Jinvani Special issue on Jain Agam April 2002

Author(s): Dharmchand Jain
Publisher: Samyag Gyan Pracharak Mandal
Catalog link: https://jainqq.org/explore/003218/1

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hindI mAsika jinavANI jainAgama vizeSAMka - - ---- sarakAramahAmantra KCCCCCOMDID KACCOMDOD NamoarihaMtANaM NamosiddhANaM NamoAyariyANa NamouvajjhAyANa Namoloesavva saahnn|| esopaMca NamokkAro, savva-pAvappaNAsaNo maMgalANaM ca savvesi, par3hama havai mNgl| aprela, 2002 caitra, 2059 SARAM. PartGURU MHITADIUHIMIRMITTII HTTES MHIRITUTHITIRITTTTTTTTT10 rika yajJAna maNDala jayapura DALI HXxxxxxyxy. ATING (M XXXXXwxyyxx.1 Jain Education international !

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jinavANI maMgala-mUla dharma kI jananI, zAzvata, sukhadA, klyaannii| droha, moha, chala, mAna-mardinI, phira pragaTI yaha 'jinavANI' / / bhagavAna mahAvIra ke 2800veM janma-kalyANaka mahotsava ke avasara para prakAzita nAvaNa sAhitya vizeSAGka parasparopagraho jIvAnAm sampAdaka DaoN. dharmacanda jaina * prakAzaka . samyagjJAna pracAraka maNDala bApU bAjAra, jayapura

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jinavANI jainAgama sAhitya-vizeSAGka janavarI, pharavarI, mArca, aprela - 2002 vIra nirvANasamvat 2528 pauSa,mAgha, phAlguna, caitra samvat 2058 varSa:59 aMka: 1,2,3,4 prakAzaka prakAzacanda DAgA mantrI-samyagjJAna pracAraka maNDala, dukAna nambara 182 - 183 ke Upara, bApU bAjAra, jayapura-302003 (rAja.), phona : 565997 saMsthApaka zrI jaina ratna vidyAlaya, bhopAlagar3ha sampAdakIya samparka sUtra 3 K 25, kur3I bhagatAsanI hAusiMga borDa, jodhapura-342005 (rAja.) phona : 0291 -747981 bhArata sarakAra dvArA pradatta rajisTrezananaM. 3653/57 DAkapaMjIyana saM.RJ 2803/02 sadasyatA stambhasadasyatA 11,000ru. saMrakSakasadasyatA 5,000 ru. AjIvana sadasyatA dezameM 500ru. AjIvana sadasyatA videza meM 100 $ (DAlara) trivarSIyasadasyatA 120 ru. vArSikasadasyatA 50ru. isa vizeSAGkakAmUlya 50ru. mudraka : dIDAyamaNDa prinTiMga presa, motIsiMha bhomiyoMkA rAstA, jayapura, phona : 562929 noTa : yaha Avazyaka nahIM ki lekhakoM ke vicAroM se sampAdaka yA maNDala kI sahamati ho|

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"jahA sUI sasuttA, paDiyA vi na viNassai / tahA jIve sasutte, saMsAre na viNassai / / - uttarAdhyayana 29.59 jaise sUtrasahita sUcI, gira kara bhI hotI naSTa nahIM / vaise sasUtra prANI jaga meM rahakara bhI hote naSTa nahIM / / jisa prakAra dhAge sahita suI gira jAne para bhI khotI nahIM hai usI prakAra zAstrajJAna sahita jIva saMsAra meM vinaSTa nahIM hotA /

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prakAzakIya samyagjJAna pracAraka maNDala ke dvArA vigata 59 varSoM se 'jinavANI' mAsika patrikA kA prakAzana kiyA jA rahA hai| 'jinavANI' patrikA ke samayasamaya para prakAzita vizeSAMkoM ne pAThakoM ko eka viSaya para viziSTa jJAnarAzi upalabdha karAne kA prayAsa kiyA hai| usI zRMkhalA meM yaha 15vA~ vizeSAMka jainAgamoM ke adhyayana kI ora pAThakoM ko AkRSTa kara rahA hai| isa aMka meM prAyaH samasta zvetAmbara AgamoM kA paricaya dene ke sAtha pramukha digambara Agama-tulya granthoM kA bhI paricaya diyA gayA hai| jinavANI ke aba taka prakAzita 14 vizeSAMka isa prakAra haiM- 'svAdhyAya' (1964), 'sAmAyika' (1965), 'tapa' (1966), 'zrAvaka dharma' (1970), 'sAdhanA' (1971), 'dhyAna' (1972), 'jaina saMskRti aura rAjasthAna' (1975), (karmasiddhAnta' (1984), 'aparigraha' (1986), 'AcArya zrI hastImala jI ma.sA. zraddhAMjali aMka' (1991), AcArya zrI hastImala jI ma.sA.: vyaktitva evaM kRtitva' (1992), 'ahiMsA' (1993), 'samyagdarzana' (1996) evaM 'kriyoddhAra : eka cetanA' (1997) / bhagavAna mahAvIra ke 2600 veM janma-kalyANaka varSa meM prastuta 'jainAgama - sAhitya' vizeSAMka prakAzita karate hue hameM mahatI prasannatA hai| jainAgama kA eka artha jinavANI bhI hai / samprati AdhyAtmika evaM dhArmika adhyayana ke prati logoM meM ruci kI abhivRddhi dRSTigocara hotI hai / santoM kI preraNA, parIkSAoM ke Ayojana Adi isameM sahakArI nimitta rahe haiN| jJAna prati bar3hatI isa ruci ko dekhakara lagatA hai ki pAThaka jinavANI ke isa vizeSAGka kA avazya svAgata kreNge| ve AgamoM kA paricaya prApta kara apanA jJAnavarddhana kareMge tathA jijJAsA bhAva bar3hane para abhISTa Agama kA vistRta adhyayana karane hetu tatpara bneNge| jinAgama hamAre jIvana ko sahI dizA pradAna kara Atmabala evaM puruSArtha kI vRddhi meM sahAyaka banate haiM / / hama una sammAnanIya vidvAnoM, santoM evaM lekhakoM ke prati AbhAra prakaTa karate haiM jinhoMne apane Alekha bhejakara isa vizeSAMka ko samRddha banAyA hai| AkAravRddhi ke kAraNa vizeSAGka meM jina samIkSAtmaka lekhoM kA samAveza nahIM ho sakA hai, unheM jinavANI ke AgAmI kisI aMka meM prakAzita kiyA jaaegaa| sampAdaka DaoN0 dharmacanda jI evaM anya sabhI sahayogiyoM kA bhI hama dhanyavAda jJApita karate haiN| jina mahAnubhAvoM ne isa vizeSAMka ke prakAzana meM sahayoga rAzi bhejI hai, unakI AgamaniSThA kI hama prazaMsA karate haiN| cetanaprakAza DUMgaravAla adhyakSa IzvaralAla jaina kAryAdhyakSa samyagjJAna pracAraka maNDala, jayapura prakAzacanda DAgA maMtrI

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sampAdakIya jinabhASita vANI ke abhipreta artha ko grahaNa kara gaNadharoM evaM unake anantara sthavira muniyoM ne jinheM zabda rUpa meM gUMthA, ve hI grantha 'Agama' nAma se jAne jAte haiN| 'Agama' zabda kA yaha artha jainAgamoM ke saMdarbha meM hai| vaise 'Agama' mAtra jaina dharma-darzana kA zabda nahIM hai, isakA prayoga zaiva, nyAya, sAMkhya Adi jainetara bhAratIya darzanoM meM bhI huA hai| 'Agama' zabda pratyakSa, anumAna, upamAna Adi pramANoM kI bhAMti eka pRthaka pramANa hai| kucha bAteM/prameya jaba pratyakSa evaM anumAna se na jAna sakeM, to unheM 'Agama' se jAnA jA sakatA hai| veda ko pramANa mAnane ke saMbaMdha meM kathana hai- pratyakSeNAnumityA vA yastUpAyo na vidyate / taM vidanti vedena, tasmAda vedasya vedtaa|| arthAt jise pratyakSa evaM anumAna pramANa se na jAnA jA sake, use veda se jAnA jAtA hai| veda kA yahI vaiziSTya hai| Agama' pramANa kA bhI yahI vaiziSTya hai ki yaha hameM sAdhAraNa indriyoM se evaM mana se hone vAle pratyakSa jJAna tathA tarka ke AdhAra para hone vAle anumAna jJAna se bhI bhinna viSayoM kA yathArtha jJAna karAtA hai| Agama' pramANa kA dUsarA nAma 'zabda' pramANa bhI hai| Agama yA zabda ko pramANa mAnane vAle nyAya, sAMkhya, mImAMsA, vedAnta, zaiva, jaina Adi darzana 'Agama' ko pramANa mAnakara bhI usake svarUpa ke saMbaMdha meM ekamata nahIM haiN| hA~ 'Aptavacanam Agama:' isa lakSaNa meM to sabakI sahamati hai, kintu vaha 'Apta' kauna hai, isa saMbaMdha meM matabheda haiN| jainAgamoM ke saMdarbha meM to tIrthakara, gaNadhara evaM sthavira hI Apta haiM, tathA unakI vANI hI Agama hai| yaha Agama-vANI ahiMsA, satya, saMyama, tapa Adi jIvanamUlyoM ko sthApita karatI hai| Agama-vANI isa dRSTi se artharUpa meM zAzvata hotI hai, kintu zabda rUpa meM gaNadharoM evaM sthaviroM dvArA puna: puna: grathita kI jAtI hai| isa dRSTi se vaha azAzvata bhI hai| tIrthakara saMsAra ke du:khoM se mukta hone kA mArga batalAte haiN| vaha mArga to zAzvata hai, kintu pratipAdana-kartAoM kI zabdAvalI meM antara A jAtA hai| jainadharma meM artha/abhiprAya kA mahattva rahA hai, vedoM meM zabda kA mahattva rahA hai| dhIre-dhIre jainadharma meM bhI artha kI surakSA hetu zabdako mahattvaparNa mAnA jAne lgaa| AgamoM kI bhASA ardhamAgadhI prAkRta rahI hai| sabhI zvetAmbara AgamoM kI mUlabhASA ardhamAgadhI hai| tIrthakara mahAvIra te ardhamAgadhI bhASA meM hI pravacana kiyA hai- bhagavaM ca Na addhamAgahIe bhAsAe dhammamAikkhaI (samavAyAMga, samavAya 34, sUtra 22) / aupapAtika sUtra, bhagavatIsUtra evaM AcArAMgacUrNi meM bhI bhagavAna ke dvArA ardhamAgadhI bhASA meM pravacana karane kA ullekha milatA hai| digambara paramparA bhI isa bAta se sahamata hai ki bhagavAna mahAvIra ne ardhamAgadhI bhASA meM upadeza diyaa| phira bhI sthAnIya prabhAva Adi se digambaroM ke mAnya grantha isa samaya zaurasenI prAkata meM tathA zvetAmbaroM ke

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jinavANI - jainAgama sAhitya vizeSA Agama ardhamAgadhI meM haiN| zvetAmbara AgamoM para bhI sthAnIya kAraNoM se mahArASTrI prAkRta kA prabhAva dRSTigocara hotA hai| tIrthakara mahAvIra ke 11 gaNadharoM kI 9 Agama-vAcanAe~ thI, kintu inameM se 9 gaNadhara to bhagavAna mahAvIra ke nirvANa ke pUrva hI mukta ho gae the| gautama gaNadhara bhI vIra nirvANa saMvat 12 meM nirvANa prApta ho ge| paMcama gaNadhara Arya sudharmA svAmI kI vAcanA zeSa rahI tathA vahI abhI saMprApta hai| tIrthakaroM ke upadezoM kA abhiprAya hI gaNadharoM ke dvArA sUtrarUpa meM prastuta kiyA jAtA atthaM bhAsai arahA, suttaM gathaMti gaNaharA niunnN| sAsaNassa hiyaDhAe. tao suttaM pavattai / / - Avazyakaniyukti gAthA 192 arahanta artharUpa vANI pharamAte haiM tathA zAsana ke hita ke lie gaNadhara use sUtrarUpa meM gUMthate haiN| gaNadhara bhI mAtra aMga AgamoM kI hI racanA karate haiM, kintu unake anantara sthavira aMgabAhya AgamoM kI racanA karate haiM gaNaharatherakayaM vA AesA, mukkavAraNao vaa| dhuva-cala-visesao vA aMgANaMgesu nANattaM / / -vizeSAvazyaka bhASya gaNadharoM athavA sthaviroM dvArA racita aMga evaM anaMga (aMga bAhya) Agama donoM kA prAmANya hai| jaba sthavirakRta Agama tIrthakara vANI ke anurUpa evaM abAdhita ho tabhI unakA prAmANya svIkArya hotA hai| mUlAcAra meM kahA gayA hai ki sUtra gaNadhara kathita, pratyekabuddha kathita, zrutakevali kathita tathA dazapUrvI kathita hotA hai suttaM gaNaharakathidaM, taheva patteyabuddhakathidaM c| ___ sudakevaliNA kathidaM, abhiNNadasapuvakathidaM c|| -mUlAcAra 5.80 AgamoM kI pATaliputra (vIra nirvANa 160 varSa), kumArI parvata (vIra nirvANa 300 varSa), mathurA (vIra nirvANa 827), vallabhI (nAgArjunIya vAcanA evaM vallabhI (vIra nirvANa 980 varSa) meM vAcanAe~ huii| inameM antima vAcanA devarddhigaNi kSamAzramaNa ke samaya huii| Agama kI yaha paramparA usake pazcAt nirantara usI rUpa meM cala rahI hai| devarddhigaNi kSamAzramaNa ne AgamoM kA nayA nirmANa nahIM kiyA, kintu unhoMne AgamoM ko sampAdita kara unheM lipibaddha kraayaa| AgamoM kA lekhana devarddhigaNi kSamAzramaNa ke samaya hI huA, aisA mAnA jAtA hai| AgamoM kA pUrNata: Aja vaha svarUpa to upalabdha nahIM hai jo gaNadhara sudharmA ke samaya sthira huA thA, kyoMki dRSTivAda kA pUrNarUpeNa vilopa ho cukA hai| aMga AgamoM meM bhI AcArAMga sUtra ke prathama zrutaskandha kA mahAparijJA nAmaka saptama adhyAya upalabdha nahIM hai| praznavyAkaraNa sUtra kA prAcIna rUpa lupta ho gayA hai| isa prakAra aMga AgamoM meM bhI kucha vicchintatA dRSTigocara hotI hai| devarddhigaNi ne Agama lekhana karAkara isa kSaraNa ko rokA hai| AgamoM kI apanI viziSTa zailI hai. jisameM jambasvAmI sArI sazarmA

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jinavANI - jainAgama sAhitya vizeSAjJa svAmI se pRcchA karate haiM tathA Arya sudharmAsvAmI ziSya jambUsvAmI ko bhagavAna mahAvIra se jaisA sunA vaisA artha sUtra-rUpa meM pharamAte haiM- "suyaM me Ausa! teNaM bhagavayA evamakkhAyaM" (he AyuSman (jambU) maiMne sunA hai, una bhagavAna (mahAvIra) ke dvArA isa prakAra kahA gayA hai) / AgamoM kA adhyayana karate samaya hameM tIrthakaroM ke upadeza ke bhAvoM ko mahattva dekara sAdhanA meM sahayogI vicAroM ko evaM tadanurUpa sUtrArtha ko mahattva denA cAhie | AgamoM kA adhyayana sAdhakoM ke lie to upayogI haiM hI, kintu saMskRti, itihAsa, darzana, svamata-paramata, khagola, bhUgola, samAjazAstra, gaNita, jyotiSa, bhautika zAstra, svapna-zAstra, manovijJAna, svAsthya - vijJAna Adi viSayoM ke adhyetAoM ke lie bhI AgamoM meM pAThya sAmagrI upalabdha haiM / AgamoM ke vargIkaraNa ko lekara aba taka cAra rUpa prApta hote haiN| sabase prAcIna rUpa samavAyAMga sUtra meM dRSTigocara hotA hai, jisake anusAra AgamoM ko pUrva aura aMga ke rUpa meM vibhakta kiyA gayA hai| pUrvo kI saMkhyA caudaha evaM aMgoM kI saMkhyA bAraha batAte hue unake nAma bhI die gae haiN| (draSTavya samavAyAMga, samavAya 14 evaM gaNipiTaka varNana) dUsarA vargIkaraNa nandisUtra meM upalabdha hotA hai, jisake anusAra AgamoM ko aMgapraviSTa aura aMgabAhya bhedoM meM vibhakta kiyA gayA haiM- ahavA taM samAsao duvihaM paNNattaM, taMjahA aMgapaviTTha aMgabAhiraM ca (naMdasUitra, 43 ) / tRtIya vargIkaraNa cAra anuyogoM ke rUpa meM prApta hotA hai, jisake anusAra samasta Agama cAra anuyogoM meM samAviSTa ho jAte haiN| cAra anuyoga haiM- 1. caraNakaraNAnuyoga 2. dharmakathAnuyoga 3. gaNitAnuyoga 4. dravyAnuyoga / yaha vargIkaraNa AryarakSita dvArA kiye jAne kA ullekha milatA hai| digambara paramparA meM cAra anuyogoM ke nAma isa prakAra haiM- 1 prathamAnuyoga 2. karaNAnuyoga 3. caraNAnuyoga aura 4. dravyAnuyoga / AgamoM ke cauthe vargIkaraNa meM inheM aMga, upAMga, mUla aura cheda sUtroM meM vibhakta kiyA gayA hai| pahale aMgasUtroM ke atirikta sabhI sUtra aMgabAhya meM sammilita hote the, kintu upAMga Adi ke rUpa meM vibhAjana hone para yaha hI vargIkaraNa adhika pracalana meM A gyaa| vikrama saMvat 1334 meM nirmita prabhAvaka carita meM aMga, upAMga, mUla aura cheda ke vibhAjana kA spaSTa ullekha milatA hai tatazcaturvidhaH kAryo'nuyogo'taH paraM mayA / tato'GgopAGgamUlAkhyagranthacchedakRtAgamaH / / - prabhAvakacaritam, 24 isake anantara upAdhyAya samayasundaragaNi viracita 'samAcArI zataka' meM bhI isa vibhAjana kA ullekha milatA hai| prakIrNaka zabda kA prayoga apekSAkRta prAcIna hai, jise Agama kI cAra vidhAoM se pRthaka mAnA jAtA hai / vartamAna meM sthAnakavAsI evaM terApaMtha sampradAya 32 AgamoM ko mAnya karate haiM tathA zvetAmbara mUrtipUjaka sampradAya ke anusAra 45 Agama mAnya haiN|

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jinavANI - jainAgama sAhitya vizeSAha mUrtipUjakoM ke mata meM 84 Agama bhI mAnya rahe haiN| sthAnakavAsI evaM terApaMtha sampradAya meM 32 AgamoM kI gaNanA isa prakAra hotI haiM- 11 aMga, 12 upAMga, 4 mUlasUtra, 4 cheda sUtra eMva Avazyaka sUtra / 11 aMga Agama haiM- AcArAMga, sUtrakRtAGga, sthAnAGga, samavAyAGga, bhagavatI (vyAkhyAprajJapti), jJAtAdharmakathA, upAsakadazA, antakRtdazA, anuttaropapAtika, praznavyAkaraNa aura vipAka sUtra / AcArAMga sUtra meM ahiMsA, asaMgatA, apramattatArUpa sAdhanA ke vibhinna sUtra bikhare par3e haiN| isameM punarjanma evaM Atma-svarUpa kA bhI nirUpaNa hai | isake dvitIya zrutaskandha meM bhagavAna mahAvIra kI sAdhanA kA bhI vivaraNa upalabdha hai / sUtrakRtAMga meM bhI AcArAMga kI bhAMti do zrutaskandha haiN| donoM zrutaskandhoM meM kula 23 adhyayana haiN| isameM vibhinna dArzanika matoM kA upasthApana kara nirAkaraNa kiyA gayA hai tathA ahiMsA, aparigraha, pratyAkhyAna Adi sAdhanA ke vibhinna viSayoM kI carcA kI gaI hai / aMgasUtroM meM AcArAGga evaM sUtrakRtAGga kI prAcInatA ke saMbaMdha meM sabhI vidvAn ekamata haiN| ina donoM AgamoM kI bhASA evaM viSayavastu donoM prAcIna haiN| sthAnAMga evaM samavAyAMga sUtra meM saMkhyA ke AdhAra para vividha viSayoM evaM tathyoM kA saMkalana hai / sthAnAMga sUtra meM eka se lekara daza saMkhyAoM meM itihAsa, saMskRti, darzana, sAdhanA Adi ke vibhinna viSayaM saMgRhIta haiM / samavAyAMga sUtra meM eka se lekara sau evaM koTi saMkhyA taka ke tathyoM kA saMkalana haiM, jinameM tIrthakara, cakravartI Adi kI sUcanAoM ke atirikta jIvAdi bhedoM kA varNana hai / vyAkhyAprajJapti sUtra kA apara nAma bhagavatI sUtra haiM / bhagavatI sUtra meM praznottara zailI meM svasamaya, parasamaya jIva, ajIva, loka, aloka Adi ke saMbaMdha meM vistRta evaM sUkSma carcA upalabdha hotI hai / vibhajyavAda kI zailI meM bha. mahAvIra ne gautama gaNadhara, roha aNagAra, jayantI zrAvikA Adi ke praznoM kA sundara samAdhAna kiyA hai| isameM gozAlaka, zivarAjarSi, skanda parivrAjaka, tAmalI tApasa Adi kA bhI varNana milatA hai / jJAtAdharmakathA meM aitihAsika evaM kAlpanika dRSTAntoM se AcAra kI dRr3hatA kA upadeza diyA gayA hai| isakA sAMskRtika dRSTi se bhI bar3A mahattva hai / upAsakadazAMga sUtra meM Ananda Adi dasa zramaNopAsakoM kI sAdhanA kA varNana haiM, jo zrAvaka samAja ke lie preraNAdAyI hai / antakRtdazA sUtra una 90 sAdhakoM ke jIvana kA varNana karatA hai jo usI bhava meM mokSa ko prApta hue / isameM gajasukumAla, arjunamAlI aura atimukta kumAra kA jIvana caritra vizeSa rUpa se ullekhanIya hai / anuttaraupapAtika dazA sUtra meM una sAdhakoM kA varNana hai jinhoMne apanI sAdhanA ke bala para anuttara vimAna meM janma grahaNa kiyA haiM / praznavyAkaraNa sUtra kA prAcIna rUpa lupta ho gayA hai| vartamAna meM jo praznavyAkaraNa upalabdha haiM, usameM hiMsA Adi 5 Asava aura ahiMsA Adi 5 saMvara kA varNana upalabdha hai| vipAka sUtra meM zubha - azubha karma karane ke phala ko satana aura halakI pArita meM ghaTita karate hue kaI kathAnaka

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8000000002998487865 jinavANI - jamAtama sAhitya vizeSAGka diye gaye haiN| bArahavA~ aMga dRSTivAda isa samaya anupalabdha hai| isameM parikarma, sUtra, anuyoga, pUrva aura cUlikA ke bheda se vistRta nirUpaNa huA thaa| 12 upAMga sUtra haiM- aupapAtika, rAjagraznIya, jIvAjIvAbhigama, prajJApanA, jambUdvIpaprajJapti, candraprajJapti, sUryaprajJapti nizyAvalikA. kalyAvataMsikA, puSpikA, puSpacUlikA aura vRssnnidshaa| __ auyapAtika sUtra meM campAnagarI, pUrNabhadra udyAna, vanakhaNDa, azoka vRkSa, koNika rAjA, dhAriNI rAnI aura bhagavAna mahAvIra kA varNana huA hai| rAjapraznIya sUtra meM sUryAbhadeva ke dvArA bhagavAna mahAvIra ke prati nATyAdi vidhi se bhakti-bhAva prakaTa kiyA gayA hai| isake uttarArddha bhAga meM kezI zramaNa ke sAtha rAjApradezI kA rocaka saMvAda hai, jisameM AtmA ko zarIra se bhinna siddha kiyA gayA hai| jIvAjIvAbhigama sUtra meM jIva aura ajIva dravyoM kA vistAra se varNana huA hai| ajIva kA varNana saMkSepa meM tathA jIva kA varNana vistAra se huA hai| isa Agama kI 9 pratipattiyoM meM jIva ke vividha prakAra se bheda kiye gaye haiN| prajJApanA sUtra ke 36 padoM meM jIva-ajIva, Asava-saMvara, nirjarA, bandha aura mokSa tattvoM se saMbaddha vibhinna viSayoM kA pratipAdana huA hai| isameM sthiti, ucchvAsa, bhASA, zarIra, kaSAya, indriya, lezyA, avagAhanA, kriyA, karma-prakRti, AhAra, upayoga Adi viSaya carcita haiN| jambUdvIpaprajJapti sUtra meM jambUdvIpa, bharatakSetra, bhagavAna RSabhadeva, bharata cakravartI, kAlacakra Adi kA nirUpaNa hai| sUryaprajJapti aura candraprajJapti kA viSaya lagabhaga eka jaisA hai| inameM khagola zAstra kA vyavasthita varNana hai| nirayAvalikA Adi pA~ca sUtroM meM aitihAsika kathAnaka haiN| nirayAvalikA meM naraka meM jAne vAle rAjakumAroM kA varNana hai| kalyAvataMsikA meM kalpa arthAt devaloka meM utpanna hone vAle samrATa zreNika ke dasa pautroM kA varNana hai| puSpikA sUtra meM una dasa devoM kA varNana hai jo puSpaka vimAnoM meM baiThakara bhagavAna mahAvIra ke darzana karane aaye| puSpacUlikA sUtra meM bhI dasa devoM kA varNana hai jo puSyacUlikA vimAna meM baiThakara bhagavAna kA darzana karane aaye| vRSNidazA sUtra meM vRSNivaMza ke balabhadra ke niSadha kumArAdi bAraha putroM kA varNana hai, jo bha. neminAtha ke pAsa dIkSita hue aura sarvArthasiddha vimAna meM devAyu ko bhogakara mahAvideha kSetra meM janma lete hue mokSa prApta kreNge| __4 mUlasUtra haiM- uttarAdhyayana, dazavaikAlika, nandIsUtra aura anuyogdvaar| uttarAdhyayana sUtra 36 adhyayanoM meM vibhakta hai| ina adhyayanoM meM vinaya, parISaha, maraNa, apramattatA, mokSa-mArga, pravacana mAtA, karma-prakRti, lezyA Adi viSayoM kI carcA hai| AcArya zayyaMbhava racita dazavakAlika sUtra ke 18 adhyayanoM meM zramaNAcAra kA acchA pratipAdana hai| nandIsUtra devavAcaka dvArA racita hai tathA isameM paMcavidha jJAnoM kA sundara nirUpaNa hai| anuyogadvAra sUtra meM nikSepa, upakrama, AnupUrvI, pramANavAra, anugama, naya Adi ke varNana ke sAtha

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jinavANI - jainAgama sAhitya vizeSAGa kAvya zAstra Adi ke saMbaMdha meM bhI jAnakArI vidyamAna haiN| 4 chedasUtra haiM- dazAzrutaskandha, bRhatkalpa, vyavahAra aura nizItha / chedasUtroM meM zramaNAcAra ke utsarga evaM apavAda niyama diye haiN| prAyazcitta kA vidhAna bhI kiyA gayA hai / dazAzrutaskandha ke dasa adhyayanoM meM 20 asamAdhi doSa, 21 zabala doSa, 33 AzAtanA Adi kA varNana haiM / kalpasUtra isake AThaveM adhyayana se prasUta hai / bRhatkalpasUtra meM zramaNa- zramaNiyoM ke lie kalpanIya evaM akalpanIya vastra - pAtra Adi kA vivecana hai / vyavahAra sUtra meM vihAra, cAturmAsa, AvAsa, pada Adi vyavahAroM kA nirUpaNa hai / nizItha sUtra ko AcArAMga sUtra ke dvitIya zrutaskandha kI pAMcavI cUlA mAnA jAtA hai| isameM sAdhvAcAra meM lage doSoM ke nivAraNa hetu prAyazcitta kI vizeSa vyavasthA hai / battIsaveM Avazyaka sUtra meM sAmAyika Adi SaD AvazyakoM kA varNana haiM / zvetAmbara mUrtipUjaka paramparA meM jItakalpa eMva mahAnizItha kI chedasUtroM meM gaNanA karake cha: chedasUtra mAne jAte haiN| oghaniryukti-piNDaniryukti ko mUlasUtroM meM ginA jAtA hai| ve dasa prakIrNakoM ko bhI Agama meM sammilita karate haiN| dasa prakIrNaka haiM- 1. catu: zaraNa 2 Atura pratyAkhyAna 3. bhakta-parijJA 4 . saMstAraka 5. taMdulavaicArika 6. candravedhyaka 7. devendrastava 8. gaNividyA 9. mahApratyAkhyAna 10. gacchAcAra | isa prakAra zvetAmbara mUrtipUjaka paramparA meM 45 sUtra mAnya haiM (sthAnakavAsI dvArA mAnya 32 Agama + uparyukta 13 aagm)| isa paramparA meM 84 Agama bhI mAnya haiM, jisakI sUcI isa vizeSAMka ke prAraMbhika lekha meM dI gayI haiM / digambara paramparA ina ardhamAgadhI AgamoM ko mAnya nahIM krtii| inake yahA~ puSpadanta evaM bhUtabalI dvArA racita SaTkhaNDAgama, guNadhara dvArA racita kaSAyaprAbhRta, vaTTakera kRta mUlAcAra, aparAjita sUri kI bhagavatI ArAdhanA, AcArya kundakunda kI samayasAra Adi kRtiyoM ko Agama ke rUpa meM mAnya kiyA gayA hai| 21vIM zatI kA yaha yuga jahA~ eka ora hiMsA, AtaMka, bhaya, vaimanasya aura AzaMkAoM kI vRddhi kA yuga hai, vahAM isa yuga meM jJAna-vijJAna kA bhI paryApta pracAra-prasAra huA hai / vijJAna kI dRSTi se yaha sUcanA ke pracAra-prasAra kA vikasita yuga hai / inTaraneTa jaise sAdhanoM ke kAraNa jJAna kI vibhinna zAkhAoM ke saMbaMdha meM pratyeka vyakti navInatama jAnakArI prApta karane meM samartha huA hai| bIsavIM zatI meM jainAgama aura usake vyAkhyA-sAhitya kA prakAzana aneka sthAnoM se huaa| adhikAMza AgamoM ke anuvAda aura vivecana hindI aura gujarAtI bhASAoM meM upalabdha haiN| kucha Agama aMgrejI bhASA meM bhI anadita aura vivecita hue haiN| harmana jekobI, vAlTara zabiMga Adi videzI

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10 jinavANI - jainAgama sAhitya vizeSAha vidvAnoM ne bhI isa dizA meM agraNI rUpa se kArya kara jaina sAhitya kI mahattA ko bhAratIyoM aura vaidezikoM ke madhya pratiSThita kiyA hai| AcArAMga sUtra kA prathama saMskaraNa harmana jaikobI dvArA barlina se prakAzita kiyA gayA thaa| bhArata meM AcArya AtmArAma jI ma.sA., AcArya zrI hastImala jI ma.sA., pUjya amolakaRSi jI, muni puNyavijaya jI, muni jambUvijaya jI, sAgarAnandasUri jI, AcArya tulasI jI, AcArya mahAprajJa jI, upAdhyAya zrI kanhaiyAlAla jI 'kamala' Adi ne AgamoM ke saMpAdana, anuvAda, vivecana yA TIkA lekhana ke kSetra meM viziSTa yogadAna kiyA hai| vidvat samAja meM pa. dalasukha mAlavaNiyA, paM. becaradAsa dozI, paM. zobhAcanda bhArilla Adi ke nAma AdarapUrvaka lie... jAte haiM / abhI taka bhASya, cUrNi aura saMskRta TIkAoM ke anuvAda sAmane nahIM Ae haiN| prakIrNakoM kA anuvAda Agama-ahiMsA evaM prAkRta saMsthAna, udayapura se ho rahA hai| niyuktiyoM para lADanU~ aura vArANasI meM kArya cala rahA hai I bhagavAna mahAvIra ke 2600veM janmakalyANaka ke avasara para unakI vANI ke aMza rUpa meM mAnya AgamoM ke adhyayana ko protsAhita karane kI dRSTi se 'jinavANI' mAsika patrikA kA yaha 15vA~ vizeSAGka 'jainAgama - sAhitya' vizeSAGka ke rUpa meM samarpita hai| isa vizeSAMka meM sthAnakavAsI evaM terApantha sampradAya dvArA mAnya sabhI 32 AgamoM ke atirikta prakIrNakoM evaM AgamoM ke vyAkhyA- sAhitya para bhI nibandha saMgRhIta haiM / digambara paramparA meM mAnya pramukha Agamatulya granthoM kA paricaya bhI isameM samAviSTa hai| isa prakAra yaha grantha jainAgama sAhitya kA lagabhaga sampUrNa kalevara sameTa rahA hai| jainAgama - sAhitya ke paricaya hetu pUrva meM bhI kucha prakAzana hue haiM. unameM eca. Ara. kApaDiyA kI pustaka - A History of Jaina Canoniocal Literature, zrI vijayamuni zAstrI kI " Agama aura vyAkhyA sAhitya', AcArya devendramunijI kI 'jaina Agama sAhitya : manana aura mImAMsA', AcArya jayantasenasUri jI dvArA sampAdita 'jainAgama : eka anuzIlana' pustakeM prakAza meM AI haiN| pArzvanAtha vidyApITha se prakAzita jainasAhitya kA bRhad itihAsa ke prathama do bhAga bhI isa dRSTi se mahattvapUrNa haiN| AcArya zrI hastImala jI mahArAja ke 'jainadharma kA maulika itihAsa' evaM DaoN. jagadIzacandra jaina ke 'prAkRta sAhitya kA itihAsa' pustakoM meM bhI Agama-sAhitya kA paricaya vidyamAna hai| isake atirikta ahamadAbAda meM 1986 meM huI saMgoSTI ke zodha-patroM kI pustaka 'jaina Agama sAhitya' DaoN. ke. Ara. candra ke sampAdakatva meM prakAzita huI hai| zrI madhukara muni jI dvArA saMkSepa meM 'jainAgama : eka paricaya' nAmaka laghupustikA bhI likhI gaI hai| Agama prakAzana samiti, byAvara se prakAzita AgamoM kI bhUmikAe~ bhI AgamoM kA jJAna karAne meM sahAyaka haiN| prastuta vizeSAraka kA sapanA rahezya evaM vaiziSTya hai| aba taka

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jinavANI - jainAgama sAhitya vizeSAGa Agama ke paricaya hetu jo prakAzana huA hai vaha pustaka ke rUpa meM huA hai, jise hara eka kraya karane kA prayatna nahIM karatA / yaha eka mAsika patrikA kA vizeSAGka haiM jo pAThakoM ko sahaja sulabha ho skegaa| eka sAtha ATha nau hajAra sadasyoM ke pAsa pahuMcane se kama se kama isake dasa gunA loga isase lAbhAnvita hoNge| dUsarI bAta yaha hai ki yaha kisI eka lekhaka kI kRti nahIM hai / isameM vibhinna pratiSThita lekhakoM ke lekha haiM jo Agama kI viSayavastu evaM vaiziSTya para prakAza DAlate haiN| kisI patrikA ke vizeSAGka ke rUpa meM prakAzana kA yaha prathama prayAsa hai| eka hI aMka meM sabhI AgamoM se paricita karAnA eka kaThina kArya avazya thA, kintu lekhakoM ke sahayoga se yaha sambhava ho sakA haiN| binA kisI khaNDana- maNDana ke sIdhe saralarUpa meM AgamoM ke hArda se pAThakoM ko avagata karAnA hI isa vizeSAGka kA mahattvapUrNa lakSya rahA hai| yaha ullekha karate hue harSa kA anubhava hotA hai ki lekhakoM ne tatparatApUrvaka apanA sahayoga diyA hai| isa vizeSAGka kI yojanA kucha adhika thI / isameM Agama- sAhitya ke paricaya ke sAtha Agama- sAhitya meM vItarAgatA, vijJAna, ahiMsA, paryAvaraNa saMrakSaNa, saMgItakalA, zikSA, Agama-sAhitya kI kAvyazAstrIya samIkSA Adi aneka lekha bhI sammilita kie jAne the, kintu kalevara kI adhikatA ko dhyAna meM rakhate hue prastuta vizeSAGka meM uparyukta lekha hameM prApta ho jAne para bhI sammilita nahIM kiye jA ske| hama ina lekhoM kA pRthaka rUpa se jinavANI kA eka aMka nikAlane kA vicAra rakhate haiN| ataH pAThakoM ko Agama-sAhitya viSayaka pAThyasAmagrI eka bAra punaH prApta ho skegii| maiM una saba vidvat santoM evaM mAnanIya lekhakoM kA hArdika AbhAra jJApita karatA hU~, jinhoMne isa vizeSAGka ke lie apane lekha preSita kie| unake sahayoga ke binA isa vizeSAGka kA prakAzana saMbhava nahIM thA / samyagjJAna pracAraka maNDala ke adhyakSa zrI cetanaprakAza jI DUMgaravAla ke protsAhana evaM mantrI zrI prakAzacanda jI DAgA ke sarvavidha sahayoga ke lie maiM unakA bhI hArdika kRtajJa hU~ / jinavANI ke pAThaka - sadasyoM kA vizeSa rUpa se AbhArI hU~, jinhoMne tIna mAha taka dhairya rakhakara isa vizeSAGka ke prakAzana meM mUka sahayoga pradAna kiyaa| ve vizeSAGka ko par3hakara apanI pratikriyA se avazya avagata karAyeMge, aisI AzA evaM prArthanA hai| - DaoN. dharmacanda jaina

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viSayAnukramaNikA 6 vibhinna jaina sampradAyoM meM mAnya Agama : saMkalita jaina Agama sAhitya : eka dRSTipAta : AcArya zrI devendramuni jI ma.sA. dvAdazAMgI kI racanA usakA hrAsa evaM Agama- lekhana : AcAryapravara zrI hastImala jI ma.sA.. AgamoM kI vAcanAe~ : DaoN. sAgaramala jaina jaina AgamA kI prAcInatA : DaoN. padamacanda muNota jinAgamA kI bhASA : nAma aura svarUpa : DaoN. ke.Ara. candra AgamoM ke adhikAra aura gaNipiTaka kI zAzvatatA : AcArya zrI AtmArAma jI ma.sA. 'Agama' zabda vimarza . : DaoN. harizaMkara pANDeya Agama kA adhyayana kyA ? : zAsanaprabhAvikA mainAsundarIjI ma.sA.. AcArAMgasUtra meM mUlyAtmaka cetanA : DaoN. kamalacanda sogANI AcArAMgasUtra kA mukhya saMdeza ahiMsA aura asaMgatA : zrIcanda surANA 'sarasa' sUtrakRtAMga kA varNya viSaya evaM vaiziSTya : DaoN. azoka kumAra jaina sUtrakRtAMga meM varNita dArzanika vicAra : DaoN. zrIprakAza pANDaya sthAnAMga sUtra kA mahattva evaM viSayavastu : DaoN.(zrImatI) pArasamaNi khIMcA sthAnAMga sUtra kA pratipAdya : zrI tilakadhara zAstrI samavAyAMga sUtra : eka paricaya : zrI dharmacanda jaina vyAkhyAprApta sUtra : DaoN. dharmacanda jaina jAtAdharmakathA kI sAMskRtika virAsata : prophesara premasumana jaina upAsakadazAMga : eka anuzIlana : zrImatI suzIlA boharA antakRdazAsUtra : zrI pI.ema. cAr3iyA antakRdazAsUtra kA samIkSAtmaka adhyayana : zrI mAnamala kudAla anuttaraupapAtikadazA sUtra : suzrI zvetA jaina praznavyAkaraNa sUtra :: zrI sobhAgamala jaina vipAkasUtra : eka paricaya : zrI jambUkumAra jaina

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dRSTivAda kA svarUpa aupapAtika sU rAjapraznIya sUtra jIvAjIvAbhigama sUtra prajJApanA sUtra : eka paricaya prajJApanA sUtra : eka samIkSA jambUdvIpaprajJapti sUryaprajJapti - candraprajJapti : eka vivecana : pro. chaganalAla zAstrI nisyAvalikA Adi sUtratraya : zrI dharmacanda jaina puSpacUlikA aura vRSNidazA : sAdhvI DaoN. hemaprabhA 'himAMzu' : nyAyAdhipati zrI zrIkRSNamala loDhA : AcAryapravara zrI hIrAcandra jI ma.sA. : DaoN. yazodharA vAghavANI zAha : AcArya zrI AtmArAma jI ma.sA. : AcArya zrI hastImala jI ma.sA. : DaoN. priyA jaina : DaoN. azoka kumAra siMha : AcArya zrI hastImala jI ma.sA. uttarAdhyayana sUtra uttarAdhyayana sUtra meM vinaya kA vivecana dazavaikAlika sUtra nandIsUtra kA vaiziSTya nandI sUtra aura usakI mahattA anuyogadvAra sUtra dazAzrutaskandha sUtra bRhatkalpasUtra vyavahAra sUtra nizItha sUtra : AcAryapravara zrI hastImala jI ma.sA. : pro. cAMdamala karNAvaTa : zrI sundaralAla jI jaina : zrI prakAza sAlecA Avazyaka sUtra Agama - sAhitya meM prakIrNakoM kA sthAna, zrI prakAzacanda jaina zrI pArasamala saMcetI AcArya zrI devendramuni jI ma. sA. : suzrI mInA boharA : zrI lAlacandra jaina : zrImatI zAntA modI mahattva, racanAkAla evaM racayitAH DaoN. sAgaramala jaina : DaoN. suSamA siMghavI : DaoN. jinendra kumAra jaina : DaoN. cetanaprakAza pATanI prakIrNaka - sAhitya : eka paricaya jainAgamoM kA vyAkhyA - sAhitya SaTkhaNDAgama aura kasAyapAhuDa mUlAcAra : eka paricaya bhagavatI ArAdhanA : DaoN. phUlacanda jaina 'premI' : paM. kailAzacandra zAstrI AcArya kundakunda aura unakI kRtiyA~ : DaoN. prabhAvatI caudharI rtaM tai le le le le le le le le le le le le le De 241 246 253 261 268 273 284 301 311 315 320 347 361 369 375 382 391 408 417 432 441 451 460 475 488 495 501 509

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vibhinna jaina- sampradAyoM meM mAnya Agama vartamAna meM jaina dharma kI pramukha cAra sampradAyeM haiM- digambara, zvetAmbara - mUrtipUjaka, sthAnakavAsI evaM terApantha / inameM zvetAmbara mUrtipUjaka sampradAya ke anusAra 45 athavA 84 Agama mAnya haiN| sthAnakavAsI evaM terApaMtha sampradAya 32 AgamoM ko mAnyatA detI hai| digambara sampradAya inameM se kisI bhI Agama ko mAnya nahIM karatI, usake anusAra SaTkhaNDAgama, kasAyapAhuDa Adi grantha hI Agama haiN| sthAnakavAsI evaM terApaMtha sampradAyoM dvArA mAnya 32 Agama ina donoM sampradAyoM meM samprati 19 aMga, 12 upAMga, 4 mUla, 4 chedasUtra evaM 1 Avazyaka sUtra milAkara 32 Agama svIkRta haiN| inake hindI evaM prAkRta bhASA ke nAma nIce die jA rahe haiM / koSThakavartI nAma prAkRtabhASA meM haiN| 11 aMga 1. AcArAMga (AyAro) 2. sUtrakRtAMga (sUyagaDo) 3. sthAnAMga (ThANaM) 4. samavAyAMga (samavAo) 5. * bhagavatI / vyAkhyAprajJapti (bhagavaI / viyAhapaNNattI) 6. jJAtAdharmakathA (NAyAdhammakahAo) 7. upAsakadazA (uvAsagadasAo) 8. antakRddazA(aMtagaDadasAo) 9. anuttaraupapAtikadazA(anuttarovavAiyadasAo) 10. praznavyAkaraNa (paNhAvAgaraNAI) 11. vipAkasUtra (vivAgasuyaM) noTa- dRSTivAda nAmaka 12 vA~ aMga upalabdha nahIM hai| isakA ullekha nandIsUtra, samavAyAMga evaM sthAnAMga sUtra meM milatA hai| 12 upAMga 1. aupapAtika (uvavAiyaM) 2. rAjapraznIya (rAyapaseNaijjaM) 3. jIvAjIvAbhigama (jIvAjIvAbhigama) 4. prajJApanA (paNNavaNA) 5. jambUdvIpaprajJapti (jambuddIvapaNNattI) 6. candraprajJapti (caMdapaNNattI) 7. sUryaprajJapti (sUrapaNNattI) 8. nirayAvalikA (nirayAvaliyAo) 9. kalpAvataMsikA (kappavaDaMsiyAo)

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10. puSpikA (pupphiyAo) 11. puSpacUlikA (pupphacUlAo) 12. vRSNidazA (vaNhidasAo) 1. uttarAdhyayana (uttarajjhayaNAiM) 2. dazavaikAlika (dasaveyAliyaM) 3. . nandIsUtra (naMdisuttaM) 4. anuyogadvAra (aNuogaddArAI) 1. dazAzrutaskandha (AyAradasAo) 2. bRhatkalpa (kappaM) 3. vyavahAra (vavahAraM) 4. nizItha sUtra (nisIha) jinavANI- jainAgama-sAhitya vizeSAGka 4 mUlasUtra 4 chedasUtra noTa- kalpasUtra aura bRhatkalpa bhinna haiM / kalpasUtra dazAzrutaskandha kA hI eka bhAga hai, jo vikasita huA / battIsavAM sUtra - Avazyaka sUtra ( AvassayaM) 1. uttarAdhyayana 2. dazavaikAlika zvetAmbara mUrtipUjaka sampradAya meM mAnya 45 Agama isa sampradAya meM sammilita kharataragaccha, tapogaccha Adi sabhI upasampradAyeM 45 Agama mAnya karatI haiN| una 45 AgamoM meM 11 aMga, 12 upAMga, 4 mUlasUtra, 6 chedasUtra, 10 prakIrNaka evaM 2 cUlikA sUtroM kI gaNanA kI jAtI hai| 11 aMga sthAnakavAsI evaM terApaMtha sampradAya dvArA mAnya sabhI aMga sUtra | 12 upAMga sthAnakavAsI evaM terApaMtha sampradAya dvArA mAnya sabhI upAMga sUtra / 4 mUlasUtra mUlasUtroM kI saMkhyA evaM nAmoM ke saMbaMdha meM zvetAmbara sampradAya meM ekarUpatA nahIM hai| prAya: nimnAMkita 4 mUlasUtra mAne jAte haiM 3. Avazyaka 4. piNDaniryukti noTa- kucha AcAryoM ne piNDaniryukti ke sAtha oghaniyukti ko bhI mUlasUtra meM mAnA hai evaM ve 'piNDaniryukti -- oghaniyukti' nAma dete haiM /

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vibhinna jaina sampradAyoM meM mAnya Agama 6 chedasUtra sthAnakavAsI evaM terApaMtha paramparA meM mAnya 4 chedasUtra to samAna hI haiM, anya 2 chedasUtra haiM 5. mahAnizItha (mahAnisIha) 6 1. jItakalpa (jIyakappa) 1. catu: zaraNa (causaraNa) 2. AturapratyAkhyAna (AurapaccakkhANa) 3. bhaktaparijJA (bhattapariNNA) 4. saMstAraka (saMthAraya) 5. taMdula vaicArika (taMDulaveyAliya) 6. candravedhyaka (caMdavejjhaya) 7. devendrastava (deviMdatthaya) 8. gaNividyA (gaNivijjA) 9. mahApratyAkhyAna (mahApaccakkhANa) 10. vIrastava ( vIratthaya) noTa- kahIM kahIM para vIrastava ke sthAna para isa gaNanA meM maraNavidhi kA nAma liyA jAtA hai| 2 cUlikA sUtra 1. nandIsUtra 2. anuyogadvAra 84 Agama (zvetAmbara mUrtipUjaka paramparA meM mAnya) pUrvokta 45 Agama + 20 anya prakIrNaka sUtra + 10 niyuktiyA~ + 9 anya grantha = 84 Agama / 10 prakIrNaka sUtra 20 anya prakIrNaka ( uparyukta 10 prakIrNakoM ko milAkara 30 1. RSibhASita 3. gacchAcAra 5. titthogAliya 7. dvIpasAgaraprajJapti 9. aMgavidyA 11. sArAvalI 13. piNDavizuddhi 15. yoniprAbhRta 17. baMgacUlikA 19. jambUpayannA prakIrNaka mAnya) 1 2. ajIvakalpa 4. maraNasamAdhi 6. ArAdhanApatAkA 8. jyotiSkaraNDaka 10. siddhaprAbhRta . jIvavibhakti paryanta-ArAdhanA 12. 14. 16. aMgacUlikA 18. vRddhacatuH zaraNa 20. kalpasUtra

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ra jinavANI- jainAgama-sAhitya vizeSAGaka | 10 niyuktiyA~ 1. Avazyaniyukti 2. dazavaikAlikaniyukti 3. uttarAdhyayananiyukti 4. AcArAMganiyukti 5. sUtrakRtAMganiyukti 6. sUryaprajJaptiniyukti 7. bRhatkalpaniyukti 8. vyavahAraniyukti 9. dazAzrutaskandhaniyukti 10. RSibhASitaniyukti 9 anya grantha 1. yatijItakalpa 2. zrAddhajItakalpa 3. pAkSikasUtra 4. kSamApanAsUtra 5. vandittu 6.tithiprakaraNa 7. kavacaprakaraNa 8. saMsaktaniyukti 9. vizeSAvazyakabhASya digambara sampradAya mAnya Agama ___ digambara sampradAya dvArA mAnya grantha harivaMzapurANa evaM dhavalATIkA meM 12 aMgoM evaM 14 aMgabAhyoM kA ullekha hai| aMgabAhyoM meM sarvaprathama sAmAyika Adi cha: AvazyakoM kA ullekha hai, tatpazcAt dazavaikAlika, uttarAdhyayana, kalpavyavahAra, kalpikAkalpika, mahAkalpa, puNDarIka, mahApuNDarIka evaM nizItha kA ullekha hai| digambara paramparA ke anusAra inameM se abhI koI bhI Agama upalabdha nahIM hai| isalie jina AgamoM ko Agama kI zreNI meM rakhate haiM, unameM se pramukha nAma haiM1. SaTakhaNDAgama 2. kaSAyaprAbhRta 3. mUlAcAra 4. bhagavatI ArAdhanA 5. AcArya kundakunda ke grantha- samayasAra, pravacanacAra, paMcAstikAya, niyamasAra, aSTapAhuDa aadi| 6. anya grantha- tiloyapaNNatti (yativRSabha), aMgapaNNatti, jambUdvIpa paNNatti, gommaTasAra, kSapaNasAra evaM loka vibhaag| yApanIya sampradAya ke mAnya Agama zvetAmbara evaM digambara sampradAya ke atirikta yApanIya sampradAya kA bhI eka sahana varSa kI avadhi taka astitva rahA hai| yaha sampradAya zvetAmbaroM ke strImukti, kevali bhukti Adi siddhAntoM ko svIkAra karane ke sAtha muni kI acelatA ko lekara digambara paramparA kA anusaraNa karatI hai| isa sampradAya ke sAhitya ke anusAra AcArAMga, sUtrakRtAMga, * uttarAdhyayana, dazavaikAlika, kalpa, nizItha, vyavahAra, Avazyaka Adi Agama mAnya the| AgamoM ke viccheda hone kI digambara mAnyatA yApanIya saMgha ke AcAryoM ko svIkArya nahIM thii|

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vibhinna jaina sampradAyoM meM mAnya Agama DaoN. sAgaramala jaina ne 'jainadharma kA yApanIya sampradAya' pustaka SaTkhaNDAgama, kasAyapAhuDa, mUlAcAra evaM bhagavatI ArAdhanA ko yApanIya sampradAya ke grantha siddha kiyA hai| ve inheM digambara grantha nahIM mAnakara yApanIya grantha mAnate haiN| AgamoM ke saMbaMdha meM katipaya bindu * artharUpa prarUpaNa kI dRSTi se sabhI tIrthaMkaroM ke Agama eka jaise hote haiM, isa dRSTi se AgamoM ko zAzvata bhI kahA jAtA hai, kintu zabda kI dRSTi se pratyeka tIrthaMkara ke kAla meM AgamoM kA grathana yA nirmANa kiyA jAtA hai / vartamAna meM upalabdha aMga- Agama gaNadhara sudharmAsvAmI dvArA grathita haiM, kintu upAMga, mUla, cheda Adi aMgabAhya sUtra sthavira kRta haiN| smaraNazakti meM AyI zithilatA ke kAraNa ina AgamoM kI pA~ca bAra vAcanAe~ huI / antima vAcanA devarddhigaNa kSamAzramaNa ke samaya vIra nirvANa saMvat 980 meM huii| unhoMne vAcanA ke antargata AgamoM kA sarvathA nayA lekhana nahIM kiyA, parantu pUrva pracalita AgamoM ko hI lipibaddha kraayaa| jahA~ Avazyaka thA vahA~ sampAdana bhI kiyaa| digambara paramparA bhale hI zvetAmbara AgamoM ko mAnya nahIM karatI ho, kintu strImukti, kevalibhukti Adi do-cAra bAtoM ko chor3akara zvetAmbaroM evaM digambaroM meM koI matabheda nahIM hai| isI prakAra zvetAmbara mUrtipUjakoM ke sAtha terApaMtha evaM sthAnakavAsiyoM kA mUrtipUjA ke bindu ke atirikta koI vizeSa matabheda nahIM hai / sthAnakavAsiyoM evaM terApaMthiyoM ke to Agama pUrNata: samAna haiM / inameM jo matabheda ubharakara Ate haiM, ve vyAkhyAgata matabheda haiN| jainadarzana ke sabhI sampradAyoM meM mUla dArzanika mAnyatAoM meM prAyaH ekarUpatA hai, jo bheda hai vaha AcAragata bheda hai| vaha AcAra sambandhI bheda hI phira dArzanika rUpa se vikasita hue haiN| AgamoM kA adhyayana sabake lie samAna rUpa se upAdeya hai| eka dUsare kI paramparA ke AgamoM kA adhyayana karane se mithyAtva nahIM lagatA hai| mithyAtva to dRSTi meM hotA hai, usase bacanA caahie| AgamoM meM se bhI jIvana-zodhaka tattvoM ko grahaNa karane kI dRSTi rahanI cAhie, unameM AyI katipaya bAtoM ko chor3akara paraspara vivAda nahIM karanA caahie| AgamoM kA adhyayana to jIvana ko AdhyAtmika dRSTi se unnata banAtA hai| AgamoM meM saMskRti, itihAsa, khagola, bhUgola, darzana, sAhitya- zAstra, kalA, manovijJAna, prANizAstra, vanaspativijJAna, bhautika zAstra Adi vividha viSayoM kI bhI jAnakArI milatI hai| -sampAdaka

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jaina Agama-sAhitya : eka dRSTipAta @AcArya zrI devendra muni zAstrI Agama-sAhitya vizvavAGmaya kI anamola nidhi hai| isameM jIvana ke AdhyAtmika unnayana kA pathapradarzana to milatA hI hai sAtha hI saMskati itihAsa khagola, gaNitakalA Adi vividha viSayoM kI bhI carcA AgamoM meM huI hai| AgamoM ke saMbaMdha meM anekavidha jijJAsAe~ ho sakatI haiM, unameM se katipaya kA samAdhAna prastuta lekha meM huA hai| AgamoM ke mahattva. vargIkaraNa. niryahaNa Agama, bhASA, Agama-viccheda. lekhana Adi ke saMbaMdha meM yaha lekha sAragarbhita jAnakArI se paripUrNa hai| prastuta lekha AcArya zrI devendramuni jI kI laghukRti (TrekTa) "jainAgama sAhitya : eka parizIlana' se saMkalita kiyA gayA hai| AcArya zrI devendramuni jI kI Agama viSayaka eka prasiddha kRti hai- "jaina Agama sAhitya : manana aura miimaaNsaa| vistRta adhyayana ke lie pAThaka usa pustaka kA avalokana kara sakate haiN| -sampAdaka Agama sAhitya kA mahattva jaina Agama-sAhitya bhAratIya-sAhitya kI anamola upalabdhi hai, anupama nidhi hai aura jJAna vijJAna kA akSaya bhaNDAra hai| akSara-deha se vaha jitanA vizAla aura virAT hai usase bhI kahIM adhika usakA sUkSma evaM gambhIra cintana vizada va mahAn hai| jainAgamoM kA parizIlana karane se sahaja hI jJAta hotA hai ki yahAM kevala kamanIya kalpanA ke gagana meM viharaNa nahIM kiyA gayA hai, na buddhi ke sAtha khilavAr3a hI kiyA gayA hai aura na anya mata-matAntaroM kA nirAkaraNa hI kiyA gayA hai| jainAgama jIvana ke kSetra meM nayA svara, nayA sAja aura nayA zilpa lekara utarate haiN| unhoMne jIvana kA sajIva, yathArtha va ujAgara dRSTikoNa prastuta kiyA hai, jIvanotthAna kI prabala preraNA pradAna kI hai, AtmA kI zAzvata sattA kA udghoSa kiyA hai aura usakI sarvocca vizuddhi kA patha pradarzita kiyA hai| usake sAdhana rUpa meM tyAga, vairAgya aura saMyama se jIvana ko camakAne kA saMdeza diyA hai| saMyamasAdhanA, Atma-ArAdhanA aura manonigraha kA upadeza diyA hai| jaina AgamoM ke puraskartA kevala dArzanika hI nahIM, apitu mahAn va saphala sAdhaka rahe haiN| unhoMne ahiMsA, satya, asteya, brahmacarya aura aparigraha kI sAdhanA kI, kaThora tapa kI ArAdhanA kI aura antara meM jJAnAvaraNIya, darzanAvaraNIya, mohanIya aura antarAya karmoM ko naSTa kara AtmA meM ananta pAramAtmika aizvarya ke darzana kiye| usake pazcAt unhoMne sabhI jIvoM kI rakSA rUpa dayA ke lie pravacana kie| Atma-sAdhanA kA navanIta jana-jana ke samakSa prastuta kiyaa| yahI kAraNa hai ki jainAgamoM meM jisa prakAra Atma-sAdhanA kA vaijJAnika aura kramabaddha varNana upalabdha hotA hai, vaisA kisI bhI prAcIna paurvAtya aura pAzcAttya vicAraka ke sAhitya meM nahIM miltaa| vedoM meM AdhyAtmika cintana nagaNya hai aura loka cintana adhik| usameM jitanA

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|jaina Agama-sAhitya : eka dRSTipAta : devastuti kA svara mukharita hai, utanA Atma-sAdhanA kA nhiiN| upaniSad AdhyAtmika cintana kI ora avazya hI agrasara hae haiM, kintu unakA brahmavAda aura AdhyAtmika vicAraNA itanI adhika dArzanika hai ki use sarva sAdhAraNa ke lie samajhanA kaThina hI nahIM, kaThinatara hai| jainAgamoM kI taraha Atma-sAdhanA kA anubhUta mArga unameM nahIM hai| DaoNkTara harmana jekobI, DaoNkTara zubriga prabhRti pAzcAttya vicAraka bhI yaha satya tathya eka svara se svIkAra karate haiM ki jainAgamoM meM darzana aura jIvana kA, AcAra aura vicAra kA, bhAvanA aura karttavya kA jaisA sundara samanvaya huA hai, vaisA anya sAhitya meM durlabha hai| Agama ke paryAyavAcI zabda __ mUla vaidika zAstroM ko jaise 'veda', bauddha zAstroM ko jaise 'piTaka' kahA jAtA hai vaise hI jaina zAstroM ko 'zruta', 'sUtra' yA 'Agama' kahA jAtA hai| Ajakala 'Agama' zabda kA prayoga adhika hone lagA hai kintu atIta kAla meM 'zruta kevalI', 'zruta sthavira' zabdoM kA prayoga AgamoM meM aneka sthaloM para huA hai, kahIM para bhI Agama-kevalI yA Agama-sthavira kA prayoga nahIM huA hai| sUtra, grantha, siddhAnta, pravacana, AjJA, vacana, upadeza, prajJApana, Agama, Aptavacana, aitihya, AmnAya, jinavacana aura zruta ye sabhI Agama ke hI paryAyavAcI zabda haiN| Agama kI paribhASA 'Agama' zabda- 'A' upasarga aura 'gam' dhAtu se niSpanna huA hai| 'A' upasarga kA artha 'samantAt' arthAt pUrNa hai aura 'gam' dhAtu kA artha gati prApti hai| 'Agama' zabda kI aneka paribhASAe~ AcAryoM ne kI haiN| 'jisase vastu tattva (padArtha rahasya) kA paripUrNa jJAna ho, vaha Agama hai| jo tattva AcAra-paramparA se vAsita hokara AtA hai, vaha Agama hai| Apta vacana se utpanna artha (padArtha) jJAna Agama kahA jAtA hai| upacAra se Aptavacana bhI Agama mAnA jAtA hai| Apta kA kathana Agama hai| jisase sahI zikSA prApta hotI hai, vizeSa jJAna upalabdha hotA hai vaha zAstra Agama yA zrutajJAna kahalAtA hai| isa prakAra 'Agama' zabda samagra zruti kA paricAyaka hai, para jaina dRSTi se vaha vizeSa granthoM ke lie vyavahRta hotA hai| jaina dRSTi se Apta kauna hai? prastuta prazna ke uttara meM kahA gayA hai ki jinhoMne rAga-dveSa ko jIta liyA hai ve jina, tIrthakara, sarvajJa bhagavAn Apta haiM aura unakA upadeza evaM vANI hI jainAgama hai, kyoMki unameM vaktA ke sAkSAt darzana evaM vItarAgatA ke kAraNa doSa kI saMbhAvanA nahIM hotI aura na

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|8 jinavANI- jainAgama-sAhitya vizeSAGka | pUrvApara virodha tathA yuktibAdha hI hotA hai| niyuktikAra bhadrabAhu kahate hai- 'tapa-niyama jJAna rUpa vRkSa ke Upara ArUDha hokara anantajJAnI kevalI bhagavAna bhavyAtmAoM ke vibodha ke lie jJAnakusumoM kI vRSTi karate haiN| gaNadhara apane buddhi-paTa meM una sakala kusumoM ko jhelakara pravacanamAlA gUMthate haiN| tIrthakara kevala artha rUpa meM upadeza dete haiM aura gaNadhara use granthabaddha yA sUtrabaddha karate haiN| arthAtmaka grantha ke praNetA tIrthakara hote haiN| etadartha AgamoM meM yatra tatra 'tassa NaM ayamaThe paNNatte' (samavAya) zabda kA prayoga huA hai| jaina AgamoM ko tIrthaMkara praNIta kahA jAtA hai| yahA~ para yaha vismaraNa nahIM honA cAhie ki jainAgamoM kI prAmANikatA kevala gaNadharakRta hone se hI nahIM hai, apitu usake artha prarUpaka tIrthakara kI vItarAgatA evaM sarvArtha sAkSAtkAritva ke kAraNa hai| jaina anuzruti ke anusAra gaNadhara ke samAna hI anya pratyeka buddha nirUpita Agama bhI pramANa rUpa hote haiN| gaNadhara kevala dvAdazAMgI kI hI racanA karate haiN| aMga bAhya AgamoM kI racanA sthavira karate haiN| yaha bhI mAnA jAtA hai ki gaNadhara sarvaprathama tIrthaMkara bhagavAna ke samakSa yaha jijJAsA abhivyakta karate haiM ki bhagavana! tattva kyA hai? 'bhagavaM ki tattaM?' uttara meM bhagavAna unheM 'uppannei vA, vigamei vA, dhuvei vA' yaha tripadI pradAna karate haiN| tripadI ke phala svarUpa ve jina AgamoM kA nirmANa karate haiM ve Agama aMgapraviSTa kahalAte hai aura zeSa racanAe~ aNgbaahy| dvAdazAMgI avazya hI gaNadhara kRta hai, kyoMki vaha tripadI se udbhUta hotI hai, kintu gaNadhara kRta samasta racanAeM aMga meM nahIM aatii| tripadI ke binA jo mukta vyAkaraNa se racanAeM hotI haiM ve cAhe gaNadharakRta hoM yA sthavirakRta, aMgabAhya kahalAtI haiN| sthavira do prakAra ke hote haiM- 1. sampUrNa zrutajJAnI aura 2. dshpuurvii| sampUrNa zrutajJAnI caturdazapUrvI hote haiN| ve sUtra aura artha rUpa se sampUrNa dvAdazAMgI rUpa jinAgama ke jJAtA hote haiN| ve jo kucha bhI kahate haiM yA likhate haiM usakA kiMcit mAtra bhI virodha mUla jinAgama se nahIM hotaa| etadartha hI 'bRhatkalpabhASya' meM kahA gayA hai ki jisa bAta ko tIrthakara ne kahA hai usa bAta ko zrutakevalI bhI kaha sakatA hai| zrutakevalI bhI kevalI ke sadRza hI hotA hai| usameM aura kevalI meM vizeSa antara nahIM hotaa| kevalI samagratva ko pratyakSarUpeNa jAnate haiM, zrutakevalI usI samagratva ko parokSarUpeNa zrutajJAna dvArA jAnate haiN| etadartha unake vacana bhI prAmANika hone kA eka kAraNa yaha bhI hai ki dazapUrvadhara aura usase adhika pUrvadhara sAdhaka niyamata: samyag dRSTi hote haiN| 'tameva saccaM NIsaMkaM jaM jiNehiM paveiyaM' tathA 'NiggaMthe pAvayaNe aDhe, ayaM paramaThe, sese aNaDhe' unakA mukhya ghoSa hotA hai| ve sadA nirgrantha pravacana ko Age karake hI calate haiN| etadartha unake dvArA racita granthoM meM

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| jaina Agama-sAhitya : eka dRSTipAta 9| dvAdazAMgI se viruddha tathyoM kI saMbhAvanA nahIM hotI, unakA kathana dvAdazAMgI se aviruddha hotA hai| ata: unake dvArA racita granthoM ko bhI Agama ke samAna prAmANika mAnA gayA hai| parantu yaha smaraNa rakhanA cAhie ki unameM svata: prAmANya nahIM, parata: prAmANya hai| unakA parIkSaNa-prastara dvAdazAMgI hai| anya sthaviroM dvArA racita granthoM kI prAmANikatA aura aprAmANikatA kA mApadaNDa bhI yahI hai ki ve jinezvara devoM kI vANI ke anukUla haiM to prAmANika aura pratikUla haiM to apraamaannik| pUrva aura aMga jaina AgamoM kA prAcInatama vargIkaraNa "samavAyAMga' meM milatA hai| vahAM Agama sAhitya kA 'pUrva' aura 'aMga' ke rUpa meM vibhAjana kiyA gayA hai| pUrva saMkhyA kI dRSTi se caudaha the aura aMga baarh| pUrva-pUrva' zruta va Agama-sAhitya kI anupama maNimaMjUSA hai| koI bhI viSaya aisA nahIM hai jisa para pUrva sAhitya' meM vicAra carcA na kI gaI ho| pUrva zruta ke artha aura racanAkAla ke saMbaMdha meM vijJoM ke vibhinna mata haiN| AcArya abhayadeva Adi ke abhimatAnusAra dvAdazAMgI se prathama pUrva sAhitya nirmita kiyA gayA thaa| isI se usakA nAma pUrva rakhA gayA hai| kucha cintakoM kA yaha mantavya hai ki pUrva bhagavAna pArzvanAtha kI paramparA kI zruta rAzi hai| zramaNa bhagavAna mahAvIra se pUrvavartI hone ke kAraNa yaha 'pUrva' kahA gayA hai| jo ho, itanA to spaSTa hai ki pUrvo kI racanA dvAdazAMgI se pahale huii| vartamAna meM pUrva dvAdazAMgI se pRthak nahIM mAne jAte haiN| dRSTivAda bArahavAM aMga hai| pUrvagata usI kA eka vibhAga hai tathA caudaha pUrva isI pUrvagata ke antargata haiN| jaba taka AcArAMga Adi aMga sAhitya kA nirmANa nahIM huA thA, taba taka bhagavAna mahAvIra kI zruta rAzi caudaha pUrva yA dRSTivAda ke nAma se hI pahacAnI jAtI thii| jaba AcAra prabhRti gyAraha aMgoM kA nirmANa ho gayA taba dRSTivAda ko bArahaveM aMga ke rUpa meM sthAna de diyA gyaa| ___ Agama-sAhitya meM dvAdaza aMgoM ko paDhane vAle aura caudaha pUrva par3hane vAle donoM prakAra ke sAdhakoM kA varNana milatA haiM, kintu donoM kA tAtparya eka hI hai| jo caturdaza pUrvI hote the ve dvAdazAMgavit bhI hote the| aMga-jaina, bauddha aura vaidika tInoM hI bhAratIya paramparAoM meM 'aMga' zabda kA prayoga huA hai| jaina paramparA meM usakA prayoga mukhya Agama-grantha gaNipiTaka ke artha meM huA hai| 'duvAlasaMge gaNipiDage' kahA gayA hai| bAraha aMga haiM 1. AcAra 2. sUtrakRta 3. sthAna 4. samavAya 5. bhagavatI 6. jJAtAdharma kathA 7. upAsakadazA 8. antakRtdazA 9. anuttaraupapAtika 10. praznavyAkaraNa 11. vipAka aura 12. dRssttivaad|

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10 jinavANI- jainAgama-sAhitya vizeSAGka AcAra prabhRti Agama zruta puruSa ke aMgasthAnIya hone se bhI aMga kahalAte haiN| aMgapraviSTa aura aMgabAhya 1 AgamoM kA dUsarA vargIkaraNa devarddhigaNI kSamAzramaNa ke samaya kA unhoMne AgamoM ko aMgapraviSTa aura aMgabAhya ina do bhAgoM meM vibhakta kiyA / aMgapraviSTa aura aMgabAhya kA vizleSaNa karate hue jinabhadragaNI kSamAzramaNa ne tIna hetu batalAye haiN| aMgapraviSTa zruta vaha hai1. jo gaNadhara ke dvArA sUtra rUpa se banAyA huA hotA hai| 2. . jo gaNadhara ke dvArA prazna karane para tIrthaMkara ke dvArA pratipAdita hotA hai| 3. jo zAzvata satyoM se saMbaMdhita hone ke kAraNa dhruva evaM sudIrghakAlIna hotA hai| etadartha hI 'samavAyAMga' evaM 'nandIsUtra' meM spaSTa kahA haidvAdazAMgabhUta gaNipiTika kabhI nahIM thA, aisA nahIM hai, kabhI nahIM hai, aura kabhI nahIM hogA, yaha bhI nahIM / vaha thA, aura hogaa| vaha dhruva hai, niyata hai, zAzvata hai, akSaya hai, avyaya hai, avasthita hai aura nitya hai / aMgabAhya zruta vaha hotA hai jo sthavira kRta hotA hai| vaktA ke bheda kI dRSTi se bhI aMgapraviSTa aura aMgabAhya do bheda kiye gaye haiN| jisa Agama ke mUla vaktA tIrthakara hoM aura saMkalana kartA gaNadhara ho vaha aMga praviSTa hai| pUjyapAda ne vaktA ke tIna prakAra batalAye haiM- 1. tIrthaMkara 2 zruta kevalI 3. ArAtIya / AcArya akalaMka ne kahA hai ki ArAtIya AcAryoM ke dvArA nirmita Agama aMga pratipAdita artha ke nikaTa yA anukUla hone ke kAraNa aMga bAhya kahalAte haiN| 'samavAyAMga' aura 'anuyogadvAra' meM to kevala dvAdazAMgI kA hI nirUpaNa hai kintu 'nandI sUtra' meM aMga praviSTa, aMga bAhya kA to bheda kiyA hI gayA hai, sAtha hI aMga bAhya ke Avazyaka, Avazyaka vyatirikta, kAlika aura utkAlika rUpa meM Agama kI sampUrNa zAkhAoM kA paricaya diyA gayA hai| anuyoga viSaya sAdRzya kI dRSTi se prastuta vargIkaraNa kiyA gayA hai| vyAkhyA krama kI dRSTi se AgamoM ke do rUpa hote haiM 1. apRthaktvAnuyoga 2. pRthaktvAnuyoga thA / AryarakSita se pahale apRthaktvAnuyoga kA pracalana apRthaktvAnuyoga meM hara eka sUtra kI vyAkhyA caraNakaraNa, dharma, gaNita aura dravya kI dRSTi se hotI thii| yaha vyAkhyA atyadhika kliSTa aura smRti sApekSa thii| AryarakSita ke cAra mukhya ziSya the- 1. durbalikA puSyamitra 2. phalgu

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| jaina Agama-sAhitya : eka dRSTipAtA / rakSita 3. vidhya aura 4. gosstthaamaahil| unake ziSyoM meM vindhya prabala medhAvI thaa| usane AcArya se abhyarthanA kI ki sahapATa se atyadhika vilamba hotA hai ata: aisA prabandha kareM ki mujhe zIghra pATha mila jaae| AcArya ke Adeza se durbalikA puSyamitra ne use vAcanA dene kA kArya apane Upara liyaa| adhyayanakrama calatA rhaa| samayAbhAva ke kAraNa durbalikA puSyamitra apanA svAdhyAya vyavasthita rUpa se nahIM kara ske| ve nauveM pUrva ko bhUlane lage, to AcArya ne socA ki prabala pratibhA sampanna durbalikA puSyamitra kI bhI yaha sthiti hai to alpa medhAvI muni kisa prakAra smaraNa rakha sakeMge? pUrvokta kAraNa se AcArya AryarakSita ne pRthaktvAnayoga kA pravartana kiyaa| cAra anuyogoM kI dRSTi se unhoMne AgamoM kA vargIkaraNa bhI kiyaa| ___'sUtrakRtAMga cUrNi' ke abhimatAnusAra apRthaktvAnuyoga ke samaya pratyeka sUtra kI vyAkhyA caraNa karaNa, dharma, gaNita aura dravya Adi anuyoga kI dRSTi se va sapta naya kI dRSTi se kI jAtI thI, kintu pRthaktvAnuyoga ke samaya cAroM anuyogoM kI vyAkhyAe~ alaga-alaga kI jAne lgii| ___ yaha vargIkaraNa karane para bhI yaha bheda-rekhA nahIM khIMcI jA sakatI ki anya AgamoM meM bhinna varNana nahIM hai| uttarAdhyayana meM dharma kathAoM ke atirikta dArzanika tattva bhI paryApta rUpa se haiN| bhagavatI sUtra to sabhI viSayoM kA mahAsAgara hai hii| AcArAMga Adi meM bhI yahI bAta hai| sArAMza yaha hai ki kucha AgamoM ko chor3akara zeSa AgamoM meM cAroM anuyogoM kA sammizraNa hai| etadartha prastuta vargIkaraNa sthUla vargIkaraNa hI rhaa| digambara sAhitya meM ina cAra anuyogoM kA varNana kucha rUpAntara se milatA hai| unake nAma isa prakAra haiM- 1. prathamAnuyoga 2. karaNAnuyoga 3. caraNAnuyoga 4. drvyaanuyog| prathamAnuyoga meM mahApuruSoM kA jIvana caritra hai| karaNAnuyoga meM lokAlokavibhakti, kAla, gaNita Adi kA varNana hai| caraNAnuyoga meM AcAra kA nirUpaNa hai aura dravyAnuyoga meM dravya, guNa, paryAya, tattva Adi kA vizleSaNa hai| digambara paramparA AgamoM ko lupta mAnatI hai ataeva prathamAnuyoga meM mahApurANa aura anya purANa, karaNAnuyoga meM triloka-prajJapti, triloka-sAra, caraNAnuyoga meM mUlAcAra aura dravyAnuyoga meM pravacanasAra, gommaTasAra Adi kA samAveza kiyA gayA hai| zrImad rAjacandra ne cAroM anuyogoM kA AdhyAtmika upayoga batAte hue likhA hai--- 'yadi mana zaMkAzIla ho gayA hai to dravyAnuyoga kA cintana karanA cAhiye, pramAda meM par3a gayA hai to caraNa karaNAnuyoga kA, kaSAya se abhibhUta hai to dharma kathAnuyoga kA aura jar3atA prApta kara rahA hai to gaNitAnuyoga kaa|' anuyogoM kI tulanA vaidika-sAdhanA ke vibhinna pakSoM ke sAtha kI

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[12T HER jinavANI- jainAgama-sAhitya vizeSAGakA jAya to dravyAnuyoga kA saMbaMdha jJAnayoga se hai, caraNakaraNAnuyoga kA karmayoga se, dharma kathAnuyoga kA bhakti yoga se| gaNitAnuyoga mana ko ekAgra karane kI praNAlI hone se rAjayoga se milatA hai| aMga, upAMga, mUla aura cheda AgamoM kA sabase uttaravartI caturtha vargIkaraNa hai-aMga, upAMga, mUla aura cheda / nandI sUtrakAra ne mUla aura cheda ye do vibhAga nahIM kiye haiM aura na vahAM para 'upAMga' zabda kA hI prayoga huA hai| 'upAMga' zabda bhI 'nandI' ke pazcAt hI vyavahata huA hai| 'nandI' meM 'upAMga' ke artha meM hI aMgabAhya zabda AyA hai| AcArya umAsvAti ne, jinakA samaya paM. sukhalAlajI saMghavI ne vikrama kI pahalI zatAbdI se caturtha zatAbdI ke madhya mAnA hai, 'tattvArthabhASya' meM aMga ke sAtha upAMga zabda kA prayoga kiyA hai| 'upAMga' se unakA tAtparya aMgabAhya AgamoM se hI hai| AcArya zrIcandra ne, jinakA samaya I. 1112 se pUrva mAnA jAtA hai, unhoMne 'sukhabodhA samAcArI' kI racanA kii| usameM unhoMne Agama ke svAdhyAya kI tapovidhi kA varNana karate hue aMgabAhya ke artha meM 'upAMga' zabda prayukta kiyA hai| AcArya jinaprabha, jinhoMne I. 1306 meM 'vidhimArgaprapA' grantha pUrNa kiyA thA, unhoMne usameM AgamoM ke svAdhyAya kI tapovidhi kA varNana karate hue 'iyANiM uvaMgA' likhakara jisa aMga kA jo upAMga hai, usakA nirdeza kiyA hai| jinaprabha ne 'vAyaNAvihI' kI utthAnikA meM jo vAkya diyA hai, usameM bhI upAMga vibhAga kA ullekha huA hai| paNDita becaradAsajI dozI kA abhimata hai ki cUrNi sAhitya meM bhI 'upAMga' zabda kA prayoga huA hai, kintu sarvaprathama kisane kiyA, yaha anveSaNa kA viSaya hai| mUla aura cheda sUtroM kA vibhAga kisa samaya huA, yaha nizcita rUpa se to nahIM kahA jA sakatA, kintu itanA spaSTa hai ki 'dazavaikAlika', 'uttarAdhyayana' Adi kI niyukti, cUrNi aura vRttiyoM meM mUla sUtra ke saMbaMdha meM kiMcit mAtra bhI carcA nahIM kI gaI hai| isase yaha dhvanita hotA hai ki gyArahavIM zatAbdI taka 'mUla sUtra' isa prakAra kA vibhAga nahIM huA thaa| yadi huA hotA to avazya hI usakA ullekha ina granthoM meM hotaa| ___ zrAvaka vidhi' ke lekhaka dhanapAla ne, jinakA samaya vikrama kI gyArahavIM zatAbdI mAnA jAtA hai, apane grantha meM paiMtAlIsa AgamoM kA nirdeza kiyA hai aura 'vicArasAra-prakaraNa' ke lekhaka pradyumnasUri ne bhI, jinakA samaya vikrama kI terahavIM zatAbdI hai, paiMtAlIsa AgamoM kA to nirdeza kiyA WW

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jaina Agama sAhitya : eka dRSTipAta hai, para mUlasUtra ke rUpa meM vibhAga nahIM kiyA hai| vikrama saMvat 1334 meM nirmita 'prabhAvaka caritra' meM sarvaprathama aMga, upAMga, mUla aura cheda kA vibhAga milatA hai aura usake pazcAt upAdhyAya samayasundara gaNI ne bhI 'samAcArI zataka' meM usakA ullekha kiyA hai| phalitArtha yaha hai ki mUla sUtra vibhAga kI sthApanA terahavIM zatAbdI ke uttarArddha meM ho cukI thii| 'dazavaikAlika', 'uttarAdhyayana' Adi AgamoM ko 'mUlasUtra' yaha abhidhA kyoM dI gaI, isake saMbaMdha meM vibhinna vijJoM ne vibhinna kalpanAe~ kI 1 13 pro. vinTaranitja kA mantavya hai ki ina AgamoM para aneka TIkAe~ haiM / inase mUla grantha kA pRthakkaraNa karane ke lie inheM mUlasUtra kahA gayA hai| kintu unakA yaha tarka vajanadAra nahIM hai kyoMki unhoMne 'piNDaniryukti' ko mUlasUtra meM mAnA hai jabaki usakI aneka TIkAe~ nahIM haiN| DaoN. sArapenTiyara, DaoN. gyArIno aura prophesara paTavarddhana Adi kA abhimata hai ki ina AgamoM meM bhagavAna mahAvIra ke mUla zabdoM kA saMgraha hai, etadartha inheM mUlasUtra kahA gayA hai| kintu unakA yaha kathana bhI yukti-yukta pratIta nahIM hotA kyoMki bhagavAna mahAvIra ke mUla zabdoM ke kAraNa hI kisI Agama ko mUlasUtra mAnA jAtA hai to sarvaprathama 'AcArAMga' ke prathama zrutaskandha ko mUla mAnanA cAhiye, kyoMki vahI bhagavAna mahAvIra ke mUla zabdoM kA sabase prAcIna saMkalana hai| hamAre mantavyAnusAra jina AgamoM meM mukhya rUpa se zramaNa ke AcAra saMbaMdhI mUla guNoM, mahAvrata, samiti, gupti Adi kA nirUpaNa hai aura jo zramaNa jIvanacaryA meM mUlarUpa se sahAyaka banate haiM aura jina AgamoM kA adhyayana zramaNa ke lie sarvaprathama apekSita hai, unheM mUlasUtra kahA gayA hai| hamAre isa kathana ki puSTi isa bAta se bhI hotI hai ki pUrvakAla meM AgamoM kA adhyayana 'AcArAMga' se prArambha hotA thaa| jaba 'dazavaikAlika' sUtra kA nirmANa ho gayA to sarvaprathama 'dazavaikAlika' kA adhyayana karAyA jAne lagA aura usake pazcAt 'uttarAdhyayana' par3hAyA jAne lgaa| pahale 'AcArAMga' ke 'zastra parijJA' prathama adhyayana se zaikSa kI upasthApanA kI jAtI thI parantu 'dazavaikAlika' kI racanA hone ke pazcAt usake caturtha adhyayana se upasthApanA kI jAne lgii| mUlasUtroM kI saMkhyA ke saMbaMdha meM bhI mataikya nahIM hai / samayasundara gaNI ne 1. dazavaikAlika 2. ogha niryukti 3. piNDaniryukti aura 4. uttarAdhyayana, ye cAra mUlasUtra mAne haiN| bhAvaprabhasUri ne 1. uttarAdhyana 2. Avazyaka 3. piNDaniryukti- oghaniyukti aura 4. dazavaikAlika ye cAra malasatra mAne haiN|

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[14 jinavANI- jainAgama-sAhitya vizeSAGakA pro. bevara aura pro. bUlara ne 1. uttarAdhyayana, 2. Avazyaka evaM 3. dazavaikAlika ko mUlasUtra kahA hai| DaoN. sArapenTiyara, DaoN. vinTaranitja aura DaoN.gyArIno ne 1. uttarAdhyayana 2. Avazyaka 3. dazavakAlika evaM 4. piNDaniyukti ko mUlasUtra mAnA hai| DaoN. zubriga ne uttarAdhyayana, dazavaikAlika, Avazyaka, piNDaniyukti aura oghaniyukti ko mUlasUtra kI saMjJA dI hai| sthAnakavAsI aura terApaMthI sampradAya uttarAdhyayana, dazavaikAlika, nandIsUtra aura anuyogadvAra ko mUlasUtra mAnate haiN| kahA jA cukA hai ki 'mUla' sUtra kI taraha 'cheda' sUtra kA nAmollekha bhI 'nandIsUtra' meM nahIM huA hai| 'chedasUtra' kA sabase prathama prayoga 'Avazyaka niyukti' meM huA hai| usake pazcAt 'vizeSAvazyaka bhASya' aura 'nizItha bhASya' Adi meM bhI yaha zabda vyavahata huA hai| tAtparya yaha hai ki hama 'Avazyaka niyukti' ko yadi jyotirvida varAhamihira ke bhrAtA dvitIya bhadrabAhu kI kRti mAnate haiM to ve vikrama kI chaThI zatAbdI meM hue haiN| unhoMne isakA prayoga kiyA hai| spaSTa hai ki 'cheda sutta' zabda kA prayoga 'mUla sutta' se pahale huA hai| amuka AgamoM ko 'cheda sUtra' yaha abhidhA kyoM dI gaI? isa prazna kA uttara prAcIna granthoM meM sIdhA aura spaSTa prApta nahIM hai| hA~, yaha spaSTa hai ki jina sUtroM ko 'cheda sutta' kahA gayA hai, ve prAyazcitta sUtra haiN| 'sthAnAMga' meM zramaNoM ke lie pA~ca cAritroM kA ullekha hai- 1. sAmAyika 2. chedopasthApanIya 3. parihAra vizuddhi 4. sUkSma saMparAya aura 5. ythaakhyaat| inameM se vartamAna meM antima tIna cAritra vicchinna ho gaye haiN| sAmAyika cAritra svalpakAlIna hotA hai, chedopasthApanika cAritra hI jIvana paryanta rahatA hai| prAyazcitta kA saMbaMdha bhI isI cAritra se hai| saMbhavata: isI cAritra ko lakSya meM rakhakara prAyazcitta sUtroM ko cheda sUtra kI saMjJA dI gaI ho| malayagiri kI 'Avazyaka vRtti' meM cheda sUtroM ke lie pada-vibhAga, samAcArI zabda kA prayoga huA hai| pada vibhAga aura cheda ye donoM zabda samAna artha kI abhivyakti karate haiN| saMbhavata: isI dRSTi se chedasUtra nAma rakhA gayA ho| kyoMki cheda sUtroM meM eka sUtra kA dUsare sUtra se saMbaMdha nahIM hai| sabhI sUtra svataMtra haiN| unakI vyAkhyA bhI cheda dRSTi se yA vibhAga dRSTi se kI jAtI hai| dazAzrutaskandha, nizItha, vyavahAra aura bRhatkalpa ye sUtra nauveM pratyAkhyAna pUrva se uddhRta kiye gae haiM, usase chinna arthAt pRthak karane se unheM cheda sUtra kI saMjJA dI gaI ho, yaha bhI saMbhava hai| cheda sUtroM ko uttama zruta mAnA gayA hai| bhASyakAra bhI isa kathana kA samarthana karate haiN| cUrNikAra jinadAsa mahattara svayaM yaha prazna upasthita karate haiM ki cheda sUtra uttama kyoM haiM? phira svayaM hI usakA samAdhAna dete haiM ki cheda sUtra

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jaina Agama sAhitya : eka dRSTipAta 15 meM prAyazcittavidhi kA nirUpaNa hai, usase cAritra kI vizuddhi hotI hai, etadartha yaha zruta uttama mAnA gayA hai| zramaNa jIvana kI sAdhanA kA sarvAMgINa vivecana cheda sUtroM meM hI upalabdha hotA hai| sAdhaka kI kyA maryAdA hai? usakA kyA karttavya hai ? ityAdi praznoM para unameM cintana kiyA gayA hai| jIvana meM se asaMyama ke aMza ko kATakara pRthak karanA, sAdhanA meM se doSajanya malinatA ko nikAlakara sApha karanA, bhUloM se bacane ke lie pUrNa sAvadhAna rahanA. bhUla ho jAne para prAyazcitta grahaNa kara usakA parimArjana karanA, yaha saba chedasUtra kA kArya hai| 'samAcArI zataka' meM samayasundara gaNI ne cheda sUtroM kI saMkhyA chaH batalAI hai . 1. dazAzruta skandha 2 vyavahAra 3 bRhatkalpa 4. nizItha 5. mahAnizItha aura 6. jItakalpa 'jItakalpa' ko chor3akara zeSa pA~ca sUtroM ke nAma 'nandI sUtra' meM bhI kAlika sUtroM ke antargata Aye haiN| 'jItakalpa' jinabhadragaNI kSamAzramaNa kI kRti hai, etadartha use Agama kI koTi meM sthAna nahIM diyA jA sakatA / 'mahAnizItha' kA jo vartamAna saMskaraNa hai, vaha AcArya haribhadra (vi. 8vIM zatAbdI) ke dvArA punaruddhAra kiyA huA hai / usakA mUla saMskaraNa to usake pUrva hI dImakoM ne udarastha kara liyA thA / ataH vartamAna meM upalabdha 'mahAnizItha' bhI Agama kI koTi meM nahIM aataa| isa prakAra maulika cheda sUtra cAra hI haiM - 1. dazAzrutaskandha 2. vyavahAra 3. bRhatkalpa aura 4. nizItha / zruta puruSa 'nandI sUtra' kI cUrNi meM zruta puruSa kI eka kamanIya kalpanA kI gaI hai / puruSa ke zarIra meM jisa prakAra bAraha aMga hote haiM- do paira, do jaMghAe, do uru, do gAtrArdha (udara aura pITha), do bhujAe~, gardana aura sira, usI prakAra zruta puruSa ke bhI bAraha aMga haiN| dAyAM paira- AcArAMga bAyAM paira-sUtrakRtAMga dAyIM jaMghA - sthAnAMga bAyIM jaMghA - samavAyAMga dAyAM uru-- bhagavatI bAyAM uru-jJAtAdharmakathA udara- upAsakadazA pITha--antakRtdazA dAyIM bhujA - anuttaraupapAtika bAyIM bhujA - praznavyAkaraNa gardana - vipAka sira- dRSTivATa

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jinavANI- jainAgama-sAhitya vizeSAGka zrutapuruSa kI kalpanA AgamoM ke vargIkaraNa kI dRSTi se eka atIva sundara kalpanA hai / prAcIna jJAna bhaNDAroM meM zrutapuruSa ke hastaracita aneka kalpanA citra milate haiM / dvAdaza upAMgoM kI racanA hone ke pazcAt zruta puruSa ke pratyeka aMga ke sAtha eka-eka upAMga kI bhI kalpanA kI gaI hai, kyoMki aMgoM meM kahe hue arthoM kA spaSTa bodha karAne vAle upAMga sUtra haiN| kisa aMga kA upAMga kauna hai, yaha isa prakAra hai aMga 16 AcArAMga sUtrakRta sthAnAMga samavAya bhagavatI jJAtAdharmakathA upAsakadazA jambUdvIpaprajJapti sUryaprajJapti candra prajJapti nirayAvaliyA-kalpikA kalpAvataMsikA puSpikA vipAka puSpacUlikA dRSTivAda vRSNidazA zruta puruSa kI taraha vaidika vAGmaya meM bhI veda puruSa kI kalpanA kI gaI hai| usake anusAra chanda paira haiM, kalpa hAtha haiM, jyotiSa netra haiM, nirukta zrotra haiM, zikSA nAsikA hai aura vyAkaraNa mukha hai| antakRtadazA anuttaraupapAtika dazA praznavyAkaraNa upAMga aupapAtika 1. AcAracUlA 3. nizItha rAjapraznIya jIvAbhigama prajJApanA niryUhaNa Agama jaina AgamoM kI racanAe~ do prakAra se huI haiM - 1. kRta 2 niryUhaNa | jina AgamoM kA nirmANa svatantra rUpa se huA hai ve Agama 'kRta' kahalAte haiN| jaise gaNadharoM ke dvArA dvAdazAMgI kI racanA kI gaI hai aura bhinna bhinna sthaviroM ke dvArA 'upAMga' sAhitya kA nirmANa kiyA gayA hai, ve saba 'kRta' Agama haiN| niryUhaNa Agama ye mAne gaye haiM 2. dazavaikAlika 4. dazAzrutaskandha 6. vyavahAra 5. bRhatkalpa 7. uttarAdhyayana kA parISaha adhyayana 'AcAracUlA' caturdazapUrvI bhadrabAhu ke dvArA niryUhaNa kI gaI hai, yaha bAta Aja anveSaNa ke dvArA spaSTa ho cukI hai| 'AcArAMga' se 'AcAra cUlA' kI racanAzailI sarvathA pRthak hai / usakI racanA 'AcArAMga' ke bAda huI hai / AcArAMga - niyuktikAra ne usako sthavira kRta mAnA hai| sthavira kA artha cUrNikAra ne gaNadhara kiyA hai aura vRttikAra ne caturdaza pUrva kiyA hai, kintu

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| jaina Agama-sAhitya : eka dRSTipAta unameM sthavira kA nAma nahIM AyA hai| vijJoM kA abhimata hai ki yahAM para sthavira zabda kA prayoga caturdazapUrvI bhadrabAhu ke lie hI huA hai| AcArAMga' ke gambhIra artha ko aMbhivyakta karane ke lie 'AcAracUlA' kA nirmANa huA hai| niyuktikAra ne pA~coM cUlAoM ke ni!haNa sthaloM kA saMketa kiyA hai| 'dazavaikAlika' caturdazaparvI zayyaMbhava ke dvArA vibhinna parvo se ni!haNa kiyA gayA hai| jaise- caturtha adhyayana Atma-pravAda pUrva se, paMcama adhyayana karma- pravAda pUrva se, saptama adhyayana satya-pravAda pUrva se aura zeSa adhyayana pratyAkhyAna pUrva kI tRtIya vastu se uddhRta kiye gaye haiN| dvitIya abhimatAnusAra 'dazavaikAlika' gaNipiTaka dvAdazAMgI se uddhRta hai| ___ 'nizItha' kA ni!haNa pratyAkhyAna nAmaka nauveM pUrva se huA hai| pratyAkhyAna pUrva ke bIsa vastu arthAt arthAdhikAra haiN| tRtIya vastu kA nAma AcAra hai| usake bhI bIsa prAbhRtaccheda arthAt upa vibhAga haiN| bIsaveM prAbhRtaccheda se 'nizItha' kA ni!haNa kiyA gayA hai| paMcakalpacUrNi ke anusAra nizItha ke ni!haka bhadrabAhu svAmI haiN| isa mata kA samarthana Agama prabhAvaka muni zrI puNyavijayajI ne bhI kiyA hai| dazAzrutaskandha, bRhatkalpa aura vyavahAra, ye tInoM Agama caturdazapUrvI bhadrabAhu svAmI ke dvArA pratyAkhyAna pUrva se nirmUr3ha haiN| 'dazAzrutaskandha' kI niyukti ke mantavyAnusAra vartamAna meM upalabdha 'dazAzruta skandha ' aMga praviSTa AgamoM meM jo dazAeM prApta haiM unase laghu hai| isakA nirvRhaNa ziSyoM ke anugrahArtha sthaviroM ne kiyA thaa| cUrNi ke anusAra sthavira kA nAma bhadrabAhu hai| 'uttarAdhyayana' kA dUsarA adhyayana bhI aMgaprabhava mAnA jAtA hai| niyuktikAra bhadrabAhu ke matAnusAra vaha karmapravAda pUrva ke satarahaveM prAbhRta se uddhRta hai| __inake atirikta Agametara sAhitya meM vizeSata: karma-sAhitya kA bahuta sA bhAga pUrvoddhRta mAnA jAtA hai| ni!haNa kRtiyoM ke saMbaMdha meM yaha spaSTIkaraNa karanA Avazyaka hai ki usake artha ke prarUpaka tIrthakara haiM, sUtra ke racayitA gaNadhara haiM aura jo saMkSepa meM usakA vartamAna rUpa upalabdha hai usake kartA vahI haiM jina para jinakA nAma aMkita yA prasiddha hai| jaise 'dazavaikAlika' ke zayyaMbhava, 'kalpa vyavahAra', "nizItha' aura 'dazAzruta skandha' ke racayitA bhadrabAhu haiN| jaina aMga sAhitya kI saMkhyA ke saMbaMdha meM zvetAmbara aura digambara sabhI eka mata haiN| sabhI bAraha aMgoM ko svIkAra karate haiN| parantu aMgabAhya

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|18 jinavANI- jainAgama-sAhitya vizeSAGakA AgamoM kI saMkhyA ke saMbaMdha meM yaha bAta nahIM hai, usameM vibhinna mata haiN| yahI kAraNa hai ki AgamoM kI saMkhyA kitane hI 84 mAnate haiM, koI 45 mAnate haiM aura kitane hI 32 mAnate haiN| 'nandIsUtra' meM AgamoM kI jo sUcI dI gaI hai, ve sabhI Agama vartamAna meM upalabdha nahIM haiN| zvetAmbara mUrtipUjaka samAja mUla AgamoM ke sAtha kucha niyuktiyoM ko milAkara 45 Agama mAnatA hai aura koI 84 mAnate haiN| sthAnakavAsI aura terApaMthI paramparA battIsa ko hI pramANabhUta mAnatI hai| digambara samAja kI mAnyatA hai ki sabhI Agama vicchinna ho gaye haiN| jaina AgamoM kI bhASA jaina AgamoM kI mUla bhASA arddhamAgadhI hai, jise sAmAnyata: prAkRta bhI kahA jAtA hai| 'samavAyAMga' aura 'aupapAtika' sUtra ke abhimatAnusAra sabhI tIrthakara ardhamAgadhI bhASA meM hI upadeza dete haiM, kyoMki cAritra dharma kI ArAdhanA va sAdhanA karane vAle manda buddhi strI-puruSoM para anugraha karake sarvajJa bhagavAna siddhAnta kI prarUpaNA jana-sAmAnya ke lie subodha prAkRta meM karate haiN| yaha devavANI hai| deva isI bhASA meM bolate haiN| isa bhASA meM bolane vAle ko bhASArya kahA gayA hai| jinadAsagaNI mahattara ardhamAgadhI kA artha do prakAra se karate haiN| prathama yaha ki, yaha bhASA magadha ke eka bhAga meM bolI jAne ke kAraNa ardhamAgadhI kahI jAtI hai, dUsare isa bhASA meM aThAraha dezI bhASAoM kA sammizraNa huA hai| dUsare zabdoM meM kahA jAya to mAgadhI aura dezaja zabdoM kA isa bhASA meM mizraNa hone se yaha ardhamAgadhI kahalAtI hai| bhagavAna mahAvIra ke ziSya magadha, mithilA, kauzala Adi aneka pradeza, varga evaM jAti ke the| batAyA jA cukA hai ki jainAgama jJAna kA akSaya koSa hai| usakA vicAra gAmbhIrya mahAsAgara se bhI adhika hai| usameM eka se eka divya asaMkhya maNi-muktAe~ chipI par3I haiN| usameM kevala adhyAtma aura vairAgya ke hI upadeza nahIM haiM kintu dharma, darzana, nIti, saMskRti, sabhyatA, bhUgola, khagola, gaNita, AtmA, karma, lezyA, itihAsa, saMgIta, Ayurveda, nATaka Adi jIvana ke hara pahalU ko chUne vAle vicAra yatra-tatra bikhare par3e haiN| unheM pAne ke lie adhika gaharI DubakI lagAne kI AvazyakatA hai| kevala kinAre-kinAre ghUmane se usa amUlya ratnarAzi ke darzana nahIM ho skte| 'AcArAMga' aura 'dazavaikAlika' meM zramaNa jIvana se saMbaMdhita AcAra-vicAra kA gambhIratA se cintana kiyA gayA hai| sUtrakRtAMga', anuyogadvAra', 'prajJApanA', 'sthAnAMga', 'samavAyAMga' Adi meM dArzanika viSayoM kA gaharAI se vizleSaNa kiyA gayA hai| bhagavatI sUtra' jIvana aura jagat kA vizleSaNa karane vAlA apUrva grantha hai| 'upAsakadazAMga' meM zrAvaka sAdhanA kA sundara nirUpaNa hai| 'antakRtadazAMga aura 'anuttaraupapAtika' meM una mahAn AtmAoM ke tapa-japa kA varNana hai, jinhoMne kaThora sAdhanA se apane jIvana

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| jaina Agama-sAhitya : eka dRSTipAta 19 ko tapAyA thA / 'prazna vyAkaraNa' meM Asrava aura saMvara kA sajIva citraNa hai / 'vipAka' meM puNya-pApa ke phala kA varNana hai / 'uttarAdhyayana' meM adhyAtma cintana kA svara mukharita hai| 'rAjapraznIya' meM tarka ke dvArA AtmA kI saMsiddhi kI gaI hai| isa prakAra AgamoM meM sarvatra preraNAprada, jIvanasparzI, adhyAtma rasa se susnigdha sarasa vicAroM kA pravAha pravAhita ho rahA hai| Agama vAcanAe~ zramaNa bhagavAna mahAvIra ke parinirvANa ke pazcAt Agama saMkalana hetu pA~ca vAcanAe~ huI haiN| prathama vAcanA vIra nirvANa kI dvitIya zatAbdI meM pATaliputra meM huI / dvitIya vAcanA IsvI pUrva dvitIya zatAbdI ke madhya meM ur3IsA ke kumArI parvata para huI / tRtIya vAcanA vIra nirvANa 827 se 840 ke madhya mathurA meM huI / caturtha vAcanA usI samaya vallabhI saurASTra meM huI aura pA~cavIM vAcanA vIra nirvANa kI dazavI zatAbdI meM devardhigaNI kSamAzramaNa kI adhyakSatA meM punaH vallabhI meM huii| isake pazcAt AgamoM kI puna: koI sarvamAnya vAcanA nahIM huI / Agama-viccheda kA krama zvetAmbara mAnyatAnusAra vIra nirvANa 170 varSa ke pazcAt bhadrabAhu svargastha hue| artha kI dRSTi se antima cAra pUrva unake sAtha hI naSTa ho gaye / digambara mAnyatA ke anusAra bhadrabAhu kA svargavAsa vIra nirvANa ke 162 varSa pazcAt huA thA / vIra nirvANa saM. 216 meM sthUlabhadra svargastha hue| ve zAbdika dRSTi se antima cAra pUrva ke jJAtA the / ve cAra pUrva bhI unake sAtha hI naSTa ho gaye / Arya vajra svAmI taka dasa pUrvo kI paramparA clii| ve vIra nirvANa 551 (vi. saM. 81) meM svarga pdhaare| usa samaya dasavA~ pUrva naSTa ho gayA / durbalikA puSyamitra 9 pUrvo ke jJAtA the| unakA svargavAsa vIra nirvANa 604 (vi. saM. 134) meM huaa| unake sAtha hI navA~ pUrva bhI vicchinna ho gayA / isa prakAra pUrvo kA viccheda krama devardhigaNI kSamAzramaNa taka calatA rhaa| svayaM devardhigaNI eka pUrva se adhika zruta ke jJAtA the| Agama sAhitya kA bahuta sA bhAga lupta hone para bhI AgamoM kA kucha maulika bhAga Aja bhI surakSita hai| kintu digambara paramparA kI yaha dhAraNA nahIM hai| zvetAmbara samAja mAnatA hai ki Agama saMkalana ke samaya usake maulika rUpa meM kucha antara avazya hI AyA hai / uttaravartI ghaTanAoM evaM vicAraNAoM kA usameM samAveza kiyA gayA hai, jisakA spaSTa pramANa 'sthAnAMga' meM sAta nihnavoM aura nava gaNoM kA ullekha hai| vartamAna meM 'praznavyAkaraNa' kA maulika viSaya varNana bhI upalabdha nahIM hai tathApi 'aMga' sAhitya kA atyadhika aMza maulika hai| bhASA dRSTi se bhI Agama prAcIna siddha ho cuke haiN| 'AcArAMga' ke prathama zruta skandha kI bhASA ko bhASAzAstrI paccIsa sau varSa parva kI mAnate haiN| -

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jinavANI- jainAgama-sAhitya vizeSAGka prazna ho sakatA hai ki vaidika vAGmaya kI taraha jaina Agama sAhitya pUrNa rUpa se upalabdha kyoM nahIM hai? vaha vicchinna kyoM ho gayA ? isakA mUla kAraNa hai devarddhigaNI kSamAzramaNa ke pUrva Agama- sAhitya vyavasthita rUpa se likhA nahIM gayA / devarddhigaNI ke pUrva jo Agama vAcanAe~ huI, unameM AgamoM kA lekhana huA ho, aisA spaSTa pramANa nahIM miltaa| vaha zruti rUpa meM hI calatA rhaa| pratibhA sampanna yogya ziSya ke abhAva meM guru ne vaha jJAna ziSya ko nahIM batAyA jisake kAraNa zruta sAhitya dhIre-dhIre vismRta hotA gayA / Agama lekhana - yuga jaina dRSTi se caudaha pUrvo kA lekhana kabhI huA hI nahIM / unake lekhana ke lie kitanI syAhI apekSita hai, isakI kalpanA avazya hI kI gaI hai| vIra nirvANa saMvat 827 se 840 meM jo mathurA aura vallabhI meM sammelana huA, usa samaya ekAdaza aMgoM ko vyavasthita kiyA gyaa| usa samaya Arya rakSita ne 'anuyoga dvAra' sUtra kI racanA kI / usameM dravya zruta ke lie 'pattaya potthaya lihiaM' zabda kA prayoga huA hai| isake pUrva Agama likhane kA pramANa prApta nahIM hai| isase yaha anumAna kiyA jA sakatA hai ki zramaNa bhagavAna mahAvIra ke parinirvANa kI 9vIM zatAbdI ke aMta meM AgamoM ke lekhana kI paramparA calI, parantu AgamoM ko lipibaddha karane kA spaSTa saMketa devarddhigaNI kSamAzramaNa ke samaya se milatA hai / 20 AgamoM ko lipibaddha kara lene para bhI eka mAnyatA yaha rahI ki zramaNa apane hAtha se pustaka likha nahIM sakate aura na apane sAtha rakha hI sakate haiM, kyoMki aisA karane meM nimna doSa lagane kI saMbhAvanA rahatI hai1. akSara Adi likhane se kunthu Adi trasa jIvoM kI hiMsA hotI hai etadartha pustaka likhanA saMyama virAdhanA kA kAraNa hai| 2. pustakoM ko eka grAma se dUsare grAma le jAte samaya kandhe chila jAte hai, vraNa ho jAte hai| 3. unake chidroM kI samyak prakAra se pratilekhanA nahIM ho sakatI / 4. mArga meM vajana bar3ha jAtA hai| 5. kunthu Adi trasa jIvoM kA Azraya hone se adhikaraNa haiM yA cora Adi ke curAye jAne para adhikaraNa ho jAte haiN| 6. tIrthakaroM ne pustaka nAmaka upAdhi rakhane kI anumati nahIM dI hai| 7. pustakeM pAsa meM hone se svAdhyAya meM pramAda hotA hai| ataH sAdhu jitanI bAra pustakoM ko bAMdhate haiM, kholate haiM aura akSara likhate haiM, unheM utane hI caturlaghukoM kA prAyazcita AtA hai aura AjJA Adi doSa lagate haiN| yahI kAraNa hai ki lekhanakalA kA parijJAna hone para bhI AgamoM kA lekhana nahIM kiyA gayA thA / sAdhu ke lie svAdhyAya aura dhyAna kA vidhAna milatA hai, para kahIM para bhI likhane kA vidhAna prApta nahIM hotA / dhyAna koSThopagata. svAdhyAya aura

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N | jaina Agama-sAhitya : eka dRSTipAtamA dhyAnarakta padoM kI taraha 'lekharakta' zabda kA prayoga nahIM huA hai| parantu pUrvAcAryoM ne AgamoM kA viccheda na ho jAya etadartha lekhana kA aura pustaka rakhane kA vidhAna kiyA aura Agama likhe| . jainAgamoM kA Alekhana yadi isI zatAbdI meM prArambha huA to vaidika grantha bhI gupta kAla meM hI lipibaddha hue the| bhAratIya saMskRti ke vibhinna itihAsaMjJoM tathA zizira kumAra mitra ne apanI 'Vision of India' nAmaka pustaka meM spaSTa svIkAra kiyA hai ki prAcIna grantha gupta sAmrAjya meM aura vizeSakara candragupta dvitIya ke zAsanakAla meM likhe gaye haiN| rAmAyaNa, mahAbhArata, smRti Adi granthoM kI racanA isI kAla meM huii|' isa prakAra spaSTa hai ki bhAratIya sAhitya kA lekhana kAla gupta sAmrAjya taka khiMca AtA hai| saccAI yaha hai ki IsA kI pA~cavIM zatAbdI bhAratIya vAGmaya ke lipikaraNa kA mahattvapUrNa samaya rahA hai| ukta anuzIlana se yaha spaSTa hotA hai ki jaina Agama-sAhitya apanI prAcInatA, upayogitA aura samRddhatA ke kAraNa atyanta mahattvapUrNa rahA hai| 'aMga sAhitya' meM bhagavAna mahAvIra kI vANI apane bahuta kucha aMzoM meM jyoM kI tyoM abhI bhI prApta hotI hai| isa vANI ko tor3A-maror3A nahIM gayA hai| yaha jaina paramparA kI vizeSatA rahI hai ki aMgoM ko lipibaddha karane vAle zramaNoM ne mala zabdoM meM kucha bhI herA-pherI nahIM kii| 'aMga' evaM 'Agama' sAhitya para niyukti, bhASya, cUrNiyoM aura TIkAoM Adi kI racanA huI, kintu Agama kA mUla rUpa jyoM kA tyoM rhaa| sAtha hI devarddhigaNI kSamAzramaNa kI yaha udAratA rahI ki jahAM unheM pAThAntara mile vahA~ donoM vicAroM ko hI taTasthatA pUrvaka lipibaddha kiyaa|

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dvAdazAgI kI racanA, usakA hrAsa evaM Agama-lekhana AcAryapravara zrI hastImala jI ma.sA. AcAryapravara zrI hastImala jI mahArAja ne nandIsUtra, dazavaikAlikasUtra, uttarAdhyayanasUtra, bRhatkalpasUtra, aMtagaDadasAsUtra, praznavyAkaraNa Adi sUtroM kA vivecana kiyA hai| ve prasiddha Agama-vivecaka rhe| jaina dharma kA maulika itihAsa bhAga-2 meM unhoMne Agama-viSayaka pracura jAnakArI kA samAveza kiyA hai| usameM se hI kucha aMza kA saMkalana kara yahA~ prastuta kiyA jA rahA hai| yaha sAmagrI 'jaina dharma kA maulika itihAsa bhAga-2 ke tIna sthaloM se lI gaI hai| isameM vartamAna dvAdazAMgI kI racanA usake dvAsa evaM Agama-lekhana para acchA prakAza DAlA gayA hai| -sampAdaka vartamAna dvAdazAMgI ke racayitA Arya sudharmA samasta jaina paramparA kI mAnyatAnusAra tIrthakara bhagavAn apanI dezanA meM jo artha abhivyakta karate haiM, usako unake pramukha ziSya gaNadhara zAsana ke hitArtha apanI zailI meM sUtrabaddha karate haiN| ve hI bAraha aMga pratyeka tIrthakara ke zAsanakAla meM dvAdazAMgI-sUtra ke rUpa meM pracalita evaM mAnya hote haiN| dvAdazAMgI kA gaNipiTaka ke nAma se bhI ullekha kiyA gayA hai| sUtra gaNadharakathita yA pratyekabuddha-kathita hote haiN| vaise zrutakevali-kathita aura abhinna dazapUrvI-kathita bhI hote haiN| yadyapi vibhinna tIrthaMkaroM ke dharmazAsana meM tIrthasthApanA ke kAla meM hI gaNadharoM dvArA dvAdazAMgI kI naye sire se racanA kI jAtI hai tathApi una saba tIrthakaroM ke upadezoM meM jIvAdi mUla bhAvoM kI samAnatA evaM ekarUpatA rahatI hai, kyoMki artha rUpa se jainAgamoM ko anAdi-anaMta arthAta zAzvata mAnA gayA hai| jaisA ki nandIsUtra ke 58veM sUtra meM tathA samavAyAMgasUtra ke 185veM sUtra meM kahA gayA hai "icceiyaM duvAlasaMga gaNipiDagaM na kayAI nAsI, na kayAi na bhavai, na kayAi na bhavissai, muviM ca bhavai ya bhavissai ya, dhuve, niae, sAsae, akkhae, avvae avaTThie nicce / / " samaya-samaya para aMgazAstroM kA viccheda hone aura tIrthaMkarakAla meM navIna racanA ke kAraNa inheM sAdi aura saparyavasita bhI mAnA gayA hai| isa prakAra dvAdazAMgI ke zAzvata aura azAzvata donoM hI rUpa zAstroM meM pratipAdita kiye gaye haiN| isa mAnyatA ke anusAra pravartamAna avasarpiNIkAla ke antima caubIsaveM tIrthaMkara bhagavAna mahAvIra dvArA caturvidha tIrtha kI sthApanA ke dina jo prathama upadeza indrabhUti Adi gyAraha gaNadharoM ko diyA gayA, bhagavAna kI usa vANI ko apane sAthI anya sabhI gaNadharoM kI taraha Arya sudharmA ne bhI dvAdazAMgI ke rUpa meM sUtrabaddha kiyaa| gyAraha gaNadharoM dvArA pRthak-pRthak svatantra rUpa se grathita bAraha hI

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23 dvAdazAMgI kI racanA, usakA hAsa evaM Agama-lekhana aMgoM meM zabdoM aura zailI kI nyUnAdhika vividhatA hone para bhI unake mUla bhAva to pUrNarUpeNa vahI the jo bhagavAna mahAvIra ne prakaTa kiye| bhagavAna mahAvIra ke 11 gaNadharoM kI vAcanAoM kI apekSA se 9 gaNa the aura unakI pRthak-pRthak 9 vAcanAe~ thIM / 11 meM se 9 gaNadhara to bhagavAna mahAvIra ke nirvANa se pUrva hI mukta ho gaye / kevala indrabhUti aura Arya. sudharmA ye do hI gaNadhara vidyamAna rhe| unameM bhI indrabhUti gautama to prabhu kI nirvANarAtri meM hI kevalI bana gaye aura 12 varSa pazcAt Arya sudharmA ko apanA gaNa sauMpa kara nirvANa ko prApta hue| ataH Arya sudharmA ko chor3akara zeSa dazoM gaNadharoM kI ziSya-paramparA aura vAcanAe~ unake nirvANa ke sAtha hI samApta ho gaI, Age nahIM cala skiiN| aisI avasthA meM bhagavAna mahAvIra ke nirvANa ke pazcAt unake dharmatIrtha ke uttarAdhikAra ke sAtha-sAtha bhagavAna ke samasta pravacana kA uttarAdhikAra bhI Arya sudharmA ko prApta huA aura kevala Arya sudharmA kI hI aMgavAcanA pracalita rhii| bArahaveM aMga dRSTivAda kA Aja se bahuta samaya pahale viccheda ho cukA hai| Aja jo ekAdazAMgI upalabdha hai, vaha AryasudharmA kI hI vAcanA hai| isa tathya kI puSTi karane vAle aneka pramANa AgamoM meM upalabdha haiN| unameM se kucha pramANa yahA~ prastuta kiye jA rahe haiM AcArAMga sUtra ke upodghAtAtmaka prathama vAkya meM - "suyaM me AusaM ! teNaM bhagavayA evamakkhAyaM / " arthAt - he AyuSman (jaMbU) maiMne sunA hai, una bhagavAna mahAvIra ne isa prakAra kahA hai. / isa vAkya racanA se yaha bilkula spaSTa hai ki isa vAkya kA uccAraNa karane vAlA guru apane ziSya se vahI kaha rahA hai jo svayaM usane bhagavAna mahAvIra ke mukhAravinda se sunA thA / AcArAMga sUtra kI hI taraha samavAyAMga, sthAnAMga, vyAkhyA - prajJapti Adi aMgasUtroM meM tathA uttarAdhyayana, dazavaikAlika Adi aMgabAhya zruta meM bhI Arya sudharmA dvArA vivecya viSaya kA nirUpaNa - "suyaM me AusaM! teNaM bhagavayA evamakkhAyaM" isI prakAra kI zabdAvalI se kiyA gayA hai / anuttaraupapAtika sUtra, jJAtAdharma kathA Adi ke AraMbha meM aura bhI spaSTa rUpa se ullekha kiyA gayA hai: ... teNaM kAleNaM teNaM samaeNaM rAyagihe nayare, ajja suhammassa . parisA paDigayA / 12 / / samosaraNaM.. jaMbU jAva pajjuvAsai evaM vayAsI jaiNaM bhaMte! samaNeNaM jAva saMpatteNaM aTThamassa aMgassa aMtagaDadasANaM ayamaTThe paNNatte, navamassa NaM maMte ! aMgassa aNuttarovavAiyadasANaM samaNeNaM jAva saMpatteNa ke aTThe paNNatte | 3 || taeNa se suhamme aNagAre jaMbU aNagAraM evaM vayAsI- evaM khalu jaMbU ! samaNeNaM jAva saMpatte navamassa aMgassa aNuttarovavAiyadasANaM tiNNi vaggA paNNattA / / 4 / / " Arya jambU ne apane guru Arya sudharmA se samaya-samaya para aneka prazna prastuta karate hue palA- "bhagavana! zramaNa bhagavAna mahAvIra ne amaka

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|24 jinavANI- jainAgama-sAhitya vizeSAGakA aMga kA kyA artha batAyA?'' apane ziSya jambU ke prazna ke uttara meM una aMgoM kA artha batAne kA upakrama karate hue Arya sudharmA kahate haiM- "AyuSman jaMbU ! amuka aMga kA jo artha bhagavAna mahAvIra ne pharamAyA, vaha maiMne svayaM ne sunA hai| una prabhu ne amuka aMga kA, amuka adhyayana kA, amuka varga kA yaha artha pharamAyA __ apane ziSya jambU ko AgamoM kA jJAna karAne kI uparivarNita paripATI sukhavipAka, duHkhavipAka Adi aneka sUtroM meM bhI parilakSita hotI nAyAdhammakahAo ke prArambhika pATha se bhI yahI pramANita hotA hai ki vartamAna kAla meM upalabdha aMgazAstra Arya sudharmA dvArA gumphita kiye gaye haiN| AgamoM meM ullikhita- "una bhagavAna ne isa prakAra kahA-'' isa vAkya se yaha spaSTata: prakaTa hotA hai ki ina AgamoM meM jo kucha kahA jA rahA hai usameM kiMcitmAtra bhI svakalpita nahIM, apitu pUrNarUpeNa vahI zabdabaddha kiyA gayA hai jo zramaNa bhagavAna mahAvIra ne upadeza dete samaya arthata: zrImukha se pharamAyA thaa| kevala dhavalA ko chor3akara sabhI prAcIna digambara granthoM meM bhI yahI mAnyatA abhivyakta kI gaI hai ki artha rUpa meM bhagavAn mahAvIra ne upadeza diyA aura use sabhI gaNadharoM ne dvAdazAMgI ke rUpa meM grathita kiyaa| AcArya pUjyapAda devanandI ne vikrama kI chaThI zatAbdI meM tattvArtha para sarvArthasiddhi kI racanA kI, usameM unhoMne spaSTa rUpa se likhA hai ki parama acintya kevalajJAna kI vibhUti se vibhUSita sarvajJa paramarSi tIrthakara ne artharUpa se AgamoM kA upadeza diyaa| una tIrthakara bhagavAn ke atizaya buddhisampanna evaM zrutakevalI pramukha ziSya gaNadharoM ne aMga-pUrva lakSaNa vAle AgamoM (dvAdazAMgI) kI racanA kI6 isI prakAra AcArya akalaMka deva (vi. 8vIM zatI) ne tattvArtha para apanI rAjavArtika TIkA meM aura AcArya vidyAnanda (vi.9vIM zatI) ne apane tattvArtha zlokavArttika meM isI mAnyatA ko abhivyakta kiyA hai ki tIrthakara AgamoM kA arthata: upadeza dete haiM aura use sabhI gaNadhara dvAdazAMgI ke rUpa meM zabdata: grathita karate haiN| . dhavalA meM yaha mantavya diyA gayA hai ki Arya sudharmA ko aMgajJAna indrabhUti gautama ne diyaa| parantu zvetAmbara aura digambara donoM paramparAoM ke prAcIna granthoM meM kahIM isa prakAra kA ullekha nahIM miltaa| aisI dazA meM yahI kahA jA sakatA hai ki dhavalAkAra kI yaha apanI svayaM kI navIna mAnyatA hai| zvetAmbara AcAryoM kI hI taraha dhavalAkAra ke atirikta anya sabhI

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dvAdazAMgI kI racanA, usakA hAsa evaM Agama-lekhana prAcIna digambara AcAryoM kI yaha mAnyatA hai ki bhagavAna mahAvIra ne sabhI gaNadharoM ko arthataH dvAdazAMgI kA upadeza diyaa| jayadhavalA meM jaba yaha spaSTata: ullekha kiyA gayA hai ki Arya sudharmA ne apane uttarAdhikArI ziSya jambUkumAra ke sAtha-sAtha anya aneka AcAryoM ko dvAdazAMgI kI vAcanA dI thI to yaha kalpanA dhavalAkAra ne kisa AdhAra para kI ki zramaNa bhagavAna mahAvIra ne arthata: dvAdazAMgI kA upadeza sudharmAdi anya gaNadharoM ko na dekara kevala indrabhUti gautama ko hI diyA ? aisI sthiti meM apanI paraMparA ke prAcIna AcAryoM kI mAnyatA ke viparIta dhavalAkAra ne jo yaha nayA mantavya rakhA hai ki Arya sudharmA ko dvAdazAMgI kA jJAna bhagavAn mahAvIra ne nahIM, apitu indrabhUti gautama ne diyA, isakA aucitya vicAraNIya hai| Upara ullikhita pramANoM se yaha nirvivAdarUpeNa siddha ho jAtA hai ki anya gaNadharoM ke samAna Arya sudharmA ne bhI bhagavAna mahAvIra ke upadeza ke AdhAra para dvAdazAMgI kI racanA kI / anya daza gaNadhara Arya sudharmA ke nirvANa se pUrva hI apane-apane gaNa unheM samhalA kara nirvANa prApta kara cuke the / ataH Arya sudharmA dvArA grathita dvAdazAMgI hI pracalita rahI aura Aja vartamAna meM jo ekAdazAMgI pracalita hai vaha Arya sudharmA dvArA grathita hai| zeSa gaNadharoM dvArA grathita dvAdazAMgI vIra nirvANa ke kucha hI varSoM pazcAt vilupta ho gii| dvAdazAMgI kA hrAsa evaM viccheda jisa prakAra Aja kI zramaNa paramparA Arya sudharmA kI ziSya paramparA hai usI prakAra Aja kI zrutaparamparA bhI Arya sudharmA dvArA grathita dvAdazAMgI hI hai| bhagavAna mahAvIra ne vikaTa bhavATavI ke usa pAra pahu~cAne vAlA, janma, jarA, mRtyu ke anavarata cakra se paritrANa karane vAlA, anirvacanIya zAzvata sukhadhAma mokSa kA jo prazasta patha pradarzita kiyA thA, usa muktipatha para agrasara hone vAle asaMkhya sAdhakoM ko Arya sudharmA dvArA grathita dvAdazAMgI prakAzadIpa kI taraha 2500 varSa se Aja taka patha pradarzana karatI A rahI hai| isa DhAI hajAra varSa kI sudIrgha avadhi meM bhISaNa dvAdazavArSika duSkAloM jaise prAkRtika prakopoM, sAmAjika, Arthika, dhArmika, sAMskRtika evaM rAjanaitika krAntiyoM Adi ke kuprabhAvoM se Arya sudharmA dvArA grathita dvAdazAMgI bhI pUrNata: achUtI nahIM raha paaii| ina sabake atirikta kAlaprabhAva, buddhimAndya, pramAda, zithilAcAra, sampradAyabheda, vyAmoha Adi kA ghAtaka duSprabhAva bhI dvAdazAMgI para pdd'aa| yadyapi AgamaniSNAta AcAryoM, svAdhyAyanirata zramaNa-zramaNiyoM evaM jinazAsana ke hitArtha apanA sarvasva taka nyaucchAvara kara dene vAle sadgRhasthoM ne zrutazAstroM ko akSuNNa aura surakSita banAye rakhane ke liye sAmUhika tathA

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jinavANI- jainAgama-sAhitya vizeSAGka vyaktigata rUpa se samaya-samaya para prayAsa kiye, aneka bAra zramaNa-zramaNI varga aura saMgha ne ekatrita ho Agama- vAcanAe~ kIM, kintu phira bhI kAla apanI kAlI chAyA phailAne meM yena kena prakAreNa saphala hotA hI gyaa| pariNAmata: uparivarNita durbhAgyapUrNa paristhitiyoM ke kAraNa dvAdazAMgI kA samaya-samaya para bar3A hrAsa huaa| dvAdazAMgI kA kitanA bhAga Aja hamAre pAsa vidyamAna hai aura kitanA bhAga hama aba taka kho cuke haiM, isa prakAra kA vivaraNa prastuta karane se pUrva yaha batAnA Avazyaka hai ki mUlata: avicchinnAvasthA meM dvAdazAMgI kA AkAra-prakAra kitanA vizAla thaa| isa dRSTi se Arya sudharmA ke samaya meM dvAdazAMgI kA jisa prakAra kA AkAra-prakAra thA, usakI tAlikA yahA~ prastuta kI jA rahI hai| - zvetAmbara paramparAnusAra dvAdazAMgI kI padasaMkhyA aMga kA nAma samavAyAMga naMdIsUtra sama.vRtti naMdI vRtti ke anusAra 1. AcArAMga 18000 2. sUtrakRtAMga 36000 3. sthAnAMga 72000 4. samavAyAMga 144000 5. vyAkhyAprajJapti 84000 288000 84000 288000 6. jJAtAdharmakathA saMkhyAta hajAra saMkhyAta hajAra 576000 576000 7.upAsakadazA 1152000 1152000 8. aMtakRddazA 2304000 2304000 9. anuttaraupapAtika 4608000 4608000 10.praznavyAkaraNa 9216000 9216000 11.vipAkasUtra 18432000 18432000 12. dRSTivAda digambara paramparAnusAra" dvAdazAMgI kI pada, zloka evaM akSara-saMkhyA aMga kA nAma pada saMkhyA zloka saMkhyA akSara saMkhyA 1. AcArAMga 18000 91959231187000 299269541984000 2. sUtrakRta 36000 18391846374000 588539083968000 3. sthAnAMga 42000 21457154103000 686628931296000 4. samavAyAMga 164000 83785077926000 2681122493632000 5. vipAkaprajJapti 228000 116481693702000 3727414198464000 6.jJAtAdharmakathA 556000 284051849554000 981659185728000 7. upAsakAdhyayana 117000 517735007155000 19127520228160000 8. aMtakRdazAMga 2328000 1189339318852000 38058860763234000 9. anuttarautpAda 92244000 872261784146000 15112375811.667000 10 praznavyAkaraNa 5316000 / 47.9401233894000152300836284608000

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dvAdazAMgI kI racanA, usakA hAsa evaM Agama-lekhana 11. vipAkasUtrAMga 12. dRSTivAdAMga pUrvanAma 1. utpAdapUrva 2. agrAyaNIya 5. jJAnapravAda 6. satyapravAda 3. vIryapravAda 4. astinAsti pravAda 7. AtmapravAda 8. karmapravAda 18400000 1086856005 9. pratyAkhyAna pada 10. vidyAnuvAda 11. avaMdhya 12. prANAyu 13. kriyAvizAla 14. lokabindusAra 9400277035600000 300808865139200coc 555258018739427107 17768256599661667440 pUrvo kI padasaMkhyA zvetAmbara paramparAnusAra eka karor3a pada chiyAnave lAkha sattara lAkha sATha lAkha eka kama eka karoDa eka karor3a cha: pada chabbIsa karor3a pada 1 karor3a assI hajAra 84 lAkha pada 1 karor3a 10 lAkha pada 26 karor3a pada 1 karor3a 56 lAkha pada 9 karor3a pada digambara paramparAnusAra eka karoDa pada chiyAnave lAkha sattara lAkha sATha lAkha eka kama eka karor3a pada eka karor3a cha: pada chabbIsa karor3a pada 1 karor3a 80 lAkha pada 27 84 lAkha pada 1 karor3a 10 lAkha pada 11 26 karoDa parda 12 13 karor3a pada 9 karor3a pada sAr3he bAraha karor3a pada uparyullikhita tAlikAoM meM aMkita sAr3he bAraha karor3a pada dRSTivAda aura caturdaza pUrvo kI padasaMkhyA se yaha spaSTataH prakaTa hotA hai ki zvetAmbara aura digambara donoM hI paramparAoM ke AgamoM evaM Agama saMbaMdhI prAmANika granthoM meM dRSTivAda kI padasaMkhyA saMkhyAta mAnI gaI hai| zIlAMkAcArya ne sUtrakRtAMga kI TIkA meM pUrva ko anantArtha yukta batAte hue likhA hai " pUrva ananta artha vAlA hotA hai aura usameM vIrya kA pratipAdana kiyA jAtA hai / ata: usakI anantArthatA samajhanI caahie|" apane isa kathana kI puSTi meM unhoMne do gAthAe~ prastuta karate hue likhA hai- "samasta nadiyoM ke bAlakaNoM kI gaNanA kI jAya athavA sabhI samudroM ke pAnI ko hathelI meM ekatrita kara usake jalakaNoM kI gaNanA kI jAya to una bAlakaNoM tathA jalakaNoM kI saMkhyA se bhI adhika artha eka pUrva kA hogaa| isa prakAra pUrva ke artha kI anantatA hone ke kAraNa vIrya kI bhI pUrvArtha ke samAna anantatA (siddha) hotI hai| 13 naMdI bAlAvabodha meM pratyeka pUrva ke lekhana ke lie Avazyaka masi kI jisa atula mAtrA kA ullekha kiyA gayA hai usase pUrvo ke saMkhyAta pada aura anantArthayukta hone kA AbhAsa hotA hai| ye tathya yahI prukaTa karate haiM ki pUrvo kI padasaMkhyA asIma arthAt utkRSTasaMkhyeya padaparimANa kI thii|

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jinacANI- jainAgama-sAhitya vizeSAGka - ina saba ullekhoM se yaha siddha hotA hai ki dvAdazAMgI kA pUrvakAla meM bahuta bar3A pada parimANa thaa| kAlajanya mandamedhA Adi kAraNoM se usakA nirantara hAsa hotA rhaa| AcArya kAlaka ne apane praziSya sAgara ko kabhI garva na karane kA upadeza dete hue jo dhUli kI rAzi kA dRSTAMta diyA usa dRSTAMta se sahaja hI yaha samajha meM A jAtA hai ki vastuta: dvAdazAMgI kA hrAsa kisa prakAra huaa| kAlakAcArya ne apanI muTThI meM dhUli bhara kara use eka sthAna para rkhaa| phira AcArya kAlaka ne apane praziSya sAgara ko saMbodhita karate hue kahA- "vatsa! jisa prakAra yaha dhUli kI rAzi idA eka sthAna se dUsare, dUsare se tIsare aura tIsare se cauthe sthAna para rakhane ke kAraNa nirantara kama hotI gaI hai, ThIka isI prakAra tIrthakara bhagavAna mahAvIra se gaNadharoM ko jo dvAdazAMgI kA jJAna prApta huA thA vaha gaNadharoM se hamAre pUrvavartI aneka AcAryoM ko, unase unake ziSyoM aura praziSyoM Adi ko prApta huA, vaha dvAdazAMgI kA jJAna eka sthAna se dUsare, dUsare se tIsare aura isI krama meM aneka sthAnoM meM Ate-Ate nirantara hAsa ko hI prApta hotA calA AyA hai|'' 34 atizaya, 35 vANI ke guNa aura ananta jJAna-darzana-cAritra ke dhAraka prabhu mahAvIra ne apanI dezanA meM ananta bhAvabhaMgiyoM kI anirvacanIya evaM anupama taraMgoM se kallolita jisa zrutagaMgA ko pravAhita kiyA, use dvAdazAMgI ke rUpa meM Abaddha karane kA gaNadharoM ne yathAzakti pUrA prayAsa kiyA, para ve use nizzeSa rUpa se to Abaddha nahIM kara paaye| tadanantara Arya sudharmA se Arya jambU ne, jambU se Arya prabhava ne aura Age calakara kramaza: eka ke pazcAt dUsare AcAryoM ne apane-apane guru se jo dvAdazAMgI kA jJAna prApta kiyA usameM eka sthAna se dUsare sthAna meM Ate-Ate dvAdazAMgI ke artha ke kitanI bar3I mAtrA meM paryAya nikala gae, chUTa gae athavA vilIna ho gae, isakI kalpanA karanA bhI kaThina hai|| Arya bhadrabAhu ke pazcAt (vI.ni.saM. 170) antima cAra pUrva arthata: aura Arya sthUlabhadra ke pazcAt (vI.ni.saM. 215) zabdata: vilupta ho ge| dvAdazAMgI ke kisa-kisa aMza kA kina-kina AcAryoM ke samaya meM hrAsa huA yaha yathAsthAna batAne kA prayAsa kiyA jaayegaa| Arya sudharmA se prApta dvAdazAMgI meM se Aja hamAre pAsa kitanA aMza avaziSTa raha gayA, yahA~ kevala yahI batAne ke lie eka tAlikA dI jA rahI hai, jo isa prakAra haiaMga kA nAma mUla pada saMkhyA upalabdha pATha (zloka pramANa) AcArAMga 2500 mahAparijJA nAmaka 7vA~ adhyayana vilupta ho cukA hai| sUtrakRtAMga 2100 sthAnAMga 72000 3770 18000 36000

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upAsakadazA 900 | dvAdazAMgI kI racanA. usakA hAsa evaM Agama-lekhana 29 samavAyAMga 144000 1667 vyAkhyAprajJapti 288000 (naMdIsUtra) 15752 84000 (samavAyAMga)16 jJAtRdharmakathA samavAyAMga aura nandI 5500 isa aMga ke aneka ke anusAra saMkhyeya kathAnaka vartamAna meM upalabdha hajAra paTa aura ina donoM nahIM haiN| aMgoM kI vRtti ke anusAra 576000 saMkhyAta hajAra pada sama. 812 evaM naMdI ke anusAra para donoM sUtroM kI vRtti ke anusAra 1152000 aMtakRddazA saMkhyAta hajAra pada, sama. naMdI vRtti ke anusAra 2304000 anuttaraupapAtikadazA saMkhyAta hajAra pada, 192 sama. naMdI vR.ke anusAra 4608000 praznavyAkaraNa saMkhyAta hajAra pada, 1300 sama. evaM naMdI vR. ke samavAyAMga aura naMdI sUtra meM anusAra 9216000 praznavyAkaraNa sUtra kA jo paricaya diyA gayA hai, vaha upalabdha praznavyAkaraNa meM vidyamAna nahIM hai| vipAka sUtra saMkhyAta hajAra pada, 1216 sama. aura naMdI vR. ke anusAra 18432000 dRSTivAda saMkhyAta hajAra pada pUrvo sahita bArahavAM aMga vIra nirvANa saM.1000 meM vicchinna ho gyaa| vastusthiti yaha hai ki dvAdazAMgI kA bahuta bar3A aMza kAlaprabhAva se vilupta ho cukA hai athavA vicchinna-vikIrNa ho cukA hai| isa kramika hAsa ke uparAnta bhI dvAdazAMgI kA jitanA bhAga Aja upalabdha hai vaha anamola nidhi hai aura sAdhanA patha meM nirata mumukSuoM ke lie barAbara mArgadarzana karatA A rahA zvetAmbara paramparA kI mAnyatA hai ki duHSamA nAmaka pravartamAna paMcama Araka ke antima dina pUrvAhna kAla taka bhagavAn mahAvIra kA dharmazAsana aura

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130 ki jinavANI- jainAgama-sAhitya vizeSAGakA mahAvIra vANI dvAdazAMgI aMzata: vidyamAna raha kara bhavyoM kA uddhAra karate rheNge| titthogAlI meM anukrama se yaha vivaraNa diyA huA hai ki kisa-kisa aMga kA kisa-kisa samaya meM viccheda hogaa|" zrutaviccheda ke saMbaMdha meM do prakAra ke abhimata rahe haiM, isa prakAra kA AbhAsa nandIsUtra kI cUrNi se spaSTata: prakaTa hotA hai| nandIsUtra-therAvalI kI 32 vIM gAthA kI vyAkhyA meM nandIcUrNikAra ne ina donoM prakAra ke mantavyoM kA ullekha karate hue likhA hai-- "bAraha varSIya bhISaNa duSkAla ke samaya AhAra hetu idhara-udhara bhramaNa karate rahane ke phalasvarUpa adhyayana evaM punarAvartana Adi ke abhAva meM zrutazAstra kA jJAna naSTa ho gyaa| puna: subhikSa hone para skaMdilAcArya ke netRtva meM zramaNasaMgha ne ekatrita ho, jisa-jisa sAdhu ko AgamoM kA jo jo aMza smaraNa thA, use suna-suna kara sampUrNa kAlika zruta ko suvyavasthita evaM susaMgaThita kiyaa| vaha vAcanA mathurA nagarI meM huI isalie use mAthurI vAcanA aura skandilAcArya sammata thI ata: skaMdilIya anuyoga ke nAma se pukArI jAtI hai| dUsare (AcArya) kahate haiM- sUtra naSTa nahIM hue, usa durbhikSakAla meM jo pradhAna-pradhAna anuyogadhara (zrutadhara) the, unakA nidhana ho gyaa| eka skandilAcArya bace rhe| unhoMne mathurA meM sAdhuoM ko puna: zAstroM kI vAcanAzikSA dI, ata: use mAthurI vAcanA aura skandilIya anuyoga kahA jAtA nandIcUrNi meM jo ukta do abhimatoM kA ullekha kiyA gayA hai, una donoM prakAra kI mAnyatAoM ko yadi vAstavikatA kI kasauTI para kasA jAya to vastuta: pahalI mAnyatA hI tathyapUrNa aura ucita ThaharatI hai| "sUtra naSTa nahIM hue''- isa prakAra kI jo dUsarI mAnyatA abhivyakta kI gaI hai vaha tathyoM para AdhArita pratIta nahIM hotii| dvAdazAMgI kI prArambhika avasthA ke pada-parimANa aura vartamAna meM upalabdha isake pATha kI tAlikA isakA paryApta puSTa pramANa hai| isa saMbaMdha meM vizeSa carcA kI AvazyakatA nahIM, kyoMki vartamAna meM upalabdha dvAdazAMgI kA pATha vallabhI meM huI antima vAcanA meM devarddhi kSamAzramaNa Adi AcAryoM dvArA vIra nirvANa saM. 980 meM nirdhArita kiyA gayA thaa| isa antima Agama vAcanA se 153 varSa pUrva vIra ni.saM. 827 meM, lagabhaga eka hI samaya meM do vibhinna sthAnoM para do Agama vAcanAe~, pahalI Agama vAcanA Arya skaMdila kI adhyakSatA meM mathurA meM aura dUsarI AcArya nAgArjuna ke netRtva meM, vallabhI meM ho cukI thiiN| uparivarNita dvitIya mAnyatA ke anusAra dvAdazAMgI kA mUlasvarUpa 827 varSoM taka yathAvat banA rahA ho aura kevala 153 varSoM kI avadhi meM hI itane svalpa parimANa meM avaziSTa raha gayA ho, yaha vicAra karane para svIkAra karane yogya pratIta nahIM hotaa|

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dvAdazAMgI kI racanA, usakA hrAsa evaM Agama-lekhana 31 zrutakevalI AcArya bhadrabAhu ke jIvanakAla meM vIra ni.saM. 160 ke AsapAsa kI avadhi meM huI prathama Agama-vAcanA ke samaya dvAdazAMgI kA jitanA hrAsa huA, use dhyAna meM rakhate hue vicAra kiyA jAya to hameM isa kaTu satya ko svIkAra karanA hogA ki vI. ni. saM. 827 meM huI skandilIya aura nAgArjunIya vAcanAoM ke samaya taka dvAdazAMgI kA pracura mAtrA meM hrAsa ho cukA thA tathA ekAdazAMgI kA Aja jo parimANa upalabdha hai, usase koI bahuta adhika parimANa skandilIya aura nAgArjunIya vAcanAoM ke samaya meM nahIM rahA hogaa| ina saba tathyoM para vicAra karane ke pazcAt pahale prazna kA yahI vAstavika uttara pratIta hotA hai ki kAlaprabhAva, prAkRtika prakopoM evaM anya pratikUla paristhitiyoM ke kAraNa pramukha sUtradharoM ke svargagamana ke sAtha-sAtha zruta kA bhI zanai: zanai: hrAsa hotA gyaa| vallabhI-pariSad kA Agama-lekhana zvetAmbara jaina sampradAya kI yaha paramparAgata evaM sarvasammata mAnyatA hai ki vartamAna meM upalabdha Agama devarddhigaNI kSamAzramaNa dvArA lipibaddha karavAye gaye the| lekhanakalA kA prArambha bhagavAna RSabhadeva ke samaya se mAnate hue bhI yaha mAnA jAtA hai ki AcArya devarddhi kSamAzramaNa se pUrva AgamoM kA vyavasthita lekhana nahIM kiyA gyaa| purAtana paramparA meM zAstravANI ko paramapavitra mAnane ke kAraNa usakI pavitratA ko akSuNNa banAye rakhane ke liye AgamoM ko zruta-paramparA se kaNThAgra rakhane meM hI zreya samajhA jAtA rhaa| pUrvakAla meM isIliye zAstroM kA pustakoM athavA pannoM para Alekhana nahIM kiyA gyaa| yahI kAraNa hai ki taba taka zruta nAma se hI zAstroM kA ullekha kiyA jAtA rhaa| jaina paramparA hI nahIM vaidika paramparA meM bhI yahI dhAraNA pracalita rahI aura usI ke phalasvarUpa veda vedAMgAdi zAstroM ko zruti ke nAma se saMbodhita kiyA jAtA rhaa| jaina zramaNoM kI anArambhI manovRtti ne yaha bhI anubhava kiyA ki zAstra-lekhana ke pIche bahuta sI khaTapaTeM karanI hoNgii| kAgaja, kalama, masI aura masipAtra Adi lAne, rakhane tathA samhAlane meM Arambha evaM pramAda kI vRddhi hogii| aisA soca kara hI ve lekhana kI pravRtti se bacate rhe| para jaba dekhA ki ziSyavarga kI dhAraNA-zakti uttarottara kSINa hotI calI jA rahI hai, zAstrIya pAThoM kI smRti ke abhAva se zAstroM ke pATha-parAvartana meM bhI Alasya tathA saMkoca hotA jA rahA hai, binA likhe zAstroM ko surakSita nahIM rakhA jA sakegA, zAstroM ke na rahane se jJAna nahIM rahegA aura jJAna ke abhAva meM adhikAMza jIvana viSaya, kaSAya evaM pramAda meM vyartha hI calA jAyegA, zAstra-lekhana ke dvArA paThana-pAThana ke mAdhyama se jIvana meM ekAgratA

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jinavANI- jainAgama-sAhitya vizeSAGaka baDhAte hue pramAda ko ghaTAyA jA sakegA aura jJAna-paramparA ko bhI zatAbdiyoM taka abAdha rUpa se surakSita rakhA jA sakegA. taba zAstroM kA lekhana sampanna kiyA gayA / isa prakAra saMgha ko jJAnahAni aura pramAda se bacAne ke liye saMtoM ne zAstroM ko lipibaddha karane kA nizcaya kiyaa| jaina paramparAnusAra AryarakSita evaM Arya skandila ke samaya meM kucha zAstrIya bhAgoM kA lekhana prArambha huA mAnA gayA hai| kintu AgamoM kA suvyavasthita sampUrNa lekhana to AcArya devarddhi kSamAzramaNa dvArA vallabhI meM hI sampanna kiyA jAnA mAnA jAtA hai| devarddhi ke samaya meM kitane va kauna-kauna se zAstra lipibaddha kara liye gaye evaM unameM se Aja kitane usI rUpa meM vidyamAna haiM, pramANAbhAva meM yaha nahIM kahA jA sktaa| "Agama putthayalihio'' isa paramparAgata anuzruti meM sAmAnya rUpa se Agama pustaka rUpa meM likhe gaye- itanA hI kahA gayA hai| saMkhyA kA kahIM koI ullekha taka bhI upalabdha nahIM hotaa| arvAcIna pustakoM meM 84 Agama aura aneka granthoM ke pustakArUDha karane kA ullekha kiyA gayA hai| naMdIsUtra meM kAlika aura utkAlika zruta kA paricaya dete hue kucha nAmAvalI prastuta kI hai| bahuta saMbhava hai devarddhi kSamAzramaNa ke samaya meM ve zruta vidyamAna hoM aura unameM se adhikAMza sUtroM kA devarddhigaNI kSamAzramaNa ne lekhana karavA liyA ho| nandIsUtra meM aMgapraviSTa evaM aMgabAhya bheda karake aMgapraviSTa meM 12 aMgoM kA nirUpaNa kiyA gayA hai| aMgabAhya ko do bhAgoM meM vibhakta kiyA gayA hai- 1. Avazyaka evaM 2. Avazyaka vytirikt| Avazyaka-1. sAmAiyaM 2. cauvIsatthao 3. vaMdaNayaM 4. paDikkamaNaM 5. kAussaggo 6. pcckkhaannN| Avazyaka vyatirikta- 1. kAlika 2. utkaalik| pUrNa nAmAvalI isa prakAra hai aMgapraviSTa (12 aMga) 1. AyAro 2. suyagaDo 3. ThANaM 4. samavAo 5. viyAhapaNNattI 6. nAyAdhammakahAo 7. uvAsagadasAo 8. aMtagaDadasAo 9. aNuttarovavAiyadasAo 10. paNhAvAgaraNAI 11. vivAga suyaM 12. diTThivAo (vicchinna) 1. dasaveyAliyaM 3. cullakappasuyaM 5. uvavAiya 7. jIvAbhigama utkAlika zruta 2. kappiyAkappiyaM 4. mahAkappasuyaM 6. rAyapaseNaiya 8.pannavaNA

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dvAdazAMgI kI racanA, usakA hAsa evaM Agama-lekhana 33 9. mahApannavaNA 10. pamAyappamAya 11. naMdI 12. aNuogadArAI 13. devindathava 14. taMdulaveyAliya 15. caMdAvijjaya 16. sUrapaNNatti 17. porisimaMDala 18. maMDalapavesa 19. vijjAcaraNaviNicchao 20. gaNivijjA 21. jhANavibhattI 22. maraNavibhattI 23. AyavisohI 24. vIyarAgasuyaM 25.saMlehaNAsuyaM 26. vihArakappo 27.caraNavihi 28. AurapaccakkhANa 29. mahApaccakkhANa Adi kAlika zruta 1. uttarajjhayaNAI 2. dasAo 3. kappo 4. vavahAro 5. nisIha 6. mahAnisIhaM 7. isibhAsiyAI 8. jaMbUdIvapaNNattI 9. dIvasAgarapaNNattI 10. caMdapaNNattI 11. khuDiyAvimANapavibhattI 12. mahalliyAvimANapavibhattI 13. aMgacUliyA 14. vaggacUliyA 15. vivAhacUliyA 16. aruNovavAe 17. varuNovavAe 18. garulovavAe 19. dharaNovavAe 20. vesamaNovavAe 21. velaMdharovavAe 22. devindovavAe 23. uTThANasuyaM 24. samuTThANasuya 25. nAgapariyAvaNiyAo 26. nirayAvaliyAo 27. kappiyA 28. kappavaDaMsiyA 29. pupphiyAo 30. pupphacUliyAo 31. vaNhidasAo isa prakAra kula 78 zruta batAye gaye haiN| zvetAmbara mUrtipUjaka paramparA dvArA vartamAna meM 45 Agama mAne jAte haiM, para sthAnakavAsI aura terApantha paramparA meM 11 aMga, 12 upAMga, 4 mUla, 4 cheda aura 1 Avazyaka isa prakAra 32 zAstroM ko prAmANika mAnate haiN| 45 sUtroM kI saMkhyA isa prakAra hai __ 11 aMga 1. AcArAMga 2. sUtrakRtAMga 3. sthAnAMga 4. samavAyAMga 5. bhagavatI 6.jJAtAdharmakathAMga 7. upAsakadazAMga 8. aMtakRtadazAMga

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- JANE jinavANI- jainAgama-sAhitya vizeSAGka 9. anuttaraupapAtikadazAMga 10. praznavyAkaraNa 11. vipAka zruta 12 upAMga 1. aupapAtika 2.rAjapraznIya 3. jIvAbhigama 4. prajJApanA 5. jambUdvIpaprajJapti 6. candraprajJapti 7. sUryaprajJapti 8. kalpikA 9.kalpAvataMsikA 10. puSpikA 11. puSpacUlikA 12. vRSNidazA ____ 10 prakIrNaka 1. catuzzaraNa prakIrNaka 2. Atura pratyAkhyAna 3. bhakta pratyAkhyAna 4. saMstAra prakIrNaka 5. taMdula vaicArika 6. candravidyaka/candavedhyaka 7. devendrastava 8. gaNividyA 9. mahApratyAkhyAna 10. maraNasamAdhi 6 chedasUtra 1. nizItha 2. vyavahAra 3.bRhatkalpa 4. dazAzrutaskandha 5. mahAnizItha 6. jItakalpa 4 mUlasUtra 1. dazavaikAlika sUtra 2. anuyogadvAra 3. uttarAdhyayana 4. nandIsUtra 2 cUlikA 1. oghaniyukti 2. piNDaniyukti kucha lekhaka nandI aura anuyogadvAra sUtra ko cUlikA mAnate haiM aura oghaniyukti evaM piNDaniyukti ko eka mAnakara AvazyakasUtra ko bhI mUlasUtroM meM ginate haiN| 1 Avazyaka 1. Avazyaka sUtra inameM se 10 prakIrNaka, aMtima 2 chedasUtra aura 2 cUlikAoM ke atirikta 32 sUtroM ko sthAnakavAsI evaM terApaMtha sampradAya mAnya karatI haiN| zvetAmbara mUrtipUjaka sampradAya 45 ko prAmANika svIkAra karatI hai| usa sthiti meM oghaniyukti evaM piNDaniyukti ko eka sUtra ke rUpa meM sammilita kara liyA jAtA hai| nandIsUtra-gata kAlika utkAlika sUtroM kI tAlikA meM 10 meM se 4 prakIrNaka, 2 chedasUtra evaM 2 cUlikAe~ (orghaniyukti, piNDaniyukti) nahIM haiM aura RSibhASita kA nAma jo ki naMdIsUtra kI tAlikA meM hai, vaha vartamAna 45

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dvAdazAMgI kI racanA, usakA hAsa evaM Agama-lekhana 35 AgamoM kI saMkhyA meM nahIM hai| saMbhava hai 44-45 Agama aura jyotiSakaraMDaka Adi vIra ni.saM. 980 meM huI vallabhI pariSad meM likhe gaye hoM / vidvAna itihAsajJa purAtana sAmagrI ke AdhAra para isa saMbaMdha meM gambhIratApUrvaka gaveSaNA kareM to sahI tathya prakaTa ho sakatA hai| spaSTIkaraNa mUlasUtroM kI saMkhyA aura krama ke saMbaMdha meM vibhinna mAnyatAe~ upalabdha hotI haiN| kucha vidvAnoM ne 3 mUlasUtra mAne haiM to kahIM 4 kI saMkhyA upalabdha hotI hai| krama kI dRSTi se uttarAdhyayana ko pahalA sthAna dekara phira Avazyaka aura dazavaikAlika batAyA gayA hai jabaki dUsarI ora uttarAdhyayana, dazavaikAlika aura AvazyakasUtra isa prakAra mUlasUtroM kI saMkhyA tIna kI gaI hai| piNDaniryukti tathA kahIM-kahIM piNDaniryukti aura oghaniryukti ko saMyukta mAna kara cAra kI saMkhyA mAnI gayI hai| sthAnakavAsI paramparA ke anusAra Avazyaka aura piNDaniryukti ke sthAna para naMdI aura anuyogadvAra ko milA kara cAra mUla sUtra mAne gaye haiM / jabaki dUsarI paramparA nandI aura anuyogadvAra ko cUlikA sUtra ke rUpa meM mAnya karatI hai| saMdarbha 1. atthaM bhAsai arahA, suttaM gaMdhati gaNaharA niuNaM / sAsaNassa hiyaTThAe, tao sutaM pavattai || (A. niyukti, gA. 192, dhavalA bhA. 1, pR. 64,72) 2. "duvAlasaMge gaNipiDage" (samavAyAMgasUtra 1 va 136, naMdI. 40) 3. suttaM gaNaharakathidaM, taheva patteyabuddhakathidaM ca / sudakevaliyA kathidaM, abhiNNadasapuvvakathidaM ca // 4 // (mUlAcAra, 5-80) 4. icceiya duvAlasaMga gaNipiDagaM vucchittinayaTThAe sAiyaM sapajjavasiyaM, avucchittinayaTTAe aNAiyaM apajjavasiyaM / / (nandIsUtra, sUtra 42) 5. "teNaM kAleNaM teNaM samaeNaM ajja suhammassa aNagArassa jeTThe aMtevAsI ajja jaMbU nAme aNagAre.... ....ajja suhammassa therassa naccAsanne nAidUre, vieNa pajjuvAsamANe evaM vayAsI jaiNaM bhaMte samaNeNa bhagavayA mahAvIreNaM. .... paMcamassa aMgassa ayamaTThe paNNatte chaTThassa NaM bhaMte! nAyadhammakahANaM ke aTThe paNNatte ? jaMbUtti ajjasuhamme there ajja jaMbU nAmaM aNagAraM evaM vayAsI. (nAyAdhammakahAo 1-5) 6. tatra sarvajJena paramarSiNA paramAcintyakevalajJAnavibhUtivizeSeNa arthata Agama uddiSTaH / .. ..tasya sAkSAt ziSyaiH buddhyatizayarddhiyuktaiH gaNadharaiH zrutakevalibhiranusmRtagrantharacanamaMaMgapUrvalakSaNam / / (sarvArthasiddhi 1 -20 ) buddhyatizayarddhiyuktairgaNadharairanusmRtagrantharacanam - AcArAdi dvAdazavidhamaMgapraviSTa mucyate / (rAjavArtika 1 - 2012, pR. 72 ) 8. (ka) tasyApyarthataH sarvajJavItarAgapraNetRkatvasiddheH arhadbhASitArthagaNadhara devaiH prathitam 7. "

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- jinavANI- jainAgama-sAhitya vizeSAGka iti vcnaat| (tattvArthazlokavArtika, pR.6) (kha) dravyazrutaM hi dvAdazAMgavacanAtmakamAptopadezarUpameva, tadarthajJAna tu bhAvazrutaM, tadubhayamapi gaNadharadevAnAM bhagavadarhatsarvajJavacanAtizayaprasAdAt svamatizrutajJAnAvaraNavIryAntarAyakSayopazamAtizayAcca utpadyamAnaM kathamAptAyattaM na bhaveta? (tatvArthazlokavArttika) 9. taddivase ceva suhammAiriyo jaMbUsAmIyAdINamaNeyANamAiriyANaM vakkhANidaduvAlasaMgo bAicaukkakhayeNa kevalI jaado| (jayavalA, pR. 84) 10. aMgapANatti 11. digambara paramparA meM 11veM pUrva kA nAma kalyANa hai| 12. zvetAmbara paramparAnusAra pUrvo kI uparyukta padasaMkhyA samavAyAMga evaM nandIvRtti ke AdhAra para tathA digambara paramparAnusAra padasaMkhyA dhavalA, jayadhavalA, gommaTasAra evaM aMga paNNatti ke anusAra dI gaI hai| (sampAdaka) 13. yato'nantArtha pUrva bhavati, tatra ca vIryameva pratipAdyate, anantArthatA cAto'vaganantavyA tadyathA savvanaINaM jA hojja bAluyA gaNaNamAgayA sntii| tatto bahayatarAgo. egassasa attho pavvassa / / / / savvasamudANajalaM, jai patthamiyaM havijja sNkliyN| etto bahuyatarAgo, attho egassa puvvassa / / 2 / / tadeva pUrvArthasyAnantyAdvIryasya ca tadarthatvAdanantatA viirysyeti| {sUtrakRtAMga, (vIryAdhikAra) zIlAMkAcAryakRtA TIkA, A. zrI javAharalAla jI ma. dvArA saMpAdita, pR. 335) 14. naMdIsUtra (dhanapatisiMha dvArA prakAzita) pR. 482-84 15. do lakkhA aTThAsIiM payasahassAiM payaggeNaM......(naMdI, pR. 458, rAya dhanapatisiMha) 16. caurAsIipayasahassAI payaggeNaM paNNattA.....(samavAyAMga, pR.179a, rAya dhanapatisiMha) 17 titthogAlI etthaM vattavvA hoI aannpvviie| je tassa u aMgassa vacchedo jahiM vinnihttttho|| vyA. bhA. 10.704 18. naMdIcUrNi, pR. 9 (puNyavijayajI ma. dvArA saMpAdita)

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AgamoM kI bAcanAe~ DaoN. sAgaramala jaina tIrthaMkaroM kI artharUpa vANI gaNadharoM evaM sthaviroM ke dvArA sUtrAgama rUpa meM grathita / usa sUtrAma kI bhI jaba pUrNata: smRti nahIM raha sakI, to samaya-samaya para yogya saMtoM kI sannidhi meM AgamoM kI vAcanAe~ huii| inameM AgamoM ko surakSita evaM sampAdita kiyA gyaa| pATaliputra, kumArIparvata, mathurA, vallabhI evaM punaH vallabhI meM huI pA~ca Agama-vAcanAoM kA paricaya jaina dharma-darzana ke zikharAyamANa manISI vidvAn DaoN. sAgaramala jI jaina ke Alekha meM prastuta hai / yaha Alekha unake abhinandana grantha ke Agama khaNDa meM prakAzita lekha "arddhamAgadhI Agama - sAhitya : eka vimarza' meM se saMkalita hai| - sampAdaka yaha satya hai ki vartamAna meM upalabdha zvetAmbara mAnya ardhamAgadhI AgamoM ke antima svarUpa kA nirdhAraNa vallabhI vAcanA meM vI. ni. saMvat 980 yA 993 meM huA, kintu usake pUrva bhI AgamoM kI vAcanAe~ to hotI rahI haiN| jo aitihAsika sAkSya hameM upalabdha haiM unake anusAra ardhamAgadhI AgamoM kI pA~ca vAcanAe~ hone ke ullekha prApta hote haiM / prathama vAcanA prathama vAcanA mahAvIra ke nirvANa ke 160 varSa pazcAt huI / paramparAgata mAnyatA to yaha hai ki madhyadeza meM dvAdazavarSIya bhISaNa akAla ke kAraNa kucha muni kAla - kavalita ho gaye aura kucha samudra ke taTavartI pradezoM kI ora cale gye| akAla kI samApti para ve munigaNa vApasa Ae to unhoMne pAyA ki unakA Agama jJAna aMzata: vismRta evaM vizRMkhalita ho gayA hai aura kahIM-kahIM pAThabheda ho gayA hai| ataH usa yuga ke pramukha AcAryoM ne pATaliputra meM ekatrita hokara AgamajJAna ko vyavasthita karane kA prayatna kiyA / dRSTivAda aura pUrva sAhitya kA koI viziSTa jJAtA vahA~ upasthita nahIM thaa| ataH gyAraha aMga to vyavasthita kiye gaye, kintu dRSTivAda aura usameM antarnihita sAhitya ko vyavasthita nahIM kiyA jA sakA, kyoMki usake viziSTa jJAtA bhadrabAhu usa samaya nepAla meM the| saMgha kI vizeSa prArthanA para unhoMne sthUlibhadra Adi kucha muniyoM ko pUrvasAhitya kI vAcanA denA svIkAra kiyA / sthUlabhadra bhI unase dasa pUrvI taka kA hI adhyayana artha sahita kara sake aura zeSa cAra pUrvo kA mAtra zAbdika jJAna hI prApta kara pAye / isa prakAra pATaliputra kI vAcanA meM dvAdaza aMgoM ko suvyavasthita karane kA prayatna avazya kiyA gayA, kintu unameM ekAdaza aMga hI suvyavasthita kiye jA ske| dRSTivAda aura usameM antarbhukta pUrva sAhitya ko pUrNataH surakSita nahIM kiyA jA sakA aura usakA kramazaH vilopa honA prArambha ho gyaa| phalata: usakI viSaya vastu ko lekara aMgabAhya grantha nirmita kiye

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38 jAne lge| dvitIya vAcanA AgamoM kI dvitIya vAcanA I.pU. dvitIya zatAbdI meM mahAvIra ke nirvANa ke lagabhaga 300 varSa pazcAt ur3IsA ke kumArI parvata para samrAT khAravela ke kAla meM huI thii| isa vAcanA ke saMdarbha meM vizeSa jAnakArI prApta nahIM hotI hai- - mAtra yahI jJAta hotA hai ki isameM zruta ke saMrakSaNa kA prayatna huA thA / vastuta: usa yuga meM AgamoM ke adhyayana-adhyApana kI paramparA guru-ziSya ke mAdhyama se maukhika rUpa meM hI calatI thI / ata: dezakAlagata prabhAvoM tathA vismRti-doSa ke kAraNa usameM svAbhAvika rUpa se bhinnatA A jAtI thI / ataH vAcanAoM ke mAdhyama se unake bhASAyI svarUpa tathA pAThabheda ko suvyavasthita kiyA jAtA thaa| kAlakrama meM jo sthaviroM ke dvArA navIna granthoM kI racanA hotI thI, usa para bhI vicAra karake unheM inhIM vAcanAoM meM mAnyatA pradAna kI jAtI thii| isI prakAra paristhitivaza AcAra-niyamoM meM evaM unake Agamika saMdarbhoM kI vyAkhyA meM jo antara A jAtA thA, usakA nirAkaraNa bhI inhIM vAcanAoM meM kiyA jAtA thA / khaNDagiri para huI isa dvitIya vAcanA meM aise kina vivAdoM kA samAdhAna khojA gayA thA- isakI prAmANika jAnakArI upalabdha nahIM hai / jinavANI- jainAgama-sAhitya vizeSAGka tRtIya vAcanA AgamoM kI tRtIya vAcanA vI. ni. saMvat 827 arthAt I. san kI tIsarI zatAbdI meM mathurA meM Arya skaMdila ke netRtva meM huiiN| isalie ise mAthurI vAcanA yA skandilI vAcanA ke nAma se bhI jAnA jAtA hai| mAthurI vAcanA ke saMdarbha meM do prakAra kI mAnyatAe~ nandIcUrNi meM haiN| prathama mAnyatA ke anusAra durbhikSa ke anantara sukAla hone ke pazcAt Arya skandila kI adhyakSatA meM zeSa rahe muniyoM kI smRti ke AdhAra para kAlikasUtroM ko suvyavasthita kiyA gayA hai| anya kucha kA mantavya yaha hai ki isa kAla meM sUtra naSTa nahIM huA thA, kintu anuyogadhara svargavAsI ho gaye the / ata: eka mAtra jIvita skandila ne anuyogoM kA punaH pravartana kiyA / caturtha vAcanA caturtha vAcanA tRtIya vAcanA ke samakAlIna hI hai| jisa samaya uttara, pUrva aura madhya kSetra meM vicaraNa karane vAlA munisaMgha mathurA meM ekatrita huA, usI samaya dakSiNa-pazcima meM vicaraNa karane vAlA munisaMgha vallabhI (saurASTra) meM Arya nAgArjuna ke netRtva meM ekatrita huA / ise nAgArjunIya vAcanA bhI kahate haiN| I Arya skandila kI mAthurI vAcanA aura Arya nAgArjuna kI vallabhI vAcanA samakAlika haiN| nandIsUtra sthavirAvalI meM Arya skandila aura nAgArjuna ke madhya Arya himavanta kA ullekha hai / isase yaha phalita hotA hai

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AgamoM kI vAcanAe~ 391 ki Arya skandila aura nAgArjuna samakAlika hI rahe hoNge| nandI sthavirAvalI meM Arya skandila ke saMdarbha meM yaha kahA gayA hai ki unakA anuyoga Aja bhI dakSiNArddha bharata kSetra meM pracalita hai| isakA eka tAtparya yaha bhI ho sakatA hai ki unake dvArA sampAdita Agama dakSiNa bhArata meM pracalita the| aitihAsika sAkSyoM se yaha jJAta hotA hai ki uttara bhArata ke nirgrantha saMgha ke vibhAjana ke phalasvarUpa jisa yApanIya sampradAya kA vikAsa huA thA usameM Arya skandila ke dvArA sampAdita Agama hI mAnya kiye jAte the aura isa yApanIya sampradAya kA prabhAva kSetra madhya aura dakSiNa bhArata thaa| AcArya pAlyakIrti zAkaTAyana ne to strI-nirvANa prakaraNa meM spaSTa rUpa se mathurAgama kA ullekha kiyA hai| ata: yaha spaSTa hai ki yApanIya sampradAya jina AgamoM ko mAnya karatA thA, ve mAthurI vAcanA ke Agama the| mUlAcAra, bhagavatI-ArAdhanA Adi yApanIya AgamoM meM vartamAna meM zvetAmbara mAnya AcArAMga, uttarAdhyayana, dazavaikAlika, kalpa, vyavahAra, saMgrahaNIsUtroM, niyuktiyoM Adi kI saikar3oM gAthAe~ Aja bhI upalabdha ho rahI haiN| isase yahI phalita hotA hai ki yApanIyoM ke pAsa mAthurI vAcanA ke Agama the| hama yaha bhI pAte haiM ki yApanIya granthoM meM jo AgamoM kI gAthAe~ milatI haiM ve na to ardhamAgadhI meM haiM, na mahArASTrI prAkRta meM, apitu ve zaurasenI meM haiN| mAtra yahI nahIM aparAjita kI bhagavatIArAdhanA kI TIkA meM AcArAMga, uttarAdhyayana, kalpasUtra , nizItha Adi se jo aneka avataraNa diye haiM ve sabhI arddhamAgadhI meM na hokara zaurasenI meM haiN| isase yaha phalita hotA hai ki skaMdila kI adhyakSatA vAlI mAthurI vAcanA meM AgamoM kI arddhamAgadhI bhASA para zaurasenI kA prabhAva A gayA thaa| dUsare mAthurI vAcanA ke AgamoM ke jo bhI pATha bhagavatI-ArAdhanA kI TIkA Adi meM upalabdha hote haiM, unameM vallabhI vAcanA ke vartamAna AgamoM se pAThabheda bhI dekhA jAtA hai| sAtha hI acelakatva kI samarthaka kucha gAthAe~ aura gadyAMza bhI pAye jAte haiN| kundakunda ke granthoM meM anuyogadvArasUtra, prakIrNakoM, niyukti Adi kI kucha gAthAe~ kvacit pAThabheda ke sAtha milatI haiM-saMbhavata:unhoMne ye gAthAe~ yApanIyoM ke mAthurI vAcanA ke AgamoM se hI lI hogii| eka hI samaya meM Arya skandila dvArA mathurA meM aura nAgArjuna dvArA vallabhI meM vAcanA kiye jAne kI eka saMbhAvanA yaha bhI ho sakatI hai ki donoM meM kinhIM bAtoM ko lekara matabheda the| saMbhava hai ki ina matabhedoM meM vastra-pAtra Adi saMbaMdhI prazna bhI rahe hoN| paM0 kailAzacandrajI ne jaina sAhitya kA itihAsa -pUrva pIThikA (pR.500) meM mAthurI vAcanA kI samakAlIna vallabhI vAcanA ke pramukha rUpa meM devarddhigaNI kA ullekha kiyA hai, yaha unakI bhrAnti hai| vAstavikatA to yaha hai ki mAthurI vAcanA kA netRtva Arya

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[40 jinavANI- jainAgama-sAhitya vizeSAGakA skandila aura vallabhI kI prathama vAcanA kA netRtva Arya nAgArjuna kara rahe the aura ye donoM samakAlika the, yaha bAta hama nandIsUtra ke pramANa se pUrva meM hI kaha cuke haiN| yaha spaSTa hai ki Arya skandila aura nAgArjuna kI vAcanA meM matabheda thaa| paM0 kailAzacandra jI ne yaha prazna uThAyA hai ki yadi vallabhI vAcanA nAgArjuna kI thI to devarddhi ne vallabhI meM kyA kiyA? sAtha hI unhoMne yaha bhI kalpanA kara lI ki vAdivetAlazAntisUri vallabhI kI vAcanA meM nAgArjunIyoM kA pakSa upasthita karane vAle AcArya the| hamArA yaha durbhAgya hai ki digambara vidvAnoM ne zvetAmbara sAhitya kA samagra evaM niSpakSa adhyayana kiye binA mAtra yatra-tatra uddhRta yA aMzata: paThita aMzoM ke AdhAra para aneka bhrAntiyA~ khar3I kara dii| isake pramANa ke rUpa meM unake dvArA uddhRta mUla gAthA meM aisA kahIM ullekha hI nahIM hai ki zAntisUri vallabhI vAcanA ke samakAlika the| yadi hama Agamika vyAkhyAoM ko dekheM to spaSTa ho jAtA hai ki aneka varSoM taka nAgArjunIya aura devarddhi kI vAcanAe~ sAtha-sAtha calatI rahI haiM, kyoMki inake pAThAntaroM kA ullekha mUla granthoM meM kama aura TIkAoM meM adhika huA hai| paMcama vAcanA vI.ni. ke 980 varSa pazcAt I. san kI pA~cavI zatI ke uttarArddha meM Arya skandila kI mAthurI vAcanA aura Arya nAgArjuna kI vallabhI vAcanA ke lagabhaga 150 varSa pazcAt devarddhigaNikSamAzramaNa kI adhyakSatA meM puna: vallabhI meM eka vAcanA huii| isa vAcanA meM mukhyataH AgamoM ko pustakArur3ha karane kA kArya kiyA gyaa| aisA lagatA hai ki isa vAcanA meM mAthurI aura nAgArjunIya donoM vAcanAoM ko samanvita kiyA gayA hai aura jahAM matabheda parilakSita huA vahA~ "nAgArjunIyAstu paThanti' aisA likhakara nAgArjunIya pATha ko bhI sammilita kiyA gayA hai| samIkSA pratyeka vAcanA ke saMdarbha meM prAya: yaha kahA jAtA hai ki madhyadeza meM dvAdazavarSIya duSkAla ke kAraNa zramaNasaMgha samudrataTIya pradezoM kI ora calA gayA aura vRddha muni, jo isa akAla meM lambI yAtrA na kare sake, kAlagata ho gye| sukAla hone para jaba munisaMgha lauTakara AyA to usane yaha pAyA ki unake zrutajJAna meM vismRti aura visaMgati A gayI hai| pratyeka vAcanA se pUrva akAla kI yaha kahAnI mujhe buddhigamya nahIM lagatI hai| merI dRSTi meM prathama vAcanA meM zramaNa saMgha ke vizRMkhalita hone kA kAraNa akAla kI apekSA magadha rAjya meM yuddha se utpanna azAMti aura arAjakatA hI thI, kyoMki usa samaya nandoM ke atyAcAroM evaM candragupta maurya ke AkramaNa ke kAraNa magadha meM azAMti thii| usI ke phalasvarUpa zramaNa saMgha sudUra samudrItaTa kI ora yA

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| AgamoM kI vAcanAe~ nepAla Adi parvatIya kSetra kI ora calA gayA thaa| bhadrabAhu kI nepAlayAtrA kA bhI saMbhavata: yahI kAraNa rahA hogaa| jo bhI upalabdha sAkSya haiM unase yaha phalita hotA hai ki pATaliputra kI vAcanA ke samaya dvAdaza aMgoM ko hI vyavasthita karane kA prayatna huA thaa| usameM ekAdaza aMga suvyavasthita hue aura bArahaveM dRSTivAda, jisameM anyadarzana evaM mahAvIra ke pUrva pArzvanAtha kI paramparA kA sAhitya samAhita thA, kA saMkalana nahIM kiyA jA skaa| isI saMdarbha meM sthUlibhadra ke dvArA bhadrabAhu ke sAnnidhya meM nepAla jAkara caturdaza pUrvo ke adhyayana kI bAta kahI jAtI hai| kintu sthUlibhadra bhI mAtra dasa pUrvo kA hI jJAna artha sahita grahaNa kara sake, zeSa cAra pUrvo kA kevala zAbdika jJAna hI prApta kara ske| isakA phalitArtha yahI hai ki pATaliputra kI vAcanA meM ekAdaza aMgoM kA hI saMkalana aura sampAdana huA thaa| kisI bhI caturdaza pUrvavid kI upasthiti nahIM hone se dRSTivAda ke saMkalana evaM sampAdana kA kArya nahIM kiyA jA skaa| upAMga sAhitya ke aneka grantha jaise prajJApanA Adi, chedasUtroM meM AcArAMga, kalpa, vyavahAra Adi tathA cUlikAsUtroM meM nandI, anuyogadvAra Adi- ye sabhI paravartI kRti hone se isa vAcanA meM sammilita nahIM kiye gae hoNge| yadyapi Avazyaka, dazavaikAlika, uttarAdhyayana Adi grantha pATaliputra kI vAcanA ke pUrva ke haiM, kintu isa vAcanA meM inakA kyA kiyA gayA, yaha jAnakArI prApta nahIM hai| ho sakatA hai ki sabhI sAdhu-sAdhviyoM ke liye inakA svAdhyAya Avazyaka hone ke kAraNa inake vismRta hone kA prazna hI na uThA ho| pATaliputra vAcanA ke bAda dUsarI vAcanA ur3IsA ke kumArI parvata (khaNDagiri) para khAravela ke rAjya kAla meM huI thii| isa vAcanA ke saMbaMdha meM mAtra itanA hI jJAta hai ki isameM bhI zruta ko suvyavasthita karane kA prayatna kiyA gayA thaa| saMbhava hai ki isa vAcanA meM I.pU. prathama zatI se pUrva racita granthoM ke saMkalana aura sampAdana kA koI prayatna kiyA gayA ho| jahAM taka mAthurI vAcanA kA prazna hai, itanA to nizcita hai ki usameM I.san kI cauthI zatI taka ke racita sabhI granthoM ke saMkalana evaM sampAdana kA prayatna kiyA gayA hogaa| isa vAcanA ke kArya ke saMdarbha meM jo sUcanA milatI hai, usameM isa vAcanA meM kAlikasUtroM ko vyavasthita karane kA nirdeza hai| nandisUtra meM kAlikasUtra ko aMgabAhya, Avazyaka vyatirikta sUtroM kA hI eka bhAga batAyA gayA hai| kAlikasUtroM ke antargata uttarAdhyayana, RSibhASita, dazAzruta, kalpa, vyavahAra, nizItha tathA vartamAna meM upAMga ke nAma se abhihita aneka grantha Ate haiN| ho sakatA hai ki aMga sUtroM kI jo pATaliputra kI vAcanA calI A rahI thI vaha mathurA meM mAnya nahIM ho, kintu upAMgoM meM se kucha ko tathA kalpa Adi chedasUtroM ko suvyavasthita kiyA gayA ho| kintu yApanIya granthoM kI TIkAoM meM jo mAtharI vAcanA ke AgamoM ke uddharaNa milate haiM una

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ww - [42 jinavANI- jainAgama-sAhitya vizeSAGaka para jo zaurasenI kA prabhAva dikhatA hai, usase aisA lagatA hai ki mAthurI vAcanA meM na kevala kAlika sUtroM kA apitu usa kAla taka racita sabhI granthoM ke saMkalana kA kAma kiyA gayA thaa| jJAtavya hai ki yaha mAthurI vAcanA acelatA kI poSaka yApanIya paramparA meM bhI mAnya rahI hai| yApanIya granthoM kI vyAkhyAoM evaM TIkAoM meM isa vAcanA ke AgamoM ke avataraNa tathA ina AgamoM ke prAmANya ke ullekha milate haiN| Arya zAkaTAyana ne strI-nirvANa prakaraNa evaM apane vyAkaraNa kI svopajJaTIkA meM na kevala mathurA Agama kA ullekha kiyA hai, apitu unakI aneka mAnyatAoM kA nirdeza bhI kiyA hai tathA aneka avataraNa bhI diye haiN| isI prakAra bhagavatI ArAdhanA para aparAjita kI TIkA meM bhI AcArAMga, uttarAdhyayana, nizItha ke avataraNa bhI pAye jAte haiM, yaha hama pUrva meM kaha cuke haiN| Arya skaMdila kI mAthurI vAcanA vastuta: uttara bhArata ke nirgrantha saMgha ke sacela-acela donoM pakSoM ke liye mAnya thI aura usameM donoM hI pakSoM ke sampoSaka sAkSya upasthita the| yahA~ yaha prazna svAbhAvika rUpa se uThatA hai ki yadi mAthurI vAcanA ubhaya pakSoM ko mAnya thI to phira usI samaya nAgArjuna kI adhyakSatA meM vallabhI meM vAcanA karane kI kyA AvazyakatA thii| merI mAnyatA hai ki aneka praznoM para skaMdila aura nAgArjuna meM matabheda rahA hogaa| isI kAraNa se nAgArjuna ko svatantra vAcanA karane kI AvazyakatA pdd'ii| yaha satya hai ki vallabhI meM na kevala AgamoM ko putakArUr3ha kiyA gayA, apitu unheM saMkalita va sampAdita bhI kiyA gayA, kintu yaha saMkalana evaM sampAdana nirAdhAra nahIM thaa| na to digambara paramparA kA yaha kahanA ucita hai ki vallabhI meM zvetAmbaroM ne apanI mAnyatA ke anurUpa AgamoM ko naye sire se raca DAlA aura na yaha kahanA hI samucita hogA ki vallabhI meM jo Agama saMkalita kiye gaye ve akSaNNa rUpa se vaise hI the jaise- pATaliputra Adi kI pUrva vAcanAoM meM unheM saMkalita kiyA gayA thaa| yaha satya hai ki AgamoM kI viSayavastu ke sAtha-sAtha aneka Agama grantha bhI kAlakrama meM vilupta hue haiN| vartamAna AgamoM kA yadi samyaka prakAra se vizleSaNa kiyA jAya to isa tathya kI puSTi ho jAtI hai| jJAtavya hai ki devarddhi kI vallabhI vAcanA meM na kevala AgamoM ko pustakArUr3ha kiyA gayA hai, apitu unheM sampAdita bhI kiyA gayA hai| isa sampAdana ke kArya meM unhoMne AgamoM kI avaziSTa upalabdha viSayavastu ko apane DhaMga se puna: vargIkRta bhI kiyA thA aura paramparA yA anuzruti se prApta AgamoM ke ve aMza jo unake pUrva kI vAcanAoM meM samAhita nahIM the, unheM samAhita bhI kiyaa| udAharaNa ke rUpa meM jJAtAdharmakathA meM sampUrNa dvitIya zrutaskandha ke dasa varga aura adhyayana isI vAcanA meM samAhita kiye gaye haiM, kyoMki zvetAmbara, yApanIya evaM digambara paramparA ke pratikramaNasUtra evaM anyatra usake unnIsa adhyayanoM kA hI ullekha milatA hai| prAcIna granthoM

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theyARAN | AgamoM kI vAcanAe~ meM dvitIya zrutaskandha ke dasa vargoM kA kahIM koI nirdeza nahIM hai| isI prakAra antakRddazA, anuttaraupapAtikadazA aura vipAkadazA ke saMdarbha meM sthAnAMga meM jo dasa-dasa adhyayana hone kI sUcanA hai usake sthAna para inameM bhI jo vargoM kI vyavasthA kI gaI vaha devarddhi kI hI dena hai| unhoMne inake vilupta adhyAyoM ke sthAna para anuzruti se prApta sAmagrI jor3akara ina granthoM ko naye sire se vyavasthita kiyA thaa| yaha eka sunizcita satya hai ki Aja praznavyAkaraNa kI Asava-saMvara dvAra saMbaMdhI jo viSaya vastu upalabdha hai vaha kisake dvArA saMkalita va sampAdita hai yaha nirNaya karanA kaThina kArya hai, kintu yadi hama yaha mAnate haiM ki nandIsUtra ke racayitA devarddhi na hokara deva vAcaka haiM, jo devarddhi se pUrva ke haiM to yaha kalpanA bhI kI jA sakatI hai ki devarddhi ne Asrava va saMvara dvAra saMbaMdhI viSayavastu ko lekara praznavyAkaraNa kI prAcIna viSayavastu kA jo viccheda ho gayA thA, usakI pUrti kI hogii| isa prakAra jJAtAdharma se lekara vipAkasUtra taka ke cha: aMga AgamoM meM jo AMzika yA sampUrNa parivartana hue haiM, ve devarddhi ke dvArA hI kiye hue mAne jA sakate haiN| yadyapi yaha parivartana unhoMne kisI pUrva paramparA yA anuzruti ke AdhAra para hI kiyA hogA, yaha vizvAsa kiyA jA sakatA hai| isake atirikta devarddhi ne eka yaha mahattvapUrNa kArya bhI kiyA ki jahAM aneka AgamoM meM eka hI viSayavastu kA vistRta vivaraNa thA vahA~ unhoMne eka sthala para vistRta vivaraNa rakhakara anyatra usa grantha kA nirdeza kara diyaa| hama dekhate haiM ki bhagavatI Adi kucha prAcIna staroM ke AgamoM meM bhI, unhoMne prajJApanA, nandI, anuyogadvAra jaise paravartI AgamoM kA nirdeza karake AgamoM meM viSaya vastu ke punarAvartana ko kama kiyaa| isI prakAra jaba eka hI Agama meM koI vivaraNa bAra-bAra A rahA thA to usa vivaraNa ke prathama zabda kA ullekha kara use saMkSipta banA diyaa| isake sAtha hI unhoMne kucha mahattvapUrNa sUcanAe~ jo yadyapi paravartIkAla kI thIM, unheM bhI AgamoM meM de diyA jaise sthAnAMgasUtra meM sAta nihnavoM aura sAta gaNoM kA ullekh| isa prakAra vallabhI kI vAcanA meM na kevala AgamoM ko pustakArUr3ha kiyA gayA, apitu unakI viSayavastu ko suvyavasthita aura sampAdita bhI kiyA gyaa| saMbhava hai ki isa saMdarbha meM prakSepa aura vilopana bhI huA hogA, kintu yaha sabhI anuzruta yA paramparA ke AdhAra para kiyA gayA thA, anyathA AgamoM ko mAnyatA na miltii| isake atirikta ina vAcanAoM meM vAcanA-sthaloM kI apekSA se AgamoM ke bhASika svarUpa meM bhI parivartana huA hai| udAharaNa ke rUpa meM Agama paTanA tathA ur3IsA ke kumArI parvata (khaNDagiri) meM suvyavasthita kiye gaye the, unakI bhASA arddhamAgadhI hI rahI, kintu jaba ve Agama mathurA aura vallabhI meM pana: sampAdita kiye gaye to unameM bhASika parivartana A gye|

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44 jinavANI- jainAgama-sAhitya vizeSAGaka mAthurI vAcanA meM jo AgamoM kA svarUpa taya huA thA, usa para vyApaka rUpa se zaurasenI kA prabhAva A gayA thaa| durbhAgya se Aja hameM mAthurI vAcanA ke Agama upalabdha nahIM haiM, kintu una AgamoM ke jo uddhRta aMza uttara bhArata kI acela dhArA yApanIya saMgha ke granthoM meM aura TIkAoM meM uddhRta milate haiM, unameM hama yaha pAte haiM ki bhAvagata samAnatA ke hote hue bhI zabdarUpoM aura bhASika svarUpa meM bhinnatA hai| AcArAMga uttarAdhyayana, nizItha, kalpa, vyavahAra Adi se jo aMza bhagavatI ArAdhanA kI TIkA meM uddhRta haiM ve apane bhASika svarUpa aura pAThabheda kI apekSA se vallabhI ke AgamoM se kiMcita bhinna haiN| phira bhI devarddhi ko jo Agama-paramparA se prApta the, unakA aura mAthurI vAcanA ke AgamoM kA mUlasrota to eka hI thaa| ho sakatA hai ki kAlakrama meM bhASA evaM viSayavastu kI apekSA donoM meM kvacit antara A gaye hoM / ataH yaha dRSTikoNa bhI samucita nahIM hogA ki devarddhi kI vallabhI vAcanA ke Agama mAthurI vAcanA ke AgamoM se nitAnta bhinna the / -saciva, pArzvanAtha vidyApITha, vArANasI sAgara TeNTa hAusa, naI sar3aka, zAjApura (ma. pra. )

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jaina AgamoM kI prAcInatA DaoN. padamacanda muNota jaina AgamoM kI racanA ke saMbaMdha meM anekavidha prazna uThate haiN| inake racayitA kauna the ? racanA kaba huI ? kyA ye anAdi ananta haiM ? ina praznoM ke saMbaMdha meM gaNitazAstra ke sevAnivRtta AcArya DaoN. padamacanda jI muNota ne jainadarzana mAnya kAlacakra kA nirUpaNa karate hue tIrthaMkaroM kI mUla vANI ko AdhAra banAkara sUtrabaddha zAstra ko Agama kahA hai| yaha artha rUpa meM zAzvata evaM zabdarUpa meM navIna hote haiN| vartamAna meM tIrthaMkara bhagavAna mahAvIra kI vANI ko AdhAra mAnakara grathita sUtra 'Agama' kI saMjJA prApta haiN| Alekha kI sAmagrI apane Apa meM jijJAsu pAThakoM ke liye mArgadarzaka hai / - sampAdaka jaina dharma-darzana va saMskRti kA mUla AdhAra vItarAga sarvajJa tIrthaMkaroM dvArA pratipAdita jaina vAGmaya hai| jaina vAGmaya se tAtparya samasta suttAgama, atthAgama evaM tadubhayAgama rUpa zAstroM se hai / sarvajJa arthAt sampUrNa rUpa se Atma darzana karane vAle hI vizva darzana kara sakate haiN| jo samagra ko jAnate haiM ve hI tattvajJAna kA yathArtha nirUpaNa kara sakate haiM, parama hitakara niHzreyasa kA yathArtha upadeza kara sakate haiN| unakI vANI meM vItarAgatA ke kAraNa doSa kI kiMcit mAtra bhI saMbhAvanA nahIM rahatI aura na usameM pUrvApara virodha yA yuktibAdha hI hotA hai / jaba tIrthaMkara bhagavAna ko kevalajJAna hotA hai arthAt ve sarvajJa, anantajJAna ke dhAraka ho jAte haiM, taba tIrthaMkara labdhi ke kAraNa ve sAdhu, sAdhvI, zrAvaka, zrAvikA rUpa cAra tIrtha kI sthApanA karate haiN| ina tIrthoM kI sthApanA tabhI hotI hai jaba indroM evaM devoM dvArA racita samavasaraNa meM karuNAsAgara tIrthaMkara prabhu jaga- kalyANArtha bhavabhayabhaMjana upadeza kI saritA bahAte haiN| usa samaya unake vacanAmRta kA pAna karake aneka bhavya prANI ina cAra tIrthoM meM sthita ho jAte haiM / prabhu apane upadeza meM do prakAra kA dharma batalAte haiM- eka anagAra dharma va dUsarA AgAra dharma / anagAra dharma svIkArane vAle puruSa sAdhu kahalAte haiM aura strI sAdhvI kahalAtI haiN| isI prakAra aNuvrata svIkAra karane vAle puruSa zrAvaka evaM strI zrAvikA kahalAtI hai| isa prakAra cAra tIrtha kI sthApanA hotI hai| unameM se kucha paNDita apane gaNa (ziSya samudAya) ko sAtha lekara dIkSita hote haiM ve gaNadhara kahalAte haiM / unameM pUrvabhava saMskAra se gaNadhara labdhi prakaTa hotI hai / kahate haiM atthaM bhAsai arahA / sutaM gati gaharA NiuNaM / / - anuyogadvAra prabhu dvArA prasphuTita vANI arthAgama hai jo mukta sumanoM kI vRSTi ke samAna hotI hai| mahAn prajJAvAna gaNadhara use sUtra rUpa se gUMthakara vyavasthita Agama kA rUpa dete haiM, jo sUtrAgama kahalAte haiN| gaNadharoM ke prathama ziSya kI

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46 jinavANI- jainAgama-sAhitya vizeSAGka racanAe~ 'anantarAgama' aura unake ziSya paramparA meM Age kI pIr3hI ke sthaviroM kI racanAe~ 'paramparAgama' kahI jAtI haiN| ye hI tadubhayAgama haiM, ye sabhI prabhu sarvajJa kI vANI kA upayoga karake hI racita hotI haiN| ye hI Agama zAstra kahalAte haiN| isase yaha spaSTa ho jAtA hai ki Agama utane hI prAcIna haiM jitane prAcIna tIrthaMkara haiN| tIrthaMkara anAdikAla se hote Aye haiM aura Age anantakAla taka hote rheNge| ataH Agama bhI anAdi pravAhayukta hai arthAt anAdi kAla se vidyamAna haiM aura bhaviSya meM anantakAla taka vidyamAna raheMge / tIrthakara paramparA kI zAzvatatA ke sAtha Agama kI zAzvatatA svayaM siddha hotI hai| tIrthakara ananta jJAna, ananta darzana, ananta cAritra va ananta balavIrya ke dhAraka hote haiN| unake mukha se jo arthAgama vANI jana-kalyANArtha nikalatI hai vaha atyanta sarala evaM ardhamAgadhI bhASA meM hI hotI hai| unake atizaya ke kAraNa jo bhI usako sunatA hai usako lagatA hai ki vaha usakI bhASA meM hI kahI gaI hai aura vaha usake hRdaya ko sparza karatI hai / vaha use pUrNa rUpa se samajha jAtA hai| spaSTa hai ki sImita samaya meM jo prabhu bhASate haiM, vaha sAra rUpa hI hotA hai| tIrthaMkara bhagavAna kevala artha rUpa meM hI upadeza dete haiM aura gaNadhara use sUtrabaddha athavA granthabaddha karate haiM / arthAtmaka grantha ke praNetA tIrthaMkara haiN| AcArya devavAcaka ne isIliye AgamoM ko tIrthaMkara-praNIta kahA hai / prabuddha pAThakoM ko yaha smaraNa rakhanA hogA ki AgamasAhitya kI jo prAmANikatA hai usakA mUla kAraNa gaNadhara kRta hone se nahIM, kintu usake artha ke prarUpaka tIrthaMkara kI vItarAgatA aura sarvajJatA ke kAraNa hai| gaNadhara kevala dvAdazAMgI kI racanA karate haiM, kintu aMgabAhya AgamoM kI racanA sthavira karate haiN| yaha sabhI jJAna guru-ziSya paramparA se unake zAsana meM sadaiva vidyamAna rahatA hai| jJAnAvaraNIya karma ke kSayopazama se jo Agama-jJAnanidhi guru dvArA ziSya ko upadeza rUpa meM prApta hotI hai vahI AtmA kA kalyANa karane vAlI hotI hai| ziSya use smRti meM rakhane kA prayatna karatA hai| 1 tIrthakara kina kSetroM meM aura kisa kAla meM hote haiM, yahA~ para ina bAtoM para kucha vicAra karate haiN| caudaha rAju loka meM tirachA loka ke 101 kSetroM meM manuSya kA honA mAnA jAtA hai| ye kSetra haiM- pA~ca bharata, pA~ca airAvata aura pA~ca mahAvideha kula 15 karmabhUmiyA~, 30 akarma bhUmiyA~ aura 56 antadvIpa haiN| inameM se 15 karmabhUmiyoM meM hI tIrthakara hote haiN| zeSa 30 akarmabhUmiyoM evaM 56 antadvIpoM meM tIrthaMkara nahIM hote| sabhI bharata evaM sabhI airAvata kSetra kAla cakra ke AdhIna haiM | kAlacakra nirantara ghUmatA rahatA hai| isake do bhAga haiM - eka avasarpiNI kAla aura dUsarA utsarpiNI kAla, jo eka ke bAda eka nirantara Ate rahate haiN| jaise ki apane bharata kSetra meM vartamAna meM avasarpiNI kAla cala

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| jaina AgamoM kI prAcInatA mAyana rahA hai jisameM pudgaloM kI zakti nirantara ghaTatI jAtI hai| mAnava deha, jo ajIva pudgaloM se nirmita hai, kI avagAhanA, umra, zArIrika bala, smaraNa zakti Adi saba, jyoM jyoM yaha kAla bar3hatA hai, ghaTate jAte haiN| avasarpiNI kAla ke bIta jAne ke bAda tathA usake pUrva bhI utsarpiNI kAla hotA hai, jisameM ajIva pudgaloM kI zakti jaise jIvoM kI avagAhanA, AyuSya Adi saba bar3hate jAte haiN| eka avasarpiNI kAla aura eka utsarpiNI kAla mila kara eka kAlacakra banatA hai, jisakA pUrNa kAla 20 koTAkoTi sAgaropama hai, kyoMki pratyeka avasarpiNI aura pratyeka utsarpiNI 10-10 koTAkoTi sAgaropama ke hote haiN| pratyeka avasarpiNI aura pratyeka utsarpiNI 6 AroM meM vibhakta hote haiN| inake nAma evaM pratyeka kAla kA vivaraNa nimna sUci meM darzAyA gayA hai| avasarpiNI kAla prathama ArA suSama-suSama 4 koTAkoTi sAgaropama dUsarA ArA suSama 3 koTAkoTi sAgaropama tIsarA ArA suSama-duSama 2 koTAkoTi sAgaropama cauthA ArA duSama-suSama 1 koTAkoTi sAgaropama meM 42hajAra varSa kama pA~cavA ArA duSama 21 hajAra varSa chaThA ArA duSama-duSama 21 hajAra varSa kula 10 koTAkoTi sAgaropama avasarpiNI kAla meM sabhI bharata evaM sabhI airAvata kSetroM meM samasta 24 tIrthakara cauthe Are 'duSama-suSama' meM hI hote haiN| isa samaya duHkha adhika aura sukha kama hotA hai| utsarpiNI kAla prathama ArA duSama-duSama 21 hajAra varSa dUsarA ArA duSama 21 hajAra varSa tIsarA ArA duSama-suSama 1 koTAkoTi sAgaropama meM 42 hajAra varSa kama cauthA ArA suSama-duSama 2 koTAkoTi sAgaropama pA~cavA ArA suSama 3 koTAkoTi sAgaropama chaThA ArA suSama-suSama 4 koTAkoTi sAgaropama kula 10 koTAkoTi sAgaropama / utsarpiNI kAla meM bharata evaM airAvata kSetroM meM sabhI tIrthakara "duSama-suSama' nAma ke tIsare Are meM hI hote haiN| sabhI karmoM kA tapa Adi dvArA kSaya karane kA yahI zreSTha samaya hotA hai|

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48 jinavANI- jainAgama-sAhitya vizeSAGaka mahAvideha kSetra meM to kAla sadaiva eka samAna "duSama-suSama' Are jaisA hI banA rahatA hai, ata: vahA~ tIrthakara sadaiva vidyamAna rahate haiM, unakA kabhI viccheda nahIM hotaa| ata: vahA~ Agama nirantara vidyamAna rahate haiN| bharata va airAvata meM aisA nahIM hai| yahA~ avasarpiNIkAla ke antima tIrthakara (AgamakAra) evaM Age Ane vAle utsarpiNI kAla ke prathama tIrthakara ke madhya kama se kama 84 hajAra varSa kA antarAla rahatA hai jabaki utsarpiNI kAla ke antima Agama praNetA evaM usase agale Ane vAle avasarpiNI kAla ke prathama Agama praNetA (tIrthakara) ke bIca 18 koTAkoTi sAgaropama kA antarAla ho jAtA hai| spaSTa hai ki mahAvideha kSetra kI apekSA se Agama binA kisI antarAla ke avyAbAdha, nirantara, zAzvata anAdi ananta hai| AcArya malayagiri ke abhimatAnusAra gaNadhara tIrthaMkara ke sanmukha yaha jijJAsA vyakta karate haiM ki tattva kyA hai? taba uttara meM unakI jijJAsA nivAraNArtha tIrthakara "uppannei vA, vigamei vA dhuvei vA'' isa tripadI kA pravacana karate haiN| tripadI ke AdhAra para hI gaNadhara ko 14 pUrvo kA jJAna unake pUrvabhava ke saMskAra evaM gaNadhara labdhi ke kAraNa turanta ho jAtA hai| ina pUrvo ke jJAna se hI prabhu kI artharUpa vANI ko ve sUtrabaddha kara jina AgamoM kI racanA karate haiM, jo aMga praviSTa ke rUpa meM vizruta hote haiN| aMga praviSTa Agama gaNadhara kRta haiN| zruta Agama ke do bheda haiM 1. aMga praviSTa aura 2. aMga baahy| jinabhadragaNI kSamAzramaNa ne aMgapraviSTa aura aMgabAhya para cintana karate hue likhA hai ki aMga praviSTa zruta vaha hai jo gaNadharoM dvArA sUtra rUpa meM banAyA gayA ho, gaNadharoM ke dvArA jijJAsA prastuta karane para tIrthakara ke dvArA samAdhAna kiyA huA ho| aMga bAhya zruta vaha hai jo sthavira kRta ho| gaNadhara therakayaM vA AesA makka vAgaraNAo vaa| dhuva cala visesao vA aMgANaMgesu nANattaM ||-vishessaavshyk bhASya, gAthA 252 sthavira ke caturdazapUrvI aura dazapUrvI ye do bheda kiye haiM, ve sUtra evaM artha kI dRSTi se aMga-sAhitya ke pUrNa jJAtA hote haiN| ve jo kucha bhI racanA karate haiM yA kahate haiM usameM kiMcit mAtra bhI virodha nahIM hotaa| zvetAmbara aura digambara donoM hI paramparAoM meM yaha mAnyatA hai ki gaNadharakRta aMgapraviSTa sAhitya meM dvAdazAMgI kA nirUpaNa kiyA gayA hai jinake nAma haiM1. AcArAMga 2. sUtrakRtAMga 3. sthAnAMga 4. samavAyAMga 5. vyAkhyAprajJapti (bhagavatI) 6. jJAtAdharmakathA 7. upAsakadazA 8. antakRtdazA 9. anuttaraupapAtika dazA 10. praznavyAkaraNa 11. vipAka sUtra 12. dRssttivaad| digambara paramparA kI dRSTi se aMga-sAhitya vicchinna ho cukA hai,

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jaina AgamoM kI prAcInatA 49 kevala dRSTivAda kA kucha aMza avazeSa hai jo SaTkhaNDAgama ke rUpa meM Aja bhI vidyamAna hai / parantu zvetAmbara paramparA kI dRSTi se kevala 14 pUrvI kA jJAna vicchinna huA hai jo dRSTivAda kA eka vibhAga thaa| pUrva sAhitya se niryUr3ha Agama Aja bhI vidyamAna haiM, jaise- AcAra cUlA, dazavaikAlika, nizItha, dazAzrutaskaMdha, bRhatkalpa, vyavahAra, uttarAdhyayana kA parISaha adhyayana Adi / vartamAna Agama sudharmA svAmI kI dena haiM / Agama jJAna to bahuta vistRta thA jo guru-ziSya paramparA se vicakSaNa smRti ke kAraNa calA A rahA thA | Agama vicchinna hone ke mUla kAraNa bhagavAna mahAvIra ke pazcAt hone vAle duSkAla smRti durbalatA, pAtratA kA abhAva, guruparamparA kA viccheda Adi haiN| kalpasUtra meM varNana AtA hai ki vIra nirvANa kI dasavIM zatAbdI meM inako likhakara sthAyI kiyA gyaa| vartamAna zAstra bhagavAna mahAvIra ke nirvANa ke 980 varSa bAda likhita rUpa meM lAye gaye, isase yaha kadApi na samajhA jAya ki Agama 1547 varSa purAne hI haiM? kalpasUtra meM spaSTa ullekha hai ki devarddhigaNI kSamAzramaNa ne eka dina auSadha rUpa sUMTha kA gAMThiyA baharA thA / usameM se upayoga meM lene ke bAda jo aMza baca gayA use yA to paraThanA thA yA phira kalpAnusAra zrAvakajI ko lauTAnA thaa| usa dina ve usako apane kAna meM aTakA kara bhUla gaye / sAMyakAlIna pratikramaNa ke samaya jaba hAtha kisI kAraNavaza kAna para gayA to vaha sUMTha kA Tukar3A sAmane A girA, taba unake dimAga meM yaha vicAra koMdhA ki aba unakI smRti meM bhUla par3ane lagI hai| ataH Agama jJAna jo unako unake guru se prApta hai, smRti durbalatA se usameM bhI bhUla A sakatI hai| prabhu vANI meM spaSTa batAyA gayA hai ki jyoM-jyoM samaya bItatA jAyegA isa pAMcave Are 'duSama' meM mAnavoM kI smaraNazakti kama hotI jaayegii| ata: Age Ane vAlI pIr3hiyoM meM Agama jJAna smaraNazakti ke bala para surakSita nahIM raha pAyegA / usa samaya ke zramaNoM kA sammelana bulA kara yaha nirNaya liyA gayA ki AgamajJAna ko jisakI lekhanI sundara ho usase likhavA kara likhita rUpa meM surakSita kara rakhA jaay| isI kAraNa vIra nirvANa ke 980 varSa bAda Agama likhe gaye jo ki pUrva meM to sAdhu samudAya ke mastiSka meM hI surakSita rahate the| ayogya to usako arjita karane kA soca bhI nahIM sakate the| aba to jisake bhI ye likhita zAstra hAtha par3a jAveM vahIM usako par3ha sakatA thA / yadi subuddhi na ho to kubuddhi se inakA durupayoga bhI kiyA jA sakatA thA / Agama ke laukika aura lokottara ye do bheda kiye haiN| usameM rAmAyaNa, mahAbhArata prabhRti graMthoM ko laukika Agama meM ginA hai| jabaki gavakalAMga ethati AgamoM ko lokottara Agama kahA gayA hai| sAnAgaMga

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150 jinavANI- jainAgama-sAhitya vizeSAGka AcArya malayagiri kA abhimata hai ki jisase padArthoM kI paripUrNatA ke sAtha maryAdita jJAna ho vaha 'Agama' hai| anya AcAryoM kA abhimata hai, jisase padArthoM kA yathArtha jJAna ho vaha 'Agama' hai| jJAna kA lopa kisa prakAra huA isakI eka aitihAsika ghaTanA isa prakAra varNita hai / itihAsa meM AcArya bhadrabAhu va ziSya sthUlibhadra kA ullekha AtA hai| bhadrabAhu svAmI nepAla meM mahAprANa dhyAna kI sAdhanA meM rata the| ve caudaha pUrvadhArI the| usa samaya aura kisI ke pAsa 14 pUrvo kA jJAna nahIM thA / unake devaloka hone ke sAtha hI yaha pUrA jJAna lopa ho jAtA, ataH sthUlibhadra jo eka viziSTa sAdhaka the, ko isa yogya samajhA gayA ki ve bhadrabAhu se 14 pUrvo kA jJAna arjita kara sakate haiN| yaha jJAna samaya rahate bhadrabAhu svAmI se grahaNa karane ke lie caturvidha saMgha ne sthUlibhadra ko bhadrabAhu ke pAsa bhejaa| AcArya bhadrabAhu ne saMgha kI AjJA ko zirodhArya kara sthUlibhadra ko pUrvoM kA jJAna sikhAnA Arambha kiyaa| jaba ve dazapUrva kA jJAna sIkha cuke the, usa samaya ve jIrNa-zIrNa khaNDahara meM raha kara jJAnAbhyAsa karate the| saMyoga se sthUlabhadra kI sAta sAMsArika bahaneM jo sAdhviyA~ thI, unake darzana karane ke lie himAlaya kI kandarAoM meM AI, taba bhaTaka kara bhadrabAhusvAmI ke pAsa pahu~ca giiN| unhoMne vahAM se sthUlibhadra kI dhyAna-sthalI jo kAphI nIce thI, btlaaii| ve usa khaNDahara kI ora ravAnA huI to arjita jJAna se sthUlabhadra ne yaha jAna liyA ki unakI bhaginI sAdhviyA~ unake darzanArtha unakI ora A rahI haiN| apane jJAna kA pradarzana apanI bahanoM ke sAmane karane ke bhAva se unhoMne apanA rUpa siMha kA banAkara khaNDahara ke dvAra para baiTha gye| jaba ve sAdhviyA~ vahAM pahuMcI to siMha ko dekhakara ve ghabarA gaI aura bhadrabAhu ke pAsa vApasa Akara ulAhanA diyA ki unhoMne unheM siMha kI guphA meM bheja diyaa| yaha sunakara bhadrabAhu svAmI ne jAna liyA ki sthUlibhadra ne hI yaha nATaka kiyA hai aura samajha gaye ki sthUlibhadra meM jJAna ke anurUpa gambhIratA nahIM hai, unakA mana caMcala hai, pradarzana kA kautuhala hai, jJAna ko pacA nahIM pAye haiN| pUrvoM kA jJAna pacAne meM akSamatA dekhakara unhoMne Age kI dezanA sthUlibhadra ko denA banda kara diyaa| sthUlibhadra ko apanI galatI kA ehasAsa huaa| unako bahuta pazcAttApa huaa| unhoMne isake liye kSamAyAcanA kI aura Age kI dezanA ke liye prArthanA kii| parantu ve isake liye bilkula rAjI nahIM hue aura isa prakAra 14 pUrvo meM se antima cAra pUrvo kA jJAna bhadrabAhu svAmI ke sAtha hI lupta ho gyaa| pAtratA ke abhAva meM 10 pUrvo kA jJAna bhI sthUlibhadra ke Age adhika nahIM claa| vartamAna meM to eka pUrva kA jJAna bhI nahIM hai| vartamAna meM jJAna bahuta alpa raha gayA hai| - I -14, zAstrI nagara, jodhapura

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jinAgamoM kI bhASA : nAma aura svarUpa DaoN. ke. Ara. candra jinAgamoM kI mUlabhASA arddhamAgadhI hai| arddhamAgadhI meM hI tIrthaMkara mahAvIra ne pravacana kie the| gaNadharoM evaM sthaviroM ne bhI arddhamAgadhI meM hI ina AgamoM ko grathita kiyA thA / kintu arddhamAgadhI prAkRta vyAkaraNa kI anabhijJatA, kSetra vizeSa ke prabhAva, mahArASTrI prAkRta ke 'upalabdha vyAkaraNa ke abhyAsa Adi vibhinna kAraNoM se arddhamAgadhI AgamoM kA sampAdana karate / pratilipi karate samaya mahArASTrI Adi prAkRtoM kA prabhAva A gyaa| prAkRta bhASA evaM vyAkaraNa ke samprati vizvaprasiddha vidvAna DaoN. ke. Ara. candra ne jinAgamoM meM hue parivartana viSayaka yaha apanA Alekha pAThakoM ko upalabdha karAyA hai| lekhaka ne AgamoM ke vibhinna saMskaraNoM kI tulanA karate hue arddhamAgadhI ke prAcIna rUpa ko siddha kara use svIkAra karane kI preraNA bhI kI hai| - sampAdaka jinAgamoM meM usa jaina Agama - sAhitya ( I. san pUrva pA~cavIM zatAbdI seI. san 5vIM zatAbdI taka) kA samAveza hotA hai jo zvetAmbara jainoM dvArA racA gayA hai aura jo digambara sampradAya ko mAnya nahIM hai| ise hI jaina AgamasAhitya kI saMjJA dI gaI hai| digambara jaina sampradAya ke prAcInatama sAhitya (I. san prathama zatAbdI se lagAkara Age kI zatAbdiyoM taka) ko digambara sampradAya ke 'prAcIna zAstra' kI saMjJA dI gayI hai| isakI bhASA zaurasenI prAkRta hai jabaki zvetAmbara mAnya jinAgamoM kI bhASA ko ardhamAgadhI ke nAma se jAnA jAtA hai| isa nAma meM jo mAgadhI zabda hai usakA vizeSa mahattva hai| use ardhazaurasenI yA ardhamahArASTrI kyoM nahIM kahA gayA ? ardhamAgadhI zabda meM mAgadhI pramukha zabda hai aura ardha usakA vizeSaNa hai arthAt pUrNata: mAgadhI nahIM, paraMtu AdhI mAgadhI aura AdhI anya bhASA yA boliyA~ jo magadha deza ke Asa-pAsa ke kSetroM meM usa samaya bolI jAtI thii| kucha vidvAna aisA bhI mAnate haiM ki yaha ardhamAgadha deza kI bhASA thI / yaha kauna sA pradeza ho sakatA haikyA gaMgA nadI ke dakSiNa bihAra kA Ajakala kA pradeza ? isI magadha deza ke Asa-pAsa ke par3ausI rAjyoM (pradezoM) kI boliyoM kA ardhamAgadhI meM samAveza mAnA jAya (jo ucita bhI lagatA hai jaisAki bhagavAn mahAvIra ke vihAra ke sthaloM se mAlUma hotA hai) to isameM gaMgAnadI ke uttara meM pUrva kI dizA meM to isameM licchaviyoM kA videha (darabhaMgA), aMga rAjya, bhAgalapura, maura, pazcima meM kosala (ayodhyA jisakI rAjadhAnI thI, purAnA nAma sAketa bhI thA ) aura Adhunika baMgAla (baMga deza kA lADha pradeza) aura ur3IsA kaliMga kA kucha bhAga sammilita kiyA jA sakatA hai| ina sabhI pradezoM kI boliyoM kA kisI na kisI aMza meM mUla mAgadhI para prabhAva hone ke kAraNa use ardhamAgadhI kahA gayA ho, aisA bhASAzAstra ke niyamoM se pratIta hotA hai / mAgadhI bhASA ke mUla lakSaNa pulliMga akArAnta prathama ekavacana kI vibhakti 'e' ke sAtha-sAtha

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52 jinavANI- jainAgama-sAhitya vizeSAGka anya pradezoM kI -o vibhakti; ra-la ke sAtha-sAtha ra kAra hI milanA; saptamI vibhakti e. va. kI- aMsi ke sAtha - sAtha 'e' vibhakti, mAgadhI meM tInoM USma vyaMjanoM ke sthAna para 'za' kA Adeza hai, paraMtu ardhamAgadhI meM sarvatra 'za, Sa'= 'sa' hI milatA hai (azoka ke pUrvI bhArata ke zilAlekhoM kI bhASA kI bhI yahI sthiti hai, unameM 'za' kAra nahIM mila rahA hai| ho sakatA hai ki bolane meM 'za' kAra bolA jAtA ho, paraMtu likhane meM 'sa' kAra hI likhA jAtA ho / ) Aja bhI pUrvI uttarapradeza, bihAra aura baMgAla meM 'sa' ke sthAna para 'za' kA uccAraNa adhika mAtrA meM kiyA jAtA hai| bha. buddha kI pAli bhASA kA pradeza bhI lagabhaga vahI thA jo bha. mahAvIra kA thA, paraMtu unake tripiTaka kI pAli bhASA meM bhI 'za' kAra nahIM milatA hai / yahI avasthA donoM bhASAoM meM 'Sa' kAra kI bhI hai| usake badale meM sarvatra 'sa' kAra hI milatA hai jaisAki azoka ke pUrvI bhArata ke zilAlekhoM meM pAyA jAtA hai / khAravela ke hAthIguMphA ke kaliMga (ur3IsA) aura mathurA ke lekhoM meM bhI sarvatra 'sakAra' hI pAyA jAtA hai| ye hI vizeSatAe~ haiM jinake kAraNa bha. mahAvIra ke upadezoM kI bhASA ko 'ardhamAgadhI' kahA gayA hai| sabhI ardhamAgadhI Agama graMtha eka hI kAla kI racanAe~ nahIM mAnI gayI haiM, paraMtu kucha racanAe~ aura katipaya racanAoM meM jo-jo prAcIna aMza milate haiM, unakI bhASA kA svarUpa pAli bhASA ke samAna hI honA cAhie thA, paraMtu sarvatra aisA nahIM pAyA jAtA hai| udAharaNa ke lie 'AcArAMga' kA prathama zruta skaMdha sabhI Agama graMthoM meM prAcInatama racanA hai jisakI bhASA, zailI aura viSayavastu se yaha spaSTa pramANita hotA hai, paraMtu isakI bhASA bhI alpAMza meM anya Agama graMthoM kI taraha mahArASTrI prAkRta se prabhAvita huI hai| maukhika paraMparA aura jaina dharma ke prasAra ke daramyAna jainoM ke badalate hue kendra sthaloM (pUrva meM rAjagRha, pATaliputra, vaizAlI se mathurA kI tarapha aura vahAM se phira valabhI (gujarAta) ke kAraNa una-una pradezoM kI bhASAoM kA mizraNa usameM hotA gayA aura AgamoM kA eka bhI saMskaraNa mAtra zuddha (yA prAcIna) ardhamAgadhI meM upalabdha nahIM hai| AgamoM kI antima (tIsarI) vAcanA valabhIpura meM chaThI zatAbdI ke prAraMbha meM huI aura usa samaya AgamoM ko lipibaddha kiyA gayA thA, paraMtu adyAvadhi sabhI hastapratoM meM bhI bhASA kA svarUpa eka samAna nahIM mila rahA hai, cAhe ve tAr3apatra kI yA kAgaja kI prateM hoM athavA prAcIna yA pazcakAlIna prateM hI kyoM na hoM ? isakA mukhya kAraNa yaha rahA hai ki prAraMbha se hI upadezoM kI viSayavastu para atyadhika bhAra thA na ki bhASA para, jaisA ki vaidika paramparA meM pAyA jAtA hai| pAli bhASA ko laMkA meM I. san ke pUrva lagabhaga prathama zatAbdI meM hI lipibaddha kara diyA gayA thA aura usakA saraMkSaNa bhI vahAM para hI hone ke kAraNa usameM kisI prakAra kA

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Assamun STATE | jinAgamoM kI bhASA : nAma aura svarUpa 53 parivartana nahIM A skaa| AgamoM kI ardhamAgadhI to mahArASTrI prAkRta se itanI prabhAvita huI hai ki isakA mUla svarUpa bhI nizcita karanA bahuta duSkara ho gayA hai| Agama prabhAkara muni zrI puNyavijaya jI ko to aisA kahane ko bAdhya honA par3A ki AgamoM kI mUla bhASA meM bar3A hI parivartana A gayA hai| mUla bhASA khicar3I hI bana gayI hai| aba hameM yaha darzAnA hai ki maulika ardhamAgadhI meM madhyavartI vyaMjanoM kI dhvani-parivartana saMbaMdhI kyA avasthA thii| sarvaprathama to yaha kahane ko bAdhya honA par3atA hai ki kisI bhI prAkRta vyAkaraNakAra ne ardhamAgadhI prAkRta ko koI vizeSa sthAna (apane-apane prAkRta vyAkaraNa meM) nahIM diyA hai| sabhI ne mahArASTrI, zaurasenI, paizAcI, cUlikA aura hemacandrAcArya ne apabhraMza ke bhI niyama diye haiN| hemacandrAcArya svayaM jaina the, unheM jinAgamoM kA vizeSa jJAna bhI thA, paraMtu unhoMne bhI madhyavartI vyaMjanoM ke dhvani-parivartana saMbaMdhI vizeSa taura para kucha bhI nahIM likhA hai, yaha eka bar3e hI Azcarya kI bAta hai| unhoMne ise 'ArSa' bhASA avazya kahA hai aura isameM sabhI vidhiyAM lAgU hotI haiM-aisA kahakara ke isa ArSa bhASA ko unhoMne bar3I hI svatantratA de dii| kahAM pAli bhASA, azoka ke zilAlekhoM, hAthI guMphA aura mathurA ke lekhoM kI bhASA aura kahA~ yaha aniyamita ArSa-ardhamAgadhI bhASA? unhoMne ArSa bhASA ke do mukhya lakSaNa avazya diye haiM- 1. puM. akArAnta kI prathamA eka vacana kI vibhakti-e aura ra kAra kA lakAra ho jaanaa| isake sivAya jagaha-jagaha para mUlasUtroM kI vRtti meM ArSa kI kucha vizeSatAeM darzAyI gayI haiM, paraMtu zabdoM ke madhyavartI vyaMjanoM ke lie to mahArASTrI prAkRta ke niyama hI lAgU hote hoM aisA unake prAkRta vyAkaraNa ke niyamoM se spaSTa hI pratIta hotA hai| prAcIna ardhamAgadhI graMthoM meM bhUtakAla (sAmAnya bhUta, anadyatana bhUta aura parokSa bhUta) ke pratyayoM vAle prayoga kahIM-kahIM para alpAMza meM milate hetvarthaka kRdanta ke lie vaidika paraMparA se prApta--'ttae-ittae,ettae (saMskRta -tave, tavai, -tvAyai) pratyaya vAle prayoga bAra-bAra milate haiM jo anya prAkRtoM meM milate hI nahIM haiN|'' pAli meM bhI yaha pratyaya nahIM milatA hai| isa dRSTi se pAli kI apekSA ardhamAgadhI meM bhASA kI prAcInatA surakSita rahI hai| aba jo mukhya muddA ardhamAgadhI ke lie dhyAna dene yogya hai vaha hai zabdoM meM madhyavartI vyaMjanoM kI aneka prayogoM meM yathAvat sthiti jo usake lie zaurasenI aura mahArASTrI prAkRta se sarvathA eka bhinna bhASA hone kA mahattvapUrNa pramANa hai|

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jinavANI- jainAgama-sAhitya vizeSAGka sarvaprathama to yaha jJAtavya honA cAhie ki hamAre madhyakAlIna prAkRta vyAkaraNakAroM ne ardhamAgadhI ke lie koI viziSTa vyAkaraNa hI nahIM likhe jisake kAraNa mahArASTrI prAkRta ke madhyavartI vyaMjanoM ke parivartana ke jo niyama the ve hI niyama ardhamAgadhI prAkRta para bhI lAgU kara diye gaye / AgamoM kI hastapratoM (prAcIna aura arvAcIna) meM jahAM-jahAM para bhI pAli ke samAna prayoga (madhyavartI vyaMjanoM meM dhvaniparivartana nahIM hone ke pATha ) milate the, unheM kSatiyukta mAnakara unake badale meM mahArASTrI kI zabdAvalI ko hI apanAyA jAne lgaa| udAharaNa ke lie dekhie pro. harmana yAkobI ke aura zubiMga ke AgamoM meM prAcInatama mAne jAne vAle AcArAMga ke prathama zruta skaMdha ke saMskaraNa ke katipaya pATha 54 adhyAya kA perA naM. 1.2.3.2 1.4.4.1 1.1.5.7 1.5.5.1 1.2.3.5 1.2.1.3 1.9.4.1 1.4.3.1 1.1.6.1 1.2.1.3 1.9.1.1 1.1.6.2 1.1.6.3 1.7.1.3 1.1.5.2 1.9.2.15 Atura pabhiti tatiya yAkobI ke pATha laMDana 1882 e.DI. akutobhayaM paritAvaM ete savvato avaharati vedeti omodariya dhammavidu pavAda vedeti vadissAmi vidittA samAdAya Aure pabhii taiya briMga ke pATha lipjiga 1910 Aura pabhii taiya (-t-) akuobhayaM pariyAva ee savvao avaharai vede asAdhU adhaM adhoviyaDe aba hama nIce pizala ke 'prAkRta bhASAoM kA tulanAtmaka vyAkaraNa' aura mahAvIra jaina vidyAlaya, baMbaI ke saMskaraNa ke pATha bhI de rahe haiM pizala zubriMga pizala ma. jai. vidyAlaya ( t ) (--) omoyariya dhammaviu pavAya veei vaissAmi viittA samAyAya (-dh--) asAhU ahaM aheviyaDe Atura pabhiti tatiya

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matima | jinAgamoM kI bhASA : nAma aura svarUpa. matima maimaM maima (dh) medhAvI mehAvI mehAvI (nAma, sarvanAma, kAla evaM kRdanta rUpa) medhAvI (--ta-,---) bhagavatA bhagavayA bhagavayA bhagavatA tato tao tao tato paritAti pariyAveMti pariyAti paritAveMti bhavati bhava bhavai bhavati suNeti suNei suNei suNeti nAtaM nAyaM nAyaM NAta paveditaM paveiyaM paveiyaM pavedita rudati ruyati ruvai rudati vadati vayati vayati vadaMti vadissAmi vaissAmi vaissAmi vadissAmi ina prayogoM se patA calatA hai ki pro. yAkobI mahodaya ne hastapratoM meM prApta pAThoM ko badalA nahIM haiM aura jo-jo pATha pAli bhASA se sAmya rakhate the unheM bhI usI rUpa meM apanAyA hai na ki unheM mahArASTrI prAkRta bhASA ke anurUpa banAne kA prayatna kiyA hai| isIlie unhoMne jaina prAkRta (arthAt ardhamAgadhI) ke mUla pAThoM ko jahAM para bhI upalabdha ho rahe haiM unheM bhASika dRSTi se yathAvat rakhA hai, paraMtu zubriga mahodaya ne unake sAmane yAkobI kA AcArAMga kA saMskaraNa (1882 e.DI.) vidyamAna hote hue bhI apane (1910 e.DI.) ke saMskaraNa meM pAli ke samAna ardhamAgadhI ke pAThoM ko mahArASTrI meM badala DAlA, jabaki unako to yAkobI se bhI adhika mAtrA meM hastaprateM, cUrNIgraMtha, TIkA graMtha ityAdi prApta hue the| zrI mahAvIra jaina vidyAlaya ke AgamoM kA saMskaraNa bhI yAkobI ke saMpAdana kI paddhati kI puSTi kara rahA hai| zubriga mahodaya ne prAkRta vyAkaraNakAroM ke mahArASTrI bhASA ke dhvani parivartana (madhyavartI vyaMjana saMbaMdhI) ke niyamoM kA akSaraza: pAlana / anusaraNa kiyA hai aisA spaSTa pratIta hotA hai| pro. zubriga mahodaya ne 'isibhAsiyAI =RSibhASitAni" kA bhI saMpAdana kiyA hai jo unake dvArA bhI eka prAcIna Agama grantha mAnA gayA hai| paraMtu usameM ardhamAgadhI zabda prayogoM ko sarvatra mahArASTrI prAkRta meM nahIM badalA hai| isa prakAra ke kitane hI prayoga usameM milate haiM jinameM se katipaya prayoga nIce diye jA rahe haiM jo zubriga mahodaya ke AcArAMga bhAga-1 meM kahIM para bhI nahIM mileMge, jabaki pro. yAkobI ke AcArAMga meM yatra-tatra aneka bAra prApta

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56EMARATHI jinavANI- jainAgama-sAhitya vizeSAGka ho rahe haiN| pro. yAkobI dvArA prayukta kucha aura vizeSa prayoga nIce diye jA rahe haiM jo saMpAdana kI dRSTi se viziSTa prakAra ke haiN| yaha tulanA aise prayogoM kI hai jinameM vyaMjanoM ko yAkobI ne TeDhA (italicise) kiyA hai aura unheM isa prakAra samajhAyA gayA hai ki prAcIna tAr3apatra kI pratoM meM madhyavartI vyaMjana yathAvat pAye jAte haiM, paraMtu uttarakAlIna kAgaja kI pratoM meM unameM mahArASTrI prAkRta ke niyamoM ke anusAra dhvani parivartana ('lopa' aura 'ha') kara diyA gayA hai| zubiMga mahodaya ke sAmane 28 varSa purAnA yAkobI kA saMskaraNa thA aura unhoMne yAkobI kI tulanA meM mUla graMtha kI anya hastaprateM bhI prApta kI thIM, cUrNI aura vRttiyoM kA bhI upayoga kiyA thA, taba phira bhASA ke prAcIna rUpoM ko kyoM badala DAlA? honA to aisA cAhie thA, ki yAkobI ke sivAya upayoga meM lI gayI anya pratoM meM jahAM-jahAM para bhI bhASika dRSTi se prAcIna pATha (pAli ke samAna) milate the unheM svIkAra karake saMzodhana kI prakriyA ko Age bar3hAnA thA, paraMtu isake badale meM unhoMne ardhamAgadhI kI zabdAvalI ko pUrNata: mahArASTrI meM badala diyaa| jaba unhoMne 'isibhAsiyAI' kA sampAdana kiyA to usameM bhI aneka sthaloM para mila rahe maulika prayoga vaise hI rakhe, unheM AcArAMga kI taraha kyoM nahIM badalA aura na hI bAda meM isa viSaya saMbaMdhI koI spaSTIkaraNa hI prakAzita kiyaa| isakA kyA kAraNa mAnA jAnA cAhie? pramAda yA zaithilya yA ajJAnatA yA avahelanA? pro. yAkobI ke dvArA svIkRta isa prakAra ke prayogoM kI vipulatA meM se kucha udAharaNa tulanAtmaka dRSTi se dekhieyAkobI zubriga pizala tulanAtmaka prAkRta vyAkaraNa kA peregrApha 1.1.1.2 annatarIo annayarIo annayarIo 433 1.5.1.1 avijANato avijANao avijANao 1.2.1.3 jIvite jIvie jIvie 357 1.1.1.2 nAyaM nAyaM 349 1.2.1.1 dhUtA dhUyA dhUyA 11.5.3 pavuccati pavuccai pavuccai 544 1.2.1.1 pitA piyA piyA 391 1.1.5.3 muccai muccai 561 1.1.5.4 vihiMsati vihiMsai vihiMsai 507 1.6.5.4 vadaMti vayaMti vayanti 488 isase yaha spaSTa hotA hai ki pro. zubiMga mahodaya ne aura unake pUrva pro. pizala mahodaya ne ardhamAgadhI prAkRta ke madhyavartI vyaMjanoM meM parivartana karake yA hastapratoM meM se aisA pATha svIkAra karake ardhamAgadhI prAkRta ke sAtha 398 nAtaM muccati

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- | jinAgamoM kI bhASA : nAma aura svarUpa 57 / vidvattAyukta sahAnubhUti pUrvaka vyavahAra nahIM kiyA hai| pratiyoM meM upalabdha mUla ardhamAgadhI ke pAThoM ke badale meM upalabdha vikRta pAThoM ko mahattva dekara mahArASTrI prAkRta ke niyamoM ko (dhvani parivartana saMbaMdhI) hI ardhamAgadhI ke lie bhI upayukta hone kA kRtrima upakrama kiyA hai| aisI avasthA meM pizala mahodaya ke dvArA ardhamAgadhI ke viSaya meM diye gaye dhvani parivartana saMbaMdhI niyamoM ko badalane kI anivAryatA bana jAtI hai| bhAvI bhASA vidvAnoM se yaha vinati hai ki ve isa kArya ko pUrA (zuddha) karane meM apanI vidvattA kA sadupayoga karane kI kRpApUrvaka himmata kareM aura ati dhIraja ke sAtha parizrama kareM evaM bhASA kA mUla svarUpa prasthApita kreN| Agama prabhAkara muni zrI puNyavijayajI ko hI yaha zreya milatA hai ki unhoMne ardhamAgadhI ke maulika svarUpa meM kisa prakAra kitanA parivartana yA kitanI vikRti AyI use Aja se pacAsa varSa pUrva hamAre sAmane prastuta karake isa dizA meM saMzodhana karane kI pravRtti ko mArgadarzana diyaa| isa carcA se spaSTa ho rahA hai ki mUla ardhamAgadhI (bha. mahAvIra kI vANI) pAli bhASA se milatI julatI thI, paraMtu paravartI kAlakrama meM isakA svarUpa badala gayA yA badala diyA gyaa| aba hama kucha anya Agama graMthoM ke antargata pAye jAne vAle ardhamAgadhI ke pAli bhASA ke samAna mUla pAThoM kA bhI avalokana kreNge| 'sUtrakRtAMga' dvitIya aMga evaM dvitIya Agama graMtha hai aura vaha bhI eka prAcIna racanA hai| isI prakAra 'dazavaikAlika' bhI prAcIna koTi kA mAnA jAtA hai| idhara una graMthoM, unakI cUrNiyoM-vRttiyoM ityAdi meM upalabdha hone vAle ve pATha diye jA rahe haiM jina para mahArASTrI prAkRta ke niyama sAmAnyata: sarvatra nahIM lagAye jA sakate haiN| ve zabda prayoga isa prakAra haiM aura unake sAmane unake saMskaraNoM kA saMketa kara diyA gayA hai| yaha vivaraNa madhyavartI vyaMjanoM se saMbaMdhita hai| -- ekao (sUtrakR. 1.1.1.18); eke (1.1.1.9) ekao (sU.kR. puNyavi.1.1.1.18) -- AgatA (1.1.1.16), migA (1.1.2.13) -- AcaraMti (1.2.3.23) -j- vijiuM (dazavaikAlika ke khaM.3 nAmaka prati meM pAThAntara) . -t- jIvitaM sU.kR. kI (1.1.1.5) cUrNI meM prApta pAThAntara] niyatI(1.1.1.16) mahabbhUtA (sU.kR. puNyavi. 1.1.1.7) satthovapAtiyA(1.1.1.11)

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jinavANI- jainAgama-sAhitya vizeSAGka sAsate (1.1.1.15) etaM (1.1.1.5 evaM puNyavi. 1.1.1.19) ito (1.1.1.12) kuto (sU.kR. evaM puNyavi. 1.1.2.17) tato sU.kR. evaM puNyavi(1.1.2.27)} AgatA(1.1.1.16),AhitA(1.1.1.20),puNyavi.(1.1.7,8,15, 16) kIrati (1.1.2.27) hoti (1.1.1.12) -p- santovapAtiyA (1.1.1.11) nAyaputte (1.1.1.27) jathA (yathA) puNyavi. (1.1.1.9), yahAM para 'tha' yathAvat mila rahA - --dha-- adha (sUtraka. ke pAThAntaroM meM usakI cUrNI kA pATha 1.1.1. 8), puNyavi. (1.1.2.8,24) atadhaM ( puNyavi. 1. 1.2.29) jadhA (yathA) (1.1.2.18), puNyavi. (1.1.2.6,18,22,31) -- adhe (sUtrakRtAMga cUrNI kA pATha 5.1.11, 10.2) medhAvI" (dazavai. agastyasiMha cUrNI, 5.2.42, 9.1.17), hastaprata khaM.4 meM 9.3.14) ja, nn , ny, kA nn meM badalanA I. san pUrva kI hI pravRtti thii| I. san ke pazcAt ke kAla meM ina tInoM kA 'paNa' meM bhI parivartana hone lagA jo mUlata: ardhamAgadhI meM bhI praviSTa huA hai (isake lie dekhie azoka, khAravela aura mathurA ke lekhoM kI bhASA) paravartI kAla meM to yaha eka mukhya pravRtti hI ho gayI hai aura prAyaH sarvatra mUrdhanya 'eNa' hI milegaa| -- =-nnnANaM (jJAnam 1.1.2.16) nAyaputte (jJAtRputraH 1.1.1.27), -nn-=-nnannaM (1.1.1.2) AvannA (ApannA 1.1.1.19) samuppanne (samutpanna: 1.1.1.4) -ny-=-naaNanno (ananya: 1.1.1.17) annaM (anyam 1 1.1.4,17, dazavai. 4.10.11)

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jinAgamoM kI bhASA annehiM (anyaiH 1.1.1.4) anno (anya : 1.1.1.17) ye sabhI prayoga udAharaNa svarUpa prastuta kiye gaye haiM aura ye to mAtra sUtrakRtAMga ke prAraMbha ke prathama adhyayana meM se hI uddhRta kiye gaye haiM / isa vidhi se yadi isa graMtha ke sabhI adhyAyoM meM se ardhamAgadhI ke prAcIna prayoga uddhRta kiye jAya to unakI saMkhyA kitanI bar3I hogI aura isake sivAya anya prAcIna Agama graMthoM yA unake prAcIna aMzoM meM se bhI aise hI bhASika dRSTi se aparivartita prayogoM ke uddharaNa prastuta kiye jAya to ardhamAgadhI prAkRta kA mUla svarUpa kitanA spaSTa ho jaaegaa| isI saMdarbha meM hamane apane 'prAkRta bhASAoM kA tulanAtmaka vyAkaraNa', dvitIya saMskaraNa ke anta meM ardhamAgadhI bhASA viSayaka nayI vizeSatAoM kA pariziSTa (adhyAya) jor3A hai jisameM vyAkaraNa ke kucha naye niyama diye gaye haiM aura 'isibhAsiyAiM' meM upalabdha ho rahe pAli ke samAna zabda rUpoM kI madhyavartI vyaMjanAnusAra tAlikA bhI jor3I hai| usI meM se katipaya prayoga cunakara yahA~ prastuta kara rahe haiM, jisase pAli bhASA aura ardhamAgadhI bhASA kitanI samAnatA aura nikaTatA rakhatI hai yaha spaSTa ho jaaegaa| nAma aura svarUpa 'isibhAsiyAI' ke udAharaNa rUpa kucha prayoga -k- aNeka, andhakAra, Akula, ulUka, ekanta, paraloka, vipAka, siloka / -ga- uraga, joga, payoga, paribhoga, miga, rAga, saMjoga, sobhAga / -ca- acalaM, acireNaM, bambhacArI, suciraM -ja - tejasA, parijaNa, bhojaNaM, mahArAja, vijANati, sahajA / -ta- ati Atura, etaM kutUhalaM, gati, jIvitAto, tatiyaM, dummati, nIti, , pitara, mAtA, viparIta, sAsata, hetu, arahatA, aMkurAto, ito, tato, savvato, Agacchati, khAdati, deti, bhavati, labhati, haNati, hasati, kurute, carate, vadatu, sAhetuM, Ahata, bhAsita, hArita / - d- Adi, uccheda, udaya, upadesa, khAdati, cheda, nArada, pamAda, vadati, visAda, sadA, saMpadA, hidaya / -na- anala, aMganA, anuvatta, vanadapAdava -pa- api, upadesa, ripu, viparIta, vipula - ya- Ayudha, tatiya, payoga, piya, hidaya -kha - sukheNa - gha - lAghavaM lAghavo, viNighAta 59 -tha- sArathI --dha--- adhara, anirodhI, asAdhu, osadha, kodha, dadhi, bahudhA, madhu, vividha,

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60 jinavANI- jainAgama-sAhitya vizeSAGka samAdhi, sAdhAraNa -bha- abhi- asubha, dullabha, pabhA, lobha, vibhUsaNa, subha, sobhAga / mahAvIra jaina vidyAlaya, bambaI dvArA saMpAdita AcArAMga ke saMskaraNa meM isI prakAra ke aneka pATha (prayoga) milate haiM jinameM na to madhyavartI alpaprANa vyaMjana kA lopa hai aura na hI madhyavartI mahAprANa vyaMjana kA 'ha' meM parivartana hai| mUla dantya 'na' prAraMbha meM adhika mAtrA meM aura madhya meM kabhIkabhI mila rahA hai (madhyavartI dantya 'n' ko mUrdhanya 'N' meM badalane kI paramparA I. san ke bAda kI hai / bha. mahAvIra aura bha. buddha tathA azoka ke zilAlekha, tIsarI zatAbdI I. san pUrva, khAravela ke prathama zatAbdI I: san pUrva yA mathurA ke IsvI san pUrva aura usake pazcAt kI eka do zatiyoM ke lekhoM meM yaha pravRtti nahIM cala par3I thii| isake sivAya una sabameM 'j, nna, nyU' kA 'nna' hI milatA hai| unake badale meM 'paNa' ke prayoga ne to I. san ke pracalita hone ke pazcAt ke kAla meM pradhAnatA prApta kI hai aura vaha bhI mahArASTrI prAkRta ke prabhAva meM Akara pazcimI bhArata kI lAkSaNikatA ko apanAyA gayA hai| 18 isa tathya zodhana (Fact finding archaic clements) ke bAre meM aMta meM sArarUpa diye gaye mantavya ko dekhie / " pAda TippaNa 1. dekhie "prAkRta sAhitya kA itihAsa", DaoN0 jagadIzacandra jaina, caukhambA vidyA bhavana, vArANasI - 1, 1961, pR. 33 2. vahI, pR. 269 3. dekhie merI pustaka Restoration of the Original Language of Ardhamagadhi Texts: Prakrit Jain Vidya Vikas Fund, Vol. 10, Ahmedabad, 1994 4. dekhie kalpasUtra kI prastAvanA gujarAtI (pR. 3 se 15): sArAbhAI maNilAla navAba, ahamadAbAda, 1952 evaM merI pustaka 'AcArAMga prathama zruta skaMdha', prathama adhyayana, prA. jai. vi. vi. phaMDa, ahamadAbAda, 1997 ke prAraMbha ke pRSTha xviii se xxv (graMthAka 13) / muni zrI puNyavijayajI ke dvArA kI gayI samIkSA ke mukhya mudde ye haiM "bhASA aura pAThoM kI dRSTi se pratiyoM meM bar3I hI samaviSamatA hai| azuddha pAThoM ke viSaya meM to kahanA hI kyA ? cUrNikAra aura TIkAkAroM ne kaise pATha aura AdarzoM ko apanAyA thA aisA darzAne vAlI Adarza pratiyAM bhI hamAre sAmane nahIM haiN| isI kAraNa AgamoM kI bhASA ke bAre meM bhASA zAstrIya vidvAnoM (pAzcAttya aura bhAratIya) ne jo kitane hI nirNaya lekara prastuta kiye haiM unheM mAnya rakhanA yogya nahIM mAnA jA sktaa| jarmana vidvAn pro. DaoN. ela. AlsaDarpha ne bhI jaisalamera (rAjasthAna) meM yaha dekhakara mujhe kahA thA ki 'isa viSaya meM puna: gaMbhIra vicAra karane kI AvazyakatA hai" / madhyavartI vyaMjanoM kA vikAra jisa pramANa meM Adhunika saMskaraNoM meM milatA hai utane pramANa meM maulika ardhamAgadhI meM nahIM thA / AcAryoM ne jAnabUjhakara samaya-samaya para mUla pAThoM ko (bhASika dRSTi se) badala DAlA hai| isI kAraNa jaina AgamoM kI mUla bhASA meM bar3A hI parivartana A gayA aura aba "jaina AgamoM kI mUla bhASA kaisI

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| jinAgamoM kI bhASA : nAma aura svarUpa na 61 thI use khoja nikAlane kA kArya daSkara ho gayA hai| yaha parivartana mala graMthoM taka hI sImita nahIM rahA. paraMta bhASyoM aura carNiyoM meM bhI yaha parivartana praveza kara gayA hai| unhoMne to jaina munivaroM se savinaya prArthanA bhI kI hai ki jaina AgamoM aura unake vyAkhyA graMthoM kI bhASA ke vAstavika adhyayana aura saMzodhana karane vAloM ko prAkata Adi bhASAoM ke gaMbhIra jAna ke lie parizrama karanA caahie| isa kArya ke lie AcArya zrI hemacandrAcArya kA 'prAkRta vyAkaraNa' hI paryApta nahIM hai, vaha to prAkRta bhASA kI eka bAlapothI ke samAna hai| sAtha hI prAcIna lipi zAstra ka utkRSTa jJAna aura lipi doSoM ke jJAna kI bhI utanI hI AvazyakatA hai|' AgamoM ke gahana adhyetA aura bahuzruta saMzodhaka ke uparyukta mantavya jaina saMghanAyakoM aura paMDitoM tathA jaina vidvAnoM ke lie kitane mArmika haiM ise zAnta mana se buddhipUrvaka dhyAna meM lene kI aparivArya AvazyakatA hai| 5. (i) pAli bhASA meM akArAnta pu.pra.e.va. ke lie-e pratyaya, hetvarthaka ke lie vaidika pratyaya, ttae, ittae, saptamI eka vacana ke lie- aMsi (azoka ke zilAlekhoM kA-si(=ssi) pratyaya aura 'ra' kAra kA 'la' kAra nahIM milate haiN| isa dRSTi se ardhamAgadhI prAkRta meM pAli bhASA kI apekSA se prAcIna tattva vidyamAna raha gaye haiM, yaha bhI eka mahattvapUrNa muddA dhyAna dene yogya hai / mUla pAli bhASA bhI saMskRta se bahuta adhika prabhAvita ho gayI aura vaha apane udgama sthala kI viziSTa lAkSaNitAe~ surakSita nahIM rakha skii| (ii) hemacandrAcArya ne to ardhamAgadhI kA vaidika-'ittae' pratyaya kA ullekha bhI nahIM kiyA 6. 'Isibhasiyaim', ed. Walther Schubring, (in German in the Roman Script), inzuden Nachrikhten der Academic der Wissens chaften Gottingen, 1942, pp. 489-576. The same text re-edited both the original Roman Script and in the Devanagari Script was republished by the L.D. Institute of Indology, Ahmedabad380009 (India) by Prof. Dalsukhbhai Malvania in 1974. It is known as a 'prAcIna jaina Agama' (an ancientjain Canonical work). One would find a lot of disparity between the language of the Acaranga and the Isibhasiyaim, both edited by the same author, i.e. prof. Schubring. It was published first of all 32 years after the edition of Acaranga (1910 A.D.). No doubt we have immense respect and honour for the pioneer like prof. Schubring in the field of Jain Studies but when there was so much disparity between the language of the Acaranga and Isibhasiyaim, the later being also an ancient composition like the Acaranga then why did he not consider it worthwhile to throw fresh light on the archaic nature of Ardhamagadhi, phonologically resembling pali and ancient inscriptions of Ashoka, Kharavela and Mathura. In this respect he has not been very careful and particulai and now it seems that he has avoided the topic of the language (Amg.) of Acaranga, which is an archaic prakrit in comparision with all the other prakrits.

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62 7. dekhie 'isibhAsiyAiM kA prAkRta sosAyaTI, ahamadAbAda 1998 8. isa paddhati se yaha nirvivAda pramANita hotA hai ki prAcIna pratiyoM meM madhyavartI vyaMjana lagabhaga pAli bhASA kI taraha hI yathAvat pAye jAte the, paraMtu paravartI kAla kI pratiyoM meM mahArASTrI prAkRta (dhvani parivartana) ke niyamoM ko lAgU karake unakA (alpaprANa kA) lopa aura (mahAprANa kA) 'ha' kara diyA gyaa| yaha saba prakriyA / parivartana AcAryo, upAdhyAyoM aura TokAkAroM ke mArgadarzana meM hI huA hai, jaisA ki Agama prabhAkara muni zrI puNyavijayajI kA mantavya hai jo Agama sAhitya ke gahana adhyetA aura advitIya saMzodhaka mAne jAte haiN| isa prakAra ke parivartana lehiyoM (lipikAroM) ke dvArA hI nahIM kiye gaye haiM aura mAtra unako hI yaha doSa denA sarvathA ayogya ginA jAnA caahie| lipikAra AgamoM aura unakI bhASA ke vidvAna nahIM the| vidvAn to jainAcArya, upAdhyAya aura munigaNa the aura ve hI bhagavAna mahAvIra ke upadezoM kI mUla bhASA surakSita nahIM rakha ske| ise kyA kahA jAya 'pramAda' yA 'vyAvahArika kuzalatA' ? paristhitivaza isa prakAra ke bhASika parivartana A gaye hoMge, paraMtu ina parivartanoM se bhagavAna mahAvIra kI mUla bhASA vikRta ho gayI aura isake kAraNa kucha vidvAna 'jinAgamoM' kI prAcInatA ke viSaya meM zaMkA karate hue saMkoca nahIM karate hai / * jinavANI- jainAgama-sAhitya vizeSAGka saMskRta zabdakoza, ke. Ara. candra, prAkRta TeksTa 9. pro. yAkobI ne apane AcArAMga ke saMskaraNa meM kucha zabda prayogoM meM kisI-kisI vyaMjana ko TeDhA (italicise) kiyA hai| aisA isalie karanA par3A ki tAr3apatroM kI purAnI hastapratoM meM to madhyavartI vyaMjana yathAvat milatA thA, paraMtu paravartI kAgaja kI pratoM meM usI prakAra ke prayogoM meM madhyavartI vyaMjanoM kA lopa aura madhyavartI mahAprANa kA 'ha' mila rahA thaa| yaha bheda darzAne ke lie unhoMne isa paddhati kI zaraNa lI hai| isase kitanA spaSTa ho rahA hai ki paravartI prAkRta vyAkaraNoM ke niyamoM ke prabhAva meM na Akara mUla pratiyoM meM jaise pATha mila rahe the vaise hI pATha pro. yAkobI ne apanAye haiN| isase kitanA spaSTa ho rahA hai ki mUla ardhamAgadhI ke prayoga kisa prakAra kAlAntara meM mahArASTrI prAkRta se prabhAvita hote rahe haiN| unhoMne hastapratoM meM upalabdha ho rahe kisI bhI pATha ke sAtha cher3achAr3a nahIM kI, paraMtu jisa prakAra ke prayoga (pATha) mila rahe the unheM vividha hastapratoM ke anusAra vaisA hI apanAyA hai| isa prakAra unhoMne hastapratoM ke pAThoM kI vizvasanIyatA banAye rkhii| unhoMne apane 'AcArAMga' ke saMskaraNa meM ardhamAgadhI prAkRta bhASA ke lie paravartI prAkRta vyAkaraNakAroM ke madhyavartI vyaMjanoM ke dhvani parivartana ke niyamoM para atyadhika bhAra nahIM diyA, kyoMki unakoM yaha pUrI jAnakArI thI ki ardhamAgadhI bhASA eka prAcInatama prAkRta hai jo pAli bhASA ke adhika najadIka hai aura kisI bhI prAkRta vyAkaraNakAra ne usakA vyavasthita aura vistRta vyAkaraNa hI nahIM likhaa| aisI avasthA meM usake mUla prayogoM ko mahArASTrI meM badalanA doSayukta bana jaaegaa| pro. yAkobI kI yaha sarvathA yogya aura prazaMsanIya paddhati Aja hameM yathAtathya ucita mArgadarzana de rahI hai, isameM zaMkA ko koI sthAna nahIM hai| pro. yAkobI kI isa paddhati kA lAbha pAzcAttya aura bhAratIya saMpAdakoM ne kyoM nahIM uThAyA aura isase koI bodha-pATha kyoM nahIM liyA yaha eka Azcarya kI bAta hai| 10. dekhie Upara kA pAda TippaNa naM. 4 / yahAM para jina-jina saMskaraNoM kA upayoga kiyA gayA hai ve isa prakAra haiM

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| jinAgamoM kI bhASA : nAma aura svarUpa 63 11. sUtrakR. yA sUtrakR.- sUtrakRtAMga sUtra, mahAvIra jaina vidyAlaya, bambaI, saM. muni jambUvijaya, 1978 12. sUtrakR.puNyavi. =sUtrakRtAMga sUtra, saM. muni puNyavijaya,prAkRta TeksTa sosAyaTI. __ ahamadAbAda, 13. dazavai.= dazavaikAlika sUtra, mahAvIra jaina vidyAlaya, bambaI, graMthamAlA naM. 15, 1977 14. cUrNiyoM meM se jo bhI pATha uddhRta kiye gaye haiM ve mUla graMtha ke saMskaraNa meM pAda TippaNoM meM uddhRta pAThAntaroM se liye gaye hai| 15. isase yaha darzAne kA hetu hai ki Age yahAM para anya prayogoM ke sAmane graMtha ke nAma kA ullekha nahIM hai| ve pATha ma.jai.vi. bambaI se prakAzita sUtrakRtAMga ke saMskaraNa meM se hI uddhRta kiye gaye haiN| 16. prAcIna AgamoM ke saMskaraNoM meM hastapratoM ke pAThoM ke AdhAra para jahAM para bhI aghoSa vyaMjanoM kA ghoSa vyaMjanoM meM parivartana milatA hai vaha zaurasenI ke prabhAva ke kAraNa nahIM huA hai paraMtu prAraMbhika avasthA meM hI mAgadhI prAkRta meM ghoSIkaraNa ke prayoga yatra-tatra milane zuru ho gaye the| yahI pravRtti Age jAkara zaurasenI kA mukhya lakSaNa bana gyii| vaise bhI ardhamAgadhI prAkRta mAgadhI aura tatpazcAt kI zaurasenI ke bIca (kAlAnukrama se bhASika vikAsa) kI avasthA meM apanA sthAna rakhatI hai| 17. agastyasiMha cUrNI ke ullekha ke lie dekhie ma.jai vidyAlaya dvArA prakAzita dazavaikAlika sUtra (graMthAMka 15, I. san 1977) ke prAraMbha meM upayoga meM lie gaye graMthoM aura hastapratoM kI sUci, pRSTha naM. 89 18. (i) ardhamAgadhI prAkRta kI prAkRta vaiyyAkaraNoM ne avahelanA kii| (ii) pariNAmasvarUpa usakA koI svataMtra vyAkaraNa hamAre sAmane nahIM aayaa| (iii) hemacandrAcArya eka mahAn jaina vibhUti aura vividha vidyAoM ke prakANDa vidvAna hote hue bhI unhoMne apane hI dharma ke prAcInatama zAstragraMthoM yAnI 'AgamoM' kI bhASA kI avahelanA kI, jabaki anya prAkRta bhASAoM ke mukhya-mukhya lakSaNoM para yathAyogya carcA kii| (iv) maukhika paraMparA bha. mahAvIra kI vANI kI mukhya bhASA ko surakSita nahIM rakha skii| (v) ardhamAgadhI prAkRta kA anya prAkRtoM kI taraha koI vyAkaraNa hI nahIM racA gyaa| ata: usane apanI viziSTatA kAlAnukrama aura sthala parivartana ke kAraNa vahAM kI bhASAoM se prabhAvita hokara kho ddaalii| (vi) Agama graMthoM ke sampAdakoM ke sAmane yaha bahuta bar3I samasyA thI, ata:unako mahArASTrI prAkRta ke dhvani-parivartana ke niyamoM ko hI ardhamAgadhI para bhI vivazatA se lAgU karanA pdd'aa| (vii) hastapratoM ke pAThoM meM itanI avyavasthA aura vividhatA thI ki kisa pATha ko maulika mAnA jAya yaha samajhanA eka jaTila prazna ho gayA aura taba phira saMpAdakoM ko pracalita mahArASTrI prAkRta ke niyamoM kA hI vivaza hokara sahArA lenA par3A aura usakA pariNAma yaha huA ki mUla ardhamAgadhI prAkRta mahArASTrI zabdAvalI se mahadaMza meM prabhAvita ho gayI / hastapratoM meM jo bhI prAcIna pATha pAli bhASA ke samAna baca gaye the unheM kRtrima aura bAda meM badale hue tathA saMskRta bhASA se prabhAvita hone kI vidvAnoM kI eka bhrAnta dhAraNA bana gyii|

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jinavANI- jainAgama-sAhitya vizeSAGka (viii) jina logoM ko prAkRta bhASAoM ke vikAsa-krama kA aitihAsika aura tulanAtmaka jJAna nahIM thA aise mahAnubhAvoM ke dvArA 'jinAgamoM' kA saMpAdana kiyA gayA aura isake kAraNa bhASA ke mUla svarUpa ko samajhane kI ciMtA kiye binA hastapratoM meM jo bhraSTa pATha the unheM bhI apanA liyA gyaa| I.san pUrva chaThI zatAbdI kI bhASA (pAli aura ardhamAgadhI) kA kyA svarUpa thA, yaha hama saba bhUla gaye aura bhASA vijJAna ke vikAsa ke krama se aparicita logoM ne apanI-apanI mAnyatAoM ke anusAra prAcInatama jina Agama graMthoM kA sampAdana kiyA, jisakI bhASA pAlibhASA se milatI julatI thI, pAli ke nikaTa kI bhASA thI, azoka, khAravela aura mathurA ke lekhoM kI bhASA kA svarUpa hamAre sAmane thA, paraMtu kAlAntara meM yaha saba prakAza meM Ane ke bAda bhI unakI bhASAoM kI prAcInatA ke svarUpa (mahArASTrI se bilkula bhinna) para bhI dhyAna diye binA AgamoM kI hastapratoM meM aneka sthaloM para upalabdha ho rahe parivartita bhraSTa pAThoM ko hI mAnyatA dekara jinAgamoM kI mUla bhASA ko badalane meM koI saMkoca kA anubhava nahIM kiyaa| kahane ko to bahuta gaurava ke sAtha isa para bhAra dete hai ki pavitra zAstra kI bhASA meM eka bhI vyaMjana, mAtrA Adi kA lopa, usakI vRddhi yA parivartana nahIM kiyA jAnA cAhie, lekina svayaM jaina dharmAcAryoM ne hI isa niyama kA pAlana nahIM kiyA hai| yaha saba ho gayA kyoMki hamAre dhArmika netAoM ko na to bhASA kA vyavasthita adhyayana karane kI ruci thI aura na hI unheM badalate hue kAla aura jJAna ke vikAsa ke sAtha apanA paricaya banAye rakhane kI tamannA thii| Agama prabhAkara munizrI ne apane DhaMga se isa vAstavikatA ko apane kalpasUtra ke prAraMbha meM bahuta hI vinayapUrvaka kaha diyA hai ki maulika ardhamAgadhI ke svarUpa ke viSaya meM kitanA pramAda baratA gayA aura use Aja eka khicar3I bhASA banA diyA gayA hai, phira bhI unhoMne himmata nahIM hArI aura maulika bhASA kI prasthApanA ke lie upayogI sujhAva bhI prastuta kiye haiN| dekhanA yaha hai ki jaina samudAya meM se kauna yaha bIr3A uThAne meM agrasara hotA hai? -375, sarasvatI nagara, AjAda sosAyaTI ke pAsa, ahamadAbAda-380015

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AgamoM ke adhikAra aura gaNipiTaka kI zAzvatatA *AcAryapravara zrI AtmArAma jI mahArAja AcAryapravara AtmArAma jI mahArAja zramaNa saMgha ke prathama AcArya the| unhoMne kaI AgamoM kA hindI meM vidvattApUrNa vivecana kiyA hai| prastuta pAThya sAmagrI unake dvArA nandIsUtra para likhI bhUmikA se saMgRhIta hai| isameM tIna viSaya haiM- (1) AgamoM ke zrutaskandha, adhyayana Adi kA abhiprAya (2) dvAdazAMGga gaNipiTaka meM parivartanazIlatA aura (3) zrutajJAna kA mhttv| -sampAdaka AgamoM ke adhyayana Adi adhikAra AgamoM kA prastutIkaraNa kahIM zrutaskandha ke rUpa meM, kahIM varga ke rUpa meM to kahIM dazA ke rUpa meM hotA hai| isI prakAra zataka, sthAna, samavAya, prAbhRta Adi zabdoM kA bhI prayoga huA hai| yahA~ para usI kI carcA kI jA rahI zrutaskandha-adhyayanoM ke samUha ko skandha kahate haiN| vaidika paramparA meM zrImadbhAgavata purANa ke antargata skandhoM kA prayoga kiyA gayA hai| pratyeka skandha meM aneka adhyAya haiN| jainAgamoM meM bhI skandha kA prayoga huA hai| kevala skandha kA hI nahIM, apitu zrutaskandha kA ullekha milatA hai| kisI bhI Agama meM do zrutaskandhoM se adhika skandhoM kA prayoga nahIM miltaa| AcArAMga, sUtrakRtAMga, jJAtAdharmakathA, praznavyAkaraNa aura vipAka sUtra inameM pratyeka sUtra ke do bhAga kie haiM, jinheM jaina paribhASA meM zrutaskandha kahate haiN| pahalA zrutaskandha aura dUsarA zrutaskandha, isa prakAra vibhAga karane ke do uddezya ho sakate haiM, AcArAMga meM saMyama kI Antarika vizuddhi aura bAhya vizuddhi kI dRSTi se aura sUtrakRtAMga meM padya aura gadya kI dRSTi se| jJAtAdharmakathA meM ArAdhaka aura virAdhaka kI dRSTi se tathA praznavyAkaraNa meM Azrava aura saMvara kI dRSTi se evaM vipAka sUtra meM azubhavipAka aura zubhavipAka kI dRSTi se viSaya ko do zrutaskandhoM meM vibhAjita kiyA gayA hai| pratyeka zrutaskandha meM aneka adhyayana haiM aura kisI-kisI adhyayana meM aneka uddezaka bhI haiN| varga- varga bhI adhyayanoM ke samUha ko hI kahate haiM, antakRtasUtra meM ATha varga haiN| anuttaraupapAtika meM tIna varga aura jJAtAdharmakathA ke dUsare zrutaskandha meM dasa varga haiN| dazA- daza adhyayanoM ke samUha ko dazA kahate haiN| jinake jIvana kI dazA pragati kI ora baDhI, use bhI dazA kahate haiM, jaise ki upAsakadazA, anuttaraupapAtikadazA, antakRddazA, ina tIna dazAoM meM itihAsa hai| jisa dazA meM itihAsa kI pracuratA nahIM, apitu AcAra kI pracuratA hai, vaha dazAzrutaskandha hai, isa sUtra meM dazA kA prayoga anta meM na karake Adi meM kiyA gayA hai|

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jinavANI- jainAgama-sAhitya vizeSAGka zataka - bhagavatI sUtra meM adhyayana ke sthAna para zataka kA prayoga kiyA gayA hai| anya kisI Agama meM zataka kA prayoga nahIM kiyaa| 66 sthAna - sthAnAMga sUtra meM adhyayana ke sthAna para sthAna zabda kA prayoga kiyA gayA hai| isake pahale sthAna meM eka - eka viSaya kA, dUsare meM do-do kA yAvat dasaveM meM dasa-dasa viSayoM kA kramazaH varNana kiyA gayA hai| samavAya- samavAyAMga sUtra meM adhyayana ke sthAna para samavAya kA prayoga huA hai, isameM sthAnAMga kI taraha saMkSipta zailI hai, kintu vizeSatA isameM yaha hai ki eka se lekara karor3a taka jitane viSaya haiM, unakA varNana kiyA gayA hai| sthAnAMga aura samavAyAMga ko yadi AgamoM kI viSayasUci kahA jAe to anucita na hogA / prAbhRta- dRSTivAda, candraprajJapti, sUryaprajJapti inameM prAbhRta kA prayoga adhyayana ke sthAna meM kiyA hai aura uddezaka ke sthAna para prAbhRtaprAbhRta / 1 pada - prajJApanA sUtra meM adhyayana ke sthAna meM sUtrakAra ne pada kA prayoga kiyA hai, isake 36 pada haiN| isameM adhikatara dravyAnuyoga kA varNana hai| pratipatti- jIvAbhigamasUtra meM adhyayana ke sthAna para pratipatti kA prayoga kiyA huA hai| isakA artha hotA hai - jinake dvArA padArtho ke svarUpa ko jAnA jAe, unheM pratipatti kahate haiM- pratipadyante yathArthamavagamyante'rthA Abhiriti pratipattayaH / vakSaskAra- jambUdvIpaprajJapti sUtra meM adhyayana ke sthAna para vakSaskAra kA prayoga huA hai| isakA mukhya viSaya bhUgola aura khagola kA hai / bhagavAna RSabhadeva aura bharata cakravartI kA itihAsa bhI varNita hai / uddezaka - adhyayana, zataka, pada aura sthAna inake upabhAga ko uddezaka kahate haiN| AcArAMga, sUtrakRtAMga, bhagavatI, sthAnAMga, vyavahArasUtra, bRhatkalpa, nizItha, dazavaikAlika, prajJApanA sUtra aura jIvAbhigama ina sUtroM meM uddezakoM kA varNana milatA hai| adhyayana- jainAgamoM meM adhyAya nahIM, apitu adhyayana kA prayoga huA hai aura usa adhyayana kA nAma nirdeza bhI / adhyayana ke nAma se hI jJAta ho jAtA hai ki isa adhyayana meM amuka viSaya kA varNana hai| yaha vizeSatA jainAgama ke atirikta anya kisI zAstra grantha meM nahIM pAI jaatii| AcArAMga, sUtrakRtAMga, jJAtAdharmakathAMga, upAsakadazAMga, antakRddazAMga, anuttaraupapAtika, praznavyAkaraNa, vipAka, uttarAdhyayana, dazavaikAlika, Avazyaka aura niriyAvalikA Adi 5 sUtroM tathA nandI - inameM AgamakAroM ne adhyayana kA prayoga kiyA hai| dvAdazAMga gaNipiTaka kyA sadaiva eka jaise rahate haiM ? dvAdazAMga gaNipiTaka sabhI tIrthaMkaroM ke zAsana meM niyamena pAyA jAtA hai. to kyA unameM viSaya varNana eka sadaza hI hotA hai? yA vibhinna paddhatiyoM

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| AgamoM ke adhikAra aura gaNipiTaka kI zAzvatatA 67 se hotA hai? isa prakAra aneka prazna utpanna hote haiN| ina praznoM ke uttara nimna prakAra se die jAte haiN| dravyAnuyoga, caraNakaraNAnuyoga aura gaNitAnuyoga inakA varNana to prAya: tulya hI hotA hai, yugAnukUla varNana zailI badalatI rahatI hai, kintu dharmakathAnuyoga prAyaH badalatA rahatA hai|updesh, zikSA, itihAsa, dRSTAnta, udAharaNa aura upamAeM ityAdi viSaya badalate rahate haiN| inameM samAnatA nahIM pAI jaatii| jaise ki kAkanda nagarI ke dhannA anagAra ne 11 aMga sUtroM kA adhyayana nau mahInoM meM hI kara liyA thA, aisA anuttaraupapAtika sUtra meM ullikhita hai| atimukta kumAra (evaMtAkumAra) jI ne bhI gyAraha aMga sUtroM kA adhyayana kiyA, jinakA vistRta varNana antagaDa sUtra ke chaThe varga meM hai, skandhaka saMnyAsI jo ki mahAvIra svAmI ke suziSya bane,unhoMne bhI ekAdazAMga gaNipiTaka kA adhyayana kiyA, aisA bhagavatI sUtra meM spaSTollekha milatA hai| isI prakAra meghakumAra munivara ne bhI gyAraha aMgasUtroM kA zrutajJAna prApta kiyA hai, aisA jJAtAdharmakathAsUtra meM varNita hai| ityAdi aneka uddharaNoM se prazna utpanna hotA hai ki kyA unhoMne una AgamoM meM apane hI itihAsa kA adhyayana kiyA hai? isakA uttara ikarAra meM nahIM, inkAra meM hI mila sakatA hai| ina pramANoM se yaha siddha hotA hai ki jo sUtra vartamAna kAla meM upalabdha haiM, ve unake adhyetA nahIM the, unhoMne sudharmAsvAmI ke atirikta anya kisI gaNadhara kI vAcanA ke anusAra gyAraha aMgoM kA adhyayana kiyA thaa| dRSTivAda meM AjIvaka aura trairAzika mata kA varNana milatA hai, to kyA bhagavAna RSabhadeva ke yuga meM bhI ina matoM kA varNana dRSTivAda meM thA? gaNDikAnuyoga meM eka bhadrabAhugaNDikA hai to kyA RSabhadeva bhagavAna ke yuga meM bhI bhadrabAhugaNDikA thI? inake uttara meM kahanA hogA ki ina sthAnoM kI pUrti tatsaMbaMdhI anya viSayoM se ho sakatI hai| niSkarSa yaha nikalA ki itihAsa-dRSTAnta-zikSA-upadeza tattva-nirUpaNa kI zailI sabake yuga meM eka samAna nahIM rhtii| hAM, dvAdazAMga gaNipiTaka ke nAma sadA avasthita evaM zAzvata haiM, ve nahIM badalate haiN| jisa aMga sUtra kA jaisA nAma hai,usameM tadanukUla viSaya sadA kAla se pAyA jAtA hai| viSaya kI viparItatA kisI bhI zAstra meM nahIM hotii| aisA kabhI nahIM hotA ki AcArAMga meM upAsakoM kA varNana pAyA jAe aura upAsakadazA meM AcArAMga kA viSaya varNita ho| jisa Agama kA jo nAma hai, tadanusAra viSaya kA varNana sadA sarvadA usameM pAyA jAtA hai| dvAdazAMga gaNipiTaka prAmANika Agama haiM, inameM saMzodhana, parivardhana tathA parivartana karane kA adhikAra dravya, kSetra, kAla aura bhAva ko dekhate hue zrutakevalI ko hai, anya kisI ko nhiiN| aura to kyA, akSara, mAtrA, anusvAra Adi ko bhI nyUna adhika karane kA adhikAra nahIM hai| jaM vAiddhaM vaccAmeliyaM hINakharaM. accakkharaM. payahINaM. ghosahINa, ityAdi zrutajJAna

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| 68 jinavANI- jainAgama-sAhitya vizeSAGaka ke aticAra haiN| aticAra ke rUpa meM ye tabhI taka haiM, jaba taka ki bhUla evaM abodha avasthA meM aisA ho jaae| yadi jAnabUjha kara anadhikAra ceSTA kI jAe to aticAra nahIM, apitu anAcAra kA bhAgI banatA hai| anAcAra mithyAtva evaM ananta saMsAra kA poSaka hai| veda, bAIbala, kurAna meM jaise kisI maMtra, pATha Ayata Adi kA koI bhI usakA anuyAyI hera-phera nahIM karatA, itanA hI nahIM pratyeka akSara va pada kA ve sammAna karate haiN| isI prakAra hameM bhI Agama ke pratyeka pada kA sammAna karanA caahie| aise hI artha ke viSaya meM samajhanA caahie| Agama-anukUla cAhe jitanA bhI artha nikala sake adhika se adhika nikAlane kA prayAsa karanA cAhie isameM koI doSa nahIM, balki pravacana prabhAvanA hI hai| jo siddhAnta Adi apanI samajha meM na Ae vaha galata hai, asaMbhava hai, AgamAnuyAyI ko aisA na kabhI kahanA cAhie aura na likhanA cAhie, ata: jJAniyoM ke jJAna ko apanI tuccha buddhi rUpa tarAjU se nahIM tolanA caahie| tameva saccaM, nIsaMkaM jaM jiNehiM paveiyaM jo arihanta bhagavantoM ne kahA hai, vaha ni:sandeha satya hai, isa maMtra se samyaktva tathA zruta kI rakSA karanI caahie| zrutajJAna kA mahattva parokSa pramANa meM zrutajJAna aura pratyakSa pramANa meM kevalajJAna donoM hI mahAn haiN| jisa taraha zrutajJAnI sampUrNadravya aura unakI paryAyoM ko jAnatA hai vaise hI kevalajJAna bhI sampUrNa dravya aura paryAyoM ko jAnatA hai| antara donoM meM kevala itanA hI hai ki zrutajJAna indriya aura mana kI sahAyatA se hotA hai, isalie usakI pravRtti amUrta padArthoM meM unakI artha paryAya tathA sUkSma arthoM meM spaSTatayA nahIM hotii| kevalajJAna nirAvaraNa hone ke kAraNa sakala padArthoM ko vizadarUpeNa viSaya karatA hai| avadhijJAna aura mana:paryavajJAna ye donoM pratyakSa hote hue bhI zrutajJAna kI samAnatA nahIM kara skte| pAMca jJAna kI apekSA, zrutajJAna, kalyANa kI dRSTi se aura paropakAra kI dRSTi se sarvocca sthAna rakhatA hai, zrutajJAna hI mukharita hai, zeSa cAra jJAna mUka haiN| vyAkhyA zrutajJAna kI hI kI jA sakatI hai| zeSa cAra jJAna, anubhavagamya haiM, vyAkhyAtmaka nhiiN| AtmA ko pUrNatA kI ora le jAne vAlA zrutajJAna hI hai| mArgapradarzaka yadi koI jJAna hai to vaha zrutajJAna hI hai saMyama-tapa kI ArAdhanA meM, parISaha upasargoM ko sahana karane meM sahayogI sAdhana zrutajJAna hai|updesh, zikSA, svAdhyAya, par3hanA-par3hAnA, mUla, TIkA, vyAkhyAna ye saba zrutajJAna hai| anuyogadvArasUtra meM zrutajJAna ko pradhAnatA dI gaI hai| zrutajJAna kA koI pArAvAra nahIM, ananta hai| /

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'Agama' zabda vimarza DaoN. harizaMkara pANDeya 'Agama' zabda kA prayoga jainadarzana meM hI nahIM zaiva, yoga, sAMkhya, nyAya Adi darzanoM meM bhI huA hai| Apta vacanoM ko Agama pramANa mAnane kI paramparA lagabhaga sabhI bhAratIya darzanoM meM rahI hai| kintu 'Agama' zabda kI prasiddhi zaiva evaM jaina darzanoM meM vizeSa huI hai| zaivAgama evaM jainAgama zabda isake pramANa haiN| DaoN. harizaMkara pANDeya ne taMtravAGmaya (zaivadarzana), yogadarzana, sAMkhyadarzana evaM nyAyadarzana meM 'Agama' kI carcA karane ke anantara isa Alekha meM jaina darzana sammata 'Agama' zabda kA vivecana kiyA hai| prAcInakAla se hI bhArata jJAna ke kSetra meM 'vizvaguru' ke rUpa meM prasiddha hai | jaba saMsAra ajJAna ke aMdhatamas se Acchanna thA, taba bhAratIya prajJAkAza meM jJAna kA bhAsvara bhAskara vidyotita thA / RSi, manISI evaM medhAvI puruSa dhyAna, sAdhanA aura samAdhi ke dvArA tattva kA, yathArtha kA, parama kA sAkSAtkAra karate the| usa parama meM samAdhistha hokara, ekatrAvasthita hokara Ananda sAgara meM nimajjita hote rahate the / Ananda sAgara meM nimajjana hI unake jIvana kA svArasya evaM parama prayojana ke rUpa meM abhilakSita thA / -sampAdaka parama kA sAkSAtkAra, tattva kI upalabdhi evaM satya kA jJAna kara jaba yathArtha draSTA RSi samAdhi se uparata hote the, to apane jJAna ko lokamaMgala evaM vizva kalyANa ke lie prazAntacitta, jitendriya evaM saMyamI ziSyoM ke hRdaya meM pratiSThita karate the / guru se sunakara ziSya paramavidyA ko prApta karate the, isalie use zruti kahA jAne lgaa| guru aura ziSya kI paramparA se Agata hone evaM yathArthavaktA ke dvArA upadiSTa hone ke kAraNa use hI Agama zabda se abhihita kiyA gayA / 'Agama' zabda kI vyutpatti- 'AG' upasarga pUrvaka 'gamlR gatau' dhAtu se ghaJ pratyaya karane se 'Agama' zabda niSpanna hotA hai / AG upasarga kA prayoga ISad, abhivyApta Adi arthoM meM hotA hai| 'AG' upasarga ke sAtha 'ata sAtatya gamane'' dhAtu se bAhulakAt aG pratyaya karane para bhI banatA hai| amarakozakAra ne nimna arthoM meM 'AG' kA nirdeza kiyA hai - AGISadarthe'bhivyAptau sImArthe dhAtuyogaje / gam dhAtu gatyarthaka hai / jo gatyarthaka haiM ve dhAtueM jJAnArthaka hotI haiM- 'ye gatyarthakAH te jJAnArthakA api bhavanti / ' isa nyAya se gam dhAtu jJAnArthaka bhI mAnA jaaegaa| jo satata jJAna meM gamana kare, satata jJAna meM lIna hai yA jo jJAna kA AdhAra (sAdhana) hai, use Agama kahA jaaegaa| 'AG' kA prayoga pANini ne maryAdA aura abhividhi artha meM kiyA hai| jisa jJAna ko samyak rUpa se prApta kiyA jAe yA jo jJAna maryAdApUrvaka guru-ziSya paramparA se A rahA hai, use 'Agama' kahate haiN| jisakI paramparA

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70 jinavANI- jainAgama-sAhitya vizeSAGaka maryAdApUrvaka calatI A rahI hai yA jo jJAna maryAdApUrvaka prApta kiyA jAtA hai, vaha Agama hai| Avazyaka niyuktikAra ne likhA hai- 'Aabhividhi maryAdArthatvAt abhividhinA maryAdayA vA gamaH pariccheda AgamaH / " 'gama' zabda kA prayoga aneka arthoM meM dekhA jAtA hai| amarakoza ne ise prasthAna kA paryAya mAnA hai- yAtrA vrajyAbhiniryANaM prasthAnaM gamanaM gamaH / jahAM maryAdApUrvaka prasthAna hai, ananta yAtrA kA samyak niyama udghoSita hai yA jisameM ananta kI ora prasthAna karane ke samyak saMsAdhanoM kA nirdeza hai, use Agama kahate haiN| 'Agama' zabda kA prayoga jaina evaM jainetara paramparAoM meM upalabdha hai| prathama dRSTyA jainetara paramparA meM Agama zabda vicAraNIya hai| jainetara paramparA meM Agama 1.1 taMtravAGmaya meM Agama-AgamoM kI paramparA anAdikAlIna hai| lakSmI taMtra ( upodghAta, pR.1 ) meM nirdiSTa hai ki anAdikAla se guru-ziSya paramparA se jo Agata zAstra saMdarbha hai, vaha Agama hai| 'Agama' zabda ke mUla meM paramparA khyAti kI pradhAnatA hai / Apta isalie Apta kahA jAtA hai, kyoMki vaha paramparA prApta evaM kAlavazAt ucchinna vastu tathya ko hRdayaMgama kara janajIvana ke lie prakaTa karatA hai| prasiddhi athavA nirUr3hi kI paramparA hI Agama hai, jo viziSTa vAkya racanAoM ke rUpa meM nibaddha tathA mahApuruSoM ke anuSThAnoM meM, kRtyoM meM anibaddha rUpa se dekhI jA sakatI hai| svacchanda taMtra meM Agama lakSaNa kA nirdeza hai adRSTavigrahAt zAntAcchviAtparamakAraNAt / dhvanirUpaM viniSkrAntaM zAstraM paramadurlabham / / amUrtAd gaganAdyadvannirghAto jAyate mahAn / zAMtAtsaMvinmayAt tadvacchabdAkhyaM zAstram / / arthAt adRSTa vigraha, amUrtta, gaganavat sarvavyApI jagat ke paramakAraNa jJAnamaya ziva se samutpanna paramadurlabha dhvani rUpa zabda zAstra Agama hai| isI taraha kA rudrayAmala taMtra meM bhI nirdeza milatA hai AgataH zivavaktrebhyo gatazca girijAnane / 8 magnazca hRdayAmbhoje tasmAdAgama ucyate / / arthAt parama ziva ke mukha se utpanna evaM girijAmukha se Agata jJAna ko Agama kahate haiM / ' zAstrasya / no svacchandodyota meM kathita hai ki 'A samantAt gamayati abhedene vimRzati paramezaM svarUpaM iti kRtvA parazaktirevAgamaH tatpratipAdakastu zabdasaMdarbhaH tadupAyatvAt

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'Agama' zabda vimarza 71 arthAt paramezvara ke rUpa kA abheda rUpa se vimarzana karane vAlI parazakti hI Agama hai aura usa tattva kA pratipAdaka zabda saMdarbha bhI Agama hai| jisake hRdaya meM jisa siddhAnta kI nirUr3hi ho gayI, usake lie vahI Agama hai- dRDhavimarzarUpa-zabda AgamaH, A samantAt artha gamayatIti / 10 varAhI taMtra meM Agama kA lakSaNa nimna rUpa se nirdiSTa hai sRSTizca pralayazcaiva devatAnAM yathArcanam / sAdhanaM caiva sarveSAM purazcaraNameva ca / / SaTkarma sAdhanaM caiva dhyAnayogazcaturvidhaH / 11 saptabhirlakSaNairyuktamAgamaM tadvidurbudhAH / / arthAt jisameM sAta viSaya pratipAdita ho, use Agama kahate haiN| ye sAta viSaya haiM: 1. sRSTi- jagatkAraNa, upAdAna aura utpatti kA varNana, 2. pralaya nirUpaNa, 3. devatAoM kI arcanA, 4. sarvasAdhana prakAra varNana - vividha siddhiyoM ke sAdhana kA prakAra nirdeza 5. purazcaraNa kramavarNana-mohana, uccATana Adi vidhiyoM kA varNana, 6. SaTkarma nirUpaNa-zAMti, vazIkaraNa, stambhana, vidveSaNa, uccATana, mAraNa Adi kA sAdhana vidhAna / 7. dhyAna yoga- ArAdhya ke dhyAna ke nimitta yoga-prakriyA kA varNana / 1.2 yogadarzana aura Agama- yogadarzana meM svIkRta tIna pramANoM meM Agama tIsare pramANa ke rUpa meM svIkRta hai pratyakSAnumAnAgamAH pramANAni (yogasUtra 1.7 ) para vyAsa bhASya meM Apta ke dvArA dRSTa artha ko Agama kahA gayA hai- Aptena dRSTo'numito vA'rthaH paratra svabodhasaMkrAntaye zabdenopadizyate / 12 arthAt Apta puruSa ke dvArA dRSTa yA anumita (pratyakSakRta, sAtmIkRta) artha kA dUsare ke avabodha ke lie zAbdika upadeza Agama hai| vAcaspatimizrakRta tattvavaizAradI ke anusAratattvadarzanakAruNyapATavAbhisaMbaMdha AptiH tayA vartata ityAptastena dRSTo'numito vA'rthaH, AptacitavarttijJAnasadRzasya jJAnasya zrotRcitte samutpAdaH / arthAt tattvadarzana eva kAruNyAdi se saMvalita Apta dvArA dRSTa, anumita artha Agama hotA hai, jisase zrotA ke citta meM AptasadRza jJAna kA samutpAda hotA hai| rAghavAnanda sarasvatI 'pAtaJjala rahasya' ke anusAra 'tat sAkSAtparamparayA vA dRSTAnumitAbhyAM vyAptam / arthAt sAkSAt athavA paramparA se Apta puruSa ke dvArA dRSTa athavA anumita arthoM se jo vyApta hotA hai vaha Agama hai|

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72 jinavANI- jainAgama-sAhitya vizeSAGka vijJAna bhikSu ne 'yogavArtika' meM Agama kA lakSaNa isa prakAra diyA Apteneti bhramapramAdavipralipsAkaraNApATavAdidoSarahite ne tyarthaH mUlavaktrabhiprAyeNa zruto veti| AptAdAgacchati vRttirityAgamaH / arthAt bhrama, pramAda, utkaTa lipsA, akuzalatAdi doSoM se rahita Apta puruSa kI vANI ko Agama kahate haiN| Apta puruSa se Agata vidyA yA pramANa Agama hai| AgamapramANamUlaka grantha bhI Agama zabda se vyavahRta hote 1 bhojavRtti meM kathita hai - AptavacanaM AgamaH / - 1.3 sAMkhyadarzana meM Agama-sAMkhya darzana meM tIna pramANa svIkRta haiM- pratyakSa, anumAna aura zabdapramANa / zabda pramANa hI Agama hai| sAMkhyasUtra meM nirdiSTa AptopadezaH zabdaH 13 Apta puruSoM ke dvArA kathita yA prarUpita zabda pramANa hai| sAMkhyakArikA ke anusAra yathArtha vAkya janya jJAna zabda pramANa hai 24 AptazrutirAptavacanaM tu / brahmAdi AcAryoM ke vacana evaM vedavacana ko Aptavacana kahA gayA hai| kyoMki inase sAkSAdartha athavA yathArtha kI upalabdhi hotI hai| (draSTavya mATharavRttiH) mATharavRttikAra ne Agama ke svarUpa ko udghATita karane ke lie bhagavAna kapila ke vacana ko uddhRta kiyA hai Agamo hyAptavacanamAptaM doSakSayAd viduH / kSINadoSo'nRtaM vAkyaM na brUyAddhetvasambhavAt / svakarmaNyabhiyukto yo rAgadveSavivarjitaH / 15 pUjitastadvidhairnityamApto jJeyaH sa tAdRzaH / / arthAt Aptavacana ko Agama kahate haiM / doSoM se jo zUnya ho usako Apta kahate haiM, kyoMki doSazUnya vyakti jhUTha nahIM bola sktaa| jo apane karma meM tatpara ho, rAga dveSa rahita ho, aise hI logoM se sammAnita ho use Apta kahate haiM / sAMkhyatattvakaumudI meM vAcaspatimizra ne likhA hai- AptA prAptA yukteti yAvat / AptA cAsau zrutizcetyAptazrutiH, zrutivAkyajanitaM vAkyArthaM jJAnam / 16 arthAt sAkSAtkRtadharmApuruSa, yathArtha ke grahaNakartA tathA upadeSTA ko Apta kahate haiM, unhIM kA vacana Aptavacana hai| zruti vAkya Apta vacana hai| sAMkhyatattva yAthArthyadIpana meM zabda (Agama) pramANa kI vyAkhyA kI gaI hai| 1. AptavacanajanyajJAnaM zabdaH pramA tatkaraNaM zabdapramANamityekaM lakSaNam, 2. AptavacanajanyA padArthasaMsargAkArAntaHkaraNavRttiriti dvitIyaM zabdapramANam,

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'Agama' zabda vimarza 73 3. Aptastu svakarmaNyabhiyukto rAgadveSarahito jJAnavAn zIlasampannaH / idantu jJAnopadeSTurevAptalakSaNam / vastuto yathAbhUtasyopadeSTA puruSa ityeva / arthAt jJAnavAn, zIla sampanna, rAgadveSa rahita puruSa Apta kahalAtA hai, usake vacana ko Apta-vacana athavA Agama (zabda) pramANa kahate haiN| 1.4 nyAyadarzana meM Agama - nyAyadarzana meM cAra pramANoM ko svIkRta kiyA gayA hai - pratyakSa, anumAna, upamAna aura zabdapramANa / zabdabodha rUpa yathArtha jJAna ke sAdhana ko zabda kahate haiM / isI ko Aptavacana aura Agama bhI kahate haiM / nyAyasUtrakAra gautama ne AptopadiSTa vacana ko zabda pramANa mAnA haiAptopadezaH zabdaH / " paravartI AcAryoM ne kiMcit parivartana ke sAtha isakI paribhASA dI hai- AptavAkyaM zabdaH (tarkabhASA, tarkasaMgraha), vAtsyAyana ne nyAyabhASya meM sAkSAtdharmA yA dharma kA sAkSAtkAra karane vAle vyakti ko Apta kahA hai, cAhe hastAmalakavat tattvajJAna kA sAkSAtkAra kara liyA hai, yathArtha vaktA hai, rAgAdi se zUnya hai tathA nirmala antaHkaraNa vAlA hai vaha Apta hai| jaina paramparA meM Agama kA svarUpa digambara evaM zvetAmbara sAhitya meM Agama kI aneka paribhASAeM milatI haiN| adhyayana kI suvidhA ke lie prApta paribhASAoM ko nimnalikhita saMvarga meM rakha sakate haiM 1. Agama tIrthaMkara vANI hai- niyamasAra meM yaha tathya nirdiSTa hai ki jo tIrthakara ke mukha se samudbhUta hai vaha Agama hai tassamuhaggadavaNaM puvvAparadosavirahiyaM suddhaM / 18 du Agamidi parikahiyaM teNa da kahiyA havaM taccatthA / / anyatra bhI pramANa milate haiM AgamastanmukhAravindavinirgatasamastavastuvistArasamarthanadakSacaturavacanasaMdarbhaH" arthAt tIrthaMkara ke mukhAravinda se vinirgata sampUrNa vastuoM ke vistAra ke samarthana meM dakSa evaM catura vacana ko Agama kahate haiN| 2. Agama vItarAga vANI hai- rAgadveSa-rahita puruSoM ke dvArA prakathita vacana Agama hai- Agamo vItarAgavacanam arthAt Agama vItarAga vacana 1 paMcAstikAya tAtparyavRtti meM aisA hI ullekha haivItarAgasarvajJapraNItaSadravyAdisamyak zraddhAnajJAnavratAdyanuSThAnabhedaratnatrayasvarUpaM yatra pratipAdyate tadAgamazAstraM bhaNyate / * 21 arthAt vItarAga sarvajJadeva ke dvArA kathita SaDdravya evaM saptatattvAdi kA samyak zraddhAna evaM jJAna tathA vratAdi ke anuSThAna rUpa cAritra, isa prakAra jisameM bhedaratnatraya kA svarUpa pratipAdita kiyA gayA hai, usako AgamazAstra

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| 74 jinavANI- jainAgama-sAhitya vizeSAGka kahate haiN| 3. Agama sarvajJa praNIta hai- AgamaH sarvajJena nirastarAgadveSeNa praNItaH upeyopAyatattvasya khyApakaH arthAt rAgadveSa jisake nirasta ho gae haiM, vaise sarvajJoM ke dvArA praNIta Agama hai, jo prAptavya evaM prApti ke sAdhanoM kA nirUpaka hotA hai| 4. Agama Aptavacana hai-Apta puruSoM kI vANI Agama hai, isake aneka pramANa milate haiM 01. attassa vA vayaNaM Agamo arthAt Apta kA vacana Agama hai| 02. Agamo hayAptavacanamAptaM doSakSayAd viduH|| 03. AgamaH............AptapraNItaH arthAt Agama AptapraNIta hai| 04. AptavyAhRtirAgamaH arthAt Apta dvArA vyAhRta Agama hai| 05. AptavacanAdinibaMdhanamarthajJAnamAgamaH arthAt Aptavacana se jo artha __ kA jJAna hotA hai, vaha Agama hai| 06. AptoktijArthavijJAnamAgamaH" arthAt Apta ukti se utpanna artha __kA jJAna hotA hai, vaha Agama hai| 07. AptavacanAdAvirbhUtamarthasaMvedanamAgamaHupacArAt AptavacanaM ceti arthAt Aptavacana se jo artha jJAna(arthasaMvedana) utpanna hotA hai, vaha Agama hai| gauNa rUpa se Aptavacana hI Agama hai| 08. abAdhitArtha pratipAdakam AptavacanaM AgamaH arthAt abAdhita artha kA pratipAdaka Aptavacana Agama kahalAtA hai| 09. Aptena hi kSINadoSeNa pratyakSajJAnena praNIta Agamo bhavati' arthAt jisake sabhI doSa samApta ho gae haiM, aise pratyakSa jJAniyoM ke dvArA praNIta Agama hai| 5. guru paramparA se prApta jJAna-vijJAna Agama hai 01. AcAryapAramparyeNAgacchatItyAgam arthAt jo AcArya-paramparA, guru-ziSya paramparA se prApta hotA hai vaha Agama hai| 02. gurupAramparyeNAgacchatyAgamaH 2 arthAt jo guru paramparA se AtA hai __ vaha Agama hai| 03. tadupadiSTa buddhyatizayarddhiyukta-gaNadharAvadhAritaM zrutam arthAt kevalI bhagavAn ke dvArA kahA gayA tathA atizaya buddhi evaM Rddhi ke dhAraka gaNadhara devoM ke dvArA jo dhAraNa kiyA jAtA hai vaha Agama hai(zruta hai)| 04. AgacchatIti AcAryaparamparAvAsanAdvAreNetyAgamaH' arthAt jo tattva 34

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| 'Agama' zabda vimarza 75 AcArya paramparA se vAsita hokara AtA hai, vaha Agama hai| 6. pUrvApara aviruddhavANI Agama hai 01. puvvAvaradosavirahiyaM arthAt pUrvApara doSoM se jo rahita vANI hai vaha Agama hai| 02. pUrvAparavirodhazaMkArahitastadAlocanAtattvaruciH Agama ucyate, arthAt pUrvApara virodha evaM zaMkAdi se rahita AlocanA evaM tattvaruci ko Agama kahate haiN| 03. pUrvAparaviruddhAdervyapeto dosssNhteH| dyotakaH sarvabhAvAnAmAptavyAhRtirAgamaH / / ___arthAt pUrvAparaviraddha doSasamUha se rahita, sabhI bhAvoM kA dyotaka Aptavacana Agama hai| 04. pUrvAparAviruddhArthapratyakSAdyairabAdhitam arthAt pUrvApara aviruddha evaM pratyakSAdi se abAdhita Agama hotA hai| 7. heyopAdeya kA prarUpaka hai Agama- saMyama jIvana ke vikAsa ke lie yA jIvana ke utkarSa ke lie kauna-kaunasI vastueM tyAjya haiM aura kaunasI grAhya haiM, isakA nirUpaNa Agama meM kiyA jAtA hai| 01. heyopAdeyarUpeNa caturvargasamAzrayAt / kAlatrayagatAnAn gamayannAgamaH smRtH|| (upAsakAdhyayana, somadevasUrikRta) heya aura upAdeya rUpa se cAra vargoM kA samAzrayaNa kara tInoM kAloM meM vidyamAna padArthoM kA jo nirUpaNa karatA hai, vaha Agama hai| 02. bhavyajanAnAM heyopAdeyatattvapratipattihetubhUtamAgamaH arthAt bhavyajanoM ke lie heya aura upAdeya tattvoM kA pratipattikAraka Agama hai| 8. nirvANa aura saMsAra kA nirUpaka Agama hai yatra nirvANa-saMsArau nigadyete skaarnnau| sarvabAdhakavinirmukta Agamo'sau / / arthAt jahAM para nirvANa aura saMsAra kI sakAraNa vyAkhyA kI jAe aura jo sabhI bAdhaka tattvoM se vinirmukta hai, vaha Agama hai| 9. yathArtha tattvoM kA nirUpaka Agama hai 01. AgamanamAgamaH - AG abhividhimaryAdArthatvAt abhividhinA maryAdayA vA gamaH pariccheda aagm| 10. yathArtha tattvoM kA pratipAdaka Agama 01. Agamyante paricchidyante atIndriyA padArthAH anenetyAgamaH' arthAt jisase atIndriya padArthoM kA yathArtha jJAna ho vaha Agama hai| 02. Agamyante maryAdayA'vabudhyante'rthA anena iti AgamaH arthAt jisase maryAdApUrvaka artha avabodha(padArtha kA yathArthajJAna) hotA hai, use

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RCHATTER [ 76 jinavANI- jainAgama-sAhitya vizeSAGka Agama kahate haiN| 03. maryAdayA vA yathAvasthitaprarUpaNayA gamyante paricchidyante yena sa aagmH| arthAt maryAdApUrvaka yA yathAvasthita rUpa se padArthoM kA yathArtha jJAna jisake dvArA hotA hai vaha Agama hai| Agama vargIkaraNa Agama kI aneka paramparAe~ haiM, unameM jaina Agama prathita haiN| jaina sAhitya kA prAcInatama evaM pramukha bhAga Agama hai| samavAyAMga meM Agama ke do bheda prApta hote haiM- 1. dvAdazAMga gaNipiTaka aura 2 . caturdaza puurv| nandIsUtra meM zrutajJAna (Agama) ke do bheda kie gae haiM- aMgapraviSTa aura aNgbaahy| isa prakAra nandIsUtra kI racanA taka Agama ke tIna vargIkaraNa ho jAte hai- 1. pUrva 2. aMgapraviSTa aura 3. aMgabAhya / Aja aMgapraviSTa evaM aMgabAhya upalabdha haiM, pUrva upalabdha nahIM haiN| vargIkaraNa ke AdhAra 1. jinabhadragaNi kSamAzramaNa ne aMgapraviSTa aura aMgabAhya ke bheda nirUpaNa meM tIna kAraNa prastuta kie haiM gaNaharatherakayaM vA AesA mukkavAgaraNao vaa| dhuvacalavisesao vA aMgANaMgesu nANattaM / / / arthAt jo 1.gaNadharakRta hotA hai 2. gaNadhara dvArA prazna kie jAne para tIrthakara dvArA pratipAdita hotA hai 3. dhruva evaM zAzvata satyoM se saMbaMdhita hotA hai, sudIrghakAlIna hotA hai, vahI zruta 'aMga praviSTa' kahA jAtA hai| isake viparIta jo 1. sthavirakRta hotA hai, 2. jo prazna pUche binA tIrthaMkara dvArA pratipAdita hotA hai 3. jo cala hotA hai, tAtkAlika yA sAmayika hotA hai, usa zruta kA nAma aMga bAhya hai| 2. vaktA ke AdhAra para hI AgamoM ke aMgapraviSTa evaM aMgabAhya do bheda karate haiN| tattvArtha bhASya (1.20) meM likhita hai- vaktRvizeSAd dvaividhym|' sarvArthasiddhikAra ne tIna prakAra ke vaktA kA nirdeza kiyA hai-trayo vaktAra:-sarvajJastIrthakara: itaro vA zrutakevalI ArAtIyazceti (sarvArtha:1.20) arthAt 1.sarvajJa tIrthakara 2. zrRta kevalI aura 3. ArAtIya aacaary| ArAtIya AcAryoM ke dvArA viracita jJAnarAzi ko aMgabAhya kahate 43 3. tIrthaMkaroM dvArA artha rUpa meM bhASita tathA gaNadharoM dvArA graMtha rUpa se grathita Agama aMgapraviSTa kahalAte haiN| sthaviroM sampUrNa zrutajJAnI aura dazapUrvI AcAryoM dvArA viracita Agama aMgabAhya kahalAte hai| aMgapraviSTa AgamadvAdazAMga ke nAma se jAnA jAtA hai-- 1. AcAra 2

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Agama zabda vimarza sUtrakRta 3 sthAna 4. samavAya 5. bhagavatI 6. . jJAtAdharmakathA 7. upAsakadazA 8. antakRddazA 9. anuttaraupapAtika 10 praznavyAkaraNa 11. vipAka aura 12. dRSTivAda / inameM 11 aMga hI upalabdha haiM, dRSTivAda upalabdha nahIM hai| aMgabAhya Agama-sAhitya meM upAMga, cheda sUtra, mUlasUtra evaM cUlikA sUtra kA saMgrahaNa kiyA jAtA hai / upAMga bAraha haiM- aupapAtika, rAjapraznIya, jIvAbhigama, prajJApanA, sUryaprajJapti, jambUdvIpa prajJapti, candraprajJapti, kalpikA, kalpAvataMsikA, puSpikA, puSpacUlikA evaM vRSNidazA / cAra chedasUtra haiMvyavahAra, bRhatkalpa, nizItha aura dazAzrutaskandha / cAra mUlasUtra haiMdazavaikAlika, uttarAdhyayana, nandI evaM anuyogadvAra sUtra / isa prakAra 32 Agama haiN| inakI saMkhyA 45 evaM 84 taka mAnate haiM / saMdarbha 01. saMskRta dhAtukoSa-saMpAdaka yudhiSThira mImAMsaka, bahAlagar3ha sonIpata, hariyANA / vi. saM. 2046, pR. 34 02. saMskRta dhAtukoSa, pR. 6 03. amarakoza 3.3.239, pR. 440, sudhAvyAkhyA samupeta 04. pANini, aSTAdhyAyI, 2.1.13 05. Avazyaka niryukti, malayavRtti 21, pR. 49 06. amarakoza 2.8.95, pR. 296 07. IzvarapratyabhijJA vivRtti-vimarzinI, AcArya abhinava gupta, pR. 97 08. rUdrayAmala tantra (vAcaspatyam prathama khaNDa, pR. 616 para dekheM pAda TippaNI) 09. svacchandodyota, paTala 4, pR. 214 10. IzvarapratyabhijJAvivRttivimarzinI, adhyAya 2, pR. 96 11. bhAratIya darzana, baladeva upAdhyAya, pR. 631 para uddhRta 12. yogasUtra 1.7 para vyAsabhASya 13. sAMkhya sUtra 1101 14. sAMkhyakArikA, 5 15. sAMkhyakArikA 5 para mATharavRtti 16. sAMkhyakArikA 5 para 17. nyAyasUtra 1.1.7 18. niyamasAra gAthA 8 19. niyamasAra vRtti 1.5 20. dharmaratnaprabodha, svopajJavRtti, pRtra. 57 21. paMcAstikAyatAtparyavRtti 173.225 22. bhagavatI ArAdhanA, vijayodayA TIkA 23 23. anuyogadvAra cUrNi pR. 16 24. sAMkhyakArikA 5 para mATharavRtti 25. tattvArthabhASyavRtti, siddhasenagaNi 1.3, pR. 40 26. dhavalApurANa uttarArtha, pR. 123 27. parIkSAmukha 3.99, nyAyadIpikA pR. 112 28. AcArasAra, vIrananTi 3.5

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| 78 jinavANI- jainAgama-sAhitya vizeSAGka 29. pramANanayatattvAloka 4.1, jaina tarka bhASA, pR. 19 30. ratnakaraNDaka zrAvakAcAra TIkA-4 31. anuyogadvAra hAribhadrIyavRtti 4.38, pR. 22 32. tatraiva maladhArIyaTIkApatra 202 33. rAjavArtika 6.13.2 34. bhASyAnusAriNI TIkA, pR. 87 35. niyamasAra gAthA 8 36. bhASyAnusAriNI vRtti 1.3, pR. 40 37. dhavalA 3.12.123 38.dharmaparIkSA 18.74 39. jItakalpasUtra viSamapadavyAkhyA, zrI candrasUri, pR.33 40. ratnAkarAvatArikA 4.1, pR. 35 41. Avazyakaniyukti, malayavRtti 21, pR. 33 42. nandIsUtra 43 43. vizeSAvazyakabhASya, gAthA 552

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Agama kA adhyayana kyoM ? zAsanaprabhAvikA mainAsundarIjI ma.sA. Agama ke adhyayana kI AvazyakatA evaM mahattva viSaya para AcAryazrI hIrAcandra jI ma.sA. kI AjJAnuvartinI zAsanaprabhAvikA mahAsatI zrI mainAsundarIjI ma.sA. ne sAmAyika-svAdhyAya bhavana meM 3 se 5 akTUbara 2001 taka pravacana pharamAye the / pravacanoM ko saMkalita / vyavasthita kara lekha rUpa meM prakAzita kiyA jA rahA hai| - sampAdaka Agama kyA hai ? hamAre samakSa eka prazna ubhara kara AtA hai ki Agama kyA hai ? uttara spaSTa najara AtA hai ki tIrthaMkara bhagavantoM ke hRdaya meM jagajjIvoM ke prati ananta karuNA kA srota lahalahAtA hai| ve vizva ke jIvoM ke hita va kalyANa ke lie jo amRtamaya dezanA pharamAte haiM, pravacana dete haiM, usI pravacana ko Agama kahate haiN| zAstroM meM kahA hai "atthaM bhAsai arahA, suttaM gaMthanti gaNaharA niuNaM / " arthAt artha rUpa Agama ke vacana tIrthakara pharamAte haiM aura usako sUtrarUpa meM gaNadhara gUMthate haiN| unhIM ke vacana Agama kahalAte haiM / athavA to rAgadveSa ke vijetA mahApuruSoM ke vacana Agama kahalAte haiN| AptavANI Agama hai| AgamoM kA adhyayana kyoM kiyA jAtA hai? AgamoM kA adhyayana karane ke pIche hamArA bahuta bar3A hetu hai| anAdikAla se jIvana meM rahe hue kAma, krodha, moha, vAsanA evaM vikAroM kA Agama adhyayana se jar3amUla se nAza hotA hai| jIvana meM jJAna kA mahAprakAza prakaTa hotA hai| uttarAdhyayana sUtra ke battIsaveM adhyayana meM zramaNa bhagavAna mahAvIra svAmI ne pharamAyA "nANassa savvassa pagAsaNAe aNNANamohassa vivajjaNAe / rAgassa dosassa ya saMkhaeNa, egantasokkhaM samuvei mokkhaM / " arthAt sampUrNa jJAna ke prakAzana se, ajJAna aura moha ke nAza se, rAga aura dveSa ke sarvathA kSaya se jIva ekAnta sukha rUpa mokSa ko prApta karatA I vItarAga bhagavantoM kI vANI nirdUSita hotI hai / usameM vacanAtizaya hotA hai / dazAzrutaskaMdha sUtra meM AcAryoM kI ATha saMpadAoM kA vicAra calA hai| unameM eka vAcanA saMpadA hai| usameM batAyA hai ki AcArya mahArAja Adeya vacana vAle hote haiN| unake vacana ko koI bhI lAMgha nahIM sakatA / caturvidha saMgha use zirodhArya karatA hai / jaba AcArya zrI Adeya vacana vAle hote haiM taba phira tIrthaMkara bhagavanta kA to kahanA hI kyA ? tIrthaMkara bhagavAna ke eka-eka vacana

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180 jinavANI- jainAgama-sAhitya vizeSAGka rUpI phUla ko caturvidha saMgha mastaka para car3hAkara bhava sAgara se kinArA karate haiN| unake nirdoSa evaM rAga-dveSa vivarjita vacana jana-jana ke lie mahAprabhAvaka hote haiN| AgamoM ko par3hane va par3hAne ke pIche bahuta bar3A upakAra va zAsana kI prabhAvanA nihita hai| jaisA ki sthAnAMga sUtra ke pAMcaveM sthAna meM zAstra par3hAne evaM par3hane ke pA~ca-pA~ca kAraNa batAe haiN| taMjahA-"saMgahaTThayAe, uvaggahaNaTThayAe, nijjaraNaTThayAe, sutte vA me pajjavayAe bhavissai. suttassa vA aavocchittinytttthyaae|" 1. saMgahaThThayAe Agama jJAna sikhAne ke pIche pAMca kAraNoM meM prathama kAraNa hai- saMgraha ke lie guru ziSya ko Agama par3hAtA hai| merA ziSya jJAna kA bhalI bhAMti saMgraha kara ske| par3hAte samaya guru ke hRdaya meM yaha pavitra bhAvanA rahatI hai ki mere ziSya ke pAsa adhika se adhika jJAna kA khajAnA surakSita rhe| vaha par3ha-likhakara jIvAdi navatattvoM kA jAnakAra bane, jar3a-cetana kA bheda vijJAtA bane aura bahuta bar3e vidvAnoM meM avvala nambara aave| merA pUrA-pUrA karttavya hai ki jaba maiMne use dIkSita kiyA hai to use maiM zikSita bhI karUM aura guru ke mana meM ziSya ko zAstrAbhyAsa karAte samaya yaha khyAla bhI AtA hai ki use Agama jJAna par3hate dekhakara anya loga bhI AgamajJAna ke zravaNa ke prati AkarSita hokara sunane ke lie baittheNge| una logoM ko jo zAstra-zravaNa se pratibodha hogA, usakA lAbha mujhe bhI milegA, kyoMki maiM nimitta bnuuNgaa| isa prakAra ke uddezyoM se jJAna par3hAyA jAtA hai| 2. uvaggahaNaTThayAe-jaba ziSya mere se vAcanA leMge aura maiM vAcanA dUMgA, taba una zAstra vAkyoM ko suna-sunakara mere ziSya tapa aura saMyama meM majabUta bana jAyeMge, unakI AdhyAtmika sAdhanA dRr3ha ho jaayegii| devatA bhI unheM satpatha se hilA nahIM skeNge| merA ziSya dUsaroM ko upadeza dekara satpatha kA rAhI banAne meM samartha ho jaayegaa| isa prakAra dharmabodha dene se gaNa, gaccha aura sampradAya kI mahatI mahimA hogii| saMgha kI mAna-maryAdA surakSita rakhavAne meM maiM bhI nimitta bnuuNgaa| maiM bhI yaha mAnU~gA ki mere dvArA zAstra vAcanA lene vAle ziSya ne jinazAsana kI bahuta bar3I sevA kI hai aura Age bhI karatA rhegaa| aisA socakara guru ziSya ko zAstra vAcanA dete haiN| 3. nijjaraNaTTyAe- karma nirjarA ke uddezya se guru ziSya ko vAcanA dete haiN| zruta sAhitya ke par3hane se karmoM kI mahatI nirjarA hotI hai| bAraha prakAra ke tapoM meM svAdhyAya bhI eka prakAra kA tapa hai| vAcanA tapa ko svIkAra karane vAlA bhI eka prakAra kA tapa karatA hai| yaha bAta zAstra sammata hai| sabhI dharmoM ne svAdhyAya ko tapa mAnA hai| svAdhyAya Abhyantara tapa hai| jaisA ki zAstrakAroM ne kahA "bhavakoDisaMciyaM kamma tavasA nijjrijjdd||"

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an | Agama kA adhyayana kyoM ? arthAt karor3oM janmoM ke saMcita pApakarma tapa ke mAdhyama se naSTa kie jAte haiM, aisA socakara guru ziSya ko zAstra par3hAtA hai ki merA ziSya bhI isa prakAra karmoM kI mahAna nirjarA kregaa| 4. suttevA me pajjavayA bhavissai- guru ziSya ko jJAna isa prayojana se bhI detA hai ki inako par3hAne se merA jJAna bhI bddh'egaa| pratyeka zikSAzAstrI bhI isa bAta ko svIkAra karatA hai ki dUsaroM ko par3hAne se apanA jJAna majabUta hotA hai| kyoMki yaha nizcita mata hai ki "vidyA'' bAMTane se aura adhika bar3hatI hai, adhika puSTa bhI hotI hai| 5. suttassa vA avocchittiNayaTTyAe- ziSya ko par3hAne ke pIche gurujanoM kA yaha prayojana bhI rahatA hai ki zAstra par3hAne kI paripATI chinna-bhinna na ho jaay| zAstra par3hane kI zRMkhalA TUTa na jaay| lambe samaya taka ziSyoM meM jJAna kI ajasra dhArA nirantara pravAhita hotI rahe aura ziSya samudAya usa jJAnagaMgA meM DubakiyA~ lagAkara svayaM ko pAvana karatA rahe, isI uddezya se ziSya ko guru jJAna sikhAte haiN| par3hAne kI jisameM yogyatA hogI, vahI Agama jJAna par3hA sakatA hai| AgamajJAna ke jJAtA, vidvAna sAdhu-sAdhvI bhI hote haiM, to zrAvaka-zrAvikA bhI kahIM-kahIM evaM kabhI-kabhI jJAna ke acche jJAtA mila sakate haiN| donoM kA pUrA pUrA karttavya hai ki ve saMghahita ko dhyAna meM rakhakara alpajJoM ko Agama jJAna par3hAkara zAsana kI sevA kreN| isase zruta sevA, svayaM kI sevA evaM bhagavAna kI sevA-bhakti hogii| aba yaha jAnanA bhI bahuta jarUrI hai ki ziSya Agama kyoM par3hatA hai? usake par3hane ke pIche kyA hetu hai? kyoMki binA prayojana kisI kArya meM pravRtti nahIM hotii| jaba zAstroM ke panne uThAkara dekhate haiM, taba pAMca kAraNa najara Ate haiM:1. nANaTThayAe- svAdhyAya karane se jJAna to bar3hatA hI hai, kintu apanI ulajhI huI gutthiyoM ko sulajhAne ke lie tathA AgamoM kA rahasya jAnane ke lie ziSya zAstra par3hatA hai| 2. daMsaNaTThayAe- svAdhyAya karane se mujhe jJAna ke sAtha-sAtha apanA samyagdarzana majabUta karane kA suavasara milegaa| tattvArtha jJAna hone para samakita zuddha rhegii| vItarAga bhagavantoM kI vANI hI merA Atma kalyANa kregii| bhale hI Agama kI bahuta sI bAteM merI samajha meM Ae athavA na Ae, phira bhI samajhane kI pUrI-pUrI koziza kruuNgaa| kyoMki yaha svAdhyAya mere lie mahAna kalyANakara hai| 3. carittaTTyAe- Agama ke eka-eka pada, caraNa evaM gAthA cAritra dharma ko vizuddha karane vAlI hai| kahA bhI hai- "jJAnasya phalaM viratiH"

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jinavANI- jainAgama-sAhitya vizeSAGka arthAt jJAna kA phala tyAga hai, virati hai / tattvajJAna se cAritra nirmala hotA hai / yaha saba bAteM Agama vANI se hI jAnI jAtI haiN| ataH mujhe avazya hI svAdhyAya karanA caahie| 4. vuggahavimoyaNaTTyAe - jo vyakti haThAgrahI hai| mithyAniveza se vivAda para ar3A huA hai| use parAsta karane ke lie tathA use kadAgraha se haTAne ke lie zruta adhyayana karanA jarUrI hai| Agama ke bala para hI use mithyAtva se haTAkara samyagdarzana se jor3A jA sakatA hai| isa prakAra Agama jJAna sAdhaka kA mahAn upakAra karatA hai 5. ahatthe vA bhAve jANissAmi tti kaTTu - padArthoM ke svarUpa ko jAnane ke lie aura dravyoM kI guNa- paryAyoM ko jAnane ke lie AgamajJAna ati Avazyaka hai| aisA jAna kara ziSya guru se Agama jJAna par3hatA hai| I 82 AgamajJAna ko par3hane se jIvana meM atizaya jJAna-darzana kI prApti hotI hai| jJAnAvaraNIya karma ke baMdha ke kAraNa haiM, unase hameM hamezA dUra rahanA cAhie tathA una bandha ke kAraNoM ko amala meM nahIM lAnA caahie| jJAna-prApti ke viSaya meM sthAnAMga sUtra ke cauthe sthAna meM acche DhaMga se samajhAyA gayA hai: "cauhiM ThANehiM nigganthANa vA nigganthINa vA atisese NANadasaMNe samupajjiu kAme samupajjejjA taMjahA - 1. itthIkahaM, bhattakahaM, desakahaM, rAyakahaM no kahettA bhavati 2. vivegeNa viusaggeNaM sammamappANaM bhAvettA bhavati 3. puvvarattAvarata - kAlasamayaMsi dhammajAgariyaM jAgaritA bhavati 4. phAsussa esaNijjassa uMchassa sAmudANiyassa sammaM gavesiyA bhavati iccetehiM cauhiM ThANehiM nigganthANa vA nigganthINa vA jAva samupajjejjA (sthAnAMga 4 ) arthAt sAdhu-sAdhvI ko atizaya jJAnadarzana prApta karane ke lie cAra kArya karane cAhie 1. sarvaprathama kAraNa hai cAra prakAra kI vikathAeM nahIM kre| kyoMki vikathAeM isa jIvAtmA ko Atmadharma se viruddha le jAne kA kArya karatI haiN| ataH strIkathA, bhaktakathA, deza kathA aura rAjakathA se bacakara cale / 2. viveka aura vyutsarga ke dvArA nirantara Atma-cintana karatA huA sAdhaka atizaya jJAna prApta karatA hai / vastra, pAtra, kaMbala aura zarIra se moha mamatva chor3atA huA aura kAyotsarga karatA huA atizaya Agama jJAna prApta karatA hai| viveka ke abhAva meM choTI sI galatI bhI bhayaMkara vikarAla rUpa le letI hai / jaise bAhubali ke hRdaya meM rahA huA ahaM kA vikAra kevalajJAna dilAne meM phaulAdI dIvAra bana gyaa| jisa dina choTe dIkSita bhAiyoM ko vandana kA saMkalpa jagA, usI kSaNa

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Agama kA adhyayana kyoM ? - 83 kevalajJAna kevaladarzana ho gyaa| 3. kevalajJAna kI prApti kA tIsarA sAdhana hai--dharma jaagrnn| ekAnta zAnta vAtAvaraNa meM baiThakara dharma jAgaraNa karatA huA sAdhaka atizaya jJAna prApta karatA hai| prAya:kara rAtri kA samaya bhI isake lie upayukta hai| isa samaya mastiSka zAnta rahatA hai| vicAroM kI AkulatAvyAkulatA evaM mana ke bhAvoM kI dhamAcaukar3I samApta ho jAtI hai| rAta ko Agama jJAna DhaMga se ho sakatA hai| 4. jJAna-prApti ke sAdhanoM meM cauthA sthAna hai- zuddha, pavitra evaM bayAlIsa doSa vivarjita nirdoSa aahaar| kyoMki zuddha bhojana hamArI buddhi ko nirmala rakhatA hai| kahA bhI hai "jaisA annajala khAie, vaisA hI mana hoy| jaisA pAnI pIjie, vaisI hI vANI hoya / / " __ AgamajJAna kA gahana jJAtA bananA hai to dUSita AhAra kA tyAga karanA anivArya hogaa| kyoMki vaha dUSita AhAra hamArI buddhi aura mastiSka ko dUSita karatA hai, ata: zuddha AhAra karanA caahie| Agama adhyayana se jIvana ko dRSTi evaM prakAza milatA hai svAdhyAya ajJAna evaM mithyAtva rUpa andhakAra se vyApta jIvana ko Alokita karane ke lie jagamagAtA dIpaka hai| jisake divya prakAza meM hama heya (chor3ane yogya), jJeya(jAnane yogya) aura upAdeya (grahaNa karane yogya) kA jJAna prApta kara sakate haiN| svAdhyAya ko hama saMjIvanI jar3I bhI kaha sakate haiN| jo marate hue meM bhI jIvana kA saMcAra karatI hai| svAdhyAya se jJAna rUpI jIvana milatA hai| isalie zAstrakAroM ne jJAna ko prAthamikatA dete hue kahA hai "par3hamaM nANaM tao dyaa|" arthAt pahale jJAna aura phira kriyaa| svAdhyAya ke dvArA hI mana ke vikAroM ko jItA jA sakatA hai| kaSAyoM kA zamana, indriyoM kA damana bhI isI se hotA hai| ata: zrutavANI meM kahA gayA "caukAlaM sajjhAyaM kareha / " cAroM kAla hameM svAdhyAya karanA caahie| samAcArI adhyayana meM kahA hai "par3hamaM porisiM sajjhAyaM, bIyaM jhANaM jhiyaayi| taiyAe bhikkhAyariyaM,puNo cautthI sajjhAyaM / (uttarA. 26.12) arthAt prathama prahara meM svAdhyAya kare, dUsare prahara meM paThita viSaya para cintana kare, tIsare prahara meM bhikSAcarI kare aura phira cauthe prahara meM svAdhyAya meM laga jaay| parantu Aja to hamArI vyavasthA bigar3a gaI hai| "pahale pahara meM cAya pAnI, dUsare pahara meM mAla paanii| tIje pahara meM soDatAnI, cauthe prahara meM ghuudddhaanii|" / hamAre pUrvaja to cAroM kAla svAdhyAya karake apane jIvana ko pAvana

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184 jinavANI- jainAgama-sAhitya vizeSAGka banAte the| kyoMki ve jAnate the ki dUdha meM rahA huA ghI, araNI kI lakar3I meM rahI huI Aga, tiloM meM rahA huA tela aura phUloM meM rahI huI vAsa yAnI itra, maMthana ke binA nahIM nikalatA hai| isI prakAra AtmA meM rahA huA ananta jJAna svAdhyAya ke binA nahIM nikalatA hai| Agama jJAna to parama rAmabANa auSadhi kA kAma karatA hai| jisa prakAra zarIragata bImArI ke lie auSadhi kAma karatI hai, ThIka isI prakAra hamArI Atmagata viSaya-kaSAya kI bImArI ko 'svAdhyAya' jar3a-mUla se vinaSTa karatA hai| prAta: kAla jagate hI ziSya guru ke pAsa pahuMcakara, donoM hAtha jor3akara pUche, jaisA ki samAcArI adhyayana meM kahA-.. "pucchijja paMjaliuDo, ki kAyavvaM mae iha / icchaM niouyaM maMte, veyAvacce va sjjhaae|uttraa. 26.9 veyAvacce niutteNaM, kAyavvaM agilaayo| sajjhAe vA niutteNaM, svvdukkhvimokkhnne||uttraa. 26.10 arthAt donoM hAtha jor3akara gura bhagavanta se pUche- bhagavan ! mujhe Aja kyA karanA cAhie? Apa apanI icchA ke anukUla hameM sevA yA svAdhyAya meM lgaaiye| guru jisa kArya meM lagAte haiM, ziSya kA karttavya hai, vaha usI kArya meM saharSa laga jAya arthAt guru ne sevA meM agara ziSya ko lagA diyA to aglAna bhAva se saharSa mahAmuni nandISeNa kI taraha vaiyAvRttya kre| svAdhyAya ke lie preraNA kie jAne para saba duHkhoM se mukta karAne vAle svAdhyAya meM mahAmuni thevariyA aNagAra kI taraha lagakara prasannatA se Agama pddh'e| kyoMki jIvana kA saccA sAthI svAdhyAya hI hai| jaba saba sAthI sAtha chor3akara dUra bhAga jAte haiM, taba aise viSama vakta para bhI svAdhyAya hI hameM sAntvanA dekara duHkha se mukti dilAtA hai aura sAtha hI mAnava ko satpatha para ArUDha kara sukhI banAtA hai| jisa prakAra zarIra ke lie anna, jala aura havA kA mahattva hai usI prakAra kA mahattva jIvana meM svAdhyAya kA hai| svAdhyAya ke mAdhyama se hamArI buddhi nirmala hotI hai| saMzayoM kA samAdhAna hotA hai| adhyavasAya yAnI bhAvanA prazasta banatI hai| paravAdiyoM ke dvArA uThAI gaI zaMkAoM kA samAdhAna karane kI zakti paidA hotI hai| zAstroM ke puna:-puna: paThana-pAThana se Atma-rakSA hotI hai, tapa-tyAga ke jIvana meM vRddhi hotI hai| svAdhyAya hI hameM pUrva mahApuruSoM ke nikaTa lAne kA kArya karatA hai| ata: hameM nirantara svAdhyAya meM hI rata rahanA caahie| - zAstroM meM kahA hai- "sajjhAyammi rao syaa|" svAdhyAya ko nandanavana kaha sakate haiN| nandanavana meM jaise yatra-tatrasarvatra aneka kisma ke phUla khile hue haiM, jahAM pahuMcakara mAnava apanI zarIra gata bImArI. azAMti, da:kha, dainya evaM kaSToM ko bhalAkara Ananda-vibhora ho

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| Agama kA adhyayana kyoM ? 85 | jAtA hai| ThIka usI prakAra yaha jIvAtmA svAdhyAya rUpI nandanavana meM pahuMcakara alaukika Ananda kI anubhUti karatA hai| svarga naraka ke dRzyoM ko jAnakara naraka ke bhayaMkara paramAdhAmI devajanya kaSToM se tathA daza prakAra kI kSetra vedanA janya duHkhoM se bacane kA aura svarga evaM apavarga (mokSa) janya sukhoM ko prApta karane kI ora apane kadama bar3hAtA hai| ye saba sazikSAe~ sAdhaka ko svAdhyAya se hI milatI haiN| ata: hameM parAdhyAya chor3akara sadA svAdhyAya karanA caahie| jIvana meM AmUlacUla parivartana svAdhyAya se AtA hai| svAdhyAya ke mAdhyama se Agama meM bAga lagAyA jA sakatA hai| ___ ata: vItarAgoM kI vANI par3hanI caahie| AtmA ke lie svAdhyAya aura zarIra ke lie bhojana atyAvazyaka hai| apathya bhojana jaise zarIra ke lie hAnikAraka hai, usI prakAra gandA sAhitya AtmA ke lie mahAn nukasAnakAraka hai| jaisA ki kahA hai- "gandA sAhitya mata par3ho, patana kI ora mata bddh'o|' arthAt azlIla sAhitya par3hane se jIvana meM vikRtiyAM bar3hatI haiN| jahara pIne se bhI gandA sAhitya par3hanA bhayaMkara hai| ata: svAdhyAya ke lie Agama-sAhitya, Agama zAstra evaM dhArmika granthoM ko sunanA caahie| mukti mahala meM praveza karane ke lie Agama svAdhyAya eka liphTa hai| jaise dukAnoM para sajI va khar3I putalI, pahare ke lie nahIM pradarzana ke lie hai| miTTI ke phala khAne ke lie nahIM balki rUma sajAne ke lie haiN| kAgaja ke phUla sUMghane ke lie nahIM, balki dekhane ke lie haiN| isI prakAra AcAra hIna jJAna Atmadarzana ke lie nahIM, balki ahaM pradarzana ke lie hai| ata: hamako svAdhyAya ke mAdhyama se apane AcAra dharma ko zuddha banAnA caahie| cAritra ko nirmala rakhane ke lie cAritravAna puruSoM kA jIvana sAmane rakhanA caahie| jJAnI bhagavantoM ne svAdhyAya ko tIsarI AMkha kahA hai- "zAstraM tRtiiylocnm|' mahApuruSoM ke jIvana kI divya bhavya jhAMkiyAM dekhane ko Agama ke pRSTha hI preraka hote haiN| mahApuruSoM ke Adarza jIvana se hama bhI apane jIvana ko pAvana, prazasta va nirmala banA sakate haiN| kyoMki kavi ne kahA "jIvana caritra mahApuruSoM ke hameM nasIhata karate haiN| ___ hama bhI apanA jIvana svaccha ramya kara sakate haiM / / " mahApuruSoM ke Adarza jIvana se apanA jIvana bhI badalA jA sakatA hai| jaise mahAmuni gajasukumAla ke prazasta jIvana se hama apanA jIvana prazasta banA sakate haiN| (antagaDa tIsarA varga) kAmadeva suzrAvaka jaisI dRr3hatA sIkhane ke lie hameM upAsakadazAMga sUtra par3hanA caahie| skandhaka jI, sudarzana jI, arjunamAlI evaM rAjA pradezI

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186 jinavANI- jainAgama-sAhitya vizeSAGka jaise aneka udAharaNa Aja bhI jaina Agama ke pRSThoM para camaka rahe haiM va dekhane, sunane aura par3hane ko milate haiM, unheM una AgamoM se jAnakara jIvana banAne kI kalA sIkhanI caahie| zAstroM meM aisI aneka preraka gAthAe~ upalabdha hai jinheM par3ha sunakara jIvana ko mahAn banAyA jA sakatA hai| uttarAdhyayana sUtra kA 19vAM mRgAputra adhyayana mahAn preraka adhyAya hai| sAdhaka jIvana kA nirmAtA hai, jisakI eka eka gAthA sunakara aneka vyaktiyoM ne bhavasAgara se kinArA karane kI ThAnI-- "jammaM dukkha jarA dukkha, rogANi maraNANi y| aho dukkho hu saMsAro. jattha kIsanti jntvo||" arthAt janma du:kha kA kAraNa hai| mA~ kI peTa rUpI choTI sI koTharI meM savA nau mAha taka banda rahanA bahuta kaThina va kaSTadAyI hai| jarA bhI (bur3hApA bhI) duHkhada hai| buDhApAjanya kaSToM kA sAmanA karanA sarala nahIM, kaThina hai| roga bhI duHkhaprada aura klezakAraka hai| Azcarya hai yaha saMpUrNa saMsAra duHkhamaya hai jahAM raha kara yaha jIvAtmA mahAn kleza pAtA hai| ina saMpUrNa du:khoM se chuTakArA prApta karane kA ekamAtra sAdhana svAdhyAya hai, jisake mAdhyama se samasta kaSToM se chuTakArA pAyA jA sakatA hai aura nirvANapada kI prApti kI jA sakatI hai| uttarAdhyayana kI cAra gAthAoM ke mAdhyama se yaha batAyA gayA hai ki yaha jIvAtmA nizcita paralokagAmI hai aura paralokagamana karane vAloM ke sAtha bhAtA atyAvazyaka hai| "addhANaM jo mahantaMtu, appAheo pvjji| gacchanto so duhI hoi, chuhAtaNhAhi piiddio||18|| evaM dhamma akAuNaM, jo gacchai parabhavaM / gacchanto so duhI hoi, vAhI rogehiM pIDio / / 19 / / addhANaM jo mahantaM tu, sappAheo pvjji| gacchanto so suhI hoi, chuhA taNhA vivjjio||20|| evaM dhamma pikAuNaM jo gacchaDa prbhvN| gacchanto so suhI hoi, appakamme aveyaNe / / 21 / / arthAt jo vyakti bhAtA lie binA hI lambe mArga para cala detA hai| vaha calate hue bhUkha pyAsa se pIr3ita hokara duHkhI hotA hai, isI prakAra jo vyakti dharma kie binA parabhava meM jAtA hai| vaha jAtA huA vyAdhi aura rogoM se pIr3ita hokara duHkhI hotA hai| jo vyakti pAtheya sAtha lekara lambe mArga para calatA hai vaha bhUkha pyAsa kI pIr3A se rahita hokara sukhI hotA hai| isI prakAra jo vyakti dharma karake parabhava meM jAtA hai, vaha alpakarmA va vedanA se rahita hokara jAtA huA sukhI hotA hai| ina saba preraka prasaMgoM ko sunakara samajhakara jIvana prazasta banAyA jA sakatA hai aura karma samUha ko jar3amUla se kATA jA sakatA hai|

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| Agama kA adhyayana kyoM ? 871 jaisA ki uttarAdhyayana sUtra ke 29 veM adhyayana meM ziSya ke prazna karane para pharamAyA-- "sajjhAeNaM bhante! jIve ki jnnyi| sajjhAeNaM NANAvaraNijja kamma khvei||" ziSya ke prazna karane para ki bhagavan ! svAdhyAya karane se jIva ko kisa phala kI prApti hotI hai? bhagavAna ne pharamAyA jJAnAvaraNIya karma kA kSaya hotA hai| ajJAna du:kha detA hai| jaisA ki AcAryapravara pUjya zrI 1008 zrI hastImala jI ma.sA. ne kahA "ajJAna se duHkha dUnA hotA, ajJAnI dhIraja kho detaa| manake ajJAna ko dUra karo, svAdhyAya karo svAdhyAya kro| jinarAja bhajo saba doSa tajo, aba sUtroM kA svAdhyAya kro|" Age bhI-"karalo zrutavANI kA pATha bhavikajana mana mala harane ko| bina svAdhyAya jJAna nahIM hogA, jyoti jagAne ko| rAga dveSa kI gAMTha gale nahIM, bodhi milAne ko||" AgamoM kA adhyayana zraddhApUrvaka AgamoM ko zraddhA pUrvaka par3hanA cAhie, kyoMki gItAkAra zrIkRSNa ne kahA 'zraddhAvAn labhate jnyaanm|' zraddhAlu vyakti hI samyagjJAna prApta kara sakatA hai| zraddhA kA milanA atyanta kaThina hai| isIlie zAstroM meM kahA gayA hai "saddhA parama dullhaa|" zraddhA parama durlabha hai| bhUla bhaTaka kara bhI AgamoM kA adhyayana zaMkA kI dRSTi se nahIM karanA caahie| kyoMki- "saMzayAtmA vinshyti|" saMzaya vAlI AtmAeM naSTa prAya: ho jAtI haiN| zraddhApUrvaka par3hA gayA Agama karma-nirjarA kA kAraNa banatA hai| jaina AgamoM ko cAra anuyogoM meM bAMTA gayA hai- 1. caraNakaraNAnuyoga 2. dravyAnuyoga 3. gaNitAnuyoga aura 4. dhrmkthaanuyog| ananta jIvAtmAoM ne ina cAra anuyogoM ke mAdhyama se saMsAra se kinArA kiyA hai, karate haiM aura bhaviSya kAla meM bhI kreNge| __ Agama kI mahimA kA kahAM taka vyAkhyAna kiyA jAya, merI jihvA tuccha hai aura Agama kI mahimA apAra hai| anta meM tameva saccaM NIsaMkaM jaM jiNehiM paveiyaM /

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AcArAMga sUtra meM mUlyAtmaka cetanA *DaoN. kamalacanda sogANI AcArAMgasUtra meM jIvana-vikAsa evaM sAdhanA ke sUtra bikhare par3e haiN| isameM punarjanma, AtmA, ahiMsA, asaMgatA, apramattatA, saMvedanazIlatA Adi kA sundara vivecana huA hai| dArzanika evaM bhASAvid prophesara kamalacanda jI sogANI ne apane Alekha meM AcArAMga sUtra meM pratipAdita ina vibhinna tattvoM ko mUlyAtmaka cetanA ke rUpa meM prastuta kiyA hai| sogANI jI ke isa Alekha se AcArAMga sUtra ke mahattva kI pratIti sahaja hI ho jAtI hai| isa Alekha meM jo koSThaka meM saMkhyA AI hai vaha unake dvArA sampAdita, anUdita AcArAMga cayanikA kI sUtra saMkhyA ko iMgita karatI hai|-smpaadk AcArAMga meM mukhya rUpa se mUlyAtmaka cetanA kI sabala abhivyakti huI hai| isakA pramukha uddezya ahiMsAtmaka samAja kA nirmANa karane ke liye vyakti ko prerita karanA hai, jisase samAja meM samatA ke AdhAra para sukha, zAnti aura samRddhi ke bIja aMkurita ho skeN| ajJAna ke kAraNa manuSya hiMsAtmaka pravRttiyoM ke dvArA zreSTha uddezyoM kI prApti ke lie prayatnazIla hotA hai vaha hiMsA ke dUragAmI kuprabhAvoM ko, jo usake aura samAja ke jIvana ko vikRta karate haiM, nahIM dekha pAtA hai| kisI bhI kAraNa se kI gaI hiMsA AcArAMga ko mAnya nahIM hai| hiMsA ke sAtha tAla-mela AcArAMga kI dRSTi meM heya hai| vaha vyAvahArika jIvana kI vivazatA ho sakatI hai, para vaha upAdeya nahIM ho sktii| hiMsA kA artha kevala kisI ko prANavihIna karanA hI nahIM hai, kintu kisI bhI prANI kI svatantratA kA kisI bhI rUpa meM hanana hiMsA ke artha meM hI simaTa jAtA hai| isIliye AcArAMga meM kahA hai ki kisI bhI prANI ko mata mAro, usa para zAsana mata karo, usako gulAma mata banAo, usako mata satAo aura use azAnta mata kro| dharma to prANiyoM ke prati samatA bhAva meM hI hotA hai| merA vizvAsa hai ki hiMsA kA itanA sUkSma vivecana vizvasAhitya meM kaThinAI se hI milegaa| samatA kI bhUmikA para hiMsA-ahiMsA ke itane vizleSaNa evaM vivecana ke kAraNa hI AcArAMga ko vizvasAhitya meM sarvopari sthAna diyA jA sakatA hai| AcArAMga kI ghoSaNA hai ki prANiyoM ke vikAsa meM antara hone ke kAraNa kisI bhI prakAra ke prANI ke astitva ko nakAranA apane hI astitva ko nakAranA hai| prANI vividha prakAra ke hote haiM : ekendriya, dvIndriya, trIndriya, caturindriya aura pNcendriy| ina sabhI prANiyoM ko jIvana priya hotA hai, ina sabhI ke lie duHkha apriya hotA hai| AcArAMga ne hiMsA-ahiMsA kA vivecana prANiyoM ke sUkSma nirIkSaNa ke AdhAra para prastuta kiyA hai, jo merI dRSTi meM eka vilakSaNa pratipAdana hai| aisA lagatA hai ki AcArAMga manuSyoM kI saMvedanazIlatA ko gaharI karanA cAhatA hai, jisase manuSya eka aise samAja kA nirmANa kara sake jisameM zoSaNa, arAjakatA, niyamahInatA, azAnti aura ApasI saMbaMdhoM meM tanAva vidyamAna na rhe| manuSya

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89 | AcArAMga sUtra meM mUlyAtmaka cetanA / apane du:khoM ko to anubhava kara hI letA hai, para dUsaroM ke du:khoM ke prati vaha saMvedanazIla prAya: nahIM ho pAtA hai| yahI hiMsA kA mUla hai| jaba dUsaroM ke duHkha hameM apane jaise lagane lageM, jaba dUsaroM kI cIkha hameM apanI cIkha ke samAna mAlUma ho, to hI ahiMsA kA prArambha ho sakatA hai| manuSya ko apane sArvakAlika sUkSma astitva meM sandeha na rahe, isa bAta ko samajhAne ke lie pUrvajanma aura punarjanma ke siddhAnta se hI graMtha kA Arambha kiyA gayA hai| apane sUkSma astitva meM saMdeha naitika AdhyAtmika mUlyoM ko hI sandehAtmaka banA degA, jisase vyaktigata evaM sAmAjika jIvana kI AdhArazilA hI gar3abar3A jaayegii| isIliye AcArAMga ne sarvaprathama sva-astitva evaM prANiyoM ke astitva ke sAtha kriyAoM evaM unase utpanna prabhAvoM meM vizvAsa utpanna kiyA hai| ye sabhI vyaktigata evaM sAmAjika jIvana ko vAstavikatA pradAna karate haiM aura inake AdhAra para hI mUlyoM kI carcA saMbhava bana pAtI hai| AcArAMga meM 323 sUtra haiM, jo nau adhyayanoM (vartamAna meM 7vA~ adhyayana anupalabdha) meM vibhakta haiN| ina vibhinna adhyayanoM meM jIvana vikAsa ke sUtra bikhare par3e haiN| yahAM mAnavavAda pUrNarUpa se pratiSThita hai| AdhyAtmika jIvana ke lie preraNAe~ yahA~ upalabdha haiN| mUrchA, pramAda aura mamatva jIvana ko duHkhI karane vAle kahe gae haiN| vastu tyAga ke sthAna para mamatva tyAga ko AcArAMga meM mahattva diyA gayA hai| vastu tyAga, mamatva tyAga se pratiphalita honA caahiye| AdhyAtmika jAgRti mUlyavAn kahI gaI hai, jisake phalasvarUpa manuSya mAna-apamAna, lAbha-hAni Adi dvandvoM kI nirarthakatA ko samajha sakatA hai| ahiMsA, satya aura samatA ke grahaNa ko pramukha sthAna diyA gayA hai| buddhi aura tarka jIvana ke lie atyanta upayogI hote hue bhI, AdhyAtmika anubhava inakI pakar3a se bAhara pratipAdita haiN| sAdhanAmaya maraNa kI preraNA AcArAMga ke sUtroM meM vyApta hai| AcArAMga meM bhagavAna mahAvIra kI sAdhanA kA ojasvI varNana kisI bhI sAdhaka ke lie mArgadarzaka ho sakatA hai| pUrvajanma aura punarjanma manuSya samaya samaya para manuSyoM ko marate hue dekhatA hai| kabhI na kabhI usake mana meM sva astitva kI nirantaratA kA prazna upasthita ho hI jAtA hai| jIvana ke gambhIra kSaNoM meM yaha prazna usake mAnasa-paTala para gaharAI se aMkita hotA hai| ata: sva-astitva kA prazna manuSya kA mUlabhUta prazna hai| AcArAMga ne sarvaprathama isI prazna se cintana prArambha kiyA hai| AcArAMga kA yaha vizvAsa pratIta hotA hai ki isa prazna ke samAdhAna ke pazcAt hI manuSya sthira mana se apane vikAsa kI bAtoM kI ora dhyAna de sakatA hai| yadi sva astitva hI trikAlika nahIM hai to mUlyAtmaka vikAsa kA kyA prayojana? sva-astitva meM AsthA utpanna karane ke lie AcArAMga pUrvajanma-punarjanma kI carcA se zuru hotA hai| AcArAMga kA kahanA hai ki yahAM kucha manuSyoM meM yaha

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190 jinavANI- jainAgama-sAhitya vizeSAGka hoza nahIM hotA hai ki ve amuka dizA se isa loka meM Ae haiN(1)| ve yaha bhI nahIM jAnate haiM ki ve AgAmI janma meM kisa avasthA ko prApta kareMge (1)? yahAM prazna yaha hai ki kyA sva-astitva kI nirantaratA kA jJAna prApta kiyA jA sakatA hai? kucha loga to pUrvajanma meM sva-astitva kA jJAna apanI smRti ke mAdhyama se kara lete haiN| kucha dUsare loga atIndriya jJAniyoM ke kathana se isako jAna pAte haiM tathA kucha aura loga una logoM se jAna lete haiM jo atIndriya jJAniyoM ke samparka meM Ae haiM (2) isa taraha se pUrvajanma meM svaastitva kA jJAna svayaM ke dekhane se athavA atIndriya jJAniyoM ke dekhane se hotA hai| pUrva janmoM ke jJAna se hI punarjanma ke hone kA vizvAsa utpanna ho sakatA hai| AcArAMga ne punarjanma meM vizvAsa ko pUrvajanma ke jJAna para Azrita kiyA hai| aisA lagatA hai ki mahAvIra yuga meM pUrvajanma ko smRti meM utArane kI kriyA vartamAna thI aura yaha AdhyAtmika utthAna ke prati jAgRti kA sabala mAdhyama thaa| janmoM-janmoM meM sva-astitva ke hone meM vizvAsa karane vAlA hI AcArAMga kI dRSTi meM AtmA ko mAnane vAlA hotA hai| janmoM-janmoM para vizvAsa se dezakAla meM tathA pudgalAtmaka loka meM vizvAsa utpanna hotA hai| isI se mana, vacana, kAya kI kriyAoM aura unase utpanna prabhAvoM ko svIkAra kiyA jAtA hai| AcArAMga kA kahanA hai ki jo manuSya pUrvajanma aura punarjanma ko samajha letA hai vaha hI vyakti AtmavAdI, lokavAdI, karmavAdI aura kriyAvAdI kahA gayA hai (3) / isI AdhAra para samAja meM naitika-AdhyAtmika mUlyoM kA bhavana khar3A kiyA jA sakatA hai aura sAmAjika utthAna ko vAstavika banAyA jA sakatA hai| kriyAoM kI viparItatA ... AcArAMga isa bAta para kheda vyakta karatA hai ki manuSya ke dvArA mana, vacana, kAyA kI kriyA kI sahI dizA samajhI huI nahIM hai| isIlie unase utpanna kuprabhAvoM ke kAraNa vaha thakA dene vAle eka janma se dUsare janma meM calatA jAtA hai aura aneka prakAra kI yoniyoM meM sukhoM-duHkhoM kA anubhava karatA rahatA hai(4)| manuSya kI kriyAoM ke prayojanoM kA vizleSaNa karate hue AcArAMga kA kahanA hai ki manuSya ke dvArA mana, vacana, kAyA kI kriyAe~ jina prayojanoM se kI jAtI haiM, ve haiM: 1. vartamAna jIvana kI rakSA ke prayojana se 2. prazaMsA, Adara tathA pUjA pAne ke prayojana se, 3. bhAvI janma kI udher3a buna ke kAraNa, vartamAna meM maraNa bhaya ke kAraNa tathA parama zAnti prApta karane tathA duHkhoM ko dUra karane ke prayojana se (5,6) / jisane kriyAoM ke itane zuruAta jAna lie haiM usane hI kriyAoM kA jJAna prApta kiyA hai (7) / kintu duHkha kI bAta yaha hai ki manuSya ina vibhinna prayojanoM kI prApti ke lie vibhinna jIvoM kI hiMsA karatA hai,unakI hiMsA karavAtA hai tathA unakI hiMsA karane vAloM kA anumodana karatA hai (8 se 15) / AcArAMga kA kahanA hai ki kriyAoM kI yaha

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AcArAMga sUtra meM mUlyAtmaka cetanA 91 viparItatA jo hiMsA meM prakaTa hotI hai manuSya ke ahita ke lie hotI hai, vaha usake adhyAtmahIna bane rahane ke kAraNa hotI hai (8 se 15) yaha hiMsA kArya nizcita hI bandhana meM DAlane vAlA hai, mUrcchA meM paTakane vAlA hai aura amaMgala meM dhakelane vAlA hai (16) / ata: kriyAoM kI viparItatA kA mApa daNDa hai, hiMsA / jo kriyA hiMsAtmaka hai vaha viparIta hai| yahAM hiMsA ko vyApaka artha meM samajhA jAnA caahie| kisI prANI ko mAranA, usako gulAma banAnA, usa para zAsana karanA Adi sabhI kriyAe~ hiMsAtmaka haiM (72) / jaba mana, vacana, kAyA kI kriyAoM kI viparItatA samApta hotI hai, taba manuSya na to vibhinna jIvoM kI hiMsA karatA hai, na hiMsA karavAtA hai aura na hiMsA karane vAloM kA anumodana karatA hai (17) / usake jIvana meM ahiMsA prakaTa ho jAtI hai arthAt na vaha prANiyoM ko mAratA hai, na una para zAsana karatA hai, na unako gulAma banAtA hai, na unako satAtA hai aura na hI unheM kabhI kisI prakAra se azAnta karatA hai ( 72 ) / ataH kahA jA sakatA hai ki yadi kriyAoM kI viparItatA kA mApadaNDa hiMsA hai to unakI ucitatA kA mApadaNDa ahiMsA hogA | jisane bhI hiMsAtmaka kriyAoM ko draSTAbhAva se jAna liyA, usake hiMsA samajha meM A jAtI hai aura dhIre-dhIre vaha usase chUTa jAtI hai (17) / kriyAoM kA prabhAva mana, vacana aura kAyA kI kriyAoM kI viparItatA aura unakI ucitatA kA prabhAva dUsaroM para par3atA bhI hai aura nahIM bhI par3atA hai, kintu, apane Apa para to prabhAva par3a hI jAtA hai / ve kriyAe~ manuSya ke vyaktitva kA aMga bana jAtI haiN| ise hI karma-bandhana kahate haiN| yaha karma-baMdhana hI vyakti ke sukhAtmaka aura duHkhAtmaka jIvana kA AdhAra hotA hai / isa virAT vizva meM hiMsA vyaktitva ko vikRta kara detI hai aura apane tathA dUsaroM ke duHkhAtmaka jIvana kA kAraNa banatI hai aura ahiMsA vyaktitva ko vikasita karatI hai aura apane tathA dUsaroM ke sukhAtmaka jIvana kA kAraNa banatI hai| ahiMsA virAT prakRti ke viparIta hai| ataH vaha hamArI UrjA ko UrdhvagAmI hone se rokatI hai aura UrjA ko dhvaMsa meM lagA detI hai, kintu ahiMsA virAT prakRti ke anukUla hone se hamArI UrjA ko racanA meM lagA detI hai / hiMsAtmaka kriyAe~ manuSya kI cetanA ko sikor3a detI haiM aura usako hrAsa kI ora le jAtI haiM, ahiMsAtmaka kriyAe~ manuSya kI cetanA ko vikAsa kI ora le jAtI haiN| isa prakAra ina kriyAoM kA prabhAva manuSya para par3atA hai| ataH AcArAMga ne kahA hai ki jo manuSya karma bandhana aura karma se chuTakAre ke viSaya meM khoja karatA hai vaha zuddha buddhi hotA hai| mUrcchita manuSya kI dazA vAstavika sva-astitva kA vismaraNa hI mUrcchA hai / isI vismaraNa ke kAraNa manuSya vyaktigata avasthAoM aura sAmAjika paristhitiyoM se

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92 jinavANI- jainAgama-sAhitya vizeSAGka utpanna sukha-duHkha se ekIkaraNa karake sukhI - duHkhI hotA rahatA hai| mUrcchita manuSya sva-astitva (AtmA) ke prati jAgarUka nahIM hotA hai / vaha azAMti se pIr3ita hotA hai, samatA bhAva se daridra hotA hai, use ahiMsA para AdhArita mUlyoM kA jJAna denA kaThina hotA hai tathA vaha adhyAtma ko samajhane vAlA nahIM hotA hai (18) / mUrcchita manuSya indriya-viSayoM meM hI ThaharA rahatA hai (22) / vaha Asakti yukta hotA hai aura kuTila AcaraNa meM hI rata rahatA hai (22) / vaha hiMsA karatA huA bhI dUsaroM ko ahiMsA kA upadeza detA rahatA hai (25) / isa taraha se vaha arhat ( jIvana mukta) kI AjJA ke viparIta calane vAlA hotA hai (22,96) / sva - astitva ke prati jAgarUka honA hI arhat kI AjJA meM rahanA hai| isa jagat meM yaha vicitratA hai ki sukha dene vAlI vastu duHkha dene vAlI bana jAtI hai aura duHkha dene vAlI vastu sukha dene vAlI bana jAtI hai| mUrcchita (Asakti yukta) manuSya isa bAta ko dekha nahIM pAtA hai (39) / isaliye vaha sadaiva vastuoM ke prati Asakta banA rahatA hai, yahI usakA ajJAna hai (44) / viSayoM meM lolupatA ke kAraNa vaha saMsAra meM apane lie vaira kI vRddhi karatA rahatA hai (45) aura bAra-bAra janma dhAraNa karatA rahatA hai (53) / ataH kahA jA sakatA hai ki mUrcchita (ajJAnI) manuSya sadA soyA huA arthAt sanmArga ko bhUlA huA hotA hai (52) / jo manuSya mUrcchArUpI aMdhakAra meM rahatA hai vaha eka prakAra se aMdhA hI hai| vaha icchAoM meM Asakta banA rahatA hai aura una icchAoM kI pUrti ke lie vaha prANiyoM kI hiMsA meM saMlagna hotA hai (98) / vaha prANiyoM ko mArane vAlA, chedane vAlA, unakI hAni karane vAlA tathA unako hairAna karane vAlA hotA hai (29) icchAoM ke tRpta na hone para vaha zoka karatA hai, krodha karatA hai, dUsaroM ko satAtA hai aura unako nukasAna pahuMcAtA hai (43) / yahA~ yaha samajhanA cAhie ki satata hiMsA meM saMlagna rahane vAlA vyakti bhayabhIta hotA hai| AcArAMga ne ThIka hI kahA hai ki pramAdI (mUrcchita) vyakti ko saba ora se bhaya hotA hai (69) vaha sadaiva mAnasika tanAvoM se bharA rahatA hai| cUMki usake aneka citta hote haiM, isalie usakA apane lie zAMti (tanAva mukti) kA dAvA karanA aise hI hai jaise koI calanI ko pAnI se bharane kA dAvA kare (60) mUrcchita manuSya saMsArarUpI pravAha meM tairane ke lie bilkula samartha nahIM hotA hai (37) vaha bhogoM kA anumodana karane vAlA hotA hai tathA duHkhoM ke bhaMvara meM hI phiratA rahatA hai (38) / vaha dina-rAta duHkhI hotA huA jItA hai| vaha kAla-akAla meM tuccha vastuoM kI prApti ke lie prayatna karatA rahatA hai| vaha kevala svArthapUrNa saMbaMdha kA abhilASI hotA hai / vaha dhana kA lAlacI hotA hai tathA vyavahAra meM Thagane vAlA hotA hai| vaha binA vicAra kie kAryoM ko karane vAlA hotA hai tathA vibhinna samasyAoM ke samAdhAna ke lie bAra-bAra zastroM / hiMsA ke prayoga ko hI mahattva detA hai (26) /

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| AcArAMga sUtra meM mUlyAtmaka cetanAmA 937 AdhyAtmika preraka tathA unase prApta zikSA yaha mUrchita manuSyoM kA jagat hai| aisA hote hue bhI yaha jagat manuSya ko aise anubhava pradAna karane ke lie sakSama hai, jinake dvArA vaha apane AdhyAtmika utthAna ke lie preraNA prApta kara sakatA hai| manuSya kitanA hI mUrcchita kyoM na ho phira bhI bur3hApA, mRtyu aura dhana-vaibhava kI asthiratA usako eka bAra jagat ke rahasya ko samajhane ke lie bAdhya kara hI dete haiN| yaha saca hai ki kucha manuSyoM ke lie yaha jagat indriya tuSTi kA hI mAdhyama banA rahatA hai(74), kintu kucha manuSya aise saMvedanazIla hote haiM ki yaha jagat unakI mUrchA ko Akhira tor3a hI detA hai| manuSya dekhatA hai ki pratikSaNa usakI Ayu kSINa ho rahI hai| apanI bItI huI Ayu ko dekhakara vaha vyAkula hotA hai aura bur3hApe meM usakA mana gar3abar3A jAtA hai| jinake sAtha vaha rahatA hai, ve hI AtmIya jana usako burA bhalA kahane lagate haiM aura vaha bhI unako burA-bhalA kahane laga jAtA hai| bur3hApe kI avasthA meM vaha manoraMjana ke lie, krIr3A ke lie tathA prema ke lie nIrasatA vyakta karatA hai (27) / ata: AcArAMga kA zikSaNa hai ki ye AtmIya jana manuSya ke sahAre ke lie paryApta nahIM hote haiM aura vaha bhI unake sahAre ke lie paryApta nahIM hotA hai (27) / isa prakAra manuSya bur3hApe ko samajhakara AdhyAtmika preraNA grahaNa kare tathA saMyama ke lie prayatnazIla bane aura vartamAna manuSya jIvana ke saMyoga ko dekhakara Asakti rahita banane kA prayAsa kare (28) / AcArAMga kA kathana hai ki he manuSyoM! Ayu bIta rahI hai, yauvana bhI bIta rahA hai, ata: pramAda (Asakti) meM mata phaso(28) aura jaba taka indriyoM kI zakti kSINa na ho taba taka hI sva astitva ke prati jAgarUka hokara AdhyAtmika vikAsa meM lago (30) / AcArAMga sarva anubhUta tathya ko doharAtA hai ki mRtyu ke lie kisI bhI kSaNa na AnA nahIM hai (36) / isI bAta ko rakhate hue AcArAMga phira kahatA hai ki manuSya isa deha-saMgama ko dekhe| yaha deha-saMgama chUTatA avazya hai| isakA to svabhAva hI nazvara hai| yaha adhruva hai, anitya hai aura azAzvata hai (85) / AcArAMga unake prati Azcarya prakaTa karatA hai jo mRtyu ke dvArA pakar3e hue hone para bhI saMgraha meM Asakta hote haiM (74) / mRtyu kI anivAryatA hamArI AdhyAtmika preraNA kA kAraNa bana sakatI hai| kucha manuSya isase preraNA grahaNa kara anAsakti kI sAdhanA meM laga jAte haiN| dhana-vaibhava meM manuSya sabase adhika Asakta hotA hai| cUMki jIvana kI sabhI AvazyakatAe~ isI se pUrI hotI haiM, isalie manuSya isakA saMgraha karane ke lie sabhI prakAra ke ucita-anucita karma meM saMlagna ho jAtA hai| AcArAMga Asakta manuSya kA dhyAna dhana-vaibhava ke nAza kI ora AkarSita

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jinavANI- jainAgama-sAhitya vizeSAGka karate hue kahatA hai ki kabhI cora dhana-vaibhava kA apaharaNa kara lete haiM, kabhI rAjA usako chIna letA hai aura kabhI vaha ghara-dahana meM jalA diyA jAtA hai (37) / dhana-vaibhava kA nAza kucha manuSyoM ko AdhyAtmika preraNA dekara unako Atma-jAgRti kI sthiti meM lAne ke lie samartha ho sakatA hai| isa taraha se jaba mUrchita manuSya ko saMsAra kI nissAratA kA bhAna hone lagatA hai (61), to usakI mUrchA kI saghanatA dhIre-dhIre kama hotI jAtI hai aura vaha adhyAtma mArga kI ora cala par3atA hai| kabhI-kabhI aisA bhI hotA hai ki yadi adhyAtma meM pragati kiyA haA vyakti mila jAe to bhI mUrcchita manuSya jAgRta sthiti meM chalAMga lagA sakatA hai (93) / isa taraha se bur3hApA, mRtyu, dhana-vaibhava kA nAza, saMsAra kI nissAratA aura jAgRta manuSya ke darzana- ye sabhI mUrcchita manuSya ko AdhyAtmika preraNA dekara usameM sva-astitva kA bodha paidA kara sakate haiN| Antarika rUpAntaraNa aura sAdhanA ke sUtra __ Atma-jAgRti athavA sva-astitva ke bodha ke pazcAt AcArAMga manuSya ko cAritrAtmaka Antarika rUpAntaraNa ke mahattva ko batalAte hue sAdhanA ke aise sArabhUta sUtroM ko batalAtA hai jisase usakI sAdhanA pUrNatA ko prApta ho ske| kahA hai ki he manuSya! tU hI terA mitra hai (66), tU apane mana ko roka kara jI (61) / jo sundara cittavAlA hai, vaha vyAkulatA meM nahIM phaMsatA hai (68) / tU mAnasika viSamatA (rAga-dveSa) ke sAtha hI yuddha kara, tere lie bAharI vyaktiyoM se yuddha karane se kyA lAbha (99)? baMdha (azAMti) aura mokSa (zAMti) tere apane mana meM hI haiM (97) / dharma na gAMva meM hotA hai aura na jaMgala meM, vaha to eka prakAra kA Antarika rUpAntaraNa hai (96) / kahA gayA hai ki jo mamatAvAlI vastu-buddhi ko chor3atA hai, vaha mamatAvAlI vastu ko chor3atA hai, jisake lie koI mamatAvAlI vastu nahIM hai, vaha hI aisA jJAnI hai, jisake dvArA adhyAtma patha jAnA gayA hai (46) / Antarika rUpAntaraNa ke mahatva ko samajhAne ke bAda AcArAMga ne hameM sAdhanA kI dizAe~ batAI haiN| ye dizAe~ hI sAdhanA ke sUtra haiN| 1. ajJAnI manuSya kA bAhya jagat se samparka usameM AzAoM aura icchAoM ko janma detA hai| manuSyoM se vaha apanI AzAoM kI pUrti cAhane lagatA hai aura vastuoM kI prApti ke dvArA vaha icchAoM kI tRpti cAhatA hai| isa taraha se manuSya AzAoM aura icchAoM kA piNDa banA rahatA hai| ye hI usake mAnasika tanAva, azAnti aura du:kha ke kAraNa hote haiM (39) / isalie AcArAMga kA kathana hai ki manuSya AzA aura icchA ko tyAge (39) / 2. jo vyakti indriyoM ke viSayoM meM Asakta hotA hai, vaha bahirmukhI hI banA rahatA hai, jisake phalasvarUpa usake karma-baMdhana nahIM haTate haiM aura usake vibhAva saMyoga

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AcArAMga sUtra meM mUlyAtmaka cetanA 95 vadha (rAgadveSAtmaka bhAva) naSTa nahIM hote haiM (78) / ataH indriya viSaya meM anAsakti sAdhanA ke lie Avazyaka hai| yahIM se saMyama kI yAtrA prArambha hotI hai (53) AcArAMga kA kathana hai ki he manuSya! tU anAsakta ho jA aura apane ko niyantrita kara (76) / jaise agni jIrNa (sUkhI lakar3iyoM ko naSTa kara detI hai, usI prakAra anAsakta vyakti rAga-dveSa ko naSTa kara detA hai (76) / 3. kaSAe~ manuSya kI svAbhAvikatA ko naSTa kara detI haiN| kaSAyoM kA rAjA moha hai| jo eka moha ko naSTa kara detA hai, vaha bahuta kaSAyoM ko naSTa kara detA hai (69) / ahaMkAra mRdu sAmAjika saMbaMdhoM tathA Atma-vikAsa kA zatru hai| kahA hai ki utthAna kA ahaMkAra hone para manuSya mUr3ha bana jAtA hai (91) / jo krodha Adi kaSAyoM ko tathA ahaMkAra ko naSTa karake calatA hai, vaha saMsAra-pravAha ko naSTa kara detA hai (62--70) / 4. mAnava samAja meM na koI nIca hai aura na koI ucca hai (34) / sabhI ke sAtha samatApUrNa vyavahAra kiyA jAnA caahie| AcArAMga ke anusAra samatA meM hI dharma hai (88) / 5 . isa jagat meM saba prANiyoM ke lie pIr3A azAnti hai, duHkha yukta hai (23) / sabhI prANiyoM ke lie yahA~ sukha anukUla hote haiM, duHkha pratikUla hote haiM, apriya hote haiM tathA jindA rahane kI avasthAe~ priya hotI haiM / saba prANiyoM ke lie jIvana priya hotA hai (36) / ataH AcArAMga kA kathana hai ki koI bhI prANI mArA nahIM jAnA cAhie, gulAma nahIM banAyA jAnA cAhie, zAsita nahIM kiyA jAnA cAhie, satAyA nahIM jAnA cAhie aura azAnta nahIM kiyA jAnA cAhie / yahI dharma zuddha hai, nitya hai, zAzvata hai ( 72 ) jo ahiMsA kA pAlana karatA hai, vaha nirbhaya ho jAtA hai (69) / hiMsA tIvra se tIvra hotI hai, kintu ahiMsA sarala hotI hai (69) / ata: hiMsA ko manuSya tyAge / prANiyoM meM tAttvika samatA sthApita karate hue AcArAMga ahiMsA bhAvanA ko dRr3ha karane ke liye kahatA hai ki jisako tU mAre jAne yogya mAnatA hai, vaha tU hI hai, jisako tU zAsita kie jAne yogya mAnatA hai- vaha tU hI hai, jisako tU satAe jAne yogya mAnatA hai- vaha tU hI hai, jisako tU gulAma banAe jAne yogya mAnatA hai - vaha tU hI hai, jisako tU azAnta kie jAne yogya mAnatA hai - vaha tU hI hai (94) / isalie jJAnI, jIvoM ke prati dayA kA upadeza de aura dayA pAlana kI prazaMsA kare (102) / 6. AcArAMga ne samatA aura ahiMsA kI sAdhanA ke sAtha satya kI sAdhanA ko bhI svIkAra kiyA hai| AcArAMga kA zikSaNa hai ki he manuSya ! tU satya kA nirNaya kara, satya meM dhAraNA kara aura satya kI AjJA meM upasthita raha (59, 68 ) / 7. saMgraha, samAja meM Arthika viSamatA paidA karatA hai| ataH AcArAMga kA kathana hai ki manuSya apane ko parigraha se dUra rakhe (42) bahuta bhI prApta karake vaha usameM Asaktiyukta na bane (42) / 8. AcArAMga meM samatAdarzI (arhat) kI AjJA pAlana ko karttavya kahA gayA hai (99) / kahA hai ki kucha loga samatAdarzI kI anAjJA meM bhI

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96 jinavANI- jainAgama-sAhitya vizeSAGka tatparatA sahita hote haiM, kucha loga usakI AjJA meM bhI AlasI hote haiN| aisA nahIM honA cAhie (96) yahAM yaha pUchA jA sakatA hai ki kyA manuSya ke dvArA AjJA pAlana kie jAne ko mahattva denA usakI svatantratA kA hanana nahIM hai?uttara meM kahA jA sakatA hai ki svatantratA kA hanana taba hotA hai jaba buddhi yA tarka se sulajhAI jAne vAlI samasyAoM meM bhI AjJApAlana ko mahattva diyA jaae| kintu, jahAM buddhi kI pahuMca na ho aise AdhyAtmika rahasyoM ke kSetra meM AtmAnubhavI (samatAdarzI) kI AjJA kA pAlana hI sAdhaka ke lie Atma vikAsa kA mAdhyama bana sakatA hai| saMsAra ko jAnane ke lie saMzaya anivArya hai (83), para samAdhi ke lie zraddhA anivArya hai (92) isase bhI Age caleM to samAdhi meM pahuMcane ke lie samatAdarzI kI AjJA meM calanA Avazyaka hai| saMzaya se vijJAna janmatA hai, para AtmAnubhavI kI AjJA meM calane se hI samAdhi- avasthA taka pahuMcA jA sakatA hai| ata: AcArAMga ne arhat kI AjJA pAlana ko karttavya kahakara AdhyAtmika rahasyoM ko jAnane ke lie mArga prazasta kiyA hai| 9. manuSya loka kI prazaMsA prApta karanA cAhatA hai, para loka asAdhAraNa kAryoM kI bar3I muzkila se prazaMsA karatA hai| usakI pahuMca to sAmAnya kAryoM taka hI hotI hai| mUlyoM kA sAdhaka vyakti asAdhAraNa vyakti hotA hai, ata: usako apane krAntikArI kAryoM ke lie prazaMsA milanA kaThina hotA hai| prazaMsA kA icchuka prazaMsA na milane para kAryoM ko nizcaya hI chor3a degaa| AcArAMga ne manuSya kI isa vRtti ko samajhakara kahA hai ki mUlyoM kA sAdhaka loka ke dvArA prazaMsita hone ke lie icchA hI na kare (73) / vaha to vyaktigata aura sAmAjika jIvana meM mUlyoM kI sAdhanA se sadaiva jur3A rhe| sAdhanA kI pUrNatA sAdhanA kI pUrNatA hone para hameM aise mahAmAnava ke darzana hote haiM jo vyakti ke vikAsa aura sAmAjika pragati ke liye preraNA stambha hotA hai| AcArAMga meM aise mahAmAnava kI vizeSatAoM ko bar3I sUkSmatA se darzAyA gayA hai| use draSTA, apramAdI, jAgrata, anAsakta, vIra, kuzala Adi zabdoM se iMgita kiyA gayA hai| 1. draSTA ke lie koI upadeza zeSa nahIM hai (38) / usakA koI nAma nahIM hai (71) / 2. usakI AMkheM vistRta hotI haiM arthAt vaha sampUrNa loka ko dekhane vAlA hotA hai (44) / 3. vaha baMdhana aura mukti ke vikalpoM se pare hotA hai (50) vaha zubha-azubha, Adi donoM antoM se nahIM kahA jA sakatA hai, isalie vaha dvandvAtIta hotA hai (56, 64) aura usakA anubhava kisI ke dvArA na chedA jA sakatA hai, na bhedA jA sakatA hai, na jalAyA jA sakatA hai tathA na naSTa kiyA jA sakatA hai (64) / vaha kisI bhI viparIta paristhiti meM khinna nahIM hotA hai aura vaha kisI bhI anukUla paristhiti meM khuza nahIM hotA hai| vAstava meM vaha to samatA bhAva meM sthita rahatA

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AcArAMga sUtra meM mUlyAtmaka cetanA hai (47) 4. vaha pUrNa jAgarUkatA se calane vAlA hotA hai, ataH vaha vIra hiMsA se saMlagna nahIM kiyA jAtA hai (49) / vaha sadaiva hI AdhyAtmikatA meM jAgatA hai (51) / 5: vaha anupama prasannatA meM rahatA hai (48) / 6. vaha karmoM se rahita hotA hai| usake lie sAmAnya loka pracalita AcaraNa Avazyaka nahIM hotA hai, (55) / kintu usakA AcaraNa vyakti va samAja ke lie mArgadarzaka hotA hai| vaha mUlyoM se alagAva ko tathA pazu pravRttiyoM ke prati lagAva ko samAja ke jIvana meM sahana nahIM karatA hai (47) / AcArAMga kA zikSaNa hai ki jisa kAma ko jAgrata vyakti karatA hai, vyakti va samAja usako kare (50) 7. vaha indriyoM ke viSayoM ko draSTAbhAva se jAnA huA hotA hai, isalie vaha AtmavAn, jJAnavAn, vedavAn, dharmavAn aura brahmavAn kahA jA sakatA hai (52) / 8. jo loka meM parama tattva ko dekhane vAlA hai, vaha vahA~ viveka se jIne vAlA hotA hai, vaha tanAva se mukta, samatAvAn, kalyANa karane vAlA, sadA jitendriya kAryoM ke lie ucita samaya ko cAhane vAlA hotA hai tathA vaha anAsaktipUrvaka loka meM gamana karatA hai (58) / 9. usa mahAmAnava ke AtmAnubhava kA varNana karane meM saba zabda lauTa Ate haiM, usake viSaya meM koI tarka upayogI nahIM hotA hai, buddhi usake viSaya meM kucha bhI pakar3ane vAlI nahIM hotI hai (97) AtmAnubhava kI vaha avasthA AbhAmayI hotI hai| vaha kevala jJAtA-draSTA avasthA hotI hai (97) / mahAvIra kA sAdhanAmaya jIvana AcArAMga ne mahAvIra ke sAdhanAmaya jIvana para prakAza DAlA hai| yaha jIvana kisI bhI sAdhaka ke lie preraNAsrota bana sakatA hai| mahAvIra sAMsArika paratantratA ko tyAgakara AtmasvAtantrya ke mArga para cala par3e (103) unakI sAdhanA meM dhyAna pramukha thA / ve tIna ghaMTe taka binA palaka jhapakAe AMkhoM ko bhIMta para lagAkara Antarika rUpa se dhyAna karate the (104) / yadi mahAvIra gRhasthoM se yukta sthAna meM Thaharate the to bhI ve unase melajola na bar3hAkara dhyAna meM hI lIna rahate the| bAdhA upasthita hone para ve vahAM se cale jAte the| ve dhyAna kI to kabhI bhI upekSA nahIM karate the (105) mahAvIra apane samaya ko kathA, nAca, gAna meM, lAThI yuddha tathA mUThI yuddha ko dekhane meM nahIM bitAte the (106) / kAma kathA tathA kAmAtura izAroM meM ve harSa zoka rahita hote the (107) / ve prANiyoM kI hiMsA se bacakara vihAra karate the (108) / ve khAne-pIne kI mAtrA ko samajhane vAle the aura rasoM meM kabhI lAlAyita nahIM hote the (109) / mahAvIra kabhI zarIra ko nahIM khujalAte the aura AMkhoM meM kucha girane para AMkhoM ko poMchate bhI nahIM the (110 ) / ve kabhI zUnya gharoM meM, kabhI luhAra, kabhI kumhAra Adi ke karma - sthAnoM meM, kabhI bagIce meM, masANa meM aura kabhI per3a ke nIce Thaharate the aura saMyama meM sAvadhAnI baratate hue ve dhyAna karate the (112,113,114) / mahAvIra sone meM

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198 jinavANI- jainAgama-sAhitya vizeSAGka Ananda nahIM lete the| nIMda AtI to apane ko khar3A karake jagA lete the| ve thor3A sote avazya the, para nIMda kI icchA rakhakara nahIM (115) / yadi rAta meM unako nIMda. satAtI, to ve AvAsa se bAhara nikalakara idhara-udhara ghUma kara phira jAgate hue dhyAna meM baiTha jAte the (116) / __ mahAvIra ne laukika tathA alaukika kaSToM ko samatApUrvaka sahana kiyA (117,118) / vibhinna paristhitiyoM meM harSa aura zoka para vijaya prApta karake ve samatA yukta bane rahe (119) / lADha deza ke logoM ne unako bahuta hairAna kiyaa| vahAM kucha loga aise the jo mahAvIra ke pIche kuttoM ko chor3a dete the| kucha loga una para vibhinna prakAra se prahAra karate the (120,121,122) / kintu, jaise kavaca se DhakA huA yoddhA saMgrAma ke morce para rahatA hai, vaise hI ve mahAvIra vahAM durvyavahAra ko sahate hue Atma-niyantrita rahe (123) / do mAsa se adhika athavA cha: mAsa taka bhI mahAvIra kucha nahIM khAte-pIte the| rAta-dina ve rAga-dveSa rahita rahe (124) / kabhI ve do dina ke upavAsa ke bAda meM, kabhI tIna dina ke upavAsa ke bAda meM, kabhI cAra athavA pAMca dina ke upavAsa ke bAda meM bhojana karate the (125) / ve gRhastha ke lie bane hue vizuddha AhAra kI hI bhikSA grahaNa karate the aura usako ve samatA yukta bane rahakara upayoga meM lAte the (127) / mahAvIra kaSAya rahita the| ve zabdoM aura rUpoM meM anAsakta rahate the| jaba ve asarvajJa the, taba bhI unhoMne sAhasa ke sAtha saMyama pAlana karate hue eka bAra bhI pramAda nahIM kiyA (128) / mahAvIra jIvana paryanta samatA yukta rahe (129) / AcArAMga ke uparyukta viSaya vivecana se spaSTa hai ki AcArAMga meM jIvana ke mUlyAtmaka pakSa kI sUkSma abhivyakti huI hai| -eca 7, citaraMtana mArga, sI skIma, jayapura(rAja.)

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AcArAMga sUtra kA mukhya saMdeza : ahiMsA aura asaMgatA zrIcanda, surANA 'sarasa AcArAMgasUtra meM sAdhanA ke sUtra bikhare par3e haiN| jaina granthoM ke prasiddha sampAdaka zrI zrIcanda jI surANA 'sarasa' ne apane Alekha meM AcArAMga kI viSayavastu kI saMkSepa meM carcA karate hue ahiMsA evaM asaMgatA ke saMdeza ko ujAgara kiyA hai|--smpaadk AcArAMga sUtra eka aisA kSIra samudra hai jisameM svAdhyAya dvArA jaba bhI avagAhana / nimajjana karatA hU~ to koI na koI divya maNi hAtha laga hI jAtI aMga sUtroM meM yaha pahalA aMga hai, kintu isase bhI bar3I bAta AcArya bhadrabAhu ne kahI hai ki yaha samUce aMga sUtroM kA sAra hai- aMgANaM kiM sAro? aayaaro| isakA pratIkAtmaka artha itanA hI nahIM hai ki 'AcAra' aMga sUtroM kA sAra hai, kintu isa sampUrNa Agama ko lakSya karake bhI yaha kahA gayA hai ki isameM AcAra-vicAra, dhyAna-samAdhi Adi sabhI viSayoM kA cintana bIja rUpa meM sannihita hai| prAcIna mAnyatA hai ki isa eka Agama kA parizIlana/anuzIlana kara lene para sampUrNa aMga sUtroM ke rahasya jJAna kI cAbI hAtha laga jAtI hai| agara isa Agama kA svAdhyAya nahIM kiyA to vaha muni zramaNa dharma kA jJAtA nahIM kahalAtA, na hI vaha AcAradhara banatA hai, na hI gaNipada kA pAtra bana sakatA hai| __ "AyArammi ahIe ja nAo hoi samaNadhammo u| tamhA AyAradharo bhaNNai paDhamaM gaNiTThANaM / / " -niyukti 10 niyukti evaM TIkA Adi ke anusAra AcArAMga ke 18 hajAra pada haiN| saMbhavata: racanA kAla meM itane pada rahe hoMge, kintu Aja to bahuta kama pada bace haiN| isakA artha hai AcArAMga kA bahuta bar3A bhAga vicchinna ho gayA hai| vikrama kI prathama zatAbdI taka isakA mahAparijJA adhyayana vidyamAna thA, jo Aja upalabdha nahIM hai| AcArya vajrasvAmI ne usase gaganagAminI vidyA uddhRta kI thI (Avazyaka niyukti, malayagiri vRtti) kintu TIkAkAra abhayadeva sUri (AThavIM zatAbdI) ke pUrva vaha bhI vicchinna ho cukA thA(abhayadeva vRtti)| cUrNi ke anusAra mahAparijJA adhyayana meM aneka vidyAe~, maMtra Adi kA varNana va sAdhanA vidhiyA~ thii| kAla prabhAva se unakA adhyayana anupayukta samajhA gayA, isalie tAtkAlika AcAryoM ne usako asamanujJAta kahakara paThana-pAThana niSiddha kara diyaa| itanA sabakucha lupta--vilupta ho jAne ke pazcAt bhI AcArAMga Aja jitanA bacA hai, vaha bhI bahuta hai| mahAsamudra se kitane hI ratna nikAla liye jAyeM vaha to ratnAkara hI rahatA hai usakA bhaNDAra rikta nahIM hotaa| AcArAMga ke saMbaMdha meM bhI yahI kahA jA sakatA hai|

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jinavANI- jainAgama-sAhitya vizeSAGka AcArAMga sUtra kA prathama udghoSa -- Atmabodha se prArambha hotA hai / brahmasUtra jisa prakAra athAto brahma jijJAsA se prArambha hotA hai / AcArAMga bhI bhAva rUpa meM athAto Atma-jijJAsA se Arambha hotA hai aura AcArAMga kA antima rUpa Atma. sAkSAtkAra ke zikhara taka pahu~cA detA hai| 'AcAra' zabda se dhvanita hotA hai ki isa sUtra kA pratipAdya AcAra dharma hai| 'AcAra' kA artha yadi 'cAritra' taka sImita rakheM to yaha arthabodha apUrNa hai, aparyApta hai| AcAra se yadi hama paMcAcAra kA bodha karate haiM to avazya hI isa Agama meM jJAnAcAra, darzanAcAra, cAritrAcAra, tapAcAra aura vinayAcAra rUpa AcAra dharma kA saMketAtmaka sAra upalabdha hai| AcArAMga meM tattva darzana ke mUla AtmadRSTi se saMbaMdhita sUtra udyAna meM phUloM kI taraha yatra. tatra bikhare hue haiN| AcArya siddhasena ne jaina tattva dRSTi ke AdhArabhUta chaha satya sthAna batAye haiM 100 "atthi aviNAsadhammI karei vedai atthi nivvANaM / 1. atthiya mokkhovAo cha sammattassa ThANAI / / " - sanmati prakaraNa 3/55 AtmA hai 2. AtmA avinAzI hai 3. AtmA karmoM kA karttA hai| 4. AtmA hI karmoM kA bhoktA hai 5. karmoM se mukti rUpa nirvANa hai 6 . nivArNa kA upAya bhI hai| ye chaha cintana sUtra samyaktva ke mUla AdhAra mAne gaye haiN| AtmavAda kA sampUrNa darzana inhI chaha stambhoM para AdhArita hai / AcArAMga sUtra meM ye chaha sUtra yathAprasaMga apane vistAra ke sAtha upalabdha haiM aura una para sUtrAtmaka cintana bhI hai| 1. atthi me AyA - merI AtmA hai, vaha punarjanma lene vAlI hai| isI sUtra AcArAMga kI sampUrNa viSaya vastu kA vistAra hotA hai| 2. jo Agao aNusaMcarai so'haM- jo ina sabhI dizAoM-anudizAoM meM, sampUrNa jagat meM anusaMcaraNa karatA hai, jo thA, hai aura rahegA, vaha maiM hI hU~ / isa sUtra meM AtmA kA avinAzitva sUcita kiyA gayA hai| 3. purisA, tumameva tumaM mittaM - jIveNa kaDe pamAeNaM- "he puruSa ! tU hI terA mitra hai, tU hI terA sukha - duHkha kA kartA hai| yaha saba duHkha jIva ne hI pramAdavaza kiye hai|" yaha Atma-kartRtva kA saMdeza hai| 4. tumaM ceva taM sallamAhaTTu - "he puruSa ! tU hI apane zalya kA uddhAra kara sakatA hai|" apane kRta karmoM ko svayaM hI bhoga karake nirjarA karane kA saMdeza isa sUtra meM vyakta hotA hai| 5. aNaNNa-paramaNANI No pamAyae kayAi vi- jJAnI puruSa ananyaparama- jo sabase zreSTha hai aura parama hai vaha nirvANa, usa nirvANa kI upalabdhi ke lie kSaNa mAtra bhI pramAda na kre| yaha karmamukti rUpa nirvANa kA saMketa hai|

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| AcArAMga sUtra kA mukhya saMdeza : ahiMsA aura asaMgatA 101 6. isa Agama ke pratyeka adhyayana meM samyak jJAna, samyak darzana aura samyak cAritra rUpa nirvANa upAya kA pratipAdana milatA hai| isa prakAra AcArAMga sUtra meM adhyAtma ke mUla AdhAra 'AtmavAda', Atma viveka aura Atma-zuddhi ke vividha upAyoM kA varNana hai, jo isa Agama ko AtmavAda kA AdhArabhUta zAstra siddha karate haiN| AcArAMga kA prathama adhyayana 'zastra parijJA' hai| zastra yAnI hiMsA tathA hiMsA ke saadhn| isa adhyayana meM SaDjIva nikAya meM cetana sattA kI siddhi karate hue unakI hiMsA ke kAraNa va virodhI zastroM kA varNana karate hue sarvatra jIva hiMsA se uparata rahane kA saMdeza hai| asthi satthaM pareNa paraM- zastra eka se eka bar3hakara haiM, bhayaMkara haiM- isa vAkya ne Adhunika vijJAna dvArA nirmita atyanta tIkSNa / ghAtaka zastroM ke prati sAvadhAna kiyA hai aura zastra prayoga kA mUla asaMyama mAnakara mUla para hI prahAra kiyA gayA hai| 'asaMyama' ke kAraNa hI hiMsA kI jAtI hai, isalie isa adhyayana kA mukhya saMdeza saMyama hai| dvitIya 'loka vijaya' adhyayana kA mukhya saMdeza Asakti vijaya hai| je guNe se mUlaTThANe- jo indriya viSaya haiM, vahI saMsAra hai| isI saMsAra rUpa loka ko vijaya karane kA upAya batAyA hai- lobhaM alomeNaM duguMchamANe- lobha ko saMtoSa se, kAmanAoM ko niSkAmatA se jiito| virakta vItarAga hI saMsAra kA vijetA banatA hai| isI prakAra isake sabhI nau adhyayana jIvanasparzI haiM aura bAhyAcAra kI jagaha antara AcAra, titikSA, virakti, parigraha tyAga, asaMgatA, samAdhi, dhyAna Adi viSayoM para kendrita haiN| AcArAMga meM apanI sAmayika vicAradhArAoM para bhagavAna mahAvIra kA apanA svataMtra va sArvabhauma cintana bhI spaSTa jhalakatA hai| usa yuga meM vaidika vicAradhArA ke anusAra 'araNya-sAdhanA' kA vizeSa mahattva thaa| araNyavAda ko bahuta adhika mahattva diyA jAtA thA, kintu bhagavAna mahAvIra ne isameM saMzodhana prastuta kiyA aura kahA- yaha ekAnta satya nahIM hai ki araNya meM hI sAdhanA ho sakatI hai- gAme vA aduvA raNNe- sAdhanA gAMva meM bhI ho sakatI hai, nagara meM bhii| jahAM bhI citta kI nirmalatA aura sthiratA sadha sake vahIM para sAdhanA kI jA sakatI hai| smRtiyoM ke anusAra zUdra dharma sunane kA adhikArI nahIM thaa| kevala uccavarNa ko hI dharmasabhAoM meM jAne aura zAstracarcA karane kA adhikAra prApta thaa| isake viparIta bhagavAna mahAvIra ne udghoSa kiyA- jahA puNNassa katthai tahA tucchassa ktthi| sAdhaka sabako samAna bhAva se dharma kA upadeza kre| ucca yA puNyavAna ko bhI aura daridra ko bhI dharma kA upadeza kre| isI prakAra vaidika

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102 jinavANI- jainAgama-sAhitya vizeSAGaka sAhitya meM jahAM jAti ko mahattva diyA gayA hai, vahAM bhagavAna mahAvIra ne isa mAnyatA ke viruddha sarvatra samatA kA siddhAnta nirUpita kiyA hai- No hINe No airitte- na koI hIna hai, na koI ucca hai| AcArAMga sUtra meM samasAmayika sAdhanA aura dharmadhAraNA kA vyApaka prabhAva hai aura una saba para bhagavAna mahAvIra ke svataMtra samatvamUlaka cintana ko gaharI chApa hai| aparigraha kA mahAna darzana AcArAMga kA adhyayana karane vAle vidvAna ise ahiMsA aura paryAvaraNa ke siddhAntoM kA pratipAdaka Agama mAna lete haiN| paryAvaraNa ahiMsA se hI saMbaMdhita hai aura ahiMsA ke lie AcArAMga kA prathama adhyayana-sattha pariNNA, bahuta hI vyApaka dRSTi detA hai| __ ahiMsA kI spaSTa dRSTi eka hI sUtra meM vyakta kara dI gaI haiAyatule payAsu-eyaM tulamannesiM-- tU dUsaroM ko apane samAna hI smjh| sabake sukha du:kha ko apanI AtmAnubhUti kI tulA para tolakara dekh| bhagavAna mahAvIra kA cintana hai- hiMsA to eka kriyA hai, eka manovRtti hai| isakA mUla preraka tattva to Asakti, tRSNA yA parigraha hai| arthazAstra tathA samAja manovijJAna kI dRSTi se mAnava vikAsa kA preraka tattva hai- artha ke prati raag| vastu-prApti kI icchA aura usake lie prytn| kintu bhagavAna mahAvIra kahate haiM-vastu ke prati rAga aura prApti ke lie prayatna se jIvana meM kabhI bhI zAMti aura Ananda kI prApti nahIM ho sktii| jIvana kA lakSya sukha nahIM, Ananda hai aura Ananda kA mArga hai-saMtoSa, Asakti kA tyAga, parigraha vimukti| isalie AcArAMga meM sthAna-sthAna para Asakti.tyAga aura kaSAya mukti kA upadeza diyA gayA parigraha kI vRtti hI hiMsA ko protsAhita karatI hai| parigraha ke lie hI hiMsA kA sAdhana rUpa meM prayoga hotA hai| isalie bhagavAna mahAvIra ne hiMsA kA varjana karate hue usakI mUla jar3a parigraha tathA viSaya-Asakti kA tyAga karane kA upadeza diyA hai| AsaM ca chandaM ca vigiMca dhIre- AzA, tRSNA aura viSayecchA ko chor3ane vAlA hI dhIra hai| eyaM pAsa! maNI mahabbhayaM he muni! dekha, yaha tRSNA, sukhoM kI abhilASA hI saMsAra meM mahAbhaya kA kAraNa hai| yahI sabase bar3A pApa hai| AcArAMga sUtra kA parizIlana karate hue aisA anubhava hotA hai ki isakA eka-eka sUtra , eka-eka zabda apane ApameM eka zAstra hai, eka pUrA darzana hai| dhyAna, samAdhi anuprekSA, bhAvanA, kAma virakti, apramAda, kaSAya

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- | AcArAMga sUtra kA mukhya saMdeza : ahiMsA aura asaMgatA 1031 vijaya, parISaha vijaya, titikSA, vinaya, karma lAghava, upadhi tyAga Adi aise saikaDoM viSaya haiM jina para yadi sAdhaka cintana kare, unakI bhAvanA karatA rahe to pratyeka sUtra meM se jIvana kI divyatA kA, bhAvoM kI zreSThatA kA nirmala prakAza prApta ho sakatA hai| sArAMza rUpa meM do zabdoM meM AcArAMga kA saMdeza vyakta kiyA jA sakatA hai... 1. sarvatra saba jIvoM ke prati samatvabhAva kI anubhUti aura 2. Antarika vikAroM para vijaya / arthAt ahiMsA aura asaMgatA-- AcArAMga kA mUla saMdeza hai| -e 7, avAgaDha hAusa, ema.jI.roDa, AgarA (u.pra.)

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sUtrakRtAMga kA varNya viSaya evaM vaiziSTya DaoN. azoka kumAra jaina sUtrakRtAMga do zrutaskandhoM evaM 23 adhyayanoM meM vibhakta hai| isameM vibhinna dArzanika vicAradhArAoM ke sAtha sAdhaka kI sAdhanA ko uccatA pradAna karane vAle sUtra evaM prerakatattva upalabdha haiN| AcArAMga ke anantara sUtrakRtAMga ko jainAgamoM meM atyanta mahattvapUrNa Agama mAnA jAtA hai| jaina vizvabhAratI, lADanUM ke prAdhyApaka DaoN. azoka jI ne apane Alekha meM sUtrakRtAMga kI viSayavastu kA saMkSepa meM pratipAdana kiyA hai| - sampAdaka nAma bodha aMga - sAhitya meM sUtrakRtAMga dUsarA aMga hai| samavAya, naMdI aura anuyogadvAra meM isa Agama kA nAma 'sUyagaDo' hai| niyuktikAra bhadrabAhu svAmI ne isa Agama ke tIna guNaniSpanna nAma batAe haiM- 1. sUtagaDa 2. suttakaDa 3. sUyagaDa- suucaakRt| yaha maulika dRSTi se bhagavAna mahAvIra se sUta (utpanna) hai tathA yaha grantha rUpa meM gaNadhara ke dvArA kRta hai, isalie isakA nAma sUtrakRta (sUtagaDa) hai| isameM sUtra ke anusAra tattva bodha kiyA jAtA hai, isalie isakA nAma suttakaDa hai| isameM sva aura para samaya kI sUcanA hai| isalie isakA nAma sUcanAkRta (suyagaDa) hai| vastutaH sUta, sutta aura sUya ye tInoM sUtra ke hI prAkRta rUpa haiN| usI ke tIna guNAtmaka nAmoM kI parikalpanA kI gyii| samavAya aura naMdI meM yaha spaSTatayA ullikhita hai ki sUtrakRtAMga meM svasiddhAnta evaM parasiddhAnta kI sUcanA hai"sUyagaDe NaM sasamayA sUijjati, parasamayA sUijjati, sasamaya parasamaya sUijjati" jo sUcaka hotA hai use sUtra kahA jAtA hai| isa Agama kI pRSThabhUmi meM sUcanAtmaka tattva kI pradhAnatA hai, isalie isakA nAma sUtrakRta hai| AcArya vIrasena ke anusAra sUtrakRtAMga meM anya dArzanikoM kA varNana hai / isa Agama kI racanA isI ke AdhAra para kI gaI, isalie isakA nAma sUtrakRta rakhA gyaa| sUtrakRta zabda ke anya vyutpattiparaka arthoM kI apekSA yaha artha adhika saMgata pratIta hotA hai / 'suttagaDa' aura bauddhoM ke 'suttanipAta' meM nAma- sAmya pratIta hotA hai| sUtrakRtAMga kA svarUpa yaha do zrutaskandhoM meM vibhakta hai| prathama zrutaskandha meM 16 adhyayana haiN| jinake nAma haiM- samae (samaya), veyAlie (vaitAlIya), uvasagga pariNA (upasarga parijJA), itthI pariNNA ( strI parijJA), Narayavibhatti (naraka vibhakti), mahAvIratthuI (mahAvIra stuti), kusIlaparibhAsitaM ( kuzIla paribhASita), vIriyaM (vIrya), dhammo (dharma), samAhI (samAdhi), magge (mArga), samosaraNaM (samavasaraNa), AhattahIyaM (yAthAtathya), gaMtho (grantha), jamaIe ( yamakIya), gAhA (gaathaa)| pahalA zrutaskandha prAyaH padyoM meM hai| usameM kevala eka adhyayana meM gadya kA prayoga huA hai|

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_103] | sUtrakRtAMga kA varNya viSaya evaM vaiziSTya / __dvitIya zrutaskandha meM sAta adhyayana haiN| jinake nAma haiM- pauMDarIe (pauNDarIka), kiriyA ThANe(kriyA sthAna), AhAra pariNNA (AhAra parijJA), paccakkhAna kiriyA(pratyAkhyAna kriyA), AyAra sUyaM (AcAra zruta), addaijjaM (ArdrakIya), nnaalNdijj(naalNdiiy)| isa zruta skandha meM gadya aura padya donoM pAye jAte haiN| isa Agama meM gAthA chanda ke atirikta indravrajA, vaitAlika, anuSTup Adi anya chandoM kA bhI prayoga milatA hai| vaiziSTya paMcabhUtavAda, brahmaikavAda-advaitavAda yA ekAtmavAda, dehAtmavAda, ajJAnavAda, akriyAvAda, niyativAda, AtmakartRtvavAda, sadvAda, paMcaskandhavAda tathA dhAtuvAda Adi kA sUtrakRtAMga ke prathama skandha meM prarUpaNa kiyA gayA hai| tatpakSasthApana aura nirasana kA eka sAMketika krama hai| dvitIya zrutaskandha meM paramatoM kA khaNDana kiyA gayA hai-- vizeSata: vahAM jIva evaM zarIra ke ekatva, IzvarakartRtva, niyativAda Adi kI carcA hai| prAcIna dArzanika matoM, vAdoM aura dRSTikoNoM ke adhyayana ke lie sUtrakRtAMga kA atyanta mahatva hai| Age hama adhyayana kramAnusAra varNya viSaya para saMkSipta prakAza DAla rahe haiN| varNya viSaya prathama zrutaskandha prathama adhyayana kA nAma jaisA Upara nirdeza kiyA gayA hai samae (samaya) hai| isa adhyayana kA viSaya hai- svasamaya arthAt jainamata aura parasamaya arthAt jainetara matoM ke katipaya siddhAntoM kA prtipaadn| isa adhyayana ke cAra uddezaka aura aThAsI zloka haiN| inameM vibhinna matoM kA pratipAdana, khaNDana aura svamata kA maNDana hai| yahA~ parigraha ko bandha aura hiMsA ko vairavRtti kA kAraNa batAte hue likhA hai ___ "save akaMtadukkhA ya, ao sabve ahiNsiyaa||"1/84 __ koI bhI jIva du:kha nahIM cAhatA isalie sabhI jIva ahiMsya haiM, hiMsA karane yogya nahIM haiN| __ "eyaM khu NANiNo sAraM, jaMNa hiMsai kNcnnN| ahiMsA samayaM ceva, eyAvaMtaM viyaanniyaa||" 1/85 arthAt jJAnI hone kA yahI sAra hai ki vaha kisI kI hiMsA nahIM krtaa| samatA ahiMsA hai, itanA hI use jAnanA hai| parigraha baMdhana hai, hiMsA baMdhana hai| bandhana kA hetu hai mmtv| karmabandha ke mukhya do hetu haiM- AraMbha aura prigrh| rAga, dveSa, moha Adi bhI karmabandha ke hetu haiM, kintu ve bhI Arambha parigraha ke binA nahIM hote| ata: mukhyata: ina do hetuoM Arambha aura parigraha kA hI grahaNa kiyA hai| ina donoM meM bhI parigraha

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| 106 jinavANI- jainAgama-sAhitya vizeSAGaka gurutara kAraNa hai| isameM prAcIna dArzanika matoM jaise bhUtavAda, AtmAdvaitavAda, ekAtmavAda, akArakavAda, kriyAvAda, niyativAda Adi kA paricaya dekara ina sabakA nirasana kiyA hai| dvitIya adhyayana vaitAlIya hai| isameM AdhyAtmika tathyoM kA pratipAdana hai| prArambha meM varNana kiyA gayA hai saMbujjhaha kiNNa bujjhaha, saMbohI khalu pecca dullhaa| No hUvaNamati rAio, No sulabhaM puNaravi jIviyaM / / '' 211 (bhagavAna RSabha ne apane putroM se kahA) saMbodhi ko prApta kro| bodhi ko kyoM nahIM prApta hote ho| jo vartamAna meM saMbodhi ko prApta nahIM hotA, use agale janma meM bhI vaha sulabha nahIM hotii| bItI huI rAteM lauTakara nahIM aatii| jIvana sUtra ke TUTa jAne para use puna: sAdhanA sulabha nahIM hai| pArivArika moha se nivRtti ke saMbaMdha meM likhA hai "dukkhI mohe puNo puNo, NiviMdejja silogapUyaNaM / evaM sahie'hipAsae, Ayatule pANehi sNje|| 2/66 arthAt duHkhI manuSya puna: puna: moha ko prApta hotA hai| tuma zlAghA aura pUjA se virakta rho| isa prakAra sahiSNu aura saMyamI saba jIvoM meM AtmatulA ko dekheN| apane samAna smjhe| parISaha-jaya, kaSAya-jaya Adi kA bhI samyak nirUpaNa isa adhyayana meM kiyA gayA hai| kAma, moha se nivRtta hokara AtmabhAva meM ramaNa karane kA upadeza isa adhyayana meM diyA gayA hai| tRtIya adhyayana 'upasarga parijJA' hai| upasargoM ko samatA pUrvaka sahane kI kSamatA vAlA muni apane lakSya ko pA letA hai| upasarga kA artha haiupdrv| svIkRta mArga para avicala rahane tathA nirjarA ke lie kaSTa sahanA parISaha hai| anukUla upasarga mAnasika vikRti paidA karate haiM aura pratikUla upasarga zarIra vikAra ke kAraNa banate haiN| anukUla upasarga sUkSma hote haiM aura pratikUla upasarga sthUla hote haiN| dhIra puruSa baMdhana se mukta hote haiM yathA "jehiM kAle parikkata Na pacchA pritppe| te dhIrA baMdhaNummukkA, NAvakakhaMti jIviyaM / / " 3/75 arthAt jinhoMne ThIka samaya para parAkrama kiyA hai ve bAda meM paritApa nahIM krte| ve dhIra puruSa (kAmAsakti) ke baMdha se mukta hokara (kAma-bhogamaya) jIvana kI AkAMkSA nahIM krte| __ adhyayana ke aMta meM 'glAna sevA' va upasarga sahana karane para bala diyA hai| caturtha adhyayana 'itthIpariNNA' (strI parijJA) meM strI saMbaMdhI parISahoM ko sahana karane kA upadeza diyA gayA hai| muni ko sabhI saMsarga kA varjana

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| sUtrakRtAMga kA varNya viSaya evaM vaiziSTya karate hue likhA--- "evaM khu tAsu viNNappaM, saMthavaM saMvAsaM ca cejjaa| tajjAtiyA ime kAmA, vajjakarA ya evmkkhyaa||" 4/50 isa prakAra striyoM ke viSaya meM jo kahA gayA hai(una doSoM ko jAnakara) unake sAtha paricaya aura saMvAsa kA parityAga kre| ye kAma.bhoga sevana karane se bar3hate haiN| tIrthakaroM ne unheM karma-bandhana kAraka batalAyA hai| paMcama adhyayana kA nAma 'naraka vibhakti' hai| naraka meM jIva ko kisa prakAra ke bhayaMkara kaSTa bhogane par3ate haiM usakA varNana isameM kiyA gayA hai| vaidika, jaina aura bauddha tInoM hI paramparAoM meM narakoM kA varNana hai| yoga sUtra ke vyAsa - bhASya meM sAta mahAnarakoM kA varNana hai| bauddha grantha 'kokAliya' nAmaka sutta meM narakoM kA varNana hai| yaha varNana isa adhyAya se bahuta kucha milatA julatA hai| SaSTha adhyayana kA nAma 'mahAvIratthuI' (mahAvIra stuti) hai| isameM zramaNa bhagavAna mahAvIra kI vivadhi upamAeM dekara stuti kI gayI hai| yaha mahAvIra kI prAcInatama stuti hai| mahAvIra ko isameM hAthiyoM meM airAvata, mRgoM meM siMha, nadiyoM meM gaMgA aura pakSiyoM meM garur3a kI upamA dete hue loka meM sarvottama batAyA hai| bhagavAna mahAvIra kI pradhAnatA ke saMdarbha meM likhA hai "dANANa seTTha abhayappayANaM, saccesu ya aNavajjaM vyNti| tavesu yA uttama baMbhaceraM, loguttame samaNe NAyaputte / / " 6/23 jaise dAnoM meM abhayadAna, satya vacana meM anavadya vacana, tapasyA meM brahmacarya pradhAna hotA hai, vaise hI zramaNa jJAta putra loka meM pradhAna haiN| isa prakAra bhagavAna mahAvIra ke aneka guNoM kA varNana isa adhyayana meM hai| saptama adhyayana 'kusIlaparibhAsita' (kuzIla paribhASita) hai| isameM zIla, azIla aura kuzIla kA varNana hai| kuzIla kA artha anupayukta va anucita vyavahAra vAlA hai| jo sAdhaka asaMyamI hai, jinakA AcAra vizuddha nahIM hai, unakA paricaya isa adhyayana meM kiyA gayA hai| yahAM tIna prakAra ke kuzIloM kI carcA kI gaI hai| ve isa prakAra haiM1. anAhAra saMpajjaNa AhAra meM madhuratA paidA karane vAle, namaka ke tyAga se mokSa mAnane vaale| 2. sIodaga sevaNa- zItala jala ke sevana se mokSa mAnane vaale| 3. hueNa- homa se mokSa mAnane vaale| yahA~ spaSTatayA batAyA hai ki tapasyA se pUjA pAne kI abhilASA na kreN| tapa mukti kA hetu hai| pUjA satkAra yA isI prakAra kI dUsarI AkAMkSAoM kI pUrti ke lie isakA upayoga na kreN| jo pUjA satkAra ke nimitta tapasyA karatA hai, vaha tattva kA jJAtA nahIM hai|

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| 108 - jinavANI- jainAgama-sAhitya vizeSAGka aSTama adhyayana "vIriyaM' (vIrya) hai| sUtrakAra ne akarmavIrya-paNDita vIrya aura karmavIrya balavIrya ye do prakAra batAye haiN| akarmavIrya meM saMyama kI pradhAnatA hai| paNDita vIrya ko mukti kA kAraNa batAyA gayA hai| indriya saMyama para bala dete hue kahA hai "atikkamaMti vAyAe, maNasA vi Na ptthe| savvao saMvuDe daMte, AyANaM susamAhare / / '' 8/21 mahAvratoM kA vANI se atikrama na kre| mana se bhI unake atikrama kI icchA na kre| vaha saba ora se saMvRta aura dAnta hokara indriyoM kA saMyama kre| navama adhyayana 'dhamma' (dharma) hai| isameM bhagavAna mahAvIra dvArA batAye gaye dharma kA nirUpaNa hai| niyuktikAra ne kula dharma, nagara dharma, rASTra dharma, gaNa dharma, saMgha dharma, pAkhaNDa dharma, zruta dharma, cAritra dharma, gRhastha dharma Adi aneka rUpoM meM 'dharma' zabda kA prayoga kiyA hai| dharma ke mukhya rUpa se do bheda haiMlaukika dharma aura lokottara dhrm| isa adhyayana meM lokottara dharma kA nirUpaNa dazama adhyayana 'samAhI' (samAdhi) hai| samAdhi kA artha haisamAdhAna, tuSTi avarodha / isameM bhAva, zruta, darzana aura AcAra ina cAra prakAra kI samAdhiyoM kA varNana kiyA gayA hai| ekAdaza adhyayana kA nAma 'magge' (mArga) hai| bhagavAna mahAvIra ne apanI sAdhanA-paddhati ko 'mArga' kahA hai| samAdhi ke lie sAdhaka ko jJAna, darzana, cAritra tathA tapomArga kA AcaraNa karanA cAhie--- yaha upadeza diyA gayA hai| bArahaveM adhyayana kA nAma 'samavasaraNa' hai| samavasaraNa kA artha hai-vaad-sNgm| jahA~ aneka dRSTiyoM / darzanoM kA milana hotA hai, use samavasaraNa kahate haiN| isa adhyayana meM kriyAvAda, akriyAvAda, ajJAnavAda aura vinayavAda ina cAroM vAdoM kI katipaya mAnyatAoM kI samAlocanA kara yathArtha kA nizcaya kiyA gayA hai| trayodaza adhyayana kA nAma 'yathAtathya' hai| isameM yaha pratipAdita kiyA gayA hai ki mada rahita sAdhanA karane vAlA sAdhaka hI saccA vijJa aura mokSagAmI hai| caudahaveM adhyayana kA nAma 'grantha' hai| grantha kA artha hai-- AtmA ko bAMdhane vaalaa| grantha do prakAra kA hai- dravya aura bhAva grnth| bhAva grantha ke do prakAra haiM-- 1. prazasta bhAva grantha jisake antargata jJAna . darzana aura cAritra hai| 2. aprazasta bhAva grantha meM prANAtipAta Adi haiN| pandrahaveM adhyayana kA nAma 'jamaIe' (yamakIya) hai| isakI sabhI gAthAe~ 'yamaka' alaMkAra se yukta haiN| isameM saMyama evaM mokSamArga kI sAdhanA kA supariNAma batAyA hai|

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| sUcakRttAMga kA varNya viSaya evaM vaiziSTya 109 solahaveM adhyayana kA nAma 'gAthA' hai| niyuktikAra ne gAthA kA artha kiyA hai jisakA madhuratA se gAna kiyA jA sake, vaha gAthA hai| jisameM artha kI bahulatA ho, vaha gAthA hai yA chanda dvArA jisakI yojanA kI gaI ho, vaha gAthA hai| isameM sAdhu ke mAhaNa, zramaNa, bhikSu aura nirgrantha ye cAra nAma dekara unakI vyAkhyA kI gaI hai| isa prakAra prathama zrutaskandha ke adhyayana meM viSayoM kA varNana kiyA gayA hai| dvitIya zrutaskandha isake prathama adhyayana kA nAma 'puNDarIka' hai| isameM batAyA gayA hai ki yaha saMsAra puSkariNI hai| isameM karmarUpa jala evaM kAma bhoga kA kIcar3a bharA hai| usake madhya meM eka puNDarIka (kamala) hai| usa kamala ko anAsakta, ni:spRha aura ahiMsAdi mahAvratoM kA pAlana karane vAle sAdhaka hI prApta kara sakate haiN| dvitIya adhyayana kA nAma "kriyA sthAna' hai| yahAM dharma kriyA kA varNana karake dharma kriyA kI preraNA dI gaI hai| tRtIya adhyayana kA nAma 'AhAraparijJA' hai| isameM AhAra kI vistRta carcA hai| zramaNoM ko saMyama pUrvaka AhAra grahaNa karane kI preraNA dI gaI caturtha adhyayana kA nAma 'pratyAkhyAna parijJA' hai| isameM jIvana ko maryAdita banAne ke lie pratyAkhyAna rUpa kriyA kI AvazyakatA para prakAza DAlA gayA hai| pAMcave adhyayana ke 'AcAra zruta' va 'aNagAra zruta' ye do nAma upalabdha hote haiN| isameM batAyA gayA hai ki AcAra ke samyak pAlana ke lie bahuzruta honA Avazyaka hai| sAtha hI zramaNa ko amuka amuka prakAra kI bhASA na bolane kA bhI nirdeza hai| chaThA adhyayana 'ArdrakIya' hai| isameM anArya deza meM utpanna rAjakumAra Ardraka ke jaina muni banane kA ullekha karane ke pazcAt unake dvArA gozAlaka, hastI tApasa Adi ke matoM kA nirasana kiyA gayA hai| sAtaveM adhyayana kA nAma 'nAlandIya' hai| isa adhyayana meM gaNadhara gautama kA pAzrvApatyika per3hAla putra ke sAtha madhura saMvAda hai| per3hAla putra cAturyAma dharma ko chor3akara paMcayAma dharma svIkAra kara lete haiN| isa prakAra hama pAte haiM ki sUtrakRtAMga meM mahattvapUrNa dArzanika carcAe~ huI haiN| sAtha hI AdhyAtmika siddhAntoM ko jIvana meM r3hAlane evaM anya matoM kA parityAga kara zuddha zramaNAcAra kA pAlana karane kI preraNA bhI dI gaI hai| bhagavAna mahAvIra ke samaya kisa-kisa koTi kI paramparAe~ usa samaya vidyamAna thI? unake dhArmika upAdAna kyA the? ityAdi bAtoM para

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| 110 jinavANI- jainAgama-sAhitya vizeSAGka prakAza DAlA gayA hai| kucha aisI sUcanAeM haiM jo zodhArthiyoM ko vizeSa dRSTi pradAna kara sakatI haiN| bhASAvaijJAnika dRSTi se bhI isa Agama kA mahattvapUrNa sthAna hai| ata: aitihAsika, dArzanika evaM dhArmika sabhI dRSTiyoM se yaha Agama vilakSaNa vizeSatA rakhatA hai| -prAdhyApaka, jaina vidyA evaM tulanAtmaka dharma-darzana vibhAga jaina vizva bhAratI saMsthAna lADanUM (rAja.)

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sUtrakRtAMga meM varNita dArzanika vicAra DaoN. zrIprakAza pANDeya dvitIya aMga Agama sUtrakRtAMga sUtra meM baMdhana se mukta hone kA mArga prastuta karate hue aparigraha, ahiMsA, pratyAkhyAna Adi AcAra-siddhAntoM ko apanAne para bala pradAna karane ke sAtha tatkAlIna vibhinna dArzanika mAnyatAoM kA ullekha kara unakA nirAkaraNa bhI kiyA gayA hai| DaoN. pANDeya ne apane lekha meM sUtrakRtAMga meM carcita dArzanika mAnyatAoM kA vyavasthita vivecana kiyA hai| unakA Alekha mukhyata: isa sUtra ke prathama zrutaskandha ke prathama adhyayana para AdhRta hai| isa adhyayana meM Ae dharma evaM AcAra saMbaMdhI viSayoM ko bhI unhoMne vivecanA kI hai| -sampAdaka samagra bhAratIya saMskRti evaM vicAradhArA kA mukhya lakSya AdhyAtmika vikAsa evaM loka kalyANa rahA hai| yahI kAraNa hai ki bhAratIya darzana, jisakA mUla svara adhyAtmavAda hai, kI ruci kisI kAlpanika ekAMta meM na hokara mAnava samudAya ke kalyANa meM rahI hai| bhAratIya darzana kI do pramukha dhArAoM- vaidika evaM avaidika meM se, avaidika dhArA ke pratinidhi jainadarzana meM AtmavAda, karmavAda, paralokavAda evaM mokSavAda kA vizada vivecana milatA hai| ina cAroM siddhAntoM meM bhAratIya darzanoM kI mUla pravRttiyAM samAviSTa haiN| bhAratIya paramparA ke anurUpa jaina darzana bhI laukika jIvana ko duHkhamaya mAnate hue duHkhoM se AtyaMtika nivRtti ko hI apanA lakSya mAnatA hai| Agama hI jaina paramparA ke veda evaM piTaka haiN| ye aMga, upAMga, mUlasUtra, chedasUtra, cUlikA evaM prakIrNakoM meM vargIkRta haiN| samasta jaina siddhAnta bIjarUpa meM inameM nihita haiN| kAla kI dRSTi se aMga prAcInatama haiN| vartamAna upalabdha 11 aMgoM meM sUtrakRtAMga dvitIya hai| yaha grantha svasamaya (svasiddhAnta) aura para samaya (para siddhAnta) kA jJAna (satyAsatya darzana) karAne vAlA zAstra hai| zrutapAragAmI AcArya bhadrabAhu ne ise zrutvAkRta= sUtakaDaM arthAt tIrthakara vANI sunakara gaNadharoM dvArA zAstrarUpa pradatta batAyA hai| isameM tatkAlIna anya dArzanika matoM kI yuktirahita ayathArtha mAnyatAoM kA ullekha tathA nirasana to kiyA gayA hai, parantu kisI mata ke pravartaka kA nAmollekha nahIM hai| mithyA va ayathArtha dhAraNAoM ko baMdhana mAnakara sAdhaka ko satya kA yathArtha paribodha karAnA zAstrakAra kA mukhya dhyeya hai| sUtrakRtAMga kI pramukha vizeSatA darzana ke sAtha jIvana vyavahAra kA ucca Adarza sthApita karanA hai| sUtrakRtAMga ke prathama zrutaskaMdha meM mukhyata: anya matavAdoM kA khaNDana kiyA gayA hai jo dUsare zrutaskaMdha ke prathama adhyayana meM bhI varNita haiN| dvitIya zrutaskaMdha jo adhikAMzata: gadya meM hai lagabhaga unhIM viSayoM kI vyAkhyA karatA hai jo prathama zrutaskaMdha meM haiN| dUsare zabdoM meM ise prathama zrutaskaMdha kA pUraka kahA jA sakatA hai| dUsare zrutaskaMdha meM mukhyata: navadIkSita zramaNoM ke AcAra kA varNana hai|

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jinavANI- jainAgama-sAhitya vizeSAGka prastuta nibaMdha meM hama sUtrakRtAMga ke prathama zrutaskaMdha ke prathama adhyayana ke AraMbhika cAra uddezakoM meM nihita dArzanika evaM AcAragata mAnyatAoM aura siddhAntoM kA anuzIlana kreNge| ve isa prakAra haiM- baMdhana kA svarUpa, paMcamahAbhUtaMvAda, ekAtmavAda, tajjIvataccharIravAda, akArakavAda, AtmaSaSThavAda, kSaNikavAda, sAMkhyAdimata kI nissAratA, niyativAda, ajJAnavAda, kriyAvAda, jagatkartRtvavAda, avatAravAda, svasvapravAda - prazaMsA, munidharmopadeza, lokavAda, ahiMsA mahAvrata evaM cAritra zuddhi - upAya / 112 sUtrakRtAMga kI Adi gAthA ke cAra padoM meM grantha ke sampUrNa tattvaciMtana kA sAra samAviSTa hai baMdhaNaM parijANiyA- baMdhana ko jAnakara bujjhejja tiuTTejjA - samajho aura tor3o kimAha baMdhaNaM vIre - bhagavAna ne baMdhana kise batAyA hai? kiM vA jANaM tiuTTai - aura use kaise tor3A jA sakatA hai ? vastuta: ina padoM meM darzana aura dharma, vicAra aura AcAra bIjarUpa meM sannihita haiN| zAstrakAra ne Adipada meM bodha - prApti kA, jisakA tAtparya Atmabodha se hai, upadeza kiyA hai| bodha - prApti atyanta durlabha hai, yaha tathya sUtrakRtAMga, AcArAMga, uttarAdhyayana' Adi AgamoM meM bhI parilakSita hotA hai| bodha-prApti ekendriya se lekara asaMjJI paMcendriya taka ke jIvoM ko durlabha hai| AryakSetra, uttamakulotpanna, paripUrNa aMgopAMga evaM svastha sazakta zarIra se yukta dIrghAyuSya ko prApta manuSya hI kevala bodhiprApti kA adhikArI hai| Atmabodha kA artha hai- 'maiM kauna hUM' ? manuSya loka meM kaise AyA? AtmA tattvata: baMdhana rahita hote hue bhI isa prakAra ke baMdhana meM kyoM par3I? baMdhanoM ko kauna aura kaise tor3a sakatA hai ? baMdhana kA svarUpa- saMsArI AtmA karmoM se jakar3I hone ke kAraNa paratantra hai, isI paratantratA kA nAma baMdha hai| umAsvAti ne tattvArthasUtra' meM 'kaSAyayukta jIva dvArA karmayogya pudgaloM kA grahaNa karanA baMdha hai aisA kahA hai| tattvArthavRttikAra akalaMkadeva ke anusAra AtmapradezoM ke sAtha jo karma kSIra nIravat eka hokara sthita ho jAte haiM, rahate haiM yA baMdha jAte haiM, ve baMdhana yA baMdha kahalAte haiN| akalaMka deva ke anusAra sAmAnya kI apekSA se baMdha ke bheda nahIM kiye jA sakate arthAt isa dRSTi se baMdha eka hI prakAra kA hai| kintu vizeSa kI apekSA se baMdha do prakAra hai- 1. dravyabaMdha aura 2. bhAvabaMdha / dravyabaMdha- jJAnAvaraNIyAdi karma- pudgala pradezoM kA jIva ke sAtha saMyoga dravyabaMdha hai / bh bhAvabaMdha- AtmA ke azuddha cetana pariNAma (bhAva) moha rAga- - dveSa aura

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| sUtrakRtAMga meM varNita dArzanika vicAra kA krodhAdi jinase jJAnAvaraNIya karma ke yogya pudgala paramANu AtmA kI ora AkRSTa hote haiM, bhAvabaMdha kahalAtA hai| AcArya nemicandra karmabaMdha ke kAraNabhUta cetana-pariNAma ko bhAvabaMdha mAnate haiN|" karmabaMdha ke kAraNa- jaina darzana meM baMdha ke kAraNoM kI saMkhyA ke viSaya meM mataikya nahIM hai, eka ora AcArya kundakunda ne samayasAra meM vaidika darzanoM kI taraha ajJAna ko hI baMdha kA pramukha kAraNa batalAyA hai to dUsarI ora sthAnAMga, samavAyAMga evaM tattvArthasUtra meM karmabandha ke pA~ca kAraNa mAne gaye haiM, jo adhika pracalita haiM1. mithyAdarzana 2. avirati 3. pramAda 4. kaSAya 5. yog| 1. mithyAdarzana- jo vastu jaisI hai, use usa rUpa meM na mAnakara viparIta rUpa meM mAnanA yA grahaNa karanA mithyAtva hai| dUsare zabdoM meM samyagdarzana kA ulTA mithyAdarzana hai| bhagavatIArAdhanA evaM sarvArthasiddhi meM bhI jIvAdi padArthoM kA zraddhAna na karanA mithyAdarzana batAyA gayA hai| 2. avirati- virati kA abhAva hI avirati hai| sarvArthasiddhikAra ne virati kA svarUpa batalAte hue kahA hai ki hiMsA, asatya, corI, abrahmacarya aura parigraha ye pA~ca tyAjya haiM, ata: hiMsA Adi pA~ca pApoM ko nahIM chor3anA yA ahiMsAdi pA~ca vratoM kA pAlana na karanA avirati hai| sUtrakRtAMga kI cauthI va pA~cavI gAthA meM jIva ko parigraha ke do rUpa-sacetana evaM acetana se saceta kiyA gayA hai| manuSya, paza-pakSI Adi prANiyoM meM Asakti rakhanA sacetana parigraha va sonA-cAMdI, rUpayA-paisA meM Asakti rakhanA acetana parigraha hai| parigraha cUMki karmabaMdha kA mUla hai, isalie vaha du:kha rUpa hai| 3. pramAda- pramAda kA artha hai krodhAdi kaSAyoM ke kAraNa ahiMsA Adi ke AcaraNa meM jIva kI ruci nahIM honaa| vIrasena ne krodha, mAna, mAyA aura lobharUpa kaSAyoM aura hAsya Adi nau upa kaSAyoM ke tIvra udaya hone ko pramAda kahA hai| 4. kaSAya- AtmA ke kaluSa pariNAma jo karmoM ke baMdhana ke kAraNa hote haiM, kaSAya kahalAte haiN| 5. yoga- mana, vacana aura kAya se hone vAlA AtmapradezoM kA parispaMdana yoga hai| inhIM ke kAraNa karmoM kA AtmA ke sAtha saMyoga hotA hai| baMdha-uccheda- 'jJAnakriyAbhyAM mokSa:' arthAt jaina darzana mukti hetu jJAna evaM kriyA donoM ko Avazyaka mAnatA hai| karmabandha-uccheda hetu do vidhiyoM kA pratipAdana kiyA gayA hai- 1. navIna karmabaMdha ko rokanA saMvara evaM 2 AtmA se pUrvabaddha karmoM ko, unake vipAka ke pUrva hI tapAdi dvArA alaga karanA nirjarA hai| saMvara va nirjarA se karmabaMdha kA uccheTa ho jAnA hI mokSa hai|

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[114 - jinavANI- jainAgama-sAhitya vizeSAGka paMcamahAbhUtavAda yA bhUtacaitanyavAda gAthA saMkhyA sAta va ATha meM varNita isa mata kA nAmollekha nahIM hai| niyuktikAra ise cArvAka mata kahate haiN| avadheya hai ki 4 tattva- 1. pRthvI 2. jala 3. teja aura 4. vAyu ko mAnanA prAcIna lokAyatoM kA mata hai, jabaki arvAcIna cArvAka matAnuyAyI pRthvI, jala, teja, vAyu aura AkAza ina pA~ca tattvoM ko mAnate haiN| ye pA~ca mahAbhUta sarvalokavyApI evaM sarvajana pratyakSa hone se mahAn haiN| inakA astitva vyapadeza khaNDana se pare hai| isa prakAra sUtrakRtAMga meM apekSAkRta arvAcIna cArvAkoM kA matollekha hai| yadyapi sAMkhya va vaizeSika dArzanika bhI paMcamahAbhUtoM ko mAnate haiM, parantu ye cArvAkoM ke samAna ina paMcamahAbhUtoM ko hI saba kucha nahIM maante| sAMkhya-mata puruSa, prakRti, mahattatva, ahaMkAra, paMcajJAnendriya, paMcakarmendriya evaM paMcatanmAtrAoM kI sattA ko svIkAratA hai| vaizeSika dizA, kAla, AtmA, mana Adi anya padArthoM kI bhI sattA mAnatA hai| cArvAka dArzanika pRthvI Adi paMcamahAbhUtoM ke zarIra-rUpa meM pariNata hone ke kAraNa caitanya kI utpatti bhI inhIM paMcamahAbhUtoM se mAnate haiN| unakI mAnyatA hai ki jisa prakAra gur3a, mahuA Adi ke saMyoga se madazakti utpanna ho jAtI hai usI prakAra ina bhUtoM ke saMyoga se caitanya utpanna ho jAtA hai| cUMki ye bhautikavAdI pratyakSa ke atirikta anya koI pramANa nahIM mAnate, isaliye dUsare matavAdiyoM dvArA mAnya ina paMcamahAbhUtoM se bhinna paralokagAmI aura sukha-duHkha ke bhoktA kisI AtmA saMjJaka padArtha ko nahIM maante| isa anAtmavAda se hI zarIrAtmavAda, indriyAtmavAda, manasAtmavAda, prANAtmavAda evaM viSayacaitanyavAda phalita haiM, jise katipaya cArvAka dArzanika mAnate haiN| niyuktikAra ne isa vAda kA khaNDana kiyA hai| apane mata ke samarthana meM niyuktikAra kA tarka hai ki pRthvI Adi paMcabhUtoM ke saMyoga se caitanyAdi utpanna nahIM ho sakate, kyoMki zarIra ke ghaTaka rUpa ina paMcamahAbhUtoM meM se kisI meM bhI caitanya nahIM hai| anya guNa vAle padArthoM ke saMyoga se anya guNa vAle padArtha kI utpatti nahIM ho sktii| bAlU meM snigdhatA na hone se usameM se tela nahIM nikala sktaa| usI prakAra sparzana, rasana, ghrANa, cakSu aura zrotra rUpa pA~ca indriyoM ke jo upAdAnakAraNa haiM, unakA guNa bhI caitanya na hone se bhUtasamudAya kA guNa caitanya nahIM ho sktaa| isake atirikta eka indriya ke dvArA jAnI huI bAta dUsarI indriya nahIM jAna pAtI to phira maiMne sunA, dekhA, cakhA, sUMghA isa prakAra kA saMkalana rUpa jJAna kisako hogA? paraMtu yaha saMkalana jJAna anubhava siddha hai| isase pramANita hotA hai ki bhautika indriyoM ke atirikta anya koI jJAtA hai jo pA~coM indriyoM dvArA jAnatA hai aura vahI tattva AtmA hai| yaha AtmA dravya dRSTi se nitya aura paryAya dRSTi se anitya

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| sUtrakRtAMga meM varNita dArzanika vicAra 115/ hai sUtrakRtAMga ke dUsare zrutaskandha ke prathama "puNDarIka' nAmaka adhyayana ke dasaveM sUtra meM bhI zAstrakAra ne dvitIya puruSa ke rUpa meM paMcamahAbhUtikoM kI carcA kI hai evaM sAMkhya darzana ko bhI parigaNita kiyA hai| yadyapi sAMkhyavAdI pUrvokta pA~camahAbhUta tathA chaThe AtmA ko bhI mAnatA hai tathApi vaha paMcamahAbhUtikoM se bhinna nahIM hai, kyoMki sAMkhya darzana AtmA ko niSkriya mAnakara paMcamahAbhUtoM ko utpanna karane vAlI prakRti ko hI samasta kAryoM kA kartA mAnatA hai| AtmA ko sAMkhya akartA mAnatA hai| sAMkhyadarzana puruSa yA AtmA ko prakRti dvArA kiye hue karmoM kA phala- bhoktA aura buddhi dvArA grahaNa kiye hue padArthoM ko prakAzita karane vAlA mAnatA hai| isalie "se kiNaM kiNAvimANe, haNaM ghAyamANe..........Natthittha doso' arthAt sAMkhya ke AtmA ko bhArI se bhArI pApa karane para bhI usakA doSa nahIM lagatA, kyoMki vaha niSkriya hai| zAstrakAra kahatA hai ki yaha mata ni:sAra evaM yuktirahita hai, kyoMki acetana prakRti vizva ko kaise utpanna kara sakatI hai| jo svayaM jJAna rahita evaM jar3a hai tathA sAMkhya kI dRSTi meM jo vastu hai hI nahIM vaha kabhI nahIM hotI aura jo hai usakA abhAva nahIM hotA to jisa samaya prakRti aura puruSa do hI the usa samaya yaha sRSTi to thI hI nahIM phira yaha kaise utpanna ho gyii| isakA koI uttara sAMkhya ke pAsa nahIM hai| isa prakAra lokAyatoM kA paMcamahAbhUtavAda evaM sAMkhyoM kA AMzika paMcamahAbhUtavAda donoM hI mithyA haiN| tajjIvataccharIravAda- tajjIvataccharIravAda cArvAkoM ke anAtmavAda kA phalita rUpa hai| ve mAnate haiM ki vahI jIva hai, vahI zarIra hai| paMcamahAbhUtavAdImata meM paMcamahAbhUta hI zarIra ke rUpa meM pariNata hokara daur3ane , bolane Adi sabhI kriyAe~ karate haiM jabaki tajjIvataccharIravAdI paMcabhUtoM se pariNata zarIra se hI caitanyazakti kI utpatti mAnatA hai| zarIra se AtmA ko vaha abhinna mAnatA hai| isa mata meM zarIra ke rahane taka hI astitva hai| zarIra ke vinaSTa hote hI paMcamahAbhUtoM ke bikhara jAne se AtmA kA bhI nAza ho jAtA hai| zarIra ke vinaSTa hone para usase bAhara nikalakara kahIM anyatra jAtA huA caitanya pratyakSa nahIM dikhAI detA, isalie kahA gayA hai ki- Na te saMti arthAt marane ke bAda AtmAe~ paraloka meM nahIM jaatii| niyuktikAra donoM matoM kA khaNDana karate hue kahate haiM ki paMcamahAbhUtoM se caitanya kI utpatti nahIM ho sakatI, kyoMki inameM se kisI kA bhI guNa caitanya nahIM hai| anya guNa vAle padArthoM ke saMyoga se anya guNa vAle padArtha kI utpatti nahIM ho sktii| zAstravArtAsamuccaya meM haribhadra evaM nancArNavArnira meM sTeTa ne saTA hai ki rATi saravAdi caitanya zarIra ke

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116 jinavANI- jainAgama-sAhitya vizeSAGka dharma haiM to mRta zarIra meM bhI rUpAdi guNoM kI bhAMti cetanA vidyamAna honI cAhie, para aisA nahIM hai| zarIrAtmavAdiyoM ke 'kiNvAdibhyo madazaktivat' ke dRSTAnta kI viSamatA siddha karate hue kahA gayA hai ki madirA ke ghaTaka meM hI madirA rahatI hai, parantu kisI bhI bhUta meM caitanya nahIM rahatA / ataH yaha mata asaMgata hai| niyuktikAra kA kathana hai ki yadi deha ke vinAza ke sAtha AtmA kA vinAza mAnA jAya to mokSaprApti ke liye kiye jAne vAle jJAna, darzana, cAritra, saMyama, vrata, niyama, sAdhanA Adi niSphala ho jaayeNge| ataH paMcamahAbhUtavAda kA siddhAnta mithyAtvagrasta evaM ajJAnamUlaka hai| 27 28 zAstrakAra ekAtmavAda - vedAntI brahma ke atirikta samasta padArthoM ko asatya mAnate haiM, dUsare zabdoM meM cetana-acetana saba brahma (AtmA) rUpa hai / kahate haiM ki nAnA rUpa meM bhAsita padArthoM ko bhI ekAtmavAdI dRSTAnta dvArA AtmarUpa siddha karate haiN| jaise pRthvI samudAya rUpa piNDa eka hote huya bhI nadI, samudra, parvata, nagara, ghaTa Adi ke rUpa meM nAnA prakAra kA dikhAI detA hai, kintu ina saba bhedoM ke bAvajUda inameM vyApta pRthvI tattva kA bheda nahIM hotA / usI prakAra eka jJAna piNDa AtmA hI cetana-acetana rUpa samagraloka meM pRthvI, jala Adi bhUtoM ke AkAra meM nAnAvidha dikhAI detA hai, parantu AtmA ke svarUpa meM koI bheda nahIM hotaa| vaha prANAtipAta hiMsA meM Asakta svayaM pApa karake duHkha ko AmaMtrita karatA hai, kyoMki ekAtmavAda kI kalpanA yukti rahita hai| anubhava se yaha siddha hai ki sAvadya anuSThAna karane meM jo Asakta rahate haiM, ve hI pApakarma ke phalasvarUpa narakAdi ko bhogate haiM, dUsare nahIM / sUtrakRtAMga ekAtmavAda ko yuktihIna batAte hue usakA khaNDana karatA hai 1. usake anusAra ekAtmavAda meM eka ke dvArA kiye gaye zubha yA azubha karma kA phala dUsare sabhI ko bhoganA par3egA jo ki anucita evaM ayuktiyukta hai| 2. ekAtmavAda meM eka ke karmabandhana hone para sabhI karma baMdhana se baddha aura eka ke mukta hone para sabhI mukta ho jAyeMge aura isa prakAra baMdhana evaM mokSa kI avyavasthA ho jAyegI / 3. ekAtmavAda meM devadatta ko prApta jJAna yajJadatta ko honA cAhie evaM usI prakAra eka ke janma lene yA marane para sabhI kA janma lenA yA maranA siddha hogA jo kathamapi saMbhava nahIM hai| 4. isake atirikta jar3a aura cetana sabhI meM eka hI AtmA mAnane para jar3a va caitanya meM bheda hI nahIM raha jAyegA tathA jise zAstra kA upadeza diyA jAtA hai evaM jo zAstra kA upadeSTA hai donoM meM bheda na ho sakane ke kAraNa zAstra

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sUtrakRtAMga meM varNita dArzanika vicAra kI racanA kaise hogii| ataH ekAtmavAda ayuktiyukta hai, kyoMki "ege kiccA sayaM pAvaM tivvaM dukkhaM Niyacchai' arthAt jo pApa karma karatA hai use akele hI usake phala meM tIvra du:kha ko bhoganA par3atA hai| 30 akArakavAda yA akartRtvavAda' sAMkhya-yogamatavAdI AtmA ko akartA mAnate haiN| unake mata meM AtmA yA puruSa apariNAmI evaM nitya hone se kartA nahIM ho sktaa| zubha - azubha karma prakRti-kRta hone se vahI kartA hai| AtmA amUrta, kUTastha, nitya evaM svayaM kriyAzUnya hone se karttA nahIM ho sktaa| zAstrakAra kI isake viruddha Apatti isa prakAra hai 31 AtmA ko ekAnta,. kUTastha, nitya, amUrta, sarvavyApI evaM niSkriya mAnane para pratyakSa dRzyamAna, janmaraNarUpa yA narakAdi gamanarUpa yaha loka siddha nahIM ho sakatA, kyoMki kUTastha nitya AtmA eka zarIra va yoni ko chor3akara dUsare zarIra va yoni meM saMkramaNa nahIM kara skegaa| sAtha hI eka zarIra meM bAlaka, vRddha, yuvaka Adi paryAyoM ko dhAraNa karanA bhI asaMbhava hogaa| vaha AtmA sarvadA kUTastha nitya hone para vikAra rahita hogA aura bAlaka tathA mUrkha sadaiva bAlaka va mUrkha hI banA rahegA, usameM kisI naye svabhAva kI utpatti nahIM hogI / aisI sthiti meM janma-maraNAdi duHkhoM kA vinAza, usake lie puruSArtha, evaM karmakSayArtha, japa-tapa, saMyama-niyama Adi kI sAdhanA saMbhava nahIM hogii| sAMkhya ke prakRti kartRtva evaM puruSa ke bhoktA hote hue bhI kartA na mAnane ko lekara aneka jainAcAryoM ne isa siddhAnta ko ayuktiyukta batAyA hai / 32 33 1 AtmaSaSThavAda AtmaSaSThavAda vedavAdI sAMkhya va vaizeSikoM kA mata hai pro. harmana jaikobI ise caraka kA mata mAnate haiN| inake anusAra acetana paMcamahAbhUta evaM sacetana AtmA ye cha: padArtha haiN| AtmA aura loka donoM nitya haiN| ina cha: padArthoM kA sahetuka yA ahetuka kisI prakAra se vinAza nahIM hotaa| inake mata meM asat kI kabhI utpatti nahIM hotI aura sat kA kabhI vinAza nahIM hotA evaM sabhI padArtha sarvathA nitya haiM / bauddha grantha 'udAna' meM AtmA aura loka ko zAzvata mAnane vAle kucha zramaNa-brAhmaNoM kA ullekha hai / bauddhadarzana meM padArtha kI utpatti ke pazcAt tatkAla hI niSkAraNa vinAza honA mAnA jAtA hai / ataH utpatti ke atirikta vinAza kA koI anya kAraNa nahIM hai| AtmaSaSThavAdI isa akAraNa vinAza ko nahIM mAnate aura na hI vaizeSika darzana ke anusAra bAhya kAraNoM se mAne jAne vAle sahetuka vinAza ko hI mAnate haiN| tAtparyataH AtmA yA paMcabhautika loka akAraNa yA sakAraNa donoM prakAra se vinaSTa nahIM hote| ye cetanAcetanAtmaka donoM koTi ke padArtha ,29 -

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| 118 jinavANI- jainAgama-sAhitya vizeSAGka apane-apane svabhAva se acyuta rahakara sarvadA nitya rahate haiN| bhagavadgItA meM AtmA kI trikAlAbAdhita nityatA ko batAte huye kahA gayA hai ki 'jo asat hai vaha ho hI nahIM sakatA aura jo hai (sat) usakA abhAva nahIM ho sktaa|' isI prakAra sAMkhya satkAryavAda ke AdhAra para AtmA aura loka kI nityatA siddha karatA hai| jainadarzana kI mAnyatA hai ki sabhI padArthoM ko sarvathA yA ekAnta nitya mAnanA yathArtha nahIM hai| isaliye AtmA ko ekAnta nitya sat yA asat mAnanA asaMgata hai, kyoMki aisA mAnane se AtmA meM kartRtva pariNAma utpanna nahIM ho sktaa| kartRtva ke abhAva meM karmabandhana na hone se sukha-duHkha rUpa karmaphala bhoga bhI nahIM ho sktaa| ata: AtmA, paMcabhUta Adi sabhI padArthoM ko kathaMcit nitya aura kathaMcit anitya tathA kisI apekSA se sat evaM kisI apekSA se asat arthAt sadasatkArya rUpa na mAnakara, ekAnta mithyA grahaNa karanA hI AtmaSaSThavAdiyoM kA mithyAtva hai| pratyeka padArtha dravya rUpa se sat aura paryAya rUpa se asat yA anitya hai, aisA satyagrAhI vyakti (jaina) mAnate hai| yahAM zAstrakAra ne anekAntavAda kI kasauTI para AtmaSaSThavAdI siddhAnta ko kasane kA saphala prayAsa kiyA hai| kSaNikavAda - bauddhadarzana kA 'anAtmavAda' kSaNikavAda evaM pratItyasamutpAda para nirbhara hai| yaha anAtmavAda sarvathA tucchAbhAvarUpa nahIM hai, kyoMki AtmavAdiyoM kI taraha puNya-pApa, karma-karmaphala, loka-paraloka, punarjanma evaM mokSa kI yahAM mAnyatA aura mahattA hai| dIghanikAya ke brahmajAlasutta aura majjhimanikAya ke savvAsavvasutta ke anusAra mahAtmA buddha ke samaya meM AtmavAda kI do vicAradhArAeM pracalita thIM- prathama zAzvata AtmavAdI vicAradhArA- jo AtmA ko nitya mAnatI thI evaM dUsarI ucchedavAdI vicAradhArA jo AtmA kA uccheda arthAt use anitya mAnatI thii| buddha ne ina donoM kA khaNDana kara anAtmavAda kA upadeza kiyA, parantu isakA abhiprAya yaha nahIM hai ki unheM AtmA meM vizvAsa nahIM thaa| ve AtmA ko nitya aura vyApaka na mAnakara kSaNika cittasaMtati rUpa meM svIkAra karate the| visuddhimagga, suttapiTakagata aMguttaranikAya Adi bauddha granthoM ke anusAra kSaNikavAda ke do rUpa haiM- eka mata rUpa, vedanA, saMjJA, saMskAra aura vijJAna ina paMcaskandhoM se bhinna yA abhinna sukha, duHkha, icchA, dveSa va jJAnAdi ke AdhArabhUta AtmA nAma kA koI padArtha nahIM mAnatA hai| ina paMcaskandhoM se bhinna AtmA kA na to pratyakSa anubhava hotA hai, na hI AtmA ke sAtha avinAbhAva saMbaMdha rakhane vAlA koI liMga hI gRhIta hotA hai, jisase AtmA anumAna dvArA jAnI jA ske| ye paMcaskaMdha kSaNabhogI haiM, na to ye kUTastha nitya

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sUtrakRtAMga meM varNita dArzanika vicAra 119 haiM aura na hI kAlAntara sthAyI, balki kSaNamAtra sthAyI haiN| ye sat haiM isIlie kSaNika haiN| sat kA lakSaNa arthakriyA- kAritva hai evaM jo sat hai vaha kSaNika hI hai| kSaNikavAda kA dUsarA rUpa ina cAra dhAtuoM - pRthvI, jala, teja aura vAyu ko svIkAra karatA hai| ye cAroM jagat kA dhAraNa-poSaNa karate haiM, isaliye dhAtu kahalAte haiN| ve cAroM ekAkAra hokara bhUtasaMjJaka rUpa skaMdha bana jAte haiM evaM zarIra rUpa meM jaba pariNata ho jAte haiM taba inakI jIva saMjJA hotI hai / jaisA ki ve kahate haiM- 'yaha zarIra cAra dhAtuoM se banA hai, inase bhinna AtmA nahIM haiN| yaha bhUtasaMjJaka rUpaskaMdhamaya hone ke kAraNa paMcaskandhoM kI taraha kSaNika hai|' yaha cAturdhAtukavAda bhI kSaNikavAda kA hI eka rUpa hai jo suttapiTaka ke majjhimanikAya meM varNita hai| I vRttikAra zIlAMka ke anusAra ye sabhI bauddha matavAdI aphalavAdI haiM bauddhoM ke kSaNikavAda ke anusAra padArtha, AtmA aura sabhI kriyAe~ kSaNika haiN| isalie kriyA karane ke kSaNa meM hI karttA AtmA kA samUla vinAza ho jAtA hai, ataH AtmA kA kriyAphala ke sAtha koI saMbaMdha nahIM rahatA / jaba phala ke samaya taka AtmA bhI nahIM rahatI aura kriyA bhI usI kSaNa naSTa ho gayI to aihika pAralaukika kriyAphala kA bhoktA kauna hogA? paMcaskandhoM yA paMcabhUtoM se bhinna AtmA na hone para AtmA rUpa phalopabhoktA nahIM hogaa| aisI sthiti meM sukha-duHkhAdi phaloM kA upabhoga kauna karegA? sAtha hI AtmA ke abhAva meM baMdha - mokSa, janma-maraNa, loka-paralokagamana kI vyavasthA gar3abar3a ho jAyegI aura zAstravihita samasta pravRttiyA~ nirarthaka ho jAyeMgI / zAstrakAra jainadarzanasammata AtmA kI yuktiyuktatA ke viSaya meM kahate haiM ki yaha pariNAmI nitya, jJAna kA AdhAra, dUsare jIvoM meM Ane-jAne vAlA, paMcabhUtoM se kathaMcit bhinna tathA zarIra ke sAtha rahane se kathaMcit abhinna hai / vaha svakarmabandhoM ke kAraNa vibhinna narakAdi gatiyoM meM saMkramaNa karatA rahatA hai isaliye anitya evaM sahetuka bhI hai| AtmA ke nija svarUpa kA kathamapi nAza na hone kAraNa vaha nitya aura ahetuka bhI hai| aisA mAnane meM karttA ko kriyA kA sukha va duHkhAdirUpa phala bhI prApta hogA evaM bandha-mokSAdi vyavasthA kI upapatti bhI ho jAyegI / sAMkhyAdimatanissAratA evaM phalazruti sAMkhyAdi dArzanikoM dvArA pratipAdita mukti-upAya kI AlocanA karate huye zAstrakAra kA mata hai ki paMcabhUtAtmavAdI se lekara cAturdhAtukavAdI paryanta sabhI darzana sabako sarvaduHkhoM se mukti kA AzvAsana dete haiM / prazna yaha hai ki kyA unake dArzanika mantavyoM ko svIkAra kara lenA hI duHkhamukti kA yathArtha mArga hai ? kadAcit nhiiN| balki mahAvIra dvArA prarUpita samyagdarzana, jJAna, cAritra evaM

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120 42 jinavANI- jainAgama-sAhitya vizeSAGka tapa dvArA karma kSaya kara karmabandha ke kAraNoM- mithyAttva, avirati, kaSAya, pramAda evaM yoga se dUra rahanA hI sarvaduHkha - mukti kA mArga hai / uparyukta matavAdI svayaM duHkhoM se AvRtta haiM kyoMki ve saMdhi ko jAne binA kriyA meM pravRtta ho jAte haiM, pariNAmasvarUpa dharma tattva se anabhijJa rahate haiN| jaba taka jIvana meM karmabandha kA kAraNa rahegA taba taka manuSya cAhe parvata para calA jAye yA kahIM rahe- vaha janma - mRtyu, jarA-vyAdhi, garbhavAsarUpa saMsAracakra paribhramaNa ke mahAduHkhoM kA sarvathA uccheda nahIM kara sktaa| aise jIva U~ca-nIca gatiyoM meM bhaTakate rahate haiM, kyoMki eka to ve svayaM ukta mithyAvAdoM ke kadAgraharUpa mithyAtva se grasta haiM, dUsare hajAroM janasamudAya ke samakSa mukti kA pralobhana dekara unheM mithyAtva viSa kA pAna karAte haiN| niyativAda - niyativAda AjIvikoM kA siddhAnta hai| maMkhaliputtagozAlaka niyativAda evaM AjIvaka sampradAya kA pravartaka thaa| sUtrakRtAMga ke prathamazrutaskandha meM gozAlaka yA AjIvaka kA nAmollekha nahIM hai, parantu upAsakadazAMga ke sAtaveM adhyayana ke saddAlaputra evaM kuNDakoliya prakaraNa meM gozAlaka aura usake mata kA spaSTa ullekha hai| isa matAnusAra utthAna, karmabala, vIrya, puruSArtha Adi kucha bhI nahIM haiN| saba bhAva sadA se niyata haiM / bauddhagraMtha dIghanikAya, saMyuktanikAya Adi meM tathA jainAgama sthAnAMga, samavAyAMga, vyAkhyAprajJati, aupapAtika Adi meM bhI AjIvaka matapravarttaka niyativAdI gozAlaka kA varNana upalabdha hai| 4 45 niyativAdI jagat meM sabhI jIvoM kA pRthaka va svatantra astitva mAnate haiN| parantu AtmA ko pRthak-pRthak mAnane para bhI niyativAda ke rahate jIva svakRta karmabaMdha se prApta sukha-duHkhAdi kA bhoga nahIM kara sakegA aura na hI sukha - duHkha bhogane ke liye anya zarIra, gati tathA yoni meM saMkramaNa kara skegaa| zAstravArtAsamuccaya meM niyativAda ke saMbaMdha meM kahA gayA hai ki cUMki saMsAra ke sabhI padArtha sva-sva niyata svarUpa se utpanna hote haiM ataH ye sabhI padArtha niyati se niyamita hote haiM / yaha samasta carAcara jagat niyati se baMdhA huA hai| jise, jisase, jisa rUpa meM honA hotA hai, vaha usase, usI samaya, usI rUpa meM utpanna hotA hai / isa prakAra abAdhita pramANa se siddha isa niyati kI gati ko kauna roka sakatA hai? kauna isakA khaMDana kara sakatA hai? niyativAda kAla, svabhAva, karma aura puruSArtha Adi ke virodha kA bhI yuktipUrvaka nirAkaraNa karatA hai| niyativAdI eka hI kAla meM do puruSoM dvArA sampanna eka hI kArya meM saphalatA-asaphalatA, sukha-duHkha kA mUla niyati ko hI mAnate haiM / isa prakAra unake mata meM niyati hI samasta jAgatika padArthoM kA kAraNa hai| 46

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sUtrakRtAMga meM varNita dArzanika vicAra 121 sUtrakRtAMgakAra ukta mata kA khaNDana karate huye kahate haiM ki niyativAdI yaha nahIM jAnate haiM ki sukha-duHkhAdi sabhI niyatikRta nahIM hote| kucha sukha-duHkha niyatikRta hote haiM, kyoMki una-una sukha-du:khoM ke kAraNarUpa karma kA abAdhA kAla samApta hone para avazya udaya hotA hI hai, jaise- nikAcita karma kA, parantu aneka sukha-duHkha puruSa ke udyoga, kAla, svabhAva aura karma dvArA kiye huye hote haiM aura niyata nahIM hote| ata: kevala niyati hI samasta vastuoM kA kAraNa hai, aisA mAnanA kathamapi yuktisaMgata nahIM hai| kAla, svabhAva, adRSTa, niyati aura puruSArtha ye pA~coM kAraNa pratyeka kArya yA sukhAdi meM paraspara sApekSa siddha hote haiM, ata: ekAnta rUpa meM kevala niyati ko mAnanA sarvathA doSayukta hai| ajJAnavAda svarUpa"- zAstrakAra ekAntavAdI, saMzayavAdI tathA ajJAnamithyAtvagrasta anya dArzanikoM ko vanyamRga kI saMjJA dete huye evaM anekAntavAda ke pariprekSya meM unake siddhAntoM kI samIkSA karate huye kahate haiM ki ekAntavAdI, ajJAnamithyAtvayukta anArya zramaNa samyagjJAna, darzana va cAritra se pUrNataH rahita haiN| ve samyagdarzana, jJAna, cAritra, ahiMsA, satya, anekAnta, aparigraha Adi saMdoM se zaMkAkula hokara unase dUra bhAgate haiN| saddharmaprarUpaka vItarAga ke sAnnidhya se katarAte haiN| saddharmaprarUpaka zAstroM para zaMkA karate huye hiMsA, asatya, mithyAtva, ekAntavAda yA viSaya kaSAyAdi se yukta adharma prarUpaNA ko ni:zaMka hokara grahaNa karate haiM tathA adharma prarUpakoM kI sthApanA karate haiN| yajJa aura pazubalijanita ghora hiMsA kI dezanA vAle zAstroM ko jinameM kAmanAyukta karmakANDoM kA vidhAna aura hiMsA janaka kAryoM kI preraNA hai, ni:zaMka bhAva se svIkAra karate hai| ghora pApakarma meM Abaddha aise loga isa janma-maraNa rUpa saMsAra meM bAra-bAra AvAgamana karate rahate haiN| ajJAnagrasta evaM sanmArga-abhijJa aise ajJAnavAdiyoM ke saMsarga meM Ane vAle dizAmUr3ha haiM evaM du:kha ko prApta hoNge| saMjaya velaTThiputta ke anusAra tattva viSayaka ajJeyatA yA anizcitatA hI ajJAnavAda kI AdhArazilA hai| ajJAnavAdiyoM ke saMdarbha meM do prakAra ke mata milate haiM- eka to ve ajJAnavAdI haiM jo svayaM ke alpamithyAjJAna se garvonmatta hokara samasta jJAna ko apanI virAsata mAnate haiM, jabaki yathArthataH unakA jJAna kevala pallavagrAhI hotA hai| ye tathAkathita zAstrajJAnI vItarAga sarvajJa kI anekAntarUpa tattvajJAna se yukta, sApekSavAda se otaprota vANI ko galata samajhakara evaM use saMzayavAda kI saMjJA dekara ThukarA dete haiN| dUsare ajJAnavAdI ajJAna ko hI zreyaskara mAnate haiN| unake mata meM jJAnAbhAva meM vAda-vivAda, vitaNDA, saMgharSa, kalaha ,ahaMkAra, kaSAya Adi ke

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| 122 - jinavANI- jainAgama-sAhitya vizeSAGaka| prapaMca se ve mana meM rAga-dveSAdi utpanna na hone dene kA sabase sarala upAya jJAna-pravRtti ko chor3akara ajJAna meM hI lIna rahanA mAnate haiN| ajJAna ko zreyaskara mAnane vAle ajJAnavAdI sabhI yathArtha jJAnoM se dUra rahanA cAhate haiMsabase bhale mUDha, jinheM na vyApai jagata gti| kriyAvAda yA karmopacaya niSedhavAda- bauddha darzana ko sAmAnyatayA akriyAvAdI darzana kahA gayA hai| bauddha grantha aMguttaranikAya ke tRtIya bhAga aTThaka nipAta ke siMhasutta meM tathA vinayapiTaka ke mahAvagga kI siMhasenApativatthu meM buddha ke akriyAvAdI hone ke ullekha hai| sUtrakRtAMga ke bArahaveM samavasaraNa adhyayana meM sUtra 535 kI cUrNi evaM vRtti meM bauddhoM ko kahIM akriyAvAdI evaM kahIM kriyAvAdI- donoM kahA gayA hai, kintu isa virodha kA parihAra karate huye kahA gayA hai ki yaha apekSAbheda se hai| kriyAvAdI kevala caityakarma kiye jAne vAle (cittavizuddhipUrvaka) kisI bhI karma Adi kriyA ko pradhAna rUpa se mokSa kA aMga mAnate haiN| bauddha cittazuddhipUrvaka sampanna prabhUta hiMsAyukta kriyA ko evaM ajJAnAdi se kiye gaye nimna cAra prakAra ke karmopacaya ko bandha kA kAraNa nahIM mAnate aura karmacintA se pare rahate haiN|| 1. parijJopacita karma- jAnate hue bhI kopAdi yA krodhavaza zarIra se akRta, kevala mana se ciMtita hiMsAdi karma / 2. avijJopacita karma-ajJAnavaza zarIra se sampanna hiMsAdi krm| 3. IryApatha karma- mArga meM jAte samaya anabhisaMdhi se hone vAlA hiMsAdi krm| 4. svapnAntika karma- svapna meM hone vAle hiMsAdi krm| bauddhoM ke anusAra aise karmoM se puruSa spRSTa hotA hai, baddha nahIM, kyoMki ye cAroM karma sparza ke bAda hI naSTa ho jAte haiN| isIliye bauddha ina karmagranthiyoM se nizcinta hokara kriyAe~ karate hai| bauddha rAga-dveSa rahita buddhipUrvaka yA vizuddha mana se huye zArIrika prANAtipAta ko bhAvavizuddhi hone ke kAraNa karmopacaya nahIM maante| bauddhagrantha suttapiTaka ke khuddakanikAya bAlovAda jAtaka meM buddha kahate bhI haiM ki- vipatti ke samaya pitA dvArA putra kA vadha kara svayaM usakA bhakSaNa tathA medhAvI bhikSu dvArA ukta mAMzAsana pApakarma kA kAraNa nahIM hai| sUtrakAra bauddhoM ke tarka ko asaMgata mAnate haiM kyoMki rAga-dveSAdi ye yukta citta ke binA mArane kI kriyA ho hI nahIM sktii| maiM putra ko mAratA hU~ aise cittapariNAma ko kathamapi asaMkliSTa nahIM mAnA jA sktaa| ata: karmopacaya niSedhavAdI bauddha karmacintA se rahita haiM tathA saMyama evaM saMvara ke vicAra se kisI kArya meM pravRtta nahIM hote, aisA zAstrakAra kA bauddhoM para AkSepa hai|

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| sUtrakRtAMga meM varNita dArzanika vicAra 123 57 jagatkartRtvavAda - sUtrakRtAMga meM jagat kI racanA ke saMdarbha meM ajJAnavAdiyoM ke pramukha sAta matoM kA nirUpaNa kiyA gayA hai" 1. kisI deva dvArA kRta, saMrakSita evaM boyA huA / 2. brahmA dvArA racita, rakSita yA utpanna / 3. Izvara dvArA racita / 4. yaha loka prakRti-kRta hai| . svayaMbhUkRta loka / 5. 6. yamarAja (mAra - mRtyu) racita jagat mAyA hai, ataH anitya hai| 7. loka aNDe se utpanna hai| zAstrakAra kI dRSTi meM ye samasta jagatkartRtvavAdI parAmarza se anabhijJa, mRSAvAdI evaM svayuktiyoM ke AdhAra para avinAzI jagat ko vinAzI, ekAnta va anitya batAne vAle haiN| vAstava meM loka yA jagata kA kabhI nAza nahIM hotA kyoMki dravya rUpa se yaha sadaiva sthira rahatA hai| yaha loka atIta meM thA, vartamAna meM hai| vAstava meM loka yA jagata kA kabhI nAza nahIM hotA, kyoMki dravya rUpa se yaha sadaiva sthira rahatA hai| yaha lokaM atIta meM thA, vartamAna meM hai aura bhaviSya meM rhegaa| yaha sarvathA ayuktiyukta mAnyatA hai ki kisI deva, brahmA, Izvara, prakRti, viSNu yA ziva ne sRSTi kI racanA kI, kyoMki yadi kRta hotA to sadaiva nAzavAna hotA, parantu loka ekAntataH aisA nahIM hai| aisA koI pramANa nahIM hai jisase apane-apane mAnya ArAdhya dvArA loka kA kartRtva siddha kiyA jA ske| Izvara kartRtvavAdiyoM ne ghaTarUpa kArya ke kartA kumhAra kI taraha Izvara ko jagat kA kartA siddha karane kA prayAsa kiyA hai, parantu loka dravyarUpa se nitya hone ke kAraNa kArya hai hI nahIM / paryAya rUpa se anitya hai, parantu kArya kA kartA ke sAtha koI avinAbhAva nahIM hai| jIva va ajIva anAdikAla se svabhAva meM sthita haiM / ve na kabhI naSTa hote haiM na hI vinAza ko prApta hote haiM- unameM mAtra avasthAoM kA parivartana hotA hai / svakRta azubha anuSThAna yA karma se duHkha evaM zuddha dharmAnuSThAna se sukha kI utpatti hotI hai| dUsarA koI deva, brahmA, viSNu Adi kisI ko sukha-duHkha se yukta nahIM kara sktaa|" 9 60 avatAravAda' - niyativAda kI bhAMti avatAravAda mata bhI AjIvakoM kA hai| samavAyAMga vRtti aura sUtrakRtAMga ke dvitIya zrutaskaMdha ke chaThe adhyayana meM rAzikoM ko AjIvaka yA gozAlaka matAnusArI batAyA gayA hai, ye AtmA kI tIna avasthAe~ mAnate haiM 1. rAgadveSa rahita karmabandhana se yukta pApa sahita azuddha AtmA kI avasthA / 2. azuddha avasthA se mukti hetu zuddha AcaraNa dvArA zuddha niSpApa avasthA prApta karanA tadanusAra mukti meM pahuMca jAnA /

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| 124 jinavANI- jainAgama sAhitya vizeSAGka 3. zuddha niSpApa AtmA krIr3A, rAga-dveSa ke kAraNa usI prakAra puna: karma raja se lipta ho jAtA hai jaise-maTamaile jala ko phiTakarI Adi se svaccha kara liyA jAtA hai, parantu AMdhI tUphAna se ur3AI gayI reta va miTTI ke kAraNa vaha puna: malina ho jAtA hai| isa taraha AtmA mukti prApta kara bhI krIr3A aura pradoSa ke kAraNa saMsAra meM avatarita hotA hai| vaha apane dharmazAsana kI puna: pratiSThA karane ke lie rajoguNa yukta hokara avatAra letA hai| yahI tathya gItA meM bhagavAna kRSNa ne arjuna ko upadeza dete hae kahA hai- he bhArata! jaba-jaba dharma kI hAni aura adharma kI vRddhi hotI hai, taba-taba maiM hI apane rUpa ko racatA hU~, sAdhu-puruSoM kI rakSA tathA pApakarma karane vAloM kA vinAza evaM dharma kI acchI taraha se sthApanA karane ke liye yuga-yuga meM prakaTa huA karatA huuN| sUtrakAra avatAravAda kA khaMDana karate hue kahate haiM ki jo AtmA eka bAra karmamala se sarvathA rahita ho cukA hai, zuddha, buddha , mukta evaM niSpApa ho cukA hai, vaha puna: azuddha karmaphala yukta aura pApayukta kaise ho sakatA hai? jaise bIja ke jala jAne para usase aMkura utpanna honA asambhava hai, vaise hI karmabIja ke jala jAne para phira janmamaraNa rUpa aMkura kA phUTanA asaMbhava hai aura phira isa bAta ko to gItA bhI mAnatI hai mAmupetya punarjanma duHkhAlayamazAzvatam / nApnuvanti mahAtmanaH saMsiddhiM paramAM gatAH / / mAmupetya tu kaunteya! punarjanma na vidyate / / 'kIDApadoseNa' kahakara avatAravAdI jo avatAra kA kAraNa batalAte haiM usakI saMgati gItA se baiThatI hai, kyoMki avatarita hone vAlA bhagavAna duSToM kA nAza karatA hai taba apane bhakta kI rakSA ke lie hara saMbhava prayatna karatA hai aura aisA karane meM unameM dveSa evaM rAga kA honA svAbhAvika hai| sva-sva pravAda prazaMsA evaM siddhi kA dAvA- sUtrakAra ke anusAra jagatkartRtvavAdI AjIvaka kArya-kAraNavihIna evaM yuktirahita apane hI matavAda kI prazaMsA karate haiN| ve siddhivAdI svakalpita siddhi ko hI kendra mAnakara usI se ihalaukika evaM pAralaukika siddhi ko siddha karane ke liye yuktiyoM kI khIMcatAna karate haiN| parantu jo dArzanika mAtra jJAna yA kriyA se aSTabhautika aizvarya, anya laukika evaM yaugika upalabdhiyoM se mukti mAnate haiM ve sacce artha meM saMvRtta nahIM haiN| vastuta: ve svayaM ko siddhi se bhI utkRSTa jJAnI, muktidAtA va tapasvI kahakara aneka bhole logoM ko bhramita karate haiN| phalata: ve matavAdI ina tIna duSphaloM ko prApta karate haiM- 1. anAdi saMsAra meM bAra-bAra paribhramaNa 2. dIrghakAla paryanta bhavanapati deva (asura) yoni meM evaM 3. alpa Rddhi , Ayu tathA zakti se yukta adhama kilviSika deva ke rUpa meM

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sUtrakRtAMga meM varNita dArzanika vicAra utpatti / paravAdI nirasana - indriyasukhopabhoga evaM svasiddhAnta ko sarvopari mAnane vAle dArzanika matavAdoM kI granthakAra bhartsanA karate hue kahate haiM ki ye ekAnta darzanoM, dRSTiyoM, vAdoM ko satya mAnakara unakI zaraNa lekara evaM karmabaMdhoM se nizcinta hokara evaM pApa karmoM meM Asakta hokara AcaraNa karate haiN| inakI gati saMsAra-sAgara pAra hone kI AzA meM mithyAtva, avirati Adi chidroM ke kAraNa karmajala praviSTa ho jAne vAlI mithyAdRSTiyukta matanaukA meM ArUr3ha matamohAndha vyakti kI hotI hai jo bIca meM hI DUba jAte haiM arthAt mithyAtvayukta mata sachidra naukA ke samAna hai aura isakA AcaraNa karane vAlA vyakti janmAndha ke samAna hai| 125 lokavAda samIkSA- lokavAdiyoM kA tAtparya paurANika matavAdiyoM se hai| mahAvIra ke yuga meM paurANikoM kA bahuta jora thA / loga paurANikoM ko sarvajJa mAnate the, unase Agama-nigama, loka-paraloka ke rahasya, prANI ke maraNottara dazA kI athavA pratyakSa dRzyamAna loka kI utpatti, sthiti va pralaya kI bahuta carcAeM karate the| bhagavAna mahAvIra ke yuga meM pUraNakAzyapa, maMkkhaligozAla, ajitakezakambala, pakuddhakAtyAyana, gautamabuddha, saMjayavelaTThiputta evaM kaI tIrthaMkara the jo sarvajJa kahe jAte the| zAstrakAra ne ina matavAdiyoM ke siddhAnta para nimna dRSTiyoM se vicAra kiyA hai- 1. lokavAda kitanA heya va upAdeya hai, 2. yaha loka ananta, nitya evaM zAzvata hai yA avinAzI hai yA antavAna kintu nitya hai / 3. kyA paurANikoM Adi kA avatAra lokavAdI hai evaM 4. trasa, trasa yoni meM hI aura sthAvara, sthAvara yoni meM hI saMkramaNa karate haiN| lokavAdI mAnyatA kA khaNDana lokavAdiyoM kI mAnyatA ki loka ananta, nitya, zAzvata evaM avinAzI hai, kA khaNDana karate hue jainadArzanika kahate haiM ki yadi lokagata padArthoM ko kUTastha nitya (vinAza rahita sthira) mAnate haiM to yaha pratyakSa viruddha hai, kyoMki isa jagat meM jar3a-cetana koI bhI aisA padArtha nahIM hai jo pratikSaNa parivartanazIla na ho, paryAya rUpa se vaha sadaiva utpanna va vinaSTa hote dIkhatA hai| ataH lokagata padArtha sarvathA kUTastha nitya nahIM ho skte| dUsare lokavAdiyoM kI yaha mAnyatA sarvathA ayukta hai ki trasa sadaiva sa padArtha meM hI utpanna hotA hai, puruSa, maraNoparAnta puruSa evaM strI maraNoparAnta strI hI hotI hai| AcArAMga sUtra meM kahA gayA hai ki sthAvara jIva trasa ke rUpa meM aura sajIva sthAvara ke rUpa meM athavA saMsArI jIva sabhI yoniyoM meM utpanna ho sakate haiN| ajJAnI jIva apane-apane karmoM se pRthak-pRthak rUpa racate haiN| yadi lokavAda ko satya mAnA jAya ki jo isa jagat meM jaisA hai, vaha usa 70

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| 126 jinavANI- jainAgama-sAhitya vizeSAGka janma meM vaisA hI hogA, to dAna adhyayana, japa-tapa. anuSThAna vyartha ho jAyeMge, phira bhalA kyoM koI dAna karegA yA yama-niyamAdi kI sAdhanA kregaa| AdhAkarmadoSa -sUtrakRtAMga kI 60 se 63 taka kI gAthAeM nirgrantha AhAra se saMbaddha haiN| zramaNAhAra ke prasaMga meM isameM AdhAkarmadoSa se dUSita AhArasevana se hAni evaM AhArasevI kI durdazA kA nirUpaNa kiyA hai| yadi sAdhu kA AhAra AdhAkarmadoSa se duSita hogA to vaha hiMsA kA bhAgI to hogA hI, sAtha hI usake vicAra, saMskAra evaM usakA anta:karaNa nirbala ho jaayegaa| dUSita AhAra se sAdhu ke sukhazIla, kaSAyayukta evaM pramAdI bana jAne kA khatarA hai| AdhAkarmI AhAra grAhI sAdhu gAr3ha karmabandhana ke phalasvarUpa naraka, tiryaca Adi yoniyoM meM jAkara duHkha bhogate haiN| unakI durdazA vaisI hI hotI hai jaise bAr3ha ke jala ke prabhAva se prakSipta sUkhe va gIle sthAna para pahuMcI huI vaizAlika matsya ko mAMsArthI DaMka va kaMka (kramaza: cIla va giddha) pakSI satA-satAkara duHkha pahuMcAte haiN| vartamAna sukha ke abhilASI kaI zramaNa vaizAlika matsya ke samAna anantabAra duHkha va vinAza ko prApta hote haiN| munidharmopadeza- sUtrakRtAMga kI 76 se 79 taka kI gAthAoM meM zAstrakAra ne nirgrantha hetu saMyama, dharma evaM svakartavya bodha kA isa prakAra nirUpaNa kiyA 1. pUrvasaMbaMdha tyAgI, anyayUthika sAdhu, gRhastha ko samArambhayukta kRtyoM kA upadeza dene ke kAraNa zaraNa grahaNa karane yogya nahIM hai| 2. vidvAna muni unheM jAnakara unase Asaktijanaka saMsarga na rkhe| 3. parigraha evaM hiMsA se mokSa-prApti mAnane vAle pravrajyAdhAriyoM kA saMsarga __ chor3akara niSparigrahI, nirArambha mahAtmAoM kI zaraNa meM jaaye| 4 AhArasaMbaMdhI grAsaiSaNA, grahaNaiSaNA, paribhogaiSaNA, Asaktirahita evaM rAgadveSamukta hokara kre| ahiMsAdharma nirUpaNa - ahiMsA ko yadi jaina dharma-darzana kA merudaNDa kahA jAya to koI atizayokti nahIM hogii| isalie jainAgamoM meM ahiMsA ko vistRta carcA kI gaI hai| sUtrakAra ne bhI kucha sUtroM meM ahiMsA kA nirUpaNa kiyA hai| saMsAra ke samasta prANI ahiMsya haiM, kyoMki1. isa dRzyamAna trasa sthAvara rUpa jagat kI mana, vacana, kAya kI pravRttiyAM __ athavA bAla, yauvana, vRddhatva Adi avasthAe~ sthUla haiM, pratyakSa haiN| 2. sthAvara jaMgama sabhI prANiyoM kI paryAya avasthAeM sadA eka sI nahIM rhtii| 3. sabhI prANI zArIrika, mAnasika du:khoM se pIr3ita haiM arthAt sabhI prANiyoM ko duHkha apriya hai| uparyakta mata para zaMkA vyakta karate hA kaLa matatATI AtmA meM

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| sUtrakRtAMga meM varNita dArzanika vicAra sAla 1271 koI parivartana nahIM mAnate, AtmA kI bAlyAdi avasthAe~ nahIM hotI, na hI sukha-duHkha hote haiM isalie kisI jIva kA vadha karane se yA pIr3A dene se koI hiMsA nahIM hotii| zAstrakAra ukta mata ko asaMgata batAte haiM kyoMki samasta prANiyoM kI vividha ceSTAe~ tathA bAlyAdi avasthAe~ pratyakSa haiM, prANimAtra maraNadharmA hai| eka zarIra naSTa hone para svakarmAnusAra manuSya tiryaMca, narakAdi yoniyoM meM paribhramita hotA hai evaM eka paryAya se dUsare paryAya meM badalane para jarA, mRtyu, zArIrika-mAnasika ciMtA, saMtApa Adi nAnA duHkha bhogatA hai jo prANiyoM ko sarvathA apriya haiN| isalie svAbhAvika hai ki jaba koI kisI prANI ko satAyegA, pIr3A pahu~cAyegA, prANoM se rahita kara degA to use duHkhAnubhava avazya hogaa| isIlie zAstrakAra ne inhIM tIna sthUla kAraNoM ko prastuta kara kisI bhI prANI kI hiMsA na karane ko kahA hai| cAritra zaddhi ke lie upadeza prathama adhyayana ke aMtima tIna sUtroM meM karmabandhanoM ko tor3ane ke liye cAritra-zuddhi kA upadeza diyA gayA hai| vAstava meM jJAna, darzana, cAritra athavA triratna samanvita rUpa meM mokSamArga ke avarodhaka karmabaMdhanoM se chuTakArA pAne kA ekamAtra upAya hai| hiMsAdi pA~ca AnavoM se avirati, pramAda, kaSAya aura mana, vacana, kAya rUpI yoga kA durupayoga- ye cAritra doSa ke kAraNa haiM aura karmabandhana ke bhI kAraNa haiN| cAritrazuddhi se Atmazuddhi hotI hai| umAsvAti evaM unake tattvArthasUtra ke TIkAkAroM ne 1. gupti 2. samiti 3. dharma 4. anuprekSA 5. parISahajaya 6. cAritra va 7. tapa ko saMvara kA kAraNa mAnA hai| isI prakAra cAritra zuddhi ke pariprekSya meM dasa viveka sUtroM kA nirdeza kiyA hai jo tIna gAthAoM meM isa prakAra antarnihita haiM1. sAdhaka dasa prakAra kI samAcArI meM sthita rhe| 2.usakI AhAra Adi meM gaddhatA-Asakti na rhe| 3. apramatta hokara apanI AtmA kA yA ratnatraya kA saMrakSaNa kre| 4. gamanAgamana, Asana, zayana, khAnapAna meM viveka rkhe| 5. pUrvokta tInoM sthAnoM, samitiyoM athavA inake mana, vacana, kAya gupti rUpI tIna sthAnoM meM muni satata saMyata rhe| 6. krodha, mAna, mAyA aura lobha ina cAra kaSAyoM kA parityAga kre| 7. sadA paMcasamiti (IryAsamiti, bhASAsamiti, eSaNAsamiti, AdAnanikSepa samiti aura utsarga samiti) se yukta athavA sadA samabhAva meM pravRtta hokara rhe| 8. prANAtipAtAdi-viramaNa rUpa paMcamahAvrata rUpa saMvaroM se yukta rhe| 9. bhikSAzIla sAdhu gArhasthya baMdhanoM se baMdhe hue gRhasthoM se AsaktipUrvaka

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| 128 jinavANI- jainAgama-sAhitya vizeSAGka baMdhA huA na rhe| 10. mokSa prApta hone taka saMyamAnuSThAna meM pragati kare evaM aDiga rhe| cUMki cAritra karmAnava ke nirodha kA, parama saMvara kA evaM mokSamArga kA sAkSAt aura pradhAna kAraNa hai isalie sUtrakAra ne cAritra zuddhi ke liye upadeza diyA hai| isa prakAra hama dekhate haiM ki sUtrakRtAMga (prathama adhyayana ke prathama se lekara cauthe uddezaka taka) meM bhAratIya darzana meM varNita prAya: sabhI matavAdoM kA kuzala samAveza kara unakI mImAMsA kI gaI hai| aisA koI matavAda nahIM hai jise sUtrakAra kI painI dRSTi ne sparza na kiyA ho| yadyapi sUtrakAra ne kisI bhI sampradAya vizeSa kA nAmollekha nahIM kiyA hai, kevala unake dArzanika mantavyoM ko hI AdhAra mAnakara svapakSamaNDana va parapakSa nirasana kiyA hai, phira bhI vaha apane uddezya meM sarvathA saphala rahA hai| sampradAyoM kA spaSTa nAmollekha na milane kA kAraNa bahuta kucha sImA taka una-una matavAdoM kA usa samaya taka pUrNarUpeNa vikasita na honA mAnA jA sakatA hai| bAda ke TIkAkAroM va niyuktikAroM ne dArzanika mantavyoM kA sampradAya vizeSa sahita ullekha kiyA hai| jahA~ taka isameM antarnihita dArzanika vivecanA kA prazna hai, sUtrakAra ne jina matavAdoM kA ullekha kiyA hai, unheM apane anekAntavAda va karmavAdapravaNa ahiMsA kI kasauTI para kasate hue yahI batAne kA prayAsa kiyA hai, ki cAhe vaha vaidika darzana kA kUTastha AtmavAda ho, bauddhoM kA kSaNikavAda ho, lokAyatoM kA bhautikavAda ho, sAMkhyoM kA akartAvAda ho yA niyativAdiyoM kA niyativAda ho- koI bhI darzana hamAre satata anubhava, vyaktitva kI ekatA evaM hamAre cetanAmaya jIvana kI, jo satata parivartanazIla hai, sampUrNa dRSTi se samucita vyAkhyA nahIM kara paataa| yaha jainadarzana kI anekAntavAdI dRSTi hI hai jo ekAnta zAzvatavAda evaM ekAnta ucchedavAda ke madhya AnubhAvika stara para eka yathArtha samanvaya prastuta kara sakatI hai tathA naitika evaM dhArmika jIvana kI tarkasaMgata vyAkhyA kara sakatI hai| saMdarbha 1. sUtrakRtAMga niyukti gAthA-18-20 tathA unakI zIlAMka vRtti 2. sUtrakRtAMga gAthA 1 (saM. va anu. madhukara muni, Agama prakAzana samiti, byAvara, 1982) 3. uttarAdhyayanasUtra 8.15 4. badhyate'nena baMdhanamAtraM vA baMdha:-tattvArthavArtika bhAga1, pR. 26, bhaTTa akalaMkadeva, sampA. mahendrakumAra jaina, bhAratIya jJAnapITha, kAzI vi.ni. saM. 2499 5. sakaSAyatvAjjIva: karmaNo yogyAn pudgalAnAdatte sa bNdhH| ---tattvArtha sUtra 8.2 6. paM. sukhalAla saMghavI, bhArata jaina mahAmaNDala, vardhA 1952

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sUtrakRtAMga meM varNita dArzanika vicAra 7. tatvArthavArtika- 2.10.2 pR. 124 8. AtmakarmaNoranyo'nyapradezAnupravezAtmako bandhaH / - sarvArthasiddhi ( pUjyapAdAcArya saM. va anu. phUlacanda siddhAntazAstrI bhAratIya jJAnapITha, kAzI, prathamAvRtti san 1955) 1.4 pR. 14 9. krodhAdipariNAmavazIkRto bhAvabandhaH - tattvArthavArtika-- 2.10.2, pR. 124 10. dravyasaMgraha nemicandrAcArya, prakA. zrI paramazruta prabhAvaka maNDala vi. ni. saM. 2433 11. samayasAra (AtmakhyAti - tAtparyavRtti bhASAvacanikA TIkA sahita) kundakundAcArya, sampA. pannAlAla jaina, prakAzaka paramazruta prabhAvaka maNDala, boriyA, dvitIyAvRtti, san 1974 gAthA 153, AtmakhyAti TIkA --gAthA 153 12. taM-micchattaM jamasaddahaNaM taccANa hoi atthANaM / - bhagavatI ArAdhanA, gAthA 56, AcArya zivakoTi (sampA. sakhArAma doSI, jIvarAja jaina, granthamAlA zolApura pra.saM. san 1935) 13. sarvArthasiddhi-7 / 9 14. dhavalA, vIrasena, khaM. 2 bhAga 1 sUtra 7 pR. 7 (hindI anuvAda sahita amarAvatI pra. saM. 1939-59) 15. sarvArthasiddhi 6 / 4, pR.320 sarvArthasiddhi - 2 / 26, pR. 183 16. 17. tattvArtha sUtra 9/1 18. puvvakadakammasaDaNaM tu NijjarA- bhagavatI ArAdhanA, gAthA 1847 19. sarvadarzanasaMgraha - mAdhavAcArya, pR.10 (caukhambhA saMskRta sirIja, vArANasI) 20. sUtrakRtAMga niryukti gAthA 33 21. sUtrakRtAMga 2.1.657 22. sUtrakRtAMga - 1.1.11 - 12, pR. 25 23. vahI, pR. 26 24. vahI, pR. 26 25. prameyaratnamAlA 4.8, pR. 296 (laghuanantavIrya, vyAkhyAkAra, jaina, caukhambhA vidyAbhavana, vArANasI - vi.saM. 2020) sampA. hIrAlAla 26. zAstravArtAsamuccaya - 1.65-66, harabhidrasUri, bhAratIyasaMskRtividyA mandira (ahamadAbAda-1969) tattvArthavArtika 2.7.27, pR. 117 / 27. sUtrakRtAMga 1.1.9-10 28. sarvametadidaM brahma - chA. u. 3.14.1 brahmakhalvidaM sarvam - maitreyyupaniSad 4, 6, 3 129 29. sUtrakRtAMga, 1.1.10 30. sUtrakRtAMga 1.1.13-14 31. amUrtazcetano bhogI nityaH sarvagato'kriyaH akarttA nirguNaH sUkSma AtmA kpildrshne| SaDdarzana samuccaya / (guNaratnasUrikRta rahasyadIpikA sahita ) ) harabhidrasUri, saM. mahendra kumAra jaina, bhAratIya jJAnapITha, vArANasI 1970 32. tattvArthavArtika 2101 33. santi paMcamahabbhUtA ihamegesiM AhitA / AyachaTThA puNegA''hu AyA loge ya sAsate / - sUtrakRtAMga sUtra 1.1.15 34. nAsato vidyate bhAvo nAbhAvo vidyate sataH / ubhayorapi dRSTo'ntastvanayostattvadarzibhiH / bhagavadgItA 2.16

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130 35. asadakaraNAdupAnagrahaNAt sarvasaMbhavAbhAvAt / zaktasya zakyakaraNAt kAraNabhAvAcca satkAryam / / sAM. kA. 9 (gaur3apAda bhASya) : Izvara- kRSNa, ha. kR. cau. kAzI, vi.saM. 1979 36. sUtrakRtAMga kI zIlAMkavRtti patrAMka 24-25 37. sUtrakRtAMga sUtra 1.1.17-18 38. dIghanikAya 1.1 (anuvAda - bhikSu rAhula sAMkRtyAyana evaM jagadIza kazyapa, prakA. bhAratIya bauddha zikSA pariSad, buddhavihAra, lakhanaU) 39. majjhimanikAya - 1.1.2 40. ... puna ca paraM bhikkhave, bhikkhu, imamevaM kAyaM yathAThitaM yathApaNihitaM dhAtusopaccavekkhati--atthi imasmikAye pathavI dhAtu, ApodhAtu, tejodhAtu, vAyudhAtu ti suttapiTaka majji pAli bhAga 3, pR. 153 jinavANI- jainAgama-sAhitya vizeSAGka 41. sUtrakRtAMga - 1.1.19-27 42. teNAvimaM saMdhiM paMccA NaM Na te dhammaviujaNA / je tu vAigo evaM Na te AhaMtarA''hiyA / vahI 1.1.20 43. sUtrakRtAMga, zIlAMka vRtti 28 44. sUtrakRtAMgasUtra 1.2.28 - 31, gommaTasAra karmakANDa - 892 (prakAzaka parazrumata prabhAvaka jaina maNDala, bambaI, vI.ni.saM. 2453) 45. jaina sAhitya kA bRhad itihAsa, bhAga 2, pR: 138 46. niyatenaiva bhAvena sarve bhAvA bhavanti yat / tato niyatijA hyete tatsvarUpAnuvedhataH / / - zAstravArtAsamuccaya 2.61 47. karma kA jisa rUpa meM baMdha huA usako usI rUpa meM bhoganA arthAt udvartanA, apavartanA, saMkramaNa aura udIraNA avasthAoM kA na honA nikAcita karmAvasthA kahalAtI hai| gommaTasAra karmakANDa, gAthA 440 48. sUtrakRtAMgasUtra 1.2.33 - 50 49. jAviNo migA jahAsaMttA paritANeNatajjiyA, asaMkiyAI saMkati saMkiyAiM asaMkiNo / vahI 1.2.33 50. vahI, pR. 51 51. sUtrakRtAMga sUtra pR. 33 52. vahI 1.2.51 - 56 53. ahaM hi sIha / akiriyaM vadAmi kApaduccaritassa vacIduccaratisya, manoduccaritasya aneka vihitAnAM pApakAnaM akusalAnaM akiriyaM vdaami| suttapiTake aMguttara nikAya, pAli bhAga 3, aTThakanipAta pR. 293-96 54. sUtrakRtAMgacUrNi mU.pA. Ti. pR. 9 55. puttaM pitA samAraMbha AhAraTTha asaMjaye / bhujamANo vi mehAvI kammuNA No va lippate / / sUtrakRtAMga 1.2/5/5 56. sUtrakRtAMga zIlAMkavRtti patrAMka 37-40 57. sUtrakRtAMgasUtra-- 1.3.64-69 58. vahI pR. 67 59. (1 .) na kartRtvaM na karmANi lokasya sRjati prabhuH / na karmaphalasaMyogaM svabhAvastu pravarttate / / gItA 5.14 (2) gItA zAM. bhA. 5.14 60. satrakRtAMgasUtra - 1.3.70-71

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sUtrakRtAMga meM varNita dArzanika vicAra 131 61 iha saMvuDe muNI jAye pacchA hoti apaavye| viyaDaM va jahA bhujjo nIrayaM sarayaM thaa||-suutrkRtaaNgsuutr 1.3.71 62. sa mokSa prApto'pi bhUtvA kIlAvaNappadoseNa rajasA avtaarte| sUyagaDaM cUrNi mU.pA. TippaNa pR.12 / 63.(1) yadA yadA hi dharmasya glAnirbhavati bhaart| abhyutthAnamadharmasya tadAtmAnaM sRjaamyhm||-giitaa 4.17 (2) vahI 4.8 64. bhagavadgItA 8.15-16 65. sUtrakRtAMgasUtra 1.3.72-75 . 66.sUtrakRtAMga 1.2.57-59 67. sUtrakRtAMga amarasukhabodhinI vyAkhyA, pR.192-96 68.sUtrakRtAMga 1.4.80-83 69. vahI pR. 92 70 AcArAMga 1 zru.9 a.1 gAthA 54 (mUlaanuvAda vivecana TippaNa yukta) saM. madhukara muni, anu. zrIcanda surANA 'sarasa', Agama prakAzana samiti, byAvara 71. sUtrakRtAMga-1.3.60-63 72. udagassa'ppabhAveNa sakkaMmi ghAtamiti u| ___DhaMkehi va kaMkehi ya Amisatthehi te duhii||- vahI, 1.3.62 73.vahI-1.4.76-79 74.sUtrakRtAMga sUtra-1.4.84-85 urAlaM jagao joyaM viparIyAsaM paleti y| savve akkatadukkhA ya ato savve ahiNsiyaa|| etaM khu NANiNo sAraM jaM na hiMsati kiNcnn| ahiMsA samayaM ceva etAvaMtaM viyaanniyaa|| 75.sUtrakRtAMga 120.86-88 76. tattvArthasUtra 9.3 -pArzvanAtha vidyApITha, AI.TI.AI. ror3a karauMdI, vArANasI- 221005 (u.pra.)

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sthAnAMga sUtra kA mahattva evaM viSaya vastu * DaoN. pArasamaNi khIMcA sthAnAMga eka se lakara deza taka kI saMkhyAoM / sthAnoM meM dharma, itihAsa, khagola, bhUgola, darzana, AcAra Adi se sambaddha tathyoM kA koza kI taraha saMkalana hai| tathyoM ko samajhane evaM smaraNa rakhane kI dRSTi se yaha eka viziSTa zailI hai| sthAnAMgasUtra meM nirUpita vibhinna jAnakAriyA~ jJAna ko to samRddha banAtI hI haiM, kintu jIvana ko samyak utkarSa kI dizA bhI pradAna karatI haiN| DaoN0 pArasamaNi jI ne saMkSepa meM sthAnAMga sUtra mahattva evaM viSayavastu se paricita karAyA hai| - sampAdaka AgamoM meM sthAnAMga sUtra kA tIsarA sthAna hai| ise jaina saMskRti kA vizvakoSa bhI kahA jAtA hai| yaha zabda 'sthAna' aura 'aMga' ina do zabdoM ke mela se nirmita huA hai| 'sthAna' zabda ke aneka artha haiN| AcArya devavAcaka' aura guNadhara' ne likhA hai ki prastuta Agama meM eka sthAna se lekara daza sthAna taka jIva, pudgala Adi ke vividha bhAva varNita haiN| jinadAsagaNi mahattara kA abhimata hai - jisakA svarUpa sthApita kiyA jAe va jJApita kiyA jAe, vaha sthAna hai|' isa Agama meM eka se lekara daza taka saMkhyA vAle padArtho kA ullekha hai, ata: ise sthAna kahA gayA hai| isameM saMkhyA krama se jIva, pudgala Adi kI sthApanA kI gayI hai| ataH isakA nAma 'sthAna' yA 'sthAnAMga' hai| AcArya guNadhara sthAnAMga kA paricaya dete hue kahate haiM ki sthAnAMga meM saMgrahanaya aura vyavahAranaya kI dRSTi se samajhAyA gayA hai| saMgrahanaya kI dRSTi se ekatA kA aura vyavahAranaya kI dRSTi se bhinnatA kA pratipAdana kiyA gayA hai| saMgrahanaya kI apekSA jIva caitanya guNa hai| vyavahAranaya kI dRSTi se pratyeka jIva alaga-alaga haiN| isameM jJAna aura darzana kI dRSTi se bhI jIva tattva kA vibhAjana kiyA gayA hai| paryAya kI dRSTi se eka tattva ananta bhAgoM meM vibhakta hotA hai aura dravya kI dRSTi se ananta bhAga eka tattva meM pariNata ho jAte haiM / isa prakAra sthAnAMga meM saMkhyA kI dRSTi se jIva, ajIva prabhRti dravyoM kI sthApanA kI gayI hai| isameM bheda aura abheda kI dRSTi se pratyeka vastu tattva kA vivecana kiyA gayA hai| sthAnAMga kA mahattva sthAnAMga meM eka viSaya kA dUsare viSaya ke sAtha kisI taraha kA saMbaMdha nahIM hai| isameM itihAsa, gaNita, bhUgola, khagola, darzana, AcAra, manovijJAna Adi zatAdhika viSaya saMkalita haiN| pratyeka viSaya kA vistAra se cintana karane kI apekSA saMkhyA ke AdhAra para viSaya kA Akalana kiyA gayA hai| prastuta Agama meM aneka aitihAsika satya ghaTanAe~ bhI haiN| isameM koza kI

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sthAnAMga sUtra kA mahattva evaM viSaya vastu 133 zailI apanAyI gayI hai| yaha zailI smaraNa karane kI dRSTi se upayogI hai| yaha eka aisI zailI hai jo jaina AgamoM ke alAvA vaidika aura bauddha paramparA ke granthoM meM bhI prApta hai| yaha bheda - prabheda kI dRSTi ko bhI lie hue hai| aMga-AgamoM ke krama meM sthAnAMga ko tIsare sthAna para rakhane kA tAtparya yaha rahA hogA ki navadIkSita sAdhu prathama AcArAMga aura dvitIya sUtrakRtAMga meM paripakva bane, phira vaha niyamoM se paricita hokara heya - upAdeya ko samajhe, usa para vicAra kare / usameM pariniSTha evaM paripakva hokara jJAtavya viSayoM kI nAmAvalI ko jAne aura unake sAmAnya rUpa se paricita ho / sthAnAMga aura samavAyAMga ko buddhigamya kara lene ke anantara eka prakAra se zruta sAdhaka samasta AgamoM kA vettA ho jAtA hai / AgamakAra use zruta sthavira kahate haiM / jaina Agama - sAhitya meM zruta sthavira ke lie "ThANaM samavAyadhare" yaha vizeSaNa AyA hai| isa vizeSaNa se spaSTa hotA hai ki isa Agama kA AgamoM meM kitanA adhika mahattva hai / vyavahArasUtra ke dasaveM uddezaka ke pandrahaveM sUtra meM zruta sthavira ko zreSTha batAte hue kahA gayA hai ki zruta sthavira kA Adara satkAra karanA caahie| unake Ane para khar3e honA cAhie tathA vandana Adi ke sAtha unakA vinaya karanA caahie| vahA~ yaha bhI kahA gayA hai ki jo sthAnAMga aura samavAyAMga kA adhyayana karane vAlA dIkSArthI hai, vaha AcArya, upAdhyAya, gaNI, gaNAvacchedaka, pravartaka Adi padaviyoM ke yogya hotA hai| zAstrakAra kI yaha vyavasthA sthAnAMga sUtra kI mahattA kA nirdeza detI hai| vyavahAra sUtra ke anusAra sthAnAMga aura samavAyAMga ke jJAtA ko AcArya, upAdhyAya aura gaNAvacchedaka pada dene kA vidhAna hai| isa vidhAna se isa aMga Agama kI eka navIna vizeSatA hamAre sAmane AtI hai / sthAnAMga sUtra meM cAroM anuyogoM kA samAveza hai| isameM dravyAnuyoga kI dRSTi se 426 sUtra haiN| isI krama meM zramaNa bhagavAna mahAvIra saMbaMdhI ghaTanAe~ bhI haiM unheM sarvajJa evaM sarvadarzI kahA gayA hai| isameM AgAmI utsarpiNI kAla ke bhAvI tIrthaMkara mahApadma kA caritra bhI diyA gayA hai tathA bhaviSya meM hone vAlI anekAneka ghaTanAoM kA ullekha hai| isake prathama adhyayana meM saMgrahanaya kI dRSTi se vivecana hai | saMgrahanaya meM sampUrNa padArthoM kA sAmAnya rUpa se jJAna karAyA jAtA hai, isa dRSTi ko dhyAna meM rakhakara saMkhyAoM kA sthAna ke nAma se kathana kiyA gayA hai| AcArya abhayadeva ne "sthAna" ko adhyayana bhI kahA hai| sthAnAMga meM vibhinna kathAoM ke saMketa evaM saMkSipta ullekha bhI prApta hote haiN| jinameM bharata cakravartI, gajasukumAla, samrAT sanatkumAra aura marudevI kI kathAoM kA ullekha pramukha hai| isameM isI taraha ke vividha viSayoM kA

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134 jinavANI- jainAgama sAhitya vizeSAGaka saMkalana hai| pratimA sAdhanA kI viziSTa paddhati hai| isameM bhadrA, subhadrA, mahAbhadrA, sarvatobhadrA aura bhadrotarA pratimAoM kA ullekha hai| jAti, kula, karma, zilpa aura liMga ke bheda se pAMca prakAra kI AjIvikA kA varNana hai / gaMgA, yamunA, sarayu erAvatI aura mAhI nAmaka mahAnadiyoM Adi kA ullekha hai| caubIsa tIrthakaroM meM se vAsupUjyaM, mallI, ariSTanemi, pArzva aura mahAvIra kI kumArAvasthA kI pravrajyA kA bhI ullekha hai| isameM rogotpatti ke nau kAraNoM kA ullekha hai, jinameM zArIrika aura mAnasika roga pramukha haiN| rAjya vyavasthA ke saMbaMdha meM jAnakArI upalabdha hotI hai / puruSAdAnIya pArzva, bhagavAna mahAvIra, zreNika Adi ke saMbaMdha meM bhI aitihAsika mahattvapUrNa jAnakArI milatI hai| ataH yaha Agama kaI viziSTa adhyayanoM ko prastuta karatA hai| isameM aneka Azcaryajanaka ghaTanAe~ bhI haiM, jinakA jJAnavAda kI carcA meM ullekha kiyA gayA hai| yaha pratyakSa jJAna aura parokSa jJAna kI vyAkhyA ko prastuta karane vAlA Agama hai, jisase dArzanika cintana ke lie naI dizA bhI milatI hai| sthAnAMga kI prAcInatA isameM bhagavAna mahAvIra ke nirvANa kI prathama se chaThI zatAbdI taka kI aneka ghaTanAe~ ullikhita haiM, jo aitihAsika aura paurANika dRSTi se mahattvapUrNa haiN| 1. navama sthAna meM godAsagaNa, uttarabalissahagaNa, uddehagaNa, cAraNa gaNa, uDuvAtitagaNa, vissavAtitagaNa, kAmaDDhigaNa, mANavagaNa aura koDitagaNa ina gaNoM kI utpatti kA ullekha hai jo kalpasUtra meM bhI hai| ina gaNoM kI cAra-cAra zAkhAe~ hai| ina gaNoM ke aneka kula the / ye sabhI gaNa zramaNa bhagavAna mahAvIra ke nirvANa ke pazcAt do sau se pAMca sau varSa kI avadhi taka utpanna hue the| 2. isI taraha sAtaveM sthAna meM jamAli, tiSyagupta, ASAr3ha, azvamitra, gaMga, rohagupta, goSThAmAhila, ina sAta nihnavoM kA varNana hai| ina sAta nihnavoM meM se do nihnava bhagavAna mahAvIra ko kevalajJAna prApta hone ke bAda hue| inakA astitvakAla bhagavAna mahAvIra ke kevalajJAna-prApti ke caudaha varSa bAda se nirvANa ke pAMca sau caurAsI varSa pazcAt taka kA hai| arthAt ve nirvANa kI prathama zatAbdI se lekara chaThI zatAbdI ke madhya meM hue / sthAnAMga kI yaha aitihAsika evaM paurANika sAmagrI prAcInatA kI dyotaka hai| isake vivecya viSaya jIva, ajIvAdi tattvoM kA vivecana tathA dArzanika vizleSaNa bhI isa bAta ke pramANa haiM ki sthAnAMga sabhI prakAra kI sAmagrI ko samAviSTa kie hue hai| samavAyAMga, vyAkhyA prajJapti Adi AgamoM meM praznottara zailI se bheda-prabheda Adi kA kathana kiyA gayA hai| parantu

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sthAnAMga sUtra kA mahattva evaM viSaya vastu bAlaka 135 sthAnAMga meM bheda-prabheda mUlaka prastutIkaraNa meM aisA nahIM hai| sthAnAMga sUtra meM pratipAdita viSaya eka se dasa taka kI saMkhyA meM nibaddha haiN| isake daza adhyayanoM kA eka hI zruta skandha hai| prathama adhyayana uddezaka rahita hai| dvitIya, tRtIya aura caturtha adhyayanoM ke eka-eka uddezaka haiN| isa prakAra sthAnAMga sUtra daza adhyayanoM aura ikkIsa uddezakoM meM vibhakta hai| saMkSepa meM sthAnAMga ko viSaya sUcI isa prakAra haisthAnAMga meM varNita viSaya 01 svasiddhAnta, parasiddhAnta aura sva-para siddhAnta kA varNana / 02. jIva, ajIva aura jIvAjIva kA kthn| 03. loka, aloka aura lokAloka kA kthn| 04. dravya ke guNa aura vibhinna kSetrakAlavartI paryAyoM para cintn| 05. parvata, pAnI, samudra, deva, devoM ke prakAra, puruSoM ke vibhinna prakAra, svarUpa, gotra, nadiyoM, nidhiyoM aura jyotiSka devoM kI vividha gatiyoM kA vrnnn| 06. eka prakAra, do prakAra, yAvat dasa prakAra ke loka meM rahane vAle - jIvoM aura pudgaloM kA niruupnn| 07. aitihAsika evaM paurANika vivecn| 08. vividha naamaavliyaaN| 09. karma siddhAnta kI saarthktaa| 10. naya, syAdvAda, nikSepa dRsstti| 11. eka hI viSaya kA dRSTAnta rUpa meM prstutiikrnn| (1) prathama sthAna .. isameM pratyeka vastu kA kathana dravya, kSetra, kAla aura bhAva ina cAra dArzanika AdhAroM para kiyA gayA hai| isameM mUlata: naya dRSTi aura nikSepa dRSTi kA samAveza hai| naya meM bhI isa sthAna meM dravyArthika aura paryAyArthikanaya hai| isameM aneka viSayoM ke cAra-cAra pada ginAye gae haiN| isake prathama sthAna meM astittva sUtra, prakIrNaka sUtra, pudgala sUtra Adi ke mAdhyama se aThAraha tathyoM kA ullekha hai| 'ege AyA ege maNe, egA vAI Adi vAkyoM ke mAdhyama se eka saMkhyA se vividha tathyoM kA vivecana kiyA gayA hai| isake siddhapada meM tIrthasiddha, atIrthasiddha, tIrthaMkara siddha, svayaMsiddha, pratyekabuddhasiddha ityAdi kI eka-eka vargaNAe~ kahI gaI haiN| (2) dvitIya sthAna dvitIya sthAna meM cAra uddezaka haiN| isameM vyavahAranaya kI apekSA dravya, vastu yA padArtha Adi ke do-do bheda pratipAdita kie gae haiN| . prathama uddezaka- dvitIya sthAna ke prathama uddezaka meM dvipadAvatArapada, kriyApada,

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136 jinavANI- jainAgama-sAhitya vizeSAGka gapada, pratyAkhyAna pada Adi 23 viSayoM kA ullekha hai| jIva aura ajIva, trasa aura sthAvara, sayonika aura ayonika, Ayu sahita aura Ayu rahita, indriya sahita aura indriya rahita, veda sahita aura vedaM rahita, Anava aura saMvara, vedanA aura nirjarA Adi kA varNana hai aura ye dvipadAMvatAra pada kahalAte haiM / " isI taraha isameM do kriyA, do vidyA caraNa Adi padoM ke AdhAra para jIvoM ke vividha sthAnoM kI vyAkhyA kI gaI hai / dravya do prakAra ke kahe gae haiM- 1. pariNata aura 2. apariNata / " dvitIya uddezaka - isameM vedanA, gati, Agati, daNDaka--mArgaNA, avadhijJAna - darzana, dezataH sarvataH zravaNAdi, zarIra Adi kA ullekha hai / gati - Agati pada meM kahA hai- nAraka jIva do gati aura do Agati vAle kahe gae haiN| nairayika (baddha narakAyuSka) jIva manuSya se athavA paMcendriyatiryagyonikoM meM se (jAkara) utpanna hotA hai| isI prakAra nArakI jIva nAka avasthA ko chor3akara manuSya athavA paMcendriyatiryagyoni meM utpanna hotA hai|" 14 tRtIya uddezaka - isameM zarIra - pada, pudgala - pada, indriya - viSaya - pad, AcAra-pada, pratimA - pada Adi 34 padoM kA ullekha hai / prastuta uddezaka ke AcAra pada meM AcAra do prakAra kA kahA gayA hai - 1. jJAnAcAra aura 2. no jJAnAcAra / 1. darzanAcAra aura 2. no darzanAcAra / 1. cAritrAcAra aura 2. no cAritrAcAra / 1. tapa AcAra aura 2. vIryAcAra / " caturtha * uddezaka- isameM jIvAjIva pada, karma pada, AtmanirmANa pada Adi 21 padoM kA varNana hai / bandha ke preyobandha aura dveSabandha ye do bheda kie haiN| jIva do sthAnoM se pApakarma kA bandha karate haiM rAga se ora dveSa se / jIva do sthAnoM se pApakarma kI udIraNA karate haiM- AbhyupagamikI vedanA se aura aupakramikI vedanA se / jIva do sthAnoM se pApa karma kI nirjarA karate haiMAbhyupagamikIvedanA se aura aupakramikI vedanA se / (3) tRtIya sthAna prastuta sthAna ke cAra uddezaka haiM, jinameM tIna-tIna kI saMkhyA se saMbaddha viSayoM kA nirUpaNa kiyA gayA hai| prathama uddezaka- isameM indra pada, vikriyA pada, saMcita pada Adi ke 48 sUtra haiM / indra pada meM indra tIna prakAra ke kahe gae haiM- 1. nAma indra 2. sthApanA indra 3. dravya indra / isI prakAra 1 jJAna indra 2. darzana indra aura 3. cAritra indra ye tIna bhI indra ke bheda haiM / isa taraha indra ke bheda-prabheda Adi kA vistAra se varNana hai| isameM paricAraNA, yoga, karaNa Adi ke bhedoM kA bhI ullekha hai / dvitIya uddezaka- isameM loka sUtra, pariSad sUtra, yAma sUtra, vayaH sUtra Adi 20 sUtroM kA varNana kiyA gayA hai| isake bodhi sUtra meM bodhi ke tIna bheda kie

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sthAnAMga sUtra kA mahattva evaM viSaya vastu 137 gae haiM- 1. jJAna bodhi 2. darzana bodhi aura 3. cAritra bodhi / isI meM tIna prakAra ke buddha 1 . jJAna buddha 2. darzana buddha aura 3 cAritra buddha" kA pratipAdana kiyA gayA hai| tRtIya uddezaka- isameM AlocanA sUtra, zrutadhara sUtra, upadhi sUtra, AtmarakSasUtra Adi 35 sUtroM kA ullekha haiM / prastuta uddezaka ke zrutadhara sUtra meM sUtrakAra batAte haiM ki - zrutadhara 1. sUtradhara 2 arthadhara aura 3 tadubhayadhara nAma vAle haiN| . caturtha uddezaka- isameM pratimA sUtra, kAla sUtra, vacanasUtra, vizodhi sUtra Adi 47 sUtroM kA varNana haiN| prastuta sUtra meM vacana tIna prakAra ke kahe gae haiM - 1 ekavacana 2. dvivacana aura 3. bahuvacana / 1. strIvacana 2 puruSa vacana aura napuMsaka vacana / 1. atIta vacana 2 pratyutpanna vacana aura 3 anAgata vacana / " isa taraha liMga (vyakti), kAla aura racanA kI apekSA se viSaya kA vibhAjana kiyA gayA hai| (4) caturtha sthAna prastuta sthAna meM cAra kI saMkhyA se saMbaMdha rakhane vAle aneka viSaya saMkalita haiN| prastuta sthAna meM saiddhAntika, bhaugolika, prAkRtika Adi aneka viSayoM ke sthAnoM kA varNana hai| caturtha sthAna meM cAra uddezaka haiN| prathama uddezaka- isameM antakriyA sUtra, unnata praNata sUtra, bhASA sUtra, suta sUtra Adi 48 sUtroM kA varNana hai| suta sUtra meM suta ke bhedoM kA ullekha hai, jise nikSepa dRSTi se isa prakAra pratipAdita kiyA haiM- 1. koI suta atijAta-pitA se adhika samRddha aura zreSTha hotA hai / 2. koI suta anujAta- pitA ke samAna samRddhi vAlA hotA hai / 3. koI suta apajAtapitA se hIna samRddhi vAlA hotA hai / 4. koI suta kulAGgAra - kula meM aMgAra ke samAna kula ko dUSita karane vAlA hotA hai| dvitIya uddezaka - isameM pratisaMlIna-apratisaMlIna sUtra, dINa - adINa sUtra Adi 48 sUtroM kA varNana hai / prastuta sUtra ke lokasthiti sUtra meM sUtrakAra ne lokasthiti isa prakAra kI kahI hai- 1. vAyu AkAza para pratiSThita hai / 2. ghanodadhi vAyu para pratiSThita hai / 2. pRthvI ghanodadhi para pratiSThita hai / 4. trasa aura sthAvara jIva pRthvI para pratiSThita haiN| tRtIya uddezaka- isameM krodha sUtra, bhAva sUtra, upakAra sUtra, AzvAsa sUtra Adi 63 sUtroM kA varNana hai / lezyA sUtra kA varNana karate hue sUtrakAra ne asurakumAroM kI cAra lezyAoM kA kathana isa prakAra kiyA hai- 1. kRSNa lezyA 2. nIla lezyA 3. kApota lezyA aura 4. tejo lezyA / isI prakAra pRthvIkAyika, apkAyika, vanaspatikAyika jIvoM, vANavyantara devoM aura asurakumAroM kI lezyAoM kA vivecana kiyA gayA hai|"

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138 jinavANI- jainAgama-sAhitya vizeSAGka caturtha uddezaka - isameM prasarpaka sUtra, AhAra sUtra, vaNakara sUtra, kAma sUtra Adi 56 sUtroM kA varNana hai / prastuta uddezaka ke vRkSa vikriyA sUtra meM vRkSoM kI vikaraNa rUpa vikriyA cAra prakAra kI kahI gayI haiN| jaise- 1. pravAla (koMpala) ke rUpa meM 2. patra ke rUpa meM 3. puSpa ke rUpa meM aura 4. phala ke rUpa meM 24 (5) paMcama sthAna isameM pA~ca kI saMkhyA se saMbaMdhita viSayoM kA samAveza hai, jinameM saiddhAntika, tAttvika, dArzanika, bhaugolika, aitihAsika, jyotiSka, yoga Adi aneka viSayoM kA varNana hai|" paMcama sthAna ke tIna uddezaka haiN| prathama uddezaka- isameM mahAvrata, aNuvrata, indriya viSaya, pratimA, deva Adi 30 viSayoM kA varNana hai / prastuta sUtra meM rAjacihna sUtra pA~ca prakAra ke kahe gaye haiM jaise - 1. khaDga 2 . chatra 3. uSNISa 4. upAnaha aura 5. bAla vyajana / dvitIya uddezaka - isameM mahAnadI, uttaraNa sUtra, varSAvAsa sUtra, vyavahAra sUtra, parijJA sUtra Adi 34 sUtroM kA varNana hai / prastuta uddezaka ke parijJA sUtra meM parijJA pAMca prakAra kI kahI gayI hai jaise- 1. upadhi parijJA 2 . upAzraya parijJA 3. kaSAya parijJA 4. yoga parijJA aura 5. bhakta pAna parijJA / 26 tRtIya uddezaka- isameM astikAya sUtra, gIta sUtra, indriyArtha sUtra, muMDa Adi 40 sthAnoM kA varNana hai / prastuta uddezaka ke gati sUtra meM gatiyoM ke prakAroM kA ullekha hai- 1 . naraka gati 2 tiryaMca gati 3. manuSya gati 4. deva gati aura siddha gati / .28 5. (6) SaSTha sthAna isameM chaha-chaha saMkhyA se nibaddha aneka viSaya saMkalita haiN| prastuta sthAna meM eka uddezaka hai / sAdhu-sAdhviyoM kI samAcArI ke liye yaha sthAna mahattvapUrNa hai| isameM unakI caryAoM kA vistAra se varNana hai| sAtha hI isameM saiddhAntika, aitihAsika, jyotiSka, bhaugolika, Ayurveda, vivAda pada Adi aneka sthAnoM kI jAnakArI bhI dI gaI hai| prastuta sthAna meM 66 sthAnoM/viSayoM kA ullekha hai / jinameM gaNa - dhAraNa-sUtra, nirgranthI avalambana sUtra, gati - Agati sUtra bhI hai| isI ke asaMbhava sUtra meM batAyA gayA hai ki sabhI jIvoM meM chaha kArya karane kI na Rddhi, na dyuti, na yaza, na bala, na vIrya, na puraskAra aura na hI parAkrama hai, jaise- 1. jIva ko ajIva karanA 2. ajIva ko jIva karanA 3. eka samaya meM do bhASA bolanA 4. svayaMkRta karma ko vedana karanA yA vedana nahIM karanA, 5 . pudgala paramANu kA chedana yA bhedana karanA yA agnikAya meM jalAnA aura 6. lokAnta se bAhara jAnA / " (7) saptama sthAna prastuta saptama sthAna meM sAta kI saMkhyA se saMbaddha viSayoM kA saMkalana

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sthAnAMga sUtra kA mahattva evaM viSaya vastu 139 kiyA gayA hai| sAta saMkhyA vAle aneka dArzanika, bhaugolika, jyotiSka, aitihAsika, paurANika Adi viSayoM kA varNana hai| eka uddezaka hai| prastuta sthAna meM hI jIva vijJAna, loka sthiti saMsthAna, gotra, naya, Asana, parvata, dhAnya sthiti, sAta pravacana nihvava, sAta samudghAta Adi vividha viSayoM kA saMkalana hai| isake sapta svaroM ke varNana se jJAta hotA hai ki prAcIna kAla meM saMgIta vijJAna kA kitanA mahattva thA / isameM zreSThatA ke AdhAra para vyakti kA mUlyAMkana kiyA hai / rAjAoM meM cakravartI rAjA zreSTha hotA hai / ratnoM meM hIraka, saMgha meM AcArya aura upAdhyAya kA pramukha sthAna hotA hai / prastuta sthAna meM gaNApakramaNa sUtra, vibhaMga jJAna sUtra, saMgraha sthAna sUtra, asaMgraha sthAna sUtra Adi 47 sthAnoM kA varNana hai| isI meM bAdaravAyukAyika sUtra meM bAdara vAyukAyika jIvoM kA varNana hai - 1. pUrva dizA saMbaMdhI vAyu 2. pazcima dizA sambandhI vAyu, 3. dakSiNa dizA sambandhI vAyu 4. uttara dizA saMbaMdhI vAyu 5. Urdhva dizA sambandhI vAyu 6. adhodizA sambandhI vAyu aura 7. vidizA sambandhI vAyu jIva / (8) aSTama sthAna AThaveM sthAna meM ATha kI saMkhyA se saMbaMdhita viSayoM kA saMkalana kiyA gayA hai| prastuta sthAna meM bhI eka uddezaka hai| isameM ekalavihAra pratimA sUtra, yoni saMgraha sUtra, gati - agati sUtra, karma bandha sUtra, darzanasUtra Adi 61 sthAnoM kA varNana hai / prastuta uddezaka ke mahAnidhi sUtra meM batAyA gayA hai ki cakravartI kI pratyeka mahAnidhi ATha-ATha pahiyoM para AdhArita hai| ATha-ATha yojana UMcI kahI gayI hai (9) navama sthAna isameM nau-nau kI saMkhyAoM se saMbaMdhita viSayoM kA saMkalana hai| prastuta sthAna meM eka uddezaka hai| visaMbhoga sUtra, jIva sUtra, gaNa sUtra, kUTa sUtra Adi 41 sthAnoM kA varNana hai| prastuta sthAna ke saMsAra sUtra meM batAyA gayA hai ki jIva nau sthAnoM se (nau paryAyoM meM) saMsAra paribhramaNa karate haiM, kara rahe haiM, aura Age kreNge| jaise 1 pRthvIkAyika rUpa se 2. apkAyika rUpa se 3. taijasakAyika rUpa se 4. vAyukAyika rUpa se 5. vanaspatikAyika rUpa se 6. dvandraya rUpa se 7. trIndriya rUpa se 8. caturindriya rUpa se 9. paMcendriya rUpa se / 32 (10) dazama sthAna isameM dasa kI saMkhyA se saMbaMdhita vividha viSayoM kA varNana hai| lokasthiti, indriyoM ke viSaya, pudgala aura krodha kI utpatti kA vistAra se vivecana hai| svAdhyAya kAla, dharma pada, sthaviroM ke bheda, bhagavAna mahAvIra ke svapna Adi kA vivecana bhI hai| dazama sthAna uddezaka rahita hai| isameM loka

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[140 jinavANI- jainAgama-sAhitya vizeSAGakA sthiti sUtra, indriyArtha sUtra, krodhotpatti sthAna sUtra Adi 93 sUtroM kA ullekha hai| prastuta sthAna meM zramaNa dharma sUtra meM zramaNa dharma dasa prakAra kA kahA gayA hai jaise- 1. kSAnti (kSamA dhAraNa karanA) 2. mukti (lobha nahIM karanA) 3. Arjava (mAyAcAra nahIM karanA) 4. mArdava (ahaMkAra nahIM karanA) 6. satya (satya vacana bolanA) 7. saMyama dhAraNa 8. tapazcaraNa 9. tyAga(sAMbhogika sAdhuoM ko bhojanAdi denA) 10.brahmacaryavAsa (brahmacarya pUrvaka gurujanoM ke pAsa rhnaa)| isa taraha sthAnAMga sUtra meM cAroM anuyogoM kA samAveza hai| muni kanhaiyAlAla 'kamala' ne apanI Agamika dRSTi se kahA hai- sthAnAMga meM dravyAnuyoga ke 426 sUtra, caraNAnuyoga ke 214, gaNitAnuyoga ke 109 aura dharmakathAnuyoga ke 59 sUtra haiN| isakI viSaya vastu ke ukta vivaraNa meM saMskRti ke sabhI tathyoM kA samAveza ho gayA hai| yaha aisA Agama hai jisameM siddhAnta, darzana, nIti, nyAya Adi ke sthAnoM para saMkhyA kI dRSTi se vivecana kiyA gayA hai| yaha koI kathAgrantha nahIM hai aura na hI saiddhAntika, dArzanika Adi viSayoM kI vistRta vivecanA karane vAlA Agama hai| phira bhI viSaya vargIkaraNa kI dRSTi se yaha aMga Agama eka vizvakoSa hai| isameM dasa sthAna adhyAyoM ke pratIka haiN| saMdarbha 01. nandIsUtra , sUtra 82 "ThANeNaM egAiyAe eguttariyAe vuDDhIe dasaTThANagavivaDDhiyANaM bhAvANaM parUvaNA aaghvijjti|" 02 kasAyapAhuDa : 1/123 "ThANaM NAma jIvapuggalAdINAmegAdi eguttarakamegaThANANi vnnnnedi|" 03. nandIsUtracUrNi : pR.64 "ThAvijjati tti svarUpataH sthApyate prajJApyaMta ityrthH|" 04. kasAyapAhuDa: 1/113/64-65 "ekko ceva mahappA so duviyappo tilakkhaNo bhnnio| catusaMkamaNAjuto paMcagguNappahANo y|| chakkAyakkamajuto uvajutto sttbhNgisbbhaavo| aTThAsavo NavaTTho jIvo dasaTThANio bhaNio" || 05. Agama sAhitya : manana aura mImAMsA : pR. 96 06. vyavahAra sUtra : pR. 449, "tao therabhUmio paNNattAo, taM jahA-jAithere suyathere, priyaaythere| saTThivAsajAe samaNe Niggathe jAithe re / ThANAMga- samavAyAMgadhare samaNe Niggathe suyathere / vIsavAsapariyAe samaNe Niggathe priyaaythere|" 07. vyavahAra sUtraH 3/3/68, "ThANasamavAyadhare kappaI AyarittAe uvajjhAyattAe gaNavaccheiyattAe uddisittae" 08. (ka) sthAnAMgavRtti : patra 3 (kha) "tatra ca dazAdhyayanAni" 09. sthAnAMga : 1/2 10. vahI: 1/214, "egA titthasiddhANaM vaggaNA evaM jaav|" / 11. vahI: 2/1 "jIvacceva, ajIvacceva, tasacceva, thaavrccev|" 12. vahI: 2.143 "pariNayA ceva, apariNayA cev|"

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141] | sthAnAMga sUtra kA mahattva evaM viSaya vastu 13. vahI: 2/2/48 "NeraiyA dugatiyA duyAgatiyA pnnnnttaa|" 14. sthAnAMga : 2/2/173 15. sthAnAMga: 2/3/239 16. vahI : 2/3/397 17. sthAnAMga: 3/1/2 28. vahI : 3/2/176 "NANabodhI, daMsaNabodhI, crittbodhii|" 19. vahI: 3/3/344 20. vahI: 3/4/426 21. sthAnAMga: 4/1/34 22. vahI: 4/2/259 23. sthAnAMga: 4/3/369, "kaNhalesA, NIla lesA, kAulesA, teulesA" 24. vahI: 4/4/529, "pavAlatAe, patatAe. puSphatAe, phalatAe" 25. vahI: 5/pR.447 26. vahI : 5/1/72, "khaggaM, chatta, upphosaM, pANahAo, bAlavIaNe" 27. vahI: 5/2/123 28. sthAnAMga: 5/3/175 29. vahI: 6/5.5 30, sthAnAMga: 7/25 31. vahI: 8/1/16 32. sthAnAMga 9/12 33. vahI: 10/16 -4/1, o. TI. esa. kvArTara, javAharalAla neharU mArga, jayapura (rAja.)

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sthAnAMga sUtra kA pratipAdya .zrI tilakadhara zAstrI tRtIya aMga-Agama 'sthAnAMga' sUtra meM eka se lekara daza saMkhyAoM meM Agama, darzana, itihAsa, khagola Adi kI vividha jAnakAriyoM ko vargIkRta kiyA gayA hai| isase saMbaddha viSayavastu kA sugamatA se smaraNa ho sakatA hai| pratipAdana meM nayadRSTi rahI hai| AcArya zrI AtmArAma jaina prakAzana samiti, ludhiyAnA se prakAzita sthAnAMgasUtra kI prastAvanA zrI tilakadhara jI zAstrI ne likhI thii| usI kA aMza yahA~ para saMkalita kara prastuta kiyA gayA hai| -sampAdaka 'sthAnAMga' sUtra 11 aMgoM meM tIsarA aMga hai jise hama jaina saMskRti kA 'vizvakoSa' kaha sakate haiN| saMkhyA ke krama se tattvoM ke nAmoM kA saMkalana karane kI sundara zailI meM likhA gayA yaha eka adbhuta grantha hai jo saMbhavata: smaraNa-zakti kI vRddhi ke liye nirmita huA hogaa| sabase pahale 'sthAnAMga' nAma para hI vicAra karanA upayukta hogaa| ___'sthAnAMga' yaha zabdaM 'sthAna' aura 'aMga' ina do zabdoM ke mela se banA hai| sthAna zabda anekArthaka hai, parantu sUtrakAra ko isake do artha abhISTa pratIta hote haiN| 'dezI nAmamAlA' meM sthAna kA artha 'mAna' arthAt parimANa kiyA gayA hai| prastuta Agama meM tattvoM ke eka se lekara dasa taka ke parimANa arthAt saMkhyA kA ullekha hai, ata: ise 'sthAna' kahA gayA hai| 'sthAna' zabda kA artha 'upayukta' bhI hotA hai| prastuta Agama meM tattvoM kA eka, do Adi ke krama se upayukta cunAva kiyA gayA hai, ata: ise 'sthAna' kahA gayA hai| abhiprAya yaha hai ki yaha Agama aisA 'sthAna' hai jisameM tattvoM kI saMkhyA kA upayukta nirdeza kiyA gayA hai| - dUsarA zabda 'aMga' hai| vaidika sAhitya meM pramukha granthoM ko 'saMhitA' athavA 'veda' kahA gayA hai aura unake adhyayana ke liye sahAyaka vividha viSayoM ke zikSA, chanda, vyAkaraNa, jyotiSa, nirukta aura kalpa Adi ke pratipAdaka gauNa granthoM ko aMga kahA gayA hai, parantu jaina sAhitya meM isa zabda kA prayoga pradhAna granthoM ke liye kiyA gayA hai| jaina saMskRti meM dvAdazAMgI ke liye jisa 'gaNipiTaka' zabda kA prayoga kiyA jAtA hai usa gaNipiTaka kA pratyeka grantha eka aMga hai, isIliye jainAcAryoM ne zruta puruSa kI kalpanA karate hue 'gaNipiTaka' ko hI zrutapuruSa kahA hai aura pratyeka Agama ko usakA eka aMga mAnA hai| aMga samUha bhI 'aMga' kahalAtA hai, isIliye zarIra ko aMga kahA gayA hai 'aMga' zabda 'sthAna' ke sAtha milakara yaha dhvanita karatA hai ki yaha Agama eka aisA Agama hai jisameM pratyeka tattva kI saMkhyAkrama se sthApanA kI gaI hai| 'jJAna' AtmA kA aMga hai, yaha Agama eka aisA Agama hai jisameM

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143 sthAnAMga sUtra kA pratipAdya AtmA kI aMgabhUta jJAnarAzi ko eka-do Adi ke krama se sthAna diyA gayA hai / isa artha kI bhI sUcanA de rahA hai 'sthAnAMga' yaha nAma / gaNipiTaka meM 'sthAnoMga sUtra' ko tIsarA sthAna diyA gayA hai jo isake mahattva kA pratipAdana kara rahA hai| vidvAnoM kA vicAra hai ki anya nau AgamoM ke nirmANa ke anantara smRti evaM dhAraNA kI dRSTi se athavA viSaya anveSaNa kI saralatA kI dRSTi se sthAnAMga sUtra aura samavAyAMga sUtra kA nirmANa kiyA gayA hogA aura inheM vizeSa pratiSThA dene ke liye aMgoM meM sthAna de diyA hogaa| parantu yaha tathya buddhi ko apIla nahIM karatA hai| bAta yaha hai ki yadi nau AgamoM ke nirmANa ke anantara sthAnAMga sUtra aura samavAyAMga sUtra kA nirmANa huA hotA to inako tIsarA, cauthA aMga na mAnakara dasavAM gyArahavAM aMga hI mAnA jA sakatA thA, inheM cauthA sthAna dene kI kyA AvazyakatA thI? dasavAM, gyAharavAM sthAna dene para inakI mahattA meM koI antara bhI nahIM A sakatA thA, kyA dasaveM praznavyAkaraNa sUtra aura gyArahaveM vipAka sUtra kI mahattA kama ho gaI hai? mAlUma hotA hai ki AcArAMga aura sUtrakRtAMga ko pahale isaliye rakhA gayA hai ki navadIkSita sAdhu AcAra meM paripakva ho jAe, vaha sAdhu -vRtti ke niyamoM se paricita ho jAe, heya-upAdeya ko jAna jaay| isa prakAra nirantara ATha varSa taka sAdhucaryA meM pariniSThita hokara vaha jJAtavya viSayoM kI nAmAvalI ko jAne, unake sAmAnya rUpa se paricita ho jAya aura phira vaha kramaza: pratyeka viSaya kI vyAkhyA anya AgamoM se prApta kare, isaliye sthAnAMga sUtra ko tIsarA sthAna diyA gayA hogA / sthAnAMga aura samavAyAMga ko buddhigamya kara lene ke anantara eka prakAra se zruta sAdhaka samasta AgamoM kA vettA ho jAtA hai, isaliye AgamakAra use zrutasthavira kahate haiM aura vyavahAra sUtra ke dasaveM uddezaka ke pandahaveM sUtra meM zrutasthavira ko zreSTha batAte hue kahA gayA hai ki vandanA, chando'nuvRtti tathA pUjA satkAra se zruta - sthavira kA vizeSa sammAna karanA caahiye| vahA~ yaha bhI kahA gayA hai ki jo 'sthAnAMga aura samavAyAMga kA adhyetA hai aura ATha varSa kI dIkSAvAlA hai vaha AcArya, upAdhyAya, gaNAvacchedaka, pravartaka Adi padaviyoM ke yogya hotA hai| zAstrakAra kI yaha vyavasthA sthAnAMga sUtra kI mahattA aura usake tRtIya sthAnastha hone ke kAraNa kA nirdeza karatI hai| gaNI, vyavahAra sUtra kA yaha kathana hai ki "aTThavAsapariyAgassa samaNassa NiggaMthassa kappara ThANasamavAe uddisittae" - arthAt ATha varSa kA dIkSita sAdhu sthAnAMga aura samavAyAMga ke adhyayana ke yogya hotA hai, usakA kAraNa bhI yahI batAyA gayA hai ki cAra varSa taka dIkSAparyAya kA AcAraniSTha hokara

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1144 jinavANI- jainAgama-sAhitya vizeSAGaka pAlana karane vAlA sthira-buddhi ho jAtA hai, ata: vaha anya matAvalambyioM se prabhAvita nahIM ho paataa| pA~caveM varSa meM dasa kalpa vyavahAroM ko jAna kara vaha aura bhI dRDha AsthA vAlA ho jAtA hai. ata: isake anantara vaha sthAnAMga aura samavAyAMga kA bhalIbhA~ti adhyayana kara sakatA hai| __yahA~ eka bAta avazya vicAraNIya hai ki kyA sthAnAMga sUtra kA adhyayana kevala ATha varSa kI dIkSA paryAyavAlA sAdhu hI kara sakatA hai ? anya nahIM? kintu AgamoM meM aneka zrAvakoM dvArA sUtroM ke adhyayana kA ullekha prApta hotA hai, ata: isakA yahI Azaya hai ki pUrNa AcAravAna banakara zraddhApUrvaka jJAna ke caudaha aticAroM ko dhyAna meM rakhakara zrAvakazrAvikA varga bhI isakA adhyayana kara sakatA hai| adhyayana saMkhyA sthAnAMga sUtra meM 10 adhyayana haiM aura 10 adhyayanoM kA eka hI zrutaskandha hai| dvitIya, tRtIya aura caturtha adhyayana ke cAra-cAra uddezaka haiM, paMcama adhyayana ke tIna uddezaka haiM aura zeSa cha: adhyayanoM ke eka-eka uddezaka haiN| isa prakAra sthAnAMga sUtra 10 adhyayanoM aura 21 uddezakoM meM vibhakta hai| zrutaskandha sthAnAMga sUtra meM kevala eka zrutaskandha hai| aneka adhyayanoM ke samUha ko skandha kahA jAtA hai| skandha vRkSa ke usa bhAga ko arthAt tane ko kahate haiM jahA~ se aneka zAkhAe~ phUTatI haiN| jaba kisI zruta arthAt zAstra meM varNya viSaya evaM zailI Adi kI dRSTi se aneka vibhAga kiye jAte haiM, unheM zrutaskandha kahate haiN| jaise AcArAMga ko bAhya AcAra aura Antarika AcAra kI dRSTi se do bhAgoM meM bAMTa diyA gayA hai| sUtrakRtAMga ko padya aura gadya kI dRSTi se do bhAgoM meM vibhakta kiyA gayA hai| jJAtAdharma kathA ko ArAdhaka aura virAdhaka kI dRSTi se aura praznavyAkaraNa sUtra ko Asrava aura saMvara kI dRSTi se do-do bhAgoM meM bAMTA gayA hai| isa prakAra ina zAstroM ke do-do zrutaskandha haiM, parantu prastuta sthAnAMga meM eka hI zrutaskandha haiM, kyoMki yahA~ Adi se lekara anta taka eka Adi saMkhyA ke krama se tattva nirUpaNa rUpa viSaya kA pratipAdana kiyA gayA hai| adhyayana jainAgamoM kA viSaya-vibhAga kI dRSTi se jaba vargIkaraNa kiyA jAtA hai taba bar3e prakaraNa ko adhyayana aura choTe prakaraNa ko uddezaka kahA jAtA hai| bar3e prakaraNa ke liye adhyayana zabda kA prayoga kevala jainAgamoM meM hI prayukta huA hai| kabhI-kabhI viSaya-sUcaka zabda ko isake sAtha saMyukta karake samagra adhyayana ke varNya viSaya kA nirdeza kara diyA jAtA hai| jaise

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| sthAnAMga sUtra kA pratipAdya 1451 'akAmamaraNijjamajjhayaNaM' 'akaam-mrnniiymdhyynm'| isa adhyayana-nAma se hI pUre adhyayana ke varNya-viSaya kA bodha ho gayA hai| adhyayana zabda viSaya-grahaNa pUrvaka svAdhyAya kA nirdeza karatA hai, kyoMki adhi apane Apa meM, ayn=gmn| zAstra kA isa prakAra se adhyayana jisase ki adhyetA varNya-viSaya ke sAtha tAdAtmya sthApita karake AtmaniSTha ho jaay| nikSepa ke anusAra nAma-adhyayana, sthApanA-adhyayana, dravya-adhyayana aura bhAva-adhyayana ke rUpa meM cAra prakAra ke adhyayana batAe gae haiM, parantu zAstrakAroM ko cAroM meM se bhAva adhyayana hI vizeSa rUpa se iSTa hai| zAstrakAra use bhAva adhyayana kahate haiM jisake adhyayana se zubha karma meM pravRtti ho, Atma-tattva kA smaraNa ho aura uttarottara jJAna kI vRddhi ho| adhyayana ko 'akSINa' bhI kahA jAtA hai, kyoMki svAdhyAya se jJAna kabhI kSINa nahIM hone paataa| adhyayana ko 'Aya' bhI kahA jAtA hai, kyoMki isase jJAna, darzana aura cAritra kA lAbha hotA hai| adhyayana ko 'kSapaNA' bhI kahate haiM, kyoMki svAdhyAya se jJAnAvaraNIya Adi karmoM kA kSaya hotA hai| sthAnAMga sUtra ke svAdhyAya kI bhI yahI vizeSatA hai, ata: isakA adhyayanoM meM vibhAgIkaraNa kiyA gayA hai| pada saMkhyA / jainAgamoM meM pada saMkhyA kA nirNaya eka jaTila samasyA hai jaise ki samavAyAMga sUtra meM sthAnAMga kI pada saMkhyA 72 hajAra batAI gaI hai| nandIsUtra meM bhI 'bAvatari-paya-sahassA' kaha kara 72 hajAra pada saMkhyA kA hI nirdeza kiyA gayA hai| digambara sampradAya sthAnAMga kI pada saMkhyA 42000 batAtA hai, parantu vartamAna meM upalabdha kisI bhI prati meM yaha padasaMkhyA prApta nahIM hotii| pada kyA hai? vyAkaraNa zAstra meM vibhakti yukta sArthaka zabda ko evaM pratyayAnta dhAtu rUpa ko pada kahA gayA hai| isa dRSTi se "rAma: vanaM gacchati'' isa vAkya meM tIna pada haiN| 'yatrArthopalabdhistatpadam' kI ukti ke anusAra pUrNa artha ke paricAyaka vAkya ko bhI pada kahA jAtA hai| isa dRSTi se "rAma: vanaM gacchati' yaha eka vAkya hI pada hai| zrIharibhadra aura AcArya malayagiri ko pada kI yahI paribhASA iSTa hai| chanda zAstra meM padya kI eka paMkti ko pada kahA jAtA hai| jaise ki "eso paMca NamokkAro' yaha anuSTupa chanda kA eka pada hai| digambara sampradAya artha-pada, pramANa-pada aura madhyamapada bhedoM ke rUpa meM tIna prakAra ke pada mAnatA hai| Upara pradarzita prathama aura dvitIya pada artha pada hai aura chanda zAstrokta pada ko pramANa paTa kahA jA sakatA hai, kyoMki usameM

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1146 jinavANI- jainAgama-sAhitya vizeSAGka akSaroM yA mAtrAoM kA eka nizcita pramANa hotA hai| 16 araba, 34 karor3a, 83 lAkha, 7 hajAra 8 sau 88 akSaroM kA eka madhyama-pada hotA hai| itane akSaroM se 510884621 anuSTup chanda banate haiN| madhyama pada kI gaNanA se yadi sthAnAMga kI pada saMkhyA 42000 mAna lI jAya to sambhavata: pUre jIvana meM koI munIzvara sthAnAMga kA bhI adhyayana na kara pAegA! parantu zAstrakAroM ne likhA hai ki dhannA anagAra ne nau mAsa meM aura arjuna muni ne chaH mahIne meM 11 aMgoM kA adhyayana kara liyA thaa| madhyama pada-parimANa mAna lene para yaha ullekha sarvathA asambhava sA lagatA hai, ata: subanta tiGanta ko pada mAnakara kI jAne vAlI gaNanA kucha buddhi gamya ho sakatI hai| isa dRSTi se sthAnAMga kI pada saMkhyA 72000 svIkAra kI jA sakatI hai| zrI abhayadeva sUri kRta vyAkhyA-sahita Agamodaya samiti dvArA prakAzita sthAnAMga sUtra meM jo saMkhyA dI gaI hai vaha sUtra saMkhyA 783 hI hai| ' battIsa akSaroM se nirdiSTa zloka parimANa ko prAcIna lipikAra 'granthAna' kahA karate the aura ve isI granthAna parimANa se lekhana kA pArizramika liyA karate the| granthAna kI dRSTi se Agamodaya samiti dvArA prakAzita sthAnAMga kI zloka saMkhyA 3700 dI gaI hai (pRSTha 526) parantu bhaNDArakara orieNTala risarca iMsTITyUTa ke vaoNlyUma 17 ke 1-3 bhAgoM meM nirdiSTa sthAnAMga kI pratiyoM meM granthAna saMkhyA 3770 tathA 3750 dI gaI hai| isa prakAra yahA~ zloka saMkhyA meM aikya pratIta nahIM hotA hai| zailI samavAyAMga ke samAna sthAnAMga sUtra kA gumphana saMgraha-pradhAna koSa zailI meM huA hai| kaNThastha karane kI suvidhA kI dRSTi se bahuta prAcIna kAla se bhAratIya sAhityakAra isa zailI kA prayoga karate Ae haiN| mahAbhArata meM vana parva adhyAya 134 meM tathA aMguttara nikAya Adi bauddha granthoM meM isI zailI kA prayoga kiyA gayA hai| prathama sthAna meM eka saMkhyaka vastuoM evaM kriyAoM Adi kA paricaya hone se use 'eka sthAna' yA prathama sthAna kahA gayA hai| dvitIya sthAna meM do saMkhyaka aura tRtIya sthAna meM tIna sNkhyk| isI prakAra kramaza: bar3hate hue anta ke dasaveM sthAna meM dasa saMkhyaka tattvoM kA paricayAtmaka nirUpaNa kiyA gayA hai| dvitIya, tRtIya evaM caturtha sthAna ko viSaya-vibhAga kI dRSTi se 4-4 uddezakoM meM aura paMcama sthAna ko tIna uddezakoM meM vibhakta kara diyA gayA hai| jainAgamoM kI yaha eka apanI viziSTa zailI rahI hai ki yadi kisI eka zAstra meM kisI viSaya kA vistArapUrvaka varNana kiyA jA cukA hai taba

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sthAnAMga sUtra kA pratipAdya 1471 usake anantara usI prakAra kA varNana anyatra Ane para 'jahA bhagavaIe', 'jahA jIvAbhigame' 'jahA pannavaNAe' likhakara pATha ko saMkSipta kara diyA jAtA hai, parantu sthAnAMga meM kevala nauveM sthAna meM- 'jahA samavAe' yaha eka hI sthAna para AyA hai| isase jJAta hotA hai ki sthAnAMga kA saMkalana aura samavAyAMga kA saMkalana sAtha-sAtha huA hogaa| alaga-alaga muni maNDaloM dvArA eka sAtha saMkalana kArya huA hogaa| nauveM sthAna taka lekhana kArya hone para pArasparika parAmarza cala par3A hogA, tabhI nauveM sthAna meM 'jahA samavAe' pATha diyA gayA hai| sthAnAMga kA gaNipiTaka meM tIsarA sthAna isakI prAthamikatA kA dyotaka hai aura sAtha hI isakI pUrNatA kA bhii| sthAnAMga sUtra meM sUtrakAra ne kahIM-kahIM apanI saMgraha-pradhAna koza zailI kA parityAga bhI kara diyA hai, jaise ki caturtha sthAna ke dvitIya uddezaka meM nandIzvara dvIpa kA varNana, bhagavAna vimalavAhana kA varNana, isI prakAra tRtIya sthAna ke dvitIya uddezaka ke anta meM (3/2/47) die gae praznottaroM meM cAritroM aura parvatoM Adi ke paricaya meM bhI saMgraha zailI ko chor3akara varNana zailI ko apanA liyA gayA hai| aisA kyoM haA? yaha nizcita to nahIM kahA jA sakatA, parantu yaha mAnA jA sakatA hai ki isa varNana paramparA meM kisI kI jijJAsA ke samAdhAna kA avasara Ane para use bhI tatkAlIna vAcanI meM ullikhita kara liyA gayA hogA, prazna utpanna huA hogA ki kyA anya kisI tIrthakara ke bhI nau gaNa hue haiM? sUtrakAra ne isakA samAdhAna kara diyA hai, ki bhaviSya meM tIrthakara zrI vimala vAhana jI ke bhI nau gaNa hoNge| saMkhyA dyotaka zailI jainAgamoM meM saMkhyAvAcaka zabdoM kI sthApanA apanI hI zailI meM kI gaI hai, jaise ki 'eka sau ke sthAna para 'dasadasAIM (arthAt dasa guNA dasa saMkhyA) kahA jAtA hai| eka hajAra ke liye 'dasa sayAI arthAt (dasa sau) likhA jAtA hai| isI prakAra 'eka lAkha' ke liye 'dasa-saya-sahassAI pATha prApta hotA hai| isI prakAra tIna kI saMkhyA ke liye 'chacca addha (sthA. 6/19) kA prayoga kiyA gayA hai| isa sUtra meM bharata aura aivata kSetroM meM bhUtakAlIna suSama-suSamA kAla meM manuSya zarIra kI U~cAI cha: hajAra dhanuSa batAI gaI hai, vahIM para unakI Ayu kA nirdeza krama prApta thA, parantu Ayu tIna palyopama kI hai, ata: sUtrakAra ne cha: kI saMkhyA kA krama banAe rakhane ke lie 'chaccaaddhaM arthAt cha: kA AdhA tIna- "tInapalyopama kI AyuvAle' kahA hai| yadi isa Ayu kA nirdeza tRtIya sthAna meM kiyA jAtA to isa prakaraNa ke sAtha usa prakaraNa kA koI saMbaMdha na raha jAtA, ata: 'chacca-addhaM kI zailI ko kliSTa kalpanA nahIM kahA jA sktaa|

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| 148 jinavANI- jainAgama-sAhitya vizeSAGka eka tulanAtmaka adhyayana bhagavAna mahAvIra aura bhagavAna buddha samakAlIna mahApuruSa the aura donoM eka hI kSetra meM pracAra kara rahe the| yaha ThIka hai ki bhagavAna mahAvIra kA tyAga mArga bahuta kaThina thA, ata: bhagavAna mahAvIra ke mArga para calanA pratyeka vyakti ke liye zakya na thA, yahI kAraNa hai ki jaina saMskRti ko eka sImita kSetra meM hI rahanA par3a gayA! jisa samaya bhagavAna mahAvIra apane pravacanoM dvArA 'tattvajJAna' pradarzita kara rahe the, usI samaya bhagavAna buddha bhI tattvajJAna ke prakAzana meM lIna the, donoM mahApuruSa bahuta aMzoM meM samAna tattvajJAna kI bAta kaha rahe the aura zailI bhI donoM kI kahIM-kahIM samAna hI ho gaI hai| sthAnAMga sUtra aura aMguttara-nikAya meM yaha sAmya spaSTa rUpa se dekhA jA sakatA hai jaisA ki nIce likhe uddharaNoM se spaSTa ho rahA haisthAnAMga sUtra (caturtha sthAna) aMguttara nikAya (caturtha nikAya) cattAri udakA paNNattA, taMjahA. cattAro me bhikkhave udakarahadAka tamouttANe NAmege uttANobhAsI, cattAro?-uttAno gambhIro bhAso, uttANe NAmege gaMbhIro bhAsI, gambhIro uttAnobhAso gambhIre NAmege uttANo bhAsI, uttAno uttAno bhAso, gambhIre NAmege gambhIro bhaasii| gambhIro gambhIro bhAso, evameva cattAri purisa jAyA evameva kho bhikkhave cattAro udaka rahayamA pugglaa| ni. 4-104 cattAri mehA paNNattA, taMjahA cattAro me....balAhakA, katame cattAro? gajjittA NAmamege No vAsittA, gajittA no vAssittA, vAsittA NAmamege No gajjittA, vAssittA no gajjittA, ege gajjittA vi, vAsittA vi, no gajjittA, no vAsittA, ege No gajjittA, No vaasittaa| gajjittA ca vAssittA c| evameva cattAri purisjaayaa| evameva cattAro me balAhakUpamA pugglaa| nipA. 4-101 cattAri phalA paNNattA, taMjahA cattArimAni ambAni, katamAni cattAri? Ame NAmege Ama mahure, Ama pakkavaNNi, pakke NAmege Ama mahure, pakkaM AmavaNNi, Ame NAmege pakkamahure, Ama AmavaNi pakke NAmege pakka mahure, pakkaM pakkavaNNi evameva cattAri purisajAyA paNNattA evameva cattAri me ambUpamA pugglaa| ni.4-106 yaha pATha-sAmya aura viSaya-sAmya kA eka nidarzana mAtra upasthita kiyA hai| aMguttara nikAya ke anya anekoM pAThoM meM isI prakAra ke sAmya ko dekhA jA sakatA hai? yadyapi sthAnAMga sUtra meM puruSabheda aura aMguttara nikAya meM pudgala bheda pradarzita karatA jA rahA hai, parantu pudgala kA artha puruSa bhI hotA

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sthAnAMga sUtra kA pratipAdya hai jaisA ki bhagavatI sUtra zataka 20, uddezaka 2, sUtra 664 se jJAta hotA hai| sthAnAga sUtra meM prakSipta aMza anya AgamoM ke samAna sthAnAMga sUtra ko dekhane se jJAta hotA hai ki samyagdRSTi-sampanna gItArtha munIzvaroM ne bhagavAn mahAvIra ke samaya se prApta zrutadhArA meM yatra-tatra kucha hAni evaM vRddhi avazya kI hai| udAharaNa ke rUpa meM sthAnAMga sUtra ke nauveM sthAna meM bhagavAna mahAvIra ke nau gaNoM kA ullekha kiyA gayA hai| jinake nAma hai- godAsagaNa, uttarabalissahagaNa, uddehagaNa, cAraNagaNa, UrdhvavAtikagaNa, vizvavAtigaNa, kAmaDDhitagaNa, mANavagaNa aura koddingnn| kalpasUtra meM kAmaDDhitagaNa kA koI ullekha prApta nahIM hotaa| yadi kalpasUtra varNita kAmaDDhita kula se isakI utpatti mAna bhI lI jAya to bhI ina saba gaNoM kA nirmANa bhagavAna mahAvIra ke kAla se lagabhaga do sau varSa se lekara pA~ca sau varSa bAda taka mAnA jAtA hai, ata: sthAnAMga sUtra meM inakA ullekha gaNoM ke nirmANa ke bAda hI huA hogA aura ise kisI gItArtha muni kI saMyojanA hI kahA jA sakatA hai| isI prakAra sthAnAMga meM sAta ninhavoM kA ullekha milatA hai jinake nAma haiM- jamAli, tiSyagupta, ASAr3ha, azvamitra, gaMga, rohagupta aura gosstthaamaahil| inameM se jamAli aura tiSyagupta to bhagavAna mahAvIra ke samakAlIna the, parantu zeSa nihavoM kA kAla bhagavAna mahAvIra ke nirvANa varSa ke tIna sau sAla se lekara cha: sau sAla bAda taka kA mAnA jAtA hai| aisI dazA meM sthAnAMga ke bhItara inakA ullekha isameM honevAlI vRddhi kA pramANa hI upasthita karatA hai| ata: kSamAzramaNa devarddhigaNI taka anya zAstroM ke samAna sthAnAMga meM bhI hAni-vRddhi svIkAra kI jA sakatI hai| isake anantara zAstroM kA rUpa sthira ho gayA hogA,aisA pratIta hotA hai| pratipAdya viSaya kI vividhatA __ yaha kahanA atyukti na hogI ki sthAnAMga pratipAdya viSaya ke vaividhya kI dRSTi se vizvakoSa hai| jo isa mahAgrantha meM hai usakA vistAra anya sabhI AgamoM meM vidyamAna hai aura jo sabhI AgamoM meM hai vaha akele sthAnAMga meM hai| tIrthaMkara- sthAnAMga meM bIsa tIrthaMkaroM ke nAma prApta hote haiM, jaise- zrI RSabhadeva, zrI saMbhavajI, zrI abhinandana jI, zrI padmaprabha jI, zrI candraprabha jI, zrI puSpadanta jI, zrI zItalanAtha jI, zrI vAsupUjya jI, zrI vimala jI, zrI anantaprabhu jI, zrI dharmanAtha jI, zrI zAntinAtha jI, zrI kuMthunAtha jI, zrI aranAtha jI, zrI mallinAtha jI, zrI munisuvrata jI, zrI naminAtha jI, zrI ariSTanemi jI, zrI pArzvanAtha jI, zrI mahAvIra svaamii| ina bIsa tIrthakaroM kA Ayu, dehamAna, antara Adi kI dRSTi se jisakA jisa sthAna meM varNana ho sakA hai vaha kiyA gayA hai| parantu varNya viSaya ke rUpa meM zrI ajita nAtha jI,

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150 jinavANI- jainAgama-sAhitya vizeSAGka zrI sumatinAtha jI, zrI supArzvanAtha jI aura zrI zreyAMsa nAtha jI kA varNana nahIM ho skaa| cakravartI - isa sUtra meM bAraha cakravartiyoM ke nAmoM kA ullekha karate hue zAstrakAra ne unakA do rUpoM meM varNana kiyA hai| bharata, sagara, maghava, sanat kumAra, zAnti, kuMthu, ara, mahApadma, hariSeNa aura jaya / ye dasa cakravartI aise haiM jinhoMne saMyama patha ko apanA kara parama pada prApta kiyaa| subhUma aura brahmadatta ye do aise cakravartI hue haiM jinhoMne saMyama se vimukha hokara mahArambhI aura mahAparigrahI banakara viSaya sarovara meM kiloleM kIM aura anta meM naraka nivAsa kara duHkha bhoga rahe haiN| karmoM kI dRSTi meM kisI kA pakSapAta nahIM hai, cAhe cakravartI ho aura cAhe sAdhAraNa jana, jo jaisA karatA hai vaisA bharatA hai, yaha aTala siddhAnta hai| jIva vijJAna - sthAnAMga sUtra ke dvitIya sthAna meM batAyA gayA hai ki dvIndriya se lekara caturindriya jIvoM taka ke zarIra meM haDDiyA~, mAMsa aura rakta nAmaka tIna padArtha hote haiN| paMcendriya jIvoM evaM sabhI tiryaMca prANiyoM kA zarIra mAMsa, rakta, haDDiyoM, snAyuoM aura zirAoM se banA huA hotA hai| bhUgola- yaha ThIka hai ki prAcIna zAstroM meM varNita bhUgola Adhunika bhUgola se pUrNatayA mela nahIM khAtA, kyoMki samaya-sayama para bhUgolIya vAtAvaraNa, pRthvI kI sthiti aura usa sthiti ke badalane se nadiyoM Adi ke pravAha kI bhinnatA ho jAtI hai, phira bhI zAstrIya varNana ke kucha bhAga bhUgola para prakAza DAlate hI haiM, jaise ki- sthAnAMga sUtra meM gaMgA aura sindhu kA mahAnadiyoM ke rUpa meM varNana kiyA gayA hai, kyoMki ye nadiyA~ aneka nadiyoM ko sAtha meM lekara sAgara meM praviSTa hotI haiN| inake atirikta gaMgA, yamunA, sarayU, airAvatI aura mahI nAmaka vizAla nadiyoM kA bhI varNana yathAsthAna prApta hotA hai| varSadhara parvata jinheM sImA nirmANa karane vAle kahA gayA hai sambhavataH ve ho sakate haiM jinase mAnasUna havAe~ TakarA kara varSA karatI haiN| inake atirikta himAlaya se uttara kI ora bahane vAlI suvarNakUlA, raktA, raktavatI Adi nadiyA~ aba parivartita nAmoM ke sAtha haiM yA nahIM yaha bhUgola vettAoM ke liye anveSaNa kA viSaya hai / taptajalA, mattajalA, unmattajalA Adi nadiyA~ bhI khoja kA viSaya haiM, kyoMki himAlaya ke himAcchAdita pradezoM meM aba bhI aise tapta jala ke srota vidyamAna haiM jinakA jala taptajalA nadiyoM ke rUpa meM pravAhita hotA hai| gaMgotrI ke pAsa eka aisA srota hai jisameM DAle hue AlU evaM cAvala Adi ubala jAte haiN| Adhunika zeSadhArA jaisI caTTAnoM se TakarAkara uchalane vAle jala se pUrita nadiyoM meM se taba koI mattajalA aura unmattajalA bhI rahI hogI / kucha mahAdoM kA bhI varNana kiyA gayA hai, himAlaya kI himAcchAdita

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sthAnAMga sUtra kA pratipAdya 1511 evaM himAcchAdana se rahita jhIleM mahAhadoM ke rUpa meM pahacAnI jA sakatI haiN| kSIrodA (jisakA jala dUdha jaisA dikhAI de), zItasrotA aura antarvAhinI (barpha ke yA caTTAnoM ke nIce hI nIce bahane vAlI anekaza: nadiyA~), meru (saMbhavata: gaurIzaMkara parvata) ke Asa-pAsa dekhI jA sakatI haiN| isI prakAra isa viSaya ke antargata bhUkampa ke kAraNoM Adi kI vivecanA evaM ghanavAta. ghanodadhi Adi para avalambita pRthvI kA varNana bhUgolIya anveSaNoM kI mUlAbhitti prastuta karate haiN| khagolIya varNana- isa viSaya ke mUla tattvoM para bhI sthAnAMga sUtra ke dvArA thor3A bahuta prakAza avazya par3atA hai| jyotiSa-zAstra meM aTThAIsa nakSatra batAe gae haiM, unake adhiSThAtA devoM ke nAmoM kA yahA~ ullekha hai| inake atirikta 88 grahoM kA ullekha bhI dvitIya sthAna ke tRtIya uddezaka meM prApta hotA hai| Adhunika khagolazAstriyoM ne nau grahoM ke atirikta kucha anya harSala Adi grahoM kA bhI patA lagAyA hai, ho sakatA hai ki ve sthAnAMga meM varNita 88 grahoM ke antargata hI hoM, parantu unake nAma sthAnAMga hI batAegA, cAhe nae nAma rakha liye jaaeN| sthAna-sthAna para nakSatra aura candra yoga para bhI prakAza DAlA gayA hai| sAtha hI kisa-kisa pradhAna nakSatra ke sAtha kitane anya tAroM kA saMbaMdha hai isa viSaya kI bhI vivecanA kI gaI hai| khagola-zAstra ke antargata sthAnAMga ke tIsare sthAna meM alpavRSTi aura ativRSTi ke bhI tIna-tIna kAraNa batAe gae haiN| unameM se jalIya pudgaloM (paramANuoM) ke abhAva yA adhikatA vAlA kAraNa to vijJAna sammata hI hai| deva, bhUta, nAga yakSa Adi kI samyak pUjA kA honA yA na honA rUpa jo kAraNa suvRSTi yA anAvRSTi ke liye pradarzita kiyA gayA hai, vaha tatkAlIna samAja kI deva-pUjA parAyaNatA para prakAza DAlatA hai aura ho sakatA hai usa para vaidika devavAda kA bhI prabhAva ho, kyoMki yajJoM dvArA saMtuSTa deva hI vahA~ suvRSTi ke kAraNa mAne gae haiN| vAyu dvArA jalIya pudgaloM ko anyatra khIMca le jAnA athavA khIMcakara usa sthAna para lAnA rUpa kAraNa alpavRSTi evaM suvRSTi ke liye ucita hI haiN| navama sthAna meM zukragraha kI haya-vIthI, gajavIthI, nAgavIthI, vRSabha vIthI, go-vIthI, uragavIthI, ajavIthI, mitravIthI aura vaizvAnara-vIthI ye nau vIthiyA~ batAI gaI haiN| ye nau vIthiyAM kyA haiM aura inakA kyA prabhAva hai yaha saba adhyayana kA viSaya hai| dazama sthAna meM kahA gayA hai ki kattikA aura anurAdhA ye do nakSatra candra ke sabhI bAhya maNDaloM meM se dasaveM maNDala meM paribhramaNa karate haiN| yaha candra se kRttikA evaM anurAdhA nakSatra kI mANDalika dUrI kA varNana jyotiSa

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zAstriyoM ke anveSaNa kA viSaya hai| jyotiSa zAstra ke anusAra kRttikA aura anurAdhA eka dUsare ke sAmane rahanevAle nakSatra haiM, kyoMki maNDalAkRti meM 28 nakSatroM meM kRttikA ke sAmane 14veM nakSatra ke rUpa meM anurAdhA hI AtA hai| isI prakaraNa meM jJAnavRddhi karane vAle dasa nakSatra batAe gae haiMmRgazirA, ArdrA, puSya, tInoM pUrvA, mUla, AzleSA, hasta aura citraa| muhUrta cintAmaNi me bhI vidyArambha ke liye inhIM nakSatroM ko zreSTha mAnA gayA hai| Ayurveda- aSTama sthAna meM kumAra-bhRtya (bAla cikitsA) kAya-cikitsA (zArIrika zAstra) zAlAkya (A~kha, nAka, kAna, mastiSka aura gale kI vizeSa cikitsA, Aja bhI elopaithI meM ina aMgoM kA vizeSa adhyayana bhinna rUpa se karavAyA jAtA hai), zalya-cikitsA (oNprezana) jaMgolI (sAMpa, bicchU Adi ke viSa kI cikitsA evaM inake viSoM ke nAnAvidha prayoga), bhUta vidyA (bhUta-preta Adi ke zamana kA shaastr| aba pazcima meM bhI isakA vikAsa 'parAvidyA' ke antargata ho rahA hai), kSAratantra (yavakSAra, caNakakSAra, Adi dvArA kI jAne vAlI cikitsA, Aja kI bAyokaimika praNAlI 12 kSAroM para hI nirbhara hai), rasAyana (dhAtuoM, ratnoM evaM pArada gandhaka Adi dravyoM dvArA taiyAra kI gaI auSadhiyoM dvArA cikitsA jise vizeSata: bala-vIrya kI vRddhi ke liye prayukta kiyA jAtA hai) ina ATha rUpoM meM usa samaya pracalita Ayurveda kI cikitsA-paddhatiyoM kA yahA~ ullekha kiyA gayA hai| sAtha hI navama sthAna meM rogotpatti ke nau kAraNa batAte hue likhA haiati AhAra, arucikara bhojana, atinidrA, ati jAgaraNa, malavega kA rokanA, mUtra vega kA rokanA, ati calanA, pratikUla AhAra aura kAmavega kA rokanA yA ati viSaya-sevana Adi rogotpatti ke kAraNa haiN| ye kAraNa lokaprasiddha evaM sarvamAnya haiN| isI prakAra nau prakAra kA Ayu-parimANa, dasa prakAra kA bala, dasa prakAra kI tRNavanaspatiyA~, tIna prakAra kI paricAraNA, tIna prakAra ke maithuna seviyoM ke bheda, mAtA se milane vAle tIna aMga, pitA se milane vAle tIna aMga, manuSya aura tiryacoM kI zukra aura zoNita se utpatti, tIna-tIna ke cAra samUhoM meM strIyoni ke bheda, binA puruSa saMsarga ke garbha dhAraNa ke pA~ca kAraNa, saMsarga hone para bhI garbhAdhAna na hone ke pA~ca kAraNa Adi viSaya Ayurveda se hI sambandhita haiN| manovijJAna- dasaveM sthAna meM varNita krodhotpatti ke dasa kAraNa, abhimAna hone ke dasa sthAna, dasa prakAra kI sukhAnubhUti, dasa prakAra ke saMkleza, duHkhAnubhUti ke kAraNa Adi viSayoM kA vivecana manovijJAna kA hI viSaya hai| bhautika vijJAna- zabda bhI pudgalAtmaka hai arthAt zabda ke bhI paramANu hote haiM, Aja taka yaha siddhAnta zabda zAstriyoM ko svIkArya nahIM thA, parantu aba

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sthAnAMga sUtra kA pratipAdya 1531 bhautika vijJAna ne zabda paramANu kA honA siddha kara diyA hai| zabda kI paribhASA karate hue jaina siddhAnta dIpikA meM kahA gayA hai ki "saMhanyamAnAnAM bhidyamAnAnAM dhvanirUpa: pariNAmaH zabdaH' arthAt TUTate hue skandhoM kA dhvani rUpa pariNAma zabda hai| isake prAyogika aura vainasika do bheda mAne gae haiN| prAyogika zabda, jisakA uccAraNa prayatnapUrvaka hotA hai, vaha bhASAtmaka (artha-pratipAdaka) aura abhASAtmaka (tata, vitata, dhana, suSira Adi nAnAvidha vAdyoM ke zabda) rUpoM meM do prakAra kA hotA hai| vainasika zabda meghAdi se utpanna svAbhAvika dhvani ko kahA jAtA hai| sthAnAMga meM dvitIya sthAna ke tRtIya uddezaka meM zabda ke bhASA (bhASAtmaka) no bhASA (abhASAtmaka) do bheda batAe gae haiN| punaH zabda ke do bheda batAe gae haiM- akSara saMbaddha aura noakSara saMbaddha (dhvnyaatmk)| no akSara saMbaddha ke hI yahA~ tata, vitata, ghana aura suSira Adi bheda kie gae haiN| zabdotpatti ke do kAraNa batAe gae haiM- pudgaloM ke paraspara milane se aura pudgaloM ke paraspara bheda se| pudgala-bheda zabda hI paramANu visphoTa kI ora saMketa kara rahA hai| paramANu vijJAna para jaina saMskRti ne jo kucha kahA hai vaha Adhunika bhautika vijJAna kI kasauTI para zata pratizata kharA utara rahA hai| kAvya nATya Adi sthAnAMga ke cauthe sthAna meM cAra prakAra ke vAdyoM tata (vINA Adi), vitata (Dhola, tabalA Adi), ghana (ghugharU, kAMsa tAla Adi), suSira (bAMsurI Adi) kA varNana hai| cAra prakAra ke nATya (nRtya) Thahara-Thahara kara nAcanA, saMgIta ke sAtha nAcanA, saMketoM dvArA bhAva prakaTa karate hue nAcanA aura jhuka kara yA leTakara nAcanA kA varNana kiyA gayA hai| isI prakAra cAra prakAra ke gAyana batAe gae haiM- nRtya-gAyana, chanda-gAyana, avarohapUrvaka gAyana, Aroha pUrvaka gaayn| isI prakaraNa meM cAra prakAra kI puSpa racanA, cAra prakAra ke zArIrika alaMkAra, cAra prakAra ke abhinaya Adi kA varNana sthAnAMga kI viSaya vividhatA kA spaSTa pramANa hai| gadya, padya, kathya (kathA-kahAnI) aura geya rUpa meM cAra prakAra ke kAvya bhedoM kA tathA dazama sthAna meM dasa prakAra ke zuddha vAkyoM ke prayoga Adi ke rUpa meM varNya-viSaya ne kAvya jagata ko hI sparza kiyA hai, sthAnAMga yaha pramANita kara rahA hai| mAnavIya vRttiyoM kA adhyayana- sthAnAMga sUtra meM mAnavIya svabhAva kA paricaya dene vAle sUtra saba se adhika haiN| kahIM vRkSoM se, kahIM vastroM se, kahIM koramaMjarI se, kahIM kUTAgAra-zAlA se, kahIM vRSabha se, kahIM hastI se, kahIM zaMkha, dhUma, agni zikhA, vanakhaNDa, senA, pakSI, yAna, yugma, sArathI, phala,

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jinavANI- jainAgama- sAhitya vizeSAGaka bAdala, kumbha Adi se samatA karate hue saikar3oM rUpoM meM mAnavIya vRttiyoM kA isa sUtra meM varNana kiyA gayA hai| udAharaNa ke rUpa meM vRkSa cAra prakAra ke hote haiM- patrayukta, puSpayukta, phalayukta, chaayaayukt| isI prakAra manuSya bhI cAra prakAra ke hote haiM- patrayukta vRkSa ke samAna kevala chAyA meM Azraya dene vAle / puSpavAle vRkSa ke samAna (kevala sadvicAra dene vAle) / phalayukta vRkSa ke samAna (anna-vastrAdi dene vAle) aura chAyA yukta vRkSa ke samAna (zAnti surakSA aura sukha dene vaale)| eka anya udAharaNa meM kahAgayA hai- megha cAra prakAra ke hote haiM1. eka megha garjatA hai, barasatA nahIM / 2. eka megha barasatA hai, garjatA nahIM / 3. eka megha garjatA bhI hai aura barasatA bhI hai| 4. eka megha na garjatA hai, na barasatA hai / isI prakAra puruSa bhI cAra prakAra ke hAte haiM1. kucha vyakti bolate haiM, para dete kucha nahIM / 2. kucha vyakti bolate haiM aura dete bhI haiN| 3. kucha vyakti dete haiM, para bolate nahIM / 4. kucha vyakti na bolate haiM aura na dete haiN| isa sUtra meM kevala megha, bijalI, garjana, varSaNa Adi se saMbaMdha jor3ate hue sAta rUpoM meM megha ke adhyayana ke mAdhyama se manuSya svabhAva kA vizleSaNa kiyA gayA hai| isa prakAra lagabhaga 100 upameya - upamAnoM ke rUpa meM upameyoM ke vizleSaNa ke sAtha-sAtha upamAnoM ke rUpa meM manuSya-svabhAva kA vizleSaNa karate hue sUtrakAra ne mAnavatA ko hara pahalU se pahacAnane kA prayatna kiyA hai| isa prakAra sthAnAMga sUtra ke mAdhyama se zAstrakAra ne jIvana kA sarvAMgINa adhyayana prastuta kiyA hai| saMdarbha 1. sthAne hRSIkeza tava prakIrtyA-gItA 2. jaina sAhitya kA bRhad itihAsa pR. 172 pariyAyathere / saTThivAsaja e samaNe NiggaMthe suyadhere, - sthAnAMga 3 / 3 / 165 3. tao therabhUmIo paNNattAo, taMjahA- jAithere, suttathere, samaNe NiggaMthe jAtithere, ThANAMga- samavAya-dhareNa vIsavAsa - pariyAe NaM samaNe NiggaMthe pariyAyathere / 4. sUtrakRtAMge trayANAM triSaSTyAdhikAnAM pASaNDikazatAnAM dRSTayaH prarUpyante tato hInaparyAyo matibhedena mithyAtvaM yAyAt / caturvarSa - paryAyasya dharme'vagADhamatirbhavati, tataH kusamayairnApahriyate, tena caturvarSa-paryAyasya taduddeSTumanujJAtam - tathA paMcavarSo'pavAdasya yogya iti kRtvA paMcavarSasya dazakalpavyavahArAn dadAti / tathA paMcAnAM varSANAmupariparyAyo nikRSTa ucyate, tena kAraNena sthAne samavAye navAdhItena zrutasthavirA bhavanti tena kAraNena taduddezanaM prativikRSTaparyAyo gRhItastathA sthAnaM samavAyazca 1

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mahardhikaM prAyeNa dvAdazAnAmapyaMgAnAM tena sUcanAditi tena tatparikarmitamatau dazavarSaparyAye vyAkhyAprajJaptiruddizyate / - bhASyakAra 5. suptiGantaM padam / 6. chaccaaddha-paliovamAI paramAuM pAlaittA / 7. dvIndriya jIva- tvacA aura rasanendriya vAle, trIndriya jIva tvacA, rasanA aura nAka vaale| caturindriya jIva tvacA, rasanA, nAka aura A~kha vAle / paMcendriya jIva tvacA, rasanA, nAka, A~kha aura kAna vAle /

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samavAyAMga sUtra - eka paricaya 0 zrI dharmacanda jaina samavAyAMga meM sUtra eka se lekara koTi saMkhyA taka ke tathyoM kA samavAya rUpa meM saMkalana hai| ise sthAnAMga sUtra kA pUraka Agama kahA jA sakatA hai| sthAnAMga aura samavAyAMga kA jJAtA hI AcArya, upAdhyAya jaise padoM ko grahaNa kara sakatA hai| samavAyAMga sUtra 'meM saMkhyAoM ke mAdhyama se vividha prakAra ke tathyoM kI jAnakArI hotI hai, yathA1. tIrthaMkara mahAvIra, pArzvanAtha, ariSTanemI, naminAtha, munisuvrata, mallinAtha, aranAtha, kunthunAtha, zAntinAtha, vAsupUjya, zreyAMsanAtha, zItalanAtha, suvidhinAtha, supArzvanAtha, RSabhadeva Adi ke saMbaMdha meM vividha jAnakAriyA~, yathA- unakI avagAhanA, gaNa, gaNadhara, avadhijJAnI, manaH paryavajJAnI Adi / 2. cakravartI, vAsudeva, baladeva, vimAna, parvata Adi kI jAnakArI ! 3. dvAdazAGga kI jaankaarii| 4. devoM aura nArakoM tathA unake AvAsoM kI jAnakArI / 5. karmasiddhAnta saMbaMdhI jAnakArI, yathA - vibhinna karma - prakRtiyoM kI saMkhyA evaM unake nAma, bandha hetu / 6. dharma evaM cAritra saMbaMdhI jAnakArI, yathA- dazavidha dharma, saMyama, parISahajaya, brahmacarya Adi / 7. jIva, ajIva, AhAra, zvAsocchvAsa, kAlacakra, jyotiSa, jJAna, loka, puNya-pApa, Asrava - saMvara, nirjarA mokSa, kaSAya, samudghAta, madasthAna Adi ke saMbaMdha meM jAnakArI / lekhaka ne samavAyAnusAra viSayavastu se paricita karAyA hai| - sampAdaka zramaNa bhagavAna mahAvIra kI anupama Adeya vANI kA saMkalana sarvaprathama unake pradhAna ziSya gaNadharoM ne bAraha aMgoM ke rUpa meM kiyaa| unameM caturtha aMga samavAyAMga sUtra ke nAma se jAnA jAtA hai| samavAyAMga sUtra jaina siddhAnta kA koSa grantha hai / sAmAnya janoM ko jaina dharma se saMbaMdhita viSayoM kA isase bodha prApta hotA hai| isa sUtra kI pratipAdana zailI anUThI hai| isameM pratiniyata saMkhyA vAle padArtho kA eka se lekara sau sthAna taka kA vivecana kiyA gayA hai| sAtha hI dvAdazAMga gaNipiTaka evaM vividha viSayoM kA paricaya bhI prApta hotA hai| AcArya abhayadeva ke anusAra- prastuta Agama meM jIva, ajIva Adi padArthoM kA pariccheda yA samAveza hai| ataH isa Agama kA nAma 'samavAya' yA 'samavAo' hai| AcArya devavAcaka ne samavAyAMga kI viSaya vastu isa prakAra se kahI hai1. jIva, ajIva, loka, aloka evaM sva samaya, para samaya kA samAveza / 2. eka se lekara sau taka kI saMkhyA kA vikaas| 3. dvAdazAMga gaNipiTaka kA paricaya | nadIsUtra meM samavAyAMga sUtra ke paricaya meM 1,44,000 pada aura saMkhyAta akSara batalAye haiN| vartamAna meM yaha sUtra 1667 zloka parimANa hai| isameM krama se pRthvI, AkAza, pAtAla, tInoM lokoM ke jIva Adi samasta tattvoM kA dravya, kSetra kAla aura bhAva kI dRSTi se eka se lekara koTAnukoTi saMkhyA taka paricaya diyA gayA hai| isameM AdhyAtmika tattvoM, tIrthakara, gaNadhara cakravartI aura vAsudeva se

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samavAyAma saMbaMdhita varNana ke sAtha bhUgola, khagola Adi kI sAmagrI kA saMkalana bhI kiyA gayA hai| AcArya devavAcaka jI ne kahA ki samavAyAMga meM koSa zailI atyanta prAcIna hai / smaraNa karane kI dRSTi se yaha zailI atyadhika upayogI rahI hai| samavAyAMga sUtra meM dravya kI dRSTise jIva, pudgala, dharma, adharma, AkAza Adi kA nirUpaNa kiyA gayA hai| kSetra kI dRSTi se loka, aloka, siddhazilA Adi kA varNana kiyA gayA hai| kAla kI dRSTi se samaya, AvalikA, muhUrta Adi se lekara palyopama, sAgaropama, utsarpiNI, avasarpiNI aura pudgala parAvartana evaM cAra gati ke jIvoM kI sthiti Adi para vicAra kiyA gayA hai| bhAva kI dRSTi se jJAna, darzana, cAritra, vIrya Adi jIva ke bhAvoM tathA varNa, gandha, rasa, sparza, saMsthAna Adi ajIva ke bhAvoM kA bhI varNana kiyA gayA hai| prathama samavAya * samavAyAMga sUtra ke prathama samavAya meM jIva, ajIva Adi tattvoM kA vivecana karate hue AtmA, anAtmA, daNDa, adaNDa, kriyA, akriyA, loka- aloka, dharmAstikAya, adharmAstikAya, puNya, pApa bandha, mokSa, Asrava, saMvara, vedanA, nirjarA Adi ko saMgraha naya kI apekSA se eka-eka batalAyA gayA hai| / tatpazcAt eka lAkha yojana kI lambAI, caur3AI vAle jambUdvIpa, sarvArtha siddha vimAna Adi kA ullekha hai| eka sAgara kI sthiti vAle nAraka, deva Adi kA varNana bhI isameM upalabdha hai| dvitIya samavAya dUsare samavAya meM do prakAra ke daNDa, do prakAra ke baMdha, do rAzi, pUrvA phAlgunI aura uttarAphAlgunI nakSatra ke do tAre, nArakIya aura devoM kI do palyopama aura do sAgaropama kI sthiti, do bhava karake mokSa jAne vAle bhavasiddhika jIvoM kA varNana kiyA gayA hai| artha daNDa, anartha daNDa kA vivecana karane ke pazcAt jIva rAzi ajIva rAzi kA vivecana kiyA gayA hai tathA bandha ke do prakAroM meM rAgabandha aura dveSa bandha ye do bheda batalAye haiN| rAga meM mAyA aura lobha kA tathA dveSa meM krodha aura mAna kA samAveza kiyA gayA hai| dUsare samavAya ke aneka sUtra sthAnAMga sUtra meM bhI dekhe jA sakate haiN| tRtIya samavAya * tIsare samavAya meM tIna daNDa, tIna gupti, tIna zalya, tIna gaurava, tIna virAdhanA, tIna tAre, naraka aura devoM kI tIna palyopama va tIna sAgaropama kI sthiti vAloM kA vivecana karane ke sAtha hI tIna bhava karake mukta hone vAle bhavasiddhika jIvoM kA bhI varNana kiyA gayA hai| jJAna, darzana, cAritra rUpa ratnatraya kA ullekha bhI isa samavAya meM upalabdha hai| caturtha samavAya caturtha samavAya meM cAra kaSAya, cAra dhyAna, cAra vikathAe~, cAra saMjJAe~, cAra prakAra ke baMdha, anurAdhA pUrvASADhA ke tAroM, nArakI va devoM kI cAra palyopama va cAra sAgaropama kI sthiti kA ullekha karane ke sAtha hI cAra bhava karake mokSa meM jAne vAle bhavasiddhika jIvoM kA bhI kathana kiyA gayA hai|

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158 pA~cavA~ samavAya pA~caveM samavAya meM pAMca kriyA, pAMca mahAvrata, pAMca kAmaguNa, pAMca AsravadvAra, pAMca tAre, nAraka devoM kI pAMca palyopama va pAMca sAgaropama kI sthiti kA varNana karane ke sAtha hI pAMca bhava karake mokSa meM jAne vAle bhavasiddhika jIvoM kA bhI ullekha kiyA gayA hai| jinavANI- jainAgama-sAhitya vizeSAGka chaThA samavAya chaThe samavAya meM chaha lezyA, cha: jIvanikAya, chaha bAhya tapa, chaha Abhyantara tapa, chaha chadmasthoM ke samudghAta, chaha arthAvagraha, chaha tAre, nAraka devoM kI chaha palyopama tathA chaha sAgaropama kI sthiti vAloM kA varNana karake chaha bhava grahaNa kara mukta hone vAle bhavasiddhika jIvoM kA kathana kiyA gayA hai| sAtavA~ samavAya sAtaveM samavAya meM sAta prakAra ke bhaya, sAta prakAra ke samudghAta, bhagavAna mahAvIra kA sAta hAtha U~cA zarIra, jambUdvIpa meM sAta varSadhara parvata, sAta dvIpa, bArahaveM guNasthAna meM sAta karmoM kA vedana, sAta tAre va sAta nakSatra batAye gaye haiM / nAraka aura devoM kI sAta palyopama kI tathA sAta sAgaropama kI sthiti kA bhI ullekha kiyA gayA hai tathA sAta bhava grahaNa karake mukti meM jAne vAle jIvoM kA bhI varNana hai| | AThavA~ samavAya AThaveM samavAya meM ATha madasthAna, ATha pravacana mAtA, vANavyantara devoM ke ATha yojana U~ce caitya vRkSa Adi, kevalI samudghAta ke ATha samaya, bhagavAna pArzvanAtha ke ATha gaNadhara, candramA ke ATha nakSatra, nAraka devoM kI ATha palyopama va ATha sAgaropama kI sthiti kA kathana karane ke sAtha hI ATha bhava karake mokSa jAne vAle bhavasiddhika jIvoM kA varNana bhI kiyA gayA hai| nauvA~ samavAya navama samavAya nava brahmacarya kI gupti rUpa vAr3a, nava brahmacarya ke adhyayana, bhagavAna pArzvanAtha ke zarIra kI nau hAtha kI U~cAI, vANavyantara devoM kI sabhA nau yojana kI U~cI, darzanAvaraNIya karma kI nau prakRtiyAM, nAraka devoM kI nau palyopama aura nau sAgaropama kI sthiti tathA nau bhava karake mokSa jAne vAle bhavasiddhika jIvoM kA varNana hai| dasavA~ samavAya dasaveM samavAya meM zramaNa ke dasa dharma, citta-samAdhi ke dasa sthAna, sumeru parvata kI mUla meM dasa hajAra yojana caur3AI, bhagavAna ariSTanemI, kRSNa-vAsudeva, baladeva kI dasa dhanuSa kI U~cAI, jJAnavRddhikAraka dasa nakSatra, dasa kalpavRkSa, nAraka devoM kI dasa hajAra varSa dasa palyopama va dasa sAgaropama kI sthiti kA varNana karane ke sAtha hI dasa bhava grahaNa karake mokSa meM jAne vAle bhavasiddhika jIvoM kA bhI kathana kiyA gayA hai| , gyArahavA~ samavAya gyArahaveM samavAya meM zrAvaka kI gyAraha pratimAe~, bhagavAna mahAvIra ke

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| samavAyAMga sUtra - eka paricaya 1591 gyAraha gaNadhara, mUla nakSatra ke gyAraha tAre, graiveyaka tathA nArakoM va devoM kI gyAraha palyopama aura gyAraha sAgaropama kI sthiti kA varNana hai tathA gyAraha bhava karake mokSa prApta karane vAle bhavasiddhika jIvoM kA ullekha bhI isameM hai| bArahavA~ samavAya bArahaveM samavAya meM bhikSu kI bAraha pratimAe~, bAraha prakAra ke saMbhoga (samAna samAcArI vAle zramaNoM ke sAtha milakara khAna-pAna, vastra-pAtra, AdAna-pradAna, dIkSA-paryAya ke anusAra vinaya-vaiyAvRtya karanA 'saMbhoga' kahalAtA hai|) kRtikarma (khamAsamaNo) ke bAraha Avartana, vijayA rAjadhAnI kI bAraha lAkha yojana kI lambAI-caur3AI batalAyI gayI hai| maryAdA puruSottama zrI rAmacandra jI kI umra bAraha sau varSa, jaghanya dina rAtri kA kAlamAna bAraha muhUrta, sarvArtha siddha mahAvimAna kI cUlikA se bAraha yojana Upara siddhazilA, siddhazilA ke bAraha nAma, nArakI devoM kI bAraha palyopama, bAraha sAgaropama, kI sthiti kA kathana karake bAraha bhava grahaNa karake mukti prApta karane vAle bhavasiddhika jIvoM kA ullekha kiyA gayA hai| terahavA~ samavAya terahaveM samavAya meM kriyA-sthAna ke teraha bheda, IzAna kalpa ke teraha vimAnapAthar3e, bArahaveM pUrva meM teraha nAmaka vastu kA adhikAra, garbhaja, tiryaMca paMcendriya meM teraha yoga, sUryamaNDala eka yojana ke ikasaTha bhAgoM meM se teraha bhAga kama vistAra vAlA, nArakI va devoM meM teraha palyopama, teraha sAgaropama kI sthiti kA nirUpaNa hone ke sAtha hI teraha bhava grahaNa karake mokSa pAne vAloM kA bhI kathana kiyA gayA hai| caudahavA~ samavAya ___ caudahaveM samavAya meM caudaha bhUtagrAma (jIvoM ke bheda), caudaha pUrva, bhagavAna mahAvIra ke caudaha hajAra sAdhu, caudaha jIva sthAna (guNasthAna), cakravartI ke caudaha ratna, caudaha mahAnadiyA~, nAraka devoM kI caudaha palyopama tathA caudaha sAgaropama kI sthiti ke sAtha caudaha bhava grahaNa karake mokSa pAne vAle jIvoM kA kathana kiyA gayA pandrahavA~ samavAya pandrahaveM samavAya meM pandraha parama adhArmika vRtti vAle deva, naminAtha jI kI pandraha dhanuSa kI U~cAI, rAhu ke do prakAra (parva rAhu aura dhruvarAhu), candra ke sAtha pandraha muhUrta taka chaha nakSatroM kA rahanA, caitra aura Asoja mAha meM pandraha-pandraha muhUrta ke dina va rAta honA, vidyAnuvAda pUrva ke pandraha arthAdhikAra, mAnava meM pandraha prakAra ke yoga, (prayoga) tathA nAraka devoM kI pandraha palyopama va pandraha sAgaropama kI sthiti kA varNana hai| isameM pandraha bhava karake mokSa pAne vAle bhavasiddhika jIvoM kA kathana bhI kiyA gayA hai| solahavA~ samavAya ___ solahaveM samavAya meM sUtrakRtAMga sUtra ke prathama zrutaskandha ke solaha adhyayana, anantAnubandhI Adi solaha kaSAya, meru parvata ke solaha nAma, bhagavAna pArzvanAtha ke solaha hajAra zramaNa, AtmapravAda pUrva ke solaha adhikAra, camaracaMcA

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| 160. jinavANI- jainAgama-sAhitya vizeSAGka aura balicaMcA rAjadhAnI kA solaha hajAra yojana kA vistAra, nArakI va devoM kI solaha palyopama tathA solaha sAgaropama kI sthiti kA varNana hone ke sAtha hI solaha bhava karake mokSa jAne vAle bhavasiddhika jIvoM kA kathana bhI upalabdha hai| satarahavA~ samavAya satarahaveM samavAya meM sataraha prakAra kA saMyama aura asaMyama, mAnuSottara parvata kI U~cAI sataraha sau ikkIsa yojana, sataraha prakAra kA maraNa, dasaveM sUkSma saMparAya guNasthAna meM sataraha prakRtiyoM kA baMdha, nArakI devoM kI sataraha palyopama aura sataraha sAgaropama kI sthiti kA varNana karate hue sataraha bhava grahaNa kara mokSa jAne vAle jIvoM kA bhI ullekha kiyA gayA hai| aThArahavA~ samavAya aThArahaveM samavAya meM brahmacarya ke aThAraha prakAra, ariSTanemi jI ke aThAraha hajAra zramaNa, kSullaka sAdhuoM ke aThAraha saMyama-sthAna, AcArAMga sUtra ke aThAraha hajAra pada, brAhmIlipi ke aThAraha prakAra, astinAsti pravAda pUrva ke aThAraha adhikAra, pauSa va AsAr3ha mAsa meM aThAraha muhUrta ke dina va aThAraha muhUrta kI rAta, nArakoM va devoM kI aThAraha palyopama va aThAraha sAgaropama kI sthiti kA varNana karane ke uparAnta aThAraha bhava karake mokSa meM jAne vAle jIvoM kA bhI kathana kiyA gayA hai| unnIsavA~ samavAya unnIsaveM samavAya meM jJAtAdharmakathAMga ke prathama zrutaskandha ke unnIsa adhyayana kahe gaye haiM tathA phira kahA gayA hai ki jambUdvIpa kA sUrya unnIsa sau yojana ke kSetra ko saMtapta karatA hai, zukra unnIsa nakSatroM ke sAtha asta hotA hai, unnIsa tIrthakara gRhavAsa meM rahakara (rAjya karane ke pazcAt) dIkSita hue| nArakoM va devoM kI unnIsa palyopama va unnIsa sAgaropama kI sthiti kA ullekha kiyA gayA bIsavA~ samavAya bIsaveM samavAya meM bIsa asamAdhi sthAna, munisuvrata svAmI kI bIsa dhanuSa kI U~cAI, ghanodadhi vAtavalaya kI moTAI bIsa hajAra yojana, prANata devaloka ke indra ke bIsa hajAra sAmAnika deva, pratyAkhyAna pUrva ke bIsa arthAdhikAra evaM bIsa koTAkoTi sAgaropama kA kAlacakra nirUpita kiyA gayA hai| kinhIM nArakoM va devoM kI sthiti bIsa palyopama va bIsa sAgaropama kI batAI gaI hai| ikkIsavA~ samavAya ikkIsaveM samavAya meM ikkIsa sabala doSa (cAritra ko dUSita karane vAle kArya), sAta prakRtiyoM kA kSaya karane vAle sAdhaka ke nivRtti bAdara guNasthAna meM ikkIsa prakRtiyoM kI sattA, avasarpiNI kAla ke pAMcaveM, chaThe Are tathA utsarpiNI ke prathama va dvitIya Are ikkIsa-ikkIsa hajAra varSa ke hone kA ullekha hai| kucha nArakoM aura devoM kI ikkIsa palyopama va ikkIsa sAgaropama kI sthiti batalAyI bAIsavA~ samavAya

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samavAyAMga sUtra eka paricaya 161 isameM bAIsa parISaha, dRSTivAda ke bAIsa sUtra, pudgala ke bAIsa prakAra tathA kucha nArakoM - devoM kI bAIsa palyopama va bAIsa sAgaropama kI sthiti kA varNana kiyA gayA hai| teIsavA~ samavAya isameM sUtrakRtAMga sUtra ke 23 adhyayana kahe gaye haiN| isa samavAya ke anusAra jambUdvIpa ke teIsa tIrthakaroM ko sUryodaya ke samaya kevalajJAna utpanna huA, bhagavAn RSabhadeva ko chor3akara teIsa tIrthakara pUrvabhava meM gyAraha aMgoM ke jJAtA the, (RSabha kA jIva caudaha pUrvo kA jJAtA thA) teIsa tIrthakara pUrvabhava meM mANDalika rAjA the (RSabha cakravartI the), kucha nArakoM aura devoM kI teIsa palyopama va sAgaropama kI sthiti kA ullekha kiyA gayA hai| caubIsavA~ samavAya isameM caubIsa tIrthakaroM ke nAmoM kA ullekha huA hai / cullahimavanta aura zikharI varSadhara parvatoM kI jIvAe~ caubIsa hajAra nau sau battIsa yojana kI kahI gaI haiN| caubIsa ahamindra, caubIsa aMgula vAlI uttarAyaNagata sUrya kI pauruSI chAyA, gaMgA-sindhu mahAnadiyoM ke udgama sthala para caubIsa kosa kA vistAra tathA katipaya nAraka devoM kI caubIsa palyopama va caubIsa sAgaropama kI sthiti kA ullekha kiyA gayA hai| paccIsavA~ samavAya isameM pA~ca mahAvratoM ko nirmala evaM sthira rakhane vAlI paccIsa bhAvanAe~, mallI bhagavatI kI U~cAI paccIsa dhanuSa, vaitADhya parvata kI U~cAI paccIsa yojana aura bhUmi meM gaharAI paccIsa kosa, dUsare naraka ke paccIsa lAkha narakAvAsa, AcArAMga sUtra ke paccIsa adhyayana, aparyApta mithyAdRSTi vikalendriyoM ke bandhane vAlI nAmakarma kI 25 uttara prakRtiyA~ tathA paccIsa sAgaropama kI sthiti varNita hai| chabbIsavA~ samavAya isameM dazAzrutaskandha, kalpasUtra aura vyavahAra sUtra ke chabbIsa uddezana kAla, abhavI jIvoM ke mohanIya karma kI chabbIsa prakRtiyA~ (mizra moha va samyaktva moha ko chor3akara) nArakI va devoM kI chabbIsa palyopama aura chabbIsa sAgaropama kI sthiti kA varNana upalabdha hai| sattAIsavA~ samavAya isa samavAya meM sAdhu ke sattAIsa guNa, nakSatra mAsa ke sattAIsa dina, vedaka samyaktva ke bandha-rahita jIva ke mohanIya karma kI sattAIsa prakRtiyoM kI sattA, zrAvaka zuklA saptamI ke dina sattAIsa aMgula kI pauruSI chAyA tathA kinhIM nAraka devoM kI sattAIsa palyopama aura sattAIsa sAgaropama kI sthiti kA kathana kiyA gayA hai| aTThAIsavA~ samavAya isa samavAya meM AcAra prakalpa ke aTThAIsa prakAra, bhavasiddhika jIvoM meM mohanIya karma kI aTThAIsa prakRtiyA~, Abhinibodhaka jJAna ( matijJAna) ke aTThAIsa prakAra, IzAna kalpa meM aTThAIsa lAkha vimAna, deva gati bAMdhane vAlA jIva

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162 jinavANI- jainAgama-sAhitya vizeSAGka nAmakarma kI aTThAIsa prakRtiyoM kA bandhaka, nArakI jIva bhI aTThAIsa prakRtiyoM kA bandhaka (devoM ke zubha prakRtiyA~ tathA nArakI meM azubha prakRtiyAM badhatI haiM) nArakI va devoM kI aTThAIsa palyopama aura aTThAIsa sAgaropama kI sthiti ullekha kiyA gayA hai| unatIsavA~ samavAya isameM unatIsa pApa zruta, AsAr3ha mAsa Adi ke unatIsa rAta-dina, samyagdRSTi, samyagdRSTi bhavyajIva dvArA tIrthakara nAma sahita unatIsa prakRtiyoM kA bandha, nAraka devoM ke unatIsa palyopama aura unatIsa sAgaropama kI sthiti kA varNana hai| tIsavA~ samavAya isameM mahAmohanIya karma bandhane ke tIsa sthAna, maNDita putra sthavira kI tIsa varSa kI dIkSA paryAya, dina-rAta ke tIsa muhUrta, aThArahaveM tIrthaMkara aranAtha jI kI tIsa dhanuSa kI U~cAI, sahasrAra devendra ke tIsa hajAra sAmAnika deva, bhagavAna pArzvanAtha va mahAvIra svAmI kA tIsa varSa taka gRhavAsa meM rahanA, ratnaprabhA pRthvI ke tIsa lAkha nArakAvAsa, nAraka devoM kI tIsa palyopama aura tIsa sAgaropama kI sthiti kA ullekha milatA hai| ikatIsavA~ samavAya isameM siddha paryAya prApta karane ke prathama samaya meM hone vAle ikatIsa guNa (ATha karmoM kI ikatIsa prakRtiyoM ke kSaya se prApta hone vAle guNa), mandara parvata dharatI tala para paridhi kI apekSA kucha kama ikatIsa hajAra cha sau teIsa yojana vAlA, sUryamAsa, abhivardhita mAsa meM ikatIsa rAta-dina, nArakI devoM kI ikatIsa palyopama tathA ikatIsa sAgaropama kI sthiti batalAne ke sAtha hI bhavasiddhika kitane hI jIvoM ke ikatIsa bhava grahaNa karake mokSa prApta karane kA ullekha kiyA gayA hai| battIsaveM se cautIsavA~ samavAya battIsaveM samavAya meM battIsa yoga saMgraha, battIsa devendra, kunthunAtha jI ke battIsa sau battIsa (3232) kevalI, saudharma kalpa meM battIsa lAkha vimAna, revatI nakSatra ke battIsa tAre, battIsa prakAra kI nATya vidhi tathA nAraka devoM kI battIsa palyopama va battIsa sAgaropama kI sthiti kA varNana kiyA gayA hai| taiMtIsaveM samavAya meM taiMtIsa AzAtanAe~, asurendra kI rAjadhAnI meM taiMtIsa maMjila ke viziSTa bhavana tathA nAraka devoM kI taiMtIsa palyopama tathA sAgaropama kI sthiti batalAI gaI hai| cauMtIsaveM samavAya meM tIrthaMkaroM ke cauMtIsa atizaya, cakravartI ke cauMtIsa vijayakSetra, jambUdvIpa meM utkRSTa cauMtIsa tIrthaMkara utpanna honA, asurendra ke cauMtIsa lAkha bhavanAvAsa tathA pahalI, pAMcavI, chaThI aura sAtavIM naraka meM cauMtIsa lAkha narakAvAsa batalAye haiN| paiMtIsaveM se sAThavA~ samavAya paiMtIsaveM samavAya meM vANI ke paiMtIsa atizaya Adi, chattIsaveM meM

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samavAyAMga sUtra - eka paricaya kA 1631 uttarAdhyayana sUtra ke chattIsa adhyayana Adi, saiMtIsaveM meM saiMtIsa gaNadhara, saiMtIsa gaNa, ar3atIsaveM meM bha. pArzvanAtha kI ar3atIsa hajAra zramaNiyA~, unatAlIsaveM meM bha. neminAtha ke unatAlIsa sau avadhijJAnI, cAlIsaveM meM bha. ariSTanemi kI cAlIsa hajAra zramaNiyA~, ikatAlIsaveM meM bhagavAna naminAtha kI ikatAlIsa hajAra zramaNiyA~, bayAlIsaveM meM nAma karma kI 42 prakRtiyA~, bha. mahAvIra kI 42 varSa se kucha adhika dIkSA paryAya, tetAlIsaveM meM karma vipAka ke 43 adhyayana, cauvAlIsaveM meM RSibhASita ke 44 adhyayana, paiMtAlIsaveM meM mAnava kSetra, sImAnta narakAvAsa, uDu vimAna (pahale-dUsare devaloka ke madhyabhAga meM rahA gola vimAna) aura siddha zilA, ina cAroM meM pratyeka kA vistAra 45 lAkha yojana kA batalAyA gayA hai| chiyAlIsaveM meM dRSTivAda ke 46 mAtRkApada aura brAhmIlipi ke 46 mAtakAkSara, saiMtAlIsaveM meM sthavira agnibhati ke 47 varSa gahavAsa meM rahanA ar3atAlIsaveM meM bha. dharmanAtha ke 48 gaNoM, gaNadharoM kA, unapacAsaveM meM trIndriya jIvoM kI 49 ahorAtri kI sthiti, pacAsaveM meM bha. munisuvrata kI 50 hajAra zramaNiyA~ ikyAnaveM meM nava brahmacaryoM ke51 uddezana kAla. bAvanaveM meM mohanIya karma ke 52 nAma, tirepanaveM meM bha. mahAvIra ke 53 sAdhuoM kA eka varSa kI dIkSA ke bAda anuttara vimAna meM jAnA, caupanaveM meM bharata aivata kSetra ke 54-54 uttama puruSa, bha. ariSTanemi 54 rAtri taka chadmastha rahe, pacapanaveM meM mallI bhagavatI kI 55 hajAra varSa kI kula Ayu, chappanaveM meM bha. vimalanAtha ke 56 gaNa va gaNadhara, sattAnaveM meM mallI bhagavatI ke 5700 mana paryavajJAnI zramaNa, aTThAnaveM meM jJAnAvaraNIya, vedanIya, Ayu, nAma aura antarAya ina pAMca karmoM kI 58 uttara prakRtiyAM, unasaThaveM meM candra saMvatsara kI eka Rtu meM 59 ahorAtri tathA sAThaveM samavAya meM sUrya kA 60 muhUrta taka eka maNDala meM rahane kA ullekha hai| .. . ikasaThaveM se sauvA~ samavAya ikasaThaveM samavAya meM eka yuga meM 61 Rtu mAsa, bAsaThaveM meM bhagavAna vAsupUjya ke 62 gaNa va gaNadhara, tiresaThaveM meM bha. RSabhadeva ke 63 lAkha pUrva taka rAjya siMhAsana para rahane ke pazcAt dIkSA lenA, causaThaveM meM cakravartI ke bahumUlya 64 hAroM kA, paisaThaveM meM mauryaputra gaNadhara ke dvArA 65 varSa taka gRhavAsa rahakara dIkSA lenA, chiyAsaThaveM meM bha. zreyAMsanAtha ke 66 gaNa aura 66 gaNadhara, matijJAna kI utkRSTa sthiti 66 sAgara, sar3asaThaveM meM eka yuga meM nakSatra mAsa kI gaNanA se 67 mAsa, ar3asaThaveM meM dhAtakIkhaNDa meM cakravartI kI 68 vijaya, rAjadhAniyA~ aura utkRSTa 68 arihanta honA, unahataraveM meM mAnavaloka meM meru ke alAvA 69 varSa aura varSadhara parvata, sattaraveM meM eka mAsa aura bIsa rAtri vyatIta hone para tathA 70 rAtri zeSa rahane para paryuSaNa karane kA ullekha hai| ikahataraveM samavAya meM bha. ajitanAtha va sAgara cakravartI kA 71 lAkha pUrva taka gRhavAsa meM rahakara dIkSita honA, bahattarahaveM meM bha. mahAvIra kI Ayu 72 varSa honA, puruSoM kI 72 kalAe~, tihataraveM meM vijaya nAmaka baladeva dvArA 73 lAkha kI Ayu pUrNa kara siddha honA, cauhataraveM meM agnibhUti dvArA 74 varSa kI Ayu pUrNa kara siddha honA, pacahataraveM meM bha. suvidhi nAtha jI ke 7500 kevalI honA varNita

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| 164 jinavANI- jainAgama-sAhitya vizeSAGka hai| chiyataraveM meM vidyuta kumAra Adi bhavanapati devoM ke 76-76 lAkha bhavanoM , sattahattaraveM meM samrATa bharata dvArA 77 lAkha parva taka kamArAvasthA meM rahane aura 77 rAjAoM ke sAtha dIkSita hone, aThahattaraveM meM gaNadhara akampita jI kA 78 varSa kI Ayu meM siddha hone kA kathana hai| unnAsIveM samavAya ye chaThe naraka ke madhyabhAga se ghanodadhi ke nIce caramAnta taka 79 hajAra yojana kA antara tathA assIveM samavAya meM tripRSTa vAsudeva ke 80 lAkha varSa taka samrAT pada para rahane kA ullekha kiyA gayA hai| ikyAsIveM samavAya meM 8100 mana:paryavajJAnI hone, bayAsIveM meM 82 rAtriyA~ bItane para bhagavAna mahAvIra kA jIva garbha meM saharaNa kiye jAne, tiyAsIve meM bha. zItalanAtha ke 83 gaNa aura 83 gaNadhara hone, caurAsIveM meM bha. RSabhadeva kI 84 lAkha pUrva kI aura, bha. zreyAMsa kI 84 lAkha varSa kI Ayu hone. pinyAsIveM meM AcArAMga ke 85 uddezana kAla, chiyAsIve meM bhagavAna suvidhinAtha ke 86 gaNa va 86 gaNadhara hone kA kathana hai| satyAsIveM meM jJAnAvaraNIya aura antarAya ko chor3akara zeSa 6 karmoM kI 87 uttara prakRtiyA~ batAyI gaI haiN| aTThayAsIveM meM pratyeka sUrya aura candra ke 88-88 mahAgraha, navAsIveM meM tIsare Are ke 89 hajAra zramaNiyoM tathA nabbaveM samavAya meM bha. ajitanAtha va zAntinAtha ke 90 gaNa va 90 gaNadhara hone kA ullekha kiyA gayA hai| ikarAnaveM samavAya meM bhagavAna kunthunAtha ke 91000 avadhijJAnI zramaNa, barAnaveM meM gaNadhara indrabhUti kA 92 varSa kI Ayu pUrNa kara mukta honA, tirAnaveM meM bha. candraprabha ke 93 gaNa aura 93 gaNadhara, bha. zAntinAtha ke 9300 caudaha pUrvadhArI zramaNa, caurAnave meM bha. ajitanAtha ke 9400 avadhijJAnI, picyAnaveM meM bha. pArzvanAtha ke 95 gaNa aura 95 gaNadhara, chiyAnaveM meM pratyeka cakravartI ke 96 karor3a gAMva, sattAnaveM meM ATha karmoM kI 97 uttara prakRtiyA~, aTThAnaveM me revatI va jyeSThA paryanta unnIsa nakSatroM ke 98 tAre, ninnANaveM meM meru parvata bhUmi se 99000 yojaga U~cA tathA sauveM samavAya meM bha. pArzvanAtha kI aura sudharmA svAmI kI Ayu eka sau varSa kI batalAyI gayI hai| anya samavAya sauveM samavAya ke bAda kramaza: 150-200-250-300-350400-450-500 yAvat 1000 se 2000, do hajAra se dasa hajAra, dasa hajAra se eka lAkha, usase 8 lAkha aura karor3a kI saMkhyA vAle vibhinna viSayoM kA ina samavAyoM meM saMkalana kiyA gayA hai| koTi samavAya ke pazcAt 12 sUtroM meM dvAdazAMgI kA gaNipiTaka ke nAma se sArabhUta paricaya bhI diyA gayA hai| upasaMhAra samavAyAMga sUtra meM vibhinna viSayoM kA jitanA saMkalana huA hai, utanA viSayoM kI dRSTi se saMkalana anya AgamoM meM kama huA hai| jaise viSNu muni ne tIna paira se virAT vizva ko nApa liyA thA, vaisI hI sthiti samavAyAMga sUtra kI hai| vyavahAra sUtra meM sahI hI kahA gayA hai ki sthAnAMga aura samavAyAMga kA jJAtA hI AcArya upAdhyAya jaise gauravapUrNa pada ko dhAraNa kara sakatA hai, kyoMki ina sUtroM meM

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space | samavAyAMga sUtra - eka paricaya 165| AcArya-upAdhyAya ke liye atyadhika upayogI evaM jAnane yogya Avazyaka sabhI bAtoM kA saMkalana hai| isa Agama meM jahAM AtmA saMbaMdhI svarUpa kA, karma-bandha ke hetuoM kA, saMsAra vRddhi ke kAraNoM kA vivecana milatA hai, vahIM karma-bandhanoM se mukti pAne ke upAya mahAvrata, samiti, gupti, dazavidha dharma tapa, sayama, parISaha jaya Adi kA bhI sAMgopAMga vivecana milatA hai| khagola-bhUgola saMbaMdhI, nArakI-devatA saMbaMdhI jAnakArI ke sAtha tIrthaMkaroM ke gaNa, gaNadhara, sAdhu, mana:paryavajJAnI, avadhijJAnI, paMcakalyANaka tithiyAM Adi kI aitihAsika jAnakArI bhI pradAna kI gayI hai| ___ mukhya rUpa se yaha Agama gadya rUpa hai, para kahIM-kahIM bIca-bIca meM nAmAvalI va anya vivaraNa saMbaMdhI gAthAe~ bhI AyI haiN| bhASA kI dRSTi se bhI yaha Agama mahattvapUrNa hai| kahIM-kahIM alaMkAroM kA prayoga huA hai| saMkhyAoM ke sahAre bha, RSabhadeva, pArzvanAtha, mahAvIra svAmI aura unake pUrvavartI-pazcAtvartI caudahapUrvI, avadhijJAnI aura viziSTa jJAnI muniyoM kA bhI ullekha hai| samavAyAMga sUtra ke aneka sUtra AcArAMga meM, aneka sUtrakRtAMga meM, aneka bhagavatI sUtra meM, aneka praznavyAkaraNa sUtra meM, aupapAtika sUtra meM, jIvAbhigama sUtra meM, pannavaNA sUtra meM, jambUdvIpa prajJapti sUtra meM, sUryaprajJapti sUtra meM, uttarAdhyayana sUtra meM tathA anuyoga dvAra sUtra meM kahIM saMkSepa meM to kahIM vistAra se ullikhita haiN| yoM to samavAyAMga sUtra kA pratyeka samavAya, pratyeka sUtra pratyeka viSaya ke jijJAsuoM evaM zodhArthiyoM ke liye jJAtavya mahattvapUrNa tathyoM kA mahAna bhaNDAra hai, para samavAyAMga ke antima bhAga ko eka prakAra se ''saMkSipta jaina purANa'' kI saMjJA dI jA sakatI hai| vastuta: vastuvijJAna, jaina siddhAnta aura jaina itihAsa kI dRSTi se samavAyAga eka atyadhika mahattva kA aMga zruta hai| -rajisTrAra, akhila bhAratIya zrI jaina ratna AdhyAtmika zikSaNa borDa, ghoDoM kA cauka, jodhapura

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vyAkhyAprajJapti sUtra DaoN0 dharmacanda jaina vyAkhyAprajJapti (bhagavatI) sUtra meM praznottara zailI meM jIva, ajIva, svamata, paramata, loka, aloka Adi se saMbaddha sUkSma jAnakAriyA~ vidyamAna haiN| isameM prANizAstra, bhUgola, khagola, bhautikazAstra, svapna, gaNita, manovijJAna, vanaspatizAstra Adi vividha viSayoM se saMbaMdhita tAttvika carcA milatI hai| yaha sUtra vaijJAnikoM ke lie bhI adhyetavya hai| lekhaka ne vyAkhyAprajJapti kI viSayavastu se paricita karAne ke sAtha isameM hue aMgabAhya AgamoM ke atideza kI bhI carcA kI I -sampAdaka paMcama aMga vyAkhyAprajJapti sUtra kA apara nAma 'bhagavatIsUtra' hai| 'bhagavatI' zabda vyAkhyAprajJapti kI pUjyatA hetu vizeSaNarUpa meM prayukta huA thA, kintu isa zabda ko itanI priyatA milI ki aba vyAkhyAprajJapti kI apekSA 'bhagavatI' nAma hI adhika pracalita ho gayA hai| upalabdha aMga AgamoM maiM bhagavatIsUtra sarvAdhika vizAla hai| praznottara zailI meM viracita isa Agama meM viSayavastu kA vaividhya hai| isameM aneka dArzanika gutthiyoM kA samAdhAna hai| prANizAstra, garbhazAstra, bhautika zAstra, rasAyana zAstra, bhUgarbha zAstra, svapna zAstra, gaNita, jyotiSa, itihAsa, khagola, bhUgola, manovijJAna, adhyAtma, pudgala, vanaspati Adi aneka viSayoM para bhagavatI meM rocaka evaM upayogI jAnakArI upalabdha hai / samavAyAMga evaM nandIsUtra ke anusAra vyAkhyAprajJaptisUtra meM 36000 praznoM kA samAdhAna hai| sabhI praznoM kA uttara bhagavAna mahAvIra dvArA kiyA gayA hai| praznakarttA mukhyata: gautama gaNadhara haiN| prasaMgAnusAra roha anagAra, jayantI zrAvikA, mRduka zramaNopAsaka, somila brAhmaNa, tIrthaMkara pArzva ke ziSya kAlAsyavezIputra, tuMgikA nagarI ke zrAvaka Adi ke bhI praznoM kA samAdhAna huA hai| aitihAsika dRSTi se isameM maMkhaligozAlaka, jamAli, zivarAjarSi, skanda parivrAjaka, tAmalI tApasa Adi se saMbaddha jAnakArI bhI milatI hai| gaNita kI dRSTi se pAzrvApatyIya gAMgeya aNagAra ke praznottara mahattvapUrNa haiM / bhagavatIsUtra ke adhyayanoM ko 'zataka' yA 'zata' nAma diyA gayA hai| isameM 41 zataka tathA 105 avAntara zataka haiN| avAntara zatakoM evaM anya zatakoM kI saMkhyA milAkara 138 hotI hai / pahale se 32 veM zataka taka kisI bhI zataka meM avAntara zataka nahIM hai / 33veM se 35 veM zataka taka 7 zatakoM meM pratyeka meM 12-12 avAntara zataka haiN| cAlIsaveM zataka meM 21 avAntara zataka haiM / 41 veM zataka meM avAntara zataka nahIM hai| ina sabhI zatakoM ko milAne se 138 zataka hote hai {32 + 84 (12X 7) + 21 + 1 } | uddezakoM kI saMkhyA 1883 yA 1923 hai| vartamAna meM isakA parimANa 15751

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vyAkhyAprajJapti sUtra 167 zlokapramANa hai| vyAkhyAprajJapti kA prAkRta nAma 'viyAhapaNNatti' hai| kahIM kahIM isakA nAma 'vivAhapaNNatti' yA 'vibAhapaNNatti' bhI prApta hotA hai| vRttikAra abhayadevasUri ne 'viyAhapaNNatti nAma ko sarvAdhika mahattva dekara isakI vyAkhyA cAra prakAra se kI hai| inameM eka hai- "vi-vividhA jIvAjIvAdipracuratarapadArthaviSayA:, A-abhividhinA kathaMcinnikhilajJeyavyAptyA maryAdayA vA, khyAkhyAnAni bhagavato mahAvIrasya gautamAdIna vineyAn prati praznitapadArthapratipAdanAni vyAkhyA: tA: prajJApyante, bhagavatA sudharmasvAminA jambUnAmAnamabhi yasyAm / arthAt gautamAdi ziSyoM ko unake dvArA pUche gae praznoM kA bhagavAna mahAvIra ke dvArA jIva, ajIva Adi viSayoM para uttama vidhi se jisa zAstra meM vizada uttara die gae aura jinheM sudharmAsvAmI ne jambUsvAmI ko batAyA--vaha vyAkhyAprajJapti sUtra hai| ___ bhagavAna ne isa sUtra meM kliSTa se kliSTa praznoM kA saralarIti se grAhya samAdhAna prastuta kiyA hai| samavAyAMga sUtra ke anusAra isameM "dravya, guNa, kSetra, kAla, paryAya, pradeza, pariNAma, yathA- astibhAva, anugama, nikSepa, naya, pramANa, sunipuNa upakramoM ke vividha prakAra, lokAloka ke prakAzaka, vistRta saMsAra-samudra se pAra utArane meM samartha, indroM dvArA saMpUjita bhavya janoM ke hRdayoM ko abhinandita karane vAle, tamoraja kA vidhvaMsana karane vAle, sudRSTa dIpakasvarUpa, IhA, mati aura buddhi ko bar3hAne vAle- 36 hajAra vyAkaraNoM (uttaroM) ko pratipAdita karane se yaha vyAkhyAprajJapti ziSyoM ke lie hitakAraka aura guNoM ke mahAn artha se paripUrNa hai| isakI vAcanAe~ parimita haiM evaM saMgrahaNiyA~ saMkhyAta haiN| sau se adhika adhyayana haiM, 10 hajAra uddezana kAla haiM, 10 hajAra samuddezanakAla haiM, pada-gaNanA kI apekSA 84 hajAra pada haiN|'' nandIsUtra meM 2 lAkha 88 hajAra padAgra kahe haiN| bhagavatI sUtra ke prArambha meM namaskAra mantra kA maMgala ullekha karate hue arthAt arihanta, siddha, AcArya, upAdhyAya evaM sAdhuoM ko namaskAra karane ke pazcAt brAhmIlipi evaM 'zruta' ko bhI namana kiyA gayA hai| maMgalAcaraNa kA yaha rUpa bhagavatIsUtra meM hI dRSTigocara hotA hai| isase isa sUtra kI viziSTatA prakaTa hotI hai| bhaNDArI padamacanda jI mahArAja ke ziSya zrI amaramuni jI ne bhagavatIsUtra kI viSayavastu ko 10 khaNDoM meM vibhakta kiyA hai -- 1. AcArakhaNDa 2. dravyakhaNDa 3. siddhAntakhaNDa 4. paralokakhaNDa 5. bhUgola 6. khagola 7. gaNitazAstra 8. garbhazAstra 9.caritrakhaNDa 10. vividha / AcArya zrI devendramani jI ne Agama prakAzana samiti, byAvara se prakAzita vyAkhyAprajJapti sUtra ke caturtha khaNDa meM 94 pRSThoM kI prastAvanA likhate hue bhagavatIsUtra meM carcita nimnAMkita viSayoM para vizeSa prakAza DAlA hai, jisase

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168 jinavANI- jainAgama sAhitya vizeSAGka isa sUtra ke varNya viSaya kA anumAna ho jAtA hai - 1. namaskAra mahAmaMtra 2. brAhmIlipi 3. gaNadhara gautama 4. jJAna aura kriyA 5. karmabaMdha aura kriyA 6. nirjarA 7. saMtajIvana kI mahimA aura prakAra 8. pApa aura usakA phala 9. AdhyAtmika zakti 10 pratyAkhyAna 11. prAyazcitta 12. tapa evaM dhyAna 13. parISaha 14. mRtyu kI kalA 15. IzAnendra evaM camarendra 16. zivarAjarSi 17. kAladravya 18 pauSadha 19. vibhajyavAda aura anekAntavAda 20. udAyana rAjA 21. dharmAstikAya aura adharmAstikAya 22. somila brAhmaNa ke prazna 23. atimuktakumAra 24. moha 25 devAnandA brAhmaNI 26. jamAli evaM gozAlaka 27. dravyaviSayaka cintana 28. AtmA ke ATha prakAra 29. jIva ke 14 bheda 30. zarIra 31. indriyA~ 32 bhASA 33. mana aura usake prakAra 34. bhAva aura usake prakAra 35. yoga aura usake prakAra 36. kaSAya 37. upayoga aura usake prakAra 38. lezyA 39. karma 40. pudgala 41. samavasaraNa 42. kAlAsyavezI / ina binduoM se vidita hotA hai kiM bhagavatIsUtra kI viSayavastu vaividhyapUrNa hai| * vyAkhyAprajJapti meM jIva, ajIva, jIvAjIva, svasamaya, parasamaya, svaparasamaya, loka, aloka, lokAloka viSayaka vistRta vyAkhyA kI gaI hai| isameM kaI rocaka viSaya praznottara zailI meM spaSTa kie gae haiM, yathA- roha anagAra ke prazna aura bhagavAn mahAvIra ke uttara ( zataka 1, uddezaka 6 ) - bhagavan pahale aNDA hai aura phira murgI ? athavA pahale murgI hai yA prazna aNDA ? bhagavAn - roha ! vaha aNDA kahA~ se AyA ? roha- bhagavan! vaha murgI se aayaa| bhagavAn -vaha murgI kahA~ se AI? roha- bhagavan! vaha aNDe se AI / bhagavAn - isI prakAra he roha ! murgI aura aNDA pahale bhI haiM aura pIche bhI haiN| ye donoM zAzvata haiM / he roha ! inameM pahale pIche kA krama nahIM hai / isI prakAra loka evaM aloka ko tathA jIva aura ajIva ko bhagavAn ne zAzvata batAyA hai| piMgala nirgrantha dvArA pUche gae pA~ca praznoM kA jaba skandaka parivrAjaka uttara na de sakA to vaha bhagavAna mahAvIra kI sevA meM upasthita huaa| bhagavAna ne usakI zaMkAoM ko apane jJAna se jAna liyA evaM unakA saMtoSaprada samAdhAna pAkara skandaka parivrAjaka bhagavAna mahAvIra kA ziSya bana gayA / ve pA~ca prazna the - 1. loka sAnta hai yA ananta ? 2. jIva sAnta hai yA ananta siddhi sAnta hai yA ananta ? 4. siddha sAnta hai yA ananta 5. kiMsa maraNa se maratA huA jIva saMsAra bar3hAtA hai aura kisa maraNa se maratA huA jIva saMsAra ghaTAtA hai ? bhagavAn dvArA die gae ina praznoM ke samAdhAnoM meM se prathama 3.

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vyAkhyAprajJapti sUtra 169 prazna kA samAdhAna isa prakAra hai he skandaka! maiMne cAra prakAra kA loka batAyA hai-dravyaloka, kSetraloka, kAlaloka aura bhaavlok| una cAroM meM se dravya se loka eka hai aura anta vAlA hai, kSetra se loka asaMkhyAta koTAkoTi yojana taka lambA-caur3A aura asaMkhya koTAkoTi yojana kI paridhi vAlA hai tathA vaha antasahita hai| kAla se aisA koI kAla nahIM thA, jisameM loka nahIM thA, aisA koI kAla nahIM hai, jisameM loka nahIM hai, aisA koI kAla nahIM hogA, jisameM loka na hogaa| loka sadA thA, sadA hai aura sadA rhegaa| loka dhruva, niyata, zAzvata, akSaya, avyaya, avasthita aura nitya hai, usakA anta nahIM hai| bhAva se loka ananta varNaparyAya rUpa, gandhaparyAyarUpa, rasaparyAyarUpa aura sparzaparyAyarUpa hai| isI prakAra ananta saMsthAnaparyAyarUpa, ananta gurulaghuparyAyarUpa evaM ananta agurulaghuparyAyarUpa hai; usakA anta nahIM hai| isa prakAra he skandaka! dravyaloka antasahita hai, kSetra loka anta sahita hai, kAla loka antarahita hai aura bhAvaloka bhI antarahita hai| (zataka 2 uddezaka 1) isI prakAra tIrthaMkara mahAvIra ne jIva, siddhi evaM siddha ko dravya evaM kSetra se sAnta tathA kAla evaM bhAva se antarahita batAyA hai| maraNa ke do prakAra batAye haiM- bAlamaraNa evaM pnndditmrnn| bAlamaraNa se marane vAlA jIva saMsAra bar3hAtA hai tathA paNDitamaraNa se marane vAlA jIva saMsAra ghaTAtA hai| gautamasvAmI evaM bhagavAna mahAvIra ke praznottara draSTavya haiM (zataka 2, gautama- bhagavan ! tathArUpa zramaNa yA mAhana kI paryupAsanA karane vAle ko paryupAsanA kA kyA phala milatA hai? bhagavAna- gautama! zravaNa rUpa (dharma zravaNa rUpa) phala milatA hai| gautama- bhagavan ! usa zravaNa kA kyA phala hotA hai? bhagavAna- gautama! zravaNa kA phala jJAna hai| gautama- bhagavana ! jJAna kA phala kyA hai? bhagavAna- gautama ! jJAna kA phala vijJAna(heya,jJeya evaM upAdeya kA vivecana) hai| gautama- bhagavan ! vijJAna kA phala kyA hai? bhagavAna- gautama ! vijJAna kA phala pratyAkhyAna (heya kA tyAga) hai| gautama- bhagavan ! pratyAkhyAna kA phala kyA hai? bhagavAna-- gautama! pratyAkhyAna kA phala saMyama (saMvara) hai| gautama- bhagavan ! saMyama kA phala kyA hai? bhagavAna- gautama saMyama kA phala anAsrava hai| isI prakAra anAnava kA phala tapa evaM tapa kA phala karma-nirjarA batAyA gayA hai| yaha pratipAdana jJAna evaM kriyA ke eka rUpa ko prastuta karatA

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| 1701 jinavANI- jainAgama-sAhitya vizeSAGaka zataka 12 uddezaka 2 meM jayantI zrAvikA ne bhagavAna se jo jijJAsA kI,usake samAdhAna bhI paThanIya haiM, udAharaNArthajayantI- bhagavan ! jIvoM kA supta rahanA acchA hai yA jAgRta rahanA acchA? bhagavAn- jayantI! kucha jIvoM kA supta rahanA acchA hai tathA kucha kA jAgRta rahanA acchA hai| jayantI- bhagavan ! aisA kisa kAraNa se kahate haiM ki kucha jIvoM kA supta rahanA acchA hai tathA kucha kA jAgRta rahanA acchA? bhagavAn- jayantI! jo adhArmika, adharmAnusartA, adharmiSTha, adharma kA kathana karane vAle, adharmAvalokanakartA, adharma meM Asakta, adharmAcaraNakartA aura adharma se hI AjIvikA karane vAle jIva haiM, una jIvoM kA supta rahanA acchA hai, kyoMki ve jIva supta rahate haiM to aneka prANoM, bhUtoM, jIvoM aura sattvoM ko du:kha, zoka aura paritApa dene meM pravRtta nahIM hote| ve jIva soye rahate haiM to apane ko dUsare ko aura sva-para ko aneka adhArmika prapaMcoM meM nahIM phNsaate| isalie una jIvoM kA supta rahanA acchA hai| jayantI! jo dhArmika haiM, dharmAnusArI, dharmapriya, dharma kA kathana karane vAle, dharma ke avalokanakartA, dharmAnurakta, dharmAcaraNa aura dharma se hI apanI AjIvikA karane vAle jIva haiM, una jIvoM kA jAgrata rahanA acchA hai, kyoMki ye jIva jAgrata hoM to bahuta se prANoM, bhUtoM, jIvoM aura sattvoM ko duHkha, zoka aura paritApa dene meM pravRtta nahIM hote| aise dharmiSTha jIva jAgRta rahate hue svayaM ko, dUsare ko aura sva-para ko dhArmika kAryoM meM lagAte haiN| ye jIva jAgRta rahate hue dharmajAgaraNA meM apane ko jAgRta rakhate haiN| isalie ina jIvoM kA jAgRta rahanA acchA hai| isI kAraNa se, he jayantI! aisA kahA jAtA hai ki kaI jIvoM kA supta rahanA acchA hai aura kaI jIvoM kA jAgRta rahanA acchA hai| prathama zataka ke navama uddezaka meM prANAtipAta, mRSAvAda Adi 18 pApoM ko saMsAra bar3hAne vAlA tathA inase viramaNa ko saMsAra ghaTAne vAlA batAyA gayA hai, yathAgautama- bhante! jIva saMsAra ko parimita kaise karate haiM? bhagavAn gautama! prANAtipAta yAvat mithyAdarzana zalya ke viramaNa se jIva __ saMsAra ko parimita karate haiN| Aja kA vijJAna trasakAyika evaM vanaspatikAyika jIvoM meM to zvasana kriyA svIkAra karatA hai, kintu pRthvIkAyika Adi anya ekendriya jIvoM ke saMbaMdha meM mauna hai| bhagavatI sUtra zataka 2 uddezaka 1 ke zvAsocchvAsa pada meM pRthvIkAyika Adi ekendriya jIvoM meM zvasanakriyA

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| vyAkhyAprajJapti sUtra pratipAdita kI gaI hai, yathA gautama - ye jo pRthvIkAyika, apkAyika, tejaskAyika, vAyukAyika evaM vanaspatikAyika ekendriya jIva haiM, inake Ana, apAna tathA ucchvAsa aura ni:zvAsa ko hama na jAnate haiM aura na dekhate haiN| bhante ! kyA ye jIva Ana, apAna tathA ucchvAsa aura ni:zvAsa karate haiM? bhagavAn -hA~ gautama! ye jIva bhI Ana, apAna tathA ucchvAsa aura ni:zvAsa karate haiN| zramaNa-nirgranthoM ke sammukha jAne para pAMca prakAra ke abhigamoM kA zrAvaka ko pAlana karanA caahie| ina pAMca abhigamoM kA ullekha bhagavatI sUtra ke navama zataka ke 33veM uddezaka meM devAnandA brAhmaNI dvArA bhagavAna mahAvIra ke sammukha jAte samaya huA hai - taNaM sA devANaMdA mAhaNI.. .. samaNaM bhagavaM mahAvIraM paMcaviheNaM abhigameNaM abhigacchai, taMjahA- sacittANaM davvANaM viosaraNayAe acittANaM davvANaM avimoyaNayAe, viNayoNayae gAyalaTThIe cakkhuphAse aMjalipaggehaNaM, maNassa ekatI bhAvakaraNeNaM / pA~ca abhigama haiM- 1. sacitta dravyoM kA tyAga 2. acitta dravyoM kA tyAga na karanA ( kintu viveka rakhanA) 3. vinaya se zarIra ko jhukAnA 4. bhagavAna ke dRSTigocara hote hI donoM hAtha jor3anA 5. mana ko ekAgra karanA / yaha loka kitanA vizAla hai, isake saMbaMdha meM zataka 11 uddezaka 10 meM devoM kI gati kA udAharaNa dekara samajhAyA gayA hai, jisakA sArAMza yaha hai ki divya tIvra gati vAle deva hajAroM varSoM taka gamana karake bhI lokAnta taka nahIM pahuMca sakate, loka itanA vizAla hai| AtmA jJAna evaM darzanasvarUpa hai yA bhinna, isa saMbaMdha meM bhagavatI sUtra kA spaSTa pratipAdana hai AyA bhaMte! nANe annANe ? gomA ! AyA siya nANe, siya annANe, nANe puNa niyamaM AyA / 171 AyA bhaMte daMsaNe, anne daMsaNe ? goyamA ! AyA niyamaM daMsaNe, daMsaNe vi niyamaM AyA / ( zataka 12, uddezaka 10, sUtra 10) ( zataka 12, uddezaka 10, sUtra 16 ) gautama - bhagavan ! AtmA jJAna svarUpa hai yA ajJAna svarUpa ? bhagavAn - gautama! AtmA kadAcit jJAnarUpa hai, kadAcit ajJAna rUpa hai, kintu jJAna to niyama se AtmasvarUpa hai| gautama - bhagavan ! AtmA darzanarUpa hai yA darzana usase bhinna hai? bhagavAn - gautama! AtmA niyamataH darzanarUpa hai aura darzana bhI niyamata: AtmarUpa hai|

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| 172 jinavANI- jainAgama-sAhitya vizeSAGka AtmA kA svarUpa jJAna evaM darzanarUpa hai| jaba jJAna ke samyak rUpa para AvaraNa A jAtA hai taba use ajJAnarUpa kahA gayA hai| vAstava meM to AtmA jJAnadarzana svarUpa hI hai| ise hI upayogamayatva bhI kahA gayA hai| vyAkhyAprajJaptisUtra meM jIva saMbaMdhI vistRta carcA milatI hai| jIvoM kI cAra gatiyA~ evaM 24 daNDaka haiN| vyAkhyAprajJapti meM bahuta sI carcA 24 daNDakoM meM huI hai| 24 daNDaka haiM- saptavidha nArakiyoM kA 1 daNDaka, devoM ke 13 daNDaka (bhavanapati ke 10 daNDaka, vANavyantara jyotiSI evaM vaimAnika ke 3 daNDaka) pRthvIkAyika Adi pAMca sthAvaroM ke 5 daNDaka, vikalendriya (dvIndriya, trIndriya evaM caturindriya) ke 3 udaNDaka, tiryaMca pacendriya kA 1 daNDaka, manuSya kA 1 dnnddk| 24veM zataka meM ina 24 daNDakoM kA 20 dvAroM se nirUpaNa kiyA gayA hai| 20 dvAra haiM- 1. upapAta 2. parimANa 3. saMhanana 4. U~cAI 5. saMsthAna 6. lezyA 7. dRSTi 8. jJAna, ajJAna 9. yoga 10. upayoga 11. saMjJA 12. kaSAya 13. indriya 14. samudghAta 15. vedanA 16. veda 17. AyuSya 18. adhyavasAya 19. anubandha 20. kAya sNvedh| saptama zataka ke SaSTha uddezaka meM pratipAdita kiyA gayA ki agale bhava ke AyuSya kA bandha isI bhava meM ho jAtA hai, kintu usakA vedana agale bhava meM utpanna hone ke pazcAt hotA hai| jIva ke dvArA garbha meM sarvaprathama mAtA ke oja (Artava) evaM pitA ke zukra kA AhAra kiyA jAtA hai, tadanantara vaha mAtA dvArA gRhIta AhAra ke eka deza ke oja ko grahaNa karatA hai| eka prazna kiyA jAtA hai ki kyA garbha meM rahe hue jIva ke malamUtrAdi yAvat pitta nahIM hote haiM? isakA uttara dete hue kahA gayA gautama! garbha meM jAne para jIva jo AhAra karatA hai, jisa AhAra kA caya karatA hai, usa AhAra ko zrotrendriya ke rUpa meM yAvat sparzendriya ke rUpa meM tathA haDDI, majjA, keza, dADhI, mUMcha, roma aura nakhoM ke rUpa meM pariNata karatA hai| isa kAraNa se gautama! aisA kahA jAtA hai ki garbha meM rahe hue jIva ke mala-mUtrAdi yAta pitta nahIM hote haiN| (zataka 1 uddezaka 7) garbhagata jIva mukha se kavalAhAra nahIM karatA hai| vaha saba ora se AhAra karatA hai, sAre zarIra se pariNamAtA hai, bAra-bAra ucchvAsa letA hai, bAra-bAra ni:zvAsa letA hai, kabhI AhAra karatA hai, kabhI pariNamAtA hai, kabhI ucchvAsa letA hai, kabhI ni:zvAsa letA hai tathA saMtati ke jIva ko rasa pahu~cAne meM kAraNabhUta aura mAtA ke rasa lene meM kAraNabhUta jo mAtRjIvasaharaNI nAma kI nAr3I hai usakA mAtA ke jIva ke sAtha saMbaMdha hai aura santati ke jIva ke sAtha spRSTa hai, usa nAr3I dvArA vaha garbhagata jIva AhAra letA hai aura AhAra ko pariNamAtA hai| (zataka 1 uddezaka 7) bhagavatI sUtra kI viSayavastu ko saMkSepa meM sameTanA kaThina hai| isake

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vyAkhyAprajJapti sUtra 1731 pratyeka zataka evaM usake pratyeka uddezaka meM bhI kaI bAra naye-naye viSayoM para prazna evaM unake samAdhAna hai| isameM jo jAnakArI hai vaha adbhuta hai| jIva ke garbha meM Agamana se lekara, jIvana sthiti, maraNa Adi vividha viSaya varNita haiM jo Adhunika vijJAna ke lie bhI zodha hetu upayogI evaM mArgadarzaka ho sakate haiN| nAraka, deva, tiryaca aura manuSya ina cAroM gatiyoM ke jIvoM ke vibhinna pakSoM kA isa Agama meM varNana upalabdha hai| loka ke eka AkAzapradeza meM ekendriyAdi jIva pradeza paraspara baddha yAvat sambaddha haiM, phira bhI ve eka-dUsare ko bAdhA yA vyAbAdha nahIM pahuMcAte, avayavoM kA chedana nahIM krte| isa tathya ko samajhAne hetu nartakI kA udAharaNa diyA gyaa| jisa prakAra nATya karatI huI nartakI para prekSakoM kI dRSTi par3atI hai, kintu vaha nartakI darzakoM kI una dRSTiyoM ko kucha bhI bAdhA-pIr3A utpanna nahIM karatI hai, isI prakAra jIvoM ke Atmapradeza paraspara baddha, spRSTa yAvat saMbaddha hone para AbAdhA yA vyAbAdhA utpanna nahIM krte| (za. 11udde. 10) / ___pudgala ke saMbaMdha meM vyAkhyAprajJaptisUtra meM vividha jAnakAriyA~ haiN| pariNati kI dRSTi se pudgala tIna prakAra ke batAye gae-1. prayoga-pariNata, 2. mizra pariNata aura vinasA pariNata (zataka 8 uddezaka 1) jIva ke vyApAra se zarIra Adi ke rUpa meM pariNata pudgaloM ko prayoga-pariNata, prayoga aura svabhAva (vinasA) ina donoM vidhiyoM ke dvArA pariNata pudgala ko mizra pariNata evaM svabhAva se pariNata pudgala ko visrasA-pariNata kahA gayA hai| sabase alpa pudgala prayoga pariNata haiM, mizra pariNata usase anantaguNa haiM tathA visrasA pariNata usase bhI anantaguNa haiN| zataka 12 uddezaka 4 meM paramANu pudgaloM ke saMyoga evaM vibhAga kA nirUpaNa hai| ___ paramANu ke saMbaMdha meM zataka 18 uddezaka 10 meM kahA hai ki paramANu pudgala eka samaya meM sAre loka ko lAMgha sakatA hai| paramANu kI yaha gati vijJAna ke lie bhI anveSaNIya hai| eka paramANu meM bhI varNa, gandha, rasa evaM sparza ko svIkAra kiyA gayA hai| zataka 16 uddezaka 18 meM pudgala kI svAbhAvika gatizIlatA batAyI hai| dharmAstikAya usakA preraka nahIM sahAyaka hai| paramANu meM jIvanimittaka gati nahIM hotI, kyoMki paramANu jIva ke dvArA grahaNa nahIM kiyA jA sakatA aura pudgala ko grahaNa kiye binA pudgala meM pariNamana karAne kI jIva meM sAmarthya nahIM hai| yaha eka jJAtavya tathya hai ki bhagavatI sUtra aMga Agama hote hue bhI isameM pazcAt racita rAjapraznIya, aupapAtika, prajJApanA, jIvAbhigama tathA nandIsUtra kA atideza karake aneka sthaloM para bhagavatI sUtra ke vivaraNoM ko tathA kahIM sampUrNa uddezakoM ko saMkSipta kara diyA gayA hai| isake saMbhAvita kAraNoM kI carcA karate hue AcArya zrI hastImala jI mahArAja ne isa prakAra samAdhAna kiyA hai- "vIranirvANa saMvat 980 meM sUtra antima rUpa meM

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1174 jinavANI- jainAgama-sAhitya vizeSAGka lipibaddha kie ge| aisA pratIta hotA hai ki AgamoM ko lipibaddha karate samaya isa niyama kA pAlana karanA Avazyaka nahIM samajhA gayA ki jisa anukrama se AgamoM kI racanA huI hai, usI krama se unako lipibaddha kiyA jaay| isake pariNAmasvarUpa pazcAdvartI kAla meM racita katipaya AgamoM kA lekhana suvidhA kI dRSTi se pahale sampanna kara liyA gyaa|.....pshcaadvrtii Agama hote hue bhI jo pahale lipibaddha kara lie gae the aura unameM pUrvavartI jina AgamoM ke jo-jo pATha aMkita ho cuke the una pAThoM kI punarAvRtti na ho, isa dRSTi se bAda meM lipibaddha kie jAne vAle pUrvavartI AgamoM meM 'jahA nandI' Adi pATha dekara pazcAdvartI AgamoM aura AgamapAThoM kA ullekha kara diyA gyaa| yaha kevala punarAvRtti ko bacAne kI dRSTi se kiyA gyaa| isase mUla racanA kI prAcInatA meM kisI prakAra kI kiMcit mAtra bhI nyUnatA nahIM aatii| ho sakatA hai usa samaya AgamoM ko lipibaddha karate samaya punarAvRtti ke doSa se bacane ke sAtha-sAtha isa vizAla paMcama aMga vyAkhyAprajJapti ke ativizAla svarUpa evaM kalevara ko thor3A laghusvarUpa pradAna karane kI bhI una devarddhigaNi kSamAzramaNa Adi AcAryoM kI dRSTi rahI ho|' paM. dalasukha mAlavaNiyA ne yaha samAdhAna isa prakAra kiyA hai"yaha bhI kaha denA Avazyaka hai ki aisA kyoM nahIM kiyA gyaa| jaina paramparA meM yaha eka dhAraNA pakkI ho gayI hai ki bhagavAn mahAvIra ne jo kucha upadeza diyA vaha gaNadharoM ne aMga meM grathita kiyaa| arthAt aMgagrantha gaNadharakRta haiM aura taditara sthavirakRta haiN| ataeva prAmANya kI dRSTi se prathama sthAna aMga ko milA hai| ataeva nayI bAta ko bhI yadi prAmANya arpita karanA ho to use bhI gaNadharakRta batAnA Avazyaka thaa| isI kAraNa se upAMga kI carcA ko bhI aMgAntargata kara liyA gyaa| yaha to prathama bhUmikA kI bAta huI, kintu itane se saMtoSa nahIM huA to bAda meM dUsarI bhUmikA meM yaha paramparA bhI calAI gaI ki aMgabAhya bhI gaNadharakRta haiM aura use purANa taka bar3hAyA gyaa| arthAt jo kucha jaina nAma se carcA ho, usa sabako bhagavAn mahAvIra aura unake gaNadhara ke sAtha jor3ane kI yaha pravRtti isalie Avazyaka thI ki yadi usakA saMbaMdha bhagavAn aura unake gaNadharoM ke sAtha jor3A jAtA hai to phira usake prAmANya ke viSaya meM kisI ko sandeha karane kA avakAza milatA nahIM hai| isa prakAra cAroM anuyogoM kA mUla bhagavAn mahAvIra ke upadeza meM hI hai, yaha eka mAnyatA dRDha huii| AcArya mahAprajJa ne bhagavatIsUtra meM upAMgoM ke atideza ke saMbaMdha meM bhinna rIti se vicAra karate hue use bhagavatI meM parivardhita viSaya mAnA hai - "jahAM jahAM prajJApanA, jIvAjIvAbhigama Adi kA nirdeza hai ve saba prastuta Agama meM parivardhita viSaya haiN| yaha kalpanA una prakaraNoM ke adhyayana se spaSTa

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vyAkhyAprajJapti sUtra 175 ho jAtI hai| isakI saMbhAvanA nahIM kI jA sakatI ki prastuta Agama meM nirdezita viSaya pahale vistRta rUpa meM the aura saMkalana kAla meM unheM saMkSipta kiyA gayA aura unakA vistAra jAnane ke lie aMgabAhya sUtroM kA nirdeza kiyA gyaa| aMgabAhya sUtroM meM aMgoM kA nirdeza kiyA jA sakatA thA, kintu aMgasUtroM meM aMgabAhya sUtroM kA nirdeza kaise kiyA jA sakatA thA? vaha kiyA gayA hai| isase spaSTa hai ki una nirdezoM se saMbaMdhita viSaya prastuta Agama meM jor3akara use vyavasthita karane kA prayatna kiyA gayA hai|'' AcArya mahAprajJa Age likhate hai- "bhagavatI ke mUlapATha aura saMkalana kAla meM parivardhita pATha kA nirNaya karanA yadyapi sarala kArya nahIM hai, phira bhI sUkSma adhyavasAya ke sAtha yaha kArya kiyA jAe to asambhava bhI nhiiN|' isa saMdarbha meM uparyukta tInoM manISiyoM ke vicAra mahattvapUrNa haiM, kintu hameM isa bAta ko nahIM bhUlanA cAhie ki aMga AgamoM evaM upAMga AgamoM ko antima rUpa devarddhigaNI ne apanI vAcanA meM diyA hai| unheM samasta AgamoM evaM unakI viSayavastu kI pUrNa jAnakArI thii| ata: unhoMne yA to bhagavatIsUtra ke ativizAla AkAra ko saMkSipta karane kI dRSTi se aMgabAhya AgamoM meM Agata viSaya kA atideza bhagavatIsUtra meM kara diyA ho yA phira aMgabAhya AgamoM meM carcita saMbaddha viSaya ko bhagavatI meM sammilita karane kI dRSTi se yathAvazyaka atideza kara unheM jor3a diyA ho| aisA karane meM unakA apanA viveka hI pramukha kAraNa pratIta hotA hai| vyAkhyAprajJapti sUtra kI katipaya vizeSatAe~ isa prakAra haiM1. yaha aMgapraviSTa evaM aMgabAhya AgamoM meM AkAra meM sabase bar3A hai| 2. isameM jIva, pudgala, dharma, adharma, loka, aloka, svasamaya, parasamaya Adi ke saMbaMdha meM sUkSma jAnakAriyA~ vidyamAna haiN| 3. praznottara zailI meM yaha Agama sthUla se sUkSmatA kI ora le jAtA hai| jIva, usake zvAsocchvAsa, AhAra, garbha, Adi ke saMbaMdha meM tathA paramANu ke saMbaMdha meM isa Agama meM Azcaryajanaka sUcanAe~ upalabdha haiN| 4. adhikAMza prazna gaNadhara gautama ke dvArA pUche gae haiM tathA unake uttara bhagavAna mahAvIra dvArA diye gae haiN| roha, jayantI Adi ke dvArA pUche gae praznoM ke uttara bhI bhagavAna mahAvIra ne die haiN| 5. praznoM kA uttara dete samaya vibhajyavAda evaM syAdvAda kI zailI apanAyI gaI hai| praznoM ko katipaya khaNDoM meM vibhakta kara uttara denA vibhajyavAda hai tathA 'siyA' (syAta) pada ke prayogaparvaka uttara denA syAdavAda hai| uttara dete samaya bhagavAna mahAvIra kI dRSTi meM anekAntavAda nihita rahatA hai| isalie ve kisI dRSTikoNa vizeSa se bhinna-bhinna prakAra ke uttara dete haiM, yathA dravya evaM kSetra kI apekSA loka sAnta hai tathA kAla evaM bhAva kI apekSA loka ananta hai|

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| 176 jinavANI- jainAgama-sAhitya vizeSAGka 6. isameM nAraka kI ratnaprabhA Adi pRthviyoM, nAraka jIvoM evaM devoM kA viziSTa varNana upalabdha hai| 7. vanaspati ke varNana hetu isameM kaI zataka haiN| zataka 11, zataka 21, zataka 22 evaM zataka 23 meM vanaspatikAyika jIvoM yathA- utpala, zalUka, palAza, kumbhika, padma, kaNikA, nalina, zAli, alasI, vaMza, ikSa, darbha, abhra, tulasI Adi kA rocaka varNana hai| 8. isameM 18 pApoM evaM unameM varNa Adi kA bhI prarUpaNa hai| 9. gozAlaka kA zataka 15 meM vistRta varNana hai| isake atirikta zivarAjarSi(zataka 11 uddezaka9), jamAli (zataka 9.33,22.112, 11.9, 11.11,13.6), skanda parivrAjaka, tAmalI tApasa (zataka 3.1, 3.2, 11.9) Adi kA bhI varNana hai| 10. lezyA, vikurvaNA, samudghAta, indriya, azrutvA kevalI, svapna, kriyA, upapAta, kAla, bhASA, kevalI, jJAna Adi ke saMbaMdha meM bhI isa sUtra meM vizaSTa jAnakAriyA~ haiM, jo jJAnavardhana meM sahAyaka haiN| 11. isameM kaI naye pAribhASika zabda haiM, yathA- kalyoja, dvAparayugma, tryoja, anantaropapannaka, paramparopapannaka, anantarAvagADha, paramparAvagADha, kSudrayugma aadi| 12. karma-siddhAnta, bandha, Asrava, Ayu Adi ke saMbaMdha meM bhI yaha Agama navIna sUcanAeM detA hai| 13. isa Agama meM jJAna ke vividha kSetra jisa sUkSmatA se spRSTa haiM ve apane ApameM adbhuta haiN| vyAkhyA-sAhitya bhagavatIsUtra para na niyukti upalabdha hai, na hI koI bhaassy| eka atilaghu cUrNi hai, jisake prakAzana kA prArambha lADanU~ se prakAzita bhagavaI meM huA hai| isa cUrNi ke racayitA jinadAsa mahattara ko svIkAra kiyA gayA hai| yaha cUrNi prAkRta pradhAna hai| navAMgI TIkAkAra abhayadevasUri kI vRtti isa Agama para upalabdha hai| isakA granthamAna anuSTup zloka ke parimANa se 18616 hai| isa vRtti se bhagavatI sUtra ke rahasyoM ko samajhane meM saralatA hotI hai| ise vikrama saMvat 1128 meM aNahila pAbNa nagara meM pUrNa kiyA gayA thaa| vyAkhyAprajJapti para dUsarI vRtti malayagiri kI hai jo dvitIya zataka vRtti ke rUpa meM jAnI jAtI hai| vikrama saMvat 1583 meM harSakula ne TIkA likhii| dAnazekhara ne laghuvRtti likhii| bhAvasAgara evaM padmasundaragaNi ne bhI vyAkhyAe~ likhI haiN| dharmasiMha jI dvArA vyAkhyAprajJapti para TabbA likhe jAne kI bhI sUcanA milatI hai| pUjya ghAsIlAla jI mahArAja ne bhI isa para saMskRta meM vyAkhyA kA lekhana kiyA hai| AcArya mahAprajJa ne hindI meM bhASya-lekhana kiyA

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vyAkhyAprajJapti sUtra mAtrAmA 1771 hai, jisakA prathama khaNDa dvitIya zataka taka prakAzita hai| hindI evaM gujarAtI anuvAda aneka sthAnoM se prakAzita haiN| saMdarbha 1. (a) samavAyAMga sUtra 93, nandIsUtra 85 (ba) tattvArtharAjavArtika 1.20, SaTkhaNDAgama, bhAga 1, pRSTha 101 evaM kasAyapAhuDa, prathama adhikArapRSTha 125 ke anusAra isameM 60 hajAra praznoM kA vyAkaraNa hai| 2. iha sataM ceva ajjhayaNasaNNaM-nandIcUrNi sUtra 89 pR. 65 3. jainadharma kA maulika itihAsa, bhAga-2 ke anusAra isameM 1883 zataka haiM, jabaki Agama prakAza samiti, byAvara evaM bhagavaI (lADanUM) ke anusAra 1923 zataka haiN| 1925 zatakoM kA ullekha bhagavatIsUtra ke upasaMhAra meM pAyA jAtA hai| bIsaveM zataka ke chaThe uddezaka meM pRthvI, ap aura vAyu ina tInoM kI utpatti kA nirUpaNa hai| eka paramparA ke anusAra yaha eka uddezaka hai, dUsarI paramparA ke anusAra ye tIna uddezaka haiN| tIna uddezaka mAnane para uddezakoM kI saMkhyA 1925 ho jAtI hai| 4. anya tIna prakAra hai(a) athavA vividhatayA vizeSeNa vA AkhyAyanta iti vyAkhyA-- abhilApyapadArthavRttayaH, tA: prajJApyante ysyaam| (ba) athavA vyAkhyAnAm- arthapratipAdanAnAM prakRSTA: jJaptayo- jJAnAni yasyAM sA vyaakhyaaprjnyptiH| (sa) athavA vyAkhyAyA: arthakathanasya prajJAyAzca-taddhetubhUtabodhasya vyAkhyAsu bA prajJAyA: Apti:-prAptiH AttirvA-AdAnaM yasyAH sakAzAdasau vyAkhyAprajJaptiAkhyAprajJAttirvA vyAkhyAprajJAdvA bhagavataH sakAzAdAptirAttirvA gaNadharasya yasyAH sA tthaa| ____ abhayadevasUri ne 'vivAhapaNNatti evaM 'vibAhapaNNatti' nAmoM kI bhI saMgati batAyI hai| 5. samavAyAgasUtra , sUtra 140 6. sampAdakIya, pR. 16-17, vyAkhyAprajJapti, graMthAka 14, Agama prakAzana samiti, byAvara 7. unakI yaha prastAvanA 'bhagavatI sUtra : eka parizIlana' nAma se tAraka guru granthAlaya, udayapura se vikrama saMvat 2049 meM prakAzita ho gaI hai| 8. jaina dharma kA maulika itihAsa, bhAga--2, pR. 140, jaina itihAsa samiti, jayapura, san 1995 9. jaina darzana kA AdikAla, pR. 13 10.bhagavaI, khaNDa-1, bhUmikA pR. 33, lADanUM - 3 K 24-25, kur3I bhagatAsanI hAusiMga borDa, jodhapura (rAja.)342005

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jJAtAdharmakathA kI sAMskRtika virAsata prophesara premasumana jaina jJAtAdharmakathA sUtra meM aitihAsika kathAnakoM evaM kAlpanika dRSTAntoM ke mAdhyama se sAdhanA dRr3hatA kI prabhAvI preraNA milatI hai| isameM sAMskRtika dRSTi se bhASA, lipi, kalA, vyApAra, rIti-rivAja Adi ke saMbaMdha meM bhI prabhUta sAmagrI prApta hotI hai| prAkRta evaM jaina dharma-darzana ke pratiSThita vidvAn DaoN. premasumana jI, udayapura ne apane Alekha meM jAtAdharmakathA ke sAMskRtika mahattva ko ujAgara kiyA hai| sUtra -sampAdaka prAkRta bhASA ke prAcIna granthoM meM ardhamAgadhI meM likhita aMgagrantha prAcIna bhAratIya saMskRti aura ciMtana ke kramika vikAsa ko jAnane ke lie mahattvapUrNa sAdhana haiN| aMga granthoM meM jJAtAdharmakathA kA viziSTa mahattva hai| kathA aura darzana kA yaha saMgama grantha hai| isa grantha ke nAma meM bhI isakA viSaya aura mahattva chipA huA hai| udAharaNa pradhAna dharmakathAoM kA yaha pratinidhi grantha hai / jJAtaputra bhagavAna mahAvIra kI dharma kathAoM ko prastuta karane vAlA isa grantha kA nAma jJAtAdharmakathA sArthaka hai| vidvAnoM ne anya dRSTiyoM se bhI isa grantha ke nAmakaraNa kI samIkSA kI hai| dRSTAnta evaM dharma kathAe~ Agama granthoM meM kathA-tattva ke adhyayana kI dRSTi se jJAtAdharmakathA meM paryApta sAmagrI hai| isameM vibhinna dRSTAnta evaM dharma kathAeM haiM, jinake mAdhyama se jaina tattva-darzana ko sahaja rUpa meM janamAnasa taka pahu~cAyA gayA hai| jJAtAdharmakathA Agamika kathAoM kA pratinidhi grantha hai| isameM kathAoM kI vividhatA hai aura praur3hatA bhI / meghakumAra, thAvaccAputra, mallI tathA draupadI kI kathAe~ aitihAsika vAtAvaraNa prastuta karatI haiN| pratibuddharAjA, arhannaka vyApArI, rAjA rUkmI, svarNakAra kI kathA, citrakAra kathA, cokhA parivrAjikA Adi kathAe~ mallI kI kathA kI avAntara kathAe~ haiM / mUlathA ke sAtha avAntara kathA kI paramparA kI jAnakArI ke lie jJAtAdharmakathA AdhArabhUta srota hai| ye kathAe~ kalpanA - pradhAna evaM soddezya haiN| isI taraha jinapAla evaM jinarakSita kI kathA, tetalIputra kathA, suSamA kI kathA evaM puNDarIka kathA kalpanA pradhAna kathAe~ haiM / jJAtAdharmakathA meM dRSTAnta aura rUpaka kathAeM bhI haiM / mayUroM ke aNDoM ke dRSTAnta se zraddhA aura dhairya ke phala ko prakaTa kiyA gayA haiN| do kachuoM ke udAharaNa se saMyamI aura asayaMmI sAdhaka ke pariNAmoM ko upasthita kiyA gayA hai / tumbe ke dRSTAnta se karmavAda ko spaSTa kiyA gayA hai| dAvadrava nAmaka vRkSa ke udAharaNa dvArA ArAdhaka aura virAdhaka ke svarUpa ko spaSTa kiyA gayA hai / ye dRSTAnta kathAe~ paravartI sAhitya ke lie preraNA pradAna karatI haiN| isa grantha meM kucha rUpaka kathAe~ bhI haiN| dUsare adhyayana kI kathA dhannA sArthavAha evaM vijaya cora kI kathA hai| yaha AtmA aura zarIra ke saMbaMdha kA

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| jJAtAdharmakathA kI sAMskRtika virAsata kA 175 rUpaka hai| sAtaveM adhyayana kI rohiNI kathA pAMca vratoM kI rakSA aura vRddhi ko rUpaka dvArA prastuta karatI hai| udakajAta nAmaka kathA saMkSipta hai| kintu isameM jala-zuddhi kI prakriyA dvArA eka hI padArtha ke zubha evaM azubha donoM rUpoM ko prakaTa kiyA gayA hai| anekAnta ke siddhAnta ko samajhAne ke lie yaha bahuta upayogI hai| nandIphala kI kathA yadyapi ardha kathA hai, kintu isameM rUpaka kI pradhAnatA hai| samudrI azvoM ke rUpaka dvArA lubhAvane viSayoM ke svarUpa ko spaSTa kiyA gayA hai| chaThe adhyayana meM karmavAda jaise guru gaMbhIra viSaya ko rUpaka ke dvArA spaSTa kiyA gayA hai| gaNadhara gautama kI jijJAsA ke samAdhAna meM bhagavAna ne tUMbe ke udAharaNa se isa bAta para prakAza DAlA ki miTTI ke lepa se bhArI banA huA tUMbA jala meM magna ho jAtA hai aura lepa haTane se vaha puna: tairane lagatA hai| vaise hI kamoM ke lepa se AtmA bhArI banakara saMsAra sAgara meM DUbatA hai aura usa lepa se mukta hokara Urdhvagati karatA hai| dasaveM adhyayana meM candra ke udAharaNa se pratipAdita kiyA hai ki jaise kRSNapakSa meM candra kI cAru candrikA maMda aura maMdatara hotI jAtI hai aura zukla pakSa meM vahI candrikA abhivRddhi ko prApta hotI hai vaise hI candra ke sadRza karmoM kI adhikatA se AtmA kI jyoti maMda hotI hai aura karma kI jyoM-jyoM nyUnatA hotI hai tyoM-tyoM usakI jyoti adhikAdhika jagamagAne lagatI hai| jJAtAdharmakathA pazukathAoM ke lie bhI udgama grantha mAnA jA sakatA hai| isa eka hI grantha meM hAthI, azva, kharagoza, kachue, mayUra, meMDhaka, siyAra Adi ko kathAoM ke pAtroM ke rUpa meM citrita kiyA gayA hai| meruprabha hAthI ne ahiMsA kA jo udAharaNa prastuta kiyA hai, vaha bhAratIya kathA sAhitya meM anyatra durlabha hai| jJAtAdharmakathA ke dvitIya zrutaskaMdha meM yadyapi 206 sAdhviyoM kI kathAe~ haiM, kintu unake DhAMce, nAma, upadeza Adi eka se haiN| kevala kAlI kI kathA pUrNa kathA hai| nArI-kathA kI dRSTi se yaha kathA mahattvapUrNa hai|' jJAtAdharmakathA meM bhAratIya saMskRti ke vibhinna pakSa aMkita hue haiN| prAcIna bhAratIya bhASAoM, kAvyAtmaka prayogoM, vibhinna kalAoM aura vidyAoM, sAmAjika jIvana aura vANijya vyApAra Adi ke saMbaMdha meM isa grantha meM aise vivaraNa upalabdha haiM jo prAcIna bhAratIya saMskRti ke itihAsa meM abhinava prakAza DAlate haiN| isa grantha ke sUkSma sAMskRtika adhyayana kI nitAnta AvazyakatA hai| kucha vidvAnoM ne isa dizA meM kArya bhI kiyA hai, jo Age ke adhyayana ke lie sahAyaka ho sakatA hai| yahA~ saMkSepa meM grantha meM aMkita katipaya sAMskRtika binduoM ko ujAgara karane kA prayatna hai| bhASA aura lipi isa grantha meM pramukha rUpa se ardhamAgadhI prAkRta kA prayoga huA hai| kintu sAtha hI anya prAkRtoM ke tattva bhI isameM upalabdha haiN| dezI zabdoM kA

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180 jinavANI- jainAgama-sAhitya vizeSAGaka prayoga isa grantha kI bhASA ko samRddha banAtA hai| isa grantha prastuta kathAoM ke mAdhyama se yaha tathya bhI sAmane AtA hai ki prAcIna samaya meM sampanna aura saMskArita vyakti ke lie bahubhASAvid honA gaurava kI bAta hotI thI / meghakumAra ko vividha prakAra kI aThAraha dezI bhASAoM kA vizArada kahA gayA hai| ye aThAraha dezI bhASAeM kaunasI thIM, isa bAta kA jJAna AThavIM zatAbdI ke prAkRta grantha kuvalayamAlA ke vivaraNa se patA calatA hai / yadyapi aThAraha lipiyoM ke nAma vibhinna prAkRta granthoM meM prApta ho jAte haiN| ina lipiyoM ke saMbaMdha meM AgamaprabhAkara puNyavijayajI ma.sA. kA yaha abhimata thA ki inameM anekoM nAma kalpita haiN| ina lipiyoM ke saMbaMdha meM abhI taka koI prAcIna zilAlekha bhI upalabdha nahIM huA hai, isase bhI yaha pratIta hotA hai ki ye sabhI lipiyAM prAcIna samaya meM hI lupta ho gaI, yA ina lipiyoM kA sthAna brAhmIlipi ne le liyA hogaa| kuvalayamAlA meM udyotanasUri ne golla, madhyapradeza, magadha, antarvedi, kIra, Dhakka, sindhu, marU, gurjara, lATa, mAlavA, karnATaka, tAiya (tAjika), kozala, marahaTTa aura Andhra ina solaha bhASAoM kA ullekha kiyA hai| sAtha hI solaha gAthAoM meM una bhASAoM ke udAharaNa bhI prastuta kiye haiN| DaoN. e. mAsTara kA sujhAva hai ki ina solaha bhASAoM meM aur3a aura drAviDI bhASAe~ milA dene se aThAraha bhASAe~ ho jAtI haiM, jo dezI haiN| kalA aura dharma jJAtAdharmakathA meM vibhinna kalAoM ke nAmoM kA ullekha bhI mahattvapUrNa hai / 72 kalAoM kA yahA~ ullekha hai, jisakI paramparA paravartI prAkRta granthoM meM bhI prApta hai| ina kalAoM meM se aneka kalAoM kA vyAvahArika prayoga bhI isa grantha ke vibhinna varNanoM meM prApta hotA hai| malli kI kathA meM utkRSTa citrakalA kA vivaraNa prApta hai| citrazAlAoM ke upayoga bhI samAja meM pracalita the| jJAtAdharmakathA dharma aura darzana pradhAna grantha hai / isameM vibhinna dhArmika siddhAntoM aura dArzanika matoM kA vivecana bhI hai| samAja meM aneka matoM ko mAnane vAle dhArmika pracAraka hote the, jo vyApAriyoM ke sAtha vibhinna sthAnoM kI yAtrA kara apane siddhAntoM kA pracAra karate the| dhanya sArthavAha kI samudrayAtrA ke samaya aneka parivrAjaka unake sAtha gae the| yadyapi ina parivrAjikoM ke nAma evaM pahacAna Adi anya granthoM se prApta hotI hai / brAhmaNa aura zramaNa jaise dhArmika santa unameM pramukha the| Age calakara aise dhArmika pracArakoM kI eka sthAna para rAjA ke samakSa apane-apane matoM kI parIkSA bhI pracalita ho gaI thii| dhArmika dRSTi se jJAtAdharmakathA meM vaidika paramparA meM pracalita zrIkRSNa kathA kA bhI vistAra se varNana huA hai| zrIkRSNa, pAMDava, draupadI Adi pAtroM ke saMskArita jIvana ke aneka prasaMga varNita haiN| isa

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jJAtAdharmakathA kI sAMskRtika virAsata 181 grantha meM pahalI bAra zrIkRSNa ke narasiMharUpa kA varNana hai, jabaki vaidika granthoM meM viSNu kA narasiMhAvatAra pracalita hai| samAja sevA aura paryAvaraNa saMrakSaNa isa grantha ke dhArmika vAtAvaraNa meM bhI samAja sevA aura paryAvaraNasaraMkSaNa ke prati sampanna parivAroM kA rujhAna dekhane ko milatA hai| rAjagRha ke nivAsI nanda maNikAra dvArA eka aisI vApI kA nirmANa karAyA gayA thA jo samAja ke sAmAnya varga ke lie sabhI prakAra kI sukha-suvidhAeM upalabdha karAtI thii| vartamAna yuga meM jaise sampanna loga zahara se dUra vADI kA nirmANa karAte haiM usI kI yaha puSkaraNI vApikA thI / usake cAroM ora manoraMjana pArka the| unameM vibhinna kalAdIrghAeM aura manoraMjana zAlAeM thii| rAhagIroM aura rogiyoM ke lie cikitsA kendra bhI the / " isa prakAra kA vivaraNa bhale hI dhArmika dRSTi se Asakti kA kAraNa rahA ho, kintu samAja sevA aura paryAvaraNa saMrakSaNa ke lie preraNA thA / jJAtAdharmakathA meM prApta isa prakAra ke sAMskRtika vivaraNa tatkAlIna unnata samAja ke paricAyaka haiM / inase vibhinna prakAra ke vaijJAnika prayogoM kA bhI patA calatA hai| cikitsA ke kSetra meM solaha pramukha mahArogoM aura unakI cikitsA ke vivaraNa Ayurveda ke kSetra meM naI jAnakArI dete haiM / kucha aise prasaMga bhI haiM jahA~ isa prakAra ke teloM ke nirmANa kI prakriyA kA varNana hai jo saiMkar3oM jar3I bUTiyoM ke prayoga se nirmita hote the / unameM hajAroM svarNamudrAe~ kharca hotI thiiN| aise zatapAka evaM sahasrapAka teloM kA ullekha isa grantha meM hai / isI grantha ke bArahaveM adhyayana meM jalazuddhi kI prakriyA kA bhI varNana upalabdha hai jisase gaTara ke azuddha jala ko sApha kara zuddha jala meM parivartita kiyA jA sakatA hai|" yaha prayoga isa bAta kA bhI pratIka hai ki saMsAra meM koI vastu yA vyakti sarvathA azubha nahIM hai, ghRNA kA pAtra nahIM hai| vyApAra evaM bhUgola prAcIna bhArata meM vyApAra evaM vANijya unnata avasthA meM the / dezI evaM videzI donoM prakAra ke vyApAroM meM sAhasI vaNik putra utsAhapUrvaka apanA yogadAna karate the| jJAtAdharmakathA meM isa prakAra ke aneka prasaMga varNita haiN| samudrayAtrA dvArA vyApAra karanA usa samaya pratiSThA samajhI jAtI thI / sampanna vyApArI apane sAtha pUMjI dekara una nirdhana vyApAriyoM ko bhI sAtha meM le jAte the, jo vyApAra meM kuzala hote the / samudrayAtrA ke prasaMga meM potapaTTana aura jalapattana jaise bandaragAhoM kA prayoga hotA thA / vyApAra ke lie vibhinna prakAra kI vastue~ jahAja meM bharakara vyApArI le jAte the aura videza se ratna kamAkara lAte the| azvoM kA vyApAra hotA thaa| isa prasaMga meM azva vidyA kI vistRta jAnakArI prApta hotI hai|

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jinavANI- jainAgama-sAhitya vizeSAGka jJAtAdharmakathA kI vibhinna kathAoM meM jo bhaugolika vivaraNa prApta hotA hai vaha prAcIna bhAratIya bhUgola ke lie vizeSa upayoga kA hai| rAjagRhI, campA", vArANasI, dvArikA, mithilA, hastinApura", sAketa, mathurA, zrAvastI Adi pramukha prAcIna nagaroM ke varNana kAvyAtmaka dRSTi se jitane mahattva ke haiM, utane hI bhaugolika dRSTi se bhI / rAjagRha ke prAcIna nAma girivraja, vasumati, bArhadratapurI, magadhapura, barAya, vRSabha, RSigirI, caityaka bimbasArapurI aura kuzAgrapura the| bimbasAra ke zAsanakAla meM rAjagRha nagarI meM Aga laga jAne se vaha jala gaI isalie rAjadhAnI hetu navIna rAjagRha kA nirmANa krvaayaa| ina nagaroM meM paraspara AvAgamana ke mArga kyA the aura inakI sthiti kyA thI, isakI jAnakArI bhI eka zodhapUrNa adhyayana kA viSaya banatI hai / vibhinna parvatoM, nadiyoM, vanoM ke vivaraNa bhI isa grantha meM upalabdha haiN| kucha aise nagara bhI haiM, jinakI pahacAna abhI karanA zeSa hai| sAmAjika dhAraNAe~ 182 isa grantha meM sAmAjika rItirivAjoM, khAna-pAna, vezabhUSA evaM dhArmika tathA sAmAjika dhAraNAoM se saMbaMdhita sAmagrI bhI ekatra kI jA sakatI hai| mahArAnI dhAriNI kI kathA meM svapnadarzana aura usake phala para vipula sAmagrI prApta hai|" jainadarzana ke anusAra svapna kA mUla kAraNa darzanamohanIya karma kA udaya hai / darzanamoha ke kAraNa mana meM rAga aura dveSa kA spandana hotA hai, citta caMcala banatA hai| zabda Adi viSayoM se saMbaMdhita sthUla aura sUkSma vicAra - taraMgoM se mana prakaMpita hotA hai| saMkalpa - vikalpa yA viSyonmukhI vRttiyAM itanI prabala ho jAtI haiM ki nIMda Ane para bhI zAMti nahIM hotI / indriyA~ so jAtI haiM, kintu mana kI vRttiyAM bhaTakatI rahatI haiN| ve aneka viSayoM kA cintana karatI rahatI haiN| vRttiyoM kI isa prakAra kI caMcalatA hI svapna hai| AcArya jinasena ne svastha avasthA vAle aura asvastha avasthA vAle ye do svapna ke prakAra mAne haiN| jaba zarIra pUrNa svastha hotA hai to mana pUrNa zAMta rahatA hai, usa samaya jo svapna dIkhate haiM ve svastha avasthA vAle svapna haiM / aise svapna bahuta hI kama Ate haiM aura prAyaH satya hote haiM / mana vikSipta ho aura zarIra asvastha ho usa samaya dekhe gaye svapna asatya hote haiM "te ca svapnA dvidhA mnAtA svasthAsvasthAtmagocarAH, samaistu dhAtubhiH svasvaviSamairitarairmatA / tathyA syuH svasthasaMdRSTA mithyA svapnA viparyayAt, jagatpratItametaddhi viddhi svapnavimarzanam / / " - mahApurANa 41-59 / 60 isI prakAra dhAriNI ke dohada kI bhI vistRta vyAkhyA kI jA sakatI hai / upavana bhramaNa kA dohada bar3A sArthaka hai / dohada kI isa prakAra kI ghaTanAe~ Agama-sAhitya meM anya sthAnoM para bhI AI haiN| jaina kathA sAhitya meM, bauddha jAtakoM meM aura vaidika paramparA ke granthoM meM dohada kA aneka sthAnoM para varNana

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TamaATHISTARAMIN | jJAtAdharmakathA kI sAMskRtika virAsata hai| yaha jJAtavya hai ki jaba mahilA garbhavatI hotI hai taba garbha ke prabhAva se usake antarmAnasa meM vividha prakAra kI icchAeM ubuddha hotI haiN| ye vicitra aura asAmAnya icchAeM dohada, dohalA kahI jAtI haiN| dohada ke lie saMskRta sAhitya meM 'dvihRda' zabda bhI AyA hai| dvihRda kA artha hai do hRdaya ko dhAraNa karane vaalii| aMgavijjA jaina sAhitya kA eka mahattvapUrNa grantha hai| usa grantha meM vividha dRSTiyoM se dohadoM ke saMbaMdha meM gaharAI se cintana kiyA hai| jitane bhI dohada utpanna hote haiM unheM pA~ca bhAgoM meM vibhakta kiyA jA sakatA haizabdagata, gaMdhagata, rUpagata, rasagata aura sprshgt| kyoMki ye hI indriyoM ke mukhya viSaya haiM aura inhIM kI dohadoM meM pUrti kI jAtI hai|" nauveM adhyayana meM vibhinna prakAra ke zakunoM kA ullekha hai| zakuna darzana jyotiSazAstra kA eka pramukha aMga hai| zakunadarzana kI paramparA prAgaitihAsika kAla se calatI A rahI hai| kathA sAhitya kA avalokana karane se spaSTa hotA hai ki janma, vivAha, bahirgamana , gRhapraveza aura anyAnya mAMgalika prasaMgoM ke avasara para zakuna dekhane kA pracalana thaa| gRhastha to zakuna dekhate hI the, zramaNa bhI zakuna dekhate the| deza, kAla aura paristhiti ke anusAra eka vastu zubha mAnI jAtI hai aura vahI vastu dUsarI paristhitiyoM meM azubha bhI mAnI jAtI hai| etadartha zakana vivecana karane vAle granthoM meM mAnyatA-bheda bhI prApta hotA hai| prakIrNaka 'gaNividyA' meM likhA hai ki zakuna muhUrta se bhI prabala hotA hai| jaMbUka, cAsa (nIlakaMTha), mayUra, bhAradvAja, nakula yadi dakSiNa dizA meM dikhalAI deM to sarvasaMpatti prApta hotI hai| isa grantha meM bhI pArivArika saMbaMdhoM, zikSA tathA zAsana-vyavasthA Adi ke saMbaMdha meM bhI paryApta sAmagrI upalabdha hai| dhAriNI ke zayanakakSa kA varNana sthApatya kalA aura vastrakalA kI amUlya nidhi hai| saMdarbha 1. (ka) jJAtAdharmakathA (sampA.-paM. zobhAcanda bhArilla), byAvara, 1989 (kha) bhagavAna mahAvIranI dharmakathAo (paM. dozI), pR. 180 (ga) sTorIja phrAma da dharma Apha nAyA (bevara), iDiyana eMTIkyorI, 19 2. dhammakahANuogo (muni kamala), bhAga 2 3. jaina AgamoM meM varNita bhAratIya samAja (je.sI. jaina), vArANasI 4. aTThArasavihippagAradesI bhAsAvisArae, jJAtA, a.1 5. kuvalayamAlAkahA kA sAMskRtika adhyayana (pI.esa. jaina), vaizAlI, 1975 6. jJAtAdharmakathA (byAvara), bhUmikA (devendramuni) pR. 38-40 7. samavAyAMga, samavAya 72 8. jJAtAdharmakathA, a.16 9. kuvalayamAlAkahA, dharmaparIkSA abhiprAya, 10. jJAtAdharmakathA, a.16 11. vahI, a.13 12. vahI a. 12

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184 13. vahI a. 17 14. bhagavAna mahAvIra - eka anuzIlana ( devendramuni) pR. 241-243 15. aupapAtika sUtra 16. jJAtAdharmakathA, a. 16 jinavANI- jainAgama-sAhitya vizeSAGka 17. vahI, dvitIya zrutaskandha meM ullikhita nagara / 18. jJAtAdharmakathA (byAvara), pR. 16 19. vahI, pR. 29-30 20. jJAtAdharmakathA, a. 9 - adhiSThAtA, kalA saMkAya mohanalAla sukhAr3iyA vizvavidyAlaya, udayapura (rAja.)

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upAsakadazAMga : eka anuzIlana zrImatI suzIlA bohavA upAsaka dazAMgasUtra meM bhagavAna mahAvIra ke Ananda, kAmadeva Adi pramukha 10 zramaNopAsakoM ke jIvana caritra kA nirUpaNa hai| sabhI zrAvakoM ne bhagavAna mahAvIra se upadeza---zravaNa kara 12 vrata aMgIkAra karate hue apane jIvana ko dharma-sAdhanA meM samarpita kara diyaa| bhagavad vacanoM meM unakI dRDha zraddhA thI tathA karor3oM kI dhana sampadA hote. hue bhI unhoMne tyAgamaya jIvana kI ora aise kadama bar3hAe ki ve devoM dvArA die gae upasargoM se bhI vicalita nahIM hue| zrI sthAnakavAsI jaina svAdhyAya saMgha kI saMyojikA zrImatI suzIlA jI boharA ne upAsakadazAMga sUtra kI vizeSatAoM ko apane Alekha meM ubhArane kA prayatna kiyA hai| -sampAdaka tIrthakaroM dvArA upadiSTa evaM gaNadharoM dvArA sUtra rUpa meM prastuta dvAdazAMgI vANI hamako Agama prasAdI ke rUpa meM prApta huI hai| isake mAdhyama se bhavya jIvoM ko saMsAra sAgara se pAra hone ke lie dravyAnuyoga, caraNAnuyoga, gaNitAnuyoga evaM dharmakathAnuyoga vividha rUpa meM samajhAyA gayA hai| jisa prakAra mAtA-pitA apane baccoM ko utthAna hetu vividha prakAra se samajhAte haiM usI prakAra prabhu mahAvIra ne bhavya jIvoM ko janma-maraNa ke cakra se bacAne hetu kaI prakAra se samajhAyA hai| upAsakadazAMga sUtra dharmakathAnuyoga ke rUpa meM prastuta huaa| yaha aMgasUtroM meM ekamAtra aisA sUtra hai jisameM sampUrNatayA zramaNopAsaka yA zrAvaka jIvana kI caryA hai| jaina darzana meM sAdhanA kI dRSTi se dharma ko anagAra aura AgAra dharma do rUpoM meM prastuta kiyA gayA hai| anagAra dharma meM sabhI pApa pravRttiyoM kA tIna karaNa aura tIna yoga se tyAga tathA ahiMsAdi pAMca mahAvrata kA pAlana Avazyaka batAyA hai| isameM kisI prakAra kI chUTa (AgAra) nahIM hotI / mahAvratoM kI sAdhanA talavAra kI tIkSNa dhAra para calane ke samakakSa hai, jise sAmAnya vyakti aMgIkAra nahIM kara pAtA / AgAra sahita vratoM kA pAlana karane vAlA aNuvratI yA zramaNopAsaka kahalAtA hai / upAsaka kA zAbdika artha hai : upa- samIpa baiThane vaalaa| jo zramaNa ke samIpa baiThakara unase sadjJAna grahaNa kara sAdhanA kI ora agrasara hotA hai vaha zramaNopAsaka kahalAtA hai| upAsakadazA meM aise hI Ananda, kAmadeva Adi 10 upAsakoM kA varNana hai| jinhoMne prabhu mahAvIra ke upadezoM se prerita ho apanA jIvana sArthaka kara liyaa| upAsaka dazAMga meM varNita sabhI zrAvaka pratiSThita, samRddhizAlI evaM buddhimAna the| unakA jIvana anuzAsita, vyavasthita evaM dharmaniSTha thA / gRhastha jIvana meM rahate hue pAnI meM kamalavat kaise rahA jA sakatA hai, usakA

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186 jinavANI- jainAgama-sAhitya vizeSAGka sAMgopAMga varNana isa aMga meM upalabdha hai / kAma bhoga meM Asakta revatI kI bhogalipsA ke varNana se batAyA gayA hai ki jana sAdhAraNa ko viSaya-vAsanA kA phala kitanA duHkhadAyI hotA hai| isake citraNa dvArA niyamita saMyamita jIvana jIne kI preraNA dI gaI hai| zrI Ananda jI kI spaSTavAditA, kAmadeva kI dRr3hatA, aDigatA aura sahanazIlatA, kuNDakaulika kI saiddhAntika paTutA, sakar3Alaputra kI mithyAtvI deva-guru-dharma ke prati nispRhatA Adi guNa anumodanIya hI nahIM anukaraNIya bhI haiN| sabhI zramaNopAsaka dhana-vaibhava, mAna-pratiSThA aura anya sabhI prakAra kI paudgalika sampadA se sampanna evaM sukhI the, lekina bhagavAna mahAvIra ke upadezoM kA zravaNa karane se unakI dizA evaM dazA donoM badala gaI / ve sabhI pudgalAnandI se AtmAnaMdI bana gaye / sabhI zramaNopAsakoM ke pAsa godhana kA bhI prAcurya thaa| isase yaha prakaTa hotA hai ki go-pAlana kA usa samaya bahuta pracalana thA tathA jaina bhI khetI tathA go-pAlana ke kAma kiyA karate the| abhyaMgana vidhi ke parimANa meM zatapAta tathA sahasrapAka teloM kA ullekha hai / isakA tAtparya hai ki Ayurveda kAphI vikasita thA / Ananda ne zrAvakavrata dhAraNa karate samaya khAdya, peya, bhoga, upabhoga Adi kA jo parimANa kiyA thA, usameM usa samaya ke samRddha rahana-sahana para bhI prakAza par3atA hai / pitagRha se kanyAoM ke vivAha ke samaya sampanna gharAnoM se upahAra ke rUpa meM cala-acala sampatti dene kA bhI rivAja thA, jisa para putriyoM kA adhikAra rahatA thA jise Aja strIdhana kahA jAtA hai| yaha mahAzataka ke jIvana se patA calatA hai| vastuoM kA lena-dena svarNamudrAoM se hotA thA, dAsa-dAsI rakhane kA bhI rivAja thA / isa taraha bhagavAna mahAvIra ke samaya meM bhAratIya samAja ke samRddha vyavasthita jIvana kA . citraNa dekhane ko milatA hai| hAlAMki pratyakSa rUpa se sAdhanAmaya jIvana se inakA koI saMbaMdha nahIM hai, lekina sukhI evaM samRddha gRhastha bhI jIvana ke uttarArddha meM ina saba sukhoM ko tyAgakara kisa prakAra pauSadhazAlAoM meM ekAnta meM baiThakara kaThina zrAvaka pratimAoM ko aMgIkAra kara jIvana sArthaka karate the, yaha hama logoM ke liye dIpazikhA kA kAma karatA hai| aise zramaNopAsakoM kA saMkSipta jIvana yahA~ prastuta hai (1) Ananda zrAvaka bhagavAna mahAvIra kA ananya upAsaka Ananda zrAvaka vANijyagrAma magara meM apanI rUpaguNa sampanna patnI zivAnandA ke sAtha sukhapUrvaka raha rahe the| Ananda zrAvaka ke pAsa 12 karor3a sonaiyA kI dhanarAzi thI jisake tIna bhAga kiye hue the / 4 karor3a vyApAra meM, 4 karor3a dhana bhaMDAroM meM, 4 karor3a para bikharI meM lagA huA thA tathA cAlIsa hajAra gAyoM kA pazudhana thA / itanI

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upAsakadazAga eka anuzIlana 187 Rddhi ke dhAraka hone para bhI bhagavAna mahAvIra ke upadezoM ko sunakara unhoMne apanA jIvana pUrNata: saMyamita karate hue svayaM tathA patnI zivAnandA ne pAMca aNuvrata tathA cAra zikSAvrata rUpa bAraha prakAra kA dharma svIkAra kara liyA / sacce deva, guru, dharma aura anya tIrthiko kI ArAdhanA svIkAra kara lI / caudaha varSa nirdoSa rIti se pAlana karane ke bAda samAja ke AmaMtrita mitroM ke bIca unhoMne apane sabase bar3e putra ko apane sthAna para niyukta kiyA aura svayaM jJAtakula kI pauSadhazAlA meM cale gaye tathA vahAM gyAraha pratimAoM ko grahaNa kiyaa| pratimAoM ko dhAraNa karane se unake zarIra meM kevala asthibhAga raha gyaa| ataeva unhoMne savidhi saMthArA kara liyaa| zubha pariNAma kI dhArA meM unheM avadhijJAna ho gyaa| isa avadhijJAna meM ve pUrva, pazcima tathA dakSiNa dizA meM 500-500 yojana taka kA lavaNa samudra kA kSetra, uttaradizA meM culla himavAn-varSadhara parvata taka kA kSetra, Urdhva dizA meM saudharma kalpa taka tathA adhodizA meM ratnaprabhA naraka meM lolupAcyuta taka jAnane, dekhane lge| unhIM dinoM bhagavAna mahAvIra apane gautamAdi ziSyoM sahita vANijyagrAma meM pdhaare| gautama svAmI bele ke pAraNA ke dina Ananda zrAvaka ko darzana lAbha dene hetu pauSadhazAlA pdhaare| Ananda zrAvaka ne apane avadhi jJAna kI carcA kii| gautama ne kahA ki gRhastha ko avadhijJAna to hotA hai, parantu itanA vizAla nahIM ho sakatA / ata: tuma AlocanA kara prAyazcitta karo / Ananda ne pratyuttara meM kahA ki satya kathana kI AlocanA nahIM hotii| Apako mRSA bolane kI AlocanA karanI cAhie / gautama ko apane vacana para zaMkA huI / ve prabhu mahAvIra ke pAsa pahuMce, pUrI ghaTanA kA jikra kiyaa| prabhu ne kahA- gautama! tumane apane jJAna kA upayoga lagAkara nahIM dekhA, tuma Ananda zrAvaka ke pAsa jAkara kSamAyAcanA karo / gautamasvAmI ne pAraNA bAda meM kiyA, pahale Ananda ke pAsa jAkara kSamAyAcanA kii| vinaya dharma kI aisI mizAla durlabha hai| Ananda eka mAsa kI saMlekhanA ke pazcAt Atma-samAdhi avasthA meM deha tyAgakara prathama devaloka ke saudharmakalpa meM aruNa nAmaka vimAna meM utpanna hue| vahA~ se cyavana kara, cAra palyopama kI Ayu pUrNa kara mahAvideha kSetra meM janma lekara siddha, buddha yAvat sabhI karmoM kA kSaya kreNge| (2) kAmadeva campA nAmaka nagarI meM kAmadeva nAmaka supratiSThita evaM dhanADhya gAthApati apanI AryA bhadrA ke sAtha rahatA thA / usake pAsa 6 karor3a sonaiyA surakSita, 6 karor3a ghara - bikharI meM, 6 karor3a vyApAra meM tathA sATha hajAra gAyeM thii| unhoMne bhagavAna mahAvIra ke upadeza sunakara zrAvaka dharma aMgIkAra kara liyaa| caudaha varSa ke bAda apanA sArA kAryabhAra jyeSTha putra ko sauMpakara pauSadhazAlA meM rahakara dharma kI ArAdhanA karane lge| unakI carcA svarga loka

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188 jinavANI- jainAgama-sAhitya vizeSAGka meM indra ne kI, taba eka deva unakI parIkSA lene ke lie eka rAtri ko unake pAsa AyA tathA usane naMgI talavAra lekara dharma se vicalita karane kA prayAsa kiyaa| phira vizAlAkAra hAthI aura viSaile sarpa kA rUpa dhAraNa kara mAraNAntika kaSTa dene lgaa| lekina kAmadeva jI jarA bhI vicalita nahIM hue / aMta meM deva hAra mAna gayA aura apanA divya svarUpa prakaTa karate hue unase kSamAyAcanA kI / kAmadevajI ne zrAvaka kI gyAraha pratimAoM kA anukrama se pAlana kiyaa| isa prakAra 20 varSoM taka zrAvaka dharma kI maryAdA kara yathAvat pAlana karate hue aMta meM eka mAha kA saMlekhanA saMthArA kara AyuSya pUrNa kara saudharma kalpa ke aruNAbha vimAna meM deva rUpa meM utpanna hue| vahA~ cAra palyopama kI sthiti pUrNakara ve mahAvideha kSetra meM janma lekara siddha, buddha aura mukta hoNge| ( 3 ) culanIpitA zramaNopAsaka vArANasI nagarI meM culanIpitA nAmaka dhanADhya gAthApati apanI patnI zyAmA ke sAtha rahatA thaa| usake pAsa 8 karor3a dhana nidhAna ke rUpa meM, 8 karor3a ghara-bikharI meM tathA 8 karor3a vyApAra meM lagA huA thA aura 80 hajAra gAyeM thii| bhagavAna mahAvIra kI vANI sunakara unhoMne zrAvaka vrata aMgIkAra kiyA tathA kAlAntara meM pauSadhazAlA meM brahmacaryayukta pauSadha karate hue bhagavAna dvArA pharamAI gaI dharmaprajJapti ko svIkAra kara AtmA ko bhAvita karane lge| eka dina arddharAtri ke samaya kAmadeva kI bhAMti unakI parIkSA lene hetu eka deva AyA evaM bolA- 'yadi tU vrata bhaMga nahIM karegA to tere putra ko mArakara usake mAMsa ko ubalate hue tela ke kar3Aha meM tala kara usa mAMsa evaM rakta ko tere zarIra para siMcana karUMgA, jisase tU ArttadhyAna karatA huA mRtyu ko prApta karegA / ' culanIpitA nahIM Dare / usane vaisA hI kiyA, lekina ve vrata meM sthira rhe| isI taraha dUsare evaM tIsare putra kA bhI kiyA, phira bhI ve vicalita nahIM hue| aMta meM deva ne mA~ ko isI prakAra mAra DAlane kA Dara dikhaayaa| prathama bAra kahane para nirbhaya rahe, dUsarI, tIsarI bAra kahane para ve vicalita ho gaye aura lalakArate hue pakar3ane ke lie udyata hue to vaha deva AkAza meM ur3a gayA aura khambhA hAtha meM AyA / kolAhala sunakara mAtA bhadrA unake samIpa aayii| unhoMne kahA ki mithyAtvI deva ke kAraNa tumane yaha dRzya dekhA hai jisase terA vrata khaMDita ho gayA hai, ataeva AloyaNA karake tapa prAyazcitta kr| unhoMne aisA hI kiyaa| aMta meM Ananda zrAvaka kI taraha 20 varSa zrAvaka dharma kA pAlana kara, 11 pratimAoM kA ArAdhana kara prathama devaloka ke saudharma kalpa ke aruNaprabha nAmaka vimAna meM utpanna hue| vahAM cAra palyopama kI Ayu pUrNa kara mahAvideha kSetra meM janma lekara siddha, aura mukta hoNge| buddha

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upAsakadazAMga : eka anuzIlana (4) surAdeva sudharmA svAmI ne jambU svAmI se surAdeva zrAvaka kI yazogAthA batAte hue kahA ki vArANasI nagarI meM samRddhizAlI surAdeva gAthApati apanI patnI dhannA ke sAtha sukhapUrvaka raha rahe the| unake pAsa 18 karor3a kA dhana thA, 1 / 3 bhAga ghara bikharI, 1/3 bhAga vyApAra evaM 1 / 3 bhAga sarakSita rAzi tathA 6 vraja gAyoM ke yAnI 10 hajAra gAyoM ke eka vraja ke hisAba se 60 hajAra gAyeM thii| unhoMne bhI bhagavAna mahAvIra kI dezanA sunakara zrAvaka dharma svIkAra kiyA aura kAmadeva kI bhAMti pauSadhazAlA meM dharmaprajJapti kA pAlana karane lage / devaloka meM indra se unakI prazaMsA sunakara eka deva unakI parIkSA lene AyA aura bolA- yadi tU zrAvaka vrata kA tyAga nahIM karatA to tere tInoM putroM ko mAra kara ubalate tela meM tala kara tere zarIra para DAlUMgA evaM vaisA hI kiyA / phira bhI surAdeva ne samabhAvapUrvaka vedanA sahana kI aura dharma meM sthira rahe / taba deva ne kahA ki tere andara 16 mahArogoM - zvAsa, khAMsI, jvara, dAda, zUla, bhagaMdara, bavAsIra, ajIrNa, dRSTizUla, mastakazUla, arocaka, AMkha kI vedanA, kAna kI vedanA, khAja, udara roga aura kor3ha kA prakSepa karatA huuN| do tIna bAra kahane para ve use anArya puruSa samajhakara pakar3ane ke liye jhapaTe to deva AkAza meM ur3a gayA tathA khaMbhA hAtha meM aayaa| zoragula suna patnI dhannA aaii| usane devakRta parISaha batAkara usakA samAdhAna karate hue AlocanA, prAyazcitta karane kI salAha dii| culanIpitA kI taraha unhoMne bhI prAyazcitta karate hue 20 varSa kI zrAvaka paryAya kA pAlana kara eka mAsa kI saMlekhanA kara prathama devaloka ke aruNakAnta vimAna meM utpanna hue| vahA~ cAra palyopama kI Ayu pUrNa kara mahAvideha kSetra meM janma lekara siddha, buddha aura mukta hoNge| (5) zramaNopAsaka cullazataka bhagavAna mahAvIra ke vicaraNa kAla meM AlabhikA nAmaka nagarI meM jitazatru rAjA rAjya karate the| vahAM cullazataka nAmaka Rddhisampanna gAthApati rahatA thaa| usake pAsa surAdeva kI bhAMti 18 karor3a kA dhana thA, jisakA tIsarA bhAga ghara-bikharI, tIsarA bhAga vyApAra, tIsarA bhAga bhaMDAra meM lagA huA thA tathA dasa-dasa hajAra gAyoM ke 6 vraja the| ve bhI kAmadeva kI bhAMti pauSadhazAlA meM bhagavAna dvArA batAI gaI vidhi ke anusAra dharmadhyAna karane lge| madhyarAtri meM deva kA Agamana huA tathA surAdeva kI taraha tInoM putroM ko mArane kA bhaya dikhAyA evaM vaisA hI kiyA tathA sampUrNa sampatti ko sArI nagarI meM bikherane kA bhaya dikhAyA / cullazataka usake tIna bAra vacana sunakara usa deva ko anArya puruSa samajhakara pakar3ane uThe / zeSa surAdeva kI taraha patnI kolAhala sunakara AyI, prAyazcitta kiyA / yAvat aruNasiddha vimAna meM devarUpa se utpanna hue / cAra palyopama kI sthiti pUrNa kara ve mahAvideha kSetra meM janma lekara siddha, buddha evaM hoNge| mukta 189

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| 190 jinavANI- jainAgama-sAhitya vizeSAGka (6) zramaNopAsaka kuNDakolika kampilapura nagara meM kuNDakolika nAmaka gAthApati apanI patnI pUSA ke sAtha rahatA thaa| cullazataka kI bhAMti 18 karor3a kI dhanarAzi thI evaM usI taraha dhana ke tIna bhAga karake upayoga kiyaa| 60 hajAra gAyeM thii| bhagavAna kI vANI suna bAraha vrata dhAraNa kara sAdhu-sAdhviyoM ko prAsuka eSaNIya AhAra pAnI baharAtA huA rahane lgaa| eka dina ve dopahara ko azoka vATikA meM gye| apanI mudrikA evaM antarIya vastra utArakara dharmavidhi se cintana karane lge| usI samaya eka deva AyA tathA mudrikA evaM vastra uThAkara kahane lagA--- maMkhaliputra gozAlaka kI dharmavidhi acchI hai| usameM utthAna, bala, vIrya, puruSAkAra parAkrama Adi kucha bhI nahIM haiN| sabhI bhAvoM ko niyama se mAnA gayA hai, isa taraha niyativAda kA pakSa prastuta kiyaa| yaha bAta acchI hai na to koI paraloka hai, na purnjnm| jaba vIrya nahIM to bala nahIM, karma nahIM, binA karma ke kaisA sukha aura duHkha? jo bhI hotA hai bhavitavyatA se hotA hai| taba kuNDakolika ne kahA- tumheM yaha deva Rddhi Adi niyati se prApta hue haiM yA puruSAkAra parAkrama se? yadi devabhava ke yogya puruSArtha ke binA hI koI deva bana sakatA hai to sabhI jIva deva kyoM nahIM ho gaye? aisA kathana sunakara deva niruttara ho gayA tathA vastra evaM nAmAMkita aMgUThI rakhakara vApisa calA gyaa| bhagavAna mahAvIra usa samaya kampilapura padhAre tathA kuNDakolika kI prazaMsA karate hue kahA ki- sabhI sAdhu-sAdhviyoM ko anya tIrthiyoM ke samakSa artha, hetu, prazna, kAraNa, AkhyAna se apane mata ko puSTa karanA caahiye|| zrAvaka paryAya ke 14 varSa bItane para pandrahaveM varSa meM kAmadeva kI bhAMti jyeSTha putra ko kuTumba kA mukhiyA banAkara kuNDakolika dharmavidhi se ArAdhanA karate hue gyAraha pratimAoM ko dhAraNa kara eka mAsa kI saMlekhanA evaM saMthArA kara prathama saudharma devaloka ke aruNadhvaja vimAna meM 4 palyopama kI sthiti vAle deva hue| vahAM se mahAvideha kSetra meM janma lekara siddha, buddha aura mukta hoNge| (7) zramaNopAsaka sakaDAlaputra / polAsapura nAmaka nagara meM gozAlaka mata ko mAnane vAlA sakaDAlaputra nAmaka kumhAra apanI patnI agnimitrA ke sAtha rahatA thaa| usake pAsa eka karor3a svarNamudrAyeM nidhAna meM, eka karor3a vyApAra meM, eka karor3a kI ghara bikharI meM thI, dasa hajAra gAyoM kA eka vraja thA tathA nagara ke bAhara miTTI ke bartana banAne kI pAMca sau dukAneM thii| jinameM kaI vaitanika naukara kAma karate the| eka dina vaha azoka vATikA meM gozAlaka kI dharmavidhi kA cintana karane lgaa| tabhI vahA~ eka deva AyA aura AkAza se hI bolane lagA- "kala

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MAPTSSENA | upAsakadazAMga : eka anuzIlana 191 yahAM triloka pUjya, sarvajJa, sarvadarzI, kevalajJAna ke dhAraka, deva-dAnavoM se pUjita deva AyeMge, tuma unake pAsa jAkara paryupAsanA karanA'' aisA kahakara deva calA gyaa| sakar3Alaputra ne socA gozAlaka atizayadhArI hai ve kala AyeMge, maiM unheM pratihArika pIThaphalaka Adi kA nimantraNa duuNgaa| dUsare dina bhagavAna mahAvIra ke Ane para sakar3Alaputra dharmakathA sunane gyaa| bhagavAna ne unase kahA- deva ne gozAlaka ke lie nahIM kahA thaa| yaha suna unhoMne bhagavAna ko ucita pATha paDhAne evaM rahane ke lie 300 dukAneM de dii| phira bhagavAna se niyativAda kI apramANikatA para kaI prazna pUche jisase seTha kI sArI zaMkAe~ dUra ho gaI aura vaha bhagavAna kA bhakta bana gayA tathA patnI ko preraNA dekara prabhu mahAvIra ke dharmopadeza sunane bhejaa| vaha bhI zrAvikA bana gaI, zrAvikA vrata dhAraNa kara liye| gozAlaka sakar3Alaputra ke jainI banane para polAsapura AyA, usane bahuta prayAsa kiye, parantu vaha sakar3Alaputra ko kisI bhI taraha vicalita nahIM kara pAyA, ataeva kheda karate hue gozAlaka anya janapadoM meM vicarane lgaa| caudaha varSa zrAvaka dharma kI paryAya kA pAlana kiyaa| pandrahaveM varSa pauSadhazAlA meM dharmavidhi kI ArAdhanA karate samaya eka deva aayaa| usane eka-eka kara tInoM lar3akoM ko sakar3Alaputra ke sAmane mArA, unake nau mAMsa khaMDa kara usake zarIra para chir3akA, vaha nahIM ghabarAyA to patnI ke bAre meM bhI aisA karane ko khaa| vaha vicalita ho gayA, deva ko pakar3ane lgaa| vaha deva AkAza-mArga se calA gayA, khambhA hAtha lgaa| patnI ne vastusthiti samajhAkara prAyazcitta karavAyA, eka mAha kA saMthArA kara prathama devaloka meM 4 palyopama kI Ayu vAle aruNabhUta vimAna kA upabhoga kara mahAvideha kSetra meM janma lekara siddha, buddha aura mukta hoNge| (8) zramaNopAsaka mahAzataka rAjagRha nagara meM mahAzataka nAmaka samRddha gAthApati apanI teraha patniyoM ke sAtha sukhapUrvaka raha rahA thaa| usake pAsa 24 karor3a (svarNamudrAoM) meM se 8 karor3a bacata, 8 karor3a ghara bikharI, 8 karor3a vyApAra meM, ATha vraja yAnI 80000 pazu dhana thaa| bhagavAna mahAvIra ke guNazIla udyAna meM padhArane, dharmopadeza sunane ke bAda apanI sampatti kA parimANa kiyaa| eka bAra revatI ne socA ki bAraha sautoM (sapatniyoM)ke hote maiM yatheSTa kAmabhoga kA sevana nahIM kara sakatI, ataeva kisI taraha inakI jIvana lIlA samApta kara dI jAya, jisase inake pIhara se Aye sAre dhana kA bhI upabhoga kara skuuN| usane apanI 6 sautoM ko zastra prayoga se tathA cha: sautoM ko viSa dekara mAra DAlA tathA unakA 12 karor3a kA dhana apane adhIna kara liyA tathA bhoga meM itanI tallIna ho gaI ki madirA aura mAMsa ke binA use

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192 caina nahIM miltaa| eka bAra mahArAja zreNika ne pazuvadha banda karA diyaa| taba vaha apane pIhara se prApta govraja meM se do bachar3oM ko naukara dvArA maravA kara pratidina unakA mA~sa khAne lagI / udhara mahAzataka zramaNopAsaka ne zrAvaka vratoM ko dhAraNa kara liyaa| aisA karate 14 varSa bIta gaye / tatpazcAt unhoMne gyAraha upAsaka pratimAoM ko aMgIkAra kara liyA evaM zarIra kamajora hone para saMthArA kara liyaa| sAdhanA meM unheM avadhijJAna ho gyaa| saMsAra ke prati udAsIna vRtti ko dekhakara revatI kAmavAsanA meM unmatta hokara unmAdajanaka vacana, kAmoddIpaka bar3abar3a bolane lgii| mahAzataka ko bhI krodha A gyaa| unhoMne kahA, terI AyuSya pUrNa hone vAlI hai, sAta dina ke andara alasaka nAmaka roga se pIr3ita hokara apane kiye kukarmoM ke kAraNa pahalI naraka meM caurAsI hajAra varSa kI Ayu vAle nairayikoM meM utpanna hogii| bhagavAna mahAvIra ne gautama ko mahAzataka ko pratibodha dene bhejA ki tumheM saMlekhanA saMthArA meM satya tathA yathArtha hote hue bhI kaThora evaM akamanIya, asundara vacanoM kA prayoga nahIM karanA cAhie / gautama mahAzataka ke pAsa gaye / mahAzataka ne bhUla svIkAra kI tathA upayukta bhAvoM kI AlocanA kara samAdhipUrvaka dehatyAga kiyA tathA pahalI devaloka meM 4 palyopama kA Ayu bhoga kara mahAvideha kSetra meM siddha, buddha aura mukta hoNge| ( 9 ) zramaNopAsaka nandinIpitA zrAvastInagara meM nandinIpitA nAmaka samRddhizAlI gAthApati apanI patnI azvinI ke sAtha rahatA thA / usake 4 karor3a svarNamudrAe~ surakSita dhana ke rUpa meM, 4 karor3a vyApAra, 4 karor3a ghara bikharI meM thI tathA dasa-dasa hajAra gAyoM ke cAra saMkula the| bhagavAna mahAvIra ke zrAvastI nagara padhArane para vaha zrAvaka dharma apanAkara zramaNopAsaka bana gayA tathA zrAvaka ke bAraha vratoM kA pAlana karatA huA Ananda zrAvaka kI taraha apane jyeSTha putra ko pArivArika evaM sAmAjika uttaradAyitva sauMpa kara dharmopAsanA meM nirata rahane lgaa| bIsa varSoM taka zrAvaka dharma kA pAlana kiyA tathA anta meM deha tyAga kara pahalI devaloka meM utpanna huaa| vahAM se mahAvideha kSetra meM utpanna hokara siddha, buddha aura mukta hogaa| jinavANI- jainAgama-sAhitya vizeSAGka ( 10 ) zramaNopAsaka sAlihIpitA zrAvastI nagarI meM sAlihIpitA nAmaka eka dhanADhya evaM prabhAvazAlI gAthApati rahatA thaa| naMdinIpitA kI taraha vaha bhI 12 karor3a kA svAmI thA tathA eka bhAga vyApAra meM, eka bhAga ghara bikharI meM, eka bhAga surakSita tathA cAra gokula the| eka bAra bhagavAna mahAvIra kA zrAvastI nagarI meM padArpaNa huA / , zraddhAlujanoM meM utsAha chA gayA, sAlihIpitA bhI gyaa| usane zrAvaka dharma

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upAsakadazAMga : eka anuzIlana ZUR 9 193 svIkAra kara liyA / 14 varSa bAda apane jyeSTha putra ko gharabAra sauMpa dharmArAdhanA meM laga gayA tathA zrAvaka kI 11 pratimAoM ko dhAraNa kiyaa| unheM koI upasarga nahIM AyA / anta meM samAdhimaraNa prApta kara pahale devaloka ke aruNakIla vimAna meM deva utpanna huA, vahAM se mahAvideha kSetra meM janma lekara siddha, hoNge| buddha aura: mukta upasaMhAra ina dasa zramaNopAsakoM ke adhyayana se yaha patA calatA hai ki bhagavAna mahAvIra ke zAsana kAla meM aise zrAvaka the, jinheM deva-dAnava koI dharma se DigA nahIM sakate the / Ananda aura kAmadeva to anta taka deva ke sAmane nahIM jhuke nahIM Dare / culanIpitA mAtRvadha kI dhamakI se, surAdeva solaha bhayaMkara roga utpanna hone kI dhamakI se, cullazataka sampatti bikherane kI dhamakI se deva ko mArane kI bhAvanA se uThe avazya lekina dharma nahIM chor3A tathA Aveza lAne kA prAyazcitta bhI kara liyaa| sakar3Alaputra kI patnI agnimitrA ne Age bar3hakara pati ko prAyazcitta ke lie preraNA dii| ye sabhI caritra hameM bhI upasarga ke samaya pAkhaNDI devoM ke sanmukha vicalita na hone kI preraNA dete haiN| 1 isa sUtra meM varNita dasa zrAvakoM ke jIvana meM kaI samAnatAe~ haiM / sabhI upAsakoM ne bIsa varSa kI zrAvaka paryAya pAlana kI, zrAvaka kI gyAraha pratimAoM kI ArAdhanA kI, deva-dAnavoM aura mAnavoM dvArA pradatta ghora parISaha sahana kiye, saMlekhanA saMthArA kiyA, prathama devaloka meM 4 palyopama kI sthiti vAle deva bane tathA agale bhava meM mahAvideha kSetra meM manuSya bhava ko prApta kara mukti pAne vAle hoNge| isa prakAra kI samAnatA ke kAraNa hI AgamakAra ne ina dasa upAsakoM kA varNana isa aMgasUtra meM kiyA, anyathA yatra-tatra AgamoM meM sudarzana, tuMgiyAM ke zrAvaka, pUNiyA zrAvaka Adi kaI zrAvakoM kA varNana hai / dUsarI ora gautama gaNadhara dvArA Ananda zramaNopAsaka se kSamAyAcanA karanA bar3A udbodhaka prasaMga hai / prasannatApUrvaka apane anuyAyI se kSamA mAMgane unakI pauSadhazAlA meM pahu~ca jAte haiN| jaina darzana kA kitanA U~cA Adarza, vyakti bar3A nahIM, satya bar3A hai| eka gaNadhara apane sAdhu samAja se hI nahIM zrAvaka se bhI kSamA mAMgane sahaja cale gaye, kitanI abhimAna zUnyatA hai / kisI kavi ne ThIka hI kahA hai khuda kI khudAI se jo judA ho gayA / khudA kI kasama vaha khudA ho gayA / isa taraha yaha aMgasUtra zrAvaka-zrAvikAoM ke liye mArgadarzaka kA kAma karatA hai| hameM bhI apane pArivArika jIvana ko vyavasthita evaM anuzAsita karate hue, jIvana ke aMtima lakSya ko dhyAna meM rakhate hue jIvana

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| 194 jinavANI- jainAgama-sAhitya vizeSAGka caryA ko calAnA caahiye| jIvana kA uttarArdha kaise sArthaka ho, isake liye hamezA sajaga rahanA caahiye| --saMyojaka, zrI sthAnakavAsI jaina svAdhyAya saMgha, jodhapura jI-21, zAstrI nagara, jodhapura

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antakRt dazAsUtra zrI pI. ema. corar3iyA antakRddazAsUtra AThavA~ aMga-Agama hai| isake ATha vargoM meM 90 sAdhakoM kA varNana hai, jo usI bhava meM sAdhanA kara siddha, buddha evaM mukta hue haiN| isa Agama se karmanirjarA hetu puruSArtha kI mahatI preraNA milatI hai| mukti-prApti meM jAti, varNa, varga Adi kI bhinnatA bAdhaka nahIM banatI hai| variSTa svAdhyAyI zrI corar3iyA jI ne atIva saMkSepa meM antakRddazA sUtra kA paricaya diyA hai| - sampAdaka antakRtdazA sUtra kI parigaNanA ekAdaza aMga sUtroM meM kI jAtI hai| gyAraha aMgoM meM yaha AThavAM aMga mAnA gayA hai| yaha eka caritrapradhAna Agama hai, jisameM tIrthaMkara ariSTanemi evaM mahAvIra yuga ke 90 sAdhakoM kA varNana kiyA gayA hai| prAkRta meM isakA nAma 'antagaDadasA sutta' aura saMskRta meM isakA nAma 'antakRtdazA sUtra' hai / paryuSaNa parva meM antagaDa sUtra kA vAcana yaha eka saMyoga hI hai ki parvAdhirAja paryuSaNa ke ATha dina hote haiM evaM antakRtdazA sUtra bhI gyAraha aMgoM meM AThavAM aMga hai| isa sUtra ke ATha hI varga haiN| ATha karmoM kA sampUrNa rUpa se kSaya karane vAle mahAn sAdhakoM ke udAtta jIvana kA isameM varNana hai / parvAdhirAja paryuSaNa ke 8 dinoM meM eka aise sUtra kA vAcana honA cAhiye jo ATha hI dinoM meM pUrA ho sake aura AtmasAdhanA kI preraNA dene ke lie bhI paryApta ho / yaha sUtra laghu bhI hai tathA isameM aise sAdhakoM kI jIvana gAthAe~ haiM, jo tapa-saMyama se karma kSaya kara mokSagAmI bana cuke haiN| paryuSaNa parva aSTaguNoM kI prApti evaM aSTa karmoM kI kSINatA ke lie hai| ata: ina pAvana divasoM meM isI sUtra kA vAcana pUrNata: upayukta hai| isa sUtra meM choTe bar3e sabhI sAdhakoM kI jIvana gAthAoM kA varNana hai| inameM rAjA, rAniyA~, rAjakumAra zreSThI putroM, gAthApatiyoM, mAlAkAra, bAla, yuvaka, praur3ha evaM alpavaya vAloM ke saMyama, tapa, zruta-adhyayana, dhyAna, Atma-damana, kSamA bhAva Adi Adarza guNoM se yukta vairAgyamaya jIvana kA varNana isa sUtra meM AyA hai| isake alAvA sudarzana zrAvaka, kRSNa vAsudeva evaM devakI mahArAnI ke jIvana kI eka jhAMkI bhI darzAI gaI hai| kathAoM evaM jIvana caritroM ke mAdhyama se isa sUtra meM aneka zikSAprada, jIvana- preraka tattvoM kA mArmika rUpa se kathana kiyA gayA hai| sabase mukhya bAta yaha hai ki isa sUtra meM jina 90 sAdhakoM kA varNana kiyA gayA hai, unhoMne usI bhava meM apanI kaThora sAdhanA kara mokSa prApta kiyA hai| paryuSaNa ke 8 dinoM meM ina mahAn AtmAoM ke caritra kA vAcana, zravaNa, manana karane se zAMti, virati Adi ATha guNoM kI preraNA milatI hai|

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| 196 jinavANI- jainAgama-sAhitya vizeSAGka ATha vargoM kA saMkSipta paricaya prathama varga- antagar3adazA sUtra ke prathama varga meM dasa rAjakumAroM kA varNana hai| inake nAma haiM- 1. gautamakumAra 2. samudrakumAra 3. sAgara kumAra 4. gambhIra kumAra 5. stimita kumAra 6. acala kumAra 7. kampila kumAra 8. akSobha kumAra 9. prasenajita kumAra 10. viSNu kumaar| ina sabhI rAjakumAroM ne dIkSA grahaNa kara bAraha varSa kI dIkSA paryAya kA pAlana kara zatrujaya parvata para mAsika saMlekhanA karake mukti prApta kii| dvArikA nagarI kA bhI varNana isa varga meM AyA hai| dUsarA varga-isa varga meM una ATha rAjakumAroM kA varNana hai jo andhakavRSNi rAjA evaM dhAriNI rAnI ke putra the| unhoMne bhI dIkSA aMgIkAra kara solaha varSa taka dIkSA paryAya kA pAlana kiyA aura antima samaya zatrujaya parvata para eka mAsa kI saMlekhanA kara siddha, buddha, mukta hue| tIsarA varga-isa varga ke 13 adhyayana haiN| prathama 6 adhyayanoM meM aNIyasena kumAra, anantasena, ajitasena, anihataripu, devasena aura zatrusena kumAroM kA varNana hai| ye chahoM kumAra nAga gAthApati ke putra evaM sulasA ke aMgajAta the| bIsa varSa inakA dIkSA paryAya rahA tathA caudaha pUrvo kA adhyayana kara antima samaya meM ye eka mAsa kI saMlekhanA kara mokSagAmI hue| sAtavAM adhyayana sAraNa kumAra kA hai| AThaveM adhyayana meM gajasukumAla anagAra kA varNana hai| kRSNa vAsudeva, devakI mahArAnI, unake cha: putra muniyoM kA 3 saMghAr3oM meM eka dina AhAra ke lie rAjamahala meM AnA, devakI kI putra abhilASA evaM zrIkRSNa kI mAtR bhakti kA citraNa bhI isameM AyA hai| navAM adhyayana sumukha kumAra kA hai, jinhoMne bhagavAna ariSTanemI ke pAsa dIkSA aMgIkAra kara 20 varSa ke cAritraparyAya kA pAlana kiyA evaM antima samaya saMthArA dhAraNa kara mokSagAmI hue| 10 se 13 ina 4 adhyayanoM meM durmukha, kUpadAraka, dAruka evaM anAdRSTi kA varNana AyA hai| caturtha varga- isa varga ke 10 adhyayana haiN| isameM jAli, mayAli Adi 10 rAjakumAroM kA varNana hai| ye sabhI rAjazrI vaibhava meM pale hote hue bhI ariSTanemi ke upadeza sunakara dIkSita ho gae evaM kaThora sAdhanA kara mokSagAmI hue| pAMcavA varga- isa varga ke 10 adhyayana haiN| inameM pahale 8 adhyayana padmAvatI Adi 8 rAniyoM ke haiN| ye sabhI kRSNa vAsudeva kI paTarAniyAM thii| surA, agni aura dvIpAyana RSi ke kopa ke kAraNa bhaviSya meM dvArikA nagarI ke vinAza kA kAraNa jAnakara evaM bhagavAna ariSTanemI kI dharmasabhA meM vairAgya maya upadeza sunakara ve dIkSita ho gaI tathA kaThora dharma-sAdhanA kara siddha ,buddha , mukta ho gii| 9veM evaM 10veM adhyayanoM meM zrI kRSNa vAsudeva kI putravadhue~ 'mUlazrI' evaM 'mUladattA' kA varNana hai| ye bhI bhagavAna ke upadezoM ko sunakara saMsAra kI

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197 antakRtdazAsUtra asAratA ko jAnate hue dIkSita huI aura kaThora dharmasAdhanA karake mokSagAmI ho gii| SaSThavarga - isa varga ke 16 adhyayana haiN| isa varga se bhagavAna mahAvIra yuga ke sAdhakoM kA varNana prArambha hotA hai| prathama, dvitIya, 4 se 14 adhyayanoM meM kula 13 gAthApatiyoM kA varNana hai| tIsare adhyayana meM arjunamAlI anagAra kA vistAra se varNana AyA hai| sudarzana zrAvaka kI bhagavAna mahAvIra ke darzanoM kI utkaTa bhAvanA evaM arjunamAlI anagAra dvArA mAtra 6 mAha kI alpAvadhi meM kaThora tapa sAdhanA, samatA evaM kSamA ke dvArA bhayaMkara pApoM ko kSaya karane kA varNana bhI AyA hai / 15vA~ adhyayana bAlaka atimukta kumAra kA hai, jo yaha siddha karatA hai ki laghu vaya meM bhI saMyama aMgIkAra kiyA jA sakatA hai| 16vA~ adhyayana rAjA alakSa kA hai jinhoMne dIkSA aMgIkAra kara 11 aMgoM kA adhyayana kiyA, aneka varSoM taka cAritra paryAya kA pAlana kara vipulagiri para siddha hue / sAtavA~ varga - isake 13 adhyayana haiN| inameM nandA, nandavatI, nandottarA Adi zreNika rAjA kI 13 rAniyoM kA varNana hai| ye sabhI bhagavAna mahAvIra kI dharmasabhA meM upasthita huii| prabhu ke upadezoM se prabhAvita hokara pravrajyA grahaNa kI tathA kaThora dharmasAdhanA kara siddha gati ko prApta huI / AThavAM varga - isa varga ke 10 adhyayanoM meM jina AtmAoM kA varNana hai ve sabhI rAjA zreNika kI rAniyA~ tathA koNika rAjA kI choTI mAtAe~ thIM / bhagavAna mahAvIra ke vairAgyamaya dharmopadeza ko sunakara ve saba candanabAlA AryA ke pAsa dIkSita huI / ina saba mahArAniyoM ne kaThora tapa sAdhanA dvArA apane karmoM kA kSaya kiyaa| ina mahArAniyoM ke nAma evaM unake dvArA kiye gaye tapa isa prakAra haiM ratnAvalI kanakAvalI laghusiMha niSkrIr3ita mahAsiMha niSkrIr3ita sapta saptamikA, aSTa- aSTamikA, nava navamikA, dasa-dasamikA bhikSu paDimA laghu sarvatobhadra mahAsarvato bhadra 08. rAmakRSNA bhadrottara 09. pitRsenakRSNA- muktAvalI 10. mahAsenakRSNA- AyaMbila varddhamAna tapa 01. kAlI 02. sukAlI 03. mahAkAlI 04. kRSNA 05. sukRSNA 06. mahAkRSNA 07. vIrakRSNA uparyukta mahArAniyoM ne saMyama aMgIkAra kara svayaM ko tapa rUpI agni meM jhoMka diyaa| unakI tapasyA kA varNana sunakara hameM bhI tapa karane kI vizeSa

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198 1 preraNA milatI hai| zikSAe~ isa sUtra se hameM nimna zikSAe~ milatI haiM-- 01. 'saMyamaH khalu jIvanam' saMyama hI jIvana hai / 02. dharma kArya meM tanika bhI pramAda na kareM / vaya, kula, jAti Adi saMyama grahaNa karane meM bAdhaka nahIM bnte| 03. jinavANI- jainAgama-sAhitya vizeSAGaka sudarzana zrAvaka kI taraha hameM bhI deva, guru evaM dharma para apAra zraddhA honI caahie| 04. mAraNAntika kaSTa va parISaha Ane para bhI gajasukumAra kI taraha samabhAva meM rahanA caahie| 05. arjunamAlI anagAra kI taraha samabhAva se saMyama ke parISaha evaM kaSToM ko sahana kara karmoM kI nirjarA karanI caahie| 06. kRSNavAsudeva kI taraha dharma dalAlI karanI caahie| 07. kAlI, sukAlI Adi AryAoM kI taraha kaThora tapa sAdhanA karanI caahie| isa prakAra antakRtdazA sUtra meM aSTa karma - zatruoM se saMgharSa karane kI adbhuta preraNA bharI huI hai| isa sUtra ke pravaktA bhagavAna mahAvIra haiN| bAda meM sudharmA svAmI ne apane ziSya jambU svAmI ko isa aMga sUtra kA artha evaM rahasya btaayaa| parvAdhirAja paryuSaNa ke maMgalamaya dinoM meM hama saba isa Agama kI vANI kA svAdhyAya kara apane kaSAyoM kA upazamana kareM, mana ko sarala evaM kSamAzIla banAeM tathA tapa-tyAga kI bhAvanA meM vRddhi kareM, yahI isa sUtra kA preraNAdAyI sAra hai| -89, Audiappa Naicken Street, First Floor, Sowcarpet, Chennai-79

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antakRdazAsUtra kA samIkSAtmaka adhyayana zrI mAnamala kudAla aMtagaDadasA sUtra ke ATha vargoM ke 90 adhyayanoM meM mumukSuoM ke vairAgya, pravrajyA, adhyayana, sAdhanA evaM siddhi kA to varNana hai hI, kintu isameM vAsudeva zrIkRSNa, bha. ariSTanemi, tIrthakara mahAvIra, gaNadhara gautama Adi ke jIvana saMbaMdhI ghaTanAe~ bhI upalabdha haiN| adhyavasAyI vidvAn zrI kudAla ne aMtagaDadasA sUtra' 'ke nAmakaraNa, racanAkAla, bhASAzailI, viSayavastu evaM sUtra kI vizeSatAoM para acchA prakAza DAlA hai / -sampAdaka pratyeka dharma-paramparA meM dharma graMthoM kA AdaraNIya sthAna hotA hai| jaina paramparA meM Agama- sAhitya ko prAmANika evaM AdhArabhUta graMtha mAnA gayA hai| jaina Agama - sAhitya aMga, upAMga, cheda, mUla, prakIrNaka Adi vargoM meM vibhAjita hai / yaha vibhAgIkaraNa hameM sarvaprathama vidhimArgaprapA (AcArya jinaprabha 13vIM zatAbdI) meM prApta hotA hai| anya AgamoM ke vargIkaraNa meM 'aMtakRddazAMga' kA ullekha aMga praviSTa AgamoM meM AThaveM sthAna para huA hai| Agama sAhitya meM sAdhusAdhviyoM ke adhyayana - viSayaka jitane ullekha prApta hote haiM, ve saba aMgoM aura pUrvo se saMbaMdhita haiM aura ve saba hameM 'antakRddazAMga' meM bhI prApta hote haiM, jaise (ka) sAmAyika Adi gyAraha aMgoM ko paDhane vAle 1. antagar3a, prathama varga meM bha. ariSTanemi ke ziSya gautama ke viSaya meM prApta hotA hai "sAmAiyamAiyAiM ekkArasaaMgAI ahijjai" 2. antagaDa, paMcama varga, prathama adhyayana meM bha. ariSTanemi kI ziSyA padmAvatI ke viSaya meM prApta hotA hai "sAmAiyamAiyAiM ekkArasaaMgAI ahijjai" 3. antagaDa, aSTama varga, prathama adhyayana meM bhagavAna mahAvIra kI ziSyA kAlI ke viSaya meM prApta hotA hai "sAmAiyamAiyAI ekkArasaaMgAI ahijjai" 4. antagaDa, SaSTha varga, 15veM adhyayana meM bhagavAna mahAvIra ke ziSya atimukta kumAra ke viSaya meM prApta hotA hai 'sAmAiyamAiyAiM ekkArasaaMgAI ahijjai" (kha) bAraha aMgoM ko par3hane vAle - antagaDa, caturtha varga, prathama adhyayana meM bhagavAna ariSTanemi ke ziSya jAlikumAra ke viSaya meM prApta hotA hai "bArasaMgI " (ga) caudaha pUrvo ko paDhane vAle 1. antagaDa, tRtIya varga, navama adhyayana meM bhagavAna ariSTanemi ke ziSya sumukhakumAra ke viSaya meM prApta hotA hai-

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jinavANI- jainAgama- sAhitya vizeSAGka "coddasapuvvAiM ahijjai" 2. antagaDa, tRtIya varga, prathama adhyayana meM bha. ariSTanemi ke ziSya aNIyasakumAra ke viSaya meM prApta hotA hai "sAmAiyamAiyAiM codasapuvvAiM ahijjai" 200 nAmakaraNa 'aMtakRdazAsUtra' meM janma maraNa kI paramparA kA anta karane vAlI pavitra AtmAoM kA varNana hone se aura isake dasa adhyayana hone se isakA nAma "antakRtdazA" hai| isa sUtra ke nAmakaraNa ke bAre meM hameM vibhinna prakAra ke ullekha prApta hote haiN| "samavAyAMga" meM isa sUtra ke dasa adhyayana aura sAta varga batAye haiN| AcArya devavAcaka ne nandIsUtra meM ATha vargoM kA ullekha kiyA hai, dasa adhyayanoM kA nhiiN|' AcArya abhayadeva ne samavAyAMga vRtti meM donoM hI uparyukta AgamoM ke kathana meM sAmaMjasya biThAne kA prayAsa karate hue likhA hai ki prathama varga meM dasa adhyayana haiM, isa dRSTi se samavAyAMga sUtra meM dasa adhyayana aura anya vargoM kI apekSA se sAta varga kahe haiM / nandIsUtrakAra ne adhyayanoM kA koI ullekha na kara kevala ATha varga batalAye haiM / yahA~ prazna yaha uThAyA jA sakatA hai ki prastuta sAmaMjasya kA nirvAha anta taka kisa prakAra ho sakatA hai? kyoMki samavAyAMga meM hI antakRddazA ke zikSAkAla dasa kahe gaye haiM jabaki nandIsUtra meM unakI saMkhyA ATha batAI hai| AcArya abhayadeva ne svayaM yaha svIkAra kiyA hai ki hameM uddezanakAloM ke antara kA abhiprAya jJAta nahIM haiN|' AcArya jinadAsagaNI mahattara ne nandIsUtra cUrNi meM aura AcArya haribhadra ne nandIvRtti meM likhA hai ki prathama varga ke dasa adhyayana hone se inakA nAma "antagaDadasAo" hai| nandIcUrNIkAra ne 'dazA' kA artha avasthA kiyA hai| yahA~ yaha bhI jJAtavya hai ki samavAyAMga meM dasa adhyayanoM kA nirdeza to hai, kintu una adhyayanoM ke nAmoM kA saMketa nahIM hai / sthAnAMgasUtra meM adhyayanoM ke nAma isa prakAra batalAye haiM- nami, mAtaMga, somila, rAmagupta, sudarzana, jamAli, bhagAli, kiMkaSa, cilvakka, phAla aura aMbaDaputra / akalaMka ne rAjavArtika" aura zubhacandra ne aMgapaNNatta" meM kucha pAThabhedoM ke sAtha dasa nAma diye haiM- nami, mAtaMga, somila, rAmagupta, sudarzana, yamaloka, valIka, kaMbala, pAla aura aMbaSTaputra / isameM yaha bhI likhA hai ki prastuta Agama meM pratyeka tIrthaMkara ke samaya meM hone vAle dasa-dasa antakRta kevaliyoM kA varNana hai| isakA samarthana vIrasena aura jayasena jo jayadhavalAkAra haiM ne bhI kiyA hai|" nandIsUtra meM na to dasa adhyayanoM kA ullekha hai aura na unake nAmoM kA nirdeza hai| samavAyAMga aura tattvArtharAjavArtika meM jina adhyayanoM ke nAmoM kA nirdeza hai ve adhyayana

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antakRt dazAsUtra kA samIkSAtmaka adhyayana 201 vartamAna meM upalabdha antakRddazAMga meM nahIM haiM / nandIsUtra meM vahI varNana hai jo vartamAna meM aMtakRddazA meM upalabdha hai| isase yaha phalita hotA hai ki vartamAna meM antakRddazA kA jo rUpa prApta hai vaha AcArya devavAcaka ke samaya ke pUrva kA hai| vartamAna meM antakRddazA meM ATha varga haiM aura prathama varga ke dasa adhyayana haiM kintu jo nAma, sthAnAMga, tattvArtharAjavArtika va aMgapaNNati meM Aye haiM, unase pRthak haiN| jaise gautama, samudra, sAgara, gaMbhIra, stimita, acala, kAMpilya, akSobha, prasenajita aura viSNu / AcArya abhayadeva ne sthAnAMga vRtti meM ise vAcanAntara kahA hai| isase yaha spaSTa parijJAta hotA hai ki vartamAna meM upalabdha antakRddazA samavAyAMga meM varNita vAcanA se alaga hai| kitane hI vidvAnoM ne yaha bhI kalpanA kI hai ki pahale isa Agama meM upAsakadazA kI taraha dasa hI adhyayana hoMge, jisa taraha upAsakadazA meM dasa zramaNopAsakoM kA varNana hai, isI taraha prastuta Agama meM bhI dasa arhatoM kI kathAe~ AI hoMgI / " uparyukta varNana se hama yaha kaha sakate haiM ki antakRddazA meM una nabbe mahApuruSoM kA jIvanavRttAnta saMgRhIta hai, jinhoMne saMyama evaM tapa sAdhanA dvArA sampUrNa karmoM para vijaya prApta karake jIvana ke antima kSaNoM meM mokSa-pada kI prApti kii| isa prakAra jIvana-maraNa ke cakra kA anta kara dene vAle mahApuruSoM ke jIvanavRtta ke varNana ko hI pradhAnatA dene ke kAraNa isa zAstra ke nAma kA prathama avayava "antakRt " hai / nAma kA dUsarA avayava 'dazA' zabda hai / dazA zabda ke do artha haiM 14 1. jIvana kI bhogAvasthA se yogAvasthA kI ora gamana 'dazA' kahalAtA hai, dUsare zabdoM meM zuddha avasthA kI ora nirantara pragati hI 'dazA' hai / 2. jisa Agama meM dasa adhyayana hoM usa Agama ko bhI 'dazA' kahA gayA hai| prastuta sUtra meM pratyeka antakRt sAdhaka nirantara zuddhAvasthA kI ora gamana karatA hai, ata: isa grantha meM antakRt sAdhakoM kI dazA ke varNana ko hI pradhAnatA dene se "antakRddazA" kahA gayA hai t antakRt dazA sUtra ke kartA evaM racanAkAla 15 aMga AgamoM ke udgAtA svayaM tIrthakara aura sUtrabaddha racanA karane vAle gaNadhara haiN| aMgabAhya AgamoM ke mUla AdhAra tIrthaMkara aura unheM sUtra rUpa meM racane vAle haiM- caturdaza pUrvI, dazapUrvI aura pratyeka buddha AcArya / " mUlAcAra meM AcArya vaTTakera ne gaNadhara kathita, pratyeka buddha kathita aura abhinnadazapUrvI kathita sUtroM ko pramANabhUta mAnA hai / " 16 isa prakAra aMgapraviSTa sAhitya ke udgAtA bhagavAna mahAvIra haiM aura inake racayitA gaNadhara sudharmAsvAmI / aMgabAhya sAhitya meM kartRtva kI dRSTi se aneka Agama sthaviroM dvArA racita haiM aura aneka dvAdazAMgoM se uddhRta haiN| vartamAna meM jo aMgasAhitya upalabdha hai vaha bhagavAna mahAvIra ke samakAlIna

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1202 jinavANI- jainAgama-sAhitya vizeSAGaka gaNadhara sudharmA kI racanA hai isalie aMga-sAhitya kA racanAkAla I. pU. chaThI zatAbdI siddha hotA hai| aMgabAhya kI racanA eka vyakti kI nahIM, ata: una sabhI kA eka samaya nahIM ho sktaa| prajJApanA sUtra ke racayitA zyAmAcArya haiM to dazavaikAlika sUtra ke racayitA AcArya zayyaMbhava haiN| nandIsUtra ke racayitA devavacAka haiM to dazA, kalpa aura vyavahAra sUtra ke kartA caturdazapUrvI bhdrbaahu| kucha vidvAn AgamoM kA racanAkAla vIra nirvANa ke pazcAt 980 athavA 993vA~ varSa jo devarddhigaNIkSamAzramaNa kA hai, mAnate haiM unakA yaha samaya mAnanA yuktisaMgata nahIM haiM, kyoMki devarddhigaNi kSamAzramaNa ne to AgamoM ko isa kAla meM lipibaddha kiyA thA, kintu Agama to prAcIna hI haiN| pahale Agama sAhitya ko likhane kA niSedha thA, use kaNThastha rUpa meM rakhane kI paramparA thii| lagabhaga eka hajAravarSa taka vaha kaNThastha rahA jisase zrutavacanoM meM kucha parivartana honA svAbhAvika thA, parantu devarddhigaNi kSamAzramaNa ne ise pustakArUr3ha kara inakA hrAsa hone se bacA liyaa| isake bAda kucha apavAdoM ko chor3akara zruta sAhitya meM parivartana nahIM huaa| kucha sthaloM para thor3A bahuta pATha prakSipta va parivartana huA hoM, kintu AgamoM kI prAmANikatA meM koI antara nahIM aayaa| antakadadazAMga kI bhASA zailI jisa prakAra veda chAndasa bhASA meM, bauddhapiTaka pAli bhASA meM nibaddha haiM, usI prakAra jaina AgamoM kI bhASA ardhamAgadhI prAkRta hai| samavAyAMga sUtra meM likhA hai ki bhagavAna arddhamAgadhI bhASA meM dharma kA vyAkhyAna karate haiM bhagavAna dvArA bhASita arddhamAgadhI Arya, anArya, dvipada, catuSpada, mRga, pazu, pakSI Adi sabhI kI bhASA meM pariNata ho jAtI hai- unake lie hitakara, kalyANakara tathA sukhakara hotI hai| AcArAMgacUrNi meM bhI isI Azaya kA ullekha hai| dazavakAlika vRtti meM bhI isI prakAra ke Azaya evaM bhAva vyakta kiye gaye haiM-- cAritra kI kAmanA karane vAle bAlaka, strI, vRddha, mUrkha, anapar3ha sabhI logoM para anugraha karane ke lie tattvadraSTAoM ne siddhAnta kI racanA prAkRta meM kii| prastuta Agama kI bhASA arddhamAgadhI hai| ___ 'antakRddazAsUtra' kI racanA kathAtmaka zailI meM kI gaI hai| isa zailI ko 'kathAnuyoga' kahA jAtA hai| isa zailI meM 'teNaM kAleNaM teNa samaeNaM' se kathA kA prArambha kiyA jAtA hai| AgamoM meM jJAtAdharmakathA, upAsakadazAMga, anuttaraupapAtika, vipAka sUtra aura antakRddazAMga sUtra isI zailI meM nibaddha kiyA gayA hai| isa Agama meM prAya: svarAntarUpa grahaNa karane kI zailI ko hI apanAyA gayA hai jaise- parivasati, parivasai, rAyavaNNato, rAyavaNNao, ekavIsAte, egavIsAe aadi| isa Agama meM prAya: saMkSiptIkaraNa kI zailI ko apanAte hue zabdAnta meM binduyojanA dvArA, aMka

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antakRt dazAsUtra kA samIkSAtmaka adhyayana 203 yojanA dvArA avaziSTa pATha ko vyakta karane kI prAcIna zailI apanAI hai| isa sUtra meM aneka sthAnoM para tapa kA varNana prApta hotA hai, isake aSTama varga meM vizeSa rUpa se tapa ke svarUpa evaM paddhatiyoM kA vivecana kiyA gayA hai, jinake anekavidha sthApanAyantra prApta hote haiN| viSayavastu antakRddazAMga sUtra meM una strI-puruSoM ke AkhyAna haiM, jinhoMne apane karmoM kA anta karake mokSa prApta kiyA hai| isameM 900 zloka (pramANa), 8 varga aura 9 adhyayana haiN| ye ATha varga kramazaH 10,8,13,10,10,16,13 aura 1 adhyayanoM meM vibhakta haiN| pratyeka adhyayana meM kisI na kisI vyakti kA nAma avazya AtA hai, kintu kathAnaka apUrNa hai| adhikAMza varNanoM ko anya sthAna se pUrNa kara lene kI sUcanA kara dI gaI hai| 'vaNNao' kI paramparA dvArA kathAnakoM ko anyatra se pUrA kara lene ko kahA gayA hai| prathama adhyayana meM gautama kA kathAnaka dvAravatI nagarI ke rAjA andhakavRSNi kI rAnI dhAriNI devI kI suptAvasthA taka varNana kara kaha diyA gayA hai aura batAyA gayA hai ki svapnadarzana, kumArajanma, usakA bAlakapana, vidyAgrahaNa, yauvana, pANigrahaNa, vivAha, prasAda evaM bhogoM kA varNana mahAbala kI kathA ke samAna citrita hai| Age vAle prAyaH sabhI adhyayanoM meM nAyaka-nAyikA mAtra kA nAma nirdeza kara varNana anyatra se avagata kara lene kI sUcanA dI gaI hai| isa Agama ke AkhyAnoM ko do bhAgoM meM vibhakta kiyA gayA hai| prathama pA~ca vargoM ke kathAnakoM kA saMbaMdha ariSTanemi ke sAtha hai aura zeSa tIna varga ke kathAnakoM kA saMbaMdha bha. mahAvIra tathA zreNika ke sAtha hai| isa Agama meM mUlata: dasa adhyayana rahe hoMge, uttarakAla meM isako vikasita kara yaha rUpa huA hai / 21 prathama varga se lekara pA~caveM varga meM zrIkRSNa vAsudeva kA varNana AyA hai| madhukaramuni dvArA saMpAdita antakRddazA sUtra kI bhUmikA meM zrIkRSNa vAsudeva kI prAmANikatA ke bAre meM vistRta varNana kiyA gayA hai unake anusAra zrIkRSNa vAsudeva jaina, bauddha aura vaidika paramparA meM atyadhika carcita rahe haiN| vaidika paramparA ke granthoM meM vAsudeva, viSNu, nArAyaNa, govinda prabhRti unake aneka nAma pracalita haiN| zrIkRSNa, vasudeva ke putra the, isalie ve vAsudeva khlaaye| mahAbhArata zAntiparva meM kRSNa ko viSNu kA rUpa batAyA hai|" gItA meM zrIkRSNa, viSNu ke avatAra haiN| mahAbhAratakAra ne unheM nArAyaNa mAnakara stuti kI hai / vahA~ unake divya aura bhavya mAnavIya svarUpa ke darzana hote haiN| zatapathabrAhmaNa meM unake nArAyaNa nAma kA ullekha huA hai / " taitarIyAraNyaka meM unheM sarvaguNasampanna kahA hai mahAbhArata ke nArAyaNIya upAkhyAna meM nArAyaNa ko sarvezvara kA rUpa diyA hai| mArkaNDeya ne yudhiSThira ko yaha batAyA hai ki janArdana hI svayaM nArAyaNa haiN| mahAbhArata meM aneka 25 26 o

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204 jinavANI- jainAgama-sAhitya vizeSAGka 27 sthaloM para unake nArAyaNa rUpa kA nirdeza hai| padmapurANa, vAyupurANa, vAmanapurANa, karmapurANa, brahmavaivartapurANa, harivaMzapurANa aura zrImadbhAgavata meM vistAra se zrIkRSNa kA caritra varNita hai| chAndogya upaniSad meM kRSNa ko devakI kA putra kahA hai| ve ghora aMgirasa RSi ke nikaTa adhyayana karate haiN| zrImadbhAgavata meM kRSNa ko 20 parabrahma batAyA hai| ve jJAna, zAnti, bala, aizvarya, vIrya aura teja ina chaha guNoM meM viziSTa haiN| unake jIvana ke vividha rUpoM kA citraNa sAhitya meM huA hai| vaidika paramparA ke AcAryoM ne apanI dRSTi se zrIkRSNa ke caritra ko citrita kiyA hai| jayadeva vidyApati Adi ne kRSNa ke premI rUpa ko grahaNa kara kRSNabhakti kA prAdurbhAva kiyaa| sUradAsa Adi kaviyoM ne kRSNa kI bAla lIlA aura yauvana - lIlA kA vistAra se vizleSaNa kiyaa| rItikAla ke kaviyoM ke ArAdhya deva zrIkRSNa rahe aura unhoMne gItikAe~ va muktakoM ke rUpa meM paryApta sAhitya kA sRjana kiyA / Adhunika yuga meM bhI vaidika paramparA ke vijJoM ne priya pravAsa, kRSNAvatAra Adi aneka grantha likhe haiM / 30 bauddha sAhitya ke ghaTajAtaka" meM zrIkRSNa caritra kA varNana AyA hai| yadyapi ghaTanAkrama meM va nAmoM meM paryApta antara hai, tathApi kRSNa kathA kA hArda eka sadRza hai / 2 jaina paramparA meM zrIkRSNa sarvaguNasampanna, zreSTha caritraniSTha, atyanta dayAlu, zaraNAgatavatsala, dhIra, vinayI, mAtRbhakta, mahAn vIra, dharmAtmA, kartavyaparAyaNa, buddhimAna, nItimAna aura tejasvI vyaktitva ke dhanI haiN| samavAyAMga meM unake tejasvI vyaktitva kA jo citraNa hai, vaha adbhuta hai, ve trikhaNDa ke adhipati ardhacakrI haiN| unake zarIra para eka sau ATha prazasta cihna the| ve naravRSabha aura devarAja indra ke sadRza the, mahAna yoddhA the / unhoMne apane jIvana meM tIna sau sATha yuddha kiye, kintu kisI bhI yuddha meM ve parAjita nahIM hue| unameM bIsa lAkha aSTapadoM kI zakti thIM, kintu unhoMne apanI zakti kA kabhI durupayoga nahIM kiyaa| vaidika paramparA kI bhA~ti jaina paramparA ne vAsudeva zrIkRSNa ko Izvara kA aMza yA avatAra nahIM mAnA hai / ve zreSThatama zAsaka the| bhautika dRSTi se ve usa yuga ke sarvazreSTha adhinAyaka the, kintu nidAnakRta hone se ve AdhyAtmika dRSTi se caturtha guNasthAna se Age vikAsa na kara ske| ve tIrthakara ariSTanemi ke parama bhakta the| ariSTanemi se zrIkRSNa vaya kI dRSTi se jyeSTha the to AdhyAtmika dRSTi se ariSTanemi jyeSTha the / eka dharmavIra the to dUsare karmavIra the, eka nivRttipradhAna the to dUsare pravRttipradhAna the| aMta: jaba bhI ariSTanemi dvArikA meM padhArate taba zrIkRSNa unakI upAsanA ke lie pahuMcate the / antakRdazA, samavAyAMga, jJAtAdharmakathA, sthAnAMga,

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antakRtdazAsUtra kA samIkSAtmaka adhyayana 205 nirayAvalikA, praznavyAkaraNa, uttarAdhyayana prabhRti AgamoM meM unakA yazasvI va tejasvI vyaktitva ujAgara huA hai / Agamika vyAkhyA sAhitya meM niryukti, cUrNi, bhASya aura TIkA graMthoM meM unake jIvana se saMbaMdhita aneka ghaTanAe~ haiN| zvetAmbara aura digambara donoM hI paramparAoM ke mUrdhanya manISiyoM ne kRSNa ke jIvanta prasaMgoM ko lekara zatAdhika graMthoM kI racanAe~ kI haiN| bhASA kI dRSTi se ve racanAe~ prAkRta, apabhraMza, saMskRta, purAnI gujarAtI, rAjasthAnI va hindI bhASA meM haiM / prastuta Agama meM zrIkRSNa kA cahu~mukhI vyaktitva nihArA jA sakatA hai / ve tIna khaNDa ke adhipati hone para bhI mAtA-pitA ke paramabhakta haiN| mAtA devakI kI abhilASApUrti ke lie ve hariNagameSI deva kI ArAdhanA karate haiN| bhAI ke prati bhI unakA atyanta sneha hai| bhagavAna ariSTanemi ke prati bhI atyanta niSThAvAna haiM / jahA~ eka ora ve raNakSetra meM asAdhAraNa vIratA kA paricaya dekara ripumardana karate haiM, vajra se bhI kaThora pratIta hote haiM, vahIM dUsarI ora eka vRddha vyakti ko dekhakara unakA hRdaya anukampA se dravita ho jAtA hai aura usake sahayoga ke lie svayaM bhI IMTa uThA lete haiN| dvArikA vinAza kI bAta sunakara ve sabhI ko yaha preraNA pradAna karate haiM ki bhagavAn ariSTanemi ke pAsa pravrajyA grahaNa kro| dIkSitoM ke parivAra ke pAlana-poSaNa Adi kI vyavasthA maiM karU~gA / svayaM kI mahArAniyA~, putra-putriyA~ aura pautra jo bhI pravrajyA ke lie taiyAra hote haiM unheM ve saharSa anumati dete haiN| AvazyakacUrNi meM varNana hai ki ve pUrNarUpa se guNAnurAgI the| kutte ke zarIra meM kulabulAte huye kIr3oM kI ora dRSTi na DAlakara usake camacamAte hue dAMtoM kI prazaMsA kI, jo unake guNAnurAga kA spaSTa pratIka hai| prastuta Agama ke pA~ca varga taka bhagavAn ariSTanemi ke pAsa pravrajita hone vAle sAdhakoM kA ullekha hai| bhagavAna ariSTanemi bAIsaveM tIrthaMkara haiN| yadyapi Adhunika itihAsakAra unheM nizcita taura para aitihAsika puruSa nahIM mAnate haiM, kintu unakI aitihAsikatA asaMdigdha hai| jaba usa yuga meM hone vAle zrIkRSNa ko aitihAsika puruSa mAnA jAtA hai to unheM bhI aitihAsika puruSa mAnane meM saMkoca nahIM honA caahie| 35 36 jaina paramparA meM hI nahIM, vaidika paramparA meM bhI ariSTanemi kA ullekha aneka sthaloM para huA hai| Rgveda meM ariSTanemi zabda cAra bAra AyA hai 1 "svasti nastArkSyo ariSTanemiH" / yahA~ para ariSTanemi zabda bhagavAna ariSTanemi ke lie hI AyA hai| isake atirakta bhI Rgveda ke anya sthaloM para 'tArkSya ariSTanemi' kA varNana hai| yajurveda aura sAmaveda meM bhI bhagavAna ariSTanemi ko tArkSya ariSTanemi likhA hai jo bhagavAna kA hI nAma honA caahie| | unhoMne rAjA sagara ko mokSamArga kA jo upadeza diyA. vaha jainadharma 37 38 ,

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206 jinavANI- jainAgama-sAhitya vizeSAGka 40 ke mokSa mantavyoM se atyadhika milatA-julatA hai / aitihAsika dRSTi se yaha spaSTa hai ki sagara ke samaya meM vaidika loga mokSa meM vizvAsa nahIM karate the / ata: yaha upadeza kisI zramaNa saMskRti ke RSi kA hI honA caahie| yajurveda meM eka sthAna para ariSTanemi kA varNana isa prakAra hai- adhyAtma yajJa ko prakaTa karane vAle, saMsAra ke sabhI bhavya jIvoM ko yathArtha upadeza dene vAle, jinake upadeza se jIvoM kI AtmA balavAna hotI hai, una sarvajJa neminAtha ke lie Ahuti samarpita karatA hU~ / " DaoN. rAdhAkRSNana ne spaSTa zabdoM meM likhA hai ki yajurveda meM RSabhadeva, ajitanAtha aura ariSTanemi ina tIna tIrthaMkaroM kA ullekha pAyA jAtA hai / " 42 skandapurANa ke prabhAsa khaNDa meM eka varNana hai-- apane janma ke pichale bhAga meM vAmana ne tapa kiyaa| usa tapa ke prabhAva se ziva ne vAmana ko darzana diye| ve ziva, zyAmavarNa, acela tathA padmAsana meM sthita the / vAmana ne unakA nAma neminAtha rakhA / neminAtha isa ghorakalikAla meM saba pApoM kA nAza karane vAle haiN| unake darzana aura sparza se karor3oM yajJoM kA phala prApta hotA hai / 43 4 prabhAsapurANa meM bhI ariSTanemi kI stuti kI gaI hai| mahAbhArata anuzAsana parva meM "zUraH zaurirjinezvara" pada AyA hai| vidvAnoM ne "zUraH zaurirjanezvaraH" mAnakara usakA artha ariSTanemi kiyA hai| 45 laMkAvatAra ke tRtIya parivarta meM tathAgata buddha ke nAmoM kI sUcI dI gaI hai| unameM eka nAma "ariSTanemi" hai| saMbhava hai ahiMsA ke divya Aloka ko jagamagAne ke kAraNa ariSTanemi atyadhika lokapriya ho gaye the jisake kAraNa unakA nAma buddha kI nAma sUcI meM bhI AyA hai| prasiddha itihAsakAra DaoN. rAya caudharI ne apanI kRti vaiSNava paramparA ke prAcIna itihAsa meM zrIkRSNa ko ariSTanemi kA cacerA bhAI batalAyA hai| karnala TaoNDa ne ariSTanemi ke saMbaMdha meM likhA hai ki mujhe jJAta hotA hai ki prAcInakAla meM cAra medhAvI mahApuruSa hue haiM, unameM eka AdinAtha haiM, dUsare neminAtha haiM, neminAtha hI skrendrIneviyA nivAsiyoM ke prathama odina tathA cIniyoM ke prathama 'pho' devatA the| prasiddha koSakAra DaoN. nagendranAtha vasu, purAtattvavettA DaoNkTara phuharara, pro. vAraneTa, misTara karavA, DaoN. haridatta, DaoN0 prANanAtha vidyAlaMkAra prabhRti aneka vidvAnoM kA spaSTa mantavya hai ki bhagavAn ariSTanemi eka prabhAvazAlI puruSa the| unheM aitihAsika puruSa mAnane meM koI bAdhA nahIM hai| chAndogyopaniSad meM bhagavAn ariSTanemi kA nAma " ghora aMgirasa RSi' AyA hai, jinhoMne zrI kRSNa ko AtmayajJa kI zikSA pradAna kI thii| dharmAnanda kauzAmbI kA mAnanA hai ki AMgirasa bhagavAn ariSTanemi kA hI nAma

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| antakRtadazAsUtra kA samIkSAtmaka adhyayana / 2071 thaa| AMgirasa RSi ne zrIkRSNa se kahA- zrIkRSNa jaba mAnava kA anta samaya sannikaTa Aye usa samaya usako tIna bAtoM kA smaraNa karanA caahiye| 1. tvaM akSatamasi-tU avinazvara hai| 2. tvaM acyutamasi- tU acyuta hai| 3. tvaM prANasaMzitamasi-tU prANiyoM kA jIvanadAtA hai| / prastuta upadeza ko zravaNakara zrIkRSNa apipAsa ho gye| ve apane Apako dhanya anubhava karane lge| prastuta kathana kI tulanA antakRddazA meM Aye hue bhagavAna ariSTanemi ke isa kathana se kara sakate haiM ki jaba bhagavAna ke mu~ha se dvArikA kA vinAza aura jarAkumAra ke hAtha se svayaM apanI mRtyu kI bAta sunakara zrIkRSNa kA mukhakamala murajhA jAtA hai, taba bhagavAna kahate haiM- he zrIkRSNa! tuma cintA na kro| AgAmI bhava meM tuma amama nAmaka tIrthakara bnoge| yaha sunakara zrIkRSNa saMtuSTa evaM khedarahita ho gye| prastuta Agama meM zrIkRSNa ke choTe bhAI gajasukumAra kA prasaMga atyanta preraNAspada evaM rocaka hai| ve bhagavAn ariSTanemi ke upadeza se itane prabhAvita hue ki saba kucha chor3akara zramaNa bana jAte haiM aura mahAkAla nAmaka zmazAna meM jAkara bhikSu mahApratimA ko svIkAra kara dhyAna meM lIna ho jAte haiN| idhara somila nAmaka brAhmaNa dekhatA hai ki merA hone vAlA jAmAtA zramaNa bana gayA hai to use atyanta krodha AtA hai aura socatA hai ki isane merI beTI ke jIvana se khilavAr3a kiyA hai, krodha se usakA viveka kSINa ho jAtA hai| usane gajasukumAra muni ke sira para miTTI kI pAla bAMdhakara dhadhakate aMgAra rakha diye| unake mastaka, camar3I, majjA, mAMsa Adi ke jalane se mahAbhayaMkara vedanA hotI hai phira bhI ve dhyAna se vicalita nahIM hote haiN| unake mana meM jarA bhI virodha evaM pratizodha kI bhAvanA paidA nahIM hii| yaha thI roSa para toSa kI vijy| dAnavatA para mAnavatA kI vijaya, jisake phalasvarUpa unhoMne kevala eka hI dina meM apanI cAritra paryAya ke dvArA mokSa ko prApta kiyaa| caturtha varga ke dasa adhyayanoM meM una dasa rAjakumAroM kA varNana haiM jinhoMne rAjya ke sampUrNa vaibhava va ThATa-bATa ko chor3akara bhagavAna ariSTanemi ke pAsa ugra tapazcaryA kara kevalajJAna ko prApta kara mokSa prApta kiyaa| isa varga meM nimna dasa rAjakumAroM kA varNana hainAma pitA mAtA 1. jAli kumAra ma. vasudeva rAnI dhAriNI 2. mayAli kumAra ma. vasudeva rAnI dhAriNI 3. uvayAli kumAra ma. vasudeva rAnI dhAriNI 4. puru Sasena kumAra ma. vasudeva rAnI dhAriNI 5. vAriSeNa kumAra ma. vAsudeva rAnI dhAriNI

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208 6. pradyumna kumAra 7. zAmba kumAra 8. aniruddha kumAra satyanemi jinavANI- jainAgama-sAhitya vizeSAGka rAnI rUkmiNI rAnI jAmbavatI rAnI daidarbhI rAnI zivA zrIkRSNa vAsudeva zrIkRSNa vAsudeva pradyumna kumAra ma. samudra vijaya 9. kumAra 10. dRDhanemi kumAra ma. samudra vijaya rAnI zivA isa varga meM varNana AyA hai ki ina sabhI rAjakumAroM kA jIvana gautama kumAra kI taraha thA / ina sabhI ne pacAsa-pacAsa kanyAoM ke sAtha vivAha kiyA thaa| bAraha varSa taka aMgoM kA adhyayana kara solaha varSa taka saMyama kA pAlana kiyA aura anta meM zatruMjaya parvata para mukta avasthA prApta kI / pA~caveM varga ke dasa adhyayanoM meM zrIkRSNa vAsudeva kI ATha rAniyoM tathA do putravadhuoM ke vairAgyamaya jIvana kA varNana hai / zrIkRSNa kI rAniyoM meM padmAvatI, gaurI, gAndhArI, lakSmaNA, susImA, jAmbavatI, satyabhAmA tathA rUkmiNI devI aura putravadhuoM meM mUlazrI evaM mUladattA devI hai| rAjya vaibhava ko tyAgakara vairAgya mArga ko apanAne meM rAjarAniyA~ bhI kisI se kama nahIM haiM / yaha apUrva udAharaNa hai| isI varga meM bhagavAna ariSTanemi ne zrIkRSNa ko kahA thA ki ve Ane vAlI caubIsI meM jambUdvIpa ke antargata bhAratavarSa ke puNDradeza ke zatadvAra nAmaka nagara meM amama nAmaka bArahaveM tIrthaMkara bneNge| isa varga kA eka aura prasaMga mahattvapUrNa hai jisameM bhagavAna ariSTanemi dvArA dvArikA ke vinAza kA kAraNa batAyA gayA - surApAna ke kAraNa yaduvaMzI yuvaka dvaipAyana RSi kA apamAna kareMge aura dvaipAyana RSi agnikumAra deva banakara dvArikA nagarI kA vinAza kreNge| chaThe varga meM solaha adhyayana haiN| prathama aura dvitIya adhyayana meM maMkAI aura kiMkama gAthApati, tRtIya adhyayana meM arjunamAlI, caturtha adhyayana se caudahaveM adhyayana meM kAzyapa, kSemaka, dhRtidhara, kailAza, haricandana, vAradattaka, sudarzana, pUrNabhadra, sumanabhadra, supratiSThita aura meghakumAra muni, pandrahaveM adhyayana meM atimukta kumAra aura solahaveM adhyayana meM alakSa nareza kA varNana AyA hai| maMkAI tathA kiMkama ne solaha varSa taka guNaratna saMvatsara tapa kI ArAdhanA kara vipulagiri parvata para siddhAvasthA prApta kI / isake tRtIya adhyayana meM arjunamAlI aura usakI patnI bandhumatI kA mArmika varNana prApta hotA hai jo mudgarapANi nAmaka yakSa kI upAsanA karate the| lalita goSThI ke chaha sadasyoM dvArA bandhumatI ke caritra haraNa karane para arjunamAlI ko krodha AtA hai aura mudgarapANi yakSa ke sahayoga se una chahoM sadasyoM ko mAra detA hai| bhagavAna mahAvIra ke rAjagRha nagara meM Agamana para sudarzana nAmaka zreSThI unake darzanArtha jAte haiN| sudarzana para bhI vaha krodhita hotA hai, parantu sudarzana apane jIvana ko samatA sAdhanA meM lagAkara arjunamAlI kA krodha zAMta kara detA hai aura ve donoM bhagavAna ke pAsa pahu~ca kara zramaNadIkSA

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| antakRtadazAsUtra kA samIkSAtmaka adhyayana 2097 aMgIkAra kara ugra tapazcaryA karate haiN| jinake nAma se eka dina bar3e-bar3e vIroM ke pAMva tharrAte the aura hRdaya kAMpate the, jisane teraha dina meM 1141 vyaktiyoM kI hatyAe~ kI thIM, vahI arjunamAlI zramaNadIkSA grahaNa kara logoM ke kaTuvacana tathA tiraskAra ko nirjarA kA hetu samajhakara apanI indriyoM kA damana karatA hai| vaha nimitta ko doSI nahIM mAnate hue, apane karmoM kA doSa mAnate hue, samatva bhAvanA kA cintana karate hue, bhayaMkara upasargoM ko zAnta bhAva se sahana karatA huA ugra sAdhanA ke dvArA chaha mAha meM hI mukti prApta kara letA hai| isI varga ke pandrahaveM adhyayana meM bAlamuni atimuktaka kumAra kA mArmika varNana prApta hotA hai jo sAdhanA kI dRSTi se sabhI muniyoM ke lie preraNAsrota hai| isa prasaMga se yaha siddha hotA hai ki sAdhanA kI dRSTi se vaya kI pradhAnatA nahIM hai jo sAdhaka vaya kI dRSTi se bhale hI choTA ho, parantu yadi usameM sAdhanA kI yogyatA hai to vaha dIkSita ho sakatA hai| isa adhyayana meM atimuktaka aura gautama gaNadhara kA samAgama aura bhagavAna mahAvIra se carcAe~ mukhya haiN| atimuktaka kumAra kA unake mAtA-pitA ke sAtha saMsAra kI kSaNabhaMguratA kA prasaMga mArmika hai mAtA-pitA ne atimuktaka kumAra ko isa prakAra kahA- 'he putra! tuma abhI bAlaka ho| asaMbuddha ho| tuma abhI dharma tattva ko kyA jAnate ho? taba atimuktaka kumAra ne kahA- he mAtA-pitA! maiM jisako jAnatA hU~, usako nahIM jAnatA hU~ aura jisako nahIM jAnatA hU~ usako jAnatA huuN| taba unhoMne kahA- he mAtA-pitA! maiM jAnatA hU~ ki jisane janma liyA hai usakI mRtyu nizcita hai, kintu maiM yaha nahIM jAnatA ki mRtyu kaba, kisa samaya athavA kahA~ arthAt kisa sthAna para kaisI avasthA meM aayegii| jIva kina karmoM se naraka Adi meM janma lete haiM yaha maiM nahI jAnatA, kintu yaha jAnatA hU~ ki karmabandha ke kAraNoM se nArakI Adi yoniyoM meM janma lete haiN| ata: maiM saMyama aMgIkAra karanA cAhatA huuN| bhagavatI sUtra meM ullekha hai ki zauca ke lie jAte samaya rAste meM pAnI ko dekhakara atimuktaka kumAra kA bAlakapana ubhara AyA aura eka pAtra usa pAnI meM chor3akara ve kahane lage"tira merI naiyA tir"| parantu anya sthaviroM ko unakA yaha kRtya zramaNamaryAdA ke viparIta lgaa| ata: unheM upAlambha diyaa| atimuktaka ko isa kRtya para atyanta pazcAttApa huaa| bhagavAna mahAvIra ne sthaviroM ke mana kI bhAvanA ko jAnakara unheM kahA ki atimuktaka isI bhava meM mokSa prApta kreNge| inakI nindA aura garhaNA mata kro| yahA~ mukti ke lie pazcAttApa ke Adarza mArga ko atimukta muni ke prasaMga se darzAyA hai| saptama varga ke 13 adhyayana haiN| ina teraha adhyayanoM meM rAjagRha nagara ke samrAT rAjA zreNika kI teraha rAniyoM ke bIsa varSa taka saMyama pAlana kara anta meM siddhatva prApti kA ullekha hai| ye teraha rAniyA~ haiM- naMdA, naMdavatI,

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1210 jinavANI- jainAgama-sAhitya vizeSAGaka naMdottarA, naMdazreNikA, marutA, samarutA, mahAmarutA, marudevA, bhadrA, subhadrA, sujAtA, sumanAyikA aura bhuutdttaa| aSTama varga ke 10 adhyayana haiN| inameM rAjA zreNika kI rAniyoM kI kaThora tapazcaryA kA varNana hai jo roMgaTe khar3e karane vAlA hai| ina mahArAniyoM ke chuTa-puTa jIvana-prasaMga anya AgamoM meM bhI vistAra se milate haiN| ye mahArAniyA~ apane jIvana ke anta meM saMlekhanApUrvaka Ayu pUrNa kara mukti prApta karatI haiN| isa varga ke prathama adhyayana meM kAlI devI ke "ratnAvalI tapa' dUsare adhyayana meM sukAlI devI ke "kanakAvalI tapa'' tRtIya adhyayana meM mahAkAlI devI ke "laghusiMha niSkrIr3ita tapa'', caturtha adhyayana meM kRSNA devI ke "mahAsiMhaniSkrIr3ita tapa", paMcama adhyayana meM sukRSNA devI ke "saptasaptamikA bhikSupratimA tapa, SaSTha adhyayana meM mahAkRSNA devI ke "laghusarvatobhadra tapa', saptama adhyayana meM vIrakRSNA devI ke "mahAsarvatobhadra tapa'', aSTama adhyayana meM rAmakRSNA devI ke "bhadrottarapratimA tapa", navama adhyayana meM pitRsena kRSNA devI ke "muktAvalI tapa'' tathA dazama adhyayana meM mahAsenakRSNA devI ke "AyaMbila varddhamAna tapa'' kA varNana hai jo zramaNoM ke lie anukaraNIya hai| 1.ratnAvalI tapa eka paripATI- tapazcaryA kAla-1 varSa 3mAsa 22 dina, tapa ke dina-1 varSa 24 dina, pAraNe ke dina-88 cAra paripATI- tapazcaryA kAla-5 varSa 2 mAsa 28 dina, tapa ke dina-4 varSa 3 mAsa 6 dina, pAraNe ke dina 352 2. kanakAvalI tapaeka paripATI- tapazcaryA kAla--1 varSa 5mAsa 12 dina, tapa ke dina-1 varSa 2 mAha 14 dina, pAraNe ke dina 88 cAra paripATI- tapazcaryA kAla-5 varSa 9 mAsa 18 dina, tapa ke dina- 4 varSa 9 mAsa 26 dina, pAraNe ke dina-352 3.khuDDAgasiMha nikIliyaM (laghusiMha niSkrIDita tapa) eka paripATI-tapazcaryA kAla-6 mAsa 7 dina, tapa ke dina- 5 mAsa 4 dina, pAraNe ke dina- 33 cAra paripATI-tapazcaryA kAla- 2 varSa 28 dina, tapa ke dina-1 varSa 8 mAsa 16 dina, pAraNe ke dina- 132 4. mahAsiMha nikIliyaM | eka paripATI-tapazcaryA kAla- 1 varSa 6mAsa 18 dina, tapa ke dina- 1 varSa 4 mAha 17 dina, pAraNe ke dina- 61 cAra paripATI-tapazcaryA kAla-6 varSa 2 mAsa 12 dina, tapa ke dina- 5 varSa 6 mAsa 8 dina, pAraNe ke dina- 244 5. satasatamikA bhikkhupaDimA tapa

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| antakRtdazAsUtra kA samIkSAtmaka adhyayana tapazcaryA kAla- 49 dina, 196 dattiyA~ 6. aTThaaTThamiyA bhikkhupaDimA tapa tapazcaryA kAla- 64 dina, 288 dattiyA~ 7. navanavamiyAbhikkhupaDimA tapa tapazcaryAkAla- 81 divasa, 405 dattiyA~ 8. dasadasamiyAbhikkhupaDimA tapa tapazcaryAkAla- 100 divasa, 550 dattiyA~ 9. khuoyAsavvatobhadda paDimA tapa tapazcaryAkAla- 75 divasa, pAraNe - 29 10. mahAsarvatobhadra paDimA tapa tapazcaryAkAla - 196 divasa, pAraNe- 49 11. bhadrotara pratimA tapazcaryAkAla- 175 divasa, pAraNe - 29 12. muktAvalI eka paripATI- tapazcaryA kAla- 11 mAsa 25 dina, tapa ke dina- 285 dina, pAraNe ke dina - 60 cAra paripATI- tapazcaryA kAla- 3 varSa 10 mAsa, tapa ke dina - 3 varSa 2 mAsa 240 dina 13. AyaMbila vardhamAna tapazcaryAkAla- 14 varSa, 3 mAsa, 20 dina, cAra paripATI - 11 mAsa 15 dina, tapa ke dina- 3 varSa 10 mAsa / bIca meM koI pAraNA nahIM / viziSTa tapazcaryA varNana - prastuta graMtha kI vizeSatA yaha hai ki isameM viziSTa tapazcaryA kA varNana kiyA gayA hai jisake mAdhyama se rAz2A zreNika kI rAniyoM ne mukti prApta kI / yahA~ ina tapazcaryAoM kA saMkSipta vivaraNa darzAyA gayA hai / paryuSaNa meM antakRddazAMga sUtra kI vAcanA kyoM ? : digambara paramparA meM paryuSaNa kAla meM tattvArthasUtra ke vAcana kI paramparA hai / aisA kahA jAtA hai ki rAjA zreNika ke zAsanakAla meM campAnagarI ke pUrNabhadra udyAna meM sudharmA svAmI ne jambUsvAmI ko aMtagaDadazAsUtra kA adhyayana karAyA thaa| vaha kAla paryuSaNa kAla nahIM thA aura zAstroM meM bhI paryuSaNa kAla meM hI isakI vAcanA kA vidhAna prApta nahIM hotA, parantu paryuSaNa kAla meM hI isakI vAcanA kI paramparA vidyamAna hai| paryuSaNa ke avasara para kaba se isakI vAcanA kI paraMparA prAraMbha huI, yaha bhI eka zodha kA viSaya hai, parantu aisA lagatA hai ki 15vIM zatI ke pazcAt arthAt lokAzAha ke pazcAt isake vAcana kI paraMparA prAraMbha huI hogii| cUMki eka ora isameM

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| 212 jinavANI- jainAgama-sAhitya vizeSAGaka mahArAjA zreNika tathA zrIkRSNa vAsudeva kI mahArAniyoM dvArA viziSTa tapazcaryAoM ke AcaraNa ke mAdhyama se muktAvasthA kA varNana hai to dUsarI ora gajasukumAra aura atimuktaka kumAra jaise zramaNoM kA tejasvI vyaktitva varNita hai aura tIsarI ora seTha sudarzana, arjunamAlI Adi ke AkhyAnoM kA mArmika varNana hai, jo sampUrNa jaina saMskRti ke lie anukaraNIya evaM Adarza hai| ata: paryuSaNa ke pAvana parva para sthAnakavAsI paramparA meM isa Agama ke vAcana kI paripATI vidyamAna hai| zvetAmbara-mUrtipUjaka samAja meM kalpasUtra ke vAcana kI paramparA hai| aMgasUtroM meM 'antakRddazA' AThavA~ aMga Agama hai| yaha ATha vargoM meM baMTA huA hai aura paryuSaNa ke dina bhI ATha hI hote haiN| isI dRSTikoNa ko sAmane rakhakara isake vAcana kI paripATI paryuSaNa ke dinoM meM huI hogii| vaise isakA vAcana kisI bhI dina kiyA jA sakatA hai| aMtakadadazAMga sUtra kI vRttiyA~ evaM anuvAda aMtakRddazAMga sUtra para saMskRta meM do vRttiyA~ prApta hotI haiM- AcArya abhayadeva aura AcArya ghAsIlAla jI ma.sA. kii| cha: hindI-anuvAda prApta hote haiN| tIna-cAra gujarAtI anuvAda bhI prakAzita hue haiN| isa taraha isa Agama ke karIba teraha saMskaraNa prApta hote haiN| eka aMgrejI anuvAda bhI prakAzita haA hai| sAmAjika evaM sAMskRtika vaiziSTya __ antagaDadazAsUtra meM kAMkadI, guNazIla udyAna, campAnagarI, jambUdvIpa, dvArikA, dUtipalAza caitya, pUrNabhadra caitya, bhaddilapura, bharatakSetra, rAjagRha, raivataka, vipulagiri parvata, sahasrAmravana udyAna, sAketa tathA zrAvastI ke paricaya ke sAtha hI isameM brAhmaNa, vaizya, zUdra aura kSatriya jAtiyoM kA paricaya bhI prApta hotA hai| brAhmaNa varNa ke vyakti vizeSa meM somazrI, somA aura somila brAhmaNa kA ullekha huA hai| vaizya varNa ke vyakti gAthApati meM kAzyapa, kiMkarmA, kailAzajI, dvaipAyanaRSi, dhRtidharajI, nAgagAthApati, pUrNabhadra, maMkAtigAthApati, meghakumAra vAstaka, sudarzana seTha (prathama evaM dvitIya), supratiSThita, sumanabhadra, sulasA, haricandana aura kssemkgaathaapti| zUdra varga meM arjunamAlI aura usakI patnI baMdhumatI tathA kSatriya varga meM rAjAoM kI dRSTi meM aMdhakavRSNi, alakSarAjA, zrIkRSNa vAsudeva, koNikarAjA, jitazatru, pradyumna, vijayarAjA, vAsudevarAjA, baladeva, samudravijaya tathA zreNika rAjA, rAniyoM meM kAlI, kRSNA, gAMdhArI, gaurI, cellaNA, jAmbavatI, devakI, dhAriNI, nandazreNikA, nandA, nandavatI, nandottarA, padmAvatI, pitRsenakRSNA, baladevapatnI bhadrA, marutadevI, marutAdevI, mahAkAlI, bhadrakRSNA, mahAmarutA, mahAsenakRSNA, mUladattA, mUlazrI, rAmakRSNA, rUkmiNI, lakSmaNA, vasudeva-patnI, vIrakRSNA, vaidarbhI,

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antakRtadazAsUtra kA samIkSAtmaka adhyayana 213 satyabhAmA, sukAlikA, sukRSNA, sujAtA, subhadrA, sumanatikA, sumarUtta, susImA aura zrIdevI / rAjakumAroM meM acala, atimukta, anaMtasena, anAdRSTi, aniyasa, aniruddha, anihata, abhicandra, akSobhakumAra, uvayAli, kAMpilya, kUpaka, gajasukumAra, gaMbhIra, gautama, jAli, dRDhanemi, dAruka, durmukha, devayaza, dharaNa, pradyumna, prasenajIta, puruSaSeNa, pUrNakumAra, mayAli, vAriSeNa, vidu, viSNu, satyanemi, samudra, sAgara, sAraNa, stimitA, sumukha, zatrusena, zAMba aura hemavanta kumAra kA varNana milatA hai| aMtagaDadazAsUtra kI katipaya vizeSatAe~ 1. caritra evaM paurANika kAvyoM ke lie isameM bIjabhUta AkhyAna samAviSTa I 2. rAjakIya parivAra ke strI-puruSoM ko saMyama dhAraNa karate hue dekhakara AdhyAtmika sAdhanA ke lie preraNA prApta hotI hai| 3. kRSNa aura kRSNa kI ATha patniyoM kA AkhyAna - samyaktvakaumudI kI kathAoM kA srota hai| jambUsvAmI kI ATha patniyA~ evaM unako samyaktva prApti kI kathAe~ bhI inhIM bIjoM se aMkurita huI haiN| 4. kathAnakoM ke bIjabhAva kAvya aura kathAoM ke vikAsa meM upAdAna rUpa meM vyavahRta hue haiN| eka prakAra se uttaravartI sAhitya ke vikAsa ke lie inheM 'jarminala AiDiyA' kahA jA sakatA hai| 5. dvArikA nagarI ke vidhvaMsa kA AkhyAna - jisakA vikAsa paravartI sAhitya khUba huA hai| 6. lalita goSThiyoM (mitra maNDaliyoM) ke aneka rUpa-arjunamAlI ke AkhyAna se prakaTa haiN| 7. prAcIna mAnyatAoM aura andhavizvAsoM kA pratipAdana yakSapUjA, manuSya ke zarIra meM yakSa kA praveza Adi ke dvArA kiyA gayA hai| 8. ahiMsaka ke samakSa hiMsAvRtti kA kAphUra honA aura ahiMsA vRtti meM pariNata honA- arjuna lauha mudgara se nagaravAsiyoM kA vidhvaMsa karatA hai, kintu bhagavAna mahAvIra ke samakSa jAkara vaha natamastaka ho jAtA hai aura pravrajyA grahaNa kara letA hai| 9. nagara, parvata - raivataka, Ayatana surapriya, yakSAyatana Adi kA varNana kAvyagraMthoM ke lie upakaraNa bnaa| 10. devakI ke putra gajasukumAra ke dIkSita ho jAne para somila ne dhyAnastha dazA meM use jalA diyA / atyanta vedanA hone para bhI vaha zAMta bhAva se kaSTa sahana karatA rahA, yaha AkhyAna sAhitya - nirmAtAoM ko itanA priya huA, jisase 'gajasukumAra' nAmaka svatantra kAvyagraMtha likhe gaye / 52 isa prakAra antagaDadazAMga aMga-AgamoM meM apanA viziSTa sthAna

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1 214 jinavANI- jainAgama-sAhitya vizeSAGka rakhatA hai| isa zrutAMga ke AkhyAnoM ko do bhAgoM meM vibhakta kiyA jA sakatA hai| Adi ke pA~ca vargoM ke kathAnakoM kA saMbaMdha ariSTanemi ke sAtha hai aura zeSa tIna varga ke kathAnakoM kA saMbaMdha mahAvIra tathA zreNika ke sAtha hai| prastuta Agama meM vividha kathAoM ke mAdhyama se sarala evaM mArmika tarIke se vividha tapazcaryAoM kA vivecana kiyA gayA hai aura yaha pratipAdita kiyA gayA hai ki kisa prakAra vyakti apanI Atma-sAdhanA ke dvArA jIvana ke antima lakSya "mukti' ko prApta karatA hai| saMdarbha 1. vidhimArgaprapA- pRSTha 55 / / 2. samavAyAMga prakIrNaka, samavAya, 86 3. nandIsUtra 88 4. samavAyAMga vRtti patra, 112 5. vahI, patra, 112 6. nandIsUtra cUrNisahita patra 68 7. vahI, patra 73 8. vahI, patra, 68 9. sthAnAMga sUtra 10/113 10. tattvArtharAjavArtika 1/20, pR. 73 11. aMgapaNNatti, 51 12. kasAyapAhuDa, bhAga 1, pR.130 13. "tato vAcanAntarAkSANImAnIti smbhaavaam:|' sthAnAMgavRtti patra 483 14. antakRddazA madhukara muni, bhUmikA pR. 24 15. droNasUri, oghaniyukti, pR. 3 16. suttaM gaNadharakathidaM, taheva patteyabuddhakathidaM c| sudakevaliNA kathidaM abhiNNadesapusvikAthadaM c||- mUlAcAra 5/80 17. (ka) sUtrakRtAMga-zIlAMkAcArya vRtti, patra 336 (kha) sthAnAMga sUtra, abhayadeva vRtti praarNbh| (ga) dazavaikAlikasUtra cUrNi, pR. 29 (gha) nizIthabhASya-4004 18. (ka) valahipurAbhinayare, devaDDipamuheNa smnnsNdhenn| putthaI Agamu hiko navasaya asIAo viiraao| arthAt IsvI 453, matAntara se I.466 eka prAcIna gaathaa| (kha ) kalpasUtra-devendramuni zAstrI, mahAvIra adhikaar| 19. bhagavaM ca NaM addhamAgahIe bhAsAe dhmmmaaikkhii| sAvi ya NaM addhamAgahI bhAsA bhAsijjamANI tesiM savvesiM AriyamaNA-riyANaMduppaya-cauppaya-miya-pasupakkhi -sarIsivANaM appaNo hiya--siva suhayabhAsatrAe prinnmii|''--smvaayaaNg sUtra -34,22,23 20. bAlastrIvRddhamUrkhANAM nRNAM cAritrakAMkSiNAm / anugrahArtha tattvajJe: siddhAnta: prAkRtaH kRtH|| -dazavaikAlika vRtti, pRSTha 223 21. prAkRta bhASA aura sAhitya kA AlocanAtmaka itihAsa- nemicanda zAstrI, pR.

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Lociti antakRta dazAsUtra kA samIkSAtmaka adhyayana 215] 175-176 22. mahAbhArata zAntiparva a. 48 23. shriimdbhgvdgiitaa| 24. mahAbhArata-anuzAsana parva 147/18-20 25. zatapathabrAhmaNa, 13/3/4 26 taittarIyAraNyaka,10/11 27. mahAbhArata-vanaparva 16-47. udyoga parva 48.1 28. chAndogyopaniSad a.3 khaNDa 17, 2 zloka 6, gItApresa gorakhapura / 29. zrImadbhAgavata-dazama skandha 8-48, 3/13/24-25 30. bhagavAna ariSTanemi aura karmayogI zrIkRSNa- eka anuzIlana, pRSTha 176 se 186 31. jAtakakathAe~, caturtha khaNDa 454 meM ghaTajAtaka-bhadanta Ananda kaushlyaayn| 32 samavAyAMga, 158 33. Avazyakaniyukti, gAthA 415 34. antakRddazA, varga 1 se 3 taka 35. (ka) Rgveda 1/14/95 / 6 (kha) Rgveda 1/24/180/10 (ga) Rgveda 3/4/53/17 (gha) Rgveda 10/12/178/1 36. Rgveda 1/14/89/9,1/1/16,1/12/178/1 37. yajurveda 25/18 38. sAmaveda 3/8 39. mahAbhArata zAnti parva- 288/4 40. mahAbhArata zAnti parva-288/5/6 41. vAjasaneyi :mAdhyandina zuklayajurveda, adhyAya 8 maMtra 25, sAtavalekara saMskaraNa (vikrama 1894) 42. Indian Philosophy saMskaraNa(vikrama 1894) 43. skandhapurANa prabhAsa khaNDa 44. prabhAsa purANa 48/50 45. mokSamArga prakAza, paNDita ttoddrml| 46. bauddha dharma darzana, AcArya narendradeva pR.162 47. annalsa oNpha dI bhaNDArakara risarca insTITyUTa patrikA 23, pR. 122 // 48. bhAratIya saMskRti aura ahiMsA pR. 57 49. taddhaitad ghoraM aMgirasa: kRSNAya devkiiputraay| - chAndogyopaniSad pra.3, khaNDa 181 50. antakRddazAsUtra varga 5, adhyayana 1 51. bhagavatI zataka 5, uddezaka 4 52. DaoN. nemicanda zAstrI-prAkRta sAhitya kA AlocanAtmaka itihAsa, pR. 176 -o.TI.sI. skIma, udayapura

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anutta papAtikadazA sUtra suzrI zvetA jaina anuttaraupapAtika aMga Agama meM bhagavAna mahAvIra kAlIna una 33 sAdhakoM kA varNana hai jo kAla karake anuttaravimAna nAmaka zreSTha devayoni meM utpanna hue haiN| vahA~ se cyava kara mahAvideha kSetra se ye sabhI siddha, buddha evaM mukta hoNge| jainadarzana kI zodhachAtrA suzrI zvetA jaina ne isa sUtra kA samIkSAtmaka paricaya diyA hai|- sampAdaka sarvajJa kI vANI kA grathita rUpa 'Agama' hai| smRti doSa se lupta hote AgamajJAna ko surakSita rakhane ke uddezya se gaNadharoM ne ise grathita kiyA tathA kAlAntara meM ise likhita rUpa diyA gyaa| 'atthaM bhAsai arahA suttaM gaMthaMti gaNaharA niuNaM' arihaMtoM sarvajJoM dvArA artha aura sUtra rUpa meM kahe gaye vAkyoM ko gaNadharoM dvArA nipuNatA se gUMtha kara vyavasthita Agama yA zAstra kA svarUpa pradAna kiyA jAtA hai| ___gyAraha aMgoM kI zrRMkhalA meM 'anuttaraupapAtikadazA' nAmaka aMga kA navama sthAna hai| isa aMga meM bhagavAna mahAvIra ke kAla meM hue una mahApuruSoM ke kathAnaka varNita haiM, jinhoMne utkRSTa saMyama sAdhanAmaya jIvana pUrNa kara anuttara vimAna meM janma liyaa| ina vimAnoM se koI uttara (bar3hakara) vimAna na hone ke kAraNa inako anuttara vimAna kahate haiM aura jo sAdhaka apane tapomaya jIvana se inameM upapAta (janma) dhAraNa karate haiM, unako anuttaraupapAtika kahate haiN| anuttaraupapAtikoM kI vibhinna dazAoM kA varNana isa sUtra meM hone se isakA nAma 'anuttaraupapAtikadazA' rakhA gyaa| dazA zabda 'dasa' artha ko bhI prakaTa karatA hai| prathama varga meM dasa adhyayana hone se bhI ise anuttaraupapAtikadazA' kahA jAtA hai-- aisA abhayadeva kI vRtti meM ullekha prApta hotA hai"tatrAnuttareSu vimAnavizeSeSUpapAto-janma anuttroppaatH| sa vidyate yeSAM te'nuttaraupapAtikAstatpratipAdikA dazAH-dazAdhyayanapratibaddhaprathamavargayogAddazAH granthavizeSo'nuttaraupapAtikadazAstAsAM ca sambandhasUtraM / / isameM anuttaraupapAtikoM ke nagara, udyAna, caitya, vanakhaNDa, samavasaraNa, mAtA pitA, dharmaguru, dharmAcArya, dharmakathA, saMsAra kI Rddhi, bhoga. upabhoga kA tathA tapa.tyAga, pravrajyA, utsarga, saMlekhanA, dIkSA paryAya, aMtima samaya ke pAdopagamana (saMthArA) Adi, anuttara vimAna meM upapAta, vahA~ se zreSTha kula meM janma, bodhilAbha tathA mokSagamana Adi kA varNana kiyA gayA hai| __yaha Agama vartamAna meM 3 vargoM meM vibhakta hai, jinameM kramaza: 10,13 aura 10 adhyayana haiN| isa prakAra 33 adhyayanoM meM 33 mahAn AtmAoM ke bhavya jIvana kA sundara evaM preraka varNana kiyA gayA hai| isameM zreNika ke 23 aura bhadrA sArthavAhI ke 10 putroM kA kathana hai| ina donoM ke eka.eka putra ke jIvanavRtta kA nirUpaNa bistAra se karake zeSa putroM kA unake samAna kahakara

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anuttaraupapAttikadazAsUtra saMkSepaNa kiyA gayA hai| yahI kAraNa hai ki prathama varga meM jAlikumAra kA aura tRtIya varga meM dhanyakumAra kA caritra hI kucha vistAra se AyA hai aura zeSa caritroM kA sUcana mAtra huA hai| isa Agama kI Adi zrI jambU svAmI kI isa pRcchA se huI hai ki zramaNa bhagavAna mahAvIra ne nauveM aMga meM kyA bhAva pharamAe haiM? unakI jijJAsA-zamana hetu sudharmA svAmI dvArA yaha Agama prastuta kiyA gyaa| prathama varga yaha varga 10 adhyayanoM meM vibhakta hai| pratyeka adhyayana meM kramaza: jAli, mayAli, uvayAli, puruSasena, vArisena, dIrghadanta, laSThadanta, vihalla, vaihAyasa aura abhayakumAra ke saMgharSapUrNa jIvana kI kathA hai| prathama adhyayana meM jAli kumAra ke Atmavijaya kI zaurya gAthA hai| jaina-bauddha saMskRti ke mukhya kendra, samRddha aura vaibhavazAlI rAjagRha nagarI ke rAjA zreNika aura rAnI dhAriNI ke putra rUpa meM jAlikumAra kA janma huaa| siMha ke divya svapna ke sAtha garbha ko dhAraNa karane vAlI dhAriNI rAnI ne kAlaparipAka hone para jAlikumAra ko janma diyaa| ATha kanyAoM ke saMga pariNaya-sUtra meM baMdhane ke bAda jAli kumAra iSTa zabda, sparza, rasa, rUpa aura gaMdha kI vipulatA vAle manuSya saMbaMdhI kAmabhogoM ko bhogane meM rata ho ge| rAjasika sukha bhogoM se ghire hue rAjakumAra ne jaba sarvasvatyAgI bhagavAn ke darzana kara jinavANI se apane karNayugala ko pavitra kiyA to unake mana-mandira meM zraddhA kA dIpa prajvalita ho utthaa| ata: prabuddha jAli kumAra ne mAtA pitA se AjJA lekara pravrajyA grahaNa kii| guNaratna saMvatsara nAmaka tapa kI ArAdhanA karate hue unhoMne 16 varSa taka saMyama sAdhanA kii| vipulagiri para eka mAsa kA saMthArA pUrNa kara 'vijaya' nAmaka anuttara vimAna meM utpanna hue aura vahAM se ve mahAvideha kSetra meM janma lekara siddhi prApta kreNge| zeSa nau adhyayanoM meM 9 rAjakumAroM kA varNana jAli kumAra ke samAna hai| kucha bhinnatA hai, vaha nimnalikhita hai vehalla aura vehAyasa celanA ke putra haiN| abhayakumAra nandA kA putra hai| pahale ke 5 kumAroM kI zramaNa paryAya 16 varSa kI, tIna kI zramaNa paryAya 12 varSa kI aura do kI zramaNa paryAya 5 varSa kI hai| mayAli, uvayAli, puruSasena, vAriSeNa, dIrghadanta, laSThadanta, vehallakumAra, vehAyasa kumAra aura abhayakumAra kA upapAta (janma) anukrama se vaijayanta, jayanta, aparAjita, sarvArthasiddha, sarvArthasiddha, aparAjita, jayanta, vaijayanta aura vijaya vimAna meM huaa| kucha mahattvapUrNa tathya meghakumAra bhI anuttaraupapAtika haiM taba bhI unakA varNana isa aMga

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| 218TRA jinavANI- jainAgama-sAhitya vizeSAGka Agama meM na karake jJAtAdharmakathAMga' nAmaka chaThe aMga sUtra meM kyoM kiyA gayA hai? aisA prazna hamAre mastiSka paTala para ubharatA hai| samAdhAna rUpa meM kahA jAtA haiM ki chaThe aMgasUtra meM dharmayukta puruSoM kI zikSAprada jIvana ghaTanAoM kA varNana hai aura meghakumAra ke jIvana meM bhI kitanI hI aisI zikSAprada ghaTanAe~ ghaTita huI haiM, jinake par3hane se pratyeka vyakti ko atyanta lAbha ho sakatA hai, kintu anuttaraupapAtika sUtra meM kevala samyak cAritra pAlana karane kA phala batAyA gayA hai| ata: meghakumAra ke caritra meM vizeSatA dikhAne ke lie usakA varNana navama aMga meM na dekara chaThe aMga meM hI diyA gayA hai| jAlikumAra Adi rAjakumAroM ne bhagavAna se dIkSA grahaNa kI tathA unake hI samIpa 11 aMgoM kA adhyayana kiyA, yaha bAta kaise sambhava ho sakatI hai? kyoMki isa navama aMga sUtra meM svayaM jAlikumAra Adi rAjakumAroM kA vRttAnta hai| ata: jAlikumAra Adi rAjakumAroM dvArA apane hI caritra ke prarUpaka anuttaraupapAtika dazA sUtra kA adhyayana sarvathA asaMbhava hai| prazna upasthita hotA hai ki unhoMne kaunase nauveM aMga kA adhyayana kiyA? samAdhAna isa prakAra hai- "aMga artharUpa se dhruva , nitya evaM zAzvata haiM arthAt Agama kA svarUpa sadA sarvadA niyata hotA hai| artharUpa arthAt sArarUpa meM bhagavAna mahAvIra ke dvArA nauveM aMga meM kina-kina mArgoM se aura kaisI kaisI sAdhanA se mokSa hotA hai, yaha kahA gayA hai| ye kathana sArvabhaumika satya haiN| ina satya kathanoM kA hI adhyayana navama aMga ke rUpa meM jAlikumAra Adi ne kiyaa| jo svarUpa navama aMga kA hamAre sAmane prastuta hai vaha to mahAvIra svAmI ke nirvANa pada-prApti ke anantara pratipAdita kiyA gayA hai| sUtra rUpa kathana ko pUrNa rUpa se pratipAdita karane ke lie hetu aura dRSTAnta ke prayoga kie jAte haiM, isI kA anukaraNa karate hue sudharmA svAmI ne bhI bhagavAna mahAvIra ke sAra kathana ko hetu va dRSTAnta (jAlikumArAdi) dekara navama aMga ko isa rUpa meM aMkita kiyA hai| anuttaraupapAtikadazA ke atirikta jAli Adi 10 kumAroM kA varNana antagaDa sUtra ke caturtha varga ke adhyayana 1 se 10 meM bhI prApta hotA hai| ye jAli Adi 10 kumAra bhagavAna ariSTanemi ke tIrtha meM hue| ina 10 kumAroM ke nAma isa prakAra haiM- jAli, mayAli, uvayAli, puruSasena, vAriSeNa, pradyumna, zaMba, aniruddha, satyanemi aura dRddh'nemi| ina donoM tIrthoM ke 10 kumAroM meM kucha samAnatAe~ haiM jaise- prathama pA~coM ke nAma eka hI haiM, ina pA~voM kI mAtA kA nAma bhI dhAriNI hai| inakI bhI dIkSA paryAya 16 varSa hai| isake atirikta pitA, nagara, udyAna, dharmaguru, dharmAcArya, dIkSAparyAya, saMlekhanA sthala Adi meM vibhinnatAe~ haiN| dvitIya varga yaha varga 13 adhyayanoM meM vibhakta hai| ina adhyayanoM meM dIrghasena,

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anuttaraupapAtikadazAsUtra 219 mahAsena, dRSTadanta, gUDhadanta, zuddhadanta, hala, druma, drumasena, siMha, siMhasena, mahAsiMhasena aura puSyasena nAmaka rAjakumAroM ke vilAsapUrNa jIvana ko tyAga kara sAdhanA patha ke pathika hone kA varNana hai| sabhI ne guNaratna tapa se apanI Atmika zakti ko puSTa karate hue 16 varSa taka saMyama-sAdhanA kI aura anta meM eka mAsa kA saMthArA grahaNa kara vipulagiri parvata para apanI deha kA tyAga kiyaa| dIrghasena, mahAsena, laSTadanta aura gUDhadanta 'vijaya' nAmaka anuttara vimAna meM, zuddhadanta aura hallakumAra 'jayanta' nAmaka anuttara vimAna meM, druma aura drumasena 'aparAjita' nAmaka anuttara vimAna meM tathA zeSa sabhI sarvArthasiddha meM utpanna hue| vahAM se sabhI cyavanakara mahAvideha kSetra se mokSa prApta kreNge| tRtIya varga isa varga ke 10 adhyayanoM meM kAkandI nagarI kI bhadrA sArthavAhI ke 10 putroM kA varNana hai| dhanyakumAra, sunakSatrakumAra, RSidAsa, pellaka, rAmaputra, candrika, pRSTimAtRka, peDhAlaputra, poTilla aura vehalla nAmaka dasa kumAroM ne bhagavAna mahAvIra ke upadeza se sAMsArika bhogoM meM kSaNikatA kA jJAna hote hI aindrika viSaya-vikAroM ko sAMpa kI keMculI ke samAna tyAga diyaa| dhanya aNagAra ke jIvana kA sAMgopAMga varNana prathama adhyayana meM milatA hai| vipula sAMsArika Rddhi se sampanna dhanya kumAra kA vivAha 32 zreSTha kanyAoM ke sAtha sampanna huaa| daheja meM unheM 32-32 vastue~ pradAna kI gii| yathA- battIsa koTi cAMdI va sone ke sikke, battIsa mukuTa-hArarezamI vastra-dhvaja-gokula gAMva-uttama yAna-uttama dAsa-uttama dAsiyA~-thAlakaTore-cammaca-chatra aadi| manojJa bhogoM meM lipta dhanya aNagAra bhagavAna ke darzana kara aura vacanoM ko sunakara jinavANI meM anurakta hue| mAtA se AjJA prApta kara dIkSA lI aura dIkSita hote hI SaSTha belA tapa aura Ayambila ke pAraNe se apane zarIra aura karma ko kRza karate hue saMyama kI ArAdhanA karane lge| nirantara kaThora tapa kI ArAdhanA karate hue unakA zarIra haDDiyoM kA DhAMcA mAtra raha gayA thaa| isa adhyayana meM dhanya aNagAra ke zarIra ke aMgoM kI tulanA murajhAe hue phUla se, U~Ta-baila ke khura se, mehaMdI kI guTikA se, muMga va ur3ada kI phalI se aura sUkhe hue sarpa Adi vibhinna padArthoM se kI hai| zarIra kI itanI durbalatA ke bAvajUda bhI unake mana ke saMkalpa kI sabalatA anupama thii| 9 mAsa taka saMyama sAdhanA kii| anta meM eka mAsa kA saMthArA pUrNa kara sarvArthasiddha vimAna meM devarUpa se utpanna hue| sunakSatra se poTilla taka ke 8 rAjakumAroM kI dIkSAparyAya bahuta varSoM kI thI tathA vehalla kI 6 mAsa kI thii| zeSa varNana dhanyakumAra ke samAna hai| vizeSatA yahI hai ki-RSidAsa aura pellaka rAjagRha nagara meM, rAmaputra aura

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220 jinavANI- jainAgama-sAhitya vizeSAGka candrika - sAketa meM, pRSTimAtRka aura peDhAla putra - vANijyagrAma meM, poTilla - hastinApura meM, vehallakumAra- rAjagRha nagarI meM utpanna hue| ye sabhI 10 kumAra mahAvideha kSetra se siddha, buddha aura mukta hoNge| vizeSa bindu dhanya kumAra kA vivAha 32 ibhya kanyAoM ke sAtha huaa| ye sabhI kanyAe~ apane sAtha sonA-cAMdI - ratnajar3ita thAla, kaTore, hAra, rezamI vastra, ghor3e, dAsa-dAsiyA~ Adi 32- 32 vastue~ daheja meM laaii| isa varNana se usa kAla kI sAmAjika vyavasthA kA pratipAdana hotA hai ki usa samaya bhI daheja prathA pracalita thI, kintu daheja kI mAMga nahIM kI jAtI thii| samAja meM puruSa kI pradhAnatA thI / ataH rAjA hI nahIM zreSThI bhI 32 kanyAoM ke sAtha vivAha kara sakatA thA, kintu inakA tyAga karake saMyama kA patha apanAne meM tanika bhI saMkoca nahIM hotA thA / isa adhyayana ke paThana se usa samaya kI strI jAti kI unnata avasthA kA patA lagatA hai| usa kAla meM bhI striyAM puruSa ke samAna adhikAra rakhatI thI aura svayaM unakI barAbarI meM vyApAra Adi bar3e-bar3e kArya karatI thii| yahAM bhadrA nAma kI strI sArthavAhI kA kAma svayaM karatI thI aura vizeSa bAta yaha thI ki vaha apanI jAti vAle logoM meM kisI se kama nahIM thI / isa Agama ke svAdhyAya se hameM nita navIna Atmahita kI zikSAe~ milatI haiM / una zikSAoM ko apanAkara hama apane jIvana ko praphullita evaM sugandhita banA sakate haiN| isa navama aMga se hameM mukhyataH nimnalikhita zikSAe~ prApta hotI haiM 1. guNI AtmAoM kA guNAnuvAda kara guNAnurAgI bananA caahie| svayaM bhagavAna mahAvIra ne dhanya aNagAra ke guNoM kA janatA ke samakSa kathana kiyaa| dUsare meM vidyamAna guNoM kI prazaMsA avazya karanI cAhie jisase una guNoM ke prati zrotA kI ruci jAgRta ho / apane guNa kI prazaMsA sunane se usa vyakti kA guNoM ke prati AkarSaNa baDhegA aura vaha dhIre-dhIre bahuguNI ho jaaegaa| jhUThI prazaMsA karane vAlA to AtmaghAtI hotA hai, kintu guNoM kA anumodana na karane vAlA bhI mahAghAtI se kama nahIM hotaa| 2. mahArAjA zreNika ne jaba dhanya aNagAra ke guNa bhagavAna ke mukhAravinda se sune to ve svayaM unakI stuti karane lge| isa prasaMga se patA calatA hai ki yathArtha guNAnuvAda pratyeka AtmA ko guNoM kI ora AkRSTa karatA hai, parantu jo kAlpanika guNAnuvAda hote haiM, ve upahAsya ho jAte haiM / 3. sabhI sAdhakoM ne apanI pratijJA kA nirvAha niSThA evaM utsAhapUrvaka kiyA / phalasvarUpa ve apane dhyeya ko prApta karane meM saphala ho sake

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anuttaropapAtikadazAsUtra 2211 isI prakAra sabhI jIvoM ko apane lakSya kI ora nirantara unmukha honA caahie| maMjila prApti meM cAhe kitane hI kaSTa Ae~, kintu unase vicalita na hokara sadaiva bar3hate rahanA caahie| 4. jAlikumAra Adi 33 sAdhakoM dvArA 11 aMgoM kA grahaNa vinayapUrvaka kiyA gyaa| vinayapUrvaka adhyayana kiyA huA hI saphala ho sakatA hai| vinayayukta jJAna se paripUrNa AtmA hI anya AtmAoM kA uddhAra karane meM samartha ho sakatI hai| ata: 'viNao dhammamUlaM' kahA gyaa| isa prakAra anuttaraupapAtika sUtra meM 33 mahApuruSoM kA paricaya diyA gayA hai| yaha varNana prAcIna samaya kI sAmAjika, rAjanaitika aura Arthika sthiti ko prakaTa karatA hai| ataeva aitihAsika dRSTi se bhI yaha mahattvapUrNa hai| __ -zodha chAtrA, saMskRta-vibhAga jayanArAyaNa vyAsa vizvavidyAlaya, jodhapura

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praznavyAkaraNa sUtra zrI sobhAgamala jaina 'praznavyAkaraNa' sUtra kA prAcIna rUpa lupta ho gayA hai| usameM praznottara zailI meM nandIsUtra, samavAyAMga Adi ke anusAra jo viSayavastu thI, vaha aba upalabdha nahIM hai| usake sthAna para do zrutaskandhoM meM aba hiMsA Adi pA~ca AsravoM evaM ahiMsA Adi pA~ca saMvaroM kA varNana upalabdha hotA hai| hiMsA, mRSAvAda, caurya, maithuna, parigraha tathA inake viparIta ahiMsA, satya, acaurya, brahmacarya evaM aparigraha kA isa sUtra meM gambhIra, vizada evaM hRdayagrAhI vivecana huA hai| variSTha svAdhyAyI evaM vyAkhyAtA zrI sobhAgamala jI jaina ne isa Alekha meM praznavyAkaraNa sUtra kI samasta viSayavastu ko sameTa kara parosane kA prayatna kiyA hai| -sampAdaka jaina dharma apane svataMtra astitva vAlA svataMtra dharma hai jisakA apanA svayaM kA darzana hai evaM mAnya siddhAnta haiN| caubIsa tIrthaMkaroM dvArA upadiSTa aura unhIM upadezoM ke AdhAra para racA gayA sAhitya hI jaina dharma meM pramANabhUta hai| jisa kAla meM jo bhI tIrthakara hote haiM, unhIM ke upadeza, AcAra-vicAra Adi tatkAlIna samAja meM pracalita hote haiN| isa dRSTi se bha. mahAvIra svAmI aMtima tIrthakara hone se vartamAna meM unhIM ke upadeza aMtima upadeza haiM, ve hI pramANa bhUta haiN| bha. mahAvIra ne jo upadeza diyA, use gaNadharoM ne sUtrabaddha kiyA, isI kAraNa artha rUpa zAstra ke kartA bha. mahAvIra aura zabda rUpa zAstra ke kartA gaNadhara the| aisA vidvAna AcAryoM ne vItarAga bhagavaMtoM ke kathanAnusAra eka mata se svIkAra kiyA hai| Agama yA zAstra prAraMbha meM likhe hue nahIM the, apitu kaNThastha the aura ve smRti dvArA surakSita rakhe jAte the| guru dvArA apane ziSya ko aura ziSya dvArA praziSya ko zrutajJAna pradAna karane kI paramparA pracalita thii| ziSya apane guru se sunakara sIkhe gaye jJAna ko surakSita rakhate the| ata: zAstroM ke lie zruta, smRti, zruti Adi nAma prAcIna kAla meM pracalita rahe haiN| vartamAna meM 'Agama' zabda jaina paramparA meM vyApaka rUpa se pracalita hai jo pUrNa sArthakatA liye hue hai| isa saMdarbha meM 'Agama' zabda kA artha spaSTa karate hue mahApuruSoM ne batAyA hai--1. vidhipUrvaka jIvAditattvoM ko samajhAne vAlA zAstra Agama hai| 2. AptavacanamAgamaH isako spaSTa karate hue batAyA hai ki 'Apta ve haiM jinake doSoM kA kSaya ho cukA hai, ata: doSamukta kI vANI Agama hai|'' yahA~ pratipAdya viSaya "praznavyAkaraNa sUtra' hai| ata: usa para ciMtana abhISTa hai| praznavyAkaraNa sUtra ko dvAdazAMgI meM dasavAM sthAna prApta hai| sUtra kA nAma, artha evaM svarUpa- samavAyAMga, naMdI aura anuyogadvAra sUtra meM 'praznavyAkaraNa ke lie 'paNhAvAgaraNAI' zabda kA prayoga huA hai| sAMdarbhika

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praznavyAkaraNa sUtrAmA 223 sUtra ke upasaMhAra meM 'paNhApAgaraNa' kA prayoga bhI upalabdha hai| ThANAMga sUtra ke dasaveM ThANe meM 'paNhAvAgaraNadasA' kA ullekha hai| digaMbara sAhitya meM bhI 'paNhavAyaraNa' zabda kI jAnakArI milatI hai| ata: samagra dRSTi se saMskRta meM 'praznavyAkaraNa' nAma hI adhika pracalita hai| yaha samAsayukta pada hai, jisakA artha hotA hai 'praznoM kA vyaakrnn'| kintu isameM kina praznoM kA vyAkaraNa yA vyAkhyAna kiyA gayA thA etad viSayaka zvetAmbara aura digambara donoM paramparAoM ke mAnya granthoM jaise--aMgapaNNatti, dhavalAgranthoM evaM ThANAMga, samavAyAMga, naMdIsUtra Adi granthoM meM jisa viSayasAmagrI kA ullekha milatA hai usase vartamAna meM upalabdha 'praznavyAkaraNa sUtra' kA mela nahIM baiThatA hai| samavAyAMga sUtra meM isa sUtra kA paricaya dete hue sUtrakAra ne likhA hai ki "isa sUtra meM 108 prazna, 108 aprazna aura 108 praznAprazna haiN| vidyA meM atizaya prApta kie hue nAgakumAra, suvarNa kumAra athavA yakSAdi ke sAtha sAdhakoM ke jo divya saMvAda huA karate the, una saba labdhiyoM, divya vidyAoM, atizaya yukta praznoM Adi viSayoM kA nirUpaNa kiyA gayA hai| isa sUtra meM 1 zrutaskaMdha, 45 uddezana kAla, 45 samaddezana kAla, saMkhyAta sahasra pada, saMkhyAta akSara, parimita vAcanAe~, saMkhyAta zloka, saMkhyAta niyuktiyA~, saMkhyAta saMgrahaNiyA~ aura saMkhyAta hI pratipattiyA~ haiN| naMdI sUtra meM bhI isI se milatA-julatA ullekha prApta hotA hai| ThANAMga sUtra meM isake 10 adhyayanoM kI saMkhyA evaM una adhyayanoM ke nAma ullikhita haiN| digaMbara paraMparA ke graMtha aMgapaNNatti, dhavalA aura rAjavArtika Adi meM bhI ThANAMga sUtra se milatAjulatA varNana prApta hone kA ullekha vivecaka AcAryoM dvArA apane graMthoM meM kiyA gayA hai| donoM paramparAoM ke uparyukta mAnya graMthoM meM praznavyAkaraNa sUtra kI jisa viSaya sAmagrI kA ullekha kiyA gayA hai usa sAmagrI kA vartamAna meM upalabdha sUtra meM zruta skaMdha ke ullekha ke atirikta tanika bhI samAnatA nahIM hai| isa saMbaMdha meM vRttikAra abhayadevasUri ne spaSTIkaraNa dete hue batAyA hai ki "isa samaya kA koI anadhikArI vyakti sUtra meM varNita vidyAoM kA durupayoga na kara baiThe, isa AzaMkA se ve saba vidyAe~ isa sUtra meM se nikAla dI gaI aura unake sthAna para Anava aura saMvara ke varNana kA samAveza kara diyA gyaa|' ___ eka vivecanakAra ke vicArAnusAra "Agama ke mUla pATha se aisA prakaTa hotA hai ki varNita camatkAra pUrNa atyaMta nigUDha evaM manogata praznoM ke pratItikAraka vAstavika uttara dene ke lie aneka vidyAe~ isa aMga meM vidyamAna thIM, kintu aisA pratIta hotA hai ki usa kAla meM jaina siddhAnta ke anurUpa ina AraMbha-samAraMbha pUrNa vidyAoM se sarvathA bacate hue dharma ke

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224 jinavANI- jainAgama-sAhitya vizeSAGaka abhyudaya hetu apavAda rUpa se hI inakA upayoga kiyA jAtA hogA / kintu kAla ke prabhAva se parivartita paristhitiyoM meM pUrvAcAryoM ko una vidyAoM ke durupayoga kI AzaMkA hone se una vidyAoM ko isa aMga se nikAla diyA gayA ho|" vastu sthiti kI vAstavikatA kyA rahI hogI, yaha kevalIgamya hai| kintu itanA avazya hai ki vartamAna upalabdha sUtra meM aisI koI viSaya sAmagrI upalabdha nahIM hone se praznavyAkaraNa kA sAmAnya artha jijJAsA aura samAdhAna hI grahaNa kiyA gayA pratIta hotA hai| upalabdha varNya viSaya ke AdhAra para dharma aura adharma rUpa viSayoM kI carcA se yukta sUtra hI prazna vyAkaraNa sUtra hai, aisI mUrdhanya vidvadvarga kI mAnyatA hai / sUtra racanAkAra, bhASA aura zailI - "jaMbU ! iNamo aNhaya- saMvara viNicchayaM pavayaNassa nniisNdN| vocchAmi NicchayatthaM suhAsiyatthaM mahesIhiM / " ukta gAthA meM Arya jambU ko saMbodhita kiyA gayA hai| ataH TIkAkAroM ne isa sUtra ko unake guru sudharmA svAmI dvArA nirUpita aMga sUtra ke rUpa meM svIkAra kiyA hai| prastuta Agama ke aMtargata sampUrNa viSaya vastu kA kathana Arya sudharmA dvArA jambUsvAmI ko saMbodhita karate hue upalabdha hotA hai, ataH racanAkAra ke saMbaMdha meM zaMkA nirmUla hai| praznavyAkaraNa sUtra kI bhASA arddhamAgadhI prAkRta hai| bhAvoM kI abhivyakti ke lie prayoga meM lI gaI bhASA evaM zabdoM kI yojanA prabhAvapUrNa hai| jaise hiMsA Asrava kA eka rUpa hai, jisameM krUratA evaM bhayAnakatA ke bhAva rahe hue haiM jisakA bodha karAne ke lie karkaza evaM raudra zabdoM kA prayoga honA cAhie, isameM usa rUpa kI vidyamAnatA parilakSita hotI hai| dUsarI ora ahiMsA, satya Adi saMvara ke svarUpa varNana hetu komala padoM kA upayoga apekSita hai, praznavyAkaraNa meM isa vaiziSTya kI bhI pracuratA hai / isakA pratyakSa evaM mUrta rUpa isake adhyayana se bhalIbhA~ti prakaTa hotA hai| sUtra kA varNya viSaya - isa sUtra meM Asrava evaM saMvara kA maulika rUpa meM vizada cintana evaM varNana kiyA gayA hai| vaise to Asrava-saMvara kI carcA anya AgamoM meM bhI huI hai, kintu 'praznavyAkaraNa sUtra' to inhIM ke varNana kA zAstra hai / inakA jitanA kramabaddha aura vyavasthita vizada varNana isameM kiyA gayA hai utanA anyatra kahIM nahIM huA hai| pUjya zrI amolakaRSi jI ma.sA., pUjya zrI ghAsIlAla jI ma.sA., pUjya zrI madhukaramuni jI ma. sA. prabhRti santoM ne isakA vivecana kara varNya viSaya ko subodhatA pradAna kI hai| sAhitya manISI AcArya zrI hastImala jI ma.sA. ne isa para TIkA graMtha kI racanA kI hai, jisake dvArA pratipAdya viSaya ke Azaya ko sarala subodha bhASA meM spaSTa kara usakI durUhatA dUra karate hue jana-sAmAnya ke lie bodhagamya evaM upayogI banAyA hai| ukta sUtra ko carama tIrthaMkara bha. mahAvIra dvArA pratipAdita dvAdazAMgI ke dasaveM aMga ke rUpa meM sthAna prApta hai| sUtra ke upasaMhAra meM sUtrakAra ne isa ""

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praznavyAkaraNa sUtra salyAnamA225 prazna vyAkaraNa sUtra meM eka zrutaskaMdha hai, dasa adhyayana haiN|'' aisA kathana kiyA hai| kintu vartamAna meM upalabdha yaha sUtra mukhya rUpa se 2 bhAgoM meM vibhakta hai-1. prathama khaNDa- isameM samAviSTa viSaya vastu Asrava dvAra aura 2. dvitIya khaNDa-isakI viSaya sAmagrI saMvara dvAra ke rUpa meM nirUpita hai| prathama vibhAga meM hiMsA Adi pA~ca AsravoM kA aura dUsare bhAga meM ahiMsA Adi pA~ca saMvaroM kA varNana kiyA gayA hai| Asrava aura saMvara ina donoM tattvoM kI nava tattvoM meM gaNanA kI gaI hai kisI bhI mokSArthI AtmA ke lie inakA jJAna Avazyaka hI nahIM, apitu sAdhanA-mArga para Age bar3hane hetu anivArya hai| Asrava tattva jahA~ janma-maraNa rUpa bhava-paramparA kI vRddhi kA mukhya kAraNa hai vahIM saMvara tattva zuddha Atma dazA (mukti) prApti kA mukhya hetu hai| kina kAraNoM se karmoM kA baMdha hotA hai aura kina upAyoM se karmoM ke baMdha kA nirodha kiyA jA sakatA hai, sAdhaka ke lie isa tathya ko hRdayaMgama kara calane para hI iSTa sAdhya kI prApti saMbhava ho sakatI hai| inhIM pravRtti aura nivRtti donoM mArgoM ko isameM spaSTa kiyA hai| sUtra kA prArambhika paricaya- jaisA ki Upara ullekha kiyA gayA hai, prastuta zAstra meM hiMsAdi pA~ca AsravoM aura ahiMsA Adi pA~ca saMvaroM kA kula 10 adhyayanoM meM varNana hai| adhyayana ke varNya viSaya ke anurUpa sArthaka nAmoM kA ullekha evaM unake pariNAmoM kA vistAra se varNana upalabdha hai| udAharaNArthahiMsA Asrava ke aMtargata prANavadha evaM usakA svarUpa, usake bhinna-bhinna nAma, vaha jisa taraha kiyA jAtA hai evaM usake kuphala bhogane Adi kA kiyA gayA varNana pAThakoM evaM svAdhyAyiyoM ke samakSa usakA sAkSAt dRzya upasthita karatA hai| hiMsA-Asrava ke sadRza hI zeSa cAroM AsravoM kA vizada vivecana upalabdha hai| isa prakAra prathama zrutaskaMdha ke pA~ca adhyayanoM meM kramaza: hiMsA, asatya, steya, abrahma aura parigraha Adi AMtarika vikAra rUpa rogoM ke svarUpa, unake dvArA hone vAle duHkhoM, yathA vadha, baMdhana, kuyoniyoM, nIca kuloM meM janma-maraNa karate hue anaMtakAla taka bhava-bhramaNa kA citraNa huA isake viparIta dvitIya zrutaskaMdha meM ina uparyukta rogoM se nivRtti dilAne ke upAyoM kA varNana hai| isameM ahiMsA, satya, asteya, brahmacarya aura aparigraha ke svarUpa aura unake sukhada pratiphaloM kA nirUpaNa kiyA gayA hai| pratyeka adhyayana ke pratipAdya viSaya kA sAra praznavyAkaraNa sUtra para racita vyAkhyA-graMthoM ke anuzIlanoparAMta upalabdha tathyoM ke AdhAra para adhyayanoM ke krama meM prastuta hai

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| 226 * jinavANI- jainAgama-sAhitya vizeSAGaka prathama zruta-skadha prathama adhyayana-prathama Asrava dvAra 'hiMsA' isa adhyayana meM prANavadha rUpa prathama Asrava 'hiMsA' kA varNana hai vItarAga jinezvara deva ne hiMsA ko pApa rUpa anArya karma aura durgati meM le jAne vAlA batAyA hai| isake aMtargata prANa vadha kA svarUpa, prANavadha ke kaluSa phala ke nirdezaka 30 nAma, pApiyoM kA pApa karma jisameM asaMyamI, avirati, mana-vANI tathA kAya ke azubha yoga vAle jIvoM dvArA jalacara, sthalacara, catuSpada, uraparisarpa, bhujaparisarpa, nabhacara Adi trasa jIvoM ke asthi, mAMsa, carma evaM aMgoM kI prApti kara zarIra, bhavana Adi kI zobhA bar3hAne hetu kI jAne vAlI hiMsA kA nirUpaNa, pRthvIkAyika, ap, tejas, vAyu, vanaspati Adi sthAvarakAyika jIvoM kI sakAraNa va akAraNa kI jAne vAlI hiMsA kA nirUpaNa evaM hiMsaka jIvoM kA dRSTikoNa, hiMsaka jana evaM jAtiyoM meM 50 prakAra ke anAryoM kA varNana, hiMsA ke krodhAdi aMtaraMga kAraNa, dharma-artha---kAma ke nimitta se kI jAne vAlI saprayojana evaM niSprayojana hiMsA, hiMsakoM ke utpatti sthAna, naraka ke du:khAnubhava kA nirUpaNa jisake aMtargata nArakoM ko diyA jAne vAlA lomaharSaka duHkha, nAraka jIvoM kI karuNa pukAra, paramAdhArmika devoM ko diye jAne vAle ghora duHkha evaM dI jAne vAlI vividha pIr3AoM evaM yAtanAoM ke prakAra, yAtanAoM meM prayukta zastroM ke prakAra, paraspara meM vedanAoM ko utpanna karate hue nArakiyoM kI dazA va unake pazcAttApa kA nirUpaNa, tiryaMca yoni ke du:khoM kA nirUpaNa, caturindriya se ekendriya aura sUkSma, bAdara, paryAptaka, aparyAptaka, pratyeka, sAdhAraNa zarIrI jIvoM ke duHkhoM aura manuSya bhava ke duHkhoM kA savistAra varNana kiyA gayA hai tathA batAyA gayA hai ki hiMsA rUpa pApakarma karane vAle prANI naraka aura tiryaMca yoniyoM meM tathA kumAnuSa avasthA meM bhaTakate hue anaMta du:kha prApta karate rahate haiN| mUla meM hiMsA ke phala vipAka ko alpa sukha aura bahuta du:kha kA kAraNa kahA gayA hai| isakA Azaya yaha hai ki hiMsaka ko hiMsA karate samaya prasannatA hotI hai| zikArI zikAra ke prANoM kA haraNa karake hiMsAjanya sukha kA anubhava karatA hai, jo sukhAbhAsa mAtra hai, kyoMki usake pIche ghora duHkha rahA haA hai| sakha kI yaha kSaNika anabhati jitanI tIvra hotI hai. bhaviSya meM utane hI tIvra du:khoM kA anubhava karAtI hai| isakA phala vipAka mahAbhaya vAlA, bhayaMkara, kaThora aura asAtA rUpa hai jo palyopama aura sAgaropama Adi aneka sahasroM varSoM meM bhogate-bhogate chUTatA hai, binA bhoge kabhI bhI chuTakArA nahIM ho sakatA hai| isalie isa prANavadha kA 'jJa' parijJA svarUpa jAnakara pratyAkhyAna parijJA se sarvathA parityAga kara denA caahie| isa prakAra ke

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praznavyAkaraNa bhAva, adhyayana kA upasaMhAra karate hue sUtrakAra dvArA pharamAye gaye haiN| 1 dvitIya adhyayana - dvitIya Asrava dvAra 'mRSAvAda' isa adhyayana meM sarvaprathama mRSAvAda kA svarUpa batAyA gayA hai jise alIka vacana athavA mithyAbhASaNa bhI kahA gayA hai| alIka vacana kA nirUpaNa karate hue zAstrakAra pharamAte haiM ki asatya durgati meM le jAtA hai evaM saMsAra - paribhramaNa kI vRddhi karAne vAlA hai / asatya vacanoM kA prayoga aise manuSya hI karate haiM jinameM guNoM kI garimA nahIM hotI, jo kSudra, tuccha yA hIna hote haiM, jo apane vacanoM kA svayaM mUlya nahIM jAnate, jo prakRti meM caMcalatA hone se binA soce samajhe bolate haiN| dhArmika dRSTi se nAstikoM, ekAMtavAdiyoM aura kudarzaniyoM ko bhI mRSAbhASI batAyA gayA hai| aise vacana sva aura para ke lie ahitakara hote haiN| ata: saMtajana aura satpuruSa asatya kA kadApi sevana nahIM karate, kyoMki asatya vacana para pIr3AkAraka hote haiM aura pIr3Ajanaka vacana, tathya hone para bhI satya nahIM kahalAte haiN| isa Asrava dvAra ke aMtargata mRSAvAda ke 30 nAmoM kA ullekha karane ke sAtha mRSAvAdI kA pUrNa paricaya dete hue krodhI, lobhI, bhayagrasta, hAsyavaza jhUTha bolane vAle, cora, bhATa, juArI, veSadhArI mAyAvI, avaidha mApa- - taula karane vAle, svarNakAra, vastrakAra, cugalakhora, dalAla, lobhI, svArthI Adi ke asatya bolane kA varNana hai / inake atirikta isameM aneka viSayoM kA varNana hai, yathA- mRSAvAda ke cAra kAraNa, mRSAvAdI nAstika vAdiyoM ke mata kA nirUpaNa, zUnyavAda, skaMdhavAda ke antargata-rUpa, vedanA, vijJAna, saMjJA aura saMskAra varNana / vAyujIva vAda asadbhAvavAdI mata, prajApati kA sRSTi sarjana, Izvara sRSTi, ekAtmavAda, akartRtvavAda, yadRcchAvAda, svabhAvavAda, vidhivAda, niyativAda, puruSArthavAda, kAlavAda kA nirUpaNa / jhUThA doSAropaNa karane vAle nindakoM, pApa kA parAmarza dene vAle jIvaghAtaka hiMsakoM ke upadeza - Adeza, yuddhAdi ke upadeza - Adeza rUpa mRSAvAda kA savistAra vivecana huA hai tatpazcAt mRSAvAda ke bhayAnaka phala kA digdarzana karAte hue batAyA hai ki isakA phalavipAka sukha varjita aura duHkha bahula hai, pracura karma rUpI raja se bharA huA hai, mahAbhaMyakara, duHkhakara, apayazakara, dAruNa aura kaThora hai| vairakara, arati, rati, rAga- - dveSa va mAnasika saMkleza utpanna karAne vAlA hai / yaha adhogati meM nipAta va janma-maraNa kA kAraNa hai| yaha ciraparicita evaM anugata hai, ataH isakA aMta kaThinatA se evaM pariNAma duHkhamaya hI hotA hai| aMta meM upasaMhAra karate hue sUtrakAra ne kathana kiyA hai ki isa alIka vacana ko jo tucchAtmA, ati nIca evaM capala hote haiM, ve hI bolate haiM, jisakA phala vipAka jIva palyopama evaM sAgaropama pramANa kAla taka bhogatA

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228 hai tabhI jAkara chuTakArA pAtA hai| tRtIya adhyayana-tRtIya Asrava dvAra 'adattAdAna' mRSAvAda aura adattAdAna meM ghaniSTha saMbaMdha honA nirUpita karate hue tIsare Asrava dvAra ke rUpa meM sUtrakAra ne tRtIya adhyayana meM adattAdAna kA varNana kiyA hai| sarvaprathama adattAdAna ke svarUpa kA nirUpaNa karate hue sUtrakAra pharamAte haiM ki corI ciMtA evaM bhaya kI jananI tathA saMtajanoM dvArA vinindita hai / yaha cauryakarma parakIya padArtha kA haraNa rUpa hai, hRdaya ko jalAne vAlA, maraNa bhaya rUpa, kaluSita, malina, lobha kA mUla, adhogati kI ora le jAne vAlA, anArya puruSoM dvArA Acarita hai| yaha karuNAhIna kRtya hai| yaha bhedakAraka, aprItikAraka, rAgadveSa kI bahulatA vAlA, pazcAttApa kA kAraNa, durgati meM le jAne evaM bhavabhramaNa karAne vAlA hai / yaha cira-paricita kI taraha AtmA ke sAtha lagA huA hai aura aMta meM isakA pariNAma atyaMta duHkhadAyI hai| jinavANI- jainAgama-sAhitya vizeSADaka isake bAda adattAdAna ke 30 nAmoM kA nirUpaNa, caurya karma ke vividha prakAra, paradhana meM lubdha rAjAoM ke AkramaNa va saMgrAma kA varNana hai 'jahA lAho tahA loho, lAhA loho pavaDDhaI' kI ukti ke anusAra atyadhika lAlasA vAle rAjAoM dvArA yuddha ke lie zastra sajjA, yuddha sthala kI bIbhatsatA kA nirUpaNa, corI ke upakaraNoM aura 18 prakAra ke caurya prakAroM, choTe-bar3e sabhI taraha ke coroM- vanavAsI cora, samudrI DAke DAlane vAle, grAmAdi lUTane vAle, taskarI kA kArya karane vAle Adi kA varNana hai phira corI ke aparAdha meM diye jAne vAle kaThora daNDa-tAr3ana, tarjana, chedana, bhedana, aMga troTana, baMdhana, kArAvAsa evaM baMdIgRha meM hone vAle duHkha, coroM ko dI jAne vAlI bhISaNa yAtanAoM Adi kA savistAra ullekha hai / adattagrAhI corI kA pApa aura paraloka meM durgati kI paramparA nirUpita hai| jIva jJAnAvaraNAdi aSTavidha karmoM se baMdha dazA ko prApta kara saMsAra sAgara meM rahate haiM, ata: saMsAra sAgara ke svarUpa kA nirUpaNa hai| kisa prakAra ke adattagrAhI coroM ko kisa prakAra ke phala milate haiM Adi viSaya-biMduoM ke mAdhyama se vipula sAmagrI kA vistAra se isa adhyayana meM samAveza kiyA gayA hai| upasaMhAra ke antargata batAyA gayA hai ki yaha adattAdAna alparUpeNa sukhajanaka evaM bhayaMkara se bhayaMkara duHkha pradAtA, bar3A bhISaNa aura kaThora tathA asAtAvedanIya karma svarUpa hai / sAtha hI para-dhana- apaharaNa, dahana, mRtyu, bhaya, malinatA, trAsa evaM lobha kA mUla hai, jo cirakAla se prANiyoM ke sAtha lagA huA hai evaM isakA phala vipAka atyaMta kaTuka hone se isakA aMta atyanta kaThinAI se arthAt palyopama va sAgaropama pramANa-kAla meM hone kA kathana sUtrakAra dvArA kiyA gayA hai|

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praznavyAkaraNa satra caturtha adhyayana - caturtha Asrava dvAra 'abrahma' 2 cauthe Asrava dvAra abrahmacarya kI prarUpaNA karate hue bhagavAna ne usakA svarUpa pharamAyA hai ki yaha saMsArastha prANiyoM dvArA prArthanIya, kamanIya evaM icchita hai jo prANiyoM ko phaMsAne ke lie kIcar3a sadRza, phisalana yukta, bAMdhane ke lie pAza evaM phaMsAne ke lie jAla sadRza hai / jo tIna vedarUpa cihna yukta, tapa-saMyama -- brahmacarya evaM cAritra kA vighAtaka, pramAda kA mUla, ninditoM dvArA sevanIya, sajjanoM-pApaviratoM dvArA tyAjya, tInoM lokoM meM avasthiti, jarA-maraNa, roga-zoka kI bahulatA, vadha-baMdha - vighAta dvArA bhI jisakA aMta nahIM, moha kA mUla kAraNa, ciraparicita, anugata evaM duranta hai, jisakA phala atyaMta hI duHkhaprada hotA hai| isake atirikta abrahma ke 30 guNaniSpanna nAma evaM lakSaNa, moha mugdhamati deva-devI, cakravartI ke viziSTa bhoga, yathA- rAjya vistAra, vizeSaNa, zubha lakSaNa, Rddhi, nidhiyA~, ratna Adi kA nirUpaNa, baladeva vAsudeva ke bhoga, mANDalika rAjAoM ke bhoga, yugalikoM Adi akarma bhUmija 32 lakSaNa yukta manuSyoM ke bhoga evaM manuSyiNiyoM kI zarIra sampadA Adi anupama apAra bhoga sAmagrI ko dIrghakAla taka bhoga kara bhI binA tRpti ke kAla kavalita ho jAne, maithunAsakti ke kAraNa hue aneka janakSayakArI yuddhoM kA ullekha, parastrI meM lubdha jIvoM kI durdazA, abrahmacarya kA duSpariNAma Adi vividha viSayoM kA isake aMtargata atyaMta mArmika evaM talasparzI vistRta citraNa prastuta kiyA gayA hai| jo bhavya jIvoM ke lie ciMtanIya evaM mananIya hai| aMta meM isa dvAra kA isa loka aura paraloka saMbaMdhI vipAka kA kathana karate hue ullekha kiyA gayA hai ki yaha alpa sukha evaM bahu duHkha vAlA, atyaMta bhayaMkara, pAparaja se saMyukta, bar3A hI dAruNa evaM kaThora, asAtAjanaka, anugata, duranta aura nAnA prakAra ke duHkhoM kA dAtA hai, jisakA phala bhoge binA chuTakArA nahIM hai / isa para vijaya ke lie utkaTa sAdhanA kI AvazyakatA hai| paMcama adhyayana - paMcama Asrava dvAra 'parigraha' isake aMtargata cala, acala tathA mizra parigraha ke svarUpa ko vistAra se prakaTa karate hue vRkSa ke rUpaka ke mAdhyama se varNana kiyA hai| isameM batAyA hai ki vividha prakAra kI maNiyoM, ratnoM, svarNAbhUSaNoM Adi acetana; hAthI, azva, dAsa, dAsI, naukara, cAkara Adi cetana; ratha pAlakI Adi savAriyA~, grAma nagarAdi se yukta sampUrNa bharatakSetra kA yahA~ taka ki sampUrNa pRthvI ke akhaNDa sAmrAjya kA upabhoga kara lene para bhI tRSNA zAMta nahIM hotI hai, kyoMki "lAbha lobha kA varddhaka hai" ataH parigraha kI vRddhi karake jo saMtoSa

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| 230 jinavANI- jainAgama-sAhitya vizeSAGaka prAta karanA cAhate haiM ve Aga meM ghI DAlakara use bujhAne ke sadRza asaphala prayAsa karate haiN| saMtoSa-prApti kA ekamAtra upAya hai-zauca, nirlobhatA va muni dharma kA AcaraNa / jo saMtoSavRtti ko puSTa kara tRSNA, lobha, lAlasA se virata ho jAte haiM, ve hI parigraha rUpa rAkSasa se mukti pA sakate haiN| aisA parigraha svarUpa sUtra meM prakaTa kiyA gayA hai| __isake pazcAt isameM parigraha ke 30 guNa niSpanna nAma haiN| parigraha ke pAza meM baMdhane vAle devagaNa, manuSya, cakravartI, vAsudeva, baladeva, mAMDalika, talavara, zreSThi, senApati Adi kA varNana hai| parigraha vRddhi ke lie hI puruSa dvArA 72 va mahilAoM dvArA 64 kalA kA zikSaNa prApta kiyA jAtA hai| isI ke lie hiMsA, jhUTha, corI Adi duSkarma tathA bhUkha, pyAsa, bandhana, apamAna Adi saMkleza sahe jAte haiN| parigraha kevala saMkleza kA kAraNa hI nahIM apitu "savvadukkha saMnilayaNaM'' arthAt samasta du:khoM kA ghara hai| ukta binduoM ke antargata parigraha kA vistRta varNana prastuta kiyA gayA hai| aMta meM "parigraha pApa kA kaTu phala'' ke aMtargata prakaTa kiyA hai ki parigraha meM Asakta prANI paraloka aura isa loka meM naSTa-bhraSTa hote haiM, ajJAna aMdhakAra meM praviSTa hote haiM, tIvra mohanIya karma ke udaya se lobha ke vaza meM par3e hue prANI trasa, sthAvara, sUkSma, bAdara, paryAptaka va aparyAptaka avasthAoM vAle cAra gati rUpa bhava kAnana meM paribhramaNa karate haiN| isakA phala vipAka, alpasukha va bahudu:kha vAlA, mahAn bhaya se paripUrNa, gAr3he karmabaMdha kA kAraNa, dAraNa, kaThora, asAtA kA hetu aura mokSa mArga rUpa nirlobhatA ke lie argalA sadRza hai| isakA phala bhoge binA chuTakArA nahIM hotA hai| Asava dvAra kA upasaMhAra- isakA upasaMhAra aMtima 5 gAthAoM meM nirUpita hai jisakA bhAva isa prakAra hai- "ina pA~coM AnavoM ke nimitta se jIva prati samaya karma rUpI raja kA saMcaya karake cAra gati rUpa saMsAra meM paribhramaNa karate rahate haiN| jo puNya hIna prANI dharma kA zravaNa nahIM karate tathA zravaNa karake bhI AcaraNa meM pramAda karate haiM, ve anaMta kAla taka janma-maraNa karate rheNge| aisA bhagavAna ne pharamAyA hai|" dvitIya zruta-skaMdha prathama adhyayana-prathama saMvara dvAra 'ahiMsA' / isa adhyayana ke antargata sarvaprathama saMvara dvAroM kI mahimA kA varNana hai| isameM batAyA hai ki ye vrata samasta loka hitakArI, tapa aura saMyama rUpa haiM, jinameM zIla va uttama guNa rahe hue haiN| ye mukti pradAtA, sabhI tIrthakaroM dvArA upadiSTa, karma raja ke vidAraka, janma-maraNa ke aMtakartA, duHkhoM se bacAne va sukhoM meM pravRtta karane vAle, kAyaroM ke lie dustara, satpuruSoM dvArA sevita haiM tathA mokSa ke mArga haiN|

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- |praznavyAkaraNa sUtra 9231] isake pazcAt isa saMvara dvAra meM ahiMsA ko prathama dharma batAte hue kahA hai ki yaha deva, manuSya aura asurAdi lokoM meM dIpa ke samAna prakAzaka aura sabakI zaraNa evaM AdhArabhUta hai| ahiMsA ke guNa niSpanna sATha nAmoM kA ullekha karane ke sAtha ise jIva mAtra ke lie kSemaMkarI batAyA hai, kyoMki ahiMsA bhagavatI aparimita jJAnI-triloka pUjya tIrthaMkaroM dvArA sudRSTa, avadhi jJAniyoM dvArA jJAta, pUrvadhAriyoM dvArA paThita, jJAna-tapa-labdhidhara sAdhakoM dvArA anupAlita aura upadiSTa hai| isI ke sAtha prakaTa kiyA hai ki isake rakSaNa hetu AhAra zuddhi paramAvazyaka hai| ataH gRhIta AhAra nirdoSa vidhipUrvaka navakoTi parizuddha, udgama utpAdana va eSaNA doSa se rahita honA caahie| ahiMsA vrata kI rakSArtha 5 bhAvanAoM kA varNana bhI upalabdha hai| isake aMtargata IryA samiti, manaH samiti, bhASA samiti, eSaNA samiti aura AdAna-nikSepaNA samiti ke pAlana evaM 'dhiimayA maimayA' arthAt dhairya aura viveka kA pAlana ahiMsA sAdhanA ke lie paramAvazyaka hone kA sUtrakAra dvArA ullekha kiyA gayA hai| adhyayana kA upasaMhAra karate hue sUtrakAra pharamAte haiM ki isa saMvara dvAra ko pratyeka munijana ko upayoga pUrvaka pA~ca bhAvanAoM sahita jIvana paryanta pAlana karanA caahie| pAlana meM yadi parISaha aura upasarga AyeM to dhairyapUrvaka saha lenA cAhie, kyoMki yaha navIna karmoM ke Asrava ko rokatA hai| arhanta bhagavaMtoM ne svayaM ise jIvana meM utAra kara hI sAdhaka ko dhAraNa karane, sevana karane kA upadeza diyA hai| bha. mahAvIra ne isakI prazaMsA kI hai tathA deva, mAnuSAdi kI pariSadA meM dezanA kI hai ata: yaha dharma dvAra pramANa pratiSThita hai aura maMgalamaya hai| dvitIya adhyayana-dvitIya saMvara dvAra 'satya' isa adhyayana meM sarvaprathama satya ke svarUpa kA nirUpaNa karate hue satya kI mahimA kA varNana kiyA gayA hai| isake antargata sadoSa satya kA tyAga aura bolane yogya vacanoM kA svarUpa pradarzita kiyA gayA hai| satya sabhI ke lie hitakara, mitakara, vratarUpa aura sarvajJoM dvArA dekhA aura parakhA gayA hone se zaMkA rahita hai| satyasevI hI saccA tapasvI hai, ise svarga va apavarga kA mArga kahA hai| ghora saMkaTa meM par3e hue manuSya kI 'satya' devatA kI taraha rakSA karatA hai| satyaniSTha ko Aga jalA nahIM sakatI, na vaha samudra meM DUbatA hai| vaha bhISaNa vipattiyoM se bhI sahaja meM hI chuTakArA pA letA hai| satya sabhI ke lie arcanIya, pUjanIya, ArAdhanIya mAnA gayA hai| satya ko mahAsAgara se bhI adhika gaMbhIra, merU se adhika sthira, candra se adhika saumya evaM nirmala, sUrya se adhika tejapuMja upamita kiyA hai| varjanIya satya ke bhI 11 rUpa pradarzita kiye haiN| sUtra meM 10 prakAra ke satya, 12 prakAra kI bhASA aura solaha prakAra ke vacanoM kA aMkana hai| satya dharma ke rakSaNArtha bhI 5 bhAvanAoM-anuvIci bhASaNa (akrodha yA krodhanigraha), nirlobhatA, nirbhayatA

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232 athavA dhairya aura mauna bhAvanA (hAsya tyAga) kA nirUpaNa upalabdha hai| isa satya mahAvrata ko jo munijana ukta pA~ca bhAvanAoM sahita pAlate haiM unake azubha adhyavasAya ruka jAte haiM va navIna karmoM kA baMdha nahIM hotA hai| yaha maMgalamaya, nirdoSa aura bAdhA rahita hai, ata: ise dhAraNa kara pratyeka manuSya ko apanA jIvana saphala banAnA caahie| tRtIya adhyayana- - tRtIya saMvara dvAra 'acaurya' prastuta adhyayana meM tRtIya saMvara dvAra kA nirUpaNa karate hue asteya kA svarUpa prakaTa kiyA hai| isake aMtargata batAyA hai ki jIvana paryanta tRNa jaise tuccha padArtha ko bhI binA pUche grahaNa na karanA eka mahatI sAdhanA hai| isa vrata ke prabhAva se mana atyaMta saMyamazIla bana jAtA hai, paradhana grahaNa kI pravRtti samApta ho jAtI hai| jJAnI bhagavaMtoM ne ise upAdeya kahA hai| yaha Asrava nirodha kA hetu evaM nirbhayatA pradAtA hai| ise sAdhujanoM kA dharmAcaraNa mAnA hai / aneka guNoM kA janaka hone se isake dhAraNa va pAlana se isa loka aura paraloka meM upakAra hone kA graMthakAra dvArA ullekha kiyA gayA hai| jinavANI- jainAgama-sAhitya vizeSAGka isI ke sAtha asteya ke ArAdhaka kauna nahIM, kA paricaya dete hue tapa: stena, vaca: stena, rUpastena, AcArastena, bhAvastena kA ullekha kiyA hai, sAtha hI asteya kA ArAdhaka kauna, ke aMtargata batAyA hai ki jo vastra, pAtrAdi, dharmopakaraNa, AhAra- pAnI Adi ke saMgrahaNa va saMvibhAga meM kuzala ho jo bAla, rugNa, vRddha, tapasvI, pravartaka, AcArya, upAdhyAya, sAdhu, kula, gaNa va saMgha kI prasannatA ke lie 10 prakAra kI sevA karane vAlA ho va nirjarA kA abhilASI ho tathA niSiddha AcaraNoM se sadA dUra rahatA ho vaha asteya kA ArAdhaka hotA hai| isake pazcAt acauryavrata kI ArAdhanA kA phala evaM isake rakSaNArtha 5 bhAvanAoM - viviktavasati (nirdoSa upAzraya), anujJAta saMstAraka (nirdoSa saMstAraka), zayyA parikarmavarjana, anujJAta bhaktAdi, sAdharmika vinaya Adi kA vistArapUrvaka varNana upalabdha hai| isa dharma dvAra ko jo munijana tIna karaNa, tIna yoga se jIvanaparyanta pAlate haiM unake azubha adhyavasAya ruka jAte hai, navIna karmoM kA baMdhana nahIM hotA, saMcita karmoM kI nirjarA hotI rahatI hai| samasta arihaMta bhagavaMtoM ne isakA pAlana kiyA hai / ata: maMgalamaya hai / caturtha adhyayana - caturtha saMvara dvAra 'brahmacarya' prastuta adhyayana meM sarvaprathama brahmacarya kI mahimA kA gAna evaM usake svarUpa kA nirUpaNa kiyA hai / Arya sudharmA svAmI ne isakI mahattA ko prakaTa karate hue kathana kiyA hai ki brahmacarya tapoM, niyamoM, jJAna-darzana - cAritra, samyaktva aura vinaya kA mUla hai| yaha himavAna parvata se bhI mahAna aura tejavAna hai, gaMbhIra hai, manuSya ke aMtaHkaraNa ko sthira karane vAlA, sAdhujanoM dvAra Asevita aura mokSa kA mArga hai, uttama guNoM vAlA va sukha rUpa hai, sarva

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praznavyAkaraNa sUtra prakAra ke upadravoM se rahita, acala akSaya pada pradAna karane vAlA, uttama muniyoM dvArA Acarita aura upadiSTa hai| kalyANa kA kAraNa, kumArAdi avasthAoM meM bhI vizuddha rUpa se ArAdhita va pAlita hai, zaMkA rahita hai| nirbhIkatA pradAtA, citta kI zAMti kA sthala aura avicala hai| tapa aura saMyama kA mUla AdhAra, pA~ca mahAvratoM meM vizeSa rUpa se mahattvapUrNa tathA pA~ca samiti-tIna gupti se rakSita hai| durgati ke mArga ko avaruddha karane evaM sadgati ke mArga ko prazasta karane vAlA aura loka meM uttama batAyA gayA hai| isa vrata ko kamaloM se suzobhita tAlAba se upamita evaM pAla ke samAna dharma kI rakSA karane vAlA batAyA hai| vizAla vRkSa ke skaMdha ke samAna yaha dharma kA AdhAra rUpa evaM aneka nirmala guNoM se yukta hai| isake bhaMga hone para vinaya, zIla, tapa Adi guNoM kA samUha phUTe ghar3e kI taraha saMbhagna, ATe kI taraha cUrNa, tor3I huI lakar3I kI taraha khaNDita evaM agni dvArA jalakara bikhare kASTha ke samAna vinaSTa ho jAtA hai-- isa prakAra brahmacarya kA mAhAtmya prakaTa karate hue aMta meM vaha brahmacarya bhagavAna hai' isa prakAra guNa utkIrtana dvArA svayaM vItarAga bhagavaMtoM ne brahmacarya vrata ke mahimA maNDita hone kA prastuta sUtra meM ullekha kiyA hai| isI ke sAtha brahmacarya ArAdhanA kA phala, brahmacArI ke AcaraNIya aura anAcaraNIya kA nirUpaNa, brahmacarya-vighAtaka nimitta evaM brahmacaryarakSaka niyamoM ke varNana ke sAtha, brahmacarya rakSaka 5 bhAvanAoM yathA--- vivikta zayanAsana, strIkathA-varjana, strIrUpa-nirIkSaNa varjana, pUrvabhoga ciMtana-tyAga aura praNIta bhojana-varjana kA vistArapUrvaka varNana kiyA gayA hai| jo munijana isako tInoM yogoM se zuddhipUrvaka pA~ca bhAvanAoM sahita maraNa paryanta pAlate haiM unake azubha adhyavasAya ruka jAte haiM, navIna pApa karmoM kA baMdha baMda ho jAtA hai, saMcita karmoM kI nirjarA hone lagatI hai| samasta arihaMta bhagavaMtoM ne isakA pAlana kiyA hai, unhIM ke kathanAnusAra bha. mahAvIra ne bhI isakA kathana kiyA hai| paMcama adhyayana-paMcama saMvara dvAra 'parigraha tyAga' prastuta adhyayana meM sUtrakAra ne aparigrahI zramaNa kA svarUpa prakaTa karate hue kahA ki jo mUrchA-mamatva bhAva se rahita hai, indriya saMvara aura kaSAya saMvara se yukta hai evaM AraMbha-parigraha tathA krodha, mAna, mAyA, lobha se rahita hai vahI zramaNa hotA hai| jo jinezvara dvArA prarUpita zAzvata satya hai, usameM zaMkA-kAMkSA rahita hokara hiMsAdi se nivRtti karanI caahie| isI prakAra nidAna rahita hokara, abhimAna se dUra rahakara nirlobha hokara, mUr3hatA tyAga kara jo apane mana, vacana aura kAya ko saMvRta karatA huA zraddhA karatA hai vahI sAdhu hai| isa prakAra sAdhu kA svarUpa nirUpaNa karane ke pazcAt isa saMvara dvAra ko dharmavRkSa kA rUpaka diyA hai| isameM sAdhuoM ko khAdya padArthoM kA saMcaya kara

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234 jinavANI- jainAgama-sAhitya vizeSAGka nahIM rakhane kA nirdeza karate hue AhAra saMbaMdhI doSoM kA bhI nAmollekha kiyA gayA hai / kalpanIya bhikSA ke antargata nava koTi vizuddha AhAra grahaNa karane ke kAraNoM evaM upakaraNa Adi kI sajagatA kA nirdeza kiyA hai| nirgranthoM ke AMtarika svarUpa evaM nirgrathoM kI 31 upamAoM kA nirUpaNa bhI isameM kiyA gayA hai| aparigraha vrata ke rakSaNArtha 5 bhAvanAoM-zrotrendriya saMyama, cakSurindriya saMyama, ghrANendriya saMyama, rasanendriya saMyama aura sparzanendriya saMyama kA savistAra varNana karate hue inake viSaya vikAroM se bacane kA nirdeza kiyA hai| aMta meM sUtrakAra ne kathana kiyA hai ki pA~coM indriyoM ke saMvara se sampanna aura mana, vacana, kAya se gupta hokara hI sAdhu ko dharma kA AcaraNa karanA caahie| saMvara dvAra kA upasaMhAra karate hue sUtrakAra ne pharamAyA hai ki jo sAdhu pUrvokta paccIsa bhAvanAoM aura jJAna, darzana se yukta, kaSAya aura indriya saMvara se saMvRtta, prApta saMyama yoga kA prayatnapUrvaka pAlana aura aprApta saMyamayoga kI prApti ke lie prayatnazIla rahate hue sarvathA vizuddha zraddhAvAna hotA haiM, vaha ina saMvaroM kI ArAdhanA karake mukta hotA hai| isa prakAra kI viSaya sAmagrI kA nirUpaNa praznavyAkaraNa sUtra ke aMtargata Arya sudharmA svAmI ne jambUsvAmI ke samakSa prakaTa kiyA hai| vyAkhyAtA, alIgar3ha, jilA-ToMka (rAja.)

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vipAka sUja : eka paricaya *zrI jambU kumAra jaina vipAka kA artha hotA hai- phala yA prinnaam| vipAka sUtra meM satkarmoM kA phala sukharUpa tathA duSkarmo kA phala duHkharUpa pratipAdita kiyA gayA hai| du:khavipAka evaM sukhavipAka donoM ke daza-daza adhyayanoM dvArA karma-phala ko sodAharaNa spaSTa kara pApakarmoM ke parityAga evaM satkarmo ke upAdAna kI preraNA kI gaI hai| zrI jaina siddhAnta zikSaNa saMsthAna, jayapura ke pUrva chAtra eva variSTha svAdhyAyI zrI jambUkumAra jI ne vipAkasUtra ke pratipAdya ko saMkSepa meM spaSTa kiyA hai| -sampAdaka aMgasUtroM meM vipAka sUtra gyArahavA~ aMga sUtra hai| isake do zruta skaMdha haiM- 1. sukha vipAka aura 2 . duHkha vipaak| du:kha vipAka meM pApa karmoM kA tathA sukha vipAka meM puNya karmoM kA phala pratipAdita kiyA gayA hai| kisa prakAra kA karma karane para kisa prakAra kA phala prApta hotA hai, yahI vipAka sUtra kA mukhya pratipAdya viSaya hai| azubha kArya kA phala kabhI sukhada nahIM hotA tathA zubha kArya kA phala kabhI duHkhada nahIM hotaa| babUla kA per3a bokara usase Ama prApta nahIM kie jA sakate arthAt karma ke anusAra hI phala prApta hotA AcArya vIrasena ne karmoM ke udaya evaM udIraNA ko vipAka kahA hai| AcArya pUjyapAda ne viziSTa yA nAnA prakAra ke pAka ko vipAka kahA hai| AcArya abhayadeva ne puNya-pApa rUpa karmaphala kA pratipAdana karane vAle sUtra ko vipAka sUtra kahA hai| samavAyAMgasUtra meM vipAkasUtra ko sukRta aura duSkRta karmoM ke phala (vipAka) ko batalAne vAlA Agama kahA gayA hai| sthAnAMga meM vipAkasUtra kA nAma karma vipAkadazA prayukta huA hai| vipAkasUtra meM karma phala kI bAta batalAyI gaI hai, ata: karma ke saMbaMdha meM jAnakArI Avazyaka hai| rAga-dveSa se yukta saMsArI jIva meM pratisamaya parispadaMna rUpa jo kriyA hotI rahatI hai, usako sAmAnya rUpa se pA~ca rUpoM meM mithyAtva, avirati, pramAda, kaSAya aura yoga meM vargIkRta kara sakate haiN| inake nimitta se AtmA ke sAtha karma-vargaNA ke acetana pudgala paramANu Ate haiM aura ve rAga-dveSa kA nimitta pAkara AtmA ke sAtha baMdha jAte hai, ise karma kahate haiN| saMkSipta meM kaheM to mithyAtva, avirati, pramAda, kaSAya aura yoga se jIva dvArA jo kiyA jAtA hai, use karma kahate haiN| jaba taka AtmA ke sAtha karma lage rahate haiM taba taka jIva aneka janma dhAraNa kara isa saMsAra sAgara meM gote lagAtA rahatA hai arthAt punarjanma letA hai| jaba sampUrNa karmoM kA kSaya ho jAtA hai to vaha mukta ho jAtA hai, phira use janma lene kI AvazyakatA nahIM hotii|

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| 236 jinavANI- jainAgama-sAhitya vizeSAGaka vipAka sUtra ke pratyeka adhyayana meM purnajanma kI carcA hai| saMsAra meM koI vyakti duHkha se pIr3ita hai to koI sukhasAgara meM tairatA dikhAI detA hai| aisA kyoM hotA hai, isI ko vipAkasUtra meM samyak rUpeNa samajhAyA gayA hai| jo anyAya, atyAcAra, mAMsabhakSaNa, vezyAgamana karatA hai tathA dIna-du:khiyoM ko pIr3ita karatA hai usake dvArA vibhinna prakAra kI yAtanAe~ evaM mahAduHkha bhogA jAtA hai, isakA varNana isa satra meM kiyA gayA hai| ise du:khavipAka ke nAma se jAnA jAtA hai| sukhavipAka meM supAtradAnAdi kA pratiphala sukha batAyA gayA hai| isa Agama meM pApa aura puNya kI guru-granthiyoM ko sarala udAharaNoM dvArA udghATita kiyA gayA hai| jina jIvoM ne pUrvabhavoM meM vividha pApakRtya kie, unheM AgAmI jIvana meM dAruNa vedanAe~ prApta huI, duHkha vipAka meM aise hI pApakRtya karane vAle jIvoM kA varNana hai aura jinhoMne pUrvabhava meM sRkRta kie, unheM phalarUpa meM sukha upalabdha huA, sukha vipAka meM aise hI jIvoM kA varNana hai| racanAkAla- isakI racanA kaba huI, isakA koI spaSTa ullekha upalabdha nahIM hotA hai| samavAyAMga ke pacapanaveM samavAya meM bhagavAna mahAvIra dvArA aMtima samaya meM puNya karmaphala tathA pApakarmaphala ko pradarzita karane vAle pacapana-pacapana adhyayana dharmadezanA ke rUpa meM pradAna karane kA ullekha hai| kaI cintaka yaha mAnate haiM ki yaha vahI vipAka sUtra hai jo Aja upalabdha hai, aba isake paiMtAlIsa-paiMtAlIsa adhyayana vismRta ho gaye haiM, kintu yaha mantavya kisI bhI dRSTi se yukti saMgata nahIM baiThatA hai| nandIsUtra meM vipAka sUtra ke bIsa adhyayanoM kA ullekha milatA hai, kintu vartamAna meM isakA bahuta bar3A bhAga vismRta ho gayA hai tathA isakA AkAra kAphI choTA ho gayA hai| vartamAna meM choTe AkAra ke bIsa adhyayana vAlA vipAka sUtra hI upalabdha hai| ye adhyayana choTe-choTe hone para bhI bar3e hI rocaka, preraNAspada evaM hRdaya ko chUne vAle haiN| ina adhyayanoM ko par3hakara mumukSu sAdhaka apane ko pApakarmoM se bacAkara zubha karmoM meM lagA sakatA hai tathA apanA mAnava jIvana saphala kara sakatA hai| yaha sUtra 1216 zloka pramANa hai| viSayavastu- vipAka sUtra ke do zrutaskandha haiM- 1. du:khavipAka aura 2. sukha vipaak| inameM pratyeka meM 10-10 adhyayana haiM, jo nimna prakAra haiM duHkhavipAka ke adhyayana suHkhavipAka ke adhyayana 1. mRgAputra 1. subAhukumAra 2.ujjhitaka 2. bhadranaMdI 3. abhagnasena 3. sujAtakumAra 4. zakaTa 4. suvAsava kumAra 5.bRhaspatidatta 5.jinadAsa kumAra

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vipAka sUtra : eka paricaya 6. nandivarddhana 7. umbaradatta 8. zaurikadatta 9. devadatta 10 aMjU 6. dhanapati 7. mahAbala kumAra 8. bhadranaMdI kumAra 9. mahAcandra kumAra 10. varadatta kumAra 237 duHkhavipAka isameM kula 10 adhyayana haiN| isameM pahalA adhyayana hI vistRta hai, zeSa saMkSipta haiN| prathama adhyayana meM mRgAputra kA varNana hai| mRgAputra janma se hI aMdhA, baharA, lUlA, laMgar3A aura huMDaka saMsthAnI thaa| usake zarIra meM kAna, nAka, A~kha, hAtha, paira Adi avayavoM kA abhAva thA, mAtra unake nizAna the| vaha jo bhI AhAra letA vaha bhasmaka vyAdhi ke prabhAva se tatkAla hajama ho jAtA tathA turanta hI rudhira aura mavAda ke rUpa meM badala jAtA thA / usakI isa bIbhatsa dazA ke saMbaMdha meM gautama svAmI ne bhagavAna mahAvIra se jijJAsA kI / bhagavAna mahAvIra ne uttara meM pharamAyA ki pUrvajanma meM vaha vijayavarddhamAna nAmaka kheTa kA zAsaka ikkAI nAmaka rASTrakUTa ( prAntAdhipati) thaa| vaha atyanta adharmI, adharmadarzI, adharmAcArI thA / use prajA ko duHkha dene meM Ananda AtA thaa| vaha rizvatakhora thA tathA niraparAdhI janoM ko taMga karatA thA / rAta-dina pApakRtyoM meM lIna rahatA thA / ina kRtyoM kA tAtkAlika phala yaha huA ki usake zarIra meM solaha mahAkaSTadAyI roga utpanna ho gae~ vaha duHkha bhogatA huA anta samaya meM marakara prathama nArakI meM utpanna huaa| vahA~ dAruNa vedanAe~ bhogakara Ayu pUrNa hone para yahA~ mRgArANI kI kukSi se mRgAputra ke rUpa meM utpanna huA hai| Age bhI vaha aneka bhavoM meM duHkha bhogatA huA anta meM manuSya bhava prApta kara saMyama kI sAdhanA kara mukta hogA / dvitIya adhyayana meM ujjhitaka dvArA pUrvabhava meM pazuoM ko aneka prakAra ke kaSTa dene, mAMsa, madirA kA sevana karane tathA vartamAna bhava meM juA khelane, zarAba sevana karane, corI karane tathA vezyAgamana ke kAraNa zUlI para car3hane kA varNana hai| tRtIya adhyayana meM abhagnasena dvArA pUrvabhavoM meM aNDoM kA vyApAra karane, unheM bhUnakara khAne ke kAraNa vartamAna bhava meM vivaza hokara apanA hI mAMsa khAne, apanA hI rudhira pIne tathA sareAma phAMsI para car3hane kA varNana hai| caturtha adhyayana meM zakaTakumAra dvArA pUrvabhava meM pazuoM kA mAMsa becane tathA vartamAna bhava meM vezyAgamana evaM parastrIgamana ke kAraNa tRtIya adhyayana ke samAna hI kaSTa bhogane kA varNana hai / pA~caveM adhyayana meM bRhaspatidatta kA varNana hai / pUrvabhavoM meM brAhmaNoM kI bali car3hAne tathA vartamAna bhava meM parastrIgamana ke kAraNa bRhaspatidatta ko ghora kaSTa uThAne par3e tathA zUlI para car3hAyA gayA hai| chaThe adhyayana meM naMdIvarddhana dvArA pUrvabhavoM meM jelara ke pada para rahate hue kaidiyoM ko yAtanAe~ dene tathA vartamAna bhava meM rAjyalipsA ke

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[ 238 jinavANI- jainAgama-sAhitya vizeSAGaka kAraNa ghora kaSTa uThAne tathA asamaya meM hI mRtyu kA grAsa banane kA varNana hai| sAtaveM adhyayana meM umbaradatta dvArA pUrvabhavoM meM mAMsAhAra evaM madirA sevana karane ke kAraNa vartamAna bhava meM aneka zArIrika rogoM se pIr3ita hone kA varNana hai| AThaveM adhyayana meM zauridatta kA varNana hai| pUrvabhavoM meM pazupakSiyoM kA mAMsa pakAne tathA vartamAna bhava meM machalI kA vyApAra karane, usakA sevana karane ke kAraNa gale meM machalI kA kAMTA phaMsa jAne ke kAraNa dAruNa du:kha evaM asAdhya vedanA sahane kA varNana hai| navama adhyayana meM devadattA dvArA pUrvabhavoM meM striyoM ko jalAkara mArane tathA vartamAna bhava meM apanI sAsU kI hatyA ke kAraNa dAruNa vedanAe~ bhogane kA varNana hai| dasaveM adhyayana meM sArthavAha kI putrI aMjU kA varNana hai| pUrvabhava meM usake vezyA hone ke kAraNa anta samaya taka kAmabhogoM meM Asakta rahane ke kAraNa vahA~ se nikalakara chaThI naraka meM utpanna huI tathA vahA~ AyuSya pUrNa hone para vartamAna meM aMjU ke rUpa meM janma liyaa| pUrvakarmoM tathA viSaya bhogoM meM pragAr3ha Asakti ke kAraNa use vartamAna bhava meM yonizUla jaisI mahAvedanA ko bhoganA pdd'aa| isa taraha sabhI adhyayanoM meM pUrvabhava evaM vartamAna bhava meM kie gae azubha karmoM ke kAraNa vartamAna bhava meM dAruNa vedanAe~ bhogane kA varNana hai| isa du:khavipAka se hama nimnalikhita preraNAe~ evaM zikSAe~ grahaNa kara sakate 1. sattA prApta hone para usakA durupayoga na kreN| 2. pati kI AjJA se mRgArANI ne duHsaha durgandhayukta usa pApI mRgAputra kI bhI sevA paricaryA kii| yaha karttavyaniSThA evaM patiparAyaNatA kA anupama Adarza hai| 3. janma-janmAMtara taka pApAcaraNa ke saMskAra calate haiM isI prakAra dharma saMskAra kI bhI aneka bhavoM taka paramparA calatI hai| 4. mAMsAhAra meM Asakta jIvoM ko aneka bhavoM taka kaSTa bhogane par3ate haiN| 5. aMDoM kA vyApAra evaM AhAra, paMcendriya kI hiMsA, madirA sevana Adi pravRttiyoM vAlA jIva prAya: narakagAmI hotA hai| 6. caurya pravRti bhI acchI nahIM hai| corI karane vAlA sadaiva bhayAkrAMta evaM saMkaTagrasta rahatA hai| 7. vyasana se aneka kaSTa uThAne par3ate haiN| ata: hameM vyasanamukta jIvana jInA cAhie~ 8. rUI meM lapeTI huI Aga jisa taraha chupa nahIM sakatI usI taraha gupta pApa bhI eka dina kaI gunA hokara prakaTa ho jAtA hai| ata: pApa ko prakaTa kara zuddhi kara lenI cAhie~ 9 dUsaroM ko du:kha dene meM AnaMda mAnane vAlA svayaM bhI pratiphala meM duHkha hI prApta karatA hai|

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vipAka sUtra eka paricaya 239 10. dUsaroM ko khuza karane ke lie bhI jIva pApa karma kA sevana karate haiM. kintu karmoM kA udaya hone para usakA phala svayaM ko hI bhoganA par3atA hai| 11. svArtha evaM bhogalipsA sAre saMbaMdha bhulA detI hai| 12. bhogavilAsa, indriya viSayoM ke sukha yA AnaMda jIva ke lie mIThe jahara ke samAna haiN| 13. vyakti apane gharANe, sattA yA dhana kA ahaM bhAva karatA hai, kintu tIvra pApakarmodaya hone para koI trANabhUta, zaraNabhUta nahIM hotA / 14. jIvana ko dharmasaMskAroM, zubhAcaraNoM se bhAvita kiyA jAe to vikaTa duHkha kI ghar3iyoM ko bhI AsAnI se sahana kara karmabandha se bacA jA sakatA hai| 15. dharmAcaraNa ke abhyAsa evaM cintana se AtmavizvAsa jAgrata hotA hai| sukhavipAka isameM una AtmAoM kA varNana haiM, jinhoMne zubhakarmoM ke kAraNa sukha ko prApta kiyaa| isameM bhI 10 adhyayana haiM jinameM prathama adhyayana subAhukumAra kA hai / pUrvabhava meM subAhukumAra dvArA nirdoSa bhAva se mAsakhamaNa ke pAraNe meM bhikSArtha Ae munirAja ko khIra kA AhAra diyA gayA thA, usI ke phalasvarUpa use vartamAna bhava meM rAjaparivAra meM janma tathA aneka sukhopabhoga ke sAdhana upalabdha hue tathA bhagavAna mahAvIra kA samAgama bhI prApta huaa| zeSa nau adhyayana bhI subAhukumAra kI taraha hI haiM, kevala nagarI Adi ke nAma kA antara hai, unhoMne bhI pUrvajanma ke zubhakarmoM ke kAraNa vartamAna bhava meM sukhopabhoga prApta kiyaa| isa sukhavipAka se hama nimnalikhita preraNAe~ le sakate haiM 1. bhavya AtmAe~ adhika samaya taka bhogoM meM Asakta nahIM rahatI, kintu nimitta milate hI bhogoM kA tyAga kara virakta bana jAtI haiM / 2. yadi hama saMyama svIkAra na kara sakeM to hameM zrAvaka ke vrata avazya hI grahaNa karane caahie| 3. dIkSA grahaNoparAnta apanA samaya nirdoSa saMyamArAdhanA evaM jJAna-dhyAna ke cintana-manana meM bitAnA caahie| 4. supAtra dAna dene se samyaktva kI prApti evaM saMsAra parItta hotA hai| ataH supAtradAna kA lakSya rakhanA caahie| 5. munirAja ke gocarI padhArane para zAlInatA se vidhipUrvaka vyavahAra karanA caahie| 6. eSaNA ke 42 doSoM evaM gocarI saMbaMdhI viveka-vyavahAra kA jJAna zrAvakoM ko bhI rakhanA caahie| 7. supAtra dAna dene meM traikAlika harSa honA cAhie, yathA dAna dene ke suavasara para, susaMyoga prApta hone para, dAna dete vakta dAna dekara nivRtta ho jAne para /

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| 240 A AP jinavANI- jainAgama sAhitya vizeSAGakA isa taraha se vipAka zruta kA adhyayana karane se hameM yaha jAnakArI prApta hotI hai ki kisa prakAra jIva duSkRta karane se dAruNa vedanAe~ bhogatA hai tathA sukRta karane se apAra sukhopabhoga ko prApta karatA hai| hameM kina pravRttiyoM se bacanA cAhie tathA kina pravRttiyoM ko apanAnA caahie| agara hama sukha cAhate haiM to apanA jIvana dUsaroM kI bhalAI, kalyANa evaM paropakAra meM lagAe~ svayaM vItarAga dharma kA ArAdhana kara isa mAnava janma ko saphala va sArthaka bnaaeN| jIvana kI saphalatA sukha bhoga meM nahIM, bhogoM ke tyAga meM hai, isa tathya ko sadaiva smaraNa rkheN| -112/303, agravAla phArma, mAnasarovara, jayapura

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dRSTivAda kA svarUpa AcAryapravara zrI hastImala jI ma.sA. bArahavA~ aMga Agama dRSTivAda isa samaya anupalabdha hai| isake pA~ca vibhAgoM kA ullekha milatA hai- 1. parikarma, 2 sUtra, 3. pUrvagata, 4. anuyoga aura 5. cUlikA / samprati upalabdha srotoM ke AdhAra para prastuta Alekha meM dRSTivAda kA saMkSipta paricaya diyA gayA hai / yaha lekha AcAryapravara zrI hastImala jI mahArAja dvArA racita "jaina dharma kA maulika itihAsa, bhAga-2" se sAbhAra uddhRta kiyA gayA hai| - sampAdaka diTThivAya-dRSTivAda- dRSTipAta - yaha pravacanapuruSa kA bAharavAM aMga hai, jisameM saMsAra ke samasta darzanoM aura nayoM kA nirUpaNa kiyA gayA hai|' athavA jisameM samyaktva Adi dRSTiyoM arthAt darzanoM kA vivecana kiyA gayA hai| dRSTivAda nAmaka yaha bArahavAM aMga vilupta ho cukA hai, ataH Aja yaha kahIM upalabdha nahIM hotaa| vIra nirvANa saM. 170 meM zrutakevalI AcArya bhadrabAhu ke svargagamana ke pazcAt dRSTivAda kA hrAsa prArambha huA aura vI.ni. saM. 1000 meM yaha pUrNata: ( zabda rUpa se pUrNata: aura artha rUpa meM adhikAMzataH) vilupta ho gyaa| sthAnAMga meM dRSTivAda ke dasa nAma batAye gaye haiM jo isa prakAra haiMtathyavAda 5. samyakvAda 6. dharmavAda pUrvagata 9. anuyogagata aura 10. 1. dRSTivAda 2 hetuvAda 3. bhUtavAda 4 7. bhASAvicaya athavA bhASAvijaya 8 sarvaprANa- bhUtajIvasattvasukhAvaha / samavAyAMga evaM nandIsUtra ke anusAra dRSTivAda ke pAMca vibhAga kahe gaye haiM- parikarma, sUtra, pUrvagata, anuyoga aura cUlikA / ina pAMcoM vibhAgoM ke vibhinna bhedaprabhedoM kA samavAyAMga evaM nandIsUtra meM vivaraNa diyA gayA hai, jinakA sArAMza yaha hai ki dRSTivAda ke prathama vibhAga parikarma ke antargata lipivijJAna aura sarvAgapUrNa gaNita vidyA kA vivecana thA / isake dUsare bheda sUtravibhAga meM chinna-cheda naya, achinna-cheda naya, trika naya tathA caturnaya kI paripATiyoM meM se prathama - chinna cheda naya aura caturtha caturnaya ye do paripATiyAM nirgranthoM kI aura achinna chedanaya evaM trikanaya kI paripATiyAM AjIvikoM kI kahI gayI hai| dRSTivAda kA tIsarA vibhAga- pUrvagata vibhAga anya saba vibhAgoM se adhika vizAla aura bar3A mahattvapUrNa mAnA gayA hai| isake antargata nimnalikhita 14 pUrva the 1. utpAdapUrva- isameM saba dravya aura paryAyoM ke utpAda (utpatti) kI prarUpaNA kI gaI thii| isakA padaparimANa 1 koTi mAnA gayA hai| 2. agrAyaNIyapUrva- isameM sabhI dravya, paryAya aura jIvavizeSa ke

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242 jinavANI- jainAgama-sAhitya vizeSAGaka agraparimANa kA varNana kiyA gayA thA / isakA pada parimANa 69 lAkha pada mAnA gayA hai| 3. vIryapravAda- isameM sakarma evaM niSkarma jIva tathA ajIva ke vIryazaktivizeSa kA varNana thA / isakI pada saMkhyA 70 lAkha mAnI gaI hai| 4. astinAstipravAda pUrva- isameM vastuoM ke astitva tathA nAstitva ke varNana ke sAtha- sAtha dharmAstikAya Adi dravyoM kA astitva aura khapuSpa Adi kA nAstitva tathA pratyeka dravya ke svarUpa se astitva evaM pararUpa se nAstitva kA pratipAdana kiyA gayA thaa| isakA padaparimANa 60 lAkha pada batAyA gayA hai 1 5. jJAnapravAdapUrva- isameM matijJAna Adi 5 jJAna tathA inake bheda-prabhedoM kA vistArapUrvaka varNana kiyA gayA thaa| isakI padasaMkhyA 1 karor3a mAnI gaI hai| 6. satyapravAdapUrva- isameM satyavacana athavA saMyama kA pratipakSa (asatyoM ke svarUpoM) ke vivecana ke sAtha-sAtha vistArapUrvaka varNana kiyA gayA thA / isameM kula 1 karor3a aura 6 pada hone kA ullekha milatA hai| 7. AtmapravAdapUrva- isameM AtmA ke svarUpa usakI vyApakatA, jJAtRbhAva tathA bhoktApana saMbaMdhI vivecana aneka nayamatoM kI dRSTi se kiyA gayA thA / isameM 26 karor3a pada mAne gaye haiM / 8. karmapravAdapUrva- isameM jJAnAvaraNIya Adi ATha karmoM kA, unakI prakRtiyoM, sthitiyoM, zaktiyoM evaM parimANoM Adi kA baMdha ke bheda - prabheda sahita vistArapUrvaka varNana thA / isa pUrva kI padasaMkhyA 1 karor3a 80 hajAra pada batAI gaI hai| 9. pratyAkhyAnapravAdapUrva- isameM pratyAkhyAna kA, isake bheda-prabhedoM ke sAtha vistAra sahita varNana kiyA gayA thaa| isake atirikta isa nauveM pUrva meM AcAra saMbaMdhI niyama bhI nirdhArita kiye gae the / isameM 84 lAkha pada the| 10. vidyAnuvAdapUrva- isameM aneka atizaya zaktisampanna vidyAoM evaM upavidyAoM kA unakI sAdhanA karane kI vidhi ke sAtha nirUpaNa kiyA gayA thaa| jinameM aMguSTha praznAdi 700 laghu vidyAoM, rohiNI Adi 500 mahAvidyAoM evaM antarikSa, bhauma, aMga, svara, svapna, lakSaNa, vyaMjana aura chinna ina ATha mahAnimittoM dvArA bhaviSya jAnane kI vidhi kA varNana kiyA gayA thaa| isa pUrva ke padoM kI saMkhyA 1 karor3a 10 lAkha batAI gaI hai| 11. avandhyapUrva - vandhya zabda kA artha hai niSphala athavA mogha / isake viparIta jo kabhI niSphala na ho arthAt jo amogha ho use avandhya kahate haiM / isa avandhyapUrva meM jJAna, tapa Adi sabhI satkarmoM ko zubhaphala dene vAle tathA pramAda Adi asatkarmoM ko azubha phaladAyaka batAyA gayA thA / zubhAzubha karmoM ke phala nizcita rUpa se amogha hote haiM, kabhI kisI bhI dazA meM niSphala nahIM hote| isalie isa gyArahaveM pUrva kA nAma avandhyapUrva rakhA gyaa|

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dRSTivAda kA svarUpa 243 isakI padasaMkhyA 26 karor3a batAI gaI hai| digambara paramparA meM gyArahaveM pUrva kA nAma "kalyANavAda pUrva' mAnA gayA hai| digambara paramparA kI mAnyatAnusAra kalyANavAda nAmaka gyAhaveM pUrva meM tIrthaMkaroM, cakravartiyoM, baladevoM, vAsudevoM aura prativAsudevoM ke garbhAvataraNotsavoM, tIrthakara nAmakarma kA upArjana karane vAlI solaha bhAvanAoM evaM tapasyAoM kA tathA candra va sUrya ke grahaNa, graha-nakSatroM ke prabhAva, zakuna, unake zubhAzubha phala 'Adi kA varNana kiyA gayA thaa| zvetAmbara paramparA kI taraha digambara paramparA meM bhI isa pUrva kI pada saMkhyA 26 karor3a hI mAnI gaI hai| 12. prANAyu pUrva- isa pUrva meM zvetAmbara paramparA kI mAnyatAnusAra Ayu aura prANoM kA bheda-prabheda sahita varNana kiyA gayA thaa| digambara paramparA kI mAnyatAnusAra isameM kAya-cikitsA pramukha aSTAMga, Ayurveda, bhUtikarma, jAMguli, prakrama, sAdhaka Adi Ayurveda ke bheda, ilA, piMgalAdi prANa, pRthvI, jala, agni, vAyu Adi tatvoM ke aneka bheda, daza prANa, dravya, dravyoM ke upakAra tathA apakAra rUpoM kA varNana kiyA gayA thaa| zvetAmbaraparamparA kI mAnyatAnusAra prANAyupUrva kI pada saMkhyA 1 karor3a 56 lAkha aura digambara mAnyatAnusAra 13 karor3a thii| 13. kriyAvizAlapUrva- isameM saMgItazAstra, chanda, alaMkAra, puruSoM kI 72 kalAeM, striyoM kI 64 kalAeM, caurAsI prakAra ke zilpa, vijJAna, garbhAdhAnAdi kAyika kriyAoM tathA samyagdarzana kriyA, munIndravandana, nityaniyama Adi AdhyAtmika kriyAoM kA vistArapUrvaka varNana kiyA gayA thaa| laukika evaM lokottara sabhI kriyAoM kA isameM varNana kiyA jAne ke kAraNa isa pUrva kA kalevara ati vizAla thaa| zvetAmbara aura digambara donoM paramparAeM isakI pada saMkhyA 9 karor3a mAnatI haiN| 14. lokabindusAra- isameM laukika aura pAralaukika sabhI prakAra kI vidyAoM kA evaM sampUrNa rUpa se jJAna niSpAdita karAne vAlI sarvAkSarasannipAtAdi viziSTa labdhiyoM kA varNana thaa| akSara para bindu kI taraha saba prakAra ke jJAna kA sarvottama sAra isa pUrva meM nihita thaa| isI kAraNa ise lokabindusAra athavA trilokabindusAra kI saMjJA se abhihita kiyA gayA hai| zvetAmbara aura digambara donoM paramparAoM kI mAnyatA ke anusAra isakI pada saMkhyA sADhe bAraha karor3a thii| uparyukta 14 pUrvo kI vastu (granthavicchedavizeSa) saMkhyA kramaza: 10, 14,8,18,12,2,16,30,20,15,12,13,30 aura 25 ullikhita hai|

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jinavANI- jainAgama-sAhitya vizeSAGaka caudaha pUrvo ke uparyukta granthaviccheda-vastu ke atirikta Adi ke 4 pUrvo kI kramaza: 4,12,8 aura 10 cUlikAeM (culla kSullaka) mAnI gaI haiN| zeSa 10 pUrvI ke culla arthAt kSulla nahIM mAne gaye haiM / jisa prakAra parvata ke zikhara kA parvata ke zeSa bhAga se sarvopari sthAna hotA hai usI prakAra pUrvo meM cUlikAoM kA sthAna sarvopari mAnA gayA hai| anuyoga - anuyoga nAmaka vibhAga ke mUla prathamAnuyoga aura gaNDikAnuyoga ye do bheda batAye gae haiN| prathama mUla prathamAnuyoga meM arahantoM ke paMcakalyANaka kA vistRta vivaraNa tathA dUsare gaMDikAnuyoga meM kulakara, cakravartI, baladeva, vAsudeva Adi mahApuruSoM kA caritra diyA gayA thaa| dRSTivAda ke isa caturtha vibhAga anuyoga meM itanI mahattvapUrNa vipula sAmagrI vidyamAna thI ki use jaina dharma kA prAcIna itihAsa athavA jaina purANa kI saMjJA se abhihita kiyA jA sakatA hai| digambara paramparA meM isa caturtha vibhAga kA sAmAnya nAma prathamAnuyoga pAyA jAtA hai| cUlikA - samavAyAMga aura nandIsUtra meM Adi ke cAra pUrvo kI jo cUlikAeM batAI gaI haiM, unhIM cUlikAoM kA dRSTivAda ke isa paMcama vibhAga meM samAveza kiyA gayA hai / yathA - "se kiM taM cUliyAo ? cUliyAo AillANaM cauNhaM puvvANaM cUliyA, sesAI acUliyAI, se taM cUliyAo / " para digambara paramparA meM jalagata, sthalagata, mAyAgata, rUpagata aura AkAzagata-ye pAMca prakAra kI cUlikAeM batAI gaI haiN| saMdarbha 1. dRSTayo darzanAni nayA vA ucyante abhidhIyante patanti vA avataranti yatrAsau dRSTivAdo, dRSTipAto vA / pravacanapuruSasya dvAdaze'Gge - sthAnAMga vRtti ThA. 4, u. 1 2. dRSTirdarzanaM samyaktvAdi, vadanaM vAdo, dRSTinAM vAdo dRSTivAdaH / - pravacana sArodvAra, dvAra 144 3. goyamA ! jaMbUddIve NaM dIve bhArahe vAse imIse osappiNIe mamaM egaM vAsasahassaM puvvagae aNusajjissai / - bhagavatIsUtra, zataka 20, u.8, sUtra 677 suttAgame, pR. 804 4. diTThivAyassa NaM dasa nAmadhijjA paNNattA / jahA diTThivAei vA hetuvAei vA, bhUyavAei vA taccAvAei vA sammAvAei vA, dhammAvAei vA, bhAsAvijaei vA, puvvagaei vA, aNuogagaei vA, savvapANabhUyajIvasattasuhAvahei vA / - sthAnAMga sUtra ThA. 10 5. .se kiM diTThivAe ? se samAsao paMcavihe paNNatte taM jahA parikamme, suttAiM, puvvagae, aNuoge cUliyA (nandI) 6. paDhamaM uppAyapuvvaM, tattha savvadavvANaM pajjavANa ya uppAyabhAvamaMgIkAuM paNNavaNA kyaa| (nandI cUrNi) 7. dasa coddasa aTTha aTThAraseva bArasa duve ya vatthUNi / solasa tIsA vIsA paNNarasa aNuppavAyammi |

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viSTivAda kA svarUpa bArasa ikkArasame bArasame teraseva vtthuunni| tIsA puNa terasame coddasame paNNavIsA u|| 8. cattAri duvAlasa aTTha ceva dasa ceva cuulvtthuunni| AillANa cauNhaM sesANaM cUliyA natthi -zrImannandIsUtram (pU. hastImala jI ma.sA. dvArA anUdita) pR. 148 9. te savvuvari ThiyA paDhijjati ya ato tesu ya pavvaya cUlA iva cuulaa| (nandIcUrNi)

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aupapAtika sUtra pro. cAMdamala karNAvaTa aMgabAhya upAMga AgamoM meM 'aupapAtikasUtra' kI gaNanA prathama sthAna para kI jAtI hai| kaI AgamoM meM varNita viSayoM kA isameM nirdeza kiyA gayA hai| campAnagarI, pUrNabhadra caitya, vanakhaNDa Adi kA isameM manohArI varNana hai| campAnareza kRNika dvArA bhagavAna mahAbIra ke darzana karane saMbaMdhI varNana bhI vistAra se huA hai| isameM dvAdazavidha tapa kA bhI vistRta vivecana hai| bhaugolika, sAmAjika evaM sAMskRtika dRSTi se bhI isa Agama kA adhyayana upayogI hai| samarpita svAdhyAyI-prazikSaka evaM sevAnivRtta prophesara zrI cA~damala jI karNAvaTa ne aupapAtika satra ke vividha AyAmoM kA digdarzana karAyA hai| - sampAdaka caturdazapUrvadhara sthavira praNIta 'uvavAiya' yA 'aupapAtika sUtra' bAraha upAMgoM meM prathama hai| ise AcArAMga sUtra kA upAMga mAnA jAtA hai| AcArya abhayadeva sUri dvArA racita aupapAtika vRtti meM etadviSayaka ullekha kiyA gayA hai| AcArAMga meM varNita 'maiM kauna hU~, kahA~ se AyA hU~' kA vizleSaNa aupapAtika meM kiyA jAnA isakA pramANa mAnA gayA hai| aupapAtika kA nAmakaraNa AcArya abhayadeva ke anusAra upapAta meM deva evaM nArakiyoM ke janma tathA siddhigamana ke varNana se prastuta Agama kA nAma aupapAtika hai| (aupapAtika abhayadevavRtti) aupapAtika kA saMkSipta paricaya- aupapAtika yA uvavAiya zabda upapAta se banA hai| upapAta kA artha 'janma' hai| isa Agama meM deva, nAraka evaM anya jIvoM ke upapAta yA janma kA varNana hone se yaha aupapAtika khlaayaa| prastuta Agama varNanapradhAna zailI meM racita hai| saMbaMdhita varNana vistAra se hue haiM, ata: yaha anya AgamoM ke lie saMdarbha mAnA jAtA hai| bIca meM kucha padya racanA hote hue bhI yaha mukhyata: gadyAtmaka racanA hai| Agama kA AraMbha campAnagarI ke varNana se huA hai| isake bAda pUrNabhadra caitya, vanakhaNDa, zilApaTTa ke zabdacitra yukta sundara varNana isameM upalabdha haiN| Agama ke pUrvArddha meM ukta varNanoM ke anantara tIrthakara bhagavAna mahAvIra kA campA meM padArpaNa, yahIM bhagavAna kI ziSya saMpadA kA lalita citropama varNana, AdhyAtmikatApUrNa vairAgyotpAdakatA, mahAvIra ke jJAnI, dhyAnI, tapasvI, labdhisaMpanna sAdhu saMgha kA varNana, prasaMgopAtta anazanAdi 12 tapoM ke bhedopabhedoM kA suvistRta kathana, mahArAjA kuNika kI darzanArtha jAne kI taiyArI, mahArAniyoM kI darzanArtha prasthAna kI taiyArI, prabhu ke samavasaraNa meM devoM kA Agamana, deva Rddhi kA citraNa, janasamudAya kA citraNa atyanta manorama zailI va sAhityika zailI meM nirUpita hai| Agama ke uttarArddha meM gaNadhara gautama kI vibhinna devoM Adi ke upapAta (janma) saMbaMdhI jijJAsAe~ aura unakA samAdhAna, isI prasaMga meM tatkAlIna parivrAjakoM kI aneka

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aupapAtika sUtra 247 paraMparAoM kA varNana, ambar3a saMnyAsI kA vistRta varNana, samudghAta evaM siddhAvasthA kA citraNa upalabdha hai| isa vistRta varNana meM tatkAlIna samAja, rAjya vyavasthA, zilpa evaM kalAkauzala kI jAnakArI zodhArthiyoM ke lie mahattvapUrNa hai| Agamika viSaya-vastu kA vizleSaNa campAnagarI- prastuta Agama kA AraMbha naMpAnagarI ke suramya, citropatra varNana se huA hai, jahAM bAda meM tIrthaMkara prabhu mahAvIra kA padArpaNa huaa| campA ke varNanAntargata nagarI ke vaibhava, samRddhi evaM surakSA ke ullekha ke sAtha nAgarika jIvana, lahalahAtI khetI, pazu-pakSI, Amoda-pramoda ke sAdhana, bAga-bagIce, kue~, tAlAba - bAvar3iyA~, choTe-choTe bAMdhoM se sampannaM vaha nagarI naMdana vana tulya pratIta hotI thii| U~cI vistRta gaharI khAI se yukta parakoTe, sudRr3ha dvAra, bhavanoM kI sundara kalAtmaka kArIgarI, caur3e tirAheMcaurAhe, nagara dvAra, toraNa, hATa bAjAra, kamaloM se yukta jalAzaya, zilpa evaM vAstukalA ke sundara namUnoM se bharI pUrI thI vaha nagarI / vastutaH vaha nagarI prekSaNIya abhirUpa yA manojJa aura pratirUpa arthAt mana meM basa jAne yogya thI / pUrNabhadra caitya yA yakSAyatana - jahAM bhagavAna mahAvIra virAje, vaha pUrNabhadra caitya prAcIna evaM prasiddha thA / vaha chatra, dhvaja, ghaMTA, patAkA yukta jhaMDiyoM se susajjita thaa| vahAM romamaya picchiyAM saphAI hetu thIM / gobara nirmita vedikAeM thI aura caMdana carcita maMgala ghaTa rakhe the| caMdana kalazoM aura toraNoM se dvAra susajjita the| una para laMbI puSpamAlAeM laTaka rahI thI / agara kundurUka lobAna kI gamagamAtI mahaka se surabhita thaa| hAsya-vinoda kA sthAna nartakoM, kalAbAjoM, pahalavAnoM Adi kI upasthiti se prakaTa thA / laukika dRSTi se pUjA sthala thA vaha / 1 vanakhaNDa - vanakhaNDa anekavidha vRkSoM se paripUrNa hare-bhare patra, puSpa, phUlaphaloM se yukta saghana evaM ramaNIya thA / pakSiyoM ke kalarava se guMjAyamAna thA / vanakhaNDa kI pAdAvalI meM azoka vRkSa viziSTa thaa| aneka rathoM, yAnoM, DoliyoM evaM pAlakhiyoM ko ThaharAne hetu paryApta sthAna thA / vanakhaNDa meM kadambAdi aneka vRkSoM se ghirA latAkuMja sabhI RtuoM meM khilane vAle phUloM se suramya thA / zilApaTTa - siMhAsanakRti thA / citrAMkita sundara kalA kArIgarI se yukta thA / campAnareza kUNika, rAjamahiSiyAM evaM darabAra - bhagavAna mahAvIra ke yahA~ padhArane evaM virAjane ke kAraNa campAnareza kUNika evaM unake darabAra kA varNana bhI kiyA gayA hai| rAjA kUNika himavAna parvata sadRza prajApAlaka, karuNAzIla, nyAyI, sammAnita, pUjita evaM rAjalakSaNoM se yukta thA / indra samAna aizvaryavAna, pitRtulya evaM parAkramI thaa| usakA bhavya prAsAda, vizAla

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248 jinavANI- jainAgama-sAhitya vizeSAGka sainya varNanIya thA / rAjamahiSiyA~ bhI sadAcArI, pativratA evaM lAvaNyamayI thii| kUNika ke darabAra meM vibhinna adhikArI, maMtrI Adi the| unameM gaNanAyaka (janasamUhoM ke netA ), tantrapAla yA ucca ArakSI adhikArI, mAMDalika rAjA, mAMDalika / bhUsvAmI, mahAmaMtrI, amAtya, seTha, senApati Adi the| dUta, sandhipAla (sImArakSaka ), sArthavAha, videzoM meM vyApArarata vyavasAyI Adi se usakA darabAra suzobhita thA / bhagavAna mahAvIra kA padArpaNa- campAnagarI meM zramaNa bhagavAna mahAvIra kA padArpaNa huaa| yahAM zAstrakAra ne tIrthaMkara bhagavAna mahAvIra kI zarIra sampadA kA atyaMta bhAvapUrNa varNana kiyA hai| varNana ke prAraMbha meM 'namutthuNaM' ke pATha meM varNita 'AigarANaM' se 'saMyaMsaMbuddhANaM' taka ke vizeSaNoM, AdhyAtmika vizeSatAoM kA varNana kiyA gayA hai jo pAThaka ke mana meM adhyAtmabhAvoM kA jvAra sA ubhArane meM sakSama hai| tadanantara tIrthaMkara mahAvIra kI zarIra sampadA kA sarvAMga varNana komalapadAvalI meM citropatra zailI meM kiyA gayA hai| prabhu ke aMga-pratyaMgoM ke varNana ke sAtha tIrthakara ke zubha lakSaNoM tathA usake vItarAga svarUpa kA marmasparzI varNana zabdacitroM meM prastuta kiyA gayA hai| sAdhu saMgha aura sthavira samudAya se parivRtta bhagavAna mahAvIra pUrNabhadra caitya meM avagraha lekara Thahare aura saMyama-tapa meM AtmA ko bhAvita karate hue virAje / yahIM zAstrakAra ne prabhu kI sevA meM rahe hue antevAsI aNagAroM kA bhI varNana kiyA hai, jo hRdaya meM vairAgyabhAva kI hiloreM paidA karatA hai| aneka aNagAra svAdhyAya meM, zeSa dhyAna tathA dharmakathA Adi meM nirata the / aneka tapasvI the jo ratnAvalI, kanakAvalI tapa tathA zramaNa pratimAoM kI sAdhanA meM salaMgna the| ve jJAnI, tapasvI evaM labdhisampanna the / samiti gupti ke dhAraka, guptendriya, gupta brahmacArI aneka guNoM ke dhAraka, havana kI gaI agni ke samAna tejasvI aura jAjvalyamAna the, dIptimAna the, sAtha hI sthaviroM ke varNana meM batAyA ki ve sarvajJa nahIM, parantu sarvajJa samAna the| ina guNasaMpanna aNagAroM kI guNazAlA se zAstra ko sajAyA gayA hai| prasthAna bhagavAna ke darzanArtha mahArAja kUNika va rAniyoM kI taiyArI evaM niyukta karmacAriyoM se prabhu mahAvIra ke Agamana kI sUcanA pAkara mahArAja kUNika evaM rAjarAniyoM ne taiyArI kii| snAna, majjana karake vastrAbhUSaNa dhAraNa kie| caturaMgiNI senA, senAnAyakoM, maMtriyoM Adi karmacAriyoM ko taiyArI evaM prasthAna kA Adeza huaa| sabhI yogya vezabhUSA meM upasthita hue| hAthI, ghor3e, ratha evaM paidala caturaMgiNI senA taiyAra thI / ATha maMgala zrI vatsa, jalakalaza, chatra- caMvara, vijaya patAkA Adi kI vistRta sajjA ke sAtha prasthAna kA citramaya varNana prastuta kiyA gayA hai| devadeviyoM kA evaM janasamudAya kA Agamana darzana vandana - asurakumAroM

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aupapAtika sUtra Adi ke suvistRta varNana meM devoM ke sundara zarIra, vastra, AbhUSaNa, aMgopAMga rUpa sajjA kA ullekha huA hai| AlaMkArikatApUrNa citropama kAvyamayI zailI meM kiyA gayA varNana manohArI banA hai / yaha prastutIkaraNa devoM kI Rddhi samRddhi ko darzAne vAlA tathA unake cihnoM ko batAne vAlA hai| anya bhavanapati, vANavyaMtara, jyotiSI evaM vaimAnika devoM kA varNana yathAtathya kiyA gayA hai| janasamudAya bhagavAna ke kalyANakArI darzana, vandana, zaMkA samAdhAna kA svarNa avasara pAkara AhlAdita thA / aneka rAjA, rAjakumAra, ArakSaka-adhikArI, subhaToM, sainikoM, mAMDalika, talavara, kauTumbika, zreSThI, sArthavAha, tattva nirNaya, saMyama grahaNa zrAvaka dharma svIkAra karane kI utkRSTa bhAvanAoM se bharakara hAthI, ghor3e, pAlakI Adi vAhanoM para prasthita hue| mahArAja kUNika, janasamudAya, deva sabhI na ati dUra na ati nikaTa bhagavAna kI sevA meM prastuta hokara paryupAsanA karane lge| suvistRta manohArI varNana kyoM ? sahaja hI prazna khar3A hotA hai ki lokottara zAstra meM, AptavANI rUpa Agama meM aisA kalAtmaka bhautika vastu jagat kA varNana kyoM kiyA gayA ? zAstrakAra batAte haiM ki vastujagata kA varNana yathAtathya rUpa meM prastuta karanA nirdoSa hai| (dazavaikAlika a.7) bhagavAna jahAM padhAre, una sthAnoM kA darzanArthI rAjAdi kA yathAtathya varNana paricaya kI dRSTi se doSayukta nahIM mAnA gyaa| sAtha hI rAjA-mahArAjA, deva-deviyoM kI itanI Rddhi-samRddhi bhI tyAgiyoM ke caraNoM meM jhukatI hai, yaha dikhAnA bhI zAstrakAra kA abhISTa rahA hogA / arthAt AdhyAtmika vaibhava ke caraNoM meM bhautika vaibhava kA jhukanA bhautikatA kI nissAratA ko siddha karatA hai| isake sAtha hI tyAgI tapasvI muni zmazAna, khaMDahara Adi meM bhI Thaharate haiM, unake lie bhavana aura vana samAna hai, ve samatA ke sAdhaka bhautikatA se prabhAvita nahIM hote, yaha pratipAdana bhI sUtra kA lakSya rahA hai| isake atirikta kisI vizeSa prasaMga se bAhara nikalate hue rAjA mahArAjA, deva-deviyoM aura janasamudAya kI samAroha pUrvaka prasthAna kI paripATI bhI rahI hai| anazanAdi tapoM kA varNana- bhagavAna mahAvIra ke dIrghatapasvI jIvana evaM unake aMtevAsI aNagAroM kI kaThora tapArAdhanA ke prasaMga meM anazanAdi 12 tapoM ke bhedoM kA varNana isa Agama kI vizeSatA hai| yahAM kucha tapoM ke viSaya meM saMketa karanA vAMchanIya hogaa| anazana tapa- isa tapa ke do pramukha bheda batAe gae - itvarika aura yaavtkthik| itvarika tapa maryAdita kAla ke lie cautthabhatta se cha: mAsI tapa paryanta hotA hai evaM yAvatkathika meM jIvanabhara ke lie AhAra tyAga hotA hai| yAvatkathika meM pAdapogamana saMthArA evaM bhaktapAna pratyAkhyAna hotA hai|

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250 jinavANI- jainAgama sAhitya vizeSAGaka pAdapopagamana ke bhI vyAghAtima aura nirvyAghAtima bheda haiN| isI prakAra bhaktapratyAkhyAna ke vyAghAtima, nirvyAghAtima bheda batAe haiN| vyAghAtima kA artha vyAghAta jaise hiMsaka pazu yA dAvAnala Adi upadrava kI upasthiti meM AjIvana AhAra tyAga / nirvyAghAtima meM upadrava na hone para mRtyukAla samIpa jAnakara AjIvana AhAra tyaag| avamodArikA ke do bheda- dravyAvamodarikA, bhAvaavamodarikA / dravyAvamodarikA meM upakaraNa evaM bhakta pAna kI maryAdA hotI hai| bhakta pAna meM 8 grAsa, 12, 16, 24, 30 evaM 32 grAsa kI maryAdA se AhAra lenA hotA hai / bhAva avamodArikA aneka prakAra kI hai, yathA- krodhAdi kaSAyoM kI alpatA yA abhAva kA abhyAsa / bhikSAcaryA-abhigraha sahita dravya, kSetra, kAla evaM bhAva kI apekSA isake 30 bhedoM kA ullekha kiyA gayA hai| isI prakAra kAyakleza meM aneka bhedoM kA ullekha prApta hotA hai- eka hI prakAra se baiThe yA khar3e rahanA / mAsikAdi pratimA svIkAranA, kaThora Asana meM rahanA tathA thUka Ane para na thUkanA, khujalI Ane para bhI nahIM khujAlanA, deha ko kapar3e Adi se nahIM DhaMkanA parantu yaha saba samabhAva se karma - nirjarA yA Atma-zuddhi ke lie kiyA jAtA hai| AbhyaMtara tapoM meM vinaya ke jJAna, darzana, cAritrAdi ke bhedopabhedoM se kula 45 bhedoM kA ullekha milatA hai| dhyAna - Arta aura raudra dhyAna ke 4 prakAra evaM 4 lakSaNoM ke bhedoM ke sAtha dharmadhyAna evaM zukladhyAna ke 4 bheda, 4 lakSaNa, 4 Alambana evaM 4 anuprekSAoM ke krama se pratyeka ke 4-4 bheda batAe gae hai / pAThaka inakA vistRta adhyayana isa Agama se kara sakate haiN| tIrthaMkara bhagavAna mahAvIra dvArA dharmadezanA - 34 atizaya yukta tathA 35 vANI ke guNoM sahita prabhu mahAvIra ne upasthita deva - deviyoM, jana samudAya evaM rAjA kUNika Adi kI virAT pariSad ko syAdvAda zailI meM dharmadezanA dii| prabhu ne AgAra, aNagAra do prakAra ke dharma batAe / lokAloka ke astitva kathana ke sAtha jIvAdi 9 tattvoM kA kathana kiyaa| bhagavAna ne batAyA ki aThAraha pApa tyAgane yogya haiN| sukRta suphaladAyI evaM dRSkRtya duHkhadAyI hote haiN| karmajanita AvaraNa ke kSINa hone se svasthatA evaM zAMti prApta hotI hai| prabhu ne 4 gatiyoM ke baMdha ke kAraNa bhI batAe / nirgrantha-pravacana granthibheda karane vAlA, anuttara, advitIya, saMzuddha evaM nirdoSa hai tathA sarvaduHkhoM kA vinAzaka hai| isa mArga ke sAdhaka maharddhika deva yA mukti ke adhikArI banate haiN| bhagavAna mahAvIra se AgAra aNagAra do prakAra ke dharma ko sunakara

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251 aupapAtika sUtra upasthita janasamudAya meM se aneka ne zramaNa dharma aura zrAvaka dharma svIkAra kiyaa| indrabhUti gautama kI jijJAsA- Agama ke isa uttarArdha meM indrabhUti gaNadhara gautama kI jijJAsAoM kA ullekha hai, jinakA samAdhAna prabhu mahAvIra ne kiyA / gaNadhara gautama kI jijJAsAe~ jIvoM ke upapAta (janma) ke viSaya meM huI haiN| inakA vistRta ullekha sUtra 62 se Agama kI samApti paryanta huA hai| yahAM unakA saMketa mAtra hI kiyA jA sakatA hai| upapAta meM ekAnta bAla, klezita, bhadrajana pariklezita nArIvarga, dvidravyAdi sevI manuSyoM ke upapAta ke varNana meM prabhu ne unake AgAmI janma, kAla maryAdA tathA ArAdhakavirAdhakapana ke viSaya meM samAdhAna kiyA hai| isake atirikti upapAta meM vAnaprasthoM, pravrajita zramaNoM, parivrAjakoM, pratyanIkoM, AjIvikoM, saMjJI paMcendriya tiryaMcayoni jIvoM, nihnavoM, alpAMrabhI Adi manuSyoM, anAraMbhI zramaNoM, sarvakAmAdi viratoM ke upapAta saMbaMdhI jijJAsAoM kA sundara samAdhAna bhI yahAM prApta hotA hai / pAtra, AcArAMga sUtra ke 'maiM kauna kahAM se AyA, kahAM jAnA' ke mUla viSaya kI vistRta vyAkhyA ke rUpa meM upapapAta kA yaha vistRta ullekha 'uvavAiya' Agama ko AcArAMga kA upAMga pramANita karane kI dRSTi se ullekhanIya hai| parivrAjaka paramparAe~- upapAta viSaya ke ullekha ke antargata parivrAjaka varga kI vibhinna paramparAoM kA ullekha zodhArthiyoM ke lie atIva mahattvapUrNa hai| sAMkhya, kApilaM, bhArgava (bhRguRSi) evaM kRSNa parivrAjakoM kA ullekha huA hai| isake sAtha hI ATha brAhmaNa evaM ATha kSatriya parivrAjakoM kA ullekha prApta hotA hai| ina parivrAjakoM ke AcAra, vicAra, caryA, veza, zuci, vihAra Adi kA varNana kiyA gayA hai| yaha varNana 76 sUtra se 88 taka upalabdha hai / vAnaprastha paramparAe~- prastuta Agama ke sUtra 74 meM vibhinna vAnaprastha paramparAoM kA ullekha milatA hai| gaMgAtaTa para nivAsa karane vAle ina vAnaprasthoM kI mUla pahicAna inake nAmoM se batAI gaI hai jaise hotRka - agni meM havana karane vAle aadi| inakI eka lambI sUcI yahAM dI gaI hai / indrabhUti gautama gaNadhara kI jijJAsA ke samAdhAna svarUpa prabhu mahAvIra ne inake upapAta AyuSya tathA ArAdhaka - anArAdhaka hone ke viSaya meM kathana kiyA hai| ambar3a parivrAjaka evaM usake 700 aMtevAsI - ambar3a kI zrAvaka-dharma kI sAdhanA, usakI avadhi, vaikriya evaM vIryalabdhiyAM tathA usakI priyadharmitA evaM arihaMta vItarAga deva ke prati dRr3hatA kA varNana prApta hotA hai| yahAM aMbar3a ke uttaravartI bhava bhI batAe haiN|

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1252 jinavANI- jainAgama-sAhitya vizeSAGakA isI aMbar3a ke 700 aMtevAsI kisa prakAra adatta na lene ke apane vrata kI sAdhanA meM saMthArApUrvaka paMDita maraNa ko prApta hote haiM, yaha ullekha milatA hai| samudghAta evaM siddhAvasthA-- upapAta ke sAtha kevalI samudghAta kA vistRta varNana tathA samudghAta kA svarUpa varNana karake zAstrakAra dvArA siddha avasthA kA svarUpa batAyA gayA hai| isameM siddhoM kI avagAhanA, saMhanana, saMsthAna, tathA unake parivAsa kA ullekha prApta hotA hai| prastuta Agama kI katipaya vizeSatAe~ * AptavANI hone se Agama jJAna ke prakAzastaMbha hote haiN| ve ajJAna aMdhakAra meM bhaTakate mAnava ko jJAna kA prakAza pradAna kara kalyANa patha para agrasara karate haiN| uvavAiya sUtra nagarI ke varNana, vanakhaMDa ke varNana Adi kI dRSTi se anya AgamoM ke lie saMdarbha grantha mAnA gayA hai| ise Agama kI maulika vizeSatA mAnA gayA hai| nagara nirmANa, nagara surakSA evaM vyavasthA, janajIvana, kalA, zilpa(vAstu) evaM rAjyavyavasthA kI paryApta sAmagrI isa Agama meM upalabdha hai| isa dRSTi se yaha zodhArthiyoM ke lie atIva mahattvapUrNa hai| vAnaprastha evaM parivrAjaka paramparAoM ke ullekha isa Agama meM vistAra se kie gae haiN| ye inakI AcAra-vicAra caryA para paryApta prakAza DAlate haiN| sUtra sUyagaDAMga ke samaya adhikAra meM dArzanika dRSTi se vibhinna dArzanika paramparAoM kA varNana hai, jo saiddhAMtikatA para prakAza DAlate haiN| vAnaprastha evaM parivrAjaka paramparAoM kA adhyayana zodhakartAoM ke lie mahattvapUrNa varNanapradhAna evaM zabdacitra zailI meM racita yaha Agama sAhityika racanA kA. udAharaNa hai| isake praNetA caturdazapUrvI sthavira ne siddhAntAnusAra varNanapradhAna sthaloM evaM kriyAkalApoM kA yathAtathya varNana prastuta kiyA hai| zramaNa jIvana evaM sthavira jIvana ke vistRta varNana ke sAtha tapa-sAdhanA kA vistArapUrvaka ullekha isakI apanI vizeSatA hai| ___ aMtata: yaha Agama jJAna, darzana, cAritra evaM tapa ke sAdhakoM ke lie paThanIya, mananIya evaM AcaraNIya hai| -35, ahiMsApurI, udayapura (rAja.)

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rAjapraznIya sUtra zrI sundaralAla jaina dvitIya upAMga rAjapraznIya sUtra kaI dRSTiyoM se mahattvapUrNa Agama hai| isameM saMgItakalA, nATyakalA, vAstukalA kI rocaka jAnakArI to prApta hotI hI hai, kintu mUlata: isameM zarIra se bhinna Atmatattva kI saMvAda-zailI meM rocaka DhaMga se siddhi kI gaI hai| Agama ke pUrvArddha meM sUryAbha deva dvArA bhagavAna mahAvIra ke darzana karane ke sAtha deva Rddhi, nATyavidhi Adi kA alaukika pradarzana hai, vahA~ isake uttarArddha meM sUryAbha deva ke pUrvabhavavartI jIva- rAjA pradezI kI pArvApatya kezIkumAra zramaNa se AdhyAtmika/ dArzanika carcA hai, jo rAjA pradezI ke jIvana ko parivartita karane meM nimitta bnii| prastuta Alekha meM saMskRta vyAkhyAtA zrI sundaralAla jI jaina ne isa carcA ko saMvAda ke rUpa meM prastuta kiyA hai, jo Atma-tattva ke astitva kI siddhi meM yuktiyoM se yukta hai| -sampAdaka __Apta vacana ko Agama kahate haiN| sthAnakavAsI jaina paramparA meM 32 Agama mAnya haiN| inameM AcArAMga Adi gyAraha aMga sUtra, aupapAtika Adi bAraha upAMga sUtra, dazAzruta Adi cAra cheda sUtra, uttarAdhyayana Adi cAra mUla sUtra evaM Avazyaka sUtra kI parigaNanA kI jAtI hai| jisa prakAra vaidika sAhitya meM pratyeka veda se saMbaddha brAhmaNa Adi graMtha hote haiM, usI prakAra AcArAMga Adi gyAraha aMgoM se saMbaddha upAMga hote haiN| rAjapraznIya sUtra dUsare aMgasUtra sutrakRtAMga se saMbaddha upAMga sUtra hai| rAjapraznIya sUtra kathA pradhAna Agama hai| isa Agama meM praznottara ke mAdhyama se 'tat jIva tat zarIra vAda' kA khaNDana kara "jIva bhinna hai, zarIra bhinna hai" isa bheda jJAna kA maNDana upalabdha hone se yaha eka dArzanika Agama hai| isa Agama meM rAjA pradezI dvArA kezI kumAra zramaNa se pUche gaye rocaka praznoM evaM unake samAdhAna kA samAveza hone se isa sUtra kA nAmakaraNa rAjapraznIya sUtra kiyA gayA hai| viSaya vastu ke AdhAra para prastuta Agama ko do bhAgoM meM vibhakta kiyA jA sakatA hai| isake pUrvArddha meM prathama devaloka ke sUryAbha nAmaka deva kI devaRddhi, usakA bhagavAna mahAvIra ke darzanArtha amalakappA nagarI meM padArpaNa, bhagavAna kI paryupAsanA kara deva mAyA se vibhinna nATya vidhiyoM evaM bhagavAna mahAvIra kI jIvana jhAMkI kA pradarzana sammilita hai, to isake uttarArddha meM kezIkumAra zramaNa dvArA citta sArathi ko upadeza dekara zramaNopAsaka banAnA tathA usakI vinati para zvetAmbikA nagarI padhArakara adharmI rAjA pradezI ke sAtha jIva ke astitva, nAstitva para carcA kara use zramaNopAsaka banAne kI ghaTanA varNita hai| rAjA pradezI kA jIva hI marakara prathama saudharma kalpa meM sUryAbha nAmaka deva rUpa meM utpanna huaa|

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254 jinavANI- jainAgama-sAhitya vizeSAGka kathA kA sAra avasarpiNI kAla ke caturtha Are meM AmalakappA nAmaka nagarI thI je ki pazcima videha meM zvetAmbikA nagarI ke samIpa thii| usa nagarI ke uttara pUrva dik koNa meM AmrazAlavana caitya thA / usa nagarI meM rAjA seya (zveta) rAjya karatA thA, jisakI dhAriNI nAmaka paTarAnI thii| usa AmalakappA nagarI meM apanI ziSya sampadA sahita zramaNa bhagavAna mahAvIra kA padArpaNa huA, pariSad vandanA karane nikalI, rAjA seya ne bhI aneka kauTumbika puruSoM ke sahita sampUrNa rAjakIya vaibhava ke sAtha bhagavAna ke darzana evaM vandana ke lie AmrazAlavana caitya kI ora prasthAna kiyA, vahA~ bhagavAna mahAvIra ke samavazaraNa ke na ati dUra evaM na ati samIpa rAjaci kA parityAga kara pA~ca abhigamapUrvaka bhagavAna mahAvIra ke sammukha Akara tIna bAra pradakSiNA kara vaMdana namaskAra kiyaa| jaba bhagavAna mahAvIra AmalakappA nagarI meM virAjamAna the usa samaya prathama saudharma nAmaka devaloka ke sUryAbha vimAna kI sudharmA sabhA meM sUryAbha siMhAsana para divya vaibhava ke sAtha baiThe hue sUryAbha nAmaka deva ne apane vipula avadhijJAna se jambUdvIpa kA nirIkSaNa karate hue AmalakappA nagarI ke AmrazAlavana caitya meM bhagavAna mahAvIra ko apane ziSya samudAya sahita virAjita dekhA to vaha atyaMta harSita huA, siMhAsana se uThA, uttarAsaMga karake vinayapUrvaka sAta - ATha kadama calA, phira bAyAM ghuTanA U~cA kara vinaya Asana se baiThakara namotthuNaM ke pATha se bhagavAna mahAvIra kI stuti kii| taba usa sUryAbha deva ke mana meM bhagavAna mahAvIra ke darzana karane kA zubha saMkalpa utpanna huaa| usa sUryAbha deva ne apane Abhiyogika devoM ko bulAkara kahA ki tuma AmalakappA nagarI meM jAkara bhagavAna mahAvIra ke cAroM ora eka yojana trijyA ke kSetra ko deva ramaNa yogya banAkara mujhe sUcita karo / yaha kArya sampanna hone ke pazcAt sUryAbha deva ne abhiyogika devo ko vimAna nirmANa kA Adeza diyaa| divya vimAna kI racanA ke samAcAra pAkara sUryAbha deva ne divya uttara vaikriya rUpa kI vikurvaNA kI aura apane parivAra sahita cAra agramahiSiyoM evaM gaMdharva tathA nATya ina do anIkoM ko sAtha lekara usa divya yAna. vimAna para pUrva kI ora mukha karake ArUr3ha huaa| tatpazcAt cAra hajAra sAmAnika deva evaM anya deva - deviyAM apane liye nizcita sthAna para vimAna meM baittheN| usa vimAna para ArUDha vaha sUryAbha deva saudharma kalpa ke niryANa mArga se nikalakara eka lAkha yojana pramANa vAlI divya devagati se nIce utarakara nandIzvara dvIpa meM ratikara parvata para AyA / vahA~ Akara usa divya deva Rddhi ko dhIre-dhIre saMkucita kara jambUdvIpa ke bharata kSetra kI AmalakappA nagarI ke AmrazAlavana caitya meM, jahA~ zramaNa bhagavAna mahAvIra svAmI virAjamAna the

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rAjapraznIya sUtra 255 vahA~ AyA aura bhagavAna kI tIna bAra AdakSiNA- pradakSiNA kara vaMdana namaskAra kiyaa| taba bhagavAna mahAvIra ne kahA- he sUryAbha deva ! yaha jIta paramparAgata vyavahAra hai| yaha kRtya hai| bhagavAna mahAvIra ne upasthita pariSad ko dharma dezanA dI, pariSad punaH lauTa gii| taba sUryAbha deva ne bhagavAna mahAvIra ke sammukha jijJAsA prastuta kI aura pUchA ki -- bhagavan! maiM sUryAbhadeva bhavya hU~ yA abhavya, samyagdRSTi hU~ yA mithyAdRSTi, paritta saMsArI hU~ yA aparita saMsArI, ArAdhaka hU~ athavA virAdhaka, carama zarIrI hU~ yA acaramazarIrI ? taba bhagavAna mahAvIra ne kahAhe sUryAbha! tuma bhavya, samyagdRSTi, parittasaMsArI, ArAdhaka evaM caramazarIrI ho / tadanantara usa sUryAbha deva ne bhagavAna mahAvIra ke samakSa apanI divya zakti se aneka prakAra kI nATya vidhiyoM kA ati sundara pradarzana kiyA evaM sAtha hI bhagavAna mahAvIra ke jIvana prasaMgoM kA bhI sundara abhinaya kiyaa| sUryAbha deva dvArA pradarzita nATya vidhiyoM ko dekhakara gautama svAmI ke mana meM sUryAbha deva ke viSaya meM jijJAsA utpanna huI, unhoMne bhagavAna mahAvIra se nivedana kiyA he bhadanta ! isa sUryAbha deva ne divya deva Rddhi, divya devadyuti aura divya deva prabhAva kaise prApta kiyA? yaha sUryAbhadeva pUrvabhava meM kauna thA ? taba bhagavAna mahAvIra ne gautama kI jijJAsA ko zAnta karate hue use saMbodhita kara kahA he gautama! avasarpiNI kAla ke caturtha Are meM kezI svAmI ke vicarane ke samaya isa jambUdvIpa ke kekaya-arddha nAmaka janapada meM seyaviyA (zvetAmbikA) nAma kI nagarI thI, usa nagarI kA rAjA pradezI thA / rAjA pradezI adhArmika rAjA thA, vaha sadaiva mAro, chedana karo, bhedana karo, isa prakAra kI AjJA kA pravartaka thaa| usake hAtha sadaiva rakta se sane rahate the aura vaha sAkSAt pApa kA avatAra thA / usa rAjA pradezI kI sUryakAntA nAma kI rAnI tathA usa sUryakAntA rAnI kA Atmaja sUryakAnta nAmaka rAjakumAra thaa| vaha sUryakAnta kumAra yuvarAja thA, vaha pradezI ke zAsana kI dekhabhAla svayaM karatA thaa| usa pradezI rAjA kA umra meM bar3A bhAI evaM mitra jaisA citta nAmaka sArathI thA / vaha citta sArathI kuzala rAjanItijJa, rAjya prabaMdhana meM kuzala tathA buddhimAna thA / eka samaya rAjA pradezI ne citta sArathI ko kuNAla janapada kI rAjadhAnI zrAvastI nagarI bhejA, kyoMki zrAvastI nagarI kA rAjA jitazatru rAjA pradezI ke adhIna thaa| citta sArathI rAjA kI AjJA prApta kara vipula upahAroM sahita zrAvastI nagarI phuNcaa| vaha jitazatru rAjA se bheMTa kara vahA~ kI zAsana vyavasthA evaM

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256 jinavANI- jainAgama-sAhitya vizeSAGka rAjavyavahAra ko dekhA aura anubhava kiyA / citta sArathI ke zrAvastI nagarI meM pahu~cane para vahA~ cAra jJAna ke dhAraka, caudaha pUrvo ke jJAtA pArvApatya kezIkumAra nAmaka zramaNa pA~ca sau aNagAroM ke sAtha grAmAnugrAma vicaraNa karate hue zrAvastI nagarI ke bAhara koSThaka nAmaka caitya meM sthAna kI yAcanA kara avagraha grahaNa kara saMyama va tapa se AtmA ko bhAvita karate hue vicarane lage / pariSad dharma kathA zravaNa karane ko nikalI, karNAkarNI cittasArathI ko bhI jJAna huA ki koSThaka caitya meM parama pratApI kezIkumAra nAmaka zramaNa kA padArpaNa huA hai| taba citta sArathI atyanta harSita huA evaM kezIkumAra zramaNa ke darzanArtha niklaa| vahA~ pahu~cakara kezIkumAra svAmI ko vaMdana namaskAra kara dharmopadeza sunane kI icchA se vinayapUrvaka unakI paryupAsanA kI / tatpazcAt kezIkumAra zramaNa ne citta sArathI sahita upasthita pariSad ko cAturyAma dharma kA upadeza diyA / citta sArathI kezI kumAra zramaNa ke dharmopadeza ko sunakara atyanta harSita huA aura usane kezI kumAra zramaNa se zrAvaka dharma svIkAra kiyaa| kucha dinoM taka zrAvastI nagarI meM rahakara kezI svAmI ke caraNoM meM citta sArathI ne seyaviyA nagarI meM padhArane hetu vinatI kI, ati anunayabharI vinatI ko kezI zramaNa ne svIkAra kiyA / citta sArathI harSita hotA huA seyaviyA nagarI pahu~cA tathA zraddhApUrvaka zrAvaka dharma kA pAlana karane lgaa| kisI samaya kezIkumAra zramaNa zrAvastI nagarI se vihAra kara seyaviyA nagarI meM pdhaare| kezI kumAra zramaNa ke seyaviyA nagarI meM padhArane para pariSad vaMdana karane nikalI, citta sArathI bhI vaMdanA karane pahu~cA / vahA~ pahu~cakara kezI kumAra zramaNa ko vaMdana namaskAra kara paryupAsanA karane lgaa| dharmopadeza sunane ke pazcAt citta sArathI ne kezI zramaNa se nivedana kiyA "he bhadanta ! hamArA pradezI rAjA adhArmika evaM pApAcAra meM lipta hai, vaha apane janapada kA pAlana va rakSaNa nahIM karatA hai, ataH Apa rAjA pradezI ko dharma upadeza dekara usakA kalyANa kreN|" kezI kumAra zramaNa ne kahA - " rAjA pradezI jaba zramaNa mAhaNa ke sammukha hI upasthita nahIM hotA hai to he citta ! maiM rAjA pradezI ko kaise upadeza de skuuNgaa|" kezI svAmI ke kathana ko sunane bAda citta sArathI ne dUsare dina yuktipUrvaka rAjA pradezI ko kezIkumAra zramaNa kI sevA meM upasthita kiyaa| keza kumAra zramaNa ko dUra se dekhakara rAjA pradezI ne citta se kahA"ajJAnI hI ajJAnI kI upAsanA karate haiM, parantu yaha kauna puruSa hai jo jar3a, muMDa, mUDha, apaMDita aura ajJAnI hote hue bhI zrI hrIM se sampanna hai, zArIrika kAnti se suzobhita hai?" taba citta sArathI ne rAjA pradezI se kahA he svAmin! ye pAvapatya kezI nAmaka kumAra zramaNa hai jo cAra jJAna

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rAjapraztIya sUtra 257 sampanna haiN| taba rAjA pradezI citta sArathI sahita kezI kumAra zramaNa ke samIpa pahu~cA / kezIkumAra zramaNa evaM rAjA pradezI ke bIca 'tat jIva tat zarIravAda' ko lekara jo rocaka saMvAda huA usakA sAra isa prakAra hai rAjA- kyA Apa jIva aura zarIra ko alaga mAnate haiM? tuma mere cora ho / munirAjA - muni rAjA - muni cauMkakara kyA maiM cora hU~? maiMne kabhI kisI kI corI nahIM kI hai| kyA tuma apane rAjya meM cuMgI na cukAne vAle ko cora nahIM mAnate ho ? munirAja ! yahA~ baiThUM ? yaha pRthvI tumhAre adhikAra meM hai / ( isa vicitra evaM prabhAvazAlI uttara ko sunakara rAjA ko pUrNa vizvAsa ho gayA ki munirAja asAdhAraNa haiM, merI zaMkA kA samAdhAna avazya hogA) rAjA kyA Apa jIva aura zarIra ko alaga-alaga mAnate haiM? muni- hA~ ! mRtyu ke pazcAt zarIra meM rahane vAlA jIva anyatra jAkara dUsare zarIra ko dhAraNa karake pahale ke puNya pApa kA phala bhogatA hai| rAjA - mere dAdA bahuta pApI the| Apake kathanAnusAra ve naraka meM gaye hoMge aura vahA~ duHkha bhogate hoNge| ve yahA~ Akara mujhase kahate ki- beTA ! pApa na kara, pApa karegA to merI taraha naraka meM du:kha bhogegA, to maiM mAnU~ ki jIva va zarIra bhinna hai / muni- tuma apanI sUryakAntA rAnI ke sAtha kisI pApI manuSya ko vyabhicAra karate dekho to kyA karoge? rAjA - muni - ( catura rAjA ne tatkAla muni ke abhiprAya ko samajhakara yathocita vaMdanA kI aura kahA) usI samaya aura usI jagaha usakI jAna le lU~? kadAcit vaha puruSa hAtha jor3akara prArthanA kare ki rAjan ! mujhe thor3I dera ke lie chuTTI diijie| maiM abhI apane lar3ake ko batAkara AtA hU~ ki vaha vyabhicAra karegA to merI taraha mArA jAyegA / to kyA Apa usa pApI ko thor3I dera ke lie chor3a doge ? rAjA- aisA kauna mUrkha hogA jo aparAdhI ke kahane kA bharosA kara le| muni- jaba tuma eka pApa karane vAle ko, apanI hI rAjya sImA ke bhItara, jAkara Ane kI thor3I sI dera kI chuTTI nahIM de sakate, to aneka pApa karane vAle tumhAre dAdA ko itanI dUra Ane kI chuTTI kaise mila sakatI hai ? rAjA- ThIka hai, kintu merI dAdI dharmI thI, unheM avazya svarga milA hogA, vaha yaha batAne kyoM nahIM AtI ki dharma kA phala uttama hotA hai|

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258 muni rAjA muni - to tumhArI dAdI svarga ke anupama sukhoM meM magna hai| durgandha yukta munaSya loka jisakI durgandha 900 yojana taka asara karatI hai. me kaise praveza karegI ? rAjA ThIka hai| maiM dUsarA prazna pUchatA huuN| eka bAra maiMne eka aparAdhI ke lohe kI koThI meM baMda kara diyaa| koThI cAroM ora se baMda thI thor3I dera bAda koThI kholakara dekhI to aparAdhI kI mRtyu ho cuka thii| magara usake zarIra se maiMne jIva ko nikalatA nahIM dekhaa| aga jIva alaga hai to vaha koThI se kaise nikala gayA? muni- kisI guphA kA daravAjA majabUtI se baMda karake koI AdamI jo se Dhola bajAve to Dhola kI AvAja bAhara AtI hai yA nahIM ? AtI hai| jinavANI- jainAgama-sAhitya vizeSAGka agara koI harijana tumheM apanI durgaMdhamaya jhopar3I meM bulAnA cAhe to kyA tuma jAnA pasanda karoge ? ApakA yaha prazna bar3A vicitra hai| maiM rAjA hokara apavitra durgaMdhamaya jhopar3I meM kaise paira rakha sakatA hU~ / rAjA muni- isI prakAra deha rUpI guphA meM se jIva nikala jAtA hai, para vaha dRSTigocara nahIM hotA / parama jJAnI mahAtmA hI apane divya jJAna se use jAna-dekha sakate haiN| (jIva arUpI hone se indriyagrAhya nahIM hai) rAjA- maiMne eka cora ko prANarahita karake eka koThI meM baMda karavA diyA koThI acchI taraha baMda thii| bahuta dinoM bAda koThI ko ughAr3aka dekhA to usa puruSa ke zarIra meM asaMkhya kRmi vyApta the| baMda korTa muni kRmi kaise ghuse ? jisa prakAra lohe ke Thosa gole ko Aga meM tapAyA jAya to usameM cAroM ora jisa prakAra agni praveza karatI hai, usI prakAra baMda koThI meM cora ke zarIra meM jIva praveza kara kITa rUpa meM utpanna hue rAjA - jIva sadA eka sarIkhA rahatA hai yA choTA-bar3A, kama-jyAdA hota hai ? muni muni- jIvAtmA svayaM sadaiva eka sA rahatA hai 1 rAjA rAjA aisA hai to javAna AdamI ke hAtha se eka sAtha pA~ca bANa chU sakate haiM, usI prakAra vRddha AdamI ke hAtha se pA~ca bANa kyoM naha chUTa sakate haiM? yuvA vyakti bhI navIna dhanuSa se pA~ca bANa chor3ane meM samartha hai lekina use purAnA dhanuSa deM to vaha pA~ca bANa chor3ane meM asama hogaa| vaise hI yuvA evaM vRddha AdamI ke saMbaMdha meM jAnanA caahie| yuvA Adi jitanA bhAra uThA sakatA hai, utanA vRddha vyakti kyaM nahIM uThA sakatA hai I

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rAjapraznIya sUtra ma 259 muni- navIna chIMkA jitanA vajana saha sakatA hai utanA purAnA nhiiN| yahI bAta javAna aura bUr3he ke bojha uThAne ke saMbaMdha meM samajhanA caahie| rAjA- maiMne eka jIvita cora ko tulavAyA, phira usake gale meM phAMsI lagAkara usake mara jAne para tulavAyA, lekina usakA vajana pahale jitanA hI thaa| yadi jIva aura zarIra bhinna-bhinna haiM to jIva ke nikalane para vajana ghaTanA thaa| muni- camar3e kI mazaka meM pahale havA bhara kara taulA jAya tathA phira havA nikAlakara tolA jAya, donoM bAra taula barAbara hotA hai| yahI bAta jIva ke saMbaMdha meM samajhanA caahie| rAjA- maiMne eka cora ke Tukar3e-Tukar3e karake dekhA to kahIM bhI jIva dikhAI nahIM diyaa| phira zarIra meM jIva kahA~ rahatA hai? / muni- rAjan ! tuma usa lakar3ahAre ke samAna mAlUma hote ho jo araNi kI lakar3I meM Aga khojane ke lie usa araNi kI lakar3I ke Tukar3e-Tukar3e kara detA hai, lekina kahIM bhI Aga nahIM dikhAI detI hai, vaha nahIM jAnatA ki jaba usa araNi kI do lakar3iyoM ko paraspara ragar3A jAtA hai to Aga prakaTa hotI hai| rAjA- munirAja merI samajha meM kucha nahIM AtA hai| koI pratyakSa udAharaNa dekara samajhAie ki zarIra bhinna hai, jIva bhinna hai| muni- ThIka, sAmane khar3e vRkSa ke patte kisakI preraNA se hila rahe haiM? rAjA- havA se| muni- vaha havA kitanI bar3I hai va usakA raMga kaisA hai? rAjA- havA dikhAI nahIM detI hai ata: Apake prazna kA uttara kaise diyA jA sakatA hai? muni- jaba havA dikhAI nahIM detI to kaise jAnA ki havA hai? rAjA- pattoM ke hilane se| muni- to usI prakAra zarIra ke hilane Dulane Adi kriyAoM se jIva kA astitva siddha hotA hai| rAjA- munirAja! Apa kahate haiM ki saba jIva sarIkhe haiM to cIMTI choTI aura hAthI bar3A kaise ho sakatA hai? muni- jaise kisI dIpaka ko kaTore se Dhaka diyA jAtA hai to vaha kaTore jitanI jagaha meM prakAza karegA aura jaba usI dIpaka ko mahala meM rakha diyA jAya to mahala ke kSetra ko prakAzita karegA, usI prakAra jIva choTe yA bar3e jisa kisI zarIra meM rahatA hai vaisA hI AkAra prApta kara letA hai| rAjA- munivara! ApakA kathana satya hai lekina maiM vaMzAnukrama se cale A rahe apane Agraha ko kaise chor3a duuN|

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- 12603 jinavANI- jainAgama-sAhitya vizeSAGaka muni- yadi tuma nahIM chor3a sakate to tumhArI dazA bhI usa loha vaNik jaisI hogI jisane sarvaprathama prApta hone vAlI lohe kI khAna se lohe kI gAMTha bAMdha lI tathA Age kramaza: tAMbA, cAMdI, sonA tathA ratnoM kI khAnoM ke prApta hone para bhI usane mitroM kA kahanA nahIM mAnakara lohe kI gAMTha kA parityAga nahIM kiyaa| usake mitra pUrva. pUrva vastu kA tyAga kara anta meM prApta ratnoM kI gAMTha bAMdhakara sukhI hue aura vaha loha vaNik loha kA bhAra Dhokara atyanta duHkhI huaa| ata: tuma bhI kadAgraha rakhakara apane bApa-dAdA kA dharma nahIM chor3oge to du:khI hooge| muni kezIkumAra zramaNa kA kathana sunakara rAjA pradezI ne jaina dharma aMgIkAra kiyaa| usane apane dhana ke cAra vibhAga kara eka bhAga dAna ke lie rakha diyA aura bele-bele kI tapasyA karate hue dharmArAdhana meM rata rahane lgaa| kezI kumAra zramaNa vahA~ se vihAra kara anyatra cale gye| rAnI sUryakAMtA ne kAma bhoga se vimukha jAnakara rAjA pradezI ko mArane kA SaDyaMtra racA aura usa preya mArga kI pathikA rAnI saryakAntA ne apane pati pradezI rAjA ko terahaveM bele ke pAraNe ke samaya viSa khilA diyaa| viSa diye jAne kI bAta vidita ho jAne para bhI rAjA ne samabhAva nahIM tyaagaa| samAdhi bhAva meM zarIra kA tyAga kara rAjA pradezI kA vaha jIva hI pahale devaloka ke sUryAbha vimAna meM devarUpa meM utpanna huA hai| vahA~ se cyavakara vaha mahAvideha kSetra meM manuSya hogA aura saMyama dhAraNa kara mokSa prApta kregaa| isa prakAra "jIva bhinna hai, zarIra bhinna hai'' isa dArzanika mAnyatA kA maNDana karane vAlA yaha graMtha satsaMgati ke mahattva ko pratipAdita karatA hai| sUtrakRtAMga nAmaka dArzanika aMgasUtra se saMbaddha yaha kathApradhAna Agama apanI dArzanikatA ke lie vizeSa prasiddha hai| pArzvanAtha kI paramparA ke kezIkumAra zramaNa tathA adharmI rAjA pradezI ke madhya jIva ke astitva evaM nAstitva para huA rocaka saMvAda isa Agama kA prANa hai| kezI kumAra jaise zreSTha munirAja kA sAnnidhya pAkara rAjA pradezI ne apane jIvana kA uddhAra kara liyaa| sUryAbhadeva ke rUpa meM prathama devaloka meM divya sukhoM kA upabhoga karane vAlA vaha pradezI kA jIva mahAvideha kSetra meM mAnava bhava prApta kara jIvana ke antima lakSya mokSa ko prApta kregaa| -vyAkhyAtA saMskRta sI-121, punarvAsa kaoNlonI, po. sAgavAr3A, jilA- DUMgarapura (rAja.)

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jIvAjIvAbhigama sUtra zrI prakAza sAlecA jIvAjIvAbhigama meM jIva evaM ajIva ke saMbaMdha meM vivecana huA hai| isakI nau pratipattiyoM meM jIva viSayaka vivecana hI mukhya hai, ajIva kI carcA nyUna hai| jIva ke vibhinna prakAroM kA vivecana karane ke sAtha isameM jambUdvIpa, vimAna, parvata Adi khagola- bhagola viSayaka jAnakArI kA bhI samAveza hai| jIvajagat ke vizeSa adhyayana ke lie yaha sUtra vizeSa upayogI hai| saMskRta (jainadarzana) meM ema. e. evaM variSTha svAdhyAyI zrI prakAza jI sAlecA ne jIvAjIvAbhigama sUtra kA saMkSepa meM paricaya diyA hai| -sampAdaka jIvAjIvAbhigama sUtra meM ajIva tattva kA saMkSepa meM tathA jIva tattva kA vistAra se varNana kiyA gayA hai| jIva evaM ajIva tattva kA varNana karane ke kAraNa isa sUtra kA nAma jIvAjIvAbhigama hai, jIvatattva ke varNana kI mukhyatA hone se isakA apara nAma jIvAbhigama bhI hai| isake adhyayana se jIva evaM ajIva tattva kI sampUrNa jAnakArI ho sakatI hai| bhagavAna mahAvIra ne spaSTa kiyA ki jo jIva va ajIva tattva ko nahIM jAnatA vaha mokSamArga ko kaise samajha sakegA / sAdhaka ko sarvaprathama jIva va ajIva tattva kA jJAna karanA Avazyaka mAnA gayA hai| isI ko jaina darzana meM bheda - vijJAna kA nAma diyA gayA hai| jIva evaM ajIva kI bhinnatA kA bodha prApta kiye binA jIva kA mokSa saMbhava nahIM hai / isa dRSTikoNa se sAdhaka ke liye jIvAjIvAbhigama sUtra kA adhyayana karanA Avazyaka evaM mahattvapUrNa hai| vartamAna caubIsI ke aMtima tIrthaMkara prabhu mahAvIra evaM indrabhUti gautama ke bIca praznottara ke rUpa meM jIva ajIva ke bheda-prabhedoM para vizada carcA huii| usI carcA ko AcAryoM ne jIvAjIvAbhigama nAmaka sUtra meM pratiSThApita kiyA hai / jIvAjIvAbhigama sUtra kI viSaya vastu prastuta Agama meM nau pratipattiyA~ ( prakaraNa) haiN| prathama pratipatti meM jIvAbhigama aura ajIvAbhigama kA vivecana kiyA gayA hai| abhigama kA zAbdika artha pariccheda athavA jJAna hai| jaina darzana meM nau tattva mAnya haiM- jIva, ajIva, puNya, pApa, Asrava, bandha, saMvara, nirjarA aura mokss| inameM do tattva mukhya mAnya haiM-- jIva va ajIva / zeSa sAta tattva ina donoM tattvoM ke sammilana va viyoga kI pariNati mAtra haiN| isI kAraNa prabhu mahAvIra ne sAdhaka evaM zrAvaka ko navatattva kI sampUrNa jAnakArI karane kI AjJA pradAna kI hai| navatattva kA jJAtA hI sAdhanA ke kSetra meM apane caraNa bar3hA sakatA hai| saMsAra ke anya Astika darzanoM ne bhI isa prakAra do mUlabhUta tattvoM ko svIkAra kiyA hai| vedAnta darzana ne ina do tattvoM ko brahma aura mAyA ke rUpa meM svIkAra kiyA hai| sAMkhya darzana ne puruSa

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262 jinavANI- jainAgama-sAhitya vizeSAGaka aura prakRti ke rUpa meM evaM bauddhoM ne vijJAnaghana aura vAsanA ke rUpa meM svIkAra kiyA hai| vaidika darzana ne Atma-tattva va bhautika tattva ke rUpa isI bAta ko mAnyatA pradAna kI hai| ataH isa AdhAra para yaha kahA jA sakatA hai ki Astika darzanoM ke mUla meM bhI AtmavAda ko svIkAra kiyA gayA hai| vizeSakara jaina darzana ne Atma-tattva kA bahuta hI sUkSmatA ke sAtha vistRta vivecana kiyA hai| jaina cintana dhArA kA prArambha hI Atma tattva se hotA hai| aura anta mokSa meM / gyAraha aMgoM meM prathama aMga AcArAMga sUtra kA Arambha bhI Atma-jijJAsA se huA hai| usake Adi vAkya meM hI kahA gayA hai- saMsArastha aneka jIvoM ko yaha jJAna nahIM hotA hai ki unakI AtmA kisa dizA se AI hai aura kahA~ jAyegI, ve yaha bhI nahIM jAnate ki unakI AtmA janmAntara meM saMcaraNa karane vAlI hai yA nahIM, maiM pUrvajanma meM kauna thA aura yahA~ se marakara dUsare janma meM kyA hoU~gA, yaha bhI ve nahIM jAnate haiN| isa prakAra kI Atma jijJAsA se hI dharma aura darzana kA udgama huA hai / ata: jaina darzana dvArA mAnya nava tattvoM meM prathama tattva jIva evaM antima tattva mokSa hai| bIca ke sAta tattvoM kAM nirmANa ina do tattvoM ke vibhAva va sadbhAva meM hotA hai| sukha dene vAlA pudgala samUha puNya tattva hai / duHkha dene vAlA aura jJAnAdi para AvaraNa karane vAlA pApa tattva hai| AtmA kI malina pravRtti Asrava hai| isa malina pravRtti ko rokanA saMvara hai, karma ke AvaraNa kA AMzika kSINa honA nirjarA hai / karmapudgaloM kA AtmA ke sAtha baMdhanA baMdhatattva hai| karma ke AvaraNoM kA sarvathA kSINa ho jAnA mokSa hai| prathama pratipatti tIrthaMkara paramAtmA ke pravacana ke anusAra hI sthavira bhagavantoM ne jIvAbhigama va ajIvAbhigama kI racanA kI hai arthAt prajJApanA kI hai| alpa vivecana hone ke kAraNa pahale ajIvAbhigama kA kathana kiyA gayA hai| ajIvAbhigama do prakAra kA kahA gayA hai- rUpI ajIvAbhigama evaM arUpI ajIvAbhigama / arUpI ajIvAbhigama ke dasa bheda batAye gaye haiN| dharmAstikAya ke skandha, deza, pradeza; adharmAstikAya ke skaMdha, deza, pradeza; AkAzAstikAya ke skandha, deza, pradeza aura dasavA~ kAla / * jaina darzana ke anusAra jIva aura pudgala ko gati karAne meM dharmAstikAya evaM jIva va pudgala ko sthiti pradAna karane meM adharmAstikAya sahAyaka hai| AkAza aura kAla ko anya dArzanikoM ne svIkAra kiyA hai, parantu dharmAstikAya aura adharmAstikAya ko jaina darzana ke sivAya kisI ne bhI nahIM mAnA hai| jaina siddhAnta kI apanI yaha sarvathA maulika avadhAraNA hai| isa avadhAraNA ke pIche pramANa va yukti kA sudRDha AdhAra hai| jainAcAryoM ne pramANoM se siddha kiyA hai ki loka - aloka kI vyavasthA ke lie koI

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jIvAjIvAbhigama sUtra ma nAyA 2631 niyAmaka tattva honA caahie| pudgala va jIva gatizIla hai| ina donoM dravyoM kI gati loka meM hI hotI hai, aloka meM nahIM hotii| yahI kAraNa hai ki saMsAra se mukta jIva loka ke agrabhAga siddhazilA para jAkara rUka jAte haiM, kyoMki Age dharmAstikAya kA kSetra nahIM hai| jIva kI gati meM sahAyaka dharmAstikAya kA kSetra lokapramANa mAnA gayA hai| ata: kahA jA sakatA hai ki yadi dharmAstikAya evaM adharmAstikAya nahIM hote to loka kI vyavasthA chinnabhinna ho jAtI, ata: jaina dArzanikoM ne gati-niyAmaka tatva ke rUpa meM dharmAstikAya ko, sthiti-niyAmaka tattva ke rUpa meM adharmAstikAya kI sattA ko svIkAra kiyA hai| AkAza dravya zeSa sabhI dravyoM ko Azraya detA hai, sthAna pradAna karatA hai, avakAza detA hai| AkAza kI sattA to saba darzanoM ne mAnI hai| yadi AkAza nahIM hotA to jIva va pudgala kahA~ rahate? dharmAstikAya, adharmAstikAya kahA~ vyApta hote? kAla kahA~ vartatA, pudgala kA raMgamaMca kahA~ banatA? kAla aupacArika dravya hai| nizcaya naya kI dRSTi se kAla, jIva aura ajIva kI paryAya hai| vyavahAra naya kI dRSTi se vaha dravya hai, vartanA Adi isake upakAra hone se kAla upakAraka hai ata: vaha dravya hai| padArthoM kI sthiti maryAdA ke liye jisakA vyavahAra hotA hai, use kAla mAnA gayA hai| - isake pazcAt prastuta grantha meM rUpI ajIvAbhigama cAra prakAra kA batAyA gayA hai- skandha, deza, pradeza aura prmaannu| inako saMkSepa meM pA~ca prakAra kA bhI kahA gayA hai- 1. varNa pariNata 2. gandha pariNata 3. rasa pariNata 4. sparza pariNata aura 5. saMsthAna pariNata / yaha rUpI ajIva kA kathana huaa| isake sAtha hI ajIvAbhigama kA kathana bhI pUrNa huaa| jIvAbhigama para vicAra karate hue ziSya prazna karatA hai ki jIvAbhigama kitane prakAra kA hotA hai? prazna ke uttara meM AcArya pharamAte haiMjIvAbhigama do prakAra kA hotA hai 1. saMsAra samApannaka 2. asaMsAra samApannaka / saMsAra samApannaka arthAt saMsAravartI jIvoM kA jJAna aura asaMsAra samApannaka arthAt saMsAramukta jIvoM kA jnyaan| saMsAra kA artha nAraka, tiryaca, manuSya aura deva bhavoM meM bhramaNa karanA hai| jo jIva ukta cAra prakAra ke bhavoM meM bhramaNa kara rahe haiM ve saMsAra samApannaka jIva haiM aura jo jIva isa bhava-bhramaNa se chUTakara mokSa ko prApta ho cuke haiM ve asaMsAra samApannaka jIva haiN| asaMsAra samApannaka jIva do prakAra kahe gaye haiM- 1. anantara siddha 2. parampara siddha / siddhatva ke prathama samaya meM vidyamAna siddha anantara siddha haiM, arthAt unake siddhatva meM samaya kA antara nahIM hai| paramparasiddha ve haiM jinheM

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RASON 1264 jinavANI- jainAgama-sAhitya vizeSAGka siddha hue do tIna yAvat ananta samaya ho cukA hai| anantara siddhoM ke tIrtha, atIrtha Adi 15 prakAra kahe gaye haiM tathA parampara siddha ke bhI aneka prakAra kahe gaye haiN| yathA- 1. prathama samaya siddha, 2. dvitIya samaya siddha 3. tRtIya samaya siddha yAvat asaMkhyAta samaya siddha aura ananta samaya siddh| saMsAravartI jIvoM ke prakAra ke saMbaMdha meM nau pratipattiyA~ batAI gaI hai| pratipatti kA artha hai pratipAdana, kathana / isa saMbaMdha meM nau prakAra ke pratipAdana haiN| jo AcArya saMsAravartI jIvoM ko do prakAra kA kahate haiM ve hI AcArya anya vivakSA se saMsAravartI jIva ke tIna prakAra bhI kahate haiN| anya vivakSA se cAra prakAra bhI kahate haiM, yAvat anya vivakSA se dasa prakAra bhI kahate haiN| vivakSA ke bheda se kathanoM meM bheda hotA hai kintu unameM virodha nahIM hotaa| saMsAra samApannaka jIvoM ke bheda batAne vAlI nau pratipattiyoM meM se prathama pratipatti kA nirUpaNa karate hue isa sUtra meM kahA gayA hai ki saMsAravartI jIva bhI do prakAra ke haiM-- trasa aura sthaavr| dvitIya pratipatti dvitIya pratipatti meM saMsAra-samApannaka jIvoM ke tIna bheda batAye gaye haiM- 1. strI, 2. puruSa 3. npuNsk| tRtIya pratipatti tRtIya pratipatti meM saMsAra-samApannaka jIva cAra prakAra ke kahe gaye haiM- 1. nairayika 2. tiryaca yonika 3. manuSya 4.deva nairayika sAta prakAra ke kahe gaye haiM, yathA- prathama pRthvI nairayika dvitIya pRthvI nairayika, tRtIya pRthvI nairayika, caturtha pRthvI nairayika, paMcama pRthvI nairayika, SaSTha pRthvI nairayika aura saptama pRthvI nairyik| isa pratipatti meM sAta nArakoM evaM unake gotroM kA varNana kiyA gayA hai| nairayika jIvoM unake nivAsa rUpa naraka bhUmiyoM ke nAma, gotra, vistAra Adi kyA aura kitane haiM isa prakAra naraka bhUmiyoM aura nArakoM ke viSaya meM vividha jAnakArI pradAna ke gaI hai| tiryak yonika jIva pA~ca prakAra ke kahe gaye hai- ekendriya tiryaka yonika, dvIndriya tiryakyonika, trIndriya tiryakyonika, caturindriya tiryakyonika, paMcendriya tirykyonik| ekendriya ke pA~ca bheda batAye gaye hai-pRthvIkAya, apkAya, tejaskAya, vAyukAya, vnsptikaay| dvIndriya trIndriya evaM caturindriya ko vikaledriya kahA gayA hai| paMcendriya ke do bheTa kiye gaye haiM-- paryApta evaM apryaapt|

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|jIvAjIvAbhigama sUtra 265 __ paMcendriya tiryak yonika tIna prakAra ke haiM- 1. jalacara 2. sthalacara 3. khecr| parisarpa sthalacara ke do bheda batAye gaye hai- 1. uraparisarpa 2. bhujprisrp| manuSya ke do prakAra kahe gaye haiM-- 1. sammUrchima manuSya 2. garbhavyutkrAntika mnussy| sammUrchima manuSya 14 azuci sthAnoM para paidA hote haiN| garbhaja manuSya tIna prakAra ke kahe gaye hai- 1. karmabhUmika 2. akarmabhUmika aura 3. antrviipj| deva cAra prakAra ke kahe gaye haiM- 1. bhavanavAsI 2.. vANavyantara 3. jyotiSka 4. vaimaanik| caturtha pratipatti - caturtha paripati meM jIva pA~ca prakAra ke kahe gaye haiM- 1. ekendriya 2. dvIndriya 3. trIndriya 4. caturindriya 5. pNcendriy| paMcama pratipatti paMcama pratipatti meM saMsAra samApannaka jIva chaha prakAra ke kahe gaye haiM1. pRthvIkAyika 2. apkAyika 3. tejaskAyika 4. vAyukAyika 5 vanaspatikAyika 6. trasakAyika SaSTha pratipatti SaSTha pratipatti meM saMsAra-samApannaka jIva sAta prakAra ke haiM- 1. nairayika 2. tithaMca 3. tirazcI (tiryak strI) 4. manuSya 5. mAnuSI 6. deva 7. devii| sAni saptama pratipatti saptama pratipatti meM saMsAra-samApannaka jIvoM ke ATha prakAra kahe gaye haiN| unake anusAra ye ATha prakAra isa taraha haiM1. prathama samaya nairayika 2. aprathama samaya nairayika 3. prathama samaya tiryak yonika 4. aprathama samaya tiryakyonika 5. prathama samaya manuSya 6. aprathama samaya manuSya 7. prathama samaya deva 8. aprathama samaya dev| aSTama pratipatti aSTama pratipatti meM saMsAra samApannaka jIvoM ke nau bheda kahe gaye haiM1. pRthvIkAyika 2. apakAyika 3. tejaskAyika 4. vAyukAyika 5. vanaspatikAyika 6. dvIndriya 7. trIndriya 8. caturindriya 9. pNcendriy| navama pratipatti navama pratipatti meM saMsAra-samApanna jIvoM ke dasa prakAra kahe gaye haiM1. prathama samaya ekendriya 2. aprathama samaya ekendriya 3. prathama samaya dvIndriya 4. aprathama samaya dvIndriya 5. prathama samaya trIndriya 6. aprathama samaya trIndriya 7. prathama samaya caturindriya 8. aprathama samaya caturindriya 9. prathama samaya paMcendriya 10. aprathama samaya pNcendriy|

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1266 jinavANI- jainAgama-sAhitya vizeSAGakA jaise saMsAra-samApannaka jIvoM ke viSaya meM nau pratipattiyA~ kahIM gaI haiM vaise hI sarvajIva ke viSaya meM bhI nau pratipattiyA~ kahI gaI haiN| sarvajIva meM saMsArI aura mukta donoM prakAra ke jIvoM kA samAveza hotA hai| ataeva ina nau pratipattiyoM meM saba prakAra ke jIvoM kA samAveza ho jAtA hai| ve nau pratipattiyA~ isa prakAra haiM1. sarvajIva do prakAra ke kahe gaye haiM- 1. siddha 2. asiddha 2. saba jIva tIna prakAra ke kahe gaye haiM- 1. samyagdRSTi 2. mithyAdRSTi 3. samyagmithyA dRsstti| 3. saba jIva cAra prakAra ke kahe gaye haiM-1. manoyogI 2. vacanayogI 3. kAyayogI 4. ayogii| 4. saba jIva pA~ca prakAra ke kahe gaye haiM-1. nairayika 2. tiryaMca 3. manuSya 4. deva 5. siddha 5. saba jIva chaH prakAra ke kahe gaye haiM- 1. audArika zarIrI 2. vaikriya zarIrI 3. AhAraka zarIrI 4. taijasa zarIrI 5. kArmaNa zarIrI 6. ashriirii| 6. saba jIva sAta prakAra ke kahe gaye haiM-1. pRthvIkAyika 2. apkAyika 3. tejaskAyika 4. vAyukAyika 5. vanaspatikAyika 6. trasakAyika 7. akaayik| 7. saba jIva ATha prakAra ke kahe gaye hai- 1. matijJAnI 2. zrutajJAnI 3. avadhijJAnI 4. mana:paryavajJAnI 5. kevalajJAnI 6. mati-ajJAnI 7. zruta ajJAnI 8. vibhNgjnyaanii| 8. saba jIva nau prakAra ke kahe gaye haiM- 1. ekendriya 2. dvIndriya 3. trIndriya 4. caturindriya 5. nairayika 6. tiryaca 7. manuSya 8. deva 9. siddha 9. saba jIva dasa prakAra ke kahe gaye haiM- 1. pRthvIkAyika 2. apkAyika 3. tejaskAyika 4. vAyukAyika 5. vanaspatikAyika 6. dvIndriya 7. trIndriya 8. caturindriya 9. paMcendriya 10. atiindriy| jaina tattva jJAna pradhAnatayA AtmavAdI hai| jIva yA AtmA isakA kendra bindu hai| ataeva yaha kahA jA sakatA hai ki jaina tattva jJAna kA mUla Atmadravya (jIva) hai| usakA Arambha Atma-vicAra se hotA hai tathA mokSa usakI antima pariNati hai| isa jIvAjIvAbhigama sUtra meM usI Atma dravya kI arthAt jIva kI vistAra ke sAtha carcA kI gaI hai| ataeva yaha jIvAbhigama kahA jAtA hai| abhigama kA artha hai jnyaan| jisake dvArA jIva-ajIva kA jJAna vijJAna ho vaha jIvAjIvAbhigama hai| ajIva tattva kA sAmAnya ullekha karane ke bAda sampUrNa paricaya jIva tattva ko lekara diyA gayA hai| uparyukta varNita nau pratipattiyoM ke mAdhyama se yaha batAyA gayA hai ki

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267 jIvAjIvAbhigama sUtra rAga-dveSAdi vibhAva pariNatiyoM se pariNata yaha jIva saMsAra meM kaisI-kaisI avasthAoM kA, kina-kina rUpoM kA, kina-kina yoniyoM meM janma maraNa Adi kA anubhava karatA hai, isa prakAra ke viSayoM kA ullekha ina nau pratipattiyoM meM kiyA gayA hai| isa prakAra yaha sUtra aura isakI viSayavastu jIva ke saMbaMdha meM vistRta jAnakArI detI hai| ataeva isakA jIvAbhigama nAma sArthaka hai| yaha Agama jaina tattvajJAna kA mahattvapUrNa aMga hai| prastuta sUtra kA mUla pramANa 4750 (cAra hajAra sAta sau pacAsa) zloka granthAgra hai / isa para AcArya malayagiri ne 14000 (caudaha hajAra) granthAgra- pramANa vRtti likhakara isa gambhIra Agama ke marma ko prakaTa kiyA hai| vRttikAra ne apane buddhi vaibhava se Agama ke marma ko hama sAdhAraNa logoM ke liye ujAgara kara hameM bahuta upakRta kiyA hai / isa Agama kA adhyayana karane se hameM jIva - ajIva tattva kA jJAna hone se hama AtmA va zarIra kI bhinnatA bodha prApta karate hue apane carama va parama lakSya mokSa ko prApta kara sakate haiM / ata: yaha Agama hamAre liye upayogI hai| 295, prathama 'e' ror3a, saradArapurA, jodhapura

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prajJApanA sUtra : eka paricaya zrI prakAzacanda jaina zyAmAcArya dvArA racita prajJApanAsUtra eka pramukha upAMgasUtra hai| aMgasUtroM meM jo sthAna vyAkhyAprajJapti kA hai vahI sthAna upAMgasUtroM meM prajJApanA sUtra kA hai| vyAkhyAprajJapti ke lie jahA~ bhagavatI nAma pracalita hai, vahA~ prajJApanA ke lie bhagavatI vizeSaNa prayukta huA hai| isake 36 padoM meM dravyAnuyoga kI viSayavastu kA nirUpaNa huA hai, jisakA saMkSepa meM nirUpaNa zrI mahAvIra jaina svAdhyAya vidyApITha, jalagAMva ke prAcArya zrI prakAzacanda jI jaina ne isa Alekha meM kiyA hai| -sampAdaka "atthaM bhAsai arahA, suttaM gaMthaMti gaNaharA niuNaM" arthAt tIrthakara bhagavAna artha rUpa Agama kI prarUpaNA karate haiM aura unhIM ke vyutpannamati suziSya caturdaza pUrvadhara gaNadhara usa artha rUpa Agama vANI ko sUtra rUpa meM gUMthate haiM, jinheM aMgasUtra ke nAma se pukArA jAtA hai| unhIM aMga sUtroM ke AdhAra para viSaya ko vizada karane hetu kama se kama dasa pUrvadhara AcAryoM ke dvArA race gaye sUtra upAMga kahalAte haiN| una upAMgoM meM caturtha upAMga prajJApanA sUtra hai| aMgasUtroM meM jo sthAna bhagavatI sUtra kA hai, upAMga sUtroM meM vahI sthAna prajJApanA kA hai| prajJApanA kA artha hai- jIva-ajIva ke saMbaMdha meM prruupnnaa| isa sUtra kI racanA AcArya zyAma ne kI hai| isakA eka hI adhyayana hai| isake kula 36 pada haiM jinameM jaina siddhAntoM kA vistRta vivecana kiyA gayA hai| isakI racanA praznottara zailI meM huI hai| AcArya malayagiri ise samavAyAMga kA upAMga mAnate haiM jabaki AcArya zyAma ise dRSTivAda kA niSkarSa kahate haiN| bhagavatI meM aneka sthaloM para pannavaNA kI bholAvaNa dI gaI hai| isase prajJApanA kI gahanatA aura vyApakatA spaSTata: parilakSita hotI hai| pa. dalasukha mAlavaNiyA Adi vidvAna digambara paramparA ke Agama SaTkhaNDAgama kI tulanA prajJApanA se karate haiM, kyoMki donoM hI AgamoM kA mUlasrota pUrvajJAna hai| donoM kA viSaya jIva aura karma kA saiddhAntika dRSTi se vizleSaNa karanA hai| donoM meM alpabahutva, avagAhanA, antara Adi aneka viSayoM kA samAna rUpa se pratipAdana kiyA gayA hai| isa sUtra ke 36 padoM kA saMkSipta paricaya isa prakAra hai:1. prathama pada prajJApanA meM prajJApanA ke do bheda- ajIva va jIva prjnyaapnaa| ajIva prajJApanA meM arUpI ajIva aura rUpI ajIva ye do bheda batAe haiN| jIva prajJApanA meM saMsArI aura siddha jIva ke 2 bheda batAkara siddhoM ke 15 prakAra tathA saMsArI jIvoM ke bheda-prabheda batAe haiN| 2. dvitIya sthAnapada meM pRthvI, apa, teja, vAyu, vanaspati, dvIndriya, trIndriya, caturindriya, paMcedriya, nairayika, tiryaMca, bhavanapati, vyantara, jyotiSI, vaimAnika aura siddha jIvoM ke vAsasthAna kA varNana hai| nivAsa sthAna To

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| prajJApanA sUtra : eka paricaya prakAra ke haiM- 1. svasthAna-jahAM jIva janma se mRtyu taka rahatA hai 2. prAsaMgika vAsasthAna (upapAta, samudghAta) 3. tRtIya alpabahutva pada meM dizA, gati, indriya, kAya, yoga, veda, kaSAya, lezyA, samyaktva, jJAna, darzana, saMyata, upayoga, AhAra, bhASaka, parIta, paryApta, sUkSma, saMjJI, bhava, astikAya, carama, jIva, kSetra , bandha, pudgala aura mahAdaNDaka ina 27 dvAroM kI apekSA se jIvoM ke alpabahutva kA vicAra kiyA gayA hai| 4. caturtha sthitipada meM nairayika, bhavanavAsI, pRthvIkAya, apkAya, tejaskAya, vAyukAya, vanaspatikAya, vikalendriya, paMcendriya, manuSya, vyantara, jyotiSI aura vaimAnika jIvoM kI sthiti kA varNana hai| 5. paMcama vizeSapada yA paryAyapada meM caubIsa daNDakoM ke nairayika se vaimAnika taka kI paryAyoM kI vicAraNA kI gaI hai| isake bAda ajIva paryAya ke bheda-prabheda tathA arUpI ajIva va rUpI ajIva ke bheda-prabhedoM kI apekSA se paryAyoM kI saMkhyA kI vicAraNA kI gaI hai| 6. chaThe vyutkrAnti pada meM bAraha muhUrta aura caubIsa muhUrta kA upapAta aura maraNa saMbaMdhI virahakAla kyA hai? kahAM jIva sAntara utpanna hotA hai, kahAM nirantara? eka samaya meM kitane jIva utpanna hote haiM aura marate haiM? kahAM se Akara utpanna hote haiM? marakara kahAM jAte haiM? parabhava kI Ayu kaba baMdhatI haiM? Ayu bandha saMbaMdhI ATha AkarSa kaunase haiM? ina ATha dvAroM se jIva prarUpaNA kI gaI hai| 7. sAtaveM ucchavAsa pada meM nairayika Adi ke ucchvAsa grahaNa karane aura chor3ane ke kAla kA varNana hai| 8. AThaveM saMjJA pada meM jIva kI AhAra, bhaya, maithuna, parigraha, krodha, mAna, mAyA, lobha, loka aura ogha ina dasa saMjJAoM kA 24 daNDakoM kI __ apekSA nirUpaNa kiyA gayA hai| 9. nauveM yoni pada meM jIva kI zIta, uSNa, zItoSNa, sacitta, acitta, mizra, saMvRta, vivRta, saMvRtavivRta, kUrmonnata, zaMkhAvarta, vaMzIpatra ina yoniyoM ke Azraya se samagra jIvoM kA vicAra kiyA gayA hai| 10. dasaveM carama-acarama pada meM carama hai, acarama hai, carama hai (bahuvacana) acarama hai, caramAnta pradeza hai, acaramAnta pradeza hai, ina 6 vikalpoM ko lekara 24 daNDakoM ke jIvoM kA gati Adi kI dRSTi se tathA vibhinna dravyoM kA loka-aloka Adi kI apekSA vicAra kiyA gayA hai| 11. gyArahaveM bhASA pada meM bhASA kisa prakAra utpanna hotI hai? kahAM para rahatI hai? usakI AkRti kisa prakAra kI hai? usakA svarUpa, bolane vAle Adi ke praznoM para vicAra kiyA hai| sAtha hI satya bhASA ke dasa, mRSAbhASA ke dasa, satyAmRSA ke dasa tathA asatyAmRSA ke 16 prakAra

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1270 jinavANI- jainAgama-sAhitya vizeSAGaka batAye haiN| anta meM 16 prakAra ke vacanoM kA ullekha hai| 12. bArahaveM zarIra pada meM pAMca zarIroM kI apekSA caubIsa daNDakoM meM se kitane zarIra haiM? tathA ina sabhI meM buddha, mukta kitane-kitane aura kaunase zarIra hote haiM? Adi kA varNana hai| 13. terahaveM pariNAmapada meM jIva ke gati Adi dasa pariNAmoM aura ajIva ke baMdhana Adi dasa pariNAmoM kA varNana hai| 14. caudahaveM kaSAyapada meM krodhAdi cAra kaSAya, unakI pratiSThA, utpatti, prabheda tathA unake dvArA karmaprakRtiyoM ke cayopacaya evaM bandha kI prarUpaNA kI gaI hai| 15. pandrahaveM indriyapada meM do uddezaka haiN| prathama meM pAMcoM indriyoM ke saMsthAna, bAhalya Adi 24 dvAroM se vicAraNA kI hai| dUsare meM indriyopacaya, indriyanirvartanA, nirvartanAsamaya, indriyalabdhi, indriya-upayoga Adi tathA indriyoM kI avagAhanA, avagraha, IhA, avAya, dhAraNA Adi 12 dvAroM se carcA kI gaI hai| anta meM indriyoM ke bheda-prabheda kI carcA hai| 16. solahaveM prayogapada meM satyamana prayoga Adi 15 prakAra ke prayogoM kA 24 daNDakavartI jIvoM kI apekSA vicAra kiyA gayA hai| anta meM 5 prakAra ke gatiprapAta kA cintana hai| 17. satarahaveM lezyApada meM 6 uddezaka haiN| prathama meM samakarma, samavarNa, samalezyA, samavedanA, samakriyA aura samaAyu kA adhikAra hai| dUsare meM kRSNAdi 6 lezyAoM ke Azraya se jIvoM kA nirUpaNa kiyA hai| tIsare meM lezyA sambandhI praznottara haiN| caturtha meM pariNAma, rasa, varNa, gandha, avagAr3ha, vargaNA, sthAna, alpabahutva Adi kA adhikAra hai| pAMcave meM lezyAoM ke pariNAma haiN| chaThe meM jIvoM kI lezyAoM kA varNana hai| 18. aThArahaveM pada kA nAma kAyasthiti hai| jIva-ajIva donoM apanI apanI - paryAya meM kitane kAla taka rahate haiM, isakA varNana hai| 19. unnIsaveM samyaktva pada meM 24 daNDakavartI jIvoM meM kramaza: samyagdRSTi, mithyAdRSTi va mizradRSTi kA vicAra kiyA hai| 20. bIsaveM antakriyApada meM kaunasA jIva antakriyA kara sakatA hai aura kyoM? kA varNana hai| antakriyA zabda vartamAna bhava kA anta karake navIna bhava prApti ke artha meM bhI huA hai, jisakA 24 daNDaka ke jIvoM ke bAre meM vicAra kiyA gayA hai| karmoM kI antarUpa antakriyA to ekamAtra manuSya hI kara sakate haiM, isakA 6 dvAroM ke mAdhyama se varNana hai| 21. ikkIsaveM avagAhanA saMsthAna pada meM zarIra ke bheda, saMsthAna, pramANa, pudgaloM ke caya, pArasparika saMbaMdha unake dravya, pradeza tathA avagAhanA ke alpabahutva kI prarUpaNA hai| 22. bAvIsaveM kriyApada meM kAyikI Adi 8 kriyAoM kA tathA inake bheToM kI

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| prajJApanA sUtra : eka paricaya apekSA samasta saMsArI jIvoM kA vicAra hai / 23. tebIsaveM karmaprakRti pada meM 2 uddezaka haiN| prathama meM jJAnAvaraNIya Adi 8 karmoM meM se kauna jIva kitanI prakRtiyAM bAMdhatA hai, isakA vicAra hai tathA dUsare meM karmoM kI uttaraprakRtiyoM aura unake bandha kA varNana hai / 24. caubIsaveM karmabaMdha pada meM jJAnAvaraNIya Adi meM se kisa karma ko bAMdhate 271 hue jIva kitanI prakRtiyoM ko bAMdhatA hai ? kA varNana hai| 25. paccIsaveM karmaveda pada meM jJAnAvaraNIyAdi karmoM ko bAMdhate hue jIva kitanI prakRtiyoM kA vedana karatA hai?, isakA vicAra kiyA gayA hai| 26. chabbIsaveM karmavedabandha pada meM jJAnAvaraNIyAdi karmoM kA vedana karate hue jIva kitanI prakRtiyoM ko bAMdhatA hai? yaha batAyA gayA hai| 27. sattAvIsaveM karmavedapada meM jJAnAvaraNIyAdi karmoM kA vedana karate hue jIva kitanI karma prakRtiyoM kA vedana karatA hai? kA varNana hai| 28. aTThAvIsaveM AhArapada meM do uddezaka haiM / prathama meM sacittAhArI AhArArthI kitane kAla taka kisakA AhAra karatA hai? vaha sarvAtma pradezoM se AhAra karatA hai yA amuka bhAga se ? kyA sarvapudgaloM kA AhAra karatA hai ? kisa rUpa meM usakA pariNamana hotA hai? lomAhAra Adi kyA hai? isakA vicAra hai dUsare uddezaka meM AhAra, bhavya, saMjJI, lezyA, dRSTi Adi teraha adhikAra haiN| 29. unatIsaveM upayoga pada meM do upayogoM ke prakAra batAkara kisa jIva meM kitane upayoga pAye jAte haiM ? kA varNana hai / 30. tIsaveM pazyattA pada meM jJAna aura darzana, ye upayoga ke 2 bheda batAkara inake prabhedoM kI apekSA jIvoM kA vicAra kiyA gayA hai| 31. ikatIsaveM saMjJI pada meM saMjJI, asaMjJI, nosaMjJI kI apekSA jIvoM kA vicAra kiyA hai| 32. battIsaveM saMyata pada meM saMyata, asaMyata aura saMyAtAsaMyata kI dRSTi se jIvoM kA vicAra kiyA hai| tIsaveM avadhipada meM viSaya, saMsthAna, abhyantAvadhi, bAhyAvadhi, dezAvadhi, sarvAvadhi, vRddhi-avadhi, pratipAtI aura apratipAtI ina dvAroM se vicAraNA kI gaI hai| 33. 34. cauMtIsaveM pravicAraNA pada meM anantarAgata AhAraka, AhAraviSayaka Abhoga- anAbhoga, AhAra rUpa se gRhIta pudgaloM kI ajJAnatA, adhyavasAyakathana, samyaktvaprApti tathA kAyasparza, rUpa, zabda, mana se saMbaMdhita pravicAraNA (viSayabhoga) evaM unake alpabahutva kA varNana hai / 35. paiMtIsaveM vedanApada meM zIta, uSNa, zItoSNa, dravya, kSetra, kAla, bhAva, zArIrika, mAnasika, zArIrika-mAnasika sAtA, asAtA, sAtA-asAtA, duHkha, sukha, aduHkhasukhA, AbhyupagamikI,

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jinavANI- jainAgama-sAhitya vizeSAGka aupakramikI, nidA evaM anidA nAmaka vedanAoM kI apekSA jIvoM kA vicAra kiyA gayA hai| 36. chattIsaveM samudghAta pada meM meM vedanA, kaSAya, maraNa, vaikriya, taijasa, AhAraka aura kevalI samudghAta kI apekSA jIvoM kI vicAraNA kI gaI hai| isameM kevalI samudghAta kA vistRta varNana hai| 272 - prAcArya, zrI mahAvIra jaina svAdhyAya vidyApITha, jalagAMva 319, bhIkamacanda jaina nagara, primpAlA ror3a, jalagAMva - 425001

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prajJApanA sUtra : eka samIkSA zrI pArasamala saMcetI prajJApanA sUtra ke 36 padoM / prakaraNoM meM jIvAdi padArthoM kA prajJApana / nirUpaNa huA hai| isake lie bhI vyAkhyAprajJapti kI bhAMti 'bhagavatI' vizeSaNa prayukta huA hai| AgamajJa zrI pArasamala jI saMcetI ne prajJApanA sUtra ke kartA, racanAkAla, caturtha upAMgatva, racanA zailI, vyAkhyA-grantha, anya sUtroM meM atideza Adi kI carcA karane ke sAtha prajJApanA sUtra kI viSayavastu kI bhI saMkSipta vivecanA kI hai| lekha vicArapUrNa hai| -sampAdaka naMdI sUtra meM AgamoM ke aMga praviSTa zruta aura aMgabAhya zruta do bheda kiye gae haiN| usameM prajJApanA kI gaNanA aMgabAhya ke utkAlika zruta meM kI gaI hai| zvetAmbara saMpradAya meM mAnya yaha cauthA upAMga sUtra hai| jisa prakAra AgamoM meM AcArAMga ke lie 'bhagavAna' evaM vyAkhyAprajJapti ke liye 'bhagavatI' vizeSaNa upalabdha hai usI prakAra prajJApanA ke liye bhI bhagavatI vizeSaNa upalabdha hotA hai| vaha isakI mahattA kA sUcaka hai| yaha sUtra vividha zruta ratnoM kA khajAnA hai va dRSTivAda kA niSyanda(niSkarSa) hai| kahA hai 'ajjhayaNamiNa cittaM suyarayaNa diThivAyaNIsaMda" prajJApanA kA artha 'pra' yAnI viziSTa prakAra se 'jJApana' yAnI nirUpaNa krnaa| yathAvasthita rUpa se jIvAdi padArthoM kA jJAna karAne vAlI hone se yaha 'prajJApanA' hai| 'yathAvasthitaM jIvAdipadArthajJApanAt prajJApanA' yaha artha AcArya maladhArI hemacandra ne kiyA hai| prajJApanA kA artha karate hue AcArya malayagiri likhate haiM- 'prakarSeNa ni:zeSakutIrthitIrthakarAsAdhyena yathAvasthitanirUpaNalakSaNena jJApyante ziSyabuddhAvAropyante jIvAjIvAdaya: anayeti prjnyaapnaa|" arthAt jisake dvArA ziSyoM ko jIva-ajIva Adi tattvoM ke yathAvasthita svarUpa kA nirUpaNa kiyA jAya, jo viziSTa nirUpaNa kutIrthika praNetAoM ke liye asAdhya hai, vaha prajJApanA hai| isa sUtra meM jIvAdi padArthoM ke bhedoM ke rahane ke sthAna Adi kA vyavasthita krama se, vistAra se viziSTa varNana hone se isakA prajJApanA nAma sArthaka hai| isa sUtra ke prathama pada kA nAma bhI prajJApanA hai| racanA AdhAra, kartA va samaya prajJApanA kartA ne Arambha kI gAthAoM meM ise dRSTivAda kA niSyaMda kahA hai- 'ajjhayaNamiNa cittaM suyarayaNaM ditthivaaynniisNdN| jaha vaNNiya bhagavayA ahamavi taha vaNNaissAmi / / ' isase prajJApanA kI racanA kA AdhAra aneka pUrva rahe hoM aisA mAlUma par3atA hai| isake kartA ke viSaya meM AryazyAma (kAlaka) kA nAma nirvivAda rUpa

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1 274 R ASHTRA jinavANI- jainAgama-sAhitya vizeSAGka se mAnya hai| aisA ullekha sUtra ke prArambha meM nirdiSTa maMgala ke bAda kI do gAthAoM meM bhI hai jinako vyAkhyAkAra AcArya haribhadra va AcArya malayagiri ne anya kartRka kahA hai| unameM prajJApanAkartA Arya zyAma ko pUrva zruta se samRddha bhI batAyA hai| vartamAna meM upalabdha itihAsa meM tIna kAlakAcArya prasiddha haiN| prathama jo nigoda vyAkhyAtA ke rUpa meM prasiddha haiM tathA vIra nirvANa 376 meM kAladharma ko prApta hue| dUsare gardabhillochedaka kAlakAcArya jinakA samaya vIra nirvANa 453 ke AsapAsa kA hai| tIsare vIra nirvANa 993 meM hue haiN| inameM se tIsare kAlakAcArya to prajJApanA ke kartA ho hI nahIM sakate, kyoMki vIra nirvANa 993 taka to prajJApanA kI racanA ho cukI thii| bAkI do kAlakAcAryoM ko kucha Adhunika vidvAna eka hI honA mAnate haiN| do mAnane para prathama kAlakAcArya ko prajJApanA kartA mAnane kI ora adhikAMza Adhunika vidvAnoM kA jhukAva hai| prAcIna graMthapaTTAvaliyoM meM bhI prajJApanA kartA ke rUpa meM inakA hI ullekha milatA hai| jaise-'AdyaH prajJApanAkRta indrasya agre nigodavicAravaktA zyAmAcAryAparanAmA (kharataragacchIya paTTAvalI) ina kAlakAcArya kA janma vIra nirvANa saMvat 280, dIkSA vIra saM. 300, yugapradhAna padavI vIra saM. 335, mRtyu vIra saM. 376 meM hone kA ullekha milatA hai| isase prajJApanA racanA kAla vIra saM. 335 se 376 ke bIca kahIM ThaharatA hai| ina kAlakAcArya kA naMdI sthavirAvalI meM vAcaka vaMza paramparA ke terahaveM sthavira Arya zyAma ke rUpa meM ullekha hai| kintu prajJApanA sUtra kI prAraMbha kI do prakSipta gAthAeM", jo unake ziSya praziSyoM dvArA kRta saMbhava lagatI hai jinakA ullekha vyAkhyAkAra AcArya haribhadra ne bhI kiyA hai unameM Arya zyAma ko vAcakavaMza ke teIsaveM dhIra puruSa kahA hai (vAyagavaravasAo tevIsaimeNaM dhiirpurisennN)| isakA samAdhAna isa prakAra se kiyA jAtA hai ki vAcaka vaMza paramparA ke terahaveM pATa para naMdI sthavirAvalI meM Arya zyAma hai unameM se Arya sudharmA ko kama karane para 12 rhe| vAcaka vaMza pramukha 11 hI gaNadhara bhagavaMta tathA unake bAda unake pATa para hone vAle bArahaveM vAcaka vaMza pramukha Arya zyAma vAcakavaMza paramparA meM teIsaveM dhIra puruSa ho jAte hai| aisA samAdhAna 'vicArazreNi' meM bhI diyA gayA hai athavA lipi pramAda se 'tessameNaM' kI jagaha 'tevIsaimeNaM' zabda ho gayA ho yaha bhI saMbhava lagatA hai| __ sthAnakavAsI paramparA ne unako hI Agama rUpa se mAnya kiyA hai jo lagabhaga dazapUrvI yA unake Upara vAloM kI racanA ho| naMdIsUtra meM bhI sthavirAvalI jo ki devarddhigaNikSamAzramaNa (devavAcaka) dvArA kRta hai ko

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apan | prajJApanA sUtra : eka samIkSA chor3akara anya prAya: sabhI pATha prAcIna naMdI ke mAnya hone se hI usako Agama kI koTi meM rakhA gayA hai| isIliye sthavirAvalI ko par3hane meM asvAdhyAya kAla kA varjana nahIM kiyA jAtA hai bAkI sUtra ko par3hane ke liye asvAdhyAya kAla kA varjana kiyA jAtA rahA hai| naMdIsUtra meM varNita aMgabAhya kAlika va utkAlika sUtroM meM jo krama diyA gayA hai usakA AdhAra unakA racanA kAla krama rahA hai, vizeSa bAdhaka pramANa ke abhAva meM aisA mAna liyA jAya to aisA kahA jA sakatA hai ki prajJApanA sUtra kI racanA dazavaikAlika, aupapAtika, rAjapraznIya tathA jIvAbhigama sUtra ke bAda va naMdI, anuyogadvAra ke pUrva huI hai| anuyogadvAra sUtra ke karttA AryarakSita the| unake pUrva kA Arya sthUlibhadra taka kA kAla 10 pUrvadharoM kA kAla rahA hai| yaha bAta itihAsa se siddha hai tathA Arya zyAma isake madhya hone vAle vAcaka vaMza meM yugapradhAna hai| yaha nizcita ho jAtA hai ki prajJApanA 10 pUrvadhara Arya zyAma kI racanA hai| ata: tInoM hI zvetAmbara sampradAyoM meM yaha Agama rUpa se mAnya hai| kyA prajJApanA cauthA upAMga sUtra hai vyAkhyA-sAhitya meM prajJApanA sUtra ko cauthe aMga samavAyAMga sUtra kA upAMga batAyA gayA hai| sthAnAMga, rAjapraznIya, naMdI, anuyogadvAra meM zruta ke do bheda aMga praviSTa aura aMgabAhya (anaMga praviSTa) kiye haiN| samavAyAMga, uttarAdhyayana va naMdI sUtra meM aMgabAhya ke 'prakIrNaka' bheda ko bhI batAyA hai|' AgamoM meM sirpha eka jagaha niriyAvalikA paMcaka meM aMgabAhya ke artha meM upAMga zabda bhI prayukta huA hai| AcArya umAsvAti ne bhI tattvArthabhASya meM aMgabAhya ke sAmAnya artha meM upAMga zabda kA prayoga kiyA hai| jisa prakAra veda-vedAMgoM ke upAMga sUtra kisI veda yA vedAMga vizeSa se saMbaMdhita nahIM hokara unake pUraka yA sahAyaka vyAkhyA graMtha rahe haiM, usI prakAra aMga sUtroM ke sahAyaka pUraka yA aMgAMzoM ko aMgabAhya yA upAMga sUtra bhI kahA jAtA rahA hai| dhIre-dhIre aMga bAhyoM ko vizeSa aMgoM se saMbaMdhita kiyA jAne lagA aura vizeSa aMgoM ke saMbaMdha meM upAMga saMjJA kahI jAne lgii| Arambha meM nirayAvalikA sUtra meM 'upAMga' zabda aMgabAhya ke sAmAnya artha meM AyA hai kyoMki aisA koI saMketa nahIM milatA hai ki unakA nirmANa vizeSa aMgoM ke upAMga rUpa meM kiyA gayA ho| prajJApanA kI haribhadrIya pradeza vRtti meM bhI prajJApanA ke samavAyAMga sUtra ke upAMga hone kA koI ullekha nahIM milatA hai| kiMtu navAMgI TIkAkAra abhayadeva sUri ke samaya taka sUryaprajJapti ko pAMcaveM aMga bhagavatI ke va jambUdvIpa prajJapti ko chaThe aMga jJAtAdharma kathA ke upAMga kI saMjJA prApta ho gayI thI, parantu candraprajJapti sUtra prakIrNaka hI rhaa| aisA ullekha unakI sthAnAMga kI cauthe sthAna kI TIkA meM hai| isake bAda hone vAle

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| 276 jinavANI- jainAgama-sAhitya vizeSAGaka AcArya zrIcandra ke samaya candra prajJapti sUtra sAtaveM aMga ke upAMga sthAna ko prApta kara cukA thA, lekina nirayAvalikA Adi pAMca sUtra nizcita rUpa se upAMga saMjJA ko prApta nahIM hue the| yadyapi upAsakadazA se candraprajJapti kA evaM pIche ke pAMca aMgoM se niriyAvalikA Adi sUtroM kA viSaya-saMbaMdha koI spaSTa nahIM hotA hai| AcArya jinaprabha jinhoMne I.1306 meM vidhimArgaprapA graMtha kI racanA kI thii| usameM spaSTa rUpa se 12 aMgoM ke sAtha 12 upAMgoM kA jisa aMga kA jo upAMga hai nirdeza kiyA hai evaM AgamoM kA aMga, upAMga, mUla aura cheda rUpa meM vibhAjana sarvaprathama isa graMtha meM upalabdha hotA hai| isa taraha jo sUtra AraMbha meM tathA aMga sUtroM ke madhya paDhAye jAte the unako chor3akara zeSa upalabdha Agama dhIre-dhIre una-una kAraNoM se (AgamoM ko zruta puruSa kI vyAkhyA se samajhAnA Adi) una-una aMgoM se saMbaMdhita hote hue spaSTa upAMga saMjJA ko prApta ho gye| zramaNa jIvana meM mUla sahAyaka hone se va AraMbha meM paDhAye jAne vAle Agama mUla saMjJA ko, aMgoM ke madhya paDhAye jAne vAle prAyazcitta Adi ke vidhAyaka hone se cheda saMjJA ko, bAkI Agama upAMga saMjJA ko prApta kara vyavasthita ho gye| isa taraha prajJApanA sUtra cauthe upAMga sUtra rUpa meM vyavasthita huaa| TIkAkAra AcArya malayagiri ne bhI apanI prajJApanA TIkA meM ise cauthe aMga kA upAMga kahA hai| cauthe aMga se isakA saMbaMdha isa prakAra se kahA jA sakatA hai ki zvAsocchvAsa, saMjJA, kaSAya, indriya, yoga, kriyA, karma, upayoga samudghAta Adi ke viSaya meM jahAM samavAyAMga sUtra meM saMkSepa meM varNana hai, prajJApanA meM unakA vistAra se varNana hai| prathama pada prajJApanA, vyutkrAMti, avagAhanA, saMsthAna, lezyA, AhAra, avadhi, vedanA pada kA samavAyAMga meM 'jAva' Adi zabdoM se saMkSepa huA hai| unakA prajJApanA meM pUrA khulA pATha diyA gayA hai| bhagavatI sUtra meM to lagabhaga pUre prajJApanA sUtra kA samAveza ho jAtA hai| vaha prajJApanA se nikaTa saMbaMdha rakhatA hai| racanA zailI prajJApanA sUtra upAMgoM meM sabase bar3A sUtra hai| yaha samagra graMtha 7887 zloka pramANa hai| yaha 36 prakaraNoM meM vibhakta hai jinako ki pada kahA gayA hai| samagra graMtha kI racanA praznottara rUpa meM hai| yaha Agama mukhyatayA gadyAtmaka hai, kucha bhAga padya meM bhI hai| isameM AyI huI gAthAoM kA parimANa 272 hai| prathama pada meM kAphI gAthAeM haiN| padoM ke Arambha meM viSaya yA dvAra sUcaka aura kahIM 'madhya meM to kahIM upasaMhAra sUcaka gAthAeM AyI huI haiN| viSayoM kA vistAra se varNana hai| prAya: padoM meM 24 daNDakoM meM jIvoM ko vibhAjita kara viSaya nirUpaNa kiyA gayA hai| sUtra kI bhASA arddhamAgadhI hai jisa para mahArASTrI prAkRta kA asara huA hai, aisA Adhunika vidvAna mAnate haiN|

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prajJApanA sUtra : eka samIkSA 277 prajJApanA sUtra ke vyAkhyA graMtha prajJApanA sUtra kI aneka prAcIna tAr3apatrIya tathA kAgaja para likhI hastalikhita pratiyAM upalabdha hotI haiN| zrI zAMtinAtha tAr3apatrIya jaina bhaNDAra khaMbhAta tathA jaisalamera ke jinabhadrasUri jJAna bhaNDAra meM vikrama kI 14vIM sadI kI tAr3apatrIya pratiyAM upalabdha hotI haiM tathA vikrama kI solahavIM sadI kI kAgaja para likhI pratiyAM bhI milatI haiN| samaya-samaya para AcAryoM ne prajJApanA para aneka vyAkhyAeM bhI likhI haiM, jo sUtra ko sugama banA detI haiN| unameM se nimna vyAkhyAeM Ajakala upalabdha hotI haiM -- 1. prajJApanA pradeza vyAkhyA- isake karttA bhavaviraha haribhadrasUri (samaya I.saM. 700 se 770) hai| prajJApanA ke amuka aMzoM kA isameM anuyoga hai| 2. prajJApanA tRtIya pada saMgrahaNI tathA usakI avacUrNi- AcArya abhayadeva (saM.1120) ne tIsare alpabahutva pada saMgrahaNI kI racanA kI hai tathA isa para likhI eka avacUrNi bhI upalabdha hotI hai| isake kartA kulamaMDana sUri ne saMvat 1441 meM isakI racanA kI hai| 3. vivRti (TIkA)-AcArya malayagiri ne saMskRta bhASA meM prajJApanA para vistRta vyAkhyA likhI hai| lekhanakAla saM. 1188 se 1260 ke bIca kA hai| sampUrNa prajJApanA sUtra ko samajhane meM pramukha AdhArabhUta yaha TIkA hai| 4. zrI municandrasUri (svargavAsa saM. 1178) kRta vanaspati vicAra-- 71 gAthAoM meM prajJApanA ke Adya pada meM AyI huI vanaspatiyoM para vicAra kiyA gayA hai| isa para eka ajJAta lekhaka kI avacUri bhI hai| 5. prajJApanA bIjaka-harSakula gaNI ne likhA hai| prati para lekhana saMvat 1859 likhA hai| 6. zrI padmasuMdara kRta avacUri- yaha avacUri padmasuMdarajI ne malayagiri TIkA ke AdhAra para racI hai| isakI hastalikhita prati saM. 1668 meM likhI huI milatI hai| 7. zrI dhanavimalakRta TabbA- racanA saM. 1767 8. zrI jIvavijayajI kRta TabbA- racanA saM. 1774 9. zrI paramAnaMda jI kRta stabaka-racanA saM. 1876 10.zrI nAnacaMdajI kRta saMskRta chAyA-prajJApanA kA saMskRtAnuvAda hai| anuvAdakartA zrI nAnacaMda jI ma.sA. I. saM. 1884 meM vidyamAna the| 11. ajJAta kartRka vRtti 12. prajJApanA sUtra bhASAMtara-paM. bhagavAnadAsajI harakhacandajI dvArA 13. prajJApanA paryAya- kucha viSama padoM ke paryAya rUpa hai| inameM se krama saMkhyA 1,2,3,10 va 12 kI vyAkhyAe~ prakAzita ho cukI haiN| inake alAvA prajJApanA sUtra para hindI va gujarAtI meM aneka bhASAntara va vivecana prakAzita hue hai| jinameM zrI amolakaRSijI ma.sA. kRta Agama

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| 278 jinavANI- jainAgama-sAhitya vizeSAGaka kA hiMdI anuvAda, zrI ghAsIlAla jI ma.sA. kRta saMskRta meM vistRta TIkA tathA usakA hindI va gujarAtI anuvAda tathA yuvAcArya zrI mizrImala jI ma. sA. ke pradhAna sampAdana meM Agama prakAzana samiti, byAvara se nikalA hindI saMskaraNa Adi haiN| prajJApanA sUtra kI anya sUtroM meM bhalAmaNa yA atideza Agama lekhanakAla meM devirddhigaNi kSamAzramaNa ne aneka AgamoM meM Aye hue kaI milate julate pAThoM ko eka Agama meM rakhakara anya Agama meM 'jAva' Adi zabdoM se saMkSepa kara usa Agama meM dekhane kA saMketa kiyA hai, jisase samAna pATha bAra-bAra na likhanA par3e tathA AgamoM kA kalevara choTA rhe| aneka AgamoM meM pAThoM ko saMkSipta kara prajJApanA se dekhane kA bhI atideza kiyA gayA hai| samavAyAMga sUtra ke jIva-ajIva rAzi vibhAga meM prajJApanA ke 1,6,17,21,28,33,35 pada dekhane kI bhalAmaNa dI hai| isI taraha bhagavatI sUtra meM prajJApanA sUtra ke 1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9, 10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18,19,20,21,22,23,24,25, 26,28,29,30,32,33,34,35,36 ina padoM se viSaya pUrti kara lene kA saMketa kiyA gayA hai| jIvAbhigama sUtra meM prathama prajJApanA, dUsare sthAnapada, cauthA sthiti, chaThA vyutkrAMti tathA aThArahaveM kAyasthiti pada kI aneka jagaha bhalAmaNa hai| viSayavastu , prajJApanA sUtra pradhAnatayA dravyAnuyogamaya hai| kucha gaNitAnuyoga va prasaMgopAtta itihAsa Adi ke viSaya isameM sammilita haiN| jIvAdi dravyoM kA isameM savistAra vivecana hai| vRttikAra malayagiri padoM ke viSaya kA vibhAjana 7 tattvoM meM isa prakAra se karate hai1-2 jIva ajIva tatva -1,3,5,10,13 vA~ pada 3 Anava -16 va 22vA~ pd| 4. baMdha -23 vA~ pada 5-7 saMvara, nirjarA aura mokSa -36 vAM pada . bAkI ke padoM meM kahIM kisI tattva kA, kahIM kisI kA nirUpaNa hai| AcArya malayagiri ne dravyAdi cAra padoM meM bhI ina padoM kA vibhAjana kiyA haiMdravya kA - prathama pada meM kSetra kA - dvitIya pada meM kAla kA - cauthe pada meM bhAva kA - zeSa padoM meM dravyAnuyogapradhAna sthAnAMga, bhagavatI, jIvAbhigama Adi sUtroM ke aneka viSaya isase milate julate haiN| bhagavatI sUtra meM to lagabhaga pUrA prajJApanA - mo 3

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| prajJApanA sUtra eka samIkSA 2791 samAviSTa ho jAtA hai| digambara graMtha SaTkhaNDAgama tathA usI ke AdhAra se bane gommaTasAra se bhI kaI viSaya mela khAte haiN| saMkSepa meM dharma, sAhitya, darzana, bhUgola ke kaI viSayoM kA isameM samAveza hai| . sUtrakAra Arya zyAmAcArya ne sUtra ke Arambha meM siddhoM ko namaskAra karake trailokya guru bhagavAna mahAvIra ko namaskAra kiyA hai| Age kI gAthAoM meM yaha batAyA hai ki bhagavAn ne jisa prakAra se sarvabhAvoM kI prajJApanA kI hai usI prakAra maiM bhI citra zruta ratna evaM dRSTivAda ke niSyaMda rUpa adhyayana ko khuuNgaa| phira kramaza: 36 padoM ke nAma diye haiN| prathamAdi padoM kI viSayavastu saMkSepa meM nimna hai1. prajJApanA pada- prathama pada meM prajJApanA ko do bhAgoM meM vibhakta kiyA hai (a) jIva prajJApanA (ba) ajIva prjnyaapnaa| prathama ajIva prajJApanA ko kahate hue usake do bheda batAye haiM- rUpI ajIva va arUpI ajiiv| arUpI ajIva ke 10 bheda evaM rUpI ajIva ke 530 bhedoM kA varNana kiyA hai| jIva prajJApanA meM jIvoM ke do bheda kiye hai saMsArI aura siddha / siddha jIvoM ke bheda batAne ke bAda saMsArI jIvoM kA vistAra se varNana bhedoM ke dvArA batAyA hai| pRthvIkAyika, apkAyika, tejaskAyika, vAyukAyika, vanaspatikAyika, dvIndriya, trIndriya, caturindriya, nArakI, jalacara, sthalacara, khecara, uraparisarpa, bhujaparisarpa, manuSya tathA devoM ke prakAra samajhAye gaye haiN| manuSyoM ke sammUrchima, akarmabhUmija, aMtaradvIpaja, karmabhUmija Adi prakAroM ke nAma ginAye gaye haiN| karmabhUmija manuSyoM ke bhedoM meM mleccha jAtiyoM evaM AryoM kA varNana hai| AryoM ke aneka bheda karate hue usa samaya kI Arya jAti yA kula, zilpa, karma, lipi evaM Arya dezoM kA varNana kiyA hai| jJAna, darzana, cAritra AryoM kA varNana hai| isa prakAra isa pada meM jIva-ajIvoM ko vyavasthita vargIkaraNa ke dvArA samajhAyA hai| sampUrNa vizva meM jaina darzana hI eka mAtra darzana hai jisane vanaspati Adi ekendriyoM meM bhI spaSTa rUpa se jIvatva svIkAra kiyA hai tathA unakI rakSA ke lie sarvAMgINa upAya batAye haiN| vanaspati Adi kI rakSA mukhyatayA paryAvaraNa kI zuddhi para AdhArita hai| __ Adhunika vaijJAnikoM ne bhI vanaspati ko sacetana siddha kara diyA hai| vaha AhAra grahaNa karatI hai, bar3hatI hai, zvAsocchvAsa letI hai, rogI hotI hai tathA maratI bhI hai| vibhinna prakAra ke prayogoM ke dvArA vaijJAnikoM ne niSkarSa nikAlA hai ki vanaspati bhayabhIta hotI hai, harSita hotI hai| vanaspati vijJAna meM paudhoM kI maithuna kriyA kA vizada varNana hai| prajJApanA ke isa pada meM vanaspati ko sacetana mAnA hai| Age ke padoM meM unake Ayu, zvAsocchvAsa, bhojana, harSa, du:kha Adi kA varNana hai| kaMSAya pada meM batAyA hai ki vanaspati ko krodha AtA hai, vaha mAna bhI karatI hai, usameM mAyA bhI hotI hai, usameM lobha bhI

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| 280 jinavANI- jainAgama-sAhitya vizeSAGaka hotA hai, vaha parigraha bhI rakhatI hai| ajIva prajJApanA meM batAye hue dravyoM ko Adhunika vijJAna ne bhI kisI na kisI rUpa meM svIkAra kiyA hai| dharmAstikAya ko Ithara (Ether), adharmAstikAya ko gurutvAkarSaNa kA kSetra (Field of gravitation) ke rUpa meM, pudgala (Matter) AkAza evaM kAla ko bhI mAnA hai| kintu vaijJAnikoM dvArA mAne hue paramANu tathA kAla kI sUkSma IkAI se jaina darzana ke paramANu tathA kAla kI IkAI ati sUkSma hai| 2. sthAna pada- uparyukta prathama pada meM Aye hue jIvoM ke rahane ke sthAna kA varNana hai| 3. alpabahutva pada- dizA, gati, indriya Adi 27 dvAroM se jIvoM kA alpabahutva hai| ajIvoM kA dravya, kSetra, kAla evaM bhAva kI apekSA se alpabahutva batAyA hai tathA aMta meM AgamoM kA sabase bar3A alpabahutva mahAdaNDaka (98 bola kI alpabahutva) hai| 4. sthiti pada- caubIsa hI daNDakoM ke jIvoM ke paryApta va aparyApta kI sthiti kA varNana hai| 5. vizeSa athavA paryAya pada- jIva ajIva ke paryAyoM kI dravya, kSetra, kAla, bhAva kI apekSA tulanA kI gayI hai| 6. vyutkrAMti pada- jIvoM kI gati Adi meM utpAta, udvartana saMbaMdhI viraha, unake utpanna hone kI saMkhyA kA varNana hai| sAtha hI yaha batAyA gayA hai ki ve kahAM se Akara utpanna ho sakate haiM tathA marakara kahAM-kahAM jA sakate haiN| 7. ucchavAsa pada- isa pada meM nairayika Adi 24 daNDakoM ke ucchvAsa grahaNa karane aura chor3ane ke kAla kA varNana hai| 8. saMjJA pada-AhArAdi 10 saMjJAoM ke Azraya se jIvoM kA varNana hai| 9. yoni pada- jIvoM ke utpanna hone kI yoniyoM ke vibhinna prakAroM kA varNana 10.carama pada- ratnaprabhA pRthvI Adi, paramANu Adi va jIvoM meM carama-acarama kA kathana hai| 11.bhASA pada-bhASA ke bheda, unake bolane meM prayoga meM Ane vAle dravyoM kA varNana karate hue batAyA hai ki kisa prakAra bole jAne para bhASA ke dravya sAre loka meM phaila jAte haiN| una dhvani taraMgoM rUpa dravyoM ko grahaNa kara zabda sune jAte haiN| jaina darzana sivAya anya bhAratIya dArzanika vicAradhArAeM zabda ko AkAza kA guNa mAnatI rahI hai jabaki jaina darzana unako pudgala mAnatA hai| jaina dharma kI isa vilakSaNa mAnyatA ko bhI vijJAna ne pramANita kara diyA hai| 12.zarIra pada- audArika, vaikriya, AhAraka, taijasa aura kArmaNa zarIra kitane haiM? kina jIvoM ko kitane prApta haiM tathA unase chUTe dravya (mukta zarIra) kitane haiM? isa prakAra kA varNana hai|

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prajJApanA sUtra : eka samIkSA - 281 13.pariNAma pada- jIva ke gati Adi 10 pariNAmoM kA 24 daNDakoM meM vicAra kiyA gayA hai| ajIva ke baMdhana Adi dasa pariNAmoM kA varNana karate hue batAyA hai ki kisa prakAra ke pudgaloM kA Apasa meM baMdha hotA hai| jaina darzana pudgaloM meM pAye jAne vAle snigdhatva aura rukSatva ina do guNoM ke kAraNa baMdha honA mAnatA hai| vaijJAnika bhI dhana vidyuta (Positive Charge) aura RNa vidyuta (Negative Charge) ina do svabhAvoM ko pudgaloM ke baMdha kA kAraNa mAnate haiN| 14.kaSAya pada- krodhAdi cAroM kaSAyoM ke bhedoM kA 24 daNDakoM meM varNana evaM unase hone vAle karmoM ke baMdhAdi kA varNana hai| 15.indriya pada- isake do uddezaka haiN| prathama uddezaka meM indriyoM kA saMsthAna, racanA ke dravya viSayAdi kA varNana hai| dravyoM kI pRthvIkAyAdi se sparzanA va dvIpa samudra ke nAmoM kA ullekha bhI hai| dvitIya uddezaka meM indriya upayoga ke avagrahAdi prakAra, atIta, baddha (vartamAna) aura puraskRta (bhaviSya meM hone vAlI) dravyendriyoM evaM bhAvendriyoM ke Azraya se jIvoM kA varNana hai| 16.prayoga pada- jIva ke satyamanoyoga Adi 15 yogoM evaM prayogagati Adi pAMca bhedoM kI gatiyoM kA varNana hai| isa pada se nArakI aura devatA ke uttara vaikriya meM bhI vaikriya mizra yoga zAzvata batAyA gayA hai| vaikriya mizrayoga mAtra aparyApta avasthAbhAvI mAnane para vaha zAzvata nahIM rhtaa| kyoMki devatA tathA nArakI niraMtara aparyApta nahIM milate haiN| isaliye inake paryApta avasthA meM uttara vaikriya karate hue vaikriya mizra mAnane para hI isakI zAzvatatA siddha ho sakatI haiN| jIva tathA pudgaloM kI vibhinna gatiyoM kA varNana isa pada meM hai| Adhunika vijJAna dvArA mAnya dhvanigati evaM prakAza gati se bhI atizIghra pudgaloM tathA jIva kI gati hotI hai, yaha isameM batAyA hai| 17. lezyA pada- cha: uddezakoM meM lezyA saMbaMdhI vistAra se varNana hai| 18.kAyasthiti pada- jIva, gati, indriya Adi 21 dvAroM se kAya sthiti kA varNana hai| 19.samyaktva pada- samyak, mithyA aura mizra ina tIna dRSTiyoM kA 24 daNDakoM meM vivecana hai| 20.aMtakriyA pada- kaunasA jIva apane bhava se manuSya bana kara mokSa jA sakatA hai, kauna tIrthakara cakravartI evaM unake 14 ratna rUpa meM utpanna ho sakatA hai, Adi varNana hai| 21.avagAhanA saMsthAna pada-pAMcoM zarIroM kI avagAhanA Adi kA varNana hai| 22.kriyA pada- kAyikI Adi vibhinna kriyAoM kA vistAra se varNana hai| 23. karma prakRti pada- pahale uddezaka meM ATha karmoM ke baMdha, unake phala tathA

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1282 jinavANI- jainAgama-sAhitya vizeSAGaka dUsare uddezaka meM ATha karmoM kI uttara prakRtiyoM evaM unakI sthiti Adi kA varNana hai| 24.karma baMdha pada- ATha karmoM meM se eka-eka karma ke bAMdhate hue anya karmoM ke baMdha kA ullekha hai| 25. karma veda pada- ATha karmoM ko bAMdhate hue alaga-alaga karma vedane kA ullekha hai| 26. karma veda baMdhapada- kaunase karma vedate hue kina-kina karmoM kA baMdha hogA, isakA varNana hai| 27. karma veda veda pada- eka-eka karma vedate hue anya kauna se karmoM kA vedana hotA hai inake paraspara bhaMga banAte hue varNana kiyA hai| 28. AhAra pada- jIvoM ke AhAra kA vistAra se, 29 upayoga pada-12 upayoga kaa| 30. pazyattA pada- sAkAra pazyatA tathA anAkAra pazyatA kaa| 31. saMjJI pada- saMjJI, asaMjJI, no saMjJI, no asaMjJI jIvoM kaa| 32. saMyata pada- saMyata, asaMyata, saMyatAsaMyata tathA no saMyata, no asaMyata, no saMyatAsaMyata jIvo kaa| 33. avadhi pada- jIvoM ke avadhi viSaya, saMsthAna, bhedoM kA 34 pravicAraNapada- devoM ke paricAraNA kaa| 35. vedanA pada- sAtA, asAtA Adi vedanAoM kaa| 36. samudrAta pada- vedanA Adi sAta samudghAtoM kA vistAra se varNana hai| kevalI samudghAta ke bAda yoga nirodha se zaileSI avasthA ko prApta kara cAra aghAti karmoM kA kSayakara AtmA siddha, buddha aura mukta hotI hai| jisa prakAra jale hue bIjoM kI puna: aMkura-utpatti nahIM hotI hai usI prakAra siddha bhagavAna ke karma bIja jala jAne se puna: janmotpatti nahIM hotI hai| ve zAzvata anAgata kAla taka avyAbAdha sukhoM meM sthita hote haiN| ___ isa sUtra ko par3hane kA upadhAna tapa graMthoM meM tIna Ayambila batAyA gayA hai| prajJApanA sUtra kA yaha saMkSepa meM vivecana kiyA gayA hai| AgamoM meM jyoM-jyoM avagAhana kiyA jAtA hai tyoM-tyoM adbhuta AnaMda rasa kI prApti hotI hai| jisa prakAra vaijJAnika logoM ko risarca karate nayI-nayI jAnakArI prApta hone para apUrva AhlAda kI prApti hotI hai| usI taraha AgamoM se nayAnayA jJAna prApta hone para apUrva AnaMda kI anubhUti hotI hai| zraddhA sahita par3hane vAlA anupama Atma-sukha ko prApta karatA hai| saMdarbha 1. AyArassa bhagavao scuuliyaagss| samavAyAMga sUtra, samavAya 18,25,85 2. paNNavaNAe bhagavaIe paDhama paNNavaNA vayaM samattaM(isI prakAra sabhI padoM ke aMta meM) 3. prajJApanA sUtra prAraMbha kI gAthA naM. 3(5) 4. anuyoga dvAra TIkA 5. prajJApanA TIkA

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prajJApanA sUtra : eka samIkSA 283] 6. vAyagavaravaMsAo tevIsaimeNaM dhIrapuriseNaM, duddharadhareNa muNiNA puvvsuysmiddhbuddhiinnN| sUyasAgarA viNeUNa jeNa suyarayaNamuttamaM diNNaM, sIsagaNassa bhagavao tassa namo ajjsaamss|| 7. jainAgama graMthamAlA-paNNavaNA suttN| 8. jaina dharma kA maulika itihAsa 9. niyuktiyA~ jo devarddhigaNi ke pUrvavartI ginI bhI jAtI haiM, uname naMdI kA ullekha hai "naMdI aNuogadAraM vihivadugghAiyaM ca naaunnN'| niyukti saMgraha Ava. ni. gAthA 1026 sattaM naMdI mAiyaM-vahI gAthA saM.1365 dvAdazAra nayacakra kI siMhagaNi kSamAzramaNa kI TIkA meM vartamAna naMdI se bhinna pATha haiN| 10. prajJApanA kI malayagiri TIkA va aneka graMthoM meN| 11. samavAyAMga samavAya 84 tathA uttarAdhyayana a. 28 anyathA hyanibaddhamaMgopAMgata: samudraprataraNavad duradhyavaseyaM syaat| -tattvArtha bhASya 12.tatra sUraprajJapti jambUdvIpaprajJapti, paMcaSaSTAMgayorupAMgabhUte itare (caMdraprajJapti) tu prakIrNarUpe iti| 13. sukhabodhA samAcArI 1112 I. (jaina sAhitya kA vRhad itihAsa) 14. sukhabodhA samAcArI vAyaNAvihi Adi (jaina sAhitya kA vRhad itihAsa) 15. kahIM mAtra 'jAva' zabda se, kahIM 'jAva' va 'jahA paNNavaNAe' sUtra nirdeza ke sAtha, kahIM 'jahA vakkaMtIe, ohIpayaM bhaNiyavvaM' Adi pada ke nAma dete hue, kahIM 'jahA paNNavaNAe ThANapae' sUtra ke sAtha pada kA nAma dete hue Adi tarIkoM se saMketa kiyA gayA hai| 16. vavagayajaramaraNabhae siddhe abhivaMdiUNa tivihenn| vaMdAmi jiNavariMda telokkguru-mhaaviirN|| 17. jIva ajIva tattva- zrI kanhaiyAlAla lor3hA -pAlI bAjAra, mahAmaMdira, jodhapura

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jambUdvIpaprajJapti AcArya zrI devendramunijI ma.sA. jambUdvIpaprajJapti meM sAta vakSaskAroM ke antargata itihAsa evaM bhUgola saMbaMdhI varNana upalabdha hai| isameM jambUdvIpa, bharatakSetra, kAlacakra, RSabhadeva, vinItA nagarI, bharata cakravartI, gaMgAnadI, parvata, vijaya, dikkumArI, jambUdvIpa ke khaNDa, candrAdi nakSatra ityAdi kI carcA huI hai| AcArya zrI devendramuni jI ke prastuta Alekha meM jambUdvIpaprajJapti ke pramukha aMzoM para sundara paricaya upalabdha hai| yaha Alekha Agama prakAzana samiti, byAvara se prakAzita jambUdvIpaprajJapti kI prastAvanA se cayana kara saMkalita hai| -sampAdaka nandIsUtra meM aMgabAhya AgamoM kI sUcI meM jambUdvIpaprajJapti kA kAlika zruta kI sUcI meM AThavA~ sthAna hai| jaba Agama sAhitya kA aMga, upAMga, mUla aura cheda rUpa meM vargIkaraNa huA to jambUdvIpaprajJapti kA upAMga meM pA~cavA~ sthAna rahA aura ise bhagavatI ( vyAkhyAprajJapti) sUtra kA upAMga mAnA gayA hai / bhagavatI sUtra ke sAtha prastuta upAMga kA kyA saMbaMdha hai? ise kisa kAraNa bhagavatI kA upAMga kahA gayA hai? yaha zodhArthiyoM ke liye cintanIya prazna hai 1 jambUdvIpaprajJapti meM eka adhyayana hai aura sAta vakSaskAra hai| yaha Agama pUrvArddha aura uttarArddha ina do bhAgoM meM vibhakta hai / pUrvArddha meM cAra vakSaskAra haiM to uttarArddha meM tIna vakSaskAra haiM / vakSaskAra zabda yahA~ prakaraNa ke artha meM vyavahRta huA hai, para vastutaH jambUdvIpa meM isa nAma ke pramukha parvata haiM, jinakA jaina bhUgola meM aneka dRSTiyoM se mahattva pratipAdita hai / jambUdvIpa se saMbaddha vivecana ke saMdarbha meM granthakAra prakaraNa kA avabodha karAne ke lie hI vakSaskAra zabda kA prayoga karate haiN| jambUdvIpaprajJapti ke mUla pATha kA zloka pramANa 4146 hai / 178 gadya sUtra haiM aura 52 padya sUtra haiN| jaina sAhitya kA bRhad itihAsa, bhAga dUsare meM jambUdvIpaprajJapti ko chaThA upAMga likhA hai| jaba AgamoM kA vargIkaraNa anuyoga kI dRSTi se kiyA gayA to jambUdvIpaprajJapti ko gaNitAnuyoga meM sammilita kiyA gayA, para gaNitAnuyoga ke sAtha hI usameM dharmakathAnuyoga Adi bhI haiN| prathama vAskAra mithilA : eka paricaya - jambUdvIpaprajJapti kA prArambha mithilA nagarI ke varNana se huA hai, jahA~ para zramaNa bhagavAna mahAvIra apane antevAsiyoM ke sAtha padhAre hue haiN| usa samaya vahA~ kA adhipati rAjA jitazatru thA / bRhatkalpabhASya' meM sAr3he paccIsa Arya kSetroM kA varNana hai| usameM mithilA kA varNana hai| mithilA videha janapada kI rAjadhAnI thii| videha rAjya kI sImA uttara meM himAlaya, dakSiNa meM gaMgA, pazcima meM gaMDakI aura pUrva meM mahInadI taka

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| jambUdvIpaprajJapti 285 thii| jAtaka kI dRSTi se isa rASTra kA vistAra 300 yojana thA usameM solaha sahana gA~va the| yaha deza aura rAjadhAnI donoM kA hI nAma thaa| Adhunika zodha ke anusAra yaha nepAla kI sImA para sthita thaa| vartamAna meM jo janakapura nAmaka eka kasbA hai, vahI prAcIna yuga kI mithilA honI caahie| isake uttara meM majaphpharapura aura darabhaMgA jilA milate haiN| jambUdvIpa-gaNadhara gautama bhagavAna mahAvIra ke pradhAna antevAsI the| ve mahAna jijJAsu the| unake antarmAnasa meM yaha prazna ubuddha huA ki jambUdvIpa kahA~ hai? kitanA bar3A hai? usakA saMsthAna kaisA hai? usakA AkAra/svarUpa kaisA hai? samAdhAna karate hue bhagavAna mahAvIra ne kahA- vaha sabhI dvIpa-samudroM meM Abhyantara hai| vaha tiryakloka ke madhya meM sthita hai, sabase choTA hai, gola hai| apane golAkAra meM yaha eka lAkha yojana lambA caur3A hai| isakI paridhi tIna lAkha solaha hajAra do sau sattAIsa yojana, tIna kosa eka sau aTThAIsa dhanuSa aura sADhe teraha aMgula se kucha adhika hai| isake cAroM aura eka vajramaya dIvAra hai| usa dIvAra meM eka jAlIdAra gavAkSa bhI hai aura eka mahAn padmavaravedikA hai| padmavaravedikA ke bAhara eka vizAla vana-khaNDa hai| jambUdvIpa ke vijaya, vaijayanta, jayanta aura aparAjita-ye cAra dvAra haiN| jambUdvIpa meM bharatakSetra kahA~ hai? usakA svarUpa kyA hai? dakSiNArddha bharata aura uttarArddha bharata vaitADhya nAmaka parvata se kisa prakAra vibhakta huA hai? vaitADhya parvata kahA~ hai? vaitADhya parvata para vidyAdhara zreNiyA~ kisa prakAra hai| vaitADhya parvata ke kitane kUTa/zikhara haiM? siddhAyatana kUTa kahA~ hai? dakSiNArddha bharatakUTa kahA~ hai? RSabhakUTa parvata kahA~ hai? Adi kA vistRta varNana prathama vakSaskAra meM kiyA gayA hai| prastuta Agama meM jina praznoM para cintana kiyA gayA hai, unhIM para aMga sAhitya meM bhI vistRta varNana prApta hotA hai| sthAnAMga, samavAyAMga aura bhagavatI meM aneka sthaloM para vividha dRSTiyoM se likhA gayA hai| isI prakAra paravartI zvetAmbara sAhitya meM bhI bahuta hI vistAra se carcA kI gaI hai, to digambara paramparA ke tiloyapaNNatti Adi granthoM meM bhI vistAra se nirUpaNa kiyA gayA hai| yaha varNana kevala jaina paramparA ke granthoM meM hI nahIM, bhArata kI prAcIna vaidika paramparA aura bauddha paramparA ke granthoM meM bhI isa sambandha meM yatratatra nirUpaNa kiyA gayA hai| bhAratIya manISiyoM ke antarmAnasa meM jambUdvIpa ke prati gaharI AsthA aura apratima sammAna rahA hai| jisake kAraNa hI. vivAha, nAmakaraNa, gRhapraveza prabhRti mAMgalika kAryoM ke prArambha meM maMgala kalaza sthApana ke samaya yaha mantra doharAyA jAtA hai-jambUdvadIpe bharatakSetre AryakhaNDe..... pradeze.....nagare.....saMvatsare...zabhamAse..... prastuta Agama meM jambUdvIpa kA AkAra gola batAyA hai aura usake

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1286 mAmAhA jinavANI- jainAgama-sAhitya vizeSAGaka lie kahA gayA hai ki tela meM tale hue pUe jaisA gola, ratha ke pahiye jaisA gola, kamala kI karNikA jaisA gola aura pratipUrNa candra jaisA gola hai| bhagavatI, jIvAjIvAbhigama, jJAnArNava', triSaSTizalAkApuruSacaritta', lokaprakAza", ArAdhanA-samuccaya", AdipurANa meM pRthvI kA AkAra jhallarI (jhAlara yA cUr3I) ke AkAra ke samAna gola batAyA gayA hai| prazamaratiprakaraNa Adi meM pRthvI kA AkAra sthAlI ke sadRza bhI batAyA gayA hai| pRthvI kI paridhi bhI vRttAkAra hai, isalie jIvAjIvAbhigama meM pariveSTita karane vAle ghanodadhi prabhRti vAyuoM ko valayAkAra mAnA hai|" tiloyapaNNatti grantha meM pRthvI (jambUdvIpa) kI upamA khar3e hue mRdaMga ke Urdhva bhAga (sapATa gola) se dI gaI hai| digambara paramparA ke jambUddIvapaNNatti graMtha meM jambUdvIpa ke AkAra kA varNana karate hue use sUryamaNDala kI taraha vRtta batAyA hai| uparyukta vivecana se yaha spaSTa hai ki jaina sAhitya meM pRthvI nAraMgI ke samAna gola na hokara capaTI pratipAdita hai| jaina paramparA ne hI nahIM vAyupurANa, padmapurANa, viSNudharmottarapurANa, bhAgavatapurANa prabhRti purANoM meM bhI pRthvI ko samatala AkAra, puSkara patra samAkAra citrita kiyA hai| Adhunika vijJAna kI dRSTi se pRthvI nAraMgI kI taraha gola hai| bhAratIya manISiyoM dvArA nirUpita pRthvI kA AkAra aura vaijJAnikasammata pRthvI ke AkAra meM antara hai| isa antara ko miTAne ke lie aneka manISIgaNa prayatna kara rahe haiN| yaha prayatna do prakAra se cala rahA hai| kucha cintakoM kA yaha abhimata hai ki prAcIna vAGmaya meM Aye hue ina zabdoM kI vyAkhyA isa prakAra kI jAye jisase Adhunika vijJAna ke hama sannikaTa ho sakeM to dUsare manISiyoM kA abhimata hai ki vijJAna kA jo mata hai vaha sadoSa hai, nirbala hai, prAcIna mahAmanISiyoM kA kathana hI pUrNa sahI hai| prathama varga ke cintakoM kA kathana hai ki pRthvI ke liye Agama sAhitya meM jhallarI yA sthAlI kI upamA dI gaI hai| vartamAna meM hamane jhallarI zabda ko jhAlara mAnakara aura sthAlI zabda ko thAlI mAnakara pRthvI ko vRtta athavA capaTI mAnA hai| jhallarI kA eka artha jhAMjha nAmaka vAdya bhI hai aura sthAlI kA artha bhojana pakAne vAlI haMDiyA bhI hai| para Adhunika yuga meM yaha artha pracalita nahIM hai| yadi hama jhAMjha aura haMDiyA artha mAna leM to pRthvI kA AkAra gola siddha ho jAtA hai| jo Adhunika vijJAna kI dRSTi se bhI saMgata hai| sthAnAMgasUtra meM jhallarI zabda jhAMjha nAmaka vAdya ke artha meM vyavahRta huA dUsarI mAnyatA vAle cintakoM kA abhimata hai ki vijJAna eka aisI

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jambUdvIpaprajJapti 287 prakriyA hai jisameM satata anusaMdhAna aura gaveSaNA hotI rahatI hai| vijJAna ne jo pahale siddhAnta saMsthApita kiye the Aja ve siddhAnta navIna prayogoM aura anusaMdhAnoM se khaNDita ho cuke haiN| kucha Adhunika vaijJAnikoM ne 'pRthvI gola hai' isa mAnyatA kA khaNDana kiyA hai|" laMdana meM 'phleTa artha sosAyaTI' nAmaka saMsthA isa saMbaMdha meM jAgarUkatA se isa tathya ko ki pRthvI capaTI hai, ujAgara karane kA prayAsa kara rahI hai, to bhArata meM bhI abhayasAgara jI mahArAja va AryikA jJAnamatI jI dattacitta hokara use capaTI siddha karane meM saMlagna haiM / unhoMne aneka pustakeM bhI isa saMbaMdha meM prakAzita kI hai I dvitIya vakSaskAra: eka cinjana dvitIya vakSaskAra meM gaNadhara gautama kI jijJAsA para bhagavAna mahAvIra ne kahA ki bharata kSetra meM kAla do prakAra kA hai aura vaha avasarpiNI aura utsarpiNI nAma se vizruta hai| donoM kA kAlamAna bIsa kor3Akor3I sAgaropama hai / sAgara yA sAgaropama mAnava ko jJAta samasta saMkhyAoM se adhika kAla vAle kAlakhaNDa kA upamA dvArA pradarzita parimANa hai| vaidika dRSTi se cAra araba battIsa karor3a varSoM kA eka kalpa hotA hai| isa kalpa meM eka hajAra caturyuga hote haiN| purANoM meM itanA kAla brahmA ke eka dina yA rAtri ke barAbara mAnA hai| jaina dRSTi se avasarpiNI aura utsarpiNI ke chaha-chaha upavibhAga hote haiN| ve isa prakAra haiM krama 1. suSamA- suSamA 2. suSamA 3. suSamA - duHSamA 4. duHSamA - suSamA 5. duHSamA 6. duHSamA - duHSamA krama 1. duHSamA - duHSamA 2. duHSamA 3. duHSamA- suSamA 4. suSamA - duHSamA 5. suSamA avasarpiNI kAla vistAra cAra koTAkoTi sAgara tIna koTAkoTi sAgara do koTAkoTi sAgara eka koTAkoTi sAgara meM 42000 varSa nyUna 21000 varSa 21000 varSa utsarpiNI kAla vistAra 21000 varSa 21000 varSa eka koTAkoTi sAgara meM 42000 varSa nyUna do koTAkoTi sAgara tIna koTAkoTi sAgara cAra koTAkoTi sAgara 6. suSamA- suSamA avasarpiNI aura utsarpiNI nAmaka ina donoM kA kAla bIsa kor3Akor3I sAgaropama hai / yaha bharatakSetra aura airAvatakSetra meM rahaTa-ghaTa nyAya 20

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288 jinavANI- jainAgama-sAhitya vizeSAGka 21 I thaa| se athavA zukla- kRSNa pakSa ke samAna ekAntara krama se sadA calatA rahatA hai | AgamakAra ne avasarpiNI kAla ke suSamA- suSamA nAmaka prathama Are kA vistAra se nirUpaNa kiyA hai| usa kAla meM mAnava kA jIvana atyanta sukhI thaa| usa para prakRti devI kI apAra kRpA thI / usakI icchAe~ svalpa thIM aura ve svalpa icchAe~ kalpavRkSoM ke mAdhyama se pUrNa ho jAtI thiiN| cAroM ora sukha kA sAgara ThATheM mAra rahA thaa| ve mAnava pUrNa svastha aura prasanna the| usa yuga meM pRthvI sarvarasA thI / mAnava tIna dina meM eka bAra AhAra karatA thA aura vaha AhAra unheM una vRkSoM se hI prApta hotA thaa| mAnava vRkSoM ke nIce nivAsa karatA / ve ghaTAdAra aura chAyAdAra vRkSa bhavya bhavana ke sadRza hI pratIta hote the / na to usa yuga meM asi thI, na masI aura na hI kRSi thii| mAnava pAdacArI thA, svecchA se idhara-udhara paribhramaNa kara prAkRtika saundarya - suSamA ke apAra Ananda ko pAkara AhlAdita thA / usa yuga ke mAnavoM kI Ayu tIna palyopama kI thii| jIvana kI sAMdhyavelA meM chaha mAha avazeSa rahane para eka putra aura putrI samutpanna hote the| unapacAsa dina ve usakI sAra-sambhAla karate aura anta meM chIMka aura ubAsI/ jamhAI ke sAtha Ayu pUrNa krte| isI taraha se dvitIya Araka aura tRtIya Araka ke do bhAgoM taka bhogabhUmi- akarmabhUmi kAla kahalAtA hai| kyoMki ina kAlakhaNDoM meM samutpanna hone vAle mAnava Adi prANiyoM kA jIvana bhogapradhAna rahatA hai| kevala prakRtipradatta padArthoM kA upabhoga karanA hI inakA lakSya hotA hai / kaSAya manda hone se unake jIvana meM saMkleza nahIM hotaa| bhogabhUmi kAla ko Adhunika zabdAvalI meM kahA jAya to vaha 'sTeTa oNpha necara' arthAt prAkRtika dazA ke nAma se pukArA jaayegaa| bhogabhUmi ke loga samasta saMskAroM se zUnya hone para bhI svAbhAvika rUpa se hI susaMskRta hote haiN| ghara-dvAra, grAma-nagara, rAjya aura parivAra nahIM hotA aura na unake dvArA nirmita niyama hote haiN| prakRti hI unakI niyAmaka hotI hai| chaha RtuoM kA cakra bhI usa samaya nahIM hotaa| kevala eka Rtu hI hotI hai| usa yuga ke mAnavoM kA varNa svarNa sadRza hotA hai| anya raMga vAle mAnavoM kA pUrNa abhAva hotA hai| prathama Araka se dvitIya Araka meM pUrvApekSayA varNa, gaMdha, rasa, sparza Adi prAkRtika guNoM meM zanaiH zanaiH hInatA AtI calI jAtI hai| dvitIya Araka meM mAnava kI Ayu tIna palyopama se kama hotI - hotI do palyopama kI ho jAtI hai / usI taraha se tRtIya Are meM bhI hrAsa hotA calA jAtA hai| dhIre-dhIre yaha hAsonmukha avasthA adhika prabala ho jAtI hai, taba mAnava ke jIvana meM azAnti kA prAdurbhAva hotA hai| AvazyakatAe~ bar3hatI haiN| una AvazyakatAoM kI pUrti prakRti se pUrNatayA nahIM ho pAtI / taba eka yugAntarakArI prAkRtika evaM jaivika parivartana hotA hai| isa parivartana se anabhijJa mAnava bhayabhIta bana jAtA hai| una mAnavoM ko patha pradarzita karane ke

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USINE | jambUdvIpaprajJapti 289 lie aise vyakti Ate haiM jo jaina pAribhASika zabdAvalI meM 'kulakara' kI abhidhA se abhihita kiye jAte haiM aura vaidika paramparA meM ve 'manu' kI saMjJA se pukAre gaye haiN| bhagavAna RSabhadeva-jambUdvIpaprajJapti meM bhagavAna RSabhadeva ko pandrahavA~ kulakara mAnA hai to sAtha hI unheM prathama tIrthakara, prathama rAjA, prathama kevalI, prathama dharmakracavartI Adi bhI likhA hai| bhagavAna RSabhadeva kA jAjvalyavAna vyaktitva aura kRtitva atyanta preraNAdAyI hai| ve aise viziSTa mahApuruSa haiM, jinake caraNoM meM jaina, bauddha aura vaidika ina tInoM bhAratIya dhArAoM ne apanI ananta AsthA ke sumana samarpita kiye haiN| svayaM mUla AgamakAra ne unakI jIvanagAthA bahuta hI saMkSapa meM dI hai| ve bIsa lAkha pUrva taka kumAra avasthA meM rhe| tiresaTha lAkha pUrva taka unhoMne rAjya kA saMcAlana kiyaa| eka lAkha pUrva taka unhoMne saMyama-sAdhanA kara tIrthakara jIvana vyatIta kiyaa| unhoMne gRhasthAzrama meM prajA ke hita ke liye kalAoM kA nirmANa kiyaa| bahattara kalAe~ puruSoM ke liye tathA causaTha kalAe~ striyoM ke liye pratipAdita kii| sAtha hI sau zilpa bhI btaaye| AdipurANa grantha meM digambara AcArya jinasena ne RSabhadeva ke samaya pracalita chaha AjIvikAoM kA ullekha kiyA hai- 1. asi-sainikavRtti, 2. masi- lipividyA, 3. kRSi- khetI kA kAma, 4. vidyA- adhyApana yA zAstropadeza kA kArya, 5. vANijya-vyApAra, vyavasAya, 6. zilpa- klaakaushl| usa samaya ke mAnavoM ko 'SaTkarmajIvAnAm' kahA gyaahai|24 mahApurANa ke anusAra AjIvikA ko vyavasthita rUpa dene ke lie RSabhadeva ke kSatriya, vaizya aura zUdra, ina tIna vargoM kI sthApanA kii| Avazyakaniyukti, AvazyakacUrNi", triSaSTizalAkApuruSacaritta ke anusAra brAhmaNavarNa kI sthApanA RSabhadeva ke jyeSTha putra bharata ne kii| RgvedasaMhitA meM varSoM kI utpatti ke saMbaMdha meM vistAra se nirUpaNa hai| vahA~ para brAhmaNa kA mukha, kSatriya ko bAhu, vaizya ko ura aura zUdra ko paira batAyA hai| yaha lAkSaNika varNana samAjarUpa virAT zarIra ke rUpa meM citrita kiyA gayA hai| zrImadbhAgavata Adi meM bhI isa saMbaMdha meM ullekha kiyA gayA hai| prastuta Agama meM jaba bhagavAna RSabhadeva pravrajyA grahaNa karate haiM, taba ve cAra muSThi loca karate haiM, jabaki anya sabhI tIrthakaroM ke varNana meM paMcamuSThi loca kA ullekha hai| TIkAkAra ne viSaya ko spaSTa karate hue likhA hai ki jisa samaya bhagavAn RSabhadeva loca kara rahe the, usa samaya svarNa ke samAna camacamAtI huI kezarAzi ko nihAra kara indra ne bhagavAna RSabhadeva se prArthanA kI, jisase bhagavAna RSabhadeva ne indra kI prArthanA se eka muSThi keza

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1290 jinavANI- jainAgama-sAhitya vizeSAGaka isI taraha rahane diye| keza rakhane se ve kezI yA kesariyA jI ke nAma se vizruta hue| padmapurANa harivaMzapurANa meM RSabhadeva kI jaTAoM kA ullekha hai| Rgveda meM RSabha kI stuti kezI ke rUpa meM kI gii| vahA~ batAyA hai ki kezI agni, jala, svarga aura pRthvI ko dhAraNa karatA hai aura keza vizva ke samasta tattvoM kA darzana karAtA hai aura prakAzamAna jJAnajyoti hai| bhagavAna RSabhadeva ne cAra hajAra ugra, bhoga, rAjanya aura kSatriya vaMza ke vyaktiyoM ke sAtha dIkSAgrahaNa kii| para una cAra hajAra vyaktiyoM ko dIkSA svayaM bhagavAna ne dI, aisA ullekha nahIM hai| AvazyakaniyuktikAra ne isa saMbaMdha meM yaha spaSTa kiyA hai ki una cAra hajAra vyaktiyoM ne bhagavAna RSabhadeva kA anusaraNa kiyaa| bhagavAna kI dekhAdekhI una cAra hajAra vyaktiyoM ne svayaM kezaluMcana Adi kriyAe~ kI thiiN| prastuta agAma meM yaha bhI ullekha nahIM hai ki bhagavAna RSabhadeva ne dIkSA ke pazcAt kaba AhAra grahaNa kiyA? samavAyAMga meM yaha spaSTa ullekha hai ki saMvacchareNa bhikkhA laddhA usaheNa lognaahenn| isase yaha spaSTa hotA hai ki bhagavAn RSabhadeva kI dIkSA grahaNa karane ke pazcAt eka varSa se adhika samaya vyatIta hone para bhikSA milI thii| kisa tithi ko bhikSA prApta huI thI, isakA ullekha "vasudevahiNDI aura harivaMzapurANa" meM nahIM huA hai| vahA~ para kevala saMvatsara kA hI ullekha hai| para kharataragacchabRhadgurvAvalI", triSaSTizalAkApuruSacaritta" aura mahAkavi puSpadanta ke mahApurANa meM yaha spaSTa ullekha hai ki akSaya tRtIyA ke dina pAraNA huaa| zvetAmbara granthoM ke anusAra RSabhadeva ne bele kA tapa dhAraNa kiyA thA aura digambara granthoM ke anusAra unhoMne chaha mahInoM kA tapa dhAraNa kiyA thA, para bhikSA dene kI vidhi se loga aparicita the| ata: apane Apa hI AcIrNa tapa uttarottara bar3hatA calA gayA aura eka varSa se adhika avadhi vyatIta hone para unakA pAraNA huaa| zreyAMsakumAra ne unheM ikSurasa pradAna kiyaa| tRtIya Are ke tIna varSa sADhe ATha mAsa zeSa rahane para bhagavAna RSabhadeva dasa hajAra zramaNoM ke sAtha aSTApada parvata para ArUDha hue aura 'unhoMne ajara-amara pada ko prApta kiyA, jise jainaparibhASA meM nirvANa yA parinirvANa kahA gayA hai| zivapurANa meM aSTApada parvata ke sthAna para kailAzaparvata kA ullekha hai| jambUdvIpaprajJapti , kalpasUtra", triSaSTizalAkApuruSacaritta", ke anusAra RSabhadeva kI nirvANatithi mAgha kRSNA trayodazI hai| tiloyapaNNatti evaM mahApurANa ke anusAra mAgha kRSNA caturdazI hai| vijJoM kA mAnanA hai ki bhagavAna RSabhadeva kI smRti meM zramaNoM ne usa dina upavAsa rakhA aura ve rAtabhara dharmajAgaraNa karate rhe| isaliye vaha

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jambUdvIpaprajJapti 291 48 rAtri zivarAtri ke rUpa meM jAnI gii| IzAna saMhitA meM ullekha hai ki mAgha kRSNA caturdazI kI mahAnizA meM koTisUrya-prabhopama bhagavAna Adideva zivagati prApta ho jAne se ziva - isa liMga se prakaTa hue| jo nirvANa ke pUrva Adideva the, ve zivapada prApta ho jAne se ziva kahalAne lge| anya Araka varNana - bhagavAna RSabhadeva ke pazcAt duSSamasuSamA nAmaka Araka meM teIsa anya tIrthaMkara hote haiM aura sAtha hI usa kAla meM gyAraha cakravartI, nau baladeva aura nau vAsudeva Adi zlAghanIya puruSa bhI samutpanna hote haiN| para unakA varNana prastuta Agama meM nahIM AyA hai| saMkSepa meM hI ina ArakoM kA varNana kiyA gayA hai| chaThe Araka kA varNana kucha vistAra se huA hai| chaThe Araka meM prakRti ke prakopa se jana-jIvana atyanta duHkhI ho jaayegaa| sarvatra hAhAkAra maca jaayegaa| mAnava ke antarmAnasa meM snehasadbhAvanA ke abhAva meM chala-chadma kA prAdhAnya hogaa| unakA jIvana amaryAdita hogA tathA unakA zarIra vividha vyAdhiyoM se saMtrasta hogaa| gaMgA aura sindhu jo mahAnadiyA~ haiM, ve nadiyA~ bhI sUkha jAyeMgI / rathacakroM kI dUrI ke samAna pAnI kA vistAra rahegA tathA rathacakra kI paridhi se kendra kI jitanI dUrI hotI hai, utanI pAnI kI gaharAI hogii| pAnI meM matsya aura kacchapa jaise jIva vipula mAtrA meM hoNge| mAnava ina nadiyoM ke sannikaTa vaitADhya parvata meM rahe hue biloM meM rhegaa| sUryodaya aura sUryAsta ke samaya biloM se nikalakara ve machaliyA~ aura kachue pakaDeMge aura unakA AhAra kreNge| isa prakAra 21000 varSa taka mAnava jAti vividha kaSToM ko sahana karegI aura vahA~ se Ayu pUrNa kara ve jIva naraka aura tiryaca gati meM utpanna hoNge| avasarpiNI kAla samApta hone para utsarpiNI kAla kA prArambha hogaa| utsarpiNI kAla kA prathama Araka avasarpiNI kAla ke chaThe Araka ke samAna hI hogA aura dvitIya Araka paMcama Araka ke sadRza hogaa| varNa, gandha, rasa, sparza, Adi meM dhIre-dhIre punaH sarasatA kI abhivRddhi hogI / kSIrajala, ghRtajala, aura amRtajala kI vRSTi hogI, jisase prakRti meM sarvatra sukhada parivartana hogaa| cAroM aura hariyAlI lahalahAne lgegii| zItala manda sugandha pavana Thumaka Thumaka kara calane lgegaa| bilavAsI mAnava biloM se bAhara nikala AyeMge aura prasanna hokara yaha pratijJA grahaNa kareMge ki hama bhaviSya meM mAMsAhAra nahIM kareMge aura jo mAMsAhAra karegA unakI chAyA se bhI hama dUra raheMge / utsarpiNI kAla ke tRtIya Araka meM teIsa tIrthakara, gyAraha cakravartI, nau vAsudeva, nau, baladeva Adi utpanna hoNge| caturtha Araka ke prathama caraNa meM caubIsaveM tIrthaMkara samutpanna hoMge aura eka cakravartI bhii| avasarpiNI kAla meM jahA~ uttarottara hrAsa hotA hai, vahA~ utsarpiNI kAla meM uttarottara vikAsa hotA hai| jIvana meM adhikAdhika sukha-zAMti kA sAgara ThATheM mArane lagatA hai| caturtha Araka ke dvitIya caraNa se punaH yaugalika kAla

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| 292 TE jinavANI- jainAgama-sAhitya vizeSAGaka prArambha ho jAtA hai| karmabhUmi se mAnava kA prasthAna bhoga bhUmi kI ora hotA hai| isa prakAra dvitIya vakSaskAra meM avasarpiNI aura utsarpiNI kAla kA nirUpaNa huA hai| yaha nirUpaNa jJAnavarddhana ke sAtha hI sAdhaka ke antarmAnasa meM yaha bhAvanA utpanna karatA hai ki maiM isa kAlacakra meM ananta kAla se vividha yoniyoM meM paribhramaNa kara rahA huuN| aba mujhe aisA upakrama karanA cAhiye jisase sadA ke liye isa cakra se mukta ho jaauuN| tRtIya vakSaskAra vinItA-jambUdvIpaprajJapti ke tRtIya vakSaskAra meM sarvaprathama vinItA nagarI kA varNana hai| usa vinItA nagarI kI avasthiti bharatakSetra sthita vaitADhya parvata ke dakSiNa ke 114,11/19 yojana tathA lavaNasamudra ke uttara meM 114,11 /19 yojana kI dUrI para, gaMgA mahAnadI ke pazcima meM aura sindhu mahAnadI ke pUrva meM dakSiNArddha bharata ke madhyavartI tIsare bhAga ke ThIka bIca meM hai| vinItA kA hI apara nAma ayodhyA hai| jaina sAhitya kI dRSTi se yaha nagara sabase prAcIna hai| yahA~ ke nivAsI vinIta svabhAva ke the| etadartha bhagavAna RSabhadeva ne isa nagarI kA nAma vinItA rkhaa| yahA~ aura pA~ca tIrthaMkaroM ne dIkSA grahaNa kii| Avazyaniyukti ke anusAra yahA~ do tIrthaMkara RSabhadeva (prathama) abhinandana (caturtha) ne janma grahaNa kiyaa| anya granthoM ke anusAra RSabhadeva, ajitanAtha, abhinandana, sumati, ananta aura acalabhAnu kI janmasthalI aura dIkSAsthalI rahI hai| rAma, lakSmaNa Adi baladeva-vAsudevoM kI bhI janmabhUmi rahI hai| acala gaNadhara ne bhI yahA~ janma grahaNa kiyA thaa| AvazyakamalayagirivRtti ke anusAra ayodhyA ke nivAsiyoM ne vividha kalAoM meM kuzalatA prApta kI thI isaliye ayodhyA ko 'kauzalA' bhI kahate haiN| ayodhyA meM janma lene ke kAraNa bhagavAna RSabhadeva kauzalIya kahalAye the| bharata cakravartI samrAT bharata cakravartI kA janma vinItA nagarI meM hI huA thaa| ve bhagavAna RSabhadeva ke jyeSTha putra the| unakI bAhya AkRti jitanI manamohaka thI, utanA hI unakA Antarika jIvana bhI cittAkarSaka thaa| svabhAva se ve karuNAzIla the, maryAdAoM ke pAlaka the, prajAvatsala the| rAjya-Rddhi kA upabhoga karate hue bhI ve puNDarIka kamala kI taraha nirlepa the| ve gandhahastI kI taraha the| virodhI rAjArUpI hAthI eka kSaNa bhI unake sAmane Tika nahIM pAte the| jo vyakti maryAdAoM kA atikramaNa karatA usake liye ve kAla ke sadRza the| unake rAjya meM durbhikSa aura mahAmArI kA abhAva thaa| eka dina samrATa apane rAjadarabAra meM baiThA huA thaa| usa samaya AyudhazAlA ke adhikArI ne Akara sUcanA dI ki AyudhazAlA meM cakraratna

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| jambUdvIpaprajJapti 293 paidA huA hai| Avazyakaniyukti, AvazyakacUrNi, triSaSTizalAkApuruSacaritta aura cauppannamahAparisacariyaM" ke anusAra rAjasabhA meM yamaka aura zamaka bahuta hI zIghratA se praveza karate haiN| yamaka subhaTa ne namaskAra kara nivedana kiyA ki bhagavAna RSabhadeva ko eka hajAra varSa kI sAdhanA ke bAda kevalajJAna kI upalabdhi huI hai| ve purimatAla nagara ke bAhara zakaTAnanda udyAna meM virAjita haiN| usI samaya zamaka nAmaka subhaTa ne kahA- svAmI AyudhazAlA meM cakraratna paidA huA hai, vaha ApakI divijaya kA sUcaka hai| Apa calakara usakI arcanA kreN| digambara paramparA ke AcArya jinasena ne uparyukta do sUcanAoM ke atirikta tRtIya putra kI sUcanA kA bhI ullekha kiyA hai| ye sabhI sUcanAe~ eka sAtha milane se bharata eka kSaNa asamaMjasa meM par3a gye| ve socane lage ki mujhe prathama kaunasA kArya karanA cAhiye? pahale cakraratna kI arcanA karanI cAhiye yA putrotsava manAnA cAhie yA prabhu kI upAsanA karanI cAhiye? dUsare hI kSaNa unakI pratyutpanna medhA ne uttara diyA ki kevalajJAna kA utpanna honA dharmasAdhanA kA phala hai, putra utpanna honA kAma kA phala hai aura dedIpyamAna cakra kA utpanna honA artha kA phala hai| ina tIna puruSArthoM meM prathama puruSArtha dharma hai, isaliye mujhe sarvaprathama bhagavAna RSabhadeva kI upAsanA karanI caahiye| cakraratna aura putraratna to isI jIvana ko sukhI banAtA hai para bhagavAna kA darzana to isa loka aura paraloka donoM ko hI sukhI banAne vAlA hai| ata: mujhe sarvaprathama unhIM ke darzana karanA hai| prastuta Agama meM kevala cakraratna kA hI ullekha huA hai, anya do ghaTanAoM kA ullekha nahIM hai| ata: bharata ne cakraratna kA abhivAdana kiyA aura aSTa divasIya mahotsava kiyaa| cakravartI samrATa banane ke liye cakraratna anivArya sAdhana hai| yaha cakraratna devAdhiSThita hotA hai| eka hajAra deva isa cakraratna kI sevA karate haiN| yoM cakravartI ke pAsa caudaha ratna hote haiN| yahA~ para ratna kA artha apanI-apanI jAtiyoM kI sarvotkRSTa vastue~ haiN| caudaha ratnoM meM sAta ratna ekendriya aura sAta ratna paMcendriya hote haiN| AcArya abhayadeva ne sthAnAMgavRtti meM likhA hai ki cakra Adi sAta ratna pRthvIkAya ke jIvoM ke zarIra se bane hue hote haiM, ata: unheM ekendriya kahA jAtA hai| AcArya nemicandra ne pravacanasAroddhAra grantha meM ina sAta ratnoM kA pramANa isa prakAra diyA hai| cakra, chatra aura daNDa ye tInoM vyAma tulya hai| tirache phailAye hue donoM hAthoM kI aMguliyoM ke antarAla jitane bar3e hote haiN| carmaratna do hAtha lambA hotA hai| asiratna battIsa aMgula, maNiratna cAra aMgula lambA aura do aMgula caur3A hotA hai| kAgiNIratna kI lambAI cAra aMgula hotI hai| jisa yuga meM jisa

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294 jinavANI- jainAgama-sAhitya vizeSAGka cakravartI kI avagAhanA hotI hai, usa cakravartI ke aMgula kA yaha pramANa hai| cakravartI kI AyudhazAlA meM cakraratna, chatraratna, daNDaratna aura asiratna utpanna hote haiN| cakravartI ke zrIdhara meM carmaratna, maNiratna aura kAgiNIratna utpanna hote haiN| cakravartI kI rAjadhAnI vinItA meM senApati, gRhapati, varddhaki aura purohita ye cAra puruSaratna hote haiM / vaitADhyagiri kI upatyakA meM azva aura hastI ratna utpanna hote haiN| uttaradizA kI vidyAdhara zreNI meM strIratna utpanna hotA hai|" 63 66 gaMgA mahAnadI - samrATa bharata SaTkhaNDa para vijaya - vaijayantI phaharAne ke liye vinItA se prasthita hote haiM aura gaMgA mahAnadI ke dakSiNI kinAre se hote hue pUrva dizA meM mAgadha dizA kI ora calate haiN| gaMgA bhAratavarSa kI bar3I nadI hai| skandhapurANa, amarakoza", Adi meM gaMgA ko devatAoM kI nadI kahA hai| jainasAhitya meM gaMgA ko devAdhiSThita nadI mAnA hai| sthAnAMga, samavAyAMgaTa, jambUdvIpaprajJapti, nizItha, aura bRhatkalpa", meM rUpa meM citrita kiyA gayA hai| sthAnAMgara, nizItha aura bRhatkalpa meM gaMgA ko mahArNava bhI likhA hai| AcArya abhayadeva ke sthAnAMgavRtti meM mahArNava zabda ko upamAvAcaka mAnakara usakA artha kiyA hai ki vizAla jalarAzi ke kAraNa vaha virAT samudra kI taraha thI / purANakAla meM bhI gaMgA ko samudrarUpiNI kahA hai| gaMgA ko eka mahAnadI ke 74 76 navanidhiyA~- - samrATa bharata ke pAsa caudaha ratnoM ke sAtha hI navanidhiyA~ bhI thIM, jinase unheM manovAMchita vastue~ prApta hotI thIM / nidhi kA artha khajAnA hai| bharata mahArAja ko ye navanidhiyA~, jahA~ gaMgA mahAnadI samudra meM milatI hai, vahA~ para prApta huii| AcArya abhayadeva" ke anusAra cakravartI ko apane rAjya ke liye upayogI sabhI vastuoM kI prApti ina nau nidhiyoM se hotI hai| isaliye inheM navanidhAna ke rUpa meM ginA hai| ve navanidhiyA~ isa prakAra hai- 1. naisarpanidhi 2. pAMDukanidhi 3. piMgalanidhi 4. sarvaratnanidhi 5. mahApadmanidhi 6. kAlanidhi 7. mahAkAlanidhi 8. mANavakanidhi 9. zaMkhanidhi / 79 jambUdvIpaprajJapti meM varNana hai ki bharata Adarzaghara meM jAte haiM / vahA~ apane divya rUpa ko nihArate haiN| zubha adhyavasAyoM ke kAraNa unheM kevalajJAna va kevaladarzana prApta ho gyaa| unhoMne kevalajJAna / kevaladarzana hone ke pazcAt sabhI vastrAbhUSaNoM ko haTAyA aura svayaM paMcamuSTi loca kara zramaNa bane / parantu Avazyakaniryukti Adi meM yaha varNana dUsare rUpa meM prApta hai| eka bAra bharata Adarzabhavana meM ge| usa samaya unakI aMgulI se aMgUThI nIce gira pdd'ii| aMgUThI rahita aMgulI zobhAhIna pratIta huii| ve socane lage ki acetana

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12937 | jambUdvIpaprajJapti padArthoM se merI zobhA hai| merA vAstavika svarUpa kyA hai? maiM jar3a padArthoM kI sundaratA ko apanI sundaratA mAna baiThA huuN| isa prakAra cintana karate hue unhoMne mukuTa, kuNDala Adi samasta AbhUSaNa utAra diye| sArA zarIra zobhAhIna pratIta hone lgaa| ve cintana karane lage ki kRtrima saundarya cira nahIM hai, Atmasaundarya hI sthAyI hai| bhAvanA kA vega bar3hA aura ve karmamala ko naSTa kara kevalajJAnI bana gye| caturtha vakSaskAra caturtha vakSaskAra meM culla himavanta parvata kA varNana hai| isa parvata ke Upara bIcoM-bIca padma nAma kA eka sarovara hai| isa sarovara kA vistAra se varNana kiyA gayA hai| gaMgA nadI, sindhu nadI, rohitAMzA nadI prabhRti nadiyoM kA bhI varNana hai| prAcIna sAhitya, cAhe vaha vaidika paramparA kA rahA ho yA bauddha paramparA kA, unameM ina nadiyoM kA varNana vistAra ke sAtha milatA hai| culla himavanta parvata para gyAraha zikhara haiN| una zikharoM kA bhI vistAra se nirUpaNa kiyA hai| haimavata kSetra kA aura usameM zabdApAtI nAmaka vRttavaitADhya parvata kA bhI varNana hai| mahAhimavanta nAmaka parvata kA varNana karate hue batalAyA gayA hai ki usa parvata para eka mahApadma nAmaka sarovara hai| usa sarovara kA bhI nirUpaNa huA hai| harivarSa, niSadha parvata aura usa parvata para tigiMcha nAmaka eka sundara sarovara hai| mahAvideha kSetra kA bhI varNana hai| jahA~ para sadA sarvadA tIrthaMkara prabhu virAjate haiM, unakI pAvana pravacana dhArA satata pravahamAna rahatI hai| mahAvideha kSetra meM se hara samaya jIva mokSa meM jA sakatA hai| isake bIcoM-bIca meru parvata hai| jisase mahAvideha kSetra ke do vibhAga ho gaye haiM- eka pUrva mahAvideha aura eka pazcima mhaavideh| pUrva mahAvideha ke madhya meM zItA nadI aura pazcima mahAvideha ke madhya meM zItodA nadI A jAne se eka-eka vibhAga ke do-do upavibhAga ho gaye haiN| isa prakAra mahAvideha kSetra ke cAra vibhAga haiN| ina cAroM vibhAgoM meM ATha-ATha vijaya haiM, ata: mahAvideha kSetra meM 844 =32 vijaya haiN| gandhamAdana parvata, uttara kuru meM yamaka nAmaka parvata, jambUvRkSa, mahAvideha kSetra meM mAlyavanta parvata, kaccha nAmaka vijaya, citrakUTa nAmaka anya vijaya, devakuru, meruparvata, nandanavana, saumanasa vana Adi vanoM ke varNanoM ke sAtha nIla parvata, ramyaka hiraNyavata aura airAvata Adi kSetroM kA bhI isa vakSaskAra meM bahuta vistAra se varNana kiyA hai| yaha vakSaskAra anya vakSaskAroM kI apekSA bar3A hai| pA~cavA~ vakSaskAra pA~caveM vakSaskAra meM jinajanmAbhiSeka kA varNana hai| tIrthaMkaroM kA hara eka mahattvapUrNa kArya kalyANaka kahalAtA hai| sthAnAMga, kalpasUtra Adi meM tIrthaMkaroM ke paMca kalyANakoM kA ullekha hai| inameM pramukha kalyANaka

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296 jinavANI- jainAgama-sAhitya vizeSAGka janmakalyANaka hai| tIrthaMkaroM kA janmotsava manAne ke liye 56 mahattarikA dizAkumAriyoM aura 64 indra Ate haiN| chaThA vakSaskAra chaThe vakSaskAra meM jambUdvIpagata padArtha saMgraha kA varNana hai| jambUdvIpa ke pradezoM kA lavaNasamudra se sparza aura jIvoM kA janma, jambUdvIpa meM bharata, aivata, haimavata, hairaNyavata, harivAsa, ramyakavAsa aura mahAvideha inakA pramANa, varSadhara parvata, citrakUTa, vicitrakUTa, yamaka parvata, kaMcana parvata, vakSaskAra parvata, dIrgha vaitADhya parvata, varSadharakUTa, vakSaskArakUTa, vaitADhyakUTa, mandarakUTa, mAgadha, tIrtha, varadAma tIrtha, prabhAsa tIrtha, vidyAdhara zreNiyA~ cakravartI vijaya, rAjadhAniyA~, tamisraguphA, khaMDaprapAtaguphA, nadiyoM aura mahAnadiyoM kA vistAra se mUla Agama meM varNana prApta hai / pAThaka gaNa usakA pArAyaNa kara apane jJAna meM abhivRddhi kareM / sAtavA~ vakSaskAra " sAtaveM vakSaskAra meM jyotiSkoM kA varNana hai / jambUdvIpa meM do candra, do sUrya, chappana nakSatra, 176 mahAgraha prakAza karate haiN| usake pazcAt sUrya maNDaloM kI saMkhyA Adi kA nirUpaNa hai| sUrya kI gati dina aura rAtri kA mAna, sUrya ke Atapa kA kSetra, pRthvI, sUrya Adi kI dUrI, sUrya kA Urdhva aura tiryak nApa, candramaNDaloM kI saMkhyA, eka muhUrta meM candra kI gati, nakSatra maNDala evaM sUrya ke udaya-asta viSayoM para prakAza DAlA gayA hai| saMvatsara pA~ca prakAra ke haiM- nakSatra, yuga, pramANa, lakSaNa aura zanaizcara / nakSatra saMvatsara ke bAraha bheda batAye haiM / yugasaMvatsara, pramANasaMvatsara aura lakSaNasaMvatsara ke pA~ca-pA~ca bheda haiN| zanaizcara saMvatsara ke 28 bheda haiN| pratyeka saMvatsara ke 12 mahIne hote haiN| unake laukika aura lokottara nAma batAye haiN| eka mahIne ke do pakSa, eka pakSa ke 15 dina va 15 rAtri aura 15 tithiyoM ke nAma, mAsa, pakSa, karaNa, yoga, nakSatra, poruSIpramANa Adi kA vistAra se vivecana kiyA gayA hai| candra kA parivAra, maMDala meM gati karane vAle nakSatra, pUrva, dakSiNa, pazcima aura uttara dizA meM candravimAna ko vahana karane vAle deva, sUrya, graha, nakSatra, tArA ke vimAnoM ko vahana karane vAle deva, jyotiSka devoM kI zIghra gati, unameM alpa aura mahARddhi vAle deva, jambUdvIpa meM eka tAre se dUsare tAre kA antara, candra kI cAra agramahiSiyA~, parivAra, vaikriyazakti, sthiti Adi kA varNana hai| jambUdvIpa meM jaghanya, utkRSTa tIrthaMkara, cakravartI, baladeva, vAsudeva, nidhi, nidhiyoM kA paribhoga, paMcendriya ratna tathA unakA paribhoga, ekendriya ratna, jambUdvIpa kA AyAma, viSkaMbha, paridhi, U~cAI, pUrNa parimANa, zAzvata

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jambUdvIpaprajJapti 297 azAzvata kathana kI apekSA, jambUdvIpa meM pA~ca sthAvara kAyoM meM ananta bAra utpatti, jambUdvIpa nAma kA kAraNa Adi batAyA gayA hai| vyAkhyA sAhitya jaina bhUgola tathA prAgaitihAsikakAlIna bhArata ke adhyayana kI dRSTi se jambUdvIpaprajJapti kA anUThA mahattva hai| jambUdvIpaprajJapti para koI bhI niyukti prApta nahIM hai aura na bhASya hI likhA gayA hai| kintu eka cUrNi avazya likhI gaI hai| usa cUrNi ke lekhaka kauna the aura usakA prakAzana kahA~ se huA, yaha mujhe jJAta nahIM ho sakatA hai| AcArya malayagiri ne bhI jambUdvIpaprajJapti para eka TIkA likhI thI, vaha bhI aprApya hai| saMvat 1639 meM hIravijayasUri ne isa para TIkA likhI, usake pazcAt vi. saMvat 1645 meM puNyasAgara ne tathA vikrama saMvat 1660 meM zAnticandragaNI ne prameyaratnamaMjUSA nAmaka TIkAgrantha likhaa| yaha TIkAgrantha san 1885 meM dhanapatasiMha kalakattA tathA san 1920 meM devacaMda lAlabhAI jaina pustakoddhAra phaMDa, bambaI se prakAzita huaa| jambUdvIpaprajJapti kA hindI anuvAra vikrama saMvat 2446 meM haidarAbAda se prakAzita huA thaa| jisake anuvAdaka AcArya amolakaRSi jI ma.sA. the| AcArya ghAsIlAla jI ma.sA. ne bhI sarala saMskRta TIkA likhI aura hindI tathA gujarAtI anuvAda bhI prakAzita huA hai| jaina bhUgola kA parijJAna isaliye Avazyaka hai ki AtmA ko apanI vigata /Agata / anAgata yAtrA kA jJAna ho jAye aura use yaha bhI parijJAna ho jAye ki isa virAT vizva meM usakA asalI sthAna kahA~ hai? usakA apanA gantavya kyA hai? vastuta: jaina bhUgola apane ghara kI sthitibodha kA zAstra hai| use bhUgola na kahakara jIvanadarzana kahanA adhika yathArtha hai| vartamAna meM jo bhUgola par3hAyA jAtA hai, vaha vidyArthI ko bhautikatA kI ora le jAtA hai| vaha kevala sasIma kI vyAkhyA karatA hai| vaha asIma kI vyAkhyA karane meM asamartha hai| usameM svarUpa bodha kA jJAna nahIM hai jabaki mahAmanISiyoM dvArA pratipAdita bhUgola meM anantatA rahI huI hai, jo hameM bAhara se bhItara kI ora jhAMkane ko utprerita karatI hai| jo bhI Astika darzana hai jinheM AtmA ke astitva para vizvAsa hai,ve yaha mAnate haiM ki Atma karma ke kAraNa isa virAT vizva meM paribhramaNa kara rahA hai| hamArI jo yAtrA cala rahI hai, usakA niyAmaka tattva karma hai| vaha hameM kabhI svargaloka kI yAtrA karAtA hai to kabhI narakaloka kI, kabhI tiryaMcaloka kI to kabhI mAnava loka kii| usa yAtrA kA parijJAna karanA yA karAnA hI jaina bhUgola kA uddezya rahA hai| AtmA zAzvata hai, karma bhI zAzvata hai aura dhArmika bhUgola bhI zAzvata hai| kyoMki AtmA kA vaha paribhramaNa sthAna hai| jo AtmA aura karmasiddhAnta ko nahIM jAnatA vaha dhArmika

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1298MTARATRAINIRMANEE jinavANI- jainAgama-sAhitya vizeSAGaka bhUgola ko bhI nahIM jAna sktaa| Aja kahIM para ativRSTi kA prakopa hai, kahIM para alpavRSTi hai, kahIM para anAvRSTi hai, kahIM para bhUkampa A rahe haiM to kahIM para samudrI tUphAna aura kahIM para dharatI lAvA ugala rahI hai, kahIM durghaTanAe~ hai| ina sabhI kA mUla kAraNa kyA hai, isakA uttara vijJAna ke pAsa nahIM hai| kevala indriyagamya jJAna se ina praznoM kA samAdhAna nahIM ho sktaa| ina praznoM kA samAdhAna hotA hai- mahAmanISiyoM ke cintana se, jo hameM dharohara ke rUpa meM prApta hai| jisa para indriyagamya jJAna sasIma hone se asIma saMbaMdhI praznoM kA samAdhAna usake pAsa nahIM hai| indriyagamya jJAna vizvasanIya isaliye mAnA jAtA hai ki vaha hameM sApha-sApha dikhalAI detA hai| AdhyAtmika jJAna asIma hone ke kAraNa usa jJAna ko prApta karane ke liye Atmika kSamatA kA pUrNa vikAsa karanA hotA hai| jambUdvIpaprajJapti kA varNana isa dRSTi se bhI bahuta hI upayogI hai| saMdarbha 1. bRhatkalpabhASya 1.3275-89 2. (ka) mahAbhArata vanaparva 254 (kha) mahAvastu III, 172 (ga) divyAvadAna pR. 424 3. suruci jAtaka (saM.489) bhAga 4, 521-522 4. jAtaka (saM. 406) bhAga 4, pRSTha 27 5. (ka) lAhA, jyaoNgrephI oNva arlI buddhijma, pR.31 (kha) kaniMghama, aiMzyeMTa jyA~grephI oNva iMDiyA, esa.ena. majumadAra saMskaraNa pR. 718 (ga) kaniMghama, AAlaoNjikala sarve riporTa XVI, 34 6. bhagavatIsUtra 11/10/8 7. kharakAMDe kiMsaMThie paNNatte? goyamA! jhallarIsaMThie pnnnntte| -jIvAjIvAbhigama sUtra 3/1/74 8. madhye syaajjhllriinibhH| jJAnArNava 33/8 9. madhyeto jhllriinibhH| -triSaSThizalAkA pu. ca. 2/3/479 10. etAvAnmadhyalokaH syAdAkRtyA jhllriinibhH| -lokaprakAza 12/45 11. ArAdhanAsamuccaya-58 12. AdipurANa-4/41 / / 13. sthAlamiva tiryglokm| -prazamarati, 211 14. ghanodahivalae-vaTTe vlyaagaarsNtthaannsNtthie| -jIvAjIvAbhigama 3/1/76 15. majjhimaloyAyAro ubbhiy-muraddhsaariccho| -tiloyapaNNatti 1/137 16. jambuddIvapaNNatti 1/20 17. tulasIprajJA, lADanUM, aprela-jUna 1975, pR. 106, le. yuvAcArya mahAprajJa 18. majjhima puNa jhllrii| -sthAnAMga 7/42 19. Research Article- A criticism upon modern views of our earth by Sri Gyan Chand Jain (Appeared in Pt. Sri Kailash Chandra

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| jambUdvIpaprajJaptiA 299 ___Shastri Felicitation Volume pp.446-450) 20. avasappaNi ussappaNi kAlacciya rhttghttiynnaae| __ hoti aNaMtANaMtA bharaherAvada khidimmi puDhaM / / -- tiloyapaNNatti 4/1614 21 yathA zuklaM ca kRSNaM ca pkssdvymnntrm| utsarpiNyavasarpiNyorevaM kramasamudbhavaH / / -- padmapurANa 3/73 22.kalpasUtra 195 23.AdipurANa 1/178 24.AdipurANa 39/143 25.mahApurANa 183/16/362 26.Avazyakaniyukti pR. 235/1 27.AvazyakacUrNi 212-214 28.triSaSTI. 1/6 29. RgvedasaMhitA 10/90,11,12 30 zrImadbhAgavata 11 /17/13, dvitIya bhAga pR. 809 31. padmapurANa 3/288 32.harivaMzapurANa 9/204 33. Rgveda 10/136/1 34.Avazyakaniyukti gAthA 337 35.samavAyAMgasUtra 157 36.bhayavaM piyAmaho nirAhAro....paDilAhei sAmi khoyrsennN| 37.harivaMzapurANa, sarga 9, zloka 180-191 38.zrI yugAdideva pAraNakapavitritAyAM vaizAkhazuklapakSatRtIyAyAM svapade mahAvistareNa sthaapitaaH| 39.triSaSTizalAkA pu. ca.1/3/301 40.mahApurANa, saMdhi 9, pu. 148-149 41. AvazyakacUrNi, 221 42.zivapurANa, 59 43.jambUdvIpaprajJapti, 48/91 44.kalpasUtra 199/59 45.triSaSTi za.pu.ca.1/6 46.mAghassa kiNhi coddasi puvvahe NiyayajammaNakkhatte aTThAvayammi usaho ajudeNa samaM gojjobhi| --tiloyapaNNatti 47.mahApurANa 37/3 48.mAghe kRSNacaturdazyAmAdidevo mhaanishi| zivaliMgatayodbhUtaH koTisUryasamaprabhaH / tatkAlavyApinI grAhyA zivarAtrivrate tithi:| -IzAnasaMhitA 49 Avassaka kAmeMTrI, pR. 244 50 Avazyakaniyukti 382 51. AvazyakamalayagirivRtti, pR. 214 52.Avazyakaniyukti 342 53.AvazyakacUrNi 181 54.triSaSTizalAkApuruSacarita 1/3/511-513 55. caupannamahApurisacariyaM, zIlAMka

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| 300 - jinavANI jainAgama-sAhitya vizeSAGaka 56.mahApurANa 24/2/573 57.(ka) triSaSTizalAkapuruSa ca. 1/3/5/514 (kha) mahApurANa 24/2/573 58.mahApurANa 24/6/573 59. mahApurANa 24/9/573 60.ratnAni svajAtIyamadhye samutkarSavanti vastUnIti-samavAyAMgavRtti pR. 27 61. pravacanapArodvAra gAthA 1216-12155 62. cakraM chtr.......puNsstirygrhstdvyaaNgulyorNtraalm| -pravacanasAroddhAravRtti, patra 351 63. bharahassa NaM ranno.....uttarillAe vijjAharaseDhIe smuppnne| 64. pravacanasAroddhAravRtti, patra 350-351 --AvazyakacUrNi pR. 208 65 skandhapurANa, kAzIkhaNDa, gaMgA sahasranAma, adhyAya 29 66.amarakoza 1/10/31 67.jambUdvIpaprajJapti, vakSaskAra 4 68.sthAnAMga 5/3 69.samavAyAMga 24vAM samavAya 70.jambUdvIpaprajJapti, vakSaskAra 4 71. nizIthasUtra 12/42 72.bRhatkalpasUtra 4/32 73.sthAnAMga 5/2/1 74.nizItha 12/42 75.bRhatkalpa 4/32 76.(ka) sthAnAMgavRtti 5/2/1 (kha) bRhatkalpabhASya TIkA 5616 77.skandapurANa, kAzIkhaNDa, adhyAya 29 78.(ka) triSaSTizalAkA puruSacaritra 1/4 (kha) sthAnAMgasUtra 9/19 (ga) jambUdvIpaprajJapti, bharatacakravartI adhikAra, vakSaskAra 3 (gha) harivaMzapurANa, sarga 11 (Da) mAghanandI viracita zAstrasArasamuccaya, sUtra 18, pR. 54 79.sthAnAMgavRtti, patra 226 80.jambUdvIpaprajJapti, vakSaskAra 3 81. (ka) Avazyaniyukti 436 (kha) AvazyakacUrNi pR. 227 82.jaina sAhitya kA bRhad itihAsa, bhAga-3, pR. 289 83. vahI, bhAga-3, pR. 417

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saryaprajJApti-candraprajJApti : eka vivecanA DaoN. chaganalAla zAstrI sUryaprajJapti evaM candraprajJapti nAma se do Agama haiM, kintu inakI viSayavastu evaM pATha lagabhaga samAna hI haiN| ata: isa saMbaMdha meM vidvajjana UhApoha karate haiM ki AgamoM ke do nAma hone para bhI viSayavastu eka kisa prakAra hai? prophesara DaoN. chaganalAla zAstrI ne apane isa Alekha meM isa bindu ko uThAyA hai evaM samAdhAna prastuta karane kA prayAsa kiyA hai| ye donoM Agama graha, tArA, nakSatra, sUrya, candra Adi ke sAtha jyotiSka gaNita para bhI prakAza DAlate haiN| ina AgamoM kA pratipAdana Adhunika khagola-vijJAna se mela nahIM khAtA hai, tathApi isase AgamoM meM nihita khagolavijJAna kA mahattva kama nahIM hotA hai| sampAdaka sUryaprajJapti tathA candraprajJapti- ye donoM Agama upAMgoM ke antargata gRhIta haiN| ata: ina para carcA karane se pUrva yaha Avazyaka hai ki arddhamAgadhI jaina AgamoM se aMga evaM upAMga mUlaka vibhAjana para saMkSepa meM prakAza DAlA jaae| vidvAnoM dvArA zruta-puruSa kI kalpanA kI gii| jaise kisI puruSa kA zarIra aneka aMgoM kA samavAya hai, usI kI bhA~ti zruta puruSa ke bhI aMga kalpita kiye gye| kahA gayA "zruta puruSa ke bAraha aMga hote haiM- do caraNa, do jaMghAe~, do Uru, do gAtra zarIra ke Age kA bhAga tathA pIche kA bhAga, do bhujAe~, gardana va mastaka yoM kula milAkara 2+2+2+2+2+1+1=12 bAraha aMga hote haiN| inameM- zruta puruSa ke aMgoM meM jo praviSTa yA sanniviSTa haiM, vidyamAna haiM ve Agama zruta puruSa ke aMga rUpa meM abhihita hue haiM, aMga Agama haiN|" isa vyAkhyA ke anusAra nimnAMkita bAraha Agama zruta-puruSa ke aMga haiN| inake kAraNa Agama vAGmaya dvAdazAMgI kahA jAtA hai 1. AyAraMga (AcArAMga) 2. sUyagaDaMga (sUtrakRtAMga) 3. ThANAMga (sthAnAMga) 4. samavAyAMga 5. viyAhapaNNatti (vyAkhyAprajJapti athavA bhagavatI) 6. NAyAdhammakahAo (jJAtAdharmakathA athavA jJAtRdharmakathA) 7. uvAsagadasAo (upAsakadazA) 8. aMtagaDadasAo (antakRddazA) 9. aNuttarovavAiyadasAo (anuttaraupapAtika dazA) 10. paNhAvAgaraNAI (praznavyAkaraNa) 11. vivAgasuya (vipAka zruta) tathA 12. diTThivAya (dRssttivaad)| upAMga uparyukta vivecana se yaha spaSTa hai ki jina AgamoM ke saMdarbha meM zrotAoM kA, pAThakoM kA, tIrthakara prarUpita dharma dezanA ke sAtha gaNadhara grathita zAbdika mAdhyama dvArA sIdhA saMbaMdha banatA hai, ve aMgapraviSTa kahalAte haiN| unake atirikta Agama aMga bAhya kahe jAte haiN| yadyapi aMgabAhyoM meM varNita tathya aMgoM ke anurUpa hote haiM, viruddha nahIM hote, kintu pravAha paraMparayA ve tIrthaMkara bhASita se sIdhe sambaddha nahIM haiM, sthavirakRta haiN| ina aMgabAhyoM meM bAraha aise haiM,

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[ 302 jinavANI- jainAgama-sAhitya vizeSAGakA jinakI upAMga saMjJA hai| ve nimnAMkita haiM: 1. uvavAiya (aupapAtika) 2. rAyapaseNIya (rAjapraznIya) 3. jIvAjIvAbhigama 4. pannavaNA (prajJApanA) 5. jambUdvIvapannatti (jambUdvIpaprajJapti) 6. caMdapaNNatti (candraprajJapti) 7. sUriyapaNNatti (sUryaprajJapti) 8. nirayAvaliyA (nirayAvalikA) 9. kappavaDaMsiyA (kalpAvataMsikA) 10. puphiyA (puSpikA) 11. pupphacUlA (puSpacUlA) tathA 12. vaNhidasA (vRssnnidshaa)| pratyeka aMga kA eka upAMga hotA hai| aMga aura upAMga meM AnurUpya ho, yaha vAMchanIya hai| isake anusAra aMga-AgamoM tathA upAMga-AgamoM meM viSaya sAdRzya honA caahie| upAMga eka prakAra se aMgoM ke pUraka hone caahie| kintu aMgoM evaM upAMgoM kA tulanAtmaka adhyayana karane para yaha pratIta hotA hai ki aisI sthiti nahIM hai| unameM viSaya vastu ke vivecana, vizleSaNa Adi kI paraspara saMgati nahIM hai| udAharaNArtha AcArAMga prathama aMga hai| aupapAtika prathama upAMga hai| aMgopAMgAtmaka dRSTi se yaha apekSita hai ki viSayAkalana, tattva-pratipAdana Adi ke rUpa meM unameM sAmya ho, aupapAtika AcArAMga kA pUraka ho, kintu aisA nahIM hai| yahI sthiti lagabhaga pratyeka aMga evaM upAMga ke bIca hai| yoM upAMga parikalpanA meM tattvataH vaisA koI AdhAra prApta nahIM hotA, jisase isakA sArthakya phalita ho| veda : aMga-upAMga tulanAtmaka samIkSA kI dRSTi se vicAra kiyA jAe to vaidika paraMparA meM bhI aMga, upAMga Adi ke ullekha prApta hote haiN| vedoM ke rahasya, Azaya, tadgata tattva-darzana Adi ko samyak svAyatta karane, abhijJAta karane kI dRSTi se vahA~ aMgoM evaM upAMgoM kA upapAdana hai| veda-puruSa kI kalpanA kI gaI hai| kahA gayA hai "chanda veda ke pAda-caraNa yA paira haiN| kalpa-yAjJika vidhi-vidhAnoM evaM prayogoM ke pratipAdaka grantha unake hAtha haiM, jyotiSa netra haiM, nirukta-vyutpatti zAstra, zrotra-kAna haiM, zikSA-vaidika maMtroM ke zuddha uccAraNa, udAtta-anudAtta svarita ke rUpa meM svara prayoga, sandhi-prayoga Adi ke nirUpaka grantha ghrANa-nAsikA haiM, vyAkaraNa inakA mukha hai| aMga sahita vedoM kA adhyayana karane se adhyetA brahmaloka meM mahimAnvita hotA hai|" kahane kA abhiprAya yaha hai ki ina viSayoM ke samyak adhyayana ke binA vedoM kA artha, rahasya, Azaya adhigata nahIM ho sktaa|| yahA~ yaha jJApya hai ki jaina AgamoM aura vedoM ke sandarbha meM prayukta 'aMga' pada kevala zAbdika kalevara gata sAmya liye hue hai, tattvata: donoM kA

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sUryaprajJapti candraprajJapti: eka vivecana 303 Azaya bhinna hai| AgamoM ke sAtha saMlagna 'aMga' pada tadgata viSayoM se sambaddha hai, jabaki vedoM ke sAtha saMpRkta 'aMga' pada vedagata viSayoM ke prakaTIkaraNa, spaSTIkaraNa athavA vizadIkaraNa ke sAdhanabhUta zAstroM kA sUcaka hai| vedoM ke vivecya viSayoM ko vizeSa spaSTa evaM sugama karane hetu aMgoM ke sAtha-sAtha unake upAMgoM kI bhI kalpanA kI gii| purANa, nyAya, mImAMsA tathA dharma zAstroM kA vedoM ke upAMgoM ke rUpa meM svIkaraNa huaa| upaveda vaidika paramparA meM Rgveda, yajurveda, sAmaveda tathA atharvaveda-ina cAroM vedoM ke samakakSa cAra upaveda bhI svIkAra kiye gaye haiN| ve kramaza: (1) Ayurveda, (2) dhanurveda - Ayudha vidyA, (3) gAndharva veda - saMgIta zAstra evaM (4) arthazAstra - rAjanIti vijJAna ke rUpa meM haiN| viSaya - sAmya kI dRSTi se vedoM aura upavedoM para yadi cintana kiyA jAe to sAmaveda ke sAtha to gAndharva veda kI yat kiMcita saMgati siddha hotI hai, kintu Rgveda ke sAtha Ayurveda, yajurveda ke sAtha dhanurveda tathA atharvaveda ke sAtha arthazAstra kI koI aisI saMgati nahIM pratIta hotI, jisase isa 'upa' upasarga se gamyamAna sAmIpya siddha ho sake / dUrAnvita sAyujya sthApanA kA prayAsa, jo yatra tatra kiyA jAtA rahA hai, kevala kaSTa kalpanA hai / kalpanA ke lie kevala itanA hI avakAza hai ki Ayurveda, dhanurveda tathA arthazAstra kA Rgveda, yajurveda aura atharvaveda ke sAtha saMbaMdha jor3ane meM mahimAMkana mAnate hue aisA kiyA gayA ho tAki veda saMpRkta samAdara evaM zraddhA ke ye bhI kucha bhAgI bana skeN| jaina manISiyoM kA bhI syAt kucha isI prakAra kA jhukAva banA ho, jisase vedoM ke sAtha upavedoM kI taraha unako aMgoM ke sAtha upAMgoM kI parikalpanA sUjhI ho / kalpanA sauSThava yA sajjA - vaiziSTya to isameM hai, para jaina upAMga Aja jisa svarUpa meM upalabdha haiM, unameM viSayagata sAmIpya kI apekSA se tathyAtmakatA kahAM taka hai, yaha sarvathA spaSTa hai| hA~, itanA avazya hai, sthavirakRta aMga bAhyoM meM se ina bAraha ko 'upAMga' zreNI meM le liye jAne se auroM kI apekSA inakA mahattva samajhA jAtA hai| aba lekha ke mUla viSaya sUryaprajJapti evaM candraprajJapti ke saMbaMdha meM samAlocanAtmaka evaM samIkSAtmaka dRSTi se UhApoha kiyA jAnA apekSita hai| candraprajJapti candraprajJapti chaThe upAMga ke rUpa meM svIkRta hai| isameM candra evaM sUrya ke AkAra, teja, gatikrama, udaya, asta Adi vividha viSayoM kA vistRta varNana hai| sAtha hI sAtha anya grahoM ke saMbaMdha meM bhI AnuSaMgika rUpa meM vizada vivecana hai|

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jinavANI- jainAgama-sAhitya vizeSAGka yaha bIsa prAbhRtoM meM vibhakta hai / prAbhRta kA artha upahAra yA bheMTa hai| prazastArthakatA ke bhAva se isakA yahAM khaNDa yA adhyAya ke artha meM prayoga huA hai| 304 candra prajJapti kA prAraMbha nimnAMkita aThAraha gAthAoM se hotA haijayai nava- Nali - kuvalaya - vigasiya-sayavatthapatala - dalattho / nIro gayaMdamayaMgala-salaliya gayavikkamo bhayavaM / / 1 / / namiUNa asura - sura- garula-bhuyaMga-parivaMdie gayakilese / arihe siddhAyarie uvajjhAe savvasAhU NaM / 12 / / phuDaviyaDaM pAgaDatthaM vutthaM puvvasuya-sAraNIsaMda | sumagaNiNovaiTTha- joisagaNarAyapaNNatte / 3 / / NAmeNa iMdabhuitti goyamo vaMdiUNa tiviheNaM / pucchai jiNavaravasahaM, joisa - gaNarAya - paNNattiM / / 4 / / kai maMDalAI vaccati, tiricchA kiMvA ecchaMti / omAsIta, kevaiyaM seyAe, kiMti saMThiti / 15 | | kahiM paDihayA lesA, kahiM teuya saMThiti / kiM sUriyA carayaMti, kahaM te udayaM saMThiti / 16 || kaI kaTha porasIcchAyA, jo etti kiM te Ahie / ke te saMvaccharANAi. kai saMvaccharAI ya / 7 / / kahaM caMdamaso vuDDhI, kayA te dosiNA bahuM / keI sigghagati vRtte, kiMte dosiNa lakkhaNaM / / 8 / / cayaNovavAyaM uccataM, sUriyA kati AhiyA / aNubhAve ke rise kutte, evametANi vIsati | 19 || vaDDhovaDDhI muhuttANaM, addhamaMDalasaMThii / kiM te ciNNaM paricaraMti, aMtaraM kiM caraMti ya / / 10 / / uggahati kevatiyaM, kevatiyaM ca vikappati / maMDalANa ya saMThANaM, vikkhaMbha - aTTapAhuDA | 11 || chappaM ca ya sattevaya, aTThaya tinni ya havaMti paDivattI / paDhamassa pAhuDassa, ohavaMti eyAo paDivattI / / 12 / / paDivattIo udae, taha atthimaNesu ya / bheyagghA kaNNakalA. muhuttANa gati tiyA / / 13 | | nikkhabhamANe sigghagatI, pavisaMte maMdagati tIya / culasIya sayaM purisANa, tesi ca paDivattIo / / 14 / / udayammi aTThabhaNiyA, bheyagdhAe duveya paDivattI / cattAri muhuttagatI, hoti vIyaMmi paDivattI / | 15 || Avaliyamuttagge, evaM bhAgAya jogassa / kulAya puNNimAsI ya, saNNIvAe ya saMThiti / / 16 || tAragAvaNNeyAya, caMdamaggati yAvare / devAya ajjhaNA, muhuttANaM NAmadheyAiM / / 17 || divasa - rAI yavuttA, tihiM guttA moyaNANi ya / Aicca cAra mAsAya, paMcasaMvaccharAti ya / / 18 / / ina gAthAoM ke antargata prathama gAthA, jo maMgalAcaraNa rUpa hai, meM

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sUryaprajJapti-candraprajJapti : eka vivecana 305 "jayai'' (jayati) zabda dvArA bhagavAn mahAvIra kI sarvotkRSTatA khyApita karate hue unake prati bhakti prakaTa kI gaI hai| dUsarI gAthA meM arhat, siddha, AcArya, upAdhyAya evaM samagra sAdhuoM ko vandana kiyA gayA hai| tIsarI gAthA meM candraprajJapti sUtra kA nAma saMketa kiyA hai| use pUrvazruta se sAra rUpa meM uddhRta batalAyA hai| cauthI gAthA meM bhagavAn mahAvIra ke pramukha antevAsI gaNadhara indrabhUti gautama dvArA bhagavAna mahAvIra ke samakSa jijJAsu bhAva se pRcchA kI gaI hai, jisake samAdhAna meM bhagavAna dvArA prastuta Agamagata samasta viSayoM ke vivecana kiye jAne kA saMketa hai| yahA~ "pucchai joisagaNarAya paNNattiM'' vAkya meM "joisagaNarAya'' pada candra kA bodhaka hai| pannatti prajJapti kA prAkRta rUpa hai| isakA Azaya yaha hai ki candraprajJapti ke viSaya meM gautama bhagavAn se prazna karate haiN| ina gAthAoM ke pazcAt nimnAMkita rUpa meM prastuta Agama kA prAraMbha hotA hai ___"teNaM kAleNaM teNaM samaeNaM mihilAe NAAmaM NayarIe hotthA, vnnnno| tIse NaM mihilAe NAmaM NayarIe bahiyA uttara puratthime disIbhAe etthaNaM maNibhadaM nAmaM ceIe hotthA, ciraaie-vnnnno| tIse NaM mihilAe NayarIe jiyasattU nAmaM rAyA, dhAriNidevI, vnnnno| teNaM kAleNaM teNaM samaeNaM sAmI samosaDhe, parisA NiggayA, dhammo kahio, parisA pddigyaa||'' anyAnya AgamoM kI zailI meM yahA~ mithilA nagarI, maNibhadra caitya, jitazatru rAjA, dhAriNI rAnI Adi kA tathA bhagavAna mahAvIra ke vahAM padArpaNa kA evaM bhagavAna dvArA dharma pariSad ko saMbodhita karane kA saMketa hai| Age bhagavAna mahAvIra ke pramukha gaNadhara indrabhUti gautama dvArA kiye gaye prazna aura bha. mahAvIra dvArA kiye gaye samAdhAna kA AkhyAna hai| yaha pahale se bIsaveM prAbhata taka calatA hai| bIsaveM prAbhRta ke anta meM cha: gAthAoM ke sAtha prastuta Agama kA parisamApana hotA hai| gAthAe~ nimnAMkita haiM "iti esa pAgaDacchA, abhavvajaNa hiyaya dullahA hoi nnmo| ukkatiyA bhagavatI, jotissa rAyassa pnnnntti||1|| esa gahiya visatIthaddhe, gaarviymaanniipddinniie| abahussue na deyA, tabbIvarie bhave devaa||2|| saddhAdhii uTThANucchAha kmmblviiriepuriskkaarehiN| jo sikkhi uvasaMto, abhAyaNe pkkhivejjaahi||3|| so pavayaNa kula-gaNa-saMgha-bahiro, naann-vinny-prihiinno| arihaM thera gaNahara mai kira hoMti vaalinno||4|| tamho dhiti uTThANucchAha-kammabalavIriyasikkhiyanANaM /

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1306 jinavANI- jainAgama-sAhitya vizeSAGka dhAreyavva NiyamA, Na ya aviNIesu dAyavvaM / / 5 / / vIravarassa bhagavao, jara-mara-kilesa dosrhiyss| vaMdAmi viNayapaNNatto, sokkhaM pAi saMpAe / / 6 || pahalI pAMca gAthAoM meM isa Agama ke adhyayana ke lie yogya, ayogya pAtroM kI carcA kI gaI hai| kahA gayA hai ki candraprajJapti sUtra atyanta gUDha artha yukta hai| abhavya, ayogya janoM ke lie yaha durlabha hai| jinheM jAti, kula Adi kA mada ho, jo sat siddhAntoM ke pratyanIka virodhI hoM, jo bahuzruta nahIM, jo guru mukha ke binA svayaM par3ha lete hoM, bAhya RddhiyA~ prApta kara lete hoM, phalasvarUpa jo naraka Adi gatiyAM prApta karane vAle hoM, aise janoM ko isakA jJAna nahIM denA caahie| aise anadhikArI, apAtra janoM ko jo sAdhu isakA jJAna detA hai, vaha pravacana, kula, gaNa evaM saMgha se bahirbhUta hotA hai| jo jina pravacana meM zraddhAzIla hoM, samyaktvI hoM, dhRti, utthAna, utsAha, karma, bala evaM vIrya AtmaparAkrama yukta hote hue jJAna grahaNa karate hoM, ve hI isake adhyayana ke lie yogya pAtra haiN| - chaThI gAthA meM jarA, maraNa, kleza, doSAdi varjana tathA nirAbAdha, zAzvata mokSa-sukhAdhigama mUlaka vizeSatAoM kA varNana karate hue bhagavAn. mahAvIra ko vandana kiyA gayA hai| anta meM "iti caMdapaNNattIe vIsamaM pAhaDaM sammattaM' arthAt candraprajJapti kA kA bIsavA~ prAbhRta samApta huaa| isa vAkya ke sAtha isa Agama kA samApana hotA hai| yaha candraprajJapti sUtra ke kalevara kA vivecana hai|' jise yahAM upasthApita karane kA eka vizeSa prayojana hai, jo isa lekha meM Age-sUryaprajJapti ke vizleSaNa meM svata: spaSTa ho jaayegaa| sUrya prajJapti ". sUryaprajJapti sAtaveM upAMga ke rUpa meM svIkRta hai| sUryaprajJapti aura candraprajJapti ke saMbaMdha meM eka bahuta bar3I samasyA hai, jisakA vidvajjagat meM aba taka samAdhAna ho nahIM pAyA hai| vartamAna meM sUryaprajJapti ke nAma se jo Agama upalabdha hai, usakA samagra pATha candraprajJapti ke sadRza hai| sabase pahale san 1920 meM parama pUjya sva. zrI amolakaRSi jI ma. sA. dvArA kRta hindI anuvAda ke sAtha sikandrAbAda meM battIsoM AgamoM kA prakAzana huaa| vahA~ sUryaprajJapti aura candraprajJapti donoM Agama do alaga-alaga pustakoM ke rUpa meM chape haiN| viSayAnukrama evaM pATha donoM ke eka samAna haiN| jaba eka hI pATha haiM to phira inheM do AgamoM ke rUpa meM kyoM mAnA jAtA rahA hai| isa saMbaMdha meM aba taka koI Thosa AdhAra prApta ho nahIM sakA hai| donoM ke saMdarbha meM yahAM kucha vizleSaNa karanA apekSita hai| candraprajJapti

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| sUryaprajJapti-candraprajJapti : eka vivecana masAlA 3071 ke prAraMbha meM jo aThAraha gAthAe~ AI haiM, sUryaprajJapti meM ve nahIM haiN| vahA~ "teNaM kAleNaM teNaM samaeNaM mihilAe NAmaM NayarIe hotthA'' ityAdi ThIka unhIM vAkyoM ke sAtha pATha prAraMbha hotA hai aura anta taka avikala rUpa meM vaisA hI pATha calatA hai, jaisA candraprajJapti meM hai| isake prathama prAbhRta ke antargata ATha antara prAbhRta haiN| pahale antara prAbhRta kI samApti para "sUriyapaNNattIe paDhama pAhuDaM sammattaM aisA ullekha hai| dUsare antara prAbhRta ke anta meM 'sUriya paNNattissa paDhamasya bIyaM pAhuDaM samattaM'' pATha hai| Age isI prakAra AThaveM antara prAbhRta taka ullekha hai| pahale antara prAbhRta meM 'sUriyapaNNatti' ke SaSThI vibhakti ke rUpa meM 'sUriyapaNNattIe' AyA hai, jabaki dUsare se AThaveM antara prAbhRta taka "sUriyapaNNattissa'' kA prayoga huA hai| tIsare, cauthe aura pAMcave prAbhRta ke aMta meM 'tatiyaM' 'cautthaM' evaM 'paMcamaM' pAhaDaM samattaM-aisA ullekha hai| bar3A Azcarya hai, chaThe prAbhRta ke aMta meM "caMdapaNNattissa chaTuM pAhuDaM sammattaM'' tathA sAtaveM prAbhRta ke anta meM "caMdapaNNattIe sattamaM pAhuDaM sammattaM'' aisA ullekha hai| AThaveM aura nauveM prAbhRta ke anta meM sUrya prajJapti kA nAmollekha hai| dasaveM se unnIsaveM prAbhRta taka kevala pAhur3oM kI saMkhyA kA sUcana kiyA gayA hai| bIsaveM prAbhRta ke anta meM vahI cha: gAthAe~ sUryaprajJapti meM haiM, jo candraprajJapti meM haiN| Agama sUryaprajJapti ke nAma se cala rahA hai aura ina gAthAoM ke pazcAt "iti caMdapaNNattIe vIsamaM pAhuDaM sammattaM'' aisA likhA hai| uparyukta vivecana se jo visagatiyA~ prakaTa hotI haiM, una para vicAra karanA apekSita hai| tathyAtmaka gaveSaNopakrama prAkRta mere adhyayana kA mukhya viSaya rahA hai| deza ke sarvAgraNI prAkRta- vidvAn, SaTkhaNDAgama ke yazasvI saMpAdaka, nAgapura evaM jabalapura vizvavidyAlaya ke saMskRta, prAkRta evaM pAli vibhAga ke adhyakSa, tatpazcAt prAkRta jaina risarca insTITyUTa, vaizAlI ke nidezaka DaoN. eca. ela. jaina se mujhe anavarata do varSa paryanta prAkRta par3hane kA saubhAgya prApta huaa| kolhApura vizvavidyAlaya evaM maisUra vizvavidyAlaya ke prAkRta jainolojI vibhAga ke adhyakSa, prAkRta ke mahAn vidvAna DaoN. e.ena. upAdhye ke saMparka meM rahane kA suavasara bhI prApta huA, vaizAlI meM maiM prophesara bhI rhaa| Age suprasiddha vidvAn prophesara dalasukhabhAI mAlavaNiyA Adi kA sAhacarya mujhe prApta hotA rhaa| prAkRta se saMbaddha vividhaviSayoM, vivAdAspada pakSoM para carcAe~ hotI rhtii|

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1308 - jinavANI- jainAgama-sAhitya vizeSAGka | sUryaprajJapti candraprajJapti kA vivAdAspada prasaMga bhI unameM thaa| deza ke aneka anya jaina vidvAnoM, muniyoM evaM AcAryoM ke samakSa bhI maiMne sUryaprajJapti tathA candraprajJapti se jur3I samasyA upasthApita kI, kintu adyAvadhi vaha samAhita nahIM ho paaii| isa saMbaMdha meM yahAM eka prasaMga kA aura ullekha karanA caahuuNgaa| vikrama saMvat 2031, saradArazahara (rAja.) meM, jo merA janma sthAna hai, sAdhumArgI jaina saMgha ke adhinAyaka svanAma dhanya, vidvanmUrdhanya aSTama AcArya zrI nAnAlAla jI ma.sA. kA cAturmAsika pravAsa thaa| taba samaya samaya para unake samparka meM Ane tathA aneka tAttvika evaM Agamika viSayoM para carcA-vArtA, vicAra-vimarza karane kA mujhe saubhAgya prApta hotA rahA thaa| maiMne AcAryapravara ke samakSa sUryaprajJapti evaM candraprajJapti viSayaka prazna bhI rakhA, jaba donoM ke pATha sarvathA aikya liye hue haiM, phira inheM do Agama svIkAra karane kI mAnyatA kaise sthApita huI? AcAryapravara kA saMbhavata: candraprajJapti sUtra ke anta meM AI huI cha: gAthAoM meM se, jo vartamAna meM upalabdha sUryaprajJapti meM yathAvat rUpa meM haiM, usa gAthA kI ora dhyAna rahA ho, jisameM yaha kahA gayA hai ki yaha Agama ati gUDhArtha liye hue hai, kisI ayogya anadhikArI vyakti ko isakA jJAna nahIM diyA jAnA cAhie, isIlie AcAryapravara ne isa saMdarbha meM eka saMbhAvanA kA pratipAdana kiyaa| unhoMne pharamAyA- donoM AgamoM kI zabdAvalI eka hote hue bhI zabdoM kI vividhArthakatA ke kAraNa donoM ke artha bhinna rahe hoN| gUDhatA ke kAraNa rahasyabhUta bhinna artha kinhIM bahuzruta, marmajJa AcAryoM yA vidyAniSNAta muniyoM ko hI parijJAta rahe hoN| gUDhArthakatA, rahasyAtmakatA ke kAraNa ve vijJa manISI hI kinhIM yogya pAtroM ko inakA artha bodha dete rahe hoM, Age calakara sAdhAraNa pAThakoM, adhyetAoM ke jJAna kI sImA se dUravartI hone se pATha-sAdRzya ke kAraNa logoM meM inake eka hone kI zaMkA banI ho| ukta AdhAra para donoM ko do bhinna-bhinna AgamoM ke rUpa meM mAnA jAnA saMbhAvita hai| yaha eka mananIya cintana hai| ___ yahAM eka bAta aura vicAraNIya hai, zabdoM ke artha vaividhya ke sUcaka anekAneka koza-grantha vidyamAna haiM, jo zabdoM ke sAmAnya, asAmAnya-gUr3ha, donoM hI prakAra ke arthoM kA bodha karAte haiM, kintu sUryaprajJapti evaM candraprajJapti viSayaka una gUDha arthoM ko, jinheM tajJa viziSTa vidvAna hI jJApita kara pAte the, avagata karane meM Aja nairAzya Acchanna hai| eka saMbhAvya saMyoga prastuta viSaya para merA vicAra manthana calatA rhaa| maiM samajhatA hU~ sUrya- prajJapti ni:sandeha eka pRthak svatantra Agama rahA ho| yadi vaisA nahIM hotA to saptama upAMga ke rUpa meM vaha kyoM gRhIta hotaa| jaisA pahale kahA

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| sUryaprajJapti-candraprajJapti : eka vivecana / 4309 gayA, saMbhavata: kAla-krama se vaha lupta ho gayA ho| lupta ho jAne ke pazcAt aisA ghaTita huA ho- hastalikhita pAMDulipiyoM kA koI vizAla grantha bhaMDAra rahA ho, jaina Agama, zAstra evaM anekAneka viSayoM ke grantha usameM saMgRhIta hoM, granthapAla yA pustakAdhyakSa kabhI AgamoM kA paryavekSaNa kara rahA ho, unheM yathAvat rUpa meM vyavasthita kara rahA ho| jaisA ki Ama taura para hotA hai, vaha sAmAnya par3hA likhA ho, AgamoM ke aMga, upAMga, bheda, prabheda, ityAdi ke viSaya meM koI vizeSa jAnakArI use na rahI ho| aMgoM ke anantara upAMgoM kI dekhabhAla karate samaya yathAkrama chaThA upAMga candraprajJapti sUtra usake hAtha meM AyA ho, isa sUtra kI vahA~ do pratiyA~ rahI hoM, pahalI prati nAmayukta mukhapRSTha, maMgalAcaraNa Adi sahita ho, usI Agama kI dUsarI prati meM mukha pRSTha evaM maMgalAcaraNa tathA viSayasUcaka aThAraha gAthAoM vAlA pRSTha vidyamAna na rahA ho| usa prati ke pazcAt sIdhe usake hAtha meM AThaveM upAMga nirayAvalikA kI prati AI ho, candraprajJapti kI dUsarI prati ko, jisameM mukhapRSTha aura prAraMbha kA maMgalAcaraNa AdivAlA pRSTha na hokara sIdhA pATha kA prAraMbha ho, AgamoM ke kalevara, viSaya-vastu Adi kA paricaya na hone se granthapAla ne sAtavA~ upAMga sUryaprajJapti samajha liyA ho aura usa prati ke Upara dUsarA kAgaja lagAkara usa para sUryaprajJapti nAma likha diyA ho, kyoMki zAyada usane samajhA ho ki jaba upAMga bAraha haiM, usI krama meM unameM yaha binA nAma kI prati hai to chaThe aura AThaveM upAMga ke bIca yaha sAtavAM upAMga hI honA caahie| ajJatA ke kAraNa isa prakAra kI bhUla honA asaMbhava nahIM hai| / Age calakara usI prati ko Adarza mAnakara usakI pratilipiyA~ hotI rahI hoM, kramaza: yaha bhAvanA saMskAragata hotI rahI ho ki yahI sAtavA~ upAMga sUryaprajJapti sUtra hai| jaba uttaravartI kAla meM vidvAnoM kA dhyAna pATha kI ora gayA ho, taba saMbhava hai, unake mana meM aisI zaMkA uThI ho ki eka hI pATha aura nAma se do pRthak pRthak Agama, yaha kaise? kintu jo paraMparA cala par3I, baddhamUla ho gaI, use nakAranA unake lie kaThina huA ho, phalata: use jyoM kA tyoM calane diyA jAtA rahA ho| kisI tajJa puruSa dvArA candraprajJapti kI isa dUsarI prati para sAtaveM upAMga sUryaprajJapti ke rUpa meM saMgata banAne hetu katipaya pAhur3oM kI samApti para candraprajJapti ke badale sUryaprajJapti zabda kA ullekha kara diyA gayA ho| saMgati biThAne kA yaha kalpanAprasUta krama jaisA pUrvakRta vivecana se spaSTa hai, sabhI pAhur3oM ke aMta meM nahIM calatA, jisase visaMgati aura adhika vRddhigata ho jAtI hai| astu-sArarUpa meM yahI kathanIya hai ki sUryaprajJapti tathA candraprajJapti kI vivAdAspaTatA kA samAdhAna aba taka to yathArthata : prApta ho nahIM sakA hai,

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310 jinavANI- jainAgama-sAhitya vizeSAGka kalpanopakrama hI gatizIla rahe haiM, jinakA prAmANya sandigdhatA se pare nahIM hotA / prAkRta vidyA evaM Arhata zruta kSetra ke prabuddha, utsAhI, antaHsparzI prajJA ke dhanI manISI prAcIna evaM arvAcIna vAGmaya ke Aloka meM samAdhAna khojane kA avizrAnta prayAsa kareM, yaha vAMchita hai / mahAkavi bhavabhUti ke zabdoM meM 1. 2. 3. 4. "saMpatsyate mama tu ko'pi samAnadharmA, kAlo hyayaM niravadhi rvipulA ca pRthvI / / " " samAdhAna prApta karane kI dizA meM sadA AzAvAna rahanA hI caahie| saMdarbha iha puruSasya dvAdaza aMgAni bhavanti, tadyathA dvau pAdau dve jaMghe, dve aruNI, dve gAtrArddhe, dvau bAhU, grIvA, zirazca / evaM zrutapuruSasyApi paramapuruSasyAcArAdIni dvAdazAMgAni krameNa veditavyAni tathA coktam pAyadugaM jaMghorU, gAyadugaddhaM tu doya bAhU ya / gIvA siraM ca puriso, bArasa aMgesu ya paviTTho // zrutapuruSasyAMgeSu praviSTm - aMgapraviSTam / aMgabhAvena vyavasthite zrutabheda chandaH pAdau tu vedasya, hastau kalpo'tha paThyate / jyotiSAmayanaM cakSuH, niruktaM zrotramucyate / / zikSA ghrANaM tu vedasya, mukhaM vyAkaraNaM smRtam / / / abhidhAna rAjendra koSa bhAga 1, pRSTha 38 tasmAt sAMgamadhItyaiva, brahmaloke mahIyate / / pANinIya zikSA, 41-42 purANa -- nyAya mImAMsA - dharmazAstrAMga mizritAH / smRti 1.3 vedA: sthAnAni vidyAnAM dharmasya ca caturdaza // yAjJavalkya, uttararAmacaritam, prastAvanA - zAradA pustaka mandira, saradArazahara - 331403, jilA- curU (rAja.)

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hinazyAvalikA Adi sUtratraya zrI dharmacanda jaina apane pApakarmoM ke kAraNa naraka meM jAne vAle jIvoM kA varNana nirayAvalikA meM kiyA gayA hai| isameM 5 upAMga haiM, jinameM se prathama 3 kalpikA (nirayAvaliyA), kalpAvataMsikA evaM puSpikA kA paricaya isa Alekha meM AdhyAtmika zikSaNa borDa ke rajisTrAra evaM tattvajJa zrI dharmacanda jI dvArA diyA gayA hai| -sampAdaka jaina dharma meM Agama aMgapraviSTa aura aMgabAhya ke bheda se do prakAra ke haiN| tIrthakaroM se artha rUpa upadeza sunakara gaNadhara jinheM sUtra rUpa meM grathita karate haiM, unheM aMgapraviSTa Agama kahate haiN| bhagavAna ke upadeza ke AdhAra para bAda ke AcAryoM ne jina AgamoM kI racanA kI, unheM aMgabAhya Agama kahate haiN| sabhI upAMga aMga bAhya kahalAte haiN| unameM eka upAMga hai- nirayAvalikA suutr| nAma isa Agama meM naraka meM jAne vAle jIvoM kA paMktibaddha varNana hone se ise 'nirayAvalikA' kahate haiN| isameM pA~ca upAMga samAviSTa haiM1. nirayAvalikA athavA kalpikA 2. kalpAvataMsikA 3. puSpikA 4. puSpacUlikA aura 5. vRSNidazA paricaya nirayAvalikA sUtra meM eka zrutaskandha, bAvana adhyayana, pA~ca varga aura 1100 zloka pramANa mUla pATha hai| isake prathama varga meM dasa adhyayanoM meM kAla, sukAla, mahAkAla, kRSNa, sRkRSNa, mahAkRSNa, vIrakRSNa, rAmakRSNa, pitRsenakRSNa aura mahAsenakRSNa kA jIvana caritra varNita hai| nirayAvalikA (kalpikA) prathama varga meM magadha deza ke samrATa zreNika ke dasa putroM kA naraka meM jAne kA varNana kiyA gayA hai| zreNika kI mahArAnI celanA se kUNika kA janma huaa| kUNika rAjya lipsA kA icchuka banakara apane laghu bhrAtA kAla, sukAla kumAra Adi ke sahayoga se apane pitA ko bandIgRha meM DAla detA hai tathA svayaM rAjA banakara jaba mAtA ke caraNa vandana ko jAtA hai to mAtA mu~ha phera letI hai tathA kaNika se kahatI hai ki tumhAre pitA tumheM kitanA adhika cAhate the| garbha avasthA ke dohada kI ghaTanA tathA utpanna hone ke bAda ukarar3I meM phaiMkane, murge dvArA aMgulI nauMca denA, mavAda nikalanA, mavAda ko mu~ha meM cUsate-cUsate bAhara nikAlanA, tumheM sukha upajAnA Adi kI sArI ghaTanA vistAra se batalAtI hai| ghaTanA sunakara kUNika apane pitA ke bandhana kATane hetu kulhAr3I hAtha meM liye kArAgRha kI ora jAtA hai, kintu usake pitA zreNika socate haiM ki aba yaha mujhe na jAne kisa taraha tar3aphA-taDaphA kara

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312 * jinavANI- jainAgama-sAhitya vizeSAGka mAregA, aisA socakara vaha svayaM kAlakUTa viSa jo ki mudrikA meM thA, use khAkara apane prANoM kA aMta kara lete haiN| kUNika apanI rAjadhAnI rAjagRha se badalakara campAnagarI kara lete haiM, vahA~ para bhagavAna mahAvIra kA padArpaNa hotA hai tathA rAjA zreNika kI rAniyA~ evaM kUNika kI choTI mAtAe~ apane putra kAla, sukAla Adi kumAroM kA yuddha meM prANAnta ho jAne ke samAcAra bha. mahAvIra ke zrImukha se sunatI haiM, tathA saMsAra kI asAratA evaM kSaNabhaMguratA ko jAnakara ve mAtAe~ dIkSita ho jAtI haiN| karmoM ko kATakara mukta ho jAtI haiM, ina saba bAtoM kA bahuta hI mArmika DhaMga se sarala bhASA meM vivaraNa prathama varga meM prastuta kiyA gayA hai| rAjA zreNika ke chattIsa putra hone kA jaina sAhitya meM ullekha milatA hai| unameM se jAlI, mayAlI, uvayAlI, purisaseNa, vAriseNa Adi 23 rAjakumAroM ke sAtha meghakumAra aura nandIsena ne bhI zramaNa dIkSA aMgIkAra kI / gyAraha rAjakumAroM ne sAdhanA patha svIkAra nahIM kiyA aura ve mRtyu ko prApta kara naraka meM utpanna hue / mahAzilA kaNTaka saMgrAma nirayAvalikA ke prathama varga meM mahAzilA kaNTaka saMgrAma nAmaka yuddha kA bhI vistAra se varNana kiyA gayA hai| pitA kI mRtyR ke pazcAt kUNika campAnagarI kA rAjA bana gyaa| apane laghu bhrAtA halla - vehalla kumAra ko secanaka hAthI aura aThArahasarA hAra rAjA zreNika ne hI de diye the, jinakI kImata Adhe rAjya ke barAbara mAnI jAtI thii| donoM bhAI hAthI aura hAra se AnandakrIr3A kA anubhava kara rahe the| isake anantara kUNika kI mahArAnI padmAvatI ke mana meM IrSyA va lobha jAganA, kUNika ko hAra - hAthI lene ke liye bAra-bAra prerita karanA, halla - vehalla kumAra kA Dara ke mAre apane nAnA ceTaka kI zaraNa meM jAnA, kUNika dvArA yuddha kI cetAvanI denA, ceTaka dvArA zaraNAgata kI rakSA evaM nyAya kI rakSA karane kI pratijJA doharAnA, antima pariNAma mahAzilA kaNTaka saMgrAma honA, isa yuddha meM kUNika ke dasoM laghu bhrAtA kAla kumAra, sukAla kumAra Adi kA mahArAjA ceTaka ke acUka bANoM se prANAnta hokara cauthI naraka meM gamana karanA, vahA~ se Ayu pUrNa kara mahAvideha kSetra meM janma lekara mokSa meM jAne kA varNana kiyA gayA hai| kalpAvataMsikA (kappavaDaMsiyA) isa sUtra meM rAjA zreNika ke dasa pautroM athavA kAla, sukAla kumAra Adi dasa rAjakumAroM ke dasa putroM kA varNana kiyA gayA hai| isa sUtra meM aise dasa rAjakumAroM kA varNana hai jo kalpa devalokoM meM jAkara utpanna hue, isI kAraNa isa sUtra kA nAma kalpa + avataMsikA = kalpAvataMsikA rakhA gayA hai| isa upAMga meM kula dasa adhyayanoM meM padma, mahApadma, bhadra, subhadra, padmabhadra, padmasena, padmagulma, nalinIgulma, Ananda aura nandana ina dasa

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nisyAvalikA Adi sUtratraya 313 ugra rAjakumAroM kA jIvana caritra varNita kiyA gayA hai| ye dasoM hI rAjakumAra zramaNa bhagavAna mahAvIra svAmI ke amRtamaya pravacana ko sunate haiM, saMsAra ke bhogoM se udAsIna bana sAdhu bana jAte haiN| aMga - sAhitya kA adhyayana kara, tapa karate hue jIvana kA antima samaya nikaTa jAna kara, saMthArA-saMlekhanA pUrvaka samAdhi maraNa ko prApta kara saudharmAdi devalokoM meM deva rUpa me utpanna ho jAte haiN| ye sabhI rAjakumAra devaloka se Aya pUrNa kara mahAvideha kSetra meM manuSya ke rUpa meM janma leMge tathA dIkSita hokara sabhI karmoM kA kSaya kara siddha - buddha - mukta hoNge| isa prakAra isa kalpAvataMsikA upAMga meM mahAvratoM ke pAlana se Atmazuddhi kI prakriyA batalAyI hai| jahA~ dasa rAjakumAroM ke pitA kaSAya ke. vazIbhUta hokara cauthI naraka meM jAte haiM vahIM ye rAjakumAra ratnatraya dharma kI samyag ArAdhanA karake devalokoM meM utpanna hote haiN| sAdhanA se mAnava mahAmAnava bana sakatA hai tathA virAdhanA se naraka ke duHkhoM kA bhoktA bhI bana sakatA hai, yaha preraNA isa upAMga se prApta kI jA sakatI hai| pRSpikA (puphiyA) yaha nirayAvalikA kA tIsarA upAMga hai| isameM candra, sUrya, zukra, bahuputrika, pUrNabhadra, maNibhadra, datta, ziva, bala aura anAdRta ye dasa adhyayana / prathama adhyayana meM bha0 mahAvIra kA rAjagRha meM padArpaNa, candra deva kA darzana hetu Agamana, vividha nATyoM kA pradarzana, gaNadhara gautama dvArA jijJAsA, bhagavAna dvArA candra deva ke pUrvabhava kA kathana - - pUrvabhava meM prabhu pArzvanAtha ke caraNoM meM agaMjita anagAra bananA. candra deva bananA Adi kA vistAra se varNana kiyA gayA hai / candra deva kA bhAvIM janma batalAte hue kahA hai ki vaha deva bhava pUrNa hone para mahAvideha kSetra meM manuSya ke rUpa meM janma lekara siddhi ko prApta karegA, isI prakAra kA varNana dUsare adhyAya meM sUrya deva kA kiyA gayA hai| tIsare adhyAya meM zukra deva kA varNana hai, isane bhI bhagavAna ke caraNoM meM upasthita hokara nATaka pradarzita kiye| gaNadhara gautama kI jijJAsA para bhagavAna ne zukra deva kA pUrvabhava batalAyA / pUrvabhava ke varNana meM somila brAhmaNa kA vedoM meM niSNAta honA, bha. pArzvanAtha kA vArANasI padhAranA, somila dvArA yAtrA, yApanIya, sarisava, mAsa, kulattha Adi ke bAre meM jaTila prazna pUchanA, bha. pArzvanAtha dvArA syAdvAda zailI meM saTIka samAdhAna denA, kusaMgati ke kAraNa somila kA punaH mithyAtvI bana jAnA, dizAprokSaka arthAt jala sIMcakara cAroM dizAoM ke lokapAla devoM kI pUjA karane vAlA, bele-bele dizA cakravAta tapasyA karanA, sUrya ke sammukha AtApanA lenA Adi kA varNana hai / isa adhyAya meM cAlIsa prakAra ke tApasoM kA varNana bhI milatA hai|

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[314 jinavANI jainAgama-sAhitya vizeSAGka | __ somila tApasa dvArA kASThamudrA se mukha ko bAMdhakara uttarAbhimukha ho uttara dizA meM mahAprasthAna (maraNa ke liye gamana) kA varNana isa bAta ko sUcita karatA hai ki usa samaya jaina sAdhuoM ke alAvA anya tApasa bhI khule mu~ha nahIM rahate hoNge| yaha prasaMga mukhavastrikA ko hAtha meM na rakhakara mukha para bAMdhanA siddha karatA hai| deva dvArA somila ko pratibodha denA, duSpravrajyA batalAnA, somila dvArA punaH zrAvaka ke pA~ca aNuvrata aura sAta zikSAvratoM ko svIkAra karane kA rocaka prasaMga bhI paThanIya hai| yaha zakra deva bhI candra, sUrya devoM ke samAna mahAvideha kSetra meM manuSya ke rUpa meM utpanna ho yAvat siddhi ko prApta kregaa| caturtha adhyayana meM bahuputrikA devI kA varNana hai| bahuputrikA devI kI kathA bahuta hI sarasa evaM manohArI hai| bahuputrikA devI kA bha. mahAvIra ke samavazaraNa meM upasthita honA, dAhinI bhujA se 108 devakumAroM tathA bAMyI bhujA se 108 devakumAriyoM kI vikurvaNA karanA, nATaka karanA, gaNadhara gautama dvArA jijJAsA karane para bha. mahAvIra dvArA pUrvabhava kA kathana karanA, pUrvabhava meM bahuputrikA devI bhadrA sArthavAha kI patnI honA, vandhyA (putra rahita) honA, baccoM se pragADha sneha honA, sAdhvI bana jAnA, zramaNAcAra ke viparIta baccoM ko zRMgArita karanA, saMgha se niSkAsita akelI rahanA tathA AlocanA kiye binA saudharma kalpa meM bahuputrikA devI hone kI kathA vistAra se dI gayI hai| bahuputrikA devI kA AgAmI bhava batalAte hue kahA hai ki vaha somA nAmaka brAhmaNI hogii| solaha varSa ke vaivAhika jIvana meM battIsa santAna hogI, jinake lAlana-pAlana-azuci-nivAraNa Adi se bahuta parezAna hogii| anta meM saMsAra se virakta ho sAdhvI banegI, mRtyu ke uparAnta deva bhava prApta karegI aura vahA~ se nikalakara mahAvideha kSetra meM manuSya ke rUpa meM utpanna hokara yAvat siddhi ko prApta kregii| isa prakAra nirayAvalikA, kalpAvaMtasikA va puSpikA sUtra meM tathA isI prakAra puSpacUlikA aura vRSNidazA meM bhI satya kathAoM ke mAdhyama se jaina dharma ke siddhAntoM evaM zramaNAcAra, zrAvakAcAra kI advitIya preraNA pradAna kI gayI hai| kRtapApoM kI AlocanA aura prAyazcitta ArAdhanA kA yaha pramukha evaM mahattvapUrNa sUtra hai| ata: sAdhakoM ko cAhiye ki jaise hI unheM apane Apa athavA dUsaroM ke dvArA jAne-anajAne meM ho rahI bhUloM kI jAnakArI prApta ho, turanta unakI AlocanA, pratikramaNa aura prAyazcitta dvArA zuddhikaraNa kara lenA cAhiye tabhI ve ArAdhaka bana apane carama lakSya-mokSa ko prApta kara skeNge| -rajisTrAra a.bhA. zrI jaina ratna AdhyAtmika zikSaNa borDa, jodhapura

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puSpacUlikA aura vRSNidazA HInAzipyAM ramAvI . hemakhamAM 'himAMzu puSpacUlikA evaM vRSNidazA meM dharmakathAnaka haiM, ataH ina donoM upAMgoM kA samAveza dharmakathAnuyoga meM kiyA jA sakatA hai| puSpacUlikA meM bhagavAna pArzvanAtha kAlIna daza zramaNiyoM kA varNana hai jo AryA puSpacUlikA ke samakSa dIkSita huii| vRSNidazA meM vRSNivaMzIya (yaduvaMzIya) 12 rAjakumAroM kA varNana hai| puSpacUlikA evaM vRSNidazA ke sabhI sAdhaka mahAvideha kSetra se mokSa prApta kreNge| sAdhvI DaoN. hemaprabhA jI ne donoM AgamoM kI viSayavastu kA saMkSipta evaM sAragarbhita paricaya diyA hai| sampAdaka Arhata paramparA meM bhagavAna mahAvIra isa yuga ke antima tIrthakara hue| unhoMne jo dharmadezanA dI tathA unake pramukha antevAsI gaNadharoM ne jise sUtra rUpa meM saMgrathita kiyA, vaha Aja 'zAstra' yA 'Agama' ke rUpa meM vizruta hai| AcArya devavAcaka ne Agama-sAhitya ko do bhAgoM meM vibhakta kiyA hai- 1. aMga praviSTa aura 2. aMga baahy| aMga praviSTa Agama bhagavAna mahAvIra ke dvArA upadiSTa siddhAntoM kA gaNadharoM dvArA sUtrabaddha saMkalana hai| ye saMkhyA meM bAraha hone se dvAdazAMga yA dvAdazAMgI kahe jAte haiN| dvAdazAMgI kA dUsarA nAma 'gaNipiTaka' bhI hai| 'gaNi'-gaNanAyaka AcArya ke 'piTaka'-peTI athavA adhikAra meM rahane se saMbhavata: ye gaNipiTaka ke nAma se abhihita hue hoN| deza, kAla kI viSama paristhiti ke kAraNa bArahaveM aMga sUtra 'dRSTivAda' ke pUrNa rUpa se vilupta ho jAne ke kAraNa vartamAna meM gyAraha aMga sUtra hI upalabdha haiN| aMga bAhya AgamoM kA kAlika evaM utkAlika ke rUpa meM vivecana kiyA gayA hai| vartamAna meM upalabdha bAraha upAMga sUtroM kA samAveza aMga bAhya meM kiyA jA sakatA hai| 'puSpacUlikA' evaM 'vRSNidazA' ye antima do upAMga sUtra haiM, jinakA samAveza 'nirayAvalikA' zrutaskaMdha meM kiyA gayA hai| vidvat manISiyoM kA mantavya hai ki 1. nirayAvalikA yA kalpikA 2. kalpAvataMsikA 3. puSpikA 4. puSpacUlikA aura 5. vRSNidazA yA vaNhidazA-- ye pA~coM upAMga sUtra pahale nirayAvalikA ke nAma se hI pracalita the, kintu bAraha upAMgoM kA jaba bAraha aMgoM se saMbaMdha sthApita kiyA gayA taba inheM pRthak-pRthak parigaNita kiyA gyaa| yahA~ yaha dhyAtavya hai ki yadyapi pratyeka upAMga, pratyega aMga sUtra se saMbaMddha mAne gae haiM, kintu viSayavastu, vivecana Adi kI dRSTi se aMga, upAMgoM se bhinna haiN| eka dUsare ke vAstavika pUraka bhI nahIM haiN| phira bhI inakI pratiSThApanA kisa dRSTi se kI gaI hai, yaha eka anveSaNIya viSaya hai| astu... viSaya vyAkhyA, vivecana, vizleSaNa kI dRSTi se AryarakSita sUri ne

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316 jinavANI- jainAgama-sAhitya vizeSAGka AgamoM ko cAra bhAgoM meM vargIkRta kiyA, jo anuyoga kahalAte haiM / ve isa prakAra haiM 1. caraNakaraNAnuyoga - saMyama kI ArAdhanA meM sahayogI / upayogI tattvoM kA isa anuyoga meM vivecana hai / 2. dharmakathAnuyoga - isameM kathAnakoM yA AkhyAnakoM ke mAdhyama se dharma ke aMgoM kA vivecana kiyA gayA hai| 3. gaNitAnuyoga - vibhinna jyotiSa grahoM kA vivecana isameM hai / 4. dravyAnuyoga - SaT dravyoM kA vizleSaNa isa anuyoga meM hai| puSpacUlikA evaM vRSNidazA kI gaNanA dharmakathAnuyoga meM kI gaI hai| inameM kathAoM ke mAdhyama se tatkAlIna tayugIna mahAn cAritrAtmAoM ke jIvana prasaMga para prakAza DAlA gayA hai| donoM upAMga AgamoM kA saMkSipta sAra rUpa Age diyA jA rahA hai puSpacUlikA aitihAsika dRSTi se isa Agama kA atyadhika mahattva hai| isake dasa adhyayana haiN| unameM bhagavAna pArzvanAtha ke zAsana meM dIkSita hone vAlI dasa zramaNiyoM kI carcA kathA rUpa meM kI gaI hai tathA ina kathAoM kA preraNAtattva zuddha zramaNAcAra hai / bhagavAna mahAvIra ke uttarAdhikArI Arya sudharmA the| Arya sudharmA ke pramukha ziSya jambU the| ve jijJAsu bhAva se, lokopakAra kI vRtti se Arya sudharmA se prazna karate haiN| Arya sudharmA ziSya jambU kI jijJAsA ke anusAra mokSaprApta bhagavAna mahAvIra dvArA pratipAdita puSpacUlikA ke dasa adhyayanoM kA kathAnaka zailI meM varNana karate haiN| AkhyAnaka yA kathA ke mAdhyama se Arya sudharmA ne pratipAdya viSaya ko jana-jana ke lie bodhagamya banA diyA hai| aisA pratIta hotA hai ki jijJAsu aura samAdhAtA ke mAdhyama se jijJAsya viSaya mAno sAkSAt upasthita ho gayA hai| puSpacUlikA ke prathama adhyayana meM varNita kathA kA sArAMza isa prakAra hai - eka bAra rAjagRha nagara ke guNazIlaka caitya meM zramaNa bhagavAna mahAvIra svAmI kA padArpaNa huA / darzana, vaMdana, dharmazravaNake lie pariSad aaii| usI samaya saudharmakalpa nAmaka prathama devaloka se zrIdevI bhI bhaktivaza prabhu ke darzanArtha pahu~cI / bhagavAna kI dharmadezanA kI samApti ke pazcAt zrIdevI divya nATya vidhi ko pradarzita kara vApisa svasthAna calI gii| usake lauTa jAne ke pazcAt gautama svAmI dvArA usakI Rddhi-samRddhi saMbaMdhI kI gaI jijJAsA para bhagavAna mahAvIra ne kahA- gautama! pUrvabhava meM yaha rAjagRha nagara ke dhanADhya sudarzana gAthApati kI 'bhUtA' nAma kI putrI thii| vaha yuvAvavasthA meM hI vRddhA

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| puSpacUlikA aura vRSNidazA ma 317 dikhAI detI thI, ata: usakA vivAha nahIM ho skaa| eka bAra puruSAdAnI arhat pArzva prabhu kA Agamana huaa| unakI dharmadezanA zravaNa kara bhUtA dArikA ati prasanna huI tathA apane mAtA-pitA kI AjJA-anumati lekara AryA puSpacUlikA ke samakSa zramaNI dIkSA aMgIkAra kara lii| dIkSAporAnta kucha samaya ke pazcAt vaha bhUtA AryikA zarIra bakuzikA ho gaI arthAt zarIra ko sevA suzrUSA meM laga gii| bAra-bAra zarIra ko dhotI, svaccha krtii| sAdhvAcAra ke viruddha aise kRtya ko dekhakara AryA puSpacUlikA ne bhUtA AryikA ko samajhAyA tathA zramaNAcAra kA mahattva batAte hue use pApoM kI AlocanA kara zuddhIkaraNa karane kI preraNA / AjJA dii| kintu guruvaryA kI AjJA avahelanA kara vaha svacchanda-mati hokara svataMtra rahane lgii| pUrvavat AcAra-vyavahAra rakhate hue usa bhUtA AryA ne vividha tapazcaryA karake aneka varSoM taka zramaNI paryAya kA pAlana kiyaa| anta meM binA AlocanA kie hI marakara saudharmakalpa nAmaka prathama devaloka meM zrIdevI ke rUpa meM utpanna huii| vahA~ kI eka palyopama kI Ayu sthiti pUrNa kara vaha mahAvideha kSetra meM utpanna hogI evaM vahA~ se siddhi prApta kreNgii| __isI prakAra zeSa nau adhyayanoM meM kramaza: hIdevI, dhRtidevI, kIrtidevI, buddhidevI, lakSmIdevI, ilAdevI, sUrAdevI, rasadevI, gandhadevI kA varNana hai| sabhI zrIdevI ke samAna saudharmakalpa meM nivAsa karane vAlI thii| sabhI pUrvabhava meM bhagavAna pArzvanAtha ke zAsana meM AryA puSpacUlikA ke samakSa dIkSita huI aura bhUtA AryA kI bhAMti sabhI kA zarIra-zuddhi para vizeSa lakSya thaa| antata: sabhI deviyAM devaloka se cyavana karake mahAvideha kSetra meM janma lekara siddha hoNgii| kahA jAtA hai ki zrI, hI, dhRti, kIrti, buddhi, lakSmI Adi jitanI bhI viziSTa zaktiyA~ haiM, unakI ye adhiSThAtrI deviyA~ hai| isa prakAra prastuta upAMga sUtra meM prabhu pArzva ke yugakAlIna sAdhviyoM kI jIvana kathAe~ haiN| kathAoM ke mAdhyama se sAdhviyoM kA pUrvabhava evaM parabhava pratipAdita huA hai| tatkAlIna jIvana kA citraNa kama huA hai tathApi tayugIna sAdhviyoM kA saMkSipta jIvana-caritra milanA bhI apane Apa meM mahattvapUrNa hai| yahAM eka bAta dhvanita hotI hai ki bhagavAna pArzvanAtha ke zAsanakAla ke sAdhu-sAdhvI RjuprAjJa hote the, ata: ve bahumUlya raMgIna vastrAdi dhAraNa karate the, kintu zramaNAcAra meM zithilatA kSamya nahIM thI, zarIra zuddhi para pUrNa pratibandha thaa| prastuta Agama kA nAmakaraNa saMbhavata: AryikA puSpacUlikA ke AdhAra para kiyA gayA ho, aisA pratIta hotA hai| isameM varNita sabhI deviyoM ne

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1318 jinavANI- jainAgama-sAhitya vizeSAGakA pUrvabhava meM AryA puSpacUlikA ke samakSa hI cAritra dharma svIkAra kara jJAna prApta kiyA thaa| vahidazA (vRSNidazA) yaha antima upAMga sUtra hai| isameM niSadhakumAra Adi vRSNivaMzIya bAraha rAjakumAroM kA varNana bAraha adhyayanoM meM kiyA gayA hai| nandIcUrNi ke anusAra prastuta upAMga kA nAma aMdhakavRSNidazA thaa| kAlAntara meM usameM se 'aMdhaka' zabda ke lupta ho jAne se kevala 'vRSNidazA' hI avazeSa rhaa| vartamAna meM yaha isI nAma se vikhyAta hai| vaMza ke AdhAra para yaha nAmakaraNa honA, siddha hotA hai| puSpacUlikA Agama kI bhAMti isameM bhI ziSya jambU kI jijJAsA para Arya sudharmA svAmI bAraha adhyayanoM meM kramaza: niSadhakumAra, mAtalI kumAra, vahakumAra, vahekumAra, pragati(pagaya) kumAra, jyoti (yukti) kumAra, dazaratha kumAra, dRDharatha kumAra, mahAdhanukumAra, saptadhanukumAra, dazadhanukumAra, zatadhanakamAra kA varNana karate haiN| prathama adhyayana meM pharamAte haiM dvArikA nagarI meM vAsudeva kRSNa rAjya karate the| unake jyeSTha bhrAtA baladeva rAjA kI rAnI revatI ne 'niSadha' nAmaka putra ko janma diyaa| yathAsamaya usakA pacAsa uttama rAjakanyAoM ke sAtha pANigrahaNa huA evaM AnandapUrvaka rahane lgaa| grAmAnugrAma vicaraNa karate hue arhanta ariSTanemI kA dvArikA nagarI meM padArpaNa huaa| zrIkRSNa saparivAra dala-bala sahita prabhu ke darzanArtha ge| niSadha kumAra bhI bhagavAna ko vandana karane phuNcaa| kumAra ke divya rUpa-saundarya ko dekhakara prabhu ke pradhAna ziSya varadatta aNagAra ko jijJAsA utpanna hii| taba arhanta ariSTanemI samAdhAna karate haiM ki rohItaka nagara ke mahAbala rAjA evaM rAnI padmAvatI ke vIrAMgada nAmaka putra thaa| yuvAvasthA meM usakA battIsa zreSTha rAjakanyAoM ke sAtha pANigrahaNa huaa| mAnavIya kAmabhogoM ko bhogate hue samaya bIta rahA thaa| eka dina AcArya siddhArtha kA nagara meM padArpaNa huaa| anya pariSadA ke sAtha vIrAMgada bhI darzanArtha phuNcaa| dharmadezanA zravaNa kara jAgrata huA tathA mAtA-pitA kI anumati se zramaNa dIkSA aMgIkAra kii| aneka prakAra ke tapAdi anuSThAna kie, gyAraha aMgoM kA adhyayana karate hue 45 varSa taka zramaNaparyAya kA pAlana kiyaa| anta meM do mAha kI saMlekhanA kara samAdhipUrvaka kAladharma ko prApta hokara brahma nAmaka pAMcaveM devaloka meM deva bnaa| vahAM se devAyu pUrNa karake yahA~ niSadhakumAra ke rUpa meM aisA kamanIya rUpa evaM mAnavIya Rddhi prApta kI hai| niSadha kumAra kA yaha pUrvabhava sunakara varadatta aNagAra ko usake bhAvI jIvana ke prati jijJAsA huI, taba bhagavAna ne pharamAyA- yaha mere samIpa dIkSita hokara, nau varSa taka zramaNa paryAya kA pAlana kara, anta meM anazana karake sarvArthasiddha vimAna meM devarUpa meM utpanna hogaa| vahA~ se Ayu pUrNa kara mahAvideha kSetra se mukta hogaa|

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| puSpacUlikA aura vRSNidazA 319 isa prakAra prastuta sUtra ke prathama adhyayana meM niSadhakumAra ke pA~ca bhavoM kA saMkSipta ullekha milatA hai, jisameM tIna bhava manuSya ke evaM do bhava devatA ke haiN| prathama bhava vIrAMgada kA, dvitIya bhava brahmalokavAsI deva kA, tRtIya bhava niSadhakumAra kA, caturthabhava sarvArthasiddha deva kA, pAMcavA bhava mahAvideha kSetra ke rAjakumAra kA, jahAM se mokSa prApta kregaa| isake zeSa gyAraha adhyayanoM meM mAtalIkumAra Adi gyAraha kumAroM kA varNana hai| sabhI kA jIvana prasaMga niSadhakumAra kI bhAMti hI samajhanA caahie| kintu ina kumAroM ke pUrvabhava ke nAmollekha prApta nahIM hote| sabhI kumAra antata: mokSagAmI hue| isa prakAra hama dekhate haiM ki prastuta vaNhidazA (vRSNidazA) upAMga sUtra meM yaduvaMzIya rAjakumAroM kA varNana hai| isameM kathAtattvoM kI apekSA paurANika tattvoM kA prAdhAnya hai| puSpacUlikA upAMga sUtra meM jahAM bhagavAna pArzvanAtha ke zAsanakAla kI sAdhviyoM kA varNana hai, vahA~ vRSNidazA sUtra meM arhanta ariSTaneminAtha ke zAsanakAla meM dIkSita aNagAroM kaa| isase zramaNa bhagavAna mahAvIra ke vizAla udAra dRSTikoNa kA paricaya milatA hai sAtha hI sAdhviyoM ke saMprApta itihAsa se sAdhvI samAja kA mahattva sahaja hI AMkA jA sakatA hai| - dvArA, Agama prakAzala samiti, pIpaliyA bAjAra, byAvara (rAja.)

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uttarAdhyayana sUtra zrI zrIkRSNamala lor3hA uttarAdhyayanasUtra prAcIna Agama hai| isakI gaNanA mUlasUtroM meM prathamatayA kI jAtI hai| isake 36 adhyayanoM meM dharmakathAnuyoga, dravyAnuyoga evaM caraNAnuyoga se saMbaMdhita vibhinna viSayoM kA rocaka vivecana huA hai| nyAyAdhipati zrI zrIkRSNAmala jI lor3hA ne samasta adhyayanoM ko cAra bhAgoM -1 upadezAtmaka 2. dharmakathAtmaka 3. AcArAtmaka evaM 4. saiddhAntika meM vibhakta kara pratyeka adhyayana kA preraka paricaya diyA hai| -sampAdaka aisI mAnyatA hai ki zramaNasamrAT bhagavAna mahAvIra ne pAvApurI meM nirvANa prApta karate samaya antima pravacana ke rUpa meM uttarAdhyayana sUtra kA upadeza kiyA thaa| isake nAma se hI isakI viziSTatA jJAta hotI haiuttarAdhyayana arthAt adhyayana karane yogya uttamottama prakaraNoM kA sNgrh| bhavasiddhika aura parimita saMsArI jIva hI uttarAdhyayana kA bhAvapUrvaka svAdhyAya karate haiN| ___ bhASAzAstriyoM ke mata meM sarvAdhika prAcIna bhASA ke tIna sUtra haiM- 1. AcArAMga 2. sUtrakRtAMga aura 3. uttraadhyyn| mUlasUtroM ke saMbaMdha meM aneka mAnyatAe~ hone para bhI 'uttarAdhyayana' ko sabhI vidvAnoM ne eka svara se mUlasUtra mAnA hai| sthAnakavAsI sampradAya meM 1. uttarAdhyayana 2. dazavaikAlika 3. nandIsUtra aura 4. anuyogadvAra ko mUla sUtra meM ginA jAtA hai| yahA~ uttarAdhyayana sUtra kA krama pahale hote hue bhI sAdhakoM dvArA pahale dazavaikAlika aura phira uttarAdhyayana sUtra paDhA jAtA hai| __ uttarAdhyayana sUtra meM 36 adhyayana haiM, jinheM nimna cAra bhAgoM meM vibhakta kiyA jA sakatA hai1. upadezAtmaka-adhyayana 1,3,4,5,6 aura 10 2. dharmakathAtmaka- adhyayana 7, 8, 9,12,13,14,18,19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 25 aura 27 3. AcaraNAtmaka-adhyayana 2,11,15,16,17,24,26,32 aura 35 4. saiddhAntika- adhyayana 28,29,30,31,33,34 aura 36 DaoN.sudarzanalAla jaina ke anusAra uttarAdhyayana sUtra kA viSaya vargIkaraNa nimnAnusAra kiyA gayA hai1. zuddha dArzanika siddhAntoM ke pratipAdaka adhyayana- 24 (samitIya), 26 (samAcArI), 28 (mokSamArga gati), 29(samyaktva parAkrama), 30(tapomArga), 31 (caraNavidhi), 33(lezyA), 36(jIvAjIvavibhakti) aura dUsare evaM 16veM adhyayana kA gadya bhaag| 2. nIti evaM upadeza pradhAna adhyayana- 1(vinaya), 2(parISaha),

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| uttarAdhyayana sUtra 3(caturaMgIya) 4(asaMskRta), 5(akAmamaraNa), 6(kSullaka-nirgranthIya), 7(elaya), 8(kApilIya), 10(druma patraka), 11(bahuzruta pUjA), 16(brahmacarya samAdhisthAna kA padya bhAga), 17(pApazramaNIya), 32(pramAdasthAnIya) aura 35(anagAra) 3. AkhyAnAtmaka adhyayana- 9(namipravrajyA), 12(harikezIya), 13(cittasaMbhUtIya), 14(iSukArIya), 18(saMjaya-saMyatIya), 19(mRgAputrIya), 20(mahAnirgranthIya), 21 (samudrapAlIya), 22(rathanemIya), 23(kezIgautamIya) aura 25(yajJIya) uttarAdhyayana sUtra pUrNa rUpa se adhyAtma zAstra hai| dArzanika siddhAntoM ke sAtha isameM bahuta se AkhyAnoM kA saMkalana hai| isameM sAdhvAcAra, upadezanIti, sadAcAra, usa samaya kI pracalita sAmAjika, rAjanaitika paramparAoM kA samAveza hai| bhAratavarSa meM pracalita dUsarI paramparAe~ bhI isase prabhAvita huI haiN| udAharaNArtha- vaidika paramparA, mahAbhArata, gItA, manusmRti Adi aura bauddha dharma ke dhammapada, suttanipAta Adi granthoM para bhI spaSTa prabhAva par3A hai| isalie uttarAdhyayana sUtra meM varNita bhAva anya paramparAoM ke granthoM se milate haiN| dhyAnapUrvaka par3hane se patA calatA hai ki kahIM-kahIM to zabda bhI eka se mila jAte haiN| unameM bahuta sI gAthA aura pada bhI jyoM ke tyoM mila jAte haiN| udAharaNArthauttarAdhyayana meM jainetara granthoM meM 1. adhyayana 13/22 mahAbhArata zAnti parva 175/18,19 jaheha sIho va miyaM gahAya taM putrapazusaMpanna, vyAsaktamanasaM nrN| maccU naraM nei hu aNtkaale| suptaM vyAghro mRgamiva, mRtyurAdAya gcchti|| na tassa mAyA va piyA va bhAyA sacinvAnakamevainaM, kaamaanaamvitRptk| kAlammi tammiMsaharA bhvNti|| vyAghraH pazumivAdAya, mRtyurAdAya gcchti|| 2.adhyayana 20/35 dhammapada 12/14 tatto'haM nAho jAo, appaNo ya parassa y| attA hi attano nAtho, ko hi nAtho paro siyaa| 3. adhyayana 20/37 gItA 6/5 appA kattA vikattA ya duhANa ya suhANa ya uddharedAtmanAtmAnaM naatmaanmvsaadyet| appA mittamamittaM ca duppaTThiya suppttttio|| Atmaiva hyAtmano bandhurAtmaiva ripuraatmnH|| 4. adhyayana 1/14 zAntiparva 287/35 5.adhyayana 1/15 dhammapada 12/13 6. adhyayana 2/10 dhammapada gAthA 34,247,686 7. adhyayana 3/17 sUtra va. 8.1/4 8. adhyayana 9/40 zAnti parva 198/5 9.adhyayana 9/49 anuzAsana parva 93/40 viSNupurANa 4/10/10 10 adhyayana 25/29 dhammapada 19/9 11 adhyayana 32/100 gItA 264

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1322 jinavANI- jainAgama-sAhitya vizeSAGaka uttarAdhyayana kI ucca AdhyAtmika dRSTi kA prabhAva sabhI dharmaparamparAoM ke sAtha-sAtha sAmAjika jIvana para bhI par3A hai| uttarAdhyayana sUtra ke upadezAtmaka, dharmakathAtmaka, AcAragata aura saiddhAntika adhyayanoM kA saMkSipta meM varNana isa prakAra hai(a) upadezAtmaka adhyayana 1. vinaya (viNayasuyaM-prathama adhyayana) uttarAdhyayana ke prathama adhyayana meM vinaya kA vivecana kiyA gayA hai| vinaya se sabhI kleza aura kaSToM ke mUla ATha prakAra ke karmoM kA nAza hotA vinayati nAzayati sakalaklezakArakamaSTaprakAraM karma sa vinyH| prastuta adhyayana meM vinIta ziSya ke vyavahAra evaM AcaraNa se vinaya ke aneka rUpa prakaTa hue haiM, yathA- guru-AjJApAlana, guru kI sevAsuzrUSA, iMgitAkArasaMprajJatA, anuzAsanazIlatA, mAnasika-vAcika-kAyika namratA, Atmadamana aadi| vinaya ko dharma kA mUla tathA dUsarA Abhyantara tapa kahA hai| isake antargata AtmA kA anuzAsana Avazyaka haiM aura ziSya kA guru ke prati bhaktiyukta vyavahAra aura ziSTatA bhI apekSita hai| vinaya kA prathama pATha ahaMkAra mukti se prAraMbha hotA hai| jisako ahaMkAra hotA hai, vaha jJAna nahIM prApta kara sakatA hai| gurujanoM ke prati choTe-bar3e sabhI ke prati namra, madhura vyavahAra Avazyaka hai| manuSya ko apane jIvana meM unnati ke lie gurujanoM ke anuzAsana meM rahanA, namratA, bhakti, sevA, baiThane-bolane kI ziSTatA, sadvyavahAra Adi kI jAnakArI evaM anupAlanA Avazyaka hai- ukta sabhI pahaluoM para isa adhyayana meM vistAra se varNana kiyA gayA hai| AtmAnuzAsana ke lie vinaya Avazyaka hai, ye bhAva gAthA ke rUpa meM isa prakAra prakaTa kie gae haiM appA ceva dameyavvo, appA hu khalu duddmo| appA daMto sUhI hoi, assiM loe parattha ya / / 1.15 / / vinaya samasta mAnava jIvana kI saphalatA ke lie Avazyaka hai| ise zramaNa-varga taka sImita karanA ucita nhiiN| yaha sAdhu va gRhastha donoM ke lie eka nirdezaka hai| 2. jIvana kA mUlyAMkana (cauraMgIya-tRtIya adhyayana) isa adhyayana meM durlabha tattva, karma kI vicitratA evaM janma---maraNa ke kAraNa batAkara dharmapAlana karane kA upadeza diyA gayA hai| mAnava jIvana ke mahattva kA pratipAdana karate hae kahA gayA hai cattAri paramaMgANi, dullahANIha jNtunno| mANusattaM suI saddhA, saMjamammi ya vIriyaM / 3.1 || arthAt mAnava janma, zAstra kA zravaNa karanA arthAt dharma ko sunanA,

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| uttarAdhyayana sUtra 323 samyak zraddhA aura saMyama meM puruSArtha, ye cAra bAteM atyanta durlabha haiN| saddhA prmdullhaa||3.9|| dharma meM zraddhA prApta honA parama durlabha hai| __sohI ujjuyabhUyassa, dhammo suddhassa citttthii| 13.12|| sarala AtmA kI vizuddhi hotI hai aura vizuddha AtmA meM dharma ThaharatA hai va vikasita hotA hai| isa adhyayana meM manuSya bhava prApta karake dharma zravaNa karane, usa para zraddhA rakhane evaM phira tadanurUpa AcaraNa karane kI preraNA kI gaI hai| 3. jAgRti kA saMdeza (asaMkhayaM-caturtha adhyayana) isa adhyayana meM agrAMkita upadeza die gae haiM- (1)hara samaya jAgrata rahanA cAhie (2)jIvana kI kSaNa bhaMguratA (3) gayA samaya phira nahIM AtA (4)pApa karma bhugatane par3ate haiM (5) dhana parivAra hameM pApa se mukta nahIM karA sakate aura (6) pramAda guptazatru hai| pramAdI nahIM banane kA saMdeza dete hue bhagavAna ne kahA asaMkhayaM jIviya mA pmaaye||4.1|| arthAt jIvana kSaNabhaMgura hai aura caMcala bhI hai, isalie kSaNa bhara bhI pramAda mata kro| vitteNa tANaM na lame pmtte||4.5 / / manuSya kA dhana usakI rakSA nahIM kara sktaa| buDhApe, roga aura mRtyu kI avasthA meM dhana use bacAne meM asamartha hai|| ghorA muhuttA abalaM sarIraM, bhAraMDapakkhI va cre'pmtte| 4.6 || samaya bhayaMkara hai, zarIra pratikSaNa jIrNa-zIrNa hotA jA rahA hai| sAdhaka ko apramatta rahanA caahie| bhAraMDa pakSI (paurANika satata satarka rahane vAlA pakSI) kI taraha vicaraNa karanA caahie| jAgRti jIvana ke pratyeka kSetra meM Avazyaka hI nahIM, upayogI bhI hai| AdhyAtmika unnati ke lie jAgRti mahattvapUrNa hai| chaMdaM nirohaNa uvei mokkhaM / / 4.8 / / icchAoM ke rokane se hI mokSa prApta hotA hai| 4. mRtyu kI kalA : nirbhaya aura apramatta jIvana (akAmamaraNijja-paMcama adhyayana) jIvana jInA eka kalA hai, parantu maranA usase bhI bar3I kalA hai| jisa manuSya ko mRtyu kI kalA AtI hai usake lie jIvana aura mRtyu donoM hI Ananda aura ullAsamaya bana jAte haiN| isa adhyayana meM mRtyu bigAr3ane aura sudhArane ke kAraNoM kA nirdeza karane ke sAtha paraloka va jIvana sudhArane kA upadeza diyA gayA hai| bhikkhAe vA gihatthe vA, suvvae kammaI divaM / / 5.22 || bhikSu ho cAhe gRhastha ho, jo suvratI(sadAcArI) hai, vaha divya gati ko

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324 prApta karatA hai| jinavANI- jainAgama-sAhitya vizeSAGka gihivAse vi suvvae / 15.24 / / gRhastha meM bhI suvratI banA jA sakatA hai| na saMtasaMti maraNate, sIlavaMtA bahussuyA / 15.29 / / jJAnI aura sadAcArI AtmAe~ maraNakAla meM bhI trasta arthAt bhayAkrAMta nahIM hotii| 5. jJAna aura AcAra kA sammilana (khuDDAganiyaMThiyaM - - chaThA adhyayana) ajJAna aura anAcAra ko tyAga kara samyagjJAna aura zuddhAcAra pAlane kA upadeza diyA gayA hai| jAvaMta vijjA purisA, savve te dukkhasaMbhavA / luppaMti bahuso mUDhA, saMsArammi anaMtae / 16.1 / / ajJAnI aura avidyAvAn svayaM apane duHkhoM kA kAraNa haiN| ajJAna kaSTa detA hai aura duHkha kA utpAdaka hai| jJAnI duHkha kA kAraNa khojatA hai aura usakA nivAraNa karatA hai| mUDha prANI bAra-bAra vinAza ko prApta hote rahate haiN| appaNA saccamesejjA / 16.2 / / svayaM hI satya kI khoja karo / duHkhoM se chuTakArA pAne ke lie jJAna prApta karo aura jJAna kA jIvana meM AcaraNa karo / mittiM bhUehiM kappae / 16.2 1 1 samasta prANiyoM para mitratA kA bhAva rkho| bhatA akariMtA ya baMdhamokkhapaiNNiNo / vAyA vIriyamitteNaM, samAsAseMti appayaM / 16.10 11 jo manuSya kevala bolate haiM, karate kucha nahIM, ve bandha mokSa kI bAteM karane vAle dArzanika kevala vANI ke bala para hI apane Apako Azvasta kie rahate haiN| puvvakammakhayaTThAe, imaM dehaM samuddhare | 16.14 11 kie hue karmoM ko naSTa karane meM hI isa deha kI upayogitA hai| chaThA adhyayana upadeza detA hai ki ajJAna, avidyA, moha, Asakti se chuTakArA pAne kA prayatna karanA cAhie aura svayaM ko satya aura jJAna kI khoja ke lie prayatnazIla rahanA caahie| 6. jIvana bodha (dumapattayaM - dasavA~ adhyayana) isa adhyayana meM jIvana kI kSaNabhaMguratA, pramAda kI bhayaMkaratA Adi kA upadeza diyA gayA hai| jaba taka zarIra svastha aura sabala hai, indriyA~ sakriya haiM taba taka pramAda chor3akara dharma ArAdhanA karanI caahie| dasavA~ adhyayana manuSya jIvana kI vAstavikatA kA udghATana karatA hai tathA mAnava ko sadA apramatta, jAgrata, karmazIla aura dharmazIla bane rahane kI preraNA detA

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| uttarAdhyayana sUtra 325 vihuNAhi rayaM pure kaDaM ||10.1 || pUrva saMcita karma rUpI raja ko sApha kr| dullahe khalu mANuse bhave / / 10.4 / / manuSya janma nizcaya hI bar3A durlabha hai| parijurai te sarIraya, kesA paMDurayA havanti te| se savvabale ya hAyai. samaya goyama! mA pmaaye| 110.26 / / terA zarIra jIrNa hotA jA rahA hai, keza pakakara sapheda ho rahe haiN| zarIra kA saba bala kSINa hotA jA rahA hai, ataeva hai gautama! kSaNa bhara ke lie bhI pramAda mata kr| isa adhyayana meM gaNadhara gautama svAmI ke jIvana kI preraka ghaTanA kA bhI varNana hai| "samayaM goyama! mA pamAyae" kA saMdeza isa adhyayana meM 36 bAra duharAyA gayA hai| gautama ke mAdhyama se saMsAra ke prANI mAtra ko yaha upadeza diyA gayA hai ki jIvana meM saphalatA prApta karane ke lie kSaNa bhara bhI pramAda nahIM karanA cAhie, pratyeka kSaNa prayatnazIla rahanA caahie| (A) dharmakathAtmaka adhyayana 1. Asakti hI duHkha kA kAraNa hai (elayaM-sAtavA~ adhyayana) saptama adhyayana meM bakare aura mUladhana ko gaMvA dene vAle vyApArI ke udAharaNoM se adharmI aura kAmabhoga meM Asakta jIvoM kI hone vAlI durdazA kA digdarzana karA kara dharmAcaraNa se hone vAle sundara phala kA paricaya diyA gayA hai| eDaka (meMDhA) kAMkiNI, tIna vaNik putra aura apathya bhojI rAjA ke dRSTAntoM dvArA yaha samajhAyA gayA hai ki jo khAne-pIne, bhoga-vilAsa meM Asakti rakhatA hai, vaha saMsAra meM mArA jAtA hai| dRSTAnta aura upamAoM dvArA batAyA gayA hai ki sarvaprathama mana kI Asakti ko tor3o, bhogoM kA AkarSaNa chor3o aura paraloka ko sukhI banAnA ho to tyAga evaM anAsaktimaya jIvana kI zailI apnaao| mANusattaM bhave mUlaM, lAbho devagaI bhve| mulaccheeNa jIvANaM, NaragatirikkhattaNaM dhuvaM / / 7.16 / / manuSya jIvana mUladhana hai| devagati usameM lAbharUpa hai| mUladhana ke naSTa hone para naraka, tiryaMca gati rUpa hAni hotI hai| kammasaccA hu pANiNo / 17.20 / / prANiyoM ke karma hI satya haiN| dhIrassa passa dhIrattaM, sccdhmmaannuvttinno| ciccA adhamma dhammiTe, devesu uvvjji||7.29 / / kSamAdi satya dharmoM ko pAlana karane vAle mAnava kI dhIratA dekho ki vaha adharma ko tyAga kara dharmAtmA banakara devoM meM utpanna hotA hai| adhI naraka meM jAtA hai aura dharmI, tyAgI anAsakta jIva devagati meM utpanna hotA

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KAVALE [326 E AR jinavANI- jainAgama-sAhitya vizeSAGka | 2. zAMti kA mArga saMtoSa (kAviliyaM-AThavA~ adhyayana) / kapila kevalI dvArA lobha kA parityAga kara saMtoSa dhAraNa karane kA bodha isa adhyayana meM hai| yaha adhyayana mAnava jIvana meM zAMti aura saMtoSa kA prakAza phailAtA hai| jisa prakAra AkAza asIma hai usI taraha tRSNA bhI asIma hai| yaha agni kI bhAMti sarvabhakSI hai| dhana rUpI IMdhana milane para yaha adhika prajvalita hone lagatI hai| kapila do mAsA sonA lene ke lie utAvalA thaa| parantu jaba use rAjya-vaibhava bhI milane lagA to usakA mana usake lie bhI lAlAyita ho gyaa| apAra dhana, svarNa mudrAoM se bhI usake do mAsA sone kI tRSNA nahIM bujhii| vyAkulatA se kapila kA cintana mor3a khAtA hai aura vaha rAjya kA vicAra chor3akara saMyama jIvana aMgIkAra kara letA hai| ii duppUrae ime aayaa|18.16|| lobhavRtti ko vaza meM karanA duSkara hai| dhana se mana kabhI nahIM bharatA, isalie dhana kA tyAga karane se mana ko zAMti milatI hai| ___ jahA lAho tahA loho, lAhA loho pvddhi| do mAsakayaM kajja, koDIe vi Na Nir3hiyaM / / 8.17 / / jahA~ lAbha hai, vahA~ lobha hai| lAbha se lobha bar3hatA hai, do mAsA sone se banane vAlA kAma karor3oM se pUrA nahIM huaa| lAbha se lobha nirantara bar3hatA hai, do mAsA sone se saMtuSTa hone vAlA karor3oM se bhI saMtuSTa nahIM huaa| AThavA~ adhyayana saMdeza detA hai ki zAMti kA mArga sampatti meM nahIM saMtoSa meM hai| 3. AtmagaveSI kA saMdeza (namipavajjA-navama adhyayana) isa adhyayana meM namirAjarSi kA parama vairAgyakArI niSkramaNa aura indra ke sAtha saMvAda hai| saMsAra ke dhana-vaibhava-putra-parivAra ko asahAya mAnakara manuSya ko AtmagaveSI banane kA isa adhyayana meM saMdeza hai| apanI AtmA ke alAvA saMsAra meM saba kucha parAyA hai| parAyA kabhI apanA nahIM hotaa| 'sva' ke darzana ke lie 'para' kA tyAga Avazyaka hai| jo mAnava 'sva' kI khoja karatA hai, vaha sva ko pAtA hai aura sva ko pahacAnane para sabhI 'para' bandhana lagate haiN| 'para' bandhana se mukta hone para vyakti AtmagaveSI bana jAtA hai| suhaM vasAmo jIvAmo, jesiM mo natthi kiMcaNaM / / 9.14 / / manuSya meM mamatA aura merApana nahIM hone para cintA, zoka, bhaya aura udvega nahIM hotA hai| mamatA evaM merApana zoka ke nimitta haiN| ye donoM nahIM hone para koI cintA nahIM hotI hai| namirAjarSi rAjya vaibhava, parivAra aura apane zarIra kI mamatA tyAga kara ekAkI hokara calate haiN| unakA saMdeza hai- "ego me sAsao appA, sesA me bAhirA bhaavaa.....|' zAzvata AtmA merI hai bAkI saba bAharI hai| bhaya, cintA aura zoka anya se hai, Ananda sva se hai| savvaM appe jie jiy| 19.36 || apane vikAroM ko jIta lene para sabako jIta liyA jAtA hai|

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uttarAdhyayana sUtra 327 icchA hu AgAsasamA annNtiyaa||9.48 / / icchAeM AkAza ke samAna ananta haiN| kAme patthemANA akAmA jaMti duggiN||9.53 / / kAmabhoga kI lAlasA meM lage rahane se manuSya binA bhoga bhoge eka dina durgati meM calA jAtA hai| ahe vayai koheNaM mANeNaM ahamA gii| mAyA gaipaDigghAo, lobhAo duhao bhayaM / 19.54 / / jo manuSya krodha karatA hai usakI AtmA nIce giratI hai| mAna se adhama gati ko prApta karatA hai| mAyA se sadgati kA mArga avaruddha ho jAtA hai| isa loka me, paraloka meM lobha se bhaya-kaSTa hotA hai| 4. dharma kA maMgala (hariesijja-bArahavA~ adhyayana) isa adhyayana meM harikezI muni ke aitihAsika prasaMga se jAti, kula Adi ko gauNa rakha kara AtmakalyANa meM dharma kI pradhAnatA nirdiSTa hai tathA bhAvayajJa kA kalyANakArI vidhAna batAyA gayA hai| zvapAka-cANDAla kula meM janme harikezI muni kI aisI adbhuta Rddhi aura mahimA dekhane ko milatI hai, jo bahuta durlabha hai| isa adhyayana meM brAhmaNoM ke jAtimada ko nirarthaka aura ajJAna kA bhaNDAra batAyA gayA hai| saccA brAhmaNa tapa kI jyoti jalAkara jJAna yajJa karatA hai| AtmA kI zuddhi tapa aura tyAga meM hotI hai| cANDAla ho yA zUdra, jo tapa kA AcaraNa karatA hai, vaha dharma kA adhikArI hai| dharma kA maMgala dvAra kisI bhI jAti ke lie banda nahIM hai| zUddha AtmA pUjya hai| sakkhaM khu dIsai tavo viseso, nadIsaI jAivisesa koi||12.37 || tapa-cAritra kI vizeSatA to pratyakSa dikhalAI detI hai, kintu jAti kI to koI vizeSatA najara nahIM aatii| dhamme harae baMbhe santi titthe. aNAvile attpsnnlese| jahiMsi NAo vimalo visuddho, susIio pajahAmi dos| |12.46 || dharma merA jalAzaya hai, brahmacarya zAMti tIrtha hai, AtmA kI prasanna lezyA merA nirmala ghATa hai, jahA~ para AtmA snAna kara karma mala se mukta ho jAtA hai| Aja kI mAnavatA ke lie zramaNa samrAT bhagavAna mahAvIra kA yaha saMdeza samatA aura zAntivAdI samAja ke lie Adarza patha-pradarzana hai| 5. niSkAma sAdhanA kA upadeza (cittasaMbhUijja-terahavA~ adhyayana) yaha adhyayana manuSya ko bhogoM ke daladala se nikAlakara niSkAma sAdhanA kA upadeza detA hai| manuSya ko apane zubha yA azubha karmoM kA phala bhoganA par3atA hai| acche karma kA acchA phala hotA hai to bure karma kA burA phl| dhana, zarIra, vaibhava, striyA~, kAmabhoga ke sAdhana haiN| manuSya ko ina sabake prati

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328 jinavANI- jainAgama-sAhitya vizeSAGka anAsakta honA caahie| Atma-sAdhanA karane vAle (citra) muni cakravartI brahmadatta (saMbhUta) ko kahate haiN| savva suciNaM saphalaM narANaM / 113.10 / / manuSya ke sabhI sucarita (satkarma) saphala hote haiN| savve kAmAM duhAvahA / 113.16 / / sabhI kAmabhoga duHkhAvaha (duHkhada) hote haiN| 1 kattArameva aNujAi kammA / / 13.23 / / karma sadA kartA ke pIche-pIche arthAt sAtha-sAtha calate haiN| vaNNaM jarA harai narassa rAyaM / / 13.26 / / jarA manuSya kI sundaratA ko samApta kara detI hai| uvicca bhogA purisaM cayanti dumaM jahA khINaphalaM va pakkhI / / 13.31 / / vRkSa ke phala kSINa ho jAne para pakSI use chor3akara cale jAte haiM vaise hI puruSa kA puNya kSINa hone para bhoga-sAdhana use chor3a dete haiN| yaha adhyayana nidAna rahita tapasyA aura sAdhanA kA upadeza detA hai| 6. tyAga hI mukti kA mArga hai ( usuyArijjaM - caudahavA~ adhyayana ) isa adhyayana meM manuSya ko bandhanoM, kaSToM, duHkhoM, pIr3AoM se mukti pAne hetu samAdhAna kiyA gayA hai| isa adhyayana ke par3hane se spaSTa hotA hai ki bhoga, prapaMca, rUDhiyA~, anya vizvAsa aura mAnyatAe~ sabhI saMsAra ke kAraNa haiM / mukti prApta karane ke lie ina sabakA tyAga Avazyaka hai| tyAgamArgako chaH vyaktiyoM ne apanAyA aura mukta hue / purohita putra apane pitA bhRgu purohita se saMsAra tyAga kara dIkSA grahaNa karane kI AjJA mAMgate haiM to pitA putra ke prati moha ke kAraNa bahuta se tarka detA hai aura isake sAtha bhogoM kA nimantraNa bhI / taba putra kahatA haiajjeva dhammaM paDivajjayAmo, jahiM pavannA na puNabhavAmo / aNAyaM neva ya atthi kiMci, saddhAkhamaM Ne viNaittu rAgaM / 114.28 / / saMsAra meM aisI koI bhI vastueM nahIM haiM, jo isa AtmA ko pahale prApta nahIM huI hoN| isalie hama Aja se hI isa sAdhu dharma ko antaHkaraNa se svIkAra kareM jisase ki phira janma nahIM lenA pdd'e| rAga ko tyAga kara zraddhA se sAdhu dharma kI pAlanA zreSTha hai / dharma zraddhA hameM rAga se (Asakti) mukta kara sakatI hai| 7. saMyati rAjarSi kA itihAsa (saMjaijjaM - aThArahavA~ adhyayana) isa adhyayana meM gardabhAli RSi se prerita hokara saMyati rAjarSi dvArA zikAra chor3akara saMyama dhAraNa karane kA varNana hai / saMyati muni se kSatriya rAjarSi ne unake jJAna, darzana evaM cAritra kI thAha lene ke lie aneka prazna kie| saMyati muni ne kriyAvAda, akriyAvAda, vinayavAda evaM ajJAnavAda ke saMdarbha meM jAnakArI dene ke sAtha jJAna-kriyAvAda kA samanvaya sthApita kiyaa| saMyati

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uttarAdhyayana sUtra 329 muni ne 19 mahAn AtmAoM kA ullekha kiyA jo sabhI zuravIra the-karma ke kSetra meM bhI aura dharma ke kSetra meM bhii| cakravartI samrAT athavA vizAla samRddhi ke svAmI rAjAoM ne karmakSetra meM vIratApUrvaka sAdhanA karate hue mukti prApta kii| aNicce jIvalogammi kiM hiMsAe pasajjasi? 1118.1111 jIvana anitya hai, kSaNabhaMgura hai, phira kyoM hiMsA meM Asakta hote ho? kiriaM ca royae dhiiro||18.33 11 dhIra puruSa sadA kriyA (kartavya) meM hI ruci rakhate haiN| 8. zramaNa jIvana kI kaThora caryA (miyAputtIya-unnIsavA~ adhyayana) . isa adhyayana meM mRgAputra kA parama vairAgyotpAdaka itihAsa, mAtA-putra kA asarakAraka saMvAda aura sAdhutA kA sundara rUpa batAyA gayA hai| isa adhyayana kA prArambha munidarzana se hotA hai aura anta zramaNa dharma ke pAlana aura mokSa prApti meN| mRgAputra ko jAtismaraNa jJAna muni-darzana se hotA hai| saMsAra meM use duHkha hI du:kha najara AtA hai aura usake hRdaya meM vairAgya bhara jAtA hai| vaha mAtA-pitA se anumati mAMgatA hai aura kahatA hai ___ jamma dukkhaM jarA dukkhaM, rogA ya maraNANi y| aho dukkho hu saMsAro, jattha kIsaMti jantavo / 20.1611 saMsAra meM janma kA duHkha hai, jarA, roga aura mRtyu kA duHkha hai| jidhara dekho udhara duHkha hI duHkha hai, jisase vahAM prANI lagAtAra nirantara kaSTa hI pAte rahate haiN| mRgAputra narakoM ke kaSTa kA varNana karatA hai| zramaNa caryA bahuta kaThora hai| aneka prakAra ke parISaha haiN| zramaNa ko jIvana bhara pA~coM vratoM kA pAlana karanA par3atA hai| zIta-uSNa parISaha sahana karanA par3atA hai aura naMge pairoM, kaMkarIle, kAMToM bhare rAste para calanA par3atA hai| usako bhojana Adi ke lie bhikSAcarI karanI par3atI hai| vyAdhi hone para mRgAputra kahate haiM ki maiM mRgacaryA kruuNgaa| jisa prakAraM mRga bImAra hone para binA auSadhi ke hI nIroga ho jAtA hai usI prakAra mujhe bhI auSadhi kI AvazyakatA nahIM pdd'egii| zramaNa kA pradhAna guNa upazama hai- "uvasamasAraM khu sAmaNNaM' / muni ke saMbaMdha meM kahA hai lAbhAlAbhe suhe dukkhe jIvie maraNe thaa| samo nindA-pasaMsAsu, tahA maannaavmaanno||19.91 / / jo lAbha-alAbha, sukha-duHkha, jIvana-maraNa, nindA-prazaMsA aura mAna-apamAna meM samabhAva rakhatA hai, vahI vastuta: muni hai| 9. AtmA hI AtmA kA nAtha (mahAniyaMThijja-bIsavA~ adhyayana) isa adhyayana meM nAtha-anAtha kI vyAkhyA AdhyAtmika dRSTi se kI gaI hai| bahuta se manuSyoM kI yaha dhAraNA hai ki dhana, sampatti, aizvarya, sattA Adi se vyakti sanAtha hotA hai| aisA bhrama magadhanareza rAjA zreNika ko bhI thA, parantu jaba anAthI muni ne nAtha-anAtha kA vAstavika artha samajhAyA

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| 330 jinavANI- jainAgama-sAhitya vizeSAGaka ) taba unakA bhrama TUTa gayA aura ahaMkAra samApta ho gyaa| vyakti cAhe kitanA bhI vaibhavazAlI aura zaktizAlI kyoM na ho vaha pIr3A, vedanA, vyAdhi, maraNa Adi se apanI rakSA nahIM kara sakatA hai| dUsare anya prANI kI bhI rakSA nahIM kara sakatA hai| ata: vaha kisI ke lie zaraNadAyI nahIM ho sakatA hai| AtmA svayaM apanA nAtha hai, jaba vaha sadpravRttiyoM meM datta-citta rahatA hai| duSpravRttiyoM meM lagI huI AtmA apanI hI zatru hai, apane lie duHkhoM kA sRjana karatI hai| appA kattA vikattA ya, duhANa ya suhANa y| appA mittamamittaM ca, duppaDhio suppaTThio / |20.37 || AtmA hI sukha-duHkha kA kartA aura bhoktA hai| sadAcAra meM pravRtta AtmA mitra ke samAna hai aura durAcAra meM pravRtta hone para vahI zatru hai| AtmA hI apanA nAtha hai, anya ke AdhAra para use nAtha mAnanA ucita nhiiN| dhammapada meM bhI kahA gayA hai attA hi attano nAtho, kohi nAtho paro siyA (dhammapada 12.4) AtmA svayaM hI apanA nAtha hai-kauna kisI anya kA nAtha ho sakatA isa adhyayana ke par3hane se yaha spaSTa ho jAtA hai ki zuddhAcArI sampUrNa saMyamI zramaNa hI apanI AtmA ke nAtha hote haiN| yahAM traikAlika satya bhI prakaTa kie gae haiM, jinakA mAnava jIvana meM mahattvapUrNa sthAna hai| 10.samudrapAla zreSThI kA caritra aura mokSa mArga kA pratipAdana (samuddapAlIyaM- ikkIsavA~ adhyyn)| samudrapAla ne kisI samaya bhavana kI khir3akI meM baiThe hue eka aparAdhI ko mRtyu cihnoM se yukta vadha-sthAna para le jAte hue dekhaa| use dekhakara ve kahane lage-aho! azubha karmoM kA aMtima phala prApta rUpa hI hai-- yaha pratyakSa dikhAI de rahA hai| vahAM baiThe hue samudrapAla bodha pAkara parama saMvega ko prApta hue aura mAtA-pitA ko pUchakara pravrajyA lekara anagAra ho ge| ahiMsA, satya, asteya, brahmacarya aura aparigraha rUpa pA~ca mahAvratoM ko svIkAra kara ve buddhimAna muni jinopadezita dharma kA pAlana karane lge| uvehamANo u parivaejjA, piyamappiyaM savvaM titikkhejjaa| na savvaM savvattha'bhiroejjA, na yAvi pUyaM garahaM ca sNje||21.15 / / muni upekSApUrvaka saMyama meM vicare, priya aura apriya sabako sahana kre| saba jagaha sabhI vastuoM kI abhilASA nahIM kare tathA pUjA aura nindA ko bhI nahIM caahe| aNunnae nAvaNae mahesI, na yAvi. pUyaM garahaM ca sNje| sa ujjubhAvaM paDivajja saMjae, nivvANamaggaM virae uveI / / 21.20 / / jo maharSi pUjA pAkara unnata aura nindA pAkara avanata nahIM hotA tathA Rju bhAva rakhakara virata hotA hai vaha nirvANa mArga ko prApta karatA hai|

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| uttarAdhyayana sUtra - kA 331 11. nArI nArAyaNI rUpA (rahanemijja-bAvIsavA~ adhyayana) isa adhyayana meM bhagavAna neminAtha aura bhagavatI rAjamatI ke caritra kA ullekha hai| isameM rathanemi kA vicalita honA aura rAjamatI kI phaTakAra se usakA puna: saMyama meM sthira honA batAyA gayA hai| nArI kA ujjvala pakSa yaha hai ki vaha dayA, prema, karuNA aura vAtsalya kI mUrti hai| vaha zakti svarUpA bhI hai| isake sAtha vaha oja-teja kI svAminI bhI hai| nArI ke nArAyaNI rUpa kA darzana bhI isa adhyayana meM hotA hai| jaba sAdhaka rathanemi apanI saMyama-sAdhanA meM vicalita hue, taba sAdhvI rAjamatI unako ojasvI zabdoM meM udbodhana dekara kahatI hai- "seyaM te maraNaM bhave / " saMyama-sAdhanA se cyuta hone kI apekSA mara jAnA hI zreSTha hai| sAdhaka rathanemi puna: saMyama meM dRr3ha ho jAte haiN| nArI ke komala zarIra meM saMkalpa vajra ke samAna kaThora hotA hai| rAjamatI kI saMkalpadRr3hatA nArI ke lie Adarza svarUpa hai| isa adhyayana ke kucha saMdeza yahA~ prastuta haiM kohaM mANaM nigiNhittA, mAyaM lobhaM ca svvso| iMdiyAi vase kAuM. appANaM uvsNhre| [22.48 / / krodha, mAna, mAyA aura lobha ko jItakara aura pAMcoM indriyoM ko vaza meM karake AtmA ko pramAda se haTAkara dharma meM sthira kre| evaM kareMti saMbuddhA, paMDiyA pviykkhnnaa| viNiyati bhogesu, jahA se purisottamo 122.5 | |ttibemi puruSottama rathanemI ne AtmA ko vaza meM karake mokSa paayaa| isI taraha tattvajJAnI, vicakSaNa, paMDita jana bhogoM se nivRtta hokara mukta ho jAte haiN| 12. samanvaya kA zuddha mArga (kesigoyamijja-tevIsavA~ adhyayana) bhagavAna gautamasvAmI aura kezI kumAra zramaNa kA sammilana, praznottara aura zrI kezIkumAra zramaNa kA vIrazAsana meM praviSTa honA isa adhyAya kA viSaya hai| bhagavAna pArzvanAtha aura bhagavAna mahAvIra ke bIca samaya kA koI bahuta bar3A antarAla nahIM thaa| mAtra 250 varSoM kA hI antara thaa| isa choTe se antarAla meM samaya cakra tejI se ghuumaa| bhagavAna mahAvIra ne yathArthavAdI dRSTikoNa apanAkara zramaNoM ke AcAra vyavahAra aura bAhya vezabhUSA meM kucha parivartana kie| usa samaya bhagavAna pArzvanAtha kI paramparA ke ziSya bhI vidyamAna the| zrAvastI nagarI meM aisA prasaMga upasthita huA ki pArzvanAtha kI paramparA ke kezIzramaNa apane ziSyoM sahita padhAre aura bhagavAna mahAvIra ke paTTa ziSya gautama gaNadhara bhI apane ziSyoM sahita padhAra ge| donoM kA lakSya mokSa thaa| pArzvanAtha ke zramaNa raMga-biraMge vastra pahanate aura cAturyAma kA

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1332 jinavANI- jainAgama-sAhitya vizeSAGka | pAlana karate, jabaki bhagavAna mahAvIra ke zramaNa alpAtialpa mUlya vAle zveta vastra dhAraNa karate aura paMca mahAvratoM kA pAlana krte| choTe-moTe anya bheda bhI the| kezIzramaNa aura gautama gaNadhara apane-apane ziSyoM sahita paraspara mile| gautama gaNadhara ne kezIzramaNa kI sabhI zaMkAoM kA yukti saMgata samAdhAna kara diyaa| kezIzramaNa apane ziSyoM ke sAtha bhagavAna mahAvIra ko paramparA meM dIkSita ho ge| donoM kA samanvaya ho gayA--- paccayatthaM ca logassa, naannaavihvigppnn|| jatatthaM gahaNatthaM ca, loge liMgapaoyaNaM / / 23.32 / / nAnA prakAra ke upakaraNoM kA vidhAna logoM kI pratIti ke lie, saMyamanirvAha ke lie hai| sAdhutva ke grahaNa ke lie aura loka meM pahicAna ke lie liMga (veSAdi) kI AvazyakatA hai| kasAyA aggiNo vuttA, suyasIlatavojalaM / suyadhArAbhihayA saMtA, bhinnA hu na Dahati me / / 23.53 / / kaSAya agni hai| zruta, zIla aura tapa jala hai| zruta rUpa jaladhArA se agni ko zAnta karane para phira vaha mujhe nahIM jlaatii| jarAmaraNavegeNaM, bujjhamANANa paanninnN| dhammo dIvo paiTThA ya, gaI saraNamuttamaM / / 23.98 jarA aura mRtyu rUpa vega se DUbate hue prANiyoM ke lie dharma dvIpa hI uttama sthAna aura zaraNa rUpa hai| samanvaya kA zuddha mArga isa adhyayana meM dikhAyA gayA hai| 13. saccA brAhmaNa kauna (jannaijja-paccIsavA~ adhyayana) sacce brAhmaNa kA svarUpa isa adhyayana meM batAyA gayA hai| brAhmaNa kula meM utpanna jayaghoSa nAma kA prasiddha aura mahAyazasvI vipra thaa| vaha yama rUpa bhAvayajJa karane vAlA thaa| usI nagarI meM vedoM kA jJAtA vijayaghoSa nAma kA brAhmaNa yajJa karatA thaa| yajJa hiMsaka hote the| bhagavAna mahAvIra ne hiMsA-virodhI zramaNa-paramparA kA virodha kiyaa| bhagavAna mahAvIra ne jAti ko janma se nahIM, parantu karma se maanaa| samayAe samaNo hoi,bambhacereNa bNbhnno| nANeNa ya muNI hoi, taveNa hoi tAvaso / / 25.32|| samatA se zramaNa, brahmacarya se brAhmaNa, jJAna se muni aura tapa se tapasvI hotA hai| kammaNA bambhaNo hoi, kammaNA hoi khttio| vaisso kammuNA hoi. suddo havai kmmunnaa||25.33 / / brAhmaNa, kSatriya, vaizya aura zUdra ye saba karma se hote haiN| isa adhyayana meM sacce brAhmaNa ke guNoM kA digdarzana karAyA gayA hai, jisase brAhmaNa jAti se alaga sacce brAhmaNa ko pahacAnA jA sakatA hai| zrI jayaghoSa muni se uttama dharma ko sunakara unake sAmane gRhatyAga kara

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| uttarAdhyayana sUtra 333 vijayaghoSa dIkSita ho ge| donoM muni tapa-saMyama se apane pUrva karmoM kA kSaya karake sarvottama siddha gati ko prApta hue| 14. gargAcArya ke kuziSyoM kA varNana (khalukijja-sattAIsavA~ adhyayana) isa adhyayana meM gargAcArya ke kuziSyoM kA varNana aura AlasI baila kA udAharaNa hai| gargAcArya guNavAna AcArya the, jo satata samAdhi bhAva meM rahate the| kintu unake ziSya TuSTa bailoM kI taraha uddaNDa, avinIta aura AlasI the| unake ziSya sAtA meM masta rahate the, ghamaNDI aura ahaMkArI bana gaye the tathA bhikSAcarI meM bhI Alasa karate the| ayogya baila ke samAna durbala ziSyoM ko dharmadhyAna meM jotane para saphalatA nahIM milatI hai| isa prakAra apane duSTa ziSyoM se duHkhI hue ve sArathI AcArya socane lage ki mujhe inase kyA prayojana hai| ata: gargAcArya ne ziSyoM ko chor3akara ugratapa kA AcaraNa karane kA nizcaya kiyaa| miu-maddavasaMpanne, gaMbhIro susmaahio| viharai mahiM mahappA, sIlabhUeNa appaNA / / 27.17 / / mRdu evaM sarala svabhAva vAle, gambhIra aura samAdhivanta ve mahAtmA zIla sampanna hokara pRthvI para vicarane lge| (i) AcAra sambandhI 1. anagAroM ke saMyamI jIvana ke parISaha(parIsaha pavibhattI-dvitIya adhyayana) isa adhyayana meM mAnava ko dhIratA, vIratA, sahiSNutA, titikSA aura samatA kA pATha paDhAyA gayA hai| sahiSNutA va dhIratA kA upadeza samagra mAnava jIvana ke lie hai, ise sAdhu jIvana taka sImita karanA ucita nahIM hai| duHkha ko samabhAvapUrvaka sahana karanA caahie| pIr3A Dhone ke lie nahIM, sahane ke lie AtI hai| sudharmA svAmI ne jambU svAmI ke pUchane para 22 parISaha batAe haiM-- 1. kSudhA parISaha 2. pyAsa 3. zIta 4. uSNa 5. DAMsa macchara Adi 6. vastra kI kamI yA abhAva 7. arati 8. strI 9. vihAra 10. ekAnta meM baiThanA 11. zayyA 12. kaThora vacana 13. vadha 14. yAcanA 15 alAbha 16. roga 17. tRNa sparza 18. maila 19. satkAra-puraskAra 20. prajJA 21. ajJAna 22. darzana priissh| ___ mAinne asaNapANassa... ||2.3 / / sAdhaka ko khAne-pIne kI maryAdA kA jJAna honA caahie| adINamaNaso care.... ||2.3 / / saMsAra meM adIna bhAva se rahanA caahie| na ya vittAsae paraM..... | 12.2011 kisI bhI jIva ko trAsa arthAt kaSTa nahIM denA caahie| sariso hoi baalaann....||2.24|| bure ke sAtha burA honA bacakAnApana hai|

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1334 jinavANI- jainAgama-sAhitya vizeSAGka natthi jIvassa nAso tti..... ||2.27 / / AtmA kA kabhI nAza nahIM hotaa| isa adhyayana kA sAra yaha hai ki parISaha utpanna hone para saMyama se vicalita nahIM honA caahie| 2. jJAna amRta tattva hai (bahusuyapujja-gyArahavA~ adhyayana) isa adhyayana meM jJAna kI sarvazreSThatA batAI gaI hai| jJAna-prApti meM bAdhaka kAraNoM se rahita hokara bahuzruta hone kA upadeza diyA gayA hai| anagAra ke AcAra ko prakaTa kiyA gayA hai| abahuzruta vidyA rahita athavA vidyA sahita hone para abhimAnI, viSayoM meM gRddha, ajitendriya, avinIta aura bAra-bAra binA vicAre bolatA hai| mAna, krodha, pramAda, roga aura Alasya se yukta hone para zikSA prApta nahIM hotI hai| zikSA evaM jJAna ke avarodhaka 1. ahaMkAra 2. krodha 3. pramAda 4. roga aura 5 Alasya haiN| inase sadA bacane kI prabala preraNA dI gaI hai| manuSya vyavahAra se vinIta aura avinIta kahalAtA hai| jo vinIta hotA hai vaha priyavAdI, hitakArI hone ke sAtha sabase maitrI bhAva rakhatA hai aura vahI zikSA kA adhikArI hai| jJAnI arthAt bahuzruta kA jIvana nirmala hotA hai aura vaha apanA jIvana jJAna-ArAdhanA meM vyatIta karatA hai| zruta kI samupAsanA karate-karate jinavANI kA rahasyavettA bana jAtA hai| jJAnAmRta prApta karane vAlA bahuzruta kahalAtA hai| vaha zreSTha aura pUjanIya hotA hai| yahA~ pandraha sundara upamAe~ bahuzruta kI mahattA batAne ke lie dI gaI hai| udAharaNArtha-devatAoM meM indra, manuSyoM meM vAsudeva, vRkSoM meM jambU vRkSa, parvatoM meM sumeru parvata, nakSatroM meM sUrya, candra aadi| tamhA suyamahiTThijjA, uttmtttthgvese| jiNa'ppANaM paraM ceva, siddhiM saMpAuNejjAsi / / 11.32 / / mokSa kI gaveSaNA karane vAlA sAdhaka usa zrutajJAna ko par3hatA hai jo apanI aura dUsaroM kI AtmA ko nizcaya mokSa meM pahu~cAtA hai| .. isa adhyayana kA sAra hai-- jJAna prApta kro| jJAna meM svayaM aura dUsaroM, donoM ko siddhi prApta hotI hai| 3. bhikSu kA svarUpa (sabhikkhu-pandrahavA~ adhyayana) isa adhyayana meM sAdhaka-bhikSu ke lakSaNa, AcAra Adi kA varNana kiyA gayA hai| bhikSu kA artha saMyamI sAdhu hai| jisane vicArapUrvaka munivRtti aMgIkAra kI hai, jo samyag darzanAdi yukta sarala, nidAna rahita, saMsAriyoM ke paricaya kA tyAgI, viSayoM kI abhilASA-rahita aura ajJAta kuloM kI gocarI karatA huA vihAra karatA hai, vaha bhikSu kahalAtA hai| rAga rahita, saMyama meM dRr3hatApUrvaka vicarane vAlA, asaMyama se nivRtta, zAstrajJa, AtmarakSaka, buddhimAna, parISahajayI, samadarzI kisI bhI vastu meM mUrchA nahIM rakhane vAlA bhikSu hotA hai| usakA AcaraNa saMsArI prANiyoM se bhinna hotA hai| nirbhayatA

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| uttarAdhyayana sUtra 335) aura nispRhatA bhikSu jIvana kI AdhArazilA hai| usakI AvazyakatAe~ sImita hotI haiN| vaha satata jAgarUka aura Atma-bhAvoM meM ramaNa karatA hai| asippajIvI agihe amitte, jiiMdie savvao vippmukke| aNukkasAI lahu appabhakkhI, ceccA giha egacare sabhikkhU / / 15.16 || __azilpajIvI, gRhatyAgI, mitra aura zatru se rahita, jitendriya, sarva saMgoM se mukta, alpakaSAyI, alpAhArI, parigraha tyAgI hokara ekAkI-rAgadveSa rahita hokara vicaratA hai, vahI bhikSu hai| prastuta adhyayana meM sadabhikSu ke guNoM kA varNana kiyA gayA hai aura yaha bhI preraNA dI gaI hai ki bhikSu ke rUpa ko nahIM usake Antarika svarUpa ko dekhanA caahie| 4. brahmacarya (baMbhacerasamAhiTThANaM- solahavA~ adhyayana) isa adhyayana meM brahmacarya ke niyama aura usakI sAdhanA ke phala batAe gae haiN| jinazAsana meM sthavira bhagavantoM ne brahmacarya samAdhi ke dasa sthAna batAe haiN| unako sunakara, hRdaya meM dhAraNa kara, saMyama, saMvara aura samAdhi meM bahuta dRr3ha hokara mana, vacana aura kAyA se gupta, guptendriya aura gupta brahmacArI hokara sadaiva apramatta rahakara vicaranA caahie| nirgranthoM ko strI, pazu aura napuMsaka yukta zayyA, AsanAdi kA sevana nahIM karanA caahie| vAstava meM AtmA zuddha hai, svarUpa meM AtmA Anandaghana aura akSaya sukha kA bhaNDAra hai, parantu bhoga-saMskAroM ke kAraNa usakA apanA nijI svabhAva AvRtta ho gayA hai| AvaraNoM ko haTAne ke sAdhana isa adhyayana meM batAe gae haiN| ina sAdhanoM ko apanAne se AtmA ko sukha aura samAdhi kI prApti hotI hai| deva dANava gaMdhavvA, jakkha rakkhasa kinnraa| bambhayAriM namasaMti, dukkaraM je karenti taM / / 16.16 / / jo duSkara vrata brahmacarya kI ArAdhanA karatA hai, usa brahmacArI ko deva, dAnava, yakSa, rAkSasa, kinnarAdi deva namaskAra karate haiN| brahmacarya dharma dhruva, nitya aura zAzvata hai| isakA pAlana kara aneka jIva siddha hue haiM, siddha hote haiM aura bhaviSya meM siddha hoNge| 5. pApI zramaNa kI pahicAna (pAvasamaNijja-satarahavA~ adhyayana) isa adhyayana meM pApI zramaNa kauna hotA hai, usakA vistRta varNana kiyA gayA hai| pApI zramaNa ke lakSaNa1. dIkSita hokara bahuta nidrAlu ho jAnA aura khA pIkara sukha se so jaanaa| 2. AcArya, upAdhyAya se zruta aura vinaya prApta karane ke pazcAt unhIM kI nindA krnaa| 3. ghamaNDI hokara AcArya, upAdhyAya kI susevA nahIM karanA aura guNIjanoM kI pUjA nahIM krnaa|

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[336 jinavANI- jainAgama-sAhitya vizeSAGka | 4. prANI, bIja aura harI kA mardana kara svayaM asaMyatI hokara bhI apane ko saMyatI maannaa| 5. tRNAdi kA bichaunA, pATa, Asana, svAdhyAya bhUmi, pAMva poMchane kA vastra Adi ko binA pUMje baiThanA aura upayoga meM lenaa| 6. zIghratApUrvaka ayatanA se calanA aura pramAdI hokara bAlaka Adi para krodhita honaa| 7. pratilekhana meM pramAda karanA, pAtra aura kambala Adi idhara-udhara bikheranA, pratilekhanA meM upayoga nahIM rkhnaa|| 8. pratilekhanA meM pramAda karanA, vikathA Adi sunane meM mana lagAnA, hamezA zikSAdAtA ke sAmane bolnaa| 9. atikapaTI, vAcAla, abhimAnI, kSubdha, indriyoM ko khulI chor3anA tathA asaMvibhAgI aura aprItikArI honaa| 10.zAnta hue vivAda ko puna: jagAnA, sadAcAra rahita ho AtmaprajJA ko naSTa karanA, lar3AI aura kleza krnaa| 11.asthira Asana vAlA honA, kuceSTA vAlA honA, jahAM kahIM bhI baiThane vAlA honaa| 12.sacitta raja se bhare hue pairoM ko binA pUMje so jAnA, zayyA kI pratilekhanA nahIM karanA aura saMthAre ko anupayogI smjhnaa|| 13.dUdha, dahI aura vigayoM kA bAra-bAra AhAra karanA, tapakArya meM prIti nahIM honaa| 14.sUrya ke asta hone taka bAra-bAra khAte rahanA, 'aisA nahIM karanA' kahane para guru ke sAmane bolnaa| 15 AcArya ko chor3akara parapASaNDa meM jAnA, chaha-chaha mAsa se gaccha bdlnaa| 16.apanA ghara chor3akara sAdhu huA phira bhI anya gRhastha ke yahAM rasa __lolupa hokara phiranA aura nimitta batAkara dravyopArjana krnaa| 17.apanI jAti ke gharoM se hI AhAra ko lenA, kintu sAmudAnikI bhikSA - nahIM lenA aura gRhastha kI niSadyA para baitthnaa| pA~ca prakAra ke kuzIloM se yukta hokara saMvara rahita veSadhArI yaha sAdhu anya zreSTha muniyoM kI apekSA nikRSTa hai aura vaha isa loka meM viSa kI taraha nindanIya hai| usakA na ihaloka sudharatA hai aura na paraloka hii| uparyukta doSoM ko tyAgakara mani suvratI ho jAtA hai| 6. samiti aura gupti (samiio-caubIsavA~ adhyayana) isa adhyayana meM samiti aura gupti rUpa ATha pravacana mAtAoM varNana hai| samitiyA~ pA~ca aura guptiyA~ tIna haiN| IryA, bhASA, eSaNA, AdAna-nikSepaNa aura uccAra pariSThApanikA samitiyAM haiM tathA mana, vacana

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| uttarAdhyayana sUtra 337 aura kAya guptiyA~ haiN| sAdhu ko Alambana, kAla, mArga aura yatanA rUpI kAraNoM kI zuddhi ke sAtha gamana karanA cAhie, yaha IryA samiti hai| IryA samiti meM jJAna, darzana, cAritra Alambana haiN| kAla dina kA samaya hai aura kumArga kA tyAga karanA mArga hai| dravya, kSetra, kAla aura bhAva kI samyak pAlanA-ye cAra yatanAe~ hai| calate samaya indriyoM ke viSayoM aura vAcanA Adi pAMca prakAra ke svAdhyAya ko varjana karatA huA cle| IryA samiti meM tanmaya hokara aura usI meM upayoga rakha kara cle| krodha, mAna, mAyA, lobha, hAsya, nindA aura vikathA ke prati satata upayoga yukta hokara rhe| parimita aura nirvadya bhASA bolanA bhASA samiti hai| AhAra, upadhi aura zayyA kI gaveSaNA, grahaNaiSaNA tathA paribhogaiSaNA zuddhatA pUrvaka karanA, yaha eSaNA samiti hai| upakaraNoM ko grahaNa karate ora rakhate hue muni dvArA vidhi kA pAlana karanA, yaha AdAna nikSepaNa samiti hai| mala-mUtra, kapha, nAka va zarIra kA maila,pasInA, AhAra, upakaraNa Adi kA vivekapUrvaka sthaNDila bhUmi meM parityAga karanA pariSThApanA samiti hai| isa adhyayana meM pAMcoM samitiyoM kA varNana saMkSepa meM kiyA gayA hai| guptiyA~ tIna haiM- 1. manogupti 2. vacanagupti 3. kaaygupti| mana gupti ke 1. satya 2. asatya 3. mizra aura 4 asatyAmRSA, ye cAra prakAra haiN| saMyamI sAdhu ko saMrambha, samAraMbha aura Arambha meM pravRtta hote hue mana ko niyantrita rakhanA Avazyaka hai| vacanagapti bhI manogapti ke samAna cAra prakAra kI hai| sAdhu ko saMrambha, samArambha aura Arambha meM pravRtta vANI ko rokanA caahie| kAyA se saMrambha, samArambha aura Arambha kI pravRtti ko rokanA kAyagupti hai| ___ jo paMDita muni pAMcoM samitiyoM ke pAlana meM pravRtta hokara aura azubha pravRttiyoM se nivRtta hokara samyak AcaraNa karatA hai, vaha samasta saMsAra se zIghra hI mukta ho jAtA hai| 7. muni kI samAcArI (samAcArI-chabbIsavA~ adhyayana) isa adhyayana meM sabhI karmoM se mukta karane vAlI samAcArI kA varNana hai| jisakA AcaraNa karake kaI nirgrantha saMsAra sAgara se tira ge| sAdhuoM kI dazAMga samAcArI isa prakAra hai- 1. AvazyakI 2. naiSedhikI 3. ApRcchanI 4. prati pRcchanI 5. chandanA 6. icchAkAra 7. micchAkAra 8. tathAkAra 9. abhyutthAna 10. upsmpdaa| munijIvana kI sAdhAraNa dainika kriyA kA vidhAna dazAMga samAcArI meM hai| buddhimAna muni ko dina ke cAra bhAga karake una cAroM bhAgoM meM uttara guNoM kI vRddhi karanI caahie| pahale prahara meM svAdhyAya, dUsare prahara meM dhyAna, tIsare prahara meM bhikSAcarI aura cauthe prahara meM phira svAdhyAya karanA caahie| buddhimAna muni rAtri ke bhI cAra bhAga karatA hai- prathama prahara meM svAdhyAya, dUsare prahara meM dhyAna, tIsare prahara meM nidrA aura cauthe prahara meM puna:

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1338 jinavANI- jainAgama-sAhitya vizeSAGka svAdhyAya karatA hai| 8. sAdhaka-AtmA kI anAsakti (pamAyaTThANaM-battIsavA~ adhyayana) isa adhyayana meM pramAda kI vistRta vyAkhyA aura mokSa ke upAya batAe gae haiN| isakA mahattvapUrNa udghoSa yaha hai ki zabda, rUpa, gaMdha, rasa, sparza Adi kA doSa nahIM hai, doSa hai AtmA kaa| AtmA jaba rAga-dveSa Adi pariNAmoM ke dvArA pramAdI banakara kisI padArtha ke prati rAga athavA dveSa karatA hai, tabhI vaha bandhana meM bandhatA hai aura duHkhoM meM jakar3a jAtA hai| aliptatA aura anAsakti isake mUla svara haiN| vItarAga jJAnAvaraNIya, darzanAvaraNIya, mohanIya aura antarAya karma kA kSaya karake kRtakRtya ho jAte haiN| isa adhyayana meM jIva ke sAtha lage hue samasta du:khoM se mukta hone kA mArga batAyA gayA hai, jise samyak prakAra se aMgIkAra karake jIva atyanta sukhI ho jAte haiN| rAgo ya doso vi ya kammabIyaM, kammaM ca mohappabhavaM vyNti| kammaM ca jAI-maraNassa mUlaM, dukkhaM ca jAI maraNaM vayaMti / / 32.7 / / rAga aura dveSa ye donoM karma ke bIja haiM, karma moha se utpanna hote haiM, karma hI janma-maraNa ke mUla haiM aura janma-maraNa hI du:kha hai| rUve viratto maNuo visogo, eeNa dukkhohprNprenn| na lippae bhavamajjhe vi saMto, jaleNa vA pokkhariNI palAsaM / / 32.34 / / rUpa se virakta haA manaSya zokarahita ho jAtA hai| jisa prakAra jala meM rahate hue bhI kamala kA pattA lipta nahIM hotA usI prakAra saMsAra meM rahate hue bhI vaha virakta puruSa du:kha samUha se lipta nahIM hotaa| samo ya jo tes ya viiyraago|32.61 || jo manuSya manojJa aura amanojJa zabdAdi viSayoM meM sama rahatA hai, vaha vItarAga hai| eviMdiyatthA ya maNassa atthA, dukkhassa heuM maNuyassa raaginno| te ceva thovaM pi kayAi dukkhaM na vIyarAgassa karenti kiNci||32.100|| indriyoM aura mana ke viSaya, rAgI puruSoM ke lie hI duHkha ke kAraNa hote haiN| ye viSaya vItarAgoM ko kucha bhI duHkha nahIM de skte| 9. mokSamArga prApta karane kA uttama mArga (aNagAra maggagaI- paiMtIsavA~ adhyayana) yaha adhyayana sAdhu-AcAra kA pratipAdana karatA hai| sAdhu hiMsA, jhUTha, corI, maithuna evaM parigraha kI icchA aura lobha ko tyAga de| kaise sthAna meM nahIM rahanA cAhie aura kaise sthAna meM rahanA cAhie, isakA bhI isa adhyayana meM varNana kiyA gayA hai| bhojana ke saMbaMdha meM mArgadarzana diyA gayA hai| svAda ke lie bhojana nahIM kare, kintu saMyama-nirvAha ke lie bhojana kre| kraya-vikraya kI sAdhu ko icchA nahIM karanA caahie| arcanA, vandanA, pUjA, Rddhi, satkAra aura sammAna kI mana meM icchA nahIM kre| mRtyu kA samaya Ane para uttama sAdhu

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GHAR | uttarAdhyayana sUtra 339 tyAgapUrvaka manuSya zarIra ko chor3akara sabhI du:khoM se mukta ho jAtA hai| nimmamo nirahaMkAro, vIyarAgo annaasvo| saMpatto kevalaMnANaM sAsayaM prinnibdue| 135.21 || mamatva va ahaMkAra rahita vItarAgI nirAsrava hokara aura kevalajJAna ko pAkara sadA ke lie sukhI ho jAtA hai| (I) saiddhAntika varNana 1. mokSa mArga kA svarUpa aura jaina tattva kA jJAna (mokkha maggagaI-aTThAIsavA~ adhyayana) manuSya kA AdhyAtmika lakSya mokSa prApti hai| isake lie use tadanukUla sAdhanoM kI AvazyakatA hotI hai| una sAdhanoM kA varNana isa adhyayana meM hai| mokSa prApti ke sAdhana- 1. jJAna 2. darzana 3. cAritra aura 4. tapa haiN| nANeNa jANaI bhAve, daMsaNeNa ya sddhe| caritteNa nigiNhAi, taveNa prisujjhii||28.35|| AtmA ke sacce svarUpa ko jAnanA jJAna hai| darzana se tAtparya AtmA ke sacce svarUpa para dRDha vizvAsa aura zraddhA hai| cAritra AtmaguNoM ke prakaTIkaraNa kI kriyA athavA karmAsrava ko rokane tathA karma-nirjarA kI prakriyA hai| tapa Atmazuddhi kA sAdhana hai| natthi carittaM sammattavihUNaM, daMsaNe u bhaiyavvaM sammattaMcarittAI, jugavaM puvvaM ca sammattaM / 28.29 / / samyaktva ke binA cAritra nhiiN| darzana meM cAritra kI bhajanA hai arthAt samyagdarzana hone para cAritra ho sakatA hai aura nahIM bhii| samyaktva aura cAritra sAtha hoM to bhI usameM samyaktva pahale hotA hai| nAdaMsaNissa nANaM, nANeNa viNA na hunti crnngunnaa| aguNissa Nasthi mokkho, Natthi amokkhassa NivvANaM / / 28.30 11 samyagdarzana ke abhAva meM jJAna prApta nahIM hotA, jJAna ke abhAva meM cAritra ke guNa nahIM hote, guNoM ke abhAva meM mokSa nahIM hotA aura mokSa ke abhAva meM nirvANa prApta nahIM hotaa| samyaktva kA Aloka prApta hone para bhavyajIva ko sarvaprathama mokSa kI abhilASA hotI hai aura lakSya mukti prApti ho jAtA hai| maharSi saMyama aura tapa se pUrva karmoM ko kSaya karake samasta du:khoM se rahita hokara mokSa pAne kA prayatna karate haiN| 2. sAdhaka jIvana athavA mumukSu ke siddhAnta (sammattaparakkama-unatIsavA~ adhyayana) yaha adhyayana AtmotthAnakArI uttama praznottaroM se yukta hai| ise samyaktva parAkrama adhyayana kahA jAtA hai| praznottara ke rUpa meM aise siddhAnta batAe gae haiM jinase sAdhaka jIvana athavA mumukSu kI samasta jijJAsAoM kA

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NE 13MOTAP ART jinavANI- jainAgama-sAhitya vizeSAGaka samAdhAna ho jAtA hai| vaha zAnti aura samAdhi prApta karatA hai| mokSa kI abhilASA pUrNa ho sakatI hai aura janma-maraNa arthAt saMsAra se sadA ke lie mukta ho sakatA hai| isa adhyayana kA prArambha saMvega kI abhilASA se huA hai aura anta mokSa-prApti meN| sAmAieNaM sAvajjajogaviraI jaNayai / / 29.8 / / sAmAyika kI sAdhanA karane se pApakArI pravRttiyoM kA nirodha ho jAtA khamAvaNayAe NaM palhAyaNabhAvaM jaNayai / / 29.17 || kSamApanA se sAdhaka kI AtmA meM prasannatA kI anubhUti hotI hai| sajjhAeNaM nANAvaraNijja kamma khvei|| 29.18 || svAdhyAya karane se jJAnAvaraNa karma kA kSaya hotA hai| veyAvacceNaM titthayara nAma gottayaM kammaM nibndhi||29.43 || vaiyAvRtya se AtmA tIrthakara nAma karma kI utkRSTa puNya prakRti kA upArjana karatA hai| vayaguttayAe NaM NivikArattaM jnnyi||29.54|| vacana gupti se nirvikAra sthiti prApta hotI hai| kohavijaeNaM khaMtiM jnnyi||29.67 / / krodha ko jIta lene se kSamA bhAva jAgrata hotA hai| ___ mANavijaeNaM maddavaM jnnyi||29.68 / / abhimAna ko jIta lene se mRdutA jAgrata hotI hai| mAyAvijaeNaM ajjavaM jaNayai / / 29.69 / / mAyA ko jIta lene se sarala bhAva kI prApti hotI hai| lobhavijaeNa saMtosa jnnyi||29.70|| lobha ko jIta lene se saMtoSa kI prApti hotI hai| yaha spaSTa hai ki samyaktva parAkrama adhyayana meM die gae praznottara sAdhanA kI dRSTi se mahattvapUrNa haiN| 3. tapomArga (tavamagga-tIsavA~ adhyayana) yaha adhyayana tapazcaryA ke svarUpa aura vidhi ke saMbaMdha meM hai| isameM rAga-dveSa se utpanna pApa karmoM ko kSaya karane meM amogha sAdhana 'tapa' kI samyak paddhati kA nirUpaNa kiyA gayA hai| sAMsArika prANiyoM kA zarIra ke sAtha atyanta ghaniSTha saMbaMdha ho gayA hai| usI ke kAraNa ajJAnavaza nAnA pApa karmoM kA baMdha hotA hai| vizva ke sAre prANI Adhibhautika, adhidaivika aura AdhyAtmika duHkhoM se pIr3ita haiM aura ina trividha duHkhoM se santapta haiN| samasta ajJa jIva Adhi-vyAdhi-upAdhi se pIr3ita haiN| isa pIr3A ko dUra karane ke lie tapa ko sAdhana batAyA gayA hai| tapa karmoM kI nirjarA karane, AtmA aura zarIra ke tAdAtmya ko tor3akara AtmA ko zarIra se pRthaka mAnane kI dRSTi utpanna karatA hai| samyak tapa kA mArga svecchA se utsAhapUrvaka zarIra, indriyoM

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341 | uttarAdhyayana sUtra - aura mana ko anuzAsita, saMyamita aura apramatta karake svarUpAvasthita karane kA mArga hai| tapa ke do mukhya bheda kie gae haiM- bAhya aura aabhyntr| bAhya tapa 6 prakAra ke haiM- anazana, UnodarI, bhikSAcaryA, rasaparityAga, kAyAkleza aura prtisNliintaa| Abhyantara tapa ke bhI 6 bheda haiM-- prAyazcitta, vinaya, vaiyAvRttya, svAdhyAya, dhyAna aura kaayotsrg| bAhya tapa kA abhiprAya zarIra ke prati AtmA kI saMlagnatA-dehAsakti ko miTAnA hai| sAdhaka ko anazana Adi bAhya tapoM kA AcaraNa utanA hI karanA cAhie, jisase zarIra nirbala na ho, indriyA~ kSINa na hoM aura AtmA meM saMkleza utpanna na hoN| Antarika tapoM kA uddezya Atmika vikAroM kA zodhana aura AtmA kA zuddhikaraNa hai, jo viveka para AdhArita hai| jahA mahAtalAgassa, sanniruddha jalAgame / ussiMcaNAe tavaNAe, kameNa sosaNA bhave / / 30.5 / / evaM tu saMjayassAvi, paavkmmniraasve| bhavakoDIsaMciyaM kamma, tavasA nijjrijjii| 130.6 / / bar3e bhArI tAlAba meM pAnI Ane ke mArga ko rokakara usakA jala ulIcane ke bAda sUrya ke tApa se kramaza: sukhAyA jAtA hai| usI prakAra saMyamI puruSa navIna pApa karmoM ko rokakara tapasyA ke dvArA pUrva karmoM ko kSaya kara detA eyaM tavaM tu vihaMje samma Ayare mnnii| se khippaM savvasaMsArA, vippamuccai paNDie / / 30.37 / / donoM taraha ke tapa kA jo muni samyak prakAra se AcaraNa karatA hai, vaha paMDita zIghra hI saMsAra ke sabhI baMdhanoM se chUTa jAtA hai| 4. cAritra vidhi (caraNavihi-ikatIsavA~ adhyayana) isa adhyayana meM jIvoM ko sukha dene vAlI cAritra vidhi batalAI gaI hai| isakA artha hai- cAritra kA jJAna karake use vivekapUrvaka dhAraNa krnaa| isake AcaraNa se bahuta se jIva saMsAra sAgara se tira ge| ___ egao viraI kujjA , egao ya pvttnnN| asaMjame niyattiM ca saMjame ya pavattaNaM / / 31.2 / / asaMyama rUpa eka sthAna se nivRtti karake saMyama rUpa eka sthAna meM pravRtti kre| cAritra ke aneka aMga haiM- pAMca mahAvrata, pAMca samiti-tIna gupti, dazavidha zramaNa dharma, samyak tapa, parISahajaya, kaSAya vijaya, viSaya virakti, tyAga, pratyAkhyAna aadi| cAritra ke ucca zikhara para caDhane ke lie bhikSu pratimA, avagraha pratimA, piNDAvagraha pratimA Adi aneka pratimAe~ haiN| jinase sAdhaka apanI Atmazakti ko prakaTa karatA huA Age se Age mokSa kI ora bar3hatA hai| jo bhikSu rAga aura dveSa kA satata nirodha karatA hai, vaha saMsAra meM paribhramaNa nahIM krtaa| isa adhyayana meM asaMyama, rAga-dveSa, bandhana, virAdhanA, azubha lezyA, madasthAna, kriyA sthAna, kaSAya, pAMca azubha

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1342 jinavANI- jainAgama-sAhitya vizeSAGaka kriyAe~, abrahmacarya, asamAdhi sthAna, sabala doSa, pApazruta prasaMga, mahAmoha sthAna, AzAtanA Adi kaI vighnoM kA nAma nirdeza karake unameM Atma rakSA karane kI vidhi batAI gaI hai| 17 prakAra ke asaMyama se nivRtta honA aura 17 prakAra ke saMyama meM pravRtta honA cAritra vidhi hai| 5. karma prakRti (kammappayaDI-taiMtIsavA~ adhyayana) isa adhyayana meM karmoM ke bheda, prabheda, gati, sthiti Adi kA varNana hai| karmoM ke vividha svabhAva, pratisamaya kamoM ke paramANuoM ke bandha, saMkhyA, unake avagAhana kSetra kA parimANa, karmoM kI jaghanya utkRSTa sthiti aura kamoM ke phala dene kI zakti ke kAraNabhUta anubhAga ityAdi kA gaharAI se vizleSaNa kiyA gayA hai| karmabandha ke cAra prakAra prakRti, pradeza, sthiti aura anubhAga rUpa kA bhI varNana hai| jJAnAvaraNIya, darzanAvaraNIya, vedanIya mohanIya, AyuSya, nAma, gotra aura antarAya ATha karma haiN| inakI uttara prakRtiyA~ isa prakAra haiMjJAnAvaraNa- mati, zruta, avadhi, mana:paryAya aura kevljnyaan| darzanAvaraNa- nidrA, nidrAnidrA, pracalA, pracalApracalA, styAnagRddhi, cakSu acakSu, avadhidarzanAvaraNa aura kevldrshnaavrnn| vedanIya- sAtA va asaataa| mohanIya-darzana mohanIya aura cAritra mohniiy| aneka avAntara bhed| AyuSya- naraka, tiryaMca, manuSya aura deva nAma- zubha va ashubh| aneka avAntara bhed| gotra- ucca aura niic| antarAya- dAnAntarAya, lAbhAntarAya, bhogAntarAya, upabhogAntarAya, au. viiryaantraay| . isa adhyayana meM dravya-kSetra-kAla-bhAva kA svarUpa bhI varNita hai karma jaba taka vidyamAna rahate haiM taba taka jIva nAnA gatiyoM aura yoniyoM meM paribhramaNa karatA rahatA hai| karma ke kAraNa vyakti bhayaMkara kaSTa pAte haiM au nAnA duHkha uThAte haiN| hama jo vizva meM viSamatAe~ dekhate haiM ve saba karmoM va kAraNa haiN| tamhA eesi kammANaM aNubhAge viyANiyA eesi saMvare ceva, khavaNe ya jae buhe / / 133.25 / / karmoM ke vipAka ko jAnakara buddhimAna puruSa inakA nirodha evaM kSara karane kA prayatna kre| 6. lezyA (lesajjhayaNaM-cauMtIsavA~ adhyayana) cha: lezyAoM kA svarUpa, phala, gati, sthiti Adi kA varNana ira adhyayana meM hai| cha: lezyAoM ke nAma haiM- 1. kRSNa lezyA 2. nIla lezya 3. kApota lezyA 4. tejo lezyA 5. padma lezyA 6. zukla lezyA / gyAra

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| uttarAdhyayana sUtra ARGAHRAICSE 343 dvAroM ke mAdhyama se lezyAoM ko vyavasthita rUpa diyA gayA hai- 1. nAma dvAra 2. varNa dvAra 3. rasa dvAra 4. gandha dvAra 5. sparza dvAra 6. pariNAma dvAra 7. lakSaNa dvAra 8. sthAna dvAra 9. sthiti dvAra 10. gati dvAra 11. Ayu dvaar| jainAcAryoM ne lezyA kI nimna paribhASAe~ batAI haiM1. kaSAya se anuraMjita aatm-prinnaam| 2. mana-vacana-kAyA ke yogoM kA pariNAma yA yoga prvRtti| 3. kAle Adi raMgoM ke sAnnidhya se sphaTika kI taraha rAga-dveSa kaSAya ke saMyoga se AtmA kA tadanurUpa pariNamana ho jaanaa| 4. karma ke sAtha AtmA ko saMzliSTa karake karma-baMdhana kI sthiti banAne vaalii| kiNhA nIlA kAU tinni vi eyAo ahmmlesaao| eyAhi tihi vi jIvo duggaiM uvavajjai bahuso / / 34.56 / / kRSNa, nIla aura kApota tInoM adharma lezyAe~ haiM, inase jIva durgati meM jAtA hai| teU pamhA sukkA tinni vi eyAo dhmmlesaao| eyAhi tihi vi jIvo suggaiM uvavajjai bahuso / / 34.57 / / tejo, padma aura zukla ye tIna dharma lezyAe~ haiM, inase jIva sugati meM jAtA hai| lesAhiM savvAhiM paDhame samayammi pariNayAhiM tu| na vi kassavi uvavAo pare bhave asthi jIvassa / / 34.58 / / sabhI lezyAoM kI prathama samaya kI pariNati meM kisI bhI jIva kI parabhava meM utpatti nahIM hotii| lesAhiM savvAhiM carame samayammi pariNayAhiM tu| na vi kassavi uvavAo pare bhave asthi jIvassa / / 34.59 / / sabhI lezyAoM kI antima samaya kI pariNati meM kisI bhI jIva kI parabhava meM utpatti nahIM hotii| tamhA eyANa lesANaM aNubhAge viyaanniyaa| appasatthAo vajjittA pasatthAo ahiddhejjaasi||34.61 / / ata: lezyAoM ke anubhAva rasa ko jAnakara aprazasta lezyAoM ko chor3akara prazasta lezyA aMgIkAra karanI caahie| 7. jIva aura ajIva tattva (jIvAjIvavibhattI-chattIsavA~ adhyayana) isa adhyayana meM jIva aura ajIva kA pRthakkaraNa kiyA gayA hai| dUsare zabdoM meM jIva-ajIva ko vibhakta karake unakA samyaka prakAra se nirUpaNa kiyA gayA hai| isa adhyayana ke mAdhyama se sAdhaka jIva aura ajIva kA samyak jJAna prApta karake saMyama meM prayatnazIla ho sakatA hai| jIva aura ajIva kA samyak parijJAna hone para hI vaha gati, puNya, pApa, saMvega, Asrava, saMvara, nirjarA, bandha aura mokSa ko jAna sakatA hai|

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lA 1344 jinavANI- jainAgama-sAhitya vizeSAGka | jIvA ceva ajIvA ya esa loe viyaahie| ajIvadesamAgAse aloe se viyAhie / / 36.2 / / yaha loka jIva aura ajIvamaya kahA gayA hai aura ajIva deza rUpa AkAza hI jisameM hai vaha aloka kahA gayA hai| davvao khettao ceva kAlao bhAvao thaa| parUvaNA tesiM bhave jIvANamajIvANa ya / / 36.3 / / jIva aura ajIva dravya kA pratipAdana dravya, kSetra, kAla aura bhAva ina cAra prakAroM se hotA hai| - ajIva ke do bheda haiM-1. rUpI 2. aruupii| arUpI ajIva ke dasa bheda haiM- dharmAstikAya ke 1. skaMdha 2. deza 3. pradeza. adharmAstikAya ke 1. skandha 2. deza 3.pradeza, AkAzAstikAya ke 1. skandha 2. deza 3. pradeza aura 10. kaal| rUpI ajIva ke cAra bheda haiM- skandha, deza, pradeza aura prmaannu| dharmAstikAya aura adharmAstikAya ko loka pramANa kahA gayA hai| AkAza loka aura aloka donoM meM hai| dharma, adharma aura AkAzAstikAya, ye tInoM dravya anAdi ananta haiM / kAla pravAha kI apekSA anAdi ananta hai aura Adeza kI apekSA sAdi sAnta hai| santati pravAha kI apekSA se pudgala ke skandha anAdi ananta haiM tathA sthiti kI apekSA sAdi sAnta haiN| dravya vibhAga kA varNana 36.11 se 36.47 taka kiyA gayA hai| jisake anusAra rUpI ajIva dravyoM kA pariNamana varNa, gaMdha, rasa, sparza aura saMsthAna kI apekSA se pAMca prakAra kA hai| jIva do prakAra haiM- 1. saMsArI 2. siddh| 36.49 se 36.67 taka siddha jIvoM ke prakAra aura siddhatva prApti kA varNana hai| loegadese te savve naanndNsnnsnniyaa| saMsArapAranitthinnA siddhiM varagaI gyaa|| 36.67 sabhI siddha bhagavAna saMsAra ke usa pAra pahuMca kara jJAna, darzana ke upayoga se sarvottama siddhagati ko prApta kara eka deza meM hI rahe hue haiN| ___ saMsArI jIva trasa aura sthAvara rUpa se do prakAra ke haiN| sthAvara aura trasa ke tIna-tIna bheda batAe gae haiM--- sthAvara- pRthvIkAya, apkAya aura vanaspati kAya trasa- tejaskAya, vAyukAya aura dvIndriyAdi (udaar)| AgamoM meM kaI sthAnoM para tejaskAya aura vAyukAya ko pAMca sthAvaroM meM mAnA hai, kintu yahAM donoM ko trasa meM parigaNita kiyA gayA hai| kAraNa ki calana kriyA dekhakara vyavahAra se inheM trasa kaha diyA gayA hai| uttarAdhyayana kA vaiziSTya isa vibhAjana se patA calatA hai| udAra trasa cAra prakAra ke haiM- dvIndriya, trIndriya, caturindriya aura paMcendriya / ina udAra trasa kAya jIvoM kA varNana 36.151 se 36.169 taka hai| paMcendriya jIva cAra prakAra ke haiM- 1. nairayika 2. tiryaMca 3.

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uttarAdhyayana sUtra 345 manuSya 4. deva / nAraka jIva kA varNana 36.156 se 36.169 taka, tiryaca kA nirUpaNa 36.170 se 36.194 taka, manuSya kA varNana 36.195 se 36.203 taka aura deva kA varNana 36.204 se 36.247 taka kiyA gayA hai| iha jIvamajIve ya soccA saddahiUNa ya / savvanayANa aNuma ramejjA saMjame muNI / / 36.250 1 1 isa prakAra jIva aura ajIva ke vyAkhyAna ko sunakara aura usa para zraddhA karake sabhI nayoM se anumata saMyama meM muni ramaNa kre| tao bahuNi vAsANi sAmaNNamaNupAliyA / imeNa kamajogeNa appANaM saMlihe muNI / / 36.251 / / aneka varSoM taka zrAmaNya kA pAlana karake muni isa krama se AtmA kI saMlekhanA kare / saMlekhanA jaghanya 6 mahIne kI, madhyama eka varSa kI aura utkRSTa bAraha varSa kI hotI hai| paDhame vAsacaukkammi vigaInijjahaNaM kare / bii vAsacaukkammi vicitraM tu tavaM care / 136.252 / / sAdhaka ko prathama ke cAra varSoM meM vigaya kA tyAga karanA cAhie aura dUsare cAra varSoM meM vividha prakAra kA tapa karanA caahie| AyaMbila ke pAraNe meM do varSa taka ekAntara tapa karanA caahie| isake pazcAt chaH mAsa taka ati vikaTa tapa nahIM karanA cAhie / bhinna-bhinna tapa kI avadhi aura AyaMbila se pAraNA karane kI vidhi batAI gaI hai| kandappamAbhiogaM kibbisiyaM mohamAsurattaM ca / yAo duggaIo maraNammi virAhiyA honti / / 36.257 / / kandarpa, abhiyoga, kilviSa, moha aura AsurI bhAvanA durgati kI hetu hai aura mRtyu samaya meM ina bhAvanAoM se jIva virAdhaka ho jAte haiN| micchAdasaMNarattA saniyANA hu hiMsagA / iya je maranti jIvA tesiM puNa dullahA bohI / 136.258 / / jo jIva mithyAdarzana meM rata, hiMsaka tathA nidAnayukta karaNI karane vAle haiM ve ina bhAvanAoM meM mara kara durlabha bodhi hote haiN| sammadaMsaNarattA aniyANA sukkalesamogADhA / iya je maranti jIvA sulahA tesiM bhave bohii| 136.259 jo jIva samyag darzana meM anurakta, atizukla lezyA vAle aura nidAna rahita kriyA karate haiM, ve marakara paraloka meM sulabha bodhi hote haiN| samAdhimaraNa meM bAdhaka aura sAdhaka tattva 36.256 se 36.262 taka varNita haiN| mRtyu ke samaya sAdhaka ke lie samAdhimaraNa meM chaha bAteM Avazyaka haiM- 1. samyagdarzana meM anurAga 2. anidAnatA 3 zukla lezyA meM lInatA 4. jinavacana meM anurakti 5. jinavacanoM kI bhAvapUrvaka jIvana meM kriyAnviti 6 . AlocanA dvArA Atma- -zuddhi / kAndarpI Adi aprazasta bhAvanAoM kA varNana 36.263 se 36. 267 meM kiyA gayA hai| kandarpa ke pAMca lakSaNa batAe gae haiM- 1. aTTahAsa

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346 jinavANI- jainAgama sAhitya vizeSAGka pUrvaka haMsanA 2. guru Adi ke sAtha vakrokti yA vyaMgyapUrvaka khulamakhullA bolanA yA mu~ha phaTa honA 3. kAma kathA karanA 4. kAma kA upadeza denA aura 5. kAma kI prazaMsA karanA / kAndarpI bhAvanA, abhiyogI bhAvanA, kilviSikI bhAvanA, AsurI bhAvanA, sammohA bhAvanA ina pAMca bhAvanAoM kA AcaraNa nahIM karanA cAhie / iya pAukare buddhe nAyae parinivvue / chattIsa uttarajjhAe bhavasiddhIyasaMmae / 136.268 / / bhavasiddhika jIvoM ke lie uttarAdhyayana ke chattIsa adhyayanoM ko prakaTa karake bhagavAna mahAvIra prabhu nirvANa ko prApta hue| upasaMhAra uttarAdhyayana ke chattIsa adhyayanoM ko par3hane se spaSTa hotA hai ki isakI bhASA aura kathana zailI vilakSaNa aura viziSTa hai| isake kucha adhyayana praznottara zailI meM, kucha kathAnaka ke rUpa meM to kucha upadezAtmaka haiN| ina sabhI adhyayanoM meM vItarAgavANI kA nirmala pravAha pravAhita hai| isakI bhASA zailI meM kAvyAtmakatA aura lAlitya hai| sthAna-sthAna para upamA alaMkAra evaM dRSTAntoM kI bharamAra hai, jisase kathana zailI meM saralatA va rocakatA ke sAtha-sAtha camatkAritA bhI paidA huI hai| cAroM anuyogoM kA sundara samanvaya uttarAdhyayana meM prApta hotA hai| vaise ise dharmakathAnuyoga meM parigaNita kiyA gayA hai, kyoMki isake chattIsa meM se caudaha adhyayana dharmakathAtmaka haiN| uttarAdhyayana meM jIva, ajIva, karmavAda, SaDdravya, navatattva, pArzvanAtha aura mahAvIra kI paramparA prabhRti sabhI viSayoM kA samucita rUpa se pratipAdana huA hai| uttarAdhyayana para niyukti, bhASya, cUrNi, saMskRta bhASAoM meM aneka TIkAe~ aura usake pazcAt vipula mAtrA meM hindI anuvAda aura vivecana likhe gae haiM, jo isa Agama kI lokapriyatA kA jvalanta udAharaNa hai / bhavasiddhika aura parimita saMsArI jIva isakA nitya svAdhyAya kara apane jIvana ko AdhyAtmika Aloka se Alokita kara sakeMge, ataH pratidina isa sUtra kA avazya svAdhyAya karanA caahie| pratyeka dharmapremI bandhu ko pratidina isa sUtra kA svAdhyAya avazya karanA caahie| yaha saMbhava nahIM ho to kama se kama eka adhyayana kA svAdhyAya sAmAyika ke sAtha karanA Avazyaka hai / aisA merA namra nivedana hai| - pUrva nyAyAdhIza, rAjasthAna ucca nyAyAlaya, pUrva adhyakSa, rAjya Ayoga upabhoktA saMrakSaNa, rAjasthAna saMrakSaka - a. bhA. zrI jaina ratna hitaiSI zrAvaka saMgha "candana" bI-2 ror3a, pAvaTA, jodhapura

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uttarAdhyayana sUtra meM vinaya kA vivecana o AcAryapravara zrI hIrAcandra jI ma.sA. uttarAdhyayanasUtra kI mahattA nirvivAda hai| isake 36 adhyayanoM meM tattvamImAMsA, AcAramImAMsA evaM jJAnamImAMsA kA vivecana prApta hai| yaha zramaNa evaM zramaNopAsaka donoM vargo meM lokapriya hai| ardhamAgadhI prAkRta sUtroM meM uttarAdhyayanasUtra hI aisA hai, jisase saMkSepa meM saralatayA Avazyaka bodha ho jAtA hai / ratnavaMza ke aSTama paTTadhara AcAryapravara zrI hIrAcandra jI ma. sA. uttarAdhyayana sUtra ko AdhAra banAkara kaI bAra pravacana pharamAte haiN| uttarAdhyayana sUtra ke vinaya adhyayana ko lekara bhI unhoMne kaI pravacana die haiN| unhIM pravacanoM meM se kucha aMza yahA~ unake pravacanoM kI pustaka 'hIrA pravacana- pIyUSa bhAga -1' se saMkalita kara prakAzita kiyA jA rahA hai| -sampAdaka tIrthakara bhagavAna mahAvIra kI antima anamola vANI 'uttarAdhyayanasUtra' kA cAturmAsika caturdazI ke dina prArambha kiyA thA, do dina kI asajjhAya ho jAne se zAstra vAcanA nahIM karake cAturmAsa meM karaNIya vizeSa karttavyoM kA bodha ho, isa dRSTi se kala rAtri bhojana tyAga kI bAta sAmane rakhI gaI, Aja tIrthaMkara bhagavAn mahAvIra prabhu kI usa antima vANI para vicAra kiyA jA rahA hai| 'uttara' zabda ke tIna artha sUtra kA nAma hai- uttraadhyyn| isake uttara aura adhyayana do vibhAga hote haiN| AcArya bhagavantoM ne uttara zabda ke tIna artha pramukhatA se kie haiN| eka uttara 'pazcAt' artha meM prayukta hotA hai / yathA- * pUrvapakSa, uttarapakSa / pUrva kathana, uttara kathana / arthAt kisI sUtra ke bAda kahA jAne vAlA sUtra hai uttraadhyyn| dUsarA artha hai- uttara yAnI samAdhAna / prazna aura usakA uttara, jise Apa zaMkA aura samAdhAna ke nAma se bhI kaha sakate haiN| bhava-bhramaNa kI samasyAoM kA samAdhAna karane ke sAtha, Atma-svabhAva, Atmacintana, AtmajAgaraNa aura AtmA-paramAtmA ke viSaya meM kina-kina samasyAoM kA kina-kina sAdhanAoM se kisa krama meM samAdhAna karanA, uttarAdhyayana sUtra isakA kathana karatA hai| 'uttara' zabda kA tIsarA artha hai- pradhAna, zreSTha, uttama / bhagavAna mahAvIra prabhu kI antima samaya meM sArabhUta, uttama, zreSTha vANI hone se isa sUtra ko uttarAdhyayana sUtra kahA jA rahA hai| pazcAt kahane ke artha meM yaha sUtra dazavaikAlika ke bAda par3hA jAtA hai| AcArya zayyaMbhava dvArA manaka muni hetu pUrvo se sAra nikAlakara dazavaikAlika sUtra kI racanA kI gii| usake bAda isa sUtra kA vAcana, paThana yA vyAkhyAna kiyA jAtA hai| isaliye nAma kI taraha artha kA sAmya bhI baiThatA hai / TIkAkAra svayaM jijJAsA karate haiM- uttarAdhyayana sUtra uttama sUtra hai, zreSTha aura pradhAna sUtra hai / uttarAdhyayana sUtra ko zreSTha, uttama, pradhAna va sArabhUta

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| 348 jinavANI- jainAgama-sAhitya vizeSAGaka sUtra kahane ke pIche kyA yaha tAtparya hai ki jIvana bhara tIrthakara mahAvIra prabhu ne jina aMga sUtroM kA kathana kiyA ve kama zreSTha the? kyA dUsare aMgasUtroM meM koI kamI thI? athavA ve sUtra Atma-paramAtma tattva se jor3ane meM kucha nyUnatA vAle the? yadi nahIM, to uttarAdhyayana sUtra ko uttama, zreSTha aura pradhAna kisa hetu se kahA jA rahA hai? samAdhAna hai- jIvana ke antima samaya meM nicor3a rUpa kahI gayI vANI sArabhUta kahalAtI hai| prabhu mahAvIra ne sAdhanA ke kSetra meM kadama bar3hAkara ghanaghAnI karmoM ko kSaya karane ke bAda cAra tIrthoM kI sthApanA kI aura vANI kA vAgaraNa kiyaa| tIrthakara bhagavAn mahAvIra kI vANI kI 'tripadI' se gaNadhara bhagavantoM ne apane kSayopazama ke anusAra caudaha pUrvo kI racanA kI aura bhagavanta kI vANI ke arthoM ko sUtra rUpa meM guMphita kiyaa| AcArAMga sUtra pA~ca AcAroM kA, mahAvratoM kA, samitigupti kA, kaSAyoM se haTane kA aura vItarAga bhAva kI ora bar3hane kA kathana karatA hai| sUyagaDAMga sUtra sva-siddhAntoM ke maMDana aura para darzanoM kI mAnyatAoM kA anekAnta dRSTi se pratipAdana karane kI sthiti se khaNDana-maNDana karatA hai| ThANAMga sUtra meM, yaha vastu hai to kisa apekSA se kauna se naya se haiM, isakA eka-do-tIna isa taraha bheda-prabheda karate-karate dasa ThANoM meM varNana hai| samavAyAMga sUtra meM dravyAnuyoga, jIva, karma, Asrava, saMvara, mokSa Adi viSayoM kA bheda-prabheda sahita vibhinna samavAyoM meM varNana hai| samavAyoM ke mAdhyama se isameM viziSTa jJAnasAmagrI saMkalita hai| bhagavatI sUtra meM anekAneka jijJAsAoM kA samAdhAna hai| chattIsa hajAra jijJAsAe~ aura unakA samAdhAna bhagavatI sUtra meM hai| jJAtAdharmakathA 'jJAta' arthAt udAharaNa yA dRSTAntoM ke mAdhyama se aura upamAoM ke mAdhyama se avaguNa chor3ane kI bAta rakhatA hai| upAsakadazAMga meM dasa zrAvakoM kA varNana hai| anyAnya gaNadharoM ne isI taraha dasa-dasa zrAvakoM kA alaga-alaga varNana kiyA hai| antagaDadasA sUtra meM jIvana ke antima samaya meM karmoM kA anta kara samAdhi prApta karane vAle, parinirvANa aura mokSa prApta karane vAle nabbe jIvoM kA varNana hai| aNuttarovavAi meM alpakAla meM adhika nirjarA kara anuttara vimAna meM utpanna hone vAle jIvoM kA varNana hai| praznavyAkaraNa aneka prakAra kI labdhiyoM-siddhiyoM kA varNana karane vAlA sUtra thaa| vartamAna meM usameM 5 Asrava evaM 5 saMvara kA varNana milatA hai| vipAkasUtra sukha-duHkha kA varNana karatA hai| sAtha hI kisa taraha duHkha dene se, asAtA pahu~cAne se jIvana meM kaSTAnubhUti hotI hai aura usameM samabhAva rakhane se mokSa kI prApti hotI hai, isakA varNana hai| sukhavipAka meM janma se sukha-samAdhipUrvaka puNya phala bhogate hue mokSa jAne vAloM kA kathana hai|

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| uttarAdhyayanasUtra meM vinaya kA vivecana sAla 349 uttarAdhyayana kI 'mUla' saMjJA aMgazAstra kI sAragarbhita vANI kA kathana karane ke bAda prabhu mahAvIra ne mokSa jAne ke pUrva uttarAdhyayana sUtra ke antargata pacapana pApa-vipAka, pacapana puNyavipAkoM kA varNana karate hue chattIsaveM adhyayana meM marudevI mAtA kA ullekha karate hue parinirvANa prApta kiyA hai| uttarAdhyayana sUtra prabhu mahAvIra kI antima vANI hai. isalie isa sUtra meM sArabhUta cAra anuyogoM kA kathana hai, mAtra dharmakathAnuyoga kA hI nhiiN| uttarAdhyayana sUtra kI bAraha sau varSoM taka mUla sUtra meM gaNanA nahIM kI jAtI thii| isake pazcAt ise mUla sUtra meM ginA jAne lgaa| uttarAdhyayana, dazavaikAlika, nandI aura anuyogadvAra- ye cAra sUtra jJAna, darzana, cAritra, tapa rUpa mUlaguNa-sAdhanA kA varNana karane vAle haiN| isa dRSTi se AcAryoM ne inheM mUla rUpa meM mUlasUtra kI saMjJA dI ho, aisA lagatA hai| AcArya bhagavanta (zrI hastImala jI ma.sA.) kI bhASA meM kahU~ to uttarAdhyayana sUtra jaina dharma kI gItA hai| vaidika paramparA meM jo sthAna gItA kA hai, islAma paramparA meM jo sthAna kurAna kA hai, IsAI mata meM jo sthAna bAibala kA hai, bauddha paramparA meM jo sthAna dhammapada kA hai, vahI sthAna jaina dharma meM uttarAdhyayana sUtra kA hai| isa sUtra meM jIvana ke AdikAla se antakAla taka, vinaya se lekara jIva-ajIva kA bhedakara mokSa jAne taka kA sarala subodha zailI meM varNana upalabdha hai| ata: ise jaina dharma kI gItA ke nAma se kahA jA rahA hai| isakA eka-eka sUtra jIvana meM utArane lAyaka hai| uttarAdhyayana sUtra saMjIvanI bUTI hai| saMjIvanI jaise sampUrNa rogoM kA nikandana kara sakatI hai, aise hI vikAroM ke zamana ke lie uttarAdhyayana saMjIvanI hai| bhagavAna kI isa anamola vANI uttarAdhyayana sUtra kA Adi adhyayana 'vinaya' hai| zAstra ke mUla zabda sAmane rakha rahA hU~ saMjogA viSNamukkassa, aNagArassa bhikkhunno| viNayaM pAukarissAmi, ANupuTviM suNeha me|| arthAt jo saMyoga se mukta evaM anagAra hai, usa bhikSAjIvI sAdhu ke vinaya ko prakaTa kruuNgaa| tIrthakara bhagavAna mahAvIra dvArA Agama kI artharUpa meM vAgaraNA kI gii| usa vANI ko gaNadharoM ne sUtra rUpa meM gumphita kiyaa| sUtra kahalAtA hI vaha hai jisameM sAra bhAga adhika hotA hai| zabda thor3e, artha adhik| vinaya kA mahattva bhagavAna mahAvIra mokSa ke sAdhanarUpa jJAna-darzana-cAritra kA prathama kathana karane kI bajAya pahale vinaya kA kathana karane kI bAta kaha rahe haiN| aisA kyoM? zAstra kahatA hai- vinaya guNoM kA AdhAra hai| vinaya hI jJAna, darzana, cAritra kI prApti kA AdhArabhUta guNa kahA gayA hai| eka zabda meM kaheM

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| 350 jinavANI- jainAgama-sAhitya vizeSAGka to guNoM ko dUSita karane vAlA durguNa hai ahaMkAra / avaguNoM meM guNoM ko sugandha DAlane vAlA kalArUpa sAdhana hai 'vinaya' / sampUrNa zreSThatAoM ko vikArI bhAva dene kA doSa ahaMkAra meM hai| jaise dUdha meM DAlI gaI kAcarI, halave meM par3A huA jahara vastu ko viSAkta banAkara unheM akhAdya-apeya banA detA hai, usI taraha mokSamArga meM caraNa bar3hAne vAle jJAna, darzana, cAritra ke guNoM ko bhI ahaMkAra viSAkta banA detA hai| isIlie nItikAra kahate haiM-- nagara meM praveza karane ke jaise daravAje hote haiM, nadI-tAlAba meM utarane ke lie jaise ghATa banAye jAte haiM, jaMgala meM praveza hetu jaise pagaDaNDI hotI hai usI taraha jJAna, darzana, cAritra kI yogyatA-pAtratA lAne ke lie vinaya daravAjA hai, ghATa hai, pagaDaNDI hai| isalie artha kiyA jAtA hai- 'vizeSeNa nayati prApayati jJAnAdiguNamasau vinyH|' arthAt jo jIvana meM jJAna, darzana, cAritra ke guNoM ko vizeSa rUpa se khIMcakara lAye, use vinaya kahate haiN| vinaya kA sAmAnya, sarala, bodhAtmaka artha bhI samAdhAna ke rUpa meM kahA jA rahA hai- 'viziSTo vividho vA nayo nIti, vinyH| vividha prakAra ke yA viziSTa naya arthAt nIti mArga ko bhI vinaya kahate haiN| yaha vinaya kinakA karanA cAhiye? isa vinaya ke kauna adhikArI haiM? isake jJAna vinaya,darzana vinaya, cAritra vinaya aura tapa vinaya ke rUpa meM cAra bheda kiye jAte haiN| pA~ca bheda rUpa bhI kathana kiyA jAtA hai| anuvartana, pravartana, anuzAsana, suzrUSA aura ziSTAcAra, ye vinaya ke pA~ca bheda kiye gaye haiN| eka vinayavAda hai| tIrthakara prabhu mahAvIra ke samaya meM 363 vAda kahe jAte the| unameM eka vAda kA nAma vinayavAda thaa| kriyAvAda, akriyAvAda, ajJAnavAda aura vinayavAda- ye cAra bheda anya matoM meM kiye gae haiM, jinameM eka mata hai "vinyvaad'| usa mata meM cAhe koI jJAnI hai, guNI hai, avaguNI hai, zreSTha hai, hIna hai, dIna hai, nirdhana hai, pratyeka prANI kA vinaya karanA caahie| rAjAdhirAja ko, mahAmaMtrI ko, zIlavAna sajjana puruSoM ko aura zreSThivaryoM ko namaskAra karane ke sAtha vahA~ kutte-billI ko bhI namaskAra kiyA gayA hai| unake anusAra jo bhI AtmA hai, vaha paramAtmA hai| isa mata ke anusAra devatA, rAjA, sAdhu, jJAti, vRddha, adhama, mAtA tathA pitA ko mana, vacana va kAyA se dezakAlAnusAra vinaya kiyA jAtA hai| kintu yaha vinaya jJAnapUrvaka nahIM hotA vinaya ke sAta bheda vinaya ko lekara prabhu mahAvIra ne sAta bheda kiye haiM- jJAna vinaya, darzana vinaya, cAritra vinaya, mana vinaya, vacana vinaya, kAyA vinaya aura lokopacAra viny| vinaya kinakA karanA cAhie, isa saMbaMdha ko lekara unhoMne tIna sUtra

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uttarAdhyayanasUtra meM vinaya kA vivecana 351 rakhe haiM---jJAniyoM kA, zraddhAvAnoM kA aura cAritra AtmAoM kA vinaya kro| ina tInoM kA Adara, sammAna aura vinaya karanA Avazyaka btaayaa| vinaya ke tIna sAdhana haiM-- mana, vacana aura kaayaa| unake AdhAra para mana vinaya, vacana vinaya evaM kAyA vinaya nAma die ge| loka-vyavahAra kI dRSTi se jo vinaya kiyA jAtA hai vaha lokopacAra vinaya hai| yaha ziSTAcAra athavA dUsaroM kI icchA kI pUrti ke lie bhI kiyA jAtA hai| saMsAra meM pratyeka prANI vinaya karate dekhA jAtA hai, isalie vinaya ke bheda karate samaya kahA gayA- artha vinaya bhI hai, kAma vinaya bhI hai, bhaya vinaya bhI hai| artha kI prApti hetu eka putra apane pitA kA, eka bahU apanI sAsa kA, eka naukara apane svAmI kA, eka sAmAnya sA klarka apane adhikArI kA vinaya karate dekhA jAtA hai| yaha vinaya svArtha se hai| kAmanA ke vazIbhUta hokara bhI vyakti ko vinaya karate hue dekhA jAtA hai| guNa lene haiM, kalAe~ sIkhanI haiM, sAmane vAle kI sampadA ko lenA hai, aisI sthiti meM namratA evaM vinaya karane vAlA jhukatA hai,Adara sammAna detA hai| kabhI bhaya se bhI vinaya kiyA jAtA hai| galatI ho gaI, kucha kho gayA, nukasAna ho gayA, aisI sthiti meM bhaya ke mAre vinaya karane vAle bhI hote haiN| ye artha, kAma, bhayAdi vinaya svArtha ke vazIbhata kie jAte haiN| yahA~ isa prakAra ke vinaya kA varNana nahIM kiyA jA rahA hai| yahA~ jisa 'vinaya' kA varNana kiyA jA rahA hai vaha ahaMkAra ko galAne vAlA hai| vinaya : samasta gaNoM kA mUla ahaMkAra, mAyA Adi se rahita vinaya dharma kA mUla hai| vaha vinaya Abhyantara tapa hai| prabhu mahAvIra kaha rahe haiM-- maiM saMyogamukta bhikSAjIvI aNagAra kA vinaya guNa prakaTa kruuNgaa| isalie karU~gA ki yaha vinaya jisake jIvana meM hai, usake guNa vikasita hote haiM, zobhita hote haiN| isalie anyatra bhI kahA gayA hai nabhobhUSA pUSA kamalavanabhUSA madhukaro, vacobhUSA satyaM varavibhavabhUSA vitrnnN| manobhUSA maitrI madhusamayabhUSA manasijaH, sado bhUSA sUktiH sakalaguNabhUSA ca vinayaH / / vinaya sabhI guNoM kA bhUSaNa hai| jaise AkAza kA bhUSaNa sUrya hai, kamalavana kA bhUSaNa bhramara hai, vANI kA bhUSaNa satya hai, vaibhava kA bhUSaNa dAna hai, mana kA bhUSaNa mitratA hai, sajjana kA bhUSaNa usakA subhASita vacana hai, isI taraha saba guNoM kA bhUSaNa vinaya hai| __zAstra kA kathana hai-- vinayI mdhurbhaassii| vinayazIla vyakti kucha nahIM dekara bhI prema aura vizvAsa arjita kara letA hai aura viziSTa padArthoM ko dekara bhI vinayahIna vyakti prema tor3a detA hai| rAbar3I khilAkara bhI 'phUla aura

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| 352 jinavANI- jainAgama-sAhitya vizeSAGka phUla kI pAMkhur3I ' ke alAvA mujha garIba ke pAsa kyA mila sakatA hai, isa bAta ko kahakara vinayI prema arjita kara letA hai aura pA~ca pakavAna khilAkara mana meM ahaMkAra rakhane vAlA eka bAta kaha detA hai ki- jIvana meM kabhI aise padArtha kahIM sevana kiye haiM kyA? to vaha vidveSa bAMdha letA hai| zAstrakAra kaha rahe haiM- vyavahAra jagat meM jo loga svArtha ke vazIbhUta hokara vinaya karate haiM, mokSa mArga meM usakA kathana nahIM kiyA jA rahA hai| jisake jIvana kA yaha aMtaraMga guNa banA huA hai, sahaja bAhara aura antara kA eka rUpa rakhakara jo pramodabhAva se sammAna-satkAra kiyA jA rahA hai usa vinaya kA yahA~ varNana hai aura usI vinaya ko dharma kA mUla kahA jA rahA hai| dazavaikAlika sUtra ke nauveM adhyayana meM vinaya ko dharma ke mala ke rUpa meM kahA gayA mUlAo khaMdhappabhavo dummassa, khaMdhAo pacchA samuveMti saahaa| sAhappasAhA viruhaMti pattA, tao si puSpaM ca phalaM raso y|| evaM dhammassa viNao mUlaM, paramo se mokkho| jeNa kittiM suaM sigghaM, NissesaM caabhigcchdd||dshvai.9.1.2|| arthAt jaise vRkSa ke mUla meM zAkhA-prazAkhA puSpa phala utpanna hote haiM usI taraha dharma kA mUla vinaya hai| jJAna, darzana, cAritra Adi guNa zAkhAprazAkhA-puSpa ke rUpa meM haiM aura mokSa usakA phala kahA gayA hai| vinayAyattA: guNA: srve...| jinake jIvana meM vinaya hai, ve sabhI guNa prApta kara sakate haiN| vinaya arthAt kAyA se jhukanA, vacana se madhura bolanA aura mana se sammAna kI bhAvanA honaa| cAra bhaMga __ bhagavaMta (AcArya zrI hastImala jI ma.sA.) ise cAra bhAgoM meM bAMTate the| kahIM kAyA kA vinaya hai, mana kA nhiiN| kahIM mana meM vinaya hai, kAyA meM nhiiN| kahIM mana aura kAyA donoM meM vinaya hai, to kahIM mana aura kAyA donoM meM vinaya nahIM hai| prAcIna paramparA meM kabhI ghara kA koI bar3A bujurga ghara meM praveza kara jAtA to Aja kI taraha jaise naI vadhU khule mu~ha, bikhare bAla sAmane Akara bola jAtI hai, pahale aisA nahIM thaa| bujurgoM ke praveza karane ke sAtha bahU dubaka kara baiTha jAtI, aMga-pratyaMga kA saMkoca kara letii| kriyA se vaha bahU caraNa nahIM chUtI thI, para mana meM sammAna kI bhAvanA thii| eka baccA jo pAThazAlA meM adhyayana kara rahA hai, zikSaka ke Ane para kriyA se khar3A hotA hai, namaskAra karatA hai, zabdoM meM sammAna karatA hai, para usake mana meM vinaya nahIM hai| 'yaha mAsTara pITatA bahuta hai' mana kI bhAvanA hai ki isakI badalI zIghra ho jAya aura yaha calA jAya, badalI na ho to pIriyaDa to khatma ho| baccA kAyA se to jhuka rahA hai, para mana se nhiiN| vinaya kA sarvotkRSTa rUpa hai tana, vacana aura mana tInoM se vinaya kA honaa| vinaya ke isa rUpa se sampanna vyakti sadguNI ko dekhakara hAtha

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uttarAdhyayanasUtra meM vinaya kA vivecana 353 jor3egA, namaskAra karegA, padhAro karake uccAraNa bhI karegA evaM mana se bhI Adara degaa| kucha aise udAharaNa haiM jinake na tana meM vinaya hai, na mana meN| putra hai, ziSya hai, para viparIta AcaraNa karane vAlA hai| zAstra kaha rahA hai- gRhastha ko vinaya karanA par3atA hai, vyavahAra kI gAr3I calAne ke lie| eka gRhastha ke yahA~ dUsarA gRhastha janma, zAdI aura mRtyu jaise prasaMgoM meM isalie jAtA hai ki 'maiM jAU~gA to vaha bhI aaegaa| maiM nahIM gayA to vaha bhI nahIM aaegaa|' parantu AdhyAtmika dRSTi se jo svAvalambI hai, kArya karane na karane kI jise svatantratA hai, kisI ke anuzAsana kI jise AvazyakatA nahIM, aise vyakti vinaya kyoM kareM? zAstra kaha rahA hai- yadi zrutajJAna pAnA cAhate ho, jIvana meM sukha evaM zAMti pAnA cAhate ho to vinaya kA AcaraNa kA vizeSatA jIvana calAne meM nahIM, jIvana kA nirmANa karane meM hai| ajJAna rUpa aMdhakAra ko haTAkara nIti aura dharma ke mAdhyama se jIva kA nirmANa kara AtmonmukhI bananA hara vyakti ke vaza kI bAta nahIM hai| sUtroM kA paThana-pAThana aura Agamika-jJAna jIvana calAne ke lie nahIM, apitu jIvana nirmANa ke lie upayogI hai| vinaya se jIvana nirmANa vANI vaha jo jIvana kA nirmANa kare, jisameM komalatA, madhuratA, vinamratA ho, jo IrSyA-dveSa kI dIvAroM ko tor3e aura sneha-prema kI dhArA pravAhita kre| vANI eka dUsare ke jJAna meM sahAyaka bana sakatI hai, mukti se jor3a sakatI hai| vANI meM, vyavahAra meM vinaya dharma Avazyaka hai, anyathA sar3e kAna vAlI kutiyA kI bhAMti jahAM bhI jAeMge, dutkAre jAeMge-nikAla die jaaeNge| uttarAdhyayana sUtra meM prabhu ne vinaya dharma ko jIvana nirmANa kA, Atma vikAsa kA sUtra batAyA hai| vinaya dharma kA saMdeza usa divyAtmA ke samaya meM jitanA upayogI thA, Aja ke prati bhautikavAdI yuga meM usakI upayogitA aura bhI adhika hai| Aja vizva bhara meM anuzAsanahInatA, azAMti, ucchaMkhalatA, anaitikatA aura cAritrika kamiyA~ bar3ha gaI haiN| inheM dUra karanA hai to mahAvIra kI vANI ko, unake sUtroM ko jIvana meM utAranA hogaa| anyathA vahI hogA jo prabhu ne uttarAdhyayana sUtra ke pahale adhyAya kI cauthI gAthA meM pharamAyA hai-- jahA suNI pUIkaNNI, Nikkasijjai svvso| evaM dussIlapaDiNIe. muharI nnikksijji||| gAthA meM sar3e kAna vAlI kutiyA se duSTa svabhAva vAle, durvinIta, durAcArI vyakti kI tulanA karate hue kahA gayA hai ki jaise sar3e kAnavAlI kutiyA ko, kAna meM pIpa-rassI par3a jAne yA kIr3e par3a jAne ke kAraNa sabhI

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354 jinavANI- jainAgama-sAhitya vizeSAGka jagaha se nikAla dikhA jAtA hai, dutkAra kara bhagA diyA jAtA hai, ThIka vaise hI jo vyakti durAcArI haiM, pratyanIka (kRtaghna) haiM, mukharI (vAcAla) haiM- unheM bhI sabhI sthAnoM se nikAla diyA jAtA hai| durvinIta kA pahalA avaguNa : duHzIlatA durvinIta vyakti ke isa gAthA meM tIna avaguNa yA lakSaNa batAe gae haiN| pahalA avaguNa hai usakA duzzIla honA, durAcArI honA, sadAcAra-rahita honA / zIla jIvana kA zRMgAra hai, samAja meM pratiSThA dilAne vAlA hai, jIvana ko U~cA uThAne vAlA hai| avinIta vyakti sadAcAra aura zIla ke mahattva ko jAnate bUjhate hue bhI avaguNa- ArAdhaka bana kara durAcAra va duHzIla meM pravRtta hotA hai| durAcArI vyakti 'zIla' ko samajha kara bhI viparIta AcaraNa meM khuza hotA huA nirantara adha: patana ko prApta hotA hai| ahiMsA, satya, acaurya, brahmacarya, aparigraha Adi guNoM ke mahattva ko jAna kara bhI hiMsA Adi meM apane-Apako jhauMka detA hai / use batAyA jAtA hai ki hiMsA avaguNa hai, ahiMsA sadguNa hai| jhUTha pratIti ko ghaTAne vAlA hai, satya vizvAsa ko bar3hAne vAlA hai| corI asthiratA detI hai, para acaurya sthiratA pradAna karatA hai| maithuna jIvana-vinAza kA kSaNa hai to brahmacarya jIvana vikAsa kA kAraNa / parigraha asaMtoSa va azAMti dAtA hai, jabaki aparigraha se saMtoSa, zAMti va sukha milatA hai| zIlavAn hI saMsAra meM zobhA pAte haiM, duzzIla vyakti apayaza va nindA ke bhAgI hote haiM / durAcAra samasta pada-pratiSThA ko dhUla meM milAne vAlA hotA hai| hajAroM-lAkhoM vyakti ina hitopadezoM ko, jIvana nirmANakArI sUtroM ko sunate haiM, para ajJAnI jIva zIlarUpa sadAcaraNa kA tyAga kara kuzIlasevana meM nirata ho jAte haiM / dUsarA avaguNa: kRtaghnatA durvinIta kA dUsarA lakSNa batAyA hai pratyanIkatA arthAt virodhI AcaraNa rUpa kRtaghnatA / do taraha ke vyakti hote haiM eka kRtajJa aura dUsare kRtaghna / kRtajJa kA artha hai kRta arthAt kie gae ko 'jJa' arthAt jAnane-mAnane vAlA / kRtaghna isake ThIka viparIta hotA hai, arthAt vaha apane prati kie gae upakArAdi ko bhulA detA hai, usakI smRti taka ko miTA detA hai, yAda dilAo to viparIta bhASaNa, AcaraNa karatA hai| dUsaroM ke kie gae upakAra para pAnI phirA dene vAle kRtaghna vyakti kahIM Tikate nhiiN| koI unako Adara nahIM detaa| sabhI unase dUra rahanA, unako dUra rakhanA pasanda karate haiN| ve ghara se nikAla die jAte haiM aura jana-jana se tiraskRta hote haiN| Aja ke yuga meM kRtajJa kama haiM aura kRtaghna vyaktiyoM kI bharamAra hai| parivAra se hI calie / parivAra meM mA~ kA darjA sarvazreSTha mAnA jAtA

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| uttarAdhyayanasUtra meM vinaya kA vivecana 3557 hai, para usI mA~ se saMbaMdha tor3ane meM putra ko tanika bhI hicakicAhaTa nahIM hotii| Apa zrAvakoM meM hI nahIM, yahA~ hama zramaNoM kI zreNI meM bhI isa taraha ke kRtaghna ho sakate haiN| saM. 2020 meM ajamera meM sAdhu-sammelana kA Ayojana huaa| anekAneka zramaNa saMgha padAdhikArI padhAre, anya vidvAna-jJAnI zramaNa bhI pdhaare| AcArya bhagavaMta ke sAtha maiM bhI vahA~ thaa| eka bAra eka saMta se vArtA kA avasara aayaa| una mahAnubhAva ne apane guru bhagavaMta kA sAtha chor3a diyA thaa| maiMne unase pUchA- "tumane apane gurujI kA sAtha kyoM chor3a diyA? jaba tuma dIkSA lene Ae taba zramaNa-dharma kA, Agama-jJAna 'a' 'ba' bhI nahIM jAnate the, tumhAre gurudeva ne na jAne kitanI mehanata kara tumako sikhAyA, par3hAyA aura taiyAra kiyaa| tumheM yogya banAne ke lie unhoMne apanI sAdhanA, apanA svAdhyAya, apanA jJAna-dhyAna chor3akara samaya nikAlA, aise upakArI guru se tuma alaga kaise ho gae?'' jAnate haiM Apa, kyA javAba diyA usa zramaNa ne? usane kahA- "mhArA gurujI yUM to sagalA kAma mhAre vAste kariyA paNa mhArA sUM bakhANa nI dirAvatA, iNa vAste Ago vego| Ave jiNAM tUM ehIja bole, mhaneM to bolaNAde konI, jare pache kAI phAyado?'' aise anya bIsiyoM dRSTAnta hameM apane Asa-pAsa ke samAja meM mileNge| tIsarA avaguNa : mukharI vacana durvinIta kA tIsarA lakSaNa batAyA hai- mukharI arthAt vaacaal| "mukharI'' zabda ke tIna artha lie jAte haiN| eka binA matalaba bolane vAlA, dRsaga jinakA mukha zatru hai arthAt jinheM DhaMga se bolanA nahIM aataa| mAravAr3I meM kaha~ to- 'bAI kevatA rAMDa aave|'' tIsarA- jinheM sIdhI bAta kahane kI Adata nahIM, jo hara bAta meM Ar3A-Ter3hA hI bolate haiN| binA matalaba bolane vAle kabhI cupa nahIM baitthte| jaise reDiyo kA baTana oNna karane para reDiyo bolane lagatA hai vaise hI ina logoM se kucha pUcha lo, thor3A cher3a lo phira ye bolate hI cale jAte haiN| sthiti aisI AtI hai ki sunane vAloM ko inheM hAtha jor3akara vahA~ se uThanA par3atA hai| loga unheM dekhakara apanA rAstA taka badala dete haiM, unase bacane ke lie| mukharI (mukha+ arI) prakRti kI eka tapasvI bAI ne tapArAdhana kiyaa| Apa usakI sAtA pUchane cale ge| apanI prakRti ke anusAra vaha kahegI'aba AyA ho mhArI sAtA pUchaNa ne, tapasyA pUrI hUgI abe to kAle mhAre pAraNo hai|' pUchane Ae the sAtA, pA~ca bAta sunanI pdd'ii| kisI ne bhaNDArI sA se pUchA- "kIkara bhaNDArI sA, baiThA ho!'' phaTAka se javAba mila jAegA- "suhAve konI to gur3Aya de bhaaii|' aura yadi binA unako batalAe Age nikala gae to bhI sunagA to

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356 jinavANI- jainAgama-sAhitya vizeSAGaka par3egA hI kAla rA jAyA - janamiyA, thor3I paDhAI kaI kara lIvI, aiDI akdd'aaii| dekho to rAma-rAma karaNAM sU hI gyaa|" aise vyakti hara bAta meM lar3ane ko tatpara rahate haiN| aise aneka avinIta- durvinIta kadama-kadama para yahA~ mila jaaeNge| bandhuoM! durguNoM ko chodd'o| jJAna, darzana, cAritra Adi AtmaguNoM ke sAdhana vinaya se prIti kro| vinaya tapa hai, vinaya dharma hai, vinaya hI jIvana nirmANa kI kalA hai| vinayavAna bano, dharma kI ArAdhanA karo, tapa kI sAdhanA karo tabhI sukha, zAMti va Ananda kI prApti ho skegii| vinaya sarvatra Avazyaka vinaya kA vyavahAra zramaNa aura zrAvaka sabhI ke lie Avazyaka hai| ghara, parivAra, muhalle, samAja sarvatra hI vinaya jarUrI hai| kaI vyakti Ate haiN| jo anubhava sunAte haiM ki jinako Apa logoM ne adhyakSa banAyA hai, maMtrI banAyA hai-- ve jaba kAryakAriNI Adi kI baiThakeM bulAte haiM to jo kucha aura jaisA kucha vahA~ hotA hai, sunakara acambhita raha jAte haiN| socatA hU~ yaha osavAloM kI, jaina samAja kI mITiMga hai yA aura kucha / saMskAra nirmANa aura vinaya vinaya jitanA bhUtakAla meM Avazyaka thA, usase bhI adhika usakI vartamAna meM AvazyakatA hai| pahale to pUrvajoM se, bar3e-bUr3hoM se ghara meM, gurujanoM se zAlA meM saMskAra mila jAte the para Aja ? Aja samAja zanaiH zanai: saMskArahIna banatA jA rahA hai| zizu thor3A sA bar3A huA aura DhAI tIna varSa kI umra meM hI use skUla bheja diyA jAtA hai / bahaneM khuza ki calo jhaMjhaTa miTI, tIna-cAra ghaNTe to ArAma se biiteNge| Apa loga bhI khuza ki baccA skUla jA rahA hai, par3ha rahA hai, sIkha rahA hai| jisa umra meM bacce kI mAM kI goda meM sneha - mamatA prApta honI cAhie, pitA kI chatra-chAyA, pyAra-dulAra saMskAra milanA cAhie, Aja usa bacce ko skUla bhejakara bhArI bojha se dabA diyA jAtA hai| bhArabhUta banA vaha aisI zikSA prApta kara rahA hai, jo usake jIvana meM zAyada hI kAma aae| saMskAra nirmANa kA to vahA~ prazna hI kahA~ hai ? aba socie baccoM meM saMskAra kahAM se AeMge, kahA~ se sIkhegA jIvana-nirmANa kI kalA vaha baccA ? kyA yahI bacce kI samucita vyavasthA hai ? vinaya- ziSTAcAra uttarAdhyayana sUtra meM ziSTAcAra rUpa vinaya kA varNana karate hue prabhu mahAvIra ne batAyA hai ki vinayazIla sAdhaka ko apane guru ke samakSa kaise baiThanA cAhie ? sUtra kA kathana jitanA zramaNa jIvana ke lie upayogI hai, utanA hI Apa zrAvakoM ke jIvana ke lie bhI hitakara hai| kahA hai

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uttarAdhyayanasUtra meM vinaya kA vivecana - 3571 na pakkhao na purao neva kiccANa pittttho| na juje uruNA uruM. sayaNe no pddissunne|| uttarA. 1.18 / / gurujana ke Age-pIche, nA bAjU meM ar3akara baitthe| nA zayyA para se uttara deM, nA jAMgha saTA kara hI baitthe|| arthAt ziSya ko cAhie ki vaha guru se kandhA bhir3Akara nahIM baiThe, unake Age nahIM baiThe, unake pIche avinItatA se nahIM baitthe| itanA nikaTa bhI nahIM baiThe ki usake ghuTane se guru kA ghuTanA sparza ho jaay| zayyA para leTe hue uttara nahIM de| __ yaha guru ziSya kI bAta hai| ziSya guru se jJAna sIkhatA hai| jJAna milatA hai vinayavAna ziSya ko| aneka bAteM haiM vinaya kii| jJAna prApta karate samaya guru ke sAmane sIne para hAtha bAMdha kara nahIM baiThe, paira para paira rakhakara nahIM baitthe| yaha abhimAnasUcaka mudrA hai, aMga se aMga sparza karake nahIM baiThe- yaha avinaya hai| muni brahmacArI hai, usane tIna karaNa, tIna yoga se brahmacaryavrata dhAraNa kara rakhA hai| brahmacAriyoM ko apane aMga kA koI hissA dUsare ke aMga se bhir3A kara vaise bhI nahIM baiThanA caahie| vinaya ke sAtha baiThanA ziSTAcAra hai| baiThanA aisA bhI hotA hai, jisase vikAra vRddhi ho| baiThane kA eka DhaMga aisA bhI ho sakatA hai jisase rAga bddh'e| baiThane kA DhaMga kabhI-kabhI zarIra kI caMcalatA ko bar3hAne vAlA bhI ho sakatA hai| baiThane kA DhaMga vrata-niyama, cAritra se girAne vAlA bhI bana sakatA hai| bhagavAna bhI kahate haiM Neva palhatthiyaM kujjA, pakkhapiMDa ca sNje| pAe pasArie vAvi, Na ciDhe guruunntie|| uttarA. 1.19 / / baiThe nahIM bAMdhakara palathI, pakSapiNDa se bhI na khiiN| gurujana ke sammukha avinaya se, muni pAda-prasAraNa kare nhiiN|| jahA~ gurujana yA bar3e loga virAjamAna hoM to unake sammukha pAMva para pAMva caDhAkara nahIM baiThe, ghuTane chAtI ke lagAkara nahIM baiThe, pAMva pasAra kara nahIM baitthe| prazna kaise kareM guru se? gurujanoM se yA apanoM se bar3e hoM unase kabhI kucha prazna pUchane kA prasaMga upasthita ho to apane Asana para baiThe-baiThe hI prazna nahIM kreN| zikSA aura upadeza kA uddezya hotA hai, saMskAra dhAraNa krnaa| jijJAsu ziSya ko prazna karanA hai to guru ke samIpa jAkara khar3e hokara vinayapUrvaka prazna kre| __ jIvana meM jitanA vinaya hogA, jJAna dene vAlA guru kA mana utanA hI jJAna-dAna ke lie umddegaa| galiyAra ghoDe aura jAtivAna azva meM antara hotA hai| vahI sthiti jJAnArjana karane vAle jJAnecchuoM kI hai| pravacana ke samaya koI Age Akara to baiTha jAegA, para gardana jhukAkara nIMda lene lgegaa| yadi

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13581 jinavANI- jainAgama-sAhitya vizeSAGka | aisA ho to jJAna vAle, sunAne vAle, udbodhana dene vAle ke dila para kyA bItegI? usakA utsAha murajhA jaayegaa| usakA mana to tabhI utsAhita hogA jabaki Apako sunane kI sajaga jijJAsA ho| zAstrakAra kahate haiM- "jo vinaya bAhara meM hai, use AcaraNa meM lAne kI bhAvanA honI caahie|' yahA~ kaI loga aise bhI haiM jo hama saMtoM kI parIkSA lene kI bhAvanA se Ate haiN| mahArAja hamAre zahara meM padhAre haiM, calo dekhA jAe ki ve kaisA pravacana karate haiM, kyA kahate haiM, kisa DhaMga se samajhAte haiM? yaha dharmasthAna hai, koI parIkSA kA sthAna nahIM hai| yahA~ saiMkar3oM acchI bAteM sunane, samajhane ko mileNgii| Apa ko jo bhI acchI lage, jIvana meM grahaNa kara lIjie yaha vinaya hai, yahI ziSTAcAra hai| anuzAsana rUpa vinaya anuzAsana hI vinaya hai| gurudeva ne pukArA- bhAI kahA~ ho? ziSya ne, Apake jodhapura kI bhASA meM jaisA kahate haiM, kahA- aayosaa| guru pukArate rahe aura ziSya- "AyosA, AyosA" kahatA rhaa| sunanA aura sune kA anasunA karanA, yaha AjJA kA ullaMghana hai, anuzAsanahInatA hai, avinaya hai| samaya kA ullaMghana karane vAlA, samaya ko TAlakara kAma karane vAlA bhI zAstroM kI dRSTi meM vinaya nahIM khlaataa| guruvara ko pyAsa abhI lagI hai aura ziSya jI kaheM ki dasa gAthA pUrI karake aauuN| davA kI jarUrata abhI hai aura vaha bAda meM dI jAe to....! dharma kI ArAdhanA kI jarUrata Aja hai aura Aja nahIM kara pAe to kala kisane dekhA hai? eka pala kI bhI kise khabara hai? patA nahIM Ane vAle kSaNa meM sthiti kyA hogI? kRtaghnatA tyAgeM anuzAsanahInatA kA eka rUpa hai- kRtaghnatA / nItikAra kahate haiM"burAiyoM kA mUla kAraNa manuSya kI kRtaghnatA hai|'' zAstra kaha rahA hai--- mAnava! vinaya dharma kA mUla hai| yadi tere jIvana meM ziSTAcAra, anuzAsana, kRtajJatA Adi vinaya rUpa guNa nahIM Ae to kitanA hI pada-sammAna prApta kara le, terI gati sadharane vAlI nahIM hai| Apane pacAsoM dRSTAMta dekhe-sune-bhoge haiM aura ghara-gRhasthI chor3ane ke bAda hama bhI sunate haiN| eka mAmUlI sI bAta ko lekara santAna mAtA-pitA se bolanA baMda kara detI hai| unheM du:kha pahu~cAne kI bAteM bhI kAnoM meM AtI haiN| lar3akoM ke pAsa lAkhoM kI mAyA hai, para mAtA-pitA ke nasIba meM do samaya kA pUrA khAnA bhI nahIM hai| suNiyA bhAvaM sANassa, sUyarassa narassa y| viNae Thavijja appANaM, icchato hiyamappaNo / / uttarA.1.6 / / kuttI sUara nara-durgati suna, vijJa vicAro nija mana meN| apane hita kI icchA ho to, tuma dharo vinaya isa jIvana meN||

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| uttarAdhyayanasUtra meM vinaya kA vivecana 359 "sar3e kAna vAlI kutiyA tathA cAvala ko chor3akara bhiSTA khAne vAle zUkara kI taraha avinIta vyakti sarvatra dutkArA jAtA hai, tiraskRta hotA hai, aisA duSpariNAma jAnakara apanI AtmA kA hita cAhane vAlA apane Apa ko vinaya meM sthita kre|'' isake viparIta kucha loga hastI snAna kI taraha pahale jala meM nahAkara zarIra svaccha karate haiM aura usake bAda apane para reta DAla lete haiM arthAt pahale to dharmAcaraNa kara Atmazuddhi kI ora bar3hate haiM para bAda meM.....! aise saiMkar3oM dRSTAnta ho sakate haiN| vinaya se sukha, zAMti aura Ananda Apa japa kara leM, tapa kara leM, vrata kara leM, para yadi Apa meM kRtajJatA nahIM, vinaya nahIM to sAre japa-tapa vyartha haiN| bhagavanta (pUjya gurudeva sva. AcArya zrI hastImala jI ma.sA.) pharamAte the ki bAraha mahIne taka lar3akA hindI, aMgrejI, urdU sIkhatA hai para parIkSA meM anuttIrNa ho jAtA hai....! kAraNa yahI hai ki vaha guru, mAtA-pitA kA ahasAna nahIM maantaa| Apa apane mAtApitA aura sammAnanIya gurujanoM ko, sajjanoM ko pIr3A dete haiM to ApakA tapatyAga, zikSA-dIkSA koI kAma kI nhiiN| Apa japa-tapa karane ke sAtha vinayI baniye, kRtajJa baniye, upakArI ke upakAra ko byAja sahita cukAnA siikhie| isase Apako zAnti milegI, Apa Age bar3ha sakeMge aura ApakA jIvanadarzana bhAvI pIr3hI ko rozana kara skegaa| Apa vinaya dharma ko svIkAra kara caleMge to jIvana meM sukha, zAMti va Ananda prApta kara skeNge| bhagavAna ne du:khoM ke nivAraNa, samasyAoM ke samAdhAna aura sukhaprApti kA mantra dete hue kahA hai-- appA ceva dameyavvo, appA hu khalu duddmo| appA daMto suhI hoi. assiM loe parattha y|| uttarA. 1.15 || AtmA ko vaza meM hai karanA, kAraNa AtmA hI durdama hai| isa bhava parabhava meM sukha pAtA, jo dAnta AtmA sakSama hai|| sukha prApti evaM duHkhoM ke nAza ke lie apanA damana karo, sva ko vaza meM karo, apanI AtmA ko niyantrita evaM anuzAsita kro| apanI AtmA kA, apane ahaM kA damana karanA hI duSkara hai| jo prANI jitendriya bana dAnta bana jAtA hai, vaha dAnta AtmA hI isa loka va paraloka meM sukhI banatA duHkhoM kA kAraNa 'ahaMbhAva' duHkhoM kA ekamAtra kAraNa hai apane Apa para niyantraNa nahIM rkhnaa| jisane apanI Atma-zakti para, sva-sAmarthya para, antarnihita koSa para niyantraNa nahIM rakhA, vaha svayaM to duHkhI banatA hI hai, sAtha hI usane apane parivAra, samAja aura vizva taka ko bhI du:khI kiyA hai| vizva kI jitanI bhI samasyAe~ Apake samakSa haiM, una sabakA mUla kAraNa hai- prANI kA

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1360 jinavANI- jainAgama-sAhitya vizeSAGaka 'ahNbhaav'| apane nAma, yaza, kIrti ke lie prANI apanA bhAna kho detA hai aura 'ahaM' meM bhara kara svayaM samasyA bana jAtA hai| agara vyakti apane Apako isa samAja kA,isa rASTra kA aura samasta janatA kA eka purjA mAnakara, eka aMga samajhakara cale to koI samasyA hI nahIM rhegii| aise vyakti kA hara kadama, hara kArya, pratyeka vacana napA-tulA. Atma-cintana se jur3A tathA parahita cintana se yukta hogaa| mujhe kitanA calanA hai, kaisI harakata karanI hai, kitanI gati aura pragati karanI haiina saba bAtoM kA soca arthAt apanA svayaM kA Akalana samAja ke sAmane rakhakara karanA hI samasyAoM kA sahI nidAna hai| jaba prANI kA cintana isa dizA meM bar3hegA aura jIvana-zailI isI vicAra meM calegI to samAja meM pradarzana kI bhAvanA samApta ho jaaegii| na bAhya ADambara raheMge aura na parezAniyA~ paidA hoNgii| Apake bhItara meM jo bhI burAiyA~ haiM, ahaMkAra kA bhAva hai, mAyAlobha, krodha-mAna hai use Apa khuda hI dUra kareM, isase bar3hakara aura koI acchA rAstA nahIM hai| jo vinaya karegA, anuzAsana meM rahegA vaha sukha, zAMti aura Ananda kA bhAgI hogaa|

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dazavaikAlika sUtra DaoN. yazodharA vAdhavANI zAha AcArya zayyaMbhavasUri dvArA apane navadIkSita alpAyuSka laghuziSya ke lie dazavaikAlika sUtra kA niryUhaNa kiyA gayA thaa| dazavaikAlika ke daza adhyayanoM meM zramaNAcAra kI Avazyaka jAnane yogya bAtoM kA sundara saMyojana hai / dazavaikAlika ke mahattva kA Akalana isI se kiyA jA sakatA hai ki aba sAdhvAcAra meM dIkSita karate samaya AcArAMga ke sthAna para dazavaikAlika sUtra ke pATha kA upayoga kiyA jAtA hai tathA navadIkSita zramaNa-zramaNI ko pratikramaNa Adi ke pazcAt sarvaprathama dazavaikAlika paDhAyA/ smaraNa karAyA jAtA hai| Dekkana kaoNleja, puNe kI viduSI DaoN. yazodharA jI ne isa sUtra para samIkSAtmaka lekha prastuta kiyA hai| sampAdaka dasaveyAliya- (yA kvacit dasakAliya ) sutta isa prAkRta nAma se prasiddha isa jaina Agama kA kartA sijaMbhava yA sejjaMbhava sUri ko batAyA jAtA hai aura ise anaMgazruta kA bhAga mAnA jAtA hai| digaMbara paraMparA ke anusAra, bhagavAna mahAvIra kI kaivalyaprApti ke bAda tIna anubaddha kevalI aura pA~ca zrutakevalI hue haiM, jinameM se aMtima zrutakevalI the AcArya bhadrabAhu, jina taka 12 aMgoM vAlA aMgazruta Agama apane mUla rUpa meM jArI rahA thA / tatpazcAt uttarottara dhAraNAzakti kSINa hotI jAne se tathA pustakArUDha karane kI paripATI abhI rUDha na hone se aMgazruta kramaza: vilupta hotA gayA / paraMtu paraMparA ko avichinna banAe rakhane hetu bAda ke muniyoM ne / gaNadharoM ne graMtharacanA jArI rakhI, jo anaMgazruta khlaaii| isake 'sAmAyika' Adi caudaha bhedoM meM se do nAma hI pahale saMskRta sUtragraMtha tattvArthasUtra para racI gaI apanI sarvArthasiddhi nAmaka vRtti meM AcArya pUjyapAda ne nirdiSTa kie haiM aura ve haiM uttarAdhyayana tathA dazavaikAlika / saMbhavata: yaha kevala saMyoga kI bAta na hogI ki digaMbara paraMparA ke caudaha anaMgazruta graMthoM meM se uparyukta do hI haiM jo zvetAmbaroM ke 'aMgabAhya' zruta meM bhI mahattva kA sthAna rakhate haiM / I. san 503 ke AsapAsa race gae nandI sUtra meM prApta vargIkaraNa ke anusAra aMgabAhya zvetAmbara zrutagraMthoM meM eka prakAra thA 'Avazyaka' aura dUsarA 'tdvytirikt'| usa dUsare ke upaprakAra the kAlika (yAnI kAlavizeSa meM par3hane yogya) evaM utkAlika (dina yA rAta ke kisI bhI prahara meM svAdhyAya yogya) tathA inameM sarvaprathama ullekha thA dazavaikAlika kA / kintu Age calakara AgamoM kA vargIkaraNa kucha badala gayA aura prastuta graMtha (dazavaikAlika sUtra ) ko cAra mUlasUtroM ke bIca tIsarA sthAna milaa| 'mUlasUtra' yaha nAma sarvaprathama Avazyaka cUrNi ne prayukta kiyA thA, usa graMtha ke lie, jisakI vaha eka TIkA thii| bAda meM bhagavAna mahAvIra ke

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362 jinavANI- jainAgama-sAhitya vizeSAGka mUla upadezoM ko saMkSepa meM grathita karane vAle graMtha ko mUlasUtra kahA jAne lgaa| yaha bAta dazavaikAlika sUtra para bhI lAgU hotI hai / parantu satArA (mahArASTra) se I.saM. 1940 meM prakAzita isake prathama saMskaraNa ke prAkkathana (pR. 6) meM AcArya zrI hastImala jI ma.sA. pharamAte haiM ki 'jJAna, darzana, cAritra evaM tapa, ina cAra (AtmA ke) mUla guNoM kA poSaNa karane vAlA Agama graMtha' - isa nAte dazavaikAlika sUtra eka 'mUla' saMjJaka graMtha hai| jabaki vAlTera zubriMga nAmaka prasiddha jarmana vidvAna kA mata hai ki apane muni jIvana ke AraMbhakAla (mUla) meM navabhikkhu hetu upayogI graMtha hone ke nAte yaha mUlasUtra hai I astu / aba isa graMtha tathA isake kartA ke nAmAdi kA vicAra kreN| isakI sabase prAcIna padyamaya prAkRta TIkA AcArya bhadrabAhu kRta niyukti tathA haribhadra sUrikRta sarvaprathama saMskRta TIkA (anukrama se vikrama kI 5vIM va 8vIM zatI) evaM pariziSTa parvan (sarga 5) ke anusAra sejjaMbhava sUri pahale zayyaMbhava bhaTTa' nAma ke vatsagotrIya brAhmaNa gRhastha the, vedoM ke prakAMDa paMDita evaM custa yajJayAtrI / kintu vahI apanA uttarAdhikArI banane yogya hai, aisA AcArya sudharmA aura jambUsvAmI ke bAda mahAvIra ke tIsare paTTadhara bane AcArya prabhavasvAmI ne upayoga lagAkara jAnA / taba unhoMne apane do ziSyoM ko zayyaMbhava dvArA rAjagRha meM Ayojita yajJa meM bhejA aura Adeza diyA ki vahAM tumhArA vaidika paMDitoM jaisA sammAna na ho to bhI, udvigna hue binA "aho klRptiH / tattvaM tu na jJAtam " itanA usa dIkSita yajamAna ke kAna meM kahakara cale aanaa| jaba vaisA huA taba zayyaMbhava soca meM DUba gayA aura apane adhyApaka ke pAsa jAkara sacce tattva ke bAre meM atyaMta AgrahapUrvaka puuchaa| unhoMne pahale veda ko aura phira Arhata dharma ko tattva btaayaa| taba sArI yajJa sAmagrI unheM sauMpakara zayyaMbhava cala par3A prabhava svAmI jI kI khoja meM aura anunaya karake unake pAsa pravrajyA grahaNa kii| lagAtAra svAdhyAya karake ve caturdazapUrvI bana gae. aura guru ke pazcAt cauthe paTTadhara bane / parantu jisa vakta unhoMne ghara chor3A thA usa samaya unakI patnI kA paira bhArI ho calA thaa| logoM ke pUchane para unhoMne kahA thA- "aMdara thor3A kucha (maNaga) hai"| isI kAraNa unake putra kA nAma manaka rakhA gayA / 7-8 varSa kA hone para vaha apane pitA ke bAre meM pUchane lagA / unhoMne zvetapaTa kI dIkSA le lI thI- yaha jAnakara vaha pitA kI khoja meM nikala pdd'aa| jaba campAnagarI meM bheMTa huI to pitA ne putra ko to pahacAna liyA, para svayaM ko usake pitA kA ghaniSTha mitra batAkara apane ziSya ke rUpa meM rakha liyA / zIghra hI jJAnAtizaya se unhoMne jAnA ki manaka kI Ayu kevala chaH mAsa zeSa hai| isa svalpakAla meM vizAla sAgara samAna dvAdaza aMgoM tathA 14 pUrvo kA adhyayana kara 1. kintu zubriMga mahodaya ke mata se 'sejjaMbhava' saMskRta svAyaMbhava (svayaMbhU) kA prAkRta rUpa hai|

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| dazavaikAlika sUtra 30 siddhAnta kA talasparzI jJAnAdi pAnA usake lie asaMbhava hogaa| yaha socakara usake anugraha hetu sUri ne dvAdazAMga gaNipiTaka se dharma kA sAra nirmUr3ha (nijjUDha) kiyA aisA nijjuti gAthA (7) meM vidhAna hai| aparAhna meM AraMbha kie isa graMtha ke 10 adhyayana nibaddha karate-karate saMdhyA samaya (vikAla) ho gayA, isa kAraNa use dazavaikAlika nAma milA-aisA eka mata hai| dUsare mata se 10 vikAloM(saMdhyAoM) meM isakA adhyayana saMbhava hone se yaha sArthaka nAma use milaa| tIsarA mata kahatA hai ki dasavAM adhyayana vitAla nAmaka jAtivRtti meM hone se usako dazavaitAlika nAma milA thA, jo ki prAkRta meM dasaveyAliya hI honA saMbhava thaa| isake nAmAdi saMbaddha eka samasyA aura bhI hai| vaha hai isakA 'sUtragraMtha' khlaanaa| sAmAnya saMskRta paripATI meM to 'alpAkSaramasandigdhaM sAravad vizvatomukham / astobhamanavadya ca sUtraM sUtravido viduH||" aura aise grantha prAyaH gadya meM nibaddha hote haiM-- kriyApada virahita laghutama vAkyoM ke rUpa meN| parantu isa graMtha kA 80-85 pratizata padyAtmaka hai; kevala adhyayana 4 ke prAraMbha meM 23 gadya khaNDa milate haiM jo adhikatara uttarAdhyayana sUtra ke kucha aMzoM kA anusaraNa karate haiN| (vaise hI adhyayana 9 meM 7 aura pahalI cUlikA meM 18 gadyakhaNDa milate haiM, para gadyokta viSayavastu ko hI bAda meM saMkSepa se padya meM bhI doharAyA gayA hai-- vaidika upaniSadoM kI trh| ina tathyoM ko dekhate hue isa graMtha kA sUtra kahalAnA vicitra sA lagatA hai| kintu vidvAnoM kA kathana hai ki saMbhavata: vizAla aMga-sAhitya tathA pUrvo meM vistAra se vidyamAna mahAvIra svAmI ke upadezoM ke yahA~ sugrathita saMkSipta rUpa meM upasthita hone se isakI 'sUtra' saMjJA sArthaka hai aura phira anuyogadvAra 51 ke anusAra to jaina paramparA meM sUtra (sutta), zruta (suya), grantha(gaMtha), siddhAnta (siddhata), zAsana (sAsaNa), AjJA (ANa), vacana (vayaNa), upadeza (uvaesa), prajJApanA (pannavaNa) tathA Agama- ye sAre zabda paryAyavAcI mAne gae haiN| ata: dazavaikAlika nAmaka yaha graMtha sUtra zailI meM nibaddha na hote hue bhI 'sUtra' khlaayaa| kAraNa, vaha eka caturdazapUrvadhara AgamapuruSa kI kRti hai, ata: eka Agama hai, sUtra hai| jaina AgamoM meM dazavakAlika sUtra kI ginatI kisa rUpa yA haisiyata meM hotI hai, yaha hama pahale dekha cuke haiN| kucha loga AgamoM kA vibhAjana arthAgama, sUtrAgama tathA tadubhayAgama isa rUpa meM bhI karate haiM aura dazavaikAlika sUtra ko bIcavAle sthAna meM ginAte haiM yA phira AcArya AryarakSita dvArA kRta caturvidha anuyoga vibhAjana kI dRSTi se ise caraNakaraNAnayoga meM sthAna dete haiM, kyoMki "caraNaM mUlaguNA:... karaNaM

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|364 IRANI jinavANI- jainAgama-sAhitya vizeSAGaka uttaraguNA......(pravacanasAroddhAra, gAthA 552) aura yadyapi zayyaMbhava sUri ne ise apane putra ke lie grathita kiyA thA, tathApi mahArAja zreNika ke putra meghakumAra ko dIkSA dekara bolane-calane-bhikSA mAMgane Adi ke viSaya meM jaisA upadeza bhagavAna mahAvIra ne diyA thA (jJAtAdharmakathA 1.30), usI prakAra kA AcAra-vinaya kA udbodhana yahAM prazasta zailI meM dekhakara mahAsaMgha ne ise navadIkSitoM ke lie vizeSa upayogI maanaa| ata: AcArAMga ke prathama zrutaskaMdha ke bAda turaMta uttarAdhyayana sUtra ke adhyayana kI prAcIna paraMparA ko badalakara, bIca meM dazavaikAlika sUtra ke anuzIlana kA vidhAna kiyA gyaa| digaMbara paramparA ne bhI ise 'sAdhu ke AcAra-gocara kI vidhi kA varNana' karane vAle graMtha ke rUpa meM mAnya kiyA, aura yApanIya saMpradAya ke aparAjita sUri (vi. kI 8 vIM zatI) ne bhI isa para vijayodayA nAmaka TIkA likhakara apanI mAnyatA jatAI thii| vaise, isa para eka ajJAtakartA dvArA bhASya likhe jAne ke nirdeza bhI haribhadra kI saMskRta TIkA meM aneka bAra milate haiM, parantu sthavira agastyasiMha yA jinadAsa mahattara kI (vi. kI chaThI va sAtavIM zatI kI) cUrNiyoM meM, na jAne kyoM, usakA ullekha nahIM huaa| inake atirikta vi. kI 13 vIM se 17vIM zatI ke daramyAna dazavaikAlika satra para saMskRta meM tilakAcArya ne bhI eka 'TIkA' likhI, to mANikyazekhara ne niyukti dIpikA, samayasudara gaNi ne dIpikA, vinayahaMsa ne vRtti aura rAmacandrasUri ne vArttika likhaa| vi. kI 18vIM zatI meM eka nayA prayoga huaa| pAyacandrasUri tathA dharmasiMha muni ne milakara, mizrita rAjasthAnIgujarAtI bhASA meM "TabbA' nAma se TIkA dazavaikAlika sUtra para racI, to 20vIM zatI(I. san 1940)meM hastImala jI mahArAja ne saMskRta meM saubhaagycNdrikaa| lekina ina sabameM koI vizeSa nayA spaSTIkaraNa yA ciMtana dRSTigocara nahIM hotaa| ye saba prAya: tatkAlIna upayogitA kI dRSTi se racI gaI pratIta hotI haiN| kabhI usakI gadya yA padya zailI para TippaNI karatI huI, to kabhI bhASA-chaMdoM-alaMkAroM pr| jaise dazavaikAlika sUtra ke uparyukta gadyAMzoM meM kahIM-kahIM praznottara zailI kA bhI prayoga milatA hai, binA saMpAdakoM ke nAma nirdeza ke| graMtha ke padyAMzoM meM se 80 pratizata anuSTubh chaMda meM nibaddha haiN| (hAlAMki hara caraNa meM 8 akSaroM ke niyama kA pAlana yahAM custI se nahIM kiyA gayA, kahIM 7 bhI milate haiM to kahI 9 bhI) parantu adhyayana 6, 7 evaM 8 ke aMta meM upajAti vRtta kA prayoga aMtima chanda badalane kI saMskRta mahAkAvyoM kI paripATI ke anusAra hai| bAkI ke 20 pratizata padyabhAga meM indra/upendra/ iMdropeMdra-vajrA, jagatI, triSTubh tathA jAti yA gAthA vRtta prayukta hue haiM, jabaki aMtima dazama adhyayana vaitAlIya vRtta meM hai| bhASA arddhamAgadhI hai aura abhivyakti saMkSipta

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dazakAlika sUtra 365 tathA bhArayukta, phira bhI mdhur| viSaya ke vizadIkaraNa hetu upayukta upamA, dRSTAMta Adi alaMkAroM kA prayoga yatra-tatra kiyA gayA hai| udAharaNata: bhikSA ke lie gRhasthoM ke pAsa jAtA huA muni unheM kaSTa na de, jaise madhukara puSpa ko yA phalAhArI pakSI usakI TahanI ko; guru kI sevA tathA savinaya AjJApAlana karane vAle ziSya kA jJAna jalasikta pAdapa kI taraha bar3hatA jAtA hai; durvinIta strI-puruSa jaga meM vaise hI duHkhagrasta rahate haiM jaise daMDa, zastra Adi ke prahAra se jIrNa jaMgalI haathii-ghodd'e| aba bArI hai isa graMtha meM nirUpita varNya viSaya para vicAra karane kii| 10 adhyayanoM tathA 2 cUlikAoM (pariziSToM) meM se pratyeka kA saMkSepa dene lageM to bhI bahuta vistAra ho jAegA, ata: pahale sabake zIrSakoM ko vihaMgama dRSTi se dekheN| vaisA karate hue AcAra kI punarAvRtti dhyAna khIMca letI hai, kSudrakAcAra kathA (a.3), mahAcAra kathA (a.6), aacaarprnnidhi(a.8)| isa AcAra meM ahiMsA kA mahattva sarvAdhika hai aura usakI bAta 'chaha jIvanikAyoM ke zIrSakavAle a. 4 meM bhI AtI hai| tulanA kIjie a.8, zloka 2-3; pRthvI, jala, vAyu, agni, bIjayukta tRNa tathA vRkSa- ye sabhI trasa (thor3A bahuta hila sakane vAle) jIva haiN| inakA apane hAthoM se kSaya na ho, isa viSaya meM sadA sajaga rahate hue, bhikSu ko apane zarIra, vANI tathA mana meM saMyata bananA caahie| vaise hI vivikta (yA, pariziSTaparvan kI paripATI ke anusAra 'vicitracaryA') zIrSaka vAlI dUsarI va aMtima cUlikA meM bhI akele virakta jIvana bitAne vAle sAdhu kI jIvanacaryA gRhastha se kaise bhinna honI cAhie, yaha batAte hue eka taraha se muni ke AcAra kA hI nirUpaNa huA hai| ina tathyoM kI ora aMgulinirdeza karate hue, zubiMga mahodaya ne likhA hai ki vAstava meM kevala a.5,7 aura 9 meM hI apanA-apanA svataMtra varNya viSaya lekara usakA samagratA se varNana kiyA gayA hai| to kyA, bAkI adhyayanoM meM sacamuca hI aMdhAdhuMdha utsUtratA hai? Aie dekheM cUMki muni sejjaMbhava ne isa graMtha kA nirgrahaNa hI navadIkSitoM hetu kiyA thA, ata: munidharma kA mahattva evaM usakA svarUpa sAmAnya rUpa se samajhAnA a.1 meM Avazyaka hI thA aura yahI karate hue unhoMne rUpaka alaMkAra kA Azraya liyA hai "dhammo maMgalamukkiTTha ahiMsA saMjamo tavo" isa prakAra AraMbha karate hue samajhAyA ki bhaviSyatkAlIna / anAgata pApakarma se bacane (saMvara) hetu saMyama tathA bhUtakAlIna / arjita karmoM ke kSaya (nirjarA) hetu tapa ina donoM sahita tIsarA tattva ahiMsA-ye tInoM milakara hI (muni kA) utkRSTa kalyANakArI dharma kahalAte haiM, Age inhIM tInoM ko dharma rUpI druma ke tIna puSpa bhI kahA hai aura isI bAta ko Azraya banAkara pAMca zlokoM vAle isa

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1366 jinavANI- jainAgama-sAhitya vizeSAGaka adhyayana ko nAma diyA hai dummpuphiyaa| parantu dharma kA mahattva evaM svarUpa jAna lene bhara se usa mArga meM susthira ho pAnA itanA AsAna nahIM hai| deha aura tanmUlaka AsaktiyA~ (vizeSakara strI zarIra ke prati) pada-pada para yatamAna muni ko vicalita karane meM vyasta rahatI haiN| ata: indriya viSayoM se dUra, unake abhAva vAle pradeza meM rahanA paryApta nahIM hai: apitu unakI upasthiti ke bAvajUda unheM nakArane kI, kSaNika manodurbalatAoM para vijaya pAne kI dRr3hatA zramaNa muni meM AnI cAhie aura usake lie Avazyaka hai mokSa kI tIvra icchA tathA (jaina) zramaNa-paramparA meM aTUTa shrddhaa| yahI viSaya hai 'zrAmaNyapUrvakam' (ke prAkRta) nAma vAle dUsare adhyayana kA, jisameM uttarAdhyayana ke kucheka aMzoM ke sAtha bhASA evaM zailI kI samAnatA dhyAna khIMcatI hai| jo gRhasthoM/zrAvakoM ke lie to sarvasAmAnya hoM, para muniyoM ke lie vayaM / kSudra mAne jAeM, aise kuAcaraNoM evaM padArthoM kI ginatI tIsare adhyayana meM milatI hai| muni ke AcAra-gocara kA sAra hai mahAvratoM kA pAlana aura unakA AdhAra hai jiivdyaa| isa hetu jagat meM vidyamAna jIvadehoM ke chaha prakAra jAnane cAhie. inhIM ko nirUpita kiyA gayA hai SaDjIvanikA nAmaka cauthe adhyayana meN| sAtha hI ina jIvanikAyoM kI surakSA ke lie yAnI ahiMsA ke lie muni ko apane calane-phirane yA uThane-baiThane meM jo saMyama baratanA cAhie, yaha saba bhI yahAM varNita hai, ata: ise dharmaprajJapti bhI kahate haiN| hAlAMki adhikatara jIvanikAyoM ko unakI idhara-udhara kI gati yA vRddhi ke AdhAra para jAnA jA sakatA hai, phira bhI kucha jIvoM ke zarIra itane sUkSma hote haiM ki nirI AMkhoM se dikhate taka nhiiN| aise jIvoM ko bhI svayaM ke hAthoM trAsa yA hAni na ho, isa uddezya se jaina paraMparA meM rAtribhojana-viramaNa nAma kA chaThA saMyama bhI mahAvratoM meM jor3A gayA hai| lekina bhojana ke saMdarbha meM kevala 'kaba khAnA yA na khAnA' yaha vicAra paryApta nahIM haiM, 'kyA aura kaise khAnA yA na khAnA' yaha bhI utanA hI mahattvapUrNa hai| vaise to, saMsAra kI hara vastu meM kisI na kisI sthUla yA sUkSma jIva kI upasthiti saMbhava hai, lekina dharmAcaraNa ke sAdhanabhUta zarIra ko TikAne hetu khAna-pAna to anivArya hai, ata: yaha zarIradharma nibhAte hue, nyUnAtinyUna hiMsA yA para pIr3A ho, yahI dekhanA muni ke hAtha meM hai aura isa vAste, bhikSAcaryA ke lie upayukta samaya, sthala, mAMgane kI vidhi Adi ke bAre meM aneka utsarga-apavAda Adi batAe gae haiM piNDaiSaNA zIrSaka vAle pAMcaveM adhyayana meN| gati aura bhojana ke saMdarbha meM mahattama ahiMsA ke vicAra ke pazcAt

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| dazavaikAlika sUtra - 367 anya vyavahAroM meM bhI ahiMsA kA jo vicAra jaina dharma meM atyaMta sUkSma kiyA huA hai, usakA nirUpaNa apekSita thaa| usI apekSA kI pUrti sejjabhava ne Age kI hai| jaise dainaMdina vartamAna AvazyakatAoM se adhika mAtrA meM vastuoM kA saMgraha karane se anya jarUratamaMda logoM ko unake upabhoga se vaMcita rahanA par3e, to yaha bhI eka taraha kI ahiMsA hI hai| usase dUra rahate hue, muni ko aparigraha vrata kA pAlana kar3e DhaMga se karanA caahie| zarIranirvAha hetu kama se kama vastueM hI pAsa rakhanA, eka UnI vastra , bhikSApAtra (lakar3I kA), eka rajoharaNa, bs| aura ye vastue~ bhI na kharIdanI cAhie, na binA mAMge uThA lenI caahie| balki inheM bhI bhikSA rUpa meM hI prApta karanA caahie| sAthasAtha anya vratoM kI bhI carcA karate hue isa adhyayana ko mahAcAra kathA zIrSaka diyA gayA hai| inhIM mahAvratoM meM sadA satyabhASaNa kA vrata bhI eka hai| kintu isa vAcika ahiMsA ke saMdarbha meM adhika gaharAI evaM vistAra se samajhAne ke prayojana se sAtaveM adhyayana ko 'vAkyazuddhi (vakkasuddhi) nAma diyA gayA hai| yahAM vyAkaraNa-dRSTyA zuddhi kI bAta nahIM hai, pratyuta AraMbha meM hI izArA diyA gayA hai ki jo vacana satya hote hue bhI kaTu hoM, kisI ke marma ko coTa pahuMcAne vAle hoM, unheM hiMsaka ataeva avaktavya mAnanA caahie| usI taraha mRSA(asatya) se mizrita satyavacana yA sayAne logoM dvArA apramANita (zaMkAyukta) vacana bhI nahIM bolane cAhie (kyoMki inase sunane vAloM ko digbhrAnti ho sakatI hai)| vacana kI aisI zuddhi ke lie mana kI zuddhi tathA kaSAyamukta saMyata ekAgra sthiti bhI jarUrI hai, tAki vaha hara mauke para muni kA sahI-sahI mArgadarzana kara ske| isI hetu AcAra kI praNidhi (usa para pUrNa ekacittatA) ko lekara AThavAM adhyayana racA gayA hai, paraMtu isameM 1-7 hI nahIM, Age vAle adhyayana 9 se bhI vicAroM ko lekara, kucha sarvasAmAnya vidhAnoM ke sAtha-sAtha samAviSTa kiyA gayA hai| adhyayana 8 meM jo AcAra meM praNihita hone kA upadeza diyA gayA hai, usako "sAdhya karane yA saMbhava banAne ke lie pahale svayaM ko anuzAsana meM rakhane kI Adata sAdhu ko DAlanI caahie|'' isI mahattvapUrNa viSaya para cAra uddezakoM (upavibhAgoM) vAlA 'vinaya samAdhi' nAma se navA adhyayana racA gayA hai| pahale va dUsare meM samajhAyA gayA hai ki muni ke AcAra dharma kA mUla hai vinaya, vaha puSTa hogA tabhI tanA-DAliyAM --patte paripuSTa hokara aMta meM mokSa rUpI rasa cakhane ko milegA, kyoMki anuzAsana se hI mahAvratoM kA pAlana ThIka se hogA, kaSAyoM se mukti milegI tathA guptiyoM dvArA tana-mana kI rakSA hogii| anuzAsana zArIrika bhI hotA hai aura mAnasika bhii| zArIrika vinaya

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1368 jinavANI- jainAgama-sAhitya vizeSAGaka | yAnI guru athavA apane se bar3e muni kI upasthiti meM adaba se kaise khar3e rahanA, hAtha-pAMva Adi kI halacala saMyata rakhanA, dRSTi nIcI, baiThanA-sonA par3a hI jAe to apanA Asana yA bistara unase nIce samatala para rakhanA, jora se haMsanA yA bolanA nahIM, nA hI jaldI jaldI bAta krnaa| isa taraha guruoM kA Adara karane se ve prasanna hokara yogya mArgadarzana karate rheNge| unheM anAdara se asaMtuSTa kiyA to sAdhanA patha se hI bhaTaka jaaoge| vinaya kA eka rUpa gurvAjJA kA pUrNata: pAlana bhI hai, vaisA karane vAlA unakA prItibhAjana to banatA hI hai, zIghra jJAna va kIrti saMpAdana kara svayaM sammAnanIya/arhat bhI bana sakatA hai| yaha viSaya hai adhyayana 9.3 kaa|| 9.4 meM vinaya samAdhi ke 4 prakAra batAte hue, pahale prakAra ko bhI vahI nAma diyA hai| anya tIna prakAra haiM- zruta samAdhi, tapa samAdhi evaM AcAra smaadhi| tatpazcAt inake bhI 4-4 yAnI samagratayA 16 prabheda batAe gae haiN| astu| 'sa bhikkhU' arthAt vahIM saccA bhikSu hai aisI dhruva paMktiyukta 20 gAthAoM sahita 21 vIM jor3akara banatA hai dasavAM adhyyn| hAlAMki isakI gAthA 7,8,10 meM uttarAdhyayana 15.12 evaM 11 kI jhalaka sApha dikhatI hai, phira bhI prastuta graMtha ke a.1-9 kA sAra yahAM maujUda hai| sadbhikSu ke isa svarUpa kA satata smaraNa-ciMtana navadIkSita kA AlaMbana banakara use saMyama mArga meM sthira karatA hai| kintu phira bhI agara koI Diga jAe, to samhAla kara puna: saMyama meM sthira karane ke uddezya se rativAkyA zIrSaka vAlI prathama cUlikA meM pathabhraSTa sAdhu kI durgatiyoM kA varNana kiyA gayA hai| jaise bhogoM meM Asiktavaza aneka asaMyata kRtya karake, mRtyu ke bAda duHkhapUrNa aneka jIvagatiyoM meM bhaTakate rahanA, bodhiprApti se bahuta dUra.... / dUsarI cUlikA evaM dazavaikAlika sUtra ke aMtima bhAga hetu do vaikalpika zIrSaka milate haiN| eka hai vivittacariyA(viviktacaryA) arthAt samAja se dUra ekAnta meM rahane vAle muni kI dincryaa| dUsarA zIrSaka hai viittacariyA (vicitracaryA) (A. hemacandra kA pariziSTaparvan 9.98) / jaisA ki isake zloka 2 evaM 3 meM batAyA gayA hai anusrota: saMsAro pratisrotastasyottAraH (aNusoo saMsAro paDisoo tassa uttaaro)| arthAt pravAha ke sAtha bahate jAne se janma-maraNa kA cakra hI calatA rahatA hai, usase pAra utaranA ho to pravAha ke viruddha dizA meM tairanA cAhie aura yahI vicitra (yahAM asAdhAraNa) jIvanakrama navadIkSita ko bhI apanAnA caahie| isa prakAra sajaga hokara, iMdriyajayI banakara, saMyamita jIvana jInevAlA hI AtmA kA rakSaNa karake saba duHkhoM se mukti pAtA hai (aMta ke zloka 15 evaM 16) / -Sanskrit Dictionary Project Daccan College, PUNE

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nandI sUtra kA vaiziSTya AcAryapravara zrI AtmArAma jI ma.sA. AcArya zrI AtmArAma jI mahArAja zrI vardhamAna zramaNa saMgha ke prathama AcArya the| Apa tIvra medhAzakti ke dhanI evaM zrutapAraMgata the| Apa jaba upAdhyAya pada ko suzobhita kara rahe the taba AcArya zrI hastImala jI mahArAja dvArA saMzodhita evaM anUdita nandIsUtra (san 1942 meM sAtArA se prakAzita) meM Apane bhUmikA likhI thii| usI bhUmikA ko yahAM saMkalita kiyA gayA hai| -sampAdaka isa anAdi saMsAracakra meM AtmA ne aneka bAra janma-maraNa kie| kintu apane svarUpa ko bhulAkara paraguNoM meM rata hone se yaha jIva duHkhoM kA hI anubhava karatA rhaa| zruta, zraddhA aura saMyama se parAGmukha hokara pudgala dravyoM ko apanAtA huA manuSya apane guNoM ko bhUla gyaa| isI se ajJAnavaza hokara vaha zArIrika va mAnasika duHkhoM kA anubhava kara rahA hai| una duHkhoM se chUTane ke lie samyag jJAna, samyag darzana, samyak cAritra kI ArAdhanA hI ekamAtra upAya hai| gaNamaya hone para bhI jJAna dravya ko maMgalamaya banA detA hai| jaise-puSpoM kI pratiSThA sugandhi se hotI hai, ThIka isI prakAra Atmadravya kI pUjA pratiSThA jJAna se hotI hai| jJAna aura nandIsUtra nandIsUtra meM paMcavidha jJAna kA varNana kiyA gayA hai| yahA~ prazna yaha upasthita hotA hai ki jJAna zabda se nandI zabda kA kyA saMbaMdha hai? viSaya to isameM jJAna kA hai phira isakA nAma nandI kyoM par3a gayA? isa prazna para AcArya zrI malayagirijI ne jo prakAza DAlA hai, vaha yoM hai _ "atha nandiriti kaH zabdA'rthaH? ucyate-Tunadu samRddhau ityasya dhAtoH "udito nam" iti nami vihite nandanaM nandiH-pramodo harSa ityarthaH / nandi hetutvAja jJAnapaMcakAbhidhAyakamadhyayanamapi nandiH / nandanti prANino'smin veti nandiH, idameva prastutamadhyayanam / AviSTaliMgatvAccAdhyayane'pi pravartamAnasya nandizabdasya puMstvam / "iH sarvadhAtubhyaH" ityauNAdika ipratyayaH / apare tu 'nandI' iti dIrghAntaM paThanti, te ca "ika kRSyAdibhyaH" iti sUtrAdipratyayaM samAnIya strItve'pi vrtynti| sa ca nandizcaturdhA-nAmanandiH, sthApanAnandiH, dravyanandiH, bhaavnndishc|| isa prakAra nandIsUtra kI cUrNi meM bhI likhA hai, jaise ki "savvasutakhaMdhatAdINaM maMgalAdhikAre naMditti vattavvA-NaMdaNaM NaMdI, naMdati vA NeNa tti naMdI, naMdI-pamodo-hariso kaMdappo ityarthaH / tassa ya cauviho Nikkhevo, gayAo NAmaTThavaNAo, davvaNaMdI-jANago aNuvautto, ahavA-jANaga-bhaviya-sarIra-vatiritto bArasaviha tUrasaMghAto imo___ maMmA, mukuMda, maddala, kaDamba, jhallari, huDDakka kNsaalaa| kAhala, tilisA, vaMso. paNavo, saMkho ya baarsmo|| mAvaNaMdI-gaMdisaddovauttabhAvo, ahavA-"imaM paMcavihaNANaparUvagaM NaMditti ajjhynnN"| yahA~ para zrI haribhadrasUri bhI isI prakAra likhate haiN| ata: nandI zabda

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1370 jinavANI- jainAgama-sAhitya vizeSAGka | Anandajanaka hone ke kAraNa jJAna kA vAcaka hai, na ki sAhitya meM Ae hue nandI yA nAndI kaa| bhAvanandI zabda paMcavidha jJAna kA hI bodhaka hai, ye pAMca jJAna kSayopazama vA kSAyikabhAva ke kAraNa se utpanna hote haiN| jaise-matijJAna, zrutajJAna, avadhijJAna va mana:paryavajJAna ye cAroM jJAna kSayopazama bhAva para nirbhara haiM, aura kevalajJAna kSAyika bhAva se utpanna hotA hai| jaba jJAnAvaraNIya karma, darzanAvaraNIya karma, mohanIya karma aura antarAya karmoM kI prakRtiyA~ kSINa ho jAtI haiM taba AtmA kevalajJAna aura kevaladarzana se yukta arthAt sarvajJa aura sarvadarzI ho jAtA hai| isa nandIsUtra meM una pAMca jJAnoM kA viSaya savistara pratipAdita kiyA gayA hai| yaha saMkalita hai yA racita? AcArya zrI devavAcaka kSamAzramaNa ne AgamagranthoM se maMgalarUpa paMca jJAnoM ke prarUpaka zrI nandIsUtra kA uddhAra kiyA hai, jaise ki upAdhyAya samayasundarajI likhate haiM- "ekAdazAMga gaNadharabhASita haiN| una aMgazAstroM ke AdhAra para kSamAzramaNa ne utkAlika Adi AgamoM kA uddhAra kiyA hai|'' (draSTavya, samAcArIzataka, dUsarA prakAza, AgamasthApanAdhikArapatra 77, Agamodaya samiti) nandIzAstra jina jina AgamoM se saMkalita hai, unakI carcA nIce kI jAtI hai| nandIsUtra ke mUla kI gaveSaNA karate hue prathama sthAnAMga sUtra ke dvitIya sthAna ke prathama uddezaka ke 71 veM sUtra para dRSTi jAtI hai| vahAM nandIsUtra ke liye nimnokta AdhAra milatA hai| dekheM vaha pATha "duvihe nANe paNNatte, taMjahA- paccakkhe ceva, parokkhe cev| paccakkhe nANe duvihe paM. taM. kevalanANe ceva 1, nokevalanANe ceva 2 / kevalanANe duvihe pa. taM. --bhavatthakevalanANe ceva, siddhakevalanANe cev| bhavatthakevalanANe duvihe paM. taM.sajogibhavatthakevalanANe ceva, ajogibhavatthakevalanANe cev| sajogibhavatthakevalanANe duvihe paM.taM.-paDhamasamayasajogibhavatthakevalanANe ceva, apaDhamasamayasajogibhavatthakevalanANe cev| ahavA-carimasamayasajogibhavatthakevalanANe ceva, acarimasamayasajogibhavatthakevalanANe cev| evaM ajogibhavatthakevalanANe vi| siddhakevalanANe duvihe paM. taM.-aNaMtarasiddhakevalanANe ceva paraMparasiddhakevalanANe cev| aNaMtarasiddhakevalanANe duvihe paM. taM. ekkANaMtarasiddhakevalanANe ceva, aNekkANaMtarasiddhakevalanANe cev|" (pUrNa pATha) . inake vyAkhyAsvarUpa sUtra bhI Agama meM milate haiN| anuyogadvAra sUtra meM indriyapratyakSa noindriyapratyakSa- ye donoM bheda pratyakSa jJAna ke pratipAdita kie gae haiN| avadhijJAna ke bhavapratyaya aura kSAyopazamika ye donoM bheda evaM inakI vyAkhyA bhI vistAra se milatI hai| (jiivgunnprtykssaadhikaar)| sthAnAMga Adi meM avadhijJAna ke cha: bheda pratipAdita kie gae haiN| ina bhedoM ke nAma aura madhyagata-antagata Adi viSaya prajJApanA sUtra (pada 33 sUtra 317) meM Ate haiN| avadhijJAna ke dravya, kSetra, kAla aura bhAva rUpa se cAra bhedoM kA savistara varNana bhI bhagavatI sUtra zataka 8, uddezaka 2 sUtra 323 meM dekhA jAtA hai|

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| nandIsUtra kA vaiziSTya ma 371 mana:paryavajJAna ke adhikAra kA pATha nandIsUtra aura prajJApanA sUtra (pada 21 sUtra 273) meM samAna rUpa se hI AtA hai| bheda kevala itanA hI hai ki yaha prajJApanA sUtra meM AhAraka zarIra ke prasaMga meM varNita hai| isa sUtra meM mana paryavajJAna ke dravya, kSetra, kAla aura bhAva rUpa se jo cAra bheda pradarzita kie gae haiM, inakA saMbaMdha bhagavatI sUtra (zataka 8, uddezaka 2)se milatA hai| kevalajJAna kA varNana jisa rUpa se hama yahAM pAte haiM, vaha bhI prajJApanA sUtra (pada 1 sUtra 708) se uddhRta kiyA jJAta hotA hai| dravya, kSetra, kAla,bhAvarUpa se kevalajJAna ke jo cAra bheda pratipAdita kie haiM , ve bhI bhagavatI sUtra (zataka 8, uddezaka 2) se saMkalita haiN| matijJAna ke viSaya kA mUla (bIjarUpa) sthAnAMga sUtra sthAna 2, uddezaka 1, sUtra 71 meM sAdhAraNa rUpa se A cukA hai, kintu usake aTThAIsa bhedoM kA varNana samavAyAMga sUtra meM milatA hai| saMbhava hai ki nandIsUtra meM matijJAna kA jo savistara varNana AyA hai, vaha kisI anya (adhunA aprApya) jaina Agama se saMgRhIta huA ho| matijJAna ke bhI cAroM (dravya, kSetra, kAla aura bhAva) bheda bhagavatI sUtra(zataka 8, uddezaka 2) se uddhRta kie hue jJAta hote haiN| kintu bhagavatI sUtra meM kevala 'pAsai' hai aura nandI meM 'na pAsai' aisA pATha AtA hai, zeSa pATha samAna hai| zrutajJAna kA viSaya bhI yahAM bhagavatIsUtra (zataka 25, uddezaka 3) se uddhRta kiyA gayA hai "kaivihe NaM bhaMte! gaNipiDae pa. goyamA! duvAlasaMge gaNipiDae pa. taM. -AyAro jAva ditttthivaao| se kiM taM AyAro? AyAre NaM samaNANaM NiggaMthANaM AyAragoya. evaM aMgaparUvaNA bhaNiyavvA, jahA naMdIe jAva suttattho khalu paDhamo, bIo nijjuttimIsio bhnnio| taio ya niravaseso. esa vihI hoi annuoge||1||" ina sabake atirikta nandI sUtra ke kitane hI sthala sthAnAMga sUtra, anuyogadvArasUtra, dazAzrutaskandhasUtra Adi aneka AgamagranthoM ke kitane hI sthAnoM se milate haiN| isa prakAra kI samAnatA se yaha bAta bhalIbhAMti pramANita ho jAtI hai ki devavAcaka kSamAzramaNa kA yaha grantha vividha AgamoM se saMkalita hai, nirmita nahIM hai| nandIsUtra kI prAmANikatA devarddhigaNI kSamAzramaNa ne bhagavAna mahAvIra svAmI ke 980 varSa pazcAt arthAt 454 I. (511 vi.) meM valabhI nagarI meM sAdhusaMgha ko ekatra kiyaa| taba taka sArA Agama kaNThastha hI rakhA jAtA thaa| devavAcaka kSamAzramaNa ke prayatna se sAdhu saMgha ke usa mahAn adhivezana meM sabase mahattvapUrNa kArya yaha huA ki taba taka kaNThastha cale Ate AgamoM ko sAdhuoM ne lipibaddha kara liyaa| eka sthAna para baiThakara eka hI samaya meM sAdhuoM dvArA likhe hone ke kAraNa hama Aja bhI ina vibhinna aMgoM meM

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1372 jinavANI- jainAgama-sAhitya vizeSAGaka sAmaMjasya pA rahe haiM aura isIliye eka grantha kA prAmANya athavA nirdeza dUsare graMtha meM pAte haiN| samAcArI zataka, patra 77 meM isa viSaya ko nimna prakAra se spaSTa kiyA hai - "sAmprataM vartamAnAH paMcatvAriMzadapyAgamAH zrIdevarddhigaNikSamAzramaNaiH zrIvIrAdazItyadhikanavazatavarSe 980 jAtena dvAdazavarSIyadarbhikSavazAta? (jAtayA dvAdazavarSIyadurbhikSatayA) bahutarasAdhuvyAptau bahuzrutavicchittau ca jAtAyAm, yadAhuH-"prasahya zrIjinazAsanaM rakSaNIyam, tadrakSaNaMca siddhAntAdhInam" iti bhaviSyadbhavyalokopakArAya zrutabhaktaye ca zrIsaMghA''grahAnmRtA'vaziSTa tatkAlIna? (lika) sarvasAdhUna vallabhyAmAkArya tanmukhAd vicchinnA'vaziSTAn nyUnAdhikAn truTitA'truTitAn AgamA''lApakAn anukrameNa svamatyA saMkalayya (te) pustakA''rUDhAH kRtaaH| tato mUlato gaNadharabhASitAnAmapi tatsaMkalanA'nantaraM sarveSAM paMcacatvAriMzanmitAnAmapyAgamAnAM kartA zrIdevarddhigaNikSamAzramaNa eva jaatH| taj jJApakamapIdam- 'yathA zrIbhagavatIsUtraM zrIsudharmasvAmikRtam / prajJApanAsUtraM ca vIrAt paMcatriMzadadhikatrizatamite varSe jAtaM zrIzyAmAcAryakRtam / zrI bhagavatyAM ca bahuSu sthAneSu sAkSiH? likhitAsti-'jahA pannavaNAe' evamanyeSvapyaMGgeSu-upAGgasAkSiH? likhitA, (sAkSya likhitam) tadvacane tvayA upayogo deyH|" isa kathana se yaha bhalIbhAMti siddha ho gayA ki devarddhigaNi kSamAzramaNa saMkalayitA the| eka Agama meM dUsare Agama ke nirdeza kA kAraNa bhI isI se samajha meM A jAtA hai| nandIsUtra kA nirdeza anya AgamoM meM milatA haijahA naMdIe(bhagavatI sUtra zataka 8, uddezaka 2, sUtra 323) / jahA naMdIe(bhagavatIsUtra zataka 8, uddezaka 2, sUtra 323) / jahA naMdIe (samavAyAMga, samavAya 88) / jahA naMdIe (rAjapraznIya, patra 305) / - isa prakAra anyAnya AgamoM meM bhI nandIsUtra kA ullekha pAyA jAtA hai| isase nandIsUtra kI pUrNa prAmANikatA va prAcInatA siddha hotI hai| nandIsUtra meM avataraNanirdeza kI zailI AgamoM kI prAcIna zailI se patA calatA hai ki prastuta Agama kA prastuta Agama meM bhI nirdeza kiyA jAtA thA, jaise ki samavAyAMga sUtra meM dvAdazAMga ke varNana prasaMga meM khuda samavAyAMga kA bhI nAma AyA hai| aise hI vyAkhyAprajJapti sUtra meM dvAdazAMga kA ullekha karate samaya khuda vyAkhyAprajJapti kA bhI nAma AyA hai| yahI krama anya AgamoM meM bhI milatA hai| yaha prAcIna paramparA vedoM meM bhI pAI jAtI hai, jaise ki ____ "suparNo'si garutmA~ sivRtte ziroM gAyatraM cakSurvRhadrathantare pakSau stoma AtmA chandAsyaMgAni yajUMSi naam|" (yajurveda adhyAya 12, mantra 4) isI prAcIna zailI ko nandIsUtra meM bhI svIkAra kiyA hai| ataeva utkAlika sUtra kI gaNanA meM nandI sUtra kA nAma milatA hai| azrutanizritajJAna kI vizeSatA _matijJAna ke zrutanizrita aura azrutanizrita ye do bheda pratipAdita kiye gae haiN| zrutanizrita kA jo viSaya nandIsUtra meM pratipAdita kiyA gayA hai vaha

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nandIsUtra kA vaiziSTya 373 anya AgamoM meM vidyamAna hai / kintu azrutanizrita ke viSaya meM jo gAthAyeM yahAM dI gaI haiM, ve anyatra nahIM miltii| saMbhava hai devavAcaka kSamAzramaNa ne udAharaNa ke rUpa meM ina gAthAoM kA nirmANa svayaM kiyA ho| nandI ko sUtra kahanA sArthaka sthAnAMga sUtra ke dvitIya sthAna prathama uddezaka meM zrutajJAna ke do bheda kiye gae haiM, jaise ki aMgapraviSTazruta aura aMgabAhyazruta | aMgabAhya ke bhI Avazyaka aura Avazyakavyatirikta aise do bheda kiye gae haiM I Avazyakavyatirikta ke bhI kAlika tathA utkAlika ye do bheda kiye gae haiN| devavacAka kSamAzramaNa ne sthAnAMgasUtra aura vyavahAra sUtra meM Ae hue AgamoM ke nAma tathA unake apane samaya meM jo Agama vidyamAna the unameM jo kAlikazruta ke antargata the unakA vaisA nirdeza kara diyA aura jo utkAlika zruta the, unheM utkAlika nirdiSTa kara diyA, jaise ki cAra mUlasUtroM meM se uttarAdhyayana sUtra kAlika hai aura dazavaikAlika, nandI, anuyogadvAra ye tInoM sUtra utkAlika haiM / isI prakAra upAMga Adi sUtroM ke saMbaMdha meM bhI samajha lenA caahie| nandI sUtra meM anukramaNikA aMza gauNa hai, sUtra aMza hI pradhAna hai, ataH isakA sUtra nAma hI sArthaka hai| akSara Adi 14 zruta kA AdhAra kahAM se liyA? nadIsUtra meM zrutajJAna ke 14 bheda varNita haiM, jaise ki "se kiM taM suyanANaparokkhaM ? suyanANaparokkhaM coddasavihaM pannattaM, taMjahAakkharasuyaM 1 aNakkharasuyaM 2 saNNisuyaM 3 asaNNisuyaM 4 sammasuyaM 5 micchasuyaM 6 sAiyaM 7 aNAiyaM 8 sapajjavasiyaM 9 apajjavasiyaM 10 gamiyaM 11 agamiyaM 12 aMgapaviTTha 13 anaMgapaviTTha14 / " yaha prasaMga bhagavatIsUtra (patra 806, sUtra 732) se liyA gayA hai| vahA~ para nandIsUtra kI antima gAthA paryanta kA nirdeza hai| nandIsUtra kI antimagAthA 90 vIM gAthA hai / kintu zrutajJAna ke caturdaza bhedoM kA jo varNana vistArapUrvaka pahale A cukA hai, usakA punaH saMkSepa se 86 vIM gAthA meM varNana kiyA gayA hai, jaise ki "akkhara, sannI, samma, sAiyaM khalu sapajjavasiyaM ca / gamiyaM aMgapaviTTha, satta vi ee sapaDivakkhA / / " anta meM niSkarSa yaha nikalA ki akSarazruta anakSarazruta Adi viSaya bhI AgamabAhya nahIM haiN| bhArata - rAmAyaNa Adi kA ullekha zramaNa bhagavAna mahAvIra svAmI ke samaya meM gaNadharoM ne sUtrarUpa se dvAdazAMgI kI racanA kii| unake samaya meM bhArata, rAmAyaNa Adi grantha vidyamAna the, ata: unakA nAma AnA asaMgata nahIM hai / pazcAt devavAcaka kSamAzramaNa ne bhArata aura rAmAyaNa ke sAtha anya zAstroM kA bhI ullekha apane nandIsUtra meM kara diyA, jaise ki koDilla (kauTilya cANakya) Adi / (nandIsUtra,

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| 374 jinavANI- jainAgama-sAhitya vizeSAGka | mithyAzratAdhikAra) nandIsUtra ke adhyayana kI viziSTatA nandIsUtra meM pAMca jJAnoM kA vistRta svarUpa pratipAdita kiyA gayA hai| kAraNa ki 'paDhamaM nANaM tao dayA'' arthAt dayA kI apekSA jJAna kA mahattva adhika hai, isalie nandIsUtra kA adhyayana atyanta Avazyaka hai| aMgasUtroM se prAya: uddhRta kara, saMkalayitA zrI devavAcaka kSamAzramaNa ne isako utkAlika sUtroM ke antarbhUta kara diyA, jisase kevala anadhyAya ko chor3akara sadaiva isakA svAdhyAya kiyA jA sakatA hai| jJAna kA pratipAdaka hone se isakA mAMgalika honA bhI svata: siddha hai| jJAna kI ArAdhanA se jaba nirvANapada kI bhI prApti ho sakatI hai to phira aura vastuoM kA to kahanA hI kyA? isa bAta kA sAkSya bhagavatIsUtra (zataka 8 uddezaka 10 sUtra 355) meM hai-- "ukkosiyaM NaM bhaMte! NANArAhaNaM ArAhettA katihiM bhavaggahaNehiM sijhaMti jAva aMtaM kareMti? goyamA! atthegaie teNeva bhavaggahaNeNaM sijhaMti jAva aMtaM kreNti| atthegaie docceNaM bhavaggahaNeNaM sijhaMti jAva aMtaM kareMti, atthegaie kappovaesu vA kappAtIesu vA uvvjjti| majjhimiyaM NaM bhaMte! NANArAhaNaM ArAhettA katihiM bhavaggahaNehiM sijjhaMti jAva aMtaM kareMti? goyamA! atthegaie docceNaM bhavaggahaNeNaM sijhaMti, jAva aMtaM kareMti, taccaM puNa bhavaggahaNaM naaikkmi| jahanniyaNNaM bhaMte! NANArAhaNaM ArAhettA katihiM bhavaggahaNehi sijjhati, jAva ata kareMti? goyamA! atthegaie tacceNaM bhavaggahaNeNaM sijjhai jAva aMta karei, sattaTTha bhavaggahaNAiM puNa naaikkmi|" / ___ arthAt jaghanya samyagjJAna kI ArAdhanA se bhI jIva adhika se adhika 7-8 bhava karake siddha ho sakatA hai| isase jJAnamaya nandIsUtra kI viziSTatA sahaja jJAta ho sakatI hai|

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nandIsUtra aura usakI mahattA *AcAryapravara zrI hastImala jI ma.sA. AcAryapravara zrI hastImala jI ma.sA. ne nandIsUtra kA saMskRta chAyA, hindI TIkA evaM anuvAda ke sAtha saMzodhana-sampAdana kiyA thA, jisakA prakAzana san 1942 meM sAtArA se huA thaa| AcArya zrI ne taba prastAvanA lekhana ke rUpa meM nandIsUtra evaM sUtrakAra kI jo carcA kI thI, usakA aMza yahAM prastuta hai| AcArya zrI ne kucha viSayoM kA vivecana AcArya zrI AtmArAmajI ma.sA. dvArA likhita bhUmikA meM A jAne se chor3a diyA thaa| isa prakAra AcArya zrI AtmArAmajI ma.sA. evaM AcArya zrI hastImala jI ma.sA. ke lekha eka-dUsare ke pUraka haiN|-smpaadk nandIsUtra kI gaNanA mUlasUtroM meM hotI hai| niyuktikAra ne 'nandI' zabda kA nikSepa karate hue kahA hai ki 'bhAvaMmi nANapaNagaM' arthAt bhAvanikSepa meM pA~ca jJAna ko nandI kahate haiN| nATyazAstra meM aura 12 prakAra ke vAdya artha meM bhI nandI zabdakA prayoga AtA hai| kintu yahAM pA~ca jJAnarUpa bhAvanandI kA varNana karane evaM bhavyajanoM ke pramoda kA kAraNa hone se yaha zAstra nandI kahalAtA hai| pA~ca jJAna kI sUcanA karane se yaha sUtra hai| aMgAdi AgamoM meM nandI kA sthAna- aMga, upAMga, mUla va cheda isa prakAra jainAgamoM ke prasiddha jo cAra vibhAga haiM unameM prastuta nandIsUtra kA mUla Agama meM sthAna hai, kyoMki isameM AtmA ke mUla guNa jJAna kA varNana kiyA gayA hai| (aMga, upAMga, mUla va cheda kI vizeSa jAnakArI ke lie sAtArA se prakAzita dazavaikAlika sUtra kI bhUmikA dekheM) nandIsUtra kA vizeSa paricaya nandIsUtra kA viSaya hai AtmA ke jJAnaguNa kA varNana krnaa| isameM jJAna se saMbaMdha rakhane vAle saMsthAna Adi saba bAtoM ko nahIM kaha pA~coM jJAnoM ke mukhya bhedoM kA svarUpa aura unake jAnane kA viSaya dikhAyA gayA hai| viSaya-nandIsUtra meM AcArya zrI devavAcaka ne sarvaprathama arhadAdi AvalikA rUpa se 50 gAthAoM meM maMgalAcaraNa kiyA hai| phira AbhinibodhikajJAna, zrutajJAna Adi jJAna ke pA~ca bheda karake prakArAntara se pratyakSa va parokSa saMjJA se jJAna ke do prakAra kiye haiN| pratyakSa ke indriya pratyakSa va noindriyapratyakSa aise do bheda karake prathama 5 prakAra kA indriyapratyakSa kahA hai, jisako jaina nyAyazAstra kI paribhASA meM sAMvyavahArika pratyakSa kahate haiN| tadanantara noindriya pratyakSa meM avadhijJAna, mana:paryavajJAna va kevalajJAna kA avAntara bhedoM ke sAtha varNana kiyA hai| isa prakAra pradhAnatva kI dRSTi se pratyakSa varNana karake phira parokSa jJAna meM Abhinibodhaka jJAna ke azruta-nizrita va zruta-nizrita aise do bheda kie gae haiM tathA autpattikI Adi 4 buddhioM ke udAharaNapUrvaka varNana se azruta nizrita matijJAna kahA gayA hai| avagraha, IhA, avAya aura dhAraNA bheda se bhinna zrutanizrita matijJAna kA prabhedoM se varNana karake pratibodhaka aura mallaka ke

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1376 jinavANI- jainAgama-sAhitya vizeSAGka dRSTAnta se avagraha, IhA Adi meM paraspara bheda samajhAyA gayA hai| isake bAda uttarArdha meM zrutajJAna parokSa ke 1. akSara 2. anakSara 3. sanni 4. asanni 5. samyak 6. mithyA 7. sAdi 8. anAdi 9. sAvasAna 10. niravasAna 11. gamika 12. agamika 13. aMgapraviSTa aura 14. anaMgapraviSTa aise 14 bhedoM kA kathana karake kramaza: unakA svarUpa batAyA gayA hai| aMgabAhyazruta meM Avazyaka ke 6 adhyayanoM aura utkAlika va kAlika zrutoM kI parigaNanA kI gaI hai| bAda meM aMgapraviSTa meM 11 aMgoM kA viSaya-paricaya va unake zrutaskandha, adhyayana Adi kA parimANa evaM uddezana samuddezana kAla kA nirdeza kiyA gayA hai| phira 12veM aMga dRSTivAda ke 1. parikarma 2. sUtra 3. pUrvagata 4. anuyoga va 5. cUlikA ina pA~coM prakAroM kA avAntara bhedoM ke sAtha varNana kiyA gayA hai| anta meM dvAdazAMgI kI virAdhanA kA saMsAra meM bhramaNa rUpa aura usakI ArAdhanA kA saMsAra se tAraNarUpa phala batAyA hai| upasaMhAra meM paMcAstikAya kI taraha dvAdazAMgI kI nityatA dikhAkara zrutajJAna ke bhedoM kA do gAthAoM se saMgraha kiyA hai| Age anuyoga zravaNa evaM anuyoga dAna kI vidhi kahI gaI hai| isa prakAra zrutajJAna parokSa ke sAtha nandIsUtra kI samApti hotI hai| racanA kA mUla AdhAra evaM zailI- isakI racanA kA mUla AdhAra pA~cavA~ jJAnapravAda pUrva saMbhava lagatA hai, kyoMki usameM jJAnasaMbaMdhI varNana hai| vartamAna ke aMgopAMga Adi zAstra meM bhI isakA AdhAra milatA hai| nandIsUtra kI racanA sUtra aura gAthA ubhayarUpa se huI hai| isakI sUtraracanA praznottara ke rUpa meM hone se prAya: sugama hai| pratyeka prazna vAkya ke antima pada ko uttara vAkya meM bhI duharAyA gayA hai| prAcIna AgamoM meM bahudhA yaha zailI dRSTigocara hotI hai (dekheM, bhagavatIsUtra Adi aNgshaastr)| yahAM pAThakoM ko zaMkA hogI ki zAstra to alpAkSara aura baha arthavAle hote haiM, phira isa sUtra meM eka hI pada kI aneka bAda AvRtti kyoM kI? kyA isase punarukti doSa nahIM hogA? uttara meM punarukti sarvatra doSa hI hotA hai yA kahIM guNa bhI, yaha samajhanA caahie| AcAryoM ne kaI prasaMga aise mAne haiM jinameM punarukti doSa nahIM hotA, yathA--- punaruktirna duSyate ___ uparyukta zloka meM AdarArtha kiye gaye punarukta ko bhI nirdoSa mAnA hai, isake sivAya kahIM-kahIM subodhArtha kI bhI zAbdika yA Arthika punarakti kI gaI hai, jaise-Aghavijjai, panna. Adi, isake lie AcArya ne 'ziSyabuddhivaizadyArtham' aisA uttara diyA hai| bhASA aura grantha parimANa- bhagavatI sUtra kI taraha nandIsUtra kI mUlabhASA prAcIna prAkRta hai| prAkRta sAhitya meM thor3A bhI abhyAsa rakhane vAlA isa para se sahaja bodha kara sakatA hai| grantha parimANa sAta sau kA kahA jAtA hai| jaise

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| nandIsUtra aura usakI mahattA 377 1474 kI hastalikhita prati meM granthAgra 700 likhA hai| kintu 'jayai' pada se antima 'se taM nandI' isa pada taka ke pATha ko akSaragaNanA se ginane para 20686 akSara hote haiM, jinake 646 zloka 14 akSara hote haiN| agara kahA jAya ki 700 kI gaNanA ANunnAnandI ko lekara pUrI kI gaI hai, to usameM bahuta zloka bar3hate haiM, ata: aisA mAnanA bhI saMgata nhiiN| pracalita nandIsUtra kA mUlapATha yadi kauMsa ke pAThoM ko milAveM to bhI 650 karIba hotA hai, saMbhava hai kAlakrama se kucha pATha kI kamI ho gaI ho, yA lekhakoM ne anumAna se 700 likhA ho| kartA- nandIsUtra ke kartA zrIdevavacAka AcArya mAne jAte haiN| cUrNikAra zrIjinadAsagaNi ApakA paricaya dete hue likhate haiM ki 'devavAyago sAhujaNa-hiyaTThAe iNamAha'- nandIcUrNi (pR. 20.1 /12) / isakI puSTi meM vRttikAra zrI haribhadrasUri kA ullekha isa prakAra hai- "devavAcako'dhikRtAdhyayanaviSayabhUtasya jJAnasya prarUpaNAM kurvannidamAha'' phira-- 'nanu devavAcakaracito'yaM grantha iti' nandI hAribhadrIyA vRtti (pR.37) uparyukta uddharaNoM se yaha spaSTa ho jAtA hai ki nandIsUtra ke lekhaka zrIdevavAcaka AcArya haiM, kintu yaha vicAranA Avazyaka ho jAtA hai ki AcArya zrI ne isakA maulika nirmANa kiyA hai yA prAcIna zAstroM se uddharaNa kiyA hai? TIkAkAra zrI haribhadrasUri ne mana:paryavajJAna kI vyAkhyA karate hue likhA hai ki yaha grantha devavAcakaracita hai, taba aprAsaMgika gautama kA AmantraNa kyoM? isa zaMkA ke uttara meM Apa kahate haiM ki "pUrvasUtroM ke AlApaka hI artha ke vaza se AcArya ne race haiM' dekho 'pUrvasUtrAlApakA eva arthavazAdviracitAH'-zrImannandI-hA.vR. (pR. 42) upAdhyAya samayasundara gaNi bhI likhate hai- 'aMgazAstroM ke sivAya anya zAstra AcAryoM ne aMgoM se uddhRta kiye haiM' dekho- 'ekAdaza aMgAni gaNadharabhASitAni, anyAgamAH sarve'pi chadmasthai aMgebhyaH uddhRtAH santi'-- pR.77, samAcArI shtk| saMkalanakartA va nirmAtA- zrIdevavAcaka AcArya prastuta sUtra ke saMkalanakartA haiN| inhoMne isakA saMkalana kiyA hai, nUtana nirmANa nhiiN| upAdhyAyazrI ne apanI bhUmikA meM isa viSaya ko sapramANa siddha kiyA hai| TIkAkAra zrIharibhadrUsari jI bhI mana:paryava jJAna kI vyAkhyA karate hae 'pUrva sUtroM ke AlApa ko hI AcArya ne arthavaza se race haiM' aisA likhate haiM, dekho TIkA pR.42| dUsarI bAta yaha hai ki nandIsUtra meM Aye hue 'terAsiya' pada kA artha cUrNikAra va vRttikAroM ne 'AjIvika sampradAya' hI kiyA hai| dekho- 'te ceva AjIviyA terAsiyA bhaNiyA' cUrNi. pR.106 paM.9 aura 'trairAzikAzcA

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378 jinavANI- jainAgama-sAhitya vizeSAGka jIvakA evocyante' hAribhradIyA vRtti pR. 107 paM. 7 / yadi devavAcaka ko hI nandIsUtra kA mUla kartA mAnA hotA to cUrNi aura vRtti meM 'terAsiya' pada kA artha bhI AcArya trairAzika sampradAya karate, kyoMki vI. ni. 544 meM rohagupta AcArya se trairAzika sampradAya kA AvirbhAva ho cukA thaa| phira bhI 'terAsiya' pada se AjIvaka hI kahe jAte haiM, aisA AcArya zrI kA nizcayAtmaka vacana yahI siddha karatA hai ki nandIsUtra kI maulika racanA gaNadharakRta hai, kyoMki devavAcaka kA sattA samaya dUSyagaNi ke bAda mAnA gayA hai, vI. ni. 544 ke pUrva kA nhiiN| ina saba pramANoM se siddha hotA hai ki 'devavAcaka' AcArya nandIsUtra ke saMkalanakartA hI haiN| devavAcaka aura devarddhigaNi- nandIsUtra ke saMkalanakartA zrI devavAcaka aura devarddhigaNi donoM bhinna-bhinna haiM yA eka hI AcArya ke ye do nAma haiM, isa viSaya meM zrImannandIsUtra ke upodghAta meM isa prakAra likhA hai- "devavAcaka kA dUsarA nAma zrI devarddhigaNI hai, kintu nandIsUtra ke saMkalanakartA devavAcaka AgamoM ko pustakArUDha karane vAle devarddhi se bhinna haiM / " sthavirAvalI kI merutuMgiyA TIkA meM bhI 'dUsagaNiNo ya devaDDhI' likhakara devavAcaka kA dUsarA nAma devarddhi mAnA hai| 'gacchamataprabandha ane saMgha pragati' ke lekhaka buddhisAgara sUrI ne pR. 526 kI paTTAvalI meM bhI devavAcaka aura devarddhi ko bhinna-bhinna mAnA hai / uparyukta mAnyatA meM nandI va kalpasUtra kI sthavirAvalI pramANa samajhI jAtI hai, kyoMki nandIsUtra ke racayitA devavAcaka ko vRttikAra ne dUSyagaNi kA ziSya kahA hai aura kalpa kI sthavirAvalI ke nirmAtA devarddhigaNI zANDilya ke ziSya mAne gaye haiM, devarddhi jo pUrvavartI haiM ve zAstroM ko pustakArUDha karane vAle mAne jAyeMge aura dUSyagaNi ke ziSya devavAcaka nandIsUtra ke lekhaka hoNge| arthAt zAstralekhana ke bAda nandIsUtra kA nirmANa mAnanA hogA, jo sarvathA viruddha hai / nandIsUtra kI vizeSatA zrI nandIsUtra aura zrI devarddhigaNI ke viSaya meM saMkSipta paricaya dekara hama prastuta sUtra kI vizeSatA para vicAra karate haiN| sthAnAMga, samavAyAMga, bhagavatI va rAjapraznIya Adi aMga aura upAMga zAstroM meM prasaMgopAtta jJAna kA varNana milatA hai, kintu isa prakAra vizada rIti se pA~ca jJAnoM kA ekatra varNana nandIsUtra meM hI upalabdha hotA hai, zrutanizrita matijJAna ke avagraha Adi bhedoM ko pratibodhaka va mallaka ke udAharaNa se samajhAnA aura cAra buddhioM kA udAharaNa ke sAtha paricaya denA yaha nandIsUtra kI khAsa vizeSatA hai| pUrva varNita viSaya kA gAthAoM ke dvArA saMkSepa meM upasaMhAra kara dikhAnA yaha isa sUtra kI dUsarI vizeSatA hai|

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nandIsUtra aura usakI mahattA 379 nandIsUtra para TIkAe~ nandIsUtra para prAkRta, saMskRta, hindI, gujarAtI aisI cAra bhASAoM meM TIkAe~ upalabdha haiN| inameM prathama TIkA jo cUrNi kahalAtI hai, vaha jinadAsagaNi mahattarakRta prAkRta bhASA meM hai| dUsarI TIkA zrI haribhadrasUrikRta saMskRta bhASA meM hai| yaha TIkA bahuta acchI hai| prAya: cUrNi ke Adarza para nirmANa kI gaI mAlUma hotI hai| tIsarI zrImalayagiri TIkA hai| isameM malayagiri AcAryakRta vistRta vivecana hai| cauthI gujarAtI bAlAvabodha nAma kI TIkA rAyabahAdura dhanapatisiMha jI kI tarapha se prakAzita hai| pA~cavI pUjya zrI amolakaRSikRta hindI anuvAda hai| sabhI mUla ke sAtha mudrita haiN| zAstrAntara ke sAtha nandIsUtra kA bheda jaba hama nandIsUtra ke viSaya ko anya zAstroM meM dekhate haiM, taba unameM kahIM kahIM bheda bhI milatA hai, jisameM kucha bheda to vizeSatAdarzaka hai aura kucha matabhedasUcaka bhii| yahAM hama unakA saMkSepa meM digdarzana karAte haiM1. avadhijJAna ke viSaya, saMsthAna, Abhyantara aura bAhya tathA dezAvadhi, sarvAvadhi Adi vicAra pannavaNA ke 33 veM pada meM milate haiN| 2. matisampadA ke nAma se dazAzrutaskandha ke caturtha adhyayana meM avagraha, IhA, avAya aura dhAraNA ko kSipra grahaNa karanA 1, eka sAtha bahuta grahaNa karanA 2, aneka prakAra se aura nizcala rUpa se grahaNa karanA 3-4, binA kisI ke sahAre tathA sandeharahita grahaNa karanA 5-6, ye cha: prakAra haiM, pratipakSa ke 6 prakAra milAne se avagraha Adi ke 12-12 bheda hote haiN| ye donoM bheda vizeSatA darzaka haiN| 3. pA~ca jJAnoM meM prathama ke 3 jJAna mithyAdRSTi ke liye mithyAjJAna kahalAte haiN| nandIsUtra meM matiajJAna aura zrutaajJAna kA ullekha milatA hai, kintu bhagavatI Adi zAstroM meM mithyAdRSTi ke avadhijJAna ko bhI vibhaMgajJAna kahA hai| (za.8, u.2) 4. matijJAna kA viSaya- nandIsUtra meM matijJAna kA viSaya dikhAte hue kahA hai ki matijJAnI sAmAnya rUpa se saba dravyoM ko jAnatA hai kintu dekhatA nhiiN| parantu bhagavatI sUtra ke za.8 u.2 aura sUtra 102 meM kahA hai ki "matijJAnI sAmAnya rUpa se saba dravyoM ko jAnatA aura dekhatA hai|'' uparyukta donoM ullekhoM meM mahAn bheda dikhatA hai| bhagavatI sUtra meM TIkAkAra ne isako vAcanAntara mAnA hai, unakA vaha ullekha isa prakAra hai- 'idaM ca sUtraM nandyAmihaiva vAcanAntare 'na pAsai' iti pAThAntareNAdhItam', donoM vAcanAoM kA TIkAkAra ne isa prakAra samanvaya kiyA hai- 'Adeza' pada kA 'zruta' artha karake zrutajJAna se upalabdha saba dravyoM ko matijJAnI jAnatA hai, yaha bhagavatI sUtra kA Azaya hai| nandIsUtra meM 'na pAsai' kahane kA Azaya isa prakAra hai--- Adeza kA matalaba hai prkaar| vaha sAmAnya aura vizeSa aise do prakAra

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380 jinavANI- jainAgama sAhitya vizeSAGka kA hai, unameM dravyajAti isa sAmAnya prakAra se dharmAstikAya Adi saba dravyoM ko matijJAnI jAnatA hai aura dharmAstikAya, dharmAstikAya kA deza isa vizeSa rUpa se bhI jAnatA hai, kintu dharmAstikAya Adi saba dravyoM ko nahIM dekhatA, kevala yogya deza meM sthita zabdarUpa Adi ko dekhatA hai, dekheM- vaha TIkA kA aMza- "Adeza: prakAra:, sa ca sAmAnyato vizeSatazca / tatra dravyajAtisAmAnyadezena sarvadravyANi dharmAstikAyAdIni jAnAti, vizeSato'pi yathA dharmAstikAyo dharmAstikAyasya deza ityAdi na pazyati sarvAn dharmAstikAyAdIn, zabdAdIMstu yogyadezAvasthitAn pazyatyapIti / " zrutajJAna dvAdazAMgI kA paricaya samavAyAMga sUtra meM nandIsUtra se kucha bhinna milatA hai| pariziSTa meM samavAyAMga kA pATha diyA hai, jisako par3hakara pAThaka sahaja meM bhinna aMza ko samajha sakate haiM / usameM bahuta sA aMza viziSTatAsUcaka hai, kintu AThaveM, navaveM aura dazaveM aMga ke paricaya meM jo bheda hai vaha vizeSa vicAraNIya hai| AThaveM aMga ke 8 varga aura uddezana kAla haiM, parantu samavAyAMga meM dasa adhyayana, sAta varga aura 10 uddezanakAla, samuddezanakAla kahe haiN| TIkAkAra ne isakA samAdhAna aisA kiyA hai- 1 prathama varga kI apekSA hI daza adhyayana ghaTita hote haiM, 2 prathamavarga se itara kI apekSA 7 varga hote haiM / uddezanakAla ke liye likhate haiM ki- 'nAsyAbhiprAyamavagacchAmaH arthAt isakA abhiprAya hama nahIM smjhte| sambhava hai yaha vAcanAntara kI dRSTi se likhA gayA ho / navama aMga ke tIna varga aura tIna uddezanakAla haiM, kintu samavAyAMga meM daza adhyayana, tIna varga aura uddezanakAla va samuddezanakAla 10 likhe haiM / TIkAkAra zrI abhayadevasUri isake vivecana meM likhate haiM ki- 'vargazca yugapadevoddizyate ityatastraya eva uddezanakAlA bhavantItyevameva ca nandyAmabhidhIyante, iha tu dRzyante dazetyatrAbhiprAyo na jJAyata iti" - sama / arthAt varga kA eka sAtha hI uddezana hotA hai, isaliye tIna hI uddezanakAla hote haiM aura aisA hI nandIsUtra meM kahA jAtA hai| yahAM daza uddezanakAla dikhate haiM, kintu isameM abhiprAya kyA? vaha mAluma nahIM hotA / praznavyAkaraNa ke 45 uddezanakAla ke liye bhI TIkAkAra zrI abhayadevasUri 'vAcanAntara kI apekSA' aisA uttara dete haiN| uparyukta bhedoM ke sivAya bhI jo bheda hoM, unake liye vAcanA bheda ko kAraNa samajhanA cAhiye / malayagiri AcArya ne apanI TIkA meM yahI kAraNa dikhAyA hai, yathA- "iha hi skandilAcArya - pravRttau duSSamAnubhAvato durbhikSapravRttyA sAdhUnAM paThanaguNanAdikaM sarvamapyanezat / tato durbhikSAtikrame subhikSapravRttau dvayoH saMghayormelApako'bhavat, tadyathA eko valabhyAmeko mathurAyAm / tatra ca sUtrArtha-saMghaTane parasparavAcanAbhedo jAtaH / vismRtayorhi sUtrArthayoH smRtvA saMghaTane bhavatyavazyaM vAcanAbhedo na kAcidanupapattiH / "

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nandIsUtra aura usakI mahattA 381 samayasundara upAdhyAya ne apane samAcArI zataka meM bhI likhA hai " tarhi kathametAvanto visaMvAdA likhitAstena ? ucyate-- ekaM tu kAraNamidaM yathA-yathA yasmin yasmin Agame mRtAvaziSTasAdhubhiryad yaduktam tathA tathA tasmin tasmina Agame zrIdevarddhigaNikSamAzramaNenA'pi pustakArUDhIkRtam, na hi pApabhIravo mahAnta 'idaM satyam' 'idaM tu asatyamiti' ekAntena prarUpayantIti, dvitIyaM tu kAraNamidaM yathA valabhyAM yasminkAle devarddhigaNikSamAzramaNato vAcanA pravRttA tathA tasminneva kAle mathurAnagaryAmapi skandilAcAryato'pi dvitIyA vAcanA pravRttA tadA tatkAlIna mRtAvaziSTachadmasthasAdhumukhavinirgatA''gamAlApakeSu saMkalanAyA vismRtatvAdidoSa eva vAcanAvisaMvAdakArako jAtaH '- pR. 80 durbhikSa ke bAda bace hue sAdhuoM ne jisa-jisa Agama meM jaisA kahA vaisA devarddhigaNI ne pustakArUDha kara liyA, kyoMki pApabhIru AcArya yaha satya, yaha asatya aisA ekAnta se prarUpaNa nahIM krte| dUsarA valabhI aura mathurA meM eka samaya do vAcanAe~ huI thI, jisameM mRtAvaziSTa sAdhuoM ke mukha se nikale hue AlApakoM kI saMkalanA meM vismRtatva Adi doSa hI vAcanA ke visaMvAda kA kAraNa huA / uparyukta ullekha se vAcanAbheda va matabheda kA kAraNa spaSTa ho jAtA hai, isaliye zaMkA karane kI AvazyakatA nahIM rahatI /

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anuyogadvAra sUtra DaoN priyA jaina anuyogadvArasUtra kI gaNanA mUla sUtroM meM hotI hai| ise cUlikA sUtra bhI kahA gayA hai, jise Adhunika bhASA meM pariziSTa kahA jA sakatA hai| AryarakSita dvArA nirmita yaha Agama AgamoM evaM TIkAgranthoM kI zailI kA pratipAdana karatA hai| isa zailI kA upayoga digambara grantha SaTakhaNDAgama kI dhavalA TIkA meM bhI dRSTigocara hotA hai| madrAsa vizvavidyAlaya meM jaina dharma-darzana kI atithi prAdhyApaka DaoN. priyA jaina ne anuyogadvAra sUtra kI viSayavastu ko saMkSepa meM prastuta kiyA hai|- sampAdaka jinatva kA prakAza aura jainatva kA AdhAra srota hai jainaagm| saddharma, darzana, saMskAra aura saMskRti kA nirjhara hai jainaagm| ajJAna timira dUra haTA, jJAna kA Aloka phailAtA hai jainaagm| zratajJAna kI akSaNNa dhArA kA apara nAma hai jainaagm| sabhyatA evaM AdhyAtmikatA kI anupama nidhi hai jainaagm| sva kA paricaya, para kA viveka karAtA hai jainaagm| satyaM, zivaM, sundaram kA sAkAra rUpa hai jainaagm| sarvajJa, sarvadarzI, vItarAga prabhu ke hastAkSara hai jainaagm| AtmajJAna, vItarAga vijJAna kA akSuNNa bhaMDAra hai jainaagm| zratagAgara meM mokSasAgara ko sameTe hai jainaagm| ananta kAla taka Ananda barasAtA hai jainaagm| janma, jarA, maraNa ke mahAsindhu se pAra utAratA hai jainaagm| aNu aura brahmANDa ke rahasya kholatA hai jainaagm| AtmajJAna, Atmadarzana, AtmaramaNa kA preraNA-srota hai jainaagm| jainAgama sarvajJa, sarvadarzI, vItarAga prabhu kI vANI hai jo ki bhAratIya sAhitya kI anupama evaM amUlya dharohara hai| inake adhyayana ke binA bhAratIya itihAsa kA sahI citraNa va saMskRti kA samyaka mUlyAMkana asaMbhava hai| tattvadraSTA, AtmavijetA vItarAga prabhu ne AgamoM meM AtmA kI zAzvata sattA kA udghoSa kiyA hai, anamola manuSya janma ko sArthaka karane kI preraNA va Atmazuddhi kA mahApatha prakAzita kiyA hai| tIrthakaroM dvArA praNIta, gaNadharoM dvArA sUtrabaddha Agama gaNipiTaka yA dvAdazAMgI ke nAma se abhihita haiM aura aMga bAhya AgamoM meM upAMga, mUla, cheda Adi sUtra samAhita haiN| bhagavAna mahAvIra ke aMtima upadeza rUpa uttarAdhyayana sUtra, putra manaka ke liye zayyaMbhava dvArA kRta dazavaikAlika sUtra , devavAcaka kRta nandIsUtra evaM Arya rakSita dvArA racita anuyogadvAra sUtra ye cAra mUla sUtra kahe jAte haiN| anuyoga dvAra sUtra ko cUlikA sUtra hone se Agama pariziSTa bhI kahA jA sakatA hai| sUtrakRtAMga, prajJApanA, sthAnAMga, samavAyAMga kI taraha anuyogadvAra sUtra meM dArzanika viSayoM kA talasparzI vivecana milatA hai| jaise pAMca jJAnarUpa nandI maMgalasvarUpa hai vaise hI anuyogadvAra sUtra samasta AgamoM aura unakI vyAkhyAoM ko samajhane meM kuMjI sadRza hai| jaise eka bhavya maMdira zikhara se adhika zobhA prApta karatA

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| anuyogadvAra sUtra 3831 hai vaise hI Agama maMdira bhI nandI aura anuyogadvAra rUpa zikhara se adhika jamagAtA hai / nandI aura samavAyAMga meM jo AgamoM kA paricaya diyA hai usameM AcArAMga Adi AgamoM ke saMkhyeya anuyogadvAra haiM, yaha ullekha hai| bhagavatI sUtra meM anuyogadvAra sUtragata anuyogadvAra ke cAra mUladvAroM meM se nayavicAraNA kA vistRta varNana kiyA hai| isa saMkSipta saMketa se yaha kahA jA sakatA hai ki bhagavAna mahAvIra ke samaya meM sUtra kI vyAkhyA karane kI jo vidyA thI, usakA samAveza karane vAlA sUtra anuyogadvAra hai| prastuta Agama meM vyAkhyeya zabda kA nikSepa karake, usake aneka arthoM kA nirdeza kara, usa zabda kA prastuta meM kaunasA artha grAhya hai, yaha zailI apanAyI gaI hai| isI zailI kA anusaraNa vaidika aura bauddha sAhitya meM bhI kiyA gayA hai| anuyoga aura anuyogadvAra eka cintana zabda tathA artha ke yoga ko anuyoga kahate haiN| 'anu' upasarga aura 'yoga' zabda se 'anuyoga' banA hai| sUtra yA zabda ke anukUla, anurUpa yA susaMgata saMyoga anuyoga hai / anuyoga, niyoga, bhASA, vibhASA aura vArtika ye pAMcoM paryAyavAcI aura anuyoga ke ekArthavAcI nAma haiN| anuyoga kI nirukti meM sUcI, mudrA, pratigha sambhavadala aura vartikA-ye pA~ca dRSTAnta ginAye haiN| lakar3I se kisI vastu ko taiyAra karane ke lie pahale lakar3I ke nirupayogI bhAga ko nikAlane ke lie usake Upara eka rekhA meM jo DorA DAlA jAtA hai, vaha sUcI karma hai| usa Dore se lakar3I ke Upara jo cihna kiyA jAtA hai vaha mudrA karma hai| isake bAda usake nirupayogI bhAga ko chAMTakara nikAla diyA jAtA hai- ise pratigha karma kahate haiN| phira isa lakar3I ke AvazyakatAnusAra jo bhAga kara diye jAte haiM vaha sambhavadala karma hai aura anta meM vastu taiyAra karake usa para pAliza Adi kara dI jAtI hai, vaha vartikA karma hai| isa prakAra ina pAMca karmoM se jaise vivakSita vastu taiyAra ho jAtI hai, usI prakAra anuyoga zabda se bhI AgamAnukUla sampUrNa artha kA grahaNa hotA hai| dravyasaMgraha meM anuyoga, adhikAra, pariccheda, prakaraNa ityAdi ekArthavAcI zabda ginAye haiM aura kasAyapAhur3a meM anuyogadvAra para prakAza DAlate hue likhA hai ki artha ke jAnane ke upAyabhUta adhikAra ko anuyogadvAra kahate haiN| paMDita sukhalAla jI anuyoga kA artha vyAkhyA yA vivaraNa karate haiM aura dvAra kA artha prazna karate haiN| isa prakAra prazna yA praznoM ke mAdhyama se vicAraNA dvArA vastu ke taha taka pahuMcane ko anuyogadvAra kahate haiN| syAdvAdamaMjarI meM pravacana-anuyoga rUpI mahAnagara ke cAra dvAra batAye haiM-- upakrama, nikSepa, anugama aura ny| tattvArthAdhigama sUtra meM tattvoM ke vistRta jJAna ke lie nirdeza, svAmitva, sAdhana, adhikaraNa Adi caudaha anuyogoM yA vicAraNA dvAroM kA nirdeza kiyA hai| tattvArtha sUtra meM hI nAma, sthApanA, dravya aura bhAva se tattvoM kA nyAsa

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1384 jinavANI- jainAgama-sAhitya vizeSAGka | arthAt nikSepa hone kA nirdeza milatA hai aura isI kA anuyogadvAra sUtra meM yatra-tatra--sarvatra prayoga huA hai| dhavalA' meM anuyogoM kA prayojana padArthoM kA spaSTIkaraNa hai| bhagavAna mahAvIra ne pahale artha kA upadeza diyA aura bAda meM gaNadharoM ne sUtra kI racanA kii| sUtra, artha ke bAda meM hai isalie 'anu' kahalAtA hai| isa anu kA 'artha' ke sAtha yoga 'anuyoga' hai| sArAMza yaha hai ki zabdoM kI vyAkhyA karane kI prakriyA anuyoga haiM / isa prakAra anuyogadvAra sUtra eka mahAkozase kama nahIM hai jo Agama varNita tathyoM, siddhAntoM, tattvoM ko samajhane hetu samyak digdarzana karatA eka anUThA Agama hai| jaina Agama sAhitya ko aneka anuyogoM meM vibhakta kiyA gayA hai| bArahaveM aMga dRSTivAda ke parikarma, sUtra, pUvargata, anuyoga aura cUlikA ye pAMca bheda kiye gaye haiN| digaMbara paramparA meM prathamAnuyoga, caraNAnuyoga, karaNAnayoga aura dravyAnuyoga tathA zvetAmbara paramparA meM caraNakaraNAnuyoga, dharmakathAnuyoga, gaNitAnuyoga aura dravyAnuyoga isa prakAra cAra anuyoga haiN| nAma aura krama bheda se donoM paramparAoM meM anuyoga ke mAdhyama se tattvajJAna, itihAsa, jaina AcAra, karma-siddhAnta Adi kA sundara vivecana vizleSaNa milatA hai| samagra Agama sAhitya meM anuyogoM kA varNana pRthak evaM apRthak rUpa se dRSTigocara hotA hai| prAcIna kAla meM pratyeka sUtra kI cAroM anuyogoM dvArA vyAkhyA kI jAtI thI / anuyogadvArasUtra ke racanAkAra AryarakSita se pUrva zrutajJAna pradAna karane kI paramparA yaha thI ki pUrvadhara va zrutadhara AcArya apane pratibhAzAlI medhAvI ziSyoM ko sUtroM kI vAcanA dete samaya cAroM anuyogoM kA sahaja rUpa se bodha karA dete the, arthAt dvAdazAMgI sUtra jJAna ke sAtha-sAtha avibhakta rUpa se anuyoga kI dRSTi se vyAkhyA kara dete the| jinabhadragaNi kSamAzramaNa se likhA hai ki Arya vajra taka jaba anuyoga apRthak the taba eka hI sUtra kI cAroM anuyogoM ke rUpa meM vyAkhyA hotI thii| anuyogadvAra ke racanAkAra AryarakSita anuyogadvAra nAmaka caturtha mUlasUtra ke saMkalanakartA va racanAkAra mAne jAte haiN| Arya rakSita ke pUrva AgamoM ke anuyogoM ke apRthak rUpa se calI A rahI vAcanA.paramparA pRthak anuyoga kI vyavasthA ke rUpa meM ubhara kara aaii| AryarakSita ke anekAneka jJAnI, dhyAnI, ziSya samudAya meM cAra pramukha ziSya the- durbalikApuSyamitra, phalgurakSita, vindhya aura gosstthaamaahil| durbalikApuSyamitra avirata rUpa se svAdhyAya meM lIna rahate the| anya tIna pratibhAsampanna ziSyoM kI prArthanA para pRthak vAcanAcArya ke rUpa meM durbalikA puSyamitra ko niyukta kiyA gyaa| naye vAcanAcArya ke sAmane samayAbhAva ke kAraNa paThita jJAna ke vismaraNa hone kI samasyA A khar3I huii| taba AryarakSita Agama-jJAna kI asurakSA ke vicAra se cintita ho uThe aura

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anuyogadvAra sUtra 3851 dUradarzitA se kAma lete hue unhoMne isa ati durgama zrutasAdhanA ko sarala, sugamya banAne hetu anuyoga kI vyavasthA prastuta kii| anuyogadvAra meM dravyAnuyoga kI pradhAnatA hai| vIra nirvANa saM. 592, vi.saM. 122 ke AsapAsa yaha mahattvapUrNa kArya dazapura meM sampanna huaa| isameM cAra dvAra haiM, 1899 zlokapramANa upalabdha mUla pATha hai| 152 gadya sUtra haiM aura 143 padya sUtra haiM / zramaNa bhagavAna mahAvIra ke samaya kI vyAkhyApaddhati kA hI anukaraNa anuyogadvAra meM kiyA gayA hai, yaha spaSTa vidita hotA hai| isake anantara likhe gaye zvetAmbara evaM digambara paramparA ke graMthoM meM bhI isI zailI kA anukaraNa milatA hai| anuyogadvAra para do cUrNiyAM, eka TIkA, do vRttiyAM, eka TabbA, vyAkhyAe~, anuvAda Adi milate haiM, isase isakI upayogitA siddha hotI hai| anuyogadvAra kI viSaya vastu sarvaprathama satya ke udbodhaka ke rUpa meM paMca jJAna se anuyogadvAra sUtra kA maMgalAcaraNa racanAkAra ne kiyA hai| isake pazcAt zrutajJAna ke uddeza, samuddeza, anujJA aura anuyoga kI pravRtti kA saMketa kara Avazyaka anuyoga para sarvAMgINa prakAza DAlA hai| Avazyaka sUtra meM sAdhanA krama hone se Avazyaka sUtra kI vyAkhyA sarvaprathama karake sAdhaka, sAdhanA aura sAdhya kI tripuTI ke rahasya ko kholane kA saphala prayAsa kiyA hai| Avazyaka zrutaskandhAdhyayana kA svarUpa cAra nikSepoM dvArA spaSTa karate hue yaha siddha kiyA hai ki Avazyaka eka zrutaskandha rUpa aura aneka adhyayanarUpa hai| dekheM cArTa Avazyaka nAma sthApanA dravya nAma se vastu kI sthApanA 40 bheda AgamataH no AgamataH AgamataH no AgamataH laukika kuprAvacanika lokottarika sAta nayoM tIna dRSTiyoM se cintana se cintana jJazarIra bhavya zarIra tadvyatirikta skandha nAma sthApanA dravya bhAva nAma sthApanA dravya bhAva

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1386 ma jinavANI- jainAgama-sAhitya vizeSAGka | Avazyaka-nAma, sthApanA, dravya aura bhAva nikSepa se cAra prakAra kA hai tathA sthApanA Avazyaka ke cAlIsa bheda batAye haiN| Agamata: dravya Avazyaka ko saptanaya se tathA noAgamata: dravya Avazyaka ko jJazarIra, bhavyazarIra tathA tadavyatirikta/ tadvyatirekta-- ina tIna dRSTiyoM se samajhAyA hai| bhAva Avazyaka ke do bheda batAkara no Agamata: bhAva Avazyaka ke tIna upabhedoM ko samajhane kI AvazyakatA va Avazyaka ke avazyakaraNIya dhruvanigraha, vizodhi, adhyayana- SaTkavarga, nyAya, ArAdhanA aura mArga ekArthaka nAmoM kI paribhASA se prathama Avazyaka adhikAra kA varNana samApta karate haiN| Avazyaka kA nikSepa karane ke pazcAt zruta kA nikSepa pUrvaka vivecana karate hue AgamakAra zruta ke bhI nAmazruta, sthApanA zruta, dravyazruta, bhAvazruta bheda karake punazca unake upabheda karake laukika, lokottarika zruta Adi tathA anya zruta, sUtra, grantha, siddhAnta, zAsana, AjJA vacana, upadeza, prajJApanA, Agama Adi ekArthaka paryAya nAma dekara skandha nirUpaNa karate haiN| skandha ke bhI nAma, sthApanA, dravya bhAva se cAra prakAra karake skandha ke gaNa, kAya, nikAya, skandha, varga, rAzi, puMja, piMDa, nikara, saMghAta, Akula samUha- ina paryAyavAcI zabdoM kI vyAkhyA kara skandhAdhikAra kA varNana pUrNa karate haiN| Avazyaka, zruta, skandha-ina tIna adhikAroM ke pazcAt sAvadyayogavirata (sAmAyika), utkIrtana (caturvizatistava), guNavatpratipatti (vaMdanA),skhalitanindA (pratikramaNa), vraNa cikitsA (kAyotsarga) tathA guNadhAraNA (pratyAkhyAna)-Avazyaka ke ye chaha adhyayana spaSTa karake sAmAyika adhyayana ke upakrama, nikSepa, anugama aura naya ina cAra anuyogadvAroM kA vistAra se varNana prArambha karate haiN| sAmAyika samasta cAritraguNoM kA AdhAra tathA mAnasika, zArIrika duHkhoM ke nAza tathA mukti kA pradhAna hetu hai / anuyoga kA artha karate hue kahA hai ki artha kA kathana karane kI vidhi anuyoga hai| vastu kA yogya rIti se pratipAdana karanA upakrama hai / nikSepa sUtragata padoM kA nyAsa hai, anugama sUtra kA anukUla artha kahanA hai tathA ananta dharmAtmaka vastu ke eka aMza ko grahaNa karanA naya hai / upakrama ke nAma, sthApanA, dravya, kSetra, kAla, bhAva se bheda karake upakrama ke anya prakAra se AnupUrvI, nAma, pramANa, vaktavyatA, arthAdhikAra tathA samavatAra ye chaha bheda batAye haiN| sarvaprathama AnupUrvI kA artha anukrama yA paripATI batalAkara nAmAnupUrvI, sthApanAnupUrvI Adi dasa prakAra se AnupUrvI kA atyanta vistAra se varNana vizleSaNa kiyA gayA hai| isa vivecana meM aneka jaina mAnyatAoM kA digdarzana karAyA gayA hai / AnupUrvI ke pazcAt nAma upakrama sAmAyika adhyayana meM eka se dasa

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anuyogadvAra sUtra sAmAyika upakrama anuyogadvArasUtra : eka jhalaka meM adhyayana , jJAna guNa pra. AnupUrvI nAma dravya pramANa indriya pramANa vaktavyatA arthAdhikAra samavatAra pra.ni. vi.ni. pra. ni = pradeza niSpanna vi.ni. vibhAga niSpanna caturviMzatistava vandana pratikramaNa kAyotsarga jIvagaNa pra. 1111 pratyakSa darzana cAritra guNa pra. guNa pra. zrotrendriya nikSepa noindriya cakSu acakSu avadhi kevala oghaniSpanna nAmaniSpanna - sUtrAlApa kaniSpanna kSetra pramANa pra.ni. guNa pramANa vi.ni. ajIvaguNa pra. varNa gaMdha avadhi manaH paryava kevala naya pramANa rasa * sparza saMsthAna sAmAyika chedopasthApanIya - parihAravizuddhi * sUkSmasaMparAya yathAkhyAta cakSurindriya anumAna anugama sUtrAnugama - niryuktyanugama kAla pramANa pra.ni. naigama saMgraha vyavahAra * RjusUtra zabda samabhiruDha * evaMbhUta - pUrvavat zeSavat - dRSTasAdharmyavat vi.ni. saMkhyA pramANa upamAna naya nAma sthApanA dravya upamAna parimANa jJAna gaNanA bhAva - zabda naigama saMgraha vyavahAra pratyAkhyAna RjusUtra sAdharmyApanIta vaidhamryopanIta samabhirur3ha evaMbhUta bhAva pramANa ghrANedriya rasanendriya sparzanendriya Agama 387 laukika lokottara

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1388 jinavANI-- jainAgama-sAhitya vizeSAGaka | nAma kI prarUpaNA sthAnAMga kI taraha kI gaI hai| isake antargata anekAneka viSayoM kA vistAra upalabdha hotA hai jaise ki akSara vijJAna, jIva sthAna, lokasvarUpa, chaha ArA, svara vijJAna, aSTa vibhakti, nava rasa, jIva ke bhAva, pudgala ke lakSaNa, gIta kI bhASA, samAsa Adi kA paricaya tathA vistAra milatA hai| nAma adhyayana ke antargata bhAva-saMyoga niSpanna nAma meM dharmoM ko bhAva kahA hai| jJAna, darzana, cAritra prazasta bhAva nAma haiM tathA krodhAdi vikAra aprazasta bhAvanAma haiM / upakrama ke tRtIya pramANAdhikAra meM dravya, kSetra, kAla, bhAva ke rUpa meM pramANa kA atyanta vistRta vivecana milatA hai jo ki advitIya hai, anupama hai aura zrutajJAna kA bejor3a prastutIkaraNa hai| dravya, kSetra, kAla, pramANa ke pradeza niSpanna aura vibhAganiSpanna ye do do bheda karake unake upabhedoM ke mAdhyama se mApane lAyaka samasta vastuoM ko mApane kA tarIkA batAyA hai| pramANa zabda yahAM nyAyazAstra prasiddha artha kA vAcaka nahIM, kintu vyApaka artha meM prastuta kiyA gayA hai| vastuoM ke svarUpa ko mApanA pramANa hai| dravyata: kSetrata:, kAlata: tathA bhAvata: vastuoM kA pramANa yahAM kiyA gayA hai phira cAhe vaha dhAnya, rasa, mArga, suvarNa, ratna, paramANu, parAvartana, avagAhanA, kAla yA phira jIva ke jJAna ,darzana Adi tathA ajIva ke varNa, rasa Adi bhAva hI kyoM na hoN| pratyakSa jJAna ke antargata indriya pratyakSa kA aura noindriya pratyakSa ke antargata avadhi, mana:paryavajJAna tathA kevalajJAna kA svarUpa batAyA hai| anumAna, upamAna, Agama, darzanaguNa tathA cAritra guNa kA varNana jIvaguNa pramANa ke antargata kiyA gayA hai| ajIvaguNa pramANa meM varNa, gaMdha, rasa, sparza aura saMsthAna ke pramANatva kI carcA hai| nayapramANa kA tIna dRSTAntoM dvArA spaSTIkaraNa hai| prasthaka, vasati va pradeza ke dRSTAnta dvArA sapta naya kI sundara carcA hai| prasthakadRSTAnta meM kAla kI mukhyatA hai, vasati meM kSetra kA aura pradezadRSTAnta meM dravya va bhAva kA vicAra kiyA gayA hai| saMkhyApramANa ATha prakAra kA hai| saMkhyeya, asaMkhyeya, ananta--inake jaghanya, madhyama utkRSTa Adi kA vistAra saMkhyApramANa ke gaNanApramANa ke antargata milatA hai| pramANa upakrama meM sAmAyika adhyayana ke pazcAt vaktavyatA, arthAdhikAra aura samavatAra upakrama adhyayana ke varNana kiye haiN| vaktavyatA ke antargata svasamaya siddhAnta tathA para samaya siddhAMta kI vyAkhyA tathA arthAdhikAra meM una-una adhyayanoM kA artha hai| samavatAra kA tAtparya hai vastuoM kA apane meM, para meM aura donoM meM yojanA karane kA vicAra krnaa| nAma, sthApanA, dravya, kSetra, kAla, bhAva se vastu kA apane meM, para meM tathA donoM meM samavatIrNa hone kA vicAra SaT samavatAra hai|

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3891 anuyogadvAra sUtra anuyogadvAsUtra ne adhika bhAga upakrama kI carcA meM le rakhA hai| anuyogadvAra sUtra kA dUsarA dvAra nikSepa hai| isake oghaniSpannanikSepa, nAmaniSpannanikSepa aura sUtrAlApakanikSepa ye tIna bheda haiN| oghaniSpanna nikSepa ke adhyayana, akSINa, Aya aura kSapaNA ye cAra prakAra haiM aura nAma, sthApanA, dravya aura bhAva se una cAroM ke cAra-cAra bheda haiN| jJAna, darzana, cAritra kI Aya prazasta Aya hai va krodhAdi kaSAya kI prApti aprazasta Aya hai| nAmaniSpanna nikSepa meM sAmAyika kI nAma, sthApanA, dravya eva bhAva nikSepa se vyAkhyA hai| jisakI AtmA saMyama, niyama aura tapa se sannihita hai, usI ko sAmAyika hotI hai| yahAM zramaNa ke lie sarpa, giri, agni, sAgara, AkAza, taru, bhramara, mRga, pRthvI, kamala, sUrya, pavana- ye upamAeM prayukta kI gaI haiN| zramaNa vaha hai jo saMyama Adi meM lIna hai, samabhAva yukta hai, sabhI ko svasamAna dekhatA hai| sUtrAlApakanikSepa meM sUtra kA zuddha aura spaSTa uccAraNa karane kI AjJA hai|| ___ anugama, anuyogadvAra sUtra kA tRtIya dvAra hai| sUtrAnugama aura niyuktyanugama-anugama ke do bheda haiN| punazca niyuktyanugama ke tIna bheda karake dvitIya upodghAtaniryuktyanugama ke chabbIsa bhedoM kA ullekha hai| anuyogadvAra kA cauthA dvAra naya hai| jitane vacana utane naya kI ukti prasiddha hai, kintu sAta nayoM meM samasta nayoM kA samAveza ho jAtA hai / naigamanaya tInoM kAloM saMbaMdhI padArtha ko grahaNa karatA hai| saMgrahanaya sAmAnya rUpa se padArtha kA jJAna karAtA hai| vyavahAranaya sAmAnya kA abhAva siddha karane vAlA hai| RjusUtranaya vartamAnakAlika satya kA hI prarUpaNa karatA hai zabdanaya meM zabda mukhya aura artha gauNa hotA hai| samabhirUr3ha naya zabda bheda se artha bheda mAnane vAlA naya hai| evaMbhUtanaya paryAya meM rahe hue vastu ko mukhya karatA hai| naya vicAra se heya-upAdeya kA viveka va jIvana meM usake anukUla pravRtti-nivRtti kA viveka jAgRta hotA hai| jo ananta dharmAtmaka vastu ko naya kI kasauTI para kasakara grahaNa karatA hai vahI mumukSu hai, vahI saccA sAdhaka hai| isa prakAra anuyogadvAra sUtra kA varNana samApta hotA hai| isa prakAra anuyogadvAra sUtra jaina pAribhASika zabdoM evaM siddhAntoM kA koza sadRza hai| upakrama nikSepa zailI kI pradhAnatA evaM bheda-prabhedoM kI pracuratA hone se yaha Agama anya AgamoM se kliSTa hai, tathApi jaina darzana ke rahasya ko samajhane ke lie atIva upayogI hai / anuyogadvAra ke adhyayana se yaha spaSTa hotA hai ki satya ke vividha AyAma haiM tathA uparyukta bheda-prabheda, naya-nikSepa kI zailI se satya kA sAkSAtkAra sahaja rUpa se ho sakatA hai| AvazyakatA hai to dRr3ha saMkalpa kI, sulajhe hue dRSTikoNa kI aura satya ke khoja hetu pipAsA kii|

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jalavANI- jainAgama-sAhitya vizeSAGka saMdarbha 1. jaina Agama sAhitya- devendramuni zAstrI, pR.317 2. anuyogadvArasUtra-svakathya, kevala muni, pR. 6 3. dhammakahANuogo, muni kanhaiyAlAla jI 'kamala' 4. jainendra siddhAnta koza, bhAga 1, pR.104, 5 dravya saMgraha TIkA, 42 /18312 6. kasAyapAhuDa 3/3/22 7. tattvArtha sUtra, paM. sukhalAlajI, pR.8 8. catvAri hi pravacanAnuyogamahAnagarasya dvArANi upkrm:nikssep:anugm:nyshceti| syAdvAdamaMjarI, 28 9. tattvArthasUtra, umAsvAti 1/7,8 10. tattvArtha sUtra-umAsvAti 1/5 11. dhavalA 2/11/415/2 12. vizeSAvazyakabhASya-aNuyojaNaM....... aNurUvo'NukUlo vA. 13. anuyogadvArasUtra, prastAvanA, devendramuni zAstrI, pR. 24 14. dravya saMgraha 42/182, paMcAstikAya 173, tattvArthavRtti 254/15 15. abhidhAna rAjendra koza, bhAga1, pR. 356 16. dhammakahANuogo-prastAvanA pR. 5 17. malayagiri Avazyakaniyukti pR. 283 18. abhidhAna rAjendra koza 19. anuyogadvArasUtra- prastAvanA devendramuni zAstrI, pR. 28-29 20. vahI pR. 50 21. vahI pR. 50 22. vahI pR. 50 23. jaina Agama sAhitya, devendramuni zAstrI pR. 334 24. anuyogadvAra sUtra, sUtra 279 pR. 210 25. vahI sUtra 280-281, pR. 211 26. vahI pR. 229 27. vahI pR. 397 28. jaina Agama sAhitya, devendra muni zAstrI pR. 341 29. anuyogadvAra sUtra 599 (a) pR.454 30. vahI, sUtra 599 (i) pR. 455 31. vahI pR. 468 32. jaina Agama sAhitya, devendra muni zAstrI, pR. 343 -Guest Lecturer, Dept. of Jainology University of Madras Chennai-600005

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duzAzrutakkandhasUtra DaoN. azoka kumAra siMha chedasUtroM kA zramaNAcAra ke utsarga evaM apavAda niyamoM ke pratipAdana ke kAraNa jaina AgamoM meM vizeSa sthAna hai| sthAnakavAsI evaM terApaMtha sampradAyoM meM 4 chedasUtra mAnya haiM- 1. dazAzrutaskandhasUtra 2. bRhatkalpasUtra 3. vyavahArasUtra 4. nizItha suutr| zvetAmbara mUrtipUjaka sampradAya meM mahAnizItha aura jItakalpa ko milAkara 6 chedasUtra svIkAra kie gae haiN| dazAzrutaskandha kA dUsarA nAma AcAradazA bhI hai| isameM mukhyataH zramaNoM evaM gauNataH zramaNopAsakoM ke AdhArasaMbaMdhI vidhAna haiN| 20 asamAdhi sthAna , 21 zabala doSa, 33 AzAtanAe~, AcArya kI ATha sampadAe~, citta samAdhi ke 10 bola. zrAvaka kI 11 pratimAe~, bhikSu kI 12 pratimAe~, 30 mahAmohanIya karmabandha ke kAraNoM kI isameM carcA hai| DaoN. azoka kumAra siMha ke isa Alekha meM dazAzrutaskandha para upayogI sAmagrI upalabdha hai| -sampAdaka jaina paramparA (zvetAmbara jainoM ke vibhinna sampradAya) meM chedasUtroM kI saMkhyA ke viSaya meM matabheda hai| cha: chedasUtra granthoM meM se mahAnizItha aura jItakalpa ina donoM ko sthAnakavAsI aura terApanthI nahIM mAnate, ve kevala cAra ko svIkAra karate haiN| zvetAmbara mUrtipUjaka sampradAya cha: chedasUtroM ko mAnatA hai| . cheda saMjJA kaba se pracalita huI aura cheda meM prArambha meM kauna-kauna se Agama grantha sammilita the, yaha bhI nizcayapUrvaka nahIM kahA jA sktaa| parantu abhI taka jo sAhityika sAkSya upalabdha hue haiM unake anusAra Avazyakaniyukti meM sarvaprathama chedasUtra kA varga pRthak ho gayA thaa| cheda zabda kI vyutpatti ___ 'cheda' zabda chid (kATane yA bhedane artha meM) dhAtu se bhAva artha meM ghaJ pratyaya hokara niSpanna huA hai| cheda kA zAbdika artha hotA hai-kATanA, girAnA, tor3a DAlanA, khaNDa-khaNDa karanA, nirAkaraNa karanA, haTAnA, chinna-bhinna karanA, sApha karanA, nAza, virAma, avasAna, samApti, lopa honA, Tukar3A, grAsa, kaTautI, khaNDa anubhAga aadi| jaina paramparA meM cheda zabda sAmAnyata: jaina AcAryo dvArA prAyazcitta ke eka bheda ke rUpa meM hI grahaNa kiyA gayA hai| AcArya kundakunda ne cheda kA abhiprAya spaSTa karate hue kahA hai-- "sonA, baiThanA, calanA Adi kriyAoM meM jo sadA sAdhu kI prayatna ke binA pravRtti hotI hai- unheM asAvadhAnI se sampanna kiyA jAtA hai- vaha pravRtti hiMsA rUpa mAnI gaI hai| zuddhopayoga rUpa munidharma ke cheda (vinAza) kA kAraNa hone se use cheda(azuddha upayoga rUpa) kahA gayA hai|'' pUjyapAda ne "sarvArthasiddhi meM ise paribhASita karate hue kahA hai- "kAna, nAka Adi zarIra ke avayavoM ke kATane kA nAma cheda hai| yaha

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392 4 jinavANI- jainAgama-sAhitya vizeSAGka ahiMsANuvrata ke pAMca aticAroM ke antargata hai / dina, pakSa athavA mAsa Adi ke vibhAga se aparAdhI sAdhu ke dIkSAkAla ko kama karanA cheda kahA jAtA hai / yaha nau prakAra ke prAyazcittoM meM se eka hai|" 'tattvArthabhASya siddhasenavRtti meM cheda kA artha apavartana aura apahAra batAyA gayA hai| cheda, mahAvrata AropaNa ke dina se lekara dIkSA paryAya kA kiyA jAtA hai| jisa sAdhu ke mahAvrata ko svIkAra kiye dasa varSa hue haiM usake aparAdha ke anusAra kadAcit pA~ca dina kA aura kadAcit dasa dina kA, isa prakAra cha: mAsa pramANa taka dIkSAparyAya kA cheda kiyA jA sakatA hai| isa prakAra cheda se dIkSA kA kAla utanA kama ho jAtA hai| cheda sUtra kI uttamatA chedasUtroM ko uttamazruta mAnA gayA hai| nizIthabhASya' meM bhI isakI uttamatA kA ullekha haiM / cUrNikAra jinadAsa mahattara' yaha prazna upasthita karate haiM ki chedasUtra uttama kyoM hai? punaH svayaM usakA samAdhAna prastuta karate hue kahate haiM ki chedasUtra meM prAyazcitta vidhi kA nirUpaNa hai, usase cAritra kI vizuddhi hotI hai, etadartha yaha zruta uttama mAnA gayA hai| chedasUtra nAmakaraNa dazAzrutaskandha Adi Agama graMthoM kI chedasUtra saMjJA pradAna kiye jAne ke AdhAra ke viSaya meM bhI jaina vidvAnoM ne vicAra kiyA hai| zubriMga ke anusAra chedasUtra aura mUlasUtra jaina paramparA meM vidyamAna do prAyazcittoM-cheda aura mUla se liye gaye haiN| pro. eca. Ara. kApaDiyA ke anusAra cheda kA artha chedana hai aura chedasUtra kA abhiprAya usa zAstra se liyA jA sakatA hai jisameM una niyamoM kA nirUpaNa hai jo zramaNoM dvArA niyamoM kA atikramaNa karane para unakI variSThatA (dIkSAparyAya) kA chedana karate haiN| kApar3iyA ke mata meM isa viSaya meM dUsarA aura adhika tarkasaMgata AdhAra paMcakalpabhASya' kI isa gAthA ke Aloka meM prastuta kiyA jA sakatA hai-- pariNAma apariNAmA aipariNAmA ya tivihA purisA tu / NAtUNaM chedasuttaM pariNAmaNe hoMti dAyavyaM / / isa gAthA se yaha niSkarSa nikalatA hai ki zAstroM kA vaha samUha jisakI zikSA kevala pariNata ( grahaNa sAmarthya vAle) ziSyoM ko hI dI jA sakatI hai, apariNata aura atipariNata ko nahIM vaha chedasUtra kahA jAtA hai| chedasUtroM ke nAmakaraNa ke saMbaMdha meM AcArya devendramuni ne bhI tarka prastuta kiye haiM / unhoMne pahale prazna kiyA ki amuka AgamoM ko chedasUtra, yaha abhidhA kyoM dI gayI ? punaH uttara dete hue kahA ki isa prazna kA uttara prAcIna graMthoM meM sIdhA aura spaSTa prApta nahIM hai| hA~ yaha spaSTa hai ki jina sUtroM ko

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'chedasUtra' kahA gayA hai ve prAyazcitta sUtra haiN| AcArya devendramuni kA abhimata hai ki zramaNoM ke pA~ca cAritroM-- 1. sAmAyika, 2. chedopasthApanIya 3. parihAravizaddhi 4. sUkSmasamparAya aura 5. yathAkhyAta meM se antima tIna cAritra vartamAna meM vicchinna ho gaye haiN| sAmAyika cAritra svalpakAlIna hotA hai, chedopasthApanIya cAritra hI jIvanaparyanta rahatA hai| prAyazcitta kA saMbadhaM bhI isI cAritra se hai| saMbhavata: isI cAritra ko lakSya meM rakhakara prAyazcitta sUtroM ko chedasUtra kI saMjJA dI gaI ho| AcArya ne dUsarI saMbhAvanA prastuta karate hue kahA ki AvazyakavRtti (malayagiri) meM chedasUtroM ke lie pada vibhAga, samAcArI zabda kA prayoga huA hai| pada vibhAga aura cheda- ye donoM zabda samAna artha ko abhivyakta karate haiN| saMbhavata: isI dRSTi se chedasUtra nAma rakhA gayA ho kyoMki chedasUtroM meM eka sUtra kA dUsare sUtra se saMbaMdha nahIM hai, sabhI sUtra svataMtra haiN| unakI vyAkhyA bhI cheda dRSTi se yA vibhAga dRSTi se kI jAtI hai| unake mata meM tIsarI saMbhAvanA yaha ho sakatI hai ki dazAzrutaskandha, bRhatkalpa aura vyavahAra nauveM pratyAkhyAna pUrva se uddhRta kiye gaye haiM, usase chinna arthAt pRthak karane se unheM chedasUtra kI saMjJA dI gaI ho| chedasUtroM kI saMkhyA __ paMcakalpa ke vilupta hone ke pazcAt jItakalpa chaThe chedasUtra ke rUpa meM samAviSTa kara liyA gyaa| kApar3iyA' kA abhimata hai ki yadyapi ve paMcakalpa ke svataMtra grantha ke rUpa meM parigaNita kiye jAne kI athavA isake vilupta hone kI vAstavika tithi batAne kI sthiti meM nahIM hai, paraMtu jaina granthAvalI se jJAta hotA hai ki saMvat 1612 taka isakI pANDulipi upalabdha thii| pro. viNTaranija ke anusAra cha: chedasUtroM ke nAma isa prakAra haikalpa, vyavahAra, nizItha, piNDaniyukti, oghaniyukti aura mhaanishiith| kAlikasUtra ke rUpa meM ullikhita dazA, kalpa, vyavahAra, nizItha aura mahAnizItha ina pA~ca chedasUtroM kI sUci yaha iMgita karatI hai ki AraMbha meM chedasUtroM kI saMkhyA pA~ca hI thii| chedasUtroM kI sAmAnya viSayavastu _chedasUtroM kA sAmAnya varNya viSaya hai- sAdhaka ke sAdhanAmaya jIvana meM utpanna hone vAle doSoM ko jAnakara unase dUra rahanA aura doSa utpanna hone para usakA parimArjana krnaa| isa dRSTi se chedasUtroM ke viSaya ko cAra vibhAgoM meM vargIkRta kiyA gayA hai- 1.utsarga mArga 2. apavAda mArga 3. doSa sevana 4. prAyazcitta vidhaan| prathama, sAdhu samAcArI ke aise niyama jinheM binA kisI hInAdhika ke

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1394 jinavANI- jainAgama-sAhitya vizeSAGka yA parivartana ke, prAmANikatA se pAlana karanA zramaNa ke lie anivArya hai unheM utsarga mArga kahA jAtA hai| nirdoSa cAritra kI ArAdhanA isa mArga kI vizeSatA hai| dvitIya, apavAda mArga se yahAM abhiprAya hai vizeSa vidhi| yaha do prakAra kI hotI hai- nirdoSa vizeSa vidhi aura sadoSa vizeSa vidhi| ApavAdika vidhi sakAraNa hotI hai| jisa kriyA yA pravRtti se AjJA kA atikramaNa na hotA ho, vaha nirdoSa hai| parantu prabalatA ke kAraNa mana na hote hue bhI vivaza hokara doSa kA sevana karanA par3e yA kiyA jAye, vaha sadoSa apavAda hai| prAyazcitta se usakI zuddhi ho jAtI hai| tRtIya, doSa sevana kA artha hai-utsarga aura apavAda mArga kA ullNghn| caturtha prAyazcitta kA artha hai-doSa sevana ke zuddhikaraNa ke lie kI jAne vAlI vidhi| . dazAzrutaskandhA paricaya kAlika grantha nandIsUtra meM pahale jaina Agama sAhitya ko aMgapraviSTa aura aMgabAhya meM vargIkRta kiyA gayA hai| puna: aMgabAhya Agama ko Avazyaka, Avazyakavyatirikta, kAlika aura utkAlika rUpa meM vargIkRta kiyA gayA hai| 31 kAlika graMthoM meM uttarAdhyayana ke pazcAt dazAzrutaskandha, kalpa, vyavahAra, nizItha aura mahAnIzItha ina chedasUtroM kA ullekha hai| kAlika graMthoM kA svAdhyAya vikAla ko chor3akara kiyA jAtA thaa| racanA prakRti jaina AgamoM kI racanAyeM do prakAra se huI haiM -1. kRta 2. ni!hit| jina AgamoM kA nirmANa svatantra rUpa se huA hai ve Agama kRta kahalAte haiN| jaise gaNadharoM dvArA racita dvAdazAMgI aura bhinna-bhinna sthaviroM dvArA nirmita upAMga sAhitya kRta Agama haiN| nirvRhita Agama ve haiM jinake artha ke prarUpaka tIrthakara haiM, sUtra ke racayitA gaNadhara haiM aura saMkSepa meM upalabdha vartamAna rUpa ke racayitA bhI jJAta haiM jaise dazavaikAlika ke zayyaMbhava tathA kalpa, vyavahAra aura dazAzrutaskandha ke racayitA bhadrabAhu haiN| dazAzrutaskandha niyukti se bhI yaha tathya spaSTa hotA hai| paMcakalpacUrNi' se bhI isa tathya kI puSTi hotI haiteNa bhagavatA AyArakappa-dasAkappa-vavahArA ya navamapuvvanIsaMdabhUtA nijjuuddhaa| racanAkAla __ sAmAnya rUpa se AgamoM ke racanAkAla kI avadhi I.pU. pA~cavIM se IsA kI pA~cavIM zatAbdI ke madhya arthAt lagabhaga eka hajAra varSa mAnI jAtI hai| isa avadhi meM hI chedasUtra bhI likhe gaye haiN| paramparAgata rUpa se cha: chedasUtroM

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| dazAzvataskandhasUtra 3951 meM dazAzruta, bRhatkalpa aura vyavahArasUtra kI racanA bhadrabAhu prathama dvArA mAnI jAtI hai| bhadrabAhu kA kAla I. pU. 357 ke Asa-pAsa nizcita hai| ata: inake dvArA racita dazAzruta Adi kA samaya bhI vahI honA caahie| prasiddha jarmana vidvAn DaoN. jaikobI aura zubiMga ke anusAra prAcIna chedasUtroM kA samaya I. pUrva cauthI zatI kA anta aura tIsarI kA prArambha mAnA jA sakatA hai| zubriga" ke zabdoM meM.."....the old Cheyasuttas....., Significant are oldgrammatical forms..., A metrical investigation made by Jacobi, as was said before, resulted in surmising the origin of the most ancient texts of about the end of the 4th and the beginning of the third century B.C." viccheda titthogAlI prakIrNaka meM vibhinna AgamagranthoM kA viccheda kAla ullikhita hai| isake anusAra vIra nirvANa saMvat 1500 I. (san 973) meM dazAzruta kA viccheda huA hai| viccheda kA tAtparya sampUrNa grantha kA lopa mAnanA ucita nahIM hogaa| isa saMbaMdha meM pro. sAgaramala jaina kA kathana atyanta prAsaMgika hai, "viccheda kA artha yaha nahIM hai ki usa grantha kA sampUrNa lopa ho gayA hai| merI dRSTi se viccheda kA tAtparya usake kucha aMzoM kA viccheda hI mAnanA hogaa| yadi hama niSpakSa dRSTi se vicAra kareM to jJAta hotA hai ki zvetAmbara paramparA meM bhI jo aMga sAhitya Aja avaziSTa haiM ve usa rUpa meM to nahIM haiM jisa rUpa meM unakI viSaya vastu kA ullekha sthAnAMga, samavAyAMga, nandIsUtra Adi meM huA hai|'' titthogAlI ke atirikta anyatra kahIM dazAzrutaskaMdha sUtra ke viccheda kA ullekha na honA isa tathya kA pramANa hai ki isa chedasUtra kA viccheda nahIM huA hai| srota ___dazAzrutaskandha cUrNi' ke anusAra dazAzruta, vyavahAra aura bRhatkalpasUtra--ye navama pratyAkhyAnapUrva se uddhRta kiye gaye haiN| isa prakAra isakA srota navama pUrva hai| viSaya vastu sthAnAMgasUtra meM ullikhita dazAzrutaskandha kI dasoM dazAoM ke zIrSaka vartamAna dazAzrutaskandha se sAmya rakhate haiN| ye dazAyeM isa prakAra haiM-1. asamAdhi-sthAna, 2.zabaladoSa 3 AzAtanA 4.gaNisampadA 5.cittasamAdhi 6 upAsakapratimA 7.bhikSupratimA 8.paryuSaNAkalpa 9.mohanIya sthAna aura 10. Ayati sthaan| prathama dazA meM 20 asamAdhisthAna haiN| dUsarI dazA meM 21 zabaladoSa haiN| tIsarI dazA meM 33 AzAtanAyeM haiN| cauthI dazA meM AcArya kI ATha

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1396 R RANTRA jinavANI- jainAgama-sAhitya vizeSAGakA sampadA aura cAra karttavya kahe gae haiM tathA cAra karttavya ziSya ke kahe gae haiN| pA~cavI dazA meM citta kI samAdhi hone ke 10 bola kahe haiN| chaThI dazA meM zrAvaka kI 11 pratimAe~ haiN| sAtavIM dazA meM bhikSu kI 12 pratimAe~ haiN| AThavIM dazA kA sahI svarUpa vyavacchinna ho gayA yA vikRta ho gayA hai| isameM sAdhuoM kI samAcArI kA varNana thaa| isa dazA kA uddhRta rUpa vartamAna kalpasUtra mAnA jAtA hai| nauvIM dazA meM 30 mahAmohanIya karmabaMdha ke kAraNa haiN| dasavIM dazA meM 9 nidAnoM kA niSedha evaM varNana hai tathA unase hone vAle ahita kA kathana hai| dazAkrama se isa chedasUtra. kI saMkSipta viSaya-vastu nimna prakAra haiprathama dazA sAdhvAcAra (saMyama) ke sAmAnya doSoM yA aticAroM ko asamAdhisthAna kahA gayA hai| inake sevana se saMyama niraticAra nahIM rahatA hai| bIsa asamAdhisthAna nimna haiM1. zIghratA se calanA 2. andhakAra meM calate samaya pramArjana na karanA 3. samyak rUpa se pramArjana na karanA 4. anAvazyaka pATa Adi grahaNa karanA yA rakhanA 5. gurujanoM ke sammukha bolanA 6. vRddhoM ko asamAdhi pahu~cAnA 7. pA~ca sthAvara kAyoM kI sadA yatanA nahIM karanA arthAt unakI virAdhanA karanA, karavAnA 8. krodha se jalanA arthAt mana meM krodha rakhanA 9. krodha karanA arthAt vacana yA vyavahAra dvArA krodha ko prakaTa karanA 10.pITha pIche nindA karanA 11.kaSAya yA aviveka se nizcayakArI bhASA bolanA 12.nayA kalaha karanA 13.upazAnta kalaha ko puna: ubhAranA 14.akAla (cauMtIsa prakAra ke asvAdhyAyoM) meM sUtroccAraNa karanA 15.sacitta raja yA acitta raja se yukta hAtha-pA~va kA pramArjana na karanA arthAt pramArjana kie binA baiTha jAnA yA anya kArya meM laga jAnA 16.anAvazyaka bolanA, vAkyuddha karanA evaM ucca svara se Aveza yukta bolanA 17.saMgha yA saMgaThana meM athavA prema saMbaMdha meM bheda utpanna ho aisA bhASaNa karanA 18 kalaha karanA, tucchatApUrNa vyavahAra karanA 20 aneSaNIya AhAra-pAnI Adi grahaNa karanA arthAt eSaNA ke choTe doSoM kI upekSA krnaa|

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dazAzrutaskandhasUtra 3971 dvitIya dazA zabala, prabala, Thosa, bhArI, vizeSa balavAna Adi lagabhaga ekArthaka zabda haiN| saMyama ke zabala doSoM kA artha hai- sAmAnya doSoM kI apekSA bar3e doSa yA vizeSa doss| ye doSa saMyama ke anAcAra rUpa hote haiN| inakA prAyazcitta bhI gurutara hotA hai tathA ye saMyama meM vizeSa asamAdhi utpanna karane vAle haiN| zabala doSa saMyama meM bar3e aparAdha haiM aura asamAdhi saMyama meM choTe aparAdha haiN| dUsarI dazA meM pratipAdita ikkIsa zabala doSa nimnaprakAra haiM 1. hastakarma 2. maithuna sevana 3. rAtri bhojana 4. sAdhu ke nimitta se bane AdhAkarmI AhAra-pAnI Adi kA grahaNa 5. rAjaprAsAda meM gocarI 6. sAmAnya sAdhu-sAdhviyoM ke nimitta bane uddezaka AhAra Adi lenA yA sAdhu ke lie krayAdi kriyA uddezaka AhAra Adi lenA yA sAdhu ke lie krayAdi kriyA ho aise AhArAdi padArtha lenA 7. bAra-bAra tapa-tyAga Adi kA bhaMga karanA 8. bAra-bAra gaNa kA tyAga aura svIkAra 9 evaM 19 ghuTane (jAnu) paryanta jala meM eka mAsa meM tIna bAra yA varSa meM 10 bAra calanA arthAt ATha mahIne ke ATha aura eka adhika kula 9 bAra utarane para zabala doSa nahIM hai| 10evaM 20. eka mAsa meM tIna bAra aura varSa meM 10 bAra (upAzraya ke lie) mAyA kapaTa krnaa| 11. zayyAtara piNDa grahaNa karanA 12-14. jAnakara saMkalpapUrvaka hiMsA karanA, jhUTha bolanA, adattagrahaNa karanA 15-17. trasa sthAvara jIva yukta athavA sacitta sthAna para yA usake atyadhika nikaTa baiThanA, sonA, khar3e rhnaa| 18. jAnakara sacitta harI vanaspati(1 . mUla 2. kanda 3. skandha 4. chAla 5. koMpala 6. patra 7. puSpa 8. phala 9. bIja aura 10. harI vanaspati khAnA 21..jAnakara sacitta jala ke lepa yukta hAtha yA bartana se gocarI lenaa| yadyapi aticAra-anAcAra anya aneka ho sakate haiM, phira bhI yahAM apekSA se 20 asamAdhi sthAna aura 21 zabala doSa kahe gae haiN| anya doSoM ko yathAyogya viveka se inhIM meM antarbhAvita kara lenA caahie| tRtIya dazA ___ AzAtanA kI paribhASA isa prakAra hai- deva guru kI vinaya bhakti na karanA, avinaya-abhakti karanA, unakI AjJA bhaMga karanA yA nindA karanA, dharma siddhAntoM kI avahelanA karanA yA viparIta prarUpaNA karanA aura kisI bhI prANI ke prati apriya vyavahAra karanA, usakI nindA, tiraskAra karanA 'AzAtanA' hai| prastuta dazA meM kevala guru-ratnAdhika (zreSTha) kI AzAtanA ke viSayoM kA hI kathana kiyA gayA hai| zreSTha janoM ke sAtha calane, baiThane, khar3e rahane, AhAra, vihAra, nihAra saMbaMdhI samAcArI ke karttavyoM meM, bolane, ziSTAcAra, bhAva aura AjJApAlana meM

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4EARN | 398 jinavANI- jainAgama-sAhitya vizeSAr3aka aviveka-abhakti se pravartana karanA 'AzAtanA' hai| caturthadazA sAdhu-sAdhviyoM ke samudAya kI samucita vyavasthA ke lie AcArya kA honA nitAnta Avazyaka hai| prastuta dazA meM AcArya ke ATha mukhya guNa varNita haiM, jaise1. AcArasampanna- sampUrNa saMyama-saMbaMdhI jinAjJA kA pAlana karane vAlA, krodha, mAnAdi kaSAyoM se rahita, zAntasvabhAva vaalaa| 2. zrutasampadA- Agamokta krama se zAstroM ko kaNThastha karane vAlA evaM unake artha paramArtha ko dhAraNa karane vaalaa| 3. zarIra sampadA- samucita saMhanana saMsthAna vAlA evaM sazakta aura svastha zarIra vaalaa| 4. vacanasampadA- Adeya, madhura aura rAga-dveSa rahita evaM bhASA saMbaMdhI doSoM se rahita vacana bolane vaalaa| 5. vAcanA sampadA- sUtroM ke pAThoM kA uccAraNa karane-karAne, artha paramArtha ko samajhAne tathA ziSya kI kSamatA-yogyatA kA nirNaya karake zAstra jJAna dene meM nipunn| yogya ziSyoM ko rAga-dveSa yA kaSAya rahita hokara adhyayana karAne vaalaa| 6. matisampadA- smaraNazakti evaM cAroM prakAra kI buddhi se yukta buddhimaan| 7. prayogamatisampadA- vAda-vivAda (zAstrArtha), praznoM(jijJAsAoM) ke samAdhAna karane meM pariSad kA vicAra kara yogya vizleSaNa karane evaM sevA vyavasthA meM samaya para ucita buddhi kI sphuraNA, samaya para sahI (lAbhadAyaka) nirNaya evaM pravartana kI kssmtaa| 8. saGgrahaparijJAsampadA- sAdhu, sAdhviyoM kI vyavasthA evaM sevA ke dvArA tathA zrAvaka-zrAvikAoM kI vicaraNa tathA dharma prabhAvanA ke dvArA bhakti, niSThA, jJAna aura viveka kI vRddhi karane vAlA jisase ki saMyama ke anukUla vicaraNa kSetra, Avazyaka upadhi, AhAra kI pracura upalabdhi hotI rahe evaM sabhI nirAbAdha saMyama-ArAdhanA karate rheN| ziSyoM ke prati AcArya ke kartavya 1. saMyama saMbaMdhI aura tyAga-tapa saMbaMdhI samAcArI kA jJAna karAnA evaM usake pAlana meM abhyasta krnaa| samUha meM yA akele rahane evaM Atma-samAdhi kI vidhiyoM kA jJAna evaM abhyAsa kraanaa| 2. AgamoM kA krama se adhyayana karavAnA, arthajJAna karavAkara usase kisa taraha hitAhita hotA hai, yaha samajhAnA evaM usase pUrNa AtmakalyANa sAdhane kA bodha dete hue paripUrNa vAcanA denaa| 3 ziSyoM kI zraddhA ko pUrNa rUpa meM dRr3ha banAnA aura jJAna evaM anya guNoM meM

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dazAzrutaskandhasUtra apane samAna banAne kA prayatna karanA / 4. ziSyoM meM utpanna doSa, kaSAya, kalaha, AkAMkSAoM kA ucita upAyoM dvArA zamana karanA / aisA karate hue bhI apane saMyamaguNoM evaM AtmasamAdhi kI pUrNarUpeNa surakSA evaM vRddhi karanA / gaNa evaM AcArya ke prati ziSyoM kA karttavya 1. Avazyaka upakaraNoM kI prApti, surakSA evaM vibhAjana meM kuzala honA / 2. AcArya va gurujanoM ke anukUla sadA pravartana karanA / 3. gaNa ke yaza kI vRddhi, apayaza kA nivAraNa evaM ratnAdhika ko yathocita AdarabhAva denA aura sevA karane meM siddhahasta honA / 399 4. ziSya vRddhi, unake saMrakSaNa, zikSaNa meM sahayogI honA / rogI sAdhuoM kI yathocita sevA suzrUSA karanA evaM madhyastha bhAva se sAdhuoM meM saumanasya banAe rakhane meM nipuNa honA / paMcamadazA sAMsArika AtmA ko dhana-vaibhava Adi bhautika sAmagrI prApta hone para jisa prakAra Ananda kA anubhava hotA hai, usI prakAra AtmaguNoM kI nimnalikhita anupama upalabdhiyoM se AtmArthI mumukSuoM ko anupama AnandarUpa cittasamAdhi kI prApti hotI hai 1. anupama dharmabhAvoM kI prApti yA vRddhi 2. jAtismaraNajJAna 3. atyanta zubha svapna darzana 4. deva darzana 5. avadhijJAna 6. avadhi darzana 7. manaH paryavajJAna 8. kevaladarzana 9. kevalajJAna utpatti aura 10. karmoM se mukti / SaSTha dazA zrAvaka kA prathama manoratha Arambha parigraha kI nivRttimaya sAdhanA hai| nivRtti sAdhanA ke samaya vaha viziSTa sAdhanA ke lie zrAvaka pratimAoM arthAt viziSTa pratijJAoM ko dhAraNa karatA hai / anivRtti sAdhanA ke samaya bhI zrAvaka samakita kI pratijJA sahita sAmAyika, pauSadha Adi bAraha vratoM kA ArAdhana karatA hai, kintu usa samaya vaha aneka paristhitiyoM evaM jimmedAriyoM ke kAraNa aneka zrAvakoM ke sAtha una vratoM ko dhAraNa karatA hai / nivRtti kI avasthA meM AgAroM se rahita upAsaka pratimAoM kA pAlana dRr3hatA ke sAtha kara sakatA hai| pratimAe~ 1. AgArarahita niraticAra samyaktva kI pratimA kA pAlana / isameM pUrva meM dhAraNa kie aneka niyama evaM bAraha vratoM kA pAlana kiyA jAtA hai, una niyamoM kA tyAga nahIM kiyA jaataa| 2. aneka choTe-bar3e niyama- pratyAkhyAna aticArarahita pAlana karane kI pratijJA aura yathAvat pAlana karanA / 3. prAtaH, madhyAhna, sAMya niyata samaya para hI niraticAra zuddha sAmAyika karanA

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1400 jinavANI- jainAgama-sAhitya vizeSAGka evaM 14 niyama bhI niyamita pUrNa zuddha rUpa se AgAra rahita dhAraNa karake yathAvat pAlana krnaa| 4. upavAsa yukta cha: pauSadha (do aSTamI, do caturdazI, amAvasyA evaM pUrNimA ke dina) AgAra rahita niraticAra pAlana krnaa| 5. pauSadha ke dina pUrNa rAtri yA niyata samaya taka kAyotsarga krnaa| 6. pratipUrNa brahmacarya kA AgAra rahita pAlana krnaa| sAtha hI ye niyama rakhanA- 1. snAna tyAga 2. rAtribhojana tyAga aura 3. dhotI kI eka lAMga khulI rkhnaa| 7. AgAra rahita sacitta vastu khAne kA tyaag| 8. AgAra rahita svayaM hiMsA karane kA tyaag| 9. dUsaroM se sAvadha kArya karAne kA tyAga arthAt dharmakArya kI preraNA ke atirikta kisI kArya kI preraNA yA Adeza nahIM krnaa| 10.sAvadha kArya ke anumodana kA bhI tyAga arthAt apane lie banAe gae AhArAdi kisI bhI padArtha ko na lenaa| 11. zramaNa ke samAna veza va caryA dhAraNa krnaa| loca karanA, vihAra karanA, sAmudAyika gocarI karanA yA AjIvana saMyamacaryA dhAraNa karanA ityAdi kA isameM pratibaMdha nahIM hai| ata: vaha bhikSA Adi ke samaya svayaM ko pratimAdhArI zrAvaka hI kahatA hai aura jJAtajanoM ke gharoM meM gocarI hetu jAtA hai| Age-Age kI pratimAoM meM pahale-pahale kI pratimAoM kA pAlana karanA Avazyaka hotA hai| saptamadazA bhikSu kA dUsarA manoratha hai "maiM ekalavihArapratimA dhAraNa kara vicaraNa karU~" bhikSupratimA bhI ATha mAsa kI ekalavihArapratimA yukta hotI hai| viziSTa sAdhanA ke lie evaM karmoM kI atyadhika nirjarA ke lie Avazyaka yogyatA se sampanna gItArtha (bahuzruta) bhikSu ina bAraha pratimAoM ko dhAraNa karatA hai| pratimAdhArI ke viziSTa niyama 1. dAtA kA eka paira dehalI ke andara aura eka paira bAhara ho| strI garbhavatI Adi na ho, eka vyakti kA hI bhojana ho, usameM se hI viveka ke sAtha lenaa| 2. dina ke tIna bhAga kalpita kara kisI eka bhAga meM gocarI lAnA aura AhAra grahaNa krnaa| 3. cha: prakAra kI bhramaNa vidhi ke abhigraha se gocarI lene jaanaa| 4. ajJAta kSetra meM do dina aura jJAta-paricita kSetroM meM eka dina se adhika nahIM tthhrnaa| 5. cAra kAraNoM ke atirikta mauna hI rahanA, dharmopadeza bhI nahIM denaa|

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dazAzrutaskandhasUtra 401 6-7. tIna prakAra kI zayyA aura tIna prakAra ke saMstAraka kA hI upayoga karanA / 8- 9. sAdhu ke Thaharane ke bAda usa sthAna para koI strI-puruSa AyeM, ThahareM yA agni laga jAye to bhI bAhara nahIM nikalanA / 10-11 paira se kAMTA yA AMkha se raja Adi nahIM nikaalnaa| 12. sUryAsta ke bAda eka kadama bhI nahIM calanA / rAtri meM mala-mUtra kI bAdhA hone para jAne kA vidhAna hai| 13. hAtha-paira meM sacitta raja laga jAe to pramArjana nahIM karanA aura svataH acitta na ho jAe taba taka gocarI Adi bhI nahIM jAnA / 14. acitta jala se bhI sukha zAMti ke lie hAtha paira prakSAlana-niSedha / 15. unmatta pazu bhI calate samaya sAmane A jAe to mArga nahIM chor3anA / 16. dhUpa se chAyA meM aura chAyA se dhUpa meM nahIM jAnA / prathama sAta pratimAe~ eka - eka mahIneM kI haiN| uname datti kI saMkhyA 1 se 7 taka bar3hatI hai| AThavIM, navIM, dasavIM pratimAe~ sAta-sAta dina kI ekAntara tapa yukta kI jAtI haiN| sUtrokta tIna-tIna Asana meM se rAtri bhara koI bhI eka Asana kiyA jAtA hai I gyArahavIM pratimA meM chaTTha ke tapa ke sAtha eka ahorAtra kA kAyotsarga kiyA jAtA hai / bArahavIM bhikSupratimA meM aTThama tapa ke sAtha zmazAna Adi meM eka rAtri kA kAyotsarga kiyA jAtA hai| aSTama dazA isa dazA kA nAma paryuSaNAkalpa hai| isameM bhikSuoM ke cAturmAsa evaM paryuSaNA saMbaMdhI samAcArI ke viSayoM kA kathana hai| vartamAna kalpasUtra AThavIM dazA se uddhRta mAnA jAtA hai I navamadazA ATha karmoM meM mohanIya karma prabala hai, mahAmohanIya karma usase bhI tIvra hotA hai / usake baMdha saMbaMdhI 30 kAraNa yahAM varNita haiM sajIvoM ko jala meM DubAkara, zvAsa saMdhakara, dhuA~ kara mAranA / zastra prahAra se sira phor3akara, sira para gIlA kapar3A bAMdhakara mAranA / dhokhA dekara bhAlA Adi mArakara ha~sanA / mAyAcAra kara use chipAnA, zAstrArtha chipAnA / mithyA AkSepa lagAnA / bharI sabhA meM mizra bhASA kA prayoga kara kalaha karanA / 10-12.brahmacArI yA bAlabrahmacArI na hote hue bhI svayaM ko vaisA prasiddha karanA / 1-3. 4-5. 6. 7. 8. 9.

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402 13-14. upakArI para apaMkAra karanA / 15. rakSaka hokara bhakSaka kA kArya karanA / jinavANI jainAgama-sAhitya vizeSAGaka 16-17. aneka ke rakSaka, netA yA svAmI Adi ko mAranA / 18. dIkSArthI yA dIkSita ko saMyama se cyuta karanA / 19. tIrthakaroM kI nindA karanA / 20. mokSamArga kI dveSapUrvaka nindA kara bhavya jIvoM kA mArga bhraSTa karanA / 21-22. upakArI AcArya, upAdhyAya kI avahelanA karanA, unakA Adara, sevA evaM bhakti na karanA / 23-24. bahuzruta yA tapasvI na hote hue bhI svayaM ko bahuzruta yA tapasvI kahanA / 25. kaluSita bhAvoM ke kAraNa samartha hote hue bhI sevA nahIM karanA / 26. saMgha meM bheda utpanna karanA / 27. jAdU-TonA Adi karanA / 28. kAmabhogoM meM atyadhika Asakti evaM abhilASA rakhanA / 29. devoM kI zakti kA apalApa karanA, unakI nindA karanA / 30. devI-devatA ke nAma se jhUThA 'DhoMga karanA / adhyavasAoM kI tIvratA yA krUratA ke hone se ina pravRttiyoM dvArA mahAmohanIya karma kA baMdha hotA hai| dazamadazA saMyama - tapa kI sAdhanA rUpa sampatti ko bhautika lAlasAoM kI utkaTatA ke kAraNa AgAmI bhava meM aicchika sukha yA avasthA prApta karane ke lie dAMva para lagA denA 'nidAna' kahA jAtA hai / aisA karane se yadi saMyama - tapa kI pUMjI adhika ho to nidAna karanA phalIbhUta ho jAtA hai kintu usakA pariNAma hAnikara hotA hai| dUsare zabdoM meM rAgadveSAtmaka nidAnoM ke kAraNa nidAna phala ke sAtha mithyAtva, narakAdi durgati kI prApti hotI hai aura dharmabhAva ke nidAnoM se mokSaprApti meM bAdhA hotI hai / ataH nidAna karma tyAjya hai / vastutaH dazama adhyayana kA nAma Ayati sthAna hai| isameM vibhinna nidAnoM kA varNana hai / nidAna kA artha hai- moha ke prabhAva se kAmAdi icchAoM kI utpatti ke kAraNa hone vAlA icchApUrtimUlaka saMkalpa | yaha saMkalpa vizeSa hI nidAna hai| Ayati kA artha janma yA jAti hai| nidAna, janma kA kAraNa hone se Ayati sthAna mAnA gayA hai| Ayati arthAt Aya+ti, Aya kA artha lAbha hai / ata: jisa nidAna se janma-maraNa kA lAbha hotA hai usakA nAma Ayati hai| dazAzruta meM varNita nidAna isa prakAra haiM 1. nirgrantha dvArA puruSa bhogoM kA nidAna /

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| dazAzrutaskandhasUtra 403 2. nirgranthI dvArA strI bhogoM kA nidaan| 3. nirgrantha dvArA strI bhogoM kA nidAna / 4. ninthI dvArA puruSa bhogoM kA nidaan| 5-7. saMkalpAnusAra daivika sukha kA nidaan|| 8. zrAvaka avasthA prApti kA nidaan| 9. zramaNa jIvana prApti kA nidaan| ina nidAnoM kA duSphala jAnakara nidAna rahita saMyama-tapa kI ArAdhanA karanI caahie| viSaya vastu kA mahattva dazAzrutaskandha kI viSayavastu para vicAra karate hue AcArya devendra muni ne kahA hai ki asamAdhi sthAna, cittasamAdhi sthAna, mohanIya sthAna aura AyatisthAna meM jina tattvoM kA saMkalana kiyA gayA hai, ve vastuta: yogavidyA se saMbaddha haiN| yoga kI dRSTi se citta ko ekAgra tathA samAhita karane ke lie ye adhyayana atyanta mahattvapUrNa haiN| upAsaka pratimA aura bhikSu pratimA, zrAvaka va zramaNa kI kaThoratama sAdhanA ke uccatama niyamoM kA parijJAna karAte haiN| zabaladoSa aura AzAtanA ina do dazAoM meM sAdhu jIvana ke dainika niyamoM kA vivecana kiyA gayA hai aura kahA gayA hai ki ina niyamoM kA paripAlana honA hI caahie| caturtha dazA gaNi sampadA meM AcArya pada para virAjita vyakti ke vyaktitva ke prabhAva tathA zArIrika prabhAva kA atyanta upayogI varNana kiyA gayA hai| __AcArya ne dazAzrutaskandha ke pratipAdya para jJeyAcAra, upAdeyAcAra aura heyAcAra kI dRSTi se bhI vicAra kiyA hai- asamAdhisthAna, zabala doSa, AzAtanA, mohanIya sthAna aura AyatisthAna meM sAdhaka ke heyAcAra kA pratipAdana hai| gaNi sampadA meM agItArtha anagAra ke jJeyAcAra kA aura gItArtha anagAra ke lie upAdeyAcAra kA kathana hai| cittasamAdhi sthAna meM upAdeyAcAra kA kathana hai| upAsaka pratimA meM anagAra ke lie jJeyAcAra aura sAgAra zramaNopAsaka ke lie upAdeyAcAra kA kathana hai| bhikSu pratimA meM anagAra ke lie upAdeyAcAra aura sAgAra ke lie jJeyAcAra kA kathana hai| aSTama dazA paryuSaNAkalpa meM anagAra ke lie jJeyAcAra, kucha heyAcAra anAgAra aura sAgAra donoM ke lie upayogI hai| dazAoM kA paurvAparya evaM paraspara sAmaMjasya dazAzrutaskandha meM pratipAdita adhyayanoM ke paurvAparya kA aucitya siddha karane se pUrva isa tathya para vicAra karanA Avazyaka hai ki AcArya ne samAdhisthAna kA varNana na kara sarvaprathama asamAdhi sthAnoM kA hI varNana kyoM kiyA? isake uttara meM AcArya AtmArAmajI ke zabdoM meM kahA jA sakatA

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1404 jinavANI- jainAgama-sAhitya vizeSAGako hai ki asamAdhi yahA~ naJ tatpuruSa samAsAnta pada hai| yadi naJ samAsa na kiyA jAye to yahI bIsa samAdhi sthAna bana jAte haiM arthAt akAra ko haTA dene se yahI bIsa bhAva samAdhi ke sthAna hai| isa prakAra isI adhyayana se jijJAsu samAdhi aura asamAdhi donoM ke svarUpa ko bhalIbhAMti jAna sakate haiN| adhyayanoM ke paurvAparya aura paraspara sAmaMjasya kI dRSTi se vicAra karane para jJAta hotA hai ki asamAdhisthAnoM ke Asevana se zabaladoSa kI prApti hotI hai| ata: pahalI dazA se saMbaMdha rakhate hue sUtrakAra dUsarI dazA meM zabaladoSa kA varNana karate haiN| jisa prakAra duSkarmoM se cAritra zabaladoSa yukta hotA hai, ThIka usI taraha ratnatraya ke ArAdhaka AcArya yA guru kI AzAtanA karane se bhI cAritra zabala doSayukta hotA hai| ata: pahalI aura dUsarI dazA se saMbaMdha rakhate hue tIsarI dazA meM taiMtIsa AzAtanAoM kA varNana hai| AzAtanAoM kA parihAra karane se samAdhi mArga niSkaNTaka ho jAtA hai| prArambhika tInoM dazAoM meM asamAdhi sthAnoM, zabaladoSoM aura AzAtanAoM kA pratipAdana kiyA gayA hai| unakA parityAga karane se zramaNa gaNi pada ke yogya ho jAtA hai| ata: ukta tInoM dazAoM ke krama meM caturtha dazA meM gaNisampadA kA varNana hai| gaNi sampadA se paripUrNa gaNi samAdhisampanna ho jAtA hai, kintu jaba taka usako citta samAdhi kA bhalIbhAMti jJAna nahIM hotA, taba taka vaha ucita rIti se samAdhi meM praviSTa nahIM ho sakatA, ata: pUrvokta dazAoM ke anukrama meM hI pA~cavIM dazA meM 'cittasamAdhi' kA varNana hai| ___ saMsArI jIvoM ke lie samAdhi prApta karanA Avazyaka hai| sabhI manuSya sAdhuvRtti grahaNa nahIM kara sakate, ata: zrAvakavRtti se bhI samAdhi prApta karanA apekSita hai| isI lakSya ko dhyAna meM rakhate hue zrAvakoM kI gyAraha pratimAoM-upAsaka pratimAoM kA chaThI dazA meM pratipAdana hai| yahI aNuvratI sarvavirati rUpa cAritra kI ora pravRtta honA cAhe to use zramaNa vrata dhAraNa karanA par3atA hai| ata: sAtavIM dazA meM bhikSu pratimA kA varNana hai| pratimA samApta karane ke anantara muni ko varSA Rtu meM nivAsa ke yogya kSetra kI gaveSaNA kara arthAt ucita sthAna prApta kara varSA Rtu vahIM vyatIta karanI par3atI hai| isa AThavIM dazA meM varSAvAsa ke niyamoM kA pratipAdana hai| pratyeka zramaNa ko paryuSaNA kA ArAdhana ucita rIti se karanA cAhie, jo aisA nahIM karatA vaha mohanIya karmoM kA upArjana karatA hai| ata: navI dazA meM jina-jina kAraNoM se mohanIya karmabandha hotA hai unakA varNana kiyA gayA hai| zramaNa ko una kAraNoM kA svarUpa jAnakara unase sadA pRthak rahane kA prayatna karanA caahie| yaha sabase pradhAna karma hai| ata: pratyeka ko isase bacane kA prayatna karanA caahie| isake parihAra hetu mohadazA kI racanA kI gaI hai|

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dazAzrutaskandhasUtra 405 __navama dazA meM mahAmohanIya sthAnoM kA varNana kiyA gayA hai| kabhI-kabhI sAdhu unake vazavartI hokara tapa karate hue nidAna kara baiThatA hai| moha ke prabhAva se kAmabhogoM kI icchA usake citta meM jAga uThatI hai aura usa icchA kI pUrti kI AzA se vaha nidAna karma kara letA hai| pariNAmata: usakI vaha icchA "Ayati'' arthAt AgAmI kAla taka banI rahatI hai, jisase vaha phira janma-maraNa ke baMdhana meM phaMsA rahatA hai| ata: isa dazA meM nidAna karma kA hI varNana karate haiN| yahI navama dazA se isakA saMbaMdha hai| dazavI dazA kA nAma Ayati dazA hai| Ayati zabda kA artha janma yA jAti jAnanA caahie| jo vyakti nidAna ke karma se baMdhegA usako phala bhogane ke lie avazya hI nayA janma grahaNa karanA pdd'egaa| vyAkhyA sAhitya dazAzrutaskandha para vyAkhyA sAhitya ke rUpa meM bhadrabAhu kRta niyukti, ajJAtakartRka cUrNi, brahmarSi yA brahmamuni kRta jinahitAvRtti, eka ajJAtakartRka TIkA, pRthvIcandra kRta TippaNaka evaM eka ajJAtakartRka paryAya upalabdha hai| isameM se niyukti aura cUrNi kA prakAzana huA hai| parantu zeSa vyAkhyA sAhitya ke prakAzita hone kI sUcanA upalabdha nahIM hai| vibhinna snotoM ke AdhAra para inakA grantha parimANa niyukti 141 gAthA, cUrNi 2225 yA 2161 zloka parimANa brahmamuni kRta TIkA 5152 zloka parimANaM hai| dazAzrutaskandha ke prakAzita saMskaraNoM kA ullekha kiyA gayA hai| AThavIM dazA paryuSaNAkalpa athavA kalpasUtra jaisA ki suvikhyAta hai ki dazAzrutaskandha kI AThavIM dazA ko hI uddhRta kara prArambha meM jinacarita aura anta meM sthavirAvalI jor3akara kalpasUtra nAma pradAna kiyA gayA hai| paryuSaNa parva ke avasara para isakA pATha karane se isakI mahattA evaM pracAra donoM meM AzAtIta vRddhi huI hai| phalata: kalpasUtra para vyAkhyA sAhitya bhI pracura mAtrA meM upalabdha hotA hai| isa para lagabhaga 60 vyAkhyAoM ke likhe jAne kI sUcanA upalabdha hotI hai| niyukti, cUrNi aura TippaNaka, jo prAcIna haiM aura sampUrNa chedasUtra kI vyAkhyA karate haiM, ke atirikta caudahavIM aura aThArahavIM zatAbdI ke madhya jyAdAtara vyAkhyA granthoM kI racanA huI hai| inakI sUcI eca.DI. velaNakara dvArA saMkalita jinaratnakoza (pR. 75-79 para) meM dI gaI hai, jo nimna haiM durgapadanirukta (1268) vinayacandra, sandehaviSauSadhi (1307) jinaprabha,kharataragacchIya, pajiMkA-jinasUri, avacUri(1386)jinasAgarasUri, sukhAvabodhavivaraNa jayasAgarasUri, kiraNAvalI (1571)-dharmasAgaragaNi, avacUri (1987)-amarakIrti, kalpalatA (1614)-zubhavijaya, pradIpikA (1657)--saMghavijayagaNi, dIpikA (1620)-jayavijayagaNi, maMjarI (1618) sahajakIrtigaNi evaM zrIsAra,

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[406E ER jinavANI- jainAgama-sAhitya vizeSAGka dIpikA zizubodhinI (1641)-ajitadeva sUri, kalpalatA (1642)-samayasundara, kharataragacchIya, subodhikA(1639)-- vinayavijaya, kaumudI (1650)-zAntisAgara, tapAgacchIya, bAlAvabodha (1693)-dAnavijayagaNi, tapAgaccha, kalpabodhinI (1731)-nyAyasAgara, tapAgaccha, kalpadrumakalikA (lagabhaga 1835)--lakSmIvallabhagaNi, kharataragaccha, sUtrArthaprabodhinI (1897)-vijayarAjendrasUri, tristutigaccha, kalpalatA-guNavijayagaNi, tapAgaccha, dIpikA- buddhavijaya, avacUriudayasAgara, aMcalagaccha, avacUri-mahImeru, kalpodyota-nyAyavijaya, antarvAcanA(1400)-guNaratnasUri, antarvAcanA-kulamaNDana sUri, antarvAcanA-ratnazekhara, antarvAcanA-jinahaMsa, antarvAcya-bhaktilAbha, antarvAcya-jayasundarasUri, antarvAcya-somasundarasUri, stabakapArzvacandrasUri, stabaka-rAmacandrasUri, maDAhaDagaccha, stabaka(1582)somavimalasUri, tapAgaccha, bAlAvabodha- kSamAvijaya,bAlAvabodha(1650)meruvijaya,stabaka(1972)-vidyAvilAsagaNi, kharataragaccha, bAlAvabodha (1676)-sukhasAgara aura mAMgalikamAlA (1706) / saMdarbhaH 1. vI.esa ApTe, saMskRta hindI koza, motIlAla banArasIdAsa pablizarsa limiTeDa, dillI 1993, pR. 392 2. pravacanasAra, 3/16, AcArya kundakunda, paramazrutaprabhAvakamaNDala, bamhAI 1012 / 3. sarvArthasiddhi,7/25, pUjyapAda, bhAratIya jJAnapITha, kAzI 1955 / 4. tattvArthabhASyavRtti, 9/22, siddhasenagaNi, de.lA.pu., phaNDa, bambaI 1929 / 5. cheyasuyamuttamasuyaM, nizIthabhASyacUrNi, bhAga 4, 6/48, sampA. amaramuni, gra.mA. 6, bhAratIya vidyA prakAzana, dillI evaM sanmati jJAnapITha, vIrAyatana, raajgRh| 6. cheyasuyaM kamhA uttamasutaM? bhaNNAmi-jamhA etthaM sapAyacchitto vidhI bhaNNati, jamhA eteNaccaraNavizuddhaM kareti, tamhA taM uttmsutN| ni.bhA.cU. bhASyagAthA, 6/84 kI cuurnni| 7. pro. eca.Ara. kApar3iyA, da kainAnikala liTarecara oNva da jainAja, lekhaka, sUrata, 1941, pR. 36, pAdaTippaNa saM. 3 / 8. vahI, pR. 36 / 9. vahI, pR. 36 / 10 AcArya devendra muni, jaina Agama sAhitya, tAraka guru jaina gra.mA. saM. 71, tAraka guru jaina granthAlaya, udayapura 1977 pu. 23-24 / 11. kApar3iyA, kainAnikala, sUrata 1941, pR. 37 / 12. vahI, pR. 39 / 13. pro. jaina, "ardhamAgadhI Agama'' jaina AyAma-5, pArzvanAtha, 1994, pR.9 / 14. devendramuni, "chedasUtra'', trINichedasUtrANi, byAvara 1982, pR. 41 / 15. vahI, pR. 42! 16. paMcakalpacUrNi, patra 1 (likhita), draSTavya-vahI, pR. 42 / 17. paM. mAlavaNiyA, jaina sAhitya kA bRhad itihAsa-eka, pArzvanAtha, 1981, pR. 41 /

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RamSTIANE | dazAzrutaskandhasUtra 677 18. DablyU., zubriga, da DAkTina oNva da jainAja, aMgrejI anu. vulauMga byUrlena; motIlAla banArasIdAsa, dillI, 1962, pR. 81 / 19. bhaNido dasANa chedo pannarasasaehiM hoi vrisaannN| samaNammi phaggamitte goyamagote mhaastte||817|| titthogAlI painnayaM- 'paiNNayasuttAI'-(2), saM. munipuNyavijaya, jaina Agama granthamAlA 17 mahAvIra jaina vidyAlaya bambaI 1984.pa. 4831 20. pro. jaina, "ardhamAgadhI Agama", jaina AyAma, pArzvanAtha 1994, pR. 33 / 21.kataraM suttaM? dasAukappo vavahAro yA katarAto uddhRtaM? ucyate packkhANa puvaao| da. cU., jinadAsagaNi, 'maNivijaya gaNi granthamAlA, saM.14, bhAvanagara 1954, pR. 2 / 22. devendramuni, "chedasUtra'' trINichedasUtrANi, byAvara 1982, pR. 12-13 / 23. vahI, pR. 13 24.dazAzrutaskandhasUtra, anu. AtmArAma, jaina zAstramAlA saM.1, jaina zAstramAlA kAryAlaya, lAhaura, 1936, pR.10 / 25. vahI, pR. 33-34, 64-65, 98-99,139-140,172, 255, 313, 318 evaM 363 / -pArzvanAtha vidyApITha, AI.TI.AI. ror3a karauMdI, vArANasI (u.pra.)

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bRhatkalpasUtra AcAryapravara zrI hastImala jI ma.sA. bRhatkalpasUtra meM sAdhu sAdhviyoM ke lie svIkRta utsarga evaM apavAda niyamoM kA ullekha hai| isameM pravAsa, AhAra, vastra, pAtra, vihAra, sAdhu evaM sAdhvI ke pArasparika vyavahAra evaM donoM ke vizeSa AcaraNa saMbaMdhI nirdeza haiN| yaha bRhatkalpasUtra kalpasUtra se bhinna hai| kalpasUtra to dazAzrutarakandha kA eka bhAga hai jabaki bRhatkalpasUtra eka svatantra sUtra hai| AcAryapravara zrI hastImala jI mahArAja sA ne Aja se 52 varSa pUrva bRhatkalpasUtra kA TIkA sahita sampAdana kiyA thaa| usameM jo bRhatkalpasUtra kA saMkSipta paricaya diyA gayA thA, use hI yahA~ prastuta kiyA jA rahA hai| -sampAdaka jaina zAstroM ko pramukhata: cAra bhAgoM meM bAMTA gayA hai- aMga, upAMga, mUla aura ched| unameM bRhatkalpa kA sthAna bhI cheda sUtroM meM AtA hai| AgamoM meM vibhinna jagaha 'dasAkappavavahArANaM uddesaNakAleNaM' aisA nirdeza AtA hai, jisameM dazAzruta skaMdha ke sAtha bRhatkalpa kA bhI kalpa ke saMketa se ullekha kiyA gayA hai| jJAta hotA hai ki isakA pUrva nAma kalpasUtra hI rakhA gayA ho, kyoMki vRttikAra AcArya malayagiri bhI isI nAma se paricaya dete haiN| sthAnAMga aura Avazyaka Adi meM kalpa nAma kA ullekha hote hue aura vRtti meM bhI kalpa nAma se paricaya hote hue isako bRhatkalpa nAma se kyoM kahA jAtA hai, 'nigUDhAzayA hi AcAryA:, aisA hone para bhI yathAsAdhya kAraNa kA patA lagAnA caahie| saMskRta meM eka niyama hai ki 'saMbhavavyabhicArAbhyAM syAdvizeSaNamarthavat' vizeSaNa kA saMbhava ho yA usake binA doSa Ane kI saMbhAvanA ho, tabhI vizeSaNa kI nAma ke sAtha sArthakatA hotI hai| isa dRSTi se dekhane para jJAta hotA hai ki bRhatkalpa aura dazAzrutaskandha kA paryuSaNa kalpa jisako Aja kalpasUtra ke nAma se kahate haiM, donoM ko yadi eka hI nAma se kahA jAya to graMtha kA sahI paricaya prApta nahIM hogaa| ata: AvazyakatA huI donoM meM vizeSaNa dene kii| kalpasUtra ke antima bhAga samAcArI meM bhI kucha kalpAkalpa kA bheda dikhAne hetu ullekha kiyA hai aura isameM usI kA vistRta vicAra hai- saMbhava hai isI dRSTikoNa ko lekara madhyakAla ke AcAryoM ne isakA nAma bRhatkalpa rakhA ho| sAmagrI ke abhAva meM aura samaya kI kamI se yahAM abhI yaha nirNaya nahIM kara sakate haiM ki bRhatkalpa nAma kI prasiddhi kaba se huii| kartA evaM uddezya prApta sAmagrI ke anusAra bRhatkalpa sUtra ke karttA zrutakevalI bhadrabAhu mAne gaye haiN| AcArya malayagiri kahate haiM ki- atha ka: sUtramakArSIt ? ko vA niyukti? ko vA bhASyama? iti, ucyate- iha pUrveSu yad navamaM pratyAkhyAnaM nAmaka pUrva tasya yat tRtIyamAcArAkhyaM vastu tasmin vizatitame prAbhRte mUlaguNeSUnaraguNeSu cAparAdheSu dazavidhamAlocanAdikaM praayshcittmupvrnnitm|

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kAlakrameNa ca duSamAnubhAvato dhRti-balavIryabuddhayA''yu:prabhRtiSu parihIyamAneSu pUrvANi duravagAhAni jAtAni, tato 'mA bhUt prAyazcittavyavaccheda-iti sAdhUnAmanugrahAya caturdazapUrvadhareNa bhagavatA bhadrabAhusvAminA kalpasUtraM vyavahArasUtraM cAkAri, ubhayorapi ca sUtrasparzikaniyukti: / ime api ca kalpa-vyavahAra sUtre saniyuktike alpagraMthatayA mahArthatvena ca duSamAnubhAvato hIyamAnamedhA''yurAdiguNAnAmidAnIntanajantUnAmalpazaktInAM durgrahe duravadhAre jAte, tata: sukhagrahaNa-dhAraNAya bhASyakAro bhASyaM kRtavAn tacca sUtrasparzika-niryuktyanugatamiti sUtrasparzikaniyuktirbhASyaM caiko graMtho jaatH| ____TIkAkAra AcArya malayagiri ne kahA hai ki pUrva kA yaha prAyazcitta bhAga naSTa nahIM ho jAya, isaliye bhadrabAhu ne isakI racanA kii| kintu kucha gaharAI se socane para mAlUma hogA ki cheda sUtra kI racanA kA uddezya vibhinna dezakAla meM hone vAle sAdhu-sAdhviyoM kI paristhitivaza ulajhI samasyA ko sulajhAnA aura moha, ajJAna evaM pramAda Adi se lagane vAle doSoM se saMyama kI rakSA karanA bhI hai| yaha sarvavidita bAta hai ki sAdhu bhI zarIradhArI prANI hai| kAma, krodha lobhAdi usake sAtha bhI lage haiN| yadyapi vaha inako Azraya nahIM detA aura na udaya ko TikAne kA hI yatna karatA hai, phira bhI chaThe se 11 veM guNasthAna taka lAkha prayatna karane para bhI inakA samUla nAza nahIM hotaa| ina cha: doM meM vaha apane prayatna ke bala para inako manda, mandatara, mandatama banA letA hai aura gyArahaveM meM pahuMcakara to usako 'bhasmAcchanna' Aga kI taraha hatazakti kara detA hai| kintu adhikatA se pramattadazA ke prathama sthAna para rahane vAle sAdhusAdhviyoM ke liye to sadA kaSAya kA khatarA banA rahatA hai| unake liye nirmohatA aura vItarAgatA kA Adarza vAMchanIya hokara bhI prApta nahIM hai| unakA zarIra aura saMgha se prema saMbaMdha TUTA nahIM hai| zarIra, saMgI aura saMyama kI rakSA ke liye AhAra, vastra, pAtra, sthAna Adi sAdhanoM kI samaya-samaya para AvazyakatA hotI hai| ata: utsarga aura apavAda ke kathana se muni-dharma kI rakSA aura zuddhi karanA isakA pradhAna uddezya samajhanA caahie| zAstra ke adhikArI / prAcIna samaya kI eka maryAdA hai ki ayogya ko jJAna nahIM denA caahie| yadi koI AcArya jJAna dAna meM yogyA'yogya kA vicAra nahIM kare to zAstra ne use doSabhAgI mAnA hai| Avazyaka sUtra meM isako "suThudinnaM'' nAmaka jJAna kA aticAra kahA hai| sthAnAMga ke tIsare sthAna meM kahA hai ki 1. avinIta 2. rasalolupI aura 3. kalaha kA upazamana nahIM karane vAlA tIvra kaSAyavAna, ye tIna vAcanA dene yogya nahIM haiN| prazna ho sakatA hai ki jJAna to pApI ko dharmI banAtA hai aura durjana

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[410 jinavANI-- jainAgama-sAhitya vizeSAGaka ko bhI sajjana karatA hai phira isake liye aisA paraheja kyoM? bAta yaha hai ki jJAna do prakAra kA hai- eka grahaNa zikSA rUpa dUsarA sevana ruup| inameM padArtha jJAna evaM utsargApavAda kI zikSA vAlA jo prathama jJAna hai usake liye adhikArI kA vicAra Avazyaka hai| Aja bhI aNuvijJAna Adi ke tattva gupta rakhe jAte haiM, kAraNa ki unake durupayoga kI AzaMkA rahatI hai| isaliye bhASyakAra kahate haiM ki zAstra ke rahasyoM ko jo sAdhAraNa meM pragaTa karatA hai aura apavAda pada kA galata upayoga karatA hai vaise jJAna-darzana-cAritra kI zithila pravRtti vAle ko jJAna denA doSa kA hetu hai| aise apAtra meM zAstrajJAna dene vAlA caturgatika saMsAra meM paribhramaNa karatA hai| isaliye kalpazAstra kA jJAna dene ke liye nimna guNa dekhane cAhiye - ... arahassadhArae, pArae ya, asaDhakaraNe tulAsamaM smite| ___ kappANu-pAlaNA dIvaNAya, ArAhaNa chinna sNsaarii||6490 arthAt jo gambhIra rahasya ko dhAraNa karane vAlA hai, prArambha kiye zruta ko bIca meM nahIM chor3atA, chala aura ahaMkAra se dUra tathA tulA ke samAna rAgadveSa rahita samabuddhi vAlA hai, jitendriya hai, usako zAstrajJAna denA cAhie, jisase bhagavatkathita kalpa kI ArAdhanA ho athavA jo zAstra kathita vidhi kA pAlana kare usako denA caahiye| aisA karane se jinamArga kI dIpanA hotI viSayavastu bRhatkalpasUtra meM kula 6 uddezaka evaM 81 adhikAra haiN| pratyeka adhikAra meM bhinna-bhinna viSayoM kI carcA hai| sUtroM kI saMkhyA 206 hai| prathama uddezaka prathama uddezaka meM 24 adhikAra haiN| pahale pralaMbAdhikAra hai, jisameM kahA gayA hai ki tAla evaM kelA Adi pralaMbaphala sAdhu-sAdhviyoM ko kaisA lenA aura kaisA nahIM lenaa| kaccA ho to sAdhu-sAdhviyoM ko binA kaTA lenA nahIM kalpatA, kaTA huA le sakate haiN| sAdhuoM ke liye pakke tAla pralaMba kA niSedha nahIM, kintu sAdhvI use bhI vidhipUrvaka kaTe hone para le sakatI hai, anyathA nhiiN| dUsarA mAsa kalpAdhikAra hai| isameM kahA hai ki varSAkAla ke atirikta sAdhara mAsa aura sAdhvI 2 mAsa eka gAMva meM raha sakate haiN| yadi gAMva bAhara bhItara Adi rUpa se do bhAga meM ho to dviguNa kAla taka raha sakate haiM, kintu usa samaya jahAM rahate hoM usI hisse se bhikSA lenI caahie| tIsare adhikAra meM sAdhu-sAdhviyoM ke eka gAvaM meM ekatra rahane kA vicAra hai| jo gAMva eka hI dvAra vAlA ho, jahA~ usI se nikalanA aura praveza karanA ho vahAM donoM ko eka sAtha rahanA niSiddha hai| bhinna mArga hone para raha sakate haiN| cauthe upAzraya adhikAra meM sAdhviyoM ke liye bAjAra yA galI ke muMha para ThaharanA niSiddha

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| bRhatkalpasUtra J 411 kahA hai| sAdhu vahAM Thahara sakate haiN| sAdhviyAM khule makAna meM binA AvaraNa kiye nahIM Thahara sakatI, sAdhu raha sakate haiN| paMcama adhikAra meM batAyA hai yadi miTTI kA bhAMDa lenA Avazyaka ho to sAdhviyAM sakar3e muMha ke arahaTa kI ghar3I jaisA bhAMDa le sakatI haiM, kintu sAdhu vaisA nahIM le sktaa| chaThe adhikAra meM sAdhu-sAdhviyoM ko vastra kI cilimilikA maccharadAnI rakhane kI anumati dI gaI hai| saptama adhikAra meM kahA hai ki pAnI ke kinAre sAdhu-sAdhviyoM ko 17 kAma nahIM karanA cAhie, jaise khar3e rahanA, baiThanA, sonA, khAnA, pInA, svAdhyAya aadi| AThaveM adhikAra meM citravAle ghara meM sAdhu-sAdhviyoM ke liye ThaharanA niSiddha kahA hai| kyoMki vahAM jJAna dhyAna meM vikSepa ho sakatA hai| navama adhikAra meM sAdhviyoM ke zIla-rakSaNa kI dRSTi se kahA hai ki unheM zayyAdAtA kI dekharekha meM hI rahanA caahie| sAdhuoM ke liye aisA niyama nahIM hai| dazama adhikAra meM kahA gayA hai ki sAdhu ko sAgArika upAzraya meM nahIM rahanA cAhiye, kintu sAgArika rahita sthAna meM raha sakate haiN| phira spaSTa kara isI bAta ko gyArahaveM adhikAra meM kahA hai- sAdhu strI vAle upAzraya meM nahIM rhe| puruSa vAle ghara meM raha sakate haiN| isa prakAra sAdhviyoM ke liye puruSa sAgArika kA niSedha aura strI vAle sthAna kI anumati samajhanI caahie| bArahaveM adhikAra meM kahA hai ki jahAM strI Adi kA pratibaMdha ho vahAM sAdhviyA~ raha sakatI haiM, sAdhu nhiiN| 13 veM adhikAra meM nirdeza hai ki jahAM ghara meM hokara AnA jAnA par3atA ho usa jagaha sAdhu nahIM raha sakate, sAdhviyA~ sthAnAbhAva se raha sakatI haiN| 14 veM adhikAra meM kahA hai ki sAdhuoM ko krodha nahIM rakhanA caahiye| kabhI kalaha bolanA ho jAya to avilamba krodha ko zAnta kara lenA caahiye| kAraNa ki prazamabhAva hI saMyama kA sAra hai| 15veM adhikAra meM vihAra kA vicAra hai, varSA kAla meM vihAra kA niSedha aura zeSa kAla meM anumati hai| 16 veM adhikAra meM sAdhu.sAdhviyoM ke liye do virodhI rAjyoM meM paraspara zaMkA ho, isa prakAra jaldI gamanAgamana karane kA niSedha hai| 17vAM adhikAra avagraha kA hai| isameM kahA hai ki bhikSA ke liye ghara meM gaye hue yA svAdhyAya aura bahirbhUmi jAte samaya kabhI gRhastha vastra, pAtrAdi se nimantraNa kare to sAdhusAdhvI kA kartavya hai ki ve AcArya evaM pravartinI kI nizrAya se lAveM aura unakI anumati pAkara hI grahaNa kreN| 18veM se 21 veM taka cAra adhikAroM meM rAtri ke niSiddha kAryoM kA varNana kiyA gayA hai| pahale meM kahA gayA hai ki rAta yA vikAla meM cAroM AhAra grahaNa nahIM kare, kevala dina ko dekhe hue zayyAsaMstAraka rAta meM kAma le sakate haiN| vaise rAta yA vikAla meM sAdhu-sAdhvI vastra bhI nahIM le sakate, apanA curAyA gayA vastra Adi rAta meM lAyA gayA ho to vaha le sakate haiN| phira rAta meM eka gAMva se dUsare gAMva vihAra karanA bhI nahIM klptaa| 22 veM adhikAra meM jImaNavAra meM jAne kA niSedha hai| 23 veM adhikAra meM kahA hai ki sAdhu-sAdhviyoM ko zArIrika kAraNa yA svAdhyAya ke

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[412 jinavANI- jainAgama-sAhitya vizeSAGaka | lie rAtri meM upAzraya ke bAhara jAnA ho to, anukUlatAnusAra eka-do ko sAtha lekara jAnA caahie| 24 veM adhikAra meM vihArakSetra batAyA gayA hai| pUrva meM aMga aura magadha, dakSiNa meM kauzAmbI, pazcima meM sthUNA aura uttara meM kuNAlA deza taka AryakSetra kahA gayA hai| dvitIya uddezaka dUsare uddezaka meM 7 adhikAra haiN| prathama upAzrayAdhikAra hai, jisameM khAsataura se 12 sUtroM ke dvArA yaha batAyA gayA hai ki kaise upAzraya meM utaranA aura kaise meM nhiiN| pahale kahA hai ki jahA~ zAli Adi ke bIja bikhare hoM, vahA~ nahIM ThaharanA caahie| jahAM madya ke ghar3e rakhe hoM aura ThaMDe-garma jala ke ghar3e bhare rahate hoM, vahAM bhI sAdhu-sAdhvI ke liye ThaharanA niSiddha hai| jisa ghara meM rAta bhara Aga jalatI ho yA dIpaka rAta bhara jalatA rahe, vahAM bhI sAdhusAdhviyoM ko nahIM ThaharanA caahie| upAzraya kI sImA meM ghRta, gur3a aura modakAdi khAdyapadArtha bikhare hoM vahAM bhI nahIM ThaharanA caahie| sAdhviyoM ke liye sArvajanika dharmazAlA-musAphira khAnA- meM evaM khule ghara yA vRkSa ke nIce ThaharanA niSiddha hai| sAdha aise sthAna meM Thahara sakate haiM dUsare adhikAra meM zayyAtara piMDa kA vicAra hai| yadi kisI makAna ke eka se adhika svAmI hoM to unameM se eka ko zayyAdAtA banAkara zeSa ghara kI bhikSA le sakate haiN| zayyAtara kA piMDa bAhara nikalane para bhI kaba liyA jA sakatA hai, batAyA gayA hai| 3-4-5 veM adhikAra meM, jo bhojana zayyAtara ke yahAM dUsare kA AyA ho, yA zayyAtara ke yahAM se bhejA gayA ho tathA usake pUjya mAnanIya puruSa ke liye banAyA gayA ho, usako kisa prakAra grahaNa karanA, kahA gayA hai| chaThe adhikAra meM kahA hai ki sAdhu pA~ca prakAra ke vastra dhAraNa kara sakate haiM1. jaMgamaja-Una, rezama Adi 2. alasI 3.saNasUtra 4.kapAsa aura 5. vRkSa kI chAla ke vlkl| sAtaveM adhikAra meM pAMca prakAra ke rajoharaNa batAye haiM-1. Una kA 2. UMTa kI jaTa kA 3. saNa kA 4-5. kuTe hue ghAsa aura muMja kaa| tRtIya uddezaka tIsare uddezaka meM 16 adhikAra haiN| prathama adhikAra meM kahA hai ki jahA~ sAdhu rahate hoM usa sthAna para sAdhvI ko aura sAdhvI ke yahAM sAdhu ko binA kAraNa jAnA nahIM caahie| dUsare adhikAra meM sakAraNa camar3A lene kA vicAra hai| tIsare adhikAra meM kahA hai ki sAdhu-sAdhviyoM ko akhaNDa, yAnI bahumUlya vastra nahIM rakhanA cAhie, AvazyakatA se Tukar3A rakha sakate haiM caturtha adhikAra meM kahA ki sAdhu kacchA nahIM rakhe, sAdhviyAM rakha sakatI haiN| paMcama adhikAra meM bhikSA ke liye gayI huI sAdhvI ko vastra kI AvazyakatA ho to lAne kI vidhi batAI gaI hai| SaSTha adhikAra meM sarvaprathama dIkSA lene vAle sAdhu-sAdhvI ke liye upakaraNa kA vicAra hai| saptama adhikAra meM kahA hai

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bRhatkalpasUtra 413 ki zItakAla ke AraMbha meM arthAt cAturmAsa ke anta meM vastra grahaNa kara sakate haiM, varSA ke AraMbha (cAturmAsa) meM nhiiN| adhikAra 8-9 aura 10 meM kahA hai ki vastra grahaNa, zayyA grahaNa aura vandana choTe bar3e ke krama se hI karanA caahiye| 11 veM 12veM adhikAra meM gRhastha ke ghara para sAdhu-sAdhviyoM ke liye Thaharane aura vyAkhyAna kA niSedha hai, apavAda bhI batAyA gayA hai| 13 veM adhikAra meM pATa Adi pADihArika zayyA saMthArA ke dene kI vidhi kahI gaI hai| 14 veM adhikAra meM zayyA vApisa dete samaya dUsare sAdhu A jAya to avagraha kI vidhi batalAyI gaI hai| 15 veM adhikAra meM kahA hai ki gAMva ke bAhara senA kA par3Ava ho to bhikSA ke liye vahAM jAkara rAta meM nahIM rahanA caahie| 16 veM adhikAra meM sAdhu-sAdhviyoM ke liye gA~va ke cAroM ora 5-5 koza kA avagraha lekara rahane kA vidhAna hai| caturtha uddezaka caturtha uddezaka meM 16 adhikAra haiN| prathama, dvitIya aura tRtIya adhikAra meM kramaza: tIna prakAra ke anudghAtika, pArAMcika aura anavasthApya prAyazcitta ke kAraNa kahe gaye haiN| caturtha adhikAra meM kahA hai ki tIna prakAra ke manuSya dIkSA, muMDana, zikSA, upasthApana, saMbhoga aura saMvAsa ke ayogya haiN| paMcama adhikAra meM avinIta Adi tIna prakAra ke puruSoM ko vAcanA ke ayogya aura vinIta Adi ko vAcanA yogya kahA hai| SaSTha adhikAra meM duSTa, mUDha Adi tIna prakAra ke manuSya ko durbodhya aura aduSTa Adi ko sukhabodhya kahA hai| saptama adhikAra meM kahA hai ki kaSTa meM glAni pAte hue sAdhu ko sAdhvI evaM sAdhvI ko sAdhu AvazyakatA samajhakara sadbhAva se sakAraNa sahArA de to AjJA kA ullaMghana nahIM krtaa| aSTama adhikAra meM kahA hai ki kAla yA kSetra kI pahara tathA kozarUpa maryAdA kA ullaMghana kara AhAra Adi kA upabhoga karane se sAdhu.sAdhvI prAyazcitta ke adhikArI hote haiN| navama adhikAra meM Akasmika koI aneSaNIya vastu A jAya to sAdhu ko kyA karanA cAhiye, yaha batAyA gayA hai| dazama adhikAra meM kalpasthita aura akalpasthita sAdhu ke liye auddezika AhAra kI vidhi kahI gaI hai| ekAdazaveM adhikAra meM sAdhugaNAvacchedaka aura AcArya Adi ke gaNAntara karane kI vidhi batalAI hai| 12veM adhikAra meM kadAcit kisI sAdhu kA Akasmika nidhana ho jAya aura sAdhu paraThanA cAhe to usakI vidhi batalAI hai| terahaveM adhikAra meM kahA hai ki kadAcit mohodaya se sAdhu kA kisI ke sAtha kalaha ho jAya to tatkAla usakA upazama karanA cAhiye, binA zAnti kiye bhikSA Adi ke liye jAnA nahIM klptaa| caudahaveM adhikAra meM parihAra tapa vAle ke sAtha kaisA vyavahAra kiyA jAya, yaha batAyA gayA hai| pandrahaveM adhikAra meM kahA hai ki gaMgA, yamunA jaisI pAMca bar3I nadiyAM eka mAsa meM 2-3 bAra utaranA nahIM klptaa| kaisI dazA meM utara sakate haiM, yaha bhI

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414 jinavANI- jainAgama-sAhitya vizeSAGaka dikhAyA hai / 16 veM adhikAra meM batAyA hai ki ghAsa Adi kA kaccA ghara yadi nirjIva ho to kitanI UMcAI hone para vahAM mAsakalpa yA varSAkAla raha sakate haiN| paMcama uddezaka paMcamoddezaka ke prathama adhikAra meM kahA hai ki yadi koI deva-devI vikriyA karake sAdhu-sAdhvI ke samakSa viparIta liMgI strI-puruSa ke rUpa meM upasthita hoM aura sAdhu-sAdhvI unako acchA samajhe to prAyazcitta ke adhikArI hote haiN| dUsare adhikAra meM batAyA hai ki koI sAdhu kalaha karake dUsare gaNa meM jAve to vahAM komala vacanoM se zAnta kara use phira mUla gaNa meM bheja denA cAhiye aadi| tIsare adhikAra meM prAtaH kAla yA sAyaMkAla bhojana karate samaya yadi mAlUma ho jAya ki sUrya udaya nahIM huA athavA asta ho gayA hai, to kyA karanA cAhiye, batAyA hai| cauthe adhikAra meM rAtri yA vikAla meM kaMTha ke nIce se gucalakA jAya to usakI vidhi kahI gaI hai| paMcama adhikAra meM bIja yA jantu Upara se pAtra meM gira jAya to kisa prakAra karanA cAhiye, batAyA gayA hai| chaThe adhikAra meM bhojana meM sacitta jala kI bUMda gira jAya taba usake upayoga kI vidhi kahI gaI hai| saptama adhikAra meM sAdhvI ke vrata rakSA kA vicAra hai, usake liye nimna bAtoM kA niSedha hai- 1. ekAkinI hokara bhikSA, jaMgala aura grAmAnugrAma vihAra krnaa| 2. vastra rahita rahanA 3. apAtra honA 4. kAyotsarga meM deha kA bhAna bhUlanA 5. gAMva ke bAhara khar3e hokara AtApanA lenA 6. sthAnAyata Asana se rahanA 7. eka rAtri kI paDimA kAyotsarga rUpa karanA 8. niSadyA Asana karanA 9. ukaDU Asana se baiThanA . vIrAsana se baiThanA, 11 daMDAsana karanA 12. lakaDAsana karanA 13. ulaTe muMha sonA, 14. sIdhe sonA 15. AmrakubjAsana karanA 16. eka pArzva se abhigraha kara leTanA, ye kArya sAdhvI ko nahIM karane cAhiye / 10. sAdhu kI taraha sAdhvI ko AkuMcana paTTa dhAraNa karanA, pIche takiye--sahAredAra-Asana para baiThanA, donoM bAjU khuTTIdAra paTTa para baiThanA, nAlavAlA tumbA rakhanA, khulI daMDI kA rajoharaNa dhAraNa karanA, pUMjanI meM daNDI rakhanA ye bAteM bhI sAdhviyoM ke liye niSiddha haiN| aSTama adhikAra meM moka pratimA kA vicAra hai| navama adhikAra meM rAta meM rahe hue AhAra ke sevana kA niSedha hai| lepa bhI rAta meM rakhA huA gADha kAraNa binA niSiddha hai / isI prakAra bAsI rakhe hue ghRta Adi kI mAliza bhI niSiddha hai / dazaveM adhikAra meM parihAra tapa vAle ke vyavahAra kI vidhi kahI gaI hai / 11 veM adhikAra meM kahA hai ki nissAra AhAra pAkara sAdhvI nirvAha nahIM kara sake to dUsarI bAra bhI bhikSA ko jAnA kalpatA hai| SaSTha uddezaka prathama adhikAra meM cha: avacana kahe haiM- jaise ? ha~sI Adi se jhUTha

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| bRhatkalpasUtra 4151 bolanA, 2. avahelanA karanA 3. khisalAne vAle vacana 4. kaThora vacana 5. gRhastha jaise apazabda 6. zAnta kalaha ko uttejita karane vAle vcn| ye saba avAcya haiN| dUsare adhikAra meM hiMsA, jhUTha, corI, maithuna, apuruSavacana aura dAsa vacana rUpa chaH prAyazcitta ke sthAna kahe gaye haiN| tIsare adhikAra meM cAra sUtroM se kahA gayA hai ki sAdhu sAdhvI ke paira meM kAMTA, kIla Adi laga jAya evaM AMkha meM raja kaNa yA jantu gira jAya aura ve nikAla nahIM sakeM to AvazyakatA se sAdhu kA sAdhvI tathA sAdhvI kA sAdhu nikAla sakate haiN| kintu yaha vizeSa prasaMga kA sUtra hai| cauthe aura pAMcaveM adhikAra meM kahA hai ki 12 kAraNoM se sAdhu sAdhvI kI rakSA ke samaya sparza karate hue AjJA kA ullaMghana nahIM krte| jaise (1) TurgAdi bhUmi meM sAdhvI kA paira phisalatA ho (2) kIcar3a Adi meM phisalatI ho (3) naukA para car3hatI yA utaratI ho (4) bhaya Adi se vikSipta citta ho (5) kAmAdi se dIpta citta ho (6) bhUtapretAdi bAdhA se bebhAna ho (7) unmatta ho (8) upasarga se vyAkula ho (9) krodha yA kalaha se anupazAnta ho (10) prAyazcitta se bhayabhIta ho (11) bhakta pratyAkhyAna vAlI ho (12) arthajAta se cintita ho| ina sthitiyoM meM sAdhu. sAdhvI ko sahArA de sakate haiN| / chaThe adhikAra meM 6 bAteM saMyama ko nissAra banAne vAlI kahI gaI haiN| anta meM kalpa kI 6 sthitiyA~ batAI gaI haiN| chadmastha sAdhaka ke kalpamAtra kA isameM samAveza kara diyA gayA hai| zAstrAntara se tulanA bRhatkalpa kI zAstrAntara se do prakAra kI tulanA ho sakatI hai, eka zabda se aura dUsarI artha se| yahAM Arthika tulanA samayAbhAva se nahIM kara thor3I sI zAbdika tulanA hI kI jaayegii| bhagavatI, vyavahAra aura sthAnAMga sUtra meM tulanA ke sthala milate haiN| jaise sthAnAMga ke caturtha sthAna ke Adi meMtao aNugdhAiyA paM. taM hatthakammaM karemANe-se tao susaNNappA paM. taM....... ....avugghie| paryanta 13 sUtroM kA tRtIya uddezaka meM pUrNa sAmya hai| sthAnAMga kI vizeSatA yaha hai ki usake paMcama sthAna ke dvitIya uddezaka meM pAMca prakAra kA anudghAtika batAyA hai, jaise ki- paMca aNugghAiyA paM. taM. (1) hattha kammaM karemANe (2) mehuNaM paDisevamANe (3) rAiyabhoyaNaM bhuMjamANe (4) sAgAriya.piMDaM bhuMjamANe (5) rAyapiMDaM bhujamANe / dvitIya uddezaka ke aMtima do sUtroM kA paMcama sthAna ke tRtIya uddezaka ke "kappai niggaMthANa vA niggaMthINa vA paMca vatthAI dhArittae.....'' sUtra meM pUrNa sAmya hai kevala yahAM 'imAI' pada nahIM hai| caturtha uddezaka ke 32 veM sUtra ke sAtha paMcama sthAna dvitIya uddezaka ke

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1416 jinavANI- jainAgama-sAhitya vizeSAGaka / Adi sUtra meM prAya: sAmya hai| vahA~ 'kosiyA' ke sthAna para 'erAvaI' kA prayoga hai| apavAda meM sthAnAMga kI vizeSatA hai, vahAM pA~ca kAraNa batAye haiN| jaise ki paMcahiM ThANehiM kappaMti, ta. 1.bhayaMsi vA 2.dubhikkhaMsi vA 3. pavvahejjavaNaMkoI 4. udayoghasi vA ejjamANaMsi mahatAvA 5.aNAriesu / chaThe uddezaka ke avacanAdi cAra sUtra bhI sthAnAMga ke chaThe sthAna meM milate haiN| durga prakRta ke 'niggaMthe niggaMthiM duggaMsi vA visamaMsi vA' Adi sUtroM kA sthAnAMga paMcama sthAna ke dvitIya uddezaka aura chaThe sthAna meM sAmya milatA artha kI tulanA ke liye AcArAMga Adi anya zAstra bhI tulanA sthAna ho sakate haiN| bRhatkalpa ke TIkA grantha aura saMskaraNa bhadrabAhusvAmikRta niyukti ke atirikta eka saMghadAsagaNikRta prAkRta bhASya hai jo gAthAbaddha hai| AcArya malayagiri ne kahA hai ki- "sUtrasparzikaniyuktirbhASyaM caiko grantho jaat:|' niyukti aura bhASya kA pRthakkaraNa karanA kaThina ho gayA hai| kSemakIrti ke ullekha se cUrNi kA honA bhI pAyA jAtA hai| phira AcArya malayagiri ne isa para saMskRta TIkA kI hai, jo pUrNa upalabdha nahIM hotii| AcArya kSemakIrti kahate haiM ki- tadapi kuto'pi hetoridAnI paripUrNa nAvalokyata iti paribhAvya mandamatimaulinA'pi mayA gurUpadezaM nizrIkRtya zrImalayagiriviracitavivaraNAdUrdhva vivriitumaarbhyte|' isase jJAta hotA hai ki malayagirikRta TIkA kA jo bhAga upalabdha nahIM hai, usI kI kSemakIrti ne pUrti kI hai| pUrvAcAryoM ne kucha TabbArtha bhI kiye haiN| uparyukta niyukti, bhASya aura TIkA sahita saMpUrNa grantha "AtmAnanda jaina sabhA bhAvanagara'' se 6 bhAgoM meM prakAzita huA hai| mudrita bhASya ke sAtha lage hue laghu vizeSaNa se yaha anumAna sahaja hotA hai ki bRhadbhASya bhI honA caahie| isake atikti DA. jIvarAja chelAbhAI ne gujarAtI anuvAda sahita ahamadAbAda se bhI eka saMskaraNa nikAlA hai| bAla brahmacArI zAstra vizArada pUjya zrI amolaRSijI mahArAja dvArA isakA hindI anuvAda bhI kiyA gayA hai| jo haidarAbAda dakSiNa se prakAzita huA hai| Agama mandira pAlItANA aura muni jinavijayajI dvArA mUla saMskaraNa bhI nikAle gaye haiN| . AcAryazrI dvArA ajJAta TIkAkAra kI TIkA sahita isa sUtra kA sampAdana kiyA gayA, jo samyagjJAna pracAraka maNDala. ke pUrvavartI jodhapura kAryAlaya se prakAzita huaa| tadanantara san 1977 meM sANDerAva se mUlAnusparzI anuvAda aura vizeSArtha ke sAtha 'kappasuttaM' kA prakAzana huaa| san 1992 meM Agama prakAzana samiti, byAvara se "trINi chedasUtrANi grantha meM isakA prakAzana anuvAda evaM vivecana ke sAtha huA hai|-smpaadk

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vyavahAra sUtra suzrI mInA boharA cAra chedasUtroM meM vyavahAra sUtra kA mahattvapUrNa sthAna hai| isameM prAyazcita, AlocanA, padoM kI yogyatA-ayogyatA, punardIkSA, vihAra, AhAra, nivAsa Adi zramaNAcAra saMbaMdhI vividha vyavahAroM para prakAza DAlA gayA hai| Agama adhyetrI evaM adhyApikA suzrI mInA boharA, ema.e. (saMskRta) ne vyavahAra sUtra kI viSayavastu ko apane Alekha meM saMkSepa meM upanibaddha kiyA hai, jisase vyavahAra sUtra ke pratipAdya kA saralatayA bodha ho jAtA hai| -sampAdaka vyavahAra sUtra kI gaNanA cheda sUtroM meM hotI hai / cheda sUtroM meM nirgrantha evaM nirgranthiyoM kI prAyazcitta-vidhi kA vidhAna kiyA gayA hai| cheda kA artha karate hue batAyA gayA hai jhA ThANaM jeNa Na bAhijjae ta ye NiyayA / saMbhavai ya parisuddhaM so puNa dhammammi cheutti / / jina kriyAoM se dharma meM bAdhA nahIM AtI ho aura jisase AtmA nirmala hotI ho use cheda kahate haiM / ye sUtra cAritra kI zuddhatA sthira rakhane ke lie haiN| nizItha ke bhASyakartA ne cheda sUtroM ko pravacana kA rahasya batAte hue guhya batAyA hai tamhA na kaheyavvaM AyariyeNa pavayaNarahassaM / khettaM kAlaM purisaM nAUNa pagAsae gujjhaM / / - nizIthabhASya 19.6184 saMyamI jIvana yAtrA ke daurAna lage doSoM aura prAyazcitta dvArA unakI zuddhi kA varNana cheda sUtroM meM upalabdha hai| isase yaha sUcita hotA hai ki jaina darzana meM mAnava kI kamajoriyoM ko chipAyA nahIM gayA hai, apitu atyanta sAhasapUrvaka yathArtha ko prastuta kiyA gayA hai aura unase mukta hone kA upAya batAyA gayA hai| prabala kAraNa hone para na cAhate hue bhI yA yAda na rahane se yA pramattatA kI sthiti meM doSa kA sevana ho jAtA hai / usa doSa kI zuddhi ke liye prAyazcitta Avazyaka hai, yahI cheda sUtroM kA varNya viSaya hai| Arya AryarakSita ne AgamoM ko anuyogoM ke AdhAra para cAra bhAgoM meM vibhakta kiyA (Avazyaka niryukti 363 - 367) / usake prathama bhAga caraNakaraNAnuyoga ke antargata cheda sUtroM ko liyA gayA hai| cheda sUtra kA nAmollekha sarvaprathama Avazyaka niryukti (770) meM huA hai| isake pazcAt vizeSAvazyaka bhASya (2295) evaM nizItha bhASya (5947) meM huA hai| cheda sUtra kI AcAra saMhitA ko 'jainAgama sAhitya : manana aura mImAMsA' (pR. 347) pustaka meM cAra bhAgoM meM vibhakta kiyA gayA hai - 1. utsarga (sAmAnya vidhAna ) 2. apavAda (paristhiti vizeSa kI dRSTi se vizeSa vidhAna ) 3. doSa (utsarga evaM apavAda ko bhaMga karanA) aura 4 prAyazcitta

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|418 - jinavANI- jainAgama-sAhitya vizeSAGka | (doSa lagane para AlocanA karake ucita daNDa lekara saMyamI-jIvana kI zuddhi krnaa)| cheda sUtra saMkSipta zailI meM likhe gaye haiN| inake karttA caturdaza pUrvadhArI bhadrabAhu mAne jAte haiN| vyavahAra sUtra tRtIya cheda sUtra hai| vyavahAra sUtra ko dvAdazAMga kA navanIta kahA jAtA hai| isake dasaveM uddezaka ke tIsare sUtra meM pAMca vyavahAroM ke nAma haiN| isa sUtra kA nAmakaraNa ina pAMca vyavahAroM ko mukhya mAnakara kiyA gayA hai| vyavahAra sUtra, nizItha kI apekSA choTA evaM bRhatkalpa kI apekSA bar3A hai| cAra cheda sUtroM meM yahI eka aisA sUtra hai jisake nAma meM prArambha se lekara Aja taka koI parivartana nahIM huA hai| anya cheda sUtroM kI bhAMti isameM bhI zramaNa jIvana kI AcAra saMhitA kA varNana kiyA gayA hai| bRhatkalpa evaM vyavahAra ina donoM sUtroM ko eka-dUsare kA pUraka mAnA jAtA hai| 'vyavahAra' zabda 'vi' evaM 'ava' upasarga pUrvaka 'ha' dhAtu se 'ghaJ' pratyaya karane para niSpanna hotA hai| 'vi' upasarga vividhatA kA sUcaka hai, 'ava' saMdeha kaa| ha dhAtu se ghaJ pratyaya karane para 'hAra' zabda banatA hai| jo haraNa kriyA kA sUcaka hai ata: vyavahAra kA artha huA jisase vividhasaMzayoM kA haraNa hotA hai vaha vyavahAra hai nAnA saMdehaharaNAd vyavahAra iti sthiti:- kaatyaayn| 'vavahAra suttaM (muni kanhaiyAlAla 'kamala') meM vyavahAra sUtra ke tIna pramukha viSaya batAye gaye haiM- vyavahAra, vyavahArI evaM vyvhrtvy| dasaveM uddezaka meM varNita pAMca vyavahAra sAdhana haiM, zuddhi karane vAle AcAryAdi padavIdhara vyavahArI aura nirgrantha-nirgranthiyA~ vyavahartavya (vyavahAra karane yogya) haiN| vyavahAra kI laukika evaM lokottara ye do vyAkhyAe~ kI gaI haiN| laukika vyAkhyA meM puna: do bheda kiye gae haiM- sAmAnya evaM vishess| dUsare ke sAtha kiyA jAne vAlA vyavahAra sAmAnya hai aura aparAdha karane para rAjya zAsana dvArA ucita daNDa kA nirNaya karanA arthAt nyAya 'vizeSa' hai| lokottara vyAkhyA bhI do prakAra kI hai sAmAnya evaM vishess| eka gaNa kA dUsare gaNa ke sAtha kiyA jAne vAlA vyavahAra 'sAmAnya' hai aura sarvajJa dvArA kathita vidhi se tapa Adi anuSThAna kA vapana evaM usase aticAra janya pApa kA haraNa 'vizeSa' vyavahAra hai (vyavahAra bhASya pIThikA gAthA 4) vyavahAra ke vidhi evaM avidhi ke bheda se do prakAra haiN| avidhi vyavahAra mokSa kA virodhI hai aura vidhi vyavahAra mokSa kA shyogii| ata: sUtra kA viSaya vidhi vyavahAra hai| (vyavahAra bhASya pIThikA gAthA 6) __ vyavahAra sUtra meM 10 uddezaka haiN| 373 anuSTup zloka parimANa vartamAna meM upalabdha mUla pATha hai| 10 uddezakoM meM sUtra saMkhyA kramaza: isa prakAra hai

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m m 0 mmr 0 46 vyavahAra sUtra. 4191 uddezaka sUtra saMkhyA sUtra saMkhyA (vavahAra suttaM-muni kanhaiyAlAla kamala') (trINi chedasUtrANi, byAvara) prathama dvitIya tRtIya caturtha paMcama SaSTha saptama 27 aSTama navama dazama prathama uddezaka sUtra 1 se 18 meM parihAra yogya sthala kA sevana karane para eka mAsa se lekara cha: mAsa taka ke prAyazcitta kA vidhAna kiyA gayA hai| yahAM utkRSTa prAyazcitta cha: mAha isalie batAyA gayA hai, kyoMki jisa tIrthaMkara kA zAsana hotA hai usa tIrthakara ke zAsana meM jitanA tapa utkRSTa mAnA jAtA hai usI ke anusAra unake AjJAnuvartI sAdhu-sAdhviyoM ko utkRSTa tapa kA prAyazcitta diyA jAtA hai| bha. mahAvIra ke zAsana kA utkRSTa tapa 6 mAha hai| prathama sUtra meM batAyA gayA hai ki jo bhikSu yA bhikSuNI eka bAra mAsika parihAra sthAna arthAt tyAgane yogya sthAna kI pratisevanA (AcaraNa) karake doSoM kI AlocanA kare to AcAryAdi mAyArahita AlocanA karane vAle ko eka mAsa kA tathA mAyA sahita AlocanA karane vAle ko do mAsa kA prAyazcitta deN| mAyArahita AlocanA kartA ke lie jo prAyazcitta hai, mAyA sahita AlocanA-kartA ke lie usase eka mAsa adhika prAyazcita kA vidhAna hai| isase spaSTa hotA hai ki saralatA meM hI dharma hai, cAritra zuddhi hai--- sohI ujjuyabhUyassa dhammo suddhassa citttthi| mAyAvI vyakti jyAdA aparAdhI hotA hai, isIlie use jyAdA prAyazcitta diyA jAtA hai| isa taraha kramaza: dvimAsika, trimAsika, cAturmAsika, paMcamAsika parihAra sthAna kI eka yA aneka bAra pratisevanA karane para prAyazcitta kA vidhAna kiyA gayA hai| jisane aneka doSoM kA sevana kiyA ho use kramaza: AlocanA karanI cAhie aura phira sabhI kA sAtha meM prAyazcitta lenA caahie| prAyazcitta karate hue yadi puna: doSa laga jAe to usakA puna: prAyazcitta lenA caahie| ina sUtroM meM yaha bhI batAyA gayA hai ki jo pArihArika hai arthAt parihAra tapa ko vahana karane vAlA hai vaha kisI anya bhikSa se saMbhASaNa nahIM kara sakatA, AhArAdi kA AdAna-pradAna nahIM kara sktaa| kevala kalpAka (prAyazcitta dene vAle

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1420 jinavANI- jainAgama-sAhitya vizeSAGaka | AcAryAdi) vAcanA karA sakate haiM evaM eka bhikSu ko kalpAka hI pArihArika kI vaiyAvRtya ke lie niyukta karate haiN| usa bhikSu ko anupArihArika kahA jAtA hai| ye 18 sUtra nizItha sUtra ke uddezaka 20 ke samAna haiN| sUtra 19 meM batAyA gayA hai ki aneka pArihArika evaM apArihArika bhikSu sthavira kI AjJA ke binA eka sAtha rahanA, baiThanA Adi pravRtti nahIM kara sakate haiN| yadi ve aisA karate haiM to jitane dina kareM utane dinoM kA dIkSA cheda yA parihAra tapa kA prAyazcitta AtA hai| yahAM yaha spaSTa hotA hai ki samUha meM rahakara bhI pArihArika bhikSu akelA kArya karatA hai| samUha meM rahane kA kAraNa yaha ho sakatA hai ki ise dekhakara anya bhikSuoM ko bhaya utpanna ho jisase ve doSa kA sevana na kareM tathA pArihArika bhI kapaTa na karate hue zuddhipUrvaka prAyazcitta kA pAlana kre| sUtra 20,21 va 22 meM prAyazcitta kAla meM vaiyAvRtya hetu vihAra kA vidhAna kiyA gayA hai| pArihArika bhikSu sthavira kI AjJA se kisI rogI sthavira kI sevA ke lie anyatra jA sakatA hai| vihAra meM tapa karane kI zakti na ho to sthavira kI AjJA se tapa chor3akara bhI jA sakatA hai| ina sUtroM meM vaiyAvRtya kI mahattA pratipAdita kI gaI hai| uttarAdhyayana Adi anya jainAgamoM meM bhI vaiyAvRtya kA avasara hone para svAdhyAya Adi pramukha kAryoM ko chor3ane kA nirdeza hai veyAvacce niutteNaM, kAyavvaM agilaayo|- uttarAdhyayana 26.10 mArga meM bhI pArihArika bhikSu ko akAraNa jyAdA nahIM ThaharanA caahie| akAraNa jitane dina ruke utane dina kA dIkSA cheda yA parihAra tapa kA prAyazcitta AtA hai| / sUtra 23 se 25 meM ekAkI vihAra pratimA prAyazcitta kA vidhAna kiyA gayA hai| yadi koI ekalavihArI bhikSu AcArya, upAdhyAya, gaNAvacchedaka puna: gaNa meM Ane kI icchA kare to use yathAyogya prAyazcitta dekara gaNa meM rakha lenA caahie| sUtra 27 se 30 meM pAsatthAdi pAMca prakAra ke bhikSuoM ke prAyazcitta kA vidhAna hai| yadi bhikSu gaNa se nikalakara pArzvastha, yathAcchanda, kuzIla, avasanna yA saMsatta vihAra pratimA ko aMgIkAra kara vicare aura puna: usI gaNa meM AnA cAhe to yadi usakA cAritra kucha zeSa ho aura saMyama pAlana ke bhAva hoM to tapa yA cheda kA prAyazcitta dekara puna: gaNa meM sammilita kara lenA caahie| sUtra 31 meM batAyA hai ki yadi koI bhikSu gaNa se nikala kara parapASaNDa pratimA (anya tIrthiyoM kI vezabhUSA) ko dhAraNa kara vicare aura puna: usI gaNa meM AnA cAhe to use AlocanA ke atirikta aura koI prAyazcitta nahIM diyA jaae| sUtra 32 meM koI bhikSu yadi gaNa se nikala kara gRhastha liMga dhAraNa

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421 vyavahAra sUtra kara le to use naI dIkSA hI dI jAnI caahie| isake atirikta prAyazcitta nahIM AtA hai| sUtra 33 meM batAyA gayA hai ki bhikSu 7 vyaktiyoM ke samakSa apane akRtya sthAna kI AlocanA kara sakatA hai- 1. AcArya ke pAsa 2. unake abhAva meM svagaccha ke bahuzruta ke pAsa 3. unake abhAva meM anya gaccha ke bahuzruta ke pAsa 4. unake abhAva meM sArUpika sAdhu ke pAsa 5. unake abhAva meM pazcAtkRta zramaNopAsaka (jo mahAvrata chor3akara zrAvaka banA ho) ke pAsa 6. unake abhAva meM samyagdRSTi ke pAsa aura 7. unake abhAva meM grAma ke bAhara arihaMta - siddha prabhu kI sAkSI meM / dvitIya uddezaka sUtra 1 se 4 meM vicarane vAle sAdharmikoM ke parihAra tapa kA vidhAna kiyA gayA hai| do sAdharmika sAdhu sAtha vicaraNa kara rahe hoM, unameM se yadi eka akRtya sthAna kA sevana karake AlocanA kare to use prAyazcitta diyA jAve aura dUsarA usakI vaiyAvRtya kre| yadi donoM nirgrantha doSa ke bhAgI hoM to pahale eka kalpAka sthApita ho aura dUsarA tapa kare, kalpAka hI vaiyAvRtya bhI kare / eka kA parihAra tapa pUrNa hone para kalpAka pArihArika sAdhu bane aura pArihArika kalpAka bane / aneka sAdharmika sAdhu sAtha vicara rahe hoM aura koI zramaNa doSa kA sevana kara AlocanA kare to pramukha sthavira prAyazcitta dhAraNa karAve evaM eka bhikSu ko usakI sevA ke lie niyukta kre| sAre sAdharmika akRtya sthAna kA sevana kare to eka kalpAka bane, zeSa pArihArika / bAda meM kalpAka prAyazcitta vahana kare / sUtra 5 meM batAyA gayA hai ki pArihArika bhikSu rogI hone para kisI akRtya sthAna kI pratisevanA kara AlocanA kare to usake lie tIna vikalpa haiM- 1. yadi vaha tapa karane meM samartha ho to tapa rUpa prAyazcitta deve evaM anupArihArika ko sevA meM niyukta kare / 2. tapa karane meM asamartha hone para vaiyAvRtya ke lie anupArihArika bhikSu niyukta kare 3. yadi pArihArika samartha hote hue bhI nirbalatA kA dikhAvA kare anupArihArika bhikSu se sevA karAve to usakA prAyazcitta, pUrva prAyazcitta meM Aropita kre| sUtra 6 se 17 meM 12 prakAra kI vibhinna avasthAoM vAle bhikSuoM kA varNana hai-- 1. parihAra tapa vahana karane vAlA 2. navama prAyazcitta tapa kA sevana karane vAlA 3. dasaveM prAyazcitta tapa kA sevana kartA 4 vikSipta citta se pIr3ita 5. dIptacitta (harSAtireka) se pIr3ita 6. yakSAveza se pIr3ita 7. mohodaya se unmatta 8. upasarga se pIr3ita 9. kaSAya se pIr3ita 10. adhika prAyazcitta dene se bhayabhIta 11. bhakta pAna pratyAkhyAna se pIr3ita tathA 12. dhana ke pralobhana se pIr3ita / ina rugNa bhikSuoM ko gaNa se nikAlane kA niSedha kiyA gayA hai| jaba

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| 422 jinavANI- jainAgama-sAhitya vizeSAGka | taka ve roga se mukta na hoM taba taka unakI aglAna bhAva se sevA karane kA nirdeza diyA gayA hai| bAda meM gaNAvacchedaka usa pArihArika bhikSu ko atyalpa prAyazcitta meM prasthApita kre| sUtra 18 se 22 meM anavasthApya (corI yA mArAmArI karane vAle navama prAyazcitta ke pAtra sAdhu) evaM pArAMcika (dasaveM prAyazcitta ke pAtra) bhikSu ko puna: dIkSita karane kA vidhAna kiyA gayA hai| anavasthApya evaM pArAMcika bhikSu ko gRhastha liMga dhAraNa karavAkara hI puna: saMyama meM upasthApita karane kA nirdeza hai| kadAcit gRhastha liMga ko dhAraNa karAye binA bhI puna: dIkSA denA gaNa ke pramukha ke nirNaya para nirbhara hai| gaNa kA hita jisa taraha karane meM ho vaisA kara sakatA hai| sUtra 23-24 meM batAyA gayA hai ki yadi koI bhikSu anya bhikSu para AkSepa lagAe. aura vivAda pUrNa sthiti ho to spaSTa pramANita hone para hI prAyazcitta denA cAhie, pramANita na hone para svayaM doSI ke doSa svIkArane para hI use prAyazcitta denA caahie| gaNa pramukha ko kabhI bhI eka pakSa ke kathana se hI nirNaya nahIM karanA cAhie, apitu ubhaya pakSa ko sunakara ucita nirNaya karanA caahie| sUtra 25 meM batAyA gayA hai ki ekapakSIya arthAt eka hI AcArya ke pAsa dIkSA aura zruta grahaNa karane vAle bhikSu ko alpa samaya ke lie yA yAvajjIvana AcArya yA upAdhyAya ke pada para sthApita karanA yA dhAraNa karanA kalpatA hai| sUtra 26 se 29 meM pArihArika evaM apArihArikoM ke paraspara AhArasaMbaMdhI vyavahAra kA kathana hai| yadi pArihArika ke sAtha apArihArika eka mAha taka sAtha rahe to 5 dinoM bAda sAtha baiThakara AhAra kara sakate haiM, 2 mAha rahane para 10 dina bAda, isa taraha 6 mAsa sAtha rahane para eka mAsa bAda, sAtha baiThakara AhAra kara sakate haiN| pArihArika ko sthavira kI AjJA se hI AhAra diyA jA sakatA hai tathA pArihArika sthavira kI AjJA hone para hI kabhI donoM pakSoM kI gocarI lA sakatA hai evaM paristhitivaza vigaya sevana kara sakatA hai| AhAra pAtra to alaga alaga hI hone caahie| tRtIya uddezaka sUtra 1 va 2 meM bhikSu ke gaNa dhAraNa kA vidhAna kiyA gayA hai| sUtra jJAna kI yogyatA se yukta paricchanna (AcArAMgAdi sUtroM ke parijJAna se yukta) bhikSu hI gaNapramukha bana sakatA hai, kintu sthaviroM kI AjJA ke binA vaha aisA nahIM kara sktaa| yadi aisA karatA hai to jitane dina gaNanAyaka banatA hai utane hI dina kI dIkSA kA cheda yA parihAra tapa rUpa prAyazcitta kA pAtra hotA hai| usake sAtha vAle sAdhuoM ko yaha prAyazcitta nahIM AtA hai| sUtra 3-4 meM upAdhyAya pada kI yogyatA kA vidhAna hai| 3 varSa kI

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vyavahAra sUtra 423 dIkSA paryAya vAlA, AcAra kuzala, saMyama kuzala, pravacana kuzala, prajJapti kuzala, saMgraha kuzala, akSata cAritra vAlA, bahuzruta aura kama se kama AcAra prakalpa ko dhAraNa karane vAlA upAdhyAya pada ke yogya hai / ina guNoM ke abhAva meM upAdhyAya pada ko dhAraNa nahIM kara sakatA hai| sUtra 5-6 meM AcArya evaM upAdhyAya pada kI yogyatA evaM ayogyatA kA vidhAna kiyA gayA hai| upAdhyAya ke yogya guNoM ke atirikta dIkSA paryAya 5 varSa aura kama se kama AcArAMga, sUtrakRtAMga aura 4 cheda sUtra kaNThastha ho to AcArya pada para niyukta ho sakatA hai| inake abhAva meM nahIM / sUtra 7-8 meM gaNAvacchedaka kI yogyatA kA kathana hai| uparyukta guNa sampanna va 8 varSa kI dIkSA paryAya vAlA tathA pUrvokta Agama sahita sthAnAMga samavAyAMga sUtra ko kaNThastha karane vAlA gaNAvacchedaka pada para niyukti yogya hai| sUtra 9 - 10 meM batAyA gayA hai ki niruddha paryAya (aneka varSoM taka saMyama kA pAlana karake vizeSa kAraNa se svajana saMbaMdhI ke dvArA balapUrvaka bhikSu veSa se mukta hone vAlA) tathA niruddha varSa paryAya (jisa bhikSu kI dIkSA paryAya kevala 3 varSa kI huI hai aura zruta kA adhyayana bhI usakA pUrNa nahIM huA hai, use yadi sambandhI balapUrvaka bhikSuveSa se mukta kara le jAve) bhikSu ko vizeSa paristhiti meM AcArya, upAdhyAya pada para niyukta kiyA jA sakatA hai / isa vidhAna se navadIkSita ko usI dina AcArya banAyA jA sakatA hai| sUtra 11 va 12 meM 40 varSa se kama Ayu vAle evaM 3 varSa kI dIkSA paryAya se kama saMyama vAle sAdhu-sAdhviyoM ko AcArya, upAdhyAya evaM pravartinI ke binA rahane kA niSedha kiyA gayA hai| sUtra 13 se 17 meM batAyA gayA hai ki bhikSugaNa ko chor3akara maithuna sevana kare aura bAda meM puna: dIkSita ho jAe to 3 varSa paryanta AcAryAdi pada denA yA dhAraNa karanA nahIM kalpatA hai / pada chor3e binA maithuna sevana karane para AjIvana pada dhAraNa ke yogya nahIM rahatA hai| sUtra 18 se 22 meM batAyA gayA hai ki yadi koI bhikSu vedamohanIya janya kAmanA se vazIbhUta hokara anya bhikSu ko pada para niyukta kara veza chor3akara anyatra jAkara maithuna sevana kare aura bAda meM puna: vahAM jAkara dIkSita ho jAve to use 3 varSa paryanta pada denA nahIM kalpatA hai / veza chor3e binA akRtya karane para yA anya ko pada bhAra sauMpe binA saMyama chor3akara jAne para yAvajjIvana usa bhikSu ko pada nahIM diyA jA sakatA hai| sUtra 23 se 29 meM batAyA gayA hai ki bahuzruta bhikSu yA AcArya Adi padavIdhara aneka bAra jhUTha-kapaTa Adi apavitra evaM pApakArI kRtya kareM to ve jIvana bhara ke lie sabhI prakAra kI padaviyoM ke sarvathA ayogya ho jAte haiM / caturtha uddezaka

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jinavANI- jainAgama-sAhitya vizeSAGka sUtra 1 se 10 meM AcArya, upAdhyAya tathA gaNAvacchedaka ke varSAvAsa evaM anya samaya meM sAtha rahane vAle bhikSuoM kI saMkhyA kA nirdeza kiyA gayA hai| uparyukta padavIdhara hemanta va grISma Rtu meM akele vihAra nahIM kara sakate, AcArya evaM upAdhyAya eka anya sAdhu ke sAtha tathA gaNAvacchedaka do anya sAdhuoM ke sAtha vihAra kara sakate haiM / varSAvAsa meM kramazaH 2 va 3 sAdhuoM ke sAtha raha sakate haiN| yahAM yaha bhI vidhAna hai ki aneka padavIdhara bhI uparyukta sAdhu saMkhyA apanI apanI nezrAya meM rakhate hue hI sAtha-sAtha vicaraNa yA varSAvAsa kreN| 424 sUtra 11 va 12 meM AcArya Adi viziSTa padavIdhara ke kAla karane para zeSa sAdhuoM ke karttavyoM kA vidhAna kiyA gayA hai| jo bhikSu usa gaNa meM viziSTa pada ke yogya ho use hI pada para sthApita karanA cAhie, yogya na hone para zIghra hI yogya sAdhuoM ke pAsa yA anya AcArya Adi ke samakSa pahuMcanA caahie| sUtra 13 va 14 meM rugNa AcArya yA saMyama tyAga karake jAne vAle AcArya Adi ke Adeza anusAra yogya bhikSu ko AcAryAdi pada dene kA vidhAna kiyA gayA hai / yadi ayogya ho aura use koI gItArtha bhikSu yaha kaha deve ki tuma isa pada ko chor3a do aura vaha na chor3e to jitane dina na chor3e utane dina kA dIkSA cheda yA parihAra tapa ke prAyazcitta kA pAtra hotA hai| sUtra 15 se 17 meM navadIkSita bhikSu ke yogya hone para (kalpAka) 11 dina meM use bar3I dIkSA de denI caahie| usakA ullaMghana karane para AcArya upAdhyAya ko jitane dina ullaMghana kare utane dina kA cheda prAyazcitta AtA hai| yadi navadIkSita ke sAtha mAnanIya mAtA-pitA Adi ne bhI dIkSA lI ho aura ve taba taka SaDjIvanikAya kA adhyayana pUrNa na kara pAyeM hoM to mAnanIya vyakti ko jyeSTha rakhane ke lie kalpAka kI bar3I dIkSA roke, kalpAka evaM mAnanIya vyaktiyoM ko sAtha bar3I dIkSA deve to ve prAyazcitta ke pAtra nahIM hote haiN| sUtra 18 meM viziSTa jJAna prApti ke lie yadi koI bhikSu apanA gaNa chor3akara anya gaNa meM jAve aura use anya bhikSu pUche ki tuma kisakI dekharekha meM vicara rahe ho to usake gaNa meM jo dIkSA meM sabase bar3A ho usakA nAma khe| usake bAda Avazyaka hone para sabase adhika bahuzruta bhikSu kA nAma leve| sUtra 19 meM aneka sAdharmika sAdhu eka sAtha abhinicarikA (gocarI ke samaya pUrva gocarI jAnA yA anya kSetra meM gocarI jAnA) karanA cAheM to sthavira kI AjJA lenA Avazyaka hai| AjJA na lene para jitane dina aisA kare utane dina ke dIkSA-cheda yA parihAra prAyazcitta ke pAtra hote haiN| sUtra 20 se 23 meM praviSTa evaM nivRtta abhinicarikA vAle AjJAprApta

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425 vyavahAra sUtra bhikSu ke vinaya - vyavahAra kA kathana kiyA gayA hai| maryAdita dinoM se pUrva AcArya Adi mila jAveM to pUrva AjJA se hI vicaraNa karanA cAhie, kintu maryAdita dinoM (4-5 ) ke bAda abhinicarikA ke lie puna: AjJA lenI Avazyaka hai| sUtra 24-25 meM sAtha rahane vAle bhikSuoM ke sAtha vinaya vyavahAra kA kathana hai| adhika dIkSA paryAya vAlA bhikSu kama dIkSA paryAya vAle bhikSu kI sevA, icchA ho to kare, icchA na ho to na kare, para rogI ho to sevA karanA anivArya hai| dIkSA paryAya meM choTe bhikSu ko jyeSTha bhikSu kI sevA karanA anivArya hai| jyeSTha sahayoga na lenA cAhe to Avazyaka nahIM / sUtra 26 se 32 meM batAyA gayA hai ki aneka bhikSu, aneka AcArya, upAdhyAya Adi sAtha-sAtha vivacaraNa kareM to unheM paraspara samAna banakara nahIM rahanA cAhie, apitu jo dIkSA meM jyeSTha ho usI ko pramukha mAnanA caahie| paMcama uddezaka sUtra 1 se 10 meM nirdezita kiyA gayA hai ki pravartinI kama se kama do sAdhviyoM ko lekara vihAra kare evaM 3 sAdhviyoM ke sAtha cAturmAsa kare / gaNAvacchedikA ke liye uparyukta nirdiSTa sAdhviyoM meM kramazaH eka-eka saMkhyA bar3hAne kA nirdeza hai| sUtra 11-12 meM pramukha sAdhvI ke kAla karane para zeSa sAdhviyoM meM se yogya sAdhvI ko pramukhA banAkara vicaraNa karane kA nirdeza hai| yogya na hone para zIghra hI anya saMghAr3e meM mila jAne kA vidhAna hai| sUtra 13 - 14 meM kahA gayA hai ki pravartinI ke Adeza anusAra yogya sAdhvI ko padavI denI caahie| yogya na hone para anya ko padavI dI jA sakatI hai| ayogya sAdhvI ko yadi anya sAdhviyA~ pada chor3ane kA na kaheM to ve sabhI sAdhviyA~ dIkSA cheTa yA tapa prAyazcitta kI pAtra hotI haiN| sUtra 15 -16 meM batAyA gayA hai ki yadi koI sAdhu yA sAdhvI pramAdavaza AcArAMga va nizItha sUtra vismRta karatA hai to vaha jIvanaparyanta kisI bhI pada ke yogya nahIM hotaa| rogAdi ke kAraNa uparyukta sUtra vismRta hue hoM to punaH kaNThastha karane ke bAda use pada diyA jA sakatA hai| sUtra 17 -18 meM kathana hai ki vRddhAvasthA prApta bhikSu ko yadi AcAra prakalpa adhyayana vismRta ho jAe to punaH kaNThastha kare yA na kare to bhI unheM pada diyA jA sakatA hai| ve sote-sote, baiThe-baiThe (ArAma se ) bhI sUtra kI punarAvRtti, zravaNa yA pRcchA kara sakate haiN| sUtra 19 meM nirdezita hai ki vizeSa paristhiti ke binA sAdhu-sAdhvI ko paraspara AlocanA prAyazcitta nahIM karanA caahie| sUtra 20 meM paraspara sevA kArya kA bhI niSedha kiyA gayA hai| sUtra 21 meM rAtri meM sarpa kATane para sthavirakalpI bhikSu ko cikitsA karAnA kalpatA hai / upacAra karavAne para bhI ve prAyazcitta ke bhAgI nahIM hote haiM / jinakalpI ko upacAra karAnA nahIM kalpatA hai|

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1426 mA jinavANI- jainAgama-sAhitya vizeSAGaka] SaSTha uddezaka sUtra 1 meM batAyA gayA hai ki bhikSu sthavira kI AjJA lekara hI sva-jJAtijanoM ke yahAM gocarI ke lie jaave| AjJA ke binA jAne para prAyazcitta ke pAtra hote haiN| alpazruta va agItArtha bhikSu ko jJAtijanoM ke yahAM akele jAnA nahIM kalpatA hai| gItArtha bhikSu ke sAtha hI jAnA kalpatA hai| vahAM pahu~cane se pUrva jo vastu banI hai vahI lenI cAhie, bAda meM banI vastu nahIM lenI caahie| sUtra 2-3 meM AcArya Adi ke atizaya kA ullekha kiyA gayA hai| AcArya evaM upAdhyAya ke pAMca atizaya haiM1. donoM upAzraya ke bhItara pairoM kI raja sApha kara sakate haiN| 2. malamUtra tyAga kara sakate haiM 3. unakA sevA kArya aicchika hotA hai| 4-5 upAzraya ke bAhara evaM bhItara vizeSa kAraNa se eka-do rAta akele raha sakate haiN| gaNAvacchedaka ke do atizaya haiM- 1-2 upAzraya ke bAhara evaM bhItara eka-do rAta akele raha sakate haiN| sUtra 4-5 meM kahA gayA hai ki aneka agItArtha bhikSuoM ko AcAraprakalpa- dhara ke binA eka sAtha rahanA nahIM kalpatA hai| yadi rahe to prAyazcitta tapa ke pAtra hote haiN| paristhitivaza yogya upAzraya meM 1-2 rAta raha sakate haiN| sUtra 6-7 meM batAyA gayA hai ki bahuzruta evaM gItArtha bhikSu aneka dvAra vAle upAzraya meM akelA nahIM raha sakatA, apitu eka dvAra vAle upAzraya meM donoM samaya dharma jAgaraNA karate hue akelA raha sakatA hai| sUtra 8-9 meM kathana hai ki jahAM para aneka strI-puruSa maithuna sevana karate haiM unheM dekhakara zramaNa hastakarma aura maithuna sevana karake zukra pudgaloM ko nikAle to kramaza: gurumAsika aura guru caumAsI prAyazcitta AtA hai| sUtra 10-11 meM anya gaNa se Aye hue zithilAcArI bhikSu-bhikSuNI kI cAritra zuddhi karake sammilita karane kA vidhAna kiyA gayA hai| saptama uddezaka sUtra 1-2 meM nirdeza hai ki pravartinI anya gaNa se AI huI saMkliSTa cittavAlI sAdhvI ko AcArya Adi kI AjJA ke binA tathA usake doSoM kI zuddhi karAye binA apanI nezrAya meM nahIM rakha sakatI hai aura ukta sAdhvI AcArya Adi ke pAsa Aye to pravartinI se pUche binA bhI ve nirNaya le sakate sUtra 3-4 meM batAyA gayA hai ki yadi koI sAdhu yA sAdhvI bAra-bAra zithilAcaraNa kare to usake sAtha sAmbhogika vyavahAra baMda kiyA jA sakatA hai| aisA karane ke lie sAdhviyA~ AcArya Adi ke pAsa paraspara pratyakSa vArtA

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vyavahAra sUtra kA 427 1 nahIM kara sakatI, kintu sAdhu pratyakSa bAta kara sakate haiN| yadi zithilAcArI sAdhu evaM sAdhvI pazcAttApa kare to sAmbhogika vyavahAra banda karanA nahIM kalpatA hai| sUtra 5 se 8 meM dIkSA dene, na dene kA vidhAna kiyA gayA hai| sAdhu apane lie sAdhvI ko aura sAdhvI apane lie sAdhu ko dIkSita nahIM kara sakate haiM, apitu sAdhu, kisI anya sAdhvI kI ziSyA banane kA nirdeza kara sakatA hai tathA isI taraha sAdhvI bhI nirdeza kara sakatI hai| satra 9 va 10 kA anavAda do prakAra se kiyA gayA hai-1 sAdhvI ati dUrastha AcArya evaM pravartinI kI nizrA svIkAra karake dIkSA na leve, kintu sAdhu dUrastha AcArya Adi kI nizrA svIkAra karake dIkSita ho sakatA hai-(trINichedasUtrANi, byaavr)| 2. sAdhvI ko atidUrastha kSetra kI ora jAnA nahIM kalpatA hai, jabaki sAdhu jA sakate haiM (vavahArasutta-muni kanhaiyAlAla 'kamala') sUtra 11-12 meM kathana hai ki yadi koI sAdhvI, anya sAdhvI se kSamAyAcanA karanA cAhatI hai to vaha parokSa kSamAyAcanA kara sakatI hai, kintu sAdhu ko pratyakSa kSamAyAcanA karanA jarUrI hai| sUtra 13-14 meM nirdiSTa hai ki kAlika sUtra kI svAdhyAya velA meM utkAlika sUtra kA svAdhyAya karanA sAdhu ke lie akalpanIya hai, kintu sAdhvI nirgrantha kI nezrAya meM svAdhyAya kara sakatI hai| sUtra 15-16 meM nirgrantha-nirgranthiyoM ko svAdhyAya velA meM hI svAdhyAya karane kA nirdeza diyA gayA hai, asvAdhyAya kAla meM svAdhyAya nahIM karane kA nirdeza hai| sUtra 17 meM zarIra saMbaMdhI asvAdhyAya hone para svAdhyAya na karane kA nirdeza hai| kintu sAdhu-sAdhvI paraspara vAcanA de sakate haiN| sUtra 18-19 meM batAyA gayA hai ki 30 varSa taka dIkSA paryAya vAlI sAdhvI ko 3 varSa ke zramaNa paryAya vAle nirgrantha ko upAdhyAya ke rUpa meM svIkAra karanA kalpatA hai aura 60 varSa kI dIkSA paryAya vAlI sAdhvI ko AcArya yA upAdhyAya ke rUpa meM 5 varSa ke dIkSA paryAya vAle nirgrantha ko svIkAra karanA kalpatA hai, kintu binA AcArya evaM upAdhyAya ke rahanA nahIM kalpatA hai| sUtra 21-22 meM nirdeza hai ki yadi zayyAtara makAna beca deve yA kirAye para de deve to sthiti ke anusAra pUrva svAmI yA naye svAmI yA donoM kI AjJA lI jA sakatI hai| sUtra 23 ke anusAra gRhasvAmI ke na hone para jJAtakulavAsinI vidhavA lar3akI gRhasvAmI ke pitA, bhAI yA putra kI AjJA lekara nirgrantha upAzraya meM Thahara sakatA hai| sUtra 24 meM kathana hai ki yadi mArga meM ThaharanA par3e to vahAM

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428 jinavANI- jainAgama-sAhitya vizeSAGka - vidyamAna vyakti kI AjJA lekara hI ThaharanA caahie| sUtra 25- - 26 meM rAjya vyavasthA parivartita hone para usa rAjya meM vicaraNa karane ke lie sAdhu sAdhvI ko puna: AjJA lenI caahie| aSTama uddezaka sUtra 1 meM sAdhu ko nirdeza hai ki vaha sthavira guru kI AjJA se hI zayanAsana grahaNa kre| sUtra 2 se 4 meM zayyAsaMstAraka lAne kI vidhi kA ullekha hai / zayyAsaMstAraka halakA evaM eka hAtha se uThAyA jA sake aisA lAnA cAhie / 3 dina taka eka hI bastI meM gaveSaNA karake lAyA jA sakatA hai / vRddhAvasthA meM kAma AyegA isa prayojana se lAne para 5 dina taka gaveSaNA kI jA sakatI hai evaM dUra se bhI lAyA jA sakatA hai| sUtra 5 meM ekala vihArI sthavira ko apane bhaNDopakaraNa kisI ko sambhalA kara gocarI jAnA kalpatA hai aura puna: lauTane para usakI AjJA se grahaNa karanA kalpatA hai| sUtra 6 se 9 meM batAyA gayA hai ki nirgrantha nirgranthI ko zayyAsaMstAraka anyatra le jAnA ho to vaha svAmI se puna: AjJA prApta kre| yadi kucha samaya ke lie zayyAsaMstAraka diyA ho to bhI puna: AjJA prApta kare / sUtra 10 - 11 meM kahA hai ki pahale zayyA saMstAraka grahaNa karane kI AjJA leve phira grahaNa kre| jahAM muzkila se zayyA milatI ho vahAM pahale grahaNa kiyA jA sakatA hai phira AjJA lI jA sakatI hai| svAmI yadi anukUla na ho to anukUla vacanoM se AcArya Adi usako anukUla kare / sUtra 12 se 15 meM gire hue yA vismRta upakaraNa grahaNa kA vidhAna kiyA gayA hai| nirgrantha kisI kAryavaza bAhara jAve taba usakA upakaraNa gira jAve aura anya sAdharmika zramaNa ko dikhe to usa upakaraNa ko lete samaya yaha bhAvanA rakhe ki jisakA hai use de dUMgA aura use de deve, yadi koI bhI bhikSu usa upakaraNa ko apanA na kahe to use paraTha deve, apane pAsa na rkhe| sUtra 16 meM sUcanA hai ki yadi atirikta pAtra grahaNa kiye haiM to jinake lie grahaNa kiye hai unheM hI denA kalpatA hai / sUtra 17 meM UnodarI tapa ke bAre meM batAyA gayA hai I navama uddezaka sUtra 1 se 8 meM zayyAtara ke yahAM atithi, naukara, dAsa, preSya Adi ke lie AhAra banA ho aura unheM pUrNa rUpa se de diyA gayA ho, usameM se bhikSu le sakatA hai, kintu zayyAtara ko vApasa AhAra lauTAne kI sthiti ho to AhAra lenA nahIM kalpatA hai| sUtra 9 se 16 meM kathana hai ki zayyAtara kA aisA svajana jisakA sampUrNa kharca zayyAtara detA ho, vaha alaga bhojana banAye to bhI bhikSu ko vaha AhAra lenA nahIM kalpatA hai /

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vyavahAra sUtra M ETRE 429 sUtra 17 se 36 ke anusAra zayyAtara kA bhAgIdAra yadi bhAgIdArI vAlI vastu deve to use lenA bhikSu ke lie akalpanIya hai| binA bhAgIdArI vastu le sakatA hai| yadi baMTavArA ho gayA ho to bhI vastu lI jA sakatI hai| sUtra 37 se 40 ke anusAra saptasaptamikA (49 dina rAta meM 196 bhikSA dattiyAM) aSTa-aSTamikA (64 dina rAta meM 288 bhikSAdattiyAM) navanavamikA (81 dina rAta meM 405 bhikSA dattiyAM) ina cAra pratimAoM kA ArAdhana sAdhu-sAdhvI donoM hI kara sakate haiN| sUtra 41-42 meM do bhikSu pratimAoM kA varNana kiyA gayA hai| svamUtra pIne kI choTI va bar3I prasravaNa pratimA kramaza: 7 va 8 upavAsa se pUrNa kI jAtI hai| upavAsa ke dinoM meM zuddha mUtra dina meM pIyA jA sakatA hai, rAtri meM nhiiN| sUtra 43-44 meM datti kA svarUpa batAyA gayA hai| eka bAra meM jitanA AhAra akhaNDa dhAra se diyA jAe vaha eka datti kahalAtA hai| sUtra 45 meM tIna prakAra ke khAdya padArtha batAye gae haiM- 1. phalitopahata (miSThAnna, namakIna Adi) 2. zuddhopahRta (cane, phUlI Adi) 3. saMsRSTopahRta ( roTI, bhAta, khicar3I Adi) sUtra 46 meM avagRhIta AhAra ke tIna prakAroM kA ullekha hai- 1. parosane ke lie grahaNa kiyA 2. parosane ke lie le jAtA huA 3. bartana meM parosA jAtA huaa| kucha AcArya do prakAra kA bhI ullekha karate haiM- 1. parosane ke lie grahaNa kiyA jAtA huA 2. bartana meM parosA huaa| dazama uddezaka sUtra 1 va 2 meM yavamadhya candrapratimA va vajamadhyacandrapratimA kA varNana hai| viziSTa saMhanana vAle hI ina pratimAoM ko svIkAra karate haiN| inakI samayAvadhi eka-eka mAsa hotI hai| ina pratimAoM ko svIkAra karane vAlA eka mAsa taka zarIra ke parikarma evaM mamatva se rahita hotA hai| use anukUla evaM pratikUla donoM upasarga evaM parISaha hote haiN| ina pratimAoM meM AhAra pAnI kI (dattiyoM kI) hAni-vRddhi kI jAtI hai| jahAM AhAra kI AkAMkSA karane vAle sabhI dvipada-catuSpada AhAra le lauTa gae hoM, jahAM eka hI vyakti AhAra kara rahA ho vahIM se AhAra liyA jA sakatA hai| jahAM aneka vyakti bhojana kara rahe hoM, garbhiNI strI ho, bacce vAlI ho usase AhAra lenA nahIM kalpatA hai| jisake donoM paira dehalI ke andara yA bAhara hoM usase AhAra lenA bhI nahIM kalpatA hai| sUtra 3 meM pAMca prakAra ke vyavahAra kA nirUpaNa kiyA gayA hai- pacavihe vavahAre paNNatte, taMjahA- Agame, sue, ANA, dhAraNA, jiie| arthAt 1. Agama vyavahAra 2. zrutavyavahAra 3. AjJA vyavahAra 4. dhAraNA vyavahAra aura 5. jIta vyavahAra- ina pAMca meM se jisa samaya jo vyavahAra upalabdha ho usa samaya usI se kramaza: vyavahAra karanA caahie| jo zramaNa nintha madhyastha bhAva

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[430 jinavANI- jainAgama-sAhitya vizeSAka se usa upalabdha vyavahAra ko karatA hai vaha jinAjJA kA ArAdhaka hotA hai| zramaNa Agama vyavahAra kI pramukhatA vAle hote haiN| bhASyakAra vyavahAra sUtra kA mUla pATha yahIM taka mAnate haiN| sUtra 4 se 37 taka ke sUtra vyavahAra sUtra kI cUlikA rUpa haiN| sUtra 4 se 8 meM saMyamI puruSa kI pAMca caubhaMgiyA kahI gaI haiN| pratyeka puruSa meM guNa bhinna-bhinna hote haiN| inameM guNoM aura mAna ko saMbaMdhita karake batAyA gayA hai| jo sAdhu gaNa ke lie kArya karake bhI abhimAna nahIM karate ve utkRSTa haiN| kArya nahIM karane para abhimAna karate haiM ve nikRSTa haiN| jo mAna va kArya donoM karate haiM ve madhyama aura jo na mAna karate haiM na kArya ve sAmAnya haiN| sUtra 9 se 11 meM dharmadRr3hatA kI caubhaMgiyA kahI gaI haiN| sUtra 12 se 15 meM AcArya evaM ziSyoM ke prakAra kA nirUpaNa kiyA gayA hai| ina caubhaMgiyoM meM guru evaM ziSya se saMbaMdhita viSayoM kA kathana hai| sUtra 16 meM vaya sthavira (60 varSa kI Ayu vAlA), zruta sthavira (sthAnAMga- samavAyAMga kA dhAraka) evaM paryAya sthavira (20 varSa kI dIkSA paryAya vAlA), sthavira ke ina tIna prakAroM kA kathana hai| sUtra 17 meM bar3I dIkSA dene kA kAlapramANa batAyA gayA hai- utkRSTa, madhyama va jaghanya kAla pramANa kramaza: 6 mAsa, 4 mAsa va 7 rAtri kA hai| sUtra 18 meM nirdeza hai ki 8 varSa se kama umra vAle bAlaka ko bar3I dIkSA nahIM denI caahie| sUtra 20-21 meM nirdeza hai ki 16 varSa se kama umra vAle bAlaka ko AcAra prakalpa kA adhyayana nahIM karAnA caahie| sUtra 22 se 36 meM dIkSA paryAya ke sAtha Agama adhyayana krama batAyA gayA hai, jo isa prakAra haidIkSA paryAya Agama adhyayana AcArAMga, nizItha 4 varSa sUtrakRtAMga dazAkalpa, vyavahAra sUtra 8 varSa sthAnAMga, samavAyAMga 10 varSa vyAkhyA prajJapti kSullikA vimAna pravibhakti, mahallikA vimAna pravibhakti, aMgacUlikA, vargacalikA va vyAkhyA prajJapti clikaa| 12 varSa aruNopapAta, garuDopapAta, dharaNopapAta, vaizramaNopapAta, velandharopapAta 13 varSa utthAna zruta, samutthAna zruta, devendropapAta, nAgapariyApanikA 14 varSa svapna bhAvanA 3 varSa 5 varSa 11 varSa

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vyavahAra sUtra 15 varSa cAraNa bhAvanA, 16 varSa tejonisarga 17 varSa AzIviSa bhAvanA 18 varSa dRSTiviSa bhAvanA 19 varSa dRSTivAda 20 varSa kI dIkSA paryAya vAlA zramaNa sarvazrutAnuvAdI ho jAtA hai| sUtra 37 meM ullekha hai ki AcArya, upAdhyAya, sthavira, tapasvI, zaikSa, glAna, sAdharmika, kula, gaNa tathA saMgha ina dasa kI vaiyAvRtya karane se zramaNa mahAnirjarA evaM mahAparyavasAna vAlA hotA hai| ___ isa prakAra vyavahAra sUtra aneka vizeSatAoM ko lie hue hai| isameM zramaNa jIvana meM lagane vAle doSa evaM prAyazcitta kA vidhAna to hai hI, sAtha hI vinaya, vaiyAvRtya, svAdhyAya, UnodarI tapa, saMgha-vyavasthA ke niyama Adi aneka viSayoM kA vivecana bhI kiyA gayA hai| vyavahAra sUtra para vyAkhyA sAhitya bhI likhA gayA hai- vyavahAra bhASya, vyavahAra cUrNi, vyavahAra vRtti Adi pramukha vyAkhyA sAhitya hai| saMdarbha grantha 1. trINi chedasUtrANi- Agama prakAzana samiti, byAvara 2. vavahAra suttaM- muni kanhaiyAlAla 'kamala' 3. chedasUtra eka parizIlana- AcArya devendra muni 4. jainAgama navanIta (puSpa 7 se 12)-Agama manISI tiloka muni -suputrI zrI pukharAja boharA boharo kI pola , mahilA bAga, jodhapura

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nizItha sUtra zrI lAlacandra jaina nizIthasUtra kI gaNanA chedasUtroM meM hotI hai| isameM zramaNAcAra ke ApavAdika niyamoM evaM unakI prAyazcitta vidhi kI vizeSa carcA hai| yaha sUtra vizeSa jAnakArI hetu hI yogya sAdhuoM ko par3hAyA jAtA thA, sarvapaThanIya nahIM thA, kyoMki una niyamoM kI jAnakArI pramukha saMtoM ko hI honI Avazyaka thii| aba to isa para bhASya, cUrNi Adi kA bhI prakAzana ho gayA hai| variSTha svAdhyAyI zrI lAlacandra jI jaina ne prastuta Alekha meM nizItha sUtra para prakAza DAlA hai I -sampAdaka upalabdha AgamoM meM cAra AgamoM ko cheda sUtra kI saMjJA dI gaI hai| yaha saMjJA AgamakAlIna nahIM hai / caturdazapUrvI bhadrabAhu svAmI se pUrva bhI jinazAsana ke pratyeka sAdhu-sAdhvI ke liye AcArakalpa adhyayana ko kaMThastha karanA Avazyaka thaa| usa AcArakalpa adhyayana kA paricaya sUtroM meM jo milatA hai, vaha vartamAna meM upalabdha nizItha sUtra kA hI paricAyaka hai| isase spaSTa hotA hai ki AgamoM meM nizItha ko AcArAMga sUtra kA hI vibhAga mAnA gayA hai| AcArAMga meM AcAraprakalpa adhyayana kA jo maulika nAma nizItha thA, vahI prasiddha ho gayA aura naMdIsUtra ke racanAkAra devarddhigaNi kSamAzramaNa ne usI nAma ko sthAna diyaa| isase nizItha sUtra kI prAcInatA bhI siddha hotI hai| isakA racanAkAla AcArAMga jitanA hI purAnA hai / anivArya kAraNoM se yA binA kAraNa hI saMyama kI maryAdAoM ko bhaMga karake yadi koI svayaM AlocanA karake prAyazcitta grahaNa kare to kisa doSa kA kitanA prAyazcita hotA hai, yaha isa chedasUtra kA pramukha pratipAdya hai| atikrama, vyatikrama evaM aticAra kI zuddha AlocanA aura micchAmidukkaDaM ke alpa prAyazcitta se ho jAtI hai| anAcAra doSa ke sevana kA hI nizItha sUtra meM prAyazcitta pratipAdita hai / yaha sthavira kalpI sAmAnya sAdhuoM kI maryAdA hai| yaha Agama aba itanA gopanIya nahIM raha gayA hai| tIrthaMkaroM ke samaya meM bhI aMga zAstroM kA sAdhu-sAdhvI, zrAvaka-zrAvikA, caturvidha saMgha adhyayana karatA thaa| caudaha pUrvI bhadrabAhu svAmI ne bhI AcAraprakalpa adhyayana ko atyadhika mahattva diyA hai| pratyeka yuvA saMta-satI ko yaha kaMThastha honA cAhie, isase isakI atigopanIyatA samApta ho jAtI hai| kAlAMtara meM Agama-lekhana evaM prakAzana yuga aayaa| deza-videzoM meM inakI pratiyoM kA pracAra huA, ataH gopanIyatA aba kevala kathana mAtra ke liye raha gii| yogya sAdhu-sAdhvI ke liye cheda sUtra gopanIya nahIM hai, balki inake adhyayana binA sAdhaka kI sAdhanA adhUrI hai, paMgu hai, paravaza hai / inake sUkSmatama adhyayana ke binA saMgha vyavasthA pUrNa aMdhakAramaya ho jaayegii|

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|nizItha sUtratA 433 AcArya devavAcaka ne naMdIsUtra meM Agama-sAhitya ko do bhAgoM meM bAMTA hai- aMgapraviSTa aura aNgbaahy| chedasUtra aMgabAhya hai| isameM jaina sAdhusAdhviyoM ke jIvana se saMbaMdhita AcAra viSayaka niyamoM kA vistRta vivecana hai| zramaNa jIvana kI pavitratA banAye rakhane ke liye hI cheda sUtroM kA nirmANa huA hai| ye niyama svayaM bhagavAna mahAvIra dvArA nirUpita haiN| cheda sUtroM meM nizItha kA pramukha sthAna hai| nizItha kA artha hI aprakAzya hai| yaha sUtra apavAdabahula hai, isaliye saba ko nahIM paDhAyA jAtA thaa| nizItha kA adhyayana vahI sAdhu kara sakatA hai, jo tIna varSa kA dIkSita ho aura gAMbhIrya Adi guNoM se yukta ho| praur3hatva kI dRSTi se kama se kama solaha varSa kA sAdhu hI isakA pAThaka ho sakatA hai| eka vicAradhArA ke anusAra nizItha sUtra aMgapraviSTa ke aMtargata AtA hai, anya cheda sUtra aMgabAhya haiN| paMDita dalasukhabhAI mAlavaNiyA ne 'nizItha : eka adhyayana' meM likhA hai ki yaha sUtra kisI samaya AcArAMga ke antargata rahA hogA, kintu eka samaya aisA bhI AyA ki nizItha ko AcArAMga se pRthak kara diyA gyaa| yaha bhI smaraNa rakhanA cAhiye ki nizItha AcArAMga kI aMtima cUlikA ke rUpa meM thA, mUla meM nhiiN| nizItha cUrNi meM spaSTa hai ki isake kartA artha kI dRSTi se tIrthakara haiM aura sUtra kI dRSTi se gaNadhara haiN| digambara mAnyatA digambara granthoM meM nizItha ke sthAna para 'nisIhiyA' zabda kA prayoga huA hai| gommaTasAra meM bhI yahI zabda prApta hotA hai| isakA saMskRta rUpa niSIdhikA hotA hai| gommaTasAra kI TIkA meM nisIhiyA kA saMskRta rUpa niSIdhikA kiyA hai| AcArya jinasena ne harivaMzapurANa meM nizItha ke liye niSadhaka zabda kA vyavahAra kiyA hai| tattvArthabhASya meM 'nisIha' zabda kA saMskRta rUpa "nizItha' mAnA hai| niyuktikAra ko bhI yahI artha abhipreta hai| isa prakAra zvetAmbara sAhitya ke abhimatAnusAra nisIha kA saMskRta rUpa 'nizItha' aura usakA artha aprakAzya hai| digambara sAhitya kI dRSTi se nisIhiyA kA saMskRta rUpa nizIdhikA hai aura usakA artha prAyazcitta zAstra yA pramAda doSa kA niSedha karane vAlA zAstra hai| saMkSepa meM sAra yaha hai ki nizItha kA artha rahasyamaya yA gopanIya hai| jaise rahasyamaya vidyA, maMtra, taMtra, yoga Adi anadhikArI yA aparipakva buddhi vAle vyaktiyoM ko nahIM batAte, unase chipA kara gopya rakhA jAtA hai, vaise hI nizItha sUtra bhI gopya hai| vaha bhI pratyeka vyakti ke samakSa udghATita nahIM kiyA jA sktaa| aitihAsika dRSTi . aitihAsika dRSTi se paryavekSaNa karane para yaha bhI sahaja jJAta hotA hai ki bhAratavarSa meM usa samaya jo bhikSu saMgha the, unameM isa prakAra kI pravRttiyAM

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1434 jinavANI- jainAgama-sAhitya vizeSAGaka pracalita rahI hoNgii| sAdhu-sAdhvI kahIM dekhA-dekhI ina pravRttiyoM ko na apanA leM, isa dRSTi se zramaNa-zramaNiyoM ko niSedha kiyA tathA kadAcit apanA leM to unake prAyazcitta kA bhI vidhAna kiyA gyaa| isa prakAra nizItha meM vividha dRSTiyoM se niSedha aura prAyazcitta vidhiyA~ pratipAdita kI gaI haiN| pratyAkhyAna nAmaka nauveM pUrva se nizItha kA ni!haNa huA hai| usa pUrva meM bIsa vastu hai arthAt bIsa arthAdhikAra haiN| unameM tIsarI vastu kA nAma AcAra hai| AcAra ke bhI bIsa upavibhAga haiN| bIsaveM prAbhRtaccheda se nizItha kA ni!haNa kiyA gayA isa prakAra AcArya jinadAsagaNi mahattara ke anusAra nizItha ke kartA artha kI dRSTi se tIrthakara aura sUtra kI dRSTi se gaNadhara siddha hote haiN| prazna uThatA hai ki bhadrabAhu ko paMcakalpacUrNikAra ne nizItha kA kartA kaise mAnA hai? isakA samAdhAna dazAzrutaskaMdha niyukti meM hai| yahAM para niyuktikAra ne likhA hai ki prastuta dazAe~ aMgapraviSTa AgamoM meM prApta dazAoM se laghu haiM ziSyoM ke anugraha hetu ina laghu dazAoM kA ni!haNa sthaviroM ne kiyA paMcakalpabhASya cUrNi ke anusAra ve sthavira bhadrabAhu haiN| saMkSepa meM hama yoM kaha sakate haiM ki artha ke prarUpaka tIrthakara, sUtra ke racayitA gaNadhara aura vartamAna saMkSipta rUpa ke nirmAtA bhadrabAhu svAmI haiN| vIra nirvANa ke 175 varSa ke bIca nizItha kA nirmANa ho cukA thA, aisA asaMdigdha rUpa se kahA jA sakatA hai nizIthAdhyayana meM bIsa uddezaka haiM aura 1426 sUtroM meM prAyazcitta kA vidhAna nizItha kA AdhAra aura viSaya varNana nizItha AcArAMga kI pAMcavIM cUlA hai| ise eka svataMtra adhyayana bhI kahate haiN| isIliye isakA dUsarA nAma nizIthAdhyayana bhI hai| isameM bIsa uddezaka haiN| pahale ke 19 uddezakoM meM prAyazcitta kA vidhAna hai aura bIsave uddezaka meM prAyazcitta dene kI prakriyA pratipAdita kI gaI hai| utsarga aura apavAda mArga jaina sAdhanA rUpI saritA ke do kinAre haiM, eka utsarga aura dUsarA apvaad| utsarga mArga kA artha hai AMtarika jIvana, cAritra aura sadguNoM kI rakSA, zuddhi aura abhivRddhi ke liye pramukha sAmAnya niyamoM kA vidhAna aura apavAda kA artha hai AMtarika jIvana Adi kI rakSA hetu usakI zuddhi eva vRddhi ke liye vizeSa niyamoM kA vidhAna / utsarga aura apavAda donoM kA lakSya eka hai- sAdhaka ko upAsanA ke patha para Age bddh'aanaa| sAmAnya sAdhaka ke mana meM vicAra ho sakatA hai ki jaba utsarga aura apavAda donoM kA lakSya eka hai to phira do rUpa kyoM? __jaina saMskRti ke marmajJa manISiyoM ne mAnava kI zArIrika aura mAnasika durbalatA ko lakSya meM rakhakara tathA saMgha ke utkarSa ko dhyAna me

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nizItha sUtra 43] rakhakara utsarga aura apavAda kA nirUpaNa kiyA hai| bhASyakAra likhate haiM ki samartha sAdhaka ke liye utsarga sthiti meM jina dravyoM kA niSedha kiyA gayA hai, asamartha sAdhaka ke liye apavAda kI paristhiti meM vizeSa kAraNa se vaha dravya grAhya bhI ho jAtA hai| jaina AcAra kI mala ahiMsA hai| anya cAra mahAvrata ahiMsA kA hI vistAra haiN| jahA~ pramAda hai, vahAM hiMsA hai| saMyamI sAdhaka ke jIvana meM apramAda mukhya hotA hai| saMyamI sAdhaka vivekapUrvaka cala rahA hai, pahale use jIva dikhAI nahIM diyA. para jyoM hI kadama AyA ki dikhAI diyaa| bacAne kA prayatna karate hue bhI jIva para pAMva par3a gayA aura vaha mara gyaa| yaha sahasA pratisevanA hai, isameM karmabaMdha nahIM hai| ahiMsA kA ArAdhana zramaNa kA utsarga mArga hai| vaha mana, vacana, kAyA se jIva hiMsA nahIM krtaa| vaha kisI bhI sacitta vastu kA sparza nahIM krtaa| yadi anivArya kAraNavaza zramaNa ko U~ce, nIce, Ter3he, mer3he mArga para jAnA par3e to vaha vanaspati kA yA kisI ke hAtha kA sahArA le sakatA hai| yaha apavAdamArga hai| isI prakAra zramaNa sacitta pAnI ko sparza nahIM kara sakatA, para umar3a ghumar3a kara varSA ho rahI ho to zramaNa laghu zaMkA yA dIrgha zaMkA ke liye bAhara jA sakatA hai, kyoMki malamUtra ko balapUrvaka rokane se roga ho sakate haiN| nizIthabhASya meM aise aneka prasaMga haiM ki durbhikSa Adi kI sthiti meM apavAda mArga meM zramaNa AdhA karma AhAra grahaNa kara sakatA hai| jaina sAdhu ke liye yaha vidhAna hai ki vaha cikitsA kI icchA na kare, roga ko zAMti se sahana kare, kintu jaba roga hone para samAdhi na rahe to cikitsA karavA sakatA hai| kintu ise gupta rakhA jAya, kyoMki yadi virodhI AlocanA kareMge to jina dharma kI avahelanA hogii| / prAyazcitta aura daMDa meM aMtara hai| prAyazcitta meM sAdhaka apane doSa ko svayaM svIkAra karatA hai| kintu daMDa ko icchA se nahIM apitu vivazatA se svIkAra kiyA jAtA hai| daMDa thopA jAtA hai, prAyazcitta hRdaya se svIkAra hotA hai| isIliye rAjanIti meM daMDa kA vidhAna hai, jabaki dharmanIti meM prAyazcitta kaa| saMkSipta mAzi prathama uddezaka isameM 58 sUtra haiN| isa uddezaka meM brahmacarya kA niraticAra pAlana karane para bala diyA gayA hai| mahAvratoM meM brahmacarya cauthe sthAna para hai, kintu apanI mahimA ke kAraNa sabhI vratoM meM prathama hai| jo brahmacarya kI ArAdhanA kara letA hai, vaha samasta niyamoM kI ArAdhanA kara letA hai| sabhI vratoM kA mUlAdhAra brahmacarya hai| brahmacarya kI sAdhanA karane vAle sAdhakoM ko niyamoM kA dRr3hatA se pAlana karanA caahiye| isa Agama ke prAraMbha meM hI sarvaprathama yaha sUcita kiyA gayA hai| zarIrika aMgoM ko uttejita karane kA isameM pUrI taraha niSedha kiyA

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486 jinavANI- jainAgama-sAhitya vizeSAGka gayA hai| dUsarA uddezaka isameM 57 sUtra haiN| pahale ATha sUtroM meM pAdaprocchana ke viSaya meM vicAra haiN| purAne phaTe hue kaMbala ke eka hAtha laMbe-caur3e TukaDe ko pAMva-pauMchana kahA gayA hai| usake pazcAt itra Adi sugaMdhita padArthoM ko sUMghane kA niSedha hai| pagaDaMDI, nAlI, chIMke kA Dhakkana Adi banAne kA niSedha hai| zramaNa ko kaThora bhASA kA upayoga nahIM karanA cAhiye, usase sunane vAle ke mana meM kleza hotA hai| bhASA satya aura sundara honI caahiye| anya ke hRdaya ko vyathita karane vAlI bhASA kA prayoga hiMsA hai| alpa asatya bhASA kA prayoga bhI zramaNa ke liye niSiddha hai, adatta vastu grahaNa karanA bhI niSiddha hai, zarIra ko sajAnA, saMvAranA, mUlyavAna vastue~ dhAraNa karanA niSiddha hai| sAdhu camar3e se banI vastuoM kA prayoga nahIM kara skte| isa uddezaka meM jinakA niSedha kiyA gayA hai, unakA laghumAsa prAyazcitta nizcita kiyA gayA hai| tIsarA uddezaka / isameM 80 sUtra haiN| eka se bAraha sUtra taka sAdhu ko dharmazAlA, musAphirakhAnA, ArAmagRha yA gRhasthI ke yahAM ucca stara se AhAra Adi mAMgane kA, sAmUhika bhoja meM bhojana grahaNa karane kA, pairoM ke parimArjana, parimardana, prakSAlana va zarIra ke saMvAhana kA niSedha hai| bAla, nAkhUna Adi kATane kA, zmazAna meM, khAna meM, phala sabjI rakhane ke sthAna meM, upavana meM, dhUpa rahita sthAna meM malavisarjana kA niSedha hai| pAlana na karane vAle ke liye laghUmAsika prAyazcitta kA vidhAna hai| cauthA uddezaka isameM 128 sUtra haiN| rAjA, rAjyarakSaka, nagararakSaka, grAmarakSaka, sImArakSaka, dezarakSaka ko vaza meM karane ke liye unakA guNAnuvAda karanA, sacitta dhAna Adi kA AhAra karanA, AcArya kI AjJA binA dUdha Adi vigaya grahaNa karane kA niSedha hai| sAdhu jIvana kA sAra kSamA hai| krodha meM vicAra-zakti naSTa ho jAtI hai, jisase vaira kA janma hotA hai| kalaha ke mUla meM kaSAya hai| ata: kalaha ko jAgRta karane kA niSedha hai| mAcisa dUsaroM ko jalAne ke pahale khuda jala jAtI hai| vaise hI kalaha karane vAlA svayaM karmabaMdhana karatA hai| kalaha pApa hai, usase bacanA caahiye| pA~cavA~ uddezaka isameM 52 sUtra haiN| sacitta vRkSa kI mUla ke nikaTa baiThanA, khar3A honA, sonA, AhAra karanA, laghuzaMkA karanA, kAusagga karanA, svAdhyAya karanA niSiddha hai| apanI caddara gRhastha se dhulavAnA, adhika laMbI cAdara rakhane kA niSedha hai| palAza, nIma Adi ke pattoM ko dhokara rakhane kA niSedha hai| mukha,

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dA~ta, hoTha, nAka se vINA ke samAna AvAja nikAlane kA niSedha hai| ina sabhI pravRttiyoM kA laghumAsika prAyazcitta AtA hai| chaThA uddezaka isameM 78 sUtra haiN| kuzIla sevana kI bhAvanA se kisI bhI strI kA anunaya karanA, hastamaithuna karanA, zizna kA saMcAlana karanA, kalaha karanA, citra-vicitra vastra dhAraNa karanA, pauSTika AhAra karanA Adi niSiddha hai| aisA karane para guru caumAsI prAyazcitta AtA hai| brahmacarya kI surakSA ke liye ina sabhI pravRttiyoM kA niSedha kiyA gayA hai| dila meM vikAra bhAvanA jAgRta hone para kAmecchu kaisI-kaisI pravRttiyA~ karatA hai, unakA manovaijJAnika varNana isa uddezaka meM kiyA gayA hai| sAtavA~ uddezaka isameM 92 sUtra haiN| isameM bhI maithuna saMga pedha hai| kAmecchA se prerita hokara mAlAyeM, kar3e, AbhUSaNa, carma vastra pa . kA niSedha hai| kAmecchA se strI ke aMgopAMga kA saMcAlana karanA, zarIra parikarma karanA, sacitta pRthvI para sonA, baiThanA evaM pazu pakSI ke aMgopAMgoM ko sparza karane kA niSedha kiyA gayA hai| ina pravRttiyoM ko karane vAloM ko guru caumAsI prAyazcitta AtA hai| AThavA~ uddezaka isameM 18 sUtra hai| dharmazAlA, udyAna, bhavana, vanamArga, zUnya mArga, tRNagRha, pAnazAlA, dukAna, gozAlA meM akelA sAdhu akelI mahilA ke sAtha rahe, AhAra kare, svAdhyAya kare, zaucAdi kare, vikArotpAdaka vArtAlApa kare, rAtri meM strI parISaha kare, aparimita kathA kare, sAdhviyoM ke sAtha vihAra kare, upAzraya meM rAtri meM mahilAoM ko rahane de, mahilAoM ke sAtha bAhara jAne-Ane kA niSedha hai| pAMca sUtroM meM rAjapiMDa grahaNa kA niSedha hai, grahaNa karane para guru caumAsI prAyazcitta AtA hai| bhagavAna RSabhadeva aura mahAvIra ke sAdhuoM ke liye rAjapiMDa kA niSedha hai, zeSa 22 tIrthaMkaroM ke sAdhuoM ke liye nahIM hai| rAjapiMDa meM cAroM prakAra ke AhAra, vastra, pAtra, kaMbala aura rajoharaNa ina ATha vastuoM ko agrAhya kahA gayA hai| nauvA~ uddezaka - isameM 25 sUtra haiN| isameM bhI rAjapiMDa kA niSedha hai| sAdhu ko rAjA ke anta:pura meM praveza nahIM karanA caahiye| anta:pura meM sage-saMbaMdhI yA naukaracAkara ke atirikta koI bhI vyakti praveza nahIM kara sktaa| zramaNa ke aMta:pura meM praveza karane para rAjA ke mana meM usake prati kuzaMkA paidA ho sakatI hai, ata: zramaNa ko aMta:pura praveza kA niSedha kiyA gayA hai| dasavA~ uddezaka isameM 41 sUtra haiN| AcArya zramaNasaMgha kA anuzAsaka hai| anaMta

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jinavANI- jainAgama-sAhitya vizeSAGka 438 AsthA kA kendra hai| tIrthaMkara ke abhAva meM AcArya hI tIrtha kA saMcAlana kartA hai, ata: usake prati Adara sammAna rakhanA pratyeka sAdhaka kA parama karttavya hai / AcArya ke liye sammAnasUcaka zabdoM kA prayoga honA caahie| jo bhikSu AcArya ke prati roSa pUrNa vacana bolatA hai, use guru caumAsI prAyazcitta AtA hai / glAna kI vidhipUrvaka sevA na karane para, varSAvAsa meM vihAra karane para, nizcitta dina paryuSaNa na karane para, saMvatsarI ke dina cauvihAra upavAsa na karane loca na karane para, varSAvAsa meM vastra grahaNa karane para cAturmAsika prAyazcitta kA kathana hai| para, gyArahavA~ uddezaka isameM 91 sUtra haiN| isameM lohe, tAMbe, zIze, sIMga, camar3e, vastra Adi ke pAtra meM AhAra karane kA niSedha hai| dharma kI niMdA evaM adharma kI prazaMsa karane kA niSedha hai / divasa bhojana kI niMdA, rAtri bhojana kI prazaMsA, madyamAMsa sevana kA niSedha hai| svacchaMdAcAra kI prazaMsA kA niSedha hai| ayogya ka dIkSita karane kA niSedha hai / aceta yA saceta sAdhu kA akele sAdhviyoM ke sAtha rahanA niSiddha hai| AtmaghAta karane vAle kI prazaMsA karane kA niSedha hai ina doSoM kA sevana karane vAle ko gurucaumAsI prAyazcitta AtA hai| bArahavA~ uddezaka isameM 44 sUtra haiN| pahale sUtra meM sAdhu karuNA se prerita hokara trasa jIva ko na to rassI se bAMdhe na mukta kre| sAdhu ko nispRha bhAva se saMyama sAdhana karanA hai yadi sAdhanA ko bhUla kara anya pravRttiyAM karegA to sAdhanA meM vi aayegaa| yahAM karuNA yA anukaMpA kA prAyazcitta nahIM hai, apitu gRhastha ka sevA aura saMyama viruddha pravRtti kA prAyazcitta hai| terahavA~ uddezaka isameM 78 sUtra haiN| sacitta, snigdha, sarajaska, pRthvI para sone, baiThane svAdhyAya karane kA, deharI, snAnapITha, dIvAra, zilA Adi para baiThane kA gRhastha Adi ko zilpa sikhAne kA, kautuka, bhUtikarma, prazna, nimitta, lakSaNa Adi ke prayoga kA, dhAtu vidyA yA nidhi batAne kA, pAnI se bhare pAtra, darpaNa maNi, tela, madhu, ghRta Adi meM mu~ha dekhane kA, vamana, virecana yA bala buddhi vRddhi ke liye auSadha sevana kA niSedha hai| aisI pravRttiyA~ karane vAle ko la caumAsI prAyazcitta AtA hai| caudahavA~ uddezaka isameM 41 sUtra haiM / pAtra kharIdanA, udhAra lenA, badalanA, chInanA, pA meM bhAgIdArI karanA, AjJA binA pAtra lenA, sAmane lAyA huA pAtra lenA vikalAMga yA asamartha ko atirikta pAtra na denA, anupayogI pAtra ko rakhanA pAtra ko vizeSa suMdara yA sugaMdhita banAnA, pariSada se nikala kara pAtra ka

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nizItha sUtra 439 yAcanA karanA, pAtra ke liye mAsakalpa yA cAturmAsa taka rahanA niSiddha hai| ye pravRttiyA~ karane para laghu caumAsI prAyazcitta kA vidhAna hai| 1 pandrahavA~ uddezaka isameM 154 sUtra haiN| pahale cAra meM sAdhu kI AzAtanA kA aura ATha sUtroM meM sacitta Amra, AmrapezI, Amracoyaka Adi khAne kA laghu caumAsI prAyazcitta hai| gRhastha se sevA karavAne kA akalpanIya sthAnoM meM malamUtra paraThane kA, pArzvastha Adi ko AhAra-vastra dene kA niSedha hai / vibhUSA kI dRSTi se zarIra evaM vastroM kA parimArjana niSiddha hai| ye pravRttiyAM karane para laghu caumAsI prAyazcitta AtA hai| solahavA~ uddezaka isameM 50 sUtra haiN| sAdhu ko sAgArika Adi kI zayyA meM praveza kA, sacitta Ikha - gaMDerI cUsane kA, araNya, vana, aTavI kI yAtrA karane vAloM se AhAra pAnI lene kA, asaMyamI ko saMyamI aura saMyamI ko asaMyamI kahane kA, kalaha karane vAle tIrthikoM se AhAra pAnI lene kA niSedha hai / satarahavA~ uddezaka isameM 155 sUtra haiN| sAdhu-sAdhviyoM ko gRhasthoM se sevA karavAne kA, baMda bartana khulavA kara AhAra lene kA, sacitta pRthvI para rakhA AhAra lene kA, tatkAla banA acitta zItala jala lene kA, 'mere zArIrika lakSaNa AcAryapada ke yogya hai' aisA kahane kA niSedha hai| bAje bajAnA, ha~sanA, nAcanA, pazuoM kI AvAja nikAlanA, vAdya-zravaNa ke prati Asakti kA niSedha hai| isake liye laghu caumAsI prAyazcitta kA vidhAna hai| aThArahavA~ uddezaka isameM 73 sUtra haiM / 32 sUtroM meM naukA vihAra ke saMbaMdha meM vividha dRSTiyoM se vicAra kiyA gayA hai| vaise to sAdhu apkAya jIvoM kI virAdhanA kA pUrNa tyAgI hotA hai, kintu apavAda ke rUpa meM AcArAMga Adi sUtroM meM bhI naukA prayoga kA vidhAna hai| binA samucita kAraNa ke naukA vihAra karane para laghu caumAsI prAyazcitta kA vidhAna hai| unnIsavA~ uddezaka isameM 35 sUtra haiM / auSadhi kharIda kara maMgavAnA, tIna mAtrA se adhika auSadhi lenA, vihAra meM sAtha rakhanA, asvAdhyAya ke samaya svAdhyAya karane kA niSedha hai| nizItha Adi chedasUtroM kI apAtra ko vAcanA denA, mithyAtviyoM ko, atIrthiyoM ko vAcanA dene kA niSedha hai| bIsavA~ uddezaka isameM 51 sUtra haiN| kapaTayukta aura niSkapaTa AlocanA ke liye isa uddezaka meM vividha prakAra ke prAyazcittoM kA vidhAna hai| niSkapaTa AlocanA

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1440 jinavANI- jainAgama sAhitya vizeSAGka karane vAle ko jitanA prAyazcitta AtA hai, usase eka mAha adhika kapaTayukta AlocanA karane vAle ko prAyazcitta AtA hai| bhagavAna mahAvIra ke zAsana meM utkRSTa cha: mAsa ke prAyazcitta kA hI vidhAna hai| prAyazcitta bauddha dRSTi meM nizItha ke samAna hI bauddha paraMparA meM vinaya piTaka kA mahattva hai| isameM bhikSu saMgha kA saMvidhAna hai| isameM tathAgata buddha ne bhikSu-bhikSuNiyoM ke pAlane yogya niyamoM kA upedaza diyA hai| isameM aparAdhoM, doSoM evaM prAyazcittoM kA bhI vidhAna hai| buddha ke nirvANa ke bAda dharma saMgha kI maryAdA ko akSuNNa rakhane ke liye prathama bauddha saMgati meM kaThora niyamoM kA gaThana kiyA gyaa| prAyazcitta vaidika dRSTi se __ vaidika saMskRti ke mahAmanISiyoM ne pApoM se mukta hone ke liye vidhi-vidhAna kiye haiN| brAhmaNa hatyA ko sabase bar3A pApa mAnA gayA hai| kAThaka meM bhrUNa hatyA ko brahmahatyA se bhI bar3A pApa mAnA hai| nAradasmRti kA kathana hai ki mAtA, mausI, sAsa, bhAbhI, phUphI, cAcI, mitrapatnI, ziSyapatnI, bahina, putravadhU, AcAryapatnI, sagotranArI, dAI, vratavatI nArI ke sAtha saMbhoga karane para gurutalpa vyabhicAra kA aparAdhI ho jAtA hai| aise duSkRtya ke liye zizna kATane ke sivAya koI daMDa nahIM hai| sArAMza sArAMza yaha hai ki cAhe jaina, bauddha, vaidika koI bhI paraMparA ho, sabhI meM maithuna, corI aura hiMsA ko gaMbhIratama aparAdha mAnA hai| jaina aura bauddha paraMparAoM ne saMgha ko atyadhika mahattva diyaa| prAyazcitta kI jo sUciyA~ ina donoM paramparAoM meM hai, usameM kAphI samAnatA hai| bauddha paramparA madhyamamArgIya rahI, isaliye usakI AcAra saMhitA bhI madhyama mArga para hI AdhArita hai| jaina paraMparA ugra aura kaThora sAdhanA para bala detI rahI, isaliye usakI AcAra saMhitA bhI kaThoratA ko liye hue hai| ___ gautamadharmasUtra, vaziSThasmRti, manusmRti, yAjJavalkya smRti meM mAtA, bahina, putravadhU Adi ke sAtha vyabhicAra sevana karane vAle ke aMDakoSa aura liMga kATa kara dakSiNa dizA meM jaba taka gira na par3e taba taka calate rahane kA daMDa hai| nizItha ke bhASya racayitA zrI saMghadAsagaNi haiN| nizItha cUrNi ke racayitA zrI jinadAsagaNi mahattara hai| nizItha jaise rahasya bhare Agama para vivecana likhanA khela nahIM hai, yaha mahattvapUrNa kArya zrI madhukara muni ne isa para hiMdI meM pravAha pUrNa sundara vivecana kara pUrA kiyA hai|| -10/595, caupAsanI hAusiMga borDa, jodhapura

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Avazyaka sUtra * zrImatI zAntA modI Avazyaka sUtra meM sAmAyika, caturviMzatistava, vandanA, pratikramaNa, kAyotsarga evaM pratyAkhyAna nAmaka SaDvidha AvazyakoM kA nirUpaNa hai| yaha sUtra zramaNa-zramaNiyoM ke lie hI nahIM zrAvakoM ke lie bhI pApa kriyAoM se bacakara dharmamArga meM agrasara hone kI prAyogika vidhi prastuta karatA hai| yaha pApa-zodhana ke sAtha bhAva-vizuddhi kI ora sajaga banAtA hai| variSTha svAdhyAyI evaM pUrva vyAkhyAtA zrImatI zAntA jI ne Avazyaka sUtra para sAragarbhita mahattvapUrNa sAmagrI prastuta kI hai| -sampAdaka 1 jaina Agama - sAhitya meM Avazyaka sUtra kA apanA viziSTa sthAna hai anuyogadvAra cUrNi meM Avazyaka ko paribhASita karate hue likhA hai- jo guNazUnya AtmA ko prazasta bhAvoM meM AvAsita karatA hai, vaha AvAsaka yA Avazyaka hai| anuyogadvAra maladhArIya TIkA meM likhA hai ki jo samasta guNoM kA nivAsa sthAna hai vaha AvAsaka yA Avazyaka hai| Avazyaka jaina-sAdhanA kA prANa hai| vaha jIvana-zuddhi aura doSa parimArjana kA jIvanta bhASya hai| sAdhaka cAhe sAkSara ho cAhe nirakSara ho, cAhe sAmAnya ho yA pratibhA kA dhanI, sabhI sAdhakoM ke liye Avazyaka kA jJAna Avazyaka hI nahIM, anivArya hai| isake dvArA sAdhaka apanI AtmA kA pUrNa avalokana karatA hai| vaha AdhyAtmika samatA, namratA prabhRti sadguNoM kA AdhAra hai / antardRSTi sampanna sAdhaka kA lakSya bAhya padArtha nahIM, Atmazodhana hai| jisa sAdhanA aura ArAdhanA se AtmA zAzvata sukha kA anubhava kare, karmamala ko naSTa kara samyak darzana, samyak jJAna aura samyak cAritra se adhyAtma ke Aloka ko prApta kare, vaha Avazyaka hai| apanI bhUloM ko nihAra kara una bhUloM ke pariSkAra ke liye kucha na kucha kriyA karanA Avazyaka hai| Avazyaka kA vidhAna zramaNa ho yA zramaNI ho, zrAvaka ho yA zrAvikA ho, sabhI ke liye hai| AcArya malayagiri kahate haiM- 'jJAnAdiguNAnAm AsamantAd vazyA indriyakaSAyAdibhAvazatravo yasmAt tad Avazyakam' anuyogadvArasUtra meM Avazyaka ke ATha paryAyavAcI nAma diye haiMAvazyaka, avazyakaraNIya, dhruvanigraha vizodhi, adhyayanaSaTka varga, nyAya, ArAdhanA aura mArga / jaina darzana meM dravya aura bhAva kA bahuta hI gambhIra va sUkSma cintana kiyA gayA hai| yahA~ pratyeka sAdhanA evaM pratyeka kriyA ko dravya aura bhAMva ke bheda se dekhA jAtA hai| bAhya dRSTi vAle loga dravya-pradhAna hote haiM jabaki antardRSTi vAle bhAva pradhAna hote haiN| dravya Avazyaka kA artha hai- antaraMga upayoga ke binA kevala paramparA ke AdhAra para kiyA jAne vAlA puNyaphala kA icchArUpa Avazyaka

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442 * jinavANI- jainAgama-sAhitya vizeSAGka dravya Avazyaka hai / dravya kA artha hai prANa rahita zarIra / binA prANa ke zarIra kevala dRzya vastu hai, gatizIla nahIM / Avazyaka ke mUla pATha binA upayoga va vicAra se bolanA, dainika jIvana meM kisI taraha kA saMyama nahIM rakhanA aura subaha-zAma Avazyaka sUtra ke pAThoM kI raTana-kriyA meM laga jAnA, dravya kriyA hI hai| vivekahIna sAdhanA antarjIvana meM prakAza nahIM de sakatI / bhAva Avazyaka kA artha - antaraMga upayoga ke sAtha. loka tathA paraloka kI vAsanA se rahita, yazakIrti, sammAna Adi kI abhilASA se zUnya, mana, vacana, zarIra ko nizcala, niSkAma, ekAgra banAkara Avazyaka kI mUla bhAvanA meM utara kara, dina aura rAtri ke jIvana meM jinAjJA ke anusAra vicaraNa kara, Avazyaka saMbaMdhI mUla pAThoM para cintana, manana, nididhyAsana karate hue kevala nijAtmA ko karma-mala se vizuddha banAne ke liye, donoM kAla sAmAyika Adi Avazyaka kI sAdhanA karanA hai, kevala kriyA Atmazuddhi nahIM kara sakatI hai| bhAva Avazyaka kA svarUpa anuyogadvAra sUtra meM batAyA gayA haijaM NaM ime samaNo vA, samaNI vA, sAvao vA, sAviyA vA taccitte, tammaNe, tallese, tadajjhavasie, tattivvajjhavasANaM tadaTThovautte, tadappikaraNe, tabmAvaNA bhAvie. annattha katthai maNe akaremANe ubhaokAla AvassayaM kareMti se taM loguttariyaM bhAvAvassaya jaina saMskRti meM aura vaidika saMskRti ke nitya karmoM ke vidhAna meM bhinnatA hai| brAhmaNa saMskRti saMsAra kI bhautika vyavasthA meM adhika rasa letI hai / isaliye brAhmaNa, kSatriya, vaizya va zUdra ke kAryakalApoM meM bhinnatA liye hue hai| kintu jaina saMskRti mAnavatA ko jor3ane vAlI saMskRti hai / jaina dharma ke SaDAvazyaka mAnava mAtra ke liye eka jaise haiN| cAhe vaha kisI bhI jAti, liMga varga kA ho, use sahaja rUpa se kara sakatA hai aura mAnava apanA kalyANa kara sakatA hai| Avazyaka niyukti meM spaSTa rUpa se likhA hai ki prathama aura carama tIrthaMkaroM ke zAsana meM pratikramaNa sahita dharma prarUpita kiyA gayA hai| Avazyaka niryukti kI gAthA 1244 meM spaSTa kiyA gayA hai sapaDikkamaNo dhammo, purimassa ya pacchimassa ya jiNassa / majjhimayANa jiNANaM kAraNajAe paDikkamaNaM / / zrAvakoM ke liye bhI Avazyaka kI jAnakArI Avazyaka mAnI gaI hai / Avazyaka sUtra ke cha: aMga haiM 1 . sAmAyika- samabhAva kI sAdhanA 2. caturviMzatistava - caubIsa tIrthakaroM kI stuti sadguruoM ko namaskAra, unakA guNagAna 3. vandana4. pratikramaNa - doSoM kI AlocanA 5. kAyotsarga- zarIra ke mamatva kA tyAga

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Avazyaka sUtra 6. pratyAkhyAna AhAra aiida kA tyAga jJAnasAra meM AcArya ne Avazyaka kriyA kA mahattva pratipAdita karate hue likhA hai- Avazyaka kriyA pahale se prApta bhAva-vizuddhi se AtmA ko girane nahIM detii| guNoM kI vRddhi ke liye aura prApta guNoM se skhalita na hone ke liye Avazyaka kriyA kA AcaraNa bahuta upayogI hai| Avazyaka meM jo sAdhanA kA krama rakhA gayA hai vaha kArya-kAraNa bhAva kI zRMkhalA para avasthita hai tathA pUrNa vaijJAnika hai| sAdhaka ke liye sarvaprathama samatA ko prApta karanA Avazyaka hai| binA samatA apanAye sadguNoM ke sarasa sumana nahIM khilate aura avaguNoM ke kA~Te nahIM jhdd'te| samatva ko jIvana meM dhAraNa karane vAlA vyakti hI mahApuruSoM ke guNoM ko jIvana meM utAra sakatA hai| isaliye sAmAyika Avazyaka ke pazcAt caturvizatistava Avazyaka rakhA gayA hai| jaba guNoM ko vyakti hRdaya meM dhAraNa karatA hai, tabhI usakA sira mahApuruSoM ke caraNoM meM jhukatA hai| bhakti-bhAvanA se vibhora hokara vaha unheM vandana karatA hai, isIliye tRtIya Avazyaka vandana hai| vandana karane vAle sAdhaka kA hRdaya sarala hotA hai| isI kAraNa vaha kRta doSoM kI AlocanA karatA hai| ata: vandana ke pazcAt pratikramaNa Avazyaka kA nirUpaNa hai| bhUloM kA smaraNa kara una bhUloM se mukti pAne ke liye tana evaM mana meM sthairya Avazyaka hai| kAyotsarga meM tana aura mana kI ekAgratA kI jAtI hai jisase sthiravRtti kA abhyAsa kiyA jAtA hai| jaba tana aura mana sthira hotA hai, tabhI pratyAkhyAna kiyA jA sakatA hai| mana DA~vADola ho to pratyAkhyAna saMbhava nahIM hai| isIliye chaThA Avazyaka pratyAkhyAna rakhA gayA hai| isI prakAra yaha SaDAvazyaka AtmanirIkSaNa, AtmaparIkSaNa, AtmotkarSa kA zreSThatama upAya hai| 1. sAmAyika SaDAvazyaka meM sAmAyika kA prathama sthAna hai| vaha jaina AcAra kA sAra hai| sAmAyika zramaNa aura zrAvaka donoM ke liye Avazyaka hai| sarvaprathama zrAvaka sAmAyika cAritra grahaNa karatA hai| cAritra ke pA~ca prakAra haiM, unameM sAmAyika cAritra prathama hai| sAmAyika cAritra caubIsa tIrthakaroM ke zAsana kAla meM rahA hai, para anya cAra cAritra avasthita nahIM haiN| zramaNoM ke liye sAmAyika prathama cAritra hai, to gRhastha sAdhakoM ke liye sAmAyika cAra zikSA vratoM meM prathama zikSA vrata hai| jaina AcAra darzana kA bhavya prAsAda sAmAyika kI sudRr3ha nIMva para AdhArita hai| AcArya haribhadra ne to spaSTa kiyA hai ki sAdhaka cAhe digambara ho, zvetAmbara ho, bauddha ho yA anya kisI mata kA ho, jo bhI samabhAva meM sthita hogA vaha ni:sandeha mokSa ko prApta karegA divase divase lakkhaM dei savaNNassa khaMDiyaM ego| ego puNa sAmAiyaM, karei na pahuppae tassa / /

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[AKT jinavANI- jainAgama sAhitya vizeSAGka sAmAyika kI sAdhanA vizuddha sAdhanA hai| karor3oM varSoM taka tapazcaraNa , kI nirantara sAdhanA karane vAlA jina karmoM ko naSTa nahIM kara pAtA, unako samabhAvI sAdhaka kucha hI kSaNoM meM naSTa kara letA hai| Atma svarUpa meM sthita rahane ke kAraNa zeSa rahe karmoM kI vaha nirjarA kara letA hai| isIliye AcArya haribhadra ne likhA hai sAmAyika-vizuddhAtmA sarvathA ghaatikrmnnH| kSayAtkevalamApnoti lokAlokaprakAzakam / / AcArya malayagiri ne likhA hai- rAgadveSa ke kAraNoM meM madhyastha rahanA sama hai| jinabhadragaNI kSamAzramaNa ne bhI vizeSAvazyaka bhASya meM yahI paribhASA svIkAra kI hai| sAvadyayoga kA parityAga kara zuddha meM ramaNa karanA 'sama' kahalAtA hai| jisa sAdhanA se sama kI prApti ho, vaha sAmAyika hai| 'sama' kA artha zreSTha hotA hai aura 'ayana' kA artha AcaraNa hai| arthAt zreSTha AcaraNa kA nAma sAmAyika hai| ahiMsA Adi zreSTha sAdhanA samaya para kI jAtI hai vaha sAmAyika hai| mana, vacana, kAyA kI duSpravRttiyoM ko rokakara apane nizcita lakSya kI ora dhyAna ko kendrita karanA tathA unheM vaza meM kara lenA sAmAyika hai| viSaya, kaSAya aura rAgadveSa se alaga rahakara sadA samabhAva meM sthita rahatA hai| cAhe anukUla paristhiti ho, cAhe pratikUla, cAhe sukha ho, cAhe duHkha vaha sadA samabhAva meM rahatA hai| AcArya bhadrabAhu jo samo savvabhUesu, tasesu thAvaresu y| tassa sAmAiyaM hoi, ii kevalibhAsiyaM / / / AcArya jinabhadragaNI kSamAzramaNa ne sAmAyika ko caudaha pUrva kA artha piMDa kahA hai| upAdhyAya yazovijayajI ne sAmAyika ko sampUrNa dvAdazAMgI rUpa jinavANI kA sAra batAyA hai| bhagavatI sUtra meM bhagavAna mahAvIra ne pharamAyA 'AyA sAmAie, AyA sAmAiyassa atttthe| AcArya bhadrabAhu ne Avazyaka niyukti meM tIna bheda batAye haiM- 1. samyaktva-sAmAyika 2. zruta-sAmAyika 3. caaritr-saamaayik| samabhAva kI. sAdhanA ke liye samyaktva, zruta aura cAritra hI pradhAna sAdhana hai| samyaktva se vizvAsa kI zuddhi hotI hai| zruta se vicAroM kI zuddhi hotI hai aura cAritra se AcAra kI zuddhi hotI hai| tInoM milakara AtmA ko pUrNa vizuddha aura nirmala banA dete haiM jisase paramAtmA kI koTi taka pahu~cA jA sakatA hai| cAritra sAmAyika do prakAra kI hotI hai- sarva virati sAmAyika aura dezavirati saamaayik| zrAvaka ke liye deza virati sAmAyika hai, jisameM do karaNa tIna yoga se sAvadha pravRtti kA tyAga kiyA jAtA hai| sarva virati meM tIna karaNa

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Avazyaka sUtra 44 tIna yoga se tyAga kiyA jAtA hai| isameM sAdhaka pUrNa rUpa se ahiMsA Adi pA~ca mahAvratoM kA mana, vacana aura zarIra se pUrNatayA pAlana karatA hai| sAmAyika ke mukhya do bheda batAye haiM- 1. dravya sAmAyika 2. bhAva saamaayik| sAmAyika grahaNa karane ke pUrva kucha vidhi vidhAna kiye jAte haiM, jaise- Asana, rajoharaNa, mukhavastrikA, dhArmika upakaraNa Adi eka sthAna para rakhe jAte haiN| ve svaccha aura sAdagIpUrNa hoN| bhAva sAmAyika vaha hai jisameM sAdhakaM yaha cintana karatA hai ki maiM ajara, amara evaM caitanya svarUpa huuN| vaibhAvika bhAvoM se merA kucha bhI banatA-bigar3atA nahIM hai| merA svabhAva jJAnamaya, darzanamaya hai| merA svabhAva UrdhvagAmI hai| yaha sAdhanA jIvana ko sajAne va saMvArane kI vidhi hai| jisase iha loka va paraloka donoM hI sArthaka ho jaayeNge| 2. caturvizatistava yaha bhaktibhAva kA paricAyaka Avazyaka hai| isakI sAdhanA meM vyakti AnaMda vibhora hue binA nahIM raha sktaa| tIrthakara bhagavAna tyAga aura vairAgya kI dRSTi se, saMyama-sAdhanA kI dRSTi se mahAn haiN| unake guNoM kA utkIrtana karane se sAdhaka ke antarhadaya meM AdhyAtmika bala kA saMcAra hotA hai| usake sammukha tyAga-vairAgya kI jvalanta pratikRti AtI hai, jisase usakA ahaMkAra svata: lupta ho jAtA hai| AlocanA ke kSetra meM pahu~cane se pUrva kSetra zuddhi honA Avazyaka hai| sAdhaka samabhAva meM sthira bane, phira guNAdhika mahApuruSoM kI stuti kre| mahApuruSoM kA guNa kIrtana pratyeka sAdhaka ke liye preraNA kA srota hotA hai| unakI zaraNa meM jAne se use preraNA milegI aura AdhyAtmika jIvana kI kalA ko sIkha legaa| isa viSaya para gaNadhara gautama ne bhagavAna se prazna kiyAprazna- cauvvIsatthaeNaM bhaMte! jIve kiM jaNayai? uttara- cauvvIsatthaeNaM daMsaNavisohiM jnnyi| bhagavAna mahAvIra ne uparyukta vAkya se spaSTa kara diyA ki isase darzana mohanIya naSTa hokara jJAna kA prakAza ho jAtA hai| isaliye Avazyaka sUtra meM caturviMzatistava kA atyadhika mahattva hai| 3. vandanA Avazyaka sUtra kA tIsarA adhyayana vandanA hai| AlocanA kSetra meM praveza karate samaya gurubhakti evaM namratA kA honA Avazyaka hai| deva ke bAda guru kA krama AtA hai| tIrthakaroM ke guNoM kA guNagAna karane ke bAda sAdhaka gurudeva kA stavana aura abhivAdana karatA hai| vaha vandanA dvArA guru ke prati bhakti va bahumAna prakaTa karatA hai|

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1446- jinavANI- jainAgama-sAhitya vizeSAGka | .. vandana karane yogya guru ko hI vandana karanA hai, isakA pUrA viveka rakhanA hai| vandana karate samaya kina-kina bAtoM kA dhyAna rakhanA hai, kyoMki sAdhaka jaba taka yaha sArI jAnakArI nahIM kara legA, vandana kA lAbha nahIM ho skegaa| asaMyamI patita ko vandana karane kA artha hai patana kI ora jaanaa| AcArya bhadrabAhu svAmI Avazyaka niyukti meM kahate haiM ki- jo manuSya guNahIna avaMdya vyakti ko vandana karatA hai to usake karmoM kI nirjarA nahIM hotI hai aura na kiirti| avandya ko vandana karane se vandana karane vAle ko bhI doSa lagatA hai| jaina dharma ke anusAra dravya aura bhAva donoM prakAra ke cAritra se sampanna tyAgI, vItarAgI, AcArya, upAdhyAya, sthAvara evaM gurudeva Adi hI vandanIya haiN| inhIM ko vandana karane se bhavya sAdhaka Atma kalyANa kara sakatA hai, anyathA nhiiN| sAdhaka ke liye aisA guru cAhiye jo bAhya aura antara se pUrNa zuddha ho tathA vyavahAra va nizcaya donoM dRSTiyoM se pUrNa ho| vandanA Avazyaka yathAvidhi karane se vinaya kI prApti hotI hai| guru vandana kI kriyA bar3I hI mahattvapUrNa hai| mana ke kaNa-kaNa meM bhakti bhAvanA kA vimala srota bahAye binA vandana dravyavandana ho jAtA hai| jisase sAdhaka kI unnati nahIM ho pAtI hai| AcArya malayagiri Avazyaka vRtti meM dravya aura bhAva vandana kI vyAkhyA karate hue kahate haiM- dravyato mithyAdRSTeranupayuktasamyagdRSTazca, bhAvataH samyag dRSTerupayuktasya / vandana se vinaya guNa prakaTa hotA hai aura vinaya dharma kA mUla hai| yadi zuddha bhAvoM se vandana kara liyA jAya to tIrthakara gotra bhI upArjita kiyA jA sakatA hai| isaliye Avazyaka sUtra meM tIsarA pada vandana ko rakhA gayA hai| 4. pratikramaNa cauthA adhyayana pratikramaNa kA hai| vratoM meM lage hue aticAroM kI zuddhi ke lie pratikramaNa kI AvazyakatA hai| pratidina yathAsamaya yaha cintana karanA ki Aja AtmA vrata se avrata meM kitanA gayA? kaSAya kI jvAlA kitanI bAra prajvalita huI? huI to nimitta kyA banA? vaha kaSAya kaisA thA anantAnubaMdhI, apratyAkhyAnI, pratyAkhyAnI yA saMjvalana? krodha ke Aveza meM kisa prakAra ke zabdoM kA uccAraNa kiyA hai Adi sUkSma rUpa se cintana-manana karanA tathA Aye hue azubha vicAroM ko zuddha karanA hI pratikramaNa hai| AcArya haribhadra ne bhI Avazyaka sUtra kI TIkA meM pratikramaNa kI vyAkhyA karate hue batAyA svasthAnAd yatparasthAnaM, pramAdasya vazAd gtH| tatraiva kramaNaM bhUyaH prtikrmnnmucyte|| 'pratikramaNa' jaina paramparA kA eka viziSTa zabda hai| pratikramaNa ka zAbdika artha hai- puna: lauttnaa| hama apanI maryAdAoM kA atikramaNa kara apanI svabhAva dazA se nikalakara vibhAva dazA meM cale jAte haiN| ata: puna

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Avazyaka sUtra 447 svabhAva rUpa sImA meM pratyAgamana karanA pratikramaNa hai| jo pApa mana, vacana aura kAyA se kiye jAte haiM, dUsaroM se karavAye jAte haiM aura dUsaroM ke dvArA kiye hue pApoM kA anumodana kiyA jAtA hai, una sabhI pApoM kI nivRtti hetu kiye gaye pApoM kI AlocanA karanA, nindA karanA pratikramaNa hai| sAdhanA ke kSetra meM mithyAtva, avrata, pramAda, kaSAya aura azubhayoga ye pA~coM bhayaMkara doSa haiN| sAdhaka prAta: aura saMdhyA ke suhAvane samaya meM apane jIvana kA antarnirIkSaNa karatA hai, usa samaya vaha gaharAI se cintana karatA hai ki vaha samyaktva ko chor3akara mithyAtva ke mArga kI ora to nahIM jA rahA hai| AcArya bhadrabAhu ne batAyA ki sAdhaka ko pratikramaNa meM pramukha rUpa se cAra viSayoM para gaharAI se cintana karanA caahie| isa dRSTi se pratikramaNa ke cAra bheda banate haiN| unhoMne Avazyaka niyukti meM batAyA hai paDisiddhANaM karaNe, kiccANamakaraNe paDikkamaNaM / asaddahaNe ya tahA, vivarIyaparUvaNAe a|| sAdhu va zrAvaka ke liye kramaza: mahAvratoM aura aNuvratoM kA vidhAna hai| usameM doSa na lage, isake liye satata sAvadhAnI Avazyaka hai| yadyapi sAdhu aura zrAvaka sAvadhAna rahatA hai, phira bhI kabhI-kabhI asAvadhAnIvaza ahiMsA, satya, acaurya, brahmacarya, aparigraha kI skhalanA ho gaI ho to unakI zuddhi hetu pratikramaNa karanA caahiye| sAdhu aura zrAvaka ke liye eka AcArasaMhitA Agama sAhitya meM nirUpita hai| sAdhu ke liye dhyAna, pratilekhanA, svAdhyAya Adi aneka vidhAna haiM to zrAvaka ke liye bhI dainaMdina sAdhanA kA vidhAna hai| yadi una vidhAnoM kI pAlanA meM bhI truTi ho jAya to usa saMbaMdha meM pratikramaNa karanA caahiye| _AtmA Adi amUrta padArthoM ko pratyakSa pramANa ke dvArA siddha karanA bahuta kaThina hai| vaha to Agama ke pramANoM ke dvArA hI siddha kiyA jA sakatA hai| unake prati azraddhA utpanna huI ho to usakI zuddhi ke liye sAdhaka ko pratikramaNa karanA caahie| hiMsA Adi dRSkRtya, jinakA maharSiyoM ne niSedha kiyA hai, sAdhaka una duSkRtyoM kA pratipAdana na kreN| yadi asAvadhAnIvaza ho gayA ho to unakI zuddhi kreN| anuyogadvAra sUtra meM pratikramaNa do prakAra ke batAye gaye haiM- dravya pratikramaNa aura bhAva prtikrmnn| dravya pratikramaNa meM sAdhaka eka sthAna para sthita hokara binA upayoga ke yazaprApti kI abhilASA se pratikramaNa karatA hai| yaha pratikramaNa yaMtra kI taraha calatA hai, usameM cintana kA abhAva hotA hai| pApoM ke prati mana meM glAni nahIM hotii| kevala mAtra dikhAvA hI hai| isase jaisI zuddhi honI cAhiye vaisI nahIM ho paatii| bhAva pratikramaNa meM sAdhaka antarmana se kiye huye pApoM kI AlocanA

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1448 jinavANI- jainAgama-sAhitya vizeSAGakA karatA hai| dRr3ha nizcaya karatA hai ki doSa praveza ke liye aNumAtra bhI avakAza nahIM hai| bhaviSya meM doSa nahIM lage isa bAta kA cintana hI vAstavika pratikramaNa hai| bhAva pratikramaNa karane vAlA sarvathAbhAvena prAyazcitta karatA hai aura apanI AtmA ko puna: zuddha sthiti meM pahu~cAne kA prayatna karatA hai| bhAva pratikramaNa ke liye AcArya jinadAsa kahate haiM "bhAvapaDikkamaNaM jaM sammadaMsaNAiguNajuttassa paDikkamaNaM ti||" AcArya bhadrabAhu kahate haiMbhAvapaDikkamaNaM puNa, tivihaM tiviheNa neyavvaM / / / micchAtAi Na gacchai. Na va gacchAvei NANu jANeI jaM maNa-vaya-kAehiM, taM bhaNiyaM bhAva pddikkmnnN| AcArya ne Avazyaka niyukti meM kAla ke bheda se pratikramaNa tIna prakAra kA batAyA hai1. bhUtakAla meM lage hue doSoM kI AlocanA krnaa| 2. vartamAnakAla meM lagane vAle doSoM se saMvara dvArA bcnaa| 3. pratyAkhyAna dvArA bhAvI doSoM ko avaruddha krnaa| isI taraha bhagavatI sUtra meM bhI kahA hai___ aiyaM paDikkamei, paDuppana saMvarei aNAgayaM pcckkhaaii| vizeSa kAla kI apekSA se pratikramaNa ke pA~ca bheda bhI mAne gaye haiMdevasika, rAtrika, pAkSika, cAturmAsika, saaNvtsrik| sAdhaka ko inakA AcaraNa karanA caahiye| zramaNa kI jIvanacaryA ke liye pratikramaNa ke cha: prakAra alaga se batAye haiM- 1. uccAra pratikramaNa 2. prastravaNa pratikramaNa 3. itvara pratikramaNa 4. yAvatkathita pratikramaNa 5. yatkiMcit mithyA pratikramaNa 6. svapnAdika prtikrmnn| saMkSepa meM jinakA pratikramaNa karanA Avazyaka hai, ve isa prakAra haiM- 25 mithyAtva, 14 jJAnAticAra, 18 pApa sthAnoM kA prtikrmnn| caurAsI lAkha jIvayoni se kSamAyAcanA karanA sabhI sAdhakoM ke liye hai| pA~ca mahAvrata, mana, vANI, zarIra kA asaMyama, gamana, bhASaNa, yAcanA, grahaNa, nikSepa evaM malamUtra visarjana Adi se saMbaMdhita doSoM kA pratikramaNa bhI zramaNa sAdhakoM ke liye Avazyaka hai| pA~ca aNuvrata, tIna guNavata, cAra zikSAvrata meM lagane vAle aticAroM kA pratikramaNa zrAvakoM ke liye Avazyaka hai| jina sAdhakoM ne saMlekhanAvrata grahaNa kara rakhA hai, unake liye saMlekhanA ke pA~ca aticAroM kA pratikramaNa Avazyaka hai| pratikramaNa sAdhaka jIvana kI apUrva kriyA hai| yaha vaha DAyarI hai jisameM sAdhaka apane doSoM kI sUcI likhakara eka-eka doSa se mukta hone kA upakrama karatA hai, pratikramaNa jIvana ko sudhArane kA zreSTha upakrama hai, AdhyAtmika jIvana kI dhurI hai| AtmadoSoM kI AlocanA karane se pazcAttApa

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Avazyaka sUtra H A MITR-448 kI bhAvanA jAgRta hone lagatI hai aura usa pazcAttApa kI agni meM sabhI doSa jalakara naSTa ho jAte haiN| pratikramaNa kI sAdhanA pramAda bhAva ko dUra karane ke liye hai| sAdhaka ke jIvana meM pramAda viSa hai jo sAdhanA ke mArga ko avaruddha kara detA hai| isaliye sAdhu va zrAvaka donoM kA kartavya hai ki pramAda se bace aura pratikramaNa ke dvArA apanI sAdhanA ko apramattatA kI ora agrasara kre| 5. kAyotsarga __ pratikramaNa Avazyaka ke bAda pA~cavAM sthAna kAyotsarga hai| anuyogadvAra sUtra meM kAyotsarga kA nAma vraNa-cikitsA hai| Avazyaka sUtra meM cintana karate hue likhA hai-saMyamI jIvana ko adhika pariSkRta karane ke liye, AtmA ko mAyA-mithyAtva aura nidAna-zalya se mukta karane ke liye, pApa karmoM ke nirghAta ke liye kAyotsarga kiyA jAtA hai| kAyotsarga meM kAya aura utsarga ye do zabda haiM jisakA artha hai zarIra se mamatva kA tyAga krnaa| yaha anubhava meM AnA cAhiye ki zarIra bhinna hai aura AtmA bhinna hai| zarIra jar3a hai aura AtmA cetana hai, jo ajara, amara, avinAzI hai| deha meM rahakara dehAtIta sthiti meM rahatA hai| isa para AcArya bhadrabAhu ne Avazyaka niyukti meM likhA hai-- vAsI caMdaNakappo,jo maraNe jIvie ya smsnnnno| dehe ya apaDibaddho,kAussaggo havai tss| tivihANuvasaggANaM, divvANaM mANusANa tiriyANAM sammamahiyAsaNAe, kAusaggo havai suddho| kAyotsarga ke do bheda Agama sAhitya meM batAye haiM- dravya aura bhaav| dravya kAyotsarga se. tAtparya hai- zarIra ko bAhya kriyAoM se mukta karake nizcala va ni:spanda ho jaanaa| bhAva kAyotsarga meM duAnoM kA tyAga kara dharma tathA zukla dhyAna meM ramaNa karanA, mana meM zubha vicAroM kA pravAha bahAnA, AtmA ke mUla svarUpa kI ora gamana karanA hotA hai| kAyotsarga meM dhyAna kI hI mahimA hai| dravya to dhyAna ke liye bhUmikA mAtra hai| AcArya jinadAsa Avazyaka cUrNi meM kahate haiM so puNa kAussaggo davvato bhAvato ya bhvti| davvato kAyaceTThA niroho, bhAvato kAusaggo jhaannN|| isI taraha uttarAdhyayana sUtra ke samAcArI adhyayana meM bAra-bAra kahA gayA hai ki -"kAussaggaM tao kujjA, svvdukkhmokkhnnN| kAyotsarga saba du:khoM kA kSaya karane vAlA hai|| kAyotsarga kI yogyatA pratikramaNa ke pazcAt hI AtI hai| pratikramaNa meM pApoM kI AlocanA ho jAne se citta pUrNa rUpa se nirmala bana jAtA hai, jisase sAdhaka dharma-dhyAna aura zukla-dhyAna meM ekAgratA prApta kara sakatA hai|

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450 6. pratyAkhyAna chaThe Avazyaka kA nAma pratyAkhyAna hai| isakA artha hai- tyAga karanA / pratyAkhyAna kI racanA prati + A + AkhyAna ina tInoM zabdoM ke saMyoga se huI hai| pravacanasAroddhAravRtti meM vyAkhyA karate hue likhA hai- avirati svarUpa prabhRti pratikUlatA A-maryAdayA AkAra - karaNa svarUpayA AkhyAnaM -kathanaM pratyAkhyAnam / jinavANI- jainAgama-sAhitya vizeSAGka avirati aura asaMyama ke pratikUla rUpa meM maryAdA ke sAtha pratijJA grahaNa karanA pratyAkhyAna hai| mAnava apane mana meM kaI icchAoM kA saMgraha rakhatA hai / una icchAoM para niyaMtraNa karanA hI pratyAkhyAna hai| jisase Asakti aura tRSNA samApta ho jAtI hai| jaba taka Asakti banI rahatI hai taba taka zAnti prApta nahIM ho sktii| sAmAyika, caturviMzatistava, vandana, pratikramaNa aura kAyotsarga ke dvArA Atmazuddhi kI jAtI hai / usako dRr3ha rakhane ke liye pratyAkhyAna kiye jAte haiN| anuyoga meM pratyAkhyAna ko eka nAma aura diyA hai 'guNadhAraNa' / isakA tAtparya hai ki vratarUpI guNoM ko dhAraNa karanA / mana, vacana aura kAyA ke yogoM ko rokakara zubha yogoM meM pravRtti kendrita karanA / zubha yogoM meM kendrita karane se icchAoM kA nirodha hotA hai, tRSNAe~ zAnta ho jAtI haiM, aneka guNoM kI upalabdhi hotI hai| Avazyaka niyukti meM bhadrabAhu svAmI ne batAyA ki tRSNA ke aMta meM anupama upazama bhAva utpanna hotA hai aura usase pratyAkhyAna vizuddha banatA hai / upazama bhAva kI vizuddhi se cAritra dharma prakaTa hotA hai cAritra se karma nirjIrNa hote haiN| usameM kevalajJAna, kevaladarzana kA divya Aloka jagamagAne lagatA hai aura zAzvata sukha kI prApti hotI hai| Avazyaka sUtra eka aisA mahattvapUrNa sUtra hai| usa para sabase adhika vyAkhyAe~ likhI gaI haiN| AgamoM para dasa niryukyiA~ likhI gayI haiM / unameM prathama niyukti kA nAma Avazyaka niryukti hai / usameM aneka mahattvapUrNa viSayoM para vistAra se carcA kI gaI hai| anya niyuktiyoM ko samajhane ke lie Avazyaka niyukti ko samajhanA par3atA hai| ataH Avazyaka sUtra sAdhaka jIvana ke liye bahuta hI upayogI hai| jisase manuSya jIvana kI dainika kriyAoM meM kisa taraha pApa se bacakara dharma ke mArga para agrasara huA jAya, yaha prAyogika vidhi apane jIvana ke antima lakSya taka pahu~cane kI sarvazreSTha kuMjI hai / anekAneka bhavya jIva isakI ArAdhanA karake isa AtmA ke antima par3Ava para pahuMca ge| isa jIva ko janma maraNa se mukta kara liyA aura anaMta sukha meM lIna ho ge| - sI 26, devanagara, ToMka roDa, jayapura (rAja.)

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Agama-sAhitya meM prakIrNakoM kA sthAna, mahattva, racanAkAla evaM racayitA DaoN. sAgaramala jaina Agama-vibhAjana meM aMga, upAMga, cheda evaM mUlasUtra to prasiddha hI haiM, kintu inake atirikta zvetAmbara, mUrtipUjaka paramparA meM prakIrNakoM ko bhI Agama- zreNI meM rakhA gayA hai| prakIrNakoM meM se nau kA ullekha nandIsUtra meM kAlika- utkAlika sUtra-vibhAjana meM kiyA gayA hai| zvetAmbara martipajaka paramparA meM 45 Agama-mAnyatA ke antargata 10 prakIrNaka sUtroM kI gaNanA kI jAtI hai, kintu prAcIna evaM arvAcIna prakIrNakoM kI kula saMkhyA 30 ke AsapAsa ho gaI hai| jaina dharma-darzana ke mUrdhanya manISI vidvAn DaoN0 sAgaramala jI jaina ne prastuta lekha meM kaI prakIrNakoM ko prAcIna evaM sampradAyagata AgrahoM se mukta batAte hue inake adhyayana kI upayogitA para bala diyA hai| prakIrNakoM ke racanAkAla, racayitA evaM mahattva para saMkSipta kintu mahattvapUrNa jAnakArI isa Alekha meM samAviSTa hai| -sampAdaka kisI bhI dhArmika paramparA kA AdhAra usake dharmagrantha hote haiM, jinheM vaha pramANabhUta mAnakara calatI hai| jisa prakAra musalamAnoM ke liye kurAna, IsAiyoM ke liye bAibila, bauddhoM ke liye tripiTaka aura hinduoM ke liye veda pramANUbhUta grantha haiM, usI prakAra jainoM ke liye Agama pramANabhUta grantha hai| sarvaprathama tattvArthasUtra, nandIsUtra aura pAkSikasUtra meM AgamoM kA vargIkaraNa aMgabAhya ke rUpa meM kiyA gayA hai| paramparAgata avadhAraNA yaha hai ki tIrthakaroM dvArA upadiSTa aura gaNadharoM dvArA racita grantha aMgapraviSTa Agama kahe jAte haiN| inakI saMkhyA bAraha hai, jo zvetAmbara aura digambara donoM paramparAoM meM samAna rUpa se svIkRta hai| ina aMga AgamoM ke nAma haiM- 1. AcArAMga, 2. sUtrakRtAMga 3. sthAnAMga 4. samavAyAMga 5. vyAkhyAprajJapti 6. jJAtAdharmakathAMga 7. upAsakadazAMga 8. antakaddazAMga 9. anuttaropapAtikadazA 10 praznavyAkaraNadazA 11. vipAkadazA aura 12. dRssttivaad| inake nAma aura krama ke saMbaMdha meM bhI donoM paramparAoM meM ekarUpatA hai| mUlabhUta antara yaha hai ki jahAM zvetAmbara paramparA Aja bhI dRSTivAda ke atirikta zeSa gyAraha aMgoM kA astitva svIkAra karatI hai, vahAM digambara paramparA Aja mAtra dRSTivAda ke AdhAra para nirmita kasAyapAhuDa, SaTakhaNDAgama Adi ke atirikta ina aMga-AgamoM ko vilupta mAnatI hai| ___aMgabAhya grantha ve haiM jo jinavacana ke AdhAra para sthaviroM ke dvArA likhe gaye haiN| nandIsUtra meM aMgabAhya AgamoM ko bhI prathamata: do bhAgoM meM vibhAjita kiyA gayA hai- 1. Avazyaka 2. Avazyaka vytirikt| Avazyaka ke antargata sAmAyika, caturvizatistava, vaMdanA , pratikramaNa, kAyotsarga aura pratyAkhyAna- ye cha: grantha sammilita rUpa se Ate haiM, jinheM Aja AvazyakasUtra ke nAma se jAnA jAtA hai| isI grantha meM Avazyaka

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- 1452 jinavANI- jainAgama-sAhitya vizeSAGka vyatirikta Agama granthoM ko bhI puna: do bhAgoM meM vibhAjita kiyA gayA hai1. kAlika aura 2. utkaalik| Aja prakIrNakoM meM vargIkRta nau grantha inhIM do bhAgoM ke antargata ullikhita haiN| isameM kAlika ke antargata RSibhASita aura dvIpasAgaraprajJapti, ina do prakIrNakoM kA ullekha milatA hai, jabaki utkAlika ke antargata devendrastava, tandulavaicArika, candravedhyaka, gaNividyA, AturapratyAkhyAna, mahApratyAkhyAna aura maraNavibhakti ina sAta prakIrNakoM kA ullekha hai| prAcIna AgamoM meM aisA kahIM bhI spaSTa ullekha nahIM hai ki amuka-amuka grantha prakIrNaka ke antargata Ate haiN| nandIsUtra aura pAkSika sUtra donoM meM hI AgamoM ke vibhinna vargoM meM kahIM bhI prakIrNaka varga kA ullekha nahIM hai| yadyapi ina donoM granthoM meM Aja hama jinheM prakIrNaka mAna rahe haiM, unameM se aneka kA ullekha kAlika evaM utkAlika AgamoM ke antargata huA hai| yahAM yaha bhI jJAtavya hai ki AgamoM kA aMga, upAMga, cheda, mUla, cUlikA aura prakIrNaka ke rUpa meM ullekha sarvaprathama AcArya jinaprabha ke vidhimArgaprapA (lagabhaga IsA kI terahavIM zatI) meM milatA hai| isase yaha phalita hotA hai ki terahavIM zatI se pUrva AgamoM ke vargIkaraNa meM kahIM bhI prakIrNaka varga kA spaSTa nirdeza nahIM hai, kintu isase yaha niSkarSa nahIM nikAla lenA cAhiye ki usake pUrva na to prakIrNaka sAhitya thA aura na hI unakA koI ullekha thaa| aMga AgamoM meM sarvaprathama samavAyAMga sUtra meM prakIrNaka zabda kA ullekha huA hai| usameM kahA gayA hai ki bhagavAna RSabhadeva ke caurAsI hajAra ziSyoM dvArA racita caurAsI hajAra prakIrNaka the| paramparAgata avadhAraNA yaha hai ki jisa tIrthaMkara ke jitane ziSya hote haiM, usake zAsana meM utane hI prakIrNaka granthoM kI racanA hotI hai| sAmAnyatayA prakIrNaka zabda kA tAtparya hotA hai- vividha grnth| mujhe aisA lagatA hai ki prArambha meM AgamoM ke atirikta sabhI grantha prakIrNaka kI koTi meM mAne jAte the| aMga-AgamoM se itara Avazyaka, Avazyaka vyatirikta, kAlika evaM utkAlika ke rUpa meM vargIkRta sabhI grantha prakIrNaka kahalAte the| mere isa kathana kA pramANa yaha hai ki SakhaNDAgama kI dhavalA TIkA meM bAraha aMga-AgamoM se bhinna aMgabAhya granthoM ko prakIrNaka kA nAma diyA gayA hai| usameM uttarAdhyayana, dazavaikAlika, RSibhASita Adi ko bhI prakIrNaka hI kahA gayA hai| yaha bhI jJAtavya hai ki prakIrNaka nAma se abhihita athavA prakIrNaka varga meM samAhita sabhI granthoM ke nAma ke anta meM prakIrNaka zabda nahIM milatA hai| mAtra kucha hI grantha aise haiM jinake nAma ke anta meM prakIrNaka zabda kA ullekha huA hai| phira bhI itanA nizcita hai ki prakIrNakoM kA astitva ati prAcIna kAla meM bhI rahA hai, cAhe

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Agama-sAhitya meM prakIrNakoM kA sthAna,mahattva,racanAkAla evaM racayitA 453 unheM prakIrNaka nAma se abhihita kiyA gayA ho athavA na kiyA gayA ho| nandIsUtrakAra ne aMga-AgamoM ko chor3akara Agama rUpa meM mAnya sabhI granthoM ko prakIrNaka kahA hai| ata: prakIrNaka zabda Aja jitane saMkucita artha meM hai utanA pUrva meM nahIM thaa| umAsvAti aura devavAcaka ke samaya meM to aMga-AgamoM ke atirikta zeSa AgamoM ko prakIrNaka meM hI samAhita kiyA jAtA thaa| isase jaina Agama sAhitya meM prakIrNaka kA kyA sthAna hai, yaha siddha ho jAtA hai| prAcIna dRSTi se to aMga-AgamoM ke atirikta sampUrNa jaina Agamika sAhitya prakIrNaka varga ke antargata AtA hai| vartamAna meM prakIrNaka varga ke antargata dasa grantha mAnane kI jo paramparA hai, vaha na kevala arvAcIna hai, apitu isa saMdarbha meM zvetAmbara AcAryoM meM paraspara matabheda bhI hai ki ina dasa prakIrNakoM meM kauna se grantha samAhita kiye jaaeN| pradyumnasUri ne vicArasAraprakaraNa (caudahavIM zatAbdI) meM paitAlIsa AgamoM kA ullekha karate hue kucha prakIrNakoM kA ullekha kiyA hai| Agama prabhAkara munipuNyavijayajI ne cAra alaga-alaga saMdarbho meM prakIrNakoM kI alaga-alaga sUciyAM prastuta kI haiN|' ata: dasa prakIrNakoM ke antargata kina-kina granthoM ko samAhita karanA cAhiye, isa saMdarbha meM zvetAmbara AcAryoM meM kahIM bhI ekarUpatA dekhane ko nahIM milatI hai| isase yaha phalita hotA hai ki prakIrNaka granthoM kI saMkhyA dasa hai, yaha mAnyatA na kevala paravartI hai apitu usameM ekarUpatA kA abhAva hai| bhinna-bhinna zvetAmbara AcArya bhinna-bhinna sUciyAM prastuta karate rahe haiN| unameM kucha nAmoM meM to ekarUpatA hotI hai, kintu sabhI nAmoM meM ekarUpatA kA abhAva pAyA jAtA hai| jahAM taka digambara paramparA kA prazna hai usameM tattvArthabhASya kA anusaraNa karate hue aMga- AgamoM ke atirikta anya granthoM ko prakIrNaka kahane kI hI paramparA rahI hai| ata: prakIrNakoM kI saMkhyA amuka hI hai, yaha kahane kA koI prAmANika AdhAra nahIM hai| vastuta: aMga-Agama sAhitya ke atirikta sampUrNa aMgabAhya Agama sAhitya prakIrNaka ke antargata Ate haiN| isa prakAra prakIrNaka sAhitya jaina Agama sAhitya ke ati vizAla bhAga kA paricAyaka hai aura unakI saMkhyA ko dasa taka sImita karane kA dRSTikoNa paryApta rUpa se paravartI aura vivAdAspada hai| prakIrNaka sAhitya kA mahattva yadyapi vartamAna meM zvetAmbara jainoM ke sthAnakavAsI aura terApaMthI sampradAya prakIrNakoM ko AgamoM ke antargata mAnya nahIM karate haiM, kintu prakIrNakoM kI viSayavastu kA adhyayana karane se aisA lagatA hai ki aneka prakIrNaka aMga-AgamoM kI apekSA bhI sAdhanA kI dRSTi se mahattvapUrNa haiN| yadyapi yaha satya hai ki AcArya vIrabhadra dvArA IsA kI dasavIM zatI meM racita

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[454 jinavANI- jainAgama-sAhitya vizeSAGka kucha prakIrNaka arvAcIna haiM, kintu isase sampUrNa prakIrNakoM kI arvAcInatA siddha nahIM hotii| viSaya vastu kI dRSTi se prakIrNaka sAhitya meM jaina vidyA ke vividha pakSoM para prakAza DAlA gayA hai| jahAM taka devendrastava aura dvIpasAgaraprajJapti prakIrNaka kA prazna hai, ve mukhyata: jaina khagola aura bhUgola kI carcA karate haiN| isI prakAra titthogAlI prakIrNaka meM bhI jaina kAla vyavasthA kA citraNa vibhinna bhaugolika kSetroM ke saMdarbha meM huA hai jyotiSkaraNDaka aura gaNividyA prakIrNaka kA saMbaMdha mukhyatayA jaina jyotiSa se hai| titthogAlI prakIrNaka mukhyarUpa se prAcIna jaina itihAsa ko prastuta karatA hai| zvetAmbara paramparA meM titthogAlI hI ekamAtra aisA prakIrNaka hai jisameM AgamajJAna ke kramika uccheda kI bAta kahI gaI hai| sArAvalI prakIrNaka meM mukhya rUpase zatrujaya mahAtIrtha kI kathA aura mahattva ullikhita hai| taMdulavaicArika prakIrNaka jaina jIvavijJAna kA sundara aura saMkSipta paricaya prastuta karatA hai| isI prakAra aMgavidyA nAmaka prakIrNaka mAnava zarIra ke aMga-pratyaMgoM ke vivaraNa ke sAtha-sAtha unake zubhAzubha lakSaNoM kA meM citraNa karatA hai aura unake AdhAra para phalAdeza bhI prastuta karatA hai| isa prakAra isa grantha kA saMbaMdha zarIra racanA evaM phalita jyotiSa donoM viSayoM se hai| gacchAcAra prakIrNaka meM jaina saMgha-vyavasthA kA citraNa upalabdha hotA hai jabaki candravedhyaka prakIrNaka meM guru-ziSya ke saMbaMdha evaM zikSA-saMbaMdhoM ka nirdeza hai| vIrastava prakIrNaka meM mahAvIra ke vividha vizeSaNoM ke artha ke vyutpattiparaka vyAkhyA kI gaI hai| catu:zaraNa prakIrNaka meM mukhya rUpa se caturvidha saMgha ke mahattva ko spaSTa karate hue jaina sAdhanA kA paricaya diyA gaya hai| AturapratyAkhyAna, mahApratyAkhyAna, maraNasamAdhi, saMstAraka ArAdhanApatAkA ArAdhanAprakaraNa bhaktapratyAkhyAna Adi prakIrNaka jaisAdhanA ke antima caraNa samAdhimaraNa kI pUrva taiyArI aura usakI sAdhanA ka vizeSa vidhiyoM kA citraNa prastuta karate haiN| isa prakAra prakIrNaka sAhitya meM jaina vidyA ke vividha pakSoM kA samAveza haA hai, jo jaina sAhitya ke kSetra meM unake mUlya aura mahattva ko spaSTa kara detA hai| prakIrNaka sAhitya kA racanAkAla jahAM taka prakIrNakoM kI prAcInatA kA prazna hai unameM se aneka prakIrNakoM kA ullekha nandIsUtra meM hone se ve usase prAcIna siddha ho jAte haiM mAtra yahI nahIM, prakIrNaka nAma se abhihita granthoM meM se aneka te aMga-Agama kI apekSA prAcIna stara ke rahe haiM, kyoMki RSibhASita ka sthAnAMga evaM samavAyAMga meM ullekha hai| RSibhASita Adi kacha aise prakIrNaka haiM jo bhASA-zailI, viSaya vastu Adi aneka AdhAroM para AcArAMga sUtra ke prathama zrutaskandha ko chor3akara zeSa AgamoM kI apekSA bhI prAcIna haiM

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Agama-sAhitya meM prakIrNakoM kA sthAna mahattva.racanAkAla evaM racayitA - 455 RSibhASita usa kAla kA grantha hai, jaba jainadharma sImita sImAoM meM Abaddha nahIM huA thA varan usameM anya paramparAoM ke zramaNoM ko bhI AdarapUrvaka sthAna prApta thaa| isa grantha kI racanA usa yuga meM saMbhava nahIM thI, jaba jainadharma bhI sampradAya ke kSudra ghere meM Abaddha ho gyaa| lagabhaga I.pU. tIsarI zatAbdI se jainadharma meM jo sAmpradAyika abhiniveza dRr3ha ho rahe the, usake saMketa sUtrakRtAMga aura bhagavatIsUtra jaise prAcIna AgamoM meM mila rahe haiN| bhagavatIsUtra meM jisa maMkhaliputra gozAlaka kI kaTu AlocanA hai, use RSibhASita arhat RSi kahatA hai| AturapratyAkhyAna, mahApratyAkhyAna, taMdulavaicArika, maraNavibhakti Adi prakIrNaka sAhitya ke aise grantha haiM- jo sampradAyagata AgrahoM se mukta haiN| sUtrakRtAMgasUtra meM RSibhASita ke aneka RSiyoM kA sammAnapUrvaka ullekha aura unheM arhat paramparA dvArA sammata mAnA jAnA bhI yahI sUcita karatA hai ki RSibhASita jaise kucha prAcIna prakIrNakoM kI bhASA kA ardhamAgadhI svarUpa tathA AgamoM kI apekSA unakI bhASA meM mahArASTrI bhASA kI alpatA bhI yahI siddha karatI hai ki ye grantha prAcIna stara ke haiN| nandIsUtra meM prakIrNaka ke nAma se abhihita nau granthoM kA ullekha bhI yahI siddha karatA hai ki kama se kama ye nau prakIrNaka to nandIsUtra se pUrvavartI haiN| nandIsUtra kA kAla vidvAnoM ne vikrama kI pAMcavI zatI mAnA hai, ata: ye prakIrNaka usase pUrva ke haiN| isI prakAra samavAyAMga sUtra meM spaSTa rUpa se prakIrNakoM kA nirdeza bhI yahI siddha karatA hai ki samavAyAMgasUtra ke racanAkAla arthAt vikrama kI tIsarI zatI meM bhI aneka prakIrNakoM kA astitva thaa| ___ ina prakIrNakoM meM devendrastava ke racanAkAra RSipAlita haiN| kalpasUtra sthavirAvalI meM RSipAlita kA ullekha hai| inakA kAla IsA pUrva prathama zatI ke lagabhaga hai| isakI vistRtacarcA hamane devendrastava kI prastAvanA meM kI hai| abhI-abhI saMbodhi patrikA meM zrI lalita kumAra kA eka zodha lekha prakAzita huA hai, jisameM unhoneM purAtAttvika AdhAroM para yaha siddha kiyA hai ki devendrastava kI racanA I.pU. prathama zatI meM yA usake bhI kucha pUrva huI hogii| prakIrNakoM meM nimnalikhita prakIrNaka vIrabhadra kI racanA kahe jAte haiMcausaraNa, AurapaccakkhANa, bhattapariNa aura aaraadhnaaptaakaa| ArAdhanApatAkA kI prazasti meM vikkamanivakAlAo atRttarima-samAsahassammi' yA pAThabheda se aThutarottarasamAsahassammi' ke ullekha ke anusAra inakA racanAkAla vikrama saMvat 1008 yA 1079 siddha hotA hai| isa prakAra prakIrNaka nAma se abhihita granthoM meM jahAM RSibhASita I.pU. pAMcavI zatI kI racanA hai, vahIM ArAdhanApatAkA I.san kI dasavIM yA gyArahavIM zatI ke pUrvArddha kI racanA hai| isa prakAra prakIrNaka sAhitya meM samAhita grantha lagabhaga pandraha sau vaja kI sudIrgha avadhi meM nirmita hote rahe haiM, phira bhI causaraNa, paravartI

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PARAL 1456 jinavANI- jainAgama-sAhitya vizeSAGka AurapaccakkhANa, bhattapariNaNA, saMthAraga aura ArAhanApaDAyA ko chor3akara zeSa prakIrNaka I. san kI pAMcavI zatI ke pUrva kI racanAe~ haiN| jJAtavya hai ki mahAvIra jaina vidyAlaya, bambaI se prakAzita 'paiNNayasuttAi' meM ArapaccakkhANa paravartI hai, kintu nandIsUtra meM ullikhata ArapaccakkhANa to prAcIna hI hai| yahAM para yaha bhI jJAtavya hai ki prakIrNakoM kI aneka gAthAe~ zvetAmbara mAnya aMga-AgamoM evaM uttarAdhyayanasUtra, dazavaikAlikasUtra jaise prAcIna stara ke Agama granthoM meM bhI pAyI jAtI hai| gadya aMga AgamoM, meM padyarUpa meM ina gAthAoM kI upasthiti bhI yahI siddha karatI hai ki unameM ye gAthAe~ prakIrNakoM se avaMtarita hai| yaha kArya valabhIvAcanA ke pUrva huA hai, ata: phalita hotA hai ki nandIsUtra meM ullikhata prakIrNaka valabhIvAcanA ke pUrva racita hai| taMdulavaicArika 'kA ullekha dazavaikAlika kI prAcIna agastyasiMha cUrNi meM hai| isase usakI prAcInatA siddha ho jAtI hai| yahacUrNi anya cUrNiyoM kI apekSA prAcIna mAnI gayI hai| digambara paramparA meM mUlAcAra, bhagavatI ArAdhanA aura kundakunda ke granthoM meM prakIrNakoM kI saikar3oM gAthAeM apane zaurasenI rUpAntaraNa meM milatI hai| mUlAcAra ke saMkSipta pratyAkhyAna aura mahApratyAkhyAna ina donoM prakIrNakoM kI lagabhaga sattara se adhika gAthAe~ haiN| isI prakAra maraNavibhakti prakIrNaka kI lagabhaga zatAdhika gAthAe~ bhagavatI ArAdhanA meM milatI haiN| isase yaha phalita hotA hai ki ye prakIrNaka grantha mUlAcAra evaM bhagavatI ArAdhanA ke pUrva ke haiN| mUlAcAra evaM bhagavatI ArAdhanA ke racanAkAla ko lekara cAhe kitanA bhI matabheda ho, kintu itanA nizcita hai ki ye grantha IsA kI chaThI zatI se paravartI nahIM hai| yadyapi yaha prazna uThAyA jA sakatA hai ki prakIrNaka meM ye gAthAeM ina yApanIya/acela paramparA ke granthoM se lI gayI hoMgI, kintu aneka pramANoM ke AdhAra para yaha dAvA nirasta ho jAtA hai| jinameM se kucha pramANa isa prakAra 1. guNasthAna siddhAnta umAsvAti ke tattvArtha sUtra aura AcArAMga niyukti kI racanA ke pazcAt lagabhaga pAMcavI chaThI zatI meM astitva meM AyA hai| cUMki mUlAcAra aura bhagavatI ArAAdhanA donoM granthoM meM guNasthAna kA ullekha milatA hai, ata: ye grantha pAMcavI zatI ke bAda kI racanAe~ hai jabaki AturapratyAkhyAna, mahApratyAkhyAna aura maraNasamAdhi kA ullekha nandIsUtra meM hone se ye grantha pAMcavI zatI ke parva kI racanAeM hai| 2. mUlAcAra meM saMkSiptapratyAkhyAna aura mahApratyAkhyAna nAmaka adhyayana banAkara unameM AturapratyAkhyAna aura mahApratyAkhyAna nAmaka donoM granthoM ko samAhita kiyA gayA hai| isase yaha siddha hotA hai ki ye grantha

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Agama-sAhitya meM prakIrNakoM kA sthAna,mahattva,racanAkAla evaM racayitA 45.7 pUrvavartI hai aura mUlAcAra paravartI hai| 3. bhagavatI ArAdhanA meM bhI maraNavibhakti kI aneka gAthAe samAna rUpa se milatI haiN| varNya viSaya kI samAnatA hote hae bhI bhagavatI ArAdhanA meM jo vistAra hai, vaha maraNavibhakti meM nahIM hai| prAcIna stara ke grantha mAtra zrutaparamparA se kaNThastha kiye jAte the, ata: ve AkAra mekaM saMkSipta hote the tAki unheM sugamatA se yAda rakhA jA sake, jabaki lekhana paramparA ke vikasita hone ke pazcAt vizAlakAya grantha nirmita hone lge| mUlAcAra aura bhagavatI ArAdhanA donoM vizAla grantha hai, ata: ve prakIrNakoM se apekSAkRta paravartI hai| vastuta: prakIrNaka sAhitya ke ve sabhI granatha jo nandIsUtra aura pAkSika sUtra meM ullikhita haiM aura vartamAna meM upalabdha haiM, nizcita hI IsA kI pAMcavI zatI pUrva ke haiN| prakIrNakoM meM jyotiSakaraNDaka nAmaka prakIrNaka kA bhI mahattvapUrNa sthAna hai| isameM zramaNa gandhahastI aura pratihastI kA ullekha milatA hai| isameM yaha bhI kahA gayA hai ki jisa viSaya kA sUryaprajJati meM vistAra se vivecana hai,usI ko saMkSepa meM yahAM diyA gayA hai| tAtparya yaha hai ki yaha prakIrNaka sUryaprajJapti ke Adhara para nirmita kiyA gayA hai| isameMkartA ke rUpa meM pAdaliptAcArya kA bhI yaha spaSTaullekha huA hai| pAdaliptAcArya kA ullekha niyukti sAhitya meM bhI upalabdha hotA hai (lagabhaga IsA kI prathama zatI) isase yahI phalita hotA hai ki jyotiSkaraNDaka kA racanAkAla bhI I. san kI prathama zatI hai| aMgabAhya AgamoM meM sUryaprajJapti, jisake AdhAra para isa grantha kI racanA huI, eka prAcIna grantha hai kyoMki isameM jo jyotiSa saMbaMdhI vitaraNa haiM, vaha IsvI pUrva ke haiM, usake AdhAra para bhI isakI prAcInatA siddha hotI hai| sAtha hI isakI bhASA meM ardhamAgadhI rUpoM kI pracuratA bhI ise prAcIna grantha siddha karatI hai| ataH prakIrNakoM ke racanAkAla kI pUrva sImA I. pU. caturtha-tRtIya zatI se prArambha hotI hai| paravartI kucha prakIrNaka jaise kuzalAnubaMdhi adhyayana, catu:zaraNa, bhaktaparijJA Adi vIrabhadra kI racanA mAne jato haiM, ve nizcita hI IsA kI dazavI zatI kI racanAeM haiN| isa prakAra prakIrNaka sAhitya kA racanAkAla I. pU. caturtha zatI se prArambha hokara IsA kI dasavI zatI taka arthAt lagabhaga pandraha sau varSoM kI sudIrgha avadhi taka vyApta hai| prakIrNaka ke racayitA prakIrNaka sAhitya ke racanAkAla ke saMbaMdha meM vicAra karate hue hamane yaha pAyA ki adhikAMza prakIrNaka granthoM ke racayitA ka saMdarbha meM kahI koI ullekha nahIM hai| prAcIna stara ke prakIrNakoM meM RSibhASita , candravedhyaka, AturapratyAkhyAna, mahApratyAkhyAna, maraNasamAdhi, gaNivadyiA, devendrastava aura jyotiSkaraNDaka do hI prAcIna prakIrNaka aise haiM, jinakI antima gAthAoM meM

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1458 2 jinavANI- jainAgama-sAhitya vizeSAGka | spaSTa rUpa se lekhaka ke nAmoM kA ullekha huA hai|" devendrastava ke kartA ke rUpa meM RSipAlita aura jyotiSkaraNDaka ke kartA ke rUpa meM pAdaliptAcArya ke nAmoM kA ulalekha kalpasUtra sthavirAvalI meM mahAvIra kI paTTaparamparA meM terahaveM sthAna para AtA hai aura isa AdhAra para ve I.pU. prathama zatAbdI ke lagabhaga ke siddha hote haiN| kalpasUtra sthavirAvalI meM inake dvArA koTikagaNa kI RSipAlita zAkhA prArambha huI, aisAbhI ullekha hai| isa saMdarbha meM aura vistAra se cacA hamane devendrastava prakIrNaka kI bhUmikA meM kI hai| devendrastava ke kartA RSipAlita kA samaya lagabhaga I.pU. prathama zatAbdI hai| isa tathya kI puSTi zrI lalita kumAra ne apane eka zodha lekha meM kI hai, jisakA nirdeza bhI hama pUrva meM kara cuke haiN| jyotiSakaraNDaka ke kartA pAdaliptAcArya kA ullekha hameM niryukta sAhitya meM upalabdha hotA hai| AryarakSita ke samakAlika hone se ve lagIga IsA kI prathama zatAbdI ke hI siddha hote haiN| unake vyaktitva ka saMdarbha meM bhI cUrNi sAhitya aura paravartI prabandhoM meM vistAra se ullekha milatA hai| kusalANubaMdhi adhyayana aura bhakta parijJA ke kartA ke rUpa meM bhI AcArya vIrabhadra kA hI ullekha milatA hai| vIrabhadra ke kAla ke saMbaMdha meM aneka pravAda pracalita haiM jinakI carcA hamane gacchAcAra prakIrNaka kI bhUmikA meM kI hai| hamArI dRSTi meM vIrabhadra IsA kI dasavIM zatAbdI ke uttarArddha aura gyArahavI zatAbdI ke pUrvArddha ke AcArya hai| isa prakAra niSkaLa rUpa meM hama yaha kaha sakate hai ki IsvI pUrva caturtha zatAbdI se lekara IsA kI dasavI zatAbdI taka lagabhaga pandraha sau varSoM kI sudIrgha avadhi meM prakIrNaka sAhitya likhA jAtA rahA hai| kintu itanA nizcita hai ki adhikAMza mahattvapUrNa grantha IsA kI pAMcavI-chaThI zatAbdI taka likhe jA cuke the| ve sabhI prakIrNaka jo nandIsUtra meM ullikhata haiM, vastuta: prAcIna haiM aura unameM jainoM ke sampradAyagata vibheda kI koI sUcanA nahIM hai| mAtra titthogAlI, sArAvalI Adi kucha paravartI prakIrNakoM meM prakArAntara se jainoM ke sAmpradAyika matabhedoM kI kiMcita sUcanA milatI hai| prAcIna stara ke ina prakIrNakoM meM se adhikAMza mUlata: AdhyAtmika sAdhanA aura vizeSa rUpa se samAdhimaraNa kI sAdhanA ke viSaya meM prakAza DAlate hai| ye grantha nivRttimUlaka jIvanadRSTi ke prastotA haiN| yaha hamArA durbhAgya hai ki jaina paramparA ke kucha sampradAyoM meM vizeSa rUpa se digambara, sthAnakavAsI aura terApaMthI paramparAoM meM inakI Agama rUpa mAnyatA nahIM hai, kintu yadi niSpakSa bhAva se ina prakIrNakoM kA adhyayana kiyA jAya to inameM aisA kuchabhI nahIMhai jo ina paramparAoM kI mAnyatA ke virodha meM jAtA ho| Agama saMsthAna, udayapura dvArA ina prakIrNakoM kA hindI meM anuvAda karake jo mahattvapUrNa kArya kiyA jA rahA

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Agama-sAhitya meM prakIrNakoM kA sthAna mahattva racanAkAla evaM racayitA 459 hai, AzA hai usake mAdhyama se ye grantha una paramparAoM meM bhI pahuMcege aura unameM inake adhyayana aura paThana- pAThana kI ruci vikasita hogii| vastuta: prakIrNaka sAhitya kI upekSA prAkRta sAhitya ke eka mahattvapUrNa pakSa kI upekSA hai| isa dizA meM Agama saMsthAna, udayapura ne sAmpradAyika AgrahoM se Upara uThakara inake anuvAda ko prakAzita karane kI yojanA ko apane hAtha meM liyA aura inakA prakAzana karake apanI udAravRtti kA paricaya diyA hai| prakIrNaka sAhitya ke samIkSAtmaka adhyayana ke uddezya ko lekara inake dvArA prakAzita 'prakIrNaka sAhitya : adhyayana evaM samIkSA' nAmaka pustaka prakIrNakoM ke viSaya meM vistRta jAnakArI detI hai| AzA hai sudhIjana saMsthA ke ina prayatnoM ko protsAhita kareMge, jisake mAdhyama se prAkRta sAhitya kI yaha amUlya nidhi jana-jana taka pahuMcakara unake AtmakalyANa meM sahAyaka bnegii| saMdarbha 1. 'aMgabAhiracoddasapaiNNayajjhAyA'-dhavalA, pustaka 13, khaNDa 5, bhAga5, sUtra 48, pR. 267, uddhRta- jainendra siddhAnta koza, pR. 70 / 2. vahI, pR. 70 3. nandIsUtra, sampAdaka muni madhukara, agAma prakAza samiti, byAvara 1982, sUtra 81 4. uddhRta-paiNNayasuttAiM, sampAdaka muni puNyavijaya, mahAvIra jaina vidyAlaya, bambaI 1984, bhAga1 , prastAvanA, pu. 21 5. vahI, prastAvanA pR. 20-21 6. (ka) sthAnAMga sUtra, sampAdaka madhukaramuni, Agama prakAza samiti, byAvara, 1981, sthAna 10, sUtra 116 (kha) samavAyAMga sUtra, sampAdaka muni madhukara, Agama prakAzana samiti, byAvara, 1982, samavAya 44, sUtra 258 / 7. devidatthao (devendrastava), Agama, ahiMsA samatA evaM prAkRta saMsthAna, udayapura 1988, bhUmikA pR. 18-22 8. Sambodhi, L.D.Institute of Indology, Ahmedabad, Vol. XVIII, Year 1992-93, pp. 74-76 9. ArAdhanApatAkA (AcArya vIrabhadra) gAthA 987 10. dazavaikAlika cUrNi pR.3, paM. 12-uddhRta paiNNayasuttAI, bhAga 1, prastAvanA pR. 19 / 11. (ka) devendrastava prakIrNaka, gAthA 310 (kha) jyotiSkaraNDaka prakIrNaka, gAthA 403---406 / 12. deviMdatthao, bhUmikA, pR. 18-22 13. piMDaniyukti, gAthA 418 / 14. (ka) kusalaNubaMdhi adhyayana prakIrNaka, gAthA 63 / (kha) bhaktaparijJA prakIrNaka, gAthA 172 15. gacchAyAra paiNNayaM (gacchAcAra prakIrNaka), Agama ahiMsA samatA evaM prAkRta saMsthAna, udayapura, 1994, bhUmikA pu. 20-21 / ___ -sAgara TenTa hAusa, naI sar3aka, zAjApura (ma.pra.)

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prakIrNaka-sAhitya : eka paricaya DaoN. suSamA siMghavI prakIrNaka-sAhitya bhI jaina Agama vAGmaya kA muktAmaNi hai| eka-eka prakIrNaka prAyaH eka viSaya ko pradhAna banAkara usakA vivecana karatA hai| inameM samAdhimaraNa, devavimAna, garbhajanma, khagolavidyA, jyotirvijJAna evaM AdhyAtmika unayana ke sUtroM kI carcA hai| koTA khulA vizvavidyAlaya ke udayapura kendra kI nidezaka evaM jainavidyA meM niSNAta DaoN. suSamA jI ne apane Alekha meM prakIrNakoM ke saMbaMdha meM Avazyaka carcA karate hue katipaya prakIrNakoM kI viSayavastu se avagata karAyA hai| - sampAdaka - umAsvAti aura devavAcaka ke samaya aMga AgamoM ke atirikta zeSa sabhI AgamoM ko prakIrNakoM meM samAhita kiyA jAtA thaa| isase spaSTa hai ki jaina Agama sAhitya meM prakIrNakoM kA mahattvapUrNa sthAna rahA hai| arihanta ke upadiSTa zrutoM ke AdhAra para zramaNanirgrantha bhakti-bhAvanA tathA zraddhAvaza mUla bhAvanA se dUra na rahate hue jina granthoM kA nirmANa karate haiM unheM prakIrNaka kahate haiN| prakIrNaka ko paribhASita karate hue naMdisUtra-cUrNikAra kahate haiM 'arahaMtamaggauvadiDhe jaM suttamaNusarittA kiMci NijjUte (niyU~Dha) te savve paiNNaggA; ahavA suttamaNusarato appaNo vayaNakosalleNa jaM dhammadesaNAdisu (gathapaddhatiNA) bhAsate taM savvaM paiNNaga prakIrNaka eka pAribhASika zabda prayoga hai jisake antargata parigaNita pratyeka grantha meM prAya: eka viziSTa viSayavastu susaMhata hai jo Agama sUtroM ke anusAra pratipAdita hai| bhagavAn RSabhadeva se lekara zramaNa bhagavAna mahAvIra taka vidvAn sthavira sAdhuoM ne svabuddhi kauzala se dharma tathA jaina tattva jJAna ko janasAdhAraNa taka pahu~cAne kI dRSTi se tathA karma-nirjarA ke uddezya se prakIrNakoM kI racanA kii| naMdisUtrakAra ne prakIrNakoM kI sUci ke anta meM 'evamAiyAiM caurAsItI paiNNagasahassAI bhagavato arahao usahassa' khaa|" samavAyAMga sUtra meM bhI 'prakIrNaka' ke ullekha ke avasara para bhagavAn RSabhadeva ke 84 hajAra ziSyoM dvArA racita 84000 prakIrNaka hone kA nirUpaNa hai| naMdisUtra ke anusAra tIrthakaroM kI jitanI zramaNa sampadA (utkRSTa cAra prakAra kI buddhi vAle divya jJAnI sAdhu ziSya athavA pratyeka buddha) utanI hI prakIrNakoM kI saMkhyA hai| isa prakAra bhagavAn mahAvIra ke caudaha hajAra prakIrNaka hote haiN| sthAnAMga sUtra ke dasaveM sthAna meM bhI ina prakIrNakoM ke kucha nAmollekha milate haiN| vyavahArasUtra ke dasaveM uddezaka meM bhI 19 prakIrNakoM kA nAmollekha hai| pAkSika sUtra meM prakIrNakoM kI jo sUci hai vaha naMdisUtra

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|prakIrNaka-sAhitya : eka paricaya 461 ke anurUpa hI hai tathApi usameM gaNividyA ke sthAna para ANavibhatti nAma hai, sUryaprajJapti ko vahA~ kAlikasUtra meM ginA hai aura naMdisUtra ke atirikta bhI 7 aura nAma vahA~ haiM jinakA ullekha sthAnAMga va vyavahArasUtra meM hai| SaTkhaNDAgama kI dhavalATIkA meM bhI 19 prakIrNakoM ke nAma haiN| isameM 12 aMga AgamoM se bhinna aMgabAhya granthoM ko prakIrNaka saMjJA dI hai - 'aMgabAhiracoddasa paiNNayajjhAyA', usameM uttarAdhyayana, dazavaikAlika, RSibhASita Adi ko bhI prakIrNaka hI kahA gayA hai| prakIrNakoM ke kucha nAma joganaMdI aura vidhimArgaprapA nAmaka prAcIna racanAoM meM bhI prApta hote haiN| RSibhASita kA sandarbha samavAyAMga, tattvArthasvopajJabhASya Adi meM bhI prApta hotA hai| naMdisUtra, sthAnAMgasUtra, vyavahArasUtra, dhavalA, pAkSika Adi sUtroM meM ginAe gaye aneka granthoM kA kramaza: viccheda hotA rahA, sAtha hI kaI zreNya mAnya zAstragrantha prakIrNakoM kI zreNI meM jur3ate bhI gaye ata: sarvamAnya rUpa se prakIrNakoM kI saMkhyA nizcita nahIM ho skii| gyAraha aMga, bArahaveM dRSTivAda aura Avazyaka sUtroM ke nAmoM ke bAre meM koI vivAda nahIM rahA aura inheM kabhI prakIrNaka saMjJA bhI nahIM dI gii| naMdisUtra meM varNita jaina Agama sAhitya ke vargIkaraNa ke anusAra prakIrNakoM ke rUpa meM svIkRta nau grantha kAlika aura utkAlika ina do vibhAgoM ke antargata ullikhita haiM Agama aMga praviSTa aMga bAhya Avazyaka Avazyaka vyatarikta kAlika utkAlika AcArAMga - sUtrakRtAMga sthAnAMga samavAyAMga vyAkhyAprajJapti jJAtAdharmakathAMga upAsakadazAMga antakRddazAMga anuttaraupapAtikadazA praznavyAkaraNadazA vipAkadazA dRSTivAda sAmAyika caturviMzatistava vaMdanA, pratikramaNa kAyotsarga aura pratyAkhyAna

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|462 - jinavANI- jainAgama-sAhitya vizeSAGka | kAlika ke antargata RSibhASita aura dvIpasAgara prajJapti ina do prakIrNakoM kA ullekha milatA hai tathA utkAlika ke antargata devendrastava, tandulavaicArika, candravedhyaka, gaNividyA, Atura- pratyAkhyAna, mahApratyAkhyAna aura maraNa vibhakti ina sAta prakIrNakoM kA ullekha hai| prAcIna AgamoM meM prakIrNakoM kA nAmollekha hone para bhI unheM aMga-praviSTa Agama' Adi kI taraha 'prakIrNaka' zreNI meM vibhAjita nahIM kiyA gayA thaa| sarvaprathama AcArya jinaprabha ke vidhimArgaprapA meM AgamoM kA aMga, upAMga, cheda, mUla, cUlikA aura prakIrNaka ke rUpa meM ullekha milatA hai| naMdisUtra meM aMga Agama, Avazyaka va prakIrNakoM ko svAdhyAya samaya kI apekSA kAlika evaM utkAlika aise do bhAgoM meM bA~TA gayA thA, kintu kAlAntara meM ina prakIrNakoM ke bAre meM do mahattvapUrNa paripATiyA~ kramaza: vikasita huI :(1) ina prakIrNakoM ko bhI Agama kA darjA diyA gyaa| (2) zvetAmbara sampradAya meM viSayAdi kI apekSAoM se ina prakIrNakoM kA vargIkaraNa bhI huA jaise - 12 prakIrNakoM ko upAMga sUtroM ke samakakSa, 6 prakIrNakoM ko cheda sUtroM ke samakakSa tathA 6 prakIrNakoM ko mUlasUtroM ke samakakSa rakhA gayA tathA zeSa avargIkRta prakIrNakoM ko prakIrNaka-Agama ke nAma se hI pukArA jAne lgaa| zvetAmbara paramparA meM maMdiramArgI 45 Agama (11 aMga + 12 upAMga + 6 cheda + 6 mUla + 10 prakIrNaka) tathA sthAnakavAsI 32 Agama (11 aMga + 12 upAMga + 4 mUla + 4 cheda + 1 Avazyaka sUtra) mAnate haiN| tathA digambara paramparA bArahaveM aMga dRSTivAda para AdhArita kasAyapAhuDa, SaTkhaNDAgama Adi ke atirikta aMga AgamoM ko vilupta mAnatI hai| prophesara sAgara mala jaina ne prakIrNaka kI dasa saMkhyA sambandhI mAnyatA ko paravartI mAnA hai tathA aMga Agama-sAhitya ke atirikta sampUrNa aMga bAhya sAhitya ko prakIrNaka ke antargata mAnane kA pakSa prastuta kiyA hai tathA prakIrNaka zabda kA tAtparya 'vividhagraMtha' kiyA hai| jauharI mala pArakha ne prakIrNaka zabda ko pAribhASika prayoga kahakara prakIrNaka nAma se abhihita grantha ko prAya: eka susaMhata viSayavastu vAlA mAnA hai, unhoMne prakIrNaka zabda ko vistRta, vividha, miksacara Adi sAmAnya artha meM prayukta nahIM mAnA hai| prakIrNakoM kI saMkhyA ke viSaya meM mataikya nahIM hai| yadyapi mandiramArgI zvetAmbara paramparA meM prakIrNakoM kI sakhyA 10 mAnya hai, kintu inameM kaunase grantha samAhita hoM isa viSaya meM matabheda hai| 45 AgamoM meM nimnalikhita 10

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prakIrNaka-sAhitya : eka paricaya 2. AturapratyAkhyAna 3. prakIrNaka mAne jAte hai:- 1. catu: zaraNa mahApratyAkhyAna 4. bhaktaparijJA 5. tandulavaicArika 6. saMstAraka gacchAcAra 8. gaNividyA 9. devendrastava 10. maraNasamAdhi / 7. (10) (11) muni puNyavijaya ne cAra alaga-alaga sandarbhoM meM prakIrNakoM kI alaga-alaga sUciyA~ prastuta kI haiN| 1 kucha granthoM meM gacchAcAra aura maraNa samAdhi ke sthAna para candravedhyaka aura vIrastava ko ginA gayA hai, kahIM bhaktaparijJA ke sthAna para candravedhyaka ko ginA gayA hai| isake atirikta eka hI nAma ke aneka prakIrNaka bhI upalabdha hote haiM yathA 'Aura pcckkhaannN'| Atura pratyAkhyAna ke nAma se tIna grantha upalabdha hote haiN| muni puNyavijaya ke anusAra prakIrNaka nAma se abhihita 22 grantha haiM: -- (1) catu:zaraNa (2) AturapratyAkhyAna (3) bhaktaparijJA ( 4 ) saMstAraka (5) taMdulavaicArika (6) candravedhyaka (7) devendrastava (8) gaNividyA ( 9 ) mahApratyAkhyAna (10) vIrastava (11) RSibhASita (12) ajIvakalpa (13) gacchAcAra (14) maraNasamAdhi (15) tIrthodgAlika (16) ArAdhanApatAkA (17)dvIpasAgaraprajJapti (18) jyotiSkaraNDaka (19) aMgavidyA (20) siddhaprAbhRta (21) sArAvalI (22) jIvavibhakti naMdI aura pAkSikasUtra meM utkAlika sUtravibhAga meM deviMdatthaya, taMdulaveyAliya, caMdAvejjhaya, gaNivijjA, maraNavibhatti maraNasamAhi AurapaccakkhANa, mahApaccakkhANa, ye sAta nAma aura kAlika sUtravibhAga meM isi bhAsiyAI, dIvasAgarapaNNatti ye do nAma isa prakAra 9 nAma pAye jAte haiN| katipaya pramukha prakIrNakoM kA paricaya prastuta hai: 1. deviMdatthao - devendrastava : naMdisUtra aura pAkSika sUtra meM nirdiSTa devendrastava kula 311 gAthAoM meM nibaddha hai| atyanta Rddhi sampanna devagaNa bhI siddhoM kI stuti karate haiM yahI isa grantha kA sArAMza hai| saMvat 1980 meM racita AcArya zrI yazodevasUri kRta pAkSikavRtti meM isakA paricaya upalabdha hai :- 'devidatthao tti devendrANAM camaravairocanAdInAm stavanaM bhavana sthityAdi svarUpAdivarNanaM yatrAsau devendrastava iti / devalokoM kA varNana aura indroM dvArA stutya isa prakAra samAsavigraha paraka donoM viSayoM kA varNana isa grantha meM hai / 463 viSayavastuH:- zramaNa bhagavAn mahAvIra svAmI ke samaya meM zAstrajJAtA koI zrAvaka apane ghara meM prAtaH stuti karatA hai aura usakI patnI hAtha jor3e sunatI hai | zrAvaka ke vaktavya meM battIsa devendra Ate haiM jinheM lakSya kara zrAvaka patnI devendroM ke nAma, sthAna, sthiti, bhavanaparigraha, vimAna saMkhyA, bhavana saMkhyA, nagara saMkhyA, pRthvI bAhulya, bhavanAdi kI U~cAI, vimAnoM ke varNa, AhAra

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464 jinavANI- jainAgama-sAhitya vizeSAGka grahaNa, ucchvAsa- niHzvAsa aura avadhijJAna se sambandhita teraha prazna pUchatI hai (gAthA 7 se 11) / zrAvaka vistAra se unake uttara detA hai (gAthA 12 se 276) / taduparAnta gAthA 277 se 282 meM ISatprAgbhArapRthvI kA varNana hai / 283 se 309 taka kI gAthAoM meM siddhoM ke sthAna - saMsthAnAdi, upayoga, sukha tathA Rddhi kA nirUpaNa hai tathA anta meM 310 - 311 meM upasaMhAra tathA prastuta prakIrNaka ke kartA isivAliya RSipAlita sthavira kA nAmollekha hai| devendrastava kI viSayavastu Agama sAhitya meM sthAnAMgasUtra, samavAyAMgasUtra, prajJApanAsUtra, jambUdvIpaprajJapti, sUryaprajJapti, jIvAbhigamasUtra Adi meM aneka sthaloM para upalabdha hone se tulanIya hai / " eka udAharaNa prastuta hai : (13) tIsA 1 cattAlIsA 2 cottIsaM ceva sayasahassAI 3 / / chAyAlA 4 chatIsA 5-10 uttarao hoMti bhavaNAI / / (prajJApanA sUtra 187, gAthA 141 ) tIsA cattAlIsA cautIsaM ceva sayasahassAiM / chattIsA chAyAlA uttarao hu~ti bhavaNAI / / (deviMdatthao, gAthA 42) arthAt uttara dizA kI ora (asura kumAroM ke) tIsa lAkha, (nAga kumAroM ke) cAlIsa lAkha, (suparNa kumAroM ke) cauMtIsa lAkha, (vAyu kumAroM ke) chiyAlIsa lAkha aura (dvIpa, udadhi, vidyuta, stanita evaM agni ina pA~ca kumAroM ke, pratyeka ke ) chattIsa lAkha bhavana hote haiN| 2. taMdulaveyAliya paiNNaya * : (15) taMdula vaicArika prakIrNaka eka gadya-padya mizrita racanA hai| gadya AlApaka bhagavatI se bhI liye gaye haiM / isakA sarvaprathama ullekha naMdI evaM pAkSika sUtra meM prApta hotA hai| naMdIsUtracUrNi aura vRtti meM isakA paricaya nahIM diyA gayA hai, kintu pAkSika sUtra kI vRtti meM paricaya meM kahA gayA hai ki sau varSa kI AyuvAlA manuSya jitanA cAvala pratidina khAtA hai usakI jitanI saMkhyA hotI hai usI ke upalakSaNa rUpa (pratyeka viSaya kI) saMkhyA vicAra ko taMdula vaicArika kahate haiM / Avazyaka cUrNi tathA nizItha-sUtra cUrNi meM isa prakIrNaka kA ullekha utkAlika sUtra ke rUpa meM huA hai / dazavaikAlika cUrNi meM jinadAsagaNi mahattara ne "kAladasA 'bAlA maMdA, kiDDA' jahA 'taMdulaveyAlie" kahakara taMdula vaicArika kA ullekha kiyA hai / taMdulavaicArika ke varNanoM meM sthAnAMga, bhagavatI, anuyogadvAra aura aupapAtika sUtra Adi ke aMzoM se sAmya hone tathA bhASA viSayaka adhyayana evaM anya granthoM meM isa prakIrNaka ke ullekhoM ke AdhAra para vidvAnoM ne isakA samaya (16)

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|prakIrNaka-sAhitya : eka paricaya 465] IsavI san kI prathama zatI se lekara pA~cavI zatI ke bIca mAnA hai| viSayavastu:- taMdulavaicArika meM prANivijJAna sambandhI kaI prAsaMgika bAtoM kA samAveza kiyA gayA hai| isake prArambha meM garbhAvasthA kI avadhi, garbhotpattiyogya yoni kA svarUpa, strIyoni tathA puruSavIrya kA pramlAnakAla, garbhotpatti evaM garbhagata jIva kA vikAsa krama, garbhagata jIva kA AhAra pariNAma, garbhagata jIva ke mAtA aura pitA sambandhI aMga, garbhAvasthA meM marane vAle jIva kI gati, garbha ke cAra prakAra, garbhaniSkramaNa, garbhavAsa kA svarUpa, manuSya kI sau varSa kI Ayu kA dasa dazAoM meM vibhAjana kA varNana, jIvana kI dasa dazAoM meM sukha du:kha ke vivekapUrvaka dharmasAdhanA kA upadeza, vartamAna manuSyoM ke deha-saMhanana kA hrAsa, dhArmika jana kI prazaMsA Adi kA vistRta nirUpaNa kiyA gayA hai| isa grantha meM sau varSa ke vyakti dvArA sAr3he bAIsa vAha (saMkhyA vizeSa) taMdula khAye jAne kA varNana kara usa vyakti dvArA khAye jAne vAle snigdha dravya aura lavaNa kA mApa tathA usake paridhAna vastroM kA pramANa bhI batAyA hai| samaya, AvalikA Adi kAla mAna tathA kAlamAnadarzaka ghar3I ko batAne ke liye ghar3I banAne kI vidhi batAI hai| tadanantara eka varSa ke mAsa, pakSa aura ahorAtra kA parimANa tathA ahorAtra, mAsa, varSa aura sau varSa ke ucchvAsa kI saMkhyA batAI gaI hai| anta meM anityatA kA svarUpa, zarIra kA svarUpa usakA asundaratva aura azubhatva, azucitva Adi kA nirUpaNa kiyA gayA hai| strI ke aMgopAMgoM kA nirUpaNa kara vairAgya utpatti hetu nAnA prakAra se use azuci aura doSoM kA sthAna batAyA hai| dharma ke mAhAtmya kA pratipAdana karate hue upasaMhAra karate hue kahate haiM ki isa zarIra kA gaNita se artha prakaTa kara diyA hai arthAt vizleSaNa karake usake svarUpa ko batA diyA hai, jise sunakara jIva samyaktva aura mokSarUpI kamala ko prApta karatA hai| isa grantha kI advitIya aura durlabha vizeSatA hai ki isameM sabhI viSayoM ko pahale vyavahAra gaNita dvArA dekhA gayA hai tadanantara use sUkSma aura nizcayagata gaNita se samajhane kA prayojana prastuta kiyA gayA hai|" 3.caMdAvejjhayaM paiNNayaM :-- candrAvedhyaka prakIrNaka :- ise candravedhyaka prakIrNaka bhI kahate haiN| candravedhyaka prakIrNaka kI aneka gAthAe~ AgamoM meM - uttarAdhyayana, jJAtAdharmakathA aura anuyogadvAra meM; niyuktiyoM meM - Avazyakaniyukti, uttarAdhyayananiyukti, dazavaikAlikaniyukti aura oghaniyukti meM; prakIrNakoM meM-maraNavibhakti, bhaktaparijJA, AturapratyAkhyAna, titthogAlI, ArAdhanApatAkA evaM gacchAcAra meM; tathA yApanIya evaM digambaraparamparA mAnya

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466 jinavANI- jainAgama-sAhitya vizeSAGka granthoM meM - bhagavatI ArAdhanA, mUlAcAra, niyamasAra, aSTapAhuDa (suttapAhuDa) meM; tathA bhASya sAhitya meM - vizeSAvazyakabhASya meM milatI haiN| candrAvedhyaka prakIrNaka eka padyAtmaka racanA hai| isameM kula 175 gAthAe~ haiN| candrAvedhyaka kA ullekha naMdisUtra evaM pAkSika sUtra tathA naMdicUrNi, AvazyakacUrNi aura nizIthacUrNi meM milatA hai| isakA paricaya pAkSika sUtra kI vRtti meM isa prakAra diyA hai- "caMdAvejjhayaM ti iha candra-yantraputrikAkSigolako gRhyate, tathA A maryAdayA vidhyate iti Avedhyam , tadevAvedhyakam, candralakSaNamAvedhyakaM candrAvedhyakam, rAdhAvedha ityarthaH / tadupamAnamaraNArAdhanA-pratipAdako granthavizeSa: candrAvedhyakamiti "(patra 63) arthAt jisa prakAra svayaMvara meM U~ce khambhe para ghUmatI huI puttalikA kI A~kha ko bedhane ke liye atyanta sAvadhAnI tathA apramattatA kI pradhAnatA hotI hai tathaiva maraNa samaya kI ArAdhanA meM AtmakalyANa ke liye atyanta sAvadhAnI aura apramattatA honI caahiye| caMdrAvedhyaka ko rAdhAvedha kI upamA dI gaI hai kyoMki isa grantha meM jo AcAra ke niyama Adi batAe gae haiM unakA pAlana karanA candrakavedha (rAdhAvedha) ke samAna hI kaThina hai| viSayavastuH- isa grantha meM sAta dvAroM se nimna sAta guNoM kA varNana kiyA gayA haiM -- (1) vinayaguNa (2) AcArya guNa (3) ziSya guNa (4) vinayanigraha guNa (5) jJAna guNa (6) cAritraguNa (7) mrnngunn| vinayaguNa kA nirUpaNa gAthA 4 se 21 meM huA hai| vidyApradAtA guru kA anAdara karane vAle avinIta ziSya kI vidyA niSphala hotI hai tathA vaha saMsAra meM apakIrti kA bhAgI banatA hai| avinIta ziSya ke doSoM tathA vinIta ziSya ke guNa aura usase lAbha kA atyanta hRdayahArI citraNa isameM huA hai| vidyA aura guru kA tiraskAra karane vAle avinIta ziSya ko RSighAtaka taka kahA hai: vijjaM paribhavamANo AyariyANaM gunne'pyaasito| risighAyagANa loyaM vaccai micchttsNjutte|| gAthA,1. yahA~ vinaya kA artha vidyA se liyA gayA pratIta hotA hai jaisA ki mahAkavi kAlidAsa ne raghuvaMza ke prathama sarga meM "prajAnAM vinayAdhAnAT rakSaNAd bharaNAdapi sa pitA'' kahakara vinaya kA artha vidyA-zikSA kiyA hai| vidyA-zikSA Adi kI sampUrNa vyavasthA rAjA ke dvArA kI jAne se rAjA ko prajA kA pitA kahA hai| AcAryaguNa kA nirUpaNa gAthA 22 se 36 taka huA hai jinameM AcArya ko pRthvI sama sahanazIla, meru sama akaMpa, dharma meM sthita, caMdra sama saumya, zilpAdi kalA pAraMgata tathA paramArtha prarUpaka prastuta kiyA gayA hai jinakA Adara karane se hone vAle lAbhoM kA bhI ullekha kiyA hai|

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prakIrNaka-sAhitya eka paricaya 467 ziSyaguNa - laghutAvAlA, vinIta, mamatvavAlA, guNajJa, sujana, sahanazIla, AcArya ke abhiprAya kA jJAtA tathA Savidha vinaya ko jAnane vAlA, dasa prakAra kI vaiyAvRtya meM tatpara, svAdhyAyI Adi ziSyaguNoM kA nirUpaNa gAthA 37 se 53 taka kiyA gayA hai| vinayanigraha guNa ke mAdhyama se gAthA 54 se 67 meM vinayaguNa ko mokSa kA dvAra batAyA gayA hai| bahuzruta hone para bhI vinayahIna hone para vaha alpazruta puruSa kI zreNI meM hI parigaNita hotA hai| aMdhapuruSa ke sAmane lAkhoM dIpaka ke nirarthaka hone ke samAna vinayahIna dvArA jAnA gayA vipula zruta bhI nirarthaka kahA gayA hai| isI prakAra kramaza: jJAnaguNa (gAthA 68 se 99), cAritraguNa (gAthA 100-116) tathA maraNaguNa (gAthA 117-73) Adi kA yathArtha nirUpaNa prastuta kiyA gayA hai| jJAna aura cAritrayukta puruSa dhanya haiM, gRhapAza ke baMdhanoM se mukta hokara jo puruSa prayatnapUrvaka cAritra kA sevana karate haiM ve dhanya haiN| aniyaMtrita azva para ArUr3ha hokara binA taiyArI ke yadi koI zatru senA kA mukAbalA karatA hai to vaha yoddhA aura azva donoM saMgrAma meM parAjita hote haiM tathaiva mRtyu ke samaya pUrva taiyArI ke binA parISaha sahana asaMbhava hai aisA nirdeza kara candrAvedhyaka nAma ko sArthaka karate hue isa prakIrNaka meM mRtyu pUrva sAdhanA kA vistAra se nirUpaNa kiyA hai| anyatra citta rUpI doSa ke kAraNa yadi koI vyakti thor3A bhI pramAda karatA hai to vaha dhanuSa para tIra car3hAkara bhI candravedha ko nahIM vedha pAtA hai| candravedha kI taraha mokSa mArga meM prayatnazIla AtmA ko sadaiva hI apramAdI hokara nirantara guNoM kI prApti kA prayAsa karanA caahiye| 23) 4. gaNivijjA24 : - gaNividyA prakIrNaka kA ullekha, naMdisUtra tathA pAkSika sUtra meM hai| naMdisUtra kI cUrNi meM isakA paricaya nimna prakAreNa hai : "sabAlavuDDhAulo gaccho gaNo, so jassa atthi so gaNI, vijjattiNANaM, taM ca joisanimittagataM NAtuM pasatthesu ime kajje kareti, taMjahA- pavvAvaNA 1 sAmAiyArovaNaM 2 uvaTThAvaNA 3 suttassa uddesa - samuddesA'NuNNAto 4 gaNArovaNaM 5 disApuNNA 6 khettesu ya NiggamapavesA 6 evamAiyAkajjA jesu tihi-karaNa-Nakkhatta muhattajogesu ya je jattha karaNijjA te jatthaajjhayaNe vaNNijaMti tamajjhayaNaM gaNividyA'' arthAt-gaNa kA artha hai samasta bAlavRddha muniyoM kA smuuh| jo aise gaNa kA svAmI hai vaha gaNI kahalAtA hai| vidyA kA artha hotA hai - jnyaan| jyotiSanimitta viSayaka jJAna ke AdhAra para jisa grantha meM dIkSA, sAmAyika kA AropaNa, vrata meM sthApanA, zruta sambandhita upadeza, samuddeza, anujJA , gaNa

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1468 jinavANI- jainAgama-sAhitya vizeSAGka | kA AropaNa, dizAnujJA, nirgama (vihAra), praveza Adi kAryoM ke sambandha meM tithi, karaNa, nakSatra, muhUrta evaM yoga kA nirdeza ho vaha gaNividyA kahalAtA hai| (nandisuttaM prA.Te.so; ahamadAbAda, pR0 71) viSayavastu:- gaNividyA prakIrNaka meM nau viSayoM kA nirUpaNa hai :divasatithi nakSatra, karaNa, graha, muhUrta, zakunabala, lagnabala aura nimittbl| isameM divasa ke balAbala vidhi kA nirUpaNa hai| candramA kI eka kalA ko tithi mAnA jAtA hai| ina tithiyoM kA nAmakaraNa nandA, bhadrA, vijayA, riktA, pUrNA Adi rUpoM meM kiyA gayA hai| tAroM ke samudAya ko nakSatra kahate haiN| ina tArA samUhoM se AkAza meM banane vAlI azva, hAthI, sarpa, hAtha Adi kI AkRtiyoM ke AdhAra para nakSatra kA nAmakaraNa kiyA jAtA hai| tithi ke Adhe bhAga ko karaNa kahate hai| jisa dina kI prathama horA kA jo gRhasvAmI hotA hai usa dina usI graha ke nAma kA vAra (divasa) rahatA hai ye sAta haiM - ravi, soma maMgala, budha, bRhaspati, zukra evaM shni| tIsa muhUrta kA eka dina-rAta hotA hai| pratyeka kArya ko karane ke pUrva ghaTita hone vAle zubhatva yA azubhatva kA vicAra karanA zakuna kahalAtA hai| lagna kA artha hai - vaha kSaNa jisameM sUrya kA praveza kisI rAzi vizeSa meM hotA hai| lagna ke AdhAra para kisI kArya ke zubha-azubha phala kA vicAra karanA lagna zAstra kahA jAtA hai| bhaviSya Adi jAnane ke prakAra ko nimitta kahA jAtA hai| gaNividyA prakIrNaka meM dainaMdina jIvana ke vyavahAra, gamana, adhyayana, svAdhyAya, dIkSA, vratasthApana Adi ke lie upayogI evaM anupayogI divasa, tithi, nakSatra, karaNa, graha muhUrta, zakuna, lagna aura nimittoM kA nirUpaNa kiyA gayA hai tathA inhe uttarottara balavAna kahA hai| ___ gaNividyA prakIrNaka aura anya Agama evaM jyotiSa granthoM ka tulanAtmaka vivaraNa gaNivijjApaiNNayaM meM diyA gayA hai| 5.maraNavibhatti paiNNaya: maraNavibhakti prakIrNaka ko maraNasamAdhi prakIrNaka nAma se bhI jAna jAtA hai, jisameM kathAoM ke prasaMga se anta samaya kI sAdhanA kA nirUpaNa hai isakA paricaya naMdisUtra kI cUrNi aura vRtti meM prAyaH samAna rUpa se milatA hai ki 'maraNa kA artha hai pApa tyaag| maraNa ke prazasta aura aprazasta ina do bhede kA jisameM vistAra se varNana hai vaha adhyayana maraNa-vibhakti kahalAtA hai| pAkSika sUtra meM ukta paricaya dete hue maraNa ke satraha bheda batAe gae haiN| paramparAgata mAnya dasa prakIrNakoM meM yaha sabase bar3A hai| isameM 661 gAthAe~ haiM granthakAra ke anusAra (1) maraNavibhakti (2) maraNavizodhi (3) maraNasamAdhi (4) saMlekhanAzruta (5) bhaktaparijJA (6) AturapratyAkhyAna (7) mahApratyAkhyAna

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| prakIrNaka-sAhitya : eka paricaya 469 (8) ArAdhanA ina ATha prAcIna zrutagranthoM ke AdhAra para prastuta prakIrNaka kI racanA huI hai| , viSayavastu :- darzana-ArAdhanA, jJAna-ArAdhanA aura cAritra ArAdhanA ye ArAdhanA ke tIna bheda haiM / tatvArtha zraddhA ke binA jIva bhUtakAla meM ananta bAra bAlamaraNa se mRtyu ko prApta kara cuke haiM aisA kahakara gAthA 22 se 44 taka paMDitamaraNa kA saMkSipta nirUpaNa kiyA hai / mana meM zalya rakhakara mRtyu prApta karane vAle jIva duHkhI hote haiM, isake viparIta ahaMkAratyAgapUrvaka cAritra aura zIla se yukta jo samAdhibharaNa prApta karate haiM ve ArAdhaka hote haiN| isameM samAdhimaraNa vidhi kA vistRta vivecana upalabdha hai| samAdhimaraNa ke kAraNabhUta caudaha dvAra AlocanA, saMlekhanA kSamApanA kAla, utsarga, udgrAsa, saMthArA, nisarga, vairAgya, mokSa, dhyAna vizeSa, lezyA, samyaktva, pAdopagamana kA nirUpaNa hai / AlocanA ke dasa doSa, tapa ke bheda, cAritra ke guNa, Atmavizuddhi ke upAyoM kA vistAra se varNana hai / ArAdhanA ke tIna prakAra (utkRSTA - madhyamA - jaghanyA), cAra skandha (darzana, jJAna, cAritra, tapa) kA varNana hai| niryApaka AcArya kA svarUpa vistAra se batAyA hai| zarIra se mamatva tyAga, parISahajaya tathA azubhadhyAna- tyAga sambandhI dRSTAntoM se viSayavastu ko puSTa kiyA hai| vividha upasarga sahana ke ullekhoM meM pramukha haiM- jinadharmazreSThI, metAryaRSi, cilAtIputra, gajasukumAla, sAgaracaMdra, avaMtIsukumAla, caMdrAvataMsakanRpa, damadAnta maharSi, khaMdakamuni, dhanyazAlibhadra, pA~ca pANDava, daMDa anagAra, sukozala muni, vajrarSi, arhannaka, cANakya tathA ilAputra / 22 parISaha sahana karane sambandhI udAharaNoM meM hastimitra, dhanamitra, Arya zrI bhradabAhuziSya muni catuSka Adi bAIsa dRSTAnta diye haiM jo prAya: uttarAdhyayana sUtra kI nemicandrIya TIkA meM haiM / dharma pAlana karane vAle matsyAdi tiryaMcoM ke udAharaNa bhI diye haiN| maraNavibhakti kI gAthA 525 se 550 meM pAdapopagamana maraNa kA svarUpa nirUpaNa hai / 570 se 640 gAthA meM bAraha bhAvanA kA vistRta vivecana hai aura anta meM nirvedajanaka upadezapUrvaka paMDita maraNa kA nirUpaNa kara dharmadhyAna aura zukladhyAna kA mahattva pratipAdita kiyA hai| 6. AurapaccakkhANaM (30) - (31) AturapratyAkhyAna - paiNNayasuttAiM grantha meM (pR. 160, 305, 329) para prakAzita Atura pratyAkhyAna prakIrNaka nAma ke tIna prakIrNaka sUtra haiN| inameM se antima vIrabhadrakRta prakIrNaka meM 71 gAthAe~ haiN| ise antakAla prakIrNaka yA bRhadAtura pratyAkhyAna bhI kahate haiN| dasavIM gAthA ke pazcAt kucha gadyAMza bhI haiM / maraNa ke tIna bheda (bAlamaraNa, bAlapaMDitamaraNa, paMDitamaraNa)

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1470E ATRE jinavANI- jainAgama-sAhitya vizeSAGka ke nirUpaNa ke atirikta isameM ekatva bhAvanA, pratikramaNa, AlocanA, kSamApanA kA bhI nirUpaNa hai| asamAdhipUrvaka maraNa prApta karane vAle ArAdhaka nahIM kahe jaate| zastragrahaNa, viSabhakSaNa, Aga se jalanA, jala meM praveza Adi se maranA bAlamaraNa meM parigaNita kiyA hai| paMDitamaraNa kI ArAdhanA-vidhi kA varNana kara maraNakAla meM pratyAkhyAna karane vAle ko dhIra, jJAnI aura zAzvata sthAna prApta karane vAlA kahA hai| 'Auro - gilANo, taM kiriyAtItaM NAtuM gIyatthA paccakkhAveMti, diNe diNe davvahAsaM kareMtA aMte ya savvadavvadAtaNatAe bhatte veraggaM jaNetA bhatte nittaNhassa bhavacarimapaccakkhANaM kAreMti etaM jattha'jjJayaNe savittharaM vaNijjai tamajjJayaNaM AurapaccakkhANaM' naMdisUtra cUrNi ke isa paricaya kA artha hI isa prakIrNaka kA sArAMza hai ki jise asAdhya roga ho aise Atura (bImAra) muni ko gItArtha puruSa pratidina khAdya dravya kama karAkara pratyAkhyAna karAtA hai, aMta meM bImAra muni AhAra ke viSaya meM vairAgya pAkara anAsakta ho jAya taba jIvanaparyanta AhAra tyAga kA pratyAkhyAna karAne kA varNana jisameM hai vaha Atura pratyAkhyAna prakIrNaka hai| 7.mahApaccakkhANa: __ mahApratyAkhyAna-naMdisUtracUrNi meM upalabdha mahApratyAkhyAna prakIrNaka ke paricaya ke anusAra jo sthavirakalpI jIvana kI antima velA meM vihAra karane meM asamartha hote haiM unake dvArA jo anazana vrata (samAdhimaraNa) svIkAra kiyA jAtA hai, una sabakA jisameM vistRta varNana ho use mahApratyAkhyAna kahate haiN| mahApratyAkhyAna meM kula 142 gAthAe~ haiM, jinameM duzcaritra tyAga kI vividha pratijJA, sarvajIvakSamApanA, niMdA-garhA-AlocanA, mamatvacheda, AtmadharmasvarUpa, mUlaguNa uttaraguNa kI virAdhanA kI niMdA, ekatva bhAvanA, mithyAtvamAyA tyAga, Alocaka svarUpa aura usakA mokSagAmitva, ArAdhanA kA mahattva, bheda ArAdhanApatAkA prApti Adi vividha viSayoM kA vivecana kiyA gayA hai| sabhI jIvoM ke prati kSamApanA, dhIra maraNa kI prazaMsA aura pratyAkhyAna kA phala isa prakIrNaka ke mukhya viSaya haiN| 8 isibhAsiyAI - RSibhASita-yaha prakIrNaka sAhitya meM prAcInatama grantha hai - RSibhASita prakIrNaka sUtra meM 45 RSiyoM ke upadeza rUpa 45 adhyayana haiN| ye 45 RSi pratyeka buddha the| inameM bIsa neminAtha ke zAsanakAla meM, pandraha pArzvanAtha ke zAsanakAla meM aura dasa varddhamAna mahAvIra svAmI ke zAsanakAla meM hone kA ullekha isimAsiyANaM saMgahaNI ke prathama zloka meM hai|' grantha meM ina paiMtAlIsa RSiyo ke upadezoM kA saMkalana hai|

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prakIrNaka-sAhitya : eka paricaya 471] prathama adhyAya meM deva-RSi nArada ke upadezoM meM ahiMsA-satya-asteya tathA brahmacarya aparigraha ko milAkara eka isa prakAra cAra zauca kA varNana hai| sAdhaka ko satyavAdI, dattabhojI aura brahmacArI hone ke nirdeza haiN| dvitIya adhyAya meM vajjIyaputta (vAtsIyaputra) ke upadeza- karma hI janmamaraNa kA hetu hai, jJAna aura citta kI zuddhi se. karma-santati kA kSaya aura nirvANa prApti - kA varNana hai| tRtIya adhyAya meM asita daivala ke kaSAyavijaya upadeza kA aMkana hai| asita daivala jaina, bauddha, aupaniSadika tInoM dhArAoM meM mAnya haiN| caturtha adhyAya meM aMgirasa bhAradvAja manuSya ko dohare jIvana ko chor3akara antara kI sAdhu manovRtti apanAne kA upadeza dete haiN| paMcama adhyAya meM puSpazAlaputra samAdhimaraNa evaM AtmajJAna dvArA samAdhi prApti kA upadeza dete haiN| chaThe valkalacIrI adhyAya meM nArI ke durguNoM kI carcA hai| sAtaveM kummAputta (kUrmAputra) adhyAya meM kAmanA-parityAga kA nirUpaNa haiN| AThaveM ketaliputra adhyAya meM rAgadveSa rUpI granthi cheda kA varNana hai| naveM mahAkAzyapa adhyAya meM karma-siddhAnta kI vyAkhyA kI hai| dasaveM tetaliputra adhyAya meM anAsthA aura avizvAsa ko vairAgya kA kAraNa batAyA hai| gyArahaveM maMkhalipatra adhyayana meM tAraNahArI gurU kA svarUpa varNita hai| bArahaveM se lekara paiMtAlIsaveM adhyAya taka kramaza: nimna RSiyoM ke upadeza. saMkalita haiM' (12) yAjJavalkya (13)bhayAli (14) bAhuka (15) madhurAyana (16) zauryAyaNa (17) vidura (18) vAriSeNa (19) AryAyaNa (20) (RSi kA ullekha nahIM) (21) gAthApatiputra (22) gardabhAli (23) rAmaputra (24) harigiri (25) ambaDa (26) mAtaMga (27) vArattaka (28) Ardraka (29) varddhamAna (30) vAyu. (31) arhat pArzva (32) piMga (33) mahAzAlaputra (34) RSigiri (35) uddAlaka (36) nArAyaNa (37) zrIgiri (38) sAriputra (39) saMjaya (40) dvaipAyana (41) indranAga (42) soma (43) yama (44) varuNa (45) vaishrmnn| ina paiMtAlIsa RSiyoM ko 'arhat RSi-mukta - mokSa prApta kahA gayA hai| samavAyAMga sUtra ke 44 samavAya meM RSibhASita ke 44 adhyAyoM kA ullekha hai| isase isakI prAcInatA svayaMsiddha hai|36 jaina-bauddha-Arya tInoM darzanoM ke upadezoM ke mela kA yaha anUThA saMgraha hai| 9.dIvasAgarapaNNattisaMgahaNIgAhAo37 :- dvIpasAgara prajJapti prakIrNaka meM 225 gAthAe~ haiN| sabhI gAthAe~ madhyaloka meM manuSya kSetra arthAt r3hAI dvIpa ke Age ke dvIpa evaM sAgaroM kI saMracanA ko prakaTa karatI haiN| grantha ke samApana meM kahA gayA hai ki jo dvIpa aura samudra jitane lAkha yojana vistAra vAlA hotA hai vahA~ utanI hI candra aura sUryoM kI paMktiyA~ hotI haiN| 38)

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472 10 . vIratthava (35) vIrastava 43 gAthAoM meM racita isa vIrastava prakIrNaka meM mahAvIra kI stuti unake chabbIsa nAmoM dvArA kI gaI hai| isameM 26 nAmoM kA alaga-alaga anvayArtha bhI batAyA gayA hai| prathama gAthA maMgala aura abhidheya rUpa hai, taduparAnta mahAvIra ke nimna 26 nAmoM kA ullekha hai (1) arUha (2) arihaMta (3) arahaMta (4) (4) jiNa (6) (7) (8) (10) pAraga (12) nAtha 1. -: 2. paramakAruNika sarvadarzI trikAlavid jinavANI- jainAgama-sAhitya vizeSAGka (9) (11) (13) vItarAga (15) tribhuvanaguru (17) tribhuvana variSTha (19) tIrthaMkara (21) jinendra (23) hari (24) hara (25) kamalAsana aura (26) buddha varddhamAna mahAvIra ke 2600 veM janma mahotsava ke upalakSya meM jaina Agama-paricaya ke prasaMga meM pramukha prakIrNakoM kA paricaya prastuta kiyA gayA hai / zeSa prakIrNakoM hetu udayapura Agama saMsthAna granthamAlA ke anya prakAzana avalokanIya haiN| maraNavibhattipaiNNayaM kA anuvAda evaM sampAdana isa lekha kI lekhikA dvArA kiyA jA rahA hai| deva vIra sarvajJa (14) kevalI (16) sarva prakIrNakoM meM prAya: eka susaMhata viSaya kA nirUpaNa hai, ata: inakA svAdhyAya upayogI hogaa| prakIrNakoM kI gAthAoM ke sandarbha aMgoM meM, aMga bAhya AgamoM meM, zvetAmbara yA digambara sarvamAnya prAcIna zreNya granthoM va zAstroM meM, vyAkhyA-sAhitya meM, jainetara granthoM Adi meM upalabdha hone se prakIrNaka sAhitya vibhinna sampradAyoM, AmnAyoM, vicAra-dhArAoM ko eka sUtra meM pirone meM sahAyaka siddha hoNge| (18) bhagavAn (20) zakranamaskRta (22) varddhamAna ---- saMdarbha na disUtra cUrNi (sampA.) muni puNyavijaya, prAkRta TeksTa sosAyaTI, ahamadAbAda, 1966, pR. 60 naMdisUtra; (sampA.) munimadhukara, Agama prakAzana samiti, byAvara, sUtra 81, pR. 163

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prakIrNaka-sAhitya : eka paricaya 3. 4 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 19. ThANAMga sUtra; Agamodaya samiti, sUrata, sUtra 755 vyavahAra sUtra (sampA.) kanhaiyAlAla kamala, Agama anuyoga TrasTa ahamadAbAda, uddezaka 10 pAkSika sUtra, devacandra lAlabhAI jaina pustakoddhAra samiti, pR. 76-77 dhavalA pustaka 13 / khaNDa V / bhAga V / sUtra 48 pR. 276, uddhRta jainendra siddhAnta koSa, bhAga 4, pR. 70 vidhimArgaprapA (sampA.) jinavijaya, pR. 57-58 prakIrNaka sAhitya : manana aura mImAMsA; (sampA.) sAgaramala evaM sureza sisodiyA, Agama ahiMsA samatA evaM prAkRta saMsthAna, udayapura, 1995 meM prakAzita lekha 'Agama sAhitya meM prakIrNakoM kA sthAna, mahatva racanAkAla evaM racayitA, pR. 2, 3 -vahI - 'prakIrNakoM kI pANDulipiyA~ aura prakAzita saMskaraNa', pR. 68 (a) devendra muni ; jaina Agama sAhitya : manana aura mImAMsA, pR. 388 muni nagarAjaH Agama aura tripiTaka eka anuzIlana, pR. 486 (sa) zAstrI, DaoN. kailAza candra : prAkRta bhASA aura sAhitya kA AlocanAtmaka itihAsa, pR.197 (ba) paiNNayasuttAiM (sampA.) munipuNyavijaya, mahAvIra jaina vidyAlaya, bambaI, 1984 bhAga 1, prastAvanA pR. 21 abhidhAna rAjendra koSa, bhAga 2, pR. 41 koThArI, subhASa : deviMdatthao, Agama saMsthAna granthamAlA, udayapura 1988, bhUmikA pR. xxxiv se xxxxi koThArI, subhASa : taMdulaveyAliyapaiNNayaM Agama saMsthAna granthamAlA, udayapura 1991 "taMdulaveyAliyaM ti tandulAnAM varSazatAyuSkapuruSapratidinabhogyAnAM saMkhyA vicAreNopalakSito granthavizeSa: tandulavaicArikamiti / " pAkSikasUtravRtti, patra 63 AvazyakacUrNi (sampA.) RSabhadeva kezarImala, zvetAmbara saMsthA, ratalAma, 1929, bhAga 2, pR. 224 nizIthacUrNi bhAga 4, pR. 235 dazavaikAlikacUrNi, ratalAma, 1933, pR. 5 (a) (ba) (sa) taMdulaveyAliyapaiNNayaM, udayapura, pRSTha 8 "taM evaM addhattevIsaM taMdulavAhe bhuMjato duvihaM bhaNiyaM maharisIhiM " taMdulaveyAliyapaiNNayaM 80, pR. 32 vavahAragaNiyadiTTha suhumaM vinicchayagayaM muNeyavvaM / jai eyaM na vi evaM visamA gaNaNA muNeyavvA / / 473 ... eyaM gaNiyapamANaM

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jinavANI- jainAgama-sAhitya vizeSAGka 20. 21. 25. 28. 29. -taMdulaveyAliyapaiNNaya,81pR. 33 caMdAvejjhayaM paiNNayaM (sampA.) sureza sisodiyA, Agama saMsthAna granthamAlA, 6, udayapura 1991 --- vahI-, prastAvanA pRSTha 22 se 35 .. . - vahI--, prastAvanA gAthA 117 se 119 - vahI-, prastAvanA gAthA 129 se 130 gaNivijjApaiNNaya (sampA.) subhASa koThArI, Agama saMsthAna granthamAlA 10, udayapura 1994 . . naMdisuttaM, prAkRta TaiksTa sosAyaTI, ahamadAbAda, pR. 58 gaNivijjApaiNNayaM, bhUmikA pR. 22-27 'maraNaM pANapariccAgo, vibhayaNaM - vibhattI, pasatthamapasatthANi sabhedAni maraNANi jattha vaNijjati ajjhayaNe tamajjhayaNaM maraNa vibhattI' naMdisUtracUrNi, pR.58 gaNivijjApaiNNayaM, Agama saMsthAna, udayapura, bhUmikA pR. 4 jaina Agama sAhitya : manana aura mImAMsA, tAraka guru jaina granthAlaya, udayapura 1977, pR. 388 paiNNayasuttAI, bhAga 1, prastAvanA, pR. 40-41 AurapaccakkhANaM, paiNNayasuttAI, bhAga 1,- prastAvanA, pR. 329 Adi mahApaccakkhANa, paiNNayasuttAI, bhAga 1,- prastAvanA, pR.164 Adi patteyabuddhamisiNo vIsaM titthe aritttthnnemiss| pAsassa ya paNNarasa vIrassa viliinnmohss|| isibhAsiyAiM- paiNNayasuttAI, bhAga 1, pR. 179 isibhAsiyAiM-paiNNayasuttAI, bhAga 1, pR.181-256 . isibhAsiyAI-paiNNayasuttAI, bhAga 1, pR.181-190 paiNNayasuttAI bhAga 1, prastAvanA, pR. 45 (a) paiNNayasuttAI bhAga 1, prastAvanA, pR. 53 (ba) dIvasAgarapaNNattipaiNNayaM (sampA.) sureza sisodiyA, Agama saMsthAna, granthamAlA, 8, udayapura 1993 - vahI-, gAthA, 224-225, pR0 46. vIratthao paiNNaya (sampA.) subhASa koThArI, Agama saMsthAna granthamAlA 12, udayapara 1995. -nidezaka, koTA khulA vizvavidyAlaya, kSetrIya kendra, udayapura 470. o.TI.sI.skIma, udayapura (rAja.) 30 31. 33. 34. 38.

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jainAgamoM kA vyAkhyA-sAhitya DaoN. jinendra jaina jaina AgamoM para pA~ca prakAra kA vyAkhyA-sAhitya upalabdha hai- 1. niyukti 2. bhASya 3. cUrNi 4. TIkA 5.TabbA evaM hindI Adi bhASAoM meM vivecn| niyukti evaM bhASya kI racanA prAkRta bhASA meM huI hai| cUrNi saMskRtamizrita prAkRta bhASA meM likhI gaI hai| TIkAe~ pUrNata: saMskRta bhASA meM haiN| TabbA gujarAtI evaM rAjasthAnI meM haiN| isake anantara hindI, aMgrejI aura gujarAtI meM anuvAda evaM vivecana hue haiN| jaina vizvabhAratI lADanUM ke jainAgama vidvAn DaoN. jinendra jI ne niyukti, bhASya, cUrNi evaM TIkA- ina cAra vidhAoM ke vyAkhyA sAhitya se prastuta lekha meM paricita karAyA hai| -sampAdaka - jaina paramparA meM Agama-sAhitya kA vahI sthAna hai jo vaidika paramparA meM veda kA tathA bauddha paramparA meM tripiTaka kaa| Apta vacana ke rUpa meM mahAvIra kI surakSita vANI hI Agama sAhitya hai| ina AgamoM meM na kevala dharma, darzana, adhyAtma kA vivecana kiyA gayA hai, balki jJAna-vijJAna ke ye akSaya koza kahe jAte haiN| samAja, saMskRti, itihAsa, bhUgola, khagola, paryAvaraNa, Arthika cintana sahita dharma, darzana, nyAya jaise vibhinna viSaya isameM samAhita haiM jaina AgamoM ko aMgapraviSTa evaM aMgabAhya ina do bhAgoM meM vibhAjita kiyA jAtA hai| dvAdazAMga aMgapraviSTa ke antargata tathA zeSa aMgabAhya ke aMtargata parigaNita haiN| AgamoM kA prAcInatama vargIkaraNa aMga evaM pUrva ke rUpa meM svIkAra kiyA jAtA hai| AryarakSita ne cAra anuyogoM meM sampUrNa Agama ko vibhAjita kiyaa| AcArya samantabhadra ne bhI anuyoga ke AdhAra para AgamoM kA vibhAjana kiyA hai| lekina aMga, upAMga, mUla evaM cheda yaha uttaravartI vargIkaraNa hai| jaina paramparA meM AgamoM kI saMkhyA 32, 45 evaM 84 mAnI gayI hai| digambara paramparA ke anusAra aMga Agama upalabdha nahIM haiN| zruta paramparA ke naSTa hone se unakA kisI ko bhI jJAna zeSa nahIM rhaa| zvetAmbara paramparA meM mUrtipUjaka sampradAya 45 AgamoM ko tathA sthAnakavAsI evaM terApaMtha sampradAya 32 AgamoM ko svIkAra karate haiN| ... jaina Agama sUtrabaddha hone se unako vyAkhyAyita karanA ati Avazyaka thaa| Agama saMkalana ke sAtha hI AcAryoM ne vyAkhyA sAhitya likhanA prArambha kara diyA thaa| sarvaprathama AcArya bhadrabAhu ne daza Agama graMthoM para prAkRta padyabaddha niyukti sAhitya likhaa| tatpazcAt anya AcAryoM ne niyuktiyoM evaM svataMtra AgamoM para bhASya likhe| bhASya bhI prAkRta padyabaddha haiN| isake bAda cUrNi, TIkA graMtha bhI vyAkhyA sAhitya ke rUpa meM likhe gae, jinakA saMkSipta vivecana isa prakAra hai- .

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1476 bhagavAe jinavANI- jainAgama-sAhitya vizeSAGka | (1) niyukti sAhitya niyukti zabda ko paribhASita karate hue AcArya bhadrabAhu ne Avazyakaniyukti(gAthA 82) meM kahA hai- 'nijjuttA te atthA, jaM buddhA teNa hoi nijjuttii| sUtrArthayoH parasparaM niryojana sambandhanaM niyuktiH / -A.ni.ma.TIkA patra 100 AvazyakacUrNi meM kahA gayA hai-suttanijjuttaatthanijjUhaNaM nijjuttii| ukta paribhASAoM se yahI phalita hotA hai ki sUtra meM niyukta (prakaTa vidyamAna) artha kI vyAkhyA karanA niyukti hai| AcArya zIlAMka, jinadAsagaNi, koTyAcArya evaM anya TIkAkAroM ne yahI artha niyukti kA kiyA hai| ata: zabda kA sahI artha prakaTa karanA hI niyukti hai| tatkAlIna pracalita zabda ke aneka arthoM ko batAkara aMta meM prastuta artha kA prakaTIkaraNa hI niyukti kA prayojana hai| jise niyuktikAra ne sAhitya meM nikSepa paddhati mAnA hai| niyukti' AgamoM para prAkRta gAthAoM meM likhA huA saMkSipta vivecana hai| isameM viSaya kA pratipAdana karane ke lie aneka kathAnaka, udAharaNa aura dRSTAntoM kA upayoga kiyA gayA hai, jinakA ullekha mAtra vahAM milatA hai| yaha sAhitya itanA sAMketika aura saMkSipta hai ki binA bhASya aura TIkA ke samyak prakAra se samajha meM nahIM aataa| isalie TIkAkAroM ne mUla Agama ke sAtha-sAtha niyuktiyoM para bhI TIkAeM likhI haiN| piNDaniyukti aura oghaniyukti AgamoM ke mUla sUtroM meM ginI gaI hai, isase niyukti sAhitya kI prAcInatA kA patA calatA hai ki valabhI vAcanA ke samaya IsvI san kI pAMcavI-chaThI zatAbdI ke pUrva (cauthI-pAMcavIM zatAbdI meM) hI niyuktiyAM likhI jA cukI thii| AcArya bhadrabAhu hI eka mAtra aise AcArya haiM, jinhoMne Agama-saMkalana ke samaya se hI niyuktiyAM likhanA prAraMbha kara diyA thaa| unhoMne AcArAMga, sUtrakRtAMga, sUryaprajJapti, vyavahAra, kalpa, dazAzrutaskaMdha, uttarAdhyayana, Avazyaka, dazavaikAlika aura RSibhASita-ina dasa sUtroM para niyuktiyAM likhI haiN| inameM se sUryaprajJapti aura RSibhASita kI niyuktiyAM anupalabdha haiN| isake sAtha hI piNDaniyukti, oghaniyukti kA bhI ullekha milatA hai| ArAdhanAniyukti kA ullekha mUlAcAra (5.82) meM kiyA gayA hai| AcArAMga niyukti- AcArAMga sUtra para AcArya bhadrabAhu ne prathama zrutaskandha ke ATha adhyayanoM (sAtavAM vyucchinna hai) aura dvitIya zrutaskaMdha kI cAra cUlikAoM (pAMcavI cUlikA nizItha niyukti ke rUpa meM pRthak upalabdha hai, jo nizIthabhASya meM sammilita ho gaI) para 356 gAthAoM meM niyukti likhI hai| ina para zIlAMka ne mahApariNNA nAmaka sAtaveM adhyayana kI dasa gAthAo ko chor3akara TIkA kI hai| sUtrakRtAMganiyukti-sUtrakRtAMganiyukti meM 200 gAthAeM haiN| usame

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jainAgamoM kA vyAkhyA sAhitya 94771 RSibhASitasUtra kA ullekha hai| isa graMtha meM gautama (govratika), caNDIdevaka(cakradharaprAyAH-TIkA) vAribhadraka(jalapAna karane vAle), agnihotravAdI tathA jala ko pavitra mAnane vAle sAdhuoM kA nAmollekha hai| kriyAvAdI, akriyAvAdI, ajJAnavAdI aura vinayavAdiyoM ke bheda-prabheda ginAe gae haiN| pArzvastha, avasanna aura kuzIla nAmaka nirgrantha sAdhuoM ke sAtha paricaya karane kA isameM niSedha hai| sUryaprajJaptiniyukti paramparAnusAra bhadrabAhu ne sUryaprajJapti ke Upara niyukti kI racanA kI thI, lekina TIkAkAra malayagiri ke kathanAnusAra kalikAla ke doSa se yaha niyukti naSTa ho gaI hai, isalie unhoMne kevala sUtroM kI hI vyAkhyA kI hai| bRhatkalpa, vyavahAra aura nizIthaniyukti- bRhatkalpa aura vyavahAra sUtra para bhI bhadrabAhu ne niyukti likhI thii| bRhatkalpaniyukti saMghadAsagaNi kSamAzramaNa ke laghubhASya kI gAthAoM ke sAtha aura vyavahAraniyukti vyavahAra bhASya kI gAthAoM ke sAtha mizrita ho gaI hai| nizItha kI niyukti bhI nizIthabhASya ke sAtha mila gaI hai| dazAzrutaskandhaniyukti dazAzrutaskandha jitanA laghu hai utanI hI laghu dasa adhyayanoM para niyukti likhI gaI hai| niyuktikAra ne Arambha meM prAcInagotrIya antima zrutakevalI tathA dazA, kalpa aura vyavahAra ke praNetA bhadrabAhu ko namaskAra kiyA hai| dazA, kalpa aura vyavahAra kA yahAM eka sAtha kathana hai| AThaveM adhyayana kI niyukti meM paryuSaNakalpa kA vyAkhyAna hai| parivasaNa, pajjusaNa, pajjosamaNa, vAsAvAsa, paDhamasamosaraNa, ThavaNA, jeTThoggaha (jyeSThagraha) ina paryAyavAcI zabdoM kA ullekha kiyA gayA hai| uttarAdhyayananiyukti-uttarAdhyayana sUtra para bhadrabAhu ne 559 gAthAoM meM niyukti kI racanA kI hai| uttarAdhyayana ke pUre sabhI chattIsa adhyayanoM para niyukti likhI gaI hai| isa niyukti meM gaMdhAra zrAvaka, tosaliputra, AcArya sthUlabhadra, skandaputra, RSi pArAzara, kAlaka tathA karakaMDU Adi pratyeka buddha tathA harikezI, mRgAputra Adi kI kathAoM kA ullekha kiyA hai, ATha nihnavoM kA vistAra se vivecana hai| bhadrabAhu ke cAra ziSyoM dvArA rAjagRha meM vaibhAra parvata kI guphA meM zIta-samAdhi grahaNa kie jAne tathA muni suvarNabhadra ke maccharoM kA ghora upasarga (mazaka-paripIta-zoNita-macchara jinake zoNita ko pI gae hoM) sahana kara kAlagata hone kA kathana hai| kamboja ke ghor3oM kA ullekha hai| kahIM-kahIM manoraMjaka uktiyoM ke rUpa meM mAgadhikAeM bhI mila jAtI haiN| Avazyakaniyukti- AvazyakasUtra meM pratipAdita chaha AvazyakoM kA yahAM vivecana hai| sarvaprathama haribhadrasUri ne isa para ziSyahitA nAma kI vRtti likhii| unakA anusaraNa karake bhaTTAraka jJAnasAgara sUri ne avacUrNi kI racanA kI,

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1478HERAI jinavANI- jainAgama sAhitya vizeSAr3aka jo mAnavijaya dvArA saMzodhita hokara seTha devacanda lAlabhAI jaina pustakoddhAra koza, sUrata se 1965 meM prakAzita kI gii| tatpazcAt malayagiri dvArA racita Avazyaka niyukti TIkA tIna bhAgoM meM prakAzita huii| mANikyazekhara sUri ne Avazyaka niyukti dIpikA likhI(tIna bhAgoM meM prkaashit)| aura bhI aneka avacUrNiyAM isa niyukti para likhI gii| jinabhadragaNi kSamAzramaNa dvArA racita vizeSAvazyaka-bhASya eka svatantra graMtha hai, phira bhI ise Avazyakaniyukti kA bhASya kahA jAtA hai| isa prakAra hama dekhate haiM ki isa niyukti para vipula sAhitya kI racanA kI gii| dazavaikAlikaniyukti- dazavaikAlika para bhadrabAhu ne 371 gAthAoM kI niyukti likhI hai| niyukti aura bhASya kI gAthAeM mizrita ho gaI haiN| dazavaikAlika sUtra meM pratipAdita drumapuSpikA Adi sabhI dasa adhyayanoM para niyukti kI racanA kI gaI hai| isameM aneka laukika aura dhArmika kathAnakoM tathA sUktiyoM dvArA sUtrArtha kA spaSTIkaraNa diyA gayA hai| hiMguziva, gaMdhavikA, subhadrA, mRgAvatI, naladAma aura govindavAcaka Adi kI aneka kathAeM yahAM varNita haiN| ina kathAoM kA prAyaH nAmollekha hI niyukti-gAthAoM meM upalabdha hotA hai, inheM vistAra se samajhane ke lie cUrNi athavA TIkA kI zaraNa lenA Avazyaka hai| RSibhASitaniyukti- bhadrabAhu dvArA racita "RSibhASita' nAmaka graMtha para likhI gaI niyukti anupalabdha hone se usake viSaya meM jAnakArI prApta nahIM .. (2) bhASya sAhitya niyukti kI bhAMti bhASya bhI prAkRta gAthAoM meM saMkSipta zailI meM likhe gae haiN| bRhatkalpa, dazavaikAlika Adi sUtroM ke bhASya aura niyukti kI gAthAeM paraspara atyadhika mizrita ho gaI haiM, isalie alaga se unakA adhyayana karanA kaThina hai| niyuktiyoM kI bhASA ke samAna bhASyoM kI bhASA bhI mukhya rUpa se ardhamAgadhI hI hai, aneka sthaloM para mAgadhI aura zaurasenI ke prayoga bhI dekhane meM Ate haiN| isa sAhitya meM mukhya chanda AryA hai| bhASyoM kA samaya sAmAnya taura para IsvI san kI lagabhaga cauthI-pA~cavI zatAbdI mAnA jA sakatA hai| bhASyasAhitya meM vizeSa rUpa meM nizIthabhASya, vyavahArabhASya aura bRhatkalpabhASya kA sthAna atyanta mahattva kA hai| isa sAhitya meM aneka prAcIna anazrutiyAM, laukika kathAeM aura nirgranthoM ke paramparAgata prAcIna AcAra-vicAra kI vidhiyoM Adi kA pratipAdana hai| jaina zramaNa-saMgha ke prAcIna itihAsa ko samyak prakAra se samajhane ke lie ukta tInoM bhASyoM kA gambhIra adhyayana Avazyaka hai| . saMghadAsagaNi kSamAzramaNa, jo vasudevahiNDI ke kartA saMghadAsagaNi vAcaka se

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| jainAgamoM kA vyAkhyA sAhitya 479 bhinna haiM, kalpalaghubhASya aura paMcakalpabhASya ke karttA ke rUpa meM prasiddha haiN| jinabhadragaNi kSamAzramaNa ne bhI kucha Agama graMthoM para bhASya likhe haiM, kucha saMghadAsagaNikRta tathA kucha jinabhadragaNi kSamAzramaNa dvArA bhASya likhe gaye haiN| AgamoM para likhe gaye pramukha bhASya haiM 1. bRhatkalpa laghubhASya 2. bRhatkalpa bRhat bhASya ( yaha apUrNa hai, tIsare apUrNa uddezaka taka prApta), 3. mahat paMcakalpabhASya 4. vyavahAra laghubhASya 5. vyavahAra bRhat bhASya (aprApta) 6. nizItha laghubhASya 7. nizItha bRhat bhASya (aprApta) 8. vizeSAvazyaka mahAbhASya 9. jItakalpa 10. uttarAdhyayana 11. AvazyakasUtramUlabhASya 12. Avazyaka sUtrabhASya, 13. oghaniryukti laghubhASya 14. oghaniyukti mahAbhASya 15. dazavaikAlika bhASya 16. piNDaniryukti bhASya / mahAkAya bhASyoM (mahAbhASyoM) kI saMkhyA ATha hai- vizeSAvazyaka, bRhatkalpalaghu, bRhatkalpabRhat, paMcakalpa, vyavahAralaghu, nizIthalaghu, jItakalpa aura oghaniyuktimahAbhASya / mahAbhASya do prakAra se likhe gae haiM - 1. jina para laghubhASya nahIM, sIdhe niryukti para svataMtra mahAbhASya, jaise vizeSAvazyaka-mahAbhASya aura oghaniyukti mahAbhASya 2. laghubhASya ko lakSya meM rakhakara mahAbhASya, jaise bRhatkalpabhASya (yaha mahAbhASya apUrNa hai) / nizItha aura vyavahAra para bhI mahAbhASya likhe gae the, lekina ve anupalabdha haiN| nizItha laghubhASya- nizItha, kalpa aura vyavahAra bhASya ke praNetA saMghadAsagaNi mAne gae haiM, jo vasudevahiNDI ke racayitA saMghadAsagaNivAcaka se bhinna haiN| nizItha laghu-bhASya kI aneka gAthAeM bRhatkalpalaghu-bhASya se milatI haiN| yaha bhASya bIsa uddezoM meM 6703 gAthAoM meM likhA gayA hai| sarvaprathama pIThikA meM sasa, elAsAr3ha, mUladeva aura khaNDA nAma ke cAra dhUrto kI manoraMjaka kathA dI gaI hai, jisakA AdhAra ajJAtakartRka dhuttakkhANaga (dhUrtAkhyAnaka) nAmaka grantha batAyA gayA hai| bhASya meM yaha kathA atyanta saMkSepa meM dI gaI hai, jise cUrNikAra ne vistRta rUpa se diyA hai| Age calakara yaha haribhadrasUri ke dhuttakkhANaga nAmaka kathAgrantha kA AdhAra bnaa| kathA-kahAniyoM Adi ke mAdhyama se sAdhuoM ke AcAra-vicAra saMbaMdhI aneka mahattvapUrNa viSayoM kA pratipAdana yahAM upalabdha hotA hai| vyavahAra bhASya - nizItha aura bRhatkalpabhASya kI bhAMti vyavahArabhASya bhI parimANa meM kAphI bar3A hai / malayagiri ne isa para vivaraNa likhA hai| vyavahAraniyukti aura vyavahArabhASya kI gAthAeM paraspara mizrita ho gaI haiN| isa bhASya meM dasa uddezakoM meM AlocanA, prAyazcitta, gaccha, padavI, vihAra, mRtyu, upAzraya, pratimAeM Adi viSayoM ko lekara sAdhu-sAdhviyoM ke AcAra-vicAra, tapa, prAyazcita aura prasaMgavaza deza-deza ke rItirivAja Adi kA varNana hai /

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ETES [480 jinavANI- jainAgama-sAhitya vizeSAGka isameM AlocanA Adi padoM kI vyAkhyApUrvaka zuddha bhAva se AlocanA karanA, kSiptacitta aura dIptacitta sAdhuoM kI sevA-suzrUSA karanA, sAdhuoM ke vihAra kI vidhi, sAdhu-sAdhviyoM ko apane sage-saMbaMdhiyoM ke ghara se AhAra Adi grahaNa karane kI vidhi kA vidhAna, anya samudAya se Ane vAle sAdhu-sAdhviyoM ko apane samudAya meM lene ke niyamoM kA vivecana tathA unake zayana, bAla dIkSA-vidhi Adi kA vivecana kiyA gayA hai| bRhatkalpa laghubhASya-saMghadAsagaNi kSamAzramaNa isa bhASya ke racayitA haiN| bRhatkalpa ke sUtroM kA isameM vivecana kiyA gayA hai| pIThikA ke atirikta yaha chaha uddezakoM meM vibhakta hai| bRhatkalpa-laghubhASya kI pIThikA meM 805 gAthAeM haiM, jinameM jJAnapaMcaka, samyaktva, sUtrapariSad, sthaMDilabhUmi, pAtralepa, gocaryA, basati kI rakSA, vastragrahaNa, avagraha, vihAra Adi kA varNana hai| striyoM ke lie bhUyavAda (dRSTivAda) par3hane kA niSedha hai| isameM zrAvakabhAryA, sAptapadika, koMkaNadAraka, nakula, kamalAmelA, zaMba kA sAhasa aura zreNika ke krodha kI kathAoM kA varNana hai| bRhatkalpa-bRhatbhASya- yaha bhASya adhUrA hI upalabdha hai| isa bhASya meM pIThikA aura prArambha ke do uddezaka pUrNa haiM, aura tIsarA uddezaka apUrNa hai| bRhatkalpa- laghubhASyagata viSayoM kA hI yahAM vistRta vivecana kiyA gayA hai| jItakalpabhASya- jItakalpabhASya para jinabhadragaNi kSamAzramaNa kA svopajJa bhASya hai| yaha bhASya vastuta: bRhatkalpa laghubhASya, vyavahAra bhASya, paMcakalpa mahAbhASya aura piNDaniyukti Adi graMthoM kI gAthAoM kA saMgraha hai| inameM pAMca jJAna, prAyazcitta sthAna, bhaktaparijJA kI vidhi, iMginImaraNa aura pAdopagamana kA lakSaNa, gupti-samiti kA svarUpa, jJAna-darzana-cAritra ke aticAra, utpAdanA kA svarUpa, grahaNaiSaNA kA lakSaNa, dAna kA svarUpa Adi viSayoM kA pratipAdana kiyA hai| yahAM krodha ke lie kSapaka, mAna ke lie kSullaka, mAyA ke lie ASAr3habhUti, lobha ke lie siMhakesara, modaka ke icchuka kSapaka, vidyA ke lie bauddha upAsaka, mantra ke lie pAdalipta aura muruNDarAja, cUrNa ke lie kSullakadvaya aura yoga ke lie brahmadvIpavAsI tApasoM ke udAharaNa prastuta kie gae haiN| uttarAdhyayanabhASya- zAntisUri kI pAiyaTIkA meM bhASya kI kucha hI gAthAeM upalabdha hotI haiN| anya bhASya kI gAthAoM kI bhAMti isa bhASya kI gAthAeM bhI niyukti ke sAtha mizrita ho gaI haiN| inameM boTika kI utpatti tathA pulAka, bakuza, kuzIla, nirgrantha aura snAtaka nAma ke jaina nirgrantha sAdhuoM ke svarUpa kA pratipAdana hai| isameM kevala 45 gAthAeM haiN| AvazyakabhASya- Avazyaka sUtra para mUlabhASya, bhASya aura vizeSAvazyaka mahAbhASya likhe gae haiN| isa sUtra kI niyukti meM 1623 gAthAeM haiM, jabaki bhASya meM kula 253 gAthAeM upalabdha hotI haiN| yahA bhI bhASya aura niyukti ww

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jainAgamoM kA vyAkhyA sAhitya 481 kI gAthAoM meM mizraNa huA hai| vizeSAvazyaka bhASya jinabhadragaNi kSamAzramaNa ne likhA hai, jo AvazyakasUtra ke kevala sAmAyika nAmaka prathama adhyayana para hai| isameM 3603 gAthAeM haiN| kAlikazruta meM caraNa-karaNAnuyoga, RSibhASita meM dharmakathAnuyoga aura dRSTivAda meM dravyAnuyoga ke kathana haiN| mahAkalpazruta Adi kA isI dRSTivAda se uddhAra huA batAyA gayA hai| kauNDinya ke ziSya azvamitra ko anupravAdapUrva ke antargata naipuNika vastu meM pAraMgata batAyA hai| nihnavoM aura karakaNDU Adi pratyekabuddhoM ke jIvana kA yahAM vistAra se varNana hai / dazavaikAlika bhASya- dazavaikAlikabhASya kI 63 gAthAeM haribhadra kI TIkA ke sAtha dI huI haiN| inameM hetuvizuddhi, pratyakSa parokSa tathA mUlaguNa aura uttaraguNoM kA pratipAdana hai| aneka pramANoM se jIva kI siddhi kI gaI hai| laukika, vaidika tathA sAmayika (bauddha) loga jIva ko jisa rUpa meM svIkAra karate the usakA ullekha vistAra se kiyA gayA hai| piNDaniryuktibhASya - piNDaniyukti para 46 gAthAoM kA bhASya hai, jisameM piNDa, AdhAkarma, auddezika, mizrajAta, sUkSmaprabhRtikA, vizodhi, avizodhi Adi zramaNadharma viSayaka saMkSipta vivecana hai| yahAM pATaliputra ke rAjA candragupta aura usake mantrI cANakya kA ullekha hai / oghaniryukti laghubhASya - oghaniyukti ke bhASya meM 322 gAthAoM meM oma, piNDa, vrata, zramaNadharma, saMyama, vaiyAvRttya, gupti, tapa, samiti, bhAvanA, pratimA, indriyanirodha, pratilekhanA, abhigraha, anuyoga, kAyotsarga, aupapAtika, upakaraNa Adi kA vivecana hai / dharmaruci Adi ke kathAnakoM aura badarI Adi ke dRSTAntoM dvArA tattvajJAna ko samajhAyA gayA hai| jyotiSa Adi kA prayoga bhI sAdhu kiyA karate the| isameM aneka kathAnakoM, sAdhu ke AcAra evaM laukika dharma meM nirvahana hetu prasaMgoM kA varNana kiyA gayA hai| oghaniyukti bRhatbhASya - oghaniyukti - laghubhASya meM pratipAdita viSayoM ko yahAM vistAra se samajhAyA gayA hai / grantha ke bhASyakAra ke saMbaMdha meM koI jAnakArI nahIM miltii| yaha bhASya aprakAzita hai| paMcakalpa mahAbhASya- yaha bhASya paMcakalpaniyukti ke vyAkhyAna ke rUpa meM likhA gayA hai| isameM paMcakalpa - laghubhASya kA bhI samAveza ho jAtA hai| jaise paMcakalpaniyukti kalpaniyukti kA hI aMza hai, vaise hI paMcakalpabhASya bRhatkalpabhASya kA hI aMza hai / isa bhASya ke kartA saMghadAsagaNi kSamAzramaNa haiN| isameM 2666 gAthAoM meM pAMca prakAra ke kalpoM kA saMkSipta vivecana hai| muni puNyavijayajI dvArA taiyAra karAI gaI isa bhASya kI pratilipi romana lipi meM iNDolojiyA, berolinensisa 5 se 1977 meM prakAzita huI hai|

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[ 482 jinavANI- jainAgama-sAhitya vizeSAGaka / (3)cUNi sAhitya AgamoM ke Upara likhe hue vyAkhyA-sAhitya meM cUrNiyoM kA sthAna bahuta mahattva kA hai| cUrNiyAM gadya meM likhI gaI haiN| cUrNiyAM kevala prAkRta meM hI na likhI jAkara saMskRta mizrita prAkRta meM likhI gaI thIM, isalie bhI isa sAhitya kA kSetra niyukti aura bhASya kI apekSA adhika vistRta thaa| cUrNiyoM meM prAkRta kI pradhAnatA hone ke kAraNa isakI bhASA ko mizra prAkRta bhASA kahanA sarvathA ucita hI hai| nizItha ke vizeSacUrNikAra ne cUrNi kI nimnalikhita paribhASA dI hai pAgaDo ti prAkRtaH pragaTo vA padArtho vastubhAvo yatra saH, tathA paribhASyate artho'nayeti paribhASA cuurnnirucyte| abhidhAnarAjendrakoza meM cUrNi kI paribhASA dekhie atthabahulaM mahatthaM heunivAovasaggagambhIraM / bahupAyamavocchinnaM gamaNayasuddhaM tu cuNNapayaM / / arthAt jisameM artha kI bahulatA ho, mahAna artha ho, hetu, nipAta aura upasarga se jo yukta ho, gambhIra ho, aneka padoM se saMbaMdhita ho, jisameM aneka gama(jAnane ke upAya) hoM aura jo nayoM se zuddha ho, use cUrNipada samajhanA caahie| cUrNiyoM meM prAkRta kI laukika, dhArmika aneka kathAeM upalabdha haiM, prAkRta bhASA meM zabdoM kI vyutpatti milatI hai tathA saMskRta aura prAkRta ke aneka padya uddhRta haiN| cUrNiyoM meM nizItha kI vizeSacUrNi tathA AvazyakacUrNi kA sthAna bahuta mahattva kA hai| isameM jaina purAtattva se saMbaMdha rakhane vAlI vipula sAmagrI milatI hai| lokakathA aura bhASAzAstra kI dRSTi se yaha sAhitya atyanta upayogI hai| vANijyakulIna koTigaNIya vajrazAkhIya jinadAsagaNi mahattara adhikAMza cUrNiyoM ke kartA ke rUpa meM prasiddha haiN| unakA samaya IsvI san kI chaThI zatAbdI ke AsapAsa mAnA jAtA hai| nimnalikhita AgamoM para cUrNiyAM upalabdha haiM- AcArAMga, sUtrakRtAMga, vyAkhyAprajJapti, kalpa, vyavahAra, nizItha, paMcakalpa, dazAzrutaskandha, jItakalpa, jIvAbhigama, prajJApanA, jambUdvIpaprajJapti, uttarAdhyayana, Avazyaka, dazavaikAlika, nandI aura anuyogdvaar| AcArAMgacUrNi- niyukti-gAthAoM ke AdhAra para yaha cUrNi likhI gaI hai| ata: yahAM unhIM viSayoM kA vivecana kiyA gayA hai, jinakA prarUpaNa AcArAMga niyukti meM upalabdha hai| paramparA se AcArAMgacUrNi ke kartA jinadAsagaNi mahattara mAne jAte haiN| yahAM aneka sthaloM para nAgArjunIya vAcanA ke sAkSIpUrvaka pAThabheda prastuta karate hue unakI vyAkhyA kI gaI hai| bIca-bIca meM saMskRta aura prAkRta ke aneka laukika padya uddhRta haiN| pratyeka zabda ko spaSTa karane ke lie eka viziSTa zailI apanAI gaI hai|

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jainAgamoM kA vyAkhyA sAhitya 483 sUtrakRtAMgacUrNi - - yaha cUrNi bhI niyukti kA anusaraNa karake likhI gaI hai| isa cUrNa meM nAgArjunIya vAcanA ke jagaha-jagaha pAThAntara diye haiN| aneka dezoM ke rIti rivAja Adi kA ullekha hai / udAharaNa ke lie - sindhu deza meM paNNatti kA svAdhyAya karane kA manA hai / golla deza meM koI kisI puruSa kI hatyA kara de to vaha kisI brAhmaNaghAtaka ke samAna hI niMdanIya samajhA jAtA hai| ArdrakumAra ke vRttAMta meM Ardraka ko mleccha deza kA rahane vAlA batAyA hai| AryadezavAsI zreNika ke putra abhayakumAra se mitratA karane ke lie Ardraka ne usake lie bheMTa bhejI thii| bauddhoM ke jAtakoM kA ullekha hai / vyAkhyAprajJapti cUrNi - vyAkhyAprajJapti sUtra para yaha atilaghu cUrNi hai, jo aprakAzita hai| jambUdvIpaprajJapti cUrNi - jambUdvIpaprajJapti sUtra kI cUrNi bhI aprakAzita hai| nizIthavizeSacUrNi - nizItha para likhI huI cUrNi ko visesacuNNi (vizeSacUrNi ) kahA gayA hai| isake kartA jinadAsagaNi mahattara haiN| nizItha cUrNi anupalabdha hai| isameM piMDaniyukti aura oghaniyukti kA ullekha milatA hai, jisase patA calatA hai ki yaha cUrNi ina donoM niyuktiyoM ke bAda likhI gaI hai / sAdhuoM ke AcAra-vicAra se saMbaMdha rakhane vAle apavAdasaMbaMdhI aneka niyamoM kA yahAM varNana hai| sAdhuoM ke AcAra-vicAra ke varNana ke prasaMga meM yahAM aneka dezoM meM pracalita rIti-rivAjoM kA ullekha hai| lATadeza meM mAmA kI lar3akI se vivAha kiyA jA sakatA thA / mAlava aura sindhu deza ke kaThorabhASI tathA mahArASTra ke loga vAcAla mAne jAte the / nirgrantha, zAkya, tApasa, gairika aura AjIvaka-ina pAMcoM kI zramaNa meM gaNanA kI gaI hai / zvAnoM ke sambandha meM batAyA hai ki kelAsa parvata (meru) para rahane vAle deva yakSa rUpa meM (zvAnarUpa meM) isa martyaloka meM rahate haiN| zaka, yavana, mAlava tathA AMdhra - damila kA yahAM ullekha hai| dazAzrutaskaMdhacUrNi - dazAzrutaskaMdha kI niyukti kI bhAMti isakI cUrNi bhI laghu hai| yaha cUrNi bhI niyukti kA anusaraNa karake likhI gaI hai| mUla sUtrapATha aura cUrNisammata pATha meM kahIM-kahIM kucha antara hai| yahAM bhI aneka zloka uddhRta haiN| dazA, kalpa aura vyavahAra ko pratyAkhyAna nAmaka pUrva meM se uddhRta batAyA hai / dRSTivAda kA asamAdhisthAna nAmaka prAbhRta se bhadrabAhu ne uddhAra kiyaa| AThaveM karmapravAdapUrva meM ATha mahAnimittoM kA vivecana hai| pratiSThAna ke rAjA sAtavAhana aura AcArya kAlaka kI kathA ullikhita hai| siddhasena kA ullekha milatA hai| gozAla ko bhArIyagozAla kahA hai, isakA tAtparya hai jo guru kI avahelanA karatA hai aura usake kathana ko nahIM maantaa| aMguSTha aura pradezinI (tarjanI) uMgalI meM jitane cAvala eka bAra A sakeM, utane hI cAvaloM ko bhakSaNa karane vAle Adi aneka tApasoM kA ullekha hai|

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484 B jinavANI- jainAgama-sAhitya vizeSAGka bRhatkalpacUrNi - yaha cUrNi mUlasUtra aura usa para likhe hue laghubhASya para likhI gaI hai| isa cUrNa kA prAraMbhika aMza dazAzrutaskandha cUrNi se bahuta kucha milatA hai / sambhavataH dazAzrutaskandhacUrNi bRhatkalpacUrNi ke pUrva meM likhI gaI hai aura donoM eka hI AcArya kI racanAeM haiN| yahAM tattvArthAdhigama, vizeSAvazyakabhASya, karmaprakRti, mahAkalpa aura govindaniyukti kA ullekha hai| jItakalpa bRhaccUrNi - yaha cUrNi mUlasUtra para likhI gaI hai| siddhasenasUrikRta yaha cUrNi prAkRta meM hai / isameM saMskRta kA prayoga nahIM kiyA gayA hai| cUrNikAra ne Adi aura anta meM jItakalpasUtra ke praNetA jinabhadragaNi kSamAzramaNa ko namaskAra kiyA hai| prastuta cUrNi meM eka anya cUrNi kA bhI ullekha hai, jo anupalabdha hai| uttarAdhyayanacUrNi- uttarAdhyayanacUrNi ke karttA jinadAsagaNi mahattara haiN| inhoMne apane dharmaguru kA nAma vANijyakulIna, koTikagaNIya, vajrazAkhIya gopAlagaNi mahattara tathA vidyAguru kA nAma (nizIthavizeSacUrNi ke ullekhAnusAra) pradyumna kSamAzramaNa batAyA hai| yaha cUrNi bhI niyukti kA anusaraNa karake likhI gaI hai| cUrNikAra ne apanI kRti dazavaikAlika cUrNi kA ullekha kiyA hai| nAgArjunIya pATha kA yahAM aneka sthaloM para ullekha hai| bahuta se zabdoM kI vicitra vyutpattiyAM dI huI haiN| AvazyakacUrNi - AvazyakacUrNi ke karttA jinadAsagaNi mahattara mAne jAte haiN| yaha Avazyaka sUtra meM pratipAdita sUtroM para sIdhe TIkA nahIM hai, kintu vizeSAvazyaka kI bhAMti Avazyaka kI niyukti ko AdhAra mAna kara likhI gaI hai| jahAM-tahAM vizeSAvazyaka bhASya kI gAthAoM kA vyAkhyAna dekhane meM AtA hai / sUtrakRtAMga Adi cUrNiyoM kI bhAMti isa cUrNi meM kevala zabdArtha kA hI pratipAdana nahIM hai, balki bhASA aura viSaya kI dRSTi se nizItha cUrNi kI taraha yaha eka svataMtra racanA jJAta hotI hai / dazavaikAlikacUrNi(jinadAsagaNimahattarakRta) - dazavaikAlikacUrNi ke karttA jinadAsagaNi mahattara mAne jAte haiN| yaha cUrNi bhI niryukti kA anusaraNa karake likhI gaI hai| jinadAsagaNi kI prastuta cUrNi meM Avazyaka cUrNi kA ullekha bhI milatA hai| isase patA calatA hai ki Avazyaka cUrNi ke pazcAt isakI racanA huii| yahAM bhI zabdoM kI vicitra vyutpattiyAM dI gaI haiN| dazavaikAlikacUrNi (agastyasiMha kRta) - jinadAsagaNi mahattara kRta cUrNi kI bhAMti yaha cUrNi bhI niyukti kA anugamana karake likhI gaI hai| cUrNi ke aMta meM cUrNikAra ne apanA nAma kalazabhavamRgendra (kalaza-bhava - kalaza se utpanna arthAt agastya; mRgendra = siMha) arthAt agastyasiMha vyakta kiyA hai| agastyasiMhagaNi RSigupta kSamAzramaNa ke ziSya the| ve koTigaNIya vajrasvAmI kI zAkhA ke AcArya the| sthavira agastyasiMha kA samaya vikrama

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jainAgamoM kA vyAkhyA sAhitya 485) kI tIsarI zatAbdI mAnA gayA hai, aura mahattvapUrNa bAta yaha hai ki yaha racanA valabhI vAcanA ke lagabhaga 200-300 varSa pUrva likhI jA cukI thii| prastuta cUrNi ke mUla sUtrapAThoM, jinadAsagaNi mahattara kRta cUrNi ke mUla sUtra pAThoM aura haribhadra kRta vRtti ke mUla sUtrapAThoM meM kahIM-kahIM antara pAyA jAtA hai| cUrNi kI niyukti gAthAoM ke saMbaMdha meM yaha bhI vibhinnatA dekhane meM AtI hai ki kitanI hI niyukti gAthAeM aisI haiM jo haribhadrIya TIkA meM upalabdha haiM, kintu donoM cUrNikAroM ne unheM uddhRta nahIM kiyaa| prastuta saMskaraNa meM sUtra gAthAoM, 270 niyukti gAthAoM tathA cUrNigata uddharaNoM kI anukramaNikA dI huI hai| prastAvanA meM agastyasiMha aura haribhadra dvArA svIkRta niyukti gAthAoM kI tAlikA prastuta hai| aneka vAcanAntara, pAThabheda, arthabheda aura sUtra pAThoM ke ullekhoM kI dRSTi se yaha cUrNi mahattvapUrNa hai| muni puNyavijayajI kI mAnyatA hai ki dazavaikAlika sUtra para una donoM cUrNiyoM ke atirikta aura bhI prAcIna cUrNi rahI hogI, jisakA ullekha donoM cUrNikAroM ne kiyA hai| nandIcUrNi- yaha cUrNi mUla sUtra kA anusaraNa karake likhI gaI hai| yahAM mAtharI vAcanA kA ullekha AtA hai| bAraha varSoM kA akAla par3ane para AhAra Adi na milane ke kAraNa jaina bhikSu mathurA chor3akara anyatra vihAra kara gae the| durbhikSa hone para samasta sAdhu samudAya AcArya skaMdila ke netRtva meM mathurA meM ekatrita huA aura jise smaraNa thA, use kAlikazruta ke rUpa meM saMghaTita kara diyA gyaa| kucha logoM kA kathana hai ki durbhikSa ke samaya zruta naSTa nahIM huA thA, mukhya-mukhya anuyogadhArI AcArya mRtyu ko prApta ho gae the, ataeva skaMdila AcArya ne mathurA meM Akara sAdhuoM ko anuyoga kI zikSA dii| anuyogadvAracUrNi- yaha cUrNi bhI mUlasUtra kA anusaraNa karake likhI gaI hai| yahAM talavara, kauTumbika, ibhya, zreSThI, senApati, sArthavAha, vApI, puSkariNI, sAraNI, gaMjAliyA, ArAma, udyAna, kAnana, vana, gopura, sabhA, prapA, ratha, yAna, zivikA Adi ke artha samajhAe haiN| saMgIta saMbaMdhI tIna padya prAkRta meM uddhRta haiM, jisase patA calatA hai ki saMgItazAstra para bhI koI grantha prAkRta meM rahA hogaa| sAta svaroM aura nau rasoM kA sodAharaNa vivecana kiyA gayA hai| anuyoga dvAra ke aMgulapada para likhI hue eka anya cUrNi hai, jisake kartA suprasiddha bhASyakAra jinabhadragaNi kSamAzramaNa haiN| yaha cUrNi jinadAsagaNi mahattarakRta anuyogadvAra cUrNi meM akSaraza: uddhRta kI gaI hai| (4) TIkA sAhitya niyukti, bhASya aura cUrNiyoM kI bhAMti AgamoM para vistRta TIkAe~ bhI likhI gaI haiM, jo Agama siddhAnta ko samajhane ke lie atyanta upayogI haiN| ye TIkAe~ saMskRta meM haiM, kucha TIkAoM kA kathana saMbaMdhI aMzaprAkRta meM bhI uddhRta kiyA gayA hai| jAna par3atA hai ki AgamoM kI antima valabhI vAcanA ke

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| 486 jinavANI- jainAgama-sAhitya vizeSAGaka pUrva hI AgamoM para TIkAeM likhI jAne lagI thiiN| vikrama kI tIsarI zatAbdI ke AcArya agastyasiMha ne apanI dazavakAlika cUrNi meM aneka sthaloM para ina prAcIna TIkAoM kI ora saMketa kiyA hai| TIkAkAroM meM yAkinIsUnu haribhadrasUri (705-775 IsvI san) kA nAma ullekhanIya hai, jinhoMne Avazyaka, dazavaikAlika, nandI aura anuyogadvAra para TIkAeM likhiiN| prajJApanA para bhI haribhadrasUri ne TIkA likhI hai| ina TIkAoM meM lekhaka ne kathAbhAga ko prAkRta meM hI surakSita rakhA hai| haribhadrasUri ke lagabhaga sau varSa pazcAt zIlAMkasUri ne AcArAMga aura sUtrakRtAMga para saMskRta TIkAeM likhii| inameM jaina AcAra-vicAra aura tattvajJAna saMbaMdhI aneka mahattvapUrNa viSayoM kA vivecana kiyA gayA hai| Agama-sAhitya ke saMskRta TIkAkAroM meM jinabhadragaNi kSamAzramaNa kA nAma sarvopari hai| anya TIkAoM meM Avazyakaniyukti para haribhadrasUri aura malayagiri kI uttarAdhyayana para vAdivetAla zAntisUri aura nemicandrasUri (AcAryapada prApti ke pUrva apara nAma devendragaNi) kI tathA dazavaikAlika sUtra para haribhadra kI TIkAeM vizeSa rUpa se ullekhanIya haiN| haribhadra sUri eka bahuzruta vidvAn the, jinakA nAma Agama ke prAcIna TIkAkAroM meM ginA jAtA hai| vividha viSayoM para unake aneka graMtha prakAzita ho cuke haiN| unhoMne Avazyaka, dazavaikAlika, jIvAbhigama, prajJApanA, nandI, anuyogadvAra aura piNDaniyukti (apUrNa) para TIkAeM likhI haiN| haribhadra ne Avazyaka sUtra para do TIkAeM likhI haiN| yaha TIkA yadyapi niyukti ko AdhAra mAna kara hI likhI hai, phira bhI jahAM tahAM bhASya gAthAoM kA bhI upayoga kiyA hai| kahIM- kahIM niyukti ke pAThAntara bhI die gae haiN| isake kathAnaka prAkRta meM hI prastuta haiN| haribhadrasUri kI bhAMti TIkAoM meM prAkRta kathAoM ko surakSita rakhane vAle AcAryoM meM vAdivetAla zAntisUri, nemicandrasUri aura malayagiri kA nAma ullekhanIya hai| anya TIkAkAroM meM I.san kI 12 vIM zatAbdI ke vidvAna abhayadevasUri, droNAcArya, maladhAra hemacandra, malayagirI tathA kSemakIrti (I.san 1275), zAnticandra (I.san 1593) Adi ke nAma ullekhanIya haiN| inake TIkAgrantha saMskRta meM prAkRta uddharaNa sahita prApta hote haiN| kucha granthoM kI bhASA prAkRta hai| zAntisUri 'kavIndra' tathA 'vAdicakravartI' ke rUpa meM prasiddha the| mAlavA ke rAjA bhoja ne inakI vAda-vivAda kI pratibhA para mugdha hokara inheM 'vAdivetAla' kI padavI pradAna kI thii| uttarAdhyayana para likhI huI inakI TIkA meM prAkRta kathAnaka evaM prAkRta uddharaNoM kI pradhAnatA hone se use pAiya (prAkRta) TIkA kahA hai; nemicandrasUri ne vAdivetAla zAntisUri kI pAiyaTIkA ke AdhAra para uttarAdhyayanasUtra para sukhabodhA TIkA kI racanA kii| inhoMne bhI apanI TIkA meM aneka AkhyAna prAkata meM hI udadhata kiye haiN| TIkA kI

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jainAgamoM kA vyAkhyA sAhitya kAya 487) prazasti meM inhoMne apane ko bRhadgacchIya udyotanAcArya ke ziSya upAdhyAya Amradeva kA ziSya batAyA hai| apanI isa racanA ko unhoMne aNahila nagara (pATana) meM IsavI san 1072 meM samApta kiyaa| nemicandrasUri vAdivetAla zAMtisUri ke samakAlIna the| AcArAMga aura sUtrakRtAMga para zIlAMkAcArya kI vidvattApUrNa TIkAe~ haiN| abhayadevasUri navAMgIvRttikAra ke rUpa meM prasiddha haiN| inhoMne sthAnAMga, samavAyAMga, vyAkhyAprajJapti, jJAtAdharmakathA, upAsakadazA, aMtakRddazA, anuttaraupapAtika, praznavyAkaraNa, vipAka aura aupapAtika sUtra para vRttiyA~ likhI haiN| isa prakAra Agama aura unakI vyAkhyAoM ke rUpa meM likhe gae isa vizAla sAhitya kA adhyayana-adhyApana kI dRSTi se vizeSa mahattva hai| jaina muniyoM ne apane upadezoM ke dRSTAntoM meM inakI kahAniyoM kA yatheSTa upayoga kiyA hai| dUsare prakAra kI kathAeM paurANika kathAeM haiM, jinheM rAmAyaNa, mahAbhArata Adi brAhmaNa granthoM se lekara jainarUpa meM DhAlA gayA hai| DaoN. viNTaranitsa ke zabdoM meM "jaina TIkA sAhitya meM bhAratIya prAcIna kathAsAhitya ke aneka ujjvalaM ratna vidyamAna haiM, jo anyatra upalabdha nahIM hote|" jaina AgamoM ke vyAkhyA sAhitya kI cAra vidyAoM ke atirikta aura bhI vidyAeM bAda meM pracalita huI, jo saMskRta athavA kSetrIya bhASAoM meM nibaddha thii| yathA-avacUri, therAvalI, TabbA, dIpikA, tAtparya, vRtti aadi| -prAkRta evaM jaimAgama vibhAga jaina vizvabhAratIya saMsthAna, lADanUM (rAja.)

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SaTkhaNDAgama aura kasAyapAhuDa DaoN. cetanaprakAza pATanI digambara paramparA meM SaTkhaNDAgama aura kaSAyaprAbhRta kI gaNanA Agama granthoM meM kI jAtI hai| inameM karma-siddhAnta viSayaka gambhIra, vizada evaM vistRta carcA hai| SaTkhaNDAgama meM chaha khaNDa hai, jinameM se jIvasthAna Adi pA~ca khaNDoM kI racanA AcArya puSpadanta ne kI tathA chaThe khaNDa mahAbaMdha kI racanA bhUtabalI ne kii| kaSAyaprAbhRta ke racayitA AcArya guNadhara the| kaSAyaprAbhRta meM mAtra mohakarma kI carcA hai| jainadarzana ke vidvAn evaM jayanArAyaNa vyAsa vizvavidyAlaya meM hindI ke saha AcArya DaoN. pATanI jI ne SaTkhaNDAgama aura kaSAyaprAbhRta (kasAyapAhuDa) kA inakI TIkAoM sahita saMkSepa meM paricaya karAyA hai| vyApaka adhyayana ke lie mUlagrantha evaM TIkAe~ adhyetavya haiN| -sampAdaka paramparA __ avicchinna zrutaparamparA ke AkAMkSI dIrghadarzI dharasenAcArya ke ziSya AcArya puSpadanta aura bhUtabalI dvArA viracita SaTkhaNDAgama digambara jaina sAhitya kI anupama nidhi hai| antima tIrthakara bhagavAna mahAvIra dvArA apanI divyadhvani ke mAdhyama se pratipAdita vastusvarUpa ko pradhAna gaNadhara gautama ne dvAdazAMga vANI ke rUpa meM grathita kara paravartI AcAryoM ko zruta paramparA se sulabha kraayaa| zruta kI yaha maukhika paramparA kramaza: kSINa hotI calI gii| bhagavAna ke nirvANa ke bAda 62 varSa meM tIna anubaddha kevalI bhagavAna hue, pazcAt sau varSa ke kAla meM pA~ca zruta kevalI dvAdazAMga jJAna ke dhArI hue| usake bAda 183 varSa meM 11 aMga aura 10 pUrva ke jJAtA AcAryoM kI paramparA clii| anantara 220 varSoM meM kevala pA~ca hI AcArya aise hue jinheM 11 aMgoM kA jJAna prApta thaa| isake bAda aMgoM kA jJAna lupta hone lagA aura kevala cAra AcArya aise hue jinheM eka aMga kA aura zeSa aMgoM va pUrvo ke eka deza kA jJAna prApta thaa| taba taka zruta ko lipibaddha karane ke prayAsoM kA zubhArambha nahIM huA thaa| avataraNa bhagavAna kI divyadhvani se ni:sRta yaha jJAna AcArya paramparA se kramaza: hIna hotA huA AcArya dharasena taka aayaa| ve atyanta kuzala nimittajJAnI the| apane nimisajJAna se ve yaha jAna rahe the ki mahAkarmaprakRti prAbhRta ke jJAtA ve antima AcArya haiN| usake bAda maukhika / zruta paramparA ke bala para Agama jJAna kI isa dhArA ko baDhAnA sambhava nahIM rhegaa| ata: unheM isakI surakSA kI cintA huii| apanI cintA se mukta hone ke lie unhoMne 'giranAra' siddha kSetra ko apanI sAdhanA sthalI bnaayaa| apane saMghastha ziSyoM meM unheM koI aisA samartha sAdhaka nahIM dikhA jo unake Agama jJAna ko grahaNa kara lipibaddha kara sake, ata: mahimAnagarI meM sampanna hone vAle 'muni sammelana' ko unhoMne saMdeza bhejakara apanI cintA se avagata karAyA aura do yogya

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SaTkhaNDAgama aura kasAyapAhuDa 489 samartha sAdhaka bhijavAne kA apanA abhiprAya prakaTa kiyaa| muni sammelana meM isa mahAn AcArya ke abhiprAya ko pUrNa sammAna diyA gayA aura tatrasthita sAdhuoM meM se viSayAzAnivRtta aura jJAnadhyAna meM anurakta do samartha, dRr3ha zraddhAnI sAdhuoM- puSpadanta aura bhUtabalI ko giranAra kI ora vihAra krvaayaa| jaba muni puSpadanta aura bhUtabalI giranAra pahuMcane vAle the usakI pUrva rAtri meM AcArya dharasena svAmI ne dekhA ki do zukla varNa ke vRSabha A rahe haiN| svapna dekhate hI unake muMha se nikala par3A- 'jayau sudadevatA' zrutadevatA jayavanta rhe| dUsare dina donoM sAdhu AcArya caraNoM meM upasthita ho gaye / bhaktipUrvaka AcAryavandanA karake unhoMne apane Ane kA prayojana btaayaa| parIkSApradhAnI AcArya ne donoM muniyoM ko eka-eka maMtra dekara use siddha karane kA Adeza diyaa| yogya muniyoM ne maMtra siddha kiyA, parantu maMtroM kI vazavartI deviyA~ jaba sAdhakoM ke sAmane AjJA mAMgane pragaTa huI to ve sundara nahIM thIeka ke dAMta bar3he hue the, dUsarI ekAkSI thii| samartha sAdhakoM ne turanta bhAMpa liyA ki unake maMtra adhikAkSara aura nyUnAkSara doSagrasta the| unhoMne apane mantroM ko zuddha kiyA aura punaH sAdhanA - saMlagna hue taba donoM ke sAmane sudarzana deviyAM prakaTa huii| AcArya dharasena ne donoM kI bhakti aura niSThA ko jAnakara usI dina se unheM mahAkarmaprakRti prAbhRta rUpa Agama jJAna pradAna karanA prArambha kara diyaa| donoM ziSyoM ne vinIta bhAva se usa anamola dharohara ko grahaNa kiyA aura apanI dhAraNA meM usakA saMcaya kiyA / ASAr3ha zuklA ekAdazI ke punIta divasa para jJAna dAna kA yaha mahAn anuSThAna sampanna huA / varSAyoga nikaTa thA / prAta: dUsare hI dina AcArya dharasena ne muni puSpadanta aura bhUtabalI ko vihAra karane kA Adeza de diyaa| donoM muni vahAM se vihAra kara nau dinoM ke bAda aMkalezvara phuNce| vahAM unhoMne varSAyoga dhAraNa kiyA aura guru se adhIta jJAna ke AdhAra para sUtra racanA kA kArya prArambha kara diyA aura anavarata usI meM saMlagna kara use pUrNa kiyaa| puSpadanta aura bhUtabalI dvArA Agama ko lipibaddha karane kA yaha nUtana prayAsa sabake dvArA samAdRta huA / samakAlIna aura paravartI jJAnapipAsu AcAryoM ne ina sUtroM kI upayogitA aura mahattA ko svIkAra kiyaa| SaTkhaNDAnukrama AcArya puSpadanta dvArA praNIta grantha kI prathama gAthA hamArA 'paMca namaskAra maMtra' yA 'NamokAra maMtra' hI hai jo dIrghakAla se pratyeka jaina ke kaNTha kI zobhA hai| isa Agama grantha ko Aja AgamasiddhAnta, paramAgama aura SaTkhaNDAgama Adi nAmoM se jAnA jAtA hai| saMkSepa meM SaTkhaNDAgama kA varNya viSaya isa prakAra hai

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1490 jinavANI- jainAgama-sAhitya vizeSAGka] prathama khaNDa 'jIvaTThANa' hai| isake antargata ATha anuyogadvAra aura nau cUlikAoM meM guNasthAna aura mArgaNAoM kA Azraya lekara jIva kA varNana kiyA gayA hai| dvitIya khaNDa 'khuddAbaMdha' hai| isa kSullaka bandhakhaNDa meM gyAraha prarUpaNAoM dvArA karmabandha karane vAle jIva kA varNana kiyA gayA hai| tIsare khaNDa 'baMdhasvAmitvaviSaya' meM kitanI prakRtiyoM kA kisa jIva ke kahAM taka baMdha hotA hai, kisake nahIM hotA hai, kitanI prakRtiyoM kI kisa guNasthAna meM vyucchitti hotI hai, svodaya aura parodaya bandharUpa prakRtiyAM kitanI-kitanI haiM, ityAdi viSayoM kA varNana hai| caturtha khaNDa 'vedanAkhaNDa' hai| isake antargata kRti aura vedanA anuyoga dvAra haiN| pA~caveM 'vargaNAkhaNDa' meM bandhanIya ke antargata vargaNA adhikAra ke atirikta sparza, karmaprakRti aura bandhana kA pahalA bheda baMdha, ina anuyogadvAroM kA varNana kiyA gayA hai| indranandI ne zrutAvatAra meM kahA hai ki bhUtabalI ne puSpadanta viracita pA~ca khaNDoM ke sUtroM sahita, chaha hajAra sUtra racane ke pazcAt mahAbaMdha nAmaka chaThe khaNDa kI racanA kii| isameM prakRti, pradeza, sthiti aura anubhAga bandha kA vistRta varNana hai| SaTkhaNDAgama TIkAgrantha AgamajJAna ke isa anupama bhaNDAra ke lipibaddha hone para hI AcAryoM kA dhyAna isakI TIkA / bhASya kI ora gyaa| karmaprAbhRta (SaTkhaNDAgama) aura kaSAyaprAbhRta-ina donoM siddhAntoM kA jJAna guru-paramparA se kundakundapura ke padmanandI muni ko prApta huA aura unhoMne sabase pahale SaTkhaNDAgama ke prathama tIna khaNDoM para bAraha hajAra zloka pramANa TIkAgrantha likhA jisakA nAma 'parikarma' thaa| aphasosa, Aja yaha TIkA hameM upalabdha nahIM hai| mahAn tArkika AcArya samantabhadra ne SaTkhaNDAgama ke pA~ca khaNDoM para ar3atAlIsa hajAra zloka pramANa vizAla TIkA kii| yaha atyanta sarala aura mRdula saMskRta meM likhI gaI thii| SaTakhaNDAgama ke prathama pA~ca khaNDoM para aura kaSAyaprAbhRta para zAmakunda dvArA tIsarI TIkA likhI gaI hai| __ tumbulUra nAmaka AcArya kI 'cUr3AmaNi' TIkA isa Agama grantha kI cauthI TIkA hai| bappadeva guru ke dvArA isa grantha kI 'vyAkhyA prajJapti' nAmaka pA~cavI TIkA huii| ye pA~coM TIkAe~ SaTkhaNDAgama ke mUlalekhana ke kAla yAnI vikrama kI dUsarI sadI se vIrasena kI dhavalA TIkA ke racanAkAla IsA kI nauvIM zatAbdI taka kI haiN| padmanandI prathama zatAbdI meM, samantabhadra dUsarI zatAbdI meM, zAmakunda tIsarI zatAbdI meM, tumbulUra cauthI meM aura bappadeva AThavIM zatAbdI IsavI meM hue| AcArya vIrasena kI TIkA (dhavalA) kA kAla IsA kI navama zatAbdI kA prathama caraNa hai|

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SaTakhaNDAgama aura kasAyapAhuDa REETE 491] SaTkhaNDAgama para sabase pahale vizAla TIkA AcArya vIrasena svAmI kI hai| inake ziSya AcArya jinasena ne apane guru ko 'bhaTTAraka', 'vAdivRndAraka muni' aura 'siddhAntopanibandhakartA' kahA hai tathA unakI dhavalA TIkA ko 'bhuvanavyApinI' saMjJA pradAna kI hai| vIrasenAcArya ne citrakUTa para (cittaur3agar3ha) meM apane guru zrI elAcArya ke pAsa rahakara samasta siddhAnta kA adhyayana kiyA aura vahIM TIkA kA lekhana prArambha kiyaa| bAda meM vATagrAma pdhaare| vahAM unheM bappadeva kI TIkA dekhane ko milI, jisake AdhAra para vahIM unhoMne pA~ca khaNDoM para 72 hajAra zloka pramANa prAkRta aura saMskRta mizrita 'dhavalA' TIkA likhii| SaTkhaNDAgama kA chaThA khaNDa mahAbandha svayaM AcArya bhUtabalI dvArA vistAra pUrvaka likhA gayA thaa| isakI prasiddhi "mahAdhavala' nAma se huii| dhavalA TIkA kI samApti kArtika zuklA 13 zaka saMvat 738 tadanusAra dinAMka 8 akTUbara san 816 budhavAra ko prAtaH kAla huii| sambhavata: zukla pakSa meM pUrNa hone ke kAraNa isa TIkA kA nAma dhavalA TIkA rakhA gyaa| vizada aura spaSTa artha meM dhavala zabda kA prayoga hone se bhI yaha dhavalA khlaaii| amoghavarSa ke rAjyakAla meM yaha TIkA racI gii| usakI eka upAdhi 'atizaya dhavala' bhI milatI hai| sambhava hai isI upAdhi ke kAraNa isa TIkA kA nAma dhavalA TIkA rakhA gayA ho| kaSAyaprAbhUta AcArya dharasena ke samakAlIna AcArya guNadhara hue| unhoMne kaSAyaprAbhRta- kasAyapAhuDa kI racanA kii| yativRSabha AcArya ne usa para cUrNisUtra likhe| dhavalA TIkA pUrNa karane ke bAda AcArya vIrasena ne kaSAyaprAbhRta kI TIkA likhanA prArambha kiyaa| 20 hajAra zloka pramANa likhane ke bAda unakA nidhana ho gyaa| taba unake ziSya AcArya jinasena ne cAlIsa hajAra zloka pramANa aura likha kara usa TIkA ko pUrNa kiyaa| kaSAyaprAbhRta sacUrNisUtra kI TIkA kA nAma jayadhavalA hai| sATha hajAra zloka pramANa yaha jayadhavalA TIkA uparyukta donoM AcAryoM dvArA kula milAkara 21 varSoM ke dIrghakAla meM likhI gii| jayadhavalA zaka saMvat 759 meM pUrNa huii| prakAzana SaTkhaNDAgama ke mudraNa kA bhI lambA itihAsa hai| vartamAna meM upalabdha 'dhavalA' ke 16 bhAga 1936 I. se 1956 I. taka 20 varSoM kI avadhi meM chape hai| aba to inake saMzodhita navIna saMskaraNa bhI prakAzita ho cuke haiN| kaSAyaprAbhRta ke 16 khaNDa zrI bhAratavarSIya digambara jaina saMgha, mathurA ne prakAzita kiye haiN| 16 bhAgoM meM kula 6415 pRSThoM meM jayadhavalA TIkA sAnuvAda prakAzita huI hai| isameM mAtra moha kA varNana hai jisameM darzanamoha aura cAritramoha donoM garbhita haiN| zeSa sAta karmoM kI prarUpaNA isameM nahIM hai|

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1492ER jinavANI- jainAgama-sAhitya vizeSAGka | mohanIya kA jitanA sUkSmatama, acintya va maulika varNana isameM hai vaisA anyatra kahIM dekhane ko nahIM miltaa| SaTkhaNDAgama nAmaka mUlagrantha kA chaThA khaNDa mahAbaMdha hai| ise hI mahAdhavala kahate haiN| yaha mUla khaNDa hI 30 hajAra zloka pramANa hai ata: isa para kisI bhI AcArya ko TIkA likhane kI AvazyakatA anubhUta nahIM huii| kisI ne likhI to bhI vaha mUla se bhI choTI hI rhii| bappadeva ne 8005 zlokoM meM mahAbaMdha kI TIkA rcii| yahI SaTakhaNDAgama kA aMtima khaNDa mahAbandha yA mahAdhavala anuvAda sahita sAta bhAgoM meM bhAratIya jJAnapITha se chapa cukA hai| pichale dinoM ina sAta bhAgoM kA punarmudraNa huA hai| ___mahAdhavala TIkA meM sabhI karma-prakRtiyoM ke bandha kA savistAra sAMgopAMga varNana hai| prathama pustaka meM prakRtibandha kA varNana hai| dUsarI aura tIsarI pustaka meM sthiti baMdha varNita hai| caturtha va paMcama pustaka meM anubhAga bandha tathA chaThI-sAtavIM pustaka meM pradeza baMdha kA varNana hai| SaTkhaNDAgama kI prasiddha TIkA 'dhavalA' saMskRta mizrita prAkRta bhASA meM bhagavad vIrasena svAmI dvArA 72000 zloka pramANa likhI gaI hai| vartamAna meM isakA anuvAda hindI meM 7000 pRSThoM meM 16 bhAgoM/ pustakoM meM huA hai| prathama chaha bhAgoM meM SaTkhaNDAgama ke jIvasthAna nAmaka prathama khaNDa kI TIkA hai| prathama pustaka meM guNasthAnoM tathA mArgaNAsthAnoM kA vivaraNa hai| guNasthAna tathA mArgaNAsthAna sampUrNa dhavala, jayadhavala aura mahAdhavala kA hArda hai| dUsarI pustaka meM guNasthAna, jIva-samAsa, paryApti Adi 20 prarUpaNAoM dvArA jIva kI parIkSA kI gaI hai| tIsarI pustaka dravyapramANAnugama hai jisameM yaha batAyA gayA hai ki brahmANDa meM sakala jIva kitane haiN| isameM bhinna-bhinna avasthAoM, gatiyoM Adi meM bhI jIvoM kI saMkhyAe~ gaNita zailI se savistAra tathA sapramANa batAI gaI haiN| cauthI pustaka meM kSetra sparzana kAlAnugama dvArA batAyA gayA hai ki sakala brahmANDa meM jIva nivAsa karate hue, vihAra Adi karate hue kitanA kSetra vartamAna meM tathA atIta meM chUte haiM yA chU pAe haiN| guNasthAnoM tathA mArgaNAoM meM se pratyeka avasthA vAle jIvoM kA Azraya kara yaha prarUpaNa kiyA gayA hai| kAlAnugama meM mithyAdRSTi Adi jIvoM kI kAlAvadhi vistAra se prarUpita kI gaI hai| pA~cavI pustaka antarabhAva alpabahutvAnugama meM batAyA hai ki- 1. vivakSita guNasthAna chor3akara anyatra jAkara puna: usI guNasthAna meM jIva kitane samaya bAda A sakatA hai| 2. karmoM ke upazama, kSaya va kSayopazama se hone vAle jo pariNAma haiM, unheM bhAva kahate haiN| ve bhAva mithyAdRSTi Adi meM tathA narakagati Adi meM kaise hote haiM tathA 3. vibhinna guNasthAnAdika meM jIvoM kI hInAdhika saMkhyA kaisI hai? chaThI pustaka cUlikA svarUpa hai| isameM prakRti samutkIrtana, sthAna samutkIrtana, tIna

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SaTkhaNDAgama aura kasAyapAhuDa 4931 daNDaka, utkRSTa sthiti, jaghanya sthiti, samyaktvotpatti tathA gati-Agati nAmaka nau cUlikAe~ haiN| inameM se prathama do cUlikAoM meM karmoM ke bhedoM aura unake sthAnoM kI prarUpaNA hai| samyagdarzana ke sammukha jIva kina-kina prakRtiyoM ko bAMdhatA hai isake spaSTIkaraNArtha 3 daNDaka svarUpa 3 cUlikAe~ haiN| karmoM kI jaghanya tathA utkRSTa sthiti ko chaThI va sAtavIM cUlikAe~ batAtI haiN| isa prakAra ina sAta calikAoM meM karma kA vistAra se varNana kiyA gayA hai| antima do cUlikAoM meM samyagdarzana kI utpatti tathA jIvoM kI gati-Agati batAI gaI hai| isa prakAra chaThI pustaka meM mukhyata: karmaprakRtiyoM kA varNana hai| sAtavIM pustaka meM SaTkhaNDAgama ke dUsare khaNDa kSudra kabandha kI TIkA hai jisameM saMkSepa meM karmabandha kA pratipAdana kiyA gayA hai| AThavIM pustaka meM SaTkhaNDAgama ke tIsare khaNDa bandhasvAmitva viSaya kI TIkA pUrNa huI hai| kaunasA karmabandha kisa guNasthAna tathA mArgaNA se sambhava hai, yaha isameM varNita hai| isI sandarbha meM nirantarabandhI, sAntarabandhI, dhruvabandhI Adi prakRtiyoM kA khulAsA tathA bandha ke pratyayoM kA khulAsA hai| navama bhAga meM vedanA khaNDa saMbaMdhI kRti anuyogadvAra kI TIkA hai| vahAM Adya 44 sUtroM kI TIkA meM vibhinna jJAnoM kI vizada prarUpaNA kI hai| phira sUtra 45 se anta taka kRti anuyogadvAra kA vibhinna adhikAroM meM prarUpaNa kiyA gayA hai| dasavIM pustaka meM SakhaNDAgama ke vedanA khaNDa viSayaka vedanAnikSepa, nayavibhASaNatA, nAmavidhAna tathA vedanAdravyavidhAna anuyogadvAroM kA savistAra vivecana hai| gyArahavIM pustaka meM vedanA kSetravidhAna tathA vedanA kAlavidhAna kA vibhinna anuyogadvAroM-adhikAroM dvArA varNana karake phira do cUlikAoM dvArA akathita artha kA prarUpaNa tathA prarUpita artha kA viziSTa khulAsA kiyA hai| bArahavIM pustaka meM vedanA bhAvavidhA Adi 10 anuyogadvAroM dvArA guNazreNinirjarA tathA anubhAga se saMbaMdhita sUkSmatama, vistRta tathA anyatra alabhya aisI prarUpaNA kI gaI hai| isa taraha vedanA anuyogadvAra ke 16 adhikAra tIna pustakoM 10-11-12 meM saTIka pUrNa hote haiN| __SakhaNDAgama ke pA~caveM khaNDa kI TIkA (vargaNA khaNDa) terahavIM, caudahavIM pustaka meM huI hai| terahavIM pustaka meM sparza, karma va prakRti anuyogadvAra hai| sparza anuyogadvAra kA 16 avAntara adhikAroM dvArA vivecana karake phira karma anuyogadvAra kA akalpya 16 anuyogadvAroM dvArA varNana karake tatpazcAt antima prakRti anuyogadvAra meM 8 karmoM kA sAMgopAMga varNana hai| caudahavIM pustaka meM bandhana anuyogadvAra dvArA bandha, bandhaka, bandhanIya (jisameM 23 vargaNAoM kA vivecana hai, pA~ca zarIra kI prarUpaNA bhI hai tathA bandha vidhAna kA mAtra nAma nirdeza hai|) dvArA prarUpaNA kI hai| antima do pustakoMpandrahavIM, solahavIM dvArA zabdabrahma, lokavijJa, munivRndAraka, bhagavad

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1494 jinavANI- jainAgama-sAhitya vizeSAGakA vIrasenasvAmI ne satkarmAntargata zeSa 18 anuyogadvAroM (nibandhana, prakrama Adi) kI vistRta vivecanA kI hai| isa taraha 16 pustakoM meM dhavalA TIkA sAnuvAda pUrI hotI hai| dhavalA kI 16 pustakeM, jayadhavalA kI 16 pustakeM aura mahAdhavala kI 7 pustakeMkula milAkara 39 pustakeM tathA inake kula pRSTha 16341 prAmANika jinAgama haiN| kevalI kI vANI dvArA nibaddha dvAdazAMga se inakA sIdhA saMbaMdha hone se SaTkhaNDAgama atyanta prAmANika grantharAja hai, yaha nirvivAda siddha hai| ___ (srota-prastuta saMkSipta paricaya zrI nIraja jaina kI pustaka 'SaTkhaNDAgama kI avataraNa kathA' tathA paM. javAharalAla zAstrI kI pustaka 'dhavala jayadhavalasAra' se saMkalita kiyA gayA hai|) ___ -sahaAcArya, hindI-vibhAga, jayanArAyaNa vyAsa vizvavidyAlaya, jodhapura

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mUlAcAra : eka paricaya DaoN. phUlacanda jaina 'premI' 'mUlAcAra' digambara paramparA kA AcAra-grantha hai| DaoN. sAgaramalajI ne ise vibhinna AdhAroM para yApanIya sampradAya kA grantha siddha kiyA hai| (draSTavya-- DaoN. sAgaramala jaina abhinandana grantha kA AgamakhaNDa ) / sampUrNAnanda saMskRta vizvavidyAlaya, vArANasI meM jainadarzana vibhAga ke adhyakSa DaoN. phUlacandra jI jaina 'premI' ne mulAcAra para zodhakArya kiyA hai, unhoMne isa grantha kA bhASAvacanikA ke sAtha saMpAdana bhI kiyA hai| prastuta Alekha unake sampAdita grantha sampAdakIya meM se saMkalita hai| -sampAdaka mUlAcAra zramaNAcAra viSayaka eka prAcIna aura anupama kRti hai / zaurasenI prAkRta bhASA meM racita isa bahumUlya grantha ke yazasvI racayitA AcArya vaTTakera haiN| digambara jaina paramparA meM AcArAMga ke rUpa meM prasiddha yaha zramaNAcAra viSayaka maulika, svatantra, prAmANika evaM prAcIna grantha 2-3 zatI ke AsapAsa kI racanA hai / yadyapi anya kucha pramukha AcAryoM kI taraha AcArya vaTTakera ke viSaya meM bhI vizeSa jAnakArI upalabdha nahIM hai, kintu unakI anamola kRti "mUlAcAra" ke adhyayana se hI AcArya vaTTakera kA bahuzruta sampanna vyaktitva, utkRSTa cAritradhArI AcAryavarya ke rUpa meM hamAre samakSa upasthita hotA hai| dakSiNa bhArata meM beTTakerI sthAna ke nivAsI vaTTakera digambara paramparA meM mUlasaMgha ke pramukha AcArya the| inhoMne munidharmI pratiSThita paramparA ko dIrghakAla taka yazasvI aura utkRSTa rUpa meM calate rahane aura muni dIkSA dhAraNa ke mUla uddezya kI prApti hetu mUlAcAra grantha kI racanA kI, jisameM zramaNanirgranthoM kI AcAra saMhitA kA suvyavasthita, vistRta evaM sAMgopAMga vivecana kiyA hai| viSaya paricaya mUlAcAra meM bAraha adhikAra haiM / pratyeka adhikAra ke pratipAdya viSayoM kA saMkSipta paricaya prastuta hai / 1. mUlaguNAdhikAra- isameM chattIsa gAthAe~ haiM / sarvaprathama maMgalAcaraNa pUrvaka viSaya pratipAdana kI ghoSaNA kI gaI hai tathA zramaNoM ke aTThAIsa mUlaguNoM kA kathana kiyA gayA hai / tadanantara pA~ca mahAvrata, pA~ca samiti, paMcendriya nirodha, SaDAvazyaka, loca, acelakatva, asnAna, kSitizayana, adantadhAvana, sthitabhojana aura ekabhakta - ina aTThAIsa mUlaguNoM kI sArabhUta paribhASAe~ prastuta kI gaI haiM / acelakatva mUlaguNa ke antargata zarIra Dhakane ke lie vastra, ajina (camar3A), valkala, tRNa, patte, AbhUSaNa Adi ke dhAraNa kA niSedha karake nirgrantha (nagna) veza dhAraNa karane ko acelakatva kahA hai| mUlaguNoM ke pAlana se milane vAle mokSaphala ke kathana ke bAda adhikAra kI samApti kI gayI hai| kA AcAra-grantha hai|

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1496 jinavANI- jainAgama-sAhitya vizeSAGaka 2. bRhatpratyAkhyAna-saMstarastava adhikAra- isameM zramaNa ko sabhI pApoM kA tyAgakara mRtyu ke samaya darzana Adi cAra ArAdhanAoM meM sthira rahane, kSudhAtUMSA Adi parISahoM ko samatAbhAva se sahane tathA niSkaSAya hokara prANa tyAga karane kA upadeza hai| pratyAkhyAna vidhi batAte hue pratyAkhyAna karane vAle ke mukha se kahalAtA gayA hai ki jo kucha merI pApakriyA hai usa sabakA mana, vacana, kAya se tyAga karatA hU~ aura samatAbhAva rUpa nirvikalpa evaM nirdoSa sAmAyika karatA huuN| saba tRSNAoM ko chor3akara maiM samAdhibhAva aMgIkAra karatA huuN| saba jIvoM ke prati merA kSamAbhAva hai tathA jIva mere Upara kSamAbhAva kreN| merA saba prANiyoM para maitrI bhAva hai, kisI se bhI merA vaira nahIM hai| isake atirikta cAra saMjJAoM, taiMtIsa AzAtanAoM, zramaNa kI manobhAvanAoM ke varNana ke sAtha-sAtha maraNa ke bheda yathA maraNa-samaya NamokAra maMtra ke cintana Adi karane kA bhI pratipAdana kiyA gayA hai| 3. saMkSepapratyAkhyAnAdhikAra- isa adhikAra meM vyAghrAdi-janya Akasmika mRtyu ke upasthita hone para pAMca pApoM ke tyAgapUrvaka sAmAyika samAdhi dhAraNa karake sarvaAhAra, kaSAya aura mamatva bhAva ke tyAgapUrvaka zarIra tyAga kI preraNA dI hai| pratyAkhyAna, ArAdhanAphala, paMDitamaraNa, samAdhimaraNa tathA janma evaM mRtyu kA bhaya Adi viSayoM kA varNana karake anta meM dasa prakAra ke muNDoM ke ullekhapUrvaka adhikAra kI samApti kI gayI hai| 4. samAcArAdhikAra- isameM vividha samAcAra kA acchA vivecana hai| samAcAra zabda ke cAra artha batAye haiM- rAgadveSa se rahita samatA kA bhAva, aticArarahita mUlaguNoM kA anuSThAna, samasta zramaNoM kA samAna tathA hiMsA rahita AcaraNa evaM sabhI kSetroM meM hAni-lAbha rahita kAyotsargAdi ke pariNAma rUpa aacrnn| ucca jJAna-prApti ke nimitta ziSya-zramaNa ko apane gaNa se dUsare gaNa evaM usake AcArya ke pAsa kisa vidhi se jAnA cAhiye isakA acchA varNana karake ekAkI evaM svacchanda vihAra kI sambhAvya hAniyoM kA kathana tathA niSedha kiyA hai| AcArya, upAdhyAya, pravartaka, sthavira aura gaNadhara ye pAMca 'AdhAra jahAM na hoM vahAM rahanA ucita nahIM hai| isI prasaMga meM AcArya ke guNoM kA bhI kathana kiyA hai| isa adhikAra kA mahattvapUrNa aMza paragaNa se svagaNa meM Agantuka zramaNoM kA kisa prakAra svAgata, unakI parIkSA tathA unakA sahayoga kiyA jAtA hai ina sabakA bahuta hI spaSTa aura sundara citraNa hai| AryikAoM kA saMkSipta AcAra, zramaNa aura AryikAoM ke pArasparika saMbaMdhoM tathA AryikA ko dIkSA, upadeza karane vAle aneka guNa-dharmoM se yukta gaNadhara evaM unakI vizeSatAoM kA varNana hai| AryikAoM ke samAcAra ke antargata eka dUsare ke anukUla rahane, abhirakSaNa kA bhAva rakhane, lajjA evaM maryAdA kA .. pAlana karane tathA mAyA, roSa evaM vaira jaise bhAvoM se mukta rahane kA vidhAna

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mUlAcAra : eka paricaya kiyA gayA hai| 5. paMcAcArAdhikAra- isameM darzana, jJAna, cAritra tapa aura vIrya- ina paMcAcAroM kA bheda-prabhedoM dvArA vistRta pratipAdana kiyA gayA hai| darzanAcAra ke antargata jIva, ajIva, puNya, pApa, Asrava, baMdha, saMvara, nirjarA aura mokSa ina nava padArthoM kA varNana hai| ina nava padArthoM meM jIva tattva ke saMsArI aura mukta ye do-do bheda kiye gaye haiN| ina saMsArI jIva ke pRthvIkAyika. apkAyika, agnikAyika, vAyukAyika, vanaspatikAyika tathA trasa ina chaha bhedoM kA bhedopabheda pUrvaka vistRta pratipAdana hai| rAtribhojana tyAga, pAMca samiti, tIna gupti, tapa, dhyAna, svAdhyAya Adi viSayoM kA vistRta svarUpa kathana tathA inakA pAlana karane se hone vAle lAbhoM kA bhI vivecana. hai| prasaMgavaza gaNadhara, pratyekabuddha, zrutakevalI athavA abhinnadazapUrvI dvArA kathita granthoM ko sUtra kahA hai| saMgraha, ArAdhanA niyukti, maraNavibhakti, stuti, pratyAkhyAna, Avazyaka aura dharmakathA Adi jaina sUtra granthoM tathA Rgveda, sAmaveda Adi veda zAstroM, kauTilya, AsurakSa, mahAbhArata, rAmAyaNa Adi granthoM evaM raktapaTa, caraka, tApasa, parivrAjaka Adi ke nAmoM kA ullekha milatA hai| 6. piNDazuddhi adhikAra- isameM terAsI gAthAe~ haiN| zramaNoM ke piNDaiSaNA (AhAra) se saMbaMdhita sabhI niyamoM kI vizada mImAMsA kI gayI hai| udgama, utpAdana, eSaNA, saMyojana, pramANa, iMgAla, dhUma aura kAraNa ina ATha doSoM se rahita AhAra zuddhi kA, AhAra tyAga ke kAraNa, AhAra grahaNa ke uddezya, dAtA ke guNa, caudaha mala, AhAra grahaNa kI vidhi aura mAtrA tathA AhAra ke antarAya Adi AhAra caryA se saMbaMdhita sabhI viSayoM kA vistRta vivecana hai| 7. SaDAvazyaka-adhikAra- isa adhikAra ko Avazyakaniyukti nAma se abhihita kiyA gayA hai tathA isakA prArambha paMca namaskAra kI niruktipUrvaka huA hai| arhanta, jina, AcArya, sAdhu, uttama Adi zabdoM kI bhI nirukti pUrvaka vyAkhyA kI gaI hai| arhanta, pada kI nirukti mahattvapUrNa hai| sAmAyika, stava, vaMdana, pratikramaNa, pratyAkhyAna aura kAyotsarga ina chaha AvazyakoM kA nirukti evaM bhedapUrvaka vistRta vivecana hai| loka, dharma, tIrtha, bhakti, vinaya, kRtikarma, avanati, caturvidha AhAra aura AlocanA-ina saba viSayoM kA svarUpa tathA bhedapUrvaka kathana, svAdhyAya kAla, vandanAdi kAyotsarga meM vardhya battIsa doSa, AsikA, niSIdhikA kA vidhAna tathA pArzvasthAdi pApazramaNoM Adi kA vivecana kiyA gayA hai| isa adhikAra kI ye vizeSatAyeM haiM ki isameM sAmAyika saMyama aura chedopasthApanA saMyama ke viSaya meM una matoM kA ullekha kiyA gayA hai jinakA saMbaMdha prathama tIrthaMkara RSabhadeva evaM antima tIrthakara mahAvIra tathA madhyavartI bAIsa tIrthaMkaroM ke paramparA-bheda se hai| nitya pratikramaNa aura naimittika pratikramaNa ke saMbaMdha meM bhI isI taraha ke matoM kA ullekha hai|

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| 498 jinavANI- jainAgama-sAhitya vizeSAGaka 8. dvAdazAnuprekSAdhikAra - anitya, azaraNa, saMsAra, ekatva, anyatva, azuci, Asrava, saMvara, nirjarA, loka, bodhidurlabha aura dharmasvAkhyAta- ina bAraha anuprekSAoM (bhAvanAoM) kA vairAgyavarddhaka sUkSma vivecana hai| isameM batAyA hai- rAga, dveSa, krodhAdi Asrava haiM, jinameM karmoM kA Agamana hotA hai| ye kumArgoM para le jAne vAlI ati balavAna zaktiyAM haiN| zAMti, dayA, kSamA, vairAgya Adi jaise-jaise bar3hate haiM, jIva vaise-vaise mokSa ke nikaTa bar3hatA jAtA hai| cAra prakAra ke saMsAra kA svarUpa tathA anta meM anuprekSAoM kI bhAvanA se karmakSaya aura pariNAmazuddhi kA vivecana hai| 9. anagArabhAvanAdhikAra - isa adhikAra meM anagAra kA svarUpa tathA liMga, vrata, vasati, vihAra, bhikSA, jJAna, zarIrasaMskAratyAga, vAkya, tapa aura dhyAna ina dasa zuddhiyoM ko anagAra ke sUtra batAye haiM / anagAra tathA unake sattvaguNoM, anagAra ke paryAyavAcI nAmoM kA ullekha kiyA gayA hai| vAkyazuddhi ke prasaMga meM strI, artha, bhakta, kheTa, karvaTa, rAja, cora, janapada, nagara aura Akara ina kathAoM kA svarUpa tathA rUpaka dvArA prANi saMyama aura - indriyasaMyama rUpI ArakSakoM dvArA taparUpI nagara tathA dhyAnarUpI ratha ke rakSaNa kI bAta kahI gayI hai / yathArtha anagAroM kA vivecana tathA abhrAvakAza Adi yogoM kA svarUpa kathana bhI kiyA gayA hai 1 10 samayasArAdhikAra- isa adhikAra meM eka sau caubIsa gAthAe~ haiN| isameM vairAgya kI samayasAratA, cAritrAcaraNa Adi kA kathana karate hue zramaNa ko laukika vyavahAra se dUra rahane ko kahA hai| cAritrasaMyama aura tapa se rahita jJAnAdi kI nirarthakatA aura pratilekhana tathA isake sAdhanabhUta picchikA kI vizeSatAe~ Adi isa adhikAra meM prArambhika pratipAdya viSaya haiN| AryikAo ke AvAsa para zramaNoM ke gamana tathA svAdhyAya Adi kArya karane kA niSedha kiyA gayA hai| paMcendriya viSayoM evaM kASThAdi meM citrita striyoM taka se dUra rahane ke kathana prasaMga meM hI abrahma ke dasa kAraNa tathA paMcasUnA Adi vividha viSayoM kA acchA vivecana hai| isI adhikAra meM Acelakya, auddezika zayyAgRhatyAga, rAjapiNDatyAga, kRtikarma, vrata, jyeSTha, pratikramaNa mAsasthitikalpa evaM paryAsthitikalpa- ina dasa sthitikalpoM kA nAmollekha hai / adhikAra ke anta meM zAstra ke sAra kA pratipAdana karate hue cAritra ke sarvazreSTha kahA hai / 11. zIlaguNAdhikAra- isameM mAtra chabbIsa gAthAyeM haiN| isa adhikAra meM tIna yoga, tIna karaNa, cAra saMjJA, pAMca indriya, dasa kAma, dasa zramaNadharma inhI sabakA paraspara guNA karane para zIla ke aThAraha hajAra bhedoM kA kathana kiya gayA hai / isI adhikAra meM guNoM arthAt uttara guNoM ke bheda-prabhedoM kI caurAsa lAkha saMkhyA kA kathana kiyA hai|

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mUlAcAra : eka paricaya mA 12.paryApyadhikAra- isameM paryApti, deha, saMsthAna, kAyaindriya, yoni, Ayu, pramANa, yoga, veda, lezyA, pravicAra, upapAda, udvartana, sthAna, kula, alpabahutva aura prakRti, sthiti, anubhAga tathA pradezabaMdha ityAdi viSayaka sUtrapadoM dvArA ina viSayoM kA vistRta vivecana kiyA gayA hai| isI adhikAra meM vivecita gati-Agati kA kathana 'sArasamaya' nAmaka grantha meM svayaM ke dvArA kahane kA ullekha kiyA hai| para yaha grantha Aja anupalabdha hai| vRttikAra ne isakI pahacAna vyAkhyAprajJapti se kI hai| jisa viSaya ke kathana kA ullekha mUlAcAra meM hai vaha viSaya zvetAmbara paramparA meM upalabdha vyAkhyAprajJapti meM nahIM hai| isase lagatA hai ki usa samaya digambara paramparA meM vaTTekara kA 'sArasamaya' grantha avazya upalabdha rahA hogaa| isake pramANa rUpa dhavalA TIkA meM bhI isakA ullekha milatA hai| SaTkhaNDAgama ke jIvaTThANa nAmaka prathama khaNDa kI gatiAgati nAma kI navamI cUlikA vyAkhyAprajJapti se nikalI hai| ina saba ullekhoM ke atirikta guNasthAna, jIvasamAsa, mArgaNA, svarga, naraka, manuSya, tiryaca gatiyoM tathA inake jIvoM Adi kA vistRta vivecana isa adhikAra meM kiyA gayA hai| graMthakAra ne isa adhikAra kA nAma 'paryApti saMgrahiNI' kahA hai| mUlAcAra para upalabdha vyAkhyA sAhitya mUlAcAra zramaNAcAra viSayaka eka prAcIna evaM prAmANika zreSTha grantha hai| digambara paramparA ke tadviSayaka prAyaH sabhI paravartI grantha isase prabhAvita athavA isake AdhAra para likhe gaye dRSTigocara hote haiN| mUlAcAra para aneka TIkAe~ to likhI hI gaI, sAtha hI isako mUla AdhAra banAkara jina granthoM kI svataMtra racanA huI unameM anagAra dharmAmRta, AcArasAra, cAritrasAra, mUlAcAra pradIpa Adi grantha pramukha haiM, jina para mUlAcAra kA spaSTa prabhAva hai| AcArya vasunandi siddhAntacakravartI kI mUlAcAra para 'AcAravRtti' nAmaka sarvArthasiddhi TIkA saMskRta bhASA meM likhI gaI upalabdha hai| AcArya vasunandi kA dUsarA mahattvapUrNa prAkRta grantha vasunandi zrAvakAcAra suprasiddha hI hai| vastuta: mUlAcAra viSaya ko hRdayaMgama karane vAloM meM inakA agraNI sthAna hai| inakI AcAravRtti itanI prasiddha aura sarala hai ki sAmAnya jana bhI isakA sugamatA se adhyayana kara lete haiN| gUr3ha viSaya ko spaSTa kara calanA aura apanI sahaja evaM sarala bhASA meM granthakAra ke bhAvoM ko prakaTa kara denA yaha vasunandi kI mukhya vizeSatA hai| ____ mUlAcAra ke eka aura vyAkhyAtA sakalakIrti haiN| inhoMne isake AdhAra para 'mUlAcAra-pradIpa' nAmaka saMskRta bhASA meM vistRta graMtha likhaa| inakA samaya vikrama ko 15vIM zatI mAnA jAtA hai| AcArya sakalakIrti ne bhI mUlAcArapradIpa meM prAya: una sabhI viSayoM

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1500 ra jinavANI- jainAgama-sAhitya vizeSAGka kA vistRta varNana kiyA hai, jinakA pratipAdana AcArya vaTTakera ne apane mUlAcAra meM kiyaa| mUlAcAra ke tIsare vyAkhyAkAra AcArya meghacandra haiN| inhoMne isa para karnATaka 'mUlAcArasadvRtti' kI racanA kii| caturtha karnATaka TIkA "munijana cintAmaNi' nAma se milatI hai, isameM mUlAcAra ko kundakundAcArya kI racanA batAyA hai| eziyATika sosAyaTI oNpha baMgAla kI 'lisTa oNpha jainA ema.esa.esa.' (grantha kramAMka 1521) ko dekhane se jJAta hotA hai ki medhAvI kavi dvArA racita bhI eka anya 'mUlAcAra TIkA' hai| vaise 16vIM zatI ke medhAvI kavi dvArA likhita dharmasaMgrahazrAvakAcAra prasiddha hI hai inhIM kavi kA ukta TIkAgrantha bhI saMbhava hai| uparyukta TIkAoM ke atirikta vIranandi ne mUlAcAra ke AdhAra para 'AcArasAra' grantha kI racanA kI hai| paM. AzAdhara ne 'anagAradharmAmRta nAmaka grantha kI racanA meM isI kA AdhAra liyA hai| paM. nandalAla chAbar3A eva paM. RSabhadAsa nigotyA viracita bhASAvacanikA bhI mUlAcAra kI vyAkhyA me mahattvapUrNa yogadAna rakhatI hai| --adhyakSa, jainadarzanavibhAga sampUrNAnanda saMskRta vividyAlaya, vArANasI (u.pra.

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bhagavatI ArAdhanA paM. kailAzacandra zAstrI aparAjitasUri kI racanA 'bhagavatI ArAdhanA' digambara sampradAya kA mAnya grantha hai / DaoN. sAgaramala jI jaina ne ise 'jaina dharma kA yApanIya sampradAya' pustaka meM jainoM ke lupta sampradAya 'yApanIya' kA grantha siddha kiyA hai| isa grantha kA mUlataH nAma 'ArAdhanA' hai, bhagavatI to vizeSaNa hai, kintu 'ArAdhanA' nAma se aneka kRtiyoM se isakA vaiziSTya batAne ke lie 'bhagavatI' vizeSaNa grantha ke nAma kA hI bhAga bana gyaa| isa grantha meM paNDitamaraNa kI prApti hetu kI jAne vAlI ArAdhanA kA sundara nirUpaNa huA hai| isakA paricaya jaina saMskRti saMrakSaka saMgha, zolApura se 1978 meM prakAzita 'bhagavatI ArAdhanA' kI prastAvanA se cayana kara saMgRhIta kiyA gayA hai| -sampAdaka prastuta grantha kA nAma ArAdhanA hai aura usake prati parama AdarabhAva vyakta karane ke lie usI taraha bhagavatI vizeSaNa lagAyA gayA hai jaise tIrthaMkaroM aura mahAn AcAryoM ke nAmoM ke sAtha bhagavAna vizeSaNa lagAyA jAtA hai / grantha ke aMta meM granthakAra ne 'ArAhaNA bhagavadI' (gAthA 2162) likhakara ArAdhanA ke prati apanA mahat pUjyabhAva vyakta karate hue usakA nAma bhI diyA hai| phalata: yaha grantha bhagavatI ArAdhanA ke nAma se hI sarvatra prasiddha hai / kintu yathArtha meM isakA nAma ArAdhanA mAtra hai| isake TIkAkAra zrI aparAjita sUri ne apanI TIkA ke anta meM isakA nAma ArAdhanA TIkA hI diyA hai| jaisA ki isa grantha ke nAma se prakaTa hai, isa grantha meM ArAdhanA kA varNana hai / grantha kI prathama gAthA meM granthakAra ne cAra prakAra kI ArAdhanA ke phala ko prApta siddhoM aura arhantoM ko namaskAra karake ArAdhanA kA kathana karane kI pratijJA kI hai aura dUsarI gAthA meM samyagdarzana, samyagjJAna, samyak cAritra aura tapa ke udyotana, udyavana, nirvahana, sAdhana aura nistaraNa ko ArAdhanA kahA hai| TIkAkAra ne apanI TIkA meM inako spaSTa kiyA hai| tIsarI gAthA meM saMkSepa se ArAdhanA ke do bheda kahe haiM- prathama samyaktvArAdhanA aura dUsarI cAritrArAdhanA / caturtha gAthA meM kahA hai ki darzana kI ArAdhanA karane para jJAna kI ArAdhanA niyama se hotI hai| kintu jJAna kI ArAdhanA karane para darzana kI ArAdhanA bhajanIya hai, vaha hotI bhI hai aura nahIM bhI hotI, kyoMki samyagdarzana ke hone para samyagjJAna niyama se hotA hai, parantu jJAna ke hone para samyagdarzana ke hone kA niyama nahIM hai| gAthA 6 meM kahA hai ki saMyama kI ArAdhanA karane para tapa kI ArAdhanA niyama se hotI hai, kintu tapa kI ArAdhanA meM cAritra kI ArAdhanA bhajanIya hai, kyoMki samyagdRSTi bhI yadi avirata hai to usakA tapa hAthI ke snAna kI taraha vyartha hai| ataH samyaktva ke sAtha saMyamapUrvaka hI tapazcaraNa

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1502 jinavANI-jamAgama-sAhitya vizeSAGaka karanA kAryakArI hotA hai, isaliye cAritra kI ArAdhanA meM sabakI ArAdhanA hotI hai arthAt samyagdarzana samyagjJAna pUrvaka hI samyak cAritra hotA hai| isaliye samyak cAritra kI ArAdhanA meM sabakI ArAdhanA garbhita hai| isI se Agama meM ArAdhanA ko cAritra kA phala kahA hai aura ArAdhanA paramAgama kA sAra hai||14|| kyoMki bahuta samaya taka bhI jJAna darzana aura cAritra kA niraticAra pAlana karake bhI yadi marate samaya unakI virAdhanA kara dI jAye to usakA phala anaMta saMsAra hai||16|| isake viparIta anAdi mithyAdaSTi bhI cAritra kI ArAdhanA karake kSaNamAtra meM mukta ho jAte haiN| ata: ArAdhanA hI sArabhUta hai||17|| - isa para se yaha prazna kiyA gayA ki yadi marate samaya kI ArAdhanA ko pravacana meM sArabhUta kahA hai to marane se pUrva jIvana meM cAritra kI ArAdhanA kyoM karanI caahie||18|| uttara meM kahA hai ki ArAdhanA ke lie pUrva meM abhyAsa karanA yogya hai| jo usakA pUrvAbhyAsI hotA hai usakI ArAdhanA sukhapUrvaka hotI hai||19|| yadi koI pUrva meM abhyAsa na karake bhI marate samaya ArAdhaka hotA hai to use sarvatra pramANarUpa nahIM mAnA jA sktaa||24|| isa kathana se hamAre isa kathana kA samAdhAna ho jAtA hai ki darzana, jJAna, cAritra aura tapa kA varNana jinAgama meM anyatra bhI hai, kintu vahA~ unheM ArAdhanA zabda se nahIM kahA hai| isa grantha meM mukhyarUpa se maraNasamAdhi kA kathana hai| marate samaya kI ArAdhanA hI yathArtha ArAdhanA hai| usI ke lie jIvanabhara kI ArAdhanA kI jAtI hai| usa samaya virAdhanA karane para jIvana bhara kI ArAdhanA niSphala ho jAtI hai aura usa samaya kI ArAdhanA se jIvanabhara kI ArAdhanA saphala ho jAtI hai| ata: jo marate samaya ArAdhaka hotA hai yathArtha meM usI ke samyagdarzana, samyagjJAna, samyak cAritra aura samyaktapa kI sAdhanA ko ArAdhanA zabda se kahA jAtA hai| isa prakAra caubIsa gAthAoM ke dvArA ArAdhanA ke bhedoM kA kathana karane ke pazcAt isa vizAlakAya grantha kA mukhya varNya viSaya maraNasamAdhi prArambha hotA hai| isako prArambha karate hue granthakAra kahate haiM ki yadyapi jinAgama meM sataraha prakAra ke maraNa kahe haiM kintu hama yahA~ saMkSepa se pA~ca prakAra ke maraNoM kA kathana kreNge||25 / / ve haiM-paNDita-paNDitamaraNa, paNDitamaraNa bAlapaNDitamaraNa, bAlamaraNa aura bAla baalmrnn||26|| kSINakaSAya aura kevalI kA maraNa paNDita-paNDitamaraNa hai aura viratAvirata zrAvaka kA maraNa bAlapaNDitamaraNa hai||27 / / avirata samyagdRSTi kA maraNa bAlamaraNa hai aura mithyAdRSTi kA maraNa bAla-bAlamaraNa hai||29||| __paNDitamaraNa ke tIna bheda haiM- bhaktapratijJA, prAyopagamana aura iNginiimrnn| yaha maraNa zAstrAnusAra AcaraNa karane vAle sAdhu ke hota

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bhagavatI ArAdhanA hai / / 29 / / hai / isake anantara granthakAra ne samyaktva kI ArAdhanA kA kathana kiyA 503 samyaktvArAdhanA-gAthA 43 meM samyaktva ke pA~ca aticAra kahe haizaMkA, kAMkSA, vicikitsA, anyadRSTi prazaMsA aura anAyatana sevA~ tattvArthasUtra meM anAyatana sevA ke sthAna meM 'saMstava' nAmaka aticAra kahA hai| TIkAkAra aparAjitasUri ne apanI TIkA meM aticAroM ko spaSTa karate hue zaMkA aticAra aura saMzayamithyAtva ke bheda ko spaSTa karate hue kahA hai ki zaMkA to ajJAna ke kAraNa hotI hai usake mUla meM azraddhAna nahIM hai / kintu saMzayamithyAtva ke mUla meM to azraddhAna hai| isI prakAra mithyAtva sevana aticAra nahIM hai, anAcAra hai, mithyAdRSTiyoM kI sevA aticAra hai| dravyalobhAdi kI apekSA karake mithyAcAritra vAloM kI sevA bhI aticAra hai| gAthA 44 meM upagUhana, sthirIkaraNa, vAtsalya aura prabhAvanA ko samyagdarzana kA guNa kahA hai| gAthA 45-46 meM darzanavinaya kA varNana karate hue arahanta, siddha, jinabimba, zruta, dharma, sAdhuvarga, AcArya, upAdhyAya, pravacana aura darzana meM bhakti, pUjA, varNajanana tathA avarNavAda kA vinAza aura AsAdanA ko dUra karanA, inheM darzana vinaya kahA hai| TIkAkAra ne ina sabako spaSTa kiyA hai| inameM 'varNajanana' zabda kA prayoga digambara sAhitya meM nahIM pAyA jaataa| varNajanana kA artha hai mahattA pradarzita karanA / TIkAkAra ne isakA kathana vistAra se kiyA hai| gAthA 55 meM mithyAtva ke tIna bheda kahe haiM, saMzaya, abhigRhIta, anabhigRhIta / isa prakAra samyagdarzana ArAdhanA kA kathana karane ke pazcAt gAthA 63 meM kahA hai ki prazastamaraNa ke tIna bhedoM meM se prathama bhaktapratijJA kA kathana kareMge kyoMki isa kAla meM usI kA pracalana hai| isI kA kathana isa grantha meM mukhya rUpa se hai, zeSa do kA kathana to grantha ke anta meM saMkSepa se kiyA hai| bhaktapratyAkhyAna - gAthA 64 meM bhaktapratyAkhyAna ke do bheda kiye haiMsavicAra aura avicAra / yadi maraNa sahasA upasthita ho to avicAra bhaktapratyAkhyAna hotA hai anyathA savicAra bhaktapratyAkhyAna hotA hai| savicAra bhaktapratyAkhyAna ke kathana ke lie cAra gAthAoM se 40 pada kahe haiM aura unakA krama se kathana kiyA hai| una 40 padoM meM se sabase prathama pada 'ahaM' kA kathana karate hue kahA

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1504 jinavANI- jainAgama-sAhitya vizeSAGaka | jisako koI asAdhya roga ho, munidharma ko hAni pahu~cAne vAlI vRddhAvasthA ho, yA devakRta, manuSyakRta, tiryaMcakRta upasarga ho, athavA cAritra kA vinAza karane vAle zatru yA mitra hoM, durbhikSa ho, yA bhayAnaka vana meM bhaTaka gayA ho. yA A~kha se kama dikhAI detA ho, kAna se kama sunAI detA ho, pairoM meM calane-phirane kI zakti na rahI ho, isa prakAra ke aparihArya kAraNa upasthita hone para virata athavA avirata bhaktapratyAkhyAna ke yogya hotA hai||70-73|| - jisakA munidharma cirakAla taka nirdoza rUpa se pAlita ho sakatA hai, athavA samAdhimaraNa karane vAle niryApaka sulabha haiM yA durbhikSa kA bhaya nahIM hai, vaha sAmane bhaya ke na rahane para bhakta pratyAkhyAna ke yogya nahIM hai| yadi aisI avasthA meM bhI koI maranA cAhatA hai to vaha munidharma se virakta ho gayA hai, aisA mAnanA caahie||74-75 / / isake anantara acelatA, kezaloca, nirmamatva Adi autsargika liMga kA kathana evaM usake lAbha batAye haiN| vijayodayA meM ina sabakA varNana kiyA hai jo anyatra nahIM miltaa| isa prakAra vicAra kara yadi usakI Ayu alpa rahatI hai to vaha apanI zakti ko na chipA kara bhakta pratyAkhyAna kA nizcaya karatA hai||158|| tathA saMyama ke sAdhanamAtra parigraha rakhakara zeSa kA tyAga kara detA hai||164|| tathA pA~ca prakAra kI saMkleza bhAvanA nahIM krtaa| ina pA~coM bhAvanAoM kA svarUpa graMthakAra ne svayaM kahA hai||182-186 / / __ Age sallekhanA ke do bheda kahe haiM bAhya aura aabhyntr| zarIra ko kRza karanA bAhya sallekhanA hai aura kaSAyoM kA kRza karanA Abhyantara sallekhanA hai| bAhya sallekhanA ke lie chaha prakAra ke bAhya tapa kA kathana kiyA hai| viviktazayyAsana tapa kA kathana karate hue gAthA 232 meM udgama, utpAdana Adi doSoM se rahita vasatikA meM nivAsa kahA hai| TIkAkAra ne apanI TIkA meM ina doSoM kA kathana kiyA hai| ye sarvadoSa mUlAcAra meM bhI kahe haiN| Age bAhya tapa ke lAbha batalAye haiN| gAthA 251 meM vividha bhikSu pratimAoM kA nirdeza hai| TIkAkAra aparAjitasUri ne to unakA kathana nahIM kiyA, kintu AzAdhara jI ne kiyA hai| unakI saMkhyA bAraha kahI hai| mUlAcAra meM inakA kathana nahIM hai| ___ isa bhakta pratyAkhyAna kA utkRSTa kAla bAraha varSa kA hai| cAra varSa tapa aneka prakAra ke kAyakleza karatA hai| phira dUdha Adi rasoM ko tyAgakara cAra varSa bitAtA hai| phira AcAmla aura nirvikRti kA sevana karate hue do varSa bitAtA hai, eka varSa kevala AcAmla sevana karake bitAtA hai| zeSa rahe eka varSa meM se chaha mAsa madhyama tapapUrvaka aura zeSa chaha mAsa utkRSTa tapapUrvaka bitAtA hai| (254-256)

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bhagavatI ArAdhanA 505] isa prakAra zarIra kI sallekhanA karate hue vaha pariNAmoM kI vizuddhi kI ora sAvadhAna rahatA hai| eka kSaNa ke lie bhI usa ora se udAsIna nahIM hotaa| isa prakAra se sallekhanA karane vAle yA to AcArya hote haiM yA sAmAnya sAdhu hote haiN| yadi AcArya hote haiM to ve zubhamuharta meM saba saMgha ko balAkara yogya ziSya para usakA bhAra sauMpakara sabase kSamAyAcanA karate haiM aura naye AcArya ko zikSA dete haiN| usake pazcAt saMgha ko zikSA dete haiN| yathA-- he sAdhuoM! Apako viSa aura Aga ke tulya AryAoM kA saMsarga chor3anA cAhiye / AryA ke sAtha rahanevAlA sAdhu zIghra hI apayaza kA bhAgI hotA hai||332 / / mahAn saMyamI bhI durjanoM ke dvArA kiye gaye doSa se anartha kA bhAgI hotA hai ata: durjanoM kI saMgati se bco||350|| sajjanoM kI saMgati se durjana bhI apanA doSa chor3a dete haiM, jaisesumeru parvata kA Azraya lene para kauvA apanI asundara chavi ko chor3a detA hai||352 / / jaise gandharahita phUla bhI devatA ke saMsarga se usake AzIrvAdarUpa sira para dhAraNa kiyA jAtA hai usI prakAra sujanoM ke madhya meM rahane vAlA durjana bhI pUjita hotA hai||353 / / ___guru ke dvArA hRdaya ko apriya lagane vAle vacana bhI kahe jAne para pathyarUpa se hI grahaNa karanA caahie| jaise bacce ko jabaradastI mu~ha khola pilAyA gayA ghI hitakArI hotA hai||360 / / apanI prazaMsA svayaM nahIM karanI caahie| jo apanI prazaMsA karatA hai vaha sajjanoM ke madhya meM tRNa kI taraha laghu hotA hai||361 / / isa prakAra AcArya saMgha ko upadeza dekara apanI ArAdhanA ke lie apanA saMgha tyAgakara anya saMgha meM jAte haiN| aisA karane meM granthakAra ne jo upapattiyA~ dI haiM ve bahumUlya haiN||385 / / samAdhi kA icchuka sAdhu niryApaka kI khoja meM pA~ca sau sAta sau yojana taka bhI jAtA hai aisA karane meM use bAraha varSa taka laga sakate haiN||403-404|| isa kAla meM yadi usakA maraNa bhI ho jAtA hai to vaha ArAdhaka hI mAnA gayA hai||406|| yogya niryApaka ko khojate hue jaba vaha kisI saMgha meM jAtA hai taba usakI parIkSA kI jAtI hai| jisa prakAra kA AcArya niryApaka hotA hai usake guNoM kA varNana vistAra se kiyA hai| usakA prathama guNa hai aacaarvttv| jo dasa prakAra ke sthitikalpa meM sthita hotA hai vaha AcAravAna hotA gAthA 423 meM inakA kathana hai- ye dasa kalpa haiM- Acelakya, uhiSTatyAga, zayyAgRha kA tyAga, kRtikarma, vrata. jyeSThatA, pratikramaNa , mAsa

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1506 ma jinavANI- jainAgama-sAhitya vizeSAGka aura pryussnn| zvetAmbara AgamoM meM bhI ina dasa kalpoM kA vistAra se varNana milatA hai| vijayodayA TIkAkAra ne apanI TIkA meM inakA varNana bahuta vistAra se kiyA hai| niryApaka AcArya ke guNoM meM eka guNa avapIDaka hai| samAdhi lene se pUrva doSoM kI vizuddhi ke liye AcArya usa kSapaka se usake pUrvakRtadoSa bAhara nikAlate haiN| yadi vaha apane doSoM ko chipAtA hai to jaise siMha siyAra ke peTa meM gaye mAMsa ko bhI ugalavAtA hai vaise hI avapIDaka AcArya usa kSapaka ke antara meM chipe mAyAzalya doSoM ko bAhara nikAlatA hai||479|| AcArya ke sanmukha apane doSoM kI AlocanA karane kA bahuta mahattva hai usake binA samAdhi sambhava nahIM hotii| ataH samAdhi kA icchuka kSapaka dakSiNa pArzva meM pIchI ke sAtha hAthoM kI aMjali mastaka se lagAkara mana, vacana, kAya kI zuddhipUrvaka guru kI vandanA karake saba doSoM ko tyAga AlocanA karatA hai| ata: gAthA 564 meM AlocanA ke dasa doSa kahe haiN| yaha gAthA sarvArthasiddhi (9-22) meM bhI AI hai| Age granthakAra ne pratyeka doSa kA kathana kiyA hai| - AcArya parIkSA ke lie kSapaka se tIna bAra usake doSoM ko svIkAra karAte haiN| yadi vaha tInoM bAra eka hI bAta kahatA hai to use saralahRdaya mAnate haiN| kintu yadi vaha ulaTaphera karatA hai to use mAyAvI mAnate haiM aura usakI zuddhi nahIM krte| __ isa prakAra zruta kA pAragAmI aura prAyazcitta ke krama kA jJAtA AcArya kSapaka kI vizuddhi karatA hai| aise AcArya ke na hone para pravartaka athavA sthavira niryApaka kA kArya karate haiN| jo alpazAstrajJa hote hue bhI saMgha kI maryAdA ko jAnatA hai, use pravartaka kahate haiN| jise dIkSA lie bahuta samaya bIta gayA hai tathA jo mArga ko jAnatA hai use sthavira kahate haiN| udAharaNoM ke dvArA niryApaka AcArya kSapaka ko kaSTa-vipatti ke samaya dRr3ha karate haiN| maraNottara vidhi- gA. 1968 meM maraNottara vidhi kA varNana hai| jo Aja ke yuga ke logoM ko vicitra laga sakatI hai| yathA1. jisa samaya sAdhu mare use tatkAla vahA~ se haTA denA caahie| yadi asamaya meM marA ho to jAgaraNa, bandhana yA chedana karanA caahiye||1968|| 2. yadi aisA na kiyA jAye to koI vinodI devatA mRtaka ko uThAkara daur3a sakatA hai, krIr3A kara sakatA hai, bAdhA pahu~cA sakatA hai||1971 / / 3. aniSTakAla meM maraNa hone para zeSa sAdhuoM meM se eka do kA maraNa ho sakatA hai isaliye saMgha kI rakSA ke liye tRNoM kA putalA banAkara mRtaka ke sAtha rakha denA caahiye|

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bhagavatI ArAdhanA 507 4. zava ko kisI sthAna para rakha dete haiN| jitane dinoM taka vaha zava gIdar3a Adi se surakSita rahatA hai utane varSoM taka usa rAjya meM subhikSa rahatA hai| isa prakAra savicAra bhaktapratyAkhyAna kA kathana karake anta meM niryApakoM kI prazaMsA kI hai| avicAra bhaktapratyAkhyAna- jaba vicArapUrvaka bhaktapratyAkhyAna kA samaya nahIM rahatA aura sahasA maraNa upasthita ho jAtA hai taba muni avicAra bhakta pratyAkhyAna svIkAra karatA hai||2005 / / usake tIna bheda haiM- niruddha, niruddhatara, aura parama niruddha / jo roga se grasta hai, pairoM meM zakti na hone se dUsare saMgha meM jAne meM asamartha hai usake niruddha nAmaka avicAra bhakta pratyAkhyAna hotA hai| isI prakAra zeSa kA bhI svarUpa aura vidhi kahI hai| isa prakAra sahasA maraNa upasthita hone para koI-koI muni karmoM kA nAzakara mukta hote haiN| ArAdhanA meM kAla kA bahuta honA pramANa nahIM hai, kyoMki anAdi mithyAdRSTi bhI varddhana rAjA bhagavAna RSabhadeva ke pAdamUla meM bodha ko prApta hokara mukti gyaa||2021 / / Age iMgiNImaraNa kA kathana haiiMgiNImaraNa- iMgiNImaraNa kA icchuka sAdhu saMgha se alaga hokara guphA Adi meM ekAkI Azraya letA hai, usakA koI sahAyaka nahIM hotaa| svayaM apanA saMstarA banAtA hai| svayaM apanI paricaryA karatA hai| upasarga ko sahana karatA hai kyoMki usake tIna zubha saMhananoM meM se koI eka saMhanana hotA hai| nirantara anuprekSArUpa svAdhyAya meM lIna rahatA hai| yadi paira meM kAMTA yA A~kha meM dhUla calI jAye to svayaM dUra nahIM krtaa| bhUkha pyAsa kA bhI pratIkAra nahIM krtaa| prAyopagamana- prAyopagamana kI bhI vidhi iMgiNI ke samAna hai| kintu prAyopagamana meM tRNoM ke saMstare kA niSedha hai| usameM svayaM tathA dUsare se bhI pratIkAra niSiddha hai| jo asthicarmamAtra zeSa rahatA hai vahI prAyopagamana karatA hai| yadi koI unheM pRthvI jala Adi meM pheMka detA hai to vaise hI par3e rahate haiN| bAlapaNDitamaraNa- bhedasahita paNDita maraNa kA kathana karane ke pazcAt bAla paNDitamaraNa kA kathana hai| eka deza saMyama kA pAlana karane vAle samyagdRSTi zrAvaka ke maraNa ko bAla paNDitamaraNa kahate haiN| usake pA~ca aNuvrata aura tIna guNavrata tathA cAra zikSAvrata ye bAraha vrata hote haiN| diravirati,dezavirati, aura anarthadaNDavirati ye tIna guNavrata haiN||2075 / / aura bhogaparimANa, sAmAyika, atithi-saMvibhAga aura proSadhopavAsa ye cAra zikSAvrata hai| tattvArthasUtra meM bhI ye hI vrata kahe haiN| kintu ratnakaraNDa zrAvakAcAra se isameM antara hai| zrAvaka vidhipUrvaka AlocanA karake tIna zalyoM kA tyAga apane ghara meM hI saMstara para ArUr3ha hokara maraNa karatA hai| yaha bAlapaNDitamaraNa hai| anta meM paNDita paNDita maraNa kA kathana hai| jo muni kSapaka zreNI para

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1508 jinavANI- jainAgama-sAhitya vizeSAGaka ArohaNa karake kevalajJAnI hokara mokSa lAbha karatA hai usakA paNDita paNDita maraNa hai| usakI saba vidhi kahI hai ki kisa guNasthAna meM kina prakRtiyoM kA kSaya karatA hai| kevalajJAnI hone para kyA-kyA karatA hai, aadi| anta meM kahA hai ki samasta ArAdhanA kA kathana zrutakevalI bhI karane meM asamartha haiN| ukta viSayaparicaya se yaha spaSTa ho jAtA hai ki isa grantha kA nAma ArAdhanA kyoM rakhA gayA aura kyoM usake sAtha bhagavatI jaisA AdarasUcaka vizeSaNa lagAyA gyaa|

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AcArya kundakunda aura unakI kRtiyA~ * DaoN. prabhAvatI caudharI kundakundAcArya kI kRtiyA~ digambara jaina sampradAya meM Agamatulya sthAna rakhatI haiN| SaTkhaNDAgama evaM kasAyapAhuDa ke adhyetA kama haiM, kintu AcArya kundakunda kI racanAoM kA svAdhyAya karane vAle bahuta mileNge| digambaroM ke sabhI upasampradAyoM evaM zvetAmbaroM meM zrImadrAjacandra ke anuyAyI AcArya kundakunda kI kRtiyoM ko hI Agama mAnakara svAdhyAya karate haiN| AcArya kundakunda kI kRtiyA~ adhyAtma-pradhAna haiM tathA vyavahAra kI apekSA nizcaya naya ko adhika mahattva detI haiN| inameM SaD dravyoM evaM nava tattvoM kA adhyAtmaparaka varNana upalabdha hai| jayanArAyaNa vyAsa vizvavidyAlaya ke saMskRta vibhAga kI sahAyaka AcArya DaoN0 (zrImatI) prabhAvatI caudharI ne prastuta Alekha meM kundakundAcArya evaM unakI kRtiyoM kA paricaya dete hue vaiziSTya se bhI avagata karAyA hai| -sampAdaka digambara jainAcAryoM meM kundakunda kA nAma sarvopari hai| mUrtilekhoM, zilAlekhoM, granthaprazastilekhoM evaM pUrvAcAryoM ke saMsmaraNoM meM kundakunda kA nAma bar3I zraddhA se liyA jAtA hai| maMgalaM bhagavAna vIro, maMgalaM gautamo gnnii| __ maMgalaM kundakundAryoM, jainadharmo'stu mNglm||' prastuta maMgala padya meM bhagavAna mahAvIra evaM gautama gaNI ke pazcAt digambara paramparA meM AcArya kundakunda ko hI maMgala mAnA hai| inakI prazasti meM kavivara vRndAvana ne apane savaiyA meM kahA hai ki kundakunda jaise AcArya na hue haiM na hoMge vizuddhi buddhi vRddhidA prasiddha Rddhi siddhidaa| hue, na haiM na hoMhigeM, muniMda kundakunda se|| kundakundAcArya ke viSaya meM yaha mAnyatA pracalita hai ki ve videha kSetra gae the evaM sImaMdhara svAmI kI divyadhvani se unhoMne Atmatattva kA svarUpa prApta kiyA thaa| kundakunda kA paricaya- AcArya kundakunda ke aparanAmoM kA bhI ullekha prApta hotA hai| paMcAstikAya ke TIkAkAra jayasenAcArya ne kundakunda ke padmanandI Adi nAmoM kA ullekha kiyA hai| SaT prAbhRta ke TIkAkAra zrutasAgarasUri ne padmanandI, kundakundAcArya, vakragrIvAcArya, elAcArya, gRdhrapicchAcArya- ina pA~ca nAmoM kA ullekha kiyA hai| nandisaMgha se sambaddha vijayanagara ke zilAlekha meM (1386 I. ke lagabhaga) bhI ukta pA~ca nAmoM kA ullekha kiyA hai| kintu anya zilAlekhoM meM padmanandI yA koNDakunda ina do nAmoM kA ullekha milatA hai| candragiri parvata kA zilAlekha draSTavya hai vandyo vibhurbhuvi na kairiha kauNDakundaH, 1. zvetAmbara paramparA meM kundakunda ke sthAna para sthUlibhadra kA nAma liyA jAtA haimaMgalaM bhagavAna vIro, maMgalaM gautamo gnnii| maMgalaM sthUlibhadrAyo, jaina dharmo'stu maMgalam / /

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| 510 ma jinavANI- jainAgama sAhitya vizeSAGaka kunda-prabhA-praNayi-kIrtivibhUSitAzaH / yazcAru-cAraNa-karAmbuja-caMcarIka zcakre zrutasya bharate prayataH pratiSThAm / / arthAt kundakunda kI prabhA dhAraNa karane vAlI jinakI kIrti dvArA dizAe~ vibhUSita huI haiM, jo cAraNoM ke arthAt cAraNaRddhidhArI mahAmuniyoM ke sundara hastakamaloM ke bhramara the aura jina pavitrAtmA ne bharatakSetra meM zruta kI pratiSThA kI hai, ve vibhu kundakunda isa pRthvI para kisase vandya nahIM haiM? indranandI AcArya ne padmanandI ko kuNDakundapura kA batalAyA hai| isaliye zravaNabelagolA ke kitane hI zilAlekhoM meM unakA koNDakunda nAma hI likhA hai| zrI pI.vI. desAI ne 'jainijma ina sAutha iNDiyA ' meM likhA hai ki guNTakala relave sTezana se dakSiNa kI ora lagabhaga 8 mIla para eka konakuNDala nAma kA sthAna hai| zilAlekhoM meM usakA prAcIna nAma 'koNDakunde' milatA hai| sambhavata: kundakundAcArya kA janma-sthAna yahI hai| kundakunda mahAn tapasvI evaM Rddhi prApta the| kimvadantiyoM se patA calatA hai ki inake jIvana meM kaI mahattvapUrNa ghaTanAe~ ghaTita huI thiiN| kucha ghaTanAe~ nimnalikhita haiM1. videha kSetra meM sImandhara svAmI ke samavazaraNa jAnA va vahAM se AdhyAtmika siddhAnta kA adhyayana kara lauttnaa| 2. 594 sAdhuoM ke saMgha ko lekara giranAra kI yAtrA karanA aura vahAM zvetAmbara saMgha ke sAtha vAda-vivAda honaa| 3. videha jAte samaya picchikA kA mArga meM gira jAnA, ata: gRdhra pakSI kI picchi dhAraNa karane se gRdhrapicchAcArya nAma se prasiddha honaa| 4. adhyayana kI adhikatA se gardana jhukane ke kAraNa vakragrIva nAma se prasiddha honaa| samaya nirdhAraNa- AcArya kundakunda ke samaya ke viSaya meM vidvAnoM meM matabheda hai| DaoN. e.ena. upAdhye ne pravacanasAra kI prastAvanA meM ina matoM para vicAra kara niSkarSa nikAlA hai ki kundakunda kA samaya prathama I. zatI ke prArambha meM rahA hai| pro. ema. e. DhAkI Adi vidvAn kundakundAcArya ko IsavIya sAtavIM zatI meM rakhate haiN| kundakunda kI racanAe~ zaurasenI prAkRta sAhitya ke racayitAoM meM kundakunda kA sthAna mUrdhanya hai| inakI sabhI racanAe~ zaurasenI prAkRta meM haiN| inameM 1. pravacanasAra 2. samayasAra 3. paMcAstikAyasaMgraha vizAla grantha haiM evaM jaina dharma ke tattva ko samajhane kI kuMjI hai| inake atirikta 4. niyamasAra 5. aSTapAhuDa (daMsaNapAhuDa, carittapAhuDa, suttapAhuDa, bodhapAhuDa, bhAvapAhuDa, mokkhapAhuDa, sIlapAhuDa, liMgapAhuDa) 6. bArasaNuvekkhA 7. bhattisaMgaho haiM, jo bhI

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AcArya kundakunda aura unakI kRtiyA~ | adhyAtma kI dRSTi se mahattvapUrNa haiN| inake atirikta 'rayaNasAra' nAmaka grantha bhI kundakunda racita mAnA jAtA hai, kintu e.ena. upAdhye isa grantha ko gAthAvibheda, vicAra-punarAvRtti, apabhraMzapadyoM kI upalabdhi evaM gaNa-gacchAdi ke ullekha milane se kundakunda kRta hone meM AzaMkA prakaTa karate haiN| pravacanasAra-pravacanasAra ke prArambha meM hI kundakundAcArya ne vItarAgacAritra ke lie apanI tIvra AkAMkSA vyakta kI hai| pravacanasAra meM tIna zrutaskandha haiN| prathama zrutaskandha kA nAma jJAnatattva prajJApana hai| isa adhikAra meM jIva kA jJAnAnanda svabhAva vistRta rUpa se samajhAyA gayA hai| isameM kevalajJAna ke prati tIvra AkAMkSA prakaTa kI gaI hai| unake mata meM jo kevala nAma kA jJAna hai vaha sukha hai, pariNAma bhI vahI hai use kheda nahIM kahA hai, kyoMki ghAtikarma kSaya ko prApta hue haiN| kevalajJAna kI sukhasvarUpatA batAte hue ve kahate haiM- kevalajJAna padArthoM ke pAra ko prApta hai aura darzana lokAloka meM vistRta hai, sarva aniSTa naSTa ho cukA hai aura jo iSTa hai vaha saba prApta huA hai ata: kevalajJAna sukhasvarUpa hai| isake sAtha hI kundakundAcArya ne mumukSuoM ko atIndriyajJAna evaM sukha kI ruci tathA zraddhA karAI hai tathA antima gAthAoM meM moha-rAga-dveSa ko nirmUla karane hetu jinokta yathArtha upAya kA bhI saMketa kiyA hai| dvitIya zrutaskandha jJeyatattva-prajJApana hai| jIva ke svasamaya evaM parasamaya kA nirUpaNa karate hue SaD dravya kA vivecana isa zrutaskandha kA viSaya hai| isa adhikAra meM AcArya kundakunda ne jIva dvArA para se bheda vijJAna kA kathana kiyA hai| bandha mArga ho yA mokSa-mArga jIva akelA hI kartA, karmakaraNa evaM karmaphala banatA hai| usakA para ke sAtha koI bhI saMbaMdha nahIM hai| jagat kA pratyeka dravya utpAda-vyaya-dhrauvya ke atirikta kucha bhI nahIM hai| hama sat kaheM yA dravya, yA utpAda vyaya dhrauvya kaheM yA guNaparyAya dravya- saba eka hI haiN| isa adhikAra meM kundakundAcArya ne dravya-sAmAnya kA lakSaNa karate hue dravya-vizeSa kA asAdhAraNa varNana evaM apara dravya se usake bheda kA varNana kiyA hai| zuddhAtmA kI upalabdhi kA phala, ekAgra saMcetana lakSaNa dhyAna Adi kA pratipAdana itanA praur3ha, marmasparzI evaM camatkAraguNayukta hai ki uccakoTi ke mumukSu ko Atmalabdhi karAtA hai| yadi koI svarUpalabdhi na bhI kara pAe to bhI zrutajJAna kI mahimA usake hRdaya meM dRr3hatA se sthApita ho jAtI hai| tIsare zrutaskandha kA nAma caraNAnuyoga sUcaka cUlikA hai| isameM zubhopayogI muni kI bAhya evaM Antarika kriyAoM kI sahajatA dikhAI gaI hai| dIkSA-vidhi, yathAjAtarUpatva, antaraMga-bahiraMga cheda, yuktAhAra-vihAra, muni kA AcaraNa Adi aneka viSaya yuktiyukta tarIke se batAe gae haiN| Atmadravya ko pradhAna lakSya banAkara AcaraNa kI aMtaraMga evaM bahiraMga zuddhatA

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| 512 jinavANI- jainAgama-sAhitya vizeSAGka | kA aisA yuktiyukta varNana anya zAstroM meM durlabha hai| isa prakAra tIna zrutaskandhoM meM vibhAjita Atma dravya, anya dravyoM se usakA bheda evaM caraNAnuyoga kA yathArtha svarUpa samajhane meM nimittabhUta grantha pravacanasAra hai| jinasiddhAnta bIja rUpa meM isa grantha meM vidyamAna hai| samayasAra- vaMdittu savvasiddhe dhuvamacalamaNopavaM gaI ptte| vocchAmi samayapAhuDamiNamo suyakevalIbhaNiyaM / / samayasAra kI isa prathama gAthA meM kundakundAcArya kI pratijJA se jJAta hotA hai ki isa grantha kA nAma 'samayapAhuDa' rakhanA unheM abhipreta thaa| kintu pravacanasAra evaM niyamasAra ke sAtha samayasAra nAma pracalita ho gyaa| samaya kI vyutpatti isa prakAra dI gaI hai- 'samayate ekatvena yugapajjAnAti gacchati ca' arthAt jo padArthoM ko eka sAtha jAne athavA guNa paryAya rUpa pariNamana kare vaha samaya hai| isa nirvacana ke anusAra jIva samaya hai aura prAbhRta 'prakarSeNa AsamantAt bhRtam iti' nirukti ke anusAra samasta yuktiyoM se samanvita utkRSTatA se paripUrNa hotA hai| ise zAstra bhI kaha sakate haiN| isa zAstra meM jIva yA AtmA kA nirUpaNa hai| grantha meM dasa adhikAra haiN| prathama pUrvaraMgAdhikAra hai| 38 gAthAoM meM se 12 gAthAe~ pUrvapIThikA ke rUpa meM haiM, jinameM granthakAra ne maMgalAcaraNa, granthapratijJA, svasamaya-parasamaya kA nirUpaNa kiyA hai, zuddha evaM azuddha naya kA svarUpa bhI isa adhikAra meM prApta hai| dUsarA adhikAra jIvAjIvAdhikAra hai| jIva kA ajIva se anAdikAla se saMbaMdha calA A rahA hai| isI kAraNa vaha nokarma rUpa pariNati ko Atma-pariNati mAnakara ahaM kA kartA hotA hai| isa adhikAra meM zuddhaazuddha, nizcaya evaM vyavahAra naya kA bhI samyak nirUpaNa hai| - tRtIya kartRkarmAdhikAra hai| isameM jIva-ajIva ke anAdikAla se cale A rahe saMbaMdha evaM kAraNa kA vistAra se nirUpaNa hai| jIva svayaM ko para kA kartA mAnakara kartRtva ke ahaMkAra se yukta hotA hai tathA para kI iSTaaniSTa pariNati meM harSa va viSAda kA anubhava karatA hai| caturtha puNyapApAdhikAra hai| isa adhikAra meM AcArya ne mokSa ke abhilASI jIva ko puNya-pralobhana ke prati saceta kiyA hai| azubha ke samAna zubha bhI jIva ko saMsAracakra meM phaMsAne vAlA hai| ataH mumukSu ke dvArA azubhopayoga ke samAna zubhopayoga bhI tyAjya hai| paMcama AsravAdhikAra hai| isameM jIva kI saMsArI avasthA kI heyatA evaM muktAvasthA kI upAdeyatA kA nirUpaNa hai| SaSTha saMvarAdhikAra hai| Asrava kA ruka jAnA saMvara hai| umAsvAti Adi AcAryoM ne gupti, samiti, dharma, anuprekSA, parISahajaya rUpa cAritra ko

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5130 AcArya kundakunda aura unakI kRtiyA~ saMvara kahA hai, kintu kundakunda ne bheda-vijJAna ko saMvara mAnA hai| unake mata meM Aja taka jitane bhI siddha hue haiM, isa bhedavijJAna dvArA hae haiN| saptama nirjarAdhikAra hai| saMvara ke pazcAt nirjarA hotI hai| samyagdRSTi jJAna tathA vairAgya ke kAraNa karmaphaloM ko tyAgakara bandhamukta ho jAtA hai| usake punaH karmoM kA bandha nahIM hotaa| isa adhikAra meM samyagdarzana ke ATha aMgoM kA vizada varNana kiyA gayA hai| __ aSTama adhikAra meM bandha kA nirUpaNa hai| bandha kA pramukha kAraNa rAga ko mAnA gayA hai| samyagdRSTi jIva baMdha ke kAraNoM ko jAnakara unheM dUra kara detA hai evaM nirbandhAvasthA ko prApta ho jAtA hai, kintu mithyAdRSTi ajJAna ke kAraNa nirbandhAvasthA ko prApta nahIM hotaa| navama mokSAdhikAra hai| AtmA kI sarvakarma se muktAvasthA ko mokSa kahate haiN| mokSa-prApti ke lie yathArtha jJAna evaM zraddhAna ke sAtha samyak cAritra para atyadhika bala diyA hai| dazama sarvavizuddhijJAnAdhikAra hai AtmA ke anantaguNoM kA jJAna hI AtmA kA pradhAna guNa hai| anta meM amRtacandrAcArya ne AtmakhyAti TIkA ke aMgarUpa meM syAdvAdAdhikAra evaM upAyopeyabhAvAdhikAra likhe haiM, jinameM anekAnta kA samarthana karane ke lie aneka nayoM dvArA Atma-tattva kA nirUpaNa kiyA gayA paMcAstikAyasaMgraha- yaha grantha jina-siddhAnta evaM jina adhyAtma kA praveza dvAra hai| AcArya kundakunda ne mahAzramaNa tIrthakara deva kI vANI kA sAra-saMkSepa isa grantha meM gumphita kiyA hai| paMcAstikAya kA pratipAdya amRtacandrAcArya ne isa prakAra pratipAdita kiyA hai paMcAstikAyaSaDdravyaprakAreNa prarUpaNam / pUrva mUlapadArthAnAmiha suutrkRtaakRtm|| jIvAjIvadviparyAyarUpANAM citrvrtmnaam| tato navapadArthAnAM vyavasthA prtipaaditaa|| tatastattvaparijJAnapUrveNa trityaatmnaa| proktA mArgeNa kalyANI moksspraaptirpshcimaa|| amRtacandrAcArya ne paMcAstikAya ko do khaNDoM meM vibhakta kiyA hai, kintu jayasenAcArya ne ise tIna adhikAroM meM vibhakta kiyA hai| prathama adhikAra to amRtacandAcArya ke prathama zrutakhaNDa ke samAna hI hai| dvitIya zrutakhaNDa kA dvitIya evaM tRtIya adhikAra meM vibhAjana kiyA hai| prathama khaNDa meM mUlapadArthoM kA paMcAstikAya evaM SaDdravya ke rUpa meM nirUpaNa hai| maMgalapATha evaM grantha pratijJA ke pazcAt pA~ca astikAyoM kA varNana hai| astikAya kA tAtparya hai- astitva evaM kaaytv| astitva ko

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1514 kA jinavANI- jainAgama-sAhitya vizeSAMka sattA kahate haiN| yahI dravya kA lakSaNa hai| yaha prathama khaNDa hI prathama adhikAra bhI hai| dUsare khaNDa meM jIva ajIva ke paryAya rUpa nava padArthoM kA nirUpaNa hai| isI khaNDa ko jayasenAcArya ne dvitIya evaM tRtIya adhikAroM meM vibhAjita kiyA hai| dvitIya adhikAra meM jIva-ajIva evaM inake saMyoga se niSpanna hone vAle sAta padArtho kA nirUpaNa hai| tRtIya adhikAra meM svasamaya, parasamaya evaM mokSamArga kA nirUpaNa hai| kundakunda ne para ke prati rAga kA sarvathA niSedha isa grantha meM kiyA hai sapayatthaM titthayaraM abhigadabuddhissa suttroiss| dUrataraM NivvANaM sNjmtvsNputtss|| para ke prati kiMcit mAtra bhI anurAga, yahAM taka ki tIrthakara deva ke prati kiyA gayA bhI anurAga mokSa se dUra rakhatA hai| ata:mokSamArgI ko rAga se dUra rahanA caahie| tamhA NivvudikAmo rAgaM savvattha kuNau mA kiNci| so teNa vIdarAgo bhavio bhavasAyaraM trdi|| arthAt jisakA kiMcit mAtra bhI rAga nahIM hai vaha vItarAga bhavasAgara se tara jAtA hai| paMcAstikAya ko AdhAra mAnakara aneka grantha likhe ge| jinameM dravyasaMgraha pramukha hai| pravacanasAra, niyamasAra, samayasAra Adi granthoM ko samajhane ke lie paMcAstikAya kA adhyayana jarUrI hai|| niyamasAra- isa grantha meM niyama (mokSamArga) evaM niyama phala (mokSa) kA nirUpaNa hai| samyagdarzana, samyagjJAna evaM samyak cAritra hI niyama athavA mokSamArga hai| samyak cAritra vyavahAra evaM nizcaya se do prakAra kA hai| inameM nizcaya cAritra hI mokSamArga hai| vastuta: usa paramAgama kI racanA kundakunda ne svAntaH sukhAya kI hai, jaisA ki isa gAthA se spaSTa hai NiyabhAvaNimitta mae kadaM nniymsaarnnaamsudN| __NaccA jiNovadesaM puvvAvaradosaNimmukkaM / / niyamasAra meM sampUrNa viSayavastu ko 187 gAthAoM meM bAraha bhAgoM meM vibhAjita kiyA gayA hai- 1. jIvAdhikAra 2. ajIvAdhikAra 3. zuddhabhAvAdhikAra 4.vyavahAracAritrAdhikAra 5.paramArthapratikramaNAdhikAra 6. nizcaya pratyAkhyAnAdhikAra 7. paramAlocanAdhikAra 8. zuddhanizcayaprAyazcittAdhikAra 9. paramasamAdhiadhikAra 10.paramabhakti adhikAra 11.nizcaya-paramAvazyakAdhikAra 12.shuddhopyogaadhikaar| _prathama adhikAra meM maMgalapATha, grantha pratijJA, pratipAdya ke pazcAt 'niyamasAra' nAma kI sArthakatA kA pratipAdana hai, tadanantara mokSamArga yA niyama kI carcA hai| dvitIyAdhikAra meM pA~ca ajIva dravyoM kA va tRtIyAdhikAra meM AtmA ke svaparabhAva kA vivecana hai| vyavahAracAritrAdhikAra meM pA~ca vratoM, pA~ca

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massampramane MELATE AcArya kundakunda aura unakI kRtiyA~ hA kayA111 samitiyoM evaM tIna guptiyoM kA nirUpaNa hai| paMcamAdhikAra meM AtmA ke mAdhyasthabhAva evaM pratikramaNa kI carcA hai| vastuta: AtmArAdhana hI paramArtha pratikramaNa hai| Age ke donoM adhikAroM meM dhyAna kA nirUpaNa hai| vastuta: dhyAna hI sarva aticAra kA atikramaNa hai| samasta vacanoM ko chor3akara tathA anAgata zubhAzubha kA nivAraNa karake jo AtmA kA dhyAna hai vahI pratyAkhyAna hai| zuddhanizcayaprAyazcittAdhikAra evaM parama samAdhi adhikAra meM AtmA-dhyAna evaM dhyAtA-dhyeya kI ekarUpatA kA vivecana hai| parama bhakti-adhikAra meM AtmA ko AtmA ke sAtha yoga kA nirUpaNa hai| kAma krodhAdi se rahita sadA AtmabhAva meM rahane vAlA hI bhakta nizcayaparamAvazyakAdhikAra evaM zuddhopayogAdhikAra meM bhI AtmA ke sva parabhava evaM nirvANa kA varNana hai| isa prakAra sampUrNa niyamasAra meM samyagdarzana, jJAna evaM cAritra rUpa niyama tathA zuddhabhAva meM sthita AtmA kI ArAdhanA kA nirUpaNa hai| zuddhAtmA hI ArAdhya hai isake zraddhAna, jJAna evaM dhyAnarUpa pariNitiyA~ sAdhana haiN| aSTapAhuDa- pravacanasAra evaM niyamasAra ke samAna aSTapAhuDa bhI kundakunda ke pramukha granthoM meM hai| aSTa pAhuDa meM ATha pAhuDa haiM, jinameM pAhuDa ke nAma ke anurUpa hI viSayoM kA nirUpaNa hai, yathA1. darzanapAhuDa- isameM samyagdarzana kA nirUpaNa hai| darzana ke bheda, samyaktva ke guNa evaM inakA prazamAdi cihnoM meM antarbhAva kiyA gayA hai| samyagdRSTi kA lakSaNa dete hue mokSamArga meM samyagdarzana kA mahattva batalAyA gayA hai| 2. sUtrapAhuDa-isameM zrutajJAna ke mahattva evaM sUtroM kI upAdeyatA kA nirUpaNa hai| dvAdazAMga evaM aMgabAhya rUpa zruta kA varNana hai| sUtra ke artha ko jAnane vAlA samyagdRSTi hai evaM sUtra ke artha va pada se bhraSTa mithyAdRSTi hai| 3. cAritra pAhuDa- samyagdarzanAdi ratnatraya kA nirUpaNa karate hue cAritra ke samyaktva kA varNana hai| samyak cAritra ke do bheda haiM- samyaktva caraNa evaM saMyama crnn| inake bhedopabhedoM kA vistRta varNana isa pAhuDa meM kiyA gayA hai| anta meM nizcaya cAritra rUpa jJAnadhArakoM kI siddhi kA varNana hai| 4. bodhapAhuDa-isameM Ayatana-traya kA lakSaNa, caityagRha, jinapratimA, jinabimba, jinadarzana, jinamudrA, AtmajJAna, deva, tIrtha, arhanta, pravrajyA Adi kA jJAna diyA gayA hai| 5. bhAvapAhuDa- citta zuddhi ke binA tapa bhI siddhi meM sahAyaka nahIM hai| isa pAhuDa meM sAMsArika gatiyoM ke duHkhoM kA varNana evaM vividha muniyoM kI kathAoM dvArA citta zuddhi kI mahattA kA nirUpaNa hai| bhAvapAhuDa ko par3hane evaM 'sunane mAtra se mokSa-prApti kA kathana hai|

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1516 jinavANI- jainAgama-sAhitya vizeSAGako 6. mokSapAhuDa- isameM Atmatattvavivecana, bandha-kAraNa evaM bandhanAza kA nirUpaNa, AtmajJAna kI vidhi, ratnatraya kA svarUpa evaM parama pada kI prApti kA varNana hai| AtmA ke tIna bhedoM bahirAtmA, antarAtmA evaM paramAtmA ko samajhAyA gayA hai| 7. liMgapAhuDa- isameM bhAvadharma kI pradhAnatA hai evaM zramaNaliMga ko lakSya karake munidharma kA nirUpaNa kiyA gayA hai| 8. zIlapAhuDa- zIla ke dvArA jJAna-prApti evaM jJAna ke dvArA mokSa-prApti ka nirUpaNa hai| zIla ke aMga tapAdi kA varNana hai| mokSa meM mukhya kAraNa zIla ko hI mAnA gayA hai| jIvadayA, indriyadamana, paMcamahAvrata, samyagdarzana, samyagjJAna evaM tapa ko zIla ke antargata hI parigaNita kiyA gayA hai| rayaNasAra- isa grantha meM ratnatraya kA vivecana hai| kula 167 padya haiN| kisI-kisI prati meM 155 padya hI milate haiN| isa racanA ke kundakundakRta hone ke viSaya meM vidvAnoM meM matabheda hai| dvAdazAnuprekSA- isameM bAraha prakAra kI anuprekSAoM kA vistAra se varNana hai| hara sAdhaka ko inakI anupAlanA karanI Avazyaka hai| isameM anitya, azaraNa, ekatva, anyatva, saMsAra, loka, azucitva, Astava, saMvara, nirjarA, dharma evaM bodhi durlabha ina bAraha bhAvanAoM kA 91 padyoM meM nirUpaNa hai| bhattisaMgaho (bhaktisaMgraha)- isameM siddhoM ke guNa, bheda, AkRti, zrutajJAna ke svarUpa, pA~ca cAritroM, nirvANa Adi ke varNana ke sAtha nirvANa prApta tIrthaMkaroM kI, paMcaparameSThI kI stuti kI gaI hai| bhakti kI saMkhyA bhI ATha hai- 1. siddhabhakti 2. zruta bhakti 3. cAritra bhakti 4. yogi bhakti 5. AcArya bhakti 6. nirvANa bhakti 7. paMcagurubhakti 8. kossAmi thudii| ___isa prakAra zaurasenI prAkRta ke Agama-granthoM meM kundakunda kI kRtiyoM kA sthAna sarvopari mAnA jAtA hai| kundakunda ke granthoM kA vaiziSTya kundakunda ke samasta granthoM kA paryAlocana karane se kundakunda sAhitya kI katipaya vizeSatAoM kA svarUpa prakaTa hotA hai| kundakuda kA naya-viSayaka vicAra, adhyAtmaviSayaka dRSTi evaM zIla kA nirUpaNa viziSTa naya-viSayaka vicAra- nayoM kA nirUpaNa karane vAle AcAryoM ne naya kA zAstrIya evaM AdhyAtmika dRSTi se vivecana kiyA hai| zAstrIya dRSTi se naya-vivecanA meM naya ke dravyArthika, paryAyArthika tathA naigamAdi sAta bheda nirUpita kiye gae haiN| AdhyAtmika dRSTi se nizcaya evaM vyavahAra naya kA nirUpaNa hai| kundakunda ke mata meM saMsArAvasthA meM nizcaya evaM vyavahAra samAna rUpa se upayogI haiM, kintu mokSAvasthA meM nizcaya kI hI upayogitA hai, vyavahAra

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| AcArya kundakunda aura unakI kRtiyA~ kAma 17 anupayogI hai| kundakunda ne anyAcAryoM dvArA kathita nizcaya ke do bhedazuddha nizcaya evaM azuddha nizcaya ko bhI darzAyA hai, kintu zuddha nizcaya kI hI upayogitA siddha karate hue azuddha ko hI vyavahAra mAnA hai| jaise vedAnta meM brahma hI parama satya evaM jagat mithyA hai usI prakAra adhyAtma vicAraNA meM zuddha buddha paramAtmA hI sat hai evaM usakI anya samasta dazAe~ vyavahAra sat haiN| nizcayadRSTi ko paramArtha evaM vyavahAradRSTi ko aparamArtha kahA gayA hai| nizcaya dRSTi hI bhUtArtha hai kyoMki mumukSu ko vahI AtmA ke zuddha svarUpa kA darzana karAtI hai| vyavahAra dRSTi abhUtArtha hai| jaise mleccha ko samajhAne ke lie mleccha bhASA kA Azraya lenA par3atA hai usI prakAra baMdha meM par3e jIva ko samajhAne ke lie vyavahAra kA Azraya lenA par3atA hai| samayasAra meM AdhyAtmika dRSTi se hI nayoM kA varNana haiN| ata: nizcaya naya evaM vyavahAra naya ke dvArA zuddhAtmA kA svarUpa varNana kiyA gayA hai| kintu pravacanasAra evaM paMcAstikAya meM dravya vivecana kA viSaya hone ke kAraNa zAstrIya dRSTi se dravyArthika evaM paryAyArthika naya kA varNana prApta hotA hai| dravyArthika naya dravya ko AdhAra banAkara evaM paryAyArthika naya paryAya ko AdhAra banAkara pravRtta hotA hai| nizcaya evaM vyavahAra athavA dravyArthika evaM paryAyArthika naya ke virodha kA anta karane vAlA anekAnta siddhAnta hai| amRtacandrAcArya ne ise isa prakAra darzAyA hai ubhayanayavirodhadhvaMsini syAtpadAke, jinavacasi ramante ye svayaM vaantmohaaH| sapadi samayasAraM te paraM jyotiruccai, ranvamanayapakSAkSuNNamIkSanta ev|| AdhyAtmika dRSTi- kundakunda ke samasta granthoM meM zuddhAtmA ke svarUpa kI prApti evaM mokSa ko pradhAna banAkara hI viSaya kI carcA kI gaI hai| ata: kaI sthAnoM para viSayoM kI punarukti bhI milatI hai| mokSamArga meM acelaka vrata kI mahimA kundakunda kI digambara paramparA ko dyotita karatI hai| saMsArAvasthA meM jIva ke bandhakAraNoM kI vistRta carcA evaM usase nivRtti ke lie ratnatraya kA nirUpaNa kundakunda ke granthoM kI mukhya vizeSatA hai| kundakunda ne mokSa meM yathArthajJAna evaM darzana ke sAtha cAritra para atyadhika bala diyA hai| unake mata meM mAtra jJAna evaM darzana se dIrghakAla aise hI bIta jAtA hai, kintu jJAna evaM darzana ke sAtha cAritra ko aMgIkAra karane se antarmuhUrta meM bhI mokSa saMbhava hai| isake atirikta kundakunda ne apane granthoM meM tapa kI apekSA bheda-vijJAna ko adhika mahattva diyA hai| anya AcArya karma-nirjarA meM tapa ko mahattva dete haiM, kintu kundakunda ke anusAra tapa ke hone para bhI bheda vijJAna ke abhAva meM saMvara evaM nirjarA asaMbhava hai|

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|518 jinavANI- jainAgama-sAhitya vizeSAGaka vastuta: kundakunda ke grantha mokSamArga ke jijJAsu ke lie jinasiddhAntoM ko samajhane ke lie AdhAra stambha haiN| kundakunda ke pramukha TIkAkAra 1. amRtacandrAcArya- amRtacandrAcArya ne pravacanasAra, samayasAra evaM paMcAstikAya granthoM para saMskRta TIkAeM likhI haiN| ye TIkAeM atyanta vizada haiM evaM kundakunda ke hArda ko samajhane kI kuMjI haiN| inakI bhASA atyanta pANDityapUrNa hai| ata: kucha kaThina avazya haiN| inhoMne apanI TIkAoM ke bhAva ko prakaTa karane ke lie kucha padya bhI likhe haiM jo 'kalaza' nAma se prasiddha haiN| ye kalazakAvya vidvAnoM meM atyanta prasiddha haiM evaM nitya pATha meM sammilita ho gae haiN| AcArya ne apanA paricaya kisI bhI TIkA meM nahIM diyA hai| inakA samaya vikrama saMvat 1000 ke lagabhaga mAnA gayA hai| 2. jayasenAcArya- inhoMne bhI pravacanasAra, samayasAra, paMcAstikAya para tAtparya nAmaka TIkAeM likhI haiN| inakI bhASA atyanta sarala hai evaM adhyAtma ko samajhane ke anurUpa hai| gAthAoM ko sarala rUpa se samajhA kara viSaya kA khulAsA grantha meM kara diyA gayA hai| ye bArahavIM zatI ke vidvAna mAne gae haiN| 3. zrIpadmaprabhamaladhArideva- inakA samaya vikrama saMvat bArahavIM zatI mAnA gayA hai| inhoMne niyamasAra para tAtparyavRtti nAmaka saMskRta TIkA likhI jo vairAgya bhAva evaM zAntarasa se paripUrNa adbhuta TIkA hai| 4. bhaTTAraka zrutasAgarasUri- inakA samaya vikrama kI solahavIM zatI mAnA gayA hai| aSTapAhuDa ke prArambhika cha: pAhur3oM para unakI 'SaTpAhuDa' nAma se saMskRta TIkA milatI hai| 5. paM. banArasIdAsa- inakA samaya 17vIM zatI vikrama saMvat mAnA gayA hai| yaha zrImAla vaizya the| jaina sAhitya meM hindI bhASA ke ye mahAn kavi the| inhoMne kundakunda ke granthoM para hindI TIkA likhI evaM viSaya ko khola kara rakha diyaa| 6. paM. jayacandra-AtmakhyAti ke AdhAra para samayasAra kI sarvaprathama hindI TIkA paM. jayacandra ne kii| inakA TIkAkAla vi.saM. 1864 hai| ye khaNDelavAna jaina the evaM saMskRta bhASA ke acche jJAtA the| paM. banArasIdAsa evaM paM. jayacandra kA anya sAhitya bhI bahulatA se prApta hotA hai| vistAra bhaya se unakI carcA karanA ucita nhiiN| -variSTha sahAyaka AcArya, saMskRta vibhAga, jayanArAyaNa vyAsa vizvavidyAlaya, jodhapura

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Agama-prakAzaka saMsthAoM ke nAma evaM pate bhaNDArI saradAracanda jaina 1. zrI mahAvIra jaina vidyAlaya, oNgasTa krAntimArga, mumbaI (mahA.) - 400036 2. AcArya zrI AtmArAma jaina prakAzana samiti, jaina sthAnaka, ludhiyAnA (paMjAba) 3. a. bhA. zve sthAnakavAsI jaina zAstroddhAra samiti gareDiyA kUvA roDa rAjakoTa (saurASTra) 4. jaina dharma prasAraka sabhA, bhAvanagara (kaThiyAvADa) 5. zrI samyagjJAna pracAraka maNDala bApU bAjAra jayapura - 302003 (rAja.) : lagabhaga sabhI AgamoM kA prakAzana aura prakIrNakoM kA prakAzana / sampAdaka - jambUvijaya jI evaM puNyavijaya jI / : AcArAMga Adi katipaya AgamoM kA prakAzana / : pUjya ghAsIlAla jI ma.sA. dvArA kRta saMskRta TIkA, hindI evaM gujarAtI anuvAda sahita sabhI Agama prakAzita / : uttarAdhyayana, dazavaikAlika, antagadazA, nandIsUtra, praznavyAkaraNa, bRhatkalpa, Avazyaka Adi Agama prakAzita / 6. zrI Agama prakAzana samiti jaina sthAnaka, pIpaliyA byAvara - 305901 bAjAra, 7. zrI harSapuSpAmRta jaina granthamAlA lAkhA bAvala, zAntipurA, saurASTra 8. jaina vizvabhAratI lADanU~ - 341306 (rAja.) 9. prAkRta bhAratI akAdamI 13e, mena mAlavIya nagara jayapura - 302015 10. zrI sUtrAgama prakAzana samiti esa. esa. jaina bAjAra gur3agAMva chAvanI (hariyANA) . amolaka jaina jJAnAlaya, dhUliyA (mahA.) 11. 12. jaina sAhitya saMzodhaka samiti, 13. Agamodaya samiti, mehasANA 14. RSabhadeva kesarImala zvetAmbara saMsthA, ratalAma : 32 Agama prakAzita (hindI vivecana evaM bhUmikA sahita) : katipaya Agama evaM niyukti-saMgraha prakAzita : mUla evaM anuvAda sahita kaI Agama prakAzita : kalpasUtra (sacitra) evaM AcArAMga, uttarAdhyayana Adi katipaya AgamoM kI cayanikA : suttAgame (sampUrNa), atthAgame : amolakaRSijI mahArAja ke anuvAda sahita Agama prakAzita pUnA

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- |520 jinavANI- jainAgama-sAhitya vizeSAGka 15. bAbU dhanapatasiMha adhikatara AgamoM kA TIkA sahita murzIdAbAda (banArasa) prakAzana 16.zrI a.bhA.sudharma jaina saMskRti : hindI anuvAda-vivecana ke sAtha rakSaka saMgha, neharU geTa ke katipaya Agama prakAzita bAhara, byAvara--305901 17.jainodaya pustaka prakAzaka samiti, ratalAma 18.a.bhA. sAdhumArgI jaina saMskRti saMrakSaka saMgha, sailAnA 19.jaina Agama navanIta : sabhI 32 AgamoM kA sAra hindI meM sirohI (rAja.) prakAzita 20 yazovijaya jaina granthamAlA : vRtti sahita prajJApanA Adi sUtroM kA bhAvanagara prakAzana 21.agaracanda bhairoMdAna seThiyA pAramArthika saMsthA, maroThI seThiyA mohallA, bIkAnera 22 lAlA sukhadeva sahAya,jvAlA- : amolakaRSijI jI dvArA kRta hindI prasAda haidarAbAda vyAkhyA sahita AgamoM kA prakAzana 23 Agama anuyoga prakAzana TrasTa : upA. zrI kanhaiyAlAlajI 'kamala' dvArA 15,sthA.jaina sosAyaTI taiyAra kie gae cAroM anuyogoM kA nArAyaNapurA krAMsiga ke pAsa prakAzana evaM katipaya anya Agama ahamadAbAda- 380013 24 Agama ratna maMjUSA : mUla 45 AgamoM kA prakAzana 25 terApaMthI mahAsabhA, kalakattA 26.devacanda lAlabhAI pustakoddhAra phANDa, mumbaI 27 jinazAsana ArAdhanA TrasTa, mumbaI 28 divyadarzana TrasTa, ___(i) 68, gulAlavAr3I, tIsarA mAlA, mumbaI (ii)39, kalikuMDa sosAyaTI, dholakA (gujarAta) 29.prAkRta TeksTa sosAyaTI, 375, sarasvatI nagara, AjAda sosAyaTI ke pAsa, ahamadAbAda 30 zrI jaina AtmAnanda sabhA, bhAvanagara(kAThiyAvADa) 31 Agama jJAnapITha, mAnasA maNDI (paMjAba) 32 divAkara prakAzana, e-7, avAgar3ha hAusa, ema.jI. ror3a, AgarA-282002 (u.pra.) 33.marudhara kesarI sAhitya prakAzana samiti, jaina sthAnaka, pIpaliyA bAjAra byAvara-305901 (rAja.) 34.sanmati jJAnapITha, lohAmaMDI, AgarA (u.pra.)

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Agama prakAzaka saMsthAoM ke nAma va pate 521 35.divAkara divyajyoti kAryAlaya,mahAvIra bAjAra,byAvara-305901 36 zrutajJAna bhavana, 45 digvijaya ploTa, jAmanagara Agama/TIkA evaM jaina sAhitya vikraya-kendra 1. sarasvatI pustaka bhaNDAra, hAthI khAnA, ratanapola, ahamadAbAda (gujarAta) 2. pArzva prakAzana, javerI vAr3a, nizA pola, ahamadAbAda (gujarAta) 3. motIlAla banArasIdAsa, 41 UAbaiMglo ror3a, javAhara nagara, dillI-110007 sUcanAe~ 1. jinavANI kA yaha 'jainAgama-sAhitya vizeSAGka' janavarI-pharavarImArca-aprela 2002 kA saMyuktAGka hai| aba maI 2002 se pratyeka mAha niyamita aMka prakAzita hogaa| Apa isa vizeSAGka kA svAdhyAya kara apanI sammati se avazya avagata kraaveN|| 2. vizeSAGka ke bar3hate AkAra ko dhyAna meM rakhate hue, isameM AgamoM se sambaddha samIkSAtmaka viSayoM para lekhoM kA samAveza nahIM kiyA jA sakA hai| una lekhoM ko jinavANI ke kisI aMka meM eka sAtha prakAzita karane kA prayAsa rhegaa| vaha aka isa vizeSAGka kA pUraka aMka hogaa|-smpaadk jina mahAnubhAvoM se isa vizeSAGka hetu artha sahayoga prApta huA hai| unakI nAmAvalI AgAmI aMka meM dI jaayegii| jo mahAnubhAva isa vizeSAGka kI prasannatA meM arthasahayoga karanA cAheM, ve nyUnatama 500/- rupaye kI rAzi 'jinavANI' jayapura ke nAma se baiMka DrAphTa yA manIArDara dvArA bheja sakate haiN| unake nAmoM kA ullekha jinavANI ke AgAmI aMkoM meM kiyA jaayegaa| -prakAzacanda DAgA, maMtrI, samyagjJAna pracAraka maNDala, bApU bAjAra, jayapura- 302003, phona naM. 565997 Rel sountaie PLANET - AcArya zrI hastI bIvana-caritra kA prakAzana - yugamanISI AcArya zrI hastImala jI ma.sA. ke jIvana caritra kA prakAzana zIghra saMbhAvita hai| samiti kI yojanA ke anusAra isa grantha kI 10 hajAra pratiyAM prakAzita kI jaayeNgii| pratyeka artha sahayogI se 20 hajAra rUpaye kA svaicchika artha sahayoga liyA jaaegaa| artha sahayogiyoM kI| nAmAvalI kA akArAdi krama se grantha meM prakAzana kiyA jAegA tathA unheM graMtha kI 25 pratiyA~ ni:zulka dI jAyeMgI, jisakA upayoga ve apane paricitoMparijanoM hetu kara skeNge| isa yojanA meM jur3akara apanI bhakti kA paricaya dene vAle mahAnubhAva zIghra samparka kareM-jJAnendra bAphanA, adhyakSa, AcArya zrI hastI jIvana caritra samiti, sI-55, zAstrI nagara, jodhapura, phona naM. 0291-434355. 645061

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samAcAra-darzana deza gujarAta meM hiMsA kA vAtAvaraNa __ dharma kA haThAgraha evaM avivekayukta kArya sAmpradAyika hiMsA kA rUpa le lete haiM, isakA udAharaNa hai gujarAta meM utpanna hiMsA kA vaataavrnn| 27 pharavarI 2002 ko godharA meM sAbaramatI eksapresa kI cAra bogiyoM meM Aga lagane se huI lagabhaga 300 nirdoSa vyaktiyoM kI hiMsA ke bAda gujarAta meM pratikriyA svarUpa hiMsA bhar3aka utthii| usake pazcAt ahamadAbAda, bar3odarA, bharUca Adi meM phaile Akroza se saiMkar3oM kI jAne gii| kaI ghAyala ho ge| hiMsA kA yaha rUpa tIna-cAra dinoM meM zAMta huA hI thA, usake pazcAt eka kAMgresI sAMsada ke bhatIje kI hatyA ho jAne se puna: hiMsA prakaTa huI, jisakI chuTapuTa pratikriyA abhI bhI dekhI jA rahI hai| dharma to paraspara maitrI evaM sahayoga kA pATha par3hAtA hai, phira yaha hiMsA kyoM? hiMsA ko tyAgakara pArasparika melajola rakhane meM hI sabakA hita hai| samAjA-sAmAcAra pIpADa meM cAra mumakSa bahinoM kI bhAgavatI dIkSA sampanna ratnavaMza ke aSTama paTTadhara AgamajJa AcAryapravara zrI hIrAcandra jI ma. sA. kI AjJA se pIpAr3a (jilA- jodhapura) meM madhura vyAkhyAnI zrI gautamamuni jI ma.sA., tapasvI zrI prakAzamuni jI ma.sA., zAntasvabhAvI tapasvinI mahAsatI zrI zAMtika~vara jI ma.sA., vyAkhyAtrI mahAsatI zrI sohanaka~vara jI ma.sA., mahAsatI zrI suzrIprabhA jI ma.sA., vyAkhyAtrI mahAsatI zrI muktiprabhA jI ma.sA. Adi ThANA 16 ke pAvana-sAnnidhya meM mAgha zuklA trayodazI 25 pharavarI 2002 ko cAra mumukSu bahinoM ne jaina bhAgavatI dIkSA aMgIkAra kii| dIkSA aMgIkAra karane vAlI bahaneM haiM- suzrI suzIlA luNAvata (suputrI jJAnacanda jI caMcaladevI jI luNAvata, pIpAr3a), suzrI anitA jaina (suputrI zrI baMzIlAla jI zAMtidevI jI, alIgar3ha ToMka), suzrI samatA luNAvata (suputrI zrI zAntilAla jI zrImatI lIlAdevI jI, pIpAr3a) aura suzrI Dimpala jaina (suputrI sva. zrI pukharAja jI zrImatI zAMtidevI jI, biraaii)| bhAgavatI dIkSA kA pATha madhuravyAkhyAnI zrI gautamamuni jI ma.sA. ne prAta: 8:15 baje prArambha kiyaa| muni zrI ne AcAryapravara zrI hIrAcandra jI ma.sA. se prApta saMdeza kA bhI vAcana kiyaa| munizrI ne saMkSipta udbodhana ke sAtha cAroM mumukSu bahanoM ko 'karemi bhaMte' ke pATha se dIkSita kiyaa| isake pUrva mumukSu bahanoM ko dIkSita karane hetu mAtA-pitA, pArivArika-jana, saMghAdhyakSa sahita saMgha-padAdhikAriyoM, saMgha

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523 pramukhoM ne sabhA maNDapa meM khar3e hokara anumati pradAna kii| dIkSAbhiSeka ke pazcAt navadIkSitA sAdhviyoM ne santa satIvRnda ko vidhivat vandana - namana kara yathAyogya sthAna grahaNa kiyA / zAntasvabhAvI mahAsatI zrI zAMtikaMvara jI ma. sA. ke saMketAnusAra namotthuNa ke pATha kA uccAraNa karAyA gayA aura sira para avaziSTa kezoM kA luMcana kiyA gyaa| dIkSAvidhi ke pazcAt bhI samAroha binA mAika ke nirAbAdha rUpa se prAtaH 10.30 baje taka calatA rahA / isa avasara para sarva zrI navaratanamala jI DosI, zrI navaratana jI DAgA, zrI vimalacanda jI DAgA, suzrI zAlinI mehatA, zrI hastImala jI golecchA, zrI jJAnendra jI bAphanA, viraktA bahana suzrI pAyala, suzrI nUtana, suzrI mAlA ne apane bhAva-bhaktimaya vicAra prakaTa kiye| bAlotarA zrIsaMgha ne cAturmAsa hetu bhAvabharI vinati prastuta kI / nyAyAdhipati zrI jasarAja jI caupar3A ne apane hRdayodgAra vyakta kie| munizrI kA saMketa pAkara mahAsatI zrI muditaprabhA jI ma.sA., mahAsatI zrI rucitA jI ma.sA. mahAsatI zrI suzrIprabhA jI ma.sA. aura mahAsatI zrI samatA jI ma.sA. ne saMkSipta kintu preraNAdAyI pravacana ke mAdhyama se saMyama kI mahattA btaaii| "" madhura vyAkhyAnI zrI gautamamuni jI ma.sA. ne apane pravacana meM pharamAyA- ina bahinoM ne aMdhakAra se prakAza kI ora tathA aNu se virAT kI ora bar3hane hetu tIna mUla maMtra svIkAra kie haiM- 1. sAvajjaM jogaM paccakkhAmi 2. mittI me savvabhUesa aura 3 samayaM goyama ! mA pamAyae / " tapasvI zrI prakAzamuni jI ma. sA. ne apane AzIrvacana meM pharamAyA- "Aja somavAra hai / soma ko candra kahate haiM, Apa candra kI taraha prakAzita hoN|" pravacana ke pazcAt dIkSA ke anumodana meM kaI bhAI-bahanoM ne jamIkanda ke tyAga kie| kucha logoM ne maunavrata kA niyama liyaa| navadIkSitA zrI anitA jI ke tAUjI zrI bhaMvaralAla jI jaina ne sapatnIka zIlavrata ke khaMda kie| svAgata samiti ke sadasya zrI pukharAja jI caudharI - pIpAr3azahara ne bhI zIlavrata kA khaMda aMgIkAra kara dIkSA kI anumodanA kii| svAgatAdhyakSa evaM a. bhA. zrI jaina ratna hitaiSI zrAvaka saMgha ke saMrakSakamaNDala ke saMyojaka mAnanIya zrI mophatarAja jI muNota ne navadIkSitA sAdhviyoM ke prati apanI zubhakAmanAe~ vyakta karate hue kahA ki jisa patha para ve agrasara huI haiM, usa para sUrya kI bhAMti camakeM aura sva-para kA kalyANa kareM / luNAvata parivAra, pIpAr3a zrIsaMgha evaM anya sahayogI saMsthAoM aura vyaktiyoM kA muNota sAhaba ne hRdaya se AbhAra vyakta kiyaa| rASTrIya saMghAdhyakSa zrI ratanalAla jI bAphanA ne samAgata sabhI zrI saMghoM kA hArdika dhanyavAda jJApita kiyaa| kAryakrama kA kuzala saMcAlana samarpita yuvA zrI

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1524 jinavANI- jainAgama-sAhitya vizeSAGka sumaticanda jI mehatA ne kiyaa| dIkSA mahotsava para vibhinna sthAnoM ke lagabhaga 4 hajAra loga upasthita the| AvAsa, bhojanAdi kI sundara vyavasthA meM luNAvata parivAra evaM kavAr3a parivAra kA pramukha yogadAna rhaa| zobhAyAtrA evaM abhinandana kAryakrama- dIkSAbhiSeka ke eka dina pUrva 24 pharavarI 2002 ko prAta: 10 baje cAroM mamakSa bahinoM kI bhavya zobhAyAtrA, bhakti gIta, bhajana, gaganabhedI jayanAda ke sAtha pIpAr3a ke pramukha mArgoM se nikala kara koTa meM visarjita huii| isI dina sAyaM 7 baje pazcAt zrI varddhamAna sthAnakavAsI jaina zrAvaka saMgha-pIpAr3a zahara, zrI jaina ratna hitaiSI zrAvaka saMgha-pIpAr3a zahara evaM akhila bhAratIya zrI jaina ratna hitaiSI zrAvaka saMgha ke saMyukta tattvAvadhAna meM vIra mAtApitA aura dIkSArthinoM bahinoM kA svAgata-abhinandana kA kAryakrama akhila bhAratIya zrI jaina ratna hitaiSI zrAvaka saMgha ke adhyakSa mAnanIya zrI ratanalAla jI bAphanA kI adhyakSatA meM zrI osavAla loDe sAjana vikAsa kendra (koTa) meM rakhA gyaa| samAroha meM zrI cunnIlAla jI sainI esa.DI.ema. tathA zrI bAbUlAla jI TAka, nagarAdhyakSa viziSTa atithi ke rUpa meM pdhaare| samAroha meM mumukSu bahinoM evaM vIra mAtA-pitAoM ko abhinandana patra evaM rajata paTTikA para prazasti-sammAna arpita kiyA gyaa| samAroha meM viraktA bahanoM ne apane vicAra prakaTa karate hue saMyamajIvana ke mahattva kA pratipAdana kiyaa| samAroha ke adhyakSa zrI ratanalAla jI bAphanA ne jIvana kI nazvaratA ko samajha kara saMyama dvArA ise sArthaka banAne kI preraNA kii| bar3I dIkSA bhopAlagar3ha meM 3 mArca 2002 ko bhopAlagar3ha meM madhura vyAkhyAnI zrI gautamamuni jI ma.sA. ke mukhAravinda se cAroM navadIkSitA sAdhviyoM kI bar3I dIkSA sampanna huii| navadIkSitA sAdhviyoM ke nAma nimnAnusAra rakhe gaesuzIlA jI luNAvata -mahAsatI zrI saMyamaprabhA jI anitA jI jaina -mahAsatI zrI vRddhiprabhA jI samatA jI luNAvata -mahAsatI zrI RddhiprabhA jI Dimpala jI jaina -mahAsatI zrI siddhiprabhA jI pUrva vidhAyaka zrI rAmanArAyaNa jI DUDI aura bhopAlagar3ha ke sarapaMca ne apane hRdayodgAra meM jaina santa-satIvRnda ke tapaHpUta sAdhanAmaya jIvana ko zreSTha batAte hue apanI ora se navadIkSitA mahAsatI-maNDala hetu saMyama sAdhanA meM uttarottara pragati kI kAmanA kii| kAryakrama kA saMcAlana suzrAvaka zrI nemIcanda jI karNAvaTa ne kiyaa|

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525] 17 apraila ko katipaya cAtumAsoM kI svIkRti ratnavaMza ke aSTama paTTadhara parama zraddheya AcAryapravara ke zrIcaraNoM meM cAturmAsa kI nirantara vinatiyAM cala rahI haiN| zrIsaMghoM kI bhAvanA kA samAdara karate hue AcAryapravara ne 17 aprela, 2002 ko katipaya cAturmAsa svIkAra karane kA mAnasa banAyA hai aura apane mukhAravinda se caitra zuklA dvi. caturthI budhavAra, dinAMka 17 apraila 2002 ko katipaya cAturmAsa svIkAra karane kI bAta bhI pharamAI hai| isa avasara para ghoTI yA usake AsapAsa virAjane kI saMbhAvanA pratIta hotI hai| akSaya tRtIyA mumbaI yA paNe meM sambhAvita tapa aura dAna ke viziSTa parva akSaya tRtIyA para 15 maI 2002 ko AcAryapravara zrI hIrAcandra jI ma.sA. Adi ThANA mumbaI mahAnagara ke kisI upanagara yA ThANe meM virAjeM, aisI saMbhAvanA hai| saMgha-saMrakSaka maNDala ke saMyojaka mAnanIya zrI mophatarAja jI muNota ne sabhI tapa.sAdhakoM evaM navIna tyAga tapa aMgIkAra karane vAloM se akSaya tRtIyA para mumbaI padhArane ke kAryakrama kI sUcanA (jisameM kaunasI gAr3I se kahAM utara rahe haiM, kitane sadasya haiM) karane para mumbaI relave sTezana se AcAryapravara kI sevA meM le jAne kI vyavasthA karane kI bAta spaSTa kI hai| ataH tapa-sAdhakoM evaM navIna vrata.pratyAkhyAna aMgIkAra karane vAloM se nivedana hai ki Apa apane kAryakrama kI jAnakArI nimna pate para Avazyaka rUpa se dene kA kaSTa kareM--zrIyuta mophatarAja jI muNota, saMyojaka- saMrakSaka maNDala, "muNota vilA' vesTa kampAUNDa lena, 63-bhUlA bhAI desAI ror3a, mumbaI400026(mahA.) phona naM. kAryAlaya- 022-2822888, 2822679 nivAsa022-3648004. 3625205, phaiksa naM. kAryAlaya- 2041548 nivAsa- 3648419 vicaraNa vihAra kI saMbhAvita dizAeM * parama zraddheya AcAryapravara pUjya zrI 1008 zrI hIrAcandra jI ma.sA., parama zraddheya upAdhyAya paM. ratna zrI mAnacandra jI ma.sA. Adi saMta-munirAjoM ke nAsika kSetra evaM tadanantara ghoTI-igatapurI kSetra kI ora vihAra kI saMbhAvanA hai| nAsika roDa meM phAlgunI caumAsI para AcAryapravara evaM upAdhyAyapravara Adi ThANA 10 kA madhura milana huaa| * madhura vyAkhyAnI zrI gautamamuni jI ma.sA., tapasvI zrI prakAzamuni jI ma. sA. ThANA 2 ne bhopAlagar3ha se vihAra kara diyA hai| phAlgunI cAturmAsika pakkhI pUrva pAlAsanI pdhaare| aba pAlI kI ora vihAra saMbhAvita hai| * sAdhvIpramukhA pravartinI mahAsatI zrI lADakaMvara jI ma.sA. Adi ThANA pAvaTA tathA saralahadayA mahAsatI zrI sAyarakaMvara jI ma.sA., zAsanaprabhAvikA mahAsatI zrI mainAsundarIjI ma.sA. Adi ThANA ghor3oM ke

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1526 jinavANI- jainAgama-sAhitya vizeSAGakA cauka, jodhapura meM virAjamAna haiN| mahAsatI zrI candrakalA jI ma.sA. ke ghAva pUrA bharane ke bAda evaM svAsthya-samAdhi ke rahate anya kSetra pharasane kI bhAvanA hai| phAlgunI cAturmAsika pakkhI pazcAt AcAryapravara ke dizA. nirdezAnusAra vyAkhyAtrI mahAsatI zrI ratanakaMvara jI ma.sA. ke vihAra kI saMbhAvanA hai| * sevAbhAvI mahAsatI zrI saMtoSakaMvara jI ma.sA. Adi ThANA 4 ke phAlgunI caumAsI pazcAt khIMvasara se nAgaura kI ora vihAra saMbhAvita hai| * zAMtasvabhAvI tapasvinI mahAsatI zrI zAMtikaMvara jI ma.sA. Adi ThANA 9 abhI bhopAlagar3ha virAjita haiN| nAgaura se mahAsatI zrI indubAlA jI ma.sA. Adi ThANA ke punaH bhopAlagar3ha padhArane ke bAda alaga-alaga saMghAr3oM meM samIpavartI kSetroM meM vihAra kI saMbhAvanA hai| *vyAkhyAtrI mahAsatI zrI tejakaMvara jI ma.sA. Adi ThANA kA jAmanera se jalagAMva kI ora vihAra saMbhAvita hai| *viduSI mahAsatI zrI suzIlAkaMvara jI ma.sA. Adi ThANA ke nAsika ke AsapAsa ke kSetroM meM vihAra kI saMbhAvanA hai| * vyAkhyAtrI mahAsatI zrI jJAnalatA jI ma.sA. Adi ThANA ke bajariyA se savAImAdhopura Adi poravAla kSetra meM vihAra kI saMbhAvanA hai| * vyAkhyAtrI mahAsatI zrI niHzalyavatI jI ma.sA. Adi ThANA ke dUNI se koTA kI ora vihAra kI saMbhAvanA hai| * vyAkhyAtrI mahAsatI zrI muktiprabhA jI ma.sA. Adi ThANA bhopAlagar3ha se jodhapura pdhaare| aba pAlI se mevAr3a kSetra pharasate hue madhyapradeza-mahArASTra kI ora bar3heM, aisI saMbhAvanA hai| -aruNa mehatA, ___mahAmaMtrI- a.bhA. zrI jaina ratna hitaiSI zrAvaka saMgha zrI jaina siddhAnta zikSaNa saMsthAna, jayapura meM ucca zikSA kA suavasara evaM niHzulka saMskAra nirmANa zivira zrI jaina siddhAnta zikSaNa saMsthAna, jayapura ke tattvAvadhAna meM mAdhyamika zikSA borDa kI parIkSAoM kI samApti ke pazcAt eka paMca divasIya saMskAra nirmANa zivira lagAyA jaayegaa| isa zivira meM isa varSa san 2002 meM kakSA 10 uttIrNa kara kakSA 11 meM pravezArthI chAtroM ko praveza diyA jaayegaa| isa zivira ke mukhya uddezya nimna haiM:1. jIvana ke sarvAMgINa vikAsa ke lie Adhunika vaijJAnika paddhati se jIvanopayogI tattvajJAnapUrvaka saMskAra nirmANa ke rUpa meM zikSaNa diyA jaayegaa| 2. zivirArthiyoM meM se isa saMsthAna meM pravezArthI chAtroM kA cayana kiyA jaayegaa|

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isa saMsthAna kA uddezya saMskArazIla ucca starIya jaina vidvAn taiyAra karanA hai| isake lie chAtroM ko ucca starIya saMskRta, prAkRta Adi viSayoM kA adhyApana karAyA jAtA hai, jisase chAtra hAyara saikaNDarI, bI.e., ema.e., Ara.e.esa. Adi parIkSAoM meM varIyatA sUcI meM sthAna pAte haiM tathA chAtroM ko Atma-nirbhara hone ke lie pUrNa sahayoga diyA jAtA hai, jisase unheM AjIvikA ke lie idhara-udhara jAnA nahIM par3atA hai| saMsthAna meM parizramI, sevAbhAvI, anuzAsanapriya, pratibhAsampanna chAtroM ko hI praveza diyA jAtA hai| saMsthAna ke chAtroM kI bhojana, AvAsa Adi kI vyavasthA ni:zulka hai| zivira tathA saMsthAna meM pravezArthI chAtra apanA (1) nAma (2) pitA kA nAma (3) gotra (4) janmatithi (5) nivAsa sthAna va patA (6) dhArmika yogyatA evaM vigata do varSoM kI vidyAlayIya parIkSAoM meM prAptAMka (aMka tAlikA kI prati alaga se saMlagna kareM) Adi kA vivaraNa dete hue nimnAMkita pate para 30 aprela 2002 taka Avedana patra bhejeM, jisase unheM anumati patra evaM zivira tithi kI sUcanA samaya para bhejI jA ske| patA- adhiSThAtA, zrI jaina siddhAnta zikSaNa saMsthAna e-9, mahAvIra udyAna patha, bajAjanagara, jayapura-302015 (rAja.) phona naM. 0141-511946 jaina adhyApaka taiyAra karane kI do AkarSaka yojanAe~ 1. tIna varSa taka vidyApITha meM rahakara dhArmika adhyayana-nyUnatama yogyatA-12vIM pAsa, Ayu-17se 21 varSa adhyayanakAla meM bhojana AvAsa tathA dhArmika zikSaNa kI ni:zulka vyavasthA ke sAtha prathama varSa meM rupaye 600/- dvitIya meM rupaye 750/tathA tRtIya meM rupaye 900/- pratimAha chaatrvRtti| pAThyakrama pUrNa karane para samAja sevA meM rupaye 5000/- mAha para sarvisa kI gaarnnttii| 10 varSa taka samAja-sevA meM nirantara sarvisa karane para 1 lAkha rupaye kA sammAna purskaar| prAiveTa parIkSA kI chuutt| 2. patrAcAra yojanA- ghara baiThe tIna varSa meM kuzala sAdhaka, prazikSita adhyApaka, prabhAvazAlI pracAraka tathA karttavyaniSTha samAjasevI banane yogya bhAI-bahana isa yojanA meM zAmila ho sakate haiN| tIna varSa kA niyata pAThyakrama pUrNa karane para AkarSaka puraskAra tathA becalara oNpha jainolAjI kI upAdhi se alNkrnn| sAdhu-sAdhvI tathA ziviroM meM adhyApana kA suavsr| pAThyakrama tathA niyamAvalI ke lie samparka kareM- prakAzacanda jaina, prAcArya zrI mahAvIra jaina svAdhyAya vidyApITha, vyaMkaTeza maMdira ke pIche. gaNapati nagara, jalagAMva-425001 (mahA.)

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jinavANI - jainAgama sAhitya vizeSAGa jinavANI hindI mAsika patrikA kA vivaraNa ( phArma 2 niyama 8 dekhie ) : : : prakAzacanda DAgA prakAzacanda DAgA bhAratIya 1. prakAzana sthAna 2. prakAzana avadhi 3. mudraka kA nAma 4. prakAzaka kA nAma rASTrIyatA patA 5. sampAdaka kA nAma rASTrIyatA patA : jayapura mAsika : samyagjJAna pracAraka maNDala bApU bAjAra, jayapura-302003 (rAja.) DaoN. dharmacanda jaina 6. una vyaktiyoM ke nAma va pate jinakA patra para svAmitva hai| bApU bAjAra, jayapura-302003 (rAja.) maiM prakAzacanda DAgA, maMtrI - samyagjJAna pracAraka maNDala, jayapura etad dvArA ghoSita karatA hU~ ki merI adhikatama jAnakArI evaM vizvAsa ke anusAra Upara diyA gayA vivaraNa satya hai / mArca 2002 bhAratIya 3 ke 24-25, kur3I bhagatAsanI hAusiMga borDa jodhapura - 342005 (rAja.) samyagjJAna pracAraka maNDala hastAkSara : prakAzacanda DAgA prakAzaka a. bhA. zrI jaina ratna AdhyAtmika zikSaNa borDa ghor3oM kA cauka, jodhapura phona naM. 630410 AgAmI parIkSA 28 julAI 2002 ko a. bhA. zrI jaina ratna AdhyAtmika zikSaNa borDa, jodhapura ne 6 janavarI 2002 ko Ayojita kakSA 1 se 9 taka kA parIkSA pariNAma ghoSita kara vyaktiza: sabako bheja diyA hai| parIkSArthiyoM ke utsAha se hameM prasannatA hai tathA AgAmI parIkSA 28 julAI 2002 meM uttarottara bar3hatI saMkhyA meM parIkSArthI dhArmika pAThyakrama kA adhyayana kara parIkSA meM baiTheM, aisI hamArI bhAvanA hai| yaha parIkSA kakSA 1 se 10 taka Ayojita hogii| Avedana-patra, pAThyakrama, pustaka Adi ke lie zIghra samparka kareM / vimalA mehatA saMyojaka navaratana DAgA saciva dharmacanda jaina rajisTrAra

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HRA PROHR ETI YGU Cviena vien 3653/57 DAka paMjIyana saMkhyA RJ/2803/02 THE CLOSEST YOU CAN STAY TO KANDIVALI STATION. Kalpataru Vatika-Phase II, is an imposing 14 storeyed residential tower that is far away from the hustle and bustle, yet near enough to the station. It features 2 wings each having 4 apartments per floor of 2 BHK. It offers superior quality amenities (already developed) within the complex such as lush landscaped garden, swimming pool, club house with gymnasium, steam and sauna. While Kalpataru Vatika-Phase I is already complete, with 4 wings of 7 storeys each, Kalpataru Vatika-Phase II is well under construction. For further details or for a site visit, call Sangeeta or Rajeev at 282 2679/282 2888. KALPA-TARU Site address: Akurli Road, Opposite ESIS Hospital, Kandivali (East). Tel: 887 1911. Kalpataru Group of Companies: 111, Maker Chambers IV, Nariman Point, Mumbai 400 021. Fax: 204 1548 / 288 4778. E-mail: sales@kalpataru.com or visit us at www.kalpataru.com prakAzacanda DAgA, mantrI-samyagjJAna pracAraka maNDala, jayapura kI ora se saMjaya mittala dvArA dI DAyamaNDa prinTiMga presa, ema.esa.bI. kA rAstA, jauharI bAjAra, jayapura se mudrita evaM prakAzacanda DAgA dvArA prakAzita tathA samyagjJAna pracAraka Jain R, 24 awrrt, sest (T.) # Taringa i sret #179* zi. antal Www.jalnelibrary.org