Jain Darshan me Samatvayog

Author(s): Priyvandanashreeji
Publisher: Prem Sulochan Prakashan Peddtumbalam AP
Catalog link: https://jainqq.org/explore/001732/1

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jaina darzana meM ks'ttr eka samIkSAtmaka adhyayana (zIla kSamA saMyama santoSa - sAdhvI DaoN. priya vaMdanA zrI

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pa.pU. guruvaryA sulocanAzrIjI ma.sA. ApakI vANI meM vinamratA kA vaiDUrya hai ApakI prajJA meM adbhuta pratibhA kA sauMdarya hai Apake kArya meM kuzalatA kA zaurya hai Apake kaMTha meM koyalasI kuka kA kokilaya hai Apake saMyamopavana meM basanta kA mAdhurya hai Apake cintana meM guNaratnoM kA gAMbhIrya hai ApakI painIdRSTi meM gaharI pAradarzitA kA cAturya hai Apake jIvana meM saralatA...sahajatA kA dhairya hai he zAntamanA, he udAra hRdayA, tuma saMyama upavana ke ho samatA kuJjana he karUNA sindhu ! jIvana bindu ! phalodI nagara kI tuma ho naMdana / he pArzvamaNi tIrtha prerikA guruvaryA zrI tumhAre pAvana caraNArvidoM meM zat-zat vaMdana...

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navagrahamandira pahatumbaLama AdIniH For Private & Personal use only www.jainelibrary.orms

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bhAratadeze...AMdhrapradeze...karnATakaborDare...AdonI samIpe...18 ki.mI. dUra maMtrAlaya roDa para sthita peddatumbalam gA~va meM saMbhavata: 55 varSa pUrva kueM ke utkhanan ke samaya mahAprabhAvika pArzvanAtha paramAtmA kI 12vIM zatAbdI kI pramANita pratimA prApta huii| pa.pU. dvaya guruvaryA zrI sulocanA zrIjI ma.sA. evaM pa.pU. sulakSaNA zrIjI ma.sA. kI pAvana preraNA se tIrtha sthala meM vizAla ArAdhanA bhavana, 50 kamare, 5 haoNla, bhojanazAlA, upAzraya, bhavya sUraja-bhavana, trizikharabaddha jinAlaya dAdAvADI, guru mandira aura sUrya mandira kA kArya tIvratA se pragati kI ora... prAcIna pratimAjI se tIrtha sthApanA huii| vahI pratimAjI" mUlanAyaka rUpa meM virAjamAna hogii| yaha tIrthoddhAra hai| tIrtha kA suramya vAtAvaraNa janamAnuSa ko pramudita banAtA hai| darzana, pUjA kA utkRSTa pratIka hai| utsava prasaMga hai mahA maMgalakArI guruvaryA zrI kI sannidhi ati AnaMdakArI pArzvamaNitIrtha kI pavitra bhUmi pAvanakArI pratiSThA-mahotsava kI zubha ghar3iyA~ jayakArI... maMgalakArI 2 mArca 2008 ke zubha muhUrta meM pratiSThA zrIpAzvamaNi jaina tIrthI peitumbaLama Adoni Educat international national

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jaina darzana meM samatvayoga : eka samIkSAtmaka adhyayana sAdhvI DaoN. priyavaMdanA zrI

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jaina vizvabhAratI saMsthAna lADanUM (mAnya vi.vi. dvArA ) pIeca.DI. upAdhi hetu svakRta zodha prabandha prApti sthAna : pArzvamaNi jaina tIrtha TrasTa po. pembalam, vA. AdonI, ji. karnUla - 518301 (A.pra.) phona : 08512-257432, 257434 prAcya vidyApITha dupADA roDa, zAjApura - 465001 (ma. pra. ) kampojiMga : navInacandrajI sAvanasukhA prakAzaka varSa : prathama saMskaraNa, I. san 2007 pratiyA~ : 1000 mUlya : 250/ prakAzaka : prema sulocana prakAzana zrI pArzvamaNi jaina tIrtha TrasTa po. pembalam, vA. AdonI, ji. karnUla - 518307. (A.pra.) phona : 08512-257432, 257434 mudraka : sukAMta prinTa enTaraprAisesa 35/12, vAlaTaiksa roDa, cennaI - 600079.

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gubi hli| te | zrI pArzvamaNi jaina tIrtha -- = = = = =

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Ja dAdA zrI jinadatta sUrIzvarajI dAdA zrI jinakuzala sUrIzvarajI AcArya zrI jinakAntisAgarajI ma.sA. AcArya zrI kailAzasAgarajI ma.sA. guruvaryA sulocanAzrIjI ma.sA. upAdhyAya zrI maNiprabhasAgarajI ma.sA. guruvaryA sulakSaNAzrIjI ma.sA. Jain Education | sAdhvI priyalatAzrIjI For Private & Personal sAdhvI priyavaMdanAzrIjIww.jainelibrary.org

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3D - - - - dAdA zrI jinadatta kuzala gurubhyo namaH zrI pArzvamaNi pArzvanAthAya namaH zrI gaNanAyaka sukhasAgara gurubhyo namaH nimeM samatvayoga jaina darzana meM eka samIkSAtmaka adhyayana divyAzIrvAda : pa.pU. AcArya zrI majjinakAnti sAgara sUrizvarajI ma.sA. pa.pU. pravartanI mahodayA zrI premazrIjI ma.sA. pa.pU. samatAmUrti tejazrIjI ma.sA. AjJA pradAtA: pa.pU. kharataragacchAdhipati AcArya zrI jina kailAsa sAgara sUrizvarajI ma.sA. zubhAzIrvAda: pa.pU. upAdhyAya pravara zrI maNiprabhasAgarajI ma.sA. samprerikA: pa.pU. pArzvamaNi tIrtha prerikA guruvaryA zrI sulocanAzrIjI ma.sA. pa.pU. ugratapasvIratnA sulakSaNAzrIjI ma.sA. lekhikA sAdhvI DaoN. priyavaMdanA zrI mArgadarzana / nirdezaka : DaoN. sAgaramala jaina saMpAdaka : DaoN. jJAna jaina - -

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pU. pitAzrI sva. zA zaMkaralAlajI cunIlAlajI sAkariyA evaM bhAI sva. zA azokakumAra zaMkaralAlajI sAkariyA kI puNya smRti meM pU. mAtAjI zrImatI sukhIbAI zaMkaralAlajI sAkariyA kI sadpreraNA se sohanalAla, ghevaracaMda, vipinakumAra lalItAdevI, manaphulAdevI, sonaladevI abhiSeka, kuzala, saphala, abhijIta, darzila DimpaladevI, pAyaladevI, kejaladevI suputra suputra vadhu supautra supautra vadhu supautrI jamAI - riMkala - saMjayakumArajI zAha abhilASA - gautamajI evaM dhvanI prapautra dhvaja evaM samasta sAkariyA parivAra marUdhara meM sAMDerAva pharma : maMgaladIpa jvelarsa 6, raMganAtha menzana, 145, evenyu roDa, beMgalaura - 560002 phona : dukAna 22211440, 41511088 nivAsa : 26609909 - artha saujanya : - - zruta saujanya meM lAbha lekara, puNyopArjana kiyA hai| ApakI zruta sevA stutya, sarAhanIya, anumodanIya hai| sarvAMgINa kSetra meM Apane anUThI udAratA kA paricaya diyA hai| jinazAsana kA gaurava bar3hAke Apane prazaMsanIya kArya kiyA hai| apanI tejasvI pratibhA se sAkariyA parivAra kA nAma dipAyA hai|

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artha saujanya : . zA zaMkaralAlajI cunIlAlajI sAkariyA zrImatI sukhIbAI zaMkaralAlajI sAkariyA zrI ghevaracaMdajI zaMkaralAlajI sAkariyA zrImatI manaphulAdevI ghevaracaMdajI sAkariyA

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terA... tujhako... arpaNa samarpaNa... jinakI pAvana sannidhi meM, antaraMga kali vikasita huI, utsAhoM se bharI picakArI, guruvara ! Apase mujhe milI, ra ra UrjA kiraNa se jJAna kI jyoti hai pragaTI zAjApura meM lekhanI kI, zrutadhArA pravAhita huI, DaoN. sAgaramalajI ke nirdezana meM, kalama kAgaja para calI, guruvaryA zrI ke zubha AzISa kI, barakhA jIvana meM barasI, graMtha pUrNAhuti maMgala kSaNoM meM, antara kI kaliyA~ mahakIM, utkRSTa bhAvAJjali saha, natamastaka caraNoM meM dharati, isa 'samatvayoga' graMtha ko, tuma kara kamaloM meM samarpita karatI samarpaNa... samarpaNa... samarpaNa...!! AsthA ke AyAma, parama zraddheyA, mAtRhRdayA parama pUjanIyA guruvaryA zrI sulocanAzrIjI ma.sA. parama pUjanIyA zrI sulakSaNAzrIjI ma.sA. ke pavitra... pAd... padmoM meM sAdara samarpita...!!! 'sulocana' zizu sAdhvI priyavaMdanA zrI

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* maMgala saMdeza mA~ zAradA ke caraNoM meM samaya, zakti aura jJAna kA ardhya arpaNa karane vAlI sAdhvI DaoN. priyavandanAzrIjI sAdara sukha sAtA / 'jaina darzana meM samatvayoga : eka samIkSAtmaka adhyayana' isa graMtha ke aMdara tana-mana kI athAha mehanata ke darzana hote haiN| nizcita rUpa se ApakA yaha prayatna stutya evaM sarAhanIya hai| ApakA yaha prayatna sAdhakoM evaM pAThakoM ke bIca kohinUra ratna kI taraha dIpa uThe tathA guruvaroM ke AzIrvAda rUpa jharaNe Apako satata akSuNNa rUpa se siMcita karate raheM, inhIM maMgala AzIrvacana ke " sAtha... kharataragacchAdhipati AcArya jina kailAza sAgara sUri * zubha saMdeza* jaina darzana kA prANa hai - smtaa| samatA nahIM hai to kucha bhI nahIM hai| samatA mokSa mArga kI pahalI sIr3hI hai| samatA pAye binA samakita pAyA nahIM jA sktaa| samatA cAritra hai tathA darzana aura jJAna kA pariNAma hai| - kaSAya girAtA hai| samatA uThAtI hai| kaSAya naraka kA dvArA hai| samatA mokSa kaa| AtmA kI sAdhanA, samatA kI sAdhana hai| anukUlata ho cAhe pratikUlata, hara paristhiti meM samatva kA sahaja bhAva, sAdhanA hai| samatA kA sahaja honA, kI anivArya zarta hai| thopI huI samatA mokSa kA sAdhana nahIM hai| sAdhanA sahaja samatva kI upalabdhi Atma-bhAva ke vijJAna se upasthita hotI hai| jyoM-jyoM AtmA Atma-bhAva meM ramaNa karatI jAtI hai, tyoM-tyoM vaha sahaja hI kaSAya-dazA se mukta hokara samatva-yoga ko puSTa karatI jAtI hai| yahI zuddha samatA hai| sAdhvI priyavaMdanAzrIjI ne samatva-yoga viSaya ko apanI zodha yAtrA kA sopAna banAkara samatA kI gaharAIyoM kA sparza kiyA hai| yaha grantha upayogI bane, isa kAmanA ke sAtha-sAtha yaha bhI kAmya hai ki sAdhvIjI lekhana ke kArya meM nirantaratA banAye rkheN| - upAdhyAya maNiprabhasAgara

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* antarAzISa jIvana meM sAhitya kA bahuta mahattva hai| madhurakaMThI priyavaMdanAzrI ne 'jaina darzana meM samatvayoga' para vizeSa dArzanika adhyayana evaM vartamAna pariprekSya meM usakA mahattva ke nAma zodha prabandha likhA hai / priyavaMdanAzrI kI mAnava kalyANakArI carama lakSya taka pahu~cane vAle samatvayoga viSaya para yaha kRti prakAzana kI jA rahI hai| grantha ko bodhagamya evaM sarvAGgapUrNa banAne meM DaoN. sAgaramalajI jaina kA mahattvapUrNa yogadAna rhaa| DaoN. jJAnacandajI jaina ne kuzala sampAdana karane kA prayAsa kiyA hai| AzA hai yaha kRti sabhI ke lie upayogI siddha hogI tathA jIvana ko samunnata evaM pariSkRta karane meM sahayogI bnegii| apane jIvana ko kamala samAna surabhita banAveM / maitrI, karUNA tathA samyagdarzana se AtmA ko dIptimAna banAveM, Adhi, vyAdhi aura upAdhi ke kSaNoM meM AtmA samabhAva meM virAma pAye evaM ve kSaNa avazya hI karma nirjarA va zubha baMdha aMta meM mokSa ke bIja baneM yahI abhilASA hai| paramAtma pratidina svayaM aura dUsaroM ko svAdhyAya meM jor3e, vANI kA anusaraNa kareM, samatvayoga prApta kara alpakAla meM mokSAdhikArI baneM antarakAmanA ke sAtha zubhASISa hai| sAdhvI sulocanA zrI

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- * AzIrvacana * Atmiya, priya, sarala, saumya, adhyayana priya, madhura kaMThI sAdhvI priyavaMdanAzrIjI ne jinakA jIvana saMyama se suzobhita hai, samatva yoga graMtha likhakara Ama janatA ko samatva kA paricaya karAyA hai| isa zodha prabaMdha meM unhoMne zruta sAdhanA kA yathArtha paricaya diyA hai| vidvadvarya, prajJAvaMta, Agama priya DaoN. sAgaramalajI jaina kA vizeSa sahayoga evaM sahakAra milaa| Apa yuga-yuga taka zAsana sevA kreN| maiM deva guru se prArthanA karatI hU~ ki yaha kRti pAThakagaNoM ke lie preraNArUpa bne| sAhitya kA sRjana karate huve Apa mAnava kalyANa ke mArga ko prazasta karatI raheM, svayaM samatva bhAvoM kI sAdhanA kareM, mukti vilaya kA varaNa kareM, yahI antara shubhaashiiss| - sAdhvI sulakSaNAzrI

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* maMgala zubhecchA* zodha-prakAzana kI punita velA meM basavanagur3I zrIsaMgha atyanta hI gaurava kA anubhava kara rahA hai| hama sabhI kA mana Aja pulakita hai| prabhu kI parama kRpA se, gurudeva ke asIma AzIrvAda se, guruvaryA zrI pa.pU. sulocanAzrIjI ma.sA. evaM pa.pU. sulakSaNAzrIjI ma.sA. kI kRpA se evaM DaoN. sAgaramalajI sA ke kuzala nirdezana meM dvaya sAdhvIvaryA ne apane varSoM se saMjoye sapane ko sAkAra rUpa diyaa| unhoMne apanI prajJA chainI se pratibhA kA samyak upayoga kiyaa| nizcita rUpa se yaha zrutArjana gaharI lagana kA dyotaka hai| sAdhvI zrI priyalatA zrIjI ne jaina darzana meM trividha AtmA kI avadhAraNA'graMtha kA nirmANa kara bahirAtmA se antarAtmA aura antarAtmA se paramAtmA dazA kA ullekha kara jana samudAya ko yathArtha dharAtala para AtmasAt karane kA mArgadarzana kraayaa| sAtha hI sAdhvI zrI priyavaMdanA zrIjI ne jaina darzana meM samatvayoga'graMtha kA Alekhana kara zodha yAtrA ko saphalatama U~cAiyoM taka phuNcaayaa| prabala-puNyodaya se eka sAtha do graMthoM ke prakAzana kA apUrva avasara prApta kara hamArA zrI saMgha lAbhAnvita ho rahA hai| dvaya sAdhvIvaryA dvArA saMzodhita, navanirmita kRti saMta, saMgha va samAja ke lie sarvopayogI siddha hogii| sabhI dArzanikoM ne jIvana kA mUlAdhAra AtmA va samatva ko svIkAra kiyA hai| vartamAna bAhya pariveza meM..inTaraneTa, kampyuTara yuga meM aise preraNA-srota graMthoM kA niyojana honA caahiye| pAThakavarga ke lie yaha kRti jJAna-dhyAna-svAdhyAya hetu atIva upayogI hogii| pUjanIyA sAdhvI zrI kA saphalatama parizrama evaM jJAna ke prati samarpaNa stutya va abhinandIya hai| jinazAsana kI goda meM apUrva dharohara rUpa zodha prabandha pradAna kiyA isI taraha bhaviSya meM anekavidha graMtha pradAna kara zAsana sevA meM rata rheN| sAdhvI zrI dvaya ko badhAI dete hue hamArA samasta zrI saMgha gauravAnvita hai| yaha kRti janamAnuSa ke manomastiSka kA parimArjana, pariSkRta kreN| yahI zubhecchA.... zrI jinakuzala sUri jaina dAdAvADI TrasTa 72, ke.Ara. roDa, basavanagur3I, beMgalaura - 560 004. karnATaka phona : 080 - 2242 3348

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* zubhAnuzaMsA * 38 sAdhvI zrI priyavaMdanAzrIjI kA zodha prabandha jaina darzana meM samatvayoga : eka samIkSAtmaka adhyayana' ke prakAzana kI puNya velA para hArdika prasannatA kA anubhava kara rahA huuN| kyoMki zodha prabandha ke lekhaka aura mArgadarzaka donoM ke lie sarvAdhika pramoda kA viSaya yahI hotA hai ki unakA grantha prakAzita ho jaae| ___ samatvayoga na kevala jaina dharma-darzana kI sAdhanA kA utsa hai apitu samasta sAdhanA vidhiyAM isa mUlabhUta siddhAnta ko mAnyakara ke calatI haiN| samatva yoga kI sAdhanA paramAtma pada kI ArAdhanA hai| gItA meM samatvayoga ko sabhI yogoM kA sAratatva batAyA hai| samatvayoga sAdhya yoga hai tathA jJAnayoga, karmayoga aura bhaktiyoga usake sAdhana haiN| sAdhvI zrI priyavaMdanAzrIjI ne mere mArgadarzana aura sAnnidhya meM rahakara samatvayoga jaise mahattvapUrNa viSaya para apanA zodha prabandha likha kara jaina vizvabhAratI saMsthAna mAnya vizvavidyAlaya lADanUM se pIeca.DI. kI upAdhi prApta kI thii| Aja unakA yaha zodha prabandha prakAzita ho rahA hai, yaha unake lie aura hama sabake lie pramoda kA viSaya hai| __prastuta kRti kA svAdhyAya karake hama sabakA jIvana samatva bhAvanA se sArthaka bane, isI zubha bhAvanA ke sAtha yaha apekSA karatA hU~ ki sAdhvIzrI jI nirantara jJAnArAdhanA meM rata rahakara sva-para kalyANa kreN| ___ - DaoN. sAgaramala jaina saMsthApaka-nidezaka : prAcya vidyApITha, zAjApura (ma.pra) Ramai prAcya vidyApITha, zAjApura (ma.pra.) -

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* saMpAdakIya * zodha prabandha kA saMpAdana sarala bhI hai, viSama bhii| 'jaina darzana meM samatvayoga : eka samIkSAtmaka adhyayana' ke saMpAdana meM huI anubhUtiyA~ mastiSka meM chApa chor3a gayIM ki samatvayoga kA puruSArtha hI Adarza jIvana kA AdhAra hai jo siddhAlaya praveza nizcita kara sakatA hai / jisane bhI isako apanA liyA vaha duHkha rUpI, duHkhadAyI, du:kha paraMparA vAle saMsAra se pAra ho zuddha, buddha, mukta bana gyaa| pU. sAdhvI priyavaMdanAzrIjI ne apane zodha prabandha meM samatvayoga ke svarUpa, hetu, Azraya, AlaMbana kA sundara vivecana kiyA hai| unakI sazakta kalama se preraka tattvoM kA satata udghATana hotA rahe, yahI zubhakAMkSA... DaoN. jJAna jaina, B.Tech., M.A., Ph.D. 37, perUmAla mudalI sTrITa, cennaI - 600 079. -

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* maMgala kAmanA * Atmapriya...anujA...priyavaMdanAzrIjI jJAnAbhinaMdana... Aja khuziyoM ne dI dastaka...hArdika badhAI! havA meM nayI khuzabU bikharAtA...anamola pala hai aayaa| AsamAM meM jJAnodaya kA kuMkuma anerA chaayaa| naI umaMge...naI taraMge...naye bhaviSya kA paigAma laayaa| tumhArA saMjoyA sapanA Aja yathArtha dharAtala para utara aayaa| (dvaya) guruvaryA zrI ke AzIrvAda se...zodhagraMtha kA praNayana lagana se pUrNa kiyaa| jJAna...dhyAna...tapa...tyAgamaya ghRta se...lekhana ko hai sjaayaa| amUlya dharohara arpaNakara...sAmAjika dAyitva bakhUbI nibhaayaa| dRr3ha niSThA...nirNaya...kSamatA anerI tuma meM hai paayii| tuma meM sarala...sahaja...gAmbhIrya guNoM kI gAgara smaayii| saMyama se anuprANita ho...sAtha-sAtha zikSA yAtrA jArI rhii| zodha prabaMdha kA sarjana kara...pIeca.DI. kI upAdhi paaii| adhyayanapriyatA...svAdhyAya rUci ko...abhivyakta kara tumane dikhaayaa| zruta sAgara meM DubakI lagA...anUThI pratibhA ko sphurita kiyaa| mUrdhanyamanISI DaoN. sAgaramalajI kA saphala...nizcala nirdezana paayaa| jIvana phijAoM meM zodha graMtha prakAzana kA sAvana hai aayaa| samatva sAdhanA ke sUroM se...antaraMga mAdhurya ke sAja sje| guru bahanA karatI maMgala kAmanAe~...hara kalpanA sAkAra bne| sAhitya jagata meM pragati kareM...zAsana sevA meM nirantara bddh'e| Atma lakSI banakara ke...siddhatva ujAsa kI prApti kreN| yahI zubhecchA.../ zubhAkAMkSiNI sAdhvI priyasmitAzrI sAdhvI priyalatAzrI evaM samasta bhaginI maMDala - - - -

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parama pUjya sAdhvI zrI sulocanA jI ma. sA. kA ziSya parivAra

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- - * maMgala kAmanA * sAdhvI priyavaMdanAzrIjI dvArA likhita nava nirmita zodhagraMtha ke prakAzana ke svarNima paloM meM maiM prasannacita huuN| inhoMne 'jaina darzana meM samatva yoga : eka samIkSAtmaka adhyayana' graMtha kA sarjana kara abhivaMdanIya kArya kiyA hai| jaina darzana meM samatvayoga yaha eka viziSTa viSaya hai| samatva vahI hai jo jainatva kA dUsarA paryAya hai| samatva ke binA mokSa sAdhanA hamezA apUrNa hI rahatI hai kyoMki samatvayoga hI mokSa kA mUlAdhAra hai| muni jIvana ke kendra sthAna meM 'samatvayoga' rahA huA hai| zrI kalpasUtra meM bhI uvasamasAraM khu sAmaNaM' kaha kara isa sAmyabhAva ko pradhAnatA dI gaI hai| sAmyabhAva se hI mana kI sthiti samAdhAnamaya, AzvAsanajanaka evaM vairAgya mUlaka banatI hai| vAcika Andolana evaM kAyika ceSTA meM bhI sAmya bhAva se saMtulana samanvaya evaM niSpApa pravRtti banI rahatI hai| yogasAra nAmaka grantha meM bhI kahA hai - sAmyaM mAnasa bhAveSu, sAmyaM vacana viicissu| sAmyaM kAyika ceSTA su, sAmyaM sarvatra srvdaa|| mana-vacana-kAyA ke hara yoga meM, hara vRtti-pravRtti meM, hara kSetra evaM hara kAla meM sAmya bhAva dhAraNa karanA vahI sAdhaka jIvana kI sAdhanA hai| jaina darzana kI mukhya sAdhanA-paddhati sAmAyika bhAva meM nihita hai| vizeSAvazyaka mahAbhASya jaise granthoM meM kahA gayA hai ki sirpha sAmayika ke eka pada ke avalaMbana se anaMta AtmAe~ bhUtakAla meM mokSa meM gaI haiM evaM bhaviSya meM jaayegii| sAmAyika meM pradhAna rUpa se samatya yoga kI sAdhanA hai| samatva yAni samatulyacitta vRtti..| o mAna-apamAna, jayaparAjaya, iSTa-aniSTa, sukha-du:kha, zatru-mitra, lAbha-hAni Adi sarva paristhiti meM mana:sthiti ko samabhAva-tulya bhAva meM le jAtI hai| __ 'jaina darzana meM samatvayoga' isa viSaya para viduSI sAdhvI zrI priyavaMdanAzrIjI ne vizad vivecanA pUrvaka Alekhana kiyA hai, ata: unheM maiM hArdika sAdhuvAda detA huuN| jaDavAda-jamAnAvAda ke bar3hate pravAha meM zrRMgAra rasajanaka evaM sadAcAra ko naSTa karane vAle sAhitya kA dhUma pracAra ho rahA hai, aise samaya meM satsAhitya kA pracAra atyAvazyaka hai| mujhe AzA hI nahIM balki pUrNa vizvAsa hai ki aise aura bhI kaI nibaMdha zreNiyoM kA sarjana sAdhvI priyavaMdanAzrIjI dvArA hotA rahegA jisase caturvidha saMgha meM bhI svAdhyAya kA sumadhura kuMjana evaM cintana kI gaharAI meM AtmA kA Aloka suvistRta ho / yahI shubhkaamnaa| AdhoI (kaccha), 2007 - paM. kIrticandra vijaya

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* eka cintana * saMsAra meM prANI mAtra kI anAdikAla se sadaiva eka hI icchA rahI hai ki vaha sukhI rhe| sAmAnyataH mAnava sukha prApti hetu svayaM ke mana evam indriyoM ko priya bhautika sAdhana, suvidhAoM tathA sambandhoM ko upalabdha karane kA prayAsa karatA hai| bahudhA jo sAdhana priya lagate haiM, ve mAtra sukhAbhAsa hokara antataH unake pariNAma pratikUla va duHkhoM ke kAraNa banate haiN| pUrvAgraha rahita ekAgratA vivekapUrvaka cintana karane para hI sAMsArika padArthoM, zaktiyoM aura vyavahAra kA vAstavika jJAna ho sakatA hai| isa hetu samabhAva (sAmAyika) kA abhyAsa anivArya hai| pUjya sAdhvIjI zrI priyavandanAzrIjI kA zodha grantha jaina darzana meM samatvayoga : eka samIkSAtmaka adhyayana' sarala bhASA meM bahuupayogI kRti hai| isakA manoyoga pUrvaka paThana, cintana, manana evam tadanusAra vyavahAra se pratyeka vyakti nizcita hI zAzvata sukha kI ora agrasara ho sakatA hai| navInacandra nathamala sAvanasukhA indaura, 26-10-2007

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* sAdhanA kA mukhya dvAra jinakathita jaina dharma meM samatA, sAmAyika aura samyaktva kA adhikAdhika mahattva hai| aura ina tInoM viSayoM para aneka jJAnI parama RSiyoM ne anekAneka grantha likhe haiN| sirpha likhe hI nahIM apitu apane jIvana meM bhI utArA hai aura auroM ke jIvana meM bhI utArane kA prayAsa kiyA hai| aisA hI eka mIThA prayAsa hai yaha mahAkAya graMtha jisameM samatA, sAmAyika aura samyaktva ina tInoM para vizeSa taura se mahattva dekara vizad varNana kiyA gayA hai| samatA Adi ko sAdhane vAlA vyakti yadi samatA Adi kA pUrNa mahattva na jAnatA ho to ina dharmoM kI koI sArthakatA nahIM hai| yAni ina dharmoM ke balabUte para hameM hamArI maMjila nahIM mila sakatI / ataH ina dharmoM kI jAnakArI bhI utanI hI Avazyaka hai jitanI ina dharmoM kI AvazyakatA / zrutasamudra kI satata samupAsanA meM saMlagna sAdhanAmaya jIvana aura cAritra ke uccatama AyAmoM kA saMsparza karate hue pUjanIyA sAdhvI DaoN. priyavaMdanAzrIjI ma. sA. 'jinhoMne cAritramArga para Age bar3hate apane kadamakadama para zrutasAgara kI taha taka jAkara apane zrama sIMkaroM se siMcita zodha prabandha ko prabuddha maniSioM evaM sAdhakoM ke lie isa graMtha ke rUpa meM peza kiyA hai| mujhe AzA hI nahIM apitu pUrNa vizvAsa hai ki ApazrI likhita yaha gAgara meM sAgara samAna mahAn graMtha samasta mAnava samAja ko naI rAha dikhaaegaa| aMta meM...paramAtmA Apako apane bar3hAye graMthalekhana ke kadama para saphalatA ke zikhara para le jAyeM, aura vahI zikhara Apake sAtha-sAtha hama sabake lie bhI mokSa taka pahu~cane meM sahAyaka bane, yahI maMgala kAmanA ke sAtha.. narendrabhAI koraDiyA prAcArya - jaina jJAnazAlA, nAkoDA tIrtha, mevAnagara - 344025 (rAja.)

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* suprabhAtama * sAdhvIjI priyavaMdanAzrIjI ne 'jaina darzana meM samatva yoga' para zodha karane kA adbhuta kArya kiyA hai| viSayagata gaMbhIratA va lekhana niSThA ko dekhakara unakI pratibhA saMpannatA va paripakvatA kA bodha hotA hai| merI zubhakAmanA hai ki apanI guruvaryA zrI ke kuzala mArgadarzana meM avirAma apanI kalama calAtI huI sAhitya kI U~cAIyoM ko sparza kareM va Age bhI adhika parizrama pUrvaka tathA sajagatA se vividha granthoM kI racanA kara jaina vidyA ke bhaNDAra ko samRddha kreN| isI maMgala kAmanA ke sAtha... gautamacanda koThArI prAcArya - za. u. mA. vi., phalodI

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- * zubhakAmanA * mUrdhanyamanISI, antarrASTrIya vidvata ziromaNi DaoN. sAgaramalajI ke nirdezana meM jaina darzana meM samatvayoga' para sAdhvI priyavaMdanA zrIjI ne zodha kArya ko pUrNa kara, apanI adhyayana priyatA evaM svAdhyAya rUci kA paricaya diyA, vaha atyanta hI prazaMsanIya hai| vartamAna pariprekSya meM mokSa mArga kI sAdhanA meM samatvayoga jaise graMtha kI atianivAryatA hai| prastuta graMtha meM sAdhvI zrIjI ne tanAva se mukti kaise hoM ? samabhAva meM kaise jiaiM ? samatva kI sAdhanA kaise kareM ? zrAvaka kI bhUmikA kaisI ho? gRha ko svarga kaise banAeM ? ghara kA vatAvaraNa zAMtimaya kaise ho ? Adi viSayoM para prakAza DAlakara vartamAna yuvApIr3hI ko jAgRti kA saMdeza diyA hai| yaha kRti Adhunika pariprekSya meM AtmotkarSa hetu parilakSita hotI hai evaM saMta-samAja meM atIva upayogI siddha hogii| prastuta zodha prakAzana ke avasara para merA mana praphullita hai, DaoN. sAdhvI zrI priyavaMdanA zrIjI badhAI kI pAtra haiN| maiM unakA tahe dila se abhinaMdana karatA huuN| isI taraha Apa samaya-samaya para agaNita graMtha nirmANa karatI huI uttarottara U~cAIyoM kA sparza karate hue vRddhi ko prApta ve apanI viziSTa pratibhA ke mAdhyama se lekhanI ko gati pradAna karatI huI Agamika kSetra ko apane avadAna se saMparipUrNa kreN| nikaTa bhaviSya meM samatva kI sAdhanA meM saphalatA prApta kreN| yahI shubhkaamnaa| govindacaMda mehatA adhyakSa-kuzala ejukezana TrasTa, muMbaI, jahAja maMdira upAdhyakSa, jodhapura. - -

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* AtmIya sphuraNa* sAdhvI zrI priyavaMdanAzrIjI kA zodha prabandha jaina darzana meM samatva yoga: eka samIkSAtmaka adhyayana' eka mahatvapUrNa kRti hai| ApazrI aneka vidha kAryoM meM vyasta hote huye bhI Apane isa zodha-graMtha kA nirmANa kara jinazAsana kI zAna bar3hAyI hai, isalie hameM Apa para nAja hai| prasaMgAnusAra isameM zrAvaka evaM muni varga kI sAmAnya sAdhanA kA bhI citraNa kara apanI vyApaka adhyayana dRSTi kA paricaya diyA hai| prastuta kRti sarvAMgINa kSetra meM atIvaupayogI rhegii| ni:saMdeha aise sAmAjika, vaicArika, vyavahArika viSamatAoM ke bArUda para khar3e mAnava samAja ke lie sarvopayogI siddha hogii| hamAre lie harSa kA viSaya hai ki Atma sAdhanA se sambandhita isa zodha grantha kA lekhana kara sAdhvI zrI priyavaMdanAzrIjI ne pIeca.DI. kI upAdhi prApta kI hai| __isa zodha graMtha ke prakAzana ke zubha avasara para hamAre golacchA parivAra kI ora se hArdika bdhaaii| isI taraha Apa dina dUnI rAta caugunI sAhitya kSetra meM abhivRddhi kareM evaM jinazAsana meM cAra cA~da lgaaye| pravINa/manISa golacchA evaM samasta golacchA parivAra rAyapura

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bhUmikA sabhI bhAratIya sAdhanA paddhatiyoM kA mukhya lakSya samAdhi yA samabhAva kI prApti rahA hai| jainadarzana meM vItarAga avasthA, bauddhadarzana meM vItatRSNa honA tathA hindU dharma darzana meM anAsakta honA hI AtmapUrNatA kA sUcaka mAnA gayA hai| vastutaH jaba citta saMkalpa-vikalpoM se rahita hokara samabhAva meM sthita hotA hai, taba hI vyakti AtmapUrNatA yA AtmatoSa kI anubhUti karatA hai| AtmA kI isI samatvapUrNa, nirvikalpa avasthA ko hI samAdhi, nirvANa, mokSa, mukti Adi nAmoM se abhihita kiyA gayA hai| jainAcArya kundakunda ne to spaSTa rUpa se kahA thA ki moha aura kSobha se rahita AtmA kI avasthA hI mokSa hai| samatva kI sAdhanA ko na kevala jainadarzana ne hI svIkAra kiyA hai apitu bauddhadarzana, vedAntadarzana aura yogadarzana Adi sabhI ne cittavRtti kA nirodha hone yA citta ke nirvikalpa hone athavA usake tanAva aura vikSobha se rahita hone meM hI apanI sAdhanA kA sAra mAnA hai| ise hI samatvayoga kI sAdhanA kahA hai| vyakti kI icchAe~, AkAMkSAe~, mAnasika vikSobha, udvega, tanAva Adi usakI citta kI sthiratA ko bhaMga karate haiN| kintu samatvayoga kA uddezya vyakti ko mAnasika udvegoM, tanAvoM, vikSobhoM Adi se mukta karanA hai| __bhagavAna mahAvIra ne bhagavatIsUtra meM spaSTa rUpa se batAyA thA ki AtmA kA svabhAva samatva hai aura usa samatva ko prApta kara lenA hI jIvana kA carama puruSArtha hai| isI samatvayoga kI sAdhanA ko jainadarzana meM sAmAyika kI sAdhanA ke rUpa meM mAnA gayA hai| saMkSepa meM kaheM to jaina dharma kI sAdhanA sAmAyika kI sAdhanA hai aura sAmAyika kI sAdhanA samabhAva, samatA yA vItarAgatA kI sAdhanA hai| vastutaH sAmAyika aura samatvayoga eka dUsare ke paryAya hI haiN| gItA meM bhI samatva ko yoga kahA gayA hai| zrImadbhAgavata meM samatva kI sAdhanA ko acyuta arthAt paramAtmA kI ArAdhanA kahA gayA hai| gItA meM brahma arthAt paramAtmA ko samatva-svarUpa batAyA

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gayA hai| gItA meM hameM vividha prakAra ke yogoM kI carcA milatI hai| usameM yoga kI paribhASA dete hue 'samatvayoga ucyate' kahakara samatva ko hI sAdhyayoga mAnA gayA hai| jJAna, karma aura bhakti - ye sabhI samatva kI upalabdhi ke sAdhana haiN| samatvayoga sabhI yogoM kA sAdhya hai| samatvayoga ke isa mahattva ko dRSTi me rakhakara hI hamane prastuta zodha prabandha meM 'jainadarzana meM samatvayoga : eka samIkSAtmaka adhyayana' prastuta kiyA hai| yadi AtmA kA svarUpa samatva hai to phira hamAre jIvana meM vikSobha aura tanAva kyoM utpanna hote haiM? ve kyoM vyakti ke citta ke samatva ko vicalita karate haiN| jainadarzana meM ina kAraNoM ko rAga-dveSa yA kaSAya ke rUpa meM varNita kiyA gayA hai| samatvayoga kI sAdhanA vastutaH rAga-dveSa se mukti kI sAdhanA hai| jaba rAga-dveSa kA koharA haTegA, tabhI virAga kA abhyudaya hogA evaM vItarAgatA kA puSpa prasphuTita hogaa| jaina paramparA meM mokSamArga ke rUpa meM samyagdarzana, samyagjJAna aura samyakcAritra kI carcA milatI hai| vastutaH jaba darzana, jJAna aura cAritra hameM samatva kI dizA meM le Ate haiM tabhI ve samyak mAne jAte haiN| prastuta zodha prabandha meM hamane yaha batAyA hai ki jIvana meM rAga-dveSa tathA icchAoM aura AkAMkSAoM se mukti kI sAdhanA hI samatva kI sAdhanA hai| sAmAjika jIvana meM vahI ahiMsA, anekAnta aura aparigraha kA rUpa le letI hai| kyoMki hiMsA, Agraha aura saMgraha kI vRttiyA~ sAmAjika samatva ko bhaMga karatI haiN| ataH hamAre vaiyaktika yA sAmAjika jIvana meM samabhAva banA rahe, isa carcA ko hI hamane prastuta zodha meM rekhAMkita kiyA hai| vyakti kA kartavya rAga-dveSa tathA AkAMkSAoMoM se Upara uThakara ahiMsA, anekAnta aura aparigraha kI sAdhanA karanA hai| Aja sampUrNa mAnava samAja vikSobhoM aura tanAvoM se grasta hai| use inase mukta karane kA ekamAtra upAya samatvayoga hI hai| hama yaha bhI dekhate haiM ki isa samatvayoga kI sAdhanA kA pratipAdana na kevala jainadarzana meM hI milatA hai, apitu jaina dharma kI sahavartI hindU aura bauddha paramparA meM bhI milatA hai| prastuta adhyayana meM samatvayoga ke pariprekSya meM ina sAdhanA paddhatiyoM kA bhI adhyayana kiyA gayA hai

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aura inameM upalabdha tathyoM kI jaina paramparA se tulanA kI gaI hai| . isake atirikta Aja manovijJAna ke kSetra meM bhI mAnasika vikSobhoM va tanAvoM ke kAraNoM kI khoja aura unase mukti ke upAyoM kI carcA vistAra se milatI hai / prastuta zodha meM hamane una manovaijJAnika tathyoM para bhI vicAra kiyA hai jinake kAraNa vyakti ke jIvana meM vikSobha aura tanAva utpanna hote haiM / sAtha hI jaina sAdhanA paddhati meM ina vikSobhoM aura tanAvoM se mukti ke jo upAya batAye gae haiM, unakI manovaijJAnika dRSTi se kitanI sArthakatA hai, isakI bhI carcA kI gaI hai / isa prakAra prastuta zodhakArya kI upayogitA aura AvazyakatA ko hamane rekhAMkita karane kA prayAsa kiyA hai| hama apane prayatna meM kitane saphala hue haiM, yaha nirNaya karane kA adhikAra to vidvajjanoM kA hai / hama apanI sImita yogyatA aura kSamatA se jo bhI kara sake haiM, use isa zodha prabandha meM prastuta kiyA hai / isa prastutIkaraNa meM hameM jina-jina mahAnubhAvoM kA sahayoga milA hai, unake prati AbhAra vyakta karanA maiM apanA kartavya samajhatI hU~ / kRtajJatA jJApana maiM prastuta kRti kI pUrNAhuti ke kSaNoM meM kRpAlu paramAtmA ke caraNoM meM praNata bhAva se bhAvabhInI vandanA samarpita kiye binA nahIM raha sakatI / maiM isa maMgalavelA meM paramopakArI lAkhoM jaina nirmAtA cAroM dAdAgurudeva ke caraNAravindoM meM ahobhAvapUrvaka vandana karatI hU~ / merI asIma AsthA ke mahodadhi sadaiva snehavAtsalya ke payodadhi mAnavatA ke masIhA, dIkSA pradAtA pa.pU. AcArya zrI jina kAntisAgarasUrizvarajI ke pAvana caraNoM meM zata-zata vandana karatI hU~ / ApazrI ke divyAzIrvAda ke Aloka meM prastuta zodha prabandha kA kArya vyavasthita evaM nirvighna sampanna huA hai / maiM aisA mAnatI hU~ ki mahAprajJAvanta sAhityamanISI mere jIvana ke patha pradarzaka, ananta zraddhA ke kendra upAdhyAya pravara pa. pU. gurudeva zrI maNiprabhasAgarajI ma.sA. kI asIma anukampA se hI prastuta iii

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kRti itanI alpAvadhi meM sAnanda sampUrNa huI hai| prakhara meghAvI, mama preraNA ke srota, mahAmanasvI panyAsa pravara pa. pU. paM. agrajana bhrAtA zrI kIrticandavijayajI ma.sA. kI ananya kRpAdRSTi ke suprasAda se hI prastuta zodha kArya isa rUpa meM prastuta ho sakA hai| zodha grantha kI pUrNatA kI isa pAvana velA meM mama jIvana uddhArikA kuzala mArga nirdezikA, mama jIvana nirmAtrI, mere jIvanopavana meM saMyama ke puSpa mahakAne vAlI pa.pU. guruvaryA zrI sulocanAzrIjI ma.sA. tathA Atmarasa nimagnA pa.pU. sulakSaNAzrIjI ma.sA. ke pAvana pAda prasUnoM meM zraddhAbhiSikta vandanA samarpita karatI huuN| prastuta zodha prabandha guruvaryAzrI ke saMjIvana-sama amogha asIma AzIrvAda evaM snehavAtsalya kA hI suphala hai| pUjyAzrI se hI mujhe adhyAtma viSaya cayana kI preraNA samprApta huii| ApazrI ke antarhRdaya ke asIma snehavAtsalya ke sahAre hI yaha kArya maiM sucArU rUpa se sampanna kara pAI huuN| ApazrI kI preraNA, kRpA tathA mArgadarzana ke abhAva meM prastuta kArya azakya thaa| mere kartavya bodha ko jAgrata karane kA sampUrNa zreya pUjyAzrI ko hI jAtA hai| ve hI isa samagra kRtitva kI prANa haiN| unhIM ke prasAda se mere hRdaya meM zrutasAdhanA kA dIpa prajvalita huA hai| prastuta zodha prabandha kI parisamApti ke suavasara para maiM prazAntamanA sahayoginI gurubhaginI pa.pU. prItisudhAzrIjI ma.sA., prakhara meghAvI pa.pU. prItiyazAzrIjI ma.sA., sadjJAna saritA priyakalpanAzrIjI, snehasiktA priyaraMjanAzrIjI, priyazraddhAMjanAzrIjI, priyasnehAMjanAzrIjI, priyasaumyAMjanAzrIjI, priyadivyAMjanAzrIjI, priyasvarNAjanAzrIjI, priyazrutAMjanAzrIjI, priyazubhAMjanAzrIjI, priyadarzAjanAzrIjI, priyajJAnAMjanAzrIjI, priyadakSAMjanAzrIjI, priyazreSThAMjanAzrIjI, priyavarSAMjanAzrIjI aura priyameghAMjanAzrIjI, kA madhura smaraNa kiye binA nahIM raha sktii| nirantara snehAmRta kI varSA karane vAlI, zAnta, saumya, sarala, sahaja tathA jyeSThA bhaginI zrI priyasmitAzrIjI ma.sA. ne dhArmika, sAmAjika tathA vyavahArika jimmedArI ko nibhAte hue mujhe adhyayana karane kA adhikAdhika avasara pradAna kiyA, yaha unakI udAratA hai|

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Apane svaccha kaoNpI taiyAra karane evaM lekhana kAryoM meM mere lie amUlya samaya arpita kiyaa| prastuta zodha prabandha ke isa rUpa ko prApta karane meM ApakA AtmIyatApUrNa sahayoga evaM satata preraNA rahI hai, jise na to bhulAyA jA sakatA hai aura na hI zabdoM dvArA abhivyakta kiyA jA sakatA hai| sahRdayA, prakhara vyAkhyAtrI bhaginI zrI pa.pU. priyalatAzrIjI jinakI prastuta zodha prabandha meM sadaiva preraNA evaM sevAe~ rahI haiM, usakA maiM kahA~ taka varNana kruuN| Apane apanI asvasthatA ke bAvajUda tathA apanI pIeca.DI. ke kArya meM vyasta hote hue bhI apane kArya ko chor3akara pahale mere kArya meM pUrNa sahayoga dene kA kaSTa kiyA hai| yahI ApakI saralatA, udAratA, AtmIyatA evaM sahayoga samanvaya bhAvanA kA hI pratIka hai| ___ ananya sevAbhAvI priyaprekSAMjanAzrIjI aura adhyayanaratA priyazreyAMjanAzrIjI kA bhI isa zodhakArya kI pUrNatA meM satat sahayoga rahA hai| ina donoM ne bI.e. kA adhyayana karate hue bhI vaiyAvacca Adi kI anukUlatA kA sakriyatApUrvaka pUrNa dhyAna rkhaa| ina sabhI guru bahanoM ke AtmIyatApUrNa sneha, sadbhAvanA tathA sadpreraNA se inhIM ke pAvana sAnidhya meM yaha kArya sampanna huaa| maiM unake prati hArdika kRtajJatA jJApita karatI huuN| ema.e. kI parIkSA uttIrNa karane ke pazcAt maiMne tathA priyalatAzrIjI ma.sA. ne pIeca.DI. karane kA dRr3ha nizcaya kiyaa| etadartha hamane prasiddha antarrASTrIya vidvAna, bhAratIya saMskRti ke saMvAhaka, AgamavettA, pArzvanAtha vidyApITha, vArANasI ke pUrva nirdezaka tathA prAcya vidyApITha, zAjApura ke saMsthApaka DaoN. sAgaramalajI jaina se samparka kiyaa| Arambha meM DaoN. sAhaba se dUrabhASa ke mAdhyama se hI vicAra-vinimaya hotA rhaa| bAda meM jayapura Agamana ke avasara para Apane adhyAtma meM merI abhiruci dekhakara mujhe 'jainadarzana meM samatvayoga' viSaya para zodhakArya karane kA nirdeza diyaa| ukta viSaya ke nizcita hone para mujhe atIva prasannatA huii| mere prabala puNyodaya yA DaoN. sAhaba kI kRpA se vizvabhAratI saMsthAna, lADanUM ke dvArA viSaya kI svIkRti bhI pradAna kara dI gii| mere zodhakArya kI paripUrNatA kA sampUrNa zreya prakhyAta manISI,

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nirdezaka mahodaya, zrI DaoN. sAgaramalajI ko jAtA hai| unhoMne apanI tamAma vyastatAoM evaM uttaradAyitvoM se samaya nikAlakara merA nirantara mArgadarzana kiyA tathA AdhyAtmika viSaya ko spaSTa karake sarala tathA sugama bnaayaa| DaoN. sAhaba parama prakhara vyaktitva ke dhanI prakANDa vidvAna hokara bhI atyanta sarala, sahaja, sahRdaya evaM udAra haiN| ve artha evaM yaza kI lipsA se pUrNataH mukta haiN| unhoMne mujhe sarvadA adhikAdhika mUla granthoM kA anuzIlana kara pramANoM evaM yuktiyoM ke AdhAra para zodhakArya karane kA nirdeza diyaa| Apane apane svAsthya kI cintA kiye binA adhikAdhika samaya nikAlakara nisvArtha sevAe~ pradAna kI tathA zodhakArya ko pUrNatA taka phuNcaayaa| ApakI isa mahatI udAratA, sahaja anukampA tathA jJAnAnurAga ke prati kRtajJatA jJApita karane ke lie mere pAsa zabda nahIM haiN| unhoMne zodha viSaya ko adhikAdhika prAsaMgika evaM upAdeya banAne hetu satata mArgadarzana kiyaa| DaoN. sAgaramalajI atyanta sarala, sahaja, udAra tathA niHsvArtha sevAbhAvI haiN| yadyapi ve nAmaspRhA ke lezamAtra bhI abhilASI nahIM haiM; tathApi isa zodhakArya ke sUtradhAra hone se unakA nAma prastuta kRti ke sAtha svataH hI jur3a gayA hai| ve mere zodha-prabandha ke mAtra nidezaka hI nahIM hai, varan mere AtmavizvAsa ke pratiSThApaka bhI haiN| unhoMne mujhe sadaiva parizramapUrvaka zodhakArya karane kI preraNA pradAna kii| isa vRddhAvasthA meM bhI Apane zArIrika kaSToM kI paravAha kiye binA niyamita mArgadarzana tathA kAryAvalokana karake prastuta zodhakArya ko pUrNatA pradAna kii| isa hetu maiM Apake prati hRdaya ke antastala se bhAvabhInI kRtajJatA jJApita karatI huuN| svAdhyAya saMyukta, saralatA, sahajatA kI pratimUrti, yathAnAma tathA guNoM se suzobhita, jainadarzana ke gahana adhyetA DaoN. jJAnajI jaina ko maiM vismRta nahIM kara sakatI huuN| kyoMki graMtha cennaI presa meM chapa rahA thA aura hamArA cAturmAsa beMgalaura thA isI daramiyAna prupha lekara sahaz2a hI jAnA-AnA hotA rahA aura apanA amUlya samaya pradAnakara isa kRti meM truTiyA~ na raha jAyeM, usa para pUrA-pUrA dhyAna kendrita karate hue sampAdana kiyaa| Apake nirmala, nizcala sahayoga ke prati maiM tahe dila se savinaya praNata huuN| vi

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isa zodha-sAmagrI ko kampyuTarAijDa karane meM ananya niHsvArtha sevAbhAvI, agAdha jJAnapremI, deva guru bhakta suzrAvakaratna zrImAna navInajI sA bujurgAvasthA ke sAtha-sAtha svAsthya kI asvasthatA hote huye bhI niraMtara vaiziSTya yogadAna prApta huaa| ApameM jinazAsana ke prati apUrva samarpaNa ke darzana hue| Apa kahA karate the Apa. donoM ke zodhagraMtha ke TAipa kA sArA kArya maiM karUMgA va sampUrNa urjA lagAkara kArya pUrNa kiyaa| dhanya hai ApakI mahAnatA ko, Apake vAtsalyasikta bhAvoM ke prati maiM hArdika kRtajJatA jJApita karatI huuN| isa graMtha prakAzana meM zruta sahayogI jina zAsana samarpita, udArahRdayI, zAntamUrti, bhAgyazAlI zrAvakaratna zrImAna ghevaracandajI sAkariyA kI sevAbhAvanAaiM prazaMsanIya, atulanIya va anumodanIya hai| Apa sAdhuvAda ke pAtra hai| zruta sahayoga karake Apane apanI udAratA kA paricaya diyA hai evaM jina zAsana kA gaurava baDhAyA hai| etadartha maiM unakI bhI hRdaya se AbhArI huuN| prastuta zodhakArya ke lie jaba hamArA zAjApura Agamana huA to yahA~ pUrva se zodhakArya meM rata sAdhvI zrI darzanakalAzrIjI Adi ThANA pA~ca kA sAnidhya bhI hameM lagabhaga ATha mAha taka sahaja hI prApta huaa| saha-adhyayana meM unakA sarala evaM sahaja AtmIya vyavahAra sadaiva hI smaraNIya rhegaa| zAjApura zrIsaMgha ke sadasyoM kA sneha evaM AtmIyatAyukta vyavahAra mere isa zodhakArya kA anupama sambala hai| yahA~ kA zAnta, svastha evaM zItala vAtAvaraNa mere mana ko bhA gayA, jo mere jJAna-dhyAna aura tapa-ArAdhanA meM sahAyaka bnaa| adhyayana karane hetu sucArU vyavasthA evaM Avazyaka grantha upalabdha hue| sabhI dharmAnurAgiyoM kI bhAvabhInI AtmIyatA sadaiva samprApta hotI rahI hai, jo mere smRti ke dharAtala para sadeva amiTa rhegii| sabhI kA bahuvidha sahayoga sarAhanIya hai| udAramanasvI pratibhA sampanna DaoN. vI.ke. zarmAjI evaM upAdhyAya bhUdevajI kA bhI isameM ananya sahayoga rahA hai| unheM dhanyavAda jJApita karatI huuN| zAjApura zrI saMgha ke adhyakSa paramAtmabhakti ke rasika, madhura gAyaka zrI lokendrajI nAreliyA, sammAnya zrI jJAnacandajI, zrI manojajI nAreliyA Adi kA bhI samaya-samaya para vii

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aTUTa sahayoga upalabdha hotA rahA hai| prastuta zodhagrantha kI kampyuTara kaoNpI taiyAra karane meM bhI sanilajI evaM rAjendrajI kA prAthamika sahayoga prApta huA hai| isa prupha rIDiMga evaM saMzodhana meM zrI caitanyakumArajI sonI, zAjApura vAloM kA bhI viziSTarUpa se sahayoga rahA hai| prastuta zodhaprabandha ina sabhI ke sahayoga kA hI suphala hai| yaha sahayoga mere smRti paTala se kabhI vismRta nahIM ho skegaa| isa kArya ko inhoMne anyanta parizrama se sampUrNa kiyA hai| inakI vyastatA adhika hone para bhI inhIM ke kAraNa prastuta zodhaprabandha kA mudraNa kArya zIghrAtizIghra ho pAyA hai| maiM inake prati antarhadaya se kRtajJatA jJApita karatI huuN| indaura nivAsI zrImAn hemantajI zekhAvata, zrI nandalAlajI sA. lUNiyA, zrImAn lUNakaraNajI sA. mehatA, zrImAn prakAzacandajI sA. mAlU Adi bhI samaya-samaya para yahA~ padhArakara isa zodhakArya meM protsAhana dete rahe haiN| etadartha ve sabhI bhI sAdhuvAda ke pAtra haiN| jodhapura, vijayanagara, indaura Adi ke kharataragaccha ke zrIsaMghoM kA bhI vividha kAryoM meM sahayoga prApta huA hai| isake lie maiM unake prati hArdika kRtajJatA jJApita karatI huuN| ___ samAja ke karmaTha sevAbhAvI zrI govindajI sA. mehatA, zrI uttamacandajI sA. baDera, zrI nemIcandajI sA. jhADacUra, zrI lAbhacandajI sA. jaina, zrI pravINajI sA. loDhA, mAtuzrI madanabAIsA. golecchA Adi kA bhI samaya-samaya para isa zodhakArya meM protsAhana evaM sahayoga upalabdha huA hai| ina sabake atirikta jinakA bhI prastuta zodhakArya ke praNayana meM mujhe pratyakSa evaM parokSa sahayoga upalabdha huA hai, una sabhI ke prati maiM hArdika kRtajJatA jJApita karatI huuN| prastuta kRti samabhAva kI sAdhanA hetu sAdhakoM ke lie upayogI siddha ho, isI zubhecchA ke sAtha, - sAdhvI priyvndnaashrii| viij

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1.1.1 1.1.2 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.6 1.7 1.8 1. 9 2.1 2.1.1 2.2 jaina darzana meM samatvayoga : eka samIkSAtmaka adhyayana anukramaNikA adhyAya 1 jaina sAdhanA meM samatvayoga kA sthAna jaina sAdhanA meM samatvayoga kA sthAna samatvayoga kI mahattA samatva kI sAdhanA hI dharma kI ArAdhanA hai yoga zabda kA artha samatva zabda kA artha samatva aura sAmAyika samatva aura samyaktva samatva aura vItarAgatA samatvayoga kA tAtparya samatva se vicalana ke kAraNa adhyAya 2 jainadarzana kA trividha sAdhanAmArga aura samatvayoga samyagdarzana aura samatvayoga ( samayaktva) kI AdhAra bhUmi -sama, saMvega, nirveda, anukampA evaM Astikya vaidika paramparA meM jJAna aura kriyA ke samanvaya se mukti jainadarzana kA trividha mokSamArga samyagdarzana samatvayoga kI AdhAra bhUmi samyagdarzana : vItarAgatA yA samatva ke prati ananya niSThA samyagjJAna kyA, kyoM aura kaise samyagjJAna aura samyagdarzana kA pUrvAparatva G 10 14 21 24 26 29 31 35 PS PS PS x x x x 43 47 47 49 53 58 59

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62 2.2.1 2.2.2 68 2.3.1 74 75 7da 84 samyagajJAna (Atma-anAtma viveka) bhedavijJAna kA svarUpa samyakcAritra samyakcAritra kI sAdhanA samatvayoga kI AdhArabhUmi cAritra ke dvividha bheda jainadharma meM gRhastha-sAdhanA kA sthAna zramaNa aura gRhastha jIvana kI sAdhanA meM antara gRhastha dharma kI vivecana zailI gRhastha sAdhakoM ke do prakAra tIna aNuvrata cAra zikSAvrata zrAvaka kI gyAraha pratimAoM kA svarUpa aura samatva kI sAdhanA zramaNa dharma jaina zramaNoM ke prakAra jaina zramaNa ke mUlaguNa paMcamahAvrata ahiMsA mahAvrata mRSAvAda (satya-mahAvrata) asteya mahAvrata brahmacarya mahAvrata aparigraha mahAvrata aSTapravacanamAtA : samiti gupti samiti gupti pariSaha dazavidha muni dharma bAraha bhAvanA (anuprekSA) sAmAyika cAritra evaM samatvayoga kI sAdhanA 103 107 110 111 112 114 118 120 121 2.3.2

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3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4 adhyAya 3 samatvayoga : sAdhaka, sAdhya aura sAdhanA samatvayoga meM sAdhya, sAdhaka aura sAdhanAmArga kA pArasparika saMbaMdha 131 samatvayoga kA sAdhya samabhAva kI upalabdhi 137 samatvayoga ke sAdhaka kA svarUpa 141 samatvayoga kI sAdhanA ke vibhinna caraNa 143 1. mithyAtva guNasthAna 147 2. sAsvAdana guNasthAna 151 3. mizra guNasthAna 153 4.avirata samyagdRSTi guNasthAna 154 5. dezavirata samyagdRSTi guNasthAna 156 6. pramatta sarvavirata samyagdRSTi guNasthAna 158 7. apramattasaMyata guNasthAna 159 8. apUrvakaraNa (nivRttikaraNa) guNasthAna 9. anivRttikaraNa (bAdara-samparAya guNasthAna) 10. sUkSma samparAya guNasthAna 163 11. upazAnta moha guNasthAna 164 12. kSINa moha guNasthAna 13. sayogI kevalI guNasthAna 166 14. ayogI kevalI guNasthAna 167 samatvayogoga aura sAmAyika sAmAyika zabda ke vibhinna artha 170 sAmAyika kA zabdArtha SaDAvazyaka aura samatvayoga kI sAdhanA 1. sAmAyika 176 2. caturviMzatistava (bhakti) 3. vandana 180 160 162 165 169 171 173 178

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182 187 189 192 4. pratikramaNa 5. kAyotsarga 6. pratyAkhyAna sAmAyika arthAt samatvayoga ke lakSaNa sAmAyika kA svarUpa sAmAyika meM laganevAle doSa sAmAyika kI sAdhanA ke vividha prakAra ___samatvayoga kI sAdhanA vidhi 194 198 202 3.6 3.7 215 m 219 223 @ 4.3 226 227 228 adhyAya 4 samatvayoga kI vaiyaktika evaM sAmAjika sAdhanA samatva kI vaiyaktika sAdhanA sAmAjika viSamatA ke kAraNa vaiyaktika aura sAmAjika jIvana ke saMgharSa 1. manovRttiyoM kA Antarika saMgharSa 2. vyakti kI Antarika abhirUciyoM aura bAhya paristhitiyoM kA saMgharSa 3. vaiyaktika hita aura sAmAjika hita (vyakti aura samAja ke mata) saMgharSa samAjoM ke pArasparika saMgharSa jaina dharma meM varNa vyavasthA sAmAjika vaiSamya ke nirAkaraNa kA AdhAra ahiMsA vaicArika vaiSamya ke nirAkaraNa kA sUtra anekAnta Arthika vaiSamya ke kAraNa aura aparigraha dvArA unakA nirAkaraNa mAnasika vaiSamya ke nirAkaraNa kA upAya : anAsakti samatvayoga : vItarAgatA kI sAdhanA samatva aura mokSa 229 4.4 231 234 4.5 235 4.6 236 4.7 246 254 4.8 4.9 4.10 257 259

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4.11 261 264 268 272 samatva kI sAdhanA aura bAraha bhAvanAe~ evaM cAra anuprekSAe~ 1. anitya bhAvanA 2. azaraNa bhAvanA 3. saMsAra bhAvanA 4. ekatva bhAvanA 5. anyatva bhAvanA 6. azuci bhAvanA 7. Asrava bhAvanA 8. saMvara bhAvanA 9. nirjarA bhAvanA 10. loka bhAvanA 11. dharma bhAvanA 12. bodhidurlabha bhAvanA cAra bhAvanAe~ 1. maitrI bhAvanA 2. pramoda bhAvanA 3. kArUNya bhAvanA 4. mAdhyastha bhAvanA samatvayoga aura dhyAna sAdhanA 275 277 282 284 286 289 292 293 294 296 298 299 W // 0 W 8 W 0 4.12 adhyAya 5 samatvayoga kA tulanAtmaka adhyayana 5.1 upaniSadoM meM samatvayoga 4.1.1 zrImadbhagavadgItA meM samatvayoga 5.1.2 mahAbhArata meM samatvayoga bauddhadarzana meM samatvayoga jainadarzana ke samatvayogI aura gItA ke sthitaprajJa kA 319 326 333

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338 5.4 5.5 tulanAtmaka adhyayana bauddhadarzana arthAt arhat kA svarUpa gItA ke sthitaprajJa ke lakSaNa tulanAtmaka 340 342 adhyAya 6 Adhunika manovijJAna aura samatvayoga vikSobhoM aura tanAvoM ke manovaijJAnika evaM vaiyaktika kAraNa vikSobhoM aura tanAvoM ke sAAmajika kAraNa dvandva nirAkaraNa kI pravidhiyA~ 345 346 358 6.3 adhyAya 7 : upasaMhAra upasaMhAra 361 sahAyaka grantha sUcI 369

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bhagavAna mahAvIra aura caNDakauzika nAga For Private & Personal use only dalin Education International

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adhyAya 1 jaina sAdhanA meM samatvayoga kA sthAna 1.1.1 jaina sAdhanA meM samatvayoga kA sthAna samatvayoga sAdhanA kA kendrIya tattva hai| jaina sAdhanA ko yadi eka hI vAkya meM abhihita karanA ho to vaha samabhAva yA sAmAyika kI sAdhanA hai| samatvayoga (sAmAyika) kI sAdhanA jaina dharma kA 'atha' aura 'iti' hai| bhagavAna mahAvIra ne bhagavatIsUtra meM spaSTa rUpa se kahA hai ki "AtmA samatva (sAmAyika) rUpa hai aura usa samatva (samabhAva) ko jIvana meM upalabdha kara lenA hI sampUrNa sAdhanA kA artha yA prayojana hai|"' AcArAMgasUtra meM kahA gayA hai ki Arya janoM ne samabhAva kI sAdhanA ko hI dharma kahA hai| jaina sAdhakoM ke jo chaH Avazyaka karttavya mAne gae haiM, unameM sAmAyika arthAt samatvayoga kA sthAna sarvopari hai| sAmAyika kI sAdhanA vastutaH samatvayoga kI sAdhanA hI hai| sAmAyika zabda sam upasargapUrvaka ay dhAtu se niSpanna hai| 'aya' ? (i-dhi-e+a=ay) dhAtu ke tIna artha haiM jJAna, gamana aura praapnn| prApaNa zabda prApti yA upalabdhi kA vAcaka hai| sam upasarga jJAnArthaka ay dhAtu kA artha hai ki hamArA jJAna samyak honA caahie| isI prakAra hamArI kriyA yA AcaraNa aura hamArI upalabdhi bhI samyak honI caahie| AcAra va vyavahAra samyak honA hI sAmAyika yA samatvayoga kI sAdhanA hai| sAmAyika zabda kA sAmAnya artha hai "jisase samabhAva kI prApti ho vaha sAmAyika hai|" dUsare zabdoM meM samabhAva kI dizA meM sAdhaka kI yAtrA hI sAmAyika hai| vastutaH sAmAyika zabda eka vyApaka artha rakhatA hai, jisameM ' 'AyAe samAie, AyA sAmAissa atttthe|' 2 'samiyAe dhamme AriyehiM pveie|' -bhagavatIsUtra 1/6/228 / -AcArAMgasUtrasUtra 1/5/3/157 /

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jaina darzana meM samatvayoga kI sAdhanA samyagjJAna, samyagdarzana tathA samyak-cAritra tInoM hI samAe hue haiN| isaliye Avazyaka niyukti meM sAmAyika ke tIna prakAra batAe gae haiM - 1. samyaktva-sAmAyika; 2. zruta-sAmAyika aura 3. caaritr-saamaayik| yahA~ samyaktva-sAmAyika kA artha samyagdarzana; zruta-sAmAyika kA artha hai samyagjJAna aura cAritra-sAmAyika kA artha hai smyk-caaritr| vastutaH manovaijJAnika dRSTi se hamArI cetanA ke tIna pakSa haiM - anubhava karanA, jAnanA aura saMkalpa karanA evam ina tInoM pakSoM ko hI jainadarzana meM kramazaH darzana, jJAna evaM cAritra ke nAma se abhihita kiyA gayA hai| manovaijJAnika dRSTi se kaheM to cittavRtti kA samatva, buddhi kA samatva aura AcaraNa kA samatva hI sAmAyika kI sAdhanA hai aura ise hI samatvayoga kI sAdhanA bhI kahA jA sakatA hai| vastutaH samyagdarzana, samyagjJAna aura samyak-cAritra kI sAdhanA mAnavIya cetanA ke tInoM pakSoM arthAt anubhUti, jJAna aura saMkalpa ko samatvapUrNa yA samyak banAe rakhane kA prayAsa hai aura yahI samatvayoga kI sAdhanA hai jaina-sAhitya meM aise saikar3oM sandarbha upalabdha haiM, jinase yaha siddha hotA hai ki samatvayoga kI sAdhanA hI jaina sAdhanA kA AdhArabhUta kendrIya tatva hai| AcArya haribhadra spaSTa rUpa se kahate haiM ki vyakti cAhe zvetAmbara ho, digambara ho, bauddha ho athavA anya kisI dharma ko mAnane vAlA ho, yadi vaha samabhAva kI sAdhanA karatA hai to vaha mukti ko avazya prApta karatA hai| yahA~ hama dekhate haiM ki samadarzI AcArya haribhadra ne spaSTa rUpa se yaha pratipAdita karane kA prayatna kiyA hai ki yadi mokSa kI upalabdhi kA koI mArga hai to vaha mAtra samabhAva yA samatvayoga kI sAdhanA hai| AcArya haribhadra kA yaha kathana hI hamAre isa samagra pratipAdana kA mUla AdhAra hai ki samatvayoga kI sAdhanA jaina dharma-darzana kA 3 Avazyakaniyukti, 766 / _ 'seyambaro vA Asambaro vA buddho vA taheva anno vA samabhAva bhAviyappA lahai mukkhaM na saMdehA / / ' -AcArya haribhadra /

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jaina sAdhanA meM samatvayoga kA sthAna kendrIya tatva hai / ' jaina sAdhanA meM samatvayoga kA jo sthAna evaM mahattva hai use aneka AdhAroM se puSTa kiyA jA sakatA hai| samatvayoga yA sAmAyika kI sAdhanA kA mahattva batAte hue jainAcAryoM ne aneka udAharaNa diye haiM / yathA arthAt eka vyakti pratidina lAkha-lAkha svarNa mudrAoM kA dAna karatA hai aura dUsarA samatvayoga kI sAdhanA karatA hai / ina donoM meM svarNa mudrAoM kA dAna karane vAlA vyakti samatvayoga kI sAdhanA kI samAnatA nahIM kara sakatA / 6 arthAt karor3oM varSoM taka satata ugra tapasyA karanevAlA sAdhaka jina karmoM ko naSTa nahIM kara sakatA, unhIM karmoM ko samabhAvapUrvaka sAdhanA karane vAlA sAdhaka mAtra Adhe hI kSaNa meM nirjarita kara sakatA hai / 7 - 'divase divase lakkhaM, dei suvaNNassa khaMDiyaM ego / ego puNa sAmAiyaM, karei na pahuppae tassa / / t cAhe koI vyakti kitanA hI tIvra tapa tape, japa jape yA muni avasthA kA dhAraNa kara sthUla kriyAkANDa rUpa cAritra kA pAlana kare parantu samatA bhAva ke binA mokSa kI prApti nahIM ho sakatI / t 'tivvatavaM tavamANe, jaM navi niTTavai jammakoDIhiM / taM samabhAviacitto, khavei kammaM khaNAddheNa / / 'kiM tivveNa taveNaM, kiM ca javeNaM kiM caritteNa / samayAi viNa mukkho, na hu huo kahavi na hu hoi / / " 'je kevi gayA mokkhaM, je vi ya gacchanti je gamissanti / te savve sAmAiya-pabhAveNa tti muNeyavvaM / / 'samadarzI' pR. 86 / sAmAyikasUtra (amaramuni) pR. 77 se udadhRt / vahI / vahI pR. 78 / sAmAyikasUtra (amaramuni) pR. 78 / -vahI /

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jaina darzana meM samatvayoga kI sAdhanA arthAt Aja taka jo bhI sAdhaka atItakAla meM mokSa ko prApta hue haiM, vartamAna meM ho rahe haiM aura bhaviSya meM hoMge yaha saba samatvayoga (sAmAyika) kI sAdhanA kA hI prabhAva hai| AcArya hemacandra yogazAstra meM likhate haiM ki rAga-dveSa para vijaya prApta karane ko hI samabhAva kI sAdhanA kahate haiN| ina para vijaya kI prApti kA mArga batAte hue ve kahate haiM ki tIvra Ananda ko utpanna karanevAle samabhAvadRSTi jala meM avagAhana karane vAle sAdhaka kI rAga-dveSa rUpI agni sahaja hI naSTa ho jAtI hai|" samatva ke avalambana se antarmuhUrta meM jo karma kSINa ho sakate haiM, ve tIvra tapasyA se karor3oM janmoM meM bhI naSTa nahIM ho skte|2 jaise Apasa meM do vastu cipakI huI hoM to bA~sa Adi kI salAI se pRthak kI jAtI hai, usI prakAra paraspara baddha AtmA aura karma ko munijana samatva bhAva kI zalAkA se pRthak kara dete haiN|3 samabhAva rUpI sUrya ke dvArA rAga-dveSa aura moha dRSTi timira kA nAza karake yogI apanI AtmA meM paramAtmA ko dekhane lagatA hai arthAt vaha AtmAnubhUti kara letA hai| isa prakAra jaina-sAdhanA meM samatvayoga kA mahattvapUrNa sthAna hai, yaha siddha hotA hai|" jaina-AgamoM meM samatvayoga jainAgamoM meM samatvayoga sambandhI aneka nirdeza milate haiN| AcArAMgasUtra meM kahA gayA hai ki mahApuruSoM ne samabhAva meM dharma -yogazAstra 4 / -vahI / 10 'astatandairataH pumbhinirvANapadakAMkSibhiH / vidhAtavyaH samatvena rAgadveSadviSajjayaH / / 46 / / 11 'amandAnandajanane sAmyarvAraNi majjatAm / jAyate sahasA puMsA, rAgadveSamalakSayaH / / 50 / / ' 12 'praNihanti kSaNArdhena, sAmyamAlambya karma tat / / ___ yanna hanyAnarastIvratapasA janmakoTibhiH / / 51 / / ' 13 'karmajIvaM ca saMzliSTaM parijJAtAtmanizcayaH / / vibhinnI kurute sAdhuH sAmAyikazalAkayA / / 52 / / ' 14 'rAgAdidhvAntavidhvaMse, . kRte sAmAyikAMzunA / svasmin svarUpaM pazyanti yoginaH paramAtmanaH / / 53 / / ' -vahI / -vhii| -vahI /

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jaina sAdhanA meM samatvayoga kA sthAna 15 kahA hai / 5 17 sAdhaka sadaiva samabhAva meM rahe, na jIne kI AkAMkSA kare aura na marane kI kAmanA kare, vaha donoM meM samabhAva rkhe| zarIra aura indriyoM ke klAnta hone para bhI sAdhaka samabhAva meM rahe / sAdhaka mana ko avicalita arthAt ekAgra banAe rkhe|" sAdhaka Abhyantara evam bAhya sabhI karmoM kA kSaya karake samabhAva meM jIne kA abhyAsa kare / vizva ke samasta prANiyoM ke prati samAna bhAva rakhanA tathA unheM Atmatulya samajhanA hI samabhAva kI sAdhanA hai / jo samabhAva kI sAdhanA karatA hai vahI zramaNa hai / 20 vastutaH samatAmaya jIvana jIne kI kalA hI samatvayoga kI sAdhanA hai / c||' tRNa aura kaMcana, zatru aura mitra Adi viSamatAoM ke prasaMgoM meM samabhAva se apane citta ko Asakti rahita rakhanA aura ucita pravRtti karanA hI samatvayoga kI sAdhanA hai / " 17 kahA bhI gayA hai : jo kisI ke prati na rAga karatA hai aura na dveSa karatA hai, apitu samabhAva meM rahatA hai vahI zramaNa hai / 22 18 'samabhAvo sAmAiyaM taNa - kaMcanasattu - mitta-visautti NirabhisaMgacittaM ucitapavitti pahANaM 15 'samiyAe dhamme AriyehiM paveie || 157 / / ' 16 jIviyaM NAbhikaMkhejjA maraNaM Novi patthae / duhatovi Na sajjejjA jIvite maraNe tahA / / 'iMdiehiM gilAyaMte samiyaM sAhare muNI / tahAvi se agari acale je samAhie / ' 16 20 21 'duHkhe sukhe vairiNi bandhuvarge yoge-viyoge bhuvane vane vA nirAkRtAzeSamamatvabuddheH samaM mano me'stu sadA'pi nAtha / / ' "he prabhu, merA mana mamatva buddhi se rahita hokara sukha-duHkha, 5 AcArAMgasUtra 1/2/3/75 | 'gaMthehiM vivittehiN AyukAlassa pArae / paggahIyataraMga ceyaM daviyassa viyANato / ' praznavyAkaraNasUtra 2/4 | bodhapAhuDa 46 / 22 'samiyAe sapaNo hoi' / - AcArAMgasUtra 1/5/3 / -vahI 1/8/8/16 | -vahI 1/8/8/26 | - uttarAdhyayanasUtra 25 / 32 /

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jaina darzana meM samatvayoga kI sAdhanA vairI-bandhu, saMyoga-viyoga, bhuvana-vana Adi viSamatAoM meM bhI samatva kA anubhava kre|"23 cetanA kI dRSTi se prANImAtra samAna hai; cAhe vaha manuSya ho, hAthI yA kunthuA ho| ataH sabhI zarIradhArI jIvoM ke prati samAna vyavahAra karanA caahie| isa prakAra jaina dharma-darzana kA nirdeza yaha hai ki jagat ke sabhI prANiyoM ko Atmavat samajhakara unake prati vyavahAra karanA caahie| vicAroM ke kSetra meM anAgraha aura AcAra ke kSetra meM tRSNA yA Asakti tathA rAga-dveSa ke pratyayoM se Upara uThanA - yahI samatvayoga kI sAdhanA hai| saMkSepa meM sukha-duHkha, lAbha-alAbha, jIvana-maraNa Adi anukUla-pratikUla paristhitiyoM meM sadaiva samabhAva rakhanA yahI jaina dharma kI samatvayoga kI sAdhanA hai aura yahI samagra sAdhanA kA sAra tattva hai| samatvayoga AkAza kI taraha vyApaka hai| yaha anya samasta guNoM ke liye AdhArabhUta hai| samatvavihIna vyakti kisI bhI gaNa kA vikAsa nahIM kara pAtA hai| samatvayukta AtmA ke jJAna, darzana aura cAritra samyagjJAna, samyagdarzana aura samyak-cAritra bana jAte haiN| vyakti AtmalakSI sAdhanA se hI siddhi prApta kara sakatA hai aura isa AtmalakSI sAdhanA kA AdhAra sAmAyika yA samatvayoga hI hai| na kevala jainadarzana meM apitu anya bhAratIya dharma-darzanoM meM bhI isa samatvayoga kI sAdhanA ke nirdeza upalabdha hote haiN| gItA meM yoga kI paribhASA dete hue kahA gayA hai ki samatva kI sAdhanA hI yoga hai| zrImadbhAgavata meM kahA gayA hai ki samatva kI ArAdhanA hI acyuta arthAt paramAtmA kI ArAdhanA hai| 23 (ka) 'samma meM savsabhUdesu vera majjhaM Na keNavi / AsAe vosarittA NaM samAhi paDivajjae / / -niyamasAra 201/104 / (kha) amitagati -sAmAyikapATha 3 / bhagavatIsUtra 7/8 / 25 'jaina bauddha aura gItA ke AcAra darzanoM kA tulanAtmaka adhyayana' bhAga 2 pR. 7 / -DaoN. sAgaramala jaina / 26 'samatvaM yoga ucyate' -gItA 2/48 /

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jaina sAdhanA meM samatvayoga kA sthAna 1.1.2 samatvayoga kI mahattA jaina sAdhanA meM samatvayoga kA kyA mahattva aura sthAna hai ? isakA eka sundara citraNa AcArya zubhacandra ne apane jJAnArNava nAmaka grantha ke 24 veM sarga meM kiyA hai| ve likhate haiM ki rAga-dveSa aura moha ke abhAva meM samatAbhAva prakaTa hotA hai| isa samatAbhAva ke dvArA hI mokSa ke kAraNabhUta dhyAna kI siddhi hotI hai| moharupI agni ko bujhAne ke lie aura saMyamarUpI lakSmI ko prApta karane ke lie tathA rAgarUpa vRkSa ko samUlataH kATane ke liye samatva kA Alambana Avazyaka hai|7. AcArya zubhacandra ke anusAra jisa puruSa kA mana citta aura acitta tathA iSTa aura aniSTa padArthoM ke dvArA moha ko prApta nahIM hotA hai, vaha puruSa sAmya hai; yoga yA samatvayoga ko prApta hotA hai| "he Atman! tU kAmabhogoM se virakta hokara zarIra ke prati bhI Asakti ko chor3akara samatva kI upAsanA kara; kyoMki yaha samatva hI sarvajJa kA rUpa va jJAnalakSmI ko pradAna karanevAlA hai|"26 unakI dRSTi meM paramAtmapada kI prApti kevala samatvayoga se hI sambhava hai| ve likhate haiM ki saMyamI muni samabhAva yA samatvayogarUpI sUrya kI kiraNoM se rAgAdirUpI andhakAra ko naSTa karake apanI hI AtmA meM paramAtmasvarUpa kA avalokana karatA hai, arthAt paramAtmA ke svarUpa kA darzana samatvayoga ke dvArA hI sambhava hai|30 vyakti samatvayoga kA Alambana lekara hI apane zuddha AtmasvarUpa kA bodha karatA hai aura jIva tathA karma ko pRthak karatA hai| vastutaH jisakA samabhAvarUpI jala zuddha hai aura jJAna -jJAnArNava sarga 24 / -vhii| 27 'mohavalimapAkartuM svIkartuM saMyamazriyam / chettuM rAgadrumodyAnaM samatvamavalambyatAm / / 1 / / ' 28 'cidacillakSaNairbhAvariSTAniSTatayA sthitaiH / na muhyati manoyasya tasya sAmye sthitirbhavet' / / 2 / / 26 'virajya kAmabhogeSu vimucya vapuSi spRhAm / ___ samatvaM bhaja sarvajJajJAnalakSmIkulAspadam' / / 3 / / 30 'sAmyasUryAMzubhirbhinne rAgAditimirotkare / ___ prapazyati yamI svasminsvarUpaM-paramAtmanaH / / 5 / / ' 3" 'sAmyasImAnamAlambya kRtvAtmanyAtmanizcayam / pRthaka karoti vijJAnI saMzliSTe jIvakarmaNI / / 6 / / -vahI / -vhii| -vahI /

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jaina darzana meM samatvayoga kI sAdhanA hI netra hai, aise satpuruSa kA hI anantajJAnarUpI lakSmI varaNa karatI hai|32 tU samabhAva meM sthita hokara apane AtmasvarUpa kA dhyAna kara, jisase yaha AtmA rAga-dveSa Adi se AkrAnta na ho| yaha rAga-dveSarUpI vana moharUpI siMha ke rakSita haiN| samabhAvarUpI agni kI jvAlA hI ise dagdha karane meM samartha hai|23 jaba vyakti kI AtmA meM moharUpI kardama sUkha jAtA hai, taba rAgAdi ke bandhana bhI dUra ho jAte haiM aura vyakti ke citta meM jagat-pUjya samabhAvadRSTi lakSmI nivAsa karane lagatI hai| samabhAva yA samatvayoga kI sAdhanA se AzAdaSTi bela naSTa ho jAtI hai, avidyA vilIna ho jAtI hai aura vAsanArUpI sarpa mRtyu ko prApta ho jAtA hai| isa prakAra samatvayoga kI zakti mahAn hai| jo karma karor3oM varSoM taka tapa karane para bhI naSTa nahIM hote, unheM samatvarupI bhUmikA para ArUr3ha muni palaka jhapakane jitane kAla meM naSTa kara detA hai|6 samatva meM avasthita hone ko hI sarvajJa paramAtmA kA dhyAna kahA gayA hai| itanA hI nahIM AcArya zubhacandra to yahA~ taka kahate haiM ki zAstroM kA jo vistAra hai, vaha mAtra samatvayoga kI mahimA ko prakaTa karane ke liye hai| samatvabhAva se bhAvita AtmA ko jo sukha hotA hai, use jAnakara hI jJAnIjana samatvayoga kA avalambana lete haiN| jo vyakti apanI -vahI / -vahI / -vahI / 32 'sAmyavAriNizuddhAnAM satAM jJAnakacakSuSAm / ihaivAnantabodhAdirAjya lakSmIH sukhI bhavet / / 7 / / ' 'rAgAdivipinaM bhImaM mohazArdUlapAlitam / dagdhaM munimahAvIraiH sAmyadhUmadhvajArciSA / / 6 / / ' 'mohapake parikSINe zIrNe rAgAdibandhane / nRNAM hRdi padaM dhatte sAmyazrIvizvavanditA / / 10 / / ' 'AzAH sadyo vipadyante yAntyavidyAH kSayaM kSaNAt / mriyate cittabhogIndro yasya sA sAmyabhAvanA / / 11 / / ' ___ 'sAmyakoTi samArUDho yamI jayati karma yat / nimiSAntena tajjanmakoTibhistapasetaraH / / 12 / / ' 'sAmyameva paraM dhyAnaM praNItaM vizvadarzibhiH / tasyaiva vyaktaye nUnaM manye'yaM zAstravistaraH / / 13 / / 'sAmyabhAvitabhAvAnAM syAtsukhaM yanmanISiNAm / tanmanye jJAnasAmrAjyasamatvamavalambate / / 14 / / ' -vahI / -jJAnArNava sarga 24 / -vhii| -vhii|

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jaina sAdhanA meM samatvayoga kA sthAna Atmavizuddhi ko cAhatA hai; vaha apane mana ko samabhAva meM adhiSThita kre| isa samatva yA samabhAva kI prApti kaise hotI hai, ise spaSTa karate hue AcArya zubhacandra likhate haiM ki jaba AtmA audArika, taijasa va kArmaNa - ina tIna zarIroM ke prati apane rAgAdi bhAva kA tyAga karatI hai aura samasta paradravyoM aura parapayAryoM se apane vilakSaNa svasvarUpa kA nizcaya karatI hai, tabhI sAmyabhAva meM avasthita hotI hai|36 vastataH jo samabhAva meM avasthita hai, vahI avicala sukha aura avinAzI pada ko prApta karatA hai| isa prakAra AcArya zubhacandra kI dRSTi meM samasta sAdhanA kA adhiSThAna yadi koI hai, to vaha samatvayoga hI hai| ve samatvayoga ke mahattva ko spaSTa karate hue vistArapUrvaka likhate haiM ki samatvayoga ke prabhAva se hI paraspara vairabhAva rakhane vAle krUra jIva bhI apane vairabhAva ko bhUla jAte haiN| samatvayoga kI sAdhanA karanevAle muniyoM ke prabhAva se ve paraspara IrSyAbhAva ko chor3akara mitratA ko prApta hote heN|72 jisa prakAra varSA ke hone para vana meM lagA huA dAvAnala samApta ho jAtA hai, usI prakAra samatvayoga ke sAdhaka yogiyoM ke prabhAva se jIvoM ke krUrabhAva bhI zAnta ho jAte haiN|73 jisa prakAra agastya tAre ke udaya hone para zizira Rtu ke Agamana se jala nirmala ho jAtA hai, vaise hI samatvayukta yogiyoM ke -vahI / -vahI / 'tanutrayavinirmuktaM doSatrayavivarjitam / yadA vettyAtmanAtmAnaM tadA sAmye sthitirbhavet / / 16 / / azeSaparaparyAyairanyadravyairvilakSaNam / / nizcinoti yadAtmAnaM tadA sAmyaM prasUyate / / 17 / / ' 'tasyaivAvicalaM saukhyaM tasyaiva padamavyayam / tasyaiva bandhavizleSaH samatvaM yasya yoginaH / / 18 / / ' 'zAmyanti jantavaH krUrA baddhavairAH parasparam / api svArthe pravRttasya muneH sAmyaprabhAvataH / / 20 / / ' 'bhajanti jantavo maitrImanyo'nyaM tyaktamatsarAH / samatvAlambina prApya pAdapadmArcitAM kSitim / / 21 / / ' 'zAmyanti yogibhiH krUrAH jantavo neti zaMkayate / dAvadIptamivAraNyaM yathA vRSTairbalAhakaiH / / 22 / / ' -vahI / -vahI / -vahI /

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10 jaina darzana meM samatvayoga kI sAdhanA sAnnidhya se malina citta bhI nirmala ho jAtA hai|4 AcArya zubhacandra ke zabdoM meM cAhe acala parvata bhI calAyamAna ho jAye kintu sAmyayoga meM pratiSThita muni kA citta aneka upasargoM se bhI vicalita nahIM hotA hai| sAmyayoga ke vaibhava ko kahA~ taka kaheM, yadi bRhaspati bhI sthiracitta hokara kahanA cAhe to bhI vaha sAmyayoga ke mahattva ko nahIM kaha sktaa|6 AcArya zubhacandra ke uparyukta vacanoM se yaha spaSTa siddha hotA hai ki samatvayoga kI sAdhanA vAstavika sAdhanA hai| 1.2 samatva kI sAdhanA hI dharma kI ArAdhanA hai bhAratIya dArzanika cintana dharma para AdhArita hai| bhArata meM dharma aura darzana meM usa prakAra kA antara nahIM hai, jaisA Adhunika pAzcAtya cintana meM hai| bhAratIyadarzana dharma kI ArAdhanA ko hI mahattva detA hai| dharma zabda kA sAmAnya artha to yaha hai ki jisake dvArA niHzreyas kI siddhi hotI ho vahI, dharma hai| dUsare zabdoM meM jo hamAre AtmakalyANa meM sAdhaka hai, vahI dharma hai| eka anya paribhASA ke anusAra dharma vaha hai jo prajA ko dhAraNa karatA hai, arthAt jisase lokavyavahAra aura samAja-vyavasthA banI rahe, vahI dharma hai| yadi hama ina paribhASAoM ke sandarbha meM vicAra kareM to dharma kI ArAdhanA aura samatva kI sAdhanA eka dUsare se bhinna nahIM haiM; kyoMki samatva kI sAdhanA meM hI vyakti aura samAja donoM kA kalyANa nihita hai| vyakti kA niHzreyas bhI samatva para hI AdhArita -vahI / -vhii| 'bhavantyatiprasannAni kazmalAnyapi dehinAm / cetAMsi yogisaMsarge'gastyayoge jalAnivat / / 23 / / ' 45 'calatyacalamAleyaM kadAcidaivayogataH / nopasagairapi svAntaM muneH sAmyapratiSThitam / / 30 / / ' 'duSprajJAbalaluptavastunicayA vijJAnazUnyAzayA / vidyante pratimandiraM nijanijasvArthoditA dehinaH / / 32 / / AnandAmRtasindhuzIkaracayairnirvApya janmAnalaM / / ye muktervadanenduvIkSaNaparAste santi dvitrA yadi / / 33 / / ' 47 'yato niH zreyas siddhi saHdharmaH' 48 'dharmo dhArayati prajAH' -jJAnArNava sarga 24 / -vahI /

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jaina sAdhanA meM samatvayoga kA sthAna - 11 hai| sAmAjika samatva hI lokavyavasthA kA sAdhaka tatva hai| jIvana meM dharma kI abhivyakti tabhI sambhava hai jaba jIvana samatvapUrNa ho| yadi hama isa prazna para jaina dharma kI dRSTi se vicAra kareM, to hama yaha pAte haiM ki usameM dharma kI cAra prakAra kI paribhASAe~ upalabdha hotI haiN| kArtikeyAnuprekSA meM dharma kI paribhASA dete hue yaha kahA gayA hai ki prathamataH, vastu kA svabhAva hI dharma hai| dUsare, kSamA Adi dasa sadguNoM ko bhI dharma ke rUpa meM vyAkhyAyita kiyA gayA hai| tIsare, ratnatraya arthAt samyagdarzana, samyagjJAna aura samyak-cAritra ko dharma kahA gayA hai; to cauthe, jIvoM ke rakSaNa yA ahiMsA ko dharma kahA gayA hai| jaina dharma ke dvArA prastuta dharma kI ina paribhASAoM para DaoN. sAgaramala jaina ne apanI pustaka 'dharma kA marma' meM vistAra se prakAza DAlA hai aura yaha siddha karane kA prayatna kiyA hai ki ye cAroM paribhASAe~ eka dUsare se pRthak nahIM haiM; apita eka dUsare kI pUraka hI haiN| yahA~ hama unake usa grantha ko upajIvI mAnakara carcA karanA caaheNge| AcArya kArtikeya ne dharma kI prathama paribhASA vastu ke svabhAva ke rUpa meM dI hai| loka vyavahAra ke andara bhI hama dekhate haiM ki vastu ke svabhAva ko dharma kahA jAtA hai; jaise Aga kA dharma jalAnA aura pAnI kA dharma zItalatA hai, kintu yaha bAta to jar3adravyoM ke sambandha meM hii| hameM to cetana sattA yA Atmatatva ke svabhAva kA vicAra karanA hai| yadi hama yaha mAnate haiM ki vastu kA svabhAva hI dharma hai, to yaha prazna hogA ki AtmA kA svabhAva kyA hai ? AtmA ke svabhAva va lakSaNoM ko lekara jaina dArzanika sAhitya meM vistRta carcAe~ upalabdha hotI haiN| vahA~ yaha kahA gayA hai ki AtmA kA lakSaNa upayoga hai| upayoga se jJAnopayoga va darzanopayoga ye donoM hI gRhIta kie jAte haiN| sAmAnya zabdAvalI meM kaheM, to yahA~ AtmA kA lakSaNa jAnanA yA anubhava karanA yaha kahA gayA hai; kintu prastuta prasaMga meM hamAre liye yaha mahattvapUrNa nahIM hai| jaina Agama 46 'dhammo vatthusahAvo khamAdibhAvo ya dasaviho dhammo / rayaNattayaM ca dhammo, jIvANaM rakkhaNaM dhammo / / 476 / / 50 'dharma kA marma' (pArzvanAtha vidyAzrama, vaaraannsii)| -kArtikeyAnuprekSA / -DaoN. sAgaramala jaina /

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12 jaina darzana meM samatvayoga kI sAdhanA bhagavatIsUtra meM jaba bhagavAn mahAvIra se yaha pUchA gayA ki AtmA kyA hai aura AtmA kA prayojana yA lakSya kyA hai ? to unhoMne eka bhinna hI uttara diyA thaa| unhoMne kahA thA ki AtmA samatvayukta hai aura samatva ko prApta karanA yahI AtmA kA lakSya hai| isa prakAra yahA~ hama dekhate haiM ki bhagavAna mahAvIra ne samatva ko hI AtmA kA svabhAva batAyA thaa| yadi hama yaha svIkAra karate haiM ki vastu kA svabhAva hI dharma hai to hameM yaha mAnanA hogA ki samatva hI dharma hai; kyoMki vaha AtmA kA svabhAva hai| manovaijJAnika dRSTi se bhI vicAra kareM, to yaha spaSTa ho jAtA hai ki AtmA kA svabhAva samatva hai; kyoMki koI bhI vyakti tanAva meM jInA nahIM caahtaa| samatva hI dharma hai isa tathya ko bhagavAna mahAvIra ne AcArAMgasUtra meM bhI spaSTa kiyA hai| unhoMne kahA ki "Aryajana samabhAva meM dharma kahate haiN|"52 yadi AtmA kA svabhAva samatva hai aura samatva kI sAdhanA hI dharma hai, to isase hamArA yaha kathana puSTa hotA hai ki samatva kI sAdhanA hI dharma kI ArAdhanA hai| ___DaoN. sAgaramala jaina ne apane grantha 'jaina, bauddha aura gItA ke AcAradarzanoM kA tulanAtmaka adhyayana' meM "vastusvabhAvodharmaH" ko eka anya dRSTi se bhI paribhASita kiyA hai| unake anusAra hama saba manuSya haiM aura manuSya ke rUpa meM manuSyatva hI hamArA kendrIya tattva yA svabhAva hai| cAhe eka bAra hama AtmA kI sattA ko svIkAra kareM yA na kareM, lekina hameM yaha to svIkAra karanA par3egA ki eka manuSya ke rUpa meM mAnavatA hI hamArA saccA dharma hai| yadi manuSya manuSya nahIM hai, to vaha dhArmika bhI nahIM ho sktaa| ataH manuSyatva hI dhArmikatA kA mukhya AdhAra hai, kintu yahA~ hameM yaha vicAra karanA hogA ki manuSyatva kA samatva aura dhArmikatA se kyA sambandha hai ? Adhunika mAnavatAvAdI vicArakoM ne manuSya aura pazu jIvana ko lekara tIna kasauTiyA~ mAnI haiN| unake anusAra pazu jIvana kI apekSA manuSya ke jIvana meM tIna vizeSatAe~ hai - 55 'AyAe samAie, AyA sAmAissa aTTe / ' 52 'samAyAe dhamme AriyehiM / ' -bhagavatIsUtra 1/8/3/2 / -AcArAMgasUtra 157 /

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jaina sAdhanA meM samatvayoga kA sthAna 1. vivekazIlatA; 2. AtmasajagatA; aura 3. AtmasaMyama / ye tIna bAteM aisI haiM, jinakA pazuoM ke jIvana meM abhAva hotA hai / yadi manuSya meM ina bAtoM kA abhAva ho jAe, to vaha pazuvat hI samajhA jAtA hai / manuSya ko manuSya hone ke liye ina tIna guNoM se yukta honA Avazyaka hai / yahA~ yaha vicAra kareMge ki ina guNoM kA samatva kI sAdhanA se kyA sambandha hai / 13 mAnavIya guNoM meM pahalA sthAna vivekazIlatA kA hai / vivekazIlatA ke abhAva meM samatva kI sAdhanA sambhava nahIM hai / vivekazIla vyakti hI akAraNa utpanna honevAle tanAvoM se mukta raha sakatA hai aura tanAvoM se mukta rahanA yahI samatvayogI kI sAdhanA kA mukhya lakSaNa hai / vAsanA aura viveka ye do virodhI tatva haiM / jahA~ vAsanA hai vahA~ icchA aura AkAMkSAe~ banI raheMgI aura jahA~ icchA aura AkAMkSAe~ banI raheMgI vahA~ caitasika samatva sambhava nahIM hai / icchAe~ aura AkAMkSAe~ svayaM tanAva kI sthiti hai| isalie icchAoM aura AkAMkSAoM para niyantraNa hue binA samatvayoga kI sAdhanA sambhava nahIM hai / isaliye vivekazIlatA kA vikAsa samatvayoga kI sAdhanA ke liye Avazyaka hai / manuSya kA dUsarA guNa AtmasajagatA mAnA gayA hai / vAsanAe~ hamArI AtmasajagatA ko samApta kara detI haiN| pazuoM kA jIvana vAsanAoM yA mUla pravRttiyoM se saMcAlita hotA hai, jabaki manuSya kA jIvana viveka se saMcAlita hotA hai / viveka AtmasajagatA kI sthiti meM hI sambhava hai / yadi AtmasajagatA nahIM hogI, to viveka jAgrata nahIM rhegaa| viveka ko jAgrata rakhane ke lie AtmasajagatA Avazyaka hai| AtmasajagatA kA matalaba hai, hama jo kucha kara rahe haiM, usake sambandha meM sajaga rheN| hamArA vyavahAra mAtra andha pravRtti na bne| jo vyavahAra andha pravRttiyoM se yukta hotA hai vaha hamAre caitasika samatva ko sthApita karane meM sahAyaka nahIM hotA / cittavRttiyoM meM vicalana na ho, isake lie AtmasajagatA Avazyaka hai / dUsare, AtmasajagatA kI sthiti meM caittasika vikalpa niyantrita hone lagate haiN| citta kI vikalpapUrNa sthiti ko samApta karane ke liye AtmasajagatA Avazyaka hai| bhagavAna mahAvIra ke anusAra hamArA citta eka samaya meM do kArya nahIM kara sktaa| yadi vaha

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jaina darzana meM samatvayoga kI sAdhanA sajaga hai, to usameM vikalpa nahIM uttheNge| ataH vikalpoM se bacane ke liye AtmasajagatA Avazyaka hai| jaina pAribhASika zabdAvalI meM AtmA ko kartA-bhoktAbhAva se haTAkara jJAtA dRSTAbhAva meM sthApita karanA hI vAstavika sAdhanA hai / AtmA jaba jJAtA - dRSTA bhAva meM hotI hai, tabhI vaha samatva kI avasthA meM hotI hai / ataH samatva kI sAdhanA ke liye AtmasajagatA yA apramattatA Avazyaka hai| jise pAzcAtya vicAraka AtmasajagatA kaha rahe haiM; use hI jainadarzana apramattatA kahatA hai| jainadarzana ke anusAra apramattatA kA sAdhaka hI samatvayoga kI sAdhanA kA adhikArI hai / isa AdhAra para hama yaha kaha sakate haiM ki AtmasajagatA samatvayoga kI sAdhanA ke liye Avazyaka hai / mAnavatAvAdI vicArakoM ne manuSya kI tIsarI vizeSatA AtmasaMyama kI zakti mAnA hai / jaba taka jIvana meM vAsanAoM aura vRttiyoM ke niyantraNa kA prayatna nahIM hai taba taka cetanA meM samatva kI abhivyakti sambhava nahIM hai / saMyama kI sAdhanA se hI jIvana meM samatva kA vikAsa hotA hai / jisa vyakti kA apanI vAsanAoM aura indriyoM para niyantraNa nahIM hai, vaha sadaiva hI tanAvagrasta rahatA hai / tanAvoM se mukta rahane ke liye vAsanAoM aura indriyoM para niyantraNa Avazyaka hai / 14 isa prakAra hama dekhate haiM ki uparokta mAnavIya guNoM kI upasthiti meM hI samatva kI sAdhanA sambhava hai / ye mAnavIya guNa manuSya kA svabhAva hai / inake AdhAra para hI manuSya manuSya rahatA hai / yadi hama yaha mAnate haiM ki svabhAva hI dharma hai to hameM yaha mAnanA hogA ki manuSya ke liye uparokta tIna guNoM kI sAdhanA hI dhArmikatA kI sAdhanA hai aura ye tInoM guNa samatva kI sAdhanA ke sAtha jur3e hue haiN| inake abhAva meM samatva kI sAdhanA nahIM hotI / ataH hama kaha sakate haiM ki samatva kI sAdhanA hI dharma kI ArAdhanA hai| 1. 3 yoga zabda kA artha jaina sAdhanA ke sabhI viziSTa anuSThAnoM meM samatvayoga yA

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jaina sAdhanA meM samatvayoga kA sthAna sAmAyika kI sAdhanA prAthamika hai| samatvayoga zabda do zabdoM se banA hai - smtv+yog| prAcIna jaina Agama sAhitya meM yoga zabda mana, vacana aura kAyA kI gatividhiyoM kA sUcaka hai|3 tattvArthasUtra meM bhI mana, vacana aura kAyA ke vyApAra ko hI yoga kahA gayA hai|4 yogasUtra meM yogarUpa mana, vacana aura kAyA kI ina pravRttiyoM ko karmoM ke Asrava kA kAraNa bhI mAnA gayA hai|5 sarvArthasiddhi meM mana, vacana aura kAyA ke dvArA hone vAle AtmapradezoM ke parispandana ko yoga kahA hai|6 isa prakAra jaina paramparA meM yoga ko bandhana kA kAraNa batAyA gayA hai, kintu isake viparIta anya paramparAoM meM yoga ko mukti kA sAdhana mAnA jAtA hai| mukti ke sAdhana ke rUpa meM yoga zabda kI pratiSThA jaina paramparA meM AcArya haribhadrasUri ne hI sarvaprathama kI hai| unake anusAra yoga vaha hai jo AtmA ko mokSa se jor3atA hai| ve likhate haiM ki mokSa prApti ke liye jo dharmakriyA athavA vizuddha pravRtti kI. jAtI hai vaha dharma pravRtti yoga hai| isa prakAra jaina paramparA meM yoga zabda meM eka parivartana huA hai| kAlAntara meM vaha bandhana ke kAraNa ke sthAna para mukti kA kAraNa mAna liyA gayA hai| saMskRta bhASA kI dRSTi se yoga zabda 'yuj' dhAtu se banA hai| yuj dhAtu kA artha jor3anA hai| isa dhAtvArtha ke AdhAra para yoga zabda ke donoM hI artha kiye jA sakate haiN| jo AtmA ko karmoM se yA saMsAra se jor3atA hai, vaha yoga hai| jo AtmA ko mukti se jor3atA hai vaha yoga hai| prAcIna Agamika paramparA meM jahA~ yoga zabda ko saMsAra ke kAraNabhUta Asrava tattva kA vAcI mAnA vahIM AcArya haribhadra ne anya bhAratIya cintakoM ke samAna yoga ko mukti ke sAdhana ke rUpa meM svIkAra kiyaa| yadyapi AcArya haribhadra ke pUrva bhI kucha jaina granthoM meM yoga zabda dhyAna aura samAdhi ke vAcaka ke -tattvArthasUtra 6/1 / 53 sthAnAMgasUtra 3 / 54 'kAya-vAG-manaH karmayogaH' / 55 'manovAkkAyakarmANi yogAH karma zubhAzubham / ___ yadAzravanti jantUnAmazravAstena kIrtitAH / / 74 / / ' 56 sarvArthasiddhi 2/26 / 57 yogaviziMkA / -yogazAstra 4 /

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16 jaina darzana meM samatvayoga kI sAdhanA rUpa meM prayukta dekhA jAtA hai, kintu yoga zabda ko bandhana ke nimitta ke sthAna se haTAkara mukti ke sAdhana ke rUpa meM sthApita karane kA zreya to AcArya haribhadra ko hI jAtA hai| pataMjali ke yogasUtra meM yoga zabda ko cittavRtti ke nirodha arthAt mana kI sthiratA ke rUpa prayukta kiyA gayA hai| AcArya haribhadra ke pUrva AcArya bhadrabAhu ne bhI Avazyakaniyukti meM dhyAna aura samAdhi ke artha meM yoga zabda kA prayoga kiyA hai| kintu isase yahI siddha hotA hai ki yoga zabda kI dhyAna, samAdhi, manana, sthiratA Adi mukti ke sAdhanoM ke rUpa meM svIkRti eka paravartI ghaTanA hI hai| vizeSa rUpa se AcArya haribhadra ke kAla se anya paramparAoM ke samAna hI jaina paramparA meM bhI yoga zabda AdhyAtmika sAdhanA kA vAcaka banA hai| jahA~ pUrva meM vaha mana, vacana aura zarIra kI pravRttiyoM kA vAcaka hokara karma ke Asava kA kAraNa thA, vahIM paravartI kAla meM vaha mana, vacana aura zarIra kI pravRttiyoM ke nirodha rUpa saMvara kA kAraNa mAnA gyaa| ___AcArya kundakunda ne niyamasAra meM kahA hai ki jo AtmA ko apane sva-svabhAva se jor3atA hai vaha yoga hai|0 tattvArtha rAjavArtika meM bhI yoga ko samAdhi aura dhyAna kA vAcaka batAyA gayA hai|" yogasAra meM yoga zabda ke artha ko paribhASita karate hue likhA hai ki jisa yoga arthAt ekAgra cittanirodha rUpa dhyAna athavA mana ko indriyajanya vyApAra se haTAkara zuddha Atmatatva kA parijJAna kiyA jAtA hai, use hI yogiyoM ne vAstava meM yoga kahA hai|62 / isa prakAra hama dekhate haiM ki digambara paramparA meM AcArya kundakunda aura zvetAmbara paramparA meM AcArya haribhadra ne yoga zabda -yogadarzana 1 58 'yogazcittavRtti nirodhaH / / 2 / / ' 56 Avazyakaniryakti 1010 / 60 'vivarIyAbhiNivesaM paricattA joNhakahiya taccesu / jo muMjadi appANaM NiyabhAvo so have jogo / / 136 / / ' 61 'yujeH samAdhivacanasya yogaH samAdhiHrthyAnamityanarthAntaram / ' 62 'iMdihi vi choDiyai bahu pucchiyai Na koi / / rAyaha pasarU NivAriyai sahaja upajjai soi / / 54 / / ' -niyamasAra 10 / -rAjavArtika 6-1-12 / -yogasAra TIkA /

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jaina sAdhanA meM samatvayoga kA sthAna 17 ko AdhyAtmika sAdhanA kA vAcaka mAnA hai| gItA meM zrIkRSNa ne do sthAnoM para yoga zabda kI paribhASA dI hai| gItA ke dvitIya adhyAya meM ve kahate haiM ki "samatva ko yoga kahA jAtA hai|"63 isI adhyAya meM anyatra ve karma kI kuzalatA ko yoga kahate haiN|64 yoga kI isa dvitIya vyAkhyA meM 'kuzalatA' kA tAtparya vyavahArika kuzalatA na hokara karma karane kI vaha prakriyA hai jisameM karma karate hue bhI vyakti bandhana meM na pdd'e| gItA meM jJAnayoga, karmayoga, bhaktiyoga Adi ke sAtha jo yoga zabda kA prayoga huA hai, vaha bhI yahI sUcita karatA hai ki jJAna, karma aura bhakti kI vaha prakriyA jisake dvArA AtmA paramAtmA ko prApta karatI hai, vaha yoga hai|65 __ prastuta prasaMga meM jaba hama 'samatvayoga' kI bAta karate haiM to usakA tAtparya yahI hotA hai ki jJAna, karma, bhakti athavA dhyAna jaba vyakti ko rAga-dveSa se Upara uThAkara samatva meM sthApita karate haiM, to ve yoga bana jAte haiN| vastutaH samatvayoga kA tAtparya hai ki mana, vacana aura kAyA kI pravRttiyoM ko isa prakAra yojita karanA ki ve citta vikSobha kA kAraNa nahIM bneN| jJAnayoga, karmayoga, bhaktiyoga athavA dhyAnayoga Adi sabhI kA mukhya prayojana cittavRtti kA samatva hI hai| ve sabhI pravRttiyA~ jinase cittavRtti kA vicalana samApta ho, citta sthira bane, usameM rAga-dveSa ke saMkalpa-vikalpa na uTheM; vahI yoga hai aura use hI jaina paramparA meM samatvayoga yA sAmAyika kI sAdhanA ke rUpa meM paribhASita kiyA gayA hai| __ 'yogabindu' meM AcArya haribhadra ne mokSa prApti ke antaraMga sAdhana dharma-vyApAra ko yoga batAkara use pAMca rUpoM meM vibhakta kiyA hai| ve pAMca rUpa isa prakAra haiM : 1. adhyAtmayoga; 2. bhAvanAyoga; 63 'samatvaM yoga ucyate / / 48 // ' -gItA adhyAya 2 / 64 'yogaH karmasu kauzalam / / 50 / / ' ___ -vahI / 65 'jaina, bauddha aura gItA ke AcAra darSanoM kA tulanAtmaka adhyayana' bhAga 2 pR. 12 / -DaoN. sAgaramala jain|

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18 jaina darzana meM samatvayoga kI sAdhanA 3. dhyAnayoga; 4. samatAyoga; aura 5. vRtti-saMkSaya yog| unhoMne inheM mokSa ke sAtha saMyojana karAne yA jor3ane ke kAraNa yoga kahA hai|66 ye pAMcoM yoga kramazaH eka dUsare se zreSTha mAne gaye haiN| pAtaMjali yogadarzana ke anusAra saMprajJAta aura asaMprajJAta yoga (samAdhi) ko unhoMne ina paMcavidha yogoM meM samAviSTa kiyA hai| __ adhyAtmayoga vyAkaraNa zAstra kI dRSTi se jo bhI pravRtti yA kriyA athavA anuSThAna AtmA ko lakSya meM rakhakara kiyA jAe, use adhyAtma kahate haiN|68 jisase moha kA kSaya hotA ho, maitrI Adi bhAvanAoM kA vikAsa hotA ho, zAstrokta tattva-cintana ko bala milatA ho, vrata niyamAdi kA samyak paripAlana ho, tapa, japa, dhyAna Adi meM pravRtti ho, sAmAyika yA samatA kI ArAdhanA ho, vaha adhyAtmayoga bhAvanAyoga anAdikAlIna malina vRttiyoM ko tyAgakara jJAna, dhyAna evaM samatva kI upAsanA se cittaM kI vizuddhi honA hI bhAvanAyoga hai| sUtrakRtAMgasUtra meM batAyA gayA hai ki jisakI AtmA zuddha ho gaI ho, vaha sAdhaka jala meM naukA ke samAna saMsAra meM rahate hue bhI usase Upara uTha jAtA hai| vastutaH bhAvanAyoga saMsAra-samudra kA anta karAne vAlA hai|66 uttarAdhyayanasUtra meM kahA gayA hai ki "zarIra naukA hai, jIva nAvika hai aura saMsAra samudra hai, jise 56 'adhyAtma bhAvanA dhyAnaM samatA vRtti - saMkSayaH / mokSeNa yojanAdyogaH eSa zreSTho yathottaram / / 31 / ' -yogabindu / 67 'samiti-gupti sAdharaNa dharma vyApAratva meva yogatvam (mokSa praapk)|' ___-upA. yazovijayajI (pAtaMjala yogadarzana sU. 1/2 kI vRtti) / 68 'AtmAnamadhikRtya yad vartate tadadhyAtmakam' -adhyAtmasAra pR. 1 / 66 (ka) 'bhAvaNAjoga suddhApA, jale NAvA va AhiyA / ___NAvA va tIra saMpatta savva-dukkhA tiuTTati / / 5 / / -sUtrakRtAMgasUtra adhyAya 15 / (kha) 'jainAgamoM meM aSTAMgayoga' pR. 16 / -AcArya AtmarAmajI /

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jaina sAdhanA meM samatvayoga kA sthAna maharSigaNa pAra kara jAte haiN|"70 bhAvanAyoga kI upalabdhi ke mukhya tIna pahalU haiM - sama, saMvega aura nirveda / dhyAnayoga dhyAna zabda 'dhyai cintAyAm' dhAtu se niSpanna huA hai| isa vyutpattilabhya artha ke AdhAra para dhyAna kA tAtparya cintana yA ekAgratApUrvaka cintana hotA hai| ekAgra cintana se citta meM vikalpa vilIna hote haiM aura dhyAna ke mAdhyama se anta meM cittavRtti kA nirodha hotA hai to vaha dhyAnayoga bana jAtA hai| praznavyAkaraNa ke paMcama saMvaradvAra meM dhyAna ke svarUpa kA varNana milatA hai| usameM kahA gayA hai ki sthira dIpazikhA ke samAna niSprakampa evaM nizcala tathA mana meM anya viSayoM ke saMcAra se rahita kevala eka hI viSaya kA prazasta sUkSmabodha jisameM ho, vaha dhyAna hai| tatvArthasUtra ke anusAra antarmuhUrta-paryanta eka hI viSaya para citta kI sarvathA ekAgratA dhyAna hai|72 samatAyoga iSTa aura aniSTa vastuoM ke saMyoga meM samatAbhAva rakhanA hI samatAyoga hai| ise samabhAva athavA sAmAyika kI sAdhanA bhI kahate haiN| samabhAva rUpa sAmAyika ke binA mokSa kI prApti asambhava hai| Avazyakaniyukti meM bhI sAmAyika kA mArmika vivecana kiyA gayA hai|03 tattvAnazAsana meM samatA zabda ke aneka paryAyavAcI artha kiye haiN| ve mAdhyastha, samabhAva, upekSA, vairAgya, sAmya, nispRhatA, 70 'sarIramAhu nAva tti, jIvo vuccai naavio| ___ saMsAro aNNavo vutto, jaM taraMti mahesiNo / / 73 // ' -uttarAdhyayanasUtra adhyayana 23 / 71 'nivAya - ppadIpajjhANamivanippakame / / -praznavyAkaraNasUtra 5 / 72 'uttamasaMhananasyaikAgracintA nirodhodhyAnam / / 27 / / -tattvArthasUtra adhyayana 6 / 73 (ka) 'je kevi gayA mokkhaM, je vi ya gacchati, je gamissaMti / je savve sAmAiyappabhAveNa muNeyavvaM / / kiM taveNa tibveNa, kiM ca japeNa kiM caritteNa / samayAi viNa mukkho, na huo kahA vi na hu hoi / / ' -sAmAyikasUtra pR. 78 / (kha) sAmAiyammi u kae, samaNo iva sAvao havai jamhA / eeNa kAraNeNa bahuso samAiyaM kujjA / / 800 / / ' -Avazyakaniyukti /

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20 jaina darzana meM samatvayoga kI sAdhanA paramazAnti ityAdi haiN|74 padmanandi paMcaviMzatikA meM bhI sAmya, svAsthya, samAdhiyoga, cittanirodha aura zuddhopayoga ityAdi zabdoM ko samatA ke samAnArthaka batAyA gayA hai| nayacakra meM samatA ko zuddhabhAva, vItarAgatA, cAritradharma aura svabhAva kI ArAdhanA kahA gayA hai|6 dravyasaMgraha TIkA meM bhI samatA ko mokSamArga kA apara nAma kahakara usakI vizeSatA prakaTa kI hai| yogazAstra meM kahA gayA hai - samatvayoga se vyakti antarmuhUrta meM karmoM kA kSaya kara detA hai| adhyAtmasAra ke anusAra samatA hI mukti kA ekamAtra upAya hai| jJAnasAra meM batAyA gayA hai ki jo samatAkuNDa meM snAna kara letA hai usakI AtmA pavitra ho jAtI hai| __ vRtti saMkSayayoga pUrva meM adhyAtma, bhAvanA, dhyAna aura samatA - ina cAroM yogoM kA vivecana kiyA gayA hai| ina yogoM kI sAdhanA dvArA uttarottara AdhyAtmika vikAsa meM abhivRddhi karatA huA sAdhaka anta meM vRttisaMkSaya nAmaka paMcama yoga ko upalabdha hotA hai| vRttisaMkSaya se mokSa kI prApti hotI hai| ataH vRttisaMkSaya hI mukhya yoga hai|" 'pAtaMjali yogadarzana' meM yoga kA lakSaNa cittavRtti-nirodha kiyA tattvAnuzAsana, zlo. 4-5 / padmanandi paMcaviMzatikA, zlo. 64 / nayacakra vRhad, zlo. 356 / dravyasaMgraha TIkA, gA. 56 / 'praNihanti kSaNArdhena sAmyamAlakvya karma yat / yanna hanyAnarastIvratapasA janmakoTibhiH / / 51 / / rAgAdi-dhvAnta-vidhvaMse kRte saamaayikaaNshunaa| svasmin svarUpaM pazyanti yoginaH paramAtmanaH / / 53 / / 'upAyaH samataivekA mukteranyaH kriyAbharaH / / 27 / / saMtyajya samatAmekAM spAdyatkaSTa manuSThitam / / tadIpsitakaraM naiva bIjamuptamivoSare / / 26 / / ' 'yaH snAtvA samatAkuNDe hitvA kaznalajaMmalam / punarna yAti mAlinyaM, so'ntarAtmA paraH zuciH / / 5 / / ' ' karmavijJAna bhAga 8 pR. 68 / -yogazAstra 5 / 76 -adhyAtmasAra, adhyayana 6 / -jJAnasAra, adhyayana 14 /

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jaina sAdhanA meM samatvayoga kA sthAna hai|82 'yogAvatAra dvAtriMzikA' ke anusAra samprajJAtayoga dhyAna aura samatA rUpa hai tathA asamprajJAtayoga vRttisaMkSaya rUpa hai|3 AtmA ke anya saMyoga se utpanna hone vAlI vikalparUpa tathA ceSTArUpa vRttiyoM kA apunarbhAva rUpa se jo nirodha hotA hai, vahI vRttisaMkSaya yoga hai| vRttisaMkSaya yoga se kevalajJAna prApti, zaileSIkaraNa aura sarva-karma-vimukti rUpa mokSa kI prApti hotI hai| mokSa hI vaha avasthA hai jisameM AdhyAtmika vikAsa kI paripUrNatA niSpanna hotI jainadarzana meM sAmAyika yA samatvayoga kI sAdhanA vastutaH jIvana ko samatAmaya arthAt tanAvoM aura vikSobhoM rahita banAne kA abhyAsa hai| isase AtmA sabhI duHkhoM arthAt tanAvoM se mukta hokara nija svabhAva kI prApti karatI hai| samatvayoga yA sAmAyika eka aisI prakriyA hai jisase mAnava tanAvoM se mukta hokara AdhyAtmika Ananda kI prApti kara sakatA hai| AtmavikAsa aura prajJA ke prakarSa ke liye samatvayoga arthAta sAmAyika ke sivAya anya koI dUsarA prabhAvazAlI mArga nahIM hai| 1.4 samatva zabda kA artha samatvayoga ke artha kI isa carcA meM yoga zabda ke artha kI carcA hamane pUrva meM kI hai| aba samatva zabda ke artha kI carcA kreNge| 'samatva' zabda ke mUla meM sam zabda hai| sam zabda se ac pratyaya lagakara 'sama' zabda niSpanna hotA hai| atha ca, sama zabda meM -AcArya AtmArAmajI / -yogasUtra pataMjali / 52 (ka) 'jainAgamoM meM aSTAMgayoga', pR. 22-23 / (kha) 'yogazttivRtti nirodhaH / / 1 / ' (ka) jainAgamoM meM aSTAMgayoga' pR. 23 / (kha) 'samprajJAto'vatarati dhyAnabhedaMDana tattvataH / / 15 / / ' (ga) 'asamprajJAtanAmA tu sammato vRttisaMkSayaH / / 21 / / ' (ka) 'anyasaMyogavRttInAM yo nirodhastathA tathA / __ apunarbhAvarUpeNa sa tu tatsaMkSayo mataH / / 366 / / ' (kha) "vikalpa-spandarUpANAM vRttInAmatyajanmanAma / apunarbhAvato rAdhaH, procyate vRttisaMkSaya / / 25 / / ' (ga) aSTAMgayoga, pR. 22 / -yogAvatAra dvAtriMzikA / -vhii| -yogabindu / -yogabheda dvAtriMzikA /

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jaina darzana meM samatvayoga kI sAdhanA bhAvavAcaka 'tva' pratyaya lagAkara 'samatva' zabda banA hai / yaha zabda samabhAva kA sUcaka hai / samatva aura samabhAva payAryavAcI zabda haiM / isI sama zabda meM bhAvavAcaka 'tal' tathA strIvAcI 'TAp' pratyaya lagane se samatA zabda niSpanna hotA hai / isa prakAra samatva zabda kA artha samatA bhI hai| eka anya dRSTi se citta kI vRttiyoM kA rAga-dveSa se haTakara samabhAva meM sthira rahanA hI samatva yA samatA hai / sam zabda kA eka anya artha samadRSTi arthAt Atmavat dRSTi bhI hotA hai / dUsare zabdoM meM sabhI prANiyoM ko Atmavat samajhanA samabhAva hai / samabhAva zabda kA eka anya artha ekIbhAva yA ekatva bhI hai| vaha AtmaramaNa yA svAnubhUti kI sthiti hai| saMskRta bhASA kI dRSTi se prAkRta 'sama' zabda ke tIna rUpa hote haiM- sam, zama aura shrm| inameM se prathama sam zabda rAga-dveSa se rahita cittavRtti ke samabhAva yA samatva kA sUcaka hai, dUsarA 'zama' zabda kaSAyAdi vAsanAoM ke zamana ko sUcita karatA hai aura tIsarA 'zrama' zabda AtmapuruSArtha kA sUcaka hai| 22 samatva aura yoga zabdoM kI ina paribhASAoM ke AdhAra para samatvayoga kI nimna prakAra se vyAkhyA kI jA sakatI hai sukha-duHkha, lAbha-hAni, jaya-parAjaya, anukUla-pratikUla Adi paristhitiyoM meM citta kA vicalita nahIM honA hI samatvayoga hai| 8.5 manovaijJAnika dRSTi se samatva kA artha citta kI nirdvandva avasthA hai / jisa sAdhanA ke dvArA citta rAga-dveSa aura tRSNAjanya vikalpoM se rahita bane athavA rAga-dveSa icchA aura AkAMkSA se mukta ho, vahI samatvayoga hai / dUsare zabdoM meM citta kA vikalpa zUnya honA hI samatvayoga hai / tIsarI vaicArika dRSTi se pakSAgraha hamArI buddhi ke samatva ko bhaMga karate haiM / ataH vaicArika stara para cittavRtti kA AgrahoM se mukta honA hI samatvayoga kI sAdhanA hai / 1 samAjazAstrIya dRSTi se samatva kA artha Atmavat dRSTi hai / saMsAra ke sabhI prANiyoM ko Atmavat samajhanA hI samatvayoga hai / dUsare zabdoM meM jo dUsaroM ke sukha-duHkha ko bhI apane hI samAna 85 'yaM hi na vyathayantyete purUSaM puruSarSabha / yamaduHkhasuHkhaM dhIraM so'mRtatvAya kalpate / / 15 / / ' - - gItA adhyAya 2 /

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jaina sAdhanA meM samatvayoga kA sthAna anukUla-pratikUla ke rUpa meM dekhatA hai aura kisI ke prati bhI pratikUla AcaraNa nahIM karatA hai, vahI samatvayoga kA sAdhaka hai| dUsare zabdoM meM saMsAra ke sabhI prANiyoM ko Atmavat mAnakara vyavahAra karanA hI samatvayoga hai| sama zabda kA eka artha acchA yA ucita bhI hai| isI prakAra yoga zabda pravRtti yA AcaraNa kA vAcaka hai| ataH acchA AcaraNa yA sadAcaraNa bhI samatvayoga kI sAdhanA kA hI eka rUpa hai| yadi hama prAkRta sam zabda kA saMskRta rUpAntara zama ke rUpa meM kareM to krodhAdi vikAroM ko zamana karanA hI samatvayoga hai| samatva yA samatA kA eka artha tulyatA bodha bhI hai| sama kA artha samAnatA yA tulyatA lene para sabhI AtmAoM ke prati samabhAva yA tulyatA ke bhAva hI samatvayoga hai| liMga, varga, jAti, sattA evaM sampatti ke AdhAra para vyaktiyoM meM bheda na karake saMsAra ke sabhI vyaktiyoM ko apane samAna samajhanA aura unake prati samAna vyavahAra karanA bhI sAmAjika stara para samatvayoga kI sAdhanA hI hai| sAmAjika samatA kI sthApanA vyAvahArika stara para Avazyaka hai aura samatvayoga kA sAdhaka isa sAmAjika samatA kI sthApanA ke liye prayatnazIla rahatA hai| vaha sabhI vyaktiyoM ko Atmatulya mAnakara sabake prati samabhAva rakhane kI zikSA detA hai| isa prakAra samatvayoga ko anyAnya dRSTiyoM se vivecita yA vyAkhyAyita kiyA jAtA hai| vartamAna yuga meM samatvayoga ke AdhyAtmika pakSa ke sAtha usake vyavahArika pakSa para dhyAna denA bhI Avazyaka hai, kyoMki vartamAna yuga meM tanAvagrasta isa saMsAra meM samatvayoga kI sAdhanA hI eka aisA mArga hai jisake dvArA vaiyaktika evam sAmAjika jIvana meM samatA kI sthApanA kI jA sakatI hai| isa prakAra samatvayoga kI sAdhanA eka bahaAyAmI sAdhanA hai| usake AdhyAtmika, manovaijJAnika, sAmAjika Adi vividha pakSa haiM aura ina vividha pakSoM meM samanvaya karanA hI samatvayoga ke sAdhaka kA Avazyaka dAyitva 6 'Atmaupamyena sarvatra samaM pazyati yo'rjuna / sukhaM vA yadi vA duHkhaM sa yogI paramo mataH / / 32 / / ' -gItA adhyAya 6 /

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24 jaina darzana meM samatvayoga kI sAdhanA / dUsare yadi usI prAkRta sama zabda kA saMskRta rUpa zrama mAneM to AtmapuruSArtha karanA arthAt vibhAva dazA se haTakara svabhAva dazA meM Ane kA prayatna karanA hI samatvayoga hai| ___ gItA meM samatva ko hI yoga kahA gayA hai| isakA artha hai ki jisake dvArA samabhAva kI prApti hotI ho, citta ke vikalpa zAnta hote hoM vahI samatvayoga hai| isa prakAra citta ko nirvikalpa banAne kI sAdhanA ko samatvayoga kI sAdhanA mAnA gayA hai| __yadi hama yoga zabda kA artha 'yogaH karmasu kauzalam' karate haiM to samatvayoga kA tAtparya hogA - kisI bhI kArya ko isa rUpa meM karanA jisase ki bandhana nahIM ho| kArya karate hue bhI bandhana se bace rahanA hI karma kI kuzalatA hai; yahI samatvayoga kI sAdhanA hai| jainadarzana meM samyagdarzana, samyagjJAna evaM samyak-cAritra ko mokSamArga kahA gayA hai| vastutaH jJAna, darzana va cAritra tabhI mokSamArga banate haiM jaba ve samyak hoM arthAta samatva kI dizA meM gatizIla hoN| jo jJAna, darzana tathA cAritra samatva kI dizA meM le jAte haiM, ve hI samyagjJAna, samyagdarzana aura samyak-cAritra kahalAte haiN| isake viparIta jo jJAna, darzana aura cAritra hameM viSamatA yA vikAroM kI ora le jAte haiM, ve mithyA hote haiN| isa dRSTi se samyagjJAna, samyagdarzana aura samyaka-cAritra kI sAdhanA bhI samatvayoga kI sAdhanA kahI jAtI hai| vastutaH jJAna, darzana aura cAritra kA samyaktva arthAt samatva hI eka aisA AdhAra hai jo vyakti ko mokSa se yojita karatA hai| 1.5 samatva aura sAmAyika jainadarzana meM sAmAyika zabda kA artha karate hue yaha batAyA gayA hai ki jisase samabhAva kI prApti ho vaha sAmAyika hai| sAmAyika meM samabhAva yA samatA kI vRtti hI mukhya hai| rAga-dveSa se Upara uThakara samabhAva meM sthira rahanA hI sAmAyika hai| ataH sAmAyika aura samatva vastutaH eka dUsare ke paryAyavAcI hI haiN| dUsarI dRSTi se anukUla aura pratikUla paristhitiyoM arthAt sukha-duHkha, lAbha-alAbha, mAna-apamAna Adi meM cittavRtti meM udvega

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jaina sAdhanA meM samatvayoga kA sthAna kA na honA hI sAmAyika hai aura ise hI cittavRtti kA samatva kahA gayA hai| vastutaH sAmAyika kI sAdhanA hI samatva kI sAdhanA hai| sAmAyika kI sAdhanA kA artha hai citta kA vikSobhoM yA tanAvoM se rahita honaa| yahI samatva bhI hai| ataH samatva aura sAmAyika donoM eka hI artha ke vAcaka haiN| jise hama manovaijJAnika bhASA meM cittavRtti kA samatva kahate haiM, use hI jaina paramparA meM sAmAyika kahA gayA hai| cittavRtti ke samatva kI sAdhanA hI sAmAyika kI sAdhanA hai, kyoMki jisase samatva kI prApti yA lAbha ho use hI sAmAyika kahA gayA hai| manovaijJAnika bhASA meM jise cittavRtti kA samatva kahate haiM, use darzana ke kSetra meM samAdhi bhI kahA jAtA hai| vastutaH cittavRtti kA samatva, sAmAyika aura samAdhi tInoM eka hI artha ke sUcaka haiN| vizeSatA mAtra yaha hai ki samatva kI sAdhanA kA jo prayatna kiyA jAtA hai use sAmAyika kahA jAtA hai| samatva kI upalabdhi ke liye sajaga hokara pUruSArtha karanA hI sAmAyika hai aura isa dRSTi se samatva sAdhya hai aura sAmAyika usakI upalabdhi kA sAdhana hai| phira bhI yahA~ sAdhya aura sAdhana meM dvaita bhAva nahIM hai kyoMki samatva ke binA sAmAyika nahIM hotI aura sAmAyika kI sAdhanA binA samatva kI upalabdhi nahIM hotI hai| isa prakAra samatva aura sAmAyika meM sAdhya-sAdhana bhAva hai| sAmAyika sAdhana hai aura samatva sAdhya hai aura samatva kI prApti samAdhi hai| sAmAyika kI sAdhanA hI samatvayoga hai|| sAmAyika meM samatva aura yoga donoM hI nihita haiN| 'sAmAyika dharma : eka pUrNayoga' meM AcArya kalApUrNasUri likhate haiM ki sAmAyika evam yoga vAstava meM eka hI haiM, abhinna haiN| sAmAyika kI sAdhanA meM mantrayoga, layayoga, rAjayoga aura haThayoga ina cAroM yogoM kA samAveza hai|8 sAmAyika parama mantrayoga hai| 'mananAt trAMyate iti maMtraH' arthAt 87 'nimmo nirahaMkAro, nissaMgo cattagAravo / samo ya savvabhUesu, tasesu thAvaresu ya / / 60 / / lAbhAlAbhe suhe dukkhe, jIvie maraNe tahA / samo nindApasaMsAsu tahA mANAvamANao / / 61 / / ' e 'sAmAyikadharma : eka pUrNayoga' pR. 3-4 / -uttarAdhyayanasUtra adhyayana 16 / -AcArya kalApUrNasUri /

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jaina darzana meM samatvayoga kI sAdhanA jo manana karane se rakSA karatA hai usakA nAma maMtra hai / sAmAyika kI sAdhanA se mana evaM AtmA kI samyak prakAra se surakSA hotI hai; rAga-dveSa Adi zatruoM se bacAva hotA hai / ataH vaha mantrayoga hai / 26 sAmAyika ko layayoga isa kAraNa se kahA gayA hai ki samatvayoga meM sAmAyika kI sAdhanA se sAdhaka vAsanAoM ko samApta karake apanI AtmA yA apane zuddha sva-svarUpa meM lIna ho jAtA hai| isaliye ise layayoga kahA gayA hai| eka anya dRSTi se isase vAsanAoM, icchAoM yA vicAra - vikalpoM para vijaya hotI hai / ataH yaha layayoga hai / sAmAyika ko rAjayoga bhI isIliye kahA hai ki sAdhaka klezapUrNa avasthA ko samApta karake prazamabhAva dRSTi samAdhi ko prApta karatA hai / sAmAyika haThayoga bhI hai; kyoMki isameM Asana evaM dRSTi Adi ko acala yA sthira rakhA jAtA hai / calAsana aura caladRSTi sAmAyika sAdhanA ke doSa haiM / ataH sAmAyika meM haThayoga kA bhI samAveza hotA hai / 1. 6 samatva aura samyaktva sam aura samyak donoM hI zabda avyaya haiM / ina se hI samatva aura samyaktva zabda pratiphalita hote haiM / sam (so + 'mu) avyaya hai / use dhAtu yA kRdanta zabdoM se pUrva upasarga ke rUpa meM lagane para nimnAMkita artha hote haiN| (ka) bahuta pUrNataH, atyanta; (kha) kI bhA~ti, samAna, eka jaisA; aura (ga) nikaTa, pUrva / sam avyaya se matvartha meM taddhita ac pratyaya hokara 'sama' yaha akArAnta zabda niSpanna hotA hai| isake bhI nimnAMkita artha isa prakAra haiM : 86 'arzaAdibhayo'c' - prathamAnta azas Adi zabdoM se matvartha meM ac pratyaya hotA hai / -aSTAdhyAyI (pANini ) 5/2/127 /

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jaina sAdhanA meM samatvayoga kA sthAna 27 (1) vahI, samarUpa; (2) samAna; (3) ke samAna, vaisA hI, milatA-julatA; (4) samAna, samatala, caurasa; (5) samasaMkhyA ; (6) niSpakSa, nyAyayukta; (7) bhalA, sadguNa sampanna; (8) sAmAnya mAmUlI; (E) madhyavartI, bIca kA; (10) sIdhA; (11) taTastha, acala, nirAveza; (12) saba, pratyeka; aura (13) pUrNa, samasta, puuraa| akArAnta sama zabda se bhAvArthaka taddhita pratyaya 'tva' hokara 'samatva' zabda niSpanna hotA hai| jisake artha isa prakAra se kiye gaye haiM : (ka) ekasApana, ekarUpatA; (kha) samAnatA, ekajaisApana; (ga) barAbarI; (gha) niSpakSatA nyAyatA; (ca) santulana; (cha) pUrNatA; aura (ja) saamaanytaa| samyaktva meM 'samyak' avyaya hai| isakA artha isa prakAra kiyA gayA hai : (1) sAtha-sAtha; (2) acchA, ucita rUpa se, sahI DhaMga se, zuddhatApUrvaka, sacamuca; (3) yathAvat - yathocita DhaMga se, ThIka-ThIka; (4) sammAnapUrvaka (5) pUrI taraha se, pUrNataH; aura (6) spaSTa rUpa se| samyak zabda se bhAvArthaka taddhita pratyaya 'tva' lagAkara 'samyaktva' zabda niSpanna hotA hai| jainadarzana meM samyaktva aura samatva donoM hI zabda eka dUsare ke paryAyavAcI rUpa meM prayukta hote rahe haiN| phira bhI donoM ke madhya artha kI apekSA se thor3A antara avazya hai| samyak zabda satyatA, yathArthatA yA aucitya kA paricAyaka hai| abhidhAna rAjendrakoSa meM 60 'tasya bhAvastvatalau' - bhAva artha meM pratipadikoM se 'tva' evam 'tala' pratyaya hote haiN| -vahI 5/1/116 / 61 'sAmAyikadharma : eka pUrNayoga' pR. 3-4 / -AcArya kalApUrNasUri /

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28 jaina darzana meM samatvayoga kI sAdhanA samyaktva zabda kA artha tattvaruci yA satyAbhiruci yA satyAbhipsA mAnA gayA hai|62 eka anya dRSTi se samyaktva kA artha ucittatA, nyAyatA, niSpakSatA Adi bhI hai| isake viparIta sama zabda samatva yA samatA kA sUcaka hai| jaina granthoM meM samatva aura samyaktva samAna arthoM meM bhI prayukta hue haiN| isakA kAraNa yaha hai ki samatva ke abhAva meM samyaktva sambhava nahIM hai| jo samatva se yukta ho use hI samyak kahA jA sakatA hai| isa prakAra samatva aura samyaktva meM AdhAra Adheya sambandha banatA hai| samatva kA artha citta ke pariNAmoM kA rAga-dveSa se AkrAnta nahIM honA hai| jaba citta rAga-dveSa se rahita hotA hai, tabhI samatva pratiphalita hotA hai| jaisA hamane pUrva meM dekhA samatva vItarAgatA kA paricAyaka hai| jahA~ rAga-dveSa hai vahA~ cittavRtti meM vicalana yA tanAva hai| ataH rAga-dveSa kA abhAva hI samatva kA paricAyaka hai aura jo bhI samatva se yukta hogA vahI samyak kahA jaayegaa| samyaktva hone kA artha satya yA ucitta honA bhI hai| kintu jo viSama hai, vaha na to satya ho sakatA hai aura na ucit| isIlie hameM yaha mAnanA hogA ki samyaktva ke lie samatva Avazyaka hai| jaba taka cittavRtti meM samatva nahIM AtA taba taka hamArA AcAra va vicAra samyak nahIM ho sktaa| cAhe vicAroM ke samyaktva kA prazna ho yA AcAra - donoM ke lie samatva Avazyaka hai| samatvapUrNa vicAra hI samyak vicAra haiM aura samatvapUrNa AcAra hI samyak AcAra hai| samatva ke AcAra aura vicAra kSetra meM jo abhivyakti hai vahI samyaktva hai| isalie jainadarzana meM samyagjJAna yA samyak-cAritra kI bAta kahI gaI hai| vahA~ yaha mAnanA hogA ki jo jJAna samatva se yukta hai, vahI samyak AcAra hai| dUsare zabdoM meM hamAre jJAna, darzana aura cAritra kA samyak honA isa bAta para nirbhara karatA hai ki ve samatva se yukta haiM yA nahIM ? jJAna, darzana aura cAritra jaba samatva se yukta hote haiM, taba hI ve samyak hote haiN| jainadarzana meM jJAna, darzana aura cAritra ke mithyA hone kA artha yahI hai ki ve kahI na kahIM rAga-dveSa aura tadjanya kaSAyoM se yukta 62 'abhidhAnarAjendrakoSa' khaNDa 5 pR. 2425 /

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jaina sAdhanA meM samatvayoga kA sthAna 26 haiN| AtmA meM kaSAyoM kI upasthiti hI viSamatA hai aura usa viSamatA ko samatva kI sAdhanA ke dvArA hI dUra kiyA jA sakatA hai| isIlie yaha kahA gayA hai ki samatva kI sAdhanA vItarAgatA kI sAdhanA hai aura vahI sampUrNa sAdhanA kI hArda hai| 1.7 samatva aura vItarAgatA jaina AcAryoM kI dRSTi meM samatva aura vItarAgatA prAyaH paryAyavAcI hI haiM; kyoMki jahA~ vItarAgatA hogI vahIM samatva hogA aura jahA~ samatva hogA vahIM vItarAgatA hogii| rAga-dveSa kI vRttiyA~ hI hamArI cetanA ke samatva ko bhaMga karatI haiN| yaha hama pUrva meM hI spaSTa kara cuke haiM ki cetanA yA AtmA samatva rUpa hai| usakA yaha samatva rAga yA dveSa meM se kisI bhI eka kI upasthiti meM bhaMga ho jAtA hai| jisa prakAra tarAjU svataH sama rahatI hai kintu usake eka palar3e meM yadi bhAra DAla diyA jAya to usakA dUsarA palar3A svataH hI Upara uTha jAtA hai aura usakA santulana bhaMga ho jAtA hai| isI prakAra AtmA meM jaba rAga yA dveSa kI vRtti kA udaya hotA hai to hamArA caitasika samatva bhaMga ho jAtA hai| rAga-dveSa kI upasthiti meM krodha, mAna, mAyA aura lobha rUpa kaSAyoM kA janma hotA hai aura jisakA citta kaSAyoM se AkrAnta ho vaha samatva kI sAdhanA meM saphala nahIM hotA hai| jainadarzana ke guNasthAna siddhAnta meM yaha batAyA gayA hai ki jaba taka vyakti meM kaSAyoM kI sattA banI huI hai, taba taka vaha vItarAgatA ko upalabdha nahIM hotA hai| dUsare zabdoM meM kaheM to krodhAdi kaSAyoM ke nimitta se hamArA citta udvelita hotA hai| citta kA udvelita honA yA udvigna honA viSamatA kA sUcaka hai aura isa viSamatA kA mUla kAraNa rAga-dveSa janya kaluSita vRttiyA~ haiN| ataH yaha spaSTataH siddha hotA hai ki jahA~ rAgAdi bhAva rahe hue hoM, vahA~ caitasika samatva sambhava nahIM hai| vItarAgatA yA anAsakta jIvana dRSTi hI vyakti meM samatva kA vikAsa kara sakatI hai| ataH samatvayoga kI sAdhanA ke lie vItarAgatA kI upAsanA Avazyaka hai| dUsare zabdoM meM hama yaha bhI kaha sakate haiM ki vItarAgatA kI sAdhanA se hI samatva kI siddhi sambhava hai| jaba taka citta rAga-dveSa Adi kaSAyoM se kaluSita hai, taba taka samatva kI anubhUti sambhava

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30 jaina darzana meM samatvayoga kI sAdhanA nahIM hai| dUsarI ora jaba taka jIvana meM samatva kI siddhi nahIM hotI, taba taka rAga-dveSa se Upara uThanA aura vItarAgatA upalabdha karanA sambhava nahIM hotaa| yogasAra meM kahA gayA hai ki jaba taka rAga-dveSa dRSTi antarAtmA ke zatruoM ko samApta nahIM kiyA jAtA, taba taka sunizcala sAmya avasthA kI prApti nahIM hotI aura jaba taka sAmya avasthA kI prApti nahIM hotI taba taka paramAtmasvarUpa kI upalabdhi nahIM hotii| isa prakAra hama dekhate haiM ki samatvayoga aura vItarAgatA donoM anyAnyozrita haiN| samatva ke binA vItarAgatA nahIM hai aura vItarAgatA ke binA samatva nahIM hai| ye donoM eka hI sikke ke do pahaluoM ke samAna haiN| vastutaH jahA~ samatva hai, vahA~ vItarAgatA hai aura jahA~ vItarAgatA hai vahIM samatva hai| samatva kA tAtparya bhI rAga-dveSa kI vRttiyoM se Upara uThanA hai| yahI vItarAgatA kA artha hai| ___ jisa vyakti meM samatva kA vikAsa ho jAtA hai, usameM santulana, taTasthatA aura saMyama ye tInoM samatva kI avasthAe~ prakaTa hotI haiN| kaSAyoM ke upazamana yA kSINa hone se samatva cetanA jAgrata hotI hai| samatAyoga vItarAgatA kA sUcaka hai| anukUla-pratikala sthiti meM rAga-dveSa rahita hokara samabhAva rakhanA vItarAgatA kA saMkSipta artha hai| vastutaH vItarAgabhAva yA samabhAva svabhAva kA hI dUsarA rUpa hai| svayaM ko samabhAva meM adhiSThita rakhanA hI vItarAgatA kI sAdhanA hai| vItarAgatA samatvayoga kA caramabindu hai| jainadharma meM samatva ke kAraNa aneka sAdhakoM ne vItarAgatA prApta kI hai; jaise - rAjarSi damadatta, gajasukumAra, AcArya skandaka ke pAMca sau ziSya Adi / jainadarzana meM samatvayoga kI sAdhanA kA parama sAdhya vItarAgatA kI prApti rahA hai| ve siddha, buddha, mukta paramAtmA pratyeka samatvI ke lie Adarza evaM anukaraNIya haiN| AcArya hemacandra ne 'yogazAstra' meM batAyA hai ki vItarAga kA dhyAna (cintana, manana, praNidhAna) karane se vyakti svayaM rAga rahita ho jAtA hai, jabaki rAgI (sarAga) kA avalambana lene vAlA vyakti vikSepa yA vikSobha paidA karane vAle (kAma, krodha, moha, mAtsarya, harSa, zoka, rAga-dveSAdi) sarAgatva ko

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jaina sAdhanA meM samatvayoga kA sthAna prApta karatA hai|63 samatvayoga se vItarAgabhAva kA saMcAra siddha yA mukta vItarAga paramAtmA kA svarUpa parama nirmala, zAntimaya, rAga-dveSa se rahita vItarAgayukta hotA hai| unake dhyAna, cintana, manana yA avalambana se samatvayogI kI AtmA meM vItarAga bhAva kA svayaMmeva hI saMcAra hotA hai| kahAvata bhI hai jaisA raMga vaisA sNg| sajjana ke sAnnidhya se susaMskAroM kA prakaTana hotA hai aura darjana ke sAnnidhya se kasaMskAroM kaa| ataH vItarAga prabhu ke, sannikaTatA aura saMgati se hRdaya meM avazya hI vItarAgatA ke bhAva jAgrata hote haiN| sAnnidhya yA saMgati pAne kA artha hai unakA nAma smaraNa, guNa smaraNa, stavana, japa, stuti, namana, guNagAna Adi krnaa| isa prakAra vItarAga ke sAnnidhya se mana kI zuddhi aura ullAsa bar3hatA jAtA hai| spaSTa karate dvandva se Upara sUcaka hai| 1.8 samatvayoga kA tAtparya samatvayoga kA tAtparya spaSTa karate hue DaoN. sAgaramala jaina ne batAyA hai ki samatva cetanA kA saMgharSa yA dvandva se Upara uTha jAnA hai|4 vaha nirAkula, nirdvandva aura nirvikalpa dazA kA sUcaka hai| samatvayoga jIvana ke vividha pakSoM meM eka aisA santulana hai jisameM na kevala caitasika evam vaiyaktika jIvana ke saMgharSa samApta hote haiM, varan sAmAjika jIvana ke saMgharSa bhI samApta ho jAte haiN| zarta yaha hai ki samAja ke sabhI sadasya usakI sAdhanA meM prayatnazIla hoN| samatvayoga meM indriyA~ apanA kArya to karatI haiM, lekina unameM bhogAsakti nahIM hotI aura na hI indriyoM ke viSayoM kI anubhUti cetanA meM rAga aura dveSa ko janma detI hai| cintana to hotA hai, kintu usase pakSavAda aura vaicArika durAgrahoM kA nirmANa nahIM hotaa| 63 'vItarAgo vimucyeta vItarAgaM vicintayan / / ___ rAgiNaM tu samAlambya rAgI syAt kSobhaNAdikRt / / 13 / / ' -yogazAstra adhyayana 6 / 94 'jaina, bauddha aura gItA ke AcAra darzanoM kA tulanAtmaka adhyayana' bhAga 2 pR. 20 / -DaoN. sAgaramala jaina /

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32 jaina darzana meM samatvayoga kI sAdhanA mana apanA kArya to karatA hai, lekina vaha cetanA ke sammukha jise prastuta karatA hai, use raMgIna nahIM bnaataa| AtmA vizuddha dRSTA hotI hai| jIvana ke sabhI pakSa apanA-apanA kArya vizuddha rUpa meM binA kisI saMgharSa ke karate haiN| samatva kA tAtparya rAga-dveSa se atIta honA hai; kyoMki jaba taka citta meM rAga-dveSa bane hue haiM taba taka samatva kI sambhAvanA nahIM hai| rAga aura dveSa yahI hamArI cetanA ke samatva ko bhaMga karate haiN| isalie rAga-dveSa kA abhAva hI samatva ke sadbhAva kA AdhAra hai| rAga-dveSa ke nimittoM ko pAkara bhI citta unase AkrAnta na ho, yahI samatvayoga hai| rAga-dveSa ke kAraNa hI krodhAdi kaSAe~ janma letI haiN| ye kaSAe~ cetanA ke samatva ko bhaMga karatI haiN| ataH samatvayoga kA tAtparya cetanA kA kaSAyoM se Upara uThanA hai| kaSAya eka prakAra kA mAnasika Avega hai| cittavRtti jaba taka AvegoM se yukta hai taba taka samatva kI sambhAvanA nahIM hai| ataH samatvayoga vaha prakriyA hai jisake dvArA sAdhaka kaSAyoM aura unakI janaka rAga-dveSa kI vRttiyoM se Upara uThatA hai| eka anya dRSTi se jIvana meM anukUla-pratikUla paristhitiyA~ AtI hI rahatI haiN| una anukUla-pratikUla paristhitiyoM meM citta kA udvelita nahIM honA hI samatvayoga hai| jJAtavya hai ki bAhya paristhitiyoM para vyakti kA adhikAra nahIM hotA hai| anukUla ora pratikUla avasthA meM cetanA ke samatva ko banAye rakhanA arthAt inase udvelita nahIM honA hI samatvayoga hai| vastutaH samatvayoga vividha prakAra kI anukUla-pratikUla paristhiti meM hamArI cetanA aura vyavahAra ko santulita banAye rakhane kA prayAsa hai| samatvayogI use hI kahA jAtA hai jo jIvana meM rAga-dveSa ke prasaMgoM ke Ane athavA anukUla-pratikUla paristhiti ke utpanna hone para apanI caitasika samatA ko nahIM khotA hai| dUsare zabdoM meM kaheM to samatvayoga samabhAva yA samatA kI sAdhanA hai| vikSobhoM aura tanAvoM ke Upara uThakara citta-vRtti kA samatva hI samatvayoga hai| manuSya kA apane pariveza ke sAtha jo saMgharSa hai, usameM jaivika AvazyakatAoM kI pUrti ke sAtha-sAtha bhogAsakti hI pramukha kAraNa hai| saMgharSa kI tIvratA Asakti kI tIvratA ke sAtha bar3hatI jAtI hai|

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jaina sAdhanA meM samatvayoga kA sthAna Antarika saMgharSa manuSya kI vibhinna AkAMkSAoM aura vAsanAoM ke kAraNa hotA hai| usake pIche bhI tRSNA yA Asakti hI pramukha hai| samatvayoga kI sAdhanA kA artha hai ki vyakti Asakti se Upara utthe| ataH samatvayoga nirAkAMkSatA kA sUcaka hai| isI prakAra vaicArika jagat kA sArA saMgharSa Agraha, pakSa yA dRSTi ke kAraNa hai| bhogAsakti svArthoM kI saMkIrNatA ko janma detI hai aura AgrahavRtti vaicArika saMkIrNatA ko janma detI hai| saMkIrNatA, cAhe vaha hitoM kI ho yA vicAroM kI, saMgharSa ko janma detI hai| samasta sAmAjika saMgharSoM ke mUla meM yahI hitoM kI yA vicAroM kI saMkIrNatA kAma kara rahI hai| isakA phalitArtha yaha hai ki samatvayoga anAgrahI kintu satyAgrahI jIvanadRSTi kA paricAyaka hai| __ jaba Asakti lobha yA rAga ke rUpa meM pakSa upasthita hotA hai to dveSa yA ghRNA ke rUpa meM pratipakSa bhI upasthita ho jAtA hai| pakSa aura pratipakSa kI yaha upasthiti Antarika saMgharSa kA kAraNa hotI hai| yaha caitasika samatva ko bhaMga karatI hai, saMgharSa kI upasthiti meM samatva kA abhAva hotA hai aura Antarika zAnti bhI samApta ho jAtI hai| Antarika samatA kI upasthiti meM bAhya jagat ke vikSobha hamAre citta ko vicalita nahIM kara sakate haiN| vyakti ke lie Antarika caitasika santulana hI pramukha hai| Antarika santulana vyakti ko rAga-dveSa ke dvandva se Upara uThAkara vItarAgatA kI ora le jAtA hai| isase samatvayoga kI sAdhanA kA mArga prazasta bana jAtA hai| vastutaH to vItarAgatA hI samatvayoga kI sAdhanA kA mUla prayojana hai| jaba vyakti Antarika santulana se yukta hotA hai to usake AcAra-vicAra aura vyavahAra meM bhI santulana prakaTa ho jAtA hai| usakA koI bhI vyavahAra yA AcAra bAhya asantulana kA kAraNa nahIM banatA hai| AcAra aura vyavahAra hamAre mana ke bAhya prakaTana haiM, vyakti ke mAnasa kI bAhya abhivyakti hai| jisameM Antarika santulana yA samatva nihita hotA hai, usake AcAra, vicAra aura vyavahAra bhI samatvapUrNa hote haiN| itanA hI nahIM vaha bAhya vyavahAra meM eka sAMga santulana sthApita karane ke lie bhI prayatnazIla hotA hai| usakA santulita vyaktitva pratyeka vyakti ke jIvana ko prabhAvita

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34 jaina darzana meM samatvayoga kI sAdhanA karatA hai| sabhI ke lie vaha AkarSaNa kA kendra bana jAtA hai| usake dvArA sAmAjika hita sAdhana bhI sahaja meM ho sakatA hai| phira bhI sAmAjika samatva kI saMsthApanA meM aisA vyaktitva eka mAtra kAraka nahIM hotaa| ataH usake prayAsa sadaiva saphala hoM yaha anivArya nahIM hai| sAmAjika samatva kI saMsthApanA samatvayoga kA sAdhya to hai lekina usakI siddhi vaiyaktika samatva para nahIM varan samAja ke sabhI sadasyoM ke sAmUhika prayatnoM para nirbhara hai| phira bhI samatvayogI ke vyavahAra se na to sAmAjika saMgharSa utpanna hote haiM aura na bAhya saMgharSoM, kSubdhatAoM aura kaThinAiyoM se vaha apane mAnasa ko vicalita hone detA hai| samatvayoga kA mUla kendra caitasika santulana yA samatva hai| vaha rAga aura dveSa ke prahANa se upalabdha hotA hai| samatva kA tAtparya rAga-dveSa se atIta honA hai| kyoMki jaba taka citta meM rAga-dveSa bane hue haiM taba taka samatva kI sambhAvanA nahIM hai| rAga aura dveSa hI hamArI cetanA ke samatva ko bhaMga karate haiN| isalie rAga-dveSa kA abhAva hI samatva ke sadbhAva kA AdhAra hai| rAga-dveSa ke nimittoM ko pAkara bhI citta unase AkrAnta na ho yahI samatvayoga hai| rAga-dveSa ke kAraNa hI krodhAdi kaSAe~ janma letI haiN| ye kaSAe~ cetanA ke samatva ko bhaMga karatI haiN| ataH samatvayoga kA tAtparya cetanA kA kaSAyoM se Upara uThanA hai| kaSAya eka prakAra kA mAnasika Avega hai| cittavRtti jaba taka AvegoM se yukta hai taba taka samatva kI sambhAvanA nahIM hai| ataH samatvayoga vaha prakriyA hai, jisake dvArA sAdhaka kaSAyoM aura unakI janaka rAga-dveSa kI vRttiyoM se Upara uThatA hai| eka anya dRSTi se jIvana meM anukUla-pratikUla paristhitiyA~ AtI rahatI haiN| una anukUla-pratikUla paristhitiyoM meM citta udvelita na ho, aisA prayatna hI samatvayoga hai| jJAtavya hai ki bAhya paristhiti para vyakti kA adhikAra nahIM hotaa| ve anukUla athavA pratikUla donoM hI prakAra kI ho sakatI haiN| inameM anukUla ke prati rAga aura pratikUla ke prati dveSa hotA hai| ataH anukUla aura pratikUla avasthA meM cetanA ke samatva ko banAye rakhanA arthAt inase udvelita nahIM honA hI samatvayoga hai| vastutaH samatvayoga vividha prakAra kI

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jaina sAdhanA meM samatvayoga kA sthAna anukUla-pratikUla paristhiti meM hamArI cetanA aura vyavahAra ko santulita banAye rakhane kA prayAsa hai| samatvayogI use hI kahA jAtA hai jo jIvana meM rAga-dveSa ke prasaMgoM ke Ane athavA anukUla-pratikUla paristhiti ke utpanna hone para apanI caitasika samatA ko nahIM khotA hai| dUsare zabdoM meM kaheM to samatvayoga samabhAva yA samatA kI sAdhanA hai| vikSobhoM aura tanAvoM ke Upara uThakara cittavRtti kA samatva hI samatvayoga hai| 1.6 samatva se vicalana ke kAraNa ' yaha satya hai ki samatva ko AtmA kA svabhAva mAnA gayA hai aura use sampUrNa jaina sAdhanA kA mukhya lakSya batAyA gayA hai| kintu samatva kI sAdhanA taba taka sambhava nahIM hogI, jaba taka samatva ke vicalana ke kAraNoM kA vizleSaNa na kara liyA jAya aura unake nirAkaraNa kA koI prayatna na kiyA jaay| yadyapi samatva ko AtmA kA svabhAva kahA gayA hai| phira bhI vyakti kA samatva se vicalana dekhA jAtA hai| jisa prakAra pAnI svabhAva se zItalatA ke guNa vAlA hai, kintu agni Adi kA saMyoga hone para vaha pAnI uSNa ho jAtA hai| usI prakAra yaha AtmA bhI bAhya padArthoM ke nimitta pAkara apane samatva dRSTi svabhAva se vicalita ho jAtI hai| manuSya apanI indriyoM ke mAdhyama se bAhya jagat ke samparka meM AtA hai| bAhya jagat ke samparka meM Ane se use kucha padArtha anukUla aura kucha padArtha pratikUla lagate haiN| unake prati rAga aura dveSa utpanna hotA hI hai| rAga aura dveSa ke tatva hI samatva se vicalana ke mUla kAraNa haiN| manovaijJAnika dRSTi se rAga-dveSa mAnasika vikAra mAne gaye haiN| ataH yaha satya hai ki yadi koI bhI mAnasika vikAra hogA to vaha yA to rAga (Asakti) rUpa hogA yA dveSa ruup| viSayoM ke samparka meM anukUlatA aura pratikUlatA kI sthiti hI rAga dveSa kA kAraNa hai| kintu yahA~ yaha prazna uThatA hai ki jaba taka zarIra hai aura indriyA~ haiM, taba taka vyakti bAhya padArthoM ke samparka se nahIM baca sktaa| bAhya padArthoM ke samparka se yaha bhI svAbhAvika hai ki kucha hameM anukUla aura kucha pratikUla lgeN| isase vyakti nahIM baca paataa| kintu anukUla ke prati rAga aura pratikUla ke prati dveSa

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jaina darzana meM samatvayoga kI sAdhanA vyakti svayaM hI karatA hai aura isI kAraNa samatva se vicalita ho jAtA hai / rAga aura dveSa meM mUla kAraNa to rAga hI hai, kyoMki rAga ke abhAva meM dveSa kI koI sattA nahIM hotI / dveSa rAga kA virodhI hai / jo hamAre rAga kA viSaya hai usase pratikUla viSaya yA bAdhaka viSaya hI dveSa kA kAraNa banAtA hai / 65 isIliye AcArAMgasUtra meM yaha kahA gayA hai ki jaba taka mamatva hai, taba taka samatva sambhava nahIM hai / mamatva hI samatva se vicalana kA mUla kAraNa hai / vyakti ke jIvana meM jaba taka mamatva buddhi rahI huI hai taba taka samatva sambhava nahIM hai; kyoMki mamatva buddhi ke kAraNa merA aura terA ke bhAva utpanna hote haiM / vyakti jise merA mAnatA hai usase rAga karatA hai aura jise parAyA mAnatA hai usase dveSa karatA hai / 6 jahA~ hamAre jIvana meM apane aura parAye ke bhAva jAgate haiM vahA~ vaiyaktika jIvana meM samatva bhaMga hotA hI hai kintu usake sAtha hI sAtha sAmAjika jIvana meM bhI samatva bhaMga hotA hai / vyakti meM jaba merA ghara, merA parivAra, merA samAja, merA rASTra Adi kI saMkucita bhAvanA jAgatI hai to sAmAjika samatva bhaMga hotA hai aura pArasparika saMgharSoM kA janma hotA hai| eka anya dRSTi se jainAcAryoM ne anAtma meM Atma buddhi ko bhI samatva se vicalana kA kAraNa mAnA hai / bAhya parapadArthoM meM mamatva kA AropaNa hone se vyakti meM eka mithyA dRSTikoNa kA janma hotA hai / vaha, jo apanA nahIM hai, use hI apanA mAnane lagatA hai aura isa prakAra usakA dhyAna vidrUpita ho jAtA hai / usakI samajha samyak nahIM hotI / yaha bhI rAga ke janma aura samatva se vicalana kA hetu banatA hai / isa prakAra saMkSepa meM to samatva se vicalana kA kAraNa anAtma meM Atma buddhi karake usake prati rAgAdi bhAva karanA hI hai / kintu yadi hama isa prazna 67 36 65 Anandaghana kA rahasyavAda' 234 / 66 (ka) 'jaina, bauddha aura gItA ke AcAra darzanoM kA tulanAtmaka adhyayana' bhAga 2 pR. 153 / - DaoN. sAgaramala jaina / 67 (kha) 'bodhicaryAvatAra' 8/134-35 / ( ga ) ' Anandaghana granthAvalI' pada 100 / (gha) vahI 'mallijinastavana' | AcArAMgasUtra 2/1/63 /

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jaina sAdhanA meM samatvayoga kA sthAna 37 para vistAra se vicAra karanA cAheM to samatva ke vicalana ke aneka kAraNa haiN| jainadarzana meM bandha ke jo pAMca hetu mAne gaye haiM unheM samatva se vicalana kA kAraNa bhI kahA jAtA hai| ye pAMca hetu nimna 1. mithyAtva; 2. avirati; 3. pramAda; 4. kaSAya; aura 5. yog| samayasAra meM inameM se 4 kA ullekha milatA hai| usameM pramAda kA ullekha nahIM hai| mithyAtva samatva se vicalana kA prathama hetu mithyAtva hai| mithyAtva kA sAmAnya artha mithyA vizvAsa yA mithyA jIvanadRSTi hai| anAtma meM Atma buddhi rakhanA yA para ko apanA mAnanA. yaha eka mithyA dRSTikoNa hai| jahA~ isa prakAra kA mithyA dRSTikoNa hotA hai, vahA~ mamatva buddhi yA rAgAdi bhAva kA janma hotA hai| vyakti meM jaba taka aisA bhAva utpanna nahIM hotA ki samasta bAhya padArtha sAMyogika haiM; na to ye mere haiM aura na maiM inakA hU~; taba taka vaha unameM Atmabuddhi karake mamatva yA merepana kA AropaNa karatA hai aura merepana ke isI bhAva ke kAraNa rAga kA janma hotA hai| jahA~ rAga hotA hai vahIM dveSa bhI hotA hai| rAga-dveSa kI upasthiti meM cetanA kA samatva bhaMga ho jAtA hai aura AtmA apane samatva rUpa svabhAva se cyuta hotI hai| bhagavatIArAdhanA evaM sarvArthasiddhi meM kahA gayA hai - jIvAdi padArthoM kA azraddhAna mithyAdarzana hai|00 68 (ka) 'paMca Asava dArA paNNatA-micchattaM, aviraI, pamAyA kasAyA jogaa|' -samavAyAMga 5/26 evaM sthAnAMgasUtra 418 / (kha) isibhAsiya 6/5; aura (ga) 'mithyAdarzanAvirati pramAda kaSAya yogA bandhahetavaH / ' tattvArthasUtra 8/1 / 66 samayasAra 171 / (ka) 'taM micchataM jamasaddahaNaM taccANa hoi atthANaM // 56 / / ' bhagavatIArAdhanA / (kha) sarvArthasiddhi 2/6 / (ga) nayacakra gA. 303 /

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38 avirati avirati kA sAmAnya artha saMyama yA Atma nihita zakti kA abhAva hai| jaba taka vyakti bAhya padArthoM meM Asakta banakara unakI icchA yA AkAMkSA rakhatA hai, taba taka usameM caitasika samatva kA vikAsa sambhava nahIM hai / icchA aura AkAMkSAoM kI upasthiti meM vaha eka kamI kA anubhava karatA hai / usameM AtmatoSa kA abhAva hotA hai / icchA aura AkAMkSA kI upasthiti hamAre caitasika samatva ko bhaMga kara detI hai / jaba taka citta meM icchA aura AkAMkSAe~ banI huI haiM, taba taka vyakti tanAva kI sthiti meM hI rahatA hai| jaba taka tanAva hai taba taka caitasika samatva kA abhAva hotA hai / isa AdhAra para hama yaha spaSTa kaha sakate haiM ki vyakti meM icchA aura AkAMkSA kI upasthiti hI use samatva se vicalita karatI hai| ataH unheM samatva se vicalana kA dUsarA mahattvapUrNa kAraNa mAnA jA sakatA hai / virati kA abhAva avirati hai / 101 pramAda samatva ke vicalana kA tIsarA kAraNa pramAda yA asajagatA hai / hamArI cetanA ko samatva se vicalita karane vAlA tIsarA kAraNa pramAda hai / pramAda kA artha asajagatA hai| asajaga vyakti ke sAmane apanA lakSya spaSTa nahIM hotA aura na vaha apane hitAhita kA vicAra kara sakatA hai| ataH usakA samatva se vicalita honA svAbhAvika hai| asajagatA anirNayAtmaka hotI hai / anirNaya kI avasthA meM citta kA vicalana banA rahatA hai / jahA~ citta vicalita rahatA hai, vahA~ nizcaya hI samatva kA abhAva hotA hai / samatvayoga ke sAdhaka ko apramatta yA sajaga honA Avazyaka hai; kyoMki binA sajagatA ke cittavRtti kI ekAgratA sambhava nahIM hai aura jahA~ citta kI vRttiyA~ vicalita hotI rahatI haiM, vahA~ samatva sambhava nahIM hotA / sUtrakRtAMgasUtra meM pramAda ko karma aura apramAda ko akarma kahA gayA hai / ' isakA tAtparya yaha hai ki jaba taka pramAda hai taba taka 102 101 sarvArthasiddhi 1/32 / 102 'koha ca mANaM ca taheva mAyaM / jaina darzana meM samatvayoga kI sAdhanA lobhaM cautthaM ajjhattha dosA / / 26 / / ' -sUtrakRtAMga 1/6 /

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jaina sAdhanA meM samatvayoga kA sthAna karmabandha hai aura jaba taka karmabandha hai taba taka AtmA samatva kI avasthA ko prApta karane meM asamartha rahatI hai / pramAda yA asajagatA kI avasthA meM vyakti ke citta para vAsanAe~ hAvI rahatI haiM aura jahA~ hamArI cetanA vAsanAoM se AkrAnta hotI hai vahA~ usakA samatva vicalita ho jAtA hai / isaliye samatva se vicalana ke kAraNoM meM eka hetu pramAda hI hai / jainadarzana meM kaSAyoM kI avasthiti ko bhI pramAda hI kahA gayA hai / kintu yahA~ hama kaSAyoM ke sandarbha meM alaga se carcA kara rahe haiM / isaliye prastuta carcA ko yahIM virAma denA cAheMge / kaSAya samatva se vicalana ke kAraNoM meM kaSAya kA eka mahattvapUrNa sthAna rahA huA hai / kaSAya zabda kA artha yahI hai ki jo AtmA ko kRza kare vahI kaSAya hai / 103 jainadarzana meM krodha, mAna, mAyA aura lobha ko kaSAya kahA gayA hai| inake nAmoM se hI yaha spaSTa ho jAtA hai ki ye hamArI AtmA ke samatva ko vicalita karate haiN| kyoMki vyakti jaba krodha ke Avega se AkrAnta hotA hai, taba usakI cittavRtti kA samatva bhaMga ho jAtA hai / krodha meM honA asajagatA to hai, sAtha hI vaha hamArI cetanA kI tanAvapUrNa sthiti kA bhI sUcaka hai / ataH jahA~ krodha hai, vahA~ cittavRtti kA samatva sambhava hI nahIM hai| krodha meM hamArA zarIra aura hamArI cetanA donoM hI tanAvagrasta bane rahate haiM / ataH krodha ko caitasika viSamatA kA kAraNa mAnA jA sakatA hai / 105 kaSAya kA dUsarA rUpa mAna yA ahaMkAra kI vRtti hai / jisa vyakti ke andara ahaMkAra kI bhAvanA kA udaya hotA hai; vaha vyakti apane ko dUsaroM se zreSTha samajhane kA prayAsa karatA hai / " yahA~ U~ca-nIca kI bhAvanA na kevala usake caitasika samatva ko bhaMga karatI hai, apitu hamAre sAmAjika samatva ko bhI bhaMga karatI hai / 103 104 105 (ka) sarvArthasiddhi 6 / 4 / (ka) sthAnAMgasUtra 4 / 1/251 / (ga) samavAo / samavAya 4/1 1 AcArAMgasUtra 1/1/11 / 36 (kha) tattvArthavArtika 6/4/2 / (kha) prajJApanAsUtra 23/1/260 / (gha) vizeSAvazyakabhASya 2684 /

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40 jaina darzana meM samatvayoga kI sAdhanA jAti, kula, jJAna, sampatti kisI bhI prakAra kI sthiti kA ahaMkAra karanA citta kI viSamatA kA hI kAraNa hai| ahaMkArI vyakti kA citta sadaiva azAnta banA rahatA hai| mAtra yahI nahIM, usameM pUjA aura pratiSThA kI AkAMkSAe~ bhI vRddhi ko prApta hotI rahatI haiN| unakI upalabdhi meM bAdhA Ane para vaha krodha se AviSTa ho jAtA hai, to dUsarI ora mAna-sammAna kI prApti ke lie aneka prakAra ke chala-chadma karatA hai| isa prakAra usakA citta anya-anya kaSAyoM se bhI AkrAnta banA rahatA hai| yaha usakI cittavRtti kI viSamatA kA hI sUcaka hai| isa prakAra samatva ke vicalana kA kAraNa vyakti kI ahaMkAra vRtti bhI hai| kaSAyoM meM tIsarA sthAna mAyA yA kapaTa vRtti kA hai| kapaTa kA artha dUsaroM ko dhokhA dene kI pravRtti hai| sAtha hI vaha vyakti ke jIvana ke doharepana ko bhI prakaTa karatI hai| vyakti jo kucha aura jaisA hai, vaisA apane ko prakaTa na karake dUsaroM ke sAmane apane ko anya rUpa meM prastuta karatA hai| isa prakAra kapaTa kI vRtti ke Ate hI caitasika samatva yA caitasika zAnti bhaMga ho jAtI hai| jIvana meM doharApana svayaM hI isa bAta kA pratIka hai ki usakA citta azAnta hai| kyoMki jo kapaTa karatA hai, vaha hamezA isa bAta se bhayabhIta rahatA hai ki kahIM satyatA ujAgara na ho jaave| isa prakAra kapaTI vyakti ke mana meM bhaya kI bhAvanA bhI hotI hai aura jahA~ bhaya kI bhAvanA hai, vahA~ Antarika samatA sambhava nahIM hai| isa prakAra mAyAcAra yA chala-chadma kI vRtti hI vyakti ke caitasika samatva ke bhaMga hone kA eka pramukha kAraNa hai| kapaTa kI vRtti aura caitasika samatA eka sAtha nahIM raha skte| isaliye viSamatA ke kAraNoM meM eka mahattvapUrNa kAraNa mAyAcAra yA kapaTa vRtti hI mAnA jAtA hai| mAyAvI aura pramAdI bAra-bAra janma letA hai - usakA saMsAra-paribhramaNa kabhI samApta nahIM hotaa|06| kaSAya meM lobha kA cauthA sthAna hai| lobha kA artha hai vyakti ke mana meM icchA aura AkAMkSA kA banA rhnaa| jIvana meM jaba taka icchA AkAMkSA yA tRSNA kI sattA hai taba taka cittavRtti kA samatva 106 'mAI pamAI puNarei gabbhaM / ' -AcArAMgasUtra 3/1 / .

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jaina sAdhanA meM samatvayoga kA sthAna 41 sambhava nahIM hotaa| citta meM jaise hI koI AkAMkSA yA icchA utpanna hotI hai to usakA samatva vicalita ho jAtA hai| jisa vyakti meM icchA aura AkAMkSAoM kA stara jitanA tIvra hotA hai vaha vyakti utanA hI azAnta rahatA hai| isakA tAtparya yaha hai ki jIvana meM jaba taka icchA aura AkAMkSAeM banI huI haiM taba taka samatva kI sAdhanA yA jIvana meM samatva kA avataraNa sambhava nahIM hotaa| vyakti jitanA-jitanA icchA aura AkAMkSAoM se Upara uThatA hai, utanA-utanA vaha samatva kI sAdhanA meM gatizIla banatA hai| yadi gambhIratA se vicAra kareM to cittavRtti kI viSamatA kA mUla kAraNa to lobha hI hai| lobha se hI icchAoM aura AkAMkSAoM kA janma hotA hai aura jaba hamArI icchA aura AkAMkSAoM kI pUrti meM koI bAdhA upasthita karatA hai to krodha kA janma hotA hai| dUsarI ora vyakti icchA aura AkAMkSAoM kI pUrti ke liye aneka prakAra kA mAyAcAra karatA hai| icchita viSaya aura AkAMkSAoM kI pUrti hone para ahaMkAra kA janma hotA hai| isa prakAra cAroM kaSAyoM ke mUla meM bhI lobha kaSAya kI sattA banI rahatI hai| jainadarzana ke anusAra lobha kaSAya kI samApti bhI sabake anta meM hotI hai| AcArAMgasUtra meM batAyA gayA hai ki sukha kI kAmanA karanevAlA lobhI bAra-bAra duHkha kA prApta karatA hai| sAmAnya bhASA meM lobha ko pApa kA mUla kahA gayA hai| isakA artha yaha huA. ki pApoM kA janma lobha kI pravRtti se hI hotA hai| yadi hama vizva ke saMgharSoM yA yuddhoM ke mUla kAraNoM ko dekheM to kahIM na kahIM unake mUla meM lobha yA lAlasA kA tatva nihita hotA hai| lAlasA cAhe indriya viSayoM kI pUrti ke liye ho, cAhe dhana sampatti yA bhUmi ke svAmitva ke liye ho vaha lobha kA hI eka rUpa hai| isa prakAra hama dekhate haiM ki viSamatAoM kA mUla kAraNa kahIM na kahIM lobha hI hai| isa prakAra saMsAra aura cittavRtti meM jo viSamatAe~, virUpatAe~ aura saMgharSa haiM ve saba krodha, mAna, mAyA aura lobha ke nimitta se hI hote haiN| 107 'sUhaTTI lAlappamANe saeNa dUkkheNa mUDhe vippariyAsamuveti / / 151 / / -AcArAMgasUtra 2/6 /

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42 jaina darzana meM samatvayoga kI sAdhanA yoga jainadarzana meM bandhana ke kAraNoM meM yoga ko bhI sthAna diyA gayA hai| yahA~ yoga zabda kA tAtparya mana, vacana aura kAyA kI pravRttiyA~ haiM, jinheM hama mAnasika, vAcika aura kAyika kriyAe~ bhI kaha sakate haiN| kintu yaha dhyAna rakhanA Avazyaka hai ki kriyAe~ svataH bandhana kA kAraNa nahIM bntii| jaina karma siddhAnta ke anusAra krodhAdi kaSAyoM se anuraMjita kriyAe~ hI bandhana kA kAraNa haiN| saMsAra meM jo viSamatAe~ haiM, ve karmajanya haiM arthAt unake pIche kahIM na kahIM manuSya kI kAyika, vAcika yA mAnasika kriyAe~ rahI huI haiN| jaba vyakti vAsanAoM yA krodhAdi AvegoM se prerita hokara koI kriyA karatA hai, to vaha apane vaiyaktika jIvana aura sAmAjika jIvana ko viSama sthitiyoM meM DAla detA hai| yadyapi viSamatA ke mUla meM to kahIM na kahIM vyakti kI icchAe~, AkAMkSAe~ athavA Avega hI kArya karate haiM, kintu unako abhivyakti to mAnasika, vAcika yA kAyika kriyAoM ke dvArA hI milatI hai| ataH hama yaha kaha sakate haiM ki vAsanAoM, icchAoM aura kaSAya dRSTi AvegoM se anuprerita jo mAnasika, vAcika, kAyika kriyAe~ haiM, ve bhI viSamatAoM ko utpanna karane meM eka pramukha kAraNa banatI haiN| viSamatAe~ cAhe caitasika hoM yA sAmAjika, ve akAraNa nahIM hotiiN| unake pIche koI na koI kAraNa avazya hotA hai| yadi hama una kAraNo kA vizleSaNa kareM to nizcita rUpa se yaha kaha sakate haiM ki vyakti kA mithyA dRSTikoNa, aniyantrita va asaMyamita vyavahAra, asajagatA aura vAsanAoM yA kaSAyoM se udvelita mAnasika, vAcika aura zArIrika kriyAe~ hI caitasika aura vaizvika viSamatAoM kI mUla kAraNa haiN| jaba taka ye kAraNa bane hue haiM taba taka na to vaiyaktika jIvana meM samatva yA zAnti kI upalabdhi ho sakatI hai aura na sAmAjika yA samatA kI saMsthApanA ho sakatI hai| agale adhyAyoM meM hama dekheMge ki ye viSamatAe~ kitane prakAra kI haiM aura samatvayoga kI sAdhanA ke dvArA inakA nirAkaraNa kaise sambhava hai ? / / prathama adhyAya smaapt||

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gajasukamAra muni ko somila vipra dvArA upasarga mahAkAla zamazAna meM dhyAna

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adhyAya 2 jainadarzana kA trividha sAdhanAmArga aura samatvayoga hotA hai ki mokSa lie kI jAtI ha, mAnA gayA 2.1 samyagdarzana aura samatvayoga (samyaktva) kI AdhArabhUmi - sama, saMvega, nirveda, anukampA evaM Astikya jainadarzana meM mokSa ko sAdhya mAnA gayA hai| usameM sampUrNa sAdhanA mokSa ke lie kI jAtI hai| ataH yahA~ yaha prazna upasthita hotA hai ki mokSa kyA hai? AcArya kundakunda ne moha aura kSobha se rahita AtmA kI samatvapUrNa avasthA ko hI mokSa kahA hai|' bhagavatIsUtra meM jaba bhagavAna se yaha pUchA gayA ki AtmA kyA hai aura AtmA kA sAdhya kyA hai to unhoMne kahA ki "samatva" hI AtmA hai aura samatva ko prApta kara lenA hI AtmA kA sAdhya hai| isase bhI yahI phalita hotA hai ki AtmA kI samatvapUrNa avasthA hI mokSa hai| samatva AtmA kA svarUpa bhI hai aura AtmA kA sAdhya bhI hai| jainadarzana meM sAdhya aura sAdhana meM abheda mAnA gayA hai| yahI kAraNa hai ki usameM samatva ko AtmA kA sAdhya aura sAdhana donoM hI kahA gayA hai| jaina dArzanikoM ne kahA hai ki sAdhaka kA sAdhya usase bAhara nahIM; vaha usake andara hI hai| samatvayoga kI sAdhanA ke dvArA bhI jise pAyA jAtA hai vaha samatva hI hai| sAdhya bAhya upalabdhi nahIM hai, apitu vaha andara kI gaharAI meM apane hI zuddha svarUpa kI abhivyakti hai| jisa prakAra bIja meM vRkSa banane kI kSamatA rahI huI pravacanasAra 1/7 / bhagavatIsUtra 1/6/228 /

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44 jaina darzana meM samatvayoga kI sAdhanA hai, vaise hI AtmA meM paramAtmA banane kI kSamatA rahI huI hai| punaH yaha paramAtmadazA bhI AtmA kI hI samatvapUrNa vItarAga avasthA hai| samatva se vicalita honA - yahI saMsAra hai, bandhana hai aura yahI duHkha bhI hai; jabaki samatva kI upalabdhi hI mukti hai| isalie samatvarUpa mokSa kI upalabdhi ke lie samatvayoga kI sAdhanA Avazyaka hai| mUla meM to samatvayoga hI eka mAtra mokSamArga hai| kintu AtmA ke vividha pakSoM ke AdhAra para dvividha, trividha Adi mokSamArga kA vivecana bhI jainadarzana meM milatA hai| mokSa samatvarUpa hai, ataH samatva AtmA kA sAdhya bhI hai aura sAdhana bhii| jainadarzana meM samatvayoga yA sAmAyika kI sAdhanA ko hI mokSamArga kahA gayA hai| jaisA ki hama pUrva meM saMketa kara cuke hai ki AcArya haribhadra ke anusAra vyakti cAhe kisI bhI paramparA kA ho; yadi vaha samabhAva kI sAdhanA karegA to nizcita hI mokSa ko prApta kregaa| AcArAMgasUtra meM bhI samabhAva kI sAdhanA ko dharma yA mokSamArga ke rUpa meM vivecita kiyA gayA hai| isa prakAra yadi mokSamArga ke rUpa meM kisI eka ko hI sAdhana batAnA ho to vaha samatvayoga kI sAdhanA hai| kyoMki samatva AtmA kA svarUpa hai aura vahI sAdhya hai| yadi hameM dvividha rUpa se mokSamArga kI carcA karanA ho to jJAna aura kriyA ko mokSa kahA gayA hai| sUtrakRtAMgasUtra meM "vijjAcaraNa pamokkho" kahakara isa trividha mokSamArga kA ullekha huA hai| vahA~ jJAna aura AcaraNa ko hI mokSamArga ke rUpa meM svIkAra kiyA gayA hai| yahA~ yaha jJAtavya hai ki mokSamArga ke aMga ke rUpa meM jJAna aura AcaraNa ko samatva se yukta arthAta samyak honA caahie| dazavaikAlikasUtra meM bhI prathama jJAna aura phira dayA arthAta ahiMsA kA pAlana, aisA kahakara isI dvividha mokSamArga kA vivecana huA hai| vizeSAvazyakabhASya meM isa bAta para vizeSa bala diyA gayA hai ki mukti jJAna aura kriyA ke samanvaya se hI hotI 3 (ka) 'seyambaro vA Asambaro vA baddho vA taheva anno vA / samabhAva bhAviyappA lahara mukkhaM na saMdehA / / ' (kha) samiyAe dhamme AriyehiM paveie / sUtrakRtAMgasUtra 1/12/11 / dazavaikAlikasUtra 8/1/14, 16 / -haribhadra / -AcArAMgasUtra 1/5/3/57 /

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jainadarzana kA trividha sAdhanAmArga aura samatvayoga hai| vahA~ aneka udAharaNoM se isa bAta ko puSTa kiyA gayA hai| uttarAdhyayanasUtra meM bhI mokSamArga ko jJAna aura cAritra ke rUpa meM svIkAra kiyA gayA hai / sAdhanAmArga meM jJAna aura kriyA (vihita AcaraNa) ke zreSThatva ko lekara vivAda calA A rahA hai| vaidika yuga meM jahA~ vihita AcaraNa kI pradhAnatA rahI hai, vahA~ aupaniSadika yuga meM jJAna para bala diyA gayA / jaina paramparA ne prArambha se hI sAdhanA ke kSetra meM jJAna aura kriyA kA samanvaya kiyA hai| mahAvIra aura unake bAda ke jaina vicArakoM ne bhI jJAna aura AcaraNa donoM se samanvita sAdhanApatha kA upadeza diyA / unakA yaha spaSTa nirdeza thA ki mukti na to mAtra jJAna se prApta ho sakatI hai aura na kevala sadAcaraNa se / jJAnamArgI aupaniSadika evaM sAMkhya paramparAoM kI samIkSA karate hue uttarAdhyayanasUtra meM spaSTa kahA gayA hai ki pApa kA tyAga kiye binA hI mAtra yathArthatA ko jAnakara AtmA sabhI duHkhoM se chUTa jAtI hai; kucha vicAraka aisA mAnate haiN| lekina bandhana aura mukti ke siddhAnta meM vizvAsa karane vAle ye vicAraka saMyama kA AcaraNa nahIM karate hue kevala vacanoM se hI AtmA ko AzvAsana dete haiM / " sUtrakRtAMgasUtra meM kahA gayA hai ki manuSya cAhe vaha brAhmaNa ho, bhikSuka ho, aneka zAstroM kA jAnakAra ho athavA apane ko dhArmika prakaTa karatA ho yadi usakA AcaraNa acchA nahIM hai to vaha apane karmoM ke kAraNa duHkhI hI hogaa| Avazyakaniryukti meM jJAna aura cAritra ke pArasparika sambandha kA vivecana vistRta rUpa meM hai / usake kucha aMza isa samasyA kA hala khojane meM hamAre sahAyaka ho skeNge| niryuktikAra bhadrabAhu kahate haiM ki AcaraNavihIna aneka zAstroM ke jJAtA bhI saMsAra - samudra se pAra nahIM hote / binA AcaraNa 6 vizeSAvazyakabhASya 2675 / uttarAdhyayanasUtra 17 /20 | (ka) 'ihamege u mantranti, appaccakkhAya pAvagaM / AyariyaM vidittANaM, savvadukkhA vimuccaI // 6 // (kha) bhatA akarentA ya, bandhamokkhapaiNNiNo / vAyAviriyametteNa, samAsArseti appayaM ||10|| ' sUtrakRtAMgasUtra 2/1/7 / 7 t 6 45 -uttarAdhyayanasUtra adhyayana 6 /

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46 jaina darzana meM samatvayoga kI sAdhanA ke koI mukti prApta nahIM kara sktaa| jisa prakAra nipuNa cAlaka bhI vAyU yA gati kI kriyA ke abhAva meM jahAja ko icchita kinAre para nahIM pahu~cA sakatA; vaise hI jJAnI AtmA bhI tapa aura saMyamarUpa sadAcaraNa ke abhAva meM mokSa prApta nahIM kara sktii| tairanA jAnate hue bhI yadi koI kAyaceSTA na kare to DUba jAtA hai; usakA kArya siddha nahIM hotaa| vaise hI zAstroM ko jAnate hue bhI jo dharma kA AcaraNa nahIM karatA, vaha DUba jAtA hai|" jaise candana DhonevAlA candana kI sugandha se lAbhAnvita nahIM hotA; mAtra bhAravAhaka hI banA rahatA hai, vaise hI AcaraNa se hIna jJAnI jJAna ke bhAra kA vAhaka mAtra hai| isase use koI lAbha nahIM hotaa| jJAna aura kriyA ke pArasparika sambandha ko loka prasiddha andhapaMgu nyAya ke AdhAra para spaSTa karate hue AcArya likhate haiM ki jaise vana meM dAvAnala lagane para paMgu use dekhate hue bhI gati ke abhAva meM jala maratA hai aura andhA samyak mArga na khoja pAne ke kAraNa jala maratA hai; vaise hI AcaraNa vihIna jJAna aura jJAna vihIna AcaraNa donoM nirarthaka haiM - saMsAra rUpI dAvAnala se sAdhaka ko bacAne meM asamartha haiN| jisa prakAra eka cakra se ratha nahIM calatA; akelA andhA, akelA paMgU icchita sAdhya taka nahIM pahu~ca sakate; vaise hI mAtra jJAna athavA mAtra kriyA se mukti nahIM hotI, varan donoM ke sahayoga se mukti hotI hai| bhagavatIsatra meM jJAna aura kriyA meM se kisI eka ko svIkAra karane ko mithyA kahA gayA hai| 'jJAna kriyAbhyAma mokSaH' - donoM ke samanvaya se hI mokSa kI upalabdhi hotI hai| mahAvIra ne jJAna aura kriyA ke pArasparika sambandha kI dRSTi se eka caturbhagI kA kathana kiyA hai : 1. kucha vyakti jJAna sampanna haiM, lekina cAritra sampanna nahIM haiM; 2. kucha vyakti cAritra sampanna haiM, lekina jJAna sampanna nahIM haiM; 3. kucha vyakti na jJAna sampanna haiM, na cAritra sampanna haiM; aura 4. kucha vyakti jJAna sampanna bhI haiM aura cAritra sampanna bhI haiN| Avazyakaniyukti 65-67 / vizeSAvazyakabhASya 1151-54 / Avazyakaniyukti 100 / Avazyakaniyukti 101-102 / bhagavatIsUtra 8/10/41 /

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jainadarzana kA trividha sAdhanAmArga aura samatvayoga mahAvIra ne inameM se saccA sAdhaka use hI kahA hai, jo jJAna aura kriyA tathA zruta aura zIla donoM se sampanna hai| isa prakAra jaina vicAraNA yaha batAtI hai ki jJAna aura kriyA donoM hI naitika sAdhanA ke lie Avazyaka haiN| jJAna aura cAritra kI samavet sAdhanA se hI duHkha kA kSaya hotA hai| kriyAzUnya jJAna aura jJAnazUnya kriyA donoM hI ekAnta haiM aura ekAnta dRSTi jainadarzana kI vicAraNA ke anusAra samyak nahIM hai| jainadarzana anekAntavAdI hai| vaidika paramparA meM jJAna aura kriyA ke samanvaya se mukti __ jaina paramparA ke samAna vaidika paramparA meM bhI jJAna aura kriyA donoM ke samanvaya meM hI mukti kI sambhAvanA mAnI gaI hai| nRsiMhapurANa meM bhI Avazyakaniyukti ke samAna siddha kiyA gayA hai ki jaise rathahIna azva aura azvahIna ratha anupayogI hai; vaise hI vidyA vihIna tapa aura tapa vihIna vidyA nirarthaka hai| jaise do paMkhoM ke kAraNa pakSI kI gati hotI hai, vaise hI jJAna aura karma donoM ke sahayoga se mukti hotI hai| kriyAvihIna jJAna aura jJAnavihIna kriyA donoM nirarthaka haiN| buddha ne kriyAzUnya jJAna aura jJAnazUnya kriyA donoM ko hI apUrNa mAnA hai| unhoMne zIla aura prajJA - donoM kA samAna rUpa se mahattva svIkAra kiyA hai| jaina darzana kA trividha mokSamArga : trividha mokSamArga kI carcA jaina granthoM meM upalabdha hotI hai| sthAnAMgasUtra, samavAyAMga Adi AgamoM meM trividha mokSamArga kA spaSTa ullekha milatA hai| umAsvAti ne tattvArthasUtra meM bhI isa trividha mokSamArga kI carcA kI hai| isameM isake samyagdarzana, samyagjJAna aura samyak-cAritra - ye tIna aMga batAye gaye haiN| uttarAdhyayanasUtra aura AcArya kundakunda ke granthoM meM caturvidha mokSamArga kA ullekha 15 nRsiMhapurANa 61/6/11 / 'dI kvesTa oNphTara paraphekzana' pR. 63 / 'jaina, bauddha aura gItA ke AcAra darzanoM kA tulanAtmaka adhyayana' bhAga 2 pR.33 se uddhRta 'samyagdarzanajJAnacAritrANi mokSamArgaH / ' -tattvArthasUtra 1/1 /

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jaina darzana meM samatvayoga kI sAdhanA 18 milatA hai / " caturvidha mokSamArga ke rUpa meM darzana, jJAna, cAritra aura tapa ye cAra prakAra ke mukhya aMga mAne gaye haiM / isI prakAra jainAgamoM meM paMcavidha mokSamArga kA bhI ullekha milatA hai| paMcavidha mokSamArga ke rUpa meM jJAnAcAra, darzanAcAra, cAritrAcAra, tapAcAra aura vIryAcAra aise pAMca AcAroM kA ullekha huA hai / isa prakAra hama dekhate haiM ki jaina Agama sAhitya aura jainAcAryoM ke granthoM meM mokSamArga kA vivecana vividha dRSTiyoM se vividha rUpoM meM kiyA gayA hai / phira bhI una saba meM sAmAnya tattva yaha hai ki ve koI bhI samatva ke abhAva meM mokSamArga nahIM mAne gaye haiN| kyoMki jJAna, darzana, cAritra, tapa yA puruSArtha koI bhI yadi samyak dizA meM yojita nahIM ho, to vaha mokSamArga nahIM hai| isase yaha phalita hotA hai ki ina vividha mokSamArgoM kI sAdhanA ke mUla meM samatvayoga kI sAdhanA hI mUla AdhAra hai / ataH yahA~ yaha samajhane kI bhrAnti nahIM karanI cAhie ki vividha dRSTiyoM se kiye gaye vividha mokSamArgoM kA yaha vivecana paraspara virodhI hai / vastutaH ye sabhI samatvayoga kI sAdhanA ke vividha aMga haiM aura isa prakAra inake kendra meM to samatvayoga hI hai / 48 jainadarzana meM samyagdarzana, samyagjJAna aura samyak cAritra ke rUpa meM jo trividha mokSamArga hai, vastutaH vaha samatvayoga kI sAdhanA kA hI eka vyApaka rUpa hai / manovaijJAnikoM ke anusAra hamArI cetanA ke tIna pakSa haiM jAnanA, anubhava karanA aura icchA karanA / cetanA ke ina tIna pakSoM ko hI jainadarzana meM jJAna, darzana aura cAritra kahA gayA hai| vastutaH jJAna, darzana aura cAritra ye AtmA se bhinna nahIM haiN| AcArya hemacandra ne yogazAstra meM ina tInoM ko AtmA hI kahA hai, kyoMki ye AtmA se abhinna haiM / " AtmA kI jJAnAtmaka, anubhUtyAtmaka evaM saMkalpAtmaka zaktiyA~ jaba mithyAtva yA galata avadhAraNAoM se yukta hotI haiM to ve vyakti ko svabhAvadazA se cyuta karake vibhAvadazA meM le jAtI haiM / vahI bandhana kA kAraNa 16 18 - 16 'nANaM ca daMsaNaM ceva, caritaM ca tavo tahA / esa maggotti paNNato, jiNehiM varadaMsihiM / / 2 / / ' 'Atmaiva darzana - jJAna - cAritrANyathavA yateH / yat tadAtmaka evaiSa, zarIramadhitiSThiti / / 1 / / ' - - uttarAdhyayanasUtra adhyayana 28 / - yogazAstra 4 /

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jainadarzana kA trividha sAdhanAmArga aura samatvayoga 46 HHA banatI haiN| isake viparIta jaba yahI zaktiyA~ samatva se yukta hotI haiM, to hameM svabhAvadazA meM le jAtI haiM aura pariNAmataH mokSa kA kAraNa banatI haiN| isIlie jJAna, darzana aura cAritra jaba samyaktva yA samatva se yukta hote haiM, to ve mokSa kA mArga banate haiM aura jaba ve samatva se rahita hote haiM, to saMsAra kA kAraNa banate haiN| isalie hameM yaha samajha lenA cAhie ki samyagjJAna, samyagdarzana aura samyak-cAritra ke rUpa meM jo trividha mokSamArga kahA gayA hai, vaha vastutaH cetanA ke jJAnAtmaka, anubhUtyAtmaka aura saMkalpAtmaka pakSoM ko samatva se yojita karane kA eka prayAsa hI hai| ataH trividha sAdhanA mArga kI yaha vivecanA vastutaH samatvayoga ke hI tIna pakSoM kI vivecanA hai| vastutaH samyagjJAna hamArI jJAnAtmaka cetanA ko samatva se yukta banAtA hai| vaha hameM anAgrahI satya nirNayoM kI dizA meM prerita karatA hai| samyagdarzana hameM anukUla aura pratikUla anubhUtiyoM meM avicalita rahane yA pakSamoha se Upara uThane kA saMdeza detA hai; to samyaka-cAritra icchA evaM AkAMkSAjanya saMkalpoM se uThakara AtmA ko nirvikalpa banAtA hai| isa prakAra yaha trividha sAdhanA mArga bhI vastutaH AtmA ke tIna pakSoM ko samatva kI dizA meM yojita karane kI sAdhanA hI hai| Age hama yaha dekhane kA prayatna kareMge ki samyagjJAna, samyagdarzana aura samyakucAritra kI yaha sAdhanA kisa prakAra samatvayoga kI sAdhanA hai| samyagdarzana samatvayoga kI AdhAra bhUmi: jaisA hamane pUrva meM nirdeza kiyA hai ki samyagdarzana kI sAdhanA vastutaH samatvayoga kI sAdhanA hai| jainadarzana meM samyagdarzana ke pAMca aMga yA lakSaNa kahe gaye haiM - sama, saMvega, nirveda, anukampA aura Astikya (aasthaa)| ina pAMca lakSaNoM meM prathama lakSaNa sama yA samatva hI hai| yahA~ samatva kA artha cittavRtti kI nirAkulatA se hai| jIvana meM anukUla aura pratikUla paristhitiyA~ AtI haiN| yogazAstra meM bhI ina pAMca lakSaNoM kA vivecana milatA hai| uttarAdhyayanasUtra meM kahA gayA hai ki jaba taka indriyA~ haiM, taba taka 20 'zama saMvega-nirvedA'nukampA''stikyalakSaNaiH / lakSaNaiH paMcabhiH samyak samyaktvamupalakSyate / / 15 / / ' -yogazAstra /

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50 jaina darzana meM samatvayoga kI sAdhanA unakA unake viSayoM se samparka honA aparihArya hai| usa samparka ke pariNAmasvarUpa hameM kucha tathya anukUla aura kucha tathya pratikUla pratIta hote haiN| anukUla ke prati rAga yA Asakti kA janma hotA hai aura pratikUla ke prati ghRNA yA dveSa kaa| isa prakAra rAga aura dveSa kI upasthiti meM hamArI cittavRtti kA samatva bhaMga ho jAtA hai| samatvayoga kI sAdhanA kA artha anukUla aura pratikUla paristhitiyoM meM cittavRtti ko sama rakhanA hai| samyagdRSTi AtmA vahI kahI jAtI hai jo anukUla aura pratikUla paristhitiyoM meM vicalita nahIM hotii|" zama - zama kA artha hai prazama athavA krUra anantAnubandhI kaSAyoM kA anudaya - jaise kahA hai ki karma pravRttiyoM ke azubha vipAka (karmaphala) jAnakara AtmA ke upazamabhAva ko jAnakara aparAdhI para bhI krodha na karanA prazama hai| supravRtti meM saMlagna AtmA svayaM kI mitra hai evaM duSpravRtti meM saMlagna svayaM kI AtmA hI svayaM kI zatru hai|22 isa prakAra vivekapUrvaka kaSAyoM ko upazAnta karanA hI prazama hai| jainadarzana meM jise samyagdRSTi kahA gayA hai, use. gItA meM sthitaprajJa kahA gayA hai| gItA meM sthitaprajJa kA lakSaNa bhI yahI mAnA gayA hai ki jise sukha ke prati spRhA arthAt sukha kI cAhata nahIM hotI aura jo duHkha meM anudvigna rahatA hai, use hI sthitaprajJa kahA jAtA hai| aise vyaktitva ko hI jainadarzana meM samyagdRSTi kahA gayA hai| samyagdRSTi vaha hai jisakI cittavRttiyA~ anukUla aura pratikUla paristhitiyoM meM samatvapUrNa rheN| isa prakAra hama dekhate haiM ki samyagdRSTi yA samatvayogI kA mukhya lakSya samatva kI sAdhanA hI hai| samatva ke abhAva meM koI samyagdRSTi yA samatvayogI nahIM bana sktaa| saMvega - samyagdarzana kA dUsarA aMga saMvega mAnA gayA hai| saMvega zabda do zabdoM se milakara banA hai - sam + veg| krodha, mAna, 'lAbhAlAbhe suhe dukkhe, jIvie maraNe tahA / samo nindApasaMsAsu, tahA mANAvamANao / / 61 / / ' 'duHkheSvanudvigramanAH sukheSu vigataspRhaH / vItarAgabhayakrodhaH sthitadhIrmunirUcyate / / 56 / / ' -uttarAdhyayanasUtra adhyayana 16 / 22 -gItA adhyAya 2 /

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jainadarzana kA trividha sAdhanAmArga aura samatvayoga mAyA aura lobha rUpI AvegoM kA sama honA yahI saMvega hai| saMvega kA artha mokSa kI abhilASA kiyA gayA hai| AcArya rAmacandrasUri likhate haiM ki divya devoM ke sukha bhI yathArtha meM sukhAbhAsa haiM - pariNAmataH duHkhasvarUpa hI haiN| mokSa ke svarUpa ko jAnakara use prApta karane kI tIvra abhilASA rakhanA saMvega hai| uttarAdhyayanasUtra ke unatIsaveM adhyayana meM kahA gayA hai ki jIva saMvega se anuttara dharmazraddhA ko upalabdha karatA hai tathA mithyAtva se mukta hokara yathArtha darzana kI upalabdhi karatA hai| isa prakAra darzana vizodhi se sampanna jIva apanI sAdhanA se usI bhava meM yA tIsare bhava meM avazya mukta hotA hai| krodha, mAna, mAyA aura lobha jinheM jaina dharma meM kaSAya kahA gayA hai, ve hamArI cittavRtti ke samatva ko bhaMga karate haiN| ataH samyagdarzana kI sAdhanA kA lakSya yahI hotA hai ki ina AvegoM ke prasaMga upasthita hone para cittavRtti ko unase vicalita nahIM hone denaa| jisa vyakti ke krodha, mAna, mAyA aura lobha rUpI Avega sama ho gaye haiM arthAt una AvegoM ke kAraNa se jisakI cittavRtti vicalita nahIM banatI hai; vahI samyagdRSTi hai| isa prakAra samyagdarzana kA saMvega nAmaka jo dUsarA aMga hai| vaha bhI samatvayoga kI sAdhanA kA hI eka rUpa hai| nirveda - samyagdarzana kA tIsarA lakSaNa nirveda mAnA gayA hai| nirveda kA artha hai - anukUla aura pratikUla sthitiyoM meM cittavRtti kA aprabhAvita rhnaa| jaisA hama pUrva meM kaha cuke haiM ki saMsAra meM aisA koI bhI vyakti nahIM jisake jIvana meM anukUla aura pratikUla paristhitiyA~ nahIM AtI hoN| kintu zreSTha sAdhaka vahI kahalAtA hai, jo ina anukUla aura pratikUla paristhitiyoM meM aprabhAvita rahatA hai| nirveda kI sAdhanA vastutaH anukUla aura pratikUla paristhitiyoM meM cittavRttiyoM ko aprabhAvita rakhane kI sAdhanA hai| isa prakAra nirveda bhI kisI na kisI rUpa meM cittavRtti ke samatva kA hI sUcaka hai| isa prakAra 'appA kattA vikattA ya, duhANa ya suhANa ya / appA mittamamittaM ca, duppaTThiya supaTThio / / 37 / / ' -uttarAdhyayanasUtra adhyayana 20 / 'samyagdarzana' pR. 284 / -raamcndrsuurii| 24

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52 jaina darzana meM samatvayoga kI sAdhanA samyagdarzana ke uparokta tInoM aMga vastutaH samatvayoga kI sAdhanA se hI sambandhita haiN| anukampA - samyagdarzana kA cauthA aMga anukampA hai| anu kA artha pazcAt aura kampA kA artha kmpn| anukampA anu + kama + a + yama ke yoga se banA hai, jisakA artha hai dUsare kI pIr3A kI Atmavat anubhuuti| vastutaH anukampA kA udaya tabhI hotA hai, jaba para kI pIr3A hamArI arthAt sva kI pIr3A bana jAtI hai| para kI pIr3A kI Atmavat anubhUti se hI ahiMsA kA udaya hotA hai; jo jaina sAdhanA kA AdhAra tattva hai| ahiMsA kA vikAsa Atmavat dRSTi ke binA asambhava hai| punaH Atmavat dRSTi ke binA jIvana meM anukampA kA udaya nahIM hotaa| isalie ahiMsA aura anukampA donoM hI Atmavat dRSTi para AdhArita haiN| jaisA ki hamane pUrva meM batAyA thA ki samatvayoga kI sAdhanA ke lie bhI Atmavat dRSTi kA vikAsa Avazyaka hai| ataH samyagdarzana kA anukampA nAmaka yaha caturtha aMga bhI vastutaH samatvayoga kI sAdhanA se hI sambandhita hai| - Astikya - samyagdarzana kA pAMcavAM aMga AsthA yA Astikya hai| 'astibhAvaM Astikyam' arthAt jaba taka jIvana meM AsthA kA vikAsa nahIM hotA taba taka citta kI vRttiyA~ sthira nahIM rhtiiN| kyoMki sandeha kI upasthiti meM citta kI nirAkulatA yA nirvikalpatA sambhava nahIM hai| citta ko nirAkula banAne ke lie AsthA Avazyaka hai| AsthA ke pariNAmasvarUpa hI nirvikalpa dazA kI sAdhanA sambhava hotI hai| isa prakAra samyagdarzana kA yaha pAMcavA aMga bhI kisI na kisI rUpa meM samatvayoga kI sAdhanA se jur3A huA hai| ina saba AdhAroM para hama yaha kaha sakate haiM ki jainadarzana meM samyagdarzana kI sAdhanA samatvayoga kI sAdhanA kA hI eka prakAra hai| jaba taka anukUla aura pratikUla paristhitiyoM meM cittavRtti avicalita nahIM rahatI; taba taka koI bhI sAdhanA sArthaka nahIM ho sakatI aura samyagdarzana kI sAdhanA kA mukhya lakSya cittavRtti ko nirvikalpa aura avicalita rakhanA hai|

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jainadarzana kA trividha sAdhanAmArga aura samatvayoga 2.1.1 samyagdarzana : vItarAgatA yA samatva ke prati ananya niSThA jainadarzana meM samyagdarzana kA sambandha zraddhA se bhI mAnA gayA hai| uttarAdhyayanasUtra evaM tattvArthasUtra meM jIvAdi navatattva ke prati zraddhA ko hI samyagdarzana kahA gayA hai| jaisA hamane pUrva meM dekhA hai ki samyagdarzana ke jo pAMca aMga mAne gaye haiM, unameM Astikya ko bhI eka aMga mAnA gayA hai| Astikya kA artha ananya niSThA yA zraddhA hI hai| yahA~ yaha prazna uThatA hai ki samyagdarzana meM hama kisake prati zraddhA yA niSThA ko abhivyakta kreN| yadyapi prAcIna jainAcAryoM ne to jIvAdi navatattvoM ke prati ananya niSThA ko hI samyagdarzana kahA thA; kintu paravartI kAla meM deva, gurU aura dharma yA zAstra ke prati ananya niSThA ko bhI samyagdarzana kahA gayA hai aura yaha batAyA gayA hai ki deva ke rUpa meM vItarAga paramAtmA ke prati, gurU ke rUpa meM paMcamahAvratadhArI nirgrantha muni ke prati aura dharma ke rUpa meM ahiMsAmaya dharma ke prati yA zAstra ke rUpa meM jinavANI ke prati ananya niSThA hI samyagdarzana hai| kinta jainAcAryoM ke anusAra ye deva, gurU aura dharma AtmA se bhinna nahIM haiN| AtmA kA vItarAga zuddha svarUpa hI deva hai| AtmA dvArA usa paramAtmasvarUpa kI prApti ke prati jo puruSArtha kiyA jAtA hai; usake mArgadarzaka ke rUpa meM apanI AtmA hI gurU hai aura AtmA ke zuddha svabhAva meM ramaNa karanA hI dharma hai| isa prakAra jainadarzana meM zraddhA ke kendra ke rUpa meM jo deva, gurU aura dharma kI carcA huI hai| vaha bhI vastutaH AtmA kI anubhUti se bhinna nahIM hai| vizeSAvazyakabhASya meM jinabhadragaNikSamAzramaNa ne aura uttarAdhyayanasUtra 28/15 / tattvArthasUtra 1/14 / 'yA deve devatA buddhirgurau ca gurutAmatiH / dharme ca dharmadhIH zuddhA samyaktvamimucyate / / 2/2 / / ' 'hiMsArahiya thamme aTThArahadosa vajjie deve / / NiggaMthe pabbayaNe saddahaNaM hoi sammattaM / / 60 / / ' vizeSAvazyakabhASya - gAthA 118 / -yogazAstra / -mokSaprAbhRta gAthA / .

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54 jaina darzana meM samatvayoga kI sAdhanA Atmasiddhi meM zrImad rAyacandra ne nimna chaH bAtoM para ananya niSThA ko hI samyagdarzana kahA hai| yaha cha: bAteM nimna haiM - AtmA hai; AtmA nitya hai; AtmA kartA hai; AtmA bhoktA hai; AtmA kI mukti sambhava hai aura mukti kA mArga hai| ina cha: bAtoM para ananya niSThA rakhane ko samyagdarzana kahA gayA hai| kintu ye sabhI vyavahAra samyagdarzana ke lakSaNa haiN| nizcaya meM to samyagdarzana AtmA ke zuddha svarUpa meM ananya AsthA hai| DaoN. sAgaramala jaina likhate haiM ki merA zuddha svarUpa anantajJAna, anantadarzana aura ananta Anandamaya hai| para-bhAva yA Asakti hI bandhana kA kAraNa hai aura sva-svabhAva meM ramaNa karanA mokSa kA hetu hai| maiM svayaM hI (apane zuddha svarUpa meM) apanA Adarza huuN| deva, gurU aura dharma merI AtmA hI hai; aisI dRr3ha zraddhA kA honA hI nizcaya samyaktva hai| dUsare zabdoM meM Atma-kendrita honA hI nizcaya samyaktva hai| isakA tAtparya yaha hai ki jainadarzana meM zraddhA yA AsthA kA ananya kendra AtmA kA zuddha svabhAva yA vItarAgadazA hI mAnA gayA hai| yahI vItarAgadazA samatva kI avasthA hai aura isa prakAra samatva ke prati ananya niSThA samyagdarzana hai| jainadarzana meM munitva kA AdhAra samatva mAnA gayA hai| samatva kI sAdhanA hI munitva kI sAdhanA hai| AcArAMgasUtra ke prathama zrutaskandha ke paMcama adhyayana ke tRtIya uddezaka meM spaSTa rUpa se kahA gayA haiM ki jo samatva kA draSTA hai, vahI munitva kA draSTA hai aura jo munitva kA draSTA hai, vahI samatva kA draSTA hai|32 vastutaH samatva kI sAdhanA hI muni jIvana kI sAdhanA hai| donoM meM tAdAtmya hai| jahA~ samatva hai, vahIM munitva hai aura jahA~ munitva hai, vahIM samatva hai| muni apanI sAdhanA ke prathama caraNa meM yahI pratijJA letA hai ki "he pUjya! maiM samatva kI sAdhanArUpa sAmAyika ko svIkAra 30 AtmA che, te nitya che, che kartA nijakarma / che bhoktA valI mokSa che, mokSa upAya sudharma / / 4 / / ' -Atmasiddhi (SaTpada nAma kathana) / 31 'jaina, bauddha aura gItA ke AcAra darzanoM kA tulanAtmaka adhyayana' bhAga 2 pR. 56 / -DaoN. sAgaramala jaina / 22 'jaM sammaM ti pAsahA taM moNaM ti pAsahA / jaM moNaM ti pAsahA taM sammaM ti pAsahA / / 386 / / ' -AcArAMgasUtra 1/5/3 /

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jainadarzana kA trividha sAdhanAmArga aura samatvayoga 55 karatA hU~ aura sabhI pApamaya pravRttiyoM (sAvadya yoga) kA tyAga karatA hU~" -(sAmAyika suutr)| muni yathArtha vastu svarUpa kI hI zraddhA karatA hai| muni jIvana, zraddhA aura AsthA arthAta samyaktva kA sahabhAvitva batAte hue punaH Age kahA gayA hai ki jo sAdhaka karmoM se rahita hokara saba jAnatA hai, dekhatA hai - kisI prakAra kI Asakti, icchA yA paramArtha kA bhI jo vicAra nahIM karatA aura saMsAra kI gati-agati ko jAna kara janma maraNa ko samApta kara letA hai; vahI mokSa pada ko prApta kara letA hai|23 muni jIvana samyaktva se abhinna hai| samyaktva kA sthAna prathama hai| isake abhAva meM jJAna samyagjJAna nahIM hotA aura samyagjJAna ke binA cAritra bhI samyaka nahIM ho sktaa| deva, gurU aura dharma yA jinavANI meM pUrNa zraddhA rakhakara usakI ora abhimukha ho jAnA hI samyaktva yA samatva hai| isa prakAra AcArAMgasUtra meM samyaktva ke lie 'sammattaM, samma, samiyadaMsaNa' tathA samyagdRSTi ke lie 'sammattadaMsI, sammattadaMsiNa' zabda kA prayoga kiyA gayA hai| isa prakAra dRr3ha zraddhAna aura samabhAva samyaktva kI nIMva hai| inake abhAva meM muni jIvana bhI sambhava nahIM hai| - AcArAMgasUtra meM prastuta isa 'sammaM' zabda kA artha TIkAkAroM ne samyaktva yA samyagdRSTi hI kiyA hai| jinadAsagaNimahattara ne AcArAMgacUrNi tathA zIlAMkAcArya ne AcArAMgavRtti meM 'samma' zabda kA artha samyagdarzana yA samyaktva hI kiyA hai| AcArAMgasUtra meM eka sthAna para yaha kahA gayA hai ki samyagdRSTi koI pApa nahIM karatA hai| yahI vivecana prakArAntara se dazavaikAlikasUtra meM bhI milatA hai|36 yahA~ samyagdRSTi kA artha AtmadRSTA yA samatvayogI hI hai| samyagdRSTi jJAtA dRSTAbhAva kI avasthA hI hai| isa prakAra 'esa mahaM akammA jANai pAsai paDilehAe nAvakaMkhai iha / ___AgaI gaIM paritrAya accei jAi maraNassa vaTTamaggaM vikkhaaie||' -vahI 5/6 / 34 'jaheyaM bhagavayA paveiyaM tameva abhisameccA savvato savvattAe sammattameva smbhijaanniyaa|' -vahI 6/3 / 'tamhAtivijje paramaM ti NaccA sammattadaMsI Na karaI pAvaM / ' -AcArAMgasUtra 3/2 / 'sammaddiTThi sayA amUDhe, asthi hu nANe tava saMjameM a| tavasA ghuNaI purANa-pAvagaM maNa-vaya-kAya susavUDe je sa bhikkhU / / ' -dazavaikAlikasUtra 10/7 /

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jaina darzana meM samatvayoga kI sAdhanA samyagdarzana zabda samatva kA paryAyavAcI hI hai| AcArAMgasUtra ke prathama zrutaskaMdha ke paMcama adhyayana ke tRtIya uddezka meM spaSTa rUpa se yaha kahA gayA hai ki samyagdRSTi vIra puruSa isa saMsAra samudra ko pAra karate haiN| isalie unheM tIrNa, mukta yA virata kahA jAtA hai|37 AcArAMgasUtra ke isa kathana se yahI siddha hotA hai ki samatvayogI hI samyagdRSTi hotA hai aura use hI mukta, virata, tIrNa Adi nAmoM se jAnA jAtA hai| isa prakAra hama dekhate haiM ki jainadarzana meM samyagdRSTi aura samatvayogI paryAyavAcI ke rUpa meM prayukta hue haiN| yaha satya hai ki vartamAna meM samyagdarzana kA artha zraddhA yA AsthA kiyA jAtA hai; kintu jainadarzana meM zraddhA yA AsthA ko jJAna aura AcaraNa se pRthak nahIM kiyA gayA hai| sUtrakRtAMga meM spaSTa rUpa se yaha kahA gayA hai ki jo samatva kA dRSTA nahIM hai arthAt samyagdRSTi nahIM hai, aise aprabuddha vyakti kI samasta sAdhanA azuddha hI hotI hai| vaha saMsAra paribhramaNa kA kAraNa banatI hai| jainadarzana meM spaSTa rUpa se yaha kahA gayA hai ki samyaktva ke abhAva meM jJAna aura AcaraNa saMsAra paribhramaNa ke hI kAraNabhUta hote haiN| isa prakAra hama dekhate haiM ki samyagdarzana kI sAdhanA aura samatvayoga kI sAdhanA athavA jainadarzana kI pAribhASika zabdAvalI meM sAmAyika kI sAdhanA ko hI. vItarAga kI sAdhanA kahA jAya, to bhI atizayokti nahIM hogii| kyoMki vItarAga ke prati ananya niSThA hI samyagdarzana kA mUla artha hai aura vItarAga vahI hotA hai, jo samatvayogI hai aura jo samatvayogI hai vahI samyagdRSTi hai| isa prakAra samyagdarzana vItarAgatA yA samatvayoga eka dUsare ke paryAyavAcI hI siddha hote haiN| jaisA ki hamane pUrva meM dekhA hai ki samyagdarzana kA eka artha vItarAga yA vItarAga kI vANI ke prati ananya niSThA hI hai| vItarAga aura samatva eka dUsare ke paryAyavAcI hI haiN| vItarAgatA ke lie anAsakti Avazyaka hai aura jo sAMsArika 37 'na imaM sakkaM siDhilehiM addijjamANehiM guNAsAehiM vaMka samAyarehiM pamattehiM gAramAvasantehiM / vIrA samatta daMsiNo esa ohantare muNI tiNNe mutte virae viyAhie tibemi / / ' sutrakRtAMga 1/8/22 / -AcArAMgasUtra 5/3 /

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jainadarzana kA trividha sAdhanAmArga aura samatvayoga viSayoM meM Asakta nahIM hotA, kisI jaina kavi ne kahA hai ki " samyagdRSTi jIvar3A, 36 40 41 - yahA~ artha yaha hai ki antara meM anAsakti yA vItarAga bhAva utpanna hone para hI samyagdarzana sambhava hotA hai / isa prakAra samyagdarzana vastutaH vItarAgatA ke prati ananya niSThA aura jIvana meM usako AtmasAta karane ke prayatna karane meM nihita hai / samatvayogI vItarAgatA kA upAsaka hotA hai aura vItarAgatA ke upAsaka ko hI samyagdRSTi kahA jAtA hai / isa prakAra samyagdarzana zabda vItarAgatA yA samatva (samabhAva ) ke prati ananya niSThA kA hI vAcaka hai / santa AnandaghanajI ne bhI samyagdarzana ke mahattva evaM lakSaNa ko pratipAdita kiyA hai : 42 kare kuTumba pratipAla / antara sUM nyAro rahe, jyUM dhAya khilAve bAla / / " vahI samyagdRSTi kahA jAtA hai / paramAtmA ke yathArtha svarUpa ko jAnakara una para pUrNa zraddhA karanA samyagdarzana hai aura yahI AtmazAnti kA prathama sopAna hai / santa AnandaghanajI ne bhI uparokta paMktiyoM meM isI bAta para bala diyA hai| zraddhA ke binA sAdhaka sAdhanA meM praveza nahIM kara sakatA / zraddhA ke bhI do rUpa hote haiN| eka hai andhazraddhA aura dUsarI hai samyak zraddhA / gItA meM zraddhA ke tIna rUpa batAye gaye haiM sAttvika, rAjasika aura tAmasika zraddhA santa AnandaghanajI ne bhI samyagdarzana ke sandarbha meM zraddhA ke sthAna para zuddha zraddhAna kI carcA kI hai| AcArya samantabhadra ne bhI suzraddhA zabda prayukta kiyA hai| jo zraddhA jJAnapUrvaka hI hotI hai vahI samyak zraddhA hai aura use hI samyagdarzana kahA hai / 40 "bhAva avizuddha ju, kahyA jinavara deva re / te avitA sadda, prathama e zAnti pada seva re / / 36 dekhe Anandaghana granthAvalI, 'zAntijina stavana' / bhagavadgItA 16 / 2 / dekheM Anandaghana graMthAvalI, 'anantajina stavana' / 'suzraddhA mamate mate smRtirapi tvazyarcanaM cApi te / ' 57 - -stumividyA 114 /

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58 jaina darzana meM samatvayoga kI sAdhanA 2.2 samyagjJAna kyA, kyoM aura kaise hamane prArambha meM hI yaha saMketa diyA hai ki jainadharma meM samyagdarzana, samyagjJAna aura samyak cAritra vyavahAra dRSTi se hI eka dUsare se alaga-alaga mAne gaye haiM / nizcaya meM to ye eka dUsare se asaMpRkta nahIM haiM / AcArAMgacUrNi meM spaSTa rUpa se kahA gayA hai ki "jaM samattaM tattha niyamA nANaM, jattha nANaM tattha niyamA samattaM / 43 isa prakAra samyagdarzana aura samyagjJAna vastutaH eka dUsare se pRthak nahIM haiM / cUrNikAra kI dRSTi meM to jahA~ samyaktva hai, vahA~ jJAna hai aura jahA~ jJAna hai, vahA~ samyaktva hai| jainadarzana meM samyagjJAna aindrika jJAna yA bauddhika jJAna nahIM hai vaha satya kI sAkSAt anubhUti hai / yadi samyagdarzana kA artha AtmAnubhUti yA AtmasAkSAtkAra hai, to vaha samyagjJAna se pRthak nahIM hai / jainadarzana meM zraddhA kA artha kevala vizvAsa nahIM hai| zraddhA antara kI anubhUti se prakaTa hotI hai; jabaki vizvAsa bAhya tathyoM para hotA hai | zraddhA ke lie anubhUti Avazyaka hai / I pUrva meM hamane isa bAta kI carcA kI hai ki samyagdarzana kA prAcIna artha AtmAnubhUti yA AtmasAkSAtkAra rahA hai| anubhUti ke binA koI jJAna sambhava nahIM hai / ataH samyagjJAna aura samyagdarzana tatvataH eka dUsare se pRthak nahIM haiN| anubhUti ke binA jJAna aura jJAna ke binA anubhUti sambhava nahIM hai / jahA~ anubhUti hai, vahA~ jJAna hai aura jahA~ jJAna hai vahA~ anubhUti hai / ataH nizcaya meM to samyagdarzana aura samyagjJAna eka-dUsare se pRthak nahIM haiM / punaH jJAna aura darzana bhI AtmA para AdhArita haiN| AtmA ke binA jJAna aura jJAna ke binA AtmA kA koI artha nahIM hai / jo AtmA hai vaha niyamataH jJAnamaya hai / AcArAMgasUtra meM kahA gayA hai ki "jo AtmA hai, vaha vijJAtA hai aura jo vijJAtA hai, vahI AtmA hai / 44 phira bhI jainadarzana meM jo jJAna aura darzana kA bheda kiyA jAtA hai; vaha bheda vastutaH sAmAnya aura vizeSa jJAna kI dRSTi se kiyA jAtA hai 1 sAmAnya kA bodha yA anubhUti darzana hai aura isa anubhUti ke 43 AcArAMgacUrNi 5/3 | 44 'je AyA se viNNAyA je viNNAyA se AyA / ' -- * - AcArAMgasUtra 1/1/5/104 /

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jainadarzana kA trividha sAdhanAmArga aura samatvayoga 56 AdhAra para jo vizeSa bodha hotA hai, vahI jJAna kahalAtA hai| isI AdhAra para jaina dharma meM darzana ko anAkAra aura jJAna ko sAkAra kahA jAtA hai|5 jainadharma meM darzana nirvikalpa yA zuddha anubhUti hai aura jijJAsA ke pariNAmasvarUpa usa anubhUti ke sambandha meM jo vikalpa rUpa vizeSa bodha hotA hai, vaha jJAna kahalAtA hai| yadi jJAna aura darzana meM antara karanA ho, to hama isa AdhAra para kara sakate haiM ki darzana cintana rahita mAtra anubhUti hai aura jJAna cintana yA vimarza se yukta anubhUti hai| jJAna kA janma bhI anubhUti se hI hotA hai, kintu jaba hama kisI anubhUti ko vistAra se jAnane kA prayatna karate haiM to vahI anubhUti jJAna meM badala jAtI hai| ataH jJAna anubhUti yA darzana se pRthak nahIM haiN| vaha darzana kA hI eka agrima caraNa hai - vaha bhI AtmA kA svabhAva hI hai| kintu jainadarzana meM jisa jJAna ko mokSamArga kA aMga mAnA gayA hai, vaha jJAna vastu yA padArtha kA jJAna nahIM hai| vaha to AtmA kA jJAna hai| samyagjJAna kA sambandha padArthagata jJAna kI apekSA Atmika jJAna se adhika hai| jo jJAna hameM Atmabodha yA AtmAnubhUti kI dizA meM nahIM le jAtA, vaha samyagjJAna nahIM hai| sAdhanA kI dRSTi se to vahI jJAna samyagjJAna mAnA gayA hai, jisake dvArA hameM Atmatattva ke zuddha svarUpa kI anubhUti hotI hai| jainadarzana meM jIvAdi navatattvoM ke jJAna ko samyagjJAna kahA gayA hai| kintu yahA~ yaha vicAra kara lenA Avazyaka hai ki AtmA kI do avasthAe~ haiN| eka svabhAva avasthA aura dUsarI vibhAva avsthaa| samyagjJAna kA sambandha svabhAva ko svabhAvarUpa meM aura vibhAva ko vibhAva ke rUpa meM jAnanA hai| yadi vyakti AtmA kI vibhAva dazA ko hI svabhAvadazA mAnale, to usakA jJAna mithyA ho jAtA hai| yahI kAraNa hai ki jainadarzana meM mAtra jJAna ko mokSamArga nahIM kahA gayA hai; apitu samyagjJAna ko mokSamArga kahA gayA hai| samyagjJAna aura samyagdarzana kA pUrvAparatva : jaina granthoM meM samyagjJAna aura samyagdarzana ke pUrvAparatva ko 45 tattvArthasUtra 2/6 kI TIkA /

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60 jaina darzana meM samatvayoga kI sAdhanA lekara vibhinna prakAra ke sandarbha utpanna hote haiN| kahIM samyagdarzana ko samyagjJAna ke pahale sthAna diyA gayA hai; to kahIM samyagjJAna ko samyagdarzana ke pahale sthAna diyA gayA hai| tattvArthasUtra meM umAsvAti ne trividha sAdhanAmArga kI carcA karate hue pahale samyagdarzana ko aura phira samyagjJAna ko sthAna diyA hai| uttarAdhyayanasUtra ke andara pahale samyagjJAna aura phira usake bAda samyagdarzana ko sthAna diyA hai| ataH eka vivAdAtmaka sthiti utpanna hotI hai ki samyagdarzana aura samyagjJAna meM kise prAthamika mAnA jaaye| isa sambandha meM DaoN. sAgaramala jaina likhate haiM ki "sAdhanAtmaka jIvana kI dRSTi se bhI jJAna aura darzana meM kise prAthamika mAnA jAye, yaha nirNaya karanA sahaja nahIM hai| isa vicAra ke mUla meM tathya yaha hai ki jahA~ zraddhAvAdI dRSTikoNa se samyagdarzana ko prathama sthAna diyA gayA hai, vahIM jJAnavAdI dRSTikoNa zraddhA ke samyak hone ke lie jJAna kI prAthamikatA ko svIkAra karatA hai|" vastutaH isa sambandha meM koI bhI ekAMgI nirNaya lenA kaThina hai| yadi jJAna aura darzana paraspara sApekSa haiM aura Atmatattva kI apekSA se unameM tAdAtmya bhI hai, to phira isa sambandha meM koI bhI ekAMgI nirNaya ucita nahIM hogaa| vastutaH yaha isa bAta para nirbhara karatA hai ki hama darzana zabda kA kyA artha lete haiN| isa sambandha meM punaH DaoN. sAgaramala jaina likhate haiM ki hama apane dRSTikoNa se inameM se kise prathama sthAna deM, isakA nirNaya karane ke pUrva darzana zabda ke artha kA nizcaya kara lenA jarurI hai| darzana zabda ke do artha haiM - * yathArtha dRSTikoNa aura shrddhaa| yadi hama darzana kA yathArtha dRSTikoNa paraka artha lete haiM, to hameM sAdhanA mArga kI dRSTi se use prathama sthAna denA cAhie; kyoMki yadi vyakti kA dRSTikoNa hI mithyA hai - ayathArtha hai, to na to usakA jJAna samyak (yathArtha) hogA aura na cAritra hii| yathArtha dRSTi ke abhAva meM yadi jJAna aura cAritra samyak pratIta bhI hoM, to bhI ve samyak nahIM kahe jA skte| vaha to saMyogika prasaMga mAtra hai| aisA sAdhaka digbhrAnta bhI ho sakatA hai| jisakI dRSTi hI dUSita hai, vaha kyA satya ko jAnegA aura 46 'samyagdarzana jJAnacAritrANi mokSamArgaH / ' uttarAdhyayanasUtra 28/30 / / -tattvArthasUtra 1/1 / 47

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jainadarzana kA trividha sAdhanAmArga aura samatvayoga usakA AcaraNa kregaa| dUsarI ora yadi hama samyagdarzana kA zraddhAparaka artha lete haiM, to usakA sthAna jJAna ke pazcAta hI hogaa| kyoMki avicala zraddhA to jJAna ke pazcAt hI utpanna ho sakatI hai| uttarAdhyayanasUtra meM bhI darzana kA zraddhAparaka artha karate samaya use jJAna ke bAda hI sthAna diyA gayA hai| granthakAra kahate haiM ki jJAna se padArtha (tattva) svarUpa ko jAne aura darzana ke dvArA usa para zraddhA kre| vyakti ke svAnubhava (jJAna) ke pazcAt hI jo zraddhA utpanna hotI hai - usameM jo sthAyitva hotA hai, vaha jJAnAbhAva meM prApta huI zraddhA se nahIM ho sktaa| jJAna ke abhAva meM jo zraddhA hotI hai, usameM saMzaya hone kI sambhAvanA ho sakatI hai| aisI zraddhA yathArtha zraddhA nahIM, varan andhazraddhA hI ho sakatI hai| jinapraNita tattvoM meM bhI yathArtha zraddhA to unake svAnubhava evaM tArkika parIkSaNa ke pazcAt hI ho sakatI hai| yadyapi sAdhanA aura AcaraNa ke lie zraddhA anivArya tattva hai, lekina vaha jJAna prasUta honI caahie| uttarAdhyayanasatra meM spaSTa kahA hai ki dharma kI samIkSA prajJA ke dvArA kareM aura tarka se tattva kA vivecana kreN|deg unake uparokta kathana se yaha spaSTa ho jAtA hai ki hama darzana zabda kA artha anubhUti yA dRSTi karate haiM, to hameM samyagdarzana ko samyagjJAna ke pUrva svIkAra karanA hogA; kyoMki anubhUti yA dRSTi ke samyak hue binA jJAna samyaka nahIM ho sktaa| kintu yadi hama darzana kA artha zraddhA karate haiM, to hameM use samyagjJAna ke bAda hI svIkAra karanA hogA, kyoMki jJAna ke samyak hue binA zraddhA samyak nahIM ho sktii| jJAna ke abhAva meM zraddhA andhazraddhA se adhika nahIM hotI aura jainadarzana kahIM bhI andhazraddhA ko sthAna nahIM detA hai| isalie samyagdarzana zabda apane zraddhAparaka artha meM samyagjJAna ke pazcAt hI mAnA gayA hai| jahA~ taka samyagjJAna ke viSaya kA prazna hai, jaina dArzanika granthoM meM sadaiva hI jIvAdi navatattvoM ke jJAna ko samyagjJAna kA viSaya mAnA gayA hai| kintu ina tattvoM kA jJAna hI vastutaH AtmasApekSa hai| 'jaina, bauddha tathA gItA ke AcAradarzanoM kA tulanAtmaka adhyayana' bhAga 2 pR. 24 / uttarAdhyayanasUtra 28/35 / uttarAdhyayanasUtra 23/25 / -DaoN sAgaramala jaina /

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62 jaina darzana meM samatvayoga kI sAdhanA ataH samyagjJAna kA prAthamika aura mUla artha to AtmA ke zuddha svarUpa kA bodha aura Atma-anAtma viveka hI hai|' Age hama isa para vistAra se carcA kreNge| 2.2.1 samyagjJAna (Atma-anAtma viveka) : jainadarzana meM trividha sAdhanA mArga kA dUsarA aMga samyagjJAna mAnA gayA hai| samyagjJAna kA sAmAnya artha jIvana aura jagat ke yarthAtha svarUpa ko jAnanA hai| isI AdhAra para samyagjJAna ko tattvajJAna kahA jAtA hai| jaina dArzanikoM ke anusAra jIvAdi navatattvoM ke yathArtha svarUpa kA bodha hI samyagjJAna hai|52 yahA~ hamArA mukhya pratipAdya yaha hai ki samyagjJAna kA samatvayoga kI sAdhanA ke sAtha kisa prakAra kA sambandha hai| sAmAnyataH vyakti ke jIvana meM jo duHkha aura tanAva utpanna hote haiM, unakA mUla kAraNa vastu ke samyak svarUpa ke jJAna kA abhAva hai| jaba taka vyakti para-padArthoM ko apanA mAnakara unameM Asakta banA rahatA hai, unake prati mamatva buddhi rakhatA hai, taba taka vaha duHkha aura tanAva se mukta nahIM ho sktaa| manuSya ke duHkha aura tanAvoM kA mUla kAraNa 'para' yA 'anAtma' meM Atma buddhi kA AropaNa hai| isalie sAdhanA ke kSetra meM Atma-anAtma kA viveka Avazyaka mAnA gayA hai| jainadarzana meM ise bhedavijJAna ke nAma se jAnA jAtA hai| bhedavijJAna hI samyagjJAna hai| vyakti jaba taka sva-svarUpa kA bodha nahIM karatA, taba taka vaha para-padArthoM meM Asakta banA rahatA hai| yaha Asakti hI samatvayoga kI sAdhanA meM sabase bAdhaka tattva hai| isa Asakti yA rAga bhAva ko samApta karane ke lie Atma-anAtma kA viveka Avazyaka hai| isa prakAra Atma-anAtma kA viveka yA samyagjJAna yA bhedavijJAna samatvayoga kI sAdhanA kA eka Avazyaka upakaraNa hai| jaba taka hameM sva-para yA Atma-anAtma kA samyak bodha nahIM hogA, taba taka hamArI Asakti nahIM TUTegI aura jaba taka Asakti nahIM TUTegI taba taka samatvayoga kI sAdhanA saphala nahIM hogii| ' 52 navatattva prakaraNa - uddhRta AtmasAdhanA saMgraha pR. 151 / vahI /

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jainadarzana kA trividha sAdhanAmArga aura samatvayoga isase yaha phalita hotA hai ki samatvayoga kI sAdhanA ke lie samyagjJAna Avazyaka hai| bhAratIya dArzanikoM kA mAnanA hai ki Atma-anAtma kA viveka yA sva-para kA bodha sAdhanA ke rAjamArga para bar3hane ke lie Avazyaka hai| dazavaikAlikasUtra meM Arya zayyambhava likhate haiM ki jo Atma yA anAtma ke yathArtha svarUpa ko jAnatA hai, aisA jJAnavAna sAdhaka sAdhanA yA saMyama ke svarUpa ko bhI bhalIbhA~ti jAnatA hai| vaha bandhana aura mukti ke yathArtha svarUpa ko jAnakara sAMsArika bhogoM meM niHsAratA samajha letA hai| phalasvarUpa usase virakta ho jAtA hai aura virakta hokara vaha sva-svarUpa meM nimagna rahatA hai| usakI bahirmukhatA samApta ho jAtI hai aura isa prakAra vaha icchAoM aura AkAMkSAoM se mukta hokara samatva yA samabhAva meM sthira rahatA hai| samatvayoga kI sAdhanA kA mukhya lakSya vItarAga dazA ko prApta honA hai aura yaha vItarAga dazA Atma-anAtma ke viveka ke binA sambhava nahIM hotii| isase bhI yahI phalita hotA hai ki samatvayoga kI sAdhanA samyagjJAna ke abhAva meM sambhava nahIM hai| sAmAnyataH jJAna ke tIna stara mAne gaye haiM - indriyajanya jJAna, bauddhika jJAna aura AdhyAtmika jnyaan| sAdhanA kI dRSTi se indriyajanya jJAna aura bauddhika jJAna itane mahattvapUrNa nahIM haiN| indriyajanya jJAna ke dvArA hamArA sambandha bAhya jagata se jur3atA hai aura usake pariNAmasvarUpa anukUla padArthoM ke prati rAga aura pratikUla padArthoM ke prati dveSa utpanna hotA hai| rAga-dveSa ke kAraNa caitasika samatva bhaMga hotA hai| ataH sAdhanA kI dRSTi se indriyajanya jJAna ko mahattva nahIM diyA gayA hai| kyoMki isake kAraNa citta ke vicalana yA vibhAva pariNati hI hotI hai| bauddhika jJAna bhI cintanajanya hai aura cintana bhI kahIM na kahIM hamAre caitasika samatva ko bhaMga karatA hai| sAdhanA kA mukhya lakSya to vicAra-vikalpoM se Upara uThakara nirvikalpatA ko prApta karanA hai| bauddhika jJAna hameM nirvikalpadazA ko prApta karAne meM adhika sahAyaka nahIM hai| usase AtmAnubhUti sambhava nahIM hai| vaha Atma kendrita na hokara 53 dazavaikAlikasUtra 4/14-27 /

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jaina darzana meM samatvayoga kI sAdhanA para - kendrita hotA hai / ataH samatvayoga kI sAdhanA meM jo jJAna sahAyaka hai, vaha to kevala AdhyAtmika jJAna hai / AdhyAtmika jJAna AtmasAkSAtkAra kI avasthA hai / isa sthiti meM cetanA nirvikalpa dazA ko prApta hotI hai| DaoN. sAgaramala jaina kahate haiM ki yaha ( AdhyAtmika jJAna) nirvicAra yA vicAra zUnyatA kI avasthA hai / isa stara para jJAtA, jJAna aura jJeya kA bheda miTa jAtA hai / yahA~ jJAtA, jJAna aura jJeya sabhI AtmA hI hotI hai| jJAna kI yaha nirvicAra, nirvikalpa aura nirAzrita avasthA hI jJAnAtmaka sAdhanA kI pUrNatA hai / vahI kevalajJAna aura kevaladarzana hai / " AcArya kundakunda kahate haiM ki jo sarva nayoM se zUnya hai, vahI AtmA hai aura use hI kevalajJAna aura kevaladarzana kahA jAtA hai / " isa avasthA meM AtmA para-padArthoM kI grAhaka nahIM hotI hai. usameM Asakta yA mUrcchita nahIM hotI hai| vaha 'sva' meM avasthita rahatI hai| isa AdhyAtmika jJAna ke sambandha meM DaoN. rAdhAkRSNana kA kathana hai ki "jaba vAsanAeM mara jAtI haiM, taba mana meM aisI zAnti utpanna hotI hai, jisase Antarika niHzabdatA paidA hotI hai / isa niHzabdatA se antardRSTi utpanna hotI hai aura manuSya vaha bana jAtA hai, jo ki vaha tattvataH hai| vastutaH AdhyAtmika jJAna hI eka aisI avasthA hai, jisameM AtmA kI samatva meM avasthiti hotI hai I ataH samatvayoga kI sAdhanA meM jisa jJAna kI apekSA rahatI hai, vaha Atmika jJAna hI hai; kintu aisA Atmika jJAna sva-para yA Atma-anAtma ke viveka ke binA sambhava nahIM hai| jainadarzana meM AtmajJAna kI isa vidhi ko hI bhedavijJAna ke rUpa meM batAyA gayA hai / 64 2.2.2 bhedavijJAna kA svarUpa : AcArya amRtacandasUri kA kahanA hai ki jo bhI siddha hue haiM, ve bhedavijJAna se hue haiN| jo karma se ba~dhe hue haiM; ve bhI bhedavijJAna 54 55 56 'jaina, bauddha aura gItA ke AcAra darzanoM kA tulanAtmaka adhyayana' bhAga 2 pR. 74 / samayasAra gAthA 144 / bhagavadgItA (rA.) pR. 58 - DaoN. sAgaramala jaina /

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jainadarzana kA trividha sAdhanAmArga aura samatvayoga ke lie bhedavijJAna Avazyaka mAnA gayA hai / ke abhAva meM hI bandhe hue haiM ( samayasAra 130 ) / isa prakAra mukti bhedavijJAna Atma-anAtma kA viveka hai / ise hI gItA meM kSetra-kSetrajJa kA jJAna kahA gayA hai| bhedavijJAna hameM yaha batAtA hai ki AtmA kA svarUpa kyA hai aura 'para' kyA hai| binA AtmA ko jAne para - padArthoM se Asakti samApta nahIM hotI / Asakti ko samApta karane ke lie 'sva' ko sva ke rUpa meM aura 'para' ko para ke rUpa meM jAnanA hogA / bhedavijJAna hameM 'sva' aura 'para' kA bheda sikhAtA hai / isI 'para' ko para ke rUpa meM jAna lene para usase hamArI Asakti TUTatI hai / isIlie vaha samatvayoga kI sAdhanA kA aparihArya aMga hai / jaba hama 'para' ko para ke rUpa meM jAneMge, tabhI hamArI para ke prati rahI huI Asakti TUTegI aura jaba para ke prati rahI huI Asakti TUTegI, tabhI cittavRtti samatva meM avasthita hogI / bhedavijJAna meM jo Atma-anAtma yA sva-para kA viveka kiyA jAtA hai; usake lie sabase pahale yaha jAnanA Avazyaka hotA hai ki AtmA kA svarUpa kyA hai aura para kA svarUpa kyA hai / kyoMki AtmA ke sva-svarUpa ko jAnakara hI 'para' ko para ke rUpa meM jAnA jA sakatA hai / kyoMki jo AtmA nahIM hai, vahI para hai| isalie sva-svarUpa kA bodha hone para hI para kA bodha ho sakatA hai / yaha bhedavijJAna anAtma ke prati Atmabuddhi ke parityAga se hI hotA hai / ataH isake lie AtmajJAna yA sva-svarUpa kA bodha Avazyaka hai / kyoMki jaba taka sva-svarUpa kA bodha nahIM hogA, taba taka para ke prati mamatva buddhi dUra nahIM hogii| jaba taka para ke prati mamatva buddhi dUra nahIM hogI, taba taka rAga bhAva banA rahegA aura jaba taka rAga bhAva banA rahegA, taba taka icchAe~ aura AkAMkSAe~ janma letI raheMgI aura jaba taka icchAe~-AkAMkSAe~ raheMgI, taba taka cittavRtti meM samatva nahIM A sakatA / isalie samatva kI sAdhanA meM bhedavijJAna yA AtmA-anAtmA kA viveka Avazyaka hai| ise hIM jainadarzana meM samyagjJAna kahA jAtA hai / bhedavijJAna kyA hai? ise spaSTa karate hue DaoN. sAgaramala jaina 57 samayasAra TIkA 130-31 / 65

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jaina darzana meM samatvayoga kI sAdhanA likhate haiM ki Atmatattva ko jJAtA-jJeya rUpa jJAna ke dvArA nahIM jAnA jA sakatA; kyoMki AtmA jJAtA hai| lekina anAtma tattva to aisA hai, jise jJAtA-jJeya rUpa jJAna kA viSaya banAyA jA sakatA hai| sAmAnya vyakti bhI isa sAdhAraNa jJAna ke dvArA itanA to jAna sakatA hai ki anAtma arthAt usake jJAna ke viSaya kyA haiM? anAtma svarUpa ko jAnakara hI usase vibheda sthApita kiyA jA sakatA hai aura isa prakAra parokSa vidhi ke mAdhyama se AtmajJAna kI dizA meM bar3hA jA sakatA hai| sAmAnya buddhi cAhe hameM yaha na batA sake ki paramArtha kA svarUpa kyA hai, lekina vaha yaha to sahaja rUpa se batA sakatI hai ki yaha paramArtha nahIM hai| jo-jo bhI hamAre jJAna kA viSaya hai, vaha saba hamase para hai - anAtma hai, kyoMki hama to jJAtA haiM aura jJAtA sadaiva hI jJeya se bhinna hotA hai| jJAyaka AtmA ko jJeya padArthoM se pRthak karane vAle jJAna ko hI bhedavijJAna yA Atma-anAtma viveka kahA jAtA hai| bhedavijJAna yA Atma-anAtma viveka meM do tattvoM ko jAnanA hotA hai : (1) Atma kyA hai; aura (2) para kyA hai? kintu AtmA ko jAnanA eka kaThina kArya hai; kyoMki AtmA jJAtA hai, jAnane vAlA hai aura jAnane ke hara prayAsa meM jAnane vAlA pakar3a meM nahIM A sakatA - jisa prakAra jo A~kha saba ko dekhatI hai, para use svayaM nahIM dekhA jA sktaa|6 AtmA jJAtA hai - use jJAna kA viSaya nahIM banAyA jA sktaa| kyoMki jJAtA jise bhI jAnatA hai, vaha jJAna kA viSaya hotA hai aura vaha jJAtA se bhitra hotA hai| isalie upaniSad ke RSiyoM ne kahA ki "are vijJAtA ko kaise jAnA jAe; jisake dvArA saba kucha jAnA jAtA hai, use kaise jAnA jAe?"60 isa prakAra hama dekhate haiM ki AtmajJAna eka kaThina samasyA hai| AtmA kA jJAna jJAtA aura jJeya ke dveta ke AdhAra para nahIM ho sktaa| kyoMki AtmA ke jJAna meM yadi jJAtA -DaoN. sAgaramala jaina / 56 'jaina, bauddha aura gItA ke AcAradarzanoM kA tulanAtmaka adhyayana' bhAga 2 pR. 77 / kenopaniSad 1/4 / bRhadAraNyaka upaniSad 2/4/14 /

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jainadarzana kA trividha sAdhanAmArga aura samatvayoga aura jJeya kA bheda rahegA, to AtmA sadaiva hI ajJeya banI rhegii| isalie AtmajJAna kA sabase sarala upAya to yahI hai ki hama yaha jAneM ki AtmA kyA nahIM hai? AtmA kyA nahIM hai, yaha jAnanA hI bhedavijJAna hai| isakA vistRta vivecana AcArya kundakunda ne samayasAra nAmaka grantha meM kiyA hai| ve likhate haiM : "rUpa AtmA nahIM hai; kyoMki vaha kucha nahIM jaantaa| ataH rUpa anya hai aura AtmA anya hai| varNa AtmA nahIM hai; kyoMki vaha kucha nahIM jaantaa| ataH varNa anya aura AtmA anya hai| gandha, rasa, sparza aura karma AtmA nahIM haiM; kyoMki ve kucha nahIM jaante| adhyavasAya AtmA nahIM hai; kyoMki adhyavasAya kucha nahIM jAnate (manobhAva bhI kisI jJAyaka ke dvArA jAne jAte haiM, ataH ve svataH kucha nahIM jAnate - krodha ke bhAva ko jAnane vAlA jJAyaka usase bhinna hI hotA hai)| ataH adhyavasAya anya haiM aura AtmA anya hai|"61 AtmA na nAraka hai, na tiryaMca hai, na deva hai, na bAlaka hai, na vRddha hai, na taruNa hai, na rAga hai, na dveSa hai, na moha hai, na krodha hai, na mAna hai, na mAyA hai aura na lobha hai| vaha inakA kAraNa bhI nahIM hai aura kartA bhI nahIM hai|62 isa prakAra anAtma ke dharmoM (guNoM) ke cintana ke dvArA AtmA kA anAtma se pArthakya kiyA jAtA hai| yahI prajJApUrvaka Atma-anAtma meM kiyA huA vibheda bhedavijJAna yA samatvayoga kahA jAtA hai| isI bhedavijJAna ke dvArA anAtma ke svarUpa ko jAnakara usameM Atmabuddhi kA tyAga karanA hI samyagjJAna evaM samatvayoga kI sAdhanA hai| samayasAra 362-403 / 'NAhaM maggaNaThANo NAhaM guNaThANa jIvaThANo Na / kattA Na hi kAraidA aNumaMtA va kattINaM / / 78 / / NAhaM bAlo vuDDho Na ceva taruNo NakAraNaM tesiM / kattA Na hi kAraidA aNumaMtA Neva kattINaM / / 76 / / NAhaM rAgo doso Na ceva moho Na kAraNaM tesiM / kattA Na hi kAraidA aNumaMtA Neva kattINaM / / 80 / / NAhaM koho mANo Na ceva mAyA Na homi loho hN|| kattA Na hi kAraidA aNumaMtA va kattINaM / / 81 / / ' -niyamasAra /

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68 jaina darzana meM samatvayoga kI sAdhanA 2.3 samyakcAritra : AdhyAtmika jIvana meM pUrNatA ke lie samyagdarzana evaM samyagjJAna ke sAtha-sAtha samyakcAritra yA samatvayoga kI bhI nitAnta AvazyakatA hai| yadi hama samyagdarzana ko zraddhA ke artha aura samyagjJAna ko bhedavijJAna ke artha meM svIkAra karateM haiM, to sAdhanA kI pUrNatA ke lie samyakucAritra kA sthAna bhI spaSTa ho jAtA hai| mArga kA jJAna aura usa para zraddhA hote hue bhI usa mArga para cale binA lakSya kI prApti sambhava nahIM hotii| samyakcAritra AdhyAtmika pUrNatA kI yAtrA meM bar3hA huA caraNa hai| jaba taka sAdhaka AdhyAtmika pUrNatA yA paramAtmA kA sAkSAtkAra yA anubhava na karale, taba taka paramAtmA ke prati pUrNa AsthA yA pUrNa zraddhA rakhanI caahie| kintu usa zraddhA ke sAtha jJAna kA samanvaya Avazyaka hai, kyoMki jJAna ke abhAva meM zraddhA andhI hogii| zraddhA jaba taka jJAna evaM svAnubhUti se samanvita nahIM hotI, taba taka vaha zraddhA paripuSTa nahIM hotI hai| mahAbhArata meM kahA gayA hai ki jisa vyakti ne svayaM ke cintana meM jJAna upalabdha nahIM kiyA, varan kevala bahuta sI bAtoM ko sunA hI hai, vaha zAstra ko bhI samyak rUpa se nahIM jAna sktaa|3 binA samyagjJAna ke AcaraNa samyak nahIM hotaa|| cAritra jIvana kI sabase bar3I nidhi hai| isase hI jIvana meM samabhAva kI sAdhanA saphala hotI hai| vicAra rahita AcAra aura AcAra rahita vicAra hameM vAMchita pariNAma nahIM de skte| AcAra dharma kA kriyAtmaka rUpa hai| parantu AcAra bhI samyaka vicAra se abhiprerita honA caahie| AcAra aura vicAra kI isI anyonyAzritatA ke kAraNa hI jaina dharma ke anusAra samyagdarzana, samyagjJAna aura samyakcAritra ke samanvaya se hI mukti sambhava hai| cAritra kA saccA svarUpa samatva kI upalabdhi hai| cAritra AtmaramaNa hI hai| jainadarzana meM mokSamArga ke tIna aMgoM meM samyakucAritra kA bhI mahattvapUrNa sthAna hai; kyoMki use mokSa kA nikaTatama yA antima 63 mahAbhArata 2/55/1 /

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jainadarzana kA trividha sAdhanAmArga aura samatvayoga m kAraNa mAnA gayA hai| yadi hama samatvayoga kI sAdhanA kI dRSTi se samyakcAritra para vicAra kareM, to vaha samatvayoga kI sAdhanA kA hI eka rUpa hai| binA samyak AcaraNa yA samyakucAritra ke samatvayoga kI sAdhanA pUrNa nahIM hotii| yaha satya hai ki sAdhanA ke kSetra meM zraddhA aura jJAna kA apanA mahattva hai, kintu AcaraNa ke sampUTa ke binA zraddhA aura jJAna kA koI artha nahIM raha jaataa| uttarAdhyayanasUtra meM spaSTa rUpa se kahA gayA hai ki samyagdarzana ke binA samyagjJAna kI prApti nahIM hotI aura samyagjJAna kI prApti ke binA AcaraNa samyak nahIM hotA aura binA samyak AcaraNa ke mokSa kI prApti nahIM hotii| binA mokSa kI prApti ke nirvANa arthAt samasta duHkhoM kA anta nahIM hotaa| isa prakAra jaina sAdhanA meM zraddhA aura jJAna ke sAtha-sAtha cAritra kA mahattvapUrNa sthAna rahA huA hai| samatvayoga kI sAdhanA kI pUrNatA samyakcAritra meM hI hotI hai| yadi vyakti kA jIvana icchAoM aura AkA~kSAoM se paripUrNa hai, to vaha samatvayoga kI sAdhanA nahIM kara paayegaa| kyoMki icchAoM kI upasthiti meM cittavRttiyoM meM vicalana (tanAva) banA rhegaa| samatvayoga kA mukhya lakSya to zuddha Atmatattva ke svarUpa meM nimagna rahanA hai| samyagdarzana ke dvArA hameM AtmA ke zuddha svarUpa kI anubhUti ho sakatI hai, kintu vaha anubhUti kSaNika hI rahegI; kyoMki jaba taka jJAna aura AcaraNa kA sambala prApta nahIM hogA, taba taka AtmA kI zuddha svarUpa meM sthAyI avasthiti sambhava nahIM hai| samyagdarzana hameM usa zuddha Atmatattva kI eka jhalaka de sakatA hai| samyagjJAna bhedavijJAna ke dvArA hameM Atma-anAtma kA viveka sIkhA sakatA hai| usake mAdhyama se hama yaha bhI jAna sakate haiM ki AtmA kA zuddha svarUpa kyA hai? dUsare zabdoM meM svabhAva kyA hai aura vibhAva kyA hai? kintu usa zuddha svarUpa meM avasthiti binA samyakcAritra ke sambhava nahIM hai| samatvayoga kI sAdhanA AtmAnubhUti aura AtmA-anAtmA ke viveka meM hI pUrNa nahIM hotI hai| vaha to paramAtma yA AtmasattA ke sAtha tAdAtmya kI avasthA hai| dUsare 64 'nAdaMsaNissa nANaM, nANeNa viNA na huMti caraNaguNA / aguNissa natthi mokkho, natthi amokkhassa nivvANaM // 30 // ' -uttarAdhyayanasUtra 28 /

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70 jaina darzana meM samatvayoga kI sAdhanA zabdoM meM vaha sva-svabhAva meM avasthiti hai| svabhAva meM avasthiti ke binA sAdhanA kI pUrNatA nahIM hai| yadyapi sAmAnya rUpa se yaha kahA jAtA hai ki samyakcAritra ke lie samyagdarzana yA samyagjJAna Avazyaka hai| kintu dUsarI ora se dekheM, to samyakcAritra ke binA samyagdarzana aura samyagjJAna sambhava nahIM hai| jainadarzana meM yaha mAnA gayA hai ki samyagdarzana kI upalabdhi anantAnubandhI kaSAya ke kSaya hone para hI hotI hai| anantAnubandhI kaSAyoM kA kSaya vastutaH samyakucAritra kI hI eka avasthA hai| ataH samyakcAritra ke binA na to samyagdarzana hotA hai aura na smygjnyaan| samyakucAritra ke binA samatvayoga kI sAdhanA bhI sambhava nahIM hai| DaoN. sAgaramala jaina likhate haiM ki "jJAna to dizAnirdeza karatA hai, sAkSAtkAra to svayaM karanA hotA hai| sAkSAtkAra kI yahI prakriyA AcaraNa yA cAritra hai|" Atmatattva dvArA jisakA sAkSAtkAra kiyA jAnA hai, vaha to hamAre bhItara sadaiva hI upasthita hai, phira bhI hama usake sAkSAtkAra yA anubhUti se vaMcita rahate haiM; kyoMki hamArI cetanA kaSAyoM se kaluSita banI huI hai| jisa prakAra malina, gaMdale evaM asthira jala meM kucha bhI pratibimbita nahIM hotA, usI prakAra vAsanAoM, kaSAyoM aura rAga-dveSa kI pravRttiyoM se malina evaM icchAoM aura AkAMkSAoM se asthira banI huI cetanA meM paramArtha (Atmatattva) pratibimbita nahIM hotaa| sAdhanA yA AcaraNa satya ke lie nahIM, varana vAsanAoM evaM rAga-dveSa kI vRttiyoM se janita isa malinatA yA asthiratA ko samApta karane ke lie Avazyaka hai| jaba vAsanAoM kI malinatA samApta hotI hai aura rAga-dveSa ke prahANa se citta sthira ho jAtA hai, taba satya pratibimbita ho jAtA hai aura sAdhaka ko parama zAnti, nirvANa yA brahmabhAva kA lAbha ho jAtA hai| hama ve ho jAte haiM, jo tattvataH hama haiN| vastutaH AtmA yA citta kI jo azuddhatA yA malinatA hai, vaha bAhya kAraNoM se hai| jisa prakAra pAnI agni ke saMyoga se apanI zItalatA ke svabhAva ko chor3akara uSNa ho jAtA hai, usI prakAra yaha AtmA bhI bAhya padArthoM se utpanna Asakti yA rAgAdi bhAva ke kAraNa azuddha 65 'jaina bauddha aura gItA ke AcAradarzanoM kA tulanAtmaka adhyayana' bhAga 2 pR. 85 / -DaoN. sAgaramala jaina /

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jainadarzana kA trividha sAdhanAmArga aura samatvayoga bana jAtI hai| samyakcAritra kA kAma Atma vizuddhi hai dUsare zabdoM meM kaheM to rAga-dveSa aura kaSAyajanya tanAvoM ko samApta karanA hai I hamAre kaSAya aura rAga-dveSa kaise samApta hoM, usakI sAdhanA hI samatvayoga kI sAdhanA hai / isa prakAra samyak cAritra kI sAdhanA vastutaH samatvayoga kI sAdhanA hai 1 vaha rAga-dveSa aura kaSAyoM ko samApta karane kI prakriyA hai| AcArya kundakunda pravacanasAra meM kahate haiM ki cAritra hI vAstava meM dharma hai aura jo dharma hai, vaha samatva hai aura AtmA kI moha aura kSobha se rahita zuddha avasthA hI samatva hai / 66 isa prakAra samatvayoga aura samyakcAritra eka dUsare ke paryAyavAcI hI haiN| paMcAstikAyasAra meM ve isa tathya ko spaSTa karate hue likhate haiM ki "samabhAva hI cAritra hai / 67 pUrva meM hamane yaha batAyA hai ki samatvayoga kI sAdhanA sAmAyika kI sAdhanA hai / jainadarzana meM cAritra kI carcA karate hue usake pAMca prakAroM meM prathama prakAra sAmAyika cAritra hI batAyA hai / isa dRSTi se bhI samatvayoga aura samyakcAritra eka-dUsare se bhinna pratIta nahIM hote haiM / samyakcAritra samatvayoga kA vyAvahArika pakSa hai| DaoN. sAgaramala jaina likhate haiM ki " cAritra kA saccA svarUpa samatva kI upalabdhi hai| cetanA meM jaba rAga-dveSa, kaSAya aura vAsanAoM kI agni pUrI taraha zAnta ho jAtI hai, tabhI sacce naitika evaM dhArmika jIvana kA udbhava hotA hai aura aisA hI sadAcAra mokSa kA kAraNa hotA hai / 66 jainadarzana meM cAritra ke do rUpa kahe gaye haiM : 66 67 68 1. nizcayacAritra aura 2. vyavahAracAritra / nizcayacAritra rAga-dveSa, kaSAya, viSaya-vAsanA, Alasya aura pramAda rahita hokara Atmatattva meM ramaNa karanA hai; jabaki vyavahAracAritra paMcamahAvrata, tIna gupti, paMcasamiti Adi AcaraNa ke bAhya pakSoM kA paripAlana karanA hai / vastutaH binA nizcayacAritra ke vyavahAracAritra saphala nahIM ho sakatA / jainadarzana meM samyakcAritra --- 71 pravacanasAra 1/7 / paMcAstikAyasAra 107 / 'jaina, bauddha aura gItA ke AcAradarzanoM kA tulanAtmaka adhyayana' bhAga 2 pR. 85 / DaoN. sAgaramala jaina /

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- 72 jaina darzana meM samatvayoga kI sAdhanA kA kArya vastutaH AtmA ko apane sva-svarUpa arthAt samatva meM sthApita karanA hai| 2.3.1 samyakcAritra kI sAdhanA - samatvayoga kI AdhArabhUmi jaina dRSTi se sAdhanAmaya jIvana kA prArambha samyagdarzana se hotA hai aura pUrNatA pUrNa cAritrya kI zaileSI avasthA meM hotI hai| sAdhanAtmaka jIvana ke do aMga samyagdarzana aura samyagjJAna kI dRSTi se gRhastha aura muni jIvana meM koI vizeSa antara nahIM hai| yadi gRhastha aura muni ke sAdhanAtmaka jIvana ke sambandha meM koI antara hai, to vaha cAritra ke paripAlana kA hI hai| samyagdarzana aura samyagjJAna kI sAdhanA to donoM ko samAna rUpa se hI karanI hotI hai, kintu apanI vaiyaktika kSamatA kI bhinnatA ke AdhAra para samyakcAritra ke paripAlana meM antara hotA hai| jaina sAdhanA meM dharma ke do rUpa mAne gaye haiM : 1. zrutadharma aura 2. caaritrdhrm|70 gRhastha upAsaka evaM muni donoM ke lie jIva-ajIva, puNya-pApa, Azrava-bandha, saMvara-nirjarA aura mokSa - ina nava tattvoM kA jJAna prApta karanA Avazyaka hai| svAdhyAya evaM tattvacarcA isake pramukha aMga haiN| dazavaikAlikasUtra meM kahA gayA haiM ki jo muni jIva aura ajIva ke svarUpa ko nahIM jAnatA, vaha saMyama kA paripAlana kaise kregaa| isI prakAra mUla AgamoM meM 'jIvAjIva kA jJAtA', yaha zrAvaka kA vizeSaNa hai|2 jayantI jaisI zrAvikA bhagavAna 66 'jaina, bauddha aura gItA ke AcAra darzanoM kA tulanAtmaka adhyayana' bhAga 2 pR. 257 / - DaoN. sAgaramala jaina / sthAnAMgasUtra 2/1 / 'jo jIve vi na yANati, ajIve vi na yANati / jIvAjIve ayANaMto, kahaM so nAhIi saMjamaM / / 3 / / __-dazavaikAlikasUtra 4 / upAsakadazA / -dekheM 'jaina, bauddha aura gItA ke AcAra darzanoM kA tulanAtmaka adhyayana' bhAga 2 pR. 258 / -DaoN. sAgaramala jaina /

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jainadarzana kA trividha sAdhanAmArga aura samatvayoga 73 mahAvIra se tattvacarcA karatI thii| isakA artha hai ki jaina paramparA meM tattvajJAna ko prApta karanA zrAvaka evaM muni donoM kA kartavya thaa| jIvAdi tattvoM ke svarUpa ko jAnakara una para zraddhA rakhanA, yaha muni evaM gRhastha upAsaka donoM kI hI zrutadharma kI sAdhanA hai| isakA vistRta vivecana samyagdarzana aura samyagjJAna ke sandarbha meM huA hai| ataH yahA~ isa para adhika carcA karanA Avazyaka pratIta nahIM hotA hai| cAritra ke dvividha bheda : sthAnAMgasUtra meM do prakAra ke cAritradharma kA vivaraNa kiyA gayA hai :- 1. anagAra dharma; aura 2. sAgAra dhrm| jaina aura bauddha paramparA meM anagAra dharma ko zramaNa dharma yA muni dharma aura gRhastha dharma ko upAsaka dharma yA sAgAra dharma ke nAmoM se bhI abhihita kiyA gayA hai| AgAra zabda gRha yA AvAsa ke artha meM prayukta hotA hai, jisakA lAkSaNika artha hai - pArivArika jiivn| ataH jisa dharma kA paripAlana pArivArika jIvana meM rahakara kiyA jA sake, use sAgAra dharma kahA jAtA hai| 'AgAra' zabda jaina paramparA. meM chUTa, suvidhA yA apavAda ke artha meM bhI rur3ha huA hai| jaina vicAraNA meM gRhastha dharma ko dezavirati cAritra yA vikala cAritra aura zramaNa dharma ko sarvavirati cAritra yA sakala cAritra kahA gayA hai| jisa sAdhanA meM ahiMsAdi vratoM kI sAdhanA pUrNarUpeNa ho, vaha sarvavirati yA sakala cAritra hai| gRhastha pArivArika jIvana ke kAraNa ahiMsAdi vratoM kI pUrNa sAdhanA nahIM kara pAtA hai| ataH usakI sAdhanA ko dezacAritra, aMzacAritra yA vikalacAritra kahate haiN| samatvayoga kI sAdhanA kI dRSTi se vicAra kareM, to muni virAga aura vItarAgatA kA jIvana jItA hai| vaha samatvayoga kI pUrNa sAdhanA karatA hai| kintu gRhastha pUrNataH virAga yA vItarAgatA kA jIvana nahIM jI pAtA hai| ataH vaha samatvayoga bhagavatIsUtra / sthAnAgasUtra 2/1 / abhidhAnarAjendrakoza khaNDa 2 pR. 106 / abhidhAnarAjendrakoza khaNDa 2 pR. 104 /

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74 kI A~zika sAdhanA karatA hai / jainAgamoM meM gRhastha sAdhaka ke lie zrAvaka zabda kA prayoga milatA hai| isa sambandha meM DaoN. sAgaramala jaina ne vistAra se carcA kI hai| yahA~ hama use A~zika rUpa meM prastuta kara rahe haiM : " 'zrAvaka zabda kA prAkRta rUpa 'sAvaya' hai, jisakA eka artha bAlaka yA zizu bhI hotA hai arthAt jo sAdhanA ke kSetra meM abhI bAlaka hai, prAthamika avasthA meM hai, vaha zrAvaka hai / bhASA zAstrIya vivecanA meM zrAvaka zabda ke do artha milate haiN| pahale artha meM isakI vyutpatti 'zru' dhAtu se mAnI jAtI hai, jisakA artha hai 'sunanA' arthAt zAstra yA upadezoM ko zravaNa karane vAlA varga zrAvaka kahA jAtA hai / dUsare artha meM isakI vyutpatti 'zrA pAke' se batAyI jAtI hai; jisake AdhAra para isakA saMskRta rUpa zrApaka banatA hai usakA prAkRta meM sAvaya ho sakatA hai / zrApaka kA artha hai jaina darzana meM samatvayoga kI sAdhanA - jo bhojana pakAtA hai| gRhastha bhojana ke pacana, pAcana Adi kriyAoM ko karate hue dharma sAdhanA karatA hai / ataH vaha 'zrAvaka' kahA jAtA hai| jaina paramparA meM zrAvaka zabda meM prayukta tIna akSaroM kI vivecanA isa prakAra bhI kI jAtI hai : zra = zraddhA; va = viveka aura ka = kriyA | arthAt jo zraddhApUrvaka vivekayukta AcaraNa yA samatvayoga kI sAdhanA karatA hai vaha zrAvaka hai / 77 jainadharma meM gRhastha-sAdhanA kA sthAna : isa tathya ko svIkAra karanA hI hogA ki zramaNa sAdhanA kI apekSA gRhastha jIvana meM rahakara kI jAne vAlI sAdhanA nimna starIya hai / tathApi vaiyaktika dRSTi se kucha gRhastha sAdhakoM ko kucha zramaNa sAdhakoM kI apekSA sAdhanA patha meM zreSTha mAnA gayA hai 1 uttarAdhyayanasUtra meM spaSTa nirdeza hai ki kucha gRhastha bhI zramaNoM kI 77 'jaina, bauddha aura gItA ke AcAra darzanoM kA tulanAtmaka adhyayana' bhAga 2 pR. 258 / - DaoN. sAgaramala jaina /

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jainadarzana kA trividha sAdhanAmArga aura samatvayoga apekSA saMyama (sAdhanAmaya jIvana) ke paripAlana meM zreSTha hote haiN| uttarAdhyayanasUtra meM yaha spaSTa svIkAra kiyA gayA hai ki gRhastha jIvana meM rahakara bhI nirvANa prApta kiyA jA sakatA hai| zvetAmbara kathA sAhitya meM bhagavAna RSabhadeva kI mAtA marudevI ke gRhastha jIvana se sIdhe mokSa prApta karane tathA bharata dvArA zrRMgAra-bhavana meM hI kaivalya (AdhyAtmika pUrNatA) prApta kara lene kI ghaTanAeM bhI yahI batAtI haiM ki gRhastha jIvana se sIdhe bhI sAdhanA ke antima Adarza kI upalabdhi sambhava hai|deg digambara paramparA spaSTa rUpa se gRhastha kI mukti kA niSedha karatI hai| usake anusAra gRhastha muni dharma ko svIkAra karake hI usa bhava yA bhavAntara meM mukta ho sakatA hai| sAdhanA kI koTi kI dRSTi se gRhastha upAsaka kI bhUmikA vIratAvirata kI mAnI gaI hai| usameM AMzika rUpa se pravRtti evaM nivRtti donoM hai| lekina jaina sAdhanA meM AMzika nivRttimaya pravRtti kA yaha jIvana bhI samyak hai aura mokSa kI ora le jAne vAlA mAnA gayA hai| sUtrakRtAMgasUtra meM kahA gayA hai ki sabhI pApa caraNoM se kucha nivRtti aura kucha anivRtti honA hI virati va avirati hai| parantu yaha Arambha no-Arambha (alpa Arambha) kA sthAna bhI Arya hai tathA samasta duHkhoM kA anta karane vAlA mokSamArga hai| yaha jIvana bhI ekAnta samyak evaM sAdhu hai|' zramaNa aura gRhastha jIvana kI sAdhanA meM antara : pUrva meM hamane gRhastha aura zramaNa jIvana kI sAdhanA ke antara kA saMkSipta vivecana prastuta kiyA thaa| aba yahA~ para usakA vistRta vivecana prastuta kiyA jA rahA hai| samyagdarzana kI dRSTi se gRhastha aura zramaNa kI sAdhanA meM koI maulika antara nahIM hai| jahA~ taka samyagjJAna kI sAdhanA kA prazna hai, sAdhakoM meM jJAnAtmaka yogyatA kA antara ho sakatA hai| lekina yaha antara bhI gRhastha aura zramaNa uttarAdhyayanasUtra 5/20 / vahI 36/46 / 'itthI purisasiddhA ya, taheva ya npuNsgaa| sAliMge annaliMge ya, gihiliMge taheva ya / / 46 / / ' sUtrakRtAMgasUtra 2/2/36 / -uttarAdhyayanasUtra adhyayana 36 /

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76 jaina darzana meM samatvayoga kI sAdhanA ke vargIkaraNa kA AdhAra nahIM hai| gRhastha aura zramaNa sAdhaka ke vibheda kA pramukha AdhAra samyakcAritra hai| gRhastha sAdhaka bhI mAnasika dRSTi se prazasta bhAvanAvAlA ho sakatA hai| lekina paristhitiyoM ke vaza usakA pUrNarUpa se pAlana nahIM kara pAtA hai| vaha usakA AMzika rUpa se hI pAlana karatA hai| yahI usakA zramaNa sAdhaka se antara hai| gRhastha upAsaka aura zramaNa sAdhaka kI sAdhanA meM mahattvapUrNa antara to unakI aNuvratoM evaM mahAvratoM kI sAdhanA ko lekara haiN| jaise, zramaNa trasa aura sthAvara sabhI jIvoM kI hiMsA kA parityAga karatA hai; jabaki gRhastha mAtra saMkalpa yukta trasa jIvoM kI hiMsA kA tyAga karatA hai| zramaNa pUrNa brahmacarya kA pAlana karatA hai; jabaki gRhastha sAdhaka sva-patnI santoSa kA vrata letA hai| zramaNa samagra parigraha kA tyAga karatA hai; jabaki gRhastha parigraha kI sImA nizcita karatA hai| gRhastha aura zramaNa - donoM hI ahiMsA ke vicAra meM pUrNa niSThA rakhate hue bhI gRhastha sAdhaka surakSAtmaka aura audyogika hiMsA ke kucha rUpoM se nahIM baca pAtA hai; jabaki zramaNa sAdhaka usakA pUrNarUpeNa pAlana karatA hai| isI prakAra gRhastha aura zramaNa kI sAdhanA ke antara kA mukhya AdhAra vratoM ke AMzika yA pUrNa paripAlana se hai| sAdhanA kI mUlAtmA yA sAdhanA kI Antarika dRSTi se donoM meM koI vizeSa antara nahIM hai| sAdhanA ke AdarzoM ko jIvana meM kriyAnvita kara pAne meM hI gRhastha aura zramaNa sAdhanA meM antara mAnA jA sakatA gRhastha dharma kI vivecana zailI : jaina paramparA meM zrAvaka-dharma yA upAsaka-dharma kA pratipAdana tIna vibhinna zailiyoM meM huA hai| upAsakadazAMgasUtra, tattvArthasUtra aura ratnakaraNDaka zrAvakAcAra meM zraddhA (samyaktva) grahaNa, vrata grahaNa aura samAdhimaraNa (maraNAntika anazana) ke rUpa meM zrAvaka dharma kA pratipAdana hai| dazAzrutaskaMdha, AcArya kundakunda ke cAritraprAbhRta, kArtikeyAnuprekSA tathA vasunandIzrAvakAcAra meM darzana-pratimAdi gyAraha pratimAoM ke rUpa meM kramazaH zrAvaka dharma kA pratipAdana hai evaM zrAvaka dharma kI uttarottara vikAsa kI avasthAoM ko dikhAyA gayA

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jainadarzana kA trividha sAdhanAmArga aura samatvayoga 03 ___vAstavikatA yaha hai ki ina vivecana zailiyoM meM vibhinnatA hote hue bhI viSaya vastu samAna hI hai| antara vivecana zailI meM hai| vastutaH ye eka-dUsare kI pUraka haiN| gRhastha sAdhakoM ke do prakAra : sabhI gRhastha upAsaka sAdhanA kI dRSTi se samAna nahIM hote haiN| unameM zreNI bheda hotA hai| guNasthAna-siddhAnta ke anusAra gRhastha upAsakoM ko do zreNiyoM meM vibhAjita kiyA gayA hai : 1. avirata (avratI) samyagdRSTi aura 2. dezavirata (dezavratI) smygdRsstti| avirata samyagdRSTi upAsaka ve haiM, jo samyagjJAna, samyagdarzana aura samyakcAritra kI sAdhanA meM pUrNa niSThA rakhate haiM, kintu AtmAnuzAsana yA saMyama kI kamI ke kAraNa ve samyakcAritra kI sAdhanA meM Age nahIM bar3ha paate| unakI zraddhA aura jJAna yathArtha hotA hai, lekina AcaraNa samyak nahIM hotaa| vAsanAe~ burI haiM, yaha jAnate hue aura mAnate hue bhI ve apanI vAsanAoM para aMkuza lagAne meM asamarthatA anubhava karate haiN| magadhAdhipati zreNika Adi ko isI varga kA upAsaka mAnA gayA hai| __ dezavirata samyagdRSTi ve gRhastha upAsaka kahalAte haiM, jo yathArtha zraddhA ke sAtha-sAtha yathAzakti samyak AcaraNa ke mArga meM Age bar3ha kara. apanI vAsanAoM para aMkuza lagAte haiN| ahiMsA Adi aNuvratoM kA pAlana karanevAlA upAsaka hI dezavratI samyagdRSTi kahA jAtA hai| Ananda Adi gRhastha upAsaka isI varga meM Ate haiN| paNDita AzAdharajI ne apane gRhastha sAgaradharmAmRta meM gRhastha upAsakoM ke tIna bheda kiye haiM :83 1. pAkSika; 2. naiSThika; aura 3. saadhk| 82 dekheM 'jaina, bauddha aura gItA ke AcAra darzanoM kA tulanAtmaka adhyayana' bhAga 2 pR. 264 / -DaoN. sAgaramala jain| 83 dekheM 'jaina, bauddha aura gItA ke AcAra darzanoM kA tulanAtmaka adhyayana' bhAga 2 pR. 265 / -DaoN. sAgaramala jaina /

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78 jaina darzana meM samatvayoga kI sAdhanA jainadharma meM pratyeka jAti evaM varga ke gRhastha ke lie sAdhanA meM praviSTi kA mArga khulA hai| sAdhaka jIvana sAdhanA ke prathama caraNa meM deva, gurU aura dharma ke svarUpa ko svIkAra karatA hai| vaha mAnatA hai ki "arhat mere deva haiM; nirgrantha zramaNa mere gurU haiM aura vItarAga praNIta dharma merA dharma hai|" vastutaH sAdhanA kA lakSya vItarAgatA yA samatva kI upalabdhi hai| ataH samatva se yukta vItarAga paramAtmA kI sAdhanA ke Adarza (deva) ho sakate haiN| samatva kI sAdhanA meM nirata sAdhaka hI gurU pada ke adhikArI haiM aura samatva yA samabhAva kI sAdhanA hI dharma hai| deva, gurU evaM dharma ke prati samyak AsthA se vaha sAdhanA ke kSetra meM praveza karatA hai| yaha pAkSika zrAvaka kA lakSaNa hai| usake pazcAta vaha apane jIvana meM pAMca aNuvratoM, tIna guNavratoM evaM cAra zikSAvratoM ke pAlana kA prayatna karatA hai| yaha naiSThika sAdhaka kI avasthA hai| isameM vaha zrAvaka ke aNuvrata, guNavrata aura zikSAvrata svIkAra karatA hai| jIvana ke anta meM sallekhanA yA samAdhimaraNa ko svIkAra karane vAlA sAdhaka zrAvaka hai| sAgAradharmAmRta ke anusAra pakSa, caryA aura sAdhakatA - ye tIna pravRtiyA~ zrAvaka kI kahI gaI haiN| pakSa kA dhAraka to pAkSika zrAvaka kahalAtA hai| caryA kA dhAraka naiSThika zrAvaka kahalAtA hai aura sAdhakatA kA dhAraka sAdhaka zrAvaka kahalAtA hai| pAkSika - mArga meM trasa hiMsA ke tyAgI zrAvaka ko 'pakSa' kahA gayA hai| dharma, devatA, mantra, auSadhi, AhAra aura anya bhoga ke lie vadha nahIM karUM, aisA pakSa jisakA hotA hai, vaha pAkSika hai| vaha asi, masi, kRSi, vANijya Adi kAryoM se bhI virakta rahatA hai| naiSThika - jaba taka saMyama grahaNa nahIM karatA hai taba taka gyArahavIM pratimA taka naiSThika zrAvaka kahalAtA hai| sAdhaka - jo mRtyu se pUrva samabhAva yA samatva meM ekAgra bana jAtA hai, aura samAdhipUrvaka prANa chor3atA hai; vaha sAdhaka kahalAtA hai| 13 AvazyakasUtra samyaktvapATha /

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jainadarzana kA trividha sAdhanAmArga aura samatvayoga 76 1. ahiMsANuvrata : upAsakadazAMgasUtra meM isa aNuvrata kA zAstrIya nAma 'sthUlaprANAtipAta viramaNavrata' hai| gRhastha sAdhaka sthUla (trasa) jIvoM kI hiMsA se virata hotA hai| zrAvaka kA yaha prathama vrata hai| upAsakadazAMgasUtra meM Ananda zrAvaka ne "mai yAvajjIvana mana, vacana va karma se sthUla prANAtipAta nahIM karUMgA aura na dUsaroM se karAUMgA", aisI pratijJA grahaNa kI thii| zrAvaka sthUla hiMsA kA pUrNataH parityAga karatA hai, kintu sUkSma hiMsA kA AMzika rUpa se tyAga karatA hai| zrAvaka ke ahiMsA vrata kI surakSA ke lie nimna pAMca aticAra batAye gaye haiM : 1. bandhana; 2. vadha; 3. chaviccheda; 4. atibhAra; aura 5. annapAna nirodh| 6 2. satyANuvrata : yaha zrAvaka kA dvitIya aNuvrata hai| isakA dUsarA nAma 'sthUlamRSAvAdaviramaNavrata' hai| zrAvaka sthUla asatya se virata hone ke hetu pratijJA karatA hai ki "maiM sthUlamRSAvAda kA yAvat jIvana ke lie mana, vacana aura kAyA se parityAga karatA huuN| na to maiM svayaM mRSA (asatya) bhASaNa karUMgA aura na anya se kraauuNgaa|" AcArya hemacandra ne sthUla mRSAvAda yA sthUla asatya vacana ke pAMca prakAra batAye haiM - vara, kanyA, pazu evaM bhUmi sambandhI asatya bhASaNa karanA, jhUThI gavAhI denA tathA jhUThe dastAveja taiyAra karanA zrAvaka ke lie niSiddha karma haiN| upAsakadazAMgasUtra aura vaMdittusUtra meM satya aNuvrata ke pAMca aticAra pratipAdita kiye gaye haiN| tattvArthasUtra ke anusAra inake nAma nimna haiM : 1. mithyopadeza; 2. asatya doSAropaNa; 3. kUTalekha kriyA; 4. nyAsApahAra; aura 5. marmabheda arthAt gupta bAta prakaTa krnaa| -yogazAstra 2 / upAsakadazAgasUtra 1/13 / vahI 1/45 / 'kanyA-go-bhUmyalIkAni, nyAsApaharaNaM tathA / kUTasAkSyaM ca patraceti sthUlAsatyAnyakIrtayan / / 54 / / ' (ka) upAsakadazAMgasUtra 1/46 / / (kha) 'sahasA-rahassa-dAre mosuvaesse a kUDalehe a| bIavayassaiAre paDikkame rAiyaM savvaM / / 12 / / ' tattvArthasUtra 7/21 / -vaMdittusUtra /

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80 jaina darzana meM samatvayoga kI sAdhanA __ anyatra nimna pAMca aticAra bhI varNita haiM : 1. binA soce-vicAre kisI para mithyA doSAropaNa karanA; 2. ekAnta meM vArtAlApa karanevAle para mithyA doSAropaNa karanA; 3. sva-strI/sva-puruSa kI gupta evaM mArmika bAta ko prakaTa karanA; 4. mithyopadeza yA jhuThI salAha denA; aura 5. jhuThe dastAveja likhvaanaa|| jo zrAvaka hita-mita vacana bolatA hai, saba jIvoM ko santoSa utpanna ho, aise vacana bolatA hai, jinase dharma kA prakAza ho aise vacana kahatA hai - vahI zrAvaka dUsare aNuvrata kA dhArI hotA hai| 3. acaurya aNuvrata : zrAvaka ke isa tIsare acaurya aNuvrata ko 'sthUla adattAdAnaviramaNa vrata' bhI kahA jAtA hai| zrAvaka sthUla corI se virata hone ke lie yAvajjIvana mana, vacana, karma se pratijJA karatA hai ki "na to sthUla corI karUMgA aura na hI kraauuNgaa|" upAsakadazAMgasUtra, vaMdittusUtra Adi meM adattAdAna ke nimna pAMca aticAra upalabdha haiM : 1. corI kA mAla kharIdanA; 2. cora ko corI ke lie protsAhita karanA yA usake kAryoM meM sahayoga denA; 3. rAjya virUddha vyApAra Adi karanA; 4. nApa-taula meM kamI karake grAhaka ko mAla denA aura vRddhi karake lenA; aura 5. mAla meM milAvaTa karake becnaa| 4. brahmacarya aNavrata : zrAvaka ko isa cauthe brahmacarya aNuvrata ko 'svadArAsantoSavrata' yA 'svapati/patnI santoSavrata' bhI kahA jAtA hai| upAsakadazAMgasUtra meM Ananda zrAvaka brahmacarya aNuvrata kI pratijJA isa prakAra karatA hai ki "maiM svapatnI santoSa vrata grahaNa karatA huuN| svapatnI zivAnandA ke atirikta sabhI prakAra ke maithuna kA tyAga 60 / "hida mida vayaNaM bhAsadi saMtosakaraM tu savvajIvANaM / dhammapayAsANavayaNaM aNuvvadi hodi so bidio / / 334 / / ' 'tenAhaDappaoge, tappaDirUve virUddhagamaNe a / kUDatulakUDamANe, paDikkame rAiyaM savvaM / / 14 / / -kArtikeyAnuprekSA / 1 -vaMdittusUtra /

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jainadarzana kA trividha sAdhanAmArga aura samatvayoga karatA huuN|"62 AvazyakasUtra meM bhI apanI vivAhitA strI meM santoSa rakhakara anya sabhI maithuna kA tyAga karanA brahmacarya aNuvrata kahA gayA hai| sarvArthasiddhi ke anusAra cAritramohanIya kA udaya hone para rAga se AkrAnta strI-puruSa meM paraspara sparza kI AkAMkSA janya kriyA maithuna kahalAtI hai| brahmacarya aNuvrata ko grahaNa karane se zrAvaka zramaNa kI taraha pUrNataH kAma-vAsanA se virata nahIM hotA, parantu vaha saMyata ho jAtA hai| sva-strI ke atirikta anya sabhI striyoM ke saMsarga ko tyAga detA hai|5 vasunandIzrAvakAcAra ke anusAra jo zrAvaka aSTamI, caturdazI Adi parva meM brahmacarya kA pAlana karatA hai, vaha sthUla brahmacArI kahalAtA hai| isa aNuvrata meM bhI pAMca aticAroM se bacanA Avazyaka batAyA gayA hai| 1. itvaraparigRhItAgamana; 2. aparigRhItAgamana; 3. anaMgakrIr3A; 4. paravivAhakaraNa; aura 5. kaambhogtivraabhilaassaa| 5. aparigraha aNuvrata : zrAvaka ko isa 5veM 'parigrahaparimANavata' kA pAlana karanA Avazyaka hai| zrAvaka ke lie aparigraha zabda parigraha ke pUrNa abhAva kA sUcaka na hokara sImitatA kA sUcaka hai| zrAvaka zramaNa ke samAna pUrNa rUpa se niSparigrahI nahIM ho sakatA; kintu maryAdA nirdhArita kara sakatA hai| yaha kahA jAtA hai ki sAdhu kor3I rakhe to kor3I kA aura gRhastha ke pAsa kor3I na ho to kor3I kA arthAt gRhastha jIvana meM artha kI bhI AvazyakatA hotI hai| para AvazyakatA kI apekSA AkAMkSA adhika hotI hai| uttarAdhyayanasUtra meM kahA gayA hai ki jaise-jaise lAbha hotA jAtA hai, vaise-vaise lobha bar3hatA jAtA hai| ataH isase bacane ke lie gRhastha zrAvaka ko parigraha kI sImA nirdhArita karanI upAsakadazAMgasUtra 1/16 (lADanUM pR. 400) / __ AvazyakasUtra (pariziSTa pR. 22) / tattvArthasUtra 7/13 (srvaarthsiddhi)| kArtikeyAnuprekSA 338/153 / vasunandI zrAvakAcAra 2/2 /

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62 jaina darzana meM samatvayoga kI sAdhanA hotI hai| vaMdittusUtra meM nimna nau prakAra se parigraha kI sImA nirdhArita kI gaI hai : 1. kSetra - kRSi yogya kSetra (kheta) yA anya khulA huA bhUmi bhAga; 2. vAstu - nirmita bhavana Adi; 3. hiraNya arthAt cAMdI; 4. svarNa arthAt sonA; 5. dvipada - dAsa, dAsI Adi naukara; 6. catuSpada - gAya, baila Adi; 7. dhana-mudrA Adi; 8. dhAnya - anAja Adi; aura 6. kupya-ghara-gRhasthI kA anya sAmAna / upAsakadazAMgasUtra meM 'parigrahaparimANavata' ko 'icchAparimANavata' bhI kahA gayA hai| isa prakAra nau prakAra ke parigraha kA parisImana gRhastha zrAvaka ke lie Avazyaka hai| rAga-dveSa, kaSAya Adi kA tyAga evaM parisImana bhI Avazyaka hai| tIna aNuvrata 6. digparimANavrata : yaha zrAvaka gRhastha kA prathama guNavrata hai| dizAoM meM gamanAgamana kI maryAdA ko nizcita karanA 'digparimANavata' hai|00 yogazAstra ke anusAra cAra dizA (pUrva, pazcima, uttara aura dakSiNa), vidizA (IzAna, Agneya, naiRtya aura vAyavya), Urdhva dizA evaM adhodizA - ina dasa dizAoM meM vyavasAya evaM bhogopabhoga ke nimitta gamanAgamana kI sImA nizcita karanA 67 -uttarAdhyayanasUtra adhyayana 8 / 'jahA lAho tahA loho, lAhA loho pavaDDhaI / domAsakayaM kajjaM, koDIe vi na niTThiyaM / / 17 / / 'ghaNa-ghannakhitta-vatthU rUppa subatre a kuvia parimANe / dupae cauppayammi ya, paDikkame rAiyaM savvaM / / 18 / / ' upAsakadazAMgasasUtra 1/28 / 'jaM parimANaM kIradi disANa savvANa suppasiddhANaM / uvaogaM jANittA guNavvadaM jANa taM paDhamaM / / ' -vaMdittusUtra / -kArtikeyAnuprekSA 342 /

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jainadarzana kA trividha sAdhanAmArga aura samatvayoga 3 digparimANavrata hai|01 7. upabhoga-paribhoga parimANavrata : yogazAstra evaM ratnakaraNDakazrAvakAcAra meM bhoga evaM upabhoga zabdoM kA prayoga upalabdha hotA hai| eka bAra jo padArtha bhogane meM AtA hai, vaha hai bhoga aura jo padArtha bAra-bAra bhogane meM AtA hai, vaha upabhoga hai| isa prakAra AcArya abhayadevasUri ne upAsakadazAMgasUtra kI TIkA meM bhI isa taraha varNana kiyA hai ki jo aneka bAra upayoga meM Ae, vaha sAmagrI upabhoga tathA jo eka bAra upayoga meM Ae, vaha sAmagrI paribhoga hai|03 kArtikeyAnuprekSA ke anusAra bhojana, tAmbUla Adi eka bAra bhogane yogya padArthoM ko bhoga kahate hai aura vastra, AbhUSaNa Adi bAra-bAra bhogane yogya padArthoM ko upabhoga kahate haiN| inakA parimANa yAvajjIvana bhI hotA hai aura nitya niyama rUpa meM bhI hotA hai| yathAzakti isakA niyama le sakate haiN| isa prakAra sAtaveM vrata meM prayukta upabhoga ke artha meM bhinnatA milatI hai| abhidhAnarAjendrakoza evaM bhagavatIsUtra meM upabhoga kA artha bAra-bAra upayoga meM Ane vAlI sAmagrI se kiyA gayA hai|05 AvazyakasUtra kI vRtti meM isI vrata kA samarthana kiyA gayA hai tathA dharmasaMgraha meM bhI aisA hI artha upalabdha hotA hai|06 8. anarthadaNDa viramaNavrata : anartha arthAt nirarthaka - jo kriyAe~ jIvana-vyavahAra ke lie niSprayojana haiM, vaha anarthadaNDa hai aura jo kriyAe~ jIvana-vyavahAra ke lie Avazyaka haiM vaha arthadaNDa 10X 101 -yogazAstra 3 / 102 -yogazAstra 3. -ratnakaraNDaka zrAvakAcAra / 103 'dazasvapi kRtA dikSu yatra sImA na ladhyate / khyAtaM digviratiriti prathamaM tad guNavratama / / 1 / / (ka) 'bhogopabhogayoH saMkhyA zaktyA yatra vidhIyate / bhogopabhogamAnaM tad dvaitIyIkaM guNavratam / / 4 / / ' (kha) bhuktvA saMtyasyate vastu sazegaH parikIrtyate / upazego sakRdvAraM bhujyate ca tayormitiH / / 38/68 / / ' upAsakadazAMgasUtra TIkA patra 10 / 'jANittA saMpattI bhoyaNataMbolavatthamAdiNaM / jaM parimANaM kIradi bhouvabhoyaM vayaM tassa / / ' abhidhAnarAjendrakoza bhAga 2 pR. 866 / (ka) 'jaina AcAra siddhAMta aura svarUpa' pR. 420 / (kha) dharmasaMgraha 330 / -kArtikeyAnuprekSA 350 / -devendramuni /

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84 jaina darzana meM samatvayoga kI sAdhanA hai| kArtikeyAnuprekSA meM batAyA gayA hai ki niSprayojana pApa lagAnA anartha daNDa hai| ve pAMca prakAra ke kahe gae haiM : 1. apadhyAna; 2. pApopadeza; 3. pramAdacaryA; 4. hiMsApradAna; aura 5. duHshrutshrvnnaadi|07 107 cAra zikSAvrata 6. sAmAyikavrata : sAmAyika jaina sAdhanA kA prathama kendra bindu hai - sAmAyika arthAt samatva kA abhyaas| zramaNa isakI sAdhanA jIvana paryanta karatA hai aura zrAvaka niyata samaya taka karatA hai| yaha zrAvaka kA prathama zikSAvrata hai| sAmAyika kI sAdhanA eka ora AtmajAgRti hai aura dUsarI ora samatva kA darzana hai| samatva kI sAdhanA apramatta cetanA meM hI sambhava hai| satata abhyAsa se hI zrAvaka samatva kI sAdhanA kara sakatA hai| hamAre zodha prabandha meM samatva, sAmAyika yA samabhAva kI hI pramukhatA rahI hai| hamane sAmAyika yA samatva kA vivecana pUrva meM bhI kiyA hai aura Age bhI kreNge| kArtikeyAnuprekSA meM bhI isakA vistRta vivecana upalabdha hotA hai| sAmAyika sAdhanA ke lie cAra vizuddhiyA~ nirdhArita kI gaI haiM : 1. kAlavizuddhi; 2. kSetravizuddhi; 3. dravyavizuddhi; aura 4. bhAvavizuddhi / ina vizuddhiyoM kA hamane tIsare adhyAya meM vistRta vivecana kiyA hai| 10. dezAvakAzikavrata : aNuvratoM aura guNavratoM kI pratijJA samagra jIvana ke lie hai| jabaki zikSAvratoM kI sAdhanA meM gRhIta parimANa ko kisI vizeSa samaya ke lie punaH maryAdita karanA 107 -kArtikeyAnuprekSA / 108 'kajja kiMpi Na sAhadi, NiccaM pAvaM karedi jo attho / so khalu have aNatyo paMcapayAro vi so viviho / / 343 / / ' 'jo kuNadi kAusaggaM, vArasaAvattasaMjado dhIro / NamaNadurga pi kuNato caduppaNAmo pasaNNappA / / 371 / / ciMtaMto sasarUvaM, jiNabimba ahava akkharaM paramaM / jjhAyadi kammavivAyaM, tassa vayaM hodi sAmaiyaM / / 372 / / ' -kArtikeyAnuprekSA /

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jainadarzana kA trividha sAdhanAmArga aura samatvayoga dezAvakAzikavrata kahalAtA hai| upAzakadazAMgasUtra meM isa vrata ke svarUpa ko spaSTa karate hue likhA hai ki nizcita samaya ke lie kSetra kI maryAdA rakhakara usase bAhara kisI prakAra kI sAMsArika pravRtti nahIM karanA dezAvakAzika vrata hai|06 parigraha-parimANa-vrata meM parigraha kI maryAdA, dizA-parimANa-vrata meM vyavasAya ke kAryakSetra kA sImAMkana aura upabhoga-paribhoga parimANa vrata meM upabhoga-paribhoga kI vastuoM kI mAtrA kI sImA yAvajjIvana ke lie maryAdita kI jAtI hai|" vartamAna meM vratadhArI zrAvaka isa vrata kA niyamita pAlana kara sakatA hai| ve caudaha niyama isa prakAra hai : 1. sacitta - sacitta vastu phala, zAka-sabjI Adi sabhI tyAjya haiM; kintu sampUrNa tyAga na kara sake, to parimANa nizcita karanA; 2. dravya - khAne-pIne ke dravyoM kI saMkhyA nirdhArita karake saMkalpa karanA ki Aja maiM itane hI dravya upayoga karUMgA; vigaI - madhu, mA~sa, zahada aura makkhana tyAgane yogya haiN| ghI, tela, dUdha, dahI, gur3a (zakkara) evaM talI huI vastu - ina chaH vigayoM meM se kisI eka, do yA adhika kA tyAga karanA; upAnaha - jUte, cappala, moje Adi kI saMkhyA maryAdita karanA; tambola - pAna, supArI, ilAyacI Adi kI saMkhyA kA pramANa karanA; vastra - vastra evaM AbhUSaNoM kI saMkhyA maryAdita karanA; 7. kusuma - phUla, itra Adi sugandhita padArthoM kI sImA kA niyama karanA; 8. vAhana - skUTara, kAra, basa, Trena Adi kI saMkhyA OM 49 106 110 upAsakadazAMgasUtra 1/46 / deg 'jaina, bauddha aura gItA ke AcAradarzanoM kA tulanAtmaka adhyayana' khaNda 2 pR.266 / ___-DaoN. sAgaramala jaina /

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jaina darzana meM samatvayoga kI sAdhanA nizcita karanA; 6. zayana - palaMga, khATa, gaddI, caTAI Adi bichAne kI saMkhyA nizcita karanA; 10. vilepana - kezara, candana, tela Adi lepa kiye jAne vAle padArthoM kI saMkhyA maryAdita karanA; 11. brahmacarya - brahmacarya kI maryAdA kA nirdhAraNa karanA; 12. dizA - dizAoM meM gamanAgamana kI pravRttiyoM kA parimANa nizcita karanA; 13. snAna - snAna tathA vastra prakSAlana kI maryAdA rakhanA; aura 14. bhakta - azana, pAna, khAdima, svAdima - ina cAroM prakAra ke AhAra kI sImA nizcita krnaa|" isa prakAra ina caudaha vastuoM kI maryAdA kA niyama lekara zrAvaka pratidina dezAvakAzika vrata kA pAlana kara sakatA hai| 11. pauSadhopavAsa : pauSadha + upavAsa arthAt parvakAla meM (aSTamI, caturdazI Adi) cAroM prakAra ke AhAra kA tyAga kiyA jAtA hai, vaha pauSadhopavAsa hai| vibhAva se alaga haTakara sva-svarUpa meM avasthita rahanA pauSadha hai| isa vrata ko grahaNa karane se gRhastha sAdhaka sAdhu ke samAna bana jAtA hai| 12. atithi saMvibhAga : jisake Agamana kI tithi (samaya) nizcita na ho use atithi kahA jAtA hai| sAmAnyataH atithi zabda kA artha zramaNa aura zramaNI kiyA jAtA hai| kintu zrAvaka prajJapti meM zramaNa-zramaNI, zrAvaka-zrAvikA - ina cAroM ko atithi kahA gayA hai|13 'sacitta-davva-vigai-vANaha-tambola-vattha-kusumesu / / vAhaNa-sayaNa-vilevaNa-baMbha-disi-nhANa-bhatteSu // ' -pratikramaNasUtra meM aticAra se| 'jaina bauddha aura gItA ke AcAradarzanoM kA tulanAtmaka adhyayana' / khaNDa 2 pR. 267 / -DaoN. sAgaramala jaina / abhidhAnarAjendakoza bhAga 7 pR. 812 / 113

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jainadarzana kA trividha sAdhanAmArga aura samatvayoga 87 zrAvaka kI gyAraha pratimAoM kA svarUpa aura samatva kI sAdhanA jaina paramparA meM gRhastha sAdhaka apane AdhyAtmika vikAsa ke lie sarva prathama mArgAnusArI guNoM ko dhAraNakara tatpazcAt bAraha vratoM ko grahaNa karatA hai| isake pazcAt kramazaH vaha gyAraha pratimAoM ko dhAraNa karatA huA samatva kI sAdhanA kI ora agrasara hotA hai| uttarAdhyayanasUtra ke ikatIsaveM adhyayana meM zrAvaka kI gyAraha pratimAoM kA ullekha upalabdha hotA hai| isake TIkAkAra gaNivara bhAvavijayajI ne bhI inakA saMkSipta varNana nimna prakAra se kiyA 1. darzana pratimA : sAdhaka ko adhyAtmamArga yA samatva kI yathArthatA kA bodha honA aura usa sambandha meM dRr3ha niSThA evaM zraddhA honA hI darzana pratimA hai| prazamAdi guNoM ko dhAraNa kara durAgrahoM kA sarvathA tyAga kara nirdoSa samyaktva ko svIkAranA darzana pratimA hai|6 saMsAra, zarIra aura bhogoM se virakta samyagdRSTi darzana pratimAdhArI kahalAtA hai|17 2. vrata pratimA : pAMca aNuvratoM kA niraticAra pAlana karanA vrata pratimA hai|" 3. sAmAyika pratimA : samatva kI sAdhanA hetu kiye jAnA 114 116 'uvAsagANaM paDimAsu, bhikkhuNaM paDimAsu ya / je bhikkhU jayaI niccaM, se na acchai maMDale / / 11 / / ' -uttarAdhyayanasUtra adhyayana 31 / vahI 30/16 - dekheM TIkA bhAvavijayagaNi / uttarAdhyayanasUtra 30/17 - dekheM 'uttarAdhyayanasUtra : eka dArzanika anuzIlana evaM vartamAna paripekSya meM usakA mahatva' - DaoN. vinItaprajJAzrIjI / (ka) 'paMcumbara sahiyAiM satta vi visaNAiM jo vivejjei / sammataM-visuddha-mai so daMsaNa sAvao bhaNio / / 57 / / ' -vasunandizrAvakAcAra / (kha) kArtikeyAnuprakSA 326 / 'paMcANubbayadhArI guNavayasikkhAvaehiM sNjutto|| diDhicito samajutto, NANI vaya sAvao hodi / / 330 / / ' -kArtikeyAnuprekSA /

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88 116 120 121 122 jaina darzana meM samatvayoga kI sAdhanA 116 vAlA prayAsa sAmAyika hai / sAmAyika pratimA se zrAvaka samatva prApta karatA hai / mana, vacana aura kAyA ko zuddha karake sAmAyika karane ko sAmAyika pratimA kahate hai / ' 4. pauSadha pratimA : pratyeka mAsa meM do aSTamI, do caturdazI Adi parva dinoM meM niraticAra pUrNa pauSadha karanA pauSadha pratimA hai / .120 5. brahmacarya pratimA : brahmacarya kA pUrNarUpa se pAlana karanA brahmacarya pratimA hai| kArtikeyAnuprekSA meM yaha batAyA gayA hai ki saba striyoM kA mana-vacana-kAya, 121 kRta- kArita - anumodanA se sarvathA tyAga karanA brahmacarya pratimA hai / 6. sacitta AhAra - varjana pratimA : isa pratimA meM sacitta AhAra kA pUrNarUpa se tyAga karanA hotA hai / 7. Arambha-tyAga pratimA : samatvI sAdhaka Arambha kA 122 (ka) 'jo kuNadi kAusaggaM, vArasaAvattasaMjado dhIro / NamaNadugaM pi kuNato, caduppaNAmo pasaNNappA / / 371 / / ciMtaMto sasarU, jiNabiMbaM ahava akkharaM paramaM / jjhAyadi kammavivAyaM, tassa vayaM hodi sAmaiyaM / / 372 / / ' (kha) vasunandizrAvakAcAra 276 / 'uttama - majjha jahaNNaM tivihaM poSahavihANamuddiddhaM / sagasattIe mAsammi caussu pavvesu kAyavvaM // 280 // (kha) 'caturAhAra visarjanamupavAsaH proSadhaH sakRd bhuktiH / sa proSadhopavAso yadupoyAraMbhamAcarati / / 106 / / ' (ka) uttarAdhyayanasUtra TIkA patra 3017 / (kha) paMcAzaka prakaraNa 10 / 'savvesiM itthINaM jo ahilAsaM Na kuvvade NANI / maNa vAyA kAyeNa ya baMbha vaI so have sadao / / 384 / / ' (gha) SaDkhaNDAgama meM guNasthAna vivecana pR. 460 (ka) 'jaM vajjijjai hariyaM tuyaM, patta - pavAla - kaMda-phala-bIyaM / appAsugaM ca salilaM sacittaNivvitti taM ThANaM / / 265 / / ' (kha) 'saccittaM patta - phalaM challI mUlaM ca kisalayaM bIyaM / - vasunandizrAvakAcAra | jo Na ya bhakkhadi NANI sacitta virado have so du / / 376 / / ' -kArtikeyAnuprekSA / (ga) 'mUlaphalazAkazAkhA karIkanda prasUnabIjAni / nAmAni yo'tti so'yaM sacittavirato dayAmUrtiH / / 141 / / ' - ratnakaNDaka zrAvakAcAra | -vahI / - vasunandizrAvakAcAra | - ratnakaNDaka zrAvakAcAra / - kArtikeyAnuprekSA /

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jainadarzana kA trividha sAdhanAmArga aura samatvayoga 124 125 pUrNataH tyAga kara detA hai| vaha jIva hiMsA ke kAraNa arthAt naukarI, khetI, vyApAra Adi Arambha ke kAryoM se virakta ho jAtA hai / 126 8. parigraha - virata pratimA : samatvI sAdhaka parigraha se pUrNarUpa se virata ho jAtA hai / 24 6. anumati-virata pratimA : samatva sAdhanA kI isa kakSA meM pahu~cane vAlA sAdhaka Adeza upadezoM se pUrNataH virata ho jAtA hai / 125 isa prakAra ye pAMca aNuvrata, tIna guNavrata, cAra zikSAvrata evaM gyAraha pratimAe~ gRhastha zrAvaka ke lie samatva kI ora abhimukha 123 (ka) 'jaM kiMci gihAraMbhaM bahu thovaM vA sayAvivajjei / te 10. uddiSTabhakta- varjana pratimA : samatvI zrAvaka apane nimitta banA huA bhojana tyAga detA hai / lekina sira muNDana ustare se karAtA hai / 126 digambara paramparA meM ise kahA hai / anumati -tyAga pratimA 11. zramaNabhUta pratimA : isa pratimA ko dhAraNakarane vAlA gRhastha zramaNa ke sadRza bana jAtA hai I ArambhaNiyattamaI so aTThasu sAvao bhaNio / / 268 / / ' (kha) 'jo Arambha Na kuNadi aNNaM Na kArayadi va aNumaNNe / hiMsA saMtaTThamaNo cattAraMbhI have so hu / / 385 / / ' (ka) 'jo parivajjai gaMthaM, abyaMtara bAhiraM ca sANaMdo / pAvaM ti maNNamANo NiggaMtho so have NANI / / 386 / / ' (kha) ' mottUNa vatthamettaM pariggahaM jo vivajjae sesaM / - vasunandizrAvakAcAra / -kArtikeyAnuprekSA / - kArtikeyAnuprekSA / tattha vi mucchaM Na karei jANai so sAvao Navamo || 266 / / ' - vasunandizrAvakAcAra / (ka) 'puTTho vA'puTTho vA Niyagehi parehiM ca sagihakajjami / aNumaNaNaM jo Na kuNai viyANa so sAvao dasama || 300 / / ' - vasunandizrAvakAcAra | (kha) 'anumatirArambhe vA parigrahe vaihikeSu karmasu vA / nAsti khalu yasya samadhIranumativirataH sa mantavyaH / / 146 / / ' - ratnakaraNDaka zrAvakAcAra | (ga) 'jo aNumaNaNaM Na kuNadi gihatya- kajjesu-pAva mUlesu / -cahI / bhaviyavvaM bhAvaMto aNumaNa-virao have so du / / 388 / / ' - kArtikeyAnuprekSA / (ka) 'jo Nava koDi visuddhaM, bhikkhAyaraNeNa bhuMjade bhojjaM / jAyaNarahiyaM joggaM, uddiTThAhAravirado so / / 360 / / ' (kha) 'vrataM caikAdazasthAnaM nAmnAnuddiSTazejanam / arthAdISanmunistadvAnnirjarAdhipatiH punaH / / 52 / / ' -ratnakaraNDaka zrAvakAcAra 6 /

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60 jaina darzana meM samatvayoga kI sAdhanA hone kI prakriyAe~ haiN| AdhyAtmika vikAsa kI ye sIr3hiyA~ haiM; jinheM kramazaH yathAzakti grahaNa karatA huA zrAvaka sAdhu ke samIpa pahu~ca jAtA hai| jo isa samatva kI sAdhanA ke lie prANapana se upasthita haiM, ve hI sAdhanA ke kSetra meM gurUpada ke adhikArI haiN| kyoMki samatvayoga kI sAdhanA meM mArgadarzaka kA sthAna vahI vyakti prApta kara sakatA hai, jo svayaM usa sAdhanA ko karatA hai| nirgrantha muni ko gurUpada kA adhikArI isalie mAnA gayA hai ki ve svayaM samatvayoga kI sAdhanA meM nirata rahate haiN| nirgrantha zabda kA artha yaha hai ki jisakI cetanA meM koI granthI na ho| samatvayogI vahI ho sakatA hai jisane granthiyoM kA vimocana kara diyA hai| rAga-dveSa kI granthiyoM kA vimocana karanevAlA tathA icchA va AkAMkSAoM se Upara uThe hue aparigrahI muni hI samatvayoga kI sAdhanA meM mArgadarzaka ke rUpa meM svIkAra kiye jAte haiN| anta meM vItarAga praNIta mArga ko hI dharma ke rUpa meM svIkAra kiyA gayA hai; kyoMki vItarAga paramAtmA hI usa mArga ko batAne meM samartha hote haiM, jisake dvArA vyakti tanAvoM aura vikSobhoM se Upara uThakara samatva ko prApta kara sakatA hai| jo sAdhaka vItarAga paramAtmA ko apanA Adarza, nirgrantha muni ko apanA gurU aura vItarAga praNIta dharma ko apanA dharma mAnatA hai, vaha pAkSika zrAvaka kahalAtA hai| jo zrAvaka bAraha vratoM va gyAraha pratimAoM kA pAlana karate haiM, ve naiSThika zrAvaka kahe jAte haiN| kintu jo gRhastha upAsaka apanI jIvana kI saMdhyA meM pUrNataH nivRtta hokara samAdhi-maraNa ko svIkAra karatA hai aura AtmabhAva meM ramaNa karatA hai, vaha sAdhaka zrAvaka kahA jAtA hai| isa prakAra gRhastha upAsakoM meM bhI apanI sAdhanA kI viziSTatA ke AdhAra para vibhinna bheda svIkAra kiye gaye haiN| vastutaH jainadarzana meM zrAvaka jIvana kI sAdhanA kA jo svarUpa varNita hai, vaha bhI samatvayoga kI sAdhanA ke hetu hI hai| use hameM samatvayoga kI sAdhanA kA prathama va vyavahArika rUpa kaha sakate haiN| zramaNa dharma jaina paramparA meM zramaNa jIvana kA tAtparya virati hai| isameM bAhya

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jainadarzana kA trividha sAdhanAmArga aura samatvayoga 61 rUpa se samasta pApakArI (hiMsaka) pravRttiyoM se bacakara Antarika rAga-dveSAtmaka vRttiyoM se Upara uThanA hotA hai| prAkRta bhASA meM zramaNa ke lie 'samaNa' zabda kA prayoga hotA hai| 'samaNa' zabda ke saMskRta meM tIna rUpAntara hote haiM : 1. zramaNa, 2. samana; aura 3. shmn| 1. zramaNa - jo AtmavikAsa ke lie parizrama (sAdhanA) karatA hai, vaha zramaNa hai| yahA~ zramaNa zabda ko zram dhAtu se niSpanna mAnA gayA hai| 2. samana - yadi samana zabda ke mUla rUpa meM sam dhAtu mAnate haiM to usakA artha hogA samatva bhaav| jo anukUla-pratikUla paristhitiyoM meM sama bhAva rakhatA hai, vaha samana kahalAtA 3. zamana - zamana zabda kA artha hai, apane mana aura indriyoM kI vRttiyoM ko saMyamita rkhnaa| jo inheM saMyamita karatA hai; vaha zamana hai| vastutaH jaina paramparA meM zramaNa zabda kA mUla tAtparya samatva bhAva kI sAdhanA hI hai| bhagavAna mahAvIra ne kahA hai ki kevala muNDana karane se koI zramaNa nahIM khlaataa| zramaNa vahI kahalAtA hai, jo samatva kI sAdhanA karatA hai| anuyogadvAra meM batAyA gayA hai ki samatva buddhi rakhane vAlA zramaNa hai| sUtrakRtAMgasUtra meM bhI zramaNa jIvana kI vyAkhyA upalabdha hai| jo sAdhaka zarIra Adi meM Asakti nahIM rakhatA; sAMsArika kAmanAoM se vimukta rahatA hai, prANImAtra kI hiMsA nahIM karatA, jhUTha nahIM bolatA, maithuna va parigraha ke vikAra se rahita hotA hai, krodha, mAna, mAyA, lobha, rAga, dveSa Adi jitane bhI karmAzrava aura AtmA ke patana ke hetu haiM, una saba se nivRtta rahatA hai; apanI indriyoM ko aMkuza meM rakhatA aura zarIra ke prati moha-mamatva se rahita hotA hai, vaha zramaNa kahalAtA hai|126 127 'samayAe samaNo hoi, bambhacereNa bambhaNo / nANeNa ya muNI hoi, taveNa hoi tAvaso / / 31 / / anuyogadvAra upakramAdhikAra 1-3 / sUtrakRtAMgasUtra 1/16/2 / -uttarAdhyayanasUtra adhyayana 25 / 128 anuyAya 126

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62 jaina darzana meM samatvayoga kI sAdhanA sAdhaka gurU ke samakSa zramaNa saMsthA meM praviSTa hone ke heta sarvaprathama yahI pratijJA karatA hai ki "he pUjya! maiM jIvana paryanta ke lie samatvabhAva ko svIkAra karatA hU~ aura sampUrNa sAvadha kriyAoM kA parityAga karatA huuN| maiM mana, vacana aura kAyA se na to koI azubha pravRtti karUMgA, na karAUMgA aura na hI karane vAle kA anumodana kruuNgaa| mere dvArA pUrva meM huI azubha pravRttiyoM kI nindA karatA hU~ - gardA karatA huuN|" jaina dharma meM sAdhanA ke do pakSa batAye hai - Antarika aura baahy| zramaNa jIvana Antarika sAdhanA kI dRSTi se samatva kI sAdhanA hai| isake dvArA sAdhaka ko rAga-dveSa kI vRttiyoM se Upara uThanA aura bAhyarUpa se sAvadha pravRttiyoM se nivRta honA hai| jaba taka vicAroM meM samatva nahIM AtA, taba taka sAdhaka sAvadha kriyAoM se pUrNataH nivRtta nahIM ho sakatA hai| jaina zramaNoM ke prakAra jaina paramparA meM zramaNoM kA vargIkaraNa unake AcAra, niyama tathA sAdhanAtmaka yogyatA ke AdhAra para kiyA gayA hai| AcaraNa ke niyamoM ke AdhAra para zvetAmbara paramparA meM sAdhu ke do prakAra svIkAra kiye gae haiM - jinakalpI aura sthvirklpii| jinakalpI muni sAmAnyataH nagna evaM pANipAtra hote haiM tathA ekAkI vihAra karate haiN| jabaki sthavirakalpI muni savastra, sapAtra evaM saMgha meM rahakara sAdhanA karate haiN| sthAnAMgasUtra meM sAdhanAtmaka yogyatA ke AdhAra para zramaNoM kA vargIkaraNa isa prakAra kiyA gayA hai :130 1. pulAka : jo zramaNa sAdhanA kI dRSTi se pUrNa pavitratA ko prApta nahIM hue haiN| 2. bakuza : jinake sAdhaka jIvana meM kaSAyabhAva evaM Asakti hotI hai| 3. kuzIla : jo sAdhu jIvana ke prAthamika niyamoM arthAt mUlaguNoM kA pAlana karate hue bhI uttara guNoM kA samucita rUpa se pAlana nahIM karate, ve kuzIla haiN| aise sAdhaka nimna 130 vizeSAvazyaka bhASyavRtti 7 /

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jainadarzana kA trividha sAdhanAmArga aura samatvayoga 3 zreNI ke sAdhaka haiN| 4. nirgrantha : jinakI moha aura kaSAya kI granthiyA~ kSINa ho / cukI haiN| inake jIvana meM samatva pratiphalita hotA hai| 5. snAtaka : jinake samagra ghAtI karma kSaya ho cuke haiM aura __ vItarAga avasthA ko prApta haiM, ve ucca koTi ke zramaNa haiN| inake jIvana meM samatva pUrNataH abhivyakta hotA hai| kyoMki jahA~ vItarAgatA hai, vahIM pUrNa samatva hai| jaina zramaNa ke mUlaguNa jaina paramparA meM zramaNa jIvana kI kucha Avazyaka yogyatAe~ svIkAra kI gaI haiN| unheM mUla guNoM ke nAma se jAnA jAtA hai|32 digambara paramparA ke mUlAcArasUtra meM zramaNa ke aTThAisa mUlaguNa mAne gaye haiN| zvetAmbara paramparA meM zramaNa ke sattAisa mUla guNa mAne gaye haiN| paMcamahAvrata paMcamahAvrata zramaNa jIvana ke mUlabhUta guNoM meM mAne gaye haiN| ye paMcamahAvrata isa prakAra haiM - ahiMsA, satya, asteya, brahmacarya aura aprigrh| ye pAMcoM vrata gRhastha aura zramaNa donoM ke lie nihita haiN| antara yaha hai ki gRhastha jIvana meM usakA AMzika rUpa se pAlana hotA hai| zramaNa jIvana meM unakA pAlana pUrNa rUpa se karanA hotA hai| paMcamahAvrata zramaNa jIvana ke lie vizeSa rUpa se batAye gae haiM - jabaki ve hI gRhastha jIvana ke sandarbha meM aNuvrata kahe gaye haiN| zramaNa ina pAMcoM mahAvratoM kA pAlana pUrNarUpa se karatA hai| vizeSa paristhitiyoM meM hI ina niyamoM ke paripAlana meM apavAda mArga kA Azraya le sakate haiN| sAmAnyataH ina paMcamahAvratoM kA pAlana 131 (ka) sthAnAMgasUtra 5/3/445 / (kha) 'pulAka bakuza kuzIla nigraMtha snAtakA nirgranthAH / ' -tattvArthasUtra 6/46 / (ga) 'pulAkaH sarvazAstrajJo vakuzo zvyabodhakaH / kuzIlaH stokacAritro nirgrantho granthihArakaH / / 215 / / ' -ratnakaraNDaka zrAvakAcAra / (ka) mUlAcAra 1/2-3 (kha) tattvArthasUtra 6/48 / _ 'jaina siddhAnta bola saMgraha' bhAga 6, pR. 228 /

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64 jaina darzana meM samatvayoga kI sAdhanA mana, vacana aura kAyA tathA kRta-kArita aura anumodana ina nau (343) koTiyoM sahita karanA hotA hai| DaoN. sAgaramala jaina ne 'jaina, bauddha aura gItA ke AcAradarzano kA tulanAtmaka adhyayana' meM ina paMcamahAvratoM kI vistRta carcA kI hai|' yahA~ hama usI AdhAra para unakA saMkSipta rUpa se prastutIkaraNa kara rahe haiN| ahiMsA mahAvrata : samatvayoga ke sAdhaka zramaNa ko sarvaprathama 'sva' aura 'para' hiMsA se virata honA Avazyaka hotA hai| kAma, krodha, lobha, moha Adi dUSita manovRttiyoM se AtmA ke svaguNoM kA vinAza karanA sva-hiMsA hai| dUsare prANiyoM ko pIr3A yA hAni pahu~cAnA para-hiMsA hai| samatvayogI ko jagat ke sabhI trasa aura sthAvara prANiyoM kI hiMsA se virata honA Avazyaka hai| kyoMki jahA~ hiMsA hai, vahA~ samatvayoga (sAmAyika) kI sAdhanA sambhava nahIM hai| hiMsA kA vicAra hI hamArI Antarika samatA ko bhaMga kara detA hai| hiMsA ke lie dveSa buddhi aparihArya hai aura jahA~ dveSa hai, vahA~ samatA kA abhAva hai| ataH samatvayoga kI sAdhanA ahiMsA kI sAdhanA hai| dUsare, hiMsA bAhya jagat ke samatva ko bhaMga karatI hai| usase sAmAjika zAnti yA pariveza kI zAnti bhaMga hotI hai| ataH hiMsA kA tyAga samatvayoga kI sAdhanA kA prathama caraNa hai| dazavaikAlikasUtra meM kahA gayA hai ki bhikSu jagat meM jitane bhI prANI haiM unakI hiMsA jAnakara athavA anajAna meM na kare, na karAve aura na hiMsA karanevAle kA anumodana kre|29 jainadarzana atyanta sUkSma hai| vaha mAnatA hai ki dUsare kI hiMsA ke vicAra mAtra se, cAhe dUsaroM kI hiMsA ho yA na bhI ho, svayaM ke AtmaguNoM kA ghAta hotA hai aura AtmA karma mala - 134 (ka) 'jAvaMti loe pANA, tasA aduva thAvarA / te jANa majANaM vA, na haNe na haNAvae / / 6 / / -dazavaikAlikasUtra 6 / (kha) 'jaganissiehiM bhUehiM tasanAmehiM thAvarehiM / no tesimArabhe daMDaM, maNasA vayasA kAyasA ceva / / 10 / / ' - uttarAdhyayanasUtra adhyayana 8 /

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jainadarzana kA trividha sAdhanAmArga aura samatvayoga 65 se malina hotI hai| praznavyAkaraNasUtra meM hiMsA kA eka nAma guNavirAdhikA bhI milatA hai| ahiMsA mahAvrata ke paripAlana meM zramaNa jIvana aura gRhastha jIvana meM mUla antara itanA hI hai ki gRhastha sAdhaka kevala trasa prANiyoM kI saMkalpI hiMsA kA tyAga karatA hai, vahA~ zramaNa sAdhaka trasa aura sthAvara sabhI prANiyoM kI sabhI prakAra kI hiMsA kA tyAgI hotA hai| hiMsA ke cAra prakAra batAye gaye haiM : 1. ArambhI; 2. udyogI; 3. virodhI; aura 4. saMkalpI / isameM gRhastha kevala saMkalpI hiMsA kA tyAgI hotA hai aura zramaNa cAroM hI prakAra kI hiMsA kA tyAgI hotA hai| dazavaikAlikasUtra meM ahiMsA mahAvrata kA kisa taraha se pAlana karanA usakI saMkSipta rUpa-rekhA milatI hai| usameM kahA gayA hai ki samAdhivaMta saMyamI sAdhu tIna karaNa evaM tIna yoga se pRthvI Adi sacitta miTTI ko nahIM chue| sajIva pRthvI evaM sacitta miTTI se bhare hue Asana para nahIM baitthe| yadi use baiThanA ho to acitta bhUmi para Asana Adi ko yatanA se pramArjita karake baitthe| saMyamI sAdhu sacitta jala, varSA, ole, barpha Adi osa ke jala kA sevana nahIM kare; kintu tIna ukAle kA yA acitta dhovana (pAnI) ko grahaNa kre| kisI prakAra kI agni ko sAdhu uttejita nahIM kare, chue nahIM, sulagAve nahIM aura usako bujhAve bhI nhiiN| isI prakAra sAdhu kisI prakAra kI havA nahIM kare tathA garama pAnI, dUdha yA AhAra Adi ko phUMka se ThaNDA bhI na kre| sAdhu traNoM, vRkSoM tathA unake phUla, phala, patte Adi ko tor3e nahIM, kATe nahIM, latA kuMjoM meM baiThe nhiiN| isI prakAra sAdhu trasa aura sthAvara prANiyoM meM se kisI jIva kI jIvana paryanta mana, vacana aura kAyA se hiMsA na kare, na karAve aura na karane vAle kA anumodana kre|35 isa prakAra hama dekhate haiM ki jainadarzana meM hiMsA aura ahiMsA kA jo vicAra hai, vaha kevala prANiyoM kI hiMsA taka hI sImita nahIM hai; apitu paryAvaraNa ke santulana yA samatva para bhI bala detA hai| hiMsA se bacane ke 135 (ka) dazavaikAlikasUtra 8/3-13 / (kha) mUlAcAra 61/67 /

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66 jaina darzana meM samatvayoga kI sAdhanA lie sAdhu ko yahI nirdeza diyA gayA hai ki vaha pratyeka kArya kA sampAdana karate samaya sajaga rahe, tAki kisI prakAra kI hiMsA sambhava na ho| ahiMsA mahAvrata ke samyak pAlana ke lie pAMca bhAvanAoM kA vidhAna hai :136 1. IryAsamiti : calate phirate yA uThate baiThate samaya sAvadhAnI rkhnaa| 2. vacanasamiti : hiMsaka athavA kisI ke mana ko duHkhAne vAle vacana nahIM bolnaa| 3. manasamiti : mana meM hiMsaka vicAroM ko sthAna nahIM denaa| 4. eSaNAsamiti : adIna hokara aisA nirdoSa AhAra prApta karane kA prayAsa karanA, jisase zramaNa kA jIvana gRhasthoM para bhAra svarUpa na ho|| 5. nikSepaNAsamiti : sAdhu jIvana ke pAtrAdi upakaraNoM ko sAvadhAnIpUrvaka pramArjana karake upayoga meM lenA athavA unheM rakhanA aura utthaanaa| samavAyAMgasUtra evaM praznavyAkaraNasUtra meM bhI ahiMsA vrata kI pAMca bhAvanAoM kA ullekha kiyA gayA hai| ahiMsA bhAratIya saMskRti kA prANa hai| ahiMsA sarvazreSTha dharma hai| jaina zramaNa kA prathama vrata hI ahiMsA mahAvrata hai| jaina AgamoM meM 'savvAo pANAivAyAo veramaNaM' zabdoM kA prayoga milatA hai,27 jisakA artha hiMsA se pUrNataH virata honA hai| yahI vyAkhyA uttarAdhyayanasUtra meM bhI milatI hai ki kisI bhI paristhiti meM trasa evaM sthAvara jIvoM ko duHkhI na karanA ahiMsA mahAvrata hai| jo hiMsA kI anumodanA karatA hai, vaha duHkha se mukta nahIM ho 136 (ka) AcArAMgasUtra 2/15/176 / (kha) vahI 2/15, 44-46 / (ga) samavAyAMgasUtra 25/1 / (gha) praznavyAkaraNasasUtra 6/1/16 / sthAnAMgasUtra 4/131 / _ 'jaganissiehiM bhUehiM tasanAmehiM thAvarehiM / no tesimArabhe daMDaM, maNasA vayasA kAyasA ceva / / 10 / / ' -uttarAdhyayanasUtra adhyayana 8 / 137 138

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jainadarzana kA trividha sAdhanAmArga aura samatvayoga 67 sktaa|36 dazavaikAlikasUtra meM pratipAdita kiyA gayA hai ki 'dhammo maMgala mukkiTTha ahiMsA saMjamo tavo' arthAt ahiMsA, saMyama aura tapa rUpa dharma hI utkRSTa maMgala hai|40 zubhacandrAcArya ne bhI batAyA hai ki jisameM mana, vacana aura kAyA se trasa aura sthAvara jIvoM kA dhAta svapna meM bhI na ho, use Adyavrata (prathama mahAvrata) ahiMsA kahate haiN| Age unhoMne batAyA hai ki jahA~ hiMsA hotI hai, vahA~ dharma lezamAtra nahIM rhtaa|42 hiMsA durgati kA dvAra hai, pApa kA samudra hai tathA hiMsA hI ghora naraka aura mahAandhakAra hai|43 'pramatta yogAt prANavyaparopaNaM hiMsA' arthAt mUla meM pramAda ko hiMsA kA kAraNa mAnA gayA hai| ahiMsA vrata kA pAlana zramaNa aura gRhastha donoM ke lie anivArya hai| kahA gayA hai ki 'ahiMsA paramo dharmaH hiMsA sarvatra garhitA' arthAt ahiMsA hI sarva zreSTha dharma hai| hiMsA sarvatra garhita mAnI gaI hai| vastutaH ahiMsA sabhI jIvoM ke bhaya ko dUra karane vAlI parama auSadhi hai| mRSAvAda (satya mahAvrata) : . samatvayoga kI sAdhanA karanevAlA sAdhaka dUsare mahAvrata meM asatya kA sampUrNataH tyAga karatA hai| zramaNa mana, vacana evaM kAyA tathA kRta-kArita-anumodana kI nava koTiyoM sahita asatya se virata hone kI pratijJA karatA hai| mana, vacana aura kAyA meM eka rUpatA kA abhAva hI mRSAvAda hai|44 uttarAdhyayanasasUtra ke anusAra krodha, hAsya, lobha athavA bhaya ke kAraNoM ke upasthita hone para -uttarAdhyayanasUtra adhyayana / 136 'na hu pANavahaM aNujANe, muccejja kayAi savvadukkhANaM / evAriehiM akkhAyaM, jehiM imo sAhudhammo paNNatto / / / / ' dazavaikAlikasasUtra 1/1 / 'vAcitta tanubhiryatra na svapne'pi pravarttate / carasthirAMginAM ghAtastadAdyaM vratamIritam / / 8 / / ' 'kSamAdi paramodArairyamaiyauM varddhitazciram / hanyate sa kSaNAdeva hiMsayA dharmapAdapaH / / 14 / / ' 'hiMsaiva durgateriM, hiMsaiva duritArNavaH / hiMsaiva narakaM ghoraM hiMsaiva gahanaM tamaH / / 16 / / ' SaTakhaNDAgama meM guNasthAna vivecana pR. 56 / -jJAnArNava aSTama srg| -jJAnArNava sarga 8 / -vhii| 144

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68 jaina darzana meM samatvayoga kI sAdhanA bhI asatya vacana nahIM bolanA satya mahAvrata hai|45 satya mahAvrata ke sandarbha meM vacana kI satyatA para adhika bala diyA gayA hai| jainAgamoM meM asatya ke cAra prakAra batAye haiM : 1. hote hue nahIM kahanA; 2. nahIM hote hue usakA astitva batAnA; 3. vastu kucha hai aura use kucha aura batAnA; aura, 4. hiMsAkArI pApakArI aura apriya vacana bolnaa| ina cAroM prakAra ke asatya bhASaNa zramaNa yA samatvayogI ke lie varjita haiN| zramaNa yA samatvayogI ko zuddha vacana kA upayoga karanA caahie| isakA vistRta vivecana dazavaikAlikasUtra ke vAkyazuddhi nAmaka adhyayana meM milatA hai| jaina AgamoM ke anusAra bhASA cAra prakAra kI hotI hai - satya, asatya, mizra aura vyaavhaarik|46 zramaNa svArtha athavA parArthavaza yA krodha athavA bhaya ke kAraNa na to asatya bhASaNa kare aura na hI asatya bolane ke lie kisI ko preraNA de| sAdhaka cAhe kitanA bhI tapasvI ho, jaTAdhArI ho, mastaka bhI muNDA le athavA nagna (digambara) ho jAye yA vastradhArI ho, lekina asatya bolatA ho, to vaha atizaya nindanIya hai|48 ahiMsA evaM satya paraspara sApekSa yA pUraka haiN| dUsare zabdoM meM satya kA AdhAra ahiMsA hai| kisI ko apriya bolakara usake hRdaya ko cheda deM, to vaha hiMsA hI hai| niyamasAra ke anusAra jo sAdhu rAga-dveSa athavA moha se hone vAle mRSAbhASA ke pariNAma chor3atA hai vahI satya mahAvrata kA pAlaka hai|46 uttarAdhyayanasUtra meM kahA gayA hai ki satyamahAvratI ko asabhya 145 146 uttarAdhyayanasUtra 25/24 / purUSArtha siddhayupAya 61 / dazavaikAlikasUtra 6/12-13 / 'yastapasvI jaTI muNDI nagno vA cIvarAvRtaH / so'pyasatyaM yadi brUte nindyaH syAdantyajAdapi / / 31 / / ' 'rAgeNa va doseNa va moheNa va mosabhAsaparimANaM / jo pajahadi sAhu sayA biriyavadaM hoi tasseva / / 57 / / ' -jJAnArNava sarga 6 / 146 -niyamasAra /

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jainadarzana kA trividha sAdhanAmArga aura samatvayoga 66 vacana nahIM bolanA caahie| sAdhu ko asAvadya evaM nizcayakArI zabdoM ko bhI nahIM bolanA caahie| jisase kaI anartha hone kI sambhAvanA ho, hiMsA ke anumodana meM sahAyaka ho, aise zabda ko bolanA ucita nahIM hai|50 nizcayAtmaka bhASA bhI sAdhu ko nahIM bolanI caahie| yadi satya aura ahiMsA donoM kA pUrNataH pAlana sambhava nahIM ho sake, to vaha mauna rakhakara usakA pAlana kara sakatA hai| yadyapi usake lie apavAda mArga kA ullekha AgamoM meM hai| dazavaikAlikasUtra meM yahA~ taka kahA gayA hai ki satya hone para bhI kAne ko kAnA, badhira ko badhira, lUle ko lUlA, rogI ko rogI, napusaMka ko napusaMka, cora ko cora Adi kahanA sAdhu ke lie ucita nahIM hai| isa prakAra 're', 'tU' Adi anAdara sUcaka zabdoM kA bolanA bhI ucita nahIM hai|52 tIrthaMkara evaM AcArya Adi bhI sAmAnyajana ke lie devAnupriya, AyuSyamAna, mahAnubhAva, saumya Adi sammAnasUcaka zabdoM kA prayoga karate the| inakA pramANa Agama granthoM meM vistRta rUpa meM milatA hai|53 praznavyAkaraNasUtra meM ullekha hai ki yadi zramaNa saMyama jIvana meM asatya bolatA hai, to saMyama kA ghAta hotA hai| isIlie use mauna rahanA hI ucita mAnA gayA hai| isa taraha vaimanasya aura vivAda utpanna ho, aise klezamaya vacana aura aviveka, * anyAya, kalahakAraka, ahaMkAra aura dhRSTatApUrNa vacana satya hone para bhI zramaNa ke lie varjita haiN| zramaNa ko hita, mita aura priya vacana bolanA caahie| suvicAra, virodha rahita aura niravadha vacana bolane se zramaNa kA satya mahAvrata akhaNDa rahatA hai| isa vrata meM apanI 150 -uttarAdhyayanasUtra adhyayana 1 / 'musaM parihare bhikkhU, na ya yaM ohAriNiM vae / bhAsAdosaM parihare, mAyaM ca vajjae sayA / / 24 / / ' uttarAdhyayanasUtra 1/36; 24/20 / dazavaikAlikasUtra 1/14-22 / (ka) AcArAMgasasUtra 1/1/1/1; (kha) uttarAdhyayanasasUtra 2/%; 16/1; aura (ga) jJAtAdharmakathAsUtra 1/1/111 !

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100 jaina darzana meM samatvayoga kI sAdhanA prazaMsA aura dUsaroM kI nindA ko bhI tyAjya batAyA hai|54 AcArAMgasUtra meM satya ko mahattvapUrNa sthAna diyA gayA hai| usameM adhiSThita honevAlA sAdhaka samasta pApakarmoM kA kSaya karake isa saMsAra se pAra ho jAtA hai|45 praznavyAkaraNasUtra meM yahA~ taka kahA gayA hai ki satya bhagavAna hai (taM khu saccaM bhgvN)| satya hI samagra loka meM sArabhUta tattva hai|56 / / __ satya ke pAlana ke lie AcArAMgasUtra evaM uttarAdhyayanasUtra kI TIkA meM pAMca bhAvanAoM kA bhI ullekha nimna prakAra se upalabdha hotA hai - anuvicintiya bhASaNa (vANI viveka), krodha viveka, lobha viveka, bhaya viveka, aura hAsya vivek|57 asteya mahAvrata zramaNa kA tIsarA mahAvrata 'asteya' hai| isakA zAstrIya nAma 'savvAo adinnAdANAo veramaNaM' arthAt sarvathA rUpa se adattAdAna kA tyAga hai| zramaNa binA svAmI kI AjJA yA svIkRti ke koI vastu grahaNa karatA hai, to vaha adattAdAna hai| svAmI kI binA anumati ke eka tinakA bhI zramaNa ko grahaNa nahIM karanA caahie|" zramaNa jaMgala meM yA kisI bhI paristhiti meM binA svAmI se pUche bhojana, jala, vastra, zayyA evaM auSadha Adi koI bhI vastu grahaNa nahIM krtaa| vaha apanI AvazyakatAoM kI pUrti bhikSA ke dvArA hI karatA hai|56 uttarAdhyayanasUtra meM kahA gayA hai ki muni adatta vastu kA grahaNa na karake nirdoSa vastu ko grahaNa karatA hai|60 asteya mahAvrata 154 praznavyAkaraNasUtra 2/2/120-26 / AcArAMgasUtra 1/3/2/40-41, 1/3/2, 1/3/3 / praznavyAkaraNasUtra 2/2, 7/2/10 / AcArAMgasasUtra 2/15/51-56 / 'citamaMtamacittaM vA appaM vA jai vA bhuN| daMtasohaNametaM pi, oggahaMsi ajAiyA / / 14 / / ' mUtAvAra 5/260 / 'cittamantamacittaM vA, appaM vA jai vA bhuN| na geNhai adattaM jo, taM vayaM bUma mAhaNaM // 25 / / ' -dazavaikAlikasUtra 6 / -uttarAdhyayanasUtra adhyayana 25 /

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jainadarzana kA trividha sAdhanAmArga aura samatvayoga 101 ahiMsA evaM satya kA paripoSaka hai; kyoMki cauryakarma vyakti ko hiMsaka evaM asatya bhASI banAtA hai| cauryakarma bhI eka prakAra kI hiMsA hai| jisakI vastu curAI jAtI hai, usakA mana duHkhI hotA hai| use Arthika hAni hotI hai| AcArya zubhacandra evaM amRtacandra kA kathana hai ki artha yA sampatti prANiyoM kA bAhya prANa hai, kyoMki isa para unakA jIvana AdhArita rahatA hai| isalie kisI kI vastu kA haraNa usake prANoM ke hanana ke samAna hai| praznavyAkaraNasUtra meM bhI kahA gayA hai ki yaha adattAdAna (corI) santApa-maraNa evaM bhaya rUpI pAtakoM kA janaka hai - dusare ke dhana ke prati lobha utpanna karatA hai|62 corI karane vAlA vyakti paraloka meM duHkha rUpI bhayaMkara jvAlA aura ghora naraka ko prApta karatA hai|63 Age zubhacandrAcArya ne kahA hai ki "he Atman! nadI, nagara, parvata, grAma, vana, ghara tathA jaMgala ityAdi meM rakhe hue, gire hue tathA naSTa hue dhana kA mana, vacana aura kAyA se tyAga kara de|64 cetana tathA acetana vastu kA moha chor3a de| cetana arthAt dAsa, dAsI, putra, pautra, strI, gau, mahISa tathA ghor3e Adi aura acetana arthAt dhana, dhAnya, suvarNa Adi kA tyAga kara de|"165 dazavaikAlikasUtra tathA jJAnArNava meM batAyA gayA hai ki zramaNa dvArA choTI athavA bar3I sacitta tathA acitta koI bhI vastu, cAhe vaha dA~ta sApha karane kA tinakA bhI kyoM na ho, binA die lene -jJAnArNava sarga 10 ! -jJAnArNava sarga 10 / (ka) 'vittameva mataM sUtre prANA bAhyAH zarIriNAm / tasyApahAramAtreNa syuste prAgeva ghAtitAH / / 3 / / ' (kha) purUSArthasiddhayupAya 103 / / praznavyAkaraNasUtra 3 / / 'vizanti naraka ghoraM duHkha jvAlA karAlitaM / amutra niyataM mUDhAH prANinazcauryacarvitA / / 15 / / ' (ka) 'gAme vA Nayare vA'raNNe vA pecchiUNa paramatthaM / ___jo muyadi gahaNabhAvaM tidiyavadaM hodi tasseva / / 58 / / ' (kha) 'saritpuragirigrAmavanavezmajalAdiSu / sthApitaM patitaM naSTaM parasvaM tyaja sarvathA / / 16 / ' 'cidacidrUpatApatraM yatparasvamanekadhA / tattyAjyaM saMyamoddAmasImAsaMrakSaNodyamaiH / / 17 / / ' -niyamasAra / -jJAnArNava sarga 10 / -vahI /

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102 jaina darzana meM samatvayoga kI sAdhanA yogya nahIM hai|66 AcArAMgasUtra meM asteya mahAvrata kA samyak rUpa se pAlana karane ke lie pAMca bhAvanAoM kA vidhAna milatA hai : 1. zramaNa vicArapUrvaka parimita parimANa meM hI vastuoM kI yAcanA kare; 2. yAcita AhArAdi vastuoM kA upabhoga AcArya yA gurU kI anumati se hI kare; 3. zramaNa apane lie nizcita parimANa meM hI vastuoM kI yAcanA kare; 4. zramaNa ko jaba bhI koI AvazyakatA ho, usa vastu kI mAtrA kA parimANa nizcita karake hI yAcanA kare; aura 5. apane sahayogI zramaNoM ke lie bhI vicArapUrvaka parimita parimANa meM hI vastuoM kI yAcanA kre|67 kucha AcAryoM ne asteya mahAvrata ke pAlana ke lie ina pAMca bAtoM ko bhI Avazyaka mAnA hai : 1. zramaNa ko hamezA nirdoSa sthAna para hI ThaharanA cAhie; 2. svAmI kI svIkRti se hI AhAra athavA Thaharane kA sthAna grahaNa karanA cAhie; 3. Thaharane ke lie jitanA sthAna gRhastha ne diyA, utanA hI upayoga karanA cAhie; 4. gurU kI anumati ke bAda hI AhAra Adi kA upabhoga karanA cAhie; aura 5. yadi kisI sthAna para pUrva meM koI zramaNa ThaharA ho, to usakI AjJA ko prApta karake hI ThaharanA caahie| zramaNa isa tIsare asteya nAmaka mahAvrata ko aMgIkAra kara mokSa kI upalabdhi kara sakatA hai| 166 (ka) dazavaikAlika sUtra 6/14-15 / (kha) 'AstAM paradhanAditsAM kartuM sva'ne'pi dhImatAm / / tRNa mAtramapi grAhyaM nAdattaM dantazuddhaye / / 18 / / ' AcArAMgasUtra 2/15/176 / 168 praznavyAkaraNasUtra 8 / -jJAnArNava sarga 10 / 167

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jainadarzana kA trividha sAdhanAmArga aura samatvayoga brahmacarya mahAvrata . 166 170 171 zramaNa kA caturtha mahAvrata brahmacarya mahAvrata hai / jaina AgamoM meM ahiMsA ke bAda brahmacarya kA hI mahattvapUrNa sthAna hai| uttarAdhyayanasUtra evaM jJAnArNava meM kahA gayA hai ki jo duSkara brahmacarya vrata kA pAlana karatA hai, use deva, dAnava aura yakSa Adi sabhI namaskAra karate haiM / " jJAnArNava meM batAyA gayA hai ki yaha vrata sAmAnya manuSya dhAraNa nahIM kara sakate / mana, vacana aura kAyA tathA kR ta-kArita aura anumodita rUpa se nava koTi sahita manuSya, tiryaMca aura deva zarIra sambandhI sabhI prakAra ke maithuna sevana kA tyAga karanA brahmacarya mahAvrata hai / praznavyAkaraNasUtra meM yaha ullekha milatA hai ki brahmacarya uttama tapa, niyama, jJAna, darzana, cAritra, samyaktva tathA vinaya kA mUla hai yama-niyamarUpa pradhAna guNoM se yukta hai / brahmacarya kA pAlana karanevAle manuSya kA jIvana bAhya evaM antaHkaraNa prazasta, nirmama, nizcala, gambhIra aura sthira ho jAtA hai / brahmacarya sAdhujanoM ke dvArA Acarita mokSa kA mArga hai / isa mahAvrata kA bhaMga hone se anya mahAvratoM kA tatkAla hI bhaMga ho jAtA hai arthAt sabhI vrata, niyama, zIla, tapa, guNa Adi kA kSaNa meM vinAza ho jAtA hai patana ho jAtA hai niyamasAra ke anusAra striyoM kA rUpa dekhakara unake prati AkRSTa nahIM honA hI brahmacarya vrata hai / 73 brahmacarya kI surakSA ke lie Antarika sAvadhAnI ke sAtha-sAtha bAhya saMyoga evaM bAhya vAtAvaraNa ke prati pUrNa sAvadhAnI Avazyaka hotI hai / vastutaH Antarika sajagatA ke sAtha .172 166 'hAsa kiDDa raI dappaM, sahasAvattAsiyANi ya / 170 171 172 173 bambhacerarao thINaM, nANuciMte kayAi vi / / 6 / / ' (ka) 'vidanti paramaM brahma yatsamAlambya yoginaH / tadavrataM brahmacaryaM syAddhiradhoreya gocaram / / 1 / / ' (kha) 'ekameva vrataM zlAghyaM brahmacaryaM jagattraye / yadvizuddhiM samApannAH pUjyante pUjitairapi / / 3 / / ' 'divamANusatericchaM, jo na sevai mehuNaM / maNasA kAyakkeNaM, taM vayaM bUma mAhaNaM / / 25 / / ' praznavyAkaraNasUtra 6 / 'daTThUNa ityirUvaM vAMchAbhAvaM Niyattade tAsu / mehuNasaNNavivajjiya pariNAmo ahava turIyavadaM / / 56 / / ' 103 - uttarAdhyayanasUtra adhyayana 16 / - jJAnArNava sarga 11 / -vahI / -uttarAdhyayanasUtra adhyayana 25 / - niyamasAra pR. 113 |

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jaina darzana meM samatvayoga kI sAdhanA 174 bAhya nimittoM ke prati vizeSa sajaga honA Avazyaka hai; kyoMki bAhya nimittoM ko pAkara antara meM dabI vAsanA kaba prakaTa ho jAe / uttarAdhyayanasUtra evaM jJAnArNava meM brahmacarya mahAvrata kI vistRta carcA kI gaI hai| isa mahAvrata kA pAlana karane vAlA sAdhaka sadaiva samatva meM sthira rahatA hai| uttarAdhyayanasUtra meM brahmacarya ke aTThAraha bhedoM kA bhI ullekha milatA hai| isakI TIkA meM isI ke AdhAra para isake nimna bheda bhI upalabdha hote haiM / audArika zarIra ( manuSya evaM tiryaMca) tathA vaikriya zarIra (devatA) ina donoM prakAra ke zarIroM se mana, vacana aura kAyA tathA kRta-kArita evaM anumodita rUpa maithuna sevana ke tyAga rUpa brahmacarya ke aTThAraha bheda ( 2 x 3 x3 18) hote haiM / 176 175 104 uttarAdhyayanasUtra meM brahmacarya kI rakSA evaM bAhya nimitta se bacane ke lie nimna bAtoM kA saMketa milatA hai : 174 176 177 1. vasati strI, pazu evaM napusaMka jisa sthAna para rahate hoM, vahA~ zramaNa kA ThaharanA ucita nahIM / uttarAdhyayana sUtra ke 32veM adhyayana meM kahA gayA hai ki jaise billiyoM ke pAsa cUhoM kA rahanA ucita nahIM hai, usI prakAra brahmacArI puruSa kA strI ke nikaTa yA strI kA puruSa ke nikaTa rahanA anucita hai|7 2. kathA bhikSu zrRMgAra - rasotpAdaka kathA bhI na kahe / saMthavo ceva nArINaM, tAsiM indiyadarisaNaM / / 11 / / kuiyaM rUiyaM gIyaM, hAsiyaM bhuttA siyANi ya / paNIyaM bhattapANaM ca aimAyaM pANabhoyaNaM / / 12 / / gattabhUsaNamiTTha ca, kAmabhogA ya dujjayA / / / ' narassattagavesissa, visaM tAlauDaM jahA || 13 (kha) 'saprapaMca pravakSyAmi jJAtvedaM gahanaM vratam / svalpo'pi na satAM klezaH kAryo 'syAlokya vistaram / / 2 / / 175 'baMbhammi nAyajjhayaNesu, ThANesu yaDasamAhie / --- (ka) 'Alao thIjaNAiNNo, thIkahA ya maNoramA / jeM bhikkhU jayaI nicca, se na acchaI maMDale / / 14 / / ' uttarAdhyayanasUtra TIkA patra 421 / = - uttarAdhyayanasUtra adhyayana vahI / - 16 / - jJAnArNava sarga 11 / - uttarAdhyayanasUtra adhyayana 31 / 'jahA birAlAvasahassamUle, na mUsagANaM vasahI pasatthA / emeva itthInilayassa majjhe, na baMbhayArissa khamo nivAso / / 13 / / ' - vahI adhyayana 32 /

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jainadarzana kA trividha sAdhanAmArga aura samatvayoga 105 3. niSidyA - bhikSu ko striyoM ke sAtha eka Asana para nahIM baiThanA caahie| zAntyAcArya ne uttarAdhyayanasUtra TIkA meM kahA hai ki jisa sthAna para koI strI baiThI ho, usa sthAna para bhikSu ko usake uThane ke samaya se lekara eka muhUrta taka nahIM baiThanA caahie| Adhunika kAla meM to vijJAna ne yahA~ taka siddha kara diyA hai ki eka vyakti jisa sthAna para baiThatA hai, uThane para bhI 48 minaTa taka usake paramANu vahA~ para bikhare hue rahate haiN| 48 minaTa meM usa sthAna se usa vyakti kA phoTo bhI liyA jA sakatA hai| isase yaha spaSTa hotA hai ki strI yA puruSa jisa sthAna para baiThe hoM, usa sthAna para brahmacArI sAdhaka ko nahIM baiThanA cAhie, kyoMki vahA~ baiThane para usameM vAsanA janita bhAvanAe~ utpanna ho sakatI haiN| 4. indriya-bhikSuka ko strI kI ora tathA sAdhvI ko puruSa kI ora rAgadRSTi se na dekhanA caahie| strI ke hAva-bhAva rUpa Adi ke dekhane se kAma-vAsanA utpanna hone kI sambhAvanA rahatI hai isalie pAMcoM indriyoM kA saMyama rkhe| 5. kuTyantara - brahmacarya meM rata bhikSu ko striyoM ke vividha prakAra ke zabdoM kA zravaNa nahIM karanA caahie| Asa-pAsa meM Ate hue striyoM ke kuMjana, gAyana, hAsya, krandana, rUdana aura viraha se utpanna vilApa Adi ke zravaNa se kAma vikAra utpanna hone kI sambhAvanA rahatI hai| 6. pUrvAvasthA - brahmacArI sAdhaka ko pUrva meM bhoge hue kAma bhoga kA cintana nahIM karanA caahie| isase vAsanA ke punaH uddIpta hone kI sambhAvanA rahatI hai| 7. praNIta - brahmacArI sAdhaka ko puSTikAraka (gariSTha) AhAra kA tyAga karanA caahie| uttarAdhyayanasUtra ke battIsaveM adhyayana meM kahA gayA hai ki jisa prakAra svAdiSTa phala vAle vRkSa ko pakSI pIr3ita karate haiM; usI prakAra ghI, dUdha Adi sarasa dravyoM ke sevana se kAma 178 uttarAdhyayanasUtra TIkA patra 424 /

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106 jaina darzana meM samatvayoga kI sAdhanA vAsanA uddIpta hokara pIr3ita karatI hai| ataH brahmacarya kI surakSA ke lie gariSTha bhojana kA tyAga Avazyaka hai|76 8. atimAtrAhAra - brahmacArI sAdhaka ko atimAtrA meM AhAra nahIM karanA caahie| maryAdA se adhika AhAra karane para indriyA~ aniyantrita ho jAtI haiM aura prAyaH sAdhaka rogagrasta ho jAte haiN| brahmacArI ko alpa evaM parimita mAtrA meM AhAra karanA caahie| 6. vibhUSAvarjana - brahmacArI sAdhu ko snAnAdi ke dvArA zarIra kI zobhA bar3hAne ke lie saundarya prasAdhanoM kA prayoga sarvathA varjanIya hai| 10. brahmacArI sAdhaka ko pAMcoM indriyoM sambandhI bhogopabhoga kA tyAga karanA caahie|" isI prakAra samatvayogI sAdhaka ko samabhAvapUrvaka isa mahAvrata kA pAlana karanA caahie| zubhacandrAcArya ne bhI dasa prakAra ke maithuna ko brahmacArI ke lie tyAgane yogya batAyA hai|82 yaha maithana kacha kAla paryanta taka to sukhadAyaka lagatA hai| lekina yaha kaisA sukhadAyaka hai? kiMpAka phala (indrayANa kA phala) dekhane, sUMghane aura khAne meM svAdiSTa evaM mIThA lagatA hai; kintu halAhala viSa kA kAma karatA hai| vaisA hI yaha hai|83 176 180 181 162 'rasA pagAmaM na niseviyavvA, pAyaM rasAdittikarA narANaM / dittaM ca kAmA samabhiddavaMti, dumaM jahA sAuphalaM va pakkhI / / 10 / ' -uttarAdhyayanasUtra adhyayana 32 / 'niggantho dhiimanto, nigganthIvi na karejja chahiM ceva / ThANehiM u imehiM, aNaikkamaNAi ya se hoI / / 34 // ' -vahI adhyayana 26 / uttarAdhyayanasUtra 26/34 / / 'AyaM zarIrasaMskAro dvitIyaM vRSyasevanam / tauryatrikaM tRtIya syAtsaMsargasturyamiSyate / / 7 / / yoSidviSaya saMkalpaH paMcamaM parikIrtitam / tadaMgavIkSaNaM SaSThaM saMskAraH saptamaMmatam / / 8 / / pUrvAnubhogasaMbhogasmaraNaM syAttadaSTamam / navamaM bhAvinI cintA dazamaM vastimokSaNam / / 6 / / ' -jJAnArNava sarga 11 'kimpAkaphalasaMbhogasatribhaM taddhi maithunam / ApAtamAtraramyaM syAdvipAke'tyantabhItidam / / 10 / / ' -vahI / 153

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jainadarzana kA trividha sAdhanAmArga aura samatvayoga 107 mUlAcAra meM abrahmacarya ke dasa kAraNoM kA ullekha milatA hai : (1) vipulAhAra; (2) zarIra zrRMgAra; (3) gaMdhamAlyadhAraNa; (4) gAnA-bajAnA; (5) ucca zayyA; (6) strI saMsarga; (7) indriyoM ke viSayoM kA sevana, (8) pUrvarati smaraNa (E) kAma-bhoga kI sAmagrI kA saMgraha; aura (10) strI sevaa| tattvArthasUtra meM inameM se pAMca kA ullekha hai|85 zramaNa yA zramaNI ko jahA~ apane brahmacarya ke khaNDana kI sambhAvanA hotI hai, una sthAnoM kA use parityAga kara denA caahie|6 zramaNa-zramaNI ko brahmacarya vrata akSuNya rakhane ke lie AcArAMgasUtra meM kaThoratama niyamoM evaM maryAdAoM kA nirdeza kiyA gayA aura pAMca bhAvanAe~ bhI kahI gaI haiN| isa prakAra isa brahmacarya mahAvrata kA pAlana karanevAlA (samatvayogI) saMsAra ke sabhI duHkhoM se chuTakArA pAkara vItarAga avasthA ko prApta kara letA hai| aparigraha mahAvrata zramaNa kA pAMcavA mahAvrata aparigraha hai| uttarAdhyayanasUtra meM batAyA gayA hai ki dhana, dhAnya, dAsa varga Adi jitane bhI jar3a evaM caitanya dravya haiM, una sabakA kRta-kArita-anumodita tathA mana, vacana aura kAyA se tyAga karanA aparigraha mahAvrata hai|8 vastutaH aparigraha mahAvrata nirmamatva evaM samatva bhAva kI sAdhanA hai| aparigraha ko samajhane se pahale parigraha ko samajhanA atyanta Avazyaka hai| tattvArthasUtra meM kahA gayA hai 'mUrchA parigrahaH' arthAt - - - 184 185 186 mUlAcAra 10/105-06 / tattvArthasUtra 7/7 / 'dujjaya kAmabhoge ya, niccaso parivajjae / saMkATThANANi savvANi, vajjejjA paNihANaMva / / 14 / / ' -uttarAdhyayanasUtra adhyayana 16 / AcArAMgasUtra 2/15/176 / (ka) 'dhaNadhanapesavaggesu, pariggahavivajjaNaM / savvArambhapariccAo, nimmamattaMsudukkaraM / / 30 / / ' -uttarAdhyayanasUtra adhyayana 16 1 (kha) dazavaikAlikasasUtra 4/5 / (ga) SaDkhaNDAgama meM guNasthAna vivecana 57 /

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108 jaina darzana meM samatvayoga kI sAdhanA mUrchA yA Asakti hI parigraha hai|6 dazavaikAlikasUtra meM bhI kahA gayA hai ki zramaNa ke lie sabhI taraha kA parigraha, cAhe vaha alpa ho yA adhika ho, tyAgane yogya hai| parigraha yA saMcaya karane kI vRtti Antarika lobha kI hI dyotaka hai| zramaNa yadi parigraha rakhatA hai, to vaha zramaNa nahIM apitu gRhastha hI hai| dazavaikAlikasUtra meM batAyA gayA hai ki parigraha kA vAstavika artha bAhya vastuoM kA saMgraha nahIM hai, varan Antarika mUrchAbhAva yA Asakti hI hai| prazamaratiprakaraNa meM bhI yahI ullekha milatA hai ki 'AdhyAtmavido mUrchA parigrahaM varNayati' adhyAtmavettA nizcayataH mUrchA ko hI parigraha mAnate haiN| jainAgamoM meM parigraha ke mukhyataH do vibhAga kiye gaye haiM - bAhya parigraha aura AbhyaMtara parigraha / bAhyaparigraha nau prakAra kA hai : (1) kSetra (khulIbhUmi); (2) vAstu (bhavana); (3) hiraNya (cA~dI); (4) svarNa; (5) dhana (sampatti); (6) dhAnya; (7) dvipada (dAsa-dAsI); (8) catuSpada (pazu Adi); aura (6) kupya (ghara, gRhasthI kA saamaan)| Antarika parigraha caudaha prakAra kA batAyA gayA hai : (1) mithyAtva; (2) hAsya; (3) rati; (4) arati; (5) bhaya; (6) zoka; (7) jugupsA; (8) strIveda; (6) puruSaveda; (10) napuMsakaveda; (11) krodha; (12) mAna; (13) mAyA; aura (14) lobha / 63 zramaNa ke lie sabhI taraha kA AbhyaMtara evaM bAhya parigraha tyAjya hai, aisA niyamasAra meM AcArya kundakunda ne batAyA hai|64 -dazavaikAlikasUtra 6 / 161 186 tattvArthasUtra 7/12 / 160 (ka) 'Na so pariggaho butto, NAyaputteNa tAiNA / mucchA pariggaho vutto, ii vuttaM mahesiNA / / 20 / / ' (kha) puruSArthasiddhayupAya 111 / prazaramatiprakaraNa 2/207 / zramaNasUtra 50 / vRhadkalpa 1/831 / 'savvesiM gaMthANaM cAgo NikhekkhabhAvaNApuvvaM / paMcamavadamidi bhaNidaM cArittabharaM vahaMtassa / / 60 / / ' 162 163 164 -niyamasAra /

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jainadarzana kA trividha sAdhanAmArga aura samatvayoga isa prakAra ke bAhya aura antaraMga bhedoM kA jJAnArNava meM zubhacandrAcArya ne vistRta vivecana kiyA hai| unhoMne bAhya parigraha ke dasa bheda kiye haiM aura antaraMga parigraha ke caudaha bheda kiye haiM / 165 AcArAMgasUtra meM zramaNa ke sahAyabhUta cAra upakaraNoM kA hI vidhAna kiyA gayA hai vastra, pAtra, kambala evaM rajoharaNa Adi / 166 AcArAMgasUtra ke anusAra svastha sAdhu eka vastra rakha sakatA hai / sAdhvI ke lie cAra vastra rakhane kA vidhAna hai| isI prakAra muni eka se adhika pAtra nahIM rakha sakatA / " praznavyAkaraNasUtra meM muni ke lie caudaha prakAra ke upakaraNoM kA vidhAna hai / 198 167 165 166 zubhacandrAcArya ne batAyA hai ki parigraha se kAma, kAma se krodha, krodha se hiMsA, hiMsA se pApa aura pApa se naraka gati prApta hotI hai / isa prakAra duHkha kA mUla parigraha hai / " zvetAmbara aura digambara paramparA meM parigraha ko lekara kiMcit matabheda hai / digambara paramparA ke anusAra muni ko vastra Adi anya sAmagrI rakhane kA niSedha hai; jabaki zvetAmbara paramparA use saMyamopakaraNa ke rUpa meM svIkAra karatI hai / 166 167 198 - isa prakAra samyakcAritra ke varNana meM zramaNa, samatva yA samabhAva kI sAdhanA ke lie hamane yahA~ para paMcamahAvratoM kA saMkSipta varNana kiyaa| aba mahAvratoM ko dUSita karanevAlI paccIsa kriyAoM kA varNana kreNge| tatpazcAt pAMca samiti, tIna gupti, bAIsa parISaha, dasa yatidharma, bAraha bhAvanA Adi kA hama agrima pRSThoM para saMkSipta meM varNana kreNge| ina paccIsa kriyAoM ke nAma tattvArthasUtrAdi kI TIkA evaM navatattva prakaraNa meM nimna prakAra se die gae haiM : (2) adhikaraNakI kriyA; (1) kAyikI kriyA; 166 . 'vAstu kSetraM dhanaM dhAnyaM dvipadAzca catuSpadAH / zayanAsanayAnaM ca kupyaM bhANDamamI daza / / 4 / ' AcArAMgasUtra 1/2/5/60 / vahI 2/5/1/114 evaM 2/6/1/152 / (ka) bolasaMgraha 5 / 28-26 / (kha) praznavyAkaraNasUtra 10 / 'saMgAtkAmastataH krodhastasmAddhisA yA'zubham / tena zvAzrI gatistasyAM duHkhaM vAcAmagocaram / / 12 / / " 106 -jJAnArNava sarga 16 / - jJAnArNava sarga 16 /

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110 jaina darzana meM samatvayoga kI sAdhanA (3) prAdveSikI kriyA; (4) pAritApanikI kriyA; (5) prANAtipAtikI kriyA; (6) ArambhakI kriyA; (7) parigrahakI kriyA; (8) mAyApratyayakI kriyA; (6) mithyAdarzana pratyayikI kriyA; (10) apratyAkhyAnikI kriyA; (11) dRSTikI kriyA; (12) spRSTikI kriyA; (13) prAtityakI kriyA; (14) sAmantopanipAtikI kriyA; (15) naizastrikI kriyA; (16) svAhistikI kriyA; (17) AjJApanikI kriyA; (18) vaidAraNikI kriyA; (16) anAbhogikI kriyA; (20) anavakAMkSapratyayikI kriyA; (21) prAyogikI kriyA; (22) sAmudAnikI kriyA; (23) premikI kriyA; (24) dveSikI kriyA aura (25) IryApathikI kriyA aadi|200 aSTapravacanamAtA : samiti gupti jainadharma meM zramaNa jIvana ke saMrakSaNa evaM saMvardhana ke lie pAMca samitiyoM evaM tIna guptiyoM kA vidhAna milatA hai| uttarAdhyayanasUtra meM inheM 'aSTa pravacanamAtA' kahA gayA hai| bhagavatIArAdhanA ke anusAra samiti aura gupti jJAna, darzana aura cAritra kI vaisI hI rakSA karatI hai, jaise mAtA apane putra kii| ataH gupti aura samiti ko mAtA kahA gayA hai|202 prAkRta meM 'pavayaNamAyAo' zabda meM pavayaNa arthAt pravacana zabda kA artha hai - jinezvara deva praNIta siddhAnta aura 'mAyAo' zabda 200 'kAiya ahigaraNiyA, pAusiyA pAritAvaNI kiriyA / pANAivAyAraMbhiya, pariggahiA mAyavattI a / / 22 / / - navatattva prakaraNa / micchAdasaNavattI apaccakkhANAM ya diTThi puTTi ya / pADucciya sAmaMto-vaNIa nesatthi sAhatthI / / 23 // - vahI / ANavaNi viaraNiA aNabhogA aNavakaMkhapaccAiyA / / annA paoga samudA-Na pijja doseriyAvahiyA / / 24 / / " -navatattva prakaraNa / (ka) 'aTTha pavayaNamAyAo, samiI guttI taheva ya / paMceva ya samiIo, tao guttIu AhiyA' / / 1 / / -uttarAdhyayanasUtra adhyayana 24 / (kha) manusmRti 2/20 / bhagavatIArAdhanA 120 / 302

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jainadarzana kA trividha sAdhanAmArga aura samatvayoga 111 kA artha hai maataa| pAMca samitiyoM aura tIna guptiyoM - ina AThoM meM sampUrNa pravacana kA samAveza ho jAtA hai| isalie inheM pravacanamAtA kahA jAtA hai| ina AThoM se pravacana kA prasava hotA hai; isalie bhI inheM pravacana mAtA kahA jAtA hai| samiti zramaNa jIvana kI sAdhanA kA pakSa hai| uttarAdhyayanasUtra meM samiti ke lie 'samiI' zabda prayukta kiyA gayA hai| samiti zabda 'sama' upasargapUrvaka 'iNa' (gato) dhAtu se banA hai| sam kA artha samyak prakAra se hai aura iNa kA artha gati yA pravRtti hai| dUsare zabdoM meM vivekapUrvaka AcaraNa karanA samiti hai| uttarAdhyayanasUtra, jJAnArNava tathA navatattvaprakaraNa meM pAMca samiti tathA tIna gupti kA varNana vistAra se milatA hai| lekina hama yahA~ para unakA saMkSipta vivaraNa hI prastuta kreNge| uttarAdhyayanasUtra ke anusAra pAMca samiti AcaraNa ke kSetra meM pravRtti rUpa haiN|03 isI prakAra navatattvaprakaraNa meM bhI samyaka prakAra se upayogapUrvaka jo pravRtti ho vaha samiti aura samyak prakAra se upayogapUrvaka nivRtti ho vaha gupti hai| samiti zramaNa jIvana meM saMyama nirvAha ke lie gamanAdi pAMca kriyAoM kI AvazyakatA par3atI hai| ve pA~ca kriyAe~ isa prakAra hai : 1. IryAsamiti : gamanAgamana kriyA meM saavdhaanii|204 2. bhASAsamiti : bolane meM sAvadhAnI / 205 / 3. eSaNAsamiti : AhArAdi kI gaveSaNA (anveSaNa), grahaNa evaM 203 (ka) "eyAo paJca samiIo, caraNassa ya pakttaNe / guttI niyattaNe vuttA, asubhattesu savvaso' / / 26 / / -uttarAdhyayanasUtra adhyayana 24 / (kha) 'iriyA bhAsesaNAdANe, uccAre samiIsu a / maNagutti vayagutti, kAyagutti taheva ya / / 26 // ' -navatattvaprakaraNa / 'iryAbhASaiSaNAdAna nikSepotsargasaMjJakAH / sadriH samitayaH paJca nirdiSTAH saMyatAtmAbhiH / / 3 / / vAkkAyacittajAne kasA vadya pratiSedhakaM / triyogarodhanaM vA syAdyattadguptitrayaM matam / / 4 / / ' -jJAnArNava sarga 18 / 204 'pAsugamaggeNa divAavalogaMto jugappamANahi / gacchai purado samaNo iriyAsamidi have tassa / / 61 / / ' -niyamasAra 4 / 'pesuNNahAsakakkasaparaNiMdappappasaMsiyaM vayaNaM / paricattA saparahidaM bhAsAsamidI vadaMtassa / / 62 / / ' -vahI / 205

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112 jaina darzana meM samatvayoga kI sAdhanA upabhoga meM saavdhaanii|06 4. AdAna nikSepa samiti : vastra, pAtra Adi upadhi ko uThAne evaM rakhane meM saavdhaanii|207 5. uccAra prasravaNa samiti : mUla mUtrAdi kA visarjana karane meM saavdhaanii|08 uttarAdhyayanasUtra meM kahA gayA hai ki muni apanI zArIrika gandagI ko aise sthAna para paraThe jahA~ jIvoM kI virAdhanA na ho| gupti gupti zabda gopana se banA hai; jisakA artha hai khIMca lenA - dUra kara lenaa| isakA dUsarA artha DhaMkanevAlA yA rakSA kavaca bhI hai| prathama artha ke anusAra mana, vacana aura kAyA ko azubha pravRttiyoM se haTA lenA hI gupti hai aura dUsare artha meM AtmA kI azubha se rakSA karanA gupti hai| gupti ke binA karmoM kA saMvara nahIM ho sktaa| bhagavatIArAdhanA, mUlAcAra Adi AgamoM meM kahA hai ki jisa prakAra kheta kI rakSA ke lie bAr3ha hotI hai, usI prakAra pApa ko rokane ke lie gupti hotI hai|06 sAmAnyataH gupti kA artha nivRttiparaka hai| guptiyA~ tIna prakAra kI haiM :210 207 206 'kadakAridANumodaNarahiMda taha pAsugaM pasatthaM ca / diNNapareNa bhattaM samabhuttI esaNAsamidI / / 63 / / ' -vahI / 'potthaikamaMDalAiM gahaNavisaggesu pytprinnaamo| AdAvaNaNikkhevaNasamidI hodi tti iiddaTThA / / 64 / / ' vahI / (ka) 'uccAraM pAsavaNaM, khelaM sighAMNajalliyaM / AhAraM uvahiM dehaM, anaM vAhi tahAvihaM / / 15 / / ' -uttarAdhyayanasUtra adhyayana 24 / (kha) 'pAsugabhUmipadese gUDhe rahie paroparoheNa / uccArAdiccAgo paiTThAsamidI have tassa / / 65 / / ' -niyamasAra / (ka) bhagavatIArAdhanA gA. 1186 / (kha) mUlAdhAra gA. 334 / / (ka) 'iriyA bhASeSaNAdANe, uccAre samiIsua / maNagutti vayagutti, kAyagutti taheva yaa| 26 / / ' (kha) 'iriyA bhASeSaNAdANe, uccAre samiI iya / maNaguti vayaguti, kAyagutI ya aTThamA / / 2 / / ' -uttarAdhyayanasUtra adhyayana 24 / (ga) 'samyagyoganigraho guptiH / / 4 / ' -sarvArthasiddhi / (gha) tattvArthavArtika 6/4/4 / (ca) tattvArthasAra 6/4 / -navatattva prakaraNa /

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jainadarzana kA trividha sAdhanAmArga aura samatvayoga 113 1. manogupti; 2. vacanagupti; aura 3. kaaygupti| 1. manogupti : azubha pravRtti se mana ko haTAkara zubha pravRtti yA samatva kI ora abhimukha honA manogupti hai| niyamasAra meM AcArya kundakunda ne kahA hai ki krodha, mAna, mAyA, lobha, rAga, dveSa Adi azubha bhAvoM ke parihAra ko vyavahAranaya se manogupti kahA hai| uttarAdhyayanasUtra meM bhI manogupti ke cAra prakAra batAye gae haiM : satya, asatya, satyamRSA aura astyamRssaa| 2. vacanagupti : azubha evaM asatya vacana vyavahAra kA parityAga karanA vacana gupti hai| pApa kI hetubhUta strIkathA, rAjakathA, dezakathA, bhaktakathA ityAdi vacanoM kA parihAra karanA hI vacanagupti hai| uttarAdhyayanasUtra meM bhI manogupti ke cAra prakAra batAye gae haiM : satya, asatya, mizra aura vyvhaar|14 kAyagupti : kAyA ke vyApAra se nivRta ho jAnA kAyagupti hai| bandhana, chedana, mArana, AkuMcana (saMkocanA) tathA prasAraNa ityAdi kAya kriyAoM se nivRtti ko kAyagupti kahate haiN|215 uttarAdhyayanasUtra ke unnIsaveM adhyayana meM manogapti, vacanagapti aura kAyagupti ke phala ko paribhASita kiyA gayA hai| vaha isa prakAra hai16 : mana ko niyantrita karake samatvayoga meM ekAgra rahanA manogupti hai| vacana ko niyantrita karake samabhAva meM sthira bananA vacanagupti hai| .3. 211 -niyamasAra 4 / 'kAlussamohasaNNArAgaddosAiasuhabhAvANaM / parihAro maNuguttI vavahAraNayeNa parikahiyaM / / 66 / / ' uttarAdhyayanasUtra 24/20 / 'thI rAjacorabhattakahAdivayaNassa pAvaheussa / parihAro vayaguttI aliyAdiNiyattivayaNaM vA / / 67 // ' uttarAdhyayanasUtra 24/22-23 / 'baMdhaNachedaNamAraNaAkuMcaNa taha pasAraNAdIyA / kAyakiriyANiyattI NiddiTThA kAyagutti tti / / 68 / / ' uttarAdhyayanasUtra 26/54-55 / -vahI / 214 30 -vahI / 216

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114 kAyika pravRttiyoM kA nirodha karanA kAyagupti hai / parISaha : 217 218 zramaNa sAdhaka dvArA sAdhanA mArga meM anukUla evaM pratikUla paristhitiyoM ko samabhAvapUrvaka sahana karanA parISaha kahA jAtA hai / sthAnAMgasUtra meM bhI kahA gayA hai ki samabhAvapUrvaka parISaha sahana karane vAle sAdhaka kI karma nirjarA hotI hai / tattvArthasUtra meM batAyA gayA hai ki sAdhaka mokSamArga se cyuta na ho tathA karma nirjarA ke lie jo kucha sahane yogya hai, vaha parISaha hai / 26 jIvana meM parISaha ko sahana karanA Avazyaka mAnatA hai / tapazcaryA meM svecchA se kaSTa sahana kiyA jAtA hai 1 lekina parISaha meM Akasmika rUpa se jo saMkaTa upasthita ho jAte haiM; unheM sahana kiyA jAtA hai / zramaNa jIvana kI sAdhanA meM bAdhaka paristhitiyA~ parISaha kahalAtI haiM / parISaha kA zAbdika artha 'pari' arthAt samagra rUpa se athavA avicalita bhAva se evaM ' Saha' arthAt sahana karanA / zramaNa sAdhanA kA mukhya mArga samatva hai / saMyama yAtrA meM samatva se vicalita hone ke lie aneka paristhitiyA~ AtI haiM / una paristhitiyoM meM samabhAva rakhanA yA use samabhAvapUrvaka saha lenA parISahajaya hai / dazavaikAlikasUtra meM parISahajaya ko muni kA karttavya batAyA gayA hai | 220 uttarAdhyayanasUtra, samavAyAMga, tattvArthasUtra Adi meM bAisa parISahoM kA vivecana kiyA gayA hai| sAtha hI una para vijaya prApta karane kI preraNA bhI dI gaI hai / yaha bAisa parISaha 217 vahI TIkA patra 126 / sthAnAMgasUtra 5/1/74 / 'mArgAcyavananirjarArthaM pariSoDhavyAH parISahAH / / 8 / / ' (ka) 'AyavayaMti gimhesu, hemaMtesu avAuDA / vAsAsu paDilINA saMjayA susamAhiyA / / 12 / / ' (kha) 'parIsaha riUdaMtA dhu'mohA jiiMdiyA / savva dukkha ppahINaTThA pakkamaMti mahesiNo / / 13 / / ' 218 216 jaina darzana meM samatvayoga kI sAdhanA 220 tattvArthasUtra 6 / - dazavaikAlikasUtra 3 / -vahI /

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jainadarzana kA trividha sAdhanAmArga aura samatvayoga 115 nimna prakAra se hai|221 1. kSudhAparISaha : atyanta bhUkha se pIr3ita hone para bhI sAdhu niyama virUddha AhAra grahaNa na kre| samabhAvapUrvaka bhUkha kI vedanA sahana kare / 222 2. pipAsAparISaha : zramaNa kA pyAsa se kaNTha sUkhatA ho; taba bhI sacitta jala na pie, pyAsa kI vedanA sahana kre|223 3. zItaparISaha : atyadhika zIta lagane para bhI zramaNa agni se tapane kI icchA na kre|224 4. uSNaparISaha : atyadhika garmI hone para bhI zramaNa snAna yA paMkhe Adi se vAyu sevana kI abhilASA na kare / 225 / / 5. daMzamazakaparISaha : DA~sa, macchara Adi kATane se una para krodha na kreN| samatA bhAva se sahana kre|26 6. acelakaparISaha : vastroM ke phaTa jAne se, purAne ho jAne se yA anukUla na hone se glAni na laave| pramANa se 221 222 (ka) uttarAdhyayanasUtra adhyayana 2 / (kha) samavAyAMgasUtra 22/1 / (ga) 'kSutpipAsA-zItoSNadaMzamazakanAganyAratistrIcaryA niSadyAzayyA''krozavadhayAcanA 'lAbharoga tRNasparzamala satkArapuraskAra prajJA'jJAnadarzanAni / / 10 / / ' -tattvArthasUtra 6 / (ka) 'digiMchAparigraha dehe, tavassI zikkhu thAmavaM / na chide na chiMdAvae, na pae na payAvae / / 2 / / ' -uttarAdhyayanasUtra adhyayana 2 / (kha) 'zakanAgnyAratistrIcaryA / / 1 / / ' -samavAyAMgasUtra 22 / (ga) 'kSutpipAsA-zItoSNadaMzamaza kanAganyAratistrIcaryA niSadyAzayyA''kozavadhayAcanA 'lAbharoga tRNa sparzamalasatkArapuraskAra prajJA'jJAnadarzanAni / / 10 ||'-tttvaarthsuutr 6 / 'tao puTho pivAsAe do guMchI lajjasaMjae / sIodagaMna sevijjA, viyaDasseNaM care / / 4 / / ' -uttarAdhyayanasUtra adhyayana 2 / 'na meM nivAraNaM atthi, chavittANaM na bijjaI / ahaM tu aggiM sevAmi, ii zikkhU na ciMtae / / 7 / / ' -vhii| 'uNhAhitatte mehAvI, siNANaM no vi patthae / gAyaM no parisiMcejjA, na vIejjA ya appayaM / / 6 / / ' -vhii| 'puTTho yadaMsamasaehiM, samareva mahAmuNI / / nAgo saMgAmasIse vA, sUro abhihaNe paraM / / 10 / / ' -vahI /

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116 jaina darzana meM samatvayoga kI sAdhanA adhika na rkhe|227 7. aratiparISaha : sAdhu jIvana meM sukha-suvidhAoM kA abhAva hai, isa prakAra kA vicAra na kre| saMyama meM aruci ho to bhI mana lagAkara usakA pAlana kre| 8. strIparISaha : strI saMga kI Asakti ko bandhana aura patana kA kAraNa jAnakara sAdhu strI saMsarga kI icchA na kare aura sAdhvI puruSa ko dekhakara apanA mana brahmacarya se calAyamAna na kare aura saMyama meM dRr3ha rahe / 6. caryAparISaha : yahA~ caryA kA artha gamana hai| grAmAnugrAma vihAra karate hue mArga ke kaSToM, kaMkara, patthara, kA~Te, viSama bhUmi Adi evaM paricita-aparicita gA~va meM anukUla-pratikUla paristhitiyoM ko samabhAvapUrvaka sahana kre| 10. niSadyAparISaha : svAdhyAya Adi ke lie ekAsana se baiThanA par3e athavA baiThane ke lie viSama bhUmi upalabdha huI ho; to bhI zramaNa mana meM duHkhI na hokara samatA bhAva se sahana kre| 11. zayyAparISaha : zayyA yogya sthAna acchA na ho athavA upAzraya TUTA-phUTA ho - havAdAra na ho, to zramaNa mana meM duHkhI na ho| samabhAva se sahana kreN|28 12. AkrozaparISaha : yadi koI zramaNa ko kaThora evaM karkaza zabda kahe athavA apazabda kahe to bhI unheM sahana kara usake prati krodha na kre|226 13. vadhaparISaha : yadi koI zramaNa para prahArAdi kare evaM kadAcit usakA prANAnta bhI karane ke lie tatpara ho jAe, to bhI sAdhu pUrvakRta karmoM kA vipAka mAnakara 227 'parijuNNehiM vatthehiM, hokkhAmi tti acelae / aduNa sacelae hokkhAmi, ii bhikkhU na ciMtae / / 12 / / ' -vhii| 'pairipakkuvassayaM laddhaM, kallANamaadu pAvagaM / kimegarAyaM karii, evaM tattha'hiyAsae / / 23 / / ' - uttarAdhyayanasUtra adhyayana 2 / 'akkosejjA paro bhikkhaM na tesiM paDisaMjale / sariso hoI bAlANaM, tamhA bhikkhU na saMjale / / 24 / / ' -vahI / 226

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jainadarzana kA trividha sAdhanAmArga aura samatvayoga 117 rAga-dveSa ke pariNAma na laave| samatva bhAvanA meM ramaNa kre| 14. yAcanAparISaha : saMyamopayogI vastuoM kI yAcanA karate hue lajjA na kre|30 15. alAbhaparISaha : Avazyaka vastra, pAtra, AhAra, pAnI Adi sAmagrI Adi na milane para sAdhu lAbhAntarAya karma kA udaya samajhakara use samabhAva se sahana kre| 16. rogaparISaha : zarIra meM vyAdhi utpanna hone para sAdhu rUdana na kre| cikitsA ke sambandha meM adhIra na hokara use asAtAvedanIya kA udaya samajhakara vedanA ko samabhAvapUrvaka sahana kre| 17. traNasparzaparISaha : traNa Adi kI zayyA meM sone tathA mArga __ meM naMge paira calane se tRNa yA kA~Te Adi cubhane kI vedanA ko samabhAva se sahana kre|" 18. malaparISaha : vastra yA zarIra para pasIne evaM dhUla Adi ke kAraNa maila jama jAe to bhI sAdhu udvelita na hokara use samabhAva se sahana kre|32 16. satkAra-puraskAra parISaha : janatA meM mAnasammAna hone para sAdhu prasanna na ho aura na hone para khinna bhI nahIM ho - samabhAva meM rahe / 233 20. prajJAparISaha : sAdhu apanI tIvra buddhi kA garva na kre| logoM ke vivAdAdi karane se bhI khinna hokara yaha vicAra nahIM kare ki isase to ajJAnI hotA to acchA rhtaa| 21. ajJAnaparISaha : yadi sAdhu kI buddhi manda ho - kadAcit parizrama karane para bhI zAstra Adi kA adhyayana na kara 230 -vahI / 'goyaraggapaviTThassa, pANI no suppasArae / seo agAravAsu tti, ii bhikkhu na ciMtae / / 26 / / ' 'acelagassa lahassa, saMjayassa tavassiNo / taNesu sayamANassa, hujjA gAya-virAhaNA / / 34 / / ' 'kilinagAe mehAvI, paMkeNa va raeNa vA / priMsu vA paritAveNa, sAyaM no paridevae / / 36 / / ' 'aho! te ajjavaM sAhu, aho! te sAhu maddavaM / aho! te uttamA khantI, aho! te mutti uttamA / / 57 / / ' -vhii| -vahI / 233 -vahI adhyayana 6 /

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118 jaina darzana meM samatvayoga kI sAdhanA sake, to bhI khinna na hokara jJAna va jJAnI kI bhakti, vinaya, bahumAna, sevA Adi karake apanI sAdhanA meM saMlagna rahe / 22. samyaktvaparISaha : anya dharmAvalambI sAdhu, sanyAsI, yogI Adi ke ADambara dekhakara sAdhu apane zuddha dharma se vicalita na ho| usakI deva, gurU, dharma ke prati pUrNa zraddhA honI cAhie / ina bAIsa parISahoM meM bIsa parISaha pratikUla aura do parISaha anukUla haiN| AcArAMganiryukti meM anukUla parISahoM ko zIta parISaha evaM pratikUla parISahoM ko uSNa parISaha kahA gayA hai| 234 dazavidha munidharma : jaina AgamoM meM dazavidha zramaNa dharma kA varNana vistAra se milatA hai; jisakA pAlana gRhastha aura zramaNa donoM kara sakate haiM / uttarAdhyayanasUtra ke veM adhyayana meM Arjava, mArdava, kSamA evaM mukti ina cAra dharmoM kA hI varNana kiyA gayA hai / 235 isake ikatIsaveM adhyayana meM spaSTa rUpa se batAyA gayA hai ki jo dazavidha munidharma kA pAlana samyak prakAra se karatA hai, vaha saMsAra paribhramaNA se mukta ho jAtA hai / isa gAthA kI vyAkhyA meM nimna dasa dharmoM kA ullekha upalabdha hotA hai : 236 (2) mArdava; (1) kSamA; (5) tapa; (6) saMyama; (6) akiMcana; aura (10) brhmcry| (3) Arjava; (7) satya; prakArAntara meM ina dasa dharmoM kA ullekha AcArAMgasUtra, sthAnAMgasUtra, samavAyAMga, mUlAcAra, bArasAnuvekkhA, tattvArthasUtra, (4) mukti; (8) zauca; 234 AcArAMganiryukti 202-03 / 235 uttarAdhyayanasUtra 6/57 / 236 (ka) uttarAdhyayanasUtra TIkA patra 3016 | (kha) 'uttamaH kSamAmArdavaArjavazaucasatyasaMyamatapastyAga satyAgAkiMcanyabrahmacaryANi dharmaH || 6 || ' - tattvArthasUtra 6 /

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jainadarzana kA trividha sAdhanAmArga aura samatvayoga 116 navatattvaprakaraNa Adi aneka granthoM meM bhI vyApaka rUpa se upalabdha hotA hai|37 uttarAdhyayanasUtra meM kahA gayA hai ki sAdhaka krodha se apane Apa ko bacAye rkhe|238 1. kSamA - kSamA AtmA kA prathama dharma hai| dazavaikAlikasUtra meM batAyA gayA hai ki krodha prIti kA nAzaka hai| kSamA ke dvArA hI krodha para vijaya prApta kI jA sakatI hai|236 'metti bhUvesu kapae' arthAt sabhI prANiyoM ke prati maeNtrI bhAva dhAraNa kreN| mArdava - mArdava kA artha hai vinamratA yA komltaa| uttarAdhyayanasUtra meM kathana hai ki dharma kA mUla vinaya hai|240 sAdhaka vinaya se ahaMkAra para vijaya prApta kara sakatA hai|41 dazavaikAlikasUtra meM bhI vinaya kA vistRta vivecana milatA hai|242 3. Arjava - niSkapaTatA yA saralatA Arjava guNa hai| sarala hRdaya meM hI dharma kA vAsa ho sakatA hai|43 AcArAMgasUtra meM kahA gayA hai ki kathanI aura karanI me 2. -navatattvaprakaraNa / 237 (ka) AcArAMgasUtra 1/6/5 / (kha) sthAnAMgasUtra 10/14 / (ga) samavAyAMgasUtra 10/6 / (gha) mUlAcAra 11/15 / (ca) tattvArthasUtra 6/12 / (cha) bArasAnuvekkhA 71 / (ja) 'khaMtI maddava ajjava, muttI tava saMjame a bodhavve / saccaM soaM AkiMcaNaM ca baMbhaM ca jai dhammo / / 26 / / uttarAdhyayanasUtra 4/12 / 'jarA jAva na pIlei vAhI jAva na vddddhii| jAviMdiA na hAyaMti, tAva dhamma samAyare / / 35 / / ' vahI 1/45 / (ka) uttarAdhyayanasUtra 4/12 / (kha) 'koho pIiM paNAsei, mANo viNaya-nAsaNo / ___ mAyA mittANI nAsei, loho sabva-viNAsaNo / / 37 / / ' 242 dekheM dazavaikAlikasUtra, navama adhyayana / / 243 'sohi ujju bhueSu dhammo suddhassaciTTaI / / 12 / / TRE -dazavaikAlikasUtra 8 / -dazavaikAlikasUtra 8 / -uttarAdhyayanasUtra 3 /

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120 jaina darzana meM samatvayoga kI sAdhanA ekarUpatA hI saralatA hai|44 4. mukti - mukti kA artha nirlobhatA hai| lobha vRtti kA tyAga hI mukti dharma hai| tapa - AtmA ko vizuddha karane ke lie yA karmoM kI nirjarA ke lie tapa kiyA jAtA hai|| 6. saMyama - mana, vacana tathA kAyA kI pravRttiyoM ko niyantrita karanA arthAt vivekapUrNa pravRtti karanA hI saMyama hai| samavAyAMgasUtra meM saMyama ko satraha prakAra kA batAyA gayA hai|245 7. satya - satyadharma se tAtparya hai, satyatA yA ImAnadArI se jIvanayApana karanA evaM asatya bhASaNa se virakta rhnaa| 8. zauca - yaha 'zucerbhAvaH zaucama' arthAta pavitratA kA sUcaka hai| zauca kA sAmAnya artha daihika pavitratA yA zArIrika zuddhi hotA hai| akiMcanatA - mUlAcAravRtti meM parigraha kA tyAga akiMcanatA batAyA gayA hai| akiMcanatA kA vyutpattiparaka artha 'nAsti yasya kiMcana saH akiMcana akiMcanasya bhAva iti akiMcanam' arthAt AtmA ke atirikta merA kucha bhI nahIM hai| isa prakAra kA bhAva akiMcana hai| tattvArthabhASya ke anusAra zarIrAdi meM mamatva bhAva kA sarvadA abhAva hI akiMcanatA hai|247 10. brahmacarya - zramaNa ke lie sabhI prakAra kA maithUna tyAjya hai| isakA vistRta vivecana hamane brahmacarya mahAvrata meM kiyA hai| bAraha bhAvanA (anuprekSA) jaina dharma meM gRhastha aura zramaNa donoM ke lie bAraha bhAvanAoM 245 244 'jahA aMto tahA bAhiM jahA bAhiM tahA aNto| -AcArAMgasUtra 1/2/5/126 / samavAyAMgasasUtra 17/2 / dekhiye 'mUlAcAra - eka samIkSatmaka adhyayana' pR. 226 / 247 tattvArthabhASya 213 / 246

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jainadarzana kA trividha sAdhanAmArga aura samatvayoga kA cintana Avazyaka batAyA gayA hai| ye bAraha bhAvanAe~ mana ke ve bhAvanAtmaka pahalU haiM, jo sAdhaka ko usakI vastusthiti kA bodha karAte haiN| bhAvanA vihIna dharma zUnya hai / vAstava meM bhAvanA hI paramArtha svarUpa hai / ina bhAvanAoM kA vistAra se vivecana hamane caturtha adhyAya meM kiyA hai| yahA~ hama kevala inake nAmoM kA hI ullekha karate haiM : (1) anitya; (2) azaraNa; (5) saMsAra; (6) loka; (6) saMvara; (10) nirjarA; 250 (3) ekatva; (7) azuci; (11) dharma; aura 248 246 250 -251 prakArAntara se jaina paramparA meM cAra bhAvanAoM kA vivecana bhI upalabdha hotA hai / tattvArthasUtra, yogazataka, amitagati, tathA yogazAstra Adi aneka granthoM meM maitrI, pramoda, kArUNya aura mAdhyastha ina cAra bhAvanAoM kA ullekha bhI milatA hai / ye bhAvanAe~ samatvayoga kI sAdhanA ke lie Avazyaka haiM / 251 2.3.2 sAmAyika cAritra evaM samatvayoga kI sAdhanA I pUrva meM hamane cAritra ke bhedoM kI carcA karate hue yaha dekhA thA ki jaina dharma meM pAMca prakAra ke samyakcAritra pratipAdita kiye gae haiM / unameM sAmAyika cAritra kA sabase prathama sthAna hai / isake pUrva bhI hamane sAmAyika aura samatvayoga kI sAdhanA meM tAratamya batAyA thA ki jaina sAdhanA ko yadi eka hI vAkya meM kahanA ho, to vaha samatvayoga yA sAmAyika kI sAdhanA hai / sAmAyika kA tAtparya samabhAva kI upalabdhi hI mAnA gayA hai / sAmAyika kI sAdhanA kA matalaba yahI hai ki vyakti rAga-dveSa aura tadjanya kaSAyoM se Upara uThe / kaSAyoM ke rUpa meM jainadarzana meM nimna cAra kaSAyeM mAnI gaI (4) anyatva; (8) Anava; (12) bauddhi / 248 'maitrIpramoda - kArUNya - mAdhyasthyAni / / 6 / / ' 246 yogazataka 76 / 'satveSu maitrI guNiSu pramoda, kliSTeSu jIveSu kRpAparatvam / mASyasIbhAvaM viparItavRtau, sadA mamAtmA vidadhAtu deva / / ' - paramAtmA jJAtrizikA ( amitagati ) / 'maitrIpramoda - kArUNya- mAdhyasthyAni niyojayet / dharmadhyAnamupaskartuM taddhi tasya rasAyanam / / 117 / / ' - yogazAstra 4 / 121 - tattvArthasUtra 7 /

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122 jaina darzana meM samatvayoga kI sAdhanA haiM : (1) krodha; (2) mAna; (3) mAyA; aura (4) lobh| ina kaSAyoM ke mUla meM bhI rAga-dveSa ke tatva rahe hue haiN| AcArya haribhadra ne mokSa kI prApti kA jo nikaTatama sAdhana batAyA hai, use ve sAmAyika yA kaSAya-mukti kahate haiN| ve likhate haiM ki jo bhI samabhAva kI sAdhanA karegA, vaha mukti ko prApta kregaa| anyatra ve yaha bhI kahate haiM ki kaSAyoM se mukti hI vAstavika mukti haiN| kaSAyoM se Upara uThanA hI sAmAyika kI sAdhanA hai aura ise hI sAmAyika yA samatvayoga kI sAdhanA bhI kahA jAtA hai| manovaijJAnika dRSTi se hama yaha pAte haiM ki hamArI cetanA ke samatva ko bhaMga karanevAlA mUla tatva rAga hai| rAga ke kAraNa hI dveSa kA janma hotA hai| vastutaH jahA~-jahA~ rAga hai, vahA~-vahA~ vyakta yA avyakta rUpa meM dveSa rahA huA hai aura ye rAga-dveSa ke tatva hI krodha, mAna, mAyA aura lobha rUpa kaSAyoM ko janma dete haiN| kaSAyoM kI upasthiti meM sAmAyika cAritra kA paripAlana sambhava nahIM hotA hai| jainadarzana ke karma siddhAnta meM yaha batAyA gayA hai ki jaba taka vyakti ke jIvana meM anantAnubandhI kaSAya catuSka kI sattA rahatI hai arthAt krodha, mAna, mAyA aura lobha ke tatva apane tIvratama rUpa meM upasthita hote haiM, taba taka use samyagdarzana kI prApti nahIM hotI hai| isI prakAra jaba taka vyakti ke apratyAkhyAnI kaSAya catuSka arthAt krodha, mAna, mAyA aura lobha kI vaha sthiti, jisa para niyantraNa karanA sambhava na ho, samApta nahIM hotI; taba taka vaha gRhastha dharma kA bhI paripAlana nahIM kara paataa| muni jIvana ke lie to kahA gayA hai ki jaba taka vyakti kaSAyoM para niyantraNa kI kSamatA pUrNataH vikasita nahIM kara letA, taba taka vaha muni jIvana ke yogya nahIM banatA hai| sAmAyika cAritra kI sAdhanA muni jIvana kA prathama caraNa hai| vaha tabhI sambhava hai, jaba vyakti kaSAyoM ke vyakta hone kI sampUrNa sambhAvanAoM ko nirasta kara de| kaSAyoM kI upasthiti meM sAmAyika kI sAdhanA sambhava nahIM hotI aura muni jIvana meM bhI praveza sambhava nahIM hotaa| sAmAyika cAritra ke paripAlana ke lie bhI kaSAyoM se Upara uThanA Avazyaka hai; kyoMki ye kaSAya hamAre caitasika samatva ko bhaMga karate haiN| jaba taka kaSAya kI abhivyakti hotI rahatI hai, taba taka sAmAyika kI sAdhanA sambhava nahIM hotI

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jainadarzana kA trividha sAdhanAmArga aura samatvayoga hai / ataH sAmAyika cAritra aura samatvayoga kI sAdhanA meM tAdAtmya hI parilakSita hotA hai; kyoMki samatvayoga kI sAdhanA ke lie bhI cittavRtti kA nirAkula honA Avazyaka hai| jaba taka cetanA meM AkulatA hai, taba taka samatvayoga kI sAdhanA sambhava nahIM hai / cAritra tabhI samyak banatA hai, jaba hameM caitasika samatva kI upalabdhi ho aura isa caitasika samatva kI upalabdhi ke lie cittavRtti kA icchA, AkAMkSA aura rAga-dveSa se Upara uThanA Avazyaka hai| icchAoM, AkA~kSAoM, rAga-dveSa tathA tadjanya kaSAyoM se Upara uThane para hI cAritra samyak banatA hai / samyakcAritra hI sAmAyika cAritra hai aura yahI samatvayoga kI sAdhanA hai / isa prakAra hama dekhate haiM ki jainadarzana meM jo trividha sAdhanA mArga prastuta kiyA gayA hai, vaha samatvayoga kI sAdhanA ke lie hI hai / samyagdarzana, samyagjJAna aura samyakcAritra ye tInoM hI samatvayoga kI sAdhanA ke hI tIna pakSa haiN| isa prakAra jainadarzana kA yaha trividha sAdhanA mArga samatvayoga kI sAdhanA hI hai| inheM eka dUsare se pRthak nahIM kiyA jA sakatA / 252 samyak cAritra mokSamArga kI sAdhanA kA tRtIya caraNa hai / isake dvArA sAdhaka sarvakarma kSaya karake mokSa prApta kara sakatA hai / samyagdarzana ke binA jJAna samyak nahIM hotA aura jaba taka jJAna samyak nahIM hotA, taba taka cAritra samyak nahIM ho sakatA hai isase yaha phalita hotA hai ki samyagdarzana aura samyagjJAna ye donoM samyakcAritra rUpI vRkSa ke bIja aura mUla haiM / jaise bIja aura mUla ke binA koI bhI vRkSa panapa nahIM sakatA, vaise hI samyagdarzana rUpa bIja aura samyagjJAna rUpa mUla ke binA samyakcAritra rUpI vRkSa panapa nahIM sakatA / usakA astitva bhI ina donoM ke binA nahIM raha sktaa| dUsarI dRSTi se dekheM, to samyakcAritra apane sAtha ina donoM ko lekara calatA hai / sarvArthasiddhi meM bhI kahA gayA hai ki " cAritra mokSa kA sAkSAtkAra hai / " bhagavatI ArAdhanA meM batAyA gayA 252 'nAdaMsaNissa nANaM, nANeNa viNA na huMti caraNaguNA / aguNissa natthi mokkho, natthi amokkhassa nivvANaM / / 30 / / ' 123 - - uttarAdhyayanasUtra adhyayana 28 /

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jaina darzana meM samatvayoga kI sAdhanA hai ki " cAritra kI ArAdhanA karane se darzana, jJAna aura tapa tInoM ArAdhanAe~ ho jAtI haiN|" cAritrapAhuDa meM bhI samyagdarzanAdi tInoM ko cAritra rUpa batAte hue kahA gayA hai ki "samyaktvAcaraNa se hI mokSa kI prApti hotI hai / " mahApurANa ke anusAra samyagdarzana aura samyagjJAna se rahita koI bhI kriyA mukti rUpa kArya ke lie upayogI nahIM hotI / 253 124 uttarAdhyayanasUtra meM kahA gayA hai ki "jo karma ke rajakaNa ko rikta karatA hai, vaha cAritra hai / 254 cAritra kI yahI carcA nizIthabhASya meM bhI prApta hotI hai / 255 tattvAnuzAsana meM kahA gayA hai ki " mana-vacana-kAyA se kRta-kArita - anumodana dvArA pApa rUpa kriyAoM kA tyAga samyakcAritra hai|" 256 dravyasaMgraha meM cAritra kA lakSaNa upalabdha hotA hai ki "azubha se nivRtti aura zubha meM pravRtti ko cAritra kahA hai / vyavahAranaya se usa cAritra ko vrata - samiti aura guptirUpa kahA hai 257 bhagavatIArAdhanA meM batAyA gayA hai ki "satpuruSoM dvArA 253 254 ( ka ) ' cAritramante gRhyante mocaprApteH sAkSAtkAraNamitijJApanArtham / ' ( kha ) ' ahavA cArittArAhaNAe ArAhiyaM savvaM / ArAhaNAe sesassa cArittarAhaNA bhajjA / / ' ( ga ) 'taM caiva guNavisuddhaM, jiNasammattaM sumukkhaThANAe / jaM cara NANattaM paDhamaM sammattacaraNacArittaM // 8 // sammata-caraNa-sudhdA saMjamacaraNassa jai va supasidhdA / NANI amUDhadiTThI acire pAvaMti NivvANaM / / 6 / / ' (gha) 'cAritra darzana - jJAnavikalaM nArthakRttam / patanAyaiva tadi syAt andhasyaiva vivilgitam / / ' 'akasAyamahakkhAyaM, chaumatthassa jiNassa vA / - uttarAdhyayanasUtra adhyayana 28 / 255 eyaM cayarittakaraM caritaM hoI AhiyaM / / 33 / / ' nizIthabhASya / -'jainadarzana aura kabIra kA tulanAtmaka adhyayana' pR. 125 se udhRta / 256 'cetasA vacasA tanvA kRtAnumata- kAritai pApakriyANAM yastyAgaH - tatvAnuzAsana 27 (nAgasenasUri) / - dravyasaMgraha | 257 saccAritrabhuvanti tat / ' 'asuhAdo viNivittI suhe pavittI ca jANa cArittaM / vada-samidi-guttirUvaM-vavahAraNayA du jiNa - bhaNiyaM / / 45 / / - sarvArthasiddhi 6/18/436/4 / - bhagavatI ArAdhanA sU. 8/41 / - cAritrapAhuDa / - cAritrapAhuDa / - mahApurANa 24 / 122 /

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jainadarzana kA trividha sAdhanAmArga aura samatvayoga 125 jisakA AcaraNa kiyA jAtA hai, vaha cAritra hai|"258 uttarAdhyayanasUtra meM bhI batAyA gayA hai ki "sAdhaka eka ora se virati kare aura eka ora se pravRtti arthAt vaha asaMyama se nivRtti aura saMyama meM pravRtti kre|"56 ratnakaraNDakazrAvakAcAra meM kahA gayA hai ki "hiMsA, asatya corI, maithuna sevana aura parigraha - ina pAMcoM pApa praNAliyoM se virata honA samyakcAritra hai|"260 samayasAra meM kahA hai ki "jo nitya pratyAkhyAna, pratikramaNa evaM AlocanA karatA hai, apane vrata niyama meM avasthita rahatA hai - vahI vAstava meM cAritra hai|"261 apane jJAna svabhAva meM nirantara vicaraNa karanA (nizcaya dRSTi se) cAritra hai|62 pravacanasAra meM batAyA hai ki sva-svarUpa meM ramaNa karanA arthAt sva-samaya meM pravRtti karanA cAritra hai| paMcAstikAya meM bhI yahI vivecana milatA hai| paramAtmaprakAza ke anusAra apanI AtmA ko jAnakara usake prati zraddhAna karanA hI cAritra hai| samayasAra tAtparyavRtti meM kahA gayA hai ki "Atma-dravya meM nizcala-nirvikAra anubhUti rUpa jo avasthAna hai, vahI nizcaya cAritra kA lakSaNa hai|" kArtikayAnuprekSA meM batAyA gayA hai ki "rAgAdi doSoM se rahita zubha dhyAna meM lIna Atma-svarUpa hI cAritra hai|" mokSapaMcAzikA meM kahA gayA hai ki "apane meM avasthita AtmA jisa nirAmUla sukha ko upalabdha karatI 256 258 'caryate sevyate sajjanairiti vA cAritraM, samAyikAdikam / carati yAti yena hitaprApti ahitanivAraNaM ceti caaritrm||' -bhagavatIArAdhanA vi.8/41/11 / 'egao viraI kujjA, egao ya pavattaNaM / asaMjame niyatti ca saMjame ya pavattaNaM / / ' -uttarAdhyayanasUtra 32/2 vyAkhyA (A. pra. sa.) pR. 553 / 'hiMsAnRtacauryebhyo maithunasevA - parigrahAbhyAM ca / pApa praNAlikAbhyo viratiH saMjJasya cAritram / / 46 / / -ratnakaraNDaka zrAvakAcAra / 'NiccaM paccakkhANaM kubvadi, NiccaM paDikkamadi jo ya / NiccaM Aloceyadi, so hu carittaM havadi cedA / / ' -samayasAra mU. 386 / 262 'svasminneva khalu jJAnasvabhAve nirantara-caraNAccaritraM bhavati |'-smysaar AtmakhyAti 386 /

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126 jaina darzana meM samatvayoga kI sAdhanA hai, vahI nizcayAtmaka cAritra hai|263 jainadarzana ke anusAra samyakcAritra AtmA meM samatva kA saMsthApana karatA hai| AcArya kundakunda kahate haiM ki cAritra hI vAstava meM dharma hai aura jo dharma hai, vaha samatva hai aura moha evaM kSobha se rahita AtmA kI zuddha dazA ko upalabdha karanA hI samatva hai|264 paMcAstikAya meM ise adhika spaSTa karate hue kahA gayA hai ki "samabhAva hI cAritra hai|"265 DaoN. sAgaramala jaina ke anusAra bhI citta athavA AtmA kI vAsanAjanya malinatA aura asthiratA ko samApta karanA hI samyakcAritra hai|66 / / jaina sAdhanA meM samyakcAritra kI sAdhanA ko vibhinna prakAra se vivecita kiyA gayA hai| isI krama se cAritra ke pAMca bhedoM kA ullekha kiyA gayA hai : (1) sAmAyika cAritra; (2) chedopasthApana cAritra; (3) parihAravizuddhi cAritra; (4) sUkSmasamparAya cAritra; aura 263 (ka) 'svarUpecaraNaM cAritraM, svasamaya-pravRttirityarthaH tadeva vastu-svabhAvatvAdhdamaH' -pravacanasAra ta. pra. 7 / (kha) 'jIva-svabhAva-niyata-cAritraM bhavati / tadapi kasmAt ? svarUpe caraNaM cAritramiti vacanAt / ' -paMcAstikAya tA. vR. 154/224 / 'jANAvi maNNavi appaparU jo parabhAu caehi / so jiya sudhdau bhAva'u NANihiM caraNu havei / / ' -paramAtmaprakAza mU. 2/30 / 'AtmAdhIna-jJAna-sUkha-svabhAve zudhdAtmadravye nizcala-nirvikArAnubhUtirUpamavasthAnaMtallakSaNa-nizcaya-cAritrAjjIvasya samutpadyate / / ' -samayasAra tA. vR. 38 ! 'svarUpAvicala-sthitirUpaM sahaja-nizcaya cAritram / / ' -niyamasAra tA. vR. 55 / (cha) 'appa-sarUvaM vatthu, cattaM rAyAdiehiM dosehiM / / sajjhANammi NilINaM taM jANasu uttama caraNaM / / ' -kArtikeyAnuprekSA 16 / (ja) 'nirAkulatvajaM saukhyaM svayamevAvatiSThataH / yadAtmanaiva saMvedhaM cAritraM nizcayAtmakam / / -mokSapaMcAzikA mU. 45 ! 264 pravacanasAra 1/7 / / 265 paMcAstikAyasAra 107 / 266 'jaina, bauddha aura gItA ke AcAra darzanoM kA tulanAtmaka adhyayana' bhAga 2 pR. 84 -DaoN. sAgaramala jaina /

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jainadarzana kA trividha sAdhanAmArga aura samatvayoga 127 (5) yathAkhyAta caaritr|267 ina pAMcoM cAritroM ke paripAlana kA mukhya lakSya to vyakti kA kaSAyoM se Upara uThanA hI hai| jaina paramparA meM kaSAe~ cAra mAnI gaI haiM : 1. krodha; 2. mAna; 3. mAyA; aura 4. lobha / yaha kahA gayA hai ki kaSAyoM se mukti hI vAstavika artha meM mukti hai| ataH uparokta pAMcoM cAritra kA sambandha mUla meM to kaSAyoM se mukti kA hI rahA huA hai| pAMcoM prakAra ke cAritra kaSAyoM ke vigalana kI taratamatA ko hI sUcita karate haiN| kaSAyoM kA mUlabhUta kAraNa rAga-dveSa hai| rAga-dveSa ke kAraNa hI kaSAyoM kA janma hotA hai| ataH rAga-dveSa se Upara uThane kI prakriyA ko hI sAmAyika cAritra kahate haiN| vastutaH sAmAyika cAritra kA paripAlana samatvayoga kI sAdhanA kA AdhAra hai; kyoMki sAdhanA kA mUlabhUta lakSya vItarAgatA kI upalabdhi hai aura vItarAgatA kI upalabdhi rAga-dveSa se Upara uThane se hI sambhava hai| ataH rAga-dveSa se Upara uThanA hI sAmAyika cAritra kI sAdhanA hai| samabhAva meM sthita rahane ke lie samasta azuddha pravRttiyoM kA tyAga hI sAmAyika cAritra hai|68 uttarAdhyayanasatra kI TIkAoM meM rAga-dveSa yA vikSobha se rahita hokara sabhI prakAra kI pApa pravRttiyoM se nivRtta honA hI sAmAyika cAritra hai|66 manovaijJAnika dRSTi se bhI yaha satya hai ki rAga-dveSa ke tatva hamArI cetanA ke samatva ko bhaMga karate haiM; kintu usameM bhI mUla tatva to rAga hI hai| rAga ke kAraNa hI dveSa kA janma hotA hai| jahA~ rAga hai vahA~ vyakta yA avyakta rUpa meM dveSa rahA huA hai| dveSa kA janma rAga se hI hotA hai aura phira ye rAga-dveSa ke tatva hI krodha, mAna, mAyA aura lobha rUpa kaSAyoM ko janma dete 267 'samAiyattha paDhamaM chedovaTThAvaNaM bhave bIyaM / parihAravisuddhIyaM suhumaM taha saMparAyaM ca / / 32 / / akasAyaM ahakkhAyaM chaumatthassa jiNassa vA / evaM cayarittakaraM cArittaM hoi AhiyaM / / 33 / / ' 268 tatvArthasUtra 1/18 / 266 uttarAdhyayana TIkA patra 2817 / -uttarAdhyayanasUtra adhyayana 28 /

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128 jaina darzana meM samatvayoga kI sAdhanA haiN| sAmAyika cAritra kA lakSya rAga-dveSa athavA krodha, mAna, mAyA aura lobha rUpa kaSAyoM kI pariNati ko alpa karanA hai| sAmAyika cAritra kA sAdhaka rAga-dveSa aura kaSAyoM para niyantraNa rakhane kA prayAsa karatA hai aura unheM vyakta hone se rokatA hai| yadyapi antara meM unakA pUrNataH abhAva nahIM hotA hai| sAmAyika cAritra do prakAra kA hai : (1) itvarakAlika - jo kucha samaya ke lie grahaNa kiyA jAtA hai; aura (2) yAvatkathita - jo sampUrNa jIvana ke lie grahaNa kiyA jAtA hai| mUlAcAra ke anusAra prathama aura antima tIrthaMkaroM ke samaya itvarika sAmAyika navadIkSita muni ko pradAna kI jAtI hai| bIca ke 22 tIrthaMkaroM ke samaya meM unako yAvatkathita sAmAyika cAritra hI dete the - chedopasthApanIya nhiiN| sAmAyika cAritra ke bAda dUsarA sthAna chedopasthApana cAritra kA hai| hamArI dRSTi meM kaSAyoM ke ina AvegoM ko unmUlita karane kA jo prayatna hai; vahI chedopasthAnapana cAritra hai| antara sthita kaSAyoM ko unmUlita kara AtmA ko samatva meM sthApita karanA, yahI chedosthAnapana cAritra kA mUla lakSya hai| sAmAyika cAritra se chedosthAnapana cAritra meM kaSAyoM ke unmUlana ke prayatna adhika tIvra hote haiN| sAmAyika cAritra meM jahA~ vyakti kaSAyoM kI bAhya abhivyakti ko rokatA hai; vahA~ chedopasthAnapana cAritra meM unake mUla ke ucchedana kA prayAsa karatA hai| yadyapi isa avasthA meM bhI antara meM nihita kaSAyoM kI sattA pUrNataH samApta nahIM hotI, kintu vaha kSINa avazya hotI hai| jisa cAritra ke AdhAra para zramaNa jIvana meM variSThatA aura kaniSThatA kA nirdhAraNa kiyA jAtA hai; vaha chedosthApanIya cAritra hai| isa cAritra meM pUrva paryAya ko cheda karake sAdhaka ko mahAvrata pradAna kiye jAte haiN| cAritra kA tIsarA prakAra parihAravizuddhi hai| samatvayoga kI sAdhanA kI dRSTi se hama use isa prakAra vyAkhyAyita kara sakate haiM : 'kaSAyoM ke parihAra ke dvArA Atmavizuddhi kA vizeSa prayatna krnaa|' parihAravizuddhi meM vyakti kaSAyoM ko jar3a se unmUlita karane kA prayatna karatA hai| viziSTa prakAra kI tapa sAdhanA Adi ke dvArA vaha apanI dehAsakti ko miTAne kA prayatna karatA hai; kyoMki

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jainadarzana kA trividha sAdhanAmArga aura samatvayoga 126 dehAsakti se rAga kA janma hotA hai aura rAga se dveSa kA janma hotA hai - rAga-dveSa se kaSAyoM kA janma hotA hai| parihAra kA artha hai - asaMyama se nivRtti| parihAra se jisa cAritra ko aMgIkAra karake karmakalaMka kI vizuddhi kI jAtI hai, vaha parihAravizuddhi cAritra hai| parihAra arthAt gaNa yA saMgha se alaga hokara muni eka viziSTa prakAra ke tapa pradhAna AcaraNa ko karate hue karmoM kA kSaya athavA AtmA kI vizeSa zuddhi ke lie jo sAdhanA karatA hai, vaha parihAravizuddhi cAritra hai|70 asaMyama ke parihAra se hone vAlI vizuddhi ko parihAravizuddhi kahate haiN| pAMca prakAra ke cAritra meM caturtha caraNa sUkSmasamparAyacAritra kA hai| samparAya arthAt kaSAyoM ke kAraNa jIva saMsAra bhramaNa karatA hai| isa avasthA meM kaSAyoM kA unmUlana to ho jAtA hai, kintu dehAsakti sUkSma rUpa se banI rahatI hai| isIlie ise sUkSmasamparAyacAritra nAma diyA gayA hai| isa cAritra kI sAdhanA meM vyakti kA jo mukhya lakSya hotA hai, vaha avyakta bIja rUpa meM rahI dehAsakti ko jar3a se samApta karanA hai| dehAsakti ke samApta hone para rAga-dveSa aura kaSAyoM ke punarjanma kI sambhAvanA bhI samApta ho jAtI hai tathA vyakti samatvayoga aura vItarAgatA kI sAdhanA kI dizA meM Age bar3ha jAtA hai| usameM yathAkhyAtacAritra kA prakaTana hotA hai| yathAkhyAtacAritra cAritra kI sAdhanA kA antima lakSya hai| vaha vItarAgatA kI upalabdhi hai - samatvayoga kI pUrNatA hai| isameM do zabda haiM - yathA + AkhyAta arthAt jinezvara paramAtmA ne jaisA AkhyAta/nirUpita kiyA hai, usake anusAra vizuddha cAritra kA pAlana jisameM ho, vaha yathAkhyAtacAritra hai| yathAkhyAtacAritra meM rAga-dveSa aura tadjanya krodhAdi kaSAya sampUrNataH samApta ho jAte haiM aura unake punaHudbhAvana kI sambhAvanA nahIM rhtii| jIva yathAkhyAtacAritra kA pAlana karate hue AtmA ko pUrNataH vizuddha banAkara vedanIya Adi cAroM aghAtI karmoM kA kSaya kara detA hai aura usake bAda siddha-buddha aura mukta ho jAtA hai| yaha pUrNa vItarAgatA 270 karma vijJAna bhAga 6 pR. 376 / 271 hindI cauthA karmagrantha pR. 56-61 /

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130 jaina darzana meM samatvayoga kI sAdhanA kI avasthA hai; jo samatvayoga kI sAdhanA kA mukhya lakSya hai| uttarAdhyayanasUtra meM isa cAritra kA phala mokSa kI prApti batAyA gayA hai| isa avasthA meM vyakti kA vyaktitva pUrNataH nirAkula aura udvegoM se rahita hotA hai| cetanA kA nirAkUla aura anudvigna rahanA samatvayoga kI pUrNatA hai| ___ isa prakAra jainadarzana meM cAritra sAdhanA ke uparokta jo pAMca bheda kahe gae haiM, unameM sAmAyika cAritra hI mukhya hai; kyoMki sAmAyika cAritra ke abhAva meM zeSa cAritra bhI cAritra nahIM rhte| chedopasthApana, parihAravizuddhi, sUkSmasamparAya aura yathAkhyAta cAritra sAmAyika cAritra ke hI agrima caraNa haiN| kyoMki sAmAyika cAritra mUlataH rAga-dveSa, icchA aura AkAMkSA se Upara uThane kI sAdhanA hI hai aura jaba taka vItarAgatA kI upalabdhi nahIM hotI, taba taka samabhAva yA sAmAyika kI sAdhanA Avazyaka banI rahatI hai| eka anya dRSTi se vicAra kareM, to sAmAyika kI sAdhanA samatvayoga kI sAdhanA hI hai; kyoMki sAmAyika meM sAvadha yoga kA tyAga hai| jaba taka jIvana meM rAga-dveSa aura kaSAyoM ke tatva upasthita haiM, taba taka kisI na kisI rUpa meM sAvadhayoga kI pravRtti banI rahatI hai| ataH sAmAyika kI sAdhanA meM vyakti mana, vacana aura kAyA kI rAga-dveSa se anuraMjita pravRttiyoM kA tyAga karatA hai| isa prakAra sAmAyika cAritra kI sAdhanA aura samatvayoga kI sAdhanA eka dUsare kI paryAyavAcI hI hai| sAmAyika jaina paramparA kA eka pAribhASika zabda hai; kintu isakA artha to samabhAva yA samatA kI sAdhanA hI hai| cAhe hama use sAmAyika kaheM yA samyakcAritra kI sAdhanA kaheM; vaha mUlataH to samatvayoga kI sAdhanA hI hai| pAMcoM prakAra ke cAritra samatvayoga kI sAdhanA ke hI vibhinna caraNa haiN| samyakcAritra usakA prathama caraNa hai aura yathAkhyAta cAritra usakI pUrNatA hai| agrima adhyAya meM hama samatvayoga kI sAdhanA kyA hai; isakA sAdhya, sAdhaka aura sAdhanA pakSa kyA hai - isakA vivecana kreNge| / / dvitIya adhyAya smaapt||

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adhyAya 3 samatvayoga : sAdhaka, sAdhya aura sAdhanA 3.1 samatvayoga meM sAdhya, sAdhaka aura sAdhanAmArga kA pArasparika sambandha / samatvayoga kI sAdhanA meM saba se mahattvapUrNa pakSa samatvayoga ke sAdhaka, sAdhya aura sAdhanAmArga ke pArasparika sambandha ko samajhanA hai| samatvayoga kI sAdhanA kA sAdhya to samatva kI upalabdhi hI hai| hamAre AdhyAtmika aura vyavahArika jIvana kA lakSya asantulana, kusaMyojana aura avyavasthA ko samApta karake eka susantulita, susaMyojita, suvyavasthita aura samatvapUrNa avasthA ko prApta karanA hai| samatvayoga kI sAdhanA kA samagra prayatna sAmAjika evaM vaiyaktika jIvana meM upasthita saMgharSoM ko samApta karanA hai| yaha vaiyaktika aura sAmAjika stara para samatva kI sthApanA kA prayatna hai| isa prakAra samatvayoga kA sAdhya vaiyaktika aura sAmAjika jIvana meM rahe hue asantulana ko samApta karake jIvana meM samatva kI upalabdhi hI hai| __ vartamAna meM manuSya kA jIvana tanAvoM evaM saMgharSoM se paripUrNa hai| vyakti eka ora icchA aura AkA~kSAjanya Antarika saMgharSoM se apane caitasika santulana ko bhaMga karatA hai, to dUsarI ora sAmAjika saMgharSoM ko janma detA hai| isake pariNAmasvarUpa vaiyaktika aura sAmAjika jIvana kI zAnti bhaMga ho jAtI hai; kintu jIvana kA sAdhya to santulana yA samatva ko banAye rakhanA hai| jaba bhI Antarika aura bAhya nimittoM se yaha santulana TUTatA hai, taba use punaH sthApita karane kA prayatna kiyA jAtA hai| santulana ko punaH sthApita karane kA yaha prayatna hI sAdhanAmArga hai| isa prakAra sAdhya aura sAdhanA eka dUsare se pUrNataH bhinna nahIM haiN| jIvana kA sAdhya hI ho sakatA hai, jo svayaM usake svabhAva meM

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132 jainadarzana meM samatvayoga kI sAdhanA nihita hai| jIvana ke sAdhya ko hameM svayaM jIvana meM khojanA hogaa| santulana yA samatva banAe rakhane kI pravRtti, jo jIvana kA eka Adarza hai; vaha hamArI jIvanazailI meM hI antarnihita hai| DaoN. sAgaramala jaina likhate haiM ki "jIvana kA Adarza (sAdhya) jIvana ke andara hI nihita hai| use bAhara khojanA pravaMcanA hai| jIva vijJAna evaM manovijJAna yaha batAte haiM ki jIvana meM svayaM santulana yA samatva banAne kI pravRtti pAI jAtI hai| yadi jIvana kA sAdhya santulana yA samatva hai, to phira jIvana meM isa samatva yA santulana ko banAye rakhane kI pravRtti ko bhI svIkAra karanA hogaa| jo svayaM jIvana meM nahIM hai, vaha sAdhanA ke dvArA bhI prApya nahIM hai| saMgharSa nahIM, samatva hI mAnava jIvana kA Adarza ho sakatA hai; kyoMki yahI hamArA svabhAva hai| jo svabhAva ho vahI Adarza (sAdhya) hai| svabhAva se bhinna sAdhya kI kalpanA ayathArtha hai|" isa prakAra hama dekhate haiM ki samatvayoga kI sAdhanA kA sAdhya samatva hI hai| yahA~ isa prazna para vicAra karanA Avazyaka hai ki jIvana kA lakSya saMgharSa hai yA saMgharSa kA niraakrnn| pAzcAtya jagata meM spensara, DArvina evaM mArksa Adi vicArakoM ne saMgharSa ko hI jIvana kA lakSya mAnA hai| kintu yaha eka mithyA avadhAraNA hai| jIvana kA lakSya saMgharSa nahIM samatva kI sAdhanA hai| isa sambandha meM DaoN. sAgaramala jaina likhate haiM ki "yadi dvandvAtmaka bhautikavAda ke anusAra manuSya kA svabhAva saMgharSa hai aura mAnavIya itihAsa varga-saMgharSa kI kahAnI hai aura saMgharSa hI jIvana kA niyama hai, to phira dvandvAtmaka bhautikavAda saMgharSa kA nirAkaraNa kyoM karanA cAhatA hai? saMgharSa miTAne ke liye hotA hai| jo miTAne kI, nirAkaraNa karane kI vastu hai, use svabhAva kaise kahA jA sakatA hai? saMgharSa yadi mAnava-itihAsa kA eka tathya hai, to vaha usake doSoM kA - usake vibhAva kA itihAsa hai, usake svabhAva kA itihAsa nhiiN| mAnava-svabhAva saMgharSa nahIM, saMgharSa kA nirAkaraNa yA samatva kI avasthA hai| kyoMki yugoM se mAnavIya prayAsa usI ke liye hote Aye haiN| saccA mAnava itihAsa saMgharSa kI kahAnI nahIM, saMgharSoM ke ' 'jaina bauddha aura gItA ke AcAra darzanoM kA tulanAtmaka adhyayana' bhAga 1 pR. 408 / -DaoN. sAgaramala jaina /

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samatvayoga : sAdhaka, sAdhya aura sAdhanA 133 nirAkaraNa kI kahAnI hai|" isa prakAra hama dekhate haiM ki caitasika, daihika aura sAmAjika stara para samatva kI sthApanA karanA hI samatvayoga kA sAdhya hai| jahA~ taka samatvayoga kI sAdhanA kA prazna hai, samatvayoga kI sAdhaka AtmA hai aura AtmA samatvarUpa hI hai| bhagavatIsUtra meM gautama ne yaha prazna upasthita kiyA ki AtmA kyA hai aura AtmA kA sAdhya kyA hai? isakA uttara dete hue bhagavAna mahAvIra ne kahA ki AtmA samatva rUpa hai aura samatva ko prApta karanA hI AtmA kA sAdhya hai| isa prakAra jaina paramparA meM sAdhya aura sAdhaka donoM meM eka apekSA se abheda mAnA gayA hai| jisa prakAra daihika stara para svasthatA sAdhya bhI hai aura sAdhaka kA svabhAva lakSaNa bhI hai; usI prakAra AdhyAtmika stara para samatva AtmA kA sAdhya bhI hai aura vahI samatva AtmA kA svabhAva bhI hai| svAsthya koI bAhya vastu nhiiN| vastutaH vaha bImArI yA vikRti kA abhAva hai| usI prakAra samatva bhI AtmA se bAhya koI upalabdhi nahIM hai| vaha to icchA aura vAsanAjanya vikAroM ke samApta jhene para prApta hotA hai| jisa prakAra svasthatA zarIra kI prakRti hai aura bImArI vikRti hai, usI prakAra samatva yA samabhAva cetanA kI prakati hai aura viSamatA yA vibhAva usakI vikRti hai| vikRtiyoM yA vibhAva ke jAne para hI svabhAva kI upalabdhi hotI hai| ataH samatvayoga kI sAdhanA kA mUla lakSya AtmA kI vaibhAvika avasthA ko samApta karanA hai| svabhAva pAyA nahIM jAtA hai| vaha vibhAva ke haTane para svataH prakaTa hotA hai| samatvarUpI sAdhya koI aisI vastu nahIM hai ki use bAhara se prApta kiyA jaaye| vaha to hamAre svabhAva kA hI aMga hai| isa prakAra samatvayoga meM sAdhya aura sAdhaka kA nizcayadRSTi se abheda hai| kintu sAdhya aura sAdhaka ke isa abheda kA yaha artha nahIM hai ki vyavahAra ke stara para hI unameM abheda mAnA jAve; kyoMki sAdhya aura sAdhaka ke vyavahAra ke stara para bhI abheda mAneMge, to sAdhanA 'jaina bauddha aura gItA ke AcAra darzanoM kA tulanAtmaka adhyayana' bhA. 1 pR. 408 / __ bhagavatIsUtra 1/6 / -DaoN. sAgaramala jaina /

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134 jainadarzana meM samatvayoga kI sAdhanA 14 kI nirarthakatA siddha hogii| svAsthya hamArA svabhAva hai; lekina hamameM bImArI yA vikRti kI sambhAvanA hI nahIM hotI, aisA nahIM kahA jA sktaa| sAdhanA kA lakSya vastutaH svabhAva meM AI huI vikRtiyoM ko samApta karanA hai| isaliye vyavahAra ke stara para samatvayoga sAdhaka vaha vyakti hai, jisameM vikAra rahe hue haiN| vastutaH vibhAva dazA meM rahI huI AtmA hI sAdhaka hai; kyoMki sAdhanA kA lakSya vibhAva se svabhAva kI ora jAnA hai| ataH vyavahAra ke stara para hama yaha kaha sakate haiM ki jo AtmA vibhAva dazA meM rahI huI hai tathA icchAoM aura AkA~kSAoM kI tanAvapUrNa sthiti meM hai; vahI sAdhaka hai aura use hI apanI sAdhanA ke dvArA usa samatvarUpI sAdhya ko upalabdha karanA hai| isa prakAra nizcayadRSTi se samatvayoga ke sAdhya aura sAdhaka meM abheda hai| kintu vyavahAra ke stara para una donoM meM bheda hai; kyoMki yadi donoM meM bheda svIkAra nahIM kareMge, to sAdhanAmArga kI koI apekSA hI na raha jaayegii| jahA~ taka samatva ke sAdhanAmArga kA prazna hai, jainadarzana meM use samyagdarzana, samyagjJAna aura samyakacAritra ke rUpa meM svIkAra kiyA gayA hai| samatva kI prApti ke liye sarvaprathama hameM apane dRSTikoNa ko zuddha karanA hotA hai| bhautikavAdI jIvanadRSTi athavA padArthoM meM Asakti jaba taka rahegI, taba taka samatva kI upalabdhi sambhava nahIM hai| samatva kI upalabdhi ke liye nizcaya se yaha jAnanA Avazyaka hai ki bAhya padArtha na mere haiM, na maiM unakA huuN| ataH bAhya padArthoM ke prati mamatva buddhi rakhanA aura unakI AkAMkSA rakhanA samyaka jIvanadRSTi nahIM hai| samyak jIvanadRSTi kA vikAsa nirAkAMkSA aura nirmamatva kI sthiti meM hI sambhava hai - yahI samyagdRSTi hai| samatva kI upalabdhi ke liye samyagdRSTi kA vikAsa Avazyaka hai| samyagdRSTi samatva kI sAdhanA kA prathama caraNa hai| samatva kI sAdhanA kA dUsarA caraNa samyagjJAna hai| icchAoM aura AkAMkSAoM kA vikAsa Atma-anAtma ke samyak viveka ke abhAva meM hI hotA hai| icchAoM kA janma 'para' meM Atmabuddhi yA rAga bhAvanA ke kAraNa hotA hai| ataH sAdhanA ke dUsare caraNa meM yaha jAnanA Avazyaka hai ki 'sva' aura 'para' kyA hai? 'sva' aura 'para' ke bheda-vijJAna ke binA samatva meM avasthiti sambhava nahIM hai| 'sva' aura 'para' ke

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samatvayoga : sAdhaka, sAdhya aura sAdhanA 135 sambandha meM samyak samajha utpanna hone para hI hama 'para' se vimakha hokara 'sva' meM avasthita ho sakate haiM aura tabhI hamArI cetanA tanAva se mukta raha sakatI hai| isa prakAra samatvayoga kI sAdhanA kA dUsarA caraNa 'sva' aura 'para' kI samyak samajha hai; jise samyagjJAna bhI kahA jAtA hai| samyagdRSTi aura samayagjJAna hone para bhI jaba taka vyakti kA jIvana vyavahAra parizuddha nahIM hotA hai, taba taka jIvana meM samabhAva kI upalabdhi sambhava nahIM hotii| samabhAva kI upalabdhi ke liye icchAoM aura AkAMkSAoM ke ghere ko tor3anA Avazyaka hai| 'para' ko para samajha lenA yaha samyagjJAna hai| lekina 'para' meM rahI huI Asakti ko samApta kara denA yaha samyakcAritra hai| sAdhanA kI pUrNatA samyakcAritra meM hI hai| samyakucAritra, samyagdaSTi aura samyagjJAna ke AdhAra para jIvana vyavahAra ke parimArjana kA prayatna hai| samyagjJAna samatva ko jAnanA hai aura samyakucAritra samatva ko jInA hai| samatva kevala jAnane kI vastu nahIM, vaha jIne kI vastu hai| kintu jAnanA aura jInA, yaha sAdhaka AtmA se bhinna hokara apanA astittva nahIM rkhte| isaliye jAnanA aura jInA yaha donoM AtmA kI avasthAe~ haiN| jainAcAryoM ne yaha mAnA hai ki samyagdarzana, samyagjJAna aura samyakcAritra kA AtmA se tAdAtmya hai, kyoMki ye tInoM hI AtmA kI hI paryAyAvasthA kI sUcaka haiN| AtmA se pRthaka na to jJAna kA astitva hai; na zraddhA kI sattA hai aura na cAritra kI sambhAvanA hai| jaina dharma meM sAdhya (mokSa) aura sAdhaka meM abheda hI mAnA gayA hai| samayasAraTIkA meM AcArya amRtacandrasUri likhate haiM ki paradravya kA parihAra aura zuddha Atmatattva kI upalabdhi hI siddhi hai| AcArya hemacandra sAdhya aura sAdhaka meM abheda batAte hue kahate haiM ki kaSAyoM aura indriyoM se parAjita AtmA hI saMsAra hai aura ina para vijaya pAnA hI mokSa hai| muni nyAyavijaya bhI likhate haiM ki AtmA hI saMsAra hai aura AtmA hI mokSa hai| jahA~ taka AtmA samayasAra TIkA 305 / 5 yogasUtra 1-3 /

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136 jainadarzana meM samatvayoga kI sAdhanA kaSAya aura indriyoM ke vazIbhUta hai, vaha saMsAra hai| unako hI jaba vaha apane vazIbhUta kara letI hai, taba use mokSa kahA jAtA hai| isa prakAra sAdhaka aura sAdhya donoM hI AtmA haiN| donoM meM maulika antara yahI hai ki AtmA jaba taka viSayoM aura kaSAyoM ke vazIbhata rahatI hai, taba taka vaha sAdhaka hai aura jaba una para vijaya pA letI hai, taba vahI sAdhya bana jAtI hai| jaina dharma meM sAdhya aura sAdhaka donoM meM antara isa bAta ko lekara hai ki AtmA kI apUrNatA kI avasthA hI sAdhaka avasthA hai aura AtmA kI pUrNatA kI avasthA hI sAdhya hai| sAdhaka use bAhya rUpa se prApta nahIM kara sakatA; usake bhItara meM hI navanIta rahA huA hai aura usako kSamatA yA samatva se prApta karane kI AvazyakatA hai| jaise bIja vRkSa ke rUpa meM prakaTa hotA hai, vaise hI AtmA ke nija guNa pUrNa rUpa meM prakaTa ho jAte haiN| upAdhyAya amaramuni kahate haiM ki jaina sAdhanA 'sva' meM sva ko upalabdha karanA, nija meM jinatva kI zodha karanA aura AtmA meM pUrNa rUpa se ramaNa karanA hai| dravyArthikadRSTi se sAdhya aura sAdhaka donoM eka hI haiM; yadyapi paryAyArthikadRSTi yA vyavahAranaya se unameM bheda hai| AtmA kI svabhAva dazA sAdhya hai aura usakI vibhAva paryAya hI sAdhaka hai| vibhAva se svabhAva kI ora gati hI sAdhanA hai| samyagjJAna, samyagdarzana, samyakcAritra aura samyaktapa yaha sAdhanA patha hai aura jaba ye samyakcatuSTaya anantajJAna, anantadarzana, anantasaukhya aura anantazakti ko upalabdha kara lete haiM, taba vahI avasthA sAdhya bana jAtI hai| isa prakAra jo sAdhaka cetanA kA svarUpa hai, vahI samyak banakara sAdhanA patha bana jAtA hai aura usI kA pUrNa rUpa sAdhya hotA hai| sAdhanA patha aura sAdhya donoM hI AtmA kI avasthAe~ haiN| AtmA kI samyak avasthA sAdhanA patha hai aura pUrNa avasthA sAdhya hai| isa prakAra jJAna, darzana aura cAritrarUpI sAdhanAmArga bhI AtmA adhyAtmatattvAloka 4, 6 / sAmAyikasUtra ('jaina, bauddha aura gItA ke AcAra darzanoM kA tulanAtmaka adhyayana' bhAga 1 pR. 432 -DaoN. sAgaramala jaina se uddhRta) /

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samatvayoga : sAdhaka, sAdhya aura sAdhanA 137 se bhinna nahIM hai| isa AdhAra para hama kaha sakate haiM ki sAdhya, sAdhaka aura sAdhanAmArga meM abheda hai| kintu isa abheda kA tAtparya itanA hI hai ki astittva kI dRSTi se sAdhya, sAdhaka aura sAdhanAmArga eka dUsare se pRthak nahIM haiN| AtmA kA samatvarUpa svabhAva hI sAdhya hai aura usa samatva ko pUrNa rUpa se upalabdha karane kA prayatna karanevAlI AtmA hI sAdhana hai| usa samatva kI upalabdhi ke sambandha meM jo prayatna aura puruSArtha kiyA jAtA hai, vaha sAdhanAmArga hai| isa prakAra sAdhya, sAdhaka aura sAdhanAmArga meM eka abheda hai, kintu vyavahAra ke stara para ina tInoM meM bheda bhI hai| samatvarUpI svabhAva meM avasthiti sAdhya hai; vibhAva se svabhAva kI ora prayatnazIla AtmA sAdhaka hai aura vibhAva ko samApta kara svabhAva ko punaH upalabdha kara lenA sAdhanA hai| vibhAva va svabhAva donoM hI AtmA kI paryAyeM haiN| vibhAva paryAya meM rahane vAlI AtmA ko taba taka sAdhaka kahA jAtA hai jaba taka vaha vibhAva se svabhAva meM jAne kA prayatna karatI hai| yadi usameM isa prayatna kA abhAva ho jAye, to vaha sAdhaka kI koTi meM nahIM aatii| yaha do sthitiyoM meM hotA hai| isa hetu prayatna prArambha na karane para yA samatva kI upalabdha kara lene pr| isaliye sAdhya aura sAdhaka meM bheda bhI hai| punaH vibhAva se svabhAva meM Ane yA tanAvoM ko samApta kara samatva kI upalabdhi ke liye jo prayatna kiyA jAtA hai, vaha sAdhanAmArga hai| yadi vibhAva se svabhAva meM jAne ke liye koI prayatna yA puruSArtha na ho, to sAdhanAmArga kA koI artha hI nahIM raha jAtA hai| sAdhaka jisa para calakara sAdhya ko upalabdha karatA hai, vahI sAdhanAmArga hai| isa prakAra sAdhya, sAdhaka aura sAdhanAmArga meM nizcayanaya kI apekSA se abheda hai, kintu vyavahAra kI apekSA se inameM bheda bhI hai| aba hama jainadarzana kI dRSTi se sAdhya, sAdhaka aura sAdhanAmArga ke svarUpa para kiMcit vistAra se vicAra kreNge| 3.2 samatvayoga kA sAdhya samabhAva kI upalabdhi : ____ bhAratIya darzanoM evaM dharmoM meM sAdhanA kA lakSya mokSa yA nirvANa kI prApti mAnA gayA hai| yadyapi sabhI bhAratIya dArzanika kisI na kisI rUpa meM mokSa, mukti yA nirvANa kI avadhAraNA kI carcA karate

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138 jainadarzana meM samatvayoga kI sAdhanA haiM, kintu usake svarUpa ko lekara unameM matabheda pAye jAte haiN| kintu ye matabheda mukhyataH dArzanika yA tattva-mImAMsIya matabhedoM ke AdhAra para rahe hue haiN| AdhyAtmika dRSTi se to sabhI bhAratIya dArzanikoM ne mokSa ko eka prazAnta avasthA mAnA hai| mokSa yA nirvANa kI sthiti ko spaSTa karate hue kucha kahate haiM ki vAsanAoM evaM vitarkoM ke prahANa se prazAnta manodazA yA cittasamAdhi hI nirvANa hai| nirvANa kA artha hai, citta kA rAga-dveSa ke mala se rahita niSpApa evaM nizchala honaa| itivRttaka meM buddha kahate haiM ki vaha (nirvANa) dhruva hai, na utpanna hone vAlA hai; zoka aura rAga rahita hai| vahA~ sabhI duHkhoM kA nirodha ho jAtA hai| udAna meM buddha kahate haiM ki garma lohe para ghana kI coTa par3ane para jo cinagAriyA~ uThatI haiM, ve bujha jAtI haiM; ve kahA~ gaI, isakA koI patA nahIM cltaa| isI prakAra kAmanAoM ke bandhana se mukta nirvANa prApta puruSa kI gati kA koI patA nahIM lagA sktaa| Age ve kahate haiM ki "bhikSuoM ! na to maiM use agati kahatA hU~, na gati kahatA hU~, na sthiti kahatA hU~ aura na cyuti kahatA huuN|" nirvANa kA samajhanA AsAna nahIM hai| yahA~ mAtra yaha samajhanA paryApta hai ki jaba jJAnI kI tRSNA naSTa ho jAtI hai, taba use rAgAdi kleza nahIM rahate haiM aura taba hI nirvANa kI upalabdhi hotI hai| vastutaH nirvANa eka aisI sthiti hai, jahA~ saMjJA (icchAe~ aura AkAMkSAeM) nirUddha ho jAtI haiM, saMskAra zAnta ho jAte haiM aura vedanA samApta ho jAtI hai| laMkAvatArasUtra ke anusAra nirvANa sapta pravRtti vijJAnoM kI apramatta avasthA hai| vaha cittapravRttiyoM kA nirodha hai|0 sthiramati ke anusAra klezAvaraNa aura jJeyAvaraNa kA kSaya ho jAnA hI nirvANa hai| asaMga ke anusAra nivRtta citta acitta hotA hai; kyoMki vaha na to viSayoM kA grAhaka hotA hai aura na usameM vikalpa yA vitarka rahate haiN| lekina aciMtya hote hue bhI vaha kuzala hai; zAzvat hai; sukharUpa hai; vimuktakAya hai aura dharmAkhya hai|" isa prakAra hama itivuttaka 2/2/6 / 8 udAna 8/10 / 10 laMkAvatArasUtra 2/62 / " triMzikA-vijJapti bhASya (uddhRt 'bauddha dharma mImAMsA' pR. 150) /

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samatvayoga : sAdhaka, sAdhya aura sAdhanA 136 dekhate haiM ki tanAvoM ko utpanna karane vAlI azAnta cittavRtti kA nirodha ho jAnA hI nirvANa hai| vaha sva-saMkalpoM, icchAoM aura AkAMkSAoM kA abhAva hai| manovaijJAnika dRSTi se kaheM to nirvANa icchAoM aura AkAMkSAoM kA samApta ho jAnA hI hai| inake samApta hone se citta nirvikalpa ho jAtA hai| jaba taka jIvana meM icchAe~ aura AkAMkSAe~ rahatI haiM, taba taka vyakti kI cetanA tanAvagrasta aura azAnta rahatI hai| ataH samasta sAdhanA paddhatiyoM kA lakSya mana yA citta kI isa azAnta aura tanAvagrasta avasthA ko samApta karane kA hai| ise hI nirvANa yA mokSa kahA jAtA hai| mokSa yA nirvANa vastutaH isI jIvana meM upalabdha kiyA jAtA hai| ___DaoN. prItama siMghavI apane 'samatvayoga : eka samanvaya dRSTi' meM likhatI haiM ki jIvana cetanatattva kI santulana zakti hai| cetanA jIvana hai aura jIvana kA kArya hai, samatva kA saMsthApana / naitika jIvana kA uddezya eka aise samatva kI sthApanA karanA hai, jisase Antarika manovRttiyoM kA saMgharSa aura Antarika icchAoM aura unakI pUrti ke bAhya prayAsoM kA saMgharSa samApta ho jaaye| samatva jIvana kA sAdhya hai - vahI naitika zubha hai| kAmanA, Asakti, rAga-dveSa Adi sabhI jIvana kI viSamatA, asantulana yA tanAva kI avasthA ko abhivyakta karate haiN| isake viparIta vAsanAzUnya, niSkAma, anAsakta evaM vItarAgadazA hI naitika dRSTi se zubha mAnI jA sakatI hai; kyoMki yaha samatva kA sajana karatI hai| samatvapUrNa jIvana hI Adarza jIvana hai| pUrNa samatva kI yaha avasthA jaina dharma meM vItarAgadazA, gItA meM sthitiprajJatA tathA bauddhadarzana meM ArhatAvasthA ke nAma se jAnI jAtI hai| vyakti kA citta jaba rAga-dveSa aura moha se rahita ho jAtA hai; tRSNAe~ aura AkAMkSAe~ samApta ho jAtI haiM; tabhI mukti yA nirvANa kA prakaTIkaraNa hotA hai| DaoN. sAgaramala jaina ke anusAra nirvANa kisI anupalabdha vastu kI upalabdhi nahIM hai| vaha to Atmopalabdhi hai| vaha eka aisI upalabdhi hai, jisameM pAnA kucha bhI nahIM hai, varan saba kucha kho denA hai| vaha pUrNa riktatA aura zUnyatA hai| kintu saba kucha kho dene para 12 samatvayoga : eka samanvaya dRSTi pR. 30 / -DaoN. prItama siNghvii|

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140 jainadarzana meM samatvayoga kI sAdhanA bhI isa avasthA meM saba kucha pA liyA jAtA hai| pUrNa riktatA pUrNatA banakara prakaTa hotI hai| jitanI mAtrA meM vAsanAe~, ahaMkAra aura citta ke vikalpa kSINa hote haiM, utanI hI mAtrA meM Atmopalabdhi yA Atma sAkSAtkAra hotA hai| jaba cetanA meM inakA pUrNa abhAva hotA hai, tabhI mokSa yA AtmapUrNatA kI upalabdhi hotI hai| vaha citta kI vimukti hai aura svatantratA hai| ___isa prakAra mokSa yA nirvANa vaha avasthA hai, jahA~ rAga-dveSa, bhaya, icchA, AkAMkSA sabhI samApta ho jAte haiM aura vyakti eka prazAnta avasthA ko prApta karatA hai| isa AdhAra para yadi vicAra kareM, to mokSa yA nirvANa, jise bhAratIya cintana ne jIvana kA lakSya nirUpita kiyA hai; vaha anya kucha nahIM - kevala cetanA ke samatva kI sthiti hai| isa prakAra samatva hI hamAre jIvana kA lakSya hai| pUrNa samatva kI avasthA aura nirvANa yA mokSa kI avasthA eka dUsare kI paryAyavAcI hI haiN| bhagavatIsUtra meM bhagavAna mahAvIra ne kahA hai ki "samatva ko prApta kara lenA hI AtmA kA sAdhya hai|" AcArya kandakunda bhI likhate haiM ki moha aura kSobha se rahita AtmA ke jo pariNAma haiM, vahI samatva hai aura vahI jIvana kA sAdhya hai| ise hI mokSa kahA jAtA hai| isa prakAra samatvayoga kI sAdhanA kA sAdhya vastutaH cittasamAdhi yA citta kI nirvikalpa dazA kI prApti hI hai| isa nirvikalpa citta ko hI jainadarzana meM vItarAga avasthA kahA gayA hai| bauddhadarzana ise arhatAvasthA aura gItA ise sthitaprajJa dazA kahatA hai| isa vItarAga, vItattRSNa yA anAsakta dazA kI prApti hI hamAre jIvana kA sAdhya hai; kyoMki isa avasthA meM hI citta pUrNataH nirvikalpa evaM samAdhi kI sthiti meM hotA hai| aise vItarAga yA vItatRSNa vyaktitva kA citraNa hameM sabhI bhAratIya darzanoM meM milatA hai| isa sambandha meM vistRta carcA isa zodha prabandha ke pAMcave adhyAya meM kI gaI hai| -DaoN. sAgaramala jaina / 13 'jaina, bauddha aura gItA ke AcAra darzanoM kA tulanAtmaka adhyayana' bhAga 1 pR. 414 / 14 bhagavatIsUtra 1/6 / "tesiM visuddhadasaNaNANahANAsamaM samAsejja / uvasaMpayAmi sammaM jatto NivvANasaMpattI / / 5 / / ' -pravacanasAra 1 /

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samatvayoga : sAdhaka, sAdhya aura sAdhanA 141 3.3 samatvayoga ke sAdhaka kA svarUpa : samatvayoga kA sAdhaka jIva yA AtmA ko mAnA gayA hai| jIva yA AtmA ke svarUpa kA nirvacana do rUpoM meM pAyA jAtA hai - eka vyavahArika stara aura dUsarA AdhyAtmika stara pr| vyavahArika stara para zarIradhArI aura vibhAvadazA meM jInevAlA vyakti hI samatvayoga kA sAdhaka mAnA jA sakatA hai; kyoMki jisane samatva ko pUrNataH upalabdha kara liyA hai usake liye sAdhanA kI koI apekSA nahIM hai| samatvayoga kI sAdhanA to usI vyakti ko karanA hai, jo vartamAna meM viSaya vAsanAoM tathA icchAoM va AkAMkSAoM se grasta hai| jaina dharma meM AtmA kI do avasthAe~ mAnI gaI haiM - eka svabhAva avasthA aura dUsarI vibhAva avsthaa| svabhAva avasthA kI apekSA se to AtmA ko samatvarUpa hI mAnA gayA hai| bhagavatIsUtra meM bhagavAna mahAvIra ne AtmA ko samatvarUpa kahA hai| samatva yaha AtmA kA svalakSaNa yA svabhAva hai| AtmA ke liye jainadarzana meM AcArya kundakunda ne 'samaya' zabda kA bhI prayoga kiyA hai| vastutaH jo samatva se yukta hai, vahI samaya arthAt AtmA hai| samaya kA artha hotA hai - jo acchI taraha calatA rahe, zAzvata rhe| kAla kabhI rUkatA nahIM hai, isalie samaya kahalAtA hai| AtmA bhI zAzvata hotI hai, isalie samaya kahalAtI hai| 'samyak eti iti samayaH samaiyam sam e a|' sam+ay+a = smy| samatva se samaya kA koI tAlamela nahIM hai| AtmA ke isa samatvasvarUpa kI puSTi DaoN. sAgaramala jaina ne apane grantha 'jaina, bauddha aura gItA ke AcAradarzanoM kA tulanAtmaka' adhyayana ke dvitIya bhAga meM kI hai| ve likhate haiM ki "jahA~ jIvana hai, cetanA hai; vahA~ samatva rakhane ke prayAsa dRSTigocara hote haiN| caitasika jIvana kA mUla svabhAva yaha hai ki vaha bAhya evaM Antarika uttejanAoM evaM saMvedanAoM se utpanna vikSobhoM ko samApta kara sAmyAvasthA banAye rakhane kI koziza karatA hai|"16 isakI puSTi meM ve phrAyaDa kA eka uddharaNa bhI prastuta karate haiN| phrAyaDa likhate haiM ki "caitasika jIvana aura 16 'jaina, bauddha aura gItA ke AcAra darzanoM kA tulanAtmaka adhyayana' bhAga 2 pR. 1 / -DaoN. sAgaramala jaina /

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jainadarzana meM samatvayoga kI sAdhanA sambhavataH snAyavika jIvana kI pramukha pravRtti yahI hai ki vaha Antarika uddIpakoM ke tanAva ko samApta karane aura sAmyAvasthA ko banAye rakhane ke liye sadaiva prayatnazIla rahatA hai / "" eka laghu kITa bhI apane ko vAtAvaraNa se samAyojita karane kA prayAsa karatA hai | cetana kI yaha svAbhAvika pravRtti hai ki vaha sadaiva samatvakendra kI ora bar3hanA cAhatA hai / samatva ke hetu prayAsa karanA jIvana kA sAra tattva hai / na kevala AdhyAtmika, apitu manovaijJAnika evaM jaivika stara para bhI samatva jIvana kA lakSaNa siddha hotA hai / 142 samatva jIvana kA yA AtmA kA svabhAva yA svalakSaNa hai, kintu isakA artha yaha nahIM hai ki AtmA meM vibhAva yA vicalana kI sthiti nahIM hai / saMsAra ke prANiyoM meM samatva se vicalana pAyA jAtA hai / samatva se vicalana AtmA kI vibhAvadazA yA vaibhAvika avasthA hai| saMsArI AtmA isase grasita rahatI hai / vibhAva dazA meM sthita sAMsArika AtmA ko hI sAdhaka kahA gayA hai / jainadarzana meM mukti ko anantajJAna, anantadarzana, anantasukha aura anantavIrya se yukta batAyA gayA hai / muktAvasthA meM AtmA/vyakti ina cAroM se yukta rahate haiM / kintu isakA artha yaha bhI nahIM ki saMsAradazA meM AtmA meM inakA abhAva hotA hai / saMsAradazA meM ye AtmA kI zaktiyA~ avyakta hotI haiM aura muktAvasthA meM vyakta hotI haiM / mukti kA artha cetanA para Aye hue karmoM ke AvaraNa ko samApta karanA hI hai; tAki AtmA meM rahe hue anantacatuSTaya abhivyakta ho skeN| isa prakAra hama dekhate haiM ki jainadarzana meM sAdhaka aura sAdhya meM tAttvika dRSTi se koI antara nahIM hai| jinameM anantajJAna, anantadarzana, anantasukha aura anantavIrya anabhivyakta avasthA meM hai, kintu jo inheM prakaTa karane ke liye prayatnazIla haiM, ve sAdhaka haiM aura jinameM ye guNa prakaTa ho cuke haiM, ve siddha haiM / isI prakAra jainadarzana meM usI AtmA ko sAdhaka kahA jAtA hai, jisameM abhI vItarAgatA yA sarvajJatA ke 17 'Beyond the pleasure principle-5' - Freud. - uddhRta adhyAtmayoga aura citta vikalana pR: 246 /

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samatvayoga : sAdhaka, sAdhya aura sAdhanA 143 lakSaNa abhivyakta nahIM hue; yadyapi ye guNa bhI usakI sattA meM nihita haiN| isaliye sAdhaka AtmA vahI hai, jo apanI Atmika zaktiyoM aura apane samatvaguNa se paricita to hai, kintu abhI una zaktiyoM ko prakaTa nahIM kara pAI hai| jo apanI ina Atmika zaktiyoM yA guNoM ko prakaTa karanA cAhatA hai, use sAdhaka kahA jAtA hai| eka anyApekSA se jainadarzana meM AtmA ko rAga-dveSa Adi se rahita mAnA gayA hai; kyoMki ye usake svAbhAvika guNa nahIM haiM, apitu vibhAvadazA ke sUcaka haiN| kintu saMsAra avasthA meM AtmA rAga-dveSa, viSaya-kaSAya evaM icchA-AkAMkSA se yukta hotI hai| yaha usake vicalana kI avasthA haiN| jo AtmA rAga-dveSa evaM viSaya-kaSAya janya tanAvoM ko samApta karake apane ko samabhAva yA samatva meM sthira karanA cAhatI hai; use hI sAdhaka AtmA kahA jAtA hai| saMkSepa meM kaheM to jo vyakti apane meM nihita anantajJAna, anantadarzana, anantasukha aura anantavIrya prakaTa karanA cAhatA hai; rAga-dveSa, viSayoM aura kaSAyoM se Upara uThakara vItarAgadazA ko prApta karanA cAhatA hai athavA icchA-AkAMkSAjanya tanAvoM ko samApta karake samabhAva meM sthita honA cAhatA hai, vahI samatvayoga kA sAdhaka mAnA jAtA hai| 3.4 samatvayoga kI sAdhanA ke vibhinna caraNa jaisA ki hamane pUrva meM nirdeza kiyA hai, samatvayoga kI sAdhanA rAga-dveSa aura moha tathA krodha, mAna, mAyA aura lobharUpa kaSAyoM se Upara uThane kI sAdhanA hai; kyoMki krodha, mAna, mAyA aura lobha ke tattva hI hamAre citta ke samatva ko bhaMga karate haiN| ataH sAdhaka ko samatvayoga kI sAdhanA ke liye inase Upara uThane kI AvazyakatA hai| samatvayoga kA sAdhaka inase kisa krama se Upara uTha sakatA hai, isakA vivecana jainadarzana ke guNasthAna siddhAnta meM hameM vistAra se milatA hai| jainadarzana kA yaha mAnanA hai ki vyakti ke bandhana kA mUla kAraNa to krodha, mAna, mAyA aura lobha rUpa kaSAe~ hI haiN| ataH samatvayoga kI sAdhanA meM kaSAyoM se Upara uThanA Avazyaka hai| jaina karma-siddhAnta bandhana rUpa ATha karmoM meM

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144 jainadarzana meM samatvayoga kI sAdhanA mohanIyakarma ko pradhAna mAnatA hai| mohanIyakarma ke do bheda kiye gaye haiM - darzanamohanIyakarma aura caaritrmohniiykrm| darzanamohanIyakarma vyakti kI dRSTi ko dUSita karatA hai aura cAritramohanIyakarma vyakti ke AcaraNa ko dUSita karatA hai| vyakti ke jIvana kA dRSTikoNa aura usakA AcaraNa samyaka ho, vaha kaSAyoM aura vAsanAoM se Upara uThe, yahI samatvayoga kI sAdhanA hai| yaha samatvayoga kI sAdhanA kisa krama se sambhava hai, usake kauna-kauna se caraNa haiM? isakA vicAra karanA Avazyaka hai| samatvayoga kI sAdhanA ke liye dRSTikoNa kI vizuddhi Avazyaka hai| bhogavAdI jIvanadRSTi samatvayoga kI sAdhanA ko saphala nahIM hone detii| samatvayoga kI sAdhanA ke liye tyAgamUlaka jIvanadRSTi Avazyaka hai| tyAgavRtti kA vikAsa hone para hI Asakti yA rAga kA prahANa ho sakatA hai aura usake prahANa se hI kaSAyoM kA upazama yA kSaya sambhava hai| ataH bhautika yA bhogavAdI dRSTi kA parityAga karake saMyamavAdI aura nivRttimUlaka jIvanadRSTi ko svIkAra karane para hI samatvayoga kI sAdhanA Arambha kI jA sakatI hai| jaina dharma meM isa prakriyA ko darzanavizuddhi yA samyakadRSTi kA udbhAvana kahA gayA hai| yaha samatvayoga kI sAdhanA kA prathama caraNa hai; kyoMki jaba taka vyakti kI samajha ThIka nahIM hotI, taba taka usakA AcaraNa aura vyavahAra bhI samyaka nahIM ho sktaa| yahI kAraNa hai ki jainAcAryoM ne samatva kI siddhi ke prathama caraNa ke rUpa meM darzanavizuddhi yA samyagdarzana kI prApti ko Avazyaka mAnA hai| samatvayoga kI sAdhanA kA dUsarA caraNa viveka aura samatA kA vikAsa karanA hai| jaba taka vyakti sva-para ke bheda ko nahIM samajhatA - usameM Atma-anAtma kA viveka jAgrata nahIM hotA, taba taka usakI Asakti nahIM TUTatI hai| Asakti ko tor3e binA na to dRSTikoNa samyak bana pAtA hai aura na hI AcaraNa samyak bana pAtA hai| isa kAraNa se samatva kI upalabdhi bhI nahIM hotI hai| isaliye samatvayoga kI sAdhanA meM dUsarA caraNa Atma-anAtma kA viveka yA bheda vijJAna hai| jise Atma-anAtma kA viveka ho jAtA hai, usakI 'para' ke prati koI Asakti nahIM rahatI aura 'para' ke prati Asakti samApta hone para hI samatvayoga kI sAdhanA kI

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samatvayoga : sAdhaka, sAdhya aura sAdhanA 145 saphalatA nirbhara hotI hai| kintu dRSTi kI vizuddhi aura viveka tathA samatA kA vikAsa vAsanA yA kaSAya ke upazAnta hue binA sambhava nahIM hai| ataH vAsanAoM aura kaSAyoM ko upazAnta karane ke liye prayatna yA puruSArtha Avazyaka hai| ise hI jainadarzana kI bhASA meM samyakcAritra kahA gayA hai| isa prakAra dRSTi kI vizuddhi aura Atma-anAtma ke viveka kA vikAsa kahIM na kahIM kaSAyoM ke upazamana yA samyakcAritra para nirbhara rahA hai| yadyapi jainadarzana meM samatvayoga kI sAdhanA ke tIna caraNa samyagdarzana, samyagjJAna aura samyakcAritra mAne gaye haiM, kintu ve paraspara sApekSa haiN| AdhyAtmika vikAsa athavA samatvayoga yA vItarAgatA kI sAdhanA ke jo vividha caraNa mAne gaye haiM, unameM sarvaprathama samyagdarzana kI upalabdhi (darzanavizaddhi) ko Avazyaka mAnA gayA hai| kintu jainadarzana kA guNasthAna siddhAnta samyagdarzana kI upalabdhi ke liye anantAnubandhI kaSAyacatuSka aura darzanamoha ke trika kA kSaya yA upazama Avazyaka mAnatA hai| anantAnubandhI kaSAyacatuSka kA tAtparya krodha, mAna, mAyA aura lobha kI tIvratama avasthAe~ haiN| jaba taka krodha, mAna, mAyA aura lobha kI tIvratA samApta nahIM hotI, taba taka samatvayoga kI sAdhanA meM prathama pada nikSepa bhI nahIM hotaa| krodha, mAna, mAyA aura lobha kI isa tIvratama avasthA ke niyantraNa se hI vivekabuddhi kA vikAsa aura dRSTi kI vizuddhi sambhava hai| manuSya meM vAsanA aura viveka kA atadvandva calatA rahatA hai| jaba taka vAsanAoM para aMkuza nahIM lagatA, taba taka viveka kA prakaTana sambhava nahIM hai| dUsarI ora binA viveka ke jAgrata hue vAsanAoM para aMkuza bhI nahIM lagAyA jA sktaa| ataH samatvayoga kI sAdhanA ke kSetra meM vikAsa karane ke liye viveka kA vikAsa aura vAsanA kA niyantraNa donoM hI Avazyaka hai| samatvayoga kI sAdhanA meM AtmA kaise apanA kadama Age bar3hAtI hai, isa bAta ko jainadarzana meM trividha AtmA kI avadhAraNA aura guNasthAna siddhAnta ke dvArA samajhAyA gayA hai| trividha AtmA kI avadhAraNA meM AtmA kI tIna avasthAe~ mAnI gaI haiM :

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146 jainadarzana meM samatvayoga kI sAdhanA 1. bahirAtmA; 2. antarAtmA; aura 3. prmaatmaa| inameM bahirAtmA mithyA jIvanadRSTi yA bhogavAdI jIvanadRSTi kI paricAyaka hai| yaha AdhyAtmika samatva kI apekSA usakI vikSiptatA kI avasthA hai| usake pazcAt antarAtmA kA krama AtA hai| antarAtmA sAdhaka AtmA hai| vaha apanI vAsanAoM para niyantraNa karane kA prayatna karatI hai aura kramazaH usameM saphalatA prApta karatI hai| usake pazcAt paramAtmA kA krama AtA hai| yaha samatvayoga kI pUrNatA aura vItarAgatA kI sthiti hai| bahirAtmA samyak jIvanadRSTi ko svIkAra karake antarAtmA ke rUpa meM vAsanAoM aura kaSAyoM ko samApta karate hue paramAtmadazA ko prApta karatI hai| isa prakAra jainadarzana meM trividha AtmA kI avadhAraNA ke dvArA bhI samatvayoga kI sAdhanA kI prakriyA ko hI spaSTa kiyA gayA hai| kintu isa prakriyA meM bahirAtmA aura paramAtmA donoM hI do chora haiN| samatvayoga kI sAdhanA kI prakriyA antarAtmA ke mAdhyama se calatI hai| samatvayoga kI sAdhanA yA antarAtmA ke vikAsa ke vividha caraNoM kA samyaka vivecana jainadarzana ke guNasthAna siddhAnta meM milatA hai| isa siddhAnta meM tIvratama krodha, mAna, mAyA aura lobha kI sthiti, jise jainadarzana kI paribhASA meM anantAnubandhI kaSAyacatuSka kahA gayA hai, usase Upara uThate hue pUrNa vItarAgatA kI sthiti prApta karane ke caudaha caraNoM kA ullekha milatA hai| jainadarzana meM samatvayoga kI sAdhanA meM AdhyAtmika vikAsa ke nimna caudaha caraNa batAye gaye haiN| unheM guNasthAna kI saMjJA dI jAtI hai| Age hama kramazaH ina caraNoM yA guNasthAnoM kI vivecanA kreNge| jainadarzana meM guNasthAna kI avadhAraNA AdhyAtmika vizuddhi ke vibhinna staroM ko sUcita karane ke liye upalabdha hotI hai| vyakti ke AdhyAtmika vikAsa kA mUlyAMkana isI avadhAraNA ke AdhAra para hotA hai| moha aura yoga ke kAraNa jIvana ke antaraMga pariNAmoM meM pratikSaNa honevAle utAra-car3hAva ko guNasthAna kahA gayA hai| karmoM kA udaya, 18 (ka) adhyAtmamata parIkSA gA. 125; (kha) yogAvatAra dvAtriMzikA 16-12; aura (ga) 'tipayAro so appA paramaMtarabAhiro 'hu' dehIjaM / / tattha paro jhAijjai aMtovAeNa caivi bahirappA / / 4 / / ' -mokkhapAhuDa 6 /

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guNasthAnaka S 4 ayogI kevalI sayogI kevalI kSINa moha upazAMta moha sUkSma sampara anivRtti apUrvakaraNa ratramAhopazamaka apramatta pramatta dezavirati samyaktva mizra sAsvAdana mithyAtva apramatta pramatta dezavirati samyaktva mizra apramatta sAsvAdana pramatta mithyAtva dezavirati samyaktva mizra mithyA dRSTi sAsvAdana Forvale & Personal Use Only mithyAtva Jain Education international T

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samatvayoga : sAdhaka, sAdhya aura sAdhanA 1 upazama, kSaya aura kSayopazama hI guNasthAnoM kA pramukha kAraNa hai yaha guNasthAna zabda do zabdoM se banA hai guNa+sthAna / guNa kA artha jJAna, darzana aura cAritra se hai aura sthAna kA abhiprAya avasthA, sthiti yA zreNI vizeSa se hai| jIvAtmA kI azuddhatama avasthA ke parihAra se lekara zuddhatama dazA arthAt muktAvasthA taka kI vikAsa bhUmikAe~ guNasthAna haiN| ina guNasthAnoM se AtmA uttarottara vizuddha hokara samatvayoga meM pragati karatI hai / samatvayoga kI ina avasthAoM se Age bar3hate-bar3hate vikAsa kI uccatama dazA arthAt mokSa taka pahu~cAne meM ye guNasthAna kAryakArI haiM / jainadarzana meM ina caudaha guNasthAnoM ko nimna nAmoM se abhihita kiyA gayA hai : 1. mithyAtva; 3. mizra; 5. deza - virata samyagdRSTi; 7. apramattasaMyata ( apramattavirata ); 6. anivRttikaraNa; 11. upazAntamoha; 13. sayogI kevalI; aura - 2. sAsvAdana; 4. avirata samyagdRSTi; 6. pramattasaMyata; 8. apUrvakaraNa; 10. sUkSmasamparAya; 12. kSINa moha; 14. ayogI kevalI / 6 16 prathama se caturtha guNasthAna taka kA krama darzana kI avasthAoM ko prakaTa karatA hai tathA pAMcave se bArahavA~ guNasthAna samyakcAritra ko darzAtA hai| terahavA~ aura caudahavA~ guNasthAna AdhyAtmika pUrNatA kA dyotaka hai / 1. mithyAtva guNasthAna : 1 isa guNasthAna meM AtmA meM yathArthajJAna yA bodha kA abhAva hotA hai / yathArtha bodha ke abhAva ke kAraNa AtmA nirantara bAhya padArthoM se sukha prApta karane kI kAmanA karatI hai aura Antarika sukha se vaMcita raha jAtI hai / mithyAtva mohanIyakarma ke udaya se jIva kI pravRtti bhI mithyA ho 16 'miccho sAsaNa misso aviradasammo ya desavirado ya / viradApamatta idaro apuvva aNiyaTTi suhamo ya / / 6 / / uvasaMta khINamoho sajogakevalijiNo ajogI ya / coddasa jIvasamAsA kameNa siddhA ca NAdavvA / / 10 / / ' 147 - gommaTasAra jIvakANDa |

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148 jainadarzana meM samatvayoga kI sAdhanA jAtI hai| usakI zraddhA bhI viparIta hotI hai; jaise dhatUre ke bIja khAne vAlA manuSya sapheda vastu ko bhI pIlI dekhatA hai, vaise hI mithyAdRSTi jIva kI dRSTi bhI viparIta ho jAtI hai| isI kAraNa vaha sarvajJa bhASita tattvoM meM viparIta zraddhA karatA hai| vaha sudeva ko kudeva, sugurU ko kugurU aura sudharma ko kudharma mAnatA hai| tadanusAra kudeva ko sudeva, kugurU ko sugurU tathA kudharma ko sudharma mAnakara vaha unake prati AsthA rakhatA hai|" use Atma aura anAtma - 'sva' aura 'para' kA viveka nahIM hotaa| vaha adharma ko dharma, asatya ko satya mAnakara calatA hai, digmUr3ha hokara lakSya se vimukha bhaTakatA rahatA hai aura apane gantavya ko prApta nahIM kara paataa|2|| sAmAnyataH mithyAdRSTi jIva kI abhiruci Atmonmukha nahIM hotI hai| usakI rUci bAhya padArthoM kI upalabdhi kI hotI hai| vaha bAhya padArthoM ko apane hita aura sukha kA sAdhana samajhatA hai| usakI dRSTi bhautika yA bhogavAdI hotI hai| DaoN. sAgaramala jaina guNasthAna siddhAnta meM likhate haiM ki mithyAtva guNasthAna meM AtmA darzanamoha aura cAritramoha kI karma prakRtiyoM se pragAr3ha rUpa se jakar3I huI hotI hai| mAnasika dRSTi se mithyAtva guNasthAna meM prANI tIvratama krodha, mAna, mAyA aura lobha (anantAnubandhI kaSAya) ke vazIbhUta rahatA hai| vAsanAtmaka pravRttiyA~ usa para pUrNa rUpa se hAvI hotI haiM, jinake kAraNa vaha satyadarzana, samatva yA Adarza AcaraNa se vaMcita rahatA hai|23 jaina vicAradhArA ke anusAra saMsAra kI adhikA~za AtmAe~ mithyAtva guNasthAna meM hI rahatI haiN| mithyAtva guNasthAna meM rahI huI ye AtmAe~ bhI do prakAra kI haiM : 1. bhavya AtmA : jisa AtmA ko yogya nimitta milane para yathArtha kA bodha ho sakatA hai aura apane AdhyAtmika vikAsa yA -vahI / 20 (ka) 'micchodayeNa micchattamasaddahaNaM tu tacca aTThANaM / eyaMtaM . vivarIyaM viNayaM, saMsaidamaNNANaM / / 15 / / ' (kha) 'tatvANi jina dRSTAni, yastad yAni na rocate / mithyAtvasyodaye jIvo, mithyAdRSTirasau ataH / / ' 'AdhyAtmika vikAsa kI bhUmikAeM evaM pUrNatA' pR. 25 / 22 'guNasthAnakramAroha', zloka 8 / 'guNasthAna siddhAnta' SaSTham adhyAya pR. 52 / -saMskRta paMcasaMgraha 1/11 / -ratnazekharasUri /

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samatvayoga : sAdhaka, sAdhya aura sAdhanA 149 146 samatva kI pUrNatA ko prApta kara sakatI hai, use bhavya AtmA kahA jAtA hai| 2. abhavya AtmA : jo AtmA kabhI bhI apanA AdhyAtmika vikAsa karane meM samartha nahIM hai aura jise yathArtha bodha kI prApti asambhava hai, vaha abhavyAtmA hai|" mithyAtva guNasthAnavartI AtmA meM tIvratama krodha, mAna, mAyA aura lobha kI upasthiti ke sAtha mithyAtvamoha kA bhI udaya rahatA hai| yaha mithyAtva pAMca prakAra hai : 1. abhigraha mithyAtva; 2. anabhigraha mithyAtva; 3. abhinivezika mithyAtva; 4. saMzaya mithyAtva; aura 5. anAbhoga mithyaatv|25 1. abhigraha mithyAtva : isa mithyAtva ke udaya se vyakti mithyAdeva, mithyAgurU, aura mithyAdharma ko mAnane vAlA hotA hai| anya kI use jAnakArI nahIM hotii| 2. anabhigraha mithyAtva : isa mithyAtva ke yoga se jIva ko samyak samajha nahIM hotii| vaha sahI ko sahI nahIM samajhatA hai| cAhe sacce deva-gurU-dharma ho yA mithyA deva-gurU-dharma ho, vaha sabhI ko samAna samajhatA hai| isa kAraNa sudeva Adi para usakI dRr3ha zraddhA nahIM hotii| abhinivezika mithyAtva : isa mithyAtva ke udaya se vyakti haThadharmI hotA hai| mithyA upadeza karatA hai aura pakar3I huI mAnyatA ko nahIM chor3atA hai| yaha durAgraha kI avasthA hai| 4. saMzaya mithyAtva : isa mithyAtva ke kAraNa AtmA paramAtmA ke Apta vacanoM meM zaMkita rahatI hai| vaha vacanoM ko sunakara saMkalpa-vikalpa karatI hai| ahaMkAra evaM bhaya ke kAraNa zaMkA kA nivAraNa karane kA prayatna bhI vaha nahIM karatI hai| 5. anAbhoga mithyAtva : isa mithyAtva ke kAraNa manuSya sacce deva, gurU aura dharma ke svarUpa ko nahIM jAnatA hai aura mAnatA bhI 24 vahI pR. 53 / 25 (ka) gommaTasAra (jIvakANDa), gA. 15 / (kha) tattvArthasUtra, sarvArthasiddhi TIkA (pUjyapAda) 811 /

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150 jainadarzana meM samatvayoga kI sAdhanA nahIM hai| vaha kevala khAnA, pInA aura mauja ur3AnA, isameM hI masta banA rahatA hai| anAbhoga mithyAtva meM vyakta aura avyakta donoM mithyAtva vidyamAna rahate haiN| AcArya amitagati ne zrAvakAcAra meM kahA hai ki mithyAdRSTi usa sarpa ke samAna hai jo dUdha pIkara bhI punaH viSa ko ugAlatA hai| isI prakAra mithyAdRSTi jinavANI ko bhI sunatA hai, Agama kA adhyayana bhI karatA hai; para apane mithyAtva ko nahIM chor3atA hai|26 prazna hotA hai ki mithyAtva ko guNasthAna kyoM mAnA gayA hai? mithyAtva ko guNasthAna isIliye mAnA hai ki jaise saghana bAdaloM ke AcchAdita hone para sUrya kI prabhA sampUrNataH nahIM chipatI hai, vaise hI mithyAtva mohanIyakarma kA udaya ho jAne para jIva kA dRSTiguNa sampUrNataH AcchAdita nahIM hotA hai, balki AMzika rUpa se anAvarita rahatA hai| yadi aisA na mAnA jAya to nigodiyA jIva ko ajIva kahA jaayegaa| AcArya haribhadrasUri ne mArgAbhimukha avasthA ke cAra vibhAga kiye haiM : 1. mitrA; 2. tArA; 3. balA; aura 4. diipaa| mithyAtva ke kAraNa adhyavasAyoM meM saMkleza banA rahatA hai| isa sambandha meM mahopAdhyAya zrI yazovijayajI likhate haiM : ___ 'para paraNati kara ApaNI jAne, varate Arata dhyaane| sAdhakabAdhakatA navi jAne, te mithyAguNa ThANe / / 26 kAla kI apekSA se mithyAtva ke tIna bheda milate haiM : 1. anAdi ananta; 2. anAdi sAnta; aura 3. sAdi saant| 1. anAdi ananta : abhavya jIva athavA jAtibhavya (jo jIva kabhI mukta nahIM hote)| abhavya jIvoM kA mithyAtva anAdi ananta hai| 26 'paThannapivaco jainaM mithyAtvaM naiva muMcati / __kudRSTiH paDatpannago dugdhaM pivannapi mahAviSam / / ' ___-amitagati zrAvakAcAra 2/15 / 27 'savva jIvANaM pi yaNaM, akkharassa aNaMta bhAgo niccu gyADio ciTThai / jaI puNa so vi AvarijjA, teNaM jIvo ajIvattaM pAvijjA / / 75 / / ' -nNdii| 28 yogadRSTi samuccaya / 26 yazovijayajI /

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samatvayoga : sAdhaka, sAdhya aura sAdhanA 151 2. anAdi sAnta : jo jIva anAdi kAlIna mithyAdarzana granthI kA bhedana karake samyagdRSTi bana sakatA hai| vaha jIva bhavya kahalAtA hai - usakA mithyAtva anAdi sAnta hotA hai| 3. sAdi sAnta : eka bAra samyaktva prApta karane ke bAda jo jIva punaH mithyAtvI ho jAtA hai arthAt samyaktva se patita hokara mithyAtva guNasthAna meM AtA hai, usakI apekSA se mithyAtva sAdi sAnta hai| kyoMki jisa jIva ne eka bAra samyaktva kI prApti kara lI hai, vaha nizcita hI mokSagAmI hai| jisa jIva ke mithyAtva kI Adi hai, usake mithyAtva kA anta bhI avazyambhAvI hai| tIsare bheda ke anusAra mithyAtva guNasthAna kI jaghanya aura utkRSTa sthiti kramazaH antarmuhUrta aura dezonaardhapudgalaparAvarta hai|" mithyAtvadazA meM jaba AtmA ke sabhI karmoM kI sthiti antaH koTA-koTi sAgaropama kI raha jAtI hai, to vaha isI guNasthAna ke antima caraNa meM yathApravRttikaraNa, apUrvakaraNa aura anivRtikaraNa karake granthI-bheda karatA huI usameM saphala hone para vikAsa ke samyagdRSTi nAmaka caturtha guNasthAna ko prApta karatI hai| mithyAtva kA kSaya yA upazama isI avasthA meM hotA hai| ataH ise bhI guNasthAna kahA gayA hai| 2. sAsvAdana guNasthAna jisameM samyaktva kA AsvAdana arthAt svAda mAtra raha jAtA hai, usako sAsvAdana guNasthAna kahate haiN| jaise khIra khAne ke pazcAt jaba usakA vamana hotA hai, to usa khIra kA kucha svAda anubhava meM AtA hai, usI prakAra samyaktva se patita jIva jaba mithyAtva kI ora jAtA hai, to vaha kucha samaya taka samyaktva ke AsvAdana kA anubhava karatA hai| isaliye ise sAsvAdana guNasthAna kahate haiN|32 30 'abhavyAzritA mithyAtve, anAdyannatA sthitirbhavet / sA bhavyAzritA mithyAtve, anAdisAntA punarmatA / / ' -guNasthAna kramAroha / guNasthAna kramAroha / 'sammattarayaNa-pavvayasiharAdo micchabhUmi samahimuho / NAsiya sammatto so sAsaNaNAmo muNeyabbo / / ' -gommaTasAra jIvakANDa 20; samayasAra nATaka aN 14 chaMda 20 / 32

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152 jainadarzana meM samatvayoga kI sAdhanA isI sAsvAdana ko prAkRta bhASA meM sAsAyaNa kahA gayA hai aura saMskRta meM isake do rUpa milate haiM - sAsAdana aura saasvaadn| zvetAmbara paramparA meM sAsvAdana aura digambara paramparA meM sAsAdana rUpa pracalita hai| ina do rUpoM ke kAraNa donoM kI vyAkhyAe~ bhI bhinna-bhinna haiN| zvetAmbara paramparA meM isakA artha hai - samyaktva ke AsvAda sahita; jabaki digambara paramparA meM isakA artha hai - samyaktva kI virAdhanA shit| vastutaH yaha guNasthAna krama kI apekSA se vikAsazIla kahA jAtA hai, lekina phira bhI AtmA kI patanonmukha avasthA kA dyotaka hai| jaba AtmA Upara ke guNasthAnoM se patita hotI hai, to prathama guNasthAna meM jAne se pUrva isa guNasthAna se gujaratI hai|33 patanonmukha AtmA ko mithyAtva guNasthAna taka pahu~cane kI madhyAvadhi jaghanya se eka samaya aura utkRSTa se chaH avalI samaya kI hotI hai|4 vahI isa guNasthAna kA sthitikAla hai| eka bAra yathArthabodha arthAt samyagdarzana prApta hone ke bAda mohAsakti ke kAraNa AtmA punaH mithyAtva ko grahaNa karatI hai| phira bhI use yathArthatA yA samyaktva kA AsvAda banA rahatA hai| usa kSaNika evaM AMzika AsvAda ke kAraNa hI jIva kI yaha avasthA sAsvAdana guNasthAna kI kahI jAtI hai| akalaMkadeva ne tattvArthavArtika meM batAyA hai ki sAsvAdana guNasthAna se giratA huA jIva niyama se prathama mithyAtva guNasthAna meM jAtA hai|5 SaTkhaNDAgama aura gommaTasAra jIvakANDa meM sAsAdana guNasthAna kA artha sa (sahita) + AsAdana arthAt samyaktva kI virAdhanA se yukta hai|27 dhavalA meM "AsAdanaM samyaktvaM virAdhanaM saha Asadanena 33 'saMyojanodaye bhraSTo jIvaH prathama dRSTitaH / antarAlAt mithyAtvovarNyate zrasvadarzanaH / / ' -saM. paMcasaMgraha 1/20 / 34 kAla ke saba se sUkSma aMza ko samaya kahate haiM aura asaMkhyAta samaya kI eka avalI hotI hai| yaha eka avalI pramANa kAla bhI eka miniTa se bahuta choTA hotA hai| 35 tattvArthavArtika 6/1/13 pR. 586 / 36 'sAsaNasammAdiTThI tti ko bhAvo pariNAmizrobhAvo' -SaDkhaMDAgama 5/1/7 sUtra 3 / 37 (ka) SaTakhaNDAgama 1/1/10 / (kha) gommaTasAra (jIvakANDa) gA. 16 / (ga) 'AsanaM kSepaNa samyaktva virAdhanaM tena saha vartate yaH sa sAsanaH / ' (gha) gommaTasAra (jIvakANDa) maMdaprabodhinI TIkA gA. 16 /

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samatvayoga : sAdhaka, sAdhya aura sAdhanA 153 iti sAsAdana" arthAt samyaktva kI virAdhanA ko AsAdana kahA gayA hai aura AsAdana se yukta hI sAsAdana guNasthAna hai| isa guNasthAna meM jIva ko anantAnubandhI kA udaya aura samyaktva kI virAdhanA hone ke kAraNa AtmA samatva meM sthira nahIM raha sakatI hai| samatva kI sAdhanA kI dRSTi se isa guNasthAna meM krodha, mAna, mAyA aura lobha meM se kisI eka, do yA cAroM kI tIvratama sthiti kA udaya hotA hai| ataH yaha asamatva kI avasthA hai| 3. mizra guNasthAna isa guNasthAna kA krama vikAsa zreNI meM na Akara patanonmukha zreNI meM hI AtA hai, jisameM avakrAnti karanevAlI patanonmukha AtmA caturtha guNasthAna se patita hokara AtI hai aura utkrAnti karanevAlI AtmA, jisane eka bAra samyaktva kA sparza kiyA ho, prathama guNasthAna se nikalakara tRtIya guNasthAna ko prApta kara sakatI hai| caturtha guNasthAna meM yathArtha kA bodha karake yadi AtmA punaH patita hotI ho, to prathama guNasthAna ko prApta karatI hai aura vahI AtmA utkrAnti kAla meM prathama guNasthAna se sIdhI tRtIya guNasthAna meM bhI A sakatI hai|36 isa guNasthAnavI jIva kI nizcayAtmaka avasthA nahIM hone ke kAraNa kabhI vaha samyaktva kI ora abhimukha hotA hai, to kabhI mithyAtva kI ora abhimukha hotA hai| vaha eka meM sthira nahIM bana pAtA hai| dahI aura gur3a ke mizrita svAda jaisI yaha sthiti hai| isameM eka hI kAla meM samyaktva aura mithyAtva ke pariNAma hote haiN| jaise kamare meM eka choTe se dIpa ko jalAne se kamare ke eka kone meM hI prakAza hotA hai, zeSa kamare meM aMdherA hI banA rahatA hai, vaise hI isa guNasthAna meM dharma-bodha kI kucha jhalaka hotI hai| isa guNasthAna vAle jIva na to sarvajJa kathita vacanoM para pUrNataH zraddhA karate haiM aura na hI pUrNataH azraddhA karate haiN| asamaMjasa kI sthiti meM rahate haiN| isa mizrita pariNAma kA mUla 38 (ka) dhavalA 1/1/1 pR. 163 / ___ (kha) tatvArthavArtikA 6/1/13 / 36 guNasthAna siddhAnta : eka vizleSaNa pR. 54 /

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jainadarzana meM samatvayoga kI sAdhanA kAraNa samyak - - mithyAtva nAmaka karma prakRti kA udaya hotA hai / yaha mizraguNasthAna jIvana meM saMgharSa kI avasthA kA dyotaka hai| isameM satya aura asatya, zubha aura azubha athavA vyakti meM nihita pAzavika aura AdhyAtmika vRttiyoM ke madhya saMgharSa calatA rahatA hai / lekina jaina vicAradhArA ke anusAra yaha vaicArika yA mAnasika saMgharSa kI avasthA antarmuhUrta ( 48 minaTa) se adhika nahIM rahatI / yadi AdhyAtmika dRSTi se vyakti Upara uTha jAtA hai, to vikAsa krama meM Age bar3hakara yathArtha kA bodha kara letA hai arthAt vaha caturtha avirata samyagdRSTi guNasthAna ko prApta kara letA hai aura yadi vaha pAzavika vRttiyoM se AkrAnta hotA hai, to vaha yathArtha bodha se punaH patita hokara prathama mithyAtva guNasthAna meM calA jAtA hai| vastutaH yaha anizcaya kI avasthA hai / ataH isa avasthA meM bhI cetanA yA AtmA samatva kI sthiti meM nahIM rahatI hai / isa guNasthAna meM pahale guNasthAna kI apekSA Atmazuddhi kucha adhika hotI hai|" 4. avirata samyagdRSTi guNasthAna yaha guNasthAna AdhyAtmika vikAsa kA paricAyaka hai / isa guNasthAna meM jIva yathArthatA kA bodha yA satyatA ko upalabdha kara letA hai / vaha satya ko satya aura asatya ko asatya svIkara karatA hai / usakA dRSTikoNa bhI samyak ho jAtA hai, lekina phira bhI AcaraNa usake anurUpa nahIM hotA hai / 42 pUrva saMskAroM ke kAraNa azubha, asatya ko jAnatA huA bhI usase baca nahIM sakatA / satya ko jAnanA alaga hai aura satyamaya ho jAnA alaga hai| sahI rAste kA jJAna ho jAnA aura usa para cala par3anA donoM alaga-alaga 154 40 41 42 (ka) 'sammAmicchudayeNa ya, jattaMra savvadhAdikajjeNa / Naya sammaM micchaM pi ya, sammisso hodi pariNAmo || dahiguDamiva vA missaM puhabhAvaM Neva kAriduM sakkaM / evaM missayabhAvo sammAmiccho tti NAdavvo / ' (kha) 'samyag mithyArucirmizraH samyag mithyAtva pAkataH / suduSkaraH pRthAbhAvo dadhimizra guDopamaH / / ' (ga) guNasthAna siddhAnta : eka vizleSNa pR. 56 / SaTkhaNDAgama 4 / 105, sUtra 1 / saM. paMcasaMgraha 1/23 | - gommaTasAra jIvakAMDa 21, 22 / - saMskRta paMcasaMgraha 1/22 / -guNasthAna kramAroha /

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samatvayoga : sAdhaka, sAdhya aura sAdhanA 155 avasthAe~ hai| usakA jJAnAtmaka pakSa samyak (yathArtha) hone para bhI AcaraNAtmaka pakSa asamyak hotA hai| jainadarzana kI apekSA se darzanamohanIyakarma ke AvaraNa kA abhAva hone para yA isa AvaraNa ke kSINa ho jAne para jIvAtmA ko yathArtha kA bodha to hotA hai kintu cAritramohanIyakarma kA udaya banA rahane se sAdhaka kA AcaraNa samyak nahIM hotA hai| isa guNasthAnavI jIva eka apaMga vyakti ke samAna hotA hai, jo dekhatA to hai kintu cala nahI pAtA hai| avirata samyagdRSTi AtmA samyak mArga yA samatva ke mArga ko jAnate hue bhI usakA AcaraNa nahIM kara pAtI, kyoMki vaha hiMsA, jhUTha, abrahmacarya Adi sAvadha vyApAroM kA parityAga nahIM kara pAtI hai| isaliye vaha avirata samyagdaSTi kahI jAtI hai| pApajanaka pravRttiyoM se pRthak ho jAne ko virata kahate haiN| yadi koI jIvAtmA pApajanaka pravRttiyoM se virata nahIM hotI hai, to vaha avirata samyagdRSTi kahalAtI hai|3 phira bhI avirata samyagdRSTi AtmA meM krodha, mAna, mAyA aura lobha ina cAroM kaSAyoM ke sthAyI tathA tIvratama AvegoM kA abhAva hotA hai; kyoMki jaba taka kaSAyoM ke ina tIvratama AvegoM arthAt anantAnubandhI caukar3I kA kSaya yA upazama nahIM hotA, taba taka use samyagdarzana kI prApti nahIM ho sktii| avirata samyagdRSTi AtmA kA kisI aMza meM samatva kI ora jhukAva avazya rahatA hai| __ jaina dharma ke anusAra avirata samyagdRSTi guNasthAnavartI AtmA ko nimna sAta karma-prakRtiyoM kA kSaya, upazama yA kSayopazama karanA hotA hai : 1. anantAnubandhI krodha; 2. anantAnubandhI mAna; 3. anantAnubandhI mAyA; 4. anantAnubandhI lobha; 5. mithyAtva moha; 6. mizra moha; aura 7. samyaktva moh| AtmA jaba ina sAta karma-prakRtiyo ko pUrNataH kSaya karatI hai, to hI vaha sAtaveM guNasthAna ko prApta kara sakatI hai| vahI kSAyika samyaktva kahalAtA hai| kSAyika samyaktva se yukta AtmA isa 43 'No indiyesu virado No jIve thAvare tase vApi / jo saddahadi jiNuttaM sammAiTThI avirado so / / 26 / / -gommaTasAra (karmakANDa) /

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jainadarzana meM samatvayoga kI sAdhanA guNasthAna se punaH patita nahIM hotI hai / vaha agrima vikAsa zreNiyoM meM bar3hatI huI anta meM paramAtmasvarUpa ko prApta karatI hai| aupazamika samyaktva vaha kahalAtA hai, jisameM vAsanAe~ sampUrNataH samApta nahIM hotI, balki unheM kucha samaya ke liye dabA diyA jAtA hai / ataH aisI AtmA ke yathArtha dRSTikoNa meM asthAyitva hotA hai, jisake kAraNa antarmuhUrta ( 48 minaTa) ke pazcAt punaH vAsanAe~ prakaTa ho jAtI haiM aura unake kAraNa AtmA samyaktva se phira vimukha ho jAtI hai / isI prakAra AMzika rUpa se vAsanAoM kA kSaya aura AMzika rUpa se damita hone para kSAyopazamika samyaktva kA jo bodha hotA hai, vaha bhI asthAyI hotA hai; kyoMki isameM bhI damita vAsanAe~ punaH prakaTa hokara vyakti kI yathArtha dRSTi ko dhUmila karake use samyaktva se girA detI hai / vAsanAoM ke AMzika kSaya aura AMzika damana para Azrita yathArtha dRSTikoNa kSAyopazamika samyaktva kahalAtA hai / yaha tIna bhaMgoM se yukta hotA hai : 1. cAra kA kSaya aura tIna kA upazamana; 2. pAMca kA kSaya aura do kA upazamana; aura 3. chaH kA kSaya aura eka kA upazamana 156 1 upazama samyaktva se yaha kSAyopazamika samyaktva adhika nirmala hotA hai / kSAyika samyaktva to sampUrNataH nirmala hotA hai / kSAyopazamika samyaktva bhavacakra meM asaMkhya bAra AtA-jAtA rahatA hai / kintu upazama samyaktva zreNI ArohaNa karane kI sthiti meM adhikatama cAra bAra hI AtA hai / kSAyika samyaktva bhavacakra meM kevala eka bAra hI AtA hai| isameM rahI huI AtmA kA yA to tadbhava meM mokSa ho jAtA hai yA adhika se adhika tIna yA cAra bhava meM mokSa hotA hai / samatva kI sAdhanA kI apekSA se isa guNasthAna meM AtmA cAroM kaSAyoM kI anantAnubandhI caukar3I kA kSaya karake AMzika samatva ko prApta karatI hai / usameM kaSAyoM ke Avega tIvratama nahIM hote haiM / 5. dezavirata samyagdRSTi guNasthAna yaha guNasthAna AdhyAtmika vikAsa kA pAMcavA sopAna hai / isa guNasthAna se saMyama kI sAdhanA kA prArambha hotA hai / vyakti AMzika I

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samatvayoga : sAdhaka, sAdhya aura sAdhanA 157 rUpa se samyak AcaraNa karane lagatA hai| isa guNasthAna kA dUsarA nAma viratAvirata bhI hai; kyoMki isa guNasthAnavI AtmA sarvajJa vItarAga ke kathana meM zraddhA rakhatI huI trasa jIvoM kI hiMsA se virata hotI hai, kintu sthAvara jIvoM kI hiMsA se virata nahIM hotii| phira bhI vaha niSprayojana sthAvara jIvoM kI hiMsA nahIM karatI hai| trasa jIvoM ke tyAga kI apekSA se virata aura sthAvara jIvoM kI hiMsA kI apekSA se avirata hone se yaha guNasthAna viratAvirata kahalAtA hai|4 dezasaMyata aura saMyatAsaMyata isake dUsare paryAyavAcI nAma hai| zrAvaka ke pAMca aNuvrata, tIna guNavrata aura cAra zikSAvrata isa prakAra kula bAraha vrata hote haiN| inakA pAlana karane vAlA dezavirata kahalAtA hai| dezavirata vaha hai, jisane apane jIvana ko saMyama kI paridhi meM bAMdhanA zurU kiyA hai| dUsare zabdoM meM usane apane jIvana ko saMyamita aura niyantrita karanA prArambha kara diyA hai| aise zrAvaka gyAraha pratimAoM ko dhAraNa karate hue samatva ko prApta karate haiN| ve bAraha vratadhArI hote haiM aura bAraha bhAvanAoM kA cintana karate haiN| vAsanAmaya jIvana se AMzika rUpa se nivRtta hote haiN| hiMsA, jhUTha, corI, parastrIgamana Adi azubhAcAra tathA krodha, mAna, mAyA, lobha Adi kaSAyoM se bhI AMzika rUpa se virakta hote haiN| aise dezavirata zrAvaka AtmakalyANa karate hue samatva ko prApta karate haiN| isa guNasthAna meM sAdhaka yadyapi gRhasthAzramI hotA hai, phira bhI vaha apanI vAsanAoM para yathAzakti niyantraNa karane kA prayAsa karatA hai| usako jo ucita pratIta hotA hai, vaha usakA AcaraNa karane kI bhI koziza karatA hai| caturtha guNasthAna meM vAsanAe~ evaM kaSAyoM ke Avega prakaTa hote haiM, vyakti una para niyantraNa bhI nahIM kara pAtA hai| phira bhI eka avadhi ke pazcAt ve svayaM hI upazAnta ho jAte haiN| ve sthAyI nahIM rahate, jaise tRNapuMja meM agni tIvratA se prajvalita ho jAtI hai aura usako kAbU karanA kaThina ho jAtA hai, kintu eka samaya ke pazcAt vaha svayaM hI upazAnta ho jAtI hai| isa paMcama guNasthAna kI prApti ke liye vyakti ko apratyAkhyAnI 44 'jo tasa vahAo virado aviradao taha ya thAvara vahAo / ekka samayammi jIo, viradAvirado jiNekkamaI / / 31 / / ' -gommaTasAra (jIvakANDa) /

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jainadarzana meM samatvayoga kI sAdhanA kaSAyoM ko upazAnta karanA hotA hai / jo vyakti vAsanAoM evaM kaSAyoM para AMzika niyantraNa karane kI kSamatA nahIM rakhatA, vaha vyakti isa dezavirata nAmaka guNasthAna meM praveza nahIM kara pAtA hai / paMcama guNasthAnavartI sAdhaka sAdhanA - patha se phisalatA to hai, phira bhI usameM saMbhalane kI kSamatA hotI hai / yaha pAMcavA guNasthAna manuSya aura saMjJI paMcendriya tiryaMca ko hotA hai / isa guNasthAna meM sAdhaka AMzika rUpa se samatva yA samatAbhAva meM adhiSThita rahatA hai / 158 6. pramatta sarvavirata samyagdRSTi guNasthAna pAMcavA dezavirata guNasthAna manuSyoM aura saMjJI paMcendriya tiryaMcoM ko hotA hai, lekina chaThA pramatta saMyata guNasthAna to kevala manuSyoM ko hI hotA hai / svataH pApa mukta hone ke AtmapariNAmoM ko hI sarvavirata guNasthAna kahA jAtA hai| isa guNasthAna ke adhikArI tyAgI mahApuruSa, sAdhu-sAdhvI aura aNagAra hote haiN| isa guNasthAnavartI AtmA kA pratyAkhyAnAvaraNIya nAmaka tIsarA kaSAyacatuSka kSaya yA upazamita ho jAtA hai / vaha moha evaM Asakti se bhI virakta ho jAtI hai / vaha saMyamI hotI hai aura anuzAsana meM rahatI hai| phira bhI AtmA sarvavirati kA nirdoSa pAlana nahIM kara sakatI hai, kyoMki rAgAdi rUpa meM alpa pramAda rahatA hai / jala meM khIMcI rekhA ke samAna kaSAyoM kA udaya alpakAla meM samApta ho jAtA hai / isa guNasthAna meM sAdhaka bAhya zubha-pravRttiyoM meM vyasta hotA hai, kintu hiMsAdi pApoM kA sampUrNataH parityAga kara detA hai / isa guNasthAna meM saMjvalana kaSAyacatuSka aura hAsyAdi nava nokaSAya ke atirikta mohanIyakarma kI zeSa sabhI prakRtiyoM ke udaya kA abhAva hotA hai| pratyAkhyAnAvaraNa kaSAyacatuSka kA kSayopazama yA kSaya hone para vyakti pramatta saMyata nAmaka chaThe guNasthAna meM ArohaNa karatA hai / 46 krodhAdi vRttiyA~ avyakta rUpa meM antaramAnasa ko jhakajhoratI rahatI haiM / phira bhI sAdhaka unakI bAhya abhivyakti nahIM 45 46 'saMjjaNaNokasAyaNudao maMdo jadA tadA hodi / apamattaguNo teNa ya apamatto saMjado hodi / / 45 / / ' 'taIyakasAyANudae paccakkhANAvaraNanAmadhejjANaM / desekkadesaviraiM carittalaMbhaM na u lahaMti / / 1234 / / ' - gommaTasAra ( jIvakANDa ) / - vizeSAvazyakasUtra /

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samatvayoga : sAdhaka, sAdhya aura sAdhanA hone detaa| vaha una para niyantraNa rakhatA huA dRr3hatApUrvaka una para vijaya prApta kara Age bar3hane kA prayAsa karatA hai| ina para vijaya prApta hone para vaha Age kI zreNI (apramatta saMyata guNasthAna) meM calA jAtA hai aura jaba- jaba kaSAyAdi pramAda una para hAvI hote haiM, taba-taba vaha punaH isa zreNI meM A jAtA hai / isa prakAra chaThe aura sAtaveM guNasthAna meM sAdhaka jhUlatA rahatA hai / isa guNasthAna meM yadi sAdhaka pUrNa jAgarUkatA ke sAtha samatva kA pAlana karatA hai, to Age kI zreNI meM bar3ha jAtA hai aura yadi pramAda ke vazIbhUta ho jAtA hai, to isI guNasthAna meM avasthita rahatA hai / samatva yA samatA kA pAlana karane ke liye yaha guNasthAna atyuttama svIkAra kiyA gayA hai| 7. apramattasaMyata guNasthAna pramAdoM se mukta aura samatva meM nimagna AtmadazA ko hI apramatta guNasthAna kahate haiN| jisa AtmA meM pUrNataH sajagatA kI sthiti hotI hai, deha meM rahate hue bhI jo dehAtIta bhAva se yukta ho; AtmasvarUpa yA samatva meM ramaNa karatI ho, use apramattasaMyata guNasthAnavartI AtmA kahA jAtA hai / usakA dhyAna kevala apane lakSya kI ora kendrita rahatA hai| phira bhI koI sAdhaka 48 miniTa se adhika dehAtIta bhAva meM sthira nahIM raha pAtA; kyoMki daihika upAdhiyA~ use vicalita kiye binA nahIM rahatIM / ataH isa guNasthAna kA samaya antarmuhUrta se adhika nahIM mAnA gayA hai| saMyamI sAdhaka chaThe aura sAtaveM guNasthAna ke madhya paricAraNa karate rahate haiM / 47 jaba sAdhaka samatvayukta jAgrata avasthA yA dehAtIta bhAva meM adhika kAla taka rahatA hai, to vaha vikAsa kI agrima zreNiyoM kI ora prasthAna kara jAtA hai / anyathA dehabhAva kI jAgrati hone para punaH nIce chaThe guNasthAna meM calA jAtA hai / apramatta saMyata guNasthAna meM sAdhaka samasta pramAda ke avasaroM (jinakI saMkhyA 37,500 mAnI 47 'akasAyamahakkhAyaM jaM saMjalaNodae na taM teNaM / labbhai laddhaM ca puNo bhassai savvaM tadudayammi / / 1247 / / nahu navarimahakhAovaghAiNo saMsacaraNadesaMpi / ghAeMti tANamudaye hoi jao sAiyAraM taM / / 1248 / / ' 156 - vizeSAvazyaka sUtra /

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160 jainadarzana meM samatvayoga kI sAdhanA gaI haiM)48 se bacatA hai| isa guNasthAna meM kisI bhI prakAra kA pramAda prakaTa nahIM hotA hai| kintu jaba bhItara acetana mana meM sattA meM rahI huI kaSAya taraMge uThatI haiM, to ve use dehabhAva meM le jAtI haiN| isa guNasthAna meM cetana mana svasvarUpa meM yA AnandAnubhUti meM nimagna rahatA hai| gommaTasAra meM kahA gayA hai ki jaba krodhAdi saMjvalana kaSAya aura hAsya Adi nokaSAya kA udaya ati manda ho jAtA hai, tabhI apramattasaMyata guNasthAna kI prApti hotI hai| jaise-jaise bhAvoM kI zuddhi bar3hatI jAtI hai, vaise-vaise abhinava zakti niSpanna hotI hai aura sAdhaka samatva ke kAraNa pramAda ko apane para hAvI nahIM hone detA hai| 8. apUrvakaraNa (nivRttikaraNa) guNasthAna samyak prakAra se samatva se yukta sAdhaka aisI apUrva sthiti ko prApta karatA hai, jo kabhI pUrva meM prApta nahIM huii| aise apUrva adhyavasAyoM yA Atmazakti kA honA apUrvakaraNa kahA jAtA hai| isakA dUsarA nAma 'nivRtti bAdara guNasthAna' arthAt yaha sthUla (bAdara) kaSAyoM se nivRtti kA guNasthAna hai| isa guNasthAna meM utkarSa bhAvoM kA prAdurbhAva hotA hai| sAdhanA kI isa bhUmikA meM praveza karane para jIvoM ke pariNAma prati samaya apUrva-apUrva hote haiN| isa avasthA meM Atmazakti vikasita ho jAtI hai aura karmAvaraNa atyanta halkA ho jAtA hai| yaha AdhyAtmika sAdhanA kI viziSTa avasthA hai| isameM anantAnubandhI, apratyAkhyAnI aura pratyAkhyAnI kaSAyoM kI tInoM caukar3iyoM kA upazama yA kSaya kara diyA jAtA hai tathA saMjvalana kI caukar3I arthAt saMjvalana krodha, mAna Adi kA bhI kSaya yA upazama karane kA prayatna rahatA hai| isa prakAra sAdhaka ina sabase Upara uThakara pUrvabaddha karmoM kA tIvratA se kSaya karatA hai aura navIna karmoM kA bandha bhI alpa mAtrA 48 '25 vikathAeM, 25 kaSAya aura nau kaSAya, 6 mana sahita pAMcoM indriyA~, 5 nidrAM, 2 rAga aura dveSa', ina sabake guNanaphala se yaha 37,500 kI saMkhyA banatI hai / 46 'saMjjaNaNokasAyANudao maMdo jadA tadA hodi / ___ apamattaguNo teNa ya apamatto saMjado hodi / / 45 / / ' -gommaTasAra (jIvakANDa) /

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samatvayoga : sAdhaka, sAdhya aura sAdhanA 161 meM hI karatA hai| AThaveM guNasthAna meM kSapaka zreNI vAlA sAdhaka mohanIyakarma kA kSaya karate hue nauveM evaM dasaveM guNasthAna se hotA huA sIdhe bArahaveM guNasthAna ko prApta karatA hai| vaha Atma-svarUpa se adhaHpatana to nahIM karatA, balki Age vikAsa karatA huA pUrNa samatva kI sthiti ko prApta kara letA hai| AThaveM guNasthAna meM vartamAna jIva nimna pAMca kriyAeM karatA hai: 1. sthitighAta : karmoM kI dIrghakAlIna sthiti ko aparivartanAkaraNa ke dvArA kama kara dene kA sthitighAta kahate hai| rasaghAta : bandhe hue karmoM ke phala dene kI tIvra zakti ko apavartanAkaraNa ke dvArA alpa kara denA rasaghAta hai| 3. guNazreNI : jina karmadalikoM kA sthitighAta kiyA gayA thA, unheM samaya ke krama meM antarmuhUrta meM sthApita kara denA guNazreNI hai| 4. guNasaMkramaNa : pahale bandhI huI azubha prakRtiyoM ko vartamAna meM bandha rahI zubha prakRtiyoM meM sthAnAntarita kara denA arthAt pariNata kara denA guNasaMkramaNa hai| . 5. apUrvasthitibandha : pUrva kI apekSA atyanta alpa sthiti ke karmoM kA bandha karanA apUrvasthitibandha hai| AtmA ina prakriyAoM ke dvArA pUrvabaddha karmadalikoM kA tIvra vega se kSaya yA upazama karane lagatI hai| yaha prakriyA apUrva hone se isa guNasthAna kA nAma bhI apUrvakaraNa guNasthAna hai| yadyapi sthitighAta Adi ghaTanAe~ anya guNasthAnoM meM bhI ghaTita hotI haiM, phira bhI isa guNasthAna meM ve apUrva hotI haiM, kyoMki pUrva kI apekSA se adhika zuddhi hotI hai| isa avasthA meM sAdhaka mukti ko apanA adhikAra mAna letA hai| guNasthAna siddhAnta meM prathama sAta guNasthAnoM meM karma kI pradhAnatA hotI hai aura antima sAta guNasthAnoM arthAt AThaveM se caudahaveM guNasthAna taka puruSArtha kA prAdhAnya hai| dUsare zabdoM meM pUrva ke sAta guNasthAnoM meM AtmA para karma zAsana karate haiM, lekina AThaveM guNasthAna se AtmA svayaM karmoM 50 guNasthAna siddhAnta : eka vizleSaNa pR. 62 /

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162 jainadarzana meM samatvayoga kI sAdhanA para zAsana karatI hai| sAtaveM guNasthAna taka AtmA vAsanAoM evaM kaSAyoM se yukta hone ke kAraNa vaha svazakti kA upayoga nahIM kara sakatI, lekina isa guNasthAna meM Ate hI sthiti meM parivartana ho jAtA hai| isa guNasthAna meM AtmA apane samatva se yukta hokara krama se uttarottara AdhyAtmika vikAsa karatI hai| 6. anivRttikaraNa (bAdara-samparAya guNasthAna) sthUla kaSAyoM se nivRtti ke adhyavasAya ko anivRtti bAdara guNasthAna kahate haiN| isa guNasthAna meM nirmala adhyavasAyoM se bAdara kaSAyoM kA yA to nAza ho jAtA hai yA unakA upazamana ho jAtA hai| isa guNasthAna ke anta meM krodha, mAna, mAyA aura bAdara lobha tathA strIveda, puruSaveda aura napuMsakaveda ina sAta karma pravRttiyoM kA kSaya yA upazamana hotA hai| pariNAmataH vyakti ke adhyavasAya nirmala ho jAte haiN| yahA~ niSkaSAya aura nirveda avasthA prApta hotI hai| isa guNasthAna meM eka sAtha ArohaNa karanevAle sabhI sAdhakoM ke samAna pariNAma hote haiN| jabaki AThaveM guNasthAna taka sAdhakoM ke pariNAmoM meM vizuddhi kI apekSA se taratamatA hotI hai| isameM prArambha meM sUkSma lobha tathA hAsya, rati, arati, bhaya, zoka aura ghRNA ke bhAva zeSa rahate haiN| phira bhI pUrvavartI avasthAoM kI apekSA uttaravartI avasthA meM kaSAyoM kA aMza nyUna hotA jAtA hai| jaise-jaise kaSAya kA aMza kama hotA jAtA hai, vaise-vaise pariNAmoM meM prati samaya vizuddhatA bar3hatI jAtI hai aura anta meM hAsyaSaTaka kA bhI kSaya ho jAtA hai| isa guNasthAna kI jaghanya aura utkRSTa sthiti antarmuhUrta parimANa hotI hai| eka antarmuhUrta ke jitane samaya hote haiM, utane hI adhyavasAya isa guNasthAna ke hote haiN| kyoMki sabhI jIva samasamayavartI zuddhivAle hote haiN| isameM jitanA kAla hai, utane hI usake pariNAma haiN| isalie pratyeka samaya eka hI pariNAma hote haiN| ataH bhinna samayavartI pariNAmoM meM visadRzatA aura eka samayavartI -jayantasenasUri / 55 'AdhyAtmika vikAsa kI bhUmikAeM aura pUrNatA' pR. 44 / 52 dhavalA 611, bhA. 1/8, sUtra 4, pR. 221 /

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samatvayoga : sAdhaka, sAdhya aura sAdhanA 163 pariNAmoM meM sadRzatA hI hotI hai|53 pariNAmoM ke dvArA karmoM kA vizeSa kSaya hotA hai| nauveM guNasthAna ko prApta karane vAle jIva upazamaka aura kSapaka do prakAra ke hote haiN| upazamaka - jo cAritra mohanIyakarma kA upazamana karate haiN| kSapaka - jo cAritra mohanIyakarma kA kSapaNa (kSaya) karate haiN| jaba sAdhaka mohanIyakarma kA upazamana yA kSaya karatA hai, to isake sAtha anya karmoM kA upazamana aura kSaya svAbhAvika rUpa se hotA hai| 10. sUkSma samparAya guNasthAna isa guNasthAna kA nAma hai sUkSma samparAya gunnsthaan| samparAya kA artha hai lobha / isa guNasthAna meM mAtra sUkSma lobha zeSa raha jAtA hai|5 jaina pAribhASika zabdoM meM mohanIyakarma kI aTThAIsa karma pravRttiyoM meM se sattAIsa karma prakRtiyoM kA kSaya yA upazamana ho jAne para mAtra saMjvalana lobha zeSa rahatA hai, taba sAdhaka isa guNasthAna meM pahu~catA hai| isa guNasthAna ko sUkSma lobha zeSa rahane ke kAraNa hI isakA nAma sUkSma samparAya guNasthAna hai| paMcasaMgraha meM batAyA gayA hai ki jisa prakAra dhule hue gulAbI raMga ke kapar3e meM sUkSma rUpa meM lAlimA kI AbhA raha jAtI hai, usI prakAra isa guNasthAnavI jIva saMjvalana lobha ke sUkSma khaNDoM kA vedana karatA hai ! 6 isa gUNasthAna meM upazama aura kSapaka zreNI vAle donoM prakAra ke jIva hote haiN| upazama zreNI vAlA jIva sUkSma lobha ko upazamita karake gyArahaveM guNasthAna meM pahu~ca jAtA hai aura kSapaka zreNI vAlA . . " 53 'jainendrasiddhAntakoSa', bhAga 2, pR. 14 / 'samprAya kaSAyaH -tattvArthavArtikA 6/1/21 / sUkSmasamprAya sUkSmasaMjvalana lobha : (ka) gommaTasAra TIkA karmakANDa jIva prabodhinI kozavavarNi gA. 3361; (kha) saMskRta paMcasaMgraha 1/43-44 / / 56 (ka) 'sUkSmasamprAya sUkSmasaMjvalana lobhaH, zamaM yatra prapadyate / kSayaM vA saMyataH sUkSmaH, sAmparAyaH sa kathyate / / 43 / / kausummontargato rAgo, yathAvastre tiSThate / sUkSma lobhaguNe lobhaH zodhyamAnastathA tanuH / / 44 / / ' -saMskRta paMcasaMgraha 1 / (kha) 'puvvApuvvaSphaDDaya bAdara suhumaMgayakiTTiyaNubhAgA / hINakamANaMtaguNeNagharAdu varaM ca heTTassa / / 56 / / ' -gommaTasAra (jiivkaanndd)|

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164 jainadarzana meM samatvayoga kI sAdhanA sUkSma lobha kA kSaya karake sIdhA bArahaveM guNasthAna meM calA jAtA hai| yaha apratipAtI bhAvavAlA hone ke kAraNa isakA patana nahIM hotA hai| isa guNasthAna kI jaghanya sthiti eka samaya kI aura utkRSTa antarmuhUrta kI hotI hai| 11. upazAnta moha guNasthAna isa guNasthAna meM jaba sAdhaka kI mohanIyakarma kI sabhI prakRtiyA~ upazAnta rahatI haiM, taba sAdhaka vItarAga samAna ho jAtA hai| yahA~ mohanIyakarma kI sattA to rahatI hai, parantu unakA udaya nahIM hotaa| mohanIyakarma ke upazAnta hone se vItarAgatA hotI hai, kintu jJAna, darzana Adi AtmaguNoM ko AvRtta karane vAle guNoM kA udaya banA rahatA hai| isa kAraNa vItarAgatA hone para bhI vaha alpajJa yA chadmastha hI kahA jAtA hai| cUMki isa guNasthAnavartI AtmAe~ upazamazreNI se Age bar3hatI haiM, ataH mohanIyakarma kA punaH udaya hone para ve vItarAgadazA se patita ho jAtI haiN| jaise rAkha meM dabI huI agni para pavana ke lagate hI rAkha haTa jAtI hai aura agni prajvalita ho jAtI hai, usI prakAra damita vAsanAe~ saMyoga pAkara punaH prajvalita hotI haiM aura sAdhaka isa guNasthAna se gira jAtA hai| isa guNasthAna meM zukladhyAna se mohanIyakarma antarmuhUrta ke liye upazAnta karake AtmA vItarAgatA, nirmalatA aura pavitratA ko prApta kara letI hai| isI kAraNa ise upazAnta moha yA upazAnta kaSAya bhI kahate haiN| kSapaka zreNI se ArohaNa kiye binA sAdhaka ko mokSa upalabdha nahIM ho sktaa| parantu gyArahaveM guNasthAnavartI jIva niyama se upazama zreNI se ArohaNa karanevAlA hotA hai, ataH usakA patana svAbhAvika hai| isa guNasthAna kI kAla-maryAdA jaghanya se eka samaya kI ora utkRSTa antarmuhUrta parimANa kI hotI hai| isa guNasthAna kA samaya pUrNa hone se pUrva hI yadi vyakti mRtyu ko 57 'guNasthAnakamAroha' zloka 73 / 58 (ka) 'adhomale yathA nIte, katake nAmbhe'stu nirmalam / upariSTAttathA zAnta, moho dhyAnena mohane / / (kha) 'kadakaphalajudajalaM vA sarae saravANiyaM va Nimmalae / sayalovasaMtamoho uvasaMtakaSAyao hodi / / 61 / / ' -saMskRta paMcasaMgraha 1/47 / -gommaTasAra (jiivkaaNdd)|

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samatvayoga : sAdhaka, sAdhya aura sAdhanA 165 prApta hotA hai, to vaha anuttaravimAna meM utpanna hotA hai aura agrima guNasthAnoM se patita hokara caturtha avirata samyagdRSTi guNasthAna ko prApta hotA hai; kyoMki devoM ke pAMcaveM Adi agrima guNasthAna nahIM hote haiN| unakA cauthA guNasthAna hotA hai| patana ke samaya bhI vaha krama ke anusAra hI nimna-nimna guNasthAnoM ko prApta karatA hai| isa patana ke kAla meM vaha sAtaveM aura cauthe guNasthAna meM hokara punaH kSAyika zreNI se yAtrA prArambha kara sakatA hai| yadi ina donoM guNasthAnoM meM nahIM rukatA hai, to vaha sIdhA prathama mithyAtva guNasthAna ko prApta hotA hai| 12. kSINa moha guNasthAna isa guNasthAna meM sAdhaka mohakarma kI aTThAIsa hI prakRtiyoM ko pUrNataH kSINa kara detA hai| isI kAraNa isakA nAma kSINa moha guNasthAna hai|6 jo sAdhaka mohakarma kI ina prakRtiyoM kA upazama yA damana karatA hai, vaha gyArahaveM guNasthAna meM pahu~cakara bhI punaH patita ho jAtA hai| vaha bArahaveM guNasthAna meM praveza nahIM karatA hai| kintu jo sAdhaka vAsanAoM evaM AkAMkSAoM ko sampUrNataH kSaya karate hue Age bar3hatA hai, to vaha dasaveM guNasthAna meM rahe hue avaziSTa sUkSma lobha ko kSaya kara sIdhe bArahaveM kSINa moha guNasthAna meM AtA hai| isa guNasthAna meM Ane ke pUrva hI vaha rAga-dveSa-moha tathA tadajanya vAsanAoM aura AkAMkSAoM ko pUrNataH samApta kara detA hai| ataH isa avasthA ko yathAkhyAta cAritra kahate haiM; kyoMki isameM vyakti ke cAritra meM koI bhI doSa nahIM rahatA hai| yaha sva-svarUpa sthiti hai| jaina dharma ke anusAra ina ATha karmoM meM mohakarma hI sabase pradhAna hai| isa mohakarma ke kSaya hone para zeSa karma apane Apa meM hI kSaya ho jAte haiN| isa guNasthAna ke anta meM jJAnAvaraNIya, 56 (ka) 'jidamohassa du jaiyA khINo moho havijja sAhussa / taiyA hu khINamoho bhaNNadi so NicchayavidUhiM / / 33 / / ' -samayasAra / (kha) dravyasaMgraha TIkA gAthA 13 / (ga) 'NissesakhINamoho phalihAmalabhAyaNudaya samacitto / khINakasAo bhaNNadi NiggaMtho vIyarAyehiM / / 62 / / -gommaTasAra (jiivkaaNdd)|

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166 jainadarzana meM samatvayoga kI sAdhanA darzanAvaraNIya aura antarAya ye tInoM ghAtIkarma bhI samApta (kSaya) ho jAte haiM aura AtmA anantajJAna aura anantadarzana se yukta ho vikAsa kI agrima zreNI meM bar3ha jAtI hai| isa guNasthAna meM patana kA koI bhaya nahIM hotaa| sAdhaka uttarottara Age hI bar3hatA hai| isa guNasthAnavI jIva ke bhAva sphaTikamaNi ke nirmala pAtra meM rakhe jala ke samAna pavitra evaM zuddha hote haiN| akalaMkadeva ne tattvArthavArtika meM isa guNasthAna kI bhAvadazA kI spaSTa carcA kI hai| isa guNasthAna kA pUrA nAma kSINa kaSAya vItarAga chamastha guNasthAna hai; kyoMki mohanIyakarma kA sarvathA kSaya hone para bhI zeSa chadma (ghAtIkarma kA AvaraNa) abhI vidyamAna rahatA hai| isa avasthA ko kSINa kaSAya vItarAga chadmastha kahA gayA hai aura usake svarUpa vizeSa ko kSINakaSAya vItarAga-chaTyastha guNasthAna kahA gayA hai|60 kSapaka zreNI vAle sAdhaka hI isa guNasthAna ko prApta karate haiM aura yahA~ se agrima caraNa meM sayogI kevalI guNasthAna ko prApta karate haiN| isa bArahaveM guNasthAna ko tIna nAmoM se sambodhita kiyA gayA hai : 1. kSINa kaSAya; 3. vItarAga; aura 3. chttysth| ye tInoM vyAvartaka vizeSaNa haiM, kyoMki kSINa kaSAya nAmaka vizeSaNa ke abhAva meM vItarAga chyastha se bArahaveM guNasthAna ke sivAya gyArahaveM guNasthAna kA bodha hotA hai| kyoMki gyArahaveM guNasthAna meM kaSAya kSINa nahIM hote, kintu upazAnta mAtra hote haiN| bArahaveM guNasthAna kI jaghanya aura utkRSTa kAlasthiti antarmuhUrta parimANa hai aura isa guNasthAna meM vartamAna jIva kSapaka zreNI vAle hI hote haiN| 13. sayogI kevalI guNasthAna dasaveM guNasthAna meM mohanIyakarma aura bArahaveM guNasthAna meM jJAnAvaraNa, darzanAvaraNa aura antarAya - isa prakAra cAroM ghAtI karmoM kA kSaya karake sAdhaka kevalajJAna aura kevaladarzana prApta kara isa guNasthAna ko prApta karate haiN| lekina isa guNasthAna meM cAra aghAtI karma arthAt Ayu, nAma, gotra aura vedanIya zeSa rahate haiN| 6deg dhavalA 1/1/1e sUtra 20, pR. 186 /

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samatvayoga : sAdhaka, sAdhya aura sAdhanA 167 isa kAraNa AtmA deha se apane sambandha kA parityAga nahIM kara pAtI hai| isa guNasthAna meM bandhana ke mithyAtva, avirati, kaSAya, pramAda aura yoga ina pAMca kAraNoM meM se yoga ke atirikta zeSa cAra kAraNa samApta ho jAte haiN| kintu AtmA kA zarIra ke sAtha sambandha rahane ke kAraNa mana, vacana aura kAyA kI yoga pravRtti hotI hai| ataH mana, vacana aura kAya ke sAdhanoM ke anusAra yoga ke tIna bheda hote haiM : 1. manoyoga; 2. vacanayoga; aura 3. kaayyog| ina yogoM ke kAraNa bandhana to hotA hai, lekina kaSAyoM ke abhAva meM usakA TikAva nahIM hotaa| prathama kSaNa meM bandha hotA hai, dUsare kSaNa meM karmoM kA vipAka hotA hai aura tIsare kSaNa meM ve karma paramANu khira jAte (nirjarita hote haiN| isa guNasthAna meM yogoM ke kAraNa honevAle bandhana aura vipAka, yaha prakriyA kevala aupacArika mAnI jAtI hai| kyoMki isameM sthiti aura rasa kA abhAva hotA hai| yogoM ke astittva ke kAraNa isa sthiti ko sayogI kevalI guNasthAna kahA gayA hai| yaha avasthA sAdhaka aura siddha ke bIca kI avasthA hai| isa guNasthAnavartI sAdhaka ko jainadarzana ke anusAra arhata, sarvajJa evaM kevalI kahA jAtA hai| sayogI kevalI meM yadi koI tIrthaMkara ho to ve tIrtha kI sthApanA karate haiM aura dezanA dekara tIrtha kA pravartana karate haiN| isa guNasthAna kA kAla jaghanya se antarmuhUrta aura utkRSTa kucha kama karor3a pUrva varSa taka kA hai| 14. ayogI kevalI guNasthAna jo kevalI bhagavAna yogoM se rahita haiM, ve ayogI kevalI kahalAte haiN| jaba sayogI kevalI mana, vacana aura kAyA ke yogoM kA nirodha kara yoga rahita hokara zuddha AtmasvarUpa ko prApta kara lete haiM, taba unheM ayogI kevalI aura unakI avasthA vizeSa ko ayogI kevalI guNasthAna kahate haiN| 61 (ka) 'pradAhA ghAtikarmANi, zukladhyAna kRzAnunA / ayogo yAti zailezomokSalakSmI nirAstravaH / / ' (kha) 'sIlesiM saMpatto nirUddhaNisseAsao jIvo / kammarayavippamukko gayajogo kevalI hodi / / 65 / / ' -saMskRta paMcasaMgraha 1/50 / -gommaTasAra (jiivkaaNdd)|

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168 jainadarzana meM samatvayoga kI sAdhanA sayogI kevalI guNasthAna meM AtmA dvArA pUrNatA prApta kara lene para bhI usakA zarIra ke sAtha sambandha banA rahatA hai| jahA~ zarIra hai, vahA~ zArIrika anubhUtiyoM (vedanA) kA honA nizcita hai| ataH puruSArtha ke dvArA inameM parivartana karanA sambhava nahIM hotaa| jIvanamukta AtmA una zArIrika upAdhiyoM kI samApti ko nikaTa dekhatI hai, to zeSa karmoM arthAt nAma, gotra aura vedanIya karmoM kI sthiti yadi Ayukarma se adhika ho to use samAna karane ke liye prathama kevalI samudghAta karatI hai aura usake pazcAt sUkSmakriyA pratipAtIzukla dhyAna dvArA kevalI paramAtmA kI AtmA sumerUparvata ke samAna niSprakampa sthiti kI upalabdhi karake zarIra kA tyAga kara sva-svarUpa meM adhiSThita ho jAtI hai aura isa prakAra nirupAdhika siddhi yA mukti ko prApta kara letI hai| vahA~ parama vizuddhi, pUrNatA, kRta-kRtyatA tathA avyAbAdha Ananda kI sthiti hotI hai| jJAnasAra meM isa ayogI kevalI guNasthAna kA varNana karate hue kahA gayA hai ki tyAga parAyaNa sAdhaka ko anta meM sabhI yogoM kA tyAga karanA hotA hai| megha-zUnya gagana meM camakate hue candra kI taraha yaha guNasthAnavartI AtmA apane sampUrNa zuddha svarUpa meM sthita hotI hai| isI guNasthAna meM cAritrika vikAsa aura svarUpa-sthiratA kI carama sthiti hotI hai| isa guNasthAna kA sthitikAla atyanta alpa hotA hai| jitanA samaya pAMca hasva svaroM a, i, u, R, lU ko madhyama svara se uccAraNa karane meM lagatA hai, utane hI samaya taka AtmA isa guNasthAna meM rahatI hai| phira mana, vacana aura kAyA kI samasta ceSTAoM kA nirodha kara zailezI avasthA prApta kara deha kA tyAga kara siddhAvasthA ko prApta ho jAtI hai| lekina SaTUkhaNDAgama kI dhavalA TIkA meM vIrasena ne batAyA hai ki jisake mana, vacana, kAya rUpa yoga nahIM hotA hai, vaha ayogIkevalI kahalAtA hai aura jo yoga rahita kevalI evaM jina hotA hai, vaha ayogIkevalIjina kahalAtA hai|63 gommaTasAra (jIvakANDa) meM bhI kahA hai ki jisake 62 'na vidyate yogo yasya sa bhavatyogaH kevalamasyAstIti kevalI / yogazcAsau kevalI ca ayogI kevalI // ' dhavalA 1/1/1, sUtra 22, pR. 162 / 63 (ka) gommaTasAra jIvakANDa mandaprabodhinI TIkA gAthA 65 / (kha) jIvaprabodhinI TIkA gAthA 10 /

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samatvayoga : sAdhaka, sAdhya aura sAdhanA karmoM ke Agamana kA Asrava rUpI dvAra pUrNa rUpa se banda ho gayA ho arthAt sampUrNa saMvara se yukta ho aura tapAdi ke dvArA jisake samasta karmoM kI nirjarA ho gaI ho, aisA kAyayoga rahita kevalI ayogI kevalI kahalAtA hai / 4 64 isa prakAra uparyukta caudaha guNasthAnoM ke saMkSipta vivecana se spaSTa hotA hai ki AtmA uttarottara apanI vAsanAoM aura kaSAyoM para vijaya prApta karatI huI caudahaveM guNasthAna meM apane Ayukarma kA kSaya karake siddha aura mukta kahalAtI hai / vaha cAra ghAtI aura cAra aghAtI karmoM kA sampUrNa kSaya karake anta meM mokSasukha ko prApta kara letI hai I vaha vibhAvadazA kA tyAga kara svabhAvadazA meM avasthita ho jAtI hai aura bAhya se bhinna hokara antara se abhinna ho jAtI hai| ye caudaha guNasthAna uttarottara samatva ke vikAsa yA zuddhi ke sUcaka haiM / vyakti isa eka-eka sopAna ko prApta karatA huA yA samatva meM adhiSThita hotA huA antima sIr3hI mokSa ko prApta kara letA hai, jahA~ acintya avyAbAdha Ananda kI kevala anubhUti hotI hai| 3. 5 samatvayoga aura sAmAyika jainadarzana meM samatvayoga kI sAdhanA ko sAmAyika kI sAdhanA ke rUpa meM jAnA jAtA hai / ataH samatvayoga kI isa carcA meM sAmAyika kI carcA apekSita hai / 166 jaina Agama sAhitya meM samatvayoga yA sAmAyika ko mokSa prApti kA pramukha aMga mAnA hai / sAmAyika meM samabhAva yA samatA kI vRtti hI mukhya hai / vastutaH sAmAyika samatvayoga yA samatvavRtti kI sAdhanA ko sAdhaka jIvana kA anivArya tattva mAnA gayA hai / samatva kI sAdhanA ke do pakSa haiM pApamUlaka) pravRttiyoM kA 64 'sIlesiM saMpatto, nirUddhaNissesaAsao jIvo / kammarayavippamukko gayajogo kevalI hodi / 65 'virado savvasAvajje tigutto pihidiMdio / tassa sAmAigaM ThAi idi kevalisAsaNe / / 125 / / ' bAhya rUpa meM vaha sAvadya ( hiMsaka yA tyAga hai, 65 to Antarika rUpa meM vaha - gommaTasAra jIvakANDa gAthA 65 / - niyamasAra /

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jainadarzana meM samatvayoga kI sAdhanA sukhaHduHkha, lAbha-alAbha, mAna-apamAna Adi anukUla-pratikUla paristhitiyoM meM samabhAva rakhanA hai / 66 yaha cittavRttiyoM ke avicalana kI avasthA hai / bAhya vyavahAra kI dRSTi se sabhI prANiyoM ke prati Atmavat dRSTi aura AdhyAtmika AdhAra para anukUla aura pratikUla paristhitiyoM meM rAga-dveSa se Upara uThakara cittavRtti kA avicalita yA tanAvamukta rahanA hI samatvayoga yA sAmAyika hai / vastutaH yaha AtmaramaNa yA sAkSAtkAra kI sthiti hai aura pApakarma se virati hai / sAmAyika kI sAdhanA samatvavRtti rUpa pAvana gaMgA meM avagAhana karanA hai / 170 sAmAyika kA mUla zabda sama hai, usa sama yA samatva kI prApti hI sAmAyika hai sAmAyika zabda ke vibhinna artha lAbha / sama+Aya = saMskRta bhASA meM 'Aya' kA artha hai samAya arthAt jisase sam kA lAbha ho vaha samAya hai / isameM 'ika' pratyaya jor3ane se prathama varNa 'sa' meM rahA 'a' svara dIrgha ho jAtA hai / = sabhI AtmAoM ke prati samabhAva yA tulyatA kA bhAva hI sAmAyika athavA samatva hai / isa prakAra sam + Aya+ika sAmAyika zabda niSpanna hotA hai arthAt jisase sam kA lAbha hotA hai, vaha sAmAyika hai / 'samAya' yA 'sAmAya' pada ke sAtha 'ikaNa' pratyaya lagAne se bhI sAmAyika zabda kI niSpatti mAnI jAtI hai / samaya arthAt kAla, samaya + ika sAmAyika jo kArya nizcita samaya para hotA hai, use sAmAyika kahA jAtA hai / 'sam' upasargapUrvaka 'gati' arthavAlI 'in' dhAtu se 'samaya' zabda banatA hai| sam kA artha ekIbhAva hai aura aya kA artha gamana hai| jo ekIbhAva ke dvArA bAhya pariNati se vApasa mur3akara AtmA kI aura gamana karatA hai, use samaya kahate haiM / samaya kA bhAva sAmAyika hotA hai / 67 67 66 'lAbhAlAbhe suhe dukkhe, jIvie maraNe tahA / samo nindApasaMsAsu, tahA mANAvamANao / / 61 / / ' sarvArthasiddhi 7/11 / = - - uttarAdhyayanasUtra adhyayana 16 /

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samatvayoga : sAdhaka, sAdhya aura sAdhanA 171 gommaTasAra meM sAmAyika kA artha isa prakAra se milatA hai : 'sama+Aya' - sama kA artha hai AtmabhAva (ekIbhAva) aura Aya kA artha hai gmn| jisake dvArA bAhya pravRttiyoM se arthAt para-pariNati se nivRtta hokara Atma-pariNati (antarmukhatA) kI ora jAyA jAtA hai, vahI sAmAyika hai| sAmAyika koI rUr3hivAdI kriyA nahIM, apitu samatA ke samudra meM avagAhana karanA hai|68 yahI AtmAnubhUti kI prakriyA hai| rAga-dveSa evaM viSaya vikAra rUpI kAluSya ko AtmA se alaga kara use vizuddha banAnA hI sAmAyika yA samatvayoga kI sAdhanA hai| saMkSipta rUpa meM sAmAyika eka ora cittavRtti kA samatva hai, to dUsarI ora pApoM se rahita honA hai| azubha se nivRtta hokara zubha meM praveza pAnA aura zubha se zuddha Atmatattva kI upalabdhi kara samabhAva meM sthira honA hI sAmAyika hai|66 sAmAyika kA zabdArtha sAmAyika zabda kA artha bar3A hI vilakSaNa hai| sAmAyika zabda kA gambhIra evaM udAra artha bhI isI zabda meM chipA huA hai| prAcIna jainAcAryaM haribhadrasUri evaM malayagiri ne sAmAyika zabda ke vibhinna arthoM kI dRSTi se jo vyAkhyAe~ kI haiM, ve isa prakAra haiM : 1. samAya : 'rAgadveSAntarAlavartitayA madhyasthasya AyaH = lAbhaH samAyaH samAya evaM smaadhikm'| rAgadveSa meM madhyastha rahanA sama hai| ataH sAdhaka ko madhyastha bhAva yA samabhAva kI prApti rUpa jo lAbha hai, vaha sAmAyika haiN| 2. samAni : 'jJAnadarzana cAritrANi, teSu ayanaM = gamanaM samAyaH sa eva saamaayikm'| jJAna darzana aura cAritra mokSa mArga ke sAdhana haiM, unameM ayan arthAt pravRtti karanA sAmAyika hai| 3. 'sarva jIveSu maitrI sAma, sAmno AyaH = lAbhaH samAyaH sa eva sAmAyikam / ' saba jIvoM para maitrIbhAva rakhane ko 'sAma' kahate haiN| ataH sAma kA lAbha jisase ho, vaha sAmAyika hai| 4. 'samaH sAvadyayoga parihAra niravadyayogAnuSThAnarUpa jIva-pariNAmaH 68 gommaTasAra jIvakANDa (TIkA) 368 / 66 dekhiye 'sAmAyikasUtra' pR. 35 /

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172 jainadarzana meM samatvayoga kI sAdhanA tasya AyaH = lAbhaH samAya = sa eva sAmAyikam sAvadhayoga parihAra rUpaM / ' arthAt pApakAryoM kA parityAga aura niravadyayoga arthAt ahiMsA, dayA, samatA, Adi kAryoM kA AcaraNa karanA sAmAyika hai| isI prakAra jIvAtmA kA zuddha svabhAva 'sam' kahalAtA hai| sama kI jisake dvArA prApti ho, vaha sAmAyika hai| 'samyak zabdArthaH samazabdaH samyagayanaM vartanaM samayaH sa eva saamaayikm|' 'sama' zabda kA artha acchA hai aura ayana kA artha AcaraNa hai arthAt jisakA AcaraNa zreSTha ho, vahI sAmAyika hai, samatvayoga hai| 6 'samaye karttavyam saamaayikm|' samaya para jo utkRSTa sAdhanA kI jAtI hai, vaha sAmAyika hai| ucita samaya para karane yogya Avazyaka karttavya ko sAmAyika kahA jAtA hai| yaha antima vyutpatti hameM prati samaya sAmAyika yA samatA meM jIne kI preraNA detI hai| samaya kA eka artha siddhAnta bhI hai arthAt siddhAnta yA Agama meM jise karttavya kahA hai, usakA pAlana karanA sAmAyika hai| isa samatva kI sAdhanA meM koI jAti, mata yA pantha kA bheda nahIM hai| isakI sAdhanA sabhI kara sakate haiN| dharma vizeSa yA kisI vastrabhUSA vizeSa se bhI isakA koI sambandha nahIM hai| bhagavatIsUtra meM kahA gayA hai ki vyakti cAhe gRhastha ho yA zramaNa, strI ho yA puruSa, jaina ho yA ajaina samatvavRtti kI ArAdhanA kara sakatA hai| Avazyakaniyukti meM sAmAyika zabda ke sAma, sama aura samma ye tIna artha milate haiM : 'sAma samaM ca sammaM mii, sAmAiassa egtttthaa| mahura pariNAma sAmaM, samaM tulA, sammaM khIra khaMDa juii||' sAma arthAt zAnti, namratA, madhuratA, samasta jIvoM ke prati maitrI aura AtmatulyatA kA bhaav| sama arthAt samyaktva, madhyasthatA, samatA, prazamatA aura rAga-dveSa se rahita avasthA athavA tulA (tarAju) jaisA sama prinnaam| samma arthAt sarvatra tulya vyavahAra, dUdha aura zakkara jaisA AtmA ke sAtha eka rUpa ho jAne kA prinnaam| nirukta vidhi meM isI sAma, sama, samma kA artha isa prakAra se 70 bhagavatIsUtra 25/7/21-23

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samatvayoga : sAdhaka, sAdhya aura sAdhanA 173 kiyA gayA hai : sAma : 'sva' AtmA kI taraha 'para' ko duHkha nahIM denaa| sama : rAga-dveSa janaka prasaMgoM meM bhI madhyastha rahanA arthAt sabhI ke sAtha AtmA ke tulya vyavahAra krnaa| samma : ekarUpatA kA vyvhaar| ye tInoM AtmA ke atIndriya pariNAma haiM, kevala anubhavagamya haiN| sAma, sama aura samma pariNAmoM ko (sUta ke dhAge meM motI pirone kI taraha) AtmA meM ekIbhAva se pirokara una bhAvoM ko prakaTa karanA sAmAyika hai| SaDAvazyaka aura samatvayoga kI sAdhanA samatvayoga kI sAdhanA ko jaina dharma meM SaDAvazyakoM kI sAdhanA ke rUpa meM mAnA jA sakatA hai| vedoM meM saMdhyA, musalamAnoM ke liye namAja aura yogiyoM ke anusAra prANAyAma kI taraha hI jainiyoM ke liye SaDAvazyakoM kI sAdhanA apekSita hai| yaha itanI vyApaka hai ki isameM yama-niyama athavA jJAna, bhakti aura karma jaise sAdhanA ke sabhI AyAma samAviSTa ho jAte haiN| viSamatA meM samatA, avyavasthA meM vyavasthA aura jIvana meM maitrI tathA karuNA kI sthApanA karane ke liye SaDAvazyakoM kI sAdhanA Avazyaka hai| SaDAvazyakoM kI sAdhanA vastutaH sAmAyika yA samatvayoga kI sAdhanA hI hai|' Avazyakaniyukti meM kahA gayA hai :72 "sAmAiyAiyA vA vayajIvAni kAya bhAvaNA pddhmN| eso dhammo vAo jiNehiM savvehiM uvittttho||' arthAt jinopadIya dharma meM sAmAyika kA sthAna sarvaprathama hai| 71 (ka) sAmAyikasUtra. 33 / (kha) 'samatA vaMdana yuti karana, paDakaunA sajjhA va / kAussaga mudrA gharana, SaDAvasika ye bhavA' / / ' ' 'sAmAiyAiyA vA vayajIvANikAya bhAvanA par3hamaM / eso dhammovAo savvehiM uvaiTTho / / ' samayasAra nATaka ! Avazyakaniyukti 27 /

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174 jainadarzana meM samatvayoga kI sAdhanA jaina dharma kI dhArmika kriyAoM meM chaH Avazyaka mukhyataH AtmA ko vizuddha karane ke liye haiN| Atmavizuddhi rAga-dveSa aura tadjanya kaSAyoM ko kSINa yA samApta karane para hI hotI haiN| sAmAyika Adi SaDAvazyakoM kI sAdhanA rAga-dveSa aura kaSAyoM para vijaya prApta karane ke liye hai| ataH samatvayoga kI sAdhanA SaDAvazyakoM kI sAdhanA hai| Avazyaka zabda ke aneka artha haiM : 1. 'avazyaM karaNAd aavshykm|' jo avazya kiyA jAya, vaha Avazyaka hai| 2. 'apAzrayo vA idaM guNanAm prAkRtazailyA aavssyN|' prAkRta bhASA meM AdhAra vAcaka 'ApAzraya' zabda bhI 'AssayaM' kahalAtA hai| jo guNoM kI AdhAra bhUmi ho, vaha AvassayaM = ApAzraya hai| saMskRta meM ApAzraya kA prAkRta rUpa bhI Avassaya hotA hai| 3. 'guNAnAM vazyamAtmAnaM krotiiti|' jo AtmA ko durguNoM se haTAkara sadguNoM ke adhIna karatA hai, use bhI Avazyaka kahate haiN| A+vazya = aavshyk| 4. 'guNazunyamAtmAnaM guNairAva samatIti AvAsakam / ' jo AtmA ko jJAnAdi guNoM se AvAsita kare, vahI AvAsakaM hai| prAkRta meM AvAsakaM bhI AvassayaM bana jAtA hai| 5. 'guNairvA AvAsakaM = anurajjakaM vastra dhuupaadivt|' Avassaya kA eka saMskRta rUpa AvAsaka bhI hotA hai| usakA artha anuraMjana karanA hai| jo AtmA ko jJAnAdi guNoM se anuraMjita kare, vaha AvAsaka hai| 6. 'guNairvA AtmAnaM AvAsayaMti = AcchAdayati iti aavaaskm|' 'vas' dhAtu kA artha AcchAdana karanA bhI hotA hai| ataH jo jJAnAdi guNoM ke dvArA AtmA ko AvAsita = AcchAdita kare, vaha AvAsaka hai| jaba AtmA jJAnAdi guNoM se AcchAdita rahegI, to durguNa-rUpa dhUla AtmA para nahIM pdd'egii| saMskRta ke AvAsaka kA prAkRta rUpa Avassaya banatA hai| anuyogadvArasUtra ke anusAra SaDAvazyaka gRhastha aura zramaNa 73 'samaNeNa sAvaeNa ya avassa kAyavvayaM havai jamhA / anto aho-nisissa ya tamhA AvassayaM nAma / / 873 / / ' -vizeSAvazyakabhASya /

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samatvayoga : sAdhaka, sAdhya aura sAdhanA donoM ke liye Avazyaka mAne gaye haiM / 74 paryAyavAcI nAma bhI batAye gae haiN| ve isa prakAra haiM : 1. 'avazya kriyate Avazyakam / ' Avazyaka kahalAte haiM / 74 2. 'avazyakaraNIya / ' mumukSu sAdhakoM ke dvArA niyamena anuSTheya hone ke kAraNa avazya karaNIya hai / 3. 'dhruvanigraha' - anAdi hone ke kAraNa karmoM ko dhruva kahate haiM / karmoM ke phala janma - jarA - maraNAdi bhI anAdi haiM / ataH ve bhI dhruva kahalAte haiN| jo anAdi karma aura karma-phala svarUpa saMsAra kA nigraha karatA hai, vaha dhruvanigraha hai / 4. 'vizodhi / ' karma se malina AtmA kI vizuddhi hetu hone se Avazyaka vizodhi kahalAtA hai / - 5. 'adhyayana SaTkavarga / ' AvazyakasUtra ke samAyikAdi chaH adhyayana haiN| ataH vaha adhyayana SaTrakavarga hai / 6. 'nyAya / ' abhISTa artha kI siddhi kA samyak upAya hone se athavA AtmA aura karma ke anAdikAlIna sambandha kA apanayana karane ke kAraNa hI vaha nyAya kahalAtA hai / 7. 'ArAdhanA / ' 8. ArAdhya mokSa kA hetu hone se ArAdhanA hai / 'mArga / ' mokSapura kA prApaka hone se mArga hai| mArga kA artha upAya bhI hai|75 - 175 GR usameM Avazyaka ke avazya karane yogya kArya SaDAvazyakoM kI mahattA spaSTa karate hue paNDita sukhalAlajI bhI kahate haiM ki jina tattvoM ke hone se hI manuSya kA jIvana anya prANiyoM ke jIvana se ucca samajhA jAtA hai aura anta meM vikAsa kI parAkASThA taka pahu~ca jAtA hai, ve tattva ye haiM 76 1. samabhAva arthAt zuddha zraddhA, jJAna aura cAritra kA sammizraNa; 2. jIvana ko vizuddha banAne ke liye vItarAga paramAtmA kA guNagAna; 3. guNavAnoM kA bahumAna evaM vinaya karanA; 4. karttavya kI smRti tathA karttavya pAlana meM hone vAlI galatiyoM kA 'AvassayaM avassa-karaNijjaMdhruvaniggaho visohI ya / ajjhayaNa-chakkavaggo, nAo ArAhaNa maggo || 1 /28 / / / ' - anuyogadvArasUtra (uddhRt zramaNasUtra ) / 75 'jadavassaM kAyavvaM teNAvassayamidaM guNANaM vA / AvAsayamAharo A majjAyAbhivihivAI / / 172 / / ' vizeSAvazyakabhASya | 76 ' darzana aura cintana' khaNDa 2, pR. 183-84 /

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176 hai 77 I chaH AvazyakoM kA vistRta vivecana DaoN. sAgaramala jaina ne 'jaina, bauddha aura gItA ke AcAra darzana kA tulanAtmaka adhyayana' ( bhAga 2 pR. 362-407 ) meM vistRta rUpa se kiyA hai / hama usI ke AdhAra para isa carcA ko saMkSepa meM prastuta kara rahe haiM : jainadarzana meM samatvayoga kI sAdhanA avalokana karake niSkapaTa bhAva se unakA saMzodhana karanA aura punaH vaisI galatiyAM na hoM, isake liye AtmA ko jAgrata 1. sAmAyika : 1 78 SaDAvazyakoM meM sAmAyika ko sarvoparI sthAna diyA gayA hai sAmAyika samatvavRtti kI sAdhanA hai / dharma meM samatva kI sAdhanA ko sAdhanAtmaka jIvana kA anivArya tattva mAnA gayA hai / samatva kI sAdhanA ke do pakSa haiM bAhya rUpa meM vaha sAvadya ( hiMsaka ) pravRttiyoM kA tyAga hai; to Antarika rUpa meM vaha sabhI prANiyoM ke prati AtmabhAva ` (sarvatra Atmavat pravRtti) tathA sukha-duHkha, jIvana-maraNa, lAbha-alAbha, nindA - prazaMsA meM samabhAva rakhanA hai| lekina donoM pakSoM se bhI Upara vaha vizuddha rUpa meM AtmaramaNa yA Atma-sAkSAtkAra kA prayatna hai| sam kA artha samatAbhAva aura aya kA artha hai gamana / jisake dvArA para pariNati se Atma-pariNati kI 76 rakhanA; 5. dhyAna kA abhyAsa karake pratyeka vastu ke svarUpa ko yathArtha rIti se samajhane ke liye viveka zakti kA vikAsa karanA; aura 6. tyAgavRtti dvArA santoSa va sahanazIlatA bar3hAnA / guNoM meM vRddhi tathA prApta guNoM kI zuddhi tathA unase skhalita na hone ke liye Avazyaka kriyA kA AcaraNa atyanta upayogI hai / 77 yahI vaha prakriyA hai jisase jIvana meM samatA kI upalabdhi hotI to 'jJAnasAra' kriyASTaka 5-7 / 78 'virado savvasAvajje tigutto pahididio / tassa sAmAigaM ThAi idi kevalisAsaNe / / 125 / / ' -niyamasAra 125 (uddhRta zramaNa sUtra pR. 63) / Avazyakaniyukti 1032 / uttarAdhyayanasUtra 16/60-61 /

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samatvayoga : sAdhaka, sAdhya aura sAdhanA 177 ora jAyA jAtA hai, vahI sAmAyika hai| sAmAyika samabhAva kI sAdhanA hai| rAga-dveSa ke prasaMgoM meM madhyastha rahanA hI sAmAyika hai|" sAmAyika koI rUr3ha kriyA nahIM, vaha to samatva vRtti rUpa pAvana Atma gaMgA meM avagAhana hai, jo samagra rAga-dveSa janya kaluSa ko AtmA se alaga kara mAnava ko vizuddha banAtI hai| saMkSepa meM sAmAyika eka ora cittavRtti kA samatva hai, to dUsarI ora pApa virati hai| yaha sAmAyika samasta dharma-kriyAoM, sAdhanAoM, upAsanAoM evaM sadAcaraNoM ke lie bhI usI prakAra AdhArabhUta hai, jisa prakAra ki AkAza aura pRthvI carAcara prANiyoM ke lie AdhArabhUta hai| nAma, sthApanA, dravya, kAla, kSetra aura bhAva yukta nimna 6 bhedoM se sAmya bhAvarUpa sAmAyika dhAraNa kI jAtI hai : 1. nAma sAmAyika : sAmAyikadhArI AtmA zubhAzubha nAmoM ke prayoga para stuti, nindA Adi nahIM krtaa| vaha yahI vicAratA hai ki AtmA to zabda kI sImA se atIta hai| 2. sthApanA sAmAyika : asalI vastu kI pratikRti, mUrti yA citra ho, use dekhakara rAga-dveSa nahIM karanA - vaha sthApanA sAmAyika 3. dravya sAmAyika : cAhe svarNa ho yA miTTI ho, ina sabhI padArthoM meM samadarzI bhAva rakhanA dravya sAmAyika hai| AtmA kI dRSTi se to svarNa bhI miTTI hai aura miTTI bhI miTTI hI hai| hIrA aura kaMkara donoM hI jar3a padArtha kI dRSTi se samAna hI haiN| 4. kSetra sAmAyika : cAhe koI sundara bagIcA ho yA kA~ToM se bharI huI baMjara bhUmi - donoM meM samabhAva rakhanA aura yahI vicAra karanA ki merA nivAsa sthAna merI AtmA hI hai| vaha kSetra sAmAyika hai| 5. kAla sAmAyika : cAhe varSA ho, zIta ho, garmI ho athavA anukUla vAyu se suhAvanI vasanta Rtu ho yA bhayaMkara AMdhI ho - ye saba pudgala ke vikAra haiN| merA to ina saba se sparza nahIM ho sktaa| maiM amUrta hU~, arUpa huuN| isa prakAra anukUla-pratikUla paristhitiyoM meM samabhAva rakhanA - vaha kAla " gommaTasAra jIvakANDa (TIkA) 368 / zramaNasUtra pR. 70-72 / -amaramuni /

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178 jainadarzana meM samatvayoga kI sAdhanA sAmAyika hai| 6. bhAva sAmAyika : samasta jIvoM para maitrIbhAva dhAraNa karanA, kisI bhI paristhiti meM kisI prakAra kA vaira-virodha nahIM rakhanA - bhAva sAmAyika hai|83 isI prakAra buddha, zuddha aura mukta svarUpa meM rahI huI AtmA hI sAmAyika hai| sAmAyika kI sAdhanA bahuta U~cI hai| AtmA kA pUrNa vikAsa sAmAyika ke binA sarvathA asambhava hai| dharma-kSetra kI jitanI bhI anya sAdhanAe~ haiM, una sabakA mUla sAmAyika hI hai| __ samatva-vRtti kI yaha sAdhanA sabhI varga, sabhI jAti aura sabhI dharma vAle kara sakate haiN| kisI vezabhUSA aura dharma-vizeSa se usakA koI sambandha nahIM hai| bhagavatIsUtra meM kahA gayA hai ki koI bhI manuSya cAhe gRhastha ho yA zramaNa, jaina ho yA ajaina, samatva-vRtti kI ArAdhanA kara sakatA hai| vastutaH jo samatva vRtti kI sAdhanA karatA hai vaha jaina hI hai, cAhe vaha kisI jAti, varga yA dharma kA kyoM na ho| AcArya haribhadra kahate haiM ki cAhe zvetAmbara ho yA digambara, bauddha ho yA anya koI, jo bhI samatvavRtti kA AcaraNa karegA, vaha mokSa prApta karegA, isameM sandeha nahIM hai|5|| samatvayoga kI sAdhanA ke liye sAmAyika sAdhanA kI jIvana meM nitAnta AvazyakatA hai| isa patha kI ora apanA nirantara lakSya banAye tabhI samatva kI sAdhanA saphala ho sakatI hai| 2. caturviMzatistava (bhakti) : ___yaha dUsarA Avazyaka hai| jaina AcAra ke anusAra caubIsa tIrthaMkara, jo ki svaguNa sampanna haiM aura rAga dveSa se virakta haiM; unakI stuti krnaa| stuti athavA bhakti ke mAdhyama se sAdhaka apane ahaMkAra kA nAza aura sadguNoM ke prati anurAga kI vRddhi karatA hai| tIrthaMkara evaM siddha paramAtmA kisI ko kucha nahIM dete haiN| ve to mAtra saMsAra samudra se pAra hone kA upAya batAte haiN| phira bhI 83 'bhAva sAmAyikaM sarvajIveSu maitrIbhAvo'zubhapariNAmavarjanaM vA / ' 64 bhagavatIsUtra 25/7, 21-23 / 85 'jinavANI' sAmAyika aMka pR. 57 /

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samatvayoga : sAdhaka, sAdhya aura sAdhanA 176 stuti ke mAdhyama se sAdhaka unake guNoM ke prati apanI zraddhA ko sajIva banA letA hai| sAdhaka ke sAmane unakA mahAn Adarza jIvanta rUpa meM upasthita ho jAtA hai| usa samaya sAdhaka yahI cintana karatA hai ki merI AtmA aura tIrthaMkaroM yA vItarAga paramAtmA kI AtmA meM koI antara nahIM hai, ve samAna hI haiN| yadi maiM puruSArtha karUM, to tIrthaMkara ke samAna bana sakatA huuN| mujhe bhI aisA prayatna karanA caahiye| jaina vicArakoM kI yaha spaSTa mAnyatA hai ki kevala tIrthaMkaroM kI stuti karane se mokSa evaM samAdhi kI prApti taba taka nahIM hotI, jaba taka manuSya svayaM usake liye prayAsa na kre| ___ jahAja kA kArya gati karanA hai, usI prakAra sAdhanA kI dizA meM Age bar3hAne kA kArya tIrthaMkaroM kA hai| lekina kevala nAma smaraNa yA bhakti karane se sAdhaka kA nirvANa nahIM ho sktaa| usake liye samyak prayatna kI AvazyakatA hai| DaoN. rAdhAkRSNana ne bhI viSNupurANa evaM bAibila ke AdhAra para isa kathana kI puSTi kI hai| mahAvIra ne kahA hai ki merA nAma smaraNa karane kI apekSA merI AjJA kA pAlana karake jo use AcaraNa meM utAratA hai, vahI yathArthataH merI upAsanA karatA hai| AcArya kundakunda kahate haiM ki rAga-dveSa ke sarva vikalpoM kA parihAra karake bhakti ke dvArA Atmatattva ko mokSa-patha meM yojita karanA hI vAstavika bhaktiyoga hai| RSabhadeva Adi sabhI tIrthaMkara isI bhakti ke dvArA parama pada ko prApta hue haiN| isa prakAra bhakti yA stavana mUlataH Atmabodha hai| jainadarzana meM bhakti ke sacce svarUpa ko spaSTa karate hue upAdhyAya devacandrajI likhate haiM : 'aja-kula-gata-kezarI lahere nija pada siMha nihaar| tima prabhu bhakti bhavi lahere Atama zakti saMbhAra / / ' AvazyakacUrNi (uddhRta zramaNasUtra pR. 80) / 87 viSNupurANa, bAibila jIna 2/6-11 ('bhagavadgItA' -DaoN. rAdhAkRSNana pR. 71 se uddhRta) / e AvazyakavRtti pR. 661-62 / -uddhRta 'anuttarApAtika dazA' bhUmikA pR. 24 / 56 niyamasAra 134-40 / 60 'ajitajina stavana' / -devacandrajI /

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180 jainadarzana meM samatvayoga kI sAdhanA jaina vicAra meM stuti ke do rUpa mAne gaye haiM - dravya aura bhaav| sAttvika vastuoM dvArA tIrthaMkara kI pratimA kI pUjA karanA dravyastava hai aura bhagavAna ke guNoM kA smaraNa karanA bhAvastava hai| jaina dharma ke amUrtipUjaka sampradAya dravyastava ke mahattva ko svIkAra nahIM karate haiN| ve kevala bhAvastava ko hI svIkAra karate haiN| kintu dravyastava ke pIche bhI mUlataH yahI bhAvanA rahI hai ki usake mAdhyama se vyakti apane bhAvoM kI vizuddhi karatA hai| ataH bhAvastava kI mukhyatA to donoM ko hI svIkAra hai| isI bhAvavizuddhi se samatvayoga kI sAdhanA saphala hotI hai| 3. vandana : tIsarA Avazyaka vandana hai| sAdhanAmArga ke patha-pradarzaka gurU ko vinaya karanA vandana hai| vandana kise kiyA jAye? AcArya bhadrabAhu ne spaSTa rUpa se yaha nirdeza diyA hai ki guNahIna evaM durAcArI avaMdya vyakti ko vandana karane se na to karmoM kI nirjarA hotI hai na kIrti hI, pratyut asaMyama aura durAcAra kA anumodana karane se karmoM kA bandha hotA hai| aisA vandana vyartha kA kAya-kleza hai|' AcArya ne yaha bhI nirdeza diyA hai ki jo vyakti apane se zreSThajanoM dvArA vandana karavAtA hai, vaha asaMyama meM vRddhi karake apanA adhaHpatana karatA hai|62 jaina vicAraNA ke anusAra jo cAritra evaM guNoM se sampanna haiM, ve hI vandanIya haiN| dravya (bAhya) aura bhAva (Antara) donoM dRSTiyoM se zuddha saMyamI puruSa hI vandanIya haiN| AcArya bhadrabAhu ne yaha bhI nirdeza diyA hai ki jisa prakAra vahI sikkA grAhya hotA hai, jisakI dhAtu bhI zuddha ho aura mudrAMkana bhI ThIka ho| usI prakAra dravya aura bhAva donoM dRSTiyoM se zuddha vyakti -Avazyakaniyukti / ' 'pAsatthAI vaMdamANassa, nevakiti na nijjarA hoI / / ___ kAya-kilesaM emeva kuNa Itaha kammabaMdhaM ca / / 1108 / / ' 'je baMbhacera-bhaTThA pAe uDDati baMbhayArINaM / te hoMti kuMTa muMTA, bohI ya sudullahAtesiM / / 1106 / / ' 62 -Avazyakaniyukti /

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samatvayoga : sAdhaka, sAdhya aura sAdhanA 181 hI vandana kA adhikArI hotA hai|63 vandana karanevAlA vyakti vinaya ke dvArA lokapriyatA prApta karatA hai|64 bhagavatIsUtra ke anusAra vandana ke phalasvarUpa gurUjanoM ke satsaMga kA lAbha prApta hotA hai| satsaMga se zAstra zravaNa, jJAna-dhyAna, pratyAkhyAna, saMyama, tapa Adi kI aura anta meM siddhi kI upalabdhi ho jAtI hai| __vandana kA mUla uddezya hai, jIvana meM vinaya ko sthAna denaa| vinaya ko jinazAsana kA mUla kahA gayA hai| jIvana meM vinaya guNa Aye binA samatvayoga kI sAdhanA bhI saphala nahIM hotI hai| Avazyakaniyukti meM AcArya bhadrabAhu kahate haiM ki vinIta hI saccA saMyamI arthAt samatvayogI hotA hai| jo vinayazIla nahIM hai, usakA kaisA tapa aura kaisA dharma hai?66 dazavaikAlikasUtra ke anusAra jisa prakAra vRkSa ke mUla se skandha, skandha se zAkhAe~, zAkhAoM se prazAkhAe~ aura krama se patra, puSpa, phala evaM rasa utpanna hote haiM, usI prakAra dharma vRkSa kA mUla vinaya hai aura usakA antima phala evaM rasa mokSa hai| zramaNa sAdhakoM meM dIkSAparyAya ke AdhAra para vandana kiyA jAtA hai| sabhI pUrva-dIkSita paryAyasAdhaka vandanIya hote haiN| jaina aura bauddha donoM paramparAoM meM zramaNa jIvana kI variSThatA aura kaniSThatA hI vandana kA pramukha AdhAra hai| yadyapi jaina paramparA meM kaniSTha bAlaka Aja dIkSA aMgIkAra karatA hai, to bhI variSTha sAdhvI ko use vandana karane kA vidhAna hai; kyoMki puruSa -vhii| -bhagavatIsUtra / 63 'suTutaraM nAsaMtI, appANaM je caritta-pabbhaTThA / gurUjaNa vaMdAvitI, susamaNa ahuttakAriM / / 1138 / / ' 67 uttarAdhyayanasUtra 26/10 / / 65 'savaNe NANe ya viNNANe, paccakkhANe ya saMjame / aNaNahae tave ceva, vodANe akiriyA siddhI / / 2/5/112 / / ' 66 'viNao sAsaNe mUlaM, viNIo saMjao bhave / viNayAu vippamukkassa, kao dhammokao tavo / / 1216 / / ' 'mulAo khaMdhappabhavo dumassa, khaMdhAo pacchA samuveMti sAhA / sAhappasAhA virUhati pattA, tao se puSpaM ca phalaMraso ya / / 1 / / evaM dhammassa viNao mUlaM, paramo se mokkho / jeNa kittiM suyaM sigdhaM, nissesaM cAbhigacchai / / 2 / / ' -vhii| -dazavaikAlikasUtra /

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182 jainadarzana meM samatvayoga kI sAdhanA ko zreSTha mAnA hai| jainAcAryoM ne vandana kriyA ke sambandha meM kAphI gaharAI se vicAra kiyA hai| Avazyakaniyukti meM vandana ke 32 doSa varNita saMkSepa meM itanA hI kahA jA sakatA hai ki vandana karate samaya svArtha, AkAMkSA, bhaya aura anAdara kA bhAva nahIM honA cAhiye, jisase vandana karane meM doSa lge| mana, vacana aura kAyA se gurUjanoM evaM pUjyajanoM ke prati bahumAna prakaTa karanA vandana hai| zAstroM meM vandana ke citikarma, kRtikarma, pUjAkarma Adi paryAyavAcI zabda milate haiN| 4. pratikramaNa pratikramaNa kA matalaba pIche lauTanA hai| pratikramaNa meM do zabda haiN| zabda zAstra kI dRSTi se isakA artha hotA hai, vApasa lauttnaa| mUla sthiti ko prApta karanA pratikramaNa hai| kalikAlasarvajJa hemacandra ne isakI vyutpatti isa prakAra kI hai - 'pratIpaM kramaNaM pratikamaNam ayamarthaH zubhayogebhyo'zubhayogAntaraM krAntasya zubhaSveSa kramaNAt pratIpaM krmnnm|', arthAt pIche lauTanA pratikramaNa hai| azubha yoga se zubha yoga meM vApasa AnA hI pratikramaNa hai| isI artha kA samarthana bhagavatIArAdhanA kI TIkA meM kiyA gayA hai : 'svakRtAzubhayogAtdapratinivRttiH pratikramaNam' arthAt apane dvArA kiye gaye azubha yoga se parAvarta honA - lauTanA arthAt merA aparAdha duSkRta mithyA ho, aisA kahakara pazcAtApa karanA pratikramaNa hai| mana, vacana aura kAyA se jo azubha AcaraNa kiyA jAtA hai athavA dUsaroM ke dvArA karAyA jAtA hai aura dUsare logoM ke dvArA Acarita pApAcaraNa kA jo anumodana kiyA jAtA hai, una sabakI nivRtti ke liye kRtapApoM kI AlocanA kara punaH zubha yA zuddha avasthA meM lauTanA pratikramaNa hai| isa prakAra AcArya hemacandra aura 6 Avazyakaniyukti 1207-11 / -pravacanasArodvAra (vandanAdvAra) /

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samatvayoga : sAdhaka, sAdhya aura sAdhanA 183 aparAjitasUri ne zubhayoga se azubhayoga kI ora gaI huI apanI AtmA ko punaH zubha yoga yA zuddha bhAva meM lauTA lAne ko pratikramaNa mAnA hai| AcArya haribhadrasUri dvArA pratikramaNa kI vyAkhyA meM ina tIna arthoM kA nirdeza kiyA gayA hai : 1. pramAdavaza svasthAna se parasthAna meM jAkara punaH svasthAna para lauTa AnA - yaha pratikramaNa hai arthAt bAhyadRSTi se antardRSTi kI ora AnA pratikramaNa hai| 2. kSayopazamika bhAva se audAyika bhAva meM pariNata huA sAdhaka jaba punaH audAyika bhAva se kSayopazamika bhAva meM lauTa AtA hai -- yaha pratikramaNa hai| 3. azubha AcaraNa se nivRtta hokara mokSaphaladAyaka zubha AcaraNa __ meM niHzalya bhAva se pravRtta honA pratikramaNa hai|00 pratikramaNa ke pAMca prakAra batAye gae haiM : 1. mithyAtva kA pratikramaNa; 2. avrata kA pratikramaNa; 3. pramAda kA pratikramaNa; 4. kaSAya kA pratikramaNa; aura 5. azubha yoga kA prtikrmnn| gommaTasAra meM pratikramaNa kA sundara nirvacana ina zabdoM meM kiyA gayA hai : 'pratikramaNa pramAdakRta daivasikAdidoSo, nirAkriyate aneneti pratikramaNam' arthAt pramAdavaza daivasika rAtrika Adi meM lage hue doSoM kA jisake dvArA nirAkaraNa kiyA jAtA hai, use pratikramaNa kahate haiN| - AcArya bhadrabAhu ne pratikramaNa ke nimna paryAyavAcI nAma diye haiM .101 16 yogazAstra svopajJavRtti 3 / 100 'svasthAnAd yatparasthAnaM, pramAdasya vazAdgataH / tatraiva kramaNaM bhUyaH pratikramaNamucyate / / kSAyopazamikAd bhAvAdaudayikasya vazaM gataH / tatrApi ca evArthaH, pratikUlagamAtsmRtaH / / prati prati vartanaM vA, zebheSu yogeSu mokSaphaleSu / niHzalyasya yateyarthat, tadvA jJeyaM pratikramaNam / / ' -Avazyaka TIkA (uddhRta zramaNasUtra pR.87)| 101 'paDikamaNaM paDiyaraNA, pariharaNA vAraNA niyattIya / nindAgarihA sohI, paDikkamaNaM aTTahA hoI / / 1233 / / ' -Avazyakaniyukti /

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184 jainadarzana meM samatvayoga kI sAdhanA 1. pratikramaNa : 'prati+upasarga 'krama' dhAtu hai| 'prati' kA artha pratikUla hai aura aura 'kramu' kA artha hai pada nikssep| donoM ko milAkara artha pApAcaraNa ke kSetra se pratigAmI hokara Atmazuddhi ke kSetra meM lauTa AnA athavA parasthAna meM gaye hue sAdhaka kA punaH svasthAna meM lauTa AnA hai| AcArya jinadAsa kahate haiM - 'paDikkamaNaM-punarAvRtti'; 2. praticaraNa : hiMsA, asatya Adi se nivRtta hokara ahiMsA, satya evaM saMyama ke kSetra meM agrasara honaa| AcArya jinadAsa kahate haiM - 'atyAdarAt caraNA paDicaraNA akArya-parihAraH kAryapravRttiSca'; 3. pariharaNa : saba prakAra se azubha pravRttiyoM evaM durAcaraNoM kA parityAga karanA; 4. vAraNa : niSiddha AcaraNa kI ora pravRtti nahIM krnaa| bauddha dharma meM pratikramaNa ke samAna kI jAne vAlI kriyA ko pravAraNA kahA gayA hai - 'Atma nivAraNA vAraNA'; 5. nivRtti : azubha bhAvoM se nivRtta honA - 'asubhabhAva-niyattaNaM niyatti'; 6. nindA : gurUjana, variSTha-jana athavA svayaM apanI hI AtmA kI sAkSI se pUrvakRta azubha AcaraNoM ko burA samajhanA tathA usake liye pazcAtApa karanA; 7. gardA : azubha AcaraNa ko garhita samajhanA, usase ghRNA karanA; aura 8. zuddhi : pratikramaNa AlocanA, nindA Adi ke dvArA AtmA para lage doSoM se AtmA ko zuddha banAtA hai| isaliye use zuddhi kahA gayA hai| sthAnAMgasUtra meM ina cha: bAtoM ke pratikramaNa kA nirdeza hai : 1. uccAra pratikramaNa : mala Adi kA visarjana karane ke bAda IryApathika (Ane jAne meM huI jIva hiMsA kA) pratikramaNa karanA uccAra pratikramaNa hai| 2. prazravaNa pratikramaNa : pezAba karane ke bAda IryApathika kriyA karanA prazravaNa pratikramaNa hai| 3. itvara pratikramaNa : svalpakAlIna pratikramaNa karanA itvara pratikramaNa hai| 4. yAvatkathita pratikramaNa : sampUrNa jIvana ke liye pApa se nivRtta

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samatvayoga : sAdhaka, sAdhya aura sAdhanA 185 honA yAvatkathita pratikramaNa hai| yatkiMcinmithyA pratikramaNa : sAvadhAnIpUrvaka jIvana vyatIta karate hue bhI pramAda tathA asAvadhAnI se kisI bhI prakAra asaMyama rUpa AcaraNa ho jAne para tatkAla usa bhUla ko svIkAra kara lenA aura usake prati pazcAtApa karanA yatkiMcinmithyA pratikramaNa hai| 6. svapnAntika pratikramaNa : vikAra-vAsanA rUpa kusvapna dekhane para usake sambandha meM pazcAtApa karanA svapnAntika pratikramaNa hai|02 mithyAtva : tattva ke viparIta zraddhA ko mithyAtva kahate haiM; jaise - zarIra, prANa Adi ko AtmA maannaa| avrata : hiMsA Adi pAMca pApoM kI pravRtti ko avrata kahate haiN| pramAda : viSaya aura kaSAya meM aura AtmA kI parapariNati ko pramAda kahate haiN| kaSAya : AtmA meM rAga-dveSa Adi kI jo pravRtti mohabhAva ke kAraNa hotI hai, use kaSAya kahate haiN| jisase saMsAra kI vRddhi ho, vaha kaSAya haiN| kaS yAni saMsAra, Aya yAni vRddhi| azubha yoga : mana, vacana, kAyA kI sAvadha pravRti ko azubha ___ yoga kahate haiN| pratikramaNa kA nAma AvazyakasUtra arthAt avazya karane yogya kaary| jaise vastra para turanta lagA dAga jaldI nikala jAtA hai; pratidina pAnI ke sIMcana se bAga harA-bharA ho jAtA hai, vaise hI AtmA kA dAga (pratidina) pratikramaNa se zIghra dUra ho jAtA hai| pratikramaNa se hamArI AtmA pApoM se pIche haTatI hai jisase AtmA rUpI bAga (vairAgya bhAva se) harA-bharA ho sakatA hai| AvazyakasUtra (pratikramaNa) karate samaya nimna prakAra ke Asana kiye jAte haiM : 1. vAma - ulTA ghuTanA, vinaya kA pratIka, namotthuNaM; 2. dAyAM - sIdhA ghuTanA, vIratA kA pratIka, zramaNasUtra (vaMdittusUtra); 102 sthAnAMgasUtra 6/538 /

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186 jainadarzana meM samatvayoga kI sAdhanA 3. donoM ghuTane khar3e karanA, komalatA kA pratIka, icchAmi khamAsamaNo; 4. khar3e rahanA, tatparatA tathA udyama kA pratIka, bAraha vratAdi; 5. donoM ghuTane jamIna para TikA denA, arpaNatA (zaraNAgati), pAMca prANAtipAta vandanA; 6. padmAsana se baiThanA, sthiratA-samAdhi kA pratIka, saMlekhanA; 7. khar3e rahanA - jinamudrA meM rahanA, tatparatA kA pratIka, kAryotsarga mudraa| pratikramaNa karane se AtmA zuddha, pavitra aura nirmala banatI hai| vratoM ke paripAlana meM bhI nirmalatA AtI hai tathA rAga-dveSa, viSaya aura kaSAya manda hote haiN| Atmabala va atIndriya sukha meM vRddhi hotI hai; bhava bhramaNa miTatA hai tathA tIrthaMkara nAma karma kA bandha hotA hai| pratikramaNa ke bheda : sAdhakoM ke AdhAra para pratikramaNa ke do bheda haiM : 1. zramaNa pratikramaNa aura 2. zrAvaka prtikrmnn| kAlika AdhAra para pratikramaNa ke pAMca bheda haiM : 1. rAI pratikramaNa : rAtri sambandhI pApoM kI AlocanA ke liye jo pratikramaNa kiyA jAtA hai, vaha (prAtaH) rAI pratikramaNa kahalAtA hai| 2. devasI pratikramaNa : dina meM hue pApoM kI zuddhi ke liye jo pratikramaNa kiyA jAtA hai, use (saMdhyA) devasI pratikramaNa kahate 3. pAkSika pratikramaNa : eka pakSa (pandraha dina) daramyAna hue pApoM kI AlocanA hetu pratyeka caturdazI ke dina jo saMdhyA ko pratikramaNa kiyA jAtA hai, use pAkSika pratikramaNa kahate haiN| 4. cAturmAsika pratikramaNa : cAra mAsa meM hue pApoM kI zuddhi ke liye ASAr3ha, kArtika evaM phAlguna zuklA caturdazI ke dina saMdhyA ko jo pratikramaNa kiyA jAAta hai, use cAturmAsika pratikramaNa kahate haiN| 5. sAMvatsarika pratikramaNa : varSa sambandhI pApoM kI zaddhi ke liye bhAdrapada zukla caturthI ke dina saMdhyA ko jo pratikramaNa kiyA jAtA hai, use sAMvatsarika pratikramaNa kahate haiN| ina pAMcoM pratikramaNoM meM kitane zvAsocchavAsa kA kAusagga hote haiM :

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samatvayoga : sAdhaka, sAdhya aura sAdhanA 187 -rAI pratikramaNa meM 50 zvAsocchavAsa kA kAusagga; -devasI pratikramaNa meM 100 zvAsocchavAsa kA kAusagga; -pAkSika pratikramaNa meM 300 zvAsocchavAsa kA kAusagga; -caumAsI pratikramaNa meM 500 zvAsocchavAsa kA kAusagga; aura -sAMvatsarika pratikramaNa meM 1008 zvAsocchavAsa kA kaausgg| 5. kAyotsarga kAyotsarga kA zAbdika artha zarIra kA utsarga karanA hai| sImita samaya ke liye mamatva kA parityAga kara zArIrika kriyAoM kI caMcalatA ko samApta karane kA jo prayAsa kiyA jAtA hai, vaha kAyotsarga hai| jaina sAdhanA meM kAyotsarga kA mahattva bahuta adhika hai| pratyeka anuSThAna ke pUrva kAyotsarga kI paramparA hai| vastutaH dehAdhyAsa ko samApta karane ke lie bhI kAyotsarga Avazyaka hai| kAyotsarga zarIra ke prati mamatva bhAva ko kama karatA hai| AcArya bhadrabAhu Avazyakaniyukti meM zuddha kAyotsarga ke svarUpa ke sambandha meM likhate haiM ki cAhe koI bhaktibhAva se candana lagAe, cAhe usI kSaNa mRtyu A jAe; parantu jo sAdhaka deha meM Asakti nahIM rakhatA, saba sthitiyoM meM samabhAva rakhatA hai, vastutaH usI kA kAyotsarga zuddha hotA hai|03 dehavyutsarga ke binA dehAdhyAsa kA TUTanA sambhava nhii| jaba taka dehAdhyAsa yA dehabhAva nahIM chUTatA taba taka mukti sambhava nhiiN| isa prakAra dehAdhyAsa ko chor3ane ke liye kAyotsarga bhI Avazyaka hai| kAyotsarga kI mudrA : 1. jinamudrA meM khar3e hokara; 2. padmAsana yA sukhAsana se baiThakara; aura 3. lettkr| kAyotsarga kI avasthA meM zarIra zithila honA caahiye| kAyotsarga ke prakAra - jaina paramparA meM kAyotsarga ke do prakAra haiM : 1 dravya; aura 2 bhaav| 103 'vAsI-caMdaNakappo, jo maraNe jIvie ca samasaNNo / dehe ya avaDibaddho, kAusaggo havaI tassa / / 1546 / / ' -Avazyakaniyukti /

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188 jainadarzana meM samatvayoga kI sAdhanA ___ dravya kAyotsarga zArIrika ceSTA kA nirodha hai aura bhAva kAyotsarga dhyAna hai| isa AdhAra para jainAcAryoM ne kAyotsarga kI eka caubhaMgI dI hai| 1. utthita : utthita kAya ceSTA ke nirodha ke sAtha dhyAna meM prazasta vicAra kA honaa| 2. utthita-niviSkAya : ceSTA kA nirodha to ho, lekina vicAra (dhyAna) aprazasta ho| 3. upaviSTa-utthita : zArIrika ceSTAoM kA pUrI taraha nirodha na ho pAtA ho, lekina vicAra vizuddhi ho| 4. upaviSTa-niviSTa : na to vicAra (dhyAna) vizuddhi ho aura na zArIrika ceSTAoM kA nirodha hI ho| inameM pahalA aura tIsarA prakAra hI AcaraNIya hai| kAyotsarga ke doSa : pravacana sArodvAra meM kAyotsarga ke 16 doSa varNita haiM : 1. ghoTaka doSa; 2. latA doSa; 3. stambhakuDya doSa; 4. mAla doSa; 5. zabarI doSa; 6. vadhU doSa; 7. nigaDa doSa; 8. lambotara doSa; 6. stana doSa; 10. urddhikA doSa; 11. saMyatI doSa; 12. khalIna doSa; 13. vAyasa doSa; 14. kapitya doSa; 15. zIrSotkampita doSa; 16. mUka doSa; 17. aMgulikA bhUdoSa; 18. vArUNI doSa; aura 16. prajJA doss| ina doSoM kA sambandha zArIrika evaM Asana sambandhI avasthAoM se hai| ina doSoM ke prati sAvadhAnI rakhate hue kAyotsarga karanA caahiye| kAyotsarga citta kI ekAgratA paidA karatA aura AtmA ko apanA svarUpa vicArane kA avasara detA hai, jisase AtmA nirbhaya banakara apanA kaThinatama uddezya siddha kara sakatI hai| isI kAraNa kAyotsarga kriyA AdhyAtmika hai| kAyotsarga tapa meM sabase pramukha hai| kAyotsarga meM jo sAdhaka siddha ho jAtA hai, vaha sampUrNa vyutsarga tapa meM bhI siddha ho jAtA hai|04 104 (ka) 'tuma ananta zakti ke strota ho' pR. 27-28 / -muni nthmljii| (kha) 'jaina, bauddha aura gItA ke AcAra darzanoM kA tulanAtmaka adhyayana' bhAga 2 pR. 407 / -DaoN. sAgaramala jain|

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samatvayoga : sAdhaka, sAdhya aura sAdhanA 186 6. pratyAkhyAna tyAga kI pravRtti yA bhogoM se vimukhatA pratyAkhyAna hai| icchAoM ke nirodha ke liye pratyAkhyAna eka Avazyaka kartavya hai| pratyAkhyAna kA artha hai pravRtti ko maryAdita athavA sImita krnaa|05 pratyAkhyAna samatva ko puSTa banAtA hai| pratyAkhyAna jIvana para breka kA kArya karatA hai| nitya karmoM meM pratyAkhyAna kA samAveza isaliye kiyA gayA hai ki sAdhaka Atmazuddhi ke liye pratidina yathAzakti kisI na kisI prakAra kA tyAga karatA rhe| niyamita tyAga karane se abhyAsa hotA hai, jIvana meM anAsakti kA vikAsa aura tRSNA manda hotI hai| uttarAdhyayanasUtra meM bhI batAyA gayA hai ki pratyAkhyAna se AnavadvAroM kA nirodha hotA hai|06 pravacanasAroddhAra meM pratyAkhyAna kA vyutpatti labhya artha isa prakAra kiyA gayA hai - aviratisvarUpa jo pravRttiyA~ ahiMsAdi ke pratikUla haiM, unakA maryAdApUrvaka kucha AgAra sahita tyAga karane kA gurU Adi ke samakSa saMkalpabaddha honA pratyAkhyAna hai| isake tIna zabda haiM - prati + A + aakhyaan| prati = asaMyama ke prati, A = maryAdApUrvaka, AkhyAna = pratijJA yA saMkalpa krnaa|07 dainika pratyAkhyAna ke sAtha vizeSa parva divasoM meM kucha nahIM khAnA yA sampUrNa divasa ke AhAra kA parityAga karanA athavA nIrasa yA rUkhA bhojana karanA aadi-aadi| pratyAkhyAna ke do rUpa haiM : 1. dravya pratyAkhyAna : AhAra sAmagrI, vastra, parigraha Adi bAhya padArthoM meM se kucha ko chor3a denA dravya pratyAkhyAna hai| 2. bhAva pratyAkhyAna : rAga-dveSa, kaSAya Adi azubha mAnasika 105 yogazAstra svopajJavRtti (uddhRta zramaNasUtra pR. 104) / 106 (ka) 'paccakkhANeNaM AsavadArAI nirUMbhai, paccakcakhANeNaM icchAnirohaM jaNayai, icchAniroha gae ya jIve savvadabvesu viNIya-taNhe sIIbhUe viharaI / / 14 / / ' -uttarAdhyayanasUtra a. 26 / (kha) 'paccakkhaNami kae AsavadArAiM huti pihiyAiM / Asava-vuccheeNaM taNhA-vuccheyaNaM hoI // ' -Avazyakaniyukti 1564 / (ka) 'pravacanasAroddhAra' / -hemaprabhAzrIjI se uddhRt / (kha) sthAnAMgavRtti sthA. 2. kI vRtti meM pratyAkhyAna ke 10 bheda aura unakI vyAkhyA / pravacanasArakhyAra' ta 107 ya hoI " -hamaprabhAzrIja se uddhRta

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160 jainadarzana meM samatvayoga kI sAdhanA pravRttiyoM kA parityAga karanA bhAva pratyAkhyAna hai| prakArAntara se bhagavatIsUtra meM pratyAkhyAna ke dasa bheda varNita haiN|08 1. anAgata : parva kI tapasAdhanA ko pUrva meM hI kara lenA; 2. atikrAnta : parva tithi ke pazcAt parva tithi kA tapa karanA; 3. koTi sahita : pUrva gRhIta niyama kI avadhi samApta hote hI binA vyavadhAna ke bhaviSya ke liye pratijJA grahaNa kara lenA; 4. niyantrita : vighna bAdhAoM ke hone para pUrva saMkalpita vrata Adi kI pratijJA kara lenA; 5. sAkAra (sApavAda); 6. nirAkAra (nirapavAda); 7. parimANakRta (mAtrA sambandhI); 8. niravazeSa (pUrNa); 6. sAMketika : saMketa cinha se sambandhita; aura 10. addhA pratyAkhyAna : samaya vizeSa ke liye kiyA gayA prtyaakhyaan| AcArya bhadrabAhu ne pratyAkhyAna kA mahattva batAte hue kahA hai ki pratyAkhyAna karane se saMyama hotA hai| saMyama se Asrava kA nirodha hotA hai aura Asava-nirodha se tRSNA kA kSaya hotA hai|06 tRSNA ke nAza se anupama upazamabhAva arthAt mAdhyasthya pariNAma hotA hai aura anupama upazama bhAva se pratyAkhyAna zuddha hotA hai|" uttarAdhyayanasUtra meM 6 prakAra ke utkRSTa pratyAkhyAnoM tathA unase hone vAle kaSAyamukti aura karmamukti kI upalabdhi kA spaSTa nirUpaNa kiyA gayA hai| vaha isa prakAra hai : 1. saMyoga; 2. upadhi; 3. AhAra; 4. kaSAya; -bhagavatIsUtra 7/2 / 08 'aNAgaya maikvaMtaM ko'sahiyaM niMdiyaM ceva, sAgaramaNAgAraM parimANa kaDaM niravasesa / saMkeyaM ceva addhANa-paccakkhANaM bhave dasahA / / 106 'paccakkhANaMmikae AsavadArAI huMti pihiyAiM / / ___Asava vuccheeNa, taNhA-vuccheyaNaM hoi / / 1564 / / ' 110 'taNhA-vocchedeNa ya, aulovasamo bhave maNussANaM / aulovasameNa puNo, paccakhANaM havai suddhaM / / 1565 / / ' -Avazyakaniyukti / -vahI /

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samatvayoga : sAdhaka, sAdhya aura sAdhanA 161 5. yoga; 6. zarIra; 7. sahAya; 8. bhakta; aura 6. sadbhAva pratyAkhyAna (pravRttimAtra kA prtyaakhyaan)|" vastutaH pratyAkhyAna amaryAdita jIvana ko maryAdita yA anuzAsita banAtA hai| jaina paramparA ke anusAra Asrava evaM bandhana kA eka kAraNa avirati bhI kahA gayA hai| pratyAkhyAna avirati kA nirodha karatA hai| pratyAkhyAna tyAga ke sambandha meM lI gaI pratijJA yA Atma--nizcaya hai| pratyAkhyAna durAcAra se nivRtta hone ke lie kiyA jAne vAlA ddar3ha saMkalpa hai| usake abhAva meM naitika jIvana meM pragati sambhava nahIM hai| sthAnAMgasUtra meM pratyAkhyAna-zuddhi ke lie pAMca vidhAna haiM : 1. zraddhAna zuddha; 2. vinaya zuddha; 3. anubhASaNa zuddha; 4. anupAlana zuddha; aura 5. bhAva zuddha / ina pAMcoM ke hote hue gRhIta pratijJA zuddha hotI hai aura ye naitika pragati meM sahAyaka hote haiN| __yadi vyakti ina chaH AvazyakoM ko vidhipUrvaka evaM bhAvapUrvaka karatA hai, to usakI sabhI kriyAe~ sthUla yA sUkSma rUpa se samatvayoga meM samAviSTa ho jAtI haiM; kyoMki ye sabhI parasparAzrita haiN| sAmAyika yA samatvayoga kI pratijJA vidhi meM bhI ina samasta Avazyaka kriyAoM ko krama se samAviSTa kiyA gayA hai : 1. 'karemi...samAiyaM...' : sAmAyika Avazyaka - samatApUrvaka sAmAyika karane kI anujJA / / 2. 'bhante...bhadanta...bhagavAna' : jinezvara bhagavAna se prArthanA _ 'caturviMzatistava' hai| 3. 'tassa bhante...' : gurUoM ko vandana karate karate AtmanindA aura gardA kI jAtI hai, vaha vandana hai| 4. 'paDikammAmi...' : pApoM kI nindA karanA yA pApoM se mukta hone ke lie prAyazcita karanA pratikramaNa kI kriyA hai| 5. 'appANaM...vosarAmi...' : arthAt maiM AtmA ko usa pAparUpa 17 uttarAdhyayanasUtra 26/33-41 / 112 sthAnAMgasUtra 5/3/466 / /

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162 vyApAra se haTAtA huuN| yaha vyutsarga hai / 6. 'sAvajjaM jogaM paccakkhAmi' : arthAt una pApa vAlI pravRttiyoM yA vyApAra kA pratyAkhyAna karatA hU~; unako pratijJApUrvaka chor3atA hU~ / yaha kathana pratyAkhyAna hai / jainadarzana meM samatvayoga kI sAdhanA uttarAdhyayanasUtra ke 26veM adhyayana meM bhI batAyA gayA hai "sAmAieNa sAvajjoga virai janaai" / arthAt sAmAyika karane se jIva sAvadyayoga se virati ko prApta karatA hai I Atma vizuddhi ke lie jitanI dera taka apanI cittavRttiyoM kA samatva karate haiM, utane samaya taka rAga-dveSa aura tadjanya kaSAyoM se nivRtta ho jAte haiM / sAmAyika arthAt samatvayoga ke lakSaNa sAmAyika kA mukhya lakSaNa samatA aura samabhAva hai / samatA kA artha hai mana kI sthiratA aura rAga-dveSa kA abhAva tathA samabhAva arthAt sukha-duHkha meM nizcalatA, ekAgratA ityAdi / haribhadrasUri ne aSTakaprakaraNa meM sAmAyika ke nimna lakSaNa batAye haiM : 'samatA sarvabhUteSu, saMyamaH zubha bhAvanA / 113 Artaraudra-parityAgastaddhi, sAmAyikaM vratam / / sabhI jIvoM para samatA samabhAva rakhanA, pAMcoM indriyoM para niyantraNa rakhanA, antarhRdaya se zubha bhAvanA yA zubha saMkalpa karanA aura Arta- raudra dhyAna kA tyAga kara dharma dhyAna kA cintana karanA sAmAyika vrata hai / rAgAdi viSama bhAvoM se haTakara svasvarUpa meM ramaNa karanA hI sAmAyika yA samatvayoga kI sAdhanA hai / 113 sAmAyikasUtra / 114 ' tyaktArttaraudradhyAnastyakta -- hemacandrAcArya ne 'yogazAstra' meM bhI sAmAyika ke svarUpa kA varNana nimnAnusAra kiyA hai : 'tyaktArttaraudradhyAnastyakta sAvadya karmaNaH muhUrtaM samatA yA tAM viduH sAmAyika vratam / ' 114 sAvadyakarmaNaH / muhUrta samatA yA tAM viduH sAmAyika vratam / / 82 / / ' yogazAstra 3 /

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samatvayoga : sAdhaka, sAdhya aura sAdhanA 163 Artta aura raudra dhyAna tathA sAvadha karmoM kA tyAga kara eka muhUrta taka samabhAva meM rahane ko sAmAyika vrata kahA jAtA hai| - 'sAvadyakarmamuktasya durdhyAna rahitasya ca . samabhAvo muhUrta tad-vataM sAmAyikAhavam' sAvadha karma se dUra hokara eka muhUrta ke liye samabhAva meM sthira honA hI sAmAyika hai| maharSiyoM ne sAmAyika ke lakSaNa isa prakAra batAye haiM : 1. sabhI jIvoM ke prati samabhAva rakhanA; 2. Arta aura raudra dhyAna kA tyAga karanA; 3. zuddha bhAva rakhanA; 4. sAvadya yogoM (pApamaya pravRttiyoM) se nivRtta honA; 5. saMyama dhAraNa karanA; 6. sAmAyika kI ArAdhanA kama se kama eka muhUrta ke liye (do ghar3I athavA 48 miniTa) krnaa| samatA yA samabhAva sAmAyika kI sAdhanA kA saba se mahattvapUrNa lakSaNa hai, jisameM dUsare sabhI lakSaNoM kA samAveza ho jAtA hai| jisa prakAra puSpa kA sAra gandha hai, dugdha kA sAra ghRta hai, tila kA sAra tela hai aura ikSu kA sAra miThAsa hai; usI prakAra sAmAyika kA sAra samatA hai| samatA ke binA sAmAyika niSprANa hai| ___ santa AnandaghanajI ne batAyA hai ki samatA AtmA kI svabhAva dazA hai aura mamatA vibhaavdshaa| unhoMne samatA ko AtmA (cetana) kI sahadharmiNI arthAta bar3I patnI aura mamatA ko AtmA kI vidharmiNI arthAta choTI patnI ke rUpa meM kalpita kiyA hai| isake sAtha unhoMne samatA ko AtmA kA nijaghara aura mamatA ko AtmA kA paraghara kahA hai| samatA kA darzana samabhAva ko jAgrata karatA hai aura samAnatA ke bodha ko bhI paripuSTa banAtA hai| AtmA jaba samatva ke cazmeM se dekhatI hai, to mamatva kA AvaraNa dUra haTa jAtA hai; kyoMki AtmA kA zuddha svarUpa samatvamaya hai| jaba samatA kA vikAsa hotA hai, to mamatA kSINa ho jAtI hai|

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164 sAmAyika kA svarUpa anuyogadvArasUtra Avazyakaniryukti meM samabhAva rUpa varNana milatA hai "5 : .115 'jo samo savvabhUaisu tasesu thAvaresu ya / tassa sAmAiyaM hoi, iha kevali bhAsiyaM / / ' jainadarzana meM samatvayoga kI sAdhanA jo sAdhaka trasa, sthAvara rUpa sabhI jIvoM para samabhAva rakhatA hai, usakI hI zuddha sAmAyika hotI hai, aisA kevalI bhagavAna ne kahA hai / 'jassa samaNio appA saMyame niyame tave / tassa sAmAiyaM hoi, iha kevali - bhAsiyaM / / ' kRta tathA AcArya bhadrabAhusvAmI sAmAyika kA bahuta hI sundara jisakI AtmA saMyama tapa niyama meM saMlagna hotI hai usakI, sAmAyika hI zuddha sAmAyika hai, aisA kevalI bhagavAna ne kahA hai / AcArya haribhadrasUri ne paMcAzaka meM kahA hai ki . 116 'samabhAvo sAmAiyaM, taNa - kaMcana - sattu mitta visautti / NirabhissaMga citta uciya pavittippahANaM c||' cAhe tinakA ho yA sonA, zatru ho yA mitra sabhI meM anAsakta rahanA yA pApa rahita dhArmika pravRtti karanA hI sAmAyika hai| 115 Avazyaka niyukti 766 / 116 paMcAzaka 11/5 / 117 tatvArtha TIkA 1/1 / : - 117 tattvArthasUtra kI TIkA meM upAdhyAya yazovijayajI ne sAmAyika ko sampUrNa dvAdazAMgI ke upaniSad ke rUpa meM batAyA hai ' 'sakala dvAdazAMgopAniSad bhUta' - sAmAyika sUtravat pUrvajanma kI ArAdhanA ke kAraNa sabhI tIrthaMkara paramAtmA svayaMbuddha hI hote hai / ve bhI siddha bhagavantoM evaM apanI AtmA ko sAkSI rakhakara sAvadya yoga ke paccakkhANa lekara yAvajjIvana sAmAyika vrata ko grahaNa karate haiM tathA gRhastha veSa kA tyAga kara paMcamuSTi loca kara sAmAyika kI pratijJA lekara svayaM dIkSita ho jAte haiM / :

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samatvayoga : sAdhaka, sAdhya aura sAdhanA 165 tIrthaMkara paramAtmA ko janma se hI mati, zruta aura avadhi - ye tInoM jJAna hote haiN| dIkSA ko aMgIkAra karate hI unheM cauthA manaHparyava jJAna prakaTa ho jAtA hai| isa prakAra pratyeka tIrthaMkara paramAtmA dIkSA grahaNa karate samaya sarvaprathama sAmAyika kI sAdhanA kI pratijJA karate haiM : 'savvaM me akaraNijjaM pAvakammaM tti kaTu sAmAiyaM caritaM pddivjji|' pratyeka tIrthaMkara paramAtmA kevalajJAna kI prApti ke bAda caturvidha saMgha kI sthApanA karate haiM aura sabase prathama sAmAyika vrata kA hI upadeza dete haiN| haribhadrasUri ne 'aSTakaprakaraNa' meM sAmAyika ko 'mokSAMga rUpa' arthAt mokSa kA aMga batAyA hai : 'sAmAyikaM ca mokSAMga paraM sarvajJa bhaassitm| vAsIcandana kalpanAmuktametanmadAtmanAm / / 26/1 / / 118 vAsI candanakalpa meM vAsI zabda kA artha hotA hai - vsuulaa| yaha bar3haI kA eka sAdhana hai| lakar3I kI chAla ukher3ane meM usakA upayoga hotA hai| koI vyakti kisI ke eka hAtha para vasUlA rakhakara hAtha kI tvacA ukher3atA ho aura dUsarA vyakti dUsare hAtha para candana kA lepa lagAtA ho - ina donoM ke prati samabhAva rakha sake, aise mahAtmAoM kI samatA ko mokSAMga rUpa sAmAyika yA samatvayoga batalAyA gayA hai| 'vAsI candana' kA dUsarA artha isa prakAra se kiyA gayA hai ki candana vRkSa jyoM-jyoM kATA jAtA hai, tyoM-tyoM vaha kATane vAlI kulhAr3I ko bhI sugandhita kara detA hai| isI taraha sAdhaka bhI apane samatvayoga ke dvArA vaira-virodha karane vAle logoM ke prati samabhAva rUpI sugandha arpita karatA hai| isIliye sarvajJa bhagavAna ne samatva yA sAmAyika ko mokSa kA aMga mAnA hai| samatvayoga yA sAmAyika ke binA mokSa kI prApti nahIM ho sktii| samatAbhAva dhAraNa kara AtmaramaNatA kA anubhava karane ke liye sAmAyika hI eka mAtra upAya hai| isaliye haribhadrasUri ne 'aSTakaprakaraNa' meM sAmAyika kA phala kevalajJAna batAte hue 18 aSTakaprakaraNa 26/11 -haribhadrasUrisUri /

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166 kahA hai ki : sAmAyika se vizuddha banI huI AtmA jJAnAvaraNIya Adi karmoM kA kSaya kara lokAloka ko prakAzita karane vAle kevalajJAna ko prApta karatI hai / 'sAmAyika vizuddhAtmA sarvathA ghAti karmaNaH kSayAtkevalamApnotI lokAloka prakAzakam / / " 116 kahA bhI gayA hai ki 120 : kitanA bhI utkRSTa tapa kare, japa jape yA cAritra ko grahaNa kare, kintu samatA ( utkRSTa sAmAyika) ke binA na to kisI kA mokSa huA hai, na hotA hai aura na hone vAlA hai / 121 120 jainadarzana meM samatvayoga kI sAdhanA 'kiM tivveNa taveNaM kiM ca javeNaM kiM ca cariteNaM / samayAi viNa mukkho na hu huo kahavi na hu hoi / / ' 121 bhagavatIsUtra meM kahA gayA hai ki arthAt AtmA sAmAyika hai| AtmA hI sAmAyika kA artha hai / upAdhyAya yazovijayajI ne 125 gAthAoM ke stavana meM kahA hai ki : 'bhagavatI aMge bhakhIo, sAmAyika artha, sAmAyika paNa AtmA dharo sUdho artha, AtmA tattva vicArIe / ' arthAt AtmA hI sAmAyika hai, ataH Atmatattva kA vicAra karo / I kundakundAcArya ne niyamasAra meM sAmAyika kA varNana kiyA hai trasa aura sthAvara, sabhI jIvoM ke prati jo samatA bhAva rakhatA hai, usakI sAmAyika sthAyI hai / aisA kevalI bhagavantoM ne kahA hai / 122 116 aSTakaprakaraNa 30/1 | uddhRta - sAmAyikasUtra pR. 78 ( amaramuni) / bhagavatIsUtra 1 / 6 ( pAThAntara hai ) / 'appA sAmAiyaM, appA sAmAiyassa attho / ' 122 ' jo samo savvabhUdesu thAvaresu tasesu vA / tassa sAmAigaM ThAi idi kevali sAsaNe / / 126 / / ' -niyamasAra /

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samatvayoga : sAdhaka, sAdhya aura sAdhanA 167 'vizeSAvazyakabhASya' meM bhI kahA gayA hai ki :23 'sAmAiovautto jIvo sAmAiyaM sayaM ceva' sAmAyika meM upayogayukta AtmA apane Apa svayaM sAmAyika hai| sAmAyika ke ATha paryAyavAcI nAma zAstroM meM milate haiM, ve isa prakAra haiM : "sAmAiyaM samaiyaM sammevAo samAsa sNkhevoN| aNavajjhaM ca pariNNA paMccakhANeya te atttthaa||' 1. sAmAyika; 2. samAyika; 3. samavAda; 4. samAsa; 5. saMkSepa; 6. anavadya; 7. parijJA; aura 8. prtyaakhyaan| isa taraha sAmAyika ke sAdhakoM ke ATha nAma haiN| 'damadaMta meajje kAlaya putthA cilAiputte y| dhammatarUi ilA teilI sAmAiyA atthtthdaahrnnaa||' ATha sAmAyika sAdhakoM ke ATha dRSTAntoM ke nAma isa prakAra haiM : 1. damadanta rAjavI; 2. metArya muni; 3. kAlakAcArya; 4. cilAtI putra; 5. laukikAcAra paNDita loga; 6. dharmaruci sAdhu; 7. ilAcIputra; aura 8. tetalI putraadi| sAmAyika ke ATha nAma evaM udAharaNa isa prakAra haiM : 1. sAmAyika : sAmAyika use kahA gayA hai, jisameM samatA, samatva yA samabhAva ho| damadanta rAjavI kA samabhAva sAmAyika ke dRSTAnta rUpa meM upalabdha hotA hai| 2. samayika : s-myik| mayA kA artha hai dyaa| sarva jIvoM ke prati dayA bhAva rakhanA, yahI hai samayika yA saamaayik| isa samayika para metAryamuni kA dRSTAnta suprasiddha hai| 3. samavAda : sama kA artha hai rAga-dveSa rhit| jisameM rAga-dveSa se rahita vacana bole jAte haiM, vahI samavAda sAmAyika hai| usake liye kAlakAcArya kA dRSTAnta diyA jAtA hai| 4. samAsa : samAsa kA artha hai saMlagna honA, ekatrita karanA, saMkSipta karanA aura kama zabdoM meM zAstroM ke marma ko smjhnaa| 123 sAmAiyammi u kae, samaNo iva sAvao havai jamhA / eeNa kAraNeNa, bahuso sAmAiyaM kujjA / / 2660 / / ' __-vizeSAvazyakabhASya (uddhRt sAmAyikasUtra) /

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168 jainadarzana meM samatvayoga kI sAdhanA isa samAsa sAmAyika para cilAtI putra kA dRSTAnta milatA hai| 5. saMkSepa : dvAdazAMgI kA sAra rUpa tattva jaannaa| isa saMkSepa sAmAyika para laukikAcAra paNDitoM kA dRSTAnta milatA hai| 6. anavadya : anavadya kA artha hai, nisspaap| pApa rahita AcaraNa rUpa sAmAyika anavadya kahalAtI hai| usa para dharmaruci aNagAra kA dRSTAnta milatA hai| 7. parijJA : parijJA kA artha hai, tattva ko acche rUpa se jaannaa| parijJA sAmAyika para ilAcIkumAra kA dRSTAnta milatA hai| 8. pratyAkhyAna : pratyAkhyAna kA artha hai, tyAga yA dRr3ha prtijnyaa| pratyAkhyAna sAmAyika para tetalIputra kA dRSTAnta milatA hai| jaina dharma ke pravartaka tIrthaMkara paramAtmA bhI sAdhanA meM praviSTa hote samaya sAmAyika cAritra grahaNa karate haiN| usake dvArA kevalajJAna kI prApti hone para ve sabhI prANiyoM ke kalyANa ke liye sarvaprathama sAmAyika arthAt samatvayoga kI sAdhanA kA upadeza dete haiN| unake isI upadeza ke AdhAra para gaNadhara apane buddhibala se dvAdazAMgI kI racanA karate haiN| isa prakAra sAmAyika ko jinAgamoM kA sAra tattva kahA gayA hai| dvAdazAMgI kA Arambha sAmAyikasUtra se hI hotA hai| sAdhaka apane adhyayana krama meM sarvaprathama sAmAyikasUtra kA hI adhyayana karatA hai| sAmAyika brahmasvarUpa hai| vaha zuddha AtmA kA sAkSAtkAra karAtI hai; kyoMki yaha kliSTa cittavRttiyoM ko zAnta svabhAva meM sthira karatI hai| sAmAyika samyagjJAna, samyagdarzana evaM samyakucAritra rUpI ratnatrayI ko prApta karAne vAlI amogha auSadhi hai| sAmAyika kI kriyA bahuta hI pavitra evaM vizuddha kriyA hai| 48 miniTa (do ghar3I) taka ekAnta sthAna meM baiThakara sAvadha vyApAroM kA tyAga kara, sAMsArika ulajhanoM se virakta hokara apanI yogyatA ke anusAra adhyayana, cintana, dhyAna, japa Adi karanA sAmAyika hai| sAmAyika meM lagane vAle doSa gRhastha vidhipUrvaka, cetanApUrvaka aura dhyAnapUrvaka sAmAyika karane baiThatA hai, phira bhI kabhI-kabhI jAne-anajAne meM mana, vacana aura kAyA sambandhI doSa ho jAne kI sambhAvanA rahatI hai| isaliye

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samatvayoga : sAdhaka, sAdhya aura sAdhanA 166 sAmAyika meM dasa mana ke, dasa vacana ke aura bAraha kAyA ke doSoM ko jAnanA ati Avazyaka hai, jisase sAdhaka ina doSoM se baca kara pavitra sAmAyika vrata yA samatvayoga kI sAdhanA kara sakate haiN| mana ke dasa doSa isa prakAra haiM : 'aviveka jaso kittI lAbhattho gavava bhaya niyANattho saMsaya rosa aviNao abahumANae dosA bhANiyavvA / 24 1. aviveka; 2. yazaHkIrti; 3. lAbhArtha; 4. garva 5. bhaya; 6. nidAna; 7. saMzaya; 8. roSa; 6. avinaya; aura 10. abhumaan| 1. aviveka : sAmAyika karate samaya viveka nahIM rakhanA athavA sAmAyika ke prayojana aura svarUpa ke jJAna se vaMcita rahakara sAmAyika karanA, yaha aviveka doSa hai| 2. yazaHkIrti : sAmAyika karane se mujhe yaza mile, samAja meM merA Adara-satkAra ho, loga mujhe dharmAtmA kaheM - isa prakAra kI kAmanA se sAmAyika kare, to yaha yazaHkIrti doSa hai| 3. lAbhArtha : dhana, artha kI icchA rakhakara vyApAra meM vRddhi ho, roga-zoka aura vipadA naSTa ho jAye ityAdi vicAra se sAmAyika kare to lAbhArtha doSa hotA hai| 4. garva : mere jitanI sAmAyika koI nahIM kara sakatA, aisI ahaM kI bhAvanA se jo sAmAyika kare, vaha garva doSa hai| 5. bhaya : yadi maiM sAmAyika nahIM karUMgA to logoM meM merI AlocanA hogii| isa prakAra kI cintA va bhaya se sAmAyika karanA bhaya doSa hai| 6. nidAna : nidAna kA artha hai prApti kI icchA rkhnaa| dhana, strI, puruSa Adi kA lAbha ho, aise phala kI icchA kA saMkalpa karake sAmAyika kare to nidAna doSa hai| 7. saMzaya : itanI samAyika karane se mujhe amuka phala kI prApti hogI yA nahIM, isa prakAra kI zaMkA karanA yaha saMzaya doSa hai| 8. roSa : krodha, mAna, mAyA aura lobhapUrvaka evaM anya kaSAyasahita sAmAyika karanA roSa doSa hai| 6. avinaya : sAmAyika meM deva, gurU aura dharma kI vinaya nahIM 124 uddhRta sAmAyikasUtra pR. 56-60 /

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200 karanA, yaha avinaya doSa hai / 10. abahumAna : bahumAna evaM utsAha rahita, kisI ke dabAva se sAmAyika karanA abahumAna sAmAyika hai / vacana ke dasa doSa isa prakAra haiM : 'kuvayaNa sahasAkAro, sachaMda saMkheya kalahaM c| viggahA vihAMso'suddhaM nikhekkho muNamuNA dasa dosA / / 125 2. sahasAkAra; 3. svacchanda; 4. saMkSepa; 6. vikathA; 7. hAsya; 8. azuddha; 10. muNa muNa; 1. kuvacana; 5. kalaha; 6. nirapekSa; aura jainadarzana meM samatvayoga kI sAdhanA 1. kuvacana : sAmAyika meM asabhya, tuccha, apamAnajanaka vacana bolanA kuvacana doSa hai / 2. sahasAkAra : asAvadhAnI se binA soce samajhe sahasA asatya bolanA sahasAkara doSa hai| 3. svacchanda : zAstra - siddhAnta ke virUddha anAdara yukta bolanA svacchanda doSa hai 1 4. saMkSepa : sAmAyika sUtra ko sampUrNataH na bolakara usakA saMkSepa meM uccAraNa karanA saMkSepa doSa hai / 5. kalaha : dUsare ke mana ko duHkha pahu~ce, pArasparika kleza paidA ho, jAnabUjhakara aise zabda bolanA kalaha doSa hai / 6. vikathA : binA kisI uddezya ke, manoraMjana kI dRSTi se strIkathA, bhaktakathA, rAjakathA aura dezakathA karanA vikathAdoSa hai / 7. hAsya : sAmAyika meM haMsI, masakharI karanA, kaTAkSa evaM vyaMgapUrNa zabda bolanA hAsya doSa haiM / 8. azuddha : sAmAyika pATha ke zabdoM ko asAvadhAnI se jaldI-jaldI bolanA, svara vyaMjana kA dhyAna nahIM rakhanA, yaha azuddha doSa hai| 6. nirapekSa : sAmAyika meM sUtra siddhAnta aura zAstra kI upekSA karake asatya bolanA nirapekSa doSa hai / 10. muNamuNa : muNamuNa kA artha hai gunagunAnA / sUtra Adi kA pATha karate samaya zabdoM kA uccAraNa spaSTa nahIM karanA, jaise-taise gunagunAte hue bolanA, yaha muNamuNa doSa hai 1 125 vahI pR. 61 /

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samatvayoga : sAdhaka, sAdhya aura sAdhanA 201 126 kAyA ke bAraha doSa isa prakAra haiM : 'kuAsaNaM calAsaNaM calA diTThI, sAvajjakiriyA laMbaNa kuMcaNa psaarnn| Alasa moDana mala vimAsaNaM, nidrA veyAvaccati bArasa kAya dosaa||126 1. kuAsana, 2. calAsana; 3. caladRSTi; 4. sAvadhakriyA; 5. Alambana; 6. AkuMcana-prasAraNa; 7. Alasya; 8. mor3ana; 6. mala; 10. vimAsaNa; 11. nidrA; aura 12. vaiyaavRty| 1. kuAsana : sAmAyika meM paira para paira car3hAkara ayogya rUpa se abhimAna evaM avinayapUrvaka gurU ke samakSa baiThanA kuAsana doSa hai| 2. calAsana (asthirAsana) : sAmAyika meM asthira aura jhUlate Asana para baiThanA athavA baiThane kI jagaha bAra-bAra badalanA calAsana doSa hai| 3. caladRSTi : dRSTi sthira na rakhakara caMcala rakhanA, bAra-bAra idhara-udhara dRSTi karanA cala dRSTi doSa hai| 4. sAvadhakriyA : sAmAyika meM baiThakara pApayukta kriyA svayaM karanA ___athavA saMketapUrvaka dUsaroM se karAnA sAvadha kriyA doSa hai| 5. Alambana : binA kisI rogAdi ke kAraNa dIvAra yA anya cIjoM kA sahArA lenA pramAda, Alasya aura avinaya kA sUcana hai| yaha Alambana doSa hai| 6. AkuMcanaprasAraNa : niSprayojana hAtha-pairoM ko sikor3anA, lambe karanA AkuMcana prasAraNa doSa hai| 7. Alasya : sAmAyika meM Alasya karanA yA gaharAI se aMgar3AI lenA Alasya doSa hai| 8. mor3ana : sAmAyika meM baiThakara hAtha-paira va anya avayava ko dabAkara AvAja karanA mor3ana doSa hai| 6. mala : zarIra kA maila nikAlanA mala doSa hai| 10. vimAsaNa : gAla para hAtha rakhakara zokagrasta baiThanA, idhara-udhara jAnA AnA, cintA karanA vimAsaNa doSa hai| 126 uddhRta sAmAyikasUtra pR. 63 /

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202 jainadarzana meM samatvayoga kI sAdhanA 11. nidrA : sAmAyika meM nIMda ke jhaTake khAnA yA so jAnA nidrA doSa hai| 12. vaiyAvRtya : sAmAyika meM zarIra kI sevA suzruSA karavAnA, yaha vaiyAvRtya doSa hai| kahIM vaiyAvacca ke vikalpa meM vastra saMkocana doSa bhI mAnate haiM arthAt sardI aura garmI ke kAraNa yA niSprayojana vastroM ko sameTanA yA prasArita krnaa| kucha AcAryoM ne ise kampana doSa bhI mAnA hai| zIta Adi ke kAraNa zarIra Adi kA kA~panA kampana doSa hai| mana, vacana aura kAyA - ina tInoM ko sthira karane kA sAdhana, sAdhaka ke liye sAmAyika hai| isakI sAdhanA karane vAloM ko ina 32 doSoM ke prati pUrNatayA sAvadhAnI baratanI caahiye| 3.6 sAmAyika kI sAdhanA ke vividha prakAra __ jainadarzana ke anusAra samatvayoga kI sAdhanA ko yadi ati saMkSepa meM kahanA ho, to vaha sAmAyika kI sAdhanA hai| jainadarzana meM trividhi sAdhanAmArga ke rUpa meM jo samyagdarzana, samyagjJAna aura samyakcAritra kI carcA huI hai, vaha sAmAyika kI sAdhanA se bhinna nahIM hai| AcArya hemacandra ne apane grantha yogazAstra tathA unase pUrva jinabhadragaNi ke vizeSAvazyakabhASya meM sAmAyika ke tIna prakAra batAye gae haiN|27 usameM samyagjJAna, samyagdarzana aura samyakucAritra kA samAveza sAmAyika meM hI kiyA gayA hai| isa prakAra cAhe hama samyagdarzana, samyagjJAna aura samyakcAritra ko sAdhanAmArga mAne yA sAmAyika ko hI sAdhanAmArga mAne, donoM meM koI antara nahIM hai| samyagdarzana, samyagjJAna aura samyakcAritra ke Age lagA huA samyak zabda hI unake samabhAva yA sAmAyika se yukta hone kA sabase mahattvapUrNa pramANa hai| jainadarzana meM cAritra ke pAMca prakAroM kA ullekha karate hue bhI unameM sarvaprathama sthAna sAmAyika cAritra ko diyA gayA hai| isa prakAra jainadarzana meM samatvayoga kI sAdhanA hI vastutaH sAmAyika kI sAdhanA hai| kyoMki samatva ke abhAva meM jJAna, 127 'sAmAiyayaM ca tivihaM, sammatta suyaM tahA carittaM ca / duvihaM ceva caritaM, AgAramaNagAriyaM ceva / / 768 / / Avazyakaniyukti /

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samatvayoga : sAdhaka, sAdhya aura sAdhanA 203 darzana aura cAritra bhI samyak nahIM bnte| isI prakAra sAmAyika cAritra, chedosthApanIya cAritra, parihAravizuddhi cAritra, sUkSmasamparAya cAritra aura yathAkhyAta cAritra meM bhI sAmAyika cAritra isaliye pradhAna hai ki ina sabhI cAritroM ke paripAlana meM sAmAyika cAritra kA paripAlana to nihita hI rahatA hai| sAmAyika cAritra kA mahattva batAte hue kahA gayA hai ki cAhe koI kitanA hI tIvra tapa tape athavA japa kare athavA AcAra niyamoM kA pAlana kare; parantu sAmAyika arthAt samabhAva kI sAdhanA ke binA. na to kisI kA mokSa huA hai, aura na hogaa| punaH yaha bhI kahA gayA hai ki tIvratama tapa ke karane se karor3o pUrva janmoM ke saMcita jo karma naSTa nahIM ho pAte haiM, ve samabhAva yA samatva kI sAdhanA ke dvArA Adhe kSaNa meM hI naSTa ho jAte haiN| sAmAyika ko jaina dharma meM mokSa kA nikaTatama yA sAdhakatama kAraNa mAnA gayA hai| kahA gayA hai ki jo koI bhI mokSa gaye haiM, jo mokSa meM jAte haiM aura mokSa ko prApta kareMge ve sabhI sAmAyika yA samatvayoga kI sAdhanA se hI mukti ko prApta hote haiN| samatvayoga kI sAdhanA ke binA mukti sambhava nahIM hai| AcArya haribhadrasUri to apane vyApaka evaM udAra dRSTikoNa ko prastuta karate hue kahate haiM ki vyakti cAhe zvetAmbara ho yA digambara ho, bauddha ho yA anya kisI mata ko mAnane vAlA ho, sAmAyika yA samabhAva kI sAdhanA karane para nizcita hI mukti ko prApta karatA hai - isameM koI sandeha nahIM hai|28 ye sabhI kathana isa bAta ko spaSTa karate haiM ki jaina sAdhanA kA AdhAra stambha samatvayoga yA sAmAyika kI sAdhanA hai| samatvayoga yA sAmAyika kI sAdhanA ke abhAva meM sAdhanA ke anya sabhI rUpa kevala karmakANDa hI bana kara raha jAte haiN| sAmAyika yA samatvayoga kI sAdhanA jaina sAdhanA kA prANa hai| sAmAyika kI sAdhanA kyA hai aura kaise hotI hai? ina praznoM kA uttara dete hue jainAcArya likhate haiM ki sAmAyika sAvadya yoga 128 'seyambaro vA Asambaro vA buddho vA taheva anno vA / samabhAva bhAviyappA lahai mukkhaM na saMdeho / ' -haribhadrasUri /

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204 jainadarzana meM samatvayoga kI sAdhanA kA parityAga aura niravadya yoga kA pratisevana hai|26 sAvadya yA sAvajja zabda kA artha hai - hiMsA yA pApa se yukta kriyaa| isa prakAra sAmAyika yA samatvayoga kI sAdhanA ahiMsA yA pApa pravRttiyoM se nivRtti kI sAdhanA hai|30 eka anya jainAcArya ne sAmAyika ke lakSaNa ko spaSTa karate hue kahA hai ki sabhI prANiyoM ke prati samabhAva rakhanA, indriyoM aura mana ko niyantraNa meM rakhanA, Arta aura raudra bhAvoM kA parityAga karanA aura sabhI jIvoM ke maMgala kI zubha bhAvanA rakhanA - yahI sAmAyika kI sAdhanA hai|31 sAmAyika kI sAdhanA meM jo sabase mahattvapUrNa bAta yaha hai ki vyakti Arta aura raudra vicAroM kA parityAga kre| Arta zabda 'arti' se niSpanna huA hai - jisakA artha hai pIr3A, kleza yA duHkh| jainAgamoM meM vyakti ke duHkhI hone ke cAra kAraNa mAne gaye haiM - duHkha kA prathama kAraNa aniSTa kA saMyoga hai| jina vyaktiyoM athavA vastuoM yA ghaTanAoM ko hama nahIM cAhate haiM, unake upasthita hone para vyakti kA citta udvegoM yA tanAvoM se grasta banatA hai aura vaha unake viyoga kI AkA~kSA karatA hai| isI prakAra duHkha kA dUsarA kAraNa iSTa kA viyoga hai - jo vastue~ hameM priya haiM, jinheM hama sAtha rakhanA cAhate haiM, una vyaktiyoM yA vastuoM kA viyoga hone para bhI vyakti kA citta vikala bana jAtA haiN| vaha unake viyoga ke duHkha athavA unake anupalabdha hone para unakI punaH prApti kI AkA~kSA se tanAvagrasta banA rahatA hai| isa prakAra iSTa kA viyoga aura aniSTa kA saMyoga vyakti kI samatA ko bhaMga karatA hai| samatvayoga ke sAdhaka ko sabase pahale ina anukUla aura pratikUla paristhitiyoM meM apane citta kI samatA ko nahIM khone kI sAdhanA karanI hotI hai| anukUla ke liye hamAre citta meM rAgabhAva utpanna hotA hai aura pratikUla ke prati dveSabhAva rahatA hai| jaba taka rAga-dveSa ke tattva rahate haiM, taba taka cittavRti kA samatva sambhava nahIM hai| isaliye samatvayoga kI sAdhanA meM sAdhaka ko inase bacane kA prayatna karanA -niyamasAra / 126 virado savvasAvajje tigutto pahididio / ___ tassa sAmAigaM ThAi idi kevalisAsaNe / / 125 / / ' 130 praznavyAkaraNasUtra 2/4 / 3" uddhRta sAmAyika sUtra pR. 37 /

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samatvayoga : sAdhaka, sAdhya aura sAdhanA hotA hai / vyakti ko yaha vicAra karanA cAhiye ki anukUla kA saMyoga aura pratikUla kA viyoga yaha mere adhikAra kSetra meM nahIM hai / bAhya paristhitiyA~ kaba aura kisa prakAra ghaTita hoM, isa para hama apanA niyantraNa nahIM rakha sakate haiM / isalie yaha zreSTha hai ki cAhe anukUla paristhitiyA~ hoM cAhe pratikUla, donoM ke sambandha meM hameM yaha jAna lenA hai ki inameM se koI bhI sthAyI nahIM hai / yadi duHkhada paristhiti utpanna huI hai, to yaha bhI samApta hone ko hai / yadi anukUla paristhiti prApta huI hai, to isakA bhI viyoga nizcita hai / jaba vyakti kA cintana isa prakAra kA banatA hai, to anukUla aura pratikUla paristhitiyoM meM usakA citta udvelita nahIM hotA hai / mana tanAvoM se grasta nahIM banatA hai| yahI sAmAyika yA samatvayoga kI sAdhanA hai / pratikUla paristhiti janya jo ghaTanAe~ ghaTita hotI haiM, unheM hone para vyakti azAnta bana jAtA hai / kintu una paristhitiyoM meM yaha vicAra hI use tanAvoM se mukta rakha sakatA hai ki jo bhI paristhitiyA~ banI haiM unheM samApta honA hI hai ve sthAyI nahIM haiM / isase vyakti ke citta ko eka sAMtvanA milatI hai| usase tanAva dUra hote haiM / - hamArA citta udvelita yA azAnta hone kA eka kAraNa hamArI icchAe~ aura AkA~kSAe~ hotI haiM / vyakti icchAoM aura AkA~kSAoM ke vazIbhUta hokara apanI cittavRtti ke samatva ko kho baiThatA hai / kyoMki jaba taka jIvana meM cAha hai, taba taka cintA hai aura jaba taka cAha aura cintA banI huI hai, taba taka vyakti duHkhI rahatA hai / usakA citta udvelita rahatA hai / ataH samatvayoga kI sAdhanA meM vyakti ko icchA aura AkA~kSA se Upara uThanA Avazyaka hai / icchA aura AkA~kSAoM se Upara uThakara vItarAgatA kI sAdhanA hI sAmAyika yA samabhAva kI sAdhanA hai / 205 jainadarzana meM sAmAyika kI sAdhanA kA mahattvapUrNa sthAna hai / gRhastha aura muni ke jo SaT Avazyaka karttavya batAye gae haiM, unameM sAmAyika kA sthAna prathama hai / sAmAyika kI sAdhanA sAdhu jIvana kA prathama caraNa aura gRhastha jIvana kA anivArya karttavya hai 1 jainadarzana meM sAmAyika ko zikSAvrata bhI kahA gayA hai zikSA --

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206 jainadarzana meM samatvayoga kI sAdhanA arthAta abhyaas| sAmAyika arthAta samatva kA abhyaas| hiMsA kA parityAga tathA Atma sajagatA evaM samatva kA darzana, yahI sAmAyika kI sAdhanA hai| dUsare zabdoM meM Asakti rahita hokara mAtra sAkSIrUpa cetanA meM 'Atmavat sarvabhUteSu' kI saccI pratIti karanA hI sAmAyika hai| samatva kI sAdhanA apramatta cetanA meM hI sambhava hai| lekina jaba taka usake prati hamArA satata abhyAsa nahIM hogA, taba taka apramatta avasthA meM sthira rahanA kaThina hogaa| kyoMki sAvadya pravRttiyA~, icchAe~, AkA~kSAe~ aura kAmanAe~ nirantara hama para hAvI rahatI haiN| ve hamArI cetanA ko apramatta yA nirvikAra nahIM hone detI haiN| jaise madyapAna ke dvArA citta vikRta aura pramatta ho jAtA hai; vaise hI sAvadya pravRttiyoM meM rasa lene se cetanA vikArI aura pramatta bana jAtI hai| ataH yadi apramatta nirvikAra cetanadazA ko upalabdha karanA hai, to ina sAvadha pravRttiyoM se bacanA Avazyaka hai| jaba hama ina sAvadha pravRttiyoM se baceMge, taba hI samatva yA apramatta avasthA prApta hogii| prANImAtra ke prati Atmavat dRSTi, zubha manobhAva, sarva paristhitiyoM meM samatA, svajIvana para niyantraNa aura nirantara Atma sajagatApUrvaka abhyAsa karanA hI sAmAyika vrata hai| samatva aura manobhAva - ye do sAmAyika vrata ke bhAvanAtmaka pakSa haiM aura azubha manovRttiyoM kA nirAkaraNa usakA niSedhAtmaka pakSa hai| isa prakAra sAmAyika ke do pakSa haiM - dravya sAmAyika aura bhAva saamaayik| dravya sAmAyika sAmAyika kA bAhya svarUpa hai aura bhAva sAmAyika arthAt samatvabhAva aura AtmA meM avasthiti hai| DaoN. sAgaramala jaina ne 'jaina, bauddha aura gItA ke AcAra darzanoM kA tulanAtmaka adhyayana' ke dUsare bhAga meM sAmAyika kI sAdhanA ke liye cAra vizuddhiyoM kA ullekha kiyA hai : 1. kAlavizuddhi; 2. kSetravizuddhi; 3. dravyavizuddhi; aura 4. bhaavvishuddhi|32 132 'jaina, bauddha aura gItA ke AcAra darzanoM kA tulanAtmaka adhyayana' bhAga 2 pR. 263 / -DaoN. sAgaramala jaina /

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samatvayoga : sAdhaka, sAdhya aura sAdhanA 207 1. kAlavizuddhi : vaise to zramaNa sAdhaka sadaiva hI sAmAyika kI sAdhanA meM lIna rahatA hai, phira bhI digambara paramparA meM prAtaH, madhyAhna aura sandhyA ko sAmAyika kI viziSTa sAdhanA kI jAtI hai| zvetAmbara muni bhI SaDAvazyaka ke eka aMga ke rUpa meM prAtaH aura saMdhyA kAla meM sAmAyika kI viziSTa sAdhanA karate haiN| gRhastha sAdhaka ke liye isakI eka kAla-maryAdA nizcita kI gaI hai| sAmAyika kI sAdhanA ke samucita kAla kA nirNaya kAlavizuddhi ke liye Avazyaka hai| jaina dArzanikoM kA kahanA hai ki samaya para kI gaI sAdhanA saphalIbhUta hotI hai|33 sAmAyika kI sAdhanA ke liye anukUla samaya kA nirNaya Avazyaka hai| AcArya amRtacandra ne bhI isakA samarthana kiyA hai|34 sAmAyika kI sAdhanA ke liye gRhastha ke hetu sabhI kAla samIcIna nahIM kahe jaate| sarvaprathama zArIrika dRSTi se malamUtra Adi ke AvegoM ke hote hue sAmAyika karanA ucita nahIM mAnA jA sakatA; kyoMki usameM citta kI ekAgratA nahIM bntii| isI prakAra bhUkha, pyAsa Adi se ati vyAkula sthiti meM bhI sAmAyika kI sAdhanA sambhava nahIM hotI; kyoMki sAmAyika kI sAdhanA kA artha cittavRtti kA samatva yA cetanA kA tanAvoM se rahita honA hai| jaba taka zarIra hai, jaivika sthitiyA~ bhI tanAva kA kAraNa hai, taba taka sAmAyika kI sAdhanA sambhava nahIM hai| isI prakAra gRhastha ke liye vaha kAla jaba use apane vyAvasAyika dAyitvoM ko pUrNa karanA hotA hai, sAmAyika ke liye ucita kAla sambhava nahIM ho sktaa| yaha bAta alaga hai ki nivRtti ko prApta zrAvaka kisI bhI samaya sAmAyika kara sakatA hai| kintu jo apane vyavasAya Adi se jar3A huA hai athavA zAsakIya, azAsakIya yA kisI prakAra kI naukarI Adi meM lagA huA hai, vaha vyakti bhI hara kisI samaya sAmAyika kI sAdhanA nahIM kara sktaa| gRhastha ke liye apane pArivArika aura vyavasAyika dAyitva kA nirvAha karanA Avazyaka hotA hai| ataH vaha sarvakAla meM sAmAyika ke liye yogya nahIM mAnA gayA hai| sAmAyika ke liye vahI kAla samucita ho sakatA hai, jaba vyakti 133 uttarAdhyayanasUtra 1/31 / 130 purUSArthasiddhyupAya 146 /

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208 jainadarzana meM samatvayoga kI sAdhanA zArIrika aura mAnasika AvegoM tathA pArivArika aura vyavasAyika dAyitvoM se mukta hokara sAmAyika kI sAdhanA kara sakatA hai| vyakti ko ucita aura anucita samaya kA vicAra karanA bhI Avazyaka hai| ayogya samaya meM yadi vaha sAmAyika karatA hai, to mana zAnta yA ekAgra nahIM ho sakatA hai| saMkalpa-vikalpa kA pravAha mastiSka meM calatA rahatA hai, to aisI sAmAyika se koI lAbha nahIM hotaa| ataH yogya samaya kA vicAra karake jo sAmAyika kI jAtI hai, vaha sAmAyika nirvighna tathA zuddha hotI hai| kArtikeyAnuprekSA meM bhI batAyA gayA hai ki jahA~ citta meM koI kSobha ke kAraNa utpanna nahIM hote hoM, vahA~ sAmAyika karanA ucita hai|35 yadi parivAra meM koI sadasya bImAra ho aura usakI sevA kA samaya ho, usa samaya yadi sevA ko chor3akara sAmAyika karane baiThate haiM, to yaha bhI ucita nahIM kahA jA sktaa| isase dUsaroM para burI chApa par3atI hai| dazavaikAlikasUtra meM bhI kahA gayA hai - 'kAle kAlaM samAyare' arthAt jisa kArya ko jisa samaya karanA ho, usI samaya vaha kArya karanA ucita hotA hai| bhagavAna mahAvIra ne bhI kahA hai ki yadi bImAra sAdhu kI sevA zuzrUSA ko chor3akara dUsare sAdhu anya kArya meM rata bane rahe, to prAyazcita AtA hai| bImArI meM pUrNa rUpa se sAra sambhAla karanA Avazyaka hai| isa prakAra sAmAyika ke liye yogyakAla kA nirNaya karanA hI kAlavizuddhi hai| 2. kSetravizuddhi - kSetra se matalaba usa sthAna se hai, jahA~ sAdhaka sAmAyika karane ke lie baiThatA hai| vaha sthAna yogya ho - pUrNataH zuddha pavitra ho| jisa sthAna para baiThane se citta meM vikata bhAva uThate hoM, citta caMcala banatA ho aura jisa sthAna para strI-puruSa yA pazu Adi kA AvAgamana adhika hotA ho, viSaya vikAra utpanna karanevAle zabda kAna meM par3ate hoM; idhara-udhara dRSTi karane se mana vicalita hotA ho athavA kleza utpanna hone kI sambhAvanA ho - aise sthAnoM para baiThakara sAmAyika karanA ucita nahIM hai| AtmA ko ucca dazA meM pahu~cAne ke liye aura arntahRdaya 35 'jatthaNa kalayalasaddo, bahujaNasaMghaTTaNaM Na jatthatthi / jattha Na daMsAdIyA, esa pasattho have doso / / 353 / / ' -kArtikeyAnuprekSA /

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samatvayoga : sAdhaka, sAdhya aura sAdhanA meM samabhAva kI puSTi karane ke liye kSetra-zuddhi sAmAyika kA eka atyAvazyaka aMga hai / ataH sAmAyika karane ke liye vahI sthAna upayukta ho sakatA hai, jo kolAhala se zUnya ho / upAsakadazAMgasUtra meM isakA samarthana kiyA gayA hai ki dharmArAdhanA ke liye ekAnta kamarA, sArvajanika pauSadhazAlA, upAsanA gRha, jinAlaya, upAzraya Adi jahA~ citta sthira raha sake aura Atmacintana kiyA jA sake; ucita sthAna haiM / - ghara kI apekSA upAzraya meM sAmAyika karanA jyAdA ucita rahatA hai / upAzraya kA vAtAvaraNa gRhasthI se bhinna hotA hai / upAzraya jJAna ke AdAna-pradAna kA sundara sAdhana hai / upAzraya zabda kI vyutpatti hai upa = utkRSTa + Azraya = sthAna; arthAt vyakti ke liye ghara kevala Azraya hai, jabaki upAzraya ihaloka aura paraloka donoM prakAra ke jIvana ko unnata banAne vAlA evaM dharma sAdhanA ke liye upayukta sthAna upAzraya utkRSTa Azraya hai / dUsarI vyutpatti isa prakAra hai upa = ucita + Azraya = sthAna; arthAt nizcayadRSTi se AtmA ke liye ucita Azraya sthala vaha svayaM hI hai / ataH dharmasthAna upAzraya kahalAtA hai / tIsarI vyutpatti hai samIpa upa = sthAna arthAt jahA~ AtmA apane vizuddha bhAvoM ke pAsa pahu~ca sake, usakA Azraya le sake aisA eka mAtra dhArmika vAtAvaraNa ho; ekAnta, nirAmaya, nirupadrava evaM kAyika, vAcika aura mAnasika kSobha se rahita ho, zAnta - prazAnta ho aura zuddha paramANu ho / yadi ghara meM bhI aisA koI ekAnta sthAna ho, to vahA~ para sAmAyika karanA kSetravizuddhi hai / + Azraya - *** - - -- 3. dravyavizuddhi dravya kA tAtparya bAhya vidhi vidhAnoM yA sAdhanoM se hai / dravya - sAmAyika meM nimna upakaraNoM kI AvazyakatA hotI hai caravalA, mukha- vastrikA ( muhapatti); sthApanAcArya (ThavaNI, pustaka, mAlA) kI sthApanA karanA evaM sAmAyika meM zveta- zuddha vastra Adi sAdhana grahaNa karanA Avazyaka hai / jo upakaraNa sAmAyika yA saMyama kI abhivRddhi meM sahAyaka hoM, aise alpArambha, ahiMsaka evaM upayogI upakaraNa hoM, jisake dvArA jIvoM kI bhalI bhA~ti yatanA ho aise upakaraNoM kA sAmAyika meM upayoga karanA caahiye| yaha jayaNA yA yatanA jIvarakSA ke liye Avazyaka sake caravalA 206 -

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210 jainadarzana meM samatvayoga kI sAdhanA hai| sAmAyika Adi kriyA meM pUMjane-pramArjana yA jIva rakSA ke liye zrAvaka-zrAvikAe~ Una kA jo gucchA rakhatI haiM, usako caravalA kahate haiN| sAdhu-sAdhvI bhI jIva rakSA yA pUMjane-pramArjana ke liye Una kA usase thor3A moTA gucchA rakhate haiM, use oghA yA rajoharaNa kahate haiN| caravale zabda kA artha hai cara+valo = crvlo| cara arthAt calanA, phiranA, uThanA athavA baiThanA; valo arthAt puuNjnaa-prmaarjnaa| sAmAyika meM pUMjanA-pramArjanA karake calanA, phiranA, uThanA aura baiThanA caahiye| isaliye sAmAyika meM caravalA atyanta upayogI upakaraNa hai| isase spaSTa hotA hai ki isakI AvazyakatA jIva rakSA ke liye hai| AtmArthI prANI ko sarvajIvoM ko apanI AtmA ke samAna mAnakara unakI rakSA karanI caahiye| isa caravale kA mApa 32 aMgula kA hotA hai, jisameM DaNDI 24 aMgula kI ora Una kI phaliyAM 8 aMgula kI hotI haiN| Asana (kaTAsana) - Asana ko kaTAsana bhI kahate haiN| kucha loga isako pAdaproJchana/poMcaNu bhI kahate haiN| Asana lagabhaga eka hAtha lambA, cAra hAtha aMgula caur3A hotA hai| sAmAyika karate samaya aisA Asana upayogI hotA hai| komala, gadagade athavA dikhane meM sundara raMga-biraMge phUladAra Asana bichAnA sAmAyika meM ucita nahIM hotA hai| ataH Asana sAdA evaM UnI ho, jisase jIvoM kI yatanA samyak prakAra se ho ske| muMhapatti (mukhavastrikA) - mukha ke Age rakhane kA vstr| sAmAyika meM bolate samaya mukha se cAra aMgula dUra muMhapatti rakhakara bolanA caahiye| yaha eka beMta 4 aMgula lambI aura eka beMta 4 aMgula caur3I hotI hai| muMhapatti hameM aisA pAramArthika bodha detI hai ki sAvadya (hiMsA evaM pApajanaka) vacana nahIM bolane caahiye| sAmAyika meM bolate samaya bhASA samiti kA pUrNataH dhyAna rakhanA caahiye| utsUtra, asatya athavA apriya vacana nahIM bolanA caahiye| khule muMha bolane se samIpastha vastu, pustaka, mAlA tathA sthApanAcArya para thUka girane kI sambhAvanA rahatI hai, jisase AzAtanA ke kAraNa banate haiN| usa AzAtanA se bacane ke liye muMhapatti eka sAdhana hai| muMhapatti kA upayoga vivekapUrvaka karane se saMpAtika trasa (makkhI,

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samatvayoga : sAdhaka, sAdhya aura sAdhanA macchara Adi) jIvoM kI rakSA hotI hai| muMhapatti kI pratilekhanA karate samaya 50 bola bole jAte haiM / 1 sthApanAcArya sAmAyika karate samaya sthApanAcArya kI sthApanA kI jAtI hai / sthApanAcArya kI sAkSI se dharmakriyA vizeSa dRr3ha hotI hai / mAlA bhI kImatI na hokara sUta kI honI cAhiye / bahumUlya mAlA mamatA yA ahaMkAra puSTa karane vAlI hotI hai / sUta kI mAlA hI sabase zuddha mAnI gaI hai| ise navakAravAlI bhI kahA jAtA hai / navakAramaMtra kA jisase jApa kiyA jAya, vaha navakAravAlI, jisameM 108 maNake hote haiN| aisI zaMkA utpanna hotI hai ki mAlA meM 108 maNake hI kyoM hote haiM; to usake uttara meM yahI kahA gayA hai ki arihanta paramAtmA ke 12 guNa; siddha ke AcArya ke 36; upAdhyAya ke 25 aura sAdhu ke 27 isa prakAra paMca parameSThI ke guNoM ko milAne se 108 guNa hote haiM / isIliye mAlA ke bhI 108 maNake hote haiM 1 8; - 211 sAmAyika meM jisa pustaka se svAdhyAya arthAt sva + adhyayana ho sake arthAt apanI AtmA kA adhyayana ho sake yA jisa pustaka ke vAcana se AtmasvarUpa ke sAtha-sAtha adhyAtmavRtti jAgrata ho sake; jisase uttarottara bhAvavizuddhi ho, aisI pustaka kA sAmAyika meM vAcana karanA cAhiye / sAmAyika meM AbhUSaNa Adi dhAraNa karake baiThanA bhI ucita nahIM mAnA gayA hai, kyoMki sAmAyika tyAga kA kSetra hai| ataH usameM tyAga kA bhAva honA atyAvazyaka hai / sAmAyika ke vastra kaTe-phaTe, maile evaM azuddha na ho / vastra zveta, svaccha, dhoye hue yA navIna hone caahiye| kyoMki vastroM kI bAhya ujvalatA se bhAvoM kI ujvalatA para prabhAva par3atA hai| puruSoM ke liye dhotI - dupaTTA tathA striyoM ke liye peTIkoTa, blAuja aura sAr3I hI honI caahiye| sardI Adi ke mausama meM zakti anusAra garma zAla kA upayoga kara sakate haiM, aisA ullekha AcArya haribhadrasUri tathA abhayadeva Adi ke granthoM meM milatA hai| AcArya haribhadrasUri AvazyakavRhadavRtti meM likhate haiM ki 'sAmAiyaM kuNaMto mauDa avaNeti, kuMDalANi, NAmamuchaM puppha taMbola pAvAragamAdI vosirti'|

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212 jainadarzana meM samatvayoga kI sAdhanA AcArya abhayadevasUri paMcAzakavRtti meM kahate haiM ki 'sa ca kila sAmAyikaM kurvan kuNDale, nAmamudrA cApanayati puSpa tAmbUla prAvarAyikaM ca vyutsRjatItyeSa vidhiH saamaayiksy'| uparyukta pramANoM se yaha spaSTa hotA hai ki haribhadrasUri ne bhI pUrva pracalita prAcIna paramparA kA hI ullekha kiyA hai, navIna kA nhiiN| ataH gRhasthaveSocita vastra utAranA hI ucita hai| prAcIna kAla me kevala dhotI aura dupaTTA hI dhAraNa kiyA jAtA thaa| arvAcIna kAla meM pagar3I, koTa, kuratA, pAjAmA Adi pahane jAte haiM, ataH ve utArakara rakhe jAte haiN| striyoM ke liye maryAdita vastra jitanI AvazyakatA ho utane hI vastra dhAraNa kareM, anya vastroM ko parigraha samajha kara tyAga karanA ucita hai| pratyeka vidhi-vidhAna dravya, kSetra, kAla, bhAva Adi ko lakSya meM rakhakara karane caahiye| dravyazuddhi kI isaliye AvazyakatA hai ki dravyazuddhi se bhAva zuddha hote haiN| acche-bure pudgaloM kA mana para asara hotA hai| bAhya vAtAvaraNa antara ke vAtAvaraNa ko prabhAvita karatA hai| ataH mana meM acche vicAra evaM sAtvika bhAva sphurita karane ke liye dravyazuddhi sAdhAraNa sAdhaka ke liye bhI Avazyaka hai| vyavahAradRSTi se bAhya vAtAvaraNa mana ko prabhAvita karatA hai| ataH dravyazuddhi se sAdhaka sAmAyika yA samabhAva meM sthira banA rahatA hai| 4. bhAvavizuddhi - dravyavizuddhi, kSetravizuddhi aura kAlavizuddhi sAdhanA ke bahiraMga tattva hai aura bhAvavizuddhi AtmA kA antaraMga tattva hai| bhAvavizuddhi arthAt mana kI shuddhi| mana kI zuddhi hI sAmAyika yA samatva kI sAdhanA kA sarvasva sAra hai| jIvana ko unnata banAne ke liye mana, vacana aura kAya se hone vAlI duSpravRttiyoM ko rokanA hogaa| antarAtmA meM malinatA paidA karane vAle doSoM kA tyAga karanA hogaa| Arta aura raudra dhyAna se bacanA hogaa| taba hI vyakti kA citta sAmAyika yA samatvayoga meM ekAgra bana sakatA hai| bhAva zuddhi ke liye mana, vacana aura kAyA kI zuddhi kisa prakAra se kI jAtI hai, vaha isa prakAra hai : ___manaHzuddhi - jaise kahA gayA hai- 'mana eva manuSyANAM kAraNaM bandha mokSayoH' arthAt mana hI manuSyoM ke bandha aura mokSa kA kAraNa

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samatvayoga : sAdhaka, sAdhya aura sAdhanA hai / mana ke kAraNa hI saMkalpa-vikalpa uThate haiM; mana ke kAraNa vicAra azubha hote haiM; vicAra ke kAraNa AcaraNa azubha hotA hai aura azubha AcaraNa ke kAraNa vyakti kA samatva bhaMga hotA hai, jisase bhAva zuddhi samyak prakAra se nahIM ho sakatI hai / anya vegoM kI apekSA mana kI gati kA vega ati tIvra hai / Ajakala ke vaijJAnikoM ne bhI siddha kiyA hai ki prakAza kA vega eka sekaNDa meM 1,80,000 mIla hai, vidyuta kA vega 2,88,000 mIla hai, jabaki mana kA vega 22,65,120 mIla hai| isase vicAra kiyA jA sakatA hai ki mana kA pravAha kitanA tIvratama hai / mana hI indriyoM kA rAjA hai, isa mana ke anusAra indriyA~ apanA kArya karatI haiN| mana jaba caMcala ho jAtA hai, to karmoM kA pravAha cAroM ora se umar3a par3atA hai| jaise prasannacandra rAjarSi ko antarmuhUrta jitane alpasamaya meM sAtavIM naraka ke dvAra para pahu~cA diyA jAtA hai aura phira utane hI alpakAla meM ve kevalajJAna, kevaladarzana ke dvAra para pahu~ca jAte haiN| tabhI to kahA hai ki 'mana vijetA jagato vijetA ' isa mana ko jItane vAlA jagat ko jItane vAlA hotA hai| caMcala mana para jaya pAnA hI tattvajJAna kI kuMjI hai / isIliye kahA gayA hai ki 'mana sAdhyu teNe sadhaluM sAdhyuM eha bAta nahIM khoTI' arthAt eka mana ko jItane vAlA saba kucha jIta letA hai / parantu mana kA niyaMtrita karanA kaThina hai / AdhyAtmika yogI zrI AnandaghanajI kahate haiM ki : manaDu kima hi na bAjhe, kunthu jina manaDu kima hi na bAjhe / jema-jema jatana kari ne rAkhu, tema tema alagu bhAge ho / / ' aisA muzkila kArya duHsAdhya hai, kintu asAdhya nahIM hai| jaise-jaise isako sAdhya karate jAyeMge, vaise-vaise guNasthAnaka kI zreNI meM car3hate jaayeNge| mokSa siddhi ke liye manaHzuddhi parama Avazyaka hai / mana pAnI se bhI patalA, dhue~ se bhI bArIka aura pavana se bhI teja gatizIla evaM vidyuta ke vega se bhI tIvra hai / isako kAbU meM kiye binA samatva kI sAdhanA sambhava nahIM ho sakatI / isakI udvelita pravRtti se bhAva zuddhi yA samatva kI sAdhanA meM vikRti AtI hai / mana yA bhAvoM kI zuddhi hI samatva kI sAdhanA hai / vacanazuddhi mana kI zakti parokSa evaM gupta hai| ataH vahA~ kucha 213 --

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214 jainadarzana meM samatvayoga kI sAdhanA pratyakSa dikhAI nahIM pdd'taa| kintu vacanazuddhi to pratyakSa hai| usa para pratyakSa niyantraNa yA aMkuza lagAyA jA sakatA hai| manazuddhi ke sAtha-sAtha vacana zuddhi bhI Avazyaka hai| sAmAyika karate samaya vacana samiti kA pAlana Avazyaka hai| karkaza yA kaThora vacana kA upayoga na karake niravadya (pApa rahita) vacana bolanA caahiye| vacana antaraMga duniyA kA pratibimba hai| kahA bhI hai : 'vacana-vacana ke Atare, vacana ke hAtha na paaNv| eka vacana hai auSadhi, eka vacana hai ghaav||' vacana ko bolane se pahale tolanA atyanta Avazyaka hai| vyakti kA bolA huA eka vacana auSadhi rUpa bana jAtA hai aura eka vacana ghAva rUpa bana jAtA hai| vacana sadaiva hita, mita tathA paramita honA caahiye| bolate samaya bhASA ko lakSya meM rakhakara bolanA caahiye| kama bolanA arthAt vacanasamiti kA pAlana krnaa| vacanazuddhi se bhI bhAvazuddhi ho sakatI hai| ___ kAyazuddhi - kAyazuddhi kA yaha artha zarIra ko sajAnA nahIM hai| kAyazuddhi se abhiprAya hai ki kAyika saMyama rkhnaa| Antarika AcAra kA kArya mana karatA hai aura bAhya AcAra kA kArya zarIra karatA hai| dazavaikAlikasUtra meM kahA gayA hai : 'jayaM care, jayaM ciTe, jayamAse, jayaM se| jayaM bhuMjaMto bhAsaMto, pAvaM kammaM na bndhi||8||136 vyakti ko yatanApUrvaka uThanA, baiThanA, khAnA-pInA, hilanA-DulanA Adi sarvakArya vivekapUrvaka karanA caahiye| yaha dhyAna rakhanA cAhiye ki apane nimitta se prANImAtra ko pIr3A nahIM phuNce| aisA vyakti hI kAyazuddhi kA saccA sAdhaka hotA hai| jaba taka hamArA bAhya kAyika AcaraNa zuddha evaM anukaraNIya nahIM hotA, taba taka Antarika zuddhi sambhava nahIM hai| Antarika zuddhi ke pahale bAhya zuddhi Avazyaka hai| uparyukta cAroM zuddhi kI hamane carcA kii| ye cAroM zuddhi sAmAyika karane se pUrva Avazyaka haiN| taba hI hamArA citta ekAgra bana sakatA hai| sAmAyika sAdhanA kA pramukha lakSya hI yahI honA 136 dazavaikAlikasUtra 4 /

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samatvayoga : sAdhaka, sAdhya aura sAdhanA cAhiye ki svAnubhUtiyoM kI gaharAIyoM meM utarakara AtmAnanda kA rasAsvAdana krnaa| usase eka abhUtapUrva AtmAnubhUti hotI hai / sAmAyika sadgRhastha kA Atma kavaca hai / isase nirgranthatA kI dizA meM kadama bar3hate haiM / sAmAyika hamAre jIvana meM zAnti kI sandeza vAhikA hai| isameM praveza karane se samabhAva meM dRr3hatA AtI hai / 3.7 samatvayoga kI sAdhanA vidhi 1 137 jaisA ki hamane pUrva meM batAyA samatvayoga kA sAdhya samatva yA samabhAva kI upalabdhi hai| yahI vItarAgadazA hai aura yahI mokSa hai / samatvayoga kI sAdhaka AtmA bhI apane svasvarUpa yA svabhAva lakSaNa kI apekSA se to samatva se yukta hai / kintu vartamAna meM rAga-dveSa evaM icchA-AkA~kSAjanya viSamatAoM yA tanAvoM se grasta hai / phira bhI jo samatva yA vItarAgatA ko prApta karane kA icchuka hai, vahI samatvayoga kA sAdhaka hai / jahA~ taka samatvayoga ke sAdhanAmArga kA prazna hai, vaha bhI samatva, samatA yA vItarAgadazA kI prApti kA prayatna hI hai / tattvArthasUtra meM AcArya umAsvAti dvArA spaSTa rUpa se yaha kahA gayA hai ki samyagdarzana, samyagjJAna, aura samyak cAritra hI mokSa mArga hai / ' AcArya kundakunda ne samayasAra evaM niyamasAra meM aura AcArya hemacandra ne yogazAstra meM kahA hai ki jJAna, darzana aura cAritra yaha AtmA hI hai / isa prakAra ve sAdhanAmArga aura sAdhaka meM tAdAtmya svIkAra karate haiM / yaha satya hai ki samyagdarzana, samyagjJAna aura samyakcAritra kI sattA yA astittva AtmA se pRthak nahIM hai / phira bhI vyavahAra ke stara para inheM AtmA se pRthak mAnA hai / anyathA sAdhya, sAdhaka aura sAdhanAmArga meM koI antara hI nahIM raha jAtA hai / vastutaH samyagdarzana, samyagjJAna aura samyak cAritra se AtmA abhinna hokara bhI ve usakI paryAyadazA ke sUcaka haiN| paryAya dravya se kathaMcita bhinna aura kathaMcita abhinna hotI hai| ye samyagdarzana Adi rUpa paryAyeM sabhI AtmA meM nahIM hotI haiM / ataH ve kathaMcita bhinna aura kathaMcita abhinna hotI haiM / isa sambandha meM DaoN. 137 tattvArthasUtra 1/1 1 215

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216 jainadarzana meM samatvayoga kI sAdhanA sAgaramala jaina likhate haiM38 ki manovaijJAnika dRSTi se mAnavIya cetanA ke tIna pakSa mAne gaye haiM - jJAna, bhAva aura sNklp| jIvana kA sAdhya cetanA ke ina tInoM pakSoM kA vikAsa mAnA gayA haiN| ataH yaha Avazyaka hI thA ki ina tInoM pakSoM ke vikAsa ke liye trividha sAdhanAmArga kA vidhAna kiyA jaay| cetanA ke bhAvAtmaka pakSoM ko samyak (samyaktvapUrNa) banAne aura usake vikAsa ke liye samyagdarzana yA zraddhA kI sAdhanA kA vidhAna kiyA gayA hai| isI prakAra jJAnAtmaka pakSa ke liye jJAna kA aura saMkalpAtmaka pakSa ke liye cAritra kA vidhAna hai| isa prakAra hama dekhate haiM ki trividha sAdhanAmArga ke vikAsa ke pIche eka manovaijJAnika dRSTi rahI hai| . vastutaH yahA~ hama dekhate haiM, ki hamArI bhAvanAoM ke asantulana ko samApta karane ke liye samyagdarzana kA, hamAre jJAna ko santulita karane ke liye yA jJAnajanya vivAdoM ke samAdhAna ke liye samyagjJAna kA aura kaSAya aura vAsanAjanya tathA icchA aura AkA~kSA janya tanAvoM ko samApta karane ke liye samyakacAritra kA upadeza diyA gayA hai| yadi hama manovaijJAnika dRSTi se vicAra kareM, to hamAre vaiyaktika yA sAmAjika jIvana meM tanAva va saMgharSoM kA kAraNa dRSTirAga yA Agrahabuddhi hI hotA hai| hama itane AgrahazIla bana jAte haiM ki dUsaroM kI anubhUtiyoM aura vicAroM ko mithyA mAnane laga jAte haiN| isa Agraha buddhi aura apane sImita jJAna kI sImA ko na samajhane kAraNa hI vivAdoM kA janma hotA hai aura usase cetanA tanAvayukta banatI hai| samyagdarzana aura samyagjJAna kI sAdhanA kA mukhya lakSya vivAdoM ke ghere se Upara uThakara caitasika samatva ko banAye rakhanA hai| jainadarzana meM samyagdarzana ke liye Agraha aura ekAnta se Upara uThanA Avazyaka mAnA gayA hai| usameM samyagdarzana ke nimna pAMca aMga mAne gaye haiM : 138 'jaina, bauddha aura gItA ke AcAra darzanoM kA tulanAtmaka adhyayana' bhAga 1 pR. 455 / -DaoN. sAgaramala jaina /

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samatvayoga : sAdhaka, sAdhya aura sAdhanA 217 1. sama; 2. saMvega; 3. nirveda; 4. anukampA; aura 5. aastiky|26 ina pAMca aMgoM meM bhI sam ko pradhAnatA dI gaI hai| samabhAva ke binA na to saMvega sambhava hai aura na nirveda yA vairAgya hii| jainadarzana meM jo samyagdarzana kI sAdhanA batAI gaI hai, vaha mUlataH samatvayoga kI sAdhanA hI hai| kyoMki samatva kI sAdhanA ke binA darzana yA vRtti samyak nahIM bntii| isI prakAra jainadarzana meM samyagjJAna meM mukhya rUpa se do pakSoM para vistAra se carcA kI gaI hai : 1. bheda vijJAna arthAt Atma anAtma kA viveka; tathA 2. anekaant| samyagjJAna ko bheda vijJAna kahA gayA hai| vaha Atma-anAtma yA sva-para kA viveka hai| sAdhaka jaba taka sva-para ke bheda ko nahIM samajhatA hai athavA usameM Atma-anAtma ke viveka kA vikAsa nahIM hotA hai, taba taka padArthoM ke prati usakI Asakti samApta nahIM hotI hai| jaba taka vyakti meM rAga banA huA hai, taba taka dveSa kI bhI sattA rahatI hai| rAga-dveSa ke kAraNa AtmA kA samatva bhaMga hotA hai| bheda-vijJAna yA Atma-anAtma viveka kA kArya hamArI Asakti yA rAga bhAva ko samApta karatA hai| rAga ke samApta hone para hI cetanA meM samatva kA vikAsa hotA hai| isa prakAra samyagjJAna kI sAdhanA mUlataH samatvayoga kI sAdhanA hai| samyagdarzana aura samyagjJAna ke svarUpa Adi ke sambandha meM hama pUrva adhyAya meM carcA kara cuke haiN| yahA~ hamArA uddezya mAtra yaha batAnA hai ki samyagdarzana aura samyagjJAna kI sAdhanA vastutaH samatvayoga kI hI sAdhanA hai| samyakcAritra kI sAdhanA bhI samatvayoga kI hI sAdhanA hai| kyoMki samyakcAritra kI sAdhanA kA mukhya lakSya bhI krodha, mAna, mAyA aura lobha rUpa cAroM kaSAyoM tathA pAMcoM indriyoM evaM mana para saMyama sthApita karanA hai| indriyoM ke mAdhyama se vyakti kI cetanA 136 'zama-saMvega-nirvedA'nukampA''stikyalakSaNaiH / ___lakSaNaiH paMcabhiH samyak samyakatvamupalakSyate / / 15 / / ' yogazAstra 2 / 140 'jaina, bauddha aura gItA ke AcAra darzanoM kA tulanAtmaka adhyayana' bhAga 1 pR. 455 / ___ -DaoN. sAgaramala jaina /

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jainadarzana meM samatvayoga kI sAdhanA padArthoM ke prati Asakta banatI hai / indriyoM ke dvArA hameM jo samvedana prApta hote haiM, ve yA to anukUla hote haiM yA pratikUla hote haiM / anukUla ke prati rAga utpanna hotA hai aura pratikUla ke prati dveSa / rAga-dveSa ke kAraNa cetanA kA samatva bhaMga hotA hai / rAga ke kAraNa AkA~kSA aura icchA kA janma hotA hai / jo padArthajanya samvedana anukUla lagate haiM, unheM hama bAra-bAra pAnA cAhate haiM arthAt unako bAra-bAra pAne kI icchA hotI hai / icchAoM ke kAraNa hI cetanA kA samatva bhaMga hotA hai / samyakcAritra kA kAma mukhya rUpa se icchA aura AkA~kSA se Upara uThane kA hI hai / uttarAdhyayanasUtra meM kahA gayA hai ki eka mana yA AtmA para vijaya prApta karane se pAMcoM indriyoM para vijaya prApta hotI hai tathA pAMcoM indriyoM para vijaya prApta karane se vyakti cAroM kaSAyoM para vijaya prApta kara letA hai / ina para vijaya prApta kara lene se usakI cetanA samatva se yukta ho jAtI hai / samyakcAritra kA lakSya isI samatvapUrNa avasthA yA samvedana ko prApta karanA hai / yaha vItarAgadazA kI upalabdhi hai aura yahI samatvayoga kI pUrNatA hai| isa prakAra jainadarzana meM jo samyagdarzana, samyagjJAna aura samyakcAritra kI sAdhanA batAI gaI hai, vaha samatva kI sAdhanA hI hai / hamAre bhAva yA anubhUti, hamArA jJAna aura hamArA AcaraNa tanAvoM aura vikSobhoM se rahita bane, yahI samatvayoga kI sAdhanA kA lakSya hai aura ise hI jainadarzana meM trividha sAdhanAmArga ke rUpa meM prasthApita kiyA gayA hai / / / tRtIya adhyAya samApta / / 218

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adhyAya 4 samatvayoga kI vaiyaktika evaM sAmAjika sAdhanA 4. 1 samatva kI vaiyaktika sAdhanA samatva kI sAdhanA do staroM para sambhava hai| (1) vaiyaktika; aura (2) sAmAjika / samatva kI vaiyaktika sAdhanA kA tAtparya cittavRtti kA samatva hai, mana kA rAga-dveSa aura vAsanAjanya AvegoM se rahita honA samatvayoga kI vaiyaktika sAdhanA hai / isakA mukhya lakSya cittavRtti kA samatva hai / isake dvArA vyakti apanI AtmazAnti ko prApta karatA hai aura tanAvoM se mukta banatA hai / usakA jIvana anAsakta hotA hai / vaha samAja meM rahakara akelA aura deha meM dehAtIta hokara rahatA hai / pArivArika aura sAmAjika sambandhoM meM anAsakta hotA hai / samatvayoga kI vaiyaktika sAdhanA kA tAtparya hai vyakti apane rAga-dveSa aura kaSAyoM ke AvegoM ko kama kare yA samApta kare; unase Upara Ane kA prayatna kare / vaha samatvayoga kI vaiyaktika sAdhanA samAja nirapekSa hokara bhI kara sakatA hai yA bhIr3a meM rahakara bhI akelA jIne kA abhyAsa kara sakatA hai / kintu vyakti apane Apa meM vyakti hone ke sAtha-sAtha sAmAjika bhI hai I vaiyaktika sAdhanA aura sAmAjika sAdhanA donoM alaga-alaga haiM / kyoMki vaiyaktika sAdhanA kA lakSya cittavRtti kA samatva hai; jabaki samatvayoga kI sAmAjika sAdhanA kA lakSya sAmAjika zAnti va suvyavasthA hai / vyakti kA jIvana ekAMkI nahIM hotA / vaha samAja meM rahakara hI jItA hai / mAtra yahI nahIM, sAmAjika parivartana evaM sAmAjika azAnti aura avyavasthA usake caitasika samatva ko bhI bhaMga karate haiN| hama sAmAjika jIvana aura bAhya pariveza se pUrNataH alaga-thalaga nahIM raha sakate / samatvayoga kI vaiyaktika sAdhanA

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220 jainadarzana meM samatvayoga kI sAdhanA samatvayoga kI sAmAjika sAdhanA ke binA adhUrI hotI hai| kyoMki vyakti apane Apa meM vyakti bhI hai aura samAja bhI hai| jaina dharma nivRttimArgI dharma hai aura isa AdhAra para prAyaH yaha samajhA jAtA hai ki yaha vaiyaktika sAdhanA kA hI pakSadhara hai| kintu yaha socanA samyak nhiiN| jaina dharma nivRttimArga dharma hote hue bhI saMghIya dharma hai| usameM saMgha kI mahattA batAI gaI hai| saMgha kI mahattA ko batAte hue nandIsUtra meM vistAra se vivecana upalabdha hotA hai| yadyapi tIrthaMkara saMgha ke saMsthApaka hote haiM, phira bhI ve pravacana sabhA meM baiThakara 'namo titthassa' kahakara saMgha ko namaskAra karate haiN| vyakti cAhe kitanA hI samAja meM asantRpta hokara jInA cAhe, kintu vaha samAja se pUrNataH kaTakara nahIM jI sakatA hai| jo sAdhu-sAdhvI samatvayoga kI vaiyaktika sAdhanA karate haiM, ve bhI samAja nirapekSa hokara nahIM jI sakate haiN| samatvayoga kI vaiyaktika sAdhanA kA sambandha hamAre caitasika samatva se hotA hai| vaha cittavRtti kI samatA hai| jabaki samatvayoga kI sAmAjika sAdhanA kA tAtparya vyakti kA vyavahAra hotA hai|' samatvayoga kI vaiyaktika sAdhanA Antarika sAdhanA hai| jabaki samatvayoga kI sAmAjika sAdhanA bAhya sAdhanA hai - vyavahAragata sAdhanA hai| samatvayoga kI sAdhanA meM vaiyaktika aura sAmAjika donoM hI sAdhanAe~ Avazyaka haiN| vaise samatvayoga kI vaiyaktika sAdhanA arthAt cittavRtti ke samatva ke binA samatvayoga kI sAmAjika yA vyavahArika sAdhanA sambhava nahI hai| kyoMki vyavahAra hamAre antara kI vRttiyoM kI hI bAhya abhivyakti hai| ataH yaha to Avazyaka hai ki samatvayoga kI sAdhanA ke kSetra meM sarvaprathama samatvayoga kI vaiyaktika sAdhanA hI karanI hogii| usake abhAva meM sAmAjika sAdhanA sambhava nahIM hogii| kevala vaiyaktika sAdhanA bhI taba taka adhUrI kahI jAyegI, jaba taka vyakti ke bAhya vyavahAra arthAt dUsare prANiyoM ke sAtha usake sambandha meM parivartana nahIM AtA - usakI cittavRtti kA samatva yadi usake bAhya vyavahAra meM abhivyakta nahIM hotA hai, to usakI vaha samatvayoga kI sAdhanA adhUrI hI hai| usake ' 'jaina, bauddha aura gItA ke AcAra darzanoM kA tulanAtmaka adhyayana' bhAga 2 pR. 165 / -DaoN. sAgaramala jaina /

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samatvayoga kI vaiyaktika evaM sAmAjika sAdhanA 221 vyavahAra meM kahIM na kahIM ahiMsA, anekAnta aura aparigraha kA prakaTana honA caahiye| tabhI usakI vaiyaktika sAdhanA kI sArthakatA hai| yaha satya hai ki samatvayoga kI vaiyaktika sAdhanA aura sAmAjika sAdhanA ke kSetra alaga-alaga haiN| kintu ye eka dUsare se asantRpta nahIM haiN| kyoMki hamArA vyaktitva hI aisA hai, jisameM samAja nirapekSa vyakti aura vyakti nirapekSa samAja kI kalpanA nahIM kara skte| vyakti ko vaiyaktika stara aura sAmAjika stara donoM para jInA hotA hai| ataH usake liye yaha Avazyaka hai ki vaha samatvayoga kI vaiyaktika sAdhanA ke sAtha-sAtha usakI sAmAjika sAdhanA bhI kare arthAt usakI vRttiyoM ke parivartana ke sAtha-sAtha usake vyavahAra meM bhI parivartana AnA caahiye| jisa prakAra samatva kI vaiyaktika sAdhanA rAga yA Asakti se Upara uThakara kI jA sakatI hai, usI prakAra samatva kI sAmAjika sAdhanA bhI rAga yA Asakti se Upara uThakara hI sambhava hai| rAgAtmaka vRtti ke kAraNa vyakti samatva ke patha se vicalita ho patanonmukhI ho jAtA hai| jaba taka jIvana meM zoSaNa, krUra vyavahAra, ghRNA Adi hoMge, taba taka samatva kI sAmAjika sAdhanA saphala nahIM ho sakatI hai| samatva kI vaiyaktika sAdhanA meM rAgAtmaka yA mamatva buddhi kA pUrNataH visarjana ho sakatA hai| lekina kyA samatva kA sAmAjika sAdhanA meM bhI parityAga kiyA jA sakatA hai? svahita kI vRtti cAhe vyakti ke prati saghana ho, cAhe parivAra ke prati saghana ho, to vaha sAmAjika sAdhanA ke liye virodhI hI hogii| usase sAmAjika sAdhanA phalita nahIM ho sakatI hai aura cetanA kA vikAsa bhI nahIM ho sktaa| sabhI ke prati samabhAva se hI samatva kI vaiyaktika sAdhanA evaM sAmAjika sAdhanA saphala ho sakatI hai| sAmAjika sAdhanA tyAga evaM samarpaNa ke AdhAra para khar3I hotI hai aura sampUrNa mAnava jAti ke sumadhura sambandhoM kA nirmANa kara sakatI hai| ataH vItarAgatA yA anAsakta dRSTi hI sAmAjika sAdhanA ke liye vAstavika AdhAra prastuta kara sakatI hai| jaba sAmAjika jIvana meM viSamatA evaM TakarAhaTa ke kAraNa upasthita hote 2 'jaina, bauddha aura gItA ke AcAra darzanoM kA tulanAtmaka adhyayana' bhAga 2 pR. 153 / -DaoN. sAgaramala jaina /

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222 jainadarzana meM samatvayoga kI sAdhanA haiM, to ve citta ke samatva ko bhaMga karate haiN| Asakti, mamatvabhAva yA rAga ke kAraNa vyakti meM saMgraha, Aveza aura kapaTAcAra kA janma hotA hai| ye sabhI samatva kI vaiyaktika sAdhanA aura sAmAjika sAdhanA meM bAdhaka hote haiN| rAgAtmakatA yA Asakti viSamatA ko utpanna karatI hai| usa viSamatA ke cAra mUlabhUta prArUpa haiM : 1. saMgraha (lobha); 2. Aveza (krodha); 3. garva (ahaMkAra); aura 4. mAyA (chipaanaa)| inako jaina dharma meM cAra kaSAya kahA gayA hai| ye cAroM alaga-alaga rUpa meM sAmAjika jIvana meM viSamatA, saMgharSa evaM azAnti ke kAraNa banate haiN| saMgraha kI manovRtti ke kAraNa zoSaNa, aprAmANikatA, svArthapUrNa vyavahAra, krUra vyavahAra, vizvAsaghAta Adi vikasita hote haiN| krodha kI manovRtti ke kAraNa saMgharSa, yuddha, AkramaNa evaM hatyAe~ Adi hotI hai| garva kI manovRtti ke kAraNa ghRNA aura krUra vyavahAra hotA hai| mAyA kI manovRtti ke kAraNa avizvAsa evaM amaitrIpUrNa vyavahAra utpanna hotA hai| isa prakAra jainadarzana meM jinheM cAra kaSAya kahA jAtA hai, unhIM ke kAraNa sAmAjika samatva bhaMga hotA hai| yadi samatva kI sAmAjika sAdhanA karanA hai, to inakA nirodha Avazyaka hai| jaina dharma kA sAdhaka kaSAya-jaya ke dvArA viSamatAoM ko samApta karane kA prayatna karatA hai| jaina dharma meM pAMca mahAvrata kA jo vidhAna hai vaha pUrNataH samatva kI sAmAjika sAdhanA ke sandarbha meM hI hai| hiMsA, mRSAvacana, corI, maithuna-sevana (vyabhicAra) evaM saMgrahavRtti - ye sAmAjika jIvana kI duSpravRttiyA~ haiN| inase bacane ke liye pAMca mahAvratoM kA upadeza diyA gayA hai| samatva kI sAmAjika stara para sAdhanA karane vAlA vyakti inakA parityAga karatA hai| taba hI vaha samAja kalyANa kI uccatara bhUmikA para adhiSThita hotA hai| kyoMki saccA lokahita niHsvArthatA evaM virAga kI bhUmi para sthita hokara hI kiyA jA sakatA hai| bhagavAna buddha kA yaha kathana - 'carattha bhikkhave cArikaM bahujana hitAya bahujana sukhAya lokAnukampAya 33 dekheM - 'naitikatA kA gurutvAkarSaNa' pR. 2 / -AcArya mahAprajJa /

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samatvayoga kI vaiyaktika evaM sAmAjika sAdhanA 223 atthAya hitAya deva manussAnaM' loka maMgala ke liye hI hai| saccA sanyAsI vaha vyakti hai, jo samAja se alpatama lekara use adhikatama detA hai| samatvayogI meM apane parAye kI bheda rekhA nahIM hotii| vaha inase Upara uTha jAtA hai| vaha to apanI kartavyapUrNa bhUmikA yA dharma ko nibhAtA hai| jaise kahA hai : ___ 'sama dRSTi jIvar3A, kare kuTumba prtipaal| antara sUM nyArA rahe, jUM dhAya khilAve baal|| vastutaH nirmamatva evaM niHsvArtha bhAva tathA vaiyaktika svArtha se rahita hokara lokahita meM apane kartavya kA pAlana hI samatvayogI kI saccI bhUmikA hai| samatvayoga kA sAdhaka vaha vyakti hai, jo loka kalyANa ke liye tana, mana yA sampUrNa jIvana ko samarpita kara de| usakA tyAga samAja ke liye Adarza rUpa hotA hai| ataH sAmAjika jIvana meM samatvayoga kI sAdhanA ke liye bhI rAga-dveSa evaM kaSAyoM se Upara uThanA Avazyaka hai| 4.2 sAmAjika viSamatA ke kAraNa sAmAjika sambandhoM meM viSamatA ke utpanna hone kA mUla kAraNa hI rAga-dveSa hai| yahI rAga-dveSa ke tattva jaba kisI vyakti yA varga para kendrita hote haiM, to apane aura parAye ke bheda utpanna karake sAmAjika sambandhoM ko azuddha banA dete haiM aura varga-saMgharSa ko janma dete haiN| sAmudAyika jIvana ke ye sambandha pAMca prakAra ke hai : 1. vyakti aura parivAra; 2. vyakti aura jAti; 3. vyakti aura samAja; 4. vyakti aura rASTra, aura 5. vyakti aura vizva / jaba ye sambandha rAga-dveSa ke AdhAra para khar3e hote haiM, taba ina sambandhoM ke mUla meM viSamatA svAbhAvika rUpa se upasthita rahatI hai| rAga ke kAraNa 'merA' yA 'mamatva' kA bhAva utpanna hotA hai| mere 4 'jaina, bauddha aura gItA ke AcAra darzanoM kA tulanAtmaka adhyayana' bhAga 2, pR. 156-57 / -DaoN. sAgaramala jaina / 5 vahI pR. 468 /

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224 jainadarzana meM samatvayoga kI sAdhanA sambandhI, merI jAti, merA dharma aura merA rASTra - ye vicAra gatizIla hote jAte haiN| kintu, jahA~ svArtha kI bhAvanA panapa jAtI hai, vahA~ sambandhoM meM TakarAhaTa prArambha ho jAtI hai; jo viSamatA kA kAraNa bana jAtI hai| isa prakAra sAmAjika viSamatA ke utpanna hone ke cAra mUlabhUta kAraNa haiM : 1. saMgraha; 2. Aveza; 3. garva (bar3A mAnanA); aura 4. mAyA (chipaanaa)| inheM jaina paramparA meM cAra kaSAya kahate haiN| yahI cAra kAraNa alaga alaga rUpa meM sAmAjika jIvana meM viSamatA, saMgharSa evaM azAnti ke kAraNa banate haiN| 1. saMgraha kI manovRtti ke kAraNa zoSaNa, apramANikatA, svArthapUrNa vyavahAra, krUra vyavahAra, bhraSTAcAra, lUTapATa, vizvAsaghAta Adi bar3hate haiN| 2. Aveza ke pariNAmasvarUpa nagaNya, mahattvahIna para-padArthoM meM 'sva' kA AropaNa hokara saMgharSa, yuddha, AkramaNa evaM hatyAe~ Adi hotI haiN| 3. garva kI manovRtti ke kAraNa ghRNA, hInatva kI bhAvanA aura krUra vyavahAra hotA hai| 4. mAyA ke pariNAmasvarUpa avizvAsa evaM amaitrIpUrNa vyavahAra utpanna hotA hai| jainadarzana inhIM cAra kaSAyoM ke nirodha ko samatvayoga kI sAdhanA kA AdhAra banAtA hai aura samatvayoga kI sAdhanA dvArA sAmAjika viSamatAoM ko samApta kara sAmAjika samatva kI sthApanA kA prayatna karatA hai| sAmAjika kSetra meM U~ca-nIca, chuAchUta, jAtigata bhedabhAva, raMgabheda, rASTrabheda, prAntabheda, vargabheda Adi ko lekara rAga-dveSa kA jAla bichA huA hai| rAga-dveSa kI upasthiti se vizva maitrI to dUra rahI, parivAra maitrI ke darzana bhI nahIM ho paate| jahA~ mana meM bhedabhAva kI rekhA khiMca jAtI hai, rAga-dveSa, moha-ghRNA Adi viSamatAoM kA rAjya ho jAtA hai aura jahA~ ghRNA aura vidveSa kI vRtti hotI hai, vahA~ sAmAjika samatA, maitrI evaM zAnti kahA~ raha sakatI hai| 6 'jaina, bauddha aura gItA ke AcAra darzanoM kA tulanAtmaka adhyayana' bhAga 1 pR. 155 / -DaoN. sAgaramala jaina /

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samatvayoga kI vaiyaktika evaM sAmAjika sAdhanA 1 sAmAjika samatA kI sthApanA meM jo bAdhaka tattva hai, vaha parAyepana kA bhAva athavA ghRNA aura vidveSa kI vRtti hai| jaba rAga-dveSa ke kAraNa vyakti kucha ko apanA, kucha ko parAyA mAna letA hai, to sAmAjika jIvana meM pArasparika ghRNA aura vidveSa kI vRtti vikasita hotI hai / jisa vyakti aura samAja meM ghRNA aura vidveSa kI vRtti rahegI vahA~ sAmAjika samatA sambhava nahIM hai| sAmAjika samatA kI sthApanA ke liye yaha Avazyaka hai ki paraspara ghRNA aura vidveSa kA abhAva ho / samatvayoga kI sAdhanA meM rAga-dveSa kA tyAga Avazyaka mAnA gayA hai / rAga-dveSa ke tyAga ke pariNAmasvarUpa apane aura parAyepana kA bhAva nahIM rahatA hai / apane aura parAyepana kA bhAva samApta hone para Atmavat dRSTi kA vikAsa hotA hai / phalataH ghRNA aura vidveSa svAbhAvika rUpa se samApta ho jAte haiN| ghRNA aura vidveSa ke samApta hone para sAmAjika samatA kI sthApanA hotI hai / isI krama meM samaNasuttaM meM kahA gayA hai ki tU jo apane liye nahIM cAhatA, vaha dUsaroM ke prati mata kara aura jo apane liye cAhatA hai, vaha dUsaroM ke liye kr| jaba isa prakAra kI dRSTi kA vikAsa hotA hai, to vyavahAra samatvapUrNa banatA hai aura usase sAmAjika jIvana meM samarasatA AtI hai / gItA meM bhI kahA gayA hai ki jo sabhI prANiyoM ko Atmavat dekhatA hai, vahI samyagdRSTA hai / " jainadarzana meM pratyeka jIvAtmA kI svatantra sattA mAnI gaI hai| vaha sabako Atmavat mAnakara AcaraNa karane kA nirdeza detA hai / sAmAjika viSamatA ke nirAkaraNa ke do hI AdhAra ho sakate haiN| 1. sabhI prANiyoM ke prati Atmavat dRSTi ( Atmavat sarva bhUteSu .); aura 2. pArasparika ekatva kI anubhUti / IzAvAsyopaniSad meM RSi kahate haiM ki jo sabhI prANiyoM ko apane meM aura apane ko sabhI prANiyoM meM dekhatA hai, use isa ekatva kI anubhUti ke kAraNa kisI ke prati bhI ghRNA nahIM rahatI hai / isa prakAra ekatva kI anubhUti se bhI apane va parAyepana kA 7 chi 225 'AtmanaH pratikUlAni pareSAM na samAcaret / ' 'Atmaupamyena sarvatra samaM pazyati yo'rjuna / sukhaM vA yadi vA duHkhaM sa yogI paramo mataH / / 32 / / ' - zramaNasUtra pR. 55 / - gItA 6 /

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226 jainadarzana meM samatvayoga kI sAdhanA bhAva samApta ho jAtA hai aura tadjanya ghRNA aura vidveSa bhI nahIM rahatA hai| jaba vaiyaktika aura sAmAjika jIvana se ghRNA aura vidveSa samApta ho jAte haiM, to sAmAjika viSamatA ke liye koI AdhAra nahIM bacatA hai| sAmAjika viSamatA kA dUsarA kAraNa apane ko zreSTha aura dUsare ko hIna samajhane kI bhAvanA hai| ahaMkAra kI vRtti yA mAna kaSAya ke kAraNa vyakti apane ko U~cA aura dUsare ko nIcA samajhane lagatA hai| yaha U~ca-nIca kI bhAvanA sAmAjika vidveSa aura ghRNA kA kAraNa banatI hai aura pariNAmasvarUpa sAmAjika jIvana meM viSamatA utpanna hotI hai| samatvayoga kI sAdhanA meM vyakti ko ahaMkAra yA mAna kaSAya se Upara uThane kI preraNA dI gaI hai| ahaMkAra ke kAraNa vyakti apane ko dUsaroM kI apekSA zreSTha mAnatA hai to svayaM apane aura samAja ke jIvana meM tanAva utpanna karatA hai aura usake kAraNa sAmAjika samatA bhaMga ho jAtI hai| ataH sAmAjika samatA kI sthApanA ke liye ahaMkAra kI bhAvanA yA U~ca-nIca kI vRtti ko samApta karanA Avazyaka hai| samatvayoga kI sAdhanA kA mukhya uddezya yahI hai ki vyakti vaiyaktika jIvana ke sAtha-sAtha sAmAjika jIvana meM bhI ahaMkAra se mukta rhe| tanAvoM se mukta rahane ke liye use ahaMkAra chor3anA pdd'egaa| jaba ahaMkAra nahIM rahegA, to samAja meM bhI U~ca-nIca ke bhAva nahIM raheMge aura U~ca-nIca ke bhAva kA abhAva hone para sAmAjika jIvana meM svataH hI samatA kI sthApanA ho jaayegii| 4.3 vaiyaktika aura sAmAjika jIvana ke saMgharSa isa prakAra hama dekhate haiM ki sAmAjika jIvana meM svArtha kI vRtti hI saMgharSa aura viSamatA kA mUla kAraNa banatI hai| isake pariNAmasvarUpa vaiyaktika evaM sAmAjika sukha-zAnti lupta ho jAtI hai| svArtha ke kAraNa hI viSamatA kA janma hotA hai aura viSamatA _ 'yastu sarvANi bhUtAnyAtmanyevAnupazyati / sarvabhUteSu cAtmAnaM tato na vijugupsate / / 6 / / ' -IzAvASyopaniSad /

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samatvayoga kI vaiyaktika evaM sAmAjika sAdhanA 227 saMgharSa ko janma detI hai| yaha saMgharSa zAnti ko bhaMga karatA hai| isa prakAra jahA~ svArtha kI vRtti jIvita rahegI, vahA~ paramArtha yA lokamaMgala kI bhAvanA sambhava nahIM hogii| svArtha ke kAraNa vyakti anyAyI, atyAcArI evaM nirdayI bana jAtA hai| vaha kevala svayaM ke hita kA hI cintana karatA hai| usakI icchA yahI rahatI hai ki vizva kI samagra sampadA mere adhIna ho, sarvatra merA yazogAna ho| paramArtha yA lokamaMgala kI bhAvanA tabhI sambhava ho sakatI hai, jaba vyakti kA svArthavRtti para niyantraNa ho| samatvayoga kI sAdhanA kA lakSya svArtha para niyantraNa karanA hI hai| _svArtha eka bA~dha kI taraha hotA hai| vaha sabhI kucha apane meM sameTanA cAhatA hai| kintu bA~dha ke niyantraNa meM yadi thor3I sI asAvadhAnI hotI hai, to vaha maryAdA ko tor3akara sarvatra hAhAkAra macA detA hai| isa prakAra svArtha-vRtti ke aniyantrita hone se sAmAjika samatA naSTa hotI hai| vyakti tathA samAja meM saMgharSoM kA janma hotA hai| mAnavIya jIvana meM ye saMgharSa prAyaH cAra rUpoM meM dekhane ko milate haiM : 1. manovRttiyoM kA Antarika saMgharSa; 2. vyakti kI Antarika abhirUciyoM aura bAhya paristhitiyoM kA saMgharSa; 3. vaiyaktika hita aura sAmAjika hita kA saMgharSa; aura 4. samAjoM ke pArasparika saMgharSa / Age hama inakI kramazaH carcA kreNge| 1. manovRttiyoM kA Antarika saMgharSa svArthI vyakti apanI icchAoM aura AkAMkSAoM kI pUrti karanA cAhatA hai| kintu usakI icchAe~ aura AkAMkSAe~ aneka hotI haiN| sarvaprathama to ina icchAoM aura AkAMkSAoM kI upasthiti ke kAraNa usakA Antarika samatva bhaMga hotA hai| icchA kI upasthiti hI tanAva kI sUcaka hai| ataH unake kAraNa vyakti kA Antarika samatva yA mAnasika zAnti bhaMga ho jAtI hai| mAtra eka icchA hI nahIM, apitu usake sAmane aneka icchAe~ apanI santuSTi ke liye upasthita hotI haiN| kintu use una sabhI icchAoM meM se kisI eka ko prAthamikatA denA hotA hai| kisa icchA ko prAthamikatA dI jAye - isako lekara icchAoM ke madhya eka Antarika saMgharSa prArambha ho

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228 jainadarzana meM samatvayoga kI sAdhanA jAtA hai| udAharaNa ke liye vyakti eka ora athAha sampatti kA svAmI honA cAhatA hai, to dUsarI ora indriyA~ viSaya bhogoM ke mAdhyama se apanI santuSTi cAhatI haiN| eka ora sampatti ke saMcaya kI AkAMkSA hotI hai, to dUsarI ora usake vyaya kI icchA hotI hai| inhIM icchAoM ke saMgharSa ke kAraNa hI vyakti kA citta azAnta rahatA hai aura usakA caitasika samatva bhaMga ho jAtA hai| samatvayoga kI sAdhanA icchAoM aura AkAMkSAoM ke niyantraNa ke mAdhyama se manovRttiyoM ke Antarika saMgharSa ko samApta karane kA prayatna karatI hai| samatvayoga kA jIvana darzana yaha hai ki jahA~ icchAe~ aura AkAMkSAe~ hotI haiM, vahA~ caitasika samatva yA Antarika zAnti kA abhAva. hotA hai| caitasika samatva yA Antarika zAnti ke liye vyakti ko icchAoM aura AkAMkSAoM se Upara uThanA Avazyaka hai| icchAoM aura AkAMkSAoM se Upara uThane kA yaha prayatna hI samatvayoga kI sAdhanA hai| 2. vyakti kI Antarika abhirUciyoM aura bAhya paristhitiyoM kA saMgharSa bhogavAdI jIvana dRSTi ke kAraNa vyakti meM aneka icchAoM aura AkAMkSAoM kA janma hotA hai| kintu ina icchAoM evaM AkAMkSAoM kI pUrti bAhya jagata meM hI sambhava hotI hai| vyakti kI icchAe~ yA AkAMkSAe~ ananta haiM aura bAhya jagat meM unakI pUrti ke sAdhana unakI apekSA sImita hI hote haiN| ataH unakI pUrti ke prayatnoM meM bhI antara meM eka asantoSa to banA hI rahatA hai| yaha asantoSa hamAre caitasika samatva ko bhaMga kara detA hai| dUsarI ora vyakti kI ina icchAoM aura AkAMkSAoM kI pUrti ke sAdhana usake adhikAra meM bhI nahIM hote| ve use anya vyaktiyoM ke adhikAra se prApta karane hote haiN| pariNAmasvarUpa vyakti kA samAja ke dUsare sadasyoM ke sAtha saMgharSa prArambha ho jAtA hai| punaH vyakti kI ina icchAoM yA AkAMkSAoM kI pUrti bAhya jagat meM hI sambhava hotI hai aura bAhya paristhitiyA~ sadaiva hI una icchAoM aura AkAMkSAoM kI pUrti ke anukUla hI siddha hoM, yaha sambhava nahIM hotaa| vyakti kyA cAhatA hai aura paristhitiyA~ kisa ora le jAtI haiM, yaha sunizcita nahIM hai|

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samatvayoga kI vaiyaktika evaM sAmAjika sAdhanA 226 aneka bAra paristhitiyA~ hamArI icchAoM aura AkAMkSAoM ke pratikUla siddha hotI haiN| ina pratikUla sthitiyoM meM vyakti ko apane hI bAhya pariveza ke sAtha saMgharSa karanA hotA hai| isa saMgharSa meM bhI eka ora usake vaiyaktika jIvana kI zAnti bhaMga hotI hai, to dUsarI ora sAmAjika jIvana bhI usase prabhAvita hotA hai| 3. vaiyaktika hita aura sAmAjika hita (vyakti aura samAja __ ke mata) saMgharSa vyakti samAja meM hI janma letA hai aura vikasita hotA hai| vyakti aura samAja paraspara sApekSa haiN| vyakti ke binA samAja aura samAja ke binA vyakti kI kalpanA nahIM kI jA sktii| kyoMki eka sabhya aura susaMskRta samAja meM vyakti ke vyaktitva ke vikAsa ke liye samAja kA sahayoga Avazyaka hotA hai| phira bhI, jaba vyakti meM svArthavAdI pravRtti vikasita hotI hai, to vaha svahita yA apane svArthoM kI pUrti taka hI kendrita ho jAtA hai| phalataH vyakti aura samAja ke madhya saMgharSa prArambha ho jAtA hai| pArivArika aura sAmAjika jIvana meM vyakti kI bhogAkAMkSAoM kA kahIM na kahIM niyantraNa Avazyaka hotA hai| vyakti ko parivAra aura samAja ke hita ke liye apane vaiyaktika hitoM kA tyAga karanA par3atA hai| jaba vyakti apane vaiyaktika hitoM yA svArthoM kI pUrti ko hI mahattvapUrNa mAna letA hai, taba vyakti aura parivAra athavA vyakti aura samAja ke madhya saMgharSa prArambha hotA hai| sAmAjika sambandhoM meM viSamatA ke mUla meM sAmAnyataH svArtha buddhi yA rAga-dveSa kI vRtti hI mukhya hotI hai| jaba sambandha rAga bhAvanA yA svArthoM ke AdhAra para khar3e hote haiM, to sambandhoM meM kahIM na kahIM saMgharSa aura TakarAhaTa Arambha ho jAtI hai| rAga bhAva ke kAraNa 'maiM' aura 'merA' kA gherA banatA hai| pariNAmasvarUpara mere parivArajana, merI jAti, merA dharma aura merA rASTra - ye vicAra vikasita hote haiM, jo bhAI bhatIjAvAda, jAtivAda, sampradAyavAda aura rASTravAda ko janma dete haiN| cAhe ye avadhAraNAe~ kitanI hI vyApaka kyoM na hoM, inake mUla meM kahIM na kahIM svArthabuddhi kArya to karatI hai| phalataH inake kAraNa vaiyaktika jIvana meM tanAva aura sAmAjika jIvana meM saMgharSoM kA janma hotA hai|

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230 jainadarzana meM samatvayoga kI sAdhanA jaba taka vyakti apane kSudra svArthoM se Upara nahIM uThatA, taba taka vyakti aura samAja ke madhya sumadhura sambandha sthApita nahIM ho pAte haiN| vyakti aura samAja ke madhya jo bhI saMgharSa utpanna hote haiM, unakA mUla kAraNa vyakti kI svArtha vRtti hI hotI hai| vyakti kA 'sva' jitanA saMkucita hotA hai, sAmAjika saMgharSa utane hI adhika hote haiN| vyakti kA 'sva' - cAhe vaha apane vaiyaktika jIvana taka, cAhe vaha pArivArika jIvana taka athavA apane dharma aura sampradAya taka sImita ho, vaha use svArtha bhAvanA se Upara nahIM uThane detA hai| usakI svArtha kI yahI vRtti vyakti aura parivAra ke madhya athavA vyakti aura samAja ke madhya saMgharSoM ko janma detI hai| AcArya mahAprajJa likhate haiM ki "parivAra ke prati mamatva kA saghana rUpa jaise jAti yA rASTra ke prati bar3hatI jAne vAlI anaitikatA kA niyAmaka nahIM hotA, vaise hI jAti yA rASTra ke prati mamatva rASTroM ke prati bar3hatI jAne vAlI anaitikatA kA niyAmaka nahIM hotaa|" rAga kA tattva dveSa kA sahagAmI hotA hai| jahA~ rAga hotA hai, vahA~ dveSa bhI hotA hai aura jaba taka jIvana meM rAga-dveSa ke tattva kAyama rahate haiM, taba taka sAmAjika jIvana meM saMgharSa samApta nahIM hote haiN| saMgharSa cAhe vyakti yA parivAra ke madhya ho, vyakti yA samAja ke madhya ho yA do samAjoM athavA dharma sampadAyoM ke madhya ho, kSudra vRtti ke samApta hone para hI samApta hoNge| jaina dharma vaiyaktika aura sAmAjika jIvana meM nihita saMgharSoM ko samApta karane ke liye rAga-dveSa kI vRttiyoM se Upara uThanA Avazyaka samajhatA hai| samatvayoga kI sAdhanA isa bAta para sarvAdhika bala detI hai ki vyakti rAgabhAva evaM svArthaparaka vRtti se Upara utthe| samatvayoga kI sAdhanA vastutaH rAga-dveSa, mere-parAye Adi ke bhAvoM se Upara uThane kI hI sAdhanA hai| yahA~ yaha prazna upasthita ho sakatA hai ki yadi jIvana meM rAgabhAva yA mamatva kI vRtti nahIM rahegI; to phira parivAra, samAja, jAti, rASTra Adi kI avadhAraNAe~ hI samApta ho jaayeNgii| kintu yahA~ jainadarzana kI mAnyatA yaha hai ki parivAra, samAja yA rASTra Adi ke madhya sambandha rAga-dveSa ke AdhAra para nahIM, apitu kartavya buddhi ke AdhAra para khar3e hone caahiye| yadi vyakti aura parivAra athavA vyakti aura samAja ke madhya sambandha rAga-dveSa ke

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samatvayoga kI vaiyaktika evaM sAmAjika sAdhanA AdhAra para sthita hoMge, to ve saMgharSa ko janma deNge| kintu yadi ve kartavya ke AdhAra para sthita hoMge, to sAmAjika jIvana meM sAmanjasya hogaa| samatvayoga kA siddhAnta yaha batAtA hai ki hamAre pArasparika sambandha svArthoM ke AdhAra para nahIM; apitu karttavya ke AdhAra para sthita honA caahiye| karttavya bodha hI vyakti aura parivAra tathA vyakti aura samAja ke madhya hone vAle saMgharSa athavA eka samAja se dUsare samAja ke madhya hone vAle saMgharSoM kA nirAkaraNa kara sakatA hai| samatvayoga kI sAdhanA kA mukhya uddezya yahI hai ki vyakti mere aura parAye ke bhAvoM se Upara uThe aura usameM Atmavat dRSTi kA vikAsa ho| hamAre pArasparika sambandha svArthoM ke AdhAra para nahIM; apitu karttavya bhAva ke AdhAra para sthita hoN| 4.4 samAjoM ke pArasparika saMgharSa __ saMgharSa na kevala vyakti aura samAja ke bIca hai, kintu vibhinna samAjoM, vibhinna rASTroM aura vibhinna dharma sampradAyoM ke madhya bhI saMgharSa dekhe jAte haiN| saMgharSa cAhe vyakti yA vyakti ke madhya meM ho, vyakti yA samAja ke madhya ho athavA do bhinna samAjoM athavA rASTroM ke madhya ho, unakA mUla kAraNa to kahIM na kahIM svArtha yA saMgraha kI vRtti yA adhikAra kI bhAvanA hI hotI hai| svArtha na kevala vaiyaktika hote haiM, apitu ve sAmAjika bhI hote haiN| jaba eka samAja kA svArtha dUsare samAja athavA eka rASTra kA svArtha dUsare rASTra athavA eka dharma paramparA kA svArtha dUsarI dharma paramparA se TakarAtA hai; to samAjoM, rASTroM tathA sampradAyoM ke madhya saMgharSa prArambha ho jAtA hai| samAjoM, rASTroM athavA dharma sampradAyoM ke madhya hone vAle saMgharSoM ke mUla meM yA to vargahita kA prazna hotA hai yA phira adhikAroM kI bhAvanA kaa| jisa prakAra vaiyaktika jIvana kA svArtha yA adhikAra kI bhAvanA saMgharSoM ko janma detI hai, usI prakAra apane vargIya hitoM aura adhikAra kI bhAvanA ke kAraNa sAmAjika saMgharSoM kA janma hotA hai| vartamAna meM vibhinna samAjoM, dharma saMghoM aura rASTroM meM apanA prabhAva kSetra bar3hAne kI jo pravRtti hai, vahI samAjoM, dharmoM yA rASTroM ke madhya

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jainadarzana meM samatvayoga kI sAdhanA saMgharSa kA mUla kAraNa haiN| ina saMgharSoM ke pariNAmasvarUpa amaitrIpUrNa vyavahAra utpanna hotA hai aura usake pariNAmasvarUpa ghRNA aura vidveSa kI bhAvanAe~ balavatI hotI haiM, jo sAmAjika saMgharSoM kA kAraNa banatI haiN| vyakti apane ahaMkAra kI puSTi samAja meM karatA hai / usa ahaMkAra ko poSaNa dene ke liye aneka mithyA vizvAsoM kA samAja meM sRjana hotA hai / yahIM vaicArika saMgharSa kA janma hotA hai / U~ca-nIca kA bhAva, dhArmika matAndhatA aura vibhinnavAda usI ke pariNAma haiM / jisa prakAra vaiyaktika svArtha vyaktiyoM ke madhya saMgharSoM kA kAraNa banatA hai, usI prakAra se jAtIya svArtha, sAmpradAyika svArtha aura rASTrIya svArtha, samAjoM, rASTroM aura dharma sampradAyoM ke madhya saMgharSoM ko janma dete haiM / jaba samRddha rASTroM aura dharma sampradAyoM meM apane prabhAva kSetroM ko bar3hAne kI pravRtti vikasita hotI hai, to ve dUsaroM kI svatantratA kA apahAra karane kA prayatna karate haiM / vastutaH jaba Adhipatya kI dRSTi yA zAsita karane kI vRtti vikasita hotI hai, to dUsaroM ke adhikAroM kA hanana prArambha ho jAtA hai / 232 jainadarzana meM samatvayoga kI sAdhanA kA jo nirdeza diyA gayA hai, vaha kevala vyakti taka sImita nahIM hai| usakA sambandha samAjoM, rASTroM aura dharma sampradAyoM se bhI hai / samatvayoga kI sAdhanA na kevala vaiyaktika sAdhanA hai, apitu vaha sAmudAyika sAdhanA bhI hai / vibhinna samAjoM, dharma sampradAyoM aura rASTroM ke liye Avazyaka hai ki ve sAmudAyika rUpa se samatvayoga kI sAdhanA meM pravRtta hoM / sAmAjika saMgharSoM yA sAmAjika viSamatAoM kA eka kAraNa varNa vyavasthA bhI hai / ataH sAmAjika vyavasthA kI dRSTi se varNa vyavasthA para vicAra karanA Avazyaka haiN| kyoMki isa varNa vyavasthA ke kAraNa sAmAjika jIvana meM vivAda utpanna hote haiN| varNa vyavasthA se U~ca-nIca kI bhAvanA panapatI hai / yadi varNa vyavasthA kA AdhAra vaiyaktika yogyatAoM ke AdhAra para kAryoM yA zrama kA vibhAjana ho, to vaha itanI burI nahIM hai / kyoMki jaba taka vaiyaktika yogyatAoM meM vaibhinya hai, sAmAjika vyavasthA meM kArya-vibhAjana yA zrama vibhAjana to karanA hI hogA / kintu, jaba varNa vyavasthA janma ke AdhAra para svIkAra kara lI jAtI hai, taba vaha varga saMgharSa ko T

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samatvayoga kI vaiyaktika evaM sAmAjika sAdhanA 233 janma detI hai| taba usakA AdhAra yogyatA nahIM, jAtigata nihita svArtha hote haiN| ataH jaba sAmAjika jIvana meM varNavAda yA jAtivAda samApta hogA, taba hI samatvayoga yA samabhAva kI sAdhanA sArthaka hogii| samatvayoga kI sAdhanA kA mArga pratyeka vyakti ke liye binA kisI bhedabhAva ke samAna bhAva se khulA hai| usameM dhanI athavA nirdhana athavA U~ca yA nIca kA kisI prakAra kA koI bheda nahIM hai| AcArAMgasUtra meM kahA hai ki samatva kI sAdhanA kA upadeza sabhI ke liye samAna hai| jo upadeza eka dhanavAna yA uccakula ke vyakti ke liye hai, vahI upadeza garIba yA nimnakula vyakti ke liye diyA gayA hai| kintu sAmAjika jIvana meM jahA~ ahaM kI bhAvanA puSTa hotI hai, to vahIM U~ca-nIca kI bhedarekhA khiMca jAtI hai| kintu, jIvana meM jaba taka bhedabhAva evaM viSamatA kI vRtti rahegI, samatA yA samatvayoga kI sAdhanA sambhava nahIM hogii| jaina dharma meM harikezIbala jaise cANDAla kulotpanna vyakti, arjunamAlI jaise ghora hiMsaka aura puniyA jaise atyanta nirdhana vyakti kA sthAna vahI rahA hai, jo sthAna indrabhUti jaise brAhmaNa vidvAna tathA dhannAzAlibhadra jaise zreSThiratnoM kA hai|" jaina dharma meM janma ke AdhAra para brAhmaNa, kSatriya, vaizya aura zudra Adi rUpa varNa vyavasthA ko svIkAra nahIM kiyA gayA hai| manuSya jAti kI dRSTi se ve sabhI samAna haiN| vyakti janma se U~ca-nIca, dhanavAna-garIba nahIM hotA, kintu karma se hotA hai| janma ke AdhAra para jAti kA nizcaya nahIM kiyA jA sktaa| karma yA AcaraNa ke AdhAra para cAturvaNya vyavasthA kA nirNaya karanA hotA hai| uttarAdhyayanasUtra meM spaSTa rUpa se kahA gayA hai ki manuSya karma se hI brAhmaNa hotA hai, karma se hI kSatriya aura karma se hI vaizya yA zudra hotA hai| jAti kI apane Apa meM koI vizeSatA nhiiN|2 mahattva sadAcaraNa kA hai| sAmAjika yA vyavasAyika vyavasthA ke kSetra /2/6/102 / uttarAdhyayanasUtra 12/36 / vahI 25/33 /

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jainadarzana meM samatvayoga kI sAdhanA meM kiye jAnevAle vibhinna karmoM ke vargIkaraNa ke AdhAra para kisI varga ko zreSTha yA hIna nahIM mAnA jA sakatA hai| kA AdhAra vyakti ke sadguNa yA sadAcAra hI hai / zreSThatA yA hInatA 234 jaina dharma meM varNa vyavasthA : 1. janma ke AdhAra para svIkAra nahIM kI gaI, usakA AdhAra karma haiM / 2. ataH karma ke AdhAra para varNa parivartanIya hai / 3. punaH zreSThatva kA AdhAra varNa yA vyavasAya nahIM, sadAcaraNa hai| hindU smRtiyoM meM bhI kahA gayA hai : " janmanA jAyate zudraH karmaNA jAyate vipuH" / bauddha dharma meM to vaidika varNa vyavasthA kA krama bhI badala diyA gayA hai kSatriya, brAhmaNa, vaizya, aura zudra / bauddha dharma ke anusAra bhI varNa vyavasthA janmanA nahIM, karmaNA hai / karmoM se hI manuSya brAhmaNa, kSatriya, vaizya yA kSudra banatA hai; na ki una kuloM meM janma lene mAtra se / bauddhAgamoM meM jAtivAda ke khaNDana ke aneka prasaMga milate haiN| lekina usa sabakA mUlAzaya yahI hai ki jAti yA varNa AcaraNa ke AdhAra para banatA hai, na ki janma ke AdhAra pr| gItA meM varNa vyavasthA janma se nahIM, varan karma para hI AdhArita hai| zrIkRSNa spaSTa rUpa se kahate haiM ki cAturvaNya vyavasthA kA nirmANa guNa aura karma ke AdhAra para hI kiyA gayA hai yudhiSThira kahate haiM ki 'tattvajJAniyoM kI dRSTi meM kevala AcaraNa hI jAti kA nirdhAraka tattva hai / ' I isa prakAra DaoN. sAgaramala jaina ne 'jaina, bauddha aura gItA ke AcAra darzanoM kA tulanAtmaka adhyayana' bhAga 2 pR. 177-178 meM samAna rUpa se varNa vyavasthA ko karma ke AdhAra para svIkAra kiyA hai / isa sambandha meM AdhAra bhUta mAnyatAe~ nimna haiM : 1. varNa kA AdhAra janma se nahIM, varan guNa aura karma hai / 2. varNa parivartanIya hai / vyakti apane svabhAva, AcaraNa aura karma meM parivartana kara varNa parivartita kara sakatA hai / 3. varNa kA sambandha sAmAjika karttavyoM se hai / koI bhI sAmAjika karttavya yA vyavasAya apane Apa meM zreSTha yA hIna nahIM hai, caran usakI karttavya niSThA yA sadAcaraNa para nirbhara hai / sabhI varNa ke logoM ko AdhyAtmika vikAsa kA adhikAra samAna rUpa se prApta hai /

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samatvayoga kI vaiyaktika evaM sAmAjika sAdhanA 235 4.5 sAmAjika vaiSamya ke nirAkaraNa kA AdhAra ahiMsA samatvayoga kI sAdhanA kA prathama sopAna ahiMsA hai| ahiMsA kI sAdhanA ke binA samatvayoga kI sAdhanA pUrNa nahIM hotI hai| samatvayoga kI sAdhanA vastutaH ahiMsA kI sAdhanA hai| ahiMsA jaina sAdhanA kA prANa hai| ahiMsA ko jainAgamoM meM bhagavatI kahA gayA hai| vaha vaiyaktika aura sAmAjika jIvana meM samatva kA AdhAra hai| hiMsA kA pratipakSa ahiMsA hai| AcArAMgasUtra meM kahA gayA hai ki bhUta, bhaviSya aura vartamAna ke sabhI arhata paramAtmA yahI upadeza karate haiM ki kisI bhI prANa, bhUta, jIva aura satva ko kisI prakAra se paritApa, udvega yA duHkha nahIM denA cAhiye, na kisI kA hanana yA ghAta karanA caahiye| yahI zuddha, nitya aura zAzvata dharma hai| samasta loka kI pIr3A aura duHkha ko jAna kara arhantoM ne isa prakAra pratipAdana kiyA hai| praznavyAkaraNasUtra meM kahA gayA hai ki bhayabhItoM ko jaise zaraNa, pakSiyoM ko jaise gagana, tRSitoM ko jaise jala, bhUkhoM ko jaise bhojana, samudra ke madhya jaise jahAja, rogiyoM ko jaise auSadha aura vana meM jaise sArthavAha kA sAtha AdhArabhUta haiM, vaise hI ahiMsA prANiyoM ke lie AdhArabhUta hai| ahiMsA cara evaM acara sabhI prANiyoM kA kalyANa karane vAlI hai| sUtrakRtAMgasUtra ke anusAra ahiMsA hI samagra dharma kA sAra hai| ise sadaiva smaraNa rakhanA hI jJAnI hone kA sAra hai|6 dazavaikAlikasatra meM sabhI prANiyoM ke hita sAdhana meM ahiMsA ko sarvazreSTha svIkAra kiyA gayA hai| bhagavAna mahAvIra ne bhI sAdhanA ke kSetra meM isako prathama sthAna diyA hai| ahiMsA ke samAna dUsarA dharma nahIM hai| jainadarzana meM samatvayoga praznavyAkaraNasUtra 1/21 / AcArAMgasUtra 1/4 evaM 1/127 / praznavyAkaraNa sUtra 1/21 / sUtrakRtAMgasUtra 1/4/10 / dazavaikAlikasUtra 6/6 / bhaktaparijJA 61 !

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236 jainadarzana meM samatvayoga kI sAdhanA aura ahiMsA ko sabhI prANiyoM kA kalyANa mArga nirUpita kiyA gayA hai| sarvatra AtmabhAva, karuNA aura maitrI kI vidhAyaka anubhUtiyoM se ahiMsA kI dhArA pravAhita huI hai| ahiMsA kriyA nahIM sattA hai| vaha AtmA kI eka avasthA hai| jainadarzana meM ahiMsA ko eka vyApaka dRSTi se svIkAra kiyA gayA hai| ahiMsA sadguNoM ke samUha kI sUcaka hai| AcArya amRtacandrasUri ne kahA hai ki jaina sAdhanA vidhi kA sampUrNa kSetra ahiMsAmaya hai| sabhI niyama aura maryAdAe~ isake antargat haiN| asatya bhASaNa nahIM karanA, corI nahIM karanA Adi AcAra tathA niyama ahiMsA ke hI vibhinna pakSa haiN|' bhagavatIArAdhanA meM kahA gayA hai ki ahiMsA saba AzramoM kA hRdaya hai tathA saba zAstroM kA utpatti sthAna hai| praznavyAkaraNasUtra meM ahiMsA ke sATha paryAyavAcI nAma varNita kiye gaye haiM : 1. nirvANa; 2. nivRtti; 3. samAdhi; 4. zAnti ; 5. kIrti; 6. kAnti; 7. zuci; 8. pavitra; 6. vimala; aura 10. nirmalatara aadi| isa prakAra sATha nAma haiN| isase mAlUma hotA hai ki ahiMsA kA kSetra kitanA vyApaka hai| AcArya bhadrabAhu oghaniyukti meM likhate haiM ki pAramArthika dRSTi se AtmA hI hiMsA hai aura AtmA ahiMsA bhI hai| pramatta AtmA hiMsaka aura apramatta AtmA ahiMsaka hai|22 AtmA kI pramatta dazA hiMsA kI avasthA hai aura apramatta dazA ahiMsA kI avasthA hai| jahA~ ahiMsA hai, vahIM samatva yA samatA hai| 4.6 vaicArika vaiSamya ke nirAkaraNa kA sUtra anekAnta jainadarzana meM samatvayoga kI sAdhanA kI dRSTi se mukhyataH tIna purUSArthasiddhyupAya 4/2 / bhagavatIArAdhanA 6/60 / praznavyAkaraNasUtra 1/21 / oghaniyukti 754 /

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samatvayoga kI vaiyaktika evaM sAmAjika sAdhanA 237 siddhAnta prastuta kiye gaye haiN| ina tInoM hI siddhAntoM kA sambandha vyakti aura samAja ke madhya athavA samAjoM ke madhya hone vAle saMgharSoM ke upazamana se hai| ahiMsA kI avadhAraNA vyakti aura samAja athavA vibhinna samAjoM aura rASTroM ke madhya hone vAle bhautika svArtha para AdhArita saMgharSoM ko upazAnta karatI hai| kintu saMgharSa kevala bhautika yA Arthika hI nahIM hote, vaicArika bhI hote haiN| kabhI-kabhI to vaicArika vaiSamya ke kAraNa hI bAhya jagat meM saMgharSa utpanna ho jAte haiN| samatvayoga kI sAdhanA kA lakSya kevala sAmAjika aura Arthika saMgharSoM kA hI nirAkaraNa karanA nahIM hai| vartamAna yuga meM samAjoM, rASTroM aura dharma sampradAyoM ke madhya jo saMgharSa hote haiM, unake mUla meM Arthika svArtha yA rAjanaitika svArtha utane mahattvapUrNa nahIM hote, jitanA vaicArika sampradAyavAda yA vaicArika saamraajyvaad| Aja na to adhikAra lipsA se utpanna sAmrAjyavAda kA aura na Arthika sAmrAjya sthApanA kA prazna itanA mahattvapUrNa raha gayA hai, jitanA vaicArika sAmrAjyavAda kI sthApanA kaa| vibhinna dharma sampradAya aura vibhinna rASTra Aja vaicArika sAmrAjyavAda hetu adhika prayatnazIla dekhe jAte haiN| pratyeka dharma-sampradAya aura pratyeka rASTra yaha cAhatA hai ki dUsare dharma sampradAya aura rASTra usakI vaicArika mAnyatAoM ko svIkAra kre| eka dhArmika sampradAya dUsare dhArmika sampradAya ke sAtha jina saMgharSoM meM ulajhA huA hai, usakA mukhya AdhAra apanI vicAradhArA kA phailAva hI hai| una saMgharSoM ke mAdhyama se vaha apane svArthoM kI siddhi nahIM cAhatA hai, apitu apanI vicAradhArA ko svIkAra karAnA hI cAhatA hai| Aja jo pratyeka dharma sampradAya apane anuyAyiyoM ki saMkhyA bar3hAne ke uddezya se dharmAntaraNa Adi karAtA hai, usakA makhya lakSya koI svArthoM kI pUrti nahIM hai| kevala apanI vicAradhArA ke phailAva kA hI dRSTikoNa hai| dUsarA vyakti hamArI vicAradhArA yA mAnyatA ko svIkAra kare, yaha vartamAna yuga kA pramukha muddA hai - cAhe vaha prazna dhArmika vicAradhArAoM kA ho, cAhe vaha rAjanaitika vicAradhArAoM kA ho| yaha to spaSTa hai ki jahA~ bhI vaicArika saMgharSa hoMge, vahA~ samatA yA sahiSNutA kA abhAva hogaa| Aja vizva meM jo dhArmika aura rAjanaitika asahiSNutA bar3ha rahI hai, usake kAraNa sAmAjika zAnti bhI bhaMga ho rahI hai| vaicArika jagat meM sArA

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238 jainadarzana meM samatvayoga kI sAdhanA saMgharSa Agraha, pakSa yA dRSTi ke kAraNa hai| bhogAsakti svArthoM kI saMkIrNatA ko janma detI hai aura AgrahavRtti vaicArika saMkIrNatA ko janma detI hai| saMkIrNatA cAhe vaha hitoM kI ho yA vicAroM kI, saMgharSa ko janma detI hai| jaba Asakti, lobha yA rAga ke rUpa meM pakSa upasthita hotA hai, to dveSa yA ghRNA ke rUpa meM pratipakSa bhI upasthita ho jAtA hai| pakSa aura pratipakSa kI yaha upasthiti Antarika saMgharSa kA kAraNa hotI hai| samatvayoga rAga-dveSa ke dvandva se Upara uThAkara vItarAgatA kI ora le jAtA hai| vaha Antarika santulana hai| samatvayoga kA mUla kendra Antarika santulana yA samatva hai| samatvayoga kI sAdhanA kA mukhya lakSya na kevala mAnasika samatA kI sthApanA hai, apitu vaicArika dRSTi se pArasparika sahiSNutA aura samatA kI sthApanA bhI hai| , samAja meM aura vyaktiyoM meM pArasparika sahiSNutA aura vaicArika udAratA kA vikAsa ho, isake liye jainadarzana anekAntavAda ko prastuta karatA hai| anekAntavAda ke mAdhyama se dhArmika sampradAyoM aura rAjanaitika vicAradhArAoM ke madhya eka susAmaMjasya kI sthApanA kI jA sakatI hai| jainadarzana kA anekAntavAda kA siddhAnta vaicArika matabhedoM aura sAmpradAyika durAgrahoM ke madhya samanvaya kA mArga prastuta karatA hai| vicAra ke stara samatvayoga kI sAdhanA athavA sAmAjika jIvana meM vaicArika sahiSNutA kI sthApanA ke liye anAgraha yA anekAnta kI avadhAraNA kA vikAsa Avazyaka mAnA gayA hai| vastutaH jainadarzana kA anekAntavAda kA siddhAnta vaicArika viSamatA aura vaicArika saMgharSoM ko samApta karane kA eka sundara upAya hai| vicAra ke kSetra meM samatva kI sthApanA yA vaicArika saMgharSoM kA nirAkaraNa usI ke mAdhyama se sambhava hai| agale pRSThoM meM hama yaha dekhane kA prayatna kareMge ki anekAntavAda kI avadhAraNA kisa prakAra sAmAjika jIvana meM utpanna vaicArika saMgharSoM ko samApta kara sakatI hai| sAmAjika jIvana meM vaicArika matabheda tIna rUpoM meM pAye jAte haiN| parivAra kI eka pIr3hI kA dUsarI pIr3hI ke sAtha jIvana mUlyoM ko lekara matabheda hotA hai| parivAra aura samAja donoM meM hI jIvana ke dRSTikoNa ko lekara saMgharSa hotA hai| isI prakAra rAjanaitika kSetra meM vibhinna vicAradhArAoM ke madhya matabheda hotA hai| isa prakAra vaicArika matabheda ke tIna kSetra hote haiN| sAmAjika evaM pArivArika

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samatvayoga kI vaiyaktika evaM sAmAjika sAdhanA kSetra meM saMgharSa kA AdhAra jIvana mUlya yA jIvana dRSTiyA~ hotI haiM / dhArmika kSetra meM saMgharSa kA kAraNa mukhyataH dhArmika AcAra aura vicAra kA durAgraha hotA hai tathA rAjanaitika kSetra meM saMgharSa kA kAraNa vibhinna vicAradhArAe~ banatI haiM / yahA~ hama yaha dekhane kA prayatna kareMge ki samatvayoga kI sAdhanA anekAnta ke mAdhyama se kisa prakAra ina vaicArika matabhedoM kA nirAkaraNa karatI hai / 23 anekAnta bhAratIya darzanoM ke madhya eka yojaka kar3I hai aura jainadarzana kA hRdayasthala hai| isa anekAntavAda kA dUsarA nAma syAdvAda bhI hai / nitya, anitya Adi paraspara virodhI evaM aneka dharmoM se yukta vastu ke abhyupagama ko syAdvAda kahate haiM / sAmAnyataH syAdvAda aura anekAntavAda donoM paryAyavAcI mAne jAte haiN| anekAnta zabda kA artha isa prakAra hai aneka+anta anekAnta arthAt jisake aneka niSkarSa hoM, vaha anekAnta hai / anekAnta zabda kI vyutpatti 'ratnAkaravatArikA' meM isa prakAra kI gaI hai : 'narakaH iti anekaH aneke antaH (vAdaH ) anekAntaH anekAntazca masauH vAdazca iti anekAntavAdR / abhyate gamyate - nizciyate iti antaH dharmaH / na ekaH anekaH anekazcAsau antazca 23 syAdvAda maMjarI pR. 236 / ratnAkaravatArikA pR. 86 / 24 25 26 arthAt vastu meM aneka dharmoM ke samUha ko mAnanA anekAnta hai / anekAnta ko syAdvAda bhI kahA jAtA hai / syAt anekAntavAda kA dyotaka avyaya hai / (ka) aSTasahastrI pR. 286 / (kha) AtmamImAMsA zloka 103; - AcArya hemacandra ne bhI 'syAt' zabda ko anekAnta kA dyotaka mAnA hai / 26 yadyapi sAmAnyataH donoM meM vizeSa antara nahIM hai, phira (ga) paMcAstikAya gAthA 15; (gha) amRtacaMdrasUri kI TIkA pR. 30; aura (ca) syAdavAdamaMjarI 5 / anyayogavyacchedikA kArikA 28 / 24 236 iti / / " -

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jainadarzana meM samatvayoga kI sAdhanA 27 I bhI sUkSmadRSTi se dekhane para donoM meM pratipAdya - pratipAdaka sambandha dRSTigocara hotA hai| AcArya akalaMka ke anusAra anekAntAtmaka vastu ko bhASA ke mAdhyama se pratipAdita karane vAlI paddhati hI syAdvAda hai / vastutattva na kevala aneka dharmoM se yukta hai, apitu usameM aneka virodhI dharma rahe hue haiM / jahA~ vastu kA tat rUpa hai, vahIM atat rUpa bhI hai; jo eka hai, vahI aneka bhI hai; jo sat hai vahI asat bhI hai; aura jo nitya hai, vahI anitya bhI hai| isa prakAra vastu meM rahe hue paraspara virodhI dharmayugaloM kA prakAzana hI anekAnta hai| isa prakAra vastu meM nitya - anitya, sat-asat Adi paraspara virodhI guNa dharmoM ko svIkAra kara sarvathA ekAnta kA nirAkaraNa karanA hI anekAnta hai / anekAnta kI yaha vizeSatA hai ki vaha vastu meM paraspara virodhI guNadharmoM kI sattA ko yugapad rUpa se svIkAra karatA hai / 240 anantadharmAtmaka vastu tattva meM rahe hue virodhI dharma yugaloM ko sApekSika rUpa se abhivyakta karane vAle sAta vikalpa ho sakate haiM 1 ise saptabhaMgI bhI kaha sakate haiM / 27 1. syAt asti; 2. syAt nAsti; anekAntavAda ke mAdhyama se vyakti meM samanvayavAdI dRSTikoNa kA AvirbhAva hotA hai / 28 3. syAt avaktavya; 4. syAt asti ca nAsti ca; 5. syAt asti ca avaktavya ca; jainadarzana ke granthoM meM anekAntavAda, syAdvAda, saptabhaMgI aura nayavAda kI vistRta vivecanA upalabdha hotI hai / unameM anekAntavAda aura nayavAda ke mAdhyama se hI tattvajJAna ke rahasyoM ko udghATita kiyA gayA hai / yadyapi jainAgamoM meM anekAnta dRSTi bIja rUpa meM nihita hai, 6. syAt nAsti ca avaktavya ca; aura 28 7 syAt asti ca nAsti ca avaktavya ca / 'anekAntAtmakArtha kathanaM syAdavAdaH' laghIyastraya TIkA 62 / 'jaina vidyA ke vividha AyAma' pR. 158-56 / - akalaMka / - DaoN. sAgaramala jaina /

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samatvayoga kI vaiyaktika evaM sAmAjika sAdhanA kintu usakA puSpita evaM pallavita rUpa pazcAtvartI jainAcAryoM ke sAhitya meM dekhane ko milatA hai| vastutaH anekAnta dRSTi ko dArzanika dharAtala para sthApita karane kA zreya AcArya siddhasena tathA mallavAdI ko hai, jinhoMne sanmatitarkaprakaraNa, nayacakra Adi granthoM meM isa para vizad vicAraNA kI hai| isake atirikta samantabhadra, akalaMka, AcArya haribhadra, vidyAnanda Adi jaina dArzanikoM ne bhI isakA vikAsa kiyA hai| santa AnandaghanajI samatvayogI the / unakI vivecanAoM kA AdhAra bhI anekAnta dRSTi rahI hai| unakA ' avadhUnaTanAgara kI bAjI' nAmaka pada anekAnta dRSTi kA sundara udAharaNa hai / unakI anekAnta dRSTi kA pramANa nimna pada bhI hai : 'SaDdarasaNa jina aMga bhaNIje, nyAya SaDaMga jo sAdhe re / nami jinavaranA caraNa upAsaka, SaDdarzana ArAdhe re||30 isa pada meM unhoMne anekAntavAda ke AdhAra para SaDdarzanoM kA samanvaya kiyA hai aura SaDdarzanoM ko jina ke vibhinna aMgoM ke rUpa meM pratipAdita kiyA hai / vAstava meM anekAntadRSTi eka aisI vyApaka paddhati hai, jisameM samasta darzana samAhita ho jAte haiM / jaise hAthI ke paira meM anya sabhI prANiyoM ke paira aura sAgara meM sabhI saritAe~ samA jAtI haiM, vaise hI anekAnta dRSTi meM sabhI darzana samA jAte haiM / isa sambandha meM AnandaghanajI kA suprasiddha pada hai : 31 241 'jinavara mA saghalA darasaNa che, darasaNa jinavara bhajanA re / sAgaramAM saghalI taTanI sahI, taTanI sAgara bhajanA re / / 31 upAdhyAya yazovijayajI likhate haiM : 26 Anandaghana granthAvalI - 'namijinastavana' / 30 'Anandaghana kA rahasyavAda' pR. 128 se uddhRta / - DaoN. sudarzanAzrI / (kha) 'saptabhiH prakArairvacanavinyAsaH saptabhaMgItigIyate / ' syAdvAdamaMjarI kArikA 23 kI TIkA / (ga) praznavazAdekasmin H vastuni aviredhena vidhiprativedhavikalpanA saptabhaMgI / ' - rAjavArtika 1/6/5/ (gha) paMcAstikAya saMgraha 14 / Anandaghana granthAvalI - 'namijinastavana' /

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242 jainadarzana meM samatvayoga kI sAdhanA 'yasya sarvatra samatA nayeSu tanayeSviva / tasya'nekAntavAdasya nyUnAdhikazemuSI tena syAdvAdamAlambya sarvadarzana tulyatAm mokSoddezaNa vizeSaNa yaH pazyati sa zAstravit sa evaM dharmavAdaH syAdanyad bAlizavalganam / / mAdhyasthasahitaM hyekapadajJAnamapi pramA zAstra koTi vRthaizcaiva tathA coktaM mahAtmanA / / 32 anekAntavAdI kA dRSTikoNa sabhI darzanoM ke prati samabhAvapUrNa hotA hai| vaha kisI bhI darzana se rAga yA dveSa nahIM krtaa| AcArya haribhadra kahate haiM : 'pakSapAto na meM vIre, na dveSaH kapilAdiSu / yuktimata vacanaM yasyatasya kArya parigraha / / 22 arthAt mujhe na to mahAvIra ke prati rAga hai aura na kapila Adi anya dArzanikoM ke prati dveSa hai| jisake vacana yukti saMgata hoM, unheM svIkAra karanA caahiye| isI taraha 'upadeza taraMginI' meM bhI unhoMne kahA hai ki mukti na to digambaratva meM hai, na zvetAmbaratva meM, na tarkavAda meM, na tattvavAda meM aura na hI kisI pakSa kA samarthana karane meM hai| vastutaH kaSAyoM se mukta honA hI mukti hai|34 anekAntavAdI sabhI darzanoM ko vAtsalya dRSTi se dekhatA hai| usakI dRSTi udAra, vizAla aura samanvayAtmaka hotI hai| samatvayoga kI sAdhanA hI usake jIvana kA aMga bana jAtI hai| samatvayoga kI sAdhanA se usakA jIvana ota-prota hotA hai| yahI kAraNa hai ki anekAntavAdI saccA zAstrajJa kahalAne kA adhikArI bhI hai, kyoMki vaha syAdvAda kA Alambana lekara sampUrNa darzanoM ke prati samAna bhAva rakhatA hai| mAdhyastha bhAva hI zAstroM kA gUr3ha rahasya hai| yahI 32 'anekAnta vyavasthA' bhAga 1 / -upAdhyAya yazovijayajI / 33 'lokatattva nirNaya -haribhadrasUri / 'nAzAmbaratve na sitAmbaratve na tarka vAde na ca tattvavAde / na pakSa sevA''zrayaNena muktiH kaSAya muktiH kila muktireva / / 8 / / ' -upadezataraMginI prathama taraMga (tapa updesh)|

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samatvayoga kI vaiyaktika evaM sAmAjika sAdhanA 243 dharmavAda hai| mAdhyastha yA samabhAva dRSTi meM hI samasta zAstroM kA jJAna samAhita ho jAtA haiN| zrImadrAjacandrajI ne bhI kahA hai : 'bhinna-bhinna mata dekhIe, bheda dRSTino eh| eka tattvanA mUlamAM vyApyA mAno teha / / 38 / / 25 anekAntavAdI kA cintana vyApaka hotA hai| vaha use sarvAMgINa dRSTi pradAna karatA hai| zrImadrAjacandrajI kA kahanA yaha hai ki ekAnta aura anekAnta meM maulika bheda yahI hai ki ekAnta kathana meM 'hI' kA Agraha rahatA hai aura anekAnta dRSTi meM 'bhI' ke sadAgraha kI pradhAnatA rahatI hai| jainadarzana meM ekAnta ko mithyAtva svIkAra kiyA gayA hai|36 santa AnandaghanajI ne bhI ekAnta yA nirapekSa vacana ko mithyA batAkara sApekSa (anekAnta) vacana kI yathArthatA para bala diyA hai| ve kahate haiM : _ 'vacana nirapekha vyavahAra jhuTho kahyo, vacana sApekSa vyavahAra saaNco| vacana nirapekSa vyavahAra saMsAra phala, sAMbhalI AdarI kAMi rAco / / 37 _nirapekSa vacana - apekSA rahita yA ekAnta vacana mithyA hai aura sApekSavacana yA anekAnta vacana satya hai| samatvayoga kI sAdhanA kA mukhya lakSya vaiyaktika jIvana ke sAtha-sAtha pArivArika evaM sAmAjika jIvana meM sAmaMjasya aura samatA kI sthApanA hai| kyoMki jaba taka samAja aura parivAra meM sauhArda nahIM hogA, vaiyaktika jIvana meM bhI zAnti kA lAbha evaM samatva kI anubhUti sambhava nahIM hogii| ataH samatvayoga kA mukhya pratipAdya na kevala vaiyaktika jIvana meM samatva kI sAdhanA hai, apitu 35 zrImadrAjacandra (hindI anuvAda) prathama khaNDa pR. 225 / ___-(uddhRta Anandaghana kA rahasyavAda pra. 126) / 36 'egaMta hoI micchataM / ' ___-zrImadrAjacandra (hindI anuvAda) prathama khaNDa pR. 225 (uddhRta Anandaghana kA rahasyavAda pR. 126) / 37 'ananta jina stavana' - Anandaghana granthAvalI /

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244 jainadarzana meM samatvayoga kI sAdhanA pArivArika aura sAmAjika jIvana meM bhI samatva kI sAdhanA hai| usake mAdhyama se parivAra aura samAja ke madhya bhI zAntipUrNa vAtAvaraNa kA nirmANa kiyA jA sakatA hai| sAmAjika aura pArivArika jIvana meM samatva tathA zAnti kI sthApanA ke liye jainadarzana meM mukhyataH ahiMsA, aparigraha aura anekAnta kI avadhAraNAe~ prastuta kI giiN| vastutaH ye tInoM siddhAnta bAhya jIvana meM samatva kI saMsthApanA meM sahAyaka hote haiN| pArivArika jIvana meM vivAda kyoM utpanna hote haiM? unake mukhyataH tIna kAraNa haiM : 1. parivAra ke sadasyoM meM pArasparika asahiSNutA; 2. parivAra ke sadasyoM meM vaicArika matabheda yA jIvana mUlyoM ke sandarbha meM matabheda; aura 3. parivAra ke sadasyoM meM svArthabuddhi yA apane hitoM ko pramukhatA denaa| ina tInoM kAraNoM kA nirAkaraNa kramazaH ahiMsaka vRtti, anekAntika cintana aura tyAga kI bhAvanA se hI sambhava hotA hai| parivAra meM sahiSNutA aura sauhArda kA janma tabhI sambhava hai, jaba parivAra ke sabhI sadasya dUsaroM kI bhAvanAoM aura vicAroM kA Adara karanA siikheN| jaba taka vyakti dUsare kI bhAvanA aura vicAroM kA Adara nahIM karatA hai, taba taka pArasparika asahiSNutA banI rahatI hai| ataH vaicArika udAratA aura samanvayazIlatA Avazyaka hotI hai| parivAra ke ina matabhedoM ko anekAnta kI dRSTi se sulajhAyA jA sakatA hai| DaoN. sAgaramala jaina 'jaina, bauddha aura gItA ke AcAra darzanoM kA tulanAtmaka adhyayana' bhAga 2 pR. 248 para likhate haiM ki "pArivArika jIvana meM saMgharSa ke do kendra hote haiM - pitA-putra tathA saas-bhuu| ina donoM ke mUla meM donoM kA dRSTibheda hai| pitA jisa pariveza meM bar3A huA hai, unhIM saMskAroM ke AdhAra para putra kA jIvana DhAlanA cAhatA hai| jina mAnyatAoM ko svayaM mAnakara baiThA hai, unhIM mAnyatAoM ko dUsare se manavAnA cAhatA hai| pitA kI dRSTi anubhava pradhAna hotI hai| jabaki putra kI dRSTi tarka pradhAna hotI hai| eka prAcIna saMskAroM se grasita hai, to dUsarA unheM samApta kara denA cAhatA hai| yahI sthiti sAsa-bahU meM hotI hai|

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samatvayoga kI vaiyaktika evaM sAmAjika sAdhanA 245 sAsa yaha apekSA rakhatI hai ki bahU aisA jIvana jiye, jaisA usane svayaM bahU ke rUpa meM jiyA thaa| jabaki bahU apane yuga ke anurUpa aura apane mAtRpakSa ke saMskAroM se prabhAvita jIvana jInA cAhatI hai| mAtra itanA hI nahIM, usakI apekSA yaha bhI hotI hai ki vaha utanA svatantra jIvana jiye, jaisA vaha apane mAtA-pitA ke pAsa jItI thii| isake viparIta zvasura pakSa eka anuzAsita jIvana kI apekSA karatA hai| yahI saba vivAda ke kAraNa banate haiN| isa prakAra hama dekhate haiM ki ina saba vivAdoM ke mUla meM kahIM vaicArika matabhedoM kI pradhAnatA rahI huI hai| anekAntavAda kA siddhAnta hameM yahI batAtA hai ki hameM dUsaroM ke sambandha meM koI nirNaya lene se pUrva svayaM apane ko usa sthiti meM khar3A karake socanA caahiye|" yadi vyakti dUsare kI sthiti ko samajhe binA apane vicAroM aura bhAvanAoM ko dUsare para Aropita karatA hai, to usase saMgharSa kA janma hotA hai aura vaha saMgharSa hamArI mAnasika zAnti yA samatva ko bhaMga karatA hai| ataH samatvayoga kI sAdhanA kA mukhya lakSya dUsaroM kI bhAvanA aura vicAroM ko Adara dekara unake prati sahiSNu da STikoNa apanAnA hai| isake liye vaicArika AgrahoM kA parityAga Avazyaka hotA hai| anekAntavAda kA jIvana darzana hameM yahI zikSA detA hai ki hama AgrahoM se Upara uTheM; dUsare kI paristhitiyoM ko samajheM aura unako Adara deN| tabhI pArivArika aura sAmAjika saMgharSoM kA upazamana sambhava ho sakatA hai| yadyapi isa vaicArika anAgraha ke sAtha-sAtha pArivArika aura sAmAjika jIvana meM saMgharSoM ko samApta karane ke liye vyakti ko tyAgamUlaka jIvanadRSTi apanAnI hogii| jaba taka jIvanadRSTi bhogamUlaka aura svArthaparaka hotI hai, taba taka parivAra aura samAja meM saMgharSa bar3hate haiN| parivAra aura samAja kA pratyeka sadasya dUsaroM ke vicAroM aura bhAvanAoM ko Adara de; unake hitoM kA dhyAna rakhe tathA Avazyaka hone para apane hitoM kA tyAga karake unake hitoM kA rakSaNa kre| jaba isa prakAra kI jIvanadRSTi kA vikAsa hogA, to pArivArika, sAmAjika jIvana se saMgharSa samApta hoMge aura samatva kI sthApanA hogii| samatvayoga kI sAdhanA kA mUlabhUta prayojana yahI hai ki pArivArika aura sAmAjika jIvana se saMgharSa samApta ho aura sabhI milajula kara pArivArika evaM sAmAjika kalyANa ke liye tatpara bneN| isa prakAra

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246 jainadarzana meM samatvayoga kI sAdhanA ahiMsA, anAgraha aura anAsakti ke mAdhyama se pArivArika aura sAmAjika jIvana meM zAnti kI sthApanA kI jA sakatI hai| 4.7 Arthika vaiSamya ke kAraNa aura aparigraha dvArA unakA nirAkaraNa manuSya kA jIvana bahuAyAmI hai| usameM Arthika, sAmAjika, AdhyAtmika Adi vividha pakSa haiN| bhAratIya darzanoM meM ina vividha pakSoM se sambandhita cAra puruSArtha mAne gaye haiM - dharma, artha, kAma aura mokSa / puruSArtha zabda ke nimna do artha prApta hote haiM : 1. puruSa kA prayojana; aura 2. puruSa ke liye karaNIya kaary| 1. dharma : jisase samatva yA samatA kI sAdhanA ho, usa samatva kI sAdhanA se 'sva' aura 'para' kalyANa hotA ho tathA vyakti samatAmaya AdhyAtmika jIvana kI ora agrasara hotA ho, vaha dharma puruSArtha hai| 2. artha : mAnava ko jIvana yAtrA ke nirvAha hetu khAne ke liye bhojana, pahanane ko vastra evaM rahane ke liye AvAsa Adi kI AvazyakatA hotI hai| ataH jIvana kI ina AvazyakatAoM kI pUrti hetu sAdhana juTAnA artha puruSArtha hai, kintu jarUrata se jyAdA ikaTThA karanA saMgrahavRtti hai| 3. kAma : jaivika AvazyakatAoM kI pUrti ke liye juTAye gaye sAdhanoM kA upabhoga karanA kAma puruSArtha hai| dUsare zabdoM meM aindrika viSayoM kI pUrti hetu kiyA jAne vAlA puruSArtha kAma puruSArtha hai| jahA~ artha puruSArtha meM daihika AvazyakatAoM kI pUrti ke sAdhanoM kI upalabdhi pramukha rahatI hai, vahIM kAma puruSArtha ke antargat mana evaM indriyoM kI mAMga kI pUrti ke prayAsa kI pramukhatA rahatI hai| 4. mokSa : duHkhoM ke kAraNoM ko jAnakara unake nirAkaraNa hetu kiyA gayA puruSArtha mokSa puruSArtha hai| krodha, mAna, mAyA, 38 yogazAstra 1/15 /

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samatvayoga kI vaiyaktika evaM sAmAjika sAdhanA 247 lobha, icchA, AkAMkSA, rAga-dveSa Adi se virakta hokara Upara uThane kI bhAvanA mokSa hai| jainadarzana ke anusAra AdhyAtmika dRSTi se manuSya jIvana meM prayojanabhUta puruSArtha to do hI haiM - dharma evaM mokss| inameM mokSa sAdhya hai aura dharma sAdhana hai| vyavahArika yA laukika dRSTi se manuSya jIvana ke do puruSArtha haiM - artha aura kaam| inameM bhI artha to sAdhana puruSArtha hai aura kAma aindriya jIvana ke viSayoM kI santuSTirUpa sAdhya puruSArtha hai| jaba artha puruSArtha ke sAtha saMgrahavRtti kA vikAsa hotA hai, to Arthika vaiSamya kA janma hotA hai| isa Arthika vaiSamya kA nirAkaraNa aparigraha kI sAdhanA se hI sambhava hai| parigraha kA visarjana hI jIvana meM samatva kA sRjana kara sakatA hai| jaina dharma meM artha ko na to ati mahattva diyA gayA hai aura na usakI pUrNataH upekSA kI gaI hai| eka ora uttarAdhyayanasUtra meM spaSTa rUpa se yaha kahA gayA hai ki dhana se mokSa nahIM milatA hai|36 parantu dUsarI aura jaina dharma meM zramaNa dharma ke sAtha-sAtha jo zrAvaka dharma kI bhI vyavasthA hai, usake liye to artha puruSArtha Avazyaka hai| jaina vicArakoM kA mAnanA hai ki Arthika vaiSamya kA kAraNa dhana kA arjana nahIM hai, apitu dhana kA saMgraha hai| viSamatAe~ sarjana se nahIM saMgraha se utpanna hotI haiN| pArivArika, sAmAjika rASTrIya zAnti aura sadbhAvanA ke lie samatvayoga kI AvazyakatA hai| Arthika samAnatA ke lie bhI isakI AvazyakatA hai| jaina dharma meM aparigrahavAda ke sAtha-sAtha parigraha parimANa kA siddhAnta bhI prastuta kiyA gayA hai| isase yaha pratiphalita hotA hai ki sAmAjika jIvana meM dhana ke mahattva ko svIkAra kiyA gayA hai| jaina dharma meM AdhyAtmika carcA ke sAtha-sAtha sAmAjika vyavasthA ke sandarbha meM artha ke viSaya meM bhI kucha ullekha upalabdha hote haiN| jJAtAdharmakathAMga se jJAta hotA hai ki zreNika kA putra abhayakumAra arthazAstra kA jJAtA thaa|deg praznavyAkaraNasUtra meM 'atthasattha' 36 uttarAdhyayanasUtra 4/5 / 40 jJAtAdharmakathA 1/16 / -aMgasuttANi (lADanUM) khaNDa 3 pR. 4 /

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248 jainadarzana meM samatvayoga kI sAdhanA (arthazAstra) kA ullekha hai| usa samaya arthazAstra viSayaka grantha likhe jAte the|' jambUdvIpaprajJapti se yaha sUcita hotA hai ki bharata kA senApati suSeNa arthazAstra aura nItizAstra meM catura thaa|2 ___ AdipurANa meM kahA gayA hai ki bhagavAna RSabhadeva ne apane putra bharata-cakravartI ke liye arthazAstra kA nirmANa kiyA thaa|3 nandIsUtra meM bhI kahA gayA hai ki vinaya se prApta buddhi se sampanna manuSya arthazAstra tathA anya laukika zAstroM meM dakSa ho jAte haiN| artha ke upArjana ke mukhya do kAraNa hote haiM - icchA aura aavshyktaa| jainadarzana meM jaivika AvazyakatAoM kI pUrti hetu upArjita kiye jAne vAle artha kA niSedha nahIM kiyA gayA hai| kintu saMgrahabuddhi se dhana ke upArjana ko anucita mAnA gayA hai| kyoMki saMgrahabuddhi se dhana kA upArjana Arthika viSamatAoM ko janma detA hai| Arthika vaiSamya kA tAtparya vyakti ke dvArA bhautika padArthoM kI upalabdhi se utpanna viSamatA hai| isakA mUla kAraNa vyakti kI saMgrahavRtti hai| cetanA jaba bhautika jagata se sambandhita hotI hai, to use aneka vastue~ apane jIvana ke liye Avazyaka pratIta hotI haiN| yahI AvazyakatA jaba Asakti meM badala jAtI hai, to saMgraha kI lAlasA bar3ha jAtI hai| isI se sAmAjika jIvana meM Arthika viSamatA kA udbhava hotA hai| eka ora saMgraha bar3hatA hai, to dUsarI ora garIbI bar3hatI hai| pariNAmasvarUpa Arthika viSamatA bar3hatI jAtI hai| Arthika viSamatA Aja ke yuga kI jvalanta samasyA hai| isa samasyA kA mUla kAraNa mAnava kI saMgraha yA saMcaya kI pravRtti hai| ataH Arthika vaiSamya kA nirAkaraNa asaMgraha kI vRtti se hI sambhava hai| jainadarzana aparigraha ke siddhAnta ke dvArA isa Arthika vaiSamya kA nirAkaraNa karane kA prayAsa karatA hai| upAdhyAya amaramuni ne kahA hai ki "garIbI svayaM koI samasyA nahIM, kintu amIrI ne use samasyA banA diyA hai| gaDDhA svayaM meM koI cIja nahIM, kintu pahAr3oM praznavyAkaraNasUtra 1/5 / jambudvIpaprajJapti 3/77 / AdipurANa 16/116 / nandIsUtra 38/6 / -aMgasuttANi (lADanUM) khaNDa 2 pR. 380) / -uvaMgasuttANi (lADanUM) khaNDa 426 / -uddhRta 'prAcIna jaina sAhitya meM Arthika jIvana' pR. 6 / -navasuttANi (lADanU) pR. 256 /

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samatvayoga kI vaiyaktika evaM sAmAjika sAdhanA 1 kI asIma UcAIMyoM ne isa dharatI para jagaha-jagaha gaDDhe paidA kara diye haiN| pahAr3a TUTeMge, to gaDDhe apane Apa bhara jaayeNge| sampatti kA visarjana hogA, to garIbI apane Apa dUra ho jAyegI / 45 parigraha ke visarjana se hI Arthika vaiSamya samApta ho sakatA hai jaba taka saMgrahavRtti samApta nahIM hotI hai, taba taka Arthika samAnatA nahIM A sakatI / sAtha hI saMgrahavRtti ke kAraNa vyakti samatva kI sAdhanA meM bhI jur3a nahIM pAtA hai, kyoMki Aja ke mAnava ko peTa se adhika peTI kI cintA hai / saMgrahavRtti ke kAraNa manuSya meM asantoSa banA rahatA hai aura asantoSa kI upasthiti meM samatva kI sAdhanA sambhava nahIM hai / parigraha kA visarjana hI Arthika jIvana meM samatva kA sRjana kara sakatA hai| Arthika viSamatA kA nirAkaraNa karane meM anAsakti aura aparigraha kI sAdhanA paryApta rUpa se sahAyaka ho sakatI hai| hameM eka ora vyaktigata sampatti kI sImA nirdhArita karanI hogI, to dUsarI ora apanI tRSNA athavA saMgrahavRtti kA tyAga karanA hogA / tRSNA yA saMgrahavRtti ko niyantrita karanA hI samatvayoga kI sAdhanA hai 1 Adhunika bhautikavAdI saMskRti yaha mAnatI hai ki artha hI hamArI sukha zAnti kA AdhAra hai / vahI duHkha vimukti kA amogha upAya hai / kintu dhana ke saMgraha se duHkha samApta nahIM hote haiM, apitu vRddhigata hI hote haiM / tRSNA yA saMgrahavRtti jitanI adhika hogI, utanI hI azAnti bar3hegI, tanAva bddh'eNge| ataH jainadarzana meM gRhastha jIvana ke liye parigraha ke sImAMkana kA jo vidhAna kiyA gayA hai, vaha Arthika vaiSamya ke nirAkaraNa kA eka pramukha sAdhana hai / parigraha kA visarjana hI Arthika jIvana meM samatva kA sarjana kara sakatA hai / sAmyavAda sacce Arthika samatva kA prakaTana nahIM kara sktaa| manuSya meM svataH hI tyAgavRtti kA udaya ho aura vaha svecchA se sampatti-visarjana kI dizA meM Age bar3he, taba hI vaiyaktika evaM sAmAjika jIvana meM sacce samatva kA sRjana ho sakatA hai| bhAratIya paramparA aura vizeSakara jaina paramparA na kevala sampatti ke visarjana kI bAta karatI hai, varan usake samavitaraNa para bhI jora detI hai / 45 'jaina prakAza' 8 aprela, 1666 pR. 11 / 246

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250 jainadarzana meM samatvayoga kI sAdhanA jo kucha hamAre pAsa hai, usakA samavibhAjana Avazyaka hai| jainadarzana meM Arthika viSamatA ke nirAkaraNa ke liye samavitaraNa ko bhI pratipAdita kiyA hai| vartamAna yuga meM samAja ke Arthika kSetra meM bhraSTAcAra kI jo burAIyA~ panapa rahI haiM unake mUla meM yA to vyakti kI saMgraha icchA hai yA bhogecchaa| bhraSTAcAra kevala abhAvajanita bImArI nahIM hai, varan vaha eka mAnasika bImArI hai, jisake mUla meM saMgrahecchA evaM bhogecchA ke kITANu haiN| yaha bImArI AvazyakatAoM ke kAraNa nahIM, varana tRSNA se utpanna hotI hai| AvazyakatAoM kI pUrti padArthoM ko upalabdha karake hI kI jA sakatI hai| unakI eka sImA hotI hai| lekina tRSNA kA nirAkaraNa padArthoM ke dvArA sambhava nahI hai; kyoMki usakI koI sImA nahIM hai| tRSNAjanita vikRtiyA~ kevala anAsakti se hI dUra ho sakatI haiN| vartamAna yuga kI pramukha kaThinAI yaha nahIM hai ki hamAre pAsa sAdhanoM kA abhAva hai| kaThinAI yahI hai ki Aja kA mAnava tRSNA se itanA adhika grasita hai ki vaha eka acchA sukhada evaM zAntipUrNa jIvana jI nahIM sakatA hai| samatvayoga kI sAdhanA ke sAtha vaiyaktika, sAmAjika evaM pArivArika jIvana meM sukha aura zAnti kI nitAnta AvazyakatA hai| kyoMki jaba taka parivAra evaM samAja arthAta vyakti ke bAhya pariveza meM zAnti nahIM hogI, taba taka. vyakti ko caitasika zAnti bhI upalabdha nahIM hogI; kyoMki pariveza kI ghaTanAe~ usake citta ko udvelita karatI rheNgii| ataH samatvayoga kI sAdhanA ke liye pariveza, parivAra yA samAja meM zAnti kI sthApanA Avazyaka hai| kintu Aja vyakti ke jIvana meM icchAe~, AkAMkSAe~ aura tRSNAe~ itanI bar3ha gaI haiM ki usake kAraNa vyakti ke jIvana kI zAnti to bhaMga ho rahI hai, sAtha hI parivAra evaM samAja meM bhI tanAva utpanna ho rahe haiN| isakA mUla kAraNa tRSNA hai| vastutaH tRSNA kA hI dUsarA nAma lobha hai aura lobha se saMgrahavRtti kA udaya hotA hai| dazavaikAlikasUtra meM lobha samasta sadguNoM kA vinAzaka mAnA gayA hai| jaina vicAradhArA ke anusAra tRSNA eka aisI duSpUra khAI hai, jisakA kabhI anta nahIM AtA; kyoMki dhana cAhe kitanA bhI ho 46 'koho pIiM paNAsei, mANo viNayaNAsaNo / mAyA mittANi NAseiM, lobho savvaviNAsaNo / / 38 / / ' -dazavaikAlikasUtra 8 /

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samatvayoga kI vaiyaktika evaM sAmAjika sAdhanA 251 vaha sImita hai aura tRSNA ananta (asIma) hai| ataH sImita sAdhanoM se asIma tRSNA kI pUrti nahIM kI jA sktii| jJAnArNava meM bhI batAyA hai ki jaise jaise icchAnusAra saMkalpita bhogoM kI prApti hotI hai, vaise vaise hI unakI tRSNA uttarottara bar3hatI huI samasta lokaparyanta vistRta ho jAtI hai| 'na jAtukAya-kAmanA yupabhogena shaapyti| ddaviSya kRSNAvatryeya bhUya eva abhivardhate / / -mnusmRti| vastutaH tRSNA ke kAraNa saMgrahavRtti kA udaya hotA hai| yaha saMgrahavRtti mamatva buddhi ke rUpa meM badala jAtI hai aura yaha mamatva buddhi yA merepana kA bhAva parigraha kA mUla hai| dazavaikAlikasUtra ke anusAra mamatva buddhi, Asakti yA mUrchA hI vAstavika parigraha hai| parigraha kA tAtparya saMgraha kI pravRtti hai| vyakti dhana sampadA yA upabhoga ke adhikAdhika sAdhanoM ko apane adhikAra meM rakhanA cAhatA hai| ataH saMgrahavRtti ke pariNAmasvarUpa eka ora dhana aura sampatti kA vipula ambAra khar3A hotA hai aura dUsarI ora usakA abhAva hotA hai| eka ora sampatti ke pahAr3a aura dUsarI ora abhAva ke gaDDhe eka asantulana ko janma dete haiN| samAja meM dhanI aura nirdhana kA bheda khar3A ho jAtA hai aura isa varga bheda ke pariNAmasvarUpa samAja meM saMgharSa kA janma hotA hai| samAja meM Aja jo varga-saMgharSa dekhA jAtA hai, usake mUla meM kahIM na kahIM kucha manuSyoM kI saMgrahavRtti hI pramukha hai| eka vyakti ke pAsa sukha suvidhA ke aneka sAdhana aura dUsarI ora eka vyakti ko apanI jaivika AvazyakatA kI pUrti ke abhAva meM mRtyu ke abhimukha hone kI sthiti sAmAjika santulana ko bhaMga kara detI hai| usake 'suvaNNarUpassa u pavvayA bhave, siyA hu kelAsasamA asaMkhayA / narassa luddhassa na tehiM kiMci, icchA hu AgAsasamA aNantiyA ||48||'-uttraadhyynsuutr 6 / 48 'api saMkalpitAH kAmAH saMbhavanti yathA yathA / tathA tathA manuSyANAM, tRSNA vizvaM visarpati / / 30 / / ' -jJAnArNava sarga 20 / 'Na so parigraho vutto, NAyaputteNa tAiNA / mucchA pariggaho vutto, iha vuttaM mahesiNA / / 21 / / ' -dazavaikAlikasUtra 6 / 50 'jaina, bauddha aura gItA ke AcAra darzanoM kA tulanAtmaka adhyayana' bhAga 2 pR. 235-36 / -DaoN. sAgaramala jaina /

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252 jainadarzana meM samatvayoga kI sAdhanA pariNAmasvarUpa eka ora nirdhanoM meM dhanikoM ke prati dveSa yA ghRNA ke bhAva kA janma hotA hai, to dUsarI ora sampattizAliyoM meM spardhA kI bhAvanA janma letI hai| kAlAntara meM yahI spardhA IrSyA meM badala jAtI hai| phalataH sAmAjika jIvana meM IrSyA aura vidveSa ke tattva hAvI ho jAte haiN| unake pariNAmasvarUpa samAja meM jahA~ eka ora chInA-jhapaTI yA zoSaNa kI pravRtti kA vikAsa hotA hai, vahIM dUsarI ora eka dUsare ke vikAsa meM avarodha DAlane ke prayatna bhI hote haiN| isI prakAra sAmAjika evaM rASTrIya hitoM meM bhI saMgharSa prArambha ho jAte haiN| sampattizAlI samAja kamajora varga para tathA sampattizAlI rASTra nirdhana rASTra para apanA varcasva sthApita karanA cAhate haiN| isa prakAra saMgrahavRtti ke pariNAmasvarUpa vaiyaktika, pArivArika, sAmAjika, rASTrIya evaM antarrASTrIya zAnti bhaMga hotI hai| isa sthiti meM sAmAjika samatva kI sthApanA sambhava nahIM hotii| ataH samatvayoga kI sAdhanA ke liye vyakti ko kahIM na kahIM apanI saMgrahavRtti para aMkuza lagAnA hogaa| samatvayoga kI sAdhanA vahI vyakti kara sakatA hai, jo apanI saMgrahavRtti yA lobha kI pravRtti para aMkuza lgaataa| yahI kAraNa hai ki jainadarzana meM samatvayoga kI sAdhanA ke liye parigraha parimANa yA aparigraha mahAvrata kI sAdhanA ko Avazyaka mAnA gayA hai| jainadarzana kA kahanA hai ki hameM sarvaprathama apanI icchAoM ko maryAdita karanA aura parigraha kA parisImana karanA hogaa| Aja vyakti AvazyakatA aura icchA ke antara ko nahIM samajha pA rahA hai| Aja vizva meM AvazyakatAoM kI pUrti ke sAdhanoM kA abhAva nahIM hai| abhI vizva meM itane saMsAdhana haiM ki ve mAnava samAja kI jaivika AvazyakatAoM kI pUrti kara skeN| uttarAdhyayanasUtra ke anusAra duHkhoM kA mUla kAraNa tRSNA hai| kahA gayA hai ki jisakI tRSNA samApta nahIM hotI, usakA moha bhI samApta nahIM hotA evaM usake duHkha bhI samApta nahIM hote|' Asakti kA dUsarA bhAga lobha hai aura lobha samagra sadguNoM kA vinAzaka hai| jaina vicAraNA ke anusAra tRSNA eka aisI khAI hai, 51 'dukkhaM hayaM jassa na hoi moho, moho hao jassa na hoi thaa| taNhA hayA jassa na hoi loho, loho hao jassa na kiMcaNAiM / / 8 ||'-uttraadhyynsuutr 32 / 52 dazavaikAlikasUtra 8/38 /

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samatvayoga kI vaiyaktika evaM sAmAjika sAdhanA 253 jisakA kabhI anta nahIM aataa| uttarAdhyayanasUtra meM ise spaSTa karate hue kahA gayA hai ki yadi sone aura cA~dI ke kailAza parvata ke samAna asaMkhya parvata bhI khar3e kara diye jAyeM, to bhI isa duSpUrya tRSNA kI pUrti nahIM ho sakatI, kyoMki dhana cAhe kitanA bhI ho, vaha sImita hai aura tRSNA ananta hai| ataH sImita sAdhanoM se isa asIma tRSNA kI pUrti nahIM kI jA sktii| kintu jaba taka tRSNA zAnta nahIM hotI, taba taka duHkhoM se mukti bhI nahIM hotii| sUtrakRtAMga ke anusAra manuSya jaba taka kisI bhI prakAra kI Asakti rakhatA hai, taba taka duHkha se mukta nahIM ho sktaa|" jaina dArzanikoM kI dRSTi meM tRSNA yA Asakti duHkha kA paryAyavAcI hI bana gaI hai| yaha tRSNA yA Asakti hI parigraha (saMgrahavRtti) kA mUla kAraNa hai| Asakti hI parigraha hai|5 jaina AcAryoM ne jisa aparigraha ke siddhAnta kA pratipAdana kiyA, usake mUla meM yahI anAsaktipradhAna dRSTi kArya kara rahI hai| yadyapi Asakti eka mAnasika tathya hai - mana kI hI vRtti hai, kintu usakA sIdhA sambandha bAhya vastuoM se hai aura vaha bAhya meM hI prakaTa hotI hai| vaha sAmAjika jIvana ko dUSita karatI hai| ataH Asakti ke prahANa ke liye vyavahArika rUpa meM parigraha kA tyAga bhI Avazyaka hai| gRhastha jIvana meM parigraha maryAdA aura zramaNa jIvana meM samagra parigraha ke tyAga kA nirdeza hai| digambara jaina muni kA Atyantika aparigrahI jIvana anAsakta dRSTi kA sajIva pramANa hai| hama dekhate haiM ki rASTroM evaM vargoM kI saMgraha evaM zoSaNa vRtti ne mAnava jAti ko kitane duHkhoM evaM kaSToM meM DAlA hai| jaina AcAradarzana ke anusAra samavibhAga aura samavitaraNa sAdhanA kA Avazyaka aMga hai| jaina vicAradhArA meM yaha spaSTa kahA gayA hai ki jo samavibhAga aura samavitaraNa nahIM karatA, usakI mukti sambhava nahIM hai| aisA vyakti pApI hI hai|6 samavibhAga aura samavitaraNa sAmAjika evaM AdhyAtmika vikAsa kA anivArya aMga hai| isake binA AdhyAtmika uttarAdhyayanasUtra 6/48 / sUtrakRtAMga 1/1/2 / 55 dazavaikAlikasUtra 6/21 / praznavyAkaraNasUtra 2/3 /

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jainadarzana meM samatvayoga kI sAdhanA upalabdhi sambhava nahIM hai / ataH jaina AcAryoM ne sAdhanA kI dRSTi se anAsakti ko anivArya mAnA hai / 254 4. 8 mAnasika vaiSamya ke nirAkaraNa kA upAya : anAsakti samatvayoga kI sAdhanA meM sabase mahattvapUrNa pakSa caitasika samatva kA hai| Aja hama yaha dekhate haiM ki vizva meM caitasika asantulana bhI sabase adhika pAyA jAtA hai| amerikA jaise sarvasuvidhA sampanna rASTra kI manovaijJAnika sUcanAoM se yaha spaSTa hotA hai ki vaha rASTra mAnasika asantulana se sarvAdhika grasta hai / vastutaH caitasika asantulana kA kAraNa kahIM na kahIM manuSya kI AkAMkSAoM aura icchAoM meM asantulana hI hai| jaina paramparA meM kahA gayA hai ki icchAe~ AkAza ke samAna ananta hotI haiM / icchAoM kI anantatA aura unakI pUrti ke sAdhanoM ke sImita hone ke pariNAmasvarUpa mAnasika asantulana kA janma hotA hai / 57 vizeSAvazyakabhASya meM kahA gayA hai ki devadatta apane mahala kI khir3akiyoM se bAhya jagat ko dekhatA hai / 7 usI prakAra prANI indriyoM ke mAdhyama se padArthoM se apanA samparka karatA hai / indriyoM ke bahirmukha hone se vyakti kI rUci bAhya viSayoM meM hotI hai| indriyoM kA apane viSayoM se samparka hone para kucha viSaya anukUla pratIta hote haiM / anukUla viSayoM meM punaH punaH pravRtti hotI hai / vyakti meM unako bAra-bAra pAne kI kAmanA jagatI hai / yaha kAmanA hI caitasika asantulana kA pramukha kAraNa hai / anukUla kI prApti kI AkAMkSA aura pratikUla se bacane ke prayAsa ke kAraNa rAga-dveSa kA janma hotA hai / rAga aura dveSa kI upasthiti meM hamArI cetanA kA samatva bhaMga ho jAtA hai / citta kI isa asantulana kI avasthA ko mAnasika viSamatA kahA jAtA hai / yadyapi anukUla viSayoM meM pravRtti aura pratikUla 57 (ka) 'jaina, bauddha aura gItA ke AcAra darzanoM kA tulanAtmaka adhyayana' bhAga 1 pR. 465 / - DaoN. sAgaramala jaina / (kha) dekheM 'gaNadharavAda' - vAyubhUti se carcA /

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samatvayoga kI vaiyaktika evaM sAmAjika sAdhanA 255 viSayoM se nivRtti eka naisargika tathya hai| kintu isake sAtha icchA aura AkAMkSA ko jor3anA mAnasika asantulana kA kAraNa banatA hai| vastutaH jaba indriyoM ke sAtha mana kA yoga hai, to sukhada anubhUtiyoM kI punaH-punaH prApti aura duHkhada anubhUtiyoM se bacane kA saMkalpa janma letA hai| bhagavAna mahAvIra ne uttarAdhyayanasUtra meM kahA hai ki anukUla viSaya rAga ke kAraNa hote haiM aura pratikUla viSaya dveSa ke kAraNa hote haiN| inhIM rAga-dveSa ke pariNAmasvarUpa krodha, mAna, mAyA aura lobha ina kaSAyoM kA janma hotA hai| jaba anukUla kI prApti meM koI bAdhA upasthita hotI hai, to usa bAdhaka tattva yA vyakti ke prati krodha kA bhAva janma letA hai|6 vAMchita viSayoM kI pracuratA vyakti meM ahaMkAra ko janma detI hai aura vaha apane ko dUsaroM se zreSTha samajhane lagatA hai| isa prakAra jaba usameM ahaMkAra kA bhAva jAgRta ho jAtA hai, taba vaha usa ahaMkAra kI rakSA ke liye doharI jIvana zailI ko apanAtA hai| usakI karaNI aura kathanI meM eka antara A jAtA hai| dazavaikAlikasUtra meM kahA gayA hai ki jisameM pUjA va pratiSThA kI kAmanA hotI hai, vaha mAyA yA kapaTa vRtti kA sahArA letA hai| dUsarI ora indriyoM ko jo viSaya anukUla lagate haiM, unake saMgraha kI bhAvanA ke rUpa meM lobha kA janma hotA hai|60 isa prakAra rAga-dveSa aura tadjanya krodha, mAna, mAyA aura lobha kI vRttiyA~ vyakti ke mAnasika santulana ko bhaMga kara detI hai| sAtha hI vyakti kI icchAe~ apanI tRpti cAhatI haiN| icchAoM kI yaha tRpti bAhya sAdhanoM para nirbhara hotI hai| bAhya sAdhana aura bAhya paristhiti sadaiva hI icchAoM kI pUrti ke liye anukUla hI ho, yaha sambhava nahIM hotA hai| bAhya paristhitiyA~ pratikUla hone para atRpta icchA vyakti ke mana meM eka kSobha yA tanAva utpanna karatI hai aura isa prakAra caitasika samatva yA AdhyAtmika zAnti bhaMga ho jAtI hai| mAtra yahI nahIM, kabhI-kabhI vyakti apanI icchAoM aura AkA~kSAoM ko 58 uttarAdhyayanasUtra 32/23 / 56 vahI 32/102-105 / 60 'pUyaNaTThI jasokAmI, mANasammANakAmae / / bahu pasavaI pAvaM, mAyAsallaM ca kuvvai / / 35 / / ' -dazavaikAlikasUtra 5/2 /

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jainadarzana meM samatvayoga kI sAdhanA samAja ke bhaya se atRpta chor3a detA hai / eka ora sAmAjika Adarza hote haiM aura dUsarI ora vyakti kI atRpta AkAMkSAe~ aura icchAe~ hotI haiM / inake kAraNa hI vyakti kA caitasika samatva bhaMga ho jAtA hai / isa prakAra aise aneka kAraNa rahe hue haiM, jo vyakti meM mAnasika viSamatAoM aura tanAvoM ko janma dete haiN| eka ora vAsanAe~ apanI pUrti cAhatI haiM aura dUsarI ora sAmAjika aura dhArmika jIvana mUlya unheM anaitika yA anucita kahakara nakArate haiM / isa prakAra manuSya ke andara hI vAsanA aura viveka bala meM eka saMgharSa utpanna ho jAtA hai, jo mAnasika viSamatAoM kA kAraNa banatA hai| isa prakAra mAnasika viSamatAoM ke aneka kAraNa rahe hue haiM / jaba taka ina kAraNoM kA nirAkaraNa nahIM kiyA jAtA; taba taka caitasika samatva sambhava nahIM hotA hai / samatvayoga kI sAdhanA kA mukhya lakSya yahI hai ki isa mAnasika viSamatA ko samApta kara eka samatApUrNa jIvanazailI kA vikAsa kiyA jAya / 256 jainadarzana kA kahanA hai ki vyaktiyoM kI jaivika AvazyakatAoM ko lekara koI mahattvapUrNa antara nahIM hai / antara hai to unakI icchAoM aura AkAMkSAoM ko lekara hai / jaba taka vyakti kI icchA aura AkA~kSA para aMkuza nahIM lagatA hai; taba taka na to rASTrIya stara para, na antarrASTrIya stara para zAnti sambhava hogI / jaina dharma meM zrAvaka ke jina vratoM kI vidhAna hai unameM nimna tIna bAteM mahattvapUrNa haiM : 1. vyakti apanI icchAoM kA parisImana kre| unakI maryAdA nizcita kare; kyoMki ananta icchAoM kI pUrti kabhI sambhava nahIM hai| yadi icchAe~ parimita hoMgI, to hama unakI pUrti kara pAyeMge aura usase eka santoSa aura sukha kI anabhUti hogI / isake viparIta hamArI icchAe~ asIma banI rahIM to usake pariNAmasvarUpa hamArA citta azAnta rahegA aura unakI pUrti ke upAyoM ke mAdhyama se saMgharSa hogaa| ataH icchAoM ke parisImana ko samatvayoga kI sAdhanA kA mukhya AdhAra mAnA gayA hai / 2. dUsare vyakti ko apane upayoga- paribhoga ke sAdhanoM ko bhI sImita karanA hogA / yadi hama upabhoga - paribhoga ke sAdhanoM kI parisImA nirdhArita nahIM kareMge, to saMgraha kI vRtti samApta nahIM hogI aura saMgraha kI vRtti ke pariNAmasvarUpa sAmAjika

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samatvayoga kI vaiyaktika evaM sAmAjika sAdhanA 257 asantulana aura azAnti utpanna hogii| vyakti ko apanI jaivika AvazyakatAoM ko samajhakara unakI pUrti ke liye upabhoga-paribhoga ke sAdhanoM kI eka sImA nirdhArita karanI hogii| jainadarzana meM gRhastha upAsakoM ke liye yaha spaSTa nirdeza hai ki vaha apane bhoga-upabhoga ke sAdhanoM ko sImita kre| 3. samatvayoga kI sAdhanA ke liye hameM saMcaya vRtti se bacanA hogA aura isa hetu hamAre udyoga aura vyavasAyoM ke liye bhI eka sImA nirdhArita karanI hogii| una udyoga aura vyavasAyoM kA parityAga karanA hogA, jinake pariNAmasvarUpa jIvoM kA vinAza yA samAja meM asantulana kA janma hotA hai| isake liye jainAcAryoM ne eka ora una niSiddha vyavasAyoM kI lambI sUcI prastuta kI hai, jo samatvayoga ke sAdhaka ke liye varjita haiN| dUsarI ora unhoMne yaha bhI batAyA hai ki hameM apanI vyavasAyika pravRttiyoM ke sImA kSetra kA parisImana karanA hogaa| Aja jo vizva meM antarrASTrIya kampaniyoM kA varcasva bar3hatA jA rahA hai, vaha bhI kisI dina antarrASTrIya zAnti ke liye khatarA bana sakatA hai| kyoMki eka ora usase sAmAnyajana kI berojagArI bar3hatI hai, to dUsarI ora sampatti kA saMgraha bar3hatA hai| isaliye jaina AcAryoM ne kahA hai ki vyakti apane vyavasAyoM kI sImA ko bhI nirdhArita kare jisase samAja aura antarrASTrIya jagat meM zAnti banI rhe| 4.6 samatvayoga : vItarAgatA kI sAdhanA ... pUrva meM hamane isa tathya ko vistAra se spaSTa kiyA hai ki samatva aura vItarAgatA eka dUsare ke paryAyavAcI haiN| jo samatva hai, vahI vItarAgatA hai aura jo vItarAgatA hai vahI samatva hai| anukUla aura pratikula saMyogoM meM rAga-dveSa na karanA yahI samatva kI sAdhanA hai|' yaha sAdhanA vItarAgatA ke binA sambhava nahIM hotii| kyoMki yadi jIvana meM rAga-dveSa ke tattva upasthita haiM, to anukUla saMyogoM meM rAga aura pratikUla saMyogoM meM dveSa honA sambhAvita hai aura jaba 61 'rAgadveSa bhramAbhAve muktimArge sthirIbhavet / saMyamI janmakAntArasaMkramaklezazaMkitaH / / 15 / ' -jJAnArNava sarga 23 /

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258 jainadarzana meM samatvayoga kI sAdhanA taka anukUla ke prati rAga aura pratikUla ke prati dveSa hai, taba taka samatva kI sAdhanA sambhava nahIM hai| ataH hama kaha sakate haiM ki samatva kI sAdhanA hI vItarAgatA kI sAdhanA hai| kyoMki jIvana meM samatva ke Aye binA vItarAgatA prakaTa nahIM ho sktii| AcArya zubhacandra jJAnArNava meM likhate haiM ki "he Atman, tU apane samabhAva rUpI svabhAva dvArA rAga-dveSa se Upara uTha; kyoMki samabhAva rUpI agni se hI rAgAdi rUpa bhayAnaka aTavI ko dagdha kiyA jAtA hai|" samabhAva meM sthita hone ke liye rAga-dveSa se Upara uThanA Avazyaka mAnA gayA hai| rAga-dveSa kI upasthiti meM samabhAva kI sAdhanA sambhava nahIM hotI hai|62 ise spaSTa karate hue zubhacandra kahate haiM ki samabhAva rUpI sUrya kI kiraNoM se rAgAdi rUpa andhakAra naSTa ho jAtA hai aura apanI AtmA ke zuddha svarUpa kA avalokana hotA hai|63 isakA artha huA ki jaba taka jIvana meM samatva kA prakaTana nahIM hotA; taba taka rAgAdi bhAva samApta nahIM hote| jaba taka rAgAdi bhAva samApta nahIM hote, taba taka paramAtmasvarUpa upalabdhi nahIM hotii| jainadarzana ke andara paramAtmA ko vItarAga kahA gayA hai| AtmA jaba rAga-dveSa se Upara uThakara vItarAga avasthA ko prApta karatI hai; taba vaha paramAtmA kahI jAtI hai| ataH vItarAga paramAtmasvarUpa kA paryAyavAcI hI hai| yaha vItarAga dazA samatva kI sAdhanA ke binA prakaTa nahIM hotii| samatva kI sAdhanA ke liye vItarAgatA aura vItarAgatA kI sAdhanA ke lie samatva Avazyaka hai| samatvayoga kA sAdhaka vItarAgatA kA upAsaka aura vItarAgatA kA hI sAdhaka hotA hai| __ jainadarzana meM AtmA kA zuddha svarUpa samatva kahA gayA hai aura isa zuddha svarUpa kI prApti ke liye jIvana meM vItarAgatA kA AnA Avazyaka hai| jaina dharma meM sAdhanA ke jo vividha rUpa haiM una sabakA lakSya kaSAyoM ko upazAnta karanA yA kSINa karanA hai| kaSAe~ rAga-dveSa janya haiN| AcArya kundakunda ne batAyA hai ki rAga se 62 -vahI sarga 24 / 63 'rAgAdivipinaM bhImaM mohazArdUlapAlitam / dagdhaM munimahAvIraiH sAmyadhUmadhvajArciSA / / 6 / / ' 'sAmyasUryAMzubhirbhinne rAgAditimirotkare / prapazyati yamI svasminsvarUpaM paramAtmanaH / / 5 / / ' -vahI /

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samatvayoga kI vaiyaktika evaM sAmAjika sAdhanA 256 Asakta AtmA hI karmabandha karatI hai aura anAsakta AtmA mukta ho jAtI hai|64 ataH kaSAyoM ko kSINa karane ke liye rAga-dveSa ko kSINa karanA Avazyaka hai| uttarAdhyayanasUtra meM spaSTa rUpa se kahA gayA hai ki rAga aura dveSa - ye karma ke bIja haiN| karma ke ina bIjoM ko samApta karane ke liye rAga-dveSa ko samApta karanA Avazyaka hai|65 jaba rAga-dveSa samApta ho jAte haiM; taba jIvana meM samatva kA prakaTana hotA hai aura jaba jIvana meM samatva kA pragaTana hotA hai; taba vItarAga sthiti banatI hai| isa AdhAra para hama yaha kaha sakate haiM ki samatva kI sAdhanA vItarAgatA kI sAdhanA hai| AcArya zubhacandra ne yahA~ taka kahA hai ki jo samatva kI bhUmikA para ArUr3ha hai vaha apane samasta karmoM ko nimiSa mAtra meM kSaya kara detA hai|6 karmoM kA kSaya ho jAnA hI vItarAgatA kI upalabdhi hai| ataH vItarAgatA kI upalabdhi samatva ke binA nahIM hotI aura samatva kI upalabdhi vItarAgatA ke binA sambhava nahIM hai| ataH yaha kahanA atizayokti pUrNa nahIM hogA ki samatva kI sAdhanA vItarAgatA kI sAdhanA hai aura isI sAdhanA ke dvArA mokSa kI prApti sambhava hai| 4.10 samatva aura mokSa jainadarzana ke anusAra samatva aura mokSa eka dUsare ke paryAyavAcI hI kahe jAte haiN| jainadarzana meM mokSa ko parama puruSArtha yA jIva kA carama sAdhya mAnA gayA hai| bhagavatIsUtra meM AtmA ke prayojana yA antima lakSya ke sandarbha meM gaNadhara gautama ke dvArA prazna kiye jAne para bhagavAna mahAvIra ne kahA thA ki AtmA kA mukhya prayojana samatva kI upalabdhi hI hai| jainadarzana meM mokSa kI eka vyAkhyA svarUpa-upalabdhi ke rUpa meM kI jAtI hai| isa vyAkhyA ke anusAra AtmA kA apane svasvarUpa meM sthita honA hI mokSa hai| samayasAra 157 / 65 'rAgo ya doso vi ya kammabIyaM, kammaM ca mohappabhavaM vayaMti / kammaM ca jAI-maraNassa mUlaM, dukkhaM ca jAI-maraNaM vayaMti / / 7 / / '-uttarAdhyayanasUtra adhyayana 32 / 'sAmyakoTiM samArUDho yamI jayati karma yat / nimiSAntena tajjanmakoTibhistapasetaraH / / 12 / / ' -jJAnArNava, sarga 24 /

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260 jainadarzana meM samatvayoga kI sAdhanA mokSa AtmapUrNatA kI avasthA hai aura yaha AtmapUrNatA tabhI upalabdha hotI hai, jaba AtmA rAga-dveSa rUpa vibhAva payAryoM se Upara uThakara samatva rUpa svabhAva paryAya meM avasthita rhe| jaisA ki hamane pUrva meM dekhA hai, samatva ko AtmA kA svabhAva kahA gayA hai aura rAga-dveSa kaSAya Adi AtmA kI vibhAvadazA hai| vibhAvadazA ko samApta karake zAzvat rUpa se svabhAvadazA meM rahanA hI mokSa kahA gayA hai| isI sandarbha meM AnandaghanajI ne kahA hai ki 'eka ThAnekima rahai, dUdha kAMjI thoka', jaise dUdha aura kAMjI kA samUha eka sthAna para nahIM raha sakatA hai, ThIka vaise hI svabhAva aura vibhAva rUpa viparIta AtmA eka sthAna para nahIM raha sktii| AcArya kundakunda ne kahA hai ki moha aura kSobha se rahita samatvapUrNa avasthA ko hI mokSa kahA jAtA hai, to samatva aura mokSa eka dUsare ke paryAyavAcI hI siddha hote haiN| samatva eka ora mokSa kA sAdhana hai, to dUsarI ora vaha AtmA mokSa hI hai| kyoMki jainadarzana meM sAdhaka, sAdhya aura sAdhanA meM tAdAtmya mAnA gayA hai| isa sambandha kI vizeSa carcA hama isa zodha prabandha ke tIsare adhyAya meM kara cuke haiN| samatva eka ora AtmA kA sAdhya hai, to dUsarI ora AtmA kA svabhAva lakSaNa hone ke kAraNa sAdhaka bhI hai| sAtha hI sAdhaka ke kAraNa sAdhya ko prApta karane kA jo prayAsa hai, use sAmAnya artha meM sAdhanA kahate haiN| vaha bhI sAmAyika yA samatva hI hai| jaina dArzanikoM ne yaha mAnA hai ki AtmA kI vItarAga yA samatvapUrNa avasthA hI mokSa hai| mokSa aisI koI vastu nahIM hai, jo hamAre svabhAva meM anupasthita thii| use to jainAcAryoM ne svarUpolabdhi kahA hai| yadi AtmA kA svarUpa samatva hai, to mokSa samatva ke atirikta kucha nahIM hai| jainadarzana ke anusAra mokSa yA mukti kI anivArya zarta vItarAgatA kI upalabdhi hai aura vItarAgatA tathA samatva eka dUsare ke paryAyavAcI hI haiN| rAga-dveSa yaha AtmA kI vibhAva dazA hai| rAga-dveSa se Upara uThanA arthAt vibhAva se svabhAva kI ora jAnA yaha sAdhanA hai aura rAga-dveSa kI samApti yaha sAdhya hai| isa prakAra vItarAgatA hI sAdhya hai aura jo - - 67 bhagavatIsUtra 1/6/228 / Anandaghana granthAvalI pada 50 /

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samatvayoga kI vaiyaktika evaM sAmAjika sAdhanA 261 vItarAgatA hai, vahI samatva hai aura jo samatva hai vahI mokSa hai| vyavahArika rUpa se dekheM to AtmA kI ajJAnapUrNa yA moha avasthA ke kAraNa usameM anukUla ke prati rAga aura pratikUla ke prati dveSa ke bhAva utpanna hote haiN| isI rAga-dveSa ke AdhAra para krodha, mAna, mAyA aura lobha rUpa kaSAyoM kA janma hotA hai| kaSAyoM kI upasthiti se AtmA meM Aveza yA vikSobha janma lete haiN| AvegoM aura vikSobhoM ke pariNAmasvarUpa cetanA kA samatva bhaMga hotA hai| AtmA kA AvegoM yA vikSobhoM se yukta honA, yahI usakI vibhAvadazA hai| isa vibhAvadazA ko samApta karane ke liye hI sAdhanA kI jAtI hai| samatvayoga kI sAdhanA ke dvArA vyakti ina vikSobhoM aura AvegoM ke Upara vijaya prApta karatA hai| vikSobhoM aura AvegoM ke Upara vijaya prApta hone para vItarAgatA kI upalabdhi hotI hai aura yahI vItarAgatA mukta AtmA kA svarUpa kahI jAtI hai| vItarAgatA kI upalabdhi hone para AtmA samatva yA svabhAva meM avasthita hotI hai aura apane samatvarUpa svabhAva meM avasthita hone ko hI mokSa kahA gayA hai| isa prakAra samatva aura mokSa eka dUsare ke paryAyavAcI hI haiN| samatva hI mokSa hai aura mokSa hI samatva hai| isIliye AcArya kundakunda ne kahA thA ki moha aura kSobha se rahita AtmA kI jo avasthA hai, vahI mokSa hai|58 samatva kI sAdhanA hI mokSa kA antima kAraNa hai| isIliye AcArya haribhadra ne kahA thA ki jo samatva kI sAdhanA karegA, vaha nizcaya hI mokSa prApta kregaa| 4.11 samatva kI sAdhanA aura bAraha bhAvanAe~ evaM cAra anuprekSAe~ samatvayoga kI sAdhanA ke liye anuprekSAoM yA bhAvanAoM kA mahattvapUrNa sthAna hai| jainadarzana meM anityatA, azaraNa Adi bAraha bhAvanAe~ mAnI gaI haiN| ina bhAvanAoM kA cintana karane se vyakti kI Asakti yA rAgabhAva samApta hotA hai| bhAvanA mana kA vaha bhAvAtmaka pahalU hai, jo sAdhaka ko usakI vastusthiti kA bodha 66 pravacanasAra 1/5 /

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262 jainadarzana meM samatvayoga kI sAdhanA karAtA hai| hama yaha jAnate haiM ki hamArI viSamatA yA vibhAva kA kAraNa rAga-dveSa kI vRttiyA~ hai| inameM bhI rAga hI mukhya kAraNa hotA hai| rAga ke nimitta se hI dveSa kA janma hotA hai| jaba taka rAga kA prahANa nahIM hotA hai, taba taka jIvana meM samabhAva kA prakaTIkaraNa hI nahIM hotA hai| samatvayoga kI sAdhanA kA mukhya prayojana to rAga ko samApta karanA hI hai| jaba vyakti sAMsArika padArthoM kI anityatA athavA apanI azaraNatA yA asahAyatA kA cintana karatA hai, taba usakI Asakti yA rAgabhAva TUTatA hai| yahI kAraNa hai ki jainAcAryoM ne samabhAva kI sAdhanA ke liye anuprekSAoM yA bhAvanAoM ko Avazyaka maanaa| bhAvanAoM ke cintana ko bhAvanAyoga kahA jAtA hai, jo samatvayoga kA hI paryAyavAcI hai| bhAvanAvihIna dharma zUnya hai| vAstava meM bhAvanA hI paramArtha svarUpa hai| bhAva hI dharma kA sAdhaka kahA gayA hai aura tIrthaMkaroM ne bhI bhAva ko hI samyaktva kA mUla maMtra batAyA hai| koI bhI puruSa kitanA hI dAna kare, bhUmi para zayana kare, dIrghakAla taka muni dharma kA pAlana kare, lekina yadi usake mAnasa meM bhAvanAoM kI udbhAvanA nahIM hotI, to usakI samasta kriyAe~ usI prakAra niSphala hotI haiM, jisa prakAra se dhAnya ke chilake ko bonA niSphala hai| ___ AcArya kundakunda bhAvapAhuDa meM kahate haiM ki cAhe vyakti zramaNa ho athavA gRhastha, bhAva hI usake vikAsa meM kAraNabhUta hai| bhAva rahita adhyayana aura zravaNa se kyA laabh?72| jaina paramparA meM bAraha bhAvanAoM ko sAdhanA kA eka mahattvapUrNa aMga mAnA gayA hai| isa sambandha meM digambara paramparA meM vArassAnuvekkhA tathA kArtikeyAnuprekSA nAmaka do svatantra grantha nirmita hue haiN| zvetAmbara paramparA meM bAraha bhAvanAoM kA eka sAtha ullekha maraNasamAdhi grantha meM milatA hai|73 __ bhAvanA kA vyutpattiparaka artha hai 'bhAvyate'nena bhAvanA' arthAt 70 prAkRtasuktisaroja bhAvanAdhikAra 3, 16 / 71 sukti saMgraha 41 / bhAvapAhuDa 66 / maraNasamAdhi gAthA 572-73 patra 135 /

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samatvayoga kI vaiyaktika evaM sAmAjika sAdhanA 263 jisake dvArA mana ko bhAvita yA saMskArita kiyA jAya, vaha bhAvanA hai| pArzvanAtha cAritra meM ise paribhASita karate hue kahA gayA hai ki jina ceSTAoM ke dvArA mAnasika vicAroM yA bhAvanAoM ko bhAvita yA vAsita kiyA jAtA hai; unheM bhAvanA kahate haiN| yathArtha tattvoM kA sUkSmAtisUkSma cintana anuprekSA hai| tattvArthasUtra meM bhI bAraha anuprekSAoM kA nirdeza milatA hai| sUtrakRtAMga meM kahA gayA hai ki bhAvanA ke vega se AtmA isa saMsAra sAgara se pAra ho jAtI hai aura sarvaduHkhoM kA anta ho jAtA hai| bAraha bhAvanAoM ke cintana karane se kyA lAbha hotA hai isakA nirdeza karate hue zubhacandrAcArya likhate haiM ki ina bAraha bhAvanAoM ke abhyAsa se jIvoM kI kaSAyarUpI agni zAnta hotI hai, rAga galatA hai, andhakAra vilIna hotA hai aura hRdaya meM jJAna rUpI dIpaka vikasita ho jAtA hai| jisa prakAra havA lagane se agni prajvalita ho jAtI hai, usI prakAra ina bAraha bhAvanAoM ke cintana se samatArUpI sUkha jAgrata ho jAtA hai aura usa zAzvat sukha se jIva mukti prApta kara letA hai| ___ jainadarzana meM samatvayoga kI sAdhanA ke liye nimna bAraha bhAvanAoM kA cintana sAdhaka ke liye Avazyaka mAnA gayA hai : 1. anitya; 2. azaraNa; 3. saMsAra; 4. ekatva; 5. anyatva; 6. azuci; 7. Asava; 8. saMvara; 6. nirjarA; 10. loka; 11. dharma; aura 12. bodhidurlbh| Age hama ina para vistAra se carcA kreNge| inameM chaH bhAvanAe~ mukhya rUpa se vairAgyotpAdaka haiM aura chaH bhAvanAe~ tattvaparaka haiN| ina bAraha bhAvanAoM ke nAmoM kA artha isa prakAra hai : 74 pArasaNAhacariyaM pRSTha 460 / 75 bhAvanAyoga pRSTha 31 / / 'anityAzaraNa saMsAraikatvAnyatvAzucitvAnavasaMvara nirjarA loka bodhidurlabha dharmasvAkhyAtatvAnucintanamanuprekSAH / / 7 / / ' -tattvArthasUtra 7 / 77 sUtrakRtAMga 1/15/5 / 'vidhyAti kaSAyAgnirvigalitarAgo vilIyate dhvAntam / unmiSati bodhadIpo hRdi puMsAM bhAvanAbhyAsAt / / 2 / / ' / -jJAnArNava (dvAdazabhAvanA adhopasaMhAra) sarga 2 /

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jainadarzana meM samatvayoga kI sAdhanA adhruva ko anitya, jahA~ koI zaraNa nahIM use azaraNa, bhavabhramaNa ko saMsAra, jahA~ koI dUsarA nahIM use ekatva, jahA~ sabase bhinnatA use anyatva, malinatA ko azuci, karmoM ke jharane ko nirjarA, jisameM chaH dravya pAye jAe~ vaha loka, saMsAra se uddhAra kare use dharma aura ati kaThinatA se prApta ho use bodhidurlabha bhAvanA kahate haiM / 264 jahA~ taka samatvayoga kI sAdhanA kA prazna hai, usameM ina bAraha bhAvanAoM ke cintana kA mahattvapUrNa sthAna hai / ina bAraha bhAvanAoM ke cintana se samatvayoga kI sAdhanA nirmala banatI hai / vyakti kI Asakti TUTatI hai| rAgAtmakatA samApta hotI hai| ataH samatva kI sAdhanA phalavatI hotI hai / 9. anitya bhAvanA pratyeka vastu svabhAva se hI nityAnityAtmaka hai / nityAnityAtmaka vastu kA asaMyogI dravyAMza nitya evaM saMyogI paryAyAMza anitya aMza hotA hai / anitya bhAvanA meM saMyogI paryAyAMza ke sambandha meM hI cintana kiyA jAtA hai ki "maiM dravya rUpa se nitya jIvadravya hU~ / utpanna honA tathA samApta honA, yaha paryAya kA svabhAva hai, isameM harSa aura viSAda kaisA? yaha zarIra jIva aura pudgala kI saMyoga janita paryAya hai| dhana dhAnyAdika pudgala paramANuoM kI skandha paryAya haiN| inameM saMyoga aura viyoga niyama se nizcita hai / phira bhI anAdikAla se isa AtmA ne parapadArthoM aura paryAyoM meM hI ekatva sthApita kara rakhA hai| mamatva kara rakhA hai| unhIM ko sarvasva mAna rakhA hai| unhIM para dRSTi kendrita kara rakhI hai| una pariNAmoM ke kAraNa jIva ananta duHkha saha rahA hai / kyoMki usakA citta udvelita banA huA hai aura puruSArtha bhI ulTI dizA meM gati kara rahA hai I jJAnArNava meM AcArya zubhacandra likhate haiM ki he mUr3ha prANI ! yaha pratyakSa anubhava hotA hai ki isa saMsAra meM jo vastuoM kA samUha hai, ve paryAyeM kSaNa-kSaNa meM nAza hone vAlI haiM / isakA tujhe jJAna hote hue bhI ajAna bana rahA hai, yaha terA kaisA Agraha hai? yaha 76 'vastu jAtamidaM mUDha pratikSaNavinazvaram / - jAnannapi na jAnasi grahaH ko'yamanauSathaH / / 14 / / - jJAnArNava sarga 2 |

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samatvayoga kI vaiyaktika evaM sAmAjika sAdhanA 265 sampUrNa sthiti saMyogoM va paryAyoM ke pariNamanazIla svabhAva kA samyagjJAna zraddhAna na hone se banatI hai| ataH isa anitya bhAvanA meM saMyogoM va paryAyoM kI anityatA/kSaNabhaMguratA kA cintana kiyA jAtA hai| isI sandarbha meM AcArya kalpa-paNDita ToDaramalajI kA bhI kathana hai ki vyakti svayaM jaisA hotA hai, usI anurUpa padArthoM ko pariNamita karanA cAhatA hai, kintu koI kisI ko pariNamita karane meM samartha nahIM hai| jisa prakAra koI mohita vyakti murde ko jIvita karanA cAhe, to kyA sambhava ho sakatA haiM? usI prakAra mithyAdRSTi hokara padArthoM ko anyathA mAne, anyathA pariNamita karanA cAhe, to aisA sambhava nahIM ho sakatA hai| mithyAdRSTi ajJAnajanya AkulatA-vyAkulatA karate haiN| yahI mithyAdRSTi vyakti ko duHkhI karane meM nimitta banatA hai| kintu samyagdRSTi jJAniyoM yA samatvayogiyoM ko AkulatA-vyAkulatA nahIM hotii| ve citta ko santulita banAye rakhate haiN| unheM yaha jJAna ho jAtA hai ki yaha saMsAra parivartanazIla hai| jo AtA hai use nizcita eka dina yahA~ se jAnA par3atA hai| sthiratA nAma kA koI tattva hai hI nhiiN| saba kucha anitya hai| yaha AkulatA-vyAkulatA rAgajanya hai| isI kAraNa asthiratA/kSaNabhaMguratA kA cintana nirantara karanA Avazyaka hai| jJAnI-ajJAnI, saMyamI-asaMyamI sabhI ke liye isa anitya bhAvanA kA cintana upayogI hai| prazamaratisUtra meM AcArya umAsvAti ne batAyA hai ki "he jIva! tU iSTajana, saMyoga, Rddhi, viSayasukha, sampatti, Arogya, deha, yauvana aura jIvana - ina AThoM tattvoM ke prati anityatA kA cintana kara, jisase tU rAga-dveSa se Upara uTha paayegaa|" manuSya ke zarIra meM eka bhI roma aisA nahIM hai, jisake mUla meM roga kI sattA na ho| eka-eka roma meM paune do rogoM kA astittva batAlAyA gayA hai| rogoM ke upadrava aura Ayu kI kSINatA - ina do kAraNoM se yaha zarIra anitya, nazvara aura kSaNabhaMgura hai| __ 'bArahabhAvanA eka anuzIlana' pR. 26 / 'iSTajana-saMprayogaddhi-viSayasukha-sampadastathA''rogyam / dehazca yauvanaM jIvitaM ca sarvANya nityAni / / 151 / / ' -prazamaratisUtra /

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266 jainadarzana meM samatvayoga kI sAdhanA he bhadra! tU kyoM isa nazvara zarIra para mohita hotA hai; kyoMki zarIra vinAzazIla hai ('pratikSaNaM zIryate iti shriirN')| kArtikeyAnuprekSA meM bhI batAyA gayA hai ki aise zarIra meM sthira mAnanA bahuta bar3I bhUla hai|2 jJAnArNava meM batAyA hai : "he prANI! yaha zarIra tUne ananta bAra dhAraNa kiyA hai aura chor3A bhI hai| phira bhI isa para kyoM mohita ho rahA hai|"82 prANI kI Asakti kA ghanIbhUta Azraya zarIra hai| vaha zarIra ko svastha evaM ciraMjIvI rakhane kA hara samaya prayAsa karatA hai| use acche se acchA khilAtA hai, pilAtA hai| isako hRSTa-puSTa banAtA hai, ise sajAtA hai| phira bhI yaha zarIra anta samaya meM dhokhA dekara jAne vAlA hai| yaha zarIra anitya hai, asthAyI hai| ajJAna ke kAraNa vyakti zarIra kI apekSA lakSmI ko adhika mahattva detA hai| usase adhika prIti rakhatA hai| kintu he mAnava! yaha lakSmI havA se kA~pane vAlI dIpaka kI lau kI taraha asthira aura naSTa hone vAlI hai| isakI prApti bhI puNya ke adhIna hai| isa lakSmI kA viyoga avazyambhAvI hai| kArtikeyAnuprekSA meM lakSmI ko pAnI kI lahara ke samAna caMcala batAyA hai| yaha rahane vAlI nahIM hai| jaise batAyA gayA hai ki jisa puruSa ne lakSmI ko pA karake kevala saMcaya hI kiyA, dAna tathA bhoga meM kharca nahIM kiyA, usane manuSya jIvana pAkara bhI niSphala kiyaa| kevala apanI AtmA ko Thagane kA kArya kiyaa| __ manuSya prApta huI lakSmI kA abhimAna karatA hai, lakSmI kI sattA se dUsaroM ko dabAtA hai, satAtA hai| aprApta lakSmI ko prApta karane ke liye idhara-udhara bhaTakatA phiratA hai aura anartha kArya karatA hai tathA pApa pravAha meM baha jAtA hai| aisA manuSya dhana-lolupI sAbita hotA hai| vaha lakSmI ke mada yA lobha meM apanI buddhi ko kho baiThatA hai| he mUr3ha! lakSmI kA svabhAva hI anitya hai| isa tathya ko jAnate bUjhate bhI vyakti lakSmI kA sadbhoga nahIM kara sakatA, yaha manuSyoM 22 kArtikeyAnuprekSA zloka 6 / / 'yadyapUrva zarIraM syAdyadi vAtyantazAzvatam / yujyate hi tadA kartumasyAthe karma ninditam / / 16 / / ' 'jo puNa lacchiM saMcadi, Na ya bhuMjadi Neya dedi pattesu / so appANaM vaMcadi, maNuyattaM NipphalaM tassa / / 13 / / ' -jJAnArNava sarga 2 / -kArtikeyAnuprekSA /

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samatvayoga kI vaiyaktika evaM sAmAjika sAdhanA 267 kA doSa hai| vicArazIla manuSyoM ko lakSmI ke doSa va usakI asthiratA kA khyAla karake anitya-bhAvanA kI gaharAI meM utarakara lobha, tRSNA, garva aura uddaNDatA ko dUra karanA hai| AcArya kundakunda ne kahA hai ki samagra sAMsArika vaibhava, indriyA~, rUpa, yauvana, bala, saMsAra, deha, bhoga aura lakSmI sabhI indra dhanuSa ke samAna kSaNika haiM, saMyogajanya haiM aura isIliye vyakti ko samagra sAMsArika upalabdhiyoM kI anityatA evaM saMyogajanyatA ko samajhakara unake prati Asakti ko haTAkara samatva meM sthira bananA hai| __ zAntasudhArasa meM vinayavijayajI ne batAyA hai ki anitya bhAvanA ke cintana ke binA citta meM zAntasudhArasa sphurita nahIM ho paataa| usake abhAva meM moha aura viSAda ke viSa se Akula jagat meM svalpamAtra bhI sukha prApta nahIM hotaa| Age phira ve kahate haiM ki manuSya kA jIvana vAyu se uThatI huI urmiyoM kI bhA~ti caMcala hai; ApadA aura vipattiyoM se grasta hai| indriyoM ke sabhI viSaya saMdhyA ke AkAza ke raMgoM kI bhA~ti calAyamAna haiN| mitra, strI tathA svajanoM ke saMyoga se milane vAlA sukha svapna aura indrajAla kI taraha kSaNika hai| isa prakAra isa saMsAra meM koI bhI vastu aisI nahIM hai jo manuSyoM ke liye pramoda kA Alambana bana ske| anuttaraupapAtikadazAMgasUtra meM bhI manuSya jIvana sambandhI samagra anityatA kA sAragarbhita saMkSipta varNana upalabdha hotA hai|8 uttarAdhyayanasUtra meM bhI bhagavAna mahAvIra ne gautama ko sambodhita karate hue kahA hai ki "he gautama! terA zarIra jIrNa ho rahA hai| keza 65 'sphurati cetasI bhAvanAya vinA, na viduSAmapi zAntasudhArasaH / na ca sukhaM kRzamapyamunA vinA, jagati moha viSAda viSA''mule / / 66 / / ' -saMskRtachAyA bhAvapAhuDa / 'AyurvAyutarattaraGgataralaM lagnApadaH sampadaH / sarve'pIndriyagocarAzca caTulAH sandhyAbhrarAgAdivat / / mitrastrIsvajanAdisaGgamasukhaM svapnendrajAlopamaM / tatkiM vastu bhave bhavediha mudAmAlambanaM yatsatAm / / 2 / / -zAMtasudhArasa / vhii| 88 anuttaraupapAtikadazAMgasUtra 3/1/5 /

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268 jainadarzana meM samatvayoga kI sAdhanA sapheda ho rahe haiN| zrotrendriya kA bala kSINa ho rahA hai| ataH kSaNa mAtra bhI pramAda mata kr|"86 __sinduraprakaraNa meM dhana kI anityatA kA varNana kiyA gayA hai| zAntasudhArasa meM Age batAyA gayA hai ki "he Atman! tU vaiSayika sukhoM kI kSaNabhaMgura sahacaratA ko dekha, jo dekhate hI hAsya ke sAtha naSTa hone vAlI hai| viSaya sukha kA yaha sAhacarya saMsAra ke usa svarUpa kA anugamana karatA hai, jo tIvratA se camakane vAlI vidyuta-prakAza ke vilAsa jaisA hai| "he Atman! isa anitya bhAvanA kA cintana karake zAzvata akhaNDa tathA cidAnandamaya svasvarUpa kA sAkSAtkAra karake sukha kA anubhava kr| isa prakAra anitya bhAvanA kA cintana kr|" isase para padArthoM aura AtmA kI paryAryoM ke prati Asakti TUTatI hai| anukUlatAoM meM ahaMkAra aura pratikUlatAoM meM udvega nahIM hotA hai| AtmA ko samatva kI prApti hotI hai| 2. azaraNa bhAvanA pUrva meM hamane anitya bhAvanA kI carcA kii| aba usake pazcAt azaraNa bhAvanA kA krama AtA hai| sabhI prakAra ke saMyoga aura paryAyeM adhruva haiM, anitya haiM aura kSaNabhaMgura haiM tathA dravya svabhAva dhruva hai, nitya hai aura cirasthAI hai| yahI samatvayoga kI sAdhanA kA sambala hai| ___ vyakti svayaM kI surakSA ke liye kisI na kisI prakAra kI zaraNa prApta karanA cAhatA hai| para isa saMsAra meM koI kisI kA zaraNabhUta nahIM ho sakatA; isakA bodha azaraNa bhAvanA se hotA hai| prazamaratisUtra meM umAsvAti ne batAyA hai ki janma jarA aura mRtyu uttarAdhyayanasUtra 10/21 / 'pazya bhaguramidaM viSaya sukha sauhRdaM / pazyatAmeva nAzyati sahAsam / / etada'nuharati saMsArarUpaM rayA / jjvalajjalabAlikArUci vilAsam / / 74 / / ' 61 zAntasudhArasa pR. 6 / -sinduraprakaraNa /

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samatvayoga kI vaiyaktika evaM sAmAjika sAdhanA 266 ke bhaya se abhibhUta evaM roga va vedanA se AkrAnta loka meM tIrthaMkara ke vacana ke alAvA aura koI zaraNa nahIM hai|62 ___ isakI sAdhanA se citta meM uThane vAlI rAga-dveSa kI taraMgoM se vyakti Upara uTha sakatA hai| aisI nirarthaka vikalpa taraMgoM ke zamana ke liye azaraNa bhAvanA kA cintana Avazyaka hai| kArtikeyAnuprekSA meM batAyA gayA hai ki zaraNa usako kahate haiM, jahA~ apanI rakSA ho| saMsAra meM jinakA zaraNa vicArA jAtA hai, ve hI kAla pAkara naSTa ho jAte haiN| vahA~ kaisA zaraNa?2 azaraNa bhAvanA kA tAtparya yahI hai ki vikarAla mRtyu ke pAza se koI bhI bacAne meM samartha nahIM hotaa| uttarAdhyayanasUtra meM kahA hai ki jisa prakAra mRga ko siMha pakar3akara le jAtA hai, usI prakAra anta samaya meM mRtyu bhI manuSya ko le jAtI hai| usa samaya mAtA, pitA, bhAI, bahana, putra-putrI, patnI Adi saba eka ora khar3e dekhate rahate haiM - vivaza ho rote bilakhate haiN| lekina use mRtyu se bacAne meM koI samartha nahIM hote, na hI koI zaraNa dete haiN| jJAnArNava meM zubhacandra AcArya ne batAyA hai ki he mUr3ha! durbuddhi prANI! tU kisakI zaraNa cAhatA hai? aisA isa tribhuvana meM koI bhI jIva nahIM hai ki jisake gale me kAla kI phAMsI nahIM par3atI ho| samasta prANI kAla ke vaza haiN| saMyogI padArthoM meM zarIra eka aisA saMyogI padArtha hai, jisakI surakSA ke liye citta udvelita hotA rahatA hai| isa nazvara deha kI surakSA ke liye prANI kyA-kyA nahIM karatA hai| aneka prakAra kI auSadhiyoM kA sevana karatA hai, kudevoM kI ArAdhanA karatA hai, mantroM (ka) prazamaratisUtra zloka 152 / (kha) 'janmajarAmaraNa bhayairabhidrute vyAdhivedanAgraste / / jinavara vacanAdanyatra nAsti zaraNaM kvacitloke / / ' -zAntasudhArasa pR. 6 / 'tatthabhave ki saraNaM, jattha suriMdANa dIsade vilo| hariharabaMbhAdIyA, kAlasaNa ya kavaliyA jattha / / 23 / / ' -kArtikeyAnuprekSA zloka 23 / uttarAdhyayanasUtra 13/22 / 'na sa ko'pyasti durbuddhe zarIrI bhuvanatraye / yasya kaNThe kRtAntasya na pAzaH prasariSyati / / 1 / / ' -jJAnArNava sarga 2 /

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jainadarzana meM samatvayoga kI sAdhanA kI sAdhanA karatA hai, tantroM kA prayoga karatA hai, sudRr3ha gar3ha banavAtA hai, cikitsakoM kI zaraNa meM jAtA hai, caturaMgI senA taiyAra karavAtA hai, para jaba kAla AtA hai to sampUrNa kiyA karAyA dharAzAyI ho jAtA hai / kevala AtmA ko hI yahA~ se prayANa karanA par3atA hai| deha kA viyoga hI maraNa hai / yahA~ koI zaraNabhUta nahIM, sabhI azaraNa hai / 270 he bhavya prANI! samyagdarzana, jJAna, cAritra evaM samatvayoga hI apanA svarUpa hai| zraddhApUrvaka usI kI zaraNa grahaNa karanI cAhiye, jisase isa saMsAra samudra se AtmA kA utthAna ho ske| 1 jJAnArNava meM zubhacandra ne batAyA hai ki yaha kAla bar3A balavAna hai aura krUrakarmA arthAt duSTa hai / jIvoM ko pAtAla meM, brahmaloka meM, indra ke bhavana meM, samudra ke taTapara, vana ke pAra, dizAoM ke anta meM, parvata ke zikhara para, agni meM, talavAroM ke pahare meM, gar3ha, koTa, bhUmi, ghara meM tathA madonmatta hastiyoM ke samUha se rakSita ityAdi kisI bhI sthAna meM yatnapUrvaka biThA do; to bhI yaha kAla jIvoM ke jIvana ko grasIbhUta kara letA hai / isa kAla ke Age kisI kA vaza nahIM calatA 66 isa prakAra hameM dekhanA hai ki azaraNa bhAvanA meM bhI saMyogoM aura paryAyoM kI kSaNabhaMguratA kA bodha hotA hai / anitya bhAvanA meM bhI hamane unakI kSaNabhaMguratA kI carcA kii| azaraNa bhAvanA meM bhI yahI cintana karanA hai ki azaraNa svabhAva ke kAraNa kisI vastu ko apane pariNamana ke liye 'para' kI zaraNa meM jAne kI AvazyakatA nahIM hai / 'para' kI zaraNa paratantratA kI sUcaka hai 1 pratyeka vastu pUrNataH svatantra hai / anAthI muni jaba apanI gRhastha avasthA meM roga grasta hue, to unheM azaraNa bhAvanA ke cintana se vairAgya ho gayA / dharma kI zaraNa meM jAne kA saMkalpa karate hI ve svastha ho gaye / 66 'pAtAle brahmaloke surapatibhavane sAgarAnte vanAnte / dikcakre zailazRMge dahanavanahimadhvAntavajrAsidurge // bhUgarbhe sanniviSTaM samadakarighaTAsaMkaTe vA balIyAn / kAlo'yaM krUrakarmA kavalayati balAjjIvitaM dehabhAjAM / / 18 / / ' - jJAnArNava sarga 2 |

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samatvayoga kI vaiyaktika evaM sAmAjika sAdhanA 271 azaraNa kA artha hai - asahAya! jise para kI sahAyatA kI apekSA nahIM, zaraNa kI AvazyakatA nahIM; vastutaH vahI asahAya hai, azaraNa hai| AcArya pUjyapAda ne isI artha meM kevalajJAna ko asahAya jJAna kahA hai| jisa jJAna ko padArthoM ke jAnane meM indriya Aloka Adi kisI kI bhI sahAyatA nahIM hotI, use asahAya jJAna yA kevalajJAna kahate haiN| __anitya bhAvanA aura azaraNa bhAvanA meM mUlabhUta antara itanA hI hai ki anityabhAvanA kahatI hai : 'maranA sabako eka bAra apanI-apanI bAra' aura azaraNa bhAvanA kahatI hai : 'maratai na bacAve koii| rAgAtmaka vikalpoM ko jar3amUla se ukhAr3akara pheMkane kA sAmarthya evaM samatvayoga kI ora jor3ane kI cintanAtmaka vRtti hI azaraNa bhAvanA meM hai| nizcaya se to ekamAtra apanI zuddhAtmA kI hI zaraNa hai| saMkalpa-vikalpa se jaba citta udvelita ho jAtA hai| taba zuddhAtmA, paMcaparameSThI yA prabhu paramAtmA kI zaraNa hI sahAyaka banatI hai aura yahI samatva ko sthira banAtI hai| azaraNa bhAvanA kA mUla prayojana saMyogoM aura paryAyoM kI azaraNatA kA jJAna kare aura dRSTi ko vahA~ se haTAkara svabhAva sanmukha honA tathA samatva meM sthira honA hai| ratnakaraNDakazrAvakAcAra vacanikA meM paNDita sadAsukhadAsajI likhate haiM ki isa saMsAra meM samyagjJAna, samyagdarzana, samyakcAritra aura samyak tapa-saMyama hI zaraNa haiN| ina cAra kI ArAdhanA ke binA anantAnantakAla meM koI zaraNa nahIM hai tathA uttama kSamAdika dazadharma pratyakSa isa loka meM samasta kleza, duHkha Adi se rakSA karane vAle haiN|8 he AtmArthI! azaraNa bhAvanA kA cintana karake nija svabhAva kI zaraNa grahaNa karake ananta sukha ko prApta kr| isa prakAra azaraNa bhAvanA bhI hamAre rAgabhAva yA mamatvabuddhi ko samApta karane meM sahAyaka hotI hai| usase samabhAva kI vRddhi hotI hai| 67 sarvArthasiddhi adhyAya 1 sUtra 6 kI TIkA / - ratnakaraNDaka zrAvakAcAra pR. 400 /

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272 jainadarzana meM samatvayoga kI sAdhanA 3. saMsAra bhAvanA ___ 'sam' upasarga aura 'sR+dhana' = saM tathA 'sA+a' = sAra se 'saMsAra' zabda banatA hai| __ 'saMsaraNazIlaH saMsAra' saMsaranA-sarakanA-calanA - eka jagaha se dUsarI jagaha jAnA hI jisakA svabhAva hai, vaha saMsAra hai| jAnA, AnA, upajanA aura maranA yaha karma sahita jIva kA svabhAva hai; yaha svabhAva cAra gati, caubIsa daNDaka athavA caurAsI lAkha jIvayoni athavA paribhramaNa kSetra rUpa caudaha rAjU loka saMsAra kahalAtA hai| pratyeka jIva anAdikAla ke karmoM ke yoga se paribhramaNa kara rahA hai| loka ke nIce hisse taka, pUrva se lekara pazcimI kinAre taka tathA dakSiNa se lagAkara uttarI bhAga taka eka rAI ke dAne barAbara bhI aisA koI sthAna nahIM bacA hai, jahA~ isa jIva ne janma-maraNa ke duHkha kA anubhava na kiyA ho| pratyeka sthAna para, AkAza ke pratyeka pradeza para eka bAra nahIM kintu ananta-ananta bAra yaha jIva janmA aura marA hai| jaisA vairAgyazataka meM kahA hai ki eka bAla ke agra bhAga kA Tukar3A rakhane yogya bhI koI aisA sthAna nahIM bacA hai, jahA~ jIva ne anekoM bAra sukha-duHkha kI paramparA kA anubhava na kiyA ho| jaise janma-maraNa rahita koI kSetra khAlI nahI rahA hai, vaise hI koI jAti, kula, gautra, yoni yA nAma bhI aisA nahIM bacA, jisameM jIva ne ananta bAra janma-maraNa na kiyA ho| aba Age vairAgyazataka meM isa prakAra carcA kI hai - loka meM anantAnanta jIva haiM aura pratyeka jIva ke sAtha pratyeka jIva ne mA~-bApa, bhAI-bahina, putra-putrI, sAsa-zvasura, kAkA-kAkI, mAmA-mAmI, buA, bhojAI Adi ke rUpa meM anantAnanta bAra sambandha kiyaa| eka ora se naye-naye sambandha jur3a gaye aura dUsarI ora se purAne sambandha bichur3a gye| isa prakAra isa paribhramaNazIla saMsAra meM jIva ne ananta kAlacakra, ananta utsarpiNI, avasarpiNI aura ananta pudgalaparAvartana bitA diye haiN| 66 'taM kiMpi natthi ThANaM, loe vAlagga koDimittaM pi / jattha na jIvA bahuso, suhadukkhaparaM paraM pattA / / ' 100 'na sA jAI na sA joNI, na taM ThANaM na taM kulaM / na jAyA na muA jattha, sabbe jIvA aNaMtaso / / ' -vairAgyazataka 24 / -vairAgyazataka 23 /

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samacayoga kI vaiyaktika evaM sAmAjika sAdhanA 273 choTe se choTe 256 avalikA (1/10 zvAsocchavAsa parimANa) ke bhava nigoda meM kiye aura bar3e se bar3e taitIsa sAgaropama ke sAtaveM naraka ke kiye| nigoda meM do ghar3I jitane samaya meM 65536 bAra janma aura mRtyu huii| isa prakAra janmate-marate anantakAla to kevala nigoda meM hI vyatIta ho gyaa| vinayavijayajI ne zAntasudhArasa meM batAyA hai ki ananta-ananta rUpoM ko dhAraNa karane vAlA jIva isa anAdi saMsAra-samudra meM ananta pudgalaparAvartana (anantakAla) taka ananta bAra janma-maraNa karatA rahatA hai|01 isI meM Age carcA kI gaI hai ki he bhadra puruSa! tU isa saMsAra meM janma-maraNa Adi se bhayabhIta banA huA hai| moha rUpI zatru terA galA pakar3akara tujhe paga-paga para vipadA kI ora Dhakela rahA hai| ataH tU anubhava kara ki yaha saMsAra atyanta bhaganaka hai|"102 __ jJAnArNava meM AcArya zubhacandra ne batAyA hai ki saMsAra meM pratyeka prANI aneka rUpoM ko dhAraNa karatA hai aura usakA parityAga karatA hai| jisa prakAra nRtya karane vAlA bhinna-bhinna svAMgoM ko dhAraNa karatA hai, usI prakAra saMsArI jIva cAroM gatiyoM meM paribhramaNa karatA rahatA hai|03 vinayavijayajI kA kathana hai ki "he vinaya! tu saMsAra ke samasta bhaya ko vinaSTa karake arthAt paribhramaNa ko samApta karake jinavacana ko mana meM dhAraNa karake mokSa kA varaNa kr|"104 isa parivartanazIla saMsAra meM svajana-parajana kI koI sthAyI vyavasthA nahIM hai| kyoMki eka hI jIva mAtA hokara bahina, bhAryA yA putrI ho jAtI hai, to koI bahina hokara mAtA, strI yA putrI ho jAtI hai| koI strI hokara bahina, putrI yA mAtA ho jAtI hai| koI putrI hokara mAtA, -zAntasudhArasa pR. 17 / -vahI pR. 18 / 'anantAn pudgalAvartAnanantAnanta rUpa bhRt / anantazo bhramatyeva, jIvo'nAdibhavArNave / / ' 102 'kalaya saMsAramatidArUNaM, janmamaraNAdibhayabhIta re / moharipuNeha sagalagrahaM, pratipadaM vivadamapanIta re / / ' 103 'rUpANyekAni gRhNAti tyajatyanyAni santatam / yathA raDage'tra zailUSastathAyaM yantravAhakaH / / ' 'sakala saMsAra bhaya bhedakaM, jinavaco manasi nibadhAna re / vinaya! pariNamaya niHzreyasaM, vihitazamarasa sudhApAna re / / jJAnArNava pR. 30 / zAntasudhArasa pR. 16 /

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jainadarzana meM samatvayoga kI sAdhanA bahina, strI ho jAtI hai tathA koI pitA hokara bhAI, putra yA pautrI - nAtI bana jAte haiM / isa prakAra karmoM ke anusAra sambandha banate aura TUTate rahate haiM / 5 ataH he mumukSu prANI! saMsAra ke svarUpa kA punaH punaH cintana kara ki aho! yaha saMsAra asthira aura svabhAva se kaSTa rUpa hai / yaha iSTa aura aniSTa, sukha aura duHkha rUpa yugala dharma kA abhyasta eka prakAra kA upavana hai / jisako saMsAra meM iSTa viSaya samajhA jAtA hai, vaha bhI vAstava meM duHkha hI hai nATaka ke dRzyoM kI taraha yaha saMsAra abhinaya pUrNa tyAjya hai / isa prakAra kA cintana karanA saMsAra bhAvanA hai| uttarAdhyayanasUtra meM kahA hai ki "janma duHkhamaya hai, bur3hApA duHkhamaya hai, roga aura maraNa bhI duHkhamaya hai / are yaha saMsAra hI duHkhamaya hai, jisameM prANI kleza ko prApta ho rahe haiM / yaha loka mRtyu se pIr3ita hai, jarA se ghirA huA hai aura rAta-dina rUpI zastra dhArA se truTita kahA gayA hai / 108 106 107 274 1 prazamaratisUtra meM batAyA gayA hai ki sambandhoM ke bandhana ! sambandhoM kI mAyA ! yahI saMsAra hai, bhava bhramaNA kA mUlabhUta kAraNa hai sambandhoM ke jAla - jaMjAla meM maiM na to paramAtma- dhyAna meM nimagna ho pAyA... na hI tattva ramaNatA meM jur3A... aura na hI parama brahma meM lIna - tallIna ho skaa| ina sambandhoM kI mAyA ne mujhe caMcala, asthira, kAluSyayukta pAgala aura mUrkha banA DAlA / maiM bhI mUrkha banatA calA gayA / kintu he mUrkha! zuddha-buddha mukta AtmA ke sAtha sambandha avarNanIya sukha ko dene vAlA hai / ' 106 paradravyoM se kiyA gayA sneha vastutaH saMsAra hai / he Atman! tU cetana hai aura zarIrAdi paradravya sarvAMga jar3a haiM aisA cintana kara / .110 isa prakAra abhI taka hamane tIna bhAvanAoM kI carcA kI jisameM anitya meM saMyogoM kI kSaNabhaMguratA, azaraNa meM saMyogoM kI 105 106 107 tatvArthAdhigama pR. 365 / 'yatsukhe laukikI rUr3histaduHkhaM paramArthataH / ' uttarAdhyayanasUtra 16/16 / 106 108 vahI 14 / 23 / prazamaratisUtra pR. 332-33 / bAraha bhAvanA : eka anuzIlana pR. 54 / 110 - paMcadhyAyI /

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samatvayoga kI vaiyaktika evaM sAmAjika sAdhanA 275 azaraNatA evaM saMsAra meM saMyogoM kI nirarthakatA kA varNana kiyA gayA hai| aba saMyogoM yA 'para' se dRSTi haTAkara use svabhAva kI ora karanA hai| isa saMsAra kI asAratA ko jAnakara sArabhUta nija zuddhAtmA kI ArAdhanA karanA hai| isa prakAra saMsAra svarUpa kA punaH punaH vicAra karanA saMsArAnuprekSA hai| saMsAra paribhramaNa ko duHkharUpa jAnakara aura usase virakta hokara hI samatva kI saccI sAdhanA sambhava hotI hai| saMsAra bhAvanA hI hamAre mamatva ke visarjana aura samatva ke sarjana meM sahAyaka hotI hai| 4. ekatva bhAvanA saMsAra meM rahate hue bhI 'sva' kI svatantra sthiti kA bodha karanA ekatva bhAvanA hai| ekatva bhAvanA kA artha hai prANI akelA janma letA hai aura akelA hI maratA hai| apane zubhAzubha karmoM ko bhI vaha akelA hI bhogatA hai|" mRtyu ke samaya samasta saMsArika dhana-vaibhava tathA kuTumba ko chor3akara vyakti akelA hI prayANa karatA hai| eka saMskRta kavi ne kahA hai ki dhana bhUmi meM, pazu pazuzAlA meM, strI gRhadvAra taka, snehajana zamazAna taka aura deha citA taka raha jAtI hai aura prANI akelA hI apane zubhAzubha karmoM ke sAtha paraloka gamana karatA hai|12 kArtikeyAnuprekSA meM batAyA hai ki eka hI jIva nAnA paryAyoM ko dhAraNa karatA hai; vahI jIva puNya karake svarga meM jAtA hai aura vahI jIva karmoM kA kSaya karake mokSa meM jAtA hai|13 zAntasudhArasa meM bhI batAyA gayA hai ki manuSya akelA hI janma letA hai, akelA hI maratA hai, akelA hI karmoM kA saMcaya karatA hai aura akelA hI vaha unakA phala bhogatA hai| bAraha bhAvanA : eka anuzIlana meM batAyA gayA hai ki sampUrNa saMsAra meM paribhramaNa karatA huA yaha jIva pratyeka " kundakundAcArya kI sUktiyA~ / 12 sukti saMgraha / 13 'ikko jIvo jAyadi, ikko gabhammi gihade dehaM / ikko bAla juvANo ikko vuDho jarAgahio / / 74 / / ' 114 'eka utpadyate tanumAneka eva vipadyate / / eka eva hi karma cinute, sa ekakaH phalamaznute / / ' -kaartikeyaanuprekssaa| -zAntasudhArasa /

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276 jainadarzana meM samatvayoga kI sAdhanA paristhiti meM sadA akelA hI rahatA hai, koI dUsarA sAtha nahIM detA - yaha vicAra karanA hI ekatva bhAvanA hai|5 jJAnArNava ke anusAra bhI AtmA akelI hI svarga meM jAtI hai, akelI hI naraka meM jAtI hai, akelI hI karma bA~dhatI hai aura akelI hI kevalajJAna pAkara mokSa meM jAtI hai|"6 _ 'Apa akelA avatare, mare akelA hoy| kabahU~ yA jIva ko, sAthI sagA na koy||' janma se lekara mRtyu taka pratyeka paristhiti meM AtmA kA akelApana darzAyA gayA hai| isI prakAra AcArya pUjyapAda ne bhI batAyA hai ki sAthI kI khoja kabhI saphala hone vAlI nahIM hai; paradravyoM kA saMyoga hai, para sAtha nhiiN| paradravya saMyogI haiM, parantu sAthI nhiiN|"8 ekatva bhAvanA meM saMyogoM ke prati mamatva bhAva nahIM rakhane kA nirdeza aura apane akelepana (ekatva) kI svIkRti hai| citta meM akelepana kA cintana karanA hI ekatva bhAvanA hai| ekatva ke cintana pravAha ko dekhane ke liye kavivara giradhara ne nimnAMkita chanda kA ullekha kiyA hai : 'Aye hai akele aura jAyeMge akele,....' isa chanda meM akelepana kI anubhUti kA tarala pravAha hai| sAtha hI samyagdizAnirdeza bhI hai| akelApana hI ekatva hai|"6 ekatva bhAvanA ke sandarbha meM yaha bhI kahA gayA hai ki dasa lAkha yoddhAoM para vijaya prApta karane kI apekSA svayaM kI AtmA para vijaya prApta karanA parama vijaya hai|0 AcArya kundakunda ne sampUrNa samayasAra ekatva-vibhakta AtmA ke pratipAdana ko hI samarpita kiyA hai| unhoMne ekatva-vibhakta AtmA 115 'ekAkI cetana sadA, phira sakala saMsAra / sAthI jIva na dUsaro, yaha ekatva vicAra / / ' -bAraha bhAvanA : eka anuzIlana pR. 63 / 'svayaM svakarmanirvRttaM phalaM bhoktuM zubhAzubham / zarIrAntaramAdatte ekaH sarvatra sarvathA / / 2 / / ' jJAnArNava sarga 2 / 16 bAraha bhAvanA : eka anuzIlana pR. 63 / 18 sarvAthasiddhi 6/7/802 / kavivara giradhara kRta pR. 65 / uttarAdhyayanasUtra 23/36 /

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samatvayoga kI vaiyaktika evaM sAmAjika sAdhanA 277 ko apane nija vaibhava rUpa dikhAyA hai aura 'para' ke sAtha sambandha asat hai, visaMvAda paidA karanevAlA batAyA hai|21 ekatva kI pratIti meM svAdhInatA kA svAbhimAna jAgrata hotA hai, svAvalambana kI bhAvanA prabala hotI hai aura cittavRtti sahaja svabhAva samatva ke sanmukha hotI hai tathA samatva dRr3ha yA nizcala banatA hai| ekatva bhAvanA ke cintana se jo ullAsa/AnandAtireka jIvana meM prasphaTita honA cAhiye - dikhAI denA cAhiye, vaha bahuta hI kama dekhane ko milatA hai aura ajJAnI vyakti to akelepana se citta ko asantulita banA letA hai, jisase antaraMga zAnti bhaMga hotI hai| vinayavijayajI likhate haiM ki "he Atman! tU samatAyukta isa ekatva anuprekSA kA anucintana kara, jisase tU namirAjA kI zAnti arthAt parama Ananda kI sampatti ko upalabdha kara ske|"122 / AcArya pUjyapAda ekatvAnuprekSA kA prayojana aura phala batAte hue likhate haiM ki isa prakAra cintana karate hue jIva ko svajanoM meM prIti kA anubandha nahIM hotA aura parajanoM meM dveSa kA anubandha nahIM hotaa| isaliye vaha niHsaMgatA ko prApta hokara, samatva meM sthira banakara mokSa prApta karane kA prayatna karatA hai| ___ AtmA kA akelapAna abhizApa nahIM, varadAna hai| vyakti ko akelApana acchA nahIM lgtaa| vastutaH gaharAI se cintana kareM, to vahIM Ananda kA dhAma hai| usakI pratIti hI AtmA kA antima virAma hai - samatva se jur3ane kA AyAma hai| yaha bhAvanA samatva ko dRr3ha banAtI hai aura jJAna ke ghanapiNDa, Ananda ke kanda, zAnti ke sAgara, nijaparamAtma tattva ko pahacAna kara usI meM lIna banane kA sandeza detI hai| 5. anyatva bhAvanA ekatva bhAvanA jahA~ vyakti ko ekatva kI anubhUti karAtI hai, samayasAra gAthA 5/4 / 122 'ekatAM samatopetAmenAmAtman vibhAvaya ! labhasya paramAnanda sampadaM namirAjavat / / 23 / / ' -zAntasudhArasa / 123 'evaM hyasya bhAvayataH svajaneSu prItyanubantho na bhavati / parajaneSu ca dveSAnubantho nopajAyate / / tato niHsaMgatAmabhyupagato mokSayaiva ghaTate / ' -sarvArthasiddhi adhyAya 6 sUtra 7 kI TIkA /

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278 jainadarzana meM samatvayoga kI sAdhanA vahIM anyatva bhAvanA pRthaktva kA bodha karAtI hai| yaha AtmA-anAtmA yA sva-para kA viveka sikhAtI hai, jo samatvayoga kI sAdhanA hetu Avazyaka hai| anyatva bhAvanA kA Azaya hai ki zarIra se apanI AtmA kI bhinnatA kA vicAra krnaa| maiM zarIra se sarvathA bhinna hU~; kyoMki zarIra mUrta arthAta indriya gocara hai aura maiM anindriyagocara amUrta huuN| zarIra anitya hai| vaha Ayu pUrNa hote hI vighaTita ho jAtA hai| kintu AtmA to nitya hai| vaha kabhI naSTa nahIM hotii|24 . anyatva bhAvanA kA svarUpa spaSTa karate hue AcArya kundakunda likhate hai ki AtmA jJAna-darzana svarUpa hai aura zarIrAdika sabhI bAhyapadArtha isase bhinna hai| isa prakAra cintana karanA anyatva bhAvanA hai|25 isI prakAra kArtikeyAnuprekSA meM batAyA gayA hai ki jo dehAdika paradravyoM se bhinna apane nityajJAnAnanda svarUpa kA anubhava karatA hai, usake liye anyatva bhAvanA kAryakArI banatI hai|26| isI sandarbha meM jJAnArNava meM zubhacandra likhate haiM ki jaba deha aura prANI meM atyanta bhinnatA hai, to bahiraMga jo kuTumbAdika haiM, unase ekatA kaise ho sakatI hai? kyoMki ye pratyakSa bhinna dikhAI dete haiN|127 - deha se AtmA ke anyatva ko zrImadarAjacandra ne eka udAharaNa dvArA prastuta kiyA hai| anAdikAla se AtmA kA deha ke sAtha saMyoga sambandha rahA hai| ataH jIva deha ko AtmA mAna letA hai, parantu jaise myAna meM rahate hue bhI talavAra myAna se pRthaka hai, usI prakAra deha meM rahate hue bhI AtmA deha se bhinna hai|28 AcArya amitagati bhI jIva se bhinna dehAdi saMyogoM para se dRSTi haTA lene ke liye sAmAyika pATha meM kahate haiM ki jisa AtmA - -bArasaaNuvekkhA / 124 tattvArthadhigamasUtra pR. 367 / 125 'aNNaM im| sarIdAdigaM pi ja hojjebAhiraM davvaM / NANaM daMsaNamAdA evaM ciMtehi aNNattaM / / 23 / / ' 126 'jo jANiUNa dehaM, jIvasarUvAdu taccado bhiNNaM / appANaM pi ya sevadi, kajjakaraM tassa aNNattaM / / 62 / / ' 127 'anyatvameva dehena syAbhRzaM yatra dehinaH / tatraikyaM bandhubhiH sArdhaM bahiraGgaH kuto bhavet / / 7 / / ' 128 AtmasiddhizAstra 5 / kArtikeyAnuprekSA / jJAnArNava sarga 2 /

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samatvayoga kI vaiyaktika evaM sAmAjika sAdhanA 276 kA zarIra ke sAtha bhI sambandha nahIM hai; to usakA putra, patnI aura mitra ke sAtha sambandha kaise ho sakatA hai? kyoMki zarIra se camar3I dUra karane para romachidra kaise raha sakate haiM?28 isI sandarbha meM AcArya pUjyapAda ne kahA hai ki zarIra se anyatva kA cintana karanA anyatvAnuprekSA hai| zarIra aindriya hai, para AtmA atIndriya hai| zarIra ajJa hai para AtmA jJAtA hai| zarIra anitya hai para AtmA nitya hai| zarIra Adi antavAlA hai para AtmA anAdi-ananta hai| saMsAra meM paribhramaNa karate hue isa AtmA ke lAkhoM zarIra atIta ho gaye - AtmA usase bhinna hai| he ajJAnI mUr3ha! ina bAhya padArthoM se bhinnatA to svAbhAvika hai| isameM kyA Azcarya?130 zAnta sudhArasa meM vinayavijayajI likhate haiM ki AdhyAtmika vimUr3hatA ke kAraNa tU jisa zarIra ke sAtha 'yaha maiM ha~', isa abhinnatA kA anubhava kara rahA hai, vahI zarIra nizcita hI tujhe chor3a detA hai| bhale phira tU kitanA bhI adhIra bana aura kitanI hI dInatA ko pradarzita kr| __ paNDita pravara daulatarAmajI AtmA aura zarIrAdi saMyogoM meM paraspara bhinnatA aura abhinnatA kA citraNa karate hue likhate haiM ki yadyapi AtmA aura zarIra pAnI aura dUdha kI bhA~ti mile hue haiM, phira bhI abhinna nahIM haiN| pUrNataH bhinna hI haiN| jaba zarIra bhinna hai, to ghara, makAna, putra-patnI Adi kaise jIva ke apane ho sakate haiM?132 ___ isI prakAra padmanandikRta paMcaviMzati meM isI bhAva kA ullekha isa prakAra kiyA gayA hai hai ki jaba deha aura AtmA kI sthiti dUdha aura pAnI ke samAna ekakSetrAvagAhI hokara bhI bhinna-bhinna hai, 126 'yasyAsti naikyaM vapuSApi sArddha, tasyAsti kiM putrakalatramitraiH ? pRthakkRte carmaNi romakUpAH, kuto hi tiSThanti zarIramadhye / / ' __ -AcArya amitagati sAmAyika pATha 27 / sarvArthasiddhi adhyAya 6 sUtra 7 kI ttiikaa| 'yena sahAzrayase'tivimohAdidamahamityavibhedam / tadapi zarIraM niyatamadhIraM, tyajati bhavantaM dhRtakhedam / / 2 / / ' __-zAntasudhArasa pR. 5 / 132 jala-paya jyoM jiya tana bhelA, pai bhinna-bhinna nahiM bhelaa|| to pragaTa jude dhana dhAmA, kyoM havai ika mili suta rAmA / / 7 / / ' -chahaDhAlA paMcamaDhAla /

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jainadarzana meM samatvayoga kI sAdhanA taba bhinna eka kSetrAvagAhI parijana yA padArtha tere kaise ho sakate haiM? 133 280 paNDita dIpacandajI kRta bAraha bhAvanA meM yaha bAta aura bhI adhika spaSTa rUpa se kahI gaI hai ki jisa zarIra meM jIva rahatA hai, jaba vaha zarIra hI apanA nahIM hotA, taba jo paradravya pratyakSa 'para' haiM, ve apane kaise ho sakate haiM / 134 135 ,136 vinayavijayajI ne batAyA hai ki jJAna - darzana - cAritra lakSaNavAlI cetanA ke binA saba parAyA hai / aisA nizcaya karake tU apane kalyANa mArga kI prApti ke liye prayatna kara tU apane ghara ko dekha / anya koI tujhe durgati se ubAra nahIM sakatA hai| isI ke sandarbha meM batAyA gayA hai ki tU janma-janmAntara meM nAnA prakAra ke padArthoM kA saMgraha karatA hai, kuTumba kA bharaNa-poSaNa karatA hai / lekina paraloka meM jAne ke samaya eka patalA dhAgA bhI tere sAtha nahIM calegA, isakI pUrNataH sAvadhAnI vartanA evaM samatva se yukta AtmA ko jAgrata banAye rakhanA / anyatva bhAvanA kA cintana karake yahI vicAra karanA ki mai kauna hU~? kahA~ se AyA hU~ ? aba mujhe kyA karanA hai? mujhe kahA~ jAnA hai? merA cintana kahIM viparIta dizA meM to nahIM ho rahA hai| sabhI ko maiM apanA mAna rahA hU~, ye apane nahIM kintu apane hone ke sapane haiM / vastutaH jo apane haiM, . unake prati merA koI lakSya nahIM, isI kAraNa jIva nirantara saMsAra meM paribhramaNa kara rahA hai| isa paribhramaNa ko samApta karane ke liye hameM samatva meM sthira bananA par3egA / AnandaghanajI ne bhI yahI kahA hai : 'prIti sagAI jagamAM sahu kahi re, prIta sagAI na koya / ' saMsAra meM saba jIvoM ke sAtha rizte banAye / kintu anta meM koI bhI sAtha dene vAlA nahIM hai / sthAyI prIti kahIM najara nahIM AI / 133 ' kSIranIravadekatra sthitayordehadehino / bhedo yadi tato'nyeSu kalatrAdiSu kA kathA / / 46 / / ' 134 'jA tana meM nita jiya vasai, so na Apano hoya | padmanandi adhyAya 6 / to pratyakSa jo para daraba, kaise apane hoya / - dekhiye 'bAraha bhAvanAH eka anuzIlana' pR 66 / 135 'jJAna darzana cAritra ketanAM cetanAM vinA / - zAntasudhArasa pR. 28 / -vahI / 136 sarvamanyad vinizcitya, yatasva svahitA''ptaye / / ' 'janmani - janmani vividha parigrahamupacinuSe ca kuTumbam / teSu bhavantaM parabhavagamane, nAnusaratikRzamapi sumbam / / '

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samatvayoga kI vaiyaktika evaM sAmAjika sAdhanA 281 saccA prema vahI hai, jo nirupAdhika ho aura nisvArtha ho| aisA prema kevala AtmIya svarUpa ke sAtha ho sakatA hai| isa prakAra gaharAI se cintana karanA hI anyatva bhAvanA hai| isI kI samyak jAnakArI ke liye kahA gayA hai ki - 'jala-paya jyoM jiya-tana bhelA, pai bhinna-bhinna nahiM bhelaa|' vibhinna saMyogoM ke mele meM khoe hue nija zuddhAtmatattva ko khojanA hai, pahicAnanA hai, pAnA hai aura use sabase bhinna nirAlA jAnanA hai| usakA sadA cintana karanA hai - usI meM laganA evaM ramanA hai| usI meM lIna tathA vilIna honA hai| sampUrNataH usI meM samAviSTa honA anyatva bhAvanA yA samatva kA mUla prayojana hai|28 AcArya yogindudeva ne bhI kahA hai ki pudgala, jIva tathA anya saba vyavahAra bhinna haiN| ataH he Atman! tU pudgala ko chor3a aura apanI AtmA meM sthira bn| isase tU zIghra hI isa saMsAra ko pAra ho skegaa|36 ve Age kahate haiM ki jisane samasta zAstroM ke sArabhUta nija zuddhAtmatattva ko jAna liyA aura usI meM lIna ho gayA, use samasta zAstra kA jJAtA mAnA gayA hai| 'para' meM bhinnatA kA jJAna hI bheda vijJAna hai aura 'para' se bhinna nija cetana AtmA ko jAnanA, mAnanA aura anubhava karanA hI AtmAnubhUti hai, AtmasAdhanA hai aura AtmArAdhanA hai| sampUrNa jinAgama aura jina-adhyAtma kA sAra isI meM samAhita hai| anyatva bhAvanA ke cintana kI carama pariNati bhI yahI hai| yaha anyatva bhAvanA hameM yaha sikhAtI hai ki maiM zarIra meM hU~, kintu zarIra nahIM huuN| zarIra alaga hai aura maiM alaga hU~; kyoMki maiM zarIra kA jJAtA dRSTA huuN| ataH usase bhinna huuN| yaha anyatva bhAvanA bhI rAga kA prahANa karatI hai aura isa prakAra mamatva ko tor3akara hameM samatva meM sthira karatI hai| 137 Anandaghana cauvIsI 1/1 / / 138 'puggalu aNNu ji aNNu jiu, aNNu vi sahu vavahArU / cayahi vi puggalu gahahi jiu, lahu pAvahi bhvpaaruu||'-baarh bhAvanAHeka anuzIlana pR. 76 / 136 'jo appA suddha vi muNai asui-sarIra-vibhiNNu / jo jANaiM satthaI sayala sAsaya-sukkhahaM lINu / / 65 / / ' -yogasAra /

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282 jainadarzana meM samatvayoga kI sAdhanA 6. azuci bhAvanA __azuci bhAvanA ke dvArA Atma-anAtma kI bhinnatA kA bodha hotA hai| jIva kA deha ke prati pragAr3ha mamatva hai| usase vimukti pAnA azuci bhAvanA ke dvArA hI sambhava hai| prazamaratisUtra meM AcArya umAsvAti ne kahA hai ki sAdhaka ko zarIra ke pratyeka aMga-pratyaMga kI apavitratA yA azuci kA cintana karanA caahiye|40 yaha zarIra to pavitra ko bhI apavitra banAtA hai| isakI Adi evaM uttara avasthA azuci rUpa hai| isa prakAra zArIrika azucitA kA cintana karanA hI azuci bhAvanA hai| isI bhAvanA ke pariprekSya meM uttarAdhyayanasUtra meM kahA gayA hai ki yaha zarIra anitya hai, azuci rUpa hai aura azuci se hI utpanna huA hai|42 isI sambandha meM jJAnArNava meM batAyA gayA hai ki yaha zarIra svabhAva se hI malina hai, niMdya hai| yaha rUdhira, mA~sa, asthi, majjA, zukra Adi sAta azucimaya dhAtuoM se banA huA hai|43 isake nau dvAroM arthAt do netra, do kAna, do nAka ke nathune, eka mukha, eka gudA tathA eka liMga meM gaMdagI rahatI hai| isa zarIra ke pasIne Adi ke prabhAva se itra, tela Adi sugandhita padArtha bhI durgandha rUpa bana jAte haiN| susvAdiSTa madhura AhAra bhI viSTA rUpa bana jAtA hai| vAstava meM yaha zarIra rUpI kArakhAnA nirantara gandagI kA hI utpAdana karatA hai| jJAtAdharmakathA ke anusAra mallikumArI (unnIsaveM tIrthaMkara) ne zarIra kI azucitA ke mAdhyama se vivAha karane ke liye Aye rAjakumAroM ko vairAgyavAsita kiyA thaa|44 uttarAdhyayanasUtra meM zarIra ko rogoM evaM vyAdhiyoM kA ghara kahA 140 prazamarati pR. 326 / 141 vahI 330 / 'isaM sarIraM aviccaM, asuisaMbhavaM / asAsayAvAsamiNaM, dukkhakesANa bhAyaNaM / / 13 / / ' 'nisargamalinaM nindyamanekAzucisambhRtam / zukrAdibIjasambhUtaM ghRNAspadamidaM vapuH / / 1 / / ' 144 jJAtAdharmakathA AThavA~ adhyayana / -uttarAdhyayanasUtra adhyayana 26 / 143 -jJAnArNava sarga 2 /

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samatvayoga kI vaiyaktika evaM sAmAjika sAdhanA 283 hai|45 isI sandarbha meM paNDita bhUdharadAsajI ne bhI batAyA hai ki yaha deha atyanta apavitra hai - asthira hai| isameM raMcamAtra bhI sAra nahIM hai| isake samAna apavitra anya koI padArtha nahIM hai| sAgaroM ke jala se dhoye jAne para bhI yaha zuddha hone vAlA nahIM hai|46 kahA gayA hai ki 'asa deha kare ki yArI' arthAt aisI azuci deha se kyA prema karanA? tathA 'rAcana joga savarUpa na yAko, viracana joga sahI hai' arthAta yaha ramane yogya nahIM, apitu chor3ane yogya hI hai| paNDita jayacandajI chAbar3A ne isa prakAra batAyA hai ki apanI AtmA atyanta nirmala hai aura yaha deha apavitratA kA ghara hai| he bhavyajIvoM! isa prakAra jAnakara isa deha se sneha chor3o aura nijabhAva kA dhyAna kro|47 kArtikeyAnuprekSA meM spaSTa likhA hai ki he bhavya jIva! jo paradeha se virakta hokara apanI deha meM bhI anurAga nahIM karatA hai tathA apane AtmasvarUpa meM anurakta rahatA hai, vahI azucibhAvanA kA sAdhaka hai|48 __ bhAvanAzataka meM bhartRhari ne kahA hai ki 'rUpe jarAya bhayaM kA ye kRtAntAbhayaM' arthAt rUpa ko bur3hApe kA bhaya hai aura zarIra ko mRtyu kaa| vAstava meM dekhA jAya to rUpa saundarya ko naSTa karane vAlI akelI mRtyu hI nahIM hai, apitu vRddhAvasthA, roga Adi bhI haiN| sandhyA ke raMga kI bhA~ti yaha zarIra bhI asthira hai, rogoM se bharapUra hai, vyAdhiyoM kA ghara hai aura palabhara meM badalanevAlA hai| eka kSaNa meM yaha sundara dikhanevAlI deha dUsare hI kSaNa meM asundara bana jAtI hai| aise asthira vikArI aura kSaNika saundarya para mugdha honA 145 (ka) 'araI gaMDaM visUiyA, AyaMkA vivihA phusaMti te / vihaDai viddhaMsai te sarIrayaM, samayaM goyama! mA pamAyae / / 27 / / ' -uttarAdhyayanasUtra adhyayana 10 / (kha) uttarAdhyayanasUtra 16/14 / 146 'deha apAvana athira ghinAvana, yAmai sAra na koii| sAgara ke jala sauM zuci kIjai, to bhI zuddha na hoI / / ' ___-'bAraha bhAvanAHeka anuzIlana' pR.87 / 147 paNDita jayacandajI kRta bAraha bhAvanA / 148 'jo paradehaviratto Niyadehe Na ya karedi aNurAyaM / / appasarUva suratto asuitte bhAvaNA tassa / / 87 / ' -kArtikeyAnuprekSA /

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284 jainadarzana meM samatvayoga kI sAdhanA ajJAnatA hai| zarIra kI azucitA ko jAnakara hI mallikumArI kI sundaratA para rIjhe hue chaH rAjAoM ko vairAgya ho gyaa| uttarAdhyayanasUtra meM zarIra evaM indriyoM kI Asakti ko duHkha kA kAraNa batAyA gayA hai| hirana ko zabda kI Asakti, pataMgoM ko rUpa kI Asakti, bhauMre ko gandha kI Asakti, matsya ko svAda kI Asakti aura hAthI ko sparza kI Asakti kI viDambanA bhoganI par3atI hai| ina AsaktiyoM ke pIche ve apane prANa gaMvA baiThate haiN|46 azucitA kI bhAvanA kA prayojana zarIra kI apavitratA kA bodha karAkara AtmA ko deha ke mamatva se mukta karAnA hai| deha kA AkarSaNa kama hone se vyakti kA dhyAna AtmA kI ora abhimukha hotA hai| vaha samatva meM ramaNa karane lagatA hai| jJAnasAra nAmaka grantha meM mahopAdhyAya yazovijayajI ne kahA hai ki he Atman! deha ke pratyeka aMga-upAMga ke prati jAgrata banakara isakA upayoga Atmavizuddhi kI sAdhanA ke liye krle| kyoMki isa deha kA eka konA bhI pavitra nahIM hai| isase paramArtha paropakAra karale, tapazcaryA karale evaM gurUjanoM kI sevAbhakti krle|50 ___ isa prakAra azuci bhAvanA se dehAsakti TUTatI hai aura samatvayoga kI sAdhanA meM dRr3hatA AtI hai| 7. Amnava bhAvanA karmoM ke Agamana kA mArga Asrava kahalAtA hai| jJAnArNava meM batAyA gayA hai ki vAcika aura mAnasika pravRtti ko yoga kahate haiM aura isa yoga ko hI tattvavizAradoM (RSiyoM) ne Asrava kahA hai| rAga-dveSa ke bhAva, kaSAya, viSaya-bhoga, pramAda, avirati, mithyAtva aura Artaraudra dhyAna Asrava haiN|52 Asrava ke kAraNoM kA vicAra aura unake ke nirodha kA prayAsa hI Asava bhAvanA kA mukhya lakSya hai| 146 uttarAdhyayanasUtra 16/13-15 / -uddhRta 'jaina, bauddha aura gItA ke AcAra darzanoM kA tulanAtmaka adhyayana' bhAga 2 pR. 426 - DaoN. sAgaramala jaina / 150 'bAhyaddaSTi : sudhAsAra ghaTitA bhAti sundarI / tatvaddaSTestu sA sAkSAd viNmutrapiTharodarI / / ' -jJAnasAra / 15' 'manastanuvacaHkarmayoga ityabhidhIyate / ___ sa evAnava ityuktastattvajJAnavizAradeH / / 1 / / ' -jJAnArNava sarga 2 (AsravabhAvanA) / 152 yogazAstra 4/74-78 /

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samatvayoga kI vaiyaktika evaM sAmAjika sAdhanA kArtikeyAnuprekSA meM batAyA gayA hai ki sUkSma samparAya nAmaka dasaveM guNasthAna taka jIva kaSAya sahita hote haiM / unake Asrava ko sAmparAyika Asrava kahate haiM aura gyArahaveM, bArahaveM evaM terahaveM guNasthAnavartI jIva moha ke udaya se rahita hote haiM / unake yoga ke nimitta se hone vAle Asrava ko IryApathika Asrava kahate haiN| jo pudgala vargaNA karmarUpa pariNamatI hai, usako dravyAzrava kahate haiM aura jisakA AtmapradezoM meM spandana rUpa pariNamana hotA hai, usako bhAvAzrava kahate haiM / 153 samavAyAMgasUtra meM nimna pAMca Asava dvAroM kA varNana kiyA gayA hai : 1. mithyAtva; 2.avirati; 3. pramAda; 4. kaSAya; aura 5. yoga / 15 ina pAMcoM meM bhI pratyeka dvAra dravya aura bhAva ke rUpa meM do-do prakAra kA hotA hai / inameM bhAvamithyAtvAdi AtmA ke vikArI pariNAma haiM aura dravyamithyAtvAdi kArmaNavargaNA ke karmarUpa pariNamana haiN| naukarmarUpa zarIrAdi se kriyA rUpa pariNamana hote haiM / zarIrAdi saMyogoM ke samAna ye AsravabhAva bhI anitya haiM; azaraNa haiM; azuci haiM; AtmasvabhAva se bhinna haiM; caturgati meM saMsaraNa ke hetu haiM; duHkha rUpa aura jar3a haiM / inase bhinna jJAnAdi anantaguNoM kA puMja, ajara, amara, avinAzI, akhaNDa, piNDa AtmA nitya hai aura parama zaraNabhUta hai / AtmA saMsAra paribhramaNa se rahita, parama pavitra aura atIndriya Ananda kI prApti kA hetu bhI hai / isa prakAra Asrava ke svarUpa evaM kAraNoM kA cintana hI Asrava bhAvanA hai I 155 yogazAstra meM AcArya hemacandra ne yoga ko Asrava kahA hai; ' kyoMki yoga ke dvArA zubhAzubha karmoM kA Asrava hotA hai 1 tattvArthasUtra meM kahA gayA hai ki mana, vacana aura kAyA ke vyApAra yoga haiM / inake nimitta se hone vAle karmoM kA Agamana hI Asava hai| .156 153 'maNavayaNakAyajoyA, jIvapayesANaphaMdaNavisesA / 285 mohodaeNa juttA vijudA vi ya AsavA hoMti / / 88 / ' samavAyAMgasUtra samavAya 5/4 / 154 155 yogazAstra 4 / 68, 74 evaM 78 / 'kAyavAGmanaH karmayogaH sa AsravaH ' 156 - kArtikeyAnuprekSA / -tattvArthasUtra 6/1-2 /

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jainadarzana meM samatvayoga kI sAdhanA AtmA kI zubhAzubha bhAvarUpa Asrava kriyA se mukta honA hI AnavAnuprekSA ke cintana kA vAstavika phala hai / 286 kArtikeyAnuprekSA meM kahA gayA hai ki jo puruSa upazama pariNAmoM meM lIna hokara pUrvakathita mithyAtvAdi bhAvoM ko heya mAnatA huA chor3atA hai, usakI hI Asrava bhAvanA hotI hai / isa prakAra jAnatA huA bhI jo tyAgane yogya pariNAmoM ko nahIM chor3atA hai, usakA Asrava bhAvanA sambandhI sampUrNa cintana nirarthaka hai / 157 pAtaMjali yogazAstra ke anusAra bhI 'abhyAsavairAgyAbhyAm tannirodhaH' arthAt abhyAsa aura vairAgya se bhI cittavRttiyoM kA nirodha ho sakatA hai / ' 158 ataH Anava ke hetuoM se bacate hue saMvara kI dizA meM pravRtta honA cAhiye / Asrava bhAvanA kA mUla prayojana samatva se vicalana ke kAraNoM ko jAnakara unase dUra rahane kA prayatna karanA hai / 8. saMvara bhAvanA karmoM ke Agamana (Asrava) ke mArga ko nirUddha karanA saMvara hai / duSpravRttiyoM ke dvAroM ko banda karane kA cintana karanA saMvara bhAvanA hai / karmabandha kA mUla kAraNa Asava hai, usakA nirodha karanA saMvara hai / tattvArthasUtra meM batAyA gayA hai ki 'Asrava nirodhaH saMvaraH ' arthAt Asrava kA nirodha saMvara hai / " " saMvara mokSa kA mUla kAraNa tathA sAdhanA samatva kA prathama sopAna hai / saMvara zabda 'sam' upasargapUrvaka 'vR' dhAtu se banA hai / 'vR' dhAtu kA artha rokanA yA nirodha karanA hai / 156 160 dazavaikAlikasUtra meM kahA gayA hai ki kSamA se krodha kA, mRdutA 'ede mohayabhAvA, jo parivajjei uvasame lINo / heyaM ti maNNamANo, Asava aNupehaNaM tassa / / 64 / / evaM jANaMto vi hu, paricayaNIye vi jo Na pariharai / tassAsavANuvekkhA, savvA vi NiratthayA hodi / / 63 / / 158 pAtaMjali yogazAstra 8 / 156 tattvArthasUtra 6/1 / 160 'jaina, bauddha aura gItA ke AcAra darzanoM kA tulanAtmaka adhyayana' bhAga 1 pR. 386 / - DA. sAgaramala jaina / 157 - kArtikeyAnuprekSA /

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samatvayoga kI vaiyaktika evaM sAmAjika sAdhanA se mAna kA, RjutA se mAyA tathA niHspRhatA se lobha kA nigraha karanA cAhiye / uttarAdhyayanasUtra tathA tattvArthasUtra meM tIna gupti, 161 pAMca samiti, daza yatidharma, bAraha bhAvanA, parISaha jaya aura pAMca prakAra ke cAritra ke paripAlana ko saMvara kahA gayA hai / saMvara Asava kA pratipakSI hai| vaha karmoM ke Agamana ko rokane kI prakriyA hai / 162 jJAna aura vairAgyaparaka cintanapUrvaka apane upayoga ko mana-vacana-kAya kI pravRttiyoM se haTAkara apane Apa meM sthira honA hI saMvara bhAvanA hai| saMvara bhAvanA sukha rUpa hai, kyoMki isase bhava paramparA samApta hotI hai / saMvara aura samatva eka dUsare ke paryAyavAcI haiN| kyoMki saMvara meM kaSAya janita udvega samApta ho jAte haiM / AcArya amRtacandra ne kahA hai ki : , 163 'saMpadyate saMvara eSa sAkSAccadAtmatattvasya kilopalambhAt / sa bhedavijJAnata evaM tasmAt tadbhedavijJAnamatIva bhAvyam / / ' zuddhAtmatattva meM avasthiti hI sAkSAt saMvara hai / zuddhAtmatattva meM avasthiti bheda vijJAna se hI hotI hai / bheda vijJAna se rAga, dveSa evaM mohajanya viSaya - vikAra samApta ho jAte haiM aura ujjvala jJAna kA prakAza prApta hotA hai / 164 uttarAdhyayanasUtra meM saMvara ke sthAna para saMyama ko hI Asava nirodha kA kAraNa kahA gayA hai| 165 saMvara arthAt zArIrika, vAcika evaM mAnasika kriyAoM kA yathAzakya nirodha karanA aura AtmA meM praveza karanevAle karma-vargaNA 161 'uvasameNa haNe kohaM, mANaM maddavayA jiNe / 287 162 mAyaM caDajjava-bhAveNa, lobhaM saMtosao jiNe / / 36 / / ' -dazavaikAlikasUtra ti 'AsravanirodhaH saMvaraH / / 1 / / sagupti samiti-dharmAnuprekSAparISahajayacAritraiH / / 2 / / ' - tattvArthasUtra adhyAya 6 ( umAsvAti ) / 163 samayasAra kalaza 126 / 164 ' aNNANamao bhAvo aNANio kuNadi teNa kammANi / NANamao NANissa duNa kuNadi tamhA du kammANi / / 127 / / ' 165 'saMjameNaM bhaMte jIve kiM jaNayai ! saMjameNaM aNaNhayattaM jaNayai / / 26 / / ' - samayasAra / - uttarAdhyayanasUtra adhyayana 26 /

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jainadarzana meM samatvayoga kI sAdhanA ke pudgaloM ko rokanA saMvara hai / kyoMki ye kriyAe~ hI Asrava kA kAraNa hai| 288 - jainadarzana meM saMvara ke do bhAga kiye haiN| dravya saMvara aura bhAva sNvr| dravyasaMgraha meM kahA gayA hai ki karmAzrava ko jAgratipUrvaka rokane kI sthiti bhAva saMvara hai aura dravyAzrava ko rokane vAlI usa caitasika sthiti kA pariNAma dravya saMvara hai / 166 .168 samavAyAMgasUtra meM saMvara ke pAMca aMga batAye gaye haiM / 167 sthAnAMgasUtra meM saMvara ke ATha bheda nirUpita kiye gaye haiM I prakArAntara se jainAgamoM meM saMvara ke sattAvana bheda bhI milate haiM / DaoN. sAgaramala jaina likhate haiM ki upayukta AdhAra para yaha spaSTa ho jAtA hai ki saMvara kA tAtparya maryAdita jIvana praNAlI hai; jisameM vivekapUrNa AcaraNa tathA mana, vacana aura kAyA kI ayogya pravRttiyoM kA saMyamana aura sadguNoM kA grahaNa hotA hai / saMvara ke sAtha samatva kI sAdhanA bhI samAhita hai| jainadarzana meM saMvara dvArA sAdhaka se yahI apekSA kI gaI hai ki usakA pratyeka AcaraNa saMyata evaM vivekapUrNa ho aura cetanA sadaiva jAgrata rahe, jisase indriyoM ke viSaya usameM rAga-dveSa kI pravRttiyA~ paidA na kara skeN| jaba indriyA~ aura mana apane viSayoM ke samparka meM Ate haiM; to AtmA meM vikAra yA vAsanA utpanna hone kI sambhAvanA khar3I ho jAtI hai| ataH sAdhanA mArga ke pathika ko sadaiva jAgrata rahate hue viSaya sevana rUpa chidroM se Ane vAle karmAzrava se apanI rakSA karanI hai| sUtrakRtAMga meM kahA gayA hai ki kachuA jisa prakAra apane aMgoM ko sameTakara khatare se bAhara ho jAtA hai, vaise hI sAdhaka bhI adhyAtmayoga ke dvArA antarmukha hokara apane ko pApa vRttiyoM se surakSita rkhe|' dazavaikAlikasUtra meM sacce sAdhaka kI vyAkhyA karate .166 170 166 dravyasaMgraha 34 / 167 168 166 'jaina, bauddha aura gItA ke AcAra darzanoM kA tulanAtmaka adhyayana' bhAga 1 pR. 386 | - DaoN. sAgaramala jaina / sUtrakRtAMga 1/8/16 | 0616 samavAyAMgasUtra 5 / 26 / sthAnAMgasUtra 8 / 3 / 568 /

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samatvayoga kI vaiyaktika evaM sAmAjika sAdhanA 286 hue kahA gayA hai ki jo sUtra tathA usake rahasya ko jAnakara hAtha, paira, vANI tathA indriyoM kA yathArtha saMyama rakhatA hai aura jo bAhyAbhimukha na hokara AtmAbhimukha hotA hai, jo samatva meM rata rahatA hai; vahI saccA sAdhaka hai| saMvara mithyAtva nAmaka mahApApa kA nirodhaka, mithyAjJAnAndhakAra kA nAzaka evaM anantAnubandhI kaSAya kA vinAzaka hai| mithyAtva, ajJAna aura asaMyama AsravabhAva haiM; jabaki vItarAga bhAva saMvara hai| yaha saMvara hI muktimArga kA pravezadvAra hai| saMvara bhAvanA meM bhedavijJAna hI pradhAna hai| bAraha bhAvanA eka anuzIlana meM DaoN. hukamacanda bhArilla ne kahA hai ki sampUrNaloka ko 'sva' aura 'para' ina do bhAgoM meM vibhakta karake 'para' se bhinna 'sva' meM ekatva sthApita karanA hI saccA bheda vijJAna hai; AtmAnubhUti hai; saMvara hai aura saMvara bhAvanA kA phala hai|72 saMvara bhAvanA ke dvArA AtmA navIna karmoM ke bandhana se baca jAtI hai, jo pUrvakRta karma hai, unakA kSaya nirjarA ke dvArA hotA hai| ataH isake pazcAt nirjarA bhAvanA kA ullekha kiyA jAtA hai| 6. nirjarA bhAvanA ____saMvara AtmA meM praveza karanevAle navIna karmoM ko roka detA hai, lekina purAne karmoM kA kSaya karanA utanA hI anivArya hotA hai, jaise chidrayukta naukA ke cheda banda kara dene para usameM bhare hue pAnI ko sampUrNataH khAlI kara denaa|73 nirjarA zabda kA artha hai jarjarita kara denA, jhAr3a denA arthAt Atmatattva se karma pudgaloM kA alaga ho jAnA nirjarA hai| purAne karmoM ko kSaya kiye binA mokSa kI prApti nahIM ho sakatI hai| jainAgamoM meM pUrvabaddha karmoM ke kSaya ko hI nirjarA kahA hai| DaoN. sAgaramala jaina likhate haiM ki nirjarA bhAvanA meM sAdhaka upasthita sukha-duHkha ko pUrvabaddha karma kA pratiphala mAnakara use anAsakta 172 171 dazavaikAlikasUtra 10/15 / 172 'bAraha bhAvanA : eka anuzIlana' pR. 114 / / 173 'puvakadakamma saDaNaM tu NijjarA / / 1846 / / ' -DaoN. hukamacanda bhArilla / -bhagavatIArAdhanA /

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260 jainadarzana meM samatvayoga kI sAdhanA bhAva se dhairyapUrvaka bhogatA hai| duHkhoM kI paristhiti meM bhI vaha dUsaroM ko nimitta mAtra mAnakara unake prati dveSa nahI karatA aura sukha kI paristhiti meM bhI vaha pUrva karma kA pratiphala mAnakara kisI prakAra kA ahaMkAra nahIM krtaa|74 ___ isa prakAra nirjarA rAga-dveSa kI vRttiyoM se Upara uThakara pUrva ke udita karmoM kA kSaya karanA aura unake pariNAma ke avasara para naye bandha nahIM hone denA hai| pUjyapAda ne sarvArthasiddhi meM kahA hai ki karmoM kA AtmA se alaga ho jAnA nirjarA kahalAtI hai| karmoM kI nirjarA do prakAra se hotI hai| ataH nirjarA ke bhI do bheda hai : 1. savipAka nirjarA; aura 2. avipAka nirjraa| karma apanI sthiti ko pUrNa kara yathA samaya udaya meM Akara phala dekara alaga ho jAte haiN| jaba ve tapa ke kAraNa sthiti pUrNa hue binA hI khira jAte haiM, taba vaha avipAka nirjarA kahalAtI hai| yaha vratadhAriyoM ke hotI hai| avipAka nirjarA hI mokSa kA kAraNa hai| karma pudgaloM kA Atma pradezoM se pUrI taraha se nikala jAnA hI nirjarA hai| jainasiddhAntadIpikA meM nirjarA ko paribhASita karate hue kahA gayA hai ki 'tapasA karmavicchedAdAtmanairmalyaM nirjarAH' arthAta tapasyA ke dvArA karmoM kA viccheda hone para AtmA kI jo upalabdhi hotI hai, vaha nirjarA hai| isa paribhASA ke anusAra tapa nirjarA kA kAraNa hai|75 AtmA se sambaddha karmoM kA aMza rUpa meM dhIre-dhIre kSaya honA nirjarA hai| nirjarA bhI eka prakAra se mokSa hai| tattvArthasUtra meM bhI kahA gayA hai ki 'tapasA nirjarA' arthAt tapasyA hI nirjarA kA kAraNa hai| binA tapa ke nirjarA sambhava nahIM hai|76 ataH jaise tapa ke bAraha bheda haiM, vaise hI nirjarA ke bhI bAraha bheda haiN| 174 'jaina, bauddha aura gItA ke AcAra darzanoM kA tulanAtmaka adhyayana' bhAga 2 pR. 430 / -DaoN. sAgaramala jaina / 175 sarvArthasiddhi 8/23 / 176 tattvArthasUtra 6/3 /

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samatvayoga kI vaiyaktika evaM sAmAjika sAdhanA 261 ___karmoM kA bandha aura nirjarA kA yaha krama to satat calA A rahA hai| hama pratikSaNa purAne karmoM kI nirjarA karate rahate haiM, lekina jaba taka navIna karmoM kA sRjana samApta nahIM hotA, aisI nirjarA se koI lAbha nahIM hotaa| jaise koI vyakti purAne RNa kA bhugatAna karatA rahe, lekina navIna RNa bhI letA rahe, to vaha RNa mukta nahIM ho paataa| jaina dharma ke anusAra AtmA anAdikAla se savipAka nirjarA karatI A rahI hai, lekina nirvANa kA lAbha prApta nahIM kara skii| AcArya kundakunda kahate haiM ki 'yaha cetana AtmA karma ke vipAka kAla meM sukhada aura duHkhada phaloM kI anubhUti karate hue punaH duHkha ke bIja rUpa ATha prakAra ke karmoM kA bandha kara letI hai|177 DaoN. sAgaramala jaina batAte haiM ki sAdhanA mArga ke liye sarvaprathama nirdeza jJAnayukta banakara karmAzrava kA nirodha kara apane Apako samatva meM sthira karanA hai|78 saMvara yA samatva ke abhAva meM nirjarA kA koI mUlya nahIM hai - vaha to anAdikAla se hotI A rahI hai| kintu bhava paramparA ko samApta karane meM sahAyaka nahIM huii| dUsare meM yadi AtmA saMvara kA AcaraNa karatI huI bhI isa yathAkAla meM hone vAlI nirjarA kI pratikSA meM baiThI rahe, to bhI zAyada isa karma bandha se svAbhAvika nirjarA ke mAdhyama se mukta ho ske| RSibhASita sUtra meM RSi kahatA hai ki saMsArI AtmA pratikSaNa naye karmoM kA bandha aura purAne karmoM kI nirjarA kara rahI hai| lekina tapa se hone vAlI nirjarA hI vizeSa (mahattvapUrNa) hai|76 AcArAMgasUtra meM bhI kahA gayA hai ki tapa eka prakAra kI agni hai, jisake dvArA saMcita karmoM ko zIghra hI bhasmIbhUta kiyA jA sakatA hai| jaise agni jIrNa kASTha ko zIghra jalA DAlatI hai; vaise hI anAsakta AtmA karma zarIra ko zIghra jalA DAlatI hai| AtmA tapa ke dvArA parizuddha hotI hai| lekina tapa samyak prakAra se honA 177 'vedaMto kammaphalaM suhido duhido ya havadi jo cedA / so taM puNo vi baMdhadi bIyaM dukkhassa aTThavihaM / / 386 / / ' -samayasAra 6 / 178 'jaina, bauddha aura gItA ke AcAra darzanoM kA tulanAtmaka adhyayana' bhAga 1 pR 368 / -DaoN. sAgaramala jaina / 176 isibhAsiyam 8/10 /

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262 jainadarzana meM samatvayoga kI sAdhanA cAhiye, to hI vaha karma nirjarA kA hetu hotA hai| usI se AtmA mukti ko prApta hotI hai|80 10. loka bhAvanA __loka bhAvanA kA tAtparya loka ke svarUpa kA cintana karanA hai| yahA~ yaha prazna upasthita ho sakatA hai ki loka ke svarUpa ko jAnane kA prayatna samatvayoga kI sAdhanA ke liye kitanA sArthaka hai? isake uttara meM yaha kahA jA sakatA hai ki loka ke svarUpa kA jJAna jIva aura ajIva donoM ke svarUpa kA jJAna hai| jIva ke svAbhAvika va vaibhAvika svarUpa ko jAne binA sAdhanA ke kSetra meM koI gati nahIM ho sakatI hai| saMsAra bhAvanA yA lokabhAvanA hameM yaha batAtI hai ki yaha AtmA anAdikAla se isa saMsAra meM vividha yoniyoM meM janma maraNa karatI rahatI hai| usake isa paribhramaNa kA kAraNa usake hI zubhAzubha bhAva haiN| vyakti apane azubhabhAvoM ke pariNAmasvarUpa jahA~ naraka va nigoda kI yAtanA sahatA hai, vahIM zubha bhAvoM ke dvArA devayoni ko prApta karake vahA~ ke sukhoM kA anubhava karatA hai| phira bhI ye donoM avasthAe~ use bhavabhramaNa se mukta karAne meM samartha nahIM haiN| loka ke svarUpa ko jAnakara vyakti prathama to naraka, nigoda Adi duHkhamaya yoniyoM se bacane kA prayatna kara sakatA hai, to dUsarI aura zubha bhAvoM ko karake vaha manuSya, deva Adi zreSTha gatiyoM ke liye prayatna kara sakatA hai| yadi vyakti anAdi anidhana loka ke svarUpa ko nahIM jAnegA, to vaha janma-maraNa kI prakriyA ko bhI nahIM samajha skegaa| janma-maraNa kI isa prakriyA ko samajhe binA vaha isase mukta hone kA prayatna bhI nahIM kara paayegaa| isaliye sAdhanA kI dRSTi se loka ke svarUpa ko samajhanA Avazyaka hai| AcArAMgasUtra (1/1/1/1) meM kahA gayA hai ki jo AtmavAdI hogA, vaha lokavAdI hogA aura jo lokavAdI hogA, vahI karmavAdI aura kriyAvAdI hogaa| loka ke svarUpa ko jAnakara hI vyakti saMsAra paribhramaNa se mukta banane kA prayatna kara sakatA hai| jainadarzana ke anusAra isa anAdi anidhana saMsAra meM hamArI AtmA anantakAla se paribhramaNa 180 AcArAMgasUtra 4/3/141 /

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samatvayoga kI vaiyaktika evaM sAmAjika sAdhanA kara rahI hai| yadi hameM isa paribhramaNa se mukta honA hai, to hameM apanI sAdhanA ke dvArA aisA prayatna karanA hogA ki hama mukti ko prApta kara skeN| saMsAra ke duHkhamaya svarUpa ko samajhakara hI usase vimukti kA prayatna ho sakatA hai| yaha vimukti kA prayatna hI samatvayoga kI sAdhanA hai aura yaha sAdhanA saMsAra ke svarUpa ko jAne binA sambhava nahIM hai / lokabhAvanA meM hama saMsAra ke svarUpa ko samajhakara aura usameM paribhramaNa ke kAraNoM ko jAnakara isa saMsAra cakra se mukta hone kA prayatna kara sakate haiM / 11. dharma bhAvanA 1 dharma ke svarUpa ko jAnakara usako jIvana meM jIne kA prayatna karanA hI dharma bhAvanA hai / dharma bhAvanA meM dharma ke vAstavika svarUpa ko samajhane kA prayatna kiyA jAtA hai / samatvayoga kI sAdhanA ke liye dharma ke svarUpa ko jAnanA Avazyaka hai| bhagavAna mahAvIra ne AcArAMgasUtra meM dharma ko samatAmaya batAyA hai / " unakA kahanA hai ki samabhAva meM hI dharma hai / yadi hama samabhAva ko dharma mAnate haiM, to isase siddha hotA hai ki samatvayoga kI sAdhanA binA dharma bhAvanA ke sambhava nahIM hai / dharma aura samabhAva eka dUsare ke paryAyavAcI haiM / jaina dharma meM dharma kI dUsarI paribhASA ahiMsA ke rUpa meM kI jAtI hai / AcArAMgasUtra meM kahA gayA hai ki bhUtakAla meM jo arhat hue haiM, vartamAna meM jo haiM aura bhaviSya meM jo hoMge, ve saba yahI kahate haiM ki kisI bhI prANI ko pIr3A nahIM pahuMcAnA, duHkha nahIM denA aura usakI hiMsA nahIM karanA / yahI zuddha aura zAzvat dharma hai / ahiMsA ko dharma ke rUpa meM svIkAra karane para hI loka jIvana meM zAnti sthApita ho sakatI hai / ahiMsA dharma ke svarUpa kA cintana karane para loka jIvana meM samatA aura zAnti kI sthApanA sambhava hai / isa prakAra dharma bhAvanA kA samatvayoga kI sAdhanA ke sAtha atyanta gahana sambandha hai / dharma hI hamArA rakSaka hai / uttarAdhyayanasUtra meM kahA gayA hai ki jarA va mRtyu ke pravAha meM bahate hue logoM ke 182 1 181 'samiyA dhamme AriehiM pavedite' 182 'esa dhamme suddhe Niiie sAsae samicca loyaM kheyaNNehiM paveiie / ' 263 -AcArAMgasUtra 1/5/3/157 / -AcArAMgasUtra 1/4/1/132 /

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264 jainadarzana meM samatvayoga kI sAdhanA liye dharma hI uttama dIpa hai yA zaraNa sthala hai| dharma ke atirikta hamArA anya koI rakSaka nahIM hai|83 yogazAstra meM AcArya hemacandra ne kahA hai ki dharma hI una sabakA bandhu hai, jisakA saMsAra meM anya koI bandhu nahIM hai - anya koI sAthI nahIM hai| jinakA koI svAmI nahIM hai, unakA svAmI dharma hI hai|80 dharma hI hamArA eka mAtra rakSaka evaM trAtA hai| isa prakAra dharma ke svarUpa aura usakI upayogitA evaM mahattva kA cintana karate hue hama sAdhanA ke kSetra meM Age bar3ha sakate haiN|'5 dharma bhAvanA kA mukhya prayojana dharma kI upayogitA ko jAnakara tathA usake svarUpa ko samajhakara use jIvana meM utArane kA prayatna karanA hai| dharma jaba jIvana meM avatarita hotA hai, to vaiyaktika aura sAmAjika jIvana meM samatva yA samabhAva kA prakaTIkaraNa hotA hai| isa prakAra dharma bhAvanA samatva kI sAdhanA kA eka mahattvapUrNa sambala hai| 12. bodhidurlabha bhAvanA kisI bhI sAdhanA kI sArthakatA tabhI sambhava hai, jaba hamAre andara samyak samajha utpanna ho| bodhidurlabha bhAvanA kA tAtparya yaha hai ki saMsAra meM samyak samajha yA bodha kI prApti atyanta kaThinatA se hotI hai| jIva ko aise avasara kama hI upalabdha hote haiM, jaba vaha sanmArga ko prApta hotA hai| hamAre jIvana meM aise aneka avasara Ate bhI haiM, jaba hama avasara ko prApta karake bhI usakA upayoga nahIM kara paate| uttarAdhyayanasUtra meM kahA gayA hai ki jIvana meM cAra vastuoM kI upalabdhi atyanta kaThinatA se hotI hai : 1. manuSya bhava kI prApti; 2. dharmazravaNa; 3. zuddha zraddhA; aura 4. saMyama mArga meM puruSArtha / 86 183 'marihisi rAyaM ! jayA tayA vA, maNorame kAmaguNe pahAya / ekko hu dhammo naradeva ! tANaM, na vijjaI annamiheha kiMci / / 40 / / ' -uttarAdhyayanasUtra adhyayana 14 / 'abandhUnAmasau bandhurasakhInAmasau sakhA / anAthAnAmasau nAtho, dharmo vizvaikavatsalaH / / 100 / / ' -yogazAstra 4 / 185 vahI / 186 'cattAri paramaMgANi, dullahANIha jantuNo / mANusattaM suI saddhA, saMjamammi ya vIriyaM / / 1 / / ' -uttarAdhyayanasUtra adhyayana 3 /

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samatvayoga kI vaiyaktika evaM sAmAjika sAdhanA 265 yaha AtmA aneka yoniyoM meM paribhramaNa karatI huI atyanta kaThinAI se mAnava zarIra prApta karatI hai| mAnava jIvana ko prApta karanA kitanA kaThina hai, ise eka udAharaNa dvArA isa prakAra batAyA gayA hai ki yadi hama sampUrNa bhAratavarSa meM upalabdha kisI eka jAti ke anAja ko ekatrita karake usake vizAla Dhera meM eka sera sarasoM ko milA deM aura kisI eka vRddhA ko kaheM ki vaha punaH isa sarasoM ko alaga kara de - yaha jitanA duSkara kArya hai, usakI apekSA bhI eka bAra manuSya janma ko pAkara bhI kho dene para punaH prApta karanA atyanta kaThina hai| kAza! manuSya janma bhI mila jAya, to dharma zravaNa ke avasara atyanta kaThinAI se prApta hote haiN| sadbhAva meM kisI ko dharmazravaNa kA avasara bhI mila jAye, to usa para AsthA honA atyanta kaThina hai aura yadi AsthA utpanna bhI ho jAye, to usakA jIvana meM AcaraNa karanA aura bhI kaThina hai| isa prakAra jIvana meM samyak bodha aura dharma sAdhanA kA yoga ati kaThinAI se prApta hotA hai| ataH eka bAra upalabdha hone para usakA parityAga nahIM karanA cAhiye; kyoMki samyak bodha ko prApta kara usakI sAdhanA se hamArA vicalana na ho isaliye avasara kI durlabhatA ko samajhanA Avazyaka hai| manuSya jIvana aura sanmArga ko samajhane kA yaha avasara upalabdha huA hai| ise hAtha se na jAne denA hI bodhidurlabha bhAvanA kA mukhya sandeza hai| isa prakAra hama dekhate hai ki jainadarzana ke andara jo bAraha anuprekSAoM yA bhAvanAoM kI carcA hai, vaha nirvANa yA mokSa kI prApti kA anupama sAdhana hai| jainadarzana meM ina bhAvanAoM kI carcA mokSa mArga kI apekSA se hI kI gaI hai| vastutaH mokSa yA nirvANa kI sAdhanA samatva kI hI sAdhanA hai, kyoMki jainAcAryoM ne moha aura kSobha se rahita AtmA kI samatvapUrNa sthiti ko hI mokSa kahA hai| isa prakAra mokSa samatva kI avasthA hai aura isa dRSTi se samatva kI sAdhanA meM ina bhAvanAoM kA mahattvapUrNa sthAna hai| samatvayoga kI sAdhanA ke liye ina bhAvanAoM yA anuprekSAoM kA cintana Avazyaka hai| inake cintana se hamArI Asakti TUTatI hai 187 sUtrakRtAMga 2/1/1 /

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266 jainadarzana meM samatvayoga kI sAdhanA aura Asakti ke TUTane para hI jIvana meM samatva kA prakaTana hotA hai| ataH jo bhI sAdhaka jIvana meM samatva kI sAdhanA karanA cAhatA hai, use ina bhAvanAoM kA cintana avazya karanA caahiye| cAra bhAvanAe~ samatva kI sAdhanA kA mukhya lakSya to vyakti kI Asakti yA rAgAtmakatA ko samApta karanA hai, kyoMki rAga hI aisA tattva hai, jo hamArI cetanA ke samatva ko bhaMga karatA hai| kintu isake sAtha hI samatva kI sAdhanA kA dUsarA lakSya sAmAjika jIvana meM samanvaya aura saMvAda sthApita karanA hai| vyakti kA mamatva TUTe aura vaiyaktika tathA sAmAjika jIvana meM samatA kA abhyudaya ho, yahI samatvayoga kI sAdhanA mukhya lakSya hai| jaina paramparA meM isake liye cAra bhAvanAoM aura bAraha anuprekSAoM ko svIkAra kiyA gayA hai| cAra bhAvanAoM ke nAma haiM - maitrI, pramoda, kArUNya aura maadhysth| bauddha paramparA meM inheM bahma vihAra bhI kahA jAtA hai| vaise inakI carcA anya paramparAoM meM bhI pAyI jAtI hai| __ maitrI Adi cAra bhAvanAe~ hameM vaiyaktika jIvana meM tanAvoM se mukta rakhatI haiN| sAtha hI ve sAmAjika jIvana meM samatva aura santulana kA AdhAra bhI haiN| maitrI kA bhAva vaimanasya kA pratirodhI hai| vyakti ke jIvana meM jaba taka vaimanasya kA bhAva banA rahatA hai, taba taka vaha tanAvoM se grasita banA rahatA hai| isaliye hameM vaiyaktika jIvana ke tanAvoM se mukta rahane ke liye maitrI bhAvanA ko sthAna denA hogaa| maitrI kA bhAva hamAre caitasika samatva ke liye to Avazyaka hai hI, kintu vaha sAmAjika jIvana meM samatA kI sthApanA ke liye bhI Avazyaka hai| samAja ke dUsare sadasyoM ke prati maitrI kA bhAva ho to sAmAjika jIvana meM santulana banA rahatA hai| samatva kI sAdhanA ke liye maitrI kI avadhAraNA Avazyaka hai| na kevala vyaktiyoM ke madhya apitu parivAroM, samAjoM aura rASTroM ke madhya bhI yadi maitrI kA bhAva vikasita hotA hai, to hI sAmAjika saMgharSoM aura rASTra ke madhya hone vAle yuddhoM se bacA jA sakatA hai| maitrI kA bhAva hI eka aisA tattva hai, jo hamAre sAmAjika jIvana meM zAnti kI sthApanA kara sakatA hai aura sAmAjika jIvana ke saMgharSoM ko bhI samApta karatA hai| usake pariNAmasvarUpa eka ora citta ghRNA vidveSa

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samatvayoga kI vaiyaktika evaM sAmAjika sAdhanA 267 Adi vaibhAvika avasthA se bacatA hai, to dUsarI ora parivAra aura samAja ke sadasyoM ke madhya sAmaMjasya kI sthApanA bhI hotI hai| isa prakAra maitrI bhAvanA kA samatva kI sAdhanA ke sAtha mahattvapUrNa sambandha hai| __ AcArya haribhadrasUri ne na kevala ina cAra bhAvanAoM kA ullekha kiyA hai, apitu inake svarUpa ko bhI spaSTa kiyA hai| ve likhate haiM ki maitrI kA sAmAnya lakSaNa 'parahitacintA maitrI' arthAt dUsare ke hita kA vicAra karanA, koI bhI du:kha kA bhAjana na bane, samasta prANI duHkha se mukta ho jAye, prANI mAtra kA kalyANa evaM rakSaNa ho, isa prakAra kI bhAvanA maitrI bhAvanA hai|88 maitrI bhAvanA adveSa kI bhAvanA hai| samyak rUpa se isa bhAvanA ko karane para dveSa kA upazamana hotA hai| yaha dveSa ko upazAnta karane kA amogha upAya hai| maitrI bhAvanA se vaimanasya aura zatrutA samApta hotI hai aura samatvayoga kI sAdhanA majabUta hotI hai| isa prakAra kalikAla sarvajJa AcArya hemacandrasUri ne bhI yogazAstra meM ina cAra bhAvanAoM kA varNana kiyA hai| siddharSigaNi viracita muni sundarasUri racita adhyAtmakalpadruma meM, nyAya vizArada upAdhyAya yazovijayajI racita dvAtriMzat dvAtriMzikA evaM AcArya amitagati racita sAmAyikasUtra meM bhI ina cAra bhAvanAoM kA varNana milatA hai|80 mAtra yahI nahIM, mUla AgamoM meM bhI ina bhAvanAoM ke prakIrNa ullekha upalabdha haiN| samatAdhikAra ke prathama zloka meM hI ina cAra bhAvanAoM kA pratyakSa phala batAte hue kahA gayA hai ki jo sAdhaka Atmavat bhAvanA se pratyeka prANI ke sukha-duHkha ko Atmasama dekhatA hai, vahI samatvayogI mAnA gayA hai| sabhI jIvoM ke prati aise samatvabhAva ko sAmAyika kahA gayA hai| 188 'parahitacintA maitrI, paraduHkhavinAzinI tathA karUNA / parasukha tuSTi muditA, paradASoprekSaNamupekSA / / 15 / / ' -haribhadrasUrI 16 prakaraNa 4 SoDazaka / 16 'maitrI-pramoda-kArUNya-mAdhyasthyAni niyojaset / dharmadhyAnamupaskartR, taddhi tasya rasAyanam / / 117 / / ' / ___-'yogazAstra' prakAza 4 / 'sattaveSu maitrI guNiSu pramodaM, kliSTeSu jIvesu kRpAparatvam / madhyasthabhAvaM viparItavRttauH, sadA mamAtmA vidaghAtu deva / / ' -sAmAyikasUtra pR. 62 / 161 'bhajasvamaitrI jagadagirAziSu, pramodamAtmAguNiSu tvazeSataH / bhavArtadIneSu kRpArasaM sadApyudAsavRttiM khalunirguNeSvapi / / 1 / / -prathama samatAdhikAra /

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268 jainadarzana meM samatvayoga kI sAdhanA 1. maitrI bhAvanA maitrI arthAt samabhAva - AtmA kI vishuddhi| jaise AtmA kI vizuddhi bar3hatI jAyegI, vaise maitrI bhAvanA meM vRddhi hotI jAyegI aura samatvayoga dRr3ha hotA jaayegaa| maitrI bhAvanA AtmA kA eka mahattvapUrNa guNa hai| maitrIbhAva kA sAdhaka samasta vizva ke prANiyoM ko Atmavat dekhatA hai| maitrI bhAvanA aura samatvayoga kA paraspara gAr3ha sambandha rahA huA hai| samatva bhAva se hI maitrI bhAvanA kA nirmANa hotA haiN| vaidika sAhitya meM kahA gayA hai : ___ mitrasya cAkSuSA sarvANi bhUtAni pazyAmahe / 62 tU vizva ke sabhI jIvoM ko mitratA kI AMkhoM se dekh| jainadarzana meM kahA gayA hai ki kisI ke sAtha merA vaira nahIM hai athavA saba ke prati merA mitratA kA bhAva hai| yahI samatva kI sAdhanA kA kAraNa hai| dhammapada meM kahA gayA hai- 'maittaM ca me savvalokassi' vizva ke sabhI prANiyoM ke sAtha merI maitrI hai| samatAyogI isI prakAra kA cintana karatA hai| gItA meM bhI maitrI Adi bhAvanAoM ke anurUpa Atmopagamya kI bAta kahI hai| dUsaroM meM apane ko evaM apane meM dUsaroM ko samAna rUpa se dekhanA samatva kI sAdhanA kA AdhAra hai| dUsaroM ke sukha-duHkha kI anubhUti apanI AtmA ke samAna karanA samatvayogI kA lakSaNa hai| ___ gItA meM likhA hai ki manuSya ko tuccha svArthavRtti chor3akara paramArtha-dRSTi se cintana aura vyavahAra karanA caahiye| yahI maitrImUlaka samatA hai| jaba manuSya kI dRSTi Atmopamya kI ho jAtI hai, taba vaha svArtha pravRtti se Upara uTha jAtA hai aura usakI dRSTi samatAmaya bana jAtI hai|'83 AcAryoM ne maitrI kA nimna lakSaNa kiyA hai - 'sukhacintA matA 162 yajurveda 36/18 / / 163 'Atmaupamyena sarvatra samaM pazyati yo'rjuna / sukhaM vA yadi vA duHkha sa yogI paramo mataH / / 32 / / ' -gItA 6 /

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samatvayoga kI vaiyaktika evaM sAmAjika sAdhanA 266 maitrI' arthAt dUsare prANiyoM ke vAstavika sukha kI bhAvanA yA cintana karanA maitrI hai| tattvArtharAjavArtika evaM sarvArthasiddhi meM kahA gayA hai ki : 'pareSAM duHkhAnutpatyabhilASA maitrI'164 dUsaroM ko kiMcit mAtra bhI duHkha na ho, aisI abhilASA rakhanA maitrI hai| jisake citta meM prasannatA, sadbhAvanA pUrNa AtmIyatA evaM jIvana kI madhuratA hai, vahI samatvayogI hai| __ maitrI jaba hRdaya meM vyApaka rUpa dhAraNa karatI hai, taba saMkIrNatAe~, saMkucitatA, svArtha bhAvanA Adi samApta ho jAtI hai aura hRdaya meM zuddha prema dayA, AtmIyatA, bandhutA, sahRdayatA, karuNA, kSamA, sevA Adi ke divya guNa prakaTa ho jAte haiN| jIvana meM sukha sampadAoM kI koI kamI nahIM rhtii| maitrI ke mAdhyama se manuSya vizva kI samasta AtmAoM ke prati AtmIya bhAva rakhatA hai| bhagavAna mahAvIra ne bhI kahA hai : ___mitti meM savvabhUaisu, vairaM mamaM na kennii|165 vizva ke prANImAtra se vaira-virodha na rakhakara sabhI ke prati maitrI bhAvanA rakhanA hI samabhAva yA samatva kI sAdhanA hai| 2. pramoda bhAvanA cAra bhAvanAoM meM dUsarA sthAna pramoda bhAvanA kA hai| pramoda bhAvanA kA artha guNIjanoM ke prati Adara kA bhAva hai tathA unakI upasthiti aura unake sAnnidhya ko pAkara ke mana meM prasannatA kI anubhUti honA hai| pramoda bhAvanA IrSyA kI pratirodhI hai| vyakti ke citta meM jaba IrSyA kA bhAva jAgrata hotA hai taba usakA mAnasika santulana bhaMga ho jAtA hai| IrSyAlu vyakti kA citta dUsaroM kI pragati ko dekhakara duHkhI hotA rahatA hai| isase usakI cetanA kA samatva 164 sarvArthasiddhi 683 / 165 (ka) AvazyakasUtra adhyayana 8 (uddhRt 'jaina, bauddha aura gItA ke AcAra darzanoM kA tulanAtmaka adhyayana' bhAga 2 pR. 433 - DaoN. sAgaramala jaina) / (kha) 'mAkArSIt ko'pi pApAni, mA ca bhUt koDipa duHkhitaH / mucyatAM jagadapyeSA matimaitrI nigadyate / / 118 / / ' -yogazAstra 4 /

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jainadarzana meM samatvayoga kI sAdhanA bhI bhaMga hotA rahatA hai / ataH caitasika samatva ke lie citta kA IrSyA se mukta honA Avazyaka hai| IrSyA se mukta hone ke lie pramoda bhAvanA kI sAdhanA Avazyaka hai / yaha pramoda kI bhAvanA jahA~ hamAre vaiyaktika jIvana meM samatva kI sthApanA karatI hai, vahIM vaha sAmAjika jIvana ke saMgharSoM aura tanAvoM ko bhI kama karatI hai / 300 guNIjanoM ke prati Adara kA bhAva samAja meM sadguNoM ke prati AsthA ko bhI jAgrata karatA hai / samAja meM naitika mUlyoM kI sthApanA ke lie pramoda kI bhAvanA Avazyaka hai / jahA~ samAja meM guNIjanoM aura sadAcAriyoM kA sammAna hotA hai, vahA~ samAja meM sAmaMjasya aura sadbhAva banA rahatA hai| guNIjanoM ke guNoM ke prati Adara kA bhAva hamAre jIvana meM sadguNoM ke prati AsthA ko utpanna karatA hai aura jisa samAja meM guNIjanoM ke prati pramoda kI bhAvanA hotI hai, vaha samAja nirantara pragati karatA hai| isa prakAra pramoda kI bhAvanA bhI samatva kI sAdhanA ke lie Avazyaka hai / maitrI bhAvanA se pramoda bhAvanA kucha vizeSa guNa darzAtI hai| pramoda bhAvanA se vyakti ke citta meM viziSTa guNa sampanna vyaktiyoM ke prati Adara bhAva, utsAha, umaMga evaM AlhAda AtA hai aura unake darzana se vaha praphullita ho uThatA hai / vyakti ke citta meM jaba samatva yA samatA AtI hai, taba hI pramoda bhAvanA prasphuTita hotI hai / sarvArthasiddhi nAmaka tattvArtha sUtra kI TIkA meM pramoda bhAvanA kA svarUpa nimna prakAra se varNita hai : . 166 'vadanaprasAdibhirabhivya jyamAnAntarbhAvitarAga pramoda / / ' mukha kI prasannatA Adi ke dvArA antara meM bhAvita bhakti aura anurAga kA abhivyakta honA pramoda hai / guNIjanoM (phira ve cAhe kisI jAti, kula, deza yA sampradAya Adi ke hoM) ke prati Adara bhAva rakhanA, unheM dekhakara pramudita honA, unake guNoM kI prazaMsA evaM anumodana karanA aura unake guNoM ko AtmasAta karanA pramoda bhAvanA hai| kisI vyakti meM guNoM kA utkarSa evaM vikAsa ko dekhakara unake prati IrSyA evaM dveSa kI bhAvanA nahIM rakhanA hI pramoda hai / 166 sarvArthasiddhi 7/183 /

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samatvayoga kI vaiyaktika evaM sAmAjika sAdhanA 301 jaise bAdaloM kI garjanA aura varSA ke Agamana ko dekhakara mora piu-piu karate hue apane paMkhoM ko phailAkara nAcane lagate haiM, usI prakAra guNIjanoM dharmAtmAoM, samAja ke niSThAvAna sevakoM, samatva ke sAdhakoM, vRttibaddha zrAvakoM evaM sajjanoM ke milane para hRdaya kA gad-gad hojAnA, mana prasannatA se jhUma uThanA aura citta kA AlhAda, utsAha se bhara jAnA hI pramoda bhAvanA hai| samatvayoga kA sAdhaka sadaiva hI aisI bhAvanA rakhatA hai| AcArya amitagati ne pramoda bhAvanA kA ullekha isa prakAra kiyA hai : 'guNiSu pramodam167 vizva ke pratyeka guNI vyakti ke prati samarpaNa hI pramoda bhAvanA hai| yaha samatvayogI kA lakSaNa haiN| kaI vyakti kSamA, dayA, prema, sevA, karuNA, bandhutA, samatA Adi guNa se yukta hote haiN| unake guNoM kI prazaMsA karanA aura unake prati Adara bhAva rakhanA hI pramoda bhAvanA hai| jo vyakti vratoM yA mahAvratoM ko grahaNa kara samatvayoga kI ArAdhanA se jur3ate haiM, AtmakalyANa ke sAtha-sAtha samAja kalyANa meM bhI saMlagna rahate haiM, niSkAma bhAva se samAja evaM rASTra kI sevA karate haiM, jo rAga-dveSa evaM moha se rahita niHspRha evaM nirdvandva hote haiM, aise mahApuruSoM ke prati sammAna kA bhAva rakhate hue prasannatApUrvaka samarpita ho jAnA hI pramoda bhAvanA hai| bhagavatIArAdhanA meM pramoda bhAvanA kA lakSNa isa prakAra se milatA hai : 'muditA nAma yatiguNa cintA, yatayo hI vinItA virAgA vibhayA vimAnA vizeSA vilobhA ityaadikaa|68 saMyamI sAdhuoM ke guNoM kA vicAra karake unake prati ahobhAva utpanna honA pramoda (muditA) bhAvanA hai| saMyamI sAdhuoM meM vinamratA, vairAgyatA, nirbhayatA, nirabhimAnatA, roSa-doSa rahitatA aura nirlobhatA Adi guNa hote haiN| ataH unake guNoM ko jIvana meM utArane kA 167 (ka) amitagati / -uddhRta sAmAyikasUtra 152 / ... (kha) yogazAstra 4/116 / 168 bhagavatIArAdhanA 1661 /

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302 jainadarzana meM samatvayoga kI sAdhanA prayatna karanA caahiye| saMskRta bhASA meM eka subhASita hai - 'yad dhyAyati tad bhavati' arthAt jo vyakti jaisA cintana karatA hai, vaha usake tadrUpa bana jAtA hai| pramoda bhAvanA kI sAdhanA karane vAle kI dRSTi sadaiva guNoM kI ora rahatI hai| jo mahAn AtmAoM tathA apane Atma vikAsa meM Age bar3he hue satpuruSoM ke ujjvala aura pavitra guNoM kA cintana karatA hai, vaha vaisA hI bana jAtA hai arthAt unake anurUpa apanA jIvana banA letA hai| pramoda bhAvanA kI sAdhanA se jaba guNa grahaNa kI dRSTi vikasita hotI hai taba vyakti kisI bhI kArya meM pravRtta hote hue bhI guNIjanoM ke guNoM kA cintana karatA hai evaM una sadguNoM ke AcaraNa se apane jIvana kA vikAsa karatA hai aura agale janma meM guNa grahaNa kI bhAvanA ke kAraNa usa guNa kI pratimUrti bana jAtA hai| aise jainadarzana meM aneka udAharaNa milate haiN| jaise gajasukumAra muni kI kSamA, dharmarUci muni kI karuNA, bhagavAna mahAvIra kA ugratapa evaM kaSTasahiSNutA, zAlibhadra kI apane pUrva janma kI dAna bhAvanA Adi guNIjanoM ke prati Adara bhAva se sAdhaka kA Atmabala majabUta hotA hai aura unake anurUpa AcaraNa karane kI bhAvanA hotI hai| ___ samatvayoga kI sAdhanA meM pramoda bhAvanA ko sarvAdhika bala diyA gayA hai, pramoda bhAvanA se jIvana meM sadaiva Upara uThane kI preraNA milatI hai evaM usakI samatvayoga kI sAdhanA bhI dRr3ha hotI hai| pANDavoM meM yudhiSThira ko sarvAdhika sammAna milA hai, kyoMki ve guNagrAhI the| unhoMne mahAbhArata meM kahA hai ki satya merI mAtA hai, jJAna pitA hai, dharma bhrAtA hai, dayA mitra hai, zAnti merI patnI hai aura kSamA hI merA putra hai| ye guNa hI mere sacce bandhu haiN|66 __ jaina dharma ke prasiddha grantha guNAnurAgakulaka meM batAyA gayA hai ki jisa manuSya ke hRdaya meM uttama guNoM ke prati sammAna rahatA hai, use paramAtmA kI prApti durlabha nahIM hai| deva bhI Akara unheM namana 166 'satyaM mAtA-pitA jJAnaM, dharmoM bhrAtA dayA sakhA, zAnti patni kSamA putraH SaDete mama bA~dhavAH / / ' -mahAbhArata (uddhRta 'samatvayoga : eka samanvaya-dRSTi pR. 63 - DaoN prItama siMghavI) /

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samatvayoga kI vaiyaktika evaM sAmAjika sAdhanA 303 karatA hai| isa dharA para aise vyaktiyoM kA jIvana dhanya hai| ve kRta puNya haiN| aisI pramoda bhAvanA nirantara karanI caahiye| isa prakAra pramoda bhAvanA se hI vyakti ke cAritra kA vikAsa hotA hai aura vaha apane jIvana meM mUlabhUta lakSya samabhAva ko prApta karatA hai| 3. kAruNya bhAvanA tIsarI bhAvanA kArUNya kI hai| asahAya aura duHkhI janoM ke prati karuNA kA bhAva hamAre mAnavIya mUlyoM kA paricAyaka hai| karuNA kA pratirodhI tattva niSThuratA yA krUratA hai| krUra vyakti kA citta sadaiva udvelita banA rahatA hai| vaha dUsaroM ke ahita ke liye hI prayatnazIla hotA hai| isake viparIta karuNAzIla vyakti dUsaroM ko sahayoga dekara unake duHkhoM ko dUra to karatA hI hai, kintu isake nimitta se usake mana meM jo prasannatA aura AtmasantoSa kA bhAva hotA hai, vaha usako Atmika zAnti pradAna karatA hai| karuNA yA sevA kI bhAvanA se donoM ko hI arthAta jisakI sevA kI jA rahI hai use aura jo sevA kara rahA hai, use zAnti milatI hai| yaha zAnti vaiyaktika aura sAmAjika donoM kSetroM meM samatva kI paricAyaka hai; kyoMki tanAvoM se mukta zAnti pUrNa jIvana hI samatvayoga kI sAdhanA kA mukhya lakSya hai| jahA~ zAnti hai, vahIM samatva hai aura jahA~ samatva hai, vahIM zAnti hai| karuNA kA artha para-duHkha-kAtaratA hai| duHkhita, pIr3ita, pada-dalita aura zoSita vyakti ke prati sahAnubhUti aura sevA kI vRtti hI karuNA hai| dUsare vyakti ko duHkhI yA pIr3ita dekhakara usakA duHkha dUra karanA hI karuNA hai| dUsare zabdoM meM kaheM, to loka-maMgala kI bhAvanA hI karuNA bhAvanA hai| ise dayA yA sevA kI vRtti bhI kahate haiN| niSkAma bhAva se dUsare prANiyoM ke duHkhoM ko dUra karane kA jo sAtvika prayatna yA puruSArtha kiyA jAtA hai, use hI karuNA kahate haiN| yaha karuNA dharma kA mUla tattva hai| santa tulasIdAsajI ne kahA hai ki 'dayA dharma kA mUla hai, pApa mUla abhimaan|' dayA yA karuNA kI vRtti ke abhAva meM dharma kA koI artha nahIM raha jAtA hai| AcArya padmanandI paMcaviMzatikA meM likhate haiM

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304 jainadarzana meM samatvayoga kI sAdhanA ki paramAtmA ke upadeza se jina zrAvakoM ke citta meM karuNA rUpI amRta se paripUrNa jIvadayA prakaTa nahIM hotI hai, unake jIvana meM dharma kahA~ se ho sakatA hai| jIvadayA yA karuNA dharma rUpI vRkSa jar3a hai| vaha vratoM kA AdhAra hai - sadguNoM kI nidhi hai| isaliye vivekIjanoM ko sadaiva karuNA karanI caahiye|200 samatvayoga kA sAdhaka sadaiva yahI bhAvanA rakhatA hai ki mere jIvana meM duHkhI yA pIDita janoM ke prati sadaiva karuNA bhAva banA rhe| jainadarzana meM samatva ke lakSaNoM kI carcA karate hue spaSTa rUpa meM kahA gayA hai ki anukampA ke abhAva meM samyaktva nahIM hotA hai| dUsaroM ke duHkhoM ke nivAraNa karane kI vRtti kA vikAsa hue binA samatvayoga kI sAdhanA bhI sambhava nahIM hai| jIvana meM jaba taka karuNA, dayA yA anukampA prakaTa nahIM hotI, taba taka samyagdarzana kI upalabdhi bhI nahIM hotI aura samyagdarzana kI prApti ke binA sampUrNa dharma sAdhanA nirarthaka ho jAtI hai| samatvayoga ke sAdhaka ke liye yaha Avazyaka hai ki vaha AtmatulA ke AdhAra para dUsaroM kI pIr3A ko apanI pIr3A mAnakara use dUra karane kA prayatna kreN| dUsaroM ke duHkhoM ko dUra karane kI icchA hI karuNA hai| AcArya haribhadra ne aSTakaprakaraNa meM karuNA ko paribhASita karate hue batAyA hai ki bhayabhIta yAcaka aura dInajanoM ke prati upakAra buddhi hI karuNA kahI jAtI hai| dUsaroM kA hita yA maMgala karane kI bhAvanA hI karuNA hai|01 samatvayoga kI sAdhanA meM karuNA kA bahuta hI mahattvapUrNa sthAna hai; kyoMki samatvayoga aura karuNA donoM kA AdhAra Atmopamya kA bhAva hai| jo sAdhaka para kI pIr3A 301 200 'yeSAM jinopadezena kArUNyAmaStapUrite / citto jIvadayA nAsti, teSAM dharmaH kuto bhavet / / 37 / / ' mUlaM dharmatarorAdyA vratAnAM dhAma sampadAm / guNAnAM nidhirityaMgidayA kAryA vivekibhiH / / 38 / / ' -padmAnandi paMcaviMzatikA adhyayana 6 / (ka) 'dIneSvArteSu bhIteSu yAcamAneSu jIvitam / upakAraparA buddhiH kArUNyamabhidhIyate / / ' -AcArya haribhadra, aSTaka prakaraNa / (kha) abhidhAnarAjendrakoSa khaNDa 4 pR. 2672 / (ga) 'dIneSvArteSu bhIteSu yAcamAneSu jIvitam / pratIkAraparA buddhiH, kAruNyamabhidhIyate / / 120 / / ' -yogazAstra 4 /

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samatvayoga kI vaiyaktika evaM sAmAjika sAdhanA ko Atmatulya nahIM mAnatA hai, vaha samatvayoga kI sAdhanA nahIM kara sktaa| dUsaroM ko duHkhI yA pIr3ita dekhakara jisakI AMkhoM meM AMsU na hoM, jisake hAtha sevA ke liye tatpara na hoM, vaha samatvayogI nahIM kahA jA sakatA / karuNA yA para- duHkha - kAtaratA ke abhAva meM samatvayoga kI sAdhanA sambhava hI nahIM hai / samatvayoga kA sAdhaka loka kalyANa ke liye sadaiva tatpara rahatA hai| jaina dharma meM tIrthaMkara bhI loka kalyANa ke liye prayatna karate haiM / samatvayoga kI sAdhanA loka maMgala kI sAdhanA hI hai / jo citta dUsaroM ko pIr3ita va duHkhI dekhakara karuNA se Ardra nahIM hotA, vaha samatvayoga kI sAdhanA nahIM kara sakatA / karuNA ke vikAsa ke liye samabhAva yA Atmavat dRSTi kA vikAsa Avazyaka hai / Atmopamya kI sAdhanA ke binA karuNA kI sAdhanA sambhava nahIM hai aura Atmopamya kI sAdhanA ke liye samatva kA vikAsa Avazyaka hai / jo sabhI prANiyoM ko Atmavat samajhegA vahI dUsaroM kI sevA ke liye tatpara hogA / jaisA ki mahAbhArata meM kahA gayA hai ki jisa prakAra mujhe apane prANa abhISTa - priya haiM, vaise hI samasta prANiyoM ko bhI apane prANa priya haiN| isI kAraNa sajjana puruSa Atmopamya bhAva se prANImAtra para karuNA aura dayA karate haiM / .202 saMsAra meM sabako sarvatra sukha-zAnti, nirogatA, dhanasampannatA Adi ho; kisI ko kisI prakAra kA kaSTa na ho, aisA sambhava nahIM hai| saMsAra meM aneka prANI pIr3A, vyathA, kaSTa aura duHkha se AkrAnta dekhe jAte haiN| kisI ko pArivArika sadasyoM ke kAraNa duHkha hai, to kisI ko sAmAjika aura rAjanaitika anyAya Adi ke kAraNa duHkha hai; to koI roga, zoka, viyoga, nirdhanatA, avyavasthA Adi ke kAraNa duHkhI hai / samatAyogI sAdhaka una pIr3itoM ke duHkhoM kA sahRdayatA pUrvaka karuNArdra bhAva se nirAkaraNa karatA hai| usa samaya usakA hRdaya saMvedanAmaya bana jAtA hai evaM anukampA bhAva jAga jAtA hai / pAzcAtya vidvAna bAyarana (Byron ) ne likhA hai ki 202 'prANaH yathA'tmano'bhISTA bhUtAnAmapi te tathA / Atmaupamyena bhUteSu dayAM kurvanti sAdhavaH / / ' - mahAbhArata (uddhRt 'samatvayoga : eka samanvaya - dRSTi' pR. 100 305 -- DaoN. prItama siMghavI ) /

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306 jainadarzana meM samatvayoga kI sAdhanA 'The drying up a single tear has more of honest fame than shedding seas of gore.' rakta ko samudra meM bahAne kI apekSA pIr3ita kA eka A~sU poMchakara sukhA denA adhika sadkIrti pradAna karatA hai| __ vAstava meM karuNA eka divya guNa hai, vaha citta kA sarvotkRSTa nirmala bhAva hai| karuNA bhAvanA kA hRdaya meM jaba prAdurbhAva hotA hai, taba antara meM abhimAna, kAma, krodha, lobha, moha, mada Adi durbhAva samApta ho jAte haiN| usake hRdayarUpI darpaNa meM sabhI prANiyoM ke antasa meM virAjita paramAtmA ke darzana hote haiM aura vaha unakI sevA ko paramAtmA kI upAsanA mAnatA hai| saccI karuNA sImita nahIM hotI hai| vaha to vizvavyApI hotI hai| aisI karuNA sabhI jIvoM para barasatI hai| usake lie to sabhI Atmavat hote haiN| 'udAra caritAnAM tu vasudhaiva kuTumbakam' - samatvayogI sAdhaka ke hRdaya meM apane-parAye kA bhedabhAva nahIM hotaa| vaha udAra hRdaya se sabhI prANiyoM ke duHkha ko dUra karane kA prayatna karatA hai| sahAnubhUti ko karuNA kI bahana ke rUpa meM svIkAra kiyA gayA hai| isameM saMvedanA, dayA, prema, karuNA Adi bhAva samAhita rahate haiN| ina bhAvoM ke sahAre hI samatvayoga kI sAdhanA kI jA sakatI hai| sahAnubhUti aura karuNA meM aise guNa haiM jo manuSya ko devatva taka hI nahIM, paramAtmapada taka pahu~cAne meM bhI samartha haiN| sahAnubhUti aura karuNA kI uSmA patthara-hRdaya ko bhI pighalAkara moma banA detI hai| usakI zAnta, zItala aura manoraMjaka lahareM duHkhI AtmAoM meM prasannatA aura navajIvana kA saMcAra kara detI haiN| prasiddha pAzcAtya vidvAna bAlajAka ne kahA hai ki sahAnubhUti se yukta vyakti garIboM aura pIr3itoM ke prati samarpita hotA hai| dIna-duHkhI vyaktiyoM ko dekhakara vaha unakI pIr3A ko dUra karane kA prayatna karatA hai| sahAnubhUti yA karuNA ke vikAsa ke sAtha anya cAra sadguNoM kA bhI vikAsa hotA hai : 1. dayAbhAva; 2. bhadratA; 3. udAratA; aura 4. arntdRsstti| sahAnubhUti yA karuNA aura sevAbhAva ke mAdhyama se dUsaroM ke duHkha aura unakI pIr3A ko samApta karanA sAmAjika sauhArdra aura

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samatvayoga kI vaiyaktika evaM sAmAjika sAdhanA 307 sAmaMjasya ke liye Avazyaka hai| 4. mAdhyastha bhAvanA caturtha bhAvanA mAdhyastha bhAvanA hai| virodhiyoM ke prati upekSA kI vRtti mAdhyastha bhAvanA kahI jAtI hai|03 saMsAra meM yaha sambhava nahIM hai ki vyakti kA koI Alocaka yA virodhI na ho| dUsaroM ke dvArA kiye jAne vAle virodha evaM AlocanA se sAmAnya vyakti kA citta udvelita hotA hai| vaira-virodha kI bhAvanA - jo virodha karatA hai aura jisakA virodha kiyA jAtA hai - donoM ke hI citta ko udvelita karatI hai| isa prakAra vairabhAva citta ke tanAva kA kAraNa hai| vaira-virodha kA abhAva tabhI sambhava hai jaba sAdhaka virodhI ke prati upekSA kA bhAva rakhe aura usake nimitta se apane citta ko udvelita na hone de| yadi hamArA citta zAnta rahatA hai, to virodhI pratipakSI bhI eka sImA ke bAhara apanI parAjaya ko svIkAra kara letA hai| virodha evaM AlocanA ke prati pratikAra kI vRtti saMgharSoM ko janma detI hai aura saMgharSa vaiyaktika aura sAmAjika donoM hI zAnti ko bhaMga karate haiN| vaira-virodha ko Age nahIM bar3hane dene ke liye mAdhyastha bhAvanA Avazyaka hai| mAdhyastha bhAvanA kA artha dUsare ke dvArA kI gaI pratikriyAoM se apane citta ko udvelita nahIM hone denA hai| jaba taka vyakti kA citta udvelita rahatA hai, taba taka samatvayoga kI sAdhanA sambhava nahIM ho sktii| samatvayoga kI sAdhanA ke liye yaha Avazyaka hai ki vyakti anukUlatA aura pratikalatA kI paristhiti meM avicalita rhe| mAdhyastha kA tAtparya yaha hai ki rAga aura dveSa donoM kA abhaav| jisa prakAra tarAjU svabhAva se sama rahatI haiM, kintu usake kisI bhI eka palar3e meM bhAra DAlane para usakA santulana yA samatva bhaMga ho jAtA hai, usI prakAra se citta meM rAga-dveSa kI vRtti jAgane para citta kA santulana bhaMga ho jAtA hai| mAdhyastha bhAvanA kA mukhya prayojana usa santulana ko banAye rakhanA hai| vizva ke pratyeka prANI ke prati samabhAva rakhanA hI mAdhyastha bhAvanA hai| saMsAra kI sabhI paristhitiyA~ yA saMsAra kA pratyeka vyakti hamAre anukUla ho, yaha sambhava nahIM hai| virodhI yA 203 abhidhAnarAjendrakoSa khaNDa 4 pR. 2672 /

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308 jainadarzana meM samatvayoga kI sAdhanA vidveSI vyakti ke prati bhI durbhAva nahIM rakhanA hI mAdhyastha bhAvanA hai| AcArya amitagati kahate haiM ki 'he prabhu! virodhiyoM ke prati bhI mere hRdaya meM kisI prakAra kA dveSa, upekSA yA ghRNA kI utpatti na ho - maiM mAdhyastha banA rhuuN|' AcArya malayagiri ne madhyastha kA artha karate hue kahA hai ki :204 'madhyasthaH samaH ya AtmAnamiva paraM pazyati' mAdhyastha kA artha sama hai, rAga-dveSa se rahita vaha apanI AtmA ke samAna hI dUsaroM ko dekhatA hai| udAsInatA kA bhAva yA kriyA mAdhyastha hai| rAga-dveSa se sarvathA taTastha rahanA sama hai| samatva prApti kI kriyA sAmAyika hai| dIrghadRSTi se vicAra kareM to sAmyabhAva aura mAdhyastha bhAva meM koI adhika antara nahIM hai| yadi mAdhyastha bhAva rUpI jala na ho, to samatA sUkhI nadI ke samAna pratIta hotI hai| AcArya amitagati ne bhI isakA ullekha kiyA hai :205 __'mAdhyastha bhAvaM viparItavRttau, sadA mamAtmA viddhAtu deva' he jinendra deva! viparIta AcaraNa karane vAle pApI, duSTa aura zatruvRtti vAle ke prati bhI merI AtmA sadA mAdhyastha bhAva dhAraNa kre| mAdhyastha bhAvanA aura samatvayoga donoM eka dUsare se abhinna haiN| antara mAtra itanA hai ki mAdhyasthabhAva kAraNa hai aura samatA kArya hai| mAdhyastha bhAvanA ke kAraNa hI samatva sArthaka hotA hai| AcAryoM ne mAdhyastha, samatA, upekSA, vairAgya, sAmya, aspRhatA, vItarAgatA Adi ko ekArthavAcaka mAnA hai| tattvArtharAjavArtika aura sarvArthasiddhi meM mAdhyastha kA lakSaNa isa prakAra kiyA gayA hai ki kisI ke prati rAga-dveSa pUrvaka pakSapAta na karanA mAdhyastha bhAvanA hai|06 jo vyakti Ter3he-mer3he calate haiM - dUsaroM ko badanAma karane kI 204 malayagirI -uddhRta 'samatvayoga : eka samanvaya-dRSTi' pR. 107 -DaoN. prItama siMghavI / 205 amitagati 206 'rAga-dveSapUrvakapakSapAtAbhAvo mAdhyastham / / 683 / / ' -tattvArtharAjavArtikA, sarvArthasiddhi / -vahI /

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samatvayoga kI vaiyaktika evaM sAmAjika sAdhanA 306 ceSTA karate haiM, unake prati durbhAvanA, dveSa yA vairabhAva rakhate hai, unakI nindA ghRNA Adi karate haiM, aise logoM ke prati bhI rAga-dveSa se Upara uThakara mAdhyastha bhAvanA yA samatva kI bhAvanA hI rakhanA zreyaskara hai| vyavahArasUtra kI TIkA meM mAdhyastha kA artha isa prakAra kiyA gayA hai :207 'madhye rAga-dveSayontarAle tiSThatIti madhyasthaH srvtraaraagdvisstte|' jo rAga aura dveSa ke madhya meM rahatA hai, vaha madhyastha hai, arthAt vaha sarvatra rAga-dveSa se alipta rahatA hai| AvazyakasUtra meM samasta prANiyoM para samacitta ko mAdhyastha kahA hai : 'atyutkaTarAga-dveSAvikalatayA samacetaso mdhysthaaH| 208 jo atyanta utkRSTa rAga-dveSa se rahita hokara samacitta rahate haiM, ve mAdhyastha haiN| jo apane se dveSa rakhate haiM, doSadarzI haiM, virodhI haiM, asahamata haiM, una para bhI dveSa na rakhanA, upekSA bhAva yA udAsInatA yA taTasthatA rakhanA mAdhyastha bhAvanA hai| mAdhyastha kA artha maunazIla bhI kiyA gayA hai|06 eka samabhAvI vyakti hai, vaha dUsare ke doSoM ko pUchane para bolatA nahIM, mauna dhAraNa zreyaskara samajhatA hai aura citta kA santulana banAye rakhatA hai| samatAyogI sAdhaka kI parIkSA pratikUlatA meM hI hotI hai| usake samakSa durjana, duSTa, virodhI yA dveSI hote hue bhI vaha apane samatvayoga ko nahIM chor3atA, usake prati vaira, virodha yA dveSa kI bhAvanA nahIM rakhatA, apitu mAdhyastha bhAvanA meM taTastha rahatA hai| AcArya haribhadrasUri ne batAyA hai ki mAdhyastha kA kArya rAga-dveSa rahita hokara haMsa kI taraha nIra-kSIra kA viveka rakhanA hai|210 206 207 vyavahArasUtra TIkA / -uddhRt 'samatvayoga : eka samanvaya-dRSTi' pR.108 -DaoN. prItama siMghavI / 208 AvazyakasUtra / -vahI / 'madhyastho maunazIlaH svapratItAnapi kasyApi doSAna / gRhaNAti, tadagrahaNAddhi prabhUtalokavirodhitayA dharmakSati-sambhavAt / / -uddhRta 'samatvayoga : eka samanvaya-dRSTi' pR. 108 DaoN. prItama siMghavI / 210 'svasva karma kRtavezaH svasva karma bhujo narAH / na rAgaM, nApi ca dveSaM, madhyasthyasteSu gacchati / / 124 / / ' -jJAnasAra /

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310 jainadarzana meM samatvayoga kI sAdhanA bhagavAna mahAvIra ne eka jIvana sUtra diyA ki ghRNA yA dveSa pApa se karo, pApI se nhiiN| Aja kA burA, patita, pApI aura duSTa kala bhalA bana sakatA hai| isake agaNita udAharaNa itihAsa ke pRSThoM para aMkita hai| vaMkacUla, arjunamAlI, cilAtIputra, rohaNiyAM cora Adi jaina itihAsa ke tathA aMgulImAla, AmrapAlI Adi bauddha itihAsa ke tathA ajAmila, vAlmIki, bilvamaMgala Adi vaidika itihAsa ke udAharaNa prasiddha haiN| inakI jIvana kI pUrva bhUmikA jitanI nikRSTa, bhayaMkara aura nindanIya thI, utanI hI uttara bhUmikA abhinandanIya aura vandanIya bana gii| manuSya kI AtmA paramAtmA hai, isI kAraNa vaha mUlataH pavitra hai| ataH dUsaroM yA virodhiyoM ke prati bhI durbhAva yA daurmanasya nahIM rakhanA hI mAdhyastha bhAvanA hai| 4.12 samatvayoga aura dhyAna sAdhanA - jainadarzana ke anusAra samatva aura dhyAna eka dUsare ke paryAyavAcI hI kahe jAte haiN| samatva kI sAdhanA ke binA dhyAna kI sAdhanA sambhava nahIM hai| kyoMki caMcala mana meM uThate hue vikalpoM ke kAraNa caitasika AkulatA yA azAnti bar3ha jAtI hai| yaha AkulatA hI cetanA meM udvignatA yA tanAva ko upasthita karatI hai| citta kI yaha udvigna yA tanAvapUrNa sthiti hI asamAdhi yA duHkha kA kAraNa banatI hai| ina caitasika tanAvoM yA vikSobhoM ko samApta karane ke lie athavA nirvikalpa aura zAnta citta kI upalabdhi ke lie dhyAna sAdhanA kI AvazyakatA hai| dhyAna sAdhanA dvArA hI vyakti vibhAva dazA se svabhAva dazA ko prApta hotA hai| jainAcAryoM ne dhyAna ko sAdhanA kA zIrSa mAnA hai| jisa prakAra zIrSa yA mastiSka ke niSkriya ho jAne para mAnava jIvana kA koI artha nahIM raha jAtA hai, usI prakAra dhyAna ke abhAva meM jainasAdhanA kA koI artha nahIM raha jAtA hai| DaoN. sAgaramala jaina ne apane jaina vidyA ke vividha AyAma meM batAyA hai ki koI bhI vyakti tanAva yA udvignatA kI sthiti meM jInA nahIM caahtaa| udvignatA cetanA kI vibhAvadazA hai| vibhAvadazA se svabhAva meM lauTane kA prayatna hI dhyAna hai| isI sAdhanA se nirvikAra aura nirvikalpa samatAyukta citta kI upalabdhi hotI hai aura ise hI samAdhi yA sAmAyika kahA gayA hai|

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samatvayoga kI vaiyaktika evaM sAmAjika sAdhanA .211 dhyAna isI samAdhi yA nirvikalpa citta kI upalabdhi kA abhyAsa hai / yahI kAraNa hai ki ve sAdhanA paddhatiyA~, jo vyakti ke citta ko nirAkula, nirvikAra aura nirvikalpa yA dUsare zabdoM meM samatvayukta banAnA cAhatI haiM, dhyAna ko apanI sAdhanA meM avazya sthAna detI haiM / 2" yogazAstra meM batAyA gayA hai ki samatvarupI dhyAna se yogI puruSa kaSAyarupI agni zAnta karake samyaktvarupI dIpaka ko prakaTa karate haiN| Age batAte haiM ki samatva kI sAdhanA ke Alambana binA dhyAna kI prakriyA sambhava nahIM hai / 212 karmoM ke kSaya se mokSa hotA hai / karmakSaya AtmajJAna se hotA hai aura AtmajJAna dhyAna se hotA hai / isIlie dhyAna AtmA ke lie hitakArI mAnA gayA hai / I .213 214 jainAcAryoM ne bhI dhyAna ko cittavRtti nirodha kahA hai| citta kA nirodha ho jAnA dhyAna hai / jaba dhyAna siddha ho jAtA hai, to citta kI caMcalatA svataH hI samApta ho jAtI hai / yogadarzana meM yoga ko, paribhASita karate hue bhI kahA gayA hai ki cittavRttiyoM kA nirodha dhyAna se hI sambhava hai / ataH dhyAna ko sAdhanA kA Avazyaka aMga mAnA gayA hai 1 dhyAna meM sarvaprathama daur3ate hue mana ko saMkalpa - vikalpa yA vAsanAoM se mor3akara dharma-cintana meM lagAyA jAtA hai| dhyAna isa caitasika vighaTana ko samApta kara cetanA ko kendrita karatA hai / jaba cittadhArA vAsanAoM, AkAMkSAoM evaM icchAoM ke mArga se bahatI hai, taba citta meM udvignatA utpanna karatI hai| dhyAna ke dvArA hama unheM mor3ane kA prayAsa karate haiM / cittavRttiyoM kI nirarthaka bhAgadaur3a ko samApta karane ke lie dhyAna-sAdhanA Avazyaka hai| dhyAna samatva kI mahattvapUrNa auSadhI hai / 211 'jaina vidyA ke vividha AyAma' | 212 (ka) 'viSayebhyo viraktAnAM sAmyavAsitacetasAm / upazAmyet kaSAyAgnirbodhidIpaH samunmiSet / / 111 / / ' (kha) 'samatvamavalamvyAtha, dhyAnaM yogI samAzrayet / vinA samatvamArabdhe, dhyAne svAtmA viDambayate / / 112 / / ' 213 'mokSaH karmakSayAdeva, sa cAtmajJAnato bhavet / dhyAnasAdhyaM mataM tacca, taddhyAnaM hitamAtmanaH / / 113 / / ' tattvArthasUtra vivecana 6/27 / 311 214 - DaoN sAgaramala jaina / - yogazAstra 4 / -vahI / -vahI | - sukhalAlajI ( pArzvanAtha zodha saMsthAna vArANasI 1676) /

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312 jainadarzana meM samatvayoga kI sAdhanA _ jaina dharma meM dhyAna kI paramparA prAgetihAsika kAla se calI A rahI hai| AcArAMgasUtra, uttarAdhyayanasUtra Adi AgamoM meM dhyAna sAdhanA sambandhI aneka sandarbha upalabdha hote haiN|215 tattvArthasUtra ke anusAra ekAgra cintana aura zarIra, vANI aura mana kA nirodha dhyAna hai|216 dhyAnazataka meM sthira adhyavasAya ko dhyAna kahA gayA hai|217 Avazyakaniyukti meM zarIra, vANI aura mana kI ekAgra pravRtti ko dhyAna kahA gayA hai| jainasiddhAntadIpikA meM kahA gayA hai ki 'ekAgre manaH sannivezanaM yoga nirodho vA dhyAnam' - mana vacana aura kAya ke nirodha ko dhyAna kahA gayA hai| yogasUtra meM batAyA hai ki jisa dhyeya mAtra kI eka hI prakAra kI vRtti kA pravAha calanA, usake viparIta pravRtti na honA dhyAna hai|220 / dhyAnazataka meM dhyAna se hone vAle pAramparika evaM vyavahArika lAbhoM kI vistRta carcA hai| usameM kahA gayA haiM ki dharma-dhyAna se zubhAnava, saMvara, nirjarA aura devaloka ke sukha prApta hote haiN| zukladhyAna ke bhI prathama do caraNoM kA pariNAma zubhAnava evaM anuttara devaloka ke sukha haiN| usake ke antima do caraNoM kA phala mokSa yA nirvANa hai| jaba taka dhyAna meM vikalpa hai yA AkAMkSA hai, cAhe vaha prazasta bhI kyoM na ho; taba taka vaha zubhAnava kA kAraNa to hogaa| phira bhI yaha zubhAnava mithyAtva ke abhAva ke kAraNa saMsAra kI abhivRddhi kA kAraNa nahIM banatA hai|" jisa prakAra malina vastra jala se svaccha kiye jAte haiM, usI prakAra AtmA ke karmarUpI mala ko dhyAna rUpI jala se nirmala banAyA jAtA hai|222 jisakA citta dhyAna meM saMlagna hotA hai, vaha tattvArthasUtra 6 / 218 215 AcArAMgasUtra 1/6/1/6 / 216 'kAyAvAGmanaH karma yogaH / / 1 / / ' dhyAnazataka 2 / Avazyakaniyukti 1456 / 'jaina siddhAnta dIpikA' / 220 dekheM 'jaina vidyA ke vividha AyAma' pR. 469-70 / dhyAnazataka 63-66 / dhyAnazataka 66-100 / 216

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samatvayoga kI vaiyaktika evaM sAmAjika sAdhanA 313 krodhAdi kaSAyoM se utpanna hone vAle IrSyA, viSAda Adi mAnasika duHkhoM se pIr3ita nahIM hotA hai| dhyAna mAnasika tanAvoM se mukti kA anyatama sAdhana hai| ___ vastutaH dhyAna-sAdhanA vaha kalA hai, jo na kevala citta kI nirarthaka bhAga-daur3a ko niyantrita karatI hai, apitu vAcika aura kAyika gatividhiyoM ko bhI niyaMtrita kara vyakti ko apane Apa se joDa detI hai| taba hameM aisA mahasUsa hotA hai ki hamArA astittva caitasika aura daihika gatividhiyoM se bhI Upara hai aura hama unake kevala sAkSI hI nahIM apitu niyAmaka bhI haiN| dhyAna vaha vidhi hai jisake dvArA hama AtmasAkSAtkAra karate haiN| dhyAna jIvana meM hameM jina kA yA AtmA meM paramAtmA kA darzana karAtA hai| __sabhI sAdhanA paddhatiyoM meM dhyAna kA sarvopari mahattva rahA hai| dhyAna hamArI cetanA kI hI avasthA hai| dhyAna ke binA koI bhI vyakti apane AdhyAtmika sAdhya taka nahIM pahuMca sakatA hai| jaina, bauddha, yoga Adi sabhI darzanoM meM dhyAna ko mahattva diyA gayA hai| dhyAna se hI Atma-anAtma kA viveka yA sva-para kA bhedajJAna hotA hai| kartA-bhoktA bhAva ke vikalpa kSINa hone lagate haiN| eka nirvikalpa AtmadazA kI anubhUti hotI hai| dUsare zabdoM meM mana ke saMkalpa-vikalpa samApta ho jAte haiN| cetanA kI sabhI vikalatAe~ bhI samApta ho jAtI haiN| isa prakAra AkAMkSAoM, vAsanAoM, saMkalpa-vikalpoM evaM tanAvoM se mukta hone para eka nirapekSa Ananda kI upalabdhi hotI hai| AtmA apane cidAnanda svarUpa meM lIna rahatI hai| isa prakAra dhyAna AtmA ko paramAtmA yA zuddhAtmA se jor3atA hai| ataH vaha Atma-sAkSAtkAra yA paramAtmA ke darzana kI eka kalA hai| dhyAna tabhI siddha hotA hai, jaba hama zarIra se sthira bana kara, vANI se mauna hokara aura mana ko ekAgra banA kara, mamatva buddhi kA parityAga kara, kAyika-vAcika aura mAnasika kriyAoM para pUrNa niyantraNa kreN| yahI dhyAna mukti yA nirvANa kI prApti meM sahAyaka hotA hai| jaina paramparA meM bAraha tapa ke bhedoM meM se dhyAna Antarika tapa kA eka prakAra hai| isI tapa ko Atmavizuddhi kA kAraNa mAnA gayA hai| uttarAdhyayanasUtra meM kahA gayA hai ki AtmA tapa se parizuddha

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314 jainadarzana meM samatvayoga kI sAdhanA hotI hai|223 samyagjJAna se vastu svarUpa kA yathArtha bodha hotA hai| samyagdarzana se tattva zraddhA utpanna hotI hai| samyakcAritra se Anava kA nirodha hotA hai| kintu ina tInoM se mukti sambhava nahIM hotii| mukti kA antima kAraNa to nirjarA hI hai| sampUrNa karmoM kI nirjarA ho jAnA hI mukti hai aura karmoM kI nirjarA tapa se hotI hai| dhyAna eka prakAra kA utkRSTa tapa hai, jo Atmazuddhi kA antima kAraNa hai| ___dhyAna jaba apanI pUrNatA para pahu~catA hai, to vyakti samAdhimaya bana jAtA hai| dhyAna kI isa nirvikalpa dazA ko na kevala jainadarzana ne hI svIkAra kiyA, apitu sabhI dharmoM ne svIkAra kiyA hai| ___sarvArthasiddhi aura tattvArthavArtika meM samAdhi ke svarUpa ko spaSTa karate hue kahA gayA hai ki jisa prakAra koSTAgAra meM lagI huI Aga ko zAnta karanA Avazyaka hai, usI prakAra munijIvana ke zIlavratoM meM lagI huI vAsanA yA AkAMkSA rUpI agni kA prazamana karanA Avazyaka hai| yahI samAdhi hai| dhavalA meM AcArya vIrasena ne jJAna, darzana aura cAritra meM samyak avasthiti ko hI samAdhi kahA hai| vastutaH cittavRtti kA udvelita honA hI asamAdhi hai| dhyAna citta kI niSkampa avasthA yA samatvapUrNa sthiti hai| ataH dhyAna aura samAdhi samAnArthaka hai| phira bhI dhyAna samAdhi kA sAdhana hai aura samAdhi sAdhya hai|224 yogadarzana ke aSTAMga yoga meM samAdhi ke pUrva caraNa ko dhyAna svIkAra kiyA hai| dhyAna jaba siddha hotA hai tabhI vaha samAdhi banatA hai| vastutaH donoM eka hI haiN|225 dhyAna kI pUrNatA samAdhi meM hai| yadyapi dono meM hI cittavRtti kI niSkampatA yA samatva kI sthiti Avazyaka hai| eka meM samatva kA abhyAsa hotA hai aura dUsare meM vaha avasthA sahaja hotI hai| __ vastutaH jahA~ citta kI caMcalatA samApta hotI hai, vahIM sAdhanA kI pUrNatA hai aura vahI pUrNatA dhyAna hai| dhyAna zabda kA sAmAnya artha cetanA kA kisI eka bindu para 223 'nANeNa jANaI bhAve, daMsaNeNa ya saddahe / __caritteNa nigiNhAi, taveNa parisujjhaI / / 35 / / ' 224 tattvArthavArtika 6/24/8 / 225 yogaH samAdhi 6/1/12 / -uttarAdhyayanasUtra adhyayana 28 /

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samatvayoga kI vaiyaktika evaM sAmAjika sAdhanA kendrita honA hai| 226 cetanA jisa viSaya para kendrita hotI hai, usase prazasta yA aprazasta dono hI dhyAna ho sakate haiM / aprazasta dhyAna ke do svarUpa mAne gaye hai : 1. Arta; aura prazasta dhyAna ke bhI do rUpa mAne 1. dharma; aura 2. raudra / gaye haiM : 2. zukla / 227 jaba cetanA kisI vastu ko prApta karane ke lie usameM rAga yA Asakti vaza DUba jAtI hai aura yadi vaha vastu prApta nahIM hotI, to usakI cintA meM citta kA DUbanA hI ArtadhyAna hai / jaba kisI upalabdha vastu kA viyoga hotA hai, to use bAra bAra smaraNa yA usakI cintA karanA raudra dhyAna hai / 228 isa prakAra ArtadhyAna rAgamUlaka hotA hai aura raudradhyAna dveSamUlaka / ye donoM dhyAna saMsArajanaka haiM evaM rAga- - dveSa ke nimitta utpanna hone ke kAraNa aprazasta mAne gaye haiM / inake viparIta dharmadhyAna aura zukladhyAna prazasta mAne gaye haiM / sva-para ke lie kalyANakArI viSayoM para cittavRtti kA sthira honA dharmadhyAna hai / yaha loka maMgala aura Atma vizuddhi kA sAdhaka hotA hai| ina donoM dhyAnoM se cittavRtti zubha-azubha bhAvoM se Upara uTha jAtI hai| inase AtmA nirmala, nizcala aura nirvikalpa avasthA ko prApta kara letI hai / dhyAnastava meM cittavRtti kA sthira honA arthAt mana kI ekAgratA ko prApta honA hI dhyAna kahA gayA hai| isake viparIta jo mana vicArazIla hotA hai, use bhAvanA, anuprekSA athavA cintA kahA jAtA hai| 226 tattvArthasUtra meM dhyAna ko paribhASita karate hue kahA gayA hai ki aneka arthoM ko Alambana dene vAlI cintA kA nirodha dhyAna hai / 230 dUsare zabdoM meM citta ko anya viSayoM se haTAkara kisI eka 228 226 230 226 'uttamasaMhananasyaikAgraciMtA nirodho dhyAnam / / 27 / / ' - tattvArthasUtra paM. sukhalAlajI vArANasI 1676 / 227 'ArtamamanojJAnAM samprayoge tadviprayogAya smRtisamanvAhAraH / / 31 / / ' - tattvArthasUtra 6 ( paM. sukhalAla saMghavI ) / 315 tattvArthasUtra 6 / 36 (paM. sukhalAla saMghavI ) / dhyAnastava 2 ( jinabhadra pra. vIra mundira ) / 'uttamasaMhananasyaikAgracintAnirodho dhyAnam / / 27 / / ' - tattvArtha sUtra 6 ( paM. sukhalAla saMghavI 1676 ) |

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316 jainadarzana meM samatvayoga kI sAdhanA vastu para kendrita karanA dhyAna hai| yadyapi bhagavatIArAdhanA meM eka ora cintA nirodha se utpanna ekAgratA ko dhyAna kahA gayA hai, to dUsarI ora rAga-dveSa aura mithyAtva se rahita hokara vastu kI yathArthatA kA bodha hone ko dhyAna batAyA hai|23' AcArya kundakunda paMcAstikAya meM dhyAna ko spaSTa karate hue kahate haiM ki darzana aura jJAna se paripUrNa anya dravya ke saMsarga se rahita cetanA kI jo avasthA hai, vaha dhyAna hai|232 / __ jaina dArzanikoM kI dRSTi meM prAthamika stara para dhyAna ke lie kisI dhyeya yA Alambana kA honA Avazyaka hai, kyoMki binA Alambana ke citta kI vRttiyoM ko kendrita karanA sambhava nahIM hotA hai| hamArA dhyAna rAga kI ora na hokara virAga kI ora honA caahie| citta ke vikSobhoM ko dUra karake samAdhilAbha yA samatAbhAva ko prApta karanA prazasta dhyAna hai| jaina dArzanikoM ne dhyAna ke Alambana ke rUpa meM vItarAga paramAtmA ko dhyeya ke rUpa meM svIkAra kiyA hai|233 cAhe dhyAna padastha ho yA piNDastha, rUpastha ho yA rUpAtIta, dhyeya to paramAtmA hI haiN| jaina dharma meM AtmA aura paramAtmA bhinna nahIM haiN| AtmA kI zuddha dazA hI paramAtmA hai|234 isalie jainadarzana meM dhyAtA aura dhyeya abhinna haiN| sAdhaka AtmA dhyAna sAdhanA meM apane hI zuddha svarUpa ko dhyeya banAtI hai| AtmA, AtmA ke dvArA AtmA kA hI dhyAna karatI hai|235 jisa paramAtmasvarUpa ko dhyAtA dhyeya ke rUpa meM svIkAra karatA hai, vaha usakA apanA hI zuddha svarUpa hai|36 vastutaH cAhe sAdhu ho yA gRhastha, dharmadhyAna sambhava hone ke lie usakA nirlipta honA Avazyaka hai| dUsarI ora muni veza meM hone 151 bhagavatIArAdhanA - dhyAnazataka prastAvanA pR. 26 / 232 'daMsaNaNANasamaggaM jhANaM No aNNadabasaMjuttaM / jAyadi NijjarahedU sabhAvasahidassa sAdhussa / / 152 / / ' -paMcAstikAya / 233 (ka) jJAnArNava 32/64 evaM 36/1-8 (kha) mokkhapAhuDa 16/20 / 234 'appAso paramappA / / 160 / / ' -uddhRt sAmAyikasUtra / 235 tattvAnusAsana (siddhasenagaNi prakAzana, sUrata 1630) / * mokkhapAhuDa aSTaprAbhRta 32 / -kundakunda (zrImadrAjacandra Azrama, AgarA 1666) /

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samatvayoga kI vaiyaktika evaM sAmAjika sAdhanA 317 para bhI Asakta, dambhI aura AkAMkSI hone se usake lie dharmadhyAna asambhava hotA hai| dhyAna kI sambhAvanA veza se sAdhu yA gRhastha hone para nahI; vaha vyakti ke citta kI nirAkulatA yA anAsakti para nirbhara hotI hai| jisakA citta anAsakta yA nirAkula hai, phira cAhe vaha muni ho yA gRhastha, isase koI antara nahIM hotaa| dhyAna kA adhikArI vahI hai, jisakA citta AkAMkSA-rahita, nirAkula aura anudvigna ho| citta jitanA vizuddha hogA, dhyAna utanA hI sthira hogaa| prAcIna AgamoM sthAnAMgasUtra, samavAyAMga, bhagavatIsUtra tathA jhANAjjhayaNa (dhyAnazataka) aura tatvArthasUtra meM dhyAna ke cAra vibhAga kiye gae hai| kintu unameM kahIM bhI dhyAna ke piNDastha, padastha, rUpastha aura rUpAtIta - ina cAra prakAroM kI carcA nahIM hai; jabaki paravartI sAhitya meM inakI vistRta carcA milatI hai| sarvaprathama inakA varNana yogindudeva ke yogasAra aura devasena ke bhAvasaMgraha meM kiyA gayA hai|237 mani padmasiMha ne jJAnasAra meM arhanta ke sandarbha meM dharmadhyAna ke antargat piNDastha, padastha aura rUpastha dhyAna kI carcA kI hai|238 TIkAkAra brahmadeva ne batAyA hai ki jo dhyAna maMtra vAkyoM ke dvArA hotA hai, vaha padastha hai; jisa dhyAna meM 'sva' yA AtmA kA cintana hotA hai, vaha piNDastha hai; jisameM cetana-svarUpa kA vicAra kiyA jAtA hai, vaha rUpastha hai tathA niraMjana va nirAkAra kA dhyAna hI rUpAtIta hai|36 amitagati ne zrAvakAcAra meM ina cAra dhyAnoM 237 (ka) sthAnAMgasUtra 4/146 / (kha) samavAyAMgasUtra 4 / (ga) bhagavatIsUtra 25/7 / (gha) dhyAnazataka 2 / (ca) tattvArthasUtra 6/28 / (cha) yogasAra 68 / -yogindudeva (bambaI 1637) / 238 jJAnasAra padmasiMha TIkA 18/28 (trilokacandra, sUrata samvat 2420) / 236 (ka) padastha maMtravAkya gAthA 48 / (kha) yogapradIpa 138 /

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318 jainadarzana meM samatvayoga kI sAdhanA kA vistAra se ullekha kiyA hai|90 isa prakAra sAdhaka kA lakSya dhyAna meM citta ko ekAgra banAkara tathA samatva kI sAdhanA ko saphala banAkara mokSa maMjila ko upalabdha karanA hai| / / caturtha adhyAya samApta / / * zrAvakAcAra (amitagati) pariccheda 15 /

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adhyAya 5 samatvayoga kA tulanAtmaka adhyayana 5.1 upaniSadoM meM samatvayoga ___bhAratIya darzana meM adhyAtmavAda kA pratipAdana karane vAle granthoM meM prAcInatama upaniSad mAne gaye haiN| upaniSadoM meM IzAvAsyopaniSad prAcInatama hai| isa upaniSad ke prArambha meM hI samatvayoga kI sAdhanA kA sundara nirdeza upalabdha hotA hai| usameM kahA gayA hai ki yaha samasta vizva Izvara meM adhiSThita hai| vaizvika sampadA para kisI bhI vyakti vizeSa kA svAmitva nahIM hai| ataH vyakti ko tyAgapUrvaka bhoga karanA caahie|' IzAvAsyopaniSad ke isa prathama zloka meM hI samatvayoga kA sAra samAyA huA hai| samatvayoga kA sAra yahI hai ki vyakti saMsAra meM anAsakta bhAva se jiye aura IzAvAsyopaniSad tyAgapUrvaka bhoga kA sandeza dekara usI anAsakti kA pratipAdana karatA hai| vyakti kI cetanA meM jo bhI vaiSamya yA tanAva utpanna hotA hai, usakA kAraNa rAga yA AsaktiM hI hai| rAga yA Asakti toDane ke lie IzAvAsyopaniSad meM yaha kahA gayA hai ki tyAgapUrvaka bhoga karo kyoMki yaha dhana yA sampadA kisI kI nahIM hai| isameM Asakti mata rkho| anyatra isI upaniSad meM samatvayoga kI zikSA dete hue yaha kahA gayA hai ki jo sabhI prANiyoM ko apane meM aura apane ko sabhI prANiyoM meM dekhatA hai arthAt sabhI ko Atmavat dekhatA hai; aise samatvayogI ko moha aura kSobha nahIM hotaa| sabhI prANiyoM ke prati Atmavat dRSTi samatvayoga kA mUla AdhAra hai aura prastuta upaniSad bhI isI tathya ko prastuta karatA hai| ' IzAvAsyopaniSada 1 / vahI 6 /

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320 jainadarzana meM samatvayoga kI sAdhanA IzAvAsyopaniSad meM jisa samatvayoga kA pratipAdana hai, vaha vastutaH samanvayAtmaka dRSTi kA paricAyaka hai| isa upaniSad meM gItA ke samAna hI anAsakta bhAva se jIvana jIne kA nirdeza kiyA gayA hai| mAtra itanA hI nahI, prastuta upaniSad vyakti aura samAjavidyA arthAt adhyAtmavidyA aura avidyA arthAt bhautika vidyA ke bIca samanvaya karake santulita jIvana kA pratipAdana karatA hai| isase yaha siddha hotA hai ki prastuta upaniSad kA mUlabhUta dRSTikoNa samatvayoga hI hai| upaniSadoM kA mUlabhUta dRSTikoNa AdhyAtmika hai| vyakti ke vikSobhoM aura tanAvoM ke kAraNa bhautikavAdI yA padArthonmukha jIvana dRSTi hotI hai; kyoMki rAga-dveSa caittasika asantulana evaM vikSobhoM ko janma dete haiN| inakA mUla kAraNa anAtma meM Atma buddhi hai| aupaniSadika cintaka yaha svIkAra karate haiM ki hamArI indriyA~ bahirmukha haiN| ve bAhara hI dekhatI haiN| antarAtmA ko nahIM dekha pAtI haiN| yaha bahirmukha dRSTi hI duHkha yA tanAvoM kA kAraNa banatI hai| isalie upaniSadoM meM bAra-bAra yaha kahA gayA hai ki vyakti bahirmukhatA kA tyAga karake antarmukhI bne| kaThopaniSad meM Age kahA gayA hai ki Atma-tattva kA sAkSAtkAra satya, tapa, samyagjJAna va brahmacarya se hotA hai| inakI sAdhanA ke dvArA hI yatigaNa isa zarIra meM nihita jyotirmaya zubhra AtmA kA darzana karate haiN| upaniSadoM kA yaha spaSTa abhimata hai ki bAhya padArthoM kI upalabdhi meM sukha aura zAnti sambhava nahIM hai| Atmika zAnti kI anubhUti tabhI sambhava hai, jaba vyakti bahirmukhatA kA tyAga karake antarmukhI bne| vastutaH yaha antarmukhatA kI sAdhanA hI samatva kI sAdhanA hai; kyoMki bahirmukhatA kA tyAga karane para citta vikSobhita nahIM hotA hai| samatvayoga sambandhI vivecanA ke sandarbha meM mahopaniSad eka mahattvapUrNa upaniSad hai| isa upaniSad meM jIvanmukta ke sandarbha meM samatvayogI ke svarUpa kA sundara vivecana upalabdha hotA hai| yadyapi vidvAnoM ne ise paravartIkAlIna upaniSad mAnA hai, phira bhI samatvayoga kI vivecanA meM isake mahattva ko nakArA nahIM jA sakatA (ka) 'parAJci khAni vyatRNatsvayaMbhUstasmAtparAG pazyati nAntarAtman / kazciddhIraH pratyagAtmAnamaikSadAvRtta cakSuramRtatvamicchan / / 1 / / ' -kaThopaniSad adhyAya 2 / (kha) muNDakopaniSad 3/1/6 /

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samatvayoga kA tulanAtmaka adhyayana 321 hai| isameM kahA gayA hai ki jise sAMsArika bhoga acche nahIM lagate, vahI puruSa jIvanmukta kahalAtA hai| jo pratipala hone vAle sukha yA duHkha athavA anukUla yA pratikUla paristhitiyoM meM na to Asakta banatA hai, na hI vicalita hotA hai aura na harSita, na duHkhI hotA hai, vahI jIvanmukta arthAt samatvayogI kahalAtA hai| jo harSa, amarSa, bhaya, kAma, krodha evaM zoka Adi vikAroM se mukta rahatA hai, vahI samatva se yukta hotA hai| jo ahaMkAra yukta vAsanA ko sahajatA se tyAga detA hai aura jo jJeya tatva kA jJAtA hai; vahI jIvanmukta yA samatvayogI hai| jisakI AtmA sadaiva paramAtmA meM lIna hai, mana pUrNa evaM pavitra hai, jisako kisI padArtha ke prati na to Asakti hai aura na udAsIna bhAva hai, vaha samatvayogI hai| jo puruSa rAga-dveSa, sukha-duHkha, mAna-apamAna, dharma-adharma evaM phalAphala kI icchA-AkAMkSA nahIM rakhatA hai, aura sadaiva apane karttavyoM ke paripAlana meM vyasta rahatA hai, vahI manuSya jIvananmukta kahalAtA hai| jo moha rahita hokara sAkSIbhAva se jIvana yApana karatA hai tathA binA kisI phala kI kAmanA kiye hI apane karttavya karma meM rata rahatA hai, vahI jIvanmukta yA samatvayogI hai| jisane sAMsArika -mahopaniSad adhyAya 2 / - vahI / -vahI / 'tapaH prabhRtinA yasmai hetunaiva vinA punaH / bhogA iha na rocanyate sa jIvanmukta ucyate / / 42 / / ' 'Apatatsu yathAkAlaM sukhaduHkheSvanArataH / na hRSyati glAyati yaH sa jIvanmukta uccate / / 43 / / ' 'harSAmarSabhayakrodhakAmakArpaNyaddaSTibhiH / / na parAmRzyate yo'nta sa jIvanmukta uccate / / 44 / / ' 'ahaMkAramayI tyaktvA vAsanAM lIlayaiva yaH / tiSThati dhyeyasaMtyAgI sa jIvanmukta uccate / / 45 / / ' 'adhyAtmaratirAsInaH pUrNaH pAvanamAnasaH / prAptAnuttamavizrAntina kiMcidiha vAJchati / yo jIvati gatasnehaH sa jIvanmukta ucyate / / 47 / / ' 'rAgadveSau sukhaM duHkhaM dharmAdharmo phalAphale / yaH karotyanapekSyaiva sa jIvanmukta uccate / / 46 / / ' __ 'sarvatra vigatasneho yaH sAkSivadavasthitaH / niriccho vartate kArye sa jIvananmukta uccate / / 51 / / ' -mahopaniSad adhyAya 2 / - vahI / -vahI / -vahI /

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322 jainadarzana meM samatvayoga kI sAdhanA sabhI kAmanAoM kA parityAga kara diyA hai, use hI jIvanmukta kahA gayA hai|" jisane dharma-adharma, sukha-duHkha evaM janma-mRtyu Adi kA hRdaya se pUrNa parityAga kara diyA hai arthAt ina bAhya ghaTanAoM se jisakA citta vicalita nahIM hotA hai, vahI vAstava meM samatvayogI kahalAtA hai|12 jo puruSa saMsAra kI samasta riddhi-samRddhi ke bIca rahakara bhI usase nirlipta rahatA hai, vastutaH vaha nizcita hI AtmA meM paramAtmA kI anubhUti karatA hai| ___mahopaniSad meM Age tRSNA ko samatvayoga kI sAdhanA meM bAdhaka batAte hue kahA gayA hai ki zreSTha mune! maiM zreSTha sadguNoM kA Azraya svIkAra kara apanI AtmA ko samatva meM sthita karanA cAhatA hU~; lekina merI tRSNA una zreSTha guNoM ko ThIka vaise hI kATa detI hai, jaise ki duSTa mUSikA (cuhiyA) vINA ke tAroM ko kATa detI hai| yaha tRSNA caMcala ba~dariyA ke samAna hai, jo na cAhate hue bhI apanA paira TikAnA cAhatI hai| vaha tRpta hone para bhI bhinna-bhinna phaloM kI icchA karatI hai| eka jagaha para lambe samaya taka nahIM ruktii|5 kSaNamAtra meM hI vaha AkAza evaM pAtAla kI saira kara DAlatI hai aura kSaNamAtra meM hI dizArupI kuMjoM meM bhramaNa karane lagatI hai| yaha taSNA hRdaya kamala meM vicaraNa karanevAlI bhramarI ke samAna hai| yaha tRSNA nazvara jagat ke samasta duHkhoM meM dIrgha kAla taka duHkha denevAlI arthAt cittavRtti ke samatva ko bhaMga -mahopaniSad adhyAya 2 / -vahI / " 'yena dharmarmadharma ca manomananamIhitam / sarvamantaH parityaktaM sa jIvanmukta uccate / / 52 / / ' 'dharmAdharmo sukha-duHkhaM tathA maraNajanmanI / dhiyA yena susaMtyaktaM sa jIvanmukta uccate / / 56 / / ' 'yaH samastArtha jAleSu vyavahAryapi nispRhaH / parArtheSviva pUrNAtmA sa jIvanmukta uccate / / 62 / / ' 'yAMma yAmahaM munizreSTha saMzrayAmi guNAzriyama / tAM tAM kRntati me tRSNA tantrImiva kU mUSikA / / 22 / / ' 'padaM karotyaladhye'pi tRptA viphala mI hate / ciraM tiSThati naikatra tRSNA capalamarkaTI / / 23 / / ' 16 'kSaNaMmAyAti pAtAlaM kSaNaM yAti nabhaH sthalam / / kSaNaM bhramati dikkuMje tRSNA hRtpadmaSaTpadI / / 24 / / ' -mahopaniSad adhyAya 2 / -vahIM adhyAya 3 / -vahI / -vahI /

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samatvayoga kA tulanAtmaka adhyayana 323 karane vAlI hai| __ he munIzvara! yadi yaha zarIra bAhara evaM andara rakta tathA mAMsAdi se saMvyApta hai, to isa nazvara zarIra meM ramaNIyatA kahA~ se aayegii| yadi kisI ne zaratakAlIna bAdaloM meM gandharva kI nagarI ko dekhA ho, to vaha isa nazvara deha kI sthiratA meM vizvAsa kara sakatA hai| bAlyakAla meM guru se, mAtA-pitA se, anya parijanoM se, Ayu meM bar3e lar3akoM se evaM anya dUsare logoM se bhI bhaya lagatA hai| ataH yaha bAlyAvasthA bhaya kA hI ghara hai| yuvAvasthA ke Ane para apane hI citta rUpI guphA meM nivAsa karane vAle bhinna-bhinna taraha ke bhramoM meM pha~sAne vAle isa kAma rUpI pizAca se balapUrvaka vivaza hokara vyakti parAjaya ko prApta ho jAtA hai|" vRddhAvasthA ke prApta hone para unmatta kI bhA~ti kA~pate hue vyakti ko dekhakara dAsa, putra-putriyA~ evaM bandhu-bAndhava bhI ha~sI karate haiN|2 vRddhAvasthA meM zarIra to zithila ho jAtA hai, kinta icchAe~-AkAMkSAe~ atyadhika bar3ha jAtI haiN| yaha vRddhAvasthA hRdaya meM dAha pradAna karane vAlI hai|23 isa prakAra ye tInoM avasthAe~ cittavRtti ke samatva ko bhaMga karatI haiN| ataH inameM sukha kaise mAnA jA sakatA hai? isa prakAra jagat meM merA-terA Adi dRzya prapaMca (indrajAla) hai| -vahI / -vahI / - vahI / 'sarva saMsAra duHkhAnAM tRSNaikA dIrgha duHkhadA / antaH purasthamapi yA yojayatyati saMkaTe / / 25 / / ' 'raktamAsamayasyAsya sabAhyAbhyantare mune / nAzaikatharmiNo brUhi kaiva kAyasya ramyatA / / 31 / / ' 'taDitsu zaradabhreSu gandharvanagareSu ca / sthairya yena vinirNItaM sa vizvAsitu vigrahe / / 32 / / ' 'zaizavai guruto bhItirmAmRta pitRtasthtathA / janato jyeSThabAlAcca zaizavaM bhayamandiram / / 33 / / ' 'svacittabilasaMsthena nAnAvibhrama kAriNA / balAtkAmapizAcena vivazaH paribhUyate / / 34 / / ' 'dAsAH putrAH striyazcaiva bAndhavAH sahRdastathA / hasantyunmattakamiva naraM vArdhaka kampitam / / 35 / / ' 'dainyadoSamayI dIrghA vardhate vArdhake spRhA / sarvApadAmekasakhI hRdi dAha pradAyinI / / 36 / / ' - mahopaniSad adhyAya 3 / -vahI / -vahI / -vahI /

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324 jainadarzana meM samatvayoga kI sAdhanA yahI citta kI viSamatA hai| ataH jo paramatattva ko prApta kara letA hai, vahI samatva ko prApta kara letA hai|4 jJAnavAna puruSa vahI hai, jo sampUrNa dRzya jagat ko nirvizeSa citta rUpa mAnatA ho| vahI ziva hai; vahI brahmA hai; vahI viSNu hai aura vahI samatvayogI hai|5 mahopaniSad meM kahA gayA hai ki samatvayoga se yukta vyakti sadaiva yahI vicAra karatA hai ki maiM kSINakAya nahIM hU~; maiM duHkhoM se grasta bhI nahIM hU~ aura maiM zarIradhArI bhI nahIM hU~ varan maiM Atmabala meM pratiSThita hU~ - mujhe kisI kA bandhana nahIM hai|26 maiM mAMsa nahIM hU~; asthi nahIM hU~ - aisA ddar3ha nizcaya karane vAlA vyakti hI mukti ko prApta kara sakatA hai| isa prakAra anAtma meM Atma buddhi kA tyAga kara vyakti samatva ko prApta karatA hai| _ jise brahma pada kI prApti yA samatva kI upalabdhi kI lAlasA jAgrata ho jAtI hai, usameM terA-merA aura apane-parAyepana kI saMkIrNatA samApta ho jAtI hai| jinhoMne saMkalpa-bandhana ko kATa diyA hai aura jisakI citta kI caMcalatA samApta ho gaI hai, usane mahAn pada ko upalabdha kara liyA hai| aise sAdhaka hI samatva ko prApta karate haiN| jo mana ko vaza meM karake vimanaska ho gaye haiM, zAntacittatA unakI prakhara meghAvI paricArikA bana gaI hai|30 jinhoMne mAnasika saMkalpoM kA tyAga kara diyA hai evaM mana ko 24 -mahopaniSad adhyAya 4 / 25 -vahI / - vhii| 'ahaM tvaM jagadityAdau prazAnte dRzyasaMbhrame / syAttAdRzI kevalatA ddazye sattAmupAgate / / 54 / / ' 'avizeSeNa sarvatu yaH pazyati cidanvayAt / sa eva sAkSAdvijJAnI sa zivaH sa harividhi / / 76 / / ' 'nAhaM duHkhI na me deho bandhaH ko'syAtmani sthitaH / iti bhAvAnurUpeNa vyavahAreNa mucyate / / 124 / / ' 'nAhaM mAMsaM na cAsthIni dehAdanyaH paro'smyaham / iti nizcitavAnantaH kSINAvidyo vimucyate / / 125 / / ' 'saptabhUmiH sa vijJeyaH kathitAstAkSa bhUmikAH etAsAM bhUmikAnAM tu gamyaM bahmAbhidhaM padam / / 43 / / ' 'nirastakalpanAjAlamacittatvaM paraM padam / ta eva bhUmatAM prAptAH saMzAntAzeSakilbiSA / / 60 / / ' 'mahAdhiyaH zAntadhiyo ye yAtA vimanaskatAm / jantoH kRtavicArasya vigaladvatticetasaH / / 61 / / ' -vhii| -vahI adhyAya 5 / -vahI / -mahopaniSad adhyAya 5 /

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samatvayoga kA tulanAtmaka adhyayana 325 susthira banA liyA hai, jo mumukSu puruSa heya aura upAdeya donoM se upara uTha gayA hai, vastutaH vahI samatvayogI hai, brahma hai| jo mana se rAga rahita ho gae haiM; anAsakta aura dvanda rahita tathA nirAvalamba ho gae haiM; jo piMjar3e se mukta pakSI kI taraha moha se mukta ho gae haiM;32 jinake saMzaya zAnta ho gaye haiM; jo prapaMca aura kautaka se vimakta haiM; ve samatvayogI haiN| jo yaha mAnatA hai ki maiM to sabhI doSoM se rahita mAtra brahma svarUpa hU~; vahI vAstava meM brahma kA sAkSAtkAra karanevAlA hai - samatvayogI hai|34 mahopanipaSad meM Age yaha batAyA gayA hai ki hAtha se hAtha ko malane se, dA~ta se dA~ta ko pIsane para tathA aMgoM se aMgoM ko dabAne se brahma kI upalabdhi nahIM ho sktii|35 jisane indriya-rUpI vairiyoM ko apane vazIbhUta kara liyA hai tathA citta ke ahaMbhAva ko vinaSTa kara diyA hai aura jisakI bhoga lipsAe~ samApta ho gaI haiM; vahI saccA samatvayogI hai|36 sabhI saMjJAoM aura saMkalpoM se rahita jo yaha cidAtmA avinAzI yA svAtmA Adi nAmoM se jAnI jAtI hai; vahI parama brahma yA AtmA hai| mahopaniSada meM Age kahA gayA hai ki vAstava meM yaha saMsAra astittva rahita hai| yaha to mAtra AbhAsita hotA hai| jaba tumhArI dRSTi jJAna ke prakAza se ota-prota -vahI / -vahI / -vahI / 'mananaM tyajato nityaM kiMcitpariNataM manaH / dRzyaM saMtyajato heyamupAdeyamupeyuSaH / / 62 / / ' 'nirAgaM nirUpAsaGga nirdvandvaM nirUpAzrayam / viniryAti mano mohAdvihaGgaH paMjarAdiva / / 67 / / ' 'zAntasaMdehadaurAtmyaM gatakotukavibhramam / paripUrNAntaraM cetaH pUrNenduriva rAjate / / 68 / / ' 'nAhaM na cAnyadastIha brahmaivAsmi nirAmamam / itthaM sadasatormadhyAdyA pazyati sa pazyati / / 66 / / ' 35 'hastaM hastena saMpIDaya dantairdantAnvi cUrNya ca / aMGgAnyaagairivA kramya jayedAdau svakaM manaH / / 75 / / ' 'pragecittadarpasya nigRhI tendriya dviSaH / padminya iva hemante kSIyante bhogavAsanAH / / 77 / / ' 'sarvasaMkalparahitA sarvasaMjJA savaijJAvivarjitA / saiSA cidavinAzAtmA svAtmetyAdikRtAbhithA / / 100 / / ' vahI / -vahI / -vahI / -vahI /

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326 jainadarzana meM samatvayoga kI sAdhanA hogI, tabhI tuma samatva meM sthira ho paaoge|8 Age chaThe adhyAya meM batAyA gayA hai ki mukta aura zAnta vahI hai, jisane hRdaya se sabhI vAsanAoM ko tyAga diyA hai| vahI paramezvara hai|6 jo prabuddha aura jAgrata ho gayA hai, vaha samatvayogI yahI kahatA hai ki merI AtmA ko curAne vAlA duSTa cora merA yaha dUSita mana hI hai| jo puruSa samatva buddhi ke dvArA sadaiva ke lie vAsanAoM kA parityAga karake mamatA rahita ho jAtA hai, vahI mukti ko prApta kara sakatA hai| isa kAraNa vAsanA kA tyAga hI parama karttavya hai| jo manuSya ahaMkAra se yukta vAsanA ko sahajatApUrvaka tyAga kara dhyeya arthAta icchita vastu kA samyak rUpa se parityAga karake pratiSThita hotA hai, vahI puruSa jIvanmukta yA samatvayogI kahalAtA hai| jisameM anAsakti, nirbhayatA, nityatA, abhijJatA, samatA, niSkAmatA, niSkriyatA, saumyatA, dhRti, nirvikalpatA3 maitrI, santoSa, mRdutA evaM mRdubhASaNa Adi guNa nivAsa karate haiM; vahI prajJAvAn puruSa samatvayogI hai| 5.1.1 zrImadbhagavadgItA meM samatvayoga gItA kA mukhya upadeza bhI samatvayoga kI sAdhanA hai; kyoMki -vahI / -vahI adhyAya 6 / - mahopaniSad adhyAya 6 / 38 'pratibhAsae svedaM na jagatparamAthataH / jJAnaddaSTau prasannAyAM prabodhavitatodaye / / 108 / / 'hRdayAtsaMparityajya sarvavAsanapaDntayaH / yastiSThati gatavyagraH samuktaH paramezvaraH / / / / ' 'prabuddho'smi prabuddho'smi duSTazcoro'yamAtmanaH / manonAma nihanmyenaM manasAsmi ciraM hRtaH / / 27 / / ' 'sarva samatayA buddhayAyaH kRtvA vAsanAkSayam / jahAti nirmamo dehaM neya'soM vAsanAkSayaH / / 44 / / ' 'ahaMkAramayIM tyaktvA vAsanAM lIlayaiva yaH / tiSThati dhyeyasaMtyAgI sa jIvanmukta uccate / / 4 / / ' 'nirAzatA nirbhayatA nityatA samatA jJatA / nirIhatA niSkriyatA saumyatA nirvikalpatA / / 26 / / ' 'dhRtimaitrI manastuSTi mRdutA mRdubhASitA / heyopAdeyanirmukte jJe tiSThantya pavAsanam / / 30 / / ' -vahI / -vahI / -vahI / -vhii|

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samatvayoga kA tulanAtmaka adhyayana 45 usameM samatva ko hI yoga kahA gayA hai samatva yA samatA mAnava jIvana kI mahAna sAdhanA evaM anupama upalabdhi hai / vyakti isI se sukha, zAnti aura nirvANa ko prApta karatA hai / DaoN. sAgaramala jaina ne samatva kI upalabdhi ke lie trividha sAdhanA - patha kA pratipAdana kiyA hai| cetanA ke jJAna, bhAva aura saMkalpa pakSa ko samatva se yukta arthAt samyak banAne ke lie jainadarzana ne samyagjJAna, samyagdarzana evaM samyak cAritra ko svIkAra kiyA hai / usI prakAra bauddhadarzana ne prajJA, zIla aura samAdhi ko svIkRta kiyA hai / vaise hI gItA ne jJAnayoga, karmayoga aura bhaktiyoga kA pratipAdana kiyA hai| jJAna, karma aura bhakti sabhI samatva ke lie hote haiM / ye tInoM sAdhana haiM aura samatva sAdhya hai| gItA meM batAyA gayA hai ki jo sabhI meM samatva dRSTi rakhatA hai, vahI jJAnI hai / 47 binA samatva ke karma akarma nahIM hotA aura samatva bhAva se hI yathArtha bhakti upalabdha hotI hai / samatva ke rahate hue hI jJAna, karma aura bhakti kA mUlya yA artha hai / vastutaH jaba taka jJAna, karma aura bhakti samatva se yukta nahIM hote haiM, taba taka unake dvArA mukti sambhava nahIM hotI hai / jJAna, karma aura bhakti ke samatva ke binA jJAnayoga va karmayoga bhaktiyoga nahIM bana sakate / samatva se inakA rUpa badala jAtA hai / jaina paramparA meM bhI jJAna, darzana (zraddhA) aura cAritra (karma) jaba taka samyak yA samatva se yukta nahIM hote, taba taka ve samyak hokara mokSamArga ke aMga nahIM banate haiM / 45 'yogasthaH kuru karmANi saga tyaktvA dhanaJjaya / siddhayasiddhayoH samo bhUtvA samatvaM yoga ucyate / / 48 / ' 'jaina, bauddha evam gItA ke AcAra darzanoM kA tulanAtmaka adhyayana' 46 47 48 327 'vidyA vinaya saMpatre brAhmaNe gavi hastini / zuni caiva zvapAke ca paNDitAH samadarzinaH || 18 || ' ' yadRcchAlAbhasaMtuSTo dvandvAtIto vimatsaraH / samaH siddhAvasiddhau ca kRtvApi na nibadhyate / / 22 / / ' - gItA adhyAya 2 / bhAga 2 pR. 18 / - DaoN. sAgaramala jaina / - gItA adhyAya 5 / -vahI adhyAya 4 /

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328 jainadarzana meM samatvayoga kI sAdhanA ___ gItA meM paramAtma kI prApti ko hI sAdhya kahA gayA hai| gItA meM brahma arthAt paramAtmA ko sama kahA gayA hai| gItA ke anusAra mukta vahI kahalAtA hai, jisakA mana saMsAra meM rahate hue bhI samabhAva meM ramaNa karatA hai, kyoMki brahma bhI nirdoSa evaM sama hai|46 brahma usI samatva meM sthita hai| kahane kA tAtparya yaha hai ki jo samatva meM sthita hai, vaha brahma meM sthita hai; kyoMki sama hI brahma hai| gItA meM Izvara ko samatva rUpa se svIkAra kiyA gayA hai| kRSNa gItA ke naveM adhyAya meM kahate haiM ki sabhI prANiyoM meM maiM sama ke rUpa meM sthita hai| gItA ke terahaveM adhyAya meM batAyA gayA hai ki vAstavika jJAnI use hI kahA jAtA hai, jo sabhI ko samatvapUrvaka dekhatA hai| isa prakAra gItA meM samabhAva yA samatvayoga kI sAdhanA para hI sarvAdhika bala diyA gayA hai|' gItA kA kathana hai ki jo sabhI prANiyoM meM samAna rUpa se sthita paramezvara ko samabhAva se dekhatA hai, vaha apane dvArA apanA hI ghAta nahIM karatA arthAt vItarAga svabhAva yA apane samatva ko naSTa nahIM hone detaa|2 yahI mukti kI prApti hai| gItA ke chaThe adhyAya meM paramayogI ke svarUpa ko spaSTa kiyA gayA hai| gItA ke anusAra paramayogI vahI hai, jo sarvatra samatva kA darzana karatA hai|3 gItAkAra kA kathana hai ki yoga se yukta AtmA vahI hai, jo samadarzI hai| yogI kI pahacAna samatva yA samabhAva se hI hai| saccA yogI to vahI hai, jisane samatva kI sAdhanA kI hai| 46 'ihaiva tairjitaH sargo yeSAM sAmye sthitaM manaH / / nirdoSaM hi samaM brahma tasmAd brahmaNi te sthitAH / / 16 / / ' -gItA adhyAya adhyAya 5 / 50 'samo'haM sarvabhUteSu na me dveSyo'sti na priyaH / / ye bhajanti tu mAM bhaktyA mayi te teSu cApyaham / / 26 / / ' -zrImadbhagavadgItA adhyAya 6 / 'samaM sarveSu bhUteSu tiSThantaM paramezvaram / vinazyatsvavinazyantaM yaH pazyati sa pazyati / / 28 / / ' -vahI adhyAya 13 / ___ 'samaM pazyanhi sarvatra samavasthitamIzvaram / na hinastyAtmanAtmAnaM tato yAti parAM gatim / / 26 / / ' -vhii| 'Atmaupamyena sarvatra samaM pazyati yo'rjuna / sukhaM vA yadi vA duHkhaM sa yogI paramo mataH / / 32 / / ' -vahI adhyAya 6 / 'sarvabhUtasthamAtmAnaM sarvabhUtAni cAtmani / / IkSate yogayuktAtmA sarvatra samadarzanaH / / 26 / / ' -vahI /

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samatvayoga kA tulanAtmaka adhyayana 326 gItA kA yathArtha yoga samatvayoga hai| chaThe adhyAya meM arjuna ne kRSNa se kahA thA ki mana kI caMcalatA ke kAraNa samatva ko pAnA sambhava nahIM hai| isa mana kI caMcalatA ko samApta karane ke lie jJAna, karma, tapa, dhyAna aura bhakti hI sAdhana batAye gaye haiN| kintu inameM sabase zreSTa to samatvayoga hI hai| samatvayoga meM yoga zabda kA artha jor3anA nahIM hai; kyoMki samatvayoga bhI aisI avasthA meM sAdhanayoga hogA - sAdhyayoga nhiiN| ekAgratA, dhyAna yA samAdhi bhI samatvayoga ke sAdhana haiN| AcArya zaMkara kahate haiM ki gItA meM samatvayoga kA artha AtmatulyatA yA Atmavata dRSTi hai| pratyeka prANI ke prati Atmavata dRSTi athavA samAnatA kA bhAva ho tathA sukha-duHkha, anukUla-pratikUla, mAna-apamAna, zatrutA-mitratA Adi paristhitiyoM meM mana vicalita nahIM ho; yahI samatvayoga kI sAdhanA hai| saMkalpa-vikalpoM se mAnasa kA mukta honA hI samatva hai| samatva na kevala tulyadRSTi yA Atmavat dRSTi hai, apitu madhyastha-dRSTi, vItarAga-dRSTi evaM anAsakta dRSTi bhI hai| gItA meM aneka dRSTikoNoM se samatvayoga kI zikSA dI gaI hai| zrIkRSNa ne kahA hai ki 'he arjuna! mokSa yA amaratva kA adhikArI vahI vyakti hotA hai, jo sukha-duHkha meM samabhAva rakhatA hai tathA indriyoM ko vyAkula nahIM hone detaa|'57 samatva se yukta vyakti kabhI pApa nahIM krtaa| vaha sukha-duHkha, jaya-parAjaya yA lAbha-hAni meM vicalita nahIM hotA hai| samatvabhAva se yukta hokara yadi vaha yuddha bhI kare, to bhI use pApa nahIM lagatA hai|"58 Age ve kahate haiM ki "he arjuna! siddhi asiddhi meM samabhAva rakhakara tathA Asakti kA -vhii| - vhii| __ 'tapasvibhyo'dhiko yogI jJAnibhyo'pi mato'dhikaH / karmibhyazcAdhiko yogI tasmAdyogI bhavArjuna / / 46 / / ' 56 'Atmaupamyena sarvatra samaM pazyati yo'rjuna / sukhaM vA yadi vA duHkhaM sa yogI paramo mataH / / 32 / / ' 'yaM hi na vyathayantyete puruSaM puruSarSabha / samaduHkhasukhaM dhIraM so'mRtatvAya kalpate / / 15 / / ' ___ 'sukhaduHkhe same kRtvA lAbhAlAbhau jayAjayau / tato yuddhAya yujyasva naivaM pApamavApsyasi / / 38 / / ' -gItA adhyAya 2 / -vahI /

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330 jainadarzana meM samatvayoga kI sAdhanA tyAga karake samatvabhAva se tU kamoM kA AcaraNa kara; kyoMki samatva hI yoga hai|8 he arjuna ! yadi tU phala kI prApti kI icchA se rahita samatva buddhi kA Azraya lekara karma kr| ye sakAma karma ati tuccha haiN|"60 samatva buddhi-rUpa yoga hI karmabandhana se chUTane kA kAraNa hai| puNya-pApa se anAsakta rahakara sAmyabuddhi se karma karane kI kuzalatA hI yoga hai| jo rAga-dveSa evaM IrSyA se rahita nirdvandva evaM siddhi-asiddhi meM bhI samabhAva se yukta hai, jo svAbhAvika upalabdhiyoM se santuSTa hai, vaha jIvana ke sAmAnya vyApAroM ko karate hue bhI bandhana meM nahIM bandhatA hai|62 jo zIta-uSNa, mAna-apamAna, sukha aura duHkha jaisI virodhI paristhitiyoM meM sadaiva prazAnta rahatA hai arthAt samabhAva rakhatA hai; to mAna lo ki usane apanI AtmA ko jIta liyA hai aura vaha paramAtmabhAva meM sadaiva sthira hai|63 jo lohe evaM kAMcana donoM meM samAnabhAva rakhatA hai; jisakI AtmA tattvajJAna evaM AtmajJAna se tRpta hai; jo anAsakta evaM saMyamI hai, vahI yogI yoga yA samatvayoga se yukta hai|64 vahI vyakti mukti ko prApta kara sakatA hai, jisakA hRdaya mitra aura zatru ke prati taTastha hai| jo dveSI evaM bandhu meM tathA dharmAtmA aura pApAtmA ke prati samabhAva rakhatA hai, vahI ati zreSTha hai|65 jo -vahI / -vahI / -vahI / 'yogasthaH kurU karmANi saMga tyaktvA dhanaMjaya / siddhayasiddhayoH samo bhUtvA samatvaM yoga ucyate / / 48 / / ' 60 'dUreNa varaM karma buddhiyogAddhanaMjaya / buddhau zaraNamanviccha kRpaNAH phalahetavaH / / 46 / / ' 'buddhiyukto jahAtIha ubhe sukRta duSkRte / tasmAdyogAya yujyasva yogaH karmasu kauzalam / / 50 / / ' 'yadRcchAlAbhasaMtuSTo dvandvAtIto vimatsaraH / samaH sidhdAvasiddhau ca kRtvApi na nibadhyate / / 22 / / ' 'jitAtmanaH prazAntasya paramAtmA samAhitaH / zItoSNasukhaduHkheSu tathA mAnApamAnayoH / / 7 / / ' 'jJAnavijJAna tRptAtmA kUTastho vijitendriyaH / yukta ityucyate yogI samaloSTrAzmakAMcanaH / / 8 / / ' 'suhRnmitrAyudAsInamadhyastha dveSyabandhuSu / sAdhuSvapi ca pApeSu samabuddhirviziSyate / / 6 / / ' -vahI adhyAya 4 / -vahI adhyAya 6 / - gItA adhyAya 6 / -vhii|

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samatvayoga kA tulanAtmaka adhyayana 67 pratyeka paristhiti meM dRSTAbhAva se jItA hai, sabhI ke prati samabhAva rakhatA hai; vahI muktAtmA hai / vahI parama yogI hai, meM jo sukha-duHkha samabhAva rakhatA hai / 66 vahI vyakti paramAtmapada kI prApti kara sakatA hai, jo samatva buddhi se apanI indriyoM ko saMyamita kara sabhI prANiyoM ke prati kalyANa kI bhAvanA rakhatA hai / 7 jo zubha - azubha sampUrNa karmoM ke phala kA tyAgI hai, na kabhI harSita hotA hai, na dveSa karatA hai, na zoka karatA hai aura na kAmanA karatA hai aura isa prakAra samabhAva meM jItA hai, vaha bhaktiyukta vyakti sabhI kA priya bana jAtA hai / jo Izvara ke dhyAna meM nirantara tallIna rahatA hai, svayaM kI nindA aura stuti meM samabhAva rakhatA hai, zarIra kA nirvAha mamatva rahita hokara karatA hai; vaha sthira buddhivAlA purUSa sabhI ko priya hai / 66 jo zarIra kI DA~vADola sthiti meM bhI paramAtmA ko jyoM kA tyoM dekhatA hai; vahI samatva kI sAdhanA karatA hai jo puruSa zarIra kA nAza hone para bhI apanI AtmA ko akhaNDa, avinAzI, ajara evaM amara mAnatA hai; vahI paramagati ko pAne kA adhikArI hai / 71 70 samatva-darzana yathArtha jJAna kA anivArya aMga hai tathA samadarzI hI saccA paNDita yA jJAnI hai / 72 jJAna kI sArthakatA aura jJAna kA cAtmani / samadarzanaH / / 26 / / ' vijitendriyaH / priyaH / / 17 / / 'sarvabhUtasthamAtmAnaM sarvabhUtAni sarvatra IkSate yogayuktAtmA 'jJAnavijJAnatRptAtmA kUTastho yukta ityucyate yogI samaloSTrAzmakAMcanaH / / 8 / / ' 68 'yo na hRSyati na dveSTi na zocati na kAMkSati / zubhAzubhaparityAgI bhaktimAnyaH sa me 'tulyanindAstutirmaunI saMtuSTo yena aniketaH sthiramatirbhaktimAnme priyo 'samaM sarveSu bhUteSu tiSThantaM paramezvaram / vinazyatsvavinazyantaM yaH pazyati sa pazyati / / 28 / / ' 71 'samaM pazyanhi sarvatra samavasthitamIzvaram / na hinastyAtmanAtmAnaM tato yAti parAM 'vidyAvinayasaMpatre brAhmaNe gavi zuni caiva zvapAke ca paNDitAH naraH / / 16 / / ' gatim / / 26 / / ' hastini / samadarzinaH / / 18 / / ' 66 67 6 70 72 kenacit / 331 -vahI / vahI / -vahI adhyAya 12 / -vahI / - vahI adhyAya 13 | -vahI / gItA adhyAya 5 /

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332 jainadarzana meM samatvayoga kI sAdhanA antima lakSya samatva-darzana hai|3 gItA ke terahaveM adhyAya meM batAyA gayA hai ki jo puruSa naSTa hote hue bhI carAcara jagata meM paramezvara ko nAza rahita aura samabhAva meM sthita dekhatA hai, apane samAna paramezvara ko dekhatA huA svayaM ko naSTa nahIM karatA; vahI parama gati ko prApta karatA hai|04 samatva bhAvanA ke udaya se bhakti kA saccA rUpa prakaTa hotA hai| gItA ke aThArahaveM adhyAya meM zrIkRSNa ne spaSTa kahA hai ki jo samatva bhAva meM sthita hotA hai, vahI merI parama bhakti ko prApta karatA hai|75 bArahaveM adhyAya meM sacce bhakta kA lakSaNa hI samatva vRtti kA udaya mAnA hai|06 samatvabhAva kI sthiti meM hI vyakti karma ko akarma banA detA hai| samatvabhAva meM sthita vyakti kA AcaraNa sarvadA pApabandha se mukta rahatA hai| jisa sAdhana ke dvArA citta samAdhi ko prApta karatA hai, vahI samatvayoga hai| isI prakAra gItA meM jJAna, karma, bhakti aura dhyAna sabhI samatva prApta karane ke lie haiN| jaba ye samatva se yukta ho jAte haiM, taba apane sacce svarUpa ko prakaTa karate haiM aura jJAna yathArthajJAna bana jAtA hai| bhakti parama-bhakti ho jAtI hai| karma akarma ho jAtA hai aura dhyAna nirvikalpa samAdhi ko upalabdha kara letA hai| vinobAjI -vahI adhyAya 13 / -gItA adhyAya 13 / -vahI adhyAya 18 / 73 'samaM sarveSu bhUteSu tiSThantaM paramezvaram / vinazyatsvavinazyantaM yaH pazyati sa pazyati / / 27 / / ' 'samaM pazyanhi sarvatra samavasthitamIzvaram / na hinastyAtmanAtmAnaM tato yAti parAM gatim / / 28 / / / ' 'brahmabhUtaH prasannAtmA na zocati na kAMkSati / samaH sarveSu bhUteSu madbhaktiM labhate parAm / / 54 / / ' 76 (ka) 'yo na hRSyati na dveSTi na zocati na kAGkSati / zubhAzubhaparinyAgI bhakti mAnyaH sa me priyaH / / 17 / / ' (kha) 'tulyanindAstutirmonI saMtuSTo yenakenacit / aniketaH sthiramatirbhaktimAnme priyo naraH / / 18 / / ' 'sukha duHkhe same kRtvA lAbhAlAbhau jayAjayo / tato yuddhAya yujyasva naivaM pApamavApsyasi / / 38 / / ' 'zrutivipratipannA te yadA sthAsyati nizcalA / / samAdhAvacalA buddhistadA yogamavApsyasi / / 53 / / ' -vahI adhyAya 12 / -vhii| 77 -vahI adhyAya 2 / 19C -vhii|

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samatvayoga kA tulanAtmaka adhyayana 333 ne bhI gItA ko sAmyayoga kA zAstra kahA hai| 5.1.2 mahAbhArata meM samatvayoga upaniSadoM ke samAna hI hindU dharmadarzana ke paurANika sAhitya meM bhI samatvayoga kI vistRta carcA upalabdha hotI hai| zrImadbhAgavata meM to yaha kahA gayA hai ki samatva kI ArAdhanA hI acyuta yA paramAtmA kI ArAdhanA hai| isI tathya ko mahAbhArata ke zAntiparva meM bhI abhivyakta kiyA gayA hai| usameM kahA gayA hai ki sukha-duHkha Adi sabhI sthitiyoM meM aura samasta prANiyoM meM paramAtmA samabhAva se sthita haiN| isa prakAra mahAbhArata meM yaha svIkAra kiyA gayA hai ki paramAtmA sabhI prANiyoM meM samatvarUpa se upasthita hai| yahI kAraNa hai ki samatva kI sAdhanA ko paramAtmA kI upAsanA mAnA jAtA hai|0 mahAbhArata meM samatvayoga ke svarUpa kA sundara vivecana hameM zAntiparva meM milatA hai| usameM kahA gayA hai ki jisane mamatA aura ahaMkAra kA tyAga kara diyA hai, jo zIta, uSNa Adi dvandvoM ko samabhAva se sahatA hai; jisake saMzaya dUra ho gaye haiM; jo kabhI krodha aura dveSa nahIM karatA, jhUTha nahIM bolatA, kisI kI gAlI sunakara aura mAra khAkara bhI usakA ahita nahIM socatA, saba para mitrabhAva hI rakhatA hai; jo mana, vANI aura karma se kisI jIva ko kaSTa nahIM pahu~cAtA aura samasta prANiyoM para samabhAva rakhatA hai;2 vahI samatvayogI brahmabhAva ko prApta karatA hai| jo kisI vastu kI na icchA karatA hai, na anicchA hI karatA hai - jIvana nirvAha ke lie 76 'giitaaii'| -vinobA / 'samaH sarveSu bhUteSU IzvaraH sukhaduHkhayoH / mahAn mahAtmA sarvAtmA nArAyaNa iti zruti / / 345 ||'-mhaabhaart zAntiparva adhyAya 28 / 'nirmamazcAnahaMkAro nirdvandvazchina saMzayaH / naiva kruddhayati na dveSTi nAnRtA bhASate giraH / / 34 / / - mahAbhArata zAntiparva adhyAya 26 / 'AkruSTa stADitazcaiva maitreNa dhyAti nAzubham / vAgdaNDakamai manasAM trayANAM ca nivartakaH / / 35 / / ' -vahI /

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334 jainadarzana meM samatvayoga kI sAdhanA jo kucha mila jAtA hai, usI para santoSa karatA hai;83 jo nirlobha, vyathArahita aura jitendriya hai; jisako na to kucha karane se prayojana hai aura na kucha na karane se hI prayojana hai, jisakI indriyA~ aura mana kabhI caMcala nahIM hote; jisakA manoratha pUrNa ho gayA hai jo samasta prANiyoM para samAna dRSTi aura maitrIbhAva rakhatA hai; miTTI ke Dhele, patthara aura svarNa ko ekasA samajhatA hai; jisakI dRSTi meM priya aura apriya kA bheda nahIM hai; jo dhIra hai aura apanI nindA tathA stuti meM sama rahatA hai; jo sampUrNa bhogoM meM spRhA rahita hai; jo dRr3hatApUrvaka brahmacarya vrata meM sthita hai tathA jo saba prANiyoM meM hiMsAbhAva se rahita hai - aisA samatvayogI yA jJAnI saMsAra-bandhana se mukta ho jAtA hai| mAtra yahI nahIM ki mahAbhArata meM kevala vaiyaktika stara para samatvayoga kI bAta kahI gayI hai, apitu sAmAjika jIvana meM bhI samatva ko mahattva diyA hai| mahAbhArata ke Azvamedhika parva ke prathama adhyAya meM rAjA ko yaha nirdeza diyA gayA hai ki vaha sabhI prANiyoM (prajAjanoM) ke prati samabhAva kA bartAva kre| isa prakAra mahAbhArata meM na kevala AdhyAtmika dRSTi se samatva kI carcA hai, apita vyavahAra ke stara para bhI vaha samabhAva kI sthApanA para bala detA hai; kyoMki jo jitAtmA sabhI prANiyoM ke prati samabhAva kA vyavahAra karatA aura mamatArahita hotA hai, use kisI prakAra kA bhaya nahIM hotaa| isa prakAra mahAbhArata sAmAjika jIvana meM samatva kI 83 'samaH sarveSu bhUteSu brAhmANamabhivartate / naivecchati na cAniccho yAtrAmAtravyavasthitaH / / 36 / / ' -mahAbhArata zAntiparva 26 / 'alolupo'vyatho dAnto na kRtI na nirAkRtiH / nAsyendriyamanakAgraM na vikSipta manorathaH / / 37 / / ' -vahI adhyAya 34 / 'sarvabhUtasadda'maitraH samaloSTAzmakAMcanaH / tulyapriyApriyo dhIrastulyanindAtmasaMstuti / / 38 / / ' -vahI / 86 'aspRhaH sarva kAmebhyo brahmacaryaddar3havrataH / ahiMsnaH sarvabhUtAnAmIddak sAMkhyovimuccate / / 36 / / ' -chii| 87 'samaM sarveSu bhUteSu vartamAnaM narAdhipa / anu jIvantu sarve tvAM jJAtayo bhrAtabhiH saha / / 7 / / ' -vahI azvameghaparva adhyAya 1 / 'sabhasya sarvabhUteSu nirmamasya jitAtmanaH / samantAt parimuktasya na bhayaM vidyate kacit / / 24 / / '- mahAbhArata azvameghaparva adhyAya 28 /

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samatvayoga kA tulanAtmaka adhyayana 335 sAdhanA kA AdhAra nirbhayatA ko batAtI hai| 5.2 bauddhadarzana meM samatvayoga bauddhadarzana meM aSTAMgika sAdhanA-mArga ke pratyeka aMga kA sam yA samyak honA Avazyaka mAnA gayA hai| yahA~ samyak hone kA tAtparya rAga-dveSa aura moha se rahita honA yA usase Upara uThanA hai| vastutaH rAga-dveSa kA prahANa hI samatvayoga kI sAdhanA kA prANa hai| bauddha aSTAMgika Arya-mArga meM antima aMga samyak samAdhi hai| DaoN. sAgaramala jaina ke zabdoM meM yadi hama samAdhi ko vyApaka artha meM grahaNa kareM, to nizcita hI vaha mAtra dhyAna kI eka avasthA na hokara cittavRtti kA samatva hai| cittavRtti kA rAga-dveSa se zUnya honA tathA vItarAga avasthA ko prApta honA, yahI samAdhi hai| isa artha meM vaha jaina paramparA ke samAhi (samAdhi - sAmAyika) zabda se adhika dUra nahIM hai| sUtrakRtAMgacUrNi meM kahA gayA hai ki rAga-dveSa kA parityAga hI samAdhi hai|60 bhagavAna buddha ne kahA hai ki jisane dhamoM ko ThIka prakAra se jAna liyA aura jo kisI matamatAntara ke pakSa meM nahIM hai, vahI sambuddha hai, samadRSTA hai aura viSama sthiti meM bhI usakA AcaraNa sama rahatA hai|' buddhi, dRSTi aura AcaraNa ke sAtha lagA huA sam pratyaya bauddhadarzana meM samatvayoga kA hI pratIka hai; jo buddhi, mana aura AcaraNa tInoM ko sama banAne kA nirdeza detA hai| saMyuktanikAya meM kahA gayA hai ki AryoM kA mArga sama hai| Arya viSama sthiti meM bhI sama kA AcaraNa karate haiN|62 dhammapada meM buddha kahate haiM ki jo samatva buddhi se AcaraNa karatA hai; jisakI vAsanAe~ zAnta ho gaI haiM; jo jitendriya hai tathA saMyama aura brahmacarya kA pAlana karatA hai; jo sabhI prANiyoM ke prati maitrI bhAva rakhatA hai; kisI ko kaSTa nahIM pahuMcAtA - aisA vyakti cAhe 16 'jaina, bauddha aura gItA ke AcAra darzanoM kA tulanAtmaka adhyayana' bhAga 2 pR. 7-8 / -DaoN. sAgaramala jain| sUtrakRtAMgacUrNi 1/22 / ra saMyuktanikAya 1/1/8 / vahI 1/2/6 /

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336 jainadarzana meM samatvayoga kI sAdhanA AbhUSaNoM ko bhI kyoM na dhAraNa kara le; phira bhI zramaNa hai, bhikSuka hai|63 yaha vicAra uttarAdhyayana ke isa kathana kI puSTi karatA hai ki samatA se hI zramaNa kahA jAtA hai| jaina vicAraNA meM 'sama' kA artha kaSAyoM kA upazama hai| isa artha meM bhI bauddha vicAraNA samatvayoga kA samarthana karatI hai| majjhimanikAya meM kahA gayA hai ki rAga-dveSa evaM moha kA upazama hI parama Arya upazama hai| isa prakAra bauddha aura jaina paramparAoM meM samatA kA AcaraNa karane vAloM ko samAna rUpa se hI zramaNa mAnA gayA hai|65 samatva kA artha Atmavat dRSTi svIkAra karane para bhI bauddha vicAraNA meM usakA sthAna nirvivAda rUpa se siddha hotA hai| suttanipAta meM kahA gayA hai - "jaisA maiM hU~, vaise hI jagat ke sabhI prANI haiN| isalie sabhI prANiyoM ke prati apane samAna AcaraNa karanA caahiye|" samatva kA artha rAga-dveSa kA prahANa yA rAga-dveSa kI zUnyatA karane para bhI bauddha vicAraNA meM samatvayoga kA mahattvapUrNa sthAna siddha hotA hai| udAna meM kahA gayA hai ki rAga-dveSa aura moha kA kSaya hone se hI nirvANa prApta hotA hai| bauddhadarzana meM varNita cAra brahma vihAra athavA bhAvanAoM meM bhI samatvayoga kA cintana parilakSita hotA hai| maitrI, karuNA, muditA (pramoda) aura mAdhyasthya bhAva - inameM prathama tIna spaSTa haiN| mAdhyasthya bhAvanA yA upekSA ke lie sukha-duHkha, priya-apriya aura lauha-kAMcana meM samabhAva rakhanA Avazyaka hai| vastutaH bauddhadarzana jisa mAdhyasthyavRtti para bala detA hai, vaha samatvayoga hI hai| 5.3 jainadarzana meM samatvayogI aura gItA ke sthitaprajJa kA tulanAtmaka adhyayana jaina sAdhanA meM jIvana kA parama sAra vItarAgatA kI upalabdhi ko kahA gayA hai| vastutaH vItarAga dazA pUrNa samatva kI avasthA hai! pUrva meM hamane isa tathya ko spaSTa kiyA hai ki samatva rAga-dveSa se dhammapada 142 / 64 majjhimanikAya 3/40/2 / dhammapada 388 / -tulanA kIjiye uttarAdhyayana 25/32 /

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samatva yogI

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samatvayoga kA tulanAtmaka adhyayana 337 Upara uThane para hI upalabdha hotA hai| jo rAga-dveSa se Upara uTha jAtA hai; vahI vItarAga yA samatvayogI kahalAtA hai, kyoMki usake jIvana meM hI samatva pUrNa rUpa se sAkAra hotA hai| jainAgamoM meM vItarAgatA ke lakSaNa ko spaSTa karate hue kahA gayA hai ki jo mamatva evaM ahaMkAra se rahita hai, jisake citta meM kisI prakAra kI Asakti nahIM hai, jo mAna-apamAna kI sthiti meM bhI vicalita nahIM hotA hai aura prANImAtra ke prati samabhAva rakhatA hai; vahI vItarAga yA samatvayogI hai|6 uttarAdhyayanasUtra meM kahA gayA hai ki jo lAbha-alAbha, sukha-duHkha, jIvana-maraNa, mAna-apamAna aura nindA-prazaMsA meM samabhAva rakhatA hai; vahI samatvayogI yA sAmAyika kA sAdhaka hai| jise isa loka yA paraloka meM kisI bhI padArtha kI apekSA nahIM hai, jo icchAoM aura AkAMkSAoM se Upara uTha gayA hai, jo candana kA lepa karane vAle aura vasUlI se chIlane vAle donoM ke prati samabhAva rakhatA hai arthAt na candana kA lepa karane vAle para prasanna hotA hai aura na vasUlI se zarIra ko chIlane vAle para Akroza karatA hai; vahI samatvayogI hai| jisa prakAra agni meM tapakara sonA nirmala hotA hai, usI prakAra AtmA samabhAva kI sAdhanA se nirmala hotI hai| jisa prakAra kamala kIcar3a aura pAnI meM utpanna hokara bhI unameM lipta nahIM hotA, usI prakAra jo saMsAra meM rahate hue bhI sAMsArika viSaya-vAsanAoM meM lipta nahIM hotA; vahI samatvayogI hai| uttarAdhyayanasUtra ke 33veM adhyayana meM samatvayogI kI jIvana zailI kaisI hotI hai, isakA vistRta vivaraNa upalabdha hotA hai| usameM kahA gayA hai ki jaba taka indriyA~ haiM indriyoM ke viSayoM se samparka hotA hI hai| vastutaH virakta AtmA, anAsakta puruSa yA samatvayogI vahI hai jo indriyoM ke viSayoM ke upalabdha hone para bhI na anukUla ke prati rAga karatA hai aura na pratikUla ke prati dveSa karatA hai| vastutaH aindrika viSaya kI anubhUti patana kA kAraNa nahIM hai| vyakti ke patana kA kAraNa ina aindrika viSayoM ke prati rAga-dveSa kA bhAva 66 'jaina, bauddha tathA gItA ke AcAradarzanoM kA tulanAtmaka adhyayana' bhAga 1 pR. 416 / -DaoN sAgaramala jaina / 67 uttarAdhyayanasUtra 16/60-63 /

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338 jainadarzana meM samatvayoga kI sAdhanA hai| isalie kahA gayA hai ki vItarAga puruSa yA samatvayogI indriyoM ke zabda, rUpa, rasa Adi viSayoM meM rAga-dveSa nahIM krtaa| ye viSaya rAgI vyakti ke lie hI duHkha kA kAraNa hote haiN| vItarAgI ke lie duHkha ke kAraNa nahIM hote| vastutaH samatvayogI vahI hai, jo na anukUla ke prati rAga karatA hai aura na pratikUla ke prati dveSa karatA hai| vaha rAga-dveSa aura mohajanya adhyavyasAyoM ko doSa rUpa jAnakara unake prati sadaiva jAgrata rahatA hai aura apanI cetanA ko unase AkrAnta nahIM hone detaa| vastutaH vItarAga puruSa yA samatvayogI vahI hai jisane rAga-dveSa aura moha kA prahANa kara diyA hai| vaha sadaiva samAdhi bhAva meM sthita rahakara saMsAra se mukti ko prApta kara letA hai| isa prakAra hama dekhate haiM ki jainadarzana meM samatvayogI yA vItarAga ke jo lakSaNa kahe gaye haiM, ve hI lakSaNa bauddhadarzana meM arhat aura gItA meM sthitaprajJa ke lakSaNa kahe gaye haiN| jainadarzana kA samatvayogI yA vItarAga, bauddhadarzana kA arhat aura gItA kA sthitaprajJa vastutaH samarUpa hI pratIta hote haiN| tulanAtmaka adhyayana kI dRSTi se hama yahA~ bauddhadarzana ke arhata aura gItA ke sthitaprajJa ke lakSaNoM kA kramazaH varNana kreNge| 5.4 bauddhadarzana arthAt arhat kA svarUpa bauddhadarzana ke arhat ko hama samatvayogI kaha sakate haiM; kyoMki jainadarzana meM jo samatvayogI ke lakSaNa kahe gaye haiM, ve bauddhadarzana ke lakSaNoM se milate haiN| isa sambandha meM DaoN. sAgaramala jaina ne 'jaina, bauddha aura gItA ke AcAradarzanoM kA tulanAtmaka adhyayana' nAmaka grantha ke prathama bhAga meM vistAra se carcA kI hai| hama use hI AdhArabhUta mAnakara yahA~ arhat ke lakSaNoM kA vivecana kreNge| bauddhadarzana meM jIvana kA Adarza arhatAvasthA ko svIkAra kiyA hai| isa arhatAvasthA kA tAtparya tRSNA' yA rAga-dveSa kI vRttiyoM kA pUrNataH kSaya honA hai| bauddhadarzana meM arhat ko sthitAtmA, kevalI, 68 vahI 33/106-110 /

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samatvayoga kA tulanAtmaka adhyayana 336 upazAnta Adi nAmoM se bhI jAnA jAtA hai|66 dhammapada evaM suttanipAta meM arhat ke jIvanAdarza kA nimna vivaraNa upalabdha hotA hai| dhammapada meM arhat-varga meM kahA gayA hai ki "jo pRthvI ke samAna gambhIra ho, jo indra ke stambha ke samAna apane vrata meM acala ho, jisakA citta nirmala ho, jisakI vAsanAe~ zAnta ho gaI hoM, jisakI buddhi samatva kA AcaraNa karatI ho, jo saMyama evaM brahmacarya kA pAlana karatA ho, jisakA vyavahAra pratyeka jIvAtmA ke prati maitrIpUrNa ho, jisane saMsAra arthAt janma-maraNa kA cakra samApta kara diyA ho; aisA vyakti cAhe vaha AbhUSaNoM ko dhAraNa karane vAlA gRhastha hI kyoM na ho - vastutaH vaha zramaNa hai, bhikSuka hai|00 buddha kA pahalA dharmopadeza 'dhammacakkapavattanasutta' meM milatA hai| isameM unhoMne cAra Arya-satyoM ko spaSTa karate hue kahA hai ki "duHkha hai; duHkha kA kAraNa hai; duHkha kA nirodha sambhava hai aura duHkha nirodha kA mArga hai|" / bauddha dharma zramaNa, brAhmaNa yA bhikSu sabake lie samatA ko anivArya mAnatA hai| jo samabhAva meM rahatA hai, saMyama aura brahmacarya kA pAlana karatA hai, zAnta evaM damanazIla hai, jisane daNDa kA tyAga kara rakhA hai; vahI brAhmaNa hai - vahI zramaNa evaM bhikSu hai|' buddha kahate haiM "prANImAtra ko apane samAna jAnakara na to svayaM usako duHkhI karo aura na hI dUsaroM ko duHkha dene kI preraNA do; kyoMki apanA jIvana sabako priya hai evaM daNDa kI mAra se sabhI ghabarAte haiN|" buddha phira Age kahate haiM "jo zarIra ke tyAgane ke pUrva hI tRSNA se rahita ho gayA ho, jisane krodha ko jIta liyA ho, jo 66 'jaina, bauddha aura gItA ke AcAra darzanoM kA tulanAtmaka adhyayana' bhAga 1 pR. 417 / -DaoN. sAgaramala jaina / 100 dhammapada 64-67 / 101 'alaMkato ce pi samaM careyya santo danto niyato brahmacArI / sabvesu bhUteSu nidhAya daNDaM so brAhmaNo samaNo sa bhikkhu / / 142 / / ' -dhammapada / 102 'savve tasanti daMDassa savvesaM jIvanaM piyaM / appANaM upamaM katvA na haneyya na ghAtaye / / ' -vahI /

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340 jainadarzana meM samatvayoga kI sAdhanA Atma-prazaMsA kI apekSA nahIM rakhatA hai, jo garva se rahita hai, jisake vacana saMyamita haiM, jisako priya vastu ke prati koI Asakti nahIM hai aura apriya vastu ke prati koI ghRNA nahIM hai, jo svabhAva se zAnta evaM pratibhAzAlI hai aura jo na to kisI ke prati Asakta hai aura na kisI ke prati udAsa - samabhAva meM rahatA hai; vahI arhat hai|03 5.5 gItA ke sthitaprajJa ke lakSaNa ___vastutaH jise jainadarzana samatvayogI yA vItarAga kahatA hai aura bauddhadarzana meM jise arhata kahA gayA hai, use hI gItA meM sthitaprajJa kahA gayA hai| sthitaprajJa kA tAtparya hai, jisakI prajJA arthAt viveka rAga-dveSa ke AvegoM se vicalita nahIM hotA, jo anukUla-pratikUla paristhitiyoM meM bhI samabhAva rakhatA hai; use hI sthitiprajJa kahate haiN| jisa prakAra nirvAta dazA meM rahI huI dIpaka kI lau vicalita nahIM hotI, usI prakAra jisakI viveka buddhi anukUla-pratikUla saMyogoM meM sama banI rahe; use hI sthitaprajJa kahA jAtA hai|04 gItA ke dUsare evaM bArahaveM adhyAya meM sthitaprajJa ke lakSaNoM kA vistAra se varNana kiyA gayA hai| hama yahA~ use mUla grantha ke AdhAra para prastuta kara rahe haiN| gItA meM zrIkRSNa sthitaprajJa kA lakSaNa batAte hue kahate haiM ki "jaba vyakti mana meM sthita sampUrNa kAmanAoM kA parityAga kara detA hai aura jo 'sva' AtmA kI ramaNatA meM santuSTi mAnatA hai; duHkhoM kI prApti meM bhI jo udvigna nahIM hotA tathA sukhoM ke prati jisake mana meM koI spRhA nahIM hotI; jo rAga-dveSa evaM IrSyA se rahita nirdvandva evaM siddhi asiddhi meM samabhAva se yukta hai; jIvana ke sAmAnya vyApAroM ko karate hue bhI bandhana meM nahIM AtA; jo puruSa sampUrNa kAmanAoM ko tyAgakara mamatA rahita, ahaMkAra rahita aura 103 suttanipAka 48/2-6, 6-10 / 104 'yathA dIpo nivAtastho negate sopamA smRtA / yogino yatacittasya yujato yogamAtmanaH / / 16 / / ' -gItA adhyAya 6 /

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samatvayoga kA tulanAtmaka adhyayana 341 spRhA rahita ho gayA hai - vahI zAnti ko prApta hotA hai|05 jisa puruSa ne apanI indriyoM ko kachue ke samAna sameTa liyA hai, usakI buddhi sthira hotI hai| aisA vyakti sthitaprajJa kahA jAtA hai|06 jaise nAnA nadiyoM kA pAnI samudra meM jAkara samA jAtA hai; vaise hI saba bhoga binA vikAra utpanna kiye jisa sthitaprajJa meM samA jAte haiM; vahI puruSa parama zAnti ko prApta karatA hai|07 vastutaH samatA hI ekatA hai| yahI paramezvara kA svarUpa hai| isameM sthita ho jAne kA nAma hI 'brAhmI sthiti' hai| vaha triguNAtIta, nirvikAra, sthitaprajJa aura yogayukta kahalAtA hai| samatvabhAva se yathArtha bhakti kI upalabdhi hotI hai|08 jo mamatA aura ahaMkAra se rahita sukha-duHkha meM samabhAva rakhanevAlA, kSamAzIla, santuSTa, yogI, yatAtmA aura dRr3hanizcayI hai, jisakA mana aura buddhi paramAtmA meM niyojita hai, jo na kabhI harSita hotA hai, na kabhI dveSa karatA hai, na kAmanA karatA hai tathA zubha-azubha sampUrNa karmoM ke prati phalAsakti ko tyAga cukA hai, jo sabhI dvandvoM meM samabhAva se yukta hai; vahI sthitaprajJa hai|106 105 'prajahAti yadA kAmAn sarvAn pArtha manogatAn / AtmanyevAtmanA tuSTaH sthitaprajJastadocyate / / 55 / / ' - vahI 2 / duHkheSvanudvagnamanAH sukheSu vigataspRhaH / vItarAgabhayakrodhaH sthitadhIrmunirUcyate / / 56 / / ' -vahI / gatasaGgasya muktasya jJAnAvasthitacetasaH / yajJAyAcarataH karma samagraM pravilIyate / / 23 / / ' -vahI adhyAya 4 / vihAyakAmAnyaH sarvAn pumAMzcarati niHspRhaH / nirmamo nirahaGkAraH sa zAntimadhigacchati / / 71 / / ' -vahI adhyAya 2 / 'yadA saMharate cAyaM kUrmo'gAnIva sarvazaH / indriyANIndriyArthebhyastasya prajJA pratiSThitA / / 58 / / ' -vahI / 107 'ApUryamANamacalapratiSThaM samudramApaH pravizanti yadvat / tadvatkAmA yaM pravizanti sarve sa zAntimApnoti na kAmakAmI / / 70 / / ' -vahI / 108 'eSA brahmI sthitiH pArtha nainAM prApya vimuhyati / sthitvAsyAmantakAle'pi, bahmamirvANa mRcchati / / 72 / / ' - gItA adhyAya 2 / 106 'vihAya kAmAnyaH sarvApumAMzcarati niHspRhaH / nirmamo nirahaGkAraH sa zAntimadhigacchati / / 71 / / ' -vhii| 106

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342 jainadarzana meM samatvayoga kI sAdhanA 5.6 tulanAtmaka isa prakAra hama dekhate haiM ki jainadarzana ke samatvayogI yA vItarAga bauddhadarzana ke arhata aura gItA ke sthitaprajJa ke lakSaNoM meM saiddhAntika rUpa se kahIM bhI matabheda nahIM hai| tInoM hI paramparAe~ yaha mAnakara calatI haiM ki jo vyakti jIvana meM AnevAle anukUla-pratikUla saMyogoM meM vicalita nahIM hotA hai; jo mAna-apamAna, lAbha-hAni aura nindA-prazaMsA kI sthitiyoM meM apane samabhAva ko nahIM khotA hai; jo na anukUla saMyogoM ke prati rAga-bhAva rakhatA hai; na unakI AkA~kSA karatA hai aura na pratikUla saMyogoM meM dveSa bhAva rakhakara unase bacane kA prayatna karatA hai; jisakI cittavRtti ko anukUla-pratikUla dazAe~ vicalita nahIM karatI haiM; vahI vastutaH vItarAga, arhat yA sthitaprajJa kahA jAtA hai aura use hI hama samatvayogI kI saMjJA de sakate haiN| samatvayogI yA vItarAga sabhI prANiyoM ko Atmavat samajhakara isa prakAra kA vyavahAra karatA hai ki usake nimitta se kisI bhI prANI ko pIDA yA udvega na ho| isa prakAra vaha apane sAmAjika sambandhoM meM bhI samAyojanapUrNa evaM santulita rahatA hai| usakA citta udvelita nahIM rhtaa| vastutaH jo na rAga karatA hai, na dveSa karatA hai aura na kAmanA karatA hai; vahI samatvayogI hai| jaina, bauddha aura gItA kI paramparAe~ isI samatva kI sthiti ko prApta karane kA sandeza detI haiN|10 / / paMcama adhyAya samApta / / 110 'jaina, bauddha aura gItA ke AcAra darzanoM kA tulanAtmaka adhyayana' bhAga 1 pR. 416-16 / ___-DaoN. sAgaramala jaina /

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adhyAya 6 Adhunika manovijJAna aura samatvayoga Adhunika manovijJAna meM vizeSa rUpa se tathA asAmAnya manovijJAna meM mAnasika vikSobhoM evaM tanAvoM ke svarUpa evaM kAraNoM kA vizleSaNa upalabdha hotA hai| isa sambandha meM vizeSa carcA to asAmAnya manovijJAna ke granthoM meM kI jAtI hai| Adhunika manovijJAna meM tanAva-prabandhana (sTresa menejameNTa) nAmaka eka naI vidhA kA vikAsa huA hai| isa vidhA kA sambandha jainadarzana ke samatvayoga kI sAdhanA se hai| ataH isa sambandha meM yahA~ kucha carcA kreNge| Adhunika manovijJAna ke anusAra jaba vyakti meM icchAoM aura AkAMkSAoM kA stara bahuta adhika hotA hai, jaisA ki isa bhautika upabhoktAvAdI saMskRti meM huA hai, taba vaha unakI pUrti karane meM asamartha hotA hai aura una icchAoM aura AkAMkSAoM ko damita kara apane acetana mana meM DAla detA hai| acetana meM dabI huI ye icchAe~ aura vAsanAe~ usake vyaktitva ko asantulita banA detI haiN| manovaijJAnikoM ke anusAra apUrNa icchAe~ vaiyaktika asAmAnyatAoM ko janma detI haiN| pariNAmasvarUpa vyakti kI Atmika zAnti arthAt samatva bhaMga ho jAtA hai| aisA vyakti bAhya pariveza se santulana banAne meM asamartha hotA hai| vaha sadaiva udvigna banA rahatA hai| manovaijJAnikoM ne isake pariNAmoM kI carcA karate hue yaha batAyA hai ki asantulita vyakti na kevala apane pariveza ke sAtha sAmanjasya banAne meM asaphala rahatA hai, apitu usameM hIna bhAvagranthi yA zreSTha bhAvagranthi kA vikAsa hotA hai| isa prakAra vaha yathArtha se apanA mukha mor3a letA hai| isa prakAra hama dekhate haiM ki icchAoM yA AkAMkSAoM ke ati ucca stara ke pariNAmasvarUpa vyakti ke jIvana meM vikSobhoM aura tanAvoM kA janma hotA hai| manovaijJAnika ina vikSobhoM aura tanAvoM ke pariNAmoM ko spaSTa karate hue yaha batAte

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344 jainadarzana meM samatvayoga kI sAdhanA haiM ki vikSobhoM ke pariNAmasvarUpa vyakti ke vyavahAra meM asAmAnyatA kA vikAsa hotA hai| usakA jIvana vyavahAra avyavasthita bana jAtA hai| sAtha hI tanAvoM ke pariNAmasvarUpa usakA mAnasika santulana bhaMga hotA hai| vaha ati sAMvegika bana jAtA hai| usake manobhAva asantulita ho jAte haiN| cintA, viSAda Adi use sadaiva ghere rahate haiN| isa prakAra ke vyakti Adhunika manovijJAna meM asAmAnya kahe jAte haiM evaM jainadarzana kI dRSTi meM mithyAdRSTi athavA samabhAva rahita mAne jAte haiN| jJAtavya hai ki jainadarzana meM samyagdarzana kA AdhAra samatva hI hai| cittavRtti kA samatva samyagdarzana kA mUla hai| samyagdarzana ke pAMca lakSaNoM meM prathama lakSaNa 'sama' hai| jo samatva yA samabhAva se rahita hai, use hI jainadarzana mithyAdRSTi kahatA hai| vyakti ke vyaktitva meM asAmAnyatA yA avyavasthA kA mUlabhUta kAraNa to usakI icchAoM aura AkAkSAoM kA ucca stara hI hotA hai| kintu kabhI-kabhI bAhya parivezagata tathya bhI vyakti ke vyavahAra ko asAmAnya banA detA hai| vastutaH isa saba ke pIche paristhitiyoM kI samyak samajha kA abhAva hotA hai| vyakti apanI kSamatA evaM paristhiti kA vicAra na karake apanI icchAoM-AkAMkSAoM ke stara meM vRddhi kara unakI pUrti cAhatA hai aura jaba usameM asaphala rahatA hai; to manogranthiyoM kI racanA karake eka asAmAnya vyakti bana jAtA hai| udAharaNa ke rUpa meM eka nirdhana vyakti kAra evaM baMgale kI AkA~kSA rakhe aura bAhya paristhitiyoM athavA apanI akSamatAoM ke kAraNa usameM saphala na ho, to pariNAmasvarUpa usameM dhanavAnoM ke prati ghRNA yA dveSa kI granthi kA vikAsa hogA; jisase na kevala usakA mAnasika santulana bhaMga hogA, apitu sAmAjika jIvana bhI azAnta bnegaa|| __ jainadarzana ke anusAra mithyA dRSTikoNa ke kAraNa rAga-dveSa kA janma hotA hai| phalataH anukUla aura pratikUla paristhitiyoM meM vyakti samatva nahIM rakha pAtA hai| usakA mAnasika santulana vikRta ho jAtA hai, jisase manovikRtiyoM kA janma hotA hai aura ve manovikRtiyA~ punaH mAnasika vikSobhoM aura tanAvoM ko janma detI haiN| isa prakAra ina vikSobhoM aura tanAvoM ke utpanna hone ke kAraNa vaiyaktika aura sAmAjika donoM hI prakAra ke hote haiN| Age hama inakI carcA kreNge|

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Adhunika manovijJAna aura samatvayoga 345 6.1 vikSobhoM aura tanAvoM ke manovaijJAnika evaM vaiyaktika kAraNa ___ mAnasika vikSobhoM aura tanAvoM ke vaiyaktika kAraNoM meM sabase pramukha kAraNa to vyakti meM samyak samajha (samyagdRSTikoNa) kA abhAva hotA hai| vyakti jaba taka apanI yogyatAoM aura paristhitiyoM ko samyak prakAra se nahIM samajhatA hai, taba taka vaha apane aura apanI paristhitiyoM ke madhya sAmanjasya sthApita nahIM kara paataa| apanI kSamatA aura paristhitiyoM kA samyak bodha na hone se hI vaha apanI icchAoM aura vAsanAoM ke adhIna hokara apanI AkAMkSAoM kA eka bahuta hI ucca stara banA letA hai, jisakI prApti usakI vaiyaktika kSamatAoM kI kamI ke kAraNa asambhava hotI hai| jaise koI vyakti apanI yogyatA kA vicAra kiye binA hI bhArata ke rASTrapati hone kA svapna sNjole| binA apanI kSamatA yA yogyatA kA vicAra kiye hue jo vyakti bar3e-bar3e svapna saMjo letA hai; vaha usameM asaphala hone ke kAraNa vikRta mAnasikatA ko janma detA hai| ataH hama kaha sakate haiM ki vikSobhoM aura tanAvoM ke utpanna hone kA vaiyaktika yA manovaijJAnika kAraNa svayaM kI kSamatAoM aura paristhitiyoM kA samyak Akalana nahIM kara pAnA hI hai| AkAMkSAoM yA icchAoM kA stara jitanA U~cA hogA; asaphalatAoM kI sambhAvanA bhI utanI adhika hogI aura asaphalatAe~ hI hamAre vyaktitva ko visantulita karane kA kAraNa banatI haiN| yadi vyakti ko vikSobhoM aura tanAvoM se bacanA hai to use apanI kSamatA aura apanI paristhiti donoM kA samyak Akalana karanA hogaa| jainadarzana meM ise samyagdarzana kahate haiN| samyagdarzana kA tAtparya hai jIvana aura jagat ke sambandha meM samyak smjh| jainadarzana kI bhASA meM kaheM to jaba taka vyakti ke jIvana meM samyagdarzana kA vikAsa nahIM hotA taba taka vaha apanI icchAoM-AkAMkSAoM ke adhIna rahatA hai - manovaijJAnika dRSTi se vikSobhoM aura tanAvoM se grasta rahatA hai| eka anya dRSTi se vicAra kareM to vyakti kI damita icchAe~ aura vAsanAe~ hI caitasika stara para usake asantulana kA kAraNa hotI haiN| isIlie jainadarzana meM kahA gayA hai ki jaba taka samyagdarzana nahIM hotA; taba taka vyakti

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346 jainadarzana meM samatvayoga kI sAdhanA kA jJAna aura AcaraNa samyak nahIM hotA hai| ataH jainadarzana kI dRSTi se vikSobhoM yA tanAvoM kA vaiyaktika kAraNa vyakti meM apanI kSamatAoM aura paristhitiyoM kI samyak samajha kA abhAva hI hai| 6.2 vikSobhoM aura tanAvoM ke sAmAjika kAraNa vyakti ke jIvana meM vikSobhoM yA tanAvoM kA janma na kevala usake apane vyaktitva ke kAraNa hotA hai, kintu usake kucha bAhya paristhitijanya sAmAjika kAraNa bhI hote haiN| sAmAjika pariveza bhI kabhI-kabhI mAnasika tanAvoM yA vikSobhoM ko janma dete haiN| udAharaNa ke rUpa meM samAja meM jaba bhogavAdI saMskRti kA vikAsa hotA hai, to vyakti meM bhI icchAoM AkAMkSAoM kA stara Upara uTha jAtA hai| udAharaNa ke rUpa meM jaba bhI sukha suvidhA kI naI-naI vastu bAjAra meM AtI hai, to vyakti apanI Arthika kSamatA kA vicAra kiye binA unakI ora AkarSita hotA hai| usameM unako pAne kI balavatI icchA janma letI hai| kintu apanI Arthika kSamatA ke abhAva ke kAraNa vaha usakI pUrti karane meM asaphala hotA hai athavA anaitika sAdhanoM ke dvArA usakI pUrti kA prayatna karatA hai| anaitika AcaraNa ke kAraNa usakI antarAtmA use kacoTatI hai| yaha saba usameM vikSobhoM aura tanAvoM ko janma detA hai| vyakti yathArtha aura Adarza kA samyak santulana nahIM banA pAtA hai| kabhI-kabhI samAja meM aise AdarzoM kA nirmANa ho jAtA hai, jise vaiyaktika jIvana meM aura sama sAmAyika paristhitiyoM meM pUrA karanA sambhava nahIM hotaa| isase bhI vyakti meM hIna bhAvanA kI granthi kA vikAsa hotA hai aura vaha manovaijJAnika dRSTi se asantulita bana jAtA hai| sAmAjika AdarzoM aura mUlyoM kI saMracanA bhI vyakti aura usakI paristhitiyoM ko dhyAna meM rakha kara hI kI jAnI caahie| kabhI-kabhI samAja dvArA ayogya vyakti ko diyA gayA ati ucca Adara bhI vyakti ke tanAvoM aura vikSobhoM kA kAraNa banatA hai| isa prakAra vikSobhoM aura tanAvoM kA kAraNa na kevala vyakti hotA hai, apitu samAja yA bAhya paristhitiyA~ bhI hotI haiN| udAharaNa ke rUpa meM AtaMkavAdiyoM kI upasthiti vyakti ke vaiyaktika aura sAmAjika santulana yA zAMti ko bhaMga karatI hai| ve

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Adhunika manovijJAna aura samatvayoga ucca jIvana-stara kI andhI daur3a bhI hamAre caitasika samatva bhaMga karatI hai| isa prakAra vikSobhoM aura tanAvoM ko janma dene meM sAmAjika kAraNoM kA bhI mahattvapUrNa sthAna rahA huA hai I vyakti meM mAnasika asantulana se dvandva kA janma hotA hai / manovijJAna kI bhASA meM vyakti ke yathArtha aura Adarza ke madhya asantulana utpanna hotA hai / vyakti meM eka arntadvandva calatA hai / isa arntadvandva kI sthiti meM samatvayoga kI sAdhanA sambhava nahIM hotI / ye antardvanda kyoM aura kitane prakAra ke hote haiM? isakI kI carcA DaoN. surendra varmA ne apane lekha 'dvandva aura dvandva nivAraNa' meM kI hai / Age hama usI AdhAra para inakI vistRta carcA kareMge / dvandva ko vibhinna dRSTikoNoM se dekhA jA sakatA hai| manovijJAna mUlataH do vRttiyoM ke bIca saMgharSa kI sthiti ko dvandva ke rUpa meM svIkAra karatA hai; to samAjazAstra dvandva ke do pakSoM ke bIca virodha mAnatA hai| rAjanIti meM dvandva (saMgharSa) ko sazastra yuddha athavA zItayuddha ke rUpa meM mAnA jAtA hai / phAdara bulke ke hindI-aMgrejI zabda koSa meM bhI kaMphlikTa (conflict) ke tIna artha milate haiM : 2. saMgharSa; aura 3. dvandva yA virodha / ' I 1. yuddha; prAcIna bhAratIya darzana meM hameM dvandva aura dvandva ke nirAkaraNa kI avadhAraNA upalabdha hotI hai / jahA~ taka jainadarzana kA prazna hai; usane dvandva ke sthAna para dvandva nirAkaraNa para bala diyA hai| vastutaH jIvana kA lakSya yA parama sAdhya yuddha, saMgharSa yA dvandva nahIM hai, apitu usakA nirAkaraNa hai / jIvana kA lakSya jIvana se haTakara nahIM ho sktaa| jIvana ke sambandha meM do dRSTiyA~ rahI haiN| eka jaivika dRSTi aura dUsarI AdhyAtmika dRSTi / jaivika dRSTi se hama dekhate haiM ki jIvana eka aisI prakriyA hai jo sadaiva hI pariveza ke prati kriyAzIla hai / jIvana kI yaha kriyAzIlatA santulana banAe rakhane kA prayAsa hai / DaoN. rAdhAkRSNan ne bhI jIvana ko gatizIla yA santulita batAyA hai / spensara ke anusAra pariveza meM nihita tathya dekhiye 'hindI aMgrejI - koza' pR. 448 zabda 'dvandva' | 2 'Outlines of Zoology' pR. 21 / 9 3 347 'jIvana kI AdhyAtmika dRSTi' pR. 251 / -kAmila bulke / -DaoN. rAdhAkRSNana /

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348 jainadarzana meM samatvayoga kI sAdhanA jIvana ke santulana yA samatva ko bhaMga karate rahate haiM; kintu jIvana punaH kriyAzIlatA dvArA santulana banAne kA prayAsa karatA hai| yahI jIvana kI prakriyA hai| isa sambandha meM jainadarzana kA kahanA hai ki jIvana kI kriyAzIlatA ke sAtha samatva ko banAye rakhane kA prayAsa karanA adhika ucita hai| jainadarzana ne jIvana kA parama lakSya samatva, santulana, samabhAva yA sAmAyika ko hI svIkAra kiyA hai| __ jainadarzana meM dvandva vA~chanIya sthiti nahIM, apitu nirAkaraNIya hai| dvandva jIvana kA yathArtha to hai, kintu Adarza nahIM hai| Adhunika dRSTikoNa ke anusAra dvandva na to apane Apa meM zubha hai na ashubh| usake pariNAma hI use zubha aura azubha banAte haiN| racanAtmaka dRSTi se dvandva ko eka aise avasara ke rUpa meM dekhA jA sakatA hai, jo vyakti/samAja ke vikAsa aura sRjanAtmakatA ke lie sahAyaka hai| dvandva vyakti ko karma ke lie prerita karane vAlA tatva hai| jainadarzana karmoM ko kSayakara mukti kI prApti ke lie hai| isalie karmoM kA bandhana karane vAle tatva jainadarzana meM zubha nahIM mAne jA skte| dvandva yadi karma ko prerita karatA hai, to vaha zubha nahIM hai| adhyAtma zAstra ke anusAra jIvana na to janma hai aura na mRtyu| jIvana to jAgRti hai - cetanA hai| vaiyaktika dRSTi se ise hI jIva kahate haiM arthAta yahI AtmA hai| jIvana cetana tatva kI santulita zakti hai| cetanA jIvana hai aura jIvana kA kArya hai samatva ko banAye rkhnaa| dUsare zabdoM meM samatva meM sthita rahanA hI cetanA kA svAbhAvika guNa hai| AtmA prabhu aura svayambhU hai, vaha kisI ke adhIna nahIM hai| jisake dvArA jAnA jAtA hai, vahI AtmA hai| pratyeka AtmA apane zarIra kI svayaM mAlika hai| vaha acche-bure karmoM ke lie svayaM - 4 'pharsTa prinsIpals' pR. 66 / -spensr| 5 Idealistic view of life' pR. 167 / -DaoN. rAdhAkRSNana / 6 kaiTsa aura laoNyara pR. 10 / 7 'jaina, bauddha tathA gItA ke AcAradarzanoM kA tulanAtmA adhyayana' bhAga 1 pR. 406 / ___-DaoN. sAgaramala jaina / 8 AcArAMgasUtra 1/5/5/166 /

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Adhunika manovijJAna aura samatvayoga 346 uttaradAyI hai| santa AnandaghanajI kahate haiM ki AtmA hI karmoM kA kartA aura bhoktA hai| karmaphala ke do rUpa haiM : (1) sukharUpa; aura (2) duHkhHruup| AtmA ke anukUla saMvedanA (anubhava) honA sukharUpa karmaphala hai aura AtmA ke pratikUla saMvedanA honA duHkh-ruup| vAstava meM nizcayanaya kI apekSA se to zubhAzubha karmoM kA sukha-duHkha rUpa pratipala kA saMvedana AtmA ke svasvabhAva se bhinna hai; kyoMki sukha-duHkha pudgala kI avasthA ke nimitta hote haiN| AtmA to kevala unakI sAkSI hai| vaha to mAtra darzaka hai| vastutaH jaba AtmA ina bAhya tatvoM se prabhAvita hotI hai to vaha asantulita hotI hai; usakA samatva bhaMga hotA hai aura citta meM atadvandva yA dvandva kA janma hotA hai| ___ manovaijJAnika dRSTi se jaba cetana-jIvana kA vizleSaNa karate haiM to hameM usake tIna pakSa milate haiM : (1) jAnanA (Knowing); (2) anubhava karanA (Feeling); aura (3) icchA karanA (Willing) / dUsare zabdoM meM jJAna, anubhava tathA icchA (saMkalpa) - ye tInoM cetanA ke tIna pahalU haiN| inake kAraNa hI jIvana meM vividha caitasika avasthAoM kI abhivyakti hotI hai| cetana jIvana kA lakSya jJAna, anubhUti aura icchA (saMkalpa) kI kSamatAoM ke vikAsa ke rUpa meM parilakSita hotA hai| jainadarzana ke anusAra jIvana kI prakriyA samatva ke saMsthApana kA prayatna hai tathA cetanA ke jJAnAtmaka, anubhUtyAtmaka aura saMkalpanAtmaka pakSoM kA samatva kI dizA meM vikAsa karanA hai|" (ka) 'sukha-duHkha rUpa karama phala jAno, nizcaya eka Anando re cetanatA pariNAma na cUke, cetana kahe jinacando re / ' -Anandaghana granthAvalI (vAsupUjya jina stavana) / (kha) 'appA kattA vikattA ya, duhANa ya suhANa ya / appA mittamamittaM ca duSpaTThiya-supaTThiyo / / 37 / / ' -uttarAdhyayana adhyAya 20 / 10 Anandaghana kA rahasyavAda pR. 177 / 17 'jaina, bauddha tathA gItA ke AcAradarzanoM kA tulanAtmaka adhyayana' bhAga 1 pR. 406 / -DaoN sAgaramala jaina /

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350 jainadarzana meM samatvayoga kI sAdhanA samayasAra nATaka meM banArasIdAsajI ne kahA hai ki jJAna-cetanA mukti-bIja hai aura karma-cetanA saMsAra kA bIja hai| lekina isI cetanA ke sthAna para jainadarzana meM 'upayoga' zabda kA bhI prayoga upalabdha hotA hai| tattvArthasUtra meM bhI upayoga (cetanA) ke do prakAra batAye gae haiM : (1) jJAnAtmaka (jJAnopayoga); aura (2) anubhUtyAtmaka (drshnopyog)| . DaoN. kalaghATagI ne upayoga zabda meM cetanA ke jJAnAtmaka, anubhUtyAtmaka aura saMkalpAtmaka, ina tInoM hI pakSoM ko samAhita kiyA hai| vastutaH Adarza jIvana kI dRSTi se AtmA ke ina tInoM pakSoM meM santulana Avazyaka hai| pro. sinhA ne bhI AtmA meM ina tInoM pakSoM ke santulana ko Avazyaka mAnA hai| kyoMki isa santulana ke abhAva meM citta kA samatva bhaMga hotA hai| samatva ko banAye rakhane ke lie viveka kI AvazyakatA hotI hai| jahA~ cetanA yA AtmA hai, vahA~ viveka avazyambhAvI hotA hai| aisA koI prANI nahIM hogA, jisameM mUlataH viveka kA abhAva hogaa| jainadarzana kahatA hai ki viveka-kSamatA to sabhI meM hai, lekina pratyeka prANI meM viveka kI yogyatA samAna nahIM hai| tanAva yA dvandvagrasta prANI meM viveka-kSamatA to hai, kintu usakA upayoga karane kI yogyatA nahIM hai| dUsare zabdoM meM viveka kA astitva sabhI meM hai, lekina usakA prakaTana sabhI meM samAna rUpa se sambhava nahIM hai| jainadarzana ke anusAra AtmA meM nihita viveka-zakti kA samyak upayoga nahIM karanA hI tanAva aura dvandva kA sabase bar3A kAraNa hai| jaba AtmA meM viveka-kSamatA kA vikAsa hotA hai; taba isa dvandva kA nirAkaraNa karake samatva sthApita hotA hai| cetanA kA dUsarA upayoga darzanopayoga hai| jaba taka vyakti meM 12 'jJAna jIva kI sajagatA, karma jIva kI bhUla / / jJAna mokSa kau aMkura hai, karma jagat ko mUla / / 85 / / jJAna cetanA ke jage, pragaTai kevalarAma / karma cetanA maiM basai, karma-bandha parinAma / / 86 // ' 13 tattvArthasUtra 2/6 / * 'Some Problems in Jain Psychology' Page 4. -samayasAra nATaka adhyAya 10 / -Dr. Kalghatgi.

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Adhunika manovijJAna aura samatvayoga 351 anubhUtyAtmaka kSamatA nahIM hotI, taba taka samyak samajha sambhava nahIM hogii| samatva kI sAdhanA ke kSetra meM isakI antima pariNati nirvikalpa samAdhi (zukladhyAna) meM yA Atma-sAkSAtkAra meM mAnI gaI hai| cetanA kA tIsarA pakSa saMkalpAtmaka mAnA gayA hai| ise AtmanirNaya kI zakti bhI kaha sakate haiN| yadi AtmA meM AtmanirNaya kI kSamatA nahIM mAnI jAyegI, to uttaradAyitva kI vyAkhyA sambhava nahIM hogii| AtmanirNaya kI zakti samatva jIvana ke lie Avazyaka hai| usake abhAva meM AtmA asantulita bana jaayegii| _ isa prakAra hama dekhate haiM ki jainadarzana meM upayoga (cetanA) lakSaNa ke arntagata jJAnopayoga ke rUpa meM viveka-kSamatA, darzanopayoga ke rUpa meM mulyAtmaka anubhUti kI kSamatA yA samyak samajha aura saMkalpa kI daSTi se AtmanirNaya (saMkalpa) kI zakti ko svIkAra kiyA gayA hai| ananta catuSTaya kI dRSTi se AtmA kI ye tInoM zaktiyA~ anantajJAna, anantadarzana aura anantavIrya ke arntagata vidyamAna haiN| ye AtmA ke svalakSaNa haiN| isase hI AtmA ko tanAva evaM dvandva se Upara uThane kI dizA milatI hai aura inhIM se AtmA samatva meM sthira raha sakatI hai| vyakti apane vAsanAtmaka aura bauddhika pakSa ke madhya hone vAle antardvandva samApta karake jIvana ko santulita banAkara usakA nirmANa karatA hai| samatvayoga kI sAdhanA ke vikAsa kA itihAsa yahI batAtA hai ki jisake dvArA vaiyaktika evaM sAmAjika sukha evaM zAnti kI upalabdhi ho sake; cittavRtti bAhya jIvana se haTakara samatvayoga meM sthira yA antarmukhI bana sake; vahI samatvayoga kI sAdhanA hai| phira bhI mAnavIya jIvana meM tIna prakAra ke saMgharSa samatva ko bhaMga karate rahate haiM : (1) manovRttiyoM kA Antarika saMgharSa : yaha saMgharSa do vAsanAoM yA vAsanA evaM bauddhika AdarzoM ke madhya calatA rahatA hai| yaha caitasika asantulana ko janma dekara Antarika zAnti bhaMga karatA hai| Adhunika manovijJAna kI dRSTi se hamAre iDa (Id) aura supara igo (Super ego) meM yaha saMgharSa calatA rahatA hai| (2) vyakti kI Antarika abhirUciyoM aura bAhya paristhitiyoM kA saMgharSa : yaha vyakti aura usake bhautika pariveza, vyakti aura

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352 jainadarzana meM samatvayoga kI sAdhanA vyakti ke madhya athavA vyakti aura samAja ke madhya calatA rahatA hai tathA kupravRttiyoM ko janma dekara vyakti kI jIvana-praNAlI dUSita banAtA hai tathA usake samabhAva yA samatva ko bhaMga karatA hai| (3) bAhya vAtAvaraNa ke madhya hone vAle saMgharSa : ye vividha samAjoM evaM rASTroM ke madhya hote haiN| inake kAraNa bAhya evaM Antarika zAnti bhaMga ho jAtI hai aura asurakSA ke bhAva kA janma hotA hai| DaoN. sAgaramala jaina ne dvandva yA saMgharSa ke uparokta tIna prakAroM kI carcA kI hai| DaoN surendra varmA ne apane lekha 'dvandva aura dvandva nivAraNa' meM manovaijJAnika aura samAjazAstrIya AdhAra meM dvandvoM ke vibhinna rUpoM kA vargIkaraNa isa prakAra kiyA hai : / (1) Antaravaiyaktika dvandva : Antaravaiyaktika dvandva mAnasika yA manovaijJAnika dvandva hai| isa prakAra ke dvandva ko vyakti apanI paraspara virodhI yA asaMgata icchAoM/vRttiyoM ke bIca anubhava karatA hai| udAharaNa ke lie jaba vyakti apanI icchA kI santuSTi cAhatA hai aura itara kAraNoM se yadi use santuSTa nahIM kara pAtA hai, taba vaha aise dvandva yA saMgharSa meM pha~sa jAtA hai| aise mAnasika yA manovaijJAnika dvandva citta ko udvelita karate rahate haiN| jisase vyakti Antarika rUpa se TUTa jAtA hai| vaha samyak prakAra se soca nahIM pAtA hai| (2) sAmudAyika dvandva : vyakti aura samUha ke bIca jo dvandva hotA hai, use sAmudAyika dvandva kahA jAtA hai| (3) antara-sAmudAyika dvandva : do samudAyoM ke bIca jo dvandva hotA hai; vaha antara-sAmudAyika dvandva hai| (4) saMgaThanAtmaka dvandva : vyakti aura jisa saMgaThana meM vyakti kArya karatA hai, usake bIca jo saMgharSa hotA hai; vaha saMgaThanAtmaka dvandva hai| (5) antara-saMgaThanAtmaka dvandva : do saMgaThanoM ke madhya jo dvandva hote haiM; ve antara-saMgaThanAtmaka dvandva haiN| (6) sAmpradAyika dvandva : do sampradAyoM ke bIca ke dvandva ko 15 'jaina, bauddha tathA gItA ke AcAra darzanoM kA tulanAtmaka adhyayana' bhAga 1 pR. 407 / -DaoN. sAgaramala jaina /

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Adhunika manovijJAna aura samatvayoga 16 sAmpradAyika dvandva kahate haiM / ' ye sabhI dvandva yA virodha do pakSoM ke viparIta hita-ahita ke kAraNa hote haiM / kintu mUla meM kahIM tyAga buddhi kA abhAva aura svArtha-sAdhanA kI pramukhatA hI hotI hai / jainadarzana meM dvandva ke ina sabhI staroM kA kramazaH vivecana nahIM miltaa| jainadarzana ne antaravaiyaktika dvandva ko hI atyadhika prAthamikatA dI hai| kyoMki vyakti ke antara meM dvandva hogA, to hI bAhara dvandvoM kA prakaTana sambhava hogA / zAnta mAnasa meM dvandva kA janma nahIM hotA hai / jainadarzana meM dvandva ke do AyAma milate haiM: (1) Antarika dvandva; aura (2) bAhya dvandva / jainadarzana kahatA hai ki jisane apanI AtmA para vijaya prApta karalI hai, jo vibhAva dazA se haTakara svabhAva dazA meM A gayA hai, samatva meM avasthita ho gayA hai; vahI AtmA ke zAzvat sukha arthAt mukti ko prApta karatA hai / bhagavAna mahAvIra ne isIlie kahA thA ki bAhya yuddha to kevala nimitta mAtra hai; yuddha karanA hai to apane Apa se karo / vastutaH apanI AtmA para vijaya prApta karanA hI kaThina hai / jisa vyakti ne Antarika dvandva ko utpanna karane vAlI kaSAyoM kI caukar3I samApta karalI hai, usake bAhya dvandva svataH hI samApta ho jAte haiN| adhyAtma aura bAhya vyavahAra kI ekarUpatA hI jainadarzana kA mUlabhUta siddhAnta hai / kahA gayA hai ki jo vyakti adhyAtma ko jAnatA hai, vaha bAhya ko bhI jAna letA hai / " isI prakAra jo vyakti bAhya ko jAnatA hai, vaha adhyAtma ko bhI jAna letA hai / 17 isa prakAra hama dekhate haiM ki bAhya dvandvoM ke dvandva haiM aura Antarika dvandvoM ke nimitta bAhya donoM kI samyak samajha kA vikAsa nahIM hogA, taba taka dvandvoM se Upara nahIM uThA jA sakatA hai 1 mUla meM Antarika tathya haiM / jaba taka 16 353 919 'dvandva aura dvandva nivAraNa' zramaNa patrikA - akTo. - disambara 1666 pR. 1-13 / AcArAMgasUtra 1/7/57 / - DaoN. surendra varmA /

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354 jainadarzana meM samatvayoga kI sAdhanA pratyeka vyakti ke jIvana kA lakSya hamezA yahI rahanA cAhie ki vaha jIvana meM asantulana, kupoSaNa aura avyavasthA ko samApta kara eka vikasita, santulita, suniyojita evaM vyavasthita jIvana praNAlI kA nirmANa kare aura mAnava samAja kI saMracanA meM sahAyaka ho ske| vaha samAja meM samatA ko sthApita kara sake aura ina saMgharSoM se mukta hokara svayaM jIvana ke antima lakSya samatva ko prApta kara sake; jisase Antarika manovRttiyoM kA saMgharSa, Antarika icchAoM aura unakI pUrti ke bAhya prayAsoM kA saMgharSa aura usake pariNAmasvarUpa hone vAle samAjagata evaM rASTragata saMgharSa svayaM hI samApta ho jaaye| jIvana kA santulana jIvana ke andara hI nihita hai| use bAhara khojanA pravaMcanA hai| saMgharSa nahIM samatva hI mAnavIya jIvana kA Adarza ho sakatA hai aura samatva taba hI sambhava hai, jaba jIvana meM dvandva samApta ho| vijJAna ke anusAra bhI jIvana kA Adarza yA svabhAva samatva hI siddha hotA hai; kyoMki svabhAva kA nirAkaraNa sambhava nahIM hai| dvandvAtmaka bhautikavAda ke anusAra manuSya ke svabhAva meM saMgharSa hai aura pUrA mAnavIya itihAsa varga-saMgharSa kI kahAnI hai| lekina yaha satya nahIM hai; kyoMki saMgharSa ke nirAkaraNa ke lie prayatna kiye jAte haiM aura jisakA nirAkaraNa kiyA jAtA hai, vaha svabhAva nahIM hai| hameM isa saMgharSa kA nirAkaraNa karane ke lie samatva rUpI auSadhi grahaNa karanI pdd'egii| saMgharSa yA dvandva kA itihAsa svabhAva kA itihAsa nahIM, balki vibhAva kA itihAsa hai| mAnava kA mUla svabhAva dvandva yA saMgharSa nahIM, varan saMgharSa kA nirAkaraNa kara samatva kI avasthA kI prApti hai| ye mAnavIya prayAsa yugoM se cale A rahe haiN| isI kAraNa saccA itihAsa varga-saMgharSa kI kahAnI nahIM - saMgharSoM ke nirAkaraNa kI kahAnI hai| jIvana meM samatva se vicalana hotA rahatA hai| lekina yaha vicalana jIvana kA svabhAva nahIM hai| jIvana kI prakriyA saMgharSa yA dvandva kA nirAkaraNa karake samatva meM avasthita honA hai| rAga-dveSa, vAsanA, Asakti, vitarka Adi jIvana ko asantulita banAkara tanAva utpanna karate haiN| na kevala jainadarzana ina vikAroM ko azubha mAnatA hai; varan sampUrNa bhAratIyadarzana bhI ise azubha svIkAra karatA hai| ye jIvana kA sAdhya nahIM bana skte| jIvana kA sAdhya samatva

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Adhunika manovijJAna aura samatvayoga 355 hI bana sakatA hai| ataH samatva zubha hai aura ye viSamatAe~ azubha haiN| samatva kA sRjana vItarAgadazA yA anAsakti ke bhAva karate haiN| jIvana meM samatva ko asantulita karane kA eka kAraNa vAtAvaraNa bhI hai| vAtAvaraNa bhI vyakti ko prabhAvita karatA hai| zuddha, nirmala vAtAvaraNa meM vyakti kA citta santulita yA samatvamaya banA rahatA hai| _ jainadarzana ke sAtha-sAtha anya bhAratIya darzanoM ke anusAra bhI jIvana kA lakSya samatva meM hI nihita hai| samatvapUrNa jIvana hI Adarza jIvana hai| jainadarzana meM pUrNa samatva kI isa dazA ko vItarAga dazA kahA jAtA hai| gItA isI pUrNa samatva kI sthiti ko sthitaprajJatA kahatI hai; jabaki bauddhadarzana meM ise arhatAvasthA kahA jAtA hai| jainadarzana meM jIvana kA Adarza AdhyAtmika samatva hI hai| ___ dvandva yA saMgharSa nivAraNa ke upAyoM meM jainadarzana samatva yA sAmAyika ko mahattvapUrNa batAtA hai| jahA~ dvandva yA saMgharSa hai; vahA~ virodha hai, rAga-dveSa hai| jahA~ samatva yA samabhAva hai; vahA~ dvandva samApta ho jAte haiN| ___dvandva pArasparika virodha ko abhivyakta karatA hai; jaise zIta-uSNa, sukha-duHkha, mAna-apamAna, lAbha-alAbha, iSTa-aniSTa, janma-maraNa, saMyoga-viyoga aadi| aisI paraspara virodhI sthitiyoM ke binA dvandva sambhava nahIM hotaa| do virodhI avasthAoM yA daloM ke bIca dvandva kI sthiti tabhI banatI hai, jaba vyakti ke citta kA samatva bhaMga hotA hai| bhAratIya darzanoM kA lakSya sukha-zAnti kI upalabdhi hai, kintu sukha-zAnti yugma hokara eka dUsare ke paraspara virodhI nahIM haiM; apitu pUraka haiN| ye kabhI bhI dvandvAtmaka sthiti ko pradarzita nahIM karate kyoMki inameM virodha nahIM hai| ataH pUraka yugma nahIM, virodhI-yugma hI dvandva kA hetu hai| dvandva ke nivAraNa ke lie yadi hama usake virodha ko samyaka prakAra se jAnaleM aura samajhaleM, to dvandva vahIM samApta ho sakatA hai| usakA Age vikAsa nahIM ho sktaa| bhagavAna mahAvIra ne dvandva ko samyak prakAra se jAna liyA thaa| unhoMne mAna-apamAna, harSa-viSAda, lAbha-alAbha, maitrI-amaitrI aura anukUla-pratikUla paristhitiyoM meM samabhAva rakhA thaa| dvandvAtmaka sthitiyoM ke prati ve svayaM jAgrata rahate aura dUsaroM ko jAgrata rahane ke lie protsAhita krte| ve kahate the ki "ajJAnI sadA sote haiM aura jJAnI sadA jAgrata rahate haiN| jo

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356 jainadarzana meM samatvayoga kI sAdhanA dvandva, saMgharSa, yuddha yA virodha se Upara uTha gaye haiM; aise jAgrata vyakti hI vastutaH vIra haiM, samatvayogI haiN|" ___yadi vyakti meM apane lAbha kI icchA aura dUsaroM ko hAni pahu~cAne kA bhAva ho; to dvandva kI sthiti nirmita ho jAtI hai| kintu yadi vyakti rAga-dveSa yA lAbha-alAbha se Upara uThakara samabhAva kI sthiti meM rahatA hai; to dvandva kA nirmANa nahIM ho sktaa| kintu jaba vyakti ekAMgI dRSTikoNa arthAt dUsare kI hAni meM apanA lAbha dekhatA hai; to dvandva kA zikAra ho jAtA hai| jainadarzana ne sadaiva hI ekAMgI dRSTi kA khaNDana kiyA hai aura ekAMgI dRSTi ke tyAga meM hI dvandva kA nirAkaraNa mAnA hai| dvandva kI sthiti meM citta meM sadaiva koI na koI udvega utpanna hote rahate haiN| ina udvegoM ke pariNAmasvarUpa citta vikala yA udvelita banA rahatA hai| yaha eka manovaijJAnika satya hai| manovijJAna yaha mAnatA hai ki jaba taka citta meM icchA, AkAMkSA aura vAsanA jIvita rahatI hai; vaha hamAre mAnasika santulana arthAt samatva ko bhaMga karatI rahatI hai| isIlie vikSobhoM aura tanAvoM se makta hone ke lie icchAoM va AkAMkSAoM se Upara uThanA hogA aura paristhitiyoM ke sAtha samarasa hokara eka aisA jIvana jIne kA prayAsa karanA hogA, jisameM citta vikalatAoM se rahita bana ske| isa sthiti ko upalabdha karane ke lie vyakti ko bhUta aura bhaviSya meM jIne kI pravRtti ko chor3akara vartamAna meM jIne kA abhyAsa karanA hogaa| jainadarzana ke anusAra pUrva karma ke udaya ke nimitta se aura jaisA jJAniyoM ne jJAna meM dekhA hai; vaisA ghaTita hotA hai| jaba isa prakAra kI jIvana dRSTi kA vikAsa hotA hai; to vyakti icchAoM-AkAMkSAoM se Upara uThakara vartamAna meM jIne kA prayAsa karatA hai| isI bAta ko hindU paramparA meM isa prakAra kahA gayA hai ki jo kucha hotA hai vaha prabhu icchA se hotA hai| ataH vyakti ko na to bhaviSya ke lie sapane saMjone cAhie aura na hI bhUta kI sthitiyoM se saMklezita honA caahiye| vartamAna meM sthita hokara jIvana jIne kA abhyAsa hI eka aisA upAya hai, jisake mAdhyama se vyakti vikSobhoM aura tanAvoM se mukta ho sakatA hai| yadi ghaTanAoM ko prabhu 18 AcArAMgasUtra 1/3/1/1 evaM 1/3/1/8 /

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Adhunika manovijJAna aura samatvayoga kI icchA yA jainadarzana kI dRSTi se pUrva karma kA udaya yA kevalI ke jJAna ke rUpa meM dekhA jAye; to phira anukUla aura pratikUla paristhitiyoM se vikSobha yA tanAva utpanna nahIM hoMge / vyakti ke jIvana meM tanAva isIlie utpanna hote haiM ki vaha sadaiva hI icchAoM aura AkAMkSAoM se jur3A rahatA hai / icchAe~ aura AkAMkSAe~ sarva prathama hamAre citta ko udvelita karatI haiM aura eka manovaijJAnika dvandva ko janma detI haiM; kyoMki icchAe~ aneka hotI haiM aura kabhI pUrNa bhI nahIM hotI haiM / vyakti ko pratisamaya unake tanAva ke hetu manovaijJAnika dvandva se gujaranA hotA hai| manovaijJAnika yA Antarika pariNAmasvarUpa usakA vaiyaktika jIvana azAnta banatA hI hai; vaha pArivArika aura sAmAjika dvandvoM ko bhI janma detA hai / ye dvandva kitane prakAra ke haiM, isakI vistRta carcA hama pUrva meM kara cuke haiN| 1 ina dvandvoM kA nirAkaraNa kaise ho aura vyakti tanAvamukta bane; isake lie jainadarzana meM nimna upAya batAye gaye haiM : (1) Antarika yA manovaijJAnika dvandva se bacane ke lie vyakti icchAoM-AkA~kSAoM tathA rAga-dveSapara uThakara samatvayoga kI sAdhanA kare / samatvayoga kI sAdhanA ke dvArA hI hama Antarika vikSobhoM, tanAvoM yA dvandvoM se mukta ho sakate haiM / isake lie hameM vartamAna meM jIne kA abhyAsa karanA hogA aura vartamAna se santuSTa rahanA hogaa| samatvayoga kI sAdhanA dvArA isa Antarika dvandva se mukta hokara vyakti jainadarzana kI bhASA meM vItarAga aura gItA kI bhASA meM sthitaprajJa banatA hai aura Antarika dvandvoM se Upara uTha jAtA hai / (2) jahA~ taka sAmAjika dvandvoM kA prazna hai; usase Upara uThane ke lie hameM 'Atmavat sarvabhUteSu' kI dRSTi kA vikAsa karanA hogA / AtmatulyatA kA siddhAnta bhI eka aisA siddhAnta hai, jo sAmAjika vikSobhoM aura tanAvoM se hameM mukta kara sakatA hai / jaina dArzanikoM ne isake lie mukhya rUpa se tIna siddhAntoM kA pratipAdana kiyA hai : 1. vaicArika saMgharSoM ko samApta karane ke lie ve anekAnta dRSTi ko Avazyaka mAnate haiM; 2. Arthika saMgharSoM ke nirAkaraNa ke lie aparigraha kA vikAsa Avazyaka hai; aura 3. sAmAjika aura rAjanaitika saMgharSoM se Upara uThane ke lie 357

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358 jainadarzana meM samatvayoga kI sAdhanA ve ahiMsA ke siddhAnta kA pratipAdana karate haiM / isa sambandha meM DaoN. sAgaramala jaina kA kahanA hai ki jaba vyakti kI vRtti meM anAsakti, Arthika kSetra meM aparigraha, vaicArika kSetra meM anekAnta aura vyavahAra ke kSetra meM ahiMsA kA vikAsa hogA; to hI vyakti vikSobhoM, tanAvoM tathA dvandvoM se mukta hokara samarasatApUrvaka aura zAntipUrvaka jIvana jI sakegA / samatvayoga kI sAdhanA kI pUrNatA hI isI tathya meM nihita hai ki vyakti tanAvoM se mukta bane aura yaha tabhI sambhava hai; jaba vyakti samatA, ahiMsA, anekAnta yA anAgraha evaM anAsakti yA aparigraha apane jIvana meM apanAye / Adhunika manovijJAna aura samAjazAstra meM bhI ina mAnasika aura sAmAjika dvandvoM se Upara uThane kI bAta kahI gaI hai| isakA sundara citraNa DaoN. surendra varmA ne dvandva nivAraNa kI vidhiyoM ke rUpa meM se prastuta kiyA hai / hama yahA~ use yathAvat prastuta kara rahe haiN| I 6. 3 dvandva nirAkaraNa kI pravidhiyA~ Adhunika manovijJAna aura samAjazAstra meM dvandva nirAkaraNa ke aneka upAya batAe gae haiM / kintu ye sabhI upAya tabhI saphala ho sakate haiM; jaba hama kula milAkara apane mAnasika gaThana ko inake upayukta banA skeN| kaiTsa aura laoNyara ne paraspara virodhI hitoM para AdhArita dvandva ke nirAkaraNa hetu jisa vyApaka manogaThana (Overall Frame) kI carcA kI hai usameM cAra tattva mahattvapUrNa batAe gae haiM / ve ye haiM : (ka) eka dUsare ke lie sammAna aura nyAyapriyatA (Respect & Integrity); (kha) sauhArdapUrNa samparka (Rapport); (ga) sAdhana sampannatA (Resourcefulness); (gha) racanAtmaka vRtti (Constructive attitude). sammAna aura nyAyapriyatA kA artha hai ki hama dvandva kI sthiti 16 'dvandva aura dvandva kA nirAkaraNa-zramaNa' akTo.- disaM. 1666 pR. 8-6 / - surendra varmA /

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Adhunika manovijJAna aura samatvayoga 356 meM dUsare pakSa ke virodhI AcaraNa ke bAvajUda usake lie eka sakArAtmaka dRSTi ko banAye rkheN| hama usake vyavahAra ko bhale hI acchA na samajheM aura use asvIkAra kara deM; para mAnava hone ke nAte use jo pratiSThA aura sammAna milanA cAhiye, usase use vaMcita na kreN| nyAyapriyatA kA artha hai hama apane prati ImAnadAra hoM aura jo bhI kaheM yA kareM, use anAvazyaka rUpa se gupta na rkheN| hamArA vyavahAra pAradarzI ho| usameM hama kevala eka hI pakSa ke hita para vicAra na kreN| dvandva ke nirAkaraNa hetu yaha bhI Avazyaka hai ki kisI bhI hAlata meM hama dUsare pakSa se apanA samparka pUrI taraha tor3a na leN| paristhiti ko isa prakAra DhAleM ki eka sakArAtmaka sambandha banA raha sake aura dUsarA pakSa hamArI bAta sunane/samajhane ke lie tatpara rhe| dvandva aura tanAva se paripUrNa paristhitiyoM ke dabAva meM hama aksara eka prakAra ke mAnasika pramAda se grasta ho jAte haiM aura una saMsAdhanoM ke prati jinakA hama dvandva nirAkaraNa ke lie upayoga kara sakate haiN| prAyaH udAsIna ho jAte haiN| ataH yaha Avazyaka hai ki hama dvandva ke nirAkaraNa ke prati apanI pUrI jAgarukatA banAe rakheM aura apanI sabhI yogyatAoM aura kSamatAoM kA isa dizA meM pUrA-pUrA upayoga kara skeN| yahI sAdhana-sampannatA hai| isa carcA meM antima racanAtmaka vRtti hai| jaba taka hama racanAtmaka vRtti ko nahIM apanAte dvandva kA nirAkaraNa asambhava hai| kisI bhI pakSa ke lie yaha Avazyaka hai ki vaha isa bAta ke prati Azvasta ho ki dvandva kA nirAkaraNa, yadi ucita prabandha kiyA jAya to avazya ho hI jaaegaa| yaha racanAtmaka vRtti dvandva se nipaTane ke lie bahuta sahAyaka hotI hai| vastutaH DaoN. surendra varmA ne kaiTsa aura laoNyara ke dvandva nirAkaraNa ke upAyoM ke AdhAra para uparokta jina cAra sUtroM ko prastuta kiyA hai usameM samAnatA aura nyAyapriyatA kA AdhAra ahiMsA kA siddhAnta hai| sauhArdapUrNa samparka ke mUla meM anAgraha dR STi yA anekAnta dRSTi nihita hai| sAdhana sampannatA evaM racanAtmaka vRtti ke mUla meM hama aparigraha kI avadhAraNA ko dekha sakate haiN| yadyapi yahA~ UparI stara para dekhane meM aisA lagegA ki sAdhana sampannatA aura racanAtmaka vRtti aparigraha aura anAsakti kI

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jainadarzana meM samatvayoga kI sAdhanA bhAvanA kI virodhI haiM; kintu jaba jIvana meM anAsakti aura aparigraha kI dRSTi vikasita hotI hai, taba sampannatA vaiyaktika upabhoga kA kAraNa nahIM banatI hai| sAtha hI vyakti meM TrasTIzipa kI bhAvanA kA vikAsa hotA hai aura usake dvArA Arthika kSetra ke dvandva bhI samApta ho jAte haiN| vastutaH jainadarzana meM samatvayoga kI sAdhanA vyakti kI bhAva bhUmi kI vizuddhatA kI sAdhanA hai| jaba vyakti meM prANImAtra ke prati maitrI bhAva, gaNijanoM ke prati AdarabhAva, duHkhiyoM ke prati karuNA yA sevA kA bhAva aura virodhiyoM ke prati taTastha bhAva vikasita hotA hai, to dvandva apane Apa samApta ho jAte haiN| eka dUsarI dRSTi se kaheM to samatvayoga kI sAdhanA ke dvArA jaba vyakti apane meM kSamA, saralatA, vinaya aura santoSa jaise sadguNoM kA vikAsa karatA hai; taba dvandvoM ke utpanna hone ke kAraNa hI samApta ho jAte haiN| ina guNoM kI sAdhanA hI samatvayoga kI sAdhanA hai aura yaha samatvayoga kI sAdhanA hI dvandvoM ke nirAkaraNa kA upAya hai| DaoN. sAgaramala jaina kahate haiM ki "samatvayoga kA tAtparya cetanA kA saMgharSa yA dvandva se Upara uTha jAnA hai| yaha jIvana ke vividha pakSoM meM eka aisA sAMga santulana hai jisameM na kevala caitasika evaM vaiyaktika jIvana ke saMgharSa samApta hote haiM, varan sAmAjika jIvana ke saMgharSa bhI samApta ho jAte haiN| zarta yaha hai ki samAja ke sabhI sadasya usakI sAmUhika sAdhanA meM prayatnazIla hoN|"20 / / SaSThama adhyAya samApta / / 20 'jaina, bauddha aura gItA kA sAdhanAmArga' pR. 16-17 / -DaoN. sAgaramala jaina /

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adhyAya 7 upasaMhAra sabhI bhAratIya sAdhanA paddhatiyoM kA mukhya lakSya citta kI nirvikalpa avasthA yA samAdhi ko prApta karanA rahA hai| dUsare zabdoM meM kaheM to cittavRtti kA samatva samagra sAdhanA paddhatiyoM kA sAra hai| jainadarzana meM vItarAga avasthA, bauddhadarzana meM vItataSNa honA tathA hindU dharma-darzana meM anAsakta honA hI unakI sAdhanAoM kA lakSya mAnA gayA hai| yogadarzana meM cittavRtti ke nirodha ko hI yoga kahA hai| vastutaH jaba citta saMkalpa-vikalpoM se rahita hokara samabhAva meM sthita hotA hai, taba hI vyakti AtmapUrNatA yA AtmatoSa kI anubhUti karatA hai| citta kI isI nirvikalpa avasthA ko hI samAdhi, nirvANa, mokSa, mukti Adi nAmoM se jAnA jAtA hai| jainAcArya kundakunda ne to spaSTa rUpa se kahA thA ki "moha aura kSobha se rahita AtmA kI avasthA hI mokSa hai|' bauddhadarzana meM nirvANa kA artha citta meM lagI huI tRSNA kI Aga kA bujha jAnA hai| isa prakAra hama dekhate haiM ki na kevala jainadarzana apitu bauddhadarzana, vedAnta aura yogadarzana sabhI eka svara se yaha mAnate haiM ki cittavRtti kA nirvikalpa ho jAnA athavA usakA tanAva aura vikSebhoM se rahita ho jAnA hI jIvana kA parama lakSya hai| jainadarzana meM ise hI sAmAyika yA samatvayoga kI sAdhanA kahA gayA hai| bhagavAna mahAvIra ne bhagavatIsUtra meM spaSTa rUpa se yaha batAyA hai ki AtmA kA svabhAva samatva hai aura usa samatva ko prApta kara lenA yahI jIvana kA carama puruSArtha hai| isI prakAra se zrImadbhAgavat meM bhI kahA gayA hai ki samatva kI sAdhanA hI paramAtmA kI ArAdhanA hai| gItA bhI samatva kI sAdhanA ko hI yoga kahatI hai| isa sambandha meM DaoN. sAgaramala jaina kA yaha kahanA samucita pratIta hotA hai ki ' pravacanasAra 1/5 /

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362 jainadarzana meM samatvayoga kI sAdhanA gItA meM jJAnayoga, karmayoga, bhaktiyoga aura rAjayoga kI jo carcA hai, vaha sAdhanayoga kI carcA hai evaM gItA kA sAdhya yoga to samatvayoga hI hai| samatva ke abhAva meM jJAna, karma athavA bhakti yoga nahIM banate haiN| isa prakAra sabhI bhAratIya cintakoM ne jIvana ke carama sAdhya ke rUpa meM samatvayoga ko hI svIkAra kiyA hai| _prastuta zodha prabandha ke prathama adhyAya meM hamane samatvayoga ke svarUpa kA vizleSaNa karate hue yaha batAyA hai ki anAsakti, vItarAgatA yA tRSNA kA uccheda vastutaH samatva ke hI paryAya haiN| bhAratIya manISiyoM ne aura vizeSa rUpa se jainAcAryoM ne isa prazna para gambhIratA se vicAra kiyA hai ki yadi samatva hamAre jIvana kA sAdhya hai athavA hamArA zuddha svabhAva hai, to phira usase vicalana kyoM hotA hai ? prastuta zodha prabandha meM hamane isa prazna para spaSTa rUpa se prakAza DAlA hai ki samatva hamArA svabhAva hai, kyoMki koI bhI prANI tanAva yA vikSobha kI avasthA meM rahanA nahIM caahtaa| usake samasta prayatna tanAva aura vikSobhoM ko samApta karake samatva kI upalabdhi ke lie hI hote haiN| yaha satya hai ki samatva hamArA svabhAva hai; kintu vyakti meM nihita icchAe~, AkAMkSAe~ aura rAga-dveSa ke tatva hamAre usa samatva ko bhaMga kara dete haiN| jisa prakAra zItala jala agni ke saMyoga se uSNa ho jAtA hai, usI prakAra rAga-dveSa, Asakti, tRSNA Adi ke kAraNa se hamArA caitasika samatva bhI bhaMga ho jAtA hai aura hama vikSobhoM aura tanAvoM meM jIne lagate haiN| samatva-svabhAva se yukta AtmA meM rAga-dveSa, icchA, AkAMkSA, Asakti aura tRSNA kI upasthiti hI usake samatva se vicalana kA kAraNa hai| isake kAraNa na kevala hamArA mAnasa vikSobhita evaM tanAvagrasta banatA hai apitu pArivArika, sAmAjika, rASTrIya aura antarrASTrIya pariveza bhI tanAva se yukta bana jAtA hai| vyakti ke caitasika samatva kA bhaMga honA na kevala usake jIvana ko azAnta banAtA hai, apitu sampUrNa vaizvika vyavasthA ko tanAvagrasta aura azAnta banA detA hai| isalie na 2 'jaina, bauddha aura gItA ke AcAra darzanoM kA tulanAtmaka adhyayana' bhAga 2 pR. 12 / _ -DaoN. sAgaramala jaina /

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upasaMhAra 363 kevala AdhyAtmika sAdhanA kI dRSTi se aura na kevala caitasika zAnti ke lie, apitu sAmAjika aura vaizvika zAnti ke lie bhI samatvayoga kI sAdhanA Avazyaka hai| jainadarzana meM samatvayoga kI sAdhanA ke lie samyagdarzana, samyagjJAna aura samyak-cAritra rUpa mokSa mArga kA pratipAdana kiyA gayA hai| Adhunika manAvaijJAnikoM ne bhI cetanA ke tIna kArya mAne haiM : (1) anubhava karanA; (2) jAnanA; aura (3) saMkalpa krnaa| hamArI anubhUti, hamArA jJAna, hamArA saMkalpa aura saMkalpajanya vyavahAra jaba taka samyak yA samatva se yukta nahIM hotA, taba taka hamArI caitasika aura sAmAjika zAnti kI sthApanA sambhava nahIM hai| DaoN. sAgaramala jaina kA kathana hai ki samyagdarzana, samyagjJAna aura samyak-cAritra kI sAdhanA vastutaH samatvayoga kI sAdhanA hai aura usake mAdhyama se hI pArivArika stara se lekara antarrASTrIya stara taka zAnti kI sthApanA kI jA sakatI hai| ve likhate haiM ki "cetanA ke jJAna, bhAva aura saMkalpa ke pakSoM ko samatva se yukta banAne ke hetu jainadarzana meM samyagdarzana, samyagjJAna aura samyak-cAritra rUpa mokSamArga kI sthApanA kI gaI hai|"3 __ prastuta zodha prabandha ke dvitIya adhyAya meM hamane yahI batAne kA prayatna kiyA hai ki samyagdarzana, samyagjJAna aura samyak-cAritra samatvayoga kI sAdhanA ke AdhAra haiN| vastutaH jIvana meM jaba taka samyagjJAna rUpI Atma-anAtma kA viveka-jJAna jAgRta nahIM hotA; sva-para kA bodha nahIM hotA; taba taka citta azAnta rahatA hai| azAnta citta meM samyagdarzana kA prakaTana nahIM hotA hai| samyagdarzana vItarAgatA yA AtmA ke samatva-svarUpa ke prati ananya niSThA hai| samyak-cAritra bhI vastutaH samatva ko jIvana meM jIne kA eka prayAsa hai| prastuta zodha prabandha ke dvitIya adhyayana meM hamane isI tathya ko spaSTa karane kA prayAsa kiyA hai ki jainadarzana ka. trividha sAdhanA mArga vastutaH samatvayoga kI sAdhanA hI hai| 3 'jaina, bauddha aura gItA ke AcAra darzanoM kA tulanAtmaka adhyayana' bhAga 2 pR. 18 / -DaoN. sAgaramala jaina /

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364 jainadarzana meM samatvayoga kI sAdhanA prastuta zodha prabandha kA tRtIya adhyAya samatvayoga ke sAdhya, sAdhana aura sAdhanA mArga ke pArasparika sambandha ko spaSTa karatA hai| vastutaH bhAratIya darzanoM meM mokSa ko carama Adarza ke rUpa meM pratipAdita kiyA jAtA hai; kintu yaha mokSa samatva kI avasthA se pRthak nahIM hai| hama pUrva meM hI isakI carcA kara cuke haiM ki moha aura kSobha se rahita jo AtmA kI avasthA hai, vahI mokSa hai| isa mokSa kI sAdhaka AtmA bhI apane svasvarUpa kI apekSA se samatva rUpa hI hai| yaha satya hai ki AtmA meM samatva se vicalana pAye jAte haiM arthAt samatva svarUpa vAlI AtmA vibhAva dazA ko prApta hotI hai yA rAga-dveSa Adi se yukta hotI hai| yahI AtmA sAdhaka hai| jisa prakAra svasthatA vyakti kA nija lakSaNa hai, kintu bAhya nimittoM se usameM bImArI yA rogoM kA Agamana ho jAtA hai; usI prakAra se samatvarUpa AtmA rAga-dveSa Adi ke nimitta se apane svabhAva se vicalita ho jAtI hai| vaha punaH svasthatA aura svasvabhAva ko prApta karane ke lie jo prayatna karatI hai, vahI sAdhanA mArga hai aura samatva kI punaH upalabdhi hI siddhi hai| isa prakAra tRtIya adhyAya meM hamArA pratipAdya yahI rahA hai ki samatvayoga meM sAdhaka, sAdhya aura sAdhanA-patha eka dUsare se ghaniSTa rUpa se na kevala sambandhita haiM; apitu nizcaya dRSTi se to ve eka hI haiN| bhAratIya paramparA meM jJAnayoga, karmayoga aura bhaktiyoga kI sAdhanA ke jo ullekha haiM, ve vastutaH prakArAntara se samatvayoga kI sAdhanA ke hI rUpa haiN| samatvayoga kI sAdhanA meM sAdhaka AtmA hai, jisakA svarUpa to samatva hai, kintu bAhya nimittoM ke kAraNa vaha apane svasvarUpa se vicalita ho gaI hai| usakI sAdhanA bhI isa svasvarUpa kI upalabdhi se anya kucha nahIM hai| isI AdhAra para caturtha adhyAya meM hamane yaha batAne kA prayAsa kiyA hai ki samatvayoga kI sAdhanA vastutaH Atma-sAdhanA hI hai| samatvayoga kI vaiyaktika sAdhanA rAga-dveSa se Upara uThane athavA Asakti aura tRSNA kA prahANa karane meM hai| vaiyaktika stara para vyakti jitanA anAsakta, vItatRSNa yA vItarAga banegA, vaha utanA hI samatvayoga kI sAdhanA meM Age bddh'egaa| kintu samatvayoga kI sAdhanA kA eka sAmAjika pakSa bhI hai, jisakI carcA hamane caturtha adhyAya meM kI hai| samatvayoga kI sAmAjika sAdhanA ke kriyAnvayana ke lie DaoN. sAgaramala jaina ne cAra sUtra prastuta kiye haiM :

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upasaMhAra 365 (1) vRtti meM anAsakti; (2) vyavahArika jIvana meM asaMgraha; aura (3) vicAra meM anAgraha; (4) sAmAjika AcaraNa meM ahiNsaa| vastutaH anAgraha anekAnta kA hI eka rUpa hai| asaMgraha aura anAsakti aparigraha ke sUcaka haiM aura ahiMsA samatvapUrNa vyavahAra kA siddhAnta hai| isIlie vaha kahate haiM ki vRtti meM anAsakti, vicAra meM anekAnta yA anAgraha, vaiyaktika jIvana meM asaMgraha aura sAmAjika jIvana meM ahiMsA - yahI samatvayoga kI sAdhanA kA vyavahArika pakSa hai| samatvayoga kI sAdhanA nAmaka caturtha adhyAya meM hamane isa sambandha meM vistAra se carcA kI hai| mAtra yahI nahIM, hamane yaha batAne kA prayAsa kiyA hai ki prANiyoM ke prati maitrI, gaNIjanoM ke prati pramoda, duHkhiyoM ke prati karUNA aura virodhiyoM ke prati upekSA ke cAra sUtra vaiyaktika aura sAmAjika jIvana meM samatvayoga kI sArthakatA ko abhivyakta karate haiN| isa adhyAya meM hamane yaha batAne kA bhI prayAsa kiyA hai ki sAmAjika vaiSamya ke nirAkaraNa ke lie ahiMsA, Arthika vaiSamya ke nirAkaraNa ke lie aparigraha aura mAnasika vaiSamya ke nirAkaraNa ke lie anAsakti kitanI upayogI hai| prastuta zodha prabandha ke paMcama adhyAya meM hamane vibhinna dharmoM meM samatvayoga kI sAdhanA kisa rUpa meM prastuta kI gaI hai, isakA tulanAtmaka adhyayana prastuta karane kA prayAsa kiyA hai| jaisA ki hamane pUrva meM ullekhita kiyA hai ki samatvayoga kI sAdhanA ke tatva jaina dharma ke sAtha-sAtha hindU dharma aura bauddha dharma meM bhI pAye jAte haiN| hindU dharma ke veda, upaniSad, mahAbhArata, gItA tathA bhAgavat Adi purANa-sAhitya meM samatvayoga kI ati vistRta carcA upalabdha hotI hai| vedoM kA yaha kathana hai ki hama sabhI ko mitratA kI A~kha se dekheM aura sabhI hameM bhI mitratA kI dRSTi se dekheN| isI rUpa 4 'jaina, bauddha aura gItA ke AcAra darzanoM kA tulanAtmaka adhyayana' bhAga 2 pR. 16-20 / -DaoN sAgaramala jain| 'mitrasya mA cakSuSA sarvANi bhUtAni samIkSantAm mitrasyAhya cakSuSA sarvANi bhUtAni samIkSe mitrasya cakSuSA samIkSAmahe / ' -yajurveda 36/18 /

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366 jainadarzana meM samatvayoga kI sAdhanA meM hindU dharma-darzana samatvayoga kI AdhArazilA prastuta karatA hai| mitratA kA bhAva zatrutA kA upazamana karatA hai aura isa dRSTi se vaha samatva kI saMsthApanA kA AdhAra bindu hai| isI prakAra IzAvAsyopaniSad kA yaha kathana hai ki jo vyakti sabhI prANiyoM ko apane meM aura apane ko sabhI prANiyoM meM dekhatA hai, vaha apanI isa ekAtmakatA kI anubhUti ke kAraNa kisI se ghRNA nahIM krtaa| ghRNA yA vidveSa ke unmUlana kI upaniSad kI yaha yukti nizcaya hI hindU dharma meM samatvayoga kI jIvana dRSTi kI pratiSThA kA AdhAra vAkya kahA jA sakatA hai| na kevala veda aura upaniSad apitu mahAbhArata aura gItA meM samatvayoga ke aneka sandarbha prastuta haiN| hama pUrva meM yaha batA cuke haiM ki gItA ke anusAra to samatvayoga kI sAdhanA meM jJAnayoga, karmayoga aura bhaktiyoga anusyUta rahe hue haiN| gItA meM samatvayoga ko hI sArabhUta yoga mAnA gayA hai| samatvayoga hI gItA kA sAdhya yoga hai| isa tathya para prakAza DAlate hue DaoN. sAgaramala jaina ne vistAra se carcA kI hai| yahA~ hama use hI saMkSipta meM prastuta kara rahe haiN| ve likhate haiM ki jJAna, karma, bhakti aura dhyAna sabhI samatva ke lie hote haiN| gItA yaha batAtI hai ki binA samatva ke jJAna yathArtha jJAna nahIM banatA hai| jo samatva dRSTi rakhatA hai, vahI jJAnI hai| usI prakAra binA samatva ke karma akarma (karmayoga) nahIM banatA hai| samatva ke abhAva meM karma kA bandhakatva banA rahatA hai| gItA ke zabdoM meM jo siddhi aura asiddhi meM samatva se yukta hotA hai, use karma nahIM bndhte| isI prakAra vaha bhakta bhI saccA bhakta nahIM hai, jisameM samatva kA abhAva hai| samatva vaha zakti hai jisase jJAna jJAnayoga ke rUpa meM, bhakti bhaktiyoga ke rUpa meM aura karma karmayoga ke rUpa meM badala jAtA hai| gItA samatva pratipAdaka grantha hai, isa tathya para bala dete hue Age ve kahate haiM ki gItA ke anusAra mAnava kA sAdhya paramAtmA kI prApti hai| gItA meM paramAtmA yA brahma sama hai| vastutaH jo samatva meM sthita hai vaha brahma meM sthita hai, kyoMki sama hI brahma hai| gItA kI dRSTi meM paramayogI vaha hai jo sarvatra samatva kA darzana karatA hai| yadi hama 6 'yastu sarvANi bhUtAtyAtmanyevAnupazyati / sarvabhUteSu cAtmAnaM tato na vijugupsate / / ' -IzAvAsyopaniSad 6 /

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upasaMhAra 367 gItA kI zikSA kA vicAra kareM to kaha sakate haiM ki usameM aneka sthaloM para samatvayoga kI zikSA dI gaI hai, jisakA vistRta ullekha DaoN. sAgaramala jaina ne kiyA hai| 'samatvayoga kA tulanAtmaka adhyayana' nAmaka paMcama adhyAya meM hamane bhI gItA kI kucha zikSAoM ko prastuta kiyA hai| na kevala hindU dharma-darzana meM apitu bauddhadarzana meM bhI samatvayoga ke vipula sandarbha upalabdha hote haiN| bauddha dharma-darzana kA mukhya lakSya duHkha nivRtti hai| vaha duHkha kA mUla kAraNa tRSNA ko mAnatA hai aura duHkha nivRtti ke lie tRSNA ke uccheda ko Avazyaka mAnatA hai| tRSNA ke uccheda kI yaha bAta mUlataH samatva kI upalabdhi ko hI abhivyakta karatI hai| saMyuktanikAya meM buddha ne kahA hai ki AryoM kA mArga sama hai, Arya viSama paristhiti meM bhI sama kA AcaraNa karate haiN| bauddhadarzana meM rAga-dveSa se Upara uThane kI bAta kahI gaI hai| vaha bhI isI tathya ko abhivyakta karatI hai ki buddha kA mukhya uddezya vyakti ko mAnasika tanAvoM aura vikSobhoM se mukta karanA hai| unhoMne tRSNA ko hI duHkha kA mUla kAraNa batAyA hai aura apane samasta cintana meM duHkha se vimukti ke lie samatva kI upalabdhi kA hI upadeza diyA hai| bauddhadarzana meM bhI maitrI, karuNA, muditA aura upekSA ina cAra brahma vihAroM kA ullekha milatA hai| jinheM hama samatvayoga rUpI bhavana ke cAra stambha kaha sakate haiN| isa prakAra hama dekhate haiM ki samatvayoga na kevala jaina dharma-darzana kA, apitu bauddha aura hindU dharma-darzana kA bhI mukhya pratipAdya viSaya rahA hai| 'samatvayoga kA tulanAtmaka adhyayana' nAmaka paMcama adhyAya meM hamane jainadarzana ke samatvayoga kI tulanA gItA ke sthitaprajJa se kI hai| isameM hamane yaha dekhA hai ki jo jainadarzana kA vItarAga, sayogI kevalI yA samatvayogI hai; vahI gItA kA sthitaprajJa hai| prastuta zodhaprabandha ke antima adhyAya meM hamane samatvayoga para Adhunika manovijJAnika dRSTi se vicAra kiyA hai aura yaha pAyA hai ki Adhunika manovijJAna meM bhI AkAMkSAoM ke ucca stara ko 'jaina, bauddha aura gItA ke AcAra darzanoM kA tulanAtmaka adhyayana' bhAga 2 pR. 12-13 / -DaoN sAgaramala jaina /

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jainadarzana meM samatvayoga kI sAdhanA mAnasika vikSobhoM evaM tanAvoM kA pramukha kAraNa mAnA gayA hai / AkAMkSA kA yaha ucca stara tRSNA, Asakti aura rAgAtmaka vRtti kA hI eka rUpa hai / yaha satya hai ki Adhunika manovijJAna vikSobha evaM tanAvoM ke kAraNoM ke vizleSaNa ke rUpa meM bAhya tathyoM arthAt kArakoM para gambhIratApUrvaka vicAra karatA hai / isakI carcA hamane prastuta adhyAya meM kI hai; kintu yadi hama mUlabhUta kAraNa ke rUpa meM dekheM to Adhunika manovijJAna aura samagra bhAratIya cintana isa bAta meM ekamata haiM ki vikSobhoM aura tanAvoM ke mUla meM kahIM na kahIM icchAoM, AkAMkSAoM aura rAga-dveSa ke tathya nihita haiN| sAtha hI isa para bhI vicAra kiyA gayA hai ki vikSobhoM aura tanAvoM se nizrita dvandva kyA hai? ve kitane prakAra ke haiM aura ve kyoM utpanna hote haiM? unake nirAkaraNa ke upAya kyA haiM? yaha samasta carcA vistArapUrvaka isa zodha prabandha ke SaSThama adhyAya meM kI gaI hai| vartamAna meM vaiyaktika aura sAmAjika stara para samatvayoga kI sAdhanA hI eka mAtra aisA vikalpa hai jisake mAdhyama se hama vikSobhoM aura tanAvoM se Upara uThakara vaiyaktika aura sAmAjika jIvana meM zAnti kI sthApanA kara sakate haiM / 368 / / saptama adhyAya samApta ||

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sahAyaka grantha sUcI grantha lekhaka/sampAdaka prakAzaka/prApti sthAna varSa zrImadbhagavadgItA gItA presa, gorakhapura 1953 zrImadbhagavadgItA tilaka, bAlagaMgAdhara tilaka mandira, pUnA 782 rahasyavAda anuyogadvArasUtra Agamodaya samiti, sUrata vIra saM. 2450 bhagavatIArAdhanA Agamodaya samiti, sUrata AcArAMgasUtra bhAga do AcArya AtmArAmajI Agama prakAzana samiti, 1663 jaina ludhiyAnA AcArAMgasUtra (hindI) sthA. jaina kAnphrensa, 1638 bambaI AtmamImAMsA paM. dalasukha jaina saMskRti saMzodhana mAlavaNiyA maNDala, 1653 po. oN. banArasa hindU yUnivarsiTI, banArasa Anandaghana kA sAdhvI sudarzanAzrI pArzvanAtha vidyAzrama, zodha rahasyavAda saMsthAna, Aya.TI.Aya. 1684 roDa, vArANasI AdhyAtmika vikAsa vijayajayantasenasUri kI bhUmikAe~ evam pUrNatA Avazyakaniyukti bhadrabAhu Agamodaya samiti vIra saM. 2454 iNDiyana thATsa eNDa zveTajara Adams & Charles Black, iTsa 4-5 6 Soho Square, 1651 London DevhalapameNTa iNDiyana philAsaphI DaoN. rAdhAkRSNana jArja elana eNDa (bhAga 1-2) anavina, landana itivRttaka dharmarakSita mahAbodhi sabhA, buddhAbda sAranAtha 2466 isibhAsiyana sUrata 1987 (RSibhASita) izAvAsyopaniSad gItA presa, gorakhapura saM.2017 uttarAdhyayanasUtra cUrNi jinadAsagaNi ratalAma 133

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370 jainadarzana meM samatvayoga kI sAdhanA 2001 cennaI grantha lekhaka/sampAdaka prakAzaka/prApti sthAna varSa uttarAdhyayanasUtra DaoN. vinItaprajJAzrI zrI candraprabhu mahArAja dArzanika anuzIlana junA mandira TrasTa, evam vartamAna sAhukAra peTa, pariprekSya meM usakA mahatva udAna anu. jagadIza mahAbodhi sabhA, sAranAtha kAzyapa ethikala philaoNsaphI Ai. sI. zarmA jArja elana eNDa oNpha iNDiyA anavina, 1665 landana oghaniyukti bhadrabAhusvAmI Agamodaya samiti 1627 Rgveda saMskRti saMsthAna, barelI 1662 kaThopaniSad zaMkarabhASya gItA presa, gorakhapura saM.2017 karmagrantha (karma devendrasUrI zrI jaina pustaka pracAraka saM.2444 vipAka) AtmAnanda maNDala kaSAya sAdhvI hemapajJAzrI thvacakSaNa prakAzana, indaura 1666 kArtikeyAnuprekSA svAmI kArtikeya, zAstramAlA, TIkA zubhacandra, agAsa sampA. e. ena. 1660 upAdhye, rAyacandra jaina kenopaniSad (108 saMskRti saMsthAna, barelI upaniSadeM) jJAnArNava zubhacandrAcArya rAmacandra Azrama, AgAsa 2054 gItA Dabalyu. DI. pI.hila oNksaphorDa 1653 gItA (rAmAnuja bhASya) gItA presa, gorakhapura saM.2018 gItA (zAMkara bhASya) gItA presa, gorakhapura saM.2018 guNasthAna vIraputra vIra saM. AnandasAgarajI 2471 mahArAja guNasthAna siddhAnta : pro. sAgaramala jaina pArzvanAtha vidyApITha, 1666 eka vizleSaNa vArANasI guNasthAna vivecana paM. ratanacanda patArI prakAzana saMkhyA bhArilla zAstrI ghaTaprabhA, jilA belagA~va, 1987 karnATaka

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sahAyaka grantha sUcI 371 1688 2002 grantha lekhaka/sampAdaka prakAzaka/prApti sthAna varSa gommaTasAra 'zrImad rAjacandra jaina saM.1972 zAstramAlA' AgAsa gommaTasAra AcArya nemicandra zrI parasa zruta prabhAvaka maNDala jainadarzana meM DaoN. saMyamajyotizrI jaina kampyuTara sarvisa, saM.1967 atindriya jJAna jAlorI geTa, jodhapura jainadarzana meM samyaktva DaoN. surekhA zrI vicakSaNa smRti kA mahatva prakAzana jayapura (rAjasthAna) jaina siddhAnta dIpikA A. zrI tulasI Adarza sAhitya saMgha, saradArazahara (rAja.) jaina vidyA ke AyAma pro. DA. sAgaramala pUjya sohanalAla smAraka, jaina pArzvanAtha zodhapITha, Aya. TI.Aya roDa, karoMdI, po.oN. kAzI hindU vizvavidyAlaya, vArANasI jaina, bauddha aura gItA DaoN.sAgaramala jaina prAkRta bhAratI saMsthAna, ke AcAra darzanoM kA jayapura 1682 tulanAtmaka adhyayana (bhAga 1-2) Namo siddhANaM pada : sAdhvI dharmazIlA zrI ujjavala dharma TrasTa, samIkSAtmaka mumbaI parizIlana tattvArthasUtra sampA. paM. sukhalAla pArzvanAtha vidyAzrama zodha siMghavI saMsthAna, jaina insTiTyUTa, .. 1663 AI. TI. AI. roDa, vArANasI tattvArthasUtra sampA. zrI kevalamuni zrI jaina divAkara sAhitya pITha, 156, mahAvIra bhavana, AgarA tattvArthasUtra sampA . pro. bhAratIya jJAnapITha, pradhAna (rAjavArtika) mahendrakumAra jaina kAryAlaya, 18, insTiTyuTa 1944 eriyA, lodhI roDa, naI dillI 1687

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372 jainadarzana meM samatvayoga kI sAdhanA 1976 grantha lekhaka/sampAdaka prakAzaka/prApti sthAna varSa tattvArthasUtra kI sampA. paM. phUlacandra bhAratIya jJAnapITha, pradhAna sarvArthasiddhi TIkA zAstrI kAryAlaya, 18, insTiTTayuTa . eriyA, lodhI roDa, naI dillI tattvArthavArtika bhAga bhaTTa akalaMka, bhAratIya jJAnapITha vIra saM. 1, 2 mahendrakumAra 2466 dazavaikAlikasUtra muni hastImalajI (saMskRta chAyA sahita) motIlAla bAlamukunda mUthA dazavaikAlikasUtra sthAnaka jaina kAMphrensa, (hindI anuvAda) bambaI darzanapAhuDa kundakunda dekhiye aSTapAhuDa dazavaikAlikaniyukti bambaI 1663 dhyAnadIpikA vijayakezarasurIzvarajI vijayacandasUrIzvarajI, jaina jJAna mandira, navaraMgapurA, ahamadAbAda dhammapada anu. rAhulajI buddha vihAra, lakhanaU dhammapada (saMskRta indra, dehalI anuvAda - hindI artha sahita) dhavalA varasena amarAvatI 636-56 nandisUtra saMmpA. muni jaina Agama granthamAlA hastImalajI navatattvaprakaraNa paM. hIrAlAla dUgar3a zrI AdinAtha jaina jaina zvetAmbara saM.2042 saMgha, cikapeTha, beMgalora navapada jJAnasAra puSphabhikkhu agaracanda nAhara, 1637 kalakattA niyamasAra kundakunda (anu. . ajitAzrama, lakhanaU agarasena) padamanandipaMcavizatikA padmanandi jIvarAja granthamAlA 1632 purUSArthasiddhayupAya amRtacandra seNTrala jaina 1633 pablika hAUsa, lakhanaU paMcAstikAya kundakundAcArya bambaI 1972

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sahAyaka grantha sUcI 373 grantha varSa prajJApanAsUtra lekhaka/sampAdaka AcArya amolakaRSijI prakAzaka/prApti sthAna lAlA jvAlAprasAda, haidarAbAda tiloka ratna parIkSA borDa, pratikramaNasUtra sArtha pAtharDI pravacanasAra kundakundAcArya paramazruta prabhAvaka maNDala, .. 1635 bambaI pravacanasAroddhAra nemIcandasUrI zrI devacanda lAlacanda vIra saM. pustakoddhAra phaNDa, bambaI 2448 praznavyAkaraNasUtra muni hastImalajI pAlI 1650 prazamarati (bhAga 1-2) sampA. zrI vizvakalyANa prakAzana bhadraguptavijayajI TrasTa, kamvoinagara ke vi.saM. pAsa, 2040 mehasAnA (rAjasthAna) pharsTa priMsIpalsa (6ThA harbarTa spensara vATsa eNDa ko., landana saMskaraNa) bAibala (dharmazAstra) bhArata laMkA bAibala samiti, baMgalora bAraha bhAvanA : eka DaoN. hukamacanda paM. ToDaramala smAraka anuzIlana bhArilla TrasTa, e 4, bApUnagara, jayapura bauddhadarzanamImAMsA baladeva upAdhyAya caukhambhA, vArANasI 1654 bauddhadharmadarzana AcArya narendradeva bihAra rASTrabhASA pariSada, paTanA bRhadkalpaniyukti puNyavijayajI AtmAnanda jaina sabhA, 1633 bhAvanagara bRhadkalpabhASya puNyavijayajI AtmAnanda jaina sabhA, 1633 bhAvanagara bRhadAraNyaka upaniSad gItA presa saM.2014 bhagavatIArAdhanA zivakoTyAcArya sakhArAma nemicanda, digambara jaina granthamAlA, 1634 zolApura bhagavadgItA rAdhAkRSNana, anu. virAja, ema. 1985 bhAvapAhuDa AcArya kunkunda rAjapAla eNDa saNsa, (dekhiye aSTapAhuDa) dehlii| 1962

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374 jainadarzana meM samatvayoga kI sAdhanA grantha lekhaka/sampAdaka prakAzaka/prApti sthAna varSa bhAvanAzataka zatA vRndAvanadAsa dayAla, korTa, vIra saM. ratnacandrajI bAjAra geTa bambaI 2447 majjhimanikAya bhikSu jagadIza nava nAlandA mahAvihAra kAzyapa saMskaraNa majjhimanikAya (hindI) mahAbodhi sabhA, sAranAtha manusmRti pustaka mandira, mathurA saM.2034 mahAnArAyaNopaniSad (108 upaniSadeM) saMskRti saMsthAna, barelI mahAbhArata gItA presa, gorakhapura mahAyAna bhadanta zAntibhikSu vizva bhAratIya granthAlaya, kalakattA mUlAcAra baTTakerAcArya jaina mandira, zakkara bAjAra, indaura kI patrAcAra prati mokkhapAhuDa (dekhiye kundakundAcArya aSTapAhuDa) yogasAra prAbhRta Tamitagati bhAratIya jJAnapITha 2000 yogasUtra dekhiye pAtaMjala yoga gItA presa saM.2018 pradIpa yogazAstra hemacandra, sampA. muni sammati jJAnapITha, AgarA 1663 samadarzI yogazAstra hemacandra zrI jaina dharma pracAraka saM. (svopajJavRtti sahita) sabhA, 2452 bhAvanagara yogavAsiSTha nirNayasAgara presa, bambaI 1618 ratnakaraNDa zrAvakAcAra samantabhadra mANikacandra digambara / 1626 jaina granthamAlA, bambaI laMkAvatArasUtra vyAkhyAprajJapti sampA. vecaradAsa zrI mahAvIra jaina dozI vidyAlaya, bambaI vasunandizrAvakAcAra sampA. hIrAlAla jaina bhAratIya jJAnapITha, kAzI 1652 vizeSAvazyaka bhASya zrI jinabhadragaNi hemacandra, harSacandra, kSamAzramaNa TIkA bhUrAbhAI, saM.2441 banArasa 1674

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sahAyaka grantha sUcI 375 grantha lekhaka/sampAdaka prakAzaka/prApti sthAna varSa zAstravArtAsamuccaya haribhadrasUri, bhAratIya saMskRti lAlabhAI, vidyAmandira, 1668 dalapabhAI ahamadAbAda 6 sthAnAMgasUtra TIkA abhayadevasUrI Agamodaya samiti sthAnAMgasUtra TIkA abhayadevasUrI Agamodaya samiti spInojA nIti anu. dIvAnacanda hindI samiti, uttara pradeza sAgarAdharmAmRta paM. AzAdhara mANikacandra digambara jaina .. 1617 grantha mAlA sammatitarkaprakaraNa AcArya siddhasena / gujarAta purAtatva mandira, saM.1950 divAkara ahamadAbAda samatvayoga : eka DaoN. prItama siMghavI navadarzana sosAyaTI oNpha samanvaya dRSTi selpha DevalapameNTa, 1666 ahamadAbAda samayasAra kundakunda ahiMsA prakAzana mandira, 1656 dariyAgaMja, dehalI samayasAra (aMgrejI kundakunda ajitAzrama, lakhanaU anuvAda) samavAyAMga muni kanhaiyAlAla Agama anuyoga prakAzana 1666 kamala samavAyAMgasUtra zrI madhukaramuni zrI Agama prakAzana samiti, zrI braja-madhukara smRti 1661 bhavana, pIpaliyA bAjAra, biyAvara sarvArthasiddhi AcArya pUjyapAda bhAratIya jJAnapITha 2000 zramaNa patrikA pro. sAgaramala jaina pArzva vidyApITha, Aya.TI. . Aya mArga, karoMdI, po. 1666 oN. bI.eca.yU., __ vArANasI zramaNasUtra amaramunijI kI sammati jJAnapITha, AgarA 1666 vyAkhyA sahita sAmAyika dharma : eka zrI vijaya prAkRta bhAratI akAdamI, 1987 pUrNa yoga kalApUrNasUrIjI mahA. jayapura sAmAyika pATha amitagati, dehalI 1666 sAmAyikasUtra amaramunijI kI sammati jJAnapITha, AgarA vyAkhyA sahita

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376 jainadarzana meM samatvayoga kI sAdhanA grantha suttanipAta sUtrakRtAMgasUtra varSa 1650 1962 lekhaka/sampAdaka prakAzaka/prApti sthAna anu. bhikSu dharmaratna mahAbodhi sabhA, banArasa zrI madhukaramuni zrI Agama prakAzana samiti, zrI braja-madhukara smRti bhavana sthA. jaina kAnphrensa, bambaI zIlaMkAcArya Agamodaya samiti sUtrakRtAMgasUtra 1638 sUtrakRtAMga TIkA vIra saM. 2442 navanAlandA mahAvihAra 2001 mahAbodhi sabhA saMyuktanikAya SaTAvazyaka - eka paricaya saMyuktanikAya (hindI) anu. jagadIza kAzyapa evaM dharmarakSita hisTrI oNpha phreMkathilI philaoNsaphI 1954 seNTrala buka Dipo, ilAhAbAda 1665

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ArAdhanA bhavana zrI pArzvamaNi jaina tIrtha peddatumbalama, Adoni. * ..

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pa.pU. guruvaryA sulakSaNAzrIjI ma.sA. he ugratapasvI! jJAna manasvinI! sahajatA kI ho tuma pratimUrti... he vardhamAna tapArAdhikA! adhyAtma sAdhikA! jinazAsana kI tuma ho jyoti / dhyAna sAdhanA se ApazrIne gahana sAgara se pAye motii| manomastiSka kA parimArjana kara "bhAvanA srota' kA nirmANa kiyaa| olI 108 pUrNakara, gaccha kharatara kA gaurava bddh'aayaa| he urjasvitA! niSkapaTatA! | sevA bhAva meM tuma niraMtara agrsr| he samatAmUrti! aTThama tapArAdhikA! antara meM hai vairAgya kA spNdn| ' he paramavaMdanIyA! mahAtapasvI! tuma se dhanya-dhanya hai sayama upavana / / he Atma sAdhikA ! bhakti rasikA! tuma hRdaya bagiyA jyUM cNdn|| guruvaryA zrI ke pAvana padmoM meM hai| koTi-koTi merA vNdn|

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: ku. maMju golechA sAdhvI DaoN. priyavaMdanAzrI janma nAma pitAzrI kA nAma : sva. zrImAna bhaMvaralAlajI golecchA mAtAzrI kA nAma : sva. zrImatI madanabAI / janmatithi, dinAMka : Asoja sudi sAtama, 10 akTUbara 1967 janma sthAna : jagadalapura, bastara (chattIsagar3ha) dIkSA tithi va dinAMka : phAlguna sudi cautha, 7 mArca 1984 | dIkSA sthala : phalodI (rAja.) choTI-bar3I dIkSAdAtA : sva. pa.pU. AcArya zrImajjina kAntisAgarajI ma.sA. guruvaryA zrI : pArzvamaNi tIrtha prerikA pa.pU. guruvaryA zrI sulocanAzrIjI ma.sA ugratapasvinI pa.pU. sulakSaNAzrIjI ma.sA. / vicaraNa kSetra : rAjasthAna, gujarAta, mahArASTra, AMdhrapradeza, madhyapradeza, karnATaka, keralA, tamilanADu, chattIsagar3ha, ur3isA tapazcaryA 'mAsakSamaNa, varSItapa, vIzasthAnaka tapa, navapada olI, jJAnapaMcama, maunaegyArasa adhyayana ': tarka nyAya, saMskRta, vyAkaraNa, hindI tattvajJAna, aagmaadi| ' ema.e. jaina vidyA aura tulanAtmaka dharma-darzana pIeca.DI.- jaina darzana meM samatvayoga-eka samIkSAtmaka adhyayana vizeSatA : sulajhe hue nirNaya lenA, nirNaya meM samabhAva, mana meM sevA bhAvanA, prANImAtra ke prati dayA, karUNA va maitrI ke bhAva, prasannacitta, haMsamukha ceharA, vANI meM madhuratA, mRdutA, saralatA, sahajatA, zAlInatA, vyavahAra kuzalatA, kSamA, paropakAra aadi|| prakAzita pustakeM : - sura saritA - zraddhAMjali - sulocana surabhi - nitya smaraNa mAlA - nitya smaraNa mAlAjaina darzana meM samatvayoga : eka samIkSAtmaka adhyayana