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FASTING-FATHER
funeral, 2, 137; 14, 28; no f. allowed to women apart from their husbands, 7, 111; 25, 196; taking a single meal consisting of food fit for oblations, each day of the month Kârttika, purifies from sin, 7, 265; at a worship of Vishnu, 7, 268 sq.; enjoined for hermits, 7, 278; 14, 293; recommended by some sects, forbidden by others, 8, 375; the fool who fasts is not worth the sixteenth particle of those who have well weighed the law, 10 (i), 21; does not purify a man, 10 (ii), 41; a Muni should take little food, 10 (ii), 129 sq.; Upavasatha or f.-day before the Agnyâdheya, 12, 291; to subsist on alms is better than f., 14, 46; 25, 64; forbidden (except as penance) for householders and students, 14, 266; on entering the order of ascetics, 14, 274, 276; Brahmanas seek to know the Self by f., 15, 179; various modes of f., 22, 298-300; 45, 175 sq., 175 n., 230; mental derangement in consequence of f., 22, 300 n.; at the debtor's door, a mode of recovering debts, 25, 262 1.; 33, 72 n., 330, 330 n.; milk as fast-food for the sacrificer during his Dîkshâ, 26, 6, 28, 37-43, 37 n., 110 sq., 156; 41, 262; 43, 255 sq., 342 n.; 44, 119, 119 n.; the Brahmakarin shall fast at the end of the daily Veda recitation, 29, 73; when on a journey one should not fast, 29, 90; to avert evil omens, 29, 139; previous to an auspicious rite, 29, 180, 291; at ceremonies for the obtainment of special wishes, 29, 425, 428, 430 sq.; 30, 115-17, 119, 125, 127; general rules about f., 29, 425; during the time of an omitted sacrifice, 30, 40; husband and wife fast, when the nuptial fire goes out, 30, 193, 261; before ordeals, 33, 105, 116, 118, 250, 260; when a single man has to determine a boundary, he must first fast, 33, 352; of a wife, 33, 369; disuse of food does not conduce to attainment of insight, 36, 61 sq.; when the sacrificer enters on the fast, he gives himself up to the gods, 44, 22; at the Sautrâmanî, 44, 240, 240 n.; the fast is the head of the sacrifice, and the initiation its body,
201
44, 240; kept by Gaina laymen, 45, 384; see also Pôsaha; the vow of f. called ahoratra, 49 (i), 199; observed by Mahâyâna Buddhists, 49 (ii), 192 sq. See also Abstinence, and Uposatha. (b) IN CHINA.
F. in preparation to ancestor worship, 3, 300, 304 n.; 39, 352; as a preliminary to marriage ceremonies, 27, 78, 441; in preparation to a sacrifice, 27, 87, 87 n. ; 28, 331; in midsummer, 27, 275; on the winter solstice, 27, 304; of the father at the birth of a child, 27, 471; before going to the ruler, 28, 6; rules about it, 28, 19; seven days of f., 28, 292; 'the f. of the mind,' 39, 208 sq.; a mechanic fasts in order to become of concentrated mind, 40, 22. See also Abstinence. IN ZOROASTRIANISM.
(c)
He who fasts commits a sin, 4, 47 sq., 47 n. ; for three nights, when one passes away, 5, 341, 341 n.; proper f. consists in not committing sin, 24, 348. (d) IN ISLÂM.
The fast of Ramadhân, 6, xXXV, lxxi-lxxiii, 25 sq.; f. as a penance, 6, 28, 85, 110 sq.; 9, 271; glad tidings to the believers who fast, 6, 189. Fatalism, see Predestination. Fatalists, their views refuted, 45,
239, 345-7.
Fate, see Destiny. Father, may teach his eldest son, 1, 44; the f.'s tradition to the son,' a ceremony performed by the f., when going to depart, 1, 291 sq.; 15, 96; dispute between f. and son, 7, 34 sq.; 25, 105, 105 n.; f. not to pay the debt of his son, 7, 45; pleasant in the world is the state of a f., 10 (i), 79; f., mother, and child, 15, 94; duties of a son to his f., 27, 121, 343-5, 343 n., 349, 352-4, 361-3; courses for f. and son, 27, 397; who has made the son revering the f.? 31, 109, 114; responsibility of f. for crimes of children, 37, 41, 187; disputing the debts of a f., 37, 65; gentle and kind to his son, 43, 25, 60, 206; in early life the sons subsist on the resources of their f., in later
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