGkitaM no rAjya bhogAH sukhAni ca / ta ime'vasthitA yuddhe prANAMstyaktvA dhanAni ca // 33 . AcAryAH pitaraH putrAstathaiva ca pitAmahAH / mAtulAH zvasurAH pautrAH zyAlAH saMbandhinastathA // 34 etAnna hantumicchAmi nato'pi madhusUdana / api trailokyarAjyasya hetoH kiM nu mahote // 35 he kRSNa! hAre vijaya na joIe, rAjya na joIe, sukha na joIe. juvo te kharA. A kaNa mahArA sAmA UbhA che jemanI sAthe mahAre laDhavAnuM che? eo bhale mane mArI nAMkhe, huM emane nahi mArUM traNa lekanA rAjya khAtara paNa nahi. pachI A hAnI pRthvI mATe te zuM ja? zuM huM emanA "rUdhire kharaDyA bhegI bhegavIza? mukAya bhogAna rudhirapradigdhAna-2-5 A "kalabanAM, nirbaLa pAmara jIvanAM vacano nathI, paNa UMcA AtmAnA dharmasaMkaTa vakhatanA saMkecanA ugAre che, tethI gItAnA pahelA adhyAyane huM kevaLa arjunanA viSAda rUpe samajhata nathI; e viSAda yogarUpa che-"saNunaviSAdaLa nAma"--arthAta jIvAtmA paramAtmA sAthe joDavAnuM e sAdhana che. e deSa nathI, paNa guNa che; ane deza che te mahAna AtmAnI mahattAne doSa che-It is the last infirmity of noble minds.' of ja premAnanda. ke anya prasaMge milTananA zabda,

Page #790
zrImadbhagavaddagItA saMbadhI DuMka Ama ajuna te madhyamAdhikArI manuSya paNa te UMcI koTine madhyamAdhikArI ATaluM samajhI levAthI gItAne jJAna bhakti ane karma saMbadhI upadeza yathAtharUpe samajhAze. gItA saMbadhI A prazna vAraMvAra pUchAya che ke gItA zuM upadeze che?--jJAna karma ke bhakita? A upara TIkAkArAe ghaNA vArdavivAda karyA che. ane sahu pakSavALAe pitapotAnA siddhAntanA samarthanamAM gItAnAM vacane TAMkyAM che. paNa ApaNe e zabdajALamAM nathI paDavuM. ApaNe chUTA chavAyAM vAkyanuM avalaana na karatAM gItAnA hRdayamAM pahoMcI javuM che. ane e rIte joIe chIe to gItA nathI jJAna upadezatI, nathI karma upadezatI, nathI bhakita upadezatIH e te rAja" che, arthAta "ga" upadeza cheH jJAnayoga upadeza che, karmayoga upadeze che. bhaktiyoga upadeze che. "ga" eTale ajJAna loka samajhe che tema palAMThI vALavI ke AMkho mIMcavI ke zvAsocchavAsa reko ema nahi paNa; ( yu dhAtu uparathI) ga" eTale joDavuM, jIvAtmAne paramAtmA sAthe joDo. e joDavAnuM sAdhana te "ga". "jJAnaga" eTale kevaLa jJAna nahi, paNa evuM jJAna ke je jIvAtmAne paramAtmA sAthe joDe; e pramANe "karmacAga te e karma ke je jIvAtmAne paramAtmA sAthe joDe; ane "bhaktiyoga" te e bhakti ke je jIvAtmAne paramAtmA sAthe joDe; Ane bAladhArtha eka AkRti kADhIne batAvIe te eka trikeNu derIe. enuM zirobinyuM paramAtmA ane bAjunI be lITIo te "jJAnayoga ane karmavega; ane zibinduthI bhUmikA tarapha sIdhI lITI derIe te "bhakitayogaH" paramAtmA jJAna-yoga bhakti-ga karma-vega bhakita jJAna ahIM prasaMgavazAta e paNa joI zakIe chIe ke jJAna ane karma e benI lITIo lAMbI che. TUMkI lITI ane sIdhI lITI bhaktinI che. *

Page #791
734. zrImadbhagavadgItA saMbandhI DuMka paNu daSTAnta hamezAM pUrepUrAM saMtoSakAraka hetAM nathI. jJAna, karma ane bhakti-je eka ja AtmAnI Intellect or Understanding, will and Emotion e traNa vRttinAM svarUpa che-e A lITIonI mAphaka sarvathA ekabIjAthI alaga hotAM nathI. temAM paNa jyAre emane paramAtmA prati lagADavAmAM Ave che (ja), tyAre prApya vastu eka heI, emanI ekatA paNa enI meLe ja phalita thAya che. ApaNuM sAmAnya vyavahAranA jIvanamAM paNa temane eka bIjAthI chUTAM paDatAM kevAM karuNa pariNAma nIpaje che ene upadeza zeksapiyare leTa, Athelo ane liyara e karuNarasanI nATakatrayImAM karyo cheH hemleTa e kriyAzanya ekatika buddhinI TrejeDI (karuNa pariNAma) che. Athele e buddhizanya ekAttika karmanI TrejeDI che, ane liyara vicArazanya ekAtika premanI TrejeDI che. paNa atre je sAdhane kahyAM, jJAna karma ane bhakti ane samanvaya -haraDAM beDAM ane AmaLAM e traNenuM cUrNa karI traNe cUrNane ekaThAM karI e ekaThuM kareluM cUrNa pA tela madhamAM levuM--e rIte karavAnuM nathI. hareka vyaktie pitApitAnA AtmAnI bhUkha ane khAmI dhyAnamAM laIne, jJAna karma ane bhaktinuM yathocita sevana karavAnuM che. jagatamAM saghaLAM manuSya samAna ruci ane samAna zakitavALAM hotAM nathI. keImAM jJAna saMpAdana karavA mATe joItI buddhizakti hoya che, kaImAM karma karavAnuM adhika baLa hoya che, keImAM bhakti mATe joItuM Arda hadaya hoya che. eee potapotAnA svAbhAvika valaNa anusAra pitAnuM sAdhana pasaMda karavAnuM che. paNa jema svAbhAvika valaNa jovAnuM che tema pratyeka vyakitae pita pitAmAM jenI UNapa hoya te pUravA mATe bIjA sAdhanonuM sevana karatA rahevAnuM che. arjunamAM A samaye svajana pratye sArAsAra vivekarahita evA Adara ane dayAnA bhAva prakaTa thayA hatA. paraMtu je sanAtana satyanA prakAzamAM upasthita thaelo prazna vicAre joIe e sanAtana satya enI daSTimAMthI khasI gayuM hatuM. te mATe gItAmAM arjunane e satya dekhADavAne, ane e sanAtana satyane paMthe cAlavA mATe je hRdayanuM baLa joIe e baLa ApavAne kRNano prayatna che. arthAta karma e gItAmAM jarUra kendrasthAne che, paNa e karmane karmayoga karavA mATe jJAna ane bhaktinA upadezanI paNa jarUra che. karma pUratuM ja je gItAnuM tAtparya heta te "tamAn yudghagha mArata" eTaluM ja kahevu basa hatuM ane bahe

Page #792
zrImadbhagavadgItA saMbadhI DuMka 735 te "jJAtivA vidhAno vA kuMmiti ," arthAta zAstramAM kSatriya mATe je karma batAvelAM che te tyAre karavAM joIe eTaluM ja kahevuM paryApta hatuM. paraMtu tema na karatAM kRSNa pitAnA upadezamAM "zerA", ji" ane "puruSottama"--anAtmA, AtmA ane paramAtmA-saMbaMdhI puSkaLa jJAna bharyuM che; ane e jJAnamAM rasa pUravA tathA ene gatimAna (dynamic) karavA paramAtmAnI bhakti upadezI che. tema ja e bhakti jagADavA mATe paramAtmAnuM sundara ane bhavya svarUpa anekavAra varNavyuM che. Ama gItAne je "advaitAmRtavarSiNa" kahI che te mAtra jIvAtmA ane paramAtmAnA adaitanuM varNana kare che te mATe ja nahi, paNa jJAna, karma ane bhaMtinA chUTA paDI gaelA mArgone eka karavAnuM mahAna kArya gItAe karyuM che te mATe paNa Tenisana kahe che tema "Self-knowledge, self-reverence, self-control These three alone lead life to sovran power". Ane saMskRtamAM utArIe tene na phArmA maMDyA rAyamdhigmyte // A traNa mArga vaDe paramAtmAne yoga sAdhavAnuM gItA kahe che. paraMtu e paramAtmAnuM svarUpa kevuM che? e paramAtmAne kyAM zodhavo? e kyAM jaDe ? A manuSyanA manananA mahAna prazno che. e viSe gItA zuM kahe che e joIe. eTaluM joIne AjanuM kArya ApaNe samApta karIzuM. kAraNa ke huM Apane prathamathI niyata karelA samaya karatAM vadhAre rokavA Icchato nathI. paramAtmA A jagatane bhraSTA che. paraMtu e A jagatane bahAra rahyo sarjatuM nathI, jema kubhAra ghaDe banAve che tema. paNa ene pitAmAMthI vA pitAnI ja svarUpabhUta prakRtimAMthI sarje che. A vedAntane suprasiddha siddhAnta che ane e ja gItAne cheH prakRti svAmavaSTabhya visRjAmi punaH punH| bhUtagrAmamimaM kRtsnamavazaM prakRtervazAt // 9-4 -ityAdi. prabhu jagatane sajIne Agho beThelo nathI-ghaDIALI ghaDIALa banAvIne A rahe tema e jagatane "mo ja pramua =" - ktA ane svAmI che. A vizvarU5 sundara ane bhavya kAvyane e kavi che, e A vizvane ane ApaNe anuzAsitA nAma niyAmaka che. (" purAimanuSasitAra") paNa e eka hRdayahIna daMDadhara

Page #793
736 zrImaddabhagavadgItA saMbandhI thoDuMka niyAmaka nathI. "pitAzi hoya vAvAjI ravamaya jUtha suratana"--e A carAcara vizvane mAyALu ane sanmArga deranAra pitA che, pUjya che, mahAna guru che. na kevaLa pUjya pitA ke guru che, paNa premabharI vatsala mAtA che. ("mAtA pAtA pitAmag:") ApaNe pitA AgaLa je nirbhayatAthI hadaya khulluM karI na zakIe te mAtA AgaLa karI zakIe. paNa mAtA AgaLa paNa hadayanA saghaLA bhAva, saghaLI - dharI na zakIe. emAMnuM keTaluMka to mitra AgaLa ja thAya. tethI paramAtmAne sudauM sarvabhUtAnAM nivAsa phAra .... ... raghu....ityAdi vacanathI jIvAtmAne mitra ane sakhA. paNa kahyo che. paNa mitra ane sakhA karatAM paNa ekatAmAM caDhe e eka saMbandha che ane te pati-patnIne. te mATe arjuna "biraH vicAcAuMsi seva rotu"ema kAryo che. kAvyanI vANImAM A jIvAtmA ane paramAtmAnA nikaTa saMbandhanI parAkASThA che. e madhura saMbaMdha UMcAmAM UMcA ane saralamAM sarala bhakta hRdayae ja jANyo che. arvAcIna bhAratamAM jayadeva ane caitanya e anubhavyo hato. IslAma dharmanA suphI panthIoe ene rasa pIdho che. khristI dharmamAM krAIsTane varanI ane carca (dharmasaMgha) ne vadhUnI upamA kapIne batAvyo che, ane e dharmanI prasiddha sAvI kumArikA seinTa TeresAe e anubhavyo hate. * << Hence the Soul's devotion to the Deity is pictured by Radha's self-abandonment to her beloved Krishna, and all the hot blood of Oriental passion is encouraged to pour fourth one mighty flood of praise and prayer to the Infinite Creator, who waits with loving, outstretched arms to receive the worshipper into his bosom, and to convey him safely to etemal rest across the seemingly shoreless Ocean of Existence. Yet I am persuaded that no indecent thought entered their minds when they wrote those burning words; and to those who could protest, as I have often heard the protest made, against using the images of the lupunar in dealing with the most sacred mysteries of the Soul, I can only answer: " Wer den Dichter will verstehen Muss in Dichters Lande gehen," -Sir George Grierson the author of "The Literature of Hindustan ", in his " Introduction to the Satsaiya" of Biharilal.

Page #794
zrImadbhagavadgItA saMbandhI thADuka 737 paraMtu pati-patnI paNa e maLIne eka thAya che eTalA pUratA paNa dvaitabhAva na AvI jAya te mATe gItAmAM paramAtmAne jIva sAthe aMzAzibhAva paNa kahyo che: 1 mamaivAMzo jIvaloke jIvabhUtaH sanAtanaH paraMtu A a~zAzibhAvathI paNa AgaLa vadhI kSetrajJa nApi mAM viddhi" ema sarvathA ekatA khatAvI che. paNa je vedAntanA siddhAntanA ema artha kare che ke jIvAtmA ane paramAtmAnuM sarvathA advaita che, ane tethI pRti sarve upamA pAmara jIvane phAsalAvavA mATe ke UMce adhikAre mAtra caDhAvavA mATe che teo bhUla kare cheH kAI paNa eka sabandhathI enuM svarUpa pUrepurUM yathArtha varNavI zakAtuM nathI, tethI e sarva sabandha che, ane nathI: ema tAtparya che. kharekhara, e adbhuta tattvane ApaNe kevI rIte varNavI zakIe ? "" vastune kharekhara jANavI hAya tA enuM parAkSa varNana sAMbhaLIne besI na rahevAya. ene sAkSAt anubhavavI joie. prabhune zI rIte anubhavavA ? ene anubhavavAnA mArga jeTalA ane jevA gItAmAM batAvavAmAM AvyA che teTalA ane tevA bhAgye ja jaganA khIjA kAI dharmapustakamAM eka sthaLa batAvelA joze. prathama teA, jJAna karma ane bhaktinuM je sevana karavA kahyuM che temAM ja prabhunA sAkSAtkAra thatA jAya che. prabhu jJAna karyuM ane bhaktinA mArge vaDe pahoMcavAnA sAmA beThelA puruSa ke padArtha nathI. e te e traNenI kriyAmAM kriyAnI sAthe ja anubhavAtA jAya che. paraMtu manuSya AvA antamAM lapAelA anubhava karatAM vadhAre spaSTa anubhava mAge che. eka prAkRta samajhaNa tA evI che ke prabhune bhajIzuM teA maraNa pachI svargamAM prabhunuM darzana thaze. paNa A te dharmanA vicAramAM khAladaSTi che. arjuna A karatAM bahu UMcA adhikArI hatA. ane ApaNe paNa e karatAM kAMIka * UMcA adhikArI hAvAnA dAvA karIe to temAM mithyAbhimAna nathI. jANItuM che ke manuSya jyAre bahAra vizvamAM prabhune zeAdhIne saMteASa na pAmyA tyAre eNe antamAM prabhune zeAdhavA mAMDayA, ane e rIte dhyAna samAdhi vagere mAnasika kriyAe ceAjavAmAM AvI. gItAe A mArge avagaNyA nathI, paNa ene jJAna karma ane bhaktinI samAna kakSAnA na gaNatAM, emanA paripASaka rUpe batAvyA che; je vastutaH jJAna kama ane bhaktithI anubhavAya che. tene anubhavamAM vizeSa dRDha karavA mATe, emAMthI mana khasI jatuM hAya. te| ene ThekANe besADavA mATe, dhyAnayeAga che, paNa je vastunuM kAMIka 93

Page #795
738 zrImadbhagavadgItA saMbadhI gheADuMka paNa darzana thayuM hoya tenuM dhyAnayAganI prakriyAthI vizeSa darzana" thaI zake paNa prathama teA e darzana ja kyAM meLavavuM e prazna che. gItAe khArthe sRSTi avagaNI nathI. bahArathI AMkha khaseDIne antamAM jozA te ja prabhu dekhAze ema eNe kahyuM nathI. enA upadezamAM to AkhuM vizva prabhuthI bhareluM che, mAtra jotAM AvaDavuM joie. prabhu jagatanA sraSTA ja nathI ke jethI ene vizvanI mahAra zeAdhavA paDe. pratyeka padArthanuM Antara tattva, enuM AdabhUta svarUpa prabhu peAte che. rasoshamapsu kaunteya prabhAsmi zazisUryayoH / praNavaH sarvavedeSu zabdaH khe pauruSaM nRSu // 7-8 puNyo gandhaH pRthivyAM ca tejazcAsmi vibhAvasau / jIvanaM sarvabhUteSu tapazcAsmi tapasviSu // 7-9 bIjaM mAM sarvabhUtAnAM viddhi pArtha sanAtanam / buddhirbuddhimatAmasmi tejastejasvinAmaham // 7-10 balaM balavatAM cAhaM kAmarAgavivarjitam / dharmAviruddha bhUteSu kAmo'smi bharatarSabha // 7-11 A kathana mAtra sAMbhaLIne besI rahevAnuM nathI; paNa emAM je diSTa kahI che te keLavavI joIe. vastuta:, upara jaNAvelA padArthImAM ApaNane prabhunuM darzana thavuM joie, ane e thavA mAMDe tyAra pachI ja AdhyAtmika vikAsanA kramamAM ApaNe AgaLa vadhI zakIe. prabhu AkhA vizvamAM 'sabhara bharyAM ' hAvA chatAM, keTalAMka sthAnavizeSamAM enuM teja vizeSa prakaTa thAya "Yoga is an honour to India. Selfrestraint, the deliverance of the mind from disturbing impressions, from the enticements upon the one thing needful, pure spirituality, has been insisted on by Bhaktas as well as by Buddhas, Jainas, and the great men of the Upanishads, a Yajnavalkya, the preacher of the mysticism of Brahiman-Atman, and a Kapila, the author of the scientific view of the universe It is true that man might save himself when no divinity was available. But when god has revealed himself in his power and love to seekers of salvation, Yoga, ascetic exercises are more than ever necessary in order to keep the soul free from the world while the duties of life are being performed"--Nathan Soderflom ( Gifford Lectures for 1931) dharamapu

Page #796
zrImadbhagavatgItA saMbadhI thAka che. evAM vizeSa prAkaTacanAM sthAna gItAmAM aneka gaNAvyAM che, jene gItA vibhUti' kahe che. vibhUti eTale vizeSa bhavana, vizeSa rUpe thavuM. dazamA adhyAyamAM bhagavAne sthAvara jaMgama, pazu pakSI, deve manuSya AdimAM prabhunI vibhUtio batAvI che. paraMtu e badhI batAvatAM chatAM paNa prabhunI vibhUtione pAra AvatuM nathI, tethI antamAM jaIne bhagavAna kahe che. yadyavibhUtimatsatvaM zrImarjitameva vA / tattadevAvagaccha tvaM mama tejoMzasaMbhavam / / athavA bahunatena kiM jJAtena tavArjuna / viSTabhyAhamidaM kRtsnamekAMzena sthito jagat // 10-41-42 A vizvamAM je je sundara (zrIma7-Beautiful) ane bhavya (nira-ojasvI-Sublime), paramAtmAnI vibhUtivALI vastu dekhAya che te sarve enA tejamAMthI utpanna thaI che. TUMkamAM, A AkhuM jagata pitAnA eka aMza mAtrathI bharIne, TekAvIne prabhu rahelo che. prabhu jyAM aNuaNumAM bhareluM che, tyAM e mahApuruSAmAM (Heroes of the world) vase che emAM te zuM ja kahevuM? jagatamAM je kAMI hAnA mahetAnA UMcA nIcAnA bheda paDe che e paramAtmAnI vibhUtinI nyUnAdhikatAne laIne. paraMtu DIghaNu te e vibhUti sarvatra che. para tu A uparAMta sAdhAraNa rIte jyAM ApaNuM dhyAna jatuM nathI evAM prabhudarzananAM keTalAMka sthAna paNa che. jarmana tatvajJa kArane upara tArakita gaganamaMDaLamAM ("in the starry heavens above"), ane antamAM prakAzatA nItinA niyamamAM (in the morol law within") prabhunuM darzana thayuM, paNa enI nItinI dRSTi prati vyaktimAM samApta thatI hatI ane tethI te vyakti uparAMta janasamAjane joI zakaze nahi. prabhu na kevaLa bAhya jagatamAM, manujanA antamAM paNa vaselo che ema gItA kahe che. bhUmirApo'nalo vAyuH kha mano buddhireva ca / ahaMkAra rUrI che minnA pratiSThA - apareyamitastvanyAM prakRti viddhi me parAm / novabhUtAM mahAbAho yayedaM dhAryate jagat // 7-5 ahamAtmA guDAkeza sarvabhUtAzayasthitaH / 10-20 phreizvaraH sarvabhUtAnAM DhoDA tigta ! 28-6

Page #797
740 zrImadbhagavadagItA saMbandhI thoDuMka paraMtu e karatAM AgaLa jaIne janasamAjanI racanAmAM paNa prabhune hAtha che ema gItA kahe che. janasamAja manuSya jANe che ke e pite race che, paNa vastutaH jeTale aMze manuSya saMskRti prabhunA mahAna uddezane saphala kare che teTale aMze e . prabhunI ja kRti che. bhagavAna kahe cheH cAturva mA zu zuvimAnaH | ahI "cAturvarNa"-zabda bahu bodhaka che. cAturvaNya' eTale cAra judA judA varNo nahi, paNa cAra varNone eka samUha (caturNA varSonAM rAtu ). ahIM prabhunA ekAneka svarUpanuM pratibimba eNe salA ane enA pratIkarUpa (manuSyajAtinA) janasamAjamAM paNa paDe che. e janasamAjanA niyamana vaDe prabhu manuSyane enI saMskRtimAM UMce caDhAve che. e saMskRtimAM jyAre jyAre vikSepa Ave che tyAre tyAre prabhu ja emAMthI manuSyane ane kharI rIte manuSyasaMskRtine uddhAraka thAya che. bhagavAna kahe che ke - yadA yadA hi dharmasya glAnirbhavati bhArata / abhyutthAnamadharmasya tadAtmAnaM sRjAmyaham // kahevAnI jarUra nathI ke ApaNuM "dhI" zabdanuM ApaNe aMgrejImAM "Religion' zabdathI bhASAntara karIe chIe, paNa vastutaH "dharma" zabda Religion zabda karatAM bahu vizALa arthane bodhaka che. "Civilization" e vizAlatAmAM "Religion' karatAM vadhAre pAseno zabda che. paraMtu ene paNa kevaLa aihika arthamAM na letAM, ehika ane pAratrika ubhaya arthamAM laIe tyAre ja e zabda "dharma' zabdanI nikaTa pahoMce che. dharma" eTale je vaDe A bAhya jagata ane Antara AtmA baMnenuM dhAraNa thAya che te tatva. ("dharma"mAM mana e abstract tatvavAcaka pratyaya che.) A vizALa arthamAM dharma jyAre jyAre kSINa thAya che, ane enA virodhI tattvanI vRddhi thAya che tyAre tyAre prabhu pite avatare che; sakama karanAranuM rakSaNa kare che ane duSkarma karanArane nAza kare che. yadA yadA hi dharmasya glAnirbhavati bhArata / abhyutthAnamadharmasya tadAtmAnaM sRjAmyaham // 4-7 paritrANAya sAdhUnAM vinAzAya ca duSkRtAm / dharmasaMsthApanArthAya saMbhavAmi yuge yuge // 4-8

Page #798
zrImaddbhagavadgItA saMbandhI ceDriMka harSa manujasaMskRtinA itihAsanuM A 'Spiritual interpretation ' che, ane e ja e itihAsanI kharI ane UMDI samajhaNa che. paraMtu A UMDA satya upara manuSyanI dRSTi jatI nathI. kSaNavAra jAya che tApaNu enI pratibhA evI khalavatI nathI ke e satya ene dRSTigAcara thAya. evI pratibhA prabhukRpAthI ja prApta thAya che. kRSNe arjunane divya dASTa ApI, enI pratibhA jagADI, netra udhADI dIdhAM. tyAM itihAsanA bhavya paTa enI dRSTi AgaLa khullo thaye, itihAsamAM prakaTa thatuM prabhunuM bhavya rUpa ekAdazAdhyAyamAM kRSNe bahu prakhaLa rIte, adbhuta zabdazaktithI batAvyuM che. e adhyAyanI kharI TIkA Gibbon's " Decline and Fall of the Roman Empire" che, ane evAM ja meSaka prakaraNA hindusthAnanA lAMbA itihAsamAM ghaNAM jovAmAM Avaze, je prabhunuM darzana karAvavA samartha che jo ke enA ucita aitihAsika grantha hajI racAve! khAkI che. prabhunI A bhavyatAnuM darzana pAmara manuSya enI manuSyatAnA hakathI jarUra Icche, paNa te keTalA kALa sahana karI zake? Akhare te| ene paramAtmAnuM " saumya vapu" ja joI e. enI bhavyatA AgaLa manuSyanuM zira name che. paNa AkhA mIcAI jAya che; tethI enI sundaratA ja manuSyane game che je e nitya nihALI zake. ApaNe paNa manuSya jAtinA asaMkhya visaMvAdo, virAdhA zamAvI, emAM ekatAnuM madhura saMgIta pUranAra rAsezvara aMsIdhara kRSNanuM smaraNa karI, mahArAjA sAhebanI A sundara ceAjanAnuM ma`gaLAcaraNa samApta karIzuM. [vasanta, jyeSTha saMvat 990]

Page #799
74ra jaina dharma prasAraka sabhAnA pramukhapadethI ApeluM bhASaNa jaina dharma prasAraka sabhAnA suvarNa mahotsavamAM pramukhapadethI ApeluM bhASaNa. zrI bhAvanagara jaina dharma prasAraka sabhAnI sthApanAne pacAsa varSa thayAM e nimitte sabhA ene suvarNa mahotsava Aja ujave che e zubha prasaMge pramukhapada bhAratabhUSaNa mahAmanA 5, zrI cAlavIyAjI levAnA hatA, paraMtu emane vicAra hAla turata ja IgleMDa javAno hovAthI e sabhAnI vinaMti svIkArI zakyA nahi. A sthitimAM sabhAe mane nimaMtraNa dIdhu-banArasa hindu yunivarsiTImAM paMDitajI pAse huM kAma karuM chuM tethI ke eka gujarAtI bhAI tarIke ke anya koI kAraNathI sabhAne mahAruM nAma sUjhayuM. paNa zAthI sUjhayuM e huM cekakasa jANatuM nathI-game tema che, paNa huM to mane anukULa paDate ja ene artha karuM chuM ane te e ke-mahArA brAhmaNa hovA chatAM jaina dharmanA eka mahAsiddhAnta syAdavAda pratye hArI ruci jANItI che ane tethI ja kadAca jainadharma prasAraka sabhAnI pasaMdagI mahArA upara UtarI haze. e ruci keTalI jUnI che ane eno bhAvanagara sAthe kevo saMbaMdha che ene vicAra karatAM hArA aMtamAM aneka "te di no vivAdaH kRtAra Aja smRtimAM upasthita thAya che. Apa sarva jANatA ja haze ke jaina tatvajJAnane eka pratiSThita grantha yAtrAmabee saMskRta sIrIjhamAM saTippaNa prasiddha karavAnuM kAma-mahArASTra vidyAbadhu svargastha pro. maNilAla nabhubhAI dvivedIne-ghaNu karI je sabhAne suvarNa mahotsava Aja ApaNe UjavI rahyA chIe enI sthApanA pachI lagabhaga turatanA samayamAM, A ja nagarImAM sAmaLadAsa kolejanA saMskRtinI prophesara tarIke maNibhAI kAma karatA hatA te ja samayamAM-seMpavAmAM AvyuM hatuM. emanA svargavAsa pachI sIrIjhanA tannIoe e kAma hune sepyuM ane te pachI lAMbI nidrA laI lagabhaga trIsa varSe jAgI be varSamAM daDha saMkalpa ane prayatnathI mahe e samApta karyuM. A sthitimAM jaina dharma prasAraka sabhAe mahane jUnAM smaraNe tAjAM karavAne ane mahAre doSa svIkAravAne aNadhAryo prasaMga yojI Ave te mATe huM e sabhAne upakAra mAnuM chuM. pAzcAtya vidvAnoe emanA AraMbhanA vidyAkALamAM ApaNA itihAsanI je kalpanA ApaNane bAMdhI ApI hatI te ghaNAM varSo sudhI

Page #800
jaina dharma prasAraka sabhAnA pramukhapadethI ApeluM bhASaNa 743 manAI paNa have sUkSmatAthI joI-vicArIne pazcima ane pUrvanA ghaNuM vidvAne mAne che ke prathama vedanI saMhitAne dharma, te pachI brAhmaNane, te pachI AraNyake ane upaniSadene, ane te pachI jaina ane bauddhone dharma-evA te te dharmanA kAlika kramavAra parasparabhinna tabake nathI. te te graMthamAM je je gUMthavAmAM AvyuM che te uparAMta te ja granthonA kALamAM bIjuM ghaNuM bahAra vistareluM hatuM-jenAM sUcaka cihyA te te granthamAM upalabdha thAya che paNa je e granthamAM nibaddha nathI. A dRSTie jotAM, granthonA kAlakrama anusAra te te granthanI utpatti mAnI vastune kAlakrama ApaNe kapIe te bhUlAvAmAM paDIe. pArzvanAtha ane mahAvIrasvAmI I. sa. pUrve AThamA ane chaThThA saikAmAM thayA, tethI emaNe prarUpelo dharma paNa emanA samayathI ja astitvamAM Avyo ema mAnavuM bhUlabhareluM che. e dharma jhINuM vigate bAda karatAM enA tAtvika svarUpamAM bahu pahelAM hatA ema mAnavAne pUratAM kAraNe che. ahIM ApaNe eTaluM smaraNamAM rAkhavuM joIe ke - jaina, bauddha, brAhmaNa evI paraspara vibhedaka zabdAvali ApaNu vigrahakALanI zabdAvali che. mULamAM, jeoe ikiyAdika upara tathA eNe prerelA rAgadveSAdi zatruo upara jaya meLavyo che, satyanA tejathI jeonAM Atara cakSu UghaDI gayAM che, jeonI daSTi kRpaNa nahi paNa bRhata-sAMkaDI nahi paNa vizALa-thaI gaI che teo ja vastutaH kramavAra "jaina" bauddha" ane "brAhmaNa" zabdavAcya che. ApaNe rAgadveSAdinI jALamAM na paDyA heta, ajJAnathI ApaNuM netrane chavAvA na dIdhAM hata, ApaNuM daSTi sAMkaDI nahi paNa vizALa rAkhI hota, te ApaNe sahu bhinnabhinna vivakSAthI "jaina", "bauddha" ke "brAhmaNa" na kahevAta. aMgrejI lojikanI paribhASAmAM bolIe to eka ja denotation vALA padArthanAM A judAM judAM connotations che ane te connotations paNa kevAM ke eka bIjAmAM bhaLelAM, eka bIjAthI chUTA na pADI zakAya evAM, kene differentia kahIe ane kene property kahIe e paNa jemAM na samajhI zakAya evAM paraspara otaprota. kaI paNa dharmanuM samagra svarUpa eka ja vyaktinI pratibhAmAM prakaTa thatuM nathI. aneka mahAna vyaktionI pratibhA maLIne enuM svarU5 baMdhAya che. ane temAM paNa deza kAla ane kaSTAnI buddhi tathA svabhAva anusAra dharmanAM judAM judAM to upara vadhAre e che bhAra mUkAya che. paraMtu Ama eka ja vyaktinI pratibhAmAM Avela dharma e ja dharmanuM samagra svarUpa evo Agraha rAkhavo e sAMkaDA

Page #801
744 jaina dharma prasAraka sabhAnA pramukhapadethI ApeluM bhASaNa mananI ane ayathArtha dRSTinI nizAnI che. A phalita siddhAntanA mULamAM raheluM Relativity yAne sApekSa anekAntavAdanuM satya kaI paNa dharmavizeSamAM (eka amuka dharmamAM) bhAra daIne samajhAvavAmAM AvyuM hoya te te jaina dharma che, ane tethI jaina dharma prasArakanuM prathama kartavya A udAravRtti jagatamAM prasAravAnuM che; e daSTi prasare te jaina dharma prasaryo ane e daSTi na prasarI te jaina dharma prasAravAne saghaLe prayatna niSphaLa ga--e daSTi jaina dharmane nAme prasare che ke kema e vastutaH nhAnI vAta che. 191lmAM banArasa gayo te arasAmAM tyAMnA "syAThAda vidyAlayamAM eka vArSika meLAvaDe hato temAM syAdvAda viSe bolatAM mane eka vicAra skurI AvyA hatA, (ane jema jema huM enuM manana karuM chuM tema tema mane enI yathArthatAne nizcaya vadhatuM jAya che ) ke syAdvAda vA anekAntavAda, ane ahiMsA, je be jaina dharmanA sArabhUta siddhAnto che, e vastutaH eka bIjAthI svataMtra nathIH anekAntavAda e ahiMsAnA parama bhAvanuM ja buddhinA pradezamAM vinijana che. kharuM che ke jaina dharmane upadeza anekAntavAdathI zarU thatuM nathI, tema ahiMsAne upadeza paNa jaina uparAMta bauddha ane brAhmaNa dharmanI keTalIka zAkhA (jemake, sAMkhya vedAnta bhAgavata Adi) mAM najare paDe che. tathApi e baMne upadeza mATe sahuthI adhika Agraha dharI ene pitAnA jIvAtubhUta siddhAnta tarIke sthApita karavAnuM mAna jainadharmane che. bauddhapiTakanuM "brahmajAlasutta" jotAM jaNAya che ke sAmAnya anekAntavAda ja nahi, paNa syAdvAdanI keTalIka bhaMgIo paryanta vadhe anekAntavAda brAhmaNamAM ane te samayanA aneka upadeSTAo jeo kevaLa jaine ja na hatA eemAM pracalita hato. ane udAnasuranA navajyaam (= jAtya varga)mAM, ApaNI sahunI jANItI AMdhaLAnA hAthInI AkhyAyikAThArA vikalAdezanI bhrAnti ughADI pADavAmAM AvI che. paNa jaina dharmanI viziSTatA e che ke emAM ahisA ane anekAMtavAdane pitAnA siddhAnI vakhAramAM eka khUNe nAMkhI mUkelA nathI, paNa jaina dharmanA prANanI e nADIo che. jaina dharmanI bIjI viziSTatA e che ke emAM jJAnamAMthI cAritrane phalita karavAne badale cAritrane jJAna jeTaluM ja mahattva ApyuM che ane ratnatrayImAM darzana ane jJAna sAthe cAritranuM samakakSa parigaNana karyuM che, ane cAritramAM ahiMsAne mukhya sthAna ApyuM che. pAMca ghatemAM aMhasA vratane paheluM mUkeluM che eTaluM ja nahi, paNa pAchaLanA keTalAka granthamAM te badhAM vratone ahisA vratamAMthI ja, e vratanA ja

Page #802
jaina dharma prasAraka sabhAnA pramukhapadethI ApeluM bhASaNa u5 prakArarUpe, UpajAvavAmAM AvyAM che, ane e rIte jIvananI rageragamAM ahisAnuM amRta vahevarAvyuM che. ahisA mATe evo prema dharAvanAra jainadharma vividha vAdavivAdanA jhaghaDAnI pAra jaI enI anekatAmAM ekatA juve ane e vivAdIonI laDhAIo zamAvavA yatna kare emAM zI navAI? emAM ja enI zobhA che, balka enuM jIvana che. ene mukhe kaI paNa eka vAdI pratye "tamAre vAda cheTe che" evA karkaza zabda nIkaLatA nathI, sarva pitapatAnI rIte kharA che, paNa emAMthI koI paNa eka kahe ke "huM ja khare chuM ane bIjA badhA kheTA che" te tene nyAya khAtara kaheze ke "bhAI, hamArA dRSTibinduthI jotAM hame kharA che, ane pelA bhAInA daSTibinduthI jotAM e bhAI kharA che; nakAmA zA bhATe laDhI mare che? "DhAlanI be bAju ane ghoDesvArInI vAta bhUlI gayA? doSa vastune nathI, ane cheka hamAree nathIH vastune aneka pAsAM che ane eka bAjuthI jotAM eka pAsuM dekhAya che, ane bIjI bAjuthI jotAM bIjuM pAsuM dekhAya che." jema vedAntI A ja udAra samajhaNa brahanI vizALatAmAMthI UpajAve che, tema jaino ene ahiMsAvRttimAMthI prApta kare che. jeo jainadharmI hovAno dAvo rAkhe che, ane jeo brAhmaNadharmanuM parama zikhara vedAnta che ema mAne che teonI pharaja che ke teoe svadharmanI A daSTi manuSyajAtimAM prasAravI joIe. AgaLa kahyuM tema jaina dharma mATe, jema ahisA enI jIvanacaryAmAM tema, anekAntavAda enA vastuvicAramAM mULa taravarUpe virAje che. ane tethI e baMnene mAtra sAmAnyarUpe upadezIne besI na rahetAM emAM zAstrakAree ghaNuM jhINavaTavALuM kAma karyuM che, vizva kevA kevA jIvathI bhareluM che, jyAM carmacakSu jatAM nathI tyAM paNa asaMkhyAta chava kevA vase che ityAdi vastusthiti jainadharmamAM bahu sUkSmatAthI prarUpelI che, jemAMnI keTalIka vAtonuM Aja hajAre varSa pachI vartamAna sAyansa samarthana karI rahyuM che. ane te ja pramANe jaina dharmanA anekAntavAdane paNa vartamAna samayamAM bahu prasiddhimAM Avela Relativity siddhAnta anumodana Ape che. A anekAtavAdamAMthI pahelA "nayavAda utpanna thaye ke "syAdvAda e jANavuM kaThaNa che. "nayavAda eTale vastune ApaNe enA samagra svarUpamAM na jotAM, amuka mArge derAine (na doravuM) enuM khaMDasvarUpa jevuM te khaMDadarzanamAM zA zA mArge saMbhave che ene vicAra nayavAdamAM karavAmAM AvyuM che, jemake sAmAnya ane vizeSa mArge vastu jevI, ekalA sAmAnya

Page #803
746 jaina dharma prasAraka sabhAnA pramukhapadethI ApeluM bhASaNa LamAM gamamAM kAI ane javA bhAge ja jevI, ekalA vizeSa mArge ja jevI ItyAdi. "syAThAdamAM vastunAM zAM zAM svarUpa saMbhave che ene vicAra che; jemake kaI rIte vastu che, kaI rIte vastu nathI, kaI rIte vastu che ane nathI, kaI rIte vastu belI zakAtI nathI ItyAdi. paNa A to mAtra astitvane laI vividha svarUpa batAvyAM, te ja pramANe nityatvane laIne koI rIte vastu nitya che, kaI rIte vastu anitya che ityAdi svarUpanI vividhatA samajhI levI. syAdvAdanI keTalIka bhaMgIo gautama buddha pahelAM paNa brAhmaNanA vAdALamAM pracalita hatI, temAMthI syAdvAda vikasyA hoya e saMbhavita che. mULa jaina AgamAM kaI kaI ThekANe ja enA bhaNakArA vAge che, ane tyAM paNa sarita, jAti, ane savarA e traNa bhaMgIne ja ullekha jovAmAM Ave che. ane cheka i. sa. nA AraMbhakALanI AsapAsanA granthamAM paNa enuM spaSTa zravaNa thatuM nathI. tattvArthAdhigamasUtramAM "pitApitasi" e eka sUtra ja A anekAntavAdanuM pratipAdaka mAnavAmAM Ave che, ane enA bhASyamAM syAdvAdanI sAta bhaMgIo paikI traNa bhaMgIone ja ullekha karelo che. vaLI eka vAta vizeSa: bauddha dharmanI mAdhyamika kArikAmAM paNa e ja traNa bhaMgIo mukhe svasiddhAta sthApavAmAM Avyo che, ane te pUrve brAhmaNonA vedAntamAM paNa e traNa bhaMgIo jANItI hatI e suvidita che. syAdvAdane badale, khAsa jainagranthamAM prakaTa thate anekAntavAdane prakAra joIe te te nayavAda che, ane nayavAda ja tattvAthadhigamamAM vadhAre vistArathI prarUpAya che. jema syAdvAdanI bhegInI saMkhyAmAM tema nayavAdanA nayanI saMkhyAmAM paNa keTaloka bheda jovAmAM Ave che. paraMtu e sarvanA itihAsamAM UtaravuM atyAre aprAsaMgika che. te paNa naigama, saMgraha ane jusUtra naya; dravyArthika naya ane paryAyArthika naya; pAcacaoNMauthayuja sat e vastunuM lakSaNa-A viSenA jaina vicAra kaI paNa tattvajJAnamAM ruci dharAvanAra strI puruSane rasika ane bedhaka thaze ema nizcaya pUrvaka kahI zakAya che ane jaina bhAIone huM vijJApanA karuM chuM ke pUrvokta ekAntavAdanI udAra daSTine, ane enA aMgamAM hamaNa he gaNAvyA e nayane, upadeza devAmAM Ave te jaina dharmanA prasAramAM tema ja sarva dharmanA prasAramAM e upayogI sevA thaI paDaze. jaina dharma ma AgaLa jaNAvyuM tema kAMI vivAda karavA mATe ke vivAda zamAvavA mATe ja astitvamAM Avyo na hato. AtmasAkSAtkAraprasaMgavazAta kahI lau ke ghaNuM loke bhUlathI mAne che tema duHkhamAMthI thatI ane mAM vadhAre nI saMkhyAmAM

Page #804
jaina dharma prasAraka sabhAnA pramukhapadethI ApeluM bhASaNa 747 chuTakAro nahi, paNa AtmAne sAkSAtkAra--e ja ApaNuM sarva tattvajJAnanuM chevaTanuM sAdhya cheH e AtmA te parama AtmA , kevaLa AtmA hai, vA pUrNa vA zUnya vastu ha-je te paNa ene ja sAkSAtkAra e manuSyajIvananuM parama prayojana che. keIeka vibhUtine Izvara kahe, ke taTastha parama vibhUtine Izvara kahe, ke sarvasaMgrAhaka parama vibhUtine Izvara kahe- paNa e Izvara yAne parama AtmA kevala che, athata sarvadeSavivarjita che, ema sarva keI mAne che. A arthamAM paramAtmaprApti ane AtmAnA kaivalyane anubhava e lagabhaga eka thaI jAya che; kAMI nahi te eka e bIjA mATe Avazyaka chelluM pagaluM che e te sarvamAnya che ane thaze. te e atyanta duranA parama sAdhyanA vivAdamAM na paDatAM enAthI eka ja pagaluM A tarapha evuM je AtmAnu vaivalya, e sarvane sAdhya rUpe svIkArya che ema mAnIne ApaNe AgaLa cAlIe to temAM khoTuM nathI. bhAgavata bauddha ane jaina dharmane chelle udaya thayo-eTale ke I. sa. pUrve chaThThA zatakamAM-te vAre bhAratavarSa vAdajALathI-bauddhapiTaka jene brahmajAla" kahe che, ane bhagavadgItA jenA eka prakArane "puSitA vApha" kahe che-emAM gUMthAI gayuM hatuM, mugdha thaI gayuM hatuM. emAMthI mukta thavA mATe te te upadeSTAoe vividha upAyo yojelA che. paNa sahu eka vAtamAM maLe che ke vivAdanI jALamAMthI nIkaLIne, baddha piTaka anyatra kahe che tema nadIne sAme kAMThe javuM hoya te sAmA kAMThAne "sAmA kAMThA ! Ama Ava, Ama Ava" kahevAne badale athavA te e kAMThAnA svarUpa viSe vAdavivAdamAM paDavAne badale nAvamAM besI sAme kAMThe javA mAMDavuM joIe, athata sAdhyanA nAmane japa nahi, ene vivAda nahi, paNa sAdhananuM sevana e ja kharuM kartavya che. jaina dharma, brAhmaNa ane bauddha dharmanI peThe, A sAdhana bahu vistArathI batAve che, yoje che. emAM brAhmaNa ke bauddha kaI sAme ene vidveSa nathI. e samayamAM evAM ghaNuM sAdhano agAuthI cAlatAM AvatAM hatAM, ke jene sarvamAnya kahI zakAya, paNa je mAtra pAchaLanA samayanA ajJAnathI DhaMkAI gayAM hatAM. Ama hoI bhAratavarSanA te samayanA sarva dharmane sAmAnya evA sAdhananuM pratipAdana sarvatra jovAmAM Ave che. vrata, gupti, vyAdi bhAvanA Adi ghaNAM sAdhane e ja ke jude nAme bhAratavarSamAM te samaye pracalita hatAM, e bhAratavarSanA sarva dharmomAM te zuM, paNa jagatanA sarva dharmomAM upadeza zakAya evAM che. ane vartamAna samayamAM dareka svadharma prasAraka sabhAnuM A

Page #805
748 jaina dharma prasAraka sabhAnA pramukhapadethI ApeluM bhASaNa kartavya che ke A ekatAnA tattva upara ja bhAra devA joI e; eTaluM ja nahi paNa e tattva upara bhAra devA ja joie. A rIte sarva dharmanI sevA e pratyeka dharmanuM kartavya che--atithisevA e pratyeka gRhasthanuM kartavya che e nyAye. paNa ahIM prazna UThe che ke A to paradharma pratyenA vartananI vAta tha. paraMtu pratyeka dharmanA peAtAnA anuyAyIo tarapha e dharmanuM zuM karttavya che? khIjI rIte kahIe teA pratyeka dharmanA saMdhanuM peAtA pratye zuM kartavya che? svadharmane sarva dharmamAM DUbAvavA e? Ane jainazAstranI paribhASAmAM uttara A pramANe thaI zake. kAI paNa dhamane enA vizeSarUpamAM ja jANavA e jIsUtra naya'nI sIdhI sAdI prAkRta janane ucita dRSTi che, zAstrIya dRSTi nathI. tema kAI paNa dharmanuM vizeSa rUpa bhUlI emAM sarvadharmagata sAmAnya tattvA upara diSTa pheravavI e khIjA cheDAne sAmAnyamAtragrAhI 'saMgraha naya' che. ubhayasAmAnya ane vizeSa ubhaya--tattvane svIkAravAM e AthI caDhIAtI 'naigama naya' nI dRSTi che. paNa A traNe nayadaSTie che, siddhAnta dRSTi nathI. siddhAntamAM te sAmAnya ane vizeSa paraspara bhaLelAM che, mAtra daSTibhede judAM che. ane eenA virAdha yAne tee ekAntataH juThThA che e dRSTi zamAvIne ekamAM bIjAne jotAM zIkhavuM e ja kharI dRSTi che; arthAt, prastuta sthaLe, sva ane sanA ekAntika bheda pIgALI daI svadharma ane sarva dharmane evAM jovAM ke eka khIjAmAM e bhaLelAM ja anubhavAya e saMpUrNa satyadRSTi che, paraMtu eTale sudhI na pahoMcAya te hamezAM svadharmamAM sarva dharmanAM tattvAnu darzana karatA rahevuM, ane sarva dhane svadharmAMmAM ja mUrtimanta thatA jovA eTaluM teA avazya karavuM joie. ATalAthI kulita e thayuM ke kahevAtA jaine kahevAtA brAhmaNa thaI javuM ke kahevAtA brAhmaNe kahevAtA jaina thaI javuM e vivakSita nathI, paNa eTaluM tAvivakSita che ja ke iMdriyA upara ane rAgadveSAdi upara jaya meLavyA vinA brahmAMDane bharI nAMkhatuM kharUM brAhmaNatva prApya nathI, tema e kharuM brAhmaNutva prApta karyAM vinA zatruMjaya rUpI sAcuM janatva paNa prApta karavuM azakaya che. paNa A te| eka dUranI vAta che. hajI aneka dharmAne anekAntavAdanI dRSTie jotAM te ApaNe ApaNA dezanA zIkhavAnuM che. hindudharmIe

Page #806
jaina dharma prasAraka sabhAnA pramukhapadethI ApeluM bhASaNa 749 brAhmaNa jaina ane bauddhane eka ja dharmanA vividha prakArarUpe jovAnA che. brAhmaNadharmae zaiva vaiSaNavonA ane AryasamAjIo ane sanAtanIonA, ane jainadharmIe zvetAmbara digambaranA ane tAmbarae mUrtipUjaka ane sthAnakavAsIonA, vire zamAvavAnA che. zAMti ane samRddhinA kALamAM dharmane vizeSa zAkhA prazAkhAmAM pAMgaravA de emAM deSa nathI bake dharmanI samRddhi che; paNa Apad ane yuddhanA kALamAM anekatAmAM ekatA lAvavI e ja yugadharma che, yugadharma che [vasaMta, phAlgana, saM. 1991 ]

Page #807
zrIkRSNa huM zrIkRSNA ( zrIkRSNa kANu ? zu? ) ahI je prazna huM carcavA icchuM chuM ene mhe' jANI' joine e pAMkhALeA karyAM che. kRSNa kANuM ? ane zuM ? kAraNa ke A mahApraznane mhArI uttara paNa dvikalpaka--e rUpanA che. kevI rIte ane ze| e huM nIcenA vivecanamAM spaSTa karIza. hy 1 prAcIna bhAratanA mahAna kavina kevaLa bharatakuLane vRttAnta zveoNkamAM gAnAra paNa krAntadarzI eTale enI ArapAra satya ane dhanI dRSTithI jonAra--bhyAsa maharSie ( vyAsa eka hatA ke aneka e prazna atre aprastuta che) kRSNajIvananI kathA mahAbhAratamAM sthApI che, vAvI che kahuM tA e zabda vadhAre yathA jaNAze. e kathA mahAbhAratanA pariziSTa harivaMzamAM, ane te pachI thaelA zrImadbhAgavata purANamAM vistAra pAmI che, ane te pachI AgaLa cAlatAM bhaktirasanAM saMskRta ane bhASAnAM pustakAmAM----eTale ke madhyakAlIna hindusthAnanA sAhityamAM te mULa kathAnA puSkaLa atireka thayA che. kRSNa e eka aitihAsika mahAna puruSa hatA--je mahAbhAratanA yuddhanA samayamAM vidyamAna hatA---e eka evI saMgIna aitihAsika minA che ? ene kAI kheATI gaNI zake ema nathI. te sAthe e paNa kharUM che ke mahAbhAratanA kartA vyAsa vartamAna samayamAM ApaNe jene ' itihAsa kAra ' kahIe tevA zuSya-noMdhaNI-kAmadAra na hatA, paNa e eka kavi ane tattvajJa hatA, jemaNe tattvajJAna kAvya dvArA zIkhavyuM che, je kAvyamAM emaNe aitihAsika itivRtta ane kavinI kalpanAnuM maneAhara mizraNa karyuM che. kavinI kalpanAnA A khIjanuM vRkSa ane vRkSAntara thaI, madhyakAlIna hindustAnamAM enuM eka upavana thaI gayuM che. e rIte utpanna thaelA * gaye varSe " kalyANu kalpataru " nA " kRSNAMka " mAM "Krishna Who ? " e mathALAnA mhe. aMgrejImAM lekha lakhelA tene kAMIka TUMkAvI laMbAvIne A gujarAtImAM lakhyA che. enA thADAka bhAga sAra rUpe muMbA ImAM sIDanahAma kaeNAleja Ak OMAmanA chAtrAvAsamAM A kRSNajanmAjIne prasaMge kahyo hatA.

Page #808
zrIkRSNa, 751 granthA te te samayanA kavionI--jayadeva sUradAsa AdinI rasikatA kevA prakAranI hatI. e upara prakAza nAMkhe che, paraMtu ene ApaNe kRSNanA jIvananA purAvA rUpe--eTale ke vAstavika hakIkatanI noMdha rUpe samajhIe tA bhUla karIe. kRSNanA jIvananI kharI hakIkata jANavA mATe A bheda, mULa vRttAnta ane e vRttAntanA kAvyamAM thaelA vistAra alke vikAra vaccenA bheda dhyAnamAM rAkhavAnI jarUra che. A pAchaLanAM vanAmAM kRSNanI anIti saMndhI je kathA che e nItine bagADanAra che e hetuthI ApaNA egaNIsamI sadInA dha sudhArakAe e upara dhaNA mahArA karyAM che. pezavAI paDI tyArathI, khelakuM mAdhalAI zahenazAhatanA uttara kALathI ane pezavAInI paDatI thavA lAgI te kALathI, dezamAM je aMdhAdhuMdhInA yuga zarU thayA te daramiyAna prajAnI nItinuM aneka mArge adhaHpatana thavA mAMDayuM hatuM. kha ema kahIe te paNa cAle ke medhalasAmrAjyanI ane pezavAI mahArAjyanI jAheAjalAlInA divaseAmAM jyAre prajA ezaArAmamAM DUbelI hatI te vakhatathI ja enA Antara AtmAne kArI khAnAra kIDA aMdara kAma karI rahyo hateA. enI parisImA arADhamI sadImAM AvI. paNa bhAratanuM bhaviSya UjaLuM hatuM eTale e paDatImAMthI uddhAra thavAnI AzAnAM kiraNA ogaNIsamI sadInA AraMbhathI spaSTa dekhAvA lAgyAM hatAM. anItinuM khaMDana jyAM dekhAya tyAM, dhArmika pustakAmAM dekhAya te temAM paNa, te karavuM e dhArmika sudhArAnuM prathama baMgALAmAM jyAM navI keLavaNI sahuthI pahelAM AvI hatI, ane pachI anya prAntamAM--mukhya kartavya thayuM. pariNAme upaniSadA kheALAyAM, ane purANA tyajAyAM; rAma rahyA, pa kRSNe gayA. -- te pachI nIrakSIravivecaka haMsa STi UdhaDI. kRSNakathA sadhaLA nAMkhI devAnuM kAraNa nathI; mULa kathA sArI hatI, pAchaLanA lekhakAe e agADI che, mATe e kathAnA mULa aMzA tAravI kADhavA joIe A paddhatie akimacandra caTTopAdhyAye ApaNA dhamane mhATI sevA karI. emaNe bahu sUkSmatAthI mahAbhArata hiravaza ane bhAgavatamAM ApelI kRSNakathAnA mULa ane Agantuka aMzAnuM pRthakkaraNa karyuM, ane e rIte kRSNanA yazane malinatAthI mukta karyo. hindu dharma upara AkSepa karanAra khristI pAdarIene, ane navA sudhArAnA akAntika meAhamAM paDelA hindu dhanA uparachellA abhyAsIone baMkimacandranA pustake bahu sArI rIte javAba vALyeA.

Page #809
upara na zrIkRSNa paNa baMkimacandranI tarka pradhAna daSTi kRSNasAhityamAM rahelA dharmanA UMDA bhAva joI samajhI zakI nahi. ane tethI kRSNajIvananAM keTalAMka dhArmika rahasyane paNa eNe pheMkI dIdhAM. aMgrejImAM kahevata che tema, nhAvAnA TabamAMthI pANuM pheMkI devAnI sAthe aMdara hAvA paDeluM bALaka paNa pheMkAI gayuM ! baMkimanI arthagrahaNa paddhatithI A eka vAtane khulAso thayo nahi ke-kRNanI keTalIka vAto je kharekhara vyabhicAranI ja vAta hoya te eka be saikA ja nahi paNa hajAra varSathI hindu dhArmika janatAnA hRdayamAM e daDha vAsa kema karI beThI che? sara jyorja gIyarsana, je hindI sAhityanA ciraparicayI ane UMDA abhyAsaka hatA e sAkSI pUre che ke jIvAtmAne paramAtmA prati je svAbhAvika UchALo che ene ja rAdhAnA kRSNa pratyenA prema rUpe kavie varNavyo che. ane kRSNa-bhakato kRSNarAdhAnAM gIta gAya che tyAre bhaktibhAvathI ja gAya che ane emAM malina bhAva jarA paNa praveza karatuM nathI.* jema nIti ane dharmanI pavitratA jALavavA khAtara baMkime kRSNajIvananuM aitihAsika tattva tAravI kADhavA yatna karyo, tema caitanya ane vallabhAcArya patthanA keTalAka gesvAmIoe paNa evA ja hetuthI kRSNanI kathAne AdhyAtmika artha karI e kathAne ene apavitra arthathI chUTI karI che. A mATe bhAgavatanI zArapannAdhyArthInA rahasyapradarzananA grantho racAyA che. paraMtu e granthanI arthapaddhati jeTalI sahelAIthI purANI DhabanA paMDitone saMtoSa Ape che teTalI sahelAIthI e vartamAna samayanA critical" dRSTinA vidvAnone saMtoSa ApI zakatI nathI. tathApi jUnI paddhatinA arthadarzanamAM eka ghaNuM jUnuM-isvI sana pUrvenuM-arthadarzana hAI e atre nedhavA lAyaka che. e pramANe, vAsudeva, saMkarSaNa, pradyumna ane aniruddha-eTale ke kRSNa, emanA bhAI balarAma, kRSNanA putra pradyumna ane pautra aniruddha e kramavAra paramAtmA, jIvAtmA, ahaMkAra ane mana che. A siddhAMta, je "caturvyUha'nA siddhAntathI bhaktisaMpradAyamAM prasiddha che te mahAbhAratanA atima saMskaraNanA kALamAM maLe che, paNa te kALa paNa i. sa. pUrvene hovo joIe, kAraNa ke emAMnA vAsudeva ane saMkarSaNa ullekha i. sa. pUrvenA zilAlekhamAM najare paDe che. bhAga ane mana che. mahAbhAratanA Ie, kAraNa sara paDe che. " juo pR. 737 uparanI TIpa

Page #810
zrIkRSNa vatamAM te| zrIkRSNanAM Ayudhone paNu paramAtmAnA amuka guNu rUpe samajAvavAmAM AvyAM che. ' , have pUrvIta e paddhatiomAMthI jene ApaNe aitihAsika ane AdhyAtmika paddhati kahIe--temAMthI kharI kI ? ATaluM niHsadehe che ke mahAbhArata purANa Adi granthAmAM aitihAsika vRttAntA noMdhAelA che, paNa te sAthe e granthAnA kartAnA uddeza, dharma ane tattvajJAnanAM satyAne sAhitya sthApatya Adi kalA ( Art)nI AkRti ApIne, upadezavAnA hatA. thADAMka udAharaNA joie. naTarAjanI nRtya ane sthiratAnI mUrtimAM A vizvamAM je sthitigatinA--vega ane zAntine--je adbhuta samanvaya che e mUrtimata karavAno yatna che. zveta haMsa ( kSIranIra chUTAM pADatI vivekadRSTi ) upara virAjatI sundara vINA vagADatI sarasvatInI kalpanA thADI jJAnavAhinI che? paramAtmA nArAyaNa ( sarva jIvAtuM jemAM sthAna che) e samudra upara zeSa (paramAtmAnA zeSa bhAga, je ' zeSa' hAIne paNa ananta '~Infinite -- che) nI zayyA upara sUtA che, lakSmIjI ( God's glory ) emanA paga AgaLa ze|bhI rahyAM che, emanI nAbhimAMthI brahmAMDarUpa kamaLa ugyuM che e upara e brahmAMDanA mahAjIvarUpa brahmA kheDA che, ane cArdiza ' veda ' arthAt jJAna prasAre che--e kalpanA paNa gheADI- bhavya ane kheAdhaka nathI. dharma / tattvajJAna e kevaLa buddinA viSaya nathI, hRdaya ane kalpanAzakti jagADIe dvArA anubhavamAM UtAravAnI e vastu che, e gaMbhIra satyanA nidarzanarUpe ApaNA pUrveja mahaSi Ae purANeAnI racanA karI che. " ' kRSirbhUvAcakaH zabdo Nazca nirvRtivAcakaH / arttri paraM brahma kRSNa ityabhidhIyate // 753 Ama itihAsa ane kalpanA aMtenuM mizraNu ApaNI purANI kathAemAM che e niHsandeha che. paNa kalpanAmAMthI itihAsa tAravavA hAya tA te kalpanA kevI rIte utpanna thaI che ene-arthAt kalpanAnA udgama-- genesis--ne vicAra karavA joie, game tevI kRtrima rIte zabdanA avayavAne kApIpIne AdhyAtmika artha kADhavA e satyAnveSaNanA mArga nathI. dAkhalA tarIke, ' kRSNe ' zabdane teDI phADI ne Ave! je AdhyAtmika - bhA. skandhu 12, adhyAya 11. 95

Page #811
754 zrIkRSNa sarva karavAmAM bAdha artha karavAmAM Ave che e, ApaNe mULa zabdArtharUpe svIkArI zakIe nahi ja. je ke emAM kRSNa viSe je vizeSa AdhyAtmika satya kahyuM che e ApaNe khuzIthI mAnI laIe. vastutaH AdhyAtmika artha karavAmAM bAdha nathI, paNa ApaNuM prAcIna itihAsa sAthe kalpanAdvArA AdhyAtmika artha kevo cheDatA hatA e dhyAnamAM rAkhatAM amuka sthaLe amuka AdhyAtmika artha che ja ema mAnavAnAM pUratAM kAraNa maLe to ja e AdhyAtmika artha svIkArAya, balka granthakArane e vivakSita artha che ema mAnavuM paDe. itihAsa sAthe kevo joDatA hatA have ApaNe kRSNanI kathA laIe. emAMnA keTalAka aMze te kathAbhAga tarIke sarvavidita ane sarvamAnya che. pachI e bhAga aitihAsika che ke AdhyAtmika arthane yogya che te AsapAsanA sAhityanI dRSTie - mAtra ApaNuM kapalakalpanAthI nahi, paNa AsapAsanuM sAhitya ema artha * karavAmAM anukULa che ke kema, balake ema artha karavAnI ApaNane pharaja pADe che ke kema-e joIzuM. 1 kRNu kathAmAM eka vAta to e Ave che ke kRNa e viSNune pUrNAvatAra che. kRSNane paramAtmArUpe ke enA avatArarUpe svIkAra bhale krame kame thayo hoya, paNa atyAre je rUpamAM mahAbhArata che te rUpamAM te emAM kRSNanuM e svarUpa svIkArAI gayuM che. ane smaraNamAM rAkhavuM ke ApaNe mULa kRSNane zodhavA nathI beThA, paNa je kRSNane ApaNe bhajIe chIe e kRSNanI ja Aja vAta karI rahyA chIe. e kRSNa paramAtmAno pUrNAvatAra che ema ApaNuM mahAbhArata kahe che. kRNa e kharekhara paramAtmA ke paramAtmAno avatAra che ke kema e aitihAsika prazna banI zakato ja nathI, kAraNa ke itihAsamAM manuSya e paramAtmA hAI ke banI zakato ja nathI; tema eno avatAra, UparathI UtarI AvavuM, e paNa aitihAsika banAva rUpe azakya che. vastutA, e tattvajJAnane ja viSaya che, ane tattvajJAna trikAlAbAdhita che. te e ke paramAtmA te ja jIvAtmA che, jIvAtmA e paramAtmAnuM UtarI AvavuM che. (tas vA tavAnuMkavirA-upaniSa6) 2 bIjI nirvivAda vAta e che ke kRSNa e arjunanA sakhA che. kukSetranA yuddhamAM e arjunane ratha hAMke che, paNa pote pedA thaIne laTatA nathI. manuSya e AvavuM, e che, ane

Page #812
zrIkRSNa 755 in naman 1 hare kRSNa e viSNune avatAra che e kathana sarvedamAM viSNunuM je svarUpa jaNAvyuM che tenI sAthe saMgata thAya che. viSNu e vika dhAtu uparathI-sarvamAM pravezI rahelI sarvavyApaka paramAtmA. vedamAM enuM Adhibhautika svarUpa AkAzasthAnI sUrya che-AkAza nIla che, tethI kRSNa paNa zarIre nIla che (vaDhavapuH zyAmasundara) ane sUryanAM kara ( kiraNo) caturdiza phelAya che, tema kRSNa caturbhuja che, ane sUryanAM kiraNa pIta che, tema kRNu pItAMbaradhArI che. * 2 kuNu arjunanA sakhA che e pratipAdana samajhavA mATe ApaNe cheka RvedathI mAMDI mahAbhArata sudhI UtarI zakIe chIe. phaksakatAmAM viSNu ane indrane "sakhA" kahyA che e A kRNa ane arjunanA sakhAnI kathAnuM mULa che. viSNunA avatAra kRNa che. ane mahAbhArata ajunane Indrane putra eTale ke--bIjA zabdamAM-avatAra kahe che ane tethI RvedamAM je viSNu ane indranuM sakhya che (udRzya yuH kalA) te ja mahAbhAratamAM kRSNa ane arjunanA sakhya rUpe Utare che. benI vacamAM upaniSad rahyAM. emAM vedanAM amuka sUkta (1-164-20)mAM viSNu ane Indra paramAtmA ane jIvAtmA rUpa sakhA rUpe darzAvAyA che ane te ja muMDaka (3-1-1) ane vetAzvatara upaniSa9 (4-6)mAM- hA suparNA sayujA lakhAyA samAna vRkSaM prisssvjaate| tayoranyaH pippalaM svAhatti anabhannanyo'bhicAkazIti // ema mULa saMhitAnI vANImAM ja udyoSAya che. te pachInI paurANika kalpanAmAM A "yuvA sahAya" nara ane nArAyaNa nAme dekhA de che--je nara ane nArAyaNa bhAratavarSanA kalyANa arthe himAlayamAM tapa karatA varNavAyA che. "nara" ane "nArAyaNane artha je atyanta khulle hoI mane sUkyo hato tene AnandagirinI bhagavadgItAnA zAMkarabhASya uparanI TIkAthI samarthana maLe che. sarakhA-nALAM to nArA tarA thanA nArAja vararAma zarIranatakucA taMtra nityasaMnihitAdhidAbhAsA jIvA narA iti nirucyte| tessaamyramANa niyAmakarAyamI nArAyaNa rUti che. A ja nara ane nArAyaNane namaskAra karIne "jaya"no (adharma sAme dharmanA jayanI ja jo patto ja e mahAbhAratamAM vAraMvAra saMbhaLAto udaghoSa che. kaura sAme pAMDanI laDhAImAM jaya thayo e to emane

Page #813
7pa6 zrIkRSNa bhAratamAM arjuna ane navamAM thaI naranArAyaNa enA AdhyAbhi kathAno) uSa karavAnuM mahAbhAratanA prathama zlokamAM jAya namaskRtya naraM caiva narottamam / devI sarasvatIM vAcaM tato jykudarata kaheluM che kAraNa ke mahAbhArata e nara ane nArAyaNanA avatAra arjuna ane kRSNanI kathA che. A rIte phasaMhitAnA mannathI mAMDI, upaniSamAM thaI, naranArAyaNanA anusandhAnapUrvaka, mahAbhAratamAM arjuna ane kRSNanI kathA Ave che. e enA AdhyAtmika arthamAM niHsaMdeha jIvAtmA ane paramAtmAnA svarUpanuM rUpaka che. A rUpakanuM darzana e ApaNuM kalikalpanA nathI, paNa enI pAchaLa upara batAvyo te dasaMhitAthI mAMDI mahAbhArata sudhInAM vAkAno purAvo che. have mahAbhAratamAM kRSNa ane arjuna saMbadhI keTalIka vAta che ene khulAso A tattvajJAnanA darzanathI ja thaI zake che e ApaNe joIzuM. kRSNa jevA mahAna pAtrane-jemane mATe amApa mAna yudhiSThira ajunAdikane che-emane arjunanA sArathi banAvavA-je dha dha kharuM jotAM abrAhmaNa sUta jAtine ja hata-e thoDuM ajukatuM dekhAtuM nathI. paNa tatvajJAnanI dRSTie juve, ane "samAnaM tathi viddhi" ItyAdi karyopaniSanuM vacana saMbhAre te saghaLuM baMdhabesatuM thaI jaze. vaLI saMbhAre ke kRSNa yuddhamAM bhAga letA nathI, bhIma sAme arjuna nabaLo paDI gayo tyAre paNu zastra letAM letAM aTakI jAya che-e sAMkhya tattvajJAnano paramAtmAnA akatRtva ane asaMgane ja siddhAnta che. ane e tattvajJAna zodhavA ApaNe arvAcIna kALanA sAMkhya darzanamAM UtaravuM paDatuM nathI, balake cheka mahAbhArata ane purANa kALanuM tattvajJAna e sAMkhyajJAna ja hatuM e suvidita che. 3 hAlanA keTalAka vidvAne gokulavAsI kRSNane mahAbhAratanA kRSNathI judA gaNe che. ane gokulavAsI kRSNa mahAbhAratanA samaya pachI harivaMzamAM umerAelA che. harivaMzane samaya enA eka adhyAyamAM "dInAra' zabdane upayoga thayo che te uparathI i. sa. nA trIjA saikAne kalpAya che. paNa mULa vRttAnta. paNa vyAsajInA A aitihAsika mahAkAvyamAM-je mahAkAvyamAM kavi amuka etihAsika binAno upayoga kare che emAM-kavine udeza dharmane jaya gAvAne che, pAMDavone nahi. tethI "rA'ne pAzcAtya ane atratya keTalAka vidvAnoe sUcavelo A pAchaLane artha vyAsajInI kRti mATe kheDe che.

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zrIkRSNa 7pa7 A mane bhUla lAge che. "dInAra" zabda je adhyAyamAM Ave che e harivaMzamAM pAchaLathI umerAe adhyAya che. AgaLa pAchaLanA be adhyAya karatAM e ekAeka bahu ja moTo che. ane AgaLa pAchaLanA e be adhyAya vacce ja saMgati che. gokulavAsI kRNanI kalpanA khristI samaya pachInI, ane khristanAM gheTAMne sthAne kRSNa sAthe gAya joDIne, thaelI che ema kahevAmAM Ave che, paraMtu A sarva kalpanAnuM citra vaidika sAhityanA prakAzamAM prAtaHkALanA dhummasanI peThe naSTa thaI jAya che. kRNa sAthe gAya joDavAmAM AvI che emane "pa" kahevAmAM AvyA che e kalpanAnuM mULa Rda sUtinAM aneka vAkayomAM jaDe che. RgavedasaMhitAnA viSNusUkatamAM nIcenA bhanna juve; " trINi padA vicakrame viSNurgIpA adaabhyH| ato dharmANi dhArayan / viSNoH karmANi pazyata yato vratAni pspshe| emAM viSNune "adAbhya gepa" keIthI paNa dabAya nahi evA gApa kahyA che, IndranA sAthI "sakhA" kahyA che, ane dharmanA dhAraka eTale ke pAlaka (jagatanuM ane dharmanuM rakSaNa karavuM e viSNunuM kArya purANamAM suprasiddha che) kahyA che. A varNana viSNunA paurANika svarUpa sAthe tathA kRSNanA mahAbhArata ane purANamAM karelA varNana sAthe maLe che. ane A varNanane AdhAre ame "gopa kRSNa" ane IndanA arthAta "arjunanA sakhA mahAbhAratanA kRSNane eka ja mAnIe chIe. vaLI, vedanA viSNusUtamAM viSNulokanuM varNana karatAM RSi kahe che "ra - hu kayA " A vAkya sAMbhaLatAM kone kRNanuM gokula ane viSNune gelokajenuM purANamAM varNana che-e nahi sAMbharI Ave ? bhAgavatamAM kRSNa ane gopIonA rAsanI kalpanA che e paNa sUyarUpa viSaNune madhyabindu rAkhI enI AsapAsa tionA rAsane ullekha che. paramAtmAnA svarUpa saMbaMdhI matamAM jema bheda utpanna thayA tene ja anusaratA A rAsanI vigatomAM paNa pheraphAra thaelA ApaNe joIe chIe. kaI rAsamAM madhyasthAne eklA kRSNane nahi, paNa kRSNa ane rAdhAne rAkhe che. ene artha e ke vizvanuM madhyabindu kevaLa brahma nahi paNa zaktisameta brahma che. vaLI rAsamAM kRSNa kevaLa madhyasthAne ja nahi, paNa AsapAsa pharatI, pratyeka gepI sAthe eka eka kRSNa, evI kalpanA paNa

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760 zrIkRSNa paNa, gajika vIra rAjAone rasa have A vivecana vadhAre na laMbAvatAM jeTaluM thayuM tene sAra kADhIe pahele prazna kRSNa keNa? ene uttara ke zrIkRSNa vasudeva ne devakInA putra; eka alaukika sAmarthyavAna yAdava kSatriya; dukhInA belI (saMbhAre draupadIne prasaMga) ane julamagAranA julamane-anyAyanI beDIene teDanAra eka mahAna rAjyatannI (saMbhAre jarAsaMdhanA kArAgRhamAMthI asaMkhya rAjAone choDAvyAne prasaMga); strInA premanuM kharuM gaurava samajhI enI ADe AvanAra dantavaphatrAdi rAjAone dUra karanAra (saMbhAre rukimaNIvivAha) paraduHkhabhaMjake vIra. eka prabhunA premamAM AhIre ane strIone paNa, RSione durlabha evuM, sthAna che evI vizALa daSTinA dharmasudhAraka, emanA AkhA jIvanamAM bhAratadezanA, ne antamAM kaurava-pAMDavanA yuddhanA sUtradhAra; yuddhane AraMbhe gItAnA mahAna upadeSTA AcArya, ane ane bhISmapitAmahamukhe bhAratIya saMskRtinI smRtinA saMsthApaka; ane sarvane anate yAdavasthalImAM A vizvanI niyatrI kAlagatinA draSTA ane darzaka, ItyAdi, ityAdi. bIje praznaH kRSNa zuM ? Ano uttaraH e nirlepa phUTastha AtmA; paramAtmA-saguNa ane nirguNa brahmaH A vizvamAM bAhya zaktione ane antarnI vRttione je "nitya rAsa" khelAI rahyo che, "herI" ramAI rahI che, tenuM kendra. manuSyabuddhinAM deraDAM enI vizALatAne vITI bAMdhI zakatAM nathI, (juvo dAmodaralIlA). prakRtinI sAmAnya mATI enA mukhamAM vizALa brahmAMDanI racanAnuM rUpa dhare che. (saMbhAre mRttikAbhakSaNa). e manuSya AtmAne anAcchAdita svasvarUpe juve che, (gopIvastrApaharaNa prasaMga) ane sattva rajansa ane tamasanI vakra prakRtine enA hastasparzathI Rju-sIdhI ane sundara karI de che. (kunjAnI kathA). kRSNa bhagavAna e ja sarva tattvanuM antastatva ane sarva tattvanuM parama tatva che. bhakta ane jJAnI madhusUdana sarasvatI ThIka kahe che ke "sutpara mipi taravamarda na jAne !" [vasanta, vaizAkha-ASADha saMvata 193]

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Presidential Address 761 10 Presidential Address : ___adhyAtmavidyA vidhAnAM vAdaH pravadatAmaham / WI am the spiritual lore among lores; I am the discourse of the seeker of the Truth among those who discourse." Brother-delegates, Ladies and Gentlemen, . After recalling this great utterance of the Divine Philosopher, which may very well become the motto of this Congress, my first duty, on occupying this chair, is to thank the Executive Council of the Indian Philosophical Congress who have on your behalf elected me to be the President of the Section. I assure you that I accept the honour in all humility, being fully conscious of the heavy responsibilities which I shall have to shoulder, and which I can shoulder only with your generous co-operation. I The scope of our section is vast. First, Indian Philosophy is not really a section which can be logically co-ordinated with other sections viz., Metaphysics, Logic, Ethics, Sociology, Psychology, History of Philosophy, and Religion; it is, in truth, the whole of Philosophy comprising all these branches with only a geographical qualification which has reference to its place of origin but does not limit its scope. Secondly, the history of Indian Philosophy is still in the process of exploration; the works of many a writer to whom references have been made in the available literature have yet to be discovered; the *Given at the Second Indian Philosophical Congress, as President of the Section and of Indian Philosophy, Benares, 1926.

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762 Presidential Address dates of those which have already been discovered have to be placed beyond controversy; moreover, there are dark regions into which not a single ray of light has been so far carried. But in the performance of this spade-work it is some relief to feel that we have energetic collaborators among Oriental scholars. Thirdly, the study of Indian Philosophy is not such a simple affair as it may appear to a beginner who commences to read it in a book like the Sarvadarsanasamngraha' or Shaddarsana Samuccaya or Sarvasiddhantasamgraha. The Darsanas have passed and re-passed into one another, Vedanta into Buddhism and Buddhism into Vedanta, Samkhya into Vedanta and Vedanta into Samkhya. Mimamsa and Nyaya had a common origin or probably the latter originated from the former; Yoga has been the common property of the Brahmanas, the Jainas and the Bauddhas; and the Jainas have given shelter to all the Darsanas under the broad canopy of their anekantavada, that system of the dialectics of intellectual ahimsa which is so much in keeping with their better known mission of physical ahinsa. The study of Darsanas. is thus sufficiently complicated to absorb, a great deal of our energies. But here again we can share our labours with Oriental scholars. But fourthly, there is one line of work which is entirely. our own, and that is the study of Indian Philosophy as pulosophy. There is no justification for our existence outside the Oriental Congress or Conference, unless we recognise this as our supreme duty and exclusive sphere. Hitherto Indian Philosophy has been regarded as an old curiosity shop. Now it will

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Presidential Address 763 be for us to show that its doctrines have a philosophical value apart from their antiquity, and that they deserve a place in every history of Philosophy. I venture to think that if properly presented, they possess sufficient philosophical worth to influence the currents of modern philosophy. We hope that the valuable work which two of our distinguished countrymen and fellow-workers, Prof. Radhakrishnan and Prof. Das-Gupta have started will be followed up by a still greater effort in the shape of a review of Indian thought in the language and from the standpoint of Western Philosophy, and vice versa. II But before I proceed further, I imagine that I hear a voice from across the seas putting me this question: Is Indian Philosophy philosophy at all in the proper sense of the word, that is, the sense in which it is understood in Europe ? As is well-known, the word originally meant 'striving after knowledge' but in the school of Plato and Aristotle, of Aristotle rather than of Plato, it came to acquire the sense of methodical thinking. After the rise of Christianity and during the middle Ages in Europe, Philosophy became a handmaid of Religion. But later, 'from presentation and defence of the (Christian ) doctrine she passed to its criticism' and finally established herself as an independent potentate. This easy separation of. Religion and Philosophy need not surprise 'us if we remember that the two had separate sources, one in Palestine and the other in Greece, although by a historical accident they happened to be united in Pauline Christianity in the beginning and for some

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764 Presidential Address time in its subsequent developments. During the eighteenth century, Philosophy claimed to have discovered Natural or Rational Religion, whom she endeavoured to place on the throne of her rivalthe Religion of the Christian Church. But towards the close of the century, the self-complacency of Reason was shaken to its foundations by Kant who drew from the lips of Reason herself an honest confession of her own limitations. But in his attempt to do so, Kant, like one of his predecessors, Descartes, was so methodical, that, after him, as after Descartes, his method, like that of Aristotle, became a fetish of Philosophy, with the result that no thinking was considered philosophical unless it was cast in the Aristotelian or Kantian mould. In truth, this is contrary to the very nature of Kant's philosophical teaching, which is rather a prolegomena to philosophy than philosophy itself. He shows that the traditional philosophy of Reason is legitimately only a philosophy of sense and understanding and that the true philosophy is one which recognizes other pathways to reality as well. Consequently, if the conclusion and not the method of Kantian philosophy should determine what Philosophy is, Philosophy is not methodology but every form of striving after wisdom'. And in this larger and truer sense of the word, Indian Philosophy does not cease to be philosophy, even if it is sometimes mixed with poetry or mythology. As the President of first Session of our Congress said in his inimitable way, 1 * T 1 I use the word 'methodology' more in the literary than in the technical sense.

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Presidential Address 765 "'in India all the Vidyas, poetry as well as philosophy live in a joint family. They never have the jealous sense of individualisin maintaining the punitive regulations against trespass that seem to be so rife in the West". Mr. Yeats has said, "Whatever of Philosophy has been made poetry is alone permanent ". And may I not ask with Dean Inge, "Have not the profoundest intuitions of faith been often wrapped up in poetical myths and symbols, which dogmatism turns into flat historical narratives and rationalism as ponderously rejects ?... ...And have not the greatest philosophers been more than half poets ? We value Spinoza not for his geometrical metaphysics but for the flashes of vision in which the amor intellectualis makes him a 'God-drunken man' ? Plato is for ever unintelligible till we read him as a prophet and prose-poet, and cease to hunt for a system in his writings". Is there less philosophy, I would ask, in that one word ' gate' which declares that the sun and all that it stands for is the 'singing forth' of the Divine Musician, than in all the speculations of the schools regarding the origin of world and its relation to God ? Much ridicule has been poured over Sayana for his alleged failure to see that 'kasma' in "kasmai devAya haviSA vidhema" in the famous "Whoish" Hymn of Rg Veda. Sanhita means "to whom ?" and not "to Prajapati". But the Oriental scholar has not cared to ask the further question : How did '' come to mean yorgfa, as it un. doubtedly did at a later date ? The passage in the Aitareya Brahmana, where the question is asked and answered, is not unknown to the Orientalist, but it

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766 Presidential Address is philosophy, and the Orientalist has nothing to do with it ! Now see what amount of philosophy this philosophical tabloid-the little word contains. In this connection the Aitareya Brahmana relates how Indra approached Prajapati and said, "Give me thy greatness", whereupon Prajapati answered, "Who shall I be without the greatness ?" and thereupon Indra observed, "Since thou saidst 'who (:) shall I be ? thou shalt be 'who' (5:)". This legend means that God bereft of qualities ( nirguna Brahma ) is an absolute ':' = X, the Unknown, who is elsewhere called in the Rk Samhita '97', the Great Question. Sayana refers to this very fact when he says "fefetsfaslaraqan trigat ada". There is a passage in the Upanishad which declares that the Devas and the Asuras were children of Prajapati and of them the Asuras were elder. "FIT & FIFTEET Qamigti : Frattarga 29T FETTET BETT: " ( Br. Up.) I cannot regard this as a meaningless myth. In it I recognise the the truth that the natural precedes the rational or ethical, and that both are embraced in one Cosmic Reality (9619fa) which is larger than Nature and Reason, Evil and Good. Compare Huxley, who says "Social Progress means a checking of the Cosmic process ( by Cosmic process Huxley means Natural process) at every step and the substitution for it of another which may be called the ethical process". And he bids us "understand, once for all, that the ethical progress of society depends, not on imitating the cosmic process (that is, Nature) still less in running away from it, but in combating it". (This is the MEIETETTA' of the Upanishads and the Puranas. )

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Presidential Address 767 Afterwards in a note to his Romanes Lecture he adds: "Of course, strictly speaking, social life and ethical process in virtue of which it advances towards perfection are part and parcel of the general process of evolution." Let us turn next to the mythology of Creation, Ananta or Sesha is the Infinite or a Fragment of the Infinite in which rests the Supreme Spirit (Narayana) with all his glory (Lakshmi ) and it is from the centre (Nabhi) of this spirit that the Lotus of Creation springs, the Lotus which is the abode of the Cosmic Soul, the Logos ( Brahma), who is the Creator of this manifold Universe. Have we not here the transcendence and the immanence of God expressed in the language of Art ? Next, the Great Dance of Natesvara is the most powerful expression of the real nature of the Divine Energy which is at once rest and motion. The Divine Mother with eight arms (ashtabhuja devi) is not a grotesque figure signifying nothing; its simplest explanation is that it is an artistic representation of the presence of the Divine Energy in all the eight directions. But it is no less probable that it is a verse of the Bhagavadgita "bhUmirApo'nalo vAyuH khaM mano buddhireva c| ahaGkAra itIyaM me fat gafateyr II" written in Art. The powerful Goddess riding a lion or a tiger illustrates the control of the beast in us by our higher Reason. And similarly, the goddess standing on a human corpse originally worshipped by a savage tribe was adopted in the Tantric pantheon as a representation of the law of Progress in which we have to rise on the stepping-stones of our dead selves". And the serene goddess of Learning (Sarasvati) is seated upon a fair

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768 Presidential Address Swan (CE) who is the emblem of discriminating Reason. Next take the story of Arjuna ('OT' the Man ) and his divine friend ( artITTU ), the sakha of "dvA suparNA sayujA sakhAyA" and the charioteer who guides his chariot through the thick of the battlefield but does not directly take part in the fight between the forces of Good and Evil. Does this not represent all the philosophy of Free Will and its limitations which a later schoolman-Vachaspati-Misra-discusses under the Vedanta-Sutra Bhasya of "ITTITIETOT" where he says "T&Sett: sagatqaa ya Arah gadgeyfa AYTATTETAVAT MIETEITIE". I need not multiply examples to illustrate my contention. But I earnestly plead for recognition of this larger meaning of the word Philosophy, not because India has little to show in the narrower sense of the word, but because I wish to emphasize that we should not allow our mind to be obsessed by the Western conception of the nature of philosophy and consequently, we have every right to save from unmerited exclusion all the rich ore of philosophical thought that lies embedded in the symbols, allegories and legends of the Veda, the Mahabharata, the Ramayana, the Puranas and the Tantras. The alliance of Philosophy with Poetry has produced one remarkable result in India; it has made us realize, as Dr. Tagore said at the last session of our Congress, that the mission of Philosophy was "to occupy the people's life and not merely the learned scclusion of scholarship." The fertilizing seeds of thought growing on the heights have been wasted on the wings of l'ousy to the lowliest field, and we have

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Presidential Address 769 thus in India the wonderful spectacle of even a beggar in the street singing songs of philosophy at whichia, Plato' might well breathe a sigh of envy. Next, as a result of union, or rather unity, of Philosophy and and Religion, a high seriousness of purpose characterizes much of our philosophical thinking. No one is to embark upon the study of higher philosophy until or unless he possesses a certain adhikara, that is, qualification in the form of the necessary intellectual, moral and spiritual equipment. Exceptional, men may happen to be endowed with it or may acquire it at an early age, in which case the rule of "gaeta farina naate taha" ( " Leave the world the moment its life has ceased to interest you " ) may be legitimately followed. But in most cases it will have to be reached as the crowning point of a life of discipline enjoined by the sastra which lays down : "hai THAT Tat eta Tet par gat wala gat at gastar" i. e. first the hard life of a student, next the pleasures and duties of a householder, then the retirement to a forest and scenes of Nature for contemplation and pious life, and lastly, the life of a wandering monk who has renounced his all. Without going into the details of those stages, I may remark that the conception of life as an art and particularly its working out in the scheme of the four stages ( 317 ) are a most valuable and unique contribution of Ancient India to the higher civilization of mankind. What a difference this makes in the life to the East and the West, may be seen in a picture incidentally drawn by a recent Gifford lecturer while explaining the nature of his chair. He says, "In the Laws of Manu it is

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770 Presidential Address enjoined on the Brahmana that when his hair is white and his skin is wrinkled, and he has looked on his son's son, he shall turn his back on his home and his secular avocations, and withdrawing to the forest devote the remainder of his days to meditation on the nature of the Infinite Being and to the consummation of his deliverance by absorption in God." In the West there has not been the same sense of the sacred vocation of old age, and it has ever come to be the common opinion that the man is wisest who goes on with his accustomed work as if he were destined to live for ever, and happiest who is surprised by death when engrossed in his worldly concerns. While the Brahmana was called on to renounce everything, 'living without a fire, without a house, subsisting on roots and fruit,' Lord Gifford attached to his lectureship a very handsome endowment, " Now I ask, by the way, is it not nobler to be one of the nine Yogisvaras of the 'Bhagavata' Purana than to be a Gifford Lecturer ? However, this is not to underrate the immense service which the foundation is rendering to the cause of enlightened religion. III Brother-Delegates, I am afraid I have tried your patience too long in vindicating a special feature of Indian Philosophy which is its union with Poetry and Religion. Let me now pass on to that portion of Indian thought which is more generally acknowledged to be philosophy proper. The History of the Darsanas has been hitherto regarded not as a history in the sense of an evolving

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Presidential Address 071 process of thought, but only as a record of brilliant guesses and speculations which have occurred from time to time to men of genius and scholastic ability. This view, however, refutes itself by its very simplicity and unphilosophical character. Another view that all Darsanas are broken lights of a single Truth, and as such are complementary of one another-has been propounded fully in Madhusudan-sarasvati's Prasthana-bheda, and partially in Vijnanabhikshu's Sainkhya-Pravachanabhashya and Annambhatta's Tarkadipika. This is a late tradition founded upon stray thoughts in earlier writings, such as the NyayaKusumanjali of Udayanacarya. From a practical point of view of those who are not interested in the history of philosophy, but only in the use to be made of it for man's spiritual benefit, this view is natural and unimpeachable. Moreover, such a synthesis has its analogues in the well-known attempts to harmonize the texts of the Brahmanas, of the Upanishads, and of the Smritis, which lapse of time had consecrated. But the historian cannot overlook the fact that the founders of the Darsanas did not meet at a council, distribute their work, and part, each to execute his own appointed piece. It is undeniably true that there were honest differences of opinion amongst them, which developed in the course of time into bitter controversies. However, it is possible to reconcile in a higher synthesis the point of view of the historian with that of the practical religious man. For, the differences of opinion, though real and quite sharp, originate from differences of outlook, which mark, successive steps in a single

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772 Presidential Address evolutionary process. Let us follow this thought-movement through its different stages. The period of the Great Vision--that is my word for " Veda", which means knowledge or thought, but which being philologically connected with Latin videre, to see, I prefer to render by the word 'vision-closed with the teaching "All this is Brahma ", (Fefead a ) "Thou art That". ( azafe' ) The earlier Rshis, so at least it was thought, had both heard and seen the Truth. The generation that followed had heard but not seen it : it had the tradition, but not the sight. The later sages, therefore, asked the question : 'How is it I do not see that all is Brahma and that I am Brahma ?', and they tried to devise means for converting faith into experience (fa into cala). And their first answer to the question was: 'Because I am confounding matter and mind, or to go deeper, Nature and Spirit, which it is necessary for me to distinguish (fea Fettfa )', and this is Wisdom (aitu). But note that this answer just carries us one step forward and no more. For the question still remains: How am I to turn this intellectual distinction into a reality of experience ?' So the next step was to point out the way (TI) to the separation of Nature and Spirit. This (TTT) is the practical complement of the theoretical Fict. The essential difference between pisu and it is more correctly formulated as the difference between the theoretical and the practical side of a single system of philosophy, than as the difference between two Samkhyas, one of which is nirisvara and the other sesvara ( atheistic Nature Sounding mao the questa intoans for for me to this ans, and this is

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Pre Presidential Address 773 'and theistic ). But the mysticism of Samkhya and Yoga did not appeal to the scientifically-minded who thought that it was necessary to investigate the properties (vizeSa) of Nature and Spirit-(anAtmA and ITTAT )-as we do of any other natural cbject of experience. In order to carry on this investigation, the agter divided Reality into certain categories and studied them in detail. But is not our investigation bound to go wrong unless our method is right ? Hence the necessity of a sound system of Logic (nyAya ). Thus nyAya Is a necessary addition to vaizeSika. But Natural Philosophy (vaizeSika) and Logic (nyAya) cannot satisfy man's spiritual needs. Moreover, people were frightened by the growing rationalism of the new schools. They compared the living rationalists to 'jackals howling against one another' (M. Bh. Santiparva) Consequently, "Back to the Vedas" was the next cry. And the first attempt in this direction was to systematize the teachings of the sacrificial section of the Brahmanas (mImAMsA-pUrvamImAMsA -karmamImAMsA). But the mechanical religion of pUrvamImAMsA was soon found unsatisfactory, and was superseded by the spiritual religion of uttaramImAMsA or brahmamImAMsA which was a systematization of the teachings of the Upanishads--the gara. The last two were revivalist schools whose ancient prototypes were the schools of the Yajnikas (ritualists) and Brahmavids (the teachers of the Upanishads) respectively. Such is the logical development of the six Darsanas of the Brahmanas To prevent misunderstanding, it should be noted that no system wiped out of existence its predecessor, and so all the

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774 Presidential Address the docte Jaina Darsa movement of which bindsolution systems sometimes appear running parallel to one another like mountain streams. But this does not militate against the logical principle of evolution which gave them birth, and which binds them logether in a single movement of thought. The Jaina Darsana is only one: it formulates the doctrine of the relativity of Truth and thereby shows that each of the different schools represents a certain aspect of Truth (at) and is so far true. Thus partial truth ( f icT)' belongs to the several darsanas while absolute and complete truth is revealed in the Jaina method of Syadvada (sakalAdeza). The doctrine of Naya (42) as indicated by its comparative simplicity might seem to be older than the Syadvada (ETTERT) which is highly complicated. Besides, there is nothing in common between them cxccpt that both of them are expressions of the same point of view~-viz. anekanta-vada, i. e. the doctrine of the many-sidedness of Truth. They cannot therefore be regarded as two stages of a single process of thought, but must be traced to separate sources united in a common point of view. The Syadvada, complicated as it is, had possibly a non-Jaina origin or had at least kinship with an earlier doctrine of the amaravikkhepikas which is attributed to certain Brahmanas and Sramanas in the Brahmajala Sutta of Pali Buddhism. Let me quote the passage in extenso : Referring to the amaravikkhepikas 1.e."eel-wrigglers" or equivocators, Gautama Buddha says:--" Thus fearing and abhorring the being wrong in an expressed opinion, he will neither declare anything to be good, nor to be bad, but on a question being put to

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Presidential Address 775 him on this or that, he resorts to eel-wriggling, to equivocation, and says: "I do not take it thus, I don't take it the other way. But I advance no different opinion. And I don't deny your position. And I don't say it is neither the one nor the other." The similarity between the doctrine of amaravikkhepikas and the Syadvada will appear more striking if I quote another passage in which Gautama Buddha gives examples of the propositions which they laid down regarding certain questions which interested the amaravikkhepikas most. "Thus they say:-- a (1) There is not another world. (2) There both is, and is not, another world. (3) There neither is, nor is not, another world. b (1) There are no such Beings. (2) There both are, and are not, such beings. (3) There neither are, nor are not, such beings. c (1) There is fruit, result, of good and bad actions. (2) There is not. (3) There both is, and is not. (4) There neither is, nor is not. d (1) A man who has penetrated to the truth continues to exist after death. (2) He does not. (3) He both does, and does not. (4) He neither does, nor does not". Next we come to Buddhism. Gautama Buddha refused to be a metaphysician, but his followers slipped inevitably into metaphysics, and the numerous schisms, which arose in the Buddhist Church soon after the death of the Master, became crystallised

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776 Presidential Address in the four famous schools of Buddhist Philosophy, viz., the schools of the Vaibhashikas, the Sautrantikas, the Yogacharas and the Madhyamikas, maintaining, respectively the doctrines of Direct Realism, Indirect Realism, Idealistic Phenomenalism, and Nihilistic Mediism. Of these, Sarvastivada or the doctrine that "All is real" associated with the school of the Vaibhashikas, is said to be the earliest. But obviously, if there is any point in the 'sarva' (all) of sarvAstivAda it must have been preceded by a doctrine in which a part of Reality was affirmed and the rest denied. This must be evidently the doctrine of Idealism, in which ideas are declared to be the only reals. The conjecture is justified by our knowledge of the earlier * The Madhyamikas or Madhyamakas were advocates of the metaphysical 'Middle Path' an expression probably intended to correspond to the ethical Middle Path' (madhyama pratipad) of Gautama Buddha. The two exremes which they repudiate area and art which at the middle or meetingpoint destroy each other, leaving nothing but zunyatA as the core of Reality. This at which is deduced as a logical consequence of the doctrine of the Middle Path is not to be confounded with 3, which is relative as distinguished from the former which is absolute, "gredifa zreatfa zusfq x-ar zuddhI azuddhIti ime'pi antA / ang ara faasifurar madhye hi sthAnaM pra ( madhye'pi sthAnaM na karoti paNDitaH // -Simadhiraja Sutra. adI 219141$?IPASauftarqa adxaniangeafasyon great regni sfang neaur ari geg=a -Malhyamika Vrtti,

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Presidential Address 77.7 schools of Buddhism, 'of which one was called the school of Prajnaptivadins or Idealists, and another of Vibhajyavadins or part-realists. Thus originally there must have been only two schools of Buddhist Philosophy, the school of Idealism and that of Realism. From the direct Realism of the Vaibhashikas arose fhe Indirect Realism of the Sautrantikas which is one step away from the Vaibhashika Realism towards Yogachara Idealism. The latter, which was a resus. citation of the Vaibhajyavada and Prajnaptivada, passed into what is called Sunyavada, but what more correctly should be called Nihilistic Mediism of the Madhyamikas, or Madhyamakas in accordance with the description given in the Madhyamika Vsitti. Such are the logical relations of the different systems of Indian Philosophy inter se. Each of the *systems, moreover, has a history which discloses a similar evolution of doctrines, determined partly by their inner principle of growth and partly by the influence of other systems. Thus, for example, Samkhya which was originally theistic, as is clear from the evidence of the Upanishads, the Bhagavadgita, the Mahabharata and the Puranas, had become atheistic about the time of the Sainkhyakarikas and the Badarayana Sutras under the pressure of its own doctrine of Prakrti 'which being charged with evolutionary activity rendered God superfluous and made him drop off from the system like an unused limb, until restored later artificially by the author of the Samkhya-Pravacana-Bhashya under the influence of * These doctrines were at first 'expressed in terms of the reality of time.

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778 Presidential Address Vadanta. Another possible hypothesis, which I put forward somewhat hesitatingly, for explaining the atheistic character of mediaeval Samkhya is that the atheistic Samkhya was not a descendant of the Sankhya of the Svetasvatara Upanishad, but of one of those systems which have been referred to and rejected in its introductory stanza. "kAlaH svabhAvI fra faseGT". Similarly, such particular doctrines as those of you and gepfa have undergone evolution in the course of ages. green was originally the thinking substance, and it was therefore absurd to deny that he was essentially qarat. This view is held by Vyasa, the commentator of Patanjala Sutras. But it was felt that this was inconsistent with the transcendental nature of get, the basic doctrine of the Samkhya philosophy, and it was consequently discarded in later times and puruSa was made mere sAkSI instead of qatar,a view still later rejected or modified by Vijnanabhikshu in the Samkhya-Pravacana-Bhashya. Similarly, PrakTti was at first only the power of God from which had emanated the manifold universe like a tree from a seed. Afterwards it came to be regarded as an independent energy which was another name for the potential unmanifested world. Later, the character of this Praksti or Avyakta came to be defined in a way which shows that the problem of philosophy had shifted from cosmogony to psychology and ethics. Praksti comes to be conceived as a complex of F7E, THe and are, the three principles which represent respectively sukha, duHkha and moha in our life. Here is a unique form of idealism which is not cognitive, or conative, or imaginative, but

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Presidential Address 779 emotional, that is to say, an idealism in which the world is not conceived either as Idea or as Will or Imagination but as Emotion, which it is the business of Purusa to get rid of. The Emotionalism or Emotional Idealism, if one can use such an expression without inconsistency, was evidently preceded by a stage represented in the Bhagavadgita, in which the cognitive and conative and emotional elements of idealism were still held together in the functions assigned to satva, rajas and tamas. Moreover, Vijnanabhiksu restores the view in which Prakrti is regarded as the dravya or dharmi of which ge ya and Hta are dharmas or attributes as well as constituent elements. The system of Yoga which came into existence as a complement to Sainkhya retained its pristine purity till a century or two after the death of Gautama Buddha. In the Sutras of Patanjali the white light of spirituality is somewhat dimmed by a black jet of faufas and fafes. Later, the system split into two branches, the Hatha Yoga and the Raja Yoga, of which the former associated itself with the degraded forms of Sakti-worship and of Mahayana Buddhism, while the latter restored purity to the system under the influence of Vedanta. The problem of the Vaiseshika was to distinguish atma from anatma by the scientific method of investigating properties of things. Its consequent disregard of the problem of God in the Sutras has been misunderstood as a mild form of atheism. But subsequently it allied itself with Nyaya which is enthusiastic about developing a system of logic, and

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780 Presidential Address, by means of it, proving the existence of God, Soul and' Immortality. In its later stages the Nyaya mistook the means for the end, and spent all its energies in building up a science of Logic, discussing its minutest details with a hair-splitting subtlety which has no parallel in the history of human thought. The system of Purvamimamsa was at first a logic of Vedic exegetics, but since it was undertaken in the interests of the religion of the sacrifice, the sacrifice occupied a large place in the religious philosophy of that system. Every detail of the sacrifice became a fetish till at last in the philosophy of the system God. was not, and the gods were little more than somethings which were expressed by words in the dative case in the formulae of offerings. Yet the principle which was responsible for this evolution, or degeneration if you please, was far from ignoble. If the Brahmanas became the centre of Vedic literature, and sacrifice the essence of religion, it was because doing and not being was regarded as the ideal of life. Secondly, in attributing to the sacrifice a compelling power which governed gods as well as men, the system of Purvamimamsa placed Law above the arbitrary will of gods. Besides this, by defining Pramana as that which makes known what was not known already, it separated the spheres of Reason and Faith: thus, the Veda ruled only where the senses and reason had no authority, that is, in matters which transcended their sphere. The school also distinguished between the main proposition and obiter dicta, and between a precept and the legend by which it is supported. It thus winnowed the wheat from the chaff, and rationalised religion.

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Presidential Address 781 The evolution of the doctrines of Vedanta is too wellknown to need much elaboration. However, a brief review of the philosophy of the Acharyas may be attempted so as to mark the principal stages of its evolution. The earliest school of the Vedantic theology was Bhedabheda-Vada 1. e. Difference-cum -Unity, in which bheda and abheda were regarded as equally real, and the ideal of life was supposed to consist in recognizing this fact or in progressing from one to the other (doctrine of Azmarathya and auDulomi ). Next came the Upadhi-Vada in which abheda was regarded as essential and real, and bheda as dependent upon upadhi, yet equally real. This more or less self-contradictory formula of the art and upAdhivAda was superseded by the Kevaladvaita of Sankara in which the Unity was declared to be real and the difference as unreal. The next stage was to refuse to relegate Individual Spirits and Nature to the category of the Unreal, and to substitute for Sankara's Absolute Monism-with-Maya the doctrine of a triune (three-in-one) complex Reality consisting of the three principles of God, Nature and Man, of which the two latter were forms of the first, but all the three were equally real. To the next AcaryaVallabha-all, the preceding doctrines. including Sankara's Kevaladvaita which was based on Maya-vada appeared to be a departure from rigorous Advaitism, inasmuch as, in all of them something over and above Brahma was posited. Hence he claimed for his own doctrine of simple Brahma without Maya the title of Brahmavada or Suddhadvaita 2. e. pure advaita as distinguished from the kevaladvaita of Sankara and

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782 Presidential Address the Visistadvaita of Ramanuja. The advaitisms of Ramanuja and Vallabha remained stereotyped, but that of Sankara assumed several forms. To use the simplest metaphor for illustrating the unreality of individual selves as against the reality of the Universal Self is to say that the former are sfafafas or reflections of the latter. This was faragfafaragi and it was as old as the Upanishads. But the difficulty felt in its acceptance was that this presupposes the existence of a separate medium of reflection, such as water or glass, whereas Maya or Avidya cannot be said to be seperate from Brahma. To meet this objection another theory, known as 379 uscare or the theory of delimitation, was started. According to it the individual selves were not the reflections of Brahma in a separate medium, but Brahma delimited or cira cumscribed by the walls of individuality. But walls, too, are something other than the space which they enclose. To avoid this element of dvaitism, another interesting metaphor was suggested, namely Suitrated 2. e, as Karna mistook himself as the son of Radha, when in truth he was the son of Pitha, in the same way does Brahma mistake itself for jiva. Such was the progressive attempt at illustrating the unity of jiva and Brahma. Similarly the objective world ( fa que argitaar) is at first made parallel with the subject (viSayicaitanya-pramAtRcaitanya), both being regarded as modes of a single Ideal Reality (warm). This form of Idealism which might appear to be a concession to Realism is carried further in the same direction, 50 that we have next a distinction drawn between IzvarasRSTi and jIvasRSTi ne. the world which is a creation

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Presidential Address 783 of God, and the world which is a creation of the individual self: thus the external world which I see round about us is God-made, whereas the personal interest which I take in it is what makes it my world; so that Moksha is the cessation of the latter, not the former. This is obviously a greater concession to Realism than that contained in the parallelism of fagfaaret and fequeant. Next, the pendulum swings back full length and Idealism is reinstated with a venge. ance; thus, the external reality may be regarded as a creation of the individual mind which in its turn, may be supposed to be a fictitious manifestation of Brahma: this is known as Efezfeara; i. e. to see is to create, as opposed to the earlier reefe, that is, you see what is created already. This doctrine is coupled with ekajIvavAda where ekajIva may be hiraNyagarbha, in which case the world would be a dream of the cosmic soul: this is objective Idealism. The last and the extreme point to which Idealism can go but which it has never reached so boldly since the days of Gaudapada and the Buddhist Nihilists and Sankara, as he appears in the Commentary on Gaudapada's karikas, is that the exernal Reality does not exist at all, being no better than the footprint of a bird in the sky (atai Tearfia a geh'). Such is the evolution of the Darsanas, of the schools of the Acaryas, and of the doctrines of some Sankara commentators. The story of the evolution of Indian Philosophy will not be complete without some note however brief of the Bhakti School. This school which traces its descent to the Big Veda Suktas has been served its desce the Bhakti Se, without somendian Philosophy

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784 Presidential Address from time to time by nearly all the other schools of philosophy viz Sakhya, Yoga, Vedanta, Mimanisa and Nyaya and is not wanting even in the history of Jainism and Buddhism. In Brahmanism its principal varieties are the cults of Vishnu, Siva, and Sakti of which the first was cultivated early in the North and later in the South, the second and the third mostly in Kashmir and Bengal respectively. The last two, moreover, were saturated with Samkhya, Yoga and Vedantic Samkhya, and possessed both an elevated and a degraded form. The cult of Vishnu has passed through many stages of evolution corresponding mainly to the forms and incarnations of Vishnu. But neither the question of the horizontal influence of the Darsanas, nor the story of the evolution of Vaishnava cults need engage us. For, our task in regard to the Bhakti school should be to trace 'the evolution of the idea of Bhakti itself. The earliest type of Bhakti is of course the selfish () bhakti, expressed in such prayers as zaM no bhava dvipade zaM ". (R. Samhita.) Alongside of this, however, there lie in the RkSamhita passages such as that in which the bhakta says to his Lord parA hi me vimanyavaH patanti vasya iSTaye vayo na vasatIrupa. " My thoughts fly to thee, Oh Lord, as birds to their nests." In the Bhagavadgita bhakti is preached in all its spiritual fullness, and later, in the Sutras of Sandilya and Narada, it is found defined, analysed and illustrated in its various forms by examples taken from the Ramayana, the Mahabharata and the Puranas. In the teachings of Ramanujacarya there is an attempt to establish its connection with jnana and karma "l

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Presidential Address 785 but the bonds soon get loose, and bhakti reigns supreme in its singleness and simplicity. Bhakti is now not only love but self-surrender (qafe). This union of the human will with the Divine Will may be in the manner of the young one of a monkey clinging to its mother, while the latter is freely jumping from tree to tree, or it may be like that of a kitten which is carried about by the mothercat in her mouth without the least effort on its own part ( Heror' or 'ASA-PUTT'). The original contribution of the Bhakti school of India which one misses in all the other theologies of the West and the East with the exception of Sufism (which betrays the influence of Vedanta and bhakti) is the discovery of God in Beauty as distinguished from God in Truth and God in Goodness. I have thus endeavoured to show, within the short time at my disposal and the compass appropriate to an inaugural address, that the subject of Indian Philosophy admits of a historical treatment in which the rise of the different systems and the subsequent development of each system can be presented as one continuous story of Indian Thought governed by the principle of evolution. A history written along these lines should be the first step towards modernising the study of Indian Philosophy. IV - Let us next try to estimate the capacity of Indian Philosophy to fall in line with the speculations of Western thinkers. I do not propose, in this connection, to attempt a review of the ancient and

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Presidential Address 88 mediaeval European thought, for the problem which I have set to myself is to show that Indian Philosophy is not merely a subject for an archaeologist of the human mind to excavate from the abyss of Time and place in his museum, but that it deserves to take an honourable place in the advancing thought of the modern world. As is well-known, the foundation of modern European Philosophy is Descartes's cogito ergo sum. This, together with his antithesis of subject and object or the thinking substance and extended substance, will be found anticipated centuries before in the following passage of Samkara's Commentary on the Brahma Sutras: AtmatvAJcAtmano nirAkaraNazaGkAnupapattiH / na hyAtmA'gantukaH kasyacit / svayaM siddhatvAt / na hyAtmA'nmanaH pramANamapekSya sidhyati / tasya hi pratyakSAdIni pramANAnya siddhaprameyasiddhaye upAdIyante / na hyAkAzAdayaH padArthAH pramANanirapekSAH svayaMsiddhAH kenacidabhyupagamyante / AtmA tu pramANAdivyavahArAzrayatvAt prAgeva pramANAdivyavahArAt sidhyati / na cedRzasya nirAkaraNaM saMbhavati / AgantukaM hi vastu nirAkriyate na svarUpam | ya eva hi nirAkartA tadeva tasya svarUpam / na AgnerauSNyamagjhinA nirAkriyate / tadAhamevedAnIM jAnAmi vartamAna vastvahamevAtItamatItataraM cAjJAsiSa mahamevAnAgatamanAgatataraM jJAsyAmItyatItAnAgatavartamAnAbhAvenAnyathA bhavatyapi jJAtavye, na jJAturanyathAbhAvo'sti sadA vartamAnasvabhAvatvAt / ...... / evamapratyAkhyeyasvabhAvatvAdevAkAryatvamAtmanaH " Some of the sentences read like passages from Descartes, Kant or Green. Samkara, moreover, is here only restating what was declared much earlier in the Upanishads and the Bhagavadgita, but I have preferred to quote from Samkara because his expression bears a remarkable similarity with Descartes. In fact the dualism introduced by Descartes, the difficulties of the para $786

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Presidential Address 787 llelism of matter and mind, difficulties which Occasionalism could not solve, the consequent Monism of Spinoza, and its break-up into Lcibnitzian Pluralism of Spiritual Monads-all of these, with their thesis and antithesis have their counterparts in Samkhya, Samkara, Post-samkara samkara and Ramanuja schools. Similarly, turning to England, one finds that the Idealism of Berkeley and the psychological Phenomenalism of Hume can be read in many a work of Post-Sankara samkara Vedanta and in the earlier Buddhistic writings. Kant's Thing-in-itself is 37f89196a of sain kara Vedanta, and the difficulty encountered in reconciling it with his idealistic position is equally felt by Indian commentators. Kant's criticism of Rational Psychology is easily paralleled by the Vedantic criticism of Nyaya, and his unity of apperception, if it is not an empty logical process but an ideal reality, is the faia-315AT of Vedantic epistemology. Moreover, the distinction between the transcendental and the empirical ego, or to put it somewhat differently, between the transcendental unity of self-consciousness and the empirical existence of the finite subject-a distinction which it has been the pride of modern European Philosophy to have drawn-is as old in India as the age of Sankhya and Vedanta in which purusha, kutastha and sakshi are distinguished from ahamkara and- jiva. Kant's criticism of Rational Theo. logy reminds one of Ramanuja's criticism of the Naiyayika proof of the existence of God, His famous declaration that "the starry heavens above and the moral law within"' convinced him of the existence of God may be matched by the two consecutive sutras;

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788 Presidential Address the very second and third of the 1st Adh. 1st Pada of the Brahma Sutras : "TATTET a:" and "TTEUTfacara" i. e. From Him this springs, in Him this lives, into Him this returns (Here mark the pronoun 'this' 2764'). The author, it would seem, when he wrote this was standing face to face before the world, as did Kant when the starry sky inspired him with faith in the existence of God. Next, 'lautficara'. He is the source of the Sastra--that is, Truth and Law which in the Indian sense includes moral as well as social and religious law. Kant's analysis of Practical Reason leads him to the conclusion that if virtue and happiness are to coincide as they should, if there is to be no rift in the lute of this Universe--there must be a life hereafter where virtue is to be rewarded and there is a God to reward it. This is the famous argument of 'maarTTES' for the immortality of the soul and of 'serai' for the existence of God--both of which are widely familiar in Indian Philosophy (see inter alia Nyayakusumanjali of Udayanacarya ) I do not know if within the whole range of Eastern and Western philosophies a more succinct definition of the transcendence and immanence of God is found than the one occurring in a well-known prayer of Bhagavata" facutat garcia: " (Glory to Him Who is the negative of all negatives, and who himself has no negative. Who is the positive of all negatives but of whom there is no negative. ) or a fuller and profounder statement of the relation of God to the world and the soul than that contained in the following passage of the Antaryami-Brahmana, " yaH pRthivyAM tiSThan pRthivyA antaraH yaM pRthivI na veda yasya

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Presidential Address, 789 pRthivI zarIraM yaH pRthivImantaro yamayati eSa ta AtmA'nta fruua: 1" Later developments of Kantian Idealism which are known as Subjective, Objective and Absolute Idealism of Fichte, Schelling and Hegel have their perfect parallels in Post-Sankara sainkara Vedanta. Hegel's doctrine of the Unity of Being and Non-being can be compared with a similar doctrine of the Jainas. Comte's refusal to recognize metaphysical reality is in the manner of Gautama Buddha and Buddhists. Coming down to the nineteenth century England, the Unknown and the Unknowable (Beyond) of Herbert Spencer is the Ttragt of Vedanta, and the note of his agnosticism cannot surpass the "ko'ddhAveda kuta AbabhUva" of the famous Vedic Sukta. His Transfigured Realism can be compared with and treated as a commentary on the Idealist Realism of the Sautrantikas. English Neo-Hegelianism inaugurated by Green and carried forward by a host of eminent thinkers like Bradley and Bosanquet is a combination of Samkara and Ramanuja Idealisms. Crossing over to the other side of the Atlantic we hear the great apostle of Pragmatism-William James--defining Reality in words which sound like an echo of the Indian 'arthakriyAkAritvaM Eary. Moreover, it is interesting to compare it with the 5919giftet ear of ata in Samkara, omitting the latter's qrthiferent. Ent of the Absolute. Further, James' emphasis on doing as distinguished from being as the meaning of life reminds one of the Mimain. saka doctrine of 'AmnAyasya kriyArthatvam ' and the consequential doctrine of factor as against the Vedantin's bhUtArthavAda or siddhArthavAda, and of the centra

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790 Presidential Address lity of tra in Vedic life, that is, act instead of fact. Bergson, who stands foremost among contemporary European philosophers, has remarkable affinity with the philosophy of sakta Vedanta wherein a dynamic Chit-Sakti instead of the static Brahma of the ordinary Vedanta is posited as Reality. Some of the metaphors employed by him to illustrate his view of Time remind one of similar metaphors used with reference to the activity of avidya in Samkara's philosophy. Beagson's analysis of Time, and the doctrine of Space-Time which of late has come very much to the front carry our thoughts to the idea of Time as treated in Nyaya, Samkhya, Vedanta and more especially, Jain philosophy. Iwo other philosophers of outstanding fame on the continent are Croce and Gentile, both idealists: Of these the latter is so distinctly Vedantic that numerous pages can be quoted from his writings which disclose close parallels with those of Sankara and his followers. "The Subjectivity of the Real", "Unity of Mind and multiplicity of things", "Subject which is never Object ", " What becomes never is" are headings of some of the chapters and sections of chapters of Gentile's " Theory of Mind as Pure Act", which may well become titles of adhikaranas in a work of Vedanta. The greatest problem of the day in British philosophy, however, is Realism versus Idealism from which are now emerging new types of Idealism and Realism which may be characterised as Idealistic Realism and Realistic Idealism. To this Indian philosophy is in a position to make valuable contributions. When that contact between the East and the West

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Presidential Address 791 for which I am pleading is established the gain will not be always on one side. The mathematical theory of Einstein, and Haldane's application of it to Philosophy so as to mark the inauguration of the reign of Relativity, will be as good and original an exposition of Indian Idealism as any hitherto written in the school of Samkara or Ramanuja. This is a bare list of references to a few of the innumerable points in which the philosophies of the East and the West can meet and lead a common life. However, it should not be understood that the resemblances here indicated are in all cases complete. But this very fact will make their common life more interesting. For, life is a net-work and not a parallelogram of forces. The great obstacle, however, which has hitherto blocked the way is that the philosophy of the East has not been made fully available to the West. Dr. Ganga Nath Jha has rendered invaluable service to the cause of Indian Philosoyhy by translating some of its abstruse works into English. These have been availed of by a few Orientalists of the West, but Indian Philosophy as a whole or in detail has not yet become a subject of popular study nor has it acquired a place as philosophy in the great seats of learning in Europe and America. The only way to obtain its recognition is to present it in the form which will be intelligible to the Western reader and this it is the business of the members of this Congress to attempt. For this purpose it may sometimes be necessary to alter its phraseology, or restate its propositions and adapt them to modern forms of

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792 Presidential Address thought, of course, without essentially changing them. Let me illustrate my meaning by a few examples. Amongst the Brahmana Darsanas it is a subject of serious discussion between the Naiyayikas and the Mimansakas whether the Veda has an author. The former hold that it has an author, and that a Divine Author. The latter deny the existence of God and maintain that the Veda is eternal. The Vedantins intercede between these warring schools and effect a compromise by holding that the Veda has no author, that it has been eternally existing, only it is recited by God at the beginning of every cycle of creation. Apparently, the whole controversy is foolish. But it becomes quite a different proposition if you go deeper and perceive that the 'Veda' means knowledge or thought, so that the question at issue is: Is truth made by God? or is it eternal ? or is it simply revealed by God? To recall the question discussed by the English Platonists of the seventeenth century, are mathemetical or necessary truths--such as two and two make four-willed by God or are they independent of His Will? In other words, do two and two make four because such is God's will or is it a truth which God has simply to record ?-a problem which sounds curious but not at all absurd, and yet it is essentially the same as that discussed by Indian schoolmen. Be it noted that the meaning of "Veda" as here given, viz, the thought or idea appears to be the only natural and possible meaning of the word when we remember that it has been elsewhere rightly described as stuff from which God has made this world (" ut avotsfaci grata faha"). This inter

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Presidential Address 793. pretation, of the word " Veda" is justified by the doctrine of Logos in Western Philosophy. The same applies mutatis mutandis to the wider problem into which the above question has been subsequently enlarged: that problem is the eternity or non-eternity of Sabda. Prima facie the position of the Mimainsakas who hold that yote is face will appear absurd. But here too if we bear in mind that they distinguish between you and safe, and yoc in their philosophy is the permanent reality which reveals itself in safat, the proposition will become very different and fairly tenable. To give another example : Apparently one of the crudest arguments for proving the existence of God is one mentioned in Nyaya-Kusumanjali where it is said that the existence of God can be inferred from the necessity of teaching the use of language-words and their meanings-to the first man (qara' ). But here too, if we only scratch the surface we realise that the argument instead of being the crudest is one of the profoundest ever employed in the service of Theism : it is that God is the author of Human Civilization : it is He Who establishes community of thought and possibility of its exchange between man and man, and thus makes civilization possible. This re-interpretation or extension of meaning, if any, is not without a precedent elsewhere. Christ's Kingdom of Heaven was once an event in time, which soon comes to be understood as an eternal verity. These are some of the suggestions I beg to put forward in regard to the future work of this section. In doing so I have trespassed too much upon the 100

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794 Presidential Address time of this assembly and I dare not abuse the privilege of my chair any longer. However, I may be permitted to make a concluding remark. In submitting a plea for the better recognition of Indian Philosophy, I may assure you, ladies and gentlemen, that I am not actuated by false patriotism. I firmly hold that in Philosophy there is no such thing as East and West or old and new, but I am equally certain that there can be no satisfactory progress of human civilization unless mankind conserves its past and at the same time moves forward as one compact whole. . In these days of rapid communication India can no longer remain an isolated nation. One has only to watch the banks of the Hooghly or the Bombay Harbour to realise how powerful are trade currents of the world into which India is being drawn. Her political and social institutions are undergoing a gradual but steady transformation. Even some of her long-cherished religious prejudices are being shed in order to enable her to keep pace with the march of progressing humanity. Therefore, if in this age of inevitable transformation, India is to retain her soul, she must keep her philosophy alive, and the way to do so is not to shut it off from the rest of the world, or even to rest content with bringing it to light, but it is to make it share the world's larger life. This, I am confident, will bless both the giver and the receiver.

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Presidential Address 11 795 Presidential Address [Given as the president of the fourth Indian Philosophical Congress, Madras, 1928 ] "gearcnfaar faqmai aie: gazar$?gg || 4. ft. ' "" "I am the spiritual lore among lores; I am the discourse of the seeker of the Truth among those who discourse. "-Bh. Gita Brother delegates, Ladies and Gentlemen. At the last Annual meeting of the British Institute of Philosophical Studies, Sir Martin Conway, rising to second the vote of thanks to the President said: "In venturing to address this audience to-day I am giving a greater example of courage-perhaps I should say anxiety-than I have ever done in my life, for I have not the faintest claim to number myself amongst the Philosophers. But it has been my habit in life, when I was asked to do anything, to try to do it, and I am this afternoon on that footing just to fulfil as far as I can the demand made upon me." Although I have not been guilty of weaving a metaphysical cobweb myself, I confess I have felt interested in following the threads of some of the cobwebs of the world's great spiders, and still more in that greatest Spider Himself, Who has projected this world, and so far, in this minor sense, I cannot disown the label of a 'Philosopher' altogether. But I am sure I am not erring on the side of selfdepreciation when I say that the mantle which you have thrown upon me could have more appropriately fallen upon some other shoulders And yet, I am here before you at your bidding because, to use the

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796 Presidential Address words of Sir Martin once more, "it has been my habit in life, when I was asked to do anything, to try to do it, and fulfil as far as I can the demand made upon me." I cannot begin my address without a word of sorrow for the death of Viscount Haldane, who whatever else he was or was not, was certainly first and foremost a philosopher of powerful intellect, who besides endeavouring to investigate and map out a pathway to Reality perceived the potentialities of Einsten's theory of Relativity and applied it to various problems of Philosophy with a breadth of vision all his own. Only recently his eagle eyes had turned towards the East, and he had begun to feel . " Like some watcher of the skies When a new planet swims into his ken," But alas, before he could survey the new world in detail, he passed away, to the deepest grief of all those who feel interested in the future of Indian Philosophy. May his soul rest in peace! Ordinarily, a President would be expected to review generally, without entering into minute details, the activities of the year in his subject, and to indicate their general tendency and significance, so as to keep his comrades wide awake to the problems of the day. But in the subject of Philosophy this task is rendered difficult by a number of causes. In the first place, in Philosophy every year is not marked by outstanding discoveries of truth, while indication of general tendencies is attended with difficulties which are peculiar to this subject. Fichte was not altogether wrong when he said that "the kind of Philosophy that a man chooses depends upon the kind of man

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Presidential Address 797 he is; " and as observed by Professor Muirhead "Of the general trend of philosophy in our time each writer would probably give a different account and most would experience a certain satisfaction in discovering that it was in the direction of the establishment of his own particular views." Yet, inspite of these difficulties, one need not be chary about forming or expressing his views on the philosophy of his day, even though it may be impossible to eliminate the personal factor. For in the march of philosophy, knowledge grows from more to more, in which every thought matters, no thought is perfect truth, and what Shelley said of Poetry is true of Philosophy that 'it is not an unrelated collection of separate inventions, but a vision of the eternal which all poets"--and we may add philosophers--"like the co-operating thoughts of one great mind, have built up since the beginning of the world." Among 'the co-operating thoughts of this great Mind, the humblest of human thoughts has a place, and this is my apology for attempting a short notice of the main tendencies of contemporary philosophical thought. Owing to obvious limitations of time and space, I cannot undertake to review all the prominent figures of the age, nor a signle one of them completely or even adequately. I shall have to select just a few influential writers by way of illustrating those tendencies and offer my remarks as I pass on. Moreover, much as I wish that it were possible to notice the tendencies in all the branches into which the work of our Congress is divided, I recognise that your time is too valuable to be used up in a preliminary discourse which, after all, is bound to be a cursory aeroplane eye-view.

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798 Presidential Address I The first thing that strikes an observer as he casts his eye upon the philosophy of the new century is the growing share which Science is taking in the problems of Philosophy. To understand the full significance of this attitude, we have to trace the pathwhich we can do here only very briefly-through which the human mind has travelled in the matter of this eternal question. As is well-known, with the ancient Greeks Philosophy was the only science, from which special sciences gradually emerged. Later, "( Away, haunt not thou me Thou vain Philosophy. Little hast thou bestead Save to perplex the head." -These lines of the poet Clough express the attitude of the average Christian towards Philosophy; and yet to the great glory and benefit both of the Christian religion and Greek philosophy, Pauline Christianity in its beginning as well as further development was philosophy brought to bear upon religion, so that Dean Inge is today perfectly justified in speaking of "Platonic tradition in English religious thought." Paradoxical as it may appear, Bacon, the father of English empirical philosophy was hardly a philosopher himself, and took little interest in what we now understand by Philosophy. However, with the practical common sense characteristic of the Englishman, he separated the provinces of Reason and Faith, Science and Religion. In the next two centuries Science was too much absorbed in its own activities to think of its relationship with Philosophy; and the

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Presidential Address 799 latter went on in its own even tenour of speculation, unaware of the clouds of conflict that were gathering on the horizon. When Science awoke to its own potentialities and became self-conscious, it invaded the domain of Philosophy and snatched the reins of government from its hands, leaving little or nothing for Philosophy, its old master and latterly its neighbour. In the meantime Kant, with a sense of justice unsurpassed in the history of thought, vindicated the claim of Philosophy to settle not only its own boundaries but also those of Science, But his efforts to establish a perpetual peace between the two warring forces eventually failed, and in the latter half of the nineteenth century we witness a furious battle raging between Philosophy and Science, in which victory lies with Science in the earlier and with Philosophy in the latter part. The crude Materialism and Atheism of the eighteenth century were replaced by Naturalism and Agnosticism in the nineteenth. It is well- . known how Darwin's science, though strictly speaking biological, trenched upon the problems of Philosophy very seriously. For tracing the descent of man from lower life, and showing that he was only a link in the long chain of Evolution, governed by the laws of natural selection and survival of the fittest, Darwin's theory gave rise to doubts about the spiritual nature of Man, and dealt almost a death-blow to the design argument for the existence of God as then understood. The popularity of the new theory in the early years of the second half of the nineteeth century created a serious menace to Philosophy, which found two of its fundamental doctrines, the spiritual nature of Man

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800 Presidential Address - and the existence of God, thus challenged. Luckily for the cause of Philosophy Green stemmed the tide of Naturalisim. However much one may criticise the Neo-Hegelianism of Green and his followers, Philo. sophy owes an incalulable debt of gratitude to this great school of British Idealism. Just as the mechanical concept of the eighteenth century was superseded by the biological concept of the third quarter of the nineteenth century, so was the biological replaced by the spiritual concept of the fourth. Thus, matter, life and spirit are the three ruling ideas which mark successive stages in the history of philosophical thought in the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries in Europe, more especially in France and Britain. During the period of the eclipse which overtook Philosophy in the third quarter of the nineteenth century, it was reduced to the position of General Science, or the Logic of Science, or a hierarchical classification of the particular sciences, and it was peremptorily advised 'not to speculate on origins and final ends, but to accept the actual and reduce all disordered and chaotic life and knowledge to orderly arrangement. As Comte maintained, the age of Theology had been followed by that of Metaphysics, and now the age of Metaphysics was to be superseded by that of Science. II But all this has changed. The old problems of Philosophy which divided thinkers into realists and idealists, theists, atheists, free-willists and determinists have come to new life, in this age, with just this difference that Philosophy and Science are not regarded as watertight compartments, but are permitted to

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Presidential Address 801 influence each other as parts of one organic whole of knowledge. Thus among the eminent philosophers or those who work in the field of Philosophy at the present day--such as Bergson, Alexander, and Russell, to mention only a few prominent names-have used their knowledge of Science for investigating the problems of Philosophy. 'Philosophy', says Alexander, may be described as the experimental or empirical study of the non-empirical,' 'its spirit is one with the spirit of Science,' 'the two differing not so much in their method as in the nature of the subjects with which they deal.' While the use of the empirical method of Science in the domain of Philosophy has given it a strong Realistic turn as against the Idealism of the last quarter of the nineteenth century, the 'theory of Relativity, which is the most revolutionary discovery of the present-day science, has played havoc with our common sense ideals of Space and Time, and has thereby breathed new life into the school of Idealism. Still, as was to be expected, the preponderance of the influence which Science has exercised on Philosophy must be pronounced to be in the direction of Realism. How far the new Realists are consistent in their position or have drawn right conclusions from their premises is, however a different question. At least the lines of demarcation between Realism and Idealism at the present day have become very indistinct. The new Realism is far different from the old Naturalism which was inaugurated by Darwin's theory of Evolution. For example, in the Realism of Alexander, minds possess reality no less and no more 101

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802 Presidential Address than that which belongs to other things.' "Minds," 'in this view, in the words of Alexander, "are but the more gifted members known to us in a democracy of things. In respect of being or reality all existences are on equal footing. They vary in eminence; as in a democracy where talent has an open career the most gifted rise to influence and authority." This view, however, is not toto caelo opposed to the Idealism of Green, Bradley and Bosanquet, which it endeavours to supersede. In the inseparability of mind and things which this particular form of Idealism stands for, mind is not the individual mind of you and me, but the Universal Mind, that is the mind of God, or mind as such. To give a parrallel from Indian PhiJosophy, the mind in which things live, love and have their being is Parmatman and not Jivatman, not the self but the Self.: Realism, however, goes further : it admits that nothing can be known without a' mind, but this does not mean, it argues, that nothing can exist except on relation to mind. "A table cannot be an object to my mind unless there is a mind to which it is an object. It cannot be known without a mind to know. But how much does it owe to that mind ? Merely, that it is known, but neither its qualities nor its existence." I wonder how this statement of Alexander's with respect to the independent objective reality of qualities he Trould reconcile with the modern doctrine of Relativity as regards what are called "primary qualities". Moreover, in regard to the existence of the external world Alexander's argument fails to meet the thesis of the *Vide Bralima Sutras, IV. 19. with Sankara's commentary.

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Presidential Address 803 Idealistic school, which is not that the so-called external reality owes its existence to mind, but that it is in mind and is a part of its activity. That a part is in the whole, does not mean that it is caused by the whole. According to Alexander, mind has a neural basis. In place of the old doctrines of parallelism and interaction of mind and matter he substitutes one of continuity amounting to identity. "All psychoses", he says "are neuroses". They imply, however, the emergence of a new feature which he explains as a case of "emergent evolution". (I do not know how far this doctrine of "emergent evolution" can escape the horns of Sankara's anirvacaniyatavada or save itself without the help of the anekanta-syadyada of the all-merciful Jaina.) His statement that a process with the distinctive quality of mind or consciousness is 'in the same place and time with a neural process' is a bit of dogmatic philosophy in which the problem of bridging the gulf between consciousness and physiological process is evidently shirked. Equally unsatisfactory is his account of the cognitive relation which he understands as a case of 'compresence' or 'togetherness' of a higher finite and lower finite, the mind and its object. To reduce the relation of the subject and the object which is the whole problem of epistemology to the 'compresence of co-ordinates, as in the NyayaVaiseshika system of Indian Philosophy is to miss the singularity of the cognitive relation in which the object is not cognized as co-ordinate with the subject but as antithetic to it. Moreover, he speaks of the mind as 'enjoing' itself, yet 'contemplating' its object.

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804 Presidential Address This distinction between 'enjoyment' and 'contemplation' is in truth grounded upon the familiar distinction between self-consciousness and other-consciousness and it opens the door to idealism by placing mind in a unique position as against its objects. I think if the world of thought is to be made safe for Realism, as its advocates desire to do, all trace of distinction between subject and object should be destroyed, and reality should be conceived simply as a congeries of objects or things-a sub-human feat which the human mind can never perform. To some Alexander's identification of psychosis and neurosis might seem to border on materialism, but he himself would protest against this interpretation on the ground that in his view both mind and matter are evolutes of space~lime, being 'complexes of motion differentiated within the one all-containing and all-encompassing system of motion. These empirical things or existents or grouping of events or point instants as they are called, Alexander pictures as 'whirl-pools' within the ocean of Space-Time, 'crystals' which cannot be separated from but remain swimming in 'the ocean of Space-Time.' Here is, surely, an alluring picture for a Vedantin to contemplate. I say alluring, because there is this vital difference between his view and Alexander's, that while according to Vedanta Brahman bifurcates into bhoktr and bhogya, really or apparently, or bhokt makes its own bhogya, in Alexander's system the evolution takes place along a single line in which bhogya precedes the bhokt. Mind according to Alexander, is an emergent from life, as life is an emergent from a lower physico-chemical level of

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Presidential Address 805 existence. What saves this view from being ranked as crude materialism is the use of the word 'emergent' which only hides its real character. Alexander says: "Out of certain physiological conditions nature has framed a new quality of mind which is therefore not itself physiological though it lives and moves and has its being in physiological conditions. ......mind is thus at once new and old." "Out of three sounds" like browning's musician, "C Nature frames not a fourth sound but a star." At the same time, says Alexander, mind is through its physiological character continuous with the neural processes, and yet not an epiphenomenon of the neural process, not a kind of aura which surrounds that process but plays no effective part of its own.' But he admits at the same time that there is no evidence to show that the particular neural process would possess its specific neural character if it were not also mental. This last is an important statement which if worked out to its logical conclusion should prove fatal to materialism. Moreover, the argument based on physiological conditions of mental activity fails to distinguish between cause and conditions of manifestation. "L III Another thinker of the present day who illustrates the influence of Science on Philosophy is Bertrand Russell. Unlike Alexander, a veteran metaphysician, Russell is a neophyte in the temple of Philosophy, having wandered into it from his original home of Mathematics and Physics. His adventure, however,

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806 Presidential Address has proved a gain to his new subject to which he has contributed much penetrating and scientific thought, though part of it seems to be still in the making, and a great deal misses the essential problems of Philosophy. I have called Bertrand Russell a neophyte in the temple of Philosophy, but I think I must hasten to correct the metaphor and say that this 'conscientious objector' during the last Great War is an imperialist of Science who is longing to conquer and annex his neighbour's territory. Thus in his latest book he writes: "all traditional philosophers have to be discarded and we have to start afresh with as little a respect as possible for the systems of the past. Our age has penetrated more deeply into the nature of things than any earlier age, and it would be a false modesty to overestimate what can still be learned from the metaphysicians of the seventeenth, eighteenth and nineteenth centuries." The logical consequence of this advice would be that we should amalgamate ourselves some day--the sooner the better-with the body which is shortly to hold its next session in this city. But I do not think the situation is quite so hopeless. In my humble opinion, the waves of Science as they have done frequently in the past, so do they now-dash themselves against the rocks of Metaphysics and retire; they do not so much as even cover them as those other waves do the sands on your beautiful Beach. Recently Science has influenced Philosophy in two mutually contradictory directions while in the carlier years it led to discontent with Idealism, of late

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Presidential Address 807 it has contributed largely--though unconsciously towards resuscitating its old adversary. "To say that you see a star when you see the light that has come from it is' says Russell, "no more correct than to say that you see New-Zealand when you see a NewZealander in London. Your perception when (as you say) you see a star is causally connected, in the first instance, with what happens in the brain, the optic nerve, and the eye, then with the light-wave which, according to Physics, can be traced back to the star as its source.. Your sensation will be closely similar if the light comes from a lamp at the top of a mast. The physical space in which you believe the "real" star to be is an elaborate inference; what is given is the private space in which the speck of light you see is situated. This illustrates what I mean by saying that what you see is not "out there" in the sense of Physics." Now add to this scientific fact the truths revealed by the principle of Relativity which has abolished one cosmic time and one persistent space, and has laid stress on the subjective conditions of the observer's mind as a factor in perception, and the ruin of the commonsense faith in Realism would seem to be complete. Consequently, the so-called new Realism may, in truth, be called Scientific Idealism to distinguish it from Kant's Critical Idealism and Hegel's Absolute Idealism; or to take it at its word, it may be characterised as Sensationalism, which is only 'half-brother' to Idealism. Let us cast a glance on Russell's theory of Reality and his theory of Perception, and see how -far this chacterization is-justified. "Everything in

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808 Presidential Address m uvuorovou the world," says Russell in his latest book, "is composed of events." An "event" he understands, in view of the theory of Relativity, as something occupying a small finite amount of Space-Time. The word "event" has been intended to suggest that there is no such thing as matter in the sense of substance, or that ultimate and indivisible form of it which the old physicists and chemists called an "atom". Matter and motion, the ultimate realities of the bygone age, are "logical construction" using events as their material. The true ultimate reality, therefore, is not material, neither is it mental. Adopting a suggestion of Dr. Sheffer, Russell calls his theory "neutral monism," monism in the sense that it regards the world as composed of only one kind of stuff, namely events, though it is pluralism in so far as events are many of which each is a self-subsistent entity This particularism (which may be compared with the Buddhist doctrine of svalakshanas) which distinguishes Russell's philosophy from Alexander's is a serious flaw in the former, for neither science nor philosophy can evade the question-what makes the events one kind of stuff? Oneness of kind points to that further unity of principle which makes them one kind Even assuming that Russell's thesis was modified so far as to make it agree with Alexander's, I wonder how this "neutral monism" can be distinguished essentially and philosophically from the doctrine of the "Unknowable" which was set forth by Herbert Spencer in the nineteenth century, or that of Spinoza in the seven. teenth, except that in one case it does not confess to Agnosticism and has a theory of matter which

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Presidential Address .809 scientifically, (but not philosophically,) differs from that of Spencer, and that, in the other case, Spinoza's ultimate reality is supposed to be static and not dynamic. As regards the relation of matter aud mind Russell's answer is plainly materialistic. "As yet we cannot deduce the magnetic properties of iron from what we know of the structure of the atom of iron, but no one doubts that they could be deduced by a person with sufficient knowledge and sufficient mathematical skill. Similarly we can deduce mind from matter." The argument that minds have peculiar characteristics he meets by saying that "this is quite consistent with emergent materialism." But, if matter and motion-the old stock-in-trade of materialismare only "logical constructions" as Russell maintains, mind should be presupposed by matter, for logic is an activity of mind. Thus buddhi in the Samkhyasystem precedes mahabhutas and not vice-versa, while both of them are ultimately emergent from avyakta or pradhana. Moreover, one would ask what has Science left of matter? It has deprived it of solidity and substantiality, making it "a mere ghost haunting the scenes of its former splendour." "Russell's theory of Perception has passed through several stages, in which he has been gradually marching towards Sensationalism. In his latest book he emphasises the subjective element in perception, and declares that "the idea that perception in itself reveals the character of objects is a fond delusion." We have no direct knowledge of the external world, what knowledge we have of it being at the most inferential : as Russell puts it in his graphic way, "it is as if we could not 102

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810 Presidential Address see the sea, but could only see people disembarking at Dover." Eventually he recognizes sensations and sensa as the only reality, the external reality which was at first posited to explain sensa being eliminated altogether. All these points of view might show that he was an idealistic sensationalist, but he endeavours to range himself among materialists. And so he is, considering that the sensa according to him are physical occurrences in the brain, without any ulterior principle which would transmute them into consciousness. In fact, the same neutral particulars, according to Russell, belong to two worlds--the two cross-sections of Reality-the mental and the physical. Since sense organs play a part in the causation of sensa, and the sensa accordingly are private, it is argued that this position of Bertrand Russell must end in solipsism. But I think Russell would meet the criticism by regarding the sensa as private as viewed from within and public as viewed from without. The significance of this double aspect Russell has not cared to explore. He regards perception as a species of sensitivity. In truth, it involves sensitivity, but it is more than sensitivity. He sees no distinction between the case of a photographic plate sensitive to light and the mind in a living body except this that the living bodies are subject to the law of association or of the "conditional reflex." But is there no difference between mind and wax because we speak of 'impressions' in both cases ? Similarly, between the sensitivity of a photographic plate and that of the mind in a living body? The confusion arises from failure to distinguish between the literal and the metaphorical use of the

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Presidential Address 811 word. If the law of association or of the "conditional reflex" were properly analysed it would point to a principle of synthesis and illumination which turns the sense data into mental life. Thus Russell has prepared the case for Idealism, but has inconsequentially wandered into materialistic Realism. The whole trouble of the scientists arises from their failure to appreciate the true nature of consciousness. No analysis of mind or matter can successfully reduce reality to a series of discrete particulars or dethrone consciousness from its central position. These Akruras of scientists do not realise what confusion the Gopis will fall into when Keshna is removed from their midst. Reality is one eternal Rasa of Ktshna and Gopis-Kfshna setting the tune from the centre, as well as appearing by the side of every one of the Gopis who occupy the points on the circumference. Consciousness has thus a double aspect the noumenal and the phenomenal. The latter is the legitimate province of scientists, while the former falls within the exclusive jurisdiction of philosophers. If Alexander had analysed and not treated as ultimate the distinction between the 'enjoyed' and the 'contemplated' self, and Russell had explored the full import of the distinction which he has made between perception objectively regarded' and 'self-observation', they would have perhaps arrived at the point of view which makes Idealism inevitable. III Now let us for a moment consider whether modern Science which has obviously failed to supersede Philosophy has fared better in the matter of Religion.

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812 Presidential Address The God of science in the latter half of the nineteenth century was the 'Unknown' and 'Unknowable' of Herbert Spencer, and its religion consisted of what is called 'cosmic emotion'. But Spencer's Unknown and Unknowable though vast in its sublimity was less than man, not more, impersonal without being superpersonal : hence, it could not evoke love or reverence, but could only strike the imagination with awewhich is very simply described as 'cosmic emotion'. But Alexander's Space-Time, unlike Samkara's Brahman, which is at once personal and superpersonal, is not a principle before which the human soul could * be expected to bend and exclaim: " satyapi bhedApagame nAtha tavAhaM na mAmakInastvam / sAmudro hi taraGgaH kvacana samudro na tAraGgaH // " * Alexander admits this. He asks: "Since SpaceTime is already a whole and one, why, it may be urged, should we seek to go beyond it ? Why not identify God with Space-Time ?", and answers "Now no one could worship Space-Time. It may excite speculative or mathematical enthusiasm and fill our minds with intellectual admiration, but it lights no spark of religious emotion. Worship is not the response which Space-Time evokes in us, but intuition." One may be tempted to accept this position on behalf of sainkara Vedanta on the ground that Saznkara too makes a distinction between the Brahman of Upasana (worship) and the Brahman of Jnana (self-realisation), of which the latter may well be identified with Space* "I have transcended all sense of distinctions. Still, O Lord, I am Thy expiession, Thou not mine: a wave belongs to the ocean, the ocean does not belong to the wave."

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Presidential Address 813 Time. Again, the view that Time is the soul of SpaceTime with Space for its body may be traced in the conception of 'Digambara '-Kala, the Mahadeva, who has Space for his garment. But the parallel cannot be pressed further: for, in the Indian imagery, the Digambara is also Chidambara. Further, it should be noted that Sainkara's upasya Brahman is as real as ourselves: not a quality posited by the religious sentiment, as Alexander would have it, but a reality as good as ours, which commands our reverence as rightfully as our self excites our love naturally. Alexander defines God as the object of religious emotion, He is correlative to the emotion or sentiment, as food is correlative to appetite. 'What we worship, that is God" says Alexander. Such a view of God does away with all bigoted notions about true God and false gods, and substitutes the distinction of higher God and lower God based on the comparative values of the kinds of religious thought. "ye yathA mAM prapadyante areaea HTFUEH" (. sit.) is a noble doctrine which makes for religious toleration. But the weakness of Alexander's religious philosophy lies in this, that food is a reality which exists independently of appetite, whereas God, according to Alexander, is only a correr lative of religious sentiment. Alexander perceives the difficulty, but his attempted solution does not seem to meet the requirements of the case. God, he thinks, . is only a name for "the world big with deity": Y" FETOUTH' -a quality next, after mind towards which the Universe is tending, so that the religious sentiment is not directed towards what is, but towards what will be. Alexander does not see any incongruity

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814 Presidential Address dynatrine of 'em as truths to do justitie in supposing that the quality which is not yet, but is only in the womb of the growing Universe, exercises influence upon the human mind; in fact, he thinks that "caught in this movement of the world towards deity we rise to a higher level of existence." If the deity were not regarded as a quality which is yet to emerge, but a reality which is already here and now, the position would be acceptable to Vedanta. But the two principles to which modern scientists and philosophers seem committed are: first, the dynamic conception of Reality; and second, the doctrine of 'emergent evolution.' The Sankara Vedantin considers both as truths, but as halftruths. The first, according to him, fails to do justice to the static element which lies at the heart of the dynamic and makes the latter possible and intelligible. For, change is not mere succession : analysed carefully, it is the unity which discloses itself in succession. The second, namely, 'emergent evolution', if it is to be adequately interpreted, should be read backwards as well as forwards. For, let us remember that evolution is not the something as creation in the sense of absolutely new existence. 'Becoming,' as the modern Heracliteans call it, is, in full truth, being as well as coming. Let us try to understand and examine both these principles a little more closely, even at the risk of some repetition. The dynamic conception of Reality is intended to supersede the static attributed to Spinoza. I am not concerned with the problem of the true interpre. tation of Spinoza's philosophy, but there is no doubt that he has been long regarded as the arch offender who treated both God and the Universe as a dead

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Presidential Address block. As against him Hegel and his followers emphasised the dynamic character of idea or thought: and later, Bergson has substituted the concept of Life for those of matter and mind, not only as their original unity, but also as a dynamic principle which makes for Creative Evolution. 815 With all respect for the present-day European philosophy, I confess that I fail to understand the meaning of "dynamic" except in relation to "static", and submit that the substitution of the dynamic for the static is an error of the other extreme. The ultimate reality is in truth dynamic-cum-static,-the 'S'abala brahman', which is the synthesis of the dynamic and static-a synthesis expressed in Art by the image of Natarajan in that wonderful expression of movement and rest, which is the highest contribution of Dravidian India to philosophic Art, and in Metaphysics in the revolution of a contradiction or ontological antinomy within itself which the Samkara Vedantin calls anirvacaniyata of Maya. The second of these viz. 'emergent evolution' is virtually an attempt to express the synthesis of the two conflicting elements in causation, viz, the old and the new, and it comprises the following propositions. *It would be beside my purpose to go into the problem of the First Cause according to Samkara Vedanta; nor does the doctrine of the S'abala Brahman represent my own interpretation of the Samkara Vedanta without an explanatory and re-interpretative note, which I cannot very well add here. I can only refer the reader who feels interested in the problem to the pages of the Siddhantales'a of Appayya Dikshita and to the Bhamati and Kalpataru on Br. Sutra II 1.27 and to Brahmavidyabharana on the Sutra. " AtmakRteH pariNAmAt " - I. 426.

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Presidential Address (1) The new is not simply the old, it is the old and something more. (2) And yet there is no insertion ab extra. Now in regard to this one may well ask: Where does "the something more' come from, if it is not to come ab extra? And since insertion ab extra is impossible, 'the something more' of the new must be supposed to be originally latent in the old. So says the Samkhya, and the Parinamavadin Vedantin. Yet in so far as the old is not the new but something less, we are faced with the antinomy that the new is at once old and new. How is this antinomy to be resolved? It is to be recognized as such says the Vivartavadin. The Jaina argues that the compresence of opposites is a fact, and consequently there is no antinomy. The Vivartavadin would answer: the resulting antinomy-the anirvacaniyata or logical contradiction involved in the nature of the new is also a fact, and requires to be similarly recognized. Appyling this to the problem in hand, the deity cannot be treated as a quality which is evolved out of SpaceTime without being in Space-Time ab initio. Alexander's philosophy of God is a curious recast of the Play of Hamlet which opening with the ghost-scene of Space-Time has the entry of the Prince of Denmark-the deity-postponed till the end of the Act, or rather, thrown into the epilogue, and there too, to appear not as a person or super-person but as a quality! In truth, if we are to understand rightly the principle of Evolution, the first letter should be read with the last, as in the sphota theory of Indian philosophy, that is to say, the whole creation should 816

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Presidential Address 817 be interpreted in the light of the ' divine event'to which it moves. The divine Activity, of which emergent evolution is the expression, will then appear not as an "alien influx into nature" from without, but as omnipresent and manifested in every one of the multitudinous entities within the pyramid, or to use an Indian metaphor, in the everflowing Ganga of Evolution-which springs from the foot-just a single limb-of the Great Vishnu. IV A third scientist philosopher who attracts our attention at the present day is Bergson. He represents the transition from Science to Philosophy. Unlike some of his British comrades who wish to carry Science into Philosophy, this French scientist has reversed the process, and has introduced fundamental changes both in the assumptions and in the details of Science. In modification of the Darwinian theory of Evolution he points out that adaptation to environments does not explain all the facts of evolution ; moreover, the Darwinian theory though partially successful in explaining the direction of evolution, fails altogether to explain the fact of evolution itself. He thus arrives at a metaphysical conception of life, whose forms science may investigate, but whose existence and nature are within the province of Philosophy. Bergson posits a kind of vital surge at the heart of the Universe, not controlled or guided by any external mind or will, but free and undetermined. It is a force which is comparable in some respects to the Prakrti of the Samkhya which possesses Kriya-Sakti but not Dik-sakti. This 103

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818 Presidential Address elan vital is Life itself. To the objection that the hypothesis of the 'vital principle' as distinguished from physical energy explains nothing, Bergson makes an ingenious reply: ""the vital principle' may indeed not explain much, he says, but it is at least a sort of label affixed to our ignorance, so as to remind us of this occasionally, while mechanism invites us to ignore the ignorance. Unlike the older vital principle, however, Bergson's elan vital is a concrete and not an abstract principle. The essential difference between the mechanistic and the vitalistic view of Reality according to Bergson consists in this that while the former is barren or reduplicative, the latter is creative. This doctrine of 'Creative Evolution,' which is the same as what is called by some 'emergent evolution,' is a fundamental contribution of Bergson's to modern philosophy. }, Another doctrine of Bergson's which displays greater originality and hard thinking on the part of its author is his philosophy of Time, Change, and Duration. He distinguishes between mathematical Time (the ordinary meaning of the word) and the Time which is Duration. The latter is the e'lan vital or Life itself. Duration is no doubt persistence, but Bergson's "Life" is what is known as in that peculiar sense in which the word is employed several times in the Bhagavadgita, and which seems to have the sense in which it was understood even in the Upanishads by the Samkhya. The origin of this sense lies in the fact that derived from the root bRddU (a secondary root traceable to vRc to grow,) brahman came to mean the immanent principle which made for the growth of the Universe, *

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Presidential Address 819 it is also change. We endure not inspite of change but owing to change. This doctrine of change is essentially connected with that of creative evolution. Bergson says: "The unit erse endures. The more we study the nature of time, the more we shall comprehend that duration means inyention, the creation of forms, the continual elaboration of the absolutely new." It will be thus observed that Bergson's emphasis is more upon the dynamic than upon the static element in Reality. Lastly, let us hear Bergson on the problem of man's relation with Life and the possibility of his progress. He says: "From our point of view life appears in its entirety as an immense wave, which starting from a centre, spreads outwards, and which on almost the whole of its circumference is stopped and converted into oscillation," (This is Bergson's explanation of the origin of Matter ), "at one single point the obstacle has been forced, the impulsion has passed freely. It is this freedom that the human form registers. Everywhere but in man, consciousness has had to come to a stand; in man, alone it has kept on its way." "Philosophy introduces us thus into the spiritual life. And it shows us at the same time the relation of the life of the spirit to that of the body." Then in pointing out the fundamental error of popular ideas of God and his Heaven, he continues: " The Great error of the doctrines on the spirit has been the idea that by isolating the spiritual life from all the rest, by suspending it in space as high as possible above the earth, they were placing it beyond attack, as if they are not thereby simply exposing it to be taken as an effect of a mirage."

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820 Presidential Address What I have already said in connection with 'emergent evolution' applies to Bergson's 'creative' evolution also, since the two are one. In my humble opinion, its logic is halting for no attempt is made to analyse the meanings of 'creative' and 'evolution', and put them together, and thus disclose the antinomy of the causal relation which it involves. Another defect of Bergson's explanation of the origination of matter from life has been pointed out by an Italian critic and the criticism goes to the very root of Bergson's Philosophy. Matter according to Bergson, is an interruption of the vital current, a negation inserted into the continuity of evolution, a solidification of life. Here asks the critic:-" But how is this arrest of the vital curient, this lapse into stagnation, explicable ? Life, as Bergson conceives it, if left, so to speak, to itself, ought to progress eternally; if it bends back and is deflected, it does so because some thing obstructs it. Thus life, which in its movement ought to create matter, itself pre-supposes an obstacle in the shape of matter. This is the enormous vicious circle in which the Bergsonian metaphysic revolves." And as the ground of this vicious circle the critic points out: "It is because he regards life as nature, not as consciousness". The home of the Philosophy of consciousness as the only Reality is Italy at the present day, and the two of its leading lights are Croce and Gentile. By them the scientific approach to Philosophy is unhesitatingly, almost uncermoniously, discarded. Croce's Philosophy which starts apparently as a criticism of Hegel is

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Presidential Address 821 really its re-interpretation. The so called 'bloodless categories' of the old idealism of Kant and Hegel did not satisfy the full-blooded European very long, and complaints soon began to be heard that Hegel's philosophy besides being false to facts was too abstract to serve as 'human nature's daily food.' This gave rise to attacks from within as well as from without, creating numerous forms of Idealism and Realism. Croce's work has covered many branches of Philosophy including Art, but the problem with which we are concerned in the present review is the problem of knowledge and Reality. According to Croce, there are no objects of sense and no independent sense data outside the mind: which thus becomes the all inclusive and the only reality ; in this sense the rational is real and the real rational: in the language of Vedanta Ea and faa are one. A logical corollary of this proposition is the identity of Philosophy and * sA tatra dadRze vizvaM jagat sthAsnu ca khaM dizaH sAdridvIpAbdhibhUgolaM savAyvanIndutArakam / jyotizcakraM jalaM teno nabhasvAn viyadeva ca vaikArikANIndriyANi mano mAtrA guNAtrayaH // The leader of the Bhagavat will semember how Balarama complained to mother Yasoda that Krsna had eaten claywhereupon mother asked Kyshna if it was so Krshna denied the charge, and when asked to open his mouth, he opened it. And what did she see? The whole universe, animale and inanimate! The suggestion is plain. This phenomenal world is not introduced into the noumenal-object into consciousness--as an element from without, it is alieady in the noumenal, the object is in the consciousness

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822 Presidential Address History not in the sense that History is a revelation of the movement of Thought, but in a more startling sense that Philosophy creates History, that is thought creates its own data in the shape of intuitions and expression of intuition viz., images. Similarly, conceptual thinking universalizes what is presented in intuition, so that experience consists of the unity of two distincts viz, intuition and concept. Now the criticism to which Croce's theory stands exposed is just the one which is often levelled against the Mayavada of samkara. "If it is a unity it cannot generate from within itself distinctions which are as real as the unity, while if the distinctions are not generated but given to begin with then mind is not and never was a unity. This is the dilemma of Sabala Brahman and Suddha Brahman which samkara Vadantin is often called upon to meet. "Gentile, Croce's disciple and vartikakara (sympathetic critic) starts with a mind which is a complete unity, retains the unity throughout, and from unity extracts whatever multiplicity there is. "This corresponds to the position of ajativada in the body of Sainkara Vedanta, with one important difference that mind in Gentile's theory is not a fact but a pure act. Joad in subjecting the Neo-Idealism of the Italian school to criticism mentions two weak points. First that in the Italian Neo-Idealism there is no passage from immediate experience to universal experience. The older Hegelian school regarded universal experience as immanent in each immediate, that is, individual experience. The Italian Neo-Idealist admits only immediate experience which according to him generates all that

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Presidential Address 823 is. This is what is known as the school of feareale as distinguished from that of Free fears in Samkara Vedanta. It is possible to attempt a reconciliation of the two schools in the light of the fact that the are in the former is understood to be the dRSTi of mahAjIva, the dreaming cosmic soul. But in the Italian NeoIdealism the immediate experience is the immediate experience of the individual. The second objection to Neo-Idealism is thus expressed by Mr. Joad: "Diversity and plurality can develop out of unity in virtue of some initial potentiality for diversity latent in the unity. But if the unity contains the possibility of developed difference, it is not really a unity. If, on the other hand, we attempt to write off the appearance of difference as mere illusion due to partial vision, the difficulty remains, for the task of making a real unity generate an apparent diversity is not less than that of accounting for the generation of a real diversity. Unity can in fact no more account for error than for diversity." The passage reads like a paragraph in translation of an old Indian work written to criticise the Advaitavada of Samkaracarya and I have quoted the very words of Mr. Joad to bring out the parallel effectively. Again, Gentile holds that "when the mind is historicized it is changed into a natural entity, when its spiritual value only is kept in view it is withdrawn from history and stands before us in its eternal ideality." Let me reproduce from another writer a summary of Gentile's answer to the objection that his theory of the relation of thought to reality ends in solipsism : raking vision, clifference

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824 Presidential Address "Am I then the creator of the universe ? Is each of us the creator not merely of his world but of the universe ? To answer this question we must discriminate between the mere subject, the empirical ego or self, which if just the ordinary individual with a body, clothes, names, friends, social relations, the man that is distinct from other men and begins and ends in time, on the one hand and Spirit or the Subject or the Transcendental Ego on the other. Obviously the mere individual (myself as a mere ego among many others) is just only an object, a part of nature. But in so far as I know myself as an individual among many others, I am already something deeper than the self I know myself to be. My deeper ego is not the one I can describe and define, but it is my very describing and defining activity, the subject which never can be object just because it is the very condition of my thinking of objects at all; it is just this my thinking of objects. I can distinguish myself from others only by transcending myself and others, thus embracing within my unity all the differentiating particularities, which consequently appear to be mere objects like all other things and events. Similarly I can only be aware of changes in myself and in others if I am already something outside such changes, beyond time and space, above all distinctions of here and there, before and after. Our empirical personalities are real only as rooted in and unified by the Transcendental Ego, the Spirit, the Person that knows no plural." The distinction here drawn between Empirical ego and Transcendental ego has been long known

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Presidential Address 825 in Europe, but in India it is much older still, being well known in the schools of Sankara Vedanta as a distinction between Atman as fg and Atman as 57, between the pariNAmin aham and the kUTastha Atman. In the light of this distinction, the charge of solipsism which has been laid against Gentile's philosophy seems unjustified. I will quote one more passage even at the risk of wearing you with quotations, to show how Indian Philosophy would feel at home even in other lands. Discussing the problem of Immortality in that remarkable work of Italian NeoIdealism, "the Theory of Mind as Pure Act", Gentile writes : "The conclusion is that if we think of ourselves empirically as in time, we naturalize ourselves and imprison ourselves within definite limits, birth and death, outside of which our personality cannot but seem annihilated. But this personality through which we enter into the world of the manifold and of natural individuals, in the Aristotelian meaning, is rooted in a higher personality in which alone it is real. This higher personality contains the lower and all other empirical personalities, and as this higher personality is not unfolded in space and time we cannot say that it is before the birth and after the death of the lower, because "before" and "after" applied to it would cause it to fall from the one to the many and by destroying it as the one we should thereby also destroy the manifold. But this personality is outside every "before and after". Its being is in the eternal, opposed to time, which it makes to be. This eternity, however, does not transcend time in the meaning that it stands 10

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Presidential Address outside time as one reality is outside another. It is not clear, then, that the eternity of mind is the mortality of nature, because what is indefinite from the standpoint of the many is infinite from the standpoint of the one. Life, the mind's reality, is in experience (in nature, the experience of which is consciousness). But it lives within nature without being absorbed in it, and without ever itself becoming it; moreover, it always keeps its own infinity or unity, without which even nature with its multiplicity, that is, with space and time, would be dissolved. " And his conclusion is "The part of us and of those dearest which dies is a materiality which has never lived." How much of this is the Bhagavadgita! One word about cousciousness as "act." Unless the word "act" is used in a sense which makes it indistinguishable from "being," I wonder if " act is not the empirical aspect of "being" which is the transcendental"; or, perhaps, both of them are aspects of the same Reality, empirical and transcendental respectively. "" The philosophy of Italy is not all Neo-Idealism. The human mind instinctively, may be rightly or wrongly or under a misapprehension of what is being done, refuses to be wiped out of reality or be made lonely, or be deprived of its dwelling house and its furniture. As has been observed, Hegelianism has never lacked strenuous opponents even in the days of its triumph. And we have consequently some exponents and advocates of the claims of science. of spiritual Realism, Pluralism and Theism such as Aliotta and Varisco. But unfortunately we have no space for reviewing them. 826

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Presidential Address ' 827 Let us now try to gather up our impressions of the present-day thought in regard to the problem of Reality and the connected problem of the theory of knowledge. They are that 1 Materialism in the old sense is dead. 2 So is the commonsense Realism of a former age. 3 Modern Realism is inclining towards Idealism and is sometimes passing into it almost unconsciously. 4 The concrete is preferred to the abstract and the dynamic to the static. VI The scientific approach to philosophy which has been datailed in the preceding paragraphs has received many protests, checks, modifications and even complete reversal in certain other schools. In England is heard the voice of Humanism through such masters as Balfour, Haldane and Schiller in varying degrees and forms. "Behind all philosophy lies human nature, and in every philosopher there lurks a man."- is the keynote of this movement. It rejects the universalism and abstractions of Science whose highest ambition is to "depersonalise and dehumanise itself". It refuses to deify as well as to materialise man. To it, the Absolute is negatrshnika. The greatest historical representative of this point of view in the ancient world who made man higher than gods and denounced all seeking after the Absolute, was Gautama Buddha. But his Humanism originated in the riddle of suffering, and ended in asceticism, while the modern Humanist prefers, to enrich life with all goods, and no philosophy or religion would satisfy him "which did not

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Presidential Address sustain in every essential part the full circle of human interests". He says: "Let us cry 'All good things Are ours' nor soul helps flesh more now Than flesh helps soul." Again to the ancient Humanist, Individuality just like the Absolute was an unreality and a snare, while to the modern it is the very breath of his existence. He believes in the Relative as aganist the Absolute, and whatever is individual and unique-in Art, Literature, Science and Philosophy-is the ultimate Truth and the ultimate Good of modern Humanism. VII 828 Another distinguishing feature of contemporary thought is the emphasis which it places upon the principle of Solidarity or Wholeness-the 'Krtsna' of the Bhagavadgita. Although particularists or believers in discrete entities both in the world of Science and of Philosophy are not wanting-thus the doctrines of Leibnitzian monads has been revived in some circles and Plurlism is also receiving some countenancethe main body of opinion inclines towards the view that the world is one organic whole, in which the whole is prior to the parts. Among others, Bergson in France, Losky in Russia, and General Smuts in South Africa have laid stress on this aspect. The idea cannot be said to be altogether new in philosophy, but its application to the problems of the day in Psychology, Ethics, Politics, Sociology and Economics is of comparatively recent date. The doctrine of "Group Mind" despite its criticism by distinguished psychologists owing to misapprehension of its true

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Presidential Address : 829 nature holds the field. We have transcended the moral atomism of Kant and Mill's philosophy of the greatest number, and have learnt to base Ethics not entirely upon a study of the individual but also upon that of man in organic relation with society, state, world-state and even the "Kingdom of God". It would seem as if the ancient doctrine of citizenship of the "Kingdom of God," of the solidarity of all life in Narayana or Purusha was going to return as the ruling principle of ethics, sociology and politics. It should be borne in mind that this whole is not a blank negation without parts; the whole in the parts, that is, one in the famous Purusha Sukta which speaks of the four classes of society as limbs of the Purushax; similarly, the Bhagavadgita uses the collective noun 'caturvarnya' (and not 'catvaro varnah') to indicate the unity of society in the plurality of the classes In Politics the rights of the whole have so completely overshadowed those of the individual composing it prin chorne in notit parts puru * The locus classicus of the four varnas-Brahmana, Rajanya, Vais'ya, and Sudra--which occurs in the Purusha Sukta is sometimes cited as the Vedic authority for the four castes. Interpieted according to the principles of Mimamsa, the passage is not a urdhi but only an anuvada of the four divisions, the vidhi being the unity of the four. A vidhi conveys something new; anuvada reiterates what is already known from another source; and it is the vidhi that should count as an independent praman. The four Varnas had arisen as a result of economic forces and is a fact of nature Sruti just takes note of this fact, but the new truth which it declares is that they are parts of one stupendous whole-the social organism, the social expression of the Purusa who is the subject matter (the devata) of the sukta.

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830 Presidential Address as to amount to a veritable danger to civilization. In the same way, the old economics based upon the lights of individuals is becoming a dead letter and is steadily being replaced by socialism. Moreover, the very boundaries of these as well as of physical sciences are now running into one another, so that to-day we see a great many scientists doing their work of research on the frontiers of the different sciences. VIII Another marked tendency of contemporary philosophy noticeable in some quarters is what may be called anti-intellectualism or anti-rationalism. While there is little real justification for regarding the teachings of the Upanishads, of Samkara Vedanta, of Socrates, of Spinoza, of Hegel and the NeoHegelians as intellectualism in the narrow sense of the word, the use of the word Jnana in the first, and of 'reason,' 'intellect,' and 'idea' in the rest, has given rise to this misapprehension. In the church history of Christianity anti-intellectualism has originated a movement well-known as Fundamentalism which places unquestioning faith in certain dogmas of the Christian Faith and refuses to rationalise them on the ground that it leads intellectual confusion and takes Christianity off its moorings. In Philosophy the anti-intellectualist or alogistic atitude, as it may be comprehensively called, has expressed itself in two forms, Activism and Mysticism. Prominent representatives of anti-intellectualism are James, Bergson, Olle Laprune and Blondel. James made the will to believe and to act the central principles of his

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Presidential Address 831 philosophy. Bergson regarded life as the true reality, and intuition the true method of knowing it, intellect being relegated to a later and inferior stage in the order of evolution. "To phenomenalism" says Olle Laprune, " I oppose what ? Not the idea, but that which everyone in his inner consciousness and apperception can point to as the deepest, the most permanent, most continuous principle of all diversity; the act." Blondel, too, applying the principle to religious life says : "At the very moment in which we seem to be grasping God by a stroke of thought, He eludes us unless we embody Him in actionWhenever we stand still, He is not; whenever we hasten ourselves, He exists." With a similar perception of man's religious needs and his true nature, and also of the nature of Reality, the ancient Mimamsakas regarded the mandates of the Brahmanas (the second stage in the evolution of the Vedic religious literature known by that name) as the central in the doctrines of 'niyoga and Kriyarthavada', that is, Religion is Act and not Fact. The religion of the Bhagavadgita is a marvelous synthesis of thought, will (act) and emotion, but at the centre of the three ( neither as the root nor as the fruit) it places the will to act, since it is the common Man--the Nara-Arjuna of the Mahabharata and the Puranas-to whom is addressed the great Sermon. The modern man, crushed beneath the burden of knowledge which is hourly growing, and with which his moral life finds it difficult to keep pace, exclaims: "Knowledge we ask not-knowledge thou hast lent, But, Lord, the will--there lies our bitter need,

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832 Presidential Address Give us to build above the deep intent. The deed, the deed." ww The philosophical justification for this cry lies in the truth which is expressed by Carlyle in his own quaint manner in a sublime passage of his prose epic of the French Revolution where he says: the Universe is an infinite conjugation of the verb ' to do." .. (C One more type of anti-intellectualism which particularly deserves to be noticed because of the Indian parallels which it suggests is that represented by Bergson in his doctrine of Intution which he distinguishes from Intellect. For our ordinary business of life we rely upon Intellect, but for direct touch with Reality we have to look for Intuition. Our awareness of personal existence is intuition, but our study of the ego as an object of thought can be done only by intellect. "Thus there are two ways of knowing a thing," says Bergson: in one we move round a thing, in the other we enter into it which is a kind of intellectual sympathy by which one places oneself within an object, in order to coincide with what is unique in it and consequently inexpressible. The first provides symbols and points of view, but not the Reality itself, one is what the Indian philosopher would call savikalpaka jJAna, the other nirvikalpaka sAkSAtkAra or aparokSAnubhUti. How the former fails to grasp Reality Bergson shows by interesting analogies: Were all the photographs of a town", he says, taken from all possible points of view to go on indefinitely completing one another, they would never be equivalent to the solid town in which we walk about. Were all the translations of a poem into all ("

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Presidential Address 833 possible languages to add together their various shades of meaning and, correcting each other by a kind of mutual retouching, to give a more and more faithful image of the poem they translate, they would yet never succeed in rendering the inner meaning of the original". It is thus that the Upanishads describe Brahman or Atman through its various expressions or aspects such as earth, water, fire etc, and having first affirmed their identity with them they proceed to deny it by the formula of afa afa. " 19 As to how this intuition can be communicated, Bergson uses language which is reminiscent of that of Samkara's philosophy in regard to the duty of a guru: Here the single aim of the philosopher says Bergson should be to promote a certain effort, which in most men is usually fettered by habits of mind more useful to life. Now the image has at least this advantage, that it keeps us in the concrete. No image can replace the intuition of duration, but many diverse images, borrowed from very different orders of things, may, by the conveyance of their action direct consciousness to the precise point where there is a certain intuition to be seized." "t " Longm Lastly, one more form of the alogistic attitude which is mysticism although it is as old as the human mind has of late been particularly fostered by the recent discoveries of Science. The new science has enlarged as well as deepened our conception of Reality. It has furnished scientific proofs of the limits of the human mind, and has purified religion by de-anthropomorphising its ideas of God. The closed circle in which Reality was confined by some philo105

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834 Presidential Address sophers and theologians of the West has been opened up on all sides, and today we almost literally realise scientific truth of the passage of the Bhagavata which declares that innumerable solar systems fill each hair of the body of Vishnu-the all-pervading One. It may be mentioned in this connection that in India God was never supposed to be co-extensive with Reality as conceived by the human mind, and in that senseif that be the sense of the word--it has never deserved the name " Pantheism". That "God transcends all Being after encompassing it all round,"* that "All creatures are but a quarter of God, the other three quarters which are immortality being in heaven " + are old Vedic texts. The author of the Bhagavata has clothed their truth in a figure of wonderful poetic beauty in the story of Damodaralila. 1 He relates how Yasoda failed to tie Krshna with a rope, every rope which she tried falling short by an inch, till at last she gave up the futile attempt and stood wondering before her child. To take off the metaphors: + sa bhUmi vizvato vRtvA'tyatiSThadazAGgalam + pAdo'sya vizvA bhUtAni tripAdasyAmRtaM divi / na cAntana bahiryasya na pUrva nApi cAparam / pUrvAparaM bahizcAntarjagato yo jagaJca yH|| taM matvAtmajamavyaktaM martya liGgamadhokSajam / . gopikolUkhale dAmnA babandha prAkRtaM yathA // tahAsa vadhyamAnasya svAmakasya kRtAgasaH / vyaGagulonamabhUttana saMdadhe'nyacca gopikaa|| yadA sIttadapi nyUnaM tenAnyadapi saMdadhe / tadapi dvayaGgulaM nyUnaM yadhadAdatta bandhanam / / evaM svagehadAmAni yazodA sNddhtypi| gopInAM susmayantInAM smayantI vismitA bhavat // bhAgavata //

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"Presidential Address 835 Philosophy begins in the attempt to limit the limitless, and ends in wonder The human mind imagines that God is its creature SS whom it can subject to its discipline. With its little systems it tries to compre. hend him, but all its attempts fail one after another, leaving behind just a state of reverential wonder and humble conclusion that " Thou, O Lord, art more than they." This is the ground and essence of mysticism. It is beyond our purpose to review all the forms of this attitude, but two of these may be noted as furnishing an interesting contrast. Years ago Tennyson pictured the human soul as " An infant crying in the night An infant crying for the light, And with no language but a cry." To-day, Drinkwater prays with divine content: " Lord, not for light in darkness do we pray, Not that the veil be lifted from our eyes, Not that the slow ascension of our day Be otherwise. Not for a clearer vision of the things Whereof the fashioning shall make us great, Not for remission of the peril and stings Of time and fate. Not for a fuller knowledge of the end Whereto we travel bruised yet unafraid, Not that the little healing that we lend Shall be repaid. f" God, since his deity is a part of the Universe, is in it is in the strictest sense not a creator but a creature".--Alexander,

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$36. Presidential Address Not these, O Lord, We would not break the bars Thy wisdom sets about us; we shall climb Unfettered to the secrets of the stars In thy good time." IX But the general attiude of the modern mind, towards the great problems of Reality is neither one of impotent cry nor of patient resignation. It does not believe, as Comte believed, that Metaphysics is building castles in the air and then bombarding them; nor that Truth is thickly enveloped in impenetrable gloom, and all that is given to man is to cry for the light without any hope of finding it. Nor is it satisfied to sit at the gates of the castle and await the hour when the Lord of the castle will open the gates. It believes in its own effort and enjoys it. It is not crushed "with the weight of all this unintelligible world. " " For better or for worse " says a modern writer, "we are caught in the grip of an immitigable will to know, a will to know which claims for its province the human soul and its limits, the entire range of its hitherto acquired experiences, the entire history of soul and its still unexhausted possibilities." Even while contemplating immensity of Time and Space a scientist like Bertrand Russell feels that "there is no need to think of ourselves as powerless and small in the grip of vast cosmic forces. All measurement is conventional, and it would be possible to devise a perfectly serviceable system of measurement according to which man would be larger than the sun". Has not such a system of measurement

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Presidential Address 837 been devised or rather found already ? Has not man secured a point of view which reverses their relative proportion altogether ? "Love, beauty, knowledge, and joy of life: these things retain their lustre however wide our purview." says Russell. Will he inquire why? His own finding is : Because " they have value on their own account." It is significant and gratifying that the modern scientist acknowledges that there is a world of values as well as of scientific facts. But just as scientific facts would be a hopeless jumble in the absence of a principle of unity, so would be the world of values, without a single principle of value underlying and overlaying all. Nothing has value on its own account, everything has value on account of Atman the Supreme Self, says the Upanishad. Ladies aud gentlemen, there are a few more movements which I should have liked to touch upon, namely, those of Bahaviourism, Pragmatism, Modernism, the theory of Valuation. But I feel that my notices of some of those which I have already dealt with have been very cursory, and I think, I should not make myself guilty of any more discourtesies. Simi. larly, much as I had wished to include some of the German and American figures in my review, I have had to omit them for want of room on my canvas. In this arena of modern thought with its numberless " fighting Zones " and groups of co-operating minds, India has a great part to play. She possesses a continuous history of more than three thousand years of deep philosophic thought and religious experience. This great inheritance has been often visualized as

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838 Presidential Address a rich treasure which requires to be fully unearthed and placed before the world. As an humble worker in the mine, I would be the last person to deny the value of this kind of service. But I realise that the duty of the Indian Professor does not end there. He has to be not only a miner, but what is not less, he has to be a trader to carry the goods to the world's markets. I would change this sordid metaphor, and go further and say that he has to tranform dead matter into living thought in his own country before he takes it to other lands. When philosophic thought in India will become live, it will have features which will be definitely Indian. As Bosanquet said, agreeing with Wallace, "philosophy being, like language, art and poetry, a product of the whole man, is a thing which would forfeit some of its essence if it were to lose its national quality.' Let me not be misunderstood. While stressing the necessity of making it Indian I would repeat what I said at Benares that it should not cease to be human. To think otherwise is not nationalism, but national solipsism. fa: fa: zufta: ,,

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sUci o.

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Page #896
grantha ane granthakArenI sUci [ granthakAranAM nAmone pahelo akSara jADe karyo che ane granthanAM nAmanI AsapAsa ekavaDAM avataraNucihno karelAM che zabdanI pRSThasaMkhyA pUrI thaye - AvuM cihna Ave to ene artha e che ke e zabda aMgrejI-gujarAtI banne sUcimAM che.] akha: 207, 216, 357 419, 409, para2, 582, 650, ane bhaTTa : 396, 39 739- aparokSAnubhUti': 375, 384, 656 kArbAIla : 27, 279, 540 aSTAdazalakIgItA' : 68-82 kAlidAsa : 207, 457, 698 AInasTAInaH 161, 162, 165, kaeNtaH 34, 132, 75- kITsa : 510 Anandagiri : 382, 755 "kenepaniSadu" : 30 uttararAmacarita': 23, 242 kevina : 154, 490, 403 494, 497 udAnasutta': 744 gAMdhIjI . 532, 534, 535, 537, 609, 631, 239 upaniSadu: 25, 57, 279, 361, gItArahasya : 531 366, 399, 406, 420, 448, geTeDa 478- pa29, 535, 570, 606, 611, gotama nyAyasUtra": 08 646, 654-193, 704, 718, gauDapAdAcArya : 365 S19, 729, 758, 759 jIvanamuktiviveka' : 43, 344 jhAda' : 29, 561, 591, 718, jemsa pIla : 561- 730, 755, 0 "saMhitA" 27, jena TuarTa mila : 132 107, 197, 535, 653, 654, TAIrasa': 490 678, 681, 190, 719, 757, TiLaka H 336, 531, 532 758 e. I. Telara: 569 Tenisana : 18, 29, 30, 153, 257, erisToTala : 24, 48, 399, para2 265, 275, 47, 735 etareya brAhmaNa": 27, 668, 190 ThAkara, nArAyaNa giradhara : 386, 387 mana : 199, 502, 503, pa04, 400, 401, 410 797, 505 hAvina : 62, 159, 256, 484 Alivara lejaH 475, 498 495, 496, 405 kaThopaniSadu: 37, 678, 730, 756 DIna igaH 24- kapilamuni : 37, 392, 395, 401, DekorTa: 127-131, 582 406, 420, 416, 419, 420, tavasamAsa': 403 645, 647 tattvArthAdhigamasUtra": 746 kalpataruparimala" : 369, 373. tarkasaMgraha-dIpikA": 396 kAnTa : 24, 34, 91, 130, 131, tulasIdAsa. 15, 98, 603, 616, 703 133, 153, 305, 306, 400 | taitirIya upaniSada : 8 106

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842 ApaNo dharma chelsa: 126, 127, 398 28, 30, 31, 37, 14, 68, 19, ghAsagupta : 52 -521- 83, 93, 96, 97, 98, 12, dhammapada": para3, 325 105, 111, 114, 15, 198, dharmAnanda kebIH pa23, 5ra4 201, 224, 227, 363, 367, narasiMha mahetA : 207, 214, 65ra 379, 383, 412, 441, para7, narasiMharAva: 168, 169, 170, 528, 531, 532, 533, 534, 175, 176, 180, 186-191, 537, 539, 561, 601, 637, 675, 731, 737, 795, 898- nAITa, pro : 261 bhavabhUtiH 23, 242, 725, 728 nArAyaNa caMdAvarakara, sara : 56-57, bhAgavata, zrImadu': 12, 150, 167, 515-519 216, 237, ra31, 358, papa9, hAnAlAla cImanalAla mahetA : 539- 464, 470, 506, 516, 661, 541, 543 677, 680, 706, 728, 750, pataMjali : 118,418, 647 752, 755, 7pa7, 758- parAzaramuni : 407 bhADArakara, hai : 338, 436, 437 paracuraH 154 "bhAmatI' : 369 prasthAnabheda": 394 maNilAla H 2939,68, 433,434, paTeH 48, 126, 127, 145, 207, 442, 443, 605, 742 281, 399, 476, 6para madhusUdana sarasvatI : 132, 380, 383, phosta : 131, 132 385, 395, 397, 760- na zreDara : 546 manISApaMcaka: 465, 464, 661 pheDarika haeNrisana : 143 manuMH 447, 455, 456, 458,466, aMkimacandraH 7pa1-7para 468, 613, 691, 193, 684 "bAIbala" : 577, 713- mahAbhArata': 12, 155, 180, 182, AdarAyaNa : 395 183, 185, 200, 265, 266, bArkalI: 129, 131- 401, 414, 450, 452, 454, AlazAstrI : paMDita : 402, 418 465, 504, 510, 512, 532, bAlabhaTTI : 458 534, 535, 544, 545, 548, bahadAraNya upani: 350,461,766 549, 550, 552, 578, 587, ahaspati : 455 628, 695, 696, 7-5, 753, ekana : 129 754, 756 mArTina, 3: 127, 213 vodhAyana : 499 mAlatImAdhava: 198 dAcana : 454 juo vIdhA. mImAMsA' : 139,150,384 juo pUrva brahmajAlasutta': papa4 muMDaka, upaniSadu': 15, 755 brahmasUtra' : 21 brahmasUtrabhASya : 412- cekaDonala, proH 547, 148 brahmAnanda svAmI : 310 meksamUlaraH 27, 330, 402, 403, brAuniMga : 150 404, 52 - bhagavadgItA, zrImaddaH 13,15,21, 26, " saMkula, kalArka: 497

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grantha ane prakAranI sUci 243 meghadata': 689 medhAtithi : 462 yAskaH 264, 330-333, 406 cITsa : 24- yogavAsiSTha rAmAyaNa: 268, 579 ramaNabhAI, rA. bA. : 168, 632 ravIndranAtha TAgora, hai : 606, 108, 609, 112 raskina : 476 rAdhAkRSNa, sara sarvapalIH 632- rAnaDe, maharSiH 432, 436, 560, 566, 632 rAmAyaNa": 12, 460, 469, 595, 596 116 328re laMkesTara, pri.: 497 lAMkaH 1ra9-131 varDajhavarthaH 21, 105, 207, 515, 516. vallabhAcArya : 307, 431, 630, 661, 663, 664- vasaMta gagAdhara reLe, Da: para1, para7, 530 vAjasanebriAhmaNapaniSadu:19,427 vAlajIbhAI : 549 vAlmIkiH 170, 595, 597 vijJAnabhikSu : 392, 396, 397, 403, 420, 412, 416- vidyAraNya muniH 43, 344, 382, 385, 652, 754, 757 "vivekacUDAmaNi : 31 vizvarUpAcArya : 121 vedI: 6, 11, 16, 167, 214, 329-337, 361, 646, 653, 654, 676-678, 681, 704, 705, 715, 716, 753- vedAntasAra: 343 vedAntasUtra': 384, 407 649, 656 velsaH 461, 540, 641 volTara : 258 vyAsaH 20, 500, 548, 18, 55, 628, 705, 750 zaMkarAcArya : 20, 31, 1ra7, 134, 135, 228, 253, 257, 271, 288, 307, 343, 375, 377, 378, 379, 381, 395, 400, 402, 431, 462, 521, 529, 531, 534, 538, 630, 645, 648-650, 656, 659, 661, 662, 663, 672- "zArIraka bhASya': 649 zAMkarabhASya : 382 zekasapIcara : 215, 628, 734 : zrI bhAgya': 406 vetAzvatara upaniSadu': 755 satIzacandra, mahAmahepAdhyAya : 408 sadAnanda : 343 sarvadarzanasaMgraha' : 402 "sAdhanapaMcaka: 660 sAyaNAcArya : 27, 330, 331"sAyakarikA': 402 sAkhyatavasamAsa': 411. "sAkhyapravacanabhAgya' : 392 sUtrakRtAga": 552-555 rasakreTIsa : 145, 217,346, 398, - 52 spinejhA * 128, 131, 217- pensara, harbarTa: 301,405, 419, 483, 717"smRticindrikA 613 hakustI, AlDasaH 63 - harivaMza': 407, 76, 750, 756 haMkala, pra : 155, 45, 476, 478 480, 481, 482, 484, 487 hegala : 132-134, pa00-521- zrema : 130-132, 399, 706

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zabdasUci fmAtra agatyanA zabdo ApyA che. zabdanI pRSThasaMkhyA pUrI thaye - AvuM cihna Ave to ene artha e che ke e zabda aMgrejI ane gujarAtI bane sUcimAM che.] akSara : 147 aparA : 156, 157, 253 agnihotra : 669 apakSa : 41, 218, 232,345, 322 ayyata : 81 abhimAna : 98, 364 aja : 699 abheda : 39, 62-67, 115, 125 135, 147, 220, 222-224, Aja : 699 ajJAna : 29, 85, 94, 281, 367 333, 361, 681- apheya : 127, 129, 301, 717; alpapagamavAdaH 415-16 0 tAvAdaH 133, 298, 299 amRta: 245, 359, 360; tattva : advaita H 114, 131-134, 146-149, 229-236, 244, 359 232, 233, 252, 366, 432, arjuna : 86, 89, 96, 526, 534, 435, 476, 604, 735, 737 pa35, 588, 599, 640, 654, 0 prakRtivAdaH 483;0 brahmavAda-dIH 720, 721, 722, 730, 731, 64, 77, 81, 97, 98, 114, 733, 734, 737, 754, 755, 127, 130, 131, 308, 338, 756- 358, 362, 363; 7 vAdI : 75, artha : 48-54, 58 pa31; 0 siddhAnta : 112, 113- avachedavAda: 308, 782 adhikAraH 62-67, 70, 78, 84, avatAra: 13, 196, 500, 535, 95, 106, 228, 399, 428, 679, 680, 723, 755 429, 534, 731; 0 bheda 7, 84; avasthAvAda: 307 0 vyavasthA 664; 0 sAmagrI :660 avasthitivAda: 307 adhiSThAna H 127; 1 padArthavAdaH 481, avidyA : 115, 199, 261, 296787 300, 366 anAtmadaSTi : 611 azvattha : 528, 529 anAsakti H 537,639; yoga : pa31 asahayoga : 606, 607 539, 636-640 asura : 26, 264, 605 anIti : 708 asUyA : 120 anIzvaravAda: 109, 110,146; vAdI ahaMkAra : 319, 752 0 tA : 28, 650 105; buddhi 697; 0 bhAva: 658 anekadevavAdaH 336 ahiMsA: 351, 537, 607, 668, antaryAmI : 589 684-703, 744, 745 atyaja: 457,459; juo harijana | AcArya : 663-665

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zabdasaci 445 Atma-anAtma-dRSTi: 600-6126 0 nivedana : 225-2360 bhAva: 98, 463; 7 vAda: 671, 697; 0 sAkSAtkAra : 746 AtmA = 9, 20, 66, 70, 71, 76, 77, 81, 86, 87, 93, 147, 138, 149, 162, 212, 231, 233, 251, 357, 365, 371, 372, 392, 431, 444, 477, 480, 484, 45, 490, 222, pa25, pa26, 536, 553, papapa, 585, 605, 610, 629, 653, 678, 717, 722, 735, 747, 58, 75, 760- AdhyAtmika: 738, 754; 0 5ddhati : 53 Ananda: ra72, 273 Arya samAja : 571, 676, 678 Alasya: 103 AvaraNa zakti H 25, 296 Azrama: 630, 694; 7 vyavasthA : 41-48, 504, 661, 694 AsurI saMpata : 26, 82,100, 263, 264, 591, 721 itihAsaH 124, 167, 391, 392, 431, 432, 45, 45, 46, 52, 520, para1, 573, 586, pa92, 605, 614, 648, 649, 654, 67, 678, 689, 705, 730, 741, 742, 753 I lyuzanaH 152, 256, 405, 444 isalAmaH 539-544, 722, 723 isu khrista, krAIsTaH 8, 20, 21, 228, 229, 258, 610, 653, 713, 723, 730 juo jIsasa IrSyA 120 | Izvara : 5, 33, 49, 109, 114, 115, 139, 147, 148, 182, 183, 190, 209, 288, 297, 393, 403, 412, 421-4ra7, 436, 477, 478, 479, 481, 486, 496, 501, 512, para2, 535, 580, 582, 6-2, 650, 653, 678,707, 715, 7pa9; 0 sRSTi: 295, 65ra, 18% ujamaNavAda: 405 utkrAnti : 159 uttara mImAMsA : 648 upAdhi : 651, vAda: 16raupAsanA : 361, 366, 385, 434 upekSA : 120, 124, 567 ekajIvavAda : 132, 183 ekadevavAda : 337 ekAntavAda: 745, 746 ekezvaravAdaH 542 enI besanTa, misisa : 438, 445 aitihAsika: 332, 335, 336, 416, 7pa3, 7540 tattva: 7520 daSTi : 667, 66860 paddhati : 20, 391, 400, 646; 0 pramANa: 399; 420; 0 satya : 668, 67; 0 siddhAnta : 430 karaNa: 119-121, 124 kartavya : 19, 267, 687, 688; 0 parAyaNatA; 275; 0 bhAvanA 87, 259, 260 karmaH 6, 81, 99, 200, 201, 276, 342, 345, 440, 45, 536, 579, 580, 660, 61, 681, 707, 718, 729; 790; 0 phalatyAga : 535; 0 mImAMsAH 660; 0 yAga: 81, 85, 95, 96, 101,

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848 ApaNe dharma 1 dhamaH 18, 19, 23, 24, 48-11, niyamaH 456, 589, 590, 604, 159, 175, 185, 233, 255, 712 313, 3346 336, 357, 364, nivRtti : 199, 200, 456, 503, 388, 423, 434, 451, 454, 505, 506, 508 462. 503, pa0, 511, 512, niSkAma: pa36, 651, 6pa3, 660 513, pa04, 534, 563, 564, nisvaiguNya : 81, 102, 274, 354, pa66, 567, pa72, 573, 582 355, 357, 586, 629, 645, 648, 653, nItiH 49, 110, 112, 113, 176, 658, 663, 665-666, 675, 685, 601, 693, 698, 710 231, 357, 691, 708, 739 726, 740, 743, 747, 51, taiyAcika : 25, 128, 146- 759 0 glAni: 5116 0 cakra prava- narukta H 332, 334, 33pa naH 6986 0nI keLavaNuM: 566, nyAya : 125, 147, 148, 145, 667 0 ne vikAsakrama : 317- 146, 148, 149, 393, 407, 320; 0 vyavasthA: pa71; 0 zAstra : 647, 654 : 11,450, 451,452, 5160 nyAya-vaizeSikaH 392, 396 zikSaNa: 3, 60, 565, 574, parabrahma : 148 55, pa76; ApaNo: 3-14; ApaNuM dhArmika uddhArane mArga : paramANuH 139 569; ApaNuM dhArmika avanati: paramAtmA H 26, 33, 4, 78, 81, pa70, 667, 704; hindu sanAtana 112, 145, 147, 149, 158, 0:629, 667, 671, 675-683; 190, 192, 195, 197, 199, dhAnyamaH 221, 225, 233, 246, 250, 690, 691 dhAnyAhAra : 685, 686 2pa2pa4, 258, 261, ra72, 286, 287, 290, 293, 294, dhArmika sthiti : 571-573; ApaNuM , 296-199, 301, 302, 304, * pa75, 698 305, 307, 308, 335, 356, dhyAnaH 146, 238,0ga : 96, 737 357, 465, 433, 436, 437, nayavAdaH 7pa. 746 438, 480, 501, 509, 511, nara: para6, 535, 654, 730, 731, 518, para2, para6, 535, 547, 732, 55 562, 563, 570, 589, 605, narasiha : 254 616, 639, 640, 653-657, nArAyaNa: 26, pa26, 535, 654, 661, 670, 678, 680, 716, 730, 731, 753 755 719, 720, 722, 323, 324, nityAnityavahuviveka: 67, 659,660 730-32, 734-736, 75-754, nididhyAsana : 14,20, 81, 396,674 | 756, 758, 759-.

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zabdasUci 849 paramArtha : 56-65, 465, 502, 608 | pravRtti : 199-200 paramezvara : 588, 750 prArthanA : 356, 362, 363, 586, parA : 156, 157, 253, 322 588, 590, 601, 602, 65, 709; 0 samAja: 571 pariNAmavAda : 307, 373- prema : 30, 40, 176, 185, 230, parokSa :41, 218, 234; 7 jJAnaH 345 | 231, 236, 247, 273, 274 pazuyAga : 689; 0 hema: 690 286, 290, 3ra3, 432, 7pa8 paMcarAtra : 420 peTesTanTa: 8, 428, 572 paMcazikhaH 420 bahircAmI: 589 pApa: 93, 94, 118, 367, 489 bibapratibiMbavAdaH 308, 182, puca : 118, 489 buddha, gautamaH 169, 228, rara9, punarjanmaH 13, 441 242-244, 258, 409, para4, purANa : 11, 167, 265,586, 654, 580, 600, 610, 647, 658, 662, 67, 678, 705, 719, 672, 716, 718, 724, 746 753 puruSa : 5, 42, 78, 97, 137, buddhiH 36-40, 66, 157, 16, 147, 176, 252, 355, 393, 176, ra32, 54, 583, 707, 414, 510, 639, 640, 758; 708, 753; 7 vAda 582; 778 0 artha : 48, 146, 366, 0 vilAsa 37, 38, 66- 367,395, 535, 674; 0 uttama : bauddhaH 9, 21, 43, 46, 111, 78, 735; 0 medhaH 461; 7 vAda: 130, 147, 149, 151, 241, 578; 401, 402, para2, papa4, 555, puSTi : 285,417,661; 0 coga : 640 580, 659, 693, 743, 744, pUrvajanmaH 356 749; 0 dharma : 8, 9, 44, 150, pUrvamImAMsA : 150, 648 pa25, 66, 649, 669 prakRti : 25, 26, 33, 63, 64, 70, brahma: 16, 17, 33, 34, 30, 63, 71, 4, 76, 7-78, 81, 87, 64, 7, 8, 84, 19, 195, 97, 100, 137, 145-147, 213, 360-366, 368-374, 156-158, 163, 176, 250, 395, 650, 651, 717, 729, 753, 757, 58, 760; 0 ji252, 253, 331, 332, 335, jJAsAH 37; 0 jJAna : 364, 377, 338, 355, 357, 393, 399, 381,657, 661, 0 dhyAna 656; 453, 478, 486, 551, 570, 0 nirvANa: 201, 317; 0 niSThaH 573, 6-3, 605, 638, 640, 16 17; 0 bhAvaH 71, 359; 654, 678, 758, 760, 178- prapatti : 201, 238, 247, 661 mI mAsa : 392-393; 0 prabhu : 247, 324, 575-57, 591, sAkSAtkAra : 39,424; nirguNa : pa92, 601, 709, 735, 737, 26, 27, 73, 148, 194, 739, 741, 59, 185, 234, 252, 253, 260, 107

Page #903
-850 ApaNe dharma 26, 285, 298, 361, 362, | mahAdeva : 679 392, 393, 722, 323, 58, mahAbhiniSkramaNa : 169, 171 760 saguNa 0 26, 27, 73 mahAyAna : 424 148, 194, 15, 234, 252, mahAvIra svAmI : 546, papa3, 580, 253, 260, 261, 296, 341, 668, 670, 671, 672, 697, 361, 393, 479, 598, 722, 716 7ra3, 58, 760 mAtA : 736; 0 merI : 719 brahmA: 26, 250, 401, 4ra7, 546. mAyAH 41, 5, 81, 84, 115, 596, 646, 677, 753 193, 199, 255, 281, 282, brahmADe : 481, 530 294, 296, 361, 372, 374, briAhmaNaH 44, 46, para, 409, 429, 393; 7 vAda: 64, 108, 135, 430, 431, 448, 456, 580, 208, 210, 211, 651628, 646, 666-67, 695, mAMsAhAra: 686,688; juo ahiMsA 699, 324, 743, 746, 748; mIrAM : 43, 226, 229, 236,321, 0 dharmaH 430, 745 322 brAhmadharma: 1-13, 21, 565 mukti H 324, 237, 65ra brAhmIsthatiH 37, 201 muditA : 120, 122, 124 bhakta : 5, 76 bhakti H 6, 10, 20, 201, 229 musalamAna: 541 232, 276, 282, 365, 378, mUrtipUjana-pUjA : 366, 433, 36433-436, 504, 511, 536, 439, 678, 679 662, 6, 721, 734, 937; mekenjhI, che : para0-pa22 0 mArga : 225, 431, 640; maitrI : 120, 124 0 thaga : 96, 321, 536, 733 mekSa : 14, 28, 29,48, 80, 116, 'bhAgavata dharmaH 420, 696, 747; 365, 366, 395, 396, 536, bhAgavata mata: 664 639- bhArata : 544 cakSaH 71, 99, 431, 660, 65, bhUtayajJa: 697 707bhedabheda : 333- catravAdaH 160 bhejeH 263, 277, 563 yAhudIH 52 346, 722 0 dharma: masyAhAra: 686 438, 718, 7ra4 mathurabhAI durlabhadAsa : 68 yudhiSThiraH 169, 174, 177, para6, madhyama pratipadA: 671 731 * madhvAcArya : 147 | yoga : 81, 96, 118, 124, 139, mananaH 14, 20, 674 146, 149, 375-385, 433, mahamada payagambara : 21, 273, 436 ! '601, 639647, 729, 733.

Page #904
zabdasUci 851 735; 0 zAstra: 656, 657, 1 vikAsa : 20, 738; 8 vAda: 159, 733 441 gidarzana : 138, 144, 45, 640, vikSepazakti : 294, 295 147 vijJAnaH 9, 482, 484; 7 vAda: 9 yogI : 122, 576 130; 0 zAstraH 322 rajoguNa: 77, 100, 778, 779 vivarta : 127-128, 368-374 rAjagaH 375, 378, 379, 380, viveka: 38, 67, 84, 100, 122, 381, 384- 125-135, 146, 657 rAja: 653, 654, 717 viziSTAdvaitavAdaH 133, 145, 147- rAdhA: 26, 633. upara 149, 308, 310, 231 rAma : 242-243 vizeSa : 140, 713. rAmacandraH 57 vizva : 206, 420, 420, 589, rAmAnandaH 542 590, 604, 676, 680, 688, rAmAnuja : 32, 253, 307, 342, 718,738, 745 343, 381, 406, 431, 531, vipAda : 103-104, 732 viSaNu 335, 337, 546, 542, 630, 659, 661, 664- | 30, 755-- rAyacandrajI, zrImad : 666, 674 vedadharma : 668, 722 rudraH 678 vedAntaH 62, 65, 7, 81, 84, rephamezana : 62 rimana kAlikaH 86 0 dharmaH 428, 85, 114, 130, 141, 14, 143, 145, 146, 147, 148, pa73- 209, 211, 13, 217, 220, lakSmI : 26, 753 222, 252, 382, 393, 430, lIlA: 199, 294 604, 735, 737, 745, 0 mnIH lekabudi: 84, 85, 489 - 108, 109, 132, 521, 7ra3, lokalAja : 235, 236, 324 745; 0 mata : 218; zAMkara : 194-195, 198, 369, 373, varNaH 44, 442, 445, 630, 661, 374, 652, 653, 656 681 0 Azrama : 99, 100, vaizeSika : 138, 148, 145, 146, 629, 634; 0 dharmaH 659; 148, 149, 407, 147, 773 0 bheda: 681; 7 vyavasthA: 48, vyavahAraH 3, 7, 16-61, 84, 477, 440, 449, 682 0 saMkara : 52, 575, 608, 634, 717 458, 45 - 1 zakti H 83, 88, 364, 31, 758; vastu : 164, 197, 293 0 pUjA : 719 0 saMpradAya : 26 vAmanarAvatAraH 312-320 zima 64, 67, 350, 658 vAsanAH 116, 235, 268, 269, zaraNAgati : 245, 640 366, 503 zakA : 28-30, 103, 105, 575, vikAraH 372, 373; 7 vAda: 307). 651

Page #905
para ApaNA dharma zAstra : 78, 108, 451, 461, 651 zAMkara siddhAnta H 16, 375385, 433, 650, 655, 657 ziva : 546, 679 zuddAdvaita : 145, 147-149 zetAna : 182, 297 zeSazAyI : 26 zraddhA : 28-30, 232, 236, 351, 357, 658, 683 zravaNa : 14-22 zrutiH 136, 329, 398, 454, 715 SaTyuMpatti H 350 paphdarzana : 11, 136-151, 391-394 sakhAH 654, 720-721, 755 sakhya : 338 sat : 133, 134, 479, 110, 821 sattvaguNa : 77, 100, 102, 778, 77 satyaH 259, 351, 479, 490, 501, 131, 537, 562, 563, 68, 652, 658, 676 sama H 71, 631 samatA : 273 samarpaNa : 574 samAdhAna : 350, 380, 658 samAdhi : 322 sarvAMtmavAde : 112 sata : 13, 234, 235, 436, 583 sanyAsa : 8, 42, 43, 44, 46, 55, 81, 101, 102, 111, 516, 531, 651 saMpradAya H 663 sasAraH 241, 242, 145, 247, 281, 289, 323, 324 saMskRti : 541, 543, 606,607,635, 636, 712-713, 740, 741 sAkSAtkAra : 38, 86, 219, 36, 367, 437, 656, 737, 747 sAdhutA H 258, 479 sAdhu dharmaH 673 sApekSatAvAda : 162 sAyansa H 34, 62, 64, 153, 154, 159, 160, 131, 162, 166, 256, 445, 477, 480, 483, 589, 601, 635, 636, 745 sAMkhyuM: 71, 125, 128, 139, 145, 146, 148, 149, 198, 19, 281, 282, 371, 392, 393, 410-420, 647, 756, 758; 0 daeNzana : 137, 142, 143, 646, 647 0 zAstra H 395, 404, 412, 45, 416, 420, 758 siddhArthaH 171--174 sudhArA, 53, 684, 189 sudhArAvALA : 431 suphI : 722, 736 suradAsa H 15, 109, 751 senTa pAla H 27, 193 saundaryuM H 258, 479, 480 strI : 31, 42, 43, 612, 613, 614615 sthitaprajJa: 122, 124, 269, 533, 536 spRzyAspRzyatvamImAMsA : smRti : 329, 458, 676. syAdvAda : 673, 745,746~~~ svataMtrakRtizakti : 493 svataMtratA : 296 464-472 w

Page #906
- zabdasUci 853 svAtaMtrya : 251 haThayogaH 375, 377, 378, 379, - 382, 383--harijanaH 450-463 hindu: pa2, 235, 436, 461, 541; 0 dharmaH 515-519,540, 542, 565, 659, 665, 7pa1 hiraNyagarbhaH ra7, 132, 307, 768 hiMsAH 697, 700; 0 yajJa 696 hRdayaH 36-40, 66, 169-190, 176, 232, 250, 259, 260, 515, 583

Page #907
maigrejI zabdonI sUci [ granthakAronAM nAmeAnA pahelA akSara jADA karyAM che. ane granthanAM nAmeAnI AsapAsa ekvaDAM avataraNacihno che. te uparAnta agatyanA rAEo paNa AvuM cihna Ave te! enA arthe sUcimA che ] ApelA che. zabdanI pRSThasaMkhyA pUrI thaye e che, ke e zabda aMgrejI-gujarAtI manne Abheda: 781 Absolute 138, 827, 828 Advaitism: 781 : - -- Agnosticism: 799, 808 Ahamkara: 787 Ajativada: 822 Alexander: 801-805, 811-813, 816 -- Anekantavada: 762, 774 Annambhatta: 771 'Antaryami Brahmana': 788 Anthropomorphism: 30 Arjuna: 768 Art: 815 Atheism: 779 Atma: 779 Atman: 825, 833, 837 Avidya: 782, 790 Beautiful: 2 Becoming: 814 Behaviourism * 837 * - Beigson 790, 801, 815, 817 820, 828, 830-833 Berkeley 787 Bertrand Russel: 801, 805, 807, 809, 810, 811. 836 'Bhagavadgita'chs, 767, 784,'Bhagavat'. 788, 821, 834 786, 826, 829. Bhakti: 784, 785 - - Bhakti School 783-785 Bheda: 781 Bhedabhedavada: 781 Bhogya: 804 Bhoktr: 804 'Bible': 20 Biogenesis: <0 Blondel: 830, 831 Bosanquet: 789, 802, S38 Bradley 789, 802 Brahman 772, 781-783, 812, 822, 833 Brahmana: 773, 780 'Brahma Sutra' 786, 788Brahmavada: 781 : spored Ge British philosophy: 790 Buddha: 809. ening Buddhism: 762, 775, 777, 784 Buddhist: 776, 783 Caird, Dr. J.: 222 Christian: 798 o Religion : 798 Christianity 763, 798, 830Civilization : 688,740 Clough, 798 Comte: 789, 800, 836 Cosmic Soul: 132 Croce: 790, 820, 821 Dars'ana: 762, 770, 773- Darvin 799, 801, 817 1 y 4

Page #908
aMgrejI zabdanI sUci 855 Das-Gupta, Prof: 763 -- Descartes : 764, 786 Deus : 204 Deva : 766 - Drinkwater : 835 Dualism. 786 Ego: 787, 824 Einstein : 791, 796 - E'lan Vital * 818 Erdmann: 343 Ethics : 92, 829 Evolution : 20, 52, 774, 799, 814, 816, Creative o 815, 818, 819, 820 Faith : 772, 780, 788, 798 Fichte * 789 Fraser, Prof: 304 Gautama Buddha : 774, 775, 779, 789, 827 -- Gentile 790, 820, 822, 823,825 George, Grierson : 039 Green, Prof: 344, 786, 789, 800, 802 Hatha-yoga : 729 - Hegal * 789, 815, 822, 826Heine: 358 Henry Jones, Prof : 32 Historical method * 349, 58EUR History of Indian Pholosophy : | 520 Humanism : 827, 828 Hume 787 - Huxley : 766 - Idea : 779, 800, 801, 804, 834 Idealism : 776, 778, 779, 782, 783, 787, 790, 791, 802, 804, 806, 811, 821, 823, 827; * Absolute o: 789 Immanence: 906, 968, 384, 834, FUL, 788 Indian Philosophy. 761, 762, 764,777, 783,785, 786, 788, 790, 791, 794, 816, 825 Intuition : 822, 832, 833 Jaina : 762, 774, 784, 789, 790James, Prof: 830, 789 - Kant 764, 786, 788, 789, 799, 807, 821, 829,Literature * 761 Logos :. 767, 793 Madhusudan-saraswati: 771Mahabharata : 768, 784 - Mahabhuta : 809 Mahayana * 779 Manu * 769 Martineau, Dr : 404 Martin Conway, Sir * 795, 796 Materialism : 799, 805,827 Matter: 772, 800, 804, 809, 820 VTax Muller 401 - Maya : 781, 782 Mimansa' 762, 777, 784, 793, 831 - Mind: 446, 772, 801, 302, 303, 804, 305, 807,809, 821, 892 Moksha . 783 - Monism: 806, 787 Morris, Prof: 34 Naiyayika 792 - Neo-Hegelianism : 789, 800 Neo-Idealism * 822, 826 Nyaya * 762, 779, 780, 787, 790 --

Page #909
856 ApaNe dharma Nyaya-Kusumanjali': 793 Nyaya-Vais'es'ika , : 803 Pantheism. 346, 840, 834 Parallelism . .786 Paramatman : 802 - Parinamavada : 816 - Pluralism * 828 Pragmatism : 837 Prakrti : 817, 777-779 - Purus'a : 779, 829 - Radha : 782 Radhakrishnan, Prof: 763 - Rajayoga: 779 Ramanuja : 782, 784, 787, 789, 791 - Ramayana': 768, 784 - Realism : 777, 783, 789, 801, 802, 804, 807, 827 Reason : 764, 766-768, 780, 798, 830 Relativity : 088, 184, 791, 801, 807 Religion : 49, 233, 180, 763, 780, 798, 811, 827, 831 S'amkara : 781-783, 786, 787, 789, 791, 803, 812, 813, 822, 833, o Vedanta * 787, 812, 814, 815, 822, 825_ Samkhya : 647, 762, 772, 773, 777, 778, 784, 787, 790, 809, 816, 817 - Sarvastivada : 776 Sayana : 765, 766 - Science : 798, 799, 800, 801, 806, 809, 808, 811, 812, ; 827, 828, 833 Sensationalism : 807, 809 Sidgwick : 240, 348 Space : 259, 790, 801, 804, 812, 816 Spencer, Herbert ; 789, 808, 809, 812Spinoza . 24, 765, 787, 808, 809, 814-- Stewart, Prof: 468 Suddhadvaita : 781 Sufism : 785 Syadvad : 774, 775- Tantra : 768 Tarkadipika': 771 Tennyson : 835 Theism : 777, 793 Time : 790, 801, 812, 313, 818 Transcendental : que, 788, 824 Upadhi-vada : 781 - Vachaspati-Mis'ra : 768 'Vaisinavism, Saivism, and Mi nor Religious Systems':890 Vallabha: 781, 782 Veda': 768, 772, 780, 792, 793 Vedanta': 762, 778, 779, 781, 784, 787, 789, 792, 804, 814, 821, 823 -- Vijnanabhikshu : 778, 779 - Vivarta-Vadin : $16 Wundt: 348 Yeats : 765 Zeus : 204