Jain Yog ka Aalochanatmak Adhyayana

Author(s): Arhatdas Bandoba Dighe
Publisher: Parshwanath Shodhpith Varanasi
Catalog link: https://jainqq.org/explore/002123/1

Page #1
pArzvanAtha vidyAzrama granthamAlA : 23: jaina yoga kA AlocanAtmaka adhyayana DaoN0 arhadAsa baMDobA dige sohanalAla jainadharma pracAraka samiti Jain Eduction international www.jaipelibrary.org For Private & Personal use only

Page #2
pArzvanAtha vidyAzrama granthamAlA : 23 sampAdaka 'DaoN0 sAgaramala jaina jaina yoga kA AlocanAtmaka adhyayana lekhaka DaoN0 arhat dAsa banDobA dige ema0 e0, pI-eca.me. THESE ETE 15 16 2015 | DEMIEEEERSITEN palasaM nANaM ta yo dayA saccaM logammi sArabhUyaM prakAzaka sohanalAla jainadharma pracAraka samiti amRtasara prApti-sthAna pArzvanAtha vidyAzrama zodha saMsthAna vArANasI-5

Page #3
banArasa hindU yUnivarsiTI dvArA pI.eca0 DI0 ko upAdhi ke lie svIkRta zodha-prabandha prakAzaka sohanalAla jainadharma pracAraka samiti guru bAjAra amRtasara prApti-sthAna : pAzrvanAtha vidyAzrama zodha saMsthAna AI0 TI0 AI0 roDa, vArANasI-5 prakAzana-varSa: san 1981 mUlya: tIsa rupaye mudraka : ejUkezanala priMTarsa molA dInAnAtha, vArANasI-221001

Page #4
prakAzakIya DA. arhadAsa banDobA dige pAzrvanAtha vidyAzrama zodha saMsthAna, vArANasI ke zodha-chAtra rahe haiN| inheM jaina sAhitya vikAsa maNDala, bambaI ke dvArA prApta Arthika sahayoga se zodha chAtravRtti pradAna kI gaI thii| Apane "jaina yoga kA AlocanAtmaka adhyayana" nAmaka viSaya para parizramapUrvaka apanA zodha-prabandha likhA thA, jisa para kAzI hindU vizvavidyAlaya, vArANasI ke dvArA san 1970 meM pI-eca0 DI0 kI upAdhi pradAna kI gii| ___ yadyapi yaha zodha-prabandha kAphI pahale hI prakAzita honA cAhiye thA kintu prakAzana hetu Arthika sahayoga upalabdha na ho pAne ke kAraNa jaina yoga jaise mahatvapUrNa viSaya para likhA gayA yaha zodha-prabandha apane prakAzana kI lambe samaya taka pratIkSA hI karatA rhaa| saMsthA ke koSAdhyakSa zrI gulAbacandajI jaina ne isa zodha-prabandha ke prakAzana ke sambandha meM mahattarA sAdhvI zrI mRgAvatI jI se carcA kii| unhoMne evaM sva0 prI0 pRthvIrAjajI jaina ne zrI Atmavallabha jaina smAraka zikSaNa nidhi ke adhikAriyoM ko preraNA dekara isa zodha-prabandha ke prakAzana hetu 5 hajAra rupaye kA sahayoga pradAna krvaayaa| isake lie vidyAzrama sAdhvI zrI jI kA, zrI Atmavallabha jaina smAraka zikSaNa nidhi ke adhikAriyoM kA evaM saMsthA ke koSAdhyakSa zrI gulAbacaMdajI kA atyanta AbhArI hai ki ina sabake sahayoga ke phalasvarUpa Aja hama isa zodha-prabandha ko prakAzita kara pA rahe haiM / __ Aja jaba manuSya mAnasika tanAvoM aura mAnasika vikSobhoM se AkrAMta hai aura usakI mAnasika zAnti usase china cukI hai, Aja jaba mAnavatA bhautika sukha-suvidhAoM kI acchI daur3a meM apane vinAza ke kagAra para khar3I huI hai, aisI sthiti meM yadi Aja manuSya ko koI usakI zAnti aura Ananda vApasa lauTA sakatA hai to vaha adhyAtma hI hai / Aja manuSya ke sAmane bhautikavAda kI vyarthatA spaSTa ho cukI hai aura manuSyatA AdhyAtma kI zItala chAyA meM Ane ke lie lAlAyita hai, jisake spaSTa saMketa Aja hameM pazcima ke dezoM meM milane lage haiN| Aja videzI loga bhAratIya yoga sAdhanA ke prati adhikAdhika

Page #5
AkarSita ho rahe haiN| jaina yoga bhAratIya yoga paramparA ko hI eka viziSTa dhArA hai jo AcArazuddhi ke sAtha-sAtha vivArazuddhi para bhI bala detI hai / bhAratIya yoga paramparA ke samyak adhyayana ke lie jena yoga kA adhyayana bhI Avazyaka hai| DaoN0 arhadadAsa banDobA dige kA jaina yoga saMbaMdhI yaha zodha prabandha bhAratIya yoga paramparA ke adhyetAoM ke lie to upayogI hogA hI sAtha hI sAtha una logoM ke lie bho ayogo hogA jo jaina yoga ke saiddhAntika paricaya ke sAtha-sAtha adhyAtma ko sAdhanA meM Age bar3hanA cAhate haiM / hama saMsthAna ke nidezaka DA. sAgaramala jaina ke bhI AbhArI haiM jinhoMne grantha ke sampAdana evaM prakAzana meM pUrA sahayoga diyaa| sAtha ho hama zodhachAtra zrI ravizaMkara mizra evaM zrI maMgala prakAza mehatA tathA ejukezanala priMTarsa ke prati bhI AbhArI haiM jinhoMne isa grantha ke prUpharIDiMga evaM mudraNa Adi kAryoM meM sahayoga dekara isa prakAzana ko sambhava bnaayaa| bhUpendra nAtha jaina mantrI pArzvanAtha vidyAzrama zodha saMsthAna vArANasI

Page #6
samarpaNa paramapUjya jinazAsana ratna AcArya pravara zrI vijaya samudra sUri jI ma sAo ko sAdara samarpita

Page #7
jinakI smRti meM yaha grantha prakAzita ho rahA hai jJAna prabhAkara paMjAba kezarI jainAcArya zrI zrI 1008 zrI bijaya ballabha sUri jI ma. sA. janma dIkSA AcArya pada svargavAsa vi0 saM0 1927 vi0 saM0 1944 vi0 saM0 1989 vi0 saM0 2011

Page #8
jana-jana vallabha AcArya zrI vijayavallabha sUrIzvara -- mAnava-sabhyatA ke AdikAla se hI bhArata vizva kA AdhyAtmika guru rahA hai| ise devabhUmi, RSibhUmi, dharmadharA Adi ke nAma se yAda kiyA jAtA rahA hai| pAzcAtya vidvAn maiksamUlara kA mata thA ki bhAratIya zizu ko AdhyAtmikatA vaMzaparamparA se prApta hai| upaniSadoM meM ullekha hai ki jaba RSi yAjJavalkya apanI sAMsArika saMpatti kA ba~TavArA apanI do patniyoM meM karane lage to maitreyI ne kahA, "maiM usa saMpatti ko lekara kyA karUMgI jisase amRtatva kI prApti nahIM hotii|' AtmajijJAsu bAlaka naciketA ne yamarAja dvArA die jAnevAle bhautika varadAnoM ko ThukarA kara kahA thA ki mujhe to AtmavidyA dojie| prAgaitihAsika kAla se pravAhita huI santoM aura mahAtmAoM kI yaha paraMparA isa devabhUmi bhArata meM abhI bhI akSuNNa hai| . isI zRMkhalA ko eka kar3I haiM jJAna-bhAskara, kalikAla kalpataha, bhAratadivAkara, paMjAbakesarI, yugavIra jainAcArya zrI zrI 1008 zrImad vijayavallabha sUrIzvara jI mahArAja; jinhoMne prAtaHsmaraNIya, nyAyAmbhonidhi, navayuga-pravartaka jainAcArya zrI zrI 1008 zrImad vijayAnaMda sUri jI ( prasiddha nAma zrI AtmArAma jI) ke paTTAlaMkAra banakara unake mizana kI pUrti ke lie sarvasva ko bAjI lagA dI thii| caritranAyaka zrI vijayavallabha jI ne jinadharma-pracAra, zikSA-prasAra, jinamandiroddhAra, sAhitya prakAzana, sAhitya saMkalana, madhyamavarga utkarSa, jaina ekatA, rASTra nirmANa Adi ke aise aneka kArya kie jo itihAsa ke pRSThoM meM svarNAkSaroM meM sudIrghakAla taka aMkita rheNge| ____ jIvana rekhA : hamAre caritra nAyaka kA janma kArtika zuklA dvitIyA ( bhAIdUja ) vi0 saM0 1927 ke dina bar3audA meM huA thA / bAlyAvasthA kA nAma chaganalAla thaa| dharmamanA pUjya pitAzrI dIpacaMda kA nidhana usa samaya ho gayA jaba bAlaka mAtra 9 varSa kA thaa| kucha samaya pazcAt mahAyAtrArtha prasthAna karatI huI pUjyA mAtA se bAlaka chaganalAla ne

Page #9
pUchA ki mujhe kisake sahAre chor3a rahI haiN| dharma se ota-prota mAtA kA uttara thA-'arihaMta kI shrnn'| ye zabda chaganalAla kI AtmA se avinAbhAva saMbaMdha se baddha ho gae aura 84 varSa kI Ayu ke aMtima kSaNa taka chaganalAla arihaMta ke pAdapaMkajoM meM tallIna rhe| bAlaka gRhavAsa karatA huA bhI hRdaya se saMsAra-virakta thaa| yahI kAraNa hai ki 17 varSa kI Ayu meM usane tatkAlIna jaina samAja ke AdhyAtmika netA dhuraMdhara vidvAn aura vizvavikhyAta jainamuni zrI AtmArAma jI se 'Atmadhana' kI yAcanA kii| aneka bAdhAoM ko pAra karate hue vi0 saM0 1944 meM chaganalAla jainamuni ke rUpa meM dIkSita hue aura unakA nAma 'vallabhavijaya' rakhA gyaa| nAma aisA guNAnurUpa sArthaka siddha huA ki ve apane Adarza caritra, zAsanasevA, samAjasevA aura rASTrasevA ke kAraNa jana-jana ke hRdaya ke vallabha-priya ho ge| sAdhu-jIvana meM praveza karate hI unhoMne vyAkaraNa, sAhitya, darzana, Agama, nyAya, kAvya, dharmazAstra Adi kA adhyayana kiyA aura uccakoTi ke pratiSThita vidvAn bana gae / lagabhaga nau varSa taka unheM zrImad vijayAnanda sUrIzvara ko chatrachAyA prApta hotI rhii| vi0 saM0 1953 meM isa mahAn guru kA svargavAsa huA / aMtima samaya meM unhoMne guruvallabha ko sarasvatI mandiroM kI sthApanA tathA paMjAba ke jainasaMghoM meM dharma saMskAroM ko sudRr3ha karane kA sandeza diyaa| guruvallabha ne apane guru kI ina abhilASAoM ko sAkAra rUpa dene ke lie apane samasta jIvana kI Ahuti de dii| vi0 saM0 1981 meM lAhaura meM unheM AcArya pada se alaMkRta kiyA gayA aura vi0 saM0 2011 meM baMbaI meM ciranidrA meM lIna ho ge| zAsanasevA-jaina paramparA meM AcArya kA pada bahuta mahattvapUrNa hai| arihaMta tIrthaMkara kI sadvANI ke pracAra aura usake samyak artha kA uttaradAyitva unhIM para hai| sAtha hI caturvidha saMgha ke sanmArgadarzana, netRtva, dharma meM sthairya Adi kA bhAra bhI unhIM ke kaMdhoM para hai| ve svayaM zAstrajJa, sAkAra AcAra, kuzala netA, AdarzarUpa aura lokapriya hone caahie| zAstroM ke artha kA cayana, AcAra meM usakA saMsthApana aura svataH AcaraNa AcArya ke dharma haiN| zrImad vijayavallabha sUri isa kasauTI para pUre utre| unhoMne zraddhA ko puSTa karane ke lie aneka jina mandiroM kA nirmANa aura jIrNoddhAra kraayaa| kAlakoTharI meM banda sUrya

Page #10
( ga ). kI kiraNoM se aspRSTa hastalikhita granthoM ko bAhara nikAlane kI preraNA dii| ahiMsA aura zAkAhAra kA pracAra kiyaa| syAdvAda kI udAra vyAkhyA kara hameM sahiSNutA kA pATha par3hAyA aura mAnavatA kA pujArI banAne kA bharasaka prayAsa kiyaa| eka bAra bambaI meM samasta zrotAgaNa unakI vizvamaitrI ke prati natamastaka ho gaye jaba unake antaH karaNa se divyadhvani prasphuTita huI-'na maiM jaina hU~, na bauddha, na vaiSNava na zaiva, na hindU na musalamAna / maiM to vItarAga paramAtmA ko khojane ke mArga para calanevAlA eka mAnava yAtrI huuN|" jainoM ke cAroM saMpradAyoM kI ekatA ke lie ve itane utsuka the ki apanA AcArya pada chor3ane ko sarvaprathama tatpara the| unake antima udgAra unakI jIvana sAdhanA ke sajIva dyotaka haiM "merI AtmA yahI cAhatI hai ki sAmpradAyikatA dUra hokara jaina samAja kevala mahAvIra svAmI ke jhaNDe ke nIce ekatrita hokara zrI mahAvIra kI jaya bole tathA jainazAsana kI vRddhi ke lie eka jaina vizvavidyAlaya nAmaka saMsthA sthApita hove|" yugavIra AcArya zrI ke ye udgAra unake devalokagamana ke 20 varSa bAda sAkAra hue| bha0 mahAvIra kI 25vIM nirvANa zatAbdI ke pAvana prasaMga para jaina samAja ke cAroM sampradAyoM ne eka dhvajA ke nIce ekatrita hokara apane nikaTa upakArI bhagavAn vardhamAna mahAvIra ke jaya-jayakAra kA udghoSa kiyaa| usa samaya kI ekatA kA dRzya abhUtapUrva aura aitihAsika thaa| zAsanasevA ke lie unameM adamya utsAha thA / vRddhAvasthA unheM parAjita karane meM sadaiva asaphala rhii| 80 varSa kI avasthA meM saMgha unheM AcArya samrATa kI padavI se alaMkRta karanA cAhatA hai aura ve uttara dete haiM ki 'mujhe pada nahIM, kAma do| merI calane kI, bolane kI tathA dekhane kI zakti ghaTI hai| tuma merI vRddhAvasthA dekhakara mujhe ArAma karane kI salAha dete ho| hamAre jaise sAdhu ko ArAma se kyA matalaba? zarIra se samAja kA jitanA kalyANa ho sake, utanA jIvana ke anta taka karate rahanA, hama sAdhuoM kA dharma hai| merI bhAvanA yaha hai ki abhI bhI vihAra karUM / zikSaNa saMsthAeM khulvaauuN|' zikSA pracAra ke agradUta tathA sAhitya sevI-guruvallabha kI sabase mahattvapUrNa aura mahatI dena zikSA ke kSetra meM hai| apane gurudeva ke antima

Page #11
( gha ) Adeza ko kAryAnvita karane ke lie unhoMne deza ke vibhinna bhAgoM meM zikSAlayoM kA jAla bichavA diyA / unakA vizvAsa thA ki zikSA ke pracAra ke binA samAja aura deza kI pragati kI kalpanA nirAdhAra hai / ve kahate the - 'Dabbe meM banda jJAna dravyazruta hai, vaha AtmA meM Ae tabhI bhAvazruta banatA hai / jJAnamandira kI sthApanA se santuSTa na hovo, usakA pracAra ho, vaisA upAya karo / ' zrI mahAvIra jaina vidyAlaya, bambaI, zrI AtmAnanda jaina gurukula gujarAMvAlA ( aba pAkistAna ), zrIAtmAnanda jaina kaoNleja, ambAlA zahara, zrI umeda jaina kaoNleja, phAlanA, zrIpArzvanAtha jaina vidyAlaya, varakAnA evaM ludhiyAnA, mAlera koTalA, ambAlA zahara tathA jaNDiyAlA, guru ke hAI skUla, aneka kanyA vidyAlaya, chAtrAlaya, pustakAlaya, vAcanAlaya, gurukula Adi guruvallabha kI preraNA ke sumadhura phala haiM / unakI kRpA se bIsiyoM chAtroM ko ucca zikSA prApta karane ke lie sahAyatA aura chAtravRttiyAM miliiN| deza ke yazasvI netA mahAmanA paNDita madanamohana mAlavIya dvArA sthApita kAzI hindU vizvavidyAlaya ko bhI unhoMne dAna dilAyA / ajaina chAtroM kI bhI madada kI / zikSA pracAra ke sAtha-sAtha sAhitya prakAzana ke kAryaM ko bhI gati dI | hindI bhASA meM gadya-padya meM aneka racanAe~ kara jaina sAhitya kI samRddhi kI / janma se gujarAtI hote hue bhI unheM rASTrabhASA hindI se pragAr3ha sneha thA / unhoMne jo kucha lekhanIbaddha kiyA athavA vANI dvArA pragaTa kiyA, vaha saba hindI meM / unake guru zrImad vijayAnanda sUri hindI ko lokabhASA kahate the / unakA sAhitya bhI hindI meM hI hai / antima dinoM meM guruvallabha ne aneka suzikSita gRhasthoM se vicAra-vimarza kiyA ki videza meM jaina dharma ke pracArArtha kisa prakAra ke sAhitya kA nirmANa kiyA jAe / rASTra nirmANa - guruvallabha sUrIzvarajI ne rASTrapitA mahAtmA gAMdhI ke asahayoga Andolana kA samarthana kiyA / ye zuddha khAdI aura svadezI vastuoM kA upayoga tathA pracAra karate the / khilAphata Andolana meM bhI unhoMne Arthika sahAyatA dilvaaii| madyaniSedha aura zAkAhAra pracAra dvArA janatA ke naitika jIvana kA stara U~cA karane kA prayAsa kiyA / aneka rAjanaitika netA una ke darzana karake AzIrvAda prApta karate the /

Page #12
(Ga) unakI pIyUSavANI kA pAna kara paM0 motIlAla neharU ne dhUmrapAna kA tyAga kara diyA thA / sazikSA ke pracAra ko unhoMne rASTranirmANa kA pramukha aGga mAnA thaa| jaina samAja meM zikSA pracAra para bala denevAle santoM meM guruvallabha kA nAma sarvopari hai / samAja kA utkarSa - zrImad vijayAnanda sUri tathA zrImad vijaya vallabha sUri jaina itihAsa meM isa dRSTi se sambhavataH anupama sthAna rakhate haiM ki unhoMne AtmasAdhanA ke sAtha-sAtha zrAvaka, zrAvikA rUpI tIrtha kI pragati aura kalyANa kI ora bhI pUrA-pUrA dhyAna diyA / 'na dharmo dhArmike : vinA' kA Adarza zAstroM meM sImita thA / use mUrta rUpa pradAna karane ke bhAgIratha prayAsa kA zreya guruvallabha ko hai / ve mAnate the ki samAja aura saMgha ke utthAna ke lie koI bhI Avazyaka aura vivekapUrNa pravRtti utanI hI mUlyavatI hai jitanI ki sacce tyAga kI kriyA / phalataH unhoMne samAja sudhAra aura madhyamavarga ke utkarSa ke lie bhI AtmAnanda jaina mahAsabhA kI sthApanA karavAI, jaina kAMphensa bambaI kI pravRttiyoM ko preraNA dI, aneka udyogazAlAe~ khulavAI, sahadharmIvAtsalya kA vAstavika artha spaSTa karate hue batAyA ki isakA tAtparya kevala prItibhoja nahIM, sAdharmI bhAI ko svAzrayI banAnA hai / saMkSepa meM kahA jA sakatA hai ki guruvara zrIvijayavallabha sUrIzvara jahA~ Adarza tyAgI, saMyamI, madhura prabhAvazAlI vaktA, dharma aura darzana ke marmajJa vidvAn tathA jaina zAsana ke utrAyaka the, vahA~ jaina samAja ke utthAna ke lie eka masIhA aura rASTranirmANa kI pravRttiyoM ke mUka preraka bhI / unakI jIvana-jyoti hamAre lie prakAza stambha kA kAma detI rahegI / jaina samAja unakI punIta smRti meM bhArata kI rAjadhAnI dillI meM bhavya smAraka kA nirmANa kara apane punIta kartavya kA pAlana kara rahA hai / usakI pUrti jaina zAsana kI anUThI sevA hogI / pro0 pRthvIrAja jaina ema0 e0, zAstrI

Page #13

Page #14
prastuta grantha prakAzana meM artha sahayoga dAtA saMsthA kA paricaya zrI Atmavallabha jaina smAraka zikSaNa nidhi, dillI vartamAna yuga meM jaina samAja ke jina tyAgI, saMyamI, tapaHpUta, jina zAsana dIpaka AcAryoM ne samAja aura deza kI pragati ke lie apane jIvana ko niSThApUrvaka samarpita kiyA, unameM nyAyAmbhonidhi, prAtaH smaraNIya navayuga-pravartaka, jainAcArya zrI zrI 1008 sva0 zrImad vijayAnanda sUri (vi0 saM0 1894-1953 ) tathA ajJAnatimirataraNi, kalikAlakalpataru, bhAratadivAkara, paMjAbakesarI, yugavIra jainAcArya zrI zrI 1008 sva0 zrImad vijayavallabha sUrIzvara (vi0 saM0 1927-2011) ke nAma vizeSa ullekhanIya aura avismaraNIya haiN| jaba vi0 saM0 2011 ( I0 1954 ) meM bambaI meM zrI vijayavallabha sUrijo kA devalokagamana huA, taba hI ekatrita janasamUha ke antarhRdaya se eka vicAra ubhara rahA thaa| ekAkI guruvallabha ne apane ArAdhya gurudeva zrImad vijayAnanda sUri ke mizana kI pUrti ke lie apane jIvana kI Ahuti dI, dharmapracAra aura samAjasevA ke saikar3oM mahAna kArya kie| hama guruvallabha ke lAkhoM upakAroM ke RNa se mukta hone ke lie kyA kareM ? yaha nizcaya huA ki unakI puNyasmRti meM akhila bhAratIya stara para dillI meM bhavya smAraka kA nirmANa kiyA jaae| kucha samaya bAda zrI AtmAnanda jaina mahAsabhA paMjAba ne isa yojanA ko kAryAnvita karane kA nizcaya kiyaa| vandanIyA sAdhvI zrI zIlavatI jI tathA zrI mRgAvatI jI kA caturmAsa usa samaya ambAlA zahara meM thaa| unakI ojasvinI preraNA se zrI AtmAnanda jaina mahAsabhA ke pramukha kAryakartA bAburAma jI plIDara, lA0 khetarAma jI, zrI jJAnadAsa sIniyara saba jaja, lA0 sundaralAla jI tathA pro0 pRthvIrAja jI Adi isa kAma meM juTa ge| kintu katipaya kAraNoM meM dillI se bhUmi prApta karane meM saphalatA na milii| zrI jJAnadAsa jI tathA zrI bAbUrAma jI ke nidhana se kArya meM zithilatA A gii| samaya kA cakra calatA rahA lagabhaga 18 varSa bIta gae parantu isa dizA meM pragati nahIM ho skii|

Page #15
yadyapi samAja kI bhAvanA ko sAkAra hone meM vilaMba avazya ho rahA thA, kintu nirAzA nahIM thii| 1972 I0 meM bar3audA meM svargastha gurudeva ke paTTavibhUSaNa, jinazAsana ratna, zAnta mUrti AcAryazrI vijayasamudra sUrIzvara jI ne antardRSTi aura dUradarzitA se jaina bhAratI zrI mRgAvatI jI ko smAraka yojanA kA kAryabhAra sauNpaa| unhoMne gurubhaktivaza ise saharSa svIkRta kiyaa| unake hRdaya meM smAraka viSayaka AdyapreraNA punaH balavatI huI aura unhoMne nizcaya kiyA ki isa kArya ko pUrNa karane ke lie unheM hara prakAra kA balidAna karanA hogaa| aba kyA thA ? vighna bAdhAoM ke antarAya rUpa bAdala phaTane lage aura AzA kI svarNima kiraNe dRSTigocara hone lgiiN| sAdhvI jI ne grISmaRtu kI kaThinAiyoM kI upekSA kara dillI kI ora una vihAra prAraMbha kara diyaa| smAraka ke lie bhUkhaMDa kI prApti ke nimitta ziSyAoM sahita unhoMne abhigraha dhAraNa kara liyaa| lA0 ratanacaMdajI tathA zrI madanakizora ne bhI anukaraNa kiyaa| zrI Atmavallabha jaina smAraka zikSaNa nidhi TrasTa kI sthApanA haI aura 12.6. 1974 ko isakA paMjIkaraNa huaa| 15-6-74 ko dillI-pAnIpata rASTrIya mArga naM0 1 ke 20veM ki0 mI0 ke nizAna ke samIpa chaH ekar3a bhami kharIda lI gii| abhigraha pUrNa haa| 30-6-1974 ko bhagavAn mahAvIra ke 25veM nirvANa zatAbdI mahotsava ke mArgadarzana ke lie AcArya zrI jI bhI ziSyamaMDala sahita dillI padhAre / nirvANa zatAbdI mahotsava ke bAda AcArya zrI jI ne paMjAba kI ora vihAra kiyaa| 27-12-1974 ke dina unhoMne smAraka bhUmi kI yAtrA kI tathA parikramA karate hue cAradivArI kI nIMva ko vAsakSepa se pavitra kiyaa| AkAza jayajayakAra se gUMja utthaa| zikSaNanidhi TrasTa ke saMsthApaka zrI rAmalAla jI dillI ne sarvazrI sundaralAla jI tathA khairAtI lAlajI ko AjIvana TrasTI niyukta kiyaa| tInoM ne milakara 12 anya TrasTiyoM kA cayana kiyA / dhArA 80 (jI) ke antargata TrasTa ke lie Ayakara se chUTa prApta kI gii| isa samaya TrasTa borDa ke 35 sadasya haiN| borDa paMjIkRta vidhAna ke anusAra kArya kara rahA hai| 24 TrasTI tIna varSa ke lie nirvAcita hote haiN| prativarSa eka tihAI TrasTI avakAza prApta karate haiN| unakI sthAnapUrti anya TrasTI nirvAcana dvArA karate haiN|

Page #16
( ja ). tIna AjIvana TrasTI borDa ke sadasya haiN| zrI AtmAnanda jaina mahAsabhA eka TrasTI kI niyukti tIna varSa kI avadhi ke lie karatI hai| vartamAna meM zrI dharmapAla osavAla unakI ora se niyukta TrasTI haiN| zeSa TrasTIgaNa oNpTa kie jAte haiM / prAdezika pratinidhiyoM para AdhArita 101 sadasyoM kI parAmarza pariSad kA bhI vidhAna hai ! TrasTa borDa tathA prabaMdhaka samiti kI niyamAnusAra samaya-samaya para baiThaka hotI hai| Aya-vyaya kA hisAba prati varSa ADiTa hotA hai| borDa ke AdyasaMrakSaka the-jaina samAja ke sarvasammata netA, bhArata ke prasiddha udyogapati svargIya seTha kastUrabhAI laalbhaaii| unhoMne isa bAta meM vizeSa ruci lI ki smAraka kA nirmANa bhAratIya sthApatya kalA ke anusAra ho| Ajakala unake suputra seTha zreNika kastUrabhAI tathA bambaI jaina samAja ke pratiSThita netA zrI je. Ara0 zAha zikSaNa nidhi ke saMrakSaka haiN| vartamAna meM zrI ratanacaMda jI jaina (dehalI) pradhAna, zrI rAjakumAra jaina (ambAlA) evaM zrI baladevakumAra jaina upapradhAna, zrI rAjakumAra jaina (rUpanagara dehalI) mantrI tathA zrI manoharalAlajI (rUpanagara dehalI) koSAdhyakSa haiM / inake atirikta zrI satyapAla jaina jIrA, zrI indraprakAza jaina, zrI vinoda dajAla, zrI nirmalakumAra jaina, zrI sUrajaprakAza jaina, zrI zAMtIlAla jaina ( sabhI dehalo) sadasya haiN| isa prakAra TrasTa kA vidhAna lokataMtra kI AdhArazilA para taiyAra kiyA gayA hai| AcArya zrI jI smAraka bhUmi kI yAtrA ke pazcAt paMjAba kI ora cale ge| parantu unakA dhyAna smAraka ke kAma meM kendrita rahA / unhoMne jaina-bhAratI sAdhvI zrI mRgAvatI jI ko tathA dillI zrI saMgha ke kAryakartAoM ko 3-2-76 ke pRthak-pRthak patroM meM prabala preraNA dI ki smAraka kA kArya zIghra saMpanna kiyA jaae| svargavAsa ke Der3ha mAsa pUrva jagAdharI meM sAdhvI jI mahArAja ko AzIrvAda dete hue unhoMne kahA "magAvatI tumheM smAraka kA kArya siddha karanA hai| merA AzIrvAda tumhAre sAtha hai|" maI 1977 meM murAdAbAda meM AcArya zrI jI kA svargavAsa ho gyaa| tatpazcAt unake paTTAlaMkAra paramAra kSatriyoddhAraka zrImad vijaya indradinna sUrijI mahArAja kA maMgala AzIrvAda smAraka ke zubhakAyoM jaise bhUmikhanana, zilAnyAsa, kAMphreMsa adhivezana, jinamandira zilAnyAsa

Page #17
, ( jha ) yAdi ke prasaMgoM para pU0 sAdhvI jI ko tathA dillI zrI saMgha ko milatA rahA hai / pU0 gurutraya kI kRpA se aura vartamAna AcArya mahArAja ke AzIrvAda se Aja taka saphalatA milI hai aura bhaviSya meM bhI milegI / 27-7-79 ke zubhadina sAdhvI zrImRgAvatIjI mahArAja ke sAnnidhya meM TrasTa ke pradhAna lA0 ratanacandajI mAlika pharma ratanacaMda rikhabadAsa ne bhUmikhanana aura khAda muhUrtaM sampanna kiyA / saikar3oM gurubhakta upasthita the / aba to bhavana nirmANa ke Diz2Aina kI svIkRti bhI sambandhita adhikAriyoM se prApta ho gayI hai / 15000 varga phITa meM bhavana nirmANa hogA / 29-11-79 ko akhila jaina samAja kI 25 varSa se Aropita bhAvanA sAkAra huI | samArohapUrvaka samagra bhArata ke pratinidhi hajAroM gurubhaktoM kI upasthiti meM ena0 ke0 iNDiyA rabara kaM0 prA0 li0 dillI tathA me0 narapatarAya kharAyatI lAla pharma ke mAlika udAra hRdaya, dharmaniSTha, zrAvaka ratna lA0 kharAyatIlAlajI ne apane zubha karakamaloM se Atmaballabha saMskRti mandira kA zilAnyAsa kiyA / parama harSa aura sobhAgya kA viSaya yaha hai ki yaha zilAnyAsa samAroha aura akhila bhAratIya jaina zvetAmbara kAnphrensa kA 24vA~ adhivezana bhI vallabha smAraka kI bAdya preraka mahattarA sAdhvI zrI mRgAvatIjI mahArAja ke sAnnidhya meM yAnandapUrvaka sampanna huA / smAraka nirmANa kI ora isase agalA caraNa bar3hA 21-4-80 ko, caba smAraka ke prAMgaNa meM zrI vAsu pUjya svAmI ke nUtana jinAlaya kA zilAnyAsa mahattarA sAdhvI zrI mRgAvatIjI ke sAnnidhya meM zrIrAma milsa ke pradhAna tathA me0 bATalIbAya kampanI limiTeDa ke adhyakSa zrIpratApa bhogI lAla, unake kaniSTha bhrAtA maheza bhAI, pUjyA mAtA zrImatI campA bahana tathA parivAra ke anya sadasyoM ke zubha karakamaloM se sampanna huA / smAraka ke antargata sambhAvita gatividhiyA~ 1. bhAratIya evaM jaina darzana para zodha kArya 2. saMskRta evaM prAkRta vidyApITha 3. vijayavallabha prAcya jaina pustakAlaya 4. prAcIna bhAratIya darzana para tulanAtmaka vivecana 5. jaina evaM bhAratIya sthApatya kalA kA saMgrahAlaya : 6. yoga aura dhyAna kendra

Page #18
7. prAkRtika cikitsA zodha kArya 8. jaina sAhitya aura zodha sAhitya kA prakAzana 9. purAtana sAhitya kA punaHprakAzana 10. nArI zilpa kendra 11. calatA phiratA auSadhAlaya / bhavana kI rUparekhA , zrI Atmavallabha saMskRti mandira ke antargata bananevAle bhavana Adi kI rUparekhA sAmAnyataH isa prakAra hai kalAtmaka praveza dvAra se lagabhaga 300 phITa andara, 84 phITa U~cA purAtana jaina kalA ke anurUpa eka bhavya prAsAda nirmita hogaa| bhavana kI Plinth ( stambhapITha ) sar3aka se 13' phITa U~cI hogii| isake bIca meM 6 phITa dIrghA se ghirA haA 63 phITa vyAsa kA raMgamaMDapa bnegaa| sIr3hiyoM para zrRMgAra caukiyAM tathA Upara sAbharaNa ise suzobhita kreNge| pIche sthita zodha blAka meM prAkRtika cikitsA para zodha kArya, zivAvid, prabandhakoM tathA paryaTakoM ke nivAsa kA prAvidhAna hai| samUce bhavana ke nIce bhUtalaghara (besamenTa ) meM pustakAlaya, vidyApITha, saMgrahAlaya tathA prakAzana vibhAga hogaa| pravezadvAra se bhavana taka pahuMcane kA rAstA phUlavAriyoM tathA phavvAroM se yukta hogaa| pakke rAste ke madhya kvacit choTI-choTI sIr3hiyA~ hoMgo jisase darzanArthI sahaja meM 13 phuTa ko caukI taka pahuMca sakegA / sArvajanika sabhAoM ke lie pIche khulA prAMgaNa hogaa| paryaTakoM ke lie jalapAna gRha kI bhI vyavasthA hogii| nirmANAdhIna smAraka kA nAma 'Atmavallabha saMskRti mandira' rakhA gayA hai| smAraka bhavana ke nirmANa meM pA~ca-sAta varSa kA samaya apekSita hai| vyaya kA anumAna eka karor3a hai, sambhava hai paristhitivaza isase bhI adhika ho| Aja taka pU0 mahattarA sAdhvI zrI mRgAvatIjI mahArAja kI ojasvI preraNA se 55 lAkha kI dhanarAzi ke vacana mile haiN| prabandhakoM kI abhilASA hai aura prayAsa hai ki jahA~ smAraka bhavana bhAratIya ora jaina sthApatya kalA kA atIva sundara bhavya aura AkarSaka pratIka ho vahA~ sAhityika, anusaMdhAna, adhyayana, prakAzana Adi pravRttiyoM kA pramukha kendra ho| hama cAhate haiM ki deza videza ke jijJAsu yahA~ se lAbhAnvita hoM aura yaha parama pAvana smAraka svAdhyAya, yoga, dhyAna aura sAdhanA kA preraNA kendra bne| -rAjakumAra jaina, mantrI

Page #19

Page #20
prastuta grantha ke prakAzana ko preraNA srota mahattarA sAdhvI zrI mRgAvatI jI ma. sA. lagabhaga 52 varSa pUrva vikrama saMvat 1942 meM caitra mAsa ke zukla pakSa meM saptamI ke dina rAjakoTa ( saurASTra ) se 16 mIla dUra saradhAra nagara meM zrI DUMgarazI bhAI kI dharmaparAyaNA ardhAginI zrImatI zivakuvaMrabahina ne sarasvatIrUpA eka puNyazIlA bAlikA ko janma diyaa| do bhAiyoM ko ekamAtra bahina bhAnumatI ko pAkara samasta parivAra prasannacita thaa| kintu sukha aura duHkha kA cakra abAdha gati se calatA rahatA hai| abhI bAlikA ko do varSa kI Ayu bho pUrNa na huI tho ki pitA svargavAso ho gae / kucha ho varSoM bAda donoM priya bhrAtA apanI pUjya mAtA aura pyAro bahina ko asahAya chor3akara apane pitAzrI ke pAsa ho pahuMca ge| isase mAtA ke hRdaya ko bar3A AghAta lgaa| saMsAra kI anazvaratA kA bodha itanA tova bana gayA ki sAMsArika moha-mAyA ko tor3akara bhAgavato dIkSA lene kI preraNA balavatI ho gii| mAtA zivakuMvara sAdhvI zolavato banI aura putro nijaziSyA ke rUpa meM sAdhvI mRgAvato bana gii| pUjya sAdhvI zIlavato jo kA lakSya yaho rahA ki "mRgAvato" adhika se adhika AdhyAtmika jJAna prApta kara jagat ko jJAna-prakAza de ske| sAdhvI zrI mRgAvato jI ne bhI vidyA adhyayana meM apanA mana lagA diyaa| zrI choTelAla jo zAstro, paM0 becaradAsa jo dozI, paM0 sukhalAla jI, paM0 dalasukhabhAI mAlavaNiyA, Agama prabhAkara muni zrI puNyavijaya jI Adi vidvat varga ke sAnnidhya meM ApakA adhyayana huaa| 1953 meM kalakattA meM huI sarva-dharma-pariSad meM jaba Apane jaina dharma kA pratinidhitva kiyA to Apako bhASaNa kalA aura jJAna ko dhAka cAroM ora phaila gyo| lAkhoM ko saMkhyA meM jaina aura ajaina ApakA sArvajanika bhASaNa sunane ko lAlAyita rahane lge| _ paMjAba kesarI zrI guruvallabha ne Apako yogya jAnakara paMjAba padhArane kA Adeza bhejaa| guru-AjJA zirodhArya kara Apane turanta kalakattA se vihAra kara diyaa|

Page #21
( u ) mArga meM pAvApurI meM bhArata sevaka samAja kA zivira lagA thA / zrI gulajArIlAla nandA ne jaba sunA ki mahAsatI jI zIlavatI va mRgAvatI jI udhara A rahI haiM to unhoMne turanta Age jAkara zivira meM padhArane kI vinatI kii| Apa zrI jI kA sAragarbhita pravacana sunakara bahuta prabhAvita hue| usa pravacana meM lagabhaga 80,000 kI upasthiti thI / mArga meM Apane jhariyA meM devazI bhAI ko mandira aura upAzraya banavAne kI preraNA dI / 1200 mIla kA lambA rAstA taya karate hue Apane paMjAba meM prathama cAturmAsa ambAlA meM kiyA / ambAlA meM janajAgaraNa kara vallabhavihAra kI nIMva rkhii| ambAlA ke kaoNleja ke dIkSAnta samAroha meM zrI murArajI bhAI Apake pravacana ko sunakara bahuta hI prabhAvita hue / paMjAba meM phailI kurItiyoM ko dekhakara ApakA mana bar3A duHkhI huA aura samAja ke lie kucha Thosa kAryaM karane kI mana meM dhAraNA liye Apane ludhiyAnA nagara meM ina kurItiyoM ke viruddha yuddha kA bigula bajA diyA | samAjasudhAra ke sArvajanika bhASaNoM kI dhUma maca gayI, jaina-ajaina pUrI ruci aura zraddhA se ApakI zaraNa meM Ane lage / saikar3oM yuvakoM ne daheja na lene kI pratijJAe~ kIM, saikar3oM parivAroM ne kuTumbI ke maraNoparAnta syApA ityAdi kA tyAga kiyaa| jaina skUla ke nirmANa ke lie dAna kI mahimA para Apake ojasvI bhASaNa ko zravaNa kara upasthita logoM ne apane AbhUSaNa taka utArakara dAna kara diye / jana-jAgaraNa karate hue Apane sAre paMjAba kA bhramaNa kiyA aura ApakI hI yojanA se ludhiyAnA meM san 1960 meM jinazAsana- ratna AcArya zrI vijayasamudra sUrIzvara jI ke sAnnidhya meM akhila bhAratIya jaina zvetAmbara kAnphrensa kA saphala Ayojana huA / sthAnakavAsI sampradAya ke prakANDa vidvAn saralAtmA jainAgamaratnAkara AcArya samrATa zrI AtmArAmajI mahArAja Apake vidyAbhyAsa se vizeSa prabhAvita hue aura Apako mArga-darzana dete rahe / kucha varSa paMjAba meM vicarakara vidyAbhyAsa ke lie Apa phira ahamadAbAda meM Agama prabhAkara zrIpuNyavijayajI ma0 sA0 ke pAsa vidyAdhyayana karane calI gyiiN| vahA~ se saurASTra, bambaI, maisUra, baMgalora, madrAsa ityAdi kSetroM me vicarate hue digambaraM sampradAya ke tIrtha kSetra mUlabidrI meM jAne

Page #22
vAlI prathama zvetAmbara jaina sAdhvI Apa thiiN| bambaI meM vallabha zatAbdI ke saphalatApUrvaka sampanna hone meM ApakA sakriya yogadAna rahA, cAhe Apa usa samaya baMgalora meM thiiN| bar3odA meM gurudeva kI AjJA se Apane sAdhvI-sammelana kiyA aura sAdhvI varga ko samAja-kalyANa ke kAryoM meM Age Ane kI preraNA dii| vallabha-smAraka dehalI kA kAma kaI varSoM se rukA huA thA, ataH vahIM guruvarya zrI vijayasamudra sUrijI ne Adeza diyA ki isa kArya ko Apa hI sampanna kreN| guru-AjJA pAkara Apa sAhasa ke sAtha usa kArya meM juTa gayIM tathA samAja ko yogya mArga-darzana dekara vaha kArya sampanna krvaayaa| gurudeva zrI vijayasamudra sUrIzvara jaba paMjAba se murAdAbAda pratiSThA karavAne hetu jA rahe the, taba unhoMne Apako jagAdharI meM Adeza diyA thA ki paMjAba kI sAra-saMbhAla leM tathA ludhiyAnA, kAMgar3A aura laharA ke kAma pUre kareM, guru kA vizvAsa ApakA zaktisambala banA, Apake sad-prayAsoM ke phalasvarUpa sabhI adhUre rahe hue kArya sampanna hue| ____ApakI tIna ziSyAe~ zrI sujyeSThA zrI jI, zrI subratA zrI jI aura zrI suyazA zrI jI jahA~ Apake pratyeka kArya meM apanA pUrA sahayoga detI haiM, vahIM apane AtmasAdhanA ke patha ko bhI prazasta kara rahI haiN| -gulAbacanda jaina koSAdhyakSa pArzvanAtha vidyAzrama zodha saMsthAna

Page #23

Page #24
prAstAvika bhAratIya saMskRti kI avicchinna aura vizAla paramparA meM vibhinna mata. vAdoM yA AcAra-vicAroM kA adbhuta samanvaya hai| yadyapi ve vibhinna AcAravicAra apanI viziSTatAoM ke kAraNa apanA alaga-alaga astittva rakhate haiM, tathApi unameM ekasUtratA bhI paryApta hai| kitane hI aise tattva haiM, jo prakArAntara se eka dUsare ke paryAya athavA eka dUsare ke pUraka haiN| bhAratIya yoga-paramparA bhI isa dRSTi-bodha kA apavAda nahIM hai| yoga paramparA meM bhI bhArata kI pramukha tIna dhArAe~ antarbhukta haiM--vaidika, bauddha evaM jaina / kucha saMdarbho meM sAmya hote hue bhI tInoM kA apanA vaiziSTaya hai, jina para inakI apanI saMskRti kI chApa spaSTa hai| vaidika dhArA meM yoga viSayaka vivecana-vizleSaNa adhikatA se huA hai; bauddha dhArA meM bhI yoga kI vyAkhyA anekavidha huI hai, lekina jainadhArA meM yoga ke samyak evaM AlocanAtmaka upavRhaNa kI apekSA sarvadA rahI hai aura isI uddezya se prerita hokara prastuta zodha-prabaMdha kA upasthApana huA hai / vastutaH jaina yoga paramparA kI samyak vyAkhyA, usake bikhare hue avayavoM kA saMgaThana tathA vizAla yoga vAGamaya kA susambaddha adhyayana tathA tat prasUta tattvoM kA prastutIkaraNa apane Apa meM eka mahArtha prayAsa kI apekSA rakhatA hai| isa dRSTi se lekhaka kA yaha prayAsa zramasAdhya avazya hai, lekina samayasAdhya bhI hai / lekhaka ne prayAsa kiyA hai ki jaina yoga kA eka spaSTa svarUpa, usakI vyAkhyA, sambaddha avayavoM kA udghATana yathAzakya prastuta kiyA jAya tAki bhAratIya yoga ke adhyetAoM ko eka sulajhI dRSTi prApta ho sake, kyoMki binA jaina yoga kA adhyayana cintana kie sampUrNa bhAratIya yoga paramparA kA jJAna adhUrA hI rhegaa| isI silasile meM lekhaka ne yaha bhI dhyAna rakhA hai ki jaina yoga ke vibhinna saMdarbho meM bhAratIya anya yoga paramparAoM ke vicAroM kA bhI yathAzakya tulanAtmaka adhyayana prastuta ho| prastuta zodha-prabaMdha sAta adhyAoM meM vibhakta hai| 'bhAratIya paramparA meM yoga' nAmaka pahale adhyAya meM sarvaprathama yoga-paramparA kI pRSThabhUmi, yoga zabda evaM usakA artha, yoga kA srota evaM usake kramika-vikAsa para prakAza DAlane kA prayAsa hai| isameM veda, upaniSad, mahAbhArata, gItA, smRti, bhAgavatapurANa, yogavAsiSTha Adi graMthoM meM pratipAdita yoga-viSaya kI carcA kI gaI hai| sAtha

Page #25
hI haThayoga, nAthayoga, zaivayoga, pAtaMjala-yoga, advaita darzana Adi ke anusAra bhI yoga ke vibhinna aMgoM kA vivecana-vizleSaNa huA hai, kyoMki vaidika vAGgamaya ke sarvekSaNa ke binA yoga-paramparA kA na vikAsa hI dikhAyA jA sakatA hai aura na bhAratIya yoga paramparA kA samucita mUlyAMkana hI ho sakatA hai / isI adhyAya meM bauddha paramparA sammata yoga kA bhI digdarzana karAyA gayA hai kyoMki isake abhAva meM jaina yoga kA samucita vizleSaNa kara pAnA saMbhava nahIM / ataH isa adhyAya kA upayoga vastutaH isa zodha-prabaMdha meM pIThikA svarUpa hai|| dUsare adhyAya meM 'jaina yoga sAhitya' kA samucita paricaya diyA gayA hai, kyoMki jaina yoga-viSayaka graMthoM ke vivecana-vizleSaNa se hI jaina yoga kA samucita svarUpa sthira kiyA jA sakatA hai aura vikAsa-krama bhI sthira kiyA jA sakatA hai| jaina yoga viSayaka pramukha graMtha isa prakAra haiM--dhyAnazataka, mokSapAhuDa, samAdhitaMtra, tattvArthasUtra, iSTopadeza, yogabindu, paramAtmaprakAza, yogasAra, yogazataka, brahmasiddhAntasAra, yogavizaMti, yogadRSTisamuccaya, SoDazaka, AtmAnuzAsana, yogasAra-prAbhRta, jJAnasAra, dhyAnazAstra athavA tattvAnuzAsana, yogazAstra, jJAnArNava Adi / ___'yoga kA svarUpa' nAmaka tIsare adhyAya meM yoga kA mahattva evaM lAbha yoga ke lie mana kI samAdhi evaM prakAra, yogasaMgraha, guru kI AvazyakatA evaM mahattva, AtmA-karma kA saMbaMdha, yogAdhikArI ke bheda, AtmavikAsa meM jIva kI sthiti, cittazuddhi ke upAya, yoga ke vibhinna prakAra evaM anuSThAna, yogI ke prakAra, japa tathA usakA phala, kuNDalinI kA mahattva Adi viSayoM kA varNana kiyA gayA hai, tAki jaina yoga ke svarUpa kA vivecana spaSTatApUrvaka ho sake / vastutaH ukta viSayoM ke pratipAdana se hI jaina yoga kI sarvAMgINa vyAkhyA prastuta kI jA sakatI hai| cauthe adhyAya meM 'yoga ke sAdhana-AcAra' ke viSaya meM vicAra kiyA gayA hai / isa adhyAya ke do pariccheda haiM--prathama pariccheda ke aMtargata vaidika evaM bauddha paramparAntargata AcAra para saMkSipta TippaNI prastuta kI gaI hai aura pramukha rUpa se jaina AcAra ke antargata zrAvakacAra-viSayaka AcAra-niyamoM kA ullekha kiyA gayA hai| isa saMdarbha meM aNuvrata, rAtribhojanaviramaNavrata, guNavrata, zikSAvrata, pratimAe~ evaM satkarmoM kA nirUpaNa kramazaH huA hai| dUsare pariccheda meM zramaNa ke AcAra-niyamoM kA pratipAdana kiyA gayA hai| isameM paMcamahAvrata evaM unakI bhAvanAeM, guptiyA~ evaM samitiyAM, SaDAvazyaka, dharma, anuprekSAeM,

Page #26
( ga ) saMlekhanA, parISaha, tapa, usakA mahattva evaM usake bheda, vibhinna paraMparAoM meM tapa kA vivecana, Asana, prANAyAma, pratyAhAra evaM dhAraNA kA yathAzakya prarUpaNa huA hai / jaina yoga kI spaSTatA ke lie isa adhyAya kA bhI bar3A mahattva hai, kyoMki yoga aura AcAra kA saMbaMdha paramparAvalambI hai| ataH ukta AcAra-niyamoM ke paryAlocana se hI jainayoga ke poSaka tattvoM kA parijJAna ho sakatA hai| ___ 'yoga ke sAdhana rUpa-dhyAna' kI vyAkhyA karanA pAMcaveM adhyAya kA pratipAdya hai, jisake antargata sarvaprathama vaidika evaM bauddha yoga meM dhyAna kI sthiti, svarUpa evaM prakAra Adi kI carcA hai aura bAda meM jaina yoga ke anusAra dhyAna kI vistRta vyAkhyA kI gaI hai / vyAkhyA ke krama meM prayatna kiyA gayA hai ki jainayogAnusAra dhyAna ke vibhinna aMgoM pratyaMgoM kA samucita pratipAdana ho, kyoMki dhyAna yoga kA pramukha aMga hai aura binA isake samucita vivecana ke jainayoga saMbaMdhI jJAna kA samyakrUpa se pratipAdana nahIM kiyA jA sktaa| chaThe adhyAya kA viSaya AdhyAtmika-vikAsa hai, jisake antargata kramazaH vaidika evaM bauddha yoga ke anusAra kramika AdhyAtmika vikAsa kA varNana huA aura isake bAda jaina yogAnusAra AdhyAtmika vikAsa kI vistRta bhUmikAeM. prastuta kI gaI haiN| inhIM sandarbho meM kramazaH karma, AtmA tathA karma kA sambandha, lezyAeM, guNasthAnoM kA vargIkaraNa tathA yogavihita ATha dRSTiyoM kA samucita pratipAdana kiyA gayA hai| isI krama meM AdhyAtmika vikAsa ke anyAnya sopAnoM kI bhI carcA huI hai| vastutaH yaha adhyAya yoga-phalita adhyAtma vikAsa kI hI vivRtti karatA hai / isalie yaha adhyAya bhI yoga kA hI pUraka sandarbha hai| sAtaveM adhyAya kA viSaya 'yoga kA lakSya-labdhiyAM evaM mokSa' hai, jisameM vaidika, bauddha evaM jaina paramparAoM meM varNita vibhinna labdhiyoM kA tathA mokSa kA vicAra kiyA gayA hai aura yogAnusAra siddhajIvoM ke prakAroM tathA unakI sthiti kA varNana kiyA gayA hai| adhyAya kA sarvopari mahattva isalie hai ki isameM yoga ke lakSya-tattva nirvANa yA mokSa kA pratipAdana huA hai| ___ isa prakAra jaina yoga para sarvAGgINa vivecana prastuta karate hue zodha-prabaMdha ke anta meM 'upasaMhAra' likhA gayA hai, jisameM jaina yoga kI maulika viziSTatAoM kA nidarzana huA hai| yadyapi jaina yoga kucha aMzoM meM sAmAnya bhAratIya yoga paraMparA kA hI anukaraNa karatA hai tathApi kucha aMzoM meM apanA svatantra vaiziSTaya bhI rakhatA hai, jo isakI maulika dena hai / isa zodha prabandha ke sandarbha meM lekhaka sarvaprathama guruvara DaoN. mohanalAla mehatA ( adhyakSa; pArzvanAtha vidyAzrama zodha saMsthAna, vArANasI ) kA AbhArI

Page #27
(gha ) hai jinake samyak nirdezana, sneha tathA preraNA se yaha zodha prabandha yathAsamaya pUrA ho sakA / guruvara DaoN0 Ara0 esa0 mizra ( kAryakArI adhyakSa, bhAratIya darzana evaM dharma-vibhAga, kAzI hindU vizvavidyAlaya ) ke prati lekhaka namrIbhUta hai, jinase vaha samaya-samaya para zodhasambandhI vicAroM se upakRta hotA rahA hai / DaoN0 e0 ena0 upAdhye ( DIna, phaikalTI oNpha ArTas, zivAjI yunivarsiTI, kolhApura ) DaoN0 TI0 jI0 kalaghaTagI. (prinsipala, karnATaka kaoNleja, mAravAr3a) aura DaoN0 jI0 sI0 caudharI ( pro0 navanAlandA pAlI zodhasaMsthAna, bihAra ) vastutaH lekhaka ke preraNAsrota hI rahe haiM, isalie lekhaka unakA hRdaya se kRtajJa hai / lekhaka upAdhyAya zrI amaramunijI mahArAja aura muni zrI vidyAnandajI mahArAja Adi kA bhI atyanta RNI hai, kyoMki unhoMne sadA sneha tathA jJAna dvArA use protsAhita kiyA hai / inake atirikta lekhaka DaoN0 vA0 ke0 lele ( rIDara, marAThI vibhAga, kA0 hi0 vi0 vi0 ), DaoN0 ela0 ena0 zarmA, ( adhyApaka, darzana vibhAga, kA0 hi0 vi0 vi0), zrI ena0 eca0 hiremaTha svAmI, ( tantrayoga vibhAga, vA0 sa0 vizvavidyAlaya ) DaoN0 e0 esa0 DI0 zarmA, ( sIniyara phelo, bhAratIya darzana evaM dharma vibhAga, kA0 hi0 vi0 vi0), DaoN0 bI0 ena0 sinhA, zrI harihara siMha, zrI kapiladeva giri tathA kesarInandanajI ko bhI nahIM bhUla sakatA, jinakA sneha aura sadbhAva pAkara usane satat gatizIla bane rahane kA prayAsa kiyA hai| pArzvanAtha vidyAzrama zodha saMsthAna, vArANasI kA to lekhaka atyanta AbhArI hai hI, jahA~ se use do varSa taka zodhavRtti prApta huI hai tathA anya aneka suvidhAeM milI haiN| ela0 DI0 insTiTyUTa, ahamadAbAda tathA syAdvAda mahAvidyAlaya, vArANasI ke prati bhI lekhaka AbhArI hai jinakI pustakoM kA upayoga kiyA gayA hai| anta meM, lekhaka yaha spaSTa kara denA cAhatA hai ki usane ahiMdI bhASI hote hue bhI rASTrabhASA hindI ke prati anurAga ke kAraNa hI prastuta zodhaprabandha hindI meM likhane kA upakrama kiyA hai / isalie bhASAviSayaka truTiyoM kA honA svAbhAvika hI hai isake lie sudhI pAThakagaNa use snehapUrvaka kSamA kareMge aisI apekSA hai | adhyakSa darzana zAstravibhAga, karADa kalA evaM vANijya mahAvidyAlaya satArA ( mahArASTra ) arhaddAsa baMDobA dige

Page #28
anukramaNikA pRSTha saMkhyA prAstAvika ka-ca pahalA adhyAya : bhAratIya paramparA meM yoga 1-36 . . yoga zabda evaM usakA artha-2, yoga kA srota evaM vikAsa-4, vedakAlIna yoga paramparA-8, upaniSadoM meM yoga-10, mahAbhArata meM yoga-13, gItA meM yoga-15, smati graMthoM meM yoga-18, bhAgavata purANa meM yoga-19, yogavAsiSTha evaM yoga-22, haThayoga-23, nAthayoga-25, zaivAgama evaM yoga-27, pAtaMjala yogadarzana-29, advaitavedAnta evaM yoga-31, bauddha yoga-33 ) dUsarA adhyAya : jaina yoga-sAhitya 37-53 dhyAnazataka-38, mokSapAhuDa-38, samAdhitaMtra-39, tatvArthasUtra-39, iSTopadeza-39, samAdhizataka-40, paramAtma prakAza-40, yogasAra-14, haribhadra kRta yogagraMtha-41, yoga zataka-41, brahmasiddhAnta sAra-42, yogaviziMkA-42, yogadRSTisamuccaya-42, yoga bindu9-43, SoDazaka-44, AtmAnuzAsana-44, yogasAra prAbhRta-45, jJAnasAra-45, dhyAnazAstra athavA tattvAnuzAsana-45, pAhuDadohA-46, jJAnArNava athavA yogArNava athavA yogapradIpa-46, yogazAstra athavA adhyAtmopaniSad-47, adhyAtmarahasya athavA yogoddIpana-48, yogasAra-48, yogapradIpa-48, yazovijayakRta yogaparaka graMtha-49, adhyAtmasAra-49, adhyAtmopaniSad-49, yogAvatAra batIsI-49, pAtaMjala yogasUtra vRtti evaM yogavizikA kI TIkA-49, yogadRSTinI saMjhAyamAlA-50, dhyAnadIpikA-50, dhyAna vicAra-50, vairAgyazataka-50, adhyAtmakamala mArtaNDa-50, adhyAtmatattvAloka-51, sAmyazataka-51, yogapradIpa-51, adhyAtma kalpadruma-52, jaina yoga ( aMgrejI )-52, tathA jaina yoga ke kucha anya yoga grNth-53|

Page #29
tIsarA adhyAya : jana yoga kA svarUpa 54-74 pRSThabhUmi-54, yoga kA artha-56, yoga kA mahattva evaM lAbha-56, yoga ke lie mana kI samAdhi evaM prakAra-57, yogasaMgraha-59, guru kI AvazyakatA evaM mahattva-61, AtmA va karma kA saMbaMdha-62, yogAdhikArI ke bheda-62, acaramAvartI tathA caramAvartI-Atma-vikAsa meM jIva ko sthiti-64, citta zuddhi ke upAya-65, vairAgya-66, sAdhana kI apekSA se yoga ke pA~ca prakAra-67, sthAna, UrNa, artha, Alambana evaM anAlambana-68, yoga ke pA~ca anuSThAna, viSa, gara, ananuSThAna, taddhatu anuSThAna tathA amRtAnuSThAna, yoga ke anya tIna prakAra-69, icchAyoga, zAstrayoga tathA sAmarthyayoga, adhikAriyoM kI apekSA se yogI ke prakAra-71, kulayogI, gotrayogI, pravRtacakrayogI, avaMcakra ke prakAra-72, niSpanna yogI, japa evaM usakA phala-73, kuNDalinI-73 / cauthA adhyAya : yoga ke sAdhana : AcAra 75-154 prathama pariccheda : zrAvakAcAra-71, vaidika paramparA sammata AcAra-76, bauddha paramparA meM AcAra-78, jaina paramparA meM AcAra-79, samyagdarzana-80, samyaktva ke paccIsa doSa-81, samyagjJAna-82, samyak cAritra-83, cAritra ke pAMca bheda-84, cAritra ke do bheda-86, zrAvakAcAra-86, aNuvrata-88, sthUla prANAtipAta viramaNa evaM usake aticAra-89, sthUla mRSAvAda viramaNa evaM usake aticAra-90, - sthUla adattAdAna viramaNa evaM usake aticAra-92, svadArasaMtoSa evaM usake aticAra-93, icchA parimANa athavA parigraha parimANa vrata evaM usake aticAra-94, rAtri bhojana viramaNa evaM usake aticAra-96, guNavrata evaM usake bheda-97, digvata evaM usake aticAra-99, anarthadaNDavata evaM usake aticAra-99, bhogopabhoga parimANavrata evaM usake aticAra-100, zikSAvrata evaM usake bheda-101, sAmayika evaM usake aticAra-102, proSadhopavAsa evaM usake aticAra-103, dezAvakAzika evaM usake aticaar-103|

Page #30
atithi saMvibhAga evaM usake aticAra-103, pratimAe~ evaM usake bheda-104, zrAvaka ke SaTkarma-108; dvitIya pariccheda : zramaNAcAra-110, paMcamahAvrata-112, sarvaprANAtipAta viramaNa evaM usakI pA~ca bhAvanAe~-112, sarva mRSAvAda viramaNa evaM usakI pA~ca bhAvanAeM-113, sarva adattAdAna viramaNa evaM usakI pA~ca bhAvanAe~-113, sarva maithuna viramaNa evaM usakI pA~ca bhAvanAe~-114, sarva parigraha viramaNa evaM usakI pA~ca bhAvanAe~-114, guptiyA~ evaM samitiyA~-115, gupti ke bheda-116, samiti evaM usake bheda-117, SaDAvazyaka-119, dasa dharma-120, bAraha anuprekSAe~-123, saMlekhanA-129, parISaha-130, tapa kA mahattva-131, vaidika paramparA meM tapa-132, bauddha paramparA meM tapa-133, jaina paramparA meM tapa-134, tapa ke dobheda-135, bAhya tapa-136, evaM usake prakAra, Abhyantara tapa evaM usake prakAra-137, Asana-142, prANAyAma-145, pratyA hAra-151, dhAraNA-153 / / pAMcavA adhyAya : yoga ke sAdhAna : dhyAna 155-189 vaidika yoga meM dhyAna-155, bauddha yoga meM dhyAna-157, jainayoga meM dhyAna-159, dhyAna kI paribhASA evaM paryAya-159, dhyAna ke aMga-161, dhyAna kI sAmagrI-161, dhyAna ke prakAra-164, ArtadhyAna evaM isake cAra bheda-165, aniSTa saMyoga, iSTa viyoga, roga cintA, bhogAta raudra dhyAna evaM isake cAra bheda-167, hiMsAnaMda, mRSAnaMda, cauryAnanda, saMrakSaNAnandadharmadhyAna tathA usakA svarUpa-159, dharmadhyAna tathA usake cAra prakAra-171, AjJA vicaya, apAyavicaya, vipAkavicaya tathA saMsthAna, dhyeya ke cAra bheda-173, (1) piNDastha evaM isake pAMca bheda-173, pArthivI, AgneyI, mArutI, vAruNI aura tattvavartI (2) padastha dhyAna-171, (3) rUpastha dhyAna-180, (4) rUpAtIta dhyAna-181, zukla dhyAna evaM usake cAra bheda-182, (a) pRthakattva vitarka savicAra-184, (A) ekatvazruta avicAra-185, (i) sUkSmakriyA pratipAti-187, (I) utsanna kriyA pratipAti-188 /

Page #31
chaThA adhyAya : adhyAtma-vikAsa 190-217 vaidika yoga paramparA meM adhyAtma vikAsa-190; yogadarzana meM pA~ca bhUmikAe~-191, yogavAsiSTha meM ajJAna kI sAta evaM jJAna kI sAta bhUmikAe~-191, bauddha yoga meM adhyAtma vikAsa-194, jainayoga meM adhyAtma vikAsa-197, karma-198, AtmA tathA karma kA saMbaMdha, lezyAe~, gaNasthAnoM kA vargIkaraNa-201, ATha dRSTiyA~-204, mitrA dRSTi-205, tArA dRSTi-206, balA dRSTi-207, dIprA dRSTi-208, sthirA dRSTi-210, kAntA dRSTi-211, prabhA dRSTi-212, parA dRSTi-213, adhyAtma vikAsa kI anya pA~ca sIr3hiyA~-215, adhyAtma, bhAvanA-dhyAna-samatA evaM vRttisaMkSaya-216 / .sAtavAM adhyAya: yoga kA lakSya-labdhiyAM evaM mokSa 218-233 vaidika yoga meM labdhiyA~-219, bauddha yoga meM labdhiyA~-220, jaina yoga meM labdhiyA~-220, labdhiyoM ke prakAra-221, vaidika yoga meM kaivalya athavA mokSa-225, bauddha yoga meM , nirvANa-226, jaina yoga meM mokSa-228, siddha jIvoM ke prkaar-232| upasaMhAra 234-242 sahAyaka graMtha-sUcI 243-256

Page #32
bhAratIya paramparA meM yoga 'yoga' zabda bhAratIya saMskRti tathA darzana kI bahumUlya sampatti hai| yogavidyA hI eka aisI vidyA hai jo prAyaH sabhI dharmoM tathA darzanoM meM svIkRta hai| yaha aisI AdhyAtmika sAdhanA hai jise koI bhI binA kisI varNa, jAti, varga yA dharma-vizeSa kI apekSA ke apanA sakatA hai| prAcIna bhAratIya dharma, purANa, itihAsa Adi ke avalokana se jJAta hotA hai ki yoga-praNAlI kI paramparA avicchinna rUpa meM calatI AyI hai| vaidika tathA avaidika vAGmaya meM AdhyAtmika varNana bahulatA se pAyA jAtA hai| inakA antima sAdhya ucca avasthA kI prApti hai aura yoga usakA eka sAdhana hai| __ jaise cikitsA-zAstra meM caturvyaha ke rUpa meM roga, roga kA kAraNa, Arogya aura usakA kAraNa varNita hai, vaise hI yogazAstra meM bhI catuvyaMha kA ullekha hai-saMsAra, saMsAra kA kAraNa, mokSa aura mokSa kA sAdhana / ' cikitsA-zAstra ke samAna hI yoga bhI AdhyAtmika sAdhanA ke lie cAra bAteM svIkAra karatA hai : (1) AdhyAtmika duHkha, (2) usakA kAraNa ( ajJAna ), (3) ajJAna ko dUra karane ke lie samyagjJAna evaM (4) AdhyAtmika bandhana se mukti athavA pUrNatA kI siddhi / isa prakAra sabhI AdhyAtmika sAdhanAe~ ina cAroM siddhAntoM ko svIkAra karatI haiM, bhale hI vibhinna paramparAoM meM ye vibhinna nAmoM se vyavahRta hue hoN| . __ yogasAdhanA ko eka viziSTa kriyA mAnA gayA hai, jisake antargata aneka prakAra ke AcAra, dhyAna tathA tapa kA samAveza hai| parantu ina sabakA lakSya AtmA kA vikAsa hI hai aura isake lie manovikAroM ko jItanA Avazyaka hai| yaugika kriyAoM ke Adarza vibhinna granthoM meM alaga-alaga haiM, 1. yathA cikitsAzAstraM catu! ham-rogo rogaheturArogyaM bheSajyamiti / evamidamapi zAstraM catuvyUham / tadyathA saMsAraH saMsAraheturmokSo mokSopAya iti / tatra duHkhabahula: saMsAro heyH| -yogadarzana, vyAsabhASya, 2015

Page #33
jaina yoga kA AlocanAtmaka adhyayana jinakA varNana Age kiyA jAyegA / yahA~ saMkSepa meM unakA sAra batA denA abhISTa hai, jisase ki prastuta viSayavastu kA artha spaSTa ho ske| upaniSad meM jahA~ yoga ko brahma ke sAtha sAkSAtkAra karAnevAlI kriyA ke rUpa meM svIkAra kiyA gayA hai, vahA~ gItA meM karma karane kI kuzalatA kA hI nAma yoga hai| yogadarzanAnusAra jahA~ cittavRtti kA nirodha hI yoga mAnA gayA hai, vahA~ bauddhayoga meM use bodhisattva kI prApti karAnevAlA kahA gayA hai| jainayoga meM AtmA kI zuddhi karAnevAlI kriyAe~ hI yoga haiN| isa taraha yoga ko kisI-na-kisI prakAra AtmA ko uttarottara vikasita karanevAle sAdhana ke rUpa meM svIkAra kiyA gayA hai| 'yoga' zabda evaM usakA artha - 'yoga' zabda 'yuj' dhAtu se banA hai| saMskRta vyAkaraNa meM do yuj dhAtuoM kA ullekha hai, jinameM eka kA artha jor3anA yA saMyojita karanA hai' tathA dUsare kA samAdhi, manaHsthiratA hai / arthAt sAmAnya rIti se yoga kA artha sambandha karanA tathA mAnasika sthiratA karanA hai| isa prakAra lakSya tathA sAdhana ke rUpa meM donoM hI yoga haiN| isa zabda kA upayoga bhAratIya yogadarzana meM donoM artho meM haA hai| 'yoga' zabda kA sambandha 'yuga' zabda se bhI hai jisakA artha "jotanA' hotA hai, aura jo aneka sthaloM para isI artha meM vaidika sAhitya meM prayukta hai| 'yuga' zabda prAcIna Arya-zabdoM kA pratinidhitva karatA hai| yaha jarmana ke joka (Jock), aiMglo-saiksana Anglo-Saxon) ke geoka (Geoc), iuka (Iuc), ioka (Ioc), laiTina ke iugama (Iugum) tathA grIka jugona (Zugon) kI samakakSatA yA samAnArthakatA meM dekhA jA sakatA hai| gaNitazAstra meM do yA adhika saMkhyAoM ke jor3a ko yoga kahA jAtA hai / bhAratIya darzana kA antima uddezya mukti kI prApti hai aura usake lie yogadarzana, bauddhadarzana tathA jainadarzana meM kramazaH kaivalya, nirvANa tathA mokSa zabda kA prayoga huA hai, jo artha kI dRSTi se samAna hI haiN| 1. yujapI yoge|-hemcNdr, dhAtumAlA, gaNa 7 2. yujica smaadhau|-vhii, gaNa 4 3. darzana aura ciMtana, prathama khaNDa, pR0 230 4. Yoga Philosophy, p. 43

Page #34
bhAratIya paramparA meM yoga vibhinna darzanoM ke vibhinna mArga hone para bhI phalitArtha sabakA eka hI hai, kyoMki cittavRttiyoM kI ekAgratA ke binA na mokSamArga upalabdha hotA hai, na AtmalInatA sadhatI hai| ataH caJcala manaHpravRttiyoM ko rokanA athavA unakA niyantraNa karanA sabhI darzanoM kA uddezya rahA hai| pataMjali ne cittavRttiyoM ke nirodha ko hI yoga kahA hai| yahAM nirodha kA artha cittavRttiyoM ko naSTa karanA hai| lekina isa paribhASA para Apatti uThAte hue kahA gayA hai ki cittavRttiyoM ko durbala yA kSINa kiyA jA sakatA hai, parantu unakA pUrNa nirodha sambhava nahIM hai / vRttiyoM ke pravAha kA nAma hI citta hai, aura cittavRtti ke pUrNa nirodha kA matalaba hogA-citta ke astitva kA hI lopa tathA cittAzritabhUta samasta smatiyoM aura saMskAroM kA nAza / niruddhAvasthA meM karma to ho ho nahIM sakatA aura usa avasthA meM koI saMskAra bhI nahIM par3a sakatA, smRtiyA~ nahIM bana pAtoM, jo samAdhi se uThane ke bAda karma karane meM sahAyaka hotI haiN| yogadarzana ke bhASyakAra maharSi vyAsa ne 'yogaH samAdhi' 3 kahakara yoga ko samAdhi ke rUpa meM grahaNa kiyA hai, jisakA artha hai samAdhi dvArA saccidAnanda kA sAkSAtkAra / isa prakAra vaidika darzana ke anusAra pratyakSa yA prakArAntara se yoga ke lie do upAdAnoM kI apekSA batAyI gayI haimAnasika caJcala vRttiyoM kA niyantraNa tathA ekAgratA / mAnasika vRttiyoM ke niyantraNa ke binA na ekAgratA sambhava hai aura na ekAgratA ke binA saccidAnanda kA sAkSAtkAra athavA puruSa kA svarUpa meM sthita honaa| bauddha vicArakoM ne yoga kA artha samAdhi kiyA hai, tathA tattvajJAna ke lie yoga kA prayojana batAyA hai| bauddha-vicAraka Izvara aura nitya AtmA kI sattA ko svIkAra nahIM karate, tathApi duHkha se nivRtti aura nirvANa-lAbha unakA prayojana rahA hai| jainoM ke anusAra zarIra, vANI tathA mana ke karma kA nirodha saMvara hai aura yahI yoga hai| yahAM pataMjali kA 'yoga' zabda 'saMvara' zabda kA samAnArthaka hI hai / haribhadra ke matAnusAra yoga mokSa prApta karAnevAlA 1. yogshcittvRttinirodhH|-yogdrshn, 12 2. hindI vizvakoza, bhA0 9, pR0 496 3. yogadarzana, vyAsabhASya, pR0 2 4. bauddhadarzana, pR0 222 5. AsravanirodhaH sNvrH| tattvArthasUtra, 91

Page #35
jaina yoga kA AlocanAtmaka adhyayana arthAt mokSa ke sAtha jor3anevAlA hai / " hemacandra ne mokSa ke upAya rUpa yoga ko jJAna, zraddhAna aura cAritrAtmaka kahA hai / " yazovijaya bhI haribhadra kA hI anusaraNa karate haiM / isa prakAra jainadarzana meM yoga kA arthaM cittavRttinirodha tathA mokSaprApaka dharma-vyApAra hai| usase vahI kriyA yA vyApAra vivakSita hai jo mokSa ke lie anukUla ho / ataH yoga samasta svAbhAvika AtmazaktiyoM kI pUrNa vikAsaka kriyA arthAt AtmonmukhI ceSTA hai| isake dvArA bhAvanA, dhyAna, samatA kA vikAsa hokara karmagranthiyoM kA nAza hotA hai / vaidika, bauddha evaM jaina granthoM meM yoga, samAdhi aura dhyAna ( tapa ) bahudhA samAnArthaka haiM / yoga kA srota evaM vikAsa 'yoga' zabda sarvaprathama Rgveda meM milatA hai / yahA~ yoga zabda kA arthaM kevala 'jor3anA ' hai / I0 pU0 700-800 taka ke nirmita sAhitya meM isakA artha indriyoM ko pravRtta karanA tathA usake bAda ke sAhitya meM ( lagabhaga I0pU0 500 athavA 600 ) indriyoM para niyantraNa rakhanA bhI nirdezita hai / 4 brAhmaNadharma ke mUla meM 'brahman' zabda hai aura yajJa ko kendra meM rakhakara hI brAhmaNadharma kI paramparA kA vikAsa huA hai / phira bhI yajJa se sambandhita 1. mokkheNa joyaNAo jogo / - - yogavizikA, 1 2. mokSopAyo yogo jJAnazraddhAnacaraNAtmakaH / C -abhidhAna cintAmaNi, 3. mokSeNa yojanA deva yogoAtra nirucyate / lakSaNaM tena tanmukhya hetu vyApAra tAsya tu / - 4. saghA no yoga A bhuvat / - Rgveda 1 / 5 / 3 sa dhInAM yogaminvati / - vahI, 111817, * kadA yogo vAjino rAsabhasya / - vahI, 134/9 vAjayanniva nU rathAn yogAM agnerupa stuhi / - vahI, 2rA811 yogakSemaM va AdAyA'haM bhUyAsamuttama mA vo bhUrdhAnamakramIm / 5. Philosophical Essays, p. 179 -yogalakSaNa (dvAtriMzikA, 1 177 - vahI, 10 / 166/5

Page #36
bhAratIya paramparA meM yoga vaidika mantroM aura brAhmaNa-granthoM meM tapa kI zakti evaM mahimA ke sUcaka 'tapas' zabda kA nirdeza prApta hotA hai / ataH yaha bhI sambhava hai ki 'tapa' zabda yoga kA hI paryAyavAcI rahA ho| yoM upaniSadoM meM 'yoga' zabda AdhyAtmika artha meM milatA hai| isakA upayoga 'dhyAna' tathA 'samAdhi' ke artha meM bhI huA hai| upaniSadoM meM yoga evaM yoga-sAdhanA kA vistRta varNana hai, jisameM jagat, jIva aura paramAtmAsambandhI bikhare hue vicAroM meM yoga-viSayaka carcAe~ anusyUta haiN|' maitreyI evaM zvetAzvatara Adi upaniSadoM meM to spaSTa aura vikasita rUpa meM yoga kI bhUmikA prastuta huI hai| yahAM taka ki yoga, yogocita sthAna, pratyAhAra, dhAraNA, dhyAna, kuNDalinI, vividha mantra, japa Adi kA vistRta varNana prApta hotA hai| 1. tvaM tapaH paritapyAjayaH svaH |-Rgved, 10 / 16741 ___2. (ka) eta dvai paramaM tapo / advayAhitaH tapyate paramaM hya va lokaM jayati / -zatapathabrAhmaNa, 14 / 8 / 11 (kha) atharvaveda, 4 / 35 / 1-2 3. (ka) adhyAtmayogAdhigamena devaM matvA dhIrau harSazoko jahAti / -kaThopaniSada, 1 / 2 / 12 tAM yogamiti manyante sthirAmindriyadhAraNAm / apramattastadA bhavati yogo hi prbhvaapyyo||-vhii, 2 / 3 / 11 (kha) taittirIyopaniSad, 2 / 4 4. jinameM kevala yoga kA hI varNana huA hai, aise upaniSadoM kI saMkhyA (1) yogarAjopaniSad, (2) advayatArakopaniSad, (3) amRtanAdopaniSad, (4) amRtabindUpaniSad, (5) muktikopaniSad, (6) tejobindUpaniSad, (7) trizikhibrAhmaNopaniSad, (8) darzanopaniSad, (9) dhyAnabindUpaniSad, (10) nAdabindUpaniSad, (11) pAzupatabrAhmaNopaniSad, (12) maNDalabrAhmaNopaniSad, (13) mahAvAkyopaniSad, (14) yogakuNDalyopaniSad, (15) yogacUDAmaNyupaniSad, (16) yogatattvopaniSad, (17) yogazikhopaniSad, (18) vArAhopaniSad, (19) zANDilyopaniSad, (20) brahma. vidyopaniSad, (21) haMsopaniSad /

Page #37
jaina yoga kA AlocanAtmaka adhyayana mahAbhArata' evaM zrImadbhagavadgItA meM yoga ke vibhinna aMgoM kA vivecana evaM vizleSaNa upalabdha hai| yahA~ taka ki gItA ke aThAraha adhyAyoM meM aThAraha prakAra ke yogoM kA varNana hai, jinameM anekavidha sAdhanAe~ kahI gayI haiM / bhAgavata evaM skandapurANa meM kaI sthaloM para yoga kI carcA hai / bhAgavatapurANa meM to spaSTa rUpa se aSTAMgayoga kI vyAkhyA, mahimA tathA aneka labdhiyoM kA vivecana hai / yogavAsiSTha ke chaha prakaraNoM meM yoga ke vibhinna sandarbho kI vistRta vyAkhyA hai, jinameM yoga-nirUpaNa ke sAtha-sAtha AkhyAnakoM kI sRSTi huI hai / ina AkhyAnakoM ke mAdhyama se yogasambandhI vicAroM ko puSTi milI hai| nyAyadarzana meM bhI yoga ko yathocita sthAna milA hai| kaNAd ne vaizeSikadarzana meM 1. dekhiye, mahAbhArata ke zAntiparva, anuzAsanaparva evaM bhISmaparva / 2. gItokta aThAraha prakAra ke yoga isa prakAra haiM (1) samatvayoga, 2048, 6 / 29, 33; (2) jJAnayoga, 3 / 3; 13 / 24; 16 / 1; (3) karmayoga, 363, 5 / 2, 13 / 24; (4) daivayoga, 4 / 25, (5) AtmasaMyamayoga, 4 / 27; (6) yajJayoga, 4 / 28; (7) brahmayoga, 5 / 21, (8) saMnyAsayoga, 62, 9 / 28; (9) dhyAnayoga, 12152, (10) duHkhasaMyogaviyoga-yoga, 6 / 23; (11) abhyAsa-yoga, 88, 12 / 9; (12) aizvarIyoga, 9 / 5, 11 / 4,9; (13) nityAbhiyoga, 9 / 22; (14) zaraNAgati-yoga, 9 / 32-34, 18 / 64-66; (15) sAtatyayoga, 10 / 9, 12 / 1; (16) buddhiyoga, 10 / 10, 18657; (17) Atmayoga, 10 / 18, 11 / 47; (18) bhaktiyoga, 14 / 26 3. bhAgavatapurANa, 3 / 28; 11 / 15; 19-20 4. skandapurANa, bhAga 1, adhyAya 55 5. dekhiye, yogavAsiSTha ke vairAgya, mumukSu vyavahAra, utpatti, sthiti, upazama aura nirvANa prakaraNa / 6. samAdhi vizeSAbhyAsAt |-nyaaydrshn, 4 / 2 / 36 araNyaguhApulinAdiSu yogAbhyAsopadezaH / -vahI, 4 / 2 / 40 tadartha yamaniyamAmyAtma saMskAro yogAccAtmavidhyupAyaiH / -vahI, 4 / 2 / 46 7. abhiSecanopavAsa brahmacaryagurukulavAsa vAnaprasthayajJadAna mokSaNadiG nakSatra mantrakAla niymaashcaadRssttaay.|-vaishessikdrshn, 6 / 2 / 2

Page #38
bhAratIya paramparA meM yoga yama, niyamAdi yogoM kA samyak ullekha kiyA hai| pataMjali kA yogadarzana to yogarAja hI hai, jisameM samyakrUpa se yoga-sAdhanA kA sAMgopAMga vivecana huA hai / brahmasUtra' ke tIsare adhyAya kA nAma sAdhanapAda hai, jisameM Asana, dhyAna Adi yogAMgoM kI carcA hai / tantrayoga ke antargata haThayoga - siddhAnta kI sthApanA karate hue AdinAtha ne yoga kI kriyAoM dvArA zarIra ke aMga-pratyaMgoM para prabhutva prApta karane tathA mana kI sthiratA prApta karane kA rahasya batAyA hai / bauddha paramparA nivRtti- pradhAna hai, isalie isa paramparA meM bhI AcAra, nIti, khAna-pAna, zIla, prajJA, dhyAna Adi ke rUpa meM yogasAdhanA kA gaharA vivecana huA hai / bauddha yoga sAdhanA kA vizuddhimArga, samAdhirAja, dIghanikAya, zekoddezaTIkA Adi granthoM meM vistRta varNana hai / yaha prasiddha hai ki bhagavAn buddha ne buddhatva prApta hone ke pahale chaha varSoM taka dhyAna dvArA yogAbhyAsa kiyA thA / yoga kI vistRta aura avicchinna paramparA meM jainoM kA bhI apanA viziSTa sthAna rahA hai / bauddhoM kI bhA~ti nivRttiparaka vicAradhArA ke poSaka jaina sAhitya meM bhI yoga kI bahuta carcA huI hai aura usakA mahattva svIkAra kiyA gayA hai / sUtrakRtAMga, uttarAdhyayana Adi AgamoM meM ullikhita 'ajjhappajoga' 'samAdhijoga'' Adi padoM meM, jinakA artha dhyAna yA samAdhi hai, yoga kI hI dhvani sannihita hai / vAstava meM dekhA jAya to yoga ke kramabaddha vivecana kA sUtrapAta AcArya haribhadra ne kiyA 1. brahmasUtra, 4 / 1 / 7-11 2. haThayoga se saMbaMdhita haThayoga pradIpikA, zivasaMhitA, gheraNDasaMhitA, yogatArAvali, vinduyoga, yogabIja, gorakSazataka, yogakalpadruma, amanaskayoga Adi grantha draSTavya haiM / 3. ettha vi bhikkhU aNunnae viNIe nAmae dante davie vosaTTakAe saMvidhuNIya virUvirUve parisahovasagge uvaTThi ThiappA saMkhAe paradatamoI bhikkhutti bacce / -- sUtrakRtAMga, 1 16 3 4. iha jIviyaM aNiyametA pabbhaTThA samAhijoehi / te kAmabhogarasagiddhA uvavajjanti Asure kAe / - uttarAdhyayanasUtra, 8114

Page #39
jaina yoga kA AlocanAtmaka adhyayana hai| unhoMne yoga kI sAMgopAMga vyAkhyA yogazataka, yogavindu, yogadRSTisamuccaya, yogavizikA, Adi granthoM meM kI hai| isa sandarbha meM zubhacandra kA jJAnArNava, hemacandra kA yogazAstra tathA yazovijaya ke yogAvatArabattIsI, (jainamatAnusAra ) pAtaMjala yogasUtra, yogavizikA ko TIkA tathA yogadRSTinI sajjhAyamAlA, adhyAtmopaniSad Adi grantha vizeSa ullekhanIya haiM, jinameM yogaviSayaka vistRta vivecana huA hai| - isa prakAra yoga kI paramparA bhAratIya saMskRti meM avicchinna rUpa se pravAhita hai aura cirakAla se bhAratIya manISiyoM, santoM, vicArakoM tathA mahApuruSoM ne apane jIvana evaM vicAroM meM yoga ko yathocita sthAna diyA hai| vedakAlIna yoga-paramparA __ veda-mantra rahasyamaya vicAroM se bhare hue haiN| una mantroM para gaharAI se vicAra karane para patA calatA hai ki unameM yogaparaka sAmagrI bahata hai| Rgveda kA pratyeka zabda pratIkAtmaka hai| prAyaH agni, indra, soma, Adi kA varNana prApta hotA hai, parantu isa varNana ke pIche AdhyAtmika anubhava kA mUla hai jo usa sandarbha meM lakSita artha ko lagAne para hI samajha meM AtA hai| isa taraha dekhA jAya to vaidika kAla se hI yoga-paramparA prArambha ho jAtI hai jo yogamAyA nAma se vyavahRta hai| itanA hI nahIM, mohanajodar3o meM prApta eka mudrA para aMkiMta citra meM trizUla, mukuTavinyAsa, nagnatA, kAyotsargamudrA, nAsAgradRSTi, yogacaryA, baila kA cihna Adi haiM, jisase siddha hotA hai ki mUrti kisI yogI ke atirikta aura kisI kI nahIM hai / 2 mohanajodar3o kI sabhyatA kA kAla anumAnataH I0 pU0 3250-2750 hai, jo karIba-karIba vaidikakAla hI hai| isa AdhAra para bhI kahA jA sakatA hai ki yoga kA sthAna bhAratIya saMskRti meM prAcIna kAla se hI rahA hai| ___ isa prakAra vedoM meM yoga-praNAlI kA astitva kisI-na-kisI prakAra 1. atha saiSA yogamAyAmahimA paramparAsmAkaM vedemya Arabhya / -vaidikayogasUtra, pR0 22 2. Mohen-Jodaro and the Indus Civilization, Vol. I, p. 53 3. History of Ancient India, p. 25

Page #40
bhAratIya paramparA meM yoga avazya rahA hai| kahA gayA hai ki vidvAnoM kA bhI koI yajJa-karma binA yoga ke siddha nahIM hotaa|' isa kathana se yoga kI mahattA siddha hai| yogAbhyAsa tathA yoga dvArA prApta viveka-khyAti ke lie prArthanA kI gayI hai ki Izvara kI kRpA se hameM yogasiddhi hokara vivekakhyAti tathA RtambharA prajJA prApta ho aura vahI Izvara aNimA Adi siddhiyoM sahita hamArI tarapha aaveN| prArthanA ke hI krama meM kahA gayA hai ki hama (sAdhaka loga) hara yoga meM, hara musIbata meM parama aizvaryavAn indra kA AvAhana kreN| dIrghatamA RSi ke kathana se bhI yoga ko sArthakatA evaM mahanIyatA lakSita hotI hai| unakA yaha kathana hai ki "maiMne prANa kA sAkSAtkAra kiyA hai, jo sabhI indriyoM kA trAtA hai aura kabhI naSTa nahIM honevAlA hai, vaha bhinna-bhinna nAr3iyoM ke dvArA andara-bAhara AtA-jAtA hai, tathA yaha adhyAtmarUpa meM vAyu, AdhidaivarUpa meM sUrya hai|" inake atirikta abhayajyoti" tathA paramavyoman ' ko prApti ke sandarbha meM bhI prakArAntara se yoga kA hI varNana huA hai| prANavidyA ke antargata yoga kI sAdhanA kA ullekha bhI vedakAlIna yoga ke pracalana kI puSTi karatA hai| yoga zabda kaI bAra prayukta hokara 'jor3anA' yA 'milAnA' artha ko vyaMjita karatA hai, jo yoga kI upasthiti kA hI pramANa hai|' Rgveda meM likhA hai ki 'sarvaprathama hiraNyagarbha hI utpanna hue jo sampUrNa vizva ke ekamAtra 1. yasmAdRte na sidhyati yajJo vipazcitazcana / sa dhInAM yogaminvati / / -Rgveda, 187 2. sAmaveda, 301 / 21013; atharvaveda, 20169 / 1, Rgveda, 1 / 5 / 3 3, yome yoge tavastaraM vAje vAje havAmahe / sakhAya indramUtaye / -Rgveda, 113017 4. apazyaM gopAmanipadyamAnamA ca parA ca pathibhizcarantam / sa sadhrIcIH sa viSUcIrvasAna AvarIvati bhuvaneSvantaH // -vahI, 11164 / 31, 1011773 5. adite mitra varuNota mRLa yad vo vayaM cakamA kaccidAgaH / urvazyAmabhayaM jyotirindra mA nau dIrghA abhi nazantamisrAH // --vahI, 2 / 27 / 14 6. vahI, 1 / 143 / 2 7. aitareyopaniSad, 2 / 2 / 11 8 kadA yogo vAjino rAsabhasya / -Rgveda, 1134 / 9 -

Page #41
jaina yoga kA AlocanAtmaka adhyayana pati haiM, jinhoMne aMtarikSa, svarga aura pRthvI sabako dhAraNa kiyaa| una prajApati deva kA hama havyadvArA pUjana karate haiN|' isa kathana se jJAta hotA hai ki sRSTi-krama meM sarvaprathama hiraNyagarbha utpanna hue aura yaha prAcInatama puruSa yogazAstra ke prathama vaktA haiM, ataH yaha yogazAstra bhI prAcInatama hai| isa taraha vedoM meM yoga kA nirUpaNa bhale hI pAribhASika zabdoM meM krama se na huA ho, parantu usameM mantravAkyoM, prAkRtika vastuoM tathA anya pratIkoM ke AdhAra para yoga kA jo varNana huA hai, vaha spaSTa hI yogAbhyAsa kA darzaka hai| upaniSadoM meM yoga aupaniSadika kAla yogasAdhanA kI acchI bhUmi rahI hai, kyoMki vedoM meM aMkurita yoga ke bIja kA vikAsa evaM pallavana isa kAla meM paryApta haA hai| veda-kAla meM adhyAtmavAda unmakha haA, usakA sarvAMgINa saMvardhana upaniSad-kAla meM hI huA hai| ikkIsa upaniSadoM meM yoga kI paryApta carcA upalabdha hai| zvetAzvatara meM yoga kA spaSTa evaM vistRta vivecana hai| isake dUsare adhyAya meM, viziSTatA ke sAtha, yoga kI sAdhanA, usakA pariNAma Adi ke bAre meM spaSTatayA varNana hai, jo yogadarzana ke rUpa meM eka nayA hI sandarbha prastutaH karatA hai| isameM SaDaMgayoga kA varNana karate hue nirdezita kiyA gayA hai ki zarIra ko tirunnata arthAt chAtI, gardana aura sira ko unnata karake hRdaya meM, mana meM, indriyoM ko rokakara brahmarUpa naukA se vidvAn loga isa bhayAnaka pravAha ko pAra kareM, tathA prANoM ko rokakara mukta hoM aura unake kSINa hone para nAsikA se zvAsa leN| isa prakAra ina duSTa ghor3oM kI manarUpI lagAma ko 1. hiraNyagarbhaH samavartatAgne bhUtasya jAtaH patireka AsIt / sa dAdhAra pRthivIM cAmutemAM kasmai devAya haviSA vidhema // -Rgveda, 10 / 1211 2. The Constructive Survey of the Upanishadic Philosophy,, p. 338

Page #42
bhAratIya paramparA meM yoga vidvAn loga apramatta hokara dhAraNa kreN|' isa prakAra kI sAdhanA karane ke bAda hI dhyAnarUpa manthana se atyanta gUr3ha AtmA kA darzana karane kA upadeza diyA hai| isa yoga ke saMdarbha meM paMcakozoM ke sAtha jAgrata, svapna aura suSupti avasthAoM kA bhI vizada vivecana kiyA gayA hai| inameM annamayakoza sthUla zarIra kI avasthA hai tathA jAgrata avasthA ke anurUpa hai| prANamaya, manomaya aura vijJAnamaya koza sUkSmazarIra tathA svapnAvasthA ko nirdezita karate haiM / Anandamayakoza kAraNa-zarIra hai aura suSupti avasthA kA saMketa karate haiM / suSupti avasthA meM jIva-brahma kA asthAyI saMyoga hotA hai aura jAgrata avasthA Ate hI punaH jIva apanI vAsanAoM ke anusAra kAryoM ne laga jAtA hai / yahA~ brahma ko hI AtmA kI sattA mAnA gayA hai, jo cetana sattA hai| upaniSadoM meM prayukta 'yoga' zabda AdhyAtmika artha ko saMvalita karatA hai, kyoMki yoga, dhyAna, tapa Adi zabda samAdhi ke artha meM hI prayukta hue haiN| AdhyAtmika artha meM prayukta karane ke kAraNa yoga ko mokSa-prApti kA hetU mAnA gayA hai, kyoMki batAyA gayA hai ki yoga se brahmajJAna kI prApti hotI hai tathA brahmajJAnI paramAtmA ko jAnatA hai 1. trirunnataM sthApya samaM zarIraM / hRdIndriyANi manasA saMnirudhya / brahmoDupena pratareta vidvAn, srotAMsi sarvANi bhayAvahAni // prANAn prapIDyeha saMyuktaceSTaH kSINe prANe nAsikayocchvAsIt / duSTAzvayuktamiva vAhamenaM vidvAn mano dhArayetApramattaH // -zvetAzvatara upaniSad, 2 / 8-9 2. dhyAnanirmathanAbhyAsAd devaM pazyennigUDhavat / -vahI, 1 / 14 3. taittirIyopaniSad, 251-6 4. taittirIyopaniSad, 214; chAndogyopaniSad, 7 / 6 / 1, zvetAzvatara upaniSad, 2 / 11 / 6 . 5. taM durdazaM gUDha manupraviSTa, guhAhitaM gahvareSThaM purANam / adhyAtmayogAdhigamena devaM, matvA dhIro harSazoko jahAti / / -kaThopaniSad, 1 / 2 / 12 6. (ka) etadviduramRtAste bhavanti / - vahI, 206 (kha) brahmavidApnoti param / -taittirIyopaniSad 2 / 1 / 1

Page #43
jaina yoga kA AlocanAtmaka adhyayana aura jo paramAtmA ko jAnatA hai vaha isa saMsAra se mukta ho jAtA hai| 'SaDaMgayoga ke pratyAhAra, dhyAna, prANAyAma, dhAraNA, tarka aura samAdhi ke varNana meM kahA gayA hai ki viSayAsakta mana bandhana meM phaMsAtA hai tathA nirviSaya mana mukti dilAtA hai| isalie viSayAsakti se mukta aura hRdaya meM niruddha mana jaba apane hI abhAva ko prApta hotA hai taba vaha paramapada pAtA hai| isa paramagati ko prApti ke lie AcAra-vicAra apekSita hai; jaise zraddhA, tapa, brahmacarya, satya, dAna, dayA Adi; aura inakI mahatI AvazyakatA kA ullekha vibhinna upaniSadoM meM huA hai| lekina AcAranIti kA pAlana karane mAtra se hI mokSa-prApti asambhava hai; usake lie jJAna tathA yoga kA samanvaya apanA pramukha sthAna rakhatA hai| mokSa-prApti ke lie tapa evaM samAdhi kI anivAryatA batAyI gayI hai, jo yoga ke hI aMga haiM / yoga athavA samAdhi avasthA meM vANI evaM mana nivRtta ho jAte haiM, sAdhaka nirbhIka banatA hai aura brahmAnanda kA AsvAdana karatA hai|" brahmAnanda kI prApti ke bAda vaha janma-maraNa ke bandhana se sarvathA mukta ho jAtA hai| 1. tameva viditvAti mRtyumeti nAnyaH panthA vidyate'yanAya / -zvetAzvatara upaniSad, 338 2. pratyAhArastathA dhyAnaM prANAyAmo'tha dhaarnnaa| tarkazcaiva samAdhizca SaDaMgo yoga ucyate ||-amRtnaadopnissd, 6 3. nirastaviSayAsaMgA sanniruddhaM manohRdi / yadA yAtyunmanI'bhAva tadA tatparam padam ||-brhmbinduupnissd, 4 athottareNa tapasA brahmacaryeNa zraddhayA vidyyaatmaanmnvissyaaditymbhijynte| -praznopaniSad, 1 / 10 satyameva jayate nAnutam / -muNDakopaniSad, 3316 tadetat trayaM zikSemaM dAnaM dayAmiti |-bRhdaarnnykopnissd, 5 / 2 / 3, yajJena dAnena tapasA lokAJjayanti te dhUmamabhisaMbhavanti |-vhii, 6 / 2 / 16 5. yato bAco nivartante aprApya manasA saha / AnandaM brahmaNo vidvAn na vibheti kutazcaneti ||-taittiriiyopnissd, 319 6. teSu brahmalokeSu parAH .. parAvataH .. vasanti teSAM ""na punarAvRttiH / -bRhadAraNyakopaniSad, 6 / 2 / 15

Page #44
133 bhAratIya paramparA meM yoga __ yoga ke do prakAroM kA varNana karate hue kahA gayA hai ki vihita karmo meM, isa buddhi kA honA ki yaha kartavya karma hai, mana kA aisA nitya bandhana hI karmayoga hai tathA citta kA satata zreyArtha meM rahanA jJAnayoga hai| isa taraha yoga ke do bheda kiye haiN| yoga ke cAra bheda bhI ullikhita haiM-maMtrayoga, layayoga, rAjayoga aura haThayoga / / ina cAroM ko mahAyoga kahA hai, jinameM Asana, prANAyAma, dhyAna tathA samAdhi kA vidhAna hai| isa prakAra upaniSadoM meM yogaviSayaka bikharI huI sAmagrI ke prakAza meM yaha to kahA hI jA sakatA hai ki aupaniSadika yoga AdhyAtmika artha meM prayukta huA hai tathA AtmA ko pahacAnane ke lie yaha eka sAdhanabhUta artha meM prasiddha rahA hai| mahAbhArata meM yoga mahAbhArata bhAratIya saMskRti kA anamola grantha-ratna hai, jisameM AcAra-mImAMsA, nIti, karma Adi ke sambandha meM aneka prakAra ke dainika kartavyoM kA nirdeza hai| isI krama meM kaI sthaloM para yoga kA nirUpaNa kiyA gayA hai| batAyA gayA hai ki sarvaprathama indriyoM ko jItanA cAhie, kyoMki ve hI caMcala, asthira tathA aneka prakAra ke kaSAyoM kI jar3a haiN| isameM anya dharmoM kI taraha sAdhaka yogI ko ahiMsA 1. karma kartavyamityeva vihiteSveva karmasu / vandhanaM manaso nityam karmayogaH sa ucyate / yata cittasya satatamarthaM zreyasi bandhanam / jJAnayogaH sa vijJeyaH sarvasiddhikaraH zivaH / yasyoktalakSaNe yoge dvividhe'pyavyayaM manaH / -trizikhibrAhmaNopaniSad, 25-27 2. yogo hi bahudhA brahmanbhidyate vyvhaartH| __ maMtrayogo layazcaiva haTho'sau rAjayogataH ||-yogtttvopnissd, 19 3. AtmA vA are draSTavyaH zrotavyo mantavyo nididhyAsitavyo maitreyyaatmno| vA are darzanena zravaNena matyA vijJAnenedaM sarva viditam / ___ -bRhadAraNyakopaniSad, 2 / 4 / 5 4. mahAbhArata, anuzAsanaparva, 96 / 28-30

Page #45
14 jaina yoga kA AlocanAtmaka adhyayana kA pAlana karane ko kahA gayA hai| kyoMki usake bagaira samatA evaM zAnti nahIM A sktii| isI sandarbha meM batAyA gayA hai ki muni kSamAbhAva, iMdriyanigraha Adi kA samyak pAlana kareM, jo tapa ke paryAya haiN| isa grantha meM yoga kI kriyAoM tathA abhyAsa ke kathana bhI pada-pada para vibhinna zailiyoM meM prApta hote haiM / isa grantha ke anuzAsana, zAnti evaM bhISma parvo meM yoga kI vistRta carcA hai| yahA~ bhI pAtaMjala-yoga kI taraha yoga ke do prakAra varNita haiM-sabIja tathA nirbIja / yoga kI carcA karate hue mana ko sudRr3ha banAne, apanI indriyoM kI ora se use sameTane aura manaHpUrvaka yogAbhyAsa karane kA Adeza diyA gayA hai tathA kabhI sthira nahIM rahanevAlI ati caMcala indriyoM ko vaza meM karane kA upadeza hai| lekina aisA kara pAnA bahuta kaThina hai| yahI kAraNa hai ki yogI ko sambodhita karate hae kahA gayA hai ki vaha mana ko dhIre-dhIre abhyAsa dvArA viSayoM se vimukha karake citta ko dhyAna meM lagAve 6 tathA saMyama aura yogAbhyAsa karate-karate usakI cittavRttiyA~ zAnta hoMgI tathA vaha apane meM santuSTa hone lagegA / aisA karane se jaba usakA mana ekAgna ho jAya to use cAhie ki vaha rAgAdi viSayoM ko chor3akara dhyAna-yogAbhyAsa meM sahAyaka deza, karma, artha, upAya, apAya, AhAra, saMhAra, mana, darzana, anurAga, nizcaya aura cakSuSa ina bAraha yogoM kA Azraya le| isa taraha vaha sabhI doSoM ko dhyAna se naSTa kara para1. ahiMsA paramo dharmastathA hiMsA paro damaH / ___ ahiMsA parama dAnamahiMsA paramaM tapaH // -mahAbhArata, anuzAsanaparva, 116 / 28 2. vratopavAsayogazca kSamAyendriyanigrahaH / divArAnaM yathAyogaM zauca dharmasya cintanam ||--vhii, 142 / 6 3. sa ca yogo dvidhA bhinnI brhmdevrssismmtH|| samAnamubhayatrApi vRttaM zAstrapracoditam ||-vhii, 145 / 1190 4. vahI, 145 / 12.0 5. zAntiparva, 195 / 11 6. evamendriya grAmaM zanaiH samparibhAvayet / saMhareta kramazcaiva sa samyak prazabhiSyati |-vhii, 195 / 19 7. chinna doSo muniryogAna yuktoyujIta dvAdaza / dezakarmAnurAgArthanupAyApAya nizcayo / cakSurAhArasaMhAraimanasA darzanena ca |-vhii, 226 / 54

Page #46
bhAratIya paramparA meM yoga 15 mAtmA ke svarUpa meM sthita hone ke yogya banatA hai, jahA~ se vaha vApasa nahIM lauTatA / " isa prakAra brahmopalabdhi ke lie yogamArga kA nirdeza hai jisameM yoga kA artha 'jIva aura brahma kA saMyoga' karate hue kahA hai ki jIva aura brahma meM abheda kA jJAna prApta karane se hI mokSa kI prApti hotI hai / sAtha hI mokSa prApti ke lie karmayoga, bhaktiyoga tathA jJAnayoga tInoM kI upayuktatA siddha kI gayI hai / gItA meM yoga yoga kI vyavasthita evaM sAMgopAMga bhUmikA prastuta karane meM zrImadbhagavadgItA kA viziSTa sthAna hai / gItA kA pratyeka adhyAya 'OM tatsaditi zrImadbhagavadgItAsUpaniSatsu brahmavidyAyAM yogazAstre zrIkRSNArjunasaMvAde ...........yogo nAma "adhyAyaH ' ina zabdoM se samApta hotA hai, jo yoga kI anivAryatA kA hI dyotaka hai| gItA meM vibhinna yoga - paddhatiyoM kA samanvaya dikhAI par3atA hai, jinakA udda ezya pramukhataH eka hI hai / isameM karmayoga, jJAnayoga, bhaktiyoga, samatvayoga, dhyAnayoga Adi ke ullekha haiM / inake mukhya tIna uddezya haiM -- ( 1 ) jIvAtmA kA sAkSAtkAra, ( 2 ) vizvAtmA kA sAkSAtkAra, tathA ( 3 ) Izvara - sAkSAtkAra 1 yoga-viSayaka aneka vicAroM kA saMgraha yA samanvaya hone ke kAraNa hI jijJAsu pAThaka tathA vidvAn apanI-apanI dRSTi aura ruci ke anusAra gItA kI vyAkhyA karate haiM / vibhinna yogoM kI carcA ke sAtha-sAtha gItA meM yoga ke kucha sAmAnya lakSaNoM kA bhI nirdeza hai, jinheM yoga ke taTastha yA vyAvahArika lakSaNa kahA jA sakatA hai / vyAvahArika yoga ke lakSaNa vibhinna adhyAyoM meM vibhinna prakAra ke haiM; jaise, karmaphala kI icchA kA na honA, 3 viSayoM 1. nAvartante punaH pArthamuktA saMsAradoSataH janmadoSa parikSINAH svabhAveparyaMvasthitAH / - vahI, 1953 2. kalyANa, sAdhanAMka, varSa 15, aM0 1, pR0 575 3. karmaNyevAdhikAraste mA phaleSu kadAcana / mA karmaphalaheturbhUrmA te saMgo'stvakarmaNi // - gItA, 2 / 47 tathA 4 / 20; 5 / 12

Page #47
jaina yoga kA AlocanAtmaka adhyayana ke prati anAsakti, samatvayoga,' niSkAmatA,3 sukha-duHkha evaM lAbha meM samatA' aadi| ukta sabhI abhAvAtmaka lakSaNoM ke atirikta bhAvAtmaka vidhAna bhI haiM; jaise, sabhI kArya bhagavAn ko arpaNa karanA, saba avasthAoM meM saMtuSTi mana ko bhagavAn meM ekAgra rakhanA aadi| ___ gItA ke anusAra vizeSa prakAra kI karma karane kI kuzalatA, yukti athavA caturAI yoga hai|' karmoM ke prati asaMgatA kI prApti ke lie ahaMkAra kA nAza Avazyaka haiM, kyoMki usakI upasthiti se manuSya meM asaMga-bhAva, samatA, kSamA, dayA Adi yoga ke lakSaNoM kA abhAva hotA hai| krodha, kAma Adi durvRttiyAM ahaMkAra se hI utpanna hotI haiM aura inake viSaya pA~ca karmendriyAM, pA~ca jJAnendriyA~, pA~ca viSaya, pA~ca bhUta, mana aura buddhi haiN| ina viSayoM kI zuddhi ke lie indriya-saMyama atyAvazyaka hai, jisase yoga ko labdhi hotI hai| isa prakAra yoga duHkha se vimukta aisI avasthA kA nAma hai, jisameM Upara se chAye hue sthAna meM rakhe dIpaka kI lau kI bhA~ti mana prakampita nahIM hotA / jaba AtmA ke dvArA AtmA kA sAkSAtkAra hotA hai, usa samaya manuSya ko pUrNa santoSa milatA hai aura parama Ananda kI anubhUti meM vaha lIna ho jAtA hai| usa avasthA meM pahu~cane para vaha vicalita nahIM hotaa| yahI yoga mukti kI pahacAna 1. yogasthaH kuru karmANi saMgaM tyaktvA dhanaMjayaH / siddhyasiddhayoH samobhUtvA samatvaM yoga ucyate / -vahI, 2 / 48 tathA 3319 2. yasya sarve samArambhAH kaamsNklpvrjitaaH|-vhii, 4 / 19 3. sukhaduHkhe same kRtvA lAbhAlAmI jyaajyo| tato yuddhAya yujyasva naivaM pApamavApsyasi // -vahI, 2038 4. ye tu sarvANi karmANi mayi saMnyasya matparAH / ananyenaiva yogena mAM dhyAyanta upAsate // -vahI, 1216 5. maccittA madgataprANA bodhayantaH parasparam / / kathayantazca mAM nityaM tuSyanti ca ramanti ca / / -vahI, 109 6. yogaH karmasu kauzalam / -vahI, 2150 7. yatroparamate cittaM niruddha yogsevyaa| yatra caivAtmanAtmAnaM pazyannAtmani tuSyati / -vahI, 6 / 20

Page #48
bhAratIya paramparA meM yoga 17 hai / kyoMki mukti kI avasthA meM sAdhaka kA mana zuddha hotA hai aura usakA antaHkaraNa sthira rahatA hai / usakA koI bhI karma phala, bhoga, athavA lAbha kI AzA se nahIM hotA / vaha siddhi-asiddhi donoM meM samabuddhi rahatA hai / yaha samatvabhAva hI yoga hai / " gItA ke chaThe adhyAya ke 10 se 26 taka ke zlokoM meM mana kI ekAgratA ke sAdhanarUpa rAjayoga kA nirUpaNa hai, jisameM samatvayoga meM ArUr3ha sAdhaka ko ekAnta meM rahakara citta aura indriyoM ko vaza meM karane tathA ekAgratApUrvaka dhyAna karane kA Adeza hai / vahA~ yaha bhI nirdezita hai ki vaha suvidhAjanaka Asana ke anusAra AsIna hokara kAyA, sira, gardana ko samarekhA meM rakhate hue acala rahe / vaha apanI dRSTi nAsAgra rakhakara nirbhaya hote hue apanI antaHkaraNa kI vRttiyoM ko zAnta rakhe tathA saMyamita hokara brahmacarya kA pAlana kare aura mana ko saMyamita karake apane Apako mukta karatA huA dhyAnayoga meM lIna ho jAya / aise parama nirvANa zAnta svarUpa ko prApta yogI hI yogI hai / ataH yogAbhyAsa karane ke lie zArIrika samasta ceSTAoM ko zAnta karanA Avazyaka mAnA gayA hai, kyoMki zArIrika kriyAoM meM samatA rahane para hI mana meM ekAgratA kI pratiSThA hotI hai| isI sandarbha meM AhAra, zayana, rahana-sahana, jAgaraNa Adi kriyAoM ko yathAyogya samapramANita karane kA bhI nirdeza hai / 3 terahaveM adhyAya ke 8 se 12 taka ke zlokoM meM jJAna ke lakSaNa batAte hue amAnitva, adambhitva, ahiMsA, kSamA, Arjava, AcAryopAsanA, zucitA, sthiratA, Atmanigraha, Adi guNoM kI carcA hai / ye sabhI naitika guNa AtmA ko Upara uThAnevAle haiM / 13veM aura 14veM adhyAya meM AtmA kA svarUpa aura saMsAra ke sAtha usake saMbaMdha kA varNana hai / 15 veM adhyAya meM puruSottama yoga kA prarUpaNa hai jisameM puruSottama kA sAkSAtkAra hI sarvottama anubhUti hai tathA yaha prApta karane ke lie sAdhaka ko zraddhAzIla banane kA vidhAna hai; kyoMki zraddhA ke binA jJAna evaM karma vyartha hai / zraddhA ke svarUpa evaM usake vividha bhedoM kA varNana 17 veM adhyAya meM hai / isa prakAra gItA meM pratyeka yoga kA vAstavika athavA svarUpa bhUta lakSaNa varNita hai aura hara hAlata meM AtmasaMyama, kAmanAtyAga, prANi 1. gItA, 2 / 48 2. gItA kA vyavahAradarzana, pR0 218 2 3. vahI, pR0 222

Page #49
18 jaina yoga kA AlocanAtmaka adhyayana mAtra se prema, ahaMkArazUnyatA, nirbhayatA, zItoSNatA, sukha-duHkha evaM niMdAstuti meM samatAbhAva Adi guNoM kI apekSA rakhI gayI hai| phira bhI karmayoga, rAjayoga, bhaktiyoga evaM jJAnayoga kramazaH karma, dhyAna, bhakti evaM jJAna para vizeSa jora dete haiN| yahA~ pratyeka yoga kA apanA eka nizcita bhAvAtmaka lakSaNa hai, jo usake lakSya kA nirdezaka bhI hai| jaise karmayoga kA nizcita lakSya lokasaMgraha arthAt saba logoM kA kalyANa hai| jJAnayoga kA lakSya 'vAsudevaH sarvamiti' jJAna hai / sAMkhyayoga kA lakSya brAhmI sthiti hai, rAjayoga evaM dhyAnayoga kA lakSya brahmasaMsparzarUpa akSaya sukha kI prApti hai| isI prakAra vizvarUpadarzana-yoga kA lakSya bhagavAn ke vizvarUpa kA darzana hai aura bhaktiyoga kA lakSya bhagavAn kA atizaya priya honA hai| saMkSepa meM gItA eka kalpanA-paddhati hai aura jIvana kA vidhAna bhI hai / yaha buddhi ke dvArA satya kA anusaMdhAna hai aura satya ko manuSya kI AtmA ke andara kriyAtmaka zakti dene kA prayatna bhI hai| isalie pratyeka adhyAya ke upasaMhAraparaka vAkya se yaha spaSTa ho jAtA hai, jo eka anizcita kAla se prApta hotA jA rahA hai, vaha yaha ki yaha eka yogazAstra hai athavA brahmasaMbaMdhI darzanazAstra kA dhArmika anuzAsana hai| smRti granthoM meM yoga sampUrNa smRtizAstroM ko AcAra-vicAra kI nItiyoM kA amUlya khajAnA kaha sakate haiM, jinameM vaidika paramparA-vihita cAroM AzramoM5 kI vibhinna nItiyoM kI vistRta bhUmikA prastuta kI gayI hai| yAjJa1. eSA brAhmI sthitiH pArtha nainAM prApya vimuhyati / sthitvAsyAmantakAle'pi brahmanirvANa mRcchati ||-giitaa, 2072 2. yuMjannevaM sadAtmAnaM yogI vigatakalmaSaH / mukhena brahma saMsparzamatyantaM sukhamaznute / / -vahI, 6 / 28 3. ye tu dhAmRtamidaM yathokta paryupAsate / __zraddhadhAnA matparamA bhaktAste'tIva meM priyAH ||-vhii, 12 / 20 4. bhAratIya darzana, rAdhAkRSNan, bhAga 1, pR0 491 5. catvAraH AzramAH brahmacArI gRhastha vAnaprastha parivrAjakAH / - vasiSThasmRti, 206

Page #50
bhAratIya paramparA meM yoga 19 valkyasmRti, manusmRti, pArAzarasmRti Adi smRtiyoM meM sAdhakoM ke aneka kartavyoM tathA gRhasthoM ke satkarmoM kI carcA hai / ' vihita varNo tathA AzramoM ke samyak dharma kA pAlana karane se hI mokSa kI prApti saMbhava hai / kyoMki aisI avasthA meM sAdhaka apanI indriyoM para saMyama rakhatA hai, jisase ki usakI sArI kriyAoM kA saMpAdana samyak rUpa se hotA hai / yahI kAraNa hai ki gRhasthAzrama meM bhI dharma- pAlana karane se mokSaprApti kA vidhAna kiyA gayA hai / yoga kI kriyAoM tathA abhyAsa ke dvArA indriyoM para vijaya prApta kareM tathA AcAra, dama, ahiMsA Adi kriyA evaM yogAbhyAsa se Atmadarzana kI prApti kareM / " isa prakAra prAcIna kAlIna ina smRtiyoM meM bhI yogAbhyAsa kI una sabhI kriyAoM kA vivaraNa maujUda hai jinase mokSa prApti hotI hai / bhAgavatapurANa Adi meM yoga yogazAstra ke itihAsa kI dRSTi se bhAgavatapurANa kA sthAna aupaniSadika yoga tathA pAtaMjala yoga ke bIca ke kAla meM hai / isameM bhaktiyoga ke sAtha aSTAMgayoga kA bhI vivecana hai / isameM kathAoM ke mAdhyama se yaugika kriyAoM evaM sAdhanAoM kI vistRta carcA hai jisameM yoga-sambandhI zabdoM ke aneka saMketa prApta hote haiM, yathA 1. saMdhyAsnAnaM japo homa svAdhyAya devatArcanam / vizvadevAtiryaca SaT karmANi dine dine / - pArAzarasmRti, 39 2. yogazAstra pravakSyAmi saMkSepAt sAramuttamam / yasya ca zravaNA'dyAnti mokSaceva mumukSavaH // hArItasmRti, 82 iMdriyam / 3. prANAyAmena vacanaM pratyAhAreNa ca dhAraNAbhizakRtvA pUrvaM durghaSaNaM manaH // - vahI, 8|4 4. araNyanityasya jitendriyasya sarvendriya prIti nivartakasya / adhyAtmacintAgata mAnasacya dhruvA hyanAvRtti pekSakasya iti // ijyAcAra damAhiMsAdAnaM svAdhyAyakarmaNAm / ayaM tu paramo dharmo yadyogenAtmadarzanam // -- yAjJavalkyasmRti, 8 - vasiSThasmRti, 254

Page #51
jaina yoga kA AlocanAtmaka adhyayana manaH praNidhAna' Asana' mAMDakara bhagavAn meM apanA mana bhaktipUrvaka lagAnA; mana, vacana evaM dRSTi kI vRttiyoM se apanI AtmA ko ekAgra karake antaHzvAsa lenA tathA zAnta honA, antima bAra zvAsa ko bhItara khIMcakara brahmarandhra se prANa tyAga karanA aadi| ___isa sandarbha meM ullekhanIya hai ki samAdhi dvArA hI kapila kI mAtA ne apanI deha tyAgI thii| nArada ne dhruva ko Asana lagAkara, prANAyAma ke dvArA prANa, indriya tathA mana ke mala ko dUra karake dhyAnastha ho jAne kA upadeza diyA thA / zrIkRSNa kI alaukika ghaTanAoM ke pradarzana bhI yoga-sAdhanA kI hI dena mAne jAte haiN| bhAgavata ke tIna skandhoM meM yoga kA vistArapUrvaka varNana huA hai| dUsare skandha ke prathama tathA dvitIya adhyAyoM, tIsare skandha ke 25veM tathA 28meM adhyAyoM evaM 11veM skandha ke 13veM tathA 14veM adhyAyoM meM dhyAnayoga kA savistAra varNana huA hai| 15veM adhyAya meM aNimA, mahimA Adi aThAraha siddhiyoM kA ullekha hai| 19 tathA 28-29 adhyAyoM meM kramazaH yama, niyamAdi tathA aSTAMgayoga kA varNana hai| pataJjali ne jahA~ ATha yogoM meM yama-niyama ke pA~ca-pA~ca bhedoM kA vidhAna kiyA hai vahA~ isameM pratyeka ke bAraha bheda varNita haiN| yama ke bAraha bheda isa prakAra. 1. tasminnirmaje'raNye pippalopastha aasthitH| AtmanA''tmAnamAtmasthaM yathAzrutamacintayam / / dhyAyatazcaraNAmbhojaH bhAvanirjitacetasA / autkaNThayAzrukulAkSasya hRdyAsInme zanairhari // -bhAgavatapurANa, 1 / 6 / 16-17 2. tasmin sva Azrame vyAsI badarISaNDamaNDite / AsIno'pa upaspRzya praNidadhyau mana: svayam // --vahI, 117 / 3 3. kRSNa evaM bhagavati manovAradRSTi vRttibhiH / AtmanyAtmAnamAvezya so'ntazvAsa upAmat ||-vhii, 1 / 9 / 43 4. nityaaruuddhsmaadhitvaatpraavRttgunnbhrmaa| na sasmAra tadA''tmAnaM svapne dRssttmivo'tthitH|| -vahI, 3 / 33 / 27. 5. prANAyAmena trivRtA prANendriyamanomalam / zanaivyu dAsyAbhidhyAyenmanasA guruNAM gurum // -vahI, 4 / 8 / 44

Page #52
bhAratIya paramparA meM yoga haiM --(1) ahiMsA, (2) satya, (3) asteya, (4) asaMga, (5) hI, (6) asaMcaya, (7) Astikya, (8) brahmacarya, (9) mauna, (10) sthairya, (11) kSamA tathA (12) abhaya / niyama ke bAraha bheda isa prakAra haiM(1) bAhya zauca, (2) Abhyantara zauca, (3) japa, (4) tapa, (5) homa, (6) zraddhA, (7) Atithya, (8) bhagavadarzana, (9) tIrthATana, (10) parArtha ceSTA, (11) saMtoSa aura (12) AcArya sevana / zivapurANa meM prANAyAma ke do bheda batAye gaye haiM-(1) sagarbha aura (2) agarbha / sagarbha dhyAna ke antargata japa aura dhyAna ke binA prANAyAma kiyA jAtA hai tathA agarbha ke antargata japa evaM dhyAna sahita prANAyAma kiyA jAtA hai| viSNapurANa meM inhIM donoM sagarbha evaM agarbha ko kramazaH sabIja evaM abIja kahA hai| inake atirikta kumbhaka, pUraka evaM recaka ke dvArA prANa ke mArga ko zuddha karane ko kahA gayA hai|" isa prakAra bhAgavata meM aSTAMgayoga kA yatheSTa vivaraNa prApta hotA hai, jisake dvArA sAdhaka ko isa saMsAra se Upara uThane tathA citta ko ekAgra karane kA upadeza diyA gayA hai, jisase ki use sahaja nirvANa kI prApti ho sake / kahA bhI hai ki bhagavAn kI uttama bhakti se AplAvita yogI ke lie yoga kA uddezya mAtra kAyAkalpa tathA zarIra ko sudRr3ha banAnA hI nahIM hai, balki usakA mukhya dhyeya bhagavAn meM citta ko lagAnA bhI hai|' 1. ahiMsA satyamasteyamasaMgo hIrasaMcayaH / AstikyaM brahmacarya ca maunaM sthairya kSamA'bhayam / / -bhAgavatapurANa, 11 / 19 / 33 2. zaucaM japastapo homaH zraddhA''tithyaM madarcanam / tIrthATanaM parArthehA tuSTirAcAryasevanam // -vahI, 11 / 19 / 34 3. agarbhazca garbhasaMyukta prANAyAmaH zatAdhikaH / tasmAtgarbha kurvanti yoginaH prANasaMyamama // -zivapurANa, vAyavIyasaMhitA, 37333 4. viSNupurANa, 67 / 40 5. prANasya zodhayenmArga pUrakakumbhakarecakaiH / -bhAgavatapurANa, 3 / 28 / 9 6. yogaM niSevato nityaM kAyazcet kalpatAmiyAt / tacchRdradhyAnna matimAn yogamutsRjya matparaH // --vahI, 11 / 28 / 43

Page #53
jaina yoga kA AlocanAtmaka adhyayana isa taraha bhAgavatapurANa meM yoga kA pratipAdana, bhagavadbhakti meM citta ko ekAgra karane ke atirikta siddhi-prApti ke sAdhana ke rUpa meM bhI huA hai, kyoMki akhila AtmasvarUpa bhagavAn meM lagI huI bhakti ke samAna kalyANaprada mArga yogiyoM ke lie aura dUsarA nahIM hai|' yogavAsiSTha meM yoga yogavAsiSTha vaidika saMskRti kA eka aisA prAcIna grantha hai, jisameM pratyakSa-apratyakSa rUpa se mukhyataH yoga kA hI nirUpaNa huA hai tathA isakI kathAoM, upadezoM, prasaMgoM Adi meM saMsAra-sAgara se nivRtta hone kI yukti batalAyI gayI hai| vAstava meM yoga dvArA mAnava apane vAstavika svarUpa kI anubhUti prApta karatA hai evaM anta meM saMsAra ke AvAgamana se mukta ho jAtA hai| isa grantha meM mana kA vistRta varNana hai| mana ko hI zaktizAlI evaM puruSArtha kA sahAyaka mAnA gayA hai / buddhi, ahaMkAra, citta, karma, kalpanA, smati, vAsanA, indriyA~, deha, padArtha, Adi ko mana ke hI rUpa batAyA gayA hai| yahA~ taka ki mana kI pUrNa zAnti hone para hI brahmatva kI prApti hotI hai| mana ko zAnta karane ke aneka upAyoM kA ullekha karate hue batAyA gayA hai ki saMkalpa karane kA hI nAma mana hai tathA usake hI hAtha meM bandhana aura mokSa hai| yoga dvArA hI mana sthira evaM pUrNa zAnta hotA hai evaM jAgrati, svapna, aura suSupti se bhinna turIyAvasthA kI sthiti meM pahu~cane meM samartha hotA hai| ina avasthAoM kA vistRta vivecana yahA~ vibhinna sandarbho meM kiyA gayA hai| yogavAsiSTha meM yoga kI tIna rItiyoM kA prarUpaNa huA hai jo kramazaH isa prakAra haiM-(1) ekatattvaghanAbhyAsa, (2) prANoM kA nirodha evaM (3) 1. na yujyamAnayA bhaktyA bhagavatyakhilAtmani / sadRzo'sti zivaH panthA yoginAM brahmasiddhaye // -vahI, 3 / 25 / 19 2. yogavAsiSTha, 6 / 114 / 17; 67 / 11; 6 / 139 / 1; 3 / 110 / 46 3. vahI, 5 / 869 4. vahI, 4 / 19 / 15-18, 5 / 78 / 10 5. yogamanovijJAna, pR0 12 /

Page #54
bhAratIya paramparA meM yoga 23 manonirodha / ekatattvaghanAbhyAsa ke antargata brahmabhyAsa dvArA apane ko usImeM lIna kara denA hotA hai| prANoM ke nirodha meM prANAyAma Adi kI apekSA kI jAtI hai evaM kuNDalinI-zakti ko jAgrata karake brahmatva prApta kiyA jAtA hai| manonirodha meM samasta icchAoM kA pUrNa parizamana kiyA jAtA hai| isa grantha meM bhI sadAcAra evaM vicAra ke samyak paripAlana para jora diyA gayA hai evaM vicAra ko paramajJAna kahA gayA hai / ' sadAcAra evaM jJAna kI upamA kramazaH dIpaka evaM sUrya se dI gayI hai aura kahA hai ki jaba taka jJAna kA sUraja prakaTa nahIM hotA taba taka ajJAna ke gahana andhakAra meM sadAcAra kA hI dIpaka mArgadarzaka hotA hai| avidyA ko duHkhoM kA mUla kAraNa mAnA gayA hai tathA isakA vinAza samyagdarzana kI prApti se hotA hai| isake anusAra citta kI ekadama kSINa avasthA ho jAne para mokSa hotA hai, jabaki vaha samasta kriyAoM evaM vAsanAoM se rahita ho jAtA hai| vaisI saMkalpa-vikalparahita Atmasthiti meM mithyAjJAna se utpanna ahaMbhAvarUpI ajJAnagranthi kA sarvathA samApta ho jAnA hI mokSa hai| haThayoga haThayoga-siddhAnta kI carcA yogatattvopaniSad tathA zANDilyopaniSad meM hai| haThayoga ke avAntara bheda bhI haiM, jinakI carcA yahAM anapekSita hai / ziva haThayoga ke Adi pravartaka mAne jAte haiM / " haThayoga kA artha hai-candra-sUrya, iDA-piMgalA, prANa-apAna kA milana arthAt ha sUrya, Thacandra yAnI sUrya aura candra kA saMyoga / haThayoga kA uddezya zArIrika tathA mAnasika unnati hai / yaha yoga sarvaprathama zArIrika vikAsa yA 1. vicAraH paramaM jJAnaM / -yogavAsiSTha, 2 / 16 / 19 2. sAdhu saMgatayo loke sanmArgasya ca dIpikAH / hAdhikArahAriNyo bhAso jJAnavivastavaH // -vahI, 2 / 16 / 9 3. prAjJaM vijJAtavijJeyaM smygdrshmaadhyH|| na dahanti vanaM varSAsiktamagnizikhA iva // -vahI, 2 / 11 / 41 4. vahI, 3310037-42 5. haThayogapradIpikA, 11 6. vahI, 1 / 1; 315

Page #55
24 jaina yoga kA AlocanAtmaka adhyayana unnati kI ora vizeSa dhyAna detA hai, kyoMki zarIra kI sudRr3hatA aura svasthatA se hI icchAoM para niyantraNa hotA hai aura isase mana zAnta avasthA ko prApta hotA hai, jo yoga dhAraNa ke lie parama Avazyaka hai| haThayoga meM sAta aMga pramukha haiN|--ssttkrm,2 prANAyAma, Asana, mudrA, pratyAhAra, dhyAna aura samAdhi / inameM Asana, mudrA evaM prANAyAma kA vizeSa mahattva dRSTigocara hotA hai| ina prANAyAma Adi yaugika kriyAoM ke dvArA zarIra halakA karane evaM bhArI banAne kI labdhi prApta hotI hai, lekina ina labdhiyoM kI prApti hI antima lakSya nahIM hai / usakA uddezya Antarika deha kI zuddhi karake rAjayoga kI ora jAnA hai| ataH haThayoga ke binA rAjayoga aura rAjayoga ke binA haThayoga asambhava hai / ' abhihita mudrAoM tathA prANAyAmoM dvArA nAr3iyoM ko zuddha kiyA jAtA hai, jinapara haThayoga Adhata hai| haThayoga kA sambandha zarIra se adhika hai aura mana tathA AtmA se kama / " aisI sthiti meM mana nirodhAvasthA meM pahu~catA hai, jahA~ se rAjayoga kA prArambha hotA hai / nAr3iyoM ke zuddha hone para kuNDalinI-zakti jAgrata hotI hai tathA yaha SaTcakroM kA bhedana karatI huI sahasrAdhAra meM pahu~catI hai| aisI sthiti meM sAdhaka kA citta nirAlamba evaM mRtyu-bhaya-rahita hotA hai jo yogAbhyAsa kI jar3a hai, isIko kailAza bhI kahate haiM / 1. SaTkarmaNA zodhanaM ca Asanena bhavedRDham / mudrayA sthiratA caiva pratyAhAreNa dhiirtaa| prANAyAmallAghavaM ca dhyAnAtpratyakSamAtmani / samAdhinA nirliptazca muktireva na saMzayaH ||-ghernnddsNhitaa, 1 / 10-11 2. dhautirvastistathA netistrATakaM naulika tathA / kapAlabhAtizcetAni SaTkarmANi pravakSate // -haThayogapradIpikA, 2 / 22 3. nAthayoga, pR0 19 4. haThayogapradIpikA, 2175 5. santa mata kA sarabhaMga sampradAya, pR0 66-68 6. bhAratIya saMskRti aura sAdhanA, bhA. 2, pR0 397 7. ataUdhvaM divyarUpaM sahasrAraM saroruham / brahmANDa vyasta dehasthaM bAhya tiSThati srvdaa| kailAzo nAma tasyaiva mahezo yatra tiSThati // -zivasaMhitA, 5

Page #56
bhAratIya paramparA meM yoga haThayoga meM yama evaM niyamoM ke pAlana kA vidhAna hai| aura aneka vastuoM ko tyAgane kA bhI Adeza hai| arthAt AcAra evaM vicAra ko vizeSa mahattva diyA gayA hai| isa prakAra yama-niyamoM kA pAlana karatA huA haThayogI sthUla zarIra dvArA apanI zakti ko antarmukhI banAkara, sUkSma zarIra ko vaza meM karake cittanirodha karatA hai aura kramazaH paramAtmA kA sAkSAtkAra karatA hai| yaha paddhati hI haThayoga hai| nAthayoga __ nAthayoga ke udbhava ke viSaya meM nizcitarUpeNa kucha nahIM kahA jA sakatA, lekina mAnA jAtA hai ki isakA prArambha athavA punarsthApana gorakhanAtha se huA hai| gorakhanAtha kA samaya 10vIM athavA 11vIM zatI se pUrva kA hai, jo isa sampradAya kA samaya mAnA jA sakatA hai / aisI dhAraNA hai ki ziva ne matsyendranAtha ko yoga kI dIkSA dI thI aura matsyendranAtha ne gorakhanAtha ko| nAthapanthIya paramparA isa prakAra mAnI jAtI hai-AdinAtha (ziva), matsyendranAtha, gorakhanAtha, gAhinInAtha, nivRttinAtha evaM jJAnadeva / " nAtha-sampradAya meM mukhyataH nau nAtha mAne gaye haiM-gorakhanAtha, jvAlendranAtha, kAriNanAtha, gAhinInAtha, carpaTanAtha, kheNanAtha, nAganAtha, bhartanAtha tathA gopIcandanAtha / / yaha pantha alaga-alaga nAmoM se bhI jAnA jAtA hai, yathA-siddhamata, yogamArga, yoga-sampradAya, avadhUta-sampradAya, avadhUtamata Adi / dIkSA dhAraNa karane ke samaya kAna phar3avAkara kuNDala dhAraNa karane ke kAraNa inheM kanaphaTA yogI bhI kahate haiN|' isa yogamArga kA paramapada nAtha hai / isa yogamArga kI kriyAe~ tathA 1. haThayogapradIpikA, 1057-63 2. Siddha Siddhanta Paddhati and Other Works of Nath Yogis, p. 7 3. Ibid. p. 10 4. Gorakhnath and the Kanfata Yogis, pp. 235-36 5. kabIra, pR0 38 6. gosvAmI, prathama khaNDa, varSa 24, a0 12, 1960, pR0 92 17. kabIra kI vicAradhArA, pR0 153 8. nAtha sampradAya, pR0 59

Page #57
jaina yoga kA AlocanAtmaka adhyayana yoga-sAdhanA haThayogiyoM se milatI-julatI hai, phira bhI donoM ke antima sAdhya nitAnta bhinna haiM / jahA~ tantra, haTha tathA rasazAstra zarIra ko amara banAte haiM, vahA~ nAthayoga AtmA kA amaratva, nAdamadhu kA Ananda tathA zivabhakti ke sAtha samarasatA sthApita karatA hai, kyoMki isakA uddezya zAzvata AtmA kI anubhUti prApta karanA hai| isa yoga meM manaHzuddhi ke atirikta kAyazuddhi para bhI jora diyA jAtA hai, kyoMki manaHzuddhi ke lie kAyazuddhi apekSita hai| isa yoga meM haTha tathA tantra ke samAna hI guru kI mahattA batAte hue kahA gayA hai ki guru kI kRpA se hI saMsAra-bandhana ko tor3akara ziva kI prApti sambhava hai / nAtha-siddhAntayoga dvaitAdvaita vilakSaNI kahA jAtA hai, kyoMki ziva dvaita yA advaita nahIM haiM, varan ve avAcya tathA nirupAdhi haiN| 3 ve dvaita tathA advaita athavA sAkAra tathA nirAkAra se pare haiN| ve ziva hI cittanityatattva tathA svayaMsiddha haiN| nAthayoga ke anusAra mokSa vaha hai jisameM mana ke dvArA mana kA avalokana kiyA jAtA hai arthAt Atmazakti ko yathArtha rUpa se jAnanA hI jIvanmukti hai aura isa mukti ke lie mana evaM zarIra donoM kI zuddhi anivArya hai| haThayoga evaM tantra kI taraha isa sampradAya meM bhI kuNDalinI-zakti kI mAnyatA prApta hai| isake anusAra yaha zakti sarpAkAra vRtti meM supta rahatI hai aura vaha AtmasaMyama dvArA jAgrata hotI hai| jaba vaha jAgatI hai to zarIrastha SaTcakroM ko bhedatI huI brahmANDa arthAt sahasrAdhAra taka pahu~catI hai aura vahAM ziva ke sAtha ekarUpa ho jAtI hai| isa prakAra ziva ke sAtha yaha milana jIvAtmA kA paramAtmA meM lIna hone kA pratIka hai| ziva aura zakti kA milana hI isa yoga kA dhyeya hai|" 1. jJAnezvarI ( marAThI ), prastAvanA, pR0 43 2. (ka) evaM vidhu guroH zabdAt sarva cintAviva jitaH / sthitvA manohare deze yogameva samabhyaset / --amanaska yoga, 15 (kha) Siddha Siddhant Paddhati and other works of Nath Yogis, p. 5,54-80 3. amanaska yoga, pR0 25 4. saMtamata kA sarabhaMga sampradAya, pR0 69 zivasyAbhyantare zaktiH zakterabhyantaraH zivaH / antaraM naiva jAnIyAMccaMdracaMdrikayoriva |--siddhsiddhaantpddhti, 4 / 26

Page #58
bhAratIya paramparA meM yoga isa prakAra nAthoM kI yoga-sAdhanA kA Adarza pAtaMjalayoga se hI tattvataH bhinna nahIM hai, apitu pUrvavartI aura pazcAtvartI bauddhamatavAdoM ke sAtha bhI bahuta dUra taka zAMkaravedAnta se bhinna hai / prAcIna aura madhyakAlIna AgamAnuyAyI advaitavAdI matavAdoM se nAthAdarza kI paryApta samAnatA hai, jise sAmarasya kahA gayA hai / " zaivAgama evaM yoga zaivAgama ziva ke pA~ca mukhoM se nirgata anubhUtiyoM kA sAhitya hai / isameM mUlata: pUrNasvarUpa ko ziva aura paramaziva nAma se sambodhita kiyA gayA hai / yaha ziva parama akhaNDa mahAprakAzasvarUpa hai aura ise samasta sRSTi-sthiti kA arthAt abhivyakta sRSTi kA kendra mAnA jAtA hai / isa kendra bindu se sphuTita pAMca bindu hI ziva ke pA~ca mukha haiM - 1. sadyoyAna, 2. vAmadeva, 3. aghora, 4. IzAnya tathA 5 tattvAMza / 2 ina pA~ca mukhoM se nirgata Agama ko ziva, rudra evaM bhairava Agama bhI kahate haiM / ye Agama aTThAIsa mAne gaye haiM / zaivamatAnusAra yoga ke cAra pAda haiM - kriyA, caryA, jJAna evaM yoga / inase nirgata dArzanika yoga dhArAe~ pravAhita hotI haiM jinameM batAyA gayA hai ki pUrNa svarUpa se milane para bhI apane svarUpa ko alaga rakhanA dvaita hai / isI prakAra isameM dvaitAdvaita evaM viziSTAdvaita kA bhI nirUpaNa huA hai / isake anusAra jIva sAmAnyatayA pazutulya mAnA gayA hai, jo tIna mala se AvRta hai / ye tIna mala ANava, mAyA tathA karma haiM / isake anusAra jIva apane svarUpa ko bhUlakara sukha-duHkhAdi kA anubhava karatA rahatA hai | zivasvarUpa banane ke lie jIva ko zaktipAta evaM dIkSA ke dvArA apane svarUpa kA jJAna prApta karanA hotA hai / aisA karane meM mala se nivRtti hotI hai evaM vizeSa sAdhanA kA bhI sahArA lenA hotA hai / ina 1. Philosophy of Gorakhnath, Introduction, p. 26 2. taMtrAloka, kaNThasaMhitA, bhAga 1, pR0 37-38 3. sarvadarzanasaMgraha, pR0 322 4. ANava- mAyIya - - karma malAvRtatvAt trimayaH / - pratyabhijJAhRdayam, pR0 15.

Page #59
jaina yoga kA AlocanAtmaka adhyayana malAvaraNoM ko haTAkara svarUpa ko prApta honA hI mokSa hai, arthAt svarUpazakti kA bodha hI mokSa kahalAtA hai|' kAzmIra ke pratyabhijJa dArzanikoM ne 'yoga' kI jagaha 'samaveza' zabda kA prayoga kiyA hai aura usakA yoga zabda se vilakSaNa artha pratipAdita kiyA hai| ANava, zAkta evaM sAMbhava ina tIna upAyoM ke dvArA svarUpasAkSAtkAra sambhava hotA hai| isa mata meM dIkSA kA vizeSa mahattva hai, kyoMki guru-dIkSA dvArA hI svarUpa kA sambandha hotA hai aura zaktipAta yA Izvara-prapAta dvArA antastala kI supta kuNDalinI jAgrata hokara svarUpa kA bodha karAtI hai aura phira akhaNDa pada prApta hotA hai| yaha sAmarasya avasthA yA akhaNDa sAmarasya avasthA hai, jo zivayoga ke nAma se abhihita hai / zivayoga kA vizeSa varNana karate hue paramArthasAra" meM kahA gayA hai ki zivayogI ke lie samAdhi-utthAna kA prazna hI nahIM uThatA, kyoMki vaha svayaM zivasvarUpa meM sthita hotA hai / isake anusAra sAdhanA kI anubhUti ko vizeSa sthAna prApta hai|| ___ isa paramparA meM ajJAna ke do prakAra mAne gaye haiM -buddhigata ajJAna aura pauruSa-ajJAna / cit zakti kA saMkoca ajJAna hai tathA isa saMkoca kI carama sImA hI saMsAra hai| svarUpa-saMkoca ke kAraNa svayaM cetana hI jar3a bana jAtA hai / caitanya ko hI pramANa, prameya mAnA gayA hai aura citzakti ko vizeSa sthAna diyA gayA hai| paramAtmA ke pA~ca kRtya isa prakAra haiM-(1) sRSTi, (2) sthiti, (3) saMhAra, (4) anugraha, tathA (5) vilaya / ina kRtyoM kI nirantaratA avyA1. tantrAloka, 1162 2. Abhinavagupta : An Historical and Philosophical Study., p. 312 3. Ibid., p. 293 4. Ibid., p. 304 5. paramArthasAra, 56-60 6. dvividhaM ca ajJAnaM-buddhigataM pauruSaM ca |-tntrsaar, adhyAya 1, pR0 2-3; tantrAloka, 1136, pR073 7. tathApi tadvat paMcakRtyAni karoti / sRSTi saMhArakartAraM vilaya sthiti kArakam / anugrahakaraM devaMpraNatAti vinAzanam |--prtybhijnyaahRdym, pR. 32

Page #60
bhAratIya paramparA meM yoga hata hai| yaha vastutaH paramAtmA kA hI khela hai| isake phalasvarUpa jIva meM svarUpabodha kI Antarika icchA balavatI hotI hai, vaha apane meM abhAva kA bodha karatA hai| vaisI sthiti meM vaha karmasAmya evaM malaparipAka kI apekSA karatA hai| yahA~ karmasAmya kA tAtparya manuSya ke puNya aura pApa karma ke sAmya ke phalasvarUpa utpanna sahajakRpA kA unmeSa hai aura kAlAnugata mala ( ajJAna ) avasthA kI paripakva avasthA hote hI jJAna kA AvirbhAva honA malaparipAka hai| ina donoM kriyAoM ke anusAra jIva kI pravRtti antarmukhI ho jAtI hai, phira guru athavA kisI mAdhyama dvArA kuNDalinI jAgrata hotI hai aura vaha Urdhvamukha hokara sahasrAdhAra taka pahu~catI hai, jisake phalasvarUpa indriya, prANa, buddhi evaM ahaMkAra zaktisvarUpa banakara ziva se tAdAtmya hokara khelane lagate haiN| isa prakAra sapta zakti kA ziva se milana hI yoga hai / ise nityayoga athavA nityamilanayoga bhI kahA jAtA hai| pAtaMjala-yoga yoM to yoga kA ullekha yogapaddhati-saMhitA, brAhmaNa-granthoM tathA upaniSadoM meM huA hai, lekina yoga ko vyavasthita evaM samyak svarUpa pradAna kiyA hai maharSi pataMjali ne / pAtaMjala yogasUtra para aneka TIkAe~ likhI gayI haiM, jinameM vyAsa-bhASya sabase prAmANika mAnA jAtA hai tathA aneka pramukha TIkAkAroM meM vijJAnabhikSu, bhoja evaM vAcaspati mizra ke nAma ullekhanIya haiN| pAtaMjala-yoga sAMkhyasiddhAnta kI nIMva para khar3A hai| yogasUtra cAra pAdoM meM vibhakta hai| prathama pAda meM yoga ke lakSaNa, svarUpa tathA usakI prApti ke upAyoM kA varNana hai| dvitIya pAda kA nAma sAdhanapAda hai jisameM duHkhoM ke kAraNoM para prakAza DAlA gayA hai| tRtIya vibhUtipAda meM dhAraNA, dhyAna, samAdhi, evaM siddhiyoM kA varNana hai tathA caturtha kaivalyapAda meM citta ke svarUpa kA pratipAdana hai| maharSi pataMjali kI yoga kI paribhASA hai : 'cittavRttiyoM kA nirodha hI yoga hai|' isa paribhASA ke anusAra caMcala manaHpravRttiyoM kA saMyamana yoga ke lie anivArya hai| citta kI ye vRttiyA~ pAMca prakAra kI haiM2-pramANa, 1. yogshcittvRtinirodhH|-yogdrshn, 12 2. prmaannvipryyviklpnidraasmRtyH|-vhii, 16

Page #61
30 viparyaya, vikalpa, nidrA evaM yogasiddhi nahIM ho jAtI / aura ina sUkSma saMskAroM ko apekSita hai / jaina yoga kA AlocanAtmaka adhyayana smRti / ina vRttiyoM ke nigrahamAtra se hI ina vRttiyoM ke sAtha saMskAra bhI jur3e hote haiM bhI rokane kI prakriyA yogasiddhi ke lie yoga ke do bheda haiM- samprajJAta aura asamprajJAta / citta meM aneka vRttiyA~ rahatI haiN| kisI eka vastu meM dhyAnastha hone para, unameM se eka hI vRtti kAryazIla hotI hai aura anya vRttiyA~ kSINa hotI haiM / usako prajJA kahate haiM / ataH ekAgra bhUmi meM eka vastu ke satata bhAva meM lage rahanA samprajJAta samAdhi hai / asamprajJAta samAdhi athavA yoga ke antargata sabhI vRttiyoM kA pUrNataH nirodha Avazyaka hai / samprajJAta ke cAra bheda nirdiSTa haiM--vitarkAnugata, vicArAnugata, AnandAnugata aura asmitAnugata | asamprajJAta samAdhi kaivalya kI sthiti hai, kyoMki isa samAdhi meM citta kI avasthA bilakula zAnta evaM saMskArarahita hotI hai; lekina aisI avasthA meM saMskAra bahuta bAdhaka banate haiM, jinakA pUrvajanmAnusAra jIva meM Agamana hotA rahatA hai / inakA kAraNa avidyA arthAt mithyAtva hai, isIse karma ba~dhate haiM aura ye karma klezoM se utpanna hote haiM / ina karma-klezoM ke pA~ca bheda haiM- avidyA, asmitA, rAga, dva eSa tathA abhiniveza | ataH ina vAsanAoM, karmoM tathA klezoM kA sarvathA nAza viveka athavA samyagjJAna prApta kara lene para hI hotA hai aura tabhI Atmatattva pahacAnane kI zakti utpanna hotI hai / aisI sthiti kI prApti hI AtmalInatA athavA kaivalyadhAma hai, jo yoga kA lakSya hai / 3 isa prakAra manaH zuddhi karake kramazaH AtmasvarUpa meM sthita hone ke lie ATha yogAMga batAye gaye haiM-yama, niyama, Asana, prANAyAma, pratyAhAra, dhAraNA, dhyAna evaM samAdhi / ahiMsA, satya, asteyAdi 1. vitarkavicArAnandA smitArUpAnugamAt samprajJAtaH / - yogadarzana, 1|17 2. avidyAsmitArAgadveSAbhinivezA: paMcaklezAH / - vahI, 213 3. puruSArthazUnyAnAM guNAnAM pratiprasavaH kaivalyaM svarUpapratiSThA vA citizaktiriti / - vahI, 4134 4. yamaniyamAsanaprANAyAmapratyAhAradhAraNAdhyAnasamAdhayo'STAvaMgAni / -- vahI, 2 / 29

Page #62
'bhAratIya paramparA meM yoga 31 yama' tathA zauca, saMtoSAdi niyamoM ke anuSThAna kA vidhAna hai, jinase sAdhaka saMyama meM sthita hotA hai| sAdhanA ke daurAna yogI ke samakSa aneka antarAya3 Ate haiN| - kriyAyoga tathA samAdhiyoga ke satata abhyAsa se yoga kI siddhi hotI hai| yahA~ kriyAyoga kA tAtparya tapa, svAdhyAya tathA Izvara-praNidhAna hai|' tapa kA matalaba hai cAMdrAyaNa, kAchAmaNAdi vrt| vedoM kA adhyayana, cintana-manana karanA svAdhyAya hai tathA Izvara ko sammukha rakhakara bAra-bAra usake guNoM kA smaraNa karanA Izvara-praNidhAna hai| isa kriyAyoga se indriyoM kA damana hotA hai| abhyAsa aura vairAgya kI satata bhAvanA usake lie anivArya hai| isa taraha sAvadhAnIpUrvaka aSTAMgayogayukta yoga-samAdhi saMlona yogI hI dIrghakAla taka yoga meM ramaNa kara sakatA hai / ' yogadarzana meM aneka labdhiyoM kA bhI varNana hai| advaitavedAnta evaM yoga ___ bhAratIya darzanoM meM vedAnta kA pramukha sthAna hai| yaha darzana kevala saiddhAntika hI nahIM, vyAvahArika bhI hai| isameM paramalakSya athavA Atmopalabdhi ke lie una sAdhanoM kA vicAra kiyA gayA hai jo yogasAdhanA ke lie Avazyaka haiN| ___advaitavedAnta ke anusAra mAyA ke kAraNa hI jIva saMsAra meM bhramaNa karatA hai| Atmadarzana meM magna rahakara tathA yogArUr3ha hokara hI isa saMsAra se pAra huA jA sakatA hai| yoga kA uddezya AtmA para par3e 1. ahiMsAsatyAsteyabrahmacaryAparigrahA ymaaH| -vahI, 2030 2. zocasaMtoSatapaHsvAdhyAyezvarapraNidhAnAni niyamAH |-vhii, 2032 3. vyAdhistyAnasaMzayapramAdAlasyAviratibhrAntidarzanAlabdhabhUmikatvAnavasthita tvAni cittavikSepAste'ntarAyAH / -vahI, 1630 4. tapaH svAdhyAyezvarapraNidhAnAni kriyaayogH| -vahI, 211 5. abhyAsavairAgyAbhyAM tnnirodhH| -vahI, 1 / 12 6. yogena yogoM jJAtavyo yogo yogAtpravartate / yo pramattastu'yogena sa yoge ramate ciram / -yogadarzana, vyAsabhASya, pR0 517 7. uddharedAtmanAtmAnaM magnaM sNsaarvaaridhau| yogArUDhatvabhAsAdya samyagdarzananiSThayA // -vivekacUr3AmaNi, 9

Page #63
jaina yoga kA AlocanAtmaka adhyayana AvaraNa yA avidyA ko haTAnA hai| isa avidyA ke kAraNa hI jIva apanI cit zakti ko pahacAna nahIM pAtA hai| isa AvaraNa ko haTAne ke lie hI vedAnta meM sAdhana-catuSTaya batalAye gaye haiM, jinake dvArA ajJAna naSTa hotA hai tathA sAdhaka ko brahmajijJAsA hotI hai| ye cAra sAdhana haiM-(1) nityAnitya vastuviveka, (2) vairAgya, ( 3) SaT sampattiyA~ : zama, dama, uparati, titikSA, zraddhA tathA samAdhAna, aura (4) mumukSatva / vedAnta kI sAdhanA jJAna para AdhRta hai, isalie zravaNa, manana tathA nididhyAsana dvArA jJAna prApta karake yaha bhava pAra karane ko kahA gayA hai| vedAnta-yoga meM brahma tathA jIva eka ho jAte haiN| brahma ke saguNa rUpa kA ekaniSTha dhyAna karanA aura usameM lIna honA hI yoga kA vAstavika svarUpa hai| jaba jIva aura brahma eka ho jAte haiM, taba jIva ke samasta ahaMkArAdi doSa naSTa ho jAte haiN| mAyA ke kAraNa jIva AtmasvabhAva ko bhUlA huA hai| jJAna-prApti ke bAda usakA brahma ke sAtha tAdAtmya ho jAtA hai| yahI mokSa hai aura mokSa prApta karanA hI advaita-vedAnta-yoga kA sAdhya hai| zraddhA, bhakti, dhyAna aura yoga ye mukti ke kAraNa haiM aura inase hI dehabandhana kA uccheda hotA hai| isa nirvikalpa samAdhi se hI ajJAna' naSTa hotA hai, kyoMki avidyA saMsAra kA mUla kAraNa hai aura isa baMdhana ko tor3anA hI mokSa hai / isake lie mana, vacana tathA kAyA kA nirodha 1. Adau nityAnityavastuvivekaH parigaNyate / ihAmUtraphalabhogavirAgastadanantaram / zamAdiSaTkasampattirmumukSutvamiti sphuTam // -vahI, 19 2. tataH zrutistanmananaM satatvadhyAnaM ciraM nityaniraMtaraM muneH| -vahI, 70 3. yogamanovijJAna, pR0 29 4. zraddhAbhaktidhyAnayogAnmumukSormuktehetUnvakti sAkSAcchu tergIH / yo vA eteSveva tiSThatyamuSya mokSo'vidyAkalpitAdehabandhAt // -vivekacUDAmaNi, 46 5. ajJAnahRdaya graMthiniHzeSa vilystdaa|| samAdhi'vikalpen yadA dvaitAtmadarzanam / -vahI, 353 6. avidyAstabhayo mokSaH sA bandha udAhRtaH / -sarvadarzanasaMgraha, pR. 763

Page #64
bhAratIya paramparA meM yoga Avazyaka hai, kyoMki vANI kA mana meM, mana kA buddhi meM aura buddhi kA AtmA meM tathA AtmA kA pUrNa brahma meM laya karane para hI parama zAnti prApta kI jA sakatI hai| bauddha yoga yaugika kriyAoM ke Adarza vibhinna AdhyAtmika zAstroM meM bhinnabhinna haiN| upaniSadoM meM yoga kA pratipAdana brahma ke sAkSAtkAra ke rUpa meM huA hai| pataMjali ke yogadarzana meM isakA artha satya kA antarvekSaNa hai aura bauddhadharma meM isakI saMjJA bodhisattva kI prApti athavA jagat kI niHsAratA kA jJAna prApta karanA hai| bauddhadharma meM bhI tattvajJAna ke lie yoga kA prayojana svIkRta hai / bauddha granthoM meM prayukta samAdhi evaM dhyAna zabda yoga ko hI vyaMjita karate haiN| nirvANa kI prApti ke sAdhana meM yoga kI anivAryatA svIkAra kI hai, jaisA ki mokSa-prApti ke sAdhana ke rUpa meM yoga kI mahattA jaina granthoM meM pratipAdita hai| yahI kAraNa hai ki buddha ne bodhisattva kI prApti hone se pahale prANAyAma dvArA zvAsocchvAsa ke nirodha kA prayatna kiyA thA aura isI sAdhana ke dvArA ve bodhi prApta karanA cAhate the| parantu isameM saphalatA nahIM milii| phalataH haThayoga-paddhati kA niSedha karake unhoMne aSTAMga-mArga' kI pratiSThApanA kii| ullekhanIya hai ki pratyAhAra, dhyAna, prANAyAma, dhAraNA, anusmRti evaM samAdhi' yoga ke ina chaha aMgoM meM prANAyAma ko mahattva diyA gayA hai| yadyapi bauddhadharma ke prArambhika kAla meM yoga kA nirUpaNa spaSTa rUpa meM nahIM 1. vAcaM niyacchAtmani taM niyaccha buddhau dhiyaM yaccha ca buddhisAkSiNi / taM cApi pUrNAtmani nirvikalpe vilApya zAMti paramAM bhajasva / -vivekacUDAmaNi, 369 2. rAdhAkRSNan, bhAratIya darzana, bhAga0 1, pR0 392 3. kusalacittekaggatA smaadhi| -vizuddhimArga, 311 4. yogazAstra : eka parizIlana, pR0 30 5. saMyuktanikAya, 5110 6. pratyAhArastathA dhyAnaM praannaayaamo'thdhaarnnaa| anusmRtiH samAdhizca SaDaMgayoga ucyate ||-shaikoddeshttiikaa, pR0 30

Page #65
34 jaina yoga kA AlocanAtmaka adhyayana milatA, parantu mahAyAniyoM ne yoga para vistRta evaM vyApaka rUpa meM vicAra kiyA hai / bauddha yoga meM 'samAdhi' kA mahattvapUrNa sthAna hai / isako prApta karane ke lie dhyAna' kA pratipAdana kiyA gayA hai jo isa prakAra hai : ( 1 ) vitarka vicAra prIti sukha ekAgratA sahita, (2) prIti sukha ekAgratA sahita, (3) sukha ekAgratA sahita aura (4) ekAgratA sahita / dhyAna kI ekAgratA ke lie yogI ko AcAra-vicAra evaM nItiniyamoM kA samyakrUpeNa pAlana karanA cAhie, kyoMki saMyama ke binA dhyAna athavA samAdhi lagAnA vaise hI nirarthaka hai, jaise ki phUTe ghar3e meM pAnI bharanA vyartha hai / cittavRttiyoM kI pUrNa zAnti evaM ekAgratA ke lie bhI saMyamI tathA sadAcArI rahanA vAMchanIya hai / ina sAre AcAravicAroM kA vistRta varNana suttapiTakoM meM huA hai / bauddhAgama meM prANAyAma ko AnApAnasmRti karmasthAna kahA hai / prANAyAma kI vidhi ke upayoga kI sArthakatA batAte hue kahA hai ki cita sthira rakhane ke lie sAdhaka ko cAhie ki vaha zarIra sthira karake zvAsocchvAsa le / yadi isa para bhI usakA citta zAnta nahIM hotA hai to sAdhaka ko cAhie ki vaha gaNanA, anubandhA, sparza, sthApanA kA prayoga kare / 2 bauddha yoga meM naitika jIvana ke siddhAnta isa prakAra mAne gaye haiMdAna, vIrya, zIla, zAnti, dhairya, dhyAna aura prajJA; 3 kyoMki inake dvArA vyakti meM ucca bhAvoM kA vikAsa hotA hai tathA dRSTi kSiti kA vistAra hotA hai / bauddha yoga-sAdhanA meM cAra smRtiyA~ arthAt kAyAnupazyanA, vedanAnupazyanA, cittAnupazyanA aura dharmAnupazyanA mahattvapUrNa haiM / ina smRtiyoM ke antargata hI indriya-saMyama, cAra Aryasatya, aSTAMgika mArga, sapta baudhyaMga, cAra dhyAna tathA anAtmavAda Ate haiM / " isa prakAra zarIra ko nizcala karane kA mArga batalAkara saMsAra ke cAra kAraNoM arthAt cAra 1. dIghanikAya, 12; pR0 28-29 2. vizuddhimArga, bhAga 1, pariccheda 8 3. uttarottarataH zreSThA dAnapAramitAdayaH / netarArthI tyajecchre SThAmanyatrAcAra setutaH // - bodhicaryAvatAra, 5 / 83 4. dIghanikAya, 2/9; bauddha darzana tathA anya bhAratIya darzana, bhA0 1, pR0 343

Page #66
bhAratIya paramparA meM yoga . 35 Arya satyoM kA ullekha kiyA gayA hai, jo isa prakAra haiM : (1) duHkha, (2) duHkha samudAya, (3) duHkhanirodha aura (4) duHkha-nirodha ke upAya / bauddha-darzana ke anusAra saMsAra meM duHkha hI duHkha hai| ina duHkha samudAyoM kI jar3eM bahuta haiM, jinheM dvAdaza nidAna athavA pratItyasamutpAda kahA jAtA hai| ve isa prakAra haiM-(1) avidyA, (2) saMskAra, (3) vijJAna, (4) nAmarUpa, (5) SaDAyatana, (6) sparza, (7) vedanA, (8) tRSNA, (9) upAdAna, (10) bhava, (11) jAti, aura (12) jarAmaraNa / ina sabakA sambandha bhUta, vartamAna evaM bhaviSya ke sAtha hai| ina AryasatyoM kA nirodha karane ke lie avidyA kA nirodha atyAvazyaka hai, kyoMki kevala avidyA hI ina dvAdaza nidAnoM kI jar3a hai| isa sandarbha meM duHkha-nirodha-mArga ko carcA karate hue buddha ne madhyama pratipadA kA mArga batalAyA hai jo aSTAMgamArga se bhI jAnA jAtA hai / yaha aSTAMga mArga isa prakAra hai--(1) samyagdRSTi, (2) samyaksaMkalpa, (3) samyakvacana, (4) samyakkarmAnta, (5) samyakAjIva, (6) samyakavyAyAma, (7) samyaksmRti, tathA (8) samyakasamAdhi / ina mArgoM ke samyak sevana se prajJA kA udaya hotA hai evaM nirvANa prApta hotA hai| samyagjJAna kI prApti ke tIna sAdhana batalAye gaye haiM--zola,samAdhi aura prajJA / zIla arthAt sAtvika karma jinakA pAlana bhikSu-bhikSuNI evaM zrAvakoM ke lie anivArya hai|' ahiMsA, asteya, satya, brahmacarya tathA vyasana-nirodha ko paMcazIla kahA gayA hai| ye paMcazIla AcAra-vicAra ko niyantrita evaM zuddha karate haiM, jo bodhi-lAbha karanevAle sAdhaka ke lie Avazyaka haiN| ina paMcazIloM ke sAtha-sAtha bhikSu-bhikSuNiyoM ke lie aparAhna meM bhojana karane kA tyAga, mAlA dhAraNa na karanA, saMgIta se paraheja, suvarNa-rajata ke vyAmoha kA tyAga tathA mahAgha zayyA kA bhI parityAga karanA Avazyaka hai| 1. vizuddhimArga, bhAga 2, pariccheda 16, pR0 105 2. vizuddhimArga, bhAga 2, pariccheda 17, pR0 129 3. vizuddhimArga, bhAga 2, pariccheda 16, pR0 121. 4. dIghanikAya, pR0 24-33

Page #67
jaina yoga kA AlocanAtmaka adhyayana isa prakAra saMyamapUrNa AcAra-vicAra kI anivAryatA pratipAdita karate hue buddha ne zIla, samAdhi evaM prajJA kA vidhAna kiyA hai, jo yoga kehI srota haiM / inake atirikta yoga-sAdhanA ke vibhinna aMgopAMgoM kI vistRta carcA 'milindaprazna' meM hai / ' bauddha yoga meM yadyapi pAtaMjala yoga kI bhA~ti vyavasthita evaM kramabaddha yoga kI carcA nahIM huI hai, tathApi buddha ne bodhiprApti ke lie jo-jo upAya batalAye haiM, ve nizcaya hI AdhyAtmika athavA yoga mArga ke sopAna haiM / 36 1 milindaprazna, 6 / 1 / 1

Page #68
jaina yoga-sAhitya prastuta prakaraNa meM kevala jaina yoga sambandhI pramukha granthoM kA saMkSipta vivaraNa prastuta hai, tAki jaina yoga kI paramparA evaM vikAsakrama kA paricaya prApta ho ske| jaina yoga kI maulikatA, vyApakatA tathA vividhatA para vizeSa vicAra tRtIya adhyAya meM kiyA gayA hai| bhAratIya vAGmaya meM yoga viSayaka UrjasvI vitrAra apane mUlarUpa meM atyanta prAcIna haiN| atharvaveda meM yoga dvArA prApta alaukika zaktiyoM kA varNana, kaTha-taittirIyAdi upaniSadoM meM 'yoga' kI paribhASA, mahAbhArata, gItA tathA bauddha graMthoM meM varNita yoga viSayaka pracura sAmagrI ko dekhakara yoga-darzana evaM sAdhanA kI ativyApakatA evaM prAcInatA kA anumAna sahaja hI laga jAtA hai| 'yoga-vidyA' ke pravartakoM meM maharSi pataMjali agragaNya evaM pradhAna AcArya haiM, jinhoMne aneka prAcIna granthoM meM bikhare hue yoga sambandhI vicAroM ko apanI asAdhAraNa pratibhA tathA prayogoM dvArA sajA-sa~vAra kara 'yogadarzana' grantha kA praNayana kiyaa| yaha grantha unakI asAdhAraNa pratibhA tathA gambhIra medhAzakti kA paricAyaka hai| jaina paramparA meM sarvaprathama, (I0 8vIM zatI meM) haribhadrasUri ne 'yoga' zabda kA prayoga AdhyAtmika artha meM kiyA hai| 'yoga' zabda ke samAnArthaka saMvara, dhyAna, tapa Adi zabda AgamoM meM milate haiN| AgamoM meM dhyAna ke bheda-prabheda tathA AcAra-saMhitA Adi kA vistRta varNana upalabdha hai| AgamoM meM yoga se sambandhita viSayoM kA vizada varNana niyukti meM milatA hai| inameM dhyAna ke sAtha kAyotsarga tapa kA vizeSa rUpa se varNana hai| 1. sthAnAMgasUtra, 411; bhagavatIsUtra, 25 / 7 samavAyAMgasUtra, 4 uttarAdhyayanasUtra, 30 / 35 2. Avazyakaniyukti, 1462-1486

Page #69
38 jaina yoga kA AlocanAtmaka adhyayana dhyAnazataka' . jaina yoga viSayaka prAcIna grantha 'dhyAnazataka' hai| isake racayitA jinabhadragaNi kSamAzramaNa ( I0 sAtavIM zatI) haiM / yaha grantha Agama-zailI meM likhA gayA hai| isameM dhyAna ke cAroM prakAroM kA varNana hai| prathama do dhyAna Arta aura raudra kaSAya tathA vAsanAoM ko bar3hAte haiM, tathA anya do dhyAna dharma aura zukla mokSa ke kAraNabhUta haiN| dharmadhyAna mokSa kA sIdhA kAraNa nahIM hai| vaha zukladhyAna kA sahayogI mAtra hai| zukladhyAna mokSa kA sIdhA kAraNa hai / isa graMtha meM batAyA gayA hai ki jIva ko kaSAyeM, vAsanAe~ evaM lezyAeM kaise bA~dhatI haiN| isameM Asana, prANAyAma, anuprekSAoM kA bhI varNana hai / mokSapAhuDa isa grantha ke praNetA AcArya kundakunda haiN| inakA samaya anumAnataH I0 pU0 dvitIya zatAbdI ke AsapAsa hai| mokSapAhuDa meM 106 gAthAe~ haiN| isameM jaina yoga sambandhI bahuta mahattvapUrNa bAtoM kA varNana hai| isa choTe-se grantha meM AtmA ke vibhinna svarUpoM kA paricaya karAte hae batAyA hai ki mithyAtva ke kAraNa jIva kI kaisI dazA hotI hai| AtmadhyAna meM pravRtta hone ke lie kaSAyoM ke AvaraNa ko haTAne kA upadeza hai, kyoMki isameM sabhI AsravoM kA nirodha hotA hai aura saMvara-nirjarA se saMcita karmoM kA kSaya hotA hai / muni ke lie pAMca mahAvata, tIna gupti, pA~ca samiti Adi cAritra kA bhI varNana hai| bahuta se yogI viSaya-vAsanA se mohita hokara tapobhraSTa ho jAte haiM, ataH yogI muni ko dhyAna-sAdhanA meM sAvadhAna rahane ke lie kahA hai| isameM zrAvaka-dharma kA bhI varNana hai| yathArthataH yaha racanA yoga-zataka rUpa se likhI gayI pratIta hotI hai aura isako 'yogapAhuDa' bhI kahA jA sakatA hai| pAtaMjala yoga-darzana meM yoga ke jina yama-niyamAdi ATha aMgoM kA nirUpaNa hai, unameM se prANAyAma ko 1. isa para haribhadra kI TIkA hai| 2. zuklazucinirmalaM zakalakarmamalakSayahetutvAt / -yogazAstraprakAza 4, zloka 15, svopajJa vivaraNa: 3. svAmikAtikeyAnuprekSA, prastAvanA, pR0 70

Page #70
baina yoma-sAhitya chor3a, zeSa sAta kA viSaya yahA~ sphuTa rUpa se jaina paramparAnusAra pAyA jAtA hai|' samAdhitantra __ yaha bhI kundakundAcArya kI racanA hai| isameM dhyAna tathA bhAvanA kA nirUpaNa hai / isa para parvatadharma aura nAthUmala racita do TIkAe~ bhI thIM, jo anupalabdha haiN| tatvArthasUtra __ isa grantha ke praNetA AcArya umAsvAti yA umAsvAmI haiN| inakA samaya vikrama kI pahalI se cauthI zatI ke bIca meM AMkA jAtA hai| isa grantha meM jainadarzana kA pUrNarUpeNa samAveza huA hai| isa grantha para zvetAmbara aura digambara donoM AmnAyoM ke AcAryoM ne aneka TIkAe~ athavA bhASya likhe haiN| yaha mokSa-mArga pratipAdaka eka anUThA sUtragrantha hai| isameM dasa adhyAya haiN| pahale adhyAya meM jJAna-kriyA kA varNana hai| dUsare se lekara pAMcaveM adhyAya taka jJeya kA aura chaThe se lekara dasaveM taka cAritra kA varNana hai| yoga-nirUpaNa meM prAyaH cAritra kA hI varNana hotA hai, kyoMki cAritra ke pAlana se hI AdhyAtmika vikAsa hotA hai| iSTopadeza yoga viSayaka AcArya pUjyapAdakRta jo do saMskRta racanAe~ ullekhanIya haiM, unameM eka iSTopadeza hai| AcArya pUjyapAda kA samaya vikrama kI pA~cavIM-chaThI zatI hai / iSTopadeza 51 zlokoM kI choTI-sI racanA 1. DA. hIrAlAla jaina, bhAratIya saMskRti meM jainadharma kA yogadAna, pR0 116 2. isa nAma se pUjyapAda evaM yazovijayagaNi kI bhI racanAe~ prApta haiM / -jinaratnakoza, pR0421 3. vhii| 4. tattvArthasUtra ( paM0 sukhalAla-vivecana ), prastAvanA, pR0 9 5. vizeSa ke lie dekhie, vhii| 6. AzAdhara-TIkA, anuvAdaka-dhanyakumAra tathA campatarAya, prakAzaka-rAyacandra jaina zAnamAlA, bambaI, 1954 7. iSTopadeza, pR06

Page #71
Yo jaina yoga kA AlocanAtmaka adhyayana hai| isameM yoga ke nirUpaNa ke sAtha-sAtha sAdhaka kI una bhAvanAoM kA ullekha bhI hai, jinake cintana se vaha apanI caMcala vRttiyoM ko taja kara adhyAtmamArga meM lIna hotA hai tathA bAhya vyavahAroM kA nirodha karake AtmAnuSThAna meM sthira hokara paramAnanda kI prApti karatA hai| samAdhizataka' pUjyapAda kA yoga se sambandhita yaha dUsarA grantha hai| isameM 105 zloka haiM, jinameM AtmA kI tIna avasthAoM ( bahirAtmA, antarAtmA, paramAtmA) kA varNana hai| dhyAna-sAdhanA meM avidyA, abhyAsa evaM saMskAra ke kAraNa athavA mohotpanna rAga-dveSa dvArA citta meM vikSepa utpatra hone para sAdhaka ko prayatnapUrvaka mana ko khIMcakara Atmatattva meM niyojita karane kA upadeza diyA gayA hai / isa choTe-se kintu mahattvapUrNa grantha meM dhyAna tathA samAdhi dvArA Atmatattva ko pahacAnane ke upAyoM kA sundara vivecana hai| viSaya ko dRSTi se isakA kundakundakRta mokSapAhaDa se bahata-kucha sAmya ke atirikta usakI aneka gAthAoM kA zabdazaH athavA kiMcit bheda-sahita anuvAda pAyA jAtA hai| isa para prabhAcandra, parvatadharma tathA dazacandra kI TIkAe~ aura meghacandra kI eka vRtti bhI milatI hai| paramAtmaprakAza isa apabhraMza grantha ke racayitA yogIndudeva haiN| DA. hIrAlAla . yaha kRti sanAtana jaina granthamAlA ne san 1905 meM; phatehacanda dehalI ne vi0 saM0 1978 meM tathA aMgrejI anuvAda ke sAtha ema0 ena0 dvivedI ne ahamadAbAda se san 1895 meM prakAzita kI hai| marAThI anuvAda ke sAtha isakI dvitIya AvRtti Ara0 ena0 zAha ne zolApura se san 1940 meM prakAzita kI hai| 2. bhAratIya saMskRti meM jainadharma kA yogadAna, pR0 120 3. jaina sAhitya kA bRhad itihAsa, bhAga 4, pR0 258 4. paramAtmaprakAza aura yogasAra, rAyacandra jaina granthamAlA, bambaI, I0 san 1915, saMpAdaka DA0 e0 ena0 upAdhye, I* san 1937; dUsarA saMskaraNa, I0 sa0 1960

Page #72
jaina yoga - sAhitya 41 jaina aura DaoN0 e0 ena0 upAdhye ke anusAra isa grantha kA samaya anumAnataH I0 chaThI zatAbdI hai / paramAtmaprakAza para aneka TIkAe~ racI gayI haiM, jinameM brahmadeva, bAlacandra, paNDita daulatarAmajI tathA munibhadrasvAmI ( kAnar3I kI TIkA ) pramukha haiM / isa pustaka meM mAnasika doSoM ke parihAra ke upAya evaM trividha AtmA ke sambandha meM samucita vivecana kiyA gayA hai / isa grantha meM 345 dohe haiM / paramAtmaprakAza ke kucha dohe AcArya hemacandra ke prAkRta vyAkaraNa meM uddhRta haiM / yogasAra yaha bhI yogIndudeva kI hI apabhraMza bhASA kI choTI-sI 107 dohoM kI racanA hai / ina dohoM ke mAdhyama se AdhyAtmika gUDha tattvoM kA sundara vizleSaNa huA hai / isa grantha para indranandI kI TIkA hai| yogasAra nAma ke anya grantha bhI haiM, jinakA ullekha Age AyegA / haribhadra kI yoga viSayaka racanAe~ AcArya haribhadra kA samaya I0 san 757 se 827 taka hai / yoga sambandhI unakI chaha racanAe~ isa prakAra haiM : (1) yogazataka, (2) brahmasiddhAntasAra, (3) yogaviMzikA, (4) yoga dRSTi samuccaya, (5) yogabindu aura (6) SoDazaka / inameM se yogazataka aura yogavizikA prAkRta meM haiM evaM zeSa kRtiyA~ saMskRta meM haiM / yahA~ saMkSepa meM AcArya haribhadra kI racanAoM kA paricaya diyA jA rahA hai / 3 (a) yogazataka - 101 prAkRta gAthAoM ke isa grantha ke prArambha meM hI nizcaya aura vyavahAra yoga kA svarUpa nirUpita hai | gAthA 38 se 50 1. DA0 hIrAlAla jaina, bhAratIya saMskRti meM jainadharma kA yogadAna, pR0 118 2. paramAtmaprakAza tathA yogasAra, sampAdaka e0 ena0 upAdhye, prakAzaka paramazruta prabhAvaka maNDala, bambaI, 1937, pR0 115 1. yaha grantha san 1965 meM svopajJavRtti tathA brahmasiddhAntasamuccaya ke sAtha lAlabhAI dalapatabhAI bhAratIya saMskRti vidyAmandira, ahamadAbAda se prakAzita huA hai / DA0 indukalA jhaverI dvArA sampAdita yogazataka hindI anuvAda ke sAtha gujarAta vidyAsabhA, ahamadAbAda se san 1959 meM prakAzita huA hai /

Page #73
42 jaina yoga kA AlocanAtmaka adhyayana taka sAdhaka ke AdhyAtmika vikAsa ke upAya barNita haiN| gAthA 59 se 80 taka batAyA gayA hai ki citta ko sthira karane ke lie sAdhaka ko kisa taraha apane rAgAdi doSa tathA pariNAmoM kA cintana karanA caahie| inameM zayana, Asana, AhAra tathA yogoM se prApta labdhiyoM kA bhI varNana hai / isa taraha yoga kA svarUpa, yogAdhikArI ke lakSaNa evaM dhyAnarUpa yogAvasthA kA sAmAnya varNana jaina- paramparAnusAra kiyA gayA hai / (A) brahmasiddhAntasAra - isa grantha meM 423 zloka haiM, jinameM brahmAdi siddhAntoM kA varNana jaina yogAnusAra kiyA gayA hai / isa grantha meM sarva darzanoM kA samanvayavAlA aMza atyanta mahattvapUrNa hai / (i) yogavizikA' - yaha 20 gAthAoM kI choTI-sI racanA hai jisameM ati saMkSipta rUpa se yoga kI vikasita avasthAoM kA nirUpaNa hai, jinameM kucha naye pAribhASika zabda haiM / haribhadra ne isa grantha meM AcAraniSTha evaM cAritra sampanna vyakti ko yoga kA adhikArI mAnA hai aura mokSa ke sAtha sambandha jor3anevAle dharmavyApAroM ko yoga kahA hai| yoga ke ina pA~ca bhedoM kA varNana bhI hai - sthAna, UrNa, artha, Alambana tathA anA - lambana / isa grantha meM caityavandana kI kriyA kA mahattva bhI varNita hai / inake atirikta icchA, pravRtti, sthiratA evaM siddhi ina cAra yamoM evaM prIti, bhakti, vacana aura asaMga anuSThAnoM kA bhI varNana hai / isa para yazovijayajI kI eka TIkA bhI hai| 2 (I) yogadRSTisamuccaya - isameM 227 saMskRta padya haiM, jinameM AdhyA 1. (ka) paM0 sukhalAlajI dvArA sampAdita yaha grantha zrI jaina AtmAnanda mahAsabhA, bhAvanagara se san 1922 meM prakAzita ho cukA hai / (kha) RSabhadevajI kesarImalajI zvetAmbara saMsthA, ratalAma se san 1927meM prakAzita / (ga) pro0 ke0 vI0 abhyaMkara dvArA sampAdita, san 1932 pUnA se prakAzita | (gha) zrI buddhisAgarasUri jaina jJAnamandira, bIjApura ( uttara gujarAta ) dvArA vi0 saM0 1997 meM prakAzita / 2. yaha kRti svopajJavRtti ke sAtha devacanda lAlabhAI jaina pustakoddhAra saMsthA, sUrata se san 1911 meM prakAzita huI hai / tArAcanda mehatA dvArA sampAdita yogadRSTisamuccaya savivecana bambaI se san 1950 meM prakAzita /

Page #74
jaina yoga - sAhitya 43 "tmika vikAsa kI bhUmikAoM kA tIna prakAra se vargIkaraNa kiyA gayA hai aura unameM apanI kucha navIna vizeSatAoM ke sAtha yogabindu meM varNita viSayoM kI punarAvRtti bhI kI gayI hai| yogabindu meM varNita pUrvasevA kA varNana isameM yogabIja rUpa se huA hai / yahA~ AdhyAtmika vikAsa kI bhUmikAoM kA tIna prakAra se vargIkaraNa kiyA gayA hai / prathama prakAra jise yogadRSTi kahate haiM, isameM yoga kI prArambhika avasthA se lekara usake anta taka kI bhUmikAoM ko kramazaH dikhalAyA gayA hai / ve ATha dRSTiyA~ isa prakAra haiM- mitrA, tArA, balA, dIprA, sthirA, kAntA, prabhA aura parA / dUsare prakAra ke vargIkaraNa ke antargata icchAyoga, zAstrayoga evaM sAmarthyayoga kA samAveza kiyA gayA hai / tRtIya vargIkaraNa ke antargata yogAdhikArI ke rUpa meM gotrayogI, kulayogI, pravRttacakrayogI aura siddhayogI kA varNana hai / prathama vargIkaraNa meM nirdiSTa ATha yogadRSTiyoM meM hI 14 guNasthAnoM kI yojanA kara lI gayI hai / isa grantha para svayaM granthakAra ne eka svopajJavRtti racI hai, jo 1975 zlokapramANa hai / isa grantha para eka aura vRtti kI racanA huI hai jisake lekhaka somasundarasUri ke ziSya sAdhurAjagaNi haiM / yaha grantha 405 zlokapramANa hai / ' dhyAtavya hai ki ukta ATha yogadRSTiyoM ( mitrA, tArA, balA Adi ) para yazovijayajI ne cAra dvAtriMzikAe~ bhI likhI haiM aura gujarAtI meM yo dRSTinI sajjhAya nAmaka choTI-sI pustaka likhI hai / ina dRSTiyoM kI samucita vivecanA jainadRSTie yoga ( gujarAtI bhASA ) tathA adhyAtmatattvAloka ( saMskRta ) meM kramaza: motIcanda kApar3iyA aura muni nyAyavijayajI ne kI hai / ( u ) yogabindu - haribhadra ke isa grantha meM 527 saMskRta padya haiM, 1. jaina sAhitya kA bRhad itihAsa, bhA0 4, pR0 237 2. yogabindu, haribhadrIya svopajJaTIkA, sampAdaka, DA0 ela0 suAli, prakAzaka - jainadharmaM prasAraka sabhA, bhAvanagara, san 1911; jaina grantha prasAraka sabhA, bhAvanagara, san 1940 ; buddhisAgara jaina jJAnamandira, sukhasAgara graMthamAlA, tRtIya prakAzana, san 1950

Page #75
jaina yoga kA AlocanAtmaka adhyayana jinameM jaina yoga ke vistRta prarUpaNa ke sAtha-sAtha anya paramparAsammata yoga kI bhI carcA hai aura una yogoM ke sAtha jaina yoga kI samAlocanA 'bhI kI gayI hai / yogAdhikAriyoM ke sambandha meM batalAyA gayA hai ki ce do prakAra ke hote haiM : (1) caramAvartI tathA (2) acaramAvartI / caramAvartI yogI hI mokSa ke adhikArI haiM / vibhinna prakAra ke jIva ke bhedoM ke antargata apunarbandhaka, samyagdRSTi athavA bhinna granthi, dezavirati tathA sarvavirati kI carcA kI gayI hai / pUrvasevA ke sandarbha meM yogAdhikAra prApti ke vividha apekSita AcAra-vicAroM kA varNana hai / AdhyAtmika vikAsa ke kramazaH adhyAtma, bhAvanA, dhyAna, samatA aura vRttisaMkSepa- ina pA~ca bhedoM kA nirdeza hai, jinake samyak pAlana se karmakSaya hotA hai tathA mukti prApta hotI hai / pratyeka yogAdhikArI ke anuSThAna kI - koTiyoM kA varNana bhI hai, jinheM lekhaka ne viSa, garala, sad-asad anuSThAna, taddhetu aura amRtAnuSThAna dvArA nirdiSTa kiyA hai / 44 (U) SoDazaka' - isa grantha ke kucha hI prakaraNa yoga viSayaka haiM | - grantha ke caudahaveM prakaraNa meM yoga-sAdhanA meM bAdhaka kheda, udva ega, kSepa, utthAna, bhrAnti, anyamud, rug aura AsaMga ina ATha citta doSoM kA varNana kiyA gayA hai / solahaveM prakaraNa meM ukta ATha doSoM ke pratipakSI adveSa, jijJAsA, zuzrUSA, zravaNa, bodha, mImAMsA, pratipatti aura pravRttiina ATha citta-guNoM kA nirUpaNa hai / yogasAdhanA dvArA kramazaH svAnubhUti - rUpa paramAnanda kI prApti kA nirUpaNa hai / isa grantha para yogadIpikA nAma kI eka vRtti hai jisake lekhaka yazovijayagaNi haiM / isa para yazobhadrasUri kA vivaraNa bhI hai / -AtmAnuzAsana ra AcArya guNabhadra kI saMskRta zlokoM kI yaha kRti yogAbhyAsa kI 1. yazobhadrasUri ke vivaraNa sahita, RSabhadevajI kesarImalajI jaina zvetAmbara saMsthA, ratalAma, vIra ni0 saM0 2462 2. AtmAnuzAsana, TIkAkAra evaM aMgrejI anuvAdaka je0 ela0 jainI, saikreDa buksa oNpha di jainAja granthamAlA, I0 san 1928; paM0 ToDaramalla racita TIkA ke sAtha, saMpAdaka indralAla zAstrI, mallisAgara di0 jaina granthamAlA, jayapura, vIra ni0 saM0 2482

Page #76
jaina yoga-sAhitya 45. pUrvapIThikA hai| isameM batAyA gayA hai ki mana ko bAhya viSayoM se haTAkara AtmadhyAna kI ora prerita karanA caahie| isa grantha kA racanA-kAla I0 9vIM zatAbdI kA madhyabhAga hai| yogAsAraprAbhRta* ___isa saMskRta grantha ke racayitA muni amitagati haiM, jisameM 540 zloka haiN| racanA-kAla I0 10vIM zatAbdI hai| isameM 9 adhikAra haiM--(1) jIva, (2) ajIva, (3) Asrava, (4) bandha, (1) saMvara, (6) nirjarA, (7) mokSa, (8) cAritra, evaM (9) cUlikA / isa grantha meM yogasambandhI apekSita viSaya kA vistRta varNana hai| inake atirikta jIva-karma kA sambandha, jIva-karma ke kAraNa, karma se chUTane ke upAya, dhyAna, cAritra Adi kA bhI varNana hai| anta meM mokSa ke sambandha meM bhI prakAza DAlA gayA hai / muni evaM zrAvaka ke vratoM kI bhI carcA hai| jJAnasAra yaha yogaparaka eka nAtidIrgha mahattvapUrNa prAkRta grantha hai| isameM kula 63 gAthAeM haiN| isake racayitA muni padmanandi haiM jinakA samaya vikrama saM0 1086 hai| yadyapi isa grantha ke varNyaviSaya jJAnArNava ke hI anusAra haiM aura isame dhyAna ke bheda-prabheda, vividha prakAra ke mantra evaM japa, zubha-azubha ke phala Adi kA varNana huA hai; tathApi ina viSayoM ke pratipAdana meM rocakatA evaM spaSTatA adhika hai| dhyAnazAstra athavA tattvAnuzAsana . isa grantha ke lekhaka rAmasenAcArya haiM, jinakA samaya vikrama kI 10vIM 1. bhAratIya saMskRti meM jainadharma kA yogadAna, pR0 121 2. (a) hindI anuvAda ke sAtha pannAlAla bAkalIvAla dvArA sampAdita, kala kattA, prathama saMskaraNa, 1918 (ba) bhASya ke sAtha jugalakizora mustAra dvArA sampAdita, bhAratIya jJAna pITha, vArANasI, san 1969 3. sampAdaka, mUlacanda kisanadAsa kApar3iyA, digambara jaina pustakAlaya, kApa DiyA bhavana, sUrata, vIra ni0 saM0 2470 4. (a) mANikacandra digambara jaina granthamAlA, zolApura, prathama saMskaraNa, vi0 saM0 1975

Page #77
jaina yoga kA AlocanAtmaka adhyayana zatAbdI hai|' isa grantha kA pratipAdya viSaya mukhyataH dhyAna hai aura dhyAna ke naimittika evaM sahAyaka tattvoM kA vizleSaNa-vivecana bhI haiN| mokSa-prApti ke lie samyagdarzana, samyagjJAna evaM samyakacAritra kI anivAryatA nirUpita hai| mana ko ekAgratA ke lie dhyAna kA mahattva batalAyA gayA hai, isalie dhyAna ke bhedoM kA vizeSa varNana hai / mantra, japa, Asana Adi kA bhI varNana hai| pAhuDadohA" isa grantha ke racayitA muni rAmasiMha haiN| DA0 hIrAlAla jaina ke anusAra inakA samaya I0 san 933 aura 1100 ke bIca arthAt 1000 ke AsapAsa honA cAhie / yadyapi isa grantha kA pratipAdya yogindudevakRta paramAtmaprakAza aura yogasAra se sAmya rakhatA hai, tathApi isa grantha meM bahuta se aise dohe haiM jinameM bAhya kriyAkANDa kI niSphalatA tathA AtmasaMyama aura Atmadarzana meM hI sacce kalyANa kA upadeza hai| jhUThe jogiyoM ko khUba phaTakArA gayA hai| isameM yoga evaM tantra sambandhI pAribhASika zabdoM ke bhI darzana hote haiM, jaise ziva, zakti, dehadevalI, saguNa-nirguNa, dakSiNa-madhya Adi / isa grantha meM 222 dohe haiM / yaha apabhraza bhASA meM hai| jJAnArNava AcArya zubhacandrakRta isa grantha ke do anya nAma bhI milate haiM (ba) sampAdaka, jugalakizora mukhtAra, vIra sevA mandira TrasTa, dillI, san, 1963 1. tattvAnuzAsana, prastAvanA, pR0 34 2. sampAdaka, DA. hIrAlAla jaina, kAraMjA jaina pablikezana kAraMjA, san 1933 3. bhAratIya saMskRti meM jainadharma kA yogadAna, pR0 119 4. (a) rAyacanda jaina granthamAlA, bambaI, I0 saM0 1907 isa grantha para tIna TIkAeM prApta hotI haiM, jinake TIkAkAra haiM zrutasAgara, namavilAsa aura ajJAta / (A) jaina saMskRti saMrakSaka saMgha, zolApura, I0 sa0 1977, zrI paM0 bAlacandajI zAstrI dvArA sampAdita saMskaraNa / ..

Page #78
jaina yoga - sAhitya yathA yogArNava athavA yogapradIpa / ye sambhavataH rAjA bhoja ke kAla meM arthAt vikrama kI 12vIM zatI meM hue haiN|' isa grantha meM 39 prakaraNa aura 2230 zloka haiM / yaha eka utkRSTa yogaparaka grantha hai / isameM bAraha bhAvanAoM ke svarUpa, saMsArabandhana ke kAraNa, kaSAya, mana ke viSaya, AtmA evaM bAhya padArthoM ke sambandha, yama, niyama, Asana, prANAyAma Adi kA vistRta evaM suspaSTa varNana hai / dhyAna evaM dhyAna ke bhedoM kA vizeSa vizleSaNa - vivecana hai; sAtha hI mantra, japa, zubha-azubha, zakuna, nAr3I Adi viSayoM para bhI prakAza DAlA gayA hai / yogazAstra athavA adhyAtmopaniSad * yaha grantha 12vIM zatAbdI ke kalikAlasarvajJa AcArya hemacandrakRta hai / vastutaH yaha yogazAstra kA eka bahucarcita grantha hai, jo eka hajAra zloka -pramANa hai / isa para unakI eka svopajJavRtti bhI hai, jisake dvArA yogazAstra ke hI viSayoM ko kathAoM evaM dRSTAntoM ke mAdhyama se aura adhika spaSTa kiyA gayA hai / yaha vRtti bAraha hajAra zlokapramANa hai / yogazAstra para jJAnArNava kA atyadhika prabhAva parilakSita hotA hai / yogazAstra meM bAraha prakAza athavA adhyAya haiM / prathama se tRtIya adhyAya taka sAdhu evaM gRhasthoM ke AcAroM kA nirUpaNa hai / cauthe adhyAya meM kaSAyoM para vijaya pAne tathA samatAvRtti ke svarUpAdi kA varNana hai / 1. bhAratIya saMskRti meM jainadharma kA yogadAna, pR0 121 ; jaina grantha aura granthakAra, pR0 30 2. ( a ) hemacandrIya svopajJavRtti, prakAzaka eziyATika sosAiTI, kalakattA, san 1921 (A) svopajJavRtti sahita, jainadharma prasAraka sabhA, bhAvanagara, I0 1926, (i) sampAdaka muni samadarzI, RSabha jauharI, dillI, san 1963 (I) gujarAtI bhASA meM anUdita evaM sampAdita, jagajIvanadAsa, bambaI, san 1941 (u) go0 jI0 paTela dvArA sampAdita, ahamadAbAda, san 1938 (U) isa para indranandI kI eka TIkA prApta hai jo kAraMjA ke granthabhaNDAra meM surakSita hai / isakA samaya vi0 saM0 1180 hai | (R) isa para dUsarI TIkA saMvat 1334 meM likhI huI devapattana meM prApta hai /

Page #79
48 jaina yoga kA AlocanAtmaka adhyayana pA~caveM adhyAya meM prANAyAma kA viSaya hai aura batAyA gayA hai ki prANAyAma mokSa - sAdhanA ke lie anAvazyaka hai / chaThe adhyAya meM parakAyApraveza, pratyAhAra evaM dhAraNA ke svarUpa aura unake phaloM kA varNana hai / sAta se dasaveM adhyAya taka Artta, raudra aura dharmadhyAna ke sambandha meM vistRta carcA hai / gyArahaveM evaM bArahaveM adhyAya meM kramazaH zukladhyAna tathA svAnubhava ke AdhAra para yoga kA samyak vivecana hai / adhyAtmarahasya athavA yogoddIpana' yogaviSayaka isa grantha ke racayitA paM0 AzAdharajI haiM / unhoMne vi0 saM0 1300 meM apane anagAradharmAmRta grantha kI svopajJaTIkA pUrI kI aura usameM isa grantha kA ullekha kiyA hai / ataeva usase kucha samaya pahale hI isa grantha kI racanA huI hogI / isa grantha kI padasaMkhyA 72 hai| isa grantha meM vizeSataH adhyAtmayoga kI carcA hai aura usake sandarbha meM hI AtmA evaM paramAtmA se sambandha rakhanevAle gUr3ha tattvoM kA bhI varNana hai / avAntara rUpa meM karma, dhyAna Adi viSayoM kA bhI vivecana hai | yogasAra # vikrama kI 12vIM zatI ke pUrva vinirmita yaha grantha ajJAtakartRka hai / isa grantha meM kula 106 saMskRta padya haiM, jinameM pA~ca prastAvoM ke vidhAna haiM, yathA -- (1) yathAvasthita devasvarUpopadeza, (2) tattvasAra dharmopadeza, (3) sAmyopadeza, (4) satvopadeza aura ( 5 ) bhAvazuddhijanakopadeza / yogapradIpa * isa saMskRta graMtha ke praNetA kA nAma evaM unakA samaya ajJAta hai / 1. jugalakizora mukhtAra dvArA sampAdita, vIra sevA mandira, dillI, san 1957 2. adhyAtma rahasya, prastAvanA, pR0 34 3. gujarAtI anuvAda amRtalAla kAlIdAsa dozI, jaina vikAsa sAhitya maNDala, bambaI, san 1968 4. ( a ) sampAdaka jItamuni, jodhapura, vIra ni0 saM0 2448 (A) prakAzaka- jaina sAhitya vikAsa maNDala, bambaI, I0 san 1960

Page #80
jaina yoga - sAhitya 49 isameM kula 143 zloka haiM, jinameM paramAtmA ke sAtha zuddha milana, paramapada kI prApti Adi kI vistRta carcA hai / prasaMgavaza unmanIbhAva, samarasatA, rUpAtIta dhyAna, sAmAyika, zukladhyAna, anAhatanAda. nirAkAra dhyAna Adi viSayoM kA pratipAdana bhI hai| yazovijayakRta yogaparaka grantha yazovijayajI kA samaya I0 18vIM zatAbdI hai / inhoMne adhyAtmasAra, adhyAtmopaniSad, yogAvatAra battIsI, pAtaMjala yogasUtravRtti, yogaviMzikA kI TIkA tathA yogadRSTinI sajjhAyamAlA kI racanA kI hai / ina granthoM meM inhoMne yogasambandhI bahuta sI bAtoM kA vivecana va spaSTIkaraNa kiyA hai| racanAoM kA saMkSipta paricaya yahA~ diyA jA rahA hai / 1. adhyAtmasAra ' - yaha grantha sAta prakaraNoM meM vibhakta hai / yogAdhikAra evaM dhyAnAdhikAra prakaraNa meM mukhyataH gItA evaM pAtaMjala yogasUtra ke viSayoM ke sandarbha meM jaina yoga-paramparA ke prasiddha dhyAna ke bhedoM kA samanvayAtmaka vivecana hai / isa dRSTi se isa grantha kI upayogitA svayaMsiddha hai / 2. adhyAtmopaniSad - isa grantha meM zAstrayoga, jJAnayoga, kriyAyoga aura sAmyayoga para samucita prakAza DAlA gayA hai aura aupaniSadika evaM yogavAsiSTha kI uddharaNiyoM ke sAtha jaina darzana kI tAttvika samAnatA dikhalAyI gayI hai / 3. yogAvatAra battIsI' - isa grantha meM 32 prakaraNa haiM jinameM AcArya haribhadra ke yoga-granthoM kI hI vistRta evaM spaSTa vyAkhyA pratipAdita hai | 4 4. pAtaMjalayogasUtra evaM yogavizikA -- pAtaMjalayogasUtra ke sandarbha meM jaina yoga kA vizleSaNa evaM vivecana isa grantha kA pratipAdya hai / 1. zrI yazovijayagaNi, prakAzaka, kezarabAI jJAna bhaNDAra sthApaka, jAmanagara vi0 saM0 1994 2 . vahI 3. saTIka, prakAzaka- jainadharma prasAraka sabhA, bhAvanagara, vi0 saM0 1966 4. sampAdaka - paM0 sukhalAla, prakAzaka- jaina AtmAnanda sabhA, bhAvanagara, san 1922

Page #81
jaina yoga kA AlocanAtmaka adhyayane prasaMgavaza donoM paramparAoM ke yogoM meM samAnatA evaM asamAnatA para bhI prakAza DAlA gayA hai| yogavizikA meM yogasUtragata samAdhi kI tulanA jaina dhyAna se kI gayI hai| ___5. yogadRSTinI sajjhAyamAlA-yaha gujarAtI bhASA kI racanA hai| yogadRSTisamuccaya meM pratipAdita ATha dRSTiyoM kA hI samyak vivecana prastuta karanA isa kA pratipAdya hai / dhyAnadIpikA yaha devendranandi kI vi0 saM0 1766 meM likhI gujarAtI racanA hai| chaha khaNDoM meM vibhakta isa kRti meM bArahabhAvanA, ratnatraya, mahAvrata, dhyAna, mantra tathA syAdvAda kA nirUpaNa hai| dhyAnavicAra: isakI hastalikhita prati pATana ke zAstra-bhaNDAra meM hai| yaha gadyAtmaka hai / isameM bhAvanA, dhyAna, anuprekSA, bhAvanAyoga, kAyayoga evaM dhyAna ke 24 bhedoM kA vivecana hai| vairAgyazataka' yaha dhanadarAja kI kRti hai| isameM 108 padya haiM / dUsare zloka meM isa grantha ko zamazataka bhI kahA gayA hai / isameM yoga, kAla kI karAlatA, viSayoM kI viDambanA aura vairAgyapoSaka tattvoM kA nirUpaNa hai| adhyAtmakamalamArtaNDa' kavi rAjamalla viracita isa grantha meM 200 zloka haiN| isameM cAra pariccheda tathA mokSamArga, dravya-lakSaNa, dravya-vizeSa aura jIvAdi sAta tattvoM kA nirUpaNa hai| 1. adhyAtmajJAna prasAraka maNDala dvArA san 1929 meM prakAzita / 2. yaha grantha jaina sAhitya vikAsa maNDala, bambaI se san 1961 meM prakAzita huA hai| 3. jaina sAhitya kA bRhad itihAsa, bhA0 4, pR0 223 4. yaha kRti mANikacandra digambara jaina granthamAlA se vi0 saM0 1993 meM prakAzita hai|

Page #82
jaina yoga-sAhitya adhyAtmatattvAloka' isa grantha ke racayitA muni nyAyavijaya haiN| isa grantha kA pratipAdya viSaya yoga hai / isameM ATha prakaraNoM ke nirdeza isa prakAra haiM : prathama prabodhana nAmaka prakaraNa meM AtmA ke vikAsa kA varNana hai| dvitIya pUrvasevA nAmaka prakaraNa meM guru, mAtA-pitA tathA apane se bar3oM kI pUjA kA varNana hai| tRtIya aSTAMga nAmaka prakaraNa meM ATha yogoM kA nirUpaNa hai| caturtha kaSAya nAmaka prakaraNa meM kaSAyoM para jaya pAne kA vistRta varNana hai| paJcama dhyAnasAmagrI prakaraNa meM caJcala mAnasika vRttiyoM ko sthira rakhane ke upAya batalAye gaye haiN| paSTha dhyAnasiddhi prakaraNa meM Agamokta cAra prakAra ke dhyAnoM kA vivecana hai| ___ saptama yogazreNI prakaraNa meM yoga kI vibhinna zreNiyoM ko batalAte hae yoga kI usa uccatama avasthA kA ullekha hai, jahA~ se AtmA kabhI lauTatI nhiiN| ___ aSTama yA antima udgAra nAmaka prakaraNa meM sAdhu-asAdhu athavA jJAnI-ajJAnI ke Atmatattva pahacAnane ke upAya batalAye gaye haiN| sAmyazataka' yaha 106 zlokoM meM nibaddha vijayasiMhasUri kI racanA hai| isa pustaka kI viSayavastu samAdhizataka jaisI hI hai / yogapradIpa 23 prakAzoM meM vibhakta isa grantha ke kartA upAdhyAya zrImaMgalavijayajI mahArAja haiN| isa grantha kA dUsarA nAma 'Ahata-dharma pradIpa' bhI hai| granthakAra ne pUrvavartI jaina granthoM kA anugamana kiyA hai, phira bhI apanI 1. zrI hemacandrAcArya jaina sabhA, pATana dvArA vIra ni0 saM0 2469 meM prakAzita / 2. e0 ema0 eNDa kampanI, bambaI kI ora se san 1918 meM prakAzita / 3. hemacanda savanacanda zAha, kalakattA dvArA vIra ni0 saM0 2466 meM prakAzita /

Page #83
52 jaina yoga kA AlocanAtmaka adhyayana viziSTa zailI dvArA isako anUThA banA diyA hai / isameM jaina yoga ke sAtha-sAtha pAtaMjala yogasUtra, haThayoga, gItA evaM bauddha yoga kI tulanA kI gayI hai / adhyAtma kalpadruma' isa grantha kI racanA munisundarasUrIzvara mahArAja ne kI hai| isa grantha ke 16 adhikAroM meM yogI ke lie apekSita sAmagriyoM kI carcA hai / prathama adhikAra meM cAra bhAvanAoM kA nirUpaNa huA hai / dUsare adhikAra meM strI ko parigraha - svarUpa batalAkara usakA parityAga karane kA upadeza hai / tIsare, cauthe tathA pA~caveM adhikAra meM kramazaH putra, dhana aura zarIra kI vyarthatA batalAkara unase moharahita hone kA upadeza hai / chaThe tathA sAtaveM adhikAra meM saMsAra ke mUla kAraNarUpa kaSAyoM kA nirUpaNa hai aura saMyamI jIvana bitAne kA nirdeza hai / AThaveM adhikAra meM zAstrapUjA tathA caturgaMti kA vivecana hai / naveM tathA dasaveM adhikAra meM manonigrahatathA vairAgya kA upadeza hai / gyArahaveM, bArahaveM tathA terahaveM adhikAra meM dharma-zuddhi, deva-zAstra-guru-pUjA tathA muni ke AcAra sambandhI vicAra varNita haiM | caudahaveM adhikAra meM saMvara, pandrahaveM adhikAra meM Avazyaka kriyAoM aura solahaveM adhikAra meM samatA - phalarUpo mokSa kA varNana hai / jaina yoga (aMgrejI) isa aMgrejI pustaka ke lekhaka Ara0 viliyamsa haiM / isameM yoga kA varNana na karake yoga ke AdhArabhUta arthAt zrAvakAcAra kA hI mukhyata: pratipAdana kiyA gayA hai | zrAvakAcAra kI pUrI AcArasaMhitA isameM AlocanAtmaka DhaMga se varNita hai / isa prakAra yoga-viSayaka unhIM granthoM kA paricaya yahA~ abhISTa rahA 1. nirNayasAgara mudraNAlaya, bambaI se san 1906 meM prakAzita; mUlakRti dhanavijayagaNa kI TIkA ke sAtha manasukhabhAI tathA jamanAbhAI bhagubhAI ne vi0 saM0 1971 meM; jainadharma prasAraka sabhA ne san 1911 meM; devacanda lAlabhAI jaina pustakoddhAra saMsthA ne san 1940 meM; tathA bhogIlAla sAkalacanda, ahamadAbAda dvArA san 1938 meM / 2. oNksaphorDa yunivarsiTI presa, landana dvArA san 1963 meM prakAzita /

Page #84
53 jaina yoga-sAhitya hai jo pramukhataH jaina yogaparaka haiN| inake atirikta jinaratnakoza' meM adhyAtma nAma se zurU honevAle granthoM kI nAmAvalI isa prakAra dI gayI hai-adhyAtma-bheda, adhyAtmakalikA, adhyAtmaparIkSA, adhyAtmapradIpa, adhyAtmaprabodha, adhyAtmaliMga aura AdhyatmasAroddhAra / jinaratnakoza meM yogaviSayaka anya granthoM kA bhI ullekha hai, jinake kartA ajJAta haiM aura kRtiyA~ prAyaH anupalabdha haiN| ve grantha isa prakAra haiM-yogadRSTisvAdhyAyasUtra, yogabhakti, yogamAhAtmya, yogaratnasamuccaya, yogaratnAvali, yogavivekadvAtriMzikA, yogasaMkathA, yogasaMgraha, yogAnuzAsana evaM yogAvatAradvAtriMzikA / yogakalpadruma evaM yogataraMgiNI ye do grantha upalabdha haiM, parantu unake kartA ajJAta haiN| inake atirikta kucha aise bhI yogaviSayaka granthoM kA ullekha milatA hai, jinake lekhakoM kA nirdeza kiyA gayA hai1. yogadIpikA -paM0 AzAdhara 2. yogabheda dvAtriMzikA -paM0 paramAnanda 3. yogamArga -paM0 somadeva 4. yogaratnAkara -~-mu0 jayakIrti 5. yogalakSaNadvAtriMzikA -mu0 paramAnanda 6. yogavivaraNa -zrI yAdavasUri 7. yogasaMgrahasAra -zrI jinacaMdra 8. yogasaMgrahasAraprakriyA -mu0 nandIguru 9. yogasAra -paM0 gurudAsa 10. yogAMga -zrI zAntarasa 11. yogAmRta -zrI vIrasenadeva 1. jinaratnakoza, vi0 1, pR0 5-6; jaina sAhitya kA bRhad itihAsa, bhA0 4, pR0 264 / 2. vahI; tathA jaina sAhitya kA bRhad itihAsa; bhA0 4, pR0 321-22 / 3. vahI, pR0 251 /

Page #85
: 3 : pRSThabhUmi bhAratIya saMskRti meM AdhyAtmika dRSTi se nivRttiparaka vicAradhArA kA apanA mUlya evaM mahattva hai / nivRtti jainadharma kA prANatattva hai / Atmika athavA AdhyAtmika vikAsa ke lie nivRtti para vizeSa bala diyA gayA hai aura isake lie yoga nitAnta apekSita hai / yahI kAraNa hai ki jaina saMskRti AcAra-vicAra evaM tapomUlaka pravRtti ko lekara apanI viziSTatA ko surakSita rakha sakI hai| Rgveda' meM vAtarazanA muni ke sambandha meM batAyA gayA hai ki atIndriyArthadarzI vAtarazanA muni mala dhAraNa karate haiM, jisase ve piMgalavarNa dikhAI dete haiM / jaba ve vAyu kI gati ko prANopAsanA dvArA dhAraNa kara lete haiM, arthAt roka lete haiM, taba ve apane tapa kI mahimA se dIpta hokara devatAsvarUpa ko prApta ho jAte haiM / ataeva yaha nizcita rUpa se kahA jA sakatA hai ki tapa arthAt yoga kI paramparA, jaina saMskRti meM prArambha se rahI hai / upaniSadoM meM tApasa aura zramaNa ko eka mAnA gayA hai / ina tathyoM se spaSTa hai ki zramaNoM kI tapasyA aura yoga kI sAdhanA atyanta purAnI hai aura AdhyAtmika vikAsa ke lie anivArya mAnI gayI hai / mohanajodar3o se prApta jaina yoga kA svarUpa 1. Rgveda, 10 / 136 / 2 2. bhAratIya saMskRti meM jainadharma kA yogadAna, pR0 13 3. atra pitA'pitA bhavati mAtA'mAtA lokA alokA devA adevA vedA avedAH / atra steno'steno bhavati bhrUNahA'bhrUNahA cANDAlo'cANDAla: paulkaso'paulkasaH zramaNo'zramaNastApasau tApasau'nanvAgataM puNyenAnanvAgataM pApena tIrNo hi tadA sarvAMchaukAnhRdayasya bhavati / - vRhadAraNyaka upaniSad, 4 / 3 / 22 4. jaina sAhitya kA bRhad itihAsa, bhA0 1, (prastAvanA), pR0 21 5. Modern Review, August, 1932, pp. 155-56

Page #86
jaina yoga kA svarUpa kAyotsarga-mudrA se yukta mUrti tathA paTanA ke najadIka lohAnIpura se prApta nagna kAyotsarga mUrti se bhI isa bAta kI puSTi hotI hai| maharSi pataMjali ne jaise 'yoga' zabda kA prayoga 'AtmasAdhanA' ke artha meM kiyA hai, vaise 'yoga' zabda kA prayoga jainadharma meM AtmasAdhanA ke lie nahIM huA hai| jaina-paramparA meM mana, vacana aura kAyA kI pravRtti ko yoga kahA gayA hai| yaha AsravarUpa hai| phira bhI yogasAdhanA ko vyakta karanevAle aMgabhUta aise aneka zabdoM kA vyavahAra AgamoM meM huA hai jaise dhyAna, tapa, samAdhi, saMvara Adi / samAdhi, tapa, dhyAna Adi zabdoM kA upayoga yoga kI taraha hI huA hai aura vIrya, sthAna, utsAha, parAkrama, ceSTA, zakti evaM sAmarthya zabda prakArAntara se yoga ke artha ko hI vyaMjita karanevAle mAne gaye haiN| jainadharma-darzana kA pAribhASika zabda saMvara karmAsravoM ko rokatA hai aura sAdhanA kI dRSTi se yoga se sAmya rakhatA hai / mithyAtva, avirati, pramAda, kaSAya aura yoga (pravRtti) se raMjita karma hI Asrava hai tathA ina pravRttiyoM kA nirodha hI saMvara hai|" yogasUtrAnusAra cittavRttiyoM kA nirodha yoga hai| saMvara zabda kA prayoga isI artha meM jaina-paramparA meM huA hai| jaina-paramparA meM yoga kA artha hai mana, vacana aura kAya kI pravRtti / jaise vIryAntarAya karma kA kSayopazama yA kSaya hone para mana, vacana evaM kAya ke nimitta se AtmapradezoM ke caMcala hone ko yoga kahA gayA hai, kyoMki ina tInoM ke sUkSmAtisUkSma vyApAroM se hI karmoM kA Asrava hotA hai| ataH jainaparamparA meM 'yoga' zabda yogadarzana ke 'yoga' zabda se sAmya nahIM rakhatA, 1. jaina sAhitya kA itihAsa : pUrvapIThikA, prAkkathana, pR0 10 2. jhANasaMvarajoge ya |-abhidhaanraajendrkosh, bhA0 4, pR0 165. 3. jogo viriyaM yAmo ucchAha parakkamo tahA cetttthaa| sati sAmatthaM ciya jogassa havanti pajjAyA / / -paMcasaMgraha, bhA0 2, 4 4. paMcaAsavadArA paNNattA, taM jahA, micchattaM, aviraI, pamAyo, kasAyA, jogaa|-smvaayaaNg, 5 5. AsravanirodhaH sNvrH|-tttvaarthsuutr, 9 / 1 6. vizeSAvazyakabhASya, 358

Page #87
jaina yoga kA AlocanAtmaka adhyayana kyoMki yogadarzana ke anusAra vRttiyoM kA nirodha yoga hai aura vaha puruSa ke kaivalya kI prApti meM pradhAna kAraNa hai| kintu yaha yoga eka zakti vizeSa hai, jo kamaraja ko AtmA taka lAtA hai|' jaina-paramparA meM 'yoga' zabda kA pAtaMjala-yogadarzanasammata sarvaprathama prayoga AcArya haribhadra dvArA kiyA gayA hai| yoga ko pAribhASita karate hue unhoMne kahA hai ki mokSa-prApti ke lie jo dharma-kriyA athavA vizuddha vyApAra kiyA jAtA hai, vaha dharma-vyApAra 'yoga' hai / 2 yamaniyamAdi vyApAra jIva ke pariNAmoM kI zuddhi ke lie hI kiye jAte haiM tathA inakA uddezya mana, vacana evaM kAya dvArA arjita karmo kI zuddhi karanA hI hai| isa dRSTi se samiti, gupti Adi AcAra-vicAroM kA anuSThAna uttama yoga hai, kyoMki inase saMyama vRddhi hotI hai aura yoga bhI AtmA kI hI vizuddhAvasthA kA mArga hai, jisase jIva ko sarvocca avasthA kI prApti hotI hai / yoga kA mahattva evaM lAbha jJAna, darzana aura cAritra rUpI ratnatraya-yoga hI parama ucca mokSapada ko prApta karane kA uttama sAdhana hai| yaha yoga zAstroM kA upaniSad hai, mokSapradAtA hai tathA samasta vighnabAdhAoM ko zamana karanevAlA hai, isalie kalyANakArI hai| yaha icchita vastuoM kI prApti karAnevAlA kalpataru evaM cintAmaNi hai| dharmo meM pradhAna yaha yogasiddhi svayaM ke anugraha athavA adhyavasAya se milatI hai| saccA 1. paMcama karma grantha, vivecanakartA paM0 kailAzacaMdra zAstrI, pR0 150 2. mukkheNa jIyaNAo, jogI samvo vi dhmmvaavaaro|--yogviNshikaa, 1 3. yataH samitigudhinA prapaMcI yoga uttamaH |-yogbheddvaatriNshikaa, 30 4. jJAnadarzanacAritrarUpa ratnatrayAtmakaH / yogaumuktipadaprAptAnuprAyaH parikIrtitaH ||-yogprdiip, 113 5. zAstrasyopaniSadyogo yogo mokSasya vartanI / apAyazamano yogo, yogakalyANakArakam / / -yogamAhAtmyadvAtrizikA, 1 6. yogakalpataru zreSThau yogazcintAmaNi paraH / yogaH pradhAnaM dharmANAM, mogaH siddheH svayaMgrahaH ||-yogbindu, 37

Page #88
jaina' yoga kA svarUpa 57 yogI vahI hai jisane zvAsa ko jIta liyA hai, jisake locana nispanda ho gaye haiN|' jo indriyoM ke vaza meM hote haiM, ve yogI nahIM haiN| yoga ke lie mana kI samAdhi evaM prakAra yogasiddhi ke lie mana kI samAdhi parama Avazyaka hai| yogAbhyAsa ke lie sarvaprathama mana ko saMyamI karanA anivArya hai; kyoMki mana ke kAraNa hI indriyA~ caMcala hotI haiM, jo AtmajJAna meM bAdhaka haiM tathA ekonmukhatA ke mArga meM bhaTakAva paidA karatI haiN| mana kI asthiratA ke kAraNa hI rAgAdi bhAva kI vRddhi hotI hai tathA karma-prakRtiyoM kA bandha hotA hai| karma cAhe puNyaprakRti ke hoM yA pApaprakRti ke, antataH donoM hI saMsAra-bandhana ke kAraNa haiN| isalie donoM prakAra ke karmoM ko naSTa karanA yaugika sthiratA ke lie Avazyaka hai| caJcala mana ko sarvathA sthira karanA yoga kI pahalI zarta hai| ataH mana kI samAdhi yoga kA hetu tathA tapa kA nidAna hai, kyoMki mana ko kendrita karane ke lie tapa Avazyaka hai, tapa zivazarma kA, mokSa kA mUla kAraNa hai| yogazAstra ke anusAra mana ke cAra prakAra haiM : (1) vikSipta mana, (2) yAtAyAta mana, (3) zliSTa mana, (4) sulIna mn| vikSipta mana kA svabhAva caJcala hotA hai aura yAtAyAta mana kA svabhAva vikSipta mana kI apekSA kucha kama caJcala hotA hai tathA mana ko zAnti pradAna karanevAlA bhI hotA hai| isalie yoga-sAdhakoM ke lie ina do prakAra ke mana para niyantraNa karanA Avazyaka hai| yoga kI prathama 1. NijjhiyasAso Nipphada lomaNo mukksylvaavaaro| eyAiM avattha go so joyau patthi saMdeho ||-paahudddohaa, 203 2. so joyau jo jAgayaI Nimmali joi yajoi / / jo puNu iMdiyavasi gayau so iha sAvayaloI ||-vhii, 96 3. yogasya heturmanasaH samAdhiH paraM nidAnaM tapasyazcaH yogaH / tapazca mUlaM zivazarma manaH samAdhi bhaja tatkathaMcit / -adhyAtmakalpadruma, 9 / 15 4. iha vikSiptaM yAtAyAtaM zliSTa tathA sulInaM ca / cetazcatuH prakAraM tajjJacamatkArakAri bhavet ||-yogshaastr, 12 / 2 5. vikSiptaM calamiSTaM yAtAyAta ca kimapisAnandam / prathamAbhyAse dvayamapi vikalpa-vipayagrahaM tatsyAt / / - yogazAstra, 12 // 3

Page #89
58 jaina yoga kA AlocanAtmaka adhyayana avasthA meM sAdhaka kI sthiti markaTalIlA kI taraha hotI hai arthAt vaha kSaNa-kSaNa eka viSaya se dUsare viSaya meM saMcarita hotA hai, jisake phalasvarUpa aneka karma-pudgaloM ke pariNAma ba~dhate haiM aura citta kI vikalatA baDhatI hai / yadyapi vikSipta mana kI apekSA yAtAyAta mana meM indriyA~ kucha zAnta rahatI haiM, lekina zAnti kucha samaya ke lie hI hotI hai / jese hI viSayoM ke sAdhana samakSa Ate haiM, vaise hI rAgAdi bhAva umar3a par3ate haiM / ataH ina donoM ko Antarika zAnti ke lie, abhyAsapUrvaka zAnta karane kA prayAsa yogI ke lie sarvaprathama Avazyaka hai| zliSTa mana kI bhUmikA yAtAyAta mana ke bAda prArambha hotI hai / isa mana ke nirodha ke abhyAsa se cittavRttiyA~ zAnta ho jAtI haiM tathA Antarika zAnti kA anubhava hone lagatA hai / sulIna mana meM Ananda kI anubhUti ke kAraNa citta ekAgra hokara AtmalIna ho jAtA hai / yahI kAraNa hai ki isa mana ke abhyAsa se sAdhaka ko paramAnanda arthAt svAnu. bhUti kA Ananda hotA hai / ' isa sandarbha meM kahA gayA hai ki mana sthira karane ke lie sAdhaka ko sarvaprathama apanI priya vastu para mana ko kendrita karanA caahie| isa cunAva meM sAdhaka ko yaha bhI dhyAna rakhanA cAhie ki mana zubha pravRtti kI hI ora pravRtta rahe / isa prakAra priya vastu kA bArambAra cintana-manana karane se eka sthiti aisI AyegI ki sAdhaka kA mana apane Apa usa vastu se Uba jAyegA aura dUsarI vastu kI ora unmukha hogA / usa vastu ke bArambAra cintana-manana se punaH kaba paidA hogI aura svabhAvataH usakA mana dUsarI vastu kI ora pravRtta hogaa| aisA karane se do lAbha hote haiN| eka to aise mana kI ekonmukhatA kA abhyAsa hotA jAtA hai, jo dhyAna tathA yoga ke lie Avazyaka hai| dUsare, vastu kI yathArthatA tathA vyarthatA kA jJAna hotA hai aura svabhAvataH mana paramatattva kI ora AkarSita hotA jAtA hai| ataH mana ke isa prakAra ke abhyAsa se sAdhaka kI dvividhA naSTa ho jAtI hai aura usakA mana kisI eka hI viSaya meM sthira ho jAtA hai / ina cAra prakAra ke mana kA kramazaH abhyAsa karate-karate sAdhaka dhyAna kA sthirIkaraNa bhI kara letA hai, kyoMki dhyAna aura mana kA 1. zliSTa sthirasAnandaM sulInamatinizcalaM paramAnandam / tanmAtrakaH viSayagrahamubhayamapi budyastadAmnAtam ||-vhii, 12 / 4

Page #90
jaina yoga kA svarUpa sambandha atyanta ghaniSTha hai / dhyAna kA sthirIkaraNa mana kI sthiratA para hI nirbhara karatA hai| jisane mana ko vaza meM kara liyA usake lie saMsAra meM koI bhI vastu aisI nahIM hai jo vaza meM na kI jA ske| isa prakAra mana kI vijaya yoga kI saphalatA kI kuJjI hai| ___ yoga kI sAdhanA meM saMlagna hone ke lie sAdhaka ko vibhinna AcAravicAroM kA samyakapa se pAlana karane kA vidhAna hai| yahA~ taka ki aNuvrata, guNavrata, zikSAvrata, samiti, gapti Adi cAritrAcAra kA pAlana yogasAdhanA ko prAthamika bhUmikA se lekara niSpanna avasthA taka kiyA jAtA hai / zrAvakoM aura zramaNoM ke lie alaga-alaga AcAra-caryA kA vidhAna hai| zramaNoM kI apekSA zrAvakoM ko paristhiti evaM kAla kI apekSA se maryAdita vrata-niyamoM kA pAlana karanA par3atA hai, phira bhI yoga-sAdhanA ke lie use bhI pUrI chaTa hai| vaha bhI zramaNa kI bhA~ti sampUrNa parigraha se mukta hokara arthAt vairAgya dhAraNa karake yoga-sAdhanA meM saMlIna ho sakatA hai| ataH cAritra-vikAsa kI dRSTi se donoM zreNiyoM ke yogI sAdhakoM ke lie Avazyaka-anAvazyaka vastuoM ke tyAga evaM grahaNa karane kA vidhAna hai, jinakA ullekha yoga-saMgraha ke antargata huA hai| yoga-saMgraha yoga-saMgraha saMkSepa meM 32 prakAra kA hai1. AlocanA-guru ke nikaTa apane doSoM ko svIkAra karanA / 2. nirapalApa-ziSya ke doSa dUsaroM para prakaTa nahIM krnaa|| 3. vratoM meM sthiratA-Apatti-kAla meM aMgIkRta vrata-niyamoM kA pari tyAga na krnaa| 4. aniztiopadhAna-dUsaroM kI sahAyatA ke binA tapa karanA / 5. zikSA zAstroM kA paThana-pAThana / 6. niSpratikarmatA-zarIra-saMskAra na karanA / 7. ajJAtatA-tapa ke bAre meM gaptatA rkhnaa| 8. alobhatA-kisI vastu ke prati lobha na rkhnaa| 1. dhyAnaM manaHsamAyukta manastatra calAcalam / ___ vazyaM yena kRtaM tasya bhavedvazyaM jagattrayam ||-yogprdiip, 79 2. samavAyAMgasUtra, 32; sthAnAMgasamavAyAMga, pR0 17

Page #91
jaina yoga kA AlocanAtmaka adhyayana 9. titikSA-parISahajaya / 10. RjubhAva-bhAvoM meM srltaa| 11. zuci-satya aura saMyamavRddhi / 12. samyagdRSTi-sAdhanA va caryA meM shrddhaa| 13. samAdhi-ekAgratA rkhnaa| 14. AcAra-AcAra meM dRddh'taa| 15. vinaya-bhAvoM meM madutA rkhnaa| 16. dhRtimati-dhairyapradhAna dRSTi / 17. saMvega-saMsArabhaya / 18. prANidhi-mAyArahita honaa| 19. suvidhi-sadanuSThAna / 20. saMvara-karmo ke kAraNoM ko roknaa| 21. AtmadoSopasaMhAra-apane doSoM kA nirodha / 22. sarvakAma virati-kAmanAoM ke prati virakti / 23. pratyAkhyAna-mUlaguNaviSayaka / 24. pratyAkhyAna-uttaraguNaviSayaka / 25. vyutsrg-tyaag| 26. apramAda-pramAda se bacanA / 27. lavAlava-pratyeka samaya meM sAdhvAcAra kA pAlana krnaa| 28. dhyaan-sNvryog| 29. mAraNAMtika udaya-maraNakAla meM duHkha-kSobha prakaTa nahIM krnaa| 30. saMga kA tyAga / 31. prAyazcitta / 32. mAraNAMtika ArAdhanA-zarIra-tyAga aura kaSAya kSINa karate samaya kA tapa / isa yogasaMgraha ko yoga kI AdhAra-bhUmi mAnA gayA hai aura ise sudRr3ha tathA phalIbhUta banAne kA Adeza diyA gayA hai| yahA~ taka kahA gayA hai ki zrAvaka vyAvahArika jIvana bitAte hue bhI ina yoga-saMgrahoM kA samyak pAlana karane se pUrNa yogI kI bhUmikA para pahuMca sakatA hai| gRhastha-dharma meM mArgAnusArI' ke kaI aise guNa haiM jo unake laukika 1. mArgAnusArI ke 35 guNa batalAye haiM / -yogazAstra, 1147-56

Page #92
jaina yoga kA svarUpa jIvana se sambandha rakhate haiM tathA samatAyukta evaM anAsakta hone aura AtmakalyANa hetu prayatnazIla banane kA Adeza dete haiN| vastutaH ina AdhArabhUmikAoM ke sthira ho jAne para gRhastha sAdhaka bhI zramaNoM kI bhAMti yogasAdhanA meM saphala hote haiM, kyoMki mohI sAdhu kI apekSA nirmohI zrAvaka zreSTha hotA hai|' ___ yoga-saMgraha ko hI prakArAntara se yogabindu, yogadRSTisamuccaya tathA yogazataka' meM kramazaH pUrvasevA, yogabIja tathA laukika dharma-pAlana kI saMjJA dI gayI hai aura kahA hai ki inakA pAlana sAdhaka ke lie Avazyaka hai| guru ko AvazyakatA evaM mahattA yogI pUrvasevA arthAt prArambhika kriyAoM ke samyakpAlana ke sAthasAtha yogya guru kA satsaMga bhI karatA hai, kyoMki binA sadguru ke viSayoM tathA kaSAyoM kI caJcalatA meM vRddhi hotI hai tathA zAstra evaM zuddha bhAvanAoM kA nAza hotA hai| ata: guru dvArA sAdhaka zAstra-vacanoM kA marma tathA tattvajJAna kI prApti karatA hai, jinase AdhyAtmika jJAna meM vRddhi hotI hai aura AtmavikAsa hotA hai| kahA bhI hai ki tattvajJAna arthAt jJAna kI labdhi do prakAra se hotI hai-(1) pUrvasaMskAra se tathA (2) guru kI upAsanA se / ' pUrva-saMskAra se utpanna jJAna meM bhI guru-saMvAda arthAt AtmacarcA nimitta kAraNa hotI hai / saMyama kI vRddhi, tattvajJAna Adi ke lie guru kA sAnnidhya Avazyaka hai, kyoMki unake sAnnidhya aura upadeza 1. gRhastho mokSamArgastho nirmoho naiva mohavAn / anagAro gRhI zreyAn, nirmoho, mohino muneH / ratnakaraNDazrAvakAcAra, 133 2. yogadRSTisamuccaya, 22-3; 27-8 3. yogazataka, 25-26 tAvad guruvacaH zAstraM tAvat tAvacca bhAvanAH / kaSAyaviSayairyAvad na manastaralI bhavet / -yogasAra, 119 5. tatra prathamatattvajJAna saMvAdako gururbhvti|| darzayitA tvaparasmin gurumeva bhajaittasmAt // -yogazAstra, 12-1

Page #93
62 jaina yoga kA AlocanAtmaka adhyayana se yogasAdhanA meM saphalatA prApta hotI hai / guru sevAdi dharmakRtya bAdhArahita karane se lokottara tattva kI samprApti hotI hai / " guru kI bhakti evaM sAnidhya se sAdhaka kA mana dhyAna meM itanA ekAgra ho jAtA hai ki usa avasthA meM use tIrthaMkara - darzana kA sAkSAt lAbha hotA hai aura sAdhaka mokSagati bhI prApta karatA hai / * AtmA va karma kA sambandha AtmA aura karma kA sambandha anAdi hai / donoM kA svabhAva parasparavirodhI hai / AtmA jahA~ svabhAvavaza cetana va jJAnAdirUpa hai; vahA~ karma acetana va rAgAdibhAva se yukta hai| hiMsA, jhUTha, corI, maithuna, parigraha Adi jo mana kI pApa pravRttiyA~ haiM, unhIM se karmoM kI utpatti evaM sthiti hotI hai / isa prakAra jIva arthAt AtmA jaba paradravya meM rAga tathA dveSavaza zubha evaM azubha bhAva ko grahaNa karatA hai, taba vaha karmAsravoM kA kAraNa banatA hai, kyoMki jIva apane svarUpa ko bhUlakara paradravyoM ke avalambana meM hI lagA rahatA hai aura bhramavaza unhIM viSayoM ko apane lie sukhada athavA duHkhada mAna baiThatA hai / ataH yogasAdhanA meM upArjita karmo kA pUrNataH kSaya kiyA jAtA hai tathA AnevAle karma - pudgaloM kA bhI varjana kara diyA jAtA hai / yogAdhikArI ke bheda yogabindu ke anusAra yogAdhikArI sAdhaka kI do koTiyA~ haiMacaramAvartI tathA caramAvartI / acaramAvartI jIva para mohAdi bhAvoM kA carama dabAva rahatA hai, jisake phalasvarUpa usakI pravRtti ghora sAMsArika, 1. evaM gurusevAdi ca kAle sadyogavighnavarjanayA | ityAdikRtyakaraNaM lokottaratattvasamprApti // 2. gurubhaktiprabhAvena tIrthakRddarzanaM matam / samApatyAdibhedena nirvANaikanibandhanam // 3. yogasAraprAbhRta, 5389 4. vahI, 3 / 30-31 5. paMcAkSaviSayAH kiMcin nAsya kurvantyacetanAH / manyate sa vikalpena sukhadA duHkhadA mama / -- Sor3azaka; 5 / 16 - yoga dRSTisamuccaya, 64 -- vahI, 5128

Page #94
jaina yoga kA svarUpa vivekarahita evaM adhyAtma-bhAvanAdi kriyA-karmo se vimukha hotI hai|' sAMsArika padArtho meM lobha-moha ke kAraNa hI jIva ko bhavAbhinandI kahA gayA hai| yadyapi acaramAvartI athavA bhavAbhinandI jIva dhArmika vrataniyamoM kA anuSThAna bhI karatA hai, lekina yaha saba zraddhAvihIna hotA hai| saddharma evaM laukika kArya bhI vaha kIrti, pratiSThA Adi kI kAmanA se karatA hai| isa dRSTi se use lokapaMkti kRtAdara bhI kahA gayA hai|' aisI bhAvanAvAle jIva kI vRtti kabhI sthira nahIM rahatI aura AhAra, bhaya, maithuna evaM parigraha meM lipta rahane ke kAraNa vaha sadaiva duHkhI evaM saMtapta rahatA hai| vaha sadA dUsaroM kI burAiyoM evaM pratighAtoM meM lagA rahatA hai| isa prakAra vaha jIva kSudravRtti, aparopakArI, bhayabhIta, IrSyAlu, mAyAcArI aura mUrkha hotA hai| aise svabhAvavAle sAdhaka bhale hI yama-niyamoM kA pAlana kareM, lekina antaHzuddhi ke abhAva meM ve yogI nahIM ho sakate / ve bhI yogI hone ke adhikArI nahIM ho sakate, jo laukika hetu athavA laukika pradarzana yA AkarSaNa ke bhAva se yoga-sAdhanA meM pravRtta hote haiN| __ caramAvarta meM carama aura Avarta do zabda haiN| carama kA artha hai antima aura Avarta kA artha hai pudgalAvarta / ataH isa Avarta meM sthita jIva caramAvartI kahalAtA hai| isameM jIva kI dhArmika, yaugika athavA AdhyAtmika jAgRti hotI hai arthAt yogadRSTi kA prAdurbhAva yahIM se hotA hai| caramAvartI jIva svabhAva se mRdu, zuddha tathA nirmala hote haiN| 1. pradIrghabhavasadbhAvAnmAlinyAtizayAstathA / atattvAbhinivezAcca; nAnyeSvanyasya jAtucit / -yogabindu, 73 tasmAdacaramAvarteSva adhyAtma naiva yujyate // -yogabindu, 93 bhavAbhinandinaH prAyastrisaMjJA eva du:khitA, kecit dharmakRto'pi syulokpNktikRtaadraaH| lokArAdhanahetoryA malinenAntarAtmanA / kriyate sakriyAsAtra lokapaMktirudAhRtA // -yogabindu, 86-88%) tathA yogasAraprAbhRta, 8118-21 3. kSudrolAbharatirdIno matsarI bhayavAn zaThaH / / __ajJo bhavAbhinandi syAniSphalArambhasaMgataH // -yogabindu; 87 4. yogazataka, pariziSTa, pR0 109; mAtmasvarUpavicAra, 173-74 5. navanItAvikalpastaccaramAvarta iSyate / atraiva vimalau bhAvI gopendro'pi yadabhyadyAt / -yogalakSaNadvAtriMzikA, 18

Page #95
jaina yoga kA Aloca nAtmaka adhyayana ve saMsArapravAha meM maryAdita tathA parimita kAla ke lie hote haiM tathA saMsAra-bandhanoM kA uccheda karane kI zakti rakhate haiN| ve jIva zuklapAkSika, bhinnagranthi evaM cAritrika jaise adhyAtma upAyoM ke adhikArI hote haiM, kyoMki una para moha kA athavA mithyAtva-pariNAmoM kA tIvra dabAva bhI nahIM rahatA aura na mana meM malinatA hI rahatI hai| ve mukti ke nikaTa hote haiM / ' caramAvarta meM AyA huA prANI mukti ke nikaTa hotA hai / usane bahuta se pudgala-parAvartoM kA ullaMghana kara diyA hai| usakA eka bindu svarUpa mAtra eka Avarta zeSa hai, jaise ki samudra meM eka bindu jala avaziSTa rahe / arthAt caramAvartI sAdhaka sampUrNa mithyAtvoM se rahita hokara mukti ke dvAra para pahu~ca gayA hotA hai / caramAvataM-kAla meM jIva sampUrNa Antarika bhAvoM se parizuddha hokara jina kriyAoM kA sampAdana karatA hai, una kriyAoM ke sAdhanoM ko yoga kahA gayA hai| tathA jIva AdhyAmika vikAsa kI ora agrasara hote hue samatA kI prApti karatA hai, jahA~ use na sundara-asundara kA moha hotA hai, na kisI prakAra kA sAMsArika pralobhana rahatA hai aura na mithyAtva kA pariNAma hI rahatA hai| AtmavikAsa meM jIva kI sthiti ____ AtmavikAsa kI ora agrasara hone ke krama meM caramAvartI jIva jina-jina sthitiyoM se gujaratA hai, una sthitiyoM kI cAra koTiyA~ haiM(1) apunarbandhaka, (2) samyagdRSTi, (3) dezavirati evaM (4) sarvavirati / ' apunarbandhaka vaha sthiti hai, jahA~ sAdhaka midhyAtva pariNAmI rahate 1. caramepudgalAvarte, yato yaH zuklapAkSikaH / bhinna graMnthizcaritrI ca tasyaivaitadudAhRtam / -yogabindu; 72, muktimArgaparaM yuktyA yujyate vimalaM manaH / sabuDhyAsanna bhAvena, yadamISAM mahAtmAnAm / / -vahI, 99 caramAvartino jantoH siddharAsannatA dhruvam / bhUyAsro'mI vyatikrAntAsteSveko bindurambudhau // -muktyadveSaprAdhAnyadvAtriMzikA, 28 3. yogalakSaNadvAtriMzikA, 22 4. yogazataka, 13-16; yogabindu, 177-8, 253, 351-2; 102

Page #96
jaina yoga kA svarUpa hue bhI vinaya, dAkSiNya, dayA, vairAgya Adi sadguNoM kI prApti meM tatpara rahatA hai| arthAt acaramAvartI jIvoM ke viparIta isa sthAna meM sAdhaka jJAna evaM cAritrayukta hokara graMthibheda karane meM samartha hotA hai / isake bAda samyagdRSTi kI sthiti prArambha hotI hai, jisameM sAdhaka sAMsArika prapaJcoM se vyAmohita hote hae bhI mokSAbhimakha hotA hai| arthAta yogI saMsAra meM rahate hue bhI Antarika bhAvanAoM ke dvArA mukti ke upAyoM ke viSaya meM cintana karatA rahatA hai| isa kAraNa use bhAvayogI bhI kahA jAtA hai|' bhAvayogI ghara-gRhasthI meM rahate hue bhI lobha, mamatA Adi bandhanoM se vimukta aura AtmadhyAna meM lIna rahatA hai / vastutaH yaha sthiti dezavirati kI hai| isa prakAra vaha AcAra-vicAroM se saMvalita aura vikasita hokara aneka prakAra ke kAyakleza sahatA huA, mArgAnusArI kI vidhiyoM - kA samyakapeNa pAlana karatA huA, zraddhAlu, lokapriya evaM puruSArthI banakara, zubhapariNAmoM ko dhAraNa karatA huA sarvavirati kI antima bhUmikA meM pahuMcatA hai| yahA~ pahu~cakara vaha kramazaH sarvaprakAra ke parigrahoM ke tyAga ke bAda sarvajJa bana jAtA hai / vahA~ usakI yoga-sAdhanA pUrNa ho jAtI hai| cittazuddhi ke upAya - jaina yoga ke antargata dharma-vyApAra ke rUpa meM aSTAMgayoga kA nirdeza hai jisake krama meM pA~ca prakAra ko cittazuddhi kA varNana hai, jinase kriyAzuddhi hotI hai aura jinake samyak pAlana se sAdhaka kI pravRtti dhArmika anuSThAnoM kI ora unmukha hotI hai| phalataH zubha-vicAroM ke nirantara cintana se karmoM kI zuddhi hotI jAtI hai / cittazuddhi ke pA~ca prakAra ye 1. bhavAbhinandi doSANAM pratipakSaguNairyataH / vardhamAnaguNaprAyo, hyapunarbandhako mataH // -yogabindu, 178 2. bhinnagranthestu yatprAyo mokSe cittaM bhave tanuH / tasya tatsarva eveha yogo yogo hi bhAvataH // na ceha granthibhedena pazyato bhAvamuttamam / itareNAkulasyApi tatra cittaM na jAyate // -vahI, 203, 205 3. vahI, 351-52 4. yogapradIpa, 51-52

Page #97
jaina yoga kA AlocanAtmaka adhyayana haiM-(1) praNidhAna, (2) pravRtti, (3) vighnajaya, (4) siddhi aura (5) viniyoga / / 1. praNidhAna-apane AcAra-vicAra meM avicalita rahate hue nimna koTi ke jIvoM ke prati kisI bhI prakAra kA rAga-dveSa na rakhanA praNidhAna cittazuddhi hai / sAdhaka ko svArthI, dambhI evaM durAgrahI jIvoM ke prati bhI zraddhA, paropakAra, vinaya Adi bhAvanA rakhanI caahie| 2. pravRtti-vihita dhArmika vrata-niyamoM athavA anuSThAnoM kA ekAgratApUrvaka tathA samyak pAlana karanA pravRtti hai-nirdiSTa yogasAdhanAoM meM mana ko pravRtta kiyA jAtA hai| 3. vighnajaya-yoga-sAdhanA ke daurAna AnevAle vighnoM para jaya pAnA vighnajaya kriyAzuddhi hai| kyoMki yama-niyamoM kA pAlana karate samaya aneka prakAra kI bAhya, Antarika evaM mohadazAjanya kaThinAiyA~ upasthita hotI haiM aura binA una para vijaya pAye sAdhanA pUrNa nahIM ho sktii| 4. siddhi-isa cittazuddhi kI apekSA taba hotI hai, jaba sAdhaka ko samyagdarzanAdi kI prApti hotI hai aura usako AtmAnubhava hone meM kisI prakAra kI kaThinAI nahIM hotii| samatAbhAvAdi kI utpatti se sAdhaka kI kaSAyajanya sArI caMcalatA naSTa ho jAtI hai aura vaha nimnavartI jIvoM ke prati dayAbhAva, Adara-satkArAdi sahaja hI baratane lagatA hai| 5. viniyoga-siddhi ke bAda viniyoga-cittazuddhi prArambha hotI hai, kyoMki taba taka sAdhaka kI dhArmika vRttiyoM meM kSamatA, zakti A jAtI hai tathA uttarottara Atmika vikAsa hone lagatA hai| isa avasthA meM paropakAra, kalyANa Adi bhAvanAoM kI vRddhi karane ke prayatna ko hI viniyoga-jaya kahate haiN| vairAgya yogasiddhi ke lie jitanA mahattva tapa, upavAsa, Asana Adi zArIrika kriyAoM kA hai, usase adhika mahattva Antarika viSaya-vAsa1. praNidhipravRttivighnajayasiddhiviniyoga bhedataH prAyaH / dharma rAkhyAtaH zubhAzayaH paMcadhA'tra vidho / / -SoDazaka, 316 2. SoDazaka, 317-11

Page #98
jaina yoga kA svarUpa nAoM ko haTAkara mana ko parizuddha karane kA hai| ataH manovijaya ke lie athavA viSaya-vAsanAoM ke kramazaH kSaya ke lie indriyoM kA saMyama rakhanA tathA saMsAra ke prati vairAgya kA bhAva rakhanA Avazyaka hai| kyoMki saMyama jahA~ sAdhaka kI indriyoM ko apane vaza meM karane kA prayatna karatA hai, vahA~ vairAgya kI bhAvanA sAMsArika lobha, moha Adi kaSAyoM se kramazaH nivRtti kA upakrama karatI hai| ataH sAdhaka ke lie saMsAra ke prati niHsAratA kA bhAva rakhanA Avazyaka hai| vairAgya ke tIna prakAra haiM-1. duHkhagarbhita, 2. mohagarbhita, 3. jJAnagarbhita / ' 1. duHkhagabhita vairAgya-jIvana ke prati nirAza hokara kuTumba kA tyAga karake sAdhu bnnaa| 2. mohabhita vairAgya-AptajanoM ke mara jAne para mohavaza athavA asahya viyoga ke kAraNa sAdhuvRtti apnaanaa| 3. jJAnabhita vairAgya-pUrva-saMkAra athavA gurUpadeza se AtmajJAna kI . prApti hone para saMsAra tyAganA / arthAt isa vairAgya meM saMskAravaza athavA guru ke upadezoM se saMsAra ke prati nivRtti kI bhAvanA paidA hotI hai| ___ataH ina tInoM prakAra ke vairAgyoM meM prathama do prakAra ke vairAgya kaSAyojanaka haiN| unameM pUrNa anAsakti athavA vItarAgatA kA aMza nahIM hotA / parantu tIsare prakAra ke jJAnabhita vairAgya meM sAMsArika vastuoM ke prati tanika bhI moha-mAyA nahIM hotii| isa prakAra vairAgya dhAraNa karane se yoga-sAdhanA meM yathocita sahAyatA milatI hai aura sAdhaka saralatApUrvaka sAdhanA meM vikAsa karatA rahatA hai| sAdhana kI apekSA se yoga ke prakAra pramukha rUpa se yoga ke utkRSTa sAdhana isa prakAra haiM-(1) sthAna, (2) UrNa ( varNa ), (3) artha, (4) Alambana tathA (5) anAlambana / ina sAdhanoM ko dRSTi meM rakhakara yoga ke bhI pA~ca prakAra mAne gaye haiN| inameM se prathama do prakAra ke sAdhana karmayoga ke antargata Ate haiM, kyoMki inameM kAyotsargAdi Asana, tapa, maMtra, japa Adi kriyAoM ko karanA par3atA hai| vastutaH ye sAdhana AcAra-mImAMsA se sambandhita mAne gaye haiN| zeSa 1. kartavyakaumudI, bhA. 2, pR. 70-71

Page #99
68 jaina yoga kA AlocanAtmaka adhyayana tIna prakAra ke sAdhana jJAna-yoga meM parigaNita hote haiM, kyoMki inameM kriyA kI apekSA jJAna para vizeSa bala diyA gayA hai / " 1. sthAna - isameM AsanAdi kriyAoM kA vidhAna hai / 2. UrNaM athavA varNaM - isameM zAstravihita sUtroM kA pATha hotA hai tathA sUtra ke uccAraNa meM usake svara, sampadA, mAtrA Adi para dhyAna diyA jAtA hai / isa sAdhana ko varNayoga bhI kahate haiM / 3. artha - vastutaH arthaM kA tAtparya una sUtroM se hai, jo sahI-sahI uccAraNapUrvaka par3he jAte haiM / arthAt Atmatattva ke gUr3ha rahasya ko samajhane ke lie sUtra kA samyak artha samajhanA Avazyaka hai aura isake lie sUtroM kA zuddha uccAraNa apekSita hai / yaha sAdhana jJAnayoga kA prArambha bindu hai / 4. Alambana - isameM sAdhaka kinhIM bAhya sAdhanoM ko dhyeya mAnakara dhyAna kI kriyA karatA hai, jo mana kI ekAgratA ke lie Avazyaka hai / isa sAdhana ko uttama yogAnuSThAna kahA gayA hai / 5. anAlambana - bAhya AlambanoM kA tyAga karake kevala AtmasvarUpa kA hI cintana karane ko anAlambana yoga kahA jAtA hai| isa yoga meM bAhya padArthoM kA sampUrNataH bahiSkAra ho jAtA hai, mana kendrita ho jAtA hai, AtmasvarUpa kI pratIti hone lagatI hai aura yoga kI prakriyA pUrI ho jAtI hai| yoga ke pA~ca anuSThAna yoga-sAdhanA kI siddhi ke lie anuSThAna arthAt kriyAe~ Avazyaka haiM / AdhyAtmika vikAsa meM sahAyaka anuSThAna pA~ca prakAra ke haiM - (2) viSAnuSThAna, (2) garAnuSThAna, (3) ananuSThAna, (4) taddhetu anuSThAna tathA (5) amRtaanusstthaan| ina anuSThAnoM meM pahale tIna asadanuSThAna haiM, kyoMki ye rAgAdibhAva se yukta hone ke kAraNa laukika haiM / antima do anuSThAna rAgAdibhAva se rahita hone ke kAraNa sadanuSThAna mAne jAte haiM isalie pAralaukika haiM / 1. ThANunnatthAlambaNa-rahio taMtammi paMcahAesI / duggamitya kammajogo. tahAtiyaM nANajogo u // 2. yogabindu, 155 - yogaviMzikA, 2

Page #100
jaina yoga kA svarUpa 1. viSa-anuSThAna-isa anuSThAna meM sAdhaka kA uddezya isa janma meM labdhi athavA alaukika zaktiyoM ke dvArA kIrti, sanmAna Adi prApta karanA hotA hai| isa dRSTi se cAritra kA pAlana karanA viSa-anuSThAna kahA gayA hai| viSa-anuSThAna isalie kahA jAtA hai ki isameM rAgAdibhAvoM kI adhikatA hotI hai| 2. garAnuSThAna-isa janma ke bAda aneka prakAra ke svagika sukha bhogane kI abhilASA rakhanA aura isI dRSTi se dhArmika anuSThAnoM ko karanA garAnuSThAna hai| 3. ananaSTAna-isa anuSThAna meM guru-devAdi kI pUjA athavA satkAra kiyA jAtA hai, lekina yaha kriyA saMmachena' jIvoM kI mAnasika zanyatA jaisI hotI hai; phalataH ina kriyAoM ke prati na zraddhA hotI hai, na viveka hii| isa anuSThAna meM mAtra zarIra-nirvAha hI hotA hai| 4. taddhetu anuSThAna-isameM sAdhaka yama, niyama, dhyAna, japAdi dhArmika anuSThAnoM ko apanI zubha pravRtti dvArA karatA hai| yadyapi isa anuSThAna meM bhI rAgAdi bhAvoM kA aMza hotA hai, parantu vaha sAMsArika na hokara mokSAbhimukhI hotA hai| isalie adveSa buddhi ke kAraNa isa anuSThAna ko amRtAnuSThAna kA kAraNa mAnA gayA hai| 5. amRtAnuSThAna--sarvajJa dvArA kathita mArga kA samajha-bUjhakara evaM zraddhApUrvaka AcaraNa kara mokSa prApta karanA amRtAnuSThAna hai| sAkSAt mokSadAyaka hone ke kAraNa yaha uttama anuSThAna mAnA gayA hai| isameM samasta icchAe~ phalIbhUta hotI haiM / yoga ke anya tIna prakAra sAdhanoM kI apekSA se yoga ke pA~ca prakAroM ke atirikta tIna prakAra ke yogoM kA bhI ullekha milatA hai| ve isa prakAra haiM-(1) icchAyoga, (2) zAstrayoga tathA (3) sAmarthyayoga / 1. icchAyoga:-isa yoga meM mAtra anuSThAna karane kI icchA jAgrata 1. binA garbha ke utpanna honevAle jIvoM ko saMmUrcchana kahate haiM / 2. yogabindu, 159-160 3. kartumicchoH zrutArthasya jJAnino'pi pramAdataH / vikalo dharmayogo ya: sa icchAyoga ucyte||-yogdRssttismuccy, 3

Page #101
70 jaina yoga kA AlocanAtmaka adhyayana hotI hai / yadyapi sAdhaka anuSThAnoM ko kriyAnvita karane ke lie prayatnazIla hotA hai, tathApi vaha Alasavaza unako kAryAnvita nahIM kara paataa| 2. zAstrayoga-isa yoga meM sAdhaka Alasarahita evaM zraddhAyukta hokara anuSThAnoM kA pAlana karatA hai, jisase tAttvika bodha arthAt samyagdRSTi prApta hotI hai| 3. sAmarthyayoga-AtmakalyANa ke lie zAstroM meM yoga ke jinajina uttama anuSThAnoM kI carcA hai, unakA apanI zakti evaM sAmarthya ke anusAra mokSa-prApti ke lie pAlana karanA sAmarthyayoga hai| yaha yoga vastutaH mokSa kA sAkSAt kAraNa hai, kyoMki yaha :prAtibhajJAna se yukta tathA sarvajJatA kI prApti karAnevAlA hai| isa yoga ke sAdhaka kA anubhava anirvacanIya hotA hai / ___ sAmarthyayoga ke bhI do bheda haiN|- 1. dharmasaMnyAsayoga tathA 2. yogasaMnyAsayoga / dharmasaMnyAsayoga use kahate haiM jisameM rAgAdi se utpanna kSamA, mArdava, Arjava Adi bhAva hote haiM tathA vratoM kA pAlana karate samaya kabhI jIva unnatAvasthA meM rahatA hai to kabhI avanatadazA meN| yogasaMnyAsayoga meM jIva ko Upara-nIce hone kA prazna hI nahIM rahatA, kyoMki taba taka usane sampUrNa mana, vacana evaM kAya ke vyApAra kA pUrNataH nirodha kara liyA hotA hai| dharmasaMnyAsa-yogI AtmavikAsa karate-karate kramazaH yogasaMnyAsa kI avasthA taka pahu~catA hai| isI avasthA ko zailezIkaraNa kI avasthA bhI kahate haiN| isa avasthA kA 1. zAstrayogastviha jJeyo yathAzaktya'pramAdinaH / .. zrAddhasya tIvrabodhena vacasA'vikalastathA // -vahI, 4 2. zAstrasaMdazitopAyastadatikrAntagocaraH / zaktpudrekAdvizeSeNa saamrthyaakhyo'ymuttmH||-vhii, 5 3. na caitadevaM yattasmAt praatibhjnyaansNgtH| sAmarthyayogo'vAcyo'sti sarvajJasvAdisAdhanam // -vahI, 8 4. dvidhA yaM dharmasaMnyAsayogasaMnyAsasaMjJitaH / kSAyopazamikAdharmA yogo kAyAdikarma tu / -vahI, 9 5. dvitIyA'pUrvakaraNe prathamastAttviko bhavet / AyojyakaraNAdUdhvaM dvitIya ititadvidaH / -vahI, 10

Page #102
jaina yoga kA svarUva aparanAma ayoga-avasthA athavA sarvasaMnyAsayoga avasthA hai, kyoMki isa avasthA meM yogI kI AtmA mukti ke sAtha sambandha sthApita karatI hai / isa avasthA ko prApta karanA hI sarvottama yoga mAnA gayA hai|' adhikAriyoM kI apekSA se yogI ke prakAra yadyapi yogI ke prakAroM ke sambandha meM prakAza DAlA jA cukA hai, tathApi yahA~ adhikArI kI apekSA se yogI ke prakAroM para dRSTipAta kara lenA ucita hai| adhikArI kI dRSTi se yogI ke pramukha cAra prakAra haiM1. kulayogI, 2. gotrayogI, 3. pravRtacakrayogI tathA 4. nisspnnyogii| kulayogI-jo yogI yogasAdhanA meM lIna rahakara yathAvidhi dhArmika anuSThAnoM kA pAlana karatA hai aura kisI prakAra kA Alasa nahIM karatA, use kulayogI kahate haiN| kulayogI kA adhikArI koI bhI sAmAnya jana ho sakatA hai, kyoMki vaha icchAnusAra dharma meM pravRtta rahate hue bhI anya jIvoM ke prati rAga-dveSa nahIM rakhatA, devaguru ke prati zraddhA rakhatA hai, brahmacarya meM rata rahatA hai, brAhmaNoM kA priya hotA hai, indriyoM ko vaza meM rakhatA hai tathA vivekI, vinamra aura dayAlu hotA hai / 2 gotrayogI-sAdhaka ke gotra meM janma lenevAle yogI ko gotrayogI kahate haiN| isa yogI kA AcAra-vicAra kUlayogI ke viparIta hotA hai| vaha yama-niyamAdi kA pAlana karanevAlA nahIM hotA hai, kyoMki usakI pravRtti saMsArAbhimukha hotI hai| ataH aise vyakti ko yoga ke lie anadhikArI mAnA gayA hai| __ pravRttacakrayogI-yaha yogI kramazaH apanI mokSAbhilASA ko bar3hAne vAlA, sevAzuzrUSA arthAt dayA, prema, zIla, jJAna Adi meM yatnapUrvaka pravRtti karanevAlA hotA hai| yaha bhI yogAdhikArI hotA hai| 1. atastvayogo yogAnAM yogaH puramudAhRtaH / mokSayojana bhAvena sarvasaMnyAsa lakSaNaH / / -vahI, 11; tathA adhyAtmatattvAloka, 7 / 12 2. yogadRSTisamuccaya, 208-9 3. pravRttacakrAstu punaryama dvayasamAzrayAH / / zeSadvayArthino'tyantaM shushruussaadigunnaanvitH|| -vahIM, 210

Page #103
72 jaina yoga kA AlocanAtmaka adhyayana ... yama kI apekSA se isa yogI ke bhI cAra vibheda kiye gaye haiM1. icchAyama, 2. pravRttiyama, 3. sthirayama aura 4. siddhiyama / yahA~ yama zabda kA vyavahAra ahiMsA, satya Adi ke vAcaka ke rUpa meM huA hai| ataH ina pA~coM vratoM kA niSThApUrvaka pAlana karanevAlA, yoga-kathA meM abhiruci rakhanevAlA tathA yogakathAoM dvArA apane mana ko sthira karanevAlA yogI icchAyama kahalAtA hai / upazamAdi bhAvoM ko dhAraNa karake jo yogI yamAdi vratoM kA pAlana karatA hai, vaha pravRttiyama hai / kSayopazamabhAva se aticAroM ko cintA na karake, dRr3ha bhAvanA se yamoM kA pAlana karanevAlA yogI sthirayama kahalAtA hai aura jisako antarAtmA vizaddha hokara paramArthapada kI prApti ke lAyaka hotI hai, vaha siddhiyama yogI kahA jAtA hai / isa prakAra pravRttacakrayogI apanI Atmonnati ke lie aneka prakAra ke cAritra kA pAlana karatA huA, rAga-dveSAdi se rahita hotA hai tathA AtmagaNoM ko vRddhi ke krama meM tIna prakAra ke avaMcakroM ko pUrA karatA hai| avaMcakra ke prakAra avaMcakra tIna prakAra ke haiM-1. yogAvaMcakra, 2. kriyAvaMcakra tathA 3. phalAvaMcakra | jinake darzana se kalyANa evaM puNya kI prApti hotI hai, aise sadguruoM kA satsaMga hI yogAvaMcakra hai / pApakSaya ke lie sadguruoM kI prApti ke bAda unakI pUjA-satkAra karanA kriyAvaMcakra hai| guru ke upadezAnusAra samyakrUpa se yamaniyamAdi kA pAlana karate hue dharma kI siddhi ko prApta hokara uttama yoga ke phaloM ko pAnA phalAvaMcakra kahalAtA hai| isa prakAra yoga-prApti kI ora unmukha sAdhaka aba yogAvaMcakra 1. yamAzcaturvidhA icchApravRttisthairya siddhayaH / -yogabhedadvAtriMzikA, 25 2. yogadRSTisamuccaya, 213-16 3. yogakriyAphalAsyaM yacchayate vaMcakratrayam / sAdhUnAzritya parama bhiSulakSyakriyopamam / -vahI, 34 4. vahI, 217-18

Page #104
jaina yoga kA svarUpa 73 nAmaka prathama yoga ko pUrNatayA siddha kara letA hai aura phira zeSa dona avaMcakroM ko sAdha letA hai, taba vaha pravRttacakrayogI kahA jAtA hai / " niSpannayogI -- usa yogI ko kahate haiM, jisakA yoga niSpatra arthAt pUrA ho gayA hai / ataH isa yogI ko bhI yoga kA adhikArI nahIM mAnA gayA hai, kyoMki siddhi kI prApti ke adhika nikaTa hone ke kAraNa isa yoga meM dharma-vyApAra kA sarvathA lopa ho jAtA hai aura yogI ke lie kucha bhI karanA zeSa nahIM rahatA / japa evaM usakA phala cU~ki dhyAna ke antargata hI vibhinna prakAra ke mantroM, japoM Adi kA vidhAna hai, ataH inake sambandha meM vistRta rUpa se varNana Age kiyA jAyegA / isake sambandha meM kucha vicAra kara lenA yahA~ prasaMgocita jAna par3atA hai, kyoMki inake dvArA yoga ke svarUpa kA pUrNa pratibimba spaSTa hotA hai / kisI mantra kA bAra-bAra cintana-manana karanA hI japa hai / mantra devatA athavA jinendra kI stuti se sambandhita hotA hai aura ina mantroM se jahA~ pApa, kleza, viSAda Adi dUra hote haiM, vahA~ mAnasika ekAgratA bhI prApta hotI hai / aise jApoM se moha, indriyalipsA, kAma Adi kaSAyoM kA zamana hotA hai aura manojaya, parISahajaya, karmanirodha, karmanirjarA, mokSa tathA zAzvata Atmasukha prApta hotA hai / kuNDalinI jahA~ taka jaina- yoga kA sambandha hai, kuNDalinI kI carcA na Agama granthoM 1. AdyAvaMcakrayogAptyA tadanyadvayalAbhinaH / ete'dhikAriNo yogaprayogasyeti tadvidaH // 2. japaH sanmaMtraviSayaH sa cokto devatAstavaH / dRSTaH pApApahAro'smAdviSApaharaNaM yathA // - yogabindu, 381 3. sanmaMtrajapanenAho, pApAriH kSIyatetarAm / -vahI, 211 mohAkSasmara caurAdyaiH kaSAyaiH saha durdharaiH / 150; manaH parISahAdInAM jayaH karmanirodhanam / 1 nirjarA karmaNAM mokSaH syAtsukhaM svAtmajaM satAm / 151, , ---namaskAra svAdhyAya (saMskRta), pR0 14

Page #105
74 jaina yoga kA AlocanAtmaka adhyayana meM prApta hotI hai, na paravartI yoga-viSayaka vAGmaya meN| kevala mantrarAjarahasya' nAmaka pustaka meM kuNDalinI kI carcA milatI hai| yogazAstra evaM jJAnArNava meM dhyAna ke antargata avazya kucha yaugika kriyAoM kA varNana milatA hai, jisakA sambandha kuNDalinI se hai| yadyapi una yaugika kriyAoM para Age vicAra kiyA jAyegA, lekina yahAM kevala itanA ullekha kara denA Avazyaka hai ki kuNDalinI dvArA yogI AtmasvarUpa kI prApti karatA hai| arthAt yogI kuNDalinI ke navacakroM ke AdhAra para kramazaH japa evaM mantroM kA cintana karate-karate mana ko ekAgra karatA hai tathA Atmadarzana karane meM samartha hotA hai| kuNDalinI ke navacakra isa prakAra haiM-1. gudA ke madhyabhAga meM AdhAra cakra, 2. liMgamUla ke pAsa svAdhiSThAna cakra, 3. nAbhi ke pAsa maNipUra cakra, 4. hRdaya ke pAsa anAhata cakra, 5. kaNTha ke pAsa vizuddha cakra, 6. ghaNTikA ke pAsa lalanA cakra, 7. kapAlasthita AjJA cakra, 8. mUrdhvAsthita brahmarandhra cakra evaM 9. urvabhAga sthita suSumnA ckr| jaina yoga-sAdhanA zArIrika kaSToM arthAt aneka prakAra ke tapoM para bhI jora detI hai, kyoMki unake dvArA indriyoM ke viSayoM ko sthira kiyA jAtA hai| indriyoM ko sthira karane para mana ekAgra hokara anekavidha dharma-vyApAroM dvArA cittazuddhi, samatAbhAva Adi guNoM ko prApta karatA hai, jinase ki sAdhaka kramazaH Atmonnati karatA huA apane sampUrNa karmoM kA kSaya karate hue mokSasukha ko prApta karatA hai / 1. vi0 saM0 1333 meM racita / - -jaina sAhitya kA vRhad itihAsa, bhA0 4, pR0 310 2. gudamadhya liMgamUlenAbhI hRdi kaNTha-ghaTikA bhAle / mUrdhanyUrve navaSaTka (cakra) ThAntA paMca bhaaleyutaaH|| -namaskAra svAdhyAya (saMskRta), pR0 121

Page #106
: 4 : (1) zrAvakAcAra jaina-darzanAnusAra ratnatraya arthAt samyagdarzana, samyagjJAna evaM samyak cAritra ko, jo ki mokSa ke kAraNabhUta haiM, sAdhana-yoga mAnA gayA hai / ' ataH yoga ke lie cAritra AdhArastambha hai, kyoMki samyakcAritra kI prApti hone para hI sAdhaka athavA yogI apanI antarbAhya pravRttiyoM ko saMyamita karake athavA bhoga- kaSAyAdi pravRttiyoM ko niyantrita karane para AtmasvarUpa kA cintana karane yogya banatA hai | cAritra kA samyak pAlaka yogI hI vairAgya tathA samatA kI ora unmukha hokara Atma cintana meM sthira hotA hai / isa prakAra yoga ke lie cAritra eka anivArya sAdhana hai, jisase Atmika vikAsa evaM mokSa kI prApti hotI hai / yoga ke sAdhana : AcAra cAritra meM zuddha AcAra-vicAra kA bar3A mahattva hai, kyoMki AcAra evaM vicAra donoM parasparAvalaMbI haiM aura donoM ke samyak pAlana se hI cAritra kA utkarSa hotA hai / isI ko dhyAna meM rakhakara jaina yoga meM AcAra-vicAra ke samyak pAlana kA vidhAna hai / binA AcAra-vicAra kI zuddhi ke cAritra kI prApti nahIM ho sakatI aura binA cAritra kI sampannatA ke na yoga sambhava hai tathA na mokSa kI prApti ho / ataH cAritra kI dRr3hatA evaM sampannatA ke lie jaina-darzana meM vibhinna vratoM, kriyAoM, vidhiyoM, niyama-upaniyamoM Adi kA vidhAna hai jinameM tapa, Asana, prANAyAma, dhAraNA, pratyAhAra, dhyAna Adi pramukha haiM / isa saMdarbha meM nirdeza kiyA gayA hai ki dhyAnAdi niyama uttarottara citta kI zuddhi karate haiM, isalie ye sabhI cAritra hI haiN| 1. caturvarge'graNI mokSo, yogostasya ca kAraNam / jJAna-zraddhAna- cAritrarUpaM, ratnatrayaM ca saH // - yogazAstra, 115 2. cAritriNastu vijJeyaH zuddhayapekSo yathottaram / dhyAnAdirUpo niyamAt tathA tAttvika eva tu // - yogabindu, 371

Page #107
jaina yoga kA AlocanAtmaka adhyayana yoga kI sampannatA evaM saphalatA athavA cAritra kI prApti ke lie gRhasthoM ( zrAvakoM ) evaM zramaNoM ( sAdhuoM) ke AcAra-vicAroM ke vidhAna alaga-alaga haiM; kyoMki donoM kI sAdhanA-bhUmi athavA jIvanavyavahAra alaga-alaga haiM / isa dRSTi se zrAvakAcAra evaM sAdhvAcAra kA digdarzana Avazyaka jAna par3atA hai / isa sandarbha meM yaha bhI nirdeza kara denA Avazyaka pratIta hotA hai ki jaina zrAvaka apane samyak AcAra-vicAra ke paripAlana se sAdhutva taka pahu~ca sakatA hai evaM sAdhvAcAra ke samyak paripAlana se mokSa prApta kara sakatA hai / isa dRSTi se yoga ke vikAsa evaM mahattva ke pratipAdana ke lie kramazaH vaidika, bauddha evaM jaina AcAra - vikAsa kA siMhAvalokana karanA bhI Avazyaka hogA / 76 vaidika paramparAsammata AcAra yadyapi vedakAlIna sAhitya ke anusAra aihika sukha prApti hI jIvana kA lakSya rahA hai, tathApi saMhitAoM ke adhyayana se aisA pratIta hotA hai ki logoM ke hRdaya meM satya, dAna, Adi ke prati sammAna thA, kyoMki vividha prakAra ke niyamoM, guNoM evaM daNDoM ke pravartakoM ke rUpa meM vibhinna devoM kI kalpanA kI gayI hai / ' upaniSadoM meM dArzanika bhitti para sadAcAra, santoSa, satya Adi Atmika guNoM kA vidhAna hai aura inheM AtmAnubhUti ke lie Avazyaka mAnA gayA hai, kyoMki una guNoM ke AcaraNa se zreya kI prApti hotI hai / yahI kAraNa hai ki upaniSadoM meM brahmacarya, aparigraha, satya Adi vratoM ke pAlana kA Adeza hai aura sAdhaka ke lie sAdhya kI ora bar3hane ke lie dasa yamoM kA saMyamapUrvaka pAlana karanA tathA zuddha Atma-tattva kI pahacAna karanA Avazyaka mAnA gayA hai / " smRtizAstroM meM AcAra, vicAra, vyavahAra, prAyazcitta, daNDa Adi kA vidhAna vistArapUrvaka varNita hai, jinameM cAroM Azrama ( brahmacarya, gRhastha, vAnaprastha evaM saMnyAsa ) evaM cAroM varNo sambandhI vidhi 1. jaina AcAra, pR0 9 2. brahmacaryamahiMsAM cAparigrahaM ca satyaM ca yatnena / - AruNikopaniSad, 3 3. tatrAhiMsAsatyAsteyabrahmacaryaM dayAjapakSamAdhRtimitAhArazaucAni ceti yamA daza / - zANDilyopaniSad, 1

Page #108
yoga ke sAdhana : AcAra vidhAnoM evaM kartavyoM kA varNana hai tathA yogI sAdhaka ke lie gRhasthAzrama mahattvapUrNa mAnA gayA hai / sadAcAra, dama, ahiMsA, dAna, kartavya, svAdhyAya Adi evaM yogAbhyAsa dvArA Atma-darzana karanA cAhie tathA indriyoM ko viSayoM se rokakara siddhi prApta karanI cAhie | 3 mahAbhArata to vaidika saMskRti kA AcAra - koza hI hai / isameM paga-paga para gRhastha, yogI, tyAgI Adi ke AcAra, vicAra, AhAra Adi sambandhI varNana bharA hai| isameM jahA~ mana, indriya, satya, kAma, krodhAdi kaSAyoM kA nirUpaNa hai vahA~ vrata, upavAsa, brahmacarya, atithi sevA" kA bhI vidhAna hai / gRhastha sambandhI karttavyoM kA pAlana karane para vizeSa jora dete hue kahA gayA hai ki vahI sAdhaka paramAtmA ko prApta karatA hai jo gRhastha-dharma kA samyak rUpa se pAlana karatA hai / 7 6 9 gItA mahAbhArata kA hI eka aMga hai / isameM bhI vibhinna yogoM ke mAdhyama se yajJa meM honevAlI hiMsA ko anAvazyaka' batAyA gayA hai aura ahiMsA, samatA santoSa, tapa, kIrti Adi bhAvoM ke samyak pAlana kA upadeza hai / isameM yati muni ko indriyasaMyamI, icchAbhayarahita, krodharahita, mokSaparAyaNa tathA mukta 10 mAnA gayA hai aura vedavid tathA vItarAga kahA gayA hai | 19 isa prakAra gItA meM vibhinna prakAra ke AcAra 1. ( ka ) manusmRti, adhyAya 2, 377 (kha) yAjJavalkyasmRti ( brahmacArI prakaraNa ), 17-23; ( gRhasthaprakaraNa ) 97 - 103 ; 118 - 24 2. ijyAcAradamA hisAdAnaM svAdhyAyakammaM ca / ayaM tu paramo dharmo yadyogenAtmadarzanam // 3. iMdriyANAM prasaMgena doSamRcchatyasaMzayam / saMniyamya tu tAnyeva tataH siddhi niyacchati || - manusmRti, 2 93 4. mahAbhArata, Apaddharma, adhyAya, 160 5. vahI, mokSadharma, 221 7. vahI, mokSadharma, 220 9. ahiMsA samatA tuSTistapo dAnaM yazo'yazaH / - vahI, 1015 10. yatendriyamanobuddhirmunirmokSaparAyaNaH / - - yAjJavalkyasmRti, 8 6. vahI, zAntiparva, 12 8. bhagavadgItA, 4 23- 33 vigatecchAbhayakrodho yaH sadA mukta eva saH / - vahI 5 / 28 1 11. vahI, 5 / 26 ; 8 11 77

Page #109
'78 jaina yoga kA AlocanAtmaka adhyayana vicAra kA saMyojana hai, jinameM gRhastha evaM muni dharmoM kI jhA~kI prastuta kI gayI hai| purANoM meM bhI kathA evaM AkhyAnoM ke mAdhyama se taraha-taraha ke AcAra-vicAra kA pratipAdana huA hai, jinameM vAnaprastha ke kartavyoM kA, yatidharma kA gRhastha sambandhI sadAcAra kA tathA mokSadharma kA prarUpaNa hai| ina AcAra-paddhatiyoM ke dvArA satya kI prApti, cAritra kA nirmANa tathA jIvana ko saMyamamaya banAne kA upadeza hai / vaidika darzanoM meM bhI yamaniyama tathA yogazAstravihita adhyAtmavidhi tathA upAyasamUha dvArA AtmasaMskAra kA ullekha hai aura batAyA gayA hai ki yogiyoM ko AtmapratyakSa hotA hai evaM Atmakarma se mokSa kI prApti hotI hai| yogadarzana meM tapa, svAdhyAya, Izvara-prANidhAna ko kriyAyoga" kahA gayA hai, kyoMki inase samAdhi kI utpatti tathA klezoM kA zamana hotA hai| yoga kI yaha sAdhanA sampanna hone para hI kaivalya kI prApti hotI hai aura isa sAdhanA ke lie vibhinna samyak AcAroM kA saphala anusaraNa aSTAMgayoga dvArA hotA hai| bauddha-paramparA meM AcAra bauddha-paramparA meM bhI zrAvakoM evaM zramaNoM ke AcAra evaM vicAra para vizeSa bala diyA gayA hai| itanA avazya hai ki bauddha-paramparA meM gRhasthoM kI apekSA zramaNoM ke AcAra-vicAra, khAna-pAna, rahana-sahana Adi se sambandhita niyama-upaniyamoM kA vidhAna vizeSa hai| yahI kAraNa hai ki zramaNoM kA mukhya dharma hai zIla evaM prajJA kA samucita pAlana krnaa| 1. zrI bhAgavatapurANa, skandha 7, adhyAya 12 2. vahI, 3. vahI, 14 4. vahI, 5. tadarthayamaniyamAbhyAmAtmasaMskAroyogAccAdhyAtmavidhyupAyaiH / -nyAyadarzana, 4 / 2 / 46 6. vaizeSikadarzana, 6 / 2 / 16 7. tapaHsvAdhyAyezvarapraNidhAnAni kriyAyogaH |-yogdrshn, 2 / 1 8. samAdhibhAvanArthaH klezatanUkaraNArthazca |-vhii, 222

Page #110
yoga ke sAdhana : AcAra yahAM zIla kA tAtparya dharma ko dhAraNa karanA, kartavyoM meM pravRtta honA tathA akartavyoM se parAGmukha honA hai|' samAdhi kA tAtparya citta meM ekAgratA arthAt eka hI Alambana meM citta ko sthApita karanA hai| kuzala cittayukta vipazya vivekajJAna hI prajJA hai| isa prakAra ina tInoM sAdhanoM ke samyak paripAlana dvArA hI zramaNa sAdhaka ko nirvANa kI prApti hotI hai| jaina-paramparA meM AcAra jaina-paramparA meM AcAra athavA cAritradharma kA sarvAdhika mahattva hai| jaina-paramparA meM zrAvaka tathA zramaNa donoM ke AcAra-vicAra kA ati vistRta varNana upalabdha hai| zrAvaka evaM zramaNa ke vibhinna AcAra-vidhAnoM kA vidhivat pAlana karane kA nirdeza hai, kyoMki mukti-lAbha ke lie vizuddha vicAroM ke sAtha-sAtha vizuddha arthAt aticArarahita AcaraNa apekSita hai| yahI kAraNa hai ki mokSa ke hetubhUta samasta dharma-vyApArakriyA ko yoga kahA gayA hai aura prakAzaka jJAna, zodhaka tapa tathA guptikArI saMyama ina tInoM ke samAyoga ko jinazAsana meM mokSa kahA gayA hai| isI vicAra ke samAnAntara muktilAbha ke lie jJAna, darzana, cAritra tathA tapa kA vidhAna hai, jo samyagdarzana, samyagjJAna tathA samyak cAritra meM samAviSTa haiN| ina tInoM ko ratnatraya kahate haiN| dharma, artha, kAma tathA mokSa ina cAra puruSArthoM meM mokSa pramukha hai| ataH mokSa-prApti ke jo kAraNabhUta sAdhana haiM, vahI yoga hai| arthAt jJAna, zraddhA aura 1. vizuddhimArga, 1 / 19-25 2. vahI, 332-3 3. vahI, 14 / 2-3 4. darzana aura cintana, khaNDa 1, pR 241 5. NANaM payAsagaM sohao tavo saMjamo ya guttikro| tiNhapi samAjoge mokkho jiNasAsaNe bhnnio| -Avazyakaniyukti, 103 6. nANaM ca daMsaNaM caiva, caritaM ca tavo thaa| esa maNutti pannato, jiNehiM varadaMsihiM / / -uttarAdhyana, 28 / 2 7. samyagdarzanajJAnacAritrANi mokssmaarg:| -tattvArthasUtra, 111

Page #111
80 jaina yoga kA AlocanAtmaka adhyayana cAritra hI yoga hai / dUsare zabdoM meM samyagdarzana, jJAna evaM cAritra nizcaya yoga bhI hai aura vyavahAra-yoga bhI / AtmA ratnatrayasvarUpa hai aura usI ko satyArthaM samajhanA nizcayadRSTi se yoga hai, kyoMki vahI mokSa hai / ratnatraya ke pAlana se athavA svarUpAcaraNa se jIva ke pariNAmoM meM zuddhatA AtI hai aura jyoM-jyoM pariNAmoM meM uttarottara vikAsa hotA jAtA hai tyoM-tyoM karmavikAra ghaTate jAte haiM aura sAdhaka mokSa kA adhikArI bana jAtA hai / AtmavikAsa ke lie cAritra ke antargata aneka yamaniyamoM kA, zAstrIya vidhi-niSedhoM kA anusaraNa Avazyaka hai aura AdhyAtmika zikSA kA sahArA lenA par3atA hai / kAraNa meM kArya ke upacAra kI dRSTi se samyagjJAnAdi ke kAraNoM kA AtmA ke sAtha jo sambandha hai, use vyavahArayoga kahate haiM 13 ataH dharmazAstrokta vidhi ke anusAra guru kI vinaya tathA paricaryA Adi karanA aura yathAzakti vidhiniSedhoM kA pAlana karanA vyavahArayoga hai / samyagdarzana jaina-darzana meM darzana zabda anAkAra- jJAna kA pratIka mAnA gayA hai " aura zraddhA ke artha meM bhI prayukta huA hai / 6 sahI darzana sahI jJAna taka aura sahI jJAna hI sahI AcaraNa taka le jAne kI kSamatA rakhatA hai / 7 ataH dharma kA mUla darzana hai / isa dRSTi se AptavacanoM tathA tattvoM para zraddhAna hI samyagdarzana hai / ' AptapuruSa vaha hai jo aThAraha doSoM se vimukta 1. abhidhAnacintAmaNi, 177 2. nicchAyao iha jogo sannANAINa tinha saMbaMdho / mokkheNa joyaNAo niddiTTho joginAddehiM / - yogazataka, 2 3. vavahArao ya eso vinneo eyakAraNANaM pi / jo sambandho vi ya kAraNajjovayArAo / 4. guruviNao sussusAiyA ya vihiNA u dhammasatthe / taha cevANuTThANaM vihipa Disehesu jahasatI / - vahI, 5 5. sAkAraM jJAnaM anAkAraM darzanam / - tattvArtharAjavArtika, pR0 86 6. uttarAdhyayana, 28 35 7. vahI, 28 30 8. samayasAra, 14 yogazataka, 4

Page #112
sAnA, yoga ke sAdhana : AcAra ho|' AptavacanoM ke prati zraddhAna, ruci, anurAga, Adara, sevA evaM bhakti rakhane se satya kA sAkSAtkAra hotA hai| ___jIva, ajIva, Asrava, bandha, saMvara, nirjarA tathA mokSa ke prati zraddhAna yA vizvAsa hI samyaktva hai| AtmA paradravyoM se bhinna hai, yaha zraddhA hI samyaktva hai| isa prakAra samyaktva kI prApti ke lie saccA guru evaM dharma-buddhi Avazyaka hai, jinake dvArA yathArtha-ayathArtha kA viveka utpanna hotA hai| samyaktva ke pAMca lakSaNa 1. zama-krodha, mAna, mAyA tathA lobha kA udaya na honA, 2. saMvega-mokSa kI abhilASA, 3. nirveda-saMsAra ke prati virakti, 4. anukampA-binA bhedabhAva ke duHkhI jIvoM ke duHkha ko dUra karane kI bhAvanA, 5. Astikya--sarvajJa vItarAga dvArA kathita tattvoM para dRr3ha shrddhaa| samyaktva ke paccIsa doSa samyaktva ke paccIsa doSa mAne gaye haiM, jo samyaktva kI prApti ke mArga meM avarodha utpanna karate haiN| unase sAdhaka ko rahita hone kA 1. puha taNhA bhaya doso rAyo moho jarA rujA cintA / miccU kheo seo arai mao vimhao jarma / niddA tahA visAo dosA eehiM vajjio atA / vayaNaM tasya pamANaM saMtattthaparuvayaM jamhA // -vasunandi zrAvakAcAra, 8-9 arthAt-kSudhA, tRSA, bhaya, dveSa, rAga, moha, jarA, roga, cintA, mRtyu, kheda, sveda, arati, mada, vismaya, janma, nidrA aura viSAda ye aThAraha doSa haiM / jo AtmA ina doSoM se rahita hai, vahI Apta hai aura isI Apta ke vacana pramANa mAne jAte haiN| 2. (ka) tattvArtha zraddhAnaM samyagdarzanam / -tattvArthasUtra, 12 (kha) jIvAjIvAsravabandhasaMvaranirjarAmokSAstattvam |-vhii, 114 (ga) rucijinoktatattveSu, samyak zraddhAnamucyate |-yogshaastr, 1117 3. paradravyanateM bhinna ApameM ruci, samyaktva bhalA hai| -chahaDhAlA, 312 4. zama-saMvega nirvedAnukampA''stikya lkssnneH| lakSaNaH paMcabhiH samyak, samyaktvamupalakSyate // -yogazAstra, 2015

Page #113
82 jaina yoga kA AlocanAtmaka adhyayana Adeza hai| ve doSa isa prakAra haiM-tIna mUr3hatAe~, ATha mada, chaha anAyatana aura ATha zaMkA Adi / tona mUr3hatAe~-1. devamUr3hatA, 2. gurumUr3hatA evaM 3. loka muuddh'taa| Au mada-(1) jJAna, (2) adhikAra, (3) kula, (4) jAti, (5) bala, (6) aizvarya, (7) tapa aura (8) rUpa / chaha anAyatana-(1) kudeva, (2) kudevamandira, (3) kuzAstra, (4) kuzAstra ke dhAraka, (5) kutapa evaM (6) kutapa ke dhaark| ATha zaMkA Adi (samyaktva ke ATha aMgoM se viparIta)-(1) zaMkA, (2) kAMkSA, (3) vicikitsA, (4) anyadRSTi prazaMsA, (5) nindA, (6) asthitIkaraNa, (7) avAtsalya aura (8) aprbhaavnaa| inhIM doSoM meM samyaktva ke pA~ca aticAroM kA antarbhAva hai| samyagjJAna ___ samyagdarzanapUrvaka hI samyagjJAna hotA hai| samyagdarzana ke lie jina tattvoM para zraddhAna athavA vizvAsa apekSita hai, unako vidhivat jAnane kA prayatna karanA hI samyagjJAna kA lakSya hai| arthAt aneka dharmayakta sva tathA para-padArtho ko yathAvat jAnanA hI samyagjJAna hai| vastutaH jIva mithyAjJAna ke kAraNa cetana-acetana vastuoM ko ekarUpa samajhatA hai, parantu cetanasvabhAvI jIva yA AtmA acetana yA jar3a 1. mUDhatrayaM madAzcASTau tathA'nAyatAni SaD / ___ aSTau zaMkAdayazceti dRgdoSAH paMcaviMzati / / -upAsakAdhyayana, 211241 2. yogazAstra meM samyaktva ke pA~ca doSa kramazaH zaMkA, kAMkSA, vicikitsA, mithyASTiprazaMsA tathA mithyAdRSTisaMstava batAye gaye haiN| zaMkAkAGkSAvicikitsA-mithyAdRSTiprazaMsanam / tatsaMstavazca paMcApi, samyaktvaM dUSayantyalam / -yogazAstra, 2017 3. nANeNaM jANaI bhaave| -uttarAdhyayana, 28 / 35 4. svApUrvArthavyavasAyAtmakaM jJAnaM pramANam / --prameyaratnamAlA, 1

Page #114
83 'yoga ke sAdhana : AcAra padArtho ke sAtha ekIbhUta kaise ho sakatA hai ? viSaya-bheda ke kAraNa isake cAra bheda haiM, jinakA varNana yahA~ Avazyaka nahIM hai| samyagdarzana ke binA samyagjJAna kA honA asaMbhava hai| samyagjJAna ke tIna doSa-saMzaya, viparyaya tathA anadhyavasAya sva tathA para padArthoM ke antara ko jAnane ke mArga meM bAdhaka haiN| ataH ina tInoM doSoM ko dUra karake AtmasvarUpa ko jAnanA caahie|' AtmasvarUpa kA jAnanA hI nizcayadRSTi se samyagjJAna hai / samyakacAritra samyagdarzana tathA samyagjJAna hone ke bAda cAritra samyakcAritra ho jAtA hai| kyoMki dRSTi meM parivartana A jAtA hai, dRSTi parizaddha, yathArtha bana jAtI hai| rAga-dveSAdi kaSAya-pariNAmoM ke parimArjana ke lie ahiMsA, satyAdi vratoM kA pAlana karane ke lie samyakcAritra kA vidhAna hai|" jJAnasahita cAritra hI nirjarA tathA mokSa kA hetu hai| dUsare zabdoM meM ajJAnapUrvaka cAritra kA grahaNa samyak nahIM hotA, isalie cAritra kA ArAdhana samyagjJAnapUrvaka hI samyaka kahA gayA hai| 1. prathamAnuyoga, karaNAnuyoga, caraNAnuyoga, dravyAnuyoga / -samIcIna dharmazAstra, 2, 43-46 2. . samyagjJAnaM kArya samyaktvaM kAraNaM vadanti jinAH / jJAnArAdhanamiSTaM, samyaktvAnantaraM tasmAt / / kAraNakAryavidhAnaM samakAlaM jAyanorapi hi / dIpaprakAzayoriva, samyaktvajJAnayoH sughaTam / / -puruSArthasiddhayupAya, 33-34 3. tAtai jinavaraka thita tattvaabhyAsa karIje / saMzaya vibhrama moha tyAga, Apo lakha lIje // --chahaDhAlA, 4 / 6 4. AparUpa ko jAnapanau so samyagjJAna kalA hai| ---chahaDhAlA, 332 5. mohatimirA'paharaNe, darzanalAbhAdavAptasaMjJAnaH / / rAgadveSa nivRtyai caraNaM pratipadyate sAdhuH / / -samIcIna dharmazAstra, 3121147 6. nahi samyagvyapadezaM cAritramajJAnapUrvakaM labhate / jJAnAntaramukta, cAritrArAdhanaM tasmAt // -puruSArthasiddhayupAya, 38

Page #115
jaina yoga kA AlocanAtmaka adhyayana zramaNa evaM gRhastha kI dRSTi se cAritra do prakAra kA hai' - ( 1 ) sakalacAritra aura (2) vikalacAritra / bAhya tathA Abhyantara donoM prakAra ke parigrahoM ke tyAgapUrvaka zramaNa dvArA gRhIta cAritra sarvasaMyamI arthAt sakalacAritra hai / gRhasthoM yA zrAvakoM dvArA gRhIta cAritra dezasaMyata arthAt vikalacAritra hai / ukta donoM prakAra ke cAritra ko kramazaH sarvadeza tathA ekadeza " kahA gayA hai / cAritra ke pA~ca bhedoM kA bhI varNana kiyA gayA hai - ( 1 ) sAmAyika, (2) chedopasthApanA, (3) parihAravizuddhi, (4) sUkSma saMparAya tathA ( 5 ) yathAkhyAta | 2 84 1. sAmAyika cAritra - jisakA rAga-dveSa pariNAma zAnta hai arthAt samacitta hai, use sAmAyikacAritra kahate haiM / isa cAritra kI prApti ke bAda mana meM kisI prakAra kI IrSyA, moha Adi nahIM raha pAte / 2. chedopasthApanAcAritra - pahalI dIkSA grahaNa karane ke bAda viziSTa zruta kA abhyAsa kara cukane para vizeSa zuddhi ke lie jIvana bhara ke lie jo punaH dIkSA lI jAtI hai aura prathama lI huI dIkSA meM doSApatti Ane se usakA uccheda karake punaH naye sire se jo dIkSA kA AropaNa kiyA jAtA hai use chedopasthApanA - cAritra kahate haiM / 3. sUkSmasaMparAyacAritra - jahA~ sUkSma kaSAya vidyamAna ho arthAt kiMcit lobha Adi hoM, vaha sUkSmasaMparAyacAritra hai / 4. parihAravizuddhicAritra - karma - maloM ko dUra karane ke lie viziSTa. tapa kA avalambana lene ko arthAt AtmA kI zuddhi karane ko parihAravizuddhicAritra kahate haiM / 1. sakalaM vikalaM caraNaM tatsakalaM sarvasaMga - viratAnAm / anagArANAM vikalaM sAgArANAM sasaMgAnAm // ? 2. chahaDhAlA, 4 10 3. sAmAiyattha paDhamaM, cheovaTThAvaNaM bhave bIyaM / parihAravisuddhIyaM, suhumaM taha saMparAyaM ca // akasAyaM ahakkhAyaM, chaumatthassa jiNassa vA / eyaM cayaritakaraM cAritaM hoi AhiyaM // - uttarAdhyayana, 28 32-33 - samIcIna dharmazAstra, 324|50 "

Page #116
yoga ke sAdhana : AcAra 85 5. yathAkhyAtacAritra-AtmA meM sthita lobhAdi kaSAyoM kA bhI abhAva ho jAnA yathAkhyAtacAritra hai / yaha avasthA siddhapada ke pUrva cAritra - vikAsa kI pUrNatA kI sUcaka hai / isa saMdarbha meM yogAdhikArI kI dRSTi se bhI cAritra ke cAra bheda varNita 'haiM aura cAritra arthAt cAritrazIla ke kramazaH cAra lakSaNoM kA pratipAdana kiyA gayA hai / ve cAra lakSaNa isa prakAra haiM - (1) apunarbandhaka, (2) samyagdRSTi, (3) dezavirati tathA (4) sarvavirati / 1. apunarbandhaka - jo utkaTa klezapUrvaka pApa karma na kare, jo bhayAnaka duHkhapUrNa saMsAra meM lipta na rahe aura kauTumbika, laukika evaM dhArmika Adi saba bAtoM meM nyAyayukta maryAdA kA anupAlana kare, vaha apunabandhaka hai / 2. samyagdRSTi - dharma-zravaNa kI icchA, dharma meM ruci, samAdhAna yA svasthatA banI rahe, isa taraha guru evaM deva kI niyamita paricaryA ye saba samyagdRSTi jIva ke liMga haiM / 3. dezavirati - mArgAnusArI, zraddhAlu, dharma-upadeza ke yogya, kriyAtatpara, guNAnurAgI aura zakya bAtoM meM hI prayatna karanevAlA dezavirati cAritrI hotA hai / 4. sarvavirati - antima vItarAgadazA prApta hone taka sAmAyika yAnI zuddhi ke tAratamya ke anusAra tathA zAstrajJAna ko jIvana meM utArane kI pariNati ke tAratamya ke anusAra sarvavirati cAritro hotA hai / 1. pAvaM na tivvabhAvA kuNai na bahu mannaI bhavaM ghoraM / uciTThiiM ca sevai savvattha vi apuNabaMdho tti // 13 // sussUsa dhammarAo gurudevANaM jahAsamAhIe / veyAvacce niyamo sammaddiThissa ligAI || 14 || maggaNusArI saddho pannavaNijjo kiyAvaro ceva / guNarAgI sakkAraMbhasaMgao taha ya cAritI // 15 // eso sAmAiyasuddhibheyao'NegahA muNeyavvo / ANApariNaimeyA aMte 2. yogabindu, 352-53 jA vIyarAgotti // 16 // - yogazataka

Page #117
jaina yoga kA AlocanAtmaka adhyayanaH prathama adhikArI ( cAritrI ) meM mithyAjJAna ke rahane se darzana prakaTa nahIM hotA, kyoMki darzanamohanIya karma astitva meM rahatA hai / dvitIya adhikArI meM mohanIya karma kA kSaya hotA hai, parantu vItarAgatA kI prApti nahIM hotii| tIsare adhikArI meM karma alpAMza meM naSTa hote haiM, kintu pUrNata: nahIM / aura cauthe meM jAte-jAte pUre karma DhIle par3a jAte haiM tathA pUrNa cAritra kA udaya ho jAtA hai / " 86 isa prakAra samyagdarzana, samyagjJAna tathA samyakcAritra AtmavikAsa kI kramika sIr3hiyA~ haiM, mokSa mArga ke sAdhana haiM; kyoMki inake dvArA kramakrama se AtmavikAsa hotA hai, kaSAya evaM karma kSINa hote jAte haiM aura svAnubhUti kI paridhi kA vistAra hotA jAtA hai tathA eka aisI avasthA AtI hai jaba sAdhaka mokSa kA adhikArI bana jAtA hai / cAritra ke do bheda pUrvaM varNita cAritra ke do bheda - sakalacAritra evaM vikalacAritra, kramazaH zramaNa evaM zrAvaka ke hote haiM; kyoMki muni jahA~ bAhya evaM Abhyantara donoM prakAra ke parigrahoM kA tyAgI hotA hai vahA~ zrAvaka vaisA na hokara kucha parigrahoM kA tyAgI hotA hai / muni virakta evaM gRhatyAgI hone ke kAraNa aisA karane meM sakSama ho sakate haiM, lekina zrAvaka ke lie sarvasaMga parityAgI bananA azakya hai / use jIvikopArjana ke lie vividha udyoga-vyavasAya Adi kA avalambana lenA par3atA hai / isa prakAra moTe taura para jainazAstra meM do prakAra kI AcAra saMhitAoM kA vidhAna hai, jinakA varNana kramazaH yahA~ kiyA jAtA hai / * zrAvakAcAra zrAvaka dezasaMyamI hotA hai / usake AcAra meM maryAdApUrvaka AtmavikAsa kI chUTa hai / yahI kAraNa hai ki Arambha samArambhapUrNa zrAvakadharma meM sadAcAra evaM sadvicAra kI pratiSThA dvArA nirvANa, vItarAgatA kI prApti kA vidhAna hai | zrAvakAcAra zramaNAcAra kA pUraka athavA usa dizA meM sahAyaka hotA hai / 1. yogazataka, pR0 21

Page #118
yoga ke sAdhana ! AcAra zrAvaka ke lie dezasaMyamI, gRhastha, zrAddha, upAsaka, aNuvrato, dezavirata, sAgAra, AgArI Adi zabdoM ke bhI prayoga hote haiN|' zrAvaka ke vibhinna dRSTiyoM se kaI bheda-prabheda kiye gaye haiN| sAgAradharmAmRta ke anusAra zrAvaka tIna prakAra ke haiM-1. pAkSika, 2. naiSThika, aura 3. sAdhaka / nirgrantha dharma meM zraddhA rakhanevAlA pAkSika, zrAvakadharma kA pAlana karanevAlA naiSThika tathA AtmadhyAna meM lIna hokara saMlekhanA lenevAlA sAdhaka hai| gyAraha pratimAoM ke AdhAra para bhI zrAvaka tIna prakAra ke kahe gaye haiM 3 - 1. jaghanya, 2. madhyama tathA 3. utkRSTa / cAmuNDarAya ne gRhastha ko brahmacarya, gRhastha, vAnaprastha aura saMnyAsa ina cAra AzramoM meM vibhAjita kiyA hai| isameM vaidika paramparA kA anukaraNa spaSTa dIkha par3atA hai| haribhadra ne sAmAnya aura vizeSa do prakAra ke zrAvaka batAye haiN|5 zrAvaka ke bheda-vibheda meM na jAkara yahA~ kevala zrAvakAcAra kA pratipAdana karanA hI abhISTa hai| zrAvaka-dharma athavA zrAvakAcAra kA prarUpaNa mukhyataH tIna prakAra se kiyA gayA hai.---(1) bAraha vratoM ke AdhAra para, (2) gyAraha pratimAoM ke AdhAra para tathA (3) pakSa, caryA athavA niSThA evaM sAdhana ke AdhAra pr| upAsakadazAMga, tattvArthasUtra, ratnakaraNDa-zrAvakAcAra Adi meM saMlekhanAsahita bAraha vratoM ke AdhAra para zrAvaka-dharma kA pratipAdana hai| AcArya kundakunda ne cAritra-prAbhRta meM, svAmi kArtikeya ne dvAdaza anuprekSA meM evaM AcArya vasUnandi ne vasanandi-zrAvakAcAra meM gyAraha pratimAoM ke AdhAra para zrAvaka-dharma kA prarUpaNa kiyA hai| zrAvaka ke bAraha vrata 1. jaina AcAra, pR0 83 2. pAkSikAdibhidA tredhA, zrAvakastatra pAkSikaH / taddharmagRhyastaniSTho, naiSThikaH sAdhakaH svayuk |-saagaardhrmaamRt, 120 3. vahI, 332-3 4. cAritrasAra, pR0 20 5. tatra ca gRhasthadharmo'pi dvividhaH --sAmAnyato vizeSatazceti / -dharmabindu, 112 6. jaina AcAra, pR0 83-84

Page #119
jaina yoga kA AlocanAtmaka adhyayana 88 isa prakAra haiM--pAMca aNuvrata, tIna guNavrata tathA cAra zikSAvrata / " upAsaka dazAMga meM tIna guNavrata aura cAra zikSAvrata ke lie sAmUhika nAma zikSAvrata vyavahRta huA hai / kundakunda ne gyAraha pratimAoM ke sAtha hI bAraha vratoM kA ullekha kara diyA hai / tattvArthasUtrakAra ne bhI bAraha vratoM kA hI ullekha kiyA hai / pA~ca aNuvratoM ko mUlaguNa bhI mAnA gayA hai, lekina ina vratoM ke sAtha madya, mAMsa evaM madhu kA tyAga bhI mUlaguNa ke antargata hI hai / kahIM-kahIM pA~ca aNuvratoM ke sAtha juA, madya evaM mAMsa-tyAga ko bhI mUlaguNa mAnA gayA hai / padmapurANa meM madhu, madya, mAMsa, juA, rAtri bhojana evaM vezyAgamana ke tyAga ko niyama 7 kahA gayA hai / harivaMzapurANa ke anusAra pA~ca udumbara phala ke tyAga evaM parastrI - tyAga ko niyama kahA gayA hai | " aNuvrata zrAvaka ke lie vihita pA~ca aNuvrata muni ke mahAvratoM kI apekSA laghu athavA sarala, sthUla hote haiM / ahiMsA Adi mahAvratoM kA pAlana tIna yoga ( mana, vacana, kAya) tathA tIna karaNa (kRta, kArita, anumodana ) 1. samyaktvamUlAni paMcANuvratAni guNAtrayaH / zikSApadAni catvAri, vratAni gRhamedhinAm / - yogazAstra, 211; ....... tathA viMzativiMzikA, 913 ... paMcANuvvaiyaM sattasikkhAvaiyaM duvAlassavihaM sAvaya dhammaM - - upAsakadazAMga, 1155 3. prAbhRtasaMgraha, pR0 59 4. tattvArthasUtra, 7 / 15-16 5. (ka) ratnakaraNDa zrAvakAcAra, 66; ( kha ) sAgAradharmAmRta, 22 6. hiMsA'satyastai yAdabrahmaparigrahAcca bAdarabhedAt / dyUtAnmAsAnmadyAdviratirguhiNo'STa santyamImUlaguNAH // -- cAritrasAra, pR0 15 7. madhuno madyato mAMsAd dyUtato rAtribhojanAt / vezyAsaMga manAccAsya viratiniyamaH smRtaH // - padmapurANa, 14 / 202 8. harivaMzapurANa, 18248

Page #120
yoga ke sAdhana : AcAra pUrvaka hotA hai, lekina aNuvratoM kA pAlana sAdhAraNataH tIna yoga tathA do karaNapUrvaka hotA hai| ___ aNuvrata pA~ca haiM--(1) sthUla prANAtipAta-viramaNa, (2) sthUla mRSAvAda-viramaNa, (3) sthUla adattAdAna-viramaNa, (4) svadArasantoSa . tathA (5) icchA-parimANa / ' 1. sthUla prANAtipAta viramaNa-ise ahiMsANuvrata bhI kahate haiN| ahiMsANuvratI zrAvaka sthUla hiMsA kA tyAgI hotA hai / sthUla hiMsA arthAt trasa jIvoM kI hiMsA / do, tIna, cAra evaM pA~ca indriyoM ke jIva trasajIva kahalAte haiN| gRhastha hone ke kAraNa zrAvaka ko aneka prakAra kI pravattiyA~ karanI par3atI haiM, ataH vaha pUrNa hiMsA kA tyAga nahIM kara sakatA; varan paristhiti-vizeSa meM sUkSma hiMsA kisI-na-kisI prakAra usase hotI hI hai / ataH isa vrata ke anusAra zrAvaka apanI suvidhA, zakti evaM paristhiti ke anusAra sthUla hiMsA kA tyAga karatA hai| . zrAvaka kI apekSA se hiMsA cAra prakAra kI hotI hai--ArambhI, udyogI, virodhI aura saMkalpI / ahiMsANuvratI zrAvaka kevala saMkalpI hiMsA kA hI tyAgI hotA hai| mahAvratI muni saba prakAra kI hiMsA kA tyAgI hotA hai| ___ isa sandarbha meM, ullekhanIya hai ki hiMsA ke pramukha do bheda haiM--(1) bhAvahiMsA evaM (2) dravyahiMsA / mana, vacana evaM kAya meM rAga-dveSa Adi kaSAya ko pravatti bhAvahiMsA hai tathA kaSAya kI tIvratA, dIrghazvAsocchvAsa evaM hastapAdAdika se kisI ko kaSTa pahu~cAnA athavA prANaghAta karanA dravyAhiMsA hai| vAstava meM bhAva evaM dravya hiMsA kA sarvathA tyAga 1. dazavaikAlika, 47 2. virtisthuulhiNsaadedvividhtrividhaadinaa| . __ahiMsAdIni paMcANuvratAni jagadujinA / -yogazAstra, 2018 3. sthUlaprANAtipAtAdibhyo viratiraNuvratAni pNceti| -dharmabindu, 3 / 16 4. (ka) pramattayogAt prANavyaparopaNaM hiNsaa| -tattvArthasUtra, 78 (kha) yatkhalukaSAyayogAtprANAnAM dravyabhAvarUpANAm / vyaparopaNasya karaNaM sunizcitA bhavati sA hiMsA / -puruSArthasiddhayupAya, 43

Page #121
90 jaina yoga kA AlocanAtmaka adhyayana hI ahiMsA hai / kyoMki kaSAyoM kI vRddhi se hI hiMsA kA bhAva utpanna hotA hai aura madya, mAMsa, madhu Adi cIjoM ke sevana karanevAloM ke mana meM kaSAyoM kI vRddhi adhika hotI hai / isalie ina vastuoM kA varjana ahiMsA - pAlana ke lie Avazyaka hai / I sAvadhAnIpUrvaka vrata kA pAlana karate hue bhI zrAvaka ko pramAda yA ajJAnavaza doSa lagane kI sambhAvanA rahatI hai / ye doSa aticAra kahalAte haiM / prathama ahiMsANuvrata ke pA~ca aticAra isa prakAra haiM -- (1) bandha, (2) vadha, (3) cheda athavA chaviccheda, (4) atibhArAropaNa, tathA ( 5 ) annapAnanirodha | 1. bandha -- tIvra krodha se prerita hokara, kisI bhI prANI ko usake iSTa sthAna para jAne se rokanA yA bA~dhakara rakhanA / 2. vadha - kisI bhI prANI para lAThI, kor3e Adi se yA astrazastrAdi se ghAtaka prahAra karanA / 3. cheda athavA chaviccheda- krodha athavA svArthavaza kisI bhI prANI ke nAka-kAna, camar3I Adi aMgoM kA bhedana yA chedana karanA / 4. atibhArAropaNa - manuSyoM yA pazuoM Adi para zakti se adhika bhAra lAdanA yA adhika kArya lenA / 5. annapAnanirodha - kisI bhI prANI ke khAna-pAna meM kaTautI karanA athavA rukAvaTa DAlanA / gRhastha ko ina doSoM se yathAsambhava vacanA cAhie / kintu gharagRhasthI kA kArya A par3ane para yA vizeSa prayojanavaza ina doSoM kA sevana karanA hI par3e taba bhI komala bhAva se hI kAma lenA cAhie / 1 2. sthUla mRSAvAdaviramaNa - ise satyANuvrata bhI kahate haiM / satyANuvratI zrAvaka sthUla asatya kA jhUThe vyavahAra kA tyAgI hotA hai / isase jahA~ samAja meM vyakti kI prAmANikatA kI pratiSThA hotI hai, vahA~ ahiMsA kA poSaNa bhI hotA hai, satya aura ahiMsA donoM anyo 1. bandhavadhaccha vicchedAtibhArAropaNAnnapAnanirodhAH / 2. paM0 sukhalAlajI, tattvArthasUtra, pRSTha 187 - tattvArtha sUtra, 7 20

Page #122
yoga ke sAdhana : AcAra 91 nyAzrita haiM tathA eka-dUsare ke pUraka bhI / zrAvaka navakoTi se sarvathA mRSAvAda kA tyAga nahIM kara sakatA, kyoMki use jIvana-yApana ke lie vyavahAra-vyApAra karanA par3atA hai / asat kathana ko anRta' arthAt heya mAnA gayA hai / asatya kI vibhinna granthoM meM kaI koTiyA~ varNita haiM / puruSArthasiddhayupAya evaM amitagati zrAvakAcAra meM asatya ke cAra bheda kiye gaye haiM, jaise (1) sadAlApana, (2) asa AlApana, (3) arthAntara tathA (4) niMdya / upAsakAdhyayana ke anusAra asatyAsatya ( 2 ) satyAsatya, (3) satyasatya, evaM ( 4 ) asatya - asatya - ina cAra prakAroM kA ullekha hai / asatya ke pA~ca bheda bhI batAye gaye hai- kanyAlIka, gaualIka arthAt gavAlIka, bhUmyalIka, nyAsApahAra evaM kUTasAkSI / " sAgAradharmAmRta meM bhI yahI bAta hai / kanyAdi ke vaivAhika saMbaMdha kI bAtacIta meM jhUTha bolanA kanyAlIka hai| pazuoM kI kharIda-bikrI meM jhUTha kA vyavahAra gaualIka arthAt gavAlIka hai / bhUmi kI kharIda-bikrI meM mithyAbhASaNa karanA bhUmyalIka hai / dUsaroM kI amAnata dharohara ko hajama karanA nyAsApahAra hai / aura usI prakAra kacaharI ke kAmoM meM jhUThA vyavahAra karanA kUTasAkSI hai / sthUlamRSAvAda athavA asatya vyavahAra ke tyAgI zrAvaka ko satyANuvrata ke pAlana meM sAvadhAnI rakhanI caahie| satyANuvrata ke pA~ca aticAra haiM, jo vibhinna graMthoM meM aneka nAmoM se varNita haiM / upAsakAdazAMga sAgAradharmAmRta, puruSArthasiddhayupAya, amitagatizrAvakAcAra, 10 yoga 1. asadabhidhAnamanRtam / - tattvArthasUtra, 7 / 14 2. puruSArthasiddhayupAya, 91-98 3. amitagatizrAvakAcAra, 6 / 49-54 4. upAsakAdhyayana, 383 kanyAgobhUmyalIkAni, nyAsApaharaNaM tathA / kUTasAkSyaMca paMceti, sthUlAsatyAnyakIrttayan / - yogazAstra, 2054 6. sAgAradharmAmRta, 4, 39 7. upAsakadazAMga, 1/46 8. sAgAradharmAmRta, 4 / 45 9. puruSArthasiddhaghupAya, 184 10. amitagatizrAvakAcAra, 714 7

Page #123
jaina yoga kA AlocanAtmaka adhyayana zAstra, dharmabindu' Adi meM ina aticAroM kA ullekha isa prakAra hai(1) saccA-jhUThA samajhAkara kisI ko viparIta mArga meM DAlanA mithyopadeza hai, (2) rAgavaza vinoda ke lie kiso pati-patnI ko athavA anya snehiyoM ko alaga kara denA athavA kisI ke sAmane dUsare para doSAropaNa karanA rahasyAbhyAkhyAna hai, (3) mohara, hastAkSara Adi dvArA jhUThI likhApar3hI karanA tathA khoTA sikkA Adi calAnA kUTalekhakriyA hai, (4) koI dharohara rakhakara bhUla jAya to usakA lAbha uThAkara thor3I yA pUrI dharohara dabA jAnA nyAsApahAra hai, (5) kinhIM kI ApasI prIti tor3ane ke vicAra se eka-dUsare kI cugalI khAnA, yA kisI kI gupta bAta prakaTa kara denA sAkAra maMtra-bheda hai| 3. sthUlaadattAdAnaviramaNa ___ise acauryANuvrata bhI kahate haiN| acauryANuvratI zrAvaka vyAvahArika evaM sAmAjika-dRSTi se corI karane karAne tathA corI kA vyApAra karane kA tyAgI hotA hai| ahiMsA evaM satya vratoM kI pratiSThA evaM saMpoSaNa ke lie zrAvaka sthUlaadattAdAnaviramaNavrata kA pAlana karatA hai| binA kisI kI AjJA se kisI vastu ko le lene para mana meM azAMti utpanna ho jAtI hai, dina-rAta, sote-jAgate caurya karma kI cubhana hotI rahatI hai| zrAvaka ke lie kevala do karaNa tathA tIna yoga se hI isa vrata kA pAlana karanA Avazyaka hai| acauryANuvrata ke pA~ca aticAra haiM--(1) pratirUpakavyavahAra arthAt 1. yogazAstra, 3191 2. dharmabindu, 3 / 24 3. mithyopadezarahasyAbhyAkhyAna kUTalekhakriyAnyAsApahArasAkAramantrabhedAH / -tatvArthasUtra, 7 // 21 4. divase vA rajanyAM vA svapne vA jAgare'pi vaa|| sazalya iva cauryeNa, naiti svAsthyaM naraH kvacit // -yogazAstra, 2070 5. (ka) stenAnujJA tadAnItAdAnaM diDrAjyalaGghanam / __ pratirUpakriyA mAnAnyatvaM cAsteyasaMzritA // -yogazAstra, 3192 (kha) stenaprayogatadAhRtAdAnaviruddharAjyAtikamahInAdhikamAnonmAna prtiruupkvyvhaaraaH| -tattvArthasUtra, 7 / 22

Page #124
yoga ke sAdhana : AcAra acchI vastu meM kharAba vastu ko milAkara becanA yA asalI ke sthAna para nakalI vastu calAnA / (2) stena prayoga arthAt kisI ko corI karane ke lie prerita karanA athavA corI karanevAloM kI madada karanA / (3) stena-AhRtadAna arthAt corI karake lAyI gayI vastu ko lenaa| (4) viruddharAjyAtikrama arthAt rAjya kI ora se nirdhArita niyamoM kA ullaMghana karanA aura (5) hInAdhika mAnonmAna arthAt nyUnAdhika nApa, . bATa tathA tarAjU Adi se lena-dena karanA / vratI-zrAvaka ko ina aticAroM se bacanA yA sAvadhAna rahanA caahie| acauryANuvratI zrAvaka vahI hai jo dUsare kI tRNamAtra vastu ko curAne ke abhiprAya se na apane lie grahaNa karatA hai aura na dUsaroM ko detA hai|' 4. svadArasaMtoSa ise brahmacaryANuvrata bhI kahate haiN| yaha vrata zrAvaka ke lie nitAnta Avazyaka hai aura use apanI patnI meM hI saMtuSTa rahanA caahie| vaha apanI patnI ke atirikta anya sabhI striyoM ko mA~, bahana evaM beTI ke rUpa meM dekhe / isa vrata kA pratipAdana kaI graMthoM meM vibhinna dRSTiyoM se kiyA gayA hai, jinameM ratnakaraNDazrAvakAcAra,' sarvArthasiddhi, puruSArtha sidyupAya,' svAmikAtikeyAnuprekSA sAgAradharmAmRta Adi ullekhanIya haiN| jJAnArNava meM to strI-samAgama ke dasa doSoM kA ullekha hai, 1. parasvasyApradatasyAdAnaM steymudaahRtm| sarvasvAdhInatoyAderanyatra tanmataMsatAm / -prabodhasAra, 61 (kha) upAsakAdhyayana, 26 / 264 2. upAsakadazAMgasUtra, 1 / 16 3. amitagatizrAvakAcAra, 6 / 46 4. ratnakaraNDazrAvakAcAra, 3 / 13 5. sarvArthasiddhi, 7 / 20 6. puruSArthasiyupAya, 118 7. svAmikArtikeyAnuprekSA, 338 8. sAgAradharmAmRta, 13152 9. jJAnArNava, 117-9

Page #125
jaina yoga kA AlocanAtmaka adhyayana jinako TAlakara mana, vacana, evaM kAyapUrvaka svadArasantoSavrata kA pAlana karanA caahie| isa vrata ke pA~ca aticAra haiM'-(1) itvaraparigRhItAgamana arthAt rupaye dekara kisI dUsare ke dvArA svIkRta strI yA vezyA ke sAtha amuka samaya taka gamana karanA, (2) aparigRhItAgamana arthAt vezyA, kulaTA, viyoginI Adi kA upabhoga karanA, (3) anaMgakrIr3A arthAt sRSTi viruddha yA asvAbhAvika kAmasevana, (4) paravivAhakaraNa arthAt kanyAdAna ke phala kI bhAvanA se dUsaroM kI saMtati kA byAha karavAnA, evaM (5) tIvra kAmabhogAbhilASA arthAt bArabAra vividha prakAra se kAmakrIr3A krnaa| ina aticAroM ke prati zrAvaka ke sAtha-sAtha zrAvikA ko bhI sAvadhAnI rakhanI caahie| zrAvikA ko bhI cAhie ki svapati saMtoSa rUpa, sthUlamaithunaviramaNavrata kA pAlana kare aura kisI bhI dUsare puruSa ke sAtha vaiSayika sambandha na rkhe| 5. icchA-parimANa vrata . ise aparigrahANuvrata yA parigraha-parimANavata bhI kahate haiM / icchAe~ ananta haiM aura manuSya icchAoM ke anurUpa apanI AvazyakatAoM ko bar3hAte-bar3hAte unake pIche hI duHkha, dAridraya Adi saMkaToM meM phaMsa jAtA hai| yaha vrata isa tathya kA dyotaka hai ki zrAvaka deza, kAla, paristhiti evaM sAmarthya ke anusAra apanI AvazyakatAoM ko parimita kare aura kisI vastu ke prati mUrchA athavA mamatva na rakhe / kyoMki mUrchA hI parigraha hai, aura dhana-dhAnyAdi ke saMgraha se mamatva ghaTAnA athavA lobha kaSAya ko kama karake saMtoSapUrvaka vastuoM kA AvazyakatA bhara upayoga karanA parigrahaparimANavata hai| isa prakAra zrAvaka ko apanI icchAoM kI maryAdA avazya bA~dha lenI cAhie / AvazyakatAnusAra vastuoM ko 1. (ka) itvarAttAgamo'nAtAgatiranya -vivAhanam / madanAtyAgraho'naMgakrIDA ca brahmaNi smRtAH // -yogazAstra, 3193 (kha) paravivAhakaraNetvaraparigRhItA'parigRhItAgamanAnaGgakrIDAtItra kaamaabhiniveshaaH| -tattvArthasUtra, 7 / 23 2. mUrchA parigrahaH / -tattvArthasUtra, 7/12 3. svAmikArtikeyAnuprekSA, 339-340 .

Page #126
yoga ke sAdhana : AcAra 95 parimita karane kA saMkalpa vyAvahArika honA cAhie, kathana mAtra kA nahIM, kyoMki kevala kathana se vastutyAga kA saMkalpa kara lenA nirarthaka hai|' parigraha hI saMsAra meM janma-maraNa kA mUla hai / parigraha ke aneka bheda-prabheda varNita haiM / puruSArthasiddhayupAya meM antaraMga evaM bahiraMga do prakAra ke parigraha kI carcA hai, jisameM antaraMga parigraha ke caudaha tathA bahiraMga ke do bheda batalAe gaye haiN| jabaki upAsakAdhyayana meM bAhya parigraha dasa prakAra kA kahA gayA hai| isI taraha siddhasenagaNI ne bhI AbhyaMtara parigraha ke caudaha bheda hI ginAye haiN| bAhaya parigraha ke nava evaM dasa bheda bhI milate haiN| ina parigrahoM ke parimANa ke nirNaya ke saMbaMdha meM svAmikAtikeyAnuprekSA tathA lATIsaMhitA Adi graMthoM meM paryApta prakAza DAlA gayA hai| isa vrata ke aticAroM ke saMbaMdha meM aneka mata haiM, jinakI carcA yahA~ Avazyaka nahIM hai| isa vrata ke bhI pA~ca aticAra isa prakAra ke haiM10-(1) / kSetra vAstu parimANa-atikramaNa arthAt jamIna, Adi vastuoM kI maryAdA kA ullaMghana, (2) hiraNyasuvarNa-pramANAtikrama arthAt sone evaM cA~dI 1. tasmAdAtmocitAd dravyAd hrAsanaM tadvaraM smRtam / ___ anAtmocitasaMkalpAd hrAsanaM tanirarthakam // -lATIsaMhitA, 86 . 2. saMsAramUlamArambhAsteSAM hetuH parigrahaH / / tasmAdupAsakaH kuryAdalpamalyaM parigraham // -yogazAstra, 21110 3. puruSArthasidhyupAya, 115-117 4. upAsakAdhyayana, 433 5. tatvArthAdhigamasUtram, bhA0 2, 7 / 24 6. navapadaprakaraNa, 58 7. cAritrasAra, pR07 8. svAmikArtikeyAnuprekSA, 339-40 9. lATIsaMhitA, 86-87 10. dhanadhAnyasya kupyasya, gavAdeH kSetravAstunaH / hiraNyahemnazca saMkhyA'tikramAtra parigrahe / -yogazAstra, 3194 (kha) kSetravAstuhiraNyasuvarNadhanadhAnyadAsIdAsakupyapramANAtikamAH / -tattvArthasUtra, 7 / 24

Page #127
96 jaina yoga kA AlocanAtmaka adhyayana Adi kI maryAdA kA ullaMghana, (3) dhanadhAnya- pramANAtikrama arthAt catuSpada Adi jAnavaroM evaM anAja kI maryAdA kA atikramaNa, ( 4 ) dAsIdAsa pramANAtikrama - naukara cAkaroM Adi karmacAriyoM kI saMsthA maryAdA kA atikramaNa, (5) kupyapramANAtikrama arthAt bartanoM evaM vastroM ke pramANa kA atikramaNa | rAtribhojanaviramaNa vrata jainadharma mUlata: ahiMsApradhAna hai, isalie zramaNa ke lie rAtribhojana ke tyAga kA vidhAna hai / yahA~ taka ki ise chaThA vrata kahA gayA hai / rAtribhojana meM bahuta se jIvoM kI hiMsA hotI hai / " svAmikArtikeyAnuprekSA evaM ratnakaraNDa zrAvakAcAra ke anusAra rAtribhuktivirata zramaNa ve hI ho sakate haiM jinhoMne rAtri meM cAroM prakAroM ke bhojana kA tyAga kara diyA hai / yogazAstra ke anusAra bhI rAtri meM kisI prakAra kA bhojana karanA vihita nahIM hai / sAvayavadhamma dohA " ke anusAra zrAvakoM ko rAtri meM kevala auSadha, pAnI evaM pAna khAne kI chUTa hai| bhojana to rAta meM niSiddha hI hai / ullekhanIya hai ki cAritrasAra', upAsakAdhyayana, vasunandi zrAvakAcAra, " amitagati zrAvakAcAra', sAgAradharmAmRta 10 ke anusAra rAtri meM strI-bhoga karane evaM dina meM brahmacarya kA 1. ghorAMdhakAraruddhAkSaiH patantI yatra jantavaH / naiva bhojye nirIkSyante, tatra bhuMjIta ko nizi / - yogazAstra, 3 / 49; - dazavaikAlika, 4|13; 15 1 2. svAmikArtikeyAnuprekSA, 382 3. ratnakaraNDa zrAvakAcAra, 5 / 21 4. yogazAstra, 3148-70 5. sAvayavadhamma dohA, 37 6. cAritrasAra, pR0 19 7. upAsakAdhyayana, 853 8. vasunandi zrAvakAcAra, 296 9. amitagati zrAvakAcAra, 7 / 72 10. sAgAravarmAmRta, 7 / 12

Page #128
yAga ke sAdhana : AcAra 97 pAlana karane ko hI rAtribhuktivirata athavA divAmithunavirata kahA gayA hai| yaha svataMtra vrata nahIM hai, balki ahiMsAvrata meM hI nihita hai, kyoMki isa vrata kA mUla uddezya mUla vratoM ko vizuddha rakhanA hI hai| guNavata aNuvrata ke sAtha-sAtha zrAvakoM ke lie guNavatoM kA bhI vidhAna hai| guNavrata aNuvratoM kI rakSA evaM vikAsa ke lie hI haiN| ina vratoM ke sAtha zikSA-vratoM ko jor3akara sAmUhika nAma 'zIlavata' rakhA gayA hai aura kahA gayA hai ki jaise nagara ke cAroM ora bane prAkAra se nagara kI rakSA hotI hai vaise hI zIloM se vratoM kI rakSA hotI hai| ataH vratoM kA pAlana karane ke lie zIloM kA pAlana karanA Avazyaka hai / jJAtavya hai ki guNavata aNuvrata kI taraha eka hI bAra grahaNa kiye jAte haiM, jabaki zikSAbata bArabAra grahaNa kiye jAte haiN| arthAt aNuvrata evaM guNavrata jIvanabhara ke lie hote haiM aura zikSAvata amuka samaya ke lie hI hote haiM / ___ guNavrata ke bhedoM ke sambandha meM vibhinna mata haiN| jahA~ isake kucha bheda zikSAkta meM ginAye jAte haiM, vahAM zikSAvata ke bhI bheda guNavata meM saMvalita kara liye jAte haiN| yahA~ taka ki guNavatoM evaM zikSAvratoM ko sAmUhika nAma 'zIlavata' dekara donoM ke bhedoM ko eka sAtha samAhita kara diyA gayA hai / isa vicAradhArA kA pratipAdana upAsakadazAMga', tattvArthasUtra', puruSArthasiddhyupAya, upAsakAdhyayana", cAritrasAra', amitagati zrAvakA 1. paridhaya iva nagarANi vratAni paripAlayanti zIlAni / vratapAlanAya tasmAcchIlAnyapi pAlanIyAni // -puruSArthasiddhyupAya, 136 2. jaina AcAra, pR0 113 3. upAsakadazAMga, 1 / 11 4. tattvArthasUtra, 7 / 16 5. upAsakAdhyayana, 448-459 6. cAritrasAra, pR08

Page #129
98 jaina yoga kA AlocanAtmaka adhyayana * cAra', padmanandipaMcavizati Adi granthoM meM huA hai / arthAt prAbhRtasaMgraha svAmikArtikeyAnuprekSA, sAgAradharmAmRta ", dharmabindu, yogazAstra, padmacarita ', ratnakaraNDa zrAvakAcAra Adi graMthoM meM nAma evaM krama meM antara rahate hue bhI guNavrata kA nirdeza isa prakAra huA hai 13 (1) digvrata, (2) anartha- daNDavrata evaM (3) bhogopabhogaparimANavrata / sarvArthasiddhi 10, harivaMzapurANa", vasunadizrAvakAcAra 15, AdipurANa 3 Adi graMthoM meM nAma evaM krama meM antara rahate hue bhI guNavrata kA vargIkaraNa isa prakAra huA hai- (1) digvrata, (2) dezavrata evaM (3) anartha - daNDavrata | isa taraha patA calatA hai ki ina donoM vicAradhArAoM ne digvrata evaM anarthadaNDavrata ko guNavrata meM svIkAra kiyA hai, lekina jahA~ kundakunda, svAmikArtikeyAnuprekSA, sAgAradharmAmRta Adi ne guNavrata meM bhogopabhogaparimANavrata ko liyA hai, vahA~ sarvArthasiddhi, vasunandizrAvakAcAra, AdipurANa Adi granthoM ne usakA ullekha zikSAvrata ke antargata kiyA hai aura usake badale dezavrata kA ullekha kiyA hai / usI prakAra dezavrata ke badale dezAvakAzika kI saMjJA dekara ratnakaraNDazrAvakAcAra, svAmikArti keyAnuprekSA Adi ne ise zikSAvrata ke antargata rakhA hai / 1. amitagati zrAvakAcAra, 6 / 76-95 2. padmana ndipaMcaviMzati, 6 / 24 3. prAbhRtasaMgraha, pR0 60 4. svAmikArtikeyAnuprekSA, 361-386 5. sAgAradharmAmRta, 511 6. dharmabindu, 3 / 17 7. yogazAstra, 3|1|4/73 8. padmacarita 14 / 198 9. ratnakaraNDa zrAvakAcAra, 3 / 21 10. sarvArthasiddhi, 7 / 21 11. harivaMzapurANa, 18 46 12. vasunandizrAvakAcAra, 214-16 13. AdipurANa, 10/65 2

Page #130
yoga ke sAdhana : AcAra 1. digvata jisa vrata dvArA dizAoM kI maryAdA sthira kI jAtI hai use digvata kahate haiN|' isa vrata dvArA zrAvaka dazoM dizAoM kI sImA bA~dhakara saMkalpa letA hai ki vaha maraNaparyanta amuka dizA kI maryAdA kA ullaMghana nahIM kregaa| aisA karane se lobha, tRSNAdi kA niyantraNa hotA hai aura pariNAmasvarUpa saMgraha kI bhAvanA para aMkuza lagatA hai tathA carAcara prANiyoM kI vyartha hiMsA se bhI bacAva hotA hai| isa vrata ke pA~ca aticAra haiM, jinakA samyarUpeNa pAlana karanA zrAvakoM ke lie anivArya hai| ve aticAra isa prakAra haiM-(1) urdhva dizA kI maryAdA kA ullaMghana, (2) adho dizA kI maryAdA kA ullaMghana, (3) tirachI dizAoM kI maryAdAoM kA ullaMghana, (4) dizAvidizAoM kI maryAdAoM kA ullaMghana evaM (5) kSetra-vRddhi arthAt kSetra kI maryAdA kA ulaMghana krnaa| 2. anarthadaNDavata niSprayojana mana vacana kAya kI azubha yA pApapravRtti kA nAma anartha daNDa hai| divrata meM to maryAdA se bAhara pApopadeza Adi kA tyAga hotA hai, kintu anarthadaNDavrata meM maryAdA ke bhItara hI unakA tyAga kiyA jAtA hai| yaha tyAgarUpa vrata hI anarthadaNDavrata hai| isa vrata ke mukhya 1. dazasvapi kRtA dikSu yatra sImA na laMdhyate / khyAtaM digviratiriti prathamaM tadguNavratam ||-yogshaastr, 311 2. digvalayaM parigaNitaM kRtvAto'haM bahirna yAsyAmi / iti saMkalpo digvatamAmRtyaNupApavinivRttyai // -ratnakaraNDazrAvakAcAra, 4 // 68 3. carAcarANAM jIvAnAM vimardana nivartanAt / -yogazAstra, 32 4. smRtyantardhAnamUrvAdhastiryagbhAgavyatikramaH / kSetravRddhizca paMceti smRtA digvirativrate ||-vhii, 3397 5. pIDApApodezAdyaidehAdyarthAdvinAMginAm / anarthadaNDastatyAgau'narthadaNDavataM matam ||-saagaardhrmaamRt, 506

Page #131
100 jaina yoga kA AlocanAtmaka adhyayana pA~ca bheda haiM' - (1) pApopadeza arthAt hiMsA, khetI aura vyApAra Adi ko viSaya karanevAlA prasaMga bArabAra utthaanaa| aise vacana ko vyAdha, Thaga aura cora Adi se nahIM kahane kA upadeza diyA gayA hai / (2) hiMsAdAna arthAt viSa aura hathiyAra Adi hiMsA ke kAraNabhUta upakaraNa yA padArtha dUsaroM ko denA / ( 3 ) apadhyAna arthAt dUsaroM ke nukasAna, parAjaya, mRtyu Adi kA cintana karanA / (4) duHzruti arthAt Arambha, parigraha, viSayabhoga Adi se citta ko malina karanevAle zAstroM kA zravaNa karanA aura ( 5 ) pramAdacaryA arthAt niSprayojana pRthvI ke khodane, vAyu ko rokane, agni ko bujhAne, jala ko uchAlane-girAne tathA vanaspati ko chedane kA kArya karanA / yogazAstra meM duHzruti kA ullekha nahIM hai | ukta kAryoM ko kisI bhI rUpa meM na karanA zrAvaka ke lie vrata rUpa hai | ahiMsAdi vratoM ke samyak nirvAha ke lie aura Atmavizuddhi ke lie anarthadaNDa se bacanA cAhie / isa vrata ke pA~ca aticAra kahe gaye haiM 3 -- (1) saMyuktAdhikaraNatA arthAt hala, mUsala Adi hiMsAjanaka upakaraNoM ko jor3akara rakhanA jaise ukhala ke sAtha mUsala, hala ke sAtha phAla Adi / (2) upabhogAtiriktattA arthAt AvazyakatA se adhika bhoga, upabhoga kI vastue~ rakhanA, (3) maukharyaM arthAt binA vicAre bakavAda karanA, (4) kautkucya arthAt zArIrika kuceSTAe~ karanA, tathA (5) kandarpa arthAt kAmotpAdaka vacana bolanA | isa saMdarbha meM dhyAtavya hai ki ukta aticAroM ke nAmoM meM bhinnatA bhI dekhI jAtI hai, lekina artha meM nahIM / 3. bhogopabhogaparimANa jo padArtha eka bAra bhogane ke bAda punaH bhogane yogya nahIM rahatA, use 1. svAmikArtikeyAnuprekSA, 344-348 2. zarIrAdyarthadaNDasya, pratipakSatayA sthitaH / yo'narthadaNDastattyAgastRtIyaM tu guNavratam // - yogazAstra, 3 / 74 2. saMyuktAdhikaraNatvamupabhogAtiriktatA / maukharyyamatha kautkucyaM kandarpo'narthadaNDagAH // - vahI, 3 / 115

Page #132
yoga ke sAdhana : AcAra 101 bhoga kahate haiM, jaise bhojana, gaMdha, mAlA Adi, aura jo padArtha bAra-bAra bhogA jA sakatA hai, use upabhoga kahate haiM, jaise vastra, AbhUSaNa Adi / donoM hI prakAra kI vastuoM kI maryAdA nizcita karanA bhogopabhogaparimANa vrata hai| isa vrata ke dvArA zrAvaka bhoga-upabhoga kI vastuoM kI niyata kAla taka maryAdA bAMdhatA hai arthAt una vastuoM kA niSedha athavA icchA karatA hai| isa vrata kA pAlaka zrAvaka madhu, mAMsa Adi padArtho ke evaM sAdhAraNa vanaspatiyoM ke bhakSaNa kA bhI tyAga karatA hai, jinameM aneka jIvoM kI hiMsA hone kI sambhAvanA rahatI hai / ___isa vrata ke pA~ca aticAra haiM --(1) sacitta bhojana arthAt cetanA vAlI haritakAya vanaspati kA sevana, (2) sacitta vRkSAdi se sambaddha goMda yA pake phala kA jaise khajUra, Ama Adi kA sevana, (3) sacitta saMmizra arthAt aise padArtha jinameM sUkSma jantu hote haiM unakA sevana, (4) duSpakva arthAt aneka dravyoM ke saMyoga se nirmita surA, madirA Adi kA sevana athavA duSTarUpa se pake, kama pake padArtha kA sevana, (5) abhiSava bhojana arthAt patale athavA gariSTha padArtho kA sevana / ratnakaraNDazrAvakAcAra meM bhinna prakAra ke aticAra vaNita haiN| zikSAvrata zikSAvrata bhI guNavrata kI hI taraha aNuvratoM kI surakSA aura vikAsa meM sahAyaka haiM / zikSAvratoM ko grahaNa karane meM zrAvaka ko bAra-bAra abhyAsa karanA hotA hai| 1. sakRdeva bhujyate yaH sa bhogo'nnalagAdikaH / / punaH punaH punarbhogya upabhogo'GganAdikaH ||-vhii, 315 2. jatthekka maraijIvo, tattha du maraNaM have aNaMtANaM / vakkamai jattha ekko, vakkamaNaM tattha-NaMtANaM // -gommaTasAra ( jIvakANDa ), 193 3. (ka) sacittaM tena sambaddhaM, saMmizraM tena bhojanam / duSpakvamabhiSavaM, bhujAno'tyeti tadvatam ||-saagaardhrmaamRt, 5 / 20 (kha) yogazAstra, 3397 4. ratnakaraNDazrAvakAcAra, 490

Page #133
102 ___jaina yoga kA AlocanAtmaka adhyayana zikSAvrata ke bhedoM meM matabheda hai / cAritrapAhur3a', padmacarita', bhAva saMgraha',harivaMzapurANa", AdipurANa Adi ke anusAra isa vrata ke kramazaH sAmAyika, proSadhIpavAsa, atithisaMvibhAga aura saMlekhanA cAra prakAra haiM aura ratnakaraNDazrAvakAcAra, svAmikArtikeyAnuprekSA", sAgAradharmAmRta Adi ke anusAra dezAvakAzika, sAmAyika, proSadhopavAsa evaM atithisaMvibhAga ye cAra prakAra haiN| vasunandizrAvakAcAra ke anusAra isa vrata ke cAra bheda kramazaH bhogavirati, paribhoga-virati, atithisaMvibhAga tathA saMlekhanA kA ullekha hai / zIlavrata ke nirUpaNa ke krama meM tattvArthasUtra, puruSArthasiddhyupAya, upAsakAdhyayana, upAsakadazAMga, cAritra-sAra, yogazAstra Adi ke anusAra isa vrata ke cAra bheda isa prakAra haiM--(1) sAmAyika, (2) proSadhopavAsa, (3) dezAvakAzika tathA (4) atithisNvibhaag| 1. sAmAyika-iMdriyoM ko sthira karake rAgadveSarUpI pariNAmoM ko chor3akara, samatAbhAva dhAraNa karake AtmalIna ho jAnA sAmAyika zikSAvrata hai| isa vrata ke pA~ca aticAra haiM -(1) mana kI sadoSa pravRtti, (2) vacana kI sadoSa pravRtti, (3) kAya kI sadoSa pravRtti, (4) 1. cAritrapAhuDa, 25 2. padmacarita, 14 / 199 3. prAbhRtasaMgraha, pR. 60 4. harivaMzapurANa, 18 / 47 5. AdipurANa, 1066 6. ratnakaraNDazrAvakAcAra, 41 7. svAmikArtikeyAnuprekSA, 352, 355, 358, 367 8. sAgAradharmAmRta, 5 / 24 / 9. vasunandizrAvakAcAra, 213 10. rAgadveSatyAgAnnikhiladravyeSu sAmyamavalambya / tattvopalabdhimUlaM bahuzaH sAmAyikaM kAryam // -puruSArthasiddhyupAya, 148 11. kAyavAGmanasA duSTa-praNidhAnamanAdaraH / smRtyanupasthApanaMca smRtAH sAmAyika vrata / / -yogazAstra, 3 / 116

Page #134
yoga ke sAdhana ! AcAra sAmAyika ke prati anAdara bhAva evaM (5) sAmAyika grahaNa karane ke samaya kA jJAna nahIM honaa| 2. proSaSopavAsa--kaSAyoM ko tyAgakara pratyeka caturdazI evaM aSTamI ke dina upavAsa karake tapa brahmacaryAdi dhAraNa karanA proSadhopavAsa hai|' isa vrata ke pAMca aticAra haiM:-(1) binA dekhe bhUmi para mala-mUtrAdi karanA; (2) pATa, caukI Adi ko binA dekhe uThAnA-rakhanA, (3) binA dekhe bistara, Asana lagAnA, (4) proSadhavrata ke prati Adara na honA aura (5) proSadha karake bhUla jaanaa| 3. dezAvakAzika-gamanAgamana kI maryAdita nizcita dizA ko dina evaM rAtri meM yathocita aura saMkSipta karanA dezAvakAzikavata hai|' isa vrata ke bhI pA~ca aticAra haiM--(1) maryAdita kSetra ke bAhara kisI vyakti ko kAma se bhejanA, (2) kSetra ke bAhara kI vastuoM ko maMgavA lenA, (3) kSetra ke bAhara dhyAna AkarSita karane ke lie patthara pheMkanA, (4) kSetra ke bAhara ke vyakti ko AvAja dekara bulAnA aura (5) kisI vyakti ko A jAne ke lie bAharI kSetra meM sthita AdamI ko apanA ceharA dikhaanaa| 4. atithisaMvibhAga-tyAgiyoM, muniyoM Adi ko khAnapAna, rahanasahana Adi vastue~ dekara svayaM khAnapAna karanA atithisaMvibhAgavata hai|" isa vrata ke bhI pA~ca aticAra haiM -(1) sacitta padArthoM se AhAra DhaMkanA; 1. catuSpAM caturthAdi, kuvyApAraniSedhanam / brahmacarya-kriyA-snAnAdityAgaH poSadhavratam ||-vhii, 3 / 85 2. vahI, 31117 3. digvrate parimANaM yattasya saMkSepaNaM punaH / dinerAtrI ca dezAvakAzika-vratamucyate // -vahI, 3184 4. preSyaprayogAnayane pudgalakSepaNaM tathA / zabdarUpA'nupAtI ca vrate dezAvakAzike / / -vahI, 3 / 117 5. dAnaM caturvidhAhArapAtrAcchAdanasamAnAm / atithibhyo'tithisaMvibhAgavatamudIritam / / -vahI, 387 6. saccitte kSepaNaM tena, pidhAnaM kAlalaMghanam / matsaro'nyApadezazca , turyazikSAvrate smRtaaH||-vhii, 3 / 118

Page #135
' 104 jaina yoga kA AlocanAtmaka adhyayana (2) deya vastu ko sacitta padArtho ke Upara rakha denA, (3) bhikSA kA samaya bIta jAne para bhojana banAnA, (4) IrSyA se prerita hokara dAna denA aura (5) parAyI vastu kahakara dAna denA / pratimAe~ pratimA kA artha hai pratijJAvizeSa, vratavizeSa, tapavizeSa athavA abhigrahavizeSa / ' zrAvaka jaba zramaNa ke sadRza hI jIvana vyatIta karanA cAhatA hai, taba ina pratimAoM kA Azraya letA hai, kyoMki guNa-sthAnoM kI taraha ina pratimAoM ke dvArA kramika AtmavikAsa hotA hai| isa dRSTi se pratimAeM AtmavikAsa kI kramika sopAna haiM, jisake DaNDoM para car3hate hue zrAvaka apanI zakti ke anusAra muni kI dIkSA grahaNa karane kI bhUmikA para pahuMcatA hai| pratimAoM kI saMkhyA, krama evaM nAmoM ke sambandha meM digambara evaM zvetAmbara paramparA meM kiMcit antara dikhAI par3atA hai, lekina yaha antara nagaNya hai| zvetAmbara paramparA ke dazAzrutaskandha evaM samavAyAMga' AgamoM meM kramazaH darzana, vrata, sAmAyika, proSadhopavAsa, niyama, brahmacarya, sacittatyAga, ArambhatyAga, preSyaparityAga, uddiSTatyAga evaM zramaNabhUta ina gyAraha pratimAoM kA varNana hai| AcArya haribhadra ne 'niyama' ke sthAna para 'paDimA' kA ullekha kiyA hai| digambara paramparA ke vasunandizrAvakAcAra", sAgAradharmAmRta Adi granthoM meM darzana, brata, sAmAyika, proSadha, sacittatyAga, rAtribhuktityAga, brahmacarya, ArambhatyAga, parigrahatyAga, anumatityAga evaM uddiSTatyAga ina gyAraha pratimAoM kA 1. jaina AcAra, pR0 125 2. dazAzrutaskandha, 6-7 3. samavAyAMga, 11 4. dasaNavaya sAmAiya posaha paDimA avaMbha saccitte / ___AraMbha pesa udivajjae samaNabhUe ya / / -vizaMtiviMzikA, 111 5. vasunandizrAvakAcAra, 201-301 6. sAgAradharmAmRta, 3 / 2-3

Page #136
105 yoga ke sAdhana : AcAra krama varNita hai aura svAmikArtikeyAnuprekSA' meM samyagdRSTi nAmaka eka aura pratimA jor3akara bAraha pratimAoM kA ullekha hai| donoM paramparAoM ke anusAra prathama cAra pratimAoM meM koI antara nahIM hai| sacittatyAga kA krama digambara-paramparA meM pAMcavA~ hai jaba ki zvetAmbara-paramparA meM sAtavAM hai| digambarAbhimata 'rAtribhuktityAga' zvetAmbarAbhimata pA~cavIM pratimA 'niyama' meM samAviSTa hai| brahmacarya pratimA zvetAmbara-paramparA meM chaThI hai jaba ki digambara-paramparA meM sAtavIM hai| digambarasammata 'anumatityAga' zvetAmbarasammata 'uddiSTatyAga' meM hI samAviSTa ho jAtI hai, kyoMki isa pratimA meM zrAvaka uddiSTabhakta grahaNa na karane ke sAtha hI kisI prakAra ke Arambha kA samarthana bhI nahIM karatA aura zvetAmbarAbhimata zramaNabhUtapratimA hI digambarAbhimata uddiSTatyAgapratimA hai| ina gyAraha pratimAoM kA saMkSipta paricaya isa prakAra hai / 1. darzanapratimA-darzana arthAt samyakdRSTi / isa pratimA ke dhAraka zrAvaka ko sarvaguNa viSayaka prIti utpanna hotI hai, dRSTi kI vizuddhatA prApta hotI hai aura vaha paMcaguruoM ke caraNoM meM jAkara dRSTidoSoM kA parihAra karatA hai| vasunandizrAvakAcAra ke anusAra vaha pA~ca udumbara phalAdi aura sAta vyasanoM kA tyAga karatA hai| 1. sammadaMsaNa-suddhI rahio majjAi-thUla-dosehiM / vayadhArI sAmAiu pavvavai pAsuyAhArI // 305 // .. rAi-bhoyaNa-virao mehuNa-sAraMma saMga catto ya / kajjANumoya-virao uddiTThAhAra-viradI ya // 306 // -svAmikArtikeyAnuprekSA 2. jaina AcAra, pR0 130-31 3. zrAvakapadAni devairekAdaza dezitAni yeSu khalu / svaguNAH pUrvaguNaiH saha santiSThante kramavivRddhAH // -ratnakaraNDazrAvakAcAra, 71136 4. paMcubara sahiyAI pariharei jo satta visaNAI / sammattavisuddhamaI so saNasAvayo bhaNio // -vasunandizrAvakAcAra, 205

Page #137
106 jaina yoga kA AlocanAtmaka adhyayana 2. vratapratimA-isa dvitIya pratimA kA dhAraka zrAvaka aNuvratoM, guNavatoM evaM zikSAvratoM ko samyakrUpa meM dhAraNa karatA hai aura unakA vidhivat pAlana karatA hai| .3. sAmAyikapratimA-isa tatIya pratimA meM zrAvaka mana, vacana evaM kAya se tInoM saMdhyAoM meM sAmAyika karatA hai| isa pratimA meM sAmAyika, dezAvakAzika vratoM kI ArAdhanA hotI hai, lekina aSTamIcaturdazI Adi parva-dinoM meM proSadhopavAsa kA pAlana nahIM hotaa| 4. proSadhopavAsapratimA-isa caturtha pratimA meM zrAvaka mahIne ke cAroM parvo para arthAt pratyeka caturdazI va aSTamI para zakti ke anusAra zuddha bhAvanA se proSadhaniyamoM kA pAlana karatA hai| 5. sacittatyAgapratimA-paMcama pratimAdhArI zrAvaka sacitta arthAt harita vanaspati kA sevana nahIM karatA, parantu AraMbhI hiMsA kA tyAga nahIM kara pAtA hai| kArtikeyAnuprekSA ke anusAra zrAvaka jisa vastu ko grahaNa nahIM kare vaha dUsaroM ko bhI grahaNa karane ke lie na de, kyoMki donoM kriyAoM meM koI antara nahIM hai| 6. rAtribhuktatyAgapratimA-chaThI pratimAdhArI zrAvaka rAtri meM - 1. paMcaivaNuvvayAI guNavvayAiM havanti puNatiNNi / sikkhAvayANi cattAri jANa vidiyAmmi ThANAmi ||-vhii, 207 2. caturAvata-tritayazcatuHpraNAmaH sthito yathAjAtaH / sAmAyiko dviniSadyastriyogazuddhastrisaMdhyamabhivandI / -ratnakaraNDazrAvakAcAra, 139 3. dazAzrutaskandha, 6 / 3 4. parvadineSa caturvapi mAse mAse svazaktimaniguhya / proSadha-niyama-vidhAyI praNadhiparaH proSadhAnazanaH // -ratnakaraNDazrAvakAcAra,74140 5. jAva rAo varAyaM vA baMbhayArI sacittAhAre se pariNAe bhavati / AraMbhe se apariNAe bhavati |-dshaashrutskndh, 67 6. svAmikAttikeyAnuprekSA, 380

Page #138
1 yoga ke sAdhana : AcAra 107 cAroM prakAra ke AhAra kA tyAga karatA hai / " isa pratimA kA dhAraka mana, vacana, kAya evaM kRta-kArita anumodanA se divAmaithuna kA tyAga karatA hai | zvetAmbara paramparAnusAra isa pratimA ko niyamapratimA kahA gayA hai aura rAtri bhojana tyAga, divAmaithuna Adi kriyA ko varjita mAnA gayA hai / " 7. brahmacaryatimA- isa saptama pratimA meM pUrvokta chaha pratimAoM kA niraticAra pAlana karate hue mana ko vaza meM karanevAlA zrAvaka mana vacana kAya se mAnavI, daivI, tiryaMcI aura unakI pratirUpa samasta striyoM ke sevana kI abhilASA nahIM karatA / " 8. ArambhatyAgapratimA - isa pratimA kA dhAraka zrAvaka ArambhasabhAraMbha kA tyAga kara detA hai / vaha mana, vacana, evaM kAya se kRSi, sevA, vyApAra viSayaka Arambha na to svayaM karatA hai. na dUsaroM ko karane ke lie kahatA hai / " 9. parigrahatyAgapratimA - navama pratimAdhArI zrAvaka pUrNa parigraha kA tyAgI hotA hai / vaha zarIra Dha~kane ke lie eka-do vastra rakhakara zeSa sabhI prakAra ke parigrahoM kA tyAga kara detA hai tathA mUrcchArahita hokara rahatA hai / " 1. annaM pAnaM khAdyaM leA nAznAti yo vibhAvaryAm / sa ca rAtribhuktivirataH satveSvanukampamAnamanAH // - ratnakaraNDa zrAvakAcAra, 7 / 142 2. maNavayaNakAya kayakAriyANumoehi mehuNaM NavadhA / divasammi jo vivajjai guNammi sau sAvao chaTTho // 3. dazAzrutaskandha, 506 4. tattAdRksaMyamAbhyAsavazIkRtamanAstridhA / - vasunandizrAvakAcAra, 296 yo jAtvazeSA no yoSA, bhajati brahmacAryasau // - sAgAradharmAmRta, 7 16 5. nirUDha saptaniSTho'GgighAtAMgasvAt karoti na / na kArayati kRSNAdInArambha viratastridhA // - vahI, 7 / 21; tathA svAmIkArtikeyAnuprekSA, 385; samIcIna dharmazAstra, 711446. mottUNavatthamettaM pariggahaM jo vivajjae sesaM / tattha vi mucchaNNa karei jANa so sAvao Navamo // - vasunandizrAvakAcAra, 299

Page #139
108 jaina yoga kA AlocanAtmaka adhyayana 10. anumatityAgapratimA--isa pratimA kA dhArI aba itanA mohayukta ho jAtA hai ki kRSi Adi AraMbha, dhana-dhAnyAdi bAhya padArtha, vivAhAdi laukika kAryoM meM manavacanakAya se anumati nahIM detA hai|' 11. uddiSTatyAgapratimA-yaha antima aura gyArahavIM pratimA hai / isa pratimA kA dhArI zrAvaka ghara ko tyAgakara munijanoM ke nikaTa calA jAtA hai aura guru ke nikaTa vratoM ko grahaNa karake choTI cAdara mAtra rakhakara bhaikSyabhojana karatA hai aura tapasyA Adi meM laga jAtA hai| isa pratimA meM koI vastra-khaNDa bhI rakhate haiM, koI mAtra kopInadhArI hote haiN|' isa prakAra ina pratimAoM ke dvArA zrAvaka kramazaH AtmavikAsa ke sopAnoM para car3hatA hai aura gyArahavIM pratimA para pahu~cakara vaha utkRSTa zrAvaka arthAt zramaNavat bana jAtA hai| pratimAoM ke dvArA jahA~ vratoM ke pAlana meM ekaniSThatA, zraddhA, Atmazuddhi, vairAgya Adi guNoM kA AvirbhAva hotA hai, vahA~ kaluSatA, kSudratA Adi kaSAyoM kA svataH parizamana ho jAtA hai| yogAraMbha meM iSTa tathA aniSTa vastu kA tyAga tathA bhoga kI mAtrA para dhyAna diyA jAtA hai| jaise-jaise Atmazuddhi meM vRddhi hotI hai, vaisevaise sAMsArika mohabandha kI AzA chUTato jAto haiM / zrAvaka ke chaha Avazyaka zramaNa ke dainika AvazyakoM kI bhAMti zrAvaka ke dainika chaha AvazyakoM kA bhI vidhAna hai| devapUjA, gurusevA, svAdhyAya, saMyama, tapa evaM dAna ye zrAvaka ke SaTkarma haiM, jo pratidina karaNIya haiN| inake karane se 1. navaniSThAparaH so'numativyuparataH vidhaa| yo nAnumodate granthamArambhaM karma caihikam ||-saagaardhrmaamRt, 7 / 30 2. guhato munivanamitvA gurUpakaNThe vratAni parigRhya / / bhaikSyAzanastapasyannutkRSTazcalakhaNDadharaH // -samIcIna dharmazAstra, 7 / 147 3. eyArasesu. paDhama vi jado NisibhoyaNaM kuNaMtassa / ThANaM Na ThAi tamhA NisibhuttiM parihare nniamaa| -vasunandizrAvakAcAra, 314 4. devasevAgurUpAstiH svAdhyAyaH sNymstpH| dAnaM ceti gRhasthAnAM SaTkarmANi dine dine / -upAsakAdhyayana, 46911

Page #140
yoga ke sAdhana : AcAra . . 109 saMyama meM vRddhi hotI hai, dharma-vyApAra meM mana sthira hotA hai, Antarika doSoM kA nAza hotA hai, samatA, maitrI, bhAvanA Adi zuddha bhAva paidA hote haiN| inake abhyAsa se AtmavikAsa hotA hai| 1. devasevA-isake antargata arahaMta prabhu kA abhiSeka, pUjana, guNoM kA stavana, japa tathA dhyAna kI kriyAeM AtI haiN|' 2. gurupUjA-isake antargata AcArya tathA guru ke prati zraddhA evaM pUjAbhAva, zAstroM kA manana-vivecana, samyaka AcaraNa Adi kriyAe~ AtI haiM, jo kalyANaprada haiN| isameM batAyA gayA hai ki mAtA-pitA, vidyA-guru, jJAti kuTumba, zrutazIla evaM dharma prakAzaka guru haiM aura inakA Adara-satkAra Adi karanA dharma hai| isI saMdarma meM gItA ke anusAra unakI sevA karanA tathA jJAna prApta karanA vihita mAnA gayA hai| 3. svAdhyAya-svAdhyAya kA artha hai AtmA kA adhyayana athavA adhyAtma kA cintavana arthAt cAroM anuyogoM kA evaM gaNasthAna, mArgaNA Adi kA samyak paThana-pAThana / ' isase citta sthira hotA hai aura AtmA kI ora dekhane kI pravRtti jAgrata hotI hai| 4. saMyama-kaSAyoM kA nigraha, indriyajaya, mana-vacana-kAya kI 1. snapanaM pUjanaM stotraM japo dhyAnaM zrutastavaH / SoDhAkiyoditA sadbhirdevasevAsu gehinAm / / -vahI, 461912, yogazAstra, 31122-23 2. AcAryopAsanaM zraddhA zAstrArthasya vivecanam / takriyANAmanuSThAnaM zreyaHprAptikaro gnnH|| -vaho, 46 / 913 ; yogazAstra, 31124 3. mAtApitAkalAcArya eteSAM jnyaatystthaa| vRddhAdharmopadeSTAro guruvargaH satAM mataH ||-yogbindu, 110 4. tadviddhi praNipAtena paripraznena sevyaa| upadekSyanti te jJAnaM jJAninastattvadarzinaH / bhagavadgItA, 4 // 34 5. anuyogaguNasthAnamArgaNAsthAnakarmasu / adhyAtmatatvavidyAyAH pAThaH svAdhyAya ucyate // -upAsakAdhyayana, 46 / 915

Page #141
110 jaina yoga kA AlocanAtmaka adhyayana pravRtti kA tyAga aura vratoM kA niyamapUrvaka pAlana karanA hI saMyama hai / ' - saMyamapAlana se hI dharmapAlana meM sthiratA AtI hai / gItA ke anusAra bhI indriya, mana, vANI, vicAra, rasendriya, kAma, krodha Adi para aMkuza rakhanA -saMyama hai / 5. tapa - isake sambandha meM vistAra ke sAtha agale adhyAya meM prakAza DAlA gayA hai / 6. dAna - zrAvaka ke lie Avazyaka mAnA gayA hai ki vaha pAtra, Agama, vidhi, dravya, deza aura kAla ke anusAra apanI zakti evaM maryAdAoM ko dhyAna meM rakhakara dAna kare / 3 dAna dene meM rAga-dveSa, kIrti kI lAlasA Adi manobhAvoM ko na Ane de | isa prakAra ye SaTkarma yA Avazyaka zrAvaka ke dainika kartavya haiM / AdipurANa meM pUjA, vArtA, dAna, svAdhyAya, saMyama evaM tapa ko 'kuladharma' kahA gayA hai / " ( 2 ) zramaNAcAra ( sAdhvAcAra ) sAdhvAcAra athavA zramaNAcAra jaina saMskRti kA mUla AdhAra hai - tathA saMyamamaya yogapUrNa jIvana kA mUla maMtra hai / yahI kAraNa hai ki sAdhu yA muni yoga ke sampUrNa staroM kA samyak rUpa se pAlana karane meM samartha hotA hai / yoga ke lie kina-kina niyamoM, upakramoM Adi kI apekSAe~ hotI haiM ve anAyAsa hI abhyAsa krama meM prApta ho jAtI haiN| yoga-siddhi ke lie zramaNacaryA sahAyaka hai / ataH usakA upayukta evaM samIcIna vizleSaNa yahA~ kiyA jAtA hai / 1. kaSAyendriyadaNDAnAM vijayo vratapAlanam / saMyama saMyataiH proktaH zreyaH zrayitumicchatAm // - vahI, 46 / 924 2. trividhaM narakasyedaM dvAraM nAzanamAtmanaH / kAmaH krodhastathA lobhastasmAdetat trayaM tyajet / / - bhagavadgItA, 16 / 21 3. pAtrAgamavidhidravya- deza - kAlAnatikramAt / dAnaM deyaM gRhasthena, tapazcayaM ca zaktitaH // - sAgAradharmAmRta, 2148 4. AdipurANa, 24 25

Page #142
yoga ke sAdhana : AcAra 111 zrAvaka athavA gRhastha ke aNuvrata Adi vrata-zIla sAdhaka ko sAdhutva kI ora prerita karate haiM aura dIkSA lene ke uparAMta sAdhu saMsAra sambandhI mamatA-moha tathA rAga-dveSa se Upara uThakara samabhAva meM sthita hote haiM / sAdhu-sAmAcArI ke sambandha meM kahA gayA hai ki guru ke samIpa rahanA, vinaya karanA, nivAsasthAna kI zuddhi rakhanA, guru ke kAryo meM zAMtipUrvaka sahayoga denA, guru-AjJA ko nibhAnA, tyAga meM nirdoSatA, bhikSAvatti se rahanA, Agama kA svAdhyAya karanA evaM mRtyu Adi kA sAmanA karanA Avazyaka hai|' sAmAcArI kA tAtparya hI yaha hai ki vivekapUrvaka saMyama-cAritra kA pAlana karanA / uttarAdhyayanasUtra meM bhI kahA hai ki vinaya kI zikSA kA srota yahI hai| sAdhu yA nigrantha hiMsA Adi kA pUrNataH tyAgI hotA hai| usake ahiMsAdivata mahAvrata kahalAte haiN| pahale kahA hI gayA hai ki zrAvaka dezavratI hotA hai aura zramaNa sarvadezavratI yA sakala cAritra kA paalnkrtaa| sAdhu ke aTThAIsa mUlaguNa aura sattara uttaraguNa" kahe gaye haiM, jinakA pUrI taraha pAlana karanA pratyeka zramaNa ke lie nitAnta Avazyaka hai / ina mUlaguNoM evaM uttaraguNoM meM zramaNa kI caryA samAhita ho jAtI hai, phira bhI kramazaH paMcamahAvratoM, triguptiyoM, paMcasamitiyoM Adi kA varNana yahA~ kara denA upayukta hogaa| 1. yogazataka, 33-35 2. vahI, pR0 46 3. sAmAcArI kA sAmAnya artha hai samyakcaryA yA samyak AcaraNa / yaha saba duHkhoM se mukta karAnevAlI hai| isake dasa aMga haiM-AvazyakI, naiSedhikI, ApRcchanA, pratipRcchanA, chandanA, icchAkAra, mithyAkAra, tathAkAra, abhyutthAna, upasaMpadA / -uttarAdhyayana, 26 / 1-7 4. mahAvrata-samityakSarodhAH syuH pNccaikshH| paramAvazyakaM SoDhA, loco'snAnamacelatA // , adantadhAvanaM bhUmizayanaM sthiti-bhojanam / ekabhaktaM ca santyete pAlyA mUlaguNA yate ||-yogsaarpraabhRt, 8 // 6-7 5. piMDavisohI samiI bhAvaNa paDimA ya indiyniroho| paDilehaNa guttIo abhiggahA caivakaraNaM tu // -opaniyuktibhASya, pR06

Page #143
112 jaina yoga kA AlocanAtmaka adhyayana paMcamahAvrata zramaNa ke pAMca mahAvrata isa prakAra haiM' - (1) sarvaprANAtipAtaviramaNa ( ahiMsAvrata ) yaha prathama mahAvrata hai | zramaNa ko ahiMsA kA sampUrNatayA pAlana tIna yoga evaM tIna karaNa se karanA hotA hai / ahiMsA mahAvrata kI pA~ca bhAvanAe~ haiM - ( 1 ) IryAsamiti - sAdhu uThane-baiThane, gamanAgamana karane Adi meM atyanta sAvadhAnI barate tAki kisI bhI jIva kI virAdhanA na ho / (2) mana kI apApakatA - mana meM aneka prakAra ke vicAra Ate haiM / ve sAvakArI, Asrava karanevAle, sakriya, chedana-bhedana evaM kalaha karanevAle, doSapUrNa evaM prANoM ke ghAtaka ho sakate haiM, jinheM mana se haTAnA sAdhu ke lie anivArya hai / (3) vacanazuddhi - vANI ke samasta doSoM se bacanA cAhie / " arthAt sAdhu ko aise vacanoM kA prayoga karanA cAhie, jinase dUsare jIvoM ko pIr3A athavA takalIpha na ho aura na kisI bhI prakAra ke doSa utpanna hoM / ( 4 ) bhaNDopakaraNasamiti - sAdhu ko pAtrAdi upakaraNoM ke rakhane Adi meM sAvadhAnI rakhanI cAhie, kyoMki inase aneka prakAra kI hiMsA honA saMbhava hai / 5 (5) AlokitapAnabhojana -- vivekapUrvaka AhAracaryA kI jAya tAki kisI prakAra kI hiMsA na ho / AhAra- pAnI kI asAvadhAnatA se choTe-moTe jIvoM kI hiMsA sambhava hai, isalie hiMsA Adi doSoM se yukta AhAra kA niSedha hai / sAdhu ko zuddha, nirdoSa AhAra hI lenA vihita hai / " 1. ahiMsa saccaM ca ateNagaM ca tato ya baMbhaM apariggahaM ca / paDivajjiyA paMcamahanvayANi, carijjadhammaM jiNadesiyaM viU || - uttarAdhyayana, 21 / 12 2. taMtthimA paDhamA bhAvanA iriyAsamie se niggaMthe. aNahariyA samiitti paDhamA bhAvanA / -- AcArAMgasUtra, dvitIya zruta0 a0 15 pR0 1420 3. vahI, pR0 1422 4. vahI, pR0 1423 5. AcArAMgasUtra, hi0 zruta0, a0 15, pR0 1424 6. vahI, pR0 1426

Page #144
yoga ke sAdhana : AcAra 113 (2) sarvamRSAvAdaviramaNa' ( satyavrata) ___ yaha dvitIya satya mahAvrata hai| sAdhu ko ahiMsA kI bhAMti hI satyamahAvrata kA pAlana tIna yoga tathA tIna karaNa se karanA hotA hai| isa mahAvrata kI pA~ca bhAvanAeM haiM (1) anuvocibhASaNa-viveka-vicArapUrvaka bolnaa| (2) kroghatyAga-sAdhu ko krodha yA Aveza se bacanA cAhie / (3) lobhatyAga-sAdhu ko lobha se sarvathA dUra rahanA cAhie, jisase ki mithyAbhASaNa kA doSa na lge| (4) bhayatyAga-sAdhu ko hara prakAra ke bhaya se sarvathA alaga rahanA caahie| (5) hAsyatyAga-ha~sI-majAka bhI asatya kA kAraNa hai| isalie sAdhu ko isase dUra rahanA caahie| (3) sarvaadattAdAnaviramaNa (asteya vrata ) yaha tRtIya acaurya mahAvrata hai| binA anumati se sAdhu ko eka tinakA bhI grahaNa karanA varjita hai / sAdhu ko tIna yoga tathA tIna karaNa se acaurya mahAvrata kA pAlana karanA hotA hai / isa mahAvrata kI bhI pAMca bhAvanAeM haiM (1) vicArapUrvaka vastu yA sthAna kI yAcanA-sAdhu ko socasamajhakara hI upayoga ke lie vastu yA sthAna ke svAmI yA zrAvaka se yAcanA karanI caahie| (2) guru kI AjJA se bhojana-vidhipUrvaka annapAnAdi lAne ke bAda guru ko dikhAkara unakI anujJApUrvaka upabhoga karanA caahie| (3) parimita padArtha grahaNa-sAdhu ko sthAna, upakaraNa, AhAra Adi ke grahaNa meM parimitatA arthAt maryAdA kA dhyAna rakhanA caahie| (4) punaH punaH padArthoM kI maryAdA-sAdhu ko bAra bAra avagraha kI maryAdA nirdhArita karanI caahie| 1. vahI, pR0 1430-31 2. vahI, pR0 1437-38

Page #145
114 jaina yoga kA AlocanAtmaka adhyayana (5) sAdharmika avagrahayAcana--sAdhu apane samAnadharmI dUsare sAdhu se Avazyaka hone para parimita sthAna kI yAcanA kare / ___ isa prakAra sAdhu ko vivekapUrvaka sthAna yA vastu grahaNa karanA caahie| (4) sarvamaithunaviramaNa (brahmacaryavrata) yaha caturtha brahmacarya mahAvata hai| anya mahAvratoM kI bhAMti hI isa mahAvrata kA pAlana sAdhu ko mana-vacana-kAya evaM kRta-kArita-anumodanA pUrvaka karanA hotA hai / isa mahAvrata kI bhI pA~ca bhAvanAeM haiM-- (1) strIkathAtyAga--sAdhu ko kAmavardhaka strIkathA yA bAteM nahIM . karanA caahie| (2) manohara kriyAvalokanatyAga--mahAvratI ko apane se vijAtIya vyakti ke mukha, stana, daNDa, bAla Adi kAmoddIpaka aMgoM kA avalokana karanA vajita hai| (3) pUrvarativilAsasmaraNatyAga-sAdhu ko cAhie ki vaha brahmacaryavrata svIkAra karane ke pUrva ke kAma-bhogoM kA smaraNa na kre| (4) praNItarasabhojanatyAga-pramANa se adhika athavA kAmavardhaka rasayukta AhArapAnI grahaNa nahIM karanA caahie| (5) zayanAsana-tyAga--strI, pazu, napusaka Adi ke Asana athavA zaiyA Adi kA upayoga karanA sAdhu ko vihita nahIM hai / ' . ___ isa taraha sabhI prakAra se mana, vacana evaM kAya dvArA maithuna-bhAvanAdi kI nivRtti hI brahmacarya hai aura usakA sampUrNatayA pAlana karanA kisI bhI yogI ke lie nitAnta Avazyaka hai| (5) sarvaparigrahaviramaNa (aparigrahavata) ____ yaha pA~cavA~ aparigraha mahAvrata hai / sAdhu ko saba prakAra ke anta raGga evaM bAhya parigraha se mukta rahanA caahie| parigrahoM se mana kaluSita hotA hai, azAMti, bhaya, tRSNA, bar3hatI hai aura mana ekAgra nahIM ho paataa| parigraha arthAt mUrchA ke kAraNa ahiMsAdi mahAvratoM kA pAlana 1. vahI, pR0 1445-46 2. vahI, pR0 1405-57 .

Page #146
-yoga ke sAdhana : AcAra 115 bhI nahIM ho pAtA / isa mahAvrata ko bhI pA~ca bhAvanAe~ haiM, jo pA~ca iMdriyoM ke viSayoM se sambandhita haiM- (1) zrotendriya meM anAsakti -- sAdhu priya apriya, komala-kaThora zabdoM ke prati rAga-dveSa nahIM rakhe / - (2) cakSarindriyoM meM anAsakti -- sAdhu ko priya apriya rUpoM ke ava-lokana ke prati udAsIna rahanA cAhie / (3) prANendriya meM anAsakti -- sAdhu sugandha athavA durgandha ke prati udAsIna rahe / (4) rasanendriya meM anAsakti -- sAdhu ko priya athavA apriya vastu ke svAda meM, rasa meM Asakti nahIM rakhanI cAhie / (5) sparzendriya meM anAsakti -- priya sparza meM rAga aura apriya meM dveSa utpanna hotA hai aura aisA rAgadveSa rakhane se zAnti bhaGga hotI hai / ataH sAdhu ko hara prakAra ke sparza ke prati udAsIna rahanA cAhie / aparigraha mahAvrata ke dhArI sAdhu yA yogI ko saMsAra ke prati sArI Asakti kA tyAga kara dene kA vidhAna hai / aparigrahI sAdhu ho sahI artha meM yogI hotA hai / guptiyA~ evaM samitiyA~ (aSTa pravacanamAtA ) mAnasika ekAgratA evaM vizuddhi ke lie azubha pravRttiyoM kA zamana aura zubha pravRttiyoM kA AcaraNa Avazyaka hai / mana kI vizuddhatA evaM ekAgratA zramaNa ke mahAvratoM kI rakSA evaM poSaNa karatI hai aura Atmika vikAsa arthAt yoga dvArA mokSa kI sthiti taka pahu~cAne meM sahAyaka hai / isake lie guptiyoM aura samitiyoM kA vidhAna hai, kyoMki guptiyA~ mana, vacana evaM kAya kI azubha pravRttiyoM ko rokatI haiM, aura samitiyA~ cAritra kI pravRtti ke lie haiM / vastutaH gupti evaM samiti se ekAgratA prApta hoto hai tathA zubha pravRttiyoM kI ora unmukha hone kA abhyAsa prabala banatA hai / ina donoM kA saMyukta nAma aSTa pravacanamAtA hai / " yn 1. eyAo paMca samiIo, caraNassa ya pavattaNe / guttI niyattaNe vRttA asubhatyesu savvaso // - uttarAdhyayana, 24 / 26 - 2. etAzcAritragAtrasya, jananAtparipAlanAt / saMzodhanAcca sAdhUnAM mAtaro'STau prakIttitAH // 1 FOO - yogazAstra, 1145; uttarAdhyayana, 24|1

Page #147
jaina yoga kA mAlocanAtmaka adhyayana (a) guptiyA~ gupti kA lakSaNa-samyagdarzana aura samyagjJAnapUrvaka triyoga ( mana, vacana, kAya ) ko apane apane mArga meM sthApita karanA gupti hai| vastutaH mana, vacana evaM kAya kI pravRtti sarvadA rAga-dveSa kI ora rahatI hai| sAdhu apanI sAdhanA dvArA mana-vacana-kAya ko zubha pravRtti kI ora unmukha karatA hai / tathA kaSAyarUpI vAsanAoM se rakSA ke lie gupti rUpI astra kA prayoga karanA kaahie|' gupti ke bheda-guptiyA~ tIna haiM- manogupti, vacanagupti aura kaaygupti| (1) manogupti-saMrambha, samArambha aura Arambha meM pravRtta mana ko rokanA manogupti hai| dUsare zabdoM meM rAgadveSa Adi kaSAyoM se mana ko nivRtta karanA manogupti hai| isake cAra bheda haiM:-satyA, mRSA, satyAmRSA evaM asatyAmRSA / satya ciMtana karanA satyA manogupti hai aura asatya cintana karanA mRSAmanogupti hai| satya asatya kA mizrita ciMtana satyAmaSA manogupti tathA kevala loka-vyavahAra dekhanA (na saca na jhUTha) asatyA mRSA manogupti hai| (2) bacanagupti-asatya bhASaNAdi se nivRtta honA yA mauna dhAraNa - 1. (ka) vAkkAyacittajAnekasAvadhapratiSedhakaM / triyogarodhakaM vA syAdyattadguptitrayaM matam ||-jnyaanaarnnv, 1814; (kha) samyagdarzanajJAnapUrvakatritriyogasya zAstrokta vidhinA svAdhInamArgavyavasthApana rUpatvaM guti sAmAnyasya lakSaNam / -AItdarzanadIpikA, 5 / 642 2. saddhaM nagaraM kiccA, tavasaMvaramaggalaM / / - khanti niuNapAgAraM, tiguttaM duppadhaMsayaM // -uttarAdhyayana, 9 / 20 3. (ka) vahI, 24 / 21 (kha) jA rAgAdiNiyattI maNassa jANAhi taM maNogutti / -mUlArAdhanA, 6 / 1187 4. saccA taheva mosA ya, sAccamosA taheva ya / cautthI asaccamosA, maNaguttI cauvihA / / - uttarAdhyayana, 24 // 20

Page #148
yoga ke sAdhana : AcAra 117 karanA vacanagupti hai / " asatya, kaThora, AtmazlAghI vacanoM se dUsaroM ke mana - kA ghAta hotA hai arthAt vAcanA, pRcchanA, praznottara Adi meM vacana kA nirodha karanA hI vacanagupti hai / ata: cAhe satya ho yA asatya ho jisase dUsaroM ke mana ko pIr3A pahu~ce aise vacana nahIM bolanA cAhie / isake cAra bheda haiM -- satyavAggupti, mRSAvAggupti, satyAmRSAvAggupti, asatyAmRSA vAggupti | (3) kAyagupti - ajJAnavaza zArIrika kriyAoM dvArA bahuta-se jIvoM ko pIr3A hotI hai, unakA ghAta hotA hai ataH isase sAdhu ko bacanA cAhie / isa prakAra saMrambha, samArambha aura ArambhapUrvaka kAyika pravRttiyoM kA nirodha karanA kAya gupti hai, jisase ki khar3e rahane, zayana karane, baiThane, - laMghana athavA pralaMghana karane meM kisI bhI jIva kI hiMsA na ho / 4 (A) samitiyA~ saMyama meM dRr3hatA tathA cAritra - vikAsa ke lie - mahAvratoM kI rakSA ke lie -- samitiyoM kA vidhAna mahattvapUrNa hai / samitiyA~ pA~ca haiM (1) IryAsamiti - mArga, udyoga, upayoga evaM Alambana kI zuddhiyoM kA Azraya karake gamana karane meM IryAsamiti kA vyavahAra kiyA jAtA hai / " sAvadhAnIpUrvaka gamana karanA, jisase kisI bhI jIva kI virAdhanA na ho, mArgazuddhi hai / prakAza meM dekhabhAlakara sAvadhAnIpUrvaka calanA udyotazuddhi aura dravya, kSetra, kAla evaM bhAva kI apekSA se gamana karanA upayoga-zuddhi hai / eka sthAna se dUsare sthAna para jAte samaya 2 1. saMjJAdiparihAreNa yanmaunasyAvalambanam / vAgvRtteH saMvRttirvA yA sA vAgguptirihocyate // - yogazAstra, 1/42 2. vAcan pracchan praznavyAkaraNAdiSvapi sarvathA vAGnirodharUpatvaM sarvathA bhASAnirodharUpatvaM vA vAggupterlakSaNam / - ArhatudarzanadIpikA, 5/644 3. uttarAdhyayana, 24 / 22 4. uttarAdhyayana, 24 / 24-25 5. maggujjo dupaogAlaMbaNasuddhIhi iriyado muNiNo / sutANavIci bhaNidA iriyAsamidI pavaNammi | - mUlArAdhanA, 6 / 1191; jJAnArNava, 18/5-7 uttarAdhyayana, 24-4, , "

Page #149
118 jaina yoga kA AlocanAtmaka adhyayana upadeza denA, guru, tIrtha evaM caityavaMdanA kA nirvAha karanA AlaMbana-zuddhi hai| isa prakAra samyak rUpa se dekhabhAlakara calanA IryAsamiti hai| (2) bhASAsamiti-saMyatamuni krodha, mAna, mAyA, lobha, hAsya, bhaya, mukharatA, vikathA Adi ATha doSoM se rahita yathAsamaya parimita evaM nirdoSa bhASA bole / (3) eSaNAsamiti-AhArAdi kI gaveSaNA, grahaNaiSaNA tathA paribhogaiSaNA meM AhAraAdi ke udgama, utpAdana Adi doSoM kA nivAraNa karanA eSaNAsamiti hai| isa samiti ke dvArA sAdhu ko apane dharmopakaraNoM kA zuddhipUrvaka upayoga karane kA vidhAna hai| bauddhayoga ke anusAra gamana, zayana sthAna aura niSadyA ye cAra Ipitha haiM, jinheM bhalIbhA~ti dekhakara dharmapravRtti karane kA vidhAna hai| (4) AdAnanikSepasamiti-sAmAnya aura vizeSa, donoM prakAra ke upakaraNoM ko A~khoM se pratilekhanA tathA pramArjana karake lenA aura rakhanA AdAnanikSepasamiti hai| cakSu se samyak rUpa se dekhanA pratilekhanA hai aura vastu ko sApha karane kI kriyA pramArjanA hai| (5) pariSThApanA yA vyutsaryasamiti-jIva-janturahita bhUmi para, sApha karake malamUtrAdi kA, nAka, A~kha, kAna tathA zarIra ke maila kA utsarga karanA pariSThApanA yA vyutsargasamiti hai| yaha visarjana sthaNDilabhUmi meM 1. kohe mANe ya mAyAe lobhe ya uvauttayA / hAse bhae moharie, vigahAsu taheva ya / / eyAI aTTa ThANAiM parivajjittu sNje| asAvajjaM miyaM kAle, bhAsaM bhAsejja pannavaM ||-uttraadhyyn, 24 / 9-10, tathA yogazAstra, 137 2. uttarAdhyayana, 24 / 11-12; jJAnArNava, 18 / 11 3. vizuddhimArga, pRthvikasiNanideza, 4 4. cakkhusA paDilehitA, pamajjejja jayaM jaI / Aie nikkhivejjA vA, duhao vi samie syaa||-uttraadhyyn, 24 / 14; tathA yogazAstra, 1139 vijantukadharApRSThe, mUtrazleSmamalAdikam / kSipato 'tiprayatnena vyutsargasamitirbhavet // -jJAnArNava, 18114, tathA uttarAdhyayana, 24 / 15 .

Page #150
yoga ke sAdhana : mAcAra 119 kiyA jAtA hai jo cAra prakAra kI hotI hai, jaise-anApAta aMsaloka; anApAta saMloka, ApAta asaMloka tathA ApAta saMloka / ' / isa prakAra sAdhu athavA sAdhaka ko gupti-samitipUrvaka arthAt sAvadhAnIpUrvaka kriyAe~ karane kA vidhAna hai| samiti evaM gupti se AMtarika aura bAhya pravRttiyoM kA saMyamana hotA hai aura sAtha-sAtha zubha pravRttiyoM kA poSaNa bhii| SaDAvazyaka jisa prakAra zrAvaka ke lie pUjA-pATha, svAdhyAya, vaMdanAdi dainika Avazyaka kriyAoM kA vidhAna hai, usI prakAra sAdhu athavA zramaNa ke lie bhI Avazyaka ( karane yogya kriyAoM) kA vidhAna hai| ye Avazyaka kriyAeM chaha haiM (1) sAmAyika-sama kI Aya arthAt samatAbhAva kA AnA hI sAmAyika hai / arthAt dehadhAraNA aura prANa-viyoga meM, icchita vastu kA lAbha-alAbha, iSTAniSTa ke saMyoga-viyoga, sukhaduHkha, bhUkha-pyAsa Adi bAdhAoM meM rAga-dveSarahita pariNAma honA sAmAyika hai / jo mana, vacana aura kAya kI pApapUrNa pravRttiyoM se haTAkara niravadya vyApAra meM pravRtta karAtI hai, use sAmAyika kahate haiN| (2) caturvizatajinastava-caubIsa tIrthaMkaroM kI zraddhApUrvaka stuti karanA caturvizatijinastava Avazyaka hai / . (3) vandanA-mana, vacana evaM kAya kI zuddhipUrvaka arahaMta, siddha, guru Adi kI vaMdanA karanA vandanA Avazyaka hai| (4) pratikramaNa-dharma-vidhi athavA dainika kriyAoM meM pramAda Adi ke kAraNa azubha pariNAma hone yA doSa lagane para unakI nivRtti ke lie 1. uttarAdhyayana, 24 / 16 2. sAmAyike stave bhaktyA vandanAyAM pratikrame / pratyAkhyAne tanUtsarge vartamAnasya saMvaraH // -yogasAraprAbhRta, 5 / 46 3. yat sarva-dravya-saMdarbha rAga-dveSa-vyapohanam / Atmatattva-niviSTasya tatsAmAyikamucyate ||-vhii, 5 / 47

Page #151
120 jaina yoga kA AlocanAtmaka adhyayana ciMtana karanA pratikramaNa Avazyaka hai / isase svIkRta vratoM ke chidra banda hote haiM / ATha pravacanamAtA ke ArAdhana se vizuddha cAritra ko prApta karate hue sAdhu sanmArga meM samyak samAdhistha hokara vicaraNa karatA hai|' (5) kAyotsarga-dehabhAva ke visarjana ko hI kAyotsarga kahate haiN| isa Avazyaka ke antargata baiThakara yA khar3e rahakara dhyAna karate hue sAdhu AtmasvarUpa kA ciMtana karatA hai / isake dvArA jIva apane atIta aura vartamAna kAla ke prAyazcitta yogya doSoM kA zodhana karatA hai aura prazasta dhyAna meM lIna hokara sukhapUrvaka vicaraNa karatA hai / 2 .. (6) pratyAkhyAna-pratyAkhyAna kA artha hai sAMsArika viSayoM kA tyAga / isa Avazyaka dvArA nitya ke AhArAdi meM amaka padArtha kA amuka kAla vizeSa ke lie tyAga kiyA jAtA hai| pratyAkhyAna karane se karmAsrava rukate haiM, icchAoM kA nirodha hotA hai aura saMyama kI vRddhi hotI hai| inakA pAlana karane se samyaktva yA cAritra kI prApti hotI hai / ina AvazyakoM meM jo sAdhaka bhaktipUrvaka saMlIna hotA hai, usake karmo kA Asrava ruka jAtA hai, parama zAMti evaM samAdhi meM sthita hotA hai| dasa dharma ____ yadyapi mahAvratoM athavA aNuvratoM meM AtmavikAsamUlaka dharma kA aMtarbhAva ho jAtA hai, tathApi zramaNa athavA zrAvaka ke lie bhAva yA guNamUlaka dharma kA vidhAna alaga se prarUpita hai, kyoMki saMyama kI sthiratA aura AtmavikAsa ke lie ye dharma sahAyaka aura upayukta haiN| yahI kAraNa hai ki muktilAbha ke lie Atmonnati ke kramika vikAsa ko dharma kahA gayA hai| zrAvaka athavA muni ke jIvana meM kabhI bhI pramAda athavA rAgadveSavaza kaSAyoM kI utpatti saMbhava hai aura kisI vyakti meM kSamAdi bhAvoM kA abhAva hotA hai / ataH dainika jIvana kI mana, vacana evaM kAyAdi saMbaMdhI 1. uttarAdhyayana, 29 / 9-12 2. uttarAdhyayana 29 / 13, yogasAraprAbhRta, 5152 3. uttarAdhyayana, 29 / 14, yogasAraprAbhRta, 5 / 51 4. abhyudayApavargaheturUpatvaM dharmasya lakSaNam / -AItadarzanadIpikA, 36351

Page #152
yoga ke sAdhana : AcAra 121 aneka kriyAoM ke parimArjana tathA kSamAdi bhAvoM kI prApti ke lie dharma kA cintavana evaM abhyAsa kiyA jAtA hai| arthAt sAdhu vahI hai jo lAbha, alAbha, zatru, mitra Adi meM na dveSa rakhatA hai na rAgAdi bhAva / vaha sadA ratnatraya se yukta kSamAdi bhAvoM meM lIna samatAbhAva kA poSaka athavA abhyAsI hotA hai| dharma dasa prakAra kA hai2-(1) kSamA, (2) mArdava, (3) Ajava, (4) zauca, (5) satya, (6) saMyama, (7) tapa, (8) tyAga (9) AkiMcanya evaM (10) brahmacarya / tattvArthasUtrakAra ne inheM uttama kahA hai| arthAt ye dharma utkRSTa haiN| navatattvaprakaraNa meM inheM yati-dharma kI saMjJA dI gayI hai| vizativizikA' ke anusAra Arjava ke bAda zauca ke sthAna para 'mukti' hai jo tyAga ke artha meM vyavahRta hai| (1) kSamA-ajJAnI logoM dvArA zArIrika kaSTa, apazabda, apamAna ha~sI tathA durvyavahAra kiye jAne para bhI krodhakaSAya yA kSobha kA prakaTa na honA kSamAbhAva hai| (2) mArdava-jAti, kula, aizvarya yA sauMdarya, jJAna, zakti Adi kA garva nahIM karanA, vinaya rakhanA hI mArdava hai|' ' (3) Arjava-mana, vacana evaM kAya dvArA kuTila pravRttiyoM ko rokanA, saralabhAva rakhanA Arjava hai| 1. jo rayaNattaya juto khamAdi-bhAvehi-pariNado-NiccaM / satvatthavi majjhattho so sAha bhaNNade dhmmo| -svAmikArtikeyAnuprekSA, 392 2. uttamakSamAmArdavAvazaucasatyasaMyamatapastyAgAkiMcanyabrahmacaryANi dharmaH / -tatvArthasUtra, 916 3. navatattvaprakaraNa, 29 4. khaMtIya-muddava ajjava muttI tava saMjamaM ya boddhavya / saccaM sIyaM aMkiMcaNaM ca baMbhaM ca jaidhammo // -viMzativizikA, 11 / 2 5. padmanaMdi paMcaviMzaMtikA, 1985 6. jAtyAdimadAvezAdabhimAnAbhAvo mArdavam / --tattvArtharAjavArtika, 9 / 6 7. yogasya vakratA Arjavam / --vahI, 916

Page #153
122 jaina yoga kA AlocanAtmaka adhyayana (4) zauca-lobha, tRSNAdi vRttiyoM kA tyAga karanA tathA bhojana meM gRddhi nahIM rakhanA zoca hai / ' antarbAhya zucitA kA hI mahattva hai| (5) satya-AcAra kA pAlana karane meM asamartha hote hue bhI jhUTha nahIM bolanA, AptavacanoM ko asatya nahIM mAnanA tathA kaThora, nindya bAta na kahanA hI satya hai / (6) saMyama--prANiyoM ko pIr3A na pahu~cAnA tathA indriya-viSayoM meM Asakti nahIM rakhanA saMyama hai| (7) tapa--tapa kA tAtparya apanI iMdriyoM ke viSayoM ko tapAkara Atmazuddhi karane se hai aura tapa kI ArAdhanA aneka prakAra ke kAyaklezoM dvArA hotI hai jinameM ihaloka yA paraloka ke sukha kI apekSA nahIM hotii| (8) tyAga-cetana evaM acetana samasta antarbAhya parigraha kI nivRtti hI tyAga hai / " tyAga kA sthUla artha dAna bhI hai| (9)AkiMcanya-mana, vacana evaM kAya se saba prakAra kI dhana-sampatti, gRha-vaibhava Adi parigraha meM mamatvabuddhi na rakhanA hI AkiMcanya hai / 6 tyAga aura AkiMcanya meM antara yaha hai ki tyAga karane ke bAda bhI tyakta padArtha meM Asakti raha jAtI hai| tyAga karane ke bAda sAdhaka jaba apane ko akiMcana, zUnya banA letA hai, tabhI usake AkiMcanya dharma hotA hai| (10) brahmacarya-strI-sahavAsa, bhoge hue kAmabhogoM kA ciMtana 1. svAmikAttikeyAnuprekSA, 397 2. jiNavayaNameva bhAsadi taM pAleMdu asakka mANovi / vavahAreNa vi aliyaM Na vadadi jo saccavAI so ||-vhii, 398 3. samitiSu pravartamAnasya prANIndriyaparihAraH sNymH| ___-tattvArtharAjavArtika, pR0 596 4. iha para loyaM suhANaM Nikhekkho jo karedi smbhaavo| . vivihaM kAyaM-kilesaM tava-dhammo Nimmalo tassa / / __ - svAmikAttikeyAnuprekSA, 440 5. prigrhnivRttistyaagH|-tttvaarthraajvaartik; pR0 595 6. svAmikAttikeyAnuprekSA, 402 **

Page #154
yoga ke sAdhana : AcAra 123 smaraNa, strI ke rUpa evaM aMgAdi kA darzana, kAmottejaka sAhitya kA pATha Adi pravRtti se dUra rahanA tathA AtmacaryA meM lInatA hI brahmacarya hai|' isa taraha ina uttama dharmoM kA pAlana karane se dIrghakAla se saMcita rAga-dveSa, mohAdi kA zIghra hI upazamana ho jAtA hai tathA ahaMkAra, parISaha, kaSAya kA bhI bhedana hotA hai| ataH yoga-sAdhanA meM dasa dharmo kA Atyantika mahattva hai, kyoMki yoga ke lie bAhya AcAroM kI apekSA antaraMga pariNAmoM, bhAvoM kI zuddhatA hI parama Avazyaka hai| bAraha anuprekSAe~ jisa prakAra yogadarzana meM kliSTa aura akliSTa do vRttiyoM kA ullekha hai, usI prakAra jainadarzana meM bhI sakaSAya aura akaSAya ina do mArgoM kA nirdeza hai| jaise kliSTa vRtti meM avidyA, asmitA, rAga-dveSa evaM abhiniveza ye pA~ca kleza Ate haiM, vaise hI sakaSAyavRtti meM bhI mithyAdarzana, avirati, pramAda, kaSAya aura yoga kA varNana hai| isa prakAra saMsAra ke mUla kAraNa meM ajJAna athavA mithyAtva hI hai| jaina-darzana ke isa mithyAtva ko hI yoga-darzana meM avidyA tathA bauddha-darzana meM ajJAna kahA gayA hai / isI mithyAtva athavA moha ke kAraNa jIva isa saMsAra meM anaMta kAla se bhaTakatA A rahA hai| isI saMsAra-baMdhana meM par3akara jIva rAgadveSa, kaSAya Adi ke kAraNa svabhAva ko bhUlakara janma-maraNa karatA rahatA hai| ataH pichale janma ke karma-saMskAroM tathA vartamAna janma ke karmoM ko naSTa karanA jIva ke lie atyaMta Avazyaka hai, tAki vaha mokSa prApta karane 1. vahI, 403 2. dazavidhadharmAnuSThAyinaH sadA rAgadveSamohAnAm / dRDharUDhadhanAnAmapi bhavatyupazamo'lpakAlena // 179 // mamakArAhaMkAratyAgAdatidurjayoddhataprabalAn / hanti parISahagauravakaSAyadaNDendriyavyUhAn // 180 ||--prshmrtiprkrnnm 3. yoga-darzana, 2012 4. sakaSAyAkaSAyayoH sAmparAyikeryApathayoH / -tattvArthasUtra, 605 5. vahI, 81 6. kaSAya cAra haiM-krodha, mAna, mAyA aura lobha /

Page #155
124 jaina yoga kA AlocanAtmaka adhyayana meM samartha ho sake / isa dRSTi se jaina-yoga meM zrAvakAcAra tathA sAdhvAcAra ke nimitta vibhinna AcAra - niyamoM kA prarUpaNa huA hai / vastutaH ina AcAra-niyamoM ke dvArA jIva meM saMyama kI vRddhi hotI hai, jise cAritra kahA jAtA hai; aura karmoM kA Asrava rukatA hai arthAt saMvara kI prApti hotI hai / parantu sAdhaka kI indriyA~ tathA mana sAdhaka ko sarvadA apane mArga se vicalita karane evaM rAgadveSAdi bhAvoM ko bar3hAne ke lie tatpara rahate haiM / isalie ina para vijaya prApta karane ke lie anuprekSAoM kA vidhAna hai, jinake dvArA caMcala pravRttiyoM kA saMyamana tathA AtmavikAsa hotA hai / anuprekSAoM ko vairAgya kI jananI bhI kahA hai / anuprekSA kA artha hai gahana ciMtana, kyoMki AtmA kA vizuddha ciMtana hone ke kAraNa inameM sAMsArika vAsanA-vikAroM kA koI sthAna nahIM rahatA aura sAdhaka vikAsa karatA huA mokSAdhikArI hone meM samartha hotA hai / anuprekSA se karmo kA baMdhana zithila hotA hai / 3 jaba jIva meM zubha vicAroM kA udaya hotA hai, taba azubha vicAroM kA AnA kramazaH baMda hotA jAtA hai / ata: anuprekSAe~ karma-nirodha kI sAdhanA bhI haiM / sAdhaka ko dharma-prema, vairAgya, cAritra kI dRr3hatA tathA kaSAyoM ke zamana ke lie inakA anucitana karate rahanA cAhie, kyoMki jisakI AtmA bhAvanAyoga se zuddha hotI hai, vaha saba duHkhoM se mukta ho jAtA hai / " isa -bAta kA samarthana yoga darzana meM bhI prApta hotA hai| isake anusAra bhAvanA arthAt anuprekSA tathA jIva meM bahuta gaharA saMbaMdha hai aura bhAvanAoM kA citavana karane se Atmazuddhi hotI hai / isalie Izvara kA bAra-bAra japa karane kA vidhAna hai / kahA gayA hai ki japa ke bAda Izvara-bhAvanA karanI 4 1. AsravanirodhaH saMvaraH / - tattvArthasUtra, 9 / 1 2. vairAgya upAvana mAI, cito anuprekSA bhAI | chahaDhAlA, 5 / 1 3. uttarAdhyayana, 29 / 22 4. tAzca saMvegavairAgyayamaprazamasiddhaye / AlAnitA manaH stambhe munibhirmokSamicchubhiH || - jJAnArNava, 226 5. bhAvaNAjoga suddhappA, jale NAvA va AhiyA / nAvA va tIrasaMpannA, samvadukkhA tiuTTai // - sUtrakRtAMga, 1 / 15 / 5

Page #156
yoga ke sAdhana : AcAra 125 cAhie aura Izvara kI bhAvanA ke pazcAt japa / isa taraha donoM yogoM kI prApti hone para paramezvara - sAkSAtkAra hotA hai / " jaina-darzana meM anuprekSAoM kI mahatI pratiSThA hai| anuprekSAe~ yA bhAvanAe~ bAraha haiM / yathA - anitya, azaraNa, saMsAra, ekatva, anyatva, azuci, Asrava, saMvara, nirjarA, dharma, loka aura bodhidurlabha / anuprakSA ke ina prakAroM kA varNana vArasa aNuvekkhA, tattvArthasUtra, prazamaratiprakaraNa", mUlAcAra', svAmikArtikeyAnuprakSA, zAMtasudhArasa', manonuzAsana ; bRhad dravyasaMgraha 10, jJAnArNava Adi graMthoM meM bhI hai / yadyapi inake krama meM kahIM-kahIM kiMcit antara dIkha par3atA hai, parantu prakAroM meM aMtara nahIM hai / (1) anityAnuprekSA- yaha zarIra apavitra, anitya tathA aneka azuciyoM se bharA hai tathA vinaSTa honevAlA hai / jo janmatA hai vaha maratA hI hai / isalie saMsAra ko anitya, asthira, nAzavAn samajhanA aura aisA citavana karanA hI anityAnupra ekSA hai / 12 (2) azaraNAnuprekSA- isa saMsAra meM kyoMki jaba vaha rogazayyA para par3atA hai 1. tajjapastadarthabhAvanma / -- yogadarzana, vyAsabhASya, 128 2. yogazAstra, 4/55-56 3. adbhuvamasaraNamegattamaNNattasaMsAraloya masuitaM / Asava saMvaraNijjara dhammaM bodhi ca citijja || - bArasaaNuvekkhA, 2 4. tasvArthasUtra, 9 / 7 5. prazamaratiprakaraNa, 8 / 149-50 jIva kA koI zaraNa nahIM hai, athavA chedana bhedana kiyA jAtA 6. mUlAcAra, dvAdazAnuprekSAdhikAra, pR0 1-76 7. svAmikArtikeyAnuprekSA, 2-3 8. zAnta sudhArasa, 117-8 9. manonuzAsana, 3 / 22 10. bRhad dravyasaMgraha, TIkA, 35 11. jJAnArNava, adhyAya 2 12. imaM sarIraM aNiccaM, asui asuisaMbhavaM / aAsayAvAsa miNaM, dukkhakesANa bhrAyaNaM / - uttarAdhyayana, 19 / 13

Page #157
126 jaina yoga kA AlocanAtmaka adhyayana hai taba koI bhI saMbaMtrI usake duHkha meM hAtha ba~TAne nahIM AtA / " yahA~ sabhI apanI rakSA ko hI socate haiM / bAlapana, yauvana evaM buDhApA kramazaH AtA hai, kAla kisI kA intajAra nahIM karatA aura vidyA, maMtra, auSadhi yA jar3I-bUTI se bhI kisI kA maraNa TalatA nahIM hai / ataH jIva kA ekamAtra sahArA athavA zaraNa dharma hI hai / dharma se hI mokSamArga kI prApti bhI hotI hai / ataH dharma kI zaraNa meM jAnA hI zreyaskara hai| isa prakAra kA citavana karanA azaraNAnupra ekSA hai ! 1 (3) saMsArAnuprekSA - yaha jIva hamezA yAnI janma-janma meM zarIra dhAraNa karatA hai aura chor3atA hai| isa prakAra janma-maraNa kA cakra hamezA calatA rahatA hai / saMsAra meM sukha lezamAtra nahIM hai, vaha duHkhoM se bharA hai / pratyeka jIva saMsaraNa kara rahA hai / saMsAra ke svarUpa kA aisA cintavana karanA saMsArAnupra ekSA hai / 3 (4) ekatvAnuprekSA- isa saMsAra meM jIva akelA hI paidA hotA hai| aura akelA hI maratA hai / sukha, duHkha, roga, zoka evaM vedanA usI ko sahana karanI par3atI hai / " cAhe jitanA dhana vaibhava, ghara-dvAra, putra- kalatra ho, marate samaya kisI kA koI sAtha nahIM detA / aisA cintavana karanA ekatvAnuprakSA hai / (5) anyatvAnuprekSA - saMsAra ke sabhI padArtha mujhase bhinna haiM aura meM unase bhinna hU~ / arthAt zarIra tathA bAhya vastuoM Adi kA cetana AtmA se kucha saMbaMdha nahIM hai, kyoMki ve sabhI jIva ke svabhAva nahIM haiM", aisA cintavana karanA anyatvAnuprekSA hai / 1. piturmAtu: svasurbhrAtustanayAnAM ca pazyatAm / atrANo nIyate jantuH karmabhiryamasadmani // - yogazAstra, 4 / 62 2. vidyAmaMtra mahauSadhisevAM, sRjatuvazIkRta - devAM / rasatu - rasAyanamupacayakaraNaM, tadapi na muMcati maraNam // - zAntasudhArasa, 214 3. na yAti katamAM yoniM katamAM vA na muJcati / saMsArI karmasambandhAdavakrayakuTImiva // - yogazAstra, 4166 4. svAmikArtikeyAnuprekSA, 74-75 5. kSIranIravadekatra sthitayordehadehanoH / medo yadi tato'nyeSu kalatrAdiSu kA kathA | - padmanaMdi paMcaviMzatikA, 6 / 49; yogazAstra, 4 70

Page #158
yoga ke sAdhana : AcAra 127 (6) azucitvAnuprekSA-jise hama apanA mAnakara calate haiM, vaha zarIra aneka durgandhita padArthoM se bharA hai jisameM rakta, mAMsa, rudhira, carbI Adi bhare haiN|' zarIra ke prati prema athavA mamatva rakhanA vyartha hai aura phira yaha zarIra bhI to nAzavAna hai| zarIra evaM saMsAra kI azucitA, apavitratA kA cintavana karanA azucitvAnuprekSA hai| (6) Asra vAnuprekSA-mana, vacana, evaM kAya ke vyApAra ko yoga kahate haiM / isI se zubha-azubha karmo kA Agamana hotA hai / mana, vacana, kAya ke vyApAra hI karmo ke Asrava ke dvAra haiN| zubhAzubha karmAsrava kA cintavana karanA AsravAnuprakSA hai| (8) saMvarAnuprekSA-AsravoM kA nirodha arthAt karmo ke Ane ke mArgo ko banda karake sAdhanA kI ora unmukha honA hI saMvara hai / saMvara do prakAra kA hai-(1) dravyasaMvara va bhaavsNvr| karmo ke Agamana kA rukanA dravyasaMvara kahA jAtA hai aura bhava-bhramaNa kI kAraNabhUta kriyAoM kA sthAna bhAvasaMvara hai| isa prakAra saMvara kA citavana karanA saMvArAnuprakSA hai| (9) nirjarAnuprekSA-pUrvasaMcita athavA ba~dhe hue karmo ko tapa ke dvArA naSTa karanA nirjarA hai| nirjarA do prakAra kI hai-sakAma-nirjarA tathA akaam-nirjraa| tapasvI yA yogIgaNa tapasyA dvArA karmoM ko naSTa karate haiN| ataH unake sakAma-nirjarA hotI hai / AtmA ke zuddha-nirmala rUpa kA cintavana karanA hI nirjarAnuprekSA hai|" 10. dharmAnuprekSA-isa saMsAra meM ahiMsA, saMyama aura taparUpa dharma utkRSTa maMgala hai, jise devatA bhI namaskAra karate haiN|' sAdhaka cintavana 1. asRgmAMsavasApUrNa zIrNakIkasapaMjaram / zirAnaddhaM ca durgandhaM kva zarIraM prazasyate ||-jnyaanaarnnv, 2 / 107 2. manovAkkAyakarmANi yogAH karma zubhAzubham / yadAzravanti jantUnAmAzravAstena kIrtitAH ||-yogshaastr, 474 3. vahI, 4180 4. jJAnArNava, 21140-148 5. dazavaikAlika, 11

Page #159
128 jaina yoga kA AlocanAtmaka adhyayana karatA hai ki dharma hI guru aura mitra hai, dharma hI svAmI aura bandhu hai, asahAyoM kA sahaja premI hai aura rakSaka hai| isa prakAra muni kSamAdi dasa dharmo kA bAra-bAra citavana karatA hai|' 11. lokAnuprekSA-isa loka arthAt sampUrNa jagat ke svarUpa kA, usakI sthiti kA vicAra karanA ki isako na kisI ne banAyA hai aura na dhAraNa kiyA hai| yaha anAdi anantakAla se svayameva siddha hai, tIna vAtavalayoM se veSTita hai, nirAdhAra hai-yaha lokAnuprekSA hai|' 12. bodhidurlabhAnuprekSA-jIva samyakttva-prApti ke bAda apane karmo ko dhIre-dhIre kSINa karatA huA mokSamArga meM agrasara hotA hai| mokSa kI prApti duHsAdhya hai, kyoMki janma-janmAntaroM ke saMcita karma zIghra kSaya nahIM hote haiN| caturgati meM bhramaNa karanevAle jIva ke lie cAra bAtoM kI prApti ati durlabha hai-manuSyatva, zruti, zraddhA evaM saMyama meM puruSArtha / / ataH sAdhaka ina cAra durlabha tattvoM kA sahArA lekara AtmasvarUpa kI prApti yA jJAna-prApti kA puruSArtha karatA hai| AtmajJAna kA cintana karanA hI bodhidurlabhAnuprekSA hai / isa prakAra ina bAraha anuprekSAoM athavA bhAvanAoM ke cintavana se citta samabhAvayukta hotA hai jinase kaSAyoM kA upazamana hotA hai aura samyaktva prakaTa hotA hai| vairAgya meM dRr3hatA AtI hai| saMsAra sambandhI duHkha, sukha, pIr3A, janma-maraNa Adi kA manana-cintana karane se vRtti antarmukhI hotI hai, rAgadveSamohAdi kI bhAvanA kSINa hotI hai aura Atma-zuddhi hotI hai| isI kAraNa inheM vairAgya kI jananI kahA hai aura inakA cintavana mahAbhAgyazAlI muni-yogI karate rahate haiN| 1. jJAnArNava, 21149-170 2. yogazAstra, 4 / 104-6 3. vahI, 4 / 107-9 4. catAri paramaMgANi dullahANIha jntunno| mANusattaM suI saddhA saMjamaMmi ya vIriyaM ||-uttraadhyyn, 311 5. yogazAstra, 4 // 111 .

Page #160
yoga ke sAdhana : AcAra saMlekhanA saMlekhanA zramaNa tathA zrAvaka donoM ke lie samAna rUpa se zarIra aura AtmA ko zuddha karanevAlA antima vrata hai / ise vrata na kahakara vratAnta kahanA hI adhika upayukta hogA, kyoMki isameM samasta vratoM kA anta hotA hai / isameM jaise zarIra kA prazasta - anta abhISTa hai, vaise hI vratoM kA bhI pavitra anta vAMchita hai / yadi marate samaya mana mailA rahA to jIvanabhara kA yama, niyama, svAdhyAya, tapa, pUjA, dAna Adi niSphala hai / ataH mRtyu sannikaTa A jAne para athavA AcAra Adi pAlana meM azaktatA Ane para AhAra Adi kA tyAga karake prANoM kA utsarga karanA hI saMlekhanA hai / saMlekhanA zabda sat aura lekhanA zabdoM ke yoga se banA hai, jisakA kramazaH artha samyak prakAra se aura kRza karanA hai arthAt samyak - prakAra se kaSAya Adi vRtiyoM ko kSINa karanA hI saMlekhanA hai / saMlekhanA ko AtmahatyA nahIM kaha sakate / vAstava meM jo loga krodhAdi kaSAyoM ke vazIbhUta hokara, rAgadveSapUrvaka zvAsa, jala, agni Adi dvArA zarIraghAta karate haiM, vaha AtmaghAta kahalAtA hai, parantu jo sAdhaka viSayAdi se pUrNa nivRtta hokara maraNakAla nikaTa jAnakara prasanna rahate haiM vaha saMlekhanA hai / " ataH isameM Atma- hanana kA bhAva lezamAtra bhI nahIM / saMlekhanA meM to upavAsa se zarIra ko tathA jJAnabhAvanA dvArA kaSAyoM ko kRza kiyA jAtA hai / yadyapi saMlekhanA dhAraNa karane kA 1. na imaM savvesu bhikkhUsu, na imaM sabvesugArisu / - uttarAdhyayana, 5119 2. jaina AcAra, pR0 121 3. upAsakAdhyayana, 897, pR0 323 4. yo hi kaSAyAviSTaH kumbhakajaladhUmaketuviSazastraiH / vyaparopayati prANAn tasya syAtsatyamAtmavadhaH / 5. (ka) maraNaM pi sapuSNANaM jahA meyamaNussuyaM / vippasaNNamaNAghAyaM saMjayANaM vusImao // - uttarAdhyayana, 5 / 18 na sallekhanAM pratipannasya rAgAdayaH santi tato nAtmavadhadoSaH / 129 - puruSArthasiddhyupAya, 178 6. upavAsAdibhiraMge kaSAyadoSe ya bodhibhAvanAyA / kRtasallekhanakarmA prAyAya yateta gaNamadhye // - sarvArthasiddhi, 7 / 22 - - upAsakAdhyayana, 45 / 896

Page #161
1 130 jaina yoga kA AlocanAtmaka adhyayana koI samaya nirdhArita nahIM hai, tathApi ise dhAraNa tabhI kiyA jAtA hai jaba zarIra kI zakti ghaTa jAtI hai, khAnA-pInA chUTa jAtA hai, dUsarA kucha bhI kAma karane kA upAya nahIM rahatA aura svayaM zarIra hI samAdhi-maraNa kA AkAMkSI ho jAtA hai / ataH zarIra kA nirjara athavA patana hote hI premapUrvaka saMlekhanA dhAraNa karanA cAhie / " saMlekhanA ke kAla meM sAdhaka mana meM kisI bhI prakAra kA moha na rakhe, saMsAra saMbandhI AzA-AkAMkSA ke na rahane para hI samAdhi maraNa sArthaka hai | zrAvaka mamatva-rahita hokara samajhe ki janma-maraNa bAhya zarIrAdi kA hotA hai, AtmA kA nahIM / saMlekhanA ke pA~ca aticAra haiM 4 - jIne kI icchA, marane kI icchA, mitroM kA smaraNa, bhoge hue bhogoM kA smaraNa tathA AgAmI bhogoM kI AkAMkSA / inase sAdhaka ko bacanA cAhie / saMlekhanA ko samAdhi-maraNa, paMDitamaraNa, maraNa- samAdhi Adi bhI kahate haiM / parISaha sAdhanA -avasthA meM zramaNa athavA zrAvaka ke samakSa taraha-taraha kI bAdhAe~, kaThinAiyA~ upasthita hotI haiM, jinheM parISaha athavA upasarga kahate haiM / arthAt mArga se cyuta na hone aura karmoM ke kSayArthaM jo sahana karane yogya hoM, ve parISaha haiM / bAIsa parISaha isa prakAra haiM- kSudhA, tRSA, zIta, uSNa, daMzamazaka, nagnatva, arati, strI, caryA, niSadyA, zayyA, 1. pratidivasaM vijahadbalamujjhadbhuktiM tyajatpratIkAram / vapureva nRNAM nigirati caramacaritrodayaM samayam // -upAsakAdhyayana, 451893 2. dehe prItyA mahAsatvaH kuryAtsallekhanAvidhim / - sAgAradharmAmRta, 8112 3. janmamRtyujarAtaMkA : kAyasyaiva na jAtu me / na ca ko'pi bhavatyeSa mametyaM ge'stu nirmamaH // - vahI, 8 13 4. jIvitamaraNAzaMse suhRdanurAgaH sukhAnubandhavidhiH / ete sanidAnA syuH sallekhanahAnaye paJca // - - upAsakAdhyayana, 45 / 903 5. mArgA'cyavananirjarAthaM parisoDhavyAH parISahAH / - - tattvArtha sUtra, 918

Page #162
yoga ke sAdhana : AcAra 131 Akroza, vadha, yAcanA, alAbha, roga, tRNasparza, mala, satkAra-puraskAra, .prajJA, ajJAna aura adarzana / ' sAdhaka ko ina parISahoM para vijaya prApta karanA anivArya hai, kyoMki parISaha-jaya ke binA na cita ko vikalatA haTegI, na mana ekAgra hogA, na samyak dhyAna hogA aura na karmoM kA kSaya hI hogaa| paroSaha yA upasarga prAkRtika aura deva mAnava-tiryaMcakRta tonoM prakAra ke hote haiM / upasargajanya pIr3A ko samabhAvapUrvaka sahana karane meM sAdhaka yaha samajhatA hai ki yaha upasarga karmakSaya meM sahAyaka hai| tapa kA mahattva tapa' dasa dharmAMgoM meM se eka aMga hai| vastutaH yaha yoga ko eka aisI kar3I hai, jisase sAdhaka samasta karmoM ko nirjarA karane meM samartha hotA hai| sabhI bhAratIya dharma-paramparAoM meM jIvana ke naitika tathA samyak unnayana ke lie tapa kI mahatI pratiSThA hai / tapa dvArA hI karma-pAzoM ( ajJAna ) se sAdhaka samyagdarzana, samyagjJAna tathA samyakcAritra ko prApta hotA hai| Atmatattva ko jJAnasvarUpa jAnanA ho samyarajJAna hai tathA isakI anubhUti tapa se hotI hai| ataH tapasyA bhAratIya darzana-paramparA kI hI nahIM, kintu usake sampUrNa itihAsa kI prastAvanA hai / bhAratIya saMskRti meM jo kucha bhI zAzvata hai, jo kucha bho udAtta evaM mahattvapUrNa tattva hai, vaha saba tapasyA se hI sambhUta hai-pratyeka cintanazIla praNAlo cAhe vaha AdhyAtmika ho, cAhe Adhibhautika, sabhI tapasyA kI bhAvanA se anuprANita hai-veda, vedAMga, darzana, purANa, dharmazAstra Adi sabhI vidyA ke kSetra meM jIvana kI sAdhanArUpa tapasyA ke ekaniSTha upAsaka haiM / tapa kI ArAdhanA gahastha evaM sAdhu donoM ke lie Avazyaka hai| lekina gRhastha tapasvI kI bhAMti tapa kI kaThora ArAdhanA nahIM kara 1. (ka) kSutpipAsAzItoSNadaMzamazakanAgnyAratistrIcaryAniSadyAzayyAkrozavadhayAcanA'lAbharogatRNasparzamalasatkArapuraskAraprajJAjJAnAdarzanAni / -vahI, 99 (kha) dekheM, uttarAdhyayana, adhyayana 2 / 2. bauddha darzana tathA anya bhAratIya darzana, bhAga 1, pR0 71-72 / Jairl Education International

Page #163
132 jaina yoga kA AlocanAtmaka adhyayana sakatA, kyoMki vyAvahArika kartavyoM kA sampUrNa uccheda kara denA usake lie saMbhava nahIM hai / tapa kA artha hI hotA hai karmamala yA saMcita karma ko jalAnA yA naSTa karanA tathA aisI sAdhanA ke lie sarvAMzataH tapasvI athavA sAdhaka hI upayukta Thaharate haiM / ataH tapa kA uddezya karmoM ko kSINa karanA athavA naSTa karanA hai tathA Atmatattva kI pahacAna bhI hai| vaidika, bauddha evaM jaina tInoM paramparAoM meM tapa kA vistRta varNana milatA hai / yahA~ saMkSepa meM tapa kA vivecana prastuta hai / vaidika paramparA meM tapa * vaidika vAGmaya meM tapa kA ullekha kaI sthaloM para huA hai / prAcIna RSi paramparA tapa para hI vizeSa jora detI hai / yahI kAraNa hai ki 'tapasyA se hI Rta aura sat ' utpanna hue haiM' tathA 'AtmA ko tapa se tejasvI karane jaise vidhAna milate haiM / yaha ThIka hai ki vaidika dharma meM yajJa kA pracalana vizeSa rUpa se rahA hai, lekina paristhiti ke anusAra vaha jJAna tapa meM parivartita ho gayA / tapa prathamataH dehadamana ke lie Avazyaka mAnA jAtA rahA, parantu jaise-jaise AdhyAtmikatA kI ora pravRtti hone lagI vaise-vaise dehadamana ke sAtha hI sAtha iMdriya damana ke artha meM bhI tapa prayojanIya samajhA jAne lagA / yahI kAraNa hai ki upaniSadkAla meM 'tapa ke dvArA hI brahma prabuddha hotA hai' 4 tathA kahA gayA ki Rta tapa hai, satya tapa hai, zruta tapa hai, zAMti tapa hai aura dAna tapa hai / " tapasvI ke lie tapa ke sAtha zraddhA yukta honA bhI Avazyaka hai / ' zrImadbhagavadgItA meM tapa ke tIna prakAra batalAye gaye haiM- daihika, vAcika, tathA mAnasika / daihika tapa ke antargata pavitratA, saralatA 1. RtaM ca satyaM cAmIddhAttapaso'dhyajAyat / - Rgveda, 101190 / 1 2. ajo bhAgastapasA taM tapasva / -- - vahI, 10 / 16 / 4 3. tapasA brahmavijijJAsasva / tapo brahma eti / - taittirIya AraNyaka, 912 4. tapasA cIyate brahma' 1 - muNDakopaniSad, 11118 DOOA 5. taittirIya AraNyaka ( nArAyaNopaniSad ), 1018 6. tapaH zraddhe ye 'hyu pavasanti / - muNDakopaniSad 1 / 2111 7. bhagavadgItA, 17 / 14-16

Page #164
yoga ke sAdhana : AcAra 133 tathA jJAnIjanoM kI pUjA-sevA karane kI pravRtti kA honA aura vANI viSayaka tapa ke antargata svAdhyAya, akaSAyI tathA subhASI honA Avazyaka hai| tathA mAnasika prasannatA, bhagavad-ciMtana, zAMti, manonigraha, pavitratA ko mAnasika tapa kahA gayA hai / vahIM para Age tapa ke sAtvika, rAjasika tathA tAmasika tIna bheda nirUpita haiM, jo sAdhakoM ke svabhAva ke dyotaka haiN| ahiMsA, satya tathA brahmacarya kA niSkAmabhAva se pAlana karanA sAtvika tapa hai| mAna, pratiSThA yA anya pralobhanavaza tapa karanA rAjasika tapa hai tathA apane ko tathA dUsaroM ko bhI tapa dvArA pIDA pahu~cAnA tAmasika tapa hai| isa taraha gItA meM tapa ke vibhinna aMgoM kA vivecana karate hue sAtvika tapa ko hI zreSTha tathA Atmazuddhi kA zreSTha sAdhana kahA gayA hai| __ yoga-darzana meM tapa kI mahattA meM kahA hai ki tapa se zarIra tathA iMdriyoM kI zuddhi evaM siddhi hotI hai| vaidika yoga meM tapa ke aneka prakAra evaM vidhiyA~ batalAyI gayI haiM / cAMdrAyaNa, kRcchAdi tapa, sUryAgni tathA jala meM khar3e hokara tapa karanA Adi sabhI tapoM kA uddezya eka hI hai ki zarIra kA damana kiyA jAya, parantu zarIra-damana ke sAtha hI sAtha indriyaviSayoM ko jIrNa karAne kA bhI bhAva usameM nihita hai| bauddha-paramparA meM tapa bauddha-paramparA ke anusAra cittazuddhi kA satata prayatna karanA hI tapa kA uddezya hai| brahmacarya, cAra AryasatyoM kA darzana aura nirvANa ke sAkSAtkAra ke sAtha tapa ko bhI uttama maMgala kahA gayA hai, kyoMki AtmA kI akuzala cittavRttiyA~ athavA pApavAsanAe~ tapa se kSINa hotI haiN| yahI kAraNa hai ki bauddha Agamika sAhitya meM tapasyA kA vistRta varNana upalabdha hotA hai|" buddha ne bho prArambha meM zarIradamana ke lie tapa 1. vahI, 17 / 17-19 2. kaayeNdriysiddhirshuddhikssyaattpsH| -yogadarzana, 2143 3. tapo ca brahmacariyaM ca, ariyasaccAna dassanaM / nibANaM sacchikiriyA ca etaM maMgalamuttamaM ||-mhaamNglsutt, 10 4. buddhalIlAsArasaMgraha, pR0 280-81 5. dIghanikAya, 32; majjhimanikAya, 1 / 2 / 2

Page #165
134 jaina yoga kA AlocanAtmaka adhyayana sAdhanA kI thI, parantu jaba unheM usase samAdhAna nahIM huA, taba unhoMne madhyamamArga kA pratipAdana kiyA / ataH buddha kI tapasyA meM zArIrika yaMtraNA kA bhAva nahIM thA, kintu vaha sarvathA sukhasAdhya bhI nahIM thii| jaisA ki DA0 rAdhAkRSNan ne likhA hai, saiddhAntika rUpa meM buddha ne tapa ke binA bhI nirvANa-prApti kI saMbhAvanA ko svIkAra kiyA hai; kintu vyAvahArika rUpa meM ve prAyaH sabake lie tapa kI AvazyakatA mAnate haiN|' bauddha-paramparA meM tapa kA vargIkaraNa isa prakAra nirdiSTa hai-yathA, (1) jo Atmantapa hai parantu parantapa nahIM hai, (2) dUsarA vaha jo parantapa hai parantu Atmantapa nahIM, (3) tIsarA Atmantapa bhI hai aura parantapa bhI hai tathA (4) cauthA vaha jo Atmantapa bhI nahIM aura parantapa bhI nahIM hai| isa taraha bhagavAn buddha ne cauthe prakAra ke tapa kA pratipAdana karate hue madhyamamArga ke anusAra usakA AcaraNa karane ko kahA hai / 2 jaina-paramparA meM tapa . jaina-sAdhanA kA antima lakSya mokSa-prApti hai aura isake lie tapa ko vizeSa sAdhana kahA gayA hai, kyoMki tapa se samasta karmoM kI nirjarA hotI hai| yahI kAraNa hai ki tapa kA vizeSa varNana jaina AgamoM evaM anya graMthoM meM dRSTigocara hotA hai| zrAvaka tathA zramaNa donoM ke lie tapa kA vidhAna hai, kyoMki tapa se zarIra evaM iMdriyoM kA saMyama sadhatA hai| svabhAvata: indriyA~ caMcala hotI haiM tathA vairAgya evaM adhyAtma kI ora unmukha hone ke badale viSayavAsanA kI ora adhika daur3atI haiN| lAlasA, tRSNA, icchA Adi anaMta aura amaryAdita haiN| aura inakI jitanI ho pUrti kI jAtI hai, utanI hI ye ugra banatI jAtI haiN| inake vazIbhUta manuSya kabhI bhI zAMti prApta nahIM kara sktaa| isalie inake niyaMtraNa ke lie sAmarthya ke anusAra jo zArIrika kaSTa uThAyA jAtA hai, vahI tapa hai| dUsare zabdoM meM tapa se 1. Indian Philosophy, Radhakrishnan, Vol. I, p. 436 2. majjhimanikAya, 2 / 5 / 4; 2 / 1 / 1 3. tapasA nirjarA ca |-tttvaarthsuutr, 9 / 3 4. anigRhitavIryasya mArgAvirodhi kaaykleshstpH|-srvaarthsiddhi, 6 / 24

Page #166
yoga ke sAdhana : AcAra 135 AtmA parizuddha hotI hai| ataH tapa vaha vidhi hai, jisase jIva baddha karmo kA kSaya karake vyavadAna-vizuddhi ko prApta hotA hai|' tapa ke bheda-jaina-Agama ke anusAra tapa do prakAra kA hai - (1) bAhya aura (2) Abhyantara / bAhya tapa kA uddezya zArIrika vikAroM ko naSTa karanA tathA indriyoM para jaya prApta karanA hai aura AbhyaMtara tapa ke dvArA kaSAya, pramAda Adi vikAroM ko naSTa kiyA jAtA hai| bAhya tapa AMtarika tapa meM sahAyaka yA pUraka hote haiN| bAhyatapoM se iMdriyaviSayoM kI tRSNA maMda hotI hai aura phira kramazaH jaba Atma-zakti bar3hatI hai to AMtarika zuddhi hotI hai| ina donoM prakAra ke tapoM kA samyak rUpa se pAlana karanevAlA paMDitamuni zIghra hI sarvasaMsAra se mukta ho jAtA hai / zarIra ko kaSTa denA AtmaghAta nahIM hai, kyoMki usake pIche iMdriyoM ke damana kA uddezya nihita hai| zarIra ko kaSTa denA isalie bhI jarUrI hai ki tapAvasthA meM kisI bhI prakAra ke upadrava yA saMkaTa ke A jAne para sAdhaka dehendriyoM para vijaya prApta kara upasthita zArIrika, prAkRtika athavA anyakRta pIr3A athavA kaSTa ko sahana karane meM samartha ho ske| isa saMdarbha meM dhyAtavya hai ki tapa meM mana hamezA pavitra rahe tathA indriyoM kI vikAra-zaktiyoM kA hrAsa ho evaM dainika caryA meM zithilatA na Ane paaye| jaina-paramparA meM ise 'samatvayoga kI sAdhanA' kahA gayA hai aura yahI samatvayoga samaSTi kI dRSTi se athavA AcaraNa ke vyAvahArika kSetra meM ahiMsA kahalAtI hai aura yahI ahiMsA niSedhAtmaka rUpa meM tapa bana jAtA hai| 1. taveNa parisujjhaI / -uttarAdhyayana, 28035 2. taveNa bhante ! jIve ki jaNayai ? taveNaM vodANaM jaNayai / -vahI, 29 / 28 3. so tavo duviho vutto bAhirabbhataro tahA / -vahI, 307 4. eyaM tavaM tu duvihaM, je samma Ayare munnii| se khippaM savvasaMsArA, vippamuccaI paMDie ||-vhii, 30137 5. jinavANI, agasta-sitambara, 1966, varSa 23, aMka 8-9, pR0 99 ___

Page #167
136 jaina yoga kA AlocanAtmaka adhyayana bAhyatapa bAhyatapa chaha prakAra kA hai-(1) anazana, (2) avamodarya, (3) vRttiparisaMkhyAna, (4) rasaparityAga, (5) viviktazayyAsana, tathA (6) kaayklesh|' 1. anazana-viziSTa avadhi taka yA AjIvana saba prakAra ke AhAra kA tyAga karanA anazana hai| anazana kI avadhi eka yA do athavA tIna dinoM kI bhI ho sakatI hai arthAt apanI sAmarthya ke anusAra sAdhaka lambI avadhi taka kA bhI anazana kara sakatA hai| ise upavAsa bhI kahate haiN| 2. avamaudarya yA UnovarI-kisI vizeSa sthAna yA samaya para jitanI bhUkha ho usase kama AhAra grahaNa karanA UnodarI yA avamaudarya tapa hai| 3. vRttiparisaMkhyAna-vividha vastuoM kI lAlasA kama karanA, vastuoM kI saMkhyA kI maryAdA karanA vRttiparisaMkhyAna tapa hai| 4. rasaparityAga-dUdha, ghI, makkhana, madhu Adi gariSTha vikAravardhaka padArtho kA tyAga karanA rasa-parityAga hai| pratidina eka-eka rasa kA parityAga bhI kiyA jAtA hai| svAdendriya-vijaya kA apanA mahattva hai| 5. viviktazayyAsana-apane dhyAna athavA tapa meM bAdhA utpanna hone kI AzaMkA se bAdhArahita ekAnta sthAna meM rahanA athavA tapa karanA pratisaMlInatA tapa hai, kyoMki isakA artha 'gopana rakhanA' hI hai| isake cAra bheda haiM--(1) iMdriya pratisaMlInatA (2) kaSAya pratisaMlInatA (3) yoga pratisaMlInatA tathA (4) viviktazayyAsana / 6. kAyakleza-ThaMDha, garamI, athavA vividha AsanoM dvArA zarIra ko kaSTa pahuMcAnA kAyakleza tapa hai|' 1. (ka) anazanAvamodaryavRttiparisaMkhyAnarasaparityAgaviviktazayyAsanakAyaklezA bAhya tapaH |-tttvaarthsuutr, 9 / 19 (kha) anazanamaunodayaM vRteH saMkSepaNaM tathA / rasatyAgastanuklezo lInateti bahistapaH ||-yogshaastr, 4 / 89 2. ThANAMga, 61511; pravacanasAroddhAra, 270-72 3. tattvArtharAjavArtika, 9 / 19; tattvArthasUtra ( paM0 sukhalAlajI), pRSTha 211

Page #168
yoga ke sAdhana : AcAra 137 ye saba bAhyatapa khAdya evaM svAdya padArthoM kI apekSA se varNita haiN| kyoMki sAdhaka svAbhiprAya ke anusAra unakA sevana karate haiN| bAhyatapa se jahA~ pA~coM iMdriyoM kI viSayavAsanA kSINa hotI hai, vahA~ citta ke AMtarika vikAroM ke parizamana meM bhI madada hotI hai| Abhyantaratara ___ AbhyaMtaratapa se Atma-pariNAmoM meM vizuddhi AtI hai| atizaya karmoM ko naSTa karane meM samartha tapa ko AbhyaMtaratapa kahate haiN|' AbhyaMtara tapa bhI chaha prakAra kA hai-(1) prAyazcita, (2) vinaya, (3) vaiyAvRtya, (4) svAdhyAya, (5) vyutsarga tathA (6) dhyAna / ' 1. prAyazcita-tapa-kisI vrata-niyama ke bhaMga hone para usameM lage doSa kA parihAra karanA athavA guru ke samakSa cittazuddhi ke lie doSoM kI AlocanA karanA aura usake lie prAyazcita svIkAra karanA prAyazcita tapa hai| isa prAyazcita tapa ke bhI nau bheda haiM, jaise-(1) AlocanA, (2) pratikramaNa, (3) tadubhaya, (4) viveka, (5) vyutsarga, (6) tapa, (7) cheda, (8) parihAra aura (9) upasthApanA / 1. atizayena karmanirdahana samartharUpatvamAbhyantara tapaso lakSaNam : -ArhatdarzanadIpikA, 692 2. ( ka ) prAyazcittaM vaiyAvRttyaM svAdhyAyo vinayo'pi ca / vyutsargo'tha zubhaM dhyAnaM SoDhetyAbhyantaraM tapaH // -yogazAstra, 4 / 90 ( kha ) prAyazcittavinayavaiyAvRttyasvAdhyAyavyutsargadhyAnAnyuttaram / -tattvArthasUtra, 9 / 20 3. ( ka ) pramAdadoSa parihAraH prAyazcittam / -sarvArthasiddhi, pR0 478 (kha) bAhulyena cittazuddhi hetutvAt yat prAyazcittaM / -tatvArthasUtra, ( haribhadra), pR0 478 ( ga ) yogazAstra, svopajJavRtti, pR0 860 4. AlocanapratikramaNatadubhayavivekavyutsargatapazchedaparihAropasthApanAni / -tattvArthasUtra, 9 / 22

Page #169
138 jaina yoga kA AlocanAtmaka adhyayana (ka) AlocanA-vrata kI maryAdA kA ullaMghana hone para, guru ke pAsa jAkara, doSa svIkAra karanA tathA usake badale nayA vrata grahaNa krnaa| (kha ) pratikramaNa-ho cukI bhUla kA anutApa karake usase nivRtta honA aura nayI bhUla na ho usake lie sAvadhAna rahanA / (ga ) tadubhaya-ukta Alocana aura pratikramaNa donoM sAtha-sAtha krnaa| (gha) viveka-khAne-pIne Adi kI yadi akalpanIya vastu A jAya aura bAda meM patA cale to usakA tyAga karanA yA vastu kI zuddhatAazuddhatA kA vicAra krnaa| (ca) vyutsarga-ekAgratApUrvaka zarIra aura vacana ke vyApAroM ko chodd'naa| . (cha ) tapa-anazanAdi bAhya tapa krnaa| (ja) cheda-doSa ke anusAra divasa, pakSa, mAsa yA varSa kI pravrajyA (dIkSA) kama krnaa| (jha) parihAra-doSapAtra vyakti se doSa ke anusAra pakSa, mAsa Adi paryanta kisI prakAra kA saMsarga na rakhakara use dUra se prihrnaa| (Ta) upasthApana-ahiMsAdi vratoM kA bhaMga ho jAne para zurU se una mahAvratoM kA AropaNa karanA / ' 2. vinaya-tapa-apane se variSTha guru athavA AcAryo kA Adara karanA tathA unakI AjJA kA pAlana karanA vinaya tapa hai| isake bhI cAra bheda haiM-(ka) jJAna, (kha) darzana, (ga) cAritra aura (gha) upacAra / ' nimna graMthoM meM prAyazcitta ke dasa bhedoM kA varNana hai-uttarAdhyayana, 30 / 31; sthAnAMga, 733; bhagavatIsUtra, 257 / 801; jItakalpa meM isa prakAra kahA gayA hai: taM dasavihamAloyaNa-vaDikamaNo-bhaya-vivega-vossaggA / tava-cheda-mUla-aNavaThyA ya pAraMciyaM ceva ||-jiitklp, 4 1. tattvArthasUtra ( paM0 sukhalAlajI), pRSTha 220 2. pUjyeSvAdaro vinayaH |-srvaarthsiddhi, pR0 439 3. jnyaandrshncaaritropcaaraaH|-tttvaarthsuutr, 9 / 23

Page #170
yoga ke sAdhana : AcAra 139 ( ka ) jJAna - jJAna prApta karanA, usakA abhyAsa jArI rakhanA aura bhUlanA nahIM / haribhadra ne mati, zruta, avadhi, manaHparyaya tathA kevalajJAna ko jJAna vinaya kahA hai | " (kha) darzana - tattva kI yathArtha pratItisvarUpa samyagdarzana se vicalita na honA, usake prati utpanna honevAlI zaMkAoM kA nivAraNa karake niHzaMkabhAva kI sAdhanA karanA / (ga) cAritra - sAmAjika Adi cAritroM meM citta kA samAdhAna rakhanA / (gha) upacAra - apane se sadgraMthoM meM zreSTha AcAryo ke samakSa uThane, baiThane, bolane, namaskAra karane Adi kriyAoM meM Adara evaM namratApUrvaka vartana karanA, vandana karanA Adi | 3. vaiyAvRttya tapa - zarIra se athavA yogya sAdhanoM ko juTAkara upAsanA - bhAva se guru, muni, vRddha va rogI sAdhaka Adi kI sevAzuzruSA karanA vaiyAvRttya tapa hai / isa tapa ke bhI dasa bheda haiM- (ka) AcArya, (kha) upAdhyAya, (ga) tapasvI, (gha) zaikSya, (ca) glAna, (cha) gaNa, (ja) kula, (jha) saMgha, (Ta) sAdhu aura (Tha) manojJa / 4 (ka) AcArya - vrata aura AcAra grahaNa karAnevAlA tathA caturvidha saMgha ko anuzAsita karanevAlA / (kha) upAdhyAya - zrutAbhyAsa karAnevAlA / (ga) tapasvI - mahAn evaM ugra tapa karanevAlA / (gha) zaikSya - navadIkSita hokara zruta kA adhyayana karanevAlA zikSArthI / 1. (ka) zrItattvArtha sUtram (bhidra ), pR0 482-83 (kha) sthAnAMgasUtra meM isake sAta bheda haiM- ( 1 ) jJAna, (2) darzana, (3) cAritra, (4) manovinaya, (5) vacanavinaya, (6) kAryAvinaya tathA (7) lokopacAra vinaya / - sthAnAMgasUtra, 585 2. sarvArthasiddhi, pR0 442; tattvArtha sUtra ( paM0 sukhalAlajI), pRSTha 220 3. kAyaceSTayA dravyAntareNa copAsane vaiyAvRttyam / - sarvArthasiddhi, pR0 439. 4. AcAryopAdhyAyatapasvizaikSaka glAnagaNa kulasaMghasAdhusamanojJAnAm / - tattvArtha sUtra, 9 / 24

Page #171
140 jaina yoga kA AlocanAtmaka adhyayana (ca) glAna - roga Adi se kSINa sAdhaka / (cha) gaNa - bhinna-bhinna AcAryo ke sahAdhyAyI ziSyoM kA samudAya yA saMgha | (ja) kula - eka hI dIkSAcArya kA ziSya parivAra / (jha) saMgha - dharmaM kA anuyAyI samudAya saMgha hai, jo sAdhu aura sAdhvI, zrAvaka aura zrAvikA ke rUpa meM caturvidha hai / (Ta) sAdhu- saMyama kA pAlana karanevAlA pravrajita muni / (Tha) samanojJa - jJAna Adi guNoM meM samAna yA samAnazIla / " 4. svAdhyAya - tapa - jJAna - prApti ke lie Alasa tajakara adhyayana karanA svAdhyAya tapa hai / " jJAna prApta karane, use sandeharahita, vizada aura paripakva banAne evaM usakA pracAra karane kA prayatna bhI svAdhyAya hai / ataH abhyAsa- zailI ke kramAnusAra yaha tapa bhI pAMca prakAra kA hai - (ka) vAcanA, (kha) pracchanA, (ga) anuprekSA, (gha) AmnAya tathA (ca) dharmopadeza | (ka) vAcanA - zabda yA artha kA pahalA pATha lenA / (kha) pracchanA - jinAgamoM ke bAre meM saMzaya nivAraNArthaM, athavA vizeSa nirNaya ke lie pUchanA | (ga) anuprekSA -- Atma-svarUpa kA, zabda aura artha kA ciMtana manana karanA / (gha) AmnAya - sIkhI gayI vastu kA, zAstra kA zuddhipUrvaka bAra bAra uccAraNa karanA / (ca) dharmopadeza - anapar3ha athavA alpajJAnI logoM ke kalyANa ke lie upadeza dvArA dhArmika vAtAvaraNa nirmANa karanA, dharma kI prabhAvanA karanA / 5. vyutsarga- ahaMkAra, mamakAra Adi sabhI upadhiyoM kA tyAga 1. sarvArthasiddhi, pR0 442; vividha artha ke lie dekheM haribhadra kA - zrItattvArtha sUtram, sabhASyatattvArthAdhigamasUtram / 2. jJAnabhAvanA''lasyatyAgaH svAdhyAyaH / - sarvArthasiddhi, pR0 439 3. vAcanApracchanAnuprekSAmnAyadharmopadezAH / -- tattvArtha sUtra, 9 / 25

Page #172
yoga ke sAdhana : AcAra 141 karanA vyutsagaM tapa hai / isake bhI do bheda haiM- (ka) bAhya aura (kha) AbhyaMtara / dhana, dhAnya, makAna Adi bAhya vastuoM kI mamatA kA tyAga karanA bAhyopadhi vyutsarga hai / zarIra kI mamatA kA tyAga karanA evaM kASAyika vikAroM kI tanmayatA kA tyAga karanA AbhyaMta ropadhi vyutsarga hai / 6. dhyAna - citta kI caMcala vRttiyoM kA parityAga karake eka viSaya meM anta:karaNa kI vRtti ko sthApita karanA dhyAna- tapa hai / isa tapa ke bahuta-se bheda-prabheda haiM, jinake saMbaMdha meM Age vicAra kiyA jAyegA / isa saMdarbha meM jJAtavya hai ki tapa ke bhI bahuta bheda-prabheda haiM, jinakA ullekha karanA yahA~ abhISTa nahIM hai / " isa taraha vaidika, bauddha evaM jaina tInoM hI paramparAoM meM tapa kA 1. AtmA''tmIya saMkalpatyAgo vyutsargaH / - sarvArthasiddhi, pR0 439 2. bAhyAbhyantaropadhyoH / - tattvArthasUtra, 9 / 26 3. cittavikSepatyAgo dhyAnam / sarvArthasiddhi, pR0 439 4. yogabiMdu meM haribhadra ne cAra prakAra ke tapa kA ullekha kiyA hai-- ( ka ) cAMdrAyaNa, kRcchra, mRtyughna aura pApasUdana / - yogabiMdu, 131 ( kha ) taporatnamahodadhi meM to tapa ke bahuta prakAra ginAye haiM jo ki dekhane yogya haiM / ( ga ) sthAnAMgasUtra meM - ( 1 ) ugratapa, ( 2 ) ghoratapa, ( 3 ) rasaparityAga tathA ( 4 ) jitendriya prati saMlInatA, isa taraha cAra tapa kahe gaye haiM / - sthAnAMga, 308 (gha) bhagavatIsUtra za0 25, udde0 7, ( ca ) prakIrNaka tapa ke aneka bheda haiM, yathA - candrapratibha tapa ke do bheda haiM- yavamadhya aura vajramadhya / AvalI ke tIna bheda haiM- kanakAvalI, ratnAvalI aura muktAvalI / siMha-vikrIDita ke do bheda haiMlaghu aura mahAna / pratimA ke cAra bheda haiM- bhadrottara, AcAmla, vardhamAna aura sarvatobhadra / bhikSu pratimA ke bAraha bheda haiM- mAsika se lekara saptamAsikI taka sAta bheda, saptarAtrikI ke tIna bheda, ahorAtrakI aura eka rAtrikI / ( dekhie - sabhASya svArthAdhigamasUtram, pR0 391 )

Page #173
"142 jaina yoga kA AlocanAtmaka adhyayana vidhAna hai| tapa kA uddezya kAyakleza athavA dehadamana nahIM hai, balki iMdriya-vRttiyoM kA saMyama tathA mana kI zuddhi karanA hai| vaidika yoga meM barpha meM baiThane, nadiyoM meM ghaMToM khar3e rahane, eka paira para khar3e rahane, paMcAgni meM tapanA, mahInoM kevala pAnI pIkara upavAsa karanA, dhUpa meM tapa karanA Adi bahuta prakAra ke tapa ginAye gaye haiM, jinakI gaNanA tAmasika tathA rAjasika tapoM meM kI gayI hai| yoga meM aise tapoM ko nindya batAyA gayA hai, kyoMki isase zarIra evaM indriyA~ aneka rogoM kI zikAra bana jAtI haiM / bauddha yoga meM bhI isa prakAra ke tapa amAnya haiN| jaina yoga meM bhI bAhya aura AbhyaMtara tapoM kA vidhAna hai, jinakA vivecana Upara kara cuke haiN| isa prakAra sabhI yoga-paramparAoM meM tapa dvArA zarIra, indriyoM ke viSaya, prANa, mana ko ucita rIti se niyaMtrita karane kI bAta kahI gayI hai| Atma-vikAsa evaM zuddhikAraka tapa se saMcita karmo kA nAza, viSayavRttiyoM kA kramazaH zamana tathA aneka prakAra ke duHkha-sukha, garmI-ThaNDa, bhUkha-pyAsa, mAna-apamAna Adi vRttiyoM para niyaMtraNa prApta hotA hai aura yogasAdhanA meM madada hotI hai| aise tapa se aneka prakAra kI siddhiyA~ prApta hotI haiM, aisA bhI kahA gayA hai| Asana yaugika kriyAoM kI niSpannatA athavA citta-sthiratA ke lie AsanoM kA mahattva hai, kyoMki Asana meM zarIra tathA mana anya ceSTAoM se rahita hokara kisI eka dazA meM kedrita ho jAte haiN| yahI kAraNa hai ki AsanoM ke dvArA saMkalpa-zakti ko vikasita karake vAMchita pariNAma prApta kiye jAte haiN| ataH Asana mana tathA zarIra donoM ko kAbU meM karake AtmA ko zaktizAlI banAne kA sAdhana hai aura yahI mana evaM zarIra para adhikAra prApta karanA yoga kA AdhAra hai / ' upaniSadoM meM AsanoM kA varNana milatA hai| bhagavadgItA meM varNana 1. yogamanovijJAna, pR0 190 2. (ka) tasmA AsanamAhRtya / -bRhadAraNyakopaniSad, 6 / 2 / 4; (kha) teSAM tvayA sane''na prazvasitavyam / -taittirIyopaniSad, 111113

Page #174
yoga ke sAdhana : AcAra 143 hai ki Asana ke dvArA mana sthira hotA hai / ' bhAgavatapurANa meM bhI sthAnasthAna para Asana kA varNana hai / 2 pAtaMjala-yoga ke anusAra sukhapUrvaka adhikatama samaya taka sthira hokara baiThanA hI dhyAna hai| yaha bhI kahA gayA hai ki jo Asana sthira tathA sukhada ho, vahI karanA caahie| aise AsanoM meM padmAsana, vIrAsana, bhadrAsana, svastikAsana, daNDAsana, sopAzraya, paryaMkAsana Adi AsanoM kA varNana hai| haThayoga ke anusAra AsanoM kA mukhya kArya zarIra ko svastha banAnA, Alasya dUra karanA, tathA zarIra ke bhArIpana ko dUra karanA bhI hai| Asana ke sAtha hI sAtha haThayoga meM vibhinna mudrAoM kA bhI nirUpaNa huA hai, jo Asana ke aMgIbhUta sAdhana haiN| bauddhayoga-sAdhanA meM bhI AsanoM kA mahattva hai tathA paryaMkAsana ko sabase uttama mAnA gayA hai| isa Asana ke viSaya meM batAyA gayA hai ki bAyIM jAMgha para dAhinA paira rakhanA cAhie tathA dAhinI jAMgha para bAyA~ paira rakhanA caahie| aisA hI lakSaNa padmAsana kA hai| isameM buddhAsana, siddhAsana, vajrAsana kA bhI varNana hai / 6 jaina-paramparA meM yadyapi citta kI sthiratA ke lie amuka Asana kA hI prayoga karanA cAhie-aisA koI niyama nahIM hai, parantu jisa Asana dvArA mana sthira hotA hai usI Asana kA upayoga dhyAna-sAdhanA ke lie upayukta mAnA gayA hai| isa taraha jina-jina AsanoM ke dvArA dIrghakAla 1. sthiramAsanamAtmanaH / -bhagavadgItA, 6 / 11, 6 / 12; 11142 2. zrImadbhAgavatapurANa, 2 / 1 / 16; 3 / 2818; 4 / 8 / 44 3. sthira sukhamAsanam / -yogadarzana, 2046 4. yogadarzana vyAsabhASya, pR0 480 5. gheraNDasaMhitA, 2 / 3-6 6. (ka) Tibetan Yoga and Secret Doctrines, p. 184-85 (kha) bauddhadarzana, pR0 23 7. jAyate yena yeneha vihitena sthiraM manaH / tattadeva vidhAtavyamAsanaM dhyAna sAdhanam // -yogazAstra, 4 / 134

Page #175
jaina yoga kA AlocanAtmaka adhyayana taka dhyAna athavA tapa sahajatayA karanA saMbhava hai, una-una AsanoM kA vistRta nirdeza bhI hai| AcArya hemacandra ne paryakAsana, vIrAsana, vajrAsana, bhadrAsana, daNDAsana, utkaTikAsana, gaudohikAsana tathA kAryotsargAsana kA ullekha kiyA 1. (1) paryakAsana-donoM jaMghAoM ke nicale bhAga ko pairoM ke Upara rakhane para tathA dAhinA aura bAyAM hAtha nAbhi ke pAsa Upara dakSiNa-uttara meM rakhanA 'payaMkAsana' hai| (2) vIrAsana-bAyAM paira dAhinI jAMgha para aura dAhinA paira bAyIM jAMgha para rakhanA vIrAsana hai| isakI dUsarI vidhi isa taraha hai-eka paira ko pRthvI para rakhanA aura dUsarA paira ghuTane ko mor3akara usake Upara rakhate hue sthita rhnaa| (3) vajrAsana-vIrAsana ke pazcAt vajra kI AkRti kI taraha donoM hAthoM ko pIche rakhakara kramazaH bAyeM, dAhine paira ke aMgUThe pakar3ane para jo AkRti banatI hai vaha vajrAsana hai| (4) padmAsana-eka jAMgha ke sAtha dUsarI jAMgha ko madhya bhAga meM milAkara rakhanA padmAsana hai| arthAt vajrAsana kI vidhi meM sthita hokara hRdaya ke cAra aMgula ke bIca meM dAr3hI ke agrabhAga ko rakhanA aura nAsikA ke agrabhAga kA nirIkSaNa karate hue sthita rahanA padmAsana hai| (5) bhadrAsana-donoM pairoM ke talabhAga vRSaNa-pradeza meM-aNDakoSoM kI jagaha ekatra karake, unake Upara donoM hAthoM kI aMguliyAM eka dUsarI aMgulI meM DAlakara rakhanA bhadrAsana hai / (6) daNDAsana-jamIna para baiThakara isa prakAra paira phailAnA ki aMguliyAM, gulpha aura jAMghe jamIna ke sAtha lagI raheM / ise daNDAsana kahA gayA hai / (7) utkaTika aura gaudohAsana-jamIna se lagI huI er3iyoM ke sAtha jaba donoM nitamba milate haiM, taba utkaTika Asana hotA hai aura jaba er3iyAM jamIna se lagI huI nahIM hotIM, taba vaha gaudohAsana kahalAtA hai| (8) kAyotsargAsana-donoM bhujAoM ko nIce laTakAkara sthita honA athavA baiThakara yA zArIrika kamajorI kI avasthA meM leTakara sabhI prakAra kA vyAmoha chor3akara sthira honA kAyotsargAsana hai| isakI vizeSatA yaha hai ki isa Asana meM kisI prakAra kI kAyika yA mAnasika kriyA nahIM hotI /

Page #176
yoga ke sAdhana : AcAra 145 hai|' sAtha hI AmrakubjAsana, krauMcAsana, haMsAsana, azvAsana, gajAsana, Adi AsanoM kA bhI ullekha hai, parantu daNDAsana kA nAmollekha taka nahIM hai / jJAnArNava' tathA upAsakAdhyayana meM varNita sukhAsana kA jo sAmAnya rUpa hai vaha yogazAstra tathA amitagatizrAvakAcAra' meM varNita paryaMkAsana se milatA-julatA hai| sukhAsana gRhastha tathA sAdhu donoM ke lie hai| prathamataH padmAsana lagAkara baiThanA, tatpazcAt bAyIM hathelI ke Upara dAyIM hathelI rakhanA / aisI avasthA meM dRSTi sama ho, zarIra tanA huA tathA sarala ho| khaDgAsana meM donoM pairoM ke bIca cAra aMgula kA antara honA caahie| sira, gardana sthira ho, er3I, ghuTane, bhrakuTi, hAtha aura A~kheM samAna rUpa se nizcala hoN| sAdhaka na to khA~se tathA na khujalI khujaaye| yahAM taka ki use oMTha kA calAnA, zarIra kA kaMpAnA, bolanA, muskarAnA, dUra taka dekhanA, kaTAkSa karanA, palaka kA hilAnA varjita hai| sAdhaka apanI dRSTi nAsAgrabhAga para sthira rkhe| yaha bhI ullikhita hai ki yaha dhyAna-vidhi hRdaya meM caMcalatA, tiraskAra, moha aura durbhAvanA ke na hone para tathA tattvajJAna ke hone para hI sulabha hotI hai| prANAyAma yogasAdhanA meM prANAyAma nitAnta Avazyaka hai aura isake lie Asana kA siddha honA bhI apekSita hai, kyoMki prANa kA niyantraNa mana ke niyaMtraNa ke lie tathA mana kA niyantraNa AdhyAtmika vikAsa ke lie Avazyaka hai| Asana-siddhi ke bAda mana kI caMcalatA dUra ho jAtI hai aura zvAsa-prazvAsa kI svAbhAvika gati kA niyaMtraNa kara mana kI 1. (ka) payaMka-vIra-vajrAbja-bhadra-daNDAsanAni ca / utkaTikA-godohikA kAyotsargastathAsanam // -yogazAstra, 4/124 (kha) sthAnAMga, 396-490; vRhatkalpasUtra, pR0 1570 2. yogazAstra, svopajJaTIkA, 4/124 3. jJAnArNava, 26 / 11 4. upAsakAdhyayana, 391733-37 5. amitagatizrAvakAcAra, 8146 10

Page #177
146 jaina yoga kA AlocanAtmaka adhyayana vRttiyoM ko pUrNataH kendrita karane meM sAdhaka saphala hotA hai / zvAsa-prazvAsa ko svAbhAvika gati ke abhAva ko hI prANAyAma kahate haiM aura isakI gati ke vyuccheda ke sAtha-sAtha citta kI gati kA bhI vyuccheda honA yathArtha prANAyAma hai|' aitareyopaniSad meM prANa ( zvAsa ) evaM apAna ( prazvAsa ) kA varNana milatA hai| upaniSadoM meM to isa zabda ke vibhinna saMdarbho para prakAza DAlA gayA hai| gItA ke anusAra prANa kA niyaMtraNa hI prANAyAma hai / arthAt prANa. vAyu ko apAna meM athavA apAnavAyu ko prANavAyu meM le jAnA aura ina donoM kI gati ko avaruddha karanA hI prANAyAma hai| inhIM zabdoM kA prakArAntara se samarthana karatA huA pAtaMjala yoga-darzana bhI 'Asana sthira hone para zvAsa-prazvAsa kI gati rokane' ko prANAyAma kahatA hai| isake cAra bheda bhI nirdezita haiM-(1) bAhyavRttika, (2) AbhyaMtaravRttika, (3) stambhavRttika, tathA (4) bAhyAMtara viSayAkSepi / batAyA gayA hai ki inhIM se citta-saMskAroM ko sthira banAkara avidyA Adi klezoM ko naSTa karake vivekakhyAti kI prApti hotI hai| zivasaMhitA meM zvAsocchvAsa kI mAtrA para AdhRta prANAyAma ke pUraka, kumbhaka aura recaka ina tIna prakAroM kA varNana prApta hotA hai / 1. yogamanovijJAna, pR0 191 2. aitareyopaniSad, 3 3. amRtanAdopaniSad, 6.14; trizikhibrAhmaNopaniSad, 94-129; yogakuNDalyupaniSad, 19-39; yogacUr3AmaNi, 95-121, yogazikhopaniSad, 86-100 aadi| 4. apAne juhvati prANa prANe'pAnaM tathApare / prANApAnagatI ruddhvA prANAyAmaparAyaNAH // -bhagavadgItA, 4 / 29 5. tasminsati zvAsaprazvAsayorgativicchedaH prANAyAmaH / -yogadarzana, 2049 6. vahI, 2150-51 7. tataH kSIyate prakAzA''varaNam / --vahI, 2152 8. zivasaMhitA, 3 / 22-23

Page #178
147 yoga ke sAdhana : AcAra gheraNDasaMhitA' meM kumbhaka prANAyAma ke ATha bheda ullikhita haiM; yathA-(1) sahita, (2) sUryabhedI, (3) ujjAyI, (4) zItalI, (5) bhastrikA, (6) bhrAmarI, (7) mUrchA tathA (8) kevlii| 'siddhasiddhAnta paddhati' ke anusAra prANa kI sthiratA prANAyAma hai aura isake recaka, pUraka, kumbhaka aura saMghaTTIkaraNa ye cAra prakAra haiM / 2 inase pApa evaM duHkha kA nAza hotA hai, teja evaM sauMdarya bar3hatA hai, divyadRSTi, zravaNazakti, kAmAcArazakti, vAzakti Adi zaktiyAM prApta hotI haiN| isa prakAra prANAyAma se aneka siddhiyoM kI prApti hotI hai|| bauddha-darzana meM prANAyAma ko AnApAnasmRti karmasthAna kahA gayA hai| Ana kA artha hai sAMsa lenA aura apAna kA artha hai sAMsa chor3anA / inheM AzvAsa-prazvAsa bhI kahate haiM / " karmasthAna 40 haiM aura inhIM karmasthAnoM kI bhAvanA kara sabhI buddha, pratyekabuddha tathA buddha zrAvakoM ne vizeSa phala prApta kiyA thaa| ___ jaina-paramparA meM prANAyAma ke saMbaMdha meM do mata milate haiN| eka mata ke anusAra, prANa kA nirodha karane se zarIra meM vyAkulatA utpanna hotI hai aura mana bhI vicalita ho jAtA hai, jisase mana svastha tathA sthira nahIM raha paataa| pUraka, kumbhaka aura recaka (prANAyAma ) karane meM parizrama karanA par3atA hai, jisase mana meM saMkleza paidA hotA hai| dUsare mata ke 1. sahitaH sUryabhedazva ujjAyI zItalI tthaa| __ bhastrikA nAmarI mULa kevalI cASTha kumbhakaH / / -gheraNDasaMhitA, 5 / 46 2. siddhasiddhAntapaddhati, 2035 3. zivasaMhitA, 3 / 29, 30, 54 4. Tibetan Yoga and Secret Doctrines. pp. 187-89 5. bauddhadharmadarzana, pR0 81 6. majjhimanikAya, 2 / 2 / 2; 31218 7. visuddhimaggo, pR0 269 8. tannApnoti manaHsvAsthyaM prANAyAmaH kathitam / prANasyAyamane pIDA tasyAM syAccitta-viplavaH / / pUraNe kumbhane caiva recane ca parizramaH / citta-saMkleza-karaNAnmukteH pratyUha-kAraNam ||-yogshaastr, 6 / 4-5

Page #179
148 jaina yoga kA mAlocanAtmaka adhyayana anusAra, prANAyAma kI prakriyA se zarIra ko kucha dera ke lie sAdhA jA sakatA hai, roga kA nivAraNa kiyA jA sakatA hai, parantu sAdhya ko siddha nahIM kiyA jA sktaa|' ina matoM ke AdhAra para yaha kahA jA sakatA hai ki prANAyAma kisI na kisI prakAra sAdhanA ke eka sAdhana ke rUpa meM apekSita hai| vAyu kA nAma hai prANa tathA isa prANa ko phailAne athavA vistAra karane ko AyAma kahate haiN| isa taraha donoM prakAra ke zvAsoM ko bAhara nikAlane athavA bhItara lene kI kriyA ko hI prANAyAma kahA gayA hai| arthAt mukha tathA nAsikA se saMcarita honevAle vAyu ko prANa kahate haiM tathA isakA nirodha karanA hI prANAyAma hai| isake tIna prakAra haiM-(1) pUraka, (2) recaka aura (3) kumbhaka / 2 cAra prakAra ke prANAyAma kA bhI ullekha milatA hai-(1) pratyAhAra, (2) zAnta, (3) uttara evaM (4) adhara / bAhara ke vAyu ko zarIra ke bhItara lekara use apAna ( gudA ) taka bhara lenA pUraka hai| nAbhi se atyanta prayatnapUrvaka vAyu ko bAhara nikAlanA arthAt bhItara kI vAyu ko bAhara pheMkanA hI recaka hai| pUraka se upalabdha vAyu ko nAbhisthala meM rokanA tathA sthira karanA kumbhaka hai|" 1. yogazAstra : eka parizIlana, pR0 41 2. (ka) tridhA lakSaNabhedena saMsmRtaH pUrvasUribhiH / / pUrakaH kumbhakazcaiva recakastadanantaram / / -jJAnArNava, 26 / 43 (kha) recakaH syAdbahirvRttirantarvRttizcapUrakaH / kumbhakaH staMbhavRttizca prANAyAmastrighetthayam // -dvAtriMzikA, 22 / 17 3. pratyAhArastathA zAnta uttarazcAdharastathA / ebhirbhedazcatubhistu saptadhA kIrtyate paraiH // -yogazAstra, 5.5 4. samAkRSya yadA prANadhAraNaM sa tu pUrakaH / nAbhimadhye sthirIkRtya rodhanaM sa tu kumbhakaH // yatkoSThAdatiyatnema nAsAbrahmapurAtanaiH / vahiH prakSepaNaM vAyoH sa recaka iti smRtaH // -jJAnArNava meM uddhRta, 26:49 (1-2)

Page #180
yoga ke sAdhana : AcAra 149 isa prakAra vAyu ko bAhara nikAlanA, bhItara grahaNa karanA athavA vAyu para niyantraNa rakhanA Adi kriyAe~ mana kI caJcalatA ko rokatI haiM, kyoMki mana tathA vAyu kA ghaniSTha sambandha hai| isIlie yoga meM pahale vAyu ko niyantrita karane kA vidhAna hai| yogazAstra meM vAyu ke pAMca prakAra varNita haiM-(1) prANa, (2) apAna, (3) samAna, (4) udAna tathA (5) vyAna / ' nAsikA dvArA zvAsa-prazvAsa ke rUpa meM saMcarita honevAlA vAyu prANa hai| prANavAyu kA sthAna nAsikA ke agrabhAga, hRdaya, nAbhi aura paira ke aMgaThe taka kA hai aura yaha hare varNa kA hai| zarIra ke malamUtrAdi ko bAhara pheMkane meM sahayoga denevAle athavA gudA evaM liMga se bAhara nikalanevAle vAyu ko apAna kahate haiN| isakA sthAna gardana ke pIche kI nAr3I, pITha, gudA aura er3I hai tathA isakA varNa kAlA hai / samAnavAyu bhojanarasa ko zarIra ke vibhinna vibhAgoM meM paha~cAtA hai| isakA sthAna hRdaya, nAbhi tathA zarIra ke sabhI sandhisthala haiM tathA isakA varNa zveta hai| usI rasa ko zarIra ke UparI bhAgoM meM le jAnevAle vAyu ko udAna kahate haiN| isakA sthAna hRdaya, kaNTha, tAlu, bhRkuTi kA madhya bhAga tathA mastaka hai aura isakA varNa lAla hai| sampUrNa zarIra meM vyApta vAyu ko vyAna kahate haiN| isakA sthAna sampUrNa tvacA batAyA gayA hai aura isakA varNa indradhanuSI hai| yahA~ yaha bhI dhyAtavya hai ki ina vAyuoM ko recaka, pUraka evaM kumbhaka prANAyAma dvArA jItanA athavA niyantrita karanA caahie| nAbhi meM se vAyu ko khIMcakara hRdaya meM le jAnA tathA hRdaya meM se vAyu ko nAbhi meM sthira karanA pratyAhAra prANAyAma hai arthAt eka sthAna se dUsare sthAna meM le jAnA hI pratyAhAra prANAyAma hai| nAsikA evaM mukha dvArA vAyu ko niyantrita karanA zAnta nAmaka prANAyAma hai| vAya ko bAhara se zarIra ke bhItara le jAkara hRdaya meM sthApita karanA uttara / 1. prANamapAnasamAnAvudAnaM vyAnameva ca / prANAyAmairjayet sthAna-varNa-kriyArtha-bIjavat / -yogazAstra, 5 / 13; 5/14-2.

Page #181
150 jaina yoga kA AlocanAtmaka adhyayana prANAyAma hai tathA vAyu ko hRdaya se nIce kI ora (nAbhi meM ) le jAnA adhara prANAyAma hai| __ jJAnArNava meM eka aura 'paramezvara' nAmaka prANAyAma kA bhI ullekha milatA hai arthAt jo vAyu nAbhiskandha se nikalakara hRdaya meM AtA hai aura vahA~ se calakara brahmarandhra athavA tAlurandhra meM sthita ho jAtA hai, use paramezvara prANAyAma kahate haiN| ____ isa sandarbha meM vAyu ke anya cAra prakAra varNita haiM, jo ki nAsikA vivara ke kramazaH cAra maNDaloM se sambandha rakhate haiN| jaise-(1) purandarayaha vAyu pIlA, uSNa tathA svaccha hai aura ATha aMgula nAsikA se bAhara taka rahatA hai| isa vAyu kA sambandha pArthiva maNDala se hai jo pRthvI ke bIja se paripUrNa tathA vanacihna se yukta hai| (2) varuNa-yaha zveta tathA zItala hai aura nIce kI ora bAraha aMgula taka zIghratA se bahatA hai| yaha vAruNa-maNDala ke antargata akSara 'va' ke cihna se yukta, aSTamI ke candramA ke AkAra kA hotA hai / (3) pavana-vaha vAyu kAlA tathA uSNazIta hotA hai aura chaha aMgula pramANa bahatA rahatA hai / yaha bAyavya-maNDala ke antargata golAkAra, madhyabindu ke cihna se vyApta, pavanabIja 'ya' akSara se ghirA huA, caJcala hotA hai| tathA (4) dahana--yaha vAyu lAla tathA uSNasparza aura bavaNDara kI taraha cAra aMgula U~cA bahanevAlA hai| yaha Agneya-maNDala ke antargata trikoNa, svastika-cihna se yukta tathA agnibIja repha '' cihna se yukta hotA hai| ukta cAroM prakAra ke vAyu bAyIM tathA dAhinI nAr3I se hokara zarIra meM praveza karate haiN| isa prakAra inakA praveza zubha phaladAyaka samajhA 1. sthAnAtsthAnAntarotkarSaH pratyAhAraH prakIrtitaH / tAlunAsAnanadvArainirodhaH zAnta ucyate // ApIyodhvaM yadutkRSya hRdayAdiSu dhAraNam / uttaraH sa samAkhyAto'viparItastato'dharaH ||-yogshaastr, 5 / 8-9 2. nAbhikandAdviniSkrAntaM hRtpadmodaramadhyagam / dvAdazAnte tu vizrAntaM taM jJeyaM paramezvaram ||-jnyaanaarnnv, 26 / 47 3. yogazAstra, 5 / 48-51 4. vahI, 5 / 42

Page #182
yoga ke sAdhana : AcAra 151 / jAtA hai aura jaba ukta vAyu donoM nAr3iyoM se nikala rahe hote haiM to azubha phaladAyaka / ' bAyIM tarapha kI nAr3I ko iDA yA candra kahate haiM aura dAhinI tarapha kI nAr3I ko piMgalA yA sUrya kahate haiM tathA ina donoM ke bIca kI nAr3I suSupnA hai jise mokSasthAna bhI kahate haiM / ___ ataH niSkarSa rUpa meM kahA jA sakatA hai ki yogasAdhanA ke lie prANAyAma apekSita hai, kyoMki jahA~ isase zarIra tathA mana kA zuddhIkaraNa hotA hai, vahA~ isakI siddhi se janma evaM mRtyu-kAla athavA zubhAzubha kA jJAna hotA hai| phira bhI vibhinna prANAyAmoM kI siddhi meM mAnasika avarodha utpanna hone se jaina-yoga ise vizeSa mahattva nahIM detA, yadyapi prANAyAma ke viSaya meM kaI prakAra ke vivecana, vizleSaNa jaina-yoga graMthoM meM upalabdha haiN| pratyAhAra vaidika-paramparA meM yoga-sAdhanA kI siddhi ke lie prANAyAma ke bAda pratyAhAra kA bhI bar3A mahattva hai, kyoMki pratyAhAra ke siddha hone para citta niruddha ho jAtA hai aura citta kI niruddhatA se indriyA~ niruddha ho jAtI haiN| pratyAhAra kI siddhi se indriyA~ pUrNataH vaza meM ho jAtI haiM aura isake abhyAsI ke samasta sAMsArika roga tathA pApa pUrNatayA naSTa ho jAte haiM / upaniSadoM meM pA~ca prakAra ke pratyAhAroM kA varNana hai; yathA-(1) jJAnendriyoM ko viSayoM kI ora jAne se zaktipUrvaka 1. zazAMka-ravi-mArgeNa vaayvaamnnddlessvmii| . vizantaH zubhadAH sarve niSkrAmanto'nyathA smRtAH // -yogazAstra, 557 2. iDA na piMgalAcaiva suSumNA ceti nADikAH / zazi-sUrya-ziva-sthAnaM vAma-dakSiNa-madhyagAH // -vahI, 5 / 61 3. prANAyAma prtyaahaarH| -maitreyI upaniSad, 6 / 18 4. darzanopaniSad, 79-10 5. sa paMcavidhaH viSayeSu vicaratAmindriyANAM balAdAharaNaM pratyAhAraH yadyat pazyati tatsarvamAtmeti / nityavihitakarmaphalatyAgaH pratyAhAraH / sarvaviSayaparAGmukhatvaM prtyaahaarH| aSTAdazasu marmasthAneSu kramAdvAraNaM pratyAhAraH / -zANDilyopaniSad, 18

Page #183
152 jaina yoga kA AlocanAtmaka adhyayana rokanA, (2) mana ke pUrNa niyaMtraNa ke sAtha samasta dRzya-jagat ko AtmarUpa samajhanA athavA brahma ke rUpa meM dekhanA, (3) samasta dainika karmoM ke phaloM kA tyAga, (4) samasta indriya-sukhoM se nivRtti tathA (5) aThAraha marmasthAnoM para prANavAyu kA eka nizcita krama se sthApana karate clnaa| pataMjali ne pratyAhAra kI paribhASA meM kahA hai ki indriyoM kA apane viSaya se saMbaMdha chUTa jAne para citta ke svarUpa meM vilIna ho jAnA hI pratyAhAra hai, jisase iMdriyAM pUrNataH vaza meM ho jAtI haiM / ' siddhasiddhAntapaddhati ke anusAra citta meM utpanna nAnA vikAroM se nivRtti honA pratyAhAra hai| bauddha-darzana ke anusAra pratyAhAra se bimbadarzana hone para dhyAna kA prArambha hotA hai, kyoMki dasoM iMdriyoM kA antarmukha hokara apane svarUpa mAtra meM anuvartana pratyAhAra hai aura isa anuvartana ke samaya iMdriyoM kI viSayabhAvApatti athavA viSayagrahaNa nahIM hotaa| pratyAhAra se vairAgya, trikAladarzana, dhUmAdi dasa nimittoM ke darzana kI siddhi hotI hai| jaina-paramparA ke anusAra bAhya tathA AbhyaMtara viSayoM se indriyoM ko haTAnA pratyAhAra hai| dUsare zabdoM meM zAMtayogI iMdriyoM tathA mana ko iMdriya-viSayoM se nivRtta karake icchAnusAra jahA~ jahA~ dhAraNa karatA hai, use pratyAhAra kahate haiN| ataH sampUrNa rAgadveSa se mana ko haTAkara apane ko AtmA meM kendrita kara lenA pratyAhAra hai| isa prakAra tInoM paraMparAoM meM pratyAhAra ke dvArA dhyAna ko kendrita tathA rAgadveSa Adi pravRttiyoM ko niyaMtrita kiyA jAtA hai| 1. svaviSayAsaMprayoge cittasyasvarUpAnukAra ivendriyANAM pratyAhAraH / __ tataH paramA vazyatendriyANAm / -yogadarzana, 2054-55 2. siddhasiddhAntapaddhati, 2036 3. bauddhadharmadarzana ( bhUmikA ), pR. 38 / 4. iMdriyaiH samamAkRSya viSayebhyaH prazAntadhIH / -yogazAstra, 666 5. samAkRSyendriyArthemyaH sAkSaM cetaH prazAntadhIH / yatra yatrecchayA dhatte sa pratyAhAra ucyate ||-jnyaanaarnnv, 27 / 1 6. viSayAsaMprayoge'ntaH svarUpAnukRtiH kila / pratyAhAro hRSIkANAmetadAyatatAphalaH // --dvAtriMzikA, 242

Page #184
yoga ke sAdhana : AcAra 156 dhAraNA dhAraNA yogasamAdhi kA eka pramukha tattva hai, jisake dvArA sAdhaka manovikAroM ko sarvathA tyAgakara kisI eka dizA kI ora unmukha hone meM saphala hotA hai; kyoMki bAhya vikarSaNoM se nivRta hone ke lie Asana aura prANAyAma Avazyaka hai aura AMtarika vikarSaNoM se nivRtta hone ke lie pratyAhAra evaM dhAraNA jarUrI hai| pratyAhAra ke siddha hone para sAdhaka kA bAhya jagat se saMbaMdha chUTa jAtA hai jisase use bAhyajagat-janya koI bAdhA nahIM hotii| isalie vaha kisI bAhya bAdhA ke binA citta-nirodha kA abhyAsa karane ke yogya ho jaataa|' pratyAhAra ke abhyAsa ke bAda dhAraNA kA abhyAsa bhalI-bhAMti karanA sambhava hotA hai| yahI kAraNa hai ki dhAraNA meM bAhya viSayoM se iMdriyoM ko haTAkara antarmukha kiyA jAtA hai tathA mana ko kisI eka jagaha sthira evaM zAnta kiyA jAtA hai| yoga-darzana meM dhAraNA kI paribhASA meM kahA gayA hai ki citta ko samasta viSayoM se haTAkara kisI vizeSa dizA meM paramAtmA meM baddha karanA dhAraNA hai / isa paribhASA kA samarthana upaniSadoM ne kiyA hai / amRtopaniSad ke anusAra saMkalpapUrNa mana ko AtmA meM lIna karake paramAtmacitana meM lagAnA dhAraNA hai| yogatattvopaniSad ke anusAra paMca jJAnendriyoM ke dvArA yogI jo kucha dekhatA, sunatA, sUghatA, cakhatA tathA sparza karatA hai, una sabameM AtmavicAra karanA dhAraNA hai / " zivasaMhitA se bhI ina bAtoM kI puSTi hotI hai / bauddhadharma meM dhAraNA ko yoga kA caturtha aMga mAnA gayA hai aura kahA 1. yogamanovijJAna, pR0 214 2. dezabandhazcittasya dhAraNA / -yoga-darzana, 331 . 3. trizikhibrAhmaNopaniSad, 133-34; zANDilyopaniSad, 7 / 43-44 4. manaH saMkalpakaM dhyAtvA saMkSipyAtmani buddhimAn / / dhArayitvAtathAtmAnaM dhAraNA parikIrtitA ||-amRtopnissd, 16 5. yogatattvopaniSad, 68-71 6. zivasaMhitA, 5 / 43-157

Page #185
154 jaina yoga kA AlocanAtmaka adhyayana hai ki apane iSTa, maMtra, prANa kA hRdaya meM dhyAna karate hue use lalATa meM nibaddha karanA cAhie ( mana kA prANabhUta hone ke kAraNa prANa hI maMtra pada kA vAcya hai| aisI sthiti meM prANa kA saMcaraNa arthAt zvAsa-prazvAsa nahIM rhtaa| dhAraNA kA phala vajrasatva meM samAviSTa hai, ataH isake prabhAva se sthirIbhUtaM mahAratna arthAt prANavAyu nAbhicakra se cAMDAlI ( kuNDalinI ) zakti ko uThAtA hai tathA isakI siddhi hone para cAMDAlI (kuNDalinI) zakti svabhAvataH ujjvala ho jAtI hai|' jaina-yoga ke anusAra bhI yoga-sAdhanA ke lie dhAraNA kI bhUmikA Avazyaka hai| jJAnArNava ke anusAra iMdriyoM ke viSayoM ko rokakara aura rAgadveSa ko dUra kara evaM samatAbhAva kA avalambana kara mana ko lalATadeza meM saMlIna karanA cAhie, kyoMki aisA karane se samAdhi kI siddhi hotI hai| yogazAstra ke anusAra citta ko sthira karanA hI dhAraNA hai aura nAbhi, hRdaya nAsikA kA agrabhAga, kapAla, bhRkuTi, tAlu, netra, mukha, kAna aura mastaka ye dhAraNA ke sthAna haiM arthAt ina sthAnoM meM se kisI bhI eka sthAna para citta ko sthira karanA dhAraNA ke lie Avazyaka hai| niSkarSa yaha hai ki citta ko kisI eka dhyeya para ekAgra karanA hI dhAraNA hai| aura yoga-sAdhanA kI dRSTi se yaha Avazyaka tattva hai, kyoMki binA isake samAdhi kI pUrNatA prApta nahIM ho sktii| 1. bauddhadharmadarzana (bhUmikA), pR0 38-39 2. niruddhadha karaNagrAmaM samatvamavalambya ca / lalATadezasaMlInaM vidadhyAnizcalaM manaH ||-shaanaarnnv, 27 / 12 3. naabhii-hRdy-naasaagr-bhaal-bhruu-taalu-dRssttyH| mukhaM karNI zirazceti dhyAnasthAnAnyakIrtayan ||-yogshaastr, 67 4. cittasyadhAraNAdeze pratyayasyaikatAnatA / dvAtriMzikA, 24 / 18

Page #186
yoga ke sAdhana : dhyAna yoga meM dhyAna kA bahuta mahattvapUrNa sthAna hai / mana athavA citta kabhI sthira nahIM rahatA aura kisI bhI dhyeya vastu para adhika samaya taka dhyAna ThaharatA bhI nahIM / ataH sarvaprathama citta kI vikalatA dUra kara use sthira karane kA nirdeza kiyA gayA hai / isake lie yama, niyama, Asana, prANAyAma aura tapa Adi kriyAoM kA vidhAna hai, tAki sAdhaka inake samyakU pAlana se mana kI caMcalatA, vikalatA haTAkara tathA use antarmukha kara apane dhyAna ko AtmA para keMdrita kare / dhyAna kI parAkASThA samAdhi mAnI gayI hai / dhyAna kI isI mahattA aura mahanIyatA kI dRSTi se vaidika, bauddha evaM jaina yogoM meM dhyAna kA mahattvapUrNa sthAna hai / vaidika-yoga meM dhyAna aneka upaniSadoM meM dhyAna evaM samAdhi kA sUkSma varNana prApta hotA hai / " brahmabiMdUpaniSad meM kahA gayA hai ki hRdaya meM mana kA taba taka nirodha karanA cAhie jaba taka ki usakA kSaya na ho jAya / samAdhi kI aisI avasthA meM vyakti paramAtmA ko pAkara apane ko usake jaisA samajhane lagatA hai / arthAt aisI avasthA meM jJAtA, jJAna evaM jJeya kI tripuTI nahIM rahatI / java sAdhaka dhyAna meM sthUla kA Alambana lekara sUkSma kI ora agrasara hotA hai, taba eka aisI sthiti AtI hai, jahA~ use kisI bhI vastu ke Alambana kI apekSA nahIM raha jAtI / samAdhi kI yahI avasthA sAMkhyadarzanAnusAra 'dhyAnaM nirviSayaM manaH 5 mana kA nirviSaya: 1. darzanopaniSad, 911- 6; dhyAnabindUpaniSad, 14- 37; yogakuNDalyUpaniSad, 3 / 15 - 32; zANDilyopaniSad, 1 / 6 / 3-4 2. tAvadevaM niroddhavyaM yAvaddhadi- gataM kSayam / brahmabindUpaniSad, 5 3. amRtanAdopaniSad, 16 4. zANDilyopaniSad, 11 5. sAMkhyasUtram, 6 / 25

Page #187
"156 jaina yoga kA AlocanAtmaka adhyayana honA hI dhyAna hai| yogadarzanAnusAra' Atma-ciMtana karate-karate Izvara ke eka hI pratyaya meM tallIna ho jAnA hI dhyAna hai / isa dhyAna meM kevala Atmatattva anubhava meM AnA hI samAdhi hai / haThayogasaMhitA meM batAyA hai ki prANAyAma ke dvArA samAdhi kI siddhi arthAt vAyu ke nirodha ke dvArA mana kA nirodha hotA hai| dhyAna athavA samAdhi ke vividha prakAroM kA varNana vibhinna baidika graMthoM meM milatA hai| gheraNDasaMhitA ke anusAra sthUla, jyoti aura sUkSma ye dhyAna ke tIna prakAra varNita haiN| pataJjali ke anusAra samAdhi ke do bheda haiM"-(1) samprajJAta evaM (2) asamprajJAta / ' samprajJAta samAdhi meM samasta cittavRtiyoM kA nirodha nahIM hotA hai aura asamprajJAta samAdhi meM cittavRtiyoM kA nirodha ho jAtA hai / dhyAtavya hai ki asamprajJAta samAdhi kI prApti ke lie samprajJAta samAdhi kA nirantara abhyAsa karanA hotA hai / ataH asamprajJAta samAdhi kA kAraNa samprajJAta samAdhi hai / samprajJAta samAdhi cAra prakAra kI hai:-(1) vitarkAnugata, (2) vicArAnugata, (3) AnandAnugata evaM (4) asmitAnugata / prathama prakAra meM vitarka, vicAra, Ananda evaM asmitA kI upasthiti ke kAraNa use savitarka bhI kahA jAtA hai| citta ko sthira karane ke lie isa samAdhi meM sthUla vastu kA Alambana liyA jAtA hai| dvitIya prakAra meM vitarkarahita zeSa tInoM vicAra hone ke kAraNa use savicAra samAdhi bhI kahA jAtA hai| isameM bhI sAdhaka sthUla kA Alambana letA hai| tRtIya prakAra kI samAdhi AnaMda aura asmitA kI samAdhi hai| caturtha prakAra meM kevala asmitA hone ke kAraNa use sAsmitA samAdhi kahA gayA hai| isa taraha cAroM prakAroM meM citta sthira karane ke lie sAdhaka ko vastu kA Alambana lenA hI par3atA 1. tatra pratyayakatAnatA dhyAnam / -yogadarzana, 31 2. tadevArthanirbhAsaM svarUpazUnyamiva samAdhiH / -vahI, 3 / 2 / 3. haThayogasaMhitA, 109 4. gheraNDasaMhitA, 6 / 1-20 5. yogadarzana, vyAsabhASya, 1 / 1 6. vahI, 1141 7. vitarkavicArAnandA'smitArUpAnugamAtsamprajJAtaH |-yogdrshn, 1 / 17

Page #188
157 yoga ke sAdhana : dhyAna hai, jisameM citta-saMskAra sampUrNataH naSTa nahIM hote| isa dRSTi se inako sabIjasamAdhi bhI kahate haiN| batAyA gayA hai ki ina cAroM kA abhyAsa karate-karate cittavRttiyoM ke sirpha saMskAra hI zeSa rahate haiM aura abhyAsapUrvaka vairAgya se una zeSa saMskAroM kA bhI abhAva ho jAtA hai| aisI sthiti meM use nirbIja samAdhi kahA jAtA hai| ___ ina cAroM samprajJAta samAdhiyoM ko pAra karake sAdhaka athavA yogI vivekakhyAti prApta karatA hai| vivekakhyAti se usake samasta kleza tathA karma naSTa hote haiM aura citta meM nirantara vivekakhyAti kA pravAha bahane lagatA hai| isI paripakva sthiti ko dharmamegha samAdhi kahA hai| batAyA gayA hai ki isase RtambharA prajJAe~ utpanna hotI haiM aura unake dvArA yogI asamprajJAta samAdhi ko prApta kara kevalya prApta karatA haiN| bauddha-yoga meM dhyAna vaidika-paramparA kI hI bhA~ti bauddha-yoga meM bhI citta kuzaloM ko sthira karane ke lie dhyAna kI mahattA svIkAra kI gayI hai / bauddha darzanAnusAra citta ke kAraNa hI sAdhaka ko saMsAra-bhramaNa karanA par3atA hai| jisameM dhyAna ke sAtha prajJA hai, vahI nirvANa ke samIpa hai|5 arthAt nirvANa kI prApti hI dhyAna kA uddezya hai|' hInayAna ke anusAra nirvANa kI prApti hI jIvana kA carama lakSya hai aura arhatpada kI prApti karanA pradhAna uddezya / isa prakAra arhatpada kI prApti ke lie cAra AyatanoM kA vidhAna hai, jo nirvANa-prApti ke sAdhana haiN| ve Ayatana isa prakAra haiM-(1) AkAzAna 1. tA eva sabIjaH samAdhiH / -vahI, 1 / 46 2. virAmapratyayAbhyAsapUrvaH sNskaarshesso'nyH| -vahI, 118 3. tadabhyAsapUrvakaMhi cittaM nirAlambanamabhAvaprAptamiva bhavatItyeSa nirbIjaH samAdhisamprajJAtaH / -yogadarzana, vyAsabhASya, 1151 sa 4. yogasUtra, 4 / 29-34 5. yamhi zAnaM ca paJcA ca sa ve nibbAnasantike / -dhammapada, 25 / 13 / / 6. te jhAyino sAtatikA niccaM daLaha-parakkamA / phusanti dhIrA ninbAnaM yogakkhemaM anuttaraM / / -dhammapada, 2 // 3 7. abhidharmakoza, pR0 50

Page #189
158 jaina yoga kA AlocanAtmaka adhyayana -ntyAyatana, (2) vijJAnAnantyAyatana, (3) akiMcanAyatana evaM ( 4 ) naivasaMjJAnAsaMjJAyatana / sAdhaka jaba ina AyatanoM ko pAra karatA huA antima avasthA ke pAra pahu~catA hai, taba use nirvANa kI prApti hotI hai / isa antima avasthA ko 'bhavAgra' kahA gayA hai / " mahAyAna ke anusAra buddhatva kI prApti karanA carama uddezya hai aura kahA gayA hai ki jaba taka prajJApAramitAoM kA udaya nahIM hotA, taba taka buddhatva kI prApti nahIM hotI / prajJApAramitAoM ke udaya ke lie samAdhi Avazyaka hai " tathA samAdhi ke cAra prakAra bhI varNita haiM, jo yogI ko kramazaH sthUla se sUkSma kI ora le jAte haiM / samAdhi ke cAra prakAra ye haiM 1. vitarkavicAra prItisukha ekAgrasahita - yaha viSayabhogoM aura akuzala pravRttiyoM se alaga hokara vittakeM evaM vicAra se utpanna prIti aura sukha saMvAhaka dhyAna hai / isameM citta hamezA caMcala rahatA hai / 2. prItisukha ekAgrasahita - isa dhyAna meM vittarka-vicAra na rahane ke kAraNa citta zAMta rahatA hai aura prIti, sukha, ekAgra ina tIna aMgoM ke zeSa hone ke kAraNa yaha dhyAna Antarika citta kI ekAgratA sahita prIti sukhavAlA hotA hai / 3. sukha ekAgrasahita - isa dhyAna meM prIti aura virAga ke prati upekSAbhAva rakhakara yogI smRti aura samprajanya yukta hokara sukha kA anubhava karatA hai, jise upekSA, smRti, mAna, sukhavihArI kahate haiM / 4. ekAgratAsahita - isa dhyAna meM sukhaduHkha kA prazna hI nahIM uThatA, sabhI vRttiyA~ zAMta hotI haiM, kyoMki somanasya ora daurmanasya ke asta ho jAne para sukha evaM duHkha bhI vinaSTa ho jAte haiM aura upekSAbhAva se kevala smRti hI parizuddha hotI hai / isa prakAra yogI cittazuddha svarUpa ko pAkara usameM lIna ho jAtA hai arthAt samadarzI avasthA prApta kara letA hai / ataH boddhayoga meM bhI apanI akuzala pravRttiyoM ko haTAkara, 1. bhavAgrAsaMjJisatvAzca satyAvAsAnava smRtAH / - vahI, 336 2. bauddhadarzana, pR0 397 3. dIghanikAya, 12; majjhimanikAya, 3 / 2 / 1; vizuddhimArga, pari0 4 pRthvI kasiNanirdeza |

Page #190
yoga ke sAdhana : dhyAna 159 ekAgratA se cittasvarUpa ko jAnane ke lie samAdhi ko sAdhana ke rUpa meM svIkAra kiyA gayA hai| jaina-yoga meM dhyAna dhyAna ke bheda-prabheda kA vistRta vivecana jaina-yoga meM varNita hai| vastutaH dhyAna-sAdhanA hI jaina-yoga meM sAdhanA kA paryAya bana gayI hai, kyoMki saMsAra-bhramaNa kA kAraNa, jaina darzanAnusAra, iMdriyoM evaM mana kI caJcalatA hai aura ina para niyantraNa karanA hI cAritra kI pahalI zarta hai| jaina yogAnusAra saMyama athavA cAritra kI vRddhi ke lie dhyAna sarvottama sAdhana mAnA gayA hai| dhyAna kI paribhASA evaM usake paryAya-citta ko kisI viSaya para kendrita karanA dhyAna kahA gayA hai, ' tathA use nirjarA evaM saMvara kA kAraNa bhI batAyA hai| vastutaH citta ko kisI eka vastu athavA bindra para keMdrita karanA kaThina hai, kyoMki yaha kisI bhI viSaya para antarmuhUrta se jyAdA Tika nahIM pAtA tathA eka muhUrta dhyAna meM vyatIta ho jAne ke pazcAt yaha sthira nahIM rahatA aura yadi ho bhI jAya to vaha cintana kahalAyegA athavA Alambana ko bhinnatA se dUsarA dhyAna khlaayegaa| prakArAntara se dhyAna athavA samAdhi vaha hai, jisameM saMsAra-baMdhanoM ko tor3anevAle vAkyoM ke artha kA cintana kiyA jAtA hai arthAt samasta karmamala naSTa hone para sirpha vAkyoM kA Alambana lekara AtmasvarUpa meM lIna ho jAne kA prayatna kiyA jAtA hai| dhyAna ko sAmyabhAva batAte hae kahA hai ki yogI jaba dhyAna meM tanmaya ho jAtA hai, taba use dvarata jJAna rahatA hI nahIM aura vaha samasta rAgadveSAdi sAMsArikatA se Upara uThakara cit 1. cittasegaggayA havai jhANaM / -Avazyakaniyukta, 1459; dhyAnazataka, 2; . navapadArtha, pR0 668 2. tadvyAnaM nijarAhetuH saMvarasya ca kAraNam / -tattvAnuzAsana, 56 3. AmuhUrtAt / -tatvArthasUtra, 9 / 28; dhyAnazataka, 3; yogapradIpa, 15 / 33 4. muhUrtAtparatazcintA yadvA dhyAnAntaraM bhavet / vaharthasaMkrame tu syAddIrdhA'pi dhyAna-santatiH ||-yogshaastr, 4/116 5. yogapradIpa, 138

Page #191
16. jaina yoga kA AlocanAtmaka adhyayana svarUpa AtmA ke hI dhyAna meM nimagna ho jAtA hai|' isI paribhASA / kI puSTi karate hue dhyAna ke sandarbha meM samarasIbhAva tathA savIryadhyAna kA prayoga huA hai| dUsare zabdoM meM uttama saMhananavAle ke ekAgra cintAnirodha' ko dhyAna kahA gayA hai tathA vajravRSabhanArAca, vajranArAca evaM nArAca ina tIna prakAra ke saMhanana kA bhI ullekha hai| yadyapi tInoM saMhananoM ko dhyAna ke kAraNa ke rUpa meM svIkAra kiyA gayA hai, tathApi mokSa kA kAraNa vajravRSabhanArAcasaMhanana hI hai, kyoMki yogI nAnA AlambanoM meM sthita apanI cintA ko jaba kisI eka Alambana meM sthira karatA hai, taba use ekAgranirodha nAmaka yoga kI prApti hotI hai| isI yoga ko bauddha-paramparA meM samAdhi tathA prasaMkhyAna kahA hai / . isa sandarbha meM ullekhanIya hai ki Alambana ke do prakAra mAne gaye haiM-rUpI aura arUpI / arUpI Alambana mukta AtmA ko mAnA gayA hai tathA ise atIMdriya hone ke kAraNa anAlambana yoga bhI kahA gayA hai|" rUpI Alambana indriyagamya mAnA gayA hai aura batAyA hai ki donoM hI dhyAna chadmasthoM ke hote haiN| yadyapi rUpI athavA sAlambana ke dhyAna ke adhikArI yogI chaThe guNasthAna taka apane cAritra kA vikAsa karane meM sakSama hote haiM tathA anAlambana ke adhikArI sAtaveM se lekara bArahaveM guNasthAna tk| jaba sAlambana dhyAna hI sAMsArika vastuoM se haTakara AtmA ke vAstavika svarUpadarzana meM tIvra abhilaSita ho jAtA hai, taba nirAlamba dhyAna kI niSpatti hotI hai| AtmasAkSAtkAra hone para dhyAna raha hI nahIM jAtA, kyoMki dhyAna eka viziSTa prayatna kA nAma hai, jo kevalajJAna ke pahale yA yoga-nirodha karate samaya kiyA jAtA hai| isa 1. dekheM, jJAnArNava, adhyAya 22, sAmyavaibhavam / 2. tattvAnuzAsana, 137 3. dekheM, jJAnArgava, adhyAya 28, savIrya dhyAnam / 4. uttamasaMhananasyaikAgracintAnirodho dhyAnam / -tattvArthasUtra, 9 / 27 5. tattvArtharAjavArtika, pR0 625 6. tattvAnuzAsana, 60-61 7. AlaMbaNaM pi evaM rUvamarUvI ya ittha paramutti / tagguNapariNairUvI, suhumo'NAlaMbaNo nAma / / -yogaviMzikA, 19

Page #192
yoga ke sAdhana : dhyAna 161 prakAra nirAlamba dhyAna kI siddhi ho jAne para saMsArAvasthA baMda ho jAtI hai aura isake bAda kevalajJAna aura kevalajJAna se 'ayoga' nAmaka sthiti prakaTa hotI hai, jo paramanirvANa kA hI aparanAma hai| dhyAna ke paryAya ke rUpa meM tapa, samAdhi, dhIrodha, svAntanigraha, aMta:saMlInatA, sAmyabhAva, samarasIbhAva, savIrya-dhyAna Adi kA prayoga kiyA gayA hai| dhyAna ke aMga-dhyAna ke lie pramukhataH tIna bAteM apekSita haiM-(1) dhyAtA, (2) dhyeya aura (3, dhyAna / dhyAtA arthAt dhyAna karanevAlA, dhyeya arthAt Alambana tathA dhyAna arthAt ekAgracintana / yAnI ina tInoM kI ekAtmakatA hI dhyAna hai| dUsare zabdoM meM jisake dvArA dhyAna kiyA jAtA hai vaha dhyAtA hai; athavA jisakA dhyAna kiyA jAtA hai vaha dhyeya hai; athavA dhyAtA kA dhyeya meM sthira honA hI dhyAna hai| nizcaya-naya se kartA, karma, karaNa, sampradAna, apAdAna aura adhikaraNa ko SaTkAramayI AtmA kahA gayA hai aura inako hI dhyAna kahA hai| ataH AtmA, apanI AtmA ko apanI AtmA meM, apanI AtmA ke dvArA, apanI AtmA ke lie apanI AtmA ke hetu se aura apanI AtmA kA hI dhyAna karatA hai| ____dhyAna kI sAmagrI-dhyAna kI sAmagriyoM ko spaSTa karate hue batalAyA gayA hai ki dhyAna meM parigrahatyAga, kaSAyoM kA nigraha, vratadhAraNA, mana 1. edhammi mohasAgarataraNaM seDhI ya kevalaM yeSa / tatto ajogajogo, kammeNa paramaM ca nibbANaM / / -vahI, 20 2. yogo dhyAnaM samAdhizca dhI-rodhaH svAntanigraha / antaHsaMlInatA ceti tatparyAyAH smRtA budhaiH / / -ArSa 21 / 12; tattvAnuzAsana, pR0 6. 3. dhyAnaM vidhitsatA zeyaM dhyAtA dhyeyaM tathA phalam / -yogazAstra, 7 / 1 4. dhyAyate yena taddhyAnaM yo dhyAyati sa eva vA / yatra vA dhyAyate yadvA, dhyAtivAM dhyAnamiSyate // -tattvAnuzAsana, 67 5, svAtmAnaM svAtmani sbena dhyAyetsvasmaisvato ytH| SaTkArakAmayastasmAd dhyAnamAtmaiva nizcayAt // -vahI, 74

Page #193
.162 jaina yoga kA AlocanAtmaka adhyayana tathA indriya-vijaya Avazyaka hai, kyoMki dhyAna kI siddhi ke lie yogI ko apane citta kA durdhyAna, vacana kA asaMyama evaM kAyA kI capalatA kA nirodha karanA cAhie aura apane samasta doSoM se rahita hokara citta sthira karanA caahie| sadguru, samyak zraddhAna, nirantara abhyAsa tathA manaHsthiratA kA bhI dhyAna kI siddhi ke kAraNa ke rUpa meM ullekha hai| bairAgya, tattvavijJAnaM, nigraMthatA, samacittatA, parISahajaya,' asaMgatA, sthiracittatA, urmismaya, sahanatA Adi kA ullekha bhI usI saMdarbha meM milatA hai| inake atirikta pUraNa, kumbhaka, recana, dahana, plavana, mudrA, maMtra, maNDala, dhAraNA, karmAdhiSThAtA, devoM kA saMsthAna, liMga, Asana, pramANa, vAhana Adi-jo kucha bhI zAnta tathA krara karma ke lie maMtravAda Adi ke kathana haiM, ve bhI sabhI dhyAna kI sAmagriyoM ke antargata hI haiN| saMkSepa meM, AcAramImAMsA kI hI sArI bAteM dhyAna kI sAmagriyoM ke antargata svIkRta haiN| vastutaH dhyAna, vrata, japa, Adi sabhI AcAra binA nirmala citta ke karane se koI lAbha nahIM hai, kyoMki mana ko zuddhi hI yathArtha zuddhi hai| 1. saMgatyAgaH kaSAyANAM nigraho vratadhAraNam / mano'kSANAM jayazceti sAmagrI dhyAnajanmane // - vahI, 75 2. nirundhyAccittaduniM nirandhyAdayataM vacaH / nirundhyAt kAyacApalyaM, tattvatallInamAnasaH / / -yogasAra, 163 3. mA mujjhaha mA rajjaha mA dUsaha iTThaNi?aTTha su / thiramicchahi jai cittaM vicittajhANappasiddhIe / / -bRhadravya saMgraha, 48 4. dhyAnasya ca punarmukhyo heturetaccatuSTayam / gurUpadezaH zraddhAnaM sadAbhyAsa: sthiraM manaH // -tattvAnuzAsana, 218 5. vairAgyaM tasvavijJAnaM nargranthyaM samacittatA / parISaha-jayazceti paMcaite dhyAnahetavaH // - bRhadravyasaMgraha, pR0 207 para uddhRta 6. upAsakAdhyayana, 396634 7. tattvAnuzAsana, 213-216 8. kiM vrataiH kiM vratAcAraiH kiM tapobhirjapazca kim / / kiM dhyAnaiH kiM tathA dhyeyairna cittaM yadi bhAsvaram // -yogasAra, 68

Page #194
yoga ke sAdhana : dhyAna 163 mana ko zuddhi ke binA vratoM kA anuSThAna karanA vRthA kAyakleza hai| isake lie indriyoM ke viSayoM kA nirodha Avazyaka hai aura jaba taka indriyoM para jaya nahIM hotI, taba taka kaSAyoM para jaya nahIM hotii| ataH dhyAna kI zuddhatA yA siddhi hI karmasamUha ko naSTa karatI hai aura AtmA kA dhyAna zarIra-sthita AtmA ke svarUpa ko jAnane meM samartha hotA hai, kyoMki dhyAna hI jahA~ saba aticAroM kA pratikramaNa hai.5 vahA~ AtmajJAna kI prApti se karmakSaya tathA karmakSaya se mokSa kI prApti hotI hai| dhyAtavya hai ki dhyAna dvArA zubha-azubha donoM kI prApti saMbhava hai| arthAt isase ciMtAmaNi kI bhI prApti hotI hai aura khalo ke Tukar3e bhI prApta hote haiN| isa prakAra dhyAnasiddhi kI dRSTi se bAhya sAdhanoM ke nirodha ke sAtha svavRtti tathA sAmyabhAva kA honA anivArya hai, jabaki sAdhaka ko AtmA ke atirikta aura kucha dikhAI nahIM detaa| agara sAdhaka ko sAMsArika cintAoM kA hI dhyAna anAyAsa ho jAya to bhI 1. manaHzuddhyaiva zuddhiH syAddehinAM nAtra saMzayaH / vRthA tavyatirekeNa kAyasyayaM kadarthanA / / -jJAnArNava, 2013 2. adAntairindriya-hya zcalairapathagAmibhiH / -yogazAstra, 425 3. jJAnArNava, 2014 4. evamabhyAsayogena dhyAnenAnena yogibhiH / zarIrAMtaH sthitaH svAtmA yathAvastho'valokyate // -yogapradIpa, 16 5. jhANaNilINo sAhU paricAgaM kuNai sbbdosaannN| tamhA du jhANameva hi savvadicArassa paDikamaNaM // -niyamasAra, 93 6. mokSa:karmakSayAdeva sa cAtmajJAnato bhavet / dhyAnaMsAdhyaM mataM tacca taddhyAnaM hitamAtmanaH // -yogazAstra, 4 / 113 7. itazcintAmaNidivya itaH piNyAkakhaNDakam / dhyAnena cedubhe labhye kvAdriyantAM vivekinaH / / -pUjyapAdakRta iSTopadeza, 20 8. tataH svavRttitvAt bAhyadhyeyaprAdhAnyApekSA nivartitAmavati / -tattvArtharAjavArtika, pR0 626 9. tadA ca paramaikAgrayAbahirartheSu satsvapi / anyanna kiMcanA'bhAti svamevAtmani pazyataH // -tattvAnuzAsana, 172

Page #195
164 jaina yoga kA AlocanAtmaka adhyayana 9 una vyApAroM ko antarmukha karake guru athavA bhagavAn kA smaraNa karate hue nirjana sthAna meM sarva prakAra kI kAyaceSTAoM se rahita hokara sukhAsana baiThanA cAhie, kyoMki isase bhI dhyAna meM zuddhatA AtI hai / agara pUrvasaMskAravaza bAra-bAra kisI ramaNI kA hI dhyAna AtA ho, to usa samaya usI kA dhyAna karanA cAhie aura usake zarIra kI kSaNabhaMguratA, sadoSatA Adi kA cintana karanA cAhie / isase apane Apa eka aisI sthiti utpanna hogI ki sAdhaka ke mana meM usa strI ke prati udAsInatA kA bhAva paidA hogA aura dhyAna zubha-pravRttiyoM meM kendrita hone lagegA / ataH rAgajanita vastu kA cintana karate-karate bhI ekAnta sthAna meM binA pratyAghAta se dhyAna karane se kramazaH yoga para adhikAra prApta ho jAtA hai tathA isa prakAra ke abhyAsa se pariNAma yA bhAva zuddha evaM sthira rahane se paramamokSa nikaTa AtA hai / dhyAna ke prakAra jaina AgamoM evaM yoga saMbaMdhI anya jaina vAGmaya meM dhyAna ke pramukha cAra prakAroM kA ullekha milatA hai - (a) Artta, (A) raudra, (i) dharma aura (I) zukla / inameM pahale do dhyAnoM (Arta, raudra) ko aprazasta athavA azubha tathA aMtima do (dharma, zukla) ko prazasta athavA zubha kahA gayA hai, kyoMki aprazasta dhyAna duHkha denevAle tathA prazasta dhyAna mokSaprApti ke hetu haiM / jJAnArNava ke anusAra dhyAna ke tIna bheda bhI dekhane ko milate haiM - ( 1 ) prazasta, (2) aprazasta aura (3) zuddha / " yaha prakArAntara se cAra bhedoM kA hI samarthana hai / hemacaMdrAcArya ne dhyAna kA dhyAtA, dhyAna aura dhyeya ke rUpa meM vargIkaraNa kiyA hai, tathA dhyeya ke cAra prakAra batAye 1. yogazataka, 59-60 2. sthAnAMga, 4 / 247; samavAyAMga, 4; bhagavatI sUtra, za0 25, udde0 7; Avazyaka niyukti, 1458; dazavaikAlika, adhyayana 1 3. dhyAnazataka, 5; jJAnArNava, 23|19; tattvAnuzAsana, 34 4. AtaMraudraM ca durdhyAnaM varjanIyamidaM sadA / dharmaM zuklaM ca saddhyAnamupAdeyaM mumukSubhiH // 5. jJAnArNava, 3 / 27 - tattvAnuzAsana, 34

Page #196
yoga ke sAdhana : dhyAna 165 / haiM - ( 1 ) piNDastha, (2) padastha, (3) rUpastha aura rUpAtIta | dhyeya ke ina cAra bhedoM kA ullekha jJAnArNava meM bhI hai / rAmasenAcAya ne bhI dhyeya ke cAra bheda ginAye haiM- nAma, sthApanA, dravya aura bhAva / phira bhI inake vargIkaraNa kI apanI vizeSatA hai inake anusAra dravya dhyeya hI piNDastha dhyAna rUpa meM upasthita huA hai, kyoMki dhyeya padArtha dhyAtA ke zarIra meM sthita AtmA hI dhyAna-viSaya mAnA gayA hai aura piNDastha dhyAna kA kAma bhI vahI hai / ina sabake atirikta dhyAna ke caubIsa " bhedoM kA bhI ullekha milatA hai, jinameM bAraha dhyAna kramazaH dhyAna, zUnya, kalA, jyoti, bindu, nAda, tArA, laya, mAtrA, pada aura siddhi hai tathA ina dhyAnoM ke sAtha 'parama' pada lagAne se dhyAna ke aura anya bheda banate haiM / ukta bheda-prabhedoM se alaga haTakara AgamoM tathA yogagraMthoM meM vivecita dhyAna ke sarvasammata cAra prakAroM kA vizleSaNa karanA yahA~ abhISTa hai / (a) Arta- dhyAna duHkha ke nimita se yA duHkha meM honevAlA ' athavA manojJa vastu ke viyoga evaM amanojJa vastu ke saMyoga Adi ke kAraNa athavA Avazyaka moha ke kAraNa sAMsArika vastuoM meM rAgabhAva karanA " ArtadhyAna hai arthAt rAga-bhAva se jo unmattatA hotI hai, vaha ajJAna ke kAraNa hotI 1. piNDasthaM ca padasthaM ca rUpasthaM rUpavarjitam / caturdhA dhyeyamAmnAtaM dhyAnasyAlambanaM budhaiH // 2. jJAnArNava, 36 1 3. nAma ca sthApanaM dravyaM bhAvazceti caturvidham / - tattvAnuzAsana, 99 4. dhAtu piNDe sthitazcaivaM dhyeyo'rtho dhyAyate yataH / vahI, 134 ye piNDasthamityAhurataeva ca kevalaM / sunna - kula-joi - biMdu-nAdo -tAro-lao-lavo mattA / paya-siddhi paramajuyA jhANAI huMti cauvIsaM // -5 6. sthAnAMga, 4 / 247 7. samavAyAMga, 4 .8. dazavaikAlika adhyayana 1 - yogazAstra, 78, - namaskAra svAdhyAya ( prAkRta), pR0 225

Page #197
jaina yoga kA AlocanAtmaka adhyayana hai aura phalataH avAMchanIya vastu kI prApti-aprApti hone para jIva duHkhI hotA hai| yahI ortadhyAna hai / ' ArtadhyAna ke cAra bheda haiM (1)aniSTasaMyoga-cara arthAt agni, sarpa, siMha, jala Adi tathA sthira arthAt duSTa, rAjA, zatru Adi dvArA zarIra, svajana, dhana Adi ke nimitta mana ko jo kleza hotA hai, vaha aniSTasaMyoga nAmaka ArtadhyAna hai| (2) iSTaviyoga-apane mana kI pyArI vastuoM arthAt aizvarya, strI, kuTumba, mitra, parivArAdi ke naSTa yA viyukta hone para athavA iMdriyaviSayoM kI kSati hone para moha ke kAraNa jo pIr3A hotI hai, vaha iSTaviyoga nAmaka ArtadhyAna hai| (3) rogaciMtA yA rogArta-zUla, siradarda Adi rogoM kI vedanA ke kAraNa utpanna cintApUrNa cintana rogacintA nAmaka ArtadhyAna hai|" (4) bhogArta-bhogoM kI icchA se laukika evaM pAralaukika bhogya vastuoM kA cintana karanA bhogArta nAmaka ArtadhyAna hai| yaha dhyAna janma-paramparA-saMsAra-paribhramaNa-kA kAraNa hai| ise nidAnajanya ArtadhyAna bhI kahA hai| isa prakAra isa dhyAna ke kAraNa jIva sarvadA bhayabhIta, zokAkula, saMzayI, pramAdI, kalahakArI, viSayI, nidrAzIla, zithila, khedakhinna tathA mUrchA-grasta rahatA hai| usakI buddhi sthira nahIM rahatI, vivekazUnya 1. Rte bhavamathAtaM syAdasadhyAnaM zarIriNAm / diGmohonmattatAtulyamavidyAvAsanAvazAt // -jJAnArNava, 23 / 21 2. sthAnAMga, 4 / 247; Avazyakaadhyayana, 4 3. jJAnArNava, 23123 4. manojJavastuvidhvaMse punsttsNgmaarthibhiH| klizyate yattadetatsyAdvitIyArtasya lakSaNam / / -jJAnArNava, 23 / 29 5. (ka) taha sUlasIsarogAi veyaNAe vijogapaNihANaM / / tadasaMpaogacitA tappaDiyArAulamaNaMssa // --dhyAnazataka, 7. (kha) jJAnArNava, 23 / 30-31 6. jJAnArNava, 23 / 32-33-34 7. vahI, 23141 .

Page #198
167 yoga ke sAdhana : dhyAna hotA hai aura vaha rAgadveSa ke kAraNa saMsAra-bhramaNa karatA hai| aise kuTila cintana ke kAraNa vaha tiryaMcagati prApta karatA hai| aura aise svabhAva ke kAraNa usakI lezyAe~ kRSNa, nIla evaM kApota hotI haiN| aise dhyAnI kA mana AtmA se haTakara sAMsArika vastuoM para keMdrita rahatA hai aura icchita yA priya vastuoM ke prati atizaya moha ke kAraNa, unake viyoga meM yA prApta na hone para duHkhita hotA hai / isalie isa dhyAna ko azubha kahA gayA hai aura isakI sthiti chaThe guNasthAna taka hotI hai| (bhA) raudradhyAna - yaha dhyAna bhI azubha athavA aprazasta dhyAna hai, jisameM kuTila bhAvoM kI cintanA hotI hai| jIva svabhAvavaza sabhI prakAra ke pApAcAra karane meM udyata hotA hai tathA vaha nirdayI evaM krUra kAryo kA kartA banatA hai| isalie rudra athavA kaThora jIva ke bhAva ko raudra mAnA gayA hai| isa dhyAna meM hiMsA, jhUTha, corI, dhanarakSA meM lIna honA, chedana-bhedana' Adi pravRttiyoM meM rAga Adi Ate haiN| isake cAra bheda prarUpita haiN| (1) hisAnanda-anya prANiyoM ko apane se yA anya ke dvArA mArane, kATane, chedane athavA vadha-baMdhana dvArA pIr3ita karane para jo harSa prakaTa 1. rAgo doso moho ya jeNa saMsAraheyavo bhnniyaa| aTrami ya te tiNNivi to taM saMsAra tarubIyaM / --dhyAnazataka, 13 2. kAvoya-nIla-kAlAlessAo nnaaisNkilitttthaao| aTTajjhANovagayassa kmmprinnaamjnniaao|| -vahI, 14 3. apathyamapi paryante rmympygribhkssnne| viddhyasaddhyAnametaddhi SaDguNasthAnabhUmikam / / -jJAnArNava, 23 // 36 4. rudraH krU rAzayaH prANI rodrakarmAsya kIrtitam / . rUdrasya khalu bhAvo vA raudramityabhidhIyate // -vahI, 2412 5. sthAnAMga, 41247; samavAyAMga, 4 6. dazavaikAlikasUtraTIkA, adhyayana 1 7. hiMsA'nutasteyaviSayasaMrakSaNebhyo raudram ... ... / -tattvArthasatra, 9 / 36; tathA jJAnArNava, 24 // 3

Page #199
168 jaina yoga kA AlocanAtmaka adhyayana kiyA jAtA hai, vaha isa dhyAna kA viSaya hai| aisA dhyAna karanevAlA nipuNa, nirdaya, kRtaghna aura naraka kA bhAgI hotA hai / vaha sadA kuTilatA, mAyAcAritA, vaira, badalA lene, IrSyA karane Adi duSpravRttiyoM meM phaMsA rahatA hai tathA inhIM pravRttiyoM kA cintana karatA rahatA hai / (2) mRSAnanda-asatya, jhUThI kalpanAoM se grasta hokara dUsaroM ko dhokhA dene athavA Thagane kA cintana karanA mRSAnanda raudradhyAna hai| mRSAnandI vyakti satya vacanoM se rahita manovAMchita phala kI prApti ke lie satya ko jhUTha athavA jhUTha ko satya banAkara logoM ko ThagatA hai aura apane ko catura siddha karatA hai / / , (3) cauryAnanda-corI saMbaMdhI kAryo', upadezoM athavA caura-pravRttiyoM meM kuzalatA dikhAnA cauryAnanda raudradhyAna hai| isa dhyAna ke antargata caurya karma ke lie nirantara vyAkula rahanA, cintita honA athavA dUsaroM kI sampatti ke haraNa se harSita honA athavA dUsaroM kI sampatti ko haraNa karane kA upAya batAnA Adi duSpravRttiyAM AtI haiM / yaha atizaya nindA kA kAraNa hai| (4) saMrakSaNAnanda-krUra pariNAmoM se yukta hokara tIkSNa astra-zastroM se zatruoM ko naSTa karake unake aizvarya tathA sampatti ko bhogane kI icchA rakhanA athavA zatru se bhayabhIta hokara apane dhana, strI, putra rAjyAdi ke saMrakSaNArtha taraha-taraha kI cintA karanA saMrakSaNAnanda raudradhyAna hai|" isa prakAra rodradhyAnI sarvadA apadhyAna meM lIna rahatA hai aura dUsare prANiyoM ko pIr3A pahu~cAne ke upAya socatA rahatA hai| phalataH vaha bhI 1. sattavaha-veha-baMdhaNa-DahaNakaNamAraNAipaNihANaM / aikohaggavatthaM nigdhiNamaNaso'hama vivAgaM / -dhyAnazataka, 19 2. asatyakalpanAjAlakazmalIkRtamAnasaH / ceSTate yajjanastaddhi mRSAraudraM prakIrtitam / / - jJAnArNava, 24 / 14 tathA Age 3. cauryopadezabAhulyaM cAturya cauryakarmaNi / yaccauryekarataM cetastaccauryAnandamiSyate / / -jJAnArNava, 24 // 22 4. jJAnArNava, 24 / 23-26 5. vahI, 24 / 28-29 tathA Age; dhyAnazataka, 22

Page #200
yoga ke sAdhana : dhyAna dUsaroM ke duHkha se pIr3ita hotA hai, aihika-pAralaukika bhaya se AtaMkita hotA hai, anukampA se rahita, nIca karmoM meM nirlajja evaM pApa meM Ananda manAnevAlA hotA hai|' isa dhyAna ko lezyAe~ kRSNa, nIla evaM kApota hotI haiM aura yaha paMcama guNasthAna paryanta hotA hai|' (i) dharmadhyAna yaha dhyAna saddhyAna mAnA gayA hai, kyoMki isa dhyAna se jIva kA rAgabhAva maMda hotA hai aura vaha Atmacintana kI ora pravRtta hotA hai| isa dRSTi se yaha dhyAna AtmavikAsa kA prathama caraNa hai| sthAnAMga meM isa dhyAna ko zruta, cAritra evaM dharma se yukta kahA hai| dharmadhyAna usake hotA hai, jo dasa dharmoM kA pAlana karatA hai, iMdriya-viSayoM se nivRtta hotA hai tathA prANiyoM kI dayA meM rata hotA hai| jJAnasAra meM kahA gayA hai ki zAstra-vAkyoM ke arthoM, dharmamArgaNAoM, vratoM, guptiyoM, samitiyoM, bhAvanAoM Adi kA cintana karanA dharmadhyAna hai| isa prakAra ise moha aura kSobha se rahita AtmA kA nija pariNAmI' mAnA gayA hai aura samyagdarzana, jJAna, cAritra rUpa dharma-cintana kA paryAya kahA gayA hai| dharmadhyAna ke svarUpa ko jAnane ke lie yogI ko dhyAtA, dhyeya, dhyAna, phala, dhyAna kA svAmI, jahA~ (dhyAna yogya kSetra) jaba (dhyAna yogya kAla) tathA jaise (dhyAna yogya avasthA) mudrAoM ko ThIka taraha se samajhanA 1. Avazyaka adhyayana, 4 2. dhyAnazataka, 25; jJAnArNava, 24 // 34 3. sthAnAMga, 4 / 247 * tattvArthAdhigamasUtram, svopajJabhASya, 9 / 29 5. sutattha dhamma maggaNavaya guttI samidi bhAvaNAINaM / jaM kIrai citavaNaM dhammajjhANaM ca iha bhaNiyaM // -jJAnasAra, 16 cAritaM khalu dhammo dhammo jo sau samo tti NiddiTTho / mohakkhohavihINo pariNAmo appaNo hu smo|| -pravacanasAra, 17; tathA tattvAnuzAsana, 52 7. sadRSTi-jJAna-vRttAni dharma dharmezvarA viduH / tasmAdyadanapetaM hi dhamyaM taddhyAnamabhyadhuH // -tattvAnuzAsana, 51

Page #201
170 jaina yoga kA AlocanAtmaka adhyayana caahie|' arthAt yogI ko iMdriyoM evaM manonigraha karanevAlI yathAvasthita vastu kA Alambana lete hue ekAgracita hokara dhyAna karanA cAhie / nirvighna dhyAna deza, kAla evaM paristhiti ke anusAra sampAdita hotA hai aura isake lie jJAna, darzana, cAritra, aura vairAgya apekSita hai, jinase sahajatayA mana ko sthira kiyA jAtA hai, karmoM ko rokA jAtA hai tathA vItarAgatA Adi gaNoM ko prApta kiyA jAtA hai| AcArya zabhacaMdra ne dharma-dhyAna kI siddhi ke lie maitrI, pramoda, kAruNya aura mAdhyastha ina cAra bhAvanAoM ke cintana para jora diyA hai| dhyAna ke vividha parikarmo ke varNana meM kahA gayA hai ki dhyAtA aisI jagaha kabhI dhyAna na kare jahA~ strI, paza, zUdra, prANI Adi hoN| vaha aise nirjana vana meM calA jAya, jahA~ kisI bhI prakAra kI bAdhA ko saMbhAvanA na ho aura vaha kisI bhI jagaha dina athavA rAtri ke samaya dhyAna ke lie baiTha jAya / yaha bhI nirdezita hai ki dhyAna kA Asana sukhadAyaka ho, jisase ki dhyAna kI maryAdA Tika ske| usa Asana se baiThakara, khar3e rahakara athavA leTakara bhI dhyAna kiyA jA sakatA hai| vaisI sthiti meM dRSTi sthira honI cAhie, zvAsa-prazvAsa kI gati maMda ho, iMdriyaviSayaka bAhya padArtho se alagAva ho aura sAdhaka nidrA, bhaya evaM Alasa se rahita hokara AtmA kA dhyAna kare / sAdhaka sabhI prakAra kI cintAoM se mukta hokara AtmasvarUpa meM lIna ho jaay| yaha vahIM saMbhava hai jahA~ zora, 1. dhyAtA dhyAnaM phalaM dhyeyaM yasya yatra yadA ythaa| ityetadatra boddhavyaM dhyAtukAmena yoginA // -vahI 37 2. vahI, 38-39 3. dhyAnazataka, 30-34 4. catasro bhAvanA dhanyAH purANapuruSAzritAH / maitryAdayazciraM citte vidheyA dharmasiddhaye // -jJAnArNava, 25 / 4 5. tattvAnuzAsana, 90-95 6. kAlo'vi socciya jahiM jogasamAhANamuttamaM lahai / nau divasa nisAvelAiniyamaNaM jhAiNo bhaNiyaM // -dhyAnazataka, 38 7. jacciya dehAvatthA jiyANa jhANoparohiNI hoi / jhAijjA tadavattho Thio nisaNNo nivaNNo ca // -vahI, 39 .

Page #202
yoga ke sAdhana : dhyAna jhagar3A, dUSita vAtAvaraNa na ho aura aisA sthAna nirjana, pahAr3a, guphA Adi hI ho sakatA hai| isa dhyAna ke saMdarbha meM AjJAruci, nisarga-ruci, sUtraruci evaM avagAr3haruci ina cAra liMgoM ke sAtha hI sAtha vAcanA, pRcchanA, parivartanA, anuprekSA, sAmAyika, saddharma-viSayaka AlambanoM kA bhI vidhAna hai| isa dhyAna ke adhikArI ve hI haiM, jo samyakdRSTi, avirati, pramatta aura apramatta guNa-sthAnavartI haiN| isa dhyAna kI lezyAe~5 pIta, padma aura zukla kahI gayI haiN| kyoMki pahale do dhyAnoM kI apekSA isa dhyAna meM jIva kA svabhAva sarala aura usake pariNAma mandakaSAyI aura mandatarakaSAyI hote haiM / dharmadhyAna meM lIna jIva AtmavikAsa meM drutagati se agrasara hote haiN| mAnasika caMcalatA ke kAraNa sAdhaka kA mana ekAeka sthira nahIM ho pAtA, ataH sAdhaka ko cAhie ki vaha sthUla vastu kA Alambana lekara hI sUkSma vastu kI ora bddh'e| dhyAna meM Asaktivaza bAra-bAra unhIM bAtoM kI yAda AtI rahatI hai jo jIvana meM ghaTita huI hoN| yahA~ yaha bhI ullekhanIya hai ki Alambana ke AdhAra para dharmadhyAna cAra prakAra kA hai-(1) AjJAvicaya, (3) apAyavicaya, (3) vipAkavicaya tathA (4) sNsthaanvicy| 'vicaya' zabda kA artha cintana karanA hai| 1. rAgAdivAgurAjAlaM nikRtyAcintyavikramaH / sthAnamAzrayate dhanyo vivikta dhyAnasiddhaye // -jJAnArNava, 2520 2. sthAnAMga, 4 / 247; abhidhAnarAjendrakoza, bhA0 4, pR0 1663 3. sthAnAMga, 4 // 247; dhyAnazataka, 42 4. apramattaH pramattazca sadRSTirdezasaMyataH / dharmadhyAnasya catvArastattvArthe svAminaH smRtAH / / -tattvAnuzAsana, 46; jJAnArNava, 26 / 28 hoMti kamavisuddhAo lesAo piiy-pmh-sukkaao| dhammajjhANovagayassa tivva-maMdAibheyAo / / - dhyAnazataka, 66 6. AjJApAyavipAkAnAM saMsthAnasya ca cintanAt / itthaM vA dhyeya-bhedena dharma-dhyAnaM caturvidham ||-yogshaastr, 1017 -jJAnArNava, 3015; tattvAnuzAsana, 98.

Page #203
jaina yoga kA AlocanAtmaka adhyayana (1) AjJAvicaya - isa dhyAna meM tIrthaMkarakathita upadezoM kA ciMtana kiyA jAtA hai, ataH sarvajJa hone ke kAraNa tIrthaMkara ke tattvopadeza meM kisI bhI prakAra kI truTi nahIM hotI, tarka se bAdhita nahIM hotA, asatya nahIM hotA / " isa prakAra isa dhyAna meM mukhyataH Apta-vacanoM kA Alambana liyA jAtA hai aura mana ko kramazaH sUkSma kI ora le jAyA jAtA hai / 172 (2) apAyavicaya -- isa dhyAna meM karma - nAza kA tathA Atmasiddhi kI "prApti ke upAya kA cintana kiyA jAtA hai / dUsare zabdoM meM rAgadveSadi kaSAya tathA pramAda dvArA utpanna honevAle kaSToM, durgatiyoM Adi kA manana karanA apAyavicaya dharma-dhyAna hai / * (3) vipAka viSaya - 'vipAka' zabda karmoM ke zubha-azubha phala ke udaya - kA dyotaka hai / ataH karmoM kI vicitratA kA cintana karanA athavA karma- phala ke kSaNa-kSaNa meM udita hone kI prakriyAoM ke bAre meM vicAra karanA vipAka - vitraya dharmadhyAna hai / isa dhyAna meM dravya kSetra kAla-bhAva kI * dRSTi se cintana kiyA jAtA hai ki udaya, udIraNA kaise aura kisa kAraNa - se hotI hai tathA unako kaise naSTa kiyA jA sakatA hai / (4) saMsthAna - vicaya - anAdi anaMta kAla se, avyAhata rUpa se jo 1. (ka) AjJAyatrapuraskRtya sarvajJAnAmabAdhitam / tattvatazcintayardathastadAjJA-dhyAnamucyate // sarvajJavacanaM sUkSmaM hanyate yanna hetubhiH / tadAjJArUpamAdeyaM na mRSAbhASiNo jinAH // - yogazAstra, 10 / 8-9 (kha) dekheM jJAnArNava, adhyAya 30 / 1. ityupAyairvinizcayo mArgAccyavanalakSaNaH / karmaNAM ca tathApAya upAyaH svAtmasiddhaye // - jJAnArNava, 31 / 16 2. sagadveSakaSAyAdyairjAyamAnAn vicintayet / yatra pAyAMstadupAya-vicaya-dhyAnamiSyate 11 3. yogazAstra, 10 / 10 (ka) sa vipAka iti jJeyo yaH svakarmaphalodayaH / pratikSaNasamudbhUtazcitrarUpaH zarIriNAm // - jJAnArNava, 321; tathA (kha) dekheM, jJAnArNava, adhyAya 32 / - yogazAstra, 10 / 14

Page #204
yoga ke sAdhana : dhyAna 173 astitva meM hai. usa jagat kA dhyAna karanA saMsthAna-vicaya dharmadhyAna hai / 1 vastutaH yaha jagat utpAda, vyaya aura dhrauvya yukta hai / paryAya kI dRSTi se padArthoM kA utpAda aura vyaya hotA rahatA hai, lekina dravya kI dRSTi se padArtha nitya hI rahatA hai / ataH isa dhyAna se saMsAra kI nitya-anitya paryAyoM kA cintana hone se vairAgya kI bhAvanA dRr3ha hotI hai aura sAdhaka zubha AtmasvarUpa kA anubhava karane kI koziza karatA hai / kisI bhI sAdhaka kA dhyAna ekAeka nirAlamba meM nahIM laga pAtA, isalie sthUla iMdriyagocara padArthoM se sUkSma, iMdriyoM ke agocara padArtho kA cintana karanA Avazyaka mAnA gayA hai / Alambana kA hI dUsarA nAma 'dhyeya' hai / dhyeya ke cAra bheda haiM- (1) piNDastha, (2) padastha, (3) rUpastha, (4) aura rUpAtIta | 3 (1) piNDastha dhyAna - piNDa arthAt zarIra / isakA tAtparya hai zarIra ke vibhinna bhAgoM para mana ko kedrita karanA / yogazAstra tayA jJAnArNava ke anusAra isake pA~ca bheda haiM- (ka) pArthivI, (kha) Agneya, (ga) mArutI, (gha) vAruNI aura (ca) tattvavatI / ina pAMca dhAraNAoM ke mAdhyama se uttarottara Atma- kendra para dhyAnastha honA / 1. ( ka ) anAdyanaMtasya lokasya sthityutpattivyayAtmanaH / AkRti cintayedyatra saMsthAnavicayaH sa tu // (kha) dekheM jJAnArNava, adhyAya 33 2. (ka) sthUle vA yadi vA sUkSme sAkAre vA nirAkRte / dhyAnaM dhyAyeta sthiraM cittaM eka pratyaya saMgate // - yogapradIpa, 139 (kha) alakSyaM lakSya sambandhAt sthUlAt sUkSmaM vicintayet / sAlaMbAcca nirAlambaM tattvavittattvamaMjasA // - jJAnArNava, 3014 3. piNDasthaM ca padasthaM rUpasthaM rUpavarjitam / caturdhA dhyeyamAmnAtaM dhyAnasyAlambanaM budhaiH // - yogazAstra, 718; yogasAra, 98; jJAnArNava, 34 / 1 4. ( ka ) pArthivI syAdathAgneyI mArutI vAruNI tathA / tattvabhUH paMcamI ceti piNDasthe paMca dhAraNA // - yogazAstra, 719 (kha) pArthivI syAttathAgneyI zvasanAkhyAtha vAruNI / tattvarUpavatI ceti vijJeyAstA - yogazAstra, 10114 yathAkramam // - jJAnArNava, 343

Page #205
174 jaina yoga kA mAlocanAtmaka adhyayana (ka) pArthivI-sarvaprathama sAdhaka pArthivI dhAraNA ke dvArA cintana karatA hai ki madhyaloka ke barAbara niHzabda, kallolarahita evaM sapheda kSIra-samudra hai, usameM jambU-dvIpa ke barAbara eka lAkha yojanavAlA tathA hajAra paMkhur3I se yukta kamala hai, usa kamala ke madhya meM aneka kesara haiN| una kesaroM meM daidIpyamAna prabhA se yukta meruparvata ke barAbara eka U~cI kaNikA hai, usa para eka siMhAsana hai tathA usameM baiThakara karmoM kA unmalana karane meM AtmA kA cintavana isa prakAra kare ki yaha rAgadveSAdi samasta karmo kA kSaya karane meM samartha hai| isa prakAra isa dhyAna meM prathamataH bar3I cIjoM ko lAne ke bAda sUkSma vastu kI ora dhyAna keMdrita kiyA jAtA hai, jisase samasta cintAoM para eka jagaha roka laga jAtI hai| (kha) Agneyo dhAraNA-isa dhAraNA ke viSaya meM kahA gayA hai ki yogI apane nAbhi-maNDala meM solaha paMkhaDIvAle kamala kA dhyAna kare aura usake bAda usa kamala kI kaNikA para aha~ mahAmaMtra kI sthApanA karake usa para kramazaH solaha svaroM ko sthApita kre| phira aisA cintana kare ki usa mahAmaMtra se dhuMAM nikala rahA hai tathA agni kI jvAlAe~ Upara uTha rahI haiM / isake bAda hRdaya meM ATha paMkhur3I se yukta adhomukha kamala kI arthAt aSTakarmo kI kalpanA kare / nAbhiSTa kamala se uThI huI prabala agni se vaha karma naSTa ho rahe haiM tathA 'ra' se vyApta hAsiyA cihna se yukta dhUma-rahita agni kA cintana kre| tatpazcAt cintana kare ki deha evaM karmo ko dagdha karake agnidAhya kA abhAva hone ke kAraNa dhIre-dhIre vaha zAnta ho rahA hai| (ga) vAyavI dhAraNA-isa dhAraNA ke antargata sAdhaka cintana karatA hai ki loka meM mahAbalavAn vAyumaNDala cala rahA hai aura vaha AgneyI dhAraNA meM deha evaM kamala ko jalAne ke bAda bacI huI rAkha ko ur3A rahA hai| isa prakAra pracaNDa vAyu ke cintanapUrvaka use zAnta karanA vAyavI dhAraNA hai| jJAnArNava, 34 / 4-9 1. yogazAstra, 7.10.12, yogapradIpa, 20, 405-8; 2. jJAnArNava, 34 / 10-19; yogazAstra, 7 / 13-18 3. jJAnArNava 34 / 20-23; yogazAstra, 719-20

Page #206
yoga ke sAdhana : dhyAna ... 175 (gha) vAruNI dhAraNA'-isa dhAraNA ke antargata sAdhaka cintana karatA hai ki megha-samUha se amRta kI varSA ho rahI hai tathA candrAkAra kalA-bindu se yukta eka varuNa-bIja hai tathA vAyavI dhAraNA ke dvArA jisa pavana vega se rAkha ur3A dI gayo thI, vaha isa amRta-jala se sApha dhula gayI hai| isa prakAra amRta-varSA kA cintana karanA vAruNI dhAraNA hai| (ca) tattvavatI athavA tattvabhU dhAraNA-isake antargata sapta dhAtuoM se rahita, caMdramA ke samAna ujjvala tathA sarvajJa ke samAna zuddha AtmasvarUpa kA cintana kiyA jAtA hai| isake bAda siMhAsanastha ArUDha aSTa karmo kA unmalana karanevAlA, mahimA se maMDita nirAkAra AtmA kA cintana kiyA jAtA hai| - isa prakAra caturvidha dhAraNAoM se yukta piNDastha dhyAna kA abhyAsa karane se dhyAtA ko maMtra, mAyA, zakti, jAdU, stambhana Adi se nukasAna nahIM hotA hai aura na duSTa evaM hiMsra prANiyoM se hI usakA koI bigAr3a hotA hai| prathama dhAraNA se mana ko sthira kiyA jAtA hai, dUsarI se zarIra-karma ko naSTa karake mana ko rokA jAtA hai, tatoya se zarIra-karma ke saMbaMdha ko bhinna dekhA jAtA hai aura caturtha se zeSa karma kA naSTa honA dekhA jAtA hai aura paMcama se zarIra evaM karma se rahita zuddha AtmA kA cintana kiyA jAtA hai| isa prakAra isa dhyAna meM yogI kramazaH mana ko sthira karatA huA zukladhyAna meM praveza karane kI sthiti meM pahu~catA hai aura cit svarUpa kI prApti meM samartha hotA hai| (2) padastha dhyAna--isa dhyAna ke dvArA sAdhaka apane ko bAra-bAra eka hI kendra para sthira karatA hai aura mana ko anya viSayoM se parAvRtta karake kevala sUkSma vastu ko dhyAna kA viSaya banAtA hai / apanI ruci tathA abhyAsa ke anusAra pavitra maMtrAkSara-padoM kA avalambana karake jo dhyAna kiyA jAtA hai, vaha padastha dhyAna hai, kyoMki padastha dhyAna kA artha hI hai-padoM ( akSaroM ) para dhyAna kendrita krnaa| isa dhyAna kA mukhya Alambana zabda haiM, kyoMki akArAdi svara tathA kakArAdi vyaMjana se hI 1. jJAnArNava, 34 / 24-27; yogazAstra, 7 / 21-22 2. vahI, 34 / 28-30; vahI, 7 / 23-25 3. yogazAstra, 7 / 26-28; jJAnArNava, 34 / 33

Page #207
176 jaina yoga kA AlocanAtmaka adhyayana zabdoM kI utpatti hotI hai / isalie isa dhyAna ko varNa-mAtRkA kA dhyAna bhI kahate haiM, jo pA~ca prakAra se niSpanna hote haiM akSara-dhyAna ke dvArA zarIra ke tIna kendroM arthAt nAbhi-kamala, hRdaya-kamala tathA mukha - kamala kI kalpanA kI jAtI hai aura nAbhi-kamala meM solaha patroMvAle kamala kI sthApanA karake usameM a, A Adi solaha svaroM kA dhyAna karane kA vidhAna hai; hRdayakamala meM karNikA evaM patroM sahita caubIsa dalavAle kamala kI kalpanA karake usa para ina ka, kha, ga, gha, Adi 25 varNoM kA dhyAna karane kA vidhAna hai tathA aSTa patroM se suzobhita mukha-kamala ke Upara pradakSiNa krama se vicAra karate hue pratyeka ya, ra, la, va, za, Sa, sa, ha, ina ATha varNoM kA dhyAna karane kA vidhAna hai / isa prakAra niraMtara dhyAna karanevAlA yogI sampUrNa zruta kA jJAtA ho jAtA hai - vigatabhrama ho jAtA hai| zrutajJAnI hokara mokSa kA adhikArI banatA hai / maMtra va varNoM ke dhyAna meM samasta padoM kA svAmI 'ahaM' mAnA gayA hai, jo repha se yukta, kalA evaM vindu se AkrAnta anAhata sahita maMtrarAja hai / isa dhyAna ke viSaya meM batAyA gayA hai ki sAdhaka ko eka suvarNamaya 1. padAnyAlambya puNyAni yogibhiryadvidhIyate / tatpadasthaM mataM dhyAnaM vicitranayapAragaiH // dhyAyedanAdisiddhAntaprasiddhAM varNamAtRkAm / niHzeSazabda - vinyAsa - janmabhUmi jagannatAm / jJAnArgava, 3511-2 2. dviguNASTadalAmbhoje nAbhimaNDalavartini / bhramantI cintayed dhyAnI pratipatram svarAvalIm || caturviMzati- patrADhyaM hRdi kaMjaM sakaNikam | tatra varNAnimAndhyAyet saMyamI paMcavizatim // tato vadanarAjIve patrASTaka vibhUSite / paraM varNASTakaM dhyAyetsaMcarantaM pradakSiNam // - vahI, 35 / 3-5 3. jJAnArNava, 35/6 4. atha mantrapadAdhIzaM AdimadhyAntabhedena sarvatattvaikanAyakam / svaravyaMjanasambhavam //

Page #208
yoga ke sAdhana : dhyAna 177 kamala kI kalpanA karake usake madhya meM kaNikA para virAjamAna, niSkalaMka, nirmala caMdra kI kiraNoM jaise, AkAzagAmI evaM saMpUrNa dizAoM meM vyApta 'ahaM' maMtra kA smaraNa karanA caahie| tatpazcAt mukhakamala meM praveza karate hue, pravalayoM meM bhramaNa karate hue netrapalakoM para sphurita hote hue bhAla-maNDala meM sthira hote hue tAlurandhra se bAhara nikalate hue, amRta kI varSA karate hue, ujjvala caMdramA ke sAtha spardhA karate hue, jyotirmaNDala meM bhramaNa karate hue, AkAza meM saMcaraNa karate hue tathA mokSa ke sAtha milApa karate hue sampUrNa avayavoM meM vyApta kumbhaka ke dvArA isa maMtrarAja kA cintana karanA caahie|' isa prakAra isa maMtrarAja kI sthApanA dvArA mana ko kramazaH sUkSmatA kI ora 'ahaM' maMtra para keMdrita kiyA jAtA hai arthAt alakSya meM apane * ko sthira karane para sAdhaka ke antaraMga meM eka aisI jyoti prakaTa hotI hai, jo akSaya tathA iMdriya ke agocara hotI hai / 2 isI jyoti kA nAma Atmajyoti hai tathA isI se sAdhaka ko AtmajJAna kI prApti hotI hai| praNava nAmaka dhyAna meM 'OM' pada kA dhyAna kiyA jAtA hai| isa dhyAna kA sAdhaka yogI sarvaprathama hRdaya-kamala meM sthita kaNikA meM isa pada kI sthApanA karatA hai tathA vacana-vilAsa kI utpatti ke advitIya kAraNa, svara tathA vyaMjana se yukta, paMcaparameSThI ke vAcaka, mUrdhA meM sthita caMdrakalA se jharanevAle amRta ke rasa se sarAbora mahAmaMtra praNava 'OM' kumbhaka karake dhyAna kiyA jAtA hai| isakI vizeSatA yaha hai ki ___ adhiorephasaMruddhaM sakalaM bindulAJchitam / anAhatayutaM tattvaM maMtrarAjaM pracakSate // -jJAnArNava, 3517-8 . 1. yogazAstra, 8118-22; jJAnArNava, 35 / 10 va 16-19 2. tataH pracyAvya lakSyebhya alakSye nizcalaM mnH| dadhato 'sya sphurtyntyotirtykssmkssym // -jJAnArNava, 35 / 30 3. (ka) tathAhRtpadmamadhyasthaM zabdabrahma kakAraNam / svara vyaMjana-saMvItaM vAcakaM prmesstthinH|| mUrdha-saMsthita-zItAMzu kalAmRtarasa-plutam / kumbhakena mahAmaMtraM praNavaM paricintayet ||-yogshaastr, 829-30, (kha) dekheM, jJAnArNava, 35133-35 .12

Page #209
178 jaina yoga kA AlocanAtmaka adhyayana yaha stambhana kArya meM pIta, vazIkaraNa meM lAla, zobhita avasthA meM mage ke samAna, dveSa meM kRSNa, karmanAzaka avasthA meM caMdramA ke samAna ujjvala varNa kA hotA hai| isa prakAra yaha praNava-dhyAna pada se bane 'OM' zabda kA hotA hai, jisako lakSya karake sAdhaka AtmavikAsa kI ora bar3hatA hai / isa dhyAna se aneka prakAra kI zaktiyoM evaM Atmabala kI vRddhi hotI hai aura sAtha hI karmakSaya bhI hotA hai / paMcamarameSThI nAmaka dhyAna meM prathama hRdaya meM ATha paMkhur3IvAle kamala kI sthApanA karake kaNikA ke madhya meM "saptAkSara arahatANa' pada kA cintana kiyA jAtA hai| tatpazcAt cAroM dizAoM meM cAra patroM para kramazaH 'Namo siddhANaM, Namo AyariyANaM, Namo uvajjhAyANaM tathA Namo loe savvasAhaNaM' kA dhyAna kiyA jAtA hai tathA cAra vidizAoM ke patroM para kramazaH 'eso paMcaNamukkAro savvapAvappaNAsaNo, maMgalANaM ca savvesiM paDhamaM havai maMgala' kA dhyAna kiyA jAtA hai / zubhacaMdra ke matAnusAra pUrvAdi cAra dizAoM meM to Namo arahatANaM Adi kA tathA cAra vidizAoM kramazaH 'samyagdarzanAya namaH, samyagjJAnAya namaH, samyakcAritrAya namaH tathA samyak tapase namaH' kA smaraNa kiyA jAtA hai| sAdhaka inhIM para apanI sampUrNa bhAvanAoM ko ekAgra karake Atma-siddhi meM saMlagna hotA hai| inake atirikta kucha aise bhI maMtra haiM, jinakA nitya japa karane se manovyAdhiyoM kI zAnti hotI hai, kaSToM kA parihAra hotA hai tathA karmoM kA Asrava ruka jAtA hai| solaha akSaroM se yukta maMtra ko SoDazAkSara 1. pItastambhe'ruNaM vazye kSobhaNe vidrumaprabham / kRSNaM vidveSaNe dhyAyet karmaghAte zaziprabham // --yogazAstra, 8131 2. aSTapatre sitAmbhoje kaNikAyAM kRtasthitim / AdyaM saptAkSaraM mantraM pavitraM cintayettataH / / siddhAdika-catuSkaM ca dikapatreSu yathAkramam / cUlApAda-catuSkaM ca vidikpatreSu cintayet / / -vahI, 8133-34 3. digdaleSu tato nyeSu vidikpatreSvanukramAt / siddhAdikacatuSkaM ca dRSTibodhAdikaM tathA // -jJAnArNava, 35 / 42

Page #210
yoga ke sAdhana : dhyAna 179 vidyA kahA hai, kyoMki yaha paMcapadoM tathA paMcaparameSThI ke nAma se banA hai| SoDazAkSara maMtra hai--'arhatsiddhAcAryopAdhyAyasarvasAdhubhyo namaH' / cha: akSara kA japa hai-'arihaMta siddha' / cAra akSaravAlA hai-'arihNt'| do akSaroM kA hai 'siddha' evaM eka akSara kA hai 'a'|' ina maMtroM kA japa pavitra mana se karanA cAhie, kyoMki samasta. karmo ko dagdha karane kI zakti prApta hotI hai / isI taraha 'U~, hrAM hrIM, hUM, hrI, ha~:' 'asiAusA namaH' isa paMcAkSaramayI vidyA kA japa karane se sAdhaka saMsAra ke baMdhana arthAt karmagraMthiyoM ko tor3a detA hai aura ekAgracitta se maMgala, uttama aura zaraNa padoM kA japa karatA huA mokSa prApta karatA hai / 'kSvoM' vidyA kA japa karane kA bhI vidhAna hai, jise bhAla-pradeza para sthira karake ekAgra mana se cintanamanana karane se kalyANa hotA hai| isa prakAra sAdhaka ko kabhI lalATa para 'kSvIM' vidyA kA, to nAsAna para praNava OM kA tathA kabhI zUnya athavA anAhata" kA abhyAsa karanA caahie| isa prakAra ke dhyAna se aneka siddhiyA~ prApta hotI haiM tathA nirmala jJAna kA udaya hotA hai / / isa prakAra padastha dhyAna meM citta ko sthira karane ke lie padoM (bIjAkSaroM, maMtrAkSaroM) kA Alambana liyA jAtA hai, aura AtmasamIpa 1. vahI, 35150-54 2. paMcavarNamayI paMcatattvA vidyoddhRtA zrutAm / abhyasyamAnA satataM bhavaklezaM nirasyati / / -yogazAstra, 8141 3. maMgalottama-zaraNa-padAnyavyagra-mAnasaH / catuzramAzramANyeva smaran mokSam prapadyate // -vahI, 8142 4. vidyAkSvA iti mAlasthAM dhyAyetkalyANakArakam / -vahI, 8 / 57 5. anAhata zabda 9 akSaroM se milakara banA huA hai --yathA (1) OMkAra; (2) anusvAra, (3) IkAra, (4) Urdhvarepha, (5) hakAra, (6) hakAra, (7) nimna repha, (8) anusvAra aura (9) IkAra / OMbindrAkAraharIddhavA rephabindvAnavAkSaram / mAlAdhaH syandi pIyUSabindu viduranAhatam // -jJAnArNava, pR0 2 6. nAsAgne praNavaH zUnyamanAhatamiti trayam / dhyAyan guNASTakaM labdhvA jJAnamApnoti nirmalam // -yogazAstra, 8 / 60

Page #211
180 jaina yoga kA AlocanAtmaka adhyayana le jAnevAlI japavidhiyoM kA abhyAsa kiyA jAtA hai| japavidhiyoM se vibhinna labdhiyAM bhI prApta hotI haiM, jinase sAdhaka ko dUra rahanA cAhie; kyoMki unakA lakSya citta ko zuddha aura ekAgra karanA hai, na ki jAdUTonA karanA / vastutaH yogI sAMsArika prapaMcoM se rahita hotA hai, isalie usake dhyAna kI zuddhi avazya hotI hai| lekina jo rAgadveSAdi se mohita hokara use dUra karane ke vicAra se dhyAna karatA hai, usako siddhiyAM prApta nahIM hotii|' isa dhyAna ke dvArA yogI indriyalolupatA se rahita sthiramana, niroga, udAraantaHkaraNa, zarIra se gaMdhayukta malamUtrAdi kama karane vAlA tathA mitabhASI hotA hai| (3) rUpastha dhyAna-isa dhyAna meM sAdhaka apane mana ko tIrthaMkara athavA sarvajJadeva para kendrita karatA hai arthAt tIrthaMkara ke guNoM evaM Adarzo' ko apane samakSa lAtA hai athavA unheM apane meM Aropita karake mana ko sthira karatA hai| arahaMta bhagavAn ke svarUpa kA aklambana karake kiyA jAnevAlA dhyAna rUpastha dhyAna kahalAtA hai| rUpastha dhyAna kA sAdhaka rAgadveSAdi vikAroM se rahita, zAntakAntAdi samasta guNoM se yukta, tathA yogamudrA bahAne vAlA, atizaya guNoM se yukta jinendradeva kI pratimA kA nirmala citta se dhyAna karanevAlA hotA hai| aisA yogI vItarAga hokara karmoM se mukta hotA hai, anyathA rAgI kA dhyAna karane se vaha svayaM rAgI bana jAtA hai, kyoMki AtmA 1. vItarAgasya vijJeyA dhyAnasiddhirdhavaM muneH / kleza eva tadartha syAdrAgArtasyeha dehinaH / / - jJAnArNava, 35 / 115 2. alaulyamArogyamaniSThuratvaM gandhaH zubho mUtrapurISamalpam / kAntiH prasAdaH svarasaumyatA ca yogapravRtteH prathamaM hi cihnam // -jJAnArNava meM uddhRta, 38 / 13 (1) 3. arhato rUpamAlambya dhyAnaM ruupsthmucyte| -yogazAstra, 97 4. yogazAstra, 9 / 8-10; jJAnArNava, adhyAya 36 5. vItarAgo vimucyeta vItarAgaM vicintayan / rAgiNaM tu samAlambya rAgI syAt kSobhaNAdikRt / -yogazAstra, 9:13

Page #212
yoga ke sAdhana : dhyAna 181 ke pariNAma jina-jina bhAvoM se yukta hote haiM, unhIM ke anurUpa ve pariNata ho jAte haiN| (4) rUpAtIta dhyAna-rUpAtIta dhyAna kA artha hai rUpa-raMga se atIta niraMjana, nirAkAra, jJAnazarIrI AnandasvarUpa smaraNa karanA / 2 isa avasthA meM dhyAtA aura dhyeya ekarUpa ho jAte haiM / ata: isa avasthA ko samarasIbhAva bhI kahA gayA hai / / . isa taraha piNDastha, padastha, rUpastha tathA rUpAtIta dhyAnoM dvArA kramazaH zarIra, akSara, sarvajJadeva tathA siddhAtmA kA ciMtana kiyA jAtA hai; kyoMki sthUla dhyeyoM ke bAda kramazaH sUkSma aura sUkSmatara dhyeya kA dhyAna karane se mana meM sthiratA AtI hai aura dhyAtA evaM dhyeya meM koI antara nahIM raha jaataa| dharmadhyAna ke ina bheda-prabhedoM ke mAdhyama se yogI dhyAna kI sthiratA ko prApta karane meM samartha hotA hai aura usakA citta kisI eka hI dhyeya meM kendrita ho jAtA hai| vaisI sthiti meM yogI zarIrAdika parigrahoM evaM indriyAdika viSayoM se sarvathA nivRtta ho jAtA hai aura ekAgra hokara AtmA meM avasthita ho jAtA hai / arthAt dharmadhyAna meM yogI bAhyAbhyantara parigraha kA tyAga karake bAhya vastu kA Alambana lekara Atma-samIpastha hone ke lie prayatnazIla hotA hai| lekina yaha dhyAna sabhI manuSya nahIM kara sakate, apitu ve hI ( yogI ) kara sakate haiM jo bhale hI prANoM kA tyAga karanA par3e, lekina saMyama se cyuta na hoM, anya jovoM ke sukhaduHkha ko apane sukha-duHkha jaisA samajheM, paroSaha-jayI hoM, mumukSu hoM, rAgadveSAdi kaSAyoM-duSpravRttiyoM evaM kAmavAsanAoM se mukta hoM, zatru-mitra, 1. yena yena hi bhAvena yujyate yaMtravAhakaH / -vahI, 9 / 14 2. (ka) cidAnandamayaM zuddhamamUrtaM jJAnavigraham / ___ smaredyatrAtmanAtmAnaM tadrUpAtItamiSyate // -jJAnArNava, 37:16 (kha) yogazAstra, 1011 3. yogazAstra, 10 // 3-4 4. atikramya zarIrAdisaMgAnAtmanyavasthitaH / naivAkSamanasoryogaM karotyaikAgratAM zritaH // -jJAnArNava, 3809

Page #213
182 jaina yoga kA AlocanAtmaka adhyayana nindA-stuti Adi meM samatAbhAva dhAraNa karanevAle hoM, paropakArI hoM aura prazastabuddhi hoN| ___ zukladhyAna dharmadhyAnapUrvaka hI hotA hai| isalie dharmadhyAna ko yogasAdhanA kA prathama sopAna mAnA gayA hai, kyoMki AtmA ke zuddha, jJAnasvarUpa ko tabhI jAnA jA sakatA hai jaba yogI kaSAyoM, indriyAdi vAsanAoM tathA karmo kA sarvathA upazamana dharmadhyAna dvArA kara letA hai| ataH dharmadhyAna ke antargata yogI dhyAna ke vibhinna sAdhanoM jaise japa, mantra, vidyAoM kA sahArA lekara, vratoM ke samyak AcaraNa se sthUla vastuoM ko dhyAna meM rakhate hue sUkSma tatva kI ora gati karatA hai / isa prakAra dharmadhyAna se mana kI sthiratA, pavitratA evaM nirmalatA prApta hotI hai aura Atma-jJAna kI upalabdhi se yogI AtmA meM tadAkAra ho jAtA hai, jahA~ zukladhyAna kI sthiti hai / isa dRSTi se dharmadhyAna AtmaprApti kI bhUmikA upasthita karatA hai| (i) zukladhyAna __AtmA kI atyanta vizuddhAvasthA ko zukladhyAna kahA gayA hai| vastutaH isa dhyAna se mana kI ekAgratA ke kAraNa AtmA meM parama vizuddhatA AtI hai aura kaSAyoM, rAgabhAvoM athavA karmo kA sarvathA parihAra ho jAtA hai| samavAyAMga ke anusAra zruta ke AdhAra se mana kI Atyantika sthiratA evaM yoga kA nirodha zukladhyAna hai / ' sthAnAMgasUtra meM zukladhyAna ke prakAra, lakSaNa, Alambana tathA anuprekSAoM kA nirUpaNa hai|' zukladhyAna kaSAyoM ke sarvathA upazAMta hone para hotA hai tathA citta, kriyA aura indriyoM se rahita hokara dhyAna-dhAraNA ke vikalpa se bhI mukta hotA hai / yaha dhyAna dharmadhyAna kI bhUmikA ke bAda prArambha 1. yogazAstra, 72-7 . 2. samavAyAMga, 4 / 3. sthAnAMga, adhyayana 4, sUtra 69-72 (jaina vizvabhAratI dvArA prakAzita) 4. kaSAyamalavizleSAtprazamAdvA prasUyate / / yataH puMsAmatastajjaiH zuklamuvataM niruktikam // -jJAnArNava, 39 / 5 niSkriya karaNAtItaM dhyAnadhAraNavarjitam / antarmukhaM ca yaccittaM tacchuklamiti paThyate // - -jJAnArNava meM uddhRta, 39 / 4 (1))

Page #214
yoga ke sAdhana : dhyAna 183 hotA hai / isa dhyAna kI prakriyA ke lie kisI bAhya dhyeya kI apekSA nahIM hotI, kyoMki isa avasthA taka pahu~cane para mana itanA sthira ho gayA hotA hai ki use AtmA ke atirikta dUsarI kucha bhI dikhAI nahIM detA / isa dhyAna ke cAra Alambana haiM- kSamA, mArdava, Arjava evaM mukti | zukladhyAna mukti prApti kA setu hai, isalie yogI ko rUpAtIta evaM nirAkAra AtmA kA dhyAna karane ke lie kahA gayA hai / " yaha dhyAna karane meM ve hI samartha haiM, jinhoMne samatAbhAva kI vRddhi kara lI hai aura jo vajraRSabhanArAcasaMhanana vAle arthAt svastha zarIravAle evaM zrutadhArI yogI haiM / * zukladhyAna ke cAra prakAra haiM" - (a) pRthakatvazruta savicAra, (A) ekatva zrutaavicAra, (i) sUkSmakriyApratipatti aura (I) utsanna- kriyApratipati / ina cAra prakAroM meM yoga kI apekSA se jIva kI taratamatA darzita hai, kyoMki jIva sampUrNa yoga kA nirodha ekasAtha nahIM kara sakatA, dhIre-dhIre kramazaH karatA hai / ataH prathama do prakAra chadmastha arthAt alpajJAniyoM ke lie vihita haiM, kyoMki unameM zrutajJAnapUrvaka padArthoM kA avalambana hotA hai tathA zeSa do prakAra kaSAyoM se pUrNataH rahita hone ke kAraNa kevalajJAnI ke lie nirdezita haiM, kyoMki yaha dhyAna pUrNataH sarvajJa 1. ( ka ) ahakheti - maddava 'jjava muttIo jiNamayappahANAo / AlaMbaNAI jehi sukkajhANaM samAruhai || -- dhyAnazataka, 69; bhagavatIzataka, 25/7 (kha) khaMtI, muttI, ajjave, maddave / -- sthAnAMga, adhyayana 4 2. mukti zrIparamAnaMdadhyAnenAnena yoginA / rupAtItaM nirAkAraM dhyAnaM dhyeyaM tato'nizaM // - yogapradIpa, 107 3. eeyA pagAreNaM jAyai sAmAiyassa suddhi ti / tatto sukkajjhANaM kameNa taha kevalaM caiva // - yogazataka, 90 4. idamAdi- saMhananA evAlaM pUrvavedinaH kartum / sthiratAM na yAti cittaM kathamapi yatsvalpa sattvAnAm // - yogazAstra, 11 12 - yogazAstra, 115 5. jJeyaM nAnAtvazrutavicAramaikya zrutAvicAraM ca / sUkSma kriyamutsanna kriyAmiti bhedaizcaturdhA tat /

Page #215
184 jaina yoga kA AlocanAtmaka adhyayana ke hI nirAlambapUrvaka hotA hai| isa sandarbha meM anekapana arthAt vibhinatA ko pRthakatva kahA gayA hai tathA zAstravihita jJAna ko vitta, ardhavyaJjana evaM yoga ke saMkramaNa ko vicAra kahA hai / prathama do dhyAnoM meM zruta kA avalambana hone ke kAraNa sAdhaka kA mana eka hI Alambana meM sthira hote hue bhI, artha-vyaJjanAdi se saMkramita hotA rahatA hai / yahA~ eka padArtha se dUsare padArtha meM sthira honA arthasaMkrAnti aura eka vyaJjana se dUsare vyaMjana meM sthira honA vyaMjanasaMkrAMti tathA usI prakAra eka yoga se dUsare yoga meM gamana karanA yoga-saMkrAMti hai / isa prakAra prathama do dhyAnoM meM eka artha se dUsare artha meM, eka zabda se dUsare zabda meM aura eka yoga se dUsare yoga meM Azraya lekara cintana kiyA jAtA hai, yadyapi tInoM ke cintana karane kA viSaya eka hI hotA hai / (a) pRthakatva zruta-sa vicAra ( pRthakatva - vitarkasavicAra ) - isa dhyAna meM pRthak-pRthak rUpa se zruta kA vicAra hotA hai arthAt kisI eka dravya meM utpAda - vyaya- dhrauvya Adi paryAyoM kA cintana zruta kA AdhAra lekara karanA pRthakatva - vitarka savicAra dhyAna hai / isa dhyAna meM artha-vyaJjana ( zabda ) tathA yoga kA saMkramaNa hotA rahatA hai / " usa samaya dhyAtA kabhI to artha kA cintana karate-karate zabda kA cintana karane lagatA hai aura kabhI zabda kA ciMtana karate-karate artha kA isa prakAra mana, vacana evaM kAya rUpa yoga meM bhI kabhI manoyoga se kAyayoga yA vacanayoga meM, vacanayoga se 1. chadmasthayoginAmAdye dve zukle parikIrtite / dve cAnte kSINadoSANAM kevalajJAnacakSuSAm // zrutajJAnArthasambandhAcchU tAlambanapUrvake / pUrve pare jinendrasya niH zeSAlambanacyute // - jJAnArNava, 39 / 6-7 2. pRthaktvaM tatra nAnAtvaM vitakaM zrutamucyate / arthavyaJjanayogAnAM vIcAra : saMkramaH smRtaH // - vahI, 39 / 14 3. jJAnArNava, 42 / 15-16 4. ekatraparyAyANAM vividhanayAnusaraNaM zrutAd dravye / arthavyaJjana-yogAntareSu saMkramaNa yuktamAdyaM tat // 5. adhyAtmasAra, 574-67 - yogazAstra, 116, tathA dhyAnazataka, 77-78

Page #216
yoga ke sAdhana : dhyAna 185 kAyayoga athavA manoyoga meM, kAyayoga se manoyoga yA vacanayoga meM saMkramaNa hotA rahatA hai / ataH artha-zabda-yoga kI dRSTi se, saMkramaNa hone para bhI, dhyeya eka hI rahatA hai aura mana kI sthiratA bhI banI rahatI hai| kahA hai ki jaba taka ina tInoM yogoM ko Atmabaddhi se grahaNa kiyA jAtA hai, taba taka yaha jIva saMsAra meM hI rahatA hai', zrutapUrvaka mana-vacana-kAyAdi meM vicAroM ke saMkramaNa ke kAraNa jIva saMsArI hI rahatA hai, phira bhI pUrvavartI dhyAnoM kI apekSA mana kI sthiratA tathA samatAbhAva kI vRddhi isa dhyAna meM adhika hotI hai| yahI kAraNa hai ki yogI mukti kI ora agrasara hone lagatA hai| eka zabda se dUsare zabda para tathA eka yoga se dUsare yoga para jAne ke kAraNa hI isa dhyAna ko savicAra-savitakaM kahA gayA hai / (A) ekatva-zrata avIcAra-isa dhyAna meM zruta ke AdhAra para hI artha-vyaJjana-yoga ke saMkramaNa se rahita eka paryAyaviSayaka dhyAna kiyA jAtA hai| arthAt isameM vitarka kA saMkramaNa nahIM hotA aura isake viparIta ekarUpa meM sthira hokara cintana kiyA jAtA hai| jahA~ pahale prakAra ke dhyAna ke antargata yogI kA mana artha-vyaJjana-yoga meM cintana karate hue eka hI Alambana meM ulaTa-phera karatA rahatA hai, vahA~ isa dhyAna meM yogI kI mana-sthiratA sabala ho jAtI hai, Alambana kA ulaTa-phera banda ho jAtA hai tathA eka hI dravya kI vibhinna paryAyoM ke viparIta eka hI paryAya ko dhyeya banA liyA jAtA hai| ataH jisane prathama dhyAna dvArA apane citta ko jIta liyA hai, jisake samasta kaSAya zAMta ho gaye haiM tathA jo karmaraja ko sarvathA naSTa karane ke lie tatpara hai-aisA sAdhaka hI isa 1. svabudhyA yAvadgRNhIyAt kAyavAkcetasAM trayam / saMsArastAvadeteSAM bhedAbhyAse tu nirvRtiH // -samAdhitaMtra, 62 2. zabdAcchabdAntaraM yAyAdyogaM yogAntarAdapi / savIcAramidaM tasmAtsavitakaM ca lakSyate // -jJAnArNava meM uddhRta, 39 / 19(2) 3. (ka) evaM zrutAnusArAdevaktva-vitarkameka-paryAye / artha-vyaana-yogAntareSvasaMkramaNamanyattu // -yogazAstra, 117 (kha) dhyAnazataka, 79-80

Page #217
186 jaina yoga kA AlocanAtmaka adhyayana dvitIya dhyAna ke yogya hotA hai / phalataH isa dhyAna kI siddhi hone ke bAda sadA ke lie ghAtiyA karma (jJAnAvaraNa, darzanAvaraNa, mohanIya aura aMtarAya) vinaSTa ho jAte haiM / arthAt isa dvitIya dhyAna kA yogI AtmA kI atyanta vizuddha avasthA arthAt kevaladarzana evaM kevalajJAna prApta karatA hai / ataH usa yogI ko sampUrNa jagat hastAmalakavata dIkhane lagatA hai, 4 kyoMki kevalajJAna meM itanI zakti hotI hai ki samasta saMsAra kI bhUta, bhaviSyat evaM vartamAna tInoM kAloM kI ghaTanAoM kA yugapata jJAna hotA hai / use anantasukha, anantavIrya Adi kI bhI prApti sahaja ho jAtI hai / " pRthvItala ke samasta jIva kevalajJAnI ko namaskAra karate haiM, unake dharma-pravacanoM ko sabhI prANI apanI bhASA meM samajhate haiM, ve jahA~ bhI ghUmate haiM vahA~ kisI bhI prakAra kI mahAmArI athavA durbhikSa vagairaha nahIM hote / aise kevalalabdhi prApta tIrthaGkara se sahaja sva-para kalyANa hotA hai / tIrthaGkara nAmakarma ke udaya ke kAraNa unheM aneka deva-devAGganAe~ Akara bandanA karane lagate haiM, unake upadeza zravaNa ke lie devoM dvArA bRhad samavasaraNa ( sabhA maNDapa ) kI racanA kI jAtI hai, pazu-pakSI arthAt sabhI prANI apane vera bhAva ko bhUlakara ekatra baiThane lagate haiM, tathA sabhA maNDapa ke madhya meM sthita tIrthaMkara bhagavAn cAra zarIra ke rUpa meM dikhAI dene lagate haiM / yadyapi inheM anya prakAra kI v 1. evaM zAMtakaSAyAtmA karmakakSAzuzukSaNiH / ekatvadhyAnayogyaH syAtpRthakatvena jitAzayaH / -jJAnArNava meM uddhRta, 39 / 19 (4) 2. jJAnAvaraNIyaM dRSTayAvaraNIyaM ca mohanIyaM ca / vilayaM prayAnti sahasA sahAntarAyeNa karmANi // - yogazAstra, 11 / 22 3. AtmalAbhamathAsAdya zuddhi cAtyantikIM parAm / prApnoti kevalajJAnaM tathA kevaladarzanam // - jJAnArNava, 39 / 26 4. samprApya kevalajJAnadarzane durlabhe tato yogI / jAnAti pazyati tathA lokAlokaM yathAvastham // - yogazAstra, 11 / 23 5. ananta sukhavIryAdibhUteH syAdagrimaM padam / - jJAnArNava, 39 / 28 6. yogazAstra, 11 / 24-44

Page #218
187 yoga ke sAdhana : dhyAna aneka labdhiyA~ prApta hotI haiM, tathApi unheM bhogane kI icchA ve nahIM karate haiN| jina jIvoM ke tIrthaMkara nAmakarma kA udaya nahIM hai, ve bhI apane isa dhyAna ke bala se kevalajJAna ko prApta hote haiM tathA Ayukarma ke niHzeSa hone taka sAdhAraNa jIvoM ko dharmopadeza dete haiM aura anta meM nirvANa prApta karate haiN| isa prakAra cAhe tIrthaMkara hoM yA sAmAnyakevalI, jinhoMne yoga ( mana-vacana-kAya) kI zuddhi kI hai, ve vizuddha AtmA ke dhyAna evaM cintana dvArA ananta karmapudgaloM ko kSaNamAtra meM naSTa kara dete haiM / __ (I) sakSama-kriyA-pratipAti-arahanta parameSThI kI avasthA meM jaba Ayukarma antarmuhUrta taka hI avaziSTa rahatA hai aura aghAtiyA karmoM meM arthAt nAma, gotra aura vedanIya ina tInoM kI sthiti Ayukarma se adhika ho jAtI hai taba unheM samarUpa dene ke lie athavA samAna karane ke lie tIrthaMkara evaM sAmAnyakevalI-ina donoM ko samudghAta kI apekSA hotI hai| yaha samudghAta ATha daNDa meM hotA hai| aisA karate samaya kevalI bhagavAn tIna samaya meM apane AtmapradezoM ko daNDa, kapATa evaM prastara ke rUpa meM phailA dete haiM tathA cauthe samaya meM sampUrNa loka ko vyApate haiN| loka meM apane AtmapradezoM ko vyApta karake yogI tInoM aghAtiyA karmoM ( vedanIya, nAma evaM gotra ) kI sthiti ghaTAkara Ayukarma ke samAna karate haiN| tatpazcAt usI krama meM ve Atmapradeza pUrvavat zarIra meM praviSTa hokara avasthita ho jAte haiM / isI prakAra samuddhAta kI kriyA pUrNa hotI hai| 1. tIrthakaranAmasaMjJaM na yasya karmAsti so'pi yogabalAt / utpanna kevala: san satyAyuSi bodhayatyurvIm // -yogazAstra, 11148 2. yato yoga vishuddhaanaamnnt-krm-pudglaaH|| / praNazyanti kSaNArdhana svAtma-dhyAnAdi-bhAvanaiH / / -samAdhimaraNotsAhadIpaka, 162 3. yadAyuradhikAni syuH karmANi parameSThinaH / samuddhAtavidhi sAkSAt prAgevArabhate tadA ||-jnyaanaarnnv, 39-38 4. vahI, 39139-42; yogazAstra, 11149-52

Page #219
188 jaina yoga kA AlocanAtmaka adhyayana samudghAta kI isa kriyA ke pazcAt yogI bAdara (sthUla ) kAyayoga kA avalambana lekara bAdara manoyoga evaM vacanayoga kA nirodha karate haiN| ve sUkSma kAyayoga kA avalambana lekara bAdarakAyayoga kA nirodha karate haiN| isake pazcAt ve sUkSma kAyayoga ke avalambana se sUkSma manoyoga tathA vacanayoga kA bhI nirodha kara DAlate haiN| aisI avasthAoM meM jo dhyAna kiyA jAtA hai use hI sUkSmakriyApratipAti zukladhyAna kahate haiN| ___isa dhyAna meM yogI ke mokSaprApti kA samaya nikaTa A jAne para tIna yogoM meM manoyoga evaM vacanayoga kA pUrNataH nirodha ho jAtA hai, lekina kAyayoga meM sthUla kAyayoga kA nirodha hokara bhI kevala sUkSmakAyayoga kI kriyA arthAt zvAsocchvAsa hI zeSa rahatA hai / ataH isa dhyAna meM kramazaH mana, vacana evaM kAya kA nirodha hotA hai aura kAyayoga ke antargata kevala zvAsa jaisI sUkSma kriyA hI avaziSTa rahatI hai| isa dhyAna ko prApti ke bAda yogI anya dhyAnoM meM nahIM lauTatA aura vaha antima samaya meM sUkSma kriyA kA bhI tyAga karake mukti prApta karatA hai| (I) utpanna kriyApratipAti ( vyaparatakriyAnivRtti )-isa dhyAna meM upayukta dhyAna kI avaziSTa sUkSma kriyA kI bhI nivRtti ho jAtI hai tathA a, i, u, R, la ina pA~ca hrasva svaroM kA uccAraNa karane meM jitanA samaya lagatA hai utane samaya meM kevalI bhagavAn zailezI avasthA ko prApta hote haiN| jahA~ ve parvata kI bhA~ti nizcala rahate haiN| yaha dhyAna 1. yogazAstra, 11153-55 2. (ka) nirvANagamanasamaye kevalino daraniruddhayogasya / sUkSmakriyA-pratipAti tRtIyaM kIrtitaM zuklam ||-yogshaastr, 11 / 8 (kha) sUkSmakriyAnivRtyAkhyaM, tRtIyaM tu jinasyatat / ardharuddhAMgayogasya, ruddhayogadvayasya ca // -adhyAtmasAra, 5178 3. dhyAnazataka, 81 4. (ka) laghuvarNa-paMcakodgiraNatulyakAlamavApya zailezIm / -yogazAstra, 11157

Page #220
yoga ke sAdhana : dhyAna 189 caudahaveM ayogI nAmaka guNasthAna meM hotA hai jisameM kevalI bhagavAn upAntya meM 72 karmaprakRtiyoM tathA isI guNasthAna ke anta samaya kI avaziSTa 13 karmaprakRtiyoM ko bhI naSTa kara dete haiN| isa prakAra zeSa aghAtiyA karmoM kA nAza karake kevalIbhagavAn isa saMsAra se pUrNataH sambandha tor3a lete haiM aura sIdhe Urdhvagamana karake loka ke zikhara para virAjamAna hote haiM, kyoMki usake Age lokAkAza nahIM hai aura na dharmAstikAya hI hai, ataH usake Age gati nahIM hai / vaha siddha paramAtmA loka ke zikhara para avasthita hokara svAbhAvika anantaguNoM ke vaibhava se paripUrNa anantakAla taka rahatA hai|' (kha) turIyaMtu samucchinna-kriyamapratipAti tat / zailavanniSprakampasya, zailesyAM vizvavedinaH ||-adhyaatmsaar, 579, 1. dvAsaptativilIyante karmaprakRtayastadA / asmin sUkSmakriye dhyAne devadevasya durjayAH // vilayaM vItarAgasya tatrayAnti trayodaza / karmaprakRtayaH sadyaH paryante yA vyvsthitaaH||-jnyaanaarnnv, 39 / 47 va 49 2. jJAnArNava, 39-55 3. jJAnArNava, 39 / 58

Page #221
adhyAtma-vikAsa yoga-siddhi ke lie AdhyAtmika vikAsa atIva Avazyaka hai| vyAvahArika paribhASA meM AdhyAtmika vikAsa hI cAritra-vikAsa hai aura isa AdhyAtmika athavA Atmika vikAsa-krama meM hI vairAgya tathA samatAbhAva kA udaya hotA hai, jo yoga kA pramukha aMga hai|' yadyapi AtmA svabhAvataH zuddha hai, parantu jaba vaha avidyA, karma athavA mAyA ke bandhana meM hotI hai taba vikRta hokara nAnA prapaMcoM athavA vibhinna acchebure karmo kA kAraNa bana jAtI hai| ataH AtmA kI parizuddhi ke lie AcArasambandhI vrata-niyamoM kA pAlana Avazyaka hotA hai, tAki samasta karmamala kA nAza ho sake aura naye karmoM kA baMdhana bhI ruka sake / inhIM avidyAoM, karmo' athavA mAyA-prapaMcoM ko dUra karane aura AtmA ko vizuddha avasthA meM lAne kA prayatna vibhinna yoga-paramparAoM kA abhISTa hai; kyoMki vizuddha AtmA hI mokSa kI adhikArI hai| isa dRSTi se yoga ke sandarbha meM AdhyAtmika athavA Atmika vikAsa kA varNana vaidika, bauddha evaM jaina tInoM paramparAoM meM huA hai| vaidika yoga aura AdhyAtmika vikAsa _vaidika paramparA ke yogaviSayaka vibhinna granthoM meM Atmika vikAsa kI kaI prakAra kI carcA milatI hai| ina granthoM meM se yogadarzana aura yogavAsiSTha meM jIva ke AdhyAtmika vikAsa-krama kA varNana sarvAMgINa aura samucita DhaMga se huA hai, kyoMki ina granthoM meM adhyAtma ke sAthasAtha yogaviSaya kA bhI samAhAra huA hai| isa dRSTi se yogadarzana tathA yogavAsiSTha meM varNita AdhyAtmika vikAsakrama kA digdarzana kara lenA prAsaMgika hogaa| yogadarzanAnusAra AdhyAtmika vikAsa-krama meM citta kI pA~ca bhUmikAoM kA ullekha huA hai, jinameM eka ke bAda dUsarI avasthA athavA 1. yogasya panthAH paramastitikSA tato mahatyAtma-balasya puSTiH / / ___ -adhyAtmatattvaloka, 4 / 11

Page #222
adhyAtma ma-vikAsa 191 bhUmikA kramazaH citta zuddhi kI paridhi ko bar3hAtI jAtI hai| ve pA~ca bhUmikAe~ isa prakAra haiM- (1) kSipta, (2) mUDha, (3) vikSipta, (4) ekAgra aura ( 5 ) niruddha / inameM prathama tIna bhUmikAe~ ajJAna arthAt avikAsa kI hone ke kAraNa yogazreNI meM parigaNita nahIM hotIM, kyoMki kSiprAvasthA meM rajoguNa ke kAraNa sAdhaka meM citta kI caMcalatA atyadhika hotI hai / mUr3hAvasthA meM tamoguNa ke kAraNa kartavyAkarttavya kA vicAra nahIM rahatA tathA krodha kaSAya kA prAbalya hotA hai aura satvaguNa ke AvirbhAva se kisI-kisI samaya sthiratA ko prApta honevAlA citta vikSipta kahalAtA hai, jisameM yoga-vighnoM ke kAraNa citta ko caMcalatA atyadhika hotI hai / antima do bhUmikAe~ hI yoga zreNI meM yogya mAnI jAtI haiM, kyoMki ekAgra avasthA meM jahA~ avidyAdi kleza tathA karmabaMdhanoM ko kSINa kiyA jAtA hai aura citta ko bAhya vRttiyoM se haTAkara eka hI dhyeya-vastu meM ekAgra kiyA jAtA hai, vahA~ niruddha avasthA meM samprajJAta samAdhi kI ora abhimukha huA jAtA hai, jahA~ kevala saMskAra hI zeSa raha jAte haiM aura vRttiyoM kA pUrNataH zamana ho jAtA hai / ataH prathama tIna bhUmikAoM meM sAdhaka kevala cAritra athavA AcArAdi kA pAlana karane meM lagA raha jAtA hai, kyoMki ina avasthAoM meM citta kI asthiratA sabase bar3I bAdhaka hotI hai / ina bhUmikAoM ko adhikasita bhUmikAe~ isI dRSTi se kahA gayA hai / parantu ekAgra aura niruddha avasthA meM yogI athavA sAdhaka ke saMskAra bhI naSTa ho jAte haiM; cittavRttiyA~ kSINa ho jAtI haiM aura mana ekAgra ho jAtA hai| isa prakAra isa bhUmikA ko asamprajJAta samAdhi bhI kahA jAtA hai aura yaha kaivalya ke lie pramukha bhI mAnI jAtI hai / yogavAsiSTha ke anusAra Atma-vikAsa ko do zreNiyA~ haiM-- avikAsAvasthA evaM vikAsAvasthA / avikAsAvasthA ke antargata jIva kI sAta avasthAoM kA varNana huA hai, jo isa prakAra haiM - (1) bIjajAgrata, (2) jAgrata, (3) mahA 1. kSiptaM mUDhaM vikSiptamekAgraM niruddhamiti cittabhUmayaH / -- yogadarzana, vyAsabhASya, 111

Page #223
192 jaina yoga kA AlocanAtmaka adhyayana jAgrata, (4) jAgrata-svapna, (5) svapna, (6) svapna-jAgrata aura (7) suSupti / (1) bIjajAgrata-sRSTi ke Adi meM citi kA nAmarahita aura nirmala ciMtana, kyoMki isameM jAgrata avasthA kA anubhava bIjarUpa se rahatA hai| ... (2) jAgrata-parabrahma se turanta utpanna jIva kA jJAna, jisameM pUrvakAla kI koI smRti nahIM hotii| (3) mahAjAgrata-pahale janmoM meM udita aura dRr3hatA ko prApta jJAna / (4) jAgrata-svapna-yaha jJAna bhrama kI koTi meM AtA hai, kyoMki isakA udaya kalpanA dvArA jAgrata dazA meM hotA hai aura isa jJAna ke dvArA jIva kalpanA ko bhI satya mAna baiThatA hai| (5) svapna-mahAjAgrata avasthA ke bhItara nidrAvasthA meM anubhUta viSaya ke prati jAgane para jaba isa prakAra kA jJAna ho ki yaha viSaya asatya hai aura isakA anubhava mujhe thor3e samaya ke lie hI huA thaa| (6) svapna-jAgrata-isa avasthA meM adhika samaya taka jAgrata avasthA ke sthUla viSayoM kA aura sthUla deha kA anubhava nahIM hotA aura svapna hI jAgrata ke samAna hokara mahAjAgrata-sA pratIta hotA hai| (7) suSupti-pUrvokta avasthAoM se rahita, bhaviSya meM duHkha denevAlI vAsanAoM se yukta jIva ko acetana sthiti / / inameM prathama do avasthAoM athavA bhUmikAoM meM rAgadveSAdi kaSAya kA alpa aMza hone ke kAraNa vanaspati evaM pazu-pakSI meM hotI haiM, lekina tatrAropitamajJAnaM tasya bhUmIrimAH zRNuH / bIjajAgrattathA jAgranmahAjAgrattathaiva ca / / jAgratsvapnastathA svapnaHsvapnajAgratasuSuptakam / iti saptavidho mohaH punareva parasparam / / -yogavAsiSTha, utpattiprakaraNa, 117 / 11-12 2. vahI, 3 / 117, 14-24; yogavAsiSTha aura usake siddhAnta, pR0 234-36

Page #224
193 adhyAtma-vikAsa Age kI ora sabhI bhUmikAoM meM kaSAyoM kI atyadhikatA hotI hai, ataH ve bhUmikAeM manuSya kI hI haiM, kyoMki krodha, mAna, mAyA Adi kI tIvratA manuSya meM hI pAyI jAtI hai| isa prakAra prathama bhUmikA meM jitanI ajJAnatA hotI hai, usakI paravartI avasthAoM meM utanI ajJAnatA nahIM rhtii| phira bhI ye sAta bhUmikAeM ajJAnAvasthA kI hI kahI jAtI haiM. kyoMki bhale-bure kA jJAna unameM nahIM ho paataa| vikasita avasthA-isa avasthA meM pahale kI apekSA viveka-zakti kI upasthiti ke kAraNa sAdhaka kA mana AtmA ke vAstavika rUpa ko pahacAnane ke lie utsuka rahatA hai, jisase ki vaha bure vicAroM ko tyAga kara AtmA ke samIpa le jAnevAle prazasta vicAroM ko lagana ke sAtha grahaNa kara sake / isa saMdarbha meM AtmA ko bodha denevAlI jJAna kI sAta bhUmikAoM kA ullekha haA hai, jo kramazaH sthala Alambana se haTAkara sAdhaka ko sUkSma kI ora le jAtI haiM; jahA~ mokSa kI sthiti hai| yadyapi mokSa aura satya kA jJAna donoM paryAyavAcI haiM, kyoMki jisako satya kA jJAna ho jAtA hai, vaha jIva phira janma nahIM letaa|| yogasthita jJAna kI sAta bhuumikaaeN| isa prakAra haiM (1) zubhecchA-vairAgya utpanna hone para sAdhaka ke mana meM ajJAna ko dUra karane aura zAstra evaM sajjanoM kI sahAyatA se satya ko prApta karane kI icchA kA utpanna honaa| (2) vicAraNA-zAstrAdhyayana, satsaMga, vairAgya aura abhyAsa se sadAcAra kI pravRtti paidA honaa| (3) tanumAnasA-zubhecchA aura vicAraNA ke abhyAsa se iMdriyaviSayoM ke prati asaktatA hone se mana kI sthUlatA kA hrAsa honaa| (4) satvApatti-pUrvokta tInoM bhUmikAoM ke abhyAsa aura viSayoM kI virakti se AtmA meM citta kI sthiratA prApta honaa| 1. jJAnabhUmiH zubhecchAsyA prathamA samudAhRtA / vicAraNA dvitIyA tu tRtIyA tanumAnasA // sattvApattizcaturthI syAttato'saMsakti nAmikA / padArtha-bhAvanI SaSThI saptamI turyagA smRtA // -yogavAsiSTha, utpattiprakaraNa, 1185-6

Page #225
194 jaina yoga kA AlocanAtmaka adhyayana (5) asaMsakti - isa bhUmikA meM pUrvokta avasthAoM ke abhyAsa tathA sAMsArika viSayoM meM asaMsakti hone se, sattA ke prakAza meM mana sthira ho jAtA hai aura sAdhaka AtmA meM dhyAnastha hone ko utsuka ho jAtA hai / (6) padArthabhAvanI - isa bhUmikA meM sAdhaka pUrvokta bhUmikAoM ke abhyAsa se AtmA meM mana ko dRr3ha kara letA hai aura samasta bAhya padArthoM kI ora se vimukha ho jAtA hai / aisI avasthA meM sAdhaka ko bAharI sabhI padArtha asatya pratIta hone lagate haiM / (7) turyagA- pUrvokta chaha bhUmikAoM ke satata abhyAsa ke kAraNa sAdhaka ko jaba bheda meM bhI abheda kI pratIti hone lagatI hai aura jaba vaha AtmabhAva meM avicalita rUpa se sthira ho jAtA hai to aisI sthiti ko turyagA kahate haiM / " ise jIvanamukti avasthA bhI kahate haiM / dhyAtavya hai ki videhamukti turyagA avasthA se bhinna hai, eka nahIM / jaina yoga meM isI avasthA se nirvANa kI prApti hotI hai / bauddhayoga aura adhyAtma-vikAsa vaidika-yoga kI hI bhA~ti bauddha yoga meM bhI AdhyAtmika vikAsa kI bhUmikA ko cittazuddhi kI sAdhanA ke lie anivArya mAnA gayA hai, kyoM ki isa vikAsa kI bhUmikA naitika AcAra-vicAra ke dvArA cAritra ko vikasita aura sazakta banAtI hai aura cAritra hI AdhyAtmika vikAsa kI rIr3ha hai / batAyA gayA hai ki sAdhaka zraddhA, vIryaM, smRti, samAdhi tathA prajJA ina pA~ca sAdhanoM ke samyak paripAlana dvArA apane cAritrika gaThana aura vikAsa ke mAdhyama se vizuddha avasthA ko prApta hotA hai, jo nirvANa kI prApti ke lie Avazyaka hai / dUsare zabdoM meM nirvANa athavA vizuddha avasthA kI prApti kI kramazaH chaha athavA sAta sthitiyoM kA vidhAna kiyA gayA hai, jinase AdhyAtmika vikAsa kI prakriyA sampanna hotI hai / ye AdhyAtmika vikAsa kI sthitiyA~ haiM - (1) andhaputhuMjana, (2) kalyANa puthuMjana, (3) sotApanna, (4) sakadAgAmI, (5) aupapAtika 1. yogavAsiSTha, 3 / 118 7 - 16; yogavAsiSTha evaM usake siddhAnta, pR. 452 2. milindaprazna, 2018

Page #226
adhyAtma-vikAsa 195 tathA (6) arhaa|' inako pAra karatA huA sAdhaka apane cAritrabala se saMyama, karuNA evaM vairAgya prApta karatA haiN| ina sthitiyoM athavA avasthAoM ko aura adhika spaSTa karate hue milindaprazna meM citta kI sAta avasthAoM kA varNana hai jo isa prakAra hai (1) saMklezacitta-yaha sthiti ajJAna athavA mUr3hatA ko hai, kyoMki isa avasthA meM yogI kA citta rAga-dveSa, moha evaM kleza se yukta hotA hai tathA vaha zarIra, zola evaM prajJA kI bhAvanA arthAt cintana bhI nahIM krtaa| (2) srotaApannacitta-yaha bhI avikAsa kI hI avasthA hai| isa 'sthiti meM sAdhaka buddhakathita mArga ko bhalIbhAMti jAnakara, zAstra kA acchI taraha manana aura cintana karake bhI citta ke tIna bhramamUlaka viSayoM arthAt saMyojanAoM ko hI naSTa kara pAtA hai, sampUrNa saMyojanAoM ko nhiiN| (3) sakRdAgAmocitta-isa avasthA meM sAdhaka pA~ca saMyojanAoM se mukta hotA hai aura usameM rAgadveSa nAmamAtra kA raha jAtA hai| (4) anAgAmI citta-isa avasthA meM zeSa pA~ca saMyojanAoM ko sAdhaka kATatA hai aura citta dasa sthAnoM meM halakA aura teja ho jAtA hai| 'phira bhI Upara kI pAMca saMyojanAoM meM usakA citta bhArI aura manda banA hI rahatA hai| (5) arhatacitta-isa avasthA meM yogI ke sabhI Asrava, kleza sarvathA kSINa ho jAte haiM aura vaha brahmacaryAvAsa ko pUrA karake sabhI prakAra ke bhavapAzoM kA vyuccheda kara DAlatA hai| phalasvarUpa usakA citta atyanta zuddha evaM nirmala bana jAtA hai| dhyAtavya hai ki isa avasthA meM citta ko 1. majhimanikAya, 11 2. milindaprazna, 4 / 1 / 3 3. ye dasa saMyojanAe~ arthAt bandhana ke kAraNa isa taraha haiM (1) sakkAyadiTThi; (2) vicikacchA, (3) sIlabatta parAbhAsa, (4) kAmarAga, (5) paTIdha, (6) rUparAga, (7) aruNarAga, (8) mAna, (9) uddhava (10) aviccaa| -vizuddhimArga, bhA. 2, pariccheda 22, pR0 271

Page #227
196 jaina yoga kA AlocanAtmaka adhyayana zuddhi ho jAtI hai, lekina pratyekabuddha kI bhUmiyoM meM bhArI evaM manda hotA hai / arthAt sampUrNa cittazuddhi nahIM hotI / (6) pratyeka buddha kA citta - isa avasthA meM sAdhaka svayaM apanA svAmI hotA hai aura use kisI bhI AcArya athavA guru kI apekSA nahIM rahatI hai tathA usakA citta atyanta nirmala evaM zuddha hotA hai / (7) samyaksambuddha kA citta - yaha avasthA sarvajJa kI hai, jo dasa vratoM kI dhAraNA karanevAle, cAra prakAra ke vaizAradyoM se yukta tathA aThAraha buddha dharmo se yukta hote haiM aura jinhoMne indriyoM ko sarvathA jIta liyA hai / yaha avasthA pUrNataH acala aura zAMta hotI hai / isa sandarbha meM mahAyAna vicAradhArA ke anusAra kramazaH dasa bhUmikAoM athavA avasthAoM kA ullekha kiyA gayA hai / ve bhUmikAyeM isa prakAra haiM - ( 1 ) pramuditA, (2) vimalA, (3) prabhAkarI, (4) arciSmatI (5) sudurjayA, (6) abhimukhI, (7) dUraMgamA, (8) acalA, (9) sAdhumatI evaM (10) dharmameghA / (1) pramuditA - isa sthiti meM sAdhaka jagat ke uddhAra ke lie buddhatva prApta karane kI mahattvAkAMkSA jAgrata hone para citta meM vaisI bodhi ke lie saMkalpa karatA hai aura usase pramudita hotA hai | (2) vimalA - isa sthiti meM dUsare prANiyoM ko unmArga se nivRtta karane ke lie svayaM zAdhaka ko hI hiMsAviramaNazIla kA AcaraNa karake dRSTAnta upasthita karanA hotA hai / (3) prabhAkarI - isake antargata ATha dhyAna aura maitrI Adi cAra brahma-vihAra kI bhAvanAe~ karane kA vidhAna hai aura sAtha hI pahale ke kiye hue saMkalpa ke anusAra anya prANiyoM ko duHkhamukta karane kA prayatna kiyA jAtA hai / (4) arciSmatI - prApta guNoM ko sthira karane, naye guNa prApta karane aura kisI bhI prakAra ke doSa kA sevana na karane meM jitanI vIryaM pAramitA siddha ho utanI arciSmatI bhUmikA prApta hotI hai / (5) sudurjayA - aisI dhyAna pAramitA kI prApti ko kahate haiM, jisameM 1. prajJApAramitA, pR0 95-100

Page #228
adhyAtma-vikAsa 197 karuNAvRtti vizeSa kA abhivarddhana aura cAra AryasatyoM kA spaSTa bhAna ho| . (6) abhimukho-isameM mahAkaruNA dvArA bodhisatva se Age bar3hakara arhatva prApta kiyA jAtA hai aura dasa pAramitAoM meM se vizeSa rUpa se prajJA-pAramitA sAdhanI par3atI hai / ' (7) dUraMgamA-dasoM pAramitAoM ko pUrNa rUpa se sAdhane para utpanna honevAlI sthiti / (8) acalA-isa sthiti meM zArIrika, vAcika evaM mAnasika cintAoM se mukta honA par3atA hai, sAMsArika praznoM kA spaSTa evaM kramabaddha jJAna rakhanA par3atA hai aura unase kisI bhI prakAra vicalita na hone kI saMbhAvanA rahatI hai| (9) sAdhumatI-pratyeka jIva ke mArgadarzana ke lie (yogI ko) usa jIva kA adhikAra jAnane kI sampUrNa zakti jaba prApta hotI hai taba vaha bhUmikA sAdhumatI kahalAtI hai| (10) dharmamedhA--sarvajJatva prApta hone para dharmamevA kI bhUmikA prApta hotI hai / mahAyAna kI dRSTi se isI bhUmikA para pahu~ce sAdhaka ko tathAgata kahA jAtA hai| isa prakAra bauddha-yoga ke antargata AdhyAtmika vikAsa ko ajJAnAvasthA ke kramika hrAsa ke sandarbha meM dekhA jA sakatA hai, kyoMki ajJAnAvasthA ko tyAgakara hI jJAna prApti sambhava hai; jo nirvANa-prApti kA abhISTa hai| jaina-yoga aura adhyAtma-vikAsa jaina yoga kI AdhArazilA AtmavAda hai aura Atma-vikAsa ko pUrNatA mokSa hai| Atmazakti kA vikAsa hI jaina-sAdhanA-paddhati kA phalita hai / isa vikAsAvasthA meM jIva kA utthAna-patana honA svAbhAvika hai / Atmazakti kI isa vikasita tathA avikasita avasthA ko hI jainayoga meM guNasthAna kahA gayA hai aura kramazaH guNasthAnoM para car3hanA hI AtmavikAsa kI ora bar3hanA hai| saMsAra meM aisA koI bhI prANI nahIM hai, jo sarvathA avikasita ho / vikAsa kI kucha na kucha kiraNa hara AtmA meM vidyamAna rahatI hai, bhale hI vaha ekendriya ho athavA abhavya / isa prakAra

Page #229
198 . jaina yoga kA AlocanAtmaka adhyayana saMsArI jIvoM meM indriya-sattA kI vidyamAnatA ke kAraNa guNasthAna kA prArambha-vindu vahI hai / zarIradhArI jIvoM meM aisA koI varga nahIM hai jo guNasthAna se bAhara ho| kSayopazamatA ke kAraNa vikAsAvasthA meM utthAna-patana ke kramoM ko pAra kara aMta meM jIva karmoM kA saMpUrNa kSaya karake nirmala sthiti ko prApta karatA hai| ina krama-prApta avasthAoM ko hI guNa-sthAna kahate haiN| dUsare zabdoM meM isI kramika vikAsa kA pAribhASika nAma 'guNasthAna' hai / guNasthAna kA artha hI guNoM ke sthAna arthAt Atmazakti ke sthAna athavA AtmavikAsa kI avasthAe~ haiM / ' karma ___AtmavikAsa kI isa bhUmikA meM karma kA sthAna pramukha hai, kyoMki saMsAra-bandhana yA paribhramaNa kA mukhya kAraNa karma hai| jo jIva isa saMsAra meM haiM, unake pariNAma rAgadveSarUpa hote haiM, pariNAmoM se karma ba~dhate haiM, karmo se aneka gatiyoM meM janma-maraNa hotA hai / phalasvarUpa zarIra prApta hotA hai| zarIra meM indriyA~ hotI haiM, indriyoM se viSaya grahaNa aura viSayoM ke kAraNa rAgadveSa rUpI karmoM kI utpatti hotI hai| isa prakAra jIva saMsAra meM apane hI karmo dvArA zubha-azubha karmo ko utpanna karatA aura unheM khuda hI bhogatA hai| .. karma ke bIja rAga aura dveSa haiN| karma moha se utpanna hotA hai| vaha karma janma-maraNa kA mUla hai aura janma-maraNa hI duHkha hai| yaha jIva dvArA kiye jAne ke kAraNa karma kahalAtA hai| saMkSepa meM karma ke ATha bheda haiM 1. sthAnAMga-samavAyAMga, pR0 98 2. jo khalu saMsAratyo jIvo tatto du hodi prinnaamo| pariNAmAdo kammaM kammAdo hodi gadisu mdii|| / gadimadhigadassa deho dehAdo indiyANi jAyate / tehiM du visayaggahaNaM tatto rAgo va doso vA // -paMcAstikAya, 128-129. 3. (ka) azubhaM vA zubhaM vApi svasvakarmaphalodayam / bhujAnAM hi jIvAnAM hartA kartA na kazcan // -yogazAstra, 1600 4. uttarAdhyayana, 327 5. kIraha jieNa heUhiM-jeNaM to bhaNNae kammaM / -prathama karmagraMtha, 1 .

Page #230
adhyAtma-vikAsa 199 (1) jJAnAvaraNa, (2) darzanAvaraNa, (3) vedanIya, (4) mohanIya, (5) Ayu, (6) nAma, (7) gotra aura (8) antarAya / / inameM prathama cAra karmo ko ghAtiyA karma kahate haiM, kyoMki ye AtmA ke guNoM kA ghAta karate haiM / zeSa cAra karma aghAtiyA haiM, kyoMki ye AtmasvarUpa kA ghAta nahIM karate / ' ina ATha karmo kA prabhAva AtmA ke Upara rahatA hai| isa kA kAraNa moha kI pradhAnatA hai / jaba taka mohanIya karma balavAna aura tIvra rahatA hai, taba taka anya sabhI karmoM kA bandhana balavAna aura tIvra rahatA hai / ataH AtmA ke vikAsa kI bhUmikA meM pramukha bAdhaka mohanIya karma kI prabalatA hai| isa prakAra guNasthAnoM kI vikAsa-kramagata avasthAoM kI kalpanA, mohazakti kI utkaTatA, maMdatA tathA abhAva para avalambita hai| __ AtmA aura karma kA saMbaMdha anAdikAlIna hai, phira bhI dInoM ke svabhAva eka-dUsare se sarvathA bhinna haiN| karma kartA ke arthAt jIva ke pIche-pIche calate haiM aura karma-pudgaloM kA svabhAva hai AtmA ke sAtha cipakanA evaM alaga honaa| AtmA ko karma se vimukti ke lie mana, vacana tathA kAya kI caMcalatA rUpI yogAstra kA pUrNataH nirodha karane kI apekSA hotI hai aura tInoM yogoM kA Asrava rukane para svabhAvataH karma kA Agamana avaruddha ho jAtA hai| karma AtmA se eka bAra viyukta hone ke bAda punaH AtmA se nahIM baMdhate haiM, jisa prakAra pake hue phala gira 1. (ka) jJAnAdRSTayAvRtI vedyaM mohanIyAyuSI viduH / nAmagotrAntarAyo ca karmANyaSTe ti sUrayaH |-yogsaarpraabhRt, 2 / 24 (kha) uttarAdhyayana, 3332-3 2. paMcAdhyAyI, 298-299 3. cauthA karmagraMtha, prastAvanA, pR0 11 4. kammaM ca cittapoggalaruvaM jIvassa'NAisAbandha / , -yogazataka, 54 5. kattArameva aNujAi krm| -uttarAdhyayana, 13 / 23 6. tapoggalANa taggajhasahAvAvagamamo ya evaM ti| -yogazataka, 11 7. yadA niruddha yomAsravo bhavati, tadA jIvakarmaNoH pRthaktvaM bhavati / -uttarAdhyayanacUNi, a0 1 8. pakke phalamhi paDie jaha Na phalaM bajjhae puNo vitte| jIvassa kammabhAve paDie Na puNodayamuveI // -samayasAra, 168 .

Page #231
200 jaina yoga kA AlocanAtmaka adhyayana jAne ke bAda punaH vRkSa se nahIM jur3ate / naye karmo kA Agamana ho sakatA hai / karmabandha kI sthiti bhI bhinna-bhinna hotI hai / kucha karma tIvra bandha vAle hote haiM, kucha karma madhyama bandhavAle hote haiM aura kucha karma kama bandha vAle / karmoM kI ye sthitiyA~ rAga evaM moha kI tIvratA evaM maMdatA para nirbhara karatI haiM / isa dRSTi se jIva ke bhAva vividha pariNAmI hote haiM / unameM kabhI rAga-dveSa kI mAtrA kI nyUnatA hotI hai to kabhI adhikatA / jIva meM rAga-dveSa kI isI taratamatA ko jaina yoga meM 'lezyA' kahA gayA hai / dUsare zabdoM meM jIva jisake dvArA puNya tathA pApa meM lipta hotA hai athavA kaSAyoM se anurakta mana, vacana evaM kAya kI pravRtti hotI hai, vaha lezyA kahalAtI hai / " yaha do prakAra kI hotI hai - dravyalezyA tathA bhAvalezyA / dravyalezyA pudgala vizeSAtmaka hotI hai aura bhAvalezyA Atmagata vizeSa pariNAmI, jo saMkleza aura yoga se anugata hotI hai / yadyapi saMkleza kI vibhinna sthitiyoM ke anusAra bhAvalezyA tIvra, tIvratara tIvratama, maMda, maMdatara, maMdatama Adi aneka bhedoM ke anusAra asaMkhya prakAra kI hotI hai, parantu sAdhAraNataH bhAvalezyA ke chaha prakAra pramukha haiM - (1) kRSNa, (2) nIla, (3) kApota, (4) pIta, (5) padma aura (6) zukla / ina lezyAoM ke alaga-alaga guNa svabhAva hote haiM / kRSNa lezyAvAlA jIva tIvratama kaSAyI evaM mUr3ha hotA hai aura usake krodhamAna-mAyAdi bhayaMkara hote haiM / aise jIva ke karma-baMdhana bhI tIvratama aura saghanatama hote haiM / isa lezyA ke bAdavAlI anya lezyAoM meM kramazaH kaSAyoM kI maMdatA hotI jAtI hai aura antima zuklalezyA meM kaSAyoM kA sarvathA parihAra ho jAtA hai / ataH jyoM jyoM jIva ina lezyAoM ko krama krama se kama karatA huA Age bar3hatA jAtA hai, tyoM tyoM usakI Atmazuddhi kI paridhi bar3hatI jAtI hai aura zuklalezyA meM vaha atyaMta nirmala hokara 2 1. liMpai appIkIrai edIe niya apuNNapuNNaM ca / - gommaTasAra jIvakANDa, 488 2. darzana aura cintana, dvitIya khaNDa, pR0 297 3. kiNhA nIlA ya kAU ya teU pamhA taheva ya / sukkalesA ya chaTThA u, nAmAiM tu jahakkarma // 6 - uttarAdhyayana, 343

Page #232
adhyAtma-vikAsa 201 mukti kI avasthA ko prApta karatA hai / isa prakAra karmo kI nyUnatA athavA adhikatA kA kAraNa lezyA hai / karmoM kI vividhatA kA uttaradAyI bhI yahI hai aura lezyA tathA karmoM kA saMbaMdha bar3A hI ghaniSTha hai / ___ isa saMdarbha meM saMkSipta rUpa meM yaha batA denA samucita hogA ki mahAbhArata' meM varNita prANimAtra ke varNAnusAra chaha bheda (kRSNa, dhUmra, nIla, rakta, hAridra tathA zukla ) tathA yogadarzanAnusAra trividha karma ( kRSNa, azukla-akRSNa tathA zukla) prakArAntara se lezyA kA hI vivaraNa hai| yahAM bhI eka ke bAda dUsarI avasthA zreSTha evaM sukhakAraka mAnI gayI hai| bauddhadharma meM chaha prakAra kI abhijAtiyoM-kRSNa, nIla, lohita, hAridra, zukla tathA paramazukla kA nirdeza bhI isI artha meM huA hai| guNasthAnoM kA vargIkaraNa jainadharma ke anusAra Atmika vikAsa kI sIr3hiyAM yA guNasthAna caudaha haiM-(1) mithyAdRSTi, (2) sAsvAdana, (3) samyag-mithyAdRSTi, (4) avirata samyagdRSTi, (5) dezavirata-viratAvirata, (6) pramattasaMyata, (7) apramattasaMyata, (8) apUrvakaraNa, (9) anivRttikaraNa, (10) sUkSmasAMparAya, (11) upazAntamoha, (12) kSINamoha, (13) sayogakevalI aura (14) ayogakevalI / ' ina caudaha guNasthAnoM meM prathama tIna kA antarbhAva bahi 1. Sar3a jIvavarNAH paramaM pramANaM kRSNo dhUmro nIlamathAsyamdhm / raktaM punaH sahyataraM sukhaM tu hAridravarNa susukhaM ca zuklam / -mahAbhArata, zAntiparva, 280133 2. karmAzuklAkRSNaM yoginastrividhamitareSAm / -yogadarzana, 47 3. dIghanikAya, 31250; lezyAkoza, pR0 254-57 4. guNasthAnoM kA saMkSipta paricaya isa prakAra hai(1) mithyAdRSTi-isa avasthA meM darzana mohanIya karma kI prabalatA ke kAraNa samyaktva guNa AvRta hone se tattvaruci prakaTa nahIM hotI, yaha mithyAtva tIna prakAra kA hai-saMzayita, abhigRhIta aura anabhigRhIta / (2) sAsvAdana-samyaktva kA kSaNika AsvAdana hone se hI isa guNasthAna ko sAsvAdana athavA sAsAdana kahA jAtA hai / jo jIva samyaktva-ratna rUpI

Page #233
202 jaina yoga kA mAlocanAtmaka adhyayana parvata ke zikhara se girakara mithyAtvabhAva kI ora mur3a gayA hai, parantu (samyaktva ke) naSTa ho jAne para bhI jisane abhI sAkSAt rUpa meM mithyAtva meM praveza nahIM kiyA hai, vaha madhyavartI avasthA sAsAdana guNasthAna hai| (3) samyaka mithyAdRSTi-dahI aura gur3a ke mela ke svAda kI taraha samyaktva __evaM mithyAtva kA mizrita bhAva / isa guNasthAna meM AtmA na to satya kA darzana karane meM samartha hotI hai, na mithyAtva kA hii| (4) aviratasamyakadRSTi-isa guNasthAnavartI puruSa ko AtmacetanA rUpa dhArmika dRSTi to prApta ho jAtI hai, kyoMki kaSAyoM kI anaMtAnubaMdhI kA upazama, kSaya yA kSayopazama ho jAtA hai; kintu apratyAkhyAnAvaraNa kaSAya kA udaya banA rahatA hai| aisA vyakti na to iMdriya-viSayoM se virata hotA hai aura na trasa-sthAvara jIvoM kI hiMsA se virata hotA hai| kevala tattvArtha kA zraddhAna karatA hai| (5) dezavirata-isa guNasthAna meM pUrNataH to nahIM, AMzika rUpa se cAritra kA pAlana hotA hai| isI guNasthAnavartI vyakti ko zrAvaka kahA jAtA hai / (6) pramattasaMyata-isa guNasthAna meM sthita sAdhaka mahAvratI ho jAtA hai, lekina pramAda Adi doSoM kA thor3A-bahuta aMza usameM zeSa raha jAtA hai, isa kAraNa use pramakta-saMyata kahate haiN| (7) apramattasaMyata-isa avasthA meM sAdhaka kA vyakta-avyakta sampUrNa pramAda niHzeSa ho gayA hotA hai, phira bhI vaha na to mohanIya karma kA upazama karatA hai aura na kSaya karatA hai; mAtra AtmadhyAna meM lIna rahatA hai| yaha sAdhaka gyArahaveM guNasthAna taka car3hakara gira bhI sakatA hai / (8) apUrvakaraNa- yaha avasthA AtmaguNa-zuddhi athavA lAbha kI avasthA hai, kyoMki isa avasthA meM hI sAdhaka pramAda para vijaya prApta cAritrabala kI viziSTatA prApta karatA hai| usakI sAdhanA meM naye naye apUrva bhAva prakaTa hote haiN| (9) anivRttikaraNa ( nivRttibAdara )-isa avasthA meM sAdhaka cAritra-mohanIya karma ke zeSa aMzoM kA upazamana karatA hai| isa guNasthAnavartI ke niraMtara eka hI pariNAma hotA hai| (10) sUkSma sAMparAya-sAmparAya kA artha kaSAya hai| isa guNasthAnavartI sAdhaka

Page #234
adhyAtma-vikAsa 203 rAtmA' meM hotA hai, kyoMki ina avasthAoM meM jIva vividha kaSAyoM se raMjita rahatA hai / cauthe se lekara bArahava guNasthAna kA antarbhAva antarAtmA meM hotA hai, kyoMki ina avasthAoM meM AtmA kA utthAna-patana meM kumumbha ke raMga kI bhAMti sUkSma rAga raha jAtA hai / inheM sUkSma kaSAya bhI kahate haiM / ( 11 ) upazAnta moha - isa guNasthAna meM sampUrNa moha kA upazama yA kSaya ho jAtA hai, isalie isa guNasthAnavartI sAdhaka ko upazAMtakaSAya kahate haiM / lekina kabhI moha ke udaya se yaha sAdhaka sUkSma-sarAga dazA meM calA jAtA hai / (12) kSINamoha - isa guNasthAna nIce girane kA koI bhaya kaSAya nirgrantha kahate haiM / meM sampUrNa moha kA kSaya ho jAtA hai, jisase nahIM rahatA / isa guNasthAnavartI ko kSINa (13) sayogakevalI - isa guNasthAna meM sarvajJatva kI prApti hotI hai, lekina isameM kAyA kI sUkSma kriyA vidyamAna rahatI hai| ise jIvana-mukta avasthA bhI kahate haiM / (14) ayogakevalI - isa antima caudahaveM guNasthAna meM AtmA vikAsa kI carama avasthA para pahuMca jAtI hai, kyoMki isa avasthA meM zArIrika, mAnasika evaM vAcika pravRttiyoM kA sarvathA abhAva ho jAtA hai / UrdhvasvabhAva vAlA yaha ayogI kevalI yA parama zuddha AtmA azarIrI rUpa meM loka ke agrabhAga para jAkara avasthita ho jAtA hai / - sthAnAMga, 14; karmagrantha, bhA02, 2 1. ( ka ) bahirAtmA zarIrAdI jAtAtmabhrAntirAMtaraH / cittadoSAtmavibhrAntiH paramAtmA'ti nirmalaH // -- samAdhitaMtra, (kha) yogasAra, 6 arthAt AtmA ke tIna prakAra haiM- zarIrAdika jar3a vastuoM meM bhrama AtmA samajhanevAlA bahirAtmA hai jabaki citta ko citarUpa se, doSoM ko doSa rUpa se aura AtmA ko AtmArUpa se anubhava karanevAlA sAdhaka antarAtmA hai aura sarva karmamala se rahita jo atyanta nirmala hai vaha paramAtmA hai / 5.

Page #235
" 204 jaina yoga kA AlocanAtmaka adhyayana utthAna hotA rahatA hai / terahaveM aura caudahaveM guNasthAna kA antarbhAva paramAtmA meM kiyA gayA hai, kyoMki ina avasthAoM meM jIva paramAtma arthAt carama avasthA ko prApta kara letA hai / " ATha dRSTiyA~ - AtmA ke kramika vikAsa dhyAna meM rakhakara AcArya haribhadra ne yoga kI kiyA hai / unake anusAra dRSTi usako kahate haiM, ke sAtha bodha ho aura isase asat pravRttiyoM kA kSaya karake sat pravRttiyA~ prApta hoM / ye dRSTiyA~ ATha haiM - (1) mitrA, (2) tArA, (3) balA, (4) dIprA, (5) sthirA, (6) kAntA, (7) prabhA aura (8) parA / ina dRSTiyoM meM prathama cAra oghadRSTi meM antarbhukta haiM, kyoMki inameM vRtti saMsArAbhimukha rahatI hai / arthAt jIva kA utthAna-patana hotA rahatA hai / zeSa cAra dRSTiyA~ yogadRSTi meM samAhita haiM, kyoMki inameM AtmA kI pravRtti AtmavikAsa kI ora agrasara hotI hai / pA~cavIM dRSTi ke bAda jIva sarvathA unnatizIla banA rahatA hai, usake girane kI saMbhAvanA nahIM rahatI / isa prakAra oghadRSTi asatdRSTi aura yogadRSTi satdRSTi arthAt mokSonmukha mAnI gayI hai / dUsare zabdoM meM prathama cAra dRSTayoM ko avedya-saMvedya pada 4 athavA pratipAti" tathA aMtima cAra dRSTiyoM 1. (ka) anye tu mithyAdarzanAdibhAvapariNato bAhyAtmA, samyagdarzanAdipariNatastvantarAtmA, kevalajJAnAdipariNatastu paramAtmA / tatrAdya guNa sthAnetra bAhyAtmA, tataH paraM kSINamohaguNasthAnaM yAvadantarAtmA / tataH parantu paramAtmeti / - adhyAtma - parIkSA, 125; (kha) AdhyAtmika vikAsakrama, pR0 40 2. sacchraddhAsaMgatobodho dRSTirityabhidhIyate / asatpravRttibhyAghAtAt satpravRttipadAvahaH // | caudaha guNasthAno - ko ATha dRSTiyoM kA varNana jisase samIcIna zraddhA yogadRSTisamuccaya, 17 3. mitrA-tArA- balA- dIprA sthirA kAntA prabhA-parA | nAmAni yogadRSTInAM lakSaNaM ca nibodhata // - vahI, 13 4. vahI, 70 5. pratipAtayutAzcA'dyAzcatasronottarAstathAH / sApAya'pi caitAstatpratipAtena netarAH // - vahI, 19.

Page #236
adhyAtma-vikAsa 205 - ko saMvedyApada' athavA apratipAti kahA gayA hai / ina ATha dRSTiyoM meM jIva ko kisa prakAra kA jJAna athavA savizeSa tattvajJAna prApta hotA hai, usako ATha dRSTAntoM ke dvArA samajhAyA gayA hai - (1) tRNAgni, (2) kaNDAgni, (3) kASThAgni, (4) dIpakAgni, (5) ratna kI prabhA, (6) nakSatra kI prabhA, (7) sUrya kI prabhA evaM (8) caMdra kI prabhA / jisa prakAra ina agniyoM kI prabhA uttarottara tIvra aura spaSTa hotI jAtI hai, usI prakAra ina ATha dRSTiyoM meM bhI savizeSa-bodha kI prApti spaSTa hotI jAtI hai / ina ATha dRSTiyoM ke saMdarbha meM yogadarzana meM pratipAdita yamaniyamAdi tathA kheda, udvegAdi ATha doSoM ke parihAra kA varNana bhI kiyA jAtA hai / yahA~ ATha dRSTiyoM kA saMkSipta varNana kiyA jAtA hai / (1) mitrA dRSTiH - isa dRSTi meM darzana kI maMdatA, ahiMsAdi yamoM kA pAlana karane kI icchA aura deva pUjAdi dhArmika anuSThAnoM meM akhedatA hotI hai / yadyapi isa dRSTi meM sAdhaka ko jJAna to prApta hotA hai, tathApi usa jJAna se spaSTa tattvabodha nahIM hotA, kyoMki mithyAtva athavA ajJAna itanA ghanA hotA hai ki vaha darzana, jJAna para AvaraNa DAla detA hai / phira bhI sAdhaka sarvajJa ko antaHkaraNapUrvaka namaskAra karatA hai, AcAryaM evaM tapasvI kI yathocita sevA karatA hai tathA auSadhadAna, zAstradAna, vairAgya, pUjA, zravaNa-paThana, svAdhyAya Adi kriyAoM - bhAvanAoM kA pAlana-cintana karatA hai / mAdhyasthAdi bhAvanAoM kA cintana karane aura mokSa kI kAraNabhUta sAmagriyoM ko juTAte rahane 1. jisameM vedya viSayoM kA yathArthasvarUpa jAnA jA sake aura usameM apravRtti buddhi paidA ho vaha vedya-saMvedyapada hai aura jisameM bAhya vedya viSayoM kA yathArthasvarUpa meM saMvedana aura jJAna na kiyA jA sake vaha avedyasaMvedyapada hai / 2. tRNagomaya kASThAgnikaNa dIpaprabhopamA / ratnatArArkacaMdrAbhAH krameNekSvAdi sannimA / --yogAvatAradvAtriMzikA, 26 3. yamAdiyogayuktAnAM khedAdiparihArataH / adveSAdiguNasthAna krameNaiSA satAM matA // - yogadRSTisamuccaya, 16 4. mitrAdvAtriMzikA, 1

Page #237
206 jaina yoga kA AlocanAtmaka adhyayana ke kAraNa ise yogabIja bhI kahA gayA hai / isa dRSTi ko tRNAgni kI upamA dI gayI hai / isa dRSTi meM sAdhaka apanI AtmA ke vikAsa kI icchA to karatA hai, parantu pUrvajanma ke saMskAroM arthAt karmoM ke kAraNa vaisA kara nahIM pAtA / (2) tArA dRSTi - isa dRSTi meM sAdhaka mokSa kI kAraNabhUta sAmagriyoM arthAt yogabIja kI pUrNataH taiyArI karake samyakabodha prApta karane meM samartha hotA hai / sAtha hI, isa dRSTi meM sAdhaka ko zaucAdi niyamoM kA pAlana karate hue Atmahita kA kArya karane meM udva ega nahIM hotA aura usakI tAttvika jijJAsA jAgrata hotI hai / isa avasthA meM mithyAtva ke kAraNa sAdhaka athavA yogI ko kaNDAgni kI taraha kSaNika satya kA bodha hotA hai / isa avasthA meM gurusatsaMga ke kAraNa sAdhaka kI azubha pravRttiyA~ banda ho jAtI haiM aura saMsArasambandhI kisI bhI prakAra kA bhaya nahIM rahatA / phalataH vaha dharma-kAryAdi meM anajAne bhI anucita vartana nahIM karatA / vaha itanA sAvadhAna rahatA hai ki apane dvArA kiye gaye vrata, pUjanAdi kriyAkalApoM se dUsaroM ko tanika bhI duHkha na ho / " isa prakAra sAdhaka vairAgya kI tathA saMsAra kI asAratA sambandhI yogakathAoM ko sunane kI icchA rakhate hue bar3e logoM ke prati samatAbhAva rakhatA hai aura unakA Adara-satkAra karatA hai / " agara pahale se usake mana meM yogI, saMnyAsI, sAdhu Adi ke prati anAdara kA bhAva ho to bhI vaha isa avasthA meM anAdara ke badale prema aura sadbhAvanA kA vyavahAra 1. yogadRSTisamuccaya, 22-23; 26-28 2. tArAyAM tu manAk spaSTa, niyamazca tathAvidhaH / anudvego - hitArambhe, jijJAsA tattvagocarA / vahI, 41 3. bhayaM nA'tIva bhavajaM kRtyahAnirna cocite / tathAnA bhogato'pyuccairna cApyanucitakriyA // - vahI, 45 4. vahI, 46 5. ( ka ) bhavatyasyAma vibhinnAprItiyogakathAsu ca / yathAzaktyupacArazca bahumAnazca yogiSu // - tArAdvAtriMzikA, 6 (kha) adhyAtmatattvaloka, 46

Page #238
adhyAtma-vikAsa 207 karatA hai| vaha saMsAra kI vividhatA tathA mukti ke sambandha meM cintanamanana karane meM asamartha hokara bhI sarvajJa dvArA nirdiSTa athavA upadiSTa kathanoM para zraddhA rakhatA hai / ' hA~, isa avasthA meM sAdhaka ko samyagjJAna na hone se acchI-burI cIjoM meM antara karane kA jJAna nahIM hotaa| phalataH jo svabhAva AtmA kA nahIM hai, usIko bhUla se AtmasvarUpa mAna baiThatA hai| isI ajJAna ke kAraNa vaha sarvajJa ke kathita tattvoM para zraddhA rakhatA hai| isa prakAra isa dRSTi meM sAdhaka yogalAbha prApta karane kI utkaTa AkAMkSA rakhate hae bhI ajJAna ke kAraNa anucita kAryoM meM lagA rahatA hai| matalaba yaha ki satkArya meM lage rahane para bhI sAdhaka meM azubha pravRttiyA~ rahatI haiN| (3) balA dRSTi-isa dRSTi meM yogI sukhAsana-yukta hokara kASThAgni jaisA teja evaM spaSTa darzana prApta karatA hai| use tattvajJAna ke prati abhiruci utpanna hotI hai tathA yogasAdhanA meM kisI prakAra kA udvega nahIM hotaa| dUsare zabdoM meM, jisa prakAra sundara yuvaka sundara yuvatI ke sAtha nAca, gAnA sunane meM dattacitta hokara atIva Ananda kI prApti karatA hai, usI prakAra zAnta sthira pariNAmI yogI bhI zAstra-zravaNa devagurupUjAdi meM utsAha athavA Ananda kI prApti karatA hai| prathama do dRSTiyoM meM sAdhaka kI manosthiratA utanI sudRr3ha nahIM ho pAtI hai jitanI isa dRSTi meM / isakA kAraNa yaha hai ki cAritrapAlana kA abhyAsa karatekarate sAdhaka kI vRttiyA~ ekAgra ho jAtI haiM aura tattvacarcA meM bhI vaha sthira ho jAtA hai| yahAM taka ki sAdhaka vividha AsanoM kA sahArA lekara cAritra-vikAsa kI sArI kriyAoM ko Alasarahita hokara sampAdita karatA hai, jinase bAhya padArtho ke prati tRSNA athavA Asakti kama ho jAtI hai aura vaha dharma-kriyA meM nirata ho jAtA hai / bhale hI tattva1. yogadRSTisamuccaya, 47-48 2. sukhAsanasamAyuktaM balAyAM-darzanaM dRDhaM / parA ca tattva-zuzrUSA na kSepo yogagocaraH / / - vahI, 49 3. kAntakAntAsametasya divyageyazrutI yathA / yUno bhavati zuzrUSA tathAsyAM tattvagocarA // -vahI, 52 4. asAdhu tRSNAtvarayorabhAvAvAt sthiraM sukhaM cAsanamAvirasti / --adhyAtmatattvaloka, 98

Page #239
208 jaina yoga kA AlocanAtmaka adhyayana carcA sunane ko mile athavA na mile; parantu usakI bhAvanA itanI nirmala evaM pavitra ho jAtI hai ki usakI icchA mAtra se hI usakA karmakSaya hone lagatA hai / " zubha pariNAma ke kAraNa samatAbhAva kA vikAsa hotA hai, phalasvarUpe vaha apanI priya vastuoM kA bhI Agraha nahIM rakhatA / use jaisI bhI vastu jIvana-yApana ke lie mila jAtI hai, usImeM vaha santuSTa rahatA hai / isa prakAra isa dRSTi meM sAdhaka kI vRttiyA~ zAnta ho jAtI haiM, sukhAsanoM dvArA mana sthira ho jAtA hai, samatAbhAva kA udaya ho jAtA hai aura Atmazuddhi bar3hatI jAtI hai / (4) vIprA dRSTi - yaha dRSTi prANAyAma evaM tattvazravaNa se saMyukta hotI hai aura sUkSmabhAvabodha se rahita / isameM utthAna nAmaka doSa arthAt citta kI azAnti bhI nahIM rahatI hai / batAyA jAtA hai ki dIpaka ke prakAza kI bhAMti isa dRSTi kA darzana spaSTa aura sthira hotA hai / phira bhI havA ke jhoMke se jisa prakAra dIpaka bujha jAtA hai, usI prakAra tIvra mithyAvaraNa ke kAraNa yaha darzana bhI naSTa ho jAtA hai / prANAyAma nAmaka yaugika kriyA ke saMyoga se isa dRSTi meM zArIrika tathA mAnasika sthiratA AtI hai / jisa prakAra prANAyAma na kevala zarIra ko hI sudRr3ha banAtA hai, balki Antarika nAr3iyoM ke sAtha-sAtha mana ke maila ko bhI dhotA hai, ThIka usI prakAra isa dRSTi meM recaka prANAyAma kI taraha bAhya parigrahAdi viSayoM meM mamatva-buddhi to rahatI hai, lekina pUraka prANAyAma kI taraha vivekazakti kI vRddhi bhI hotI hai aura kumbhaka prANAyAma kI taraha jJAna keMdrita hotA hai / ise bhAvaprANAyAma bhI kahA gayA hai / " isa para jisa sAdhaka ne adhikAra prApta kara liyA hai, vaha binA saMzaya 1. zrutAbhAve'pi bhAve'syAH zubhabhAvapravRttitaH / phalaM karmakSayAkhyaM syAt parabodha nibaMdhanam // -- yoga dRSTisamuccaya, 54 2. pariSkAragataH prAyo vidhAto'pi na vidyate / avidyAtazca sAvadya parihArAnmahodayaH // - vahI, 56 3. prANAyAmavatI dIprA, na yogotthAnavatyalam / tattvazravaNa-saMyuktA, sUkSmabodha - vivarjitA // - vahI, 57 4. recanAdbAhya bhAvanAmantarbhAvasya pUraNAt / kumbhanAnnizcitArthasya prANAyAmazca bhAvataH // - tArAdvAtriMzikA, 19

Page #240
209 adhyAtma-vikAsa ke prANoM se bhI jyAdA dharma para zraddhA rakhane lagatA hai| vaha dharma ke lie prANa tyAga sakatA hai, lekina prANa kI rakSA ke lie dharma kA tyAga nhiiN|' arthAt isa dRSTi se sampanna sAdhaka cAritra meM yama-niyamoM kA pAlana samyakrUpa se karatA hai aura bAdhA yA saMkaTa upasthita hone para vratoM ke pAlana se mu~ha nahIM modd'taa| isa dRSTi meM sAdhaka apane cAritrya kA vikAsa to karatA hai lekina pUrNa AtmajJAna kI prApti karane lAyaka nhiiN| vaha bAhya padArtho kI kSaNikatA aura sAMsArika sukhazAnti ke marma ko bhI pahacAna letA hai| isalie vaha jagat, AtmA tathA puNya-apuNya ke saMbaMdha meM jAnane ke lie guru, muni Adi ke pAsa jAne ko utsuka rahatA hai| phira bhI tIvra mithyAtva ke kAraNa vaha karmakSaya karane meM samartha nahIM hotA aura na samyagdarzana prApta karane meM hI samartha hotA hai| isa prakAra yaha dRSTi bhI mithyAtvamaya hI hotI hai| uparyukta cAra dRSTiyoM ko oghadRSTi athavA mithyAtva kI kAraNabhUta kahA gayA hai, kyoMki ina dRSTiyoM meM pUrvasaMcita karmo ke kAraNa, dhArmika vrata niyamoM kA yathAvidhi pAlana karane se bhI samyagjJAna nahIM hotA aura na bodha hI ho pAtA hai| yadi tattvajJAna kI prApti ho jAya to bhI vaha spaSTa nahIM ho sktii|' mithyAtva kI isI saghanatA ke kAraNa ina dRSTiyoM ke jIvoM ko avedya-saMvedya pada kahA gayA hai, kyoMki ajJAnavaza jIva apanA AcaraNa maDhavat karatA hai, jisake kAraNa aneka duHkha utpanna hote haiN| dUsare zabdoM meM isa avedya-saMvedya pada ko bhavAbhinandi bhI kahA gayA hai aura batAyA gayA hai ki isa avasthA meM jIva aparopakArI, matsarI, 1. prANebhyo'pi gururdharmaH satyAmasthAmasaMzayam / prANAMstyajatidharmArtha na dharma prANasaMkaTe ||-yogdRssttismuccy, 58 2. mithyAtvamarimaMzca dRzAM catuSke'vatiSThate granthyavidAraNena / -adhyAtmatatvaloka, 108 3. natadvato'yaM tattvattve kadAcidupajAyate / -yogadRSTisamuccaya, 68 4. avedyasaMvedyapadAbhidheyo mithyAtvadoSAzaya ucyate sma / ugrodaye tatra vivekahInA adhogati mUDhadhiyo vrajanti / -adhyAtmatatvaloka, 109

Page #241
210 jaina yoga kA AlocanAtmaka adhyayana bhayabhIta, mAyAvI, sAMsArika prapaMcoM meM rata aura prArambhika kAryo meM niSphala hotA hai / vaha saMsAra ke bhogoM meM utkaTa icchA rakhane ke kAraNa janma, jarA, maraNa, vyAdhi, roga, viyoga anartha Adi aneka prakAra ke kaSToM ko bhI bhogatA hai| iMdriyoM kI tRpti evaM ghora bhogavilAsa meM lIna rahane ke kAraNa tRSNA, vAsanA Adi bhAvanAeM aura bar3hatI jAtI haiM tathA unake parihAra kI pravRtti nahIM hotI hai| isa prakAra sAMsArika padArthoM ke aneka rUpoM ko samajhanA tathA saMcita evaM saMcayamANa karmoM ko naSTa karanA Avazyaka mAnA gayA hai, kyoMki ina karmoM kA cheda karane tathA sAMsArika kAraNoM ko jAnane para hI sUkSmatattva kI prApti hotI hai| ina avasthAoM meM sadguru ke nikaTa zrutajJAna sunanA, satsaMga ke pariNAma evaM yoga dvArA Atma vikAsa kI vRddhi karanA Avazyaka mAnA gayA hai, kyoMki isase jahAM saMsArAbhimukhatA kA viccheda hotA hai vahAM avedya-saMvedya pada bhI naSTa hotA hai5 tathA duHkha yA kaSAyoM para kramazaH vijaya prApta karatA huA jIva mokSAbhimukha banatA hai| saMkSepa meM, ye cAra dRSTiyAM mithyAtva-avasthA kI haiM aura ina avasthAoM ke jIva yama, niyamoM tathA anya dhArmika anuSThAnoM ke vidhivat pAlana karane se zAnta, bhadra, vinIta, mad evaM cAritra saMpanna banate haiM tathA mithyAtva ko kramazaH vinaSTa karake adhyAtmasAdhanA meM vikasita hote haiM / (5) sthirA dRSTi : isa dRSTi meM se mukta jIva darzana pratyAhAra se yukta 1. kSudro lAbharatirdInau matsarI bhayavAn zaThaH / ajJo bhavAbhinandi syaannissphlaarNbhsNgtH| -yogadRSTisamuccaya, 76 2. vahI, 78-79 bhaugAMgeSu tathaiteSAM, na tadicchA parikSaye / -vahI, 81 4. bhavAmbhodhi samuttArAt karmavajravibhedataH / jJeya vyAptezcakAtsnyena sUkSmatvaM nAyamatra tu / -vahI, 66 avedyasaMvedyapadaM satsaMgAgamayogataH / taburgatipradaM jaiyaM paramAnanda mibbhtaa| -tArAdvAtriMzikA, 32 zAntI vinItazca mRduH prakRtyA bhadrastathA yogyacaritrazAlI / mithyAdRgapyucyata eva sUtre vimuktipAtraM stutadhArmikatvaH / / -adhyAtmatattvaloka, 120

Page #242
adhyAtma-vikAsa 211 kRtya, abhrAnta, nirdoSa evaM sUkSmabodhavAlA hotA hai, kyoMki pratyAhAra ke kAraNa isa dRSTi meM sAdhaka kI mAnasika sthiti saMtulita rahatI hai arthAt vaha bAhya bhoga-vilAsa kI ora se athavA apanI iMdriyoM ke viSayoM se mukta hokara mAtra cAritra-vikAsa para hI apane ko keMdrita karatA hai| phalataH usakI bhrAntiyA~ miTa jAtI haiM, sUkSmabodha athavA bheda-jJAna ho jAtA hai, iMdriyAM saMyamita ho jAtI haiM, dharma-kriyAoM meM AnevAlI bAdhAoM kA parihAra ho jAtA hai aura paramAtma svarUpa ko pahacAnane kA prayatna karane lagatA hai / isa dRSTi kI upamA ratna kI kAnti ' se dI gayI hai jo sthira, saumya, zAnta aura dIpta hotI hai| . (6) kAntAdRSTi : isa dRSTi kA svarUpa tAroM ke Aloka ke samAna sthira, zAnta aura cira prakAzavAna hotA hai isa dRSTi meM dhAraNA nAmaka yoga ke saMyoga se yogI ko susthira avasthA prApta hotI hai, paropakAra evaM savicAroM se usakA hRdaya plAvita hotA hai tathA usake doSa arthAt citta kI vikalatA naSTa ho jAtI hai| pUrva kI dRSTiyoM meM jahAM sAdhaka apane cAritrika saMyama ke dvArA kevala karmagraMthiyoM ko chedane meM prayatnazIla thA; vahAM isa dRSTi meM sAdhaka cAritra-vikAsa kI apUrvatA prApta kara letA hai, citta kI sArI malinatAoM ko dUra kara detA hai aura usakI pratyeka kriyA ahiMsA-vRtti ko paricAyikA bana jAtI hai| phalataH iMdriyoM ke caMcala viSayoM ke zAnta ho jAne tathA dhArmika sadAcAroM ke samyaka paripAlana se usakA svabhAva kSamAzIla bana jAtA hai vaha jahAM bho jAtA hai, vahAM sabhI prANiyoM kA priyapAtra bana jAtA hai / 1. sthirAyAM darzanaM nityaM pratyAhAravadeva ca / kRtyamabhrAntamanaghaM suukssmbodhsmnvitm| -yogadRSTisamuccaya, 152 2. evaM vivekino dhIrAH prtyaahaarpraastthaa| dharmabAdhAparityAga-yatnavantazca tattvataH / ___ vahI, 156 3. kAntAyAmetadanyeSAM prItaye dhAraNA praa| ato'tra nAnyamunnityaM mImAMsA'sti hitodyaa| -yogadRSTisamuccaya, 160 4. asyAM tu dharmamAhAtmyAtsamAcAravizuddhitaH / priyo bhavati bhUtAnAM dharmekAnamanAstathA / -vahI, 161

Page #243
212 jaina yoga kA AlocanAtmaka adhyayana / isa prakAra pUrvavartI dRSTiyoM kI prApti ke atirikta isa dRSTi meM sAdhaka ko zAnta, dhIra evaM parama Ananda kI anubhUti hone lagatI hai, samyagjJAna kI prApti se use sva-para vastu kA bodha ho jAtA hai tathA IrSyA, krodha, matsara Adi doSoM kA sarvathA parihAra ho jAtA hai| ataH yaha dRSTi sAdhaka ke zAnta evaM nirmala citta kI prApti meM sahAyaka hotI hai aura Age kI dRSTiyoM kI pUrNatA meM pramukha bhUmikA nibhAtI hai| (7) prabhAdRSTi / isa dRSTi meM yaugika dhyAna ko aMga ke rUpa meM svIkAra. kiyA gayA hai, jisake phalasvarUpa yaha dRSTi yogI ko AtmasvarUpa ke cintana meM prerita karatI hai| isa dRSTi meM sUrya ke prakAza kI taraha atyaMta suspaSTa darzana kI prApti hotI hai| kisI bhI prakAra kA roga nahIM hotA tathA pratipAti nAmaka guNa kA AvirbhAva hotA hai, jo sAdhaka-yogI ke patana kI ora na jAne kA spaSTa saMketa hai isa avasthA meM sAdhaka ko itanA AtmavizvAsa ho jAtA hai ki vaha kaSAyoM meM lipta hote hue bhI alipta-sA rahatA hai, rogAdi klezoM se pIr3ita hone para bhI vicalita nahIM hotA / arthAt bhoga sAmagriyoM kI pracuratA rahane para bhI vaha unako aMgIkAra nahIM karatA hai athavA unako kSudra samajhatA hai / dhyAna ke kAraNa yogI ke mAnasika antardvadva meM kamI A jAtI hai, usakI samatvabuddhi vikasita hone lagatI hai tathA vaha dRr3hatA se Atmacintana meM lIna ho jAtA hai, jahA~ vaha pahale ajJAnatAvaza kisI bhI duHkha ko dUsaroM ke adhIna tathA kisI bhI sukha ko apane adhIna samajhatA thA; vahAM aba zAnta evaM kSamAbhAva se zatru, mitra, anya dharmoM ke zAstroM Adi ko samabhAva evaM Adara kI dRSTi se dekhane lagatA hai, kyoMki isa dRSTi meM use samyagdarzana ho jAtA hai aura vaha sukha-duHkha, acchA-burA Adi bhAvanAoM se Upara uThakara Atmasukha kI prApti meM laga jAtA hai| aisI sthiti meM usakI viSama vRtti ke badale prANiyoM meM samatA arthAt asaMgAnuSThAna udita hotA hai, icchAoM kA nAza ho jAtA hai aura vaha sadAcAra kA pAlana karate 1. dhyAna-priyAprabhA yena nAsyAM rugata eva hi / tattvapratipattiyutA vizeSeNa zamAnvitA / -yogadRSTisamuccaya, 168 1. sarva paravazaM duHkhaM sarvamAtmavazaM sukham / etaduktasamAsena lakSaNaM sukhduHkhyo| -sadRSTidvAtriMzikA, 19

Page #244
adhyAtma-vikAsa 213 hue mokSamArga kI ora agrasara hotA hai arthAt yahIM se usake mokSamArga kA prAraMbha ho jAtA hai / ' isa saMdarbha meM asaMgAnuSThAna ke cAra prakAroM kA ullekha kara denA ucita hogA / asaMgAnuSThAna ke cAra prakAra ye haiM - ( 1 ) prIti, (2) bhakti, (3) vacana aura ( 4 ) asaMgAnuSThAna | strI kA pAlana-poSaNa karane meM jaise rAgabhAva hote haiM, vaise hI rAga arthAt kaSAyoM se yukta vyApAroM ko prIti-anuSThAna kahA gayA hai / jaisI bhakti athavA sneha mAM-bApa aura guru kI sevA karane meM hotA hai, vaisI hI bhakti AcArAdi kriyAoM meM honA bhakti-anuSThAna hai / zAstrayukta AcAra-vicArAdi vacanAnuSThAna haiM, tathA usI vacanAnuSThAna meM svAbhAvika pravRtti ko asaMgAnuSThAna kahA gayA hai / 3 ataH ina anuSThAnoM ke saMyoga se yogI svabhAvataH bAhya vastuoM ke prati mamatArahita hokara AtmakalyANa kI aura mur3atA hai aura siddhi prApta karatA hai / isa prakAra vaha kramazaH kevalajJAna prApta karatA hai / anyayoga meM isa avasthA ko prazAMtavAhitA, visaMbhAga-parikSaya, zaivavartma aura dhru vAdhvA bhI kahA gayA hai aura batalAyA gayA hai ki yaha AtmA ko utkRSTa dazA hai, jahAM jIva ko sacce sukhAnaMda kI prApti hotI hai / (8) parAdRSTi yaha dRSTi samAdhiniSTha, saMgAdi doSoM se rahita, Atma-pravRttiyoM kI kArikA, jAgarUka tathA uttorNAzayavAlI hotI hai / " vastutaH yaha sarvottama tathA antima avasthA hai / isameM paramatattva kA sAkSAtkAra hotA hai / isalie ise caMdraprabhA kI taraha zAnta evaM saumya mAnA gayA hai / yaha dRSTi samAdhi kI avasthA mAnI gaI hai, jisameM mana ke sabhI vyApAra avaruddha ho jAte haiM aura AtmA kevala AtmA ke rUpa ko 1. satpravRttipadaM cehA'saMgAnuSTAna saMjJitam / mahApathaprayANaM yadanAgAmipadAvaham / 2. tatprItibhaktivacanAsaMgopadadaM catuvidhaM gItam / tattvAbhijJaiH paramapadasAdhanaM sarvamevaitat / 3. vahI, 11 / 3-7 4. prazativAhitAsaMjJaM visabhAgaparikSayaH / ziva dhruvAveti yogibhirgIyate hyadaH / 5. samAdhiniSThA tu parA, tadA saMgavivarjitA / sAtmIkRtapravRttizca taduttIrNAzayeti ca / -- yogadRSTisamucca 173 - SoDazaka, 1012 -- yogadRSTisamuccaya, 174 - vahI, 176

Page #245
214 jaina yoga kA AlocanAtmaka adhyayana hI dekhatI hai, kyoMki dhyAna meM jahAM dhyeya kA Alambana hotA hai, vahAM samAdhi meM dhyeya, dhyAtA tathA dhyAna isa tripuTI kA aMza bhI nahIM rahatA / yaha avasthA AsaktihIna aura doSarahita hotI hai| isa avasthA vAle yAgI ko sAMsArika vastuoM ke prati na moha hotA hai, na Asakti aura na usameM kisI prakAra ke doSa hI raha jAte haiN| vaha mokSa kI icchA bhI nahIM karatA hai, kyoMki icchA kA honA parigraha haiM aura isa dRSTi se icchA kaSAya-mUlaka bhI hai| isa prakAra anAcAra tathA aticAra se varjita hone ke kAraNa sAdhaka yogI kSapakazreNI' athavA upazamazreNI dvArA AtmavikAsa karatA hai| AThaveM gaNasthAna ke dvitIya caraNa se yogI pragati karate hue kSapakazreNI dvArA cAra ghAtiyA karmoM ko naSTa karake pUrNa karma-saMnyAsayoga prApta karatA hai aura binA kisI bAdhA ke kevalajJAna prApta kara letA hai| __ isa prakAra samasta kaSAyoM ke kSINa hone ke kAraNa yogI ko aneka labdhiyA~ prApta hotI haiM aura vaha mumukSu jIvoM ke kalyANArtha upadeza detA hai| isa krama meM yogI nirvANa pAne kI sthiti meM yoga-saMnyAsa nAmaka yoga prApta karatA hai, jisake antima samaya meM zeSa cAra aghAtiyAkarmo ko naSTa karake vaha pAMca akSaroM ke uccAraNa mAtra samaya meM zailezI avasthA 1. jo sAdhaka tIvra savega Adi prayatnoM dvArA rAga, dveSa evaM moha ko kramazaH nirmUla karate karate uttarottara samatA kI zuddhi sAdhatA hai, vaha kSapaka zreNI hai| isa zreNI meM sAdhaka eka hI prayatna meM mukti pA jAtA hai| 2. jo sAdhaka apane saMklezoM ko arthAt karmoM kA mUlataH kSaya na karake unakA kevala upazama hI karatA hai arthAt sarvathA nirmUla nahIM kara pAtA vaha upazamazreNI hai / karmamala zeSa rahane se mokSa kI prApti usI janma meM nahIM hotI, balki use janmAntara lenA par3atA hai| 3. nirAcArapadohyasyAmaticAravijitaH / / ArUDhArohaNA bhAva gati vattvasya ceSTitam / -yogadRSTisamukcaya, 177 4. dvitIyA'pUrvakaraNe mukhyo'yamupajAyate / kevala zrIstatazcAsya niHsapatnA sdodyaa| -vahI, 180 5. kSINadoSo'tha sarvajJaH srvlbdhiphlaanvitH| paraM parArthaM saMpAdya tato yogAntamaznute / . -yogadRSTisamuccaya, 183

Page #246
adhyAtma-vikAsa ko prApta karatA hai arthAt mukti pAtA hai| mukta ho jAne para vaha punaH na usa avasthA meM AtA hai aura na saMsAra meM / arthAt mukta avasthA meM vaha anantazakti evaM anantavIrya dhAraNa karake Atmasukha meM lIna ho jAtA hai| usa avasthA meM mana ke koI vyApAra nahIM hote, na icchAeM hotI haiM, na vyAdhiyAM hotI haiM aura na kisI prakAra kA karma-kaSAya raha jAtA hai / ataH zarIra naSTa hone para mokSAvasthA meM jIva kA abhAva nahIM hotA parantu vahAM bhI vaha zuddha jJAnamaya tathA cetanAmaya hokara rahatA hai / ' isa saMdarbha meM yaha bhI ullekha kara denA Avazyaka hogA ki Agamika guNasthAnoM aura hArinadrIya uparyukta vargIkaraNa meM koI antara nahIM hai| kyoMki pahale cAra meM pahalA guNasthAna, pAMcavo aura chaThI meM cauthA, pAMcavAM aura chaThA guNasthAna; sAtavIM meM sAtavAM aura AThavAM guNasthAna tathA antima meM ATha se caudaha guNasthAna antarbhUta haiN| yogabindu ke anusAra AdhyAtmika vikAsa kI pA~ca sIr3hiyA~ bhI inhIM guNasthAnoM athavA ATha dRSTiyoM kA hI saMkSipta rUpa haiN| ye krama yA sIr3hiyA~ isa prakAra haiM--(1) adhyAtma, (2) bhAvanA, (3) dhyAna, (4) samatA aura (5) vRttisaMkSaya / ye pA~ca sIr3hiyA~ mokSa prApti meM uttarottara zreSTha samajhI gayI haiN| ina kramoM dvArA cAritra kA kramazaH vikAsa hotA haiM, jinameM vividha prakAra ke AcAra athavA aSTAMga yoga kI praNAliyA~ prayukta hotI haiM / arthAt AtmavikAsa ke krama meM yogI kina-kina sAdhanoM evaM paristhitiyoM se gujaratA hai, unakA saMkSipta varNana inameM huA hai / yahA~ inakA saMkSipta paricaya diyA jA rahA hai| ... (1) adhyAtma- apanI zakti ke anusAra aNuvrata, mahAvrata ko svIkAra karake maitrI Adi cAra bhAvanAoM kA bhalI bhAMti cintana-manana karanA hI adhyAtma hai / arthAt adhyAtma zabda ko yahA~ yaugika evaM ruDha donoM arthoM meM prayukta kiyA gayA hai / yaugika artha meM AtmA kA uddezya 1. vahI, 184-85 2. adhyAtmabhAvanAdhyAnaM samatAvRttisaMkSayaH / mokSeNayojanAdyoga eSa zreSTho yathottaram / -yogabindu, 31 3. aucityAdratayuktasya, vacanAtattvacintanam / maitryAdibhAvasaMyukta, madhyAtma tadvido viduH / -yogabhedadvAtriMzikA,

Page #247
216 jaina yoga kA AlocanAtmaka adhyayana paMcAcAra arthAt jJAna, darzana, cAritra, tapa evaM vIrya meM hotA hai aura rUr3hArtha meM AtmA kA uddezya bAhya vyavahAra se prApta hue mana kA maitrI, pramoda, mAdhyastha aura kAruNya bhAvanAoM meM abhyathita hotA hai / " (2) bhAvanA- isake antargata yogI ko uparyukta bhAvanAoM kA mana, vacana evaM kAya se cintana karanA hotA hai, jisase azubha karmoM kI nivRtti hotI hai tathA sadbhAvanAoM athavA samatAbhAva kI vRddhi hotI hai / ( vizeSa jAnakArI ke lie dekheM pUrva adhyAya ) | (3) dhyAna - citta ko bAhya dravyoM se haTAkara kisI eka sUkSma padArtha meM ekAgra karanA dhyAna hai / ( vizeSa vivaraNa ke lie pAMcavAM adhyAya dekheM) / (4) samatA - vyavahAra meM iSTa evaM aniSTa athavA zubhAzubha pariNAmoM ke prati taTastha vRtti rakhanA hI samatA hai, kyoMki isake dvArA sabhI prANiyoM ke prati samAna rUpa se prema hotA hai tathA sAdhaka nirbhaya hotA hai / isase karmabandha DhIle par3a jAte haiM / isa prakAra yaha AdhyAtmika vikAsa krama meM sAdhaka kI carama sImA mAnI gaI hai / (5) vRtti saMkSaya - mana evaM zarIra se utpanna cittavRttiyoM ko jar3a mUla se naSTa karanA vRtti-saMkSaya hai / " arthAt samasta karmoM kA avarodha 1. adhyAtmopaniSad, 12 2. abhyAsavRddhimAnasya, bhAvanA buddhisaMgataH / nivRttirazubhAbhyAsaM - bhUdAvavRddhizca tatphalam / - yogabhedadvAtriMzikA, 9; yogabindu, 359 3. upayoge vijAtIya, pratyayAvyavadhAnayAm 1 zubhekakapratyayo dhyAnaM, sUkSmAbhogasamanvitam / 4. nyavahArakudRSThayocca, riSTAniSTeSu vastuSu / kalpiteSu vivekena, tattvadhIH samatocyate / 5. vikalpaspandarUpANAM vRttInAmajanyajanmanAm / apumabhovatorodha: procyate vRttisaMkSayaH / - yogabhedadvAtriMzikA, 11: yogabindu, 361 - yogabhedadvAtriMzikA, 22 - vahI, 25 yogabindu, 365

Page #248
adhyAtma-vikAsa 217 karatA huA yogI kevalajJAna prApta kara zailezI avasthA meM pahuMcatA hai, jahAM vaha sabhI prakAra kI bAdhAoM se atIta sadAnandamayI mokSAvasthA 'ko prApta karatA hai|' isa prakAra jainayoga meM yoga kA prArambha, pUrvasevA se mAnA gayA hai kyoMki pUrvasevA se lekara samatA taka jo dhArmika anuSThAna sAdhaka karate haiM, ve dharma-vyApAra hone ke kAraNa yoga ke upAya mAtra haiN| parantu vRttisaMkSaya mokSAvasthA hone ke kAraNa mukhya yoga kahA jAtA hai| phira apunarbaMdhaka, jo mithyAtva ko tyAga kara samyaktva kI ora abhimukha hotA hai, vaha vyavahAra se tAttvika hai aura sakRdabandhaka ( jo eka bAra mithyAtva ko prApta karake phira se mukta hotA hai ) dvibaMdhaka ( jo do bAra mithyAtva meM par3akara mukta hotA hai ) atAttvika hai| arthAt adhyAtma; bhAvanA, apunarbandhaka evaM samyagdRSTi vyavahAranaya se tAttvika hai aura dezavirata evaM sarvavirata nizcayanaya se tAttvika haiM / apramatta, sarvavirata Adi guNasthAnoM meM dhyAna tathA samatA uttarottara tAttvika rUpa se hotI hai / vRttisaMkSaya terahaveM evaM caudahaveM guNasthAna meM hotA hai|' isa taraha ina pAMcoM ko arthAt adhyAtma se lekara dhyAnaparyanta ke cAroM svarUpoM ko samprajJAtayoga meM aura vRttisaMkSaya kI asamprajJAtayoga meM darzAyA gayA hai| isalie cauthe se bArahaveM guNasthAna taka samprajJAta yoga ko aura terahaveM se caudahaveM guNasthAna meM asamprajJAta samAdhi ko samajhanA caahie| 1. ato'pi kevalajJAnaM zailezIsaMparigrahaH / mokSaprAptiranAbAdhA sdaanndvidhaayinii| -yogabindu, 366 2. upAyatve'tra pUrveSAmantya evAvaziSyate / tatpaMcamaguNasthAnAdupAyo'vogati / -yogabhedadvAtriMzikA, 31 3. yogabhedadvAtriMzakA, 16; AdhyAtmikavikAsakrama, pR0 48

Page #249
: 7: yoga kA lakSya : labdhiyA~ evaM mokSa jaisA ki pahale batAyA gayA hai, yogI tapa, Asana, prANAyAma, samAdhi, dhyAna Adi dvArA yoga-siddhi karatA hai athavA mokSAbhimukha hotA hai| sAdhanA ke krama meM yoga sAdhaka cirakAla se upAjita pApoM ko vaise hI naSTa kara detA hai, jaise ikaTThI kI huI bahuta-sI lakar3iyoM ko agni kSaNa bhara meM bhasma kara detI hai| yoga sAdhanA ke hI krama meM aneka camatkArika zaktiyoM kA bhI udaya hotA hai, jinheM labdhiyA~ kahate haiN| ye labdhiyA~ alaulika zaktiyoM se sampanna hotI haiM, tathA sAmAnya mAnava ko Azcarya meM DAlane vAlI bhii| vastutaH jisa sAdhaka kA antima uddezya mokSa prApti hI hotA hai, vaha bhautika yA camatkArika labdhiyoM ke vyAmoha meM nahIM pha~satA / jaise-jaise yogI kA mana nirmala hotA jAtA hai vaise-vaise usameM samatA, vairAgya, sahanazIlatA, paropakAra Adi sadbhAvanAe~ jAgrata hotI jAtI haiN| lekina jo sAdhaka rAgadveSAdi bhAvanAoM ke vaza hokara raudra dhyAna dvArA labdhiyA~ ( zaktiyA~ ) pAne kI abhIpsA rakhate haiM ve Atmasiddhi ke mArga se cyuta hokara saMsAra meM bhramaNa karane lagate haiN| ataH labdhiyA~ mokSAbhimukha yogI ke lie bAdhaka hI siddha hotI haiN| isalie yogiyoM ko Adeza hai ki ve tapa kA anuSThAna kisI lAbha, yaza, . kIrti athavA paraloka meM indrAdi devoM jaise sukha athavA anya RddhiyA~ prApta karane kI icchA se na kreN| isa prakAra yoga-sAdhanA kA dhyeya zuddha Atmatattva kI prApti karanA hai aura labdhiyA~ usa yogamArga ke bIca AI huI phalasiddhi haiM, jo Atmatattva kI prApti karane meM bAdhaka bhI bana sakatI haiN| 1. kSiNoti yogaH pApAni, cirakAlAjitAnyapi / pracitAni yathaidhAMsi, kSaNAdevAzuzukSaNiH / -yogazAstra, 17 No ihalogaTTayAe tavamahiTThijjA, No paralogaTThayAe tavamahiTThijjA / No kittivaNNasaddasilogaTThayAe, tavamahiTThijjA naNNattha nijjaraTThayAe tvmhitttthijjaa| -dazavaikAlika sUtra, 9 / 4

Page #250
yoga kA lakSya : labdhiyA~ evaM mokSa 219 yogasAdhanA ke daurAna prApta hone vAlI labdhiyoM kA varNana vaidika, bauddha evaM jainayoga meM kramazaH vibhUti, abhijJA tathA labdhiyoM ke rUpa meM milatA hai aura kahA hai ki labdhiyoM kA upayoga laukika kAryoM meM karanA vAMchita nahIM hai / vaidika yoga meM labdhiyA~ : upaniSad meM spaSTa ullekha hai ki labdhiyoM se nirogatA, jarA-maraNa kA na honA, zarIra kA halkApana, Arogya, viSaya - nivRtti, zarIra kAnti, svara - mAdhurya, malamUtra kI alpatA, Adi prApta hotI hai / " isI prakAra vibhinna prakAra kI labdhiyoM kA varNana upaniSadoM, gItA, purANa evaM haThayogAdi graMthoM meM hai, jinakA vivecana-vizleSaNa karanA yahA~ abhISTa nahIM hai / yahA~ kevala yogadarzana meM varNita labdhiyoM kA paricaya hI abhipreta hai / yogadarzana meM yama, niyama Adi jo yoga ke ATha aMga kahe gaye haiM, unameM se prattyeka aMga kI sAdhanA se Abhyantara evaM bAhya donoM prakAra kI siddhiyA~ prApta hotI haiM / yama se prApta labdhiyoM arthAt vibhUtiyoM ke viSaya meM batAyA gayA hai| ki ahiMsAvrata ko pAlana karane vAle sAdhaka ke sAnnidhya meM hiMsra pazu bhI apanA krUra svabhAva chor3a dete haiM, satyavatI kA vacana kabhI mithyA nahIM hotA, asteyavrata se ratnasamRddhi prApta hotI hai / brahmacarya se vIrya saMgraha kA lAbha hotA hai tathA aparigraha se janma ke svarUpa kA bodha ho jAtA hai / niyama se prApta labdhiyoM ke viSaya meM kahA hai ki antarbAhya zauca ke pAlana se apane zarIra ke prati jugupsA tathA aliptatA kA bhAva udita hotA hai aura citta kI zuddhi, Ananda, ekAgratA evaM indriyajaya tathA Atmadarzana kI yogyatA prApta hotI haiM / santoSa se utkRSTa sukha, tapa se zarIra evaM indriyoM kI zuddhi, svAdhyAya se apane iSTa devatA kA sAkSA na tasya rogo na jarA na mRtyuH prAptasya yogAgnibhayaM zarIram / laghutvamArogyamalolupatvaM varNaprasAdaM svarasauSThavaM ca / gandhaH zubhomUtrapurISamalpaM, yogapravRtti prathama vadanti / 3 2. yogadarzana, 2/35; 36; 37; 38; 39 / - zvetAzvatara, 2 / 12-13

Page #251
220 jaina yoga ko AlocanAtmaka adhyayana tkAra aura Izvara praNidhAna se samAdhi ko siddhi hotI hai| Asana dvArA sardI evaM garmI kI bAdhA utpanna nahIM hotii| prANAyAma se vivekajJAnAvaraNa kA kSaya evaM vividha prakAra kI dhAraNA ke lie mana kI taiyArI hotI hai| pratyAhAra se samasta indriyoM para vijaya prApta hotI hai| isI prakAra atIta-anAgata kA jJAna, vibhinna prANiyoM kI boliyoM kI pahacAna dUsaroM kI cittavRtti kA jJAna, zarIra kI dIpti evaM halakApana, AkAza-gamana Adi kI prApti ke sAtha-sAtha sarvajJatA bhI prApta hotI hai|' ___ isa prakAra yogadarzana meM aneka vibhUtiyoM yA labdhiyoM kA vistRta varNana prApta hai, jinakI siddhiyA~ janma, auSadha, mantra, tapa, samAdhi Adi se prApta hotI haiN| bauddha-yoga meM labdhiyA~ : bauddha paramparA meM labdhiyoM kA varNana abhijJA nAma se milatA hai| bauddha yoga ke anusAra abhijJAe~ arthAt labdhiyAM do prakAra kI hotI haiMlaukika aura lokottara / 5 laukika abhijJAoM ke antargata Rddhividha, 'divyasrota, caitIpayejJAna-pUrvanivAsAnusmRti evaM cityotpAda abhijJAe~ haiM jinase kramazaH AkAzagamana, pazu pakSI kI boliyoM kA jJAna, paracitavijJAnatA, pUrvajanmoM kA jJAna tathA dUrastha vastuoM kA darzana hotA hai| lokottara abhijJA kI prApti taba hotI hai, jaba sAdhaka arhat avasthA ko prApta karake punaH janasAdhAraNa ke samakSa nirvANa-mArga ko batalAne ke lie upasthita hotA hai| jaina yoga meM labdhiyAM: vaidika evaM bauddha yoga kI hI bhAMti jaina yoga meM bhI tapa samAdhi, dhyAnAdi dvArA aneka prakAra kI labdhiyAM prApta karane kA varNana milatA 1. vahI, 2140-41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46 / 2. vahI, 2049, 53, 54 / / 3. vahI, 3 / 5,16, 17, 18, 26, 40, 41 42, 45, 48.50 / 4. janmoSadhimaMtratapaH samAdhijAH siddhayaH / yogadarzana, 4.1 5. vizuddhimArga, mArga 1, pR0 34 /

Page #252
yoga kA lakSya : labdhiyAM evaM mokSa 221 hai| anya jaina yoga granthoM kI apekSA jJAnArNava' evaM yogazAstra meM labdhiyoM kA vivecana spaSTa evaM vistRta rUpa meM huA hai| ina donoM graMthoM meM vistAra pUrvaka vibhinna prakAra kI labdhiyoM aura camatkArika zaktiyoM kA varNana hai jese janma-maraNa kA jJAna, zubha-azubha zakunoM kA jJAna, parakAyApraveza, kAlajJAna Adi / dhyAtavya hai ki ina labdhiyoM kI prApti jainayoga sAdhanA kA bAhya aMga hai, Antarika nahIM, kyoMki yoga-sAdhanA kA mUla uddezya karma evaM kaSAyAdi kA kSaya karake samyak darzana jJAna tathA siddhi rUpa meM mokSa prApta karanA hai| jainadarzana ke anusAra labdhi-prApti ke lie kucha karane kI AvazyakatA nahIM, ve to prAsaMgika phala ke rUpa meM svataH niSpanna yA prakaTa hotI hai| ataH sAdhaka athavA yogI ina labdhiyoM se yukta hokara bhI karmo ke kSaya kA hI upAya karate haiM tathA mokSapathika banate haiN| ve labdhiyoM meM anAsakta rahakara Atma sAdhanA meM lage rahate haiN| labdhiyoM ke prakAra : __ jaina yoga graMthoM meM labdhiyoM ke prakAroM ke viSaya meM vibhinna prati 'pAdana haiN| bhagavatIsUtra meM jahAM dasa prakAra kI labdhiyoM kA ullekha 1. dekheM jJAnArNava, prakaraNa 26 2. yogazAstra, prakAza 5, 6 3. jogANubhAvao ciya pAyaM na ya sohaNassa vi ya laabho| laddhINa vi sampattI imassa jaM vanniyA samae / rayaNAI laddhIo aNimAIyAo taha cittaao| mAmosahAiyAo tahA tahA jogavuDDhIe / eIya esa jutto samma asuhassa khavagamo neo| iyarassa bandhago taha suheNamiya mokkhagAmiti // -yogazataka, 83-85 vakriyadhvyodayo jnyaantpshcrnnsNpdH| zubhAzubhodayadhvaMsa phalamasyA rasasmRtaH / kathAdvAtriMzikA, 14

Page #253
jaina yoga kA AlocanAtmaka adhyayana 1 hai, vahAM tiloyapaNatI meM 64, Avazyaka niyukti meM 28, SaTakhaNDAgama meM 44, vidyAnuzAsana meM 48, maMtrarAjarahasya" meM 50 evaM pravacanasAroddhAra meM 28 labdhiyoM kA varNana hai / pravacana sArodvAra prarUpita 28 labdhiyoM kA saMkSipta paricaya isa prakAra hai 222 (1) Amosa hi - ( AmarSa auSadhi ) isa labdhi ke prabhAva se sAdhaka ke zarIra sparza mAtra se rogI svastha ho jAtA hai / (2) vipposa hi -- ( viyuSauSadhi ) isa labdhi ke prabhAva se yogI kA malamUtra auSadhi kA kAma karatA hai / (3) kheloSadhi-- isa labdhi ke prabhAva se yogI kI zleSmA se sugaMdha AtI hai aura usase roga - nivRtti hotI hai / (4) jaloSadhi-- isa labdhi ke prabhAva se yogI ke Adi ke maila se roga zAnta hote haiM / (5) sarvoSadhi - isake dvArA malamUtrAdi, nakha, keza Adi meM sugandha AtI hai aura unase roga dUra hote haiM / (6) saMbhinnastrotI - isa labdhi ke prabhAva se yogI zarIra ke pratyeka aGga dvArA sunane meM samartha hotA haiM aura sabhI indriyA~ eka dUsare kA kArya karane lagatI haiM / (7) avadhilabdhi - yaha avadhijJAnI muni ko prApta hotI haiM aura vaha bhUta-bhaviSya kA kathana kara sakatA hai / (8) Rjumati - yaha labdhi manaHparyAyajJAnI yogI ko prApta hotI hai jisake dvArA vaha saMjJI jIvoM ke manogata bhAvoM ko sAmAnya rUpa se jAnane meM samartha hotA hai / kAna, mukha, nAka dasavidhA laddhI paNatA, taMjahA-nANa laddhI, daMsaNaladdhI, caritaladdhI, caritAcaritaladdhI, dAgaladdhI, lAbhaladdhI, bhogaladdhI uvabhogaladdhI, vIriyaladdhI, iMdiyaladdhI / - bhagavatIsUtra, 82 2. tiloyapaNatI, bhAga 1 / 4 / 1067-91 3. Avazyaniryukta 69-70 4. SaTkhaNDAgama, khaNDa 4, 119 5. zramaNa, varSa 1665, aMka 1-2, pR0 73 6. pravacanasArodvAra, 270, 1492 - 1508

Page #254
yoga kA lakSya : labdhiyAM evaM mokSa 223 (9) vipulamati -- yaha labdhi manaHparyAyajJAnI yogI ko hI prApta hotI hai aura isake dvArA bhI saMjJI jIvoM ke manogata bhAvoM ko sahajatayA jAnA jAtA hai / (10) cAraNalabdhi - isa labdhi ko AkAzagAminI bhI kahate haiN| isa labdhi se AkAza meM Ane-jAne kI viziSTa zakti prApta hotI hai / isake do bheda haiM- jaMghAcAraNa evaM vidyAcAraNa / (11) AzIvizalabdhi - - isase zApa dene kI zakti prApta hotI hai | (12) kevalalabdhi - cAra ghAtiyakarmo arthAt jJAnAvaraNIya, darzanAvaraNIya, mohanIya tathA antarAya karmoM ke kSaya hone se kevalajJAnarUpI labdhi prApta hotI hai, jisase tInoM lokoM ko spaSTa dekhA jAtA hai | (13) gaNadharalabdhi - isa labdhi se gaNadharapada kI prApti hotI hai jisase sAdhaka tIrthaMkaroM ke pradhAna ziSya evaM gaNa ke nAyaka banate haiM / (14) pUrvadharalabdhi - isa labdhi se antarmuhUrta meM caudahapUrvo kA jJAna prApta hotA hai / (15) ahaMtula bdhi - - isake dvArA arhatpadakI prApti hotI hai / (16) cakravartIlabdhi - isa labdhi se cakravartI pada kI prApti hotI hai / caudaha ratnoM ke dhAraka tathA chaH khaNDa pRthvI ke svAmI ko cakravartI kahate haiM / (17) baladevalabdhi - isa labdhi se dvArA baladevapada kI prApti hotI haiN| (18) vAsudevalabdhi - - isa labdhi ke vAsudevapada kI prApti hotI hai / (19) kSoramadhusavirAstrabalabdhi - isa labdhi ke dvArA yogI ke vacana meM dUdha, madhu, tathA ghI kI madhuratA, miThAsa tathA snigdhatA AtI hai / (20) koSThaka buddhilabdhi - isa labdhi ke dvArA yogI gurumukha se eka hI bAra smRta, zravita evaM paThita jJAna ko akSaraza: grahaNa kara letA hai tathA cirakAla taka bhUla nahIM pAtA hai / (21) padAnusAriNI - isa labdhi ke prApta hone para yogI zloka kA eka pada sunakara hI usake Age yA pIche ke padoM ko jAna letA hai / (22) bIjabuddhi labdhi - sune hue grantha kA eka bIjAkSara jAnane se hI azruta pada evaM artho ko jAnalenA hI bIjabuddhilabdhi hai / (23) tejolezyA - mukha se nikalI huI jvAlA ke prabhAva se dUrastha, sUkSma tathA sthUla padArtho ko bhasma karane kI zakti tejolezyA hai /

Page #255
224 jaina yoga kA AlocanAtmaka adhyayana (24) AhArakalabdhi-vAda athavA carcA meM niruttara athavA parAjita hone para, usakA saMzaya nivAraNa karane ke lie athavA tIrthaMkaroM kA darzana karane ke lie yogI apane zarIra se eka hAtha kA putalA nikAlate haiM jo tIrthaMkara ke pAsa jAtA hai aura lauTakara yogI ke zarIra meM praviSTa ho jAtA hai / isa labdhi ko AhArakalabdhi kahate haiM / (25) zItalalezyAlabdhi-atyanta karuNAbhAva se prerita hokara tejolezyA se rakSArtha zItalalezyA ko chor3ane kI zakti prApta honA zItalalezyAlabdhi hai| (26) vaikriyalabdhi-isa labdhi ke prabhAva se zarIra ko choTA-bar3A, bhArI-halkA kiyA jAtA hai| (27) akSINamahAnasalabdhi- isa labdhi ke prabhAva se bhikSA yA bhojana sAmagrI taba taka samApta nahIM hotI jaba taka labdhidhArI yogI svayaM AhAra na kara le| (28) pulAkalabdhi--isa labdhi ke dvArA yogI ko aisI zakti prApta hotI hai ki vaha apane daNDa se putale ko nikAla kara zatru senA ko parAjita kara sakane meM samartha hotA hai / yaha zakti adRzya rahatI hai| pravacanasAroddhAra meM varNita kevalIlabdhi ke sthala para Avazyaka niyukti meM do svatantra labdhiyoM kA ullekha hai-kevalajJAnalabdhi aura kevalIlabdhi : pravacanasAroddhAra meM manaHparyAya ke do bheda ke AdhAra para vipulamati evaM Rjumati ina do labdhiyoM kA varNana huA hai, jaba ki Avazyakaniyukti ke anusAra ina donoM ke badale manaHparyAya nAmaka eka hI labdhi kA ullekha hai| pravacanasAroddhAra meM ullikhita kSIramadhura sapirAsrava nAmaka eka labdhi ke badale Avazyakaniyukti meM madhvAsrava, sapirAsrava tathA kSIrAsrava ina tIna labdhiyoM kA ullekha hai| pravacanasAroddhAra kI cAraNalabdhi Avazyakaniyukti meM 'AkAzagamitva' kI saMjJA se abhihita hai| pravacanasAroddhAra meM varNita gaNadhara tathA zItalalezyA nAma kI labdhiyAM Avazyakaniyukti meM nahIM pAI jaatii| vastutaH labdhiyA~ yaugika sAdhanA se hI utpanna hotI haiM, phira bhI ina labdhiyoM ke vyAmoha se yogI ko alaga hI rahane kA Adeza hai, kyoMki yogI kA lakSya AtmasAkSAtkAra karanA arthAt mokSa-prApti hotA hai, na ki labdhiyoM ke dvArA camatkAra pradarzita krnaa| hAM, ina labdhiyoM kA

Page #256
yoga kA lakSya : labdhiyAM evaM mokSa 225 upayoga yogI. apane AtmaguNoM ke vikAsa ke lie anAsaktabhAva se kara sakatA hai| vaidika yoga meM kaivalya athavA mokSa ___upaniSad, gItA, purANa, yogadarzana, yogavAsiSTha Adi vaidika granthoM meM batAyA gayA hai ki jaba yogI cit ko pUrNata: vizuddha banA letA hai, taba kevalya athavA mokSa kI prApti hotI hai| mokSa-prApti ke aneka upAya bhI nirdezita haiM, jinakA ullekha yathAsthAna ( cauthe, pAMcaveM adhyAya meM ) kiyA gayA hai| phira bhI yahA~ mokSa kI sthiti evaM prApti ke sambandha meM saMkSipta vivecana karanA ucita hogaa| amRtavindUpaniSad meM manAvarodha ko mokSa kA upAya batalAte hue yoga ke abhyAsa se jJAna prApta karane tathA mukti prApta karane kA ullekha hai| dhyAnavindUpaniSad evaM yogacUr3AmaNyupaniSad ke anusAra kuNDalinI zakti ke jAgrata hone para mokSadvAra kA bhedana hotA hai| yogadarzanAnusAra jIvAtmA kA sRSTi ke sAtha kartA va bhoktApana kA sambandha athavA puruSa va prakRti kA saMyoga hI duHkha kA kAraNa hai| Age kahA hai ki draSTA yA puruSa aura mana ke saMyoga kA kAraNa avidyA hai, aura usa avidyA ke bandhana ko tor3ane ke lie yoga ke aneka upAya haiN| vAsanA, kleza aura karma hI saMsAra hai athavA saMsAra ke kAraNa haiN| ataH ina vAsanAoM ko pUrNataH naSTa karake sva-svarUpa meM avasthita ho jAnA hI mokSa athavA kaivalya hai| dUsare zabdoM meM vAsanA kA kSaya hI mokSa athavA jIvanmukti hai, athavA mana aura puruSa ko 1. amRtavindUpaniSad, 115 2. yogAtsaMjAyate jJAnaM jJAnAdyogaH pravartate / . -trizikhibrAhmaNopaniSad, 19 3. dhyAnabindUpaniSad, 65.69 4. yogacUDAmaNyupaniSad, 36-44 5. yogadarzana, 2017 6. tasya heturavidyA |-vhii, 2 / 24 7. tadA draSTuH svarUpe'vasthAnam / vahI, 163 8. vAsanA prakSayo mokSaH sA jiivnmuktirissyte| -vivekacUr3AmaNi, 318 /

Page #257
226 jaina yoga kA AlocanAtmaka adhyayana samAna zuddhi hI kaivalya hai / mokSa, vANI tathA mana se arthAt tarkavitarka se pare athavA agocara hai / mokSa ke prasaMga meM jIvanmukta aura videhamukta kA bhI ullekha huA hai / jIvanmukta vaha avasthA hai, jisameM zarIra nAza ke pUrvaM kevala prArabdha karmoM kA bhAga hI zeSa rahatA hai / punaH zarIra naSTa hone para, jaba janma kI sambhAvanA hI nahIM rahatI, usa sthiti ko videhamukta kahA gayA hai / sAMkhyadarzanAnusAra yogI jaba saMcita tathA kriyamANa karmoM ko naSTa kara detA hai tathA prArabdha karmo kA bhoga samApta ho jAtA hai arthAt satva, raja evaM tama ke kArya banda ho jAte haiM, taba usa yogI ko videhamukta kahate haiM / aisI hI sthiti meM puruSa duHkhoM se aikAntika aura Atyantika nivRti ke dvArA kaivalya prApta karatA hai / bauddha yoga meM nirvANa bauddha yoga meM karma ko saMsAra kI jar3a batAte hue kahA hai ki vaha kabhI pIchA na chor3ane vAlI manuSya kI chAyA ke samAna hai" arthAt karmoM se vipAka pravartita hotA hai aura svayaMvipAka karma sambhava hai tathA karma se hI punarjanma athavA saMsAracakra prArambha hotA hai / isalie karma athavA saMsAra se vimukta hone ke lie bauddhayoga meM AcAratatva, aSTAMgika mArga ke antargata zIla evaM samAdhi kA satata abhyAsa karane kA nirdeza hai, jinake dvArA nirvANa kI prApti hotI hai / 7 1. satvapuruSayoH zuddhisAmye kaivalyamiti / - yogadarzana, 3 / 55 2. yato vAco nivarttante AprApya manasA saha / AnandaM brahmaNo vidvAn na bibheti kutazceneti / - taittirIyopaniSad 2 / 4 / 1 3. yogakuNDalyupaniSad, 3 / 33-35, dhyAnavindupaniSad, 86 - 90; yogazikhopaniSad, 157-60, yogavAsiSTha, 319114-25 4. sAMkhyakArikA, 66-68 5. milindaprazna, 3 / 2 / 16 6. kammA vipAkA vatanti vipAko kamma sambhavo / kammA punabbhavo hoti eva loko pavattatIti / - visuddhimagga 7. visuddhimagga, 96/68

Page #258
yoga kA lakSya : labdhiyAM evaM mokSa 227 bauddha-yoga ke anusAra nirvANa eka AdhyAmika anubhava hai, jisakI prApti ke lie AdhyAtmika vikAsa arthAt citazuddhi apekSita hai, kyoMki cittazuddhi athavA jIvana kI vizuddhi hI nirvANa hai|' nirvANa kI avasthA meM, koI cittamala nahIM rahatA arthAt yaha sampUrNa karmakSayoM ke kAraNa hone vAlI antima bhUmikA hai| yahI kAraNa hai ki jo sAdhaka athavA yogI isa avasthA meM pahu~catA hai, use kisI bhI prakAra kI AkAMkSA nahIM rahatI, saMsAra meM punaH lauTane kA bhaya nahIM hotA tathA vaha paramasukha yA Ananda prApta karatA hai|' nirvANa kI sthiti aura svarUpa ke sambandha meM svayaM buddha ne koI nirNAyaka uttara na dekara use avyAkRta kahA hai| lekina unake bAda AcAryoM ne dIpa-nirvANa kA AdhAra lekara nirvANa viSayaka aneka praznoM kA samAdhAna kiyA hai| milindaprazna ke anusAra nirvANa kA svarUpa isa prakAra hai-taSNA ke nirodha se upAdAna kA, upAdAna ke nirodha se bhava kA, bhava ke nirodha se janma kA aura punarjanma ruka jAne se bUr3hA honA, maranA, zoka, duHkha, becainI, parezAnI Adi sabhI prakAra ke duHkha samApta ho jAte haiN| tuSNA, rAga-dveSa, moha Adi saMsAra kI jar3a tathA sAdhaka (yogI) ke mana ko cazcala banAne ke kAraNa haiM, jinase vividha prakAra ke karmoM kA Asrava hotA hai / ataH rAga-dveSa, moha Adi kA kSaya kara denA hI nirvANa hai| dUsare zabdoM meM jisa prakAra tela aura battI ke rahane para dIpaka jalatA hai aura unake abhAva meM vaha bujha jAtA hai, usI prakAra zarIra chUTane para arthAt marane ke bAda anAsakti ke kAraNa anubhava kI gaI ye vedanAyeM zAnta par3a jAtI haiN| nirvANa kI sthiti meM duHkha kA leza bhI nahIM rahatA, balki vaha sthiti Ananda kI atyadhika parAkASThA 1. visuddhIti sabamalavirahitaM accantaparisuddha nibbANaM veditavyaM / -bisuddhimagga, 115 2. nibbAnaM paramaM sukhaM / -dhammapada, 15 / 8 3. milindaprazna, pR0 85 4. chatvA rAgaJca dosaJca tato nibbAnAmehisi / -dhammapada, 25 / 10 5. bauddhadarzana tathA anya bhAratIya darzana, pR0 501 6. milindaprazna, pR0 386

Page #259
228 jaina yoga kA AlocanAtmaka adhyayana hai / vaha sthiti indriyoM, kAla Adi se pare hai aura kevala mana dvArA jAnI jA sakatI hai / ' vaidika yoga kI hI bhA~ti bauddhayoga meM bhI nirvANa ke do prakAra varNita haiM - (1) sopAdhizeSa arthAt jIvanmukti tathA (2) anupAdhizeSa arthAt videhamukti / upAdhi kA artha yahA~ skandha hai / pA~ca skandhoM ke zeSa ho jAne para sopAdhizeSa nirvANa kI prApti hotI hai aura ina skandhoM kA nirodha ho jAne para anupAdhizeSa nirvANa prApta kiyA jAtA hai / " jaina yoga meM mokSa : 1 jaina yoga meM mokSa kA sthAna sarvAdhika mahattvapUrNa mAnA gayA hai / mAnava AtmavikAsa kI kramazaH sIr3hiyoM ko pAra karatA huA zuddha Atma svarUpa kI sthiti taka pahu~catA hai| AtmasAkSAtkAra arthAt AtmavikAsa kI vaha parama sthiti hI mokSa hai / ise pAne ke liye samyagdarzana, samyajJAna evaM samyak cAritra kI ekarUpa paripUrNatA apekSita hai, jo yoga kA hI AnuSaMgika rUpa hai / kyoMki rAgAdibhAvoM se yukta hone para AtmA caturgatiyoM meM bhramaNa karatA hai aura jaba yaha bhramaNa yAnI mana kA vyApAra ruka jAtA hai taba samasta karmoM kA AvAgamana ruka jAtA hai aura AtmA svabhAvataH nijasvarUpa meM sthita ho jAtA hai / 3 terahaveM guNasthAna athavA sUkSmakriyA pratipAti dhyAna meM yoga ( kriyA ) kI pravRtti rahane ke kAraNa kevalajJAna kI prApti hote hue bhI mukti nahIM hotI / ata: jaba sampUrNa yoga (kriyA) nirodha rUpa cAritrapUrNa hotA hai, tabhI mukti hotI hai / " isa prakAra saMsAra-bandhana evaM usake kAraNoM kA sarvathA abhAva tathA AtmavikAsa kI pUrNatA hI mokSa hai arthAt saMvara evaM nirjarA dvArA karmoM kA sampUrNa uccheda hI mokSa hai" kyoMki saMvara dvArA jahA~ AtmA meM naye 1. vahI, pR0 332 2. visuddhimagga, 16 / 73 3. bhaNide maNuvAvAre bhamaMti bhUyAi tesu rAyAdI / tANa virAme viramadi suciraM ammA saruvammi | -jJAnasAra, 46 * 4. sthAnAMga - samavAyAMga; pR0 159 5. ( ka ) mokSaH karmakSayo nAma bhogasaMkleza varjitaH / - pUrva sevAdvAtriMzikA, 22 (kha) bandharhatvabhAvanirjarAbhyAm / (ga) AptaparIkSA, 116 kRtsnakarmakSayo mokSaH / - tatvArthasUtra, 10 / 2-3, ---

Page #260
yoga kA lakSya : labdhiyoM evaM mokSa 229 karmoM kA praveza sarvathA ruka jAtA hai vahA~ nirjarA se saMcitakarmoM kA pUrNataH kSaya ho jAtA hai aura tabhI jIva (AtmA) ananta sukha kA anubhava karatA hai| saMsAra bandhana kA kAraNa mithyAtva, avirati, pramAda, kaSAya aura yoga. (pravRtti) hai aura inhIM kAraNoM se jIva apanI vivekazakti ko khokara bhrAnti kI avasthA meM saMsAra kI sabhI vastuoM ko apanI samajhane lagatA hai, jo saMsAra bhramaNa kA hetu hai| mohanIya karma ke kSaya se tathA jJAnAvaraNa, darzanAvaraNa aura antarAya karma ke kSaya se jIva ko kevala. jJAna prApta hotA hai| kevalajJAna kI yaha avasthA hI jIva kI arihanta avasthA hai aura isa avasthA meM mana, vacana aura kAya ke yoga meM se sUkSmakAya-yoga kA vyApAra calatA rahatA hai| ataH arihanta saMsArAvasthA ko pAra karake bhI saMsAra meM rahate haiM aura isIlie unheM jIvanmukta kahA jA sakatA hai| isa avasthA ko pAra karane ke lie cAra adhAtiyA karmo kA pUrNataH kSaya karanA hotA hai aura jaba AtmA arthAt jIva antima zukladhyAna meM sUkSmakAyayoga arthAt alpa zArIrika pravRti kA bhI sarvathA tyAga kara detA hai taba vaha acala, nirApada, zAnta, sukha sthAna ko pA jAtA hai jise zailezI avasthA kahate haiM / yaha sumeru-parvata ke samAna nizcala avasthA athavA sarva saMvara rUpa yoga-nirodha avasthA hai| isa zailezI avasthA meM AtmA atyanta vizuddha rahatI hai aura vahA~ kisI bhI prakAra kI icchA-anicchA kA sambandha hI nahIM hotaa| ' isa sandarbha meM, yaha dhyAtavya hai ki AtmA svayaM hI kartA-dhartA, gurure arthAt apane prati svayaM uttaradAyI hai| sampUrNa karmoM kA nAza hone para AtmA svayaM hI siddhAvasthA ko prApta hotI hai tathA eka samaya mAtra meM Rjugati se Urdhvagamana kara lokAkAza ke agrabhAga meM sthita ho jAtI hai jahAM kisI prakAra kA rAgabhAva na hone ke kAraNa sarvadA samatA1. mohakSayAjjJAnadarzanAvaraNAntarAyakSayAcca kevalam / -tatvArthasUtra, 101 2. nayatyAtmAnamAtmeva janma nirvANameva ca / . ___ gUrurAtmAtmanastasmAnnAnyo'sti prmaarthtH| -samAdhitantra, 75 3. (ka) tadanantaramUvaM gacchatyAlokAntAt / -tattvArthasUtra, 105 (kha) karmabandhanavidhvaMsAdUrvavrajyA svabhAvataH / / kSaNenekena muktAtmA jagaccUDAgramRcchati / -tattvAnuzAsana, 231 4. dveSasyAbhAvarUpatvAd dveSazcaika evahi / . rAgAt kSipraM kramAccAtaH prmaanndsNbhvH| -pUrva sevAdvAtriMzika, 32

Page #261
230 jaina yoga kA AlocanAtmaka adhyayana bhAva se paramAnanda kA anubhava karatI huI acala rahatI hai| aisI sthiti meM, mukta hone ke kAraNa, AtmA kA karma dvArA zarIra nirmANa nahIM hotA, lekina usakA AkAra prAyaH usa zarIra jitanA hI raha jAtA hai, jise tyAga kara vaha mukta huA hai| isI silasile meM yaha ullekha karanA bhI samIcIna hogA ki AtmA jaba taka saMsAra-bandhana meM rahatI hai taba taka vaha nAmakarma ke udaya ke kAraNa saMkoca-vistAra zarIra dhAraNa karatI hai aura mukta hone para, azarIrI bana jAtI hai| lekina AtmA jisa antima zarIra ke dvArA mokSa prApta karatI hai, usakA 13 bhAga ( mukha, nAka, peTa Adi khAlI aMgoM meM ) polA hotA hai, bAkI 213 bhAga meM usa jIvAtmA ke utane pradeza usa siddha sthAna meM vyApta ho jAte haiM, jise avagAhanA kahate haiM / isa taraha ananta jIva usa lokAkAza ke pradezoM meM virAjamAna hone para bhI paraspara avyAghAta rahane se, eka dUsare se, milakara abhinna nahIM ho jAte / pratyeka jIva kA apanA svatantra astitva kAyama rahatA hai| aisI hI AtmA saMsAra meM punarAgamana nahIM karatI kyoMki vaha vItarAga, vItamoha aura vIta dveSa hotI hai| eka dIpaka ke prakAza meM jaise aneka dIpoM kA prakAza samA jAtA hai, usI taraha eka siddha ke kSetra meM ananta si? ko avakAza dene kI jagaha hotI hai| siddhoM meM agurulaghu kA guNa bhI hotA hai, jisake kAraNa na vaha lohe ke samAna gurutA ke kAraNa nIce Ane ko vivaza hotA hai aura na rUI kI taraha halakA hone se vAyu kA anusaraNa hI karatA hai|" isa prakAra siddhAtmA zarIra, indriya, manavikalpa evaM karmarahita hokara anantavIrya ko prApta hotA hai aura nitya Ananda svarUpa meM lIna 1. muktyupAyeSu no ceSTAmala nAyava yttH| -muktya dveSaprAdhAnya dvAtriMzikA. 1 2. zarIraM na sa gahNAti bhUyaH krm-vypaayt:| ___ kAraNasyAtyaye kArya na kutrApi prarohati / -yogasAraprAbhRta, 719 3. tattvAnuzAsana, 232-33 4. uttarAdhyayana sUtra, 36 / 64 5. vRhadravyasagraha, 14

Page #262
yoga kA lakSya : labdhiyAM evaM mokSa 231 ho jAtA hai / ' AtmA kI yaha siddhAvasthA karmamukta, nirAbAdha, saMkleza rahita evaM sarvazuddha hotI hai, jahA~ nidrA, tandrA, bhaya, bhrAnti, rAga, dveSa, pIr3A, saMzaya, zoka-moha, jarA, janma-maraNa, kSudhA, tRSNA, kheda, mada, unmAda, mUrchA, matsara Adi doSa nahIM rahate haiN| isa avasthA meM AtmA meM na saMkoca kA bhAva hotA hai na vistAra kA / AtmA sadA eka avasthA meM rahatI hai| vaha anantavIrya evaM labdhiyoM kI prApti karake eka anirvacanIya sukhAnubhUti kA anubhava karatI hai| yaha sukhAnubhUti pArthiva sukhAnubhUti se sarvathA bhinna hai, jo mukta AtmA ko hI prApta hotI hai / sabhI prakAra ke saMsAra bandhanoM se mukta siddha AtmA ke vibhinna yogaparamparAoM meM aneka nAma haiN| brAhmaNoM ne jahA~ usa siddhAtmA ko brahma kahA hai, vahA~ vaiSNava, tApasa, jaina, bauddha, kaulika Adi ne kramazaH use viSNu, rudra, jinendra, buddha, kaula kahA hai / vastutaH siddhAvasthA athavA nirvANa aneka nAmoM se abhihita hokara bhI eka hI tattva kA bodhaka hai| - jaina darzanAnusAra Izvara vaha hai, jo na isa sRSTi kI racanA karatA hai aura na kRpAlu hI hai, balki vaha apane hI AtmasvarUpa meM lIna rahane vAlI eka svatantra sattA hai, jo sarvathA mukta hotI hai| ataH jitane bhI jIva mukta ho jAte haiM ve sabhI Izvara athavA parama-AtmA haiN| ye saMkhyA meM ananta haiN| 1. niSkala: karaNAtIto nirvikalpo niraMjanaH / anantavIryatApanno nityaanndaabhinnditH| -jJAnANaMva 39 / 68 2. ekAntakSINasaMklezo niSThitArthastatazca sH| nirAbAdhaH sadAnando muktAvAtmA'vatiSThate / -yogavindu, 504 3. jJAnArNava, 39 / 66-67 4. (ka) brAhmaNairlakSyate brahmA vissnnuHpiitaambraistthaa| rudrastapasvibhidRSTa eSa eka niraMjanaH / jinendro jalpyate jaina: buddhaH kRtvA ca saugataiH / kaulikaiH kola AkhyAtaH sa evAyaM sanAtanaH |-yogprdiip, 33 // 34 (kha) yogadRSTisamuccaya, 130 5. saMsArAtItatattvaM tu paraM nirvANasaMjJitam / taddhayekameva niyamAt zabdabheda'pi tattvAtaH / -yoga dRSTisamuccaya, 128

Page #263
jaina yoga kA AlocanAtmaka adhyayana isa prakAra nirvANa-prApta athavA siddhAvasthA-prApta AtmA apane Apa meM lIna rahane vAlA cidAtmA hai, jo na sRSTikartA hai na vinAzakartA hai aura na saMsAra kA rakSaka hI hai| siddha jIva pandraha prakAra ke hote haiN|' 1. jinasiddha athavA tIrthaMkarasiddha-tIrthaMkara pada prApti ke bAda jo jIva mokSa prApta karatA hai use jinasiddha athavA tIrthaMkarasiddha kahate haiN| 2. ajinasiddha athavA atIrthaMkarasiddha-binA tIrthakara hue mokSa prApta karanevAle ko ajinasiddha athavA atIrthaMkarasiddha kahate haiM / 3. tIrthasiddha-tIrthaMkara kI mukti ke bAda unake tIrtha meM mokSa prApta karanevAle jIva ko tIrthasiddha kahate haiN| 4. atIrthasiddha-tIrthaGkara hone ke pUrva siddhi prApta karanevAle jIva ko atIrthasiddha kahate haiN| __5. gRhasthaliMgasiddha-gRhastha-avasthA meM mukti prApta karanevAle jIva ko gRhasthasiddha kahate haiN| 6. anyaliMgasiddha-tApasa athavA parivrAjaka avasthA meM mukti pAne vAle jIva ko anyaliMgasiddha kahate haiN| arthAt nirgranthoM ke atirikta tApasa, parivrAjaka, saMnyAsI bhI mokSa ke adhikArI haiM / 7. svaliMgasiddha-sarvajJa bhagavAn ke kathita jainamuni ke veza meM jo jIva mokSa prApta karate haiM, unheM svaliMgasiddha kahate haiN| 8. strIliMgasiddha-strI zarIra se mukti pAne vAle jIva ko strIliMgasiddha kahate haiN| . 9. puruSaliMgasiddha-puruSa zarIra se jo jIva mokSa prApta kare use vaha puruSaliMgasiddha kahate haiM / 10. napuMsakaliMgasiddha-napuMsaka zarIra se jo jIva mokSa ko prApta karate haiM unheM napuMsakaliMgasiddha kahate haiN| 1. (ka) jiNaajiNatitthatitthA gihiannsliNgthiinrnpuNsaa| patteyasaMyabuddhA buddhabohikkaNikkAya / - nabatattvaprakaraNa, 52, (kha) prajJApanAsUtra 19 .

Page #264
yoga kA lakSya : labdhiyA~ evaM mokSa 11. pratyekabuddhasiddha--jo jIva nisargataH podgalika vastuoM kI kSaNabhaMguratA dekhakara vairAgya ko prApta karatA hai aura usake phalasvarUpa kevalajJAna prApti ke uparAnta mokSa prApta karatA hai use pratyekabuddhasiddha kahate haiN| 12. svayaMbuddhasiddha-jo jIva binA gurUpadeza ke athavA binA kisI bAhya nimitta ke pUrvabhava ke zratAdi ke abhyAsa ke kAraNa kevalajJAna ko prApta karake mokSa prApta karatA hai, use svayaMbuddhasiddha kahate haiN| 13. buddhabodhitvasiddha-guru ke upadeza se saMsAra kI asAratA kI tIvra bhAvanA se vairAgya evaM kaivalyajJAna ko prApta karake mokSa pAne vAle jIva ko buddhabodhitvasiddha kahate haiN| 14. ekasiddha--eka samaya meM eka hI jIva mokSa prApta karatA hai tathA usa samaya koI dUsarA jIva siddha nahIM hotA, vaise jIva ko ekasiddha kahate haiN| 15. anekasiddha-eka samaya meM aneka jIva bhI mokSa prApta karate haiM, aise jIvoM ko anekasiddha kahate haiN|

Page #265
upasaMhAra bhAratIya cintana kI samasta dhArAe~ manuSya ke AdhyAtmika vikAsa meM vizvAsa rakhatI haiM aura mokSa ko svIkAra karatI haiN| yahI kAraNa hai ki cArvAka ko chor3akara samasta bhAratIya dArzanikoM ke lie 'yoga' anivArya tattva bana gayA hai, isIlie saba ne mokSa-prApti ke sAdhana ke rUpa meM isakI mahattA kA pratipAdana kiyA hai| yaha eka nirvivAda satya hai ki yogapaddhati kI akSuNNa dhArA bhAratIya paramparA aura saMskRti ke sAtha gatizIla rahI hai| hA~. samaya-samaya para isake bAhya kriyA-kalApoM meM parivartana evaM parivarddhana bhI hote rahe haiM, phira bhI mUlatattva meM kisI prakAra kA parivartana nahIM A pAyA hai| veda meM jahA~ samAdhi ke artha meM prayukta 'yoga' zabda ke astitva kA darzana hotA hai tathA Izvara se abhaya, amarajyoti tathA viveka prApti ke lie prArthanA kI gaI hai, vahAM pAtaJjala yogadarzana meM ise cittavatti ke nirodha kA kAraNa mAnA gayA hai, kyoMki cittavRttiyoM ke nirodha kA artha unheM sabhI manovikAroM se haTAkara mokSamArga kI sAdhanA meM lagAnA hI hai arthAt yahA~ yoga kA sambandha mokSa-prApaka dharma-vyApAra ke rUpa meM svIkRta hai| jaina yoga paramparA ke prArambha meM yoga zabda pAtaJjali dvArA prayukta yogArtha se sAmya nahIM rakhatA, kyoMki jaina paramparA meM mUlataH mana, vacana, kAya kI pravatti ko yoga mAnA gayA hai arthAt vIryAntarAya karma kA kSayopazama yA kSaya hone para mana, vacana evaM kAya ke nimitta se AtmapradezoM kA caJcala honA hI yoga hai| Age calakara yoga zabda pAtaJjala yogadarzanasammata artha ke nikaTa AtA gyaa| yama-niyamAdi kA pAlana pariNAmoM kI zuddhi ke lie hI kiyA jAtA hai tathA inakA uddezya mana, vacana evaM kAya dvArA arjita karmo kI zuddhi karanA hI hai| isa dRSTi se samiti, gupti Adi cAritra kA pAlana karanA uttama yoga hai, kyoMki inase saMyama meM vRddhi hotI hai aura yoga bhI AtmA kI vizuddhAvasthA kA hI mArga hai| isake dvArA jIva ko sarvotkRSTa avasthA prApta hotI hai| isake atirikta samAdhi, tapa, dhyAna, saMvara Adi zabda bhI 'yoga' ke artha meM vyavahRta hote haiM aura yogasAdhanA ke samartha aMga bhI haiN|

Page #266
upasaMhAra 235 mithyAtva, avirati, pramAda, kaSAya aura yoga (pravRti ) hI Asrava haiM aura ina pravRtiyoM kA nirodha hI saMvara hai| isa prakAra saMvara zabda bhI yoga-darzana ke 'yoga' zabda kA hI paryAya mAnA jA sakatA hai| jaina yogAnusAra tapa usa vidhi ko kahate haiM jisase baddha karmoM kA nAza hotA hai athavA vaha kriyA hai jisase AtmA kA parizodhana hotA hai| tapa zArIrika evaM mAnasika vikAroM ko naSTa karatA hai, ataH vikAroM ko naSTa karane kI prakriyA se svataH cittavRtiyoM kA nirodha ho jAtA hai| isa dRSTi se jainoM kA 'tapa' zabda bhI 'yoga' ke hI artha ko vyaMjita karatA hai / kisI eka viSaya para citta ko sthira karane ko dhyAna kahate haiM tathA usase nirjarA evaM saMvara donoM hI siddha hote haiN| isa dRSTi se dhyAna bhI yoga kA hI paryAyavAcI ThaharatA hai| samAdhi kI avasthA meM sAdhaka AtmasvarUpa meM lIna hotA hai aura yaha kriyA pravRttiyoM ke nirodha ke binA sambhava nhiiN| isalie 'samAdhi' zabda bhI yoga ke artha meM hI AtA hai| ___ jaina yoga kI AdhAragata vizeSatAe~-yoga kA AdhAra AcAra hai| kyoMki AcAra se hI yogI ke saMyama meM vRddhi hotI hai, samatA kA vikAsa hotA hai aura antataH isI se sAdhaka AdhyAtmika U~cAI para pahuMcatA hai| isIlie jainayoga meM cAritra athavA AcAra ko vizeSa sthAna prApta hai| jaina yogAnusAra zramaNa ke sAtha hI sAtha zrAvaka bhI vratI hote haiM / isIlie AcAra kI do koTiyAM nirdhArita haiM-eka sAdhu athavA zramaNa-viSayaka aura dUsarI gRhastha athavA zrAvaka-viSayaka / zramaNa kA AcAra pUrNataH tyAgamaya hotA hai, zrAvaka kA AcAra AMzika zramaNa kA dhyeya sampUrNabhAvena AdhyAtmika vikAsa hotA hai, jabaki zrAvaka vyAvahArika jIvana yApana meM AdhyAtmika samAdhAna cAhatA hai| vaidika paramparA meM bhI gRhastha-jIvana ke sAtha saMnyAsa Azrama ko mahattva prApta hai aura unakI alaga-alaga AcArasaMhitAeM nirdhArita haiN| bauddha paraMparA meM bhI bhikSu aura upAsaka kI alaga-alaga AcAra saMhitAoM kA vidhAna hai| jaina AcAra meM vizeSataH zramaNa ke niyamoM-upaniyamoM kA sUkSmAti-. sUkSma vivecana huA hai, jo anyatra durlabha hai / yoga-sAdhanA ke lie kisI na kisI rUpa meM samyak AcArapAlana kI apekSA hotI hI hai| paJca mahAvrata-pAtaMjala yogadarzanAnusAra aSTAMgamArga kA uddezya mana, indriyoM tathA zarIra kI zuddhi karanA hai aura yama ke antargata

Page #267
236 jaina yoga kA AlocanAtmaka adhyayana usake bhedoM kA nirUpaNa bhI AcAra ke aNuvrata Adi jaise hI haiN| niyama ke bhedoM ke antargata IzvarapraNidhAna ko chor3akara zauca, saMtoSa, tapa aura svAdhyAya jaina evaM bauddha yoga meM kathita AcAra ke samAna hI haiN| pAtaJjala yogadarzana meM varNita vrata jAti, deza, kAla se pare sArvabhaumika tathA avicchinna haiM aura jainayoga meM prayukta mahAvrata Adi bhI isI vrata ke samAna deza, kAla aura jAti se pare sArvabhauma haiM / pAtaJjala yogadarzana meM yama ke pAMca bheda, bauddha darzana meM vyavahRta paJcazIla aura jainadharma meM prarUpita paJcamahAvrata prakArAntara se eka hI sikke ke bhinna-bhinna pahalU haiM / tInoM paramparAoM ke ve pada eka hI artha ke dyotaka haiN| ahiMsA ko pramukhatA-jaina AcAra ke antargata aNuvrata, mahAvrata Adi ke dvArA aneka prakAra kI hiMsA, parigraha Adi kA tyAga pratipAdita hai, kyoMki hiMsA se hiMsA bar3hatI hai tathA yogadhAraNA kI prakriyA meM vairAgya, samatA-bhAva Adi kA vikAsa nahIM ho paataa| jaina yogAnusAra hiMsA ke prakAroM kA pratipAdana atyanta sUkSma evaM vizadrUpa meM huA hai| vaha hiMsA bhale hI pratyakSa ho yA apratyakSa; svayaMkRta ho athavA anyakRta athavA anumodita, mAnasika ho athavA vAcika athavA zArIrika / hiMsA ke kAraNa kisI na kisI prakAra rAgadveSAdi durbhAvanAe~ bar3hatI hI haiM tathA unakA cintana yogasAdhanA ko vicalita kara detA hai| ataH ahiMsA kA pratipAlana anivArya mAnA gayA hai| isI prakAra jaina AcAra meM satya, acaurya, brahmacarya aura aparigraha kA varNana hai, jinase yoga sAdhanA unnata hotI hai| vaidika paramparA meM bhI ahiMsA Adi vratoM kI anivAryatA mAnI gaI hai, lekina usI paramparA ke antargata taMtrasAdhanA meM madya, mAMsa, madhu Adi kA sevana vihita mAnA gayA hai ! bauddha paramparA meM hiMsA varjita hai lekina kAlAntara meM tantra kA prabhAva dRSTigocara hone lagatA hai| ataH vaidika aura bauddha donoM paramparAoM kI apekSA jainayoga meM hiMsA kA sarvathA tyAga eka apanI viziSTatA hai| brahmacarya kI anivAryatA-jaba taka mana vAsanAoM se nivRtta nahIM ho jAtA hai taba taka na citta kI sthiratA prApta ho sakatI hai, na dharmadhyAna ho sakatA hai aura na yoga hI sadha sakatA hai| isIliye vAsanAoM se vimukti athavA brahmacarya Avazyaka mAnA gayA hai| brahmacarya ke sandarbha meM bhI ahiMsA ko hI bhauti jaina AcAra meM tIna yoga tathA tIna karaNa

Page #268
upasaMhAra 237 kA vidhAna hai, jinase kisI bhI prakAra sAdhaka kA mana vAsanAoM ke prati Asakta na ho| yadyapi vaidika paramparA meM bhI anivArya rUpa se brahmacarya kA mahattva hai, lekina tantrayoga meM bhoga ko hI yoga kA sAdhana mAnA gayA hai| tantravAdiyoM kI dRSTi meM tarka diyA jAtA hai ki iMdriyoM kI pravRttiyoM kA haThAt evaM kRtrima nirodha asvAbhAvika evaM aprAkRtika hai| yoga ke sAtha bhoga kA sAmaMjasya honA caahie| ina vAsanAmayI indriyoM kI tRpti honI hI cAhie, tAki yogI kA mana sAdhanA meM rame / isake sAtha hI sAtha yaha bhI svIkAra kiyA gayA hai ki maithuna-kriyA meM kAmukatA nahIM honI cAhie aura na Asakti ho| ataH tantravAdiyoM ke atirikta vaidika paramparA meM brahmacarya kI anivAryatA vihita hai| bauddha paramparA meM brahmacarya kA pramakha sthAna hai| isa sandarbha meM yaha svIkAra kiyA gayA hai ki mana kI sthiratA binA indriyoM ke nirodha ke nahIM ho sktii| isIlie brahmacarya kA sthAna paJcazIla ke antargata hai| jaina paramparA brahmacarya kA atyanta sUkSma vivecana karatI hai aura usameM sampUrNa rUpa meM brahmacarya pAlana kI anivAryatA hai| tapa kA mahatva--jaina yoga-AMcAra ke antargata indriyoM ko niyaMtrita karane ke krama meM dehadamana arthAt tapa-mArga kA nirdeza hai, kyoMki viSayoM ke mUla kA ucchedana tapa se hotA hai| jaina matAnusAra tapa ke do bheda haiM- (1) bAhya evaM (2) AbhyaMtara / ina donoM meM batAyA gayA hai ki zArIrika arthAt indriya damana ke sAtha-sAtha mAnasika athavA bhAvAtmaka damana bhI ho| indriya-damana ke lie anekavidha tapa kA varNana vaidika yoga paramparA meM huA hai / gItA meM tapa ke antargata satya, brahmacarya, anAsakti, aparigraha mAdi kA vidhAna hai| jaina paramparA meM satya, brahmacarya Adi kA vidhAna aNuvrata tathA mahAvrata ke antargata huA hai| gItA evaM jaina paramparA meM nirdezita hai ki kisI icchA athavA lobha athavA kIrti ke nimitta tapa karanA ucita nahIM hai| jaina tapa ke prAyazcita, vinaya, vaiyAvRtya, dhyAna tathA kAyotsarga Adi prakArAntara se gItA meM varNita zaraNAgati, guNa,. lokasaMgraha, yoga Adi ke artha meM prayukta hue haiN| vaidika paramparA ke cAndrAyaNa Adi aneka tapa jainatapa ke kAyotsarga se sAmya rakhate haiM jinameM kAyaklezapUrvaka zaktiajita karane kA vidhAna hai| yadyapi bauddha paramparA meM

Page #269
238 jaina yoga kA AlocanAtmaka adhyayana tapa kA niSedha hai, lekina dUsare zabdoM meM tapa ke aneka Avazyaka aMgoM kA vidhAna bhI hai, jinakA uddezya akuzala arthAt pApa karmoM ko naSTa karanA hai| bauddha tapa meM vihita atibhojana kA tyAga tathA eka samaya bhojana kA vidhAna jaina tapa meM ullikhita kanodarI tapa hI hai| bauddha tapa ke antargata rasa-zakti kA niSedha jaina tapa kA rasa-parityAga hI hai| bhikSAcaryA tathA vivikta zayyAsana to donoM paramparAoM meM samAna hI hai| itanA hI nahIM, prAyazcita, sevAbhAva, svAdhyAya, dhyAna, kAyotsarga Adi kriyAoM kA nirUpaNa jaina evaM bauddha tapa meM samAna rUpa se huA hai / isa prakAra pravattiyoM ko saMyamita karane evaM zArIrika kriyAoM ko niyaMtrita karane ke lie tInoM paramparAoM meM tapa kA vidhAna hai aura kahA gayA hai ki tapa ke lie zanyAgAra, jaMgala, nadI kA kinArA, nirjana yA ekAMta sthAna upayukta ho sakate haiN| taMtrayoga meM tapa athavA dhyAna kA sthAna zmazAna hai athavA vaha zava ke Upara kiyA jAnA vihita hai| guru kI mahattA-yogasAdhanA ekAkI rUpa se kabhI nahIM ho sakatI, yadyapi AdhyAtmika mArga svAnubhava kI cIja hai, parantu jaba taka Atmasiddhi ke aneka upAyoM kA paricaya kisI ke dvArA nahIM hotA, taba taka sAdhaka yogI ko AdhyAtmika mArga para calanA sulabha pratIta nahIM hotA / isIlie yoga-mArga meM ArUr3ha hone ke pahale dIkSA-saMskAra kA vidhAna karIba-karIba sabhI yoga paramparAoM meM hai tathA guru kA mahattva svIkAra kiyA gayA hai / guru jahAM navazikSitoM kA mArga darzana karatA hai, yaugika vidhi-vidhAnoM kA nirdezaka hotA hai vahAM labdhiyoM ke prati abhimukha yogiyoM ko cetAvanI dekara sahI mArga para lAne kA upakrama bhI karatA hai| prANAyAma kI anAvazyakatA-pAtaMjala yogadarzana prANAyAma kA ullekha karatA hai, lekina yogasAdhanA ke lie use upayukta nahIM mAnatA hai| haThayoga, nAthayoga Adi prANAyAma ko mahattva dete haiN| haThayoga meM to isake antargata nAr3iyoM ke dvArA zarIra zuddhi kI kriyA ko mahattvapUrNa mAnA gayA hai| nAthayoga yadyapi zarIra-zuddhi ke nimitta prANAyAma ko mahattva detA hai, tathApi use antima sAdhya ke rUpa meM svIkAra nahIM krtaa| bauddha paramparA meM taMtrayAna prANAyAma ko pramukha mAnatA hai, isIlie taMtrayAna ke granthoM meM usakI vistRta carcA huI hai| jainayoga ke antargata prANAyAma kA vizeSa artha bhAvazuddhi ke nimitta huA hai, lekina

Page #270
upasaMhAra yoga-sAdhanA kI dRSTi se use anAvazyaka mAnA gayA hai, kyoMki isake krama meM zvAsocchvAsa para pratibaMdha karanA par3atA hai tathA usakI prakriyA pUrI karane meM zakti evaM samaya kharca hotA hai arthAt prANAyAma karate samaya yogI tapa-dhyAna meM apane svarUpa kA cintana-manana nahIM kara pAtA, tathA balAt mana ko zAnta karane ke kAraNa yogI Antarika pIr3A kA anubhava karatA hai tathA caMcala banA rahatA hai| dhyAna kA vaiziSTya-dhyAna yoga kA pramukha sodhana hai, jisase mana ko eka bindu para kendrita kiyA jAtA hai| isakA vidhAna tInoM yogaparamparAoM meM huA hai| yogadarzanAnusAra samAdhi hI sAdhanA kI antima avasthA hai, jisake dvArA yogI carama lakSya para pahuMcane meM saphala hotA hai| upaniSad evaM gItA meM karmayoga, bhaktiyoga Adi ke sAtha-sAtha dhyAna-yoga ke mahattva ko bhI svIkAra kiyA gayA hai / bauddha yoga meM dhyAna kI aneka prakriyAoM kA ullekha hai, jinakA samyak sampAdana apekSita mAnA gayA hai| jainayoga meM to dhyAna kA apanA eka viziSTa sthAna hai| vastutaH jainayogAnusAra dhyAna jahA~ mana kI caMcala vRttiyoM ko niyaMtrita karake mana ko sthira karatA hai vahA~ karmo kI nirjarA karake sAdhanA ko pUrNatA pradAna karatA hai| dhyAna ke cAra prakAroM meM Arta aura raudra ye donoM azubha dhyAna haiM tathA dharma evaM zukla dhyAna zubha haiN| dhyAna ke ye prakAra eka taraha se manovaijJAnika haiM, jinase mana kI kuTila tathA jaTila samasyAeM sahajatayA zAnta hotI haiM tathA zubha vicAroM meM tAratamya A jAtA hai| dhyAna ke antargata japa kA vidhAna bhI hai, jisake dvArA maMtroM padoM, zabdoM ke mAdhyama se dhyAna siddha kiyA jAtA hai| isa prakAra tInoM paramparAoM meM dhyAna kA uddezya AtmA kI pahacAna yA sAkSAtkAra karanA hai| jainayoga meM nirdiSTa zukladhyAna ke prathama do bhedoM kI yogadarzana aura bauddhayoga ke dhyAna se samAnatA hai, sAtha hI vaidika yoga paramparA meM prayukta adhyAtma prasAda aura RtaMbharA tathA jena paramparA ke sUkSmakriyApratipAti meM prAyaH arthasAmyatA mAlUma par3atI hai| jaina paramparA sammata zukladhyAna meM arihaMta avasthA arthAt kevalajJAna kI prApti hotI hai aura yogadarzanAnusAra asamprajJAta samAdhi meM kevalajJAna kI prApti hotI hai| jaina yoga ke samucchanna-kriyA pratipatti bhI yogadarzanasammata asamprajJAta samAdhi jaisI hai jahA~ sampUrNa saMskAra vinaSTa ho jAte haiM aura jIva vimukta ho jAtA hai /

Page #271
jaina yoga kA AlocanAtmaka adhyayana karma - nirjarA - jaina yoga mAnatA hai ki mukti ke lie sampUrNa karmoM kA nAza anivArya hai / binA sampUrNa karma nAza ke AtmasAkSAtkAra arthAt AtmA kI prApti sambhava nahIM hai, kyoMki karma aura AtmA kA saMbaMdha bahuta hI gAr3hA hai, karma ke hI kAraNa AtmA saMsAra meM anAdikAla se bhaTakatI hai / karmoM kA kSaya mokSa ke lie Avazyaka hai / jaina yogAnusAra karmoM kA kartA evaM bhoktA AtmA hI hai, isIlie AtmA kI mukti kI avasthA meM karma se nirlipta rahane kA vidhAna hai / karmaphala bhogane meM Izvara kI koI AvazyakatA nahIM hai| isake viparIta vaidika paramparA meM karma phala denevAlA Izvara hai / sAMkhya karmaphala athavA karma - niSpatti meM jainayoga kI hI bhA~ti Izvara-jaise kisI kAraNa ko nahIM maantaa| saMsAra kA kAraNa jaina mAnyatAnusAra karma hI hai, ananta AtmAoM ke karma alagaalaga haiM aura una karma ke phaloM ko bhoganevAlI ve AtmAe~ bhI alagaalaga haiM / mukti ke lie ina karmoM kA sampUrNa kSaya karanA Avazyaka hai / sAMkhyamata meM prakRti - puruSa kA saMyoga hI bandha hai aura vaha anAdi hai / isake anusAra mokSa prakRti kA hotA hai, puruSa kA nahIM / pAtaMjala yogadarzanAnusAra baMdha aura mokSa puruSa kA hI hotA hai / bauddhayoga ke anusAra nAma aura rUpa kA anAdi saMbaMdha hI saMsAra hai aura usakA viyoga hI mokSa hai / isa prakAra kaSAya athavA avidyA, mAyA, mithyAtva Adi kA nAza aura Atma-sAkSAtkAra athavA AtmasvarUpa kI pahacAna hI mokSa hai / 240 kramika AdhyAtmika vikAsa kI vilakSaNatA - AtmA mokSa athavA mukti kI avasthA kI prApti ekAeka nahIM karatI hai, balki kramakrama se apane ko vikasita karate hue pUrNatA prApta karatI hai / ataH yogI athavA sAdhaka kA cAritrika athavA AdhyAtmika athavA Atmika vikAsa kramazaH hotA hai / AtmavikAsa ke isa krama kA samarthana tInoM paramparAe~ karatI haiM / upaniSad meM krama - mukti kA spaSTa ullekha hai / pAtaMjala yogadarzana evaM yogavAsiSTha meM isa AdhyAtmika vikAsa ko bhUmikA kI saMjJA se abhihita kiyA gayA hai, boddha yoga paramparA meM ise avasthA kahA gayA hai tathA jaina- yoga meM ise guNasthAna athavA dRSTi kahA hai| jaina paramparA meM AdhyAtmika vikAsa kA varNana ati spaSTatA evaM sUkSmatA se huA hai / AtmavikAsa kI kramika avasthA meM ajJAna athavA mithyAtva ho bAdhaka hai aura isI ke kAraNa AtmA karmoM se jakar3I rahatI hai| jyoM-jyoM karmoM

Page #272
- upasaMhAra 241 kA vyuccheda hotA hai, tyoM-tyoM AtmA apane guNoM se avagata hotI jAtI hai aura use satya evaM asatya vastu kI pahacAna bhI hotI jAtI hai / ATha karmoM meM se cAra ghAtiyA karmoM kA vyuccheda karake AtmA sarvajJa kI sthiti ko prApta karatI hai, ise arihaMta avasthA kahate haiM / yaha arihaMta AtmA anya mumukSu jIvoM ko AdhyAtmika mArga kA upadeza karatI hai tathA sampUrNa loka ke vartamAna, bhUta tathA bhaviSyat kAla ko yugapata dekhatIjAnatI hai / isa avasthA ko pAtaMjala yoga darzana meM sarvajJa avasthA kahA gayA hai, jo samprajJAta samAdhi ke bAda prArambha hotI hai / lekina bauddha yoga meM isa sarvajJavAda kA prativAda kiyA gayA hai aura tarka diyA gayA hai ki koI bhI vyakti sarvajJa hone kA dAvA nahIM kara sakatA, kyoMki sarva vastuoM kA yugapat jJAna koI bhI nahIM rakha sakatA / I mokSa - sarvajJa athavA arihaMta avasthA ke bAda AtmA siddhAvasthA ko prApta hotI hai, jahA~ zeSa cAra aghAtiyA karmoM kA bhI kSaya ho jAtA hai / isa avasthA meM zarIra kI zvAsocchvAsa Adi sUkSma kriyAe~ bhI ruka jAtI haiM aura AtmA loka ke agrabhAga meM pahu~ca jAtI hai, jahAM usakA apanA svataMtra aura zAzvata astitva rahatA hai / vaha janma-maraNa se chUTa jAtI hai / manuSya kI pUrNa pratiSThA - vaidika yoga Izvara kI svataMtra sattA meM vizvAsa rakhatA hai / jainayoga vaisA nahIM mAnatA hai, kyoMki usakI mAnyatA hai ki pratyeka jIva yA AtmA hI Izvara yA paramAtmA bana sakatA hai / ajJAna athavA mithyAtva ke kAraNa hI jIva apanI zakti ko pahacAna nahIM pAtA / samyagjJAna kI prApti se jaba vaha Atma-sAkSAtkAra kara pAne meM samartha hotA hai, taba hI vaha mokSa prApta karatA hai / isa prakAra yog dvArA sAdhaka Atma-zakti kI pahacAna karatA hai aura kisI bAharI zakti ko AtmasAt nahIM karatA / yoga sAdhanA ke krama meM yogI ko aneka labdhiyoM kI prApti hotI hai, lekina vaha unakA prayoga apanI lobhavRtti kI puSTi ke lie nahIM karatA / yoga ke krama meM paracita - manovijJAna kI bhI prApti hotI hai jisake dvArA yogI dUsaroM ke mana kI bAta samajha sakane meM samartha hotA hai / isa parajJAna ko hI jainayoga meM manaHparyAyajJAna kahA gayA hai / yoga kI vibhinna paramparAoM meM vibhinna mArgoM kA avalambana kiyA jAtA hai / koI jJAnayoga kI pramukhatA mAnatA hai to koI kriyAyoga

Page #273
242 jaina yoga kA AlocanAtmaka adhyayana kI, to koI bhaktiyoga kii| gItA meM vibhinna yoga-mArgoM kA varNana hai| vedAntadarzana jJAnayoga para jora detA hai / bauddha-paramparA meM jJAna ke sAtha kriyAyoga kA samanvaya kiyA gayA hai, parantu jaina yoga meM kriyA-yoga, jJAnayoga, bhaktiyoga, samatAyoga, dhyAnayoga Adi sabhI ko apekSA bheda se svIkAra kiyA gayA hai| pAribhASika zabdoM ko viziSTatA-jaina-yoga meM prayukta pAribhASika zabdoM kA bhI apanA vizeSa mahatva hai, kyoMki inakA prayoga jaina paramparA ke vAGmaya meM hI upalabdha hai| jaise 'pudgala' zabda ko leN| jainayoga ke anusAra isa zabda kA artha jar3a vastu hai, lekina bauddha yoga meM isakA prayoga AtmA evaM cetana ke artha meM hai| parISaha, Asrava evaM kAyotsarga zabda jaina paramparA ke apane zabda haiM, jinakA upayoga anyatra nahIM miltaa| - isa prakAra jaina yoga anya yoga paramparAoM se sAmya rakhate hue bhI apanI kucha aisI viziSTatAoM kA pratipAdana karatA hai, jinakA sambandha usakI apanI AdhAra-bhUmi se hai / cU~ki jainayoga kA mUla AdhAra zramaNa saMskRti hai, isIlie svabhAvataH isakI yogaviSayaka prakriyA meM cAritrika aura AdhyAtmika gaThana evaM unnayana kI pRSThabhUmi anya paramparAoM se adhika sthira aura suvistRta hai|

Page #274
sahAyaka grantha-sUcI (a) aMgunaranikAya, prathama bhAga, anu, bhadanta AnaMda kausalyAyana, prakA0 mahAbodhi sabhA, kalakattA, I0 sa0 1957 atharvaveda-sekreDa buksa oNpha di IsTa, bhAga 42, maiksamUlara, oNksaphorDa presa, ___ laMdana, 1897 adhyAtmakamalamArtaNDa, rAjamalla, vIra sevA mandira, sarasAvA, san 1944 adhyAtmatattvaloka, nyAyavijaya, hemacandrAcArya jaina sabhA, pATana, I0 sa01943 adhyAtmopaniSada, yazovijaya, kezarabAI jJAna bhaNDAra sthApaka, jAmanagara, vi. saM0 1994 adhyAtmasAra, yazovijaya, kezarabAI jJAna bhaNDAra sthApaka,,jAmanagara, vi.saM. 1994 adhyAtmarahasya, paM0 AzAdhara, vIrasevAmaMdira TrasTa, dillI, san 1957 adhyAtma vicAraNA, paM0 sukhalAla saMghavI, gujarAta vidyAsabhA, ahamadAbAda, I0sa0 1958 abhidharmakoza, vasubandhu, kAzI vidyApITha, vArANasI, vi0saM0 1988 abhidhAna cintAmaNi, hemacaMdra, devacaMdra lAlabhAI jaina pustakoddhAra, sUrata, 1946 abhidhAna rAjendrakoza, bhA0 1-7, vijayarAjendra sUri, abhidhAna rAjeMdra pracAraka ___ sabhA, ratalAma, 1934 (A) AvArAMgasUtra, prathama zrutaskandha, a. bhA. zve0 sthA0 jaina zAstroddhAra samiti, san 1957 AtmasAkSAtkAra (marAThI); anu0 caMdrakalA hATe, pApyulara prakAzana, bambaI, 1966 I.. Atmarahasya, ratanalAla jaina, sastA sAhitya maNDala, naI dillI, 1948 I0 AtmAnuzAsana, guNabhadra, jaina grantha ratnAkara kAryAlaya, bambaI, vi0saM0 1986 AdipurANa, ( mahApurANa ) bhA01, jinasenAcArya, bhAratIya jJAnapITha, kAzI, san 1951

Page #275
244 - jaina yoga kA AlocanAtmaka adhyayana mAdhyAtmika vikAsa krama, paM0 sukhalAla saMghavI, gurjara grantha ratna kAryAlaya, ahamadAbAda, san 1928 / mAptaparIkSA svopajJa vRtti, muni vidyAnanda, prakAzaka jaina sAhitya prasAraka, bambaI, vI. ni0 saM0 2457 Arogya, varSa 22, aMka 2, agasta, 1968, gorakhapura Ara NikopaniSad ( eka sau ATha upaniSad ), saMpA0 bAsudeva lakSmaNa zAstrI, prakAzaka pAMDuraMga jAvajI, bambaI, caturtha saMskaraNa san 1932 Avazyakaniyukti dIpikA, bhA01, bhASyakAra mANikya zekhara sUri, jaina graMthamAlA, sUrata, san 1939 Avazyaka niyukti, haribhadra, Agamodaya samiti, bambaI, san 1916 mAhat darzanadIpikA, maMgala vijayajI, yazovijaya jaina graMthamAlA, vI0saM0 2458 . (i) iSTopadeza, pUjyapAda svAmI, paramazruta prabhAvaka maNDala, bambaI, san 1954 utarAdhyayanasUtram, bhA0 2-3, anu0 AtmArAma jI mahArAja, jaina zAstramAlA . kAryAlaya, lAhora, prathamAvRtti, 1942 upAsakAdhyayana, somadevamUri, saMpA vai lAzacaMdra zAstrI, bhAratIya jJAnapITha, vArANasI, I0 san 1964 upAsakadazAMgasUtram, anu0 AramArAmajI mahArAja, saMpA0 indracaMdra zAstrI AtmArAma jaina prakAzana samiti, ludhiyAnA, san 1964 aitareya upaniSad ( 108 upaniSad ), prakAzaka pAMDuraMga jAvajI, bambaI (au) auSaniyukti, droNAcAryavRttisahita, Agamodaya samiti, mehasAnA ... (R) Rgveda saMhitA, saMpA0 zrI0 dA0 sAtavalekara, svAdhyAya maNDala, audha, satArA, san 1940 (ka) kaThopaniSad (108 upaniSad), prakAzaka-pADuraMga jAvajI, bambaI, san 1922 kartavyakaumudI bhA0 2, racayitA muni zrIratnasvAmI, prakAzaka mairodAna jeThamala . seThiyA, bIkAnera, san 1925

Page #276
sahAyaka grantha -sUcI kabIra, hajArI prasAda dvivedI, hindI grantha ratnAkara kAryAlaya, bambaI san 1950 kabIra kI vicAradhArA, go. triguNAyata, sAhityaniketana, kAnapura, saM0 2009 karmagrantha bhA0 1-5 deveMdrasUri AtmAnanda jaina maNDala, AgarA, 1922 gItA kA vyavahAra darzana, rAmagopAla mohatA, kitAba mahala prakAzana, ilAhAbAda, 1951 gommaTasAra ( karmakANDa ), nemicaMdra, anu0 manohara zAstrI, parama zruta prabhAvaka maNDala, bambaI, dvitIya AvRtti, 1928 gommaTasAra ( jIvakANDa ), nemicaMdra, anu. khUbacaMdra zAstrI, paramazruta prabhAvaka maMDala, bambaI, 1927 gosvAmI, (khaNDa 1; varSa 24, aMka 12), gosvAmI kAryAlaya, prayAga, 1960 (ca) caritasAra, cAmuNDarAyaviracita, prakAzaka mANikacaMda digambara jaina graMthamAlA, bambaI, vI0 saM0 2443 (cha) chAndogya upaniSad, (108 upaniSad), saMpA0 bA0la. zAstrI, prakA* pAMDuraMga jAvajI, bambaI, 1932 chahaDhAlA, paM. daulatarAma, digambara jaina sAdhyAya maMdira, sonagar3ha, vI0 ni. saM0 2487 (ja) jinasahasranAmastotra, paM0 AzAghara, bhAratIya jJAnapITha, kAzI, vi0saM0 2010 jItakalpasUtram, jina bhadragaNi, prakAzaka babalacaMdra kezavalAla modI, ahamadAbAda, vI0 ni0 saM0 2466 jaina AcAra, mohanalAla mehatA, pArzvanAtha vidyAzrama zodha saMsthAna, vArANasI, 1966 jaina dRSTi yoga, bho0gi kApaDiyA, mahAvIra, jaina vidyAlaya bambaI, 1954 jainadarzana, nyAyavijayajI hemacaMdrAcArya jaina sabhA, pATana, san 1956 jaina darzana, mahendrakumAra nyAyAcArya, gaNezaprasAda varNI jaina graMthamAlA, vArANasI, san 1955 jainadarzana, mohanalAla mehatA, sanmati jJAnapITha, AgarA, 1959

Page #277
246 jaina yoga kA AlocanAtmaka adhyayana jaina-dharma, paM0 kailAzacaMdra zAstrI, bhA0di jaina saMgha, mathurA, vI0ni0saM0 2474 jaina-dharma kA prANa, paM0 sukhalAla saMghavI, sastA sAhitya maNDala, dillI, 1965 jaina sAhitya kA itihAsa ( pUrvapITikA), kailAzacaMdra zAstrI, gaNeza prasAda varNI jaina granthamAlA, vI0ni0 saM0 2486 jaina sAhitya kA vRhad itihAsa ( bhA01), paM0 becaradAsa dozI, pArzvanAtha vidyAzrama zodha saMsthAna, vArANasI, 1966 jaina sAhitya kA vRhad itihAsa ( bhA03 ), mohanalAla mehatA, prakA0 vhI, san 1967 jaina sAhitya kA bRhad itihAsa ( bhA0 4), mohanalAla mehatA evaM hI0 rA0 kApaDiyA, prakA0 vahI, san 1968 (ta) tattvArthAdhigamasUtra ( svopajJabhASya ); tattvAnuzAsana, siddhasena gaNI, bhA. 2, prakAzaka jIvanacaMda sAkaracaMda jhaverI, sUrata, I0 sa0 1930 tatvArtharAjavArtika, akalaMkadeva, bhAratIya jJAnapITha, banArasa, san 1944 tattvArthasUtra, umAsvAti, vivecaka paM0 sukhalAla saMghavI, bhArata jaina mahA maNDala vardhA san 1952 (dvi0mA0 pArzvanAtha vidyAlaya zodha saMsthAna, vArANasI, san 1976) . tattvArtha sUtram, TIkA haribhadra, zreSTI RSabhadevajI, kesarImalajI, jaina zvetAmbara saMsthA, ratalAma, 1936 taittirIya upaniSad (108 upaniSad), saMpA0 bA0la. zAstrI, prakAzaka pAMDuraMga jAvajI, bambaI, 1932 taMtrasAra, abhinava gupta, mahArAjA jammU eNDa kAzmIra sTeTa zrInagara, san 1918 taMtrAloka, abhinavagupta, mahArAjA jammU eNDa kAzmIra sTeTa zrInagara, san 1918 taporatna mahodadhi, saMpAdaka bhatti vijayajI, jaina AtmAnanda sabhA, bhAvanagara, saMvat 2002 (da) darzana aura cintana, paM0 sukhalAla saMghavI, jaina saMskRti saMzodhana maNDala, banArasa, 1957 dazavaikAlikasUtra, zrI zayyaMbhavasUri, agaracaMda mairodAna saiTiyA jaina saMsthA, bIkAnera, vI0 ni0 saM0 2472

Page #278
sahAyaka grantha-sUcI 247 dazAzrutaskandha ( TIkA sahita AtmArAma jI0ma0 ), jainazAstramAlA kAryAlaya, yazovijaya, jaina dharmaM prasAraka lAhaura, 1936 dvAtriMzadvAtriMzikA, sabhA, bhAvanagara dIghanikAya, saMpA0 jagadIza kAzyapa evaM rAhula sAMkRtyAyana, mahAbodhi sabhA, sAranAtha, prathama saMskaraNa, 1936 ( dha ) thammapada, dharmarakSita, mAsTara khelAr3I lAla aiNDa sansa, banArasa, 1953 dharmabindu, haribhadra sUri, Agamodaya samiti, bambaI, I0saM0 1924 dhyAnabindupaniSad, (108 upaniSad ), saMpA0 vA0la0 zAstrI, prakAzaka pAMDuraMga jAvajI, bambaI, san 1932 dhyAnazataka, jinabhadra kSamAzramaNa, vinayasundara caraNagranthamAlA, jAmanagara, vi0sa0 1997 dhyAnazAstra, rAmasenAcArya, saMpAdaka jugala kizora mukhtAra, vIrasevA mandira TrasTa, dillI, san 1963 ( na ) namaskArasvAdhyAya (saMskRta), jaina sAhitya vikAsa maNDala, bambaI, san 1962 navatattvaprakaraNa, vivecaka bhagavAnadAsa harakhacaMda, zrI hemacaMdrAcArya jaina graMthamAlA, ahamadAbAda, san 1928 navapadaprakaraNa, yazopAdhyAya racita, prakAzaka jIvanacaMda sAkaracaMda jhaverI, bambaI, san 1927 navapadArtha, A0 bhikSu, hindI anuvAda zrIcaMdra rAmapuriyA, jaina zvetAmbara terApaMthI mahAsabhA, kalakattA, san 1961 nAtha sampradAya, hajArIprasAda dvivedI, naivedya niketana, vArANasI san 1966 nyAyadarzana ( vAtsyAyana bhASya ), anu0 dvArikAdAsa zAstrI, bhAratIya vidyA prakAzana, vArANasI, san 1966 niyamasAra, kundakundAcArya, seNTrala jaina pablikezana hAusa, lakhanau, san 1931 ( pa ) paMcasaMgraha * caMdraSimahattara, bhA0 2, saMpAdaka, vijaya premasUri, prakA* muktAbAI jJAna- mandira, DamoI, gujarAta, san 1937 paMcAstikAya kundakunda rAyacandra jaina zAstramAlA, bambaI, vI0 sa0 2431 ,

Page #279
248 jaina yoga kA AlocanAtmaka adhyayana paMcAdhyAyI, rAjamalla, saMpA0 paM0 devakInandana zAstrI, gaNezaprasAda varNI jaina granthamAlA, banArasa, vI0 ni0 saM0 2476 padmanandi paMcavizati, anu0 bAlacaMdra jaina saMskRti saMrakSaka saMgha, zolApura, san 1962 paramAtmaprakAza, yogindudeva, paramazruta prabhAvaka maMDala, bambaI, 1927 paramArthasAra, abhinavagupta, risarca DipArTameMTa jammU aiNDa kAzmIra, saM0 1973 prameyaratnamAlA, anu0 jayacandra, anantakIrti granthamAlA samiti, bambaI pravacanasAra, kundakundAcArya, paramazruta prabhAvaka maNDala, bambaI, san 1935 pravacanasAroddhAra ( bhA0 1-2 ), nemicandrasUri, devacaMda lAlabhAI jaina pustakoddhAra, bambaI, san 1922 prazamarati prakaraNa, umAsvAti, saM0 rAjakumAra jaina, paramazruta prabhAvaka maMDala; bambaI, san 1950 praznopaniSad ( 108 upaniSad, vA0 la0 zAstrI, prakA0 pAMDuraMga jAvajI bambaI, 1932 pratyabhijJAhRdayam, kSemarAja, oNkiolAjikala aiNDa risarca DipArTameMTa, zrInagara, san 1911 prajJApanAsUtra, malayagiri, anu0 bhagavAnadAsa harSacandra, zAradA bhavana, jaina sosAiTI, ahamadAbAda, samvat 1991 prajJApAramitA ( bhA0 1) haribhadra, sampA0 bI0 bhaTTAcArya, orienTala insTiTyUTa, san 1932 prAbhRtasaMgraha, kundakundAcArya, kailAzacandra zAstrI, jaina saMskRti saMrakSaka saMgha, zolApura, vi0 saM0 2016 puruSArthasiddhayupAya, amRtacandra, paramazruta prabhAvaka maNDala, bambaI, vI0 ni0 saM0 2431 pAhuDadohA, rAmasiMhamuni, sampA0 hIrAlAla jaina, kAraMjA jaina pablikezana sosAiTI, vi0 saM0 1990 ( ba ) bodhicaryAvatAra, zAntideva, buddhavihAra, lakhano, I0 sa0 1955 bauddhadarzana aura vedAnta, candradhara zarmA, sTUDeNTsa pheNDas, ilAhAbAda, san 1949

Page #280
sahAyaka grantha-sUcI 249 bauddhadarzana, baladeva upAdhyAya, prathama saMskaraNa, zAradA mandira prakAzana, kAzI, san 1946 - bauddhadarzana tathA anya bhAratIya darzana ( bhA0 1-2 ) bharatasiMha upAdhyAya, baMgAla hindI maNDala, kalakattA, saM0 2011 - bauddhadharmadarzana, A0 narendradeva, bihAra rASTrabhASA pariSad, paTanA, san 1956 sa0 2446 bRhadkalpa, amolaka RSi, haidarAbAda- sikandarAbAda jaina saMgha, vI0ni0saM0 2046 vRhadAraNyaka ( 108 upaniSad ), prakA0 pANDuraMga jAvajI, bambaI, 1932 brahma bindUpaniSad, vahI ( bha ) bhagavadgItA, surezacandra mukhopAdhyAya, kanTrolara Apha cairiTIja, avAgaDha, san 1923 bhagavatIsUtra, ghAsIlAla jI mahArAja, prakA0 a0 bhA0 zve0 sthAna0 jaina zAstroddhAra samiti, rAjakoTa, 1961 bhAgavatapurANa, gItA pra esa, gaurakhapura, saMvat 2013 bhAratIya darzana, baladeva upAdhyAya, zAradA mandira, kAzI, 1957 bhAratIya darzana ( bhA0 1), rAdhAkRSNan, rAjapAla eNDa sansa, dillI, san 1966 bhAratIya saMskRti meM jaina dharma kA yogadAna, DA0 hIrAlAla jaina, madhyapradeza zAsana sAhitya pariSad, bhopAla, 1962 bhAratIya saMskRti aura sAdhanA ( bhA0 2), gopInAtha kavirAja, bihAra rASTrabhASA pariSad, paTanA, 1963 ( ma ) majjhimanikAya, rAhula sAMkRtyAyana, mahAbodhi sabhA, sAranAtha, 1933 manonuzAsana, A0 tulasI, jaina bhAratI, varSa 2, aMka 2, jaina zvetAmbara terApanthI mahAsabhA, kalakattA prakAzana, san 1969 mahAbhArata, gItApresa gorakhapura, saMvat 2021 milindaprazna, nAgasena, barmI dharmazAlA, sAranAtha, vArANasI, san 1937 muNDakopaniSad (108 upaniSad ), sampA0 vA0 la0 zAstrI, prakA0 pAMDuraMga jAvajI, bambaI, san 1932 mUlAcAra, baTTakera, mANikacandra digambara jaina granthamAlA, bambaI, vI0 ni0 saM0 2449 mulArAdhanA, zivAcArya ( balAtkAragaNa ), jaina pablikezana, kAraMjA, 1935

Page #281
250 jaina yoga kA AlocanAtmaka adhyayana (ya) yazastilakacampU, somadevasUri, nirNaya sAgara presa, bambaI, san 1901 yogakuNDalyopaniSad ( 108 upaniSad), prakA* pAMDuraMga jAvajI, bambaI, I. 1932 yogacUr3AmaNi upaniSad vahI yogAMka ( vizeSAMka ), kalyANa, bhA0 10, aMka 1.3, gItApresa, gorakhapura, san 1935 yogatattvopaniSad ( 108 upaniSad ), prakA. pAMDuraMga jAvajI bambaI, san 1922 yogadarzana, pataMjali, gItApresa, gorakhapura, samvat 2011 yogadarzana ( vyAsabhASya ), brahmalIna muni, sUrata, san 1958 yogadarzana, sampUrNAnanda, hindI samiti, sUcanA vibhAga, lakhanau, I9 1965 yogadRSTisamuccaya, haribhadra vijayakamala kezara granthamAlA, khambhAt, vi0 saM0 1992 yogapradIpa, maMgalavijaya, hemacandra sAvacandazAha, kalakattA, vI0 saM0 2466 yogapradIpa, ajJAta, jaina sAhitya vikAsa maNDala, bambaI, I0 1960 yogabindu, haribhadra, jaina dharma pracAraka sabhA, bhAvanagara, san 1911 yogabindu, haribhadra,jaina grantha prasAraka sabhA, ahamadAbAda, san 1940 yogamanovijJAna, zAntiprakAza Atreya, dI iNTaranezanala sTaiNDarDa pablikezana, . vArANasI, san 1965 / / yogavAsiSTha, sampAdaka vAsudeva lakSmaNa zAstrI, prakA0 tukArAma jAvajI, dvitIya AvRtti , bambaI, san 1918 yogavAsiSTha aura usake siddhAnta, bhIkhanalAla Atreya, tArA pablikezana, vArANasI, san 1965 yogavizikA tathA pAtaMjala yogadarzanavRtti, yazovijaya, saMpA0 paM0 sukhalAla ___saMghavI, jaina AtmAnanda sabhA, bhAvanagara, san 1922 yogasAra, ajJAta, jaina sAhitya vikAsa maNDala, bambaI, san 1960 yogasAra, yogindudeva, paramazruta prabhAvaka maNDala, bambaI, san 1937 yogasAra prAbhRta, amitagati, saMpA0 jugalakizora mukhtAra, bhAratIya jJAnapITha prakAzana, vArANasI, san 1968

Page #282
sahAyaka grantha-sUcI 251 yogazataka, haribhadra, saMpA0 indukalA jhaverI, gujarAta vidyA sabhA, ahamadA bAda, san 1956 yogazAstra : eka parizIlana, amaramuni, sammati jJAnapITha, AgarA, san 1963 yogazAstra, hemacandra, RSabhacanda jauharI, kizanalAla jaina, dillI, san 1963 yogazAstra, hemacandra, anu0 kezaravijaya jI, bijaya kezara graMthamAlA, bambaI, vi0 saM0 2450. yogazAstra, hemacaMdra, saMpA0 go0 jI0 paTela, jaina sAhitya prakAzana samiti, ahamadAbAda, 1938 yogI sampradAya vikRti, anu* caMdranAtha yogI, prakA0 zivanAtha yogI, zAhI - bAga, ahamadAbAda, san 1924 yoga samanvaya, saccidAnanda sarasvati mahArAja, vizva zAnti saMgha, dillI, san 1951 yogazikhopaniSad (108 upaniSad ), prakA0 pAMDuraMga jAvajI, bambaI, san 1932 (ra) ratnakaraNDa zrAvakAcAra, samaMtabhadra, prakA0 mANikacaMda di0 jaina graMthamAlA bambaI, vI0 saM0 2451 ( la ) lATIsaMhitA, rAjamalla, saMpA0 darabArIlAla, mANikacaMda di0 jaina graMthamAlA, bambaI, vi0 saM0 1984 lezyAkoza, mohanalAla bAMThiyA - coraDiyA, Dovaralena, kalakattA, san 1966 ( va ) vasunandi zrAvakAcAra, sampA0 hIrAlAla jaina, bhAratIya jJAnapITha, kAzI, san 1952 vizativizikA, haribhadra, saMpA0 DA0 abhyaMkara, AryabhUSaNa mudraNAlaya, pUnA, san 1932 vizuddhi mArga ( bhA0 1-2 ), buddhaghoSa, mahAbodhi sabhA, sAranAtha, san 1956visuddhimagga, buddhaghoSa, bhAratIya vidyA bhavana, san 1940 I0 vizeSAvazyaka ( bhA0 1-2 ), jinabhadra, saMpA0 dalasukhabhAI mAlavaNiyA, lA0 da0 bhAratIya saM0 vidyAmaMdira, ahamadAbAda, san 1966 tathA 68. vizeSAvazyakabhASya ( bhA0 6 ), jinabhadra, yazovijaya jaina graMthamAlA, vI ni0 saM0 2439 .

Page #283
252 jaina yoga kA AlocanAtmaka adhyayana vaidika yogasUtra, harizaMkara jozI, caukhambA prakAzana, banArasa, 1967 vaizeSika darzana, kaNAd, saMpA0 zaMkaradatta zarmA, murAdAbAda, san 1924 (za) zANDilyopaniSad ( 108 upaniSad), saMsa0 vA. la. zAstrI, prakA0 pAMDuraMga jAvajI, bambaI, san 1932 zantisudhArasa, anu0 manasukhabhAI kI* mehatA, prakA0 bhagavAnadAsa ma * mehatA, bhAvanagara, vI0 saM0 2462 . zvetAzvataropaniSad (108 upaniSad), prakA0 pAMDuraMga jAvajI, bambaI, I0 1932 zaivamata, DA0 yaduvaMzI, bihAra rASTrabhASA pariSad, paTanA, san 1955 (Sa) SaTkhaNDAgama ( khaNDa 4, pustaka 9), saMpA. DA0 hIrAlAla jaina, zi0 la. jaina sAhityoddhAraka phaMDa kAryAlaya, amarAvatI, I0 1949 SoDazaka prakaraNa, haribhadra, jainAnanda pustakAlaya, gopIpurA, sUrata, vI0 saM0 2462 . (sa) -sabhASya tattvArthAdhigamasUtra, umAsvAti, maNilAla revAzaMkara jhaverI, bambaI, 1932 samavAyAMga, sthAnAMgasUtra, saMpA0 paM0 dala sukhabhAI mAlavaNiyA, gujarAta vidyA pITha, ahamadAbAda, 1955 "samavAyAMga, saMpA0 muni kanhaiyAlAla, Agama anuyoga prakAzana, dillI, san samayasAra, kundakunda, bhAratIya jJAnapITha, kAzI, 1950 samAdhitaMtra, pUjyapAda, saMpA0 jugalakizora mukhtAra, vIra sevA maMdira TrasTa sarasAvA, san 1939 samAdhimaraNotsAhadIpaka, sakalakIrti, anu0 hIrAlAla siddhAntazAstrI, vIra sevA maMdira TrasTa prakAzana, dillI, san 1964 saramata kA sarabhaMga sampradAya, dharmendra zAstrI, bihAra rASTrabhASA pariSada, . paTanA, san 1959 kindapurANa (bhA0 1), rAjA vineMdra sTrITa, kalakattA, san 1960

Page #284
sahAyaka grantha-sUcI 253 sarvArthasiddhi, pUjyapAda, saMpA0 paM0 phUlacaMdra zAstrI, bhAratIya jJAnapITha kAzI, san 1955 sarvadarzanasaMgraha, mAdhavAcArya, caukhambhA prakAzana, vArANasI, san 1964 smRtiyAM (bhA0 1-2), saMpA0 rAmazarmA, saMskRti saMsthAna, barelI, ... san 1966 saMyuktanikAya, jagadIza kAzyapa, mahAbodhi sabhA, sAranAtha, san 1954 . sAgAradharmAmRta (bhAga 1-2), paM0 AzAdhara, sarala jaina graMtha bhaNDAra, jabalapura, - vi0 saM0 2482 sAMkhyakArikA, kRSNamuni, svAmI nArAyaNa graMthamAlA, var3atAla, gujarAta, __san 1937 svAmikArtikeyAnuprekSA, saMpA. DA0 e0 ena0 upAdhye, rAyacandra Azrama agAsa, san 1960 sthAnAMgasUtra, saMpA0 ghAsIlAla jI mahArAja, a0 bhA0 zve0 sthAna jaina zAstroddhAra samiti, rAjakoTa, 1964-65 sAvayadhammadohA suttanipAta, anu0 bhikSu dharmaratna, mahAbodhi sabhA, sAranAtha, 1951 sUtrakRtAMga (prathama khaNDa ), saMpA0 DA0 pI0 ela0 vaidya, motIlAla prakAzana, pUnA, 1928 sekoddezaTIkA (nAda pAda), orieNTala isTiTyUTa, bar3odA, 1941 haThayogapradIpikA, thioNsaoNphikala pablikezana hAusa, ar3ayAra, san 1949 harivaMzapurANa, jinasenAcArya, saMpA0, pannAlAla jaina, bhAratIya jJAnapITha, kAzI, san 1962 hindI vizvakoza (bhAga 9), nAgarI pracAriNI sabhA, vArANasI, san 1967 hemadhAtumAlA, guNavijaya, jaina graMtha prakAzaka samA, dvitIyAvRtti, ahamadAbAda, san 1930 (kSa) kSarikopaniSad (108 upaniSad), prakA0 pAMDuraMga jAvajI, bambaI, san 1932

Page #285
254 jaina yoga kA AlocanAtmaka adhyayana (tra) trizikhibrAhmaNopaniSad (108 upaniSad)-prakAzaka pAMDuraMga jAvajI, bambaI, . san 1932 (jJa) jJAnasAra, padmasiMha, TIkA trilokacanda, mU0 ki0 kApaDiyA, digaMbara jaina pustakAlaya, sUrata, vI0 saM0 2470 jJAnArNava zubhacandra, saMpA0 paM0 bAlacandra zAstrI, jaina saMskRti saMgha, solApura san 1977 tathA saMga0pannAlAla bAkalIvAla, parama zruta prabhAvaka maNDala, bambaI, 1927 jJAnezvarI ( marAThI ), saM0 za. vA0 dANDekara, prasAda prakAzana, pUnA, san 1953

Page #286
REFERENCES Abhinavagupta, An Historical and Philosophical Study, K. C. Panday, Chwakhamba Bhavan, Varanasi, 1963 Ethical Doctrines in Jainism, K. C. Sogani, Jain Samskriti Sanrakshaka Sangha, Sholapur, 1967. Encyclopaedia of Religion and Ethics, Vol. 12, Edited J. Hastings, New-York, 1921. Gorakhnath and the Kanafata Yogis, G. W. Briggs, Y. M. C. A. Publishing House, Calcutta, 1938. History of Ancient India, R. S. Tripathi, Motilal Banarasi. dass Varanasi, 1960. Indian Philosophy, Vol. 1, Radhakrisban, Gorge Allen and Unwin Ltd. (Revised), London, 1929. Jain Yoga, R Williams, Oxford University Press, London, 1963. Jain Ethics, Dayanand Bhargava, Motilal Banarasidass, Delhi, 1968. Jain Psychology, Mohanlal Mehata, Sohanlal Jain Dharm Pracharak Samiti, Amritsar, 1955. Modern Review, August, Calcutta, 1932. Mohen-Jodaro And the Indus Civilization, Vol. I, Sir J.. Marshall, London, 1931. Mysticism in World Religion, Sidney Spencer, Penguina Books Ltd, England, 1963. Siddha Siddhant Paddhati and other works of Nath Yogis, K. Mallik, Poona Oriental Book House, 1954. Studies in Jain Philosophy, N. Tatia, Jain Cultural Res earch Society, Banaras, 1951. The Heart of Jainism, Mrs. S. Stevenson, Oxford Uni versity Press, London, 1915.

Page #287
256 jaina yoga kA AlocanAtmaka adhyayana The Key of Knowledge, C. R. Jain, Allahabad, 1928.. The Brabma Sutra, Radhakrishnan, Gorge Allen and Unwin Ltd., London, 1960. Tibetan Yoga and Secret Doctrines, Edited, W. Y, Evans Wentz. 2nd ed., Oxford University Press, London, 1958. Viveka Chudamani, Samkaracharya, Advaita Ashram, Almora, 1932, Yoga System of Patanjali, J. H. Woods, Motilal Banarasi dass, Banaras, 1966. Yoga: Philosophy, S. N. Dasgupta, Calcutta University, 1930. Yoga Philosophy V.R. Gandhi, Agamoday Samiti, Bombay, 2nd, ed., 1924. Yoga Immortality and Freedom, Translated from French by Willard R. Trask, Pantheon Books, New York, 1951. Yoga, Ernest Wood, Penguin Book Ltd., (Reprint ), England, 1965. Yoga.sastra ( Sbiva Samhita and Gberand Samibita ) ed. B. D. Basu, Sacred Book of the Hindus, 2nd ed., Allahabad 1925. Yogic Poweres And God Realisation, V. M. Bhatt, Bhartiya Vidya Bhavan, Bombay, 1964.

Page #288
zabdAnukramaNikA akSara jJAna--176 adhyAtmopaniSad-8, 47, 49 agarbha-21 anaMgakrIr3A-94 acaramAvartI-44, 63 anagAra dharmAmRta-48 acalA-197 anadhyavasAya-83 azAtatA-59 ananuSThAna-69 ajjhappayoga-7 anarthadaNDa-99 aNuvrata-89 anazana-136 aticAra-95, 99, 100, 101, anAgAmI citta-195 130 anAyatana-82 patithisaMvibhAga-102, 103 anAlambana-68 atibhArAropaNa-90 anityAnuprekSA-125 badvayatArakopaniSad-5 anizcitopadhAna-59 advaita vedAnta-31 aniSTasaMyoga-166 adhyAtma-215 anukampA-81 adhyAtmakamalamArtaNDa-50 anupAdhizeSa-228 adhyAtmakalikA-53 anuprekSA-140 adhyAtmakalpadruma-52, 57 anumatityAgapratimA-108 madhyAtma-tattvAloka-43, 51, 71, antarAtmA-40 190, 206, 207, 209, 210 annapAnanirodha-90 adhyAtma-parIkSA-53, 204 annamayakoza-11 adhyAtmapradIpa-53 anyatvAnuprekSA-126 adhyAtmaprabodha-53 apadhyAna-100 badhyAtmabheda-53 aparigrahItAgamana-94 adhyAtmarahasya-48 apAna-149 badhyAtmaliMga-53 apApakatA-112 adhyAtmasAra-49, 184, 188, apAyavicaya-172 189 apunarbandhaka-64, 85 ladhyAtmasAroddhAra-53 apramAda-60

Page #289
. 164 aprazasta abhaya jyoti - 9 abhijJA - 220 abhidharmakoza -- 157 abhidhAnacintAmaNi - 4 abhidhAna rAjendrakoza - 55, 171 abhimukhI - 197 abhyAsayoga - 6 amanaskayoga - 7, 26 amitagati - 45, 91, 93, 96, 98, 145 amRtanAdopaniSad - 5, 12, 146, 155 amRtabindUpaniSad - 5, 225 amRtAnuSThAna-69 amRtopaniSad - 153 artha - 68 - arha citta - 195 alobhatA - 59 avamaudarya - 136 azaraNAnuprakSA - 125 azucitvAnuprekSA -- 127 aSTAMgamArga - 35 aSTAMgayoga - 65 asaMsakti - 194 asat - 91 asamprajJAta - 30 asmitAnugata - 156 -AkiMcanya - 122 AgneyI dhAraNA - 174 AcAra--- . 60 ( 2 ) AcAra-vicAra- 11 AcArAMga sUtra --112 AcArya - 139 AjJA- vicaya - 172 ANava- 28 AtmadoSopasaMhAra - 60 Atmayoga - 6 AtmalInatA - 30 AtmasaMyamayoga - 6 AtmasvarUpavicAra--63 AtmA - 11, 62, 161 AtmAnuzAsana -44 AdAna nikSepa samiti - 618 AdinAtha - 25 AdipurANa - 98, 102, 110 AdhyAtmika vikAsa krama - 204, 217 AnandAnugata -- 156 AnApAnasmRti - 34 AnApAnasmRti karmasthAna - 147 AptaparIkSA - 228 Apta-puruSa- -80 Aptavacana- 81 AmnAya - 140 AyAma- 148 ArambhatyAgapratimA - 107 ArciSmatI -- 196 Arjava - 121 Arta dhyAna - 165 Arya satyoM - 35 ArSa - 161

Page #290
Ahet darzana dIpikA-116, 117, udAna-149 120, 130 uddiSTa tyAga pratimA-108 Arhat dharma-pradIpa-50 upacAra-139 Alambana-68, 183 upaniSad-5, 11, 29, 33, 219 Alokita pAna bhojana-112 225 AlocanA-59, 138 / upabhogAtiriktatA-100 Avazyaka adhyayana-166, 169 upasthApana-138 Avazyaka niyukti-37, 79, 159, upAdhyAya-139 164, 222, 224 upAsaka dazAMga-87, 88, 97, AzAdhara-48, 53 102 AzAdhara-TIkA-39 upAsakAdhyayana-82, 91, 93, Asana-142 95, 96, 97, 102, 108, Astikya-81 109, 129, 130, 145, 162 Asrava-55 umAsvAti-39 AsavAnuprekSA-127 urNa-68 icchAyama -72 UnovarI-136 icchAyoga-69 Rgveda-4, 5, 8, 9, 10, 54, itvaraparigRhItAgamana-94 132 indrAnandI-41 RjubhAva-60 iSTaviyoga-166 e0 ena0 upAdhye-41 iSTopadeza-39 ekatva-zruta-avicAra-185 IryA samiti-112, 117 ekatvAnuprekSA--126 utkaTika--144 ekAgratAsahita-158 uttarAdhyayana-7, 37, 79, 82, ekonmukhatA-58 84, 111, 112, 115, 116, eSaNA samiti-118 117, 118, 119, 120, aitareyopaniSad-9, 146 124, 125, 128, 129, aizvarI yoga-6 131, 135 138, 198, oghadRSTi-209 199, 200, 230 oghaniyuktibhASya-111 uttarAdhyayana cuurnni-199|| kaThopaniSad--5, 11, 30 utpanna kriyA pratipAti-188 kaNAda-6

Page #291
kathAdvAtriMzikA - 221 kanaphaTAyogI - 25 kandarpa - 100 kanyAlIka - 91 kapila - 20 kabIra - 25 kabIra kI vicAradhArA - 25 kartavya kaumudI - 67 karma - 198, 226 karma grantha - 203 karmayoga - 6, 13, 18 karmasAmya - 29 kAntAdRSTi - 211 kApar3iyA - 43 kAyakleza - 136 kAya gupti -- 117 kAyotsarga - 120 kAyotsargAsana - 144 kriyA - 27 kriyAyoga - 31 kriyAvaMcakra - 72 kuNDalinI - 74 kundakunda - 38, 87 kula- 140 kuladharma - 110 kulayogI - 71 kuzalatA - 16 kUTalekhakriyA - 92 kUTasAkSI - 91 kailAza - 24 kaivalya - 56 ( 4 ) kaivalyadhAma - 30 kautkucya - 100 kSamA - 121 gaNa - 140 garAnuSThAna - 69 gavAlIka -- 91 gahinInAtha - 25 gItA - 15, 17, 37, 52, 77, 225 gItA kA vyavahAra darzana - 17 guNavrata - 98 guNasthAna -- 201 gupti - 116 guru- 62 gurudAsa - 53 gotrayogI - 71 gommaTasAra ( jIvakANDa ) - 101. 200 gorakSa- -7 gorakhanAtha -- 25 gaualIka - 91 glAna - 140 jJAna-4, 27, 139 jJAnagarbhita vairAgya - 67 jJAnadeva - 25 jJAnayoga - 6, 18 jJAnasAra - 45, 169, 228 jJAnArNava - 8, 74, 93, 116, 117, 118, 125, 127, 128, 145, 148, 150, 152, 154, 160, 163,

Page #292
164, 165, 166, 167, 168, 169, 170, 171, 172, 173, 174, 175, 176, 177, 178, 179, 180, 181, 182, 184, 185, 186, 187, 189, 221, 231 jJAnezvarI (marAThI) - 26 gheraNDa saMhitA -7, 24, 147, 156 caturvizatajinastava - 119 caramAvataM kAla -64 -4 ( 5 ) caramAvartI - 44, 63 --- caryA - 27 cAmuNDarAya- -87 cAritra - 139 cAritra pAhuDa - 102 cAritra prAbhRta - 87 cAritra - sAra - 95,96, 97, 102 cAritrAcAra - 59 cAritrAtmaka - citta - 29, 195 cittanirodha - 24 cittavRttinirodha - 4 caitanya - 28 cauthA karmagrantha - 199 cauryAnanda - 168 143, chahaDhAlA - 81, 83, 84, 124 chAndogyopaniSad - 11 cheda - 90, 138 chedopasthApanAcAritra - 84 jaya - 73 jayakIrti - 53 jAgrata - 192 jAgrata * svapna - 192 jinacandra - 53 jinabhadrANi - 38 jinaratnakoza - 39, 53 jinavANI -- 135 jItakalpa - 138 jIva- 62 jIvanmukta - 226 jIvanmukti - 26 jaina AcAra - 87, 97, 104, 129 jaina graMtha aura granthakAra - 47 jaina paramparA meM tapa - 134 jaina yoga - 52 jaina sAhitya kA bRhad itihAsa - 40, 43, 50, 53, 54, 55, 74 jvAlendranAtha - 25 ThANAMga - 136 tattvajJAna - 61 tattvavatI - 175 tattvAnuzAsana - 45, 46, 159, 160, 161, 162, 163, 170, 164, 165, 169, 171, 229, 230, tattvArtha rAjavArtika - 80, 121, 122, 136, 160, 163 tatvArtha sUtra (paM0 sukhalAlajI ) - 90 tattvArtha sUtra - 3, 39, 55, 79, 81, 87, 89, 90, 91, 92, 94, 95, 97, 121, 123, 124, 130, 134, 136,

Page #293
137, 138, 140, 160, dazavaikAlika-89, 96, 127, 167, 228, 229 164, 165, 167, 218 / tattvArthAdhigama sUtra-95, 169 dazAzrutaskandha-104, 106, 107. tadubhaya-138 dahana-150 taddhetu anuSThAna -69 dAna-110, tanumAnasA-193 digvata-99 divAmithunavirati-97 tantrayoga-7 tantrasAra-28 dIghanikAya-7, 34, 35, 133, 158, 201 tantrAloka-27, 28 dIprAdRSTi-208 'tapa-31, 110, 122, 131, dIrghatamA RSi-9 134, 138 tapasyA-132 duHkhagabhita vairAgya-67 tapasvI-139 duHkhasaMyogaviyoga-yoga-6 taporatnamahodadhi-141 duHzruti-100 tArAdRSTi-206 durvRttiyAM-16 tArAdvAtrizikA-206, 208,210 dUraMgamA-197 dRSTi-204, 206 titikSA-60 trizikhabrAhmaNopaniSad-5, 13, dezavirati-65, 85 146, 153, 225 dezAvakAzika vrata-103 tiloyapaNtI-222 daivayoga-6 totrakAmabhogAbhilASA-94 daulatarAma--41 turyagA-194 dravyAhiMsA-89 tejobindUpaniSad -5 dvAtriMzikA-148, 152, 154 taittirIya AraNyaka-132, dvAdazaanuprekSA-87 taittirIyopaniSad-5, 11, 12, dhammapada-157, 227, 142, 226 dharmadhyAna-169 tyAga-122 dharmabindu-87, 89, 92, 98 daNDAsana-144 dharmamedhA-197 darzana-80, 139 dharmasaMnyAsayoga-70 darzana aura cintana-2, 200 dharmAnuprekSA-127 darzanopaniSad-5, 151, 155 dharmopadeza-140 dazacandra-40 dhAraNA-153

Page #294
( 7 ) dhRtimati-60 nityAbhiyoga-6 dhyAna-60, 141, 159, 161, niyama-219 216 niyamasAra-163 dhyAnadIpikA-50 nirapanApa-59 dhyAnabindUpaniSad-5, 155, 225, niruddhAvasthA-3 nirjarAnuprekSA-127 226 dhyAnayoga -6 nirbIja-14 dhyAnavicAra-50 nirbIjasamAdhi-157 nirvANa-227 dhyAnazataka-38, 159, 164, 166, 167, 168, 169, nirvikalpasamAdhi-32 170, 171, 183, 184, nirveda-81 185, 188 nivRttinAtha-25 dhyAnazAstra-45 nizcaya dRSTi-80 dhyAnasiddhi-163 niSpanna yogI-73 dhyeya-26 niSpratikarmatA-59 nandIguru-53 natika jIvana-34 namaskAra svAdhyAya (prAkRta)-165 nyAyadarzana-6, 78 namaskAra svAdhyAya (saMskRta)-73, nyAyavijayajI-43, 51 74 nyAsApahAra-91, 92 navacakra-74 paMcaparameSTho-178 navatattvaprakaraNa-121, 232 paMcazIla-35 navapadaprakaraNa-95 paMcasaMgraha-55 navapadArtha -159 paMcAdhyAyI-199 nAtha-25 paMcAstikAya-198 nAthabindUpaniSad--5 paDimA-104 nAthayoga-24, 25, 26 pataMjali-3, 29, 33, 37 nAtha sampradAya-25 padastha dhyAna-175 padArtha bhAvanI-194 nAthUmala-39 nArada-20 padmacarita-98, 102 nityamilanayoga-29 padmanandi-45 nityayoga-29 padmanandi paMcaviMzati-98

Page #295
padmanandi paMcaviMzatikA - 121,126 padmapurANa- -88 padmAsana - 144 parama vyomana - 9 paramAtmaprakAza - 40, 41, 46 paramAtmA - 28, 40 paramAnanda - 53 paramArthasAra - 28 paramezvara prANAyAma - 150 -- paravivAhAkaraNa - 94 parAdRSTi - 213 parigrahatyAgapratimA - 107 parigrahaparimANavrata - 94 pariSThApanA - 118 parihAra - 138 parihAravizuddhi cAritra - 84 parISad - 130 payaMkAsana - 144 parvata dharma - 39 pavana - 150 pAtaMjala yoga darzana - 38 ( 8 pAtaMjala yogasUtra - 8, 14, 29, 36, 49, 52 pApapravRttiyA~ - 62 pApopadeza - 100 pArAzara smRti - 19 pArthivI - 174 vAzupata brAhmaNopaniSad - 5 pAhuDa dohA - 46, 57 piNDastha dhyAna - 173 purandara - 149 ) purANa - 77, 225 puruSArtha - 79 puruSArthasiddhayupAya - 83, 89, 91 ; 93, 95, 17, 102, 129 pUjyapAdakRta - 39 pUjyapAdakRta iSTopadeza - 163 pUrvasevA - 61 pUrvasevA dvAtriMzikA - 228, 229 pRthakatva zruta savicAra - 184 pracchanA - 140 prajJApanA sUtra - 232 prajJApAramitA - 196 praNidhAna - 66 pratikramaNa - 119, 138 pratirUpaka vyavahAra - 92 pratItyasamutpAda - 35 pratyabhijJa -- 28 pratyabhijJAhRdayam - 27, 28 pratyAkhyAna - 60, 120 pratyAhAra - 149, 150, 152 pratyeka buddha - 196 prathama karma grantha - 198 prabodhasAra - 93 prabhAkarI - 196 prabhAdRSTi - 212 pramAdacaryA - 100 pramuditA - 196 prameyaratnamAlA - 82 pravacanasAra - 169 pravacanasAroddhAra - 136, 222, 224

Page #296
'pravRttacakrayogI-71 pravRtti-66 pravRttiyama-72 prazamaratiprakaraNam - 123, 125 prazasta-164 praznopaniSad -12 prasaMkhyAna-160 prANa-148 prANamaya--11 prANavAyu-149 prANavidyA-9 prANAyAma-146, 148 prANidhi-60 prANopAsanA-54 prAbhRtasaMgraha-98 prAyazcita-60 prAyazcita tapa-137 prIti sukha ekAgra sahita-158 proSadhopavAsa-102, 103 proSadhopavAsa pratimA-106 phalAvaMcakra-72 philAsaphI Aph gorakhanAtha -27 philAsAphikala eseja-4 bandha-90 bandhana-229 balAdRSTi-207 bahirAtmA-40 bArasa aNuvekkhA-125 bAlacandra -41 bAhyaparigraha-95 binduyoga-7 bIja jAgrata-192 buddhalIlAsAra saMgraha-133 buddhiyoga-6 bRhadAraNyakopaniSad-12, 13, 54, 142 bRhadavyasaMgraha-162, 230 bRhadravyasaMgraha (TIkA)-125 bodhicaryAvatAra-34 bodhidurbalAnuprekSA-128 bodhisattva-33 bauddha-37 bauddha darzana-3, 143, 147, 152, 158 bauddha darzana tathA anya bhAratIya darzana 34, 131, 227 bauddha dharma-darzana-154 bauddha-paramparA meM tapa-133 bauddha yoga-33, 52 bauddhAgama-34 brahma-11 brahmacarya-122 brahmacarya pratimA-107 brahmadeva-41 brahmabindUpaniSad -12, 155 brahmayoga-6 brahmavidyopaniSad-5 brahmasUtra-7 bhaktiyoga-6, 18 bhagavatIzataka-183 bhagavatIsUtra-37, 138, 141, 164, 221, 222

Page #297
bhagavadgItA-109, 110, 132, mahAmaMgalasutta-133 143, 146 mahAvAkyopaniSad-5 bhaNDopakaraNa samiti-112 mADarna rivyU-54 bhadrAsana-144 mANikacandra digambara jaina granthamAlAbhAgavata-6 bhAgavatapurANa-6, 19,20,21,22 mAraNAntika ArAdhanA-60 bhAvanA-81, 216 mAraNAntika udaya-60 bhAvalezyA-200 mArgAnusArI-60 bhAvasaMgraha-102 mArdava-121 bhAvahiMsA-89 mitrAdRSTi-205 bhASA samiti-118 mitrAdvAtriMzikA-205 bhUmyalIka-91 mithyAjJAna-82 bhogAta-166 mithyopadeza-92 bhoja-47 milindaprazna-36, 194, 195, maMgalavijaya-51 226, 227 maMtrarAjarahasya-222 mukti-32 majjhimanikAya-133,134,147, muktikopaniSad-5 158, 195 maNDalabrAhmaNopaniSad -5 muktyadveSaprAdhAnyadvAtrizikA-64, 230 matsyendranAtha-25 mada-82 muNDakopaniSad -12, 132 mana-57 munibhadrasvAmI-41 manusmRti-19 munisundara sUrIzvara-52 manogupti-116 mUr3hatA-82 manonuzAsana-125 mulAcAra-125 manomaya--11 mUlArAdhano-116, 117 mantrabheda-92 mRSAnanda-168 mantra rAjarahasya-74 maitreyI upaniSad-151 mala-27 mokSa-23, 32, 163, 228 mahAjAgrata-192 mokSapAhuDa-38 . mahAbhArata-6, 13, 14, 37, 77, mohabhita vairAgya-67 201 mohanajodar3o-8

Page #298
( 11 ) maukharya-1.. yogapaddhatisaMhitA-29 yamayoga-6 yogapAhuDa-38 yatimuni-77 yogapradIpa-47,48.51,56,59, yathAkhyAtacAritra-85 65, 159, 163, 173, 104, yama-20,56 183, 231 yazovijaya-4, 8, 43, 49 yogaphilAsaphI-2 yAjJavalkyasmRti-18, 19 yogabindu-8, 41, 43, 56, 61, yAdavasUri-53 62, 63, 64, 65, 68, 69, yoga-2, 3, 5, 11, 14, 15 73, 75, 85, 109, 141, 27, 29, 42, 55, 56, 57, 215, 216, 217, 231 yogabIja-7,61 yogakalpadruma-7 yogabhedadvAtriMzikA-53, 56, 72, yogakuNDalyopaniSad -5, 146, 215, 216, 217 155, 226 yogamanovijJAna-22, 142, 146, yogacUr3AmaNi-146 153, yogacUDAmaNyopaniSad -5, 225 yogamArga-53 yogatattvopaniSad-5, 13, 23, yogamAhAtmya dvAtrizikA-56, 153 yogaratnAkara-53 yogatArAvali-7 yogarAjopaniSad-5 yoga darzana-1, 3, 29, 30, 31, yogalakSaNadvAtriMzikA-4, 53, 63, 37, 77, 78, 125, 133, 64 143, 146, 152, 153, yogavAsiSTha-6, 22, 23, 49, 156, 157, 191, 201, 191, 192, 193, 194, 219, 220, 225, 226 225, 226 yogadIpikA-44, 53 yogavizikA-4, 8, 41, 49, 50 yogadRSTinIsajjhAyamAlA-8, 43, 56, 68, 160 / 49, 50 yogavivaraNa-53 yogadRSTisamuccaya-8, 41, 42,61, yogazataka-8, 38, 41, 61, 63, 62, 69, 70,71, 72, 204, 64, 80, 85, 86, 111, 205, 206, 207, 208, 164, 183, 199, 221 209, 210, 211, 212, yogazAstra-8, 10, 38, 47, 57, 213, 214, 231 60, 61, 74, 75, 81, 82,

Page #299
( 12 ) 88, 89, 91, 92, 94, 95, yogAvatArabattIsI-8, 49 96, 98, 99, 100, 102, yogasthita jJAna kI sAta bhUmikAe~109, 115, 117, 118, 193 125, 126, 127, 128, yogIndudeva-40, 46 136, 137, 143, 145, yogoddIpana-48 147, 148, 149, 150, yaugika sthiratA-57 151, 152, 154, 159, ratnakaraNDazrAvakAcAra-61,87, 161, 163, 165, 171, 88, 96, 98, 99, 102, 172, 173, 174, 175 105, 106, 107, 109 177, 178, 179, 180, ratnatraya-56, 79 181, 182, 183, 184, rasaparityAga-136 185, 186, 187, 188, rahasyAbhyAkhyAna-92 198, 218 rAjayoga-17, 18 yogazAstra eka parizIlana-33, rAtribhuktatyAgapratimA-106 148 rAtribhuktivirati-97 yogazAstra meM bhI caturvyaha-1 rAmasenAcArya-45, 165 yogazikhopaniSad -5, 146, 226, rAyacanda jaina granthamAlA-46 yogasaMgrahasAra-53 rUpastha dhyAna-180 yogasaMnyAsa yoga-70 rUpAtItadhyAna-181 yogasAdhanA-1,7, rogacintA-166 yogasAra-41, 46, 48, 53, 61, rodradhyAna-167 162, 173, 203 labdhiyoM-222 yogasAraprAbhRta-45, 62, 63, lavAlava-60 111, 119, 120, 199, 230 lATIsaMhitA-95 yogasiddhi-57 lezyAeM-171 yogasUtra-55, 157 lezyAkoza-201 yogAMga-30, 53 lokAnuprekSA-128 yogAmRta-53 laukika dharmapAlana-61 yogArNava-47 vacanagupti-116 yogAvaMcaka-72 vacanazuddhi-112 -yogAvatAradvAtriMzikA-205 vajrAsana-144

Page #300
( 13 ) vadha-90 viveka-138 vandanA- 119 vivekakhyAti-157 varuNa-150 vivekacUr3AmaNi-31, 32, 33, vasiSThasmRti-18, 19 225 vasunandi-87 viMzativizikA-88, 104, 121 vasuna ndizrAvakAcAra-81,87,96, vizuddhi mArga-6, 33, 34, 35, 98, 102, 104, 105, 107, 158, 195, 22. 108 vizeSAvazyakabhASya-55 vAcanA-140 viSaanuSThAna-69 vAtarazanA-54 viSNupurANa-21 ghAyavI dhAraNA-174 visuddhimagga---147, 226, 227, vAyu-149 228 vArAhopaniSad-5 vIrasena deva-53 vAruNI dhAraNA-175 vIrAsana-144 vijJAnamaya-11 vRtti parisaMkhyAna-136 vighnajaya-.66 vRttisaMkSaya-216 vicAraNA-193 vedAnta-31 vicArAnugata-155 vaidika-225 vijayasiMhamUri-51 vaidika yogasUtra-8 vitarka vicAra-158 vaiyAvRtya tapa-139 vitarkAnugata-156 vairAgya-59 videhamukta-226 bairAgyazataka-50 vidyAnuzAsana-222 vaizeSika darzana-6 vinaya-60 vyavahArayoga-80 vinaya tapa-138 vyAvahArika yoga-15 viniyoga-66 vyutsarga-60,138, 140 viparyaya-83 vyutsarga samiti-118 vipAkavicaya-172 prata-pratibhA-106 vimalA-196 zaMkA-82 viruddharAjyAtikrama-93 zakti-26 viliyamsa-52 zatapathabrAhmaNa-5 viviktazayyAsana-136 zama-81

Page #301
( 14 ) zaraNAgati yoga-6 zAMkaravedAnta-27 zAkta-28 zANDilyopaniSad-5, 23, 151, 153, 155 . zAntarasa-53 zAnta sudhArasa-125, 126 zAnti-33 zAntiparva-14 zAstrayoga-70 ziva-23, 26 zivapurANa-~21 zivapurANa vAyavIya saMhitA-~21 / zivasaMhitA-7, 24, 146, 147, zIla-79 zIlavrata-97 zukla dhyAna-182 zuci-60 zubhacandra-8,46 zubhecchA-193 zekoddeza TIkA-7, 33 zaikSya-139 zauca-122 zvetAzvara-10, 219 zvetAzvara upaniSad-11, 12 zraddhAna-4 zramaNa-77 zramaNabhUta pratimA-105 zramaNAcAra-110 zramaNoM-222 zrAvaka-87 zrIkRSNa-20 zrImadbhagavadgItA-6, 15 zrImadbhAgavata purANa-143 SaTakhaNDAgama-222 SaTasampattiyAM-32 SoDazaka-41, 44, 62, 66 SoDazataka-213 saMklezacitta-195 saMga kA tyAga-60 saMgha-140 saMtamata kA satbhaMga sampradAya-26 saMnyAsa yoga-6 saMyama-122 saMyutanikAya-33 saMyuktAdhikaraNatA-100 saMrakSaNArtha-168 saMlekhanA-139 saMvara-3, 55, 60 saMvarAnuprekSA-127 saMvega-60, 81 saMzaya-83 saMsArAnuprekSA-126 saMsthAna vicaya-172 sakRdAgAmIcitta-195 sagarbha-21 sacittatyAga pratimA-106 satya-122 satvApatti-193 sadRSTidvAtriMzikA-212 santamata kA sarabhaMga sampradAya--24 sabIja-14 sabIja samAdhi-157

Page #302
samApyatasvArthAdhigamasUtra - 140, 141 samatA - 216 samatvabhAva - 17 samasvayoga - 6 samanojJa - 140 samayasAra - 80, 199 samavAyAMga - 55, 105 164, 165, 167, 182 samavAyAMga sUtra - 37, 59 samaveza - 28 ( 15 ) samAdhi - 34, 60, 79, 156 samAdhijoga - 7 samAdhitantra - 39, 185, 203, 229 samAdhimaraNotsAhadIpaka - 187 samAdhi yoga - 31 samAdhizataka - 40 samAnavAyu - 149 samIcIna dharmazAstra - 83, 84, 107, 108 samprajJAta- -30 samyakcAritra - 83 samyaktva - 81 samyaksambuddha - 196 samyagjJAna - 35, 82 samyagdRSTi - 60, 65, 85 sarva astAdAna viramaNa - 113 sarvakAma virati -60 sarvadarzana saMgraha - 27, 32 sarvaparigraha viramaNa - 114 sarvamRSAvAda viramaNa - 113 sarvamaithuna viramaNa - 114 sarvavirati - 65 sarvArthasiddhi - 93, 98, 129, 134, 137, 138, 139, 140, 141 sAMkhyakArikA - 226 sAMkhyasUtram - 155 sAMbhava - 28 sAgAra dharmAmRta - 87, 88, 91, 93,96, 98, 99, 101, 102, 104, 107, 108, 110, 130 sAtatyayoga - 6 sAdhanacatuSTaya - 32 sAdhana yoga - 75 sAdharmika avagraha yAcanA - 114 sAdhu-140 sAdhumatI - 197 sAdhvAcAra - 110 sAmarthya yoga - 70 sAmAyika - 102, 119 sAmAyika cAritra - 84 sAmAyika pratimA - 106 sAmyazataka - 51 sAvayavadhamma dohA - 96 siddha jIva ke pandraha prakAra - 232 siddha siddhAnta paddhati - 26, 147, 152 siddhasena gaNI - 95 siddhi - 66 siddhiyama - 72 sukha ekAgrasahita - 158 sudurjayA - 196 supta kuNDalinI - 28

Page #303
suvidhi - 60 suSupti - 192 sUkSma kriyA-pratipAti -- 187 sUkSma saMparAya cAritra - 84 sUtrakRtAMga - 7, 124 sopAdhizeSa - 228 somadeva - 53 skandapurANa - 6 stena AhRtadAna - 93 stena prayoga - 93 sthAna - 68 sthAnAMga - 164, ( 16 ) 165, 166, 167, 169, 171, 182, 183, 203 sthAnAMga samavAyAMga - 59, 198, 228 sthAnAMga sUtra - 37, 138, 139, 141, 145 sthirayama - 72 sthirAdRSTi - 210 sthUla prANAtipAta viramaNa - 89 sthUla mRSAvAdI viramaNa - 90 smRtiyA~ - 34 srotaApannacitta - 195 svapna - 192 svapna- jAgrata - 192 svAdhyAya tapa - 140 svAmi kArtikeya - 87 svAmi kArtikeyAnuprekSA - 38, 93, 94, 95,96, 98, 102, 105, 106, 121, 122, 125, 126 svopajJa TIkA - 145 svopajJa vRtti - 137 svopajJa vRtti sahita - 47 haMsopaniSad - 5 haThayoga - 23, 24 haTayoga pradIpikA -7, 23, 24, 25 haThayoga saMhitA - 156 haribhadra - 3, 4, 7, 41, 43,56, 87, 104 haribhadrasUri - 37 harivaMzapurANa -- 88, 98, 102 hArIta smRti - 19 hiMsAdAna - 100 hisAnanda -- 167 hindI vizvakoza-3 hiraNyagarbha - 9 hInAdhika mAnonmAna - 93 hIrAlAla - 40, 46 hemacanda -- 4, 8, 47, 144 hemacandra dhAtumAlA - 2 hemacandrIya svopajJavRtti - 47

Page #304
hamAre mahattvapUrNa prakAzana 1. Political History of Northern India from Jaina Sources - Dr. G. C. Choudhary 60.00 2. Studies in Hemacandra's Desinamamala -Dr. Harivallabh C. Bhayani 10.00 3. A Cultural Study of the Nisitha Curni -Dr. (Mrs.) Madhu Sen 50.00 4. An Early History of Orissa -Dr. Amar Chand 40.00 5. jana AcAra -DA0 mohanalAla mehatA 20.00 6. jaina sAhitya kA bRhad itihAsa, bhAga 1 -paM0 becaradAsa dozI 35.00 7. jaina sAhitya kA bRhad itihAsa, bhAga 2 -DA. jagadIzacandra jaina va DA0 mohanalAla mehatA 35.00 8. jaina sAhitya kA bRhad itihAsa, bhAga 3 -DA0 mohanalAla mehatA 35.00 (uttara-pradeza sarakAra dvArA 1500 ru0 ke puraskAra se puraskRta) 6. jaina sAhitya kA bRhad itihAsa, bhAga 4 -DA0 mohanalAla mehatA va pro0 hIrAlAla kApar3iyA 35.00 10. jaina sAhitya kA bRhad itihAsa, bhAga 5 -paM0 aMbAlAla zAha 35... 11. jaina sAhitya kA bRhad itihAsa, bhAga 6 -DA0 gulAbacandra caudharI 45.00 (uttara-pradeza sarakAra dvArA 1000 ru0 ke puraskAra se puraskRta ) 12. jaina sAhitya kA bRhad itihAsa, bhAga 7 -paM0 ke. bhujabalI zAstrI va zrI TI0 pI0 mInAkSI sundaram pillai va DA0 vidyAdhara joharApurakara 3500 13. bauTa aura jaina AgamoM meM nArI-jIvana-DA0 komalacandra jaina 3000 14. yazastilaka kA sAMskRtika adhyayana-DA0 gokulacandra jaina 30.00 (uttara-pradeza sarakAra dvArA 500 ru0 ke puraskAra se puraskRta) 15. uttarAdhyayana-sUtra : eka parizIlana-DA0 sudarzanalAla jaina 40.00 (uttara-pradeza sarakAra dvArA 500 ru0 ke puraskAra se puraskRta) 16. jaina-dharma meM ahiMsA -DA0 baziSThanArAyaNa sinhA 30.00 17. apabhraMza kathAkAvya evaM hiMdI premAkhyAnaka-DA0 premacandra jaina 3000 (uttara-pradeza sarakAra dvArA 1000 ru0 ke puraskAra se puraskRta) 18. jaina dharma-darzana -DA0 mohanalAla mehatA 30.00 (uttara-pradeza sarakAra dvArA 1000 ru0 ke puraskAra se puraskRta) 19. tattvArthasUtra (vivecanasahita) -paM0 sukhalAla saMghavI 20. jaina yoga kA AlocanAtmaka adhyayana --DA0 arhadAsa baMDovA dige 30.00 Yaainetprary.org