Anekant 2013 Book 66 Ank 01 to 04

Author(s): Jaikumar Jain
Publisher: Veer Seva Mandir Trust
Catalog link: https://jainqq.org/explore/538066/1

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Year-66, Volume-1 RNI No. 10591/62 Jan-March 2013 ISSN 0974-8768 anekAnta (janavidyA evaM prAkRta bhASAoM kI traimAsika zodha patrikA) ANEKANT (A Quarterly Research Journal for Jainology & Prakrit Languages) sampAdaka DaoN. jayakumAra jaina, mujaphpharanagara (u.pra.) Editor Dr. Jaikumar Jain, Muzaffarnagar (U.P.) Mobile: 09760002389 vIra sevA mandira, naI dillI-110 002 Vir Sewa Mandir, New Delhi-110 002

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anekAnta 66/1, janavarI-mArca 2013 anekAnta (jainavidyA evaM prAkRta bhASAoM kI traimAsika zodha patrikA) ANEKANT (AQuarterly Research Journal for Jainology & Prakrit Languages) saMsthApaka Founder AcArya jugalakizora mukhtAra 'yugavIra' AcharyaJugalkishor Mukhtar 'Yugveer' Editor sampAdaka maNDala nidezaka vIra sevA maMdira, naI dillI (prA. paM. nihAlacaMda jaina, bInA) pro. DaoN. rAjArAma jaina, noeDA pro. DaoN. vRSabhaprasAda jaina, lkhnuu| prA. DaoN. zItalacanda jaina, jayapura pro. DaoN. zreyAMzakumAra jaina, bar3auta pro. ema.ela. jaina, naI dillI Director-Vir Sewa Mandir, New Delhi (Pracharya Pt. Nihal Chand Jain-Bina) Prof. Dr. Raja Ram Jain- Noida Prof. Dr.Vrashabh Prasad Jain,Lucknow Pracharya Dr. Shital Chand Jain, Jaipur Prof. Dr. Shreyansh Kr. Jain, Baraut Prof. M.L. Jain, New Delhi sadasyatA zulka/Subscription eka aMka-rupaye 20/- vArSika - ru. 80/ This issue - Rs. 20/- Yearly - Rs. 80/ sabhI patrAcAra patrikA evaM sampAdakIya hetu patA - vIra sevA maMdira (jaina darzana zodha saMsthAna) 21, aMsArI roDa dariyAgaMja. naI dillI-110002.06 All correspondance for the journal & editorial on Vir Sewa Mandir (A Research Institute for Jainology) 21, Ansari Road, Daryaganj, New Delhi-110002.06 phona naM. 011-30120522,23250522, 09311050522 e-mail-virsewa@gmail.com vidvAna lekhakoM ke vicAroM se sampAdaka maMDala kA sahamata honA Avazyaka nahIM hai| lekhoM meM diye gaye tathyoM aura sandarbho kI prAmANikatA ke saMbaMdha meM lekhaka svayaM uttaradAyI haiM sabhI prakAra ke vivAdoM kA nipaTArA dillI nyAyAlaya ke adhIna hogaa|

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cetana khele horI cetana khele horI, satA bhUmi, chimA basanta meM samatA prAna piyA saMga gorii| cetana khele horI, mana ko mATa, prema ko pAnI, tAmeM karUnA kesara ghorI, jJAna-dhyAna picakArI bhari bhari, Apa meM chAe~ horaa-horii| cetana khele horI, gurU ke vacana mRdaMga bajata hai, naya donAM Dapha lAla TakorI, saMjama atara vimala vrata covA, bhAva gulAla bharai bhara jhorii| cetana khele horI, dharama miThAI, tapa bahu mevA, samarasa Ananda amala kaTorI, "dyAnata" sumati kahe sakhiyana soM cira jIvoM yaha -juga juga jorii| cetana khele horii| -kavivara dyAnatarAya

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1. viSayAnukramaNikA viSaya cetana khele horI dhyAna kA svarUpa evaM usake bheda tathA guNa-doSa vivecana 2. nATyazAstra meM prAkRta vyAkaraNa ke niyama 3. jaina zilpa vidhAna kA svarUpa 4. mUlAcAra meM digambara jaina muniyoM kA arthazAstra 5. samaNasuttaM meM pratipAdita jJAna-mImAMsA 6. maMgala evaM maMgalAcaraNa kA vizleSaNAtmaka adhyayana 7. kaliGga cakravartI khAravela 8. Relativity and Anekant 9. jaina vAGgamaya meM saMgIta 10. kalyANamandira stotra eka anuzIlana 11. tattvArtha zlokavArtikAlaMkAra ke AdhAra para vratoM ke aticAroM kI samIkSA 12. paM. giridhara zarmA 'navaratna' kI jaina sAhitya ko dena 13. AcArya jugala kizora 'mukhtAra' smRti vyAkhyAnamAlA prativedana anekAnta 66/1 janavarI-mArca 2013 lekhaka kA nAma DaoN. jayakumAra jaina pro. kamaleza kumAra jaina DaoN. mukti pArAzara pro. phUlacanda jaina premI DaoN. basanta lAla jaina pRSTha saMkhyA DaoN. ramezacanda jaina Dr. Samani Shashi Prajna siddhArtha jaina, ema. myUja. prAcArya paM. nihAlacaMda jaina paM. Aloka kumAra jaina lalita zarmA 14 20 27 35 41 47 54 65 69 75 86 95

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dhyAna kA svarUpa evaM usake bheda tathA guNa-doSa vivecana -DaoN.jayakumArajaina dhyAna zabda bhvAdi gaNa kI parasmaipadI dhyai dhAtu se lyuT pratyaya karane para niSpanna huA hai; jisakA artha socanA, manana karanA, vicAra karanA, cintana karanA, vicAra-vimarza karanA Adi hai| vastutaH ekAgratA kA nAma dhyAna hai| aisA eka bhI kSaNa nahIM rahatA hai, jaba vyakti kisI na kisI viSaya meM soca-vicAra yA cintana-manana na karatA ho| kintu rAgadveSajanya hone se aisA dhyAna zreyaskara nahIM hotA hai, sAmyabhAva meM ekAgratA hI zreyomArga meM grAhya hai| dhyAna kA svarUpa kisI eka viSaya meM nirantara jJAna kA rahanA dhyAna hai| paMcAdhyAyI meM kahA gayA hai - 'yatpunarjJAnamekatra nairantaryeNa kutrcit| asti taddhyAnamatrApi kramo naapykrmau'rthtH|| kisI eka sthAna para yA eka viSaya meM nirantara rUpa se jJAna kA rahanA dhyAna hai aura vaha vAstava meM krama rUpa hI hai, akrama nhiiN| AcArya zubhacandra ne bhI likhA hai- "ekAcintAnirodho yastada dhyAnam'2 jo eka jJeya meM cintA kA nirodha hai. vaha dhyAna hai| sarvArthasiddhi meM eka prazna upasthita kiyA gayA hai ki yadi cintA ke nirodha kA nAma dhyAna hai taba to dhyAna gadhe ke sIMga kI taraha asat ThaharatA hai kyoMki nirodha abhAva svarUpa hotA hai| uttara meM kahA gayA hai ki yaha koI doSa nahIM hai kyoMki anya kI cintA nivRtti kI apekSA vaha asat kahA jAtA hai aura apane viSaya meM pravRtti hone ke kAraNa vaha sat kahA jAtA hai| abhAva bhAvAntara svabhAva hotA hai| abhAva vastu kA dharma hai| yaha bAta sapakSasatva aura vipakSavyAvRtti Adi hetu ke aMgoM dvArA siddha hotI hai| jaina darzana ke anusAra aisA nirodha yA abhAva tucchAbhAva nahIM hai| dhyAna ke aMga dhyAna ke cAra aMgoM kA ullekha karate hae jJAnArNava meM kahA gayA hai- 'dhyAtA dhyAnaM tathA dhyeyaM phalaM ceti ctussttym|'4 dhyAtA, dhyAna, dhyeya aura dhyAnaphala ye cAra dhyAna ke aMga haiN| zubhacandrAcArya ke anusAra mokSa kA icchuka, saMsAra se virakta, zAnta citta vAlA, mana ko vaza meM rakhane vAlA, AsanAdi meM sthira rahane vAlA jitendriya, saMvarayukta aura dhairyazAlI ko dhyAna kI siddhi ke yogya dhyAtA kahA gayA hai| unhoMne gRhasthAvasthA meM dhyAna kI siddhi kA niSedha karate hue muni avasthA meM hI dhyAna kI siddhi mAnI hai| ve spaSTatayA likhate haiM ki - 'na pramAdajanyaM kartu dhIdhanairapi paaryte| mahAvyasanasaMkIrNe gRhvaase'tinindite||5

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anekAnta 66/1, janavarI-mArca 2013 ___arthAt aneka kaSToM bhare hue atinindita gRhavAsa meM bar3e-bar3e buddhimAn bhI pramAda ko parAjita karane meM samartha nahIM hai| isa kAraNa gRhasthAvasthA meM dhyAna kI siddhi nahIM ho sakatI hai| isI prakAra yati ho jAne para bhI mithyAdRSTiyoM ko dhyAna kI siddhi nahIM hotI hai - 'dhyAnasiddhiryatitve'pi na syAtpASaNDinAM kvcit| ukta donoM kathanoM kI AcAryazrI ne aneka dRSTAntoM/ tarko ke sAtha siddhi kI hai| dhyeya viSaya kA vivecana karate hue AcArya zubhacandra spaSTa karate haiM ki nirmala vastu dhyeya hai, avastu dhyeya nahIM hai| dhyeya do prakAra kA hai-cetana aura acetn| cetana to jIva hai aura acetana paJca dravya hai| ye sarvathA nitya yA anitya nahIM haiN| inameM mUrtika bhI haiM aura amUrtika bhI haiN| caitanya dhyeya sakala evaM nikala paramAtmA arthAt arahanta bhagavAn evaM siddha bhagavAn haiN| ve likhate haiM - _ 'zuddhadhyAnavizIrNakarmakavaco devazca muktervrH| sarvajJaH sakalaH zivaH sa bhagavAn siddhaH paro nissklH||" jo cetana yA acetana jisa rUpa meM avasthita hai, usakA vahI rUpa dhyeya hai| kahA bhI hai __'amI jIvAdayo bhaavaashcidcillkssnnlaanychitaaH| tatsvarUpAvirodhena dhyeyA dharme mniissibhiH||" dhyAna kA phala do prakAra kahA gayA hai - laukika aura paarmaarthik| laukika phala vAle sabhI dhyAna aprazasta kahe gaye haiM, ataH ve kudhyAna haiN| tattvAnuzAsana meM to spaSTatayA kahA gayA hai ki laukika phala ko cAhane vAloM ko jo dhyAna hotA hai, vaha yA to ArtadhyAna yA raudrdhyaan|' ye donoM hI dhyAna aprazasta hote haiN| yahA~ yaha avadheya hai ki anya paramparA meM dhyAna kI siddhi ke lie jo aSTAMga yoga kA vivecana kiyA gayA hai athavA yama, niyama ko chor3akara AsAna, prANAyAma, pratyAhAra, dhAraNA, dhyAna aura samAdhi ina chaha aMgoM kA vivecana kiyA gayA hai, vaha mana kI sthiratA aura zuddhatA ke lie hai| inakA jAnanA bhI yogya hai| kahA bhI gayA hai - 'aMgAnyaSTAvapi prAyaH pryojnvshaatkvcit| uktAnyatraiva tAnyuccairvidAnkurvantu yoginH||" dhyAna aura bhAvanA dhyAna evaM bhAvanA kA sUkSma antara spaSTa karate hue AcArya zubhacandra kahate haiM - 'ekAcintAnirodho yastaddhyAnaM bhAvanA praa| anuprekSArthacintA vA tjjnyairbhyupgmyte||" arthAt jo eka viSaya yA jJeya meM citta ThaharA huA hai, vaha to dhyAna hai aura isase bhinna hai so bhAvanA hai| ise dhyAna ke jAnakAroM ne anuprekSA yA arthacintA kahA hai| dhyAna aura jJAna yadyapi dhyAna jJAna kI hI paryAya hai tathApi dhyAna meM antaHkaraNa ke saMkoca ke kAraNa kathaMcit bhinnatA bhI kahI gaI hai|

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anekAnta 66/1, janavarI-mArca 2013 dhyAna ke bheda sAmAnyatayA dhyAna ke do bheda kiye jAte haiM - prazasta dhyAna aura aprazasta dhyaan| jJAnArNava meM jIva ke Azaya ke AdhAra para dhyAna ke tIna bheda kiye haiM - prazasta dhyAna, aprazasta dhyAna aura zuddha dhyaan| puNya rUpa Azaya ke vaza se tathA zuddha lezyA ke avalaMbana se aura vastu ke yathArtha svarUpa ke cintana se jo dhyAna utpanna hotA hai, vaha prazasta kahalAtA hai| jIvoM ke pApa rUpa Azaya ke vaza se tathA moha, mithyAtva, kaSAya evaM tattvoM ke ayathArtha cintana se jo dhyAna utpanna hotA hai, vaha aprazasta kahalAtA hai| rAgAdi kI santAna ke kSINa hone para antaraMga AtmA ke prasanna hone se jo apane svarUpa kI prApti hotI hai, use zuddha dhyAna kahate haiN| zabha dhyAna ke phala se manuSya ko svarga evaM krama se mokSa kI prApti hotI hai| azabha dhyAna yA dAna se durgati kI prApti hotI hai tathA prayAsapUrvaka bhI azubha karma kA kSaya nahIM hotA hai| zuddha dhyAna se jIvoM ko kevalajJAna kI prApti hotI hai|13 vAstava meM prazasta dhyAna puNyabandha, aprazasta dhyAna pApabandha tathA zuddhadhyAna mokSaprApti kA kAraNa hai| zrI zubhacandrAcArya ne anyatra dhyAna ke prazasta evaM aprazasta do bheda bhI kiye haiN| ve kahate hai ki ye iSTa evaM aniSTaphala kI prApti ke kAraNa bhUta haiN| jisa dhyAna meM muni vItarAga hokara vastu svarUpa kA cintana kare vaha dhyAna prazasta evaM mohI jIva vastu kA ayathArtha cintana kare vaha dhyAna aprazasta hai| aprazasta dhyAna jIvoM ke anAdi vAsanAjanya hai tathA upadeza ke binA svayameva hotA hai| aprazastadhyAna Arta evaM rauda ke bheda se do prakAra kA tathA prazasta dhyAna dharma evaM zukla ke bheda se do prakAra kA hotA hai| inameM Arta evaM rauda nAmaka aprazasta dhyAna atyanta duHkhadAyI haiM tathA dharma evaM zukla nAmaka prazasta dhyAna karmoM kA nAza karane meM samartha hai|14 tattvArthasUtra meM "Artaraudadhaya'zuklAni'15 kahakara Arta, rauda, dharma, zukla dhyAnoM kA vivecana kiyA gayA hai, ve aprazasta evaM prazasta do dhyAnoM meM antarbhUta haiN| 1. Arta dhyAna - Arta zabda kI nirukti karate hue AcArya pUjyapAda ne likhA hai ki 'RtaM duHkham ardanamartirvA tatra bhvmaartm| arthAt Arta zabda Rta athavA arti se banA hai| inakA artha duHkha hai| inameM jo hotA hai, vaha ArtadhyAna hai| saMsArI jIva ke hara samaya kalaSita pariNAma rahate haiN| ArtadhyAna kA vivecana karate hue jJAnArNava meM kahA gayA hai - 'Rte bhavamathArtta syAd asaddhyAnaM shriirinnaam| dvdigmohaanmtttaatulymvidyaavaasnaavshaat|| Rta arthAta pIDA meM jo utpanna hotA hai, vaha ArtadhyAna hai, yaha aprazasta hai| jaise kisI prANI ke dizAoM ke bhUla jAne se unmattatA hotI hai, yaha dhyAna usake samAna hai| yaha dhyAna avidyA kI vAsanA se utpanna hotA hai| ArtadhyAna ke bheda ArtadhyAna cAra prakAra kA hotA hai - aniSTasaMyogaja, iSTaviyogaja, rogaprakopaja yA vedanAjanya aura nidaanjny|18 inakA svarUpa nAma se hI spaSTa hai| manuSyoM ke iSTa bhogAdika kI siddhi ke lie tathA zatru ke ghAta ke lie athavA ucca pada kI prApti ke lie jo vAMchA hai yA pUjA-pratiSThA kI yAcanA ke lie jo cintana hai, vaha nidAnajanya ArtadhyAna hai|

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8 anekAnta 66/1, janavarI-mArca 2013 ArtadhyAna ke svAmI yaha ArtadhyAna chaThe guNasthAna taka ho sakatA hai| pA~caveM guNasthAna taka to yaha cAroM prakAra kA hotA hai kintu chaThe guNasthAnavartI muni ke nidAnajanya ArtadhyAna ko choDakara zeSa tIna prakAra kA hI hotA hai| yaha ArtadhyAna kRSNa, nIla aura kApota lezyAoM ke bala se prakaTa hotA hai tathA yaha pApa rUpI dAvAgni ko utpanna karane vAlA hai| ArtadhyAna kA phala ArtadhyAna se tiryacagati kI prApti hotI hai| yaha kSAyopazamika bhAva hai tathA eka viSaya para antarmuhUrta paryanta hI rahatA hai| zaMkA, bhaya, pramAda, asAvadhAnI, kalaha cittabhrama, bhrAnti, viSaya bhoga kI utkaNThA, nidAgamana, mUrchA Adi isake cihna haiN|20 2. raudra dhyAna - AcArya pUjyapAda ne raudra zabda kI nirukti isa prakAra kI hai - 'rudraH krUrAzayastasya karma tatra bhavaM vA raudrm|| arthAt rudra kA artha krUra Azaya hai, isakA karma yA isameM hone vAlA bhAva raudra hai| isI ko jJAnArNava meM isa prakAra kahA gayA hai 'rudraH krUrAzayaH prANI prnniitstttvdrshibhiH| rudrasya karma bhAvo vA raudrmitybhidhiiyte||122 tattvadRSTAoM ne krUra Azaya vAle prANI ko rudra kahA hai| usa rudra prANI ke kArya athavA bhAva ko raudra kahate haiN| hiMsA Adi pApa kArya karake vikatthanA - DIMgeM mArane kA bhAva raudra dhyAna kahalAtA hai| raudradhyAna ke bheda rudra Azaya se utpanna huA bhayAnaka raudra dhyAna cAra prakAra kA kahA gayA hai- hiMsAnanda, mRSAnanda, cauryAnanda aura vissysNrkssnnaannd| inakA svarUpa nAma se hI spaSTa hai| raudradhyAna ke svAmI raudadhyAna paJcama guNasthAna taka ho sakatA hai| yaha chaThe gaNasthAnavartI sAdhu ko kadApi saMbhava nahIM hai| raudra dhyAna ke svAmI kA varNana karate hue AcArya zubhacandra ne likhA hai ki kRSNa lezyA ke bala se yukta, narakapAta rUpa phala vAlA yaha raudradhyAna paMcama gaNasthAna taka kI bhUmikA meM hotA hai|24 yahA~ yaha avadheya hai ki paMcama guNasthAna meM kRSNa lezyA to hotI nahIM hai aura na narakAyu kA baMdha hai, ataH paMcama guNasthAna meM raudadhyAna gRhakArya ke saMskAra se lezamAtra samajhanA caahie| raudradhyAna kA phala raudra dhyAna se naraka gati kI prApti hotI hai| ise zubhacandrAcArya ne 'zvabhapAtaphalAMkitam' kahakara spaSTa kiyA hai| karatA. daNDa kI kaThoratA, vaMcakatA, nirdayatA, isake antaraMga tathA netroM kI lAlimA, akuTiyoM kA Ter3hApana, bhayAnaka AkRti, deha kA kAMpanA evaM pasInA AnA bAhya cinha hai| 3. dharmadhyAna - sAdhaka sAmyabhAva kA abhyAsa karane ke lie jaba ekAgra hokara kisI iSTa padArtha ko nirantara dhyAtA hai, usakA dhyAna dharmadhyAna kahalAtA hai| zubhacandrAcArya kA kathana hai ki prazamatA kA avalaMbana karake apane mana ko vaza meM karake viSayasevana se virakta hokara dharma dhyAna hotA hai|

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anekAnta 66/1, janavarI-mArca 2013 dharmadhyAna ke dhyAtA meM jJAnavairAgyasampannatA, saMsAra se viraktatA, hRdaya kI dRr3hatA, mokSa kI icchA, zAnta pariNAma tathA dhairya kA honA Avazyaka hai| dharma dhyAna kI siddhi tabhI hotI hai, jaba dhyAtA ke hRdaya meM maitrI, pramoda, kAruNya evaM mAdhyastha bhAva ho|' dharmadhyAna ke bheda - dharmadhyAna ke bhedoM kA kathana karate hue jJAnArNava meM kahA gayA hai - "AjJApAyavipAkAnAM kramazaH sNsthitestthaa| vicayo ya pRthak taddhi dharmadhyAnaM cturvidhm||28 arthAt AjJA, apAya, vipAka aura saMsthiti yA saMsthAna kA jo vicAra-cintana (vicaya) hai, ina cAroM nAma vAle cAra prakAra ke dharmadhyAna haiN| arthAt dharmadhyAna ke cAra bheda haiM - AjJAvicaya, apAyavicaya, vipAkavicaya aura sNsthaanvicy| bhagavAna kI AjJA kA cintana AjJAvicaya dharmadhyAna hai| karmoM ke upAya-nAza kA cintana apAyavicaya kahalAtA hai| karmodaya yA karma ke phala ke udaya cintana vipAkavicaya dharmadhyAna hai| vipAka kA artha phala hai| loka ke AkAra Adi kA cintana saMsthAnavicaya nAmaka dharma dhyAna kahalAtA hai| dharmadhyAna ke svAmI dharmadhyAna samyagdarzanapUrvaka hotA hai ataH vaha caturtha, paMcama, SaSTha evaM saptama guNasthAnoM meM hotA hai| yaha zreNI ArohaNa ke pahale hotA hai| tattvArthAdhigamabhASya meM dharmadhyAna kevala apramattasaMyama nAmaka saptama guNasthAna meM kahA gayA hai, jo ThIka pratIta nahIM hotA hai| Age zreNI ArohaNa meM zakla dhyAna hI mAnA gayA hai| dharmadhyAna kI sthiti antarmuhUrta hai| dharma dhyAna vAle ke kSAyopazamika bhAva aura zukla lezyA hotI hai| dharmadhyAna kA phala zrI zubhacandrAcArya ne dharmadhyAna ke phala kA vistRta vivecana kiyA hai| dharmadhyAna ke prabhAva se jIva vaibhavazAlI kalpavAsI deva, graiveyaka, anuttara vimAna tathA sarvArthasiddhi ke deva banate haiN| usake bAda manuSya bhava pAkara zukladhyAna dhAraNa kara samasta karmoM kA nAzakara avinAzI mokSa pada ko prApta hote haiN| isa prakAra dharmadhyAna kA phala paramparayA mokSaprApti kahI gaI hai| indriyoM meM malaMpaTatA kA bhAva, Arogya, mana kI acaMcalatA, niSThuratA kA na honA, zarIra meM sugandhita, mala-mUtra kI alpatA, zarIra kI kAnti, prasannatA, susvaratA Adi dharmadhyAnI ke cinha kahe gaye haiN| dharmadhyAna se 4-5-6-7 guNasthAnoM meM Age-Age asaMkhyAtaguNI karmoM kI nirjarA hotI hai|" paJcamakAla meM bhI dharmadhyAna paJcama kAla meM zukla dhyAna nahIM ho sakatA hai, ataH isa kAla meM sAkSAt mokSa kI prApti saMbhava nahIM hai| kucha loga aisA kahate haiM ki jaba isa paMcama kAla meM mokSa nahIM hai to dhyAna karane se kyA lAbha hai? unheM yaha samajhane kI AvazyakatA hai ki yadyapi paMcama kAla meM zakla dhyAna na hone se sAkSAt mokSa nahIM hai, kintu mokSa ke paramparA sAdhaka dharmadhyAna kA abhAva nahIM hai| zubhacandrAcArya likhate haiM - 'duHSamatvAdayaM kAlaH kAryasiddherna saadhkm| ityuktvA svasya cAnyeSAM kaizciddhyAnaM nissidhyte|| arthAt koI-koI aisA kahakara apane tathA para ke dhyAna kA niSedha karate haiM ki duHkham kAla hone se isa kAla meM dhyAna kI yogyatA nahI hai| aisA kahane vAloM ko dhyAna kaise ho sakatA

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anekAnta 66/1, janavarI-mArca 2013 hai? arthAt nahIM ho sktaa| vastutaH dharma dhyAna sAkSAt nahIM paramparA se mokSa kA kAraNa hai| kahA bhI hai 'zubhadhyAnaphalodbhUtAM zriyaM tridshsNbhvaam| nirvizanti narAH nAke kramAd yAnti paraM pdm|| 4. zukla dhyAna - zukladhyAna ke svarUpa kA vivecana karate hue bhI zubhacandrAcArya ne kahA hai 'niSkriya karaNAtItaM dhyaandhaarnnvrjitm| antarmukhaM ca yaccittaM tacchuklamiti ptthyte||5 jo niSkriya arthAt kriyA rahita hai, indriyAtIta hai, aura dhyAna kI dhAraNA se rahita hai arthAt 'maiM isakA dhyAna karUM' aisI icchA se rahita hai aura jisameM citta antarmukha arthAt apane svarUpa ke hI sanmukha hai, usa dhyAna ko zukla dhyAna kahate haiN| isa dhyAna ke zukla nAmakaraNa ke sambandha meM jJAnArNava meM eka AryA ko uddhRta kiyA gayA hai 'zuciguNayogAcchuklaM kaSAyarajasaH kSayAdupazamAd vaa| ___ vaiDUryamaNizikhAmiva sunirmalaM niSprakampaM c||10 arthAt AtmA ke zuci guNa ke sambandha se isakA nAma zukla par3A hai| kaSAya rUpI rAja ke kSaya se athavA upazama se AtmA ke atyanta nirmala pariNAma hote haiM, vahI zuci guNa kA yoga hai| yaha zukla dhyAna vaiDUrya maNi kI zikhA ke samAna sunirmala evaM niSkaMpa hai| zukladhyAna ke bheda zukla dhyAna ke cAra bheda haiM - pRthakatvavirtakavIcAra, ekatvavitarka avIcAra, sUkSmakriyApratipAti aura vyuprtkriyaanivRtti| inameM prathama zukla dhyAna virtaka, vIcAra evaM pRthaktva sahita hai| dvitIya ekatva evaM vitarka sahita hai, kintu vIcAra rahita hai| tRtIya zukla dhyAna meM upayoga kI kriyA nahI hai kintu kAya kI kriyA atyanta sUkSma hai, ataH isakI sUkSma kriyA apratipAti aisA sArthaka nAma hai| caturtha zukla dhyAna meM kAya kI kriyA bhI bilkula naSTa ho jAtI hai, ataH ise anvartha vyuparatakriyAnivRtti yA samucchinnakriyA nAma se kahA jAtA hai| virtaka zruta ko kahate haiM tathA vIcAra kA artha saMkramaNa hai| saMkramaNa eka padArtha se anya padArtha meM, eka vyaMjana se anya vyaMjana meM tathA eka yoga se anya yoga meM hotA hai| kahA bhI gayA hai 'arthAdartha vacaH zabdaM yogAdyogaM smaashryet| paryAyAdapi paryAyaM drvyaannoshcintyednnum|| arthAt eka artha se anya artha kA, eka zabda se anya zabda kA, eka yoga se anya yoga kA, eka paryAya se anya paryAya kA aura eka dravyANu se anya dravyANu kA cintana kre| zukla dhyAna ke svAmI prathama pRthaktvavirtakavIcAra nAmaka prathama zukla dhyAna mana, vacana, kAya tInoM yogoM vAle muniyoM ke hotA hai| dvitIya ekatvavirtaka-avIcAra tInoM meM se kisI eka yoga se hI hotA hai| tRtIya sUkSmakriyA'pratipAti zukla dhyAna kevala kAya yoga vAle ke hI hotA hai tathA caturtha vyuparatakriyAnivRtti nAmaka caturtha zukla dhyAna yoogeM se sarvathA rahita ayogakevalI ke hotA hai|"

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anekAnta 66/1, janavarI-mArca 2013 ye cAroM prakAra ke zukladhyAna vajavRSabhanArAca saMhanana ke dhArI, 14pUrvo ke jJAtA evaM nirmala cAritra ke dhAraka ke hI hote haiN| zukla dhyAna kA phala zukla dhyAna kA phala sAkSAt mokSa kI prApti hai| tRtIya zukla dhyAna ke anantara ayoga guNasthAna ke upAntya bhAga meM mukti kI pratibandhaka 72 karma prakRtiyoM kA nAza ho jAtA hai tathA caturtha zukla dhyAna prakaTa ho jAtA hai| tadantara ayoga guNasthAna ke anta meM zeSa bacI 13 karmapravRttiyAM bhI naSTa ho jAtI haiM tathA mukti kI prApti ho jAtI hai|" caturvidha dhyAnoM meM heyopAdeyatA uparyukta caturvidha dhyAnoM meM Adi ke do Arta aura raudra dhyAna tyAjya haiM, kyoMki ve khoTe haiM tathA saMsAra ko bar3hAne vAle haiM tathA anta ke do dharma aura zukla dhyAna grAhya haiM, kyoMki ve paramparayA yA sAkSAt mokSa ke sAdhaka haiN| aihika phala vAle jo bhI dhyAna haiM ve saba aprazasta haiM tathA unakA samAveza Arta yA raudra ke antargata hotA hai| jJAnI muniyoM ne vidyAnuvAda pUrva se asaMkhyAta prakAra ke vidveSaNa, uccATana Adi karma prakaTa kiye hai|, parantu ve saba kumArga evaM kudhyAna haiN| zubhacandrAcArya kA kahanA hai - 'svapnepi kautukenApi nAsaddhyAnAni yogibhiH| sevyAni yAnti bIjatvaM yataH snmaarghaanye||42 arthAt yogI muniyoM ko cAhie ki aprazasta dhyAnoM ko ve kautuka se svapna meM bhI na vicaareN| kyoMki aprazasta dhyAna sanmArga kI hAni ke lie kAraNa hai| khoTe dhyAna ke kAraNa sanmArga se vicalita hue citta ko koI saikar3oM varSoM meM bhI sanmArga meM lAne meM samartha nahIM ho sakatA hai, isa kAraNa khoTA dhyAna kadApi nahIM karanA caahie| khoTe dhyAna kutUhala meM bhI kiye jAne para apane hI nAza ke kAraNa banate haiN| jo loga rAgAgni se prajvalita hokara mudrA, maMDala, yantra, mantra Adi sAdhanoM ke dvArA kAmI-krodhI kudevoM kA Adara se samArAdhana karate haiM, ve duSTa AzA se pIr3ita tathA bhogoM kI pIr3A se vaMcita hokara naraka meM par3ate haiN| ataH vahI dhyAna upAdeya hai jo karmoM kA nAza karane meM samartha hai| yadyapi yaha satya hai ki aprazasta dhyAnoM se bhI anekoM laukika prayojanoM kI siddhi ho jAtI hai. aise mantrAdi kA bhI vistRta vivecana haA hai, tathApi aise dhyAna karaNIya nahI hai| kyoMki dhyAna karane vAlA yogI vItarAga kA dhyAna karatA huA vItarAga hokara karmoM se chUTa jAtA hai aura rAgI kA avalaMbana karake dhyAna karane se rAgI hokara krUra karmoM ke Azrita ho jAtA hai arthAt azubha karmoM se baMdha jAtA hai| laukika dhyAnoM kA nirdeza mAtra dhyAna kI zakti ko dikhAne ke lie kiyA gayA hai, anya koI isakA prayojana nahIM hai| jJAnArNava meM kahA gayA hai ki aneka prakAra kI vikriyA rUpa asAra dhyAna mArga kA Azraya lene vAle krodhI taka ko aisI zakti utpanna ho jAtI hai, jisakA devatA bhI ciMtana nahIM kara sakate haiN| phira svabhAva se ananta aura jagatprasiddha prabhAva kA dhAraka yaha AtmA yadi samAdhi meM jor3A jAye to samasta jagata ko apane caraNoM meM lIna kara letA hai arthAt kevalajJAna prApta kara letA hai|'

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anekAnta 66/1 janavarI-mArca 2013 arahaMta kA dhyAna karane vAlA yogI svayaM arahaMta bana jAtA hai, aisI dhyAna meM apratima zakti hai / abhyAsa ke sAmarthya se muni ko sarvajJa ke svarUpa se tanmayatA ho jAtI hai tathA vaha muni aisA mAnane lagatA hai ki yaha AtmA vahI sarvajJa deva hai, anya nahIM hai| " tattvAnuzAsana meM isI tathya ko isa prakAra prakaTa kiyA gayA hai 'pariNamate yenAtmA bhAvena sa tena tanmayo bhavati / arhadadhyAnAviSTo bhAvAt svayaM tasmAt // arthAt jo AtmA jisa bhAva rUpa pariNamana karatA hai, vaha usa bhAva ke sAtha tanmaya hotA hai| ataH arahanta ke dhyAna se vyApta AtmA svayaM bhAva arahanta hotA hai| 12 dhyAna ke ayogya sAdhuoM kI pahicAna AtmA kA hita dhyAna meM hI hai| isa kAraNa jo karmoM se mukta hone ke icchuka sAdhu haiM, unheM kaSAyoM kI mandatA ke lie tatpara hokara karmoM kA nAza karane ke lie dhyAna hI ekamAtra avalambana hai| " kintu siddhAnta meM dhyAna kevala mithyAdRSTiyoM ko hI nahIM, apitu jinendra- AjJA ke pratikUla calita citta vAle sAdhuoM ko bhI niSiddha kahA gayA hai| jinameM muni avasthA meM bhI dhyAna kI yogyatA nahI hai, zrI zubhacandrAcArya ne unakI pahicAna isa prakAra batalAI hai - 1. mana-vacana-karma meM bhinnatA vAle mAyAcArI / 2. nirgrantha hokara bhI parigraha rakhane vaale| 3. saMyamadhArI hone para bhI dhairya se rahita / 4. kIrti, pratiSThA aura abhimAna meM Asakta / 5. mithyAtva ke kAraNa tattvoM ko pramANa rUpa na mAnane vAle / 6. nya siddhAntoM se ThagI gaI buddhi vAle / 7. nAstika vAdiyoM kI kuyuktiyoM se prabhAvita citta vAle / 8. rAgaraMjita kAndarpI, kailviSI, AbhiyogikI, AsurI evaM sammohinI bhAvanAoM vaale| 9. bheda vijJAna se rhit| 10. sukha, aNimA-mahimAdi Rddhi evaM rasIle bhojanAMkSI / 11. pApAbhicAra khoTe karmoM meM rata / 12. dhanopArjana meM saMlagna Adi anekavidha kAryoM meM rata muniyoM ko dhyAna ke ayogya kahA hai|" dhanopArjana karane vAle sAdhu ke lie kahA gayA hai ki jaise koI apanI mAtA ko vezyA banAkara usase dhanopArjana karatA hai, vaise hI jo muni hokara usa muni dIkSA ko jIvana kA upAya banAte haiM aura usake dhanopArjana karate haiM, ve atyanta nirlajja haiN| PD saMdarbha - 1. paMcAdhyAyI uttarArdha, 842 3. sarvArthasiddhi, 9/27 5. vahI, 4/9 7. vahI, 31/17 kA uttarAdha 9. tattvAnuzAsana, 220 2. 4. 6. 8. jJAnArNava, sarga 25. kArikA 16 jJAnArNava, sarga 4, kArikA 5 vahI, 4 / 19 jJAnArNava, 31/18 10. jJAnArNava, 22/4

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anekAnta 66/1, janavarI-mArca 2013 11. vahI, 25/16 12. AdipurANa, 21/15-16 13. jJAnArNava, 3/28-34 14. vahI, 25/17-21 15. tattvArthasUtra, 9/28 16. sarvArthasiddhi, 9/228 17. jJAnArNava, 25/23 18. vahI, 25/4 19. vahI, 25/38-40 20. vahI, 25/41-43 21. sarvArthasiddhi, 9/28 22. jJAnArNava, 26/2 23. vahI, 26/3 24. vahI, 26/36 25. vahI, 26/37-38 26. jJAnArNava, 27/1 27. vahI, 27/3-4 28. vahI, 33/5 29. draSTavya- tattvArthavArtika 9/36-37 30. jJAnArNava, 41/14 31. vahI, 41/16-27 32. jJAnArNava 41/15 ke pazcAt 'uktaM ca' kahakara pradatta zloka kA bhAva tathA 41/12-13 33. vahI, 4/37 34. vahI, 3/32 35. jJAnArNava, 42/4 36. vahI, 42/5 ke pazcAt uddhRta zloka 37. vahI, 42/13-17 38. vahI, 42/17 ke pazcAt uddhRta zloka 39. jJAnArNava, 42/12 40. vahI, 42/5 41. vahI, 42/52-54 42. vahI, 40/6 43. jJAnArNava, 40/6-10 44. vahI, 40/1 45. vahI, 40/3,5 46. draSTavya-jJAnArNava, 39/41-43 47. tattvAnuzAsana, 190 48. jJAnArNava, 3/14 49. vahI, 4/32-55 50. vahI, 4/56 - upAcArya evaM adhyakSa, saMskRta esa.DI. kAleja, mujaphpharanagara (u.pra.)

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nATyazAstra meM prAkRta vyAkaraNa ke niyama - pro. kamalezakumAra jaina bhAratIya paramparA meM bharatamuni dvArA likhA gayA nATyazAstra eka bahucarcita evaM pratiSThita grantha hai| isameM aneka viSayoM ko samAhita kiyA gayA hai| nATyavidyA kA to yaha Akara grantha hI hai| ataH nATya prayogoM ke lie paravartI nATyAcAryoM ne prAyaH isI grantha kA anusaraNa kiyA hai| phalasvarUpa sabhI nATyAcArya jahA~ AcArya bharatamuni ke anuyAyI haiM, vahIM ve unake RNI bhI haiN| raMgamaMcoM kI zobhA rUpakoM se hotI hai| dazarUpakakAra ne rUpakoM ke daza bhedoM kA nirupaNa kiyA hai| paravartI AcArya rAmacandra guNabhadra ne rUpaka ke bAraha bhedoM kA ullekha kiyA hai| ina rUpakoM meM saMskRta nATaka sarvopari hai| AcArya bharatamuni ne saMskRta rUpakoM meM prayukta hone vAlI bhASAoM ke cAra bheda kiye haiN| :- atibhASA, AryabhASA, jAtibhASA aura yonyantarI bhASA / 1 inameM vaidika zabda bahula bhASA ko ati bhASA zreSThajana kI bhASA AryabhASA aura manuSyettara athavA pazu-pakSiyoM kI bhASA yonyantarI bhASA hai| jAtibhASA ke do bheda haiM- saMskRta aura praakRt| ina donoM bhASAoM kA prayoga rUpakoM kiMvA saMskRta nATakoM meM pAtroM ke anusAra kiyA jAtA hai| ina rUpakoM athavA saMskRta nATakoM meM bhI mAtrA kI dRSTi se dekhA jAye to saMskRta kI apekSA prAkRta bhASA kA prayoga pracura mAtrA meM pAyA jAtA hai| ataH prAkRta bhASA bahula hone ke kAraNa inheM bhASA kI dRSTi se prAkRta nATaka kahA jA sakatA hai, kintu inakI prakRti saMskRta nATakAnurUpa hai| ataeva inheM saMskRta nATaka kahanA hI ucita hai| saMskRta nATakakAroM ne svataMtra rUpa se prAkRta bhASA meM likhe gaye rUpakoM kIeka vidhA ko saTTaka ke nAma se svIkAra kiyA hai| karpUra maJjarI vilAsavatI, caMdalehA, AnandasuMdarI, siMgAramaMjarI aura rambhAmaMjarI Adi rUpaka grantha saTTaka ke rUpa meM prasiddha haiN| AcArya bharatamuni ne apane nATyazAstra meM prAkRta bhASA ke jina sAta bhedoM kA ullekha kiyA hai, ve haiM - 1. mAgadhI, 2. avantijA, 3. prAcyA, 4. zaurasenI, 5. ardhamAgadhI, 6. bAhmIkA aura 7. dAkSiNAtyA / 2 ye prAkRta bhASAe~ prAyaH kSetrIya bhASAoM ke rUpa meM pratiSThita haiN| inake atirikta zakAra, AbhIra, cANDAla, zabara, dravir3a aura vanecaroM Adi kI bhASAe~ bhI haiM, jo deza, kAla aura pAtroM ke anurUpa saMskRta rUpakoM athavA nATakoM meM prayukta kI gaI haiN| mukhasukha kI dRSTi se bhASAe~ sadaiva pravahamAna rahI haiN| inake rUpa deza, kAla aura vyakti ke AdhAra para badalate rahe haiN| ataH bhASAzAstriyoM ne inheM bolacAla kI bhASA athavA bolI ke rUpa meM pratiSThita kiyA hai| kintu jaba ye boliyA~ sAhitya kA rUpa dhAraNa kara letI haiM aura likhita rUpa meM A jAtI haiM to inheM kucha vizeSa niyamoM meM jakar3a diyA jAtA hai, jisase AgAmI pIr3hI unhIM zabdoM kA prayoga kare jo pUrva meM pratiSThita ho gaye haiN| isase artha meM prAyaH ekarUpatA banI rahatI hai| pUrvApara zabda rUpoM meM ekatA banAye rakhane ke liye jina vizeSa niyamoM ko vidvajjana sthApita karate haiM, ve hI niyama kAlAntara meM vyAkaraNa kA rUpa dhAraNa kara lete haiN|

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anekAnta 66/1, janavarI-mArca 2013 15 vyAkaraNa ke kaThora niyamoM meM ba~dha jAne ke kAraNa saMskRta bhASA uttara-dakSiNa, pUrva-pazcima evaM videzoM meM bhI ekarUpatA dhAraNa kiye hue haiN| ataH kisI bhI deza athavA kisI bhI kAla meM prayukta saMskRta bhASA eka hI artha ko vyakta karatI hai| hajAroM varSa pUrva saMskRta meM likhe gaye zilAlekhoM athavA saMskRta-granthoM meM Aja bhI saMskRta vyAkaraNa kI kaThoratA ke kAraNa ekarUpatA hai| arthAt eka hI artha ko vyakta karate haiN| prAkRta bhASA ko bhI jaba vyAkaraNa ke niyamoM meM jakaDa diyA gayA to prAkRta bhASA bhI deza-kAla kI paridhi se bAhara nikala gaI aura usameM bhI pUrvApara zabda prayogoM meM ekarUpatA A gii| yataH prAkRta bhASA janasAmAnya kI bhASA hai, bolacAla kI bhASA hai, ataH isameM nitya parivartana hote gaye aura AcArya bharatamuni ne bhI una parivartanoM ko deza-kAla ke anurUpa svIkAra kara usake pUrvokta sAta bhedoM kA nirUpaNa kiyA hai| jaise bA~dha hamezA pAnI ko Age bar3hane se rokatA hai aura use sthira kara detA hai vaise hI vyAkaraNa hamezA bhASA ke vikAsa ko roka detI hai aura use sthira karane kA prayAsa karatI hai| yadyapi prAkRta bhASA ko samaya-samaya para vyAkaraNa ke kaThora niyamoM se bA~dhA avazya gayA hai, kintu usakA pravAha rokane meM vaiyAkaraNa pUrNataH saphala nahIM ho sake haiM aura yadi ve saphala bhI huye haiM to unakI sImA sAhityArur3ha prAkRta bhASA taka hI rahI hai| bolacAla ke rUpa meM prayukta prAkRta bhASA Aja bhI pravahamAna hai| yataH prAkRta bhASA Aja bhI prAkRta bhASA hI hai| athavA prAkRta bhASA kA vikAsa hai| Aja jina bhI bhAratIya AryabhASAoM kA vikAsa huA hai, vaha prAkRta bhASA se hI huA hai| prAkRta bhASA ke vividha rUpoM ko sameTanA eka muzkila kArya hai, ataH saMskRtajJoM ne saMskRta bhASA kI taraha prAkRta bhASA ke vikAsa ko rokane ke liye prAkRta sambandhI vyAkaraNa zAstroM kI racanA kI hai| yataH saMskRta nATakoM meM prayukta hone vAlI prAkRta bhASA se jo saMskRtajJa anabhijJa the aura saMskRta rUpaka athavA nATaka likhanA cAhate the, unake liye bharatamuni ne apane nATyazAstra meM yaha batalAne kAprayAsa kiyA hai ki jo bhI saMskRtajJa prAkRtabhASA se aparicita haiM aura saMskRta nATakoM ke lekhana meM abhirUci rakhate haiM, ve saMskRta nATakoM meM prayukta adhama evaM strIpAtroM ke mukha se bole jAne vAle saMvAda tadanukUla prAkRta bhASA meM hI likheM, isake lie bharatamuni ne saMskRta bhASA meM cintita saMvAdoM ko prAkRta bhASA meM kaise parivartita kareM? isake kucha niyama banAye haiM, jinakA vivecana isa prakAra hai : sarvaprathama yahA~ yaha jJAtavya hai ki bharatamuni ne prAkRta bhASA ko 'saMskAraguNavarjita' vizeSaNa se abhihita kiyA hai| isakA sAmAnya artha yaha hai ki jo bhASA saMskAra guNoM se sampanna hai arthAt saMskArita hai, vaha bhASA saMskRta hai aura usase itara prAkRta bhASA saMskAra guNoM se rahita hai| saMskRta nATakoM meM prAkRta bhASA ke tIna rUpa dikhalAI dete haiM- tatsama, tadbhava aura deshj|' kamala, amala, reNu, taraMga, lola, salila Adi zabda rUpa tatsama haiN| kyoMki ye zabda saMskRta bhASA aura prAkRta bhASA meM samAna rUpa dhAraNa karate haiN| prAkRta bhASA meM kina-kina varNoM kA prayoga hotA hai aura kina-kina vargoM kA prayoga nahIM hotA hai? isakA bhI ullekha bharatamuni ne kiyA hai| ve likhate haiM ki- saMskRta bhASA meM prayukta e aura o svara ke pazcAt parigaNita ai aura au tathA anusvAra (-) ke pazcAt prayukta hone vAle visarga () kA prAkRta bhASA meM prayoga nahIM kiyA jAtA hai| isI prakAra R, R, lU aura ladhu - ina

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anekAnta 66/1, janavarI-mArca 2013 cAra varNoM tathA va aura sa ke madhya rahane vAle za aura Sa kA, sAtha hI kavarga, cavarga aura tavarga ke antima varNoM arthAt Da., ja aura na - ina tIna vargoM kA prayoga nahIM hotA hai| arthAt bharatamuni ke anusAra prAkRta bhASA meM ai, au, visarga (:), R, R, lu, la, za, Sa, Da., ja aura na - ina bAraha varNoM kA prayoga nahIM hotA hai| prAkRta bhASA meM, ka, kha, ga, ta, da, ya aura va kA lopa ho jAtA hai aura ukta varNo kA lopa hone ke pazcAt una vargoM ke jo svara zeSa rahate haiM, unase vahI artha nikalatA hai, jo una varNoM ke rahane para nikalatA thaa| kha, gha, tha, dha aura bha ko ha Adeza hotA hai| yahA~ para bhI isa Adeza athavA parivartana ke kAraNa artha meM koI parivartana nahIM hotaa| prAkata bhASA meM varNa ke Upara sthita ardha rakAra athavA repha, yA varNa ke nIce prayukta da kA prayoga nahIM hotA hai| kintu yaha niyama madra, vodraha, hRda, caMdra aura dhAtrI meM lAgU nahIM hotA hai|8|| prAkRta bhASA meM kha, gha, tha, dha aura bha ko hakArAdeza hone para mukha kA muha, megha kA meha, kathA kA kahA, vadhU kA bahu, prabhUta kA pahua ho jAtA hai| isI prakAra ka, ga, da aura va- ina cAra vargoM ke pratinidhi dvitIya svara ke rUpa meM rahate haiN|' SaTpada Adi meM rahane vAle mUrdhanya SakAra ko nitya chakAra Adeza hotA hai aura usakA prAkRta rUpa banatA hai- chtpd| kila ke la ko ra hokara kira banatA hai| ku ko khu (khakAra Adeza) ho jAtA hai| isI prakAra TakAra ko DakAra ho jAtA hai, ataH bhaTa, kuTI aura taTa ke kramazaH bhadra, kuDI ora taDa rUpa banate haiN| za aura Sa ke sthAna para sarvatra sakArA ho jAtA hai, ataH viSa ko visa aura zaMkA kA saMkA rUpa banatA hai|" zabda ke prAraMbha meM sthita na rahane vAle itara Adi zabdoM meM sthita takAra ko dakAra ho jAtA hai| naDavA aura taDAga meM sthita DakAra ko lakAra ho jAtA hai aura unake kramazaH rUpa banate haiM balavA aura tlaag| dhakAra ko DhakAra ho jAtA hai| sabhI prayogoM meM nakAra ke sthAna para NakAra ho jAtA hai| jaise ApAna ko aavaann|13 isI prakAra pakAra ko vakAra ho jAtA hai, jaise ApAna ko aavaann| yathA aura tathA zabdoM meM prayukta yakAra ko chor3akara zeSa sabhI sthAnoM para yakAra ko dhakAra ho jAtA hai| pakAra ko phakAra Adeza bhI hotA hai, jaise parusaM kA phrusN| maga aura mata - ina donoM zabdoM kA prAkRta meM mao rUpa banatA hai| auSadha Adi ke au kA okAra ho jAtA hai tathA auSadha kA prAkRta rUpa banatA hai osddh| pracaya, acira ora acala zabdoM meM sthita cakAra kA yakAra ho jAtA hai aura unake kramazaH rUpa baneMge - payaya, ayira aura ayl|" yahA~ taka bharatamuni ne asaMyukta varNoM kA prAkRta bhASA meM kaise parivartana hotA hai, yaha batalAyA hai| aba Age saMyukta vargoM meM kisa prakAra kA parivartana hotA hai, isakA vivecana kiyA hai, jo isa prakAra hai zca, psa, ttha aura thya ko chakAra, bhya, haca aura dhya ko jhakAra Adeza hotA hai| STa ko TTha, sta ko tthaya, Sya ko mha, kSNa ko Nha, paNa ko paha, paha, kSa ko rukha rUpa banatA hai|" ina niyamoM ko dhyAna meM rakhakara jo rUpa banate haiM, ve isa prakAra haiM- Azcarya ko acchariyaM, nizcaya ko Nicchaya, vatsaM ko bacchaM apsarasaM ko accharaaM utsAha ko acchAha aura pathya ko prcch| isI prakAra tubhyaM ko tujhaM, mahayaM ko majhaM, vindhya ko biMjjha daSTa ko daTha, aura hasta ko hattha rUpa banatA hai|

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anekAnta 66/1, janavarI-mArca 2013 grISma ko gimha, zlakSNa ko saNha, uNNa ko uNha, kRSNa ko kaNha yakSa ko jakkha tathA paryaGka ko pallaMka rUpa banatA hai| brahmA Adi zabdoM meM ha aura ma ke yoga meM ye donoM varNa paraspara eka dUsare kA sthAna grahaNa kara lete haiN| phalasvarUpa brahmA kA bamhA rUpa banatA hai| bRhaspati zabda meM pakAra kA phakAra hokara buhaphphaI rUpa banatA hai| isI prakAra yajJa kA jaNha, bhISma ko bhimha rUpa banatA hai| jaba ka kisI varNa ke sAtha saMyukta ho yA varNa Upara repha Adi anya varNa ho to uccAraNa ke krama meM inakA rUpa saMyoga rahita hotA hai, jaise zakra ko sakka aura arka ko akka aadi| saMskRta rUpakoM athavA nATakoM meM prayukta hone vAlI jina cAra bhASAoM kA prAraMbha meM ullekha kiyA gayA hai, unameM devagaNa kI bhASA atibhASA, rAjAoM athavA ziSTa jana kI bhASA AryabhASA hotI hai| jAti bhASA ke do bheda haiM - anArya aura mlecch| bharatamuni kA mata hai ki nATakoM meM jAtyantarI bhASA kA prayoga grAma tathA jaMgala meM rahane vAle pazu-pakSiyoM ke mukha se bulavAne meM karanA caahie| bharatamani ke anusAra sAmAnya rUpa se dhIroddhata. dhIralalita. dhIrodAtta ora dhIraprazAnta- ina cAra prakAra ke nAyakoM ke mukha se saMskRta bhASA kA hI prayoga karanA cAhiye, kintu AvazyakatAnusAra prAkRta bhASA kA bhI prayoga kiyA jA sakatA hai| vizeSakara usa paristhiti meM jaba koI rAjA Adi uttama pAtra aizvarya pAkara madonmatta ho jAye athavA dAridraya se grasta ho jaaye| jo pAtra kisI kAraNa vizeSa se sAdha- sanyAsI kA veSa dhAraNa karate haiM athavA vAjIgara ke rUpa meM saMskRta nATakoM meM apanI bhUmikA nibhAte haiM, athavA bAlaka haiM, bhUta-pizAca se grasta haiM, strI prakRti ke puruSa haiM, nIca jAti ke puruSa haiM, kaphanI-jholAdhArI pAkhaNDI sAdhu haiM to inake mukha se bhI prAkRta bhASA meM saMvAda prastuta karanA caahiye| AcArya bharatamani ke anusAra saMskRta nATakoM meM apsarAoM Adi ke saMvAda sAmAnyataH saMskRta bhASA meM rakhane kA vidhAna hai, kintu jaba ve apsarAe~ Adi pRthivI para vicaraNa kara rahI hoM to unake saMvAda svAbhAvika yA svecchApUrvaka prAkRtabhASA meM hI rakhanA caahiye| hA~? jaba ye kisI mAnava kI patnI ke rUpa meM raheM taba avasarAnukUla saMskRta athavA prAkRta bhASA meM saMvAda rakhanA caahie| barbara, kirAta, Andhra aura davir3a jAti se sambandhita pAtroM ke mukha se kevala zaurasenI prAkRta se milatI-julatI bhASA kA hI prayoga karanA caahiye| prAkRta bhASA ke jina sAta bhedoM kI carcA prAraMbha meM kI gaI hai, unameM se rAjA ke antaHpura ke rakSaka aura sevaka mAgadhI prAkRta tathA rAjaputra, ceTa aura zreSThijana ke mukha se ardhamAgadhI prAkRtabhASA kA prayoga karAne kA vidhAna hai| vidaSaka aura unake jaise anya pAtroM kI bhASA prAcyA, dhUrtavRtti ke pAtroM kI bhASA avantI rakhI jaaye| yadi koI dikkata na ho to nAyikA aura unakI sakhiyoM kI bhASA meM zaurasenI prAkRta bhASA kA prayoga kiyA jaaye| sainikoM, juAriyoM aura nagara ke uttarabhAga meM rahane vAle khasoM arthAt pahAr3I pradeza ke nivAsI logoM kI apanI dezabhASA bAhrIkI prAkRta rakhI jaaye|" saMskRta nATakoM meM zakAra, zaka aura zabara jAti ke yA unake anurUpa svabhAva vAle logoM kI bhASA zAkArI rakhanA ucita hai|

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anekAnta 66/1, janavarI-mArca 2013 udAharaNa ke liye Apa dekheM ki nATayazAstra ke niyamoM ko AdhAra banAkara mRcchakaTika meM zUdraka ne zakAra ke mukha se zAkArI bhASA kA hI prayoga karAyA hai| pulkasa-Doma aura usake samAna anya nIca jAtiyoM ke logoM kI bhASA cANDAlI rakhanI caahiye| koyale ke vyavasAyI, baheliyA (vyAdha), lakar3I aura pattoM ko jaMgala meM Dhokara apanI AjIvikA calAne vAle zramikoM tathA jaMgala ke nivAsI logoM kI bhASA zakAra bhASA honI caahiye| jahA~ sabhI, ghor3e, bakare, bher3a, U~Ta, baila athavA gAyoM ko bA~dhA jAye athavA rakhA jAye, una sthAnoM ke nivAsiyoM kI bhASA AbhIrI athavA zAbarI bhASA rakhI jaaye| dravir3a Adi dezoM ke vyaktiyoM yA vanavAsiyoM kI bhASA drAvir3I bhASA rakhI jaaye| suraMga Adi khodane vAle majadUra, jeloM ke paharedAra, ghor3oM ke saIsa (yA U~ToM ke revArI) yA Apatti meM par3A nAyaka, yA usake sadRza jo bhI anya pAtra haiM, ve apane svarUpa ke dakSaNArtha athavA apane svarUpa ko chipAne ke liye unake mukha se mAgadhI prAkRta meM saMvAda prastuta kiye jaayeN| bhArata kI gaMgA nadI aura sAgara ke madhyavartI pradezoM kI bhASA ekAra bahulA, vindhyAcala aura sAgara ke madhyavartI pAtroM kI bhASA nakAra bahulA, vetravatI nadI ke uttaravartI pradezoM tathA saurASTra evaM avantI dezoM kI bhASA cakAra bahulA, himAcala parvata, sindhu tathA sauvIra deza ke samIpavartI rahane vAle pAtroM kI bhASA ukAra bahulA, cambala nadI ke usa pAra arAvalI parvata arthAt mevAr3a aura mAravADa Adi pradezoM se saMbandhita pAtroM kI bhASA okAra (yA takAra) bahulA bhASA rakhane kA vidhAna hai| ye sabhI bhASA rUpa vividha prAkRta bhASAoM ke hI rUpa haiN| uparyukta ke atirikta bharatamuni kA mata hai ki- bhASAgata jo bAteM ukta niyamoM meM saMkalita na ho pAI hoM, unheM pAtrAnusAra lokAcAra athavA sAmAnya vyavahAra se saMgrahIta kara lenA caahiye| yahAM bhI sAmAnya logoM kI bhASA arthAt prAkRta bhASA ke saMvAda rakhane kA vidhAna hai| isa prakAra hama dekhate haiM ki AcArya bharatamuni ne saMskRta rUpakoM athavA nATakoM meM prayukta honI vAlI vividha prAkRta bhASAoM kA vidhAna kiyA hai aura anta meM yaha bhI likha diyA hai ki jina bhASAgata niyamoM kA uparyukta niyamoM meM samAveza na huA ho unheM lokAcAra athavA sAmAnya rUpa se vyavahAra meM prayukta hone vAlI bhASA ko AdhAra banAkara tat tat pAtroM ke saMvAdoM kA saMyojana karanA caahiye| AcArya bharatamuni ke anusAra saMskRta rUpakoM athavA nATakoM meM prayukta hone vAlI uparyukta prAkRta bhASAoM ke saMdarbha meM vicAra karane para do bAteM bahuta spaSTa hotI haiN| prathama yaha ki saMskRta rUpakoM athavA nATakoM meM prAkRta bhASA kA samAveza avazyambhAvI hai| kyoMki prAyaH sAmAnyajana evaM strI pAtra susaMskRta na hone se saMskRta nATakoM meM bhI apanI svAbhAvika bolacAla kI bhASA prAkRta hI boleNge| ataH unhoMne saMskRta nATakakAroM ko pahale hI sAvadhAna kara diyA hai ki nATakoM meM saMvAda likhate samaya pAtroM kI yogyatA kA parIkSaNa avazyambhAvI hai| dvitIya yaha ki jo bhI nATaka likhe jAte haiM unakA eka uddezya dRzya kAvya ke rUpa meM jana sAmAnya ke samakSa prastuta karake rasAsvAdana karAnA bhI hai| ataH aise prasaMgoM meM sAmAnya majadara Adi logoM ke saMvAda bhI yadi saMskata bhASA meM rakhe jAyeMge to ve saMvAda svAbhAvika na hokara kRtrima pratIta hoMge aura kRtrima

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anekAnta 66/1, janavarI-mArca 2013 pratIta hone para sAmAnya darzaka ko jo rasAsvAdana honA cAhiye, vaha na ho skegaa| ina sabake atirikta jo pAtra jisa bhASA kA jJAtA hotA hai, usI bhASA kA samAveza saMskata nATakakAroM ko unake saMvAdoM meM karanA caahiye| jisase dRzyakAvyoM meM svAbhAvikatA banI rhe| jaba koI bhI saMskRta nATakakAra saMskRta nATakoM kI racanA karegA to vaha eka hI sthAna para baiThakara karegA, na ki nATaka meM prayukta tat tat sthAnoM para jAkara kregaa| ataH AcArya bharatamuni ne una una pAtroM dvArA prayukta bhASA kA nirmANa kaise kiyA jAye, usakA ullekha apane nATyazAstra meM kiyA hai| yataH saMskRta nATaka deza-kAlAtIta haiM, ataH unakI prAkRta bhASA bhI ekasUtra meM baMdhI rahe, isake liye bharatamuni ne prAkRta bhASA ke vyAkaraNa sambandhI niyamoM kA ullekha kiyA hai| isase arthoM meM ekarupatA banAye rakhane meM suvidhA rhegii| saMdarbha :1. nATayazAstrama (dvitIyo bhAgaH) zrI bAbUlAla zukla zAstrI, prakA. caukhambhA saMskRta saMsthAna, vArANasI, prathama saMskaraNa, vi.saM. 2035, adhyAya 18/26 2. nATyazAstram 18/473. nATyazAstram 18/2 4. vahI, 18/3 5. vahI, 18/4 6. vahI, 18/6 7. vahI, 18/7 8. vahI, 18/8 9. vahI, 18/9 10. vahI, 18/10 11. vahI, 18/11 12. vahI, 18/12 13. vahI, 18/13 14. vahI, 18/14 15. vahI, 18/15 16. vahI, 18/16 17. vahI, 18/18 18. vahI, 18/19 19. vahI, 18/20 20. vahI, 18/21 21. vahI, 18/22 22. vahI, 18/23 23. vahI, 18/28 24. vahI, 18/29 25. vahI, 18/31/35 26. vahI, 18/43 27. vahI, 18/45 28. vahI, 18/49 29. vahI, 18/50 30. vahI, 18/51 31. vahI, 18/52 32. vahI, 18/52 kI TippaNI 33. vahI, 18/52 34. vahI, 18/53/54 35. vahI, 18/56/60 36. vahI, 18/61 - ravIndrapurI, vArANasI (u.pra.)

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jaina zilpa vidhAna kA svarUpa -DaoN.muktipArAzara prAcIna kalAoM meM bhArata meM mUrtikalA sarvAdhika lokapriya thii| yaha mAnava jIvana ke abhinna aMga ke rUpa meM laukika paramparAoM meM vyApta thii| bhAratIya jIvana ke vibhinna Adarzo kI pragati hI mUrtikalA kA uddezya rahA hai| mUrtikalA meM hamArI dhArmika, dArzanika evaM sAMskRtika paramparAe~ samAhita haiN| dharma, artha, kAma evaM mokSa kA samanvaya hI bhAratIya mUrtikalA kA Adarza hai| bhAratIya kalA vizeSakara dharma se jyAdA prabhAvita rahI hai aura vaiSNava, bauddha, zAktya jainadharma Adi dharmoM ne ise viSaya pradAna kiye aura isane bhI inake pracAra-prasAra meM apanA sahayoga diyaa| bhAratIya mUrtikalA vizeSataH kAma sAdhya hai| mUrtikalA apanI vividha rUpoM se mAnava ko AhlAdita kara usameM svastha mAnasikatA kA vikAsa karatI hai| kalA meM icchA kA apanA mahatva hai| mUrtikalA ho yA citrakalA - manu ne kahA thA ki kAmAbhAva meM koI karmasaMbhava nahIM hai| vyakti jo bhI karma karatA hai vaha icchA se hI prerita hotA hai| akAmasya kriyA kAcidRSyate neha kddhicit| yaddhapi kurUte kiJcittatA cessttitm|| kAma se hI bauddhika pragati hotI hai aura kalpanAe~ sAkAra rUpa letI hai| sarvaprathama isa bAta para dhyAna deM ki mUrti nirmANa ke do uddezya rahe haiM - (1) atIta kA saMrakSaNa arthAt smRti ko jIvita rakhane kI (2) avyakta kI mUrta abhivyakti ke lie| kalA sAmAnyataH vyaMgyAtmaka hotI hai| kRtrimarUpa kI racanA karanA mAnavocita svabhAva sA hai| vRkSa kI eka TahanI ko vRkSa mAna lenA, patte kA baila banAkara Ananda manAnA, patra kI nAva banAkara, use pAnI meM bahAkara tAlIpITanA aadi| yahI vyaMgya AdhyAtmika aura dhArmika bhAvanAoM ke ucca stara kA Azraya lekara mandira aura mUrti ko pUjyatA pradAna karane tathA usameM devatAoM kI pratiSThA karane kA pradhAna kAraNa hotI hai| a bhAratIya mUrti meM vyaMjanA kI adbhuta kSamatA hai| yahA~ ke kalAkAroM ne marti ko atyAdhika zAlIna rUpa meM prastuta kiyA hai| saindhava kAla se vartamAna kAla taka kI avadhi meM dezakAla paristhiti ke anusAra martikalA ne aneka zailiyoM meM janma liyA hai| mUrti kI zailI meM jaba-jaba parivartana huA vaha eka yuga vizeSa kI pahacAna ho gii| yahA~, patthara kA takSaNa karake, dhAtu ko ThAlakara, ThappA lagAkAra, hAtha se banI miTTI kI mUrtiyA~ milatI hai| bhAratIya kalA meM jaina dharma kA vizeSa prabhAva rahA hai cAhe citrakalA ho, cAhe mUrtikalA jaina darzana ne kalAkAra kI abhivyakti ke lie use anubhUti ke darzana kA viSaya diyA hai| mAnasika, indra, kalpanAoM evaM anubhUtiyoM ko jaba vaha sAkAra karatA hai to nizcaya hI vaha darzaka ko kucha utkRSTatA siddhi pradAna karanA cAhatA hai| jaina mUrtikalA meM vAstava meM AdhyAtmika bhAvanA marti ke antaH se jhA~katI rahatI hai, isalie yaha mUrtikalA vicAra yA bhAva pradAna mAnI gaI hai|

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anekAnta 66/1, janavarI-mArca 2013 jaina dharma kI AtmA usakI mUrtikalA meM spaSTa jhalakatI hai| jaina dharma meM jaina sthala, mandira, mUrtiyA~, upAsanAsthala yA to parvatoM kI coTiyoM para hote hai athavA zAnta, suramya, hare-bhare sthaloM meM sthita hote hai| mUlataH yaha bhAva ekAgra, dhyAna aura AdhyAtmika cintana meM sahAyaka hotA hai| inhIM sthAnoM para mandiroM kI sthApatya kalA aura sabase adhika mUrtimAna tIrthaGkara mUrtiyA~ va anya jaina dharma kI mUrtiyA~ apanI zAMti, ekAgratA, tapa va vItarAga ke bhAva kA parama Ananda pradAna karatI hai| jainadharma kI martiyA~ jaina darzana ke sAtha-sAtha unake nirmANakartAoM kI kalAsAdhanA ko bhI darzAtI hai| vibhinna kSetroM se prApta kalAtmaka mUrtiyoM meM jainakalA kAvaiziSTya dekhane meM AtA hai| tIrthaGkara bhagavatoM ke donoM pArzva meM yakSa-yakSaNiyoM kI yugala mUrtiyA~ mukhyataH jaina tIrthaGkaroM tathA kalA zilpiyoM ke lokajIvana ke prati anurAga kI pratIka hai|' jaina dharma se sambandhita kaI grantha haiM jinameM ina mUrti ke zAstrIya niyamoM kA jJAna prApta hotA hai| nirvANa kalikA, pratiSThA sAroddhAra, abhijJAna cintAmaNi, vAstusAra prakaraNa, mAnasAra, aparAjitapRcchA, rUpamaNDana, devatAmUrtiprakaraNa aadi| ina granthoM meM mUrti, vAstu va sthApatya kA vivaraNa diyA gayA hai| jaina dharma ke Adya prarvataka bhagavAna RSabhadeva ke sambandha meM pramANita vivaraNasarvaprathama Rgveda meM milatA hai| yahA~ unakA ullekha apane adhInasthoM ko samaddhi pradAna karane vAle rAjA ke rUpa meM kiyA gayA hai| usa samaya adhikAMza jaina tIrthakara kSatriya the aura rAjavaMzoM se sambandhita the|' vaidika sAhitya meM jainadharma ko svaMtatra astitva ke rUpa meM nizcita saMketa nahIM hai| vaidika kAla ke uparAnta paurANika kAla meM Akara bhI jaina tIrthaGkara svayaM ko brAhmaNa devatAoM se pUrNatayA pRthaka nahIM kara pAye the| ziva purANa meM RSabhadeva ko ziva ke yogAvatAroM meM eka kahA gayA hai|' tathA isI purANa meM eka anya sthAna para punaH ziva ke RSabhAvatAra kA ullekha hai|6 bhAgavata aura garur3a purANa meM bhI RSabhadeva kI gaNanA vaiSNava avatAroM ke arntagat kI gaI hai tathA RSabhadeva kI utpatti se saMbaMdhita kathAe~ bhAgavat purANa, mahApurANa aura Adi purANa meM upalabdha haiN|' jaina tIrthaGkaroM ko viSNu kA avatAra batAne kI paramparA madhyakAla taka calatI rahI hai - aparAjitapRcchA meM eka sthAna para spaSTa kahA gayA hai ki - kaliyuga Ane para viSNu samudra aura vijayA ke putra neminAtha nAmaka bAisaveM tIrthakara ke rUpa meM girimastaka para janma legeN| ataH yaha bhI kahA gayA hai ki - isa buddhayukta kaliyuga meM digaMbara, zvetAmbara aura kevalin bhI hoNge| ina RSabhAdi tIGkakaroM kI saMkhyA 24 hogI, itanI hI saMkhyA meM unake zAsana devatA aura yakSa tathA pratyeka ke alaga-alaga ATha prAtihAra bhI hoNge|8 aparAjitapRcchA grantha meM jinendra mUrtilakSaNa-sambandhI vivaraNa bhI vaiSNava dharma ke eka aMga rUpa meM hI hai| rUpamaNDana, aparAjita pRcchA granthoM meM jaina tIrthaGkaroM evaM unakI yakSa-yakSiNiyoM (zAsaka devatA) ko suniyojita vivaraNa prastuta hai| jaina tIrthaGkaroM ke yakSa va yakSiNI (zAsana devatAoM) ke nimna nAmoM se jAnA jAtA hai| jaise - tIrthakara yakSa yakSiNI (1) RSabhadeva gomukha cakrezvarI ajitanAtha mahAyakSa ajitabalA, rohiNI (6) padyanAbha manovegA, zyAmA kusuma

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22 (14) anantanAtha (15) dharmanAtha (23) pArzvanAtha (24) mahAvIra (1) RSabhanAtha (2) ajitanAtha (3) sambhavanAtha (7) supArzvanAtha (21) naminAtha (22) neminAtha pAtAla kinnara pArzva mAtaMga sabhI prAcIna zAstroM meM jaina tIrthaGkaroM ko sAmAnyatayA ajAnulambabAhu, zrIvatsa se yukta, prazAnta, digambara, tarUNa, rUpavAna tathA kAyotsarga athavA padmAsana mudrA meM sthita nirmita karane kA nirdeza diyA gayA hai| jaina tIrthakara pratimA cAmara, tIna chatra, azoka vRkSa, puSpavRSTi, divya dhvani, yakSa-yakSiNIyoM tathA apane lA~chanoM (cinhoM) se yukta honA caahie| jina mUrti tIna chatroM se yukta evaM triratha prakAra kI honI caahie| azoka vRkSa ke patte, deva dundubhivAdaka, siMhAsana, asura, gaja va siMhoM se vibhUSita ho / pratimAoM ke madhya meM dharmacakra evaM Asa-pAsa yakSiNiyA~ nirmita ho / Upara toraNa ho aura pratimA ke bAhya pakSa meM gosiMhAdi se aMlakRta vAhikAyeM, vibhinna devatAoM se yukta dvArazAkhAyeM tathA brAhya, viThThaNu, 3 candrikA, jina, gaurI evaM gaNeza se yukta rathikAyeM ho / rUpamaNDana meM AdinAtha ke kailAza, nemi ke somazaraNa, pArzva kA siddhivarti evaM mahAvIra ke sadAziva sihAsanoM kA ullekha hai| ina tIrthaGkaroM ke sAtha dharmacakra evaM chatra nirmita karane kA nirdeza diyA gayA hai| tIrthakaroM ke raMga va unake dhvajacinha (lAJchana) kA bhI nirdeza hai| inakI sUcI lagabhaga 8 vIM 9 vIM I. meM banI jaise tIrthakara (23) pArzvanAtha (24) mahAvIra anekAnta 66/1 janavarI-mArca 2013 varNa suvarNavata suvarNavat suvarNavata harita survaNavata zyAma harita survaNavat aMkuzI, anantamati padmAvatI padmAvatI siddhAyikA lAJachana vRSabha gaja azva svAstika nIlotpala zaMkha sarpa, phaNI siMha bhAratIya zilpa meM tIrthaGkara pratimAyeM kuSANa kAla se sarvaprathama prApta hokara madhyayuga taka milatI hai| jaina zilpa mathurA, lakhanaU, ilAhAbAda, paTanA, bharatapura, koTA, jayapura, dillI, vArANasI, khajurAho, bambaI, nAgapura, zrInagara, laMdana Adi saMgrahAlayoM meM surakSita hai| ye tIna prakAra kI pratimAyeM hai kAyotsarga pratimAyeM, Asana pratimAyeM tathA sarvatobhadrikA prtimaayeN| inameM kAyotsarga yA khar3I mudrA kI pratimAoM meM tIrthaGkara ke hAthoM ko nIce sIdhe laTakAkara banAyA gayA hai| Asana pratimAoM meM tIrthaGkara padmAsana mudrA meM baiThe hai| tathA sarvatobhadrikA pratimAoM meM cAra tIrthakaroM ko cAra dizAoM kI ora mukha karake sthAnaka athavA Asana mudrA meM nirmita kiyA gayA hai| kuSANakAlIna jaina tIrthaGkaroM kI pratimAoM ko lAchaMna rahita banAyA hai| inameM RSabhanAtha ko jaTAdhArI, supArzvanAtha ko eka, pA~ca va nau sarpaphaNoM tathA pArzvanAtha ko tIna, sAta athavA gyAraha phaNoM va neminAtha ko kRSNa va balarAma se ghirA huA banAyA gayA hai| guptakAla meM bhI lAcchana

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anekAnta 66/1, janavarI-mArca 2013 yukta pratimAyeM kama haiN| kintu guptottarakAla meM pratyeka tIrthakaroM ke pAdapITha para lAchaMna milane lagatA hai| ina sabhI mUrtiyoM ke vakSa para zrIvatsa cinha hai| prArambha meM pAdapITha para kevala dharmacakra, siMhayugma aura pUjakoM ko mUrtiyoM ke sAtha banAyA gayA hai kintu bAda ke samaya meM tIna chatra, dundubhivAdakoM yakSa-yakSaNiyoM, gajayugma, vRSayugma, mRgayugma Adi kA aMkana bhI hai| 24 tIrthakaroM meM se jyAdAtara pratimAe~ pArzvanAtha. zAntinAtha. neminAtha tathA mahAvIra kI milatI hai| yaha mAnA jA sakatA hai ki 24 tIrthaGkaroM kI mUrtabhAvanA IsvI pUrva ke prArambha ke kucha pUrva hI sUcI nirdhArita huI thii| ye sUciyA~ 473 I. se milatI hai|11 jainamUrti kA utkIrNana prathamatayA lagabhaga dUsarI sadI I.pU. meM prArambha huA thA jisakA prAcInatama udAharaNa paTanA ke samIpa lohAnIpura se prApta mauryakAlIna jaina mUrti hai|12 isake bAda kI murti RSabhanAtha kI zAhAbAda ke causA nAmaka sthAna se prApta haI jo aba paTanA saMgrahAlaya meM hai| isameM tIrthaGkara eka U~cI caukI para padmAsana meM virAjamAna hai| unake sira ke pIche padmAkRta prabhAmaNDala haitathA kandhoM para lagatI jaTAe~ hai, yaha kaoNsya pratimA eka mUrti RSabhanAtha kI gayA jile se milI hai jo kAyotsarga mudrA meM hai| aNDAkAra prabhAmaNDala, kandhoM taka jaTAyeM hai| pAdapITha para vRkSa lAMchana, siMha yugma va kaI pUjaka AkRtiyA~ hai| yaha patthara kI mUrti hai| donoM ora choTI sthAnaka mUrtiyA~ bhI banI hai| eka anya mUrti kAMsya kI kAyotsarga mudrA meM hai| aisI kaI mUrtiyA~ tIrthaGkaroM kI prApta hotI hai jo lA~chana yukta va pAdapITha yukta haiN| rAjasthAna aura gujarAta meM jaina dharma kA vyApaka prabhAva thA tathA jainamandiroM tathA mUrtiyoM ke nirmANa bhI adhika hue| eka mUrti mahAvIra kI hai jo kAMsya pratimA hai va mahArASTra meM priMsa oNpha velsa myUjiyama bambaI meM hai| isameM zvetAmbara mahAvIra kAyotsarga mudrA meM khar3e hai| ve adhovastra dhAraNa kiye hai| sira ke pIche vRttAkAra prabhAmaNDala hai| mUrti ke zIrSa para tIna chatra hai tathA parikara meM padmAsana mudrA meM 23 tIrthakaroM, vAdakoM, vidyAdharoM evaM cAvaradhAriyoM ko utkIrNa kiyA hai| inake vAmapArzva meM yakSaNi siddhAyikA, dakSiNa pArzva meM yakSa mAtaMga tathA pAdapITha ke nIce siMha lAchaMna bhI banAyA gayA hai| zAstroM meM kevala 24 tIrthakaroM ke hI nahIM varan unakesAtha yakSa va yakSiNIyoM kI pratimAoM ke bhI nizcita lakSaNa hai| inameM kucha yakSa va yakSiNIyoM kA vivecana nimnAsuAra hai yakSa : (1) gomukha - alaga-alaga jaina granthoM meM isakA vivaraNa bhinna hai kintu phira bhI rUpamaNDana ke anusAra gomukha kI gajamukha va hemavarNa kahA gayA hai| inake hAtha kramazaH varada mudrA, akSasUtra,pAza evaM bIjapUraka yukta banAye gaye hai| (2) matAyakSa - isakA varNa zyAma, gaja para AsIna, aSTabhuja, hAtha kramazaH varamudrA, abhayamudA mudgara, akSa, dhAza, aMkuza, zakti evaM mAtuliMga se yukta ho| isako prAyaH ajitanAtha ke pArzva meM hI banAyA gayA hai| (3) trimukha - yaha mayUrastha, trinetra, trivaktra, zyAma varNa evaM SaDbhuja ho aura unake hAtha kramazaH pazu, akSa, gadA, cakra, zaMkha evaM varada mudrA yukta ho| aise hI caturAnAnada, tumbarU, kusuma, mAtaMga, vijaya, jaya, brahma, yakSet, kumAra, SaNmukha, pAtAla, kinnaTeza,

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anekAnta 66/1, janavarI-mArca 2013 garUr3ha, gandharva, yakSet, kube varUNa, bhRkuTi, gomedha, pArzva va mAtaMga kA nirmANa unakI vizeSatAoM ke sAtha hai tAki una ke bheda AsAnI se kiyA jA ske| isI taraha kucha zAsana devatA (yakSiNI) kA vivaraNa nimnAMkita hai - (1) cakrezvarI - yaha prathama jaina tIrthaGkara RSabhadeva kI yakSiNI hai| isakA varNa suvarNa ke samAna hai, ve padmAsana mudrA meM garUr3a para baiThI ho tathA unake chaha paira evaM 12 bhujAe~ ho, jinameM ATha hAthoM meM cakra, do meM vaz2a dhAraNa kiye ho aura zeSa 2 meM mAtuliMga evaM abhaya mudrA yukta ho| mUrtikalA meM yakSiNI cakrezvarI kI mUrtiyA~ pracura saMkhyA meM upalabdha hai| aisI mUrti cittaur3agar3ha meM padminI mahatva ke nikaTa bane jalAzaya kI dIvAra para utkIrNa dekhI jA sakatI hai| (2) rohiNI - isakA ullekha aparAjitA nAma se bhI huA hai| varNa gItA aura vAhana godhA ho, unake cAroM hAtha varadamudrA, pAza, aMkuza evaM bIjapUraka se yukta ho| (3) kAlikA (zAMtA) - yaha supArzvanAtha kI yakSiNI hai| kalikA kRSNavarNa, aSThabhuja, aura mahiSa para virAjamAna ho| inake hAtha kramazaH trizUla, pAza, aMkuza, dhanuSa, bANa, cakra va abhayamudrA yukta ho|' (4) ambikA - neminAtha kI yakSiNI jisakI do bhujAe~ ho varNa harita ho, ve siMha para AsIna ho unakI donoM hAtha phala va varada mudrA se yukta ho| kror3a meM eka zizu upAsanA karatA upasthita ho| (5) padmAvatI - pArzvanAtha kI yakSiNI raktavarNI caturbhujI, padmAsanA aura kuvakutasyA yukta ho| hAtha kramazaH pAze aMkuza padama aura varadamudrA yukta ho| aisI mUrti devagar3ha kI bAhya bhitti para utkIrNa dekhI jA sakatI hai| yaha lakSmI ke rUpa meM banAI gaI hai| inake alAvA anya yakSiNIyA~ hai jinake nAma :- prajJAvatI, vajazrRMkhalA (kalikA), narakSatA (matAkAlI), manovegA (zyAmA), bhRkuTI (DavAlAmAlinI), mahAkAlI (sutAikA), mAnavI (azokA), gaurI (mAnavI), (gAndhArI caNDI), virATA (viditA), anantamati, mAnasI, nirvANI, jayA (balA), vijayA, aparAjitA (dharaNApriyA), bahurUpA, cAmuNDA (gandharvA), siddhAyikA hai| inake bhI vizeSa lakSaNa batAye gaye hai| jinake AdhAra para bhAratIya mUrtikalA meM inakI pratimAyeM banAI gaI hai| yakSa-yakSaNIyoM ke atirikta jaina prAtihAroM, indra, indrajaya, mahendra, vijaya, dharaNendra, padmaka, sunAbha aura suradundubhi ke nirmANa pratIka kA bhI saMketa zAstroM meM nihita hai jisake AdhAra para inakI bhI pratimAe~ banI hai| vibhinna prAtihAra mUrtiyA~ satanIsa devarI nAmaka jaina mandira kepraveza dvAroM para tathA do jainakIrtistambha ke nikaTa sthita mahAvIra mandira ke praveza dvAra para hai| jaina deva parivAra meM tIrthaGkaroM ke rakSaka ke rUpa meM jo yakSa-yakSiNI yA deva tathA devI AkRtiyA~ banI hai vaha lakSaNoM meM hindU devI-devatAoM kI pratilipi pratIta hotI hai| inake atirikta jaina dharma

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anekAnta 66/1 janavarI-mArca 2013 meM 16 zruta devatA yA vidyA deviyA~ hai jinakI adhiSThAtrI devI sarasvatI hai| jaina-sarasvatI kA pASANa meM prArambhika mUrta rUpAMkana vikrama saMvat 54 (tIsarI IsvI pUrva) mathurA se prApta hotA hai / 19 bhAratIya mUrtikalA meM jaina dharma kI pratimAoM ko zAstroM ke anusAra banAyA gyaa| bhArata ke vibhinna sthAnoM para vizeSakara rAjasthAna meM jaina maMdira va isase sambandhita mUrtiyoMkI adhikatA hai| koTA ke saMdarbha meM dekheM to koTA saMgrahAlaya meM rAjasthAna kI sampanna mUrtikalA kA eka bar3A kendra hai| yahA~ lagabhaga sabhI viSayoM kI lagabhaga 840 mUrtiyoM kA saMgraha hai| yahA~ para eka jaina mUrti saMgraha hetu jaina kalAdIrghA kA nirmANa kiyA gayA hai jahA~ kaI amUlya va durlabha jaina mUrtiyoM kA bar3A hI rocaka saMgraha hai| yahA~ ke hindUzAsaka anyadharmo ke prati AdarabhAva rakhate the| isI kAraNa 8vIM zatAbdI se 13vIM zatAbdI taka kAkUnI, aTarU, kezorAyapATana, jhAlarApATana, vilAsa, rAmagar3ha Adi sthala jaina dharma, sthApatya evaM pratimA zilpa ke pramukha kendra bane / yahA~ jaina pratimA kakSa meM jaina tIrthakaroM RSabhanAtha, ajitanAtha, vimalanAtha, zAMtinAtha, mallinAtha, pArzvanAtha, mahAvIra Adi kI pratimAe~, jaina maMdiroM ke stambha Adi kA saMkalana vyavasthita rUpa meM dekhA jA sakatA hai| saMgrahAlaya meM AdhA darjana se adhika dhAtu kI jaina pratimAe~ bhI saMrakSita hai| cecaTa se prApta mizrita dhAtu kI, ajitanAtha kI zvetAmbara pratimA meM tIrthaMkara saumya evaM prazAnta mudrA meM laMgoTa dhAraNa kiye padmAsana evaM baddhapadmAMjali mudrA meM pIThikA para virAjamAna hai| pratimA meM kuMcita keza, vakSasthala para zrIvatsa kA cinha lambI bhujAe~ evaM karNa, cAMdI ke paccikArI yukta khule netra atyanta AkarSaka hai| aisI kaI pratimAyeM isa saMgrahAlaya meM dekhI jA sakatI haiN| ataH bhAratIya mUrtikalA meM jaina dharma kA bhI samanvita va kriyAnvita rUpa hama dekha sakate hai| saMdarbha : 1. bhAratIya mUrtikalA pR. 96 - 2. (a) prAcIna bhAratIya sAhitya kI sAMskRtika bhUmikA, pR. 101 (ba) jhAlAvAr3a kI mUrtikalA paramparA, lalita zarmA pR. 117 3. vaibhava aura vairAgya, pANDeya rAkeza pR. 193 4. (The Jain Iconography by - B.C. Bhattachaya, Shama B.N.) hindu tathA jaina pratimA vijJAna, DaoN. paMkajalatA zrIvAstava, pR. 357 5. The Jain Iconography 4 - B.C. Bhatta chaya P.g. 2, 3, 56. ziva purANa 7, 9, 317 7. hindu tathA jaina pratimA vijJAna, DaoN. paMkajalatA zrIvAstava pR. - 357 25 8. rUpamaNDana, zrIvAstava balarAma bhUmikA pR. 100 - 9. hindu tathA jaina pratimA vijJAna DaoN. paMkajalatA zrIvAstava pR. 358, 359 10. hindu tathA jaina pratimA vijJAna DaoN. paMkajalatA zrIvAstava pR. - 360 11. madhyakAlIna mANDapratimAlapaNa mArUtinaMdana tivArI kamalagiri, pR. 264 12. jhAlAvAr3a kI mUrtikalA paramparA lalita zarmA peja naM. 119

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anekAnta 66/1, janavarI-mArca 2013 13. aparAjita pRcchA - AcArya bhuvanadeva, peja - 221, 225, 226 14. devatA mUrti prakaraNa maNDana - pR.-7,21 15. aparAjita pRcchA pR. - 221, 36 16. aparAjita pRcchA pR. - 221,36 17. aparAjita pRcchA pR. - 220, 33, 34 18. hindu tathA jaina pratimA vijJAna DaoN. paMkajalatA pR. - 392 19. di jaina stUpa adara eNTIkviTIja, dvitIya saMskaraNa, bI.e. smitha, pR. - 19,56 -164, Arya samAja ror3a, rAmapurA, koTA - 324006 (rAjasthAna zraddhAJjali zrI mallinAtha jaina, sarvapriya vihAra naI dillii| zrI mallinAtha jaina sevAnivRtta cIpha iMjIniyara (jala) ApUrti kA dehAvasAna 2 disambara, 2012 ko 89 varSa kI Ayu meM eka alpa bImArI ke pazcAta samatA bhAva pUrvaka ho gyaa| yaha hamAre lie eka duHkhada samAcAra hai| Apa sAdA jIvana aura ucca vicAroM ke anupAlaka rhe| Apa vIra sevA mandira ke pUrva kAryakAriNI sadasya evaM pUrva adhyakSa bhI rhe| Apa yUnAiTeDa nezansa' evaM jalApUrti ke kSetra meM sulabha-inTaranezanala ke salAhakAra ke rUpa meM rhe| zikSA ke lie samarpita ApakA jIvana dUsaroM kI sadaiva madada karane aura dhArmika sevAyeM dene meM agraNI rhaa| Apa apane pIche dharmapatnI (zrImatI rUpavatI) do putra aura eka putrI kA bharApUrA parivAra chor3a gaye haiN| vIra sevA mandira parivAra - divaMgata AtmA kI akSaya zAMti evaM sadgati ke lie maMgala kAmanA karatA hai|

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mUlAcAra meM digambara jaina muniyoM kA arthazAstra -zrImatIurmilAcaukase saMsAra ke samasta sAdhuoM meM digambara jaina sAdhuoM kA mahattvapUrNa sthAna hai kyoMki ve hI eka aise haiM jo yathAjAta rUpa ko dhAraNa karate haiN| svAvalambana kA jIvana jIte haiN| unake AcAra, vicAra, AhAra, vyavahAra meM jo viziSTatA hai vaha anyatra dekhane meM nahIM miltii| hinduoM meM bhI nAgA sAdhu hote haiM jo nagna rahate haiM kintu unake AcAra, AhAra para prazna cinha lagate haiM isake atirikta digambara muni ko jo mahattvapUrNa banAtI hai vaha hai unakI ayAcaka vRtti evaM unakI artha ke prati upekSA dharma ke prati agAdha zraddhA unheM jana-jana kA pUjya banAtI hai| nItikAra kahate haiM ki - guravo bahavaH santi ziSyavittApahArakAH / guruvo viralAH santi ziSyahRditApahArakAH // arthAt ziSyoM ke dhana kA apaharaNa karane vAle guru bahuta se haiM kintu ziSya ke hRdaya ke tApa kA haraNa karane vAle guru birale hI hote haiN| saMsAra meM bhakti, vrata evaM dharma kA prayojana eka hI hotA hai aura vaha hai- janma-jarA-maraNa kA kssy| muni rAmasiMha viracita apabhraMza bhASA kI anupama kRti 'pAhuDadohA' meM AyA hai ki - aMtotthi suINa kAlo thoo vayaM ca dummehA / taM Navari sikkhiyavvaM jaM jaramaraNakkhayaM kuNadi // ' arthAt zAstroM kA anta nahIM hai samaya thor3A hai aura hama durbuddhi haiM, ataH kevala vahI sIkhanA cAhie, jisase janma-maraNa kA kSaya ho / janma maraNa ke kSaya ke lie saMsAra se virakti Avazyaka hai| saMsAra meM rahate hue saMsAra ko chor3ane kA bhAva banA rahe jisase mukti mile; yaha Avazyaka hai| saMsAra meM do zAstroM kI mukhyataH hai, anivAryatA hai aura AvazyakatA hai| inameM se eka dharmazAstra aura dUsarA hai arthazAstra / inameM dharmazAstra jIvana ko svecchAcAritA se niyaMtrita karatA hai to dUsarA arthazAstra jIvana jIne meM sahAyaka banatA hai, sAdhaka banatA hai| dharmazAstra saba kucha hai jabaki arthazAstra kucha kucha hai| isIlie jahA~ dharmazAstra ko saba mAnyatA dete haiM, mAnate haiM vahIM arthazAstra kI bhI sAdhana ke rUpa meM anivAryatA hone para bhI usakI kaTu AlocanA bhI karate haiN| aise Alocaka kahate haiM ki 1. artha anartha karatA aura karAtA hai| 2. raskina (Raskin) aura kArlAila arthazAstra ko kubera kI vidyA, ghRNita vijJAna kahate haiN| 3. cArlsa Dikinsa arthazAstra ko 'roTI makkhana kA vijJAna' kahate haiN|

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anekAnta 66/1, janavarI-mArca 2013 4. mArzala (Marshal) ne kahA ki dhana to kevala sAdhana mAtra hai sAdhya to mAnava kalyANa hai| dhana manuSya ke lie hai, manuSya dhana ke lie nhiiN| inake anusAra-"Economics is a study of mankind in the ordinary business of life; it examines that part of individual and social action which is most closely concented with the attainment and use of the material requisities of well being. Thus it is on the one side a study of wealth; and on the other, and more important side, a part of the study of man."2. arthAta arthazAstra jIvana ke sAdhAraNa vyavasAya meM mAnava jAti kA adhyayana hai| isameM vyaktigata tathA sAmAjika kriyAoM ke usa bhAga kI jA~ca kI jAtI hai jisakA bhautika sukha ke sAdhanoM kI prApti aura unake upayoga se bahuta hI ghaniSTha sambandha hai| isa prakAra yaha eka ora to dhana kA adhyayana hai aura dUsarI ora jo adhika mahattvapUrNa hai, manuSya ke adhyayana kA eka bhAga hai| 5. roze (Roscher) ne arthazAstra kA uddezya aura prAraMbha manuSya mAnA hai| isake viparIta liyonela robinsa (Lionel Robbins) ne apanI pustaka 'An Essay on the Nature and Significance of Economics Science' meM likhA ki-"Economics is the science which studies human behaviour as a relationship between ends and scare means which have alternative uses" arthAt arthazAstra vaha vijJAna hai jo manuSya ke vyavahAra kA adhyayana sImita sAdhanoM jinake vaikalpika upayoga ho sakate haiM tathA lakSyoM ke sambandha ke rUpa meM karatA hai| arthazAstra bhI kahIM na kahIM dharmazAstra se niyaMtrita honA cAhie; yaha mA~ga sadA se uThatI rahI hai aura vartamAna meM to atyanta prAsaMgika ho gayI hai| zrImatI vUTana (Mrs. Wootan) ke anusAra -"eka arthazAstrI ke lie yaha atyanta kaThina hai ki vaha apanI vivecanA ko naitikatA se pUrNarUpa se vaMcita kara de|" vAstava meM arthazAstra artha ke utpAdana, saMcayana, vitaraNa ke adhyayana taka hI sImita nahIM hai apitu vaha usake sAdhya kI prApti meM sahAyaka sAdhana ke rUpa meM bhI apanI bhUmikA nibhAtA hai| pro. semyulasana ke anusAra- "arthazAstra meM isa bAta kA adhyayana kiyA jAtA hai ki samAja meM loga mudrA kA prayoga karake athavA binA prayoga kiye hue, kisa prakAra vibhinna vastuoM ke utpAdana ke lie utpatti ke durlabha sAdhanoM kA prayoga karate haiM aura ina vastuoM ko kisa prakAra upabhoga ke lie vartamAna tathA bhaviSya ke bIca aura samAja ke vibhinna vyaktiyoM tathA samUhoM ke madhya vitarita karate haiN| phrejara (Fraser) kahate haiM ki-"eka arthazAstrI jo kevala arthazAstrI hai; eka mahattvahIna prANI hai|" yahA~ kahane kA tAtparya yaha hai ki use artha se Age bar3hakara artha ke sadupayoga evaM hita para bhI vicAra karanA caahie| e.sI. pIgU (A.C. Pigou) kA mata hai ki-"merA vicAra hai ki hama

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anekAnta 66/1 janavarI-mArca 2013 saba yaha svIkAra kareMge ki mAnava samAja ke vijJAnoM meM bala unake prakAzadAyaka pakSa para utanA nahIM rahA jitanA ki unake phaladAyaka pakSa para yaha 'phala' kA AzvAsana hai na ki 'prakAza' kA jisa para hameM adhika dhyAna denA Avazyaka hai|" 29 pro. je. ke. mehatA eka nayA vicAra prastuta karate hue kahate haiM ki mAnava jIvana kA sarvocca uddezya parama Ananda kI prApti hai ve sukha ( Pleasure ) duHkha (Pain) aura paramAnanda ; bhcacapadameddha ke bIca bheda karate haiN| unake anusAra "mAnava mastiSka asantulana ko nApasanda karatA hai aura isalie santulana kI avasthA prApta karane kA prayatna karatA hai|...... asantulana kI dazA kI anubhUti duHkha kahalAtI hai, jabaki isa bAta kI anubhUti ki asantulana ghaTa rahA hai| athavA santulana sthApita ho rahA hai, sukha kahalAtI hai| isa prakAra sukha kevala duHkha kA nivAraNa hai|... AvazyakatA aura duHkha donoM kA saha astitva hotA hai jaba taka koI apUrNa AvazyakatA upasthita rahatI hai, duHkha banA rahatA hai aura isake parityAga yA isakI santuSTi kI prakriyA sukha pradAna karatI hai| jaise hI koI AvazyakatA pUrNatayA santuSTa ho jAtI hai yA use chor3a diyA jAtA hai, duHkha samApta ho jAtA hai, aura sAtha hI adhika sukha prApta karane kI saMbhAvanA bhI samApta ho jAtI hai| isa dazA meM mAnasika sthiti sAmya kI sthiti hotI hai, jisameM na to duHkha hai aura na sukha, balki Ananda hotA hai|" yaha to sarvavidita hI hai ki jainadharma meM cAra puruSArtha mAne gaye haiM- dharma, artha, kAma aura mokss| tIrthaMkara puruSArtha catuSTaya ke dhAraka hote haiN| 'mUlAcAra kI TIkA meM AcArya zrI vasunandi ne likhA ki- "mUlaguNAdisvarUpAvagamanaM prayojanam / nanu puruSArtho hi prayojanaM na ca mUlaguNAdi svarUpAvagamanaM, puruSArthasya dharmArthakAmamokSarUpatvAt, yadyevaM suSThu mUlaguNasvarUpAvagamanaM prayojanaM yatastenaiva te dharmAdayo labhyante iti / "8 arthAt mUlaguNa Adi ke svarUpa ko jAna lenA hI isa graMtha kA prayojana hai| zaMkA- puruSArtha hI prayojana hai na ki mUlaguNa Adi ke svarUpa kA jAnanA; kyoMki puruSArtha dharma, artha, kAma aura mokSarUpa hai| samAdhAna- yadi aisI bAta hai to mUlaguNoM ke svarUpa kA jAna lenA; yaha prayojana ThIka hI hai kyoMki usa jJAna se hI to ve dharma, artha, kAma aura mokSa rUpa purUSArtha prApta hote haiN| 'mUlAcAra' muniyoM ke AcaraNa, vicAra evaM vyavahAra (samAcAra) kA pratipAdaka zAstra hai jisakA artha (prayojana) utkRSTa muni ke svarUpa kA nirdhAraNa aura unake mokSa kA patha prazasta karanA hai| isalie 'mUlAcAra' meM 'arthazAstra' ke bIja khojanA kaThina hai kintu isameM 'artha' se sambandha ho hI na aisA bhI nahIM hai| jaina sAdhu (muni) ke lie kahA jAtA hai ki "arthamanarthaM bhAvaya nityaM" arthAt artha kI anarthatA (anityatA) kA nitya vicAra karo / jaina muni (digambara) banane ke lie AvazyakaaThThAIsa mUlaguNoM meM se cAra mUlaguNoM kA sambandha kamoveza arthazAstra se hai jo isa prakAra haiM

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anekAnta 66/1, janavarI-mArca 2013 (1) acaurya mahAvrata (2) parigrahatyAga mahAvrata (3) acelakatva (nAgnya vrata) (4) sthiti bhojana (AhAracaryA) acaurya mahAvrata- adatta kA varjana karanA acauryavrata hai| cUMki adatta kA grahaNa corI hai, aisA sUtrakAra kA kathana hai| AcArya zrI vaTTakera ke anusAra gAmAdisu paDidAI appappahudiM pareNa sNghidN| NAdANaM paradavvaM adattaparivajjaNaM taM tu|| arthAt grAma Adi meM girI huI, bhUlI huI ityAdi jo kucha bhI choTI-bar3I vastu hai aura jo para ke dvArA saMgRhIta hai aise paradravya ko grahaNa nahIM karanA so adatta parityAga (acaurya) nAma kA mahAvrata hai| tAtparya yaha hai ki girI huI, bhUlI huI, rakhI huI aura binA pUche grahaNa kI huI vastu adatta zabda se kahI jAtI hai| aisI adatta vastuoM kA grahaNa adattAdAna hai aura inakA tyAga karanA acaurya vrata kahalAtA hai| parigraha tyAga mahAvrata parigraha ke mUla meM vizeSa rUpa se artha kI bhUmikA hotI hai| jaba digambara muni pada dhAraNa kiyA jAtA hai taba parigraha tyAga kI anivArya zarta hotI hai| mUlAcAra meM parigrahatyAga mahAvrata kA svarUpa isa prakAra batAyA hai jIvaNibaddhA'baddhA pariggahA jIva saMbhavA cel| tesiM sakkaccAgo iyaramhi ya nnimmmo'sNgo|| arthAt jIva se sambandhita, jIva se asambandhita aura jIva se utpanna hue; aise ye tIna prakAra ke parigraha haiN| inakA zakti se tyAga karanA aura itara parigraha meM (zarIra, upakaraNa Adi meM) nirmama honA yaha asaMga arthAt aparigraha nAma kA pA~cavA vrata hai| isakI AcAryavRtti meM AcArya vasunandi ne likhA hai ki- mithyAtva, veda, rAga, hAsya, rati, arati, zoka, bhaya, jugupsA, krodha, mAna, mAyA aura lobha Adi athavA dAsI, dAsa, go, azva Adi ye jIvana se nibaddha arthAt jIva ke Azrita parigraha haiN| jIva se pRthagbhUta kSetra, vAstu, dhana, dhAnya Adi jIva se apratibaddha, jIva se anAzrita, parigraha haiN| jIvoM se utpatti hai jinakI aise motI, zaMkha, sIpa, carma, dA~ta, kambala Adi athavA zramaNapane ke ayogya krodha Adi parigraha jIvasambhava kahalAte haiN| saba tarapha se grahaNa karane rUpa mUrchA pariNAma ko parigraha kahate haiN| ina sabhI prakAra ke parigrahoM kA zaktipUrvaka tyAga karanA, sarvAtmasvarUpa se inakI abhilASA nahIM karanA arthAt sarvathA inakA parihAra karanA, athavA 'tesiM saMgaccAgo' aisA pAThAntara hone se usakA yaha artha hai-ina saMga (parigrahoM) kA tyAga karanA, aura itara arthAt saMyama, jJAna tathA zauca ke upakaraNa meM mamatva rahita honA yaha asaMgavrata arthAt aparigrahavrata kahalAtA hai| tAtparya yaha hai ki jo jIva ke Azrita parigraha haiM, jo jIva se anAzrita kSetra Adi parigraha haiM aura jo jIva se saMbhava parigraha haiM una sabakA mana, vacana, kAya se sarvathA tyAga karanA aura itara saMyama Adi ke upakaraNoM meM Asakti nahIM rakhanA, ati mUrchA se rahita honA, isa prakAra kA yaha parigrahatyAga mahAvrata hai|

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anekAnta 66/1, janavarI-mArca 2013 AcArya vasunandi ke anusAra-bAhya aura abhyantara parigraha kI vimukti, saMgavimukti hai| arthAt zramaNa ke ayogya sarvavastu kA tyAga karanA aura parigraha meM Asakti kA abhAva honA hI parigraha tyAga mahAvrata hai| sAmAyika avasthA meM bAhya-Abhyantara parigraha kA tyAga karanA anivArya hai| acelakatva mUlAcAra meM acelakatva ko muni kA mUlaguNa mAnA hai| use paribhASita karate hue AcArya zrI vaTTakera ne likhA hai ki vatthAjiNavakkeNaya ahavA pattAiNA asNvrnnN| NibhUsaNa NiggaMthaM accelakkaM jagadi puujjN||4 arthAt vastra, carma aura valkaloM se athavA patte AdikoM se zarIra ko nahIM DhakanA, bhUSaNa alaMkAra se aura parigraha se rahita nigraMtha veSa jagata meM pUjya acelakatva nAma kA mUlaguNa hai| jaba muni dIkSA hotI hai to use acelakatva svIkAra karanA hotA hai| mUlAcAra meM AcArya vasunaMdi ne kahA ki-"Acelaka-celaM vastraM, upalakSaNamAtrametat, tena sarvaparigrahaHzrAmaNyoyogyaH celazabdenocyate na vidyate celaM sasyAsAvacelakaH acelakasya bhAvo'celakatvaM vastrabharaNAdi prityaagH| arthAt cela yaha zabda upalakSaNa mAtra hai, isase zramaNa avasthA ke ayogya sampUrNa parigraha ko cela zabda se kahA gayA hai| nahIM hai cela jinake, ve acelaka haiM, acelaka kA bhAva acelakatva hai arthAt sampUrNa vastra AbharaNa Adi kA parityAga karanA Acelakya vrata hai| Acelakya vrata ke mUla meM artha aura artha ke upajIvya padArthoM kA tyAga pramukha hai| arthAt artha ke visarjana se hI munitva ke sarjana kI prakriyA prAraMbha hotI hai| sthiti bhojana :- mUlAcAra ke anusAra - aMjalipuDeNa ThiccA kuDDAi vivajjaNeNa smpaay| ___ paDisuddhe bhUmitie asaNaM ThidibhoyaNaM nnaam|| arthAt dIvAla Adi kA sahArA na lekara jIva-jantu se rahita tIna sthAna kI bhUmi meM samAna paira rakhakara khar3e hokara donoM hAtha kI aMjalI banAkara bhojana karanA sthiti bhojana nAma kA vrata hai| Upara dekhane para aisA pratIta hotA hai ki sthiti bhojana nAmaka mUlaguNa kA artha yA arthazAstra se koI saMbaMdha nahIM hai| kintu aisA hai nhiiN| kyoMki sAdhu (muni) bhojana karane se pahale bhojana ke mUla meM garbhita artha ke viSaya meM vicAra karatA hai| muni bhojya vastu ke udgama, utpAdana, azana (bhoga), saMyojanA (milAvaTa), pramANa (sahI mAtrA kA abhAva) Adi doSoM se rahita AhAra karatA hai| ina sabhI kA saMbaMdha arthazAstra se hai| arthazAstra bhI vastu ke udgama, utpAdana, bhoga, vastu ke kraya-vikraya meM sahI-sahI mAtrA kA nirdhAraNa Adi dekhatA hai aura inase saMtuSTa hone para hI vaha apane arthazAstra kA kArya sampanna honA mAnatA hai|

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anekAnta 66/1, janavarI-mArca 2013 muni AhAra ke samaya vicAra karate haiM ki1. AhAra dAtA kA dhana; jisase AhAra banA hai vaha nyAyopArjita honA caahie| prAsuka dravya honA caahie|" 2. AhAra dAtA kA dhana, jisase AhAra banA hai vaha dAtA kA svayaM kA honA caahie| 3. AhAra dAtA kA dhana, jisase AhAra banA hai vaha karja rUpa meM nahIM liyA gayA ho| yahA~ taka ki bhojya vastu bhI udhAra kI nahIM ho| mUlAcAra meM ise prAmRSya doSa ke arntagata liyA hai| mUlAcAra ke anusAra DahariyariNaM tu bhaNiyaM pAmicchaM odnnaadiannnndrN| taM puNa duvihaM bhaNidaM savaDhiyamavaDDhiyaM caavi|| arthAt- bhAta Adi koI vastu karja rUpa meM dUsare ke yahA~ se lAkara denA laghuRNa kahalAtA hai| isake do bheda haiM-byAja sahita aura byAja rhit| AcArya vasunandi ke anusAra- laghu RNa arthAt stoka Rnn| odana Adi bhojana tathA maNDaka-roTI Adi anya vastuoM ko prAmRSya kahate haiN| isa RNa doSa ke vRddhi sahita aura vRddhi rahita kI apekSA do bheda ho jAte haiN| jaba muni AhAra ke lie Ate haiM usa samaya dAtA zrAvaka anya kisI ke ghara jAkara bhakti se usase bhAta Adi mA~gatA hai aura kahatA hai ki maiM Apako isase adhika bhojana de dUMgA yA itanA hI bhojana vApasa de duuNgaa| aisA kahakara punaH usake yahA~ se lAkara yadi zrAvaka muni ko AhAra detA hai to vaha RNa sahita prAmRSya doSa kahalAtA hai| isameM dAtA ko kleza aura parizrama Adi karanA par3atA hai ataH yaha doSa hai|" 4. AhAra yogya vastu meM milAvaTa nahIM honA caahie| muni ko dekhakara pakate hue cAvala Adi meM aura adhika milA denA adhyadhidoSa hai| aprAsuka aura prAsuka vastu kA sahetuka mizraNa karanA yaha pUtidoSa hai| arthazAstra bhI milAvaTa ko svIkAra nahIM krtaa| muni saMyojanA aura pramANadoSa se rahita AhAra lete hai yaha milAvaTa se saMbaMdhita doSa hai| arthazAstra kahatA hai ki kisI ko kaSTa dekara dhana kamAnA ucita nhiiN| digambara munirAja bhI AhAra karate samaya vicAra karate haiM ki yaha bhojana chaha kAya ke jIvoM kI virAdhanA aura mAraNa Adi se banAyA huA apane nimitta sva yA para se kiyA gayA jo AhAra hai vaha adhaHkarmadoSa se dUSita hai| ataH mere yogya nahIM hai| 6. arthazAstra kahatA hai ki dUsare ke adhikAra kI vastu para svaya adhikAra kara lenA ucita nahIM hai| digambara muni bhI dUsare ke lie banAye gaye AhAra ko grahaNa nahIM karate haiN| use auddezika mAna kara tyAga karate haiM 7. arthazAstra kahatA hai ki jo dhana dUsare ke adhikAra kA hai usa para tumhArA koI adhikAra nhiiN| digambara muni bhI jisa dAna kA svAmI dAtA svayaM nahIM hotA hai; aisA

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anekAnta 66/1, janavarI-mArca 2013 AhAra grahaNa nahIM karate haiN| use anIzArthadoSa mAnate haiM jisa taraha cANakya ne kahA thA ki "sukhasya mUlaM dhrmH| dharmasya mUlaM arthH| arthasya mUlaM raajyN| rAjyasya mUlaM indriyjyH|" arthAt sukha kA mUla dharma hai| dharma kA mUla artha hai| artha kA mUla rAjya hai| rAjya kA mUla indriya jaya hai| usI taraha arthazAstra bhI sukha kA mUla artha mAnatA hai aura artha ke irda-girda sabhI upalabdhiyoM ko svIkAra karatA hai| arthazAstra bhI mAMga aura parti tathA upayogitA aura hAsa ke niyama ko svIkAra karatA hai| jaina dharma-zAstra bhI artha kI mahattA ko svIkAra karate haiM kintu gRhastha ke lie hii| muni ke lie artha anarthakArI hai| gRhasthoM ko artha kI mAMga rahatI hai isalie jainAcAryoM ne kahA ki tuma nyAyopAtta dhana grahaNa karo aura jaba tumhArI Arthika AvazyakatAoM kI pUrti ho jAe taba usakA hAsa karo arthAt lobha chor3o aura dAna kro| jaba gRhastha muni bana jAe taba usake lie kahA ki aba na tuma artha kI mAMga karoge aura na usakI pUrti ke lie prayAsa kroge| balki tuma artha kA pUrI taraha mana-vacana-kAya se, kRta-kArita-anumodanA se tyAga kro| yaha tyAga tumheM aparigraha mahAvratI bnaayegaa| isa taraha hama dekhate haiM ki mUlAcAra bhale hI muni ke lie artha saMcaya kA pakSadhara na ho kintu artha ke parityAga ko to viSaya banAtA hI hai aura yaha artha kA parityAga unake artha (mokSa prApti rUpa prayojana) kI siddhi meM sahAyaka hai ataH mUlAcAra aura arthazAstra kahIM na kahIM eka dUsare se saMbandhita avazya dikhAI dete haiN| vaise bhI muni ke dvArA sadupadeza pAkara hI gRhasthajana naitika tarIke se arthArjana karate haiM aura arjita artha ko jinAyatanoM ke nirmANa, muni Adi atithiyoM ke satkAra (AhAradAna, zAstradAna, upakaraNadAna) Adi meM upayoga karate haiN| ataH dharmazAstra ke sAtha-sAtha arthazAstra kI bhI upayogitA hai| mUlAcAra ke mUla meM aTThAIsa mUlaguNa haiN| isI prakAra dharma ke mUla meM artha hai; isase iMkAra nahIM kiyA jA sakatA hai| saMdarbha : 1. pAhuDadohA - 19 2. Alfred Marashall ; Principles of Economics, P.1 (bRhat Arthika vizleSaNa : vijayendrapAlasiMha, pR.10) 3. Lionel Robbins "An Essay on the nature on the Nature and Significance of ___Economic Science (1952)P.16 (bRhat Arthika vizleSaNa, pR.13) 4. Samuelson % Fundamentals of Economics Analysis, P.9 4. A.C. Pigou : Economics of welfate, P.4 &. Cairncross : Introduction to Economics (1944), P.9 7.J.K. Mehta : Advanced Economic theroy, P.1-2 8. mUlAcAra (pUrvArddha) gAthA-1, vasunandi TIkA pR.4 9. vahI, gAthA - 7,

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anekAnta 66/1, janavarI-mArca 2013 10. vahI, gAthA-9, 11. mUlAcAra (pUrvArddha) gAthA-1, vasunandi TIkA pR.15-16 12. vahI, pRSTha-9 13. mUlAcAra (pUrvAddha), gAthA-40 14. vahI, gAthA-30 15. mUlAcAra (pUrvArddha), AcArya vasunandi TIkA, pR.7 (gAthA-3) 16. mUlAcAra (pUrvAddha), gAthA-34 17. vahI, gAthA-485 18. vahI, gAthA-436 19. vahI, AcArya vasunandi TIkA, pR.342 20. mUlAcAra (pUrvAddha), gAthA-476 21. vahI, gAthA-424 22. vahI, gAthA-424-426 23. vahI, gAthA-444 - sahAyaka prAdhyApaka, arthazAstra sevAsadana mahAvidyAlaya, burahAnapura (ma.pra.)

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samaNasuttaM meM pratipAdita jJAna - mImAMsA pro. phUlacandajainapremI tIrthakara mahAvIra ke 2500veM nirvANa varSa kI aneka upalabdhiyeM meM 'samaNasuttaM' jaisA Agama zAstra eka sthAyI sarvamAnya mahattvapUrNa upalabdhi hai| digambara zvetAmbara donoM hI paramparAoM ke prAkRta AgamoM se viSayAnusAra gAthAyeM cayanakara ise pUjya jinendra varNI jI ne bhUdAna aura gAMdhIvAdI evaM sarvodayI ciMtanadhArA ke liye samarpita rASTrasaMta vinobA bhAve kI preraNA se prastuta graMtha kA yaha svarUpa pradAna kiyaa| samaNusattaM ke cAra khaNDoM meM mokSamArga nAmaka dvitIya khaNDa meM jahA~ ratnatraya arthAt samyagdarzana, samyagjJAna aura samyak cAritra kA vivecana hai, usameM samyagjJAna kI acchI mImAMsA kI gaI hai| vastutaH samaNasuttaM meM pratipAdita jainadharma-darzana ke sabhI saiddhAntika pakSoM kA apanA svataMtra, maulika, vaijJAnika evaM avivAdita sArvajanIya vaiziSTya hai| isake apane viziSTa paribhASika zabda bhI hai| jJAna viSayaka ciMtana ke kSetra meM, to isakA vaiziSTya dekhate hI banatA hai| samyagjJAna ke matijJAna, zrutajJAna, avadhijJAna, mana:paryayajJAna aura kevalajJAna- ina pAMca bhedoM kA apanA mahattva hai| isI taraha samyagdarzana kI prApti hetu jIva, ajIva, Azrava, bandha, saMvara, nirjarA aura mokSa ina sAta tattvoM kA zraddhAna Avazyaka hai| inameM bhI jahA~ mokSa tattva antima lakSya hai, vahIM dharma, artha, kAma aura mokSa ina cAra puruSArthoM meM bhI antima puruSArtha mokSa hI hai| isIlie jahA~ tattvArthasUtrakAra AcArya umAsvAmI ne "samyagdarzanajJAnacAritrANi mokSamArga" kahakara samyagdarzana, samyagjJAna aura samyakcAritra isa ratnatraya ke ekatrarUpa ko mokSamArga kA sAdhaka batalAyA hai, vahI samaNasuttaM meM bhI kahA hai ki daMsaNaNANa carittANi, mokkhamaggo tti sevidavvANi / sAdhUhi idaM bhaNidaM tehiM du baMdho va mokkho vA // 193 // arthAt jinendradeva ne samyagdarzana, samyagjJAna aura samyak cAritra ko mokSa kA mArga batalAyA hai / sAdhuoM ko inakA AcaraNa karanA caahie| yadi ve svAzrita hote haiM to inase mokSa prApta hotA hai / aura yadi ve parAzrita hote haiM to bandha hotA hai| vastut ye ratnatraya paraspara eka-dUsare ke pUraka haiN| isIlie kahA hai nANaM carittahINaM, liMgaggahaNaM ca daMsaNavihINaM / saMjamahINaM ca tavaM jo carai niratthayaM tassa // 210 // arthAt samyak cAritra ke binA samyagjJAna, samyagdarzana ke binA muniliMga kA grahaNa aura saMyamavihIna tapa kA AcaraNa karanA nirarthaka hai| kyoMki Age kahA hai ki - nA daMsaNissa nANaM, nANeNa viNA na hunti caraNaguNA / aguNissa natthi mokkho, natthi amokkhassa nivvANaM // 211 // arthAt samyagdarzana ke binA jJAna nahIM hotaa| jJAna ke binA cAritra guNa nahIM hotA / cAritraguNa

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anekAnta 66/1, janavarI-mArca 2013 ke binA karmakSaya rUpa mokSa nahIM hotA aura mokSa ke binA anaMta catuSTaya rUpa nirvANa nahIM hotaa| kahA bhI hai appA appammi rao, sammAiTThI havei phuDu jiivo| jANai taM saNNANaM cAradiha cArittamaggu tti||217|| arthAt AtmA meM lIna AtmA hI samyagdRSTi hotA hai| jo AtmA ko yathArtha rUpa meM jAnatA hai, vahI samyagjJAna hai aura AtmA meM sthita rahanA hI samyakcAritra hai| isa taraha se ratnatraya paraspara eka dUsare ke pUraka haiN| kisI eka se mokSamArga kI siddhi nahIM hotI, kintu inameM bhI samyagjJAna kA apanA hI vaiziSTya hai| kyoMki ratnatraya ke madhya meM isI kA krama hai| AcArya kuMdakuMdadeva ne ratnatraya rUpa ina tInoM kI paribhASA bar3I hI kuzalatA se mAtra eka gAthA meM karate hue kahA hai jIvAdi saddahaNaM sammattaM tesimadhigamo nnaannN| rAyAdi pariharaNaM caraNaM eso du mokkhapaho|samayasAra 155 // arthAt jIvAdi tattvoM kA zraddhAna samyaktva (samyagdarzana) hai, unheM yathArtharUpa meM jAnanA samyagjJAna hai aura rAga-dveSAdi kA tyAga karanA samyaka cAritra hai| yahI ratnatraya svarUpa samyagdarzana-jJAna aura cAritra mokSa kA mArga hai| jJAna kA svarUpa aura mahattva - sAmAnyataH "jo jANadi so NANaM" (pravacanasAra gAthA 35) arthAt jo jAnatA hai, vahI jJAna hai| AcArya vIrasena svAmI ke anusAra "bhUtArtha prakAzanaM jJAnam" (dhavalA 1/143) arthAt satyArtha kA prakAza karane vAlI zakti vizeSa jJAna hai| sarvArthasiddhi (1/6) meM AcArya pUjyapAda kahate haiM"jAnAti jJAyate'nena jJAtimAtraM vA jJAnam"- arthAt jo jAnatA hai, vaha jJAna hai (kartRsAdhana), jisake dvArA jAnA jAye, vaha jJAna hai, (karaNa sAdhana), athavA jAnanA mAtra jJAna hai (bhaavsaadhn)| isa prakAra "yena-yena prakAreNa jIvAdayaH padArthA vyavasthitAstena tenAvagamaH samyagjJAnam (sarvArthasiddhi 1/5) arthAt jisa-jisa taraha se jIva-ajIva Adi padArtha avasthita hai, usa usa prakAra se unakA jAnanA samyagjJAna hai| jJAna ke pahale 'samyak vizeSaNa saMzaya, viparyaya aura anadhyavasAya (vimoha) jaise mithyA jJAnoM kA nirAkaraNa karane hetu rakhA gayA hai| AcArya akalaMkadeva ne tattvArthavArtika (1/1/2) meM 'nayapramANavikalpapUrvako jIvAdyartha yAthAtmyAvagamaH samyagjJAnam' - arthAt naya aura pramANoM ke dvArA jIvAdi tattvoM kA saMzaya, viparyaya aura anadhyavasAya rahita yathArtha bodha samyagjJAna kahA hai aura AcArya kundakundadeva ne "NANaM Narassa sAro" kahakara aise hI samyagjJAna ko manuSyoM ke lie sArabhUta batalAyA hai| kyoMki jJAna hI heya aura upAdeya ko jAnatA hai| vastutaH samaNasuttaM meM pratipAdita jJAnamImAMsA usa samyagjJAna kI vivecanA aura mahattA kA digdarzana karAtI hai, jo samyagdarzana aura samyakacAritra ke sAtha milakara yA ekarUpa hokara mokSamArga prazasta karatI hai| isIlie jinazAsana meM jJAna kise kahate haiM? aneka dRSTiyoM se isakA vivecana karate hue kahA hai teNa taccaM vibujjhejja, jeNa cittaM nnirujjhdi| jeNa attA visujjhejja, taM NANaM jinnsaasnne||252||

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anekAnta 66/1, janavarI-mArca 2013 arthAt jisase tattva kA jJAna hotA hai, citta kA nirodha hotA hai tathA AtmA vizuddha hotI hai, usI ko jinazAsana meM jJAna kahA hai| Age kahA hai jeNa rAgA virajjejja, jeNa seesu rjjdi| jeNa mittI prabhAvejja, taM NANaM jinnsaasnne||253|| arthAt jisase jIva rAga vimukha se hotA hai, zreya meM anurakta hotA hai ora jisase maitrIbhAva prabhAvita hotA (bar3hatA) hai, usI ko jinazAsana meM jJAna kahA gayA hai| isIlie AcAryadeva kahate haiM edamhi rado NiccaM saMtuTTho hohi nniccmedmhi| edeNa hohi titto hohidi tuha uttamaM sokkhaM // 259 // arthAt isIlie he bhavyajIva! tU isI jJAna meM hI sadA lIna rh| isI meM sadA saMtuSTa rhaa| isI se tRpta ho| isIse tujhe uttamasukha (paramasukha) prApta hogaa| kyoMki samyaktvarUpI ratna se zUnya aneka prakAra ke zAstroM ke jJAtA vyakti bhI ArAdhanA vihIna hone se saMsAra meM arthAt narakAdika gatiyoM meM bhramaNa karate rahate haiN|259|| jaise koI vyakti nidhi prApta hone para usakA upabhoga svajanoM ke bIca karatA hai, vaise hI jJAnIjana prApta jJAna nidhi kA upabhoga paradravyoM se vilaga hokara apane meM hI karatA hai | gAthA 261 / / isIlie jJAna, dhyAna aura tapobala se indriya-viSayoM aura krodha, mAna, mAyA evaM lobha-ina kaSAyoM ko balapUrvaka rokanA caahie| jaise ki lagAma ke dvArA ghor3oM ko balapUrvaka rokA jAtA hai| samaNasuttaM meM jJAnavAn hone kI sArthakatA ahiMsA meM pratipAdita karate hue kahA hai eyaM khu nANiNo sAraM, jaM na hiMsai kNcnn| ahiMsA samayaM ceva, etAvaMte viyaanniyaa||147|| arthAt jJAnI hone kA sAra yahI hai ki vaha jJAnI kisI bhI prANI kI hiMsA na kre| itanA jAnanA hI paryApta hai ki ahiMsAmUlaka samatA hI dharma hai athavA yahI ahiMsA kA vijJAna hai| isa saMbandha meM samaNasuttaM meM Age batAyA ki cUMki jJAnI karmakSaya ke lie udyata huA hai, hiMsA ke lie nhiiN| jo nizcalabhAva se ahiMsA ke lie prayatnazIla rahatA hai, vaha apramatta muni ahiMsaka hotA hai||1567|| vastutaH zAstroM kA adhyayana karake mokSamArga kA jJAna ho jAne para bhI satkriyA se rahita jJAna iSTa lakSya ko prApta nahIM karA sktaa| jaise kisI gantavya taka pahu~cane ke mArga kA jJAna hone para bhI samucita prayatna na karane se koI bhI jIva apane gantavya taka nahIM pahu~ca sakatA athavA anukUla vAyu kI preraNA ke abhAva meM jalayAna (jahAja) icchita sthAna taka nahIM pahuMca sktaa||265| isI taraha cAritrazUnya puruSa kA vipula zAstroM kA adhyayana bhI vyartha hI hai| jaise ki andhe ke Age lAkhoM-karor3oM dIpaka jalAnA vyartha hai||266|| ataH samyagjJAna ke prakAzana se, ajJAna aura moha ke parihAra se tathA rAgadveSa ke pUrNakSaya se jIva ekAnta sukha arthAt mokSa prApta karatA hai||289|| ataH jo AtmA ko isa apavitra zarIra se tattvataH bhinna tathA jJAyaka bhAvarUpa jAnatA hai, vahI samasta zAstroM ko jAnatA hai|||255|| isIlie kahA hai "je egaM jANai, se savvaM jaanni| je savvaM jANai, se egaM jaanni||258||

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anekAnta 66/1, janavarI-mArca 2013 arthAt jo eka (AtmA) ko jAnatA hai, vaha saba (jagat) ko jAnatA hai aura jo sabako jAnatA hai vaha eka ko jAnatA hai| isa prakAra samaNasuttaM meM jJAna kA mahatva pratipAdita kiyA gayA hai| Age jJAna ke bhedoM kI carcA karate hue jJAna kI sUkSma vivecanA prastuta hai jJAna ke bheda - AtmA meM anantaguNa haiM, kintu ina ananta guNoM meM eka "jJAna" guNa hI aisA hai, jo "sva para" prakAzaka hai| jaise dIpaka apane ko bhI prakAzita karatA hai aura anya padArthoM ko bhI prakAzita karatA hai| usI prakAra jJAna apane ko bhI jAnatA hai aura anya padArtho ko bhI jAnatA hai| yadi jJAnaguNa na ho to vastu ko jAnane kA dUsarA koI upAya nahIM hai| isIlie jJAna kI upamA prakAza se dI jAtI hai- "NANaM pyaasyN"| AtmA kA guNa to jJAna hai hI, kintu vaha samyak bhI hotA hai aura mithyA bhI hotA hai| saMzaya, viparyaya aura anadhyavasAya ko mithyAjJAna kahate haiN| isIlie samaNasuttaM meM kahA hai saMsayavimoha-vibbhaya vivajjiyaM appprsruuvss| gahaNaM sammaM NANaM sAyAramaNeyabheyaM tu||674|| arthAt saMzaya, vimoha (viparyaya) aura vibhrama (anadhyavasAya) - ina tIna mithyAjJAnoM se rahita apane aura para ke svarUpa kA grahaNa karanA samyagjJAna hai| yaha samyagjJAna vastusvarUpa kA yathArtha nizcaya karAtA hai, ataeva ise sAkAra arthAt savikalpaka (nizcayAtmaka) kahA gayA hai| isake aneka bheda haiN| jaisA ki isa lekha ke prArambha meM hI jJAna ke pA~ca bheda batalAye gaye haiN| samaNasuttaM meM bhI kahA hai tattha paMcavihaM nANaM, suyaM aabhinibohiyN| ohinANaM tu taiyaM maNanANaM ca kevlN||675|| arthAt vaha jJAna pA~ca prakAra kA hai - 1. Abhinibodhika (matijJAna), 2. zrutajJAna 3. avadhijJAna, 4. manaHparyayajJAna aura 5. kevljnyaan| ina pA~ca jJAnoM meM Arambha ke cAra jJAna kSAyopazamika hone ke kAraNa apUrNa haiN| paMcama kevalajJAna saMpUrNa karmoM ke kSaya se utpanna hone ke kAraNa paripUrNa hai| inhIM pAMca jJAnoM kA pratyakSa aura parokSa - ina do pramANoM ke rUpa meM vibhAjana kiyA gayA hai| matijJAna aura zrutajJAna - ye parokSa haiN| kyoMki ye indriya aura mana kI sahAyatA se hote haiN| zeSa tIna jJAna pratyakSa haiN| inameM bhI avadhijJAna aura manaHparyayajJAna ye do deza pratyakSa haiM tathA ekamAtra kevalajJAna sakala pratyakSa hai| samaNasuttaM meM gAthA saMkhyA 677 se 684 taka ATha gAthAoM meM jJAna ke ina pA~ca bhedoM kA svarUpa vivecana kiyA gayA hai| ataH kramazaH prastuta hai - 1. matijJAna - sAmAnyataH "tadindriyA'niMdriya nimittam" (tattvArthasUtra adhyAya.1.) arthAt indriya aura mana kI sahAyatA se jo jJAna padArthoM ko jAnatA hai, vaha matijJAna hai| darzanapUrvaka avagraha, IhA, avAya aura dhAraNA ke krama se matijJAna hotA hai| samaNasuttaM meM ise Abhinibodhika nAma se kahA gayA hai| kahA bhI hai -

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anekAnta 66/1, janavarI-mArca 2013 IhA apoha mImAMsA, maggANa ya gvesnnaa| saNNA satI matI paNNA savvaM aabhinnibodhiyN||677|| arthAt IhA, apoha, mImAMsA, mArgaNA, gaveSaNA, saMjJA, zakti, mati aura prajJA- ye saba Abhinibodhika yA matijJAna hai| 2. zrutajJAna - zrutajJa ke viSaya meM kahA hai atthAo atyaMtara-muvalaMbhe taM bhaNaMti suynnaannN| AbhiNibohiyapuvvaM NiyameNa ya saddayaM muulN||678|| arthAt anumAna kI taraha artha (zabda) ko jAnakara usa para se arthAntara (vAcyArtha) ko grahaNa karanA zrutajJAna kahalAtA hai| yaha niyamataH AbhinibodhikajJAnapUrvaka hotA hai| isake liMgajanya aura zabdajanya - ye do bheda haiN| dhuA~ dekhakara agni kA jJAna honA liMgaja hai aura vAcaka ke zabda sunakara yA svayaM par3hakara hone vAlA jJAna zabdaja hai| Agama meM zabdajanya zrutajJAna kA hI prAdhAnya hai| 3. avadhijJAna - "avadhIyate iti avadhiH-" arthAt dravya, kSetra, kAla aura bhAva kI maryAdApUrvaka rUpI padArthoM ko ekadeza jAnane vAle jJAna ko avadhijJAna kahate haiN| AgamoM meM ise "sImAjJAna" bhI kahA hai| isake do bheda haiM - bhavapratyaya aura gunnprtyy| (gAthA saM. 681) 4. manaHparyayajJAna - jo jJAna manuSyaloka meM sthita jIva ke cintita, acintita, ardhacintita Adi aneka prakAra ke artha se mana ko pratyakSa jAnatA hai, vaha manaHparyayajJAna hai||682|| kevalajJAna - samasta padArthoM kI trikAlavartI paryAyoM ko yugapat jAnane vAlA kevalajJAna hai| kahA bhI hai ki kevalajJAna loka aura aloka ko sarvataH paripUrNa rUpa se jAnatA hai| bhUta, bhaviSya aura vartamAna meM se aisA kucha bhI nahIM hai, jise kevalajJAna nahIM jAnatA ho||684|| kevalajJAna kI vizeSatAoM ke viSaya meM samaNasuttaM meM kahA hai - ___kevalamegaM suddhaM sagalamasAhAraNaM aNaMtaM c| pAyaM ca nANasaddo, nAmasamANAhigaraNo'yaM // 682 // arthAt "kevala" isa zabda ke eka, zuddha, sakala, asAdhAraNa aura ananta Adi artha haiN| isIlie kevalajJAna "eka" hai| indriyAdi kI sahAyatA se rahita hai aura isake hone para anya sabhI jJAna nivRtta ho jAte haiM - isIlie yaha "ekAkI" hai| malakalaMka rahita hone se 'zuddha' hai| sampUrNa jJeyoM kA grAhaka hone se "sakala" hai| isake samAna aura koI jJAna nahIM hai, ataH "asAdhAraNa" hai| isakA kabhI anta nahIM hotA, ataH ananta hai| ye saba kevalajJAna kI vizeSatAyeM haiN|

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anekAnta 66/1 janavarI-mArca 2013 prazna hotA hai ki ina pA~ca jJAnoM meM eka sAtha kisI bhI jIva ko kitane jJAna ho sakate haiM ? AcArya umAsvAmI ne tattvArthasUtra (1/30) meM kahA hai- "ekAdIni bhAjyAni yugapadekasminnAcaturbhyaH" arthAt eka jIva meM eka sAtha eka se lekara cAra jJAna taka hI ho sakate haiM, isase adhika nahIM / jIva kA yadi eka jJAna hogA to mAtra "kevalajJAna" / kyoMki yaha nirAvaraNa aura kSAyika hai| arthAt samasta jJAnAvaraNa karma ke kSaya se yaha hotA hai| isIlie asahAya (akelA) hotA hai| isake sAtha anya kSAyopazamika jJAna nahIM raha skte| 40 jJAna ke sambandha meM jainadharma kI yaha mAnyatA bhI vizeSa mahattva rakhatI hai ki yahA~ jJAna ke abhAva ko to ajJAna kahA hI hai, mithyAjJAna ko bhI ajJAna mAnA hai| yahA~ ina donoM meM yaha antara vizeSa dRSTavya hai ki jIva ekabAra samyagdarzana rahita to ho sakatA hai, kintu jJAna rahita nahIM ho sktaa| kisI na kisI prakAra kA jJAna jIva meM avazya rahatA hai| vahI jJAna samyaktva kA AbhirbhAva hote hI samyagjJAna kahalAne lagatA hai| isa prakAra jainadharma meM dravyAnuyoga ke aneka viziSTa graMthoM kI apekSA samaNasuttaM meM yadyapi jJAna kA svarUpa - vivecana sAmAnya hote huye bhI sampUrNa hai| jJAnaviSayaka ina gAthAoM kI yadi vistRta vyAkhyA kI jAe to kAphI sUkSma vivecanA sAmane AtI hai| isalie ratnatraya meM samyagjJAna kA apanA vizeSa mahatva hai| kyoMki jJAnarUpI prakAza hI aisA utkRSTa prakAza hai, jo samasta jagat ko prakAzita karatA hai| isIlie ise dravya svabhAva kA prakAzaka kahA gayA hai| samyagjJAna se tattvajJAna, citta kA nirodha tathA Atmavizuddhi prApta hotI hai| aise hI jJAna se jIva rAga se vimukha tathA zreya meM anurakta hokara maitrIbhAva se prabhAvita hotA hai| bhagavatI ArAdhanA gAthA (771) meM kahA hai ki jJAnarUpI prakAza ke binA mokSa kA upAyabhUta cAritra, tapa, saMyama Adi kI prApti kI icchA karanA vyartha hai| aba jJAna kI mahimA ko batalAne vAlI samaNasuttaM kI nimnalikhita gAthA prastuta karate huye isa Alekha ko pUrNa mAnatA hU~ - sUI jahA sasuttA, na nassaI kayavarammi paDiA vi| jIvo vi taha sasutto, na nassai gao vi saMsAre // 248 // arthAt dhAgA piroI huI suI kacare meM gira jAne para bhI khotI nahIM hai, vaise hI sasUtra arthAt zAstrajJAna yukta jIva saMsAra meM par3akara bhI naSTa nahIM hotaa| ataH maiM apane prati yaha kAmanA karatA hU~ ki aise hI samyagjJAna ko merI AtmA prApta kare, tAki yaha manuSya janma saphala ho jaae| nidezaka, bI.ela.iMsTITyUTa oNpha iNDolaoNjI, 20vA~ kimI. jI. TI. karanAla roDa, po. alIpura, dillI-110036

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maMgala evaM maMgalAcaraNa kA vizleSaNAtmaka adhyayana -DaoN.basantalAlajaina 'maMgala' zabda kalyANakArI evaM zubha sUcaka zabda hai| kisI bhI zubhakArya ke prAraMbha meM maMgalarUpa AcaraNa karanA maMgalAcaraNa hai| graMtha jana hitArtha likhA evaM paDhA jAtA hai| ataH usako prArambha karate samaya maMgalAcaraNa kA nirvAha kiyA jAtA hai| maMgalAcaraNa meM apane iSTadeva ko yAda kara unako praNAma kiyA jAtA hai| maMgalAcaraNa meM prAyaH paMcaparameSThI yA ratnatraya pradAtA deva, zAstra aura gurU ke guNoM kI stuti kI jAtI hai| isase kaSAyoM kI mandatA hotI hai aura zubha rAga evaM puNya prApta hotA hai| maMgalAcaraNa karane se pariNAmoM meM nirmalatA AtI hai| maMgala AcaraNa karane se sAre pApa dUra hote haiN| isalie AcAryoM ne kahA hai ki - aparAjita - maMtro'yaM, srv-vighn-vinaashnH| maMgaleSu ca sarveSu, prathamaM maMgalaM mtH|| eso paMca-NamoyAro, svv-paavppnnaa-snno| maMgalANaM ca savvesiM, paDhama hoI mNglN|| vighnaughAH pralayaM yAnti, shaakinii-bhuut-pnngaaH| viSaM nirviSatAM yAti, stUyamAne jineshvre||1 arthAt yaha paMca namaskAra maMtra ajeya hai, saba vighnoM kA vinAza karane vAlA hai yaha paMca namaskAra maMtra saba pApoM kA nAza karane vAlA hai aura sarva maMgaloM meM prathama maMgala hai| maMgalAcaraNa meM arihanta, siddha, AcArya, upAdhyAya aura sAdhu - ina pAMca parameSThI, bhagavAna kA stavana karane se vighnasamUha naSTa ho jAte haiM eva zAkinI, DAkani, bhUta, pizAca, sarpa, siMha agni Adi kA bhaya nahIM rahatA aura halAhala viSa bhI apanA asara tyAga dete haiN| dhavalA grantha ke anusAra maMgala kA vivecana - (ka) dhavalA TIkA meM AcArya vIrasena svAmI jI ne maMgala kA vivecana dhAtu, nikSepa, naya, ekArtha, nirukti aura anuyoga' ke dvArA kiyA hai| 1. 'dhAtu' yA vyAkaraNa kI apekSA maMgala kA kathana - 'dhAtu' se hI zabdoM kI niSpatti mAnI gayI hai athavA zabdoM ke mUla kAraNabhUta dhAtu hai| 'magi' dhAtu se 'alac' pratyaya karane para 'maMgala' zabda kI niSpatti huI hai| jisakA artha hai - sukha ko lAne vaalaa|' 2. 'maMgala' ke ekArthavAcI zabda - dhavalA graMtha meM AcArya ne isa prakAra batAye haiM - maMgala, puNya, pUta, pavitra, ziva, zubha, kalyANa, bhadra, saukhya ityAdi

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42 anekAnta 66/1 janavarI-mArca 2013 3. 'maMgala' zabda kI nirUkti pUrvaka kathana AcArya vIrasena svAmI jI ne maMgala zabda kI nirukti karate hue likhA hai maMga- zabdo'yamudiSTaH puNyArthasyAbhidhAyakaH / tallA-tItyucyate - maMgala mNglaarthibhiH|| pApaM malamiti proktamupacAraH samAzritaH / taddhi gAlayatItyuktaM maMgalaM paNDitai janaiH // - arthAt 'maMga' zabda puNya rUpa artha kA pratipAdaka hai, jo puNya ko lAtA hai, use maMgala ke icchuka satpuruSa maMgala kahate haiN| athavA upacAra se pApa ko mala bhI kahA jAtA hai, isalie jo usa pApa kA gAlana kare arthAt nAza kare usako bhI paNDitajanoM ne maMgala kahA hai| 4. nikSepa kI apekSA maMgala kA kathana nAmAdi ke dvArA vastu meM bheda karane ke upAya ko nyAsa yA nikSepa kahA jAtA hai| pramANa aura naya ke anusAra pracalita hue lokavyavahAra ko nikSepa kahate haiN| anirNita vastu ko nirNita karane vAlA nikSepa kahalAtA hai| nikSepa ke chaha bheda haiM nAma, sthApanA, dravya kSetra, kAla aura bhAva / 6 ina chaha nikSepa kI apekSA maMgala kA kathana isa prakAra hai nAma maMgala - jAti dravya guNa aura kriyA ke binA kisI vastu kA yA manuSya kA 'maMgala' isa nAma ke nizcita karane ko nAma maMgala kahate haiM, jaise kisI bAlaka kA nAma maMgalarAma yA maMgaladAsa rakha diyA jAya to vaha nAma maMgala hai| sthApanA maMgala - lekhanI Adi se likhita citra meM, nirmita mUrti meM athavA anya kisI vastu meM buddhi se usameM maMgala rUpa jIva ke, mahAtmA yA paramAtmA kI "yahI vahI hai" isa prakAra kI sthApanA karanA sthApanA maMgala hai, jaise bhagavAn mahAvIra kI mUrti meM bhagavAna mahAvIra kI sthApanA kara namaskAra karanA sthApanA maMgala hai| dravya maMgala - bhaviSya meM pUrNa jJAna ke atizaya ko yA muktidazA ko prApta hone ke lie sanmukha mahAtmA ko athavA bhUtakAla meM mukti prApta jIva ko yA pUrNa jJAna prApta puruSa mahAtmA ko vartamAna meM namaskAra karanA dravyamaMgala kahA jAtA hai| isa bheda meM bhUtakAla aura bhaviSyakAla kI mukhyatA lekara usa pUjya AtmA ko namaskAra kiyA jAtA hai| kSetra maMgala - guNa pariNata Asana kSetra arthAt, jahA~ para yogAsana, vIrAsana Adi aneka AsanoM se tadanukUla aneka prakAra ke yogAbhyAsa jitendriyatA Adi guNa prApta kiye gaye hoM, aisA kSetra pariniSkramaNa kSetra arthAt jahAM tIrthaMkara Adi mahApuruSoM ne dIkSA lI hai aisA kSetra, kevalajJAnotpatti kSetra aura nirvANa kSetra ko kSetra maMgala kahate haiN| jaise- sammedazikhara, giranAra parvata, campApura pAvApura Adi / kAla maMgala - jisa kAla meM jIva kevalajJAnAdi avasthAoM ko prApta hotA hai, use pAparUpI mala galAne vAlA hone ke kAraNa kAla maMgala kahate haiN| dIkSA, kevalajJAna, nirvANa prApti divasa Adi kAla maMgala kahe jAte haiN| jaise- paryuSaNa parva, zrutapaMcamI, mokSasaptamI, mahAvIra jayaMtI Adi /

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anekAnta 66/1, janavarI-mArca 2013 bhAva maMgala - kevala jJAna prApta athavA mukti dazA ko prApta vartamAna paryAya ke sahita arahanta, evaM siddha kI AtmA ko bhAva nikSepa maMgala kahate haiN| arthAt vartamAna meM kAla meM maMgala paryAyoM se pariNata jo zaddha jIva hai (paMca parameSThiyoM kI AtmA) haiM, ve bhAva maMgala hai| sAtizaya puNya ke kAraNa bhUta pariNAma yA mokSa ke sAkSAt hetabhata bhAva bhI bhAvamaMgala hai| jaise- pUjA-bhakti, dhyAna ke prinnaam| 5. naya kI apekSA maMgala kA kathana - naya ke mUlarUpa se do bheda haiM - 1. dravyArthikanaya, 2. paryAyArthika ny| tIrthakaroM ke vacana sAmAnya prastAra kA mUla vyAkhyAna karane vAlA dravyArthika naya hai aura unhIM vacanoM ke vizeSa prastAra kA mala vyAkhyAtA paryAyArthika naya hai| athavA dravya kI mukhyatA se paMcaparameSThI kI AtmA aura paryAya kI dRSTi se unakI vartamAna paryAya maMgala hai| zeSa sabhI naya ina donoM ke bheda haiN| 6. anuyoga kI apekSA maMgala kA kathana - isa anayoga meM maMgala kyA hai? maMgala kisakA ? kisake dvArA maMgala kiyA jAtA hai? maMgala kahA~ hotA hai? kitane samaya taka maMgala rahatA hai? maMgala kitane prakAra kA hai? - ina sabhI praznoM kA uttara - samAdhAna kiyA gayA hai| maMgala kyA hai? - jIva dravya maMgala hai| maMgala kisakA hai? - jIva dravya kA maMgala hai| kisake dvArA maMgala kiyA jAtA hai? - audayika bhAvoM ke dvArA maMgala kiyA jAtA hai arthAt pUjA-bhakti aNuvrata-mahAvrata Adi prazasta rAgarUpa audayika bhAva-pariNAma bhI maMgala meM kAraNa hote haiN| maMgala kahA~ hotA hai jIva meM maMgala hotA hai| kitane samaya taka maMgala rahatA hai? - nAnA jIvoM kI apekSA hamezA maMgala rahatA hai aura eka jIva kI apekSA anAdi ananta, aura sAdi-sAnta taka maMgala rahatA hai| maMgala kitane prakAra kA hai?- maMgala sAmAnya kI apekSA eka prakAra kA hai| mukhya, gauNa kI apekSA maMgala do prakAra kA hai| dravya maMgala aura bhAva maMgala do prakAra kA hai| laukika aura pAramArthika kI apekSA maMgala ke do prakAra haiN| nizcaya va vyavahAra kI apekSA maMgala ke do prakAra hai| samyagdarzana, samyagjJAna aura samyakcAritra ke bheda se tIna prakAra kA maMgala hai| arihaMta, siddha, sAdhu aura arhanta ke bheda se maMgala cAra prakAra kA hai| samyakdarzana, samyagjJAna aura tIna gupti ke bheda se pAMca prakAra kA hai| nAma, sthApanA, dravya, kSetra, kAla, bhAva kI apekSA maMgala ke chaha bheda haiN| paMcaparameSThI kI apekSA maMgala pAMca prakAra kA kahA jA sakatA hai| navadevatA kI apekSA maMgala nava prakAra kA siddha hotA hai| athavA jinendra deva ko namaskAra karane kI jitanI paddhatiyA~ haiM, maMgala ke utane bheda ho sakate haiN| (kha) maMgala ke chaha adhikAroM kA kathana - maMgala ke viSaya meM chaha adhikAroM dvArA daMDaka kA kathana karanA caahie| daNDaka ke chaha nAma isa prakAra haiM - maMgala kA artha maMgalakartA, maMgalakaraNIya maMgala kA upAya, maMgala ke bheda, maMgala kA phl|

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anekAnta 66/1, janavarI-mArca 2013 1. maMgala kA artha - maMgala do zabdoM ke se banA hai - mN+gl| 'maM' kA artha hai - 'pApa' evaM 'gala' kA artha hai - glaanaa| yA "maM-pApaM gAlayati iti mNglm|" arthAt jo pApoM ko naSTa kareM galA deveM, vaha maMgala hotA hai| jo saMsAra ke samasta dAkhoM ko naSTa karane vAlA tathA laukika sukha va AdhyAtmika sukhoM ko dene ke nimitta kAraNa haiM ve maMgala kahalAte haiN| 2. magala-kartA - caudaha vidyA-sthAnoM ke pAragAmI AcArya parameSThI maMgalakartA hai| 3. maMgalakaraNIya - bhavya jana maMgala karane yogya hai| 4. maMgala kA upAya - ratnatraya kI sAdhaka sAmagrI maMgala kA upAya hai| 5. maMgala ke bheda - 'jinendra deva kA namaskAra ho' ityAdi rUpa se maMgala aneka prakAra kA hai| jo zlokAdi kI racanA ke binA hI jinendra guNa-stavana kiyA jAtA hai vaha anibaddha maMgala hai tathA jo zlokAdi kI racanA rUpa se graMtha ke Adi meM graMthakAra ke dvArA iSTadevatA ko namaskAra nibaddhakara kiyA jAtA hai vaha nibaddha maMgala hotA hai| isa prakAra nibaddha aura anibaddha ke bheda se maMgala ke do rUpa haiN| 6. maMgala kA phala - abhyudaya aura mokSa sukha maMgala kA phala hai| arthAta jitane pramANa meM yaha jIva maMgala ke sAdhana milAtA hai, utane hI pramANa meM usase jo yathAyogya abhyudaya aura niHzreyasa sukha milatA hai vahI usake maMgalAcaraNa evaM maMgala kA phala hai| maMgala evaM maMgalAcaraNa karane kA prayojana - kisI bhI zubha kArya ke AraMbha meM maMgala AcaraNa karanA maMgalAcaraNa kahalAtA hai| maMgalamaya AcaraNa-vyavahAra kyoM karanA cAhie ? maMgalAcaraNa karane kA kyA upadeza hai? maMgalAcaraNa karane kA kyA pratiphala hai? ina sabhI prazna kA uttara yaha hai ki - hamAre jIvana meM AdhyAtmika sAdhanA kA jo parama lakSya hai vahI lakSya/ uddezya/ pratiphala isa stuti - vaMdanA svarUpa maMgalAcaraNa kA bhI hai| stuti, vaMdanA svarUpa maMgalAcaraNa meM deva, zAstra, guru yA paMcaparameSThI yA nava devatA yA tIrthakara kA guNAnuvAda kiyA jAtA hai| azubha, vikAra bhAva yA pApoM ko naSTa karane ke dhyeya se puNyaprApti yA Atmazuddhi ke lie bhI maMgalAcaraNa kiyA jAtA hai| puNyaprApti, Atmazuddhi ke atirikta maMgalAcaraNa ke prayojana 10 isa prakAra hai - 1. paramapitA paramezvara maMgala svarUpa hai| una paramAtmA ko maMgalAcaraNa meM namostu karane se hamArA uddezya nirvighna rUpa se sampanna hotA hai| arthAt maMgala svarUpa maMgala pradAtA paramAtmA kA guNAnuvAda karane se graMtha jaise zabhakArya kI racanA nirvighna rUpa se pUrNa hotI hai| 2. jinendra bhagavAna ko namaskAra karate hue maMgalAcaraNa karanA ziSTAcAra kA paripAlana bhI hai| loka meM ziSTa evaM viziSTa vyaktiyoM kI yaha paramparA hai ki pratidina paramAtmA kA darzana, pUjana-bhakti karate haiM tathA pratyeka zubha kArya ke zubhArambha meM pUjya iSTadeva ko smaraNa kara unako namaskAra kara maMgalAcaraNa karate haiM aura unake prati kRtajJatA prakaTa karate hue ziSTAcAra kA pAlana karate haiN| kyoMki jina paramAtmA kI kRpA se zraddhA, jJAna aura cAritra rUpa ratnatraya guNa kI prApti hotI hai| maMgala vidhi dvArA unake prati kRtajJatA prakaTa karanA ziSTajanoM kA kArya hai|

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anekAnta 66/1, janavarI-mArca 2013 3. Izvara kI sattA meM vizvAsa karanA maMgalAcaraNa kA dyotaka hai| maMgalAcaraNa karane se nAstika mata kA khaNDana aura Astika bhAva kA samarthana hotA hai| maMgalAcaraNa karane vAle bhaktaparamAtmA, punarjanma, AtmA, svarga, mokSa, dharma Adi ko vizvAsapUrvaka jAnatA hai tathA sad AcaraNa karatA hai, vaha bhakta Astika kahalAtA hai| Astika athavA parIkSA pradhAnI bhakta sarvajJa zAstra, vrata aura jIvatattvoM meM astitva buddhi rakhane ko Astikya kahate haiN| Astikya prayojana ke binA kisI bhI mAnava kA paramAtmA meM bhakti kA bhAva nahIM ho sktaa| 4. namaskAra pUrvaka maMgalAcaraNa karane se mana pavitra-nirmala ho jAtA hai| jaba manuSya sarvajJa paramAtmA ke zreSTha guNoM kA kIrtana yA ciMtana karatA hai taba vaha usameM ahita vicAra dUra hokara yA pApavAsanA kA nAza hokara mana meM acche vicAra tathA utsAha jAgRta hotA hai jo mana ko pavitra karatA hai| guNI mahApuruSa ke gaNoM ke cintana yA kIrtana ke binA hadaya kI zuddhi nahIM ho sktii| AdhyAtmika evaM laukika paropakArI kArya ko pUrNa karane ke lie mAnasika zuddhi Avazyaka hai| 5. bhagavAna kI bhakti karate samaya unako namaskAra karane meM AtmakalyANa kI bhAvanA nihita hai| Atma-kalyANa ke sAtha-2 vizva kalyANa kI bhAvanA bhI isa namaskAra sahita bhakti meM samAhita hai| jo vyakti Atmahita kI sAdhanA karatA hai usa vyakti se hI vizva kA kalyANa ho sakatA hai| isa prayojana kI siddhi parameSThI kI bhakti ke binA nahIM ho sktaa| kAraNa ki jisa AtmA ne makti mArga kI sAdhanA kara mukti ko prApta kiyA hai, vaha AtmA hI saMsAra se mukti kA mArga dikhA sakatA hai| paramAtmA kI arcanA, bhakti evaM sAdhanA karate samaya unako praNAma kiyA jAtA hai kyoMki aisA karane se paramAtmA ke andara virAjamAna sadguNoM kI prApti hotI hai| paramAtmA anantAnanta guNoM ke svAmI hote haiN| isalie unake gaNa hameM bhI prApta ho, isa bhAvanA se hama unako namaskAra karate haiN| jo vyakti jisa guNI puruSa ke samAna guNoM ko prApta karanA cAhatA hai, vaha usI guNI puruSa kI saMgati karatA hai, usako Adarza mAnatA hai, usako namaskAra karatA hai, usakI prazaMsA karatA hai| isalie paramAtmA ke samAna zreSTha gaNoM ko prApta karane ke lie vyakti unakI pUjA, vaMdanA karatA hai, unako praNAma karake zubha kArya kA prAraMbha karate haiN| vyakti ko gaNa grAhI banakara guNI kI pUjana vaMdana abhivaMdana karanA cAhie, na ki loka samAna, dhana lAlasA, viSaya bhoga Adi ke lobha se| AcArya pUjyapAda svAmI sarvArthasiddhi ke maMgalAcaraNa meM likhate haiM - "mokSa mArgasya netAraM, bhettAraM karma bhU bhRtaam| jJAtAraM vizvatattvAnAM, vande tada guNa lbdhye|"11 artha-jo mokSa mArga ke netA, karmarUpI parvatoM ko bhedane vAle evaM vizva ke tattvoM ko jAnane vAle, aise vizeSaNoM se suzobhita hitopadezI, vItarAgI aura sarvajJa bhagavAn ko unake zreSTha guNoM kI prApti ke lie maiM unakI vaMdanA karatA huuN| 7, paMcaparameSThI yA paramAtmA kI sAdhanA karane se jIvana kA paramalakSya mokSa-prApti hotI hai| paramAtmA ko dhyAna meM rakhakara kiyA gayA upAsanA hI upAsaka ko mukti mArga kI prApti karAtA hai| AcArya vidyAnaMda svAmI jI Apta parIkSA meM likhate haiM ki -

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anekAnta 66/1, janavarI-mArca 2013 "zreyo mArgasya saMsiddhiH prsaadaatprmesstthinH| 12 arthAta-parameSThI- paramAtmA ke prasAda se zreyomArga- kalyANakArI mArga athavA mokSamArga kI siddhi hotI hai| yahA~ para prasAda kA artha hai- prasannacitta paramAtmA kI upAsanA-bhakti krnaa| isase jo kalyANa mArga kI siddhi hotI hai vahI yathArtha meM parameSThI kA prasAda hai| samyakdarzana aura samyagjJAna sahita samyak AcaraNa hI mokSamArga-zreyamArga kahalAtA hai, 13 isa mokSa mArga kI prApti nirmala bhakti evaM vaMdanA se sambhava hai| jaba hama prabhu kI bhakti-vaMdanA stuti svarUpa maMgala AcaraNa kA vyavahAra karate haiM taba kyA hameM zreyamArga kI prApti nahIM hogI? arthAt hogii| arthAt vItarAga jinendra deva ke smaraNa, kIrtana, guNAnuvAda, stuti, pUjana, praNAma, namo'stu maMgalarUpa AcaraNa karane se anaMtAnaMta saMsAra kI janma-maraNa rUpa paramparA kA nAza kara mukti dhAma kI prApti hotI hai| saMdarbha - 1. jina bhAratI saMgraha, pRSTha - 60 2. jinendravacanAmRtasAra - (DaoN. gulAbacanda jaina) pRSTha-7 3. jinendravacanAmRtasAra - (DaoN. gulAbacanda jaina) pRSTha-7 4. dhavalA pustaka 1. pRSTha-31 5. dhavalA pustaka 1. pRSTha-33-34 SaTkhaNDAgama, khaNDe 1, pustaka 1, (TIkAkatrI- A. jJAnamati mAtA) pRSTha-30 SaTkhaNDAgama, khaNDa 1, pustaka 1, (TIkAkatrI- A. jJAnamati mAtA) pRSTha-31 8. SaTkhaNDAgama, khaNDa 1, pustaka 1, (TIkAkatrI- A. jJAnamati mAtA) pRSTha-40 9. dhavalA 1/1, 1.1/36/9, jainendra siddhAMta koza bhAga -3, pRSTha-241 10. (i) paMcAstikAya saMgraha 1, AcArya jinasena kRta taatpryvRtti| 11. (ii) nyAyadIpikA- DaoN. darabArIlAla koThiyA, pRSTha-135 (hindI anuvAda) 12. (i) AptaparIkSA - (AcArya vidyAnaMda jI) 13. (ii) AptaparIkSA - saM. nyAyAcArya paM. darabArIlAla koThiyA, prakAzaka-vIra sevA maMdira, dillI padya 2, pRSTha-2 13. 'samyak darzana jJAna cAritrANi mokSamArgaH" - tattvArthasUtra adhyAya 1, sUtra 1 - kohaeNr3Ara, ilAhAbAda-212301 (u.pra.)

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kaliGga cakravartI khAravela -DaoN.ramezacandajaina zuGga rAjavaMza ne 112 varSa taka rAjya kiyaa| isake bAda isakA anta ho gyaa| isake bAda kaliGga meM eka zaktizAlI rAjya kA udaya huA, jisake pradhAna nAyaka khAravela mAne jAte haiN| prAcIna bhArata ke itihAsa aura sAMskRtika kSetra meM prakhyAta cedi rAjavaMza kI pratiSThA kaliGga meM mahAmeghavAhana vaMza ke nAma se IsA pUrva prathama zatAbdI taka ho cukI thii| bahudhA jainadharma ke pradhAna pRSTha poSaka hone ke kAraNa isa vaMza ke rAjAoM kA yaza jaina sAhitya meM vizeSa rUpa se kIrtita huA hai| mahAbhArata, bauddha cetIya jAtaka tathA anya purANoM meM bhI isa vaMza kA vivaraNa pAyA jAtA hai| kaliGga meM khAravela isa rAjavaMza ke sarvazreSTha zAsaka mAne jAte haiN| yaha bhI tAtparya pUrNa hai ki bhAratavarSa meM ve hI mahArAjA pada vibhUSita sarvaprathama samrATa haiM aura unakI prathama nahiSI ke maJcapurI guphA abhilekha meM unheM cakravartI ke rUpa meM abhihita kiyA gayA hai| dasa varSa ke zAsanakAla meM khAravela ne jo sAmarika saphalatA pAI thI, usake samakakSa dRSTAnta bhArata ke itihAsa meM dRSTigocara nahIM hotaa| unake zAsana kAla meM kaliGga samasta bhAratavarSa meM advitIya aura ajeya zakti ke rUpa meM vivecita haA tathA apane rAjanaitika prabhAva ko himAlaya se kumArikA, pUrvasAgara se pazcima payodhi taka vyApta kara sakA thaa| zAsaka ke rUpa meM unakI mAnavIyatA, kalA aura saMskRti ke prati pragAr3ha anurAga, udAra dharmanIti aura AdhyAtmikatA ke kAraNa itihAsa meM unheM viziSTa sthAna prApta huA hai| cedi rAjavaMza cedi rAjavaMza bhArata meM ati prAcIna kAla se hI pratiSThita thaa| jinasena kRta harivaMza ke ullekha se yaha spaSTa pratipAdita hotA hai ki vindhyAcala ke samIpavartI kSetra meM abhicandra ne cedi rASTra kI sthApanA kI thI aura zaktimatI nadI ke taTa para unakI rAjadhAnI thI, jisakI zaktimatIpura ke nAma se khyAti thI vindhyapRSThe'bhicandreNa cediraassttrmdhisstthitm| zuktimatyAstaTe'dhyAyi nAmnA zuktimatI purii|| zuktimatI Adhunika ur3IsA ke balAMgIra jile meM pravAhita zukatela nadI hai| mahAmeghavAhana kaliMga meM cedi rAjavaMza ke pratiSThAtA the| phalasvarUpa kaliMga magadha se svataMtra huA aura usake gauravamaya itihAsa meM naye-naye adhyAya jaDate ge| khAravela kaliMga meM apane vaMza ke tRtIya rAjA the| dvitIya rAjA anumAnataH hAthI gumphA zilAlekha kI AdyapaMkti meM ullikhita cetarAja khAravela ke pitA haiN| pArjiTara ne madhyapradeza meM bahane vAlI kena nadI ko zuktimatI kahA hai| rAjA zizupAla cedivaMza kA zAsaka thaa| usakI rAjadhAnI canderI thii| khAravela ke pUrvaja bhI mUlataH canderI ke AsapAsa sthita cedideza ke hI vAsI rahe hoNge|

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anekAnta 66/1, janavarI-mArca 2013 jIvana paricaya khAravela piMgalavarNa vapuvAn rUpavaMta puruSa the| janma ke samaya se unake zarIra para mahAmAnava ke lakSaNoM kA honA jJAta thaa| vividha krIDAoM ke mAdhyama se zikSArambha hokara pandraha varSa kI Ayu taka ve lekhana (rAjakIya patrAlApa) rUpa (mudrA vijJAna), gaNanA (gaNita jJAna) vyavahAra (nyAya), vidhi (prazAsanika) aura sabhI vidyAoM meM nipuNa ho gae the| hAthI gumphA abhilekha se yaha spaSTa ho jAtA hai ki khAravela pandraha varSa kI avasthA meM yuvarAja pada para adhiSThita hue the| parantu unheM kisane adhiSThita kiyA thA, yaha isa abhilekha se jJAta nahIM hotA hai| anumAnataH usa samaya khAravela ke pitA kI akAla mRtyu ke kAraNa unheM nAbAliga avasthA meM yuvarAja kA pada milA thA, aura unheM dUsaroM kI prazAsanika sahAyatA se rAjya zAsana kiyA thaa| unakI do rAniyA~ thIM, prathama rAnI lalArka (hastIsiMha ke prapautra) kI duhitA thI, yaha vajiraghara rAnI ke nAma se prakhyAta thii| vajiraghara ko Adhunika madhyapradeza sthita berAgar3ha ke rUpa meM cinhita kiyA gayA hai| dvitIya mahiSI siMhapatha rAnI ke nAma se abhihita thii| siMhapatha ko Adhunika zrI kAkulam jilA ke siMgapurama ke rUpa meM cinhita kiyA gayA hai| I, cauthI sadI meM mAThara rAjavaMza ke rAjatvakAla meM siMhapurama hI kaliMga kI rAjadhAnI thii| donoM rAniyAM bhinna bhinna avasaroM para janasAdhAraNa ke sammukha upasthita huA karatI thiiN| abhiSekotsava ke eka varSa bAda kaliMga kA upakUlavartI kSetra vAtAvadhvaMsa ke kAraNa kaliMga nagarI ke U~ce U~ce prAsAda, gopura aura durgoM ke prAcIra Dhaha gae the, jisase kaliMga kI paryApta hAni huI thii| abhiSeka ke turanta bAda prathama varSa meM hI unhoMne rAjadhAnI kaliMga nagarI ke bhagna prAsAda aura prAcIroM kA punaH nirmANa karAyA evaM rAjadhAnI ko sudRr3ha tathA suzobhita kiyaa| durga, prAcIra aura aTTAlikAoM ke saMskAra sAdhana ke sAtha sAtha unhoMne prAcIna jalAzayoM kA bhI jIrNoddhAra karAyA aura unheM sundara sopAna zreNI se sajAkara udyAnoM ko navIna rUpa pradAna kiyaa| isa vikAsa kArya ke lie paiMtIsa lAkha mudrAoM kA vyaya huA thaa| tIna sau varSa pUrva kaliMga meM mahApadmananda ne jo nahara khudavAI thI, khAravela ne apane zAsana ke pAMcave varSa meM usakI abhivRddhi kI tathA use kaliMga nagarI taka le aae| vaha jala pravAha kaliMga meM kRSi, snAna, saMtaraNa tathA pAnIya ke lie atyanta sahAyaka siddha huaa| rAjatva ke chaThe varSa meM unhoMne rAjaizvarya kA pradarzana karate hue paura aura janapadoM ko kara rahita ghoSita kiyaa| usa samaya vaidezika dhanasampadAoM se rAjakoza paripUrNa thaa| ataH unnayana kAryoM para usakA koI prabhAva na pddaa| rAjatva ke nauveM varSa khAravela ne jainatIrtha mathurA ko yavanoM kI adhInatA se mukta kiyaa| tatpazcAt ar3atIsa lAkha mudrAoM ke vyaya se vijayasmArikA ke rUpa meM eka mahAvijaya prAsAda kA nirmANa kiyaa| usakA krIDA saMgIta aura nATya ke prati vizeSa AkarSaNa thaa| hAthI gumphA zilAlekha ur3IsA kI rAjadhAnI bhuvanezvara ke samIpa udayagiri para hAthI gumphA nAmaka prAkRtika gumphA kI AbhyantarINa chata para khodI huI mahArAja khAravela kI eka sudIrgha prastara lipi hai| yahI suprasiddha 'hAthI gumphA' zilAlekha hai| sarvaprathama isakI khoja 1820 meM sTarliga sA. ne kI thI tathA ise "An account of Geographical statisfdeical and historical of Orissa or Cuttack" graMtha meM sandarbhita kiyA thaa| bAda meM mArkhama kiTo (M. Kittoe), prisepa, alekjeNDara kaniMghama, rAjendralAla mitra, laoNka (locke) paNDita bhagavAnalAla indra, byUlara (Buhler) je.bI blaoNka

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anekAnta 66/1, janavarI-mArca 2013 (J.B. Block), kIlahAna je.eca. phlITa, lyUDara epha.DablyU thAmasa (E.W. Thomas) khAladAsa banarjI, kAzI prasAda jAyasavAla, veNImAdhava baruA, dinezacandra sarakAra, tathA navIna kumAra sAhU Adi ne isake pAThoddhAra kA prayAsa kiyaa| zilAlekha kA bhAvAnuvAda isa prakAra hai - (1) arahantoM ko nmskaar| sarva siddhoM ko nmskaar| aila mahArAja mahAmedhavAhana cetarAjavaMzavarddhana prazasta zubhalakSaNasampanna akhila dezastambha, kaliMgAdhipati zrI khAravela ne| (2) pandraha varSa taka zrI sampanna aura kaDAra (gandumI) raMga vAle zarIra se kumAra krIDAyeM kii| bAda meM lekha, rUpagaNanA, vyavahAra vidhi meM uttama yogyatA prApta kara aura samasta vidyAoM meM pravINa hokara usane nau varSa taka yuvarAja kI bhAMti zAsana kiyaa| jaba vaha pUrA caubIsa varSa kA ho cukA, taba usane jisakA zeSa yauvana vijayoM se uttarottara vRddhiMgata huA - (3) kaliGgarAjavaMza meM eka puruSa yuga ke lie mahArAjyAbhiSeka paayaa| apane abhiSeka ke pahale hI varSa meM usane vAtavihata (tUphAna se bigAr3e hue) gopura (phATaka), prAkAra (cahAradIvArI) aura bhavanoM kA jIrNoddhAra karAyA, kaliGga nagarI ke phabbAre ke kuNDa, dUSitalla (?) aura tar3AgoM ke bAMdhoM ko baMdhavAyA; samasta udyAnoM kA pratisaMsthApana karAyA aura paiMtIsa lakSa prajA ko saMtuSTa kiyaa| (4) dUsare varSa meM sAtakIrNa kI cintA na karake usane pazcima deza meM bahuta se hAthI, ghor3oM, manuSyoM aura rathoM kI eka bar3I senA bhejii| kRSNaveNa nadI para senA pahuMcate hI usane usake dvArA bhUSika nagara ko santApita kiyaa| tIsare varSa meM phira (5) usa gandharvaveda meM nipuNamati ne danta, nRtya, gIta, vAdya, sAndarzana, utsava aura samAja ke dvArA nagarI kA manoraMjana kiyaa| aura cauthe varSa meM vidyAdhara nivAsoM ko jo pahale kabhI naSTa nahIM hue the aura jo kaliMga ke pUrva rAjAoM ke nirmANa kiye hue the........ unake mukuToM ko vyartha karake aura unake lohe ke TopoM ke do khaNDa karake aura unake chatra (6) aura bhaMgAroM ko (suvarNakalazoM ko) naSTakara tathA girAkara aura unake samasta bahumUlya padArthoM tathA ratnoM kA haraNa kara samasta rASTrikoM aura bhojakoM se apane caraNoM kI vandanA kraaii| isake bAda pAMcave varSa meM usane tanasaliya mArga meM nagarI meM usa praNAlI (nahara) kA praveza kiyA, jisako nandarAja ne tIna sau varSa pahale khudavAyA thaa| chaThe varSa meM usane rAjasUya yajJa kara saba karoM ko kSamAkara diyaa| (7) paura aura jAnapada (saMsthAoM) para aneka zatasahasra anugraha vitaraNa kiye| sAtaveM varSa rAjya karate hue vajra gharAne kI dhRSTi nAmaka gRhiNI ne mAtRka pada ko pUrNa karake sukumAra AThaveM varSa meM usane (khAravela) ne bar3I dIvAra vAle gorathagiri para eka bar3I senA ke dvArA (8) AkramaNa kara rAjagRha ko ghera liyaa| parAkrama ke kAryoM ke isa samAcAra ke kAraNa narendra (nAma).... ............ apanI ghirI huI senA ko chur3Ane ke lie mathurA calA gyaa|

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50 anekAnta 66/1 janavarI-mArca 2013 + ( naveM varSa meM) usane diye.. .. pallava yukta / (9) kalpavRkSa, sArathI sahita haya-gaja-ratha aura sabako agnivedikA sahita gRha, AvAsa aura parivasana saba dAna ko grahaNa karAe jAne ke lie usane brAhmaNoM kI jAtipaMkti jAtIya saMsthAoM ko bhUmi pradAna kI / arhat..... (10) usane mahAvijaya prAsAda nAmaka rAjasannivAsa, ar3atIsa sahasra kI lAgata kA bnvaayaa| dasaveM varSa meM usane pavitra vidhAnoM dvArA yuddha kI taiyArI kara deza jItane kI icchA se bhAratavarSa (uttara bhArata) ko prasthAna kiyaa| (11) (gyArahaveM varSa meM) pUrva rAjAoM ke banavAe hue maNDapa meM, jisake pahie aura jisakI lakar3I moTI, U~cI aura vizAla thI, janapada se pratiSThita terahaveM varSa pUrva meM vidyamAna ketubhadra kI tikta (nIma), kASTha kI amara mUrti ko usane utsava se nikaalaa| bArahaveM varSa meM ...... usane uttarApatha (uttarI paMjAba aura sImAMta pradeza) ke rAjAoM meM trAsa utpanna kiyaa| (12) aura magadha ke nivAsiyoM meM vipula bhaya utpanna karate hue usane apane hAthiyoM ko gaMgA pAra karAyA aura magadha ke rAjA bRhaspatimitra se apane caraNoM kI vandanA kraaii| (vaha) kaliMga jina kI mUrti ko jise nandarAja le gayA thA ghara lauTA lAyA aura aMga aura magadha kI amUlya vastuoM ko bhI le aayaa| (13) usane . jaTharollikhita (jinake bhItara lekha khude haiM) uttama zikhara, sau kArIgaroM ............. ko bhUmi pradAna karake banavAe aura yaha bar3e Azcarya kI bAta hai ki vaha pANDavarAja se hastinAvoM meM bharAkara zreSThahaya hasti, mANika aura bahuta se muktA aura ratna najarAne meM laayaa| (14) phira terahaveM varSa meM vrata pUrA hone para (khAravela ne) una yApa jJApakoM ko jo pUjya kumArI parvata para, jahA~ jina kA cakra pUrNa rUpa se sthApita hai, samAdhiyoM para yApa aura kSema kI kriyAoM meM pravRtta the, rAjabhRtiyoM ko vitaraNa kiyaa| pUjA aura anya upAsaka kRtyoM ke krama ko zrI jIvadeva kI bhAMti khAravela ne pracalita rkhaa| (15) suvihita zramaNoM ke nimitta zAstra- netra ke dhArakoM, jJAniyoM aura tapobala se pUrNa RSiyoM ke lie (usake dvArA), eka saMghAyana (ekatra hone kA bhavana ) banAyA gyaa| arhat kI samAdhi (niSadyA) ke nikaTa pahAr3a kI DhAla para, bahuta yojanoM se lAe hue aura sundara khAnoM se nikAle hue pattharoM se, apanI siMhaprasthI rAnI dhRSTI ke nimitta vizrAmAgAra bnvaayaa| (16) aura usane pATAlikAoM meM ratnajaTita stambhoM ko 75 lAkha paNoM (mudrAoM ke vyaya se pratiSThApita kiyaa| vaha (isa samaya ) muriya kAla ke 164 veM varSa ko pUrNa karatA hai| vaha kSemarAja, varddharAja, bhikSurAja, dharmarAja aura kalyANa ko dekhatA rahA hai, sunatA rahA hai aura anubhava karatA rahA hai|

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anekAnta 66/1 janavarI-mArca 2013 51 (17) guNavizeSa kuzala, sarvamatoM kI pUjA (sanmAna) karane vAlA, sarva devAlayoM kA saMskAra karAne vAlA, jisake ratha aura jisakI senA ko kabhI koI roka na sakA, jisakA cakra cakradhura (senApati) dvArA surakSita rahatA hai, jisakA cakra pravRtta hai aura jo rAjarSi kula meM utpanna huA hai, aisA mahAvijayI rAjA zrI khAravela haiN| isa zilAlekha kI prasiddha ghaTanAoM kA tithipatra IsA pUrva 1460 (lagabhaga) ketubhadra IsA pUrva 460 (lagabhaga) kaliMga meM nandazAsana IsA pUrva 230 azoka kI mRtyu IsA pUrva 220 (lagabhaga) kaliMga ke tRtIya rAjavaMza kA sthApana IsA pUrva 197 khAravela kA janma IsA pUrva 188 mauryavaMza kA anta aura puSyamitra kA rAjya prApta karanA / IsA pUrva 182 khAravela kA yuvarAja honA IsA pUrva 180 (lagabhaga) sAtakarNi prathama kA rAjya prArambha IsA pUrva 173 khAravela kA rAjyAbhiSeka IsA pUrva 172 mUSika nagara para AkramaNa IsA pUrva 169 rASTrikoM aura bhojakoM kI parAjaya IsA pUrva 167 rAjasUya yajJa IsA pUrva 165 magadha para prathama AkramaNa IsA pUrva 161 uttarApatha aura magadha para AkramaNa, pANDavarAja se adeya (najarAne) kI prApti IsA pUrva 160 zilAlekha kI tithi / 4 vijaya yAtrA apane rAjatvakAla ke dUsare hI varSa meM khAravela ne rAjA sAtakarNa kA koI bhaya na mAnakara pazcima dizA kI ora sainyadala bhejA thaa| yaha sAtakarNa avazya hI Andhra sAtavAhana vaMza ke rAjA hoMge hAthI guphA ke zilAlekha se jJAta hotA hai ki khAravela ne apane rAjatva ke 12veM varSa meM magadhAdhipati vRhaspatimitra ko yuddha meM parAsta kiyA thaa| kucha logoM ke anusAra puSyamitra suMga kA hI dUsarA nAma vRhaspati mitra thA / khAravela 24 varSa kI umra meM kaliMga ke siMhAsana para baitthaa| usake rAjya ke teraha varSoM kA varNana zilAlekha meM hai / isa alpa samaya meM kaliMga ke uttara aura dakSiNa meM jitane rAjya the, sabhI ko usane jIta liyA thaa|' sAtakarNI rAjA Andhra ke sAtavAhana vaMza kA tRtIya rAjA thaa|

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anekAnta 66/1, janavarI-mArca 2013 sAtakarNI rAjA ko harAne ke bAda khAravela kI senA kaliMga na lauTakara dakSiNa meM kRSNA nadI ke taTa para base hue azika nagara para jA phuNcii| purANa ke anusAra usa samaya kRSNA nadI ke jo rAjA the, ve bar3e hI parAkramI aura zUravIra the, phira bhI unakI zakti khAravela kA mukAbalA karane se hAra gii| azika rAjya para Adhipatya jamA khAravela sainya sahita eka varSa taka vahIM rahA, bAda meM lauttaa| khAravela tIsare varSa kahIM nahIM gyaa| isa varSa usane rAjadhAnI meM Anandotsava mnaae| cauthe varSa arakaDapura meM jo vidyAdharoM ke vAsa the, una para adhikAra kara rathika aura bhojaka logoM para AkramaNa zurU kiyaa| ina sabhI ko parAsta kara usane apane AdhIna kara lie| pAMcaveM varSa meM usane tanasuliya - vATa - nahara ko bddh'aayaa| ise nandarAja ne banavAyA thaa| chaThe varSa paura aura jAnapadoM ko usane vizeSa adhikAra pradAna kie| sAtaveM varSa usakA vivAha dhUmadhAma se huaa| AThaveM varSa usane magadha para AkramaNa kie aura sasainya gorathagiri (barAbara kI pahAr3iyA~) taka pahuMca ge| usake zaurya kI gAthA suna yavanarAja demitriyasa mathurA chor3akara bhAga gyaa| rAjadhAnI ko lauTakara khAravela ne apane rAjatvakAla ke 9veM varSa meM mahAn utsava va dAnapuNya kiyaa| unhoMne sabhI ko kimicchika dAna diyaa| yoddhAoM ko ghor3e, hAthI, ratha bheMTa kie aura prAcI nadI ke donoM taToM para vijayaprAsAda banavAkara apanI digvijaya ko sthAyI banA diyaa| dasaveM varSa meM apanI senA ko usane punaH uttara kI ora bhejA evaM gyArahaveM varSa usane magadha para AkramaNa kiyaa| yaha AkramaNa azoka ke kaliMga AkramaNa ke pratizodha meM thaa| magadhanareza bahaspatimitra khAravela ke pairoM meM natamastaka hue| unhoMne aMga aura magadha kI mUlyavAna bheMTa lekara rAjadhAnI ko prayANa kiyaa| isa bheMTa meM kaliMga ke rAjacinha aura kaliMga jina (bhagavAn RSabhadeva) kI prAcIna mUrti bhI thI, jise nandarAja magadha le gayA thaa| khAravela ne usa atizaya pUrNa mUrti ko kaliMga vApasa lAkara bar3e utsava se virAjamAna kiyaa| usa ghaTanA kI smRti meM unhoMne vijayastambha bhI bnaavaayaa| isI varSa dakSiNa ke pANDyanareza ne khAravela kA satkAra kiyA aura bahumUlya bheMTa dii| bArahaveM varSa uttara aura dakSiNa ke bar3e-bar3e narezoM ko parAsta kara ve kaliMga cakravartI siddha hote haiN| 13veM varSa meM khAravela rAjyalipsA se virakta ho dharmasAdhanA kI ora jhukate haiN| kumArI parvata para jahAM bhagavAn mahAvIra ne dharmopadeza diyA thA, vahAM jinamandira banavAte haiM aura arhanta niSadhikA kA uddhAra karate haiN| ve eka zrAvaka ke vratoM kA pAlana kara Atmonnati meM laga jAte haiN| khAravela ke samaya kA rASTra jainadharma thaa| jaina sAdhuoM ke lie khAravela ne aneka guphA banavAI thiiN| unhoMne NamokAra maMtra ke do pada - "namo arahaMtAnaM, namo savvasidhAnaM" apane9 zilAlekha ke prAraMbha meM likhAe the| usane lekha ke sAtha svastika Adi jaina mAMgalika cinha bhI khudavAe the| usake zilAlekhoM meM bauddha aura AjIvikoM kA ullekha nahIM hai| isase yaha dyotita hotA hai ki kaliMga meM brAhmaNa aura jaina do hI pradhAna dharma the| unake zAsana meM jainadharma kaliMga meM unnati ke zikhara para phuNcaa| ve karmazUra hone ke sAtha sAtha dharmazara the| khAravela janma se jaina the| unhoMne azoka kI taraha apanA dharma parivartana nahIM kiyA thaa| unakI upAdhi khemarAjA (kSamAzIla rAjA), bhikSurAjA, dharmarAjA, varddhamAnarAjA Adi the| bhikSu rAjA upAdhi se yaha dyotita hotA hai ki unhoMne munivrata bhI dhAraNa kie the| khaNDagiri kI bAraha gaphA meM caubIsa tIrthakaroM kI martiyoM ke atirikta pazcimI dIvAla ke kone meM unakI mUrti digambara veSa meM vidyamAna hai, kamaNDalu nIce rakhA hai, hAtha meM picchi lie dhyAnamudrA meM khar3e haiN| isase dyotita hotA hai ki jainadharma ke saMrakSaNa aura samprasAraNa meM unhoMne apanA jIvana samarpita kara diyA thaa|

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anekAnta 66/1, janavarI-mArca 2013 jainadharma ne kaliMga ke nivAsiyoM ko bahuta prabhAvita kiyA hai| yahA~ eka mahimA dharma kA udaya huA thaa| mahimA dharma ke anuyAyI sAdhu khaNDagiri ke AsapAsa Azrama banAkara rahate haiN| ve jaina kSullakoM kI taha geruA raMga kI eka kaupIna aura eka utarIya dhAraNA karate haiN| ve rAtri bhojana nahIM karate haiM aura pUrNatayA zAkAhArI haiM aura dayAdharma ko pAlate haiN|" Ara. pI mahApAtra ne Jain Monuments pR. 40 meM kahA hai - "No parking of food after sunset and their practice of burning the deadbody shows the influence of Digambar Jains." ur3IsA meM prArambha se hI jainoM kA nivAsa thaa| sarAka jAti prAcIna jainoM kA hI avazeSa hai| saMbhavataH zuGgakAla meM ye zahara chor3akara gAMva aura jaMgala meM rahane ko vivaza hue hoN| jagannAtha jI kI rathayAtrA jainoM kI rathayAtrA kA anukaraNa hai| nAtha sampradAya kA astitva bhI tIrthakaroM kI vicAradhArA ke prabhAva se udaya meM aayaa| cano mohana gAMgalI ne kahA hai ki ur3IsA meM jainadharma kI jar3eM itanI gaharI thIM ki hama usake cinha 16vIM sadI I. taka pAte haiN| ur3IsA kA sUryavaMzI rAjA pratAparudradeva jainadharma kI ora bahuta jhukA huA thaa| saMdarbha 1. zrI sadAnanda agravAla : khAravela pR.1 (bhUmikA) prakAzaka-zrI di. jaina samAja,kaTaka, mahatAba roDa, kaTaka, janavarI 1993 2. vahI pRSTha 3 3. khAravela pR. 23-24 4. jaina zilAlekha saMgraha - bhAga-2, pR.4 -11 5. DaoN. lakSmInArAyaNa sAhU : ur3IsA meM jainadharma pR. 42 6. M. N. Das : Glimpses of Kalinga History P.60 7. N. K. Sahu - History of Orissa, vol.II, P.327 8. ur3IsA meM jaina dharma pR. 57 9. ur3IsA meM jainadharma pR.55-57 10. pro. lAlacandra jaina : ur3IsA meM jainadharma pR. 31-32 11. vahI, pRSTha-131 12. ur3IsA eNDa hara rimensa : enzieNTa eNDa meDievala, kalakattA 1912 - dvArA, manoja khannA mu. jATAna, bijanaura (u.pra.)

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Relativity and Anekant - Dr. Samani Shashi Prajna Acarya Sidhasena (6th-7th cent. A.D.) has supported absolute unity at the existential level where there remain no distinction, except pure existence. So Jain logicians don't agree with the statement that relativity is anekant rather they believe that relativity is the outcome of anekant philosophy. Moreover Jain logician denote anekant with the term, 'jatyantara' i.e. it is neither relativity nor absolutes. Relativity is actually outcome of anekanta. Nayavada is a significant contribution of the Jain logic and epistemology. It helps to understand the nature of an object in a comprehensive way. It is the basis of the principle of anekanta as already mentioned by Siddhasena Divakara in his work. Mailla Dhavala in his Nayacakra approves the very same statement with addition to an illustration. For eg. the essence of all the scriptures is alphabet; Samyaktva (Right word view) is the basis of all the penance, the lead is the basis of all the metals likewise naya in the basis or essence of anekanta. 1 Lord Mahavira, the preceptor through his enlightenment, articulated the way of expressing the truth, which seems absolutists in appearance and non-absolutist in approach. The methodology is recognized as sevenfold dialectic through which multiple truth can be expressed. The only condition is that when one quality becomes dominant in expression, the rest would be secondary at theat time.2 Acarya Amrtchandra (10th cent. A.D.) who expounded anekant with a folk imagery, imaging of a seemingly common occurrence in our lives in the countryside at one time in every home and now remaining only in the romance of Lord Krishna. The imagery is how the churning process takes place. The churning process in Vrndavan, the churning process which brought the Amrt by churning the ocean. The example of milk maid given by Amttchandra is worth quoting here. He says: ekenakarsayanti slattayanti vastutattvamitarena, antena jayati jaini nitirmanthannetramiva gopi.3 It means that the lady while churning parts one hand in front and other hand goes behing, by this constant process of the two hands one going forward and one going backward, there is the triumph of anekant.

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anekAnta 66/1 janavarI-mArca 2013 Acarya Mahaprajna also quoted a living example to prove the arpitanarpita of the anekanta philosophy. In our daily routine we experience that when we walk, if the left foot is in front automatically the right will be behind, by this constant process of the two legs one going forward and one going backward actually motion occurs. If a person tries to keep both his legs in front, then it is obvious he will fall down. So the practical application of anekant even in motion can be observed in each step of our life.4 Knowledge Based On Sapatio Temporal Is Relative 55 All knowledge of a thing at particular spatio-temporal locus is conditional and relative to the circumstance.5 Radhakrishnan6 translate syadvada as the theory of relativity. Moreover he says. "the theory relativity cannot be logically sustained without the hypothesis of an absolute. The fact that we are conscious of our relativity means that we have to reach out to a fuller conception. It is from that higher absolute point of view that the lower relative ones can be explained. The founder to the theory of relativity, Albert Einstein explained his relativity through an interesting story. Mrs. Einstein didn't understand her husbands theories. One day she asked, "What shall I say is relativity". The thinker replied with an unexpected parable. " parable, "When a man talks to a pretty girl for an hour, it seems to him only a minute but let him sit on a hot stove for only a minute and it is longer than an hour, that is relativity." Anything bound by time and space cannot be independent. Both are connected to our events. This is so because no event can be explained without time and space. We take the help of these two (specs) measures and explain events. Something we have to refer to the place and sometimes to the same. Where to go; Right or left. Which is right and which is left using any point as the reference we can identify left or right. Otherwise there can be no left or right. Now it is 3.30 in the afternoon in Ladnun. Is it same time in Moscow too, No it is daylight there. Day and night cannot be identified without the concept of relativity. In this context it is relevant to say that there is misconception regarding anekant theory that is expresses only relative truth and there is nothing like an absolute truth in Jain philosophy. To this Acarya mahaprajna replied in his text Jain Darsana Aur Anekanta," the existence of basic five substance are absolute (nirpeksa).7 Moreover he says bereft of absolute how relative truth can exist. This question was raised against anekanta is also anekantic.8 So C.D. Sharma in his book 'A Critical Survey

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37-161 66/1, 91190-HE 2013 of Indian Philosophy' says, the difficulty is that the nayas have not been woven together. The no absolutism is the only thread which can weave them together. In the absence of absolute, this synthesis is an impossible for Jainism.9 Even Jains do accept the absolute truth, Mahaprajana says without absolute truth we cannot attain the relative truth also. But due to misunderstanding of nature of theory above statements are made. Acarya Mahaprajna cited an example of relativity through an instance of teacher and the student. The teacher told the student shorten the line drawn on the black board without erasing any part of it. Now how is it possible to make it short and yet not rub a part of it: the student was intelligent he drew a longer line thus making the original line appear shorter. Jain philosophy contend that no philosophic proposition can be true if it is only unconditionally asserted. 10 Syadvada can be explained to an ordinary person in a very simple manner. A Jain thinker in explaining syadvada raised his little finger and the next one and asked which is bigger? The right finger is bigger no doubt was the answer. He then raised only the ring and the middle finger and then asked, which is smaller? The answer was the ring finger. He then said it is syadvada. The same finger is bigger and smaller both. Thus there is nothing absolutely bigger or smaller. Everything is relatively smaller or bigger. This is the Jain theory of relativity and how this concept coincides with the views of Western Post modern thinkers is highlighted in brief from the anekantic perspective. Overlapping Between Anekanta Philosophy and Post-modern Philosopher's Perspective The non-relative one sided view has created many problems in the field of philosophical thought. Anekant provides a solution to those problems from the point of view of inter-culturality. Under the umbrella of anekanta, all antagonists, one-sided wiewholder come and sit together on one platform breaking the system barrier which divide the entire human race. I have clearly highlighted the doctrine of anekant as an understanding which urges individuals to study the different religions, cultures, customs, rituals, cults, schools of thought and trace out the underlying points of agreements and disagreements so that one can have an iter-cultural dialogue from the point of view of agreements rather than remain in watertight compartment of thoughts. So endeavour is made to interpret the comparative study of post western philosophers thinking with the Jain concept of naya and syada perspective.

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316 66/1, 4792- 2013 Overlapping Between Jainism and Husserl's Philosophical Views Husserl's (1859-1938) philosophical investigations are directed to the search for absolute or universally valid truths. He is a sharp critique of relativism. Relativism, Husserl thinks, leads to a decline in our confidence in our rational certainty. He says, "If truth is relative, being dependent on historical, cultural or psychological context or background, then it will differ with the difference of context. The ultimate results will be the difference of opinion with regard to truth. This will result in skepticism. Social discord, and turmoil will be the final outcome. This is, according to Husserl, the crisis ultimately leads us to look for truths as something context independent as a way out of this crisis. Jainism is a philosophy of non-absolutism and relative pluralism. Jain thinkers will never agree with Husserl that relativism constitutes the crisis of the age. On the contarary, they will emphatically urge that it is rather the other way round. To them, relativism, instead of being the root cause of the crisis of man, is the way out and the only way out of all sorts of crisis that befall us. It is the absolutistic conception of truth irrespective of the consideration of view points which, the Jains will emphatically say, is at the root of all the crises of human civilization. The assertion of absolute truth in the ordinary empirical level smacks of at an outlook, whih is out and out dogmatic. Objects of our knowledge have, according of Jains, inexhaustible facets or aspects, and it is impossible fro us, except, of course, the case of kevaljnani, to know directly all the aspects of an object. Existentialist philosopher Sartre also agreed with the same view. We cannot exhaustively express all the multi-dimensional characteristics of particular object. These are the central points of difference concerning methodology an outlook between the Jain and the Husserlian view pint. Naya deals with a particular aspect of an object, which the knower has in view, it is an opinion or viewpint expressive of a partial truth of the object i.e., jnaturabhipraya and vastvainsagrahi.11 How then can one retrieve the total original awareness of object as given at the very, outset in intuition? To have the total knowledge in terms of the nayas seems impossible because the nayas are not only numerous but infinite in number. There must thus be some way of abridging all these infinite viewpoints and constructing a total and compact view of reality. There must be a way of making a samksepa or samasa of the views. But a word can convey only one characteristics at a particular time and in this way words can express the characteristics of reality only successively. The full scale and simultaneous expression of all the characteristics of reality is never possible by language.12 This view is parallel with the Jain view of avaktavya.

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58 371 66/1, HR-HE 2013 It is for this reason that the Jains divided nayas into dravyarthika naya (substantial naya) and paryayarthika naya (modal or modification naya). Dravyarthika naya is one which is concerned with substantial aspect of an object i.e. the generic and the permanent aspect of an object. Clay e.g. is the substance of a pot. Whatever is to done to the pot, caly remains the same as something indestructible and permanent. When we consider a pot from the pint of view of caly, we are availing ourselves of the sustantial naya. Paryayarthika naya means that viewpoint which deals only with the modes or modifications of a thing or substance. Thus when we consider the pot from the viewpoint of its form, we consider particular modifications of caly. Hence the view point in question is modal naya. Now the arises, what, according to the Jains, are the strictly given inour knowledge? We have seen that so far the expression of intuitional awareness of an object in concerned, the strictly given is only one aspect of the object in accordance with the viewpoint or opinion of the knower, Husserl also says the same thing. When we look at an object what we get in relation to our viewpoint is only one aspect of the object. The viewpoint or the act of consciousness is called the noesis and the partial presentation of the object as revealed in the consciousness is called the noema. Therefore, Husserl's conception of noesis is strictly parallel to Jain concept of naya. Noesis has been defined as a meaning-giving intention and the Jain view of Naya has been defined as Jnaturabhipraya-i.e. abhipraya or intention of the knower. Noesis gives only a partial presentation (or noema) of the object, similar is the case with naya. Now according to Husserl, noesis with regards to an object are infinite in number so also are the cases of naya. Nayas are also infinite in number. In this respect Husserl can also say the same thing like th Jains without embracing any inconsistency viz. anantadharmakam vastu, In strict Husserlian terms this can be cauched as follows: object as phenomenon has infinitely manifold noematic aspects. Again, when Husserl says that object as a system of innumerable noemata corresponding to innumerable noesis is accessible to the knower through a noematic nucleus he merely echoes the view of the Jains in this regard. Substantial viewpoint or dravyarthika naya is thus parallel to what is Husserlian Jargon is called noematic mucleus.13 This, the Jain call, abhedavrtti, Further when Husserl says that noematice nucleus contains within itself in the form of horizon the hints of all the possible noemata, this also seems to be in agreement with the Jains view. A dravya contains within itself the possibility of all the parayayas. So there can be no contradiction in accepting the view that substantial view point can foreshadow the possibility of all the paryayas that a substance can assume and hence in the form of horizon, like the noematic nucleus, it implicitly contains all the paryayas. Dravyarthic naya contains all the paryaya nayas as hints.

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314617 66/1, 4794-HR 2013 In this respect there is the basis for a poing of identity between the different characteristics. And lastly, Husserl says nothing new when he asserts that full knowledge of reduced object as a system of infinite noemata is never possible, that each noema in its reference to other noemata gives us only an idea of the object in its totality and that the ultimate unity of perception is never a matter of experience but always remains an ideal, except the case of kevalins and not in respect of the ordinary knower. The Jain thinkers also hold the same view. We may thus conclude that the Jain thinking, when divested of its natural realistic attitude, can easily be susceptible to phenomenological interpretation and can be said to express the views very close to and almost identical with that of Husserl, Overlapping Between Jainism and Wittgenstein an Philosophical View. This doctrine of anekant also serves as a beacon in studying the epistemological problem of the meaning. The Jain logicians, rhetoricians, grammarians and philosophers have dealt with different aspects of meaning, right from the early centuries of Christian era. For example, in the field of epistemology, the theories of nayavada, syadvad, niksepa etc. deal with the problem of meaning thoroughly. The terms sabdanaya and arthanaya are indicative of the linguistic views of the Jains reflected in epistemology. Language Game and Forms of Life Early Wittensteinean (1889-1951) view of 'Logico Philosophic us' where he stresses upon the meaning of any word. Later the very same view is debunked by later Wittgenstein that there is no the meaning as such, it changes according to the context and form of life. Wittgenstein in Philosophical Investigations' says that words do not have round meaning as we find them in use in ordinary language. According to him language is like a game. A game is not a game unless played. A language is not a language unless used. Meanings of words are determined by the game we play, by the use we make to some purpose later phase of his life. In Investigations, he says, to imagine a language is to imagine a form of life'.17 But this does not mean that, a form of life is a language or a language is a form of life. What does follow is that, there is some logical or conceptual connection between this two notions. Actually form of life draws attention to pre-linguistic behaviour which is an essential presupposition of any language. He concluded that to know words, sentences, or their combinatorial rules are not enough to understand any language, but the form of life (the environment) in which any person is brought is alsoessential for communication, then only correct

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anekAnta 66/1 janavarI-mArca 2013 language game can be played and day to day transactions can be carried on successfully. This view of form of life can be compared with the Jain view of dravya, ksetra kala and bhava i.e. substance, place, time and modes. As every individual is born in different place, different time and in different environment, to understand him/her and to communicate with, we need to look into the form of life for successful communication and for functional operation. For example, the word 'knight' means one like sir Gallahad when we are reading king Arthur and his knights of the Round Table. It refers to P.F. Strawson when we speak of his being knighted by the Queen in recognition not of valour but his erudition. It means a piece on a board of chess the replica of a horse iwth its peculiar movement on the board. 18 Every word gives meaning only in a context. 60 By the theory of language game Wittgenstein has given a poweful blow against the traditional view of essentialism. Essentialism believes that eveordhas a fixed meaning. But, Wittgenstein shows that, meaning of every wors conventional, it might change from time to time according to the different context. For e.g. For e.g. the word 'saindhava' has two meaning 'horse' and 'salt'.19 But if a person is asked to bring 'saindhava' when a soldier is ready to go for war, and if a particular person brings salt at that time and when 'saindhava' is asked during lunch if a particular person brings the horse will not be contextual. The word vaitarni is name of river which is considered as sacred in the Hindu tradition whereas in Jain tradition vaitarni river is consider as the reiver which flows in the hell. Thus the four perspective of Jainism an be compared with the Wittgensteinean view of form of life. In this regard he speaks in true with the Jain perspective of Syadvada and with the perspective of Derridean Deconstruction. This he tries to establish a living languge-related to forms of life. In is one of his highest remarkable contribution in the field of Philosophy. Tho post Structuralist jacque Derrida's views (1931-2004) seems to be parallel with the Jain concept of anekanta. He actually deals with philosophy of language. He supposes that nothing is stable, the so called structure is also not stable. Everything is tentative, there is no permanent the truth, no the meaning, no the text, no the interpretation and no the context. One cannot tie the meaning of any word. Moreover, he says every sign is made up of signifier and signified. But he claims that there is no transcendental signified and no as such signified can be found as it is abstract mental construction. Moreover signified is never a finished product. It is like a cloud forming which is endless. So the quest for the meaning of any word would lead one to the endless deferal. For example,

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3116166/1, 4794-2013 Let us try to tie the word 'meaning of the meaning. The meaning of the word meaning" as per th Oxford Dictionary is 'what is meant.21 Further it is searched the meaning is searched, it is found 'signify'. Agian the same process is continued and we got the meaning of the word "signify" as being significant. The meaning of the meaning is infinite in its implication, this is what anekanta claims that each word has infinite meanings if dealt from different perspective. In an attempt to capture the signified (the meaning of the word), we keep moving from one dignified (word) to another signifier, we never get to the signified, the signified gets lost in the search, and we keep going round and round. Thus one can mark the circularity of 'signifiers'. One way try defining (i.e.capturing the signified) even of simple words like 'a city'it can nver be defined in absolute terms. We can only say it is a larger town. But, again the word 'town' has to be specified, we can say it is a large village, etc. This clearly shows that a sign is a sign of another sign with no fixed meaning ofr signified, there is no final transcendental signified. According to Derrida, Language is structured as an endless deferal of meaning and any search for the exxential, absolute stable meaning must therefore be considered metaphysical, there is no fixed element, no fundamental unit, no transcendental signified that is meaningful in itself. In addition to this, Derrida point out that in everything (sign, text, context) whatever the opposite of it, in always already there as a trace. According to Derrida, wherever there is endless deferral there is trace, For e.g. in light there is trace of darkness and vice-versa. There is a trace of land in sea in Land, vice-versa. In adult there is a trace of child, In man there is a trace of women. You can't dyconotize and say, this is absolute man and absolute women. Jain view of enekant is in agreement with this concept of trace when Hemachandra also says that in the particles of darkness, there are particles of light and vice-versa. 22 In the view Derrida, the other is always already present in the reality one don't have to invent it. According to the Jain view, jar is defined by its resident qualities (e.g., red etc.) as well as by "non-jar". This metaphysical idea presented in language. is confirmed in the third statement in saptabharigi naya : syad ghata asti canasti ca. The now existing jar is metaphysically determined and defined by its other, non-jar. In this sense the jar is also non-jar. In the Derridean Jargon, words are signs, the signified

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62 anekAnta 66/1 janavarI-mArca 2013 is another word. We move from word to word to word, leading towards endless deferal. This is the position of today's philosophy of language. Claude Levi Strauss had said that a word is meaningful because of its binary "other" word. A single word by itself has no meaning. Rejecting this Structuralism view, Jacque Derrida says that a words includes its other within its meaning. He refers to Plato's use of the word pharmokon, which means medicine as well as poison. Thus the word contains opposites as its meaning. This idea Derrida applies in general in his theory of words and meanings. One can say that the sentence, ghata asti nasti ca, reflects this idea if taken in terms of philosophy of language. The point I want ot make is that today's cultural problem of the "other" can be seen in this light. Infect the other or others are not that "other" sealed of against each other. Anekantavada, then, said this long before Derrida. Bad and good, men and women both are complementary (one that complete the other) not antonyms. The same view is accepted in Jainism, no reality is selfcomplete by itself, it achieves its completeness because of the other. The moment one privileges one attribute, falls in fallacy. Without lie, you can't say truth, in misunderstanding also there is understanding, in vagueness also there is clarity, in truth also there is untruth and vice-versa. So there is nothing like absolute, everything is always relative to the other. This is what that Jain perspective of anekant which accepts this relativity will never assert anything absolutely. According to anekanta philosophy when one quality becomes dominant in expression the rest would be secondary at that time. In this way, multiple truth can be expressed with the help of syad particle. In this state, no attributes are left privileged. Along with this Derrida says, if a sign is a sign of another sign and if a text is a text of another text, then a context is a context of another context. This implies that even contextual meaning is not fixed and there is no limit to what may be called 'contextual meaning'.23 There is endless deferral in contextual meaning. This view can be compared with Siddasena perspective (sanmati Prakarana, 3.28) pertaining to naya where he says no word of the jina is independent of naya. The nayas are as many in number as there are ways of putting the sentences. So it can be said that Derridian deconstruction is a kind of hermeneutic free-for-all, a joyous release from all the rules and understanding as per some American deconstructionists. Thus it is mentioned how the western postmodern philosophers view seen to be running parallel with the concept of anekantic relativity of perspective, relativity of meaning and impossibility of exhaustive expression of any object.

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3116166/1, 474- 2013 Primary Texts : 1. Nayacakra of Mailla Dhavala., ED. Kaiaschandra Sastri, Varanasi: Bharatiya Jnanpith Publication. 1971 verse 175. Taha Satthanan maic sammattani teha tavaiguna nilaye, dhavuvaye raso taha nayamulani aneyante. Acarya Mahaprajna Ekanta Mai Anekant: Anekant mai Ekannt. Ed. Sadhvi Vishruta Vibha. Delhi : Jain Vishva Bharati. 2006 P.202 Sarvarthasiddhi of Pujyapada, op. cit., verse 5-32, p.303 3. Purusartha Sidyupaya of Amrtcandra, op.cit., verse.225 4. Mahaprajana. Jain Darsana : Manana Aur Mimanisa, op.cit.,p. 5. Mahaviraraj Galera. Sceince in Jainism, P.17 6. Radhakrishnan, Indian Philosophy, Vol.-I, p. 305-06 7. Mahaprajna. Jain Darsana Aur Anekanta, op. cit., p.4 8. C.D. Sharam, A Critical Survey of Indian Philosophy, p.57 9. Mahaprajna, Anekanta The Third Eye, op.cit.pp. 73-74 10. Matilal, Bimal Krishna. The Central Philosophy of Jainism (Anekantvada), Ed. Dalsukh Malavania, Nagin J. Shah Ahemedabad: L. D. Institute of Indology. 1981, p.61 11. Illuminator ofJain Tentets. Ed. Nathmal. Translation of Jain Siddhanta Dipika, 10.18. 12. Mahaprajna, Acarya, Jain Darsana Aur Anekant. Ed. Muni Dulharaj, Churu : Adarsa Sahitya Sanga Publication. 2000, p.25 13. Samarikanta Samanta. Nayavada : Phenomenological Interpretation. Quoted from Tulsi Prajna, Vol. 135-136, Oct.-Sep., 2007, p.44 15. Ludwig Wittgenstein. Philosophical Investigations, section-11 16. PNTA. VII.41 yathendanam anubhavann indrah, sakanakriya prainath sakrah purdarena pravrttah purandara ityucyate. PNTA VII.41.see IJT X.26. 17. Ludwig Wittgenstein, Philosophical Investigations, op.cit.,Secc. 19. 18. Arun Kumar Makherjee. Anekantavada and Its Statement in Saptabhangi Naya. Tulsi Prajna. Jain Vishva Bharati Institute, No.113-114, Dec.2001, P.27

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34 66/1, 1798-H 2013 19. Mahaprajna, Acarya. Jiva-Ajiva. Ed. Muni Sumermal & Jethmal Bhansal, Ladnun: Jain Vishva Bharati. 1995, p.34 20. Anekantavad & Syadvad. Ed. Srichand Rampuria. Ladnun: Jain Vishva Bharati Institute. 1996 p.268. 21. Oxford Advance Lerner's Dictionary. Ed. Jonathan Crowther. 1991, p.726. 22. Syadvadamanjari of Mallisena, p.18 ; Anyayoga Vacchedika, verse 5. 23. N. Krishnaswamy, John Varghese and Sunita Mishra, Contemporary Literary Theory : A student's Companion. Delhi : Macmillan India Ltd. (1st edn., 2001) Reprint 2005. - Jain Vishva Bharati University, Ladnun-341306 (Raj.)

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jaina vAGgamaya meM saMgIta -siddhArthajaina,ema.myUja. saMgIta eka aisI kalA hai, jo sAdhanA ke bala para prApta kI jAtI hai| vastutaH saMgIta- bhakta ke hRdaya kI bhakti ko pragaTa karane kA eka saphala mAdhyama hai| saMgIta eka IzvarIya niyAmata hai| svara-sAdhanA se eka saMgItajJa prabhu kI upAsanA karatA huA eka AdhyAtmika puruSa ke samAna pavitra mana aura hRdaya vAlA bana jAtA hai| prAcArya nihAlacaMda jaina ne apanI eka kRti meM saMgIta ko apane maulika rUpa se paribhASita kiyA hai| unhoMne likhA ki saMta zabda ke bIca meM yadi 'gI' jur3a jAya to saMgIta bana jAtA hai, arthAt saMta jo gAtA hai, vaha saMgIta hai| saMgIta kA upayoga prAraMbha meM bhagavAna kI bhakti ke lie hI hotA thaa| bAda meM vividha bhAvAbhivyakti ke lie ise upayoga meM lAyA jAne lgaa| bhagavAna ke prati sarvatobhAvena Atma samarpaNa hone ke lie isakA upayoga kiyA jAtA rahA hai| tiloyapaNNatti' nAmaka graMtha meM madhyaloka ke svarUpa meM AThavA~ dvIpa 'nandIzvara-dvIpa' batAyA hai, jahAM ke akRtrima caityAlayoM meM deva/deviyAM jAkara, apanI bhakti ko saMgIta ke mAdhyama se karane kA ullekha prApta hotA hai| vahA~ 'manuSya' nahIM jA sakate kevala samyagdRSTI deva vahAM kI vaMdanA karake atizaya puNya arjita karate haiN| jaina maMdiroM meM saMgIta jinAlayoM, caityAlayoM, upAsanA gRhoM meM saMgIta kA upayoga jinendra deva kI pUjana, arcana evaM stavana ke lie sadA se hotA rahA hai| bar3e-bar3e stutikAroM ne apane stavana yA stotroM meM jinadarzana ke samaya saMgIta ke prasaMgoM ko uddhRta kiyA hai| jaise dRSTaM jinendra bhavanaM sur-siddh-ykssgndhrv-kinnr-kraarpit-vennu-viinnaa| saMgIta mizrita-namaskRta-dhIra nAdai, raapuuritaambr-tloru-digntraalm|| dRSTASTaka stotr-4|| jisakA bhAvArtha hai ki maiMne (bhaktoM ne) jinendradeva ke maMdira ke darzana kiye, jahAM deva, siddha-yakSa, gandharva, kinnara apane hAthoM meM vAMsurI yA vINA Adi vAdya lie hue, madhura saMgIta ke sAtha bhagavAn ko namaskAra, unakI vandanA kara rahe the aura unakI saMgIta dhvani digdiganta meM vyApta ho rahI thii| isI stotra meM Age yaha bhI batAyA hai ki saMgIta ke sAtha bhaktinRtya kI bhI paramparA hai - dekheN| dRSTaM jinendra bhavanaM vilasIdvalola, mAlAkulAtilalitAlaka vibhrmaanm|

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anekAnta 66/1, janavarI-mArca 2013 mAdhuryavAdyalaya nRtya vilAsinInAm, lIlAcalad valaya nUpura nAda rmym|| dRssttaassttk-5|| maiMne (bhakta ne) jinendra bhagavAna kA maMdira dekhA, jahA~ manohara vAdya baja rahe haiM, aura vAdyoM kI laya para, bAloM meM mAlAyeM dhAraNa karane vAlI striyA~ bhaktipUrvaka nRtya kara rahI haiN| unake nRtya ke kAraNa, unake valaya aura nUpuroM kI madhura dhvani se jinAlaya jhaMkRta ho rahA hai| mahApurANa meM AcArya jinasenasvAmI likhate haiM - jainAlayeSu saMgIta paTahAmbhoda nissvainH| yatra nRtyantya kAle'pi zikhinaH pronmdinnnnvH| (4/77) arthAt jaina maMdira meM saMgIta ke samaya jo tabale bajate haiM, unake zabdoM ko megha kA zabda samajhakara harSonmukta hue mayUra asamaya meM hI, Rtu ke binA hI nRtya karane lagate haiN| yatsvargAvatarotsave yadabhavajjanmAbhiSekotsave, yad dIkSAgrahaNotsave, yadAkhilajJAna prkaashotsve| yannirvANagamotsave jinapateH pUjAd bhuvaM tadbhavaiH, saMgIta stuti maMgalai prasaratAM me suprbhaatotsvH|| - suprabhAta stotr|| tIrthakaroM ke svarga se avataraNa- utsava (garbhakalyANaka) ke samaya, janmAbhiSeka utsava, dIkSA grahaNa para, kevalajJAna prApti utsava meM evaM nirvANotsava meM jina saMgIta yukta stutiyoM se alaukika pUjA kI gayI thI, ve mere lie prabhAta ko utsava rUpa kreN| yadyapi jinendra prabhu vItarAgI va rAga-dveSa se para haiM, phira bhI jana gaNazuddha zuddharAga va zuddha saMgIta maya pavitra bhAvanA se gAtA hai, vaha paramparA se mokSagAmI hotA hai| dekheM-saMgItopaniSad sAroddhAra-3/2 meM - yo vItarAgasya parAtmano'pi, guNAnubaddhaM gaNarAga shuddhm| puNyaika lobhAt parayA ca bhaktyA, gAyeta saMgIta sa tu muktigaamii|| isI graMtha meM eka aura prasaMga AyA hai jisakA sAra-sArAMza isa prakAra hai| tIrthakara ke samavazaraNa sabhA meM, spardhA pUrvaka sammalita svarga kI apsarAoM ne tata, dhana, subira aura Anaddha (arthAta kramazaH vINA, kA~sya, vaMzI aura maraja) ina cAra vAdyoM ke sAtha kiye gaye natya meM upasthita jana samUha ko prasanna kiyaa| kintu isa lalita nRtya se bhI adhika sukhakara tIrthakara kI divyadhvani hai, jise sunakara sarvottama AnaMda kI prApti hotI hai| jaina saMskRti aura saMgIta jaina saMskRti aura vAGgamaya meM saMgIta kA mahattvapUrNa sthAna hai| jaina saMskRti ke mUla stambha haiM maMdira aura caitya, jo saMgIta ke mUlAdhAra haiN| stuti stotra, pUjA-arcA, pratiSThA-kalyANaka, rathotsava, dazalAkSaNI parva Adi koI bhI mahotsava ho, saMgIta kA Ayojana anivArya rUpa se hotA hai| jaina rAsa aura jaina- nRtya saMgIta ke binA calate hI na the| jaina purANa sAhitya se spaSTa hai ki tIrthakaroM ke garbha, janmotsava- indra aura deviyoM ke nRtya, vAditra aura gAyana se hI saMpanna hote the| saMgIta ke saiddhAntika pakSa para jainAcAryoM ne bahuta kucha likhA hai| bhagavajjnisenAcArya (9vIM zatI) ke

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anekAnta 66/1, janavarI-mArca 2013 67 mahApurANa aura bhUdharadAsa (17vIM zatI) ke pArzvapurANa meM saMgIta kA acchA citrAMkana hai| AcArya pArzvadeva kA 'saMgIta samayasAra' eka uccakoTi kA grantha hai| bharateza vaibhava (2/77) meM, cakravartI bharata kI rAjasabhA meM saMgIta vizAradoM dvArA jo vividha rAgoM meM gAyana prastuta kiye gaye, unakA varNana AyA hai| bhUpAlayiMda dhanvAsiyiMda srv| bhUpAli goDeyana muNde| zrI purunAtha paaddidrellr| pApalepava naiduvNte|| arthAt saMgIta vizAradoM ne bhUpAlI tathA dhanvAsI rAga meM, rAja samUha adhiyati bharata cakravartI ke sanmukha zrI vRSabhadeva tIrthakara kI stuti karate hue, isa prakAra gAyana kiyA ki jise sunakara saba zrotAoM ke pApa naSTa ho jaaeN| __ saMgItopaniSad sAroddhAra meM batalAyA hai ki tUrya vAdya aura nATaka kI utpatti, cakravartI bharata kI nau nidhiyoM meM se antima nidhi zaMkha se huI thI, aura saMgIta kI niSpatti 'hara' se huii| yahA~ 'hara' kA Azaya RSabhadeva se hai jo RSabhadeva ke nAmAntara-sahasranAma meM AyA hai| zivaH zivapadAdhyAsAt duritAri haro hrH| zaMkara kRtazaM loke zaMbhavastvaM bhvnmukhe|| shsrnaam|| AcArya jinasena svAmI ne AdipurANa meM likhA hai ki RSabhadeva ne apane putra vRSabhasaina ko gIta,vAdya tathA gAndharva vidyA kI zikSA dI,jisa zAstra ke sau adhyAya se Upara haiN| vibhurvRSabhasenAya gItavAdyArtha sNgrhm| gandharva zAstra mAcakhyau, yatrAdhyAyAH paraH shtm|| (AdipurANa - 16/120) saMgIta ke sandarbha meM yaha sUtra bar3A mahattvapUrNa hai :"zrotranetra mahotsavAya" arthAt saMgIta zrota (karNa) evaM netra (A~khoM) ke lie utsavakAraka hai| zrI vRSabhadeva purANa meM - nIlAMjanA ke nRtya kA prasaMga - kavitAbaddha kiyA hai, jo mahArAjA vRSabhadeva kI rAjasabhA meM sampanna huA thaa| paMcakalyANaka mahotsava ke antargata dIkSA divasa ke dina mahArAjA vRSabhadeva kI rAjasabhA lagatI hai aura saudharma indra kI AjJA se mahArAja vRSabhadeva ko vairAgya utpanna karavAne kA nimitta bhUta, indra, suranartakI nIlAMjanA kA manamohaka nRtya karavAte haiM- jo prANArpaNa nRtya ke nAma se jAnA jAtA hai aura jisameM nIlAMjanA nRtya karate hue Akasmika rUpa se maraNa ko prApta ho jAtI hai, jise dekhakara vRSabhadeva ko vairAgya utpanna hotA hai| isa prANArpaNa nRtya kA pada nimnAnusAra hai - nIlaMyazA nAma eka, devI maghavA pAThAya, Ayu jAkI aMtara mahUrata prmaaniye| gAvata sukaMTha gIta, nAcata saMgIta tAla, bAjata mRdaMga vIna, bAMsurI bkhaaniye| naTati naTati Ayu pUrI khira gaI deha, dekhi jinanAtha jaga nAzavAna jaaniye| rAjakAja tyAga kIje, AtmIka rasa pIje,dIje dukha lIje sukha, moha karma bhaaniye| - zrI vRssbhdevpuraann||

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anekAnta 66/1, janavarI-mArca 2013 bhAgavata purANa meM bhI eka aisA prasaMga (5/6/34) varNita hai| "iti nAnAyogacaryAcaraNo bhagavAna kaivalyapatirRSabhaH" arthAt bhagavAna vRSabhadeva ne apane putroM aura prajA ko SaTkarmoM (asi, masi, kRSi, vidyA, vANijya aura zilpa) ke alAvA causaTha vidyAoM kA upadeza diyaa| saMgIta vidyA una 64 vidyAoM meM samAhita hai| isa prakAra saMgIta - sva-para sukhadAyaka hotI hai| reDiyo thairepI kI bhAMti saMgIta kI sUkSma taraMge roga nidAna meM bhI sahAyaka banatI haiM aura marIja para sIdhA prabhAva DAlatI hai| saMgIta kI sAdhanA - AtmAbhimukha banAkara antasa ko nirmala karatI hai| yaha kevala manoraMjana kA hI sAdhana nahIM hai balki Izvara upAsanA meM isakI mahattvapUrNa bhUmikA hai| saMdarbha : 1. "sau bodhakathAeM" - prAcArya nihAlaMcada jaina, pRSTha-43 2. saMgItopaniSada- pada (4/1) 3. ahiMsA vANI - varSa 7, pRSTha-142- 1957 (prakAzana varSa) 4. saMgIta sammelana patrikA, 1969, prakAzaka-zramaNa jaina bhajana pracAraka saMgha, dehalI, saMpAdaka- DaoN. premasAgara jaina kendrIya vidyAlaya kraM.1 kalapakkama, jilA- kA~cIpurama tamilanADU- 603102 bodha kathA jIvana kA saMgIta eka saMta se kisI yuvaka ne pUchA- "jIvana meM bacAne lAyaka mahattvapUrNa vastu kyA hai? saMta kA uttara thA - "svayaM kI AtmA aura usakA saMgIta jo use bacA letA hai, vaha saba kucha bacA letA hai, aura jo use kho detA hai, vaha saba kucha kho detA hai|" eka bUr3hA saMgItakAra, nagara meM Ayojita saMgIta sabhA se vApisa lauTa rahA thaa| usakI vidAI-bahuta svarNa mudrAoM se huii| vaha alamasta saMgItajJa- rAste meM akelA baDhA jA rahA thaa| eka vana pradeza meM DAkaoM ke giroha ne use pakar3a liyA aura usakA vAyalina va svarNa mudrAe~ chIna lii| bUr3he kalAkAra ne bahuta sAdagI va zAnta bhAva se vAyalina lauTAne kI prArthanA kii| DAkU Azcarya se dekhane lage ki yaha kaisA hai jo svarNa mudrAoM kI bAta na kara apanA purAnA vAdya-yaMtra hI mAMga rahA hai| Akhira DAkuoM ne socA yaha bojha lekara bhI hama kyA kareMge use vApisa kara diyaa| saMgItakAra vAyalina pAkara AnaMda se nAca uThA aura use cUmakara vahIM baiThakara use bajAnA zurU kara diyaa| saMgIta ke svara-sammohana ne DAkuoM kI AMkheM nama kara dI aura kucha dera uparAMta DAkU bhAva vibhora hokara usake caraNoM meM jhuka gye| unhoMne kevala vRddha saMgItakAra kI svarNamudrAe~ hI vApisa nahIM kI apitu apanA bhI bahuta sA dhana bheMTakara vana se bAhara surakSita chor3a aaye| - kyA pratyeka vyakti kisI na kisI se, kahIM na kahIM, lUTA nahIM jA rahA hai? para aise kitane loga haiM jo laTI sampatti kI ciMtA na karake svayaM ke saMgIta ko bacA lete haiN| yAda rakheM - svayaM ke saMgIta se bar3I aura koI saMpatti nahIM hai| paM. nihAla caMda jaina kI- 'assI naitika kathAoM' se sAbhAra

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kalyANamandira stotra : eka anuzIlana prAcAryapaM.nihAlacaMdajaina bhakti aura jJAna- donoM kA lakSya hai- 'prasupta cetanA kA jaagrnn'| AtmA kI caitanya dhArA, sAMsArika bhaMvara meM, phaMsane se mailI banI huI hai| cetanA kI adhogati hai saMsAra kI ora abhimukhatA aura Urdhvagati hai muktisopAna kI ora bddh'naa| 'arhadbhakti', adhogati ko miTAkara AtmA kI vizuddhi ko bar3hAtI hai| stotrakAvya, arhadbhakti, ke utkRSTa namUne haiN| bhakti-paraka stotra aneka haiN| AcArya mAnataga kA bhaktAmarastotra, zrI samantabhadra svamI kA bRhatsvayambhUstotra, kumudacandrAcArya kA kalyANamandira stotra, vAdirAjasUri kA ekIbhAva stotra aura dhanaJjaya mahAkavi kA vissaaphaarstotr| ina stotroM ke sAtha koI sRjana-kathA jur3I huI hai| camatkAra yA atizaya kA ghaTita honA stotra kA naisargika prabhAva kaheM yA unameM samAhita/ gumphita mantroM kI shbd-shkti| zabda-zakti kI abhivyaMjanA se anusyUta stotra tanmayatA aura bhAva-pravaNatA ke acUka udAharaNa haiN| unakI jJeyatA meM bhI bhakti kA unmeSa aura utkarSa hai| kalyANamaMdira stotra kA racanAkAla vikrama saM.625 mAnA gayA hai| anuzruti ke AdhAra para AcArya kumudacandra para koI vipatti AI huI thii| kahA jAtA hai ki ujjayinI maM vAdavivAda meM isake prabhAva se eka anya deva kI mUrti meM zrI pArzvanAtha kI pratimA prakaTa ho gayI thii| isa stotra meM bhagavAn pArzvanAtha kI stuti kI gaI hai, astu isakA nAma 'pArzvanAtha stotra' bhI hai| isakI apUrva mahimA hai| isakA pATha yA jApa karane se samasta vighna bAdhAyeM dUra hotI haiM aura sukhazAMti prApta hotI hai| jinazAsana kA prabhAva yA camatkAra dikhAne ke lie prAyaH aise bhakti stotroM kA udgama huA hai| jaise svayambhU stotra kI racanA ke pIche jo ghaTanA jar3I hai, vaha hai ki samantabhadra svAmI ko zivapiNDI ko namaskAra karane ke lie bAdhya kiyA gayA aura vaha piNDI acAnaka phaTI aura bhagavAn candraprabhu kI pratimA anAvarita ho gyii| AcArya mAnatuMga bhaktAmara stotra ke padoM kI racanA karate hue bhakti meM DUbate gaye aura 48 tAle anAyAsa khulate gye| dhanaJjaya kavi ke viSApahAra stotra ke prabhAva se usake putra ko viSa kA parihAra huaa| isI prakAra bhagavAn pArzvanAtha, jo saMkaTaharaNadeva ke rUpa meM lokamAnasa meM pratiSThita haiM, kA stavana karane se AcArya kumudacandra kA upasarga dUra huA thaa| isa stotra kI mAnyatA digambara aura zvetAmbara donoM sampradAyoM meM bhaktAmara stotra kI bhAMti hai| jahA~ zvetAmbara ise apane guru siddhasena divAkara kI racanA mAnate haiM, vahIM digambara, stotra meM Aye- "jananayanakumudcandraprabhAsvarAH" se AcArya kumudcandra kI racanA mAnate haiN| yaha digambara AcArya praNIta racanA hai, isake do Thosa pramANa adholikhita haiM - (1) stotra ke 31 meM padya se lekara 33veM padya taka bhagavAna pArzvanAtha para daitya kamaTha dvArA kiye gaye upasargoM kA varNana hai, jo zvetAmbara paramparA ke pratikUla hai, kyoMki zvetAmbara paramparA meM bhagavAn pArzvanAtha ke sthAna para bhagavAn mahAvIra ko sopasarga mAnA hai, jabaki digambara paramparA meM bhagavAna pArzvanAtha ko sopasarga mAnA hai, bhagavAna mahAvIra ko nhiiN|

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anekAnta 66/1, janavarI-mArca 2013 (2) isI prakAra 19veM padya se lekara 26veM padya taka bhaktAmarastotra kI bhAMti ATha prAtihAryo kA varNana hai, jo kevala digambara paramparA meM hI mAnya hai| siMhAsana, bhAmaNDala, dundubhi aura chatra prAtihAyoM kA pratipAdana zvetAmbarasammata bhaktAmarastotra (kevala 44 padya) meM nahIM hai| saMkaTamocana kalyANamandira stotra bhagavAn pArzvanAtha eka saMkaTamocaka lokadevatA ke rUpa meM pratiSThita haiN| isakA kAraNa bhagavAn pArzvanAtha ke vigata dasa bhavoM kI jIvana gAthA kI vaha bhAvadazA hai, jisameM pratyeka bhava meM Aye upasarga evaM kaSToM meM unakA samatAbhAvI va kSamAzIla bane rhnaa| pratizodha kI bhAvanA bhI unake hRdaya meM nahIM aayii| bairI, kamaTha ke jIva ne, jaba vaha zambaradeva kI paryAya meM thA aura pArzvanAtha vana meM tapasyA meM lIna the, usane avadhijJAna se apane atItakAla ko yAda kiyA aura pratizodha kI agni meM jalane lgaa| phira usane sAta dina taka bhArI upasarga kiye| anta meM dharaNendra apanI devI padmAvatI ke sAtha prakaTa hue aura unhoMne bhagavAn ko apane phaNoM para uThAkara una upasargoM se rakSA kA bhAva kiyaa| astu nAyaka kI stuti mahAbhaya-nivAraka aura kaSTa nivAraka hai| udAharaNArtha padya kra.3 jalamaya nivAraka kra.4, asamayanidhana-nivAraka aura kra.11 jalAgnibhaya-nivAraka, kra.12 agnibhaya-nivAraka aura kra.16 gahanavana-parvata, bhaya, nivAraka, kra.25 asAdhyaroga zAmaka aura kraM.27 vairavirodha vinAzaka hai| pratyeka padya kA eka vizeSa mantra hai, jisakI vidhivat sAdhanA se abhISTa phala kI prApti hotI hai| udAharaNa ke lie padya kraM.4 dekheM - mohakSayAdanubhavannapi nAtha! maryo, nUnaM guNAngaNayituM, na tava kssmet| kalpAntavAntapayasaH prakaTo'pi yasmAn, mIyate kena jaladhernanu rtnraashiH||4|| ukta padya kA maMtra hai- "OM namo bhagavate U~ hrIM zrIM klIM arha namaH svaahaaH|" vidhi - 9 varSa taka, varSa ke lagAtAra 40 ravivAra ko 1000bAra maMtra japane se akAlamaraNa va mahilAoM kA garbhapAta nahIM hotA hai| stotra ke sRjana kA itihAsa AcArya kumudacandra rAjakIya kArya se cittaur3agar3ha jA rahe the| mArga meM bhagavAna pArzvanAtha jI kA eka jaina maMdira dikhAI diyA aura ve darzanArtha gye| unakI dRSTi eka stambha para par3I, jo eka ora khulatA bhI thaa| unhoMne likhita gupta saMketAnusAra kucha auSadhiyoM ke sahAre use kholA aura usameM rakhe eka alaukika grantha kA prathama pRSTha par3hane lge| jaise hI unhoMne par3hane ke lie dUsarA pRSTha kholanA cAhA, unheM AkAza vANI sunAI dI ki "ise tuma nahIM par3ha sakate ho" aura vaha stambhakapATa punaH banda ho gyaa| yahI Age calakara camatkAra siddhi meM kAraNa bnaa|

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anekAnta 66/1, janavarI-mArca 2013 ___71 AcArya kumudcandra kI Atmazakti kA prakhara teja, ujjayinI ke nareza vikramAditya ko abhibhUta kara gayA aura rAjA ne Apako rAjadarabAra ke aitihAsika navaratnoM maM 'kSapaNaka' nAmaka ujjavala ratna ke rUpa meM abhibhUSita kiyaa| eka bAra oMkArezvara ke vizAla prAMgaNa meM hajAroM kI saMkhyA meM zaiva aura zAkta baiThe hue the, jinheM apane vaidika yaugika camatkAroM para bar3A garva thaa| ve sabhI yaha dekhanA cAhate the ki isa kSapaNaka meM aisA kauna sA camatkAra hai, jisase vaha rAjadarabAra kA ratna bana baitthaa| nareza bhI parIkSA-pradhAnI thaa| rAjAjJA pAkara kumudacandra zivapiNDI ko namaskAra karane Age bddh'e| ve jyoM-jyoM bar3ha rahe the, cittaur3agar3ha kA vaha bhavya jinAlaya, bhagavAn pArzvanAtha kI saumyamUrti aura vahI stambha meM rakhA grantha dekha rahe the| kucha hI kSaNoM meM vahI stambha aura grantha kA camatkArI pRSTha usa zivamUrti ke sthAna para dikhAI dene lagA aura ekAeka unake mu~ha se bhakti ke unmeSa meM yaha zloka nikalane lagA AkarNito'pi mahito'pi nirIkSato'pi, nUnaM na cetasi mayA vidhRto'si bhktyaa| jAto'smi tena janabAndhava ! duHkhapAtraM, yasmAt kriyAH pratiphalanti na bhAvazUnyAH // 38 // isa adbhuta zloka ko sunakara janamAnasa maMtragugdha ho gyaa| samasta janamedinI usa alaukika puruSa ko nihAra rahI thI, jisake prabhAva se saMpUrNa pariveza vItarAgI adhyAtma chaTA se paripUrNa bana gayA thaa| vikramAditya sahita upasthita janatA dhanya-dhanya kahatI huI jainadharma kI anuyAyI ho gii| unhIM vikramAditya kI preraNA se kumudacandrAcArya ne bhaktirasa ke isa camatkArI stotra kI racanA kii| kavi ne bhagavAn pArzvanAtha kI bhakti meM DUbakara lokottara upamAoM aura kalpanAoM dvArA mAnavakalyANa ke lie eka aisI sIr3hI nirmita kara dI, jisa para se hamArI Atmika apUrNatA, usa anaMta sampUrNatA ko saMsparzita karane lagatI hai, jo AtmavikAsa ke lie aparihArya hai| (kathAnaka- paM. kamala kumAra/ prakAzaka mohanalAla zAstrI, jabalapura se sAbhAra uddhRt)| kalyANa mandira stotra meM bhakti tattva kA utkarSa sAmAnya jana saMsAra ke duHkhoM se paritapta hai| vaha bhagavAn pArzvaprabhu ke parama-kAruNika aura indriyavijetA hone ke kAraNa sAmarthyavAn mAnatA hai| astu ! bhaktajana apane ajJAna kA nAza karane va duHkhoM ko dUra karane ke lie prArthanA karatA hai| "bhaktyA nate mayi maheza dayAM vidhAya, dukhAMkuroddalana-tatparatAM vidhehi|" (39) vItarAga kI bhakti se AtmA pavitra banatI hai, puNya prakRtiyoM kA upArjana hotA hai aura pApa prakRtiyoM kA hAsa hotA hai| jisa prakAra candana ke vana meM mayUra ke pahu~cate hI vRkSoM se lipaTe sarpa tatkAla alaga ho jAte haiN| usI prakAra bhakta ke hRdaya meM Apake virAjamAna hote hI saMliSTa aSTa karmoM ke bandhana DhIle par3a jAte haiN|

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anekAnta 66/1, janavarI-mArca 2013 hRdvartini tvayi vibho ! zithilIbhavanti, jantoHkSaNena niviDA api karmabandhAH // 8 // bhakti se bhava-tAraNa ho jAtA hai jisa prakAra masaka ko tirena meM 'usameM' bharI vAyu kAraNa hai, vaise hI bhava samudra se bhavya janoM ko tirane meM ApakA bArambAra cintavana hI kAraNa hai, ataH Apa bhavapayodhi tAraka kahalAte haiM - janmodadhiM laghu tarantyatilAghavena, cintyo na hanta mahatAM yadi vA prbhaavH| aSTa prAtihArya varNana meM prayukta pratIka kalyANa mandira stotra ke padya naM. 19 se 26 taka ATha prAtihAryoM kA varNana hai, jinameM prayukta pratIka AtmA ke unnatazIla banAne kI bhAvAbhivyakti hai| 1. azoka vRkSa - bhagavAn ke dharmopadeza ke samaya manuSya kI to kyA, vanaspati aura vRkSa bhI zoka rahita yAni 'azoka' bana jAte haiN| 2. puSpavRSTi - devoM dvArA kI jAne vAlI puSpoM kI varSA se pAMkhurI Upara aura unake DaMThala nIce ho jAte haiM, pratIka haiM ki bhavya janoM ke karmabandhana nIce ho jAte haiN| 3. divyadhvani - sudhA samAna, jise pIkara bhavya jana ajara amara pada pA lete haiN| 4. ca~vara - durate hue ca~vara nIce se Upara ko jAte haiM, jo sUcita karate haiM jhukakara namaskAra karane vAlA caeNvara ke samAna Upara yAnI svarga/mokSa ko prApta karatA hai| 5. siMhAsana - siMhAsana para virAje pArzvaprabhu kI divyadhvani aisI lagatI hai, jaise sumeruparvata para kAle megha garjanA kara rahe hoN| 6. bhAmaNDala - kI prabhA se sacetana puruSa Apake dhyAna se rAga-lAlimA ko naSTakara vItarAgatA ko prApta ho jAtA haiN| 7. dundubhi - devoM dvArA bajAye jAne vAle nagADe va ghaNTA Adi ke svara kaha rahe haiM ki pramAda chor3a pArzva prabhu kI sevA meM udyata ho jAo aura 8. chatratraya kalyANamaMdira stotra evaM paryAvaraNa saMrakSaNa paryAvaraNa ko vijJAna jagata ke 'ikolaoNjI' viSaya ke antargata adhyayana kiyA jAtA hai, yaha grIka bhASA kA zabda hai| iko' zabda kA artha hai - 'ghara' evaM 'laoNjI' kA artha hotA hai- 'adhyayana krnaa|' arthAt jisa prakAra ghara kI paribhASA meM bhavana, usakA vAstu, usameM sthita vibhinna vastue~ tathA nivAsa karane vAle manuSya hote haiM, usI prakAra paryAvaraNa meM upasthita samasta carAcara, unakA paraspara saMbandha evaM unake prabhAva kA adhyayana kiyA jAtA hai| jahA~ kumudacandrAcArya kA kalyANamaMdira stotra, arhadbhakti kI apUrvadhArA bahAne vAlI eka stutiparaka racanA hai, vahIM yaha lokamaMgala aura mAnava kalyANa kI dizA meM abhinava racanAtmaka bhUmikA kA nirmANa kara, vaicArika-AMtarika pradUSaNa ko dUra karake bhAva aura bhAvanA ke dharAtala para prema va sauhArda ke kalapataru ugA sakatA hai| isa prakAra yaha bhakti ke sAtha sAtha paryAvaraNa kA saMdeza detA hai|

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anekAnta 66/1, janavarI-mArca 2013 'kamala' prakRti kA aisA sundara upahAra hai, jo na kevala sarovara kI zobhA bar3hAtA hai, apitu vAyu va vAtAvaraNa ko apane makaraMda dvArA saurabhamaya karatA hai| vAyu pradUSaNa ke vinAza hetu kalyANa maMdira stotra ke vibhinna kAvya chaMdoM meM (koSThaka meM kAvya saMkhyA darzAyI gayI hai) kamala (14,20,42,43) candana (8), padmasarovara (7), puSpavRSTi (20), azokavRkSa (19, 24), sumana (28), Adi kI pramukha bhUmikA rahatI hai| kAvya saMkhyA 7 dRSTavya hai, jisakA padyAnuvAda nimnAMkita hai - grISma Rtu ke tIvra tApa se, pIr3ita paMthI hue adhIra padma-sarovara dUra rahe para, toSita karatA srs-smiir||7|| arthAt grISmakAla kI pracaNDadhUpa se pathikoM ko, kamaloM se yukta sarovara hI sukhadAyaka nahIM hote, apitu una jalAzayoM kI jala-kaNa mizrita ThaNDI-2 jhAreM bhI sukhakara pratIta hotI haiN| paryAvaraNa kI dRSTi se- havA, jalAzaya, kamala jaba taka saMrakSita nahIM hoMge, taba taka zuddha paryAvaraNa nahIM mila sktaa| isI prakAra kAvya kraM. kA padyAnuvAda dekheM - candana ke viTapoM para lipaTe, hoM kAle vikarAla bhujNg| vana mayUra ke Ate hI jyoM hote unake zithilita aNg||8|| isameM malayagirI ke saghana va sugaMdhita vanoM meM lipaTe bhayaMkara sarpo kA ullekha hai| vartamAna meM candana vana- paryAvaraNa kI dRSTi se atyanta mahattvapUrNa haiN| stotra kA kAvya saMkhyA- 11 meM - vidhyApitA hutabhujaH payasAtha yen| pItaM na kiM tadapi durdhara vADavena ? // 11 // saca hai jisa jala se pala bhara meM dAvAnala ho jAtA shaant| kyA na jalA detA usa jala ko? vaDavAnala hokara ashraant| vaDavAnaka (samudra meM utpanna hone vAlI agni), jo samadra ke madhyabhAga se utpanna hokara apAra jala rAzi kA zoSaNa kara letI hai| isa prakAra yaha paryAvaraNa para viparIta prabhAva DAlatI hai, kyoMki isake utpanna hone se aneka samudrI jIva-jantu naSTa ho jAte haiN| padya kramAMka 13 meM tuSAra (varpha) ke prabhAva ko dyotita kiyA hai| ploSatyamutra yadi vA zizira'pi loke, nIladrumANi vipanAni na kiM himAnI ? ||13 / / kyA na jalA detA vana-upavana, hima sA zItala vikaTa tuSAra ? arthAt tuSAra (varpha) hare hare vRkSoM vAle vana- upavanoM ko avazya hI jalA detA hai| padya kraM. 31 se 33 taka - kamaTha ke dvArA upasarga kA varNana hai| paryAvaraNa kI dRSTi se ye kAvya-chanda atyanta mahatvapUrNa hai| vartamAna meM aise aneka kamaTha haiM jo pRthvI, jala, agni, vAyu evaM vanaspatiyoM ko naSTa va pradUSita kara rahe haiN|

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anekAnta 66/1, janavarI-mArca 2013 AcArya kumudcandra isa stotra kA upasaMhAra karate hue kahate haiM ki maiMne ise svayaM kI loka-pUjA ke lie nahIM racanA, apitu bhakti meM DUbakara racA hai, phira bhI kucha bhI bhakti nahIM kara paayii| jo kucha bhI kara pAyA hU~ usakA phala yahI cAhatA hU~ ki- "tuma hohu bhava bhava svAmi mere, maiM sadA sevaka rhuuN|" ve kahate haiM ki jaba taka mokSa prApta na ho, taba taka ApakI bhakti se vaMcita na rahU~ - bhaktyollasatpulaka pakSmaladehadezAH, pAdadvayaM tava vibho! bhuvi jnmbhaajH||34|| bhakti ke kAraNa jinake zarIra kA roma-roma ullasita va pulakita hai, ve dhanya haiN| Apake caraNakamaloM kI upAsanA karane vAlA mithyAtva-moha kA aMdhakAra vidIrNa kara svayaM Apa jaisA Aloka puruSa bana jAtA hai| nidezaka vIra sevA mandira (zodha saMsthAna) 21, dariyAgaMja, naI dillI-110002

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tattvArtha zlokavArtikAlaMkAra ke AdhAra para vratoM ke aticAroM kI samIkSA paM.AlokakumArajaina deva, guru, saMgha, AtmA Adi kI sAkSIpUrvaka jo hiMsAdi pApoM kA parityAga kiyA jAtA hai, use vrata kahate haiN| pA~coM pApoM kA yadi ekadeza, AMzika yA sthUla tyAga kiyA jAtA hai, to use aNuvrata kahate haiM aura yadi sarvadeza tyAga kiyA jAtA hai, to use mahAvrata kahate haiN| pApa pAMca hote haiM, ataH unake tyAga rUpa aNuvrata aura mahAvrata bhI pAMca-pAMca haiN| isa vyavasthA ke anusAra mahAvratoM ke dhAraka muni aura aNuvratoM ke dhAraka zrAvaka kahalAte haiN| pAMcoM aNuvrata zrAvaka ke zeSa vratoM ke aura pAMcoM mahAvrata muniyoM ke zeSa vratoM ke, mUla AdhAra haiM, ataeva unheM mUlavrata yA mUlaguNa bhI kahA jAtA hai| mUlavratoM kI rakSA ke liye jo anya vratAdi dhAraNa kiye jAte haiM, unheM uttaraguNa kahA jAtA hai| isake anusAra mUla meM zrAvaka ke pAMca mUlaguNa aura sAta uttaraguNa nirdiSTa kiye gaye haiN| kucha AcAryoM ne uttara guNoM ko 'zIlavata' kI saMjJA bhI dI hai| kAlAntara meM zrAvaka ke mUlaguNoM kI saMkhyA pAMca se baDhakara 8 ho gii| arthAt 5 aNuvratoM ke sAtha tIna makAroM (madya, mAMsa, madhu) ke sevana kA tyAga karanA aSTamUlaguNa kahalAne lge| kucha samaya uparAnta pAMca pApoM kA sthAna pAMca udumbara phaloM ne le liyA aura naye aSTamUlaguNa mAne jAne lage jo vartamAna meM bhI adhikatara mAne jAte haiN| isa prakAra pAMcoM aNuvratoM kI gaNanA uttaraguNoM meM hone lagI aura sAta ke sthAna para bAraha uttara guNa athavA bAraha vrata zrAvaka ke ho gye| kintu yaha parivartana zvetAmbara paramparA meM dRSTigocara nahIM hotA hai| sAdhuoM ke pA~coM pApoM kA sarvathA tyAga navakoTi arthAt mana, vacana, kAya aura kRtakArita anumodanA se hotA hai| ataeva unake vratoM meM kisI bhI prakAra doSa lagane kA avasara/sthAna nahIM hotA hai| parantu zrAvakoM ke prathama to sabhI pApoM kA sarvathA tyAga saMbhava nahIM hai, dUsare pratyeka vyakti navakoTi se sthUla pApoM kA bhI tyAga nahIM kara sktaa| tIsare pratyeka vyakti ke Asa-pAsa kA vAtAvaraNa eka samAna nahIM rahatA hai| ina saba bAhya kAraNoM se aura pratyAkhyAnAvaraNa, saMjvalana aura nokaSAyoM ke tIvra udaya se usake vratoM meM kucha na kucha doSa lagatA rahatA hai| ataeva vrata kI bhAvanA rakhate hue bhI pramAdAdi tathA bAhya paristhiti-janita kAraNoM se gRhIta vratoM meM doSa lagane kA, vrata ke AMzika rUpa se khaNDita hone kA aura svIkRta vrata kI maryAdA ke ullaMghana kA nAma hI zAstrakAroM ne "aticAra" rakhA hai| jaisAki paM. AzAdhara jI likhate haiM- "sApekSasya vrate hi syAdaticArouMza bhNjnm"| jaba apratyAkhyAnAvaraNa kaSAya kA tIvra udaya hotA hai, to vrata jar3a se khaNDita ho jAtA hai. usake liye AcAryoM ne 'anAcAra' kahA hai| kalpanA kareM ki kisI vrata ke liye 100 aMka

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anekAnta 66/1 janavarI-mArca 2013 nirdhArita kara diye jAyeM to 1 se lekara 99 taka kA vrata khaNDana aticAra kI sImA meM AtA hai, kyoMki AcAryoM kA mata hai ki vratI ke eka pratizata kI apekSA bhAvanA vratadhAraNa kI banI huI hai| yadi vaha eka pratizata kI bhAvanA bhI na rahe to vaha vrata khaNDita ho jAne se anAcAra kahA gayA hai| isa sambandha meM AcArya amitagati likhate haiM ki 76 kSatiM manaH zuddhividheratikramaM vyatikramaM zIlavratervilaMghanam / prabho'ticAraM viSayeSu vartana vadantyanAcAramihAtisaktatAm // arthAt mana ke bhItara vrata sambandhI zuddhirUpI bAr3a ke ullaMghana ko vyatikrama, viSayoM meM pravRtti karane se aticAra aura viSaya sevana meM ati Asakti ko anAcAra kahA gayA hai| isake anusAra 1 se 33 taka ke vrata bhaMga ko atikrama, 34 se 66 taka ke vrata bhaMga ko vyatikrama, 67 se 99 taka ke vrata bhaMga ko aticAra aura zata-pratizata vrata bhaMga ko anAcAra jAnanA caahiye| parantu prAyazcita - zAstroM ke praNetAoM ne ukta cAra ke sAtha 'Abhoga' ko bar3hA karake vrata bhaMga ke pAMca vibhAga kiye haiN| unake mata se eka bAra vrata khaNDita karane kA nAma anAcAra aura vrata khaNDita hone ke bAda zaMkA rahita hokara utkaTa abhilASA ke sAtha viSaya-sevana kA nAma Abhoga hai| inake anusAra 1 se 25 taka ke vrata bhaMga ko atikrama, 26 se 50 taka ke vrata bhaMga ko vyatikrama, 51 se 75 aMza taka ke vrata bhaMga ko aticAra, 76 se 99 taka vratabhaMga ko anAcAra aura zata-pratizata vrata bhaMga ko Abhoga samajhanA caahiye| isI viSaya ko AcArya eka dRSTAnta ke dvArA spaSTa karate hue kahate haiM. koI bUr3hA baila dhAnya ke hare-bhare kisI kheta ko dekhakara usakI bAr3a ke samIpa baiThA huA use khAne kI mana meM icchA karatA hai, yaha atikrama hai| punaH vaha baiThA-baiThA hI bAr3a ke kisI chidra se bhItara mukha DAlakara eka grAsa dhAnya khAne kI abhilASA kare to yaha vyatikrama hai| apane sthAna se uThakara aura kheta kI bAr3a tor3akara bhItara ghusane kA prayatna karatA hai, vaha aticAra hai / punaH kheta meM ghusakara eka grAsa dhAnya ko khAkara vApisa lauTa Ave, to yaha anAcAra nAmaka doSa hai| kintu jaba vaha niHzaMka hokara kheta ke bhItara ghusakara yatheccha ghAsa khAtA hai aura kheta ke svAmI dvArA DaNDoM se pITe jAne para bhI dhAnya khAnA nahIM chor3atA hai to Abhoga nAmaka doSa hai / 3 zrAvaka ke jo 12 vrata batalAye gaye haiM, unameM se pratyeka vrata ke pAMca-pAMca aticAra batalAye haiM, jaisA ki pUjya AcArya umAsvAmI tattvArthasUtra meM likhate haiM "vratazIleSu paMca paMca yathAkramam // 7/24 // aisI sthiti meM svabhAvataH eka prazna uThatA hai ki pratyeka vrata ke pAMca-pAMca hI aticAra kyoM batalAye gaye haiM? tattvArthasUtra kI upalabdha samasta digambara aura zvetAmbara TIkAoM meM isa prazna kA koI uttara dRSTigocara nahIM hotA hai| jina-jina zrAvakAcAroM meM aticAroM kA nirUpaNa kiyA gayA hai unameM aura unakI TIkAoM meM bhI isa prazna kA koI bhI samAdhAna nahIM milatA hai| isa sambandha meM DaoN. hIrAlAla jaina likhate haiM- "jItasArasamuccaya" nAmaka graMtha ke anta meM 'hemanAbhA nAmakA eka prakaraNa hai jisameM bharata cakravartI ke praznoM kA uttara bhagavAn RSabhadeva ke dvArA dilAyA gayA hai| bharata ke prazna kA uttara dete hue bhagavAn kahate haiM ki- vratoM meM mAnava zuddhi kI hAnirUpa atikrama se jo aticAra lagate haiM, ve apanI nindA karane se dUra ho jAte haiN| vratoM ke sva-pratipakSa rUpa viSayoM kI abhilASA se jo vyatikrama janita aticAra lagate haiM, ve mana ke nigraha karane se zuddha ho jAte haiN| vratoM ke AcAraNa rUpa kriyA meM Alasya karane se aticAra lagate haiM, unake tyAga karane se gRhastha nirmala athavA zuddha ho jAtA hai| vratoM ke anAcAra rUpa channa bhaMga ko karane se aticAra lagate haiM, ve tInoM yogoM ke nigraha se zuddha ho jAte haiN| vratoM ke Abhoga janita vrata-bhaMga

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anekAnta 66/1, janavarI-mArca 2013 se jo aticAra utpanna hote haiM, ve prAyazcita-varNita nayamArga se zuddha ho jAte haiN| isa vivecana se yaha ekadama spaSTa ho jAtA hai ki vratabhaMga ke pAMca prakAra haiM, inhIM doSoM ko dhyAna meM rakhakara hI yaha saMbhava ho sakatA hai ki tajjanita doSa athavA aticAra bhI pAMca hI ho sakate haiN| anya granthoM meM aticAra zrAvaka dharma kA varNana karane vAle jitane grantha haiM, unameM se vratoM ke aticAroM kA varNana tattvArthasUtra aura upAsakadazAMgasUtra (zvetAmbara grantha) meM hI sarvaprathama dRSTigocara hotA hai| vahI dekhA jAya to zrAvakAcAroM meM sarvaprathama ratnakaraNDazrAvakAcAra meM aticAroM kA varNana prApta hotA hai| jaba tattvArthasUtra meM varNita aticAroM kI tulanA upAsakadazAMgasUtra meM varNita aticAroM se karate haiM to yaha kahanA ekadama ucita hogA ki- paraspara meM eka kA dUsare para prabhAva nahIM, apitu eka ne dUsare ke aticAroM kA apanI bhASA meM anuvAda bhI kiyA hai| donoM ke aticAroM meM mAtra bhogopabhoga parimANavrata ke aticAroM meM antara hai| upAsakadazAsUtra meM isa vrata ke aticAra do prakAra se batAye gaye haiM bhoga kI apekSA aticAra aura karma kI apekssaa| bhoga kI apekSA aticAra tattvArthasUtra ke samAna hI haiM, parantu karma kI apekSA upAsakadazAsUtra meM pandraha aticAra batalAye gaye haiM, joki kharakarma ke nAma se prasiddha haiM aura paM. AzAdhara jI ne sAgAra dharmAmRta meM jinakA ullekha kiyA hai| yadi yahAM koI zaMkA kare ki isI taraha AcArya umAsvAmI ne bhI kyoM nahIM batAye? to isakA samAdhAna yahI ho sakatA hai ki- pUjya AcArya umAsvAmI vratoM ke pAMca-pAMca aticAroM ko varNita karane kI pratijJA pahale hI kara cuke haiM aura upAsakadazAsUtrakAra ne aisI koI pratijJA nahIM kI hai| isI prakAra tattvArthasUtra aura ratnakaraNDazrAvakAcAra meM varNita aticAroM meM kucha parivartana dRSTigocara hotA hai| parigraha parimANa vrata aura bhogopabhoga parimANavrata meM se tattvArthasUtra meM parigraha parimANa vrata ke aticAroM meM nizcita saMkhyA kA atikramaNa hai aura bhogopabhoga parimANa vrata ke aticAra mAtra bhoga para hI ghaTita hote haiM, jabaki vrata ke nAmAnusAra aticAra bhoga aura upabhoga donoM para ghaTita honA caahie| ratnakaraNDazrAvakAcAra ke kartA pUjya AcArya samantabhadra svAmI jaise tArkika AcArya ke hadaya meM yaha bAta khaTakI, isaliye unhoMne ukta donoM vratoM ke naye hI prakAra se pAMca-pAMca aticAroM kA nirUpaNa kiyA jo ki uparyukta donoM ApattiyoM se rahita haiN| aba AcArya umAsvAmI dvArA varNita aura AcArya vidyAnandi svAmI dvArA vivecita aticAroM para prakAza DAlate haiM, jisase pratyeka zrAvaka inako dara karake niraticAra vratoM kA pAlana kara ske| 1. ahiMsANuvrata ke aticAra isa vrata ke pAMca aticAra isa prakAra haiM- AvAgamana ke liye abhISTa deza meM jIva ko pratibandhita karanA bandha hai| jaise- hathakar3I, leja, rassI, sAMkala Adi bAMdhanA bandha hai| DaNDA, cAbuka, char3I Adi ke dvArA prANiyoM ko tAr3anA vadha hai| jaise- kisI jAnavara ko DaMDA, cAbuka, laudarI, baila Adi se taadd'naa| kAna, nAka, aNDakoSa Adi avayavoM ko chedanA cheda hai| nyAyocita bhAra se adhika bojha lAdanA atibhArAropaNa hai| ucita samaya para athavA bhUkha-pyAsa lagane para khAdya-peya padArthoM kA nirodha kara denA, annapAna nirodha hai|6

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anekAnta 66/1 janavarI-mArca 2013 yahA~ AcAryavara vidyAnandi svAmI kA Azaya yaha hai ki ahiMsAvrata ke pramAdayoga se kiye gaye bandha Adi haiM ve hI aticAra haiN| yadi inameM pramAdayoga nahIM hai aura jIvoM kA hitakArI hai to ve aticAra kI koTi meM nahIM Ate haiN| jaise- kuA, gaDDhA Adi meM girane se rokane ke liye pazu ko rassI Adi se bAMdhanA, pAgala strI-puruSa ko sva-para ghAta ko rokane ke liye sAMkala Adi se bAMdhanA, pAgala athavA bhUtAveza kI cikitsA ke beMta yA thappar3a Adi se tAr3anA, nAka-kAna Adi ko dabAnA upadravI chAtra kA guru aura mAtA-pitA Adi ke dvArA pITA jAnA, zalya cikitsaka dvArA phor3A Adi ko cIranA Adi, AvazyakatAnusAra uMgalI, TAMga Adi upAMgoM kA bhI cheda karanA, hitecchu vaidya dvArA anna-pAna roka denA, gurujI athavA paMDitajI ke dvArA upavAsa Adi upadeza denA, ye saba aticAra kI saMjJA ko prApta nahIM hote haiN| inameM vizeSa bAta yaha hai ki vizuddhi ke kAraNa hone vAle bandha Adi mala nahIM hai aura saMkleza ke kAraNa hote haiM to ahiMsA vrata ke aticAra haiN| yahAM jIva ke saMpUrNa prANoM kA viyoga karanA vadha se tAtparya nahIM hai| yadi aisA (hatyA) karatA hai to usase ahiMsAvrata kA hI nAza ho jAtA hai| yahAM yaha vizeSa jAnanA cAhiye ki ina aticAroM ko kadAcit jAnavaroM para ghaTAyA gayA hai, parantu yahAM anya bhI apane viveka se yojita karanA cAhiye / jaise- apane sevaka arthAt naukara ko pUre samaya apane kAma meM bAMdhe rakhanA, kAma sahI nahIM karane para mAranA pITanA, usake aMgoM ko chedana karanA, kSamatA se adhika kAma karavAnA, bhojana ke samaya atirikta kAma karavAnA Adi ye bhI aticAroM meM jor3A jAnA caahiye| apane svajanoM ke prati bhI yadi aisA hI vyavahAra karatA hai to vaha bhI ahiMsAvrata ke aticAroM meM zAmila hogaa| 78 yadi koI zaMkA karatA hai ki ye aticAra kisa kAraNa se hote haiM ? to usakA samAdhAna dete hue AcArya likhate haiM ki saMkleza pariNAma ke vaza se ye aticAra utpanna hote haiN| eka deza bhaMga aura ekadeza kSaraNa ho jAne se ukta aticAra hote haiN| isI prakAra sabhI vratoM ke aticAroM meM jor3a lenA caahiye| 2. satyANuvrata ke aticAra satyANuvrata ke pAMca aticAra isa prakAra haiM mithyApravartana, anyathApravartana karAne vAle upadeza denA mithyopadeza hai| jaise- bauddha dharma kA pakSa lekara sarvathA kSaNika ekAnta meM pravRtti karA denA, sarvathA nitya ekAnta meM pravRtti karA denA athavA samIcIna zAstroM kA anya prakAra se nirUpaNa kara denA aadi| saMvRta arthAt Dhake hue athavA gupta kriyA vizeSa kA jo dUsaroM kI hAni karane ke liye prakAzita kara denA rahobhyAkhyAna hai| jaise strI-puruSoM dvArA ekAnta meM kI gayI athavA kahI gaI kriyAvizeSa ko guptarIti se jAnakara anya logoM ke samakSa prakaTa kara denA / anya ke dvArA nahIM kahe gaye viSaya ko usane isa prakAra kahA thA athavA kiyA thA aise Thagane ke liye jo dveSavaza likha diyA jAtA hai, vaha kUTalekhakriyA hai| jaise- usa manuSya ne marate samaya yoM amuka ko itanA bhAga dene ke liye kahA thA athavA isa prakAra aMgaceSTA kI thii| apane abhiprAya ke anusAra kucha bhI manacAhA likha diyA jAtA hai| sonA-cAMdI Adi kI dharohara kisI mahAjana ke pAsa rakha dene para punaH saMkhyA athavA parimANa bhUla gaye svAmI kA alpasaMkhyaka dravya mAMgane para hIna dravya ke dharohara kI svIkRti ko nyAsApahAra kahA hai| jaise ki kisI mahAjana ke pAsa sau moharoM kI dharohara jamA karane vAle bhole vyakti dvArA bhUla jAne se 90 mohareM mAMgane para jAnate hue bhI use 90 hI mohareM dene ko taiyAra ho jAtA hai| artha, prakaraNa, aMgavikAra, bhrUvikSepa Adi se dUsaroM kI

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anekAnta 66/1 janavarI-mArca 2013 gupta ceSTA ko dekhakara IrSyA, lobha Adi ke vaza hokara jo anya logoM ke samakSa prakaTa kara denA hai vaha sAkAramaMtrabheda hai| 79 yahA~ vizeSa yaha jAnanA cAhiye ki ye aticAra kaSAya kI tIvratA ke kAraNa lobha athavA IrSyA ke vaza se hI hote haiN| yadi koI vyakti ahiMsA ke sthAna para hiMsA kA upadeza detA hai to vaha yahI vicAra karatA hai ki jaise jaina paNDita jaina zAstroM kA upadeza dete haiM, vaise hI maiMne bhI vedoM ke anusAra hiMsA kA upedaza diyA hai, DAkuoM ke anusAra dhanikoM ko lUTane kA upadeza diyA hai, koI manamAnI bAta nahIM kI hai| isI prakAra pati-patni ke rahasya kI bAteM jo kahI haiM ve saba pUrNarUpeNa satya haiM, koI jhUTha thor3e hI hai, jaisA jAnA athavA samajhA vaisA hI to batAyA hai| 2. acauryAvrata ke aticAra isake aticAra nimna haiM- corI karane vAle vyakti ko mana, vacana aura kAya se anya puruSa se karavAtA hai, evaM anya puruSa se kRta, kArita aura anumodanA ke anusAra preraNA karatA hai, vaha stenaprayoga hai| cora dvArA lAye gaye corI ke sAmAna kama mUlya meM grahaNa kara lenA tadAhRtAdAna hai| jaise- kisI cora ne kImatI hAra curAyA usase atyanta alpadAma meM kharIda lenaa| rAjya ke viruddha hote hue bhI atikrama karanA, viruddharAjyAtikrama hai| atikrama arthAt ucita rIti se anya prakAra anyAya se denA athavA lenA hai| jaise- Taiksa bacAnA, Trena kA TikaTa nahIM lenA, AdhA TikaTa lenA aadi| jhUThe nApa-taula Adi se kraya-vikraya kA prayoga karanA hInAdhikamAnonmAna hai| jaisenApane taulane ke liye kASTha-dhAtu Adi ke nirmita sera, DhaiyA, paMserI Adi athavA tarAjU ke pAva, kilo Adi evaM gaja, phuTa Adi ko kama athavA jyAdA apane abhiprAya se rakhatA hai| grahaNa karate samaya adhika vajana rakhatA hai aura dete samaya kama vajana rakhatA hai| yahAM bhinna-bhinna prakAroM se hone vAlI nApa-tauloM kA grahaNa kiyA jAnA caahiye| dUsaroM ko Thagane ke liye kRtrima vastuoM ko vAstavika vastuoM meM milAkara vyApAra karanA, pratirUpaka vyavahAra hai| jaise sone meM pItala, dUdha meM cUnA, kAlI mirca meM papItA ke bIja Adi milAkara becanA / yahA~ vizeSa yaha jAnanA cAhiye ki sarakAra kI galata nItiyoM kA virodha karanA viruddha rAjyAtikrama nahIM hai| jaise- bUcar3akhAne, galata kara nirdhAraNa nIti, anucita maMhagAI aura tAnAzAhI Adi kA virodha karanA / 4. brahmacaryANuvrata ke aticAra isake aticAra nimna haiM- anya kisI kA athavA usake lar3ake-lar3akiyoM kA vivAha karAnA paravivAhakaraNa hai| sAtAvedanIya karma aura cAritra mohanIya karma kA udaya ho jAne se vivAha kriyA dvArA baMdha jAnA vivAha hai, anya kisI kA vivAha paravivAha hai| itvarikA parigRhItA gamana, itvarikA aparigRhItA gamana / parapuruSa ke samIpa gamana karane kI Adata ko dhAraNa karane vAlI strI itvarI kahI gaI hai| ka pratyaya se khoTe bhAvoM ko rakhane vAlI kutsitA hai| kisI niyata svAmI ke dvArA gRhIta hai vaha parigRhItA hai aura niyata svAmI ke dvArA gRhIta nahIM kI gaI hai vaha aparigRhItA hai / isa prakAra jo itvarikA parigRhItA aura itvarikA aparigRhItA arthAt vezyA athavA puMzcalI striyoM ke manohara aMgoM kA nirIkSaNa, hAsya, sarAga bhASaNa karanA, hAtha, bhrakuTI, AMkha Adi se

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anekAnta 66/1, janavarI-mArca 2013 saMketa karanA Adi rAgavazAt aneka ramaNa kuceSTAyeM karanA dUsarA aura tIsarA aticAra hai| kAmasevana ke aMgoM ke atirikta aMgoM meM krIr3A karanA anaMgakrIr3A hai| ratikriyA meM atizaya pravRddha pariNAma honA kAmatIvrAbhiniveza hai| arthAt kAmakrIr3A meM saMtuSTa nahIM hone para anavarata pravRtti karanA aticAra hai| yahA~ koI zaMkA karatA hai ki koI dIkSita, atibAlA, tiryaJcanI, citra, aneka acetana striyA~ athavA isake viparIta puruSoM meM bhI aisA hI jAnanA Adi ke sAtha ratikriyA ke bhAva rakhatA hai to ise kauna se aticAra meM rakhA jAya to isakA samAdhAna karate hue AcArya vidyAnandi svAmI kahate haiM ki- uparyakta strI athavA puruSoM meM kAmabhAva ko kAmatIvrAbhiniveza meM mAnA jAyegA, kyoMki kAmabhAva ke atireka meM hI aise pariNAma hote haiN| 5. parigraha parimANavrata ke aticAra kSetra-vAstu ke parimANa kA atikrama arthAt ullaMghana karanA prathama aticAra hai| dhAnya utpatti ke sthAna ko kSetra aura nivAsa sthAna ko vAstu kahate haiN| hiraNya aura suvarNa ke parimANa kA atikramaNa karanA dvitIya aticAra hai| vyavahAra meM kraya-vikraya ke upayogI vastu kA viniyama karane vAle padArtha hiraNya kahalAte haiN| jaise- cAMdI, mohara, ginnI, sikkA aadi| dhana-dhAnya ke parimANa kA atikrama karanA tRtIya aticAra hai| gehU~, cAvala Adi dhAnya haiN| gAya, bhaiMsa, hAthI, ghor3A Adi dhana haiN| saMkhyA nizcita kiye gaye dAsI-dAsoM kA atikrama karanA caturtha aticAra hai| vastra, bartana, gAr3I, palaMga Adi vastueM kupya meM garbhita ho jAte haiN| inakA atikrama karanA paMcama aticAra hai| yahA~ vizeSa yaha jAnanA cAhiye ki sImA karane vAlI dIvAra athavA bAr3a Adi haTAkara dUsare ghara athavA kheta ko milA lene se, lobha ke vaza se sImA se adhika sonA-cAMdI Adi hone riztedAroM athavA paricitoM ko yaha kahakara denA ki jaba jarUrata hogI taba vApasa le lUMgA, anya kisI ko dhana-dhAnya isaliye de detA hai ki apane pAsa rakhe dhAnyAdi ko beca dUMgA athavA bhoga kara lUMgA taba vApasa le lUMgA, gAya, ghor3I, dAsiyAM, cAkara Adi meM garbhavAlI kI apekSA athavA kucha samaya pazcAt apane vrata ko yathAvasthita kara lUMgA, aisA vicAra kara nizcita kI gaI saMkhyA kA atikrama arthAt ullaMghana kara detA hai| ataH aticAra ho jAte haiM kyoMki tIvralobha kA cAroM ora se Aveza hone se pratijJAta pramANoM kA bhUla jAnA saMbhava ho jAtA hai| AcArya samantabhadra svAmI ne isake pAMcoM aticAra bhinna prakAra se nirUpita kiye haiM jo isa prakAra haiM- ativAhana, atisaMgraha, vismaya, atilobha aura atibhaarvhn| ye pAMcoM aticAra saMtoSa ko ghAtane meM ekadeza rUpa se anukUla hote haiM, isaliye aticAra mAne gaye haiN| isa prakAra ye pAMcoM aNuvratoM ke aticAra haiN| aba tIna guNavratoM ke aticAroM ko kahate haiM - 6. digvrata ke aticAra Urdhvavyatikrama, adhovyatikrama, tiryagvyatikrama, kSetravRddhi aura smRtyantarAdhAna ye pAMca aticAra digviramaNavrata ke haiN| sImita kI jA cukI dizA kI avadhi kA ullaMghana kara denA atikrama kahA jAtA hai| vizeSa rUpa se atikrama karanA vyatikrama hai| parvata, vRkSa, mInAra Adi para Upara car3ha jAnA, nIce kuAM, bAvar3I Adi meM utaranA aura tiryak meM bila, guphA, suraMga Adi meM praveza

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anekAnta 66/1 janavarI-mArca 2013 81 karanA Adi ke niyata sImA se bAhara cale jAnA aticAra hai| pUrva meM nizcita kI gaI pUrva deza kI avadhi meM se ghaTAkara usako pazcima deza kI avadhi meM lobha vazAt jor3a denA kSetravRddhi hai| grahaNa kiye gaye maryAdA kA pIche smaraNa nahIM rahanA athavA nyUna adhika rUpa smaraNAntara kara lenA smRtyantarAdhAna hai| yahA~ vizeSa yaha jAnanA cAhiye ki zrAvaka ko Urdhva dizA meM vAyuyAnAdi kI U~cAI ke anusAra aura adho dizA meM samudrAdi meM panaDubbI Adi se nIce jAne ke anusAra hI sImA kA nirdhAraNa karanA cAhiye / yadi phira inakA atikramaNa karatA hai, to aticAra hai| koI yaha zaMkA kara sakatA hai ki kSetravRddhi kA antarbhAva to parigraha parimANa vrata ke aticAroM meM ho jAtA hai, to yahAM kahanA punarukta doSa hai| samAdhAna karate hue AcArya vidyAnandi svAmI kahate haiM ki vahAM parigrahavRddhi se kSetra ke parimANa kA atikrama kara diyA jAtA hai kintu yahAM kSetra ko bar3hAkara atikrama rUpa se gamana kara liyA gayA hai, kyoMki yahAM dizA ke parimANa kA lakSya hai| ajJAna, acAturya, sandeha, ativyAkulatA, anyamanaskatA, atilobha Adi ke kAraNa smRti vibhrama ho jAtA hai| ye aticAra mukhya rUpa se pramAda, moha aura udbhrAnti Adi se ho jAte haiN| kisI ke 100 yojana kA parimANa thA, vaha bhUla jAtA hai ki maiMne kitanA parimANa kiyA thA aura vaha Age jAkara punaH vApasa A jAtA hai taba taka to aticAra hai aura yadi vaha Age jAtA hai to anAcAra ho jAtA hai| 7. dezaviratizIla ke aticAra Anayana, preSyaprayoga, zabdAnupAta, rUpAnupAta, pudgalakSepa, ye pAMca aticAra varNita kiye gaye haiN|" apane saMkalpita sthAna meM sthita vratI ke prayojanavazAt kisI padArtha ko apane maryAdA se bAhara pradeza se maMgAtA hai use Anayana doSa kahA jAtA hai| apanI sImA se bAhara kisI ko vastu lAne ko bhejatA hai to vaha preSyaprayoga aticAra hai| sImita kSetra meM baiThe hue athavA khar3e hue sImA se bAhara ke vyakti ko uddezya karake khAMsanA, tAlI bajAnA, phona Adi se saMketa karanA zabdAnupAta hai| apanA kArya zIghratA se karavAne ke liye apanA rUpa sImita kSetra se bAhara dikhAnA rUpAnupAta nAmaka aticAra hai| grahaNa kiye gaye sImita kSetra ke bAhara kArya meM saMlagna logoM ko prerita karane ke liye, patthara, miTTI Adi ko pheMkanA aura ciTThI, TelIgrAma Adi bhejanA pudgalakSepa kahalAtA hai| yahAM yaha vizeSa jAnanA cAhiye ki yaha vrata hiMsA se bacane ke liye grahaNa kiyA hai, phira anya kisI ko apane pAsa bulAne athavA bAhara kSetra meM bhejane se bhI hiMsA to hogii| apanI apekSA jyAdA hiMsA hogI, kyoMki vaha svayaM AtA athavA jAtA hai to IryA samiti kA prayoga karatA parantu jo anya vyakti hai, vaha IryApatha Adi kA dhyAna nahIM rakhatA hai| zabdAnupAtAdi meM vaha vicAra karatA hai ki amuka kArya zIghratA se ho jAyegA, aisA utAvalApana rahatA hai, jisa kAraNa se vaha doSa lagAtA hai| inameM thor3I sI hiMsA bacAne ke vicAra se adhika hiMsA kA bhAgI bana jAtA hai| anarthadaNDavirativrata ke aticAra 8. rAga ke udreka se haMsI mizrita aziSTa, azlIla vacanoM kA prayoga karanA kandarpa hai| tIvra rAga aura aziSTa vacana ke sAtha zarIra se dUSita ceSTAyeM jaise bhAMDa, vidUSaka Adi karate haiM, karanA kautkucya kahalAtA hai| jisameM dhRSTatA adhika ho aura pUrvApara sambandha binA vyartha bakavAda karanA maukharya kahA jAtA hai| binA prayojana adhika padArthoM kA nirmANa karA lenA asamIkSyAdhikaraNa aticAra

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82 anekAnta 66/1, janavarI-mArca 2013 kahalAtA hai| isake tIna bheda haiM - mithyAdRSTiyoM ke kAvya Adi kA nirarthaka ciMtana karanA manogata, binA prayojana parapIr3AkArI bakavAda karanA vAgviSaya aura binA prayojana calate, baiThate sacitta, acitta phala-phUloM ko chedanA, tor3anA, bhUmi khodanA, agni jalAnA, viSa denA Adi AraMbha kAya gocara asamIkSyAdhikaraNa haiN| jitane padArthoM se upabhoga, paribhoga kA prayojana siddha ho jAtA hai to bhI unase adhika atirikta padArthoM ko rakhanA upabhogaparibhogAnarthakya hai| yahAM vizeSa yaha jAnanA cAhiye ki- kandarpa, kautkucya, upabhogaparibhogAnarthakya, pramAdacaryA meM grahaNa ho jAte haiN| maukharya pApopadeza virati kA aticAra hai| asamIkSyAdhikaraNa duHzruti, pApopadeza, hiMsAdAna aura apadhyAna kA aticAra hai| 9. sAmAyika vrata ke aticAra yogadRSpraNidhAna, anAdara aura smRtyanupasthAna ye pAMca aticAra haiN| kAya, vacana aura mana kA avalambana lekara jo AtmapradezoM kA parispaMdana hotA hai vaha yoga hai| duSpraNidhAna zabda meM dur upasarga kA artha duSTatA athavA anya sAvadha paraNatiyoM se hai| pApa vyApAroM meM mana, vacana, kAya ko lagAnA duSpraNidhAna hai| isa prakAra mana duSpraNidhAna, vacana duSpraNidhAna aura kAya duSpraNidhAna, ye tIna aticAra ho jAte haiN| vizuddha mAnasika vicAroM ke karane meM udAsInatA dhAraNa karake krodhAdi athavA anya sAvadha kAryoM meM mana kI pravRtti karanA manoduSpraNidhAna hai| atizIghra, atibilamba, azuddha, dhRSTa, skhalita, avyakta, pIr3ita, dIna, capala, nAsikAsvaramilita Adi zabdoM kA prayoga karanA vacana duSpaNidhAna hai| zarIra ke hAtha, paira, sira ko sthira nahIM rakhanA, par3hate hue sira hilAnA, nAsAgra dRSTi sthira na rakha pAnA Adi kAyaduSpraNidhAna haiN| zubhakAryoM ke prati arthAt sAmAyika Adi meM pUrNa utsAha nahIM rahanA anAdara nAmakA aticAra hai| sAmAyika karane meM citta kI ekAgratA nahIM rakhanA smRtyanupasthAna hai| yahA~ koI prazna karatA hai ki manoduSpraNidhAna aura smRtyanupasthAna meM kyA antara hai ? to AcArya samAdhAna karate hue kahate haiM ki krodha Adi kA udreka hone se bahuta dera taka sAmAyika meM citta kI sthiratA nahIM rakhanA smRtyanupasthAna hai aura mAnasika cintAoM kA parispaMdana hone se mana kI ekAgratA nahIM kara pAnA manoduSpaNidhAna hai| yahI donoM meM antara hai| 10 proSadhopavAsa vrata ke aticAra apratyavekSitApramArjitotsarga, apratyavekSitApramArjitAdAna,apratyavekSitApramArjitasaMstaropakramaNa, anAdara aura smRtyanupasthAna ye proSadhopavAsa ke aticAra haiN| dayA pAlana ke liye bAra-bAra nirIkSaNa karanA pratyavekSaNa hai| komala upakaraNa ke dvArA pratilekhana karanA pramArjana hai| pratyavekSaNa, pramArjana ke binA pramAda pUrvaka zIghra mala-mUtra, khakAra Adi karanA pahalA aticAra hai| binA dekhe, binA zodhe sthAna se pUjAdi ke upakaraNa, pahanane, or3hane Adi ke vastra zIghratA se khIMcakara grahaNa karanA dUsarA aticAra hai| binA dekhe, binA zodhe hI dupaTTA, caTAI, bichaunA Adi kA upayoga jaldI se karanA tIsarA aticAra hai| svAdhyAya, saMyama, jinapUjA Adi Avazyaka kAryoM meM utsAha nahIM honA anAdara hai| bhUkha pyAsa se pIr3ita hone para upavAsa ke anuSThAna ko karanA bhUla jAnA smRtyanupasthAna pAMcavAM aticAra hai| yahAM vizeSa jAnanA cAhiye ki dUra kI ora dekhate rahanA athavA nikRSTa pratilekhana se mArjana karanA bhI inhIM aticAroM meM garbhita ho jAtA hai| bhUkha-pyAsa Adi se kucha AkulatA upajane

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anekAnta 66/1, janavarI-mArca 2013 83 para prathama tIna aticAra saMbhava hote haiN| isI bhUkha-pyAsa kI bAdhA ke kAraNa jinapUjA, svAdhyAya, pratikramaNa Adi Avazyaka kAryoM meM utsAha nahIM raha pAnA hI anAdara kI koTi meM AtA hai| isI kAraNa se hI ekAgratA nahIM hone se smRtyanupasthAna ho jAtA hai| ye vrata kA ekadeza vidhAta karane vAle hone se aticAra kahe jAte haiN| 11. upabhogaparibhogaparimANa vrata ke aticAra sacittAhAra, sacittasambandhAhAra, sacittasammizrAhAra, abhiSavAhAra aura duHpakvAhAra ye pAMca isa vrata ke aticAra kahe gaye haiN|10 citta arthAt jJAna, jo isase sahita vartana karatA huA jIvita padArtha hai vaha sacitta hai| aisA AhAra grahaNa kara lenA sacittAhAra hai| aise sacittaAhAra ke saMsarga mAtra ho rahe padArtha ko grahaNa karatA hai vaha sacitta sambandhAhAra kahalAtA hai| sacetana padArthoM se sammilita ho rahe padArtha ko grahaNa kara lenA sacitta sammizrAhAra hai| drava aura vRSya padArtha grahaNa karanA abhiSavAhAra hai| kucha dera taka galAkara jo zarabata Adi padArtha banA liye jAte haiM ve drava padArtha haiM aura indriyoM ke bala ko bar3hAne vAle, rasAyana, vazIkaraNa, pauSTika rasa ye sabhI vRSya padArtha (gariSTha) kahalAte haiN| AdhA pakA athavA adhika pakA padArtha kA AhAra karanA duHpakvAhAra hai| yahA~ vizeSa yaha jAnanA cAhiye ki - yadi koI sacitta AhAra kA tyAgI sacitta kA bhakSaNa kara lene para anAcAra ho jAnA cAhie tathApi AcArya kahate haiM ki ajJAna athavA citta kI ekAgratA na hone se sacitta bhakSaNa ho jAne para bhI vrata ke rakSaNa kI apekSA hai| ataH sacittAhAra ko bhI aticAra mAnA gayA hai| koI pU~chatA hai ki sacittasambandha aura sammizrAhAra meM kyA antara hai to AcArya kahate haiM ki sacitta sambandha meM acitta ke sAtha sacitta kA kevala saMsarga hotA hai aura sammizra meM acitta kA sacitta se kvacit milAna ho jAtA hai, yahI donoM meM antara hai| abhiSava aura duHpakvAhAra ko Alasya aura AtmasaMkleza kA kAraNa hone se acitta athavA zuddha hone para bhI AcArya ne vratiyoM kI indriyamadavRddhi na ho, isaliye tyAga karane kA upadeza diyA hai| isI vrata meM pAMca aticAra AcArya samantabhadrasvAmI ne bhinna rUpa se prarUpita kiye haiM, kyoMki AcArya umAsvAmI dvArA varNita aticAra mAtra bhoga padArthoM meM hI ghaTita hote haiM upabhoga padArthoM meM nhiiN| usI visaMgati ko dUra karane ke liye unhoMne ye pAMca aticAra batalAye haiM viSayaviSato'nupekSA, anusmRti, atilaulya, atitRSA aura atianubhava11 / 12. atithisaMvibhAgavata ke aticAra sacittanikSepa, sacittApidhAna, paravyapadeza, mAtsarya aura kAlAtikrama ye pAMca aticAra haiN|12 muniyoM ke dAna yogya acitta padArthoM ko sacitta padArtha para rakha denA sacitta nikSepa nAmaka aticAra hai| jaise sacitta jala se AI ho rahe bartanoM meM khAdya padArtha rakha denaa| khAdya padArtha ko sacitta padArtha se Dhaka denA sacittApidhAna kahA jAtA hai| pUrva zabda adhikaraNapane se kahA gayA aura yaha tRtIyAnta pada hai| anya dAtA hI paryApta haiM, maiM kyoM dAna dUM, athavA anya kisI ko dene yogya padArtha de denA paravyapadeza nAmakA aticAra hai| kisI bar3e samAroha meM dAna dete hue bhI antaraMga meM pAtra kA Adara nahIM karanA athavA harSa nahIM manAnA mAtsarya hai| athavA anya dAtAoM ke guNoM se IrSyA karanA, mAtsarya hai| saMyamiyoM ke ayogya kAla meM dAna kA abhiprAya rakhanA kAlAtikrama hai| yahAM vizeSa

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anekAnta 66/1, janavarI-mArca 2013 yaha jAnanA cAhiye ki tucchabuddhi puruSa yaha vicArate hue ki sacitta para rakha detA hai athavA Dhaka detA hai, jisase saMyamIjana grahaNa nahIM karate haiN| dhanalAbha athavA anya kisI prayojana kI siddhi ke liye dravyopArjana ko nahIM chor3akara dUsare ke hAtha se dAna dilavA detA hai aura svayaM samartha hote hue, kisI roga, sUtaka pAtaka Adi kA pratibandha nahIM hote hue bhI usako dUsaroM se karAnA atyanta anucita hai| isI prakAra AcArya samyagdarzana jo vratoM ke prAraMbha meM aMka kA kAma karatA hai aura sallekhanA vrata jo usa zrAvaka ke vratoM kA phala hai vaha zUnya bar3hAkara phala meM guNita vRddhi karatA hai, usake bhI aticAra nirUpita karate haiN| samyagdarzana ke aticAra - ina sabhI vratoM kA jo AdhAra svarUpa hai, usa samyagdarzana ke aticAroM kA bhI varNana AcArya vidyAnanda svAmI ne kiyA hai| ye pAMcoM aticAra tInoM samyagdarzanoM meM se sirpha kSAyopazamika samyagdRSTi ke cala, mala, agAr3ha doSoM ke kAraNa sambhava hote haiN| ve aticAra nimna haiM- zaMkA, kAMkSA, vicikitsA, anya daSTi prazaMsA aura anyadaSTi saMstava haiN| jIvAdika tattvArthoM meM, ratnatrayasvarUpa mokSamArga meM, Agama meM evaM inake praNetA sarvajJabhagavAn meM kisI bhI prakAra se saMzaya karanA zaMkA nAmaka doSa hai| samyagdarzanAdi ke prabhAva se ihaloka aura paraloka meM viSaya bhogoM kI AkAMkSA karanA kAMkSA doSa kahalAtA hai| Apta, Agama aura sAdhuoM meM jugupsA arthAt ghRNA karanA vicikitsA hai| buddha, kapila, kaNAda Adi anya matAvalambiyoM ko anya dRSTi kahA gayA hai| aise anyadRSTi puruSoM athavA darzanoM kI mana se prazaMsA karanA anyadRSTi prazaMsA hai aura unhIM kI vacanoM se stuti Adi karanA anya dRSTi saMstava kahA gayA hai| yahAM koI zaMkA karatA hai ki prazaMsA aura saMstava meM kyA sUkSma antara hai? isakA samAdhAna karate hue AcArya kahate haiM ki- "manasA mithyAdRSTijJAnAdiSu guNodbhAvanAbhiprAyaH prazaMsA, vacasA tadbhAvanaM saMstava iti|" arthAt mana se mithyAdRSTi jIvoM ke jJAna, caritra, tapa Adi meM prakRSTa guNapanA prakaTa karane kA abhiprAya to prazaMsA hai aura vacana se unake vidyamAna-avidyamAna guNoM kI bhAvanA karate hue uccAraNa karanA saMstava hai| yahAM punaH koI zaMkA karatA hai ki ye aticAra to zrAvaka ke haiM muniyoM ke nahIM ho sakate ? samAdhAna karate hue AcArya kahate haiM ki - sUtra meM samyagdRSTi pada kA grahaNa kiyA gayA hai| kSAyopazamika samyagdRSTiyoM meM donoM grahaNa ho jAte haiM, kyoMki kSAyopazamika samyagdarzana 4-7 guNasthAnoM taka hotA hai| ataH yahAM agArI aura anagArI donoM kA grahaNa ho jAtA hai| sallekhanA ke aticAra - jIvitAzaMsA, maraNAzaMsA, mitrAnurAga, sukhAnubandha aura nidAna ye pAMca aticAra haiN| AkAMkSA athavA abhilASA karanA AzaMsA hai| kSaNika svabhAvI zarIra tyAjya hai phira bhI zarIra kI sthiti meM bane rahane kI icchA karanA jIvitAzaMsA hai| rogoM ke upadrava se vyAkula hone para saMkleza ho jAne se marane ke liye mAnasika vicAra karanA maraNAzaMsA hai| pUrvAvasthA meM kiye gaye mitroM ke sAtha krIr3AyeM Adi punaH smaraNa karanA mitrAnurAga hai| pUrva meM anubhava meM Aye hue prItivizeSoM kI smRtiyoM kI nirantara abhyAvRtti karanA sukhAnubandha hai| AgAmI sukhoM kI vAMchA karanA nidAna hai| jaisevidyAdhara, cakravartI, deva, indra, ahamindra Adi ke bhogoM kI AkAMkSA krnaa| ye aticAra isaliye haiM kyoMki samAdhimaraNa ke upayogI ho rahI utkRSTa Atmavizuddhi kI kSati ke kAraNa haiN|

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anekAnta 66/1, janavarI-mArca 2013 AcArya vidyAnandi svAmI ne bhI aticAroM ke sambandha meM AcArya pUjyapAda svAmI aura akalaMka svAmI kA hI anusaraNa kiyA hai| eka vizeSa bAta yaha hai ki AcArya ne yahAM aticAroM ko pratijJA, hetu aura udAharaNa ke dvArA siddha kiyA hai| vratoM kA varNana zrAvaka ke anurUpa hone se ye samasta aticAra zrAvakoM meM hI ghaTita hote haiM, kyoMki AcArya kA yaha mantavya hai ki muni ke vratoM meM yadi doSa lagatA hai to ve anAcAra kI hI koTi meM grahaNa kiyA jaayegaa| aticAroM ke sambandha meM aura adhika dekhA jAya to paM. AzAdhara jI ne sAgAra dharmAmRta meM juA, corI, zikAra, mAMsa-bhakSaNa, madya, madhu, vezyA, parastrI sevana tyAga vrata ke bhI aticAra varNita kiye haiN| yahAM taka ki unhoMne rAtribhojana tyAga aura jalagAlana ke bhI aticAroM kA varNana kiyA hai| vratodyotana grantha bhAga-3, zloka 462-464 meM to pUjana, abhiSeka, maunavrata ke bhI aticAra varNita kiye haiN| ina sabhI AcAryoM ne aticAroM kA varNana isaliye kiyA hai ki jisase hama sabhI inakA parihAra karake nirdoSa vratoM kA pAlana karake svarga prApta kareM aura paramparA se mokSa kI prApti kara skeN| yadi hama aisA kara pAye to AcArya umAsvAmI se lekara AcArya vidyAnandi svAmI dvArA aticAroM kA varNana karanA sArthaka ho jaayegaa| niraticAra vratoM ke pAlana se munivrata pAlana kI preraNA to milatI hI hai, tIrthakara prakRti kA bhI baMdha hotA hai| hama sabhI niraticAra vrata pAlana karake tIrthakara prakRti kA baMdha kareMge, aisI bhAvanA karate haiN| saMdarbha : 1. sAgAra dharmAmRta 4/18 2. paramAtma gItikA zloka 9 3. prAyazcitta cUlikA zloka 146 TIkA 4. zrAvakAcAra saMgraha bhAga-4 prastAvanA 5. jItasArasamuccaya hemanAbha prakaraNa zloka 10-14 6. tattvArtha zlokavArtikAlaMkAra 7/25 7. tattvArtha zlokavArtikAlaMkAra 7/30 8. tattvArtha zlokavArtikAlaMkAra 7/31, ta.sUtra 7/31 9. tattvArtha zlokavArtikAlaMkAra 7/34 10. tattvArtha zlokavArtikAlaMkAra 7/35 11. ratnakaraNDazrAvakAcAra zloka 90 12. tattvArtha zlokavArtikAlaMkAra 7/36 zodha adhyetA, jaina vizvabhAratI vizvavidyAlaya, lADanUM, ji. nAgaura (rAja.)

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paM. giridhara zarmA 'navaratna' kI jaina sAhitya ko dena lalitazarmA jhAlarApATana nivAsI (vartamAna jhAlAvAr3a jilA, rAjasthAna) paM. giridhara zarmA, 'navaratna' bhAratIya hindI sAhitya meM dvivedI yuga ke eka aise svanAmadhanya vyaktitva the, jo na kevala eka rASTrIya sAhityakAra the, varan ve eka zreSTha anuvAdaka aura bahubhASA kI pAMDitya paramparA kA nirvahana karane vAle sacce rASTrabhakta the| apane jIvana kAla meM (1881 I. se 1961 I.) unhoMne lagabhaga 125 granthoM kA praNayana kiyaa| unhoMne bhArata kI aneka bhASAoM ko hindI bhASA se jor3ane meM vilakSaNa bhUmikA kA nirvahana kiyaa| AjIvana hindI ke utthAna meM samarpita rahe, paM. navaratna ne jainadharma ke aneka mUla granthoM tathA dhArmika, AdhyAtmika sAhitya ke bhI aise anuvAda kiye ki vidvAnoM ne eka rAya se unake ina kAryoM kI mukta kaMTha se prazaMsA kii| paM. navaratna dvArA anudita jaina sAhitya kI yaha nidhi barasoM se bhAratIya jaina paramparA meM alpajJAta va anupalabdha hI rhii| ataH una para koI zodha kArya bhI nahIM ho paayaa| paM. navaratna kI jaina sAhitya ko aisI adabhuta dena hai jo jaina sAhitya ke zodha saMsAra meM eka mahatvapUrNa sAmagrI sAbita ho sakatI hai jo prastuta lekha meM nibaddha kiyA gayA hai| vidvAn DaoN. narendra bhAnAvata ne paM. navaratna kI jaina racanAoM ke anudita kAryoM kI pUrva meM sundara samIkSA kii| paM. navaratna kI mUla upalabdha jaina sAhitya viSayaka anUdita sAmagrI va ukta samIkSA ko AdhAra banAkara lekhana karanA hI isa lekha kA abhISTha hai| paM. navaratna kI jaina anudita kucha mUla racanAe~ isa lekha ke lekhaka ke pAsa bhI surakSita hai jo use paM. navaratna ke prakAzana sahayoga va udyogapati parivAra seTha binodIrAma bAlacanda (binoda bhavana, jhAlarApATana) ke vartamAna nidezaka seTha surendra kumAra seThI - nikhileza seThI ke nijI prAcIna vizAla pustakAlaya se prApta huI hai| paM. navaratna kRta ina sabhI jaina racanAoM ke adhyayana va prApta jAnakArI se jJAta hotA hai ki jhAlAvAr3a rAjya ke rAjaguru paM. giridhara zarmA 'navaratna' kA gajarAta aura rAjasthAna se vizeSa sambandha rahA hai| ye pradeza jaina saMskRti aura sAhitya ke pramakha kendra hai| ina pradezoM meM jaina AcAryoM aura maniyoM kI bar3I saMkhyA rahI hai aura Aja bhI hai| ina AcAryoM, muniyoM ne vividha bhASAoM ko kAvya rUpoM meM bahuAyAmI sAhitya kI racanA kI tathA bar3e sammAna ke sAtha udAravAdI bhAvanA se bhAratIya sAhitya kI bahumUlya virAsata kA saMrakSaNa kiyaa| bhArata meM jaina dharma ke jitane hastalikhita grantha bhaNDAra rAjasthAna aura gujarAta meM haiM utane kahIM anyatra nahIM haiN| ina bhaNDAroM meM na kevala jaina sAhitya surakSita saMgrahIta hai varan jainetara sAhitya kI durlabha pratiyA~ yahA~ pUrNa sammAna sahita saMrakSita haiN| paM. navaratna ke janma sthAna jhAlarApATana meM jaina sAhitya kA vizAla bhaNDAra zrI zAMtinAtha digambara jaina mandira ke ailaka pannAlAla pustakAlaya tathA seTha binodIrAmajI kI lAyabrerI se hajAroM kI saMkhyA meM Aja bhI paThanIya hai| isakA adhyayana va svAdhyAya binoda bhavana, jhAlarApATana se anumati lekara kiyA jA sakatA hai|

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anekAnta 66/1 janavarI-mArca 2013 vizvasanIya sUtroM se jJAta hotA hai ki paM. giridhara zarmA 'navaratna' kA jaina AcAryoM, tapasvI muniyoM se pratyakSa aura pragAr3ha sambandha rahA hai tathA saMskRta, prAkRta, apabhraMza Adi bhASAoM meM sRjita jaina sAhitya kI samRddha paramparA se na kevala ve suparicita the varan isa vizAla sAhitya saMsAra kA unhoMne ciMtana, manana aura bhAvanAtmaka hRdaya se maMthana bhI kiyA thaa| sthAnakoM, maMdiroM, upAzrayoM meM hone vAle dhArmika anuSThAnoM va pUjA vidhi vidhAnoM se bhI unakA paricaya rhaa| ve jaina AcAryoM ko niyamita rUpa se svAdhyAya karate aura bhaktimagna ho 'bhaktAmara stotra' va 'kalyANa maMdira stotra' kA pATha karate dekhate sunate tathA jaina zrAvakoM ko tyAga pratyAkhyAna evaM vrata grahaNa karate dekhate the| unhoMne phira jana-jana meM jaina dharma ke sAhitya ko prasArita karane hetu isa dharma kI upAsanA, sAdhanA meM prayukta hone vAle stuti va nItikAvyoM kA sarala va subodha zailI meM hindI bhASA meM padyAnuvAda kiyA jo bhAratIyoM kA kaNThahAra banA aura Aja taka bhI banA huA hai| 87 paM. navaratna kRta jainadharma, darzana se sambaddha jo zreSTha saMskRta, prAkRta graMthAnuvAda haiM ve yadyapi sampUrNa rUpa meM hameM aneka lambe prayAsoM ke bAda bhI upalabdha nahIM ho pAye haiN| parantu pustakAlayoM se hameM jo jainagraMtha sAmagrI va unakI maulika jaina racanAe~ milI unake AdhAra para jainadharma, darzana se sambaddha paM. navaratna dvArA racI racanAoM kA vargIkaraNa isa prakAra kiyA jA sakatA hai|' (prakAzita) 1. bhaktAmara stotra (hindI padyAnuvAda) 2. kalyANa maMdira stotra (hindI padyAnuvAda) 3. ratnakaraNDa zrAvakAcAra 4. bAraha bhAvanA 5. jaina stavaratnamAlA 6. ekIbhAva 7. viSApahArahArastotra evaM 8. bhUpAla caubIsA / (aprakAzita) 1. zrI bhaktAmara samasyA pUrti (saMskRta) 2. sukti muktAvalI (hindI) kAvya) 3. zrI kalyANa maMdira (samasyA pUrti saMskRta) 4. sabhAraMjana stotra 5. sAmayika sarvatIrthaMkara stavana / paM. navaratna dvArA praNIta ukta kRtiyoM meM prathamatayA jaina bhakti paraka racanAoM meM unhoMne sAkAra upAsanA rUpa meM tIrthakaroM kI stuti kI hai| prathama tIrthakara svAmI AdinAtha yA RSabhadeva hai / 'bhaktAmara stotra' meM inhIM kI bhAvabharI stuti hai| isa kAvya meM svAmI AdinAtha ke guNa-niSpanna vyaktitva kA anUThA udAharaNa hai aura hara eka tIrthaMkara ( vItarAga deva ) para samAna rUpa se lAgU hotA hai| - mUla rUpa se isa stotra ke raciyatA jaina AcArya mAnatuMga the tathA ve vikrama kI 7vIM sadI meM the / itihAsa ke kucha vidvAna unheM 11vIM sadI kA bhI batAte haiM / isa racanA ke pIche kI eka rocaka kivadantI isa prakAra hai ki ujjaina meM rAjA bhoja ke darabAra meM mayUra bhaTTa va bANa bhaTTa nAmaka do kavi vidvAna the| isa rAjA ne rAjasabhA meM ina donoM kaviyoM kI prazaMsA karate hue yaha cunautI dI ki inake samAna koI bhI camatkArI vidvAna kavi yahA~ nahIM hai| sabhA meM baiThe eka jaina zrAvaka ne isakA prativAda karate hue spaSTa kahA ki 'rAjana' isI nagarI meM jaina AcArya mAnatuMga hai, yadi Apa unheM AmaMtraNa kareM to ve apane dharma kI prabhAvanA ke lie vizeSa camatkAra dikhA sakate haiN| rAjA ne unheM AmaMtrita kara unhIM ke Adeza para unheM eka aMdhere kamare meM banda 48 tAle jar3a diye| muni mAnatuMga ne phira apane hRdaya kamala meM svAmI AdinAtha ko sthApita kara unase apanA Atma tAdAtmya jor3A aura bhakti rasa keM DUba kara 48 zlokoM kI racanA kii| aisA kahA jAtA hai ki eka-eka zloka unake zrImukha se jaise-jaise uccArita hotA gayA vaise-vaise eka-eka tAlA TUTatA gayA isa prakAra AcArya mAnatuMga bandhana se mukta huye aura unake camatkAra se jainadharma kI vizeSa prabhAvanA huii| paM. navaratna ne isI bhaktAmara stotra ko hI isake mUla chaMda vasaMtatilakA meM apanA hindI anuvAda kiyA jo atyanta hRdayagrAhI, bodhagamya tathA mUla bhAvanA se bharA hai| prAraMbha ke do mUla chanda va unakA hindI anuvAda dekheN|'

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88 anekAnta 66/1, janavarI-mArca 2013 bhaktAmara-praNata-mauli-maNi prabhANAmudyotakaM dlit-paap-tmovitaanm| samyakpraNamya jina pAdayugaM yugAdAvAlambanaM bhava jale patatAM jnaanaam||1|| he bhakta-deva-nata-mauli-maNiprabhA ke udyotakAraka, vinAzaka pApa ke haiM, AdhAra jo bhavapayodhi par3e janoM ke, acchItarA namana kara prabhu ke padoM kii||1|| yaH saMstutaH sakala-vAGgamaya-tatvabodhAdudbhUta-buddhi-paTubhiH sur-lok-naathai| stotrairjagatriyaM-cittaharairudAreH stoSye kilAhamapi taM prathamaM jinendrm||2|| zrI AdinAthavibhu kI stuti maiM karU~gA, kI devalokapatine stuti hai jinhoM kI atyanta sundara jagattraya-cittahArI sustotra se, sakala zAstra rahasya paake||2|| 48 chandoM kA yaha stuti kAvya bhAratIya jaina dharma sAhitya ke itihAsa meM apane sAhityika saundarya ke lie anUThA mAnA jA sakatA hai| isameM vItarAga deva ke ananta saundarya evaM teja kA prabhAvI varNana hai| paM. navaratna ne isameM jagaha-jagaha para vyatireka alaMkAroM dvArA vItarAga prabhU ko candra, sUrya, samudra, kamala, parvata va dIpa Adi rUpakoM se sambaddha karate hue unake apratima vaiziSTya ko saMjoyA hai| vItarAga deva brahma, Izvara, yogIzvara va zuddha caitanyAdi hai| isI bhAva kA mUla pATha aura usakA paM. navaratna kRta anuvAda paThana yogya hai| tvAmavyayaM vibhumacintya-masaMkhyamAdyaM, brhmaann-miishvrmnntmndd.gketum| yogIzvaraM vidita-yoga-manekamekaM, jJAnasvarUpamamalaM pravadanti sntH||24|| yogIza, avyaya, aciMtya, anaGgaketu, brahmA, asaMkhya, paramezvara, eka nAnA, jJAna svarUpa, vibhu, nirmala, yogavettA, tyoM Adya, saMta tujhako kahate annt||24||

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anekAnta 66/1, janavarI-mArca 2013 vItarAga deva meM jJAnaguNa kA pUrNa rUpa hai ataH ve zAnta va zaMkara hai| ve mokSamArgIya vidhAtA brahmA va sadguNI rUpI viSNu purUSottama mAnya hai| isI Azaya bhAva kA mUla pATha va anuvAda dekheM : buddhastvameva vibudhArcita-buddhibodhAttvaM zaMkaro'si bhuvn-try-shNkrtvaat| dhAtAsi dhIra zivamArgavidhervidhAnAtvyaktaM tvameva bhagavan! purussottmo'si||25|| tU buddha hai vivudha-pUjita buddhivAlA, kalyANa kartRvara zaMkara bhI tuhI hai| tU mokSa mArga vidhi kAraka hai vidhAtA, hai vyakta nAtha, purUSottama bhI tuhI hai||25|| isa stotra meM tIrthakara deva ke jJAna, pUjA sahita atizayoM va azoka vRkSa, sphaTika siMhAsana, bhAmaNDala Adi aSTaprAtihAryoM kA varNana 28 se 36 taka ke chandoM meM bar3A prabhAvI hai| dekhiye chatratraya prAtihArya ke varNana kA mUla pATha va usakA anuvAda : chatra-trayaM tava vibhAti zazAGkakAntamuccaiH sthitaM sthgitbhaanukrprtaapm| muktA-phala-prakarajAlavivRddha-zobhaM, prakhyApayat trijgtHprmeshvrtvm||31|| motI manohara lage nabha meM suhAte, nIke hiMmAzusama, sUrajatApahArIhaiM tIna chatra zira pai atiramya tere, jo tIna lokaparamarezvaratA btaate||31|| jaina darzana meM dharma kA mUlAdhAra vinaya mAnA gayA hai| bhakti ke bhAvoM se sarAbora ho kavi phira prabhU kI mahattA ko khUba bar3hA kara varNita karatA hai| jainAcArya mAnataMga ne bhI isI Azaya se kAvyAtmaka varNana kiyA hai| ve jaba bhakti meM laya ho jAte haiM taba unakI sArarI ber3iyA~, tAle TUTate jAte haiN| paM. navaratna ne usI bhAva kA jIvanta rUpa se isa prakAra chanda meM kiyA : ApAda-kaNTha-murU zrRMkhala-veSTitAGgAH gADhaM vRhnnigdd-kotti-nighRsstt-jNghaaH| tvannAmamaMtramanizaM manujAH smarantaH, sadyaHsvayaM vigata-bandha bhayA bhvnti||46|| sArA zarIra jakar3A dRr3ha sAMkaloM se, ber3I par3e chila gaI jinakI sujAMghe, tvannAma-maMtra japate-japate unhoM ke, jaldI svayaM jhar3a par3e saba bandha bedd'ii||46

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anekAnta 66/1 janavarI-mArca 2013 samAsavyAsa paddhati se unhoMne 'kalyANa maMdira stotra' kA bhI anuvAda kiyA jisake Arambhika 2 mUla chanda va unakA kiyA gayA anuvAda bhI yahAM prastuta hai| isa mUla stotra kI racanA 5vIM sadI ke vidvAna AcArya siddhasena divAkara dvArA mAnI jAtI hai| isa stotra meM unhoMne tIrthaMkara pArzvanAtha kA guNa kIrtana 44 vasantatilakA chandoM meM kiyA tathA usameM tIrthaMkara pArzvanAtha ko bhaya vinAyaka, kalyANadhAma evaM kamaTha kA mAnamardaka btaayaa| paM. navaratna ne isI mUla bhAva ko anudita kiyA jisake 3 chanda mUla rUpa meM bhI yahAM dRSTavya haiM - kalyANa mandiramudAramavadyabhedibhItAbhayapradamaninditamAG ghripadma / saMsAra sAgara- nimajjadazeSajantupotAyamAnamabhinamya jinezvarasya // 1 // kalyANa dhAma, bhaya-nAzaka pApahArI, tyoM hai jahAja bhava sindhu par3e janoM ke| nindAvihIna ati sundara saukhyakArI, pAdAravinda prabhu ke nama ke unhIM ko // 1 // yasya svayaM suragurugarimAmburAzeHstotraM suvistRtamatirna vibhurvidhAtum / tIrthezvarasya kamaThasmayadhUmaketostasyAhameSa kila saMstavanaM kariSye // 2 // zrI pArzvanAtha vibhu kA stava maiM racU~gA, jo nAtha haiM kamaTha vighna vinAzakartA / tyoM hai azakta jinake staMba ko banAne, atyanta vRddhidhana bhI gurU bhI suroM kA // 2 // paM. navaratna ne aSTaprAtihAriyoM kA varNana 19 se 26 taka ke chandoM meM kiyaa| isameM unhoMne azoka va prabodha kA zliSTa prayoga bhI kiyaa| dekheM : 90 - dharmopadezasamaye savidhAnubhAvA dAstAM jano bhavati te tarurapyazokaH / abhyudgate dinapatI samahIruho'pi kiM vA vibodha mupayAti na jIvalokaH // 19 // dharmopadeza karatA jaba tU, janoM kI kyA bAta nAtha! banatA taru bhI azoka / hotA prakAza jaba sUraja kA nahIM kyA, pAtA prabodha tarusaMyuta jIvaloka ? // 19 //

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anekAnta 66/1, janavarI-mArca 2013 91 prastuta anuvAda meM paM. navaratna ne tIrthakara pArzvanAtha ke ananta catuSTaya ke varNana meM bhI apanA vinamra bhAva abhivyakta kiyA hai| unhoMne isameM tIrthakara ke vaiziSTaya ke kaI vyaMjaka diye| unhoMne chancha 39 kA jo sundara anuvAda kiyA vaha dekheM - tvaM nAtha ! duHkhijanavatsala ! he zaraNya ! kAruNyapuNyavasate ! vazinAM vareNya ! bhaktyA nate mayi maheza! dayAM vidhAyaduHkhAMkuroddalanatatparatAM vidhehi||39|| he dInabandhu ! karuNAkara ! he zaraNya ! svAmin ! jitendriya ! vareNya ! sapuNyadhAma ! maiM bhakti se praNata, hU~ karake dayA tU, he nAtha! nAza kara de saba duHkha mere||39|| jaina AcAryoM ne pUrvAkAla meM vividha saMjJaka nIti kAvyoM kI sundara racanAe~ kI jo dharma, pUjA, saMgha, ahiMsA, satya, dAna, tapa Adi se sambandhita tathA jIvanopayogI rhii| paM. navaratna ne aisI kaI mUla racanAoM ke anuvAda bhI kiye jo jaina sAhitya meM mIla ke patthara sAbita ho sakate the, parantu kheda hai ki ve taba se aba taka adhikAMzataH aprakAzita hI rheN| aprakAzana rUpa ke ye durlabha dastAveja hameM vinoda bhavana, jhAlarApATana ke prAcIna pustakAlaya meM nikhileza seThI ne adhyayanArtha avalokana karAye the| prArambhika chanda meM tIrthakara pArzvanAtha ke zrIcaraNoM kI bhAvabharI stati AzIrvAda prApta karane heta maMgalAcaraNa ke rUpa meM hai| dekhiye mUla chanda tathA anuvAda kA eka udAharaNa:-(zArdUlavikrIr3ita) sindUraprakarastapaH kari ziraH kroDe kapAyATavI dAvorcirnicayaH prabodhadivasaprAraMbhasUryodayaH muktistrIkucakumbhakuD.kumarasaH zreyastarA pallavaprollAsaH kramayornakhadyutibharaH pArzvaprabhauHpAtu vH||1|| zrI sindUraprakara tapasyA-kari ke sira kA dAvAnala kA nicaya kaSAyoM ke jaMgala kA zuci prabodha ke dina ke prArambha kA ravi anupama vara kumakumarasa mukti strI ke urojaghaTa kA parama manohara atizaya sundara vimala kIrtidA abhinava pallava niHzreyasamaya zuci taruvara kA pArzva prabhu kI padanakhatatikA dyutibhara giridhara rakSAkartA hoya hamArA, tribhuvana-jana kaa| paM. navaratna ne isI krama ke chanda 25, 26 meM ahiMsA mahAtmya kA sundara anuvAda karake darzAyA ki ahiMsA svarga kI nasainI hai| isa chanda ke anusAra svayaM paM. navaratna ne apane nAma 'giridhara' zabda kA prayoga kiyA hai :

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anekAnta 66/1, janavarI-mArca 2013 krIr3AbhUH sukRtasya duSkRtarajaH saMhAravAtyA bhavo danvannaurvyasanAgnimedhapaTalI saMketadUtI zriyAm niHzreNistridivaukasaH priyasakhI mukteH kugatyargalA satveSu kriyatAM kRpaiva bhavatu klezerazeSaiH praiH||25|| sukRta bihAramahI duSkRta-raja haraNa vAtyakA bhavanidhi nava vyanAgni ghaTA zrI marma dUtikA svarganisainI mukti sahacarI anupama giridhara parama dayAmaya lase ahiMsA mati prasUti kA yadi grAvA toye tarati taraNiryadhudayate, pratIcyAM saptArciryadi bhajati zaityaM kathamapi yadi kSamApIThaM syAdupari sakalasyApi jagata':, prasUte satvAnAM tadapi na vadhaH kvApi sukRtm||26|| patthara bhI tara jAya uge ravi bhI pazcima meM zItalatA chA jAya bhale hI jvalita anala meM, nabha nIce ho jAya bhUmi tyoM Upara giridhara to bhI hiMsA pariNata hogI nahIM sukRta meN||26|| jaina dharma jJAna va kriyA para samAna bala detA hai| jaina darzana meM jJAna rahita kriyA aMdhI va kriyA rahita jJAna ko laMgar3A mAnA gayA hai| jJAna va kriyA kI samyaka anupAlanA se hI mukti milatI hai| jaina AgamoM meM 'upAsaka dazAMga' sUtra zrAvaka dharma pratipAdana karane vAlA mAnA jAtA hai| 'ratnakaraNDa zrAvakAcAra' eka saMskRta jaina kAvya hai jo jainAcArya samantabhadra dvArA racita prAcIna grantha hai| jainAcArya prabhAcandra ne bhI eka saMskRta TIkA likhI thii| isake sAta paricchedoM meM jaina AcAroM ke sAtha 4 zikSAvrata va 11 pratimAoM kA varNana hai| paM. navaratna ne isa grantha kA bar3A sarala, subodha anuvAda kriyA, jisase zrAvakoM ke vrata rahasya va mUla tatva AsAnI se samajhe jA sakate haiN| isakA eka chanda sAnuvAda dekheM jisameM tapasvI kA lakSaNa nihita haiM : viSayAzAvazAtIto niraarmbho'prigrhH| jJAnadhyAnataporaktAHtapasvI sHprshsyte||1/10|| viSaya chor3akara nirArambha ho, nahIM parigraha rakkheM paas| jJAna dhyAna tapa meM rata hokara, saba prakAra kI chor3eM aas| aise jJAnadhyAnatapabhUSita, hote jo sAMce munivr| vahI suguru hai vahI suguru haiM, vahI suguru haiM ujjvltr||1/10|| samyak cAritra kA svarUpa nimnAMkita chanda meM dekhiye - mohatimirApaharaNe drshnlaabhaadvaaptsNjnyaanH| rAgadveSa nivRtyai caraNaM pratipadyate saadhuH||3/1||

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anekAnta 66/1, janavarI-mArca 2013 mohatimira ke dUra huese, samyagdarzana pAtA hai| usako pAkara sAdhu samakitI, zreSTha jJAna upajAtA hai| phira dhAraNa karatA hai zucitara, sukhakArI smykcaaritr| rahe rAga jyoM nahIM pAsa kucha, aura dveSa nasa jAve mitr|| saMlekhanA arthAt samAdhimaraNa kA svarUpa dekhiye - upasarge durbhikSe jarasi rUjAyA~ ca niHprtiikaare| dharmAya tanuvimocanAmAhuH sllekhnaamaaryaaH||6/1|| A jAve anivArya jarA, duSkAla, roga yA kaSTa mhaan| dharma hetu taba tana taja denA, sallekhanAmaraNa so jaan|| anta samaya kA sudhAra karanA, yahI tapasyA kA hai phl| ataH samAdhimaraNahita bhAI, karate raho prayatna sphl||6/1|| jaina darzana meM bhAvanA ko adhika mahatva diyA gayA hai| jaina zAstroM meM 12 bhAvanAoM kA varNana AtA hai| ye bhAvanAe~ anitya, azaraNa, saMsAra, ekatva, anyatva, azuci, Azrava, saMvara, nirjarA, loka bodhidurlabha aura dharma hai| paM. navaratna ke inhIM bhAvanAoM ko dhyAna meM rakhakara kavitta chanda meM anitya bhavanA aura antima dharma bhAvanA ke udAharaNa yahA~ duSTavya haiM - anitya bhAvanA deha geha sRjane meM lage kyA ho giridhara, deha geha jIvana anitya saba maaniye| pIpala ke pAna sama kuMjara ke kAna sama, bAdI kI chAMha sama inheM cala jaaniye| bijalI kI camaka sI pAnI ke budabuda sI, indra ke dhanuSa sI ye sampati prmaaniye| dayA dAna dharma meM lagAke ise bhalI bhAMti, dhAriye paropakAra sukha mana aaniye|| dharma bhAvanA bAharI dikhAvaToM ko rahane na detA kahIM, sAre doSa dUra kara sukha upajAtA hai| kAma krodha lobha moha rAgadveSa mAyA mithyA, tRSNA madamAna mala sabako nasAtA hai| tana,mana,vANI ko banAtA hai vizuddha aura, patita na hone detA, jJAna prakaTAtA hai| giridhara dharma prema eka satya jaga bIca, paramAtma tatva meM jo sahaja milAtA hai|

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anekAnta 66/1, janavarI-mArca 2013 phira dharma sAdhanA meM bhAvanA rUpa prArthanA ati viziSTatA liye hotI hai| prArthanApATha meM aham kA tyAga kara paramatatva ke sAtha tAdAtmya sthApita kara tadpa hone kA bhAva jAgrata hotA hai| paM. navaratna ne 'antalAlasA' nAma se bAraha chanda race jo jainadharma meM bar3e lokapriya hai| isI ke udAharaNa dekhiye : jo ati nirmala parama jyoti hai, mukti mArga kA netA hai| atula ananta zaktizAlI hai, karma mAtra kA jetA hai| jo hai vizvatatva kA jJAtA, nayavAlI jisakI vaannii| usako, usake guNa pAne ko namakara maiM johU~ paannii| sadguru hI hai mere to prabhu tIrtha-deva, Adarza sabhI unakA anugAmI hone meM, maiM rakkhU na pramAda kabhI hai ananta guNa unake unako saba prakAra ura dhArU~ maiN| eka yathArthavAditA para hI sarabasa bapanA bArU maiN|| isa prakAra uparokta vivecana se yaha spaSTa hotA hai ki mahAna rASTrIya sAhityakAra paM. giridhara zarmA 'navaratna' kA jaina dharma, darzana se bar3A gaharA sambandha thaa| yadyapi Aja paM. navaratna hamAre madhya nahIM haiM parantu unake ye anuvAda jaina dharma ke sArasvata sAhitya bhaNDAroM kI amUlya nidhi hai jinameM unakI AtmA kI anugUMja hai| saMdarbha: 1. paM. giridhara zarmA 'navaratna' kA sAhitya aura mUlyAMkara (akhila bhAratIya prabaddha paricarcA smArikA-1986 jhAlAvAr3a) saM. mathuro nandana kulazreSTha pR. 43 para DaoN. narendra bhAnAvata ke zodha patra se 2. nikhileza seThI (vaMzaja pharma seTha binodIrAma bAlacanda-binoda bhavana, jhAlarApATana) ke nijI pustakAlaya ke saujanya se| 3. zarmA lalita - 'jhAlAvAr3a itihAsa, saMskRti, paryaTana' grantha ke adhyAya 'hindI sevI nagara aura paM. navaratna' paartt|" 4. caturvedI yugala kizora - navaratna kAvya zataka, pRSTha 3 5. binoda bhavana, ke ukta pustakAlaya ke saMvat 1998 kI saamgrii| 6. jaina vIrendra kumAra, devendra kumAra - zrI sanmati kuTIra, candrAvAr3I, mumbaI kA saMgraha saMvat 2016 se 7. jaina grantha ratnAkara kAryAlaya, bambaI, saM. 1972 kA sNgrh| 8. paM. navaratna kA zeSa sAhitya lekhaka ke nijI saMgraha meM surakSita hai| jaikI sTUDiyo, 13, maMgalapurA, jhAlAvAr3a (rAjasthAna) 326001

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AcArya vIra sevA mandira meM Ayojita jugala kizora 'mukhtAra' smRti vyAkhyAnamAlA prativedana - 'vIra sevA mandira' dariyAgaMja, naI dillI, deza kI eka pramukha jaina zodha saMsthA hai, jisakI sthApanA AcArya paM. jugala kizora 'mukhtAra' ne san 1929 meM kI thii| ApakI smRti meM 23 disambara, 2012 ko eka rASTrIya vyAkhyAnamAlA viSaya "jainadharma aura vijJAna" para saMsthA ke sabhAgAra meM Ayojita kI gaI, jisameM AmaMtrita vaijJAnikoM ne eka mata se svIkAra kiyA ki jainAgamoM meM varNita vibhinna siddhAnta vartamAna meM vaijJAnikoM dvArA khoje jA rahe siddhAntoM ke samakakSa haiN| samAroha kI adhyakSatA nyAyamUrti mAnanIya abhaya gohila jI ne kii| vyAkhyAnamAlA ke prArambha meM DaoN. nIlama jaina gur3agA~va, jo abhI-abhI tIna mAha amerikA meM sampanna dhArmika samArohoM meM sahabhAgitA karake lauTI haiM, ne paM. 'mukhtAra' sAhaba ke vyaktitva evaM kRtitva para prakAza DAlate hue unheM cintana kA dhanI evaM jaina vAGgamaya para zodha kArya karane vAlA batAte huye kahA ki unakI kavitA 'merI bhAvanA' kI videzoM meM bhI gU~ja ho rahI hai| jIvAjI vizvavidyAlaya, gvAliyara meM vAnaspatika vibhAgAdhyakSa pro. DaoN. azokakumAra jaina ne "jainadharma evaM paryAvaraNa" para mArmika vyAkhyAna diyaa| unhoMne kahA ki vaikTIriyA jaise sUkSmajIva prakRti santulana meM mahattvapUrNa bhUmikA nibhAte haiN| jainAgamoM meM ina sUkSma jIvoM kI racanAoM ko bahuta pahale se hI paribhASita kiyA huA hai tathA inake saMrakSaNa hetu mAnava jIvana kI kriyAoM ko niyantrita kiyA gayA hai| unhoMne zrAvakAcAra va zramaNAcAra ke sandarbha meM vibhinna pahaluoM para jAnakArI dete hue kahA ki jainAgamoM meM nihita vibhinna prasaMga evaM mAnyatAyeM vartamAna kAlIna vijJAna kI janmadAtA ho sakatI haiN| ina para zodha kiyA jAnA caahie| isake pazcAt DI.Ara.DI. o. rakSA vibhAga se sevAnivRtta vaijJAnika DaoN. ema. bI. modI kA "vaijJAnika bhagavAna mahAvIra" para prabhAvI bhASaNa huaa| unhoMne kahA ki vizva ke nirmANa meM jIva- ajIva dravyoM kI eka prAkRtika zAzvata parantu parivartanazIla vyavasthA hai| isI kar3I meM unhoMne samayasAra, paJcAstikAya, pravacanasAra aura tattvArthasUtra meM nihita vibhanna sUtroM ke vaijJAnika dRSTikoNa ko btaayaa| yaha Izvara dvArA nirmita nahIM hai| bhagavAna mahAvIra ko vizva kA prathama vaijJAnika batAte hue kahA ki unhIM ke siddhAntoM ko AinsTIna, bohara, maiksaborna, DIbolI Adi aneka vaijJAnikoM ne vijJAna jagata meM sthApita kara 1985 ke bAda nobela puraskAra prApta kiye| isake prazcAt vIra sevA mandira se prakAzita do pustakoM samIcIna dharmazAstra jo ki AcArya samantabhadra svAmI viracita ratnakaraNDa zrAvakAcAra kI TIkA hai jise AcArya paM. jugala kizora 'mukhtAra' ne likhA hai| samAja ke svAdhyAya premiyoM kI vizeSa mAMga hone para isakA dvitIya saMskaraNa, kA evaM cnatama jevanahIje jo ki AcArya amitagati dvArA racita sAmAyika pATha aMgrejI anuvAda sahita, kA tathA tIsarI pustaka "jainadharma kA vaijJAnika cintana" (lekhakaprAcArya nihAlacaMda jaina, nidezaka vIra sevA mandira) kA vimocana nyAyamUrti mAnanIya abhaya gohila

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anekAnta 66/1, janavarI-mArca 2013 (samAroha adhyakSa) zrI subhASa jaina (adhyakSa vIra sevA mandira), zrI nirmala kizora jaina (padma kizora jaina ceriTebala TrasTa) ke dvArA kiyA gyaa| samAroha adhyakSa nyAyamUrti mAnanIya abhaya gohila jI ne apane adhyakSIya bhASaNa meM jainadharma aura vijJAna viSaya meM zodha kI apAra saMbhAvanAoM kI bAta khii| unhoMne kahA ki cintana kA viSaya jainadharma kI vaijJAnikatA ko siddha karane kA nahIM apitu hamAre AgamoM se nihita vaijJAnika dRSTikoNa ko dhyAna meM rakhate hue vibhinna viSayoM para zodha kiyA jAnA Avazyaka hai| inhIM vicAradhArAoM se jainadarzana ke anekAnta siddhAnta ne janma liyA, jisakI Aja vyApaka rUpa se svIkAritA hai| vyAkhyAnamAlA meM Aye hue vaktAoM aura zrotAgaNoM ko unhoMne isa cintana kI zuruAta ke liye badhAI dI tathA vyAkhyAnamAlA meM prastuta kiye gaye vyAkhyAnoM ke vaijJAnika dRSTikoNa ko ujAgara karane hetu AmaMtrita kiyaa| kAryakrama kA prArambha bhagavAna mahAvIra ke citra anAvaraNa, dIpa prajvalana evaM dhvajArohaNa maMcastha vibhUtiyoM aura vIra sevA mandira ke padAdhikAriyoM dvArA kiyA gyaa| jinavANI kI pUjana evaM maMgalAcaraNa paM. Aloka kumAra jaina (upanidezaka) ne kiyaa| samAroha adhyakSa evaM AmaMtrita jaina vaijJAnikoM kA svAgata vIra sevA mandira ke mahAmaMtrI evaM maMtrI ne tilaka evaM mAlyArpaNa dvArA kiyaa| zrImatI gohila evaM DaoN. nIlama jaina kA sammAna mAlyArpaNa aura tilaka lagAkara zrImatI nandinI jaina evaM zrImatI rAnU jaina ne kiyaa| saMsthA adhyakSa zrI subhASa jaina ne saMsthA kA paricaya evaM uddezya btaaye| mahAmaMtrI zrI vinoda kumAra jaina ne svAgata bhASaNa prastuta kiyaa| kAryakrama kA saMcAlana pro. DaoN. jayakumAra jaina, mujaphpharanagara, saMpAdaka 'anekAnta' ne kiyaa| maMtrI zrI yogeza jaina ne upasthita sabhI mahAnubhAvoM kA AbhAra vyakta kiyaa| zodha upasamiti ke saMyojaka mAnanIya sadasya zrI rUpacaMda kaTAriyA dvArA jinavANI stuti ke sAtha kAryakrama sampanna huaa| isa samAroha meM deza ke gaNamAnya vidvAna, vIra sevA mandira ke padAdhikArIgaNa, prabuddha samAja zreSThI padhAre jinameM pramukha-sarvazrI pro. ema. ela. jaina (saMpAdaka maNDala anekAnta), dharmabhUSaNa jaina epha.sI.e., DaoN. narendra kumAra jaina gAjiyAbAda, DaoN. rameza candra jaina bijanaura, DaoN. sureza canda jaina, pradIpa jaina, DaoN. anekAnta jaina (lA. ba. zA. rA. saM. vidyApITha), dhanapAlasiMha jaina evaM zrIkizora jaina (naitika zikSA samiti), DaoN. rajanIza zukla, DaoN. anila guptA (sevAnivRtta vaijJAnika- DI.Ara.DI. o. rakSA vibhAga), anila jaina (rAjadhAnI pepara), DaoN. mukeza jaina, paM. sonala jaina, AcArya azoka 'sahajAnaMda' Adi upasthita the| yogeza jaina vinoda kumAra jaina maMtrI mahAmaMtrI (noTa : vyAkhyAnamAlA kI citramaya jhalakiyA~ kavara pRSTha 2 evaM 3 para dekheM)

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anekAnta ANEKANT (janavidyA evaM prAkata bhASAoM kI traimAsika zodha patrikA) (AQuarterly Research Journal for Jainology & Prakrit Languages) saMsthApaka AcArya jugalakizora mukhtAra 'yugavIra' Founder Acharya Jugalkishor Mukhtar 'Yugveer' Editor Director-Vir Sewa Mandir-New Delhi (Pracharya Pt. Nihal Chand Jain- Bina) Prof. Dr. Raja Ram Jain- Noida sampAdaka maNDala nidezaka vIra sevA maMdira-naI dillI (prA. paM. nihAlacaMda jaina-bInA) pro. DaoN. rAjArAma jaina-nauyaDA pro. DaoN. vRSabhaprasAda jaina, lakhanaU prA. DaoN. zItalacanda jaina,jayapura pro. DaoN. zreyAMzakumAra jaina, bar3auta pro. ema.ela. jaina, naI dillI Prof.Dr.Vrashabh Prasad Jain,Lucknow Pracharya Shital Chand Jain, Jaipur Prof. Dr. Shreyansh Kr. Jain, Baraut Prof. M.L. Jain, New Delhi sadasyatA zulka/ Subsereription eka aMka-rupaye 20/- vArSika - ru. 80/This issue - Rs. 20/-Yearly-Rs.80/ sabhI patrAcAra patrikA evaM sampAdakIya hetu patA - vIra sevA maMdira (jaina darzana zodha saMsthAna) 21, aMsArI ror3a dariyAgaMja, naI dillI -110 002.06 All correspondance for the journal & editorial onVir Sewa Mandir (A Research Institute for Jainology) 21, Ansari Road, Daryaganj, New Delhi-110002.06 phona naM. 011-30120522, 23250522, 09311050522 e-mail-virsewa@gmail.com vidvAna lekhakoM ke vicAroM se sampAdaka maMDala kA sahamata honA Avazyaka nahIM hai| lekhoM meM diye gaye tathyoM aura sandarbho kI prAmANikatA ke saMbaMdha meM lekhaka svayaM uttaradAyI haiM sabhI prakAra ke vivAdoM kA nipaTArA dillI nyAyAlaya ke adhIna hogaa|

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4 viSaya 2. stuti evaM viSayAnukramaNikA 1. jainadharma aura Ayurveda kalyANamandira stotra evaM bhaktAmara stotra kA tulanAtmaka anuzIlana 3. svAdhyAya eka anuzIlana 4. jainadharma evaM paryAvaraNa saMrakSaNa 4 samayasAra (samayadezanA) meM bhUtArtha - abhUtArtha dRSTi 6. vaijJAnika bhagavAna mahAvIra rAtribhojana niSedha kA vaijJAnika evaM Arogya mUlaka vizleSaNa 8. AdipurANa meM jIvana mUlya 9. mahAvIra kA svAsthya darzana 20. Non-Absolutism-The viSayAnukramaNikA prakAzita grantha sUcI anekAnta 66/2, apraila-jUna 2013 lekhaka kA nAma AcArya rAjakumAra jaina DaoN. jayakumAra jaina prAcArya abhayakumAra jaina pro. azokakumAra jaina DaoN. zreyAMsakumAra jaina DaoN. ema. bI. modI Philosophical Basis of Tolerance 11. paM. bhagavatIdAsa viracita 'maiMkalehA cariu meM mUDhajaya vivecana DaoN. pulaka goyala 12. iSTopadeza meM varNita ekatvavibhakta AtmA DaoN. azokakumAra jaina 13. sAhitya samIkSA paM. Aloka jaina evaM paM. nihAlacaMda jaina vIra sevA mandira pRSTha saMkhyA prA. paM. nihAlacaMda jaina DaoN. zrImatI vibhA jaina DaoN. caMcalamala caurar3iyA Prof. Sagarmal Jain 1-4 5-13 14-27 28-40 41-44 45-50 51-53 54-60 61-67 68-71 72-75 76-86 87-92 93-95 96

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anekAnta 66/2, apraila-jUna 2013 dvArA racita siddhAnta rasAyana kalpa, puSpAyurveda Adi, pUjyapAda svAmI dvArA racita ratnAkarauSadha roga, vaidyAmRta, kalyANakAraka Adi, amRtanandinkRta akArAdi nighaNTu, maMgarAja dvArA racita 'khagendra maNidarpaNa, muni yazaH kIrtikRta jagatsudarI prayoga mAlA Adi, zrI kundakundAcArya dvArA racita 'vejjagAhA' (vaidyagAthA) ityaadi| ___vaise to Ayurveda evaM prANAvAya pUrva ke graMthoM meM lagabhaga samAna rUpa se aSTAMga Ayurveda jaise nidAna, cikitsA, svasthavRtta, agadatantra, rasAyanatantra Adi kA vivecana kiyA gayA hai, kintu prANAvAya pUrva meM Ayurveda kI apekSA kucha vizeSatA bhI hai| jaise Ayurveda meM zArIrika aura mAnasika bheda se do prakAra kA svAsthya pratipAdita kiyA gayA hai- zarIra ko dhAraNa karane vAle tIna doSa (vAta-pitta-kapha), sAta dhAtueM (rasa-rakta-mAMsa-meDha-asthi-majjA aura zukra) tathA tIna mala (sveda-mUtra-purISa) ye samasta bhAva jaba taka zarIra meM samAna rUpa se saMtulita rahate haiM taba taka zarIra meM koI vikAra yA roga utpanna nahIM hotA hai aura zarIra svastha evaM niroga banA rahatA hai, yahI manuSya kA zArIrika svAsthya hai| isI prakAra koI mAnasika doSa (raja yA tama) taba taka manuSya ke mana meM vikRti yA roga utpanna nahIM karatA taba taka vaha bhI mAnasika rUpa se svastha yA avikRta rahatA hai - yaha mAnasika svAsthya hai| uparyukta dvividha svAsthya yadyapi prANAvAya zAstra (jainAyurveda) meM bhI abhISTa hai, tathApi adhyAtma pradhAna hone se prANAvAya zAstra meM svAsthya ke do bheda bhinna prakAra se pratipAdita kie gae haiN| yathA- pAramArthika svAsthya aura vyAvahArika svaasthy| zrI ugrAdityAcArya ke anusAra prathama pAramArthika svAsthya pradhAna yA mukhya hai aura dvitIya vyavahAra svAsthya apradhAna yA gauNa hai| Upara Ayurveda ke anusAra jo zArIrika aura mAnasika bheda se do prakAra kA svAsthya batalAyA gayA hai usakA samAveza prANAvAya meM pratipAdita vyavahArika svAsthya meM kiyA gayA hai| yathA - samAgni dhAtutvamadoSa vibhramo malakriyAtmendriya suprsnntaa| manaH prasAdazca narasya sarvadA tadevamuktaM vyavahArajaM khlu|| arthAt agni (jaTharAgni), dhAtu (sAta dhAtueM) aura tInoM doSa (vAta-pitta-kapha) kA sama avasthA meM honA, mala (sveDha mUtra, purISa) kI visarjana kriyA meM vibhrama (viSamatA) nahIM honA, AtmA, indiya aura mana kI prasannatA (nirmalatA) vyavahAraja svAsthya kahalAtA hai| yaha vyAvahArika svAsthya bhautika hotA hai| isakA sambandha kevala zarIra aura mana se hotA hai| zarIra aura mana kI svasthatA evaM nirogatA isakA mukhya pratipAdya hai| yaha pAramArthika svAsthya kI prApti meM sahAyaka hotA hai| zrI ugrAdityAcArya ne pAramArthika svAsthya kA pratipAdana nimna prakAra se kiyA hai - azeSakarmakSayajaM mahAdbhutaM yedetdaatyntikmdvitiiym|| atIndriyaM prArthitamarthavedibhistadetaduktaM prmaarthnaamkm|| arthAt AtmA ke sampUrNa karmoM ke kSaya se utpanna, adbhuta, Atyantika evaM advitIya vidvajjanoM dvArA prArthita jo atIndriya sukha hai vaha paramArtha svAsthya kahalAtA hai| isa prakAra Arogya yA dvividha svAsthya kA pratipAdana mAtra Ayurveda zAstra (prANAvAya) meM kiyA gayA hai, ataH yaha AdhyAtmikatA se anuprANita hai aura isakA mukhya uddezya lokApakAra

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anekAnta 66/2, apraila-jUna 2013 yathAkAla pakanA tathA dUsarA upAya se use pkaanaa| ise udAharaNapUrvaka nimna prakAra spaSTa kiyA gayA hai - 8 upAyapAko varadhovIratapaprakAraissuvizuddhamArgeH / sadyaH phalaMyacchati kAlapAkaH kAlAntarAyaH svayameva dadyAt / / arthAt utkRSTa ghoravIra tapa Adi vizuddha upAyoM se (karma kA udayakAla nahIM hote hue bhI) karma ko udaya meM lAnA yaha upAya pAka kahalAtA hai, isase usI samaya pUrvajanmakRta karmoM kA phala mila jAtA hai| kAlAntara meM yathA samaya (apane AyuSyAvasAna meM) karma svayaM udaya meM Akara (pakakara) phala dete haiM - yaha kAla pAka hai| 'punaH kahA gayA hai - Age yathA tarUNAM phalapAkayogo matipragalbhaiH puruSairvidheyaH / tathA cikitsApravibhAgakAle doSaprapAko dvividhaH prasiddhaH / / arthAt jisa prakAra vRkSa ke phala svayaM bhI pakate haiM aura buddhimAna manuSya unheM vibhinna upAyoM ke dvArA bhI pakAte haiN| usI prakAra prakupita doSa bhI upAya (cikitsA) aura kAlakrama donoM prakAra se pakate haiN| uparyukta kathana se spaSTa hai ki jaina dharma ke anusAra manuSya ke zarIra meM rogodbhava azubha karma ke udaya se hotA hai| manuSya ke dvArA pUrva janma meM kie gaye asatkarma yA pAka karma apanA phala dene hetu jaba isa janma meM udaya meM Ate haiM taba usake pariNAma svarUpa anyAnya kaSToM - duHkhoM ke atirikta rogotpatti rUpa kaSTa bhI use hotA hai| usakA zamana yA nivAraNa ta taka sambhava nahIM hai jaba taka usa azubha karma kA paripAka hokara pUrNataH usakA kSaya yA zamana nahIM ho jaataa| zAstroM ke anusAra dharmAcaraNa ke dvArA azubha karma yA pApa kA zamana hotA hai, ataH pApakarma janita roga kA zamana dharmAcaraNa yA dharma sevana se hI saMbhava hai - yahI bhAva jaina dharma meM nimna prakAra se pratipAdita kiyA gayA hai sarvAtmanA dharmaparaH naro syAttamAzusarva samupaiti sauravyam / pApodayAtte prabhavanti rogA dharmAcca pApAH pratipakSabhAvAt // nazyanti sarve pratipakSayogAdvinAzamAyAntikimatra citrama? arthAt jo manuSya sarva prakAra se dharma parAyaNa hotA hai use zIghra hI sabhI prakAra ke sukha prApta hote haiN| pApa ke udaya se vividha roga utpanna hote haiM tathA pApa aura dharma ke paraspara virodhI bhAva hone se dharma se pApa kA nAza hotA hai pratipakSa kI prabalatA hone se yadi roga samUha vinAza ko prApta hote haiM to isameM Azcarya kI kyA bAta hai ? dharma ke prabhAva se pApa rUpa roga kA jo nAza hotA hai usameM dharma to vastutaH Abhyantara kAraNa hotA hai aura bAhyakAraNa ke rUpa meM prayukta auSadhopAcAra ko hI cikitsA kahA hai jabaki Abhyantara kAraNa ke rUpa meM sevita dharma ko dharmAcaraNa hI mAnA jAtA hai, kintu cikitsA ke antargata dharma kA bhI ullekha hone se use sAtvika cikitsA ke rUpa meM svIkAra kiyA gayA hai| rogopazamanArtha bAhya aura Abhyantara cikitsA ke rUpa meM dharma Adi kI kAraNatA nimna prakAra se batalAI gaI hai -

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anekAnta 66/2, apraila-jUna 2013 isalie vaidya ke lie ucita hai ki use kAma aura moha ke vazIbhUta hokara artha (dhana) ke lobha se, mitra ke prati anurAga bhAva se, zatru ke prati zeSa bhAva se, baMdhu buddhi se tathA isI prakAra se anya manovikAra bhAva se prerita hokara athavA apane satkAra ke nimitta yA apane yaza arjana ke lie cikitsA nahIM karanA caahiye| vidvAn vaidya kArUNya buddhi (rogiyoM ke prati karUNA evaM dayA bhAva) se paraloka sAdhana ke lie tathA apane pUrvopArjita karmoM kA kSaya karane ke lie cikitsA kArya kreN| __ bhagavAna jinendra deva ke zAsana meM aisI kriyA vidhi bhI upAdeya mAnI gaI hai jo karma kSaya karane meM sAdhanabhUta ho| yadyapi anya zubha karma bhI AcaraNIya batalAe gae haiM, kintu unase mAtra zubha karma kA bandha hokara puNya kA saMcaya hotA hai aura usase paraloka meM sukha kI prApti hotI hai kintu usase pUrva saMcita karmoM kA kSaya nahIM hone se karmoM ke bandhana se mukti yA mokSa rUpa Atma kalyANa nahIM hotA hai| cikitsA kArya meM yadi kAruNya bhAva nihita ho to usase karmakSaya hotA hai - aisA vidvAnoM kA abhimata hai, jaisA ki uparyukta vacana se suspaSTa hai| __ koI bhI vaidya apane uccAdarza cikitsAkArya meM naipuNya, zAstrIya jJAna kI gaMbhIratA, mAnavIya guNoM kI saMpannatA, niHsvArtha sevA bhAva Adi viziSTa guNoM ke kAraNa hI samAja meM viziSTa evaM mahatvapUrNa sthAna prApta karatA hai| yahI usakI svayaM kI pratiSThA, usake vyavasAya kI pratiSThA aura samaSTi rUpeNa deza kI pratiSThA ke lie Avazyaka hai, vaidyatva kI sArthakatA bhI vastutaH isI meM nihita hai| jisa kA vaidyatva vyavasAya paropakAra kI pavitra bhAvanA se prerita na ho usakA vaidya honA hI nirarthaka hai, kyoMki vaidya kA uccAdarza rogI ko bhISaNa vyAdhi se mukta karAkara use Arogya lAbha pradAna karanA hai| maharSi agniveza ne bhI agniveza tantra (caraka saMhitA) meM isI tathya kA pratipAdana nimnavat kiyA hai - dArUNaiH kRSyamANAnAM gdairvaisvtkssm| chitvA vaivasvatAn pAzAn jIvitaM yaH prycchti|| dharmArthadAtAsadRzastasya nehoplbhyte| na hi jIvitadAnAddhi daanmnydvishissyte||13 arthAt bhayaMkara rogoM ke dvArA yamapurI kI ora balAt le jAte hue prANiyoM ke prANa ko jo vaidya yamarAja ke pAzoM ko kATakara bacA letA hai usake samAna dharma aura artha ko dene vAlA isa jagat meM koI dUsarA nahIM pAyA jAtA hai, kyoMki jIvana dAna se bar3hakara koI dUsarA viziSTa dAna nahIM hai arthAt sabhI prakAra ke dAnoM meM jIvanadAna hI sarvazreSTha aura sabase bar3A dAna mAnA gayA hai| jaina dharma meM prANadAna ko abhayadAna kI saMjJA dI gaI hai| vaidya ke dvArA cUMki rogI ko prANa dAna yA jIvana dAna prApta hotA hai, ataH saMsAra meM dharma aura artha ko dene vAlA sabase bar3A vaidya hI hai| jIvana dAna meM jahAM parahita kA bhAva nihita hai vahAM vaidya kA uccatama Adarza bhI pratibimbita hotA hai| dUsaroM ke prANoM kI rakSA karanA jaina dharma kA mUla hai kyoMki isI meM loka kalyANa kI bhAvanA nihita hai| isa dRSTi se jainadharma aura Ayurveda kI nikaTatA suspaSTa hai| parahita kI bhAvanA se prerita hone ke kAraNa isa Ayurveda zAstra meM dUsaroM ke prANoM kI rakSA ko vizeSa mahatva diyA gayA hai vahAM ise AjIvikA ke sAdhana ke rUpa meM apanAe jAne kA pUrNa niSedha kiyA gayA hai|

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anekAnta 66/2, apraila-jUna 2013 arthAt isa prakAra uparyukta uddezya se kI gaI cikitsA usa vaidya ko sabhI uttama phala detI hai jisa prakAra acchI prakAra se kI gaI kRSi, kRSi bala, paurUSa evaM daivayoga se svayaM dhana saMcaya karAtI hai, usI prakAra zuddha hRdaya se kI gaI cikitsA bhI vaidya ko iha loka para paraloka meM sabhI sukha detI hai| ___jo vaidya rogI ke prati kArUNya buddhi aura karUNAbhAva se usakI cikitsA karatA hai usa cikitsA se vaidya ko kyA lAbha milatA hai? isakA pratipAdana bhI ugrAdityAcArya ne nimna prakAra se kiyA hai - kvacicca dharma kvacidarthalAbhaM kvacicca kAmaM kvacideva mitrm| kvacidyazassA kurUte cikitsA kvacitsadabhyAsa vishaardtvm||18 arthAt usa cikitsA se vaidya ko kahIM dharma lAbha hotA hai to kahIM manovAMchita pUrNa hotA hai to kahIM sanmitra kI prApti hotI hai| vaha cikitsA kahIM yazo lAbha karAtI hai to kahIM cikitsA naipuNya yA abhyAsa kI dakSatA bar3hAtI hai| prANAvAya zAstra kI yaha vizeSatA hai ki Arogya sAdhana kI dRSTi se vaha pratyeka varga ke manuSya ko nirogI rakhane kA mArga batalAtA hai| sAmAnya manuSya to mithyA AhAra vihAra ke kAraNa roga grasta hote haiM, jaina sAdhu bhI pUrvopArjita karmodaya ke prabhAva se roga grasta hue binA nahIM rhte| ataH unheM bhI Arogya sAdhana kA upAya batalAne meM yaha prANAvAya zAstra pUrNa samartha hai| isa dRSTi se zrI ugrAdityAcArya kA nimna vacana mahatvapUrNa haiArogya zAstramadhigamya munirvipazcit svAsthyaM sa saadhytisiddhsukhaikhetum| anyassvadoSakRta roganipIDitAMgo badhnAti karma nijdussprinnaambhedaat||19 arthAt jo vidvAn muni Arogya zAstra ko bhalIbhAMti jAnakara usI prakAra AhAra vihAra rakhate hue apane svAsthya kI rakSA kara letA hai vaha siddha sukha ke mArga ko prApta kara letA hai| jo svAsthya ke rakSAvidhAna ko nahIM jAnakara apane svAsthya kI rakSA nahIM kara pAtA hai vaha aneka doSoM se utpanna rogoM se pIr3ita hokara aneka prakAra ke duSpariNAmoM se karmabaMdha kara letA hai| 'zarIraM vyAdhimandiram' ke anusAra dehadhArI pratyeka manuSya ko kisI na kisI roga kA bhaya to banA hI rahatA hai| manuSya jaba vyAdhigrasta ho jAtA hai to vaha rUgNa zaiyA para par3A rahatA hai aura usake samasta kArya bAdhita ho jAte haiN| svastha zarIra ke binA na to dhArmika kriyAeM ho sakatI haiM aura na hI koI sAmAjika/sAMsArika kaary| ataH pratyeka manuSya Arogya kI apekSA rakhatA hai| Arogya ke mahatva ko prANAvAya zAstra meM bhI svIkAra kiyA hai| zrI ugrAdityAcArya Arogya kI AvazyakatA kA pratipAdana karate hue kahate haiM - na dharmasya kartA na cArthasya hartA na kAmasya bhoktA na mokSasya paataa| naro buddhimAn dhIrasatvo'pi rogI yatastadvinAzAd bhavennaiva mrtyH|| arthAt manuSya buddhimAna aura dhIra satva (dRr3ha manaska) hone para bhI yadi rogI ho to vaha na dharma kara sakatA hai na dhana kamA sakatA hai na manovAMchita viSayoM kA bhoga kara sakatA hai aura

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kalyANamandira stotra evaM bhaktAmara stotra kA tulanAtmaka anuzIlana DaoN. jayakumAra jaina stotra kA jaina paramparA meM artha (stotradvaya meM sAmya) stotra zabda kA adAdi gaNa kI ubhayapadI 'stu' dhAtu se 'STran' pratyaya kA niSpanna rUpa hai, jisakA artha guNasaMkIrtana hai| stuti zabda stotra kA paryAyavAcI hai, jo strIliGga meM prayukta hotA hai, jabaki stotra zabda napusaMka liGga meM prayukta hotA hai| guNasaMkIrtana ArAdhaka dvArA ArAdhya kI bhakti kA eka mAdhyama hai, jo abhISTa siddhidAyaka to hai hI, vizuddha hone para bhavanAzaka bhI hotA hai| zrI vAdIbhasiMha sUri ne bhakti ko mukti rUpI kanyA se pANigrahaNa meM zulka rUpa kahA hai| unakA kahanA hai jo zubha bhakti mukti ko prApta karA sakatI hai, vaha anya kSudra kyA-kyA kArya siddha nahIM kara sakatI hai - 'zrIpatirbhagavAn puSyAd bhaktAnAM vA smiihitm| yadbhaktiHzulkatAmeti muktiknyaakrgrhe||' 'satI bhaktiH bhavati muktyai kSudraM kiM vA na saadhyet| trilokImUlyaratnena durlabhaH kiM tussotkrH|| ataH spaSTa hai ki bhakti zivetarakSati (amaMgalanAza) evaM sadyaH paranirvRti (tvarita AnandaprApti) ke sAtha pamparayA mukti kI bhI sAdhikA hai| yadyapi stuti zabda kA prayoga prAyaH atiprazaMsA meM hotA hai, kintu jaina paramparA meM stuti zabda kA prayoga atiprazaMsA meM nahIM apitu AMzika guNAnuvAda ke rUpa meM huA hai| jinendra bhagavAn kI stuti karate hue zrI samantabhadrAcArya ne likhA hai - 'guNastokaM samullaMghya tadbahutvakathA stutiH|| AnantyAste guNAH vaktumazakyAstvayi sA kthm||2 arthAt thor3e guNoM ko pAkara unheM bar3hA-car3hAkara kahanA stuti kahI jAtI hai, parantu he bhagavan ! tumhAre to ananta guNa haiM, jinakA varNana karanA asaMbhava hai| ataH tumhAre viSaya meM stuti kA yaha artha kaise saMgata ho sakatA hai ? isa viSaya meM kalyANamandirastotra meM tathA bhaktAmarastotra meM bhI kahA gayA hai -

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anekAnta 66/2, apraila-jUna 2013 kintu sukhaprApti ke upAya ke viSaya meM viSamatA dRSTigocara hotI hai| jahA~ jar3avAdI bhautika sAmagrI ko sukha kA kAraNa mAnate haiM, vahA~ adhyAtmavAdI evaM katipaya manovaijJAnika icchAoM ke zamana yA abhAva ko vAstavika sukha svIkAra karate haiN| suprasiddha manovaijJAnika viliyama jemsa ne sukhaprApti kA eka sUtra batAyA hai Achievement (lAbha) Expectation (AzA) = Satisfaction (saMtuSTi) arthAt lAbha adhika ho - AzA kama ho to sukha prApti hotI hai aura AzA adhika ho lAbha kama ho to duHkha milatA hai| isa sUtra kA sAra yaha hai ki manuSya ko AzAyeM kama karake sukha prApta karanA caahie| jaba AzAyeM zUnya ho jAtI haiM, taba paramAnanda kI prApti hotI hai| bhAratIya manISiyoM ne AzAoM kI nyUnatA yA zUnyatA kA pramukha kAraNa stuti (bhakti) evaM virakti ko mAnA hai| yataH kalyANamandirastotra evaM bhaktAmarastotra ke racayitA donoM digambarAcArya haiM tathA unake padyAnuvAdaka zrI saurabhasAgara jI mahArAja digambara muni haiM, ataH unakI kRtiyoM meM guNAnuvAda kA mUla uddezya sarvatra samAhita dRSTigocarara hotA hai| guNAnuvAda ke uddezya kA kathana karate hue kalyANamandira stotra meM kahA gayA hai ki he jinendra! jo manISI abhinna buddhi se Apako dhyAna karate haiM ve Apake prabhAva se Apake samAna hI bana jAte haiM - 'AtmA manISibhirayaM tvabhedabuddhyA dhyAto jinendra ! bhavatIha bhvtprbhaavH|'6 bhaktAmarastotra meM isa bAta ko zabdAntara meM isa prakAra kahA gayA hai ki usakI stuti se kyA lAbha hai, jo apane Azrita ko apane samAna nahIM banA detA hai 'tulyA bhavanti bhavato nanu tena kiMvA bhUtyAzritaM ya iha nAtmasamaM kroti|" pratipakSI bhAvoM kA cintana - sAdhanA yA vairAgya kI vRddhi karane meM sabase bar3A sAdhana pratipakSI bhAvoM kA cintana hai| yadi azubha ko tyAganA hai to zubha kA saMkalpa karanA Avazyaka hai aura zubha ko prApta karanA hai to azubha ko tyAgane kA cintana Avazyaka hai| maharSi pAtaJjali ne spaSTatayA kahA hai - vitarkabAdhane prtipkssbhaavnm| arthAt eka pakSa ko tor3anA hai, to pratipakSa kI bhAvanA paidA kro| AcArya kumudacandra aura AcArya mAnatuMga donoM hI bhavasantati, pApa evaM karmabandha ke vinAza ke lie bhavavat cintana ko Avazyaka mAnate haiN| kalyANamandira stotra evaM bhaktAmarastotra ke nimnalikhita padya isa sandarbha meM draSTavya hai| AcArya kumudacandra kahate haiM - 'hRdvartini tvayi vibho ! zithilIbhavanti jantoH kSaNena niviDA api krmbndhaaH| sadyo bhujaMgamamayA iva madhyabhAgamabhyAgate vanazikhaNDini cndnsy||'-klyaannmndir, 8

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anekAnta 66/2, apraila-jUna 2013 arthAt he svAmin matihIna hone para bhI maiM asaMkhya guNoM ke sAgara ApakI stuti karane meM pravRtta huA huuN| kyA choTA sA bAlaka bhI apanI donoM bhujAoM ko phailAkara apanI buddhi se samudra kI vistIrNatA kA kathana nahIM karatA? arthAt karatA hI hai| buddhayA vinApi vibudhaarcitpaadpiitth| stotuM smudytmtirvigttrpohm| bAlaM vihAya jalasaMsthitamindubimba manyaH ka icchati janaH sahasA grhiitum|| - bhaktA, 3 arthAt he devoM dvArA arcita pAdapITha vAle bhagavAn ! buddhihIna hote hue bhI nirlajja hokara maiM ApakI stuti karane meM apanI buddhi lagA rahA huuN| jala meM sthita candramA ke pratibimba ko bacce ko chor3akara anya kauna vyakti pakar3ane kI icchA karatA hai? arthAt koI nhii| spaSTa hai ki donoM hI AcAryoM ne apanI laghutA ke pradarzana meM samAna paddhati apanAI hai donoM hI udAharaNoM meM bAla manovijJAna kI gajaba kI prastuti hai| bhaya aura kAma kI vivecanA - jaina darzana ke anusAra mohanIya karma rUpI bIja se rAga evaM dveSa utpanna hote haiN| isalie jJAna rUpI agni se mohanIya karma rUpI bIja ko naSTa karane kI bAta jaina zAstroM meM kahI gaI hai| AcArya guNabhadra ne likhA hai - ___ 'mohabIjAd ratidveSau biijaanmuulaaNkuraaviv| tasmAnjjJAnAgninA dAhyaM etetau nirdidhikssunnaa||14 duHkha kA mUla kAraNa ye rAga aura dveSa bhAva hI haiM kyoMki ye donoM bhAva karma ke bIja haiN| karma se janma-maraNa aura janma-maraNa se duHkha hotA hai| kahA bhI gayA hai - 'rAgo ya doso viyaM kammabIjaM, kammaM ca mohappabhavaM vyNti| kammaM ca jAimaraNassa mUlaM, dukkhaM ca jAimaraNaM vyNti||15 manovijJAna ke anusAra bhI anubhUtiyA~ do prakAra kI haiM-prItyAtmaka aura apriityaatmk| inako kAma evaM bhaya rUpa manaHsaMvega vAlA kahA gayA hai| bhaya saMsArI mAnava kI sabase bar3I kamajorI hai| bhaya se trasta mAnava bhaya ke kAraNoM se saMrakSita hone kA nirantara prayAsa karatA hai| apanI rakSA ke lie vaha apane ArAdhya kI zaraNa meM jAkara apane ko surakSita mAnane kI bhAvanA karatA hai| kaThina paristhitiyoM meM vaha adeva, kudeva yA svargAdi devoM se bhI yAcanA karane lagatA hai| kintu ye vAstavika zaraNa nahIM hai| vAstavika zaraNa to arihanta, siddha, sAdhu aura dharma hI hai| yadyapi vItarAga bhagavAn svayaM kucha nahI karate haiM kintu unakI prArthanA se duHkhoM kA nAza avazya hotA hai| pApakarma bhI puNya rUpa meM saMkramita ho jAtA hai| manovijJAna kI bhASA meM ise mArgAntIkaraNa (Redirection) kahate haiN| AcArya kumudacandra bhagavAn pArzvanAtha kI stuti karate hue unase mahAn bhayAnaka duHkha rUpI sAgara se pAra karane kI prArthanA karate haiM -

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anekAnta 66/2, apraila-jUna 2013 'strINAM zatAni zatazojanayanti putrAn nAnyA sutaM tvadupamaM jananI prsuutaa| sarvAH dizo dadhati bhAni sahasrarazmi prAcyeva digjanayati sphurdNshujaalm||20 arthAt saikar3oM striyA~ putroM ko utpanna karatI haiM, kintu anya kisI mAtA ne tuma jaise putra ko utpanna nahIM kiyA hai| sabhI dizAyeM nakSatroM ko dhAraNa karatI haiM, kintu pUrva dizA hI camakadAra kiraNoM vAle sUrya ko udita karatI haiN| nimitta kAraNA kI sAmarthya kI svIkArya - AcArya kumudacandra evaM AcArya mAnatuMga bhakti ko ehika evaM pAralaukika phalaprApti meM kAryakArI mAnate hue nimitta kI sAmarthya ko svIkAra karate haiN|aacaary kumudacandra kahatehaiM - 'dharmopadezasamaye savidhAnubhAvAdAstAM jano bhavati te trurpyshokH| abhyudgate dinapatau samahIruho'pi kiM vA vivodhamupayAti na jiivlokH||21 he prabho! Apake dharmopadeza ke samaya jo samIpa AtA hai, usa mAnava kI bAta to rahane do, vRkSa bhI azoka (zoka rahita) ho jAtA hai| kyA sUrya ke udita ho jAne para vRkSoM ke sAtha jIvoM kA samUha jAgaraNa ko prApta nahIM ho jAtA hai ? arthAt ho hI jAtA hai| AcArya mAnatuMga bhI nimitta kAraNa kI zakti ko svIkAra karate hue kahate haiM - _ 'alpazrutaM zrutavatAM parihAsadhAma tvadbhaktireva mukharIkurute blaanmaam| yatkokilaH kila madhau madhuraM virauti taccAmracArukalikAnikaraika hetuH||22 vidvAnoM ke hAsya ke pAtra alpajJAnI mujhako tumhArI bhakti hI jabarana vAcAla banA rahI hai| vAstava meM jo koyala basanta Rtu meM madhura zabda karatI hai, vaha Ama kI sundara kaliyoM ke kAraNa hI hai| AcArya mAnatuMga dvArA prayukta 'kila' evaM 'ekahetu' zabda nimitta kI kAryakAritA kA dRr3hatApUrvaka samarthana karate haiN| ArAdhya ke nAma-smaraNa kA prabhAva - prAyaH loga aisA kahA karate haiM ki nAmasmaraNa rUpa bhakti meM kyA rakhA hai? kintu ve yaha bhUla jAte haiM ki gAlI kA nAma sunakara jaba hameM krodha evaM prazaMsA sunakara harSa utpanna ho jAtA hai, to prabhu ke nAmoccAraNa kA prabhAva na par3e, ye kaise ho sakatA hai? AcArya nAmasmaraNa ke prabhAva kA varNana karate hue kahate haiM -

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anekAnta 66/2, apraila-jUna 2013 rUpasaundarya varNana - ArAdhaka apane ArAdhya ko jagat meM sarvAGgasundara evaM anupama mAnatA hai| use jagat ke sampUrNa upamAna usake samakSa hIna dikhAI dete haiN| ArAdhaka ArAdhya ke svarUpa kA varNana karane meM apane ko asamartha pAtA hai| AcArya kumudacandra kahate haiM 'sAmAnyato'pi tava varNAyituM svarUpamasmAdRzaH kathamadhIza? bhvnydhiishaaH| dhRSTo'pi kauzikazizuryadi vA divAndho rUpaM prarUpayati kiM kila dhrmrshmeH||'- kalyANamandirastotra, 3 arthAt he prabho ! tumhAre rUpa kA varNana karane meM hama jaise loga sAmAnya rUpa se bhI kaise samartha ho sakate haiN| kyA dhRSTa ullU yA divAndha sUrya ke rUpa kA varNana kara sakatA hai? arthAt nahIM kara sakatA hai| rUpa saundarya varNana ke prasaMga meM AcArya mAnatuMga jinendra deva kA varNana karate hue unake mukha kI prabhA ke samakSa candramA kI prabhA ko bhI hIna mAnate haiN| dIpaka, sUrya Adi sabhI upanAma unake samakSa phIke haiN| zrI mAnatuMga AcArya dvArA kI gaI eka sundara ananvaya-yojanA dRSTavya hai - "yaiH zAntarAgarucibhiH paramANubhistvaM nirmaapitaastribhuvnaikllaambhuut| tAvanta eva khalu te'pyaNavaH pRthivyAM yatte samAnamaparaM nahi ruupmsti|" - bhaktAmarastotra, 12 arthAt he tInoM lokoM meM ekamAtra ziromaNi ! vItarAgatA meM ruci rakhane vAle jina paramANuoM se tuma banAye gaye ho, nizcita hI ve paramANu utane hI the| kyoMki sampUrNa pRthivI meM tumhAre samAna dUsarA rUpa nahIM hai| bhASA - ___ kAvya kI dRSTi se kalyANamandira stotra aura bhaktAmarastotra donoM hI mahattvapUrNa stotra hai| inakI bhASA bar3I prAsAdika tathA svAbhAvika hai| kavi kI uktiyoM meM bar3A camatkAra hai| kahIM-kahIM ojaguNa kA bar3A hI kamanIya prayoga huA hai, jo bhASA meM prasaMgAnukUla dIpti utpanna karane meM samartha hai| isa sandarbha meM donoM kA eka-eka padya draSTavya hai - 'ydgrjituurjitdhnaudhmdbhrmiivbhrshyttddinmuslmaaNslghordhaarm| daityena muktamatha dustaravAri dadhe tenaiva tasya jina! dustrvaarikRtym||' -kalyANamandira, 32 (padyAnuvAda - mahA bhayaMkara dustaravAri, varSA kara upasarga kiyA, bAdala garajA vidyuta camakA, apanA pauruSa vyartha kiyaa| phira bhI pArzva prabhuvara, terA kucha bhI nA vaha kara pAyA, apane hI hAthoM se vaha to, apane Upara khar3aga claayaa||)

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24 anekAnta 66/2, apraila-jUna 2013 kI zobhA, yamaka kI manoramatA tathA zleSa kI saMyojanA sahaja hI pAThakoM ke hRdaya meM alaukika Ananda kA saMvardhana karatI hai| arthAlaGkAroM meM upamA, rUpaka, utprekSA, vyatireka, dRSTAnta arthAntaranyAsa, prativastUpamA samAsokti, atizayokti, viSama Adi alaGkAroM vicchitti varNanIya viSayoM kI maJjula abhivyaJjanA karane meM samartha hai| yahA~ para katipaya zabdAlaGkAroM evaM arthAlaGkAroM kA digdarzana prastuta hai| 133 anuprAsa - padalAlitya ke pratIka anuprAsa alaGkAra kA lakSaNa karate hue AcArya mammaTa likhA hai 'varNasAmyamanuprAsaH arthAt svaroM kI bhinnatA hone para bhI vyaJjanoM kI samAnatA ko anuprAsa kahate haiM / yathA - 'yadgarjadUrjitaghanaughamadabhrabhImabhrazyattaDinmusalamAMsalaghoradhAram / 34 'kundAvadAtacalacAmaracAruzobhaM vibhrAjate tava vapuH kaladhautakAntam / yamaka - artha ke hone para jahA~ bhinna artha vAle ve hI varNa usI krama se punaH sunAI dete haiM vahA~ yamaka alaMkAra hotA hai| kAvyaprakAza meM kahA gayA hai- 'arthe satyarthabhinnAnAM varNAnAM sA punaH zrutiH / yamakam Wate / 36 AstAmacintyamahimA jina! saMstavaste, nAmApi pAti bhavato bhavato nitaantm| "" 137 yahA~ para 'bhavato bhavato' meM svaravyaMjanasamUha kI usI krama se punaH AvRtti huI hai| donoM pada sArthaka haiN| prathama pada kA artha hai 'ApakA' aura dvitIya pada kA artha hai 'bhavatrasaMsAra se' / ataH yahA~ yamaka alaMkAra hai| isI prakAra uttarArddha meM 'sarasaH saraso'nilo' meM bhI yamaka hai| zleSa - AcArya mammaTa ne zleSa ke svarUpa ko spaSTa karate hue likhA hai 'vAcyabhedena bhinnA yad yugapadabhASaNaspRzaH / zliSyanti zabdAH zleSo'sau ' // 38 arthAt artha kI bhinnatA ke kAraNa bhinna- 2 zabda jaba eka sAtha uccAraNa ke kAraNa Apasa meM cipaka jAte haiM yA ekAkAra ho jAte haiM to use zleSa alaMkAra kahate haiN| yathA 'jananayanakumudacandra meM kumudacandra ke do artha haiM kumudoM ke lie candramA tathA granthakartA AcArya kumudacandra tathA 'te' mAnatuMgamavazA samupaiti lakSmI: " meM mAnatuMga ke do artha haiMsvAbhimAna se samunta puruSa tathA bhaktAmarastotra ke racayitA AcArya mAnatuMga / ubhayatra uccAraNasAmya se zabda zilaSTa hai| ataH zleSa alaMkAra hai / upamA - kAvya meM cArutA ke sanniveza ke lie sAmyamUlaka upamA alaMkAra sarvAdhika mahattvapUrNa alaMkAra hai| jahA~ upamAna aura upameya alaga-alaga hone para bhI guNa, kriyA ke Adhara para sAdharmya kA varNana hotA hai, vahA~ upamA alaMkAra hotA hai| upamA alaMkAra kA lakSaNa karate hue AcArya mammaTa ne likhA hai- 'sAdharmyamupamA bhede

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anekAnta 66/2, apraila-jUna 2013 he prabho ! mohanIya karma kA nAza ho jAne se anubhava karatA huA bhI mAnava tumhAre guNoM ko nahIM gina sakatA hai| pralayakAla meM sAgara kA pAnI bAhara ho jAne para bhI sAgara ke ratnoM kI rAzi kA anumAna nahIM kiyA jA sakatA hai| yahA~ para guNagaNana kI ratnarAzi kI gaNanA ke rUpa meM saMbhAvanA hone se utprekSA alaMkAra 'kalpAntakAlapavanoddhatavahnikalpaM dAvAnalaM jvlitmujjvlmutsphuliNgm| vizvaM jighatsumiva sammukhamApatantaM tvannAmakIrtanajalaM shmytyshessm||49 ApakA nAma smaraNa rUpI jala pralaya kAla kI teja havA se dhadhakatI huI agni ke samAna jalatI huI nirdhUma cinagAriyoM se yukta vizva ko mAno khA jAne ke lie taiyAra sAmane AtI huI dAvAgni ko pUrI taraha bujhA detA hai| yahA~ para jagat ko khA jAne rUpa saMbhAvanA karane se utprekSA alaMkAra hai| isI prakAra donoM stotroM meM anya arthAlaMkAra bhI vidyamAna hai| isI prakAra kalyANamandira stotra ke zloka saMkhyA 2,3,4,5,6,11,14,15,36 aura 43 bhaktAmarastotra ke zloka saMkhyA 2,3,4,56,15,23,27,43, aura 47 ke sAtha kramazaH tulanIya ___ kalyANamaMdira aura bhaktAmara stotra ke tulanAtmaka adhyayana ke AdhAra para yaha sahaja niSkarSa nikalatA hai ki koI eka stotra apane pUrvavartI stotra se prabhAvita avazya hai| DaoN. nemicandra zAstrI likhate haiM ki - 'bhaktAmarastotra ke antaraMga parIkSaNa se pratIta ki yaha stotra kalyANamaMdira kA paravartI hai| kalyANamaMdi meM kalpanA kI jaisI svacchatA hai, vaisI prAyaH isa stotra meM nahIM hai| ataH kalyANamandira bhaktAmara se pahale kI racanA ho, to Azcarya nahIM hai|'50 DaoN. nemicandra dvArA nirdhArita pUrvAparatA Adi prAmANika hai, to yaha kahanA sarvathA samIcIna hai ki bhaktAmara stotra para kalyANamandira stotra kA prabhAva hai| kintu isake viparIta zrI paM. amRtalAla zAstrI kalyANamandira para bhaktAmara stotra kA prabhAva mAnate haiN| ve likhate haiM - 'AcArya kumudacandra ne apane kalyANamandira stotra kA anukrama bhaktAmara stotra ke AdhAra para bnaayaa| vasantatilakA chandA, Arambha meM yugma zloka, AtmalaghutA kA pradarzana, stovya ke guNoM ke viSaya meM apane asAmarthya kA kathana, jinanAma ke smaraNa yA saMkIrtana kI mahimA, hariharAdi devoM kA ullekha, jinendra ke saMstava yA dhyAna se paramAtma pada kI prApti, ATha prAtihAryoM kA varNana, stuti kA phala mokSa aura antima padya meM zliSTa nAma kumudacandra - ityAdi sAmya bhaktAmara stotra ko dekhe binA akasmAt honA kathamapi saMbhava nahIM hai| jo kucha bhI ho, para itanA to nizcita hai ki donoM stotroM meM samatA kisI eka para anya ke prabhAvajanya hai|

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"svAdhyAya eka anuzIlana" prAcArya abhayakumAra jaina sarvebhyo yad vrataM mUlaM svAdhyAyaH paramaM tapaH / yataH sarvavratAnAM hi svAdhyAyaH mUlamAditaH / / 99 / / siddhAntasAra svAdhyAya hI sabhI vratoM kA mUlAdhAra hai, dhyAna kA mukhya aMga hai, zubhadhyAnoM kA hetu bhI hai / isI se svAdhyAya ko parama tapa uttama tapa kahA gayA hai| sat-i -zAstroM kA paThana-pAThana, manana-cintana jJAnavarddhaka, sukha- santoSakArI hone ke sAtha-sAtha mokSamArga pravartaka aura jinazAsana prabhAvaka bhI hai| manuSya ko yaha vivekavAna, usake jIvana ko Adarza tathA pragatizIla, sabhya ziSTa bhI banAtA hai| isI se AcArya bhagavantoM ne hama saMsAriyoM para dayA karake jinavacanoM ko cAra anuyogoM meM lipibaddha karake unakI TIkAe~/ vyAkhyAe~ kara sarala subodha banAyA hai aura aneka manISiyoM ne vibhinna bhASAoM meM rupAntaraNa karake sarva sAdhAraNa ko bhI paThanIya mananIya banA diyA hai| isa saMzodhita saMpAdita prakAzita Agama sAhitya ke paThana-pAThana pracAra-prasAra Aja mahatI AvazyakatA hai tAki hamAre zrutatIrtha va mokSamArga kI paramparA aTUTa banI rahe aura dharmatIrtha bhI zaktimAna banA rahe AgamoM meM svAdhyAya zrutAbhyAsa kI bar3I mahimA gAyI gaI hai aura svAdhyAya dvArA jJAnArjana karane kI satpreraNA bhI dI gaI hai| svAdhyAya kyA hai ? sat-zAstroM ke paThana-pAThana, vAcana-manana aura upadeza Adi ko samAnyataH svAdhyAya kahA jAtA hai / vyutpatti anusAra artha isa prakAra hai - (1) 'svasya =AtmanaH adhyayanaM svAdhyAyaH' apanI AtmA kA adhyayana, cintana-manana, dhyAna svAdhyAya hai| (2) svasmai Atmane (AtmanaH hitArtha) adhyayanaM svAdhyAyaH' apanI AtmA ke hitArtha AtmahitakArI sat-zAstroM kA adhyayana, manana-cintana, bhAvana svAdhyAya hai| (3) 'su+A+adhyAyaH su samIcIna rUpa se A vidhi maryAdApUrvaka hitakArI sat-zAstroM kA par3hanA-par3hAnA, sunanA-sunAnA, cintana-manana karanA, bhAvanA bhAnA, upadeza denA svAdhyAya hai| nizcaya se Alasya tyAgakara jJAna kI ArAdhanA karanA svAdhyAya hai apanI AtmA kA hita karane vAlA adhyayana svAdhyAya hai? AtmasvarUpa ko jAnakara usI meM sthira ho jAnA svAdhyAya hai| jo apanI AtmA ko isa apavitra zarIra se nizcaya se bhinna tathA jJAyaka svarUpa jAnatA hai, vaha saba zAstroM ko jAnatA hai|

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30 anekAnta 66/2, apraila-jUna 2013 se, jaldI-jaldI yA dhIre-dhIre na pddh'naa| zabdArtha kI zuddhipUrvaka stuti devavandanA Adi maMgala sahita sat-zAstroM kA vyAkhyAna karanA vAcanA svAdhyAya hai| (2) pRcchanA = puuchnaa| arthAt prazna karanA bhI svAdhyAya hai| jAne hue artha ko sunizcita karane ke lie/puSTa karane ke lie, grantha yA artha ke sambandha meM kisI prakAra kA saMzaya hone para kisI vijJa svAdhyAyI se yA guru mahArAja se pUchanA svAdhyAya hai| yaha pUMchanA (prazna) adhyayana kI pravRtti ke lie hI hotA hai| apanA bar3appana batalAne ke lie yA dUsaroM kA upahAsa karane ke lie pUMchanA ThIka nahIM hotaa| yaha to jJAna kI avinaya hai, zAstra kI AsAdanA hai| aisA nahIM karanA caahie| (3) anuprekSA = jAne hue/ par3he hue artha ko ekAgramana se punaH punaH abhyAsa karanA anuprekSA hai| isameM bhI antarjalya (mana hI mana meM adhyayana) hotA hI hai| (4) AmnAya = zuddhatApUrvaka/ zuddha uccAraNa sahita zruta kA pATha karanA AmnAya hai| AmnAya bhI svAdhyAya hI hai| (5) dharmopedaza = dharma kA vyAkhyAna kisI dRSTa/ adRSTa prayojana kI apekSA na karake unmArga ko naSTa karane ke lie, sandeha ko dUra karane ke lie, apUrva artha ko prakaTa karane ke lie, AtmakalyANa ke lie, jo dharma kA vyAkhyAna kiyA jAtA hai, use dharmopadeza kahate haiN| yaha bhI svAdhyAya kA bheda (aMga) hai| zrI mUlArAdhanA meM bhI hai15 AcAryazrI ne (1) pariyaNA parivartanA- par3he hue zAstra kA pATha karanA, (2) JavAcana= vAcanA (vyAkhyAna) (3) pRcchanA pUchanA (4)anuprekSA bAra-bAra zAstra kA cintana-manana karanA aura (5) dharmakathA 63 zalAkA puruSoM kA caritra svayaM par3hanA aura dUsaroM ko sunAnA - ye pAMca svAdhyAya ke bheda batalAye haiN| svAdhyAya kyoM - kisalie? mAnava kA citta bar3A caMcala hai| yaha sadA hI calAyamAna rahatA hai| ghar3I ke peNDulama kI taraha yaha DolatA hI rahatA hai, sthira nahIM rhtaa| isakI sthiratA ke lie tathA azAnta mana ko zAnta tathA samatAbhAvI banAye rakhane ke lie svAdhyAya Avazyaka hai| munizrI taruNasAgara jI ne isa cacaMla citta ko aneka upamAoM se abhivyakta kiyA hai| ve kahate haiM ki yaha citta/mana cikanI machalI kI taraha hai to hAthoM se bAra-bAra phisala jAtI hai| binA lagAm ke ghor3e kI taraha hai jo savAra ko maMjila taka na pahu~cAkara kisI garta meM girA detA hai| yaha bahurUpiyA hai, nAnA rUpa banAtA rahatA hai| yadyapi yaha manuSya kA hai, para manuSya kI pakar3a ke bAhara hai| yaha caMcala hai, capala hai, vAyu se bhI adhika gatizIla hai| samudra kI gaharAI ko, AkAza kI U~cAI ko mApanA aura bijalI kI gati kA Alekha karanA kadAcit AsAna hai, para mana kI gati mApanA saMbhava nahIM hai| astu, caMcalatA mana kA durguNa hai, svabhAva hai, para ise rokA jA sakatA hai| ise rokane kA/ sthira karane kA ekamAtra upAya hai sat-zAtroM kA svaadhyaay| AcArya zrI guNabhadra jI mahArAja ne AtmAnuzAsana meM kahA hai- "mana markaTa (baMdara) kI taraha caMcala hai| ise sthira banAye rakhane meM svAdhyAya parama sahAyaka hai| ataH ise zrutaskandharUpI vRkSa para sadA ramAye rakhanA cAhie arthAt zrutAbhyAsa meM/ svAdhyAya meM lagAye rakhanA caahie|

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anekAnta 66/2, apraila-jUna 2013 svAdhyAya se acche-bure kA, guNa-doSoM kA, bhakSya-abhakSya kA aura hitAhita kA sadviveka jAgrata hotA hai| dharma meM anurAga, paMca parameSThiyoM meM parama bhakti evaM zraddhAna sudRr3ha hotA hai| kaSAyoM kI mandatA se parama santoSa, Ananda evaM dayA kI abhivRddhi hotI hai| azubhakarma kaTate haiM aura pUrvasaMcita pApa galate/dhulate haiN| phalataH samyaktva prakaTa hokara mokSamArga prazasta hotA hai| bhagavatI ArAdhanA meM AcArya zrI zivArya ne kahA hai- 'sAdhu jaise-jaise atizaya rasa se bharapUra azrutapUrva zruta (zAstra) kA avagAhana karate haiM vaise-vaise atizaya navIna dharmazraddha se saMyukta hote hue paramAnanda kA anubhava karate haiM tathA svAdhyAya se prApta Atmavizuddhi ke dvArA niSkampa tathA heyopAdeya meM vicakSaNa-buddhi hokara yAvajjIvana ratnatrayamArga meM pravartate haiN|29 tiloyapaNNattI meM AcArya zrI yativRSabha ne bhI kahA hai- 'paramAgama par3hane se sumeru-samAna nizcala mUr3hatAoM aura zaMkAdi doSoM se rahita anupama samyagdarzana kI prApti hotI hai| zrI paramAtmaprakAza meM bhI kahA gayA hai ki "jJAna prApti ke upAyabhUta zAstroM kA par3hanA paramparA se mokSa kA sAdhaka hai| AtmAnuzAsana meM A.zrI guNabhadra jI kahate haiM- zAstrarUpI agni meM praviSTa huA bhavyajIva maNi ke samAna vizuddha hokara mukti prApta kara letA hai| arthAt jaise padmarAga maNi Aga meM tapakara sadA ke lie vizuddha/nirmala ho jAtI hai usI prakAra zrutAbhyAsa se bhavya jIva rAgadveSAdi mala se rahita hokara vizuddha hotA huA mukta ho jAtA hai| saca hai, saMsAra-sindhu tirane ke lie svAdhyAya surakSita jalayAna ke samAna hai| svAdhyAya sAMsArika vyAdhiyoM ke vinAza ke lie acUka rAmabANa auSadhi hai tathA samasta sAMsArika duHkhoM kA kSaya kara mokSasukha ko dene vAlA hai| AcArya zrI kundakunda deva ne daMsaNa-pAhuDa meM kahA hai-25 "jinavacana rUpI auSadhi vaiSayika sukhoM kA virecana kara janma-maraNa ke nAza hetu amRta ke samAna hai aura sabhI duHkhoM ke kSaya kA kAraNa hai|" rayaNasAra meM bhI kahA pravacana ke sAra kA abhyAsa jinazAstroM kA svAdhyAya paramAtmA ke dhyAna kA kAraNa hai aura dhyAna se hI karmoM kA nAza tathA mokSasukha kI prApti hotI hai| pravacanasAra meM bhI unhoMne batAyA hai ki jainazAstroM ke svAdhyAya se tattvajJAna aura niyama se mohakSaya hotA hai| ataH jainazAstroM kA samyakpa se svAdhyAya karanA zreyaskara hai| mokSamArga meM zrutArAdhanA/zrutAbhyAsa/svAdhyAya kA bar3A hI mahattvapUrNa sthAna hai| isI se AcArya bhagavantoM ne sthAna-sthAna para isako karate rahane kI preraNA dI hai| svAdhyAya ko antaraMga tapoM meM samAhita to kiyA hI hai, zrAvakoM ke SaDAvazyakoM meM bhI zAmila kara pratidina niyamataH svAdhyAya karane kI preraNA samasta zrAvakoM ko bhI dI gaI hai| tIrthakara kI kAraNabhUta solahakAraNa bhAvanAoM meM abhIkSNa jJAnopayoga, zrutabhakti, pravacanabhakti bhAvanAoM ke mAdhyama se zrutArAdhanA ke lie hI prerita kiyA gayA hai| kyoMki zrutArAdhanA se hI samyagdarzana aura samyagjJAna kI prApti hotI hai| jo mokSapuruSArtha ko jAgrata kara mumukSuoM ko muktimArga kI ora agrasara karatI hai| isI se mokSamArgI mumukSu munirAja abhIkSNa jJAnopayogI rahate hue sadA jJAna-dhyAna-tapa meM anurakta rahakara prazaMsA pAte haiN|9 / / svAdhyAya se jJAna hotA hai| jJAna se tattvoM kA saMgraha arthAt tattvoM kA spaSTa bodha hotA hai| tattvabodha se tattvazraddhAna aura sadbhAvanA jAgrata hotI hai| jo munirAja pAMcoM prakAra kA

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anekAnta 66/2, apraila-jUna 2013 isI se manISiyoM ne jinavANI ke mAhAtmya ko darzAte hue satata jJAnArjana karane kI preraNA dI hai| yadi sukha cAhate ho to zrutAbhyAsa dvArA apane jJAna kA prakAza jAgrata karo; ___ 'parijana dhana kucha na cale, maraNa samaya meM saath| jJAna aDiga nija kI nidhi, bhava-bhava jAve saath||" vastutaH zrutAbhyAsa ke binA citta sthira zAnta aura zubha dhyAna nahIM hote, viSayoM kI cAharUpI dAvAgni zAnta na hone se saMsAra-zarIra-bhogoM se vairAgya nahIM hotA, hitAhita viveka jAgrata nahIM hotA, pAramArthika hita kI bAta nahIM samajhatI aura samyagjJAna kI prApti bhI nahIM ho pAtI; jabaki Apatti-vipatti sukha-duHkha, deza-videza, ghara-bAhara, sabhI jagaha janma-jarA-mRtyu-nivAraka ekamAtra yaha samyagjJAna hI hamAre lie zaraNabhUta bandhu/mitra hotA hai| jagata ke sukha kA kAraNa bhI yahI hai ora mokSa-pradAtA bhI yahI hai| isI se manISiyoM ne satat svAdhyAya karate hue apane ajJAna ko dUra karane kI preraNA dI hai|37 'zruta' devavANI-jinavANI hai jo guruoM ke mAdhyama se hama taka AyI hai| ataH deva aura guruoM kI bhA~ti zruta bhI hamAre ArAdhya haiN| inakI ArAdhanA hetu AcArya bhagavantoM ne zAstroM meM isakI vidhi/maryAdAe~ sunizcita kI haiM, kAla aura akAla kI bhI vivecanA kI hai| kaba? kahA~? kaise? kyA? par3hanA-par3hAnA sunanA-sunAnA, vyAkhyAna karanA aadi| svAdhyAyakAla - ahorAtri meM cAra kAla svAdhyAya ke batalAye gaye haiM :(1) pUrvAhna kA svAdhyAyakAla - sUryodaya ke 48 miniTa ke bAda se madhyAhna ke 48 mi. pahale taka kAla pUrvAhna kA svAdhyAya kAla hai| (2) aparAhna kA svAdhyAyakAla - madhyAhna ke 48 miniTa ke bAda se sUryAsta ke 48 mi. pahale taka kA kAla 'aparAhna kA svAdhyAyakAla" kahalAtA hai| (3) pUrvarAtri kA svAdhyAyakAla - sUryAsta ke 48 miniTa bAda se ardharAtri ke 48 mi. pahale taka kA kAla 'pUrvarAtri kA svAdhyAyakAla' kahalAtA hai| (4) apara rAtrika svAdhyAyakAla - ardha rAtri ke 48 mi. bAda se sUryodaya ke 48 mi. pahale taka kA kAla "apararAtrika svAdhyAyakAla" kahalAtA hai| ina cAra kAloM meM yathAnukUla samaya nirdhArita kara zrutAbhyAsa karane kA vidhAna zAstroM meM pAyA jAtA hai| rAtri meM siddhAnta granthoM ke svAdhyAya kA pUrNa niSedha hai| asvAdhyAyakAla - uparyukta cAra sandhikAla asvAdhyAya ke kAla haiN| arthAt (1) sUryodaya ke 48 mi. pahale se 48 mi. bAda taka kA kaal| ise "gausarvika kAla" kahA jAtA hai| (2) madhyAhna ke 48 mi. pahale se 48 mi. bAda taka kA kaal| ise prAdeSika kAla kahate haiN| (3) sUryAsta ke 48 mi. se 48 mi. bAda taka kaal| ise bhI "prAdoSika kAla yA godhUli kAla" kahA jAtA hai aura cauthA(4) madhyarAtri ke 48 mi. pahale se 48 mi. bAda taka kA kaal| ise " vairAtrika kAla" kahA jAtA hai| - ina cAroM sandhikAloM meM svAdhyAya karanA niSiddha hai| ina kAloM meM tIrthakara bhagavAnoM kI divyadhvani khiratI hai| ataH ye cAroM sandhikAla svAdhyAya ke lie ucita nahIM hai| madhyAhna meM adhyayana/

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anekAnta 66/2, apraila-jUna 2013 (4) bhAvazuddhi - vaktA evaM zrotAoM meM krodhAdi saMkleza bhAvoM kA na honA bhAva-zuddhi hai| krodha-mAna-mAyA-lobha, IrSyA-asUyA Adi saMkleza pariNAmoM se bhAvoM meM vizuddhi aura citta meM sthiratA nahIM rhtii| svAdhyAya-kAla meM vaktA, zrotA donoM ke pariNAmoM meM vizuddhi tathA upazama bhAvoM kA honA Avazyaka hai| isake alAvA donoM ko hI khAna-pAna meM saMyama rakhanA bhI jarurI hai| ___ayogya dravyAdi meM svAdhyAya ke duSpariNAma - suyogya- zuddha dravya-kSetra-kAla- bhAva sadaiva suphl| iSTapariNAma dene vAle hote haiN| kyoMki ye vaktA zrotA ke antasthala taka prabhAvakArI hote haiN| zuddha dravyAdi meM mana kI ekAgratA aura vizuddhi adhika hotI hai| jisakA pratiphala bhI svAdhyAyI ko adhika milatA hai| isake viparIta jo sUnnArtha kI zikSA ke lobha meM zuddha dravyAdi kA dhyAna na rakhate hue ayogya kAlAdi meM svAdhyAya karate haiM, ve samyaktva kI virAdhanA (asamAdhi) karate haiN| ve ayogya kAlAdi ke prabhAva se rAgI hote haiM aura unake yahA~ kleza lar3AI-jhagar3e (kalaha) visaMvAda Adi hote hI rahate haiN| parva divasoM meM bhI svAdhyAya/ adhyayana vighnakArI, kalahakArI, vidyA upavAsa vidhi kA vighAtaka tathA guru-ziSya kA viyogakArI hotA hai| mUlArAdhanA meM kahA gayA hai ki cAra prakAra ke sUtra (gaNadhara-pratyekabuddha- zrutakevalI aura abhinna dasapUrvI dvArA kathita sUtra) kAlAdi kI zuddhi ke binA saMyamiyoM aura AryikAoM ko nahIM par3hanA caahie| paThanIya - inake alAvA anya grantha par3he jA sakate haiN| jaise- cAroM ArAdhanAoM ke svarUpa- pratipAdaka grantha, satraha prakAra ke maraNoM kA varNana karane vAle grantha, stotra-pAThAdi ke grantha, AhAratyAga ke upadezakArI grantha, SaDAvazyaka pratipAdaka zAstra aura mahApuruSoM ke caritra ke pratipAdaka grantha kAlazuddhi Adi ke binA bhI par3he jA sakate haiN| astu siddhAntazAstroM meM isI taraha se kAlAdizuddhi kA vidhAna varNita hai| svAdhyAya kApratiSThApana aura niSThApana - zubha dhyAna aura saMvara-nirjarA meM kAraNabhUta svAdhyAya antaraMga tapoM meM uttama tapa hai| yaha svAdhyAyI ko susaMskArI bhI banAtA hai| jainazAstroM meM zramaNa aura zrAvaka donoM ko hI vidhipUrvaka svAdhyAya karane kI preraNA AcArya bhagavantoM ne dI hai| zrI dhavalA pustaka 9 meM kahA hai ki svAdhyAya kA pratiSThApana (prAraMbha) dina aura rAta kI cAroM belAoM (pUrvAhna aparAhna pUrvarAtrika apara rAtrika) meM hAtha-pairoM kI zuddhi, kSetrazuddhi, digvibhAgoM kI zuddhi karake vizuddha prazAnta mana aura upazAnta bhAvoM ke sAtha prAsuka sthAna meM baiThakara bAjU, kAMkha, paira Adi aMgoM kA sparza na karate hue laghu zruta bhakti aura AcArya bhakti kA pATha karake karanA caahie| isake bAda eka nizcita samaya taka pUrNamanoyoga se yatnapUrvaka adhyayana karake laghu zruta bhakti ke pATha ke sAtha isakA niSThApana (samApana) karanA caahie| svAdhyAya meM jJAnAcAra ke ATha aMgoM kA paripAlana bhI avazya honA caahie| isa taraha vidhi ora maryAdApUrvaka kiyA gayA svAdhyAya hI kAryakArI- iSTa phaladAyI hotA hai| digvibhAga kI zuddhi - zrI mUlAcAra- (gAthA 273) meM kahA gayA hai 6- ki pUrvAhna, aparAhna aura pradoSa kAloM ke svAdhyAya karane meM dizAoM ke vibhAgoM kI zuddhi ke lie nau,

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anekAnta 66/2, apraila-jUna 2013 (4) bahumAnAcAra - zAstroM meM jo jaise pratipAdana hai, usakA vaisA hI uccAraNa karate hue svayaM par3hanA aura anyoM ko bhI par3hAnA tathA zAstroM kI/guruoM kI/ AcAryoM kI/munirAjoM kI bhI AsAdanA nahIM karanA, unheM Adara-sUcaka vacanoM se bahumAna karate hue bolanA yahI bahumAnAcAra (zuddhi) hai| (5) anivAcAra - mUlAcAra meM kahA hai52 - jisa guru se zAstra ko par3hA-samajhA hai, unakA nAma na chipAnA "anihnavAcAra" hai| jo apane guru kA nAma chipAkara kahate haiM ki "yaha zAstra hamane svayaM par3hakara jAnA-samajhA hai" ve zAstrAnihnava aura guru-nihnava doSa ke bhAgI hote haiN| jinase mahAna karmabandha hotA hai| ataH guru kA nAma nahIM chipAnA caahie| (6) vyaMjanAcAra (7) arthAcAra (8) tadubhayAcAra53 - zAstroM ke akSara-vAkya-padoM ko zuddha par3hanA-zuddha-uccAraNa karanA vyaMjanAcAra (zuddhi) hai una sUtroM/zAstroM/ akSara-pada-vAkyoM kA artha bhI zuddha samajhanA- arthAcAra (arthazuddhi) hai aura inheM zuddha par3hanA aura zuddha artha karanAsamajhAnA-tadunayAcAra (zabda aura artha kI zuddhi) hai| zAstroM ko ina zuddhiyoM pUrvaka par3hane-par3hAne se jJAna vizuddha ho jAtA hai| zuddhiyoM pUrvaka par3hA gayA zAstra pramAdavaza vismRta ho jAne para bhI vaha anya janma meM smaraNa A jAtA hai au kevalajJAna karAne meM bhI nimitta banatA hai| ataH kAlAdi kI zuddhipUrvaka hI zAstroM kA svAdhyAya karanA caahie|54 vaktA evaM zrotA - jainazAstroM meM vaktA evaM zrotAoM ke guNoM/yogyatAoM kA bhI ullekha kiyA gayA hai| tadanusAra vaktA/vyAkhyAtA ko zabdazAstra evaM viSaya-marmajJa, vinamra nirlobhI, nyAyavRtti vAlA, khyAti-lAbha-pUjAdi kI cAha se nirapekSa, svapara-hita kI bhAvanA vAlA, santoSI, dezakAla kI paristhiti kA jJAtA, zrotAoM kI yogyatAoM/ kSamatAoM ko samajhane vAlA, prazna-sahiSNu, vAtsalyamayI, kSamAzIla, mRdubhASI, jinazraddhAnI tathA sAttvika AhAra vihArI honA caahie| zrotAoM ko bhI jina vacanoM kA zraddhAnI, tattvajijJAsu, nizcchala, vinamra, vyasanamukta, aSTamUlaguNa-pAlaka, SaDAvazyaka kartavyoM kA kartA, nirmala upayoga aura nyAyavRtti vAlA, kSamAzIla, santoSI, sarala, sAttvika AhArI aura sadAcArI honA caahie| upasaMhAra- zrI dhavalA pu. 9 meM6 zruta ke mAhAtmya ko darzAte hue isake satata svAdhyAya kI preraNA dI gaI hai-"jinavacana/jainAgama ajJAnavinAzaka, mohanAzaka, karma-mArjaka, bhavyAtmAoM ko AhlAdakArI aura mukti patha-pradarzaka haiN| ataH inheM khUba bhjo|" astu zrutatIrtha kI mokSamArga kI zramaNa parampA akSuNNa banI rahe, jainadharma pravarthamAna rahe, zramaNa saMskRti kAyama rahe-etadartha caturvidha saMgha meM satata zrutAbhyAsa kI paramparA sudRr3ha banI rahanI caahie|aagm-jnyaan ke abhAva meM zithilAcAra panapatA aura bar3hatA hai, bhrAntiyA~ phailatI haiM, mithyA mAnyatAoM kA poSaNa hotA hai, samAja meM vighaTana hotA hai| ataH jJAnArjana hetu Aja niyamita svAdhyAya kI/ zAstra sabhAoM kI/tattvagoSThiyoM meM carcAoM kI/seminAroM aura vAcanAoM kI/zikSaNa-prazikSaNa ziviroM ke AyojanoM kI mahatI AvazyakatA hai| cAroM anuyogoM ke rUpa meM vipula sAhitya Aja hameM upalabdha hai| use yogyakAla meM bhaktibhAva se khUba pddh'o-pddh'aao|

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25. anekAnta 66/2, apraila-jUna 2013 'jiNavayaNamoSaNamiNaM visayasuha-vireyaNaM 37. 'jJAna samAna na Ana jagata meM sukha ko amidbhuudN| kaarn| iha paramAmRta jara-maraNa-vAhi-haraNaM khayakaraNaM janma-jarA-mRta-roga-nivArana" svvdukkhaannN||17|| -daMsaNapAhuDa (chahaDhAlA-daulatarAma) 'pavayaNasArabbhAsaM paramappAjjhANa-kAraNaM 38. bhagavatI ArAdhanA - 2052/1784 jaannN| 39. dhavalA - 9/4, 1, 54, 110, 107, 108, kammakkhavaNa-NimittaM kammakkhaNe hi 113, 114 mokkhasokkhaM hi||91|| rayaNasAra 40. mUlAcAra - 274-275 27. jiNasatthAdo ache paccakkhA dIhiM bujjhado 41. 'rudhiAdi-pUya-maMsaM, davve khatte nniymaa| sd-haath-primaannN| khIyadi mohovacayo tamhA satthaM - krodhAdi-saMkilesA, bhAva-visohI samadhidavvaM / / 86 / / - pravacanasAra pddhnn-kaale||276|| - mUlAcAra 28. 'devapUjA gurupAsti svAdhyAyaH saMyamastapaH - dhavalA - 9/4, 1, 99, 100, 101, 102, dAnaM ceti gRhasthAnoM SaT karmANi 105, 106 dine-dine| 42. dhavalA - 9/4,1,54/119 29. jJAna-dhyAna-tapo raktaH tapasvI sa 43. mUlArAdhanA - 277-279 / prshsyte||10|| ratnakaraNDakazrAvakAcAra 44. ettha vakkhANase hiM saNaMtehiM vi 30. 'svAdhyAyAj-jAyate jJAnaM davva-khotta-kAla-bhAva-su ddhIhi jnyaantttvaarthsNgrhH| vakkhANa-paDhaNa vAvAro kAyavvo tattvArthasaMgrahodeva zraddhAnaM ttr|| dhavalA pu.9 pR. 253 tttvgocrm||20|| siddhAntasAra 45. dhavalA-9/4,1107,108 31. upadezamAlA - 338-339 / 46. Nava-satta-paMca-gAhA-parimANaM 32. "NiDulaM viulaM zuddhaM NikAcidamaNuttaraM ca disivibhaagsohiie|| svvhidN| puvvahne avarahne pradosakAle ya jiNavayaNaM kalusaharaM aho ya rattI ya sjjhaae||273|| - mUlAcAra paDhidavvaM ||18||bh0 ArAdhanA 47. mUlAcAra gAthA 267,268 33. 'svAdhyAyAnmA pramaditavyam' 48. mUlAcAra - gAthA 266 pR. 222 / 34. 'sajjhAe vA niuteNaM 49. mUlAcAra - 281, pRSTha- 238 savvadukkhavimokkhaNe' 50. mUlAcAra-gAthA 282 35. dhavalA-9/4,1,1/3/1, - 9/5,5,5, 51. vahI-28 50/281/3, - 1/1, 1, 1/56/3 52. vahI-gAthA-284 36. 'zAntisudhA barasAvai jinavANI, vastusvarUpa 53. mUlAcAra - gAthA 285 ? batAye jinvaannii||' 54. vahI, gA. 286 -ajJAnatimiraM hanti, vidyA 55. praznottara saMgraha bha.2 pRSTha 30-32 bhu-vikaasinii'| 56. dhavalA - 1/1 gAthA 50 evaM 51 - kAnUnago vArDa, kuvAM vAlI bAkhara, bInA-470113 (madhyapradeza)

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anekAnta 66/2, apraila-jUna 2013 bhagavAna RSabhadeva ke pazcAt eka lambe samaya taka prakRti meM paryAvaraNa saMtulana kI sthiti banI rhii| 42 pAristhitikI taMtra - paristhitikI taMtra ke aMtargata prakRti ke vibhinna ghaTakoM kA unake utpatti sthAna athavA nivAsa ke aMtargata hI adhyayana kiyA jAtA hai| ohama (1963) nAmaka vaijJAnika ne isakI paribhASA dete huye kahA ki yaha samasta jIvoM kA ApasI (paraspara) evaM unake AsapAsa maujUda ajaivika padArthoM se sambandha hI hai| unhoMne kahA ki jaivika evaM ajaivika ghaTakoM meM satata rUpa se vibhinna padArthoM kA AdAna-pradAna calatA rahatA hai jise ki 'padArthoM kA cakraNa' kahA jAtA hai| yadi paryAvaraNa ke vibhinna saMghaTaka vyavasthita rUpa meM hoM taba vahA~ kA pAristhitikI taMtra sudRr3ha hotA hai| avyavasthita hone para yahI avayava samUce paryAvaraNa ko anupayogI evaM pradUSaNa yukta banA dete haiN| jaina dharma ke siddhAnta - sabase pahilA evaM pramukha jaina siddhAnta "ahiMsA" kA pAlana karanA hai| sabase mukhya bAta yaha hai ki jaina dharma meM bar3e jIvoM kI ahiMsA ke sAtha sUkSmatama nigodiyA jaise jIvoM ke saMrakSaNa ko bhI pramukha karttavya batAyA gayA hai| Adhunika vaijJAnika khojoM se bhI siddha ho gayA hai ki vaikTIriyA jaise sUkSmatama evaM adRzya jIvoM ko prakRti kI vibhinna kriyAvidhiyoM ke saMcAlana meM mahatI bhUmikA hotI hai| jamIna kI urvarAzakti bar3hAne, vAtAvaraNa kI nAiTrojana ko proTIna jaise tatvoM meM parivartita karane, vizAla vRkSoM kI jar3oM meM rahakara unakI vRddhi meM sahAyaka hone, aneka prakAra kI jIvana rakSaka davAoM ke nirmANa, dugdha udyoga Adi meM ina vaikTIriyA kI mahatI AvazyakatA hotI hai| isI prakAra aneka prakAra kI sUkSma phaphUMdiyAM bhI prakRti kI aneka kriyAvidhiyoM meM pramukha bhUmikA nibhAtI haiN| AMkar3oM ke anusAra isa pRthvI para lagabhaga 13-14 miliyana (1 miliyana dasa lAkha) prajAtiyoM ke jIva maujUda haiN| yaha svayaM ke paristhitikItaMtra meM rahakara hI apanA samucita jIvana yApana kara sakate haiN| thor3A sA bhI parivartana ina jIvoM ko saMkaTa meM DAlane ke liye kAphI hotA hai| udAharaNa ke taura para vartamAna meM ho rahe "globala vArmiMga" ke kAraNa hajAroM jalIya evaM sthalIya pazu-pakSiyoM kA jIvana saMkaTApanna sthiti meM A gayA hai| "parigraha" ko jaina dharma meM pAparUpa mAnA gayA hai| yahAM parigraha kA artha hai ki AvazyakatA se adhika vastuoM kA saMgrahaNa athavA upayoga karanA / vAstava meM jainadharma kA yaha siddhAnta hI isa prakRti ke vinAza ko kAphI hada taka bacA sakatA hai| AvazyakatA se adhika saMgrahaNa ke kAraNa hI vanoM kA vinAza evaM pradUSaNa jaisI samasyAyeM utpanna huI haiN| jainadharma to zrAvakoM ko parigraha maryAdA ke pAlana kA upadeza sarvaprathama hI detA hai|

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44 anekAnta 66/2, apraila-jUna 2013 vanaspatiyoM meM kIr3e evaM anya sUkSma jIvoM kI bahulatA rahatI hai| cUMki vanaspatiyAM zaizava avasthA meM hotI haiM ataH unameM kaI prakAra ke aparipakva rasAyanika tatva hote haiM jo ki sevana karane para hAnikAraka ho sakate haiN| ataH pratyeka dRSTikoNa se ukta mAha meM vanaspatiyoM kA sevana hAnikara hai| rAtri bhojana - vartamAna meM vaijJAnikoM ne siddha kara diyA hai ki sUryAsta hote hI vAtAvaraNa aneka prakAra ke sUkSma jIvoM kI utpatti ho jAtI hai| inameM kucha vizeSa prakAra kI phaphUMda evaM vaikTIriyA pramukha haiM jo ki svAsthya ke liye hAnikAraka hote haiN| ukta udAharaNa to alpamAtra hai| agara samUce jainadharma ke siddhAntoM kA avalokana kareM to pAte haiM ki vahA~ hara kadama para paryAvaraNa saMrakSaNa para vicAra kiyA gayA hai eva sukhI jIvana yApana hetu ucita evaM pApa rahita niyama batAye gaye haiN| jaina sAdhu to vAstava paryAvaraNa saMrakSaNa ke mahAn pratIka haiN| jinake kisI bhI kriyA-kalApoM se paryAvaraNa kA koI bhI siddhAnta naSTa nahIM hotA hai| - vAnaspatikI adhyayanazAlA, jIvAjI vizvavidyAlaya, gvAliyara-474011 (ma.pra.)

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46 anekAnta 66/2, apraila-jUna 2013 vyavahAra abhUtArtha hai arthAt vizeSatA ko dRSTi meM rakhakara viSamatA ko paidA karane vAlA hai kintu zuddhanaya bhUtArtha hai kyoMki vaha samatA ko apanAkara ekatva ko lAtA hai| samatA ko apanAkara hI samyagdRSTi arthAt samIcInatayA dekhane vAlA hotA hai| yahA~ bhUta kA artha-sat (vidyamAna) hai aura abhUta kA artha asat- (avidyamAna) hai athavA bhUta kA artha satya-vAstavika au abhUta kA artha asatya-avAstavika hai| aise sat-vidyamAna aura satya padArtha bhUtArtha hai, unako jAnane vAlA naya kI bhUtArtha hai, usI prakAra se asat-avidyamAna athavA asatya-padArtha abhUtArtha haiM, unako grahaNa karane vAlA naya bhI abhUtArtha hai| guNa-guNI meM bheda karane vAlA vyavahAra hotA hai aura abheda karane vAlA nizcaya hotA hai| jahA~ taka guNa-guNI meM bheda hai, vahAM taka abhUtArtha saMjJA hai aura jahAM se abheda prakaTa hotI hai vahA~ para bhUtArtha hai| kyoMki zuddhanaya to abheda mAtra ko hI viSaya karatA hai ataH usakI dRSTi meM zuddha guNoM ke bheda bhI asat-avidyamAna yA asatya hI hai| isI viSaya ko spaSTa karate hue dezanAkAra AcArya zrI vizuddhasAgara mahArAja kahate haiM ki AcArya zrI kundakunda deva nizcaya ko hI bhUtArtha kahanA cAhate haiM, vibhAva abhUtArtha hai| jo usa nizcaya bhUtArtha ko svIkAratA hai, vaha samyagdRSTi hai| dezanAkAra laukika udAharaNa ke dvArA samajhAte haiM ki jisakA anAdikAla se sevana kiyA ho, usakA usa para rAga hotA hai jarA bhI nizcaya kI pradhAnatA se kathana huA to jIva ghabar3Ane lagatA hai ki vyavahAra kA lopa ho jaayegaa| lopa kisI kA hotA hI nahIM hai| vibhAva hai, thA, rhegaa| lekina satyArtha nahIM hai eka jIva kI apekSA kathana nahIM kiyA hai| sAmAnya apekSA kathana hai| mithyAtva hai, thA, rhegaa| isI prakAra samyaktva hai, thA, rhegaa| mithyAtva kA vinAza hI to samyaktva hai| yadi mithyAtva nahIM hotA to saMsAra nahIM rahatA, kuliMgI na dikhate, jinaliMga meM dIkSita hone ke uparAnta bhI nAnA pariNAma buddhi meM cala hare haiM yaha kyA samyaktvapanA hai, jo aneka-aneka apanI-apanI AmnAya calA baitthe| yahA~ pravacana meM muniyoM ko sAvadhAna karane kA bhAva dikha rahA hai| samyaktva kA abhAva hI mithyAtva hai| yadi samyagdRSTi jIva dikha rahe haiM, ve mithyAtva kI sUcanA de rahe haiM aura jo mithyAdRSTi dikha rahe haiM ve samyagdRSTi kI sUcanA de rahe haiN| arpitAnarpitasiddheH" eka arpita to eka anrpit| vyavahAra jo hai, abhUtArtha hai aura jo nizcaya hai, vaha bhUtArtha hai| vibhAva abhUtArtha kyoM hai? nizcaya kI apekSA se vyavahAra abhUtArtha hai, parantu vyavahAra apekSA se nizcayabhUtArtha hai| vyavahAra meM nizcaya ko abheda karA doge to vaha nizcaya nahIM abhUtArtha ho jaayegaa| yahA~ para AcArya zrI amRtacandrasUri ke amRtakalaza ke eka kalaza ko prastuta kara samajhAte hue dezanAkAra kahate haiM- aho jJAnI! miTTI kA ghaTa hai, parantu ghaTa ghI kA kahA jAtA hai ghRtakumbhAbhidhAne'pi kumbho ghRtamayo na cet| javovarNAdibhyajjIvo jalpane'pi na tnmyH|| loka meM ghRta ke rakhane ke kAraNa miTTI ke ghar3e ko bhI ghI kA ghar3A hai" aisA usameM vyavahAra karate haiM, para vaha apekSita kathana hai, paramArtha aisA nahIM hai| paramArtha se vaha miTTI kA hI ghar3A hai| isI prakAra zarIrastha hone se jIva kAlA-gorA yA ekendriya-nara nAraka kahA jAtA hai, para dravya bheda se dekho to jIva to isa pudgala prakRti se bhinna caitanyasvarUpa hai, vaha varNadi

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anekAnta 66/2, apraila-jUna 2013 isa bhUtArtha aura abhUtArtha ke samajhAne meM AcArya zrI vizuddhasAgara mahArAja kI prajJA vilakSaNa hai, unhoMne AcArya zrI kundakundadeva kI gAthA bhUyattheNAbhigadA jIvA jIvA ya puNapAvaM c|| AsavasaMvaraNijjara baMdho mokkho ya smmttN||3||smysaar|| kA bhAva spaSTa karate hue samajhAyA hai ki vahI dravya bhUtArtha hai vahI abhUtArtha bhI hai aura yugapat vyavahAra dRSTi se bhI laukika kAryoM meM bhI eka hI dravya bhUtArtha bhI hotA hai, abhUtArtha bhI hotA hai| isako eka laukika udAharaNa ke mAdhyama se samajhA jA sakatA hai| jaise kisI ko bhUkha lagI hai, to usako bhojana bhUtArtha hai, yadi usakA upavAsa hai, to use vahI bhojana abhUtArtha hai| aise hI AtmA jaba azubha bhAva meM pariNamana kare to abhUtArtha hai aura vahI AtmA zubhabhAva meM pariNamana kare to bhUtArtha hai| jaba AtmA kI pariNati svabhAva abhimukha ho jAya to bhUtArtha hai aura svabhAva se vimukha ho jAya to abhUtArtha hai| yahA~ dezanAkAra dvArA zubhabhAva meM pariNata AtmA ko bhI bhUtArtha kahA hai, jo yukti sammata pratIta nahIM hotA hai kyoMki AcArya zrI kundakunda deva kA bhAva to svabhAva meM pariNata AtmA ko bhUtArtha kahanA pratIta hotA hai| AcArya varya aura adhika spaSTa karate hue kahate haiM ki vyavahAranaya abhUtArtha hai aura bhUtArtha bhI hai| kevala vyavahAra hI bhUtArtha abhUtArtha nahIM hai zuddha nizcayanaya bhI bhUtArtha bhI hai, abhUtArtha bhI hai| yaha samajha meM A jAya to visaMvAda samApta ho jaaye| visaMvAda kyoM ho rahA hai? eka naya se kaha dete haiM ki vyavahAra to abhUtArtha hI hai, nizcaya bhUtArtha hI hai| nahIM, nizcaya to nizcayanaya kI apekSA se bhUtAtha hI hai, vyavahAra kI apekSA se nizcaya abhUtArtha hai, nizcaya kI apekSA se vyavahAra abhUtArtha hai| vyavahAra to vyavahAra kI apekSA se bhUtArtha hI hai| kyoM hai? jo vyavahAra vyavahAra grahaNa kara rahA hai, use nizcaya grahaNa nahIM krtaa| eka udAharaNa isa prakAra samajhAyA hai ki roTI to roTI hai, pur3I to pur3I hai, donoM gehU~ ke ATe rUpa dravya se banI hai, para donoM kI paryAya kI pratyAsati bhinna-bhinna hai| donoM ke svAda kI bhI bhinnatA hai| jisako pur3I rucatI hai usake lie roTI abhUtArtha hai aura jisako roTI rucatI hai usako pur3I abhUtArtha hai| jisakI yogyatA nizcaya meM hai nahIM, usake lie vyavahAra hI bhUtArtha hai| jo zuddhAtmA ko jAnane kI yogyatA nahIM rakhate unheM deva-zAstra-guru kI pUjA karanA mithyAtva se bacanA bhUtArtha hai| lekina jaise maleccha ke lie svasti zabda abhUtArtha hai usI prakAra jisane zuddhAtmA ko nahIM samajhA use nizcaya abhUtArtha hai| parantu paramazuddhopayogI jJAnI ke lie bhUtArtha hai| isa bhUtArtha-abhUtArtha dRSTi ko AcArya amRtacandra deva aura AcArya jayasena to khulAsA kiyA hI hai, AcArya zrI vizuddhasAgara mahArAja ne laukika udAharaNoM se samajhanA AsAna kara diyA bhUtArthadRSTi bhUtArthanaya-nizcaya naya kA Azraya lene vAle kI hotI hai| nizcayanaya kI vivakSA se samyaktva kA svarUpa batalAne ke lie hI AcArya kundakundadeva ne kahA hai bhUyattheNAbhigadA jIvA jIvA ya puNNa-pAvaM c| Asava-saMvara-Nijjara-baMdho mokkho ya smmttN||

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50 anekAnta 66/2, apraila-jUna 2013 usakI ye saba avasthAeM satyArtha hai, inakA abhAva nahIM hai, tathApi ve avasthAeM karma nimittavikArI paryAyeM haiM ataH jIva ke svabhAva rUpa nahIM hai| jaba jIva dravyakarma, bhAvakarma, nokarma rahita hogA, taba vaha zuddha pariNamana svarUpa khlaayegaa| hA~, nizcayanaya kA avalambana lenA uttama hai jaise bAdAma kA haluA uttama hai kintu jise motIjharA (jvara) huA ho aura usase usakI lIvara bigar3a gayA ho, use kuzala vaidya mUMga kI dAla kA pAnI hI pIne ko kahegA bAdAma kA haluA nhiiN| usI prakAra sAmAnya anagAra muni sthavirakalapI muni taka puruSa isa jvara ke rogI ke samAna hai, unake lie pathya rUpa meM adhyAtma bhAvanA kA ciMtana hI upayogI hai balki jvaranAzaka jinabhakti guru upAsanA hI auSadhi hai| pazcAt jinakalapI muni hone para uttama saMhanana kI prApti hone para nirvikalpa dhyAna rUpa zukladhyAna meM sthira hone kI sAmarthya A jAne se zuddhanaya kA Azraya lekara vItarAga samyagdRSTi bana jAte haiN| - isa prakAra samyaktva ke svarUpa kA Azraya lekara AcAryoM ne vyavahAra ko abhUtArtha aura bhUtArtha lekara AcAryoM ne vyavahAra ko abhUtArtha aura bhUtArthaM siddha kiyA to nizcaya ko bhUtArtha aura abhUtArtha batAyA kevala apekSA ke Azraya se hI yaha bhUtArtha aura abhUtArtha dRSTi kA parijJAna ho sakatA hai| saMdarbha : 1. samayasAra gAthA - 11 2. samayasAra - AryikA jJAnamatI mAtAjI, prathama bhAga, pRSTha-57 3. vahI 4. samayadezanA, pRSTha- 162, prathama bhAga 5. tattvArthasUtra 5/32 6. adhyAtma amRta kalaza 40 7. samayadezanA prathama bhAga, pRSTha- 164 8. samayasAra TIkA - bra. zItalaprasAda, pR. 12 9. samapadezanA, pRSTha- 202 - adhyakSa, saMskRta vibhAga, di. jaina kaoNlija, bar3auta jilA bAgapata (uttarapradeza) 250611

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52 anekAnta 66/2, apraila-jUna 2013 satya (Absolute Truth) kA anubhava kiyaa| Atmika aura bauddhika ciMtana vartamAna vijJAna meM Thought Experiment ke nAma se jAne jAte haiM, jisakA prayoga kara AInsTAIna ne sApekSatA ke siddhAnta kI puSTi kii| unnIsavIM aura bIsavIM zatAbdi meM vaijJAnikoM ne mahAvIra dvArA pratipAdita siddhAntoM kI punaH khoja kI aura AInsTIna, bohara, hAyajhena barga, maiksa bArna, DIbolI jaise aneka vaijJAnika I0 san 1985 ke bAda nobala puraskAra se sammAnita kiye gye| jinavANI meM sat kA pratipAdana hai aura yahI 'sat' Aja kA vijJAna hai| digambara aura zvetAmbara sampradAyoM meM saiddhAntika aura vaicArika matabheda nahIM hai| matabheda hai AcAra saMhitA meN| yadi jinavANI ko vijJAna ke Aloka meM grahaNa kiyA jAya to donoM sampradAyoM ke vicAra-AcAra meM maitakya sthApita ho sakatA hai| jinavANI ke vaijJAnika svarUpa kA paricaya isa vyAkhyAna meM diyA gayA hai| bhagavAna mahAvIra kI vaijJAnikatA ina tathyoM se siddha hotI hai - 1) AkAza, loka aura aloka kI jaina mAnyatA evaM vaijJAnikoM dvArA pratipAdita kramazaH Cosmic Space Observable Space aura Empty Space meM pUrNa samAnatA hai| dravya sattA, dravyoM kI nityatA, anityatA, guNa-lakSaNa dravyoM kA paramANu aura pradeza svarUpa, skandha, skandha nirmANa ke niyama Adi viSayoM para bhI donoM meM maitakya hai| paramANu aura cetana tatva jIva-ajIva padArthoM kA nirmANa 'utpAda-vyaya-dhrauvya' siddhAnta ke anusAra vaise hI karate haiM jaise Atom aura Energy vijJAna ke Law of Conservation of Mass and Energy ke aMtargata karate haiN| 4) dravyoM ke astikAya, paramANu aura pradeza svarUpa kA kathana kara bhagavAna mahAvIra ne Dual Nature of Matter kA siddhAnta aura kvAMTama thyaurI kI nIMva rakha dii| 5) mahAvIra kA paramANu vijJAna kA 'kvAMTA' hai, aSTasparzI paramANu eTama hai aura cartusparzI kArmaNa paramANu vijJAna kA phonAna (Phonon) hai| skaMdha nirmANa kA 'paramANu-paramANu' baMdha aura jIva utpatti kA 'paramANu-pradeza' baMdha vaijJAnika avadhAraNA se bhinna nahIM hai| 7) bhagavAna mahAvIra ne janma aura mRtyu kI prakriyA jIva-vijJAna kI avadhAraNA ke anurUpa prastuta kI hai|

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rAtribhojana niSedha kA vaijJAnika evaM ArogyamUlaka vizleSaNa prAcArya paM. nihAlacaMda jaina zrAvaka ho yA sAdhu, donoM ko hI vratoM kI rakSA ke lie anastamita arthAt divA bhojana nAmaka vrata kA pAlana karanA Avazyaka hai| tyAga pUrvaka vratAcaraNa meM jIvana vyatIta karane vAlA zrAvaka hI buddhimAna hai| rAtri meM bhojana karane vAloM ke anivArya rUpa se hiMsA hotI hai| atyAga meM rAgabhAva ke udaya kI utkRSTatA hotI hai| kRtrima prakAza meM sUkSma jIvoM kI aura adhika utpatti ho jAtI hai, jo bhojya padArthoM meM anivArya rUpa se mila jAte haiN| aharniza bhojI puruSa rAga kI adhikatA ke kAraNa avazya hiMsA karatA hai| chaThI pratimA rAtri bhukti tyAgI kI hotI hai jisameM zrAvaka-anna, pAna, svAdya aura leha ina cAroM prakAra ke AhAra ko grahaNa nahIM karatA hai| zrAvaka kI pahacAna tIna bAtoM se haiM- devadarzana, svaccha vastra se jala chAnakara pInA aura raatri-bhojn-tyaag| zrAvaka dvArA vratoM ke pAlana karane kA mUla uddezya hotA hai, ahiMsA dharma kI rakSA krnaa| sAgAra (zrAvaka) ho athavA anagAra (sAdhu) donoM ko hI vratoM kI rakSA ke lie anastamita arthAta divA bhojana nAmaka vrata kA pAlana karanA Avazyaka hai| sAgAre vA'nagAre vaa'nstmitmnnuvrtm| samastavrata rakSArtha svara vyaMjana bhASitam / / saMsAra meM vahI zrAvaka hai, vahI vratI aura buddhimAna hai jo tyAgapUrvaka vratAcaraNa meM jIvana vyatIta karatA hai| zrAvaka ke mUla guNoM meM sthUla rUpa se rAtri bhojana kA tyAga karanA, anubhava aura Agama se siddha hai| zrAvaka ke vratoM kA ArohaNa uttarottara gyAraha pratimAo ke anupAlana karane meM hai| vratoM meM praveza rAtri bhojana niSedha se hI prApta hotA hai| prathama dArzanika pratimA meM annAdika sthUla bhojanoM kA tyAga kahA hai aura isameM rAtri ko auSadhi rUpa jala Adi grahaNa kiyA jA sakatA hai| niSiddhamannamAtrAdi sthUla bhojyaM vrate dRshH| na niSiddhaM jalAdyanna tAmbUlAdyapi vA nishi| vastutaH pahalI pratimA ko dhAraNa karane vAlA zrAvaka avratI hai| isalie vaha pAkSika zrAvaka kahalAtA hai| kyoMki vaha vratoM ko dhAraNa karane ke pakSa meM rahatA hai| rAtri bhojana

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anekAnta 66/2, apraila-jUna 2013 bhojana pakate samaya bhojya kI gaMdha vAyu meM phailatI hai, usa vAyu ke kAraNa una pAtroM meM aneka jIva Akara par3ate haiN| ataH dayAdharma pAlana karane vAle puruSoM ko, rAtri bhojana ko viSa mile anna ke samAna mAnakara sadA ke lie tyAga kara denA caahie| rAtri bhojana ke pApa se manuSya nIca kuloM meM daridrI ke rUpa meM utpanna hotA hai| usa pApa se aneka doSoM se paripUrNa rAga dveSa se aMdhI, zIla rahita, kurUpiNI aura dukha dene vAlI strI milatI hai| bure vyasanoM meM raMge hue putra aura kleza dene vAle bhAI bandhu milate haiN| vaha bhava-bhava meM daridrI, kurUpa, laMgar3A, kuzIlI, apakIrti phailAne vAlA, bure vyasanoM ko sevana karane vAlA, alpAyu vAlA, aMga-bhaMga zarIra vAlA, durgatiyoM meM jAne vAlA, kumArga mAgI aura niMdya hotA hai| ataH rAtri meM AhAra kA tyAga kara dene se vaha apanI iMdriyoM ko vazIbhUta karake saMyamI banatA hai| 7. jo puruSa sUrya ke asta ho jAne para bhojana karate haiM, una puruSoM ko sUrya drohI samajhanA caahie| jaisA ki dharma saMgraha zrAvakAcAra meM kahA gayA hai - yo mitre'staMgate rakte vidadhyAbhojanaM jn| tad drohI sa bhavatpApaH shvsyopricaashnm||26|| rAtri bhojana niSedhaH vaijJAnika dRSTikoNa - sUrya prakAza pAcana zakti kA dAtA hai| jinakI pAcana zakti kamajora par3a jAtI hai, usake lie DaoNkTara kI yahI salAha hai ki vaha dina meM halkA bhojana kreN| usake lie rAtri meM bhojana karane kA niSedha kiyA jAtA hai| rAtri ke samaya hRdaya aura nAbhi kamala saMkucita ho jAne se bhukta padArtha kA pAcana gar3abar3a ho jAtA hai| bhojana karake so jAne para vaha kamala aura bhI saMkucita ho jAtA hai aura nidrA meM A jAne se pAcana zakti ghaTa jAtI hai| Arogya zAstra meM bhojana karane ke bAda tIna ghaMTe taka nahIM sonA caahie| sUrya ke prakAza meM nIle AkAza ke raMga meM sUkSma kITANu svataH naSTa ho jAte haiN| rAtri meM kRtrima prakAza jitanA teja hotA hai usI anupAta meM sUkSma jIvoM kI utpatti utanI hI adhika hotI hai jo bhojana meM gira jAte haiM jisase hiMsA kA pApa to lagatA hI hai sAtha hI aneka asAdhya roga peTa meM utpanna ho jAte haiN| sUrya ke prakAza meM alTrAvAyaleTa kiraNe evaM avarakta lAla kiraNeM hotI haiN| jisa prakAra eksa-re mAMsa aura carma ko pAra kara jAtI haiM usI prakAra ukta donoM prakAra kI kiraNeM kITANuoM ke bhItara praveza kara unheM naSTa karane kI zakti rakhatI haiN| yahI kAraNa haiM ki dina meM sUkSma jIvoM kI utpatti nahIM hotI hai| ukta donoM prakAra kI kiraNeM sUrya ke dRzya prakAza ke sAtha rahatI haiN| jaisA ki hama jAnate haiM ki oNksIjana prANa vAyu hotI hai zvAsa lene meM lAbhakArI aura upayogI hai tathA kArbanika gaiseM hAnikAraka hotI haiM, vRkSa dina meM prakAza saMzleSaNa kI kriyA meM kArbonika gaisoM kA avazoSaNa karake oNksIjana gaisa kA utsarjana karate rahate haiN| isa prakAra dina meM paryAvaraNa zuddha aura svasthyakara rahatA hai jabaki rAtri meM vRkSa kArbonika gaisoM ko

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anekAnta 66/2, apraila-jUna 2013 vAstavika sUrya DUba jAne ke bAda bhI do ghar3I yA 48 minaTa taka usakA AbhAsI pratibiMba AkAza meM dikhAI detA rahatA hai| sUrya ke isa AbhAsI pratibiMba meM dRzya kiraNoM ke sAtha avarakta lAla kiraNe evaM alTrA vAyaleTa kiraNeM nahIM hotI hai| ve kevala sUryodaya ke 48 minaTa bAda AtI haiM aura sUryAsta ke 48 minaTa pUrva hI samApta ho jAtI haiN| ukta kAraNa se do ghar3I sUryodaya ke pazcAt bhojana karane kA vidhAna sunizcita kiyA gayA hai| isI prakAra vaiSNava dharma meM sUrya grahaNa ke kAla meM bhojana karane kA niSedha kiyA gayA hai, isakA bhI vaijJAnika pahalU hai| sUrya grahaNa ke samaya, ukta donoM prakAra kI adRzya kiraNoM kI anupasthiti dRzya prakAza meM rahatI hai| ina donoM prakAra kI kiraNoM (inphrAreDa evaM alTrAvAyaleTa) ke garma svabhAva ke kAraNa bhojana ko pacAne kI kSamatA hotI hai| kRtrima teja prakAza kA yadi varNakrama dekheM to spaSTa hotA hai unameM ye donoM kI kiraNeM nahIM pAI jAtI haiN| jainadharma meM jamIkaMda ko akhAdya yA abhakSya kyoM batAyA gayA hai? usakA bhI bar3A vaijJAnika kAraNa hai| jahA~ sUrya kI kiraNeM nahIM pahu~ca pAtI vahAM asaMkhyAta sUkSma jIvoM kI utpatti ho jAtI hai| jamIna ke andara aMdhakAra meM hone vAle,, AlU mUlI, arabI Adi kaMdamUloM meM asaMkhyAta sUkSma jIvoM kI utpatti ho jAne se unakA tyAga batAyA gayA hai| eka bAta aura anubhava meM AtI hai ki rogI kA roga rAtri meM jyAdA takalIphadeha ho jAtA hai| rogI kA dina AsAnI se vyatIta ho jAtA hai lekina rAtri tAmasa hone ke kAraNa vaha roga ko bar3hA detI hai| dina sAtvika hotA hai jo roga meM phAyadA pahuMcAtA hai| ataH rAtri meM bhojana karanA hAnikAraka hai| hamAre zarIra meM sAtvika, rAjasa evaM tAmasa ye tIna guNa pAe jAte haiN| inameM sAtvika guNa prAkRtika hotA hai| jabaki rAjasa aura tAmasa vaikRtika yA vaibhAvika pariNati vAle mAne gaye haiN| dina meM bhojana karane se prAkRtika sAtvika guNa kI vRddhi hotI hai| jisase puruSa meM jJAna, buddhi, medhA, smRti Adi guNoM kA vikAsa hotA hai tathA rAtri meM bhojana karane se tAmasa guNoM kI vRddhi hotI hai jisase vyakti ke andara viSAda, adharma, ajJAna, Alasya aura rAkSasI vRtti kA janma hotI hai| rAtri meM khAyA huA bhojana tAmasI pariNAmoM kA dAtA hotA hai| vaidika aura vaiSNava dharma meM rAtri bhojana niSedha - 1. jo madya pIte haiM, mAMsa bhakSaNa karate haiM, rAtri ke samaya bhojana karate haiM tathA kaMda bhojana karate haiM unake tIrthayAtrA karanA, japa-tapa karanA, ekAdazI karanA, jAgaraNa karanA, puSkara snAna yA candrAyaNa vrata rakhanA Adi saba vyartha haiN| varSAkAla ke cAra mAsa meM to rAtri bhojana karanA hI nahIM caahie| anyathA candrAyaNa vrata karane para bhI zuddhi nahIM hotI hai| (RSivara bhArata vaidika darzana) 2. vaidika grantha yajurveda Ahnika meM likhA hai pUrvAnhe bhujyate devairmadhyAnhe Rssibhistthaa| aparAnhe ca pitRbhiH sAyAdve daitya daanvaiH||24||

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60 anekAnta 66/2, apraila-jUna 2013 bhojI jIvoM ke lie sukhadAyI kahate haiM, mAno ve agnizikhAoM ke madhya jalate hue vana meM phaloM kI AzA rakhate haiN| ahiMsAvrata rakSArtha mUlavrata vishuddhye| nizAyAM varjayedmaktimihAmutra ca duHkhdaam|| yazastilakacampUgata upAsakAdhyayana ke kathanAnusAra ahiMsA vrata kI rakSA ke lie isa loka aura paraloka meM duHkha dene vAlI rAtri bhojana kA tyAga kara denA caahie| mauna pUrvaka bhojana karane se tapa evaM saMyama kI vRddhi hotI hai aura bhojana ke prati lolupatA kama hotI hai| ataH vratI zrAvaka ko niyama se maunapUrvaka bhojana karanA caahie| saMdarbhaH 1. bhavyopadeza upAsakAdhyayana-zrAvakAcAra, bhAga-3, pR.376 2. lATI saMhitA, pR.-5, vahI 3. vahI, zloka 47 evaM 28, pR.9, vahI 4. rAtrau bhuMjAnAnAM yasmAdanivAritA bhavati hiNsaa| hiMsA virataistasmAvyakti bhukti rvi| rAgA dyudaya paratvAda nivRtti tivartate hiNsaa| rAtri divamAharataH kathaM hi hiMsA smbhvti|| purussaarthsiddhyupaay|shlok 129 evaM 130 zrAvakAcAra bhAga ek|| 5. svAmikArtikeyAnupekSAgata zrAvakAcAra- zloka 81 6. zrAddhaM daivataM karma snAna dAnaM na caahutiH| jAyate yatra ki tatra narANAM bhoktumrhti||26|| dharmasaMgraha zrAvakAcAra, pRSTha-123 7. bhaMjate nizi durAzA yake gRddhi doSa vaza vrtinojnaaH||43|| amitagati zrAvakAcAra 8. vallabhate dinanizithayoH sadA yo nirasta yama saMyama kriyaaH| zraMga, puccha zapha saMga varjito maNyate pazuvayaM mniissibhiH||44|| amitagati zrAvakAcAra 9. kisanasiMha kRta kriyA koSa (zrAvakAcAra saMgraha bhAga-5) saMpAdaka- paM. hIrAlAla zAstrI zloka (pada) 28, peja-165 10. vahI, peja-167, pada-66 11. dharmasaMgraha zrAvakAcAra, zloka-26, pRSTha-123 (zrAvakAcAra saMgraha bhAga-2, saMpAdaka-vahI) 12. heltha eNDa DAiTa (lekhaka-svAmI zivAnaMda jI), pRSTha-260 13. kisanasiMha kRta kriyAkoza, dohA-16, pRSTha-164 14. mArkaNDeya purANa, adhyAya-33, zloka-53 15. yoga vAziSTha, zloka-108 - ( lekhaka kI sadya-prakAzita navIna kRti "jainadharma kA vaijJAnika cintana" se sAbhAra)

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anekAnta 66/2, apraila-jUna 2013 DaoN. DablyU ema. aravara ke anusAra "Value is that which satisfies the human desire. "" 62 prophesara I. DI. cArlsa ke anusAra "Value is a conception, explicit or implicit or distinctive of an individual or characteristic of a group of the desirable which influenced the relationship from a variable modes, means and of action. "7 ataH spaSTa hai ki jIvana meM sukha, zAMti, aizvarya aura yaza kI prApti ke lie vyakti jina sadguNoM ke mAdhyama se samAja kA hita cintana karatA hai - ve sadguNa hI jIvana-mUlya kahalAte haiN| AcArya jinasena ne AdipurANa meM nimna mUlyoM para vicAra pallavita kie haiM: 1. mAnavatAvAdI mUlya pratyeka ciMtanazIla kavi aura kalAkAra apanI kRti ke mUla meM mAnavatA ke kalyANa kA bhAva lekara hI kRti kI saMracanA karatA hai| usakI kRti kA mUla uddezya mAnava jAti kA kalyANa hai| astu jana kalyANa kA bhAva hI mAnavatA hai| rASTrapitA mahAtmA gA~dhI jI ke zabdoM meM "mAnavatA udAtta mana ke saMvedanazIla samAja sudhAraka kI antazcetanA kA mukulita puSpa hai| vyakti ke mana kI udAratA puNya phala hai| yadi hama kisI garIba aura abhAva grasta vyakti kI tana se, mana se aura dhana se sevA kara rahe haiM to yaha saccI mAnava sevA hai; bhagavAna kI pUjA hai| 198 AdipurANa meM bhI saba jAtiyoM aura dharmoM, varNoM aura sampradAyoM meM sAmaMjasya aura samanvaya sthApita karane ke lie vyakti ke jIvana ke lie tInoM guNoM kA honA anivArya mAnA gayA hai| "satyeva darzane jJAnaM cAritraM ca phalapradam / jJAnaM ca dRSTisaccaryAsAMnidhye muktikAraNam / / cAritraM darzanajJAnavikalaM nArthakRnmat / prapAtAyaiva taddhi syAdandhasyeva vivlgtm||" tAtparya yaha hai ki satya, darzana, jJAna aura caritra vyakti ko phala pradAtA hai| samyak darzana aura cAritra se hI mukti kI prApti hotI hai| inase rahita jJAna se mukti prApta nahIM hotI hai| 2. rASTrIya mUlya : rASTra ke vikAsa aura saMrakSaNa ke lie vyakti jina guNa dharmoM kA niyamana aura pAlana karatA hai, 'rASTrIya mUlya' kahalAte haiN| "rASTrIya pratyeka jAgarUka aura cintanazIla vyakti ke vyaktittva kA abhinna aMga hai| rASTra ke gaurava, sammAna aura svAbhimAna ke prati samarpita bhAva hI rASTrIyatA hai| rASTra kI vAyu, prakAza, jala, dharatI aura AkAza kI ananta sampadA kA upayoga karate hue

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anekAnta 66/2, apraila-jUna 2013 sahiSNutA, tyAga, tapa, dayA, dAna, apanatva, baMdhutva, samanvaya aura samatA Adi aise mAnavIya guNa haiM jo naitikatA kI paridhi ke antargata Ate haiN| AdinAtha tathA bharata ne bhI samAja meM naitikatAvAdI AcaraNa ko apanAne kI zikSA dI hai| 4. saundaryaparaka mUlya : prakRti aura puruSa ke jIvana meM nihita vaha ananta zakti, jo vyakti ke mana ko ananta Ananda kI anubhUti se saMtRpta karatI hai - saundarya kahalAtI hai| ataH antarmana kA aisA sadguNa jo cetanA ke ujjvalatam bhAva se sampUrita hai -'saundarya' kahalAtA hai| mahAkavi jayazaMkara prasAda ne bhI saundarya ko mana kI cetanA kA ujjavala varadAna kahA hai - "ujjavala varadAna cetanA kA, saundarya jise saba kahate haiN| jisameM ananta abhilASA ke sapane saba jagate rahate haiN| 92 vAstava meM saundarya kisI vastu athavA vyakti kA aisA adabhuta Antarika guNa hai, jisameM kisI bhI prANI ko sammohita karane kI asIma zakti nihita hotI hai| astu sammohana zakti hI saundarya hai| nArI ke saundarya kI zreSThatA kA anupama pramANa hai| raMga-rUpa kI ujjvalatA kA prakAza hai| vANI aura nayana kA sammohita bhAva hai| deha kI tanvagI kAyA kA AkarSaka rUpa hai| isa prakAra lAvaNya sammohana zakti hai| "lAvaNyambudhau puMsu strIpvasyAmeva sNbhRtm| yatprAptAH saritaH sarvAstametAM srvpaarthivaaH||13 5. dhArmika mUlya : jIvana meM zucitA aura pavitratA banAe rakhane ke lie mAnava jina sarvamAnya AcAra-saMhitA kA jIvana meM anupAlana karatA hai, ve Adarza niyama aura AcAra-saMhitA 'dharma' kI paribhASA ke aMtargata Ate haiN| 'dharma' jIvana ko sukhI, saMpanna aura sammAnanIya banAne vAlI jIvana-zailI hai| sAmAjika vyavasthA, surakSA aura jIvana meM samatva sthApita karane ke lie dharma Avazyaka hai| ___AdipurANa meM bhI dharma kI vyAkhyA aura guNa batAe gae haiN| dharma vahI hai jisakA mUla dayA ho aura saMpUrNa prANiyoM para anukampA karanA hI dayA hai| dayA kI rakSA ke lie kSamA Avazyaka hai| indriyoM kA damana karanA, kSamA dhAraNa karanA, hiMsA nahIM karanA, tapa, dAna, zIla, dhyAna aura vairAgya ye dayArUpa dharma ke cihna haiN| ahiMsA, satya, acaurya, brahmacarya aura parigraha kA tyAga saba sanAtana dharma kahalAte haiN| 'dayAmUlo bhaved dharmo dayA praannynukmpnm| dayAyAH parirakSArthaH guNAH zeSAH prkiirtitaa|| ahiMsA satyavAditvamacaurya tyktkaamtaa| niSparigrahatA ceti prokto dharmaH snaatnH||14

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anekAnta 66/2, apraila-jUna 2013 logoM ne bar3e Adara pUrNa mana se bharata kA svAgata kiyaa| yaha svAgata aura sneha unakI AtmIyatA aura sAMskRtika cetanA kI sUcaka hai| "trikuTa malayotsaD.ge girau paannddykvaattke| jagurasya yazo mandramUrchanAH kinnraadd.gnaaH|| xxxxxx tamAlavanavIthIpu saMvarantyo ydRcchyaa| mano'sya jarArUDhayauvanAH kerlstriyH||"26 prastuta zlokoM meM kerala kI sAMskRtika cetanA kI saMskRti kA hI varNana kiyA gayA hai| na kevala, utsava, tyauhArA, apitu zreSTha aura yogya mahAna vyaktiyoM kA sarvatra svAgata aura satkAra hotA hai, yahI hamAre sAMskRtika mUlya hai| 7. vyaktivAdI mUlya : pragati patha kI ora agrasara honA vyakti kA Adima svabhAva hai| vyakti apane vyaktigata, vikAsa, Ananda aura zreya kI prApti ke lie jina mUlyoM kA prayoga karatA hai - ve mUlya vyaktivAdI mUlya kahalAte haiN| bharata ke apane vyaktigata mUlya the jinake anupAlana se unhoMne rASTra aura samAja kI rakSA kI tathA surakSA aura suvyavasthA kA rAjya sthApita kiyaa| eka dina sabhA meM siMhAsana para baiThe bharata ne rAjAoM ko dharma kA upadeza diyA - kula dharma kA pAlana, buddhi kA pAlana, svayaM kI rakSA, prajA kI rakSA karanA aura sAmaMjasyatA Adi dharma ke pAMca svarUpa haiM - kulAmnAya kI rakSA karanA - tAtparya yaha hai ki kula ke AcaraNa, paramparA aura maryAdA kA pAlana karanA kSatriya kA dharma hai| saMkaTa aura ApadA ke samaya bhI sthita buddhi se nyAya aura viveka saMgata nirNaya lenA - matyanupAlana (buddhi kI rakSA karanA) dharma hai| duSTa puruSoM kA vigraha aura ziSTa puruSoM kA anupAlana samaMjasatva guNa hai| rAjA ko duSTa guNoM se yukta putra athavA zatru donoM kA nigraha karanA caahie| use samAja dRSTi se, bhedabhAva tyAga kara samabhAva se nyAya karanA caahie| sAmaMjasya kA artha hI samAja dRSTi hai| duSTa aura ziSTa kA bheda yahI hai ki jo vyakti hiMsA aura pApa kamoM se nirata rahakara adharma karate haiM, duSTa kahalAte haiM aura jo vyakti ahiMsA aura satya mArga ke anugAmI hote haiM; kSamAzIla aura saMtoSI hota haiM - ziSTa kahalAte haiN| yathA - "taccedaM kulamatyAtmaprajAnAmanupAnam samajjasatvaM cetyevamudRiSTaM pNcbhedbhaak|| kulAnupAlana tatra kulaanmaanynurkssnnm| kulocitasamAcAra prirkssnnlkssnnm|| 27 "dharmo rakSatyapApayebhyo dhrmo'bhiissttphlprdH| dharmaH zreyaskaro'mutra dhrmennehaabhinndthuH||128 "kRtAtmarakSaNazravaiva prjaanaamnupaalne|

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mahAvIra jayantI (23 apraila 2013) ke punIta prasaMga para mahAvIra kA svAsthya darzana DaoN. caMcalamala coraDiyA samyak jIvana zailI : svAsthya kA mUlAdhAra - mahAvIra kA darzana maulika rUpa se svasthya aura cikitsA kA darzana nahIM hai, vaha to AtmA se AtmA kA darzana hai| parantu jaba taka AtmA mokSa ko prApta nahIM ho jAtI taba taka, AtmA zarIra ke binA raha nahIM sktii| zarIra kI upekSA kara Atma-zuddhi hetu sAdhanA bhI nahIM kI jA sktii| mahAvIra kI dRSTi meM zarIra kA Atma-sAdhanA hetu mahattva hotA hai, indriyoM ke viSaya bhogoM ke lie nhiiN| unakA adhikAMza cintana AtmA ko kendra meM rakha kara huA, parantu unhoMne zarIra ke nirvAha hetu kevala jJAna ke Aloka meM, jisa samyak jIvana zailI kA kathana kiyA, vaha svataH mAnava jAti ke svAsthya kA maulika zAstra bana gyaa| jIvana hetu prANa Avazyaka - jisa zakti vizeSa dvArA jIva jIvita rahatA hai arthAt jIvana jIne kI zakti ko prANa kahate haiN| saMsAra meM do tattva mukhya hote haiN| prathama- jIva yA AtmA athavA cetana aura dUsarA ajIva athavA jar3a yA acetn| ina tattvoM se hI saMpUrNa brahmANDa kI saMracanA hotI hai| isI AdhAra para UrjA ko bhI moTe rUpa meM do bhAgoM meM vibhAjita kiyA jA sakatA hai| pahalI caitanya athavA prANa UrjA aura dUsarI bhautika uurjaa| jisa UrjA ke nirmANa, vitaraNa, saMcAlana aura niyaMtraNa hetu cetanA kI upasthiti Avazyaka hotI hai, usa UrjA ko prANa UrjA aura bAkI UrjAoM ko jar3a athavA bhautika UrjA kahate haiN| jaba taka zarIra meM AtmA athavA cetanA kA astitva rahatA hai, prANa UrjA kriyAzIla hotI hai| mAnava jIvana kA mahatva hotA hai, parantu usakI anupasthiti meM arthAt mRtyu ke pazcAt prANa UrjA ke abhAva meM mAnava zarIra kA koI mahattva nhiiN| ataH usako jalA athavA, daphanA kara naSTa kara diyA jAtA hai| bhautika vijJAna prAyaH jar3a para hI AdhArita hotA hai| ataH usakI sArI zodha evam cintana jar3a padArthoM taka hI sImita rahatI hai| phalataH vijJAna ke itane vikAsa ke bAvajUda Aja ke svAsthya vaijJAnika zarIra ke kisI bhI avayava jaise bAla, nAkhUna, kozikAe~, rakta, vIrya jaise kisI bhI avayava ko nirmANa karane meM apane Apako asamartha pA rahe haiM, jisakA cetanA yukta zarIra meM svayaM nirmANa hotA hai|

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anekAnta 66/2, apraila-jUna 2013 dekhane, sUMghane, ciMtana-manana karane, vANI kI abhivyakti Adi alaga-alaga hotI hai| kabhI-kabhI bhautika upacAroM se kAna, nAka, cakSu jIbha Adi indriyoM ke dravya upakaraNoM meM utpanna kharAbI ko to dUra kiyA jA sakatA hai parantu unameM prANa UrjA na hone se bhautika upacAra sadaiva saphala nahIM hote| isI kAraNa sabhI netrahInoM ko netra pratyAropaNa dvArA rozanI nahIM dilAI jA sktii| sabhI bahare upakaraNa lagAne ke bAda bhI suna nahIM skte| mUrti meM mAnava kI A~kha lagAne ke bAda usameM dekhane kI zakti nahIM A jaatii| sArI prANa zaktiyA~ ApasI sahayoga aura samanvaya se kArya karatI hai, parantu eka dUsare kA kArya nahIM kara sktii| AMkha suna nahIM sktii| kAna bola nahIM sakatA, nAka dekha nahIM sakatA ityaadi| prANa UrjA kA jitanA sUkSma evaM tarka saMgata vizleSaNa mahAvIra darzana meM hai utanA, Adhunika cikitsA paddhati meM bhI nahIM kiyA gyaa| saMyama hI svastha jIvana kI kuMjI - prANa aura paryAptiyoM para hI hamArA svAsthya nirbhara karatA hai| zarIra evam prANa kA paraspara sambandha na jAnane para koI bhI vyakti na to prANoM kA apavyaya athavA durupayoga hI roka sakatA hai aura na apane Apako niroga hI rakha sakatA hai| Atmika Ananda aura saccI zAMti to prANa UrjA ke sadupayoga se hI prApta hotI hai| yahI pratyeka mAnava ke jIvana kA sahI lakSya hotA hai| pratikSaNa hamAre prANoM kA kSaya ho rahA hai| ataH hamArI sArI pravRttiyA~ yathA saMbhava samyak honI caahiye| pA~coM indriyoM, mana, vacana kA saMyama svAsthya meM sahAyaka hotA hai tathA unakA asaMyama rogoM ko AmaMtrita karatA hai| havA, bhojana aura pAnI se UrjA milatI hai parantu unakA upayoga kaba, kaise, kitanA, kahA~ kA samyakjJAna aura usake anurUpa AcaraNa Avazyaka hotA hai? svAdhyAya, dhyAna, kAyotsarga bhI UrjA ke srota hote haiM, jinakA jIvana meM AcaraNa Avazyaka hotA hai| prANa UrjA ke sadupayoga se zarIra svastha, mana saMyamita, AtmA jAgRta aura prajJA vikasita hotI hai| svAsthya kI dRSTi se paryAptiyoM aura prANoM kA bahuta mahatva hotA hai| ataH mahAvIra ne prANa aura paryAptiyoM ke saMyama evaM sadupayoga ko sarvAdhika mahattva diyaa| jahA~ jIvana hai vahA~ pravRtti to nizcita rUpa se hotI hI hai| ataH paryAptiyoM aura prANoM ke saMyama kA matalaba hama unakA anAvazyaka durupayoga athavA apavyaya na kareM, apitu anAdikAla se AtmA ke sAtha lage karmoM se chuTakArA pAne hetu sadupayoga dvArA samyak puruSArtha kreN| AhAra saMyama - jIvana calAne ke lie jitanA Avazyaka ho bhakSya-abhakSya kA viveka rakhakara AhAra-pAnI Adi grahaNa krnaa| zarIra kA saMyama - zarIra kI Avazyaka pravRttiyoM se bacanA evaM samyak puruSArtha krnaa| indriyoM kA saMyama - indriyoM kI kSamatA se adhika tathA anAvazyaka kArya na lenaa| vIrya kA niyaMtraNa rakhanA arthAta brahmacarya kA pAlana krnaa| indriya viSayoM ko uttejita karane vAlI pravRttiyoM evaM vAtAvaraNa se yathA saMbhava dUra rhnaa| zvAsa kA saMyama - manda gati se dIrgha zvAsa lenA tathA pUraka aura recaka ke sAtha-sAtha kumbhaka kara zvAsa ko adhikAdhika vizrAma denaa| jitanA adhika zvAsa kA saMyama hogA,

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NON-ABSOLUTISM-THE PHILOSOPHICAL BASIS OF TOLERANCE Prof. Sagarmal Jain Fanaticis or Intolerance is one of the prime curse of our age. Jainism, since its inception, believes in non-absolutism or Anekantavada and preaches for tolerant outlook and harmonious living. On the basis of its theories of nonabsolutism and non-violence it has remained tolerant and respectful towards other religins, fiaths and philosophical ideologies. Jaina scholars, while opposing the different one sided or absolute viewpoints of other ideologies and faiths, paid full regard to them and accepted that the opponent's convictions may also be valid from a certain standpoint. Jaina men of learning appose only their absolute truth-value, but accept their partial truth-value on the basis of their fundamental concept of non-absolutism or Anekantavada. Jaina hold that dogmatism and fanaticism are the born childred of absolutims i.e. one-sided outlook or ekantavada (Ustalac) An extremist or absolutist holds that what so ever he propounds is correct and what other say it is false, while a non-absolutist or relativist is of the view that he and his opponent both may be correct if if viewed from two different angles and thus a relativist i.e. Anekantavadi adopts a tolerant outlook towards other faiths and ideologies. It is the Jaina doctrine of Anekantavada or non-absolutism on which the concept of religious tolerance and fellowship of faiths is based. For the Jaina non-violence is the essence of religion, from which the Jaina concept of non-absolutism emanates. Absolutism represents "violence of thought"; for it negates the truth-value of its opponent's view and thus hurts the feelings of others. Anekantavada i.e. non-absolutism is nothing, but a non-violent search for truth finds non-absolutism, Jaina thinkers are of the view that the reality is a complex one, it can be looked and understand from different angles and thus various judgments may be made about it, for it has many facets, various attributes and various modes. Even two contradictory statements about an abject may hold true, if they were made from two diffenet angles or view points. Since we are finite beings, we can know or experience only a few facets of reality at one time from a certain angle. The reality in its completencess cannot be grasped by us. Only a universal observer i.e. an omniscient (Sarvajna = H051) can comprehend it and explain it without a stand point or a view point. He can comprehend it and explain it only through different angles or view points. This premise can be understood from the following example, take it for granted that every one of us has a camera to clic a snap of a tree, we can have hundreds of photographs, but still we find most portion of the tree photographically remains uncovered and what is more, the photographs differ from each other it they are taken form different angles. So is also the case with diversified human understanding and

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311-66/2, 90-TA 2013 social and cultural background and has its utility and truth value accordingly. As the different parts of the body have their own position and utility in their organic whole and works for its common good so is the case with different religions in human society. They should work for the common goal of human society and try to resolve the conflicts of ideologies and faiths and make lifc on earth peaceful. It every faith is working for human good, it has equal right to exist and work for that. According to Siddasena Divakara (5th century A.D.) the divergent view points or faiths may be charged false only when they negate the truth value of others and claim them selves exclusively true. But if they acept the truth value of other ideologies and faiths on the basis of Anekantavada, they attain righteousness, He further propounds that Every view point or faith in its own sphere is right, but if every one of them considers it self as a whole truth and disregards the views of their revivals, they do not attain righteousness, for all the viewpoints are partially true, their truth value remains in their own respective spheres or angles. If they encroach upon the province of other view points and consider them as a false, they are wrong. For a non-absolutist (anekAntavAdI) rightness of a particular faith or ideology depends on the acceptance of partial rightness of others. In words he believes in a harmonious coexistence and works for a common good of manking. Acceptance of nonabsolutism is the only way to remove the religious conflicts and violence from the earth and establish harmony among various ideologies and faith. It is only the concepts of non-absolutism which can develop a tolerant outlook and establish the peace on the earth. Today when fundamentalism is posing a serious threat to communal coexistence and harmony, non-absolutism is not only essential, but the only way-out to protect the human race. According to Siddasena Divakar a nonabsolutist, who advocates the synoptic view of truth never discriminates the different faiths as right or wrong, he pays all of them proper regard, for he accepts their partial or relative truth value. Siddhasena Divakar (5th century A.D.) in his work sanmatitarka rightly observes all the schools of thought are valid, when they are understood from their own stands point or angle and so far as they do not discard the truth value of others. It is this non-absolutistic broader outlook can develop the harmony among conflicting ideologies and faiths. Non-absolutism gives a broader perspective on the basis of this broader outlook Jainism holds that the followers of other sects can also attain emancipation or Moksa, if they are able to destroy attachment and aversion. They do not believe in the narrow outlook that the follower of Jainism only can achieve emancipation. In Uttrachyayana there is a reference to "anyalinga siddha"(Triin 16) i.e. the emancipate dsouls i.e. who have destroyed attachment and aversion which are the seeds of birth and death, may be get emancipation whether he belongs to any other sects (36/649). Haribhadra,

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paM. bhagavatIdAsa viracita 'maiMkalehA-cariu' meM mUr3hatraya vivecana DaoN. pulaka goyala prAcIna bhAratIya vAGgamaya ko samRddhatA ke zikhara para pahu~cAne kA mahattvapUrNa kArya saMskRta, prAkRta aura apabhraMza bhASAoM ke mAdhyama se huA hai| saMskRta ko Aja bhI deza meM vyApaka stara para mAnyatA prApta hai| prAkRta aura apabhraMza kA sAhitya kabhI isa deza ke bahusaMkhyaka logoM dvArA samAdRta rahA hai| rAjadarabAroM meM saMskRta, prAkRta, apabhraMza Adi ke kaviyoM ko Asana diyA jAtA thaa| apabhraMza bhASA meM jana-mana-raMjana kI adbhuta kSamatA hai jisakA rasAsvAda vartamAna kSetrIya bhASAoM/ boliyoM meM sahaja hotA hI hai| apabhraMza bhASA meM lAr3a-pyAra hai, tarUNAI kA madamasta AkarSaNa hai, utsAha hai, umaMga hai| apabhraMza meM saralatA, sahajatA, svAbhAvika taralatA Adi kitane prAkRtika guNa haiN| prakRti ne isa bhASA ko banAyA nahIM hai, parantu prakRtistha logoM ke Ananda kI yaha maulika abhivyakti jarUra hai| apabhraMza kA svarNa yuga bIta cukA hai| adyAvadhi apabhraMza kI saMtati kA svarNakAla hai| gujarAtI, rAjasthAnI, paMjAbI, siMdhI, marAThI, bihArI, baMgalA, ur3iyA, asamiyA aura rASTrabhASA hindI tathA anya prAdezika boliyA~ bhI isakI saMtAna paramparA kA hissA haiN| ina bhASAoM ke vikAsa krama ko samajhane ke lie apabhraMza kI sahAyatA lenA anivArya hai| isa kAraNa se apabhraMza ko akAdamika stara para sAhitya premiyoM ne jIvita rakhA hai| yaha acchA hai parantu apabhraMza apane maulika prayojana se bhaTakane ke kAraNa jana sAmAnya se dUra ho gaI hai| apabhraMza kaviyoM ne isa bhASA ko cunA aura dharmaprANa samAja kI sthApanA hetu isakA prayoga kiyA aura jana samarthana prApta kiyaa| apabhraMza kI isa vizeSatA ko puSTa karate hue pro. harivaMza kochar3a mUla samasyA ke samAdhAna taka le jAne kA prayAsa kara rahe haiM - 'apabhraMza sAhitya adhikAMza dhArmika AcaraNa se AvRtta hai| mAlA ke tantu ke samAna saba prakAra kI racanAe~ dharmasUtra se graMthita haiN| apabhraMza kaviyoM kA lakSya thA - eka dharma pravaNa samAja kI rcnaa| purANa, cariu, kathAtmaka kRtiyA~, zAstra Adi sabhI prakAra kI racanAoM meM vahI bhAva dRSTigocara hotA hai| koI prema kathA ho cAhe sAhasika kathA, kisI kA carita ho cAhe koI aura viSaya ho, sarvatra dharma tattva anusyUta hai| apabhraMza lekhakoM ne laukika jIvana evaM gRhastha jIvana se sambaddha kathAnaka bhI likhe, kintu ve bhI isa dhArmika AvaraNa se AvRtta haiN| bhavisayattakahA, paumasiricariu, sudaMsaNacariu, jiNadattacariu Adi isI prakAra ke grantha haiN| mAnoM dharma inakA prANa thA aura dharma hI inakI aatmaa|

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18 anekAnta 66/2, apraila-jUna 2013 ramaNI, 14. yogI rAsA, 15. anathamI,16. manakarahArAsa,17. vIrajinendra gIta, 18. rohiNIvrata rAsa, 19. DhamAlarAjamatI nemisura, 20. saMjJAnI DhamAla nAmaka racanAeM racI thIM, jo uparyukta guTakA meM lipibaddha haiN| inake atirikta ApakI eka racanA mRgAMkalekhA carita kA patA Amera bhaNDAra kI sUcI se calatA hai| mUlakathA evaM dharmopadeza - maiMkalehA cariu ke praNayana kA mUlAdhAra zIla kI mahimA ko prakAzita karanA hai| nAyikA mRgAMkalekhA aparanAma candralekhA kA jIvana atyanta saMvedanazIla darzAyA gayA hai| aMjanA satI ke jIvanavRtta se isa nArI ke jIvana kI tulanA karate hue bra. sumana zAstrI likhatI haiM- 'jIvana ke aitihya vRtta meM aMjanA kI samakakSa hote hue bhI vipattiyoM ke mAmale meM usase Age khar3I hai| aMjanA ne to kevala pati viyoga aura sAsu kI bhartsanA shii| garbha bhAra DhotI huI jaMgaloM-jaMgaloM meM bhaTakI kintu unake sAtha unakI sakhI vasantamAlA thii| putra hanumAna ke janmate hI mAmA pratisUrya ke ghara pahu~ca gaI para yaha satI to garbhAvasthA meM bhI jaMgaloM meM nitAnta akelI thii| putra janma se pUrva sakhI citralekhA bichar3a gii| janmate zizu ko mAMsa lobhI zvAna uThA le gyaa| zIla ke pratApa se kAmI basanta seTha kI kAmukI dRSTi se bacI to bali hetu rAjadarabAra ke caNDI maMdira meM balivedI ke samakSa khar3I ho gii| ahiMsA ke prabhAva se rAjA suMdara ko ahiMsaka banA abhaya ko prApta huI to rAkSasI mAyA aura vanarAja kA grAsa hote hote bacI, yahA~ bhI usakA zIla janya puNya hI sahayogI thaa| anta meM vezyA kI zikAra huI, usane mRgAMkalekhA ko vezyA karma hetu pratAr3ita kiyA, vahA~ bhI zIla hI rakSaka bnaa| vezyA ne usa rUpavatI ko rAjabhaya ke kAraNa rAjadarabAra meM bheja diyaa| usa viveka zIlA ko apane zIla rakSArtha pAgala mahilA kA rUpa dhAraNa karanA pdd'aa| antatogatvA puNya va zIla pratApa se kaSToM kA vizAla sAgara taira gaI aura dharma kI zaraNa meM usa dharmavatI ko putra aura pati kA samAgama huaa| kucha samaya taka sAMsArika sukha bhogakara saMsAra se virakta ho pati ke sAtha AryikA dIkSA dhAraNa kara saMsAra chor3a diyaa|'6 ___ saMsAra ke samasta prANiyoM ko jo uttama sukha meM pahu~cA de, use dharma kahate haiN| yaha dharma do prakAra kA hotA hai - zrAvakadharma aura munidhrm| maiMkalehA-cariu meM zrAvaka dharma kA vizeSa varNana hai| kRti meM samyaktva ko sAgAradharma kA sAra kahA hai| AjJA, mArga, upedaza, sUtra, bIja, saMkSepa, vistAra, artha, avagAr3ha aura paramAvagAr3ha rUpa samyagdarzana ke dasa bhedoM kI paribhASAyeM prastuta kI gaI haiN| deva, zAstra aura gurU mUDhatAoM ke dravya, kSetra, kAla, bhAva, pratyakSa, parokSa aura laukika ke bheda se pratyeka ke sAta bheda batAye gaye haiN| guru muDhatA meM pArzvastha, kuzIla, saMsakta, saMtaseva aura mRgacArI ina paMcavidha zramaNAbhAsa ko samajhAyA hai| paMca aNuvrata, tIna aNuvrata aura cAra zikSAvratoM kA vizada varNana hai| prAtaH uThakara jinendra deva kI vaMdanA kara snAna aura vastra vizuddhi pUrvaka jinendra bhagavAn kA abhiSeka karanA, rAga rahita hokara stuti karanA, aparAnha meM jinanAtha kI uktiyA~ bolanA uttama prathama zikSAvrata hai| donoM samaya deva vaMdanA karanA madhyama aura eka samaya prasannatA se

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80 anekAnta 66/2, apraila-jUna 2013 / / pddhddiyaa|| sAbharaNa deva pUyA pamANu, vaMdaNu thui kittaNu bhattiThANu / / 1 / / taM davva deva mUDhatta vuttu, puNu pAhuDa davva Thavai ajutta / / 2 / / puNu khittamUDha Naru loi bhAsi, caiya apUya rakkhai avAsi / / 3 / / Niya Nayara dhAmi pura desavAsi, pUyA avagaNNai pAvarAsi / / 4 / / so tittha bhUmi dhAvai ayANa, paDimA vaDa vaNNai duggtthaannu||5|| puNu kAlamUDha jiNa sutti vattu, Nahi titthaNahu sama saraNa juttu||6|| pUyA ayAli vaya vihi ayAli, gura vayaNu Na maNNai jAma kaali||7|| Niya kajji samappai thappideNu, bhaNu tassa kAla mUDhattueNu / / 8 / / ahuNA devahu kira bhAva mUDha, maNa bhiMtari ciMtai citta gUDhu / / 9 / / savvaha vaMdaNu NiMdaNu Na kAsu, vara buddhi sayA Niru ghar3ai jaasu||10|| aisai devattaNu sayala majjhi, ghiya kajju ajju kiM pai asjjhi||11|| ittau kiM lou ayANu savvu, gira bhAva deva mUDhau sagavvu / / 12 / / ahuNA parokkha mUDhattu vuttu, arahaMta Navai kuladeva juttu| / 13 / / keladeva devi vaMdaNa vihANu, Niya gutta kitti sura satti daannu||14|| aisai vaDa purisahuMThANi jassa, vaMdaNu tiyAla mahu hou tassa / / 15 / / su parokkha deva mUDhattu hoi, appAMNa viyANai gohu soi / / 16 / / puNu payaDu deva mUDhattu atthi, jiNu vaMdai harihara vamha stthi||17|| sama vaMdaNu pUyaNu bhatti jutta, sama so-maNNai ahimaNi khutt||18|| supayakkha mUDha vuttau aNANu, Na viyANai sagga- pavagga tthaannu||19|| bhAsami Niru sIyala parokkhamUDha, ahuNA Navi rakkhAmi bhavva guuddhu|20|| caMDI muMDI sIyala sayAli, guggA duggA diNivara sayAli / / 21 / / icchicchai putta kalatta lacchi, vasi hoi mUDhu Naru Niru micchi||22|| artha- 1. AbharaNoM se yukta sarAgI devoM kI pUjA, vandanA, stuti, kIrtana evaM bhakti ityAdi sthAnoM ko deva mUDhatA kahA hai| inheM dravyAdika kA upahAra denA bhI ayukta ThaharAyA hai| ise hI dravya deva mUr3hatA kahA gayA hai| 2. aba loka prasiddha kSetra mUr3hatA ko kahate haiM - apUjya caitya/pratimA (padmAvatI, kSetrapAla, bhairava, yakSa, mAnabhadra, nAgabAbAdi) ko apane gharoM meM rakhanA yA apane nagara, grAma, pura athavA deza meM sthApita karanA, inheM sthAna denA, inakI pUjA karanA pApa kI rAzi rUpa kSetra mUr3hatA meM parigaNita hai| ajJAnI jana inakI pUjA ke lie tIrtha sthaloM kI ora bhAgate haiM athavA vaTavRkSa ke mUla arthAt tala meM durgA kI pratimA sthApita karanA athavA unakA sthAna banavAnA ise loka kSetra deva mUr3hatA kahA jAtA hai| 3. aba jina sUtra meM varNita kAla mUr3hatA ko kahatA hU~ - 'tIrtha ke samAna anya koI yogya zaraNa nahIM hai| aisA mAnakara pUjA ke ayogya kAla meM tIrthoM para pUjA karanA tathA vratavidhAna ke ayogya samaya (saMkrAnti, meghAcchanna, grahaNakAla athavA duSkAla, sAMdhyakAlAdi durdinoM) meM vratAdika karanA tathA isa samaya guruoM ke vacana na mAnakara apane kArya siddhi hetu

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anA anekAnta 66/2, apraila-jUna 2013 taha bhAsai satthu suNai sayANu, so sattha khitta mUDhau viyANu / / 10 / / kira kAla sattha mUDhau risIsu, saMkaMti amAvasa gahaNu dIsu / / 11 / / sudu bhaNai akAlie ayANu soi, Niru paDhai paDhAvai mukkhu loi||12|| bhAsai Na suNai tiyAla vela, Thidi thAi samAiga ThANi kel||13|| suda bhAva mUdu jaNi jANu saMta, supamatta usaMtahu Ai aMta / / 14 / / ahavA sattama guNa ThANa Ai, aMtima guNi khINa kasAi thaai||15|| viya bhAya sukkajjhANi viyANu, ekatta vitakka vicAra tthaannu||16|| thui karai jiNesara kavva jutti, vahu sattha paDhai diMta sutti / / 17 / / suddhappa visai Nahi dijiAsu, kara bhAva sattha mUDhuttu tAsu / / 18 / / evahi parokkha suNi sattha mUDhu, tiya joi Na goyara vatthu gUDha / / 19 / / je suhuma addhavasANa jANi, vedA Na tAsu suha asuha tthaanni||20|| su parokkhamUdu suda dhAru hoi, ahavA soyAru ayANu koi / / 21 / / bhaNi satthamUDhu su payakkha gohu, appaNu NaviyANai tacca bohu / / 22 / / arahaMta deu daya dhammu sAru, NiggaMthu jaIsaru guru amAru / / 23 / / appaNu uvaesu karai sayANu, appA ArAhaNi sai aNANu / / 24 / / artha - 1. jo ekAdaza aMga ko par3hatA hai| sapta, tattva, nava padArtha, paMcAstikAya, gati, sthiti, mUrta, amUrta lakSaNoM se yukta chahoM dravyoM ko, avakAza dene vAle AkAza dravya ko, akAyavAn kAla dravya ko, utpAda-vyaya-dhrauvya ko tathA Agama meM varNita dravya-guNa-paryAyoM ko to jAnatA hai kintu heyopAdeya vastu tattva ko nahIM jAnatA aise puruSa nija Atma-prakAza ko nahIM jAnate, ve nizcita hI dravya zruta mUr3ha hote haiN| 2. aba purANoM meM kathita kSetra zruta mUr3hatA ko kahate haiN| jo nIca sthAnoM meM arthAt varjita, garhita pradezoM meM bahuta zAstroM ko vyAkhyAna karate haiN| jahA~ para mala-mUtra, zarIragata sapta dhAtue~ visarjita hoM, jahA~ upadrava ho, bhaya ho, roga yA rogI-jana hoN| jahA~ napuMsakoM ke sthAna hoM yA unakA AvAgamana ho| jahA~ matihIna duSTa-strI-puruSa rahate hoN| jahA~ Agama-siddhAnta ke zravaNa vA pRcchanA kI paramparA na ho| nayoM ke eka yA aneka bhedoM meM, nizcaya aura vyavahAra donoM nayoM ke zravaNa meM jahA~ logoM ko kheda utpanna hotA hai| vahA~ jo suvijJa satzAstroM ko par3hatA athavA sunatA hai usase kSetra zruta mUr3hatA jAnanA caahie| 3. makarAdi saMkrAntiyA~, amAvasyA, grahaNa dikhalAI dene para athavA digdAha ke samaya ko RSijana akAla kahate haiN| jo ajJAnI mUrkhajana isa akAla meM zAstra vyAkhyAna karate haiM, par3hate-par3hAte haiM use kAlazruta mUr3hatA jaano| 4. jo sudhIjana isa akAla meM trikAla saMdhyAoM meM na zAstra svAdhyAya karate haiM, na hI sunate haiM apitu eka hI sthAna para sthita hokara kautuka vaza sAmAyika kI sthApanA kara krIr3A karate haiM, use bhAvazruta mUr3hatA jaanoN| pramatta guNasthAna ko Adi lekara upazAnta kaSAya guNasthAna taka zAstra ko jAnatA huA jIva bhAvazAstra mUr3ha (?) hotA hai athavA saptama apramatta

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84 anekAnta 66/2, apraila-jUna 2013 // ghattA / / saNa vayahI sayANu jaI, para Aira tappara savaNo / mAyAvI mANI magga cuo, davvamUDha guru sevagaNo // 20 // // paddhaDiyA // puNu khattamUDha guru gaNi pavuttu, puragAmi pAyari ceI avAsi appaNu devalu kara dei davvu so khittamUDha guru jaNi ayANu guru kAlamUDhu bhAsami suNehu, AhAru NihAru ayAli jAsu, appaNu maNi ciMtai karai soi, ahuNA parokkha guramUr3ha bheDa, ras guru hou cauttha kAli, mAyAviya sevai NANa hINu, gavi dIsa ajju risIsa viti, aviveya Na jANai savva bheu, su-parokkhamUDha yahu avaNi ThANi gura payaDa mUDha bhAsaha gaNesu aNuvaya su mahavvaya vitti bheu, taNi suhamavattha vahumulla davvi kaMcaNa upayaraNa rayaNa divaMta, jiha maggu NaM dhAraNa dheya cAru, visavAlasa giddA bhuta du te payaDa pikkhi loyahu samANu, piya maNi piyA maha kavaNa amhi puNu loyamUDhu jaNi bhaNiu soi, je magga siTTha ahavaya pahANa, pikkhA pikkhI tiha bhatti dANu, vaDa maNNahi eyaha ammi kauNa, telor3a mUha gura yaha samagga, bhavi kira dhammu viveya sAru, apaNu thira thAi sahi bhuttu // 1 // thiru thAi sayA jama dhammu bhAsi // 2 // appaNu devalu bhaNi muNi sagavyu // 3 // siMha bhAva vihUNau karuNa dANu // 4 // diNu iNi bhamai posai sudehu // 5 // khaDavassa kiyA Navi kAli tAsu // 6 // so kAlamUda guru muNaha loi // 7 // NasaM ANi Na muNDa heu // 8 // khaDasaMhaNa satitta Na thAi cAli // 9 // AbhitAri bhAu Na muNai dINu // 10 // risi dIsahi bhavva videha khitti // 11 // savvaha sAmaNNai arui heu ||12|| vahu vaMdhai pAu su-dhamma hANi // 13 // rui NANa caraNa bujhai Na lesu // 14 // Na viyANai kiriyA kamma heu // 15 // siya ratta pIya gahi gahiya gavvi // 16 // rAyAi yasai jaNi kamudhivaMta // 17 // vijjAvihINa mau pavara phAru // 18 // Na viyAhi siviNai vitti suTTha / / 19 / / appaNu maNi maNNai jaNu sayANu // 20 // gura payau mUDhamau ghaDai tamhi ||21|| savvai sama jANai guNu Na koi // 22 // vi yANa vuhiyaNa risi ayANa // 23 // loyahu pahi balla Niru savANu / / 24 / / yaha vitti paraMpara suTTu sauNa // 25 // aviveI mANusa te abhagga / 26 / / siya atthi Natthi vANI viyAru // 27 // artha - 1. jina sUtra meM pA~ca prakAra kI dravya mUr3hatA kahI gaI hai| unakA Adara karanA, una para dayA karanA tathA unheM dravyAdi kA dAna denA isI ke bheda jAnanA caahie| pArzvastha, kuzIla, saMsakta, avasanna evaM mRgacArI / svecchAcArI ye pAMcoM prakAra ke zramaNa jina dharma se parADa mukha kahe gaye

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86 anekAnta 66/2, apraila-jUna 2013 vijJa samajhate hoM kintu ve pratyakSa hI sAmAnya logoM kI bhAMti dekhe jAte haiN| hama logoM meM kauna mitA yA pitAmaha zreSTha yA pUjya mAnA jAtA hai' aisI jinakI mati hotI hai unhIM jIvoM meM pratyakSa guru mUr3hatA ghaTita hotI hai| 7. aba loka meM vyApta loka mUr3hatA ko kahatA hU~ - jo sabako eka samAna mAnate haiM, jinakI dRSTi meM koI guNa vizeSa nahIM hai| jo zreyomArga athavA vrata pradhAna mArga ko nahIM jAnate tathA jo budhivanta RSiyoM aura ajJAniyoM meM antara nahIM maante| jinakI bhakti aura dAna dekhA-dekhI hotA hai| jo nire sayAne hokara bhI laukika patha para calate haiN| ye loga to apane Apako hI bar3A mAnate haiN| jo yaha mAnate haiM ki yahI AcAra saMhitA sundara hai, guNa yukta hai, ve loga loka guru mUr3ha haiM aura unakA samagra guru patha loka mUr3hatA se saMsakta hai| aise manuSya avivekI haiM, abhAgI haiN| manuSya janma meM dharma kA viveka hI sArabhUta hai, aura syAt asti, syAt, nAsti rUpa jinendravANI ke vibheda hI prayojanIya haiN|3 paM. bhagavatIdAsa jI ne maiMkalehAcariu meM isI prakAra anyAnya dArzanika viSayoM kA bheda-prabheda karake tathA samasAmAyika udAharaNoM ko jor3akara jainadarzana ke dhArmika pakSa ko loka lubhAvana apabhraMza bhASA meM prastuta kiyA hai| ina viSayoM para zodhArthiyoM kA dhyAna avazya jAnA caahie| vidvAnoM ke dvArA bhI prastuta prakaraNa evaM anya vividha saiddhAntika prakaraNoM para prAcIna paraMparA kA dhyAna rakhate hue vimarza karanA Avazyaka hai| apabhraMza sAhitya ke sAtha dhArmika dRSTikoNa ko jor3akara yadi prayAsa kareMge to jaina samAja punaH isa saMpadA kA avalokana/ AsvAdana kara paaegii| apabhraMza ke saMjIvana hetu merA yaha laghu prayAsa vidvajjagata meM vimarzaNa ke lie prastuta hai| saMdarbha : 1. apabhraMza sAhitya, pro. harivaMza kochar3a, pRSTha 46-47 2. maiMkalehA-cariu, prastAvanA, pRSTha 13 3. maiMkalehA kahA, prastAvanA, pR. 12-13 4. maiMkalehA-cariu, prastAvanA, pR.13-14 5. hindI jaina sAhitya kA saMkSipta itihAsa, pR. 100 104 6. maiMkalehA-cariu, prastAvanA, pa.66-67 7. maiMkalehA-kahA, prastAvanA pR. 50-52 8. maiMkalehA-cariu, dvitIya saMdhi, duvaI 15, pR. 86-87 9. mUlAcAra, pUrvArddha, gAthA 256, pRSTha-215 10. ratnakaraNDazrAvakAcAra, zloka 22-24 11. maiMkalehA-cariu, saMdhi 2, paddhaDiyA 17, pa.88-91 12. maiMkalehA-cariu, saMdhi 2, paddhaDiyA 18, pR. 90-93 13. maiMkalehA-cariu, saMdhi 2, paddhaDiyA 18-19, gAthA 51-60, pR. 92-99 - zrI di. jaina A. saM. mahAvidyAlaya, sAMgAnera, jayapura (rAjasthAna)

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anekAnta 66/2, apraila-jUna 2013 jahA~ AtmA hai, vahIM saMvedana hai| jahA~ saMvedana hai, vahA~ AtmA hai| jainadarzana ke atirikta anya darzanoM ne bhI eka AtmA kI carcA kI hai para eka hokara bhI vahA~ AtmA ke parthAkya kA abhAva hai| vedAnta AtmA ko eka aura advaita hI mAnatA hai, advaita kA artha hai saMsAra meM dUsarI kucha vastu nahIM hai| jaba dUsarI vastu koI hai hI nahIM taba AtmA ko pRthak mAnane kI koI guMjAiza nahIM rhtii| do bhinna vastuoM ke rahate hue hI pArthakya saMbhava hai| advaita kA prayoga bhI binA dvaita ko mAne hue nahIM ho sktaa| isalie kundakunda jahA~ AtmA ko eka kahate vahA~ dUsare bhinna padArthoM kI bhI sattA mAnate haiM ataH usase pRthaka batAne ke lie unhoMne eka aura vibhakta AtmA ko batAne kI pratijJA kI hai| eka kA artha bhI kundakunda ke lie vaizeSika kI taraha eka nitya sarvagata eka AtmA se nahIM hai kintu vaha apane niyata pradezoM meM rahatI haiN| jJAna, darzana hI usakA apanA svarUpa hai| usake sAtha dUsarA kucha bhI nahIM hai| amRtacaMda ne adhyAtmakalaza meM likhA hai| anubhavamupayAte bhAMti na dvaitameva' arthAt nirvikalpadazA meM jaba AtmA apanA anubhava karatI hai taba vahA~ dvaita nAmakI koI vastu nahIM rhtii| uttamA svAtmaciMtAsyAnmohaciMtA ca mdhymaa| adhamA kAmaciMtA syAt, priciNtaa'dhmaadhmaa|| uttama puruSa svAtmA kI cintA karate haiN| madhyama ve hote haiM, jo zarIra kI cintA meM DUbe rahate haiN| jaghanya ve hote haiM, jo duniyAM kI cintA meM DUbe rahate haiN| ___ parISahAdyavijJAnAdAsravasya nirodhinii| jAyate'dhyAtmayogena, karmaNAmAzu nirjraa|| iSTopadeza 24 AtmA ke ciMtavana rUpa dhyAna se, parISahAdi kA anubhava na hone ke kAraNa, karmoM ke Asrava ko rokane vAlI nirjarA zIghra hone lagatI hai| eko'haM nirmamaH zuddho, jJAnI yogiindrgocrH| bAhyAH saMyogajA bhAvA, mattaH sarve'pi srvthaa| iSTopedaza 27 maiM eka huuN| merA aura koI nahIM hai| maiM zuddha hU~, jJAnI hU~ zreSTha yogiyoM dvArA jAnA jAtA hai| saMyoga se utpanna hone vAle sabhI padArtha mujhase sabhI taraha se bAhara haiN| maiM to ekatvavibhakta svarUpa hU~ aura cidsvarUpa ko bhUla karake ye para sattA meM nija sattA ko gauNa kiye huuN| yathArtha mAnanA, jaba taka baMdhana mahasUsa nahIM hotA, taba taka nirbandha honA bhI kauna cAhatA hai? AvazyakatA nirbandha hone kI nahIM hai, AvazyakatA baMdha ko baMdha svIkAra kI hai| nirbandha honA kaThina nahIM hai lekina baMdha svIkAra karanA kaThina hai| jahA~ dvaita hotA hai, vahA~ visaMvAda hotA hai, jahA~ advaita hai vahA~ visaMvAda nahIM hai| isalie AtmA advaitavAdI avisaMvAdI hai| ekatvavibhakta cidrUpa hai, parabhAvoM se bhinna rUpa haiM, vahIM bhagavAna AtmA kA svarUpa hai| jahA~ do kI kathA prAraMbha hotI hai| "baMdhakahAteNa visaMvAdI hoI" vahA~ visaMvAda prAraMbha ho jAtA hai| eka AtmA, eka krm| AtmA bhinna ho jAye, karma bhinna ho jAye to siddhAlaya meM

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90 anekAnta 66/2, apraila-jUna 2013 kaTasya kartAhamiti, sambandhaH syAd dvyordvyoH| dhyAnaM dhyeyayadAtmaiva, sambandhaH kiidRshstdaa|| iSTopadeza 25 he jJAnI ! advaita-bhAva yAnI parama bhAva, dveta yAnI aprmbhaav| sugata tattva yAnI parama tattva, paragata tattva yAnI praatttv| meM caTAI kA kartA huuN| sambandha jaba bhI hotA hai do meM hotA hai| AtmA ne AtmA ko AtmA ke dvArA, AtmA ke lie, AtmA se, AtmA meM dhyAyA abheda kAraka hai| bheda kara do to, AtmA ne arahaMta ko, AtmA se kalyANa ke lie, mandira meM baiThakara dhyAyA meM bhinna kAraka haiN| ye bhI satya hai, vaha bhI satya hai| bheda kAraka kA bhI vyavahAra karanA caahie| abhedakAraka kA bhI karanA cAhie para dhyAna rakhanA, donoM kAraka jJeya haiM, dhyeya zuddhAtmA hai| ekattvabhAva vahIM A sakatA hai, jahA~ vibhakta bhAva hogaa| ekatva bhAva pahale nahIM AtA, vibhaktabhAva lAnA cAhie aura vibhaktabhAva A jAyegA, to ekatva bhAva A jaayegaa| sabhI ke pariNAma eka se haiN| bhinna samayavartI, eka samayavartI, apUrvakaraNa, anivRttikaraNa jo pariNAma haiM eka samaya meM sabhI jIvoM ke pariNAma eka se hoM vaha kaise ho sakatA hai? para ke upakAra karane kA tyAga karake apane upakAra karane meM tatpara to dikhAI dene vAle isa jagata kI taraha ajJAnI jIva anya padArtha kA upakAra karatA huA pAyA jAtA hai| anantadharmaNastattvaM pazyantI prtygaatmnH| anekAntamayI mUrti nityameva prkaashtaam|| adhyAtma amRtakalaza-2 paradravyoM se bhinna apane svarUpa ke ekatva meM sthita AtmA ke anantadharmoM ke rahasya ko prakAza karane vAlI anekAntasvarUpatA hI jisakI mUrti hai aisI jinavANI sadAkAla saMsAra ke prANimAtra ke hRdaya meM prakAzita ho| nizcayanaya se AtmA kA yathArtharUpa kyA hai AcArya amRtacanda varNana karate haiM ekatve niyatasya zuddhanayato vyaapturydsyaatmnH| pUrNajJAnaghanasya darzanamiha dravyAntarebhyaH pRthk| samyagdarzanametadeva niyamAdAtmA ca taavaanym| tanmuktvA navatatvasantatimimAmAtyAyameko'stu nH|| amRtakalaza-6 apane samasta AtmapradezoM meM jo jJAna rUpa se Thosa hai, apane guNoM meM tathA paryAyoM meM vyApta rahane vAle zuddhanaya kI apekSA jo apane hI svabhAva meM sthita hai| isa prakAra jo isa AtmA kA anya samasta dravyoM se pRthak darzana hai yahI nizcaya se samyagdarzana hai| jitanA samyagdarzana kA viSaya hai utanA hI AtmA hai, anya saba anAtmA hai, jar3a svarUpa hai| jaba ki aisA nirNaya hai taba jIva-ajIva-Asrava-bandha saMvara-nirjarA-mokSa, puNya-pApa aise nava-padArthoM kI zraddhA ko jise vyavahArataH samyagdarzana kahA thA, usa navatatva kI kathana paripATI rUpa vyavahAra ko chor3akara yaha vicAra karo ki merA AtmA to ina nava padArthoM se bhinna apane svarUpa meM ekatva ko lie hue hai, jo apane ekatva meM jJAnAnandI svabhAva meM sthita hai, vahI maiM hU~, anya nhiiN|

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anekAnta 66/2, apraila-jUna 2013 kitanA mahAna hai, jo nIra-kSIra ko alaga kara detA hai| he haMsa AtmA! tU kitanA mahAna hai jo AtmA aura karma ko alaga kara detA hai| he haMsa Atman! nIra-kSIra to jar3a kI kriyA hai aura svAtmA aura karma, cetanA kI kriyA hai| aho jJAniyoM ! vana vATikA se Aja nikala jAo aura cetana kI vATikA meM praveza karake tuma AtmA ko karmoM se bhinna nihAranA prArambha kro| ye sUtra bAla se lekara vRddhoM ko samajhanA hai| zikhara to anta meM car3hatA hai| para nIMva pahale bharanI par3atI hai| binA nIMva bhare kalaza kaise car3hegA, binA bheda vijJAna ke vItarAga bhAva kaise AyegA? bheda vijJAna to Aja se hI karanA hai| bheda vijJAna zabdoM se nahIM krnaa| svabhAva meM krnaa| ekatva bhAva vahIM A sakatA hai, jahA~ vibhakta bhAva hogaa| AcArya kundakunda svAmI ne likhA hai - AdA khu majjha NANaM meM daMsaNaMcarittaM c| AdA paccakkhANaM AdA me saMvaro jogo|| arthAt AtmA hI saMvara, AtmA hI yoga hai, AtmA hI pratikramaNa, pratyAkhyAna hai, AtmA hI jJAna hai isalie nizcaya kI dRSTi se jo kucha hai, saba AtmA hai| AtmA hI AtmA kA guru hai yathA svasmin sdmilaassitvaadbhiissttjnyaapktvtH| svayaM hita prayoktRtvAdAtmaiva gururaatmnH|| nAjJo vijJatvamAyAti, vijJo naajnytvmRcchti| nimittamAtramanyastu gtedhrmaastikaayvt| iSTopadeza 34,35 jagat ke dravya jJeya to haiM, para heya bhI haiM, upAdeya to eka cidsvarUpa AtmA hai| isI prakAra AcArya pUjyapAda praNIta iSTopadeza grantha meM Atma tatva kA sUkSmarItyA pratipAdana hai usameM AcArya kundakunda ke samayasAra kA sAra bharA huA hai| pUjya AcArya vizuddhasAgara jI mahArAja adhyAtma rasa ke rasika haiN| AtmA kA saMvedana anubhavagamya hai| yogI sAdhana meM nirata rahakara Atmika Ananda kA anubhava karate haiN| unake mukhArabinda se nisRta amRtamayI vacana hama ajJAnI janoM ko sanmArga kI ora agrasara karAte haiN| pUjya zrI kI iSTopadeza grantha para sarvodayI dezanA samatva ke sAgara meM nimajjita karAkara asIma Ananda pradAtrI hai| saMdarbha: 1. AcArya vizuddhasAgara : sarvodayI dezanA, pR. 95 2. vahI, pR. 163 3. vahI, pR. 163 5. vahI, pR. 190 6. vahI, pR. 32 4. vahI, pR. 244 7. vahI, pR. 187 - vibhAgAdhyakSa, jaina-bauddha darzana vibhAga kAzI hindU vizvavidyAlaya, vArANasI

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94 anekAnta 66/2, apraila-jUna 2013 (1) adhyAtma evaM vaijJAnika saMdRSTi paraka (2) ahiMsA aura paryAvaraNIya tattva sambandhI (3) cAritramUlaka-prastAvanA smbndhii| lekhaka kI AsthA hai ki ikkIsavIM sadI vijJAna ke AdhyAtmIkaraNa aura adhyAtma ke vijJAnIkaraNa ke lie samarpita ho| ukta donoM samIkSya pustakeM jaina sAhitya ke koSAgAra meM vRddhi kreNgii| samIkSAkAra- paM. Aloka kumAra jaina upanidezaka, vIra sevA maMdira, 21 dariyAgaMja naI dillI (3) akSara (nyAsa kI vArSika paricAyikA 2013) sampAdaka- prAcArya narendraprakAza jaina, prakAzaka-zrutasevA nidhi nyAsa, phirojobAda (u.pra.), samIkSya kRti 'akSara' zruta sevA nidhi nyAsa kI vArSika paricAyikA hai| isakI sthApanA prA. narendra prakAza jaina dvArA kI gaI thI jisakA uddezya akSaya akSaroM kA samAdara karanA hai| prativarSa akSarAbhiSekotsava' meM zrutArAdhakoM kA sammAna mAtRvandanA puraskAra, sarasvatI sammAna evaM zrutasevA sammAna, nagara-gaurava sammAna, samAjasevA sammAna, navodita pratibhA sammAna Adi ke dvArA kiyA jAtA hai| zabda (akSara) amara hai, kavi dyAnatarAya jI likhate haiM - sabada anAdi ananta, gyAna kArana bina mtsr| hama saba setI bhinna, gyAnamaya cetana akssr||nyaas kA saMkalpa akSaraseviyoM kA sammAna karate rahanA hai jo 2006 se anavarata pravartamAna hai| samIkSya 'akSara' vArSikI meM akSara para zodhapUrNa abhyuktiyA~ paThanIya haiN| jinameM pramukha haiMprAcArya narendra prakAza jaina, DaoN. jayakumAra jaina mujaphpharanagara, pa.pUjya AcArya vidyAnanda muni, sureza jaina 'sarala', DaoN. surendra kumAra 'bhAratI' aadi| isake sAtha saptavarSIya sevA sammAna (2006-2012 taka) kI eka jhalaka isameM prastuta kI gayI hai| nizcita hI nyAsa kA yaha sarvazreSTha prakAzana yuvA-sAhityakAroM aura vidvAnoM ke lie saMdarbhita-zodha-aMka kI bhA~ti upAdeya siddha hogaa| glesiMga ArTa pepara para bahuraMgIna chapAI kA sammohana barabasa apanI ora khIMca letA hai| eka eka paMkti paThanIya evaM ciMtanapUrNa hai| sampAdaka apane Apa meM variSTha vidvAna, lekhaka evaM prakhara vaktA hone se sAhitya kI bahuAyAmI vidhA kI jhalaka isameM dikhatI hai, jisane siddha kara diyA ki aNu meM virATarUpa kaise chipA hotA hai|

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saMsthA dvArA prakAzita grantha kraM. pustaka graMtha kA nAma lekhaka/TIkAkAra kA nAma | mUlya / 1. upAsanA tattva tathA upAsanA kA DhaMga | paM. jugalakizora jI 'mukhtAra' |5ru.| 2. jaina lakSaNAvali bhAga-2,3 | paM. bAlacaMda siddhAMta cakravartI |1500ru. 3. yugavIra nibaMdhavalI prathama khaNDa | paM. jugalakizora jI 'mukhtAra' | 210ru. 4. jaina graMtha prazasti saMgraha bhAga-2 | paM. paramAnaMda zAstrI3 150ru. 5. merI bhAvanA aMgrejI sahita paM. jugalakizora jI 'mukhtAra' |5ru. 6. mahAvIra jina pUjA paM. jugalakizora jI 'mukhtAra' |10ru. 7. stuti vidyA paM. jugalakizora jI 'mukhtAra' |70ru. 8. zrIpura pArzvanAtha stotra paM. jugalakizora jI 'mukhtAra' |20ru. 9. samaMtabhadra vicAra dIpikA paM. jugalakizora jI 'mukhtAra' |30ru. 10. dhyAna zataka paM. bAlacaMda siddhAMtazAstrI |100ru. 11. digambaratva kI khoja DaoN. ramezacanda jaina 100ru. 12. parama digaMbara gommaTezvara nIraja jaina, satanA 75ru. 23. Jain Bibiliography I&ll Chhotelal Jain 1500ru. 14. niSkampa dIpa zikhA paM. padmacaMda zAstrI 120ru. 15. hama duHkhI kyoM haiM paM. jugalakizora jI 'mukhtAra' |10ru 16. Basic Tenets of Jainism Sh. Dashrath Jain 10ru 17. samayapAhuDa rUpacaMda kaTAriyA svAdhyAya 18. vArasANuvekkhA A.kuMdakuMda (saMkalita) svAdhyAya 19. mahAvIra kA sarvodaya tIrtha | paM. jugalakizora jI 'mukhtAra' |10ru. 20. anekAnta traimAsika zodha patrikA | DaoN. jayakumAra jaina 80ru.vArSika 21. tattvAnuzAsana AcArya rAmesana 100ru. 22. samIcIna dharmazAstra paM. jugalakizora jI 'mukhtAra' |150ru. 23. Pure Thoughts | AcharyaAmitgati |50ru. noTa :- ukta sabhI grantha 30 pratizata kamIzana para vIra sevA maMdira meM vikraya hetu upalabdha hai| dhanarAzi caika/DAphTa athavA manIArDara dvArA bhejI jA sakatI hai| vI.pI.pI. se bhejane kA prAvadhAna nahIM hai, posTeja kharca atirikta deya hogaa| - mahAmaMtrI

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Year-66, Volume-3 RNI No. 10591/62 July-September 2013 ISSN 0974-8768 __ anekAnta (jainavidyA evaM prAkRta bhASAoM kI traimAsika zodha patrikA) ANEKANTA (A Quarterly Research Journal for Jainology & Prakrit Languages) sampAdaka DaoN. jayakumAra jaina, mujaphpharanagara (u.pra.) Editor Dr. Jaikumar Jain, Muzaffarnagar (U.P.) Mobile: 09760002389 vIra sevA mandira, naI dillI-110 002 VirSewaMandir,New Delhi-110 002

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anekAnta ANEKANTA (jainavidyA evaM prAkRta bhASAoM kI traimAsika zodha patrikA ) ( A Quarterly Research Journal for Jainology & Prakrit Languages) saMsthApaka Founder AcArya jugalakizora mukhtAra 'yugavIra' sampAdaka maNDala nidezaka vIra sevA maMdira - naI dillI (prA. paM. nihAlacaMda jaina - bInA) pro. DaoN. rAjArAma jaina - nauyaDA pro. DaoN. vRSabhaprasAda jaina, lakhanaU prA. DaoN. zItalacanda jaina, jayapura pro. DaoN. zreyAMsakumAra jaina, bar3auta pro. ema. ela. jaina, naI dillI sadasyatA zulka/ Subsercription Acharya Jugalkishor Mukhtar 'Yugveer' Editor Director-Vir Sewa Mandir, New Delhi (Pracharya Pt. Nihal Chand Jain, Bina ) Prof. Dr. Raja Ram Jain, Noida Prof. Dr. Vrashabh Prasad Jain, Lucknow Pracharya Shital Chand Jain, Jaipur Prof. Dr. Shreyans Kumar Jain, Baraut Prof. M.L. Jain, New Delhi eka aMka- rupaye 20/- vArSika - ru.80/ AAThis issue - Rs. 20/- Yearly Rs. 80/ - sabhI patrAcAra patrikA evaM sampAdakIya hetu patA vIra sevA maMdira ( jaina darzana zodha saMsthAna ) 21, aMsArI ror3a dariyAgaMja, naI dillI- 110 002.06 All correspondance for the journal & editorial onVir Sewa Mandir (A Research Institute for Jainology) 21, Ansari Road, Daryaganj, New Delhi-110002.06 phona naM. 011-30120522, 23250522, 09311050522 e-mail-virsewa@gmail.com vidvAn lekhakoM ke vicAroM se sampAdaka maMDala kA sahamata honA Avazyaka nahIM hai| lekhoM meM diye gaye tathyoM aura sandarbhoM kI prAmANikatA ke saMbaMdha meM lekhaka svayaM uttaradAyI haiM sabhI prakAra ke vivAdoM kA nipaTArA dillI nyAyAlaya ke adhIna hogaa|

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AdhyAtmika-bhajana hama to kabahu~ na nija ghara Aye hama to kabahuM na nija ghara Aye, para ghara pipharata bahuta dina bIte, nAma aneka dhraaye| hama to kabahuM na nija ghara Aye, pada pada nija pada mAti magana hai, para paranati lapaTAye, zuddha, buddha, sukha kaMda manohara ___ Atma guna nahIM gaaye| hama to kabahuM na nija ghara Aye, nara, pazu, deva, naraka nija mAnyo ___ parajaya buddhi kahAye, amala akhaMDa, atula avinAzI cetana bhAva na bhaaye| hama to kabahuM na nija ghara Aye, hita anahita kachu samajhayo nAhIM mRga jala budha jyoM dhAye, dyAnata aba nija, para para haiM sadagurU baina sunaaye| hama to kabahuM na nija ghara aaye|| - kavivara dyAnatarAya

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viSayAnukramaNikA viSaya zramaNa saMskRti kI vyApakatA 'adhyAtma-rahasya' meM varNita svAnubhUti kA svarUpa evaM prakriyA 3 tattvArthazlokavArtika meM karmAsrava kI dArzanika mImAMsA. 4 karma aura punarjanma kI vyAkhyA mAnava jIvana meM zrAvakAcAra : vartamAna pariprekSya 1 2 bhagavAna ariSTanemi kA jIvana darzana : eka aitihAsika adhyayana 10 kSapaka kI manovaijJAnikatA : sallekhanA ke sandarbha meM lekhaka kA nAma -pro. DaoN. rAjArAma jaina - DaoN. rAjendra kumAra baMsala 11 paryAvaraNa, Arthika vikAsa aura jaina dharma ke siddhAnta - DaoN. ramezacanda jaina - DaoN. basanta lAla jaina - DaoN. bhAgacandra jaina 'bhAgendu' 6 ratnakaraNDaka zrAvakAcAra meM varNita zrAvaka-vratoM kA vaiziSTya - DaoN. jinendra kumAra jaina 47-57 7 Anekanta and Interculturality - Samani Dr. Chaitya Prajna 58-64 8 jainadarzana : mana kA svarUpa 65-75 9 - - pavana kumAra jaina - DaoN. samaNI saMgItaprajJA - - prAcArya paM. nihAlacaMda jaina pRSTha saMkhyA 5-13 14-24 DaoN. saMgItA mehatA 25-30 31-39 40-46 76-85 86-91 92-96

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zramaNa saMskRti kI vyApakatA ___-pro. DaoN. rAjArAma jaina zramaNa-saMskRti kI garimA aura mahimA yugoM-yugoM se bar3I prabhAvaka evaM lokapriya rahI hai| eka purAtattvavettA kA kathana hai ki "yadi hama dasa mIla lambI trijyA (Radius) ko lekara bhArata ke kisI bhI sthAna ko kendra banAveM, to usake bhItara nizcaya se hI jaina-bhagnAvazeSoM ke darzana hoNge|" isIliye gahana khojabIna karake itihAsakAroM - DaoN. bhaNDArakara, DaoN. vi. nA. pANDeya, DaoN. kAmatA prasAda, DaoN. jyoti prasAda, DaoN. vA. de. zaraNa agravAla Adi ne bhArata meM isakI vyApakatA para paryApta prakAza DAlA hI hai| ataH maiM yahA~ usakI carcA na kara kevala videzoM meM usakI vyApakatA para prakAza DAlane kA prayatna kruuNgaa| saMskRti zabda kA artha bar3A vyApaka hai| usake antargata jJAna-vijJAna, manovijJAna evaM loka-jIvana ke aneka tatvoM kA samAveza mAnA gayA hai| sambandhita Alekha videzoM meM upalabdha kevala prAkRta-bhASA, jaina sAhitya, zramaNa-jaina samAja evaM jaina-maMdiroM kI vyApti-upalabdhi taka hI sImita rakhA gayA hai| purAvidoM ke anusAra I. san kI sahasrAbdiyoM pUrva zramaNa jaina saMskRti to videzoM meM vyApta thI hI usakI paravartI paramparA meM vizva-vijaya ke AkAMkSI yUnAnI AkrAntA sikandara-mahAn ke kalyANa nAmake jaina-muni ke satsaMga ke kAraNa usakA (sikandara) hRdaya-parivartana ho gayA thA aura anunaya-vinaya kara vaha unheM apane sAtha sarvodayI zramaNa-jaina saMskRti ke pracAra-prasAra karane hetu prAcyakAlIna takSazilA (pezAvara) se yUnAna le gayA thaa| kalyANa-muni ne bhI vahA~ tathA AsapAsa ke pradezoM meM paryApta mAtrA meM zramaNa saMskRti kA pracAra-prasAra aura vahA~ ke nivAsiyoM ko punaH jAgRta kara unheM apanA bhakta banA liyA thaa| yaha paramparA isake bAda bhI banI rhii| tatpazcAt deva-zAstra evaM guru ke parama ArAdhaka mahAsArthavAha koTibhaTa-zrIpAla, cArudatta, bhaviSyadatta, jinendradatta aura sAhU naTTala jaise jaina-vyApAriyoM ne bhI videzoM meM jAkara vyApAra to kiyA hI, apane sAtha ve tIrthakara-mUrtiyA~ tathA jaina-sAhitya bhI lete gaye jo vahA~ ke nivAsiyoM ko bheMTa meM pradAna kiye| isa prakAra unakA videzI-zramaNoM ke sAtha pUrvAgata maitrI-bhAva aura bhI adhikAdhika pragAr3ha hotA gyaa| isakI carcA brahma. lAmacIdAsa evaM ThAkura bulAkIdAsa (aThArahavIM sadI) ne apane-apane yAtrA-vivaraNoM meM kI hai|

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anekAnta 66/3, julAI-sitambara 2013 itihAsakAra DaoN. kItha kA kathana : prAcya bhAratIya itihAsa ke marmajJa DaoN. kItha ne videzoM meM zramaNa jaina saMskRti kI lokapriyatA aura usakI vyApakatA para acchA prakAza DAlA hai| unake anusAra- "........ beriMga jalaDamarumadhya (Isthmus) se lekara grInalaiNDa taka samasta uttarI dhruvasAgara ke taTavartI kSetroM meM zAyada hI aisA koI sthAna bacA ho, jahA~ zramaNa-saMskRti ke avazeSa prApta na hote hoN|" DaoN. kItha Age punaH kahate hai| ki - "sAiberiyA kI turka-jAtiyoM ke gamanAgamana se yaha zramaNa-dharma turkistAna (vartamAna TarkI) tathA madhya-eziyA ke anya dezoM yA unake pradezoM meM bhI phailaa| usake ahiMsA, aparigraha evaM vizva-maitrI ke siddhAntoM ne maMgoliyA, cIna, tibbata aura jApAna ko bhI prabhAvita kiyaa|" "sAiberiyA ke zramaNa-saMskRti ke raMga meM raMge hue loga pracura mAtrA meM beriMga jalaDamarumadhya ko pAra karake uttarI-amerikA ke pazcimI parvatIya-kSetra ke kinAre-kinAre Age bar3hate gaye aura isa prakAra ve uttarI-amerikA meM jA pahu~ce tathA unhoMne vahA~ zramaNa-saMskRti kA pracAra-prasAra kiyaa|" __ "AsTreliyA meM IsAI-dharma tathA aphrIkA meM islAma dharma ke pracAra ke pUrva vahA~ ke prAcIna jAtIya dharmoM para bhI zramaNoM ke Atma-jJAna-vijJAna evaM jainAcAra kA prabhAva par3A aura isa prakAra ukta donoM dvIpoM meM prabhAvaka rUpa se zramaNa-saMskRti kA pracAra huaa| kintu bAda meM sthitiyA~ badala gii|' isa prakAra eziyA, amerikA, aphrIkA, AsTreliyA aura yuropa meM zramaNa-saMskRti kI lokapriyatA bar3hI aura parivartita hotI rhii|" jaisA ki pUrva meM kahA jA cukA hai- IsA pUrva 326 ke navambara mAsa ke lagabhaga sikandaramahAn ne samakAlIna (akhaNDa bhArata ke-) paMjAba ke aTaka ke samIpastha takSazilA meM pahuMcakara jaba yaha sunA ki yahAM aneka jimnosophiSTa (nagna jaina-sAdhu) ekAnta meM rahakara kaThora tapasyA kara rahe haiN| taba jijJAsA-vaza usane (sikandara ne) apane aMzakreTasa ;vadamepAtaMjaneddha nAmake eka visvasta-pAtra ko una jimnosophiSToM (nagna zramaNa jaina sAdhuoM) ko apane pAsa bulA lAne hetu bhejaa| ___AjJAkArI usa aMzakreTasa ne tatkAla hI jAkara usa sAdhu-saMgha ke AcArya dolAmasa knasaMuneddha ko sikandara kA Adeza sunAyA aura use sikandara ke pAsa calane ko khaa| aMzakreTasa ne use yaha bhI batalAyA ki bheMTa hone para sikandara use (AcArya dolAmasa ko) pAritoSika bhI deNge| kintu upasthita na hone para vaha (sikandara) usa AcArya (daulAmasa) kA sira kATakara pheMka degaa|

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anekAnta 66/3, julAI-sitambara 2013 ukta vArtAlApa ke samaya AcArya daulAmasa (daulamus) bhUmi para sUkhI ghAsa (puAla) para leTe hue the aura leTe-leTe hI usa (sikandara-dUta-) aMzakreTasa ko unhoMne upekSA bharI vANI meM isa prakAra uttara diyA ki- "sarvazreSTha rAjA-Izvara kabhI bhI balAt kisI ko hAni nahIM phuNcaataa| vaha sRSTi ke prakAza, jala, mAnavIya-tana yA AtmA ko bhI nahIM banAtA aura na hI unakA saMhAra karatA hai|" punaH unhoMne kahA - "sikandara koI devatA nhiiN| kyoMki eka na eka dina use maranA hI hai aura vaha jo pAritoSika mujhe denA cAhatA hai vaha bhI mere liye nirarthaka hai| maiM to parigraha-tyAgI hU~, ghAsa para nizcinta hokara sotA huuN| jisa prakAra mA~ apane bacce kI AvazyakatAoM kI pUrti karatI hai, usI prakAra pRthivI mAtA aura hamAre bhaktagaNa merI bhI sabhI AvazyakatAoM kI pUrti karatI rahatI hai| bhikSAvRtti meM hameM bhojana mila hI jAtA hai| kabhI-kabhI nahIM bhI milatA hai, to usase bhI maiM kisI prakAra ke kaSTa kA anubhava nahIM krtaa| ataH sikandara bhale hI merI garadana kATa DAle kintu merI ajara-amara AtmA ko nahIM kATa sktaa| phira bhalA mujhe Dara kisa bAta kA? - mRtyorvibheSi mUDha, bhItaM mRtyuna munycti|" tuma jAkara usa sikandara ko kaha do ki dolAmasa tumhAre pAsa nahIM aaegaa| use tumhArI kisI bhI vastu kI AvazyakatA nahIM aura hA~, use yaha bhI kaha denA ki sikandara ko yadi mujhase kucha cAhie ho, to vaha sarvaprathama mujha jaisA (arthAt nagna jaina zramaNa-muni) bana jaay|" sikandara ke saMdeza-vAhaka aMzakreTasa ne lauTakara daulAmasa kA vaha nirbhIka uttara sikandara ko kaha sunAyA, to vaha sikandara bhI Azcaryacakita ho gayA aura usa vRddha nagna sAdhu daulAmasa se apanI parAjaya tatkAla svIkAra kara lii| usI samaya se usake (sikandara ke) mana meM yaha bhAvanA jAgRta ho uThI ki aise sAdhu ko yUnAna meM le jAkara usase dharma-pracAra karAnA adhika jana-hitakArI hogaa| yahI nirNaya kara vaha (sikandara) daulAmasa ke sAdhu-saMgha ke eka prabhAvI nagna-sAdhu kalyANa-muni ko apane sAtha yUnAna le gayA, jisane vahA~ zramaNa-saMskRti evaM jainadharma kA khUba pracAra kiyaa| yaha aitihAsika prasaMga itanA bhAvottejaka evaM rocaka siddha huA ki prasiddha itihAsakAra Mccridle3 Plutarch4 E.I. Thamos", Major Gereral, Furlaung6 Burnior? R.J.Stevension Adi ne apane-apane itihAsa-granthoM meM isakI vistAra pUrvaka carcA kI hai| mejara janarala pharlAga kA yaha kathana vizeSa mahattva kA hai, jo unhoMne apanI dIrghakAlIna khojoM ke niSkarSa rUpa meM prastuta kiyA hai| yathA - ......... "himAlaya ke pAra oksiyAnA, baikaTriyA aura kAspiyAnA bahuta pahile se hI usI prakAra se dhArmika siddhAntoM yA AcaraNa meM unnati kara rahe the, jaise bhAratIya jaina-bauddhoM ke haiN| aitihAsika saMdarbho se prAyaH hI aisA jJAta hotA hai ki I.pU. 7vIM sadI se bahuta pahale hI 20 (bIsa) se adhika sAdhu-tIrthakaroM ne pUrvIya saMsAra meM dharma kA pracAra kiyA thaa| hama bahuta ucita

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anekAnta 66/3, julAI-sitambara 2013 rIti se yaha vizvAsa kara sakate haiM ki jainadharma, atyanta prAcIna kAla se una sAdhuoM ke dvArA cIna se kAspiyAnA taka upadezita hotA thaa| vaha dharma oksiyAnA aura himAlaya ke uttara taka vardhamAna-mahAvIra se 2000 (do hajAra) varSa pUrva pracArita ho cukA thaa|| prApta saMdarbho ke anusAra TarkI (turkIstAna) ke istambola nagara se lagabhaga 657 kosa kI dUrI para sthita tArAtambola nAma ke nagara meM 17vIM sadI ke eka-eka vizAla jaina maMdira evaM jaina-upAzraya ke avazeSa mile haiN| yaha bhI patA lagA hai ki vahA~ sahasroM kI saMkhyA meM jaina-dharmAnuyAyI nivAsa karate the| vahA~ udayaprabha sUri nAma ke jainAcArya apane saMgha sahita yatra-tatra jainadharma kA pracAra karate the| samaya-samaya para vahA~ aneka dezoM ke jaina-yAtrI AyA karate the| samrATa zAhajahA~ ke zAsana-kAla meM san 1626 I. meM multAna (paMjAba, vartamAna meM pAkistAna meM sthita) kA eka jaina-yAtrI, jisakA nAma ThAkura bulAkIdAsa thA, vahA~ kI yAtrA karake lauTA thA, jisane rAjasthAnI bhASA meM apanI yAtrA ke vistRta saMsmaraNa likhe the| usake anusAra - .... tihA~ TarkI (turkistAna) meM istambola nagara basai chai| tihA~ thI 500 kosa babbarakoTa ch| tihA~ thI 70 kosa tArAtambola chai| pacchima-disa samiMdara kAMThI naur3I chai| taThe jaina-paDAsAda (prAsAda-mandira), pausadhasAla (upAzraya), sutapada (zrutapada-zAstra-bhaNDAra), aneka maMDana mAhaiM prathAva (vistAra) chai| zrAvaka-zrAvikA, sAdhu-sAdhvI aneka maMDana (bhavana) mAhai chai| tihA~ udayaprabhasUri yugapradhAna jAti (AcArya) ch| ta? saba prajA-rAjA jaina chai|" (isa yAtrA-vivaraNa kI pANDulipi dillI ke rUpanagara sthita zvetAmbara jaina maMdira ke zAstra-bhaNDAra meM surakSita hai| (pANDulipi prati saM. e54/14, pR.142) gandhAra-deza meM zramaNa-saMskRti - vartamAnakAlIna aphagAnistAna prAcInakAla meMgAndhAra-deza ke aMtargata AtA thaa|aphgaanistaan kA aparanAma AzvakAyana bhI milatA hai| yahA~ para 175 phITa khaDgAsana Adi-tIrthakara RSabhadeva kI mUrti upalabdha huI hai, jo parvata-zilA para tarAzI gaI thii| usake mastaka para tIna chatra bhI utkIrNita hai| isI mUrti ke AsapAsa anya 23 tIrthakara-mUrtiyA~ bhI zilAMkita haiM, unake darzanArtha viziSTa avasaroM para AsapAsa ke nivAsI jaina-yAtrI gaNa AyA karate the| cInI-paryaTaka hyenatsAMga (686-712 I.) ne bhI vahA~ kI yAtrA kI thI tathA vahA~ para sthita dasa deva-maMdiroM (jaina-maMdiroM) tathA vahA~ vicaraNa karane vAle aneka nirgranthoM (jaina-muniyoM) kI carcA kI hai| suprasiddha itihAsakAra DaoN. LaNa mNa Davavata ke anusAra 2 "hajarata IsA kI janma-zatAbdI se pUrva IrAka, zyAma evaM philIstIna (Adi anArya dezoM) meM saikar3oM kI saMkhyA meM zramaNa jaina-muni cAroM ora phaile hue the| pazcimI-eziyA, mizra, yUnAna evaM ethiyopiyA ke pahAr3oM

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anekAnta 66/3, julAI-sitambara 2013 aura gahana-vanoM meM una dinoM meM agaNita bhAratIya jaina-sAdhu vartamAna the| ve sAdhu vastroM taka kA parityAga kiye hue the|" ukta mUra- sAhaba Age likhate haiM ki ......... ina jaina sAdhuoM kA prabhAva yahUdI dharmAvalambiyoM para vizeSa rUpa se pdd'aa| unake isa prabhAva ke kAraNa kucha yahUdiyoM kI eka vizeSa jAti bana gaI thI, jo "essinI" - jAti ke nAma se prasiddha huI aura inhIM essinI-jAti ke logoM ne yahUdI-dharma ke kriyAkANDoM ke pAlana kA parityAga kara diyaa| ve nagaroM yA grAmoM se dUra ekAnta jaMgaloM yA pahAr3oM para ghAsa-phUsa kI kuTI banAkara unameM apanI sAdhanA karane lage the| ve jaina-muniyoM ke samAna hI ahiMsA ko apanA vizeSa-dharma samajhate hue mAMsAhAra ke sarvathA tyAgI ho gaye the| ve kaThora saMyamI-jIvana vyatIta karate the tathA niSparigrahI rahate hue rogiyoM evaM asahAya durbaloM kI nisvArtha bhAva se sevA kiyA karate the| mizra-deza meM aise sAdhuoM ko "therApUte (sthavira-putra) kahA jAtA thA, jisakA artha hotA hai sthitaprajJa maunii-saadhu| siyAhata-nAma-e-nAsira nAmake eka lekhaka ne likhA hai ki islAma-dharma ke kalandarI-tabake (sampradAya) para jainadharma kA paryApta prabhAva par3A thaa| ina kalandaroM kI jamAta (jAti) parivrAjakoM (jaina sAdhuoM) kI hI jamAta (jAti athavA saMgha yA samudAya) thii| ukta kalandaroM kI vizeSatA yaha thI ki koI bhI kalandara kisI eka ghara meM do rAta se adhika nahIM ThaharatA thaa| ve loga ina pAMca niyamoM ko kaThoratA ke sAtha pAlana karate the - (1) ahiMsA, (2) sAdhutA, (3) zuddhatA, (4) satyatA aura (5) aprigrhii-vRtti| unakI ahiMsaka-vRtti ke viSaya meM eka kathAnaka vizeSa rUpa se lokapriya huaa| tadanusAra eka bAra do kalandara-sAdhu yAtrA karate hue bagadAda (irAka) phuNce| unake sammukha eka zuturmurga ne eka gRhasvAminI kA bahumUlya hIroM kA hAra nigala liyaa| isa ghaTanA ko una kalandaroM ke atirikta anya kisI ne dekhA nahIM thaa| kintu ve anajAna bana gye| ataH usa (hAra) kI gahana khoja kI jAne lgii| nagara-kotavAla ko usa (hAra) ke guma jAne kI sUcanA dI gii| usa kotavAla ko ukta donoM kalandara-sAdhuoM para usa corI kA sandeha ho gyaa| una kalandaroM ne bhI usa mUka pakSI-zuturmurga kI hatyA karanA yA karAnA dharma-viruddha samajhakara usa tathya ko chipA liyaa| phalataH kotavAla ne una donoM kalandaroM para hI saMdeha vyakta kara unakI bhayaMkara piTAI kara unheM kaThora sajA dI, jise unhoMne sahana karake bhI usakA rahasya-bhedana nahIM kiyaa| ahiMsA kA aisA Adarza udAharaNa anyatra durlabha hai| suprasiddha itihAsakAra paM. vizvambharanAtha pANDe ke anusAra sAleha-abdula-kudsa bhI eka ahiMsAvAdI evaM aparigrAhI parivrAjaka jaina-muni thA, jise usake sudhAravAdI krAMtikArI vicAroM ke kAraNa hI kaTTarapaMthiyoM dvArA san 783 I. meM phA~sI kI sajA de dI gaI thii|

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anekAnta 66/3, julAI-sitambara 2013 zrIlaMkA meM zramaNa-saMskRti - prAcIna kAla meM zrIlaMkA bhArata kA hI eka aMga rahA thaa| isI kAraNa vaha bhI zramaNa-saMskRti kA eka mahatvapUrNa kendra rahA thaa| vahA~ ke utkhanana meM jaina-saMskRti ke aneka avazeSa, smAraka tathA tIrthakaroM kI aneka mUrtiyA~ milI haiN| vikrama kI 14vIM sadI meM jainAcArya jinaprabha-sUri ne apane caturasIti (-84) mahAtIrtha nAmaka kalpa meM vahA~ ke (16veM tIrthakara) - bhagavAna zAntinAtha ke mahAtIrtha kA ullekha kiyA hai| yathA - ......zrIlaMkAyA, pAtAlA - laMkAyAM trikUTagirau zrIzAntinAthaH13 ... / isI prasaMga meM unhoMne krauMca-dvIpa (vartamAna samarakanda bukhArA-nagara) tathA haMsadvIpa ke jaina mahAtIrthoM ke bhI ullekha kiye haiN| haMsadvIpa meM pAMcaveM tIrthakara sumatinAtha ke caraNa-bimboM kI sthApanA kI bhI carcA kI gaI hai| pro. e. sI. sena ne apane grantha (-On the Indian Sect of Jains) meM likhA hai ki zrIlaMkA ke rAjA pANDukAbhaya (I.pU. tIsarI sadI) ne vahA~ eka jaina-maMdira tathA nirgranthoM (jaina-sAdhuoM) ke lie eka upAzraya (udAsInAzrama) kA nirmANa karAyA thaa| yathA - The Ruling monarch pandukabhaya of cylon (Third century B.C.) builtA ViharAnd monastery for the Nirgranthas. maMgoliyA meM zramaNa-saMskRti - maMgoliyA apane caturdika phaile dezoM ke samAna hI zramaNa-saMskRti kA prabhAvaka kendra thaa| eka jijJAsu bhAratIya purAvid ne apanI yAtrA ke anubhava mumbaI samAcAra (-gujarAtI) patra dinAMka 04/08/1934 ke aMka meM isa prakAra prakAzita karAe the| - "Aja maMgoliyA - deza meM aneka khaNDita jaina-mUrtiyA~ aura jaina maMdiroM ke toraNa-dvAra bhUgarbha se nikale haiN| kucha vidvAnoM ne maMgoliyA kA aparanAma maMgalAvatI bhI batalAyA hai| RSabhadeva eka aitihAsika krAMtikArI nAma - vizva ke sAmAjika itihAsa kA avalokana karane se yaha Azcaryajanaka tathya sammukha AtA hai ki zramaNa-saMskRti ke janaka prathama tIrthakara RSabhadeva (athavA vRSabhadeva athavA AdinAtha yA Adi-tIrthakara) kA vyaktitva evaM kRtitva lakSa-lakSAbdiyoM taka vizvavyApI rahA hai| unake nAmoccAraNa meM videzoM ke sthAnIya jalavAyu ke prabhAvoM ke kAraNa bhale hI kucha parivartana AyA ho, kintu the ve RSabhadeva hii5| meDiTareriyana vAsiyoM dvArA ve reSebha, rekSebha, apolo tathA baila (RSabhadeva kA cinh) bhagavAn ke nAma se eka ArAdhya-deva ke rUpa meM pUjita haiN| rekSebha se unakA tAtparya nAbhi (RSabhadeva ke pitA) aura marudevI (RSabhadeva kI mAtA) ke putra RSabhadeva hI thA aura - cAlDiyana devatA- nAbU ko nAbhi (RSabhadeva ke pitA) tathA murI yA muru hI marudevI (RSabhadeva kI mAtA) svIkAra kiye gaye haiN|17

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11 anekAnta 66/3, julAI-sitambara 2013 AramIniyA ke nivAsiyoM ke rekSebha nizcaya hI Adi tIrthakara RSabhadeva the|18 kucha itihAkAroM ke anusAra sIriyA kA pUrva-nAma zrIRSabha (sI-zrI, riyA-RSabha) ke nAma para rakhA gayA thaa| vartamAna meM usake eka nagara kA nAma rASAphA hai, jo sthAnIya jalavAyu ke prabhAva se RSabha kA hI parivartita nAma hai|9 pUrvakAlIna soviyata saMgha ke ArameniyA meM rezAvAnI nAma kA eka nagara tathA bevilona kA eka nagara isavekajUra bhI RSabha ke parivartita nAma hai|20 __ phinIziyanoM ke atirikta akeDiyA, sumeriyA aura mesopoTAmiyA ke bhI sindhu nadI ke ghATa-pradeza se sAMskRtika aura vyApArika sambandha the aura vahA~ ke vyApArI RSabha ke kRtitva evaM vyaktitva se prabhAvita hokara unake sarvodayI siddhAntoM ko apane-apane dezoM meM pracArArtha lete gaye the|21 tibbata, bhUTAna, nepAla Adi meM zramaNa-saMskRti - ukta dezoM tathA pArzvavartI kSetroM meM zramaNa-saMskRti ke yatra-tatra pracura mAtrA meM avazeSa milate haiN| unase spaSTa hotA hai ki purAkAla meM vahA~ pracura mAtrA meM jainadharmAnuyAyI nivAsa karate raheM aura unhoMne vahA~ jaina-maMdira, jaina-tIrtha evaM tIrthakara-mUrtiyoM ke nirmANa karAe the| hindI vizva koza (tRtIya khaNDa, pR.128) ke anusAra rUsI paryaTaka noTovica ko tibbata ke himina-maTha meM pAlI-(prAkRta) bhASA kI eka pANDulipi prApta huI thI, jisameM likhA thA ki IsA ne bhArata tathA bhoTa (tibbata) deza jAkara vahA~ ajJAtavAsa kiyA thA tathA vahA~ unhoMne jaina-sAdhuoM ke sAtha sAkSAtkAra bhI kiyA thaa| ukta pANDulipi ke anusAra bhoTa (tibbata) deza meM bhagavAn mahAvIra kA vihAra huA thA tathA vahA~ ke nivAsI DimarI evaM DiMgarI jAti ke loga digambara jaina the| DimarI evaM DiMgarI digambara zabda kA hI rUpAntarita rUpa hai| vahA~ jaina purAtAttvika-sAmagrI paryApta mAtrA meM upalabdha hotI hai| purAvidoM ke anusAra nepAla sahasrAbdiyoM pUrva se hI zramaNa-saMskRti kA gar3ha thaa| vahA~ (nepAla) ke rASTriya-abhilekhAgAra meM aneka prAcIna-grantha surakSita haiM, jinameM ardhamAgadhI-Agama ke "prazna vyAkaraNa sUtra" (paNhavAgaraNa) kI prAcIna pANDulipi bhI surakSita hai| nepAla kI rAjadhAnI kAThamANDU ke pAsa bAgamatI-nadI ke kinAre pATana ke zaMkhamUla nAmaka sthAna se utkhanana meM lagabha 1400 caudaha sausa varSa prAcIna bhagavAna candraprabha tIrthakara kI kAyotsarga-mudrA vAlI eka mUrti upalabdha huI hai, jisakI pratiSThA ke liye vahA~ eka vizAla jaina maMdira kA nirmANa karAyA jA rahA hai| prApta sUcanA ke anusAra vartamAna meM vahA~ lagabhaga 500 jaina-parivAra nivAsa kara rahe haiN| bhUTAna nivAsI jaina brahmacArI lAmacIdAsa ne san 1771 meM apanI kailAza-parvata kI pada-yAtrA ke prasaMga meM cIna, tibbata, tAtAra, koriyA-cIna, mahAcIna, khAsacIna, ko-cIna

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anekAnta 66/3, julAI-sitambara 2013 tathA kucha samudrI-TApuoM kI yAtrA kI thI aura vahA~ ke AMkhoM dekhe tathyoM kA saMkSipta varNana kiyA thaa| isa pada-yAtrA meM unheM 22 varSa lage the| usakA A~khoM dekhA rocaka varNana aura apane anubhavoM ko unhoMne apanI "merI kailAza-yAtrA" nAmakI pustikA meM grathita kiyA hai| jo vI. ni. saM. 2486 (san 1956) meM meraTha zahara se prakAzita huI thii| yaha yAtrA-vRttAnta usI prakAra mahatvapUrNa hai, jisa prakAra megAsthanIja, phAhiyAna, dvenatsaMga, itsiMga evaM alaverunI Adi videzI paryaTakoM ke yaatraa-vRtaant| brahmacArI lAmacIdAsa ne kailAza parvata ke yAtrA mArga meM pada-pada para jaina-mUrtiyoM ke avasthita rahane kI carcA kI hai| bra. lAmacIdAsa ke anusAra paikiMga nagara meM tunAvAre jainiyoM ke 300 jaina mandira the aura unake jainAgama cInI-lipi meM likhita the|23 unakI yAtrA- vivaraNa ke kucha rocaka evaM sUcaka tathya nimna prakAra haiM :1. ko-cIna muluka kI sImA para bahAvala-pahAr3a kI ghATI para kosa 250 gye| isa pahAr3a para bAhUvalI (prathama tIrthakara RSabhadeva ke dvitIya putra) kI pratimAe~, khar3e yoga (kAyotsarga) mudrA meM bar3I-bar3I U~cI jagahoM para hai| (dhyAtavya hai ki jaina itihAsa ke anusAra bAhubali kA rAjya isI pradeza meM thA aura jisakI rAjadhAnI takSazilA thA) 2. ko-cIna mulka ke vIdama-deza hovI-nagara isa deza meM kaI nagaroM meM AmeDhanA-jAti ke jainI rahate haiN| inakI pratimAe~ siddha (tIrthakara ke nirvANa-kalyANaka) ke AkAra (AkRti) kI haiN| 3. cIna muluka ke giragama-deza, DhAMkula nagara meM yaha yAtrI (lAmacIdAsa) gyaa| isa deza kI rAjadhAnI isI DhAMkula-nagara meM hai| yahAM ke rAjA evaM prajA sabhI jainadharmAnuyAyI haiN| ye sabhI loga tIrthakara ke avadhijJAna kI pUjana karate haiN| inhIM pratimAoM kI manaHparyayajJAna tathA kevalajJAna kI bhI pUjA karate haiN| 4. cIna muluka ke paikina zahara meM tunAvAre (jAti ke) jainiyoM ke zikharavanda 300 jina-mandira haiM jinameM kAyotsarga evaM padmAsanI mudrAoM meM jinendra mUrtiyA~ haiN| inakA eka hAtha para keza-loMca kara rahA hai (arthAt ye mUrtiyA~ dIkSA-kalyANaka kI haiN)| ukta maMdiroM meM svarNa ke citra bane hue haiN| chatra hare panna evaM motiyoM ke DibbedAra haiN| sone-cAMdI ke kalpavRkSa bane haiN| ina maMdiroM meM vanoM kI racanA hai jo dIkSA-kalyANaka ke sUcaka haiN| tibbata-deza meM zrRMgAra-deza ke varajaMgala-nagara meM lAmacIdAsa ke kathanAnusAra vAghAmAre jAti ke 8000 jaina parivAra nivAsa karate haiN| unake yahAM para tIna, pAMca evaM sAta guMbaja vAle 2000 sundara jaina maMdira haiN| eka-eka maMdira para sau-sau, do-do sau kalaza suzobhita haiN| ina

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anekAnta 66/3, julAI-sitambara 2013 maMdiroM maM RSabhadeva kI mAtA marudevI ke bimba bhI virAjamAna haiN| ina maMdiroM meM ratnoM aura puSpoM ke barasane ke cinha chatoM meM aMkita haiN| tibbata ke hI erUla nagara meM jainI rAjA rAjya karatA hai| isa nagara meM mAvare jAti ke jaina nivAsa karate haiN| yahAM eka nadI ke kinAre 20,000 jaina maMdira haiM aura jeTha vadI terasa, caudasa ko dUra-dUra ke jaina yAtrI vandanA karane AyA karate haiN| nadI ke kinAre hI saMgamaramara patthara kA 150 gaja U~cA sundara meruparvata bhI banA huA hai| jinAbhiSeka, melA-samAroha Adi ke kAraNa yahA~ harSa kA vAtAvaraNa sadaiva banA rahatA hai| tibbata ke anya nagara meM sohanA jAti ke jainI nivAsa karate haiN| yahA~ ke jainI tIrthakaroM kI rAjya-vibhUti ko vandana-namaskAra karate haiN| mUrtiyoM ke sira para mukuTa baMdhe hue haiN| tibbata kI dakSiNa dizA meM 80 koza kI dUrI para sundara vanoM evaM sarovaroM se samRddha nagara meM brahmacArI lAmacIdAsa lagAtAra eka varSa taka rhaa| yahA~ ke jainI jaina paMthI haiN| ye loga tIrthakara ke dIkSA kalyANaka ke pUjaka haiN| yahA~ para unake 104 zikhara banda sundara ratna jaTita mandira haiN| yahA~ vanoM maM bhI tIsa hajAra jaina maMdira haiM inameM nandIzvara-dvIpa kI AkRti ke bAvana (52) caityAlaya bhI nirmita haiN| inhIM kAraNoM se use vanasthalI bhI kahA jAtA hai| brahmacArI lAmacIdAsa ne vahA~ ke jainAgamoM kA zravaNa kara tathA prabhAvita hokara gyAraha pratimAeM dhAraNa kI thiiN| yahA~ para samaya-samaya para jaina samAroha hote rahate haiN| tibbata-cIna kI sImA kI dakSiNI-sImA meM hanuvara-deza meM 10-10, 15-15 kosa para jaina panthiyoM ke aneka nagara the jinameM aneka jaina maMdira the| isI hanavura-deza ke uttara meM svarga ke samAna sundara dharmAva nagara kI uttara dizA meM eka vizAla vana hai jisameM tIna paMthiyoM, bIsapaMthiyoM, tetIsa-panthiyoM trepana-paMthiyoM athavA aneka paMthiyoM ke jaina maMdira haiN| isa anuvara deza kA rAjA evaM prajA sabhI jainI haiN| isa deza kI kula AbAdI kaI lAkhoM meM hai| isa pradeza meM jaMgalI jAnavara adhika haiN| ataH unase surakSA ke lie nagara-koTa ke dvAra para eka prahara dina rahate hue bhI banda kara diye jAte haiN| yahA~ se bra. lAmacIdAsa kailAza (aSTApada) parvata kI padayAtrA ke liye cala pdd'e| jisakI carcA pIche kI jA cukI hai| kramazaH agale aMka meM bI - 5/40 sI, sekTara - 34 dhavala girI - noeDA -201301 u.pra.

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'adhyAtma-rahasya' meM varNita svAnubhUti kA svarUpa evaM prakriyA ___- DaoN. rAjendra kumAra baMsala AcArya kalpa paM. AzAdharajI kI advitIya jaina-sAhitya sAdhanA, agAdha buddhi kauzala evaM svAnubhava se paripUrNa dharmAmRta rUpa jainAgama sAra unakI kRti 'adhyAtma-rahasya' meM sahaja hI dRSTavya hai| paM. jI ne jaina-jainettara sAhitya kA viSad anubhava kara satraraha adhyAyoM meM dharmAmRta kI racanA kii| apane pitA zrI kI preraNA se Apane dharmAmRta ke aThArahaveM adhyAya ke rUpa meM 'adhyAtma-rahasya' kI racanA kI, jo saMyogavaza unakI bhAvanAnusAra dharmAmRta kA aMga nahIM bana skii| yoga arthAt dhyAna/samAdhi viSayaka hone ke kAraNa isakA apara nAma yogoddIpana bhI haiN| isakI puSTi nimna samApti sUcaka vAkya se hotI hai - 'ityAzAdhara-viracita-dharmAmRtanAmni sUkti-saMgrahe yogIddIpanayo nAmaSTAdazo'dhyAyaH' paM.jI ne ukta vAkya meM sUkti-saMgraha vizeSaNa lagAyA hai| yaha vizeSaNa isa tathya kI puSTi karatA hai ki paM. AzAdhara jI ne dharmAmRta meM jo likhA hai vaha arahaMtadeva aura unakI gaNadhara-AcArya paramparA ke pramANa puruSoM kI artha sUcaka sUktiyoM kA saMgraha hai, jinaAgama svarUpa hI haiN| ___ 'adhyAtma-rahasya' meM saMskRta bhASA ke 72 zloka haiN| isakI pratipAdya viSaya vastu adhyAtma arthAt AtmA se paramAtmA hone sambandhita rahasya arthAt marma kA bodha karAtA hai| yaha kRti dharmAmRta rUpa bhavya prAsAda kA svarNa-kalaza hai| ise adhyAtma-yoga-vidyA bhI kahI jA sakatI hai| adhyAtma-rahasya kA dArzanika AdhAra AcAryoM kRta samayasAra, jJAnArNava amRtAzIti, bhAvapAhuDa amRtakalaza, paramAtmaprakAza, samAdhitaMtra, iSTopadeza, tatvArthasAra, yogasAra Adi adhyAtma graMtha haiN| sva. zrI paM. jugala kizora mukhtAra 'yugavIra' ne zrama-sAdhanA pUrvaka vyAkhyA likhakara vIrasevA mandira dillI se varSa 1957 meM prakAzita kI thI, jo aba anupalabdha hai| __ AcArya kundakunda ne mokSapAhuDa meM aura AcArya pUjyapAda ne samAdhitaMtra meM AtmA ke tIna bheda kiye haiM - bahirAtmA, aMtarAtmA aura prmaatmaa| paM. AzAdharajI ne inheM kramazaH svAtmA, zuddhasvAtmA aura parabrahma ke rUpa meM yuktipUrvaka nirUpita kiyA hai| isa prakAra anAdi avidyA yukta svAtmA (dravya dRSTi zuddhAtmA) se parabrahma-paramAtmA rUpa pUrNa vikasita muktAtmA kI prApti hI adhyAtma-rahasya kA lakSya hai, jo sabhI jIvAtmAoM ko iSTa hai| paM. AzAdharajI ke

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anekAnta 66/3, julAI-sitambara 2013 15 anusAra karmajanita zArIrika duHkha-sukha meM apanatva rUpa avidyA kA chedana bheda-vijJAna janya samyagjJAna evaM upekSA rUpa vidyA se hotA hai| isakA prAraMbha zruti, mati, dhyAti aura dRSTi ina cAra sopAnoM sahita AtmAnubhUti evaM zuddha upayoga se hotA hai| zuddha upayoga kA sAdhaka zrutAbhyAsa, zuddhAtmA evaM bhagavatI bhavitavyatA kI bhAvanA hai| Apane ratnatrayAtmaka zuddha-svAtmA ko hI yathArtha mokSamArga svIkAra kara vyavahAra evaM nizcaya donoM ko kalyANakArI ghoSita kiyA hai| maMgalAcaraNa : bhagavAn mahAvIra evaM gautama gaNadhara kI vaMdanA - ___ jo bhaktiyoga meM anurakta supAtra nikaTa bhavyoM ko apanA pada (siddhatva) pradAna karate haiM arthAt jinakI saccI-saviveka-bhAvapUrNa bhakti se bhavyaprANI una jaise hI ho jAte haiM, una jJAnalakSmI ke dhAraka zrI bhagavAna mahAvIra aura zrI gautama gaNadhara ko namaskAra ho (zloka 1) / yaha ArAdhya se ArAdhaka hone sUcaka zloka hai| punazca una sadguruoM ko namaskAra hai jinake vacana rUpI dIpaka se prakAzita (yoga) mArga para ArUr3ha yogI-dhyAnImokSa-lakSmI ko prApta karane meM samartha hotA hai (zloka 2) / sadguru do prakAra ke hote haiM - pahalA vyavahAra-sadguru jisakI vANI ke nimitta se yogAbhyAsI ko zuddhAtmA ke sAkSAtkAra kI dRSTi prApta hotI hai, aura dUsarA - nizcaya-sadguru, 'Atmaiva gururAtmanaH' arthAt AtmA hI AtmA kA sad guru haiM jisakA aMtaranAda ho aura sunAI pdd'e| aMtarAtmA kI AvAja hI sanmArga-darzaka hai (zloka 3) / pAragAmI yogI kA svarUpa - jisake zuddhasvAtmA meM nijAtmA kI rAga-dveSa-moha rahita avasthA meM- sadguru ke prasAda se zrati, mati, dhyAti aura dRSTi - ye cAra zaktiyA~ kramazaH siddha ho jAtI haiM, vaha yogI yoga kA pAragAmI hotA hai (zloka 3) / isa prakAra Atma sAkSAtkAra karane vAlA yogI aura usakI dRSTi dene vAlA guru hI sadguru haiN| zrI paM. AzAdharajI ne AtmA ke tIna bheda kiye hai : bahirAtmA svAtmA, zuddha svAtmA antarAtmA zuddha svAtmA, aura parabrahma prmaatmaa| bahirAtmA svAtmA kA svarUpa - jo AtmA niraMtara hRdaya-kamala ke madhya meM- usakI karNikA meM - ahaM zabda ke vAcya rUpa se - 'maiM' ke bhAva ko lie hue pazuoM, mUr3hoM taka ko svasaMvedana (svAnubhUti) se jJAniyoM ko spaSTa pratibhAsita hotA hai, vaha svAtmA hai (shlok-4)| paryAya kI dRSTi se svAtmA ke zuddha aura azuddha do bheda ho jAte haiN| aMtarAtmA (zuddha svAtmA) kA svarUpa - __ svAtmA hI jaba kisI se rAga-dveSa-moha nahIM karatA huA samyagdarzana-jJAna-cAritra rUpa pariNata hotA hai, zuddha-svAtmA kahalAtA hai (shlok-5)| paramAtmA (parabrahma) kA svarUpa - jo nirantara Anandamaya-caitanya rUpa se prakAzita rahatA hai, jisako yogI jana dhyAte haiM, jisake dvArA yaha vizva Atma vikAsa kI preraNA pAtA hai, jise indroM kA samUha namaskAra karatA hai, jisake jagata kI vicitratA vyavasthita hotI hai, jisakA hArdika zraddhAna Atma-vikAsa kA

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16 anekAnta 66/3, julAI-sitambara 2013 mArga (padavI) hai aura jisameM lIna honA mukti hai, aisA vaha paramabrahma rUpa sarvajJa-sUrya mere hRdaya meM sadA prakAzita ho (zloka 72) / kevalajJAnamaya sarvajJa hI paramaprakAza rUpa parabrahma hai| yogI kI cAra siddhiyoM (sopAnoM) kA svarUpa 1. zruti - zruta : jinendra deva dvArA upadezita aisI guruvANI jo prathamataH jJAta evaM upadiSTa-dhyeya ko arthAt dhyAna ke viSaya bhUta zuddhAtmA ko dharmyadhyAna tathA zukla dhyAna meM dRSTa (pratyakSa) aura iSTa (Agama) ke avirodha rUpa Ayojita evaM vyavasthita karatI hai usakA nAma zruti hai (zloka 6) / aisI dharma dezanA jo svAtmA ko prazasta dhyAna kI ora lagAkara zuddhAtmA-dhyeya ko prApta karAne kI doSa rahita vidhi hai, vaha zruti hai / 'ekAgraciMtA nirodhodhyAnaM' - ekAgra meM ciMtA nirodha ko dhyAna kahA hai| zuddhAtmA meM cittakRti ke - niyaMtraNa evaM cintAntara ke abhAva ko dhyAna kahate haiM, jo sva-saMvittimaya hotA hai| 2. mati - buddhi : guruvANI se prApta zruti ke dvArA samyaka rUpa se nirUpita zuddha-svAtmA jisa mati yA buddhi se yuktipUrvaka naya pramANa dvArA siddha kiyA jAtA hai - adhyAtma zAstra meM mati kahI jAtI hai (zloka - 7) / jo padArtha jisa rUpa meM sthita hai usako usI rUpa meM dekhatI huI dhI (mati) jo sadA AtmAbhimukha hotI hai vaha buddhi ke rUpa grAhya hai; taba he bandhu usa buddhi ke Atma-sambandha ko samajho (zloka 17) / aisI sva-para prakAzita buddhi kA nAma samyagjJAna hai| 3. dhyAna rUpa pariNata buddhi - dhyAti :- jo buddhi pravAha rUpa se zuddhAtmA meM sthira vartatI hai - apane zuddhAtmA kA anubhava karatI hai - aura zuddhAtmA se bhinna ke jJAna kA sparza nahIM karatI usa buddhi (jJAna kI paryAya) ko dhyAti kahate haiM (zloka 8 ) / dhyAna rUpa pariNata tathA dhyeya ko samarpita buddhi hI dhyAtI kahalAtI hai| 4. dRSTi (divya dRSTi) : jisake dvArA rAgAdi vikalpoM se rahita jJAna zarIrI svAtmA apane zuddha svarUpa meM dikhAI de aura jisa viziSTa bhAvanA ke bala para sampUrNa zrutajJAna spaSTataH apane meM pratyakSa rUpa se pratibhAsita hotA hai - vaha adhyAtma-yoga-vidyA meM dRSTi-divyadRSTi kahI jAtI hai (zloka 9) / athavA jo darzana - jJAna lakSaNa se Atma-lakSya ko acchI taraha anubhava kare - jAne vaha saMvitti 'dRSTi' kahalAtI hai (zloka 10) / zuddha svAtmA kA sAkSAtkAra karAne vAlI vaha dRSTi samasta duHkhadAyI vikalpoM ko bhasma karatI hai, vahI paramabrahya rUpa hai aura yogIjanoM dvArA upAdeya hokara pUjya - prArthanIya hai (zloka 11) / zrutAbhyAsa kA uddezya : divyadRSTi evaM zuddhopayoga kI prApti - budhajanoM dvArA zrutasAgara (zAstrAbhyAsa) ke maMthana kA uddezya yA saMvitti kI prApti hai jisase amRta rUpa mokSa prApta hotA hai; anya saba to manISiyoM kA buddhi kauzala niHsAra hai (zloka 12) / zrutAbhyAsa ke dvArA zubha - upayoga kA Azraya karatA huA zuddha-svAtmA zuddha upayoga meM hI adhikAdhika sthira rahane kI bhAvanA evaM zreSTha-niSThA dhAraNa karatA hai (shlok-55)| isI kAraNa se svAdhyAya ko parama tapa kahA hai|

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anekAnta 66/3, julAI-sitambara 2013 karmabaMdharUpa saMsAra duHkha kA kAraNa : avidyA T prema (tIna vedarUpa pariNati), rati, mAyA, lobha aura hAsya yaha pA~ca (veda sahita sAta ) rAga ke bheda haiN| krodha, mAna, arati, zoka, bhaya aura jugupsA yaha chaH bheda dveSa haiM / darzana mohanIya ke mithyAtva sahita rAga hI moha kahalAtA hai| rAga-dveSa-moha baMdha kA kAraNa hone se mumukSuoM dvArA upekSaNIya hone para bhI ajJAnI jIva karmoM se prerita hokara 'yaha merA hita hai' yA 'yaha merA ahita hai' aisA mAnatA huA padArthoM meM rAga yA dveSa karatA hai aura karma-baMdha se pIr3ita hotA hai (zloka 28) / moha ke kAraNa vaha aisA mAnatA hai ki sugati kI prApti se indriya-viSayoM kA bArambAra sukha aura durgati se indriya-viSayoM kI aprApti rUpa dukha hotA hai| usakI yaha mAnyatA avidyA rUpa hai aura pApa kA bIja hai (zloka 22 ) / isa avidyA kA chedana samyagjJAna evaM upekSArUpa vidyA se zakya haiM jisakA varNana Age kiyA hai| 17 uttama sukha (mokSa) kA mArga : ratnatraya ratnatraya uttama sukha (mokSa) kA mArga hai / ratnatraya arthAt samyagdarzana - jJAna - cAritra rUpa zuddha-svAtmA (aMtarAtmA) hI yarthAthataH mokSamArga hai| ataH mumukSuoM dvArA vahI pRcchanIya, abhilASaNIya aura darzanIya hai (zloka 14) / anyatra bhaTakane kI AvazyakatA nahIM hai| - zuddha cidAnandamaya svAtmA ke prati tadrupa pratIti, anubhUti aura sthiti meM abhimukhatA hI kramazaH gauNa (vyavahAra) samyagdarzana - jJAna - cAritra hai aura usa pratIti, anubhUti tathA sthiti meM upayoga kI pravRtti mukhya (nizcaya) samyagdarzana - jJAna - cAritra hai (zloka 15) / zuddhasvAtmA kI pratIti darzana, anubhUtijJAna aura sthiti cAritra hai| inakI abhimukhatA vyavahAra ratnatraya hai aura upayukta arthAt upayoga kI pravRtti nizcaya ratnatraya hai| nizcaya ratnatraya kI mahattA - samyagdarzana-jJAna-cAritrarUpa triratna ko svAtmA kI buddhi meM dhAraNa-zraddhAna kara jaba jIva zuddha-svAtmA kA isa taraha saMvedana (anubhava) karatA hai ki saMvedyamAna (anubhava meM Ane vAlI) svAtmA meM svayaM meM lIna ho jAtA hai tabhI triratnamaya guNoM kA ucca vikAsa hotA hai (zloka 16) / ise hI jJAnAnubhUti kahate haiN| vyavahAra - nizcaya samyagdarzana apane zuddha-buddha-cidrUpa svabhAva se bhinna AtmA kI chaH dravyoM tathA sAta- tatvoM ke prati abhiruci vyavahAra samyagdarzana hai| apane zuddha-buddha-cidrUpa svabhAva kI ora pravRtta AtmAbhimukhI ruci kA nAma nizcaya samyagdarzana hai (zloka 64) / vyavahAra - nizcaya samyagjJAna : (savikalpa aura nirvikalpa ) - para-padArthoM ke grahaNa ko gauNa kara nirvikalpa svasaMvedana ko nizcaya samyagjJAna kahate haiN| para-padArthoM ke grahaNa rUpa savikalpa jJAna ko vyavahAra-samyagjJAna kahate haiN| bheda vizeSa tathA paryAya ko vikalpa kahate haiM, jo inase sahita haiM vaha savikalpa aura jo inase rahita haiM vaha nirvikalpa kahA jAtA hai (zloka 68) / jo jJAna AtmA se bhinna para-padArtha se saMsarga ko prApta ho rahA ho tathA vaha kisI zabda samUha kA viSaya banA huA ho, tabhI savikalpa kahalAtA hai (zloka 69) /

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18 anekAnta 66/3, julAI-sitambara 2013 vyavahAra-nizcaya samyak cAritra - AtmA kI sarva-sAvadya-yoga (mana-vacana-kAya) se hiMsAdi kAryoM se nivRtti gauNa (vyavahAra) samyakcAritra hai aura karma-chedana se utpanna Ananda-paramAnandamaya vRtti mukhya (nizcaya) samyakcAritra haiM (zloka 70) / ubhaya ratnatraya kI kalyANakAritA kI ghoSaNA - __ pUrNa Atma vikAsa meM ubhaya ratnatraya kalyANakArI hai jo apUrNatayA alpazuddhi se pUrNa zuddhi kI ora le jAtA hai aura sAdhana-sAdhya kA kArya karatA hai| paM. jI ke anusAra jo jIva kAlalabdhi Adi ke vaza se tatvArtha ke abhiniveza rUpa-zraddhAtmaka zuddhi ko, tattvArtha nirNayarUpa samyagjJAnAtmaka zuddhi ko tathA tapazcaraNamayI samyakcAritra rUpa zuddhi ko, jo vikala vyavahAra rUpa apUrNa hai, dhAraNa karate hai| ve svAtma pratyaya-nijAtma pratItirUpa samyagdarzana, svAtma vitti-nijAtmajJAnarUpa samyagjJAna aura tallInatAmaya-nijAtma nimagnatArUpa samyak cAritramayI pUrNa Atma-zuddhi ko prApta karane vAle bhavya siMha haiM (zloka 71) / AtmAbhimukhI svAtmA kI bhAvanA evaM dhAraNA kA svarUpa - 1. akartA-ubhoktA svarUpa kI bhAvanA : svAtmA ko apane zuddha meM sthira tathA dRr3ha karane hetu sAdhaka bhAvanA bhAtA hai ki 'maiM hI maiM hU~', isa AtmajJAna se bhinna anya meM, 'yaha maiM hU~, maiM yaha karatA hU~', maiM yaha bhogatA hU~', isa prakAra kI cetanA-vicAra ko tyAgatA hai (zloka 18) / AtmajJAna se bhinna anya kArya ko cirakAla taka buddhi meM dhAraNa nahIM karatA, yadi prayojanavaza kucha samaya ke lie vacana aura kAya se karanA bhI par3e to anAsakti bhAva se karanA cAhiye (samAdhitaMtra zloka 50) / isase kartRtva-bhoktRtva bhAva visarjita hotA hai| 2. rAgAdika vibhAvoM ke vinAza kI bhAvanA : rAga-dveSa-moha AtmA ke atIva ugra zatru haiM unakI anutpatti aura vinAza ke liye svAtmA bar3I tatparatApUrvaka nitya hI apane zuddha-buddha-cidrUpa-svAtmA kI bhAvanA bhAtA hai (zloka 26) / isase rAgAdi ke prati svAmitva bhAva visarjita hotA hai / 3. bhAva-dravya-nokarma ke tyAga kI bhAvanA : karma aura karma-phala se Asakti ghaTAne evaM unase nivRtti hetu svAtmA bhAvanA bhAtA hai ki rAgAdika bhAva karma, jJAnAvaraNAdika dravyakarma aura zarIrAdika nokarma merA svarUpa nahIM hai, mujhase bhinna bAhya padArtha haiM - maiM unheM tyAgatA hU~ aura unase upekSA dhAraNa karatA hU~ (zloka 60) / AtmA dvArA nirantara anubhava kiye jAne vAle rAga-dveSa-krodhAdi bhAva, (kArya meM kAraNa ke upacAra se) bhAva-karma hai tathA karmarUpa pariNata pudgalapiNDa meM jo ajJAna tathA rAgadveSAdika phaladAna kI zakti hai, jisake vaza saMsArI jIva rAga-dveSa karatA hai, vaha bhAva karma hai (zloka 61) / jisa jJAnAvaraNAdika rUpa pudgala karma ke dvArA caitanya svarUpa AtmA vikArI hokara karma-anurUpa-avasthA dhAraNa karatA hai, dravya-karma hai (zloka 62) / tathA jIva meM jo aMgAdika hai unakI vRddhi-hAni ke liye jo pudgala-samUha karmodayavaza

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anekAnta 66/3, julAI-sitambara 2013 tadrUpa vikAra ko prApta hotA hai, vaha nokarma hai ( zloka 63) / 'no' zabda alpa, laghu yA kiMcita artha kA sUcaka hai| isase mamatva bhAva visarjita hotA hai / 4. heya-upAdeya viveka bhAvanA : siddhi arthAt svAtmopalabdhi ke liye heya - upAdeya, sata-asata kA jJAna aura tadanusAra bhAvanA apekSita hai / vyavahAranaya kI apekSA bAhya viSayaka mithyAdarzana-jJAna-cAritra heya haiM, asata hai aura samyagdarzana - jJAna - cAritra upAdeya (grAhya) haiM aura sata haiN| nizcayanaya kI dRSTi se mithyAdarzanAdika heya ora asat haiM tathA adhyAtma viSayaka samyagdarzanAdika upAdeya haiM, jo ki sat haiM (zloka 65) / paramazuddha nizcayanaya se mere lie na kucha heya hai aura na kucha upAdeya (grAhya) hai| mujhe to svAtmopalabdhi rUpa siddhi cAhiye, cAhe vaha yatnasAdhya ho yA ayatnasAdhya, upAya karane se mile yA binA upAya ke mile (zloka 65) / jo niSThAtmA-svAtmasthita kRta-kRtya ho gayA hai usake lie bAhya abhyaMtara tyAga-grahaNa kA prazna hI nahIM utthtaa| bhavitavyatA AdhArita ahaMkAra - visarjana kI bhAvanA : jIvana meM ahaMkAra aura mamakAra ke saMkalpa-vikalpa dAruNa AkulatA ke nimitta banate haiN| inakA visarjana bhagavatI bhavitavyatA kA Azraya lene se hotA hai / kartRtva ke ahaMkAra ke tyAga hetu kahA hai ki 'yadi sadguru ke upadeza se jinazAsana ke rahasya ko Apane ThIka nizcita kiyA hai, samajhA hai - to 'maiM karatA hU~' isa ahaMkAra pUrNa kartRtva kI bhAvanA ko chor3o aura bhagavatI- bhavitavyatA kA Azraya grahaNa karo (zloka 66) / koI bhI kArya aMtaraMga aura bahiraMga athavA upAdAna aura nimitta, niyati (kAlalabdhi) puruSArtha aura bhavitavyatA (honahAra ) ina pA~ca samavAyapUrvaka hotA hai| ataH kartRtva ke ahaMkAra ke visarjana hetu puruSArthapUrvaka kArya karanA iSTa haiM kintu phala kI eSaNA (abhilASA) bhavitavyatA para chor3anA caahiye| isIliye jaina Agama meM svAmI samantabhadra ne svayaMbhUstotra meM bhavitavyatA ko alaMdhya-zakti kahA hai jise yahA~ 'bhagavatI' zabda se sambodhita kiyA hai| smaraNIya hai ki yahA~ kArya meM kartRtva ke ahaMkAra ke tyAga kI bAta kahI hai na ki kArya ke tyAgane kii| binA kArya ke bhavitavyatA kA lakSaNa hI nahIM bntaa| ataH pada kI bhUmikAnusAra kArya karanA apekSita hai| niSkriyatA kA Azraya bhavitavyatA kA upahAsa hai| SA 19 zrI paM jugalakizora mukhtAra, yugavIra ne adhyAtma - rahasya hindI vyAkhyA meM spaSTa kiyA hai ki "bhagavAna sarvajJa ke jJAna meM jo kArya jisa samaya, jahA~ para, jisake dvArA, jisa prakAra se honA jhalakA hai vaha usI samaya, vahIM para, usI ke dvArA aura usI prakAra se sampanna hogA, isa bhaviSya - viSayaka kathana se bhavitavyatA ke ukta Azaya meM koI antara nahIM par3atA; kyoMki sarvajJa ke jJAna meM usa kArya ke sAtha usakA kAraNa-kalApa bhI jhalakA hai, sarvathA niyativAda athavA nirhetu kI bhavitavyatA, joki asambhAvya hai, usa kathana kA viSaya hI nahIM hai / sarvajJa kA jJAna jJeyAkAra hai na ki jJeya jJAnAkAra (pRSTha 83-84) / bhagavatI - bhavitavyatA ke rahasya ko samajhane se citta meM samatA-bhAva

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20 anekAnta 66/3, julAI-sitambara 2013 jAgrata hotA hai jo Atma sAkSAtkAra ke liye sahAyaka hai| ataH isakI bhAvanA bhAnA zreSTha hai| 6. sva-samarpaNa hetu AtmA ke advaita-saccidAnaMda svarUpa kI bhAvanA : vastu svarUpa ke prati ahaM bhAva Aye binA Atma-samarpaNa nahIM hotaa| isI dRSTi se svAtmA vicAra karatA hai ki 'nizcaya se AtmA sat, cit aura Ananda ke sAtha advaita rUpa brahma hai vaha maiM hI hU~, isa prakAra nirantara abhyAsa se hI maiM apane nirmala AtmA meM lIna rahatA hU~ (zloka 30) / jo AtmA ko karmAdika se sambaddha dekhatA hai vaha dvaita rUpa hai jabaki jo bhavya-AtmA anya padArthoM se vibhakta bhinna apane ko dekhatA hai vaha advaita rUpa paramabrahma ko dekhatA hai| ataH advaita svarUpa kI bhAvanA bhaao| (a) sat svarUpa : Atma svacatuSTaya rUpa dravya-kSetra-kAla-bhAva kI dRSTi se pratikSaNa dhrauvya-utpatti-vyayAtmaka sat svarUpa haiM, sattAvAna hai| para-catuSTaya kI dRSTi se asat svarUpa haiM (zloka 31) / jaisA jagata hai vaisA maiM kabhI nahIM hU~ aura jaisA maiM hU~ vaisA jagata kabhI nahIM rahA; kyoMki kathaMcit sarva padArthoM kI paraspara vibhinnatA kA anubhava hotA hai (zloka 32) / pudgala meM rUpAdi guNa, dharma dravya meM gati sahakAritA, adharma dravya meM sthiti sahakAritA, kAladravya meM parimaNatva aura AkAza dravya meM, avagAhanatva guNa haiN| sarvadravyoM kI artha paryAya sUkSma aura pratikSaNa nAzavAna hai (zloka 38) / jIva aura pudgala kI vyaMjana paryAya vacana gocara, sthira aura mUrtika hai| pratyeka dravya artha-vyaMjana paryAyamaya haiM aura ve paryAyeM dravyamaya haiM (zloka 39) / (ba) cit svarUpa : ___AtmA ne anAdikAla se apane caitanya svarUpa ko jAnA hai, Aja bhI jAna rahA hai aura anantakAla taka anya kisI prakAra se jAnatA rhegaa| jAnane vAlA dhruva cetana dravya maiM hU~ (zloka 33) / pratyeka dravya pUrva paryAya meM naSTa hotA huA vartamAna paryAya meM utpanna hotA huA satrUpa se sadA sthira rahatA huA 'yaha vahI hai' isa prakAra jJAna meM lakSita hotA hai usI prakAra sArA dravya samUha tri-guNAtmka anubhava kiyA jAtA hai| maiM bhI eka cetana dravya hU~ ataH anAdi saMtati se usI prakAra apanI cetana paryAyoM ke dvArA parivartita ho rahA hU~ aura sadA se cetanAmaya banA huA hU~ (zloka 34-35) / dravya guNa-paryAyavAna haiN| jo sahabhAvI haiM ve guNa haiM aura jo kramabhAvI haiM ve paryAya haiN| jIvAtmA asAdhAraNa caitanya guNa haiM jo jIva ke sAtha sadA rahatA hai aura kabhI usase alaga nahIM ho sakatA (zloka 36) / svAtmA yaha bhAvanA bhAtA hai ki jisa prakAra muktAhAra meM hAra-motI-zuklatA pRthak-pRthak hote hue bhI pratIti meM sabhI hAra gae haiM usI prakAra Atma dravya meM 'maiM cetana hU~, mujhameM caitanya haiM aura cetana-paryAyoM meM caitanya guNa rahatA hai', isa prakAra maiM Atma dravya meM tanmaya ho rahA hU~, Atma dravya inake sAtha tanyama ho rahA hai| aisA pratIta-bhAvanA nirantara banI rahe (zloka 40) /

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anekAnta 66/3, julAI-sitambara 2013 (sa) Ananda svarUpa __ caitanya guNa ke samAna Ananda guNa bhI AtmA kA hai jo anya dravya meM nahIM pAyA jaataa| zuddha-svAtmA apane meM hI usa zAzvata AnaMda guNa kA cintana karatA huA yaha anubhava karatA hai ki aisA AnaMda cakravartI, indra, ahamindra aura dharaNendra ko bhI kabhI prApta nahIM hotaa| yaha AnaMda guNa atIndriya tathA svAdhIna hai jisake samakSa sabhI laukika sukha phIke par3ate haiM (zloka 41) / 7. hRdaya meM parabrahma svarUpa ke sphuraNa kI bhAvanA : AtmAnubhava ke lie utsuka svAtmA Anandamaya caitanya rUpa se prakAzita paramabrahma kI bhAvanA bhAtA hai ki vaha isake mana meM sadA sphurAyamAna ho| usakI isa prabala bhAvanA ke phala svarUpa trikarma se rahita deha-devAlaya meM virAjamAna Atma prabhu kA sAkSAtkAra ho pAtA hai (zloka 72 bhaavaarth)| 8. antarjalpa ke parityAga evaM Atma-jyoti-darzana kI bhAvanA : svAtmA- sAdhaka ko preraNA dI gayI hai ki vaha uktAnusAra bhAva-bhUmi meM 'maiM hI maiM hU~' isa prakAra ke aMtarajalpa se sambaddha AtmajJAna kI kalpanA meM hI na ulajhA rahe kintu isakA bhI tyAga kara vacana-agocara avinAzI-jyoti kA svayaM avalokana karanA caahiye| (zloka 19) yahA~ vikalpa-rahita svAtma-darzana kI bhAvanA gAyI hai| Atmadarzana kA upAya : vikalpa tyAga - _ 'maiM hI maiM hU~' isa aMtarajanya ke tyAga ke pazcAt hRdaya jisa-jisakA ullekha karatA - citra khiMcatA hai, usa-usa ko anAtmA kI dRSTi se - yaha AtmA nahIM hai, aisA samajha kara chor3anA caahiye| usa prakAra ke vikalpoM ke udaya na hone para AtmA apane svaccha cinmayarUpa meM prakAzamAna hotA hai (zloka 20) / isa prakAra hRdaya meM vikalpoM ke na uThane para Atmadarzana hotA hai| yaha Atmadarzana kI eka paddhati hai| vaha Atma jyoti ananta padArthoM ke AkAra-prasAra kI bhUmi hone se vizva rUpa haiM aura chadmasthoM ke liye adRzya-alakSya hotI huI bhI kevala cakSuoM se dekhI jAtI haiM (zloka 21) / yaha Atma-jyoti svabhAva se vizvarUpA hai| Atma jyoti kA lakSaNa - aMtaravartI upayoga evaM usake bheda : vaha Atma-jyoti kyA hai, isake samAdhAna meM paM. AzAdharajI kahate haiM ki 'isa Atma-jyoti kA lakSaNa ahaMtA-dRSTA ke liye usakA aMtaravartI upayoga hai; (zloka 22) upayoga kA 'antarvartI' vizeSaNa AtmA ke sAtha usake tAdAtmya-AtmabhUtatA kA sUcaka hai| isI tathya ko muni rAmasiMha ne dohA pAhuDa gAthA 177 meM kahA hai ki jaise namaka pAnI meM vilIna ho jAtA hai yadi citta nija zuddhAtmA meM vilIna ho jAyeM to jIva samarasarUpa samAdhimaya ho jAye (dohA pAhuDa pRSTha 207) /

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anekAnta 66/3, julAI-sitambara 2013 ___vastu-bheda ke nyAya ke anusAra jina do meM paraspara lakSaNa-bheda hotA hai ve do eka-dUsare se bhinna hote haiM jaise jala aura anala (agni)| svAtmA aura rAga-dveSa-moha va zarIrAdika meM yaha lakSaNabheda yukti-siddha haiM (zloka 23) / cinmaya AtmA ke sva aura para artha grahaNa vyApAra ko upayoga kahate haiN| AtmA darzana aura jJAna-upayoga rUpa haiN| zruti kI dRSTi zabdagata ko darzanopayoga aura arthagata ko jJAnopayoga kahate haiM (zloka 24) / ___bhAva yA anuSThAna ke anusAra upayoga ke tIna bheda haiM - azubha, zubha aura zuddha upyog| rAga-dveSa-moha ke bhAva ke dvArA AtmA kI jo kriyA-pariNati hotI hai, vaha azubha upayoga hai| kevalI-praNIta dharma meM anurAga rakhane rUpa jo AtmA kI pariNati hotI hai, vaha zubha upayoga hai tathA apane caitanya svarUpa meM lIna hone rUpa AtmA kI jo pariNati banatI hai, vaha zuddha upayoga hai (zloka 56) / zubha-azubha se pare zuddha upayoga parama samAdhi rUpa hai| Atma-zuddhi kA sUtra : zuddha upayoga - rAga-dveSa-moha se AtmA kA upayoga malina aura azuddha hotA hai| zuddha-upayoga se AtmA kI zuddhi hotI hai| zuddha upayoga vaha kahalAtA hai jo rAga-dveSa-moha rahita hotA hai| isI kI puSTi meM kahate haiM ki 'jo dhyAnI puruSa svayaM apane zuddha AtmA meM rAga, dveSa tathA moha se rahita zuddha upayoga ko dhAraNa karatA hai vaha zuddhi ko prApta hotA hai (zloka 25) / rAgAdi avidyA ke nAza kA sUtra : upekSA-vidyA - saMsAra-dukha kA mUla kAraNa para-vastuoM se sukha prApti kI kAmanA rUpa avidyA hai jo rAga-dveSa-moha rUpa haiN| isa avidyA kA chedana upekSA rUpa vidyA se hotA hai| upekSA rAgAdi ke abhAva ko kahate haiN| upekSA bhAva kI vRddhi ke sAtha avidyA kA hAsa aura Atma guNoM kA vikAsa uttarottara hotA hai| isakI puSTi meM kahate hai ki 'mujha meM jo avidyA vidyamAna hai use upekSA nAma kI vidyA se niraMtara kATate hue mujhameM mere svarUpa kI prakaTatA hotI hai aura yaha prakaTatA krama-2 se carama sImA ko bhI prApta ho jAtI hai (zloka 42) / ' ataH upekSA-bhAva dhAraNa karanA iSTa hai| samatva aura upekSA ekArthI haiN| AtmAnubhUti kI prakriyA - svAtmA vicAra karatA hai ki paryAya dRSTi se samasta vastuoM ke vistAra-AkAra se pUrNa hotA huA bhI maiM dravyadRSTi se eka hI hU~ aura nizcayataH kisI bhI zabda kA vAcya nahIM hokara anirvacanIya hU~ (zloka 43) / ataeva isa anirvacanIya parabrahma-paramotkRSTa Atmapada kI-prApti ke liye isa sUkSma zabda-brahma ke dvArA - so'haM isa prakAra antarjalpa se - maiM isa mana ko saMskArita karatA hU~ (zloka 40) / pazcAt ATha patroM vAle adyonmukha (ulaTA) dravyamana rUpa kamala meM, yoga (dhyAna) rUpa sUrya ke teja se vikasita hRdaya-kamala ke bhItara sphurAyamAna paraMjyoti-svarUpa maiM hU~, usakA anubhava karanA cAhiye (zloka 45) / ukta prakriyA meM mohAndhakAra ke naSTa hone aura indriya tathA manarUpa vAyu kA saMcAra rukane para yaha para-padArthoM se zUnya tathA samyagdarzanAdi AtmaguNoM se azUnya maiM hI antardRSTi se mere

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23 anekAnta 66/3, julAI-sitambara 2013 dvArA dikhAI de rahA hU~ (zloka 46) / isa prakAra se apane Apako hI dekhatA huA maiM parama-ekAgratA ko prApta hotA hU~ aura saMvara-nirjarA dono se prApta hone vAle AnaMda ko bhogatA hU~ - aura isa dRSTi se saMvara aura nirjarA rUpa mai hI hU~ (zloka 47) / isa prakAra svarUpa meM lIna yogI apane meM hI apanA darzana karatA huA parama ekAgratA ko prApta hotA hai, AtmAdhIna AnaMda ko bhogatA hai| isase pUrva saMcita karmoM kI nirjarA aura navIna karmoM kA Agamana (Asrava) ruka jAtA hai aura sahaja Atma-vikAsa sadhatA hai| AtmAnubhavI yogI kI sahaja vicAra pariNati : bheda-vijJAna dvArA avidyA se samatva kI ora - ___ bhAvakarma, dravyakarma aura nokarma se rahita zuddha-AtmA kA anubhava karane vAlA bhavya jIva vicAra karatA hai ki 'zuddha nizcayanaya kI apekSA se anantAnaMta caitanya zakti ke cakra kA svAmI hokara maiM anAdi avidyA ke saMskAra se indriya evaM zarIra ko apanA svarUpa mAna kara usakI vRddhi-hAni meM apanI vRddhi-hAni mAnatA rahA (zloka 48-49) / isI prakAra sva-strI, putrAdi ke zarIra ko apanA mAna kara unake sukha-dukha ko apanA sukha-dukha samajha kara bhogA hai (zloka 50) / aba mujhe apanI bhUla kA jJAna huA aura aba maiM bheda-vijJAna se apane tathA dUsaroM ke AtmA ko Atma rUpa se tathA deha ko deha rUpa se jAnatA huA nirvikAra sAmya sudhA kA AsvAdana kara rahA hU~ (zloka 51) / AtmayogI kI indriyadazA - ___AtmAnubhavI yogI kA citta vastutatva ke vijJAna se pUrNa aura vairAgya se vyApta rahatA hai, taba indriyoM kI anirvacanIya dazA ho jAtI hai| usakI indriyA~ na marI haiM, na jItI haiM, na sotI haiM aura na jAgatI haiM (zloka 52) / jAgrata rahakara bhI ve indriya viSayoM meM pravRtta nahIM hotI aura viSaya a-grahaNa meM nidrA jaisI paravazatA kA koI kAraNa nahIM hotaa| AtmayogI kA upayoga tattva-jJAna aura vairAgya ke sanmukha banA rahatA hai| purAtana saMskAroM ke jAga uThane se citta meM saMkalpa-vikalpa jAgrata hone para bhI aMtaraMga meM viSad jJAna rUpa zuddha upayoga kI avicchinna dhArA pravAhita hotI rahegI aura kyA vaha kalpanA sthita smRti kisI vastu kA smaraNa karegI? arthAt nahIM karegI? (zloka 53) / svAnubhUti vRddhi kI bhAvanA - AtmayogI apanI svAnubhUti kI vRddhi kI uttarottara bhAvanA bhAtA hai aura apane Apako anubhava karatA huA rAga-dveSAdi heya ko chor3akara Adeya, jo nijarUpa hai, ko grahaNa kara ratnatrayAtmaka nija bhAva kA bhoktA banA rahe, aisI bhAvanA karatA hai (zloka 54) / zuddhopayoga kaise hotA hai kisa krama se hotA hai? zuddha-AtmA sarvaprathama azubha upayoga ke tyAga sahita zrutAbhyAsa ke dvArA zubha upayoga kA Azraya karatA hai, pazcAt zuddha upayoga meM hI adhikAdhika sthira rahU~, aisI zreSTha-niSThA, bhAvanA bhAtA hai aura use dhAraNa karatA hai (zloka 55) / isa prakAra azubha bhAvoM ke tyAga aura

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24 anekAnta 66/3, julAI-sitambara 2013 zAstrAbhyAsa (svAdhyAya) rUpa zubha bhAvoM kI pravRtti sahita zuddha upayoga hotA hai| azubha se nivRtti aura vrata-samiti-gupti zubha meM pravRtti kA nAma vyavahAra cAritra hai| zuddha upayoga zuddhAtmA ke AzrayapUrvaka hotA hai| ataH zuddha upayoga hetu zuddhAtmA kI bhAvanA bhAnA iSTa hai| zuddhAtmabhAvanA kA phala : dhyAna dvArA zuddhAtmA kI prApti - jo zuddha svarUpa paramAtmA hai, vahI zuddha svarUpa maiM hU~', isa prakAra bArambAra bhAvanA karane vAle AtmA ke zuddha svAtmA meM jo laya banatA hai, vaha anivarcanIya yoga yA samAdhi rUpa dhyAna kahalAtA hai (zloka 57) / zuddha svAtmA ke anubhava kAla meM rAga-dveSAdi kI kalloleM nahIM uThatI anyathA Atmadarzana nahIM ho paataa| isa prakAra zuddhAtmA-bhAvanA kA phala zuddhAtmA kI prApti hai| zuddha-buddha-svacidrUpa paramAnanda meM lIna huA yogI kisI bhI bhaya ko prApta nahIM hotaa| vaha nirbhaya huA paramAnanda kA hI anubhava karatA hai (zloka 58) / __ aisA yogI parama ekAgratA ko prApta huA tathA azubha Asrava ko rokatA huA aura upArjita pApa kA kSaya karatA huA, jIvita rahatA huA bhI nirvRtta - jIvanmukta hai (zloka 59) / jIvanmukta-avasthA ko prApta karAne vAlI yaha parama-ekAgratA zukladhyAna kI ekAgratA hai jisase cAra ghAtiyA karma jalakara bhasma ho jAte haiN| dhyAna kI yaha ekAgratA abhinaMdanIya hai| ***** B-369, o.pI.ema. kAlonI, posTa-amalAI jilA-zahaDola (ma.pra.) 484 117

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tattvArthazlokavArtika meM karmAsrava kI dArzanika mImAMsA - DaoN. ramezacanda jaina pudgala meM vipAka karane vAle zarIra aura aMgopAGga nAmakarma kI prakRti kA udaya hone para mana, vacana aura kAya se yukta ho rahe jIva kI jo karma aura nokarmoM ke Agamana kI kAraNa ho rahI zakti yoga hai, yaha bhAva yoga kahA jA sakatA hai| isa bhAvayoga rUpa puruSArtha se AtmA ke pradezoM kA parispanda ho jAnA svarUpa dravyayoga upajatA hai| grahaNa kI jA cukI yA grahaNa karane yogya ho rahIM mana, vacana, kAyoM kI vargaNAoM kA avalamba pAkara AtmA ke vaha kampa rUpa yoga utpanna huA anAdi kAla se terahaveM guNasthAna taka sadA karmanokarmoM kA AkarSaNa karatA rahatA hai| bhAvayoga aparispandAtmaka hai aura dravyayoga parispandAtmaka hai| yoga AtmA ke nikaTa jJAnAvaraNAdi karmoM ke Asrava kA hetu hai| yoga hI jIvoM kA karma se bandha hone jAne kA pradhAna kAraNa hai| yoga nahIM hotA to sabhI jIva zuddha siddhaparameSThI bhagavAn ho jaate| sAMkhya mata mImAMsA - sAMkhya matAnuyAyI kahate haiM ki yoga to pradhAna yAnI sattvaguNa, rajoguNa, tamoguNoM kI samatA svarUpa prakRti kA pariNAma hai| ataH vaha bandha kA hetu nahIM ho sakatA haiN| jainAcAryoM kA kahanA hai ki sAMkhyoM kA yaha kahanA yukti rahita hai; kyoMki yaha bAta siddha hai ki bandha ubhaya padArthoM meM sthita hotA hai| prazna - taba to jIva dravya aura ajIva dravya ina donoM kA pariNAma bandha mAna liyA jaay| uttara - (kisI taTastha vidvAn kA) yaha kahanA kaThina hai; kyoMki jIva aura karma ke bandha ho jAne ke kAraNa una jIva aura karma donoM ke pariNAma vizeSa kahe haiN| gommaTarasAra grantha meM kahA gayA hai - jogA payaDi padesA Thidi aNubhAgA kasaado hoNti|| yoga se prakRti aura pradeza bandha tathA kaSAya se sthiti aura anubhAga bandha hote haiN| AcArya kundakunda ne samayasAra ke kartRkarmamahAdhikAra meM jIva aura pudgala ke sambandha ke viSaya meM nizcaya aura vyavahAra donoM dRSTiyoM se varNana kiyA hai jIva pariNAma heduM mmattaM puggalA prinnmNti| puggalakammaNimittaM taheva jIvo vi prinnmdi||

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26 anekAnta 66/3, julAI-sitambara 2013 Na vikuccaui kammaguNe jIvo kammaM taheva jiivgunne| aNNoNNa NimitteNa dupariNAma jANa donnhNpi|| edeNa kAraNeNa dukattA AdA saeNa bhaavenn| puggalakammakadANaM Na du kattA svvbhaavaannN|| - samayasAra 86-88 jIva ke (rAgI dveSI) pariNAmoM kA nimitta pAkara pudgala dravya karmatva rUpa pariNamana karatA hai| vaise hI paudgalika karmo ke udaya kA nimitta pAkara jIva rAgAdi rUpa pariNamana karatA hai| tathApi jIva karma ke guNa rUpAdika ko svIkAra nahIM karatA, usI bhAMti karma bhI jIva ke cetanAdi guNoM ko svIkAra nahIM karatA, kintu mAtra ina donoM kA paraspara eka dUsare ke nimitta se uparyukta vikArI pariNamana hotA hai| isa kAraNa se vAstava meM AtmA apane bhAvoM se hI apane bhAvoM kA karttA hotA hai, kintu pudgala karmoM ke dvArA kie gae sarva bhAvoM kA kartA nahIM hai| sAMkhyakArikA meM kahA gayA hai - tasmAnna badhyate addhA na mucyate nA'pi saMsarati kshcit| saMsarati badhyate mucyate ca nAnAzrayA prkRtiH|| sAM. kA. 62 // isalie vastutaH kisI puruSa kA na to bandhana aura na saMsaraNa hI hotA hai aura na mokSa hii| aneka puruSoM ke Azraya se rahane vAlI prakRti kA hI saMsaraNa, bandhana aura mokSa hotA hai| sAMkhya kI isa mAnyatA kA jainAcAryoM ne khaNDana kiyA hai| tattvArthasUtra meM AcArya gRddhapiccha ne kahA hai ki kaSAya sahita jIva ke sAmparAyika aura kaSAya rahita jIvoM ke IryApatha Asrava hotA hai| isa pakSa kI asiddhi ko dikhalAte hue sAMkhya vidvAn kahate haiM ki jIva sarvadA zuddhasvabhAva hai| zuddha, udAsIna, bhoktA, cetayitA tathA draSTA AtmA hamAre yahA~ mAnA gayA hai| ataH jIva kA karmoM se paratantrapanA siddha nahIM hai| isa kAraNa jainoM kA hetu Azrayasiddha hai| AcArya vidyAnandi ke anusAra yaha kathana ThIka nahIM hai; kyoMki nitya hI zuddha AtmA mAnane para jIva ke saMsAra kA abhAva hone kA prasaMga aaegaa| yadi sAMkhya kahatA hai ki prakRti kA hI saMsAra hai to yaha bAta ThIka nahIM hai, kyoMki AtmA kI kalpanA vyartha hone kA prasaMga Ane para mokSa bhI usa prakRti kA hogaa| sabhI puruSArthoM ko prakRti karegI to Atmatattva kI kalpanA vyartha hai| Apa yaha nahIM samajhanA ki prakRti hI saMsAra aura mokSa ko karane vAlI hai; kyoMki vaha acetana hai, ghaTa ke smaan| prazna- cetana puruSa kA saMsarga ho jAne se vaha prakRti hI usa saMsAra avasthA ko dhAra letI hai| uttara- jisa prakAra cetana kA saMsarga ho jAne para prakRti kA AtmA ke parantatra ho jAnA svarUpa saMsAra honA mAnA gayA hai, usI prakAra prakRti kA saMsarga ho jAne se cetana AtmA kA bhI usa prakRti ke parAdhIna ho jAnA svarUpa saMsAra siddha ho jAtA hai; kyoMki saMsarga meM avazya ThaharatA hai| jaisA ki kahA hai -

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anekAnta 66/3, julAI-sitambara 2013 "nityazuddhasvabhAvattvAjjIvasyakarmapAratantryamasiddhamiti cenna, tasya sNsaaraabhaavprsNgaat| prakRteH saMsAra iti cenna, puruSakalpanA vaiyarthyaprasaMgAt tasyA eva mokSasyApi ghttnaat| na ca prakRtireva saMsAramokSa bhAgacetanatvAt ghttvt| cetana saMsarga vivekAbhyAM sA tadbhAgeveti cet| tarhi yathAprakRtezcetanasaMsargAtpAratantryalakSaNaH saMsArastathA cetanasyApi prakRti saMsargAt tatpAratantryaM siddhaM, saMsargasya dvisstthtvaat|" sAMkhya - saMsAra avasthA meM prakRti paratantra ho rahI hai, kintu vaha paratantratA kaSAyoM ko hetu mAnakara nahIM upajI hai| kaSAyeM to jIva ke ho sakatI haiM, jar3a prakRti ke nhiiN| jaina - aisA nahIM mAnanA caahie| Apake yahA~ krodha, raNa, dveSa, moha Adi kaSAyoM ko prakRti kA pariNAma kahA hai| prasannatA, lAghava, rAga, dveSa, moha, dInatA, zoka ye saba satoguNa, rajoguNa, tamoguNa vAlI prakRti ke pariNAma mAne gae haiM, ataH usa prakRti ke paratantrapana kA kaSAya nAmaka hetuoM se upajanA siddha ho jAtA hai| jainoM ke yahA~ krodha Adi ko AtmA kA vibhAva pariNAma kahA hai| nizcaya naya kI apekSA krodha Adi ko pudgala kA vikAra kaha diyA hai| yaha syAdvAda kI apekSA ghaTita hotA hai| sAMkhya ke nityaikAnta meM duHkha, zoka Adi meM karttApana, karaNapana saMgata nahIM hai - sAMkhyamata meM zaktiyA~, svabhAva, pariNati svarUpa atizayoM se rahita ho rahe AtmA kA karttApana svIkAra nahIM kiyA gayA hai| kriyA meM svatantra hokara vyApAra kara rahA padArtha kartA kahA jAtA hai| atizayoM se rahita kUTastha padArtha kartA nahIM ho sakatA hai| kisI eka sahakArI kAraNa se usa karttA meM atizaya kiyA mAnA jAegA to prazna uThatA hai ki vaha atizaya kartA se bhinna kiyA gayA hai yA abhinna kiyA gayA hai| prathama pakSa ke anusAra sahakArI kAraNa kara yadi kartA se bhinna atizaya kA kiyA mAnA jAegA to usa kartA kI pUrvavartinI akarttApana avasthA se pracyuti nahIM hone ke kAraNa karttApana kA virodha hai| dvitIya pakSa ke anusAra sahakArI kAraNoM kA usa AtmA se abhinna atizaya kiyA mAnA jAegA to usa AtmA kA hI kiyA jAnA hone se AtmA kA anityapanA hI ho jaaegaa| kathaMcit nityapanA iSTa karoge to dUsare syAdvAdiyoM ke mata kA Azraya lenA durnivAra hai| isa kathana se pradhAna ke pariNAma mahat Adi ke kAraNatva kA nirAkaraNa kara diyaa| syAdvAda kA Azraya lie binA kisI pariNAma kI prApti nahIM hotI hai| isa prakAra mahattatva Adi kA adhikaraNapanA athavA karmapanA siddha nahIM ho sakatA hai| ___ bauddhamata mImAMsA - bauddhoM ke yahA~ cakSurAdikaraNa tathA zarIrAdi adhikaraNa zreya nahIM hai, kyoMki unakI duHkha Adi kAla meM sthiti nahIM hai| yadi bauddhoM kA yaha mantavya ho ki duHkha Adi citta hI apane kArya karane meM kartA haiM aura usa kartA ke usI samAna samaya meM varta rahe cakSu Adi karaNa haiM tathA tatkAlIna kSaNika zarIra adhikaraNa ho jAtA hai| kevala vyavahAra se kartA, karaNa, adhikaraNa bhAva haiM, pAramArthika rUpa se na koI kartA hai, na koI karaNa,

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28 anekAnta 66/3, julAI-sitambara 2013 adhikaraNa Adi haiN| bauddhoM kA yaha mata ThIka nahIM hai; kyoMki duHkha Adi citta svarUpa karttA ke cakSu Adika karaNa aura adhikaNa nahIM ho skte| isakA kAraNa yaha hai ki bauddhoM ke yahA~ vijJAna se bAhara ho rahe rUpa Adi ke jJAna kI utpatti meM una cakSurAdi ke karaNapana kA kathana kiyA gayA hai tathA mana bhI karaNa nahI ho sakatA; kyoMki duHkhAdi citta ke usI samAna kAla meM usa anantara atIta vijJAna svarUpa mana saMbhava nahIM hai| bauddha - rUpAdi skandhapaJcaka kI yugapat utpatti hotI rahatI hai, jaba ki pAMca vijJAnoM kI dhArAyeM cala rahI haiM to duHkha, zoka Adi ke anubhava svarUpa pUrva samayavartI vedanA skandha ko uttara samayavartI duHkha Adi kI utpatti meM karttApana hai aura usI vedanA skandha ko duHkha Adi kI utpatti meM adhikaraNapanA hai| sabako sva meM apanA adhikaraNapanA prApta hai| duHkha Adi ke hetu ho rahe bahiraMga artha vijJAna svarUpa vedanA skandha ko karaNapanA samucita hai, jo ki vedanA skandha uttara samayavartI usa kArya se pUrva samaya meM varta rahA hokara mana isa nAma nirdeza ke yogya ho rahA hai| __ jaina - yaha nahIM kahanA cAhie; kyoMki anvayarahita hokara naSTa ho cuke vedanA skandha ke karttApana aura karaNapana kA virodha hai| uttara samayavartI apane kArya ke kAla meM pUrva samayavartI usa vedanA skandha svarUpa karttA yA karaNa kA nAza nahIM mAnA jAegA, taba to bauddhoM ke yahA~ padArthoM ke kSaNa meM naSTa ho jAne rUpa svabhAva kA bhaMga ho jAyagA, jo ki bauddhoM ko kathamapi sahana nahIM hai| brahmAdvaita mImAMsA - tattvArthasUtra meM kahA gayA hai ki jJAna aura darzana meM kie gae pradoSa, nihnava, mAtsarya, antarAya, AsAdana aura upaghAta ye jJAnAvaraNa aura darzanAvaraNa karmoM ke Asrava haiN| isa para brahmAdvaitavAdI zaMkA karate haiM - __zaMkA - jisa jIva ke jisa viSaya meM ho rahe pradoSa, ninhava Adi doSa haiM, usake una viSayoM kA AvaraNa kara rahI avidyA hI hai, phira una guNoM kA AvaraNa karane vAlA koI kArmaNa skandha svarUpa pudgala siddha nahIM ho pAyegA, jisa kAraNa usa jJAna yA darzana meM hue pradoSa AdikoM se jJAna aura darzana kA AvaraNa karane vAle jJAnAvaraNa pudgaloM kI prasiddhi nahIM ho sktii| amUrta ho rahe jJAna, darzana Adi AvaraNa karane vAlA mUrta karma kisa prakAra ho sakatA hai? mUrta sUrya ke hI mUrta bAdala Avaraka ho sakate haiN| ghara kI dIvAleM yA chateM mUrta zarIra, bhUSaNoM, vastroM ko chipA letI haiM, AkAza ko nhiiN| ___ samAdhAna - aisA kahane para hama jaina bhI prazna uThAyeMge ki Apake yahA~ ve avidyA, bheda vijJAna moha Adika amUrta hote hue kisa prakAra ekatva jJAna, pratibhAsAdvaita Adi kA AvaraNa kara dete haiM? amUrta avidyA Adi kA sadbhAva hone para jJAna AdikoM kA AvaraNa honA mAnoge to amUrta AkAza ko bhI una jJAna AdikoM ke Avarakapana kA cAroM ora se prasaMga A jAvegA athavA amUrta jJAna kA dUsarA amUrta jJAna AvAraka bana baitthegaa|

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anekAnta 66/3, julAI-sitambara 2013 advaitavAdI - gagana Adika to una jJAna AdikoM ke viruddha nahIM hai, ataH ve unake AvaraNa nahIM ho sakate haiN| jaina - tisa kAraNa se yAnI jJAnAdika kA virodhI nahIM hone se mUrta zarIra bhI jJAna Adi kA AvAraka nahIM hai| jo una jJAna Adi se viruddha padArtha hogA, usI ko una jJAna AdikoM ke AvArakapana kI siddhi hai| madirA, bhA~ga Adi dravyoM ke samAna una paudgalika karmoM ko bhI una jJAna AdikoM ke virodhIpana kI pratIti ho rahI hai| sabhI pudgala na to jJAna ke sahAyaka haiM aura na virodhii| aneka pudgaloM se samyagdarzana jJAna, cAritroM ko sahAyatA hotI hai aura kitane hI paudgalika padArthoM se mithyAdarzana, jJAna, cAritroM ko sahAyatA milatI hai, koI ekAnta nahIM hai| jJAnAvaraNa Adi paudgalika karma avazya hI jJAnAdi guNoM ke AvAraka haiM yaha nirNita viSaya hai| nyAyavaizeSika mImAMsA - jainoM ke anusAra jIva kA saba ora se paratantrapanA (pakSa) kaSAyoM ko hetu mAnakara upajA hai (sAdhya), anya prANiyoM kI apekSA nahIM rakhatA huA paratantrapanA hone se (hetu)| jaise ki yahA~ loka meM kamala ke madhya meM prApta huA cakSurindriya viSaya lolupI bhramara apanI lobha kaSAyoM ke anusAra paratantra ho rahA hai (anvaya dRssttaant)| kaSAyoM ke udaya rUpa se vizeSatayA nivRtti ho jAne para paratantratA nivRtta ho jAtI hai, jaise ki yahA~ jagat meM kisI eka jIva ke kaSAyoM kI zAnta avasthA ke samaya meM paratantratA nahIM pAyI jAtI hai14 (vyatireka dRssttaant)| isa prakAra anvaya vyatireka dvArA jIvoM kI parAdhInatA kA kAraNa kaSAyoM kA udaya siddha hai| ___ vaizeSika yA naiyAyika - saMsArI jIva kI paratantratA to mahezvara kI sRjana karane kI icchA kI apekSA rakhane vAlI hai, ataH anya jIvoM kI apekSA nahIM rakhanApana hetu kA vizeSaNa pakSa meM nahIM rahA, ataH asiddha doSa huaa| jaina - saMsArI jIvoM ke mahezvara yA Izvara kI sisRkSA ke apekSI hone kA khaNDana kiyA gayA hai; kyoMki kAryatva, acetanopAdAnatva, sannivezAviziSTatva Adi sabhI hetu dUSita haiN| Apta parIkSA meM kartRvAda kA nirAkaraNa kiyA gayA hai| jainoM kA kahanA hai ki jisa prakAra nIla dravya kA nIla guNa usa paTa meM bhI nIla buddhi ko karatA huA nIlA banA detA hai, isa kAraNa usa paTa ko usa nIla kA adhikaraNapanA prApta hai, usI prakAra saMrambha AdikoM meM jo Asrava ho rahA hai, vaha jIvoM meM hI Asrava haiM, isa kAraNa jIva ke pariNAma ke saMrambha Adika hI Asrava ke adhikaraNa haiM yoM kahane para bhI ve jIva Asrava ke adhikaraNa ho jAte haiN| "adhikaraNaM jIvAjIvAH" isa sUtra meM jIva pada kA grahaNa karane se jIva ke pariNAmoM kA grahaNa ho jAtA hai| jIva aura jIva pariNAmoM meM kathaMcita abheda hai| ataH jIva bhI AsravoM ke adhikaraNa haiM, yaha yuktiyoM se siddha ho jAtA hai|

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30 anekAnta 66/3, julAI-sitambara 2013 vaizeSika - nIla aura nIlavAn kA sarvathA bheda mAnane para bhI nIla raMga se dhule hue pAnI meM DubA die gae vastra meM saMyukta ho gae nIlI dravya meM nIla guNa kA samavAya ho rahA hai| ataH kapar3A nIlA hI hai, yaha pratyaya saMyukta samavAya sambandha se sughaTita ho jAtA hai| nIla guNa nIla meM rahA aura vastra meM nIla saMyukta ho rahA hai| ___ jaina - isa prakAra to AtmA, AkAza Adi meM bhI nIlapane ke jJAna ho jAne kA prasaMga aaegaa| nIla dravya una AkAza Adi ke sAtha saMyukta ho rahA hai, ataH saMyukta samavAya sambandha se vastra ke samAna AtmA Adi bhI nIle ho jAyeMge, jo ki iSTa nahIM hai| vaizaSika - una AtmA, AkAza Adi ke sAtha nIla dravya kA vizeSa jAti kA saMyoga nahIM hai, kevala prApti ho jAnA mAtra sAmAnya saMyoga hai| paTa ke sAtha nIla dravya kA vizeSa saMyoga hai jo ki harra, phiTakarI, pAnI aura paTa kI svacchatA, AkarSakatA Adi kAraNoM se vizeSa jAti kA ho jAtA hai| ataH AtmA nIla hai, yaha prasaMga nahIM Ane pAtA hai| jaina - vaha saMyoga kI vizeSatA tisa pariNamana ho jAne ke atirikta dUsarI kyA ho sakatI hai? arthAt paTa kI nIlasvarUpa pariNati hai aura AtmA yA AkAza kI nIla pariNati nahIM hai| saMyoga ho jAne para punaH bandha pariNati anusAra paTa meM bhI nIla kA samavAya ho jAtA hai, kintu AtmA ke sAtha nIla dravya kI bandha pariNati nahIM ho pAtI hai| ___vaizeSika ke yahA~ karttApana, karaNapana nahIM bana sakatA hai - vaizeSika ke yahA~ sarvathA nitya AtmA ke buddhi Adi caudaha guNa sarvathA bhinna mAne gae haiN| jaba taka AtmA pUrva atizayoM kA tyAga kara uttara svabhAvoM kA grahaNa nahIM karegA, taba taka usake karttApana, karaNapana nahIM bana sakate haiN| pariNAmI jala meM to agni kA sannidhAna ho jAne para zIta atizaya kI nivRtti aura uSNa atizaya kA prAdurbhAva ho jAtA hai| naiyAyika yA vaizeSika ke yahAM AtmA ko pariNAmI nahIM mAnA gayA hai tisa hI kAraNa se duHkha, zoka Adi kI utpatti meM mana bhI karaNa nahIM ho sakatA hai; kyoMki karaNa mAnane para mana ko sabhI prakAra ke anityapane kA prasaMga aayegaa| karttApana yA karaNapana ke samAna AtmA ke AtmA ke duHkhoM kA adhikaraNapanA bhI nahIM bana pAtA hai; kyoMki jaba taka pahile ke usa duHkha ke adhikaraNapana svabhAva kA tyAga nahIM kiyA jAyegA, taba taka usa duHkha ke adhikaraNapana svabhAva kA virodha hai| yadi pahile ke akartApana, akaraNapana, anadhikaraNapana svabhAvoM kA tyAga mAnA jAegA taba to vaizeSikoM ke yahAM sarvathA nityapana ke naSTa hone kI Apatti A jaaegii| isa prakAra siddha huA ki nityAnityAtmaka AtmA meM duHkha Adi pariNatiyA~ saMsAra avasthA meM ho rahI haiN| prakRti, buddhi yA apariNAmI AtmA, nityAtmA athavA anya jar3a padArthoM meM duHkha, zoka Adi pariNAma sambhava nahIM hai| ___ isa prakAra tattvArthazlokavArtika meM vibhinna darzanoM ke pariprekSya meM karmAsrava kI mImAMsA kara jainadarzana ko paripuSTa kiyA gayA hai| sandarbha - peja 39 dekhe *****

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karma aura punarjanma kI vyAkhyA __ - DaoN0 basanta lAla jaina saMsAra kA pratyeka prANI sukha kI icchA karatA hai aura duHkha se DaratA hai| isalie jinendra deva ne duHkha ko dUra karane vAlI aura zAzvata sukha ko utpanna karane vAlI zikSA ko hI apane upadeza kA viSaya banAyA hai| samIcIna sukha kI prApti tabhI sambhava hai jaba bandha ke hetuoM kA abhAva aura nirjarA dvArA samasta karmo kA AtmA se alaga honA nizcita ho jaay| karma kA AtmA ke sAtha saMyukta hone se hI AtmA vibhinna yoniyoM tathA U~cI- nIcI gatiyoM meM bhramaNa karatA rahatA hai| prANI jo kucha bhI karma karatA hai, una karmoM kA phala use bhoganA hI par3atA hai| kyoki karmoM kA phala karma karane vAle ko diye binA nahIM rahatA, yaha usakA svAbhAvika guNa hai| karma siddhAnta ke anusAra hI zubha karmoM kA phala zubha-dAyaka aura azubha karmoM kA phala azubha dAyaka hotA hai| jaba yaha jIva rAga - dveSa se yukta hotA hai taba vaha navIna karmoM kA baMdha karatA hai aura ina navIna karmoM ke kAraNa hI use naraka, manuSya, tiryaca aura deva gatiyoM meM bhramaNa karanA par3atA hai| ina gatiyoM meM jIva ke janma grahaNa karane para rAga-dveSa pariNAma hote rahate haiM aura rAga-dveSa se karmo kA bandha hotA rahatA hai| jisase prANI narakAdi gatiyoM meM janma letA hai| isa prakAra karma pravAha ke phalasvarupa navIna janma hotA rahatA hai| isa navIna janma ko hI punarjanma, punarbhava, janmAMtara, bhAvAntara, paraloka, punarutpatti Adi nAmoM se jAnA jAtA hai|) karma siddhAMta kA yaha niyama hai ki prANI jo bhI karma karatA hai usake phala ko bhogane ke lie use dubArA janma lenA par3atA hai, kyoMki pUrvakRta karma- phala pUrva janma meM pUrA nahIM ho pAtA hai| arthAt kucha karma isa prakAra ke hote haiM jinakA phala isa janma meM - (vartamAna paryAya) meM mila jAtA hai aura kucha karma isa prakAra ke hote hai jinakA phala isa janma meM nahIM milatA hai, isalie agalA janma- (punarjanma) lenA par3atA hai| jina karmo kA phala vartamAna janma meM phalita nahIM hotA hai, usako bhogane ke lie ucita samaya para vartamAna zarIra kA tyAga karake navIna zarIra dhAraNa karanA par3atA hai| yaha punarjanma kahA jAtA hai| isa punarjanma meM jo AtmA pUrva paryAya meM rahatI hai vartamAna zarIra ko tyAga karane ko mRtyu aura navIna zarIra dhAraNa karane ko janma kahA jAtA hai| isa janma aura mRtyu ke bIca AtmA sadA eka sI rahatI hai| yahA~ para mRtyu kA matalaba spaSTa hai ki vartamAna zarIra jarrara yA rogI hone para yA AyupUrNa hone para usa zarIra meM rahane vAlA AtmA usa zarIra ko tyAga detA hai aura zeSa karmoM kA phala bhogane ke lie AtmA navIna zarIra dhAraNa kara letA hai, isa prakAra AtmA kA navIna zarIra dhAraNa karane ko punarbhava kahA gayA hai| vyAvahArika bhASA meM jisa

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32 anekAnta 66/3, julAI-sitambara 2013 prakAra manuSya phaTe, purAne vastroM ko chor3akara navIna vastroM ko dhAraNa karatA hai, usI prakAra AtmA bhI apane purAne jIrNa-zIrNa zarIra ko chor3akara naye zarIra ko dhAraNa kara letA hai| karma aura AtmA : prANiyoM ke punarjanma meM karma kA mahatvapUrNa yogadAna hai| jaina cintakoM ne yadyapi AtmA aura karma kA apanA-apanA svataMtra astitva ko svIkAra kiyA hai phira bhI inakA paraspara ghaniSTha sambandha hai| jIva aura karma kA bIja aura vRkSa kI taraha kArya - kAraNa sambandha hai| karma se kaSAya aura kaSAya se karma, yaha paramparA bIja aura vRkSa kI taraha anAdi kAla se pravAhita ho rahI hai aura taba taka hotI rahegI jaba taka saMsAra meM jIvoM kA astitva hai| SaTaDkhaNDAgama' graMtharAja ke anusAra - 'yat kriyate tat karma(2) arthAt kisI kArya yA vyApAra kA karanA karma kahalAtA hai| jaise- par3hanA, likhanA, sonA Adi kriyAe~ karma hai| jaina-sAhitya meM karma ko pudgala paramANuoM kA piNDa mAnA gayA hai| tadanusAra yaha loka teIsa vargaNAoM se vyApta hai| unameM se kucha pudgala paramANu karma- rupa se pariNata hote haiM, unheM karmavargaNA kahate haiN| karma banane yogya pudgala paramANu rAga - dveSa se AkRSTa hokara AtmA kI svAbhAvika zakti kA ghAta karake usakI svataMtratA ko roka dete haiM, isalie ye pudgala paramANu karma kahalAte haiN| tattvArthavArtika ke anusAra - "nizcayanaya kI dRSTi se vIryAntarAya aura jJAnAvaraNa ke kSayopazama kI apekSA rakhane vAle AtmA ke dvArA Atma-pariNAma aura pudgala ke dvArA pudgala pariNAma evaM vyavahAranaya kI dRSTi se AtmA ke dvArA pudgala pariNAma aura pudgala ke dvArA Atma-pariNAma karanA karma hai| (3) ___ anAdi kAlIna karma - baMdha se yukta jIva jaba rAgAdi kaSAyoM se saMtapta hokara mAnasika, vAcika yA kAyika kriyA karate hai taba vaha kArmaNa vargaNA ke pudgala-paramANu AtmA kI ora AkRSTa hote haiN| jisa prakAra lohA cumbaka kI ora AkarSita hotA hai yA jisa prakAra agni se saMtapta lohe kA golA pAnI meM DAlane para cAroM ora se pAnI khIMcatA hai| aise kriyAoM ke karane se Atma, pradezoM meM usI prakAra vikSobha yA kampana hotA hai, jisa prakAra tUphAna ke kAraNa samudra ke pAnI meM caMcala taraMgeM utpanna hotI haiN| isa prakAra Atma pradezoM ke parispanda hone ko yoga kahate haiN| yoga ke kAraNa hI karma-yogya pudgala paramANuoM kA AtmA kI ora AnA hI Asrava kahalAtA hai| arthAt puNya - pApa rupa karmoM ke Agamana ko Asrava kahate haiN| Asrava jIva ke zubha - azubha karmoM ke Ane kA dvAra hai| Asrava ke kAraNa paramANu Akara Atma - pradezoM meM dUdha aura pAnI kI taraha mila jAtA hai, taba ve kArmaNa pudgala-paramANu karma kahalAte haiN|5) paraspara eka kSetravagAhI hokara AtmA aura pudgala paramANuoM kA ghaniSTha sambandha ko prApta honA hI karma hai| karma aura AtmA ke isa prakAra ke sambandha ko bandha kahA jAtA hai|6 kyoki karma AtmA kI svAbhAvika zakti kA ghAta karake isa prakAra parataMtra kara dete haiM ki AtmA vibhAva rupa se pariNamana karane lagatI hai|)

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anekAnta 66/3, julAI-sitambara 2013 33 rAga-dveSa aura moha ke kAraNa karma - rupI raja Atma- pradezo meM cipaka jAtI hai| arthAta saMsArI jIva ke rAga-dveSa rupa pariNAma hote hai aura rAgAdi pariNAmoM se navIna karmoM kA bandha hotA hai jisase narakAdi gatiyoM meM bhramaNa karanA par3atA hai| ina gatiyoM meM jIva ke janma grahaNa karane para usase zarIra, zarIra se indriyA~ aura indriyoM se viSayoM kA grahaNa aura viSayoM ke grahaNa se rAga-dveSa pariNAma hote haiM aura punaH una rAga-dveSa se karmoM kA bandha hotA hai| karma bandha kI prakriyA : saMsAra kA pratyeka prANI apane karmoM se baMdhA huA hai| karmoM ke udaya meM isake rAga-dveSAdi rupa bhAva hote haiM tathA rAga-dveSAdi bhAvoM ke kAraNa punaH karma bandha hotA haiM isa prakAra bIja aura vRkSa kI bhA~ti karma bandha kA krama anAdi kAla se hI calA A rahA hai|' (9) karma bandha kA hetu Asrava hai| karmoM ke Agamana ko Asrava kahate haiM / jIva ke mana, vacana aura kAya kI pravRtti ke nimitta se kArmaNa vargaNAoM kA karma rupa se pariNamana honA Asrava hai tathA Asravita karma-pudgaloM kA jIva ke rAga-dveSa Adi vikAroM ke nimitta se AtmA ke sAtha ekAkAra ho jAnA hI baMdha hai| baMdha Asrava pUrvaka hI hotA hai / Asrava aura baMdha dono yugapata hote haiM unameM koI samaya bheda nahIM hai (10) Asrava aura baMdha kA yahI sambandha hai / sAmAnyatayA Asrava ke kAraNoM ko hI baMdha kA kAraNa (kAraNa kA kAraNa hone se ) kaha dete hai, kintu baMdha ke lie alaga zaktiyA~ kAma karatI haiN| zarIra aura AtmA dono ke saMyoga se utpanna kriyAtmaka zakti rupa sAmarthya janita kampana ke dvArA AtmA aura karma paramANuoM kA saMyoga - (Asrava) hotA hai aura AtmA ke sAtha saMyukta hokara karma yogya paramANu karma rupa meM parivartita ho jAte haiM / isa prakiyA ko karma-baMdha kI prakiyA kahate haiM (1 karma-baMdha ke kAraNa : jainAcArya ne karma - baMdha ke lie do pramukha kArakoM kA nAma batAyA hai - 1. yoga aura 2. kssaay| yoga zakti ke kAraNa karma vargaNAeM karma rupa se pariNata hotI hai tathA kaSAyoM ke kAraNa unakA AtmA ke sAtha saMzleSa rupa eka kSetravagAha sambandha hotA hai (12) jainAcArya kundakunda ne samayasAra meM ajJAna ke sAtha rAga-dveSa, moha, mithyAtva, aviramaNa, kaSAya aura yoga ko baMdha kA kAraNa mAnA hai / (13) rAmasena ne tattvAnuzAsana meM mithyAdarzana, mithyAjJAna aura mithyA cAritra ko baMdha kA kAraNa batAyA hai (14) tattvArtha sUtra meM mithyAdarzana, avirati, pramAda, kaSAya aura yoga ina pA~ca tatvoM ko baMdha kA kAraNa batAyA gayA hai (15) viparIta zraddhA yA tattva jJAna ke abhAva ko mithyAttva kahate haiM / jIvAdi padArthoM kA zraddhAna na karanA mithyAdarzana hai| hiMsA, jhUTha, corI, kuzIla aura parigraha se virata na honA avirati hai / kuzala kAryo ke prati anAdara yA anAsthA honA pramAda hai| AtmA ke bhItarI ve kaluSa pariNAma, jo karmoM ke zleza ke kAraNa hote haiM yA jIva ke jina bhAvoM ke dvArA saMsAra kI prApti ho ve kaSAya bhAva haiN| kodha, mAna, mAyA aura lobha ke bheda se kaSAya ke cAra bheda haiN| inameM krodha aura mAna, dveSa- rupa hai tathA lobha aura mAyA, rAga-rupa hai| rAga aura dveSa hI samasta anartho kA mUla hai|

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anekAnta 66/3, julAI-sitambara 2013 34 karma - baMdha se mukti kA upAya : karma baMdhana se mukti pAne ke lie do upAyoM kA varNana zAstroM meM milatA hai| prathama upAya ke dvArA navIna karmabaMdha ko rokA jAtA hai, aura dUsarI vidhi ke dvArA AtmA se pUrvabaddha karmoM ko apane vipAka ke pUrva hI tapAdi ke dvArA alaga kiyA jAtA hai| ye kramazaH saMvara aura nirjarA ke nAma se jAne jAte haiN| AcArya umAsvAmI jI ke anusAra - 'Asrava nirodhaH saMvaraH 16) arthAt karmoM ke Asrava ke nirodha ko saMvara kahate haiM / AcArya akalaMka deva ne tatvArtha vArtika meM likhA hai ki jisa prakAra nagara kI acchI taraha se gherAbaMdI kara dene se zatru nagara ke andara praveza nahIM pA sakatA hai ThIka usI prakAra gupti, samiti, dharma, anuprekSA, parISaha-jaya aura cAritra dvArA indriya kaSAya aura yoga ko bhalI-bhA~ti saMvRta kara dene para AtmA meM Ane vAle navIna karmo kA ruka jAnA saMvara hai / (17) AcArya umAsvAmI jI ne tattvArthasUtra meM naye karma baMdha ko Ane se rokane ke lie sAta upAyoM kI carcA kI hai (18) ve isa prakAra haiM - gupti, samiti, dharma, anuprekSA, pariSaha jaya, caritra aura tapa / nirjarA - baMdhana se chuTakArA pAne ke lie uparyukta vidhi dvArA naye Ane vAle karmoM ko rokanA cAhie tathA pUrva saMcita yA purAne karmoM ke vinAza ke lie nirjarA kA abhyAsa karanA caahie| Atma-pradezoM se karmoM kA chUTanA nirjarA kahalAtA hai| AtmA ke sAtha baMdhe hue purAne karmoM kA kSaya karanA nirjarA kA kArya hai (19) karmoM kI nirjarA do prakAra se hotI hai - ; paddha savipAka aura ;papaddha avipAka nirjarA (20) yathA samaya svayaM karmoM kA udaya meM Akara phala dekara alaga hote rahanA savipAka nirjarA hai / tapazcaraNa ke dvArA karmoM kA AtmA se alaga karanA avipAka nirjarA hai| atipAka nirjarA hI mokSa kA kAraNa hai| mokSa svarupa nirupaNa karate hue AcArya umAsvAmI jI ne kahA hai ki - baMdha ke hetuoM kA abhAva hone se aura purAne karmoM kA nirjarA hone se samasta karmoM kA AtmA se samUla alaga hone se hI mokSa prApti hotI hai| eka bAra mokSa kI prApti hone ke bAda punaH janma yA punarjanma kI AvazyakatA nahIM raha jAtI hai| AtmavAdI vicArakoM ke anusAra punarjanma kI vyAkhyA- " bhAratIya vicAradhArA meM do prakAra ke vicAroM kA varNana milatA hai| prathama vicAradhArA ke anusAra 'AtmA ke punarjanma siddhAMta' ko mAnyatA prApta hai lekina dUsarI vicAradhArA ke anusAra punarjanma siddhAMta ko mAnyatA prApta nahIM hai| prathama vicAradhArA ke poSaka - nyAya vaizeSika, sAMkhya, yoga, bauddha aura jaina darzana aura dUsarI vicAradhArA meM cArvAka, yahUdI, IsAI aura islAma dharma ko rakhA jAtA hai| inako eka janma vAdI kahA jAtA hai| inake anusAra mRtyu ke bAda AtmA naSTa nahI hotI hai / vaha nyAya ke dina taka pratIkSA meM rahatI hai aura nyAya ke dina tatsambandhI devatA dvArA unake karmoM ke anusAra svarga yA naraka bheja dete haiN| nyAya - darzana ke matAnusAra zubha-azubha karma karane se isake saMskAra AtmA meM par3a jAte hai| vaizeSika matAnusAra rAga-dveSa se dharma aura adharma kI pravRtti hotI hai| isa prakAra kI pravRtti sukha-duHkha ko utpanna karatI hai tathA ye sukha-dukha jIva ke rAga-dveSa ko utpanna karate haiN|

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anekAnta 66/3, julAI-sitambara 2013 35 jisase janma-maraNa kA cakra calAyamAna rahatA hai / (21) SaDdarzana rahasya meM paM0 raMganAtha pAThaka likhate hai ki "jaba taka dharmAdharma rupa pravRtti janya saMskAra banA rahegA taba taka karmaphala bhogane ke lie zarIra grahaNa karanA Avazyaka rahatA hai / zarIra grahaNa karane para pratikUla vedanIya hone ke kAraNa bAdhanAtmaka duHkha kA honA anivArya rahatA hai / mithyA jJAna se duHkha jIvana paryanta avicchedana - nirantara pravartamAna hotA hai / yahI saMsAra zabda kA vAcya hai| yaha ghar3I kI taraha nirantara anuvRtta hotA rahatA hai| pravRtti hI punaH AvRtti kA kAraNa hotI hai|(22)" maharSi gautama ke anusAra "mithyA jJAna se rAga - dveSa Adi doSa utpanna hotA hai| ina doSoM se pravRtti hotI hai tathA pravRtti se janma aura janma se duHkha hotA hai (23) nyAya aura vaizeSikoM kA mata hai ki AtmA vyApaka hai| dharma aura adharma pravRttijanya saMskAra mana meM nihita hote haiN| ataH jaba taka AtmA kA mana ke sAtha sambandha rahatA hai taba taka AtmA kA punarjanma hotA rahatA hai| sAMkhya aura yoga darzana meM yaha mAnyatA hai ki "jIva apane zubhAzubha karmoM ke pariNAma svarupa aneka yoniyoM meM bhramaNa karatA hai / (24) sAMkhya-yoga cintakoM kA siddhAMta hai ki zubha aura azubha karma sthUla zarIra ke dvArA kiye jAte haiM lekina vaha una karmoM ke saMskAroM kA adhiSThAtA nahIM hai| zubha aura azubha karmo ke adhiSThAtA ke lie sthUla zarIra se bhinna sUkSma zarIra kI kalpanA kI gayI hai (25) pAMca karmendriya, pAMca jJAnendriya, pAMca tanmAtraoM, buddhi evaM ahaMkAra se sUkSma zarIra kA nirmANa hotA hai (26) mRtyu hone para sthUla zarIra naSTa ho jAtA hai kintu sUkSma zarIra vartamAna rahatA hai| isa sUkSma zarIra ko AtmA kA liMga bhI kahate haiM, jo pratyeka saMsArI puruSa ke sAtha rahatA hai| yahI sUkSma zarIra punarjanma kA AdhAra hai| AtmA ke mukta ho jAne para vaha usase alaga ho jAtA hai| mImAMsA darzana meM nyAya - vaizeSika kI taraha mana ko punarjanma kA kAraNa mAnakara punarjanma siddhAMta kI vyAkhyA kI gayI hai / aura vedAMta darzana meM sAMkhyoM kI taraha sUkSma zarIra kI kalpanA karake punarjanma kA vizleSaNa kiyA gayA hai| T bauddha darzana ke anusAra "kuzala (zubha) karma sugati kA aura akuzala - azubha karma durgati kA kAraNa hai| 'bhava caka sambandhI pratItyasamutpAda siddhAMta ke anusAra "avidyA aura saMskAra hI hamAre punarjanma ke kAraNa haiN| avidyA kA artha hai - ajnyaan| avAstavika ko vAstavika samajhanA, anAtma ko Atma mAnanA avidyA hai| avidyA - ajJAna ke kAraNa saMskAra hote haiN| saMskAra ko mAnasika vAsanA bhI kahate haiM / saMskAra se vijJAna utpanna hotA hai| vijJAna vaha cittadhArA hai jo pUrva janma meM kuzala - akuzala karmoM ke kAraNa utpanna hotI hai aura jisake kAraNa se manuSya ko A~kha, kAna Adi viSayaka anubhUti hotI hai (27) vijJAna ke kAraNa nAmarupa utpanna hotA hai / rupa ko nAma aura vedanA, saMjJA, saMskAra aura vijJAna ko rupa kahate haiN| mana aura zarIra ke samUha ke lie nAma - rupa kA prayoga kiyA jAtA hai| nAma rupa Sar3Ayatana ko utpanna karatA hai| pAMca iMdriyAM aura mana SaDAyatana kahalAtA hai / SaDAyatana sparza kA kAraNa hai| indriya aura viSayoM kA saMyoga sparza hai| sparza ke kAraNa vedanA utpanna hotI hai| pUrva indriyAnubhUti vedanA kahalAtI hai / vedanA tRSNA ko utpanna karatI hai / viSayoM ko bhogane kI lAlasA tRSNA kahalAtI hai| tRSNA upAdAna ko utpanna karatA hai / sAMsArika viSayoM ke prati Asakta rahane kI lAlasA upAdAna hai| upAdAna bhava kA kAraNa hai / bhava kA artha hai- janma

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36 anekAnta 66/3, julAI-sitambara 2013 grahaNa karane kI prvRtti| bhava - jAti (punarjanma) kA kAraNa hai aura jAti se hI jarA-maraNa hotA hai| isa prakAra isa punarjanma kA cakra calatA rahatA hai| avidyA aura tRSNA hI punarjanma - cakra ke mukhya cakke haiM / bauddha darzana meM punarjanma kI yahI prakriyA hai / (28) jaina vicArakoM kA mata hai ki "AtmA kA para- dravya ke sAtha saMyoga hone para usako vibhinna yoniyoM meM ghUmanA par3atA hai / (29) hiMsA, jhUTha, corI, abrahmacarya aura parigraha rupa azubha karma karane se jIva narakAdi azubha aura nimna yoniyoM meM bhramaNa karatA hai aura ahiMsAdi zubha karma karane se jIva manuSya deva Adi zubha yoniyoM meM janma letA hai|(30) yahA~ para yaha dhyAtavya hai ki AtmA aura karma kA anAdi kAla se sambandha hai, jisake kAraNa jIva anAdi kAla se AvAgamana rupa punarjanma ke cakra meM bhramaNa karatA rahatA hai| jainAcArya kundakunda ke anusAra - "isa saMsArI jIva ke anAdi karma-baMdha ke kAraNa rAga dveSa rupa snigdha evaM azuddha bhAva hote hai, una azuddha rAga dveSa rupa pariNAmoM ke kAraNa jJAnAvaraNAdi rupa ATha dravya karmoM kA baMdha hotA hai| ina dravya karmoM ke udaya se jIva naraka, tiryaca manuSya aura deva gatiyoM ko prApta karatA hai| ina gatiyoM me janma lene se zarIra kI upalabdhi hotI hai aura zarIra upalabdha hone para indriyAM hotI hai aura indriyoM ke hone para jIva viSaya grahaNa karatA hai tathA viSayoM ke grahaNa karane se rAga dveSa utpanna hote hai / isa prakAra saMsArI jIva kumbhakAra ke cakra ke samAna isa saMsAra meM bhramaNa karatA rahatA hai / (31) isa kathana se yaha siddha ho jAtA hai ki punarjanma kA pramukha kAraNa karma aura jIva kA pariNAma hai| AcArya amRtacaMda svAmI ke anusAra - "yaha jIva zarIra meM dUdha aura pAnI kI taraha mila kara rahatA hai to bhI apane svabhAva ko chor3akara zarIra rupa nahIM ho jAtA hai| rAgAdi bhAvoM sahita hone ke kAraNa yaha jIva dravyakarma rupI mala se malina ho jAne para mithyAtva rAgAdi rupa bhAva karmoM tathA dravya karmoM se racita anya zarIra meM praviSTa hotA rahatA hai| isa prakAra yaha siddha ho jAtA hai ki jIva svayaM zarIrAMtara meM jAtA hai / (32) anya darzano meM jise sUkSma zarIra kI mAnyatA pradAna kI hai, jaina darzana meM use pAMca zarIroM me se eka kArmaNa zarIra kahA gayA hai, jo samasta anya zarIroM kI apekSA sUkSma hotA hai (33) aura jo samasta saMsArI jIvoM ko hotA hai / saMsArI jIva kI mRtyu ke bAda audArikAdi samasta zarIra naSTa ho jAte haiM, kevala kArmaNa zarIra jIva ke sAtha rahatA hai| yahI kArmaNa zarIra jIva ko vibhinna yoniyoM me le jAtA hai|(34) jaba taka jIva mukta nahI ho jAtA hai taba taka isa zarIra kA vinAza nahIM hotA hai / kArmaNa zarIra hI anya samasta zarIroM kA kAraNa hotA hai (35) isa zarIra ke naSTa hone para hI jIva kA punarjanma nahIM hotA hai| karma siddhAMta ke adhyayana se yaha bAta mAlUma hotA hai ki eka AnupUrvI nAmaka nAmakarma hotA hai| yahI nAmakarma jIva ko apane utpatti sthAna taka usI prakAra pahu~cA detA hai, jisa prakAra rajjU(rassI) se baMdhA huA baila abhioNMTa sthAna para le jAyA jAtA hai| AnupUrvI karma vakragati karane vAle jIva kI sahAyatA karatA hai / kArmaNa zarIra yukta jIva abhiSTa janma sthAna para pahu~ca kara audArikAdi zarIra kA svayaM nirmANa karatA hai / jaina darzana meM punarjanma kI yahI vidhi hai|

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anekAnta 66/3, julAI-sitambara 2013 punarjanma siddhAnta kI siddhi bhAratIya manISiyoM ne aneka yuktiyo evaM pramANa dvArA punarjanma siddhAnta ko siddha kiyA hai (36) 1. navajAta zizu meM harSa, bhaya, zoka, mA~ kA stanapAna Adi kriyAoM se punarjanma siddhAMta kI puSTi hotI hai| kyoMki usane isa janma meM harSAdi kA anubhava nahIM kiyA hai, jaba ki ye saba kiyAeM pUrvAbhyAsa se hI sambhava haiN| ananta vIrya ne siddha vinizcaya TIkA meM isI tarka se punarjanma siddhAMta kI siddhi kI hai / jisa prakAra eka yuvaka kA zarIra zizu kI uttaravartI avasthA hai, isI prakAra zizu kA zarIra pUrva janma ke pazcAt hone vAlI avasthA hai| yadi aisA na mAnA jAya to pUrva janma meM bhoge hue tathA anubhava kiye hue kA smaraNa na hone se tatkAla prANiyoM meM uparyukta bhayAdi pravRttiyA~ kabhI nahIM hogI lekina unameM uparyukta pravRttiyAM hotI haiN| ataH punarjanma kI sattA svIkArya yogya hai| 37 2. prAyaH sabhI prANiyoM meM sAMsArika viSayoM ke prati rAga dveSAtmaka pravRtti kA honA bhI punarjanma ko siddha karatA hai| nyAyadarzana-vAtsyAyana bhASya meM isakA vistRta vivecana kiyA hai| 3. saMsAra ke sabhI prANI eka samAna nahIM hote hai / koI janma se andhA, baharA, lUlA hote haiM to koI bahuta sundara rupavAna hote haiM, Adi / isa prakAra jIvoM meM vyApta viSamatA kisI adRzya kAraNa kI ora saMketa karatI hai| yaha adRzya kAraNa pUrvajanma meM kiye gaye karmoM kA phala hai; jise bhogane ke lie dUsarA janma lenA par3atA hai| ataH jIvoM ke jIvana stara se bhI punarjanma kI siddhi hotI hai| 4. kucha vyakti alaukika pratibhA vAle hote hai aura kucha ajJAnI hote haiN| isakA kAraNa yahI hai ki jisa jIva ne jisa kArya kA pahale ke janma meM abhyAsa kiyA hotA hai, vaha usameM pravINa ho jAtA hai aura anabhyasta AtmA mUr3ha hotI hai| janma jAta vilakSaNa pratibhA ke AdhAra para bhI punarjanma kI siddhi hotI hai| pratyakSa aura smaraNa ke yoga - rupa jJAna - pratyabhijJAna ke AdhAra para bhI punarjanma kI siddhi hotI hai| jaina zAstroM meM devoM ke varNana ke antaragata devoM meM eka vyaMtara devoM kA bhI vargIkaraNa kiyA gayA hai| yakSa, rAkSasa, bhUtAdi vyaMtara deva prAyaH yaha kahate hue sune jAte haiM ki mai vahI hU~ jo pahale amuka thA / yadi AtmA kA punarjanma na mAnA jAya to bhUta, preta ko isa prakAra kA pratyabhijJAna nahIM honA caahie| ataH vyaMtaroM kA pratyabhijJAna punarjanma ko siddha karatA hai| 6. pUrvabhava kA smaraNa punarjanma ko siddha karane vAlA jvalanta pramANa hai| nArakI jIvoM ke duHkhoM kA varNana karate hue pUjyapAda ne kahA hai ki "pUrvabhava ke smaraNa hone se unakA baira dRr3hatara ho jAtA hai, jisase ve kutte - giddha kI taraha eka dUsare kA ghAta karane lagate haiN| yogasUtra ke kathana se bhI siddha hai ki AtmA kA punarjanma hotA hai| yadi

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8 38 anekAnta 66/3, julAI-sitambara 2013 punarjanma na ho to pUrvabhava ke smaraNa - kathana karane kA koI artha nahIM hotA hai| jaba taka dUsarA janma na mAnA jAya taba taka 'pUrvabhava nahIM kahA jA sktaa| punarjanma siddhAMta ke kathana se jIva ko na kevala naitika banane kI preraNA milatI hai balki vaha AtmA kI azuddhatA ko kamazaH dUrakara zuddhAtmA kI prApti ke lie prayatnazIla ho jAtA hai, zuddhAtmA - paramAtmA kI prApti hI jIvana kA aMtima uddezya hai| sandarbha: 1. (ka) pretyAmutra bhvaantre| amarakoSa 3/4/8 14. tattvAnuzAsana 8. (kha) mRtvA punarbhavanaM pretybhaavH| 15. tattvArtha sUtra 8/1. aSTasahasrI pRTha 165 16. tattvArtha sUtra 9/1. (ga) pretyabhAvaH prlokH|| aSTasahasrI pRSTha 17. tattvArthavArtika 1.4.11. tatvArtha sUtra 9/1. 18. tattvArtha sUtra 9/2-3. (gha) pratyabhAvo janmAntara lkssnnH|| 19. bhagavatI arAdhanA gAthA 1847. aSTasahasrI pRSTha 181 20. sarvArthasiddhi 8/23 pRSTha 399. (Da.) punarutpattiH pretybhaavH| nyAyasUtra 21. vaizeSika sUtra 6/2/14. bharatIya darzana kI 1/1/19 rupa rekhA pRSTha 262. 2. SaTkhaMDAgama bhAga 6/pRSTha 18 22. SaDdarzana rahasya pRSTha 135. 3. tatvArtha - vArtika 6/1/7 23. nyAya sUtra 1/1/2. 4. papaddha sarvArthasiddhi 2/26 evaM 6/1; papaddha 24. sAMkhya sUtra 6/41. tattavArthasUtra 6/1; papaddha paMcAdhyAyI 2/45 25. sAMkhya sUtra 6/16. 5. paMcAstikAya gAthA 65 - 66 26. sAMkhya sUtra pravacana bhASya 6/9. 6. tattvArthasUtra 8/2. tatvAnuzAsana 6. 27. bauddha darzana tathA anya bhAratIya darzana pRSTha 7. sarvArthasiddhi 7/25 tatvArthavArtika 1/4/17 pRSTha 26 28. bhAratIya darzana kI rupa rekhA pRSTha 150. 8. paMcAstikAya gAthA - 128-30, bhagavatI 29. jJAnArNava 21/22. 30. jJAnArNava , saMsArabhAvanA 8. 9. jaina tatva vidyA, pRSTha 317 31. paMcAstikAya 128/30. 10. tattvArthasUtra 8/2 11. mUlAcAra kA samIkSAtmaka adhyayana pRSTha 32. paMcAstikAya gAthA 34. 33. tattvArtha sUtra 2/36 - 7. / sarvasya - vahI 518 12. dravya saMgraha gAthA 33 , jaina dharma aura darzana, 2/42. 34. sarvAthasiddhi 2/25 pRSTha 183. pRSTha 129. 13. samayasAra gAthA 109, 237, 241, 177. 35. sarvAthasiddhi 36. bhAratIya darzana 395. kAkandI digambara jaina tIrthakSetra, posTa-khukhundu, jilA- devariyA (u.pra.)

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anekAnta 66/3, julAI-sitambara 2013 saMdarbha : 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. tattvArthazlokavArtika 6/1 paM. mANikacanda kaundeya, nyAyAcArya kI vyAkhyA, pR.431 sa ca kAryavID. manaH karma tenaivAtmani jJAnAvaraNAdikarmabhibandhisya karaNAt tasya bndhhetutvopptte| ta.zloka 6/1 pRSTha 432 pradhAna parimANo yoga ityuktaM, tasyAtmabandhahetuyogAt / pradhAnasyaiva bandhaheturasAviti cAyuktaM, bandhasyomayasthatva siddheH / tarhi jIvAjIva pariNAmo bandha iti cet, satyaM jIvakarmaNobandhisya tadumayapariNAmahetu katvavacanAt / ta.zlo. 6 / 1 / pR. 433 sakaSAyAkaSAyayoH saMparAyikeryApathayoH / tattvArthasUtra 6/4 puruSo'sti bhoktRbhAvAt kaivalyArthaM pravRttezca / / sAMkhya kArikA-17? taramAcca viparyAsAtsiddhaM sAkSitvamasya puruSasya kaivalyaM mAdhyasthyaM dRSTratvamakartRbhAvazca / / sAM. kA. 19 tasmAttatsaMyogAdacetanaM cetanavadiva liMGga / guNakartRtve ca tathA karteva bhvtyudaasiinH|| sA. kA. 39 20 tatra yaha sukhahetuH tat sukhAtmakaM sattvam, yat duHkhahetustaddha duHkhAtmakaM rajaH, yanmohahetu stanmohAtmakaM tmH| vAcaspati mizra : sAMkhya tattva kaumudI - 13vIM kArikA kI vyAkhyA sattvaM laghuprakAzakamiSTamupaSTammakaM calaM ca rajaH / guruvaraNakameva tamaH pradIpavaccArthato vRttiH / / sAMkhyakArikA-13 8. samayasAra - gAthA, 188 9. samayasAra, gAthA-22 evaM samayasAra, gAthA-49 11. tattvArthazloka vArtika 6/11 pR. 500-501 12. tattvArthazloka vArtika 6/11, pRSTha 4998-499 13. tatpradoSaninhavamAtsayanti rAyAsAdaneApaghAtAjJAnadarzanAvaraNayoH - ta.vA. 6/10 14. tattvArthazloka vArtika 6/10 kI vyAkhyA pR. 490-492 15. tattvArthazloka vArtika 6 / 3 kI vyAkhyA pR. 448 16. tattvArthazloka vArtika 6 / 3 kI vyAkhyA, pR. 449 17. tattvArthazloka vArtika 6/8 kI vyAkhyA, pR. 456 18. tattvArthazloka vArtika 6 / 11 kI vyAkhyA, pR. 501 DaoN. ramezacanda jaina muhallA- ku~vara bAlagovinda, bijanaura - 246 701 (u.pra.)

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mAnava jIvana meM zrAvakAcAra : vartamAna pariprekSya pro. DaoN. bhAgacandra jaina 'bhAgendu' jIvana kI kramikatA adhikAMza darzanoM meM svIkAra kI gayI hai| yadi koI kahe ki - 'maiM vartamAna meM jo hU~, mAtra vahI hU~ - na merA koI atIta hai aura na koI bhaviSya' - isa kathana meM kitanI saccAI hai? ise kahane yA samajhane kI jarUrata nahIM hai| - vartamAna jIvana kA pahale ke jIvana se aura Age Ane vAle (bhaviSya) jIvana se zrRMkhalA rUpa sambandha na ho to kyA kisI ko apane vartamAna jIvana meM karttavyoM kI sampUrti meM saccI abhirUci paidA ho sakatI hai- athavA banI raha sakatI hai? kyoM koI sthAyI prabhAva vAlA kArya karanA cAhegA, jisakA sIdhA lAbha use na milatA ho? arthAt nhiiN| vAstava meM vartamAna kevala vartamAna hI nahIM hai- vartamAna kA atIta bhI hai aura usakA bhaviSya bhI hai, aura yahI kAla kI kramikatA hai| usI prakAra jIvana kI kramikatA aTUTa hotI hai, jaba taka ki AtmA saMsAra se mukti na prApta kara le| jIvana kI kramikatA kA tAtparya hai - 'pUrvajanma tathA punarjanma kI vidyamAnatA aura karma-siddhAnta kI aTalatA / ' jIvanoM kI yaha zrRMkhalA ananta kAla se calatI AyI hai aura taba taka calatI rahegI, jaba ki sabhI prakAra ke karma - bandhanoM se AtmA mukta nahIM ho jaatii| lokamAnya bAlagaMgAdhara tilaka ke dvArA udghoSita aura saMkalpita rASTrIya svataMtratA ke mahAmaMtra- '"svarAjya mAjhA janma siddha adhikAra Ahe / to mI gheinaM ca' / ('svarAjya merA janma siddha adhikAra hai| use maiM lU~gA huuN|) ko isI tAratamya meM hama loga apane dRSTipatha evaM vicAra-paridhi meM rakhakara ke 'zAzvata svataMtratA' atha ca' svAdhInatA prApta karane hetu kriyAnvita ;mgamabanajapavadaddha ke lie jor3akara yuga-yugoM se karmoM kI ber3iyoM meM jakar3e aura janma-maraNa ke cakra meM ulajhe apane AtmA ko sarva-tantra svataMtra zAzvata sukha -mokSa kA rAhagIra banane kI nIMva-svarUpa apane 'gRhastha jIvana kI AcaraNa saMhitA' ;bvakama vA bvadakanabaja va ibhvanema bhvasakamateddha arthAt 'zrAvaka ke AcaraNa' meM parakhane aura tadanurUpa apane jIvana meM sahejane kA saMkalpa lenA Avazyaka hai| lokamAnya tilaka ke ukta kathana se dhvanyartha - ki saMsAra meM jIvana - -yApana karane vAle prANI kA mUla lakSya- bhava samudra ko pArakara "mukti" - lakSmI ko prApta karanA hai yahI hamArA janma siddha adhikAra hai aura isI mukti rUpI mahala meM praveza karane hetu samyak ratnatraya rUpa karttavyoM ke pAlana kA, unheM AtmasAt karane kA sudRr3ha saMkalpa honA caahie| vastutaH "saumya, zAnta aura tanAva rahita jIvana hamArA janma siddha adhikAra hai|

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anekAnta 66/3, julAI-sitambara 2013 yahA~ hamArA anurodha yaha hai ki - adhikAra to hai parantu yadi AdamI karttavya kI jamIna para khar3e hue bagaira use pAnA cAhegA, to vaha viphala ho jaaegaa| zrAvakAcAra gRhasthoM kI AcaraNa saMhitA hai| vaha bahuta vyAvahArika hai| usameM jo samAdhAna sujhAye haiM, ve svastha nAgarika ke adhikAroM aura kartavyoM kA bodha karAte haiN|' ve vyAvahArika haiM aura tamAma samasyA vRttoM ko chUte haiN| sAhityakAra zrI viSNu prabhAkara jI kA yaha kathana vartamAna nAgarikoM kI jIvana zailI ke yathArtha kA samartha nidarzaka hai "garIbI kI garimA, sAdagI kA sauMdarya, saMgharSa kA harSa, samatA kA svAda aura AsthA kA Ananda, ye saba hamAre AcaraNa se patajhara ke pattoM kI taraha jhara gaye haiN|" "mAnava jIvana meM zrAvakAcAra kI bhamikA' viSaya para ciMtana kA lakSya bhI yahI hai ki - manuSya ke jIvana kA yaha patajhara khatma hove aura basanta kA vaibhava punaH prakaTa hove| isa saMdarbha meM hamArA suspaSTa cintana hai ki yaha taba saMbhava hai, jaba vyakti aura samAja naitikatApUrNa ciMtana ke sAtha manana aura tadanusAra sanmArga meM pravRtta hove- prazasta AcaraNa ko apanI jIvana zailI kA Avazyaka aMga bnaave| anyathA bhautika samRddhi ke lie hone vAlI ApAdhApI meM hamAre jIvana meM patajhara ke khAtmA aura basanta ke vaibhava kA samAgama kI koI saMbhAvanA nahIM hai| ___ yahA~ hamArA kahanA hai ki - Ama AdamI saumya, zAnta aura tanAva- rahita jIvanacaryA ke lie zrAvaka kI AcaraNa saMhitA ko pahale caraNa meM svAdhyAya kare aura taba dravya, kSetra, kAla, bhAvoM ke anurUpa use apanI dainandina vyavasthA se yathAsaMbhava jodd'e| aisA karate samaya use apane sarvocca adhikAra 'ziva-sukha' kI prApti kA bhAna to rahe hI, sAtha hI tadanurUpa karttavyoM/AcaraNa saMhitA ke pAlana kA bodha bhI banA rhe| "chahaDhAlA' kI ye paMktiyA~ vaha hamezA gunagunAtA rahe - "Atama ko hita hai sukha, so sukha, AkulatA bina khie| AkulatA ziva mAMhi na tAte ziva maga lAgyo chie||" - 3.1 adhikAMza zrAvaka to yuga-yugoM se apane adhikAra aura kartavyoM ke prati besudha haiM tabhI to AcAryakalpa paM. AzAdhara jI ko likhanA par3A - anAdyavidyA - doSottha - catuH saMjJA - jvraaturaaH| zazvat svajJAna - vimukhAH sAgArAH vissyonmukhaaH||1 sAgAradharmAmRta, a.1-padya 2 (jaise vAta, pitta aura kapha ina tInoM doSoM kI viSamatA se utpanna hone vAle prAkRta Adi) cAra prakAra ke jvaroM se pIr3ita hone ke kAraNa manuSya hitAhita ke viveka zUnya ho jAtA hai| usI prakAra anitya padArthoM ko nitya, apavitra padArthoM ko pavitra, duHkhoM ko sukha tathA

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anekAnta 66/3, julAI-sitambara 2013 apane se bhinna strI, putra, mitra Adi bAhya padArthoM ko 'apanA mAnanA' rUpa anAdi kAlIna avidyA rUpI vAta, pitta vA kapha kI viSamatA se utpanna hone vAlI AhAra Adi cAroM saMjJAoM rUpI jvara se pIr3ita hone ke kAraNa, jo nirantara mukhyatayA svAtmajJAna se vimukha hokara rAga tathA dveSa se iSTa tathA aniSTa viSayoM meM pravRtta rahatA hai, use 'sAgAra' kahate haiN| gRhasthAzrama aura zrAvaka : bhAratIya saMskRti meM gRhasthAzrama kA atyadhika mahattva hai| gRhasthAzrama meM nivAsa karane vAle vyakti ke lie jainadharma meM zrAvaka, sAvaya, sAvaga, upAsaga, samaNopAsaka, gihI, agArika, dezasaMyamI, AgArI aura sAgAra zabdoM kA prayoga kiyA gayA hai| 'zrAvaka' zabda kI vyutpatti aura nirukti : zru + Nvul = shraavk| zrRNoti gurvAdibhyaH dharmam iti shraavkH| arthAt jo zraddhApUrvaka guru Adi se dharma zravaNa karatA hai, vaha 'zrAvaka' hai| niruktiH zranti pacanti tattvArthazraddhAnaM niSThAM nayanti iti zrAH, vapanti guNavat saptakSetreSu dhana bIjAni nikSipantIti vAH, tathA kiranti kliSTa karmarajo vikSipantIti kAH, tataH karmadhAraye 'zrAvakAH iti bhvti|2 isakA tatpArya yaha hai ki - "zrAvaka" pada meM tIna akSara haiM, inameM se "zrA" zabda se tattvArtha - zraddhAna kA bodha hotA hai| 'va' zabda - sapta dharma - kSetroM meM dhana rUpa bIja bone kA preraka hai| 'ka' zabda - kliSTa karma yA mahApApoM ko dUre karane kA saMketa karatA hai| isa prakAra karmadhAraya samAsa meM 'zrAvaka' zabda niSpanna hotA hai| zrAvaka svarUpa : kucha vidvAnoM ne 'zrAvaka' pada ke artha ko aura bhI pallavita kiyA hai - jaise-jo zraddhApUrvaka jaina zAsana ko sune, dIna-duHkhiyoM ko dAna de, samyagdarzana ko varaNa kare, sukRta aura puNya karma kare, saMyamAcaraNa kare,use vidvajjana 'zrAvaka' kahate haiN| zrAvaka kI paribhASA: saMkSepa meM "zrAvaka" ko isa prakAra se paribhASita kiyA jA sakatA hai - sacce deva zAstra guru ke prati zraddhA rakhane vAle sad gRhastha ko 'zrAvaka' kahate haiM athavA paMca parameSThI kA bhakta, dAna va pUjana meM tatpara, bheda- vijJAna rUpI amRta ko pIne kA icchuka tathA mUlaguNa va uttaraguNoM kA pAlana karane vAlA vyakti 'zrAvaka' kahalAtA hai, athavA dezavirata nAmaka paMcama guNasthAna ke darzana pratimA Adi sthAnoM meM munivrata kA icchuka hotA huA jo samyagdRSTi vyakti kisI eka sthAna ko dhAraNa karatA hai, use 'zrAvaka' kahA gayA hai| 1. vasunandizrAvakAcAra, pR.20 para uddhRta padya ke AdhAra pr| A. devasena ne apabhraMza bhASA meM racita zrAvakAcAra viSayaka "sAvaya dhamma dohA" meM zrAvaka kI paribhASA padya 59 meM dete hue kahA hai

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anekAnta 66/3, julAI-sitambara 2013 "pA~ca aNuvrata, tIna guNavrata aura cAra zikSAvrata ye zrAvaka ke bAraha vrata hote haiN| ye vrata manuSya aura devoM ke sukhoM kA upabhoga karAkara jIva ko nirvANa pada taka le jAte haiN| unhoMne Age isI grantha ke padya 76 meM likhA hai - ehu dhamma jo Ayarai baMbhaNu sudadu vi koi| so sAvau kiM sAvayahaM aNNu ki siri maNi hoi|4 jo (ukta nirdiSTa aNuvratAdi rUpa bAraha prakAra ke) dharma kA AcaraNa karatA hai, vaha cAhe brAhmaNa, zUdra koI bhI ho 'zrAvaka' kahalAtA hai| zrAvaka ke zira para kyA anya koI maNi rahatA hai| vastutaH zrAvaka kI pahacAna ukta vrata hI hai| gRhastha ke mUlaguNa : katipaya zrAvakAcAroM meM zrAvaka kI AcaraNa saMhitA meM gRhasthoM ke mUlaguNa isa prakAra varNita haiM : madya, mAMsa aura madhu ke tyAga sahita aNuvratoM ko gRhasthoM ke 'mUlaguNa' kahate haiM athavA madya, madhu, rAtri bhojana va paMca udamba phala kA tyAga, devavandanA, jIva dayA karanA aura pAnI chAnakara pInA - ye ATha 'mUlaguNa' zrAvaka ke mAne gaye haiN| uttaraguNa ke sAtha meM dAna, pUjA, zIla aura upavAsa - ye cAra zrAvaka ke dharma haiN|5| pUrvajoM kI kIrti kI rakSA, jinapUjana, atithi satkAra, bandhu bAndhavoM kI sahAyatA aura Atmonnati - ye zrAvaka ke pA~ca karttavya haiN| athavA jina pUjA, guru kI sevA, svAdhyAya, saMyama, tapa aura dAna - ye chaha karma zrAvaka ke lie pratidina karane yogya Avazyaka kArya haiN| zrAvaka ke bheda - zrAvaka ke tIna bheda haiM - 1. pAkSika, 2. naiSThika, aurara 3. sAdhakaM 1. pAkSika zrAvaka - maitrI, pramoda, kAruNya aura mAdhyastha bhAva se vRddhi ko prApta hote hue samasta hiMsA kA tyAga karanA jainoM kA pakSa kahalAtA hai| isalie gRhastha dharma meM jinendra bhagavAn ke prati zraddhA rakhatA huA jo zrAvaka hiMsA Adi pAMca pApoM ko sthUla rUpa se tyAga karane kA abhyAsa karatA hai vaha 'pAkSika' zrAvaka kahalAtA hai| vaha hiMsA Adi se bacane ke lie sabase pahale mAMsa, madirA evaM zahada tathA paMca udumbara phaloM ko chor3atA hai| vaha gurujanoM kI rakSA, svAdhyAya, saMyama, tapa aura dAna rUpa gRhasthoM ke lie pratidina karane yogya Avazyaka kArya bhI karatA hai| 2. naiSThika zrAvaka - ___jo zraddhApUrvaka vrata, sAmAyika Adi gyAraha pratimAoM meM se, eka do yA sabhI pratimAe~ grahaNa karatA hai, vaha "naiSThika zrAvaka" kahalAtA hai| 3. sAdhaka zrAvaka - ___ jo zrAvaka Anandita hotA huA jIvana ke anta meM arthAt mRtyu samaya, zarIra, bhojana aura mana, vacana kAya ke vyApAra ke tyAga se pavitra dhyAna ke dvArA AtmA kI zuddhi kI sAdhanA karatA hai, vaha "sAdhaka' kahA jAtA hai|

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44 anekAnta 66/3, julAI-sitambara 2013 jisameM sampUrNa guNa vidyamAna hai, jo zarIra kA kAMpanA, ucchavAsa lenA, netroM kA kholanA, Adi kriyAoM kA tyAga kara rahA hai aura jisakA citta loka ke Upara virAjamAna siddhoM meM lagA huA hai, aise samAdhimaraNa karane vAle kA zarIra parityAga karanA sAdhakapanA kahalAtA hai| mokSamArga meM samyak cAritra kI bhI anivAryatA : samyagdarzana dharma kA mUla avazya hai para mAtra samyagdarzana se mokSa- rUpa phala kI prApti nahIM ho sktii| mokSa prApti ke lie to samyagdarzana aura samyagjJAna se samanvita samyakcAritra kI AvazyakatA hai| isIlie A. umAsvAmI ne 'samyagdarzana-jJAna-cAritrANi mokSamArgaH (mokSazAstra 1.1) - sUtra dvArA samyagdarzana Adi ratnatraya kI pUrNatA ko hI 'mokSa-mArga' kahA hai| AcArya samantabhadra svAmI ne hiMsA, asatya, caurya, abrahma aura parigraha ina pA~ca pApoM kA sakaladeza parityAga karanA 'sakala cAritra' hai, aura ekadeza tyAga karanA 'vikala cAritra; hai| sakala cAritra muniyoM ke hotA hai aura vikala cAritra gRhasthoM ke| sakala cAritra meM pA~ca mahAvrata, pAMca samiti, aura tIna guptiyoM kI pradhAnatA hai, vikala cAritra meM - pAMca aNuvrata, tIna guNavrata aura cAra zikSAvratoM kA vaibhava hai| bAraha vratoM meM pAMca aNuvratoM ke saMbandha meM kahIM bhI matabheda nahIM hai| unake nAma- bheda avazya milate haiN| jaise A. kundakunda ne apane 'cAritra prAbhRta' meM pA~cave aNuvrata kA nAma parigrahArambha parimANa aura cauthe aNuvrata kA nAma 'para pimma parihAra jisakA artha parastrItyAga hai tathA prathama aNuvrata kA nAma 'sthUla trasa kAya vadha parihAra' rakhA hai| A. samantabhadra ne 'ratnakaraNDa' meM cauthe aNuvrata kA nAma 'paradAranivRtti' aura 'svadArasaMtoSa' rakhA hai evaM pAMcaveM aNuvrata kA nAma 'parigraha parimANa' ke sAtha 'icchA parimANa' bhI rakhA hai| kucha anya AcAryoM ke granthoM meM bhI ina aNuvrata ke kucha anya nAma prApta hote haiN| zrAvakAcAra vartamAna pariprekSya meM : samAja, rASTra evaM vizva meM zrAvakAcAra' kI guNavattA viziSTa rUpa se sarvamAnya hai| kintu Aja samaya badala gayA hai| mAnava meM sAtvika manovRtti meM hInatA AyI hai, malInatA vAyu kI taraha prAyaH sarvatra parivyApta ho rahI hai, aisI sthiti meM zrAvakAcAra ke siddhAntoM kI mahattA viziSTa rUpa se pratibhAsita ho rahI hai| manuSya bhava prApta hone ke bAda manuSyatva, zAstra zravaNa, zraddhA aura sNym| ye cAra sAdhana jIva ko prApta hone atyanta kaThina haiN| ina cAroM meM manuSyatva sabase pahalA hai| manuSya zarIra pAne ke bAda bhI yadi manuSyatA na prApta kI gayI, to manuSya janma bekAra hai| zikSA ke kSetra meM parIkSAoM meM uttIrNa hokara vakIla, DaoNkTara, iMjIniyara Adi aneka DigriyA~ prApta karate haiM, lekina manuSyatva kI parIkSA meM uttIrNa hone vAle kitane hote haiM? manuSyatva kI saccI

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anekAnta 66/3, julAI-sitambara 2013 zikSA dene vAle - skUla, kaoNleja, vidyA maMdira tathA pAThya pustakeM Aja kahA~ haiM? zrAvakAcAra manuSyatA kI zikSA dene vAlA mukta vizvavidyAlaya vcamada ndapaamatepajaladdha hai| jaina paribhASA meM AcaraNa ko 'cAritra' kahate haiN| cAritra kA artha hai- saMyama pAlana, bhoga vilAsa se udAsInatA, azubha pravRttiyoM se nivRtti aura zubha pravRtti kI sviikRti| Aja kI pramukha samasyAe~ : - tanAva, atRpti, azAnti, caritrahInatA aura suvidhAvAda hai| ye samasyAe~ pahale rAI jitanI laghukAya thIM, kintu Aja surasA ke mukha ke samAna vikarAla ho gayI haiM, aise vikaTa mor3a meM zrAvakAcAra ke siddhAnta samasyAoM ke ghAva ko bharane vAlA samAdhAna rUpI malahama haiN| vartamAna pariprekSya meM 'zrAvakAcAra' nirdezita karatA hai: 1. vizva hiMsA parAyaNa hai, ataH 'ahiMsA' caahie| 2. padArtha kA AkarSaNa bar3hA hai, ataH 'satyadRSTi' caahie| 3. vizva azAnta hai, ataH 'saMyama' caahie| 4. vAsanAe~ bar3ha rahI haiM, ataH 'brahmacarya' caahie| 5. vizva atRpta hai, ataH 'aparigraha' caahie| 6. tanAva bar3ha rahe haiM, ataH 'dharmadhyAna/sAmAyika' caahie| zrAvakAcAra ke antargata sabase pahalI AdhAra bhUmi "ahiMsA" hai| yadi mAtra ise apanA liyA jAve to zrAvakAcAra ke anya aMga svayameva zrAvaka se juTane ko utAvale dikhAyI deNge| Aja vizva vinAza ke kagAra para khar3A hai| cAroM ora hiMsA kA bolabAlA hai| eka deza antaraMga meM eka dUsare se bhayabhIta haiN| isa bhaya ko dUra karane ke lie zrAvakAcAra' ne ahiMsA kA siddhAnta vizleSita kiyA hai| jaise khUna se sanA vastra khUna se dhone para kabhI sApha nahIM hotA, isI prakAra hiMsA karane se kabhI bhI hiMsA nahIM mitttii| ataH hiMsA ko rokane ke lie 'zrAvakAcAra-sammata ahiMsANuvrata ko apanAnA hogaa| 'zrAvakAcAra' meM samAviSTa anya vrata svayameva ahiMsA kI paridhi meM A jAte haiM, kyoMki jo ahiMsaka hote haiM,ve hI zuddha satya ke marma ko samajhate haiN| mRdu satya unake jIvana meM dUdha meM makkhana kI taraha samAyA rahatA hai| jo ahiMsaka hote haiM, ve hI acaurya vrata ke dhAraka hote haiN| abrahmacarya' lAkhoM jIvoM kI hiMsA kA pariNAma hai, brahmacarya ahiMsaka ArAdhanA hai| 'parigraha' to hiMsA ke binA saMbhava hI nahIM hai, 'parigraha' eka aisA pApa hai, jisameM samasta pApa Akara samAte haiN| isakA niSkarSa yahI hai ki zrAvakAcAra meM varNita eka mAtra ahiMsA siddhAnta ko hI yadi hama apanA leveM to anya vrata svayameva zrAvaka ke AcaraNa se jur3a jaaveNge| 'zrAvakAcAra' vyakti meM viveka aura sahiSNutA, saMyama aura svAvalaMbana, sadAcAra aura udAratApUrNa jIvana zailI pallavita, puSpita aura samRddha karatA hai| hameM jala, agni aura vanaspatiyoM kA asImita upabhoga karane se bacanA

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46 anekAnta 66/3, julAI-sitambara 2013 caahiye| jaruratamaMda kI sahAyatA aura sAdhuoM kI AhAra, vihAra-nihAra kI samucita vyavasthA karanA, "vartamAna pariprekSya meM zrAvakAcAra kI mUla bhAvanAoM kA saMrakSaNa hai|" saMdarbha: 1. sAgAra dharmAmRta : svopajJa TIkA - 1/15 2. abhidhAna rAjendra koSa : zrI vijaya rAjendra sUrIzvara, 'sAvaya' zabda, prakAzaka- zrI jaina zvetAmbara samasta saMgha ratalAma, san 1913-14 3. sAvaya dhamma dohA, padya 59 4. vahI, padya 59 / 5. muni kSamAsAgara : jaina darzana pAribhASika zabda koSa prakAzaka- maitrI samUha : 2009, pRSTha-316 6. vahI, pRSTha-316 7. vahI, pRSTha 200 8. vahI, pRSTha 185 9. vahI, pRSTha 185 10. vahI, pRSTha 346 - DAyarekTara, saMskRta prAkRta tathA jaina vidyA anusaMdhAna kendra, damoha (ma.pra.) 470 661

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ratnakaraNDaka zrAvakAcAra meM varNita zrAvaka-vratoM kA vaiziSTya - DaoN. jinendra kumAra jaina jaina dharma kevala nivRttimUlaka darzana nahIM hai, balki usake pravRttyAtmaka rUpa meM aneka aise tattva vidyamAna haiM, jinameM nivRtti aura pravRtti kA samanvaya hokara dharma kA lokopakArI rUpa prakaTa huA hai| isa dRSTi se jainadharma jahA~ eka ora aparigrahI, mahAvratadhArI anagAra dharma ke rUpa meM nivRttipradhAna dikhAI detA hai, to dUsarI ora maryAdita pravRttiyA~ karane vAle aNuvratadhArI zrAvaka dharma kI gatividhiyoM meM samyak niyaMtraNa karane vAlA dikhAI detA hai| samAja-racanA meM rAjanIti aura arthanIti ke dharAtala para yadi jainadarzana ke ahiMsAtmaka svarUpa kA prayoga kareM to Adhunika yuga meM samatAvAdI dRSTikoNa ko sthApita kiyA jA sakatA hai| mahAtmA gA~dhI ne bhI Arthika kSetra meM TrasTIzipa kA siddhAnta AvazyakatAoM se adhika vastuoM kA saMcaya na karanA, zarIra zrama, svAdavijaya, upavAsa Adi ke jo prayoga kiye, unameM jainadarzana ke prabhAvoM ko sugamatA se rekhAMkita kiyA jA sakatA hai| jaina darzana kA mUla lakSya vItarAgabhAva arthAt rAga-dveSa se rahita samabhAva kI sthiti prApta karanA hai| samabhAva rUpa samatA meM sthita rahane ko hI dharma kahA gayA hai| samatA dharma kA pAlana zramaNa ke lie prati samaya Avazyaka hai| isIlie jaina paramparA meM samatA meM sthita jIva ko hI zramaNa kahA gayA hai| jaba taka hRdaya meM yA samAja meM viSama bhAva bane rahate haiM, taba taka samabhAva kI sthiti prApta nahIM kI jA sktii| ataH yaha Avazyaka hai ki viSamatA ke jo kaI stara, yathA-sAmAjika viSamatA, vaicArika viSamatA, dRSTigata viSamatA, saiddhAntika viSamatA Adi prApta hote haiM, unameM vyAvahArika rUpa se samAnatA honI caahie| lobha aura moha pApoM ke mUla kahe gaye haiN| moha rAga-dveSa ke kAraNa hI (jIva) vyakti samAja meM pApayukta pravRtti karane lagatA hai| isalie inake naSTa ho jAne se AtmA ko samatA meM adhiSThita kahA gayA hai| samAja meM vyApta isa Arthika vaiSamya ko jainadarzana meM parigraha kahA gayA hai| yaha Asakti, artha-moha yA parigraha kaise TUTe, isake lie jainadharma meM zrAvaka ke lie bAraha vratoM kI vyavasthA kI gaI hai| ___ jaina paramparA meM dharma ke do rUpa prApta hota haiM - zramaNa dharma evaM zrAvaka dhrm| mahAvrata ke sambandha meM AcArya samantabhadra likhate haiM - paJcAnAM pApAnAM hiMsAdInAM manovacaH kaayaiH| kRta-kArita'numodaistyAgastu mahAvrataM mhtaam||5

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48 anekAnta 66/3, julAI-sitambara 2013 arthAt mana, vacana evaM kAya dvArA kRta, kArita, anumodanA pUrvaka pAMcoM pApoM kA pUrNarUpa se tyAga karanA hI mahAvrata hai| munivarga mahAvratoM kA pAlana karate haiM tathA zrAvaka varga aNuvrata sahita dvAdaza vratoM kA pAlana karate haiN| zrAvaka dharma kA vistRta vivaraNa AcArya samantabhadra ne ratnakaraNDaka zrAvakAcAra nAmaka grantha meM diyA hai tathA usameM unhoMne zrAvaka ke vibhinna dharmoM ko vivecita kiyA hai| zvetAmbara jaina AgamoM meM jJAtAdharmakathA dvAdazAMgI ke antargata parigaNita hai| isake paMcama adhyayana meM zailaka kA kathAnaka diyA gayA hai, jisameM eka prasaMga thAvaccA putra evaM zuka ke bIca hue saMvAda sahita yahA~ aparigraha kI pravRtti ko darzAne ke lie dRSTavya hai - mUla pATha - 'sarisavayA te bhaMte ! bhakkheyA abhakkheyA? 'suyA! sarisavayA bhakkheyA vi abhakkheyA vi|' se keNaTheNaM bhaMte! evaM vuccai sarisavayA bhakkheyA vi abhakkheyA vi? 'suyA!sarisavayA duvihA paNNattA, taM jahA-mittasarisavayA dhannasarisavayA y| tattha NaM je te mittasarisavayA te tivihA paNNattA, taM jahA- sahajAyayA, sahavaDDhiyayA shpNsukiiliyyaa| teNaM samaNANaM niggaMthANaM abhkkheyaa| tatthaM NaM je te satthapariNayA te duvihA pannatA, taM jahA-phAsugA ya asaphAsugA y| aphAsugA NaM suyA! no bhkkheyaa| tattha NaMje te phAsuyA te duvihA pannattA, taM jahA jAiyA ya ajaaiy| tatthaM NaM te ajAiyA te abhkkheyaa| tattha NaM je te jAiyA te duvihA paNNattA, taM jahAesaNijjA ya aNesaNijjA y| tattha NaM je te aNesaNijjA te NaM amkveyaa| tattha NaM jete esaNijjA le duvihA pannatA, taM jahA-laddhA ya alddhaay| tattha NaM te aladdhA te abhkkheyaa| tattha NaM je te laddhA te niggaMthANaM bhkkheyaa| eeNaM adreNaM suyA! evaM vuccai sarisavayA bhakkheyA vi abhakkheyA vi| zuka parivrAjaka ne prazna kiyA - 'bhagavan ! Apake lie 'sarisavayA' bhakSya haiM yA abhakSya haiN|' thAvaccAputra ne uttara diyA- 'he zuka! 'sarisavayA' hamAre lie bhakSya bhI haiM aura abhakSya bhI haiN|' zuka ne punaH prazna kiyA- 'bhagavan! kisa abhiprAya se aisA kahate haiM ki 'sarisavayA (sRdaza vaya vAle mitra) aura dhAnya-sarisavayA bhakSya bhI haiM aura abhakSya bhI haiM? thAvaccAputra uttara dete haiM- 'he zuka ! 'sarisavayA' do prakAra ke kahe gaye haiM- mitrasarisavayA (sadRza vaya vAle mitra) aura dhAnya-sarisavayA (srsoN)| inameM jo mitra-sarisavayA haiM ve tIna prakAra ke haiN| 1. sAtha janme hue, 2. sAtha bar3he hue, 3. sAtha-sAtha dhUla meM khele hue| yaha tIna prakAra ke mitra-sarisavayA zramaNa nirgranthoM ke lie abhakSya haiN|

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anekAnta 66/3, julAI-sitambara 2013 jo dhAnya-sarisavayA (sarasoM) haiM, ve do prakAra haiM- zastrapariNata aura ashstrprinnt| unameM jo azastrapariNata haiM arthAt jinako acitta karane ke lie agni Adi zastroM kA prayoga nahIM kiyA gayA hai, ataeva jo acitta nahIM hai, ve zramaNa nirgranthoM ke lie abhakSya haiN| ___ jo zastrapariNata haiM, ve do prakAra ke haiM- prAsuka aura apraasuk| he zuka! aprAsuka bhakSya nahIM hai| unameM jo prAsuka haiM, ve do prakAra ke haiM- yAcita (yAcanA kiye hue) aura ayAcita (nahIM yAcanA kiye hue)| unameM jo ayAcita haiM, ve abhakSya haiN| unameM jo yAcita haiM, ve do prakAra ke haiN| yathA-eSaNIya aura anessnniiy| unameM jo aneSaNIya haiM, ve abhakSya haiN| ___ jo eSaNIya haiM, ve do prakAra ke haiM- labdha (prApta) aura alabdha (apraapt)| unameM jo alabdha haiM, ve abhakSya haiN| jo labdha haiM ve nirgranthoM ke lie bhakSya haiN| 'he zuka ! isa abhiprAya se kahA hai ki sarisavayA bhakSya bhI haiM aura abhakSya bhI haiN| jJAtAdharmakathA ke ukta dRSTAMta meM yadyapi zramaNa ke bhakSya aura abhakSya kA vivecana kiyA gayA hai kintu viSaya ke Aloka meM yahA~ yaha vizeSa rUpa se kahA jA sakatA hai ki abhakSya kA tyAga anAvazyaka saMgraha evaM hiMsA ke tyAga kI bhAvanA ko vyakta karatA hai| yadi vyakti saMyamapUrNa AhAra ko grahaNa karatA hai to eka ora svAsthya aura dharma ArAdhanA kA pAlana to hotA hI hai, sAtha hI sAtha Arthika dRSTi se vaha bhI apane Apa ko samRddha karatA hai| zrAvaka zabda - zrA, va evaM ka ina tIna zabdoM ke yoga se banatA hai| jisameM zrA zabda se = zraddhA, va zabda se = viveka tathA ka zabda se = kriyA kA artha pradarzita hotA hai| ataH zrAvaka kA artha vivekavAna viraktacitta aNavratI athavA gRhastha hotA hai| jaina paramparA meM zrAvaka ke tIna bheda- pAkSika (nijadharma kA pakSa mAtra karane vAlA), naiSThika (vratadhArI gRhastha jo pratimAe~ dhAraNa karatA hai) tathA sAdhaka (jo pratikSaNa apanI sAdhanA meM lagA rahatA hai) prApta hote haiN| ___jaina paramparA meM zrAvaka dharma kA pratipAdana karane vAle granthoM meM ratnakaraNDaka zrAvakAcAra atiprAcIna grantha hai| AcArya vaTTakera ne mUlAcAra, zivArya ne bhagavatI ArAdhanA nAmaka grantha likhakara zramaNadharma kA pratipAdana kiyA vahIM paM. AzAdhara jI ne sAgAra dharmAmRta evaM anagAradharmAmRta nAmaka granthoM meM donoM dharmo kA pratipAdana kiyaa| AcAryavasutindi, amitagata, joindu, sakalakIrti Adi AcAryoM ne zrAvakadharma ke granthoM kI racanAkara jaina sAhitya ko samRddha kiyaa| bhagavAn mahAvIra ne jainAgamoM meM agAradharma bAraha prakAra kA batalAyA hai| zrAvaka dharma kA pratipAdana AcArya samantabhadra ne apane grantha ratnakaraNDa zrAvakAcAra meM vistAra se kiyA hai| unhoMne 7 adhikAroM-samyagdarzana adhikAra (78 gAthAeM), samyagjJAna adhikAra (14 gAthAeM), aNuvrata adhikAra (41 gAthAeM), guNavrata adhikAra (24 gAthAeM), zikSAvrata adhikAra (44 gAthAeM), sallekhanA adhikAra (20 gAthAeM), savrata adhikAra (17 gAthAeM), evaM anya 12 gAthAe~ = kula 150 gAthAoM meM zrAvaka dharma kA pratipAdana kiyA hai| ratnakaraNDakazrAvakAcAra meM AcArya samantabhadra ne zrAvaka ke caritra ko paribhASita karate hue likhA hai - gRhINAM tredhA triSThatyaNu-guNa-zikSA-vRtAtmakaM crnnN| paMca-tri-caturbhedaM trayaM ythaasNkhyaamaakhyaatm||51||rtnk.

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50 anekAnta 66/3, julAI-sitambara 2013 arthAt zrAvaka ke tIna prakAra kA caritra hotA hai- pAMca aNuvrata, tIna guNavrata tathA cAra shikssaavrt| ve isa prakAra haiM :pAMca agravuta isa prakAra haiM - 1. ahiMsANuvrata - sthUla- moTe taura para, apavAda rakhate hue prANAtipAta se nivRtta honaa| 2. satyANuvrata - sthUla mRSAvAda se nivRtta honaa| 3. acauryANuvrata - sthUla adattAdAna se nivRtta honaa| 4. brahmacaryANuvrata - svadArasaMtoSa - apanI pariNItA patnI taka maithuna kI sImA krnaa| 5. aparigrahANuvrata - icchA-parigraha kI icchA kA parimANa yA sImAkaraNa krnaa| tIna guNavrata isa prakAra haiM : 1. digvrata - vibhinna dizAoM meM jAne ke sambandha meM maryAdA yA siimaakrnn| 2. anarthadaMDa viramaNa- AtmA ke lie ahitakara yA AtmaguNaghAtaka nirarthaka pravRtti kA tyaag| 3. upabhoga-paribhoga-parimANa vrata- upabhoga- jinheM aneka bAra bhogA jA sake, aisI vastue~- jaise vastra Adi tathA paribhoga jinheM eka hI bAra bhogA jA sake- jaise bhojana Adi, inakA primaann-siimaakrnn| cAra zikSAvrata isa prakAra haiM :1. sAmAyika - samatA yA samatvabhAva kI sAdhanA ke lie eka niyata smy| (nyUnatama) eka mUhUrta-48 miniTa meM kiyA jAne vAlA abhyaas| 2. dezAvakAzika - nitya prati apanI pravRttiyoM meM nivRtti-bhAva kI buddhi kA abhyaas| 3. poSadhopavAsa - yathAvidhi AhAra, abrahmacarya adi kA tyaag| tathA4. vaiyAvRtya - guNoM meM anurAga se saMyamI athavA tapasvI janoM ke kheda ko dUra karanA vaiyAvRtya hai| zrAvakavratoM kA vaiziSTya - AcArya samantabhadra ratnakaraNDaka zrAvakAcAra meM pratyeka vrata ke svarUpa evaM phala para vicAra karate haiN| aNuvratoM ko dhAraNa karane kA phala batalAte hue kahate haiM paJcANuvratanidhayo, niratikramaNA phalanti surlokN| yatrAvadhiraSTaguNA, divyazarIraM ca lbhynte||63||rtn.k. AcArya isa gAthA meM aNuvrata ke dhAraNa karane ke cAra phala dikhA rahe haiN| arthAt jo aNuvratoM kA niraticAra pUrvaka pAlana karatA hai, use 1 deva paryAya kI prApti 2 avadhijJAna kI prApti 3 aSTa-labdhiyoM kI prApti 4 divya zarIra kI prApti hotI hai| yaha zrAvaka ke aNuvrata dhAraNa karane kI hI phala hai jo aNuvratoM ke vaiziSTya ko ujAgara karatA hai| anarthadaNDa viramaNavrataH abhyantaradigavadherapArthakebhyaH spaapyogebhyH| viramaNamanarthadaNDavrataM viduvrtdhraannnyH||74||rtnk.

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anekAnta 66/3, julAI-sitambara 2013 51 arthAt dizAoM kI maryAdA ke bhItara binA prayojana pApabandha ke kAraNabhUta kAryoM se virakta honA hI anarthadaMDa viramaNa vrata hai| ukta gAthA meM ap evaM arthaka zabda ko sandhi karake apArthaka zabda kA prayoga kiyA hai, jisakA artha hai-nisspryojn| yahI zabda isa vrata kI bhAvanA ko vyakta karatA hai ki niSprayojana kI gaI pAparUpa pravRtti kA tyAga Avazyaka hI nahIM, anirvAya hai| jaina paramparAnusAra triyoga sampanna azubha upayoga rUpa pravRtti hI daNDa hai, jisakA tyAga kiyA jAnA vrata kI paridhi meM AtA hai| yaha jaina zrAvaka vratoM kA hI vaiziSTya hai ki daNDa ke vidhAna kA tyAga kiyA jAnA eka vrata kI koTi ke antargata samAhita hai| isIlie AcArya samantabhadra ratnakaraNDazrAvakAra meM munirAja ko adaNDadhara-azubha upayogarUpa mana, vacana, kAya kI pravRtti karane se rahita, kahate haiN| pApodezahiMsAdAnApadhyAnaduH zrutI pNc| prAhuH prmaadcryaanrthdnndddhraa||75||rtnk. arthAt azubha-upayogarUpa daNDa ko dhAraNa nahIM karane vAle (adaNDadharA) gaNadharAdideva 5 hetuoM ko anarthadaNDa kahate haiN| ve haiM- pApodeza, hiMsAdAna, apadhyAna, duHzruti, prmaad| inhIM pAMcoM ke saMdarbha meM AcArya vivecana karate hue isa prakAra kahate haiM - ___pApodeza :- tiryaJcoM ko kaSTa denA, ThaganA, hiMsA kA bar3hAne vAlI kathAoM kA prasaMga upasthita karanA pApodaza hai| hiMsAdAna :- manuSya, tiryaJcoM kI hiMsA ke sAdhana- pharasA, kRpANa, kudArI, bandUka, topa Adi astra-zastra, sAMkala Adi kA denA hiMsA dAna hai| (ratnaka. 76) apadhyAna :- rAga-dveSa se parastrI tathA paraputrAdikoM ke mAraNa, bandhana, chedana Adi ho jAye, aisA cintavana karanA apadhyAna hai| (ratnaka. 77) duHzruti :- Arambha, parigraha, sAhasa, mithyAtva, rAga-dveSa, ahaMkAra, indriya-viSaya-vAsanA se mana ko saMklezita karane vAle zAstroM kA zravaNa duHzruti hai| (ratnaka. 79) pramAda :- niSprayojana pRthvI ko kuredanA, jala ko chIMTanA yA uchAlanA, agni jalAnA-bujhAnA, vAyu yA paMkhA jhalanA tathA vanaspati chedanA Adi ArambhapUrNa kriyAe~ karanA pramAda hai| (ra.ka.80) ratnakaraDaka zrAvakAcAra meM vratoM ke vaiziSTya ko ujAgara karane meM AcArya samantabhadra kI dRSTi aura bhI spaSTa dikhAI detI hai, jaba ve aNuvratoM kA pAlana karane vAloM kI kathAoM ke mAdhyama se dRSTAnta dete haiN| unhoMne ahiMsANuvrata kA pAlana karane vAle yamapAla nAmaka cANDAla kI kathA, satyANuvrata kA pAlana karane vAle dhanadeva kI kathA, acauryANuvrata kA pAlana karane vAle rAjakumAra vAriSeNa kI kathA brahmacaryANuvrata kA pAlana karane vAlI nIlI vaNika putrI kI kathA aura parigraha parimANavrata kA pAlana karane vAle jaya rAjA, jo uttama-pUjAtizaya ko prApta hue, kI kathA dekara aNuvratoM ke vaiziSTya ko uddhRta kiyA hai| isI

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anekAnta 66/3, julAI - sitambara 2013 krama meM atIcAra pUrvaka kramazaH hiMsA Adi pAMca pApoM meM saMlagna dhanazrI kI kathA, satyaghoSa purohita kI kathA, vatsya deza ke eka tapasvI kI kathA, yamadaNDa kotavAla kI kathA tathA zmazrunavanIta vaNika kI kathA ke mAdhyama se bhI zrAvaka vratoM kA vaiziSTya ujAgara huA hai| 52 ratnakaraNDaka zrAvakAcAra meM AcArya samantabhadra ne dvAdazavratoM kA vivecana, usake lakSaNa, phala, atIcAra tathA unake pAlana karane vAloM kI kathAoM ko uddhRta karate hue, kiyA hai | vratoM ke ukta vaiziSTya ke sAtha-sAtha Adhunika sAmAjika dRSTi se bhI inakA mahatvapUrNa sthAna va vaiziSTya ujAgara hotA hai / ataH jainadarzana ke saMdarbha meM zrAvaka ke vratoM kI vyavasthA meM nimnAMkita binduoM ko rekhAMkita kiyA jA sakatA hai| 1. ahiMsA kI vyAvahArikatA 2. zrama kI pratiSThA 3. dRSTi kI sUkSmatA 4. AvazyakatAoM kA svaicchika parisImana 5. sAdhana-zuddhi para bala 6. arjana kA visarjana 1. ahiMsA kI vyAvahArikatA - ahiMsA ke saMdarbha meM AcArya pUjyapAda svAmI ne kahA hai - aprAdurbhAvaH khalu rAgAdInAM bhavatyahiMseti / teSAmevotpattihiseti jinAgamasya saMkSepaH // 44 // / purUSArthasiddhyupAya arthAt jahA~ rAgAdi bhAvoM kA abhAva hogA, vahIM ahiMsA kA prAdurbhAva ho sakatA haimahAvIra ne samatA ke sAdhya ko prApta karane ke lie ahiMsA ko sAdhana rUpa batAyA hai| ahiMsA mAtra nakArAtmaka zabda nahIM hai, balki isake vividha rUpoM meM sarvAdhika mahattva sAmAjika hotA hai|vaibhvsNpnntaa, dAnazIlatA, vyAvasAyika kuzalatA, ImAnadArI, vizvasanIyatA prAmANikatA jaise vibhinna artha pradhAna kSetroM meM ahiMsA kI vyAvahArikatA ko apanAkara zreSThatA kA mApadaNDa siddha kiyA jA sakatA hai | ahiMsA kI mUla bhAvanA yaha hotI hai ki apane svArtho, apanI AvazyakatAoM ko usI sImA taka bar3hAo, jahA~ taka ve kisI prANI ke hitoM ko coTa nahIM pahu~cAtI hoN| ataH ahiMsA vyakti-saMyama bhI hai aura sAmAjika - saMyama bhI / 2. zrama kI pratiSThA - sAdhanA ke kSetra meM zrama kI bhAvanA sAmAjika stara para samAdhRta huI / isIlie mahAvIra ne karmaNA zrama kI vyavasthA ko pratiSThApita karate hue ki vyakti karma se hI brAhmaNa, kSatriya, vaizya aura zUdra banatA hai| unhoMne janmanA jAti ke sthAna para karmaNA jAti ko mAnyatA dekara zrama ke sAmAjika stara ko ujAgara kiyA, jahAM se zrama artha-vyavasthA se jur3A aura kRSi, gopAlana, vANijya Adi kI pratiSThA bddh'ii| jaina mAnyatAnusAra sabhyatA kI prArambhika avasthA meM jaba kalpavRkSAdi sAdhanoM se AvazyakatAoM kI pUrti honA saMbhava na rahA, taba bhagavAn ne asi aura kRSi rUpa jIvikopArjana

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anekAnta 66/3, julAI-sitambara 2013 kI kalA vikasita kI aura samAja kI sthApanA meM prakRti-nirbharatA se zrama-janya-Atma-nirbharatA ke sUtra die| yahI zramajanya AtmanirbharatA jaina paramparA meM Atma-puruSArtha aura Atma-parAkrama ke rUpa meM phalita huI hai| ataH sAdhanA ke kSetra meM zrama evaM puruSArtha kI vizeSa pratiSThA hai| yahI kAraNa hai ki vyakti zrama se paramAtma dazA prApta kara letA hai| upAsakadazAMgasUtra meM bhagavAn mahAvIra aura kumbhakAra saddAlaputra kA jo saMsAra varNita hai, usase spaSTa hotA hai ki gozAlaka kA AjIvaka mata niyativAda hai tathA bhagavAn mahAvIra kA mata zramaniSTha Atma-puruSArtha aura AtmaparAkrama ko hI apanA unnati kA kendra banAtA hai| 3. dRSTi kI sUkSmatA - dharma ke tIna lakSaNa mAne gaye haiM- ahiMsA, saMyama aura tp| ye tInoM duHkha ke sthUla kAraNa para na jAkara duHkha ke sUkSma kAraNa para coTa karate haiN| mere duHkha kA kAraNa koI dUsarA nahIM, svayaM maiM hI huuN| ataH dUsare ko coTa pahuMcAne kI bAta na socU~- yaha ahiMsA hai| mittI me savvabhUesu ise sArvajanika banAnA hogaa| apane ko anuzAsita karU~- yaha saMyama hai| ataH duHkhoM se udvelita hokara avicArapUrvaka hone vAlI pratikriyA na karUM- ise parISahajaya bhI kahate haiM tathA duHkha ke prati hamArI pravRtti samarUpa rhe| apane Apako pratikUla paristhitiyoM kI dAsatA se mukta banAye rakheM aura saba prakAra kI paristhitiyoM meM apanA samabhAva banA rahe, kyoMki samayA dhammamudAhare muNI arthAt anukUlatA meM praphullita na honA aura pratikUlatA meM vicalita na honA samatA hai| aisI sUkSma dRSTi rakhane para sAmAjika pravRtti samatApUrvaka kI jA sakatI hai| 4. AvazyakatAoM kA svaicchika parisImana - ____ Adhunika samAja kI racanA zrama para AdhArita hote hue bhI saMgharSa aura asaMtulana pUrNa ho gayI hai| jIvana meM zrama kI pratiSThA hone para jIvana-nirvAha kI Avazyaka vastuoM kA utpAda aura viniyama prAraMbha huaa| artha-lobha ne pUMjI ko bar3hAvA diyaa| phalataH audyogIkaraNa, yaMtravAda, yAtAyAta, dUrasaMcAra tathA atyAdhunika bhautikavAda ke hAvI ho jAne se utpAdana aura vitaraNa meM asaMtulana paidA ho gyaa| samAja kI racanA meM eka varga aisA bana gayA, jisake pAsa AvazyakatA se adhika pUMjI aura bhautika saMsAdhana jamA ho gaye tathA dUsarA varga aisA banA, jo jIvana-nirvAha kI AvazyakatA ko bhI pUrI karane meM asamartha rhaa| phalasvarUpa zrama ke zoSaNa se bar3he varga-saMgharSa kI mukhya samasyA ne antarrASTrIya samasyA kA rUpa le liyaa| __isa samasyA ke samAdhAna meM samAjavAda, sAmyavAda jaisI kaI vicAradhArAe~ AyIM, kintu sabakI apanI -apanI sImAeM haiN| bhagavAn mahAvIra ne Aja ke lagabhaga 2500 varSa pUrva isa samasyA ke samAdhAna ke kucha sUtra die, jo artha-pradhAna hote hue bhI jaina dharma ke sAdhanA-sUtra kahe jA sakate haiN| mahAvIra ne zrAvakavarga kI AvazyakatAoM evaM upayoga kA ciMtana kara hara kSetra meM maryAdA evaM parisImana pUrvaka AcaraNa karane ke lie bAraha vratoM kA vidhAna kiyA hai| inake pAlane se dainika jIvana meM AvazyakatAoM kA svaicchika parisImana ho jAtA hai| parisImana ke nimna sUtra haiM :

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54 anekAnta 66/3, julAI-sitambara 2013 (ka) icchA parimANa - ___ mahAvIra ke aparigraha kA siddhAnta dekara AvazyakatAoM ko maryAdita kara diyaa| siddhAntAnusAra samatAvAdI samAja racanA meM yaha Avazyaka ho gayA ki AvazyakatA se adhika vastuoM kA saMcaya na kreN| manuSya kI icchAeM AkAza ke samAna ananta haiM aura lAbha ke sAtha hI lobha ke prati Asakti bar3hatI jAtI hai, kyoMki cAMdI-sone ke kailAza parvata bhI vyakti ko prApta jAeM, taba bhI usakI icchA pUrI nahIM ho sktii| ataH icchA kA niyamana Avazyaka hai| isa dRSTi se zrAvakoM ke lie parigraha-parimANa yA icchA parimANa vrata kI vyavasthA kI gayI hai| ataH maryAdA se vyakti anAvazyaka saMgraha aura zoSaNa kI pravRtti se bacatA hai| sAMsArika padArthoM kA parisImana jIvana-nirvAha ko dhyAna meM rakhate hue kiyA gayA hai, ve haiM- 1. kSetra (kheta Adi bhUmi), 2. hiraNya (cA~dI), 3. vAstu (nivAsa yogya sthAna), 4. zayanAsana, 5. dhana (anya mUlyavAna padArtha) (Dhale hue yA ghI, gur3a Adi), 6. dhAnya (gehU~, cAvala, tila Adi), 7. dvipada (do paira vAle), 8. catuSpada (cAra paira vAle), 9. kupya (vastra, pAtra, auSadhi Adi) 10. bhANDa (pItala, tAMbA, kAMsA, lohA, kAMca, plAsTika aadi)| (kha) dikparimANa vrata - ___bhagavAn mahAvIra kA dUsarA sUtra hai-dikprimaannvrt| vibhinna dizAoM meM Ane-jAne ke sambandha meM maryAdA yA nizcaya karanA ki amuka dizA meM itanI dUrI se adhika nahIM jaauuNgaa|12 isa prakAra kI maryAdA se vRttiyoM ke saMkoca ke sAtha-sAtha mana kI caMcalatA samApta hotI hai tathA anAvazyaka lAbha athavA saMgraha ke avasaroM para svaicchika roka lagatI hai| kSetra sImA kA atikramaNa karanA antarrASTrIya kAnUna kI dRSTi meM aparAdha mAnA jAtA hai| ataH isa vrata ke pAlana karane se dUsare ke adhikAra kSetra meM upaniveza basA kara lAbha kamAne kI yA zoSaNa karane kI vRtti se bacAva hotA hai| isa prakAra ke vratoM se hama apanI AvazyakatAoM kA svaicchika parisImana kara samatAvAdI samAja-racanA meM sahayoga kara sakate haiN| (ga) upabhoga-paribhoga parimANa vrata - dikparimANavrata ke dvArA maryAdita kSetra ke bAhara tathA vahAM kI vastuoM se nivRtti ho jAtI hai, kintu maryAdita kSetra ke andara aura vahA~ kI vastuoM ke upabhoga (eka bAra upabhoga), paribhoga (bAra-bAra upabhoga) meM bhI anAvazyaka lAbha aura saMgraha kI vRtti na ho, isake lie isa vrata kA vidhAna hai| jaina Agama meM varNita isa vrata kI maryAdA kA uddezya yahI hai ki vyakti kA jIvana sAdagIpUrNa ho aura vaha svayaM jIvita rahane ke sAtha-sAtha dUsaroM ko bhI jIvita rahane ke avasara aura sAdhana pradAna kara skeN| vyartha ke saMgraha aura lobha se nivRtti ke lie ina vratoM kA vizeSa mahatva hai| (gha) dezAvakAzika vrata - dikparimANa evaM upabhoga-paribhoga parimANa ke sAtha-sAtha dezAvakAzika vrata kA bhI vidhAna zrAvaka ke lie kiyA gayA hai, jisake aMtargata dina-pratidina upabhoga-paribhoga evaM dikparimANa vrata kA aura bhI adhika parisImana karane kA ullekha kiyA gayA hai arthAt eka dina-rAta ke lie

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55 anekAnta 66/3, julAI-sitambara 2013 usa maryAdA ko kabhI ghaTA denA, AvAgamana ke kSetra evaM bhogopabhogya padArthoM kI maryAdA kama kara denA, isa vrata kI vyavasthA meM hai| zrAvaka ke lie dezAvakAzika vrata meM 14 viSayoM kA ciMtana kara pratidina ke niyamoM meM maryAdA kA parisImana kiyA gayA hai| ve caudaha viSaya haiM : sacitta davva viggaI, pannI, tAmbUla vattha kusumesu| vAhaka sayala vilevaNa, bambha disi nAhaNa bhttesu||13 ina niyamoM se vrata viSayaka jo maryAdA rakhI jAtI hai, usakA saMkoca hotA hai aura AvazyakatAeM uttarottara sImita hotI haiN| 5. sAdhana-zuddhi para bala - ___jainadarzana meM sAdhana-zuddhi para vizeSa bala isalie diyA gayA hai ki usase vyakti kA caritra prabhAvita hotA hai| bure sAdhanoM se ekatrita kiyA huA dhana antataH vyakti ko durvyasanoM kI ora le jAtA hai aura usake patana kA kAraNa banatA hai| tapa ke bAraha prakAroM meM anazana, UnodarI, bhikSAcaryA aura rasa parityAga bhojana se hI saMbandhita hai| isIlie khAdya zuddhi-saMyama prakArAntara se sAdhana-zuddhi ke hI rUpa banate haiN| ahiMsA kI vyAvahArikatA kI taraha hI satyANuvrata evaM asteyANuvrata kA sAdhana-zuddhi ke saMdarbha meM mahatva hai| ye vibhinna vrata sAdhana kI pavitratA ke hI preraka aura rakSaka haiN| apanI AvazyakatAoM kI pUrti ke lie arthArjana karane meM vyakti ko sthUla hitoM se bacanA caahie| satyANuvrata meM satya ke rakSaNa aura asatya se bacAva para bala diyA gyaa| vyakti apane svArtha ke lie, kannAlAe (kanyA ke viSaya meM), gavAlIe (gau ke viSaya meM), bhomAlie (bhUmi ke viSaya meM), NAsAvahAre (arthAt dharohara ke viSaya meM jhUTha na boleM), tathA dUDasakkhije (jhUThI sAkSI na deM) inakA upayoga va upabhoga na kreN| artha kI dRSTi se satyANuvrata kA pAlana korTa-kacaharI meM jhUThe dastAvejoM meM bhraSTAcAra evaM rizvatakhorI meM nahIM ho pAtA, kyoMki ina sabhI kSetroM meM artha kI pradhAnatA hone se asatya kA Azraya liyA jAtA hai, jisase samAja ke mUlya dhvasta ho jAte haiN| isIlie satyANuvrata samAja-racanA kA AdhAra bana sakatA hai| asteya vrata kI paripAlanA kA bhI sAdhana-zuddhatA kI dRSTi se vizeSa mahatva hai| mana, vacana aura kAya dvArA dUsaroM ke hakoM ko svayaM haraNa karanA aura dUsaroM se haraNa karavAnA corI hai| Aja corI ke sAdhana sthUla se sUkSma banate jA rahe haiN| khAdya vastuoM meM milAvaTa karanA, jhUThA jamA-kharca batAnA, jamAkhorI dvArA vastuoM kI kImata ghaTA yA bar3hA denA, ye sabhI karma corI ke haiN| ina sabhI sUkSma tarIkoM kI cauryavRtti ke kAraNa hI mudrA-sphIti kA itanA prasAra hai aura vizva kI arthavyavasthA usase prabhAvita ho rahI hai| ataH artha vyavasthA saMtulana ke lie AjIvikA ke jitane bhI sAdhana haiM aura pUMjI ke jitane bhI srota haiM unakA aura pavitra honA Avazyaka hai, tabhI hama samatAvAdI samAja kA nirmANa kara sakate haiN| isI saMdarbha meM bhagavAn mahAvIra ne AjIvikopArjana ke una kAryoM kA niSedha kiyA hai, jinase pApavRtti bar3hatI hai| ve kArya karmAdAna kahe gaye haiN| ataH sAdhana-zuddhi ke abhAva meM ina

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anekAnta 66/3, julAI-sitambara 2013 karmAdAnoM ko loka meM nindya batAyA gayA hai| inako karane se sAmAjika pratiSThA bhI samApta hotI hai| kucha karmAdAna haiM, jaise - 56 1. iMgAlakarma (jaMgala jlaanaa)| 2. rasavANijje (zarAba Adi mAdaka padArthoM kA vyApAra karanA) / 3. visavANijja (aphIma Adi kA vyaapaar)| 4. kesavANijje (sundara kezoM vAlI striyoM kA kry-vikry)| davaggidAvaNiyAkamena (vana jalAnA) 5. asaIjaNaNesANayAkamme (asAmAjika tattvoM kA poSaNa karanA aadi)| 6. 6. arjana kA visarjana arjana kA visarjana nAmaka siddhAnta ko jainadarzana meM svIkArya dAna evaM tyAga tathA saMvibhAga ke sAtha jor3a sakate haiN| mahAvIra ne arjana ke sAtha-sAtha visarjana kI batA khii| arjana kA visarjana tabhI ho sakatA hai, jaba hama apanI AvazyakatAoM ko niyaMtrita evaM maryAdita kara lete haiN| upAsakadazAMga sUtra meM dasa Adarza zrAvakoM kA varNana hai, jisameM Ananda, mandinIpitA aura sAlihIpitA kI saMpatti kA vistRta varNana AtA hai| isase yaha spaSTa hai ki mahAvIra ne kabhI garIbI kA samarthana nahIM kiyaa| unakA prahAra yA ciMtana dhana ke prati rahI huI mUrcchAvRtti para hai| ve vyakti ko niSkriya yA akarmaNya banane ko nahIM kahate, para unakA bala arjita saMpatti ko dUsaroM meM bAMTane para hai| unakA spaSTa udghoSa hai - asaMvibhAgI Na hu tassa mokkho arthAt jo apane prApta ko dUsaroM meM bAMTatA nahIM hai, usakI mukti nahIM hotii| arjana ke visarjana kA yaha bhAva udAra aura saMvedanazIla vyakti hRdaya meM hI jAgRta ho sakatA hai| saMdarbha : 1. samiyA dhamme AriehiM pavedite - AcArAMgasUtra, 5/3/45 - 2. mUlAcAra 7 / 521 3. pravacanasAra 1 / 84 4. mohakkhohavihINo parimANe appaNo hu samo / - pravacanasAra 1/7 5. ratnakaraNDa zrAvakAcAra, 72 uttarAdhyayanasUtra 25/33 7. samaNasutaM - 86 8. dazavaikAlika 1 / 19. uttarAdhyayanasUtra 9/48 10. uttarAdhyayanasUtra 9/48 11. (ka) tattvArthasUtra, 7 - 29 (kha) ratnakaraNDa zrAvakAcAra, 12. ratnakaraNDa zrAvakAcAra, 68 13. sacittavastu, 2.dravya, 3. vigaya, 4. jUte, 5. pAna, 6. vastra, 7. puSpa, 8. vAhana, 9. zayana, 10. vilepana, 11. brahmacarya, 12. dizA, 13. snAna, 14. bhojana / 6. 68 adhyakSa evaM esosiyaTa prophesara, jainavidyA evaM prAkRta vibhAga, mohanalAla sukhar3iyA vizvavidyAlaya, udayapura - 313001 (rAjasthAna)

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anekAnta 66/3, julAI-sitambara 2013 S7 vIra sevA maMdira dvArA prakAzita grantha kra. prastaka graMtha kA nAma lekhaka / TIkAkAra kA nAma prakAzana mUlya upAsanA tattva tathA upAsanA | paM. jugala kizora jI mukhtAra | vIra sevA TrasTa kA DhaMga | 2. | jaina lakSaNAvali bhAga 2 - 3 | paM. bAlacaMda siddhAMta cakravartI | vIra sevA mandira | 1500/- prati seTa | 3. | yugavIra nibaMdhAvalI prathama khaNDa| paM. jugala kizora jI mukhtAra | vIra sevA mandira | 210/ 4. | jaina graMtha prazasita saMgraha bhAga 2] praM paramAnanda zAstrI | vIra sevA mandira | 150/ 5. | merI bhAvanA agraMjI sahita | paM. jugala kizora jI mukhtAra | vIra sevA mandira | 5/| 6. | mahAvIra jina pUjA | paM. jugala kizora jI mukhtAra | vIra sevA mandira | 10/ stuti vidyA paM. jugala kizora jI mukhtAra | vIra sevA mandira | zrIpura pArzvanAtha stotra / paM. jugala kizora jI mukhtAra | vIra sevA mandira 20/samantabhadra vicAra dIpikA paM. jugala kizora jI mukhtAra | vIra sevA mandira 30/ dhyAna zataka tathA dhyAnastava bAlacandra siddhAntazAstrI | vIra sevA mandira / 11. digambaratva kI khoja DaoN. rameza caMda jaina vIra sevA mandira 100/parama digambara gommaTezvara | nIraja jaina, satanA vIra sevA mandira | 75/ 70/ 10. 100/ niSkampa dIpa zikhA maMda zAstrI vIra sevA mandira 120/ 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. hama duHkhI kyoM haiM | paM. jugala kizora jI mukhtAra | vIra sevA mandira | 10/ samayapAhuDa | rUpacanda kaTAriyA / vIra sevA mandira | svAdhyAya vArasANuvekkhA | AcArya kunda kunda (saMkalita) | vIra sevA mandira | svAdhyAya mahAvIra kA sarvodaya tIrtha | paM. jugala kizora jI mukhtAra | vIra sevA mandira | 10/tattvAnuzAsana AcArya rAmasena vIra sevA mandira 100/samIcIna dharmazAstra | paM. jugala kizora jI mukhtAra | vIra sevA mandira | 150/anekAnta traimAsika zodha | DaoN. jayakumAra jaina | vIra sevA mandira | 80/- vArSika patrikA 18. 20. || 21. ____ Acharya Amitgati | Vir sewa Mandir| 50/ Pure Thoughts Basic Tenets of Jainism 22. | Shri Dashrath Jain IVir sewa Mandirl 10/ 23.| Jain Bibliography I & II Chhotelal Jain Vir sewa Mandir 1600/- prati seTa F noTaH kraya kI jAne vAlI pustakoM para 30 pratizata chUTa dene kA prAvadhAna hai| We are banking with BANK OF INDIA, ANSARI ROAD BRANCH, NEW DELHI vide Banka/c603210100007664.

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Anekanta and Interculturality - Samani Dr. Chaitya Prajna When the angel of truth moved to the earth, all the faiths and culture wanted to posses it. Subsequently it was divided into many parts resulting in parts of truth as a possession of each faith or a culture. Thus there remain differences between cultures, but differences have produced such a deep exclusive outlook between the cultures that it leads to clashes between themselves. The doctrine of anekanta can open the doors of inclusive philosophy out through the faultlines of different cultures and make interculturality possible. The Present essay is a honest endevior to discuss the role of anekanta in promotion of interculturality and religious harmony. The essay is divided into three sections; A, B and C. In part-A, I have discussed the problem of relgio-cultural conflict and its causes in terms Huntington, and Part-B explains about what basically interculturality is ? and how it can solve cultural conflict? and the third and the last section C is dedicated to the role that anekanta can play propagate interculturality. PART-A Conflict arises in the presence of 'Other'. There can be of three types of the 'Other'-in- the context of religion and culture. firstly, the other of religion, secondly, the other-in-religoin and lastly, the religious-other. The other-of-religion or culture refers to the science and scientific development, which seems contaray to the religion having basic opposition related to faith.

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Stihl 66/3, Ice-fHFR 2013 The religion is based on faith where as in science faith has no place. This 'Other' of religion in not so dangerous. In fact many a times they work symbiotically as lame and blind. The second other in the context of religion and culture is the other-in-religion. It refers to the highest or the purest form with in the religion say 'God'. The other-in-religion is also not cause of violence as it is the aim of religious aspirant. The biggest problem in the present senerio is the third form of other, i.e., the religious-other. The religious-other refers to feeling of hatred and intolerance between one religion and the other. History is the witness that this religious intolerance has been the cause of unlimited cruelity and bloodsheds. Francis Fukuyama's idea that history came to an end with the victory of liberal capitalism in the cold war may have defined 1990s, the decade when America was unilaterally powerful would sweep all before it. But the theories of Harvard political scientist Sameul Huntingto (who began his career in 1950s and has just died in the age 81) argued that following the cold war, violent conflict would take place not between ideologies or nation-states or groups defined by material interest, but between cultures and civilizations. Every religion teaches to love and no religion teaches to kill and yet thousands of lives were taken in the name of religion over an issue of no rational importance. Below mentioned are some reasons creating and developing communal outlook, religious intolerance and narrow mindedness : (i) Jealousy, (ii) Desire for fame (iii) So called ideol ogical differences, (iv) Difference in perception of behaviour pattern (v) Humiliation or degradation inflicted by some previous sect or person. According to Samuel P. Huntington it is clash of civilization; In his book- The Clash of Civilization and Remarking of World Order, Huntington remarked "In the emerging era, clashes of civilization are the greatest threat to world peace..."3 He spoke of several cultural zones and said that cultures are predominantly

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60 34 66/3, jang-fiatok 2013 religious. There are fault lines before each cultural zone. These Faultlines segregrates one culture from another. One cannot cross from one culture to another. The faultline become a danger point. Historically some day this difference should go and world become one, other wise conflict will arise. Many of the scholars today as Huntington are of the opinion that these traditional culture zones are there, they will be there, they have survived, they will be living unless you create a hatred for others, Huntington's faultlines can be retermed as exclusive outlook that dominates the religious (cultural) other. According to Rhonty-there is a question of cultural identity. They remain segregated from other for this identity. Cultural conflict is not a easy problem. It is gone deep in human society and becoming complex day by day. In such a situation the phenomenon of interculturality holds utmost imprtance. PART-B Interculturality is a multi-faceted phenomenon. In a metalinguistic discussion, it functions as a constuct. In the field of purely formal disciplines, it stands for internationalism of scientific and formal categories. The concept of interculturality in the present context stands for a mental and a moral category. It is not to be identified with culturality of a particular culture, and it is not an eclecticism of manifold of cultures. It is also not to be equated with mere abstraction. We cannot fix the nature of Intercultural philosophy just as per delination, likewise it is also wrong to misread interultural philosophy as just a matter of aesthetization. It must not be confused with cultural romanticism and exoticism in its positive import. Intercultural philosophy is a name of philosophical conviction, an attitude, an insight that asserts the 'no philosophy is' The philosophy', no culture is ' The culture' no truth is 'The truth'. Such an insight accompanies all the philosophies and cultures

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311 66/3, cis-fighter 2013 61 and prevents them from absolutising themselves and promotes inclusive outlook towards others. Thus intercullturality plays an imporant role to combat the current problem of relegio-cultural exclusiveness. The question still remains is how is interculturality possible ? PART-C Application of Anekanta in religious sphere will mean to understand and assimilate all religious view points. Anekant can be utilized beneficially acts as a tool in the field of religious tolerance to create communal harmony which is the real secularism. Different teachers of different religions developed different methods all around the world during different to time. But due to pre-conceived misconceptions and mental buildup towards their teachers and their own egos compelled the followers to believe their "ism" to be only as the last and final and complete truth, which resulted in the unwanted communal enmity between different sects. It would not be impertinent here to mention the Shri Ram Janmabhumi and Babari Masjid conflict. It is horrifying illustration of overriding fanaticism. Today religious leaders are so dogmatic in their views that they are not in a position to give respect to a other's views. They assert that salvation lies in their particular community, onlyo. Jaina theory of non-absolutism on the otherhand provides a room of respect for other philosophies and cultures which differ from it in principles and practices because the theory anekanta holds that truth is multifaceted and the truth claims of other cultures and philosophy though different are equally ture. The Jaina objection to their approach is only when they proclaim their own school, faith or doctrine as the only way to understand reality. But the method of opposition confined to academic debate, argumentative method and that of dialogue.? which is true way of promotion of interculturality.

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anekAnta 66/3, julAI - sitambara 2013 Dialogue is an ancient Indian method of learning and increasing one's treasure of knowledge as it is quite often said "vade vade jayate tattvabodhah'. In fact it was the symbol of scholars. When we follow, for example, the cultural and the religious encounters of the Indian subcontinent in the past, we find different patterns of encounter. When the Aryans came from central Asia to India, they met the old culture of Dravidian people. They suppressed the original Indian culture, but they did not extinguish it. The caste system can be traced back to this encounter. The Hindu culture as such is a mixture of Aryans and Non-Aryan elements. In spite of many difficulties, India has always experimented with multiculturalism guided by the Rig Vedic dictum of one Truth having different names. In fact in the Jain history of twentifive centuries or more than that, we fail to find a single reference for "Jain Crusade" or "Jihad" in spite of many rulers who followed Jainism? Rather we notice help and protecion assured by these rulers for the followers of other religons and cultures. So it can be admitted with clarity and certainty says S.R. Vyasa: that the respectable place offered by Jainism to other religions or school and their truths is most high in comparison to the place given by other religions and schools to Jainism.10 This is possible for Jainism only because of its anekatika outlook. 62 The Goodness of the doctrine of anekanta does not lie in its proclamation of superiority but providing room for others. Changing Ram into Rahman Rahman into Richard and Richard into Rajjinder, Ramatyayan or Remjipongo will be futile in every sense because man is freedon lover and the follower of himself. The advice of anekanta is to understand other's point of view without enmity and degradation11 is not only timely but also useful and purposive for everyone who believes in Jainism or not. But it is needed from all the corners of the world and expected from all those who claim themselves civilized, scientific and masters of future. It is this inclusive nature philosophy that can make mutual understanding possible.

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311 66/3, cis-fighter 2013 63 Today's global intercultural context has made possible free discussion among religion and culture. It attempts to overcome contingency, asymmetry of placing one culture to a monolithic position for the sake of equality and hoping to contribute to a common global discourse and conversation of humankind that extends beyond the narrow limits of the east-west dichotomy. Thus cultures and philosophies may be viewed reciprocally as no culture is the perfect fulture for the whole of humankind. In Sutrakrtanga, it is said" those who praise their own faiths and ideologies and blame those of their opponents and thus distort the truth with remain confined to the cycle of birth and death. 12 All cultures cannot be brought under the one framework by making oe as a paradigm. Doing so would be case of absolutism. Jain Philosphy of anekanta emphatically say that truth is multidimensional and it can be correctly known by having a non-absolutistic view point. Thus anekantvada theory approves pluralism, diversity and difference as values. All these differences have their own relative importance. In this era of cultural crisis, this thoery becomes more relevant becuase cultures want to be free from the bond of universalism. The most recent address by the spiritual leader Dalai Lama is, "We are seeking political freedom to preserve our culture and environment and are oppsoed to cultural genocide". 13 For the preservation of each and every culture anekanta must be applied be developing an inclusive outlook towards the other religion or cultures. Thus it is concluded that The problem of "other" whether it is religious, cultural or national is most dangerous on the face of humanity today. Until an inclusive outlook and intercuturality not develoed, the global harmony is impossible. The Jain theory of anekanta through ages has been exhibiting an inclusive outlook as proves the Jain History and literature. In the present it holds its utmost imporance in the promotion of interculturatiy as it asserts that difference does not necessarily mean distnace and unity does not necessarily mean uniformty. It works with the eternal

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64 Batch 66/3, ICT-faka 2013 law of unity with differences. Anekanta is the practical application of the law of interculturality that states " we meet to differ and differ to meet". Reference : i. Swagato Ganguli, Bad will Huntington : Times of India, Dec.30, 2008 P.10 ii. SaubhaLgyamal Sagarmal Jain, Anekanta Ki JAvan Dnn, i, P.25 iii. Samuel P. Huntington Clash of Civilization and Remarking of World Order, Viking, 1997, P.321 iv. Samuel P. Huntington Clash of Civilization and Remarking of World Order, Penguine, 1996, p.206-7 v. Ram M. Pal, The Intercultural Philosophy. vi. Mamemkam saranam vraja vii. S. R. Vyas, The spritsof Indian and western Philosophy, Ed by R. Murali, Sandeep Prakashan, New Delhi, 2006, P.35 viii. Regveda, I. 164.46 ix. M. Mehata, Jain History and culture, p.252 X. S. R. Vyas, The spirit of Indian and western Philosophy p.35 xi. Acaranga Sutra p.139 xii. Sutrakritanga, 1/1, 2/23. xiii. Times of India, New Delhi, Nov.25th Dec. 2006, p.6. - Asstt Professor, Jain Vishva Bharati University, Ladnun (Raj) Ladnun (Raj)

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jainadarzana : mana kA svarUpa - pavana kumAra jaina jahA~ bhI jJAna mImAMsA kI carcA hotI hai, vahA~ mana kI bhI carcA hotI hai, kyoMki indriya aura mana ke sahayoga se hI jJeya ko jAnakara hama jJAna karate haiM / ataH sabhI darzanoM ne kisI na kisI rUpa meM mana ke astitva ko svIkAra kiyA hai tathA usakA svarUpa nirUpita kiyA hai| mana kA astitva : nyAya sUtrakAra kA mantavya hai ki eka sAtha aneka jJAna utpanna nahIM hote| isa anumAna se ve mana kI sattA svIkAra karate haiN| vAtsyAyana ke anusAra smRti Adi jJAna bAhya indriyoM se utpanna nahIM hotA hai aura vibhinna indriya tathA usake viSayoM ke rahate hue bhI eka sAtha sAtha sabakA jJAna nahIM hotA, isase mana kA astitva apane Apa siddha ho jAtA hai| annambhaTTa ke matAnusAra sukha Adi kI pratyakSa upalabdhi kA sAdhana mana ko mAnA gayA hai| jainadarzana ke anusAra saMzaya, pratibhA, svapna, jJAna, vitarka, sukha, duHkha, kSamA, icchA Adi mana ke aneka liMga haiN| uparyukta pramANoM se yaha siddha hotA hai ki parokSa jJAna kA indriyoM ke alAvA anya dUsarA sAdhana bhI honA cAhie jisase ki jJAna hotA hai aura vaha dUsarA sAdhana mana hI hai| mana kA svarUpa : manana karanA mana hai arthAt jisake dvArA manana kiyA jAtA hai vaha mana hai| manoyogya manovargaNA se gRhIta ananta pudgaloM se nirmita mana dravya mana hai / dravya mana ke sahAre jo cintana kiyA jAtA hai, vaha bhAvamana (AtmA) hai|' dhavalA ke anusAra jo bhI bhalI prakAra se (IhA, avAya, dhAraNA, smRti, pratyabhijJAna, tarka, anumAna, Agama Adi pUrvaka) jAnatA hai, use saMjJA yA mana kahate haiN| dravyasaMgraha kI TIkAnusAra - mana aneka prakAra ke saMkalpa vikalpoM kA jAla hai| jisameM smRti, kalpanA aura ciMtana ho vaha mana hai / jaise jo atIta kI smRti, bhaviSya kI kalpanA aura vartamAna kA ciMtana karatA hai, vaha mana hai / ataH jisameM traikAlika jJAna kI kSamatA ho, vaha mana hai| jaba smRti, kalpanA aura ciMtana nahIM hote haiM taba mana nahIM hotA hai| jaba mana hotA hai taba tInoM Avazyaka ho jAte haiN| "manute'rthAn manyante'rthAH aneneti vA manaH "" arthAt jo padArthoM kA manana karatA hai yA jisake dvArA padArthoM kA manana kiyA jAtA hai, vaha mana kahalAtA hai| jaise artha ke bhASaNa ke binA bhASA kI pravRtti nahIM hotI, usI prakAra artha ke manana ke binA mana kI pravRtti nahIM hotii|

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66 anekAnta 66/3, julAI-sitambara 2013 digambara grantha dhavalA ke anusAra mana svataH nokarma hai| pudgala vipAkI aMgopAMga nAma karma ke udaya kI apekSA rakhane vAlA dravya mana hai tathA vIryAntarAya aura no-indriya karma kSayopazama se jo vizuddhi utpanna hotI hai, vaha bhAva mana hai| aparyApta avasthA meM dravya mana meM yogya dravya kI utpatti se pUrva usakA sattva mAnane se virodha AtA hai, isalie aparyApta avasthA meM bhAva mana ke astitva kA nirUpaNa nahIM kiyA gayA hai| "maNijjamANe maNe" manana karate samaya hI mana hotA hai arthAt manana se pahale aura manana ke bAda mana nahIM hotaa| jaise ki bolane se pahale aura bolane ke bAda bhASA nahIM hotI hai, lekina jaba taka bolate haiM tabhI bhASA hotI hai| vaise hI mana ke lie bhI samajhanA caahie| jisase vicAra kiyA jA sake vaha Atmika zakti mana hai aura isa zakti se vicAra karane meM sahAyaka hone vAle eka prakAra ke sUkSma paramANu bhI mana kahalAte haiN| pahale ko bhAva mana aura dUsare ko dravya mana kahate haiN| jainadarzana ke anusAra mana svataMtra padArtha yA guNa nahIM hai| vaha bhAva mana ke rUpa meM hI AtmA kA eka viziSTa guNa hai| mana ke prakAra : jainadarzana ke anusAra mana cetana dravya aura acetana dravya ke guNa ke anusAra se utpanna hotA hai| ataH jainadarzanAnusAra mana do prakAra kA hotA hai - 1. cetana (bhAva mana) aura 2. paudgalika (dravya mn)| bhAva mana jIvamaya hai aura arUpI hai tathA dravya mana pudgalamaya hai aura rUpI hai| vizeSAvazyaka bhASya meM batAyA hai ki dravyamana manovargaNA ke pudgaloM se banA huA hai| yaha mana kA bhautika pakSa hai| sAdhAraNa rUpa se isameM zarIrastha sabhI jJAnAtmaka evaM saMvedanAtmaka aMga A jAte haiN| manovargaNA ke paramANuoM se nirmita usa bhautika racanA taMtra meM pravAhita hone vAlI caitanyadhArA bhAvamana hai| dUsare zabdoM meM AtmA se milI huI cintana-manana rUpa caitanya zakti hI bhAva mana hai| jIva meM jJAnavaraNIya karma ke tathAvidha kSayopazama se jo manana karane kI labdhi hotI hai tathA manana rUpa upayoga calatA hai, ye donoM bhAvamana' kahalAte haiM tathA usa manana kriyA meM jo sahAyaka hai tathA jisakA nirmANa manaH paryApti ke dvArA manovargaNA ke pudgala grahaNa kara ke huA hai, vaha 'dravya mana' hai| yaha mana AtmA se bhinna hai aura ajIva hai kintu vaha jIva ke hI hotA hai, ajIva ke nhiiN| yaha bAta bhagavatI sUtra ke zataka 13 udadezaka 7 se spaSTa hai|11 terahaveM guNasthAna meM mana, vacana Adi yogoM kA nirodha kara kevalI caudahaveM guNasthAna meM jAte haiN| ataH ve 'ayogI' kahe jAte haiN| ayogI hokara hI AtmA mokSa jAtI hai, ataH mokSa meM siddha bhagavAn ke mana nahIM hotA hai| ___ malayagiri ke anusAra - manaHparyAptinAmakarma ke udaya se mana ke prAyogya vargaNAoM ko grahaNa kara jo manarUpa meM pariNata hone vAlA dravya hai, vaha dravyamana hai| dravyamana ke sahAre jIva ko jo mana pariNAma hai, vaha bhAva mana hai|12

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anekAnta 66/3, julAI-sitambara 2013 dravyamana ke binA bhAvamana nahIM hotaa| kintu bhAva mana ke binA dravyamana ho sakatA hai| jaise bhavastha kevalI ke dravyamana hotA hai, bhAvamana nhiiN|12 dravya mana kI apekSA bhAva mana kI adhika zakti aura sattA hai| bhAva mana kI sajagatA kA hI supariNAma hai ki jIva bhogI se rogI aura yogI bhI banatA hai| saMyogI, viyogI, niryogI ye saba bhAva mana kI dena hai| bhAva mana se nara, nArAyaNa, AtmA paramAtmA banatA hai| isalie bhAva mana meM jisa prakAra manana hotA hai - vicAra- dhArAeM calatI haiM, usI ke anusAra dravya mana bhI parivartita hotA rahatA hai| yadi bhAva prazasta hotA hai, to dravya mana bhI prazasta varNa Adi vAlA hotA hai| yadi bhAva mana aprazasta hotA hai, to dravya mana bhI aprazasta varNa Adi vAlA hotA hai, kyoMki manuSya ke cAroM ora eka AbhAmaNDala hotA hai| AbhAmaNDala ke astitva ko vijJAna bhI svIkAra karatA hai| AbhAmaNDala vyakti kI cetanA ke sAtha-sAtha rahane vAlA pudgaloM aura paramANuoM kA saMsthAna hai| cetanA vyakti ke taijasa zarIra ko sakriya banAtI hai| jaba taijasa zarIra sakriya hotA hai taba vaha kiraNoM kA vikiraNa karatA hai| yaha vikiraNa hI vyakti ke zarIra para vartulAkAra gherA banA letA hai| yaha gherA hI AbhAmaMDala hai| AbhAmaMDala vyakti ke bhAva maMDala (cetanA) ke anurUpa hI hotA hai| bhAvamaMDala jitanA zuddha hotA hai, AbhAmaMDala bhI utanA hI zuddha hogaa| bhAva maMDala malina hotA to AbhAmaMDala bhI malina hogaa| vyakti apanI bhAvAdhArA ke anusAra AbhAmaMDala ko badala sakatA hai| ataH isase siddha hotA hai ki bhAva mana se hI dravya mana parivartita hotA hai| dUsarI apekSA se paudgalika mana bhAvAtmaka mana kA AdhAra hotA hai| jaise vastu kI saMkhyA evaM guNavattA ke AdhAra para bAjAra bhAva hotA hai, vaise dravya mana ke AdhAra para bhAva mana bhI vicAroM kI nyUnAdhikatA, utthAna-patana, saMkoca-vistAra se yukta hotA hai| arthAt dravya mana ke binA bhAvAtmaka mana apanA kArya nahIM kara sktaa| usameM akele meM jJAna zakti nahIM hotI hai, kyoMki bhAva mana vicArAtmaka hotA hai| mana mAtra hI jIva nahIM hai, parantu mana jIva bhI hai, jIva kA guNa hai, jIva se sarvathA bhinna nahIM hai, arthAt ise Atmika mana kahate haiN| labdhi aura upayoga usake do bheda haiN| prathama mAnasa jJAna kA vikAsa hai aura dUsarA usakA vyApAra hai| donoM ke yoga se mAnasika kriyAeM hotI haiN| prazna hotA hai ki yadi koI vizeSa kArya bhAva mana se hotA hai to dravya mana kI kyA AvazyakatA hai? isake uttara meM kahanA hogA ki jisa prakAra eka vRddha vyakti hai usake pairoM meM calane kI zakti hote hue bhI vaha binA lakar3I ke sahAre ke cala nahIM pAtA hai, vaise hI bhAvamana hote hue bhI dravya mana ke binA spaSTa vicAra nahIM kiyA jA sakatA hai| isalie bhAva mana jitanA hI dravya mana kA bhI mahattva hai| ____ manaHparyAyajJAna mAtra rUpI dravya ko hI jAnane vAlA hai, ataH manaHparyAyajJAnI manaHparyAyajJAna ke dvArA mAtra dravya mana ko jAnate haiM, kintu arUpI bhAva mana ko nahIM jAna skte| ___manaHparyAyajJAnI, dravya mana ke varNAdi paryAyoM ko jAnakara anumAna se yaha nizcaya karate haiM ki 'amuka saMjJI jIva ke amuka vicAra hone hI cAhie, kyoMki dravya mana kI aisI varNAdi paryAyeM tabhI ho sakatI haiM, jabaki amuka prakAra kA bhAva mana ho, anyathA nahIM ho sktii| jaise

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anekAnta 66/3, julAI-sitambara 2013 mana ko jAnane vAle mAnasa-zAstrI, mana ko sAkSAt nahIM dekhte| ve mana ke anurUpa mukha para Ane vAlI bhAva bhaMgimAoM ko sAkSAt dekhakara anumAna se yaha nizcaya karate haiM ki - 'isake amuka vicAra hone cAhie', kyoMki mukha para aisI bhAva bhaMgimAeM tabhI utpanna ho sakatI haiM jabaki isake mana meM amuka prakAra kA bhAva ho|4 usI prakAra dravyamana kI bhaMgimAoM se bhAvamana ko jAnA jAtA hai| mana ke anya prakAra : ___vibhinna prakAra ke mana ke bheda batAye gaye haiM- mana kA sambandha upayoga se hai| cetanA aura vedanA se hai| isa dRSTi se mana ke tIna bheda haiM- 1. azubha mana, 2. zubha mana aura 3. zuddha mn| niyamana kI dRSTi se mana ke do bheda haiM - 1. niyantrita mana aura 2. aniyaMtrita mn| bhAvanA ke utthAna-patana kI dRSTi se mana ke do bheda haiM - 1. AzAvAdI mana aura 2. nirAzAvAdI mn| AcArya hemacandra ne yogazAstra meM mana ke cAra bheda kiye haiM - 1. vikSipta mana 2. yAtAyAta mana 3. zliSTa mana 4.sulIna mn|5 sthAnAMga sUtra meM bhI mana ke tIna prakAra evaM mana kI avasthAoM kA nirUpaNa huA hai| mana ke tIna prakAra - 1. tanmana, 2. tadanyamana aura 3. no-amana tathA mana kI tIna avasthAeM - 1. sumanaskatA, 2. durmanaskatA aura 3. no-manaskatA aura no-durmnsktaa|6 mana kA sthAna : hama vicAroM se mana ko jisa rUpa meM parivartita karanA cAheM, parivartita kara sakate haiN| kyoMki usake asaMkhyAta paryAya hote haiN| hamAre vicAroM ke anusAra mana kA AkAra hotA hai| mana kahA~ para sthita hai - isa sambandha meM vividha mAnyatAe~ prApta hotI haiM - vaizeSika, naiyAyika, aura mImAMsaka mana ko paramANu rUpa meM svIkAra karate haiN| isalie mana nitya evaM kAraNa rahita hai| sAMkhyadarzana, yogadarzana aura vedAntadarzana vAle mana ko aNurUpa meM svIkAra karate haiM aura usakI utpatti prAkRtika ahaMkAra tatva se yA avidyA se honA mAnate haiN| bauddha jaina dRSTi se mana na to vyApaka hai aura na paramANu rUpa hI hai, kintu madhyama parimANavAlA hai| vaizeSika darzana ne jo mana ko aNu rUpa mAnA hai usakA khaNDana karate hue akalaMka kahate haiM ki mana ko aNu rUpa mAnane para cakSu ke jisa aMza se mana kA saMyoga ho usI se rUpa jJAna dRSTigocara honA cAhie, lekina sampUrNa cakSu se rUpa kA jJAna hotA hai| isalie mana aNu rUpa nahIM ho sakatA hai|20 bauddha mana ko hRdayapradezavartI mAnate haiN| yaha digambara paramparA ke nikaTa hai| sAMkhya paramparA zvetAmbara paramparA ke nikaTa hai kyoMki sAMkhya paramparA ke anusAra mana kA sthAna kevala hRdaya nahIM hai, kyoMki mana sUkSma-liMga zarIra meM jo aSTadarzI tatvoM kA viziSTa nikAyarUpa hai, praviSTa hai aura sUkSma zarIra kA sthAna saMpUrNa sthUla zarIra hai, isalie mana saMpUrNa zarIra meM vyApta hai|21 jainadarzana ke anusAra bhAva mana kA sthAna AtmA hai, kintu dravya mana ke sambandha meM eka hI mata nahIM hai| digambara paramparA dravya mana ko hRdaya meM mAnatI hai,22 to zvetAmbara paramparA meM

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anekAnta 66/3, julAI-sitambara 2013 aisA koI varNana nahIM milatA hai| zvetAmbara paramparA ke pakSa meM paM. sukhalAlajI kA mata hai ki dravya mana kA sthAna sampUrNa zarIra hai| tattvArthasUtra ke hindI vivecana meM unhoMne aisA hI ullekha kiyA hai, yathA____ "prazna- kyA mana bhI netra Adi kI taraha zarIra ke kisI viziSTa sthAna meM rahatA hai yA sarvatra rahatA hai? uttara- vaha zarIra ke bhItara sarvatra rahatA hai, kisI viziSTa sthAna meM nahIM, kyoMki zarIra ke bhinna-bhinna sthAnoM meM sthita indriyoM ke dvArA grahaNa kiye gaye sabhI viSayoM meM mana kI gati hai, jo use dehavyApI mAne binA sambhava nhiiN| isIlie kahA jAtA hai ki yatra pavanastatra manaH"24 yogazAstra meM AcArya hemacandra bhI mana kA sthAna sampUrNa zarIra mAnate haiM, usake anusAra jahA~ jahA~ prANavAyu (maruta) hai vahA~-vahA~ mana hai| donoM paraspara kAraNa-kArya haiN|5 bhAva mana kA sthAna AtmA hI hai, kyoMki Atmapradeza sampUrNa zarIra meM vyApta hai| ataH bhAva mana sampUrNa zarIra meM vyApta hai|26 digambara AcArya pUjyapAda ne mana ko anavasthita kahA hai kyoMki mana AtmA kA liMga hote hue bhI pratiniyata deza meM sthita padArtha ko viSaya nahIM karatA aura kAlAntara meM bhI sthita nahIM rahatA hai| isa mata kA samarthana akalaMka ne bhI kiyA hai| akalaMka ke anusAra jahA~-jahA~ upayoga hotA hai vahA~-vahA~ aMgula ke asaMkhyAta bhAga pramANa Atma pradeza mana rUpa se pariNata ho jAte haiN| bhAva mana rUpa meM pariNata AtmA jaba guNa-doSa vicAra, cintana, smaraNAdi kAryoM ko karane ke lie pravRtta hotA hai to vaha ina kAryoM ko dravya mana ke sahayoga se pUrNa karatA hai| isa kAryoM ke upasthita hone para hI dravya mana kA nirmANa hotA hai aura kArya pUrNa hone para dravya mana naSTa ho jAtA hai| cintanAdi kArya karate samaya pudgala paramANuoM se nirmita aneka manovargaNAe~ mana rUpa se pariNata hotI haiM tathA usa kArya ko saMpanna hone para ve vargaNAeM mana rUpa avasthA kA tyAga kara detI haiN|28 viSaya-grahaNa kI dRSTi se indriyA~ ekadezI haiM, ataH ve niyata dezAzrayI kahalAtI haiN| kintu jJAna-zakti kI dRSTi se indriyA~ sarvAtmavyApI haiN| indriya aura mana kSAyopazamika-AvaraNa janya vikAsa ke kAraNa se hai| AvaraNa vilaya sarvAtma- dezoM kA hotA hai| mana vizeSa-grahaNa kI dRSTi se bhI zarIra-vyApI hai| jaina darzana meM sukha-duHkhAdi ke pratyakSa ke lie mana ko ekAnta rUpa se kAraNa svIkAra nahIM kiyA gayA hai| akalaMka ke anusAra 'vastutaH garama lohapiNDa kI taraha AtmA kA hI indriya rUpa se pariNamana huA hai, ataH cetana rUpa hone se indriyA~ svayaM sukha-duHkha kA vedana karatI haiN| yadi mana ke binA bhAvendriyoM se sukha-duHkhAnubhava na ho to ekendriya, vikalendriya tathA asaMjJI paMcendriya jIvoM ko sukha-duHkha kA anubhava nahIM honA caahie| guNadoSa vicArAdi mana ke svataMtra kArya haiN| manolabdhi vAle AtmA ko jo pudgala mana rUpa se pariNata hue haiM ve andhakAra timirAdi bAhyendriyoM ke upaghAtaka kAraNoM ke rahate hue bhI guNa doSa vicAra aura smaraNa Adi vyApAra meM sahAyaka hotI hI haiM, isalie mana kA svataMtra astitva hai|"30

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70 anekAnta 66/3, julAI-sitambara 2013 mana kA adhikArI kauna? ____ vyakta cetanatva kI apekSA se saMjJI paMcendriya prANI hI mana ke adhikArI hote haiM, saMjJIzruta kI apekSA se dUsare prANI bhI mana ke adhikArI haiN| saMjJI zruta ke varNana meM tIna prakAra kI saMjJAeM batAI haiM,31 jo nimna prakAra se haiM :___ (a) dIrghakAlikI saMjJA :- jisase jIvoM meM IhA, apoha, mArgaNA, gaveSaNA, cintA aura vimarza karane kI yogyatA ho vaha dIrghakAlikI saMjJA kahalAtI hai| aise jIva ke zruta ko saMjJI zruta kahate haiN| jina jIvoM meM yaha yogyatA nahIM unheM asaMjJI kahate haiM tathA unake zruta ko asaMjJI zruta kahate haiN| athavA jisa saMjJA meM bhUta, bhaviSya aura vartamAna tInoM kAloM kA jJAna ho arthAt maiM yaha kArya kara cukA hU~, yaha kArya kara rahA hU~ aura yaha kArya karU~gA, isa prakAra kA cintana dIrghakAlikI saMjJA hai| yaha saMjJA deva, nArakI, garbhaja, tiryacoM, garbhaja manuSyoM meM hotI hai tathA jina jIvoM meM yaha saMjJA nahIM pAyI jAtI una jIvoM kA zruta dIrghakAlikI saMjJA kI apekSA asaMjJI zruta hai| ___(ba) hetuvAdopadezikI saMjJA :- jisameM prAyaH vartamAna kAlika jJAna ho use hetuvAdopadezikI saMjJA kahate haiM arthAt apane zarIra kI rakSA ke lie iSTa vastuoM ko grahaNa karane tathA aniSTa vastuoM kA tyAga karane rUpa jo upayoga vartamAnakAlika jJAna hotA hai, use hetuvAdopadezikI saMjJA kahate haiN| yaha saMjJA dvIndriya Adi asaMjJI jIvoM meM hotI hai tathA jina jIvoM meM yaha saMjJA nahIM pAyI jAtI, una jIvoM kA zruta, hetuvAdopadezikI saMjJA kI apekSA asaMjJI zruta hai| ___ (sa) dRSTivAdopadezikI saMjJA :- sudeva, suguru aura sudharma tathA kudeva, kuguru aura kudharma kyA hai? isakA samyag yathArtha jJAna, jIva-ajIva, puNya-pApa, Asrava-saMvara-nirjarA, baMdha, mokSa, ina nava tattvoM kA samyag yathArthajJAna aura ruci rUpa jo samyagdarzana hai, vaha dRSTivAda kI apekSA (samyaktva kI apekSA) saMjJA hai| jina jIvoM meM yaha dRSTivAda saMjJA pAyI jAtI hai, una jIvoM kA samyag zruta, dRSTivAda saMjJA kI apekSA (samyagdarzana kI apekSA) saMjJIzruta hai tathA jina jIvoM meM yaha dRSTivAda saMjJA nahIM pAyI jAtI, una jIvoM kA mithyAzruta, dRSTivAda saMjJA kI apekSA (mithyAdarzana, mizradarzana kI apekSA) asaMjJIzruta hai| eka apekSA se yaha saMjJA mAtra caudaha pUrvI sAdhakoM ko hotI hai| ukta vyAkhyAoM se saMjJI jIva tIna prakAra ke ho gae haiM, kintu yahA~ para mana kA jo adhikArI hai, vaha dIrghakAlikI saMjJA kI apekSA se batAyA gayA hai| yaha bAda vizeSAvazyakabhASya se bhI siddha hotI hai| jisake dvArA atIta kI smRti aura bhaviSya kI cintA (kalpanA) kI jAtI hai, vaha kAlikI athavA dIrghakAlikI saMjJA hai| yahI mana hai| manolabdhi sampanna jIva manovargaNA ke ananta skandhoM ko grahaNa kara manana karatA hai, vaha dIrghakAlikI saMjJA hai| yaha saMjJA manojJAnAvaraNa karma ke kSayopazama se niSpanna hotI hai|22 ataH uparyukta varNana ke AdhAra para kaha sakate haiM ki jisa jIva meM dIrghakAlikI saMjJA kA vikAsa hotA hai, vaha saMjJI (samanaska) aura jisameM isakA vikAsa nahIM hotA, vaha asaMjJI (amanaska) hai|3

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anekAnta 66/3, julAI-sitambara 2013 arthopalabdhi meM mana kA mahattva : jisa prakAra cakSuSmAn vyakti ko dIpaka ke prakAza meM sphuTa artha kI upalabdhi hotI hai, vaise hI manojJAnAvaraNa karma ke kSayopazama se yukta jIva kI cintApravartaka manodravya ke prakAza meM artha kI upalabdhi spaSTa hotI hai| zabda Adi artha meM chaha prakAra (pAMca indriya aura eka mana) kA upayoga hotA hai| avizuddha cakSuSmAn ko maMda, maMdatara prakAza meM rUpa kI upalabdhi aspaSTa hotI hai, vaise hI asaMjJI saMmUrchina paMcendriya ko artha kI upalabdhi aspaSTa hotI hai, kyoMki kSayopazama kI maMdatA ke kAraNa usameM manodravya ko grahaNa karane kI zakti bhI bahuta alpa hotI hai| mUrcchita vyakti kA zabda Adi arthoM kA jJAna avyakta hotA hai, vaise hI prakRSTa jJAnAvaraNa ke udaya ke kAraNa ekendriya jIvoM kA jJAna avyakta hotA hai| inakI apekSA dvIndriya Adi jIvoM kA jJAna zuddhatara, zuddhatama hotA hai| mAnasika prakAza ke abhAva meM artha kI upalabdhi maMda, maMdatara hotI calI jAtI hai| isako vizeSAvazyakabhASya meM udAharaNa se samajhAte haiM ki cakravartI ke cakraratna meM jo chedana karane kI zakti hotI hai, vaha sAmAnya talavAra Adi meM nahIM hotI hai| donoM meM chedaka kA guNa hote hue bhI zakti meM hInatA hai, usI prakAra sAmAnya rUpa se jIvoM meM caitanyaguNa samAna hone para bhI samanaska jIvoM meM avagraha Adi sambandhI vastubodha kI jo paTutA hotI hai, vaisI paTutA ekendriya Adi amanaska jIvoM meM nahIM hotI hai|4 mana kA upayoga: mana eka sAtha aneka artho ko grahaNa kara sakatA hai, kintu eka sAtha do kriyAeM yA do upayoga nahIM ho skte|kyoNki upayoga yugapat nahIM hote| sAmAnya kI apekSA se eka sAtha aneka arthoM kA grahaNa hotA hai| vizeSa kI apekSA eka samaya meM eka hI artha kA grahaNa hotA hai| kyA mana aura mastiSka eka haiM? ___ mana aura mastiSka meM gaharA sambandha hai| indriyoM ke dvArA viSaya kA grahaNa hotA hai, mastiSka unakA saMvedana karatA hai tathA mana usa para paryAlocana arthAt heyatA-upAdeyatA ke cintana kA kArya karatA hai| mastiSka mana kI pravRtti kA mukhya sAdhana aMga hai, isIlie usake vikRta ho jAne se mana bhI vikRta ho jAtA hai| phira bhI mana aura mastiSka svataMtra haiN|36 mana indriya yA anindriya? jaina darzana meM mana ko anindriya yA noindriya kahA hai, jisakA artha indriya kA abhAva na hokara ISat indriya hai| zrotrendriyAdi pAMca indriyoM kI taraha mana bhI jJAna kA sAdhana hai, phira bhI rUpAdi viSayoM meM pravRtta hone ke lie usako netra Adi kA sahArA lenA par3atA hai| yaha mana kI parataMtratA hai| indriyA~ niyata deza meM sthita padArtha ko viSaya karatI haiM tathA kAlAntara meM sthita rahatI haiM, lekina mana AtmA kA liMga hote hue bhI pratiniyata deza meM sthita padArtha ko viSaya nahIM karatA tathA kAlAntara meM sthita nahIM rahatA hai, isIlie ise anindriya kahate haiN| mana ko anindriya kahane kA kAraNa yaha bhI hai ki mana indriya kI taraha pratiniyata artha ko nahIM

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anekAnta 66/3, julAI-sitambara 2013 jAnatA hai| dhavalATIkA ke anusAra indra arthAt AtmA ke liMga ko indriya kahate haiN| jisa prakAra zeSa dravyendriyoM kA bAhaya indriyoM se grahaNa hotA hai, vaisA mana kA nahIM hotaa| ataH mana anindriya hai|8 anindriya kA artha indriya sadRza hai| ___ mana ko antaHkaraNa bhI kahA jAtA hai| kyoMki mana jJAna kA sAdhana hote hue bhI zrotrendriyAdi kI taraha bAhya sAdhana nahIM hai, vaha Antarika sAdhana hai evaM isakA kArya guNa-doSa vicAra smaraNa Adi haiM jinheM vaha indriyoM kI sahAyatA ke binA sampanna karatA hai| isalie mana ko antaHkaraNa bhI kahA jAtA hai| sarvArthasiddhi ke anusAra anindriya, mana aura antaHkaraNa ye ekArthavAcI haiN| mana aura indriyoM kI sApekSatA : jainadarzana ke anusAra indriya aura mana parokSa jJAna ke sAdhana haiN| mana sabhI indriyoM meM eka sAtha pravRtti nahIM kara sakatA hai arthAt upayogavAn nahIM ho sakatA hai| bhAvamana upayogamaya hai vaha jisa samaya jisa indriya ke sAtha manoyoga kara jisa vastu kA upayoga karatA hai vaha taba tad upayogamaya ho jAtA hai| indriyoM ke vyApAra kI sArthakatA isI meM hai ki usake bAda mana bhI apanA kArya kre| indriyoM ke abhAva meM mana bhI paMgu ho jAtA hai| vaha usI viSaya para cintana kara sakatA hai, jo kabhI na kabhI indriyoM se gRhIta huA ho| indriyA~ sirpha mUrta-dravya kI vartamAna paryAya ko hI jAnatI haiN| mana mUrta aura amUrta donoM ke traikAlika aneka rUpoM ko jAnatA hai, isalie mana ko sarvArthagrAhI kahA gayA hai| indriyA~ kevala mUrttadravya kI vartamAna paryAya ko jAnatI haiM, mana mUrta aura amUrta traikAlika aneka rUpoM ko jAnatA hai, kyoMki mana kA viSaya pratiniyata nahIM hai, vaha dUra-nikaTa sarvatra pravRtta hotA rahatA hai| kevala pudgala hI mana kA viSaya nahIM hai| kevalajJAna kI taraha mUrta-amUrta saba padArtha mana ke viSaya banate haiN| 1 / mana kA vastu ke sAtha sIdhA sambandha nahIM hotA hai isalie mana aprApyakArI hai| yadi mana ko prApyakArI mAnA jAye to agni kA cintana karane para hameM jalana kA anubhava aura caMdana kA ciMtana karane para zItalatA kA anubhava honA cAhie, lekina aisA nahIM hotA hai| isalie mana aprApyakArI hai|42 mana ke kArya : smRti, cintana aura kalpanA karanA mana kA kArya hai| vaha indriya jJAna kA pravartaka hai arthAt mana indriya ke dvArA grahaNa kI gaI vastu ke sambandha meM bhI cintana-manana karatA hai aura usase Age bhI vaha vicAra karatA hai| naMdIsUtra meM mana ke kArya IhA, apoha, mArgaNA, gaveSaNA, cintA, vimarza batAye gaye haiN| jaba mana indriya dvArA jJAta, rUpa, rasa Adi kA vizeSa rUpa se nirIkSaNa Adi karatA hai taba vaha indriya kI apekSA rakhatA hai| anyatra sthAnoM meM mana ko indriya kI AvazyakatA nahIM hotI hai| indriya jJAna kI sImA padArtha taka sImita hai aura mana indriya

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anekAnta 66/3, julAI-sitambara 2013 aura padArtha donoM ko jAnatA hai| indriyA~ kevala mUrtadravya kI vartamAna paryAya ko aura vaha bhI aMza rUpa meM jAnatI haiM, jabaki mana mUrta aura amUrta (rUpI-arUpI) padArthoM ke traikAlika aneka rUpoM ko jAnatA hai, mana kA kArya vicAra karanA hai| jisameM indriyoM ke dvArA grahaNa kiye gaye aura grahaNa nahIM kiye gaye sabhI viSaya Ate haiN| upasaMhAra : ___madhya-bindu hai, jise kendra banAkara una jIvoM kA samagra jIvana-cakra usake irda-girda ghUmatA hai| mAnava-jIvana kA bhI vAstavika Akalana evaM mUlyAMkana mana ke dvArA hI hotA hai| manuSya-jIvana kA yaha kendrIya tattya hai| jaisA mana hotA hai vaisA hI manuSya bana jAtA hai arthAt "jaisA mana, vaisA jiivn|" mana azAMta to jIvana azAMta, mana zAMta to jIvana shaaNt| mana duHkhI to jIvana duHkhI, mana sukhI to jIvana sukhii| mana bhogI to jIvana bhogI, mana yogI to jIvana yogii| mana rAgI to jIvana rAgI, mana vItarAgI to jIvana viitraagii| upaniSad meM bhI kahA hai ki 'mana eva manuSyANAM kAraNaM bandhamokSayoH" isa prakAra sampUrNa utthAna aura patana kA kAraNa mana hI hotA hai| ***** saMdarbha sUcI: 1. nyAyasUtra, 1.1.16 2. vAtsyAyana bhASya, 1.1.16 3. sukhAdyupalabdhisAdhanamindriyaM mnH| - tarkasaMgraha 4. sanmati prakaraNa TIkA, kANDa 2 5. vizeSAvazyakabhASya, ahamadAbAda, bhAI samaratha jaina zvetAmbara mU. zAstroddhAra TrasTa, vI.saM. 2489, gAthA 3525 6. SaTkhaNDAgama (dhavalA TIkA) amarAvatI san 1936 pustaka 1, sUtra 1.1.4, pR. 152 7. bRhat dravyasaMgraha (sAtavaM saMskaraNa), AgAsa, san 1999, prathama adhikAra, gAthA 12 kI TIkA, pR. 24 8. zrI yazovijayagaNi "jainatarkabhASA" ahamadanagara, san 1992, pR. 11 9. dhavalATIkA, bhAga 1, sUtra 1.1.35, pR. 259-260 10. paM. sukhalAla saMghavI, tattvArthasUtra (hindI vivecana), vArANasI pArzvanAtha vidyApITha, san 2007 (SaT saMskaraNa) pR.54 11. yuvAcArya madhukaramuni, bhagavatI sUtra bhAga 3, za. u. 7, sUtra 10-11, pR. 329 12. malayagiri naMdIvRtti, zrImatI AgamodayasamitiH san 1982, pR. 174 13. malayagiri, naMdIvRtti, pR. 174 14. pArasamuni, naMdIsUtra, byAvara, pR.74

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74 anekAnta 66/3, julAI-sitambara 2013 15. AcArya hemacandra, yogazAstra, bhAga-3, jaina sAhitya vikAsa maNDala, mumbaI-56, (san 1986), prakAza 12, gAthA 2, pR.1185 16. yuvAcArya madhukaramuni, sthAnAMgasUtra, sthAna 3 sUtra 357, 188 17. vaizeSikasUtra 7.1.123 18. nyAyasUtra 3.2.61 19. mAThara kArikA 27 20. akalaMka, (saMpAdana paM.gajAdharalAla jaina), tattvArtharAjavArtika, sanAtana jaina graMthamAlA, 5. 19.24 pR. 219-220 21. paM. sukhalAla saMghavI, darzana aura ciMtana, bhAga-1, ahamadAbAda, san 1957, pR. 140 22. gommaTasAra, jIvakAMDa bhAga 2 (tRtIya saMskaraNa), naI dillI, bhAratIya jJAnapITha, san 2000, gAthA 443 23. darzana aura cintana, bhAga 1, pR. 140 24. tattvArthasUtra (hindI vivecana), pR.60 25. yogazAstra, prakA~ 5, gAthA 2 pR.971 26. darzana aura ciMtana, bhAga 1, pR.140 27. pUjyapAda, sarvArthasiddhi (gyArahavAM saMskaraNa), naI dillI, bhAratIya jJAnapITha, san 2002, a. 1, sU. 14, pR.78 28. tattvArtharAjavArtika, 5.19.30, pR. 220 29. yuvAcArya madhukaramuni, bhagavatI sUtra bhoga 1, za.1, u.3, pR.65 30. tattvArtharAjavArtika, 5.19.30, pRThThaTha 220 31. (a) AcArya tulasI naMdIsUtra (dvitIya saMskaraNa), lADanUM jaina vizva bhAratI, san 2011, sUtra 62,63,64 (ba) vizeSAvazyakabhASya gAthA 504 se 509 aura (sa) paM.sukhalAla saMghavI, karmagraMtha bhAga 1, baDauta (u.pra.) zrI vardhamAna sthA. jaina dhArmika zikSA samiti, gAthA 6 kA vivecana, pR. 16-17 32. vizeSAvazyakabhASya gAthA 508-509 33. zrI bhikSu gama zabda koza bhAga, prathama saMskaraNa, lADanUM jaina vizva bhAratI, san 1996, pR. 509 34. vizeSAvazyakabhASya gAthA 510-514 35. vizeSAvazyakabhASya gAthA 2442, 2445 36. siddhasena divAkara, paM.sukhalAla saMghavI, sanmatitarka prakaraNa, kANDa 2 37. sarvArthasiddhi, 1.14., pR. 78

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anekAnta 66/3, julAI-sitambara 2013 75 38. dhavalATIkA, bhAga-1, sUtra 1.14, pR. 78 39. sarvArthasiddhi 1.14, pR.27 40. AcArya hemacandra pramANa mImAMsA, san 1989, a. 1 sU. 24 pR. 19 41. vizeSAvazyakabhASya gAthA 340 42. abhidhAnarAjendrakoThA, bhAga-6, ahamadAbAda, zrI abhidhAna rAjendra koSa prakAzana saMsthA, san 1986, pR. 76-83 43. AcArya tulasI,naMdIsUtra sUtra 62, pR.112 - zrI sudharma vidyApITha, esa.bI.bI.je. baiMka ke pAsa cAMdIhaoNla, jodhapura (rAjasthAna)

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bhagavAna ariSTanemi kA jIvana darzana : eka aitihAsika adhyayana __ - DaoN. samaNI saMgItaprajJA tIrthaGkara RSabhadeva kI paramparA meM bAIsaveM tIrthakara ariSTanemi hue, jo bar3e prabhAvazAlI mahApuruSa the| aneka janmoM ko pAra karane ke bAda ve yamunA taTa para avasthita zauryapura ke rAjA samudra vijaya aura rAnI zivAdevI ke putra rUpa meM jnme| yAdavavaMzI samudravijaya ke anuja kA nAma thA vasudeva, jinakI do rAniyAM thIM, rohiNI aura devkii| rohiNI ke putra kA nAma balarAma yA balabhadra thA aura devakI ke putra the shriikRssnn| ____ mahApuruSa zrIkRSNa aura ariSTanemi kI aneka bAla lIlAeM prasiddha haiM, unake bIca zakti pradarzana bhI aneka bAra huA hai, jinameM ariSTanemi sadaiva jItate rahe haiN| yaha zAyada unake brahmacarya kA pratApa rahA hai| ariSTanemi ke vivAha kA Ayojana bhojavaMzI ugrasena kI putrI rAjImatI ke sAtha huA, para vivAha ke lie vadhya pazuoM ko dekhakara unake mana meM vairAgya utpanna ho gayA aura ve jinadIkSA lekara tapasyA karane nikala pdd'e| rAjImatI ne bhI bAda meM dIkSA le lii| ariSTanemi ne kaThora tapasyA karate hue kevalajJAna prApta kiyA aura phira ve siddha ho gye| unakI yaha bhaviSyavANI akSarazaH siddha huI ki yAdavoM kI udaNDatA ke kAraNa dvaiyApana muni ke krodha se dvArikA nagarI bArahaveM varSa meM jala jaaegii| tIrthakara RSabhadeva ke bAda jainadharma aura paramparA ke vikAsa kA sUtrapAta huaa| uttaravartI tIrthakaroM kA kAla AyA aura lagabhaga neminAtha taka aisA kAla rahA jisake viSaya meM itihAsa abhI taka mauna hai| para sAhityika aura paurANika paramparA unakA vistRta paricaya anusyUta kiye hue hai| unake saMdarbha meM kisI ko koI matabheda nahIM hai| ataH purAtattva kI bhale hI sImA rahI ho para itihAsa paramparA ko bilakula jhuThalA nahIM skaa| antima do tIrthakaroM kI aitihAsikatA meM to aba koI saMdeha hI nahIM hai| ina bAIsaveM tIrthakara neminAtha ke kAphI ullekha prAcIna granthoM meM milate haiN| aMguttara nikAya ke dhammika sutta unheM "aranemi' nAma diyA hai, dIghanikAya ke isIgilI sutta unheM "dRDhanemi" kahakara smaraNa karatA hai, to Rgveda aura yajurveda nemi aura ariSTanemi kahakara pukArate haiN| upaniSad sAhitya meM ullikhita aMgirasa RSi neminAtha kA pratinidhitva karate dikhAI dete haiN|

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anekAnta 66/3, julAI-sitambara 2013 ariSTanemi ke saMdarbha meM katipaya vaidika aura paurANika sAhitya se ullekha prastuta kara denA upayogI hogA 1. ariSTanemi paridyAmiyAnaM - Rgveda, 1.25. 180.10 2. ariSTanemi abhi naH sa trasva - vahI, 8.8.97.8 3. ariSTanemi aura tArkSya para pUrA sUtra dekheM - R. 10vAM maNDala, sU. 178 4. ariSTanemi vRddhazravAH - sanyAsopaniSada / 1.6 5. dakSaprajApatiputra ariSTanemi - viSNupurANa, 15.136 6. svastinastAkSyau ariSTanemi - mANDUkyopaniSada isI taraha ke ariSTanemi se saMbaddha aura bhI ullekha dekhie - ariSTaneminanaM vIro - liMgapurANa, 68.36, candravaMzaja ariSTanemiH (15.136), dRDhanemi - vahI, (4.1949), ariSTanemi harivaMzapurANa, 20.147-149; mArkaNDeya purANa- 2.1; aadi| ariSTanemi apane samaya ke mahAn prabhAvaka aura yugapravartaka mahApuruSa the| yaha tathya isI se pramANita hai ki vaidika sAhitya meM jagaha-jagaha maMgala bhAvanA se prerita ho vaidika RSiyoM ne unakA guNagAna kiyA hai...... ___ (a) om bhadraM karNebhiH zruNuyAma devAH, bhadraM pazyemAkSibhiryajatrAH sthirai raMgaistuSTuvAMstanubhiH, vyazema devahitaM ydaayu|| svasti naH indro vRddhshrvaaH| svati naH pUSA vishvvedaaH| svastinastAryo arissttnemiH| svasti no vRhaspati rddhaatu|oN zantiH zAntiH zAntiH ....... prazna upaniSad (1) tvayUSu vAjinaM devajUtaM sahAvAtaM tarutAraM rthaanaam| ariSTanemi pRtanAjamAzuMsvastaye tArkSya mihA huvem||1||1 arthAt balavAna devoM se pUjanIya, prANiyoM ko pAra utArane vAle (arthAt tIrthakara), senAoM ke vijetA (karmarUpI zatrusenAoM ke vijetA jina), tArkSya putra (sUrya putra) ariSTanemi ko hama Atma-kalyANa ke lie AhvAna karate haiN| taM va rathaM vayamadhA huvena stomairazvinA sucitAya nvym| ariSTanemi dyAmiyAni vidyA meSaM vRjanaM jiisdaanum||2 arthAt jisameM bar3e-bar3e ghor3e jute haiM aise ratha meM baiThe hue sUrya ke samAna AkAza meM calane vAle vidyA rUpI ratha meM baiThe hue ariSTanemi kA hama AhvAna karate haiN| svati na indo vRddhazravAH svasti naH pUSAH vishvvedaaH| svasti nastAyo 'riSTanemiH svasti no vRhaspati rddhaatu||3 arthAt Ayu ke antima bhAga vRddhAvasthA meM vAmana ne tapa kiyA, usI tapa ke prabhAva se use ziva ke darzana hue - vaha ziva (kalyANa pradAtA) padmAsana meM sthita, zyAmamUrti, neminAtha mahAna bhayaMkara kalikAla meM sampUrNa pApoM ko naSTa karane vAle aura darzana evaM sparzana se hI

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78 anekAnta 66/3, julAI-sitambara 2013 karor3oM yajJoM se utpanna phala ko dene vAle the isalie vAmana ne unakA nAma ziva-kalyANadAtA rakha diyaa| raivatAdau jino nemiH yugaadivimlaacle| RSINAmAzramAdeva muktimArgasya kaarnnm|| arthAt jina bhagavAna neminAtha ne yuga ke Adi se (?) pavitra raivataka parvata para tapasyA kI ataeva RSiyoM kA Azraya hone ke kAraNa hI vaha (raivataka parvata) mukti kA kAraNa bana gyaa| skandhapurANa meM ziva ziSya ke vAmana ne tapasvI kA nAma neminAtha rakhA jo sarvapApapraNAzaka hai- prabhAsa purANa meM bhI ariSTanemi kI stuti kI gaI hai bhavasya pazcime bhAge vAmanena tapaH kRtm| tenaiva tapasAkRThThaTaH zivaH pratyakSatAM gtH|| padmAsanaH samAsInaH zyAmamUrtiH digmbrH| neminAthaH zivo'thaivaM nAma cke'syvaamnH|| kalikAle mahAghore srvpaapprnnaashkH| darzanAt sparzanAdeva kottiyjnyphlprdH||4 kailAze vimale ramye vRSabho'yaM jineshvrH| cakAra svAvatAraM ca sarvajJaH sarvagaH shivH| raivatAdau jino nemiyugAdi vimlaacle| RSINAM yA zramAdeva muktimArgasya kaarnnm|| mahAbhArata anuzAsana parva, adhyAya 149 meM viSNusahastranAma meM do sthAnoM para 'zUraH zaurirjinezvaraH' pada vyavahRta huA hai| jaise - azokastAraNastArAH zUraH shaurirjineshvrH| anukUlaH zatAvartaH padmI pdmnibhekssnnH||50|| kAlanemimahAvIraH zauriH shuurjneshvrH| trilokAtmA trilokezaH kezavaH kezihA hriH||92 ina zlokoM meM 'zUraH zaurirjanezvaraH' zabdoM ke sthAna meM 'zUraH zaurirjinezvaraH' pATha mAnakara ariSTanemi artha kiyA gayA hai| ___ yahA~ yaha smaraNa rakhanA cAhie ki zrIkRSNa ke lie 'zauri' zabda kA prayoga huA hai| vartamAna meM AgarA jile ke baTezvara ke sannikaTa zaurikapura nAmaka sthAna hai| vahI prAcIna yuga meM yAdavo kI rAjadhAnI thii| jarAsaMdha ke bhaya se yAdava vahA~ se bhAgakara dvArikA meM jA bse| zauripura meM hI bhagavAn ariSTanemi kA janma huA thA, etadartha unheM "zauri" bhI kahA gayA hai|

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79 anekAnta 66/3, julAI-sitambara 2013 yahA~ isa prakAra kA purAtattva bhI milA hai| yahA~ nemi ko 'jina' saMjJA dI gayI hai aura unake tapasyA-nirvANa sthAna ko mukti kA kAraNa kahA gayA hai| isake atirikta katipaya purAtAttvika pramANa bhI tIrthakara neminAtha kI aitihAsikatA siddha karate haiN| udAharaNataH bevIlona samrATa nevucanda nejara dAna patra bhI isa sambandha meM ullekhanIya hai| yaha dAnapatra ;psasanejataMjamaka mamAsala va ipdakapaMddha ke 14 apraila 1933 ke pRSTha 31 para DaoN. prANanAtha - pro. hindU vizvavidyAlaya banArasa kA artha sahita prakAzita huA thaa| unake adhyayana ke anusAra isa dAnapatra kA artha nimna prakAra hai - ___ rIvApuri (jUnAgar3ha) meM rAjya devatA-sUsA kA pradhAna devatA nebucanda nejara AyA', usane yadurAja ke sthAna meM maTha (mandira) banavAyA, hamAre Izvara (adhipati) nAgendra ne Ane vAlI nAvoM kI Aya ko dAna ke rUpa meM (bheMTa meM) diyA raivataka (parvata) ke om (bhagavAna) sUryadevatA nemi ke liye| isa dAnapatra meM bhalI bhA~ti siddha hai ki na kevala bhAratIya janatA balki dUra pazcimI eziyAI dezoM ke loga bhI bhagavAn neminAtha ke upAsaka the| tIrthaGkara mahAvIra ke bhaktoM meM anAryabhUmi ke rAjakumAra Ardra kA ullekha AtA hai| yaha Ardradeza kauna honA cAhie yaha vicAraNIya hai| mesopoTemiyA kA uttarabhAga eriyA ke nAma se jAnA jAtA hai jo asura kA vikRta rUpa hai| madhyabhAga kI rAjadhAnI bebIlona (I.pU. 2123 se 2021) thI aura samudra taTavartI dakSiNa bhAga kI prAcIna rAjadhAnI aidya baMdaragAha thii| bAda meM tInoM bhAgoM kI rAjadhAnI bebIlona ko banA diyA gyaa| yahAM airya nagara hI Ardra nagara honA caahie| I.pU. 5000 varSa se yaha bandaragAha kA bhArata ke sAtha sIdhA jala mArga kA sambandha thaa| Aja yaha baMdaragAha bhara gyaa| isake akhaNDara batarA (irAka) ke pAsa ura se 18 kimI. meM phaile hue haiN| nebUcandra nejara yahIM kA adhipati thaa| bhagavAn ariSTanemi kA nAma ahiMsA kI akhaNDa jyoti jagAne ke kAraNa itanA atyadhika lokapriya huA ki mahAtmA buddha ke nAmoM kI sUcI meM eka nAma ariSTanemi kA bhI hai| laMkAvatAra ke tRtIya parivartana meM buddha ke aneka nAma diye haiN| vahA~ likhA hai - jisa prakAra eka hI vastu ke aneka nAma prayukta hote haiM usI prakAra buddha ke asaMkhya nAma haiN| koI unheM tathAgata kahate haiM to koI unheM svayaMbhU, nAyaka, vinAyaka, pariNAyaka, buddha, RSi, vRSabha, brAhmaNa, viSNu, Izvara, pradhAna, kapila, bhUtAnRta, bhAskara, ariSTanemi, rAma, vyAsa, zuka, indra, bali, varUNa Adi nAmoM se pukArate haiN| nandIsUtra meM RSibhASita (isibhAsiyaM) kA ullekha hai| unameM paiMtAlIsa pratyeka buddhoM ke dvArA nirUpita paiMtAlIsa adhyayana haiN| unameM bIsa pratyeka buddha bhagavAn ariSTanemi ke samaya hue| unake nAma isa prakAra hai - 1. nArada, 2. vajjiputra, 3. asitadavika, 4. bhAradvAjaAMgirasa, 5. puSpasAla putra, 6. valkalacori, 7. kurmaputra, 8. ketalIputra, 9. mahAkazyapa, 10. tetalIputra,

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anekAnta 66/3, julAI-sitambara 2013 11. maMkhalIputra, 12. yAjJavalkya, 13. maitreyabhayAlI, 14. bAhuka, 15. madhurAyaNa, 16. soriyAyaNa, 17. bindu, 18. varSapakRSNa, 19. AriyAyaNa, 20. utklvaadii| patteya buddhamisiNo, vIsaM titthe arihnnemiss| pAsassa ya padhaNNarasa, vIrassa viliinnmohss||8 NArada-vajjiya-putte asite aMgarisi-pupphasAle y| vakkalakummA kevali kAsava taha tetalisute y|| maMkhalI jaNNabhayAli vAhuya mahu soriyANa vidvipR| varisakaNhe Ariya ukkalavAsAdI ya tarUNo y||9 ye sabhI ullekha yaha kahane ke liya paryApta hai ki tIrthakara neminAtha eka prabhAvazAlI aitihAsika vyaktitva ke dhanI the jinhoMne ahiMsA kA pracAra kara samAja ko eka naI AdhyAtmika jyoti dii| usI jyoti se pArzvanAtha aura mahAvIra ne bhI kisI na kisI rUpa meM prakAza paayaa| ___bauddha sAhitya meM bhI unakA punIta smaraNa huA hai| aMguttaranikAya' meM aranemi ke lie chaha tIrthakaroM meM eka nAma diyA gyaa| 'majjhimanikAya' meM unheM RSigirI para rahane vAle caubIsa pratyeka buddha meM anyatama mAnA gayA hai (isigilisutt)| dIghanikAya' meM dRr3hanemi' nAmaka cakravartI kA ullekha AyA hai| isI nAma kA eka yakSa bhI thA (dIrghanakAya, bhAga 3, pR. 201) / Rgveda (7.32.20) meM nemi kA aura yajurveda (25.28) meM ariSTanemi kA ullekha AtA hai| neminAtha kA prabhAva bhArata ke bAhara bhI rahA hai| yaha tathya eka tAmrapatra se pragaTa hotA hai| karnala TADa ne apanI pustaka rAjasthAna meM likhA hai ki mujhe aisA pratIta hotA hai ki prAcInakAla meM buddha yA cAra medhAvI mahApuruSa hue haiN| inameM pahale AdinAtha yA RSabhadeva the, dUsare neminAtha the| neminAtha hI skeNDaviyA nivAsiyoM ke prathama 'oDina' tathA cIniyoM ke prathama 'pho' nAmaka devatA the| DaoN. prANanAtha vidyAlaMkAra ne isake atirikta 19 mArca 1935 ke sAptAhika TAimsa oNpha iNDiyA meM kAThiyAvADa se prApta eka prAcIna tAmrazAsana prakAzana kiyA thaa| usake anusAra ukta dAnapatra para jo lekha aMkita thA usake bhAva yaha hai ki 'sumera jAti meM utpanna bAbula ke khildiyAna samrATa nebucidanajjara ne jo revatAcala (girinAra) ke svAmI neminAtha kI bhakti kI tathA unakI sevA meM dAna arpita kiyaa| dAnapatra para ukta pazcimI eziyAI nareza kI mudrA bhI aMkita hai| aura usakA kAla IsA pUrva 1140 ke lagabhaga anumAna kiyA jAtA hai| mahAbhArata meM ariSTanemi ke lie nemijinezvara aura 'tArkSya' zabda kA bhI prayoga huA hai| mahAbhArata se hI neminAtha sambandhI nimnalikhita ullekha uddhRta kiye jA sakate haiN| azokastAraNastAraH zaraH zaurirjinezvaraH, 149-50; kAlanemi mahAvIra H zUraH zaurirjinezvara H 149-82; zAntiparva, 288. 4,288.5-6) / tArkSya ne sagara ko upadeza diyA ki mokSa sukha hI sarvottama sukha hai| hama jAnate haiM ki vaidika vizeSataH Rgveda darzana meM mokSa ko sAdhya nahIM mAnA gayA hai, parantu tArkSya ariSTanemi

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81 anekAnta 66/3, julAI-sitambara 2013 ke upadeza meM mokSa sAdhya mAnA gayA hai, ataH isa upadeza kA sambandha jainadharma ke bAIsave tIrthakara ariSTanemi se hI honA caahie| unakA vyaktitva itanA prabhAvaka thA ki 'laMkAvatAra' meM buddha ko bhI ariSTanemi kahakara ullikhita kiyA gayA hai| isakA mUla kAraNa unakI ahiMsAtmaka sAdhanA hai| itihAsa kI dRSTi se ve yaduvaMzI kRSNa ke cacere bhAI the| ina uddharaNoM se ariSTanemi kA vyaktitva aitihAsika mAnA jAne lagA hai|3| bAisaveM tIrthakara ariSTanemi : paramparAgata itihAsa - ___bhagavAn ariSTanemi usa yuga ke tIrthakara haiM jisa samaya zrIkRSNa vAsudeva isa bhArata bhUmi meM vidyamAna the| ariSTanemi kA apara nAma 'neminAtha' bhI hai| arhat ariSTanemi 300 varSa paryanta kumAra-vAsa meM rhe| 54 rAtri divasa chadmastha avasthA meM rhe| 700 varSa se kucha kama ve arhat avasthA meM rhe| isa prakAra 1000 varSoM kA AyuSya pUrNa hone para ve parinirvANa ko prApta hue| jIvana ke antima samaya meM bhagavAn ariSTanemi ne ujjayaMta giri para 536 sAdhuoM ke sAtha anazana kara liyaa| bhagavAn ne 20 dinoM ke anazana meM ASAr3ha zuklA aSTamI kI madhya rAtri citrA nakSatra ke yoga meM zeSa cAra aghAtI karmo kA nAza kara nirvANa-pada prApta kara liyaa| ve siddha, buddha aura mukta ho ge| devoM evaM manuSyoM ne unakA niharaNa samAroha kiyaa| jaina paramparA ke anusAra unake nirvANa ke 84980 varSa pazcAt kalpasUtra kI racanA huii|14 arhat ariSTanemi ke yuga meM tAtkAlika aneka narezoM evaM rAjakumAroM ne bhagavAn ke pAsa pravrajyA grahaNa kii| unameM kucha ullekhanIya vyakti haiM - niSadhakumAra : ye rAjA baladeva ke putra the| inakI mAtA kA nAma revatI thaa| baladeva zrIkRSNa ke sautele agraja the| ve vasudeva kI dUsarI rAnI rohiNI ke putra the| jaina paraMparA meM vAsudeva ke bar3e bhAI baladeva yA rAma kahalAte haiN| inakI gaNanA tirasaTha zalAkA, puruSoM meM kI jAtI hai| (24 tIrthakara, 12 cakravartI, 9 vAsudeva, 9 baladeva, 9 prativAsudeva - isa prakAra 63 vyakti pratyeka kAla-cakrArdha meM bharatakSetra aura airAvat kSetra paidA hote haiN|) nirayAvaliyA : ke paMcama varga vaNhidasAo (bArahaveM upAMga) meM niSadha dvArA bhagavAn ariSTanemi ke dvArA cAritra-grahaNa tathA anta meM anazana ke ArAdhana dvArA sarvArthasiddha nAmaka sarvotkRSTa anuttara vimAna meM deva-rUpa utpatti aura agale bhava meM mokSa prApta karane kA varNana diyA gayA hai| pAMca pAMDava aura draupadI : itihAsa-prasiddha mahAbhArata ke yoddhA pAMcoM pANDavoM evaM draupadI kA vistRta AkhyAna nAyAdhammakahAo, (jJAtAdharmakathAMga sUtra) ke 16veM adhyayana meM upalabdha hai| aitihAsika dRSTi se yaha bahuta mahatvapUrNa hai| anta meM pAMca pANDavoM sthaviroM ke pAsa pravrajyA-grahaNa karate haiN| pAMca pAMDava caturdazapUrvo kA adhyayana karate haiM tathA aneka varSoM taka nAnAvidha tapasyA karate haiN| draupadI AryA suvratA ke pAsa dIkSita hokara gyAraha aMgoM kA adhyayana karatI hai tathA aneka varSoM taka nAnAvidha tapasyA karatI haiN|

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82 anekAnta 66/3, julAI-sitambara 2013 jaba bAIsaveM tIrthakara ariSTanemi apane aMtima samaya meM surASTra (saurASTra) janapada meM viharaNa kara rahe the, taba pAMcoM pANDava muniyoM ne bhagavAn ke darzana karane surASTra-janapada kI ora vihAra kiyaa| mArga meM hastakalpa nagara meM unheM yaha saMvAda prApta huA ki ariSTenami bhagavAn ujjayaMta parvata para eka mAsa kA anazana pUrNakara nirvANa ko prApta ho gae haiM, taba ve bhI zatrujaya parvata para ArohaNa kara anazana svIkAra kara lete haiN| do mAsa kA anazana pUrNakara anta meM kevalajJAna upArjana kara nirvANa prApta karate haiN| draupadI AryA bhI bahuta varSoM taka zrAmaNya- paryAya kI ArAdhanA kara, anta meM eka mAsa kA anazana kA kAladharma ko prApta hone para pA~caveM davaloka meM deva ke rUpa meM utpanna hotI hai| vahA~ se usakA jIva AyuSya pUrNa kara mahAvideha kSetra meM utpanna hokara nirvANa prApta kregaa| rAjImati : bhojarAja ugrasena kI putrI rAjImati jisake sAtha ariSTanemi kA pANigrahaNa hone vAlA thaa| ariSTanemi ke dvArA chor3a diye jAne para jo duHkhI thI use ariSTanemi ke eka anuja thaa| rathanemi jo rAjImati ke prati Asakta hokara usase milatA hai aura vivAha kA prastAva rakhatA hai| para rAjImati svayaM viSayabhogoM se virakta ho cukI thii| usane rathanemi ko bhI samajhA diyaa| thAvaccAputra : dvArikA kI prasiddha zrAvikA thAvaccA kA putra apanI mA~ ke nAma se prasiddha huaa| mAtA ke dvArA saMsAra ke svarUpa kI jAnakArI prApta kara thAvaccAputra utsukatA se ariSTanemi ke Agamana kI pratIkSA karane lgaa| kucha samaya bAda unakA Agamana huaa| vaha apanI mAM ke sAtha bhagavAn ke samavasaraNa meM gyaa| unakA pravacana sunaa| pratibuddha huA aura mA~ kI AjJA lekara bhagavAn ke pAsa dIkSita ho gyaa| unhoMne 32 patniyoM ko tyAga kara hajAra puruSoM ke sAtha pravrajyA lii| unakI pravrajyA raivataka parvata ke nandanavana meM huii| usa samaya ariSTanemi isa vana ke surapriya yakSa ke yakSAtayana meM virajate rahe the| thAvaccAputra ke sAtha pravrajita sahasra puruSoM ko, unheM hI ziSya ke rUpa meM sauMpa diyA thaa| gautama Adi dasa andhaka-vRSNi-dhAriNI ke putra : antagar3adasAoM prathama varga meM batAyA gayA hai ki dvAravatI ke rAjA andhaka-vRSNi kI dhAriNI rAnI se utpanna gautama, samudra, sAgara, gaMbhIra, stimita, acala, kAMpilya, akSobha, prasena aura viSNu- ina dasa rAjakumAroM ne bhagavAn ariSTanemi ke pAsa pravrajyA grahaNa kara, gyAraha aMgo kA adhyayana kara, bAraha bhikSu-pratimAoM (vizeSa tapaHsAdhanA) ko pUrNa kara, guNaratna tapa kara aMta meM zatrujaya parvata para eka mAsa kI saMlekhanA kara, bAraha varSa cAritra-paryAya kA pAlana kara siddha hue| akSobha Adi ATha andhaka vRSNi dhAriNI ke putra : inakA bhI varNana aMtagaDadasAo, dvitIya varga meM hai, jo pUrvavat haiM kevala itanA antara hai ki inakIdIkSA paryAya solaha varSa batAI gii| ina ATha meM kucha nAma to ve hI haiM, jo aMtagaDadasAoM, prathamavarga meM batAe gae haiM, kucha nAma bhinna haiN|

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83 anekAnta 66/3, julAI-sitambara 2013 rAniyoM kI pravrajyA : zrIkRSNa kI rAniyAM padmAvatI, gaurI, gAndhArI, lakSaNA, susImA, jambUvatI, satyabhAmA, rUkmiNI, mUlazrI aura mUladattA ne bhagavAn ariSTanemi dvArA sAdhvIpramukhA AryA yakSiNI ke mAdhyama se muMDita hokara pravrajita huI tathA anta meM nirvANa prApta kiyaa| (5/1-43) arhat ariSTanemi : aitihAsika pramANoM ke pariprekSya meM : bhagavAn ariSTanemi ke jIvana-vRtta ko hamane jaina sAhitya ke AdhAra para dekhaa| uttarAdhyayana jJAtAdharma-kathA Adi ke pramANa apane Apa meM utane hI mahatvapUrNa aitihAsika sAkSya hai, jitane anya vAD.maya ke| jaina AgamoM ke ina vivaraNoM kI aitihAsikatA ke saMdeha se pare hone para bhI hama vaidika evaM bauddha sAhitya ke AdhAra para tathA purAtattvIya ullekhoM ke AdhAra para bhI bAIsaveM tIrthakara zrI ariSTanemi, unake aura zrIkRSNa vAsudeva ke sambandha Adike viSaya meM kucha aura Thosa sAkSyoM kI carcA karane jA rahe haiN| vaidika kAla ke aMtima bhAga meM hI pazubali ke virodha meM eka lahara cala par3I thii| magadhanareza vasu vidyoparicara ke samaya meM parvata-nArada usI prazna ko lekara huA thaa| isa ghaTanA ke viSaya meM jaina evaM brAhmaNa donoM anuzrutiyA~ ekamata haiN| apane bandhu tIrthakara ariSTanemi ke vicAroM se prabhAvita kRSNa vAsudeva aura usake bhAI balarAma bhaktipradhAna ahiMsAdharma kI isa lahara ke anayAyI evaM sabala poSaka the| mahAbhArata ke uparAnta kAla meM kucha vaidika brAhmaNoM ko chor3akara zeSa bahubhAga samAja isI lahara kA anuyAyI hotA calA gyaa| usake netA pramukhataH kSatriya loga the| vedoM kA astitva pAMca hajAra varSa prAcIna mAnA jAtA hai| upalabdha sAhitya zrIkRSNa ke yuga kA uttaravartI hai| isa sAhityika upalabdhi dvArA kRSNa-yuga taka kA eka rekhAcitra khIMcA jA sakatA hai| usase pUrva kI sthiti sudUra atIta meM calI jAtI hai| vedoM meM eka RcA hai jisameM 'ariSTanemi' kA nAma milatA hai - isameM Aye hue ariSTanemi arhat ariSTanemi hI haiM yA koI anya, yaha abhI khoja kA viSaya hai, para kucha vidvAn mAnate haiM ki ye ullekha arhat ariSTanemi viSayaka haiN| ___ DaoN. rAdhAkRSNan likhate haiM - 'yajurveda meM RSabhadeva, ajitanAtha tathA ariSTanemi ina tIna tIrthakaroM kA ullekha pAyA jAtA hai|16 ___ jaina AgamoM ke anusAra zrIkRSNa ke AdhyAtmika guru tIrthakara ariSTanemi the| ghora AMgirasa ne zrIkRSNa ko jo upadeza diyA hai, vaha jaina paramparA se bhinna nahIM hai| 'tU akSita akSaya hai, acyuta-avinAzI hai aura prANa-saMzita-atisUkSmaprANa hai|' isa trayI ko sunakara zrIkRSNa anya vidyAoM ke prati tRSNAhIna ho ge| jaina darzana AtmavAda kI bhitti para avasthita hai| ghora AMgirasa ne jo upadeza diyA, usakA sambandha AtmavAdI dhAraNA se hai| 'sthitabhASiya' meM AMgirasa nAma pratyeka-buddha kA ullekha hai| ve bhagavAn ariSTanemi ke

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anekAnta 66/3, julAI - sitambara 2013 zAsanakAla meM Ae the| isa AdhAra para yaha saMbhAvanA kI jA sakatI hai ki ghora AMgirasa yA to ariSTanemi ke ziSya yA unake vicAroM se prabhAvita koI saMyAsI rahe hoNge| 84 Rgveda maM 'ariSTanemi' zabda cAra bAra AyA hai / 'svasti nastAkSyoM ariSTanemiH' (Rgveda, 1/14!8916) meM ariSTanemi zabda bhagavAn ariSTanemi kA vAcaka honA caahie| mahAbhArata meM 'tArkSya' zabda ariSTanemi ke paryAyavAcI nAma ke rUpa meM prayukta huA hai| tArkSya riSTanemi ne rAjA sagara ko jo mokSa viSayaka upadeza diyA usakI tulanA jaina-dharma ke mokSa saMbandhI siddhAntoM se hotI hai| vaha upadeza isa prakAra hai : "sagara ! saMsAra mokSa kA sukha hI vAstavika sukha hai, parantu jo dhana-dhAnya ke upArjana meM vyagra tathA putra aura pazuoM meM Asakta hai, usa mUr3ha manuSya ko usakA yathArtha jJAna nahIM hotaa| jisakI buddhi viSayoM meM Asakta hai, jisakA mana azAnta baMdhana meM baMdhA huA hai, vaha mUDha mokSa pAne ke lie yogya nahIM hotaa| isa samUce adhyAya meM saMsAra kI asAratA, mokSa kI mahattA, usake lie prayatnazIla hone aura mukta ke svarUpa kA nirUpaNa hai / sagara ke kAla meM vaidika loga mokSa meM vizvAsa nahIM karate the, isalie yaha upadeza kisI vaidika RSi kA nahIM ho sktaa| yahA~ 'tAkSya' ariSTanemi' kA prayoga bhagavAn ariSTanemi ke lie hI honA caahie| prabhAsapurANa meM ariSTanemi aura zrIkRSNa kA saMbandhita ullekha hai / ariSTanemi kA revata (giranAra) parvata se bhI sambandha batAyA gayA hai aura vahA~ batAyA gayA hai ki vAmana ne neminAtha ko ziva ke nAma se pukArA thA / vAmana ne giranAra para bali ko bA~dhane kA sAmartha pAne ke lie bhagavAn neminAtha ke Age tapa kiyA thaa| ina uddharaNoM se zrIkRSNa aura ariSTanemi ke parivArika tathA dhArmika saMbandha kI puSTi hotI hai| uttarAdhyayana kame bAIsaveM adhyayana se bhI yahI pramANita hotA hai| prophesara prANanAtha ne prabhAsa pATaNa se prApta tAmrapatra ko isa prakAra par3hA hai - revA khaNDa : prakaraNa : nagara ke rAjya ke svAmi su - jAti ke deva nevuzara nejara Ae hai| vaha vadurAja ke sthAna (dvArikA) Ae haiN| unhoMne maMdira banavAyA hai| sUrya - devanemi ki jo svarga samAna revata parvata ke deva haiM (unheM ) sadaiva ke lie arpaNa kiyaa| bAvala ke samrAToM meM nevuzara aura nejara nAmaka do samrAT hue haiN| pahale kA samaya I. san se lagabhaga do hajAra varSa pahale hai aura dUsare I. san pUrva chaThIM yA 7 zatI meM hue haiN| ina donoM meM se eka ne dvArikA Akara revata (giranAra) parvata para bhagavAn neminAtha kA maMdira banavAyA thaa| isa prakAra sAhitya va tAmra patra - tra - lekha donoM se ariSTanemi kA astitva pramANita hotA hai| saMdarbha : 1. Rgveda 10, 178.9 2. Rgveda 1.80.10

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anekAnta 66/3, julAI-sitambara 2013 85 3. yajurveda 25.1 4. skandhapurANa, prabhAsa khaNDa 5. prabhAsapurANa 6. bauddhadharma darzana, pR. 162 7. nandI, pR. 162 8. isibhAsiyAI, paDhamA saMgahaNI, gAthA-1 9. isibhAsiyAI, paDhamA saMgahaNI, gAthA-2-3 10. (aMgutaranikAya, dhammikasUkha, bhAga, 3, pR. 373) 11. DaoNyalAgsa Apha da buddha - bhAga 3, pR. 60 12. bhAratIya itihAsa, eka dRSTi, pR. 45 13. harivaMzapurANa (vaidika) 1.33.1 14. kalpasUtra sU. 169 15. isibhAsiyAI, pR. 297, pariziSTa 1, gAthA patteya buddhamisiNo vIsaM tittha aritttthnnemiss| (Indian Philosophy vol. ip-287: "The Yajurveda mentions the name of there Tirthankaras- Rishabha. 17. jJAtAdharmakathA pR. 105 - sahAyaka AcArya, saMskRta evaM prAkRta vibhAga, jaina vizva bhAratI saMsthAna, lADanUM - 341306 (rAjasthAna)

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kSapaka kI manovaijJAnikatA : sallekhanA ke sandarbha meM prAcArya paM. nihAlacaMda jaina jIvana aura mRtyu kA anAdi pravAha taba taka hai, jaba taka jIva kI mukti nahIM ho jaatii| jo jIvana ke saundarya va zivatva ko pahacAna lete haiM, unake lie mRtyu, maMgala mahotsava bana jAtI hai| jaise rAtri meM se aruNodaya hotA hai aura aruNodaya meM hI rAtri kA nirmANa hotA hai, aise hI jIvana meM mRtyu kA phala lagatA hai aura mRtyu meM jIvana kaa| jinakA jIvana saMyama aura tapa ArAdhanA meM vyatIta hotA hai, unheM mRtyu bhayakAraka nahIM lgtii| jinhoMne jIvana Ananda, anugraha aura anAsakti meM jiyA hai, ve muskarAte hue marate haiN| kabIra ise kahate haiM - "jyoM kI tyoM dhara dInhI cadariyA " / muni kSamAsAgara jI ne eka kavitA meM kahA mauta ne aakr| usase pUchA - - mere Ane ke pahile vaha kyA karatA rahA? usane kahA - Apake svAgata meM pUre hoza aura joza se jItA rhaa| mauta ne use praNAma kiyA aura kahA- acchA jiyo/ alavidA ! T eka anAsakta sAdhaka ke lie - mauta jIvana kI parIkSA hai / jIvana kA mUlyAMkana karane vAlI ksauttii| tabhI to muni kSamAsAgara jI kahate haiM - jIvana bhara / mauta hamArA imtihAna letI hai, eka eka sAMsa / gina gina kara letI aura detI hai| hamane, jIvana bhara kyA khoyA? kyA pAyA? isakA lekhA-jokhA - aMta meM yahI Akara to letI hai| jaina sAdhaka cAhe vaha vratI zrAvaka ho yA sAdhu ho, mRtyu ko nikaTa jAnakara sabhI prakAra ke viSAda ko chor3akara samatA pUrvaka deha tyAga karanA samAdhimaraNa yA sallekhanA hai / sallekhanA haikAya va kaSAyoM ko bhalI taraha se kRza karane kaa| jaba zarIra hI usakI saMyama sAdhanA meM bAdhaka banane lage to yaha socakara ki zarIra to punaH mila sakatA hai lekina jo vrata, saMyama, dharma maiMne dhAraNa kiye

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87 anekAnta 66/3, julAI-sitambara 2013 haiM ve amUlya nidhi haiM, durlabhatA se prApta hue haiM, inakI surakSA ke lie aisA prayAsa kiyA jAnA cAhie ki yaha bArabAra dhAraNa na karanA pdd'e| aisI bhAvanA se dehotsarga karanA - sallekhanA hai| __ vastutaH sallekhanA ko sAdhanA kA aMtima caraNa mAnA gayA hai| yaha jIvana bhara ke tapa kA phala hai| jaise vidyArthI parIkSA meM na baiThe to varSa bhara kI par3hAI vyartha calI jAtI hai, usI prakAra sallekhanA pUrvaka maraNa na hone para jIvana bhara kI sAdhanA kA vAstavika phala nahIM mila pAtA hai| jaise maMdira ke zikhara kI zobhA usake kalazArohaNa se hai, vaise hI sallekhanA- tapa-sAdhanA ke zikhara kA kalazArohaNa hai| kSapaka kA svarUpa - sallekhanAgata AcArya yA sAdhu kSapaka kahalAtA hai| A. pUjyapAda svAmI ne sarvArthasiddhi meM kSapaka kA svarUpa kahA - "koM ke upazamana meM tatpara, tapa sAdhanA meM saMlagna cAritramoha ko kSapaNA ke lie sanmukha zIla dhArI jo sAdhaka santa haiM aura jo pariNAmoM kI vizuddhi meM agrasara haiM, vaha kSapaka kahalAtA hai|" kSapaka mukhyataH do kAraNoM se prerita hokara sallekhanA hetu dRr3ha vicAra karatA hai - (1) bhale hI durbhikSa Adi kA bhaya nahIM hai| lekina vaha vicAratA hai ki yadi maiM isa samaya bhakta pratyAkhyAna na karU~ aura Age niryApakAcArya bhI kadAcita na mile, taba maiM 'paNDita maraNa' kI sAdhanA se vaMcita raha jaauuNgaa| (2) vaha vicAratA hai ki jisa samyaktvArAdhanA rUpa dharma ko bahuta samaya se dhAraNa kiyA hai, yadi maraNa samaya meM chor3a diyA jAve, yA kAraNavaza usakI virAdhanA ho jAe to vaha dharma niSphala ho jAyegA, astu karmoM kI nirjarA ke lie sallekhanA dhAraNa karanA yogya hai| kSapaka dvArA 'paragaNa' grahaNa - sallekhanA icchuka yadi AcArya kSapaka haiM, to vaha apane gaNa se pUchakara utkRSTa rUpa se pravRtti karane ke lie dUsare gaNa meM jAne kA vicAra karatA hai| kyoMki apane gaNa meM rahane se - AjJAkopa, kaThora vacana, kalaha, duHkha, sneha, karuNA, dhyAna vighna aura asamAdhi - ye nau doSa hone kI saMbhAvanA ho sakatI hai, kintu paragaNavAsI AcArya meM ukta doSa nahIM hote| sallekhanAdhArI AcArya kSapaka apanI Ayu sthiti kA vicAra kara zubha dina zubhakaraNa yA zubha nakSatra meM apane saMgha ko kisI guNasaMpanna yuvAcArya ke hAthoM meM sauMpakara, gaNa tyAga karane ke lie taiyAra ho jAte haiN| vaha saMgha ko tyAga karate samaya jina bAla vRddha munijanoM ke sAtha lambe samaya taka rahane se utpanna hue mamatva, sneha, rAga athavA dveSa vaza jo kaThora vacana kaheM hoM, unake lie kSamA mA~gatA hai| usa samaya AcArya kSapaka - gaNI evaM gaNa ko zikSA dete hue kahate haiM ki jaise udgama sthala se choTI nadI Age Age bar3hatI huI vistAra ko prApta ho, samudra taka pahu~ca jAtI hai, vaise hI Apa sabhI zIla va guNoM meM vRddhigaMta hoN| zikSA dete hue AcArya kSapaka chaha AvazyakoM ke paripAlana meM pramAda

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88 anekAnta 66/3, julAI-sitambara 2013 na karane ko, IryA bhASAdi paMca samitiyoM ke pAlana meM tathA tIna guptiyoM ke pAlana meM tatpara rahane ko kahate haiN| ve kahate haiM ki duSTa indriyoM ko jItanA tathA sparzAdi viSaya meM Asakta na hote hue nirAkula hokara jJAna va cAritra kI ArAdhanA krnaa| ___ zikSA dene ke uparAnta, AcArya kSapaka se bhI gaNa ke samasta sAdhujana paMcAMga namaskAra pUrvaka mana vacana kAya se kSamA mA~gate haiN| samAdhimaraNa karane vAlA kSapaka apanA gaNa tyAgakara paragaNa meM samAdhi hetu gamana karatA hai| jina AcArya ke sAnnidhya meM kSapaka sallekhanA letA hai, unheM niryApakAcArya, tathA jo muni kSapaka kI sevA-suzruSA dekhabhAla karate haiM, ve paricAraka kahalAte haiN| sallekhanArthI ko AtA dekhakara bar3e vAtsalyabhAva se paragaNa ke sAdhuoM ko AdarapUrvaka khar3e hokara use grahaNa karanA caahie| kSapaka aura paragaNastha muni kI paraspara parIkSA - Agantuka kSapaka aura paragaNastha muni pratilekhanA dvArA eka dUsare ke caraNa yAnI samiti aura gupti aura karaNa yAnI SaDAvazyaka ko jAnane ke lie parIkSA karate haiN| yaha 7 bAtoM ke lie kI jAtI hai - pratilekhana, vacana, grahaNa, nikSepa, svAdhyAya, vihAra aura bhikSA grhnn| phira kSapaka dvArA sahAyatA hetu nivedana karane para paragaNa kA AcArya usakI vasati-saMstara dekara tIna rAta sahAyatA kare aura bhalI prakAra parIkSA karake saMgha meM svIkAra karate haiN| kSapaka kA Atma samarpaNa-kSapaka AcAryavara se prArthanA karatA hai ki Apa zramaNa saMgha ke niryApaka haiM, maiM Apake sAnnidhya meM rahakara zrAmaNya ko uddyotita karanA cAhatA huuN| paragaNa ke AcArya ko AzvAsana - he munivara kSapaka ! bAhyAbhyantara parigraha kA tyAgakara tuma binA kisI bAdhA ke ratnatraya rUpa uttamArtha kI sAdhanA karo aura nirAkula hokara hamAre saMgha meM tthhro| citta vyAkula nahIM krnaa| hama sabhI vaiyAvRtyakAraka apane sahayogiyoM se isa viSaya meM vicAra karate haiN| AcArya yaha dekhate haiM ki kSapaka kI miSTAhAroM meM lolupatA hai yA glAni hai? AcArya apane saMgha ke bIca kSapaka ko upadeza dete haiM - he kSapaka ! tuma sukhazIlatA ko tyAgakara pariSahoM ko sahana karate hue cAritra ko dhAraNa kro| apanI indriyoM ko viSayoM kI ora jAne se roknaa| uttama kSamAdi dharmoM ke dvArA kaSAyoM para vijaya pAo, isase Apa jitendriya bnoge| yadyapi Apa pUrva apane gaNa meM chattIsa mUlaguNadhArI, prAcita zAstra ke jJAtA vidvAna AcArya rahe ho, phira bhI apane doSoM kI AlocanA avazya karanI cAhie, anyathA vratoM kI zuddhi nahIM hotii| AlocanA hetu preraNA - ___ he kSapaka ! dIkSAgrahaNa se lekara Aja taka ratnatraya meM lage doSoM yA aticAroM ko niHsaMkoca hokara ekAgratA se kaho aura unakI AlocanA kro| yadi koI kA~Te kItaraha apane doSa nahIM nikAlatA, vaha mAyA-zalya se viddha hokara azAnta, duHkhI aura bhayabhIta rahatA

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89 anekAnta 66/3, julAI-sitambara 2013 hai aura jo saralatA se apane doSoM ko kaha detA hai vaha nizalya bana prAyazcita dvArA AtmA ko nirmala karate haiN| unakI hI samAdhi siddha hotI hai| ataH he kSapaka ! mAyA zalya se rahita hokara guru dvArA diye prAyazcita ko karake pUrNa bhAvazuddhi ke sAtha sallekhanA dhAraNa kro| AcArya ke isa prakAra ke upadeza se kSapaka atyanta romAMcita hokara samasta doSoM kA smaraNa karatA hai aura AcAryazrI ke pAdamUla meM prAyazcita lene ko udyata hotA hai| yoga vasati meM saMtharA - ___samAdhi hetu udyata kSapaka ke lie AcArya usake yogya vasati meM saMtharA sthApita karate haiN| saMtharA paryApta prakAza yukta, sthUla-sUkSma jIvoM se rahita, majabUta dIvAreM va kapATa sahita gAMva ke bAhara yA kisI udyAna adi meM ho jahA~ caturvidha saMgha jA ske| kSapaka kA saMstara - pRthvImaya, lakar3I kA phala yA tRNoM kA banAyA jA sakatA hai| jisa para pUrva yA uttara kI ora sira rakhakara kSapaka ko ArohaNa karAyA jAtA hai| saMstarArUr3ha kSapaka kI paricaryA kA saMpUrNa dAyitva AcArya zrI saMgha ke yatiyoM ko sauMpate haiN| jo kSapaka ke zarIra ko dabAne, sahalAne, karavaTa dilAne, uThane-baiThane-calane meM sahAyatA karate haiN| dharmakathA sunAkara kSapaka ke citta ko sthira karate haiN| bhojana-pAna zodha kara kSapaka ko AhAra karAte haiN| ve mala-mUtra ko uThAne aura vasati, saMstara va upakaraNoM ko zodhana kArya bhI karate hai|| niryApakAcArya - pahale yaha dekhate haiM ki kSapaka ke mana meM kisI AhAra vizeSa kI utsukatA to nahIM hai| ataH vaha uttama bhojana pAtroM meM alaga alaga bhojya sAmagrI dikhAkara manojJa AhAra lene ke lie pUchatA hai| kSapaka virakta hokara ye viSayAnurAga bar3hAne vAle haiM aisA socakara unakA tyAga karatA hai| parantu yadi kSapaka dikhAe hue AhAra ke svAdiSTa rasa meM lubdha hokara kisI vastu ko bAra bAra khAne kI icchA karatA hai to AcArya kSapaka ke mana se sUkSma zalya nikAlane ke lie vizeSa upadeza dekara AhAra se virakti karavAte haiN| ve eka eka AhAra kA doSa batAkara tyAga karavAte haiN| isake bAda kramazaH azana, khAdya aura svAdya padArthoM kA tyAga karAkara pAnaka AhAra dete haiN| phira kSapaka ko AcAmla kA sevana karAyA jAtA hai jo kapha kSayakAraka, pitta zAntakAraka aura vAta se rakSA karatA hai| peTa ke mala kI zuddhi ke lie virecana aura anuvAsana karAte haiN| phira niryApakAcArya kSapaka ko saMgha ke madhya cAroM prakAra ke AhAra kA tyAga karAte haiN| AhAra pratyAkhyAna ke bAda kSapaka AcArya, ziSya, sAdharmI aura gaNa ke sambandha meM jo kaSAyeM hotI haiM, unheM nikAla detA hai| dharmAnurAga prakaTa karate hue hAtha jor3a pramANa pUrvaka samasta munisaMgha se mana vacana kAya kRta-kArita-anumodanA se pUrva meM kiye saba aparAdhoM kI niHzalya hokara kSamA mA~gatA hai aura svayaM saMgha ko kSamA kara utkRSTa vairAgya ke sAtha tapa aura samAdhi meM lIna hokara karmoM kI nirjarA karatA hai|

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90 anekAnta 66/3, julAI-sitambara 2013 kSapaka ke karttavya (1) kSapaka ko sampUrNa sukha zIlatA kA tyAga kara parISahoM ko sahane kA bhItara se saMkalpa rUpa zakti bddh'aave| sukhazIla muni bhojana, upakaraNa aura vasati kA zodhana nahIM krtaa| (2) kSapaka ko Rddhi rasa aura sAta gArava ko naSTa karake, rAga-dveSa kA mardana karake AlocanA se Atma-zuddhi kare / (3) AcArya ke samakSa apane aparAdha kA nivedana kara prAyazcita ke lie khe| kyoMki prAyazcita se citta kI zuddhi hotI hai / jaise nipuNa vaidya rogI hone para dUsare vaidya se ilAja karavAtA hai usI prakAra prAyazcita vidhi ko jAnakara bhI apanI vizuddhi ke lie para kI sAkSI pUrva prAyazcita letA hai| (4) kSapaka ko mithyAdarzana zalya, mAyA zalya, nidAna zalya athavA bhAva va dravya zalya ko guru kI sAkSI meM nikAla denA caahie| jo muni zalya sahita maraNa karate haiM, ve durgati meM jAte haiN| (5) jaise bAlaka kArya ho yA akArya ho sarala bhAva se kaha detA hai, kucha chipAtA nahIM hai| vaise hI kSapaka manogata kuTilatA aura vacanagata jhUTha ko tyAgakara apanA aparAdha svIkAra kara letA hai| niryApakAcArya kA kSapaka ko aMtima upedaza (karNa jApa) niryApakAcArya saMstarArUr3ha kSapaka ko saMsAra se bhaya aura vairAgya utpanna karane vAlI zikSA usake kAna meM dete haiM - - i. mithyAtva kA tyAga kro| zrutajJAna meM sadA upayoga lagAo / krodhAdi kaSAyoM kA nigraha karo / ii. jJAna ke binA citta nigraha nahIM hotaa| ataH he kSapaka ! tuma jJAnopayoga meM citta ko lgaao| guptiyA~ pApoM ko rokatIM haiM ataH tuma nirantara dhyAna - svAdhyAya meM rahakara triyoga meM sAvadhAna rho| iii. ahiMsA, satya, acaurya, brahmacarya aura aparigraha mahAvratoM kI pA~ca-pA~ca bhAvanAoM ko nirantara smaraNa karate hue inakI bhAvanA bhAte raho jisase vratoM meM doSa na lagane paave| iv. ghora tapasvI bhI bhogoM kA nidAna karake, apanA munipada naSTa kara saMsAra bar3hAtA hai| jaise kele ke tane meM kucha sAra nahIM hai aise hI ye bhoga hai / ataH bhogoM kA nidAna choddo| v. nidrA para vijaya prApta kro| vi. sukha aura zarIra meM Asakta mata hoo| tapa tapo, thor3A bhI tapa vaTa-bIja kI taraha bahuta phala detA hai| ukta zikSA se kSapaka kA mana zAnta hokara prasannatA se khila uThatA hai|

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91 anekAnta 66/3, julAI-sitambara 2013 vighnakArI vedanA hone para - kSapaka ke karmodaya se, yadi tIvra vedanA hove, vaha vyAkula hokara kucha bhI bakane lage, saMyama se cyuta ho asaMyama meM hI bhojana pAna mA~gane lage, to AcArya pahile upacAra kara vedanA dUra karane kA upAya karatA hai, pasInA lAnA, enimA, lepa lagAnA, mAliza, aMgamardana yA jalasevana Adi upAyoM se vedanA zAnta kre| asaMyama cyuta hote dekha use pichalI bAtoM kA smaraNa karAnA cAhie tAki usakA yathArtha jJAna lauTa aave| AcArya vAtsalya bhAva se anukUla upedaza detA rhe| atIta meM tumane paravaza hokara bahuta vedanAe~ sahIM to isa samaya dharma mAnakara apanI icchAzakti se inako sahana kro| he kSapaka ! tumane arhantadeva kI sAkSIpUrvaka vrata lie haiM, unheM bhaMga karanA ThIka nahIM hai| zarIra se mamattva tyaago| vaha samabhAvI bane rahane ke lie barAbara priyavacana kahatA rhe| samAdhimaraNa karane vAlA kSapaka - pratikramaNa, pratyAkhyAna aura sAmayika (kAyotsarga) karatA huA, deha va AtmA ko pRthaka pRthaka anubhava kre| tathA kramazaH kAya va kaSAya ko kSINa karatA huA yaha vicAra kare ki - bhItara baiThe Atmadeva haiM, kAyA to maMdira hai| sAmayika meM zeSa raha gayA, kevala ajara-amara hai| ***** - nidezaka, vIra sevA maMdira 21 dariyAgaMja, naI dillI-110002

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paryAvaraNa Arthika vikAsa au paryAvaraNa, Arthika vikAsa aura jaina dharma ke siddhAnta - DaoN. saMgItA mehatA paryAvaraNa saMrakSaNa jaina jIvana zailI kA mUlAdhAra hai| samagra jaina vAGmaya meM paryAvaraNa viSayaka sUkSma cintana vyApta hai| manuSya ke cAroM ora vyApta bhUmaMDala, vAyumaMDala, jalamaMDala aura jIvamaMDala hI paryAvaraNa hai| tattvArthasUtra meM likhA hai saMsAriNastrasa sthaavraaH| pRthivyaptejovAyu vanaspatayaH sthaavraaH| 2/12.13 arthAt jIva sRSTi trasa aura sthAvara do prakAra kI hai| pRthvI, jala, agni vAyu aura vanaspati ye pAMca sthAvara jIva haiN| ina saba se milakara sRSTi kA nirmANa huaa| isa taraha sampUrNa brahmANDa jIva tattva se otaprota hai aura saMpUrNa paryAvaraNa eka jIvanta ikAI hai aura isameM "parasparograho jIvAnAm" kahakara batAyA hai ki pratyeka jIva eka dUsare para Azrita hai, sahayogI hai, pUraka hai| pratyeka jIva meM sahaastitva aura ekatva hI bhAvanA hai| AcArAMga sUtra meM kahA bhI hai ki jise tU mArane yogya samajha rahA hai vaha vAstava meM tU hI hai, jise AjJA yogya mAnatA hai vAstava meM vaha tU hI hai, jise paritApa dene yogya samajha rahA hai vAstava meM vaha tU hI hai, jise pakar3ane yogya samajha rahA hai vAstava meM vaha tU hI hai, jinheM prANahIna karanA cAhatA hai vAstava meM vaha tU hI hai| isa prakAra yadi ina jIvoM kA astitva hai to hI hamArA astitva hai| ataH hamAre astitva kI rakSA ke lie pRthvI, jala, agni, vAyu, vanaspati tathA prANI jagata kI surakSA hamArA kartavya hai| AcArya samantabhadra ne kahA hai - kSiti-salila-dahana pavanArambhaM viphalaM vanaspati chem| saraNaM sAraNamapi ca pramAdacaryA prbhaassnte||2 arthAt binA prayojana bhUmi khodanA, jala bahAnA, agni jalAnA, paMkhA calAnA, vRkSoM ko ukhAr3anA, patra, puSpa, DAla, phalAdi ko chinna-bhinna karanA pramAdapUrNa AcaraNa he| isaliye binA prayojana ina kAryoM ko nahIM karanA caahie| jabaki Aja manuSya yahI pramAda kara rahA hai| isIlie bhUmi, jala, vAyu, dhvani aura pradUSaNa vikarAla rUpa le rahe haiN| Aja icchA aura bhogavAdI dRSTikoNa ne hiMsA ko janma diyA hai sAtha-sAtha paryAvaraNa saMtulana kA vinAza kiyaa| ina paristhitiyoM meM ahiMsA Atmazuddhi ke sAtha paryAvaraNa saMtulana kA zreSTha mArga hai|

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anekAnta 66/3, julAI-sitambara 2013 jainadharma kA mUlAdhAra ahiMsA hai| ahiMsA kevala dharma yA darzana nahIM apitu jIvana jIne kI samagra zailI hai| jaina RSiyoM ne ahiMsA ko aneka pahaluoM se dekhA, paryAvaraNa vijJAna unameM se eka hai| ahiMsA se tAtparya kevala bAhya zarIra kI hiMsA kA abhAva nahIM hai apitu mana, vacana aura karma se kisI jIva ko AghAta taka nahIM pahu~cAnA hai| isa bhAvanA se pRthvI, jala, agni, vAyu, vanaspati aura prANI jagata kI rakSA se ahiMsA ke dvArA sabhI prakAra ke pradUSaNa se mukti sambhava hai| paryAvaraNa saMtulana kA samagra cakra vanaspati para AdhArita hai| vRkSa kArbanaDAI oNksAiDa grahaNa kara zuddha prANavAyu oNksIjana ke rUpa meM pradAna karate haiN| varSA cakra ko niyamita karate haiN| ativRSTi ke samaya jala avaSoSita kara bhUmigata kara dete haiN| prANI jagata ko paryApta AhAra pradAna karate haiN| ye jala, phala, zuddha, Idhana to dete haiM sAtha hI prANImAtra kI rakSA bhI karate haiN| pratyakSa dekhA gayA hai ki gaisa trAsadI, sunAmI, bAr3ha jaisI ghora vipadAoM ko pahale svayaM vRkSoM ne sahana kiyA tathA manuSya aura jIvoM kI rakSA kii| kRSi se khAdyAnna tathA vana saMpadA se prApta IMdhana, lakar3I, auSadhi Adi se aneka prakAra ke udyoga dhaMdhe vikasita hote haiM isa dRSTi se vana saMpadA kI rakSA tathA avaidha kaTAI para roka se paryAvaraNa surakSita aura artha taMtra vikasita hogaa| __zAkAhAra hI zreSTha AhAra hai| jainadharma meM madya, mAMsa aura madhu ke sevana aura utpAdana kA niSedha kiyA hai| paryAvaraNa kI dRSTi se mAMsAhAra pradUSita tathA svAsthya kI dRSTi se kupAcya, tathA rogakArI hotA hai| Arthika dRSTi se dekhA jAya to mAMsa ke utpAdana aura surakSA meM adhika samaya, sthAna aura dhana kA vyaya hotA hai| sAmAnyataH kRSi se varSa meM do bAra Aya hotI hai vahI mAMsa ke utpAdana meM varSoM lagate haiN| vartamAna meM mAMsa utpAdana se jalAbhAva kI samasyA ugra rUpa le rahI hai| zodha ke A~kar3e batAte haiM ki 1 pauMDa ke utpAdana meM pAnI khapata TamATara ke lie (23 gailana), AlU (24), gehU~ (25), gAjara (33), sevaphala (49), saMtare (65), aMgUra (70), dUdha (130), aNDe (500), sUara mAMsa (1630), gomAMsa (5214 gailana) hotI hai| ___ bhAratIya grAmINa arthavyavasthA meM pazuoM kI mahatvapUrNa bhUmikA hai| kRSi meM baila urjA ke srota haiN| bhojana meM proTIna kA pramukha mAdhyama dUdha hai| bhArata meM 80 miliyana DhulAI karane vAle pazuoM se 40 miliyana hArsa pAvara zakti milatI hai, jo 10,000 megAvATa vidyuta urjA ke barAbara hai|6 pazu dUdha ke atirikta, mala-mUtra ke rUpa meM khAda tathA amUlya zrama dekara Arthika vikAsa meM bahumUlya yogadAna karate haiN| inakA pAlana to kRSi ke upotpAdana se hI ho jAtA hai| isameM vizeSa kharca nahIM hotaa| aisI sthiti meM pazu saMpadA kA saMhAra kiyA jAtA hai to yaha arthataMtra aura paryAvaraNa kA saMhAra hai| jainAcAra meM prANiyoM kI rakSA ke lie vistAra se nirdeza kiyA hai| unake aMgoM ke chedana, baMdhana, unheM mAranA, zakti se adhika bhAra lAdanA, aparyApta AhAra denA, samaya para AhAra na denA Adi kA niSedha kara pazu sRSTi ke saMrakSaNa aura saMvardhana kA mArga prazasta kiyA hai|

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anekAnta 66/3, julAI - sitambara 2013 vartamAna meM bhautika suvidhA, AvazyakatA kI pUrti tathA vikAsa ke liye bhUmi kA utkhanana, UrjA ke liye peTrola kA, koyale kA, dhAtuoM kA utkhanana nirantara bar3hatA jA rahA hai jisase bhUkampa, sunAmI jaisI vipadAoM kA tANDava bar3hatA jA rahA hai| 94 Aja sthAna-sthAna para kala kArakhAnoM kA viSAkta jala nadiyoM meM yA bhUmi para vyartha bahA diyA jAtA hai| jaina dRSTi se usameM asaMkhya jala ke jIvoM kI hiMsA hotI hai| paryAvaraNa vaijJAnika ise jala pradUSaNa kI saMjJA dete haiM / jaina vidhi' se jala kI zuddhi evaM mitavyayitA se hI jala pradUSaNa se mukti saMbhava hai| agni urjA kA pratIka hai / urjA kI bacata au saMvardhana ke lie agni jIva kI anAvazyaka hiMsA kA niSedha kiyA hai| isa prakAra ahiMsA ke AcaraNa se mAnava prakRti kA saMrakSaNa kara vikAsa kI ora agrasara ho sakatA hai| dharma aura artha jIvana ke mahatvapUrNa puruSArtha hai| jisameM dharma prathama aura artha dvitIya sthAna para hai| arthazAstra ke kendra meM artha hai aura paridhi meM mAnava hai| isakA mUlAdhAra icchA hai| icchA vRddhi-AvazyakatA meM vRddhi - AvazyakatA kI pUrti ke liye utpAdana meM vRddhi-adhika lAbhArjana aura samRddhi yaha Arthika cakra hai| adhika lAbha ke lie prAkRtika saMsAdhanoM ke dohana aura zoSaNa se hiMsA meM vRddhi aura paryAvaraNa meM asaMtulana nirantara dekhA jA rahA hai| mahAvIra svAmI ne kahA hai ki 'icchA hu AkAsasamA anaMtayA" arthAt icchA AkAza ke samAna ananta hai| 'khaNametasokkhA bahukAla dukkhA' - icchA pUrti ke lie prApta bhautika sukha kSaNika hote haiM aura pariNAma meM dukhada hote haiN| eka icchA kI pUrti ke bAda dUsarI janma letI hai saMtuSTi nahIM hotI hai / jisa prakAra agni se agni ko zAnta nahIM kiyA jA sakatA hai, icchA kA bhI aisA hI svarUpa hai| isIliye jainadharma kI icchA ko saMyamita tathA AvazyakatA ko sImita karane kI bAta kahatA hai| AvazyakatA kI pUrti ke lie jaina Agama jIvikopArjana aura utpAdana kA niSedha nahIM karatA hai| jIvikopArjana gRhastha kI AvazyakatA hai| jaina dharma meM utpAdana ke lie sAdhana kI pavitratA ko Avazyaka mAnA hai - isake lie jainAgama meM tIna nirdeza diye haiN| 1. ahiMsappayANe hiMsaka zastroM kA nirmANa na karanA / 2. asaMjutAhikaraNe zastroM kA saMyojana nahIM karanA / 3. apAvakammovadese pApa karma kA, hiMsA prazikSaNa na denaa| hiMsaka sAdhana, parazu kRpANa talavAra Adi zastroM kA nirmANa - vyApAra, AdAna pradAna na karane kA nirdeza diyA hai / " vizva zAMti ke lie yaha nirdeza varadAna hai aura Aja isakI mahatI AvazyakatA hai| arthopArjana ke lie jainAgamoM meM karma kI zuddhatA tathA naitikatA para bala diyA hai|

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anekAnta 66/3, julAI - sitambara 2013 caura prayoga caurArthadAna vilopa sadRza sammizrAH / hInAdhikaM vinimAnaM paMcAsteye vyatIpAtaH // 12 95 corI taskarI ke prayoga, corI kA dhana lenA, rAja niyamoM kA ullaMghana, milAvaTa, nAma-tola meM kama jyAdA karanA, kAma na karake vetana lenA sarvathA anucita hai| dhana kA upArjana jIvikA ke liye kiyA jAnA caahiye| dhana saMgraha ke liye nahIM / dhana ke saMgaha se lobha tathA svArtha kI pravRtti prabala hogI taba garIbI aura asamAnatA kI samasyA bddh'egii| isake lie aparigraha kA pAlana karanA caahie| AvazyakatA se adhika dhana yA vastuoM kA saMgraha na karanA aparigraha hai| dhana kA ucita upayoga tathA dAna karanA caahiye| dhana ke bhoga aura parigraha ko sImita karanA cAhie / aparigraha se garIbI, asamAnatA, prakRti kA dohana Adi aneka samasyAoM kA samAdhAna ho sakatA hai| anaitikatA se nirantara bhraSTAcAra, aprAmANikatA, beimAnI Adi Arthika aparAdha bar3ha rahe haiN| ataH Avazyaka hai ki Arthika vikAsa dharma aura nIti se anupramANita ho| vikAsa isa taraha ho ki vizva zAMti ko khatarA na ho, aparAdha na ho, sabhI kI prAthamika AvazyakatAoM kI pUrti ho, arthAjana meM apramANika sAdhanoM kA prayoga na ho aura dUsaroM kI hAni na ho, yaha tabhI saMbhava hai jaba vikAsa mAnavatA tathA naitikatA pradhAna hogaa| arthazAstra kA uddezya arjana karanA hai| jainadharma kA uddezya saMyojana aura visarjana (tyAga) hai| arthazAstra vyaya kI bAta karatA hai, jainadharma mitavyaya kA Agraha aura apavyaya kA niSedha karatA hai| arthazAstra meM Arthika vikAsa, prAkRtika saMsAdhanoM kA dohana, paryAvaraNa asaMtulana aura samasyAe~ haiN| jainAcAra maM saMyama, saMtulana aura prAkRtika saMsAdhanoM kI bacata aura samAdhAna hai| Aja kI paristhiti meM dharma aura artha virodhI bana gaye haiM / kintu pRthaka pRthaka donoM satya hai| anekAnta dRSTi se vicAra kareM to donoM icchA, AvazyakatA aura saMtuSTi kI bAta karate haiN| vartamAna saMdarbha meM Arthika vikAsa ke aura paryAvaraNa saMrakSaNa ke liye madhyama mArga apanAnA hogaa| isake liye dharma samanvita artha nIti ko apanAnA hogaa| Arthika vikAsa kI avadhAraNAoM para punarvicAra karanA hogA aura isake liye jainadharma ke siddhAnta hI sArthaka haiM, varadAna haiN| *****

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96 anekAnta 66/3, julAI-sitambara 2013 saMdarbha: 1. AcArAMga sUtra - paMcama adhyayana, paMcama uddezaka, ahiMsA pada sUtra 101.102.103 2. ratnakaraNDa zrAvakAcAra - AcArya samantabhadra- padya 80 3. zrAvakAcAra pUjyapAda 14, 35 4. ratnakaraNDa zrAvakAcAra 66 5. zAkAhAra vijJAna- DaoN.nemicandra jaina, hIrA bhaiyA prakAzana, pR. 49 6. pazu vadha baMdI hetu pArita Adarza nirNaya - pR. 21 - zrI sI. ke. caturvedI, saba jaja prathama zreNI, naI dillI 7. ratnakaraNDa zrAvakAcAra 84 8. vIrodaya kAvya 19/29 9. upAsakadazAMga 1/38 10. mahAvIra kA arthazAstra - AcArya mahAprajJa, Adarza sAhitya saMgha, curU, pR.42 11. ratnakaraNDa zrAvakAcAra- AcArya samantabhadra padya 77 12. vahI 58 - prAdhyApaka, saMskRta zrI aTalabihArI vAjapeyI zA.ku.kalA evaM vANijya mahAvidyAlaya, indaura (madhyapradeza)

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Year-66, Volume-4 No. 10591/62 Oct.-Dec. 2013 RNI ISSN 0974-8768 anekAnta (jainavidyA evaM prAkRta bhASAoM kI traimAsika zodha patrikA) ANEKANT (A Quarterly Research Journal for Jainology & Prakrit Languages) sampAdaka DaoN. jayakumAra jaina, mujaphpharanagara (u.pra.) Editor Dr. Jaikumar Jain, Muzaffarnagar (U.P.) Mobile: 09760002389 vIra sevA mandira, naI dillI-110 002 Vir Sewa Mandir, New Delhi-110 002

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anekAnta ANEKANTA (janavidyA evaM prAkRta bhASAoM kI traimAsika zodha patrikA) (AQuarterly Research Journal for Jalnology & Prakrit Languages) saMsthApaka Founder AcArya jugalakizora mukhtAra 'yugavIra' Acharya Jugalkishor Mukhtar 'Yugveer' sampAdaka maNDala (prA. paM. nihAlacaMda jaina-bInA) nidezaka vIra sevA maMdira-naI dillI pro. rAjArAma jaina-nauyaDA pro. vaSabhaprasAda jaina, lakhanaU prA. zItalacanda jaina,jayapura pro. zreyAMsakumAra jaina, bar3auta zrI rUpacaMda kaTAriyA, naI dillI pro. ema.ela. jaina, naI dillI Editor (Pt. Nihal Chand Jain, Bina) Director-Vir Sewa Mandir, New Delhi Prof. Raja Ram Jain, Noida Prof. Vrashabh Prasad Jain, Lucknow Pracharya Shital Chand Jain, Jaipur Prof. Shreyans Kumar Jain, Baraut Shri Roop Chand Kataria, New Delhi Prof. M.L. Jain, New Delhi sadasyatA zulka/ Subsercription eka aMka-rupaye 20/- vArSika - ru. 80/This issue - Rs. 20/- Yearly - Rs. 80/ sabhI patrAcAra patrikA evaM sampAdakIya hetu patA - vIra sevA maMdira (jaina darzana zodha saMsthAna) 21, aMsArI ror3a dariyAgaMja, naI dillI -110 002.06 All correspondance for the journal & editorial onVir Sewa Mandir (A Research Institute for Jainology) 21, Ansari Road, Daryaganj, New Delhi-110002.06 phona naM. 011-30120522, 23250522, 09311050522 ___e-mail-virsewa@gmail.com vidvAn lekhakoM ke vicAroM se sampAdaka maMDala kA sahamata honA Avazyaka nahIM hai| lekhoM meM diye gaye tathyoM aura sandarbho kI prAmANikatA ke saMbaMdha meM lekhaka svayaM uttaradAyI haiM sabhI prakAra ke vivAdoM kA nipaTArA dillI nyAyAlaya ke adhIna hogaa|

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AdhyAtmika-bhajana re bhAI! moha mahA dukha dAtA re bhAI! moha mahA dukha dAtA sabata virAnI apanI mAnai vinasata hota asaataa| re bhAI! moha mahA dukha dAtA, jAsa mAsa, jisa dina china viriyA~ jAko hosI ghAtA, sAko rAkha sake na koI sura, nara, nAga vikhyaataa| re bhAI! moha mahA dukha dAtA, saba jaga marasa jAta nita prati nahiM rAga binA vilalAtA bAlaka marai karai dukha, dhayana rUdana kare bhumaataa| re bhAI! moha mahA dukha dAtA, pUse haneM vilAva dukhI nahiM puraga hanaiM risakhAsA, 'dyAnata' moha mUla mamatA ko nAsa kare so jnyaataa| re bhAI! moha mahA dukha dAtA -kavivara dyAnatarAya

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viSayAnukramaNikA viSaya lekhaka kA nAma pRSTha saMkhyA 1. tattvArthazlokavArtika meM ajIva tattva evaM usake bheda tathA usakI anya darzanoM se tulanA - DaoN. jayakumAra jaina 5-10 2. jaina saMskRti kA mukuTamaNi karnATakA ___ evaM usakI kucha yazasvinI zrAvikAeM - pro. DaoN. zrImatI vidyAvatI jaina 11-19 3. jainadarzana meM saMzaya kA svarUpa ___- pro. DaoN. vIrasAgara jaina 20-26 4. bhAratIya mUrtikalA meM jaina mUrtiyoM ke lakSaNa - lalita zarmA 27-33 5. lokAnuprekSA meM vAstuvidyA - satendra kumAra jaina 34-44 & Parapsychological Aspect of Dream - SamaniRamaniyaPragya 45-51 7. vAstuzAMti kI AvazyakatA evaM vaiziSTya - DaoN. surendra ku. jaina bhAratI' 52-58 8. lezyA svarUpa evaM vimarza - DaoN. yogeza kumAra jaina 59-68 - DaoN. zvetA jaina 9. sarvodayI dezanA meM svamukhI para-mukhI dRSTi - DaoN. anekAnta kumAra jaina 69-74 10. merI bhAvanA : jIvana kA zilAlekha - siddhArtha kumAra, jaina ema. myUja. 75-81 11. jainadarzana meM prabandhana tattva - pro. sAgaramala jaina 82-89 12. zramaNa saMskRti kI vyApakatA - pro. DaoN. rAjArAma jaina 90-96 (gaMtAka se Age)

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IL vr tattvArthazlokavArtika meM ajIva tattva evaM usake bheda tathA usakI anya darzanoM se tulanA DaoN. jayakumAra jaina yaha sampUrNa loka jinakA samUha hai, ve tattva jIva aura ajIva ke bheda se do prakAra ke haiM / jaina paramparA meM jIva ke paryAyavAcI ke rUpa meM AtmA, caitanya evaM upayoga zabdoM kA prayoga bhI milatA hai| jinameM cetanA kA upayoga (jAnane, dekhane kA sAmarthya) nahIM pAyA jAtA hai, unheM ajIva kahate haiN| yadyapi ajIva tattva meM jIva tattva ke samAna guNa, dharma nahIM pAye jAte haiM, kintu usameM guNa, dharmoM kA sarvathA abhAva nahIM hai, apitu vaha svajAtIya guNa-dharma sadbhAvI hai| ajIva kA lakSaNaH AcArya umAsvAmI ne tattvArthasUtra meM ajIva kA koI lakSaNa nahIM kiyA hai| AcArya pUjyapAda ne tattvArthasUtra para likhita sarvArthasiddhi TIkA meM 'tadvipayaryalakSaNo'jIvaH " kahakara ajIva ko jIva se viparIta lakSaNa vAlA kahA hai| unakA kahanA hai ki yataH dharmAdika meM jIva kA lakSaNa nahIM pAyA jAtA hai, ataH unakI ajIva yaha sAmAnya saMjJA kI gaI hai- 'teSAM dharmAdInAmajIva iti sAmAnyasaMjJA jIvalakSaNAbhAvamukhena pravRttA / tattvArthavArtikakAra AcArya bhaTTa akalaMkadeva kahate haiM ki ajIva ko kevala jIvAbhAva rUpa hI nahIM samajhanA hai, apitu anazva ke samAna anya acetana padArthoM kI pratIti ajIva se samajhanA caahie| unhoMne likhA hai- 'ajIva ityabhAvamAtraprasaMga H iti cet, na bhAvAntarapratipatteranazvavat / AcArya vidyAnandi svAmI ajIva kA sAmAnya lakSaNa karate hue likhate haiM-'ajIvanAdajIvAH syuriti saamaanylkssnnm|" arthAt ajIvana-cetanAsvarUpa jIvana na hone se jIva bhinna padArtha ajIva kahalAte haiM, yaha sabhI ajIva dravyoM meM rahane vAlA ajIva kA sAmAnya lakSaNa hai / ve apane ukta vArtika kA vyAkhyAna karate hue kahate haiM - 'jIvasyopayogo lakSaNaM jIvanamiti pratipAditaM tato'nyadajIvana gatisthityavagAhahetutvarUpAdi IL

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IL anekAnta 66/4 akTUbara-disambara 2013 svarUpamanvayisAdhAraNamajIvAnAM lakSaNaM / " arthAt jIva kA lakSaNa upayoga hai / yahI jIvana hai| usa jIvana se bhinna padArtha paryudAsavRtti dvArA ajIvana hai| yaha gati-sthiti-avagAhanahetutva rUpa anvaya se sabhI ajIvoM meM pAyA jAtA hai| ataH yaha ajIva kA sAdhAraNa lakSaNa hai| ajIva zabda meM naJ samAsa kA arthaH ajIva zabda'na jIvaH ajIva ' aisA naJ samAsa karane para niSpanna huA hai / jaise 'na azvaH anazvaH' meM anazva kahane se azva se bhinna azvasadRza anya prANiyoM kA bodha hotA hai, usI prakAra ajIva kahane se jIva se bhinna sattA vAle anya acetana padArthoM kA bodha hotA hai| ajIva meM naJ samAsa anazva kI taraha paryudAsa rUpa hai, tucchAbhAva rUpa nahIM hai| AcArya vidyAnandi svAmI likhate haiM-'trikAlaviSayAjIvanAnu bhavanAdajIva iti niruttakteravyAbhicArAnna punarjIvanAbhAvamAtraM tasya pramANAgocaratvAt padArthalakSaNatvAyogAt bhAvAntarasvabhAvasyaivAbhAvasyaivAbhAvasya vyvsthaapnaat|"arthaat tInoM kAloM meM ajIvana dharmoM kA anubhavana karane se ajIva tattva hai| ajIva kI isa nirUkti meM koI vyabhicAra (niyamabhaMga) doSa nahIM hai| ajIva kA artha jIvanAbhAva mAtra nahI hai apitu yaha jIvabhinna bhAva rUpa hai| ise anazva, anekAnta, anakSara Adi naJ samAsa vAloM kI taraha bhAvAtmaka padArtha samajhanA caahie| tucchAbhAva to kisI bhI pramANa kA viSaya nahIM bana pAtA hai aura usameM padArtha ke lakSaNa kA ghaTita honA bhI saMbhava nahIM hotA hai| kharaviSANa ke samAna tucchAbhAva kisI bhI padArtha kA lakSaNa nahI ho sakatA hai / ataH abhAva kA abhiprAya tatpadArtha ke abhAva rUpa anya padArtha bhAva se hai| 6 sAMkhya kI ajIvaviSayaka mAnyatA kA khaNDanaH AcAryavidyAnandi svAmI ne 'tena naikaM pradhAnAdirUpatAM' kahakara sAMkhya dArzanikoM kI usa mAnyatA kA nirasana kiyA hai, jisake anusAra ve eka hI pradhAna yA prakRti ko ajIva tattva mAnate haiN| zeSa 23 tattvoM ko puruSa (cetana - jIva) ke sAtha hone vAle saMyoga se utpanna prakRti kA vikAra kahate haiN| jaisA ki sAMkhyakArikA meM IzvarakRSNa ne kahA hai. 'prakRtermahAn tato'haMkArastasmAdgaNazca ssoddshkH| tasmAdapi SoDazakAtpaJcabhyaH paJca bhUtAni / / " - IL

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anekAnta 66/4, akTUbara-disambara 2013 __ arthAt prakRti (jar3a pradhAna tattva) se mahAna (buddhi),usase ahaMkAra, ahaMkAra se16 padArthoM (5 jJAnendriyA~,5kAmendriyA~,1mana,5 tanmAtra) tathA inameM5 tanmAtroM se 5 mahAbhUta utpanna hote haiN| jaina darzana ke anusAra jIvoM kI bahutvatA ke samAna ajIva kI bhI bahutvatA svIkAra kI gaI hai| isIlie kArikA 2 meM 'ajIvAH syuH' bahuvacanAnta kahakara aneka ajIva padArthoM kI svataMtra sattA svIkAra kI gaI hai| ajIvaviSayaka vaizeSikoM kI mAnyatA kA nirasanaH vaizeSikadarzana ke anusAra dravya,guNa, karma,sAmAnya(jAti),vizeSa,samavAya aura abhAva ye sAta padArtha mAne gaye haiN| unake anusAra abhAva cAra prakAra kA hotA hai - prAgabhAva, pradhvaMsAbhAva, atyantAbhAva aura anyonyaabhaav| vaizeSika abhAva nAmaka saptama padArtha ko tucchAbhAva rUpa mAnate haiN| ve ajIva meM naJ samAsa meM prayukta abhAvako atyantAbhAva yA tucchAbhAva rUpa mAnate haiN|kintu jainoM kI dRSTi meM tucchAbhAva kisI bhI pramANa kA viSaya nahI hotA hai| ataH vAstava meM gatihetutva Adi aneka guNoM se yukta jIvabhinna padArthoM ko ajIva mAnA gayA hai|ajiiv padArthoM meM sattA, dravyapanA Adi kI apekSA jIva se samAnatA bhI hai| bhAvAntarasvabhAvasyaivAbhAvasya vyavasthApanAt10 kahakara AcArya vidyAnandi svAmI ne vaizeSikoM ke dvArA ajIva meM jIva ke abhAva ko tucchAbhAva rUpa mAnane kI mAnyatA kA khaNDana kiyA hai| vaidAntiyoM kI mAnyatA kA khaNDanaH advaitavAdI vedAntI eka mAtra brahma kI hI vAstavika sattA mAnate haiM tathA sampUrNa jagatko svapna kI taraha pratibhAsa svIkAra karate haiN| yadi vedAntiyoM kI dRSTi mAna lI jAye taba to dharma, adharma, AkAza kAla aura pudgala sAMza ho jAyeMge, jabaki unakI dRSTi meM eka mAtra brahma hI sat hai aura vaha niraMza hai| AcArya vidyAnandi svAmI ne prathama sUtra ke tRtIya vArtika meM 'nApyanaMzatA kahakara vedAntiyoM ke brahmadvaitavAda kA khaNDana tathA dharmAdi ajIva dravyoM kI sattA kA sthApana kiyA hai| ajIva ke bheda-mUrtikatva-amUrtikatva, astikAyatva-anastikAyatva

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IL anekAnta 66/4, akTUbara-disambara 2013 ajIva dravya ko pA~ca bhAgoM meM vibhakta kiyA gayA hai- pudgala dravya, dharmadravya, adharma dravya, AkAza dravya aura kAla dravya / ina pAMca ajIva dravyoM meM pudgala dravya mUrtika hai tathA anya cAra dravya amUrtika hai / jo padArtha indriyoM dvArA chUkara, cakhakara, sU~ghakara, dekhakara yA sunakara jAnA jA sakatA hai, use mUrtika kahate haiM aura jo indriyoM dvArA nahIM jAne jA sakate haiM, unheM amUrtika kahate haiN| 8 jIva aura kAladravya ko chor3akara zeSa cAra ajIva padArtha dharma, adharma, AkAza evaM pudgala pAMcoM astikAya kahalAte haiN| kyoMki inameM sattA ke sAtha bahupradezatva guNa bhI pAyA jAtA hai| kAla dravya meM bahupradezatva kA guNa nahIM pAyA jAtA hai, ataH use anastikAya kahA gayA hai| niyamasAra meM kahA gayA hai 'ede chaddavvANi ya kAlaM mottUNa atthikAyatti / NiddaTThA jiNasamaye kAyA hu bahupadesattaM / / '13 arthAt ina chaha dravyoM meM kAla ko chor3akara zeSa ko jinAgama meM astikAya kahA gayA hai| kyoMki bahupradezI honA hI kAya hai| 'kAlazca' sUtra kI vyAkhyA meM AcArya pUjyapAda ne eka prazna upasthita karate hue kahA hai ki kAla dravya ko alaga se kyoM kahA hai? jahA~ dharmAdi dravyoM kA kathana kiyA hai, vahIM para isakA kathanA karanA thaa| isase prathama sUtra kA rUpa ho jAtA - 'dharmAdharmAkAzakAlapudgalAH / ' aisI zaMkA karanA ThIka nahIM hai| kyoMki vahA~ para yadi kAla kA kathana karate to ise kAyapanA prApta ho jAtA hai| parantu kAla dravya meM mukhya aura upacAra donoM prakAra se pradeza pracaya kI kalpanA kA abhAva hai, ataH vaha kAyavAn nahIM hai / 14 dharma evaM adharma dravya meM asaMkhyAta pradeza haiM, AkAza maM ananta pradeza hai aura pudgala meM saMkhyAt, asaMkhyAta aura ananta pradeza haiN|" ye cAroM ajIva dravya bahupradezI hone se astikAya hai / kAla meM eka hI pradeza hai, isalie kAla astikAya nahIM hai| isIlie use anastikAya kahA gayA hai| AcArya vidyAnandi svAmI likhate haiM-'kAyA iva kAyAH pradezabAhulyAt kaalaannuvdnnumaatrtvaabhaat| tato viziSTAH paJcaivAstikAyA iti vacanAt / 6 arthAt'ajIvakAyAH'meM jo kAya zabda kA prayoga kiyA gayA hai, usameM upamA artha chipA huA hai / jisa prakAra zarIrapudgaloM ke piNDa hote haiM, usI prakAra dharma Adi anya ajIva dravyoM meM bhI pradezoM ke piNDa hote haiN| ataH ve kAyavAn haiM / pudgala, dharma, adharma aura AkAza

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anekAnta 66/4, akTUbara-disambara 2013 yecAra ajIva dravya kAlANuoM ke samAna ekapradezI aNusvarUpa nahI hai| ataeva jIva tathA pudgala, dharma, adharma evaM AkAza ye cAra ajIva pAMca ko Agama meM astikAya kahA gayA hai| vaizeSikamAnya ajIva dravya samIkSAH vaizeSika pRthivI, jala, agni, vAyu, AkAza, kAla, dizA, AtmA aura mana ye nau dravya mAnate haiN| inameM AtmA se bhinna ATha ajIva dravya haiN|aacaary vidyAnandi svAmI kA kahanA hai ki pRthivI Adi ATha bheda rUpa ajIva dravya mAnanA yuktisaMgata nahIM hai|kyoNki pRthivI, jala, agni, vAyu aura mana ye pAMca svataMtra dravya nahIM haiM, apitye pudgala dravya kI vizeSa paryAyeM haiN| inheM paMcAvayava anumAna dvArA siddha kiyA jA sakatA hai|8 yathA - sAdhya (pratijJA) - pRthivyAdayaH pudgalaparyAyA ev| (pRthivI Adi pudgala kI paryAyeM hI haiN|) hetu - bhedsNghaataabhyaamutpdymaantvaat| (bheda aura saMghAta se utpanna hone ke kaarnn|) dRSTAnta - ye tu na pudgalaparyAyAste na tathA daSTAH ythaakaashaadyH| (jo padagala kI paryAyeM nahIM haiM,ve bheda aura saMghAta se utpanna nahIM dekhe jAte haiN| yathA-AkAza aadi| upanaya - bhedasaMghAtAbhyAmutpadyamAnAzca pRthivyaadyH| (pRthivI Adi bheda aura saMghAta se utpadyamAna haiN|) nigamana - iti na tato jaatyntrm| (isalie ve pudgala se bhinna jAti ke anya dravya nahIM haiN|) zabda bhI pudgala kI paryAya hai, koI guNa nahIM hai: pRthivI Adi pudgala kI paryAyeM haiM, yaha bAta ukta paMcAyavava anumAna dvArA siddha kiyA jA cukA hai|vaishessikoN kA kahanA hai ki ukta anumAna meM anaikAntika hetvAbhAsa hai, kyoMki hetu vyabhicAra doSa yukta hai| vyabhicAra doSa vAlA hetu anaikAntika kahalAtA hai| yaha hetu zabda guNa meM vyabhicarita hai|vaishessik darzana kI mAnyatA hai ki zabda pudgala kI paryAya nahIM hai| vibhAga aura saMyoga se zabda guNa kI utpatti hotI hai|khaa bhI gayA hai-'saMyogAdivibhAgAcca shbdnisspttiH|20 bA~sa ko yA kapar3e ko phAr3ate samaya vibhAga se tathA lohA, kAMsA Adi ko pITate samaya saMyoga se zabda utpanna hotA hai| ataH jainoM kA hetu

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10 anekAnta 66/4, akTUbara-disambara 2013 'bhedasaMghAtAbhyAmutpadyamAnatvAt' anaikAntika hone se isa sAdhya kI siddhi nahIM kara pAtA hai ki pRthivI Adi pudgala kI paryAyeM hI haiN| AcArya vidyAnandi svAmI kA kahanA hai ki zabda guNa nahI hai, apitu vaha bhI pudgala hI paryAya hI hai| yadizabda ko pudgala kI paryAya nahIM mAnA jAyegA to bAhya zrotra indriya dvArA zabda ke grahaNa karane kI yogyatA kA abhAva ho jaayegaa| kyoMki sabhI bAhya zrotra indriyA~ pudgala kI paryAyoM ko hI jAnatI haiN| hetu meM kahe gaye bheda kA artha kevala vibhAga nahI hai, apitu pudgala piNDa svarUpaskandha ke nivAraNa ko bhI bheda kahA jAtA hai| isI prakAra saMghAta kA artha bhI kevala saMyoga nahI hai, apitu miTTI ke piNDa Adi ke skandhabhUta pariNAmako saMghAta kahA jAtA hai| ataH Tukar3e ho jAne yA unake mila jAne ko sthUla rUpa se bheda aura saMghAta kahA gayA hai| jo jJAnAdi pudgala kI paryAyeM nahIM hai, ve bheda aura saMghAta se utpanna nahIM hai|atH pudgala kI paryAyoM meM bhedasaMghAta se utpadyamAna honA anaikAntika hetvAbhAsa nahIM hai| yahaHzabda bhI pudgala kI paryAya hai, ataH zabda bhI bheda-saMghAta se utpanna hotA hai| dizA svataMtra dravya nahIM hai, AkAza meM antarbhUta haiH vaizeSika-mAnya nau dravyoM meM dizA ko eka svatantra dravyamAnA gayA hai| isa saMdarbha meM AcArya vidyAnandi svAmI kA kahanA hai - 'dizo'pi nAtropasaMkhyAnaM kAryamAkAze'ntarbhAvAttato drvyaantrtvaaprsiddheH| arthAt dravyoM meM dizA nAmaka svataMtra dravyakA upasaMkhyAna nahIM karanA caahie|kyoNki usakA AkAza nAmaka dravya meM hI antarbhAva ho jAtA hai| ataH dizA ke AkAza se bhinnadravyapane kI siddhi nahIM hotI hai| isa prakAra vAstava meM dizA AkAza ke atirikta koI bhinna guNa-paryAya vAlA dravya nahIM hai|suuryody Adike kAraNa pUrva AdidizAoM kA vyavahAra prasiddha hai| ataH usakA AkAza meM antarbhAva AsAnI se ho jAtA hai| uparyukta vivecana se siddha hotA hai ki ajIva pA~ca hI dravya haiM, vaizeSikoM dvArA mAnya Atmabhinna ATha ajIva dravyoM kI mAnyatA ayaktika hai| kramazaH agale aMka meM adhyakSa, saMskRta vibhAga, esa.DI. (pI.jI.) kAleja, mujaphpharanagara (u.pra.) kra 1 se 22 taka ke sandarbha (agale aMka 67/1 meM dekheM)

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jaina-saMskRti kA mukuTa-maNi-karnATaka evaM usakI kucha yazasvinI zrAvikAe~ pro. (DaoN.) zrImatI vidyAvatI jaina karnATaka-pradeza, bhAratIya saMskRti ke liye, yugoM-yugoM se, eka triveNI-saMgama ke samAna rahA hai| bhAratIya-bhUmaNDala ke tIrthayAtrI apanI tIrthayAtrA ke krama meM yadi usakI caraNa-raja-vandana karane ke lie vahA~ na pahu~ca sakeM, to unakI tIrthayAtrA adhUrI hI mAnI jaayegii|jain-sNskRti, sAhitya evaM itihAsa se yadi karnATaka ko nikAla diyA jAe, to sthiti bahuta kucha vaisI hI hogI, jaise bhArata ke itihAsa se magadha evaM videha ko nikAla diyA jAe, yadi dakSiNa itihAsa se gaMga, rASTrakUTa, gaMga, cera, cola, pallava evaM cAlukyoM ko nikAla diyA jAe, to sthiti kucha vaisI hI hogI, jaise magadha se nandoM, mauryo, evaM guptoM tathA dillI evaM gopAcala se cauhAnoM evaM tomaravaMzI rAjAoM ke itihAsa ko nikAla diyA jaae| dakSiNa-bhArata ke jaina-itihAsa se yadi pAvana-nagarI-zravaNabelagola ko nikAla diyA jAe, to usakI sthiti bhI vaisI hI hogI, jaisI, vaizAlI, campApurI, mandAragIri,rAjagRhI, ujjayinI,kauzAmbI evaMhastinApura ko jaina-purANa-sAhitya se nikAla diyA jaae|jain-itihaas evaM saMskRti kI ekatA, akhaNDatA tathA sarvAMgINatA ke lie, karnATaka kI ukta sabhI AyAmoM kI, samAna rUpa se sahabhAgitA evaM sahayoga rahatA AyA hai| inake atirikta bhI bhAratIya-itihAsa kI nirmANa-sAmagrI meM se yadi karnATaka kI zilAlekhIya evaM prazastimUlaka-sAmagrI tathA kalAkRtiyoM ko nikAla diyA jAe, to sthiti ThIka vaisI hI hogI, jaise samrATa azoka evaM samrATa khAravela kI zilAlekhIya, purAtAttvika evaM aitihAsika-sampadA ko bhAratIya-itihAsa se nikAla diyA jaae|

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anekAnta 66/4, akTUbara-disambara 2013 ____ isI prakAra, madhyakAlIna bhAratIya sAmAjika itihAsa meM se yadi karnATaka kI yazasvinI zrAvikAoM ke itihAsa ko upekSita kara diyA jAe, to bhArata kA sAmAjika itihAsa nizcaya hI vikalAMga ho jaaegaa| viduSI kaviyitrI kantI devI kaviyitrI kantI-devI (san ke 1140 ke lagabhaga) una viduSI lekhikAoM meM se hai, jinake sAhitya evaM samAja ke kSetra meM bahuAyAmI kArya to kiye, kintu yaza kI kAmanA usane kabhI nahIM kii|jo kucha bhI kArya usane kiye, saba kucha nispRha-bhAva se| kannar3a mahAkavi bAhubalI (san 1560) ne apane 'nAgakumAra-carita' meM usakI daivI-pratibhA tathA ojasvI vyakti kI carcA kI hai aura batalAyA hai ki vaha dvAra-samudra (dora-samudra) ke rAjA ballAla dvitIya kI vidvatsabhA kI sammAnita kaviyitrI thii|baahublii ne usake liye vidvatsabhA kI maMgala-lakSmI,zubhaguNacaritA, abhinava-vAgdevI jaisI aneka prazastiyoM se sammAnita kara usakI guNa-garimA kI prazaMsA kI hai| ina saMdarbho se yaha spaSTa hai ki kantI ukta ballArAya kI rAjya-sabhA kI guNa-gariSThA sadasyA thii| ___ mahAkavi devacandra ne apanI rAjAvalikathe' meM kantI viSayaka eka rocaka ghaTanA kA citraNa kiyA hai| usake anusAra dorarAya ne dorasamudra nAma ke eka vizAla jalAzayakA nirmANa karAyA tathA eka brAhmaNakulIna dharmacandra ko apane maMtrI ke pada para niyukta kara liyA thaa| usa maMtrI kA putra vahIM zikSaka kA kArya karane lgaa| usakI vizeSatA yaha thI ki vaha jyotiSmatI nAmakI eka viziSTa tailauSadhi kA nirmANa karatA thA,jo buddhivardhaka thii|vh mandabuddhi vAloM kI buddhi bar3hAne ke liye eka khurAka meM yadyapi kevala AdhI-AdhI bUMda hI detA thA, lekina loga usakA sAkSAt prabhAva dekhakara Azcaryacakita kara jAte the| ___ kantIdevI bhI usa auSadhi kA sevana karatI thii| eka dina avasara pAkara tatkAla hI tIvra-buddhimatI banane ke uddezya se usane eka bAra meM usa davA kA adhika mAtrA meM pAna kara liyaa|adhik mAtrA ho jAne ke kAraNa usake zarIra meM itanI dAha utpanna huI ki use zAnta karane ke lie vaha daur3akara kue~ meM kUda pdd'ii|kuaaN adhika gaharA na thaa|atH vaha usI meM khar3I rhiiN| usI samaya usameM kavitva-zakti kA prasphuraNa huA aura tAra-svara se vaha svanirmita kavitAoM kA pATha karane lgii| usakI kavitAe~ sunakara sabhI prasanna ho utthe|

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anekAnta 66/4, akTUbara-disambara 2013 13 rAjA dorarAya ko jaba yaha sUcanA milI, to unhoMne apane parama-vizvasta, udayabhASA-cakravartI abhinava-pampa ko usakI parIkSA lene hetu usake pAsa bhejaa| vahA~ jAkara pampa ne usase jitane bhI kavitva-maya prazna kiye,kantI ne una sabhI kA saTIka uttara dekara pampa ko vismita kara diyaa|dorraay ne yaha sunakara tathA usakI alaukika kAvya-pratibhA se prasanna hokara use tatkAla hI apanI vidvatsabhAkA sadasya ghoSita kiyA tathA use 'abhinava-vAgdevI' ke alaMkaraNa se alaMkRta kiyaa|prsiddh itihAsakAra DaoN.Ara. narasiMhAcArya kI mAnyatA ke anusAra ukta dorarAya kA aparanAma hI ballAla thA aura usakI rAjya-sabhA meM mahAkavi abhinava pampa,kantI Adi prasiddha kaviyatriyoM kA jamaghaTa rahatA thaa| kantI kI zrRMkhalAbaddha racanAe~ vartamAna meM anupalabdha haiN| kantI-pampana samasyegaluisa nAma se kucha prakIrNaka padya avazya milate haiN| unheM dekhakara yaha vidita hotA hai ki samasyA-pUrti karane meM vaha usI prakAra nipuNa thI, jisa prakAra kI campA-nareza koTibhaTTa zrIpAla kI mahArAnI (aura ujjayini-nareza rAjA puhipAla kI putrI-rAjakumArI) mainaasundrii| kahA jAtA hai ki abhinava-pampa evaM kantI meM prAyaHhI vAda-vivAda calatA rahatA thA kintu vaha pampa se na to kabhI hAra mAnane ko taiyAra rahatI thI aura navaha kabhI usakI prazaMsA hI karatI thI, yadyapi bhItara se Adara kA bhAva avazya rakhatI thii| eka dina pampa ne pratijJA kI ki vaha kantI se apanI prazaMsA karAkara hI rhegaa|atH avasara pAkara kantI ke pAsa jhUTha-mUTha meM hI usane apanI mRtyu kA samAcAra bhijavA diyaa| isa duHkhada samAcAra ko sunakara kuntI bar3I duHkhI huii|turnt hI vaha unake AvAsa para pahu~cI aura vahIM daravAje ke hI bAhara baiThakara vaha rudana karane lagI aura kahane lagI-he kavirAya, he kavi pitAmaha, he kavikaNThAbharaNa, he kavi zikhAmaNi, kArya, aba mere jIvana kI sArthakatA hI kyA rahI? jaba mere guNoM kI prazaMsA karane vAlA hI saMsAra se uTha gyaa|abhinv-pmp jaise mahAkavi se hI darabAra kI zobhA thii|unkaa kAvya-suSamA ke sAtha-sAtha merA bhI kucha vikAsa ho rahA thaa|thodd'ii hI dera meM pampa haMsatA huA bAhara AyA aura kantI se bolA ki-he priya kaviyitrI, Aja merA praNa pUrA ho gayA hai kyoMki tumane mere ghara para Akara merI prazaMsA kI hai|kintu dhanya hai vaha kantI, jo nArAja hone ke badale unheM apane sammukha sAkSAt dekhakara praphallita ho utthii|

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anekAnta 66/4, akTUbara-disambara 2013 kannar3a-sAhitya ke prakANDa vidvAn paM. ke. bhujabalI zAstrI ke anusAra "kantI pampana samasyegalu" ina nAma ke jo bhI padya vartamAna meM upalabdha hote haiM, ve sAhitya kI dRSTi se atyanta sundara haiN| yahA~ para unameM se kevala eka padya, jo ki niroSThya-kAvya kA udAharaNa hai, prastuta kiyA jA rahA hai - "sura nagara naagaadhiishr| hiirkiriittaagrlgncrnnsrojaa| dhiirodaarcritrotsaaritklussaudhrkssislkrinaaN"|| dAna-cintAmaNi attimavvemahAsatI zrAvikA attimavve(10vIM sadI) na kevala karnATaka kI,apitu samasta mahilA-jagat ke gaurava kI pratIka hai|11viiN sadI ke prAraMbha ke upalabdha zilAlekhoM ke anusAra yaha vIrAMganA dakSiNa-bhArata tathA mahAdaNDanAyaka vIra nAgadeva kI dharmapatnI thii|uskeshiil, pAtivratya evaM vaiduSya ke kAraNa svayaM samrATa bhI usake prati pUjya-dRSTi rakhate the| kahA jAtA hai ki apane akhaNDa pAtivratya-dharma aura jinendra-bhakti meM aDiga-AsthA ke phalasvarUpa usane godAvarI nadI meM AI huI pralayaMkArI bAr3ha ke prakopa ko bhI zAnta kara diyA thA aura usameM phaMse huai saikar3oM vIra-sainikoM evaM apane pati daNDanAyaka nAgadeva ko vaha surakSita vApisa le AI thii| kavi cakravartI ratna (ratnAkara) ne apane ajitanAthapurANa kI racanA attimavve ke Agraha se usI ke Azraya meM rahakara kI thii| mahAkavi ranna ne usakI udAharatApUrNa dAna-vRtti, sAhityakAroM ke prati vAtsalya-prema, jinavANI-bhakti,niraticAra-zIlavrata evaMsAtvika-sadAcAra kI bhUri-bhUri prazaMsA kI hai aura use 'dAna-ciMtAmaNi' kI upAdhi se vibhUSita kiyA hai| ___ attimavve svayaM to viduSI thI hI, usane kucha navIna-kAvyoM kI racanA ke sAtha hI prAcInajIrNa-zIrNatADapatrIya pANDulipiyoM ke uddhAra kI ora bhI vizeSa dhyAna diyaa|usne ubhaya-bhASA-cakravartImahAkavi ponnakRta zAntinAtha-purANa' kI pANDulipikI1000 pratilipiyoMkarAkara vibhinna zAstra-bhaNDAroM meM vitarita karAI thiiN|in satkAryoMke atirikta bhI usane vibhinna jinAlayoM meM pUjA-arcanA hetu pracura-mAtrA meM bhUdAna kiyA aura sarvatra caturvidha dAnazAlAe~ bhI khulavAI thiiN|

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anekAnta 66/4, akTUbara-disambara 2013 vIrAMganA sAviyavve - vIrAMganA sAviyavve zrAvaka-ziromaNi, vIramArtaNDa,mahAsenApati cAmuNDarAya (10vIM sadI) kI samakAlIna thii| usake pati kA nAma lokavidyAdhara thA, jo bar3A hI vIra evaM parAkramI thaa|vh gaMga-nareza raksasaMga kA bhAnajA thaa|saaviyvve ko chuTapana se hI raNa-vidyA kI zikSA dI gaI thii| usameM vaha bar3I kuzala siddha huii|apnii isI vizeSatA ke kAraNa digvijayI jaina-samrATa khAravela kI mahArAnI sindhulA ke samAna hI, eka ora to vaha apane pati ke sAtha vIratA-pUrvaka yuddha kA sAtha detI thI aura dUsarI ora atirikta samayoM meM vaha naiSThika zrAvikA-vratAcAra kA pAlana bhI karatI thii| zravaNabelagola kI bAhubali-basati ke pUrva kI ora eka pASANa meM TaMkita lekha meM isa vIrAMganA ko revatI-rAnI jaisI pakkI zrAvikA,sItA jaisI pativratA, devakI jaisI rUpavatI, arundhatI jaisI dharma-priyA aura jinendra-bhakta batalAyA gayA hai| usI prastara meM eka anya dRzya bhI utkIrNita hai, jisameM isa vIra mahilA ko ghor3e para savAra dikhalAte hue hAtha meM talavAra uThAe, apane sammukha Ate huye hAthI para savAra eka yoddhA para prahAra karate huye citrita kiyA gayA hai| ghaTanA-sthala kA nAma bageyUra likhA huA hai| bahuta sambhava hai ki yaha begayUra vahIdurga ho, jisa para AkramaNa karake mahAsenApati cAmuNDarAya ne rAjA tribhuvana vIra ko yuddha meM mArakara bairikulakAlaMdaNDa kA viruddha prApta kiyA thaa| bahuta sambhava hai ki isI yuddha meM loka-vidyAdhara aura usakI vIrAMganA patnI-sAviyabve bhI cAmuNDarAya kI ora yuddha meM sammilita hue hoM? dRr3ha-saMkalpI-mAtA-kAlala-devIH karnATaka ko dakSiNAMcala kI atizaya-tIrthabhUmi-zravaNabelagolA ke nirmANa kA zreya jina yazasvinI mahimAmayI mahilAoM ko diyA gayA hai, unameM prAtaH smaraNIyA tIrthasvarUpA mAtA kAlala devI (10vIM sadI) kA sthAna sarvopari hai| yaha vahI sannArI hai, jisane pUrvajanma meM sukarma kiye the aura phalasvarUpa vIra parAkramI raNadhurandhara senApati cAmuNDArAya jaise devopama zrAvakaziromaNi putraratna kI mA~ banane kA saubhAgya prApta kiyA thaa| ___ vaha pratidina zAstra-svAdhyAya ke lie dRr3ha-pratijJA thii|usne eka dina apane gurudeva AcArya ajitasena ke dvArA AdipurANa meM varNita podanapurAdhIza-bAhubalI

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anekAnta 66/4, akTUbara-disambara 2013 kI 525 dhanuSa uttuMga haritvarNIya pannA kI bhavya-mUrti kA varNana sunA to vaha bhAva-vibhora ho utthii| isakI carcA usane apane AjJAkArI putracAmuNDarAya se kI aura usake darzanoM kI icchA vyakta kI,tovaha bhI apane hajAra kArya chor3akara apanI mAtA kI manobhilASA pUrNa karane hetu apane gurudeva si.ca.nemicandra ke sAtha usa maMgala-mUrti kA darzana karane ke lie takSazilA(vartamAna meM pAkistAna meM sthita) ke pAsa podanapura kI yAtrA ke liye nikala pdd'aa| yAtrA kAphI lambI thii| calate-calate ve sabhI kaTavapra ke eka bIhar3a vana meM rAtri vizrAma ke liye viramita ho ge| rAtri ke antima pahara meM una tInoM ne eka-sadRza svapna dekhA ki jisameM devI unheM kaha rahI hai ki "jahA~ tuma loga vizrAma kara rahe ho, usI ke sAmane vAlI pahAr3I ke zikharAgrapara eka abhimantrita zara-sandhAna kro|vhiiN se tumheM bAhubali ke darzana ho jaayeNge| "prAtaHkAla hote hI dhanurdhArIcAmuNDarAya ne apane sAmane kI pahAr3I (vindhyagiri) kI zaila-zilA para NamokAra-mantra kA uccAraNa kara zara-sandhAna kiyA aura aisI anuzruti hai ki bANalagate hI patthara kI parateMTUTakara girI aura usameM se gommaTeza-bAhubalI kAzIrSabhAga spaSTa dikhAI dene lgaa|baad meM usI zilA ko arihaneminebAhubalI kI mUrti kA rUpa pradAna kiyaa| dhanya hai, vaha mAtA kAlala devI, jisake dRr3ha-saMkalpa aura mahatI preraNA se vizva-vizruta, rUpa-zilpa aura mUrti-vijJAna kI advitIya ukta kalAkRti ko vIra senApati cAmuNDarAya ne nirmApita kraayaa| usa saumya, suDaula, AkarSaka evaM bhavya-mUrti ko dekhakara kevala jinabhakta hI nahIM, sArA vizva bhI abhibhUta hai tathA usakA darzana kara usakI atizaya bhavyatA evaM sauMdarya para Azcaryacakita rahA jAtA hai| ise vizva kA AThavA~ Azcarya mAnA gayA hai| dharma-parAyaNa ajitAdevIH pUrvajanma ke susaMskAroM ke sAtha-sAtha mahilA meM yadi dharmaparAyaNatA evaM pati-parAyaNatA kA mizraNa ho jAye, to mahilA ke jisa antarbAhya zIla-saundarya-samanvita-svarUpakA vikAsa hotA hai. usIkA carama vikasita rUpa thA ajitAdevI (10vIM sadI) kA mahAn vyktittv| vaha gaMga-nareza ke mahAmaMtrI evaM pradhAna senApati vIravara cAmuNDarAya kI dharmapatnI thii|vh jitanI patiparAyaNA thI, utanI hI dharmaparAyaNa bhii|uske pati

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anekAnta 66/4, akTUbara-disambara 2013 17 cAmuNDarAya jaba-jaba prajAhita athavA rASTra-surakSA ke kAryoM ko saMpanna karane hetu bAhara rahate the, taba-taba unake AMtarika kAryoM kI nigarAnI kI jimmedArI unhIM kI rahatI thii| kahate haiM ki jisa samaya zilpI-samrATa arihanemi, akhaNDa-brahmacarya-vrata dhAraNa kara aharniza bAhubalI-gommaTeza kI mUrti ke nirmANa meM saMlagna thA, taba ajitAdevI usakI tathA usake parivAra kI suvidhAoM kA bar3A dhyAna rakhatI thii|jb taka usa mUrti kA nirmANa kArya pUrNa saMpanna nahIM huA, taba taka vaha svayaM bhI usa kArya kI samApti paryanta vratAcaraNa, tapa evaM svAdhyAya pUrvaka apane dina vyatIta karatI rahI aura jaba mUrti-nirmANa kA kArya pUrNa huA, to bhakti-vibhora hokara usane sarvaprathama devAlaya-parisara svayaM sApha kiyA, dhoyA-poMchA, aura deva-darzana kara arihanemi tathA usake parivAra ke prati AbhAra vyakta kiyA aura apanI sAsu-mAtA ke pAsa jAkara gadgada-vANI meM harSotphulla netroM se unheM usakI sukhada sUcanA dii| tIrtha-bhaktA gullikAjjayI - niSkAma-bhakti meM kRtrima pradarzana nahIM, balki mana kI RjutA, kaSTasahiSNutA evaM svAtma-santoSa kI jIvana-vRtti paramAvazyaka hai| vaibhava-pradarzana meM to mAna-kaSAya kI bhAvanA kA pratyakSa athavA parokSa rUpa meM antarnihita rahanA svAbhAvika hai aura isakA sarvazreSTha udAharaNa hai, paramazreSTha gommaTeza kI mUrti ke prathama mahAmastakAbhiSeka ke samaya kI vaha ghaTanA, jaba vIravara cAmuNDarAya ne kezana-yukta zuddha dugdha ke ghar3oM ke ghar3e gommaTeza ke mahAmastaka para ur3ela diye kintu vaha unakI kamara se nIce taka na A skaa| paNDita, mahApaNDita, sAdhu, muni,AcArya upasthita rAjAgaNa Adi sabhI Azcaryacakita,aneka upAya kiye gaye ki mahAmastakAbhiSeka sarvAgINa ho, kintu sabhI ke prayatna asaphala evaM sabhI loga nirAza evaM udAsa, aba kyA ho? kisI kI bhI samajha meM nahIM A rahA thA ki Akhira zubha-kArya meM vaha vighna kyoM? yaha kaSTadAyI upasarga kyoM? ___ sabhI kI ghora-maMtraNA huii| dera taka Akula-vyAkula hote huye sabhI ne yaha nirNaya kiyA ki Aja upasthita sabhI bhavyajanoM ko abhiSeka kA avasara pradAna kiyA jaay| jo bhI cAhe, maMca para Akara mahAmastakAbhiSeka kara le|

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anekAnta 66/4, akTUbara-disambara 2013 bhIr3a meM sabase pIche sAmAnya dhUmila vastra dhAraNa kiye hue eka daridra vRddhA, jo bar3I umaMga ke sAtha abhiSeka karane AI thI kintu bhIr3a dekhakara vaha pIche hI raha gaI thI, usa ghoSaNA se use bhI abhiSeka kA suavasara mila gyaa| usake pAsa mUlyavAn dhAtukA ghar3A nahIM, kevala ekanAriyalamAtra thaa|ttirkte-ttirkte maMca para pahu~cI aura niSkAma-bhakti ke Aveza meM bharakara jaise hI usane nArikela-jala se parama ArAdhya bAhubalI kA bhaktibhAva se abhiSeka kiyA, usase vaha mUrti ApAda-mastaka sarAbora ho gii| yaha dekhakara sarvatra jaya-jayakAra hone lgaa| harSonmatta hokara nara-nArIgaNa nRtya karane lge| ___cAmuNDarAya ne usI samaya apanI galatI kA anubhava kiyA aura socane lagA ki sacamuca hI majhe,sundaratama mUrti- nirmANa tathA usake mahAmastakAbhiSeka meM agragAmI rahane tathA kalpanAtIta sammAna milane ke kAraNa abhimAna ho gayA thaa|usii kA yaha phala hai ki sabake Age mujhe apamAnita honA par3A hai| itihAsa meM isa ghaTanA kI carcA avazya AyegI aura mere isa ahaMkAra ko bhAvI pIr3hI avazya kosegii| usI samaya cAmuNDarAya kA ahaMkAra vigalita ho gyaa| vaha mAtA gullikAjjayI ke pAsa gyaa| vinamra-bhAva se usake caraNa-sparza kiye, usakI bar3I sarAhanA kI aura usakI yazogAthA ko sthAyI banAye rakhane ke lie usane A~gana ke bAhara, gommaTeza ke ThIka sAmane usakI mUrti sthApita karA dii| yahI nahIM,gommaTeza kI mUrti ke darzanoM ke lie darzanArthI-gaNa jaba jAne lagate haiM, taba prAraMbha meM hI jo praveza-dvAra banavAyA gayA, usakA nAmakaraNa bhI usI bhakta-mahilA kI smRti ko akSuNNa banAye rakhane ke lie usakA nAma rakhA gayA - "gullikAjjayI bAgula" arthAt beMganabAI kA drvaajaa| ___ usa dina cAmuNDarAya ne prathama bAra yaha anubhava kiyA ki pracura-mAtrA meM dhana-vyaya, aTUTa-vaibhava evaM samprabhutA ke kAraNa utpanna ahaMkAra ke sAtha mahAmastakAbhiSeka ke liye prayukta svarNakalaza bhI, sahaja-svAbhAvika, niSkAma-bhaktiyukta eka nareTI bhara nArikela-jala ke sammukha tuccha hai| yaha bhI anuzruti hai ki vaha gullikAjjayI mahilA, mahilA nahIM, balki usa rUpa meM kuSmANDinI devI hI cAmuNDarAya kI parIkSA lene aura use nirahaMkArI banane kI sIkha dene ke liye hI vahA~ AI thii|

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anekAnta 66/4, akTUbara-disambara 2013 viduSI ratna pampAdevI - hummaca ke san 1147 I.ke eka zilAlekha meM viduSI pampAdevI kA bar3e hI Adara ke sAtha gaNagAna kiyA gayA hai| usake anasAra vaha gaMga-nareza tailapa tatIya kI suputrI tathA vikramAditya zAntara kI bar3I bahina thii| usake dvArA nirmApita evaM citrita aneka caityAlayoM ke kAraNa usakI yazogAthA kA sarvatra gAna hotA rahatA thaa| usake dvArA Ayojita jina-dharmotsavoM ke bherI-nAdoM se dig-diganta gUMjate rahate the tathA jinendra kI dhvajAoM se AkAza AcchAdita rahatA thaa| kannar3a ke mahAkaviyoM ne usake caritra-citraNa ke prasaMga meM kahA hai kiAdinAthacarita kA zravaNa hI pampAdevI ke karNaphUla, caturvidha-dAna hI usake hasta-kaMkaNa tathA jina-stavana hI usakA kaNThahAra thaa|is puNyacaritrA viduSI mahilA na ubvitilaka-jinAlaya kA nirmANa chane hue prAzuka-janase kevala eka mAsa ke bhItara karAkara use bar3I hI dhUmadhAma ke sAtha pratiSThita karAyA thaa| ___ pampAdevI svayaMpaNDitA thii|usne aSTavidhArcana-mahAbhiSeka evaM caturbhakti nAmaka do granthoM kI racanA bhI kI thii| paTTAnI zAntalAdevIzravaNabelagolA ke eka zilAlekha meM hoyasala-vaMzI nareza viSNuvarddhana kI paTTAnI zAntalAdevI (12vIM sadI) kA ullekha bar3e hI Adara ke sAtha kiyA gayA hai|vh pati-parAyaNA, dharma-parAyaNA aura jinendra-bhakti meM agraNI mahilA ke rUpa meM vikhyAta thii| saMgIta, vAdya-vAdana evaM nRtyakalA meM bhI vaha niSNAta thii| AcArya prabhAcandra siddhAntadeva isake guru the| __ zAntalAdevI ne zravaNabelagola kecandragiri ke zikhara para eka atyanta sundara evaM vizAla jinAlaya kA nirmANa karavAyA thA, jisakA nAma "savati-gandhavAraNa-vasati' rakhA gyaa| savatigandhavAraNa kA artha hai- sautoM (savati) ke liye matta haathii| yaha zAntalAdevI kA eka upanAma bhI thaa| isa jinAlaya meM san 1122 I. ke lagabhaga bhagavAn zAntinAtha kI manojJa pratimA sthApita kI gaI thii| - bI-5/40sI, saikTara-34, dhavalagiri, posTa- noeDA (u.pra.) 201307

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jainadarzana meM 'saMzaya' kA svarUpa pro. (DaoN.) vIrasAgara jaina saMzaya darzanazAstra kA eka pramukha viSaya hai| bhAratIya evaM pAzcAtya-sabhI darzanoM meM 'saMzaya' ke sambandha meM sUkSma cintana huA hai| yahA~ 'saMzaya' ke sambandha meM jainadarzana kI avadhAraNA ko prastuta karane kA saMkSipta prayAsa kiyA jAtA hai| saMzaya ke sambandha meM jainAcAryoM ne sarvaprathama to una tattvopaplavavAdiyoM kA nirAkaraNa kiyA hai jo saMzaya kI sattA hI nahIM mAnate, usakA sarvathA uccheda karate haiN| isa prakaraNa kA sundara evaM vistRta vivecana AcArya prabhAcandra ke 'prameyakamalamArtaNDa' nAmaka suprasiddha nyAya-grantha meM upalabdha hotA hai jisakA sArAMza saMkSepa meM isa prakAra hai - ___ "pUrvapakSa-saMzayAdijJAna koI hai hI nahIM, phira Apa jaina vyavasAyAtmaka' vizeSaNa dvArA kisakA khaNDana kareMge? Apa yaha batAiye ki saMzaya jJAna meM kyA jhalakatA hai - dharma yA dharmI? yadi dharmI jhalakatA hai to vaha satya hai yA asatya? yadi satya hai to usasatya dharmI ko grahaNa karane vAle jJAna meM saMzayapanA kaise huA? usane to satya vastu ko jAnA hai, jaise ki hAtha meM rakhI huI vastu kA jJAna satya hotA hai| yadi usa dharmI ko asatya mAno to asat jAnane vAle kezoNDuka jJAna kI taraha saMzaya to bhrAMtirUpa huA? yadi dUsarA pakSa mAnA jAya ki saMzayajJAna meM dharma jhalakatA hai, taba prazna hotA hai ki vaha dharma kA puruSatvarUpa hai athavA sthANutvarUpa hai athavA ubhayarUpa hai? yadi sthANutvarUpa hai to punaH prazna uThegA ki sat hai yA asat ? donoM meM pUrvokta doSa aaveNge| puruSatva dharma meM tathA ubhayarUpa dharma meM bhI vahI doSa Ate haiM, arthAt saMzayajJAna meM sthANutva, puruSatva athavA ubhayarUpatva jhalake, unameM hama vahI bAta pUchege ki vaha sthANutvAdi sat hai yA asat ? yadi sat hai to sat vastu ko batalAne vAlA jJAna jhUTha kaise? aura yadi vaha sthANutva dharma asat hai to vaha jJAna bhrAMtirUpa

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anekAnta 66/4, akTUbara-disambara 2013 bhI rahA? yadi kahA jAya ki eka dharma (sthANutva) sat hai aura eka (puruSatva) asat hai,taba vaha eka hI jJAna bhrAMta tathA abhrAMta do rUpa huA? yadi kahA jAya ki saMzaya meM saMdigdha padArtha hI jhalakatA hai to usa pakSa meM bhI vaha hai yA nahIM ityAdi prazna aura vahI doSa Ate haiM isalie saMzaya nAma kA koI jJAna nahIM hai| uttarapakSa (jaina)-tattvopaplavavAdI kA yaha kathana samIcIna nahIM hai,kyoMki saMzaya to pratyeka prANI ko calita pratibhAsa rUpa se apane Apa meM hI spaSTa samajha meM AtA hai|sNshy kA viSaya cAhe dharma ho cAhe dharmI, sat ho cAhe asat, itane vikalpoM se saMzaya kA bAlAgra bhI khaNDita nahIM kara sakate, kyoMki isa prakAra Apa pratyakSasiddha vastu kA bhI abhAva karane lagoge to sukha-duHkhAdikA bhI abhAva karanA cAhie? Azcarya kI bAta hai ki Apa svayaM hI isa saMzaya kA viSaya dharma hai yA dharmI, sat hai yA ast|is prakAra ke saMzayarUpI jhUle meM jhUla rahe ho aura phira bhI usI kA nirAkaraNa karate ho, so asvastha ho kyA? ___ kiJca - Apa utpAdaka kAraNa kA abhAva hone se, saMzaya ko nahIM mAnate ho yA usameM asAdhAraNa rUpa kA abhAva hone se athavA viSaya kA abhAva hone se saMzaya ko nahIM mAnate ho? prathama pakSa ayukta hai, dekho! saMzaya kA utpAdaka kAraNa maujUda hai|kis kAraNa se saMzaya paidA hotA hai so batAte haiM-prApta kiyA hai sthANutva aura puruSatva ke saMskArako jisane aisA vyakti jaba asamAna vizeSa dharma jo mastaka-hastAdika haiM tathA vakra-koTaratvAdi haiM unakA pratyakSa to nahIM kara rahA aura samAna dharma jo UrdhvatA Adi haiM unako dekha rahA hai taba usa vyakti ko aMtaraMga meM mithyAtva ke udaya hone para saMzaya jJAna paidA hotA hai|sNshy kA asAdhAraNa svarUpa kA abhAva bhI nahI hai, dekho! calita pratibhAsa honA yahI saMzaya kA asAdhAraNa svarUpa hai| viSaya kA abhAva bhI dUra se hI samApta hotA hai-sthANutva-viziSTa se athavA puruSa-viziSTa se jisakA avadhAraNa nahIM huA hai aisA UrdhvatA-sAmAnya hI saMzaya kA viSaya mAnA gayA hai, aura vaha maujUda hI hai|" ___ isa sambandha meM AcArya prabhAcandra ke apane mUla zabda bhI draSTavya haiM jahA~ unhoMne atyanta dRr3hatApUrvaka kahA hai ki saMzaya sarvajanasulabha evaM svAtmasaMvedya

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anekAnta 66/4, akTUbara-disambara 2013 hai, usakA bAla kI noka ke barAbara bhI khaNDana kisI ke dvArA nahIM kiyA jA sakatA "saMzaya sarvaprANinAM calitapratipattyAtmakatvena svaatmsNvedyH| saH dharmiviSayo vastu dharmaviSayo vA tAttvikAtAttvikakAryaviSayo vA kimebhirvikalpairasya bAlAgra mapi khaNDayituM zakyate ? pratyakSasiddhasyApyarthasvarUpasyApahnave sukhaduHkhAderapyapahnavaH syaat|" __ isa prakAra saMzaya kI sattA siddha karane ke bAda jainAcAryoM ne saMzaya ke svarUpa kA vicAra kiyA hai| jainAcAryoM ke anusAra saMzaya do prakAra kA hotA hai-1.jJAnAtmaka aura 2. shrddhaanaatmk|jnyaanaatmk saMzaya ko jJAna kA doSa yA mithyAjJAna bhI kahate haiM aura zraddhAnAtmaka saMzaya ko zraddhA kA doSa yA mithyAdarzana bhI kahate haiN| darzana-jagata meM mukhyatayA jJAnAtmaka saMzaya kI hIcarcA hotI hai|uupr kahI gaI 'prameyakamalamArtaNDa' kI carcA bhI mukhyataH jJAnAtmaka saMzaya kI hI carcA hai|jain-nyaay-grnthoN meM sarvaprathama pramANa-vicAra karate hue 'samyagjJAna' ko hI pramANa kA samIcIna lakSaNa mAnA gayA hai aura kahA gayA hai ki 'samyagjJAna' meM 'samyaka' pada kA prayoga saMzaya-viparyaya-anadhyavasAya rUpa mithyAjJAnoM kI nivRtti ke lie kiyA gayA hai| yathA- "atra samyakpadaM saMzayaviparyayAnadhyavasAyanirAsAya kriyate apraamnntvaadetessaaNjnyaanaanaamiti|"2 isake bAda vahA~ saMzaya, viparyaya evaM anadhyavasAya- ina tInoM mithyAjJAnoM kAsvarUpa isa prakAra spaSTa kiyA gayA hai-"viruddhAnekakoTisparzijJAnaMsaMzayaH, yathA sthANurvA purussoveti|sthaannupurusssaadhaarnnordhvtaadidhrmdrshnaattdvishesssy vkrkottishirHpaannyaadeHsaadhkprmaannbhaavaadnekkottyvlmbitvNjnyaansy| viparItaikakoTinizcayo viparyayaH, yathA zuktikAyAmidaMrajatamiti jnyaanm| atrApi sAdRzyAdinimittavazAcchuktiviparIte rajate nishcyH| kimityAlocanamAtra-manadhyavasAyaH, yathA pthigcchtstRnnsprshaadijnyaanm|idN hi nAnAkoTyavalambanAbhAvAnna sNshyH| viparItaikakoTinizcayAbhAvAnna viparyaya iti pRthgev|etaani ca svaviSayapramitijanakatvAbhAvAdapramANAni jJAnAni bhavanti, samyagjJAnAni tu na bhavantIti samyakpadena vyudsynte|"3

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anekAnta 66/4, akTUbara-disambara 2013 saMzaya, viparyaya, anadhyavasAya ko kahIM-kahIM saMzaya, vibhrama, moha zabdoM se bhI kahA hai yathA - "saMzaya vibhrama moha tyAga Apau lakhi liijai|" 'moha' ko bhI kahIM-kahIM 'vimoha' zabda se bhI kahA gayA hai| AcArya vidyAnanda svAmI ne vimoha yA anadhyavasAya ko avyutpatti' zabda se bhI kahA hai|5 AcArya mANikyanandI ko bhI anadhyavasAya ke lie 'avyutpatti' zabda iSTa rahA hai|ythaa-"sNdigdhviprystaavyutpnnaanaaN....." ___ kahane kA tAtparya hai ki moha, vimoha, avyutpatti aura anadhyavAya-ye sabhI paryAyavAcI haiN|sNshy, viparyaya,anadhyavAya-ina tInoMko jaina granthoM meM samAropa'zabda se bhI jAnA jAtA hai|jaisaaki parIkSAmukhasUtra' ke nimnalikhita sUtra meM kahA gayA hai- 'dRSTo'pi smaaropaattaadRk|' arthAt dekhA-jAnA huA artha bhI yadi 'samAropa' laga jAe to punaH apUrvArtha ho jAtA hai| yahA~ 'samAropa' zabda kA artha saMzaya-viparyaya-anadhyavasAya hai| isa prakAra saMzaya, viparyaya, anadhyavasAya kI carcA prAyaH sarvatra eka sAtha hI upalabdha hotI hai, parantu yahA~ hamArA prayojana mAtra 'saMzaya' kA hI svarUpa spaSTa karanA hai, viparyaya aura anadhyavasAya kI carcA pRthaka rUpa se phira kabhI kreNge| athavA use prameyakamalamArtaNDa, prameyaratnamAlA Adi granthoM se dekhanA caahie| saMzaya kA eka lakSaNa nyAyadIpikA' grantha se Upara uddhRta kiyA jA cukA hai| isI prakAra ke lakSaNa anya bhI aneka jaina granthoM meM upalabdha hote haiN| jinameM se katipaya pramukha lakSaNa isa prakAra hai - 1. "anekArthAnizcitAparyudAsAtmakaH sNshyH|8 2. "anavasthitakoTInAmekatra priklpnaam|shukti vA rajataM kiM vetyeva ___sNshiitilkssnnm|" 3. "saMzayo naamaanvdhaaritaarthjnyaanm| 10 4. "ekadharmikaviruddhanAnAdharmaprakArakaM jJAnaM hI sNshyH||11 dhyAtavya hai ki prAyaH loga aisA kahate haiM ki saMzaya do koTiyoM ko sparza karane vAlA hotA hai, parantu yahA~ do' yA ubhaya' pada kA prayoga nahIM kiyA gayA hai, balki aneka' pada kA prayoga kiyA hai| isase siddha hotA hai ki saMzaya meM

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anekAnta 66/4, akTUbara-disambara 2013 do hI koTiyoM kA sparza honA Avazyaka nahIM hai.do kA bhI ho sakatA hai aura do se adhika kA bhI ho sakatA hai| ___ isI prakAra kucha loga aisA bhI kahate haiM ki ina koTiyoM meM se eka satya hotI hai aura eka asty| parantu yahA~ aisA bhI kucha nahIM kahA gayA hai| isase jJAta hotA hai ki saMzayajJAna kI ye koTiyA~ sabakI saba asatya bhI ho sakatI haiN| yaha Avazyaka nahIM hai ki unameM eka satya hI ho| yaha bAta udAharaNa se bhI sahaja samajha meM AtI hai| yathA-kisI ko saMzaya hotA hai ki yaha sIpa hai yA caaNdii| yahA~ yaha ho sakatA hai ki vaha vastu donoM hI na ho, elyuminiyama, pannI Adi kucha aura hI camakIlI vastu ho| __ kintu yahA~ yaha bhI jJAtavya hai ki saMzayajJAna kI sabhI koTiyA~ asatya hote hue bhI sarvathA asatya(asat) nahIM hotI, una-una arthokIloka meM sattA avazya hotI hai,sarvathA asat vastu kA saMzaya nahIM hotaa| yahI kAraNa hai ki jainAcAryoM ne saMzaya ke dvArA bhI AtmA ke astitva kI siddhi kI hai| yathA"satyapi saMzaye tdaalmbnaadaatmsiddhiH| na hi avastuviThThAyaH saMzayo bhvti| 52 isa prakAra saMzayajJAna mithyA hote hue bhI vastu kI sattA ko siddha karatA hai- yaha bar3I adbhuta bAta hai| ___ saMzaya ke sambandha meM eka anya bhrAnti yaha hai ki kucha loga jijJAsA yA prazna ko bhI saMzaya samajhalete haiM, parantu vAstava meM dekhA jAe to jijJAsA saMzaya nahIM hai| jijJAsA aura saMzaya meM bahuta antara hai| jijJAsA meM jAnane kI icchA hai, prazna kA uttara batAne kA nivedana hai, parantu saMzaya meM aisI koI bAta nahIM hai| daraasala jJAna ke aneka rUpa hote haiM-jijJAsA, prazna, saMzaya aadi| hameM ina saba meM vidyamAna sUkSma antara ko samajhanA caahie| isI prakAra kucha loga avagraha jJAna ko bhI jo ki matijJAna kA eka (prathama) bheda hai, saMzaya samajha lete haiM, parantu saMzaya aura avagraha jJAna meM bhI bar3A antara hai, avagraha jJAna saMzaya jJAna nahIM hai| jaisA ki AcArya abhinava dharmabhUSaNa yati ne bhI spaSTa kahA hai___ "tatrendriyArthasamavadhAnasamanantarasamutthasattAlocanAntarabhAvI sattA'vAntarajAtiviziSTavastugrAhI jJAnavizeSo'vagrahaH- yathA'yaM puruSa iti|

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anekAnta 66/4, akTUbara-disambara 2013 nA'yaM saMzayaH, viSayAntaravyudAsena svvissynishcyaatmktvaat|tdvipriitlkssnno hi sNshyH| 13 ___ arthAt indriya aura artha ke milana ke turanta bAda hone vAlA aura sattAvalokana ke bAda avAntara sattAko viSaya karanevAle jJAnavizeSa ko avagraha kahate haiN| jaise- yaha puruSa hai| yaha avagraha saMzaya nahIM hai, kyoMki isameM anya viSaya nahIM hai aura apane viSaya kA nizcaya hai|sNshy isase viparIta hotA hai| 1. "anekArthAnizcitA'paryudAsAtmakaH sNshystdvipriito'vgrhH|14 2. "saMzayo hi nirNayavirodhI ntvvgrhH|"15 arthAta aneka arthoM meM anizcayarUpa saMzaya hotA hai,jabaki avagraha isase viparIta hotA hai|sNshy hI nirNaya-virodhI hotA hai, na ki avgrh|is prakAra saMzaya ke pradhAna bheda jJAnAtmaka saMzaya kA svarUpa huaa|ab saMzaya ke dvitIya bheda zraddhAnAtmaka saMzaya kA svarUpa samajhane kA prayatna kiyA jAtA hai| ___ kahA jA cukA hai ki zraddhAnAtmaka saMzaya zraddhA kA doSa hai jise jaina-granthoM meM mithyAtva yA mithyAdarzana bhI kahA sakatA hai|jaindrshn ke anusAra mithyAtva 5 prakAra kA hotA hai 1. ekaantmithyaadrshn| 2. vipriitmithyaadrshn| 3. sNshymithyaadrshn| 4. vainyikmithyaadrshn| 5. ajnyaanikmithyaadrshn| ina pA~coM kA svarUpa isaprakAra batAyA gayA hai-"tatra idameva itthamevetidhamidharmayorabhiniveza ekaantH|puruss evedaM sarvaiti vA nitya eva vA anitya eveti|sgrnthonirgrnthH, kevalI kavalAhArI,strI siddhyatItyevamAdiH vipryyH| samyagdarzanajJAnacAritraNi kiNmokssmaargHsyaadvaanvetyntrpkssaaprigrhHsNshyH| sarvadevatAnAM sarvasamayAnAM ca samadarzanaM vainyikm| hitaahitpriikssaavirho'jnyaaniktvm|'16 arthAt yahI hai yA aisA hI hai-aisAdharma-dharmI kA ekAntika zraddhAna ekAnta mithyAdarzana hai| jaise- yaha saba puruSa hI hai athavA vastu nitya anitya hI hai| sAdhu parigrahI hote haiM, kevalI kavalAhArI hote haiM,strI ko tadbhava-mukti prApta

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anekAnta 66/4, akTUbara-disambara 2013 hotI hai-yaha viparIta mithyAdarzana hai|smygdrshnjnyaancaaritrkii ekatAmokSamArga hai yA nahIM-aisA mAnanA saMzaya mithyAtva hai|sbhii devoM ko aura sabhI dharmoM ko samAna mAnanA vainayika mithyAtva hai| hitAhita kA parIkSaNa na karanA ajJAna mithyAtva hai| ina pA~ca prakAra ke mithyAdarzanoM meM se saMzaya nAmaka mithyAdarzana ko hI zraddhAnAtmaka saMzaya kahate haiN| jJAnAtmaka saMzaya ko mithyAjJAna kahate haiM aura zraddhAnAtmaka saMzaya ko mithyAdarzana kahate haiN| vicAraNIya hai ki jJAnAtmaka saMzaya(mithyAjJAna) aura zraddhAnAtmaka saMzaya meM mUlabhUta antara kyA hai? daraasala bAta yaha hai ki sAmAnyataH kisI bhI viSaya ko jAnane meM jo saMzaya hotA hai use jJAnAtmaka saMzaya kahate haiM kintu jaba vahI saMzaya kisI mokSamArga ke prayojanabhUta viSaya ke sambandha meM hotA hai to use zraddhAnAtmaka saMzaya kahate haiM, kyoMki usameM mAtra jJAnAvaraNa karma kA udaya nimitta nahIM hotA, mohanIya karma kA udaya bhI nimitta hotA hai| zraddhAnAtmaka saMzaya kI avadhAraNA to jainAcAryoM kI hI viziSTa dena hai| saMdarbhaH 1. prameyakamalamArtaNDa, sUtra 1/3 2. nyAyadIpikA,1/8 3. nyAyadIpikA,1/9 4. kavivara daulatarAma, chahaDhAlA 4/6 5. tattvArthazlokavArtika, adhyAya 1, sUtra 11, zloka 353, 355 6. AcArya mANikyanandi, parIkSAmukhasUtram 3/17 7. vahI, 1/5 8. AcArya akalaMka, tattvArthavArtikam 1/15/9 9. mokSapaMjikA 5 10. sUryaprajJapti, malayagirivRtti, 2, pRSTha 5 11. saptabhaMgItaraMgiNI, pRSTha 6 12. malliSeNasUri, syAdvAdamaMjarI,17 13. nyAyadIpikA 2/11 14. tattvArthavArtikam 1/15/9 15. vahI, 1/15/10 16. AcArya pUjyapAda, sarvArthasiddhi 8/1 - prAdhyApaka- jainadarzana vibhAga, lA.ba.zA. saMskRta vidyApITha, naI dillI-110016

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bhAratIya mUrtikalA meM jaina mUrtiyoM ke lakSaNa lalita zarmA 'jina' ke anuyAyiyoM ko jaina tathA 'jinoM' dvArA sthApita dharma ko jainadharma ke nAma se jAnA gayA hai|jaindhrm ke aise mahAna mahApurUSoM ko tIrthakara yA kevalI kahA gayA hai|ye tIrthakara 24 hue haiM jinakI dhAraNA hI jainadharma kI dhurI hai|any jaina devoM kI saMkalpanA bhI inhIM jinoM se sambaddha hai| ___ guptottara kAla meM ina 24 tIrthakaroM kI pahacAna ke nimitta unake lAMchanoM, yakSoM aura zAsana deviyoM kA nirdhAraNa kiyA gayA, jinameM 1 se 24 taka mahAna tIrthaMkaroM kI mUrtiyoM ke lakSaNa tathA yakSa va yakSI (zAsana devI-digambara-zvetAmbara) nirdhArita kI gii| nirdhAraNa kA yaha krama va tAlikA jainadharma ke itihAsa viSayaka granthoM meM AsAnI se dekhI, parakhI tathA samajhI jA sakatI hai| ataH hama unakI yahA~ carcA na karake mUrtiyoM ke lakSaNoM kI hI carcA kreNge| jaina sAhitya ke sAkSyoM para gaura kiyA jAye to jJAta hotA hai ki antima tIrthakara mahAvIra svAmI kI mUrti ko unake jIvanakAla meM hI nirmita karavA diyA gayA thA, jise jaina dharmAvalambiyoM meM jIvanta svAmI kahA gyaa| vidvAna purAtatvavid DaoN.e. ela. zrIvAstava (bhilAI) se jaba jaina mUrti lakSaNoM viSayaka maiMne viziSTa nirdeza prApta kiye taba isa AdhAra para prAmANika rUpa se yaha mAnA jAtAhai ki jaina tIrthakara mUrtiyoM meM abhI taka sarvAti prAcIna,bihAra ke lohAnIpura se prApta mauryayugIna nagna (digambara) dhar3a ko mAnA jAtA hai| isakA mUla kAraNa bhI yaha mAnA gayA ki tIrthakara digambara hI the| vidvAna vAsudevazaraNa agravAla ne mathurA kI jaina mUrtikalA para vizada prakAza DAlA hai| unakI jainakalA vivecanA se yaha prAmANita hotA hai ki mathurA ke kaMkAlI TIle se kuSANakAlIna jaina stUpa khaNDa, AyAMgapaTTa, tIrthakara mUrtiyA~ milI thii|in para kucha aise zilAlekha paThana meM Aye jinameM vahA~ devanirmita stUpa ke nirmANa ke pramANoM kA bhI patA

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vr anekAnta 66/4 akTUbara-disambara 2013 calatA hai| pratIta hotA hai ki mathurA jainadharma aura kalA kA prAcIna kendra thA / zrIvAstava ke anusAra- sArI amUlya nidhiyAM aba lakhanaU ke rAjya purAtatva saMgrahAlaya meM darzita hai| mathurA ke ukta TIle ke utkhanana se jaina zilpa kI jo adbhuta sAmagrI milI unameM eka jaina stUpa, do prAsAda va jaina maMdiroM ke aMkala citra mile the| inameM ArahaveM tIrthakara aranAtha svAmI kI mUrti kI caukI para eka lekha meM yaha aMkita hai ki - koTTiyagaNa kI vajrI zAkhA ke vAcaka Arya vRhastI kIpreraNA se eka zrAvikA ne deva nirmita stUpa meM arhata kI mUrti sthApita kii| mUlataH yaha lekha saMvat 89 kA hai, jo kuSANa samrATa vAsudeva ke zAsana kAla kA 167 I. kA hai| ye sAmagrI ThIka IsApUrva dUsarI sadI se lagAtAra 11vIM sadI taka milatI hai| inameM nimna mUrtiyoM kA vizleSaNa, lakSaNa prastuta hai| ye lakSaNa aba sArvajanika rUpa se paThana meM nahIM A pAte haiN| 28 AyAMgapaTTa pASANa ke caukora Tukar3oM para kendra meM cakra, svAstika va tIrthakara mUrti ko gherakara usameM zrIvats, mIna mithuna, nandyAvarta pUrNaghaTa, mAlA, bhadrAsana Adi aSTamAMgalika cinhoM ko ukerA gayA hai| inakI sthApanA arhata kI pUjA hetu batAI gaI hai| isa AdhAra para zrIvAstava ne ina AyAMgapaTToM ko jaina pUjA ke prathama sopAna mAnA hai| unhoMne isa tathya ko prastuta kiyA ki pUrva meM pratIka pUjA kA pracalana thA bAda meM ina AyAMgapaTToM para kendra meM pAlathI mArakara dhyAna meM baiThe tIrthakaroM ko ukerA jAne lagA aura phira bAda meM unakI svataMtra mUrtiyA~ bhI gar3hI jAne lgii| jaina tIrthakara mUrtiyA - mUrti vizeSajJoM kI prabala dhAraNA rahI hai ki jaina tIrthaMkaroM kI prathama mUrtiyA~ mathurA meM hI banAI gaI thii| inake prArambhika pramANa kaMkAlI TIle se mile hai| inameM kuSANakAlIna mUrtiyoM kI saMkhyA adhika hai| ye tIrthakara mUrtiyA~ tIna prakAra kI thii| 1. pAlathI mArakara dhyAnamudrA meM baiThI huI / 2. kAryotsarga mudrA meM khar3I huI tathA 3. sarvatobhadra mudrA meM arthAt eka hI pASANaphalaka para pITha se pITha milAkara khar3I cAra caumukhI jaina mUrtiyA~ / lAMchana mathurA kI Arambhika tIrthaMkara mUrtiyAM eka samAna thii| ataH unakI pahacAna kara pAnA duSkara thA aura kuSANakAla taka to tIrthakara mUrtiyoM para lAMchanoM kA aMkana

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anekAnta 66/4, akTUbara-disambara 2013 hI nahIM huA thaa| isa kAraNa mathurA kI prAthamika tIrthakara mUrtiyoM kI caraNa caukI para koI lAMkSana nahIM thaa| parantu unameM kucheka mUrtiyoM kI pahacAna kI gaI, jaise svAmI AdinAtha ko unake kaMdhoM taka laTakatI jaTAoM se, svAmI pArzvanAtha ko unake zIrSa para sarpaphaNoM ke chatra the|kuchek mUrtiyoM ke zilAlekhoM se unakI pahacAna kI gii|prntujain zilpa granthoM meM lAMchanoM ke ullekha 7vIM-8vIM sadI I. ke bAda se hI pAye gye| mahApurUSa lakSaNayadyapi caraNa caukI vAle lAMchanoM kA vikAsa kuSANa kAla meM nahIM huA thA, tathApi usI kAla meM lagabhaga unhIM sthAnaka va Asana mudrAoM meM nirmita kI gaI buddha-bodhisatava kI mUrtiyoM tathA jaina tIrthakara kI mUrtiyoM meM bheda karane kA mukhya sAkSya mahApurUSa lakSaNa thaa| jaina tIrthakara kI mUrtiyoM ke vakSa para ukta prakAra ke zrIvatsa kA aMkana unheM bauddha mUrtiyoM se alaga pahacAna detA hai| dhyAna mudrA meM baiThI tIrthakara mUrtiyoM kI hatheliyoM para prAyaH cakra aura paira ke taluoM para cakra aura naMdyArvata ke mAMgalika cinha ukare milate haiN| ukta prakAra ke lakSaNoM meM kucha anya vizeSatAoM kA bhI dhyAna pAThaka tathA mUrtikalA para kAma karane vAle zodhArthiyoM ko rakhanA caahiye| 1. tIrthakaroM kI mUrtiyoM ko yA to muNDita mastaka vAlA yA kuMcita keza vAlA banAyA gyaa| 2. aisI mUrtiyoM kI AMkhoM kI bhauMho ke madhya UrNI kA aMkana kiyA gyaa| 3. ye mUrtiyAM pUrNatayA nagna (digambara) thI kyoMki taba zvetAmbara vicAradhAra kA udbhava nahIM huA thaa|prvrtii yuga meM phira tIrthakara mUrtiyoM meM kucha parivartana kiye gaye aura unameM urNI kA abhAva rhaa|inmeN phirazIza ke pRSTha meM prabhAmaNDala banAyA jAne lagA tathA usakA vividha rUpoM meM alaMkaraNa kiyA gyaa|isii krama meM tIrthakara mUrtiyoM para unake pArivArika devoM yathA yakSa, zAsana devI, cAmaradhArI upAsakoM kA aMkana hone lgaa|shiish para trichatra kA tathA usake Upara Dhola bajAte devatA kA aMkana kiyA gyaa|muurti parikara meM Upara mAlAdhArI vidhAdhara va navagrahoM kA bhI samAveza kiyA gayA tathA prAyaH Asana ke nIce madhya meM rakhe dharmacakra ko pramukhatA dI gii| isa prakAra ke ukta lakSaNoM se pahacAna sambhava honA AsAna ho gyaa|

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IL anekAnta 66/4, akTUbara-disambara 2013 anya jaina deva mUrtiyoM ke lakSaNajIvantasvAmI-jaina sAhitya kI mAnyatA ke anusAra mahAvIra svAmI ke jIvana meM hI candana se unakI marti kA nirmANa hone ke kAraNa unheM ukta nAma se bhI pahacAnA gyaa|shilp meM isa rUpakI mUrti ko unake rAjakumAra svarUpa meM banAyA gyaa| isameM unheM kAryotsarga mudrA meM mukuTa,mekhalA, hAra se aMlakRta kiyA gyaa| isa Azaya kI mUrtiyoM ke udAharaNa rAjasthAna ke ausiyAMva nAgaura tathA gujarAta ke aMkoTA meM hai, jo 5vIM-6ThavIM sadI ke haiM tathA kAMse se nirmita hai| isameM rAjasthAna kI ukta prakAra kI mUrtiyAM 9vIM se 15vIM sadI ke madhya kI haiN| __ naigameSa tathA revatI - yaha bakare ke mukha vAlA deva hai, jo indra kI paidala senA kA pramukha hai| zvetAmbara mAnyatA ke anusAra usane mahAvIra ke bhrUNa ko devanandA nAmaka brAhmaNI ke garbha se mAtA trizalA ke garbha meM sthApita kiyA thaa| mathurA tathA lakhanaU ke saMgrahAlaya meM mathurA se prApta kuSANakAlIna aisI mUrtiyA~ pradarzita hai| isa mUrti para isa deva kA nAma bhI hai| ise bAlako ko maMgala devatA mAnA jAtA hai|revtii ko naigameSa kI zakti mAnA gayA hai|yh bakare ke mukhavAlI nArI mUrti hai, jo mathurA saMgrahAlaya meM hai| indra - jainadharma ke granthoM meM ullekha hai ki tIrthakaroM ke janma, dIkSA aura kaivalya prApti ke avasaroM para indra dharatI para Ate haiN| isI Azaya ko rAjasthAna ke jaina maMdiroM (11vIM-12vIM sadI) meM dekhA jA sakatA hai| gajalakSmI tathA sarasvatI - tIrthaMkaroM kI mAtAoM dvArA dekheM svapnoM meM lakSmIkA ullekha viziSTatA se hai|atH jaina zilpa meM unheM sammAnajanaka sthAna diyA gyaa|ye mUrtiyA~ zuMgakAla se hI upalabdha hotI hai, vahIM isa dharma meM sarasvatI ko bhI vidyA, buddhi kI devI mAnakara use sammAna sahita sthAna diyA gayA parantu unheM zrutadevI ke nAma se jaina zilpa meM pahacAnA gyaa| kuSANayugIna mathurA ke kaMkAlI TIle se milI sarasvatI kI mUrti sarvAdhika prAcIna hai, jo vahA~ ke jaina parisara se milI hai| yaha lakhanaU saMgrahAlaya meM hai| cakrezvarI.ambikA.padamAvatIdevI-jaina zilpa meM kacha aisI deviyoM kA vidhAna bhI rakhA gayA jo tIrthakaroM kI zAsana devI hai|iske hAthoM meM cakra dhArita hotA hai tathA yaha garUr3a para ArUr3ha hotI hai|mdhykaal kI isa prakAra kI mUrtiyA~ jaina maMdiroM meM dekhI jA sakatI hai|

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anekAnta 66/4, akTUbara-disambara 2013 ___ ambikA tIrthakara neminAtha kI zAsana devI hai|iskaa aMkana bhI madhyayuga meM huaa|iske hAthoM meM kramazaH eka bAlaka, pAza, aMkuza tathA Ama kI baura vAlI TahanI hotI hai| yaha siMha para ArUr3ha rahatI haiN| padmAvatI tIrthakara pArzvanAtha kI zAsanadevI ke rUpa meM mAnya hai| isake zIza para sarpaphaNoM kA chatra honA isakA mukhya lakSaNa hai| ina tInoM deviyoM kA spaSTa va 11vIM sadI kA mUrta zilpa jhAlarApATana (jhAlAvAr3a, rAjasthAna) ke zAMtinAtha digambara jaina maMdira maM darzita hai| kSetrapAla - jainadharma ne kSetrapAla kI gaNanA bhairava ke samAna yoginiyoM ke sAtha kI hai|kssetrpaal kI mUrti lakSaNoM meM unakI bhayaMkara mukhAkRti,zyAmavarNa, bikhare keza,pairoM meM khar3AU, hAthoM meM mugadara, DamarU tathA aMkuza pramukha hote haiN| mathurA saMgrahAlaya meM jaina kSetrapAla kI eka prAcIna mUrti meM unake dAhine hAtha meM daNDa hai tathA unhoMne apane bAyeM hAtha meM zvAna (kutte) kI rassI ko pakar3a rakhA hai| uttarapradeza ke devagar3ha tathA madhyapradeza ke khajurAho meM bhI 11vIM - 12vIM sadI kI isa prakAra kI mUrtiyA~ milatI haiN| __ Adimithuna- sRSTi ke mUla kAraNa Adimithuna kA aMkana jaina zilpakalA meM vizeSa sthAna rakhatA hai| ise jugaliyA (yugala mithuna) bhI kahA gyaa|is zilpa meM inheM vizAla vRkSa ke nIce baiThA darzAyA jAtA hai| caraNa caukI para bAlakoM kA aMkana tathA vRkSa ke Upara jinabimba banA hotA hai|e.el.shriivaastv ke anusAra lakhanaU saMgahAlaya meM isa Azaya kA eka aMkana phalaka para darzita hai| sUtroM ke anusAra uttarapradeza ke sultAnupara meM vahA~ ke rAjya purAtatva saMgaThana meM kUDa nAmaka sthana se 11vIM sadI kA eka aisI hI sundara jugaliyA (Adi mithuna) phalaka khojA hai| yadi jaina aura bauddha mUrtAkana meM bheda kiye jAye to adhyayana karane tathA dhamoM kI mUrtiyA~ dekhane para nimna bindu samakSa meM Ate haiN| jaina tIrthakaroM kI mUrtiyAM nirvastra (digambara) hotI hai jabaki baddha kI mUrtiyoM meM unake bAyeM yA phira donoM kaMdhoM se saMdhATi vastra nIce taka laTakatA hai|buddh kI mUrtiyoM ke vakSa para zrIvasta kA aMkana nahIM hotA jabaki tIrthakaroM kI mUrtiyoM para zrIvatsa kA lakSaNa hotA

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anekAnta 66/4, akTUbara-disambara 2013 hai| tIrthakara mUrtiyA~ yA to dhyAnamudrA meM Asanastha athavA kAryotsarga mudrA meM khar3I dikhAyI detI hai|unmeN abhaya,varada yA anya mudrA kA abhAva hotA hai,jabaki buddha mUrtiyAM abhaya mudrA meM rahatI haiM athavA bhUmi sparza, dharma cakra pravartana mudrA meM baiThI huI yA mahAparinirvANa mudrA meM leTI huI hotI hai| isa prakAra mudrAoM tathA lakSaNoM ke AdhAra para mUrtiyoM kI pahacAna AsAnI se kI jA sakatI hai| __ AyAMgapaTTa kA zilpavaiziSTaya- vAsudevazaraNa agravAla ne mathurA kI jaina kalA para vistRta evaM gaMbhIra vivecanA prastuta kI hai| unhoMne apanI zodha meM batAyA ki ukta kSetrIya jaina kalA meM AyAMgapaTTa tIrthakara mUrtiyA~, devI mUrtiyAM, stUpoM ke toraNa,zAlabhaMjikA, vedikA stambha, uSNIya Adi mukhya haiN|aayaaNgptttt mUla rUpa se AryakapaTTa hotA hai| arthAt pUjArtha hetu sthApita zilApaTTa, jisa para svAstika, dharmacakra Adi alaMkaraNa yA tIrthakara kI mUrtiyAM sthApita kI gaI ho|stmp ke prAMgaNa meM isa prakAra ke pUjA zilApaTTa yA AyAMgapaTTaU~ce sthAnoM para sthApita kiye jAte the tathA darzanArthI unakI pUjA karate the| mathurA kI jaina kalA meM ina AyAMgapaTToM kA ati viziSTa sthAna hai| una para jo aMlakaraNa kI chavi hai vaha netroM ko mohita kara detI haiN| udAharaNa ke liye siMhAnAdika dvArA sthApita AyAMgapaTTa para Upara nIce aSTamAMgalika cinhoM kA aMkana hai| donoM pAryoM meM se eka ora cakrAMkita dhvajastambha va dUsarI ora gajAMkita stambha hai| madhya meM cAra triratnoM ke madhya meM tIrthakara kI baddhapadmAsana mUrti hai| eka anya prApta AyAMgapaTTa ke madhya bhAga meM vizAla svastika kA aMkana he tathA usake svAstika bhAga ke garbha meM laghu tIrthakara mUrti hai| dhyAna se dekhane para yaha jJAta hotA hai ki svAstika ke AveSaNa rUpa meM solaha deva yoniyoM se alaMkRta maNDala hai, jisake cAroM koNoM para cAra maMhoraga mUrtiyAM haiM, jabaki nIce kI ora aSTamAMgalikacinhoM kI zrRMkhalA hai|tRtiiy AyAMgapaTTa ke madhya SoDaSAdharmacakra kA sundara aMkana hai tathA isake cAroM ora tIna maNDala hai jisake prathama maNDala meM solaha nandipada, dUsare meM aSTadikkumArikAeM aura tIsare meM kuNDalita puSpakarasraja kamaloM kI mAlA hai|caaroN konoM meM cAra mahoraga mUrtiyAM hai| isa prakAra kA pUjA paTTa prAcIna kAla meM cakrapaTTa kahalAtA thaa|aayaaNgptttt jaina kalA kI mahatvapUrNa nidhi hai| isakI sthApanA phalguyaza nartaka kI patni zivayazA

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anekAnta 66/4, akTUbara-disambara 2013 33 ne arhata pUjA hetu kI thii| isa para prAcIna mathurA jaina stUpa kI AkRti aMkita hai jisameM toraNa, vedikA tathA sopAna hai| mathurA ke kaMkAlI TIle se eka mUrti AryavatI kI milI thii|ddaa. agravAla isakA sambandha mahAvIra kI mAtA trizalA kSatriyANI se batAne kI saMbhAvanA vyakta karate haiN| yaha mUrti kSatrapa SoDAsa ke zAsanakAla meM saMvat 42 meM sthApita kI gaI thii| isa mUrti kA lakSaNa yaha hai ki isameM devI AryavatI ko rAjapada rUpa kI devI ke rUpa meM aMkita kiyA hai tathA chatra aura caMvara liye do pArzvacara striyA~ unakI sevA kara rahI hai| __ isa prakAra jainadharma kI mUrtiyoM ke ukta gaMbhIra pramANoM se unake lakSaNoM ko dekhakara koI bhI zraddhAlu yA zodhArthI unakI pahacAna AsAnI se kara sakatA hai| parantu yaha bhI eka kaTusatya hai ki prAcIna mUrti zilpa ke lakSaNoM, bhAvoM para jitane bhI grantha race gaye ve yA to saMskRta meM haiM yA aMgrejI meN| ye grantha nA to milate haiM nA hI par3hane vAle kyoMki yaha eka durUha kArya hai| ataH sAmAnyajana mUrtiyoM kI pahacAna kara hI nahIM paataa|prstut lekha mUrtizilpa ke niSNAtmanISI vidvAnoM se carcA kara hI taiyAra kiyA hai, tAki Ama pAThaka meM bhI mUrtiyoM ke prati rUci jAgrata kara ske| -jaikI sTUDiyo, 13, maMgalapurA, jhAlAvAr3a - 346 001 (rAjasthAna)

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nA lokAnuprekSA meM vAstu vidyA satendra kumAra jaina bhUmikAH jainadarzana ciMtana manana kI paramparA kI advitIya sthAna hai| isameM kriyA se adhika ciMtana aura manana ko bala diyA gayA hai| vyakti cAhe ciMtana ke dvArA puNya kamA sakatA hai aura cAhe to ciMtana se pApa bhI kamA sakatA hai| isI paramparA meM anuprekSA zabda kA prayoga AcAryoM ne kiyA hai| anuprekSA se apane jJAna kA parimArjana kiyA jA sakatA hai|is anuprekSA ke bAraha bheda kahe haiN| jisameM lokAnuprekSA meM svarga, naraka, madhyaloka, Adi ke varNana kA ciMtana kiyA jAtA hai| lokAnuprekSA meM loka meM sthita bhavanoM, uttama sthAnoM, jinAlayoM Adi kA ciMtana lokAnuprekSA hai| isameM banAvaTa Adi ke AkAra-prakAra kA ciMtana kara vAstu kA jJAna bhI kiyA jA sakatA hai| lokAnuprekSA kA svarUpaH jAne gae artha kA mana meM abhyAsa karanA anuprekSA hai' tathA anaMtAnaMta jo AkAza hai usake bahuta madhya ke pradeza meM ghanodadhi, ghanavAta aura tanuvAta valaya nAmaka tIna pavanoM meM veSTita Adi aura aMtarahita, akRtrima, nizcala aura asaMkhyAta pradeza kA dhAraka loka hai| usake AkAra kA bAra-bAra ciMtana karane ko lokAnuprekSA kahate haiM / nIce mukha kie hue Adhe mRdaMga ke Upara pUrA mRdaMga rakhane para jaisA AkAra hotA hai vaisA AkAra loka kA hai, parantu mRdaMga gola hai aura loka caukora hai, yaha bheda hai| isa prakAra lokAnuprekSA meM loka kA hI ciMtana mukhyataH se kiyA jAtA hai| lokAnuprekSA kA viSaya evaM prayojanaH lokAnuprekSA meM tIna loka ke svarUpa kA tathA usameM akRtrima caityAlaya, devabhavana, svargoM kI U~cAI Adi, devoM ke astittva kA tathA madhya loka meM paMcameru akRtrima IL

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anekAnta 66/4, akTUbara-disambara 2013 caityAlayoM kA varNana tathA tInaloka meM virAjamAna kRtrima tathA akRtrima jinabiMboM kA varNana Adi hai| vairAgya kI ora bar3hatA huA sAdhaka yA gRhastha zrAvaka donoM hI loka ke vAstavika svarUpa kA jJAna karake saMsAra paribhramaNa ke kAraNa ko jAnate haiN| jisase loka ke uttama padoM ke prati to bahumAna bar3hatA hai tathA narakAdi adhama gatiyoM se virakti kA bhAva hotA hai jisa kAraNa se zrAvaka tathA sAdhaka pApa karmoM kA arjana karane se bacate haiM tathA puNya karma meM pravRtti adhika karate vAstu kA arthaH vAstu vidyA kA artha hai bhavana nirmANa kI klaa| isI ko prAkRta bhASA meM vatthu, vijjA, urdU meM sanAata aura aMgrejI meM ArkITekTaoNniksa kahate haiN|dhrm,jyotiss, pUjApATha Adi ne vAstuvidyA ko adhyAtma se jor3a diyA, jisase usakA pracAra eka AcAra saMhitA kI bhA~ti hone lagA hai| tathA samAja kI AsthA jur3I hai| ___ vAstuzabda saMskRta kI vasdhAtu se banA hai| jisakA artha hai rhnaa|mnussyoN, devoM aura pazu pakSiyoM ke upayoga ke lie miTTI,lakar3I patthara Adi se banAyA gayA sthAna vAstu hai|sNskRt kA vasati aura kannar3a kA basadizabda bhI vAstu ke artha meM hI hai|hindii kA bastI zabda bhI vAstu se sambaddha hai, parantu vaha grAma, nagara Adi ke artha meM pracalita ho gayA hai| akRtrima caitya evaM caityAlaya kA mApaH akRtrima jinacaityAlayoM kI saMkhyA 85697481 hai, jo pRthvIkAyika hote haiN| ye zAzvat caityAlaya kahe jAte haiN| inameM urdhva loka 8497023 madhya loka meM 458 tathA adholoka meM bhavanavAsI devoM ke bhavanoM kI saMkhyA 77200000 hai tathA ina bhavanoM meM pratyeka meM akRtrima caityAlaya hai| urdhvaloka evaM adholoka meM devoM ke bhavanoM ke IzAna dizA meM akRtrima caityAlaya haiM tathA devoM ke pratyeka bhavana meM eka akRtrima caityAlaya kA honA anivArya haiN| parantu madhya loka meM kuNDalagiri, rucikaragiri, mAnuSottara parvata, paMcameru, 30 kulAcala, 30 sarovara, 170 vijayArdha parvata, 20 gajadanta, jambU-zAlmali Adi 10 vRkSa, 4 iSvAkAra parvata evaM vakSAra Adi aneka sthAnoM para sthita jinamaMdiroM meM asaMkhyAt pratimAe~ virAjamAna haiN| RddhidhArI munirAja,deva evaM vidyAdhara sadaiva inakI pUjA-arcanA

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nA anekAnta 66/4 akTUbara-disambara 2013 karake apane puNyArjana karate haiN| akRtrima caityAlaya kI pratimAoM ke viSaya tiloyapaNatti kAra ne kahA hai ki jinendra prAsAdoM ke madhya bhAga meM pAda pIThoM sahita sphaTika maNimaya eka sau ATha unnata siMhAsana haiN| una siMhAsanoM ke Upara pA~ca sau dhanuSa pramANa U~cI eka sau ATha anAdi nidhana jina pratimAe~ virAjamAna haiN| tIna chatrAdi sahita palyaMkAsana samanvita aura samacaturastra AkAravAlI ve jinanAtha pratimAe~ nitya jayavaMta hoM / 36 akRtrima aura kRtrima do prakAra kI pratimAe~ hotI haiN| jinameM akRtrima pratimAe~ ve kahalAtI haiM, jo pratimAe~ devoM dvArA, rAjAoM dvArA evaM anya kinhIM zilpiyoM dvArA nirmita nahIM kI jAtI haiM, apitu aneka prakAra ke ratnoM evaM nAnA prakAra ke pASANoM se svayaM hI tadrUpa pariNamita ho jAtI haiN| anAdikAla se aisI hI hai tathA ananta kAla taka aisI hI banI rhegii| tInoM loka meM akRtrima pratimAoM kI saMkhyA 9255327948 hai / jisameM urdhva loka meM 917678484e madhyaloka meM 49464 tathA adholoka meM 9337600000 haiM / akRtrima caityAlayoM ke dvAra ke viSaya meM AcArya nemicandra ne trilokasAra meM kahA hai ki utkRSTa, madhyama aura jaghanya ke bheda se akRtrima jina caityAlaya bhI tIna prakAra ke hote haiN| ina tInoM prakAra ke jinAlayoM kA AyAma kramazaH 100 yojana, 50 yojana aura 25 yojana pramANa hai| inhIM jinAlayoM kA vyAsa AyAma ke ardhabhAga pramANa arthAt 50 yojana, 25 yojana tathA 12.5 yojana pramANa hai| tathA ina tInoM kI U~cAI AyAma aura vyAsa ke yoga ke ardha bhAga pramANa arthAt 75 yojana 37.5 yojana aura 18.75 yojana hai / dvAroM kI U~cAI ke ardhabhAga pramANa dvAroM kA vyAsa hotA hai tathA bar3e dvAroM ke vyAsAdi se choTe kA vyAsAdi AdhA-AdhA hotA hai / " akRtrima caityAlaya kA mukhya dvAra hamezA pUrva mukha hI hotA hai| kyoMki akRtrima caityAlaya meM jinacaitya pUrvAbhimukha virAjamAna rahate haiM / isI prakAra pratara ke asaMkhyAtaveM bhAga pramANa asaMkhyAt jyotiSka vimAna svarNa tathA ratnamaya akRtrima jinacaityAlayoM se bhUSita haiM / " caityavRkSa evaM vAstu caityavRkSa jainadarzana kA advitIya zabda hai / isakA zAbdika artha hai jisa vRkSa meM caitya arthAt jinabiMba ho use caityavRkSa kahate haiN| ye caityavRkSa adholoka, -

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anekAnta 66/4, akTUbara-disambara 2013 madhyaloka evaM urdhvaloka tInoM lokoM meM pAye jAte haiN|adholok meM bhavanavAsI devoM ke dasa bhedoM meM dasa prakAra ke caityavRkSa pAye jAte haiN| jinameM azvattha, saptaparNa, zAlmalI, jambU, vetasa, kadaMba,prayaMgu, sarisa, palAza, rAjadruma ye dasa caitya vRkSa pAye jAte haiN| ye caityavRkSa asurakumArAdi ke kramazaH pAye jAte haiN| kahA haibhavanavAsI devoM ke caityavRkSa ke mUla meM pratyeka dizA meM pA~ca-pA~ca pratimA paryaka Asana se virAjamAna haiN| tathA pratyeka dizA meM pratyeka pratimA ke Age eka mAnastaMbha hai, una mAnastaMbha ke pratyeka dizA meM sAta-sAta uttama ratna kI pratimA virAjamAna hai| isa prakAra eka caityavRkSa ke cAroM dizAoM meM 20 pratimAe~ aura 20 mAnastaMbha haiM tathA 20 mAnastaMbha meM pratyeka dizA meM sAta-sAta pratimA ke kAraNa eka mAnastaMbha meM 28 pratimAe~ tathA 20 mAnastabha meM 560 pratimAe~ hotI haiN| tathA caityavRkSa meM 20 pratimAeM milA dene se 580 pratimAeM hotI haiN| ataH yaha kaha sakate haiM mAnastaMbha kI eka dizA meM sAta pratimA hone se mAnastaMbha bhI sAta maMjila kA ho sakatA hai| vyaMtara devoM ke ATha bhedoM meM ATha prakAra ke caitya vRkSa kramazaH pAye jAte haiM jinameM azoka,caMpA, nAgakesari, tuMvaDI,vaTa,kaMTataru, tulasI, kdNb| vyaMtara devoM ke caityavRkSa meM pratimAoM kI saMkhyA bhavanavAsI devoM ke caityavRkSoM se bhinna haiN|khaa hai ki caityavRkSa ke cAroM ora cAra-cAra tathA pratyeka pratimA ke AgemAnastaMbha ke tInakoTa hote haiN| pratyeka koTa meM cAra-cAra pratimAeM hotI haiN| arthAt caityavRkSa ke cAroM dizAoM meM 16 pratimAeM evaM 16 mAnastaMbha haiM tathA solaha mAnastaMbha meM 48 koTa tathA 48 koToM meM 192 pratimAeM virAjamAna hai| isa prakAra 192 tathA 16 pratimAoM ke yoga se 208 pratimAeMhotI haiN| tathA vaimAnika devoM meM cAra prakAra ke caitya vRkSoM ke nAma caitya vRkSa hote haiN| triloka sAra meM kahA hai ki saudharmAdika indroM ke cAroM vana meM cAra caitya vRkSa hote haiN| ina caitya vRkSoM kA mApa jambU vRkSa ke samAna hai| tathA vanakhaMDa padama tAlAba ke samAna vistAra vAlA hai| arthAt meru parvata kI IzAna dizA meM jambU vRkSa hai|13 jambU vRkSa 500 yojana kI sthalI meM phailA huA hai| jisakA U~cAI 10 yojana kI tathA madhya meM 6 yojana caur3A tathA Upara 4 yojana caur3A hai| tathA vanakhaMDa 1000 yojana lambA tathA 500 yojana caur3A hai|

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IL anekAnta 66/4, akTUbara-disambara 2013 kRtrima jinabiMboM kA mApa - akRtrima jinabiMboM kA nApa dvAramAna ke AdhAra para banAyA jAtA hai arthAt maMdira meM mukhya dvAra kI U~cAI jitanI hotI hai, usake ATha yA nau bhAga karake usameM se Upara kA eka bhAga chor3akara zeSa bhAga ke tIna bhAga karane para usameM se do bhAga kI khaNDAsana mUrti tathA eka bhAga pramANa kA Asana banavAnA caahie| tathA padmAsana mUrti nirmANa ke viSaya meM kahA gayA hai|dvaar kI U~cAI ke battIsa bhAga karane para usameM se 14,13,12, bhAga padmAsana mUrti tathA 16,15,14 bhAga kI khaNDAsana pratimA virAjamAna karanI caahie|15 madhyaloka meM maMdira nirmANa kI paramparAbhAratIya saMskRti meM prAcIna kAla se hI devagRha ke nirmANa kA pracalana rahA hai| bhakta apane gRha se devagRha ko sundara evaM susajjita banAne meM ati AnaMda kI prApti karatA hai| jaina saMskRti ke itihAsa meM maMdira nirmANa ke viSaya meM koI niyata samaya nizcita nahIM hai, kyoMki jaina saMskRti anAdi nidhana hai tathA usake devatA, devapratimA tathA devagRha bhI anAdi se nirmita haiN|jainaagm meM devatAoMke jinamaMdira Adi 85697481 akRtrima caityAlaya meM 9255327948 jinapratimAeM akRtrima haiN| yadi dUsare pakSa se dekhA jAe to karmabhUmi meM sadA SaTkAla kA parivartana hotA rahatA hai, jo avasarpiNI aura utsarpiNI kAla krama se pravAhita hotA hai| jisameM prathamakAla suSamA-suSamA hai jisakA kAla 4 kor3A kor3I sAgara pramANa, dvitIya kAla suSamA 3 kor3A kor3I sAgara pramANa, tRtIya kAla suSamA-duSamA 2 kor3A kor3I sAgara pramANa, caturtha kAla duSamA-suSamA1kor3A kor3I sAgara meM 42 hajAra varSa kama pramANa, paMcama kAla duSamA 21 hajAra varSa pramANa tathA SaSTha kAla 21 hajAra varSa pramANa hai| ina chaha kAloM meM prathama tIna kAla bhogabhUmi ke nAma se jAne jAte haiN| jinameM dharma aura dhArmika jIvoM kA abhAva hotA hai isameM karma bhI nahIM kiyA jaataa| mAtra bhoga kiyA jAtA hai| isa kAraNa ise bhogabhUmi kahate haiN| aura jahA~ dharma aura karma nahIM hotA vahA~ jinapratimA tathA jinamaMdira nahIM hote haiN| parantu jaise jaise kAla kA parivartana hotA gayA vaise-vaise bhogabhUmikA

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IL vr anekAnta 66/4, akTUbara-disambara 2013 39 abhAva ho gayA aura karma bhUmi kA prAraMbha caturtha kAla rUpa meM huaa| isa samaya dharma aura karma ke anabhijJa logoM ko samajhAne ke lie caudaha kulakaroM kI utpatti hotI hai| tathA 14 veM kUlakara kA putra prathama tIrthaMkara hotA hai| bhagavAna ke janma lene para saudharma indra bhagavAna kI AjJA se jinamaMdiroM kA nirmANa karatA hai|16 yahI karmabhUmi kA kAla jainadarzana ke anusAra maMdira nirmANa kA prAraMbha kAla kahalAyA / loka kI dizA AcArya yativRSabha ne tiloya paNNatti meM loka ke vistAra ke kathana meM pUrvAdi dizAoM kA nirdeza diyA hai- loka kI dakSiNottara caur3AI sarvatra jagatzreNI 7 rAjU pramANa hai kintu pUrva-pazcima caur3AI 7 rAjU meM kucha kama hai| ataH loka meM adholoka kI ora dakSiNa dizA tathA urdhva loka kI ora uttara dizA hai| saudharma indra kI dizA kI ora dakSiNa dizA tathA IzAna indra kI ora uttara dizA jAnanA cAhie / 17 - dUsarA pramANa tiloyapaNatti meM prathama bhAga meM gAthA 200 ke vizeSArtha meM varNita hai ki urdhvaloka meM brahmasvarga ke samIpa pUrva dizA ke lokAnta bhAga se pazcima ora eka rAjU Age jAkara lambAyamAna a-ba rekhA khIMcane para usakI UcAI 7/4 rAjU hotI hai| ataH loka siddha zilA kI ora uttAra bhAga meM hai tathA adholoka kI ora dakSiNa bhAga meM hai| vAstu vidyA meM dizAoM ke svAmI evaM mahattva gRhasthI meM rahane vAlA mAnava apanI AvazyakatA kI pUrti ghara meM hI rahakara karatA hai| jisameM usake lie ghara meM dharma, artha, kAma puruSArtha ke lie pUjA sthala, bhojanazAlA,jala saMgrahaNa sthala, zaucAlaya, saMgrahaNakakSA, zayanakakSa, atithikakSa, svAgatakakSa, vAhana sthAna, snAnAgAra, adhyayanakakSa, Adi suvidhAe~ Avazyaka haiN| pRthvI para cAra dizAe~, cAra vidizAe~ aura madhya bindu ye nau bhAga hote haiN| ina nau bhAgoM ke nau svAmI haiN| pUrva dizA kA svAmI indra, Agneya dizA kA agni, dakSiNa dizA kAyama, nairRti, pazcima dizA kA varuNa, vAyavya dizA kA vAyu, uttara dizA kA kubera, aizAna dizA kA IzAna aura brahma sthAna kA brahmA svAmI hai| ina ATha dizAoM-vidizAoM meM tathA brahma sthAna kI upamA svarga meM rahane

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40 anekAnta 66/4, akTUbara-disambara 2013 vAle inake svAmI ke nivAsa sthAna se kI jAe to dizAoM kI vAstavikatA kA jJAna ho sakatA hai| aizAna dizA - prakRti cakra kA prasthAna binda hai aishaan|uskaa prabhAvaka tattva haijala,jozAMti kA pratIka hai, isIlie aizAna dizA zAMtidAyaka hai| isa dizA kA adhiSThAtA hai| IzAna jise zAMtidAyaka mAnA gayA hai| Iza Izvara artha meM prayukta hotA hai| jisakI AdivRddhi hokara aizAnazabda kI niSpatti hotI hai|jaindrshn meM tIrthakara zabda bhI zAMtidAya artha meM prayukta huA hai| isIlie ina dharmacakra ke pravartakoM kA sthAna, devAlaya aizAna dizA meM banAyA jAtA hai|tiloypnnnntti meM AcArya yativRSabha ne aizAna dizA kA mahatva batAte hue kahA hai ki - saudharma indra ke bhavana se IzAna dizA meM tIna sau kosaU~cAI, cAra sau kosa lambI, aura isase Adhe do sau kosa vistAra vAlI sudharmA sabhA hai| tathA vahA~ IzAna dizA meM pUrva ke sadRza upapAda sabhA hai| yaha sabhA daidIpyamAna ratna zayAoM sahita vinyAsa vizeSa se zobhAyamAna hai|usii dizA meM pUrva ke sadRza athavA pANDuka vana saMbandhI jinabhavana ke sadRza uttama ratnamaya jinendra prAsAda hai| arthAt saudharma indra kA saMcAlana sthAna sudharmA sabhA IzAna dizA meM hai| jahA~ se vaha svarga kA saMcAlana zAMtipUrvaka karatA hai tathA pUjA ArAdhanA ke lie IzAna dizA meM akRtrima caityAlaya hai jahAM zAMtipUrvaka arihaMta bhagavAna kI pratimA virAjamAna hai|29 pUrva dizApUrva dizA kA svAmI saudharma indra kA lokapAla soma hai| AcArya yativRSabha ne tiloyapaNNatti meM kahA hai ki-usa bhavana ke bahumadhya bhAga meM adbhuta ratnamaya eka krIr3A zaila hai| isa parvata para pUrva dizA kA svAmI saudharma indra kA soma nAmaka lokapAla krIr3A karatA hai| tathA usake vimAna kAnAma batAte hue kahA hai ki- ar3hAI palya pramANa Ayu vAlA svaMprabha vimAna kA svAmI soma nAmaka lokapAla sAr3he tIna karor3a kalpavAsinI striyoM se parivRtta hotA huA ramaNa karatA hai| usa saudharma indra kI pUrva dizA meM soma lokapAla nivAsa karatA hai jisase saudharma indra ke vimAna kI pUrva dizA kA svAmI soma hai parantu pUrva dizA kA svAmI indra hai|3

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anekAnta 66/4, akTUbara-disambara 2013 Agneya dizApUrva aura dakSiNa ke madhya kA sthAna Agneya vidizA kahalAtI hai| isakA svAmI agni hai| isa dizA kA tattva bhI agni hI hai| tiloyapaNNatti ke anusAra bhavanavAsI devoM meM agni kumAra jAti ke devoM kA indra agnizikhI dakSiNanendra hone ke kAraNa pUrva aura dakSiNa ke madhya meM nivAsa karatA hai| vaha yahA~ se apane zAsana kA saMcAlana karatA hai| isa dizA meM isake 40 lAkha bhavana haiN| jinameM dizA kI ora jinamaMdira bane hue haiN|24 dakSiNa dizA - pUrva dizA ke dAe bhAgako dakSiNa dizA kahate haiN|dkssinn dizA se hI sUrya apanA cakkara lagAnA prAraMbha karatA hai| isa kAraNa vaha dakSiNAyana hotA hai tathA jinamaMdira meM bhI pUrva se dakSiNa kI ora hokara parikramA lagAI jAtI hai|ghuumne vAle jitane bhI upakaraNa haiM vaha dakSiNa kI ora se hI pradakSiNA dete haiN| vAstava meM prakRti kA cakra hI dakSiNAvarta hai, sUrya kA bhramaNa isakA sabase bar3A pramANa hai| tiloyapaNNatti meM dakSiNa dizA ke svAmI ke viSaya meM kahA hai ki-pANDuka vana ke madhya meM culikA ke pAsa dakSiNa dizA kI ora aMjana nAmaka bhavana hai| isakA vistArAdika pUrvokta bhavana ke hI sadRza hai| tathA aMjana bhavana ke madhya meM ariSTa nAmaka vimAna kA prabhu yama nAmaka lokapAla kAle raMga kI vastrAdika sAmagrI sahita rahatA hai| tathA vahA~ ariSTa vimAna ke parivAra vimAna 6 lAkha 66 hajAra 666 haiN|5 tathA vahAM para dakSiNa dizA meM pratIndra kA nivAsa sthAna bhI banA huA hai|6 naiRta dizAdakSiNa aura pazcima ke madhya kI vidizA ko neRtya vidizA kahate haiN| vaidikoM meM naiRtya dizA kA svAmI nirRti mAnA gayA hai| jisakA saMskRta artha kSaya yA vinAza hotA hai| yaha dizA dakSiNa pazcima havAoM ke kAraNa se sadaiva vinAza ko prApta hotI hai| isa kAraNa bhI ise bhArI karane kA vidhAna kiyA gayA hai| naiRtya dizA meM trAyastriMza jAti ke deva evaM pAriSad jAti ke devoM ke nivAsa sthAna haiN|28

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IL anekAnta 66/4, akTUbara-disambara 2013 pazcima dizA - pazcima kA artha hai pazcabhAga arthAtpUrva dizA ke pIche kA bhAga pazcima kahalAtA hai| isakA svAmI varuNa hai| isakA svabhAva caMcala hai| tiloyapaNNattikAra ne pazcima dizA ke viSaya meM kahA hai - pANDuka vana ke madhya meM cUlikA ke pAsa pazcima dizA meM pUrvokta bhavana ke sadRza vyAsAdi sahita hAridra nAmaka prAsAda hai| usa prAsAda meM sadaiva kucha kama tIna palya pramANa Ayu kA dhAraka jalaprabha nAmaka vimAna kA prabhu varuNa nAmaka lokapAla rahatA hai| jalaprabha vimAna ke parivAra vimAna 6lAkha 66 hajAra 666 haiN|30 vAyavya dizA - pazcima aura uttara dizA ke madhyabhAga vAyavya vidizA kahalAtI hai| yaha vAyukumAra devoM kA nivAsa sthala hai jo uttarendra hai| isake 46 lAkha bhavana haiN| vAyukumAra devoM kI prakati vAyakaraNa hai|tthaa prAkatikadaSTikoNa se dekhA jAe to uttarI pazcima havAoM kA prakopa sadaiva banA rahatA hai jisase vAyu kA dabAva isa dizA meM adhika hotA hai|tiloypnnnnttikaar ne vAyavya koNa meM sAmAnika devoM kA nivAsa batAyA hai| uttara dizA - uttara dizA sabhI phaloM ko dene vAlI sukhadAyI dizA hai| isakA svAmI kubera hotA hai|jo loka vyavahAra meM dhana ka devatA mAnA gayA hai|uttr dizA meM hI jainamata ke anusAra videha kSetra vidyamAna hai| jahA~ sadaiva tIrthakara vidyamAna rahate haiN| tiloyapaNNatti meM uttara dizA ke viSaya meM varNana hai ki- usa pANDuka vana ke madhya meM calikA ke pAsa uttara vibhAga meM pUrvokta bhavana ke sadaza vistAra vAlA pANDuka nAmaka prAsAda hai|us uttama prAsAda meM kucha kama tIna palya pramANa Aya kA dhAraka evaM valguprabha vimAna kA prabhu kubera nAmaka deva rahatA hai|33 brahma sthAna - sabhI dizAoM ke madhya bindu ko brahma sthAna kahate haiN| yaha vAstu puruSakA marma sthAna bhI kahalAtA hai| isa sthAna meM kisI bhI prakAra kA kArya karanA azubha mAnA gayA hai| tiloyapaNNatti kAra ne kahA hai ki

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anekAnta 66/4, akTUbara-disambara 2013 43 bamhuttara heTThavariM rajju ghaNA tiNNi hoMti pttekkN| laMtava kappammi dugaM rajju ghaNo sukka kppmmi|| arthAt brahmottara svarga ke nIce aura Upara kA kSetra samAna mApa vAlA hai| yaha svargakA kendra bindu hai| yahA~ para eka bhavAtArI laukAntika deva nivAsa karate haiN| isa prakAra gaha kA yA maMdira kA kendra binda jisameM kisI bhI prakAra kA nirmANa kArya nahIM karate tathA gRha ke madhya meM paudhe Adi lagavA dete haiM jisase kisI ke paira usa para na par3e tathA maMdira ke madhya meM vedikA Adi banavA kara usakI avinaya hone se bacAte haiN| niSkarSa - vartamAna yuga meM janamAnasa meM nimitta kI prabalatA adhika pragAr3ha hotI jA rahI hai|logoN kA karma siddhAnta se vizvAsa uThatAjA rahA hai|vh nimitta kI kriyAoM jaise vAstu vidhAna, jyotiSa, kriyAkarma Adi kriyAoM ko adhika mahattva de rahA hai| jabaki svayaM ke bhAgya para vizvAsa hI nahIM krtaa| yadi mAnava bhAgya para vizvAsa kara puruSArtha karatA hai to jIvana meM adhika saphala hotA hai| hameM cAhie ki ucita samaya va samyak sthAna kA cayana karake zubhopayoga pUrvaka nirmANa karAkara puNyArjana kreN| saMdarbha sUcI: 1. rAjavArtika adhyAya-9, sUtra-25, vArtika-3,pRSTha 624 2. bRhadravya saMgraha, pRSTha-101 3. vasa nivAse, nAmaka parasmaipadI dhAtu, pANini vyAkaraNa ke anusAra, prathama bhvAdi ___ gaNa, siddhAnta kaumudI sUtra 1074 4. tiloyapaNAtti, 1/268 5. vatthuvijjA, maMdira zilpa, pRSTha-125 6. tiloyapaNNatti, 2/4/1894, 1895, 1901/526, 527 7. vatthuvijjA, maMdira zilpa, pRSTha-108 8. trilokasAra gAthA-978 9. bRhaddavya saMgraha, pRSTha-124 10. trilokasAra, 214, 215, 216 11. vahI, 253-255 12. vahI, 502, 503 13. vahI, 639

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anekAnta 66/4, akTUbara-disambara 2013 14. vahI, 648 15. vatyuvijjA, maMdira zilpa, pRSTha-130 16. AdinAtha purANa, 1/161149-150/359 17. tiloyapaNNatti 1/285/120 18. tiloyapaNNatti, 1/200/64 19. trilokasAra, 548/239 20. nirlepasya jinendrasya vyoma mUrtera mhaadhvre| ___vyoma kezasya dig bhAgaM kurmahe darbha grbhitm|| jinendrapUjA vidhAna, 10 21. tiloyapaNNatti, 3/8/410, 423, 414/542 22. tiloyapaNNatti, 2/4/1863/520 23. tiloyapaNNatti, 2/4/1864/1865/520 24.tiloyapaNNatti, 1/3/17, 20/269,270 25. tiloyapaNNatti, 3/5/66/257 26. tiloyapaNNatti, 2/4/1867,1868,1869/521 27.tiloyapaNNatti, 2/4/1976/542 28. saMskRta hindI koza, pRSTha-520 29. tiloyapaNNatti, 2/4/1981, 1982/543 30. tiloyapaNNatti, 2/4/1871, 1872, 1873/522 31. tiloyapaNNatti, 1/3/19,21/269, 270 32. tiloyapaNNatti, 2/4/545 33. tiloyapaNNatti, 2/4/1875, 1876, 1877, 1879/523 34.tiloyapaNNatti, 1/210/69 -lA.ba.zAstrI rASTrIya saMskRta saMsthAna, 56-57, iMsTTIyUzanala eriyA, paMkhA roDa, janakapurI, naI dillI-110058

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Parapsychological Aspect of Dreams Dr Samani Ramaniya Pragya Introduction The fascination for dreams was breathing in human mind since ancient times. Man's quest for the explanation of the phenomenon of dreams led him to the path of dreafm investigation and interpretation of dreams. Dream is a common experience and therefore people tried to find out the answers for questions like why are dreams, how are they formed, what do they mean and many more such questions were juggling in human mind. The answers have been varied and interesting and sometimes contradictory too. This is what makes the subject more interesting to study in academic pursuit. Definition of Dream There are various kinds of concepts regarding the dreams found in the works of different branches of sciences. Dreams are generally defined as 'series of events or images perceived or experienced through the mind during the sleep. In the World Book of Encyclopedia it is defined with a slight change i.e. 'Dream is a story that a person watches or even takes part in during sleep and dream event are imaginary but they are related to real experiences and needs in dreamers life.' Each person seems to know his own private dreams. Scherner(1861) explained dreaming as a special activity of mind, capable of free expansion only during the state of sleep.' Freud defined dreams as 'Dreams are safety valves for the overburdened brain. They possess the power to heal and relieve." For scientists and psychologists of modern age the concept of soul, psyche and mind is a serious problem. Mind-body research today is revealing many fascinating functions of mind. Dreams are believed to be a purely mental or psychic phenomenon. But there are philosophers who neglect the actual existence of dreams like Jean Paul Sartre, Norman Malcolm, Daniel, and Dennet-all hold the idea that there is no such thing as dream perception in which vision, touch or even thoughts occur.

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31466/4, Tac-fouka 2013 Parapsychological Aspect of Dream in non-Indian History For thousands of years, however, the existence of dreams were believed by many cultures as the most common vehicle for divine revelation. Some societies believe that during sleep the soul enters a parallel world, which is as real and meaningful as our waking existence. In Ancient period, there was a common notion that dreams were inspired by the gods. They had no need to look around for their stimulus: dreams are emanated from the will of divine or demonic powers and their content arose from the knowledge or purpose of those powers. But the scientific age had to face the problem of explaining the source. The earliest notion of dreams was that they were the messages from the gods or dead ancestors as the study of Edward Tylor depicts. Such records can be found in early records of Egyptian and Sumerian cultures. According to ancient views they spoke of the future and they even had healing power. Dream then was understood as a great science of intuition. "The temple of Asclepius, the place of healing, at Epidaurus was furnished with a hall where the sick were advised in dreams. Divination was widely practiced in Greece." In Mesopotamia, there are five thousand years old proof of writings of dreams is found. The people of Sumer culture were recording their dreams. Kings and ministers were giving special attention to dreams. In Greece, people believed that while dreaming divine people entered into the body and after transmitting their message they returned. Hebrew people had a notion that dreams act as a bridge between man and deities or gods. "The Greeks understood sleep and dreams were different... Morphens, the god of dreams is the son of Hypnos, the god of sleep." A Greek Antiphon, in the fourth century BC., wrote the first known descriptive book of dreams. It was designed to be used for practical and professional interpretations. In the second century AD, "Gruppe classified dreams into dreams, visions, oracles, fantasies and apparitions. "He stated two classes of dreams; the somnium, which forecast events, and the insomnium, which are concerned with present matters. For the somnium dreams, Artemidorus gave a dream dictionary."10 Hence he was regarded as the greatest authority of Interpretation of Dreams. In Mesopotamia, there are five thousand years old proof of writings of dreams is found. Plato(428-348 BC.) whilst regarding it as inconceivable that a god should deceive men admitted nevertheless that dreams may come from the gods. He said that "even good men dream of uncontrolled and violent actions, including sexual aggression. These actions are not committed by good men while awake, but criminals act them out without guilt." Aristotle deals with the subtleties of sleep and dreams in three great treatises-De Somno

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3917 66/4, 31ra- fa 2013 et Vigilia; De Insomnis; and De Divinatione Per Somnum. (On Sleep and Dreams - On Sleeping and Waking - On Divination through Sleep.)""2 It is what Freud called the hallucinatory property of dreams. The teaching of the Stoics was along the same lines. They said, if the gods, love man and are omniscient as well as omnipotent, they certainly may disclose their purposes to man in sleep. Earlier Hippocrates, the 'Father of medicine discovered that dreams can reveal the onset of organic illness.14 Hippocrates was born on the island of Kos. On this island there was a famous temple dedicated to Aesculapiuss the god of medicine. There were about 300 such temples in Greece alone, dedicated to healing through the use of dreams. There are many attestations to the efficacy of this technique from patients. During the Hellenistic period, the main focus of dreams was centered on its ability to heal. Temples, called Asceleons, were built around the healing power of dreams. During the middle ages, dreams were seen as evil and its images were temptations from the devil. Up to the beginning of 20th century such notions were living notions. In the early 19th century, dreams were dismissed as stemming from anxiety, a household noise or even indigestion. Hence there was really no meaning to it. Later on in the 19th century, Sigmund Freud revived the importance of dreams. He revolutionized the study of dreams. Freud understood "dreams (like jokes, slips of the tongue, and other symptoms) to be signs of concealed, conflicting desires. He considered powerful desires to be always in conflict, and his theories tried to account for how these conflicts give rise to unintentional expression. Dreams and other unconscious acts conceal even as they reveal wishes that we would rather not face more directly."'17 Ground of Dreams in Indian Perspective All Indian philosophical speculation have a common ultimate objectiveknowledge is for liberation. Liberation is the attainment of the pure self. Hence study of consciousness is undertaken in philosophy. While discussing the states of consciousness, dreaming (svapna) was also considered as a state of consciousness in almost all the philosophies. Dreams, being purely an abstract phenomenon remained a mystic problem in India. Right from Vedas and Vedic literature, Upanisads, Sankhya, Yoga, Nyaya, Vaiseshika, Vedanta, Mimansa, Jain and Buddhist-all the philosophies deal with the issue of dreams sharing similarity in some respects and differing radically in some other ideas. "Soul in itself has no role played in the occurrence of dreams. Although Buddhist mythology is contained of such symbolic and prophetic dreams in life histories, stories etc. but philosophically they have not been reflected upon."18

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48 37491 66/4, 3TRAR- ER 2013 Although there is little of direct discussion on dream as a subject by itself there are observations on dream coherently with other metaphysical issues, which indirectly helped to understand dreams. Whatever is there has a deep philosophical implication as well as mythological elements. Hence in Jainism, we can discuss the dreams from two perspectives: * Philosophical perspective of dreams. * Mythological perspective on dreams. Account of Dreams in Jainism Almost all the dreams that are related to Jain history or quoted in the historical pages of Jain scriptures are symbolic. Only symbolic dreams are much seen in the dreams of illustrations of Jain history. These kinds of dreams are found in various contexts. Such as: (i) Mother's dreams of the mothers of great historical figures. (i) Achievement dream. (a) A person to attain omniscience. (b) A person to attain liberation. (iii) Prophetic dreams. Parapsychological Aspect of Dreams Jainism The Parapsychological aspect of dreams can be studied under many points. Few of them are as follows: 1. Parapsychological aspect in sources of Dream 2. Auspicious and Inauspicious In Dreams 3. Dream Hours and Dream Results 4. Estimated Result of Dreams According to Date 5. Science of Mantra and Dreams 6. Dream Interpretations Based on Zodiac Signs 7. Future Predicting Dreams 8. Inventions in Dreaming 1. Parapsychological aspect Sources of Dream There are causes of dreams hence dream exists. "anubhuya dittha cintiya-suya-payaiviyara-devayanuya simioassa nimittaim punnam pavam ca nabhavo//1703/"20 Experienced seen, thought, heard, physical imbalance, celestial beings, watery area, auspicious and inauspicious karma are the sources of dreams."

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vr vd anekAnta 66/4 akTUbara-disambara 2013 There are many causes of dreams and cause and effect theory says where there is cause, there is effect. Dream being an effect have definitely cause behind them. There are nine sources as depicted in illustrated here: 21 49 Out of these nine sources of dreams only deity-projected dreams and dreams due to auspicious and inauspicious karmas are the future predicting dreams. It is also been said that "Anukulapratikulatam devata tannimittami.e. pleased or displeased celestial beings also projects good and bad dreams. 2. Auspicious and Inauspicious in Dreams There is a list of auspicious and inauspicious dreams. In Bhagavati Sutra,23 when Gautama asked Lord Mahavira, "How many kinds of dreams are there?" Lord replied, "There are forty two kinds of dreams." "There are thirty great dreams." Altogether there are seventy-two dreams. Out of those seventy-two dreams, the mother of tirthankara (ford-maker omniscient) visualizes any fourteen dreams. Mother of Cakravarti (sovereign emperors) visualizes fourteen dreams where as mothers of Vasudeva sees seven dreams, the mother of Baladeva sees four and mother of Mandalika King (A great king under the reign of Cakravarti) sees only one out of the thirty auspicious dreams. The similar illustration is found in Kalpa Sutra2* also as it has given. These are fruitful or auspicious dreams. There is also a mention of inauspicious and fruitless dreams as follows: Day dreaming, very short, very long, old age dreaming agitated mood due to mockery, fear, anger, enthusiasm, guilt, mourning etc. If all these factors are behind the scenes, the dreams are to be counted under the fruitless ones. 3. Dream Hours and Dream Results The mother of Lord Mahavira (Triuala) saw a series of sixteen dreams when the first three quarters of night (by name Roudra, Rak-hasa and Gandhara) were past and the 4th quarter (manohara) was almost towards completion (that means just before sunrise) she saw sixteen auspicious dreams in half-asleep-half awakened state, which had the great result yielding tendency. There is also a mention of seventeenth dream25 In this dream, she saw a royal elephant entering her mouth. Almost all the mothers of great sixty three personalities have seen the great dreams almost at the end of night. In Upani-ad it has been said that the dreams, which are seen in the fourth quarter of night, yield results in actuality. The dream seen in the first quarter of the night provides result in one year, dream seen in the second quarter results in eight months, third quarter dreams results in three months, 4th

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vr 71 anekAnta 66/4 akTUbara-disambara 2013 quarter dreams results in one month, dream seen during sunrise provides its results in ten days and after sunrise dream become fruitful on the very day. In Bhadrabahu Samhita similar verse in found 26 Zodiac signs date, day and time all have effect on the results of the dreams. In Svapna Vijnana, there is mention of these in detail. Few of them are illustrated here. 50 4. Estimated Result of Dreams According to Date It is listed in chart. The days are according to Indian calendar like bright or dark fortnight. The dreams appeared on the first day to fifteenth day of the fortnights result as follows: TABLE-1 Dream Results Appeared on Days of Bright Fortnight27 1st day 2nd day 3rd day 4th and 5thday 6th, 7th, 8th, 9th, 10th day 11th, 12th day 13th, 14th day 15th 1st day 2nd day TABLE-2 Dream results Appeared on Days of Dark Fortnight28 3rd/4th day 5th/6th day 7 day 8th, 9th day 10th, 11th, 12th, 13th delayed results opposite result i.e. dream on self, effect on others and dream on others and effect on self. 14th day 15th day contradictory and delayed results. result would be attained within two months totwo year. fruitless dreams delayed results fruitless or delayed results definitely result yielding. Fruitless delayed results Fruitless come true after two months to three yers. definitely very soon result yielding opposite results day Fruitless true and soon result yielding Fruitless vr

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vr Fi anekAnta 66/4 akTUbara-disambara 2013 The dream interpretation according to Zodiac signs have been given in Svapna Vijnana. Few of them are as follows29: 51 Science of Mantra and Dreams There is also a mention of interesting ways which helps for dream intuition such as there are some mantras, which when chanted on a estimated time with prescribed methodology and rituals foretells the future happening in dreams. Few of such mantras are as follows:30 1. Om namo savvakevalinam swaha 2. Om hrim shrim arham swaha 3. Om hrim namo payanusarinam om kraum jhroum swaha 4. Om namo arihamtnam appdihayavara damsanadharanam viappacchaumanam aim swaha. Reflection These symbolic dreams in Jainism are no doubt having a mythical touch by nature but that does not prove it as unreal or existent less or arbitrary explanation. Such symbols have been prevalent in those times. It may be that they might have been factual. Dreams predicting the arrival of great soul are found in almost all the cultures of India and even in other Asian countries. Another possibility is that people of that age may have some mystic powers explored through their own efforts that are completely out of reach to the understanding of the modern world. Basing on facts available we can only assume that although there is no clarity or lack of evidences to prove their historicity but still they cannot be considered mere imagination or mental framings. Jain Vishwa Bharti Sansthan (Deemed Unversity) Ladnun (Raj.) vr

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vAstu zAMti kI AvazyakatA evaM vaiziSTya DaoN. surendrakumAra jaina 'bhAratI' vAstu zabda kI saMracanA ke mUla meM vastu zabda hai| yaha saMskRta ke vAsa' zabda se banA hai jisakA artha hai nivAsa krnaa'| yaha kisI ke sthira hone kI sUcanA detA hai| vAstu ke mUla meM bhUmi aura usake Upara miTTI sImenTa, cUnA, IMTa, patthara, lohA, lakar3I Adi se nirmita bhavana hotA hai| sAmAjika dRSTi se jaba manuSya samAja ke bIca meM saMskArita hokara rahatA hai taba use vAstu kI AvazyakatA hotI hai jahA~ vaha rahakara dhUpa, pAnI (varSA), zIta se baca ske| vaha prakRti ke prakopa se bhI bacA raha sake aura prakRti ko apane anukUla DhAla bhI ske|iske lie Avazyaka hai ki vAstu kI saMracanA zAstra sammata ho| kahA bhI hai ki prasAdo maNDapazcaiva, vinA zAstreNa yaH kRtH| viparIta vibhAgeSu, yo'nyathA vinivezayet / / 21 / / viparIta phalaM tasya, aniSTaM tu prjaayte| Ayu zo manastApaH putra-nAzaH kulkssyH||22|| zAstra pramANa ke binA yadi devAlaya,maNDapa gaha, dakAna aura tala bhAga Adi kA vibhAga kiyA jAegA to usakA phala viparIta hI milegA, aniSTa hogA, asamaya meM Ayu kA nAza, putranAza, kula-kSaya aura manastApa hogaa| __ mAnava jIvana ke cAra puruSArtha mAne gaye haiM-dharma, artha, kAma aura mokss| inameM se prathama tIna puruSArtha-dharma(dhArmika AcaraNa,puNyopArjana), artha(dhana kamAnA), kAma(bhautika jIvana kA AnaMda uThAnA) ghara meM rahakara hI manuSya karatA hai|atH mAnava jIvana meM vAstu kA vizeSa mahatva hai| saMsAra ko bar3hAne kA kArya saMtati kA hai, saMtati ke saMrakSaNa kA kArya bhI saMsAriyoM kA hai| ataH unake nivAsa ke lie unake svAsthya rakSaNa ke lie, unake pArivArika vAtAvaraNa ke lie, upArjita vastuoM ke rakha-rakhAva evaM saMrakSaNa ke lie uttama vAstu kA honA

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anekAnta 66/4, akTUbara-disambara 2013 Avazyaka hai|atHhm kaha sakate haiM ki eka sAmAjika manuSya ke lie vAstu Avazyaka hai|atH vAstu saMracanA ke bAda usameM praveza karane se pahale vAstuzAMti kara/karA lenA Avazyaka hai tAki Apake vaiyaktika, bhautika evaM sAMsArika vikAsa meM ApakA vAstu ApakA sahAyaka bana ske| vAstu nirmANa meM sad evaM asad vicAroM kA melajaba koI vyakti vAstu nirmANa karatA hai to usake vicAra sad hote haiN| usameM atyanta utsAha hotA hai aura vahacAhatA hai ki nirmANakArya meM jitanI bhI sAmagrI lage saba acchI se acchI honA caahie| usa samaya vaha sastI yA halkI vastuoM ke sthAna para ma~hagI aura sundara vastuoM kA upayoga karatA hai|vh vAstu meM prakAza evaM havA hetu yatheSTa jharokhe, daravAje Adi nirmita karatA hai| jaba nirmANa kArya prAraMbha karatA hai to sarvaprathama bhUmi kI zAMti karAtA hai aura apane iSTa devatA kA smaraNa kara usa para nivAsa karane vAle devAdika ko saMtuSTa karane kA prayAsa karatA hai|jl,cNdn,shkkr,ghRt,naariyl Adi samarpita karatA hai| kintu bhavana nirmAtA kI bhAvanA, soca evaM kArya ke viparIta vAstu iMjIniyara, ThekedAra, kArIgara aura majadUra Adi kI soca, bhAvanA evaM kAryapaddhati vaisI nahIM hotii|unmeN apane vAstu nirmAtA ke prati IrSyA, DAha kI bhAvanA bhI utpanna ho sakatI hai| majadUra varga ke vicAra bhI asad hote haiN| ve vAstu nirmANa ke samaya Apasa meM gAlI-galauja, mArapITa evaM visaMvAda karate haiN|ytr tatra mala-mUtra prakSepaNa karate haiN| aisI sthiti meM vAstukA azuddha honA aura viparIta prabhAvakArI honA svAbhAvika hai| ___ vAstu ke nirmANa meM jisa sAmagrI kA nirmANa hotA hai usa sAmagrI ke nirmANa meM bhI aneka dUSita padArtha upayoga meM lAye jAte haiN| hiMsaja padArthoM kA bhI unameM upayoga hotA hai| una vastuoM ke rakhane ke sthAna bhI prAyaH zuddha nahIM hote|duusre una para kuttA-billI Adi jAnavara baiThakara unheM apavitra karate rahate haiN| kAlA TIkAvAstu nirmAtA vAstu nirmANa karate samaya vAstu ko kudRSTi se bacAne ke lie nirmANa kArya ke prAraMbha se lekara anta taka kAlA ghar3A bhavana para TAMga kara rakhate haiM yA kAlI lAina koyalA se banA dete the|

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IL anekAnta 66/4, akTUbara-disambara 2013 ___ pahale loga azuddha padArthoM ke upayoga se bacane ke lie nimnalikhita upAya karate the| 1. bhavana nirmANa ke lie pAnI chAnakara upayoga karate the|imphaal nivAsI eka vyakti ne batAyA ki unake pitA bar3e dhArmika the aura unhoMne rAjasthAna sthita makAna kA nirmANa svayaM pAnI chAnakara karavAyA thaa| 2. IMTa aura reta ko pAnI meM dhulakara nirmANa kArya meM upayoga karate the| 3. prAyaH mAMsAhArI kArIgaroM, majadUroM ko kAma para nahIM lagAte the tAki vaicArika zuddhi banI rhe| 4. vAstu nirmANa meM sahAyaka sAmagrI bhI aise dukAnadAroM se nahIM kharIdate the jo pratyakSa-apratyakSa hiMsA karate hoM yA hiMsA meM vizvAsa rakhate hoN| eka aura bhI kAraNa vAstuzAMti ke lie banatA hai aura vaha yaha hai ki vAstunirmANa se pUrvakhAlI bhUmi para loga kacarA AdiDAlate haiN|vhaaNvyntraadik bhI apanA nivAsa sthAna banA lete haiN| isalie vAstu nirmANa ke bAda gRha praveza se pUrva usake zuddhikaraNa hetu vAstuzAMti Avazyaka hai| vAstu zAMtigRhasthAcAra ke anusAra vyaktiyoM ke nivAsa ke lie ghara honA caahie|yh ghara vikRtiyoM se aura sukha zAMti denA vAlA honA caahie|usmeN rahanevAle nivAsiyoM meM paraspara saujanya, Adara, sammAna, prema, atithi satkAra kI bhAvanA, vAtsalya tathA kArya karane meM utsAha honA caahie|yh sthiti banAne ke lie gRha-praveza se pUrva vAstu zAMti Avazyaka hotI hai| yaha paddhati prAcIna kAla se calI A rahI hai| mahAbhArata ke eka prasaMga se jJAta hotA hai ki jaba duryodhana ne indraprastha meM apanA bhavana banAyA to gRhapraveza ke avasara para pANDavoM ko AmaMtrita kiyaa| isase vAstu zAMti karAne kI prAcIna paramparA kA patA calatA hai| vAstu zAMti deva,zAstra, guru evaM gRhasthAcArya kI sannidhi meM evaM parivArI tathA sAmAjikajanoM kI upasthiti meM maMgala vAtAvaraNa meM karanA caahie| vAstuzAMti ke dina zrIzAMtinAtha maNDala vidhAna tathA bhaktAmara pATha,maMtra jApa, havana karanA cAhie tathA ukta kriyAoM ke pazcAt gAje bAje ke sAtha gRha daMpati ko zrI jina maMdira se maMgala kalaza lAkara svasti vAcana ke sAtha

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anekAnta 66/4, akTUbara-disambara 2013 akSata-puSpAdikSepaNa karate hue pramukha dvAra para U~, svastika,zubha-lAbha likhakara gRhapraveza karanA cAhie tathA zrI jina maMdira se lAyA huA maMgalakalaza IzAna koNa meM sthApita karanA cAhie tathA sabhI parivArajanoM ko bhoja karanA caahie| zAMti vidhAna kahA~ kiyA jAye; isa viSaya meM do mata hai - ___ 'pratiSThA parAga' (pR.204) meM gRhapraveza ke sambandha meM likhA hai ki-gRhapraveza anuSThAna ke eka dina pUrva maMdira jI meM hI zAMti vidhAna kreN| jisa navIna tAmra kalaza ko ghara meM sthApita karanA hai use pUrNa sAmagrI ke sAtha vidhAna maNDala para vidhipUrvaka sthApita kareM, jise gRhapraveza ke dina maMdira se lekara aayeNge| vartamAna meM prAyaH navanirmita ghara meM hI kahIM-kahIM jina maMdira se mUrtilAkara, kahIM vinAyaka yaMtra lAkara aura kahIM kevala jinavANI kI sthApanA kara zrI zAMtinAtha mahAmaNDala vidhAna kara Ayojana kiyA jAtA hai| zrI zAMtinAtha mahAmaNDala vidhAna ke pUrva abhiSeka, pUjana, deva, zAstra, guru, navadevatA evaM vinAyaka yaMtra pUjana ke uparAMta siddhabhakti kAyotsargapUrvaka zAMtidAyaka maMtra kA jApa karanA cAhie tathA gaMdhodaka sabhI dIvAloM para prakSepita karanA caahie| maMtra jApa se vAstu kA vAtAvaraNa bhAvanAtmaka rUpa se zuddha hotA hai| isake pazcAt NamokAra maMtrapATha,zrIzAMtinAtha maNDala vidhAna athavA bhaktAmara maNDala vidhAna sarvazAMti kI bhAvanA se karanA caahie| ___ vidhAna ke uparAMta jape hue maMtra kI dazAMza AhutipUrvaka zAMti havana karanA caahie| havana karane se vAstu meM uSmA aura sakArAtmaka UrjA meM vRddhi hotI hai jisa taraha binA agni meM jalAe dhAtu Adi kI khoTa nahIM miTatI vaise hI binA havana ke vAstudoSoM kA zamana nahIM hotaa|hvn ke pazcAt dAnAdi evaM jinavANI bheMTa karanA caahie| gRhasthAcArya kA sammAna karanA caahie| navIna gRha ke mukhya dvAra para raMgolI banAnA caahie| - gRhapraveza se pUrva mukhya dvAra para pahu~cakara digvaMdhana kareM tathA dvAra ke Upara TaHTa (svAstika, o3m. svAstika) kI saMracanA kara zrI mahAvIrAya namaH tathA daravAje ke bAyeM-dAyeM zubha-lAbha likhanA caahie| ___ daravAje ke bAyeM-dAyeM suhAgina mahilA se hasta chApa (kramazaH do evaM tIna) lagavAkara maMgala kalaza, dIpaka evaM maMgala dravya ke sAtha NamokAra maMtra par3hate hue vAstu nirmAtA daMpati ko gRhapraveza karanA caahie|

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IL anekAnta 66/4, akTUbara-disambara 2013 vAstu zAMti ke lie mAMgalika cinhoM kI sthApanAvAstu (gRha) meM rahane vAle aura vAstu meM praveza karane vAle (atithi) kI pravRtti sakArAtmaka banI rahe isalie vAstu meM mAMgalika cinhoM kI saMracanA evaMmAMgalika vastuoM kI sthApanA kI jAtI hai| aise kucha mAMgalika cinha isa prakAra haiM 1. Ta (svastika) - svastika kA AkAra saMsAra kI saMracanA, saMsAra kA nAza, cAragati, cAra dizA aura cAra anuyoga kA sUcaka hai|atH isakA dIvAroM para, makAna ke sarvocca sthAna para banAe jAnA; jahA~ se sabhI ko makAna kI ora prathama dRSTi DAlate hI dikhAI de; zubha hotA hai| ise pramukha dvAra para pramukhatA se citrita karanA caahie|khaataa-bhii, dharma graMtha, tijorI, alamArI yA jo bhI nayI vastu ghara meM AtI hai|srvprthm una parasvastika banAnA caahie|yh Rddhi-siddhi dAyaka bhI mAnA jAtA hai| dekhane meM sukhada pratIta hotA hai| ise kisI bhI samaya, kisI bhI sthAna para ulTa nahIM banAnA caahie| 2.ra(nandyAvarta svastika)-nandyAvarta svastika kI saMracanA bhI gRha meM zAMti evaM sukhadAyaka hotI hai| jaina dharmAnuyAyI nandyAvarta svastika kA upayoga karate haiN|yh dasoM dizAoM kA bhI sUcaka hotA hai|isse ahiMsaka bhAvanA kA saMcAra hotA hai| ___ 3.cha(OM)- o3m gRha ke mukhya dvAra kI caukhaTa ke bIca meM lagAnA caahie| yaha paMcaparameSThI kA sUcaka hai| saMsAra ke Adhe se adhika dharma aura darzanoM meM ise brahma kA vAcaka mAnA gayA hai| yaha prathama bIjAkSara maMtra hai| isake dekhane se zakti kA saMcaya hotA hai tathA mana meM zAMti kI tRpti hotI hai| isase paMcaparameSThI ke prati AsthA prakaTa hotI hai aura AstikatA kA saMcAra hotA hai| 4.(maMgala kalaza)- vAstu ke IzAnakoNa meM nAriyala yuktadhAtuyA mRttikA kalaza kI sthApanA karanI caahie| yaha kalaza paMcaraMga sUtaveSTita, haldI gAMTha, sapArI.pIlI sarasoM, akSata-paSpa rajata svastika.paMcaratna.rajata sikkA.jala Adi se parita honA cAhie tathA kalaza ke Upara kesara se cAroM ora svastika bane honA caahie| gRha praveza ke samaya jina maMdira meM darzana pUjana ke uparAMta vAstunirmAtA daMpati maMgala kalaza ko lAkara hI gRha praveza karate haiN| yaha dhana dhAnya se bhare hone kI sUcanA detA hai|

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anekAnta 66/4, akTUbara-disambara 2013 5. pha (triloka jaina cinha)- tIna loka kI AkRti kA sUcaka jisake nIce "parasparopagraho jIvAnAm" likhA rahatA hai| yaha kamara para donoM hAtha rakhe puruSa kA cinha; jisa para siddhazilA kA AkAra, ratnatraya ke sUcaka tIna bindu, svastika tathA ahiMsA evaM abhaya kA sUcaka hAtha banA rahatA hai aisA cinha vAstu kI dIvAla para banAne se maMgala meM vRddhi hotI hai, samRddhi AtI hai| __ Ajakala kucha loga mukhya daravAje para caraNa pAdukAeM banA dete haiM yaha ucita nahIM hai|vaise bhI mukhya daravAje para yA mukhya daravAje ke sAmane jUtA-cappala Adi nahIM rakhanA caahie| isase nakArAtmaka UrjA saMcarita hotI hai| isI taraha caukhaTa para aise koI vastu nahIM laTakAnA cAhie jo Ate-jAte samaya sira ko lge| yaha anAvazyaka bhaya kA kAraNa banatI hai| apane ghara meM hiMsaka jAnavaroM kA rakhanA, pAlanA bhI ucita nahIM hai| gRhapraveza muhUrta - gRhapraveza ke lie citrA, anurAdhA, uttarA phAlgunI, uttarA bhAdrapada, uSA, revatI, mRgazira, rohiNI nakSatra uttama mAne jAte haiN| vAra kI dRSTi se gRhapraveza ke lie somavAra, budhavAra, guruvAra aura zukravAra acche mAne gaye haiN| tithi kI dRSTi se dvitIyA, tRtIyA,paMcamI,SaSThI,saptamI, dazamI,ekAdazI, trayodazI, gRhapraveza ke lie acche mAne gaye haiN| ___ lagna kI dRSTi se 2, 5, 8,11 uttama tathA 3, 6,9,12 madhyama gRhapraveza ke lie mAne gaye haiN| lagna se 1, 2, 3, 5, 7, 9,10,11 ina sthAnoM meM zubhagraha zubha evaM 3, 6, 11, sthAnoM meM pApagraha zubha hote haiN| 4, 8, sthAnoM meM koI graha nahIM honA caahie| ghara meM praveza ke adhikAra - prazna uThatA hai ki ghara meM praveza ke adhikArI kauna haiM? jo vAstu nirmAtA hai vaha ghara meM praveza kA adhikArI hai| kintu "na dharmo dhArmikainA" kI nIti ke anusAra dharma dhArmikoM ke binA nahIM hotaa| ataH jinendra deva, jinavANI aura

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vr anekAnta 66/4, akTUbara-disambara 2013 jina guru ko bhI nava nirmita vAstu meM praveza kA adhikAra honA cAhie, hotA hI hai| yahA~ dhyAna rahe ki gRha caityAlaya ke abhAva meM ghara meM jinendra deva (arahanta mUrti) kI sthApanA kadApi nahIM karanA caahie| unake sthAna para niyama se ucca sthAna para jinavANI kI sthApanA karanA cAhie tAki yadi vAstu saMbandhI koI doSa raha bhI gayA hai to vaha jinavANI ke kAraNa apanA prabhAva nahIM dikhA pAyegA / 58 jina guru do hI sthitiyoM meM gRhastha ke ghara praveza karate haiM - 1. AhAra ke nimitta, 2. kisI ke dvArA sallekhanA vrata lene para usake sambodhanArtha / ataH jaba bhI AcArya,upAdhyAya yA muni apane ghara kI sImA meM AyeM taba unake lie AhAra hetu avazya par3agAhana karanA caahie| binA atithi satkAra, guru ko AhAra (atithi saMvibhAga vrata kI saMyojanA) karAye ghara pavitra nahIM hotaa| tathA sabhI gRhavAsiyoM ko sallekhanA kI bhAvanA banAe rakhanA caahie| isI taraha sAdharmI bhAI-bahinoM ke lie bhI atithi ke tulya praveza denA caahie| apane kuTumbIjanoM, nAte-riztedAroM ko bhI ghara meM praveza denA caahie| jo ghara ke svAmI haiM una sabhI ko bhI paraspara milajula kara ghara meM rahanA caahie| ghara meM aise koI kArya nahIM karanA cAhie jisase ghara kA vAtAvaraNa dUSita hotA ho| madyapAna, mAMsa bhakSaNa, juA Adi duSkRtya kabhI nahIM karanA caahie| akulIna evaM vyabhicArI, vyasanIjanoM kA praveza sadaiva varjita honA caahie| rAtri bhojana kA tyAga honA caahie| dhArmika evaM pArivArika vAtAvaraNa nirmita honA caahie| aisA karane para hI vAstu zAMti tathA vAstu meM rahane vAle nara-nAriyoM ko zAMti prApta hogI tathA sukha evaM samRddhi meM vRddhi hogii| - pradhAna saMpAdaka, "pArzva jyoti (mAsika) ela- 65, nyU indirAnagara, burahAnapura (ma.pra.) IL

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nA vr lezyA svarUpa evaM vimarza DaoN. yogeza kumAra jaina DaoN. zvetA jaina kaSAya se anuraMjita jIva kI mana, vacana, kAya kI pravRtti bhAva lezyA hai / Agama meM inakA varNana kRSNAdi chaha raMgoM dvArA nirdezita kiyA gayA hai| inameM se tIna zubha va tIna azubha hotI hai| rAga va kaSAya kA abhAva ho jAne se mukta jIvoM ko lezyA nahIM hotii| zarIra ke raMga ko dravyalezyA kahate haiM / deva va nArakiyoM meM dravya va bhAva lezyA samAna hotI hai, para anya jIvoM meM inakI samAnatA kA niyama nahIM hai| dravya lezyA Ayu paryanta eka hI rahatI hai para bhAva lezyA jIvoM ke pariNAmoM ke anusAra barAbara badalatI rahatI hai| prAkRta paMcasaMgraha meM lezyA ko pratipAdita karate huye AcArya kahate haiM ki - lippai appIkIrai eyAe Niyaya puNNa pAvaM ca / jIvo tti hoi lesA lesA guNajANayakkhAyA / / jaha geruveNa kuDDo lippara leveNa AmapiTTeNa / taha pariNAmoM lippara suhAsuhayatti levveNa / / arthAt jisake dvArA jIva puNya-pApa se apane ko lipta karatA hai, unake AdhIna karatA hai usako lezyA kahate haiN| jisa prakAra AmapiSTa se mizrita gerU - miTTI ke lepa dvArA dIvAla lIpI yA raMgI jAtI hai, usI prakAra zubha aura azubha bhAva rUpa lepa ke dvArA jo AtmA kA pariNAma lipta kiyA jAtA hai, usako lezyA kahate haiN| dhavalAkAra kahate haiM ki- "limpatIti lezyA |......krmbhiraatmaanmity dhyAhArapekSitvAt athavAtmapravRtti saMzleSaNakArI lezyA / pravRtti zabdasya karma IL vr

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anekAnta 66/4, akTUbara-disambara 2013 pryaaytvaat|"2 arthAt jo limpana karatI hai usako lezyA kahate haiN|jo karmoM se AtmA ko lipta karatI hai usako lezyA kahate haiN| athavA jo AtmA aura karma kA sambandha karane vAlI hai usako lezyA kahate haiN| yahA~ para pravRtti zabda karma kA paryAyavAcI hai| isa prakAra saMkSepa meM kaha sakate haiM ki kaSAya ke udaya se anuraMjita moha aura yoga kI pravRtti ko bhAvalezyA aura zarIra ke pIta-padmAdi voM ko dravyalezyA kahate haiN| dravya lezyA pudgala vipAkI zarIra nAmakarma ke udaya se hotI hai| ataH AtmabhAvoM ke prakaraNa meM usakA yahA~ grahaNa nahIM kiyA hai| bhAvalezyA kaSAya ke udaya se anuraMjita yogavRtti kA nimitta pAkara hotI hai, isIlie kaSAya audayikI kahI jAtI hai| lezyAoM ke prakAra va svarUpa - lezyA mukhyarUpa se dravya aura bhAva ke bheda se do prakAra kI hai| yahA~ bhAvalezyA kA viSaya hai tathA bhAvalezyA chaha prakAra kI hai|leshyaa ke bhedoM kA varNana karate hue paMcAdhyAyIkAra kahate haiM ki - lezyA SaDeva vikhyAtA bhAvA audayikAH smRtaaH| yasmAdyogakaSAyAbhyAM dvAbhyAmevo dyodbhvaaH|| lezyAoM ke chaha bheda haiM-1.kRSNa 2. nIla 3.kApota 4.pIta5. padma aura 6.shukl|inhiiN chaha bhedoM se lezyAyeM prasiddha haiN| lezyAyeM bhI jIva ke audayika bhAva haiM, kyoMki lezyAyeM yoga aura kaSAyoM ke udaya se hotI haiN|krmo ke udaya se hone vAle AtmA ke bhAvoM kA nAma hI audayikabhAva hai| yoga aura kaSAya ke samudAya kA nAma lezyA hai tathA yaha lezyA hI prakRti-pradeza-sthiti aura anubhAga ina cAroM prakAra ke bandha kA kAraNa hai| (i) kRSNalezyAH caMDo Na mucaiveraM, bhaMDaNasIlo ya dhmmdyrhio| duTTho Na ya edi vasaM, lakkhaNameyaM tu kinnhss||

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anekAnta 66/4, akTUbara-disambara 2013 kRSNalezyA vAle jIva ke bhAva azubhatam arthAt mUla se nAza karane vAle bhAva hote haiN| kRSNa lezyA vAlA jIva tIvra krodha karatA hai, baira ko nahIM chor3atA hai, yuddha ke lie sadA tatpara rahatA hai, dayA-dharma se rahita hotA hai, duSTa hotA hai aura kisI ke vaza meM nahIM AtA hai| (ii) nIlalezyAH maMdobuddhivihINo, NivviNANI ya visayalolo y| mANI mAyI ya tahA, Alasso ceva bhejjo y|| NiddAvaMcaNa bahulo, dhaNadhaNNe hodi tivvasaNNA y|| lakkhaNameyaM bhaNiyaM, samAsado nniillessss||5 jo jIva maMda arthAt svachanda hotA hai, vartamAna kArya karane meM viveka rahita hotA hai, kalA-cAtUrya se rahita hotA hai, paMcendriya ke viSayoM meM lampaTa hotA hai, mAnI,mAyAvI, AlasI, bhIrU tathA dUsaroM kA abhiprAya sahasA najAnane vAlA, ati nidrAlu, dUsaroM ko Thagane meM atidakSa ho aura dhana-dhAnya ke viSaya meM jisakI atitIvra lAlasA ho, vaha nIla lezyA vAle pariNAma se yukta hotA hai| aisA Asakta jIva nIlalezyA ke sAtha dhUma-prabhA naraka pRthvI taka jAtA hai| (iii) kApotalezyAH rUsai NiMdai aNNe, dUsai bahuso sa soya bhaya bhulo| asuyai paribhavai paraM, pasaMsaye appayaM bhuso|| Na ya pattiyai paraM so appANaM yiva paraM pi bhnnnnNto| thUsai abhitthuvaMto, Na ya jANai hANi-vaDiM vaa|| maraNaM patthei raNe, dei subahugaM vi thuvvamANo du| Na gaNai kajjAkajjaM, lakkhaNameyaM tu kaauss|| arthAt dUsare ke Upara krodha karanA, dUsaroM kI niMdA karanA, aneka prakAra se dUsaroM ko duHkha denA athavA dUsaroM se baira karanA, adhikatarazokAkulita rahanA tathA bhayagrasta rahanA yA ho jAnA, dUsaroM ke aizvaryAdi ko sahana na kara sakanA, dUsare kA tiraskAra karanA, apanI nAnA prakAra se prazaMsA karanA dUsaroM ke Upara vizvAsa na karanA apane samAna dUsaroM ko bhI mAnanA, stuti karane vAle para saMtuSTa

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anekAnta 66/4, akTUbara-disambara 2013 ho jAnA, apanI hAni vRddhi ko kucha bhI na samajhanA, raNa meM marane kI prArthanA karanA, stuti karane vAle ko khUba dhana denA, apane kArya-akArya kI kucha bhI gaNanA na karanA ye saba kApota lezyA vAle ke cinha haiN| mAtsarya, paizUnya, paraparibhava,AtmaprazaMsA paraparivAda, jIvana nairAzya, prazaMsaka ko dhana denA, yuddha maraNodyama Adi kApotalezyA ke kAraNa haiN| (iv) pItalezyAH jaNai kajjAkajjaM seyamasayaM ca svvsmpaasii| dayadANarado ya midU lakkhaNameyaM tu teuss||" arthAt apane kArya-akArya, sevya-asevya ko samajhane vAlA ho, sabake viSaya meM samadarzI ho, dayA-dAna meM tatpara ho,mana-vacana-kAya ke viSaya meM komala pariNAmI honA, pItalezyA vAle ke cinha haiN| (v) padmalezyAH cAgI bhaddo cokkho, ujjavakammo ya khamadi bahugaM pi| sAhugurupUjaNarado, lakkhaNameyaM tu pmmss|| jo dAna dene vAlA ho, bhadrapariNAmI ho jisakA uttama kArya karane kA svabhAva ho,kaSTa rUpa tathA aniSTarUpa upadravoM ko sahana karane vAlA ho, munijana gurujana Adi kI pUjA meM prItiyukta ho, ye saba padmalezyA vAle ke lakSaNa haiN| (vi) zuklalezyAH Na ya kuNai pakkhavAyaM, Na vi ya NidANaM samo ye svvesiN| Natthi ya rAyaddosA, Neho vi ya sukklessss|| arthAt pakSapAta na karanA, nidAnakona bAMdhanA,saba jIvoM meM samadarzI honA, iSTa meM rAga aura aniSTa meM dveSa na karanA, strI-putra-mitra Adi meM sneharahita honA, ye saba zuklalezyA vAle ke lakSaNa haiN| ina chahoM lezyAoM vAle jIvoM ke vicAroM ke viSaya meM eka dRSTAnta bhI prasiddha hai- chaha pathika jaMgala ke mArga meM jA rahe the| mArga bhUlakara ve ghUmate hue eka

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IL anekAnta 66/4 akTUbara-disambara 2013 Ama ke vRkSa ke pAsa pahu~ca gye| usa vRkSa ko phaloM se bharA huA dekhakara kRSNalezyA vAle ne apane vicAroM ke anusAra kahA ki maiM isa vRkSa ko jar3a se ukhAr3akara isake Ama khAU~gA / nIlalezyA vAle apane vicAroM ke anusAra kahA ki maiM jar3a se to ise ukhAr3anA nahIM cAhatA, kintu skandha (jar3a ke Upara kA bhAga) se kATakara isake Ama khAU~gA / kApotalezyA vAle apane vicAra ke anusAra kahA ki maiM bar3I bar3I zAkhAoM ko girAkara Ama khaauuNgaa| pItalezyA vAle ne apane pariNAma anusAra kahA ki maiM bar3I-bar3I zAkhAoM ko tor3akara samagra vRkSa kI hariyAlI ko kyoM naSTa karU~, kevala isakI choTI-choTI DAliyoM ko tor3akara hI Ama khAU~gA / padmalezyA vAle apane vicAroM ke anusAra kahA ki maiM to isake phaloM ko hI tor3akara khAU~gA / zuklalezyA vAle ne apane vicAroM ke anusAra kahA ki tuma to phaloM ke khAne kI icchA se itanA bar3A Arambha (pApa) karane ke lie udyata ho / maiM to kevala vRkSa se svayaM TUTakara gire hue phaloM ko hI bInakara khAU~gA / 63 bheda-prabheda - isa prakAra chahoM lezyAoM ke svarUpa varNana ke uparAnta lezyAoM ke aMzoM (bhedoM) kA kathana isa prakAra hai : lessANaM khalu aMsA, chavvIsA hoMti tattha majjhimayA / AugabaMdhaNa jogA, avagarisakAlabhavA / / 1deg arthAt lezyAoM ke kula chabbIsa aMza haiM, inameM se ATha aMza jo ki ATha apakarSa kAla meM hote haiM, ve hI Ayukarma ke bandha ke yogya hote haiN| chahoM lezyAoM ke jaghanya, madhyama, utkRSTa bheda kI apekSA aThAraha bheda hote haiN| inameM ATha apakarSakAla sambandhI aMzoM ke milAne para 26 bheda ho jAte haiN| jaise kisI karmabhUmi ke manuSya yA tiryaMca kI bhujyamAna Ayu kA pramANa chaha hajAra pAMca sau ikasaTha varSa hai| isake tIna bhAga meM se do bhAga bItane para aura eka bhAga zeSa rahane para, isa eka bhAga ke prathama samaya se lekara antarmuhUrtaparyanta prathama apakarSakA kAla kahA jAtA hai| isa apakarSa kAla meM parabhava sambandhI Ayu IL

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anekAnta 66/4, akTUbara-disambara 2013 kA bandha hotA hai| yahA~ para bandha na ho to avaziSTa eka bhAga ke tIna bhAga meM se do bhAga bItane para aura eka bhAga zeSa rahane para usake prathama samaya se lekara antarmuhUrta paryanta dvitIya apakarSa kAla meM hotA hai aura tIsare meM bhI na ho to cauthe, pAMcaveM, che, sAtaveM, AThaveM apakarSa meM se kisI bhI apakarSa meM parabhava sambandhI Ayu kA bandha hotA hai| parantu phira bhI yaha niyama nahIM hai ki ina ATha apakarSoM meM se kisI bhI apakarSa meM AyukA bandha hohI jaaye|kevl ina apakarSoM meM Ayukarma ke bandha kI yogyatA mAtra batAI gaI hai| isalie yadi kisI bhI apakarSa meM bandha na ho to asaMkSepAddhA (bhujyamAna Ayu kA aMtima AvalI ke asaMkhyAtaveM bhAga pramANakAla) se pUrva ke antarmuhUrta meM avazya hI Ayu kA bandha hotA hai, yaha niyama hai| ___ bhujyamAna Ayu ke tIna bhAgoM meM se do bhAga bItane para avaziSTa eka bhAga ke prathama antarmuhUrta pramANa kAla ko apakarSa kahate haiN| isa apakarSa kAla meM lezyAoM ke ATha madhyamAMzoM meM se jo aMza hogA unake anusAra Ayuzo meM se jo koI aMza jisa apakarSa meM hogA usa hI apakarSa meM Ayu kA bandha hogA, dUsare meM nhiiN| __jIvoM ke do bheda haiM- eka sopakramAyuSka dUsarA anupkrmaayussk| jinakA viSabhakSaNAdi nimitta ke dvArA maraNa saMbhava ho unakA sopakramAyuSka kahate haiM aura jo isase rahita haiM unako anupakramAyuSka kahate haiN|jo sopakramAyuSka haiM unake to ukta rIti se hI parabhava sambandhI Ayu kA bandha hotA hai| kintu anupakramAyuSkoM meM kucha bheda haiM,vaha yaha hai ki anupakramAyuSkoM meM jo deva aura nArakI haiM ve apanI Ayu ke aMtima chaha mAha zeSa rahane para Ayu ke bandha karane ke yogya hote haiN| isameM bhI chaha mahInA ke ATha apakarSa kAla meM hI Ayu kA bandha karate haiM, dUsare kAla meM nhiiN|jo bhogabhUmi ke manuSya yA tiryaMca haiM, usakI AyukA pramANa ekakoTipUrvavarSa aura eka samaya se lekara tIna palyopama paryanta hai|inmeN se ve apanI-apanI yathAyogya Ayu ke antima nau mahInA zeSa rahane para unhIM nau mahInA ke ATha apakarSo meM se kisI bhI apakarSa meM Ayu kA bandha karate haiN| isa prakAra ye lezyAoM ke ATha aMza Ayu bandha ke kAraNa hai|

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anekAnta 66/4, akTUbara-disambara 2013 jisa apakarSameM jaisA jobandha housake anusAra AyukA bandha hotA hai|leshyaaoN ke zeSa aThAraha bhedoM kA svarUpa nimna hai ___ apakarSakAla meM hone vAle lezyAoM ke ATha madhyamAMzoM ko chor3akara bAkI ke aThAraha aMza cAroM gatiyoM ke gamana ke kAraNa hote haiM yaha sAmAnya niyama hai| parantu vizeSa niyama yaha hai ki zuklezyA ke utkRSTa aMza se saMyukta jIva marakara niyama se sarvArthasiddhi jAtA hai tathA zuklalezyA kejaghanya aMzoM se saMyukta jIva marakara zatAra-sahasrAra svargaparyanta jAte haiM aura madhyamAMzoM sahita marA haA jIva sarvArthasiddhi se pUrva ke tathA Anata svarga se lekara Upara ke samasta vimAnoM meM se yathA-saMbhava kisI bhI vimAna meM utpanna hotA hai aura Anata svarga meM bhI utpanna hotA hai| pammukkassaMsamudA jIvA uvajAMti khalu shssaarN| avaraMsamudA jIvA, saNakkumAraM ca maahidN||11 padmalezyA ke utkRSTa aMzoM ke sAtha mare hue jIva niyama se sahasrAra svarga ko prApta hote haiM aura padmalezyA ke jaghanya aMzoM ke sAtha mare hue jIva sanatkumAra aura mAhendra svarga ko prApta hote haiN| padmalezyA ke madhyama aMzoM ke sAtha mare hue jIva sanatkumAra mAhendra svarga ke Upara aura sahasrAra svarga ke nIce-nIce taka vimAnoM meM utpanna hote haiN| pItalezyA ke utkRSTa aMzoM ke sAtha mare hue jIva sanatkumAra-mAhendra svarga ke aMtima paTaloM meM jo cakranAma kA indraka sambandhI zreNIbaddha vimAna hai, usameM utpanna hote haiN| pIlezyA ke jaghanya aMzoM ke sAtha marA huAjIva saudharma IzAna svarga ke Rtu(Rju) nAmaka indraka vimAna meM athavA zreNIbaddha vimAna meM utpanna hotA hai| pItalezyA ke madhyama aMzoM ke sAtha marA huAjIva saudharma-IzAna svarga ke dUsare paTala ke vimala nAmaka indraka vimAna se lekara sanatkumAra-mAhendra svarga ke dvicarama paTala ke (aMtima paTala ke pUrva paTala ke) balabhadra nAmaka indraka vimAna paryanta utpanna hotA hai| kiNhavaraMseNa mudA avidhiANammi avaraaMsa mudaa| paMcama carimatimisse, majjhe majjheNa jaayte||12

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IL anekAnta 66/4, akTUbara-disambara 2013 ___arthAt kRSNa lezyA ke utkRSTa aMzoM ke sAtha mare hue jIva sAtavIM pRthvI ke avadhisthAna nAmaka indraka bila meM utpanna hote haiN| jaghanya aMzoM ke sAtha mare hue jIva pAMcavI pRthvI ke antima paTala ke timizranAmaka indraka bila meM utpanna hote haiN| kRSNa lezyA ke madhyama aMzoM ke sAtha mare hue jIva donoM ke (sAtavIM aura pAMcavIM naraka pRthavI ke) madhya sthAnoM meM yathA sambhava yogyatAnusAra utpanna hote haiN| nIlukkassasamudA paMcama adhiMdayammi avrmudaa| bAluka saMpajjalide majjhe majjheNa jaayNte||13 nIlalezyA ke utkRSTa aMzoM ke sAtha mare hue jIva pA~cavIM, pRthvI ke dvicarama paTala sambandhI andhranAmaka indrakabila meM utpanna hote haiN| koI-koI pA~caveM paTala meM bhI utpanna hote haiN| itanA vizeSa aura bhI hai ki kRSNalezyA ke jaghanya aMzavAle jIva bhI marakara pA~cavI pRthvI ke antima paTala meM utpanna hote haiN| nIlalezyA ke jaghanya aMza vAle jIva marakara tIsarI pRthvI ke antima paTala sambandhI saMprajvalita nAmaka indraka bila meM utpanna hote haiN|niilleshyaa kemadhyama aMzovAle jIva marakara tIsarI pRthvI ke saMprajvalita nAmaka indraka bila ke Age aura pAMcavI pRthvI ke andhranAmaka indrakabila ke pahale-pahale kitane paTala aura indraka haiM inameM yathAyogya utpanna hote haiN| varakAodaM samudA saMjalidaM jAMti tdiynniryss| sImaMtaM avaramudA majjhe majjheNa jaayNte||4 kApotalezyA ke utkRSTa aMzoM ke sAtha mare hue jIva tIsarI pRthvI ke nau paTaloM meM se dvicarama-AThaveM paTala sambandhI saMjvalita nAmaka indrakabila meM utpanna hote haiN|koii-koii antima paTala sambandhI saMprajvalita nAmaka indrakabila meM bhI utpanna hote haiN|kaapotleshyaa ke jaghanya aMzoM ke sAtha mare hue jIva prathama pRthvI ke sImanta nAmaka indrakabila se Age tIsarI pRthvI ke dvicarama paTala sambandhI saMjvalita nAmaka indrakabila ke pahale tIsarIpRthvI ke sAta paTala, dUsarI pRthvI ke gyAraha paTala aura prathama pRthvI ke bAraha paTaloM meM yA dhammAbhUmi

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anekAnta 66/4, akTUbara-disambara 2013 ke teraha paTaloM meM se pahale sImAntaka bila ke Age biloM meM yathAyogya utpanna hote haiN| isa prakAra chahoM lezyAoM meM se unake jaghanya madhyama utkRSTa aMzoM ke dvArA jIvoM kA cAra gatiyoM meM kahA~-kahA~ taka gamana hotA hai yaha btaayaa| uparokta chahoM lezyAoM ke svAmI kauna-kauna haiM yaha carcA bhI prasaMga prApta hai|atH isakA varNana bhI yahA~ kiyA jA rahA hai : kAUkAUkAU, NIlA ya NIla kiNhA y| kiNhA ya paramakiNhA, lessA paDhamAdipuDhavINaM / / 5 pahalI dhammA yA ratnaprabhA pRthvI meM kApotalezyA kA jaghanya aMza hai|duusrii vaMza yA zarkarA prabhA pRthvI meMkApota lezyA kA madhyama aMza hai| tIsarI meghA bAlukA -prabhA pRthvI meM kApota lezyA kA utkRSTa aMza aura nIla lezyA kA jaghanya aMza hai| cauthI aMjanA yA paMkaprabhA pRthvI meM nIlalezyA kA madhyama aMza hai| pAMcavIM ariSTA yA dhUmaprabhA meM nIlalezyA kA utkRSTa aMza aura kRSNalezyA kA jaghanya aMza haiN|chii madhvI yA tama, prabhA pRthvI meM kRSNalezyA kA madhyama aMza hai|saatviiN mAdhavI yA mahAtama prabhA pRthvI meM kRSNa lezyA kA utkRSTa aMza hai| NaratiriyANaM Adyo igivigaletiNNi cau asnnnniss| saNNiapuNNa gamicche sAsaMNa samme asuhtiyN||6 manuSya aura tiryacoM ke sAmAnya se chahoM lezyAe~ hotI haiN| parantu vizeSa rUpa meM ekendriya aura vikalatraya (dvIndriya,trIndriya aura caturindriya) jIvoM ke kRSNa Adi tIna azubha lezyAe~ hI hotI haiN| asaMjJI paMcendriya paryApta jIvoM ke kRSNa Adi cAra lezyAeM hotI haiM, kyoMki asaMjJI paMcendriya kapotalezyA vAlA jIva marakara pahale naraka meM jAtA hai tathA tejolezyA sahita marane se bhavanavAsI aura vyantara devoM meM utpanna hotA hai| kRSNa Adi tIna azubha lezyA sahita marane se yathAyogya manuSya yA tiryaca meM utpanna hotA hai|sNjnyiilbdhypryaaptk mithyAdRSTi manuSya aura tiryaMca tathA api zabda se asaMjJI labdhyaparyAptaka aura sAsAdana guNasthAnavartI nirvRtyaparyApta tiryacamanuSya tathA bhavanatrika itane jIvoM meM kRSNa

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anekAnta 66/4, akTUbara-disambara 2013 Adi tIna azubha lezyAe~ hI hotI haiN| tiryaMca aura manuSya upazama samyagdRSTi jIvoM ke samyaktva kAla ke bhItara viziSTa saMkleza ke ho jAne para bhI ye tIna azubhalezyAeM nahIM huA krtii|kintu usakI virAdhanA karake sAsAdana banane vAloM ke aparyApta avasthA meM tIna azubha lezyAeM hI huA karatI haiN| bhogApuNNagasamme kAussajahaNiyaM have nniymaa| samme vA micche vA pajjate tiNNi suhlessaa||17 bhogabhUmi meM utpanna hone vAle nirvRtyaparyAptaka samyagdRSTi jIvoM meM kApotalezyA kA jaghanya aMza hotA hai tathA samyagdRSTi yA mithyAdRSTi jIvoM ke paryApta avasthA meM pIta Adi tIna zubha lezyAeM hI hotI haiN| ayado tti cha lessAo suhtiylessaahudesvirdtiye| tatto sukkAlessA ajogiThANaM alessa tu||8 arthAt caturtha guNasthAna paryanta chahoM lezyAeM hotI haiM tathA dezavirata, pramattavirata aura apramattavirata ina tIna guNasthAnoM meM tIna zubhalezyAeM hI hotI haiN|kintu isake Age apUrvakaraNa se lekara sayogakevalI paryanta eka zuklalezyA hI hotI hai aura ayogyakevalI guNasthAna lezyA rahita hai|arthaat samasta siddha rAzi alezyA-lezyArahita hai| - prophesara, jainavizva bhAratI vizvavidyAlaya lADanUM (rAjasthAna) sandarbha1. paMca saMgraha prAkRta gAthA 1/142-43 2. gAvalA 1/1.1.4/149/6 3. paMcAdhyAyI gAthA 1145 4. gommaTasAra jIvakANDa gA.509 5. vahI gA. 510 6. vahI gA. 512-14 7. vahI gA. 515 8. vahI gA. 516 9. vahI gA. 517 10. vahI gA. 518 11. vahI gA. 521 12. vahI gA. 524 13. vahI gA. 525 14. vahI gA. 526 15. vahI gA. 529 16. vahI gA. 530 17. vahI gA. 531 18. vahI gA. 532 /

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sarvodayI dezanA meM svamukhI-paramukhI dRSTi DaoN. anekAnta kumAra jaina adhyAtma kI dRSTi Aja vaizvika stara para svIkRta ho rahI hai| vizva ke prabuddha logoM ne jaba dekhA ki dhArmika sAmpradAyikatA ne manuSya ko diyA kama chInA jyAdA hai taba unakA vizvAsa dharma-sampradAya se uThane lagA kintu vizvAsa uThane ke sAtha hI vaha UrjA bhI samApta hone lagI jo dharma ke mUla se pravAhita hotI thii|aise UrjA hIna mAnavIya prabuddhatA ne punaHdharmakI ora dekhA aura usake bAharI ADambara yukta svarUpa ko na dekha kara usake andara nihita adhyAtma ke tattva ko dekhane kA prayAsa kiyA jo tattva dhArmika kaTTaratA kI vikRtiyoM ke bIca kahIM kho gayA thaa| yahI kAraNa hai ki Aja vizva ke tamAma loga dhArmika yA sAmpradAyika na kahalAkara AdhyAtmika kahalAnA pasanda karate haiN| __ jainadharma bhI mahAn vizuddha AdhyAtmika dharma hote huye bhI samaya ke jhaMjhAvatoM ke madhya apanI svAbhAvika chavi ko dabAkara kRtrima bAhya ADambaroM se yukta hotA calA jA rahA hai|mjbuuriyaaN grahaNa kI gayIM, baisAkhiyA~ aba mUla aMga bana gayIM haiN| deza-kAla kI majabUriyoM, viparIta paristhitiyoM meM upacAra ke lie jo auSadhiyA~ lI gayIM vo abanitya bhojana kA aMga bana gayIM haiN|cintn kI gaharAyI kI kamI tathA matAgrahI dRSTiyoM ne aneka paMthoM ko janma de diyA hai|sthiti yahA~ taka utpanna ho gayI hai ki jainadharma ke mUlabhUta siddhAntoM taka se samajhaute hone lage haiN| akartRttvAdI jainadharma kartRtvAda ke mAyAjAla meM ulajhatA jA rahA hai| dhArmika kriyAkANDoM kA svarUpa AdhyAtmika pRSThabhUmi kA na hokara laukika pRSThabhUmi aura pravRtti kA hotA jA rahA hai| ye vo samaya hai jaba adhyAtma ke lie jIvana kA sarvasva samarpita karane vAle nirgrantha sAdhaka bhI nirarthaka ADambaroM aura pravacanoM ke sthAna parastarahIna nirarthaka bhASaNabAjiyoM meM DUbate aura DubAte jA rahe haiN|

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10 anekAnta 66/4, akTUbara-disambara 2013 isa arthahIna vAtAvaraNa meM yadijIvanopayAgI aura bhavabhramaNakA nAza karane vAlI AdhyAtmika jinavANI ke pIyUSa pAna karAne vAlA yadi mila jAye to apanA sAtizaya puNya kA udaya samajhanA caahie| Aja niSkAma yogI AdhyAtmika saMta AcArya zrI vizuddhasAgara jIne AcArya bhagavantoMkI mUlakRtiyoM ko apanI samyaktvamayI dezanA kA AdhAra banAyA hai| pUjyapAda svAmI dvArA viracita iSTopadeza para eka bhASyave pUrNa kara cuke thekintupunaHisI AdhyAtmika grantha para apanI amRtamayI sarvodayI dezanA kI dhArA pravAhita kara bhavya jIvoM ko AdhyAtmika dRSTi ke sAtha sAdhanA kA vahI cirantana mArga punaH sthApita karane kA prayAsa kiyA hai jisakI paramparA vartamAna ke namostuzAsaka bhagavAna mahAvIra ne DAlI thii| sarvodayI dezanA meM jahA~ eka tarapha antaraMga pavitratA para bala diyA gayA hai vahIM dUsarI tarapha bAhya AcaraNa kI zucitA para bhI jora DAlA gayA hai| dezanAkAra samajhAte haiM - ___ "jahA~ jahA~ antaraMga saMyama hogA, vahA~ vahA~ niyama se bahiraMga saMyama hogA hI hogaa| para jahA~ jahA~ bahiraMga saMyama hai, vahA~ antaraMGga saMyama ho bhI sakatA hai, nahIM bhI, lekina antaraMga saMyama se vahiraMga saMyama kI vyApti hai| dUdha tapA, bartana tpaa| jJAnI! tapAnA kise cAhate the? dadha tapAnA thA, ki bartana tapAnA thA? bartana tapAne ke lie jo agnijalAye usako koI jJAnI kaha nahIM sktaa| para kyA karU~dUdha tapAnA hai, to bartana to tapAnA hI par3atA hai| binA bartana tape, dUdha tapatA nhiiN|antrNngg tapakI prApti ke lie binA bahiraMGga tape, aMtaraMGga tapatA nahIM hai| jo bahiraMGga tapa tape binApa aMtaraMGga tapa kara rahe haiM, aho jJAniyoM! ve gAya ke sIMga se dUdha kI dhArA nikAla rahe haiN|" (pRSTha 15) vAstava meM Aja isI saMtulana kI AvazyakatA hai|hm dekha rahe haiM ki kaI sAdhaka aise haiM jo bartana ko hI tapAne meM lage haiM, dUdha usameM rakhate hI nahIM hai aura kaI sAdhaka bartana ko tapAye binA hI cAhate haiM ki basa dudha khaula jAye aura karanA kyA hai? donoM hI dRSTiyA~ adhUrI haiN| sacce mokSamArga ke lie isa saMtulana ko to kAyama rakhanA hI hogaa| anyathA saca mAniye, sabakucha calegA mAtra dharma ko chodd'kr| prazna hotA hai Akhira yaha viparyAsa cala kyoM rahA hai?

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anekAnta 66/4, akTUbara-disambara 2013 isakA eka hI uttara hai AdhyAtmika dRSTi kA abhaav|yh cintA sarvodayI dezanA meM abhivyakta huI hai - ___ "Aja yathArtha mAniye ki gRhastha se lekara yogI taka ko adhyAtma kI jarUrata hai|adhyaatm ke cintana ke abhAva meM saba saMsAra kA viparyAsa cala rahA hai|" (1/pR.7) adhyAtma kI AvazyakatA gRhastha ko bhI hai, yogI ko to vaha anivArya hai|hm deha kA bahAnA banAkara adhyAtma kI upekSA nahIM kara skte|shriir ko calAnA majabUrI ho sakatA hai ki dharma ke lie AtmA ke pariNAmoM kI samhAla bhI jarUrI hai| dezanAkAra ke zabdoM meM - ___ "zarIra ko calAne ke lie gRhasthoM ko kucha kAma karanA par3atA hai| kara lenA Apa, lekina dharma ko calAne ke lie pariNAmoM ko saMbhAlanA par3atA hai, itanA dhyAna rkhnaa|" (pRSTha 18) adhyAtma ke kSetra meM sAdhakajo sabase bar3I bhUla karatA hai vo hai sAdhana-sAdhya' kA paraspara vily| vaha sAdhana ko hI sAdhya samajhane kI bhUla kara baiThatA hai isalie vahIM aTakA raha jAtA hai, lakSya ko, apane sAdhya ko prApta nahIM kara paataa| yaha ulajhana dezanAkAra ne sulajhAne kI koziza kI hai___ "picchI-kamaNDalu sAdhana hai,sAdhya nahIM hai|-yepicchii kamaNDalu mokSamArga nahIM hai| picchI kamaNDalu ke binA bhI mokSamArga nahIM hai| ..picchI kamaNDalu mokSamArga ho jAtA hai to jJAniyoM! hamAre sammedazikharajI tIrthakSetra para pAnI ke vartanoM ko Dhone vAle sabhI siddha bana gaye hote aura jitane mayUra haiM sabhI mokSa cale gaye hote| ina paMkhoM ko lene se mokSa nahIM hotA, kamaNDalu hone se mokSa nahIM hotaa| para, jJAniyoM dhyAna rakhanA, ratnatraya kI bhAvanA se mokSa hotA hai| ye sAdhana hai,sAdhya nahIM hai|saadhnkosaadhn sviikaariye,saadhykosaadhysviikaariye| sAdhana ke abhAva meM sAdhya kI siddhi nahIM hotI hai| lekina sAdhana ko lekara jo baiTha jAyegA to vaha sAdhya ko prApta nahI kara paayegaa|" (pRSTha 14-15) vAstavikatA yaha hai ki hama sAdhya ko samajha hI nahIM pAte haiM taba usakI prApti kaise kareMge? jaba sAdhana meM hI phaMse haiM to hama paryAya ko hI dekheMge-dravya dRSTi se ojhala ho jaayegaa|deshnaakaar kahate haiM ki-"jo paryAya dRSTi meM jItA

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anekAnta 66/4, akTUbara-disambara 2013 hai, vo para hai| jo dravyadRSTi meM jItA hai, vaha parA hai| 'parA' upasarga hai| parA yAni utkRsstt| 'dravya dRSTi mahezvarAH, paryAya dRSTi nrkeshvraaH|" (bhUmikA, pR. 6) ___ isIlie dRSTi badalane kI derI hai, sRSTi badalanA saMbhava nhiiN| AcArya zrI ke vacana haiM - " dRSTi ko nirmala karo, vastu ko nirmala karane kI AvazyakatA nahIM hai| sukha kahIM nahIM, duHkha kahIM nhiiN| dRSTi ko badalane kI ceSTA kro|" (pR. 12) hama jAnate haiM ki vyavahAra bhedaparaka hotA hai aura nizcaya abhedprk|aacaary amRtacandra ne Atma khyAti TIkA meM AtmAzrito nizcayaH, parAzrito vyavahAraH' kahA hai|atH saccI bhakti kI nizcaya meM hI sambhava hai|vyvhaar meM jo bhakti kA svarUpa hai vaha nizcaya ke sAtha hI saccA hotA hai kyoM bhagavAn kI bhakti parAzraya ke lie nahIM varan svAzraya ke lie kI jAtI hai| AcArya zrI kahate hai| "bhagavAna kI bhakti karo, bhagavAn kI ArAdhanA karo, bhagavAna para Azrita hone ke lie nahIM, svAzrita hone ke lie bhagavAn kI ArAdhanA kro| mumukSu jIva parAzrita kabhI bhI nahIM hotA, bhIkha mAMgate bhI parAzrita nahIM hotaa|" (pR.8) ve spaSTa ghoSaNA kara rahe haiM ki -" vyavahAra dRSTi se dekhoge to jhagar3oge" - (pR.8)| ataH nizcaya kI dRSTi rakhanI hI pdd'egii| jJAnI to azubhopayoga ke sAtha sAtha zubhopayoga ko bhI bandhana hI jAnatA hai| isIlie vaha pahale azubhopayoga se haTatA hai aura zubhopayoga meM AtA hai aura phira zubhopayoga se bhI parezuddhopayoga meM sthita hone kA prayAsa karatA hai| yahA~ vaha zabhopayoga ko bhI sAdhanahI mAnatA hai sAdhya nhiiN| dezanAkAra ise aura adhika spaSTa karate hue kahate haiM - __ "samyagdRSTi jIva zubhopayoga ke lie zubhopayoga nahIM krtaa| jJAnI ! vaha ajJAnI hogA jo auSadhi khAne ke lie auSadhi khaayegaa|...aussdhi kabhI na khAnA par3a jAye, isalie karma ke udaya meM auSadhi khAnA par3atI hai| azubhopayoga se bacane ke lie samyagdRSTi zubhopayoga kI kriyA karatA hai aura zuddhapayoga meM jAne ke lie karanA par3atA hai| (pRSTha-20)

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anekAnta 66/4 akTUbara-disambara 2013 73 aura jaba sAdhaka zuddhopayoga meM ramaNa karane kA prayAsa karatA hai taba vaha sva-para kA bheda vijJAna to karatA hI karatA hai| isakA citraNa dezanAkAra karate haiM "svayaM ne, svayaM ko, svayaM se, svayaM ke lie, svayaM meM, jo jAnA vaha hai svayaM ke lie| para ne, para ko, para se, para ke lie, para meM jo jAnA, para se bhinna jAnA, para ke hI lie / " (bhUmikA, pR. 6) nizcaya kI sarvocca dRSTi ke sAtha sAtha dezanAkAra vyavahArika dRSTi kA bhI pUrA dhyAna rakhate haiM kyoMki ye donoM Avazyaka hai / bandhana kI dRSTi se yadyapi pApa aura puNya donoM eka jaise hI haiM kintu puNya ke yogadAna kA bhI kama mahattva nahIM hai kyoMki vaha pApa se bacAtA hai| eka mArmika udghoSa AcArya zrI ne sarvodayI dezanA kI bhUmikA meM hI kiyA hai - "aho jJAniyoM! tumane mahAna puNya kiyA thA, jisake kAraNa eka sAtha jinendra deva kI vANI suna rahe ho| aise khoTe kAla meM loga TI. vI. khole baiThe hoMge aura khoTe kAla meM koI jhagar3A kara rahA hogA, to koI pApI madirA pI rahA hogA, koI gAlI de rahA hogaa| bhaiyA ! yaha prabala puNya kA yoga hai ki vANI sabake pAsa hai, para jisa vANI se jinavANI nikale vaha ahobhAgya hai / ye puNya ke niyoga haiN|" (bhUmikA, pR. 6) isa kalikAla meM bhI vizuddha jinavANI sunane ko jinabhaktoM kI apAra bhIr3a lagI ho to yaha sabase bar3A camatkAra maiM mAnatA huuN| hajAroM kI bhIr3a ho aura zAMti aisI ho mAno koI samavazaraNa lagA ho to yaha koI camatkAra se kama nhiiN| isakI carcA bhI dezanAkAra ne kI hai - "pUre pANDAla ke bhare hone para bhI AvAja nahIM AtI hai| kyoM nahIM AtI hai? kyoMki jo andara kI AvAja suna rahA hai to bAhara AvAja kyoM karegA?" (bhUmikA, pR. 6) saca to yaha hai ki sarvodayI dezanA meM adhyAtma ke sAtha vyavahAra kA bhI samanvaya sthApita kiyA gayA hai| Aja adhyAtma meM sarAbora manISiyoM ke khudagarja paimAne itane vicitra ho gaye haiM ki svayaM ke jIvana meM saMyama kA abhyAsa dUra, saMyama dhAraNa karane vAle yogiyoM ke prati bhI bhaktibhAva unameM prakaTa nahIM hotA hai| aise IL

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anekAnta 66/4, akTUbara-disambara 2013 bhaTaka rahe jinabhaktoM, zrAvakoM, mumukSuoM ko atyanta vAtsalya para AcArya pravara sambodhate haiM - __ "naraka Ayu kA baMdhaka saMyama dhAraNa karanA to dUra, saMyamI ke hAtha para grAsa bhI nahIM rakha sakatA hai|ve abhAgejIva haiN|aaj hI apane apane ghara jAkara socanA ki jIvana meM kisI nirgrantha yogI ke hAtha meM grAsa rakhA hai ki nahIM? aura rakhane ke bhAva nahIM Ate haiM,tosamajha lenA ki terI bhavitavyatA bigar3a cukI hai|" (zloka 1, pR. 2) __ sarvodayI dezanA kA varNanAtmaka AdhyAtmika vaiziSTya to hai hI kintu usase bhI bar3A vaiziSTya usake racanAkAra kA hai jo Aja yogiyoM kI tathAkathita sAMsArika daur3oM se dUra rahakara mA~ bhagavatI kI ArAdhanA kara rahA hai aura AtmA kI sAdhanA kara rahA hai anta meM sarvodayI dezanA kI bhUmikA se una vAkyoM ko uddhRta kara maiM virAma letA hU~ jisameM dezanAkAra kI nispRhatA spaSTa jhalaka rahI hai - "mahArAja zrI! aba to ApakI bhI koI giri banane vAlI hogI? uttarajJAnI! jo hameM hI girA degI, ve giri kaise hogI? jo Upara uThA degI, vo, giranAra hogii| isalie mere jIvana meM yadi koI girI hai to, manISiyoM! vaha hai- (gAthA) 18 hajArazIla kI sampatti jo ayogakevalI guNasthAna meM prApta hotI hai| usase bar3I giri koI nahIM hogii|' saMdarbha : 1. sarvodayI dezanA (pUjyapAda viracita iSTopadeza para vAcanA) - vAcanAkAra - AcArya vizuddhasAgara jI mhaaraaj| - sa.AcArya, jainadarzana vibhAga, zrI lA.ba.zAstrI rASTriya saMskRta vidyApITha, naI dillI-110016

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paM. jugalakizora 'mukhtAra' ke smRti divasa (22 disambara) para vizeSa lekha - merI bhAvanA : jIvana kA zilAlekha siddhArtha kumAra jaina, ema. myUja. AcArya jugalakizora 'mukhtAra' sAhaba dvArA 1916 meM racita 'merI bhAvanA' - bhAvanAoM kA eka jyoti kalaza hai| bhAvoM kI sthiti ko samajha kara hI svayaM ko samajhA jA sakatA hai| jaba hama acche va prazasta bhAvoM ke sAtha hote haiM, to zubhopayoga hotA hai, isake viparIta kuzIla bhAvoM ke sAtha azubhopayoga hotA hai| bhAvoM kA manovijJAna bar3A adbhuta hotA hai| gyAraha padoM ke isa laghukAya kAvya meM sampUrNa jIvana-darzana banAma jainadarzana samAhita ho gayA hai| bindu meM samunda' jaisI kahAvata caritArtha karatA huA yaha jIvana kA jIvanta kAvya hai| merI bhAvanA, Aja eka rASTrIya-prArthanA ke rUpa meM 2 akTUbara gAMdhI jayantI para rAjaghATa (samAdhi sthala) para anya dharmoM kI prArthanA ke sAtha, jainadharma kA pratinidhitva karatI hai| prAyaH zaikSaNika saMsthAoM meM prArthanA ke rUpa meM isakA gAyana kiyA jAtA hai kyoMki isameM samAhita jIvana-mUlya,jAti,sampradAya aura paMtha vizeSa se Upara uThakara mAnava-kalyANa kI prazasta-rAha kA sArthaka maMtra bana gayA hai|bairisttrcmptraayjainne"ConfluenceofOppsites" meM "merI bhAvanA" ke sambandha meM likhA - "Praying to life forits Divine Gifts of Love and Mercy and Vairagya, and in wishing Peace and Happiness to all Living beings, including every manifestation of life-divine, howsoever lowly placed in order of being today" merI bhAvanA ke prathama pada para yadi vicAra kareM to bhakti samarpaNa rUpa kI vandanA kisI nAmajada bhagavAna kI nahIM kI gaI hai apitu jisa paramAtmA meM vItarAgatA, sarvajJatA aura hitopadezatA kA guNa pAyA jAve,kavikA mAnasa usI

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anekAnta 66/4, akTUbara-disambara 2013 kI vandanA kI rAha dikhAne vAle arhantadeva bhagavAn mahAvIra kI vaMdanA karate hae bhakti ko darzAtA hai| vedoM meM bhI bhaktimArgako daita aura yogamArgako advaita kahA hai| bhakti mArga para calakara paramAtmA ko pAyA jA sakatA hai, jabaki yoga-mArga para calakara paramAtmA banA jA sakatA hai| dvitIya pada - sAdhu parameSThI ke guNoM kI stuti rUpa hai, jo samatA dhana ke dhanI hote haiM tathA paMcendriya viSayoM se rahita hote haiN| merI bhAvanA ke tIsare pada meM zramaNa sAdhuoM kA satsaMga evaM una jaise banane kA dhyAna karate hue unake AcaraNa kA anugamana tathA zrAvaka ke paMcANuvratoM ke pAlana kI preraNA evaM anuzIlana hai| aMgrejI meM do zabda haiM 1. Medicine 2.Meditation. jahAMzArIrika svAsthya ke lie meDIsina Avazyaka hai vahIM AtmA ko svastha rakhane ke lie meDITezana nitAMta Avazyaka hai|dhyaan, hamArI mAnasika bImAriyoM kA upacAra hai|meddiisin kharIda sakate haiM lekina meDITezana koI kraya-vikraya yA vinimaya kI vastu nahIM hai| dhyAna to ekAgra aura zAMta citta hokara bhItara baiThakara apane ko khokara hI pAyA jA sakatA hai| dUsarI mahatvapUrNa bAta hai ki binA vratoM ke anuzIlana ke samatA svarUpa sAdhu-pada ke lie grAhyatA nahIM ho sktii|shraavk ho yA sAdhu donoM ko vratoM kI anivAryatA kA- kramazaH aNuvrata aura mahAvrata rUpa pAlane kA AdhyAtmika vidhAna hai| ___ merI bhAvanA kA cauthA pada kaSAyoM se rahita hone kA jIvana-saMdeza hai|kssaayoN se nirmukta hue binA zramaNatva nahIM pAyA jA sktaa| ahaM granthi ko kATe mana kI, saccA namana vahI hotA hai| lobha karSa kA bIja daphana deM, saccA kathana vahI hotA hai|| koTi koTi A~khoM ke A~sU jisake do nayanoM meM chalake, mAyA rahita manasvI darpaNa, saccA zramaNa vahI hotA hai| yAda rakheM ahaMkArI ko krodha jaldI AtA hai| mAyAvI adhika IrSyAlu hotA hai| lobhI - upakArI nahIM bana sktaa|

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hA anekAnta 66/4, akTUbara-disambara 2013 77 __ ataH vinamra,sahiSNu,sarala aura upakArI banane kelie antaHkaraNa sekaSAyoM kA jvara zAnta honA Avazyaka hai| kaSAyoM ke kAraNa hI punarbhava rUpa saMsAra hai kyoMki pApa kI jar3a kaSAya hai| kAle cAra kaSAya asaMyata, krodha lobha mAyA abhimaan| punarjanma taru ke siMcana ko, ye haiM kutsita nIra smaan| kaSAya kA artha hai khoTe pApa karmoM kA baMdha jaanaa|is pada kI aMtima paMkti 'upakAra' bhAvanA se bhAvita hai| upakAra yA sevA AtmA tathA zarIra donoM ko sukha detI hai| eka kavi ne upakAra kI insAniyata kA takAz2A mAnA hai| kisI ke kAma jo Aye, use iMsAna kahate haiN| parAyA darda apanAye use iMsAna kahate haiN| yoM to bharane ko to duniyA~ meM pazu bhI peTa bharate haiM, adhika jo bAMTakara khAye, use insAna kahate haiN| yadi vyakti apane svArtha se Upara uThakara paramArtha kI ora jhuka jAye, to usakA sva-kalyANa svayameva ho jAtA hai| usakI paropakAra kI bhAvanA hI use phaladAyI siddha ho jAtI hai| merI bhAvanA kA pA~cavA pada bhAva-vijJAna kA vilakSaNa pada hai| jainadarzana meM sAmAyika meM baiThA zrAvaka yA zramaNa cAra prakAra ke bhAvoM kI bhAvanA bhAtA hai| AcArya amitagatinesAmAyika pATha meM ina cAroM prakAra kI bhAvanAoMkA ullekha karate hue sAdhaka ko inase yukta honA batAyA hai - 'sattveSu maitrI guNiSu pramodaM, kliSTeSu jIveSu kRpA prtvN| mAdhyastha bhAvaM viparIta vRttau, sadA mamAtmA viddhAtu dev|| (1) samasta jIvoM ke prati maitrI bhaav| (2) guNajJoM ke prati vAtsalya va pramoda bhaav| (3) dIna va duHkhI jIvoM para karuNA bhAva evaM (4) bure vyakti/kumArgI janoM ke prati udAsIna/mAdhyastha yA samatA bhaav| lagatA hai paM.jugalakizora mukhtAra sA. ne isI zloka kA saralIkaraNa karate hue hindI kAvya meM DhAla diyA hai| eka viziSTa bAta yaha hai ki duSTajanoM ke prati pratizodha bhAva yA bure bhAva kA samarthana jainadarzana meM nahIM hai kyoMki isase

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nA 78 anekAnta 66/4 akTUbara-disambara 2013 dUsare kA ahita ho yA na ho, svayaM kI AtmA kA ahita to hotA hai / bhAvanAoM kA vaiziSTya, jainadarzana kI rIr3ha hai / jo kucha bhI ghaTita hotA hai / ho rahA hai, usake mUla meM bhAvoM kI preraka zakti hai| anya zAstroM ke sandarbha isakI puSTi karate haiN| jaise yogazAstra -4/11 (A. hemacandra) ne ina cAroM bhAvanAoM ko dhyAna kA rasAyana ko puSTa karate kA hetu kahA hai : maitrI pramoda kAruNya mAdhyasthAni niyojayet / dharmadhyAnamupaskatuM taddhitasya rasAyanam // prAyazcita pATha meM zramaNa ke lie isa bhAvanA ke anupAlana para jora diyA hai:- "mittI me savvabhUesu bairaM majjhaM na keNai " | maitrI bhAva kA vistAra vedoM meM jagaha-jagaha parilakSita hai| mitrasya mA cakSuSA - yajurveda- 33 / 18 athavA - sarve bhavantu sukhinaH sarve santu niraamyaaH| AcArya zubhacandra ne bhI jJAnArNava meM kahA - jIvantu jantavaH sarve, kleza vyasana varjitAH / prApnuveti sukhaM tyaktvA vairaM pApaM parAbhavam // 27/7 arthAt saMsAra ke samasta prANI duHkha va kaSTa se dUra rahakara sukhapUrvaka jie~ aura paraspara vaira, pApa yA parAbhava na kreN| rAjavArtikakAra ne likhA hai - dInAnugraha bhAvaH kaarunnym| arthAt dInoM para dayAbhAva rakhanA karuNA hai| bha. neminAtha ke vivAha ke samaya, bhoja ke lie bAMdhe gaye pazuoM kI karuNa cItkAra sunakara unheM jo saMsAra se vairAgya bhAva huA thA, vaha karuNAbhAva kA utkarSa hI thaa| mAdhyastha bhAva ke sambandha meM kabIra kahate haiM- "niMdaka niyare rAkhiye, AMgana kuTI chuaae|" merI bhAvanA ke chaTaveM pada meM kavi ne guNavAnoM ke prati vAtsalya yA pramoda bhAva rakhane kI bhAvanA ko rekhAMkita kiyA hai| vastutaH vAtsalya yA snehabhAva ahiMsA kA sakArAtmaka rUpa hai| pramoda guNa ko ehika aura AdhyAtmika do rUpoM meM vyAkhyApita kiyA jA sakatA hai| aihika - yAnI sAMsArika vidyA- kalAoM vr

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IL anekAnta 66/4 akTUbara-disambara 2013 meM nipuNatA ko liyA jAye to jyAdA saMgata hai, jaise saMgIta - guNa, vaijJAnika, kalAkAra Adi jo apane guNoM ke kAraNa Adara va sammAna pAte haiN| AdhyAtmika guNa meM zreSTha arhantadeva haiM jinake guNoM kI vandanA AcArya umAsvAmI deva ne kI hai - 79 mokSa mArgasya netAraMbhettAraM karma bhUbhRtAm / guNI janoM kI saMgati se manuSya mahAna bana jAtA hai aura khoTI saMgati se vahI patita ho jAtA hai| merI bhAvanA kA sAtavAM pada nyAya / nIti para calane kI preraNA detA hai| vyakti mukhyataH chaha bAtoM ke kAraNa nyAya mArga se vicalita ho jAtA hai| 1. prazaMsA pAne se 2. apavAda ke Dara se 3. dhana ke Ane yA naSTa hone ke bhaya se 4. mRtyu-bhaya se 5. daivika, prAkRtika, tiryaJca yA manuSyakRta upasarga se yA anya bhaya 6. lobha-lAlaca se / kavi kI dRSTi meM nyAyanIti aura dharma, jIvana kA parama zreyasa hai| anya bhaya meM, sapta bhayoM kA nidarzana bhI kiyA jA sakatA hai, jo nimnAnusAra hai| (1)ihaloka bhaya (2) paraloka bhaya (3) maraNa bhaya (4)vedanA bhaya(5) anarakSA bhaya(6) agupti bhaya evaM(7) akasmAt bhaya (isameM upasargoM ko liyA jA sakatA hai)| merI bhAvanA kA AThavA~ pada yaha iMgita karatA hai ki hamArI jIvana zailI, samyagdRSTi kI jIvana zailI kI bhAMti honI caahie| arthAt jaise samyagdRSTivivekapUrNa aura saMyama sahita jIvana yApana karatA hai tathA kisI bhI prakAra ke bhaya se rahita aura akampa rahatA huA iSTa viyoga meM evaM aniSTa ke saMyoga meM sahiSNu banA rahatA hai| vaha sukha aura duHkha meM samatAbhAvI banA rahatA hai| vaha vicAratA hai ki sukha aura duHkha mana ke khela haiN| paM. daulatarAma jI chahaDhAlA meM eka jagaha likhate haiM IL

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/ anekAnta 66/4, akTUbara-disambara 2013 puNya pApa phala mAhiM harakha bilakhau mata bhAI, yaha pudgala paryAya upaja binasai phira thaaii| puNyodaya meM harSamata karo aura pApodaya meMdaHkha meMrudanamata kro|smykdRsstti sukha meM itarAtA nahIM aura duHkha meM ghabarAtA nhiiN| aisI sadhI huI jindagI jIne kA bhAva isa pada meM hai| isI prakAra nauveM pada meM kavi apanI sArvabhaumika sattA ko maMgalamaya va dharmamaya dekhanA cAhatA hai|smpuurnn sRSTi ke prati sukha-kAmanA se upajI bhAva-dazA hI isa kAvya kA kendrabhAva hai|sukh-smRddhi kaba ho sakatI hai?"jaba pApa-kRtya hiMsA va krUratA ke kRtya, parAbhava hoM aura paraspara zubhatA kA abhizApa samApta ho tabhI maMgalakAmanA aura sukha kA sura udbhuta ho sakatA hai| eka prazna avazya yaha pada chor3a kara jA rahA hai ki manuja janma kA phala kyA hai? merA vizvAsa hai ki jaba jJAna va viveka kA paracama cAritra ke ratha para car3hakara ghara ghara dharma kI zaMkhadhvani kare, tabhI manuja-janma kI sArthakatA hai| ___ 10veM pada meM 'sukhI-rASTra' kA saMkalpa duharAyA gayA hai| rASTra-sukha-samRddha kaba ho sakatA hai? jaba 1. rASTra kA kisAna (kRSi) samRddha ho| 2. rAjanIti (rAjA) dharmaniSTha ho| 3. prajA- ahiMsaka va ImAnadAra ho| rASTra sukhI hone kA yaha sUtra paMDita jugalakizora jI mukhtAra' sAhaba ne eka kAvya meM samAhita kara diyaa| yadi hamArI rAjanIti yA rAjanetA bhraSTa hoMge, nyAya-nIti kA pAlana nahIM kareMge to deza kA utthAna va vikAsa kosoM dUra rhegaa| sukhI-rASTra kA pahalA va mahattvapUrNa sUtra hai-dharmaniSTha raajniiti|aaj rAjanIti apanI pArTI kA hita aura voTa kI rAjanIti para kendrita ho gayI hai| bhraSTAcAra - ziSTAcAra bana gayA hai| rAjanetA kI dekhAdekhI zAsakIya adhikArI aura karmacArI bhI bhraSTAcAra meM saMlipta dekhe jA rahe haiN|bhrssttaacaar samAja kA kor3ha aura kainsara bana gayA hai| aise mAhaula meM rASTrIya-naitikatA eka hA~siye para laTakara raha gayI hai| __ kRSi-samRddha hogI to deza kA Arthika vikAsa samunnata hogaa| vyApAra phalegA-phUlegA aura prajAtaMtra kI muskAna bikhregii|kisaan-bhaartdesh kI AtmA hai|kyoNki bhArata kRSi pradhAna deza hai| kRSi kA dAromadAra bahuta kucha varSA para

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anekAnta 66/4, akTUbara-disambara 2013 nirbhara hai|smy para bArisa hone se paidAvAra acchI hogI aura kisAna khuzahAla bnegaa| tIsarI bAta-sAmAjika DhA~ce kI hai| samAja kI ikAI vyakti hai.samAja dharmaniSTha aura ImAnadAra ho|jb vyakti-ahiMsaka aura ImAnadAra hogA, tabhI sAmAjika zoSaNa rukegaa|ativRsstti aura anAvRSTi donoM se akAla kI sthiti kI saMbhAvanA bar3ha jAtI hai|astu yaha bhAvanA bhAyI gayI hai ki aisI prAkRtika ApadA na ho| _ 'merI bhAvanA' kA aMtima gyArahavA~ padaprema va vAtsalya kA saurabha dikdiganta meM sarvavyApI ho isake lie saMkalpita hai|jhaaN vAsanAtmaka prema kSudra vasaMkIrNa hotA hai moha va svArtha para AdhArita hotA hai, vahIM niHsvArthaprema pavitra evaM samiSTi ko jor3ane vAlA hotA hai| __ apane yuga kA pratinidhitva karane vAle prAcya vidyA ke gahana adhyetA AcArya paM.jugalakizora mukhtAra' "yugavIra" upanAma se vizruta, jinake kavi hRdaya ne aisI amara racanA kA sRjana kiyA jo Adarza jIvana evaM rASTrIya caritra kA zilAlekha sAbita huA hai| "merI bhAvanA" sabhI dharma grantha ke prathama pRSTha para likhA jAne vAlA maMgalAcaraNa hai| yaha aisI prArthanA bana gayI hai jo sAMpradAyika sahiSNutA kA paigAma hai| merI bhAvanA' meM vyakti kI bhAvanA ko paramAtmA se jor3ane kA eka sArthaka upakrama hai| manuSyatA ke vakSa para likhA gayA ekamaMgalagAna, jo jIvana ko sadAcaraNa ke prazasta rAha calane ke lie AhvAna karatA hai| __noTaH 15 varSa pUrva1998 meM maine merI bhAvanA' ko pa. pUjyamuni zrI kSamAsAgara jI mahArAja kI preraNA va AzIrvAda se 5 rAgoM meM, saMgItamaya nibaddha karake eka sI.DI. kA nirmANa karavAyA thA tabhI se merI bhAvanA' kA hArda mere antaHkaraNa meM samAyA huA thaa|aaj ise nibandharUpa meM sAkAra kara apanI bhAvanA kA eka bhAvanAtmaka - ardhya de rahA huuN|- lekhaka - kendrIya vidyAlaya, naM.1 kalapakkama, kAMcIpurama (tamilanADu) 303102

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nA jainadarzana meM jIvana prabandhana tattva pro. sAgaramala jaina jIvana prabandhana do zabdoM kA eka sAMyogika zabda hai / prabandhana zabda kA sAmAnya artha sahI DhaMga se vyavasthA karanA hai| prAcIna jaina darzana meM prabandhana ke lie taMtra zabda kA bhI prayoga hotA hai| vastutaH jIvana- taMtra ko samyak rUpa se samajhe binA, jIvana kA samyak prabandhana sambhava nahIM hai / mAnava jIvana eka AdhyAtmika evaM manodaihika saMracanA hai| hamAre jIvana ke tIna pakSa haiM - AtmA, mana aura zarIra / prabandhana zabda- taMtra kI apekSA bhI eka vyApaka artha rakhatA hai, usameM yathArtha aura Adarza donoM hI nihita hai| jIvana vyavasthA kaisI hai, aura use kaisA honA cAhie- ye donoM hI bAteM prabandhana zabda meM nihita hai| vaha yathArtha aura Adarza kA eka sammamizraNa hai| jIvana kyA hai aura jIvana ko kaise jInA cAhie? ye donoM hI bAteM jIvana prabandhana meM hai| jaba ise hama jaina AcAryoM kI dRSTi se dekhate haiM, to vaha jaina jIvana - prabandhana kI vidhi bana jAtI hai| jIvana kA prabandhana vastutaH bahukoNIya hotA hai, kyoMki jIvana svayaM bahuAyAmI hai / jIvana ko jIne ke jo vividha AyAma hai, unake AdhAra jIvana- prabandhana kI hama vividha bhAgoM meM vibhAjita kara sakate haiN| vastutaHbAlyakAla se hI jIvana prabandhana kA prayAsa prAraMbha ho jAtA hai / bAlaka jaba yuvAvasthA kI ora bar3hane lagatA hai, to use zikSita karane kA prayAsa kiyA tA hai| bAlaka kI zikSA kaisI ho aura use kisa prakAra dI jAe yaha jIvana prabandhana kA prAthamika tattva hai| jaina darzana kI mAnyatA hai ki hameM jo jIvana milA hai, vaha mAtra jIvana jIne ke lie nahIM milA hai, apitu kisI lakSya yA Adarza kI pUrti ke lie milA hai| jIvana to per3a-paudhe aura anya prANI bhI jIte haiM, lekina unakA jIvana lakSya vihIna hotA hai| jIvana meM lakSya kA nirdhAraNa IL IL

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anekAnta 66/4, akTUbara-disambara 2013 kara use pAne kA prayatna hI samyak jIvana zailI kA paricAyaka ho sakatA hai| jIvana kyA hai, kaise use jiyA jAnA hai, yaha batAnA hI zikSA kA mukhya prayojana hai|atH zikSA vidhi aisI honI cAhie, jo jIvana ke yathArtha aura Adarza kA samanvaya karate hue vyakti ko usake jIvana lakSya kI prApti Age bar3hane meM sahAyaka ho ske| ___ jIvana kA eka lakSya duHkhoM se mukti hai, kintu duHkha vividha prakAra ke haiM, ve dehika bhI haiM aura mAnasika bhI haiN| dehika duHkhoM kA nirAkaraNa samyak DhaMga se jIvana jIne ke dvArA saMbhava ho sakatA hai, kintu mAnasika duHkhoM se mukti ke lie eka samyak zikSaNa paddhati Avazyaka hotI hai| zikSA kA lakSya mAtra jaivika AvazyakatAoM kI pUrti taka sImita nahIM hai, yaha sahI hai ki jIvana jIne ke lie jaivika AvazyakatAoM kI pUrti karanA hotI hai| jaina darzana kI mAnyatA hai ki AhAra, nidrA, bhaya aura maithuna kI pravRtti sAmAnya rUpa se sabhI prANiyoM meM pAI jAtI hai, kintu manuSya mAtra vAsanAoM kA piNDa nahIM hai, usameM viveka kA tattva bhI hai|atH vaha yaha vicAra kara sakatA hai ki use kyA khAnA hai,kaba khAnA hai aura kaise khAnA hai? jo usake zarIra, svAsthya aura manobhAva kA samyak banAe rakha skeN| yaha satya hai ki jIvana meM AhAra Avazyaka hai, kintu AhAra kaisA ho, kaba khAyA jAe aura kitanI mAtrA meM khAyA jAe, yaha saba nirNaya to manuSya ko karanA hotA hai| isI prakAra jIvana kI anya AvazyakatAe~ jaise nidrA, bhaya kI sthiti meM surakSA ke prayatna,kAmavAsanA kI saMtuSTi Adi bhI jIvana-jIne kI vidhA se anivArya rUpa se jur3e haiM, phira bhI unakI eka vivekazIla paddhati ho sakatI hai| use hI hama jIvana- prabandhana ke nAma se jAnA jAtA hai|prbndhn mAtra eka vyavasthA nahIM hai, apituvaha Adarzonmukha eka jIvana zailI hai| ina AdarzoM kA bodha zikSA ke mAdhyama se hI sambhava hai| ataHsamyakjIvana-prabandhana ke lie samyazikSA vyavasthA kA honA Avazyaka hai| zikSA mAtra yathArtha kI jAnakArI nahIM hai, apitu vaha yaha bhI batAtI hai ki jIvana kA Adarza kyA hai, aura use kaise jiyA jAtA hai| __ prANIya jIvana kA prAraMbha bhI kAla vizeSa meM hotA hai, aura usakA anta bhI kisI kAla vizeSa meM hotA hai| jinheM hama janma aura mRtyu ke nAma se jAnate

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anekAnta 66/4 akTUbara-disambara 2013 haiN| prabandhana kI dRSTi se na to janma hamAre hAtha meM hai aura na mRtyu hI hamAre hAtha meM hai| kisI urdU zAyara ne ThIka hI kahA hai 84 lAi hayAta A gaye, kajA le calI cale cle| na apanI suzI Ae, na apanI suzI gaye / / janma aura mRtyu hamAre hAtha meM nahIM hai, ve kaba aura kisa nimitta se kahA~ ho aura kaise ho? isakI koI vyavasthA bhI sambhava nahIM hai| phira bhI janma aura mRtyu ke do choroM ke bIca jIvanadhArA samyak rUpa se bahatI rahatI hai| yaha jIvana dhArA kA bahanA hI manuSya ke adhikAra kSetra meM hai ki vaha jIvana ko kaise jItA hai|is jIvanadhArA kA samyak niyojana hI jIvana prabandhana kA eka mahattvapUrNa pakSa hai jo samaya prabandhana ke mAdhyama se hI saMbhava ho sakatA hai| yaha sahI hai ki na to bhUtakAla hamAre adhikAra kSetra meM hotA hai aura na bhaviSya hI / jIvana to hamezA vartamAna meM hI jiyA jAtA hai| isalie bhAratIya ciMtakoM kI yaha mAnyatA rahI hai ki samaya kA prabandhana kevala aura kevala mAtra vartamAna meM hI saMbhava hai| sadaiva vartamAna ke kriyA-kalApoM ko sArthaka banAne kA prayatna hI samyak jIvana-prabandhana kahA jA sakatA hai| bhUta gujara cukA hai vaha aba hamAre hAtha meM nahIM hai, bhaviSya kaisA hogA ? yaha bhI pUrNatayA hamAre adhikAra kSetra meM nahIM hai / bhUtakAla kA ronA ronA aura bhaviSya ke sunahale sapane saMjonA yaha manuSya ke lie ucita nahIM hai| usakA sArA prayatna aura puruSArtha isI meM hai ki use jo avasara upalabdha huA hai usakA samyak DhaMga se upayoga kare, yahI samaya-prabandhana hai / manuSya jo bhI karatA hai, vaha saba usake mana, vANI aura zarIra ke mAdhyama se hI saMbhava hotA hai| hamArA samagra AcAra aura vyavahAra zarIra ke mAdhyama se hI saMbhava hotA hai / ataH zarIra ko suniyojita DhaMga se sahI dizA meM niyojita karanA hI zarIra prabandhana hai / isameM do tattva pramukha hote haiM, eka svAsthya aura dUsarA zArIrika aMgoM kA saMrakSaNa / inheM hama poSaNa aura surakSA ke prayatna kaha sakate haiN| zarIra kA poSaNa Avazyaka hai, kyoMki yadi zarIra aura usake aMgoM kA samyak DhaMga se poSaNa nahIM hogA, to zarIra asvastha ho jAegA aura asvastha zarIra ke

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anekAnta 66/4, akTUbara-disambara 2013 mAdhyama se jIvana ko jisa prakAra jiyA jAnA cAhie hama nahIM jI paayeNge| isake lie hameM pUrI taraha se svAstha-vijJAna aura AhAra-vijJAna ke niyamoM ko samajhakara, unakA pAlana karanA hogaa|ve sAre tattva jo zArIrika rUgnatA aura mAnasika tanAva ko janma dete haiM, unakA varjana karanA hogaa|hmeN samyak AhAra ke mAdhyama se zarIra kA poSaNa karanA hogA, taba hI hama zarIra ko svastha rakha paayeNge|shriir ke sambandha meM dUsarI mahatvapUrNa bAta yaha hai ki hamArI jIvanayApana zailI aisI ho jisameM zarIra kI surakSA kI bhI samyak vyavasthA bhI ho| ati sAhasa aura ati bhoga donoM hI zArIrika surakSA meM bAdhaka hote haiN| vAsanA ke adhIna bhoga aura zarIra kI kSamatA kA dhyAna nahIM rakhate hue kArya karanA donoM hI zarIra prabandhana meM bAdhaka hote haiN| zarIra jIvana-jIne kA eka samyaka sAdhana hai, usakA upayoga bhI samyaka tarIke se honA caahie|shriir prabandhana hameM yahI sikhAtA hai| yahA~ bhI vAsanA aura viveka kA samyak samAyojana Avazyaka hotA hai| ataH vyakti ko yaha sIkhanA bhI Avazyaka hotA hai ki vaha apane zarIra aura zArIrika zaktiyoM kA viniyoga samyaka prakAra se kre| manuSya eka manodaihika racanA hai, ataH use daihika aura mAnasika donoM AdhAroM para samyakrUpa se jIvana jInA hogaa|jiivn-prbndhn kA uddezya yaha bhI ki vaha na kevala svastha zarIra ke mAdhyama se jI sake, apitu svastha mana se bhI jI ske|aaj jo vaizvika samasyAeM haiM, usameM mAnasika tanAva eka pramukha kAraNa hai, kyoMki samyak jIvana ke lie svathya mAnasikatA Avazyaka hai| yadivyakti mAnasika vikAroM aura tadajanya tanAvoM kA samyaka prabandhana karane meM saphala nahIM hotA, to vaha apane jIvana ko sahI DhaMga se nahIM jI pAtA hai| mAnasika vikAra aura unase utpanna hone vAle tanAva kyoM, kaba aura kaisI paristhiti meM utpanna hote haiM, yaha samajhanA bhI Avazyaka hai aura unase mukta rahanA bhI Avazyaka hai| yaha satya hai ki tanAva ke kAraNa AMtarika aura bAhya donoM ho sakate haiM, phira bhI tanAva na kevala eka manodaihika saMracanA hai, apitu vaha eka mAnasika satya bhI hai| tanAvoM se mukta hokara samatA aura zAMti pUrNa jIvana kaise jiyA jAe yaha bhI jIvana prabandhana ke mAdhyama se hI jAnA jA sakatA

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vr 86 anekAnta 66/4 akTUbara-disambara 2013 hai| ataH jIvana meM mAnasika prabandhana bhI jIvana prabandhana kA eka mahatvapUrNa AdhAra hai| Upara hamane jIvana prabandhana ke jo upAya batAye una saba kA sambandha mUlataH vyakti ke vaiyaktika jIvana se hai, kintu kucha samAjagata tathya bhI hai, jo hamAre jIvana prabandhana meM sAdhaka yA bAdhaka hote haiN| inameM vANI prabandhana, paryAvaraNa prabandhana, artha prabandhana, samAja aura dhArmika vyavahAra prabandhana pramukha hai| yaha satya hai ki ye tathya hamAre pariveza se jur3e hue haiM, aura samAja ke anya ghaTakoM se hamAre sambandha ko banAte haiN| saMsAra meM jitane bhI prANI hai, una saba meM manuSya kI yaha vizeSatA hai ki use apanI abhivyakti ke lie bhASA yA vANI bhI milI huI hai| vANI kA samyak niyojana na hone para bhI jIvana meM aneka visaMgatiyA~ A jAtI hai| vANI eka aisA mAdhyama hai, jisake dvArA vyakti apane bhAvoM kI abhivyakti karatA hai| kintu yaha abhivyakti kahA~, kaba aura kaise ho, isakA samyak rUpa se dhyAna rakhanA Avazyaka hotA hai| jahA~ apanI vANI ke mAdhyama se hama apane jIvana meM samAja meM madhura saMbandhoM kA sthApana kara sakate haiM, vahI vANI hI eka aisA mAdhyama hai, jo hamAre jIvana ko svarga yA naraka banA sakatI hai| vyakti ke jIvana meM abhivyakti Avazyaka hotI hai| yaha abhivyakti hama zarIra aura vANI ke mAdhyama se hI prastuta karate haiM, kintu kahA~, kaba aura kina paristhitiyoM meM kisa prakAra se abhivyakti karanA, yaha bodha honA Avazyaka hai, eka galata abhiyakti jahAM vyakti aura samAja meM bhI visaMvAda utpanna kara detI hai, vahIM eka samyak abhivyakti jIvana meM susaMvAda utpanna kara jIvana ko sarasa banA detI hai| vyakti kA parivAra aura samAja se jur3anA aura TUTanA donoM hI usakI abhivyakti para nirbhara karate haiM / ataH jIvana vANI kA athavA abhivyakti kA samyak prastutIkaraNa kaise ho, isakA prazikSaNa bhI Avazyaka hai| jIvana prabandhana ke antargata hameM yaha jAnanA hogA ki vANI kA prayoga apanI daihika abhivyaktiyoM kA prayoga hama kaise, kaba, kahA~ kareM tAki jIvana meM samarasatA banI rahe / yahA~ vizeSa rUpa se samajhane yogya tathya yaha hai ki abhivyakti ke samyak prastutIkaraNa IL

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81 anekAnta 66/4, akTUbara-disambara 2013 ke mAdhyama se hI vyakti jIvana meM susaMvAda aura samarasatA ko prApta kara sakatA hai|vaannii aura abhivyakti ke durUpayoga ke kyA pariNAma hote haiM ise hama mahAbhArata se samyak prakAra se jAna sakate haiN| ataH jIvana prabandhana meM vANI kA samyak prabandhana bhI Avazyaka hai| __ Aja manuSya ke lie paryAvaraNa prabandhana kI bhI eka mahatI AvazyakatA hai, kyoMki pradaSita paryAvaraNa se na kevala manuSya jIvana ko khatarA hai, apita usake sAtha sampUrNa prANIya sRSTi kA prazna bhI jur3A huA hai| yadi jala aura vAyu pradUSita ho jAte haiM to sampUrNa prANIya jIvana hI samApta ho jaavegaa|n kevala itanA hI, apitu vanaspati jagat hI samApta ho jAvegA aura vanaspati jagata ke abhAva meM prANIya jagata bhI jIvita nahIM rahegA aura prANI jagata ke abhAva meM jagata kI jar3a vastue~ cAhe rahe unake upayogakartA ke abhAva meM unakA koI mUlyahI nahIMraha jaavegaa|is prakAra paryAvaraNa prabandhanakA tattva bhI jIvana prabandhana ke sAtha jur3A huA hai| ___ cAhe jIvana-prabandhana zabda Adhunika lagatA ho, kintu vaha to eka samyak jIvanazailI kA vikAsa hai| vaha hameM yahI sikhAtA hai vaiyaktika aura sAmAjika jIvana kaise jInA cAhie? vaha hamAre yathArtha jIvana ko eka AdarzajIvana banAne kI eka kalA hai| vastutaH vyakti ekAkI prANI nahIM hai| manuSya kI eka paribhASA use sAmAjika prANI ke rUpa meM bhI dekhatI hai (Manisasocial animal)|ydi manuSya eka sAmAjika prANI hai to use samAja meM kaise jIvana jInA hai? yaha bhI jAnanA hogaa|saath hI use samAja meM pArasparika vyavahAra kA samyak tarIkA bhI sIkhanA hogaa|ise hI jaina darzana meM samyakcAritra ke rUpa meM jAnA jAtA hai|smaaj eka vRhad ikAI hai, yadyapi usa ikAI ke kendra meM manuSya hai, kintu dUsarI ora eka sabhya manuSya samAja kI hI dena hai| usane pArasparika vyavahAra kA DhaMga yA dUsare zabdoM meM samAja meM jIvana jIne kA DhaMga samAja se sIkhA hai|vykti aura samAja eka dUsare para AdhArita hai, ve paraspara sApekSa hai| vyakti ke binA samAja aura samAja ke binA vyakti kA koI artha nahIM hai| sAmAjika jIvana zailI mAnava

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88 anekAnta 66/4, akTUbara-disambara 2013 samAja kI eka vizeSatA hai| yahA~ yaha jJAtavya hai ki samAja mAtra vyaktiyoM kA samUha yA bhIr3a nahIM hai, usakA apanA eka taMtra yA vyavasthA hai| yaha sAmAjika vyavasthA bhI jIvana kI AvazyakatAoM kI pUrti kA eka sAdhana mAtra hai| svahita-sAdhana yA svArtha-pUrti yaha sabhya samAja meM manuSya kA jIvana kA lakSya nahIM hai|smaaj svArtha yA svahita-sAdhana ke mUlya para khar3A nahIM hotA hai, usakA AdhAra tyAga aura samarpaNa ke mUlya hai| svArthI vyaktiyoM kA samUha samAja nahIM hotA hai, dUsare zabdoM meM coroM,DAkuoM yA luTeroM kA samUha samAja nahIM hotA hai| samAja ke nirmANa hetu svahitakA tyAga yA svArthakA tyAga Avazyaka hai| usakA AdhAra sahayoga evaM maitrI kI bhAvanA haiN| ye Adarza jIvana mUlya bhI Aja hameM zikSA ke mAdhyama se prApta hote haiM, kintu yaha zikSA kisI skUla evaM kaoNleja meM nahIM hotI, apitu ghara-parivAra aura samAja meM hI hotI hai| svastha manuSya evaM svastha samAja ke lie ina jIvana mUlyoM kA prazikSaNa Avazyaka hai kintu isakI prAthamika pAThazAlA-ghara-parivAra, samAja aura dharma hai|sd saMskAroM kA yApana jIvana prabandhana kI zikSA dvArA hI sambhava hai| vastutaH samAja prabandhana samAja kA prabandhana nahIM hai, vaha apanI jIvana zailI kA prabandhana hai| vaha samAja ke dUsare sadasyoM ke prati hamArI samyak jIvana zailI yA samyak vyavahAra kA DhaMga sIkhatA hai| Aja sAmAnya jana kI eka mAnyatA yaha hai ki samAja sudhAra se vyakti kA sudhAra hogA, kintu yaha eka galata avadhAraNA hai|smaaj kA pramukha ghaTaka vyakti hai,jabatakavaiyaktika stara para sudhAra ke prayatna nahIM hoMge-samAja sudhAra sambhava nahIM hai| bhAratIya cintana meM jo cAra puruSArtha mAne gaye haiM aura unameM se tIna - dharma, artha aura kAma samAjAdhArita hai| ___dharmavyavasthA yA dharmatantrakA mukhya kAryato samyaksAmAjika jIvanazailI kA vikAsa karanA hI hai| eka sabhya evaM susaMskRta samAja kA nirmANa tyAga evaM saMyama ke jIvana mUlyoM ko jIvana vyavahAra meM sthAna dene se hI saMbhava hai| dharma, samAja yA parivAra ke dUsare sadasyoM ke hita sAdhana hetu tyAga samarpaNa evaM sevA ke jIvana mUlyoM ko AtmasAt karanA hogaa| dharma eka niyAmaka jIvana mUlya hai, dUsare zabdoM meM dharma, artha, kAma aura pArasparika vyavahAra kA niyAmaka

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anekAnta 66/4, akTUbara-disambara 2013 hai| isalie kahA jAtA hai ki, "AcAro prathamaH dhrm"| dharma kevala jAnane yA mAnane kI vastu nahIM hai, vaha samyak DhaMga se jIvana jIne kA eka tarIkA bhI hai| ___ arthaaura kAmajIvana keeka Avazyaka aMgahai,unakI saMpUrti bhI Avazyaka hai, kintu unakA saMyamana Avazyaka hai|kyoNki artha aura kAma jIvana ke sAdhya nahIM hai, sAdhana hai| sAdhana Avazyaka hote haiM, kintu unakI mUlyavattA sAdhya ko pAne meM nihita hotI hai| sAdhanA ko hI sAdhya banA lenA yA mAna lenA hI jIvana kI sabase bhayaMkara bhUla hai, dharma meM ise mithyAtva kahA gayA hai| sAdhana ko sAdhya kI prApti ke lie apanAyA hai, kintu hamArI rAgAtmakatA yA Asakti use sAdhya mAna letI hai aura aisI meM mUla lakSya kahIM dRSTi se ojhala ho jAtA hai|arth aura kAma artha aura kAma (roTI, kapar3A makAna Adi) mUlataH Atma zAnti ke hetu hai, kintu jaba vyakti inhIM sAdhanoM ko hI sAdhya banA letA hai, to vaha apane mUla lakSya AtmatoSa yA AtmazAMti se vaMcita ho jAtA hai|saadhnoN kA apanAnA Avazyaka hai, kintu dhyAna rahe ki ye sAdhana kahIM sAdhya na bana jAye, anyathA tRSNAjanya duHkha ke mahAsAgara se pAra jAnA kaThina hogaa|jiivn prabandhana kA mUla lakSya bhI eka aisI jIvana zailI kA vikAsa karanA hai,jo mAnava prajAti ko samyaksukha (Ananda)aura zAMti pradAna kara sake aura usakA samyak dizA meM AdhyAtmika vikAsa hosakeM aura vaha zAzvata jIvana-mUlya AtmazAMti ko prApta kara skeN| - saMsthApaka nidezaka, prAcya vidyApITha, dupAr3A roDa, zAjApura (ma.pra.)

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gatAMka se Age... zramaNa saMskRti kI vyApakatA pro. DaoN.rAjArAma jaina zramaNa-jaina-sAhitya kI vyApakatA : zramaNa-saMskRti ke dUsare pramukha aMga-zramaNa-sAhitya ko leM to vizva meM usakI lokapriyatA aura vyApakatA bhI Azcaryajanaka hai| isakA mUlakAraNa hai, usameM samAhita samAja kI mukhya ikAI-mAnava ke caritrotthAna ke sAtha-sAtha jJAna-vijJAna,manovijJAna aura lokajIvana saMbandhI saiddhAntika evaM vyAvahArika sAmagrI kI prcurtaa|smaaj evaM rASTra ke bahuAyAmI vikAsa ke liye isa prakAra ke jIvana-mUlyoM sambandhI sAmagrI Avazyaka hI nahIM, anivArya bhI hotI hai| ___ jainAcAryoM kI yaha vizeSatA rahI hai ki unhoMne apane lekhana-kArya ke pUrva rASTriya evaM sAmAjika samasyAoM evaM AvazyakatAoM ko samajhane ke prayatna avazya kiye hoNge| tatpazcAt unake racanAtmaka samAdhAna ke lie svayaM gahana-ciMtana bhI kiyA hogaa| unhoMne sarvaprathama yaha anubhava kiyA ki vyakti se parivAra aura parivAra se samAja banatA hai aura usase rASTra evaM vishv| ataH yadi vyakti sAtvikajIvI evaM saccaritra banatA hai, yadi vaha mAnava-jIvana ko vikRta kara dene vAlI hiMsA, asatya,corI,kazIla evaM parigraha ke prati Asakti tathA krodha, mAna, mAyA evaM lobha jaisI duSpravRttiyoM se dUra rahe to, parivAra samAja evaM rASTra svataH hI caritravAn udAra-hRdaya, paropakArI evaM Adarza bana skeNge| zramaNa-saMskRti ke mahAnAyakoM evaM AcAryoM ne yaha bhI anubhava kiyA ki sAmAnya janatA ke liye samakAlIna lokapriya janabhASA meM hI sarvodayI pravacana evaM sAhitya-lekhana honA caahie| dhyAtavya hai ki mahAvIra-kAla (I.pU. 599-527) se lekara IsvI sankI prArambhika do sadiyoM taka paramparA-prApta lokapriya janabhASA prAkRta rhii|yhii kAraNa hai ki sAmAnya janatA kI sugamatA kI dRSTi se mahAvIra evaM gautama-buddha ke upadezoM ke sAtha-sAtha baDalI zilAlekha (I.pU.443) maurya samrATa azoka

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IL vr anekAnta 66/4 akTUbara-disambara 2013 (I.pU. 269) tathA jaina samrATa khAravela (I.pU.180 ke AsapAsa) tathA IsvI san kI prArambhika lagabhaga do sadiyoM taka upadezoM evaM prAcIna aitihAsika-zilAlekhoM meM prAkRta bhASA ke hI prayoga kie jAte rhe| 91 yuga-pradhAna AcArya kundakunda (I.pU. 108-012) aise prathama jainAcArya haiM, jinhoMne saMbhavataH sarvaprathama pASANa-lekhana chor3akara bhUrjapatra yA tAr3apatra - prayoga aura hathor3I-chainI ke sthAna para kASTha lekhanI evaM vAnaspatika-raMgoM se apanA lekhana- kArya prAraMbha kara Agama-sammat 84 pAhur3a-granthoM kI racanA kI / videzI bhASAoM / boliyoM meM prAkRtoM kA sammizraNaH yaha tathya bhI bar3A rocaka evaM garimApUrNa hai ki jaina - sAhitya kI sArvajanInatA tathA jaina- paryaTakoM kI vaidezika yAtrAoM aura videzI saMparkoM tathA unase maitrIbhAva ke kAraNa prAkRta ke aneka zabdoM kA videzI bhASAoM para itanA adhika prabhAva par3A ki ve unameM dUdha meM mizrI ke samAna ghula-mila gaye / unake kucha udAharaNa dekhiye - vizva kI zabda-paramparA kA yadi tulanAtmaka adhyayana kiyA jAya, to usase vidita hotA hai ki prAkRta zabda dugdha meM zarkarA ke mizraNa ke samAna sarvatra mila sakate haiN| merI dRSTi se isakA kAraNa sambhavataH yahI rahA hogA ki sahasrAbdiyoM pUrva se hI paNiyoM (baniyoM yA vyApAriyoM) kA vyApArika dRSTi se videzoM meM AnA-jAnA lagA rahatA thaa| inake mAdhyama se vyApAra ke sAtha-sAtha sAMskRtika evaM bhASika AdAna-pradAna bhI hote rahe the| paNiyoM (RgvekAlIna) ke bAda bhI isa paramparA ko jArI rakhA paravartI jaina vyApAriyoM seTha cArudatta, zrIpAla, jinendradatta, bhaviSyadatta, acala, naTTala sAhU Adi mahAsArthavAhoM ne| rUsa meM surakSita jaina sAhityaH rUsa se prAcya bhAratIya vidyA ke adhyetA evaM zodhakartA levina a. vigAsina ne apane adhyayana-krama meM batalAyA hai ki rUsa meM prAkRta evaM jaina-vidyA ke kSetra meM paryApta zodha-kArya hue haiN| vahA~ prAkRta kI aneka jaina-pANDulipiyA~ surakSita haiN| sAtha hI kucha jaina-granthoM para zodha kArya ke sAtha-sAtha unakA prakAzana bhI vahA~ se kiyA gayA hai| vigAsina ke anusAra rUsa ke vibhinna zAstra - bhaNDAroM meM:vararuci kRta kavitAoM ke saMgraha (nItisAra evaM nItiratna) IL

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vr anekAnta 66/4 akTUbara-disambara 2013 ajJAta jaina kavi kRtaH subhASitArNava (1000 zloka pramANa) nidhi-zAstra-bhaNDAra meM surakSita : bhAratIya-nATakoM se saMbandhita 20 pANDulipiyA~, jinameM se eka - nayavijaya kRta jaina -kAvya -"citrasena- padmAvatI caritta" kI pANDulipi surakSita hai, jo 'sundarI - padmAvatI' kI vikhyAta kathA kA jaina rUpAMtaraNa hai| isa racanA meM 536 zloka haiN| 92 gopInAtha kRta-"kautuka - sarvasva " - nAmakA eka nATaka bhI hai, jisameM bhRSTa rAjAoM para tIkhA vyaMgya kiyA gayA hai| zarva varma kRta tathA durgasiMha kI TIkA sahita - "kAtantra-vyAkaraNa" kI tIna prtiyaaN| mahAkavi guNADhya kRta - paizAcI prAkRta meM likhita adbhuta kathA-grantha"baDDhakahA" adyAvadhi (anupalabdha) / isa kathA - grantha ke kucha aMzoM kA mahAkavi kSemendra dvArA likhita saMskRta - gadya rUpAntara kI pANDulipi tathA belAlapaMca-viMzati kI pANDulipi surakSita hai| caNDa (prAkRta-vaiyAkaraNa) kRta - " prAkRta - lakSaNa" kI nepAlI hastalikhita pANDulipi tathA - jaina- jyotiSa evaM jaina sAmudrika zAstra sambandhI 140 pANDulipiyA~, jinameM se kucha atyanta mUlyavAna kahI gaI haiM, vahA~ surakSita haiN| rUsa ke hI ukta nidhi - zAstra - bhaNDAra meM surakSita - AcArAMga - sUtra kI eka pANDulipi tathA usakI zIlAMka kRta "AcAra- TIkA " / kalpasUtra kI do pratiyA~, jinameM se kalpasUtra kI eka prati " kalpalatA " nAmakI TIkA tathA lakSmIballabha kRta "kalpadrumakalikA-TIkA" se yukta hai| jarmanI meM jaina - sAhityaH jaina - sAhitya ke saMgrahaNa, saMkalana, saMrakSaNa, zodha evaM samIkSA kI dRSTi se jarmanI kI prAcya bhAratIya vidyA-prema adbhuta mAnA gayA hai| DaoN. vI. rAghavan ne bhArata sarakAra ke anurodha se vizva meM vyApta prAcya bhAratIya pANDulipiyoM kA sarvekSaNa kiyA thA aura apanI khoja ke niSkarSa svarUpa unhoMne batalAyA thA ki videzoM 61 meM lagabhaga 50 hajAra pANDulipiyA~ yatra-tatra surakSita haiM, unameM se 50 pratizata pANDulipiyA~ akele jarmanI meM surakSita haiN| isa tathya se jarmanI ke vidvAnoM kI bhAratIya pANDulipiyoM meM samAhita apUrva jJAna-vijJAna ke bhaNDAra ke udghATana ke prati jijJAsA spaSTa vidita hotI hai| vr

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anekAnta 66/4, akTUbara-disambara 2013 prApta sUcanAoM ke AdhAra para jarmanI meM lagabhaga 5 hajAra granthAgAra haiM, jinameM se akele barlina ke hI eka granthAgAra meM 12 hajAra bhAratIya pANDulipiyA~ haiN| unameM prAkRta-bhASA evaM jaina-sAhitya kI aneka pANDulipiyA~ haiN| barlina vizvavidyAlaya meM lagabhaga 8 dazakoM se prAkRta evaM jaina vidyA kA adhyayana evaM zodha kArya cala rahA hai| __ o.bohaTaliMska (san1848 I.)- ne suprasiddha koza-grantha-abhidhAnacintAmaNi(AcArya hemacandra,13vIM sadI)kI vizeSa upayogitA dekhakara usakA saMpAdana kara jarmanI se usakA prakAzana kraayaa| albrekhta bebare (1866 I.)- dvArA zatrujaya-mAhAtmya tathA ardhamAgadhI aMga-Agama ke chaThaveM grantha-bhagavatI-sUtra ke kucha mahattvapUrNa aMzoM ke anuvAda unake aitihAsika mUlyAMkana ke sAtha prakAzita kiye gye| __ albarTa bebara-prAcya-vidyAvidoMkI dRSTi meM albarTa bevara sarvatonmukhI pratibhA ke dhanI tathA athaka parizramI-sAdhaka the| jisa samaya bhAratIya pANDulipiyoM ke mUla-pAThoM ke saMskaraNa nitAnta durlabha the, usa samaya kI mAMga kA anubhava kara unhoMne darjanoM pANDulipiyoM kA adhyayana evaM samIkSAtmaka mUlyAMkana kiyA aura usase deza-videza ke prAcya-vidyAvidoM ko prerita kara unakA mArga-darzana kiyA thaa| DaoN. hornale (1841-1918) ne ardhamAgadhI prAkRta ke sAtaveM aMga"uvAsagadasAoM" kA samIkSAtmaka sampAdana evaM anuvAda kara usake mUlyAMkana se prAcya vidyA jagat ko prabhAvita kiyA hai| ___ geArga vyUlara se ukta bevara ne gujarAta kI aneka jaina-pANDulipiyA~ prApta kara unakA bhI samIkSAtmaka adhyayana kiyA thaa| isa samIkSAtmaka adhyayana ne ensarTa lAumena (1859-1931 I.) tathA harmana yA~kovI ko paryApta prabhAvita kiyaa| __sambhavataH harmana yA~kovI (1850-1937) prathama aise vidvAn the, jinhoMne dina-rAta athaka parizrama kara pAzcAtya-vidvAnoM ko sabase pahile yaha pratIti karAI thI ki jainadharma bauddhadharma kI zAkhA nahIM hai| unhoMne vividha pramANoM ke sAtha usesarva prAcIna evaM svataMtra dharma ghoSita kiyA thA jise prAyaH sabhI ne svIkRta kiyaa|

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94 anekAnta 66/4, akTUbara-disambara 2013 ___ harmana yaoNkovI naiM bataMka Thavavo va ijIma meMja (pUrva ke pavitra grantha) nAmaka granthamAlA ke do jaina-sUtra granthoM kA saMpAdana evaM anuvAda do khaNDoM meM prakAzita kiye the aura kalpasUtra kA sampAdita saMskaraNa san1879 I. meM, haribhadra(AThavIM sadI) kRta sanatkumAra-carita kA sampAdana-anuvAda san 1921 tathA bhavisayatta-kahA(dhanapAla kRta)kA saMpAdana prakAzana san1918 I. meM prakAzita karAye the| isake atirikta bhI san 1900 ke Asa-pAsa unhoMne (harmana yAkovI ne) mahArASTrI-prAkRta kI kucha cunI huI lokopayogI kathAoM ke AdhAra para mahArASTra-prAkRta kI vyAkaraNa sambandhI vizeSatAoM para prakAza ddaalaa| harmana yA~kovI ke prati jaina-samAja kA Adara bhAvaH harmana-yAkovI ke ukta zodha-saMpAdana kAryoM se prabhAvita hokara bhAratIya jaina-samAja ne unake prati kRtajJatA kara san 1948 meM unake zodha-nibandhoM kA "jainadharma kA adhyayana" nAmakA nibandha-saMgraha prakAzita kiyA hai| jarmanI meM jaina-zodha evaM samIkSAtmaka-mUlyAMkana kI yaha paramparA Age bhI calatI rahI aura helmutha-phAna glAsanaipa ne san 1925 meM -"bhAratIya dharmoM meM jainadharma ke mokSamArga kA svarUpa" nAmakA grantha likhA tathA bAlTara zubriga (1881-1969 I.) ne san 1935 meM "jaina-tIrthakaroM ke upadeza" nAmaka grantha likhakara usakA prakAzana kraayaa| jarmanI ke saMvadenazIla vidvAnoM-prAkRta ke suprasiddha vaiyAkaraNa aura "prAkRta bhASAoM kA vyAkaraNa (san 1900) ke lekhaka DaoN.pizela tathA pAli-bhASA aura sAhitya ke itihAsa ke lekhaka gAyagira ne jaba anubhava kiyA ki prAkRta-bhASAoM tathA Adhunika bhAratIya bhASAoMkI saMyojaka-kaDI(apabhraMza) kI aba anadekhI yA upekSA nahIM kI jA sakatI.taba unakI preraNA se hAmabarga (jarmanI) ke DaoN.luDiviMga-AlsaDaoNrpha tathA barlina (jarmanI) ke DaoN.kloja brUhna ne apabhraMza-bhASA aura sAhitya para zodha-samIkSAtmaka kArya kiyaa| ___ ina tathyoM se yaha spaSTa hai ki jarmanI ke vidvAnoM ne prAkRta-apabhraMza-bhASA, jainadharma evaM usake sAhitya para to zodha-paraka-abhUtapUrva kArya kiye|

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anekAnta 66/4, akTUbara-disambara 2013 phrAMsa meM surakSita jaina sAhityaH itihAsakAroM ke sarvekSaNoM ke anasAra phrAMsa meM lagabhaga eka hajAra vizAla granthAlaya haiM, jinameM se perisa ke akele hI eka viviliyothika nAmake granthAgAra meM 40 lAkha grantha haiM aura jinameM se bAraha sahasra grantha saMskRta evaM prAkRta-bhASA ke haiM, jo bhArata se le jAe gae hoNge| ___ san 1965 ke AsapAsa maiMne (pro. rAjArAma jaina ne) eka lekha meM likhA thA ki mujhe mahAkavi raidhU kRta apabhraMza-bhASA kI sirisirivAla-cariu kI pANDulipi nahIM mila rahI hai|atH mere zodha-kArya meM kucha gatirodha A rahA hai| saMyoga se usa lekha ko perisa (phrAMsa) kI eka saMvedanazIla-viduSI mahilA pro. nalinI balavIra jI ne pddh'aa|use unhoMne perisa ke eka zAstra-bhaNDAra meM khojA to vaha vahA~ surakSita thii|unhoNne tatkAla hI usakI phoTo-karAkara mujhe bhijavA dI thii|taatpry yaha hai ki phrAMsa ke aneka zAstra-bhaNDAroM meM jaina-pANDulipiyA~ surakSita haiN| ukta pro. nalinI balavIra jI ne bhI kucha jaina-pANDulipiyoM para zodha kArya kiyA hai tathA eka svataMtrazodha-nibandha bhI likhA thA jisameM perisa (phrAMsa) meM surakSita kucha viziSTa jaina pANDulipiyoM kI carcA kI gaI hai| saMdarbha sUcIH 1. An eminent archaeoligist says that if we draw with a radius of ten (10) miles having any spot in India as the centre we are sure to find some Jain remains within that circle. - Vide kannad monthly Vivekabhyudaya P.96(1940) de. jaina-zAsana (divAkara) pR. 298 se saabhaar| 2. de.Encyclopaedia of world Religions - Vol-VIIP.450-470 tathA videzoM meM jainadharma (DaoN. gokulaprasAda jaina) se saabhaar| 3. Ancient India P.70 4. AL. P.71 5. The Life of Buddha (1927) 2.74, 115 6. Science of comparative Religions (1897)P.28,40 7. Berniar's Travels in the Mughal Empire P. 317 8. vIra (zodha patrikA) varSa 7, pR. 177 9. .......while East India was certainly the fruitful centre of religion from 7th Century B.C. yet Trans-Himalaya, Oxiana, Bactria and

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anekAnta 66/4, akTUbara-disambara 2013 Kaspiana seem to have still earliar developed similar religioius view and practices as Indian jaina and buddha claim and almost historically show that about a score of their saintly leaders perambulated the eastern world long prior to 7th century B.C. Many reasonably believe that Jainism was very anciently preached by them from china to Kaspiana. It existed in oxiana and North of Himalayas 2000 (Two thousand) years before lord Mahavira (see.) The science of comparative religions by major General fourlong (1897)P.28(AcArya vidyAnaMda muni kRta "kalyANa-muni evaM sikandara" se sAbhAra) 10. de. madhya eziyA aura paMjAba meM jainadharma (hI. lA. duggar3a) pRSTha 53-54 11. de. Buddhist Record of western world translated from the chines of Hiuen-Tsiang by Samual Beal (2 Vols) London (1884) Vol.I.P.55 (madhya eziyA..... duggar3a se sAbhAra) tathA Jainism in Northern India (by Dr. C.J. Shah) London 1932 P.54 12. de. sanmati sandeza (patrikA) agasta 1962, pR. 32, meM prakAzita suprasiddha itihAsakAra zrI vizvambharanAtha pANDeya ke nibandha se saabhaar| 13. de. vividhatIrthakalpa-siMghI jaina granthamAlA (granthAMka-10) mumbaI pR.86(1934) 14. madhya eziyA evaM paMjAba meM jainadharma - (duggar3a) pR.60 15. madhya eziyA meM .......... pR.55-56 16. madhya eziyA meM .......... pR.55-56 17. madhya eziyA meM ......... pR.55-56 18. sampAdaka-nAgendranAtha vasu tR.khaM.pR. 128 19. vizeSa ke liye dekhiye ba.lAmacIdAsa kRta merI kailAza yAtrA tathA madhya eziyA. ......... jainadharma (duggar3a) pR.57-59 (dillI 1979) 20. vizeSa ke lie dekhiye- bra. lAmacIdAsa kRta merI kailAza yAtrA tathA madhya __ eziyA........jainadharma (duggar3a) pR.57-59 (dillI 1979) 21. madhya eziyA meM ........... pR.60,61 22. hindI vizva koza (tR.khaM. pR. 128) 23. lAmacIdAsa- merI kailAza yaatraa| - bI-5/40sI, saikTara-34, dhavalagiri, posTa- noeDA (u.pra.) 201307