Mahopadhyaya Samaysundar Vyaktitva evam Krutitva

Author(s): Chandraprabh
Publisher: Jain Shwetambar Khartargaccha Sangh Jodhpur
Catalog link: https://jainqq.org/explore/012071/1

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zrI candraprabha mahopAdhyAya samayasundara vyaktitva evaM kRtitva "

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mahopAdhyAya samayasundara vyaktitva evaM kRtitva hindI sAhitya sammelana, prayAga dvArA svIkRta zodha-prabandha zrI candraprabha zrI jaina zve. kharataragaccha zrI saMgha, jodhapura zrI jitayazA phAuMDezana, jayapura

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prakAzaka 1.zrIjaina zve.kharataragaccha saMgha, kuzala bhavana, Ahora kI havelI ke pAsa, jodhapura (rAja.) jaina dAdAbAr3I, 10vIM roDa, saradArapurA, jodhapura (rAja.) 2. zrI jitayazA phAuMDezana, bI-7, anukampA dvitIya, ema.AI.roDa, jayapura (rAja.) phona: 0141-2364737 prakAzana varSa : janavarI, 2008 mudraka : bhArata priMTarsa, jodhapura

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prakAzakIya zrI jaina zve. kharataragaccha saMgha, jodhapura evaM zrI jitayazA phAuMDezana ke lie yaha saubhAgya kI bAta hai ki hameM 'mahopAdhyAya samayasundara : vyaktitva evaM kRtitva' zodha-prabaMdha ko puna: prakAzita karane kA avasara milA hai| ___ yaha zodha-prabaMdha prasiddha sAhityakAra evaM mahAna ciMtaka pUjya zrI candraprabha jI dvArA lagabhaga 25 varSa pUrva jaina darzana ke apratima vidvAna DaoN. sAgaramala jI jaina ke nidezana meM likhA gayA thaa| isI graMtha para unheM hindI sAhitya sammelana, ilAhabAda dvArA mahopAdhyAya kI upAdhi pradAna kI gaI thii| dharmasaMgha ke sarvazraddheya kavi, vidvAna evaM sAhityakAra upAdhyAya zrI samayasundara jI mahArAja svayaM apane samaya meM bhI eka mahAna dArzanika evaM sAhityamanISI ke rUpa meM pUje gaye aura Aja bhI unake gIta hara paraMparA meM gAye-gunagunAye jAte haiN| unake haz2AroM gIta aura saiMkar3oM graMtha hamAre bIca maujUda haiN| unake aneka graMtha prakAzita bhI ho cuke haiN| unakI vidvattA kI dhAka itanI z2abaradasta thI ki ve samrATa akabara ke bhI cahete saMta ho gaye the| unake dvArA 'rAjA no dadate saukhyam' jaise eka sAdhAraNa vAkya ke dasa lAkha se adhika artha nikAle gaye the| isa eka bAta se hI yaha siddha ho jAtA hai ki samayasundara jI kevala eka saMta nahIM the varan mA~ sarasvatI ke kRpApAtra putra bhI the| unake sArvabhauma aura sArvakAlika vyaktitva evaM kRtitva se hara Ama evaM prabuddha vyakti bhalI-bhAMti paricata ho sake, isI uddezya se hamane prastuta graMtha ko prakAzita karane kA saMkalpa liyaa| hameM prasannatA hai ki hama apane saMkalpa ko pUrA kara pAne meM saphala hue|

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yaha zodha-prabaMdha Aja bhI zodhakartAoM ke lie Adarza rUpa hai| kisI bhI zodhArthI ko kitanI gahana khojabIna ke sAtha apanA kArya karanA cAhie, yaha bAta sIkhane ke lie vidvAna loga isa graMtha kA upayoga karate haiM / graMtha-prakAzana hetu hama apane sabhI sahayogI sadasyoM ke prati AbhArI haiN| prakAzadaphtarI kuMdanamala jiMdAnI saciva adhyakSa jitayazA phAuMDezana, zrI jaina zve. kharataragaccha saMgha, jayapura jodhapura

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purovAk prAkRta, saMskRta, apabhraMza, hindI aura aneka prAdezika bhASAoM ke vikAsa meM jaina sAhityakAroM kI eka samRddha paramparA rahI hai| unake mahattvapUrNa yogadAna kA zodhaparaka dRSTi se adhyayana karanA nitAnta aparihArya hai| jaina sAhityakAroM ne sAhitya ko sadaiva AdhyAtmika, vyavasthAmUlaka aura naitika pRSThabhUmi meM pratiSThita karane kA prayatna kiyA hai| unhoMne sAhitya ke zAzvata mUlyoM ko hI nirantara sthApita kiyA tathA dUSita udvegoM evaM kalpanAoM se apanI sRjanAtmaka zakti ko pare rkhaa| unhoMne sAhitya ko samAja ke zAzvata tathA svastha jIvana ke pradarzaka ke rUpa meM hI grahaNa kiyA thaa| ataH unakA sAhitya dizA - bhramita jIvana ke lie sthAyI prakAza stambha ke samAna hai / mahopAdhyAya samayasundara bhAratIya sAhitya kI mahAn vibhUti the / bhAratIya cintana, sAhitya evaM sAdhanA ke kSetra meM unakI bhUmikA atyanta mahattvapUrNa hai / ve na kevala mahAn guru aura samAja-sudhAraka hI the, apitu vilakSaNa pratibhA tathA sarjana- kSamatA se sampanna manISI bhI the| jahA~ eka ora unhoMne marugurjara ke itihAsa ko prabhAvita kiyA, bhArata ke vividha aJcaloM meM yAtrA kara jainadharma kA pracAra-prasAra kiyA, aneka rAjAoM ko prerita kara unake rAjyoM ko ahiMsAmaya banAyA; vahIM unhoMne darzana, sAhitya, vyAkaraNa, kAvyazAstra Adi vAGmaya ke samasta mahattvapUrNa aMgoM para sAhitya kA nirmANa kara, isa dizA meM eka navIna patha ko prakAzita bhI kiyaa| vAstava meM, na kevala jaina - sAhitya apitu sampUrNa bhAratIya sAhitya ke mUrdhanya racayitAoM meM mahopAdhyAya samayasundara kA nAma gaurava ke sAtha prastuta kiyA jA sakatA hai| sacamuca, unakA vyaktitva evaM kRtitva donoM bahuvidha sampanna the / mahopAdhyAya samayasundara kA jIvana, racanA -kAla, racanAe~ aura unake jIvana kI pramukha ghaTanAe~ adhikatara upalabdha haiN| unhoMne pUrvAcAryoM se bahuta-kucha grahaNa kiyA, to paravartI vicArakoM ko cintana ke lie bahuta-kucha pradAna bhI kiyA / sAhitya-premiyoM ne unake sAhitya ko samhAla kara surakSita rakhA hai, tathApi unakA kucha sAhitya kAlakavalita ho gayA / unake aneka grantha prakAzita ho cuke haiM aura avaziSTa hastalikhita

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grantha prakAzana kI apekSA rakhate haiM, kintu jahA~ taka unakA anusaMdhAnaparaka dRSTi se adhyayana karane kA prazna hai, aneka vidvAnoM ne isake lie prayAsa kiyA hai| isa kSetra meM yadi kisI ne sarvaprathama ullekhanIya kArya kiyA, to vaha jaina sAhitya ke mahArathI mohanalAla dalIcanda desAI haiN| unhoMne bhAvanagara (gujarAta) meM Ayojita saptama gujarAtI sAhitya pariSad meM 'kavivara samayasundara' nAmaka apane vistRta zodhanibandha kA paThana kiyA thaa| tatpazcAt prasiddha sAhityakAra zrI agaracanda nAhaTA evaM zrI bhaMvaralAla nAhaTA kA isa kSetra meM mahattvapUrNa yogadAna rhaa| nAhaTA-bandhuoM ko to unake zaizava-kAla se hI kavi samayasundara kI racanAoM kA mAdhurya prApta hotA rhaa| samayasundara kI racanAe~ unake lie mAtRdugdha ke samAna thiiN| samayasundara kI lagabhaga 500 phuTakara racanAoM ko susampAdita evaM prakAzita kara, zodhakartAoM ko unhoMne acchI sAmagrI pradAna kii| kavi samayasundara kI katipaya vRhat racanAoM para bhI unakA kArya stutya hai| mahopAdhyAya vinayasAgara ne kavivara samayasundara ke sAhitya ke lagabhaga sabhI aMgoM para navIna adhyayana prastuta kiyA hai| yadyapi unakA prastutikaraNa atisaMkSipta hai, tathApi unhoMne jitanA kiyA hai, vaha apane Apa meM isa prakAra kA sarvaprathama prayAsa hone ke kAraNa abhinandanIya hai| samayasundara ke sAhitya para Aja taka hue zodhamUlaka adhyayanoM meM DaoN.satyanArAyaNa svAmI kA 'mahAkavi samayasundara aura unakI rAjasthAnI racanAe~' nAmaka zodha-prabandha ullekhanIya hai| isameM kavivara samayasundara ke jIvana-caritra evaM bhASA-sAhitya kA Akalana karane kA prayAsa kiyA gayA hai| yadyapi DaoN. svAmI ne samayasundara kI rAjasthAnI racanAoM ke saMdarbha meM zlAghya prayAsa kiyA hai, parantu maiMne jaba unake zodhaprabandha kA avalokana kiyA, to mujhe lagA ki abhI taka bhI samayasundara ke bhASA-sAhitya para zodha kI apekSA hai| isake atirikta samayasundara kA saMskRta-sAhitya to abhI taka achUtA hI rhaa| samayasundara ke vyaktitva evaM kRtitva kA bahiraMga avazya prakAzita huA, kintu antaraMga aspaSTa hI par3A rhaa| isa prakAra mahopAdhyAya samayasundara ke vyaktitva evaM kRtitva ke gaveSaNAtmaka dRSTi se adhyayana kI AvazyakatA vyApaka rUpa se abhI bhI banI huI thii| prastuta grantha usI dizA meM eka prayAsa hai| zodhakArya prArambha karane se pUrva yadyapi maiMne mahopAdhyAya samayasundara ke maulika evaM vyAkhyAtmaka saMskRta-sAhitya kA viSaya cunA, kintu bAda meM vicAra AyA ki kyoM na samayasundara ke sampUrNa vyaktitva evaM kRtitva ko hI adhyayana kA viSaya banAyA jAya, tAki anya kSetroM meM rahI apUrNatA ko bhI pUrNa karane kA prayAsa kiyA jA ske| ataH 'mahopAdhyAya samayasundara : vyaktitva evaM kRtitva' - yaha viSaya nirdhArita kara maiMne manoyogapUrvaka zodha-kArya zurU kiyaa|

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prastuta zodha-prabandha meM maiMne mahopAdhyAya samayasundara ke vyaktitva evaM kRtitva kA vividha dRSTikoNoM se adhyayana karane kA prayatna kiyA hai, jisakA saMkSipta vivaraNa nimna anusAra hai - prathama adhyAya meM samayasundara ke jIvana-vRtta kA savizleSaNa vivecana kiyA gayA hai| isameM sarvaprathama samayasundara ke jIvana-vRtta ko prastuta karane ke lie upalabdha sAmagrI kA vivaraNa prastuta kiyA gayA hai| tatpazcAt upalabdha prAmANika sAkSyoM ke AdhAra para samayasundara ke nAma, janma-sthAna, janma-tithi, mAtA-pitA, jAti tathA gotra, gRhasthajIvana, dIkSA, guru-paramparA, zikSA aura zikSA-guru, padArohaNa, pada-yAtrAe~, abhAva tathA saMgharSa, kriyoddhAra, vyaktitva, antima jIvana evaM samAdhimaraNa aura ziSya-parivAra para kramaza: vicAra kiyA gayA hai| samayasundara ke vyaktitva kA paricaya dete hue unake jJAnagAmbhIrya, bhakti-pravaNatA, Atmavat sarvabhUteSu' kI avadhAraNA se abhibhUtatA, sAmpradAyika audArya, AcAra-niSThA, sAhitya-sevA Adi vizeSatAoM kA mukhyataH vizleSaNa kiyA gayA hai| dvitIya adhyAya kA sambandha samayasundara ke kRtitva se hai| isa adhyAya meM mahopAdhyAya samayasundara kI racanAoM ko maulika saMskRta racanAe~, saMskRta-TIkAe~, saMgraha-grantha, bhASA-kRtiyA~, bAlAvabodha yA bhASA-TIkA, prakIrNaka racanAe~ - isa prakAra vargIkaraNa karate hue unake upalabdha sAhitya kA paricayAtmaka adhyayana prastuta kiyA gayA hai| prakIrNaka racanAoM meM samayasundara kI tIrthaGkara sambandhita racanAe~, muniyoM se sambandhita racanAe~, satiyoM se sambandhita racanAe~, guru-gIta, upadezaparaka racanAe~, viraha-gIta aura anya samasta phuTakara racanAoM ko sammilita kiyA gayA hai| tRtIya adhyAya meM samayasundara kI bhASA kA adhyayana bhASA-paricaya, bhASAzailI evaM bhASA-zakti- ina tIna mukhya zIrSakoM ke antargata kiyA gayA hai| bhASA-paricaya meM samayasundara kI saMskRta bhASA, prAkRta bhASA, maru-gurjara bhASA (prAcIna hindI) aura sindhI bhASA kA samIkSAtmaka paricaya diyA gayA hai| bhASA-zailI ke antargata samayasundara kI gadya-zailI, padya-zailI evaM gadya-padya-mizrita-zailI kA nirdezana karate hue una-una zailiyoM meM likhita granthoM kA vargIkaraNa kiyA gayA hai| isake bAda varNyaviSaya Adi ke AdhAra para samayasundara kI bahuvidha bhASA-zailI kA vizeSa adhyayana kiyA gayA hai, jinameM tArkika zailI, anekArthI zailI, saMvAda zailI, dRSTAnta zailI, vyAkhyAtmaka zailI, mizritabhASA zailI, pAdapUrti zailI Adi pramukha haiN| tatpazcAt bhASA-zakti ke antargata samayasundara kA bhASA-sAmarthya savistAra varNita hai|| caturtha adhyAya meM samayasundara ke varNana-kauzala kI carcA kI gaI hai| isameM prakRti, nagara, vaibhava, svapna, nakha-zikha, nartakI, svayaMvara-maNDapa, vivAha, yuddha, zakuna,

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(iv) nagara-pravezotsava, Alekhana, SoDaza roga Adi vibhinna varNanoM meM samayasundara ke kauzala ko darzAne kA prayatna kiyA gayA hai| ___ paMcama adhyAya meM kAvyazAstrIya adhyayana prastuta hai| isameM samayasundara kI racanAoM meM prApta sAhityika tattvoM para vizad prakAza DAlA gayA hai| yaha adhyAya vivecana kI suvidhA kI dRSTi se do khaNDoM meM vibhakta hai| khaNDa 'ka' meM rasa-paripAka, alaMkArazilpa, guNa, chanda-yojanA, rAgeM tathA dezI - inheM kendra-bindu banAkara samayasundara ke kAvyoM meM prApta sAhityika tattvoM ko ujAgara kiyA gayA hai| khaNDa 'kha' meM vivecya sAhitya meM upalabdha sUkta-subhASitoM, kahAvatoM tathA muhAvaroM kA ullekha hai| SaSTha adhyAya samayasundara kA vicAra-pakSa hai, jisameM unake dArzanika, dhArmika, sAmAjika evaM naitikatApUrNa vaicArika pakSa kA vivecana hai| saptama adhyAya meM samayasundara ke vyaktitva evaM kRtitva kA mUlyAMkana kiyA gayA hai, jisameM samagra zodha-prabandha kA siMhAvalokana karate hue niSkarSa prastuta kiyA gayA hai| isa prakAra sAta adhyAyoM meM vibhakta prastuta zodha-prabandha meM samayasundara ke vyaktitva evaM kRtitva kA samucita digdarzana karane kA prayAsa kiyA gayA hai| isa prayAsa ko mUrta rUpa dene meM jina sahRdaya mahAnubhAvoM kA AzIrvAda aura sahayoga prApta huA hai, una sabake prati vinamra kRtajJatA jJApita karanA bhI maiM apanA parama punIta kartavya samajhatA huuN| sarvaprathama maiM una Adarza mahApuruSoM ke prati vinayAvanata hU~, jinake upadeza Aja bhI jIva-mAtra ke lie zAzvata mArgadarzaka haiN| sAtha hI maiM mahopAdhyAya samayasundara jI ke prati bhI zraddhAvanata hU~, jinake vizAla sAhitya para maiMne yaha zodha-kArya kiyA hai| samayasundara kI racanAe~ jisa rUpa meM hameM saMgrahIta milatI haiM, hama unake saMgrahakartAoM ke prati bhI AbhArI haiM, jinake phalasvarUpa samayasundara ke sAhitya kI vaha pavitra nidhi surakSita rahakara hameM upalabdha ho sakI hai| hama muni sukhasAgarajI, muni maMgalasAgarajI Adi mahAnubhAvoM ke prati bhI AbhAra vyakta karate haiM, jinhoMne dAnadAtAoM evaM prAcIna pustakoddhAraka prakAzakoM ko satpreraNA dekara mahopAdhyAya samayasundara ke sAhitya ko prakAzita karavAne meM ruci lii| mohanalAla dalIcanda desAI, agaracanda nAhaTA, bhaMvaralAla nAhaTA, mahopAdhyAya vinayasAgara, DaoN. satyanArAyaNa svAmI, DaoN. ramaNalAla cI. zAha Adi vidvAnoM ke prati bhI hama kRtajJa haiM, jinhoMne hamAre Alocya sAhityakAra ko apanI sAhitya-sevA meM saMlagna kiyA aura unake Aloka ko jana-jana taka pahu~cAne meM sakriya sahayoga pradAna kiyaa| __ aba sarvaprathama maiM pUjyAtizaya guruvarya AcArya jinakAntisAgarasUrijI ke prati hArdika vinayAMjali samarpita karatA hU~, jinakI anukampA se maiM apane lakSya kA sandhAna

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karane meM saphala ho pAyA huuN| sAtha hI jIvana meM ucca zikSA evaM dIkSA ke preraNA pradAyaka pitR-puruSa munirAja zrI mahimAprabhasAgara jI ke caraNa-kamaloM meM bhAvapUrita hRdaya se zraddhA-sumana samarpita karanA merA karttavya hai| pUjyazrI kA maMgalamaya varada hasta merI amUlya thAtI hai| satya to yaha hai ki unakI varad chatrachAyA ke pariNAmasvarUpa hI maiM Aja yaha jJAna-puSpa nirmita kara pAne kI sthiti meM huuN| isa sandarbha meM maiM apane ananya AtmIya bhAI munivara zrI lalitaprabhasAgara jI ko AbhAra samarpita karatA hU~, jinhoMne na kevala prastuta zodhaprabandha meM, apitu mere jIvana ke pratyeka kSetra meM mujhe kRpApUrNa sahayoga pradAna kiyaa| unake prati namana karate hue eka pathasahacara kI ananya bhAvanA kA gaurava banAe rakhanA mere jIvana kI pUMjI hai| kRtajJatA-jJApana kI isa kar3I meM una gurujanoM ke prati, jinake vyaktigata sneha, protsAhana evaM mArgadarzana ne mujhe sakriya sahayoga pradAna kiyA hai, AbhAra prakaTa karanA bhI merA parama karttavya hai| sarvaprathama maiM prastuta gaveSaNA ke nirdezaka tathA RjutA evaM vidvattA kI pratimUrti DaoN. sAgaramala jI jaina kA atyanta AbhArI hU~, jinhoMne apane svAsthya evaM samayAbhAva kI cintA na karate hue prastuta gaveSaNA ke samasta aMzoM ko sadaiva dhyAnapUrvaka par3hA evaM usameM sudhAra tathA saMzodhana ke lie mArgadarzana kiyaa| vastutaH isa prabandha meM unakA Adi se anta taka sarvAdhika sahayoga rahA, jo avismaraNIya hai| maiM nahIM samajhatA hU~ ki kevala zAbdika AbhAra prakaTa karane mAtra se maiM unake prati apane dAyitva se uRNa ho sakatA hU~; jinase dharma, darzana aura zAstra kA jJAna upArjita kara sakA aura jinake sahakAra se yaha mahat kArya sampanna kara sakA, unake prati kaise AbhAra prakaTa karU~ , yaha maiM nahIM samajha pA rahA huuN| ve mere lie gurutulya haiM, mere lie yahI gaurava kI bAta hai| pArzvanAtha vidyAzrama zodha saMsthAna, vArANasI kA vizAla granthAgAra evaM zAMtipUrNa vAtAvaraNa isa uddezya kI pUrti meM sahAyaka siddha huA hai| saMsthAna ke nidezaka evaM vyavasthApaka/saMcAlakoM ke atirikta zodha-sahAyaka DaoN. ravizaMkara mizra, DaoN. aruNakumAra siMha tathA pustakAlayAdhyakSa DaoN. maMgalaprakAza mehatA evaM anya sabhI karmacArIgaNa se prApta sahayoga ke lie unake prati bhI AbhAra vyakta karatA huuN| zrI abhaya jaina granthAlaya, bIkAnera; zrI pUraNacanda nAhara-saMgrahAlaya, kolakAtA; jaina bhavana, kolakAtA; zrI jinaharisAgarasUrijJAna-bhaNDAra, pAlItANA; zrI kuzalacandra sUrijJAna-bhaNDAra, vArANasI Adi vividha saMgrahAlayoM kA bhI AbhArI hU~, jahA~ se mahopAdhyAya samayasundara ke hastalikhita grantha upalabdha hue| vAtsalya-mUrti sAdhvI-ratnA, mAtAjI mahArAja zrI jitayazAzrI jI ma. kI zubhAzaMsAe~ merI lakSya-pUrti meM sahAyaka rhiiN| sabhI zubhecchukoM evaM sahayogiyoM ke prati aabhaar-jnyaapn|

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(vi) vArANasI meM do varSa taka sthiravAsa karake maiMne prastuta prabandha ko sAkAra rUpa diyA hai| isa avadhi meM zrI jaina zvetAmbara paMcAyatI bar3A maMdira evaM kharataragaccha saMgha, kolakAtA dvArA prApta huI viziSTa sevAoM ke lie unakA AbhAra prakaTa karatA huuN| isI krama meM itihAsavid zrI agaracaMda jI nAhaTA, vidvadvarya zrI bhaMvaralAlajI nAhaTA, samAja ratna zrI jJAnacandajI lUNAvata, kolakAtA; devatulya bhAI zrI prakAzacanda jI daphtarI. bIkAnera/kolakAtA; zrImatI kamalA jaina, zAjApura; ananya sevAbhAvI zrImatI belAdevI vArANasI Adi ke nirantara sahayoga hetu dhanyavAda samarpita karatA huuN| prastuta prabandha punarprakAzana hetu jodhapura ke kharataragaccha zrIsaMgha evaM jitayazA phAuMDezana kI sakriyatA abhinandanIya hai| jodhapura ke samAdRta samAja-ratna zrI kuMdanamala jI jiMdAnI ke Agraha aura anurodha ke kAraNa hI isa grantha kA punarprakAzana sambhava ho sakA hai| punaH abhivAdana shit| -candraprabha

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viSaya-sUcI i-vi 1-69 71-269 271-305 307-336 purovAk prathama adhyAya : samayasundara kA jIvana-vRtta dvitIya adhyAya : samayasundara kI racanAe~ tRtIya adhyAya : samayasundara kI bhASA caturtha adhyAya : samayasundara kA varNana-kauzala paMcama adhyAya : samayasundara kI racanAoM meM sAhityika tattva SaSTha adhyAya : samayasundara kA vicAra-pakSa saptama adhyAya : upasaMhAra sandarbha grantha-sUcI 337-447 449-480 481-492

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prathama adhyAya samayasundara kA jIvana-vRtta

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1. pUrvakathana sAhitya-saMsAra meM mahopAdhyAya samayasundara ke pUrvavartI aneka kaviyoM ne bahuvidha grantha-ratnoM kI sRSTi kI hai, jinameM nATaka Adi dRzya-kAvya evaM jIvana - AkhyAna, mahAkAvya, muktakAdi zravya-kAvya samAhita haiM, jinake maMcana, avalokana, paThana yA zravaNa se prasupta sthAyI bhAva uddIpta hokara AsvAdamayI evaM AnandamayI lokottara anubhUti karAte haiN| saMskRta, prAkRta, pAlI, apabhraMza aura hindI bhASA meM jina pUrvavartI kRtikAroM ne mahAn kRtiyoM kA hRdayahArI praNayana kiyA hai, ve sabhI hamArI sAhityika saMcetanA aura AdhyAtmika anubhUtiyoM ke lie AdhArabhUta haiM / ye kRtiyA~ jIvana meM sAhasa evaM niSThA kA saMcAra karatI haiM aura sthitaprajJa hone kA anavarata sandeza pradAna karatI haiN| ina grantha-ratnoM ke ullekhya mahattva ke sAtha-sAtha jaba hama inake racayitAoM ke jIvana-vRtta kA parijJAna prApta karane ke viSaya meM utsuka hote haiM, to gahana udAsInatA evaM nirAzA kA sAmanA karanA par3atA hai / kavi hAla, kAlidAsa, svayambhU, puSpadanta, kabIra, jAyasI, sUra, tulasI prabhRti aneka mUrdhanya kaviyoM ke jIvanavRtta se Aja bhI hama yathArthataH aparicita hI haiN| inake pAvana evaM preraNAspada udAtta jIvana ke sambandha meM thor3A-bahuta jJAna paravartI kaviyoM tathA sAhityakAroM ke dvArA unake sambandha meM kiye gaye ullekhoM se hI prApta ho pAtA hai| adyAvadhi vidvatsamAja ina ullekhoM kI vyAkhyA ke sambandha meM ekamata nahIM ho sakA hai| yahI kAraNa hai ki inake jIvanavRtta Aja bhI vivAdAspada bane hue haiN| kitanA acchA hotA yadi ve manISI apanI jIvanI bhI svayaM hI varNita kara dete ! sambhavataH unakI mahanIyatA ne hI unheM yaha kArya karane se rokA hogA ki ve apane viSaya meM kabhI lekhanI calAne ko soca bhI na sakeM / unheM kyA patA thA ki unakI jIvanI ko avagata karane ke lie unakI bhAvI pIr3hiyA~ itanI adhika utsuka aura lAlAyita hoNgii| kavivara samayasundara ke dvArA apanA jIvana-vRtta na likhane ke kAraNa unakA jIvana-vRtta bhI kisI sImA taka vivAdagrasta hai / - vRtta kI sAmagrI kavi samayasundara ke jIvana-vRtta ke sandarbha meM jo sAmagrI hameM upalabdha hotI hai, vaha adholikhita hai. (ka) (kha) 2. jIvana-va kavi samayasundara kI racanAoM meM prApta Atma - kathana / paravartI jaina kaviyoM dvArA praNIta granthoM meM samayasundara evaM unake sambandha meM prApta ullekh|

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mahopAdhyAya samayasundara : vyaktitva evaM kRtitva (ga) vartamAna vidvAnoM ke zodhapUrva lekha evaM granthoM kI bhUmikAoM meM kavi kA jiivn-pricy| prathama prakAra kI sAmagrI ke antargata samayasundara-likhita racanAoM se unakA janma-sthAna, guru, guru-vaMza-paramparA, upAdhi, pravAsa, jIvana-saMgharSa, kriyoddhAra Adi ke sambandha meM kaI bAteM jJAta hotI haiN| unhoMne apane granthoM meM grantha ke Arambha evaM samApti kA samaya, kAvya-racanA kI preraNA, sAhitya-sarjana, samakAlIna paristhiti, duSkAla ityAdi ghaTanAoM kI jAnakArI bhI pradAna kI hai| sAtha hI sAtha ina granthoM se unake vyaktitva evaM kRtitva tathA kucha svabhAvagata vizeSatAoM kA bhI paricaya upalabdha hotA paravartI jaina kaviyoM dvArA praNIta granthoM meM bhI samayasundara ke jIvana-vRta ke viSaya meM kucha mahattvapUrNa sUcanAe~ prApta hotI haiM / aneka paravartI kaviyoM ne apanI kRtiyoM meM mahopAdhyAya samayasundara kA smaraNa zraddhApUrvaka kiyA hai| inameM hindI ke atirikta saMskRta ke kavi bhI sammilita haiN| kavirAja RSabhadAsa, vAdIndra harSanandana, kavi rAjasoma, kavi devIdAsa, paMDita vinayacandra evaM upAdhyAya labdhimuni ne apanI racanAoM meM samayasundara kA ullekha kiyA hai| samayasundara kI pratibhA ko prakAzita karanevAle kucha padya draSTavya haiM(ka) RSabhadAsa : susAdhu haMsa samayosuracanda, zItala vacana jima zArada cnd| e kavi moTA, buddhi vizAla, te Agali hU~ mUrakha bAla // (kha) harSanandana : tacchiSya mukhyadakSAH vidvadvara smysundraahvyH| kalikAla-kAlidAsAH, gItArthA ye upaadhyaayaa|| prAgvATa zuddhavaMzAH, ssddbhaassaagiitikaavykrtaarH| siddhaant-kaavy-ttiikaa-krnnaadjnyaan-hrtaarH||2 (ga) rAjasoma: nava khaMDa meM jasu nAma paMDita giruA ho, tarka vyAkaraNa bhnnyaa| artha kiyA abhirAma, pada ekaNarA ho, ATha lAkha AkarA / / sAdhu bar3o e mahanta akabara zAhe ho, vkhaanniiyo| samayasundara bhAgyavaMta pAtizAha tUThe ho, thApali ima kahyo // 3 1. kumArapAla-rAsa (racanA-saM. 1670) 2. uttarAdhyayana-TIkA, prazasti (saM. 1711) 3. naladavadantI-rAsa, pariziSTa I, pRSTha 132

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samayasundara kA jIvana-vRtta (gha) devIdAsa : samayasundara vANArasa vaMdiye, sulalita vANI vakhANo jii| rAya raMjaNa gItAratha guNanilo, mahimA meru samANo jii|| (Ga) vinayacandra : jJAna-payodhi prabodhivAre, abhinava zazihara praay| kumudacandra upamAna bahe re, samayasundara kviraay|| tatapara zAstra samarathivAre, sAra aneka vicaar| vali kalindIkA kamalinI re, ullAsana dinakAra // 2 (ca) upAdhyAya labdhimuni : mahopAdhyAya sukhyAta, kavizreSTha- vishaardH| sakalacandra - ziSyobhUdgaNi smysundrH| saMskRta-gadya-padyAtma-granthA anena bhuurishH| svAdhyAyastava-rAsAdyA, bhASAtmakAH pracakrire // 3 tRtIya prakAra kI sAmagrI ke antargata Adhunika vidvAnoM dvArA likhe gaye zodhapUrNa lekha tathA granthoM kI bhUmikAe~ AtI haiN| inameM kavi ke jIvana-vRtta ko suvyavasthita rUpa se prastuta karane kA prayatna kiyA gayA hai, jinakA vivaraNa prathama prakAra kI sAmagrI ke antargata pUrva meM diyA jA cukA hai| paravartI kaviyoM kI racanAoM meM prayukta kavi samayasundara ke jIvana-vRtta viSayaka ullekhoM ke AdhAra para unakI jIvanI meM kucha navIna AyAma bhI prastuta hue haiN| mAtA-pitA, gotra, janma-dIkSA-avasthA, zikSaNa, padavI, paryaTana-kSetra Adi jo aprApya tathya prakAza meM Aye haiM, ve Adhunika vidvAnoM kI hI dena haiN| saMkSepa meM yaha sAmagrI isa prakAra hai(ka) zrI mohanalAla dalIcanda desAI ne 'kavivara samayasundara' nAmaka apane nibandha meM tathA jaina gUrjara kavio, prathama bhAga evaM jaina sAhitya no itihAsa'6 nAmaka kRtiyoM meM kavi ke vyaktitva aura kRtitva kA sarvaprathama prAmANika evaM vistRta paricaya diyA hai| 1. naladavadantI-rAsa, pariziSTa I, pRSTha 135 2. uttamakumAra-caritra-caupAI (3.8-9) racanAkAla saM. 1752 3. yugapradhAna zrI jinacandrasUri-caritam, pRSTha 89, 91 4. yaha nibandha saptama gujarAtI sAhitya-pariSada meM paThita evaM jaina-sAhitya-saMzodhaka', bhAga 2, aMka 3-4 meM prakAzita hai| 5. jaina gUrjara kavio, bhAga 1, (pRSTha 331-391) 6. jaina sAhitya no itihAsa, prakaraNa 4-5

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mahopAdhyAya samayasundara : vyaktitva evaM kRtitva (kha) zrI agaracaMda nAhaTA evaM zrI bhaMvaralAla nAhaTA dvArA sampAdita 'samayasundara kRti kusumAMjali' nAmaka grantha kI bhUmikA meM AcArya hajArIprasAda dvivedI, zrI agaracaMda nAhaTA, zrI bhaMvaralAla nAhaTA aura mahopAdhyAya zrI vinayasAgara ne kavi ke jIvana-vRtta ke sandarbha meM vistRta prakAza DAlA hai| (ga) zrI agaracaMda nAhaTA tathA zrI bhaMvaralAla nAhaTA dvArA sampAdita 'sItArAma caupAI 4 meM kavi kI jIvanI ke sambandha meM vizad vivecana prApta hotA hai| (gha) zrI agaracanda nAhaTA kA 'kavivara samayasundara 5 nAmaka nibandha bhI prakAzita huA hai| isameM kavi ke janma aura dIkSA-samaya ko chor3akara anya sampUrNa sAmagrI ko vidvAnoM ne ekamata se svIkAra kiyA hai| (Ga) samayasundara kRta 'naladavadaMtI-rAsa' nAmaka grantha kI bhUmikA meM grantha-sampAdaka ramaNalAla cImanalAla zAha ne kavi ke jIvana-vRtta ke sandarbha meM bahuvidha vivecana kiyA (ca) mahopAdhyAya vinayasAgara ne kavi ke vyaktitva aura kRtitva para svataMtra rUpa se 'mahopAdhyAya samayasundara' nAmaka pustaka likhI hai| yaha pustaka 'samayasundara kRti kusumAMjali' meM bhI saMkalita hai| (cha) DaoN. satyanArAyaNa svAmI ne 'mahAkavi samayasundara aura unakI rAjasthAnI racanAe~' nAmaka apane zodha-prabandha meM kavi ke rAjasthAnI bhASAgata sAhitya kA sarvAMgINa savistAra vivecana kiyA hai| isake atirikta nAgarI pracAriNI patrikA, jainasAhitya-saMzodhaka, kuzala-nirdeza Adi patrikAoM meM bhI samaya-samaya para prakAzita kavi ke jIvana-vRtta sambandhI nibandhoM se bhI hameM katipaya jAnakAriyA~ mila jAtI haiN| / uparyukta tIna prakAra kI sAmagrI kA paryavekSaNa karane para hameM patA calatA hai ki samayasundara kA jIvana-vRtta sunizcita karane meM prathama prakAra kI sAmagrI hI sarvAdhika upAdeya pratIta hotI hai| vaise dUsare prakAra kI sAmagrI bhI eka sImA taka unake jIvana-vRtta para prakAza DAlatI hai| kavi ke mAtA-pitA, vaMza, pada-pradAna-saMvat, zikSaNa, pratibhA, 1. samayasundara kRti kusumAMjali, bhUmikA, pRSTha 5-8 2. vahI, pRSTha 9-32 3. vahI, pRSTha 1-100 4. sItArAma-caupAI, bhUmikA, pRSTha 31 se 60 5. nAgarI pracAriNI patrikA, varSa 57, aMka 1, saM. 2009 6. kavi samayasundara kRta naladavadantI-rAsa, bhUmikA, pRSTha 20 se 32 7. mahopAdhyAya samayasundara, pRSTha 1-100

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samayasundara kA jIvana-vRtta nidhana Adi kI sucanA isI sAmagrI se prApta hotI hai| tIsare prakAra kI sAmagrI vastutaH prathama aura dvitIya prakAra kI sAmagrI para hI AdhArita hai| ____ AgAmI pRSThoM meM hama pUrva meM nirdezita samasta sAmagrI kA upayoga karate hue upalabdha sAkSyoM ke AdhAra para kavivara mahopAdhyAya samayasundara ke jIvana-vRtta para prakAza DAlane kA prayAsa kreNge| 3. nAma , kavi samayasundara jaina muni the, unake gRhastha-jIvana ke sandarbha meM koI bhI prAmANika sUcanA prApta nahIM hotI hai| kavi kA gRhastha-jIvana kA nAma kyA thA, isakA ullekha na to kavi ne svayaM apanI kRtiyoM meM kiyA hai aura na kavi ko zraddhAMjali arpita karane vAle gItoM meM unake vidvAn ziSyoM ne hI kiyA hai| ata: pravrajyA ko aMgIkAra kara 'samayasundara' nAmakaraNa hone ke pahale inakA nAma kyA thA, isa sandarbha meM koI jAnakArI nahIM milatI hai| ve dIkSitAvasthA ke nAma 'samayasundara' se hI sAhitya-jagat meM vizruta haiN| isake atirikta inake anya kisI nAma kA ullekha prApta nahIM hotA hai| kavi ne sarvatra apane lie eka hI nAma 'samayasundara' kA prayoga kiyA hai| paravartI jaina-kaviyoM ne bhI inake 'samayasundara' nAma kA ullekha kiyA hai| yadyapi samayakAlIna kavi RSabhadAsa ne avazya hI inheM 'samayosuracanda' nAma se sambodhita kiyA hai| kavi ke nAma ke sAtha prayukta 'gaNi'3 vizeSaNa inakI medhAvI pratibhA, saMyamazIlatA aura saMgha meM inakI pratiSThA kA sUcaka hai| Apake nAma ke sAtha saMlagna 'vAcanAcArya kI upAdhi bhI Apake AgamikajJAna evaM vizad pANDitya kI paricAyaka hai| upAdhyAya tathA mahopAdhyAya ke padoM kA ullekha bhI kAlAntara meM Apake nAma ke sAtha prApta hotA hai| 1. tacchiSya mukhyadakSAH, vidvadvara smysundraahvyH| -vAdIndra harSanandana (uttarAdhyayana-TIkA, racanA-saM. 1711) 2. susAdhu haMsa samayosuracanda, zItala vacana jima zArada cnd| -kumArapAla-rAsa (racanA saM. 1670) 3. tacchiSya samayasundara gaNinA svAbhyAsa vRddhikRte| -bhAvazataka (99), racanA saM. 1641 4. guNavinaya samayasundaragaNikRtau vAcanAcAryA -karmacandra-vaMza-prabandha 5. samayasundara tasu sAnidhi karI re, isa pabhaNai uvajhAya re| -siMhalasuta-priyamelaka-rAsa (11.6) 6. zrIsamayasundara mahopAdhyAya-caraNasaroruhAbhyAM nmH| -harSanandana (uttarAdhyayanasUtra-TIkA, prArambha meM)

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mahopAdhyAya samayasundara : vyaktitva evaM kRtitva upalabdha sAkSyoM ke AdhAra para antata: yahI mAnanA hogA ki 'mahopAdhyAya samayasundara' ke nAma se hI jaina-sAhityAkAza meM ApakI prasiddhi rahI hai| Apake ziSya vAdIndra harSanandana ne bhI Apako uparyukta nAma se hI sambodhita kiyA hai| 4. janma-sthAna kavivara samayasundara ko vIrabhUmi rAjasthAna meM janma lene kA gaurava prApta hai| rAjasthAna na kevala vIraprasUtA hai, apitu usane aneka zUravIroM ke sAtha hI sAtha dAnavIroM, bhaktoM aura vidvAnoM ko bhI janma diyA hai| rANApratApa jaise zUravIra, bhAmAzAha aura jagaDUzAha jaise dAnavIra, mIrA jaisI bhakta kavayitrI ne isI pavitra bhUmi meM janma liyA hai| anekAneka jaina AcArya aura santa bhI isI bhUmi meM utpanna hue haiN| IsA-pUrva se lekara Aja taka yaha kSetra jaina dharma ke vikAsa aura prasAra kA pramukha kendra rahA hai| delavAr3A, rANakapura tathA jaisalamera ke jaina mandira isI pradeza meM sthita haiM, jo apanI kalApUrNa amara garimAoM ke lie vizvavikhyAta haiN| jaina sAhitya kI surakSA ke hetu jina jJAnabhaNDAroM kI sthApanA kI gaI thI, unameM se bhI adhikAMza Aja rAjasthAna meM hI kendrita haiN| jaisalamera kA jJAnabhaNDAra sarvAdhika lokapriya hai| aisI jaina saMskAroM se paripUrNa bhUmi meM hamAre vivecya kavi ko bhI janma lene kA punIta avasara prApta huA hai aura unhoMne apanI amUlya sAhityika sevAoM se apanI mAtRbhUmi kI isa garimA ko aura adhika gauravAnvita kiyA hai| rAjasthAna pradeza ke sAMcora nAmaka nagara meM kavi kA janma huA thaa| kavi svayaM isakI prAmANika puSTi karate hue kahate haiM - mujha janama zrI sAcora mAMhi, tihAM cyAra mAsi rahyA uchaahi| vAdI harSanandana ne bhI 'sAca sAcore sadguru janamiyAre'2 kahakara sAcora' sthala ko hI samayasundara kA janma-sthAna siddha kiyA hai| kavi devIdAsa ne bhI isI sthAna kI punarukti kI hai| AcArya hajArIprasAda dvivedI, zrI agaracanda nAhaTA Adi vidvAnoM ne bhI kavi kI 'sAcora/sAMcora' janmabhUmi hI svIkAra kI hai| __ kavi kI janmabhUmi sAMcora, bhagavAn mahAvIra ke tIrtha ke rUpa meM jainasAhitya meM prasiddha hai| isa nagara kA prAcya nAma 'satyapura' hai| kavi ne saMvat 1677 meM 'sAcoramaMDana-mahAvIra-stavana 5 nAmaka gIta kI racanA bhI kI hai| 1. sItArAma-caupAI (6.3.50) 2. naladavadaMtI-rAsa, pariziSTa I, pRSTha 137 3. janmabhUmi sAcore jehanI re -vahI, pRSTha 135 4. samayasundara kRti kusumAMjali, bhUmikA, pRSTha 7 5. vahI, pRSTha 229

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samayasundara kA jIvana-vRtta 5. janma-tithi arvAcIna sAhityakAroM kI yaha apekSA hai ki prAcIna kavijana apane jIvana-vRtta ke sandarbha meM apanI janmatithi kA aMkana bhI kara dete to bahuta acchA hotA, kyoMki bAda meM una kaviyoM kI janmatithi kA nirdhAraNa kara pAnA eka jaTila samasyA bana jAtI hai| samayasundara ne bhI apanI janmatithi kA koI ullekha nahIM kiyA hai| paravartI kaviyoM ne bhI kavi ke janma dinAMka kA nirdeza nahIM diyA hai| tadartha inake janma-saMvat ke viSaya meM vidvAnoM meM matabheda hai| - mohanalAla dalIcaMda desAI ke matAnusAra kavi kA janma-kAla sambhavataH saMvat 1620 hai| unakA abhimata hai ki kavi kA prathama grantha 'bhAvazataka' hai| 'bhAvazataka' grantha kI racanA saMvat 1641 meM huI hai - aisA grantha ke anta meM nirdiSTa hai| ataH isa grantha kI racanA ke samaya yadi hama unakI Ayu 21 varSa svIkAra kareM, to unakA janma saM. 1620 meM huA hogA, yaha kaha sakate haiN| zrI desAI ke mata ko mAnya karate hue zrI agaracaMda nAhaTA ne bhI kavi kA janma-samaya vikrama saMvat 1620 hI svIkRta kiyA hai| AcArya hajArIprasAda dvivedI ne bhI zrI nAhaTA ke kathana ko grahaNa karate hue kavi kA janmakAla saM. 1620 hI mAnya kiyA hai|3 mohanalAla bhagavAnadAsa jhaverI bhI isI tathya kA samarthana karate haiM; jabaki mahopAdhyAya vinayasAgara', DaoN. ramaNalAla cImanalAla zAha aura DaoN. satyanArAyaNa svAmI ne unakA janma kucha pUrva mAnA hai| vinayasAgara ke matAnusAra kavi kA janma saMvat 1620 meM na hokara saMvat 1610 meM huA hogaa| DaoN. zAha bhI yahI janmakAla mAnane ke pakSa meM haiN| lekhaka ko bhI yahI janma-samaya samIcIna jAna par3atA hai| isa bAta kI siddhi ke lie aneka tarka diye jA sakate haiM - (ka) samayasundara kA sabase pahalA grantha 'bhAvazataka' saM. 1641 meM racita hai| isa saMskRta-grantha meM unhoMne mammaTa ke 'kAvyaprakAza' kA adhyayana kara dhvani Adi sUkSma 1. Ananda-kAvya-mahodadhi, mauktika, 7, kavivara samayasundara 2. kavivara samayasundara, nAgarI pracAriNI patrikA (varSa 57, aMka 1, saM. 2009) 3. samayasundara kRti kusumAMjali, bhUmikA, pRSTha 7 4. gAthA-sahasrI, prastAvanA, pRSTha 1 5. samayasundara kRti kusumAMjali, mahopAdhyAya samasundara, pRSTha 4 6. samayasundara kRta naladavadaMtI-rAsa, bhUmikA, pRSTha 21 7. mahAkavi samayasundara aura unakI rAjasthAnI racanAe~, pRSTha 29 8. samayasundara kRti kusumAMjali, bhUmikA, pRSTha 3-4 9. samayasundara kRta naladavadaMtI-rAsa, bhUmikA, pRSTha 21-22

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mahopAdhyAya samayasundara : vyaktitva evaM kRtitva viSayoM kI 100 zlokoM meM carcA kI hai| mahopAdhyAya vinayasAgara kA kahanA hai ki 'kAvyaprakAza' jaise kliSTa grantha kA adhyayana kara dhvani jaise sUkSma viSayoM para lekhanI calAne ke lie praur3ha evaM talasparzI jJAna kI AvazyakatA hai, jo dIkSA ke pazcAt 5-6 varSa meM pUrNa nahIM ho sktaa| yaha jJAna kama se kama 10-12 varSa ke nirantara adhyayana ke phalasvarUpa hI ho sakatA hai|..... marudhara-prAnta jisameM sAMcora Divijana meM devagirA ke paThana-pAThana kA atyanta abhAva hone se inakA adhyayana dIkSA pazcAt hI huA ho, samIcIna mAlUma hotA hai|......... ata: dIkSA kA anumAnataH saMvat 1628-30 svIkAra karate haiM, to janma saMvat 1610 ke lagabhaga nizcita hotA hai| (kha) 'bhAvazataka' grantha meM kavivara apane ko 'gaNi samayasundara' ke rUpa meM ullekhita karate haiN| 'gaNi' upAdhi jainasamAja dvArA usI muni ko pradAna kI jAtI hai, jo AcAra aura vicAra- donoM meM sudRr3ha hai aura 5-6 varSa ke alpa dIkSA-paryAya meM gaNi' pada prApta ho jAya, asambhava hai| vaise bhI jaina-AgamoM meM yaha nirdiSTa hai ki dIkSA grahaNa karane ke ATha varSa pazcAt AcArAMga Adi AgamoM kA jJAna hone para hI 'gaNi' pada diyA jA sakatA hai| ataH kavi kI dIkSA 1628 se 1630 vikrama saMvat ke madhya huI hogI, aura cUMki unhoMne yauvanavaya meM dIkSA lii| ata: vikrama saMvat lagabhaga 1610 meM unakA janma huA hogA - yaha bAta upayukta lagatI hai| (ga) AcArya jinacandrasari ne vi.saM. 1628 meM sAMbhali zrI saMgha ko patra diyA thA, usameM samayasundara kA nAma nahIM hai| ho bhI nahIM sakatA, kyoMki isa patra meM ullikhita upAdhidhAraka pramukha sAdhuoM ke hI nAmoM kA ullekha hai| yaha sambhava hai ki usa samaya taka yA to inakI dIkSA hI nahIM huI hogI yA ye navadIkSita rahe hoNge| isalie inake nAma kA ullekha nahIM kiyA gayA hogaa| (gha) vAdI harSanandana ne apane 'samayasundara upAdhyAya gIta' meM kavi ko 'navayauvana bhara saMyama saMgrahyau' kahakara kavi ke dIkSA grahaNa karane kI saMbhAvita Ayu spaSTa kara dI hai| navayauvana bhara avasthA 18 se 20 varSa kI mAnI jAtI hai| ataH kavi ne isI taruNaavasthA meM saMyama dhAraNa kiyA thaa| dIkSA-samaya anumAnataH saMvat 1628-30 svIkAra karate haiM, to janma saMvat 1610 nirdhArita hotA hai| uparyukta prApta sarva tathyoM ke AdhAra para hama isa niSkarSa para pahu~cate haiM ki kavi samayasundara kA janma lagabhaga vikrama saMvat 1610 meM huA hogaa| 1. samayasundara kRti kusumAMjali, bhUmikA, pRSTha 3-4 2. dekhie -vyavahAra sUtra (3.7; 10.24-27) 3. samayasundara kRti kusumAMjali, bhUmikA -- mahopAdhyAya samayasundara, pRSTha 4

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samayasundara kA jIvana-vRtta 6. mAtA-pitA samayasundara ke mAtA-pitA kauna the, unakA ullekha zrI mohanalAla dalIcaMda desAI ne apane kavivara samayasundara' nAmaka zodhayukta lekha meM nahIM kiyA hai| upAdhyAya labdhimuni, mahopAdhyAya vinayasAgara Adi anya sAhityakAroM ne kavi ke mAtA-pitA ke nAmoM kA nirdeza diyA hai| kavi ne svayaM apane mAtA-pitA ke nAma kI koI sUcanA nahIM dI hai, kintu dIkSitAvasthA ke pazcAt apane mAtA-pitA ke prati hRdayahArI AsthA avazya vyakta kI hai| ve svayaM kahate haiM mAtA-pitA praNamuM sadA, janama diyo mujha jenn| vAMduM dIkSA-guru valI, dharama-ratana diyo tenn||2 mAtA-pitA piNa mana dhari, dIdhau jiNa avtaar| nAma leI nai guru namuM, dIkSA nyAna dAtAra // Apake mAtA kA nAma lIlAvatI thA, aura pitA kA nAma rUpasiMha (rUpasI) thaa| isakA ullekha paravartI kaviyoM meM vAdI harSanandana ne 'rUpasIjI rA nanda' aura devIdAsa ne 'mAtu lIlAde rUpasI janamiyA',5 upAdhyAya labdhimuni ne 'rUpasI janako mAtA lIlAdevyabhavadvarA'6 zabdoM dvArA kiyA hai| mAtA-pitA ke atirikta kavi ke parivAra ke sambandha meM koI saMketa prApta nahIM hote haiN| 7. jAti tathA gotra yadyapi kavivara ke gotra ke sandarbha meM koI spaSTa pramANa nahIM milatA hai tathApi unakI jAti ke sambandha meM kucha nirdeza avazya hI upalabdha hote haiN| mahAkavi samayasundara' kA janma poravAla vaMza meM huA thaa| jainiyoM meM zrImAla, osavAla aura poravAla-yahI tIna jAtiyA~ sarvAdhika prasiddha haiN| poravAloM kA udgama-sthAna bhI zrImAlanagara hI hai| 1. jaina sAhitya-saMzodhaka, patrikA, maI 1925, khaNDa 2, aMka 3 2. sItArAma-caupAI (6 1 se pUrva dUhA 1) 3. campakaveSThicaupAI (DhAla 1 se pUrva dUhA 3) 4. naladavadaMtI-rAsa, pariziSTa I, pRSTha 137, 5. vahI, pRSTha 136 6. yugapradhAna zrI jinacandrasUri-caritam-pRSTha 90 7. sItArAma-caupAI, bhUmikA, pRSTha 34 8. anekAnta, varSa 4, aMka 6, pRSTha 390

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10 mahopAdhyAya samayasundara : vyaktitva evaM kRtitva prabandhakoSa se jJAta hotA hai ki caNDapa isa vaMza ke prathama puruSa rahe haiM / prAcIna kaviyoM dvArA varNita 'prajJAprakarSa prAgvATe' vAkya isa vaMza kI buddhi-vaibhava kI vizeSatA ko prakaTa karatA hai / vimala prabandha meM poravAla - jAti kI sapta vizeSatAoM meM caturtha vizeSatA 'catuH prajJAprakarSavAna' nirdiSTa hai, jo 'poravAla jAti kA itihAsa' ke avalokana se satya siddha hotI hai / zrIpAla, vastupAla, tejapAla, vijayapAla, RSabhadAsa prabhRti isa jAti kI prajJAprakarSatA ke jAjvalya udAharaNa haiM / pUrva paramparA ko akSuNNa rakhane ke lie isa jAti ne hamAre vivecya kavi ko bhI janma diyA / kavi ko jisa ' dharmazrI' nAmaka sAdhvI ne satat satpreraNA pradAna kI thI, vaha bhI prAgvATavaMza - ratnA thI / isI kAraNa kavi ke suziSya vAdI harSanandana ne kavi ko 'dharmazrIAryikA - putra' kahA hai / isa tathya kI ora abhI taka vidvAnoM kA dhyAna AkarSita nahIM huA hai| yaha vicAraNIya hai ki AryA dharmazrI kA una para aisA kauna sA upakAra rahA, jisake kAraNa unheM 'dharmazrI AryikA - sUnu kahA gyaa| 12 samayasundara poravAla jAti ke the, isakA ullekha paravartI kavi devIdAsa ne bhI apane 'samayasundara - guru-gIta '3 meM kiyA hai| vAdI harSanandana ne bhI isa pramANa kI puSTi 'madhyAhna - vyAkhyAna-paddhati 4, 'RSimaMDalavRtti 5, zrIsamayasundaropAdhyAyanAM gItam 6, 'uttarAdhyayana-vRtti 7 Adi apanI kRtiyoM meM kI hai| 4 8. gRhastha jIvana kavi kA janma - sthAna, mAtA-pitA aura vaMza - kevala ye tIna hI ullekha kavi ke gRhastha jIvana ke sambandha meM prApta hote haiN| unakA prArambhika adhyayanakAla aura bAlyakAla kisa prakAra vyatIta huA, kina paristhitiyoM meM unakA pAlana huA, ina saba ke viSaya meM koI bhI nizcita pramANa nahIM milatA hai / ataH kavi ke gRhastha jIvana ke sandarbha meM kisI prakAra kI jAnakArI prastuta nahIM kI jA sakatI hai| jahA~ taka unake praur3ha adhyayana kA prazna hai, vaha gRhasthAzrama meM na hokara dIkSA ke pazcAt hI huA hogA, , kyoMki 1. mantrimaMDalamArtaNDazcaNDapaH prathamaH pumAn / kule tismannudeti sma, tamasAmavasAna kRt // -kIrti kaumudI, vastupAlavaMzavarNanam, tRtIya sarga, pRSTha 13 2. prAgvATa - vaMza - ratnA dharmazrI majjikAsUnuH / - RSimaMDalavRtti 3. vaMza poravAr3a vikhyAto jI-- naladavadaMtI - rAsa, pariziSTa I, pRSTha 136 4. prajJAprakarSa prAgvATe iti satyaM vyadhAyi ya:- madhyAhna vyAkhyAna-paddhati 5. prAgvATa - vaMza - ratnA dharmazrI majjikAsUnuH / RSimaMDalavRtti 6. paragar3a vaMza poravAr3a / naladavadaMtI - rAsa, pariziSTa I 7. prAgvATa zuddhavaMzA SaDabhASAgItikAvyakartAraH / uttarAdhyayanavRtti

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samayasundara kA jIvana-vRtta 11 usa yuga meM marudhara - prAnta ke sAMcora kSetra meM praur3ha adhyayana ke sAdhana upalabdha honA atyanta durlabha the| harSanandana ne RSimaMDalavRtti meM kavi ko 'prAgvATa vaMza - ratnA-dharma zrI majjikAsU : ' kahA hai| isase pratIta hotA hai ki kavi ko isa sAdhvI ne gRhastha - jIvana meM saMyama-patha aMgIkAra karane ke lie preraNA dI hogI / ataH kavi ne dIkSitAvasthA se pUrva avazya hI prArambhika dhArmika prazikSaNa pAyA hogA / samayasundara ko gRhastha-avasthA meM apane guru sakalacandragaNi kA bhI sat saMyoga milA hogA, kyoMki AcArya zrI jinacandrasUri ne svahasta' se kavi ko dIkSA pradAna kara apane ziSya - ratna sakalacandragaNi kA ziSya ghoSita kiyA thA, jabaki ziSya honA cAhie thA dIkSAdAtA kA / guru ke jIvita rahate hue ziSya kA ziSya honA tabhI sambhava hai jaba donoM meM atyadhika AtmIya prema ho / kavi ne yaha svIkAra kiyA hai ki munivarya sakalacandra kI mujha para mahatI kRpA rahI hai aura maiM unhIM kI anukampA se Aja asIma Ananda pA rahA huuN| vaise kavi ko praguru se bhI sneha thA / isI kAraNa unhoMne apanI racanAoM meM praguru kA bhI sthAna-sthAna para zraddhApUrvaka smaraNa kiyA hai| 3 upAdhyAya labdhimuni kA abhimata hai ki samayasundara ne saMsAra ko asAra samajhakara aura vairAgyapUrvaka laghu-vaya meM caritra aMgIkAra kiyA thA / vAdI harSanandana ne apane gurugIta meM kahA hai ki unhoMne yauvana-avasthA meM saMyama grahaNa kiyaa| harSanandana kavi ke hI prathama ziSya the / ataH unakA ullekha labdhimuni ke ullekha kI apekSA adhika prAmANika lagatA hai / isakA tAtparya yaha hai ki ve kavi kama se kama solaha-sataraha varSa taka gRhasthajIvana meM rahe / yadyapi usa yuga meM bAlavaya meM vivAha ho jAyA karate the, kintu kavi ke sandarbha meM aisI koI bhI jAnakArI nahIM milatI hai, jisake AdhAra para unake vivAha hone yA na hone ke sambandha meM adhikArapUrvaka kucha kahA jA ske| 1. jinacandrasUri saMI hathe dIkhiyA sakalacandra guru zIzo jI / - - devIdAsa kRta samayasundara gIta, naladavadaMtI - rAsa, pariziSTa I, pRSTha 136 2. sakalacandra munivaru re supasAya re, samayasundara ANaMda karU re / - kalaza-gItam, samayasundara kRti kusumAMjali, pRSTha 14 3. jiNacaMda paya araviMda sundara, sAra sevA mahuyaro / - zrI mahAvIradeva - SaTkalyANakagarbhita - stavanam, sa. kR. ku. pRSTha 215 4. saMsArAsAratAM jJAtvA, vairAgyaraMgavAsitaH / laghu vayasi cAritraM, sUri pArvAllalau sakaH // - yugapradhAna zrIjinacandrasUri - caritam, pRSTha 90

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mahopAdhyAya samayasundara : vyaktitva evaM kRtitva 9. dIkSA jaina paramparA meM dIkSA kA artha hai - samabhAva kI saadhnaa| samabhAva kI sAdhanA yA vItarAgatA kI upAsanA hI jaina dharma kA kendrIya-tattva hai| isI ke mAdhyama se manuSya vItarAgatA ke Adarza ko prApta karatA hai| dIkSita vyakti cittavikSobhoM ko samApta kara nirvikalpa dazA ke liye sadaiva prayatnazIla rahatA hai| zrI jinendra varNI likhate haiM ki vairAgya kI uttama bhUmikA ko prApta hokara mumukSa vyakti apane parijanoM se kSamA mA~gakara, guru kI zaraNa meM jA, sampUrNa parigraha kA tyAga kara detA hai aura jJAtA-draSTA bhAva meM sthita rahatA huA samabhAvaaka jIvana jIne kI pratijJA karatA hai| jaba manuSya pravrajyA aMgIkAra karatA hai, taba vaha yaha pratijJA grahaNa karatA hai ki maiM sAmAyika (samabhAva) grahaNa karatA hU~ aura pApakArI pravRttiyoM kA parityAga karatA huuN| jIvanaparyanta mana, vacana aura zarIra se sAvadya-yoga (hiMsaka pravRttiyoM) ko na svayaM karU~gA aura na dUsare se kraauuNgaa| he svAmin ! pUrvakRt pApa se maiM nivRtta hotA hU~, apane hRdaya meM use burA samajhatA hU~ aura unakI AlocanA karatA hU~ tathA maiM apanI AtmA ko pApa-kriyA se pRthak karatA huuN|2|| vastutaH sAdhaka ko antaH aura bAhya sabhI bandhanarUpa gAMThoM se mukta hokara jIvanayAtrA pUrI karanI caahie| jo gatizIla aura sthita (vasa evaM sthAvara)- sabhI prANiyoM ke prati samabhAva se yukta hai, vahI jinazAsana meM sAmAyika se yukta kahA gayA hai| aura sAdhaka samatA se hI zramaNa kahalAtA hai| zatru-mitra meM, prazaMsA-nindA meM, lAbha-alAbha meM, tRNa aura svarNa meM jaba samabhAva rahatA hai, tabhI use pravrajyA yA dIkSA kahA jAtA hai| dIkSA yathArthataH AtmasaMskAra kA hI nAmAntara hai| mAnavIya cetanA, bhAva, jJAna aura saMkalpa ko samyaka dizA meM niyojita karane kA jo prayAsa hai, vahI dIkSA hai| dIkSA zabda dI+kSA se nirmita huA hai| isakI zAbdika vyutpatti ko spaSTa karate hue kisI saMskRta ke vidvAn ne kahA hai - 1. draSTavya - jainendra-siddhAnta-koza, tRtIya bhAga, pRSTha 150 2. karemi bhante ! sAmAiyaM, savvaM sAvajaM jogaM paccakkhAmi, jAvajIvAe tivihaM tiviheNaM maNeNaM, vAyAe, kAraNaM na karemi, na kAravemi, karaMtapi annaM na samaNujANAmi, tassa bhaMte ! paDikkamAmi niMdAmi garihAmi appANaM vosiraami|- Avazyaka-sUtra (1.1) 3. gaMthehiM vivittehiM, AukAlassa paare| - AcArAMga (1.8. 8. 11) 4. jo samo savvabhUesu, tasesu thAvaresu a| tassa sAmAiyaM hoi, iha kevlibhaasiyN|| - anuyogadvAra (150.2) 5. samayAe samaNo hoi| - uttarAdhyayana (25.32) 6. satta mitte ya samA pasaMsaNiMdA alddhilddhismaa| taNakaNae samabhAvA pavaejjA erisA bhnniyaa||- bodhapAhur3a (47)

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samayasundara kA jIvana-vRtta dIyatejJAnasadbhAvaH, kSIyate pshuvaasnaa| dAnakSapaNa saMyuktA dIkSA teneha kiirttitaa||1 arthAt jisake dvArA jJAna diyA jAtA hai aura pazuvAsanA kA kSaya hotA hai, aisI dAna aura kSapaNayukta kriyA ko dIkSA kahate haiN| kavi ko dIkSA pradAna karane vAle AcArya jinacandrasUri haiN| kavi ke vyaktitva kA vikAsa bhI inakI hI upasthiti meM aura inake hI prasAda se huA thaa| vAdI harSanandana ne apane guru-gIta meM yaha darzAyA hai ki jinacandrasUri ne kavi ko svahasta se dIkSA pradAna kI thii| kavi ne isI kAraNa apane stavanoM meM guru ke nAma ke sAtha praguru ke nAma kA bhI AsthApUrvaka ullekha kiyA hai aura guru kA nAma to unhoMne lagabhaga apanI samasta racanAoM meM ullikhita kiyA hai| yadyapi inake guru sakalacandragaNi inakI pravrajyA ke kucha hI varSoM pazcAt svargavAsI ho gaye the, parantu kavi dvArA prAyaH pratyeka racanA meM sakalacandragaNi kA nAma dekhakara aisA lagatA hai ki ziSya kA guru ke prati saghana AtmIya prema thaa| guru ke nAma ko vizva meM prasiddha karanA, unake upakAroM se uRNa hone kA sahaja patha hai| kavi ke guru sakalacandra hI haiM, isakI puSTi kavi ne aneka sthaloM para kI hai| pazcakAlIna kaviyoM ne bhI isI tathya ko prastuta kiyA hai| jabaki vartamAna meM AcArya padmasAgarasUrijI ne samayasundara kI vilakSaNa pratibhA kI carcA karate hue unheM AcArya hIravijayasUri kA ziSya mAnA hai| kintu yaha bAta kisI bhI pramANa se siddha nahIM hotI hai, kyoMki eka to 1. uddhRta - bhAratIya saMskRti aura sAdhanA, prathama bhAga, pRSTha 266 2. saI hathe zrI jincndr|- naladavadantI-rAsa, pariziSTa I, pRSTha 137 3. (ka) zrI kharataragaccha rAjIyA, zrI yugapradhAna jinacando re|| prathama ziSya zrI pUjyanA, gaNi sakalacanda sukhakando re|| samayasundara ziSya tehanA, zrI upAdhyAya kahIjai re| -naladavadaMtI - rAsa (7.24-25) (kha) candrakule zrI kharataragacche jincndrsuurinaamaanH| jAtAyugapradhAnAstacchiSyaH sklcndrgnniH|| tacchiSya samayasundaragaNinA ckre................| -dazavaikAlika-vRtti, prazasti 2-3 4. (ka) jinacandrasUri saiM hathe dIkhiyA, sakalacandra guru zIzo jii| samayasundara guru cira pratapai sadA, dyai devIdAsa AsIso jii|| - devIdAsa kRta samayasundaragIta, naladavadantI-rAsa, pariziSTa I, pRSTha 136 (kha) vAlho lAge caturvidha saMghane, sakalacaMda gaNi shiish| - harSanandana kRta samayasundaragIta. vahI, pRSTha 138 5. draSTavya -(ka) mokSa mArga meM bIsa kadama (kha) pravacana-parAga, pRSTha 129

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14 mahopAdhyAya samayasundara : vyaktitva evaM kRtitva hIravijayasUri kA samayasundara nAmaka koI ziSya thA, aisA koI bhI ullekha nahIM milatA hai| dUsare kavi ne svayaM apanI racanAoM meM aneka sthaloM para apane ko kharataragacchIya jinacandrasUri kA praziSya evaM gaNi sakalacandra kA ziSya batAyA hai| ataH sampradAya yA gaccha ke vyAmohavaza anya kisI prakAra kI kalpanA karanA samIcIna nahIM hogaa| kavi samayasundara ne 'juga-pradhAna bhaye bar3abhAgI' stavana meM tapAgacda ke AcArya hIravijayasUri ko mahAprabhAvaka AcArya batAkara unakI prazaMsA kI hai, kintu isase unameM guru-ziSya kA sambandha siddha nahIM hotA hai| yaha to sampradAyAtItatA tathA guNagrAhakatA kA hI paricAyaka hai| mAtra yahI nahIM, unhoMne puJjA-RSi kA, jo unase choTe bhI the, guNAnuvAda kara una para bhI svatantra racanA likhI hai| kisI kA guNAnuvAda karanA aura usakA ziSya bananA - yaha do alaga bAteM haiN| ata: mAtra guNAnuvAda ke AdhAra para yaha niSkarSa nahIM nikAlA jA sakatA ki ve hIravijayasUri ke ziSya the| samayasundara ne apanI antima racanAoM meM bhI apane ko sakalacandragaNi kA hI ziSya batAyA hai| ataH yaha sambhAvanA pUrNatayA nirasta ho jAtI hai ki ve hIravijayasUri ke ziSya the| jahA~ taka kavi kI dIkSA grahaNa karane kI tithi kA prazna hai, vAdI harSanandana ne kavi ke taruNavaya meM pravrajyA grahaNa karane kA ullekha kiyA hai| abhI taka ke anusaMdhAna se yaha saMketa prApta nahIM ho pAyA hai ki kavi ne kisa tithi ko pravrajyA dhAraNa kI thii| 'janmatithi' sambandhI vivecana meM hamane dekhA hai ki kavi ne sambhavataH saMvat 1628 se 30 ke madhya dIkSA lI hogii| kavi kA 'samayasandara' nAma dIkSita-dazA kA honA caahiye| yaha nAma unheM dIkSA ke samaya hI milA hogA, kyoMki jainadharma meM pravrajyA grahaNa karane ke uparAnta sAdhU-sAdhviyoM ke sAMsArika nAma, gotra, vaMza-paramparA Adi parivartita ho jAte haiN| sAMsArika vRttiyoM se nivRtta ho jAne ke kAraNa santa apane sAMsArika nAma, gotra, janmasthAna, janmatithi Adi kA nirdeza dene ke prati upekSita hI rahate haiN| isalie ve vaMza-paramparA Adi kI sUcanA na dekara guru-paramparAdi kI sUcanA dete haiN| 10. guru-paramparA 'guru' zabda kA artha mahAn hotA hai| loka meM adhyApakoM ko guru kahate haiN| mAtApitA bhI guru kahalAte haiN| upakArIjanoM ko bhI kadAcit guru mAnA jAtA hai, kintu jaina paramparA meM AcArya, upAdhyAya evaM sAdhu guru kahalAte haiM, kyoMki ve apanI Adarza jIvanacaryA ke dvArA evaM apane upadeza ke dvArA jana-jana ko kalyANa kA saccA mArga digdarzita karate haiM, jisa para calakara vyakti sadA ke lie kRtakRtya ho jAtA hai| dIkSA-guru, zikSAguru, paramaguru Adi ke bheda se guru kaI prakAra ke hote haiN| arhanta bhagavAn paramaguru haiN| dIkSA-grahaNa karate samaya guru kI pradhAnatA hotI hai, kyoMki vahI dIkSA pradAna karatA hai| dIkSA-guru jJAnI tathA samatvayogI honA caahie| jo nirvikalpa sAmAyika cAritra kA

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samayasundara kA jIvana-vRtta pratipAdana karake ziSya ko pravrajyA dete haiM, ve AcArya dIkSAguru haiM / ___ sAdhanA ke kSetra meM patha-pradarzana nitAnta Avazyaka hai| jaina-vicAraNA ke anusAra guru hI sAdhanA ke kSetra meM dizA-nirdezaka kA kArya karatA hai| guru kauna ho sakatA hai - isake lie kahA gayA hai ki jo pAMca indriyoM kA saMyama karane vAlA; navavAr3oM se brahmacarya ke rakSaNa meM sadaiva jAgrata; krodha, mAna, mAyA aura lobha - ina cAra kaSAyoM se mukta; ahiMsA, satya, asteya, brahmacarya aura aparigraha - ina pAMca mahAvratoM se yukta; pA~ca prakAra ke AcAra kA pAlana karane vAlA; gamana, bhASaNa, yAcanA, nikSepaNa aura visarjana - ina pA~ca samitiyoM kA vivekapUrNa DhaMga se sampAdita karane vAlA tathA mana, vacana aura kAyA se jo saMyata hotA hai, vahI guru hai|2|| kavivara ko AcArya jinacandrasUri ne dIkSA-mantra pradAna kiyA thA aura unheM gaNi sakalacandra kA ziSya ghoSita kiyA thaa| isa prakAra kavi ke dIkSA-guru jinacandra-sUri aura garu gaNi sakalacandra haiN| kavi kI dIkSA ke kucha samaya pazcAt hI gaNisakalacandra kA svargavAsa ho gyaa| ataH kavi kA vidyA-adhyayana jinacandrasUri ke ziSya mahimarAja aura samayarAja ke sAnnidhya meM huaa| svayaM kavi ne apanI bhAva-zataka, aSTalakSI Adi kRtiyoM meM inheM zikSA-guru ke rUpa meM svIkAra kiyA hai| kavi ne svayaM apanI aSTalakSI evaM kharataragaccha-paTTAvalI nAmaka kRtiyoM meM apanI guru-vaMza-paramparA kA bhI vistArapUrvaka ullekha kiyA hai| kavi ne apanI guruvaMza-paramparA kA mUla paramaguru bhagavAn mahAvIra aura gaNadhara gautama ko batAyA hai| unhIM kI paramparA meM hue haribhadrasUri kA AdarapUrvaka ullekha kiyA hai aura isa prakAra yaha spaSTa karane kA prayAsa kiyA hai ki ve jainadharma kI zvetAmbaraparamparA se sambandhita haiN| isI vaMza-paramparA ko Age bar3hAte hue unhoMne nemicandrasUri, udyotanasUri kA bhI sAdara smaraNa kiyA hai| ye udyotanasUri hI kavi kI kharataragaccha-zAkhA ke prathamapuruSa jinezvarasUri ke praguru the| jinezvarasUri se lekara Age ke sabhI kharataragacchaparamparA ke AcAryoM kA saMkSipta vivaraNa nimnalikhita hai - 10.1 varddhamAnasUri - ApakA samaya vi. saM. 1020 se 1088 taka mAnA jAtA hai| ApakA nAmollekhapUrvaka sarvAdhika prAcIna pratimA-abhilekha kaTigrAma meM saMvat 1049 kA pAyA jAtA hai| Apane saMcetI, lor3hA, pIpAr3A Adi gotroM kI sthApanA kii| pATaNa kA nareza 1. dravya - jainendra-siddhAnta-koza, bhAga-2 2. jaina, bauddha aura gItA ke AcAra-darzanoM ko tulanAtmaka adhyayana, bhAga 2, pRSTha 267 3. kharataragaccha-paTTAvalI, patra 1-2 (sva. pUraNacandra nAhara-saMgrahAlaya, kolakAtA meM upalabdha prati ke AdhAra para patra-saMkhyA hai|)

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16 mahopAdhyAya samayasundara : vyaktitva evaM kRtitva durlabharAja ApakA paramabhakta thA / jinezvarasUri Apake prabhAvaka ziSya the / 10. 2 jinezvarasUri - kAlakrama ke prabhAva se jaina- yativarga apane AcAra meM zithila ho gayA thaa| Apane zithilAcArI caityavAsI yatiyoM ke viruddha eka prabala Andolana kiyA / saMvat 1074 ke lagabhaga Apane aNahilapura pATaNa meM durlabharAja kI rAjyasabhA meM caityavAsiyoM ko zAstrArtha meM parAjita kara 'kharatara ' viruda prApta kiyaa| isakA caityavAsa para gaharA prabhAva pdd'aa| jaina samAja meM nUtana yuga kA sUtrapAta huA / ApakI zramaNa paramparA kharataragaccha ke nAma se prasiddha huI / Apake prakhara pANDitya, utkRSTa cAritra, gambhIra vyaktitva aura prabuddha kRtitva ke phalasvarUpa hI hamAre kavi ne inheM 'jagat vizruta' batAyA hai| Apake praNIta aSTaka - prakaraNavRtti, SaTsthAna- prakaraNa, kathAkoza- prakaraNa Adi grantha ApakI asAdhAraNa sAhityika pratibhA ke paricAyaka haiN| Apake gurubhrAtA buddhisAgarasUri ne 'buddhisAgara - saMskRta - vyAkaraNa' kI racanA kI, jo zvetAmbara jaina paramparA ke AcAryoM dvArA racita vyAkaraNoM meM prathama hai / 2 10. 3 jinacandrasUri - Apa zramaNadharma kI viziSTa sAdhanA karate hue yugapradhAna - pada para AsIna hue| ApakA vyaktitva prabhAvazAlI thA / ApakI kRtiyoM meM 18000 zlokapramANa meM viracita 'saMvegaraMgazAlA' (racanA-kAla saM. 1925) viziSTa kRti hai / ApakI paMcaparameSThI - namaskAra - phalakulaka, kSapaka-zikSA-prakaraNa, jIva-vibhakti ArAdhanA, pArzvastotra Adi racanAe~ bhI prApta haiM / Apake ziSya dvArA nirmita 'dinacaryA' nAmaka grantha bhI khyAti prApta hai / 3 10.4 abhayadevasUri - Apa AtmajJa aura AgamajJa the / ApakA janma vi. saM. 1072, AcArya - pada saM. 1088 aura dehAvasAna saMvat 1135 yA 36 ke AsapAsa huaa| Apane 1. (ka) yaka : zodhayAmAsa vai sUrimantraM, girIndrArbudasyAdbhutezRMgabhAge / vidhAyASTamaM sannamannAganAthastato, vardhamAnAbhidhaH sUrirAsIt // - aSTalakSArthI, prazasti 7 (kha) kharataragaccha - paTTAvalI, patra 2 2. (ka) zrImadurlabharAjarAjasadasi ' zrIpattane' pattane / vAdaM zvetapaTaiH prabhUtakapaTaiH sAkaM sadA lampaTaiH // kRtvA yaH prakaTIcakAra vasatermArga-manohAriNaM / sUribhUrijayo jinezvaragururjAto jgdvishrutH|| - aSTalakSArthI, prazasti 8 (kha) kharataragaccha - paTTAvalI, patra 2 3. (ka) saMvegaraMgazAlA yena kRtA jagati lokahitahetuH / jAta: zrI jinacandraH sUristatpaTTa samacandraH // (kha) kharataragaccha - paTTAvalI, patra 2 aSTalakSArthI, prazasti 9

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samayasundara kA jIvana-vRtta 17 khetasI, pagAriyA aura mer3atavAla gotroM kI sthApanA kI evaM vizada sAhitya kA nirmANa kiyaa| Apake ullekhya vyaktitva evaM kRtitva ke sandarbha meM muni zrI jinavijayare kA abhimata hai ki jinezvarasUri ke anukrama meM zAyada tIsare, parantu khyAti aura mahattA kI dRSTi se sarvaprathama aise mahAn ziSya zrI abhayadevasUri the, jinhoMne jaina granthoM meM sarvapradhAna jo ekadazAMga sUtra haiM, unameM se nava aMga (3 se 11) sUtroM para suvizad saMskRta TIkAe~ bnaaiiN| abhayadeva apanI ina vyAkhyAoM ke kAraNa jaina sAhitya-AkAza meM nakSatra ke samAna sadA prakAzita rheNge| zvetAmbara-sampradAya ke sabhI vidvAnoM ne abhayadevasUri ko bar3I zraddhA aura satyaniSThA ke sAtha pramANabhUta evaM tathyavAdI AcArya ke rUpa meM svIkAra kiyA hai aura inake kathanoM ko pUrNatayA Apta-vAkya kI koTi meM samajhA hai| 10.5 jinavallabhasUri-Apako vikrama saMvat 1167 meM AcArya kI upAdhi se alaMkRta kiyA gayA aura padotsava ke cAra mAha pazcAt hI ApakA nidhana ho gyaa| ApakI piNDavizuddhi-prakaraNa, karmagrantha prabhRti prAkRta, saMskRta Adi bhASAoM meM nibaddha pacAsoM racanAe~ prApta haiN| pazcavartI vidvAnoM ne inheM mahAkavi kAlidAsa ke sadRza kavi batalAyA hai| Apane dasa hajAra nUtana jaina banAkara jinazAsana kI prabhAvanA kii| 10.6 jinadattasUri - ApakA janma gujarAta-prAntIya dholakA nAmaka nagara meM huMbar3a jAtIya vAchiga kI dharmapatnI bAhar3adevI kI kukSi se saMvat 1132 meM huA thaa| vi. saM. 1141 meM pravrajyA grahaNa kara somacandra nAma se abhiSikta hue| saM. 1169 meM yahI somacadra AcArya-pada para sthApita hokara jinadattasUri ke nAma se vikhyAta hue| saMvat 1121 meM ajamera meM ApakA svargavAsa huaa| __ Apane apane adbhuta buddhibala, tapobala evaM Atmabala ke dvArA eka lAkha, tIsa hajAra navIna jaina banAkara jinazAsana kA vipula vistAra kiyaa| ApakI gaNadhara sArdhazataka, dharmarasAyana, caityavandanakulaka Adi sAhityika kRtiyA~ saMskRta, prAkRta aura apabhraMza 1. (ka) aticaMganavAMgIvRttikAra ! kharataragaNanAyaka! suguNadhA (dhI?) ra! yazasA yutaM ! jaya ciramabhayadevasUrIzvara! surakRtacaraNaseva! - aSTalakSArthI, prazasti 10 (kha) kharataragaccha-paTTAvalI, patra 2 2. kathAkoza-prakaraNa, prastAvanA, pRSTha 12 3. (ka) kRtvA'samIpe'bhayadevasUreryenopasampadgrahaNaM prmodaat| pape rahasyAmRtamAgamAnAM, sUristata: zrI jinvllbho'bhuut| - aSTalakSArthI, prazasti 11 (kha) kharataragaccha-paTTAvalI, patra 2

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18 mahopAdhyAya samayasundara : vyaktitva evaM kRtitva bhASA meM milatI haiM / kavi samayasundara ne Apa para svatantra racanAe~ bhI racI haiM / 2 10.7 jinacandrasUri - Apa mahAn pratibhAzAlI evaM vidvAn AcArya the / ApakA janma vi0 saM0 1197 meM jaisalamera ke nikaTa vikramapura nagara meM huA thaa| inake pitA zAha rAsala tathA mAtA delhaNadevI thii| saMvat 1203 meM Apane bhagavatI jaina dIkSA lii| ApakI asAdhAraNa meghA, prabhAvazAlI mudrA evaM AkarSaka vyaktitva ke phalasvarUpa saM0 1205 meM hI Apako AcArya pada pradAna kara diyA gyaa| aisA kahA jAtA hai ki Apake guru jinadattasUri ko Apake mahAn vyaktitva kA jJAna Apake mAtA ke garbha meM avatIrNa hone ke pUrva hI ho gayA thaa| isI kAraNa inheM laghuvaya meM AcArya - pada para adhiSThita kiyA hogA / kAraNa, itanI alpa - Ayu meM kisI ko AcArya pada diyA gayA ho, aise ullekha virale hI haiN| Agamika maryAdA bhI dIkSA ke pA~ca yA ATha varSa pazcAt AcArAMga Adi aMga-sUtra evaM cheda- sUtroM kA jJAna hone para hI AcArya - pada dene kI hai| aisA batAyA jAtA hai ki Apake mastaka meM maNi thI, jinake kAraNa hI 'maNidhArI' ke nAma se ApakI prasiddhi huI / saM0 1223 meM Apa svarga sidhAra ge| 3 10.8 jinapatisUri - ApakA janma vi0 saM0 1210 vikramapura meM mAlU gotrIya yazovarddhana kI patnI sUhavadevI kI ratnakukSi se huA thA / saM0 1217 meM dIkSA grahaNa kI aura saM0 1223 meM AcArya padAbhUSaNa se alaMkRta hue| aisA kahA jAtA hai ki Apane 36 zAstrArtha meM vijaya prApta kii| isI kAraNa inheM ' SaTtriMzat vijetA' kahA jAtA hai| samrATa pRthvIrAja cauhAna ApakI pratibhA evaM sarvazAstroM meM asAdhAraNa pANDitya dekhakara bahuta prabhAvita huA, aura vaha Apako apanA sadguru mAnatA thA / upAdhyAya jinapAla Apake bahuzruta vidvAn ziSya the, jinhoMne 'kharataragaccha vRhad gurvAvalI' Adi kI racanA kii| isa grantha meM Apake vyaktitva kI viziSTa pratibhA kA bhI aGkana hai| ApakI racanAoM meM 'saMghapaTTaka 1. (ka) jigyire yena yoginyazcatuHSaSTiryatIndunA / sUri : zrI jinadatto'bhUt, tatpadAmbujabhAskaraH // (kha) kharataragaccha - paTTAvalI, patra 3 -- - samayasundara kRti kusumAMjali, dAdA jinadattasUrigItam, pRSTha 349 3. (ka) tatastanubhRtAM priyaH samajaniSTa ziSTakriyaH / 2. draSTavya (kha) - aSTalakSArthI, prazasti 12 praNaSTatimirotkara: sujinacandrasUrIzvaraH // kavitvasubhamAliko na ramaNI manojJAliko / namannikhilanAyakaH prabalasaukhya sandAyakaH // kharataragaccha - paTTAvalI, patra 4 - aSTalakSArthI, prazasti 13

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samayasundara kA jIvana-vRtta vRhad vRtti', 'paMcaliMgI-prakaraNa-TIkA', 'prabodhodaya-vAdasthala', kharataragaccha samAcArI', 'tIrthamAlA' Adi ke atirikta katipaya stuti-stotrAdi bhI pAye jAte haiN| 10.9 jinezvarasUri-Apa zrI nemicanda bhaMDArI ke putra the| ApakA dIkSA nAma vIraprabha rakhA gyaa| vi0 saM0 1277 meM jAlaura meM Apako AcArya-upAdhi dI gii| tatpazcAt jinezvarasUri (dvitIya) ke nAma se Apane khyAti prApta kii| saMvat 1331 meM ApakA anazana-pUrvaka samAdhi nidhana huaa|2|| 10.10 jinaprabodhasUri- Apa zAha zrIcanda kI bhAryA siriyAdevI ke putra the| saMvat 1285 meM Apane janma grahaNa kiyaa| ApakA janma-nAma parvata thaa| saM0 1296 meM Apa zramaNadharma meM dIkSita hue| ApakA navIna nAmakaraNa prabodhamUrti huaa| saM0 1331 meM Apako AcArya kI upAdhi pradAna kI gii| tatpazcAt ve jinaprabodhasUri ke nAma se abhihita hue| zrI paMjikA-prabodha, vRtta-prabodha, bauddhAdhikAra-vivaraNa Adi ApakI kRtiyA~ haiM, kintu Aja ve aprApya haiN| 10.11 jinacandrasUri- Apa janma vi0 saM0 1326 meM samiyANA (sivANA) nagara meM huA thaa| Apake pitA kA nAma mantrI devarAja chAjahar3a tathA mAtA kA nAma kamalAdevI thaa| ApakA mUla janma-nAma khaMbharAya thaa| Ane vi0 saM0 1332 meM jAlora nagara meM pravrajyA-vrata aGgIkAra kiyA aura vi0 saM0 1341 meM jAlora meM hI Apa AcArya-pada se suzobhita hue| Apane cAra rAjAoM ko pratibodha diyA, aneka zAstrArthoM meM vijaya prApta kI evaM 'kalikAla-kevalI' viruda se khyAti arjita kii| isa taraha jinazAsana kI unnati karate hue Apane vi0 saM0 1376 meM kAladharma ko prApta kiyaa| 10.12 jinakuzalasUri-ApakA janma mAravAr3a ke bAr3amera janapada ke sivAnA tahasIla meM vi0 saM0 1337 meM huaa| Apake pitA jesalajI chAjer3a the aura mAtA jayatazrI thiiN| vi0 saM0 1347 meM Apane jinacandrasUri ke pAsa pravrajyA grahaNa kI, jo saMsAra-pakSa meM Apake cAcA the| ApakA dIkSA-nAma kuzalakIrti rakhA gyaa| saM0 1377 meM Apako AcArya-pada pradAna kiyA gyaa| bAda meM yahI kuzalakIrti, jinakuzalasUri ke nAma se vikhyAta hue| Apane pacAsa hajAra naye jaina banAkara apanI guru-paramparA ke mizana ko akSuNa rkhaa| jinadattasUri kRta 'caityavandana- kulaka' nAma 27 gAthA kI laghu racanA para cAra hajAra zloka parimita TIkA racakara Apane apanI apratima pratibhA kA paricaya diyaa| vidyA-vinoda, kavitA-vinoda, bhASA-vinoda Adi granthoM ke atirikta Apa dvArA racita 1. kharataragaccha-paTTAvalI, patra 4 2. kharataragaccha-paTTAvalI, patra 4 3. kharataragaccha-paTTAvalI, patra 4 4. kharataragaccha-paTTAvalI, patra 4-5

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20 mahopAdhyAya samayasundara : vyaktitva evaM kRtitva saMskRta meM nau grantha aura upalabdha hote haiM / Apake ziSya vinayaprabha upAdhyAya ne 'zrI gautama svAmI no rAsa' racanA meM bhASA-sAhitya ke antargata sarvaprathama prakRti kA atyanta manohara citraNa kiyA hai| saM0 1389 derAvara (sindha) meM Apane deha visarjana kiyaa| Apa hamAre vivecya kavi ke iSTa the / kavi ne Apa para aneka gIta likhe haiM / inameM gyAraha gIta prakAzita rUpa meM upalabdha haiN| 10.13 jinapadmasUri - ApakA janma saM0 1382 meM huA thaa| Apa lakSmIdhara ke putra the aura nIkIkA ke nandana the| ApakI mAtA ne bhI saMyama aMgIkAra kiyA thaa| Apako 'kurcAlasarasvati' kA viruda prApta thA / vi0 saM0 1390 meM Apako AcArya - pada prApta huA / saM0 1400 meM kapaTapUrvaka ApakI hatyA kara dI gii| ApakA grantha zrI sthalibhadra phAga (sirithulibhadda phAgu) prAcIna hone ke kAraNa varttamAna kAvyasaMgrahoM meM gauravapUrNa sthAna ko prApta hai / 3 10.14 jinalabdhisUri - ApakA janma vikrama saMvat 1378 meM mAlU gotra meM huA thaa| saM0 1388 meM pATaNa meM Apane pravrajyA grahaNa kI thI / saMvat 1400 meM ApakA AcAryapadAbhiSeka sampanna huA thA aura svargagamana saM0 1406 meM huA thA / 10.15 jinacandrasUri - marudeza ke kusumANa grAma meM maMtrI kelhA chAjahar3a nivAsa karate the / unakI patnI sarasvatI se saM0 1385 meM ApakA janma huA thaa| ApakA janma - nAma pAtAla kumAra thA / Apane saM0 1390 meM bhagavatI jaina dIkSA grahaNa kI thii| (yadyapi 5 varSa kI alpAyu meM dIkSA pradAna karane kA nirdeza AgamoM meM anupalabdha hai / AgamAnusAra kama I 1. ( ka ) yasyAdezAt 'kharatara' vasatyAtkhyacaityaM pracakre / tejaH pAlo vipulavibhavo'pi svayaM tatra caitye // yaH pratiSThit tribhuvanaguro : zAntinAthasya biMbaM / so'bhUcchrImajjinakuzalarAT sUrirAjIturASAT // (kha) kharataragaccha - paTTAvalI, patra 5 - 2. draSTavya - samayasundara kRti kusumAMjali, pRSTha 349 - 356 3. (ka) namnAnekavivekaseka-vilasatkSamApAlajambAlaja (kha) kharataragaccha - paTTAvalI, patra 5 4. (ka) (kha) pratyagrapatibodhabandhuraravi: pratyarthibhUbhRtpaviH / ya: 'kurcAlasarasvatI' ti sutarAM khyAtiM kSitau prAptavAn, sa zrImajjinapadmasUrigururjAstatastArakaH // taccArucaraNanIraja- caMcurataracaMcarIkakaraNirabhUt / sa zrImajjinalabdhi: sUri : saubhAgya guNa labdhiH // kharataragaccha - paTTAvalI, patra 5 - aSTalakSArthI, prazasti, 15 - aSTalakSArthI, prazasti, 16 - aSTalakSArthI, prazasti, 17

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samayasundara kA jIvana-vRtta 21 se kama ATha varSa kI Ayu meM hI saMyama grahaNa kiyA jA sakatA hai 1 ) dIkSA ke bAda yahI pAtAlakumAra, yazobhadra ke nAma se vikhyAta hue / vi0 saM0 1406 meM AcArya kI padavI prApta hone para inheM jinacandrasUri ke nAma se abhiSikta kiyA gyaa| saMvat 1414 meM Apa kAladharma ko prApta hue| 10.16 jinodayasUri - ApakA janma vikrama saMvat 1375 meM pAlhaNapura nivAsI mAlhU gotrIya sAha rudrapAla kI dharmapatnI dhAraladevI kI ratnakukSi se huA thaa| ApakA janmanAma samara thA / vi0 saM0 1389 meM Apane aura ApakI bahina kIlhU, donoM ne sAtha-sAtha dIkSA vrata svIkAra kiyA / jinakuzalasUri ne dIkSA dekara ApakA somaprabha nAma rakhA / saMvat 1415 meM khaMbhAta meM Apa kharataragaccha ke AcArya bane aura saMvat 1432 meM ApakA svargavAsa huaa| ApakI racanAoM meM vi0 saM0 1415 meM nirmita 'trivikrama - rAsa ' upalabdha hai / 3 Aja 10.17 jinarAjasUri - vikrama saMvat 1433 meM aNahilapura meM inheM AcArya pada pradAna kara jinodayasUri kA paTTadhara ghoSita kiyA gyaa| Apa savA lAkha zloka ke pramANa ke nyAyagranthoM ke adhyetA the / saMvat 1461 meM delavAr3A meM ApakA dehAvasAna huaa| 10.18 jinabhadrasUri - ApakA janma saMvat 1449, dIkSA saM0 1461, AcAryapada saM0 1475 aura dehotsarga saM0 1514 meM huaa| Apa akhila bhArata meM eka mahAn sAhityasaMrakSaka ke rUpa meM smaraNa kiye jAte haiN| saM0 1475 se 1515 taka ke 40 varSoM meM hajAroM, balki lAkhoM grantha likhavAye aura unheM bhinna-bhinna sthAnoM meM rakhakara aneka naye -nUtana 1. draSTavya pravacanasAroddhAra, dvAra 107, gAthA 791 2. (ka) tadanu vigataca ( ta ? ) ndrA : pazcimAmbhodhimandrAH, kuzalakumudacandrAH prattabhavyAMgibhadrAH / praNamadamaracandrA nirjitazlokacandrAH, iha bhuvi jinacandrAH sUrirAjIsurendrAH // (kha) kharataragaccha - paTTAvalI, patra 5 3. (ka) yaddIkSitAH samabhavan padinaH suziSyAH, zrAddhAzca saGghapatayo'rpitavAsayogAt / prAptodaya: pravaralabdhi samRddhisiddheH, pAtraM tato'jani jinodayasUrirAjaH // kharataragaccha - paTTAvalI, patra 6 4. (ka) rejire rAjarAjAsyA, rAjarAjinamaskRtAH / kha zrI jinarAjasUrIndrA, bhavyarAjIva bhAskarAH // kharataragaccha - paTTAvalI, patra 6 (kha) - aSTalakSArthI, prazasti, 18 - aSTalakSArthI, prazasti, 19 - aSTalakSArthI, prazasti, 30

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22 mahopAdhyAya samayasundara : vyaktitva evaM kRtitva grantha bhaNDAra kAyama kiye| Apane jaisalamera, khaMbhAta, nAgaura, karNAvatI, pATaNa, mAMDavagar3ha, jAlaura Adi aneka sthAnoM para jJAna-bhaNDAroM kI sthApanA kii| jaisalamera durga ke jaina maMdira meM sthita jinabhadrasUri-jJAna-bhaMDAra' Aja bhI deza-videza ke vidvAnoM kA AkarSaNa kendra hai| yahA~ hajAroM hastalikhita pANDulipiyoM aura tAr3apatrIya prAcIna granthoM kA virATa saMgraha hai| jinasattarI prakaraNa Adi kaI granthoM ke Apa nirmAtA bhI haiN| 10.19 jinacandrasUri- ApakA janma vi0 saM0 1487 meM huA thaa| Apake pitA camma gotrIya sAha vaccharAja the aura mAtA vAlhAdevI thiiN| saM0 1492 meM Apa pravrajita hue| ApakA janma-nAmakaraNa aura dIkSA-nAma kanakadhvaja thaa| saMvat 1515 meM Apako AcAryapada prApta huaa| tatpazcAt jinacandrasUri ke nAma se prasiddha hue| saM0 1530 meM ApakA nidhana huaa| 10.20 jinasamudrasUri- Apa ucca koTi ke sAdhaka aura udbhaTa vidvAn the| ye bAr3amera ke dekAsAha pArakha ke putra the| Apane mAtA devaladevI kA mRdu pyAra pAyA thaa| saM0 1506 meM janma, saM0 1521 meM pravrajyA, saM0 1533 meM AcArya-pada aura saM0 1536 meM ApakA samAdhi-maraNa huaa| 10.21 jinahaMsasUri - ApakA janmasthAna setrAvA nAmaka nagara hai| saM0 1524 meM ApakA janma huA thaa| zrI megharAja caupar3A inake pitA aura kamalAdevI mAtA thiiN| ApakA janmanAma dhanarAja thaa| vi0 saM0 1535 meM pravrajita hone para yahI dhanarAja nAma dharmaraMga ke nAma se prasiddha huaa| AcArya-pada prApta hone para Apa jinahaMsasUri ke nAma se abhihita hue| Apane aneka jinamaMdiroM meM pratiSThAe~ karavAIM aura aneka bhavya vyaktiyoM ko dIkSAe~ pradAna kii| ApakA likhita sAhitya Aja anupalabdha hai| saM0 1582 meM Apa svargastha hue| 10.22 jinamANikyasUri- ApakA janma saM0 1549, dIkSA saM0 1560,AcArya-pada saM0 1582 aura tana-tyAga saM0 1612 meM huaa| ApakA sAMsArika nAma sAraMga thaa| Apane mAtA rayaNAdevI kI mRdu kor3A meM krIr3A kI aura pitA rAula deva caupar3A kA 1. maNidhArI zrI jinacandrasUri aSTama zatAbdI smRti graMtha, pRSTha 39 2. (ka) zrI majesalamerudurga-nagare 'jAvAla' puryAM tthaa| zrI mad 'devagirau' tathA 'ahi' pure zrIpattane' pattane // bhANDAgAramabIbharad varatarairnAnAvidhaiH pustkaiH| sa zrI majjinabhadrasUri-sugururbhAgyAdbhuto'bhUd bhuvi|| -- aSTalakSArthI, prazasti, 21 (kha) kharataragaccha paTTAvalI, patra 6 3. kharataragaccha-paTTAvalI patra 6 4. kharataragaccha-paTTAvalI, patra 6 5. vahI, patra 6

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23 samayasundara kA jIvana-vRtta asIma pyAra prApta kiyA thaa| Apa guru jinahaMsasUri ke tattvAvadhAna meM dIkSita hue| ApakI kRtiyoM meM 'kurmAputra-rAsa' nAmaka kRti milatI hai| Apake prabuddha ziSya kavi kanaka ne 'meghakumAra rAsa' Adi kI racanA kI hai| 10.23 jinacandrasUri- Apa kavi ke praguru haiN| ApakA janma saM0 1595 meM osiyAM (mAravAr3a) ke nikaTa khetasara nAmaka gAMva meM osavAla-vaMza ke rIhar3a gotra meM huaa| Apake pitA kA nAma zrIvaMta tathA mAtA kA nAma zrIyAde (zrIyAdevI) thaa| ApakI dIkSA saM0 1604 meM aura AcArya-padArohaNa saM0 1612 meM sampanna huaa| Apa samrATa akabara pratibodhaka ke rUpa meM jaina samAja meM bahuvizruta haiN| akabara Apase itanA adhika prabhAvita thA ki usane Apako vi0 saM0 1649 meM 'yugapradhAna' pada pradAna kiyA thaa| Apake sadupadeza se akabara ne ahiMsA-pracAra tathA tIrtha-rakSA ke lie kaI pharmAna (AdhikArika rAjakIya Adeza) nikaale| nareza jahAMgIra bhI Apako apanA guru mAnatA thaa| samayasundara ne bhI Apa para teraha racanAe~ likhI haiN| vi0 saM0 1614 meM svagaccha meM pracalita zithilAcAra ko dUra karane ke lie Apane bIkAnera meM kriyoddhAra kiyaa| isa prakriyA meM 284 zithilAcArI sAdhuoM ko gaccha se alaga kiyA gyaa| zrI jinacandrasUri ke mahAmantrI karmacandra bacchAvata aura saMghapati zrI somajI zivA Adi pramukha bhakta aura upAsaka the| Apane pIcA Adi 18 gotroM kI sthAnA kii| sAhit-nirmANa meM ApakI jinavallabhasUri kRta 'pauSadha-vidhi-prakaraNa' para 3554 zlokaparimANa kI vizad TIkA atyanta gambhIra aura mahattvapUrNa hai| Apake dvArA likhita granthoM meM draupadI, bAraha bhAvanA-adhikAra, zIlavatI, zAMbapradyumna-caupAI, bAravrata nau rAsa Adi grantha bhI milate haiN| saM0 1670 meM jodhapura janapada ke bilAr3A nagara meM ApakA dehavilaya huA thaa| 1. vahI, patra 6. 2. draSTavya - (ka) maMtrI karmacandraprabandha vRtti, (kha) jayasoma kRt prazrottara-grantha, (ga) zrIvallabhopAdhyAya kRt abhidhAna-cintAmaNi-nAmamAlA-TIkA 3. (ka) sarasvatI, patrikA, aMka 6, jUna 1912 (kha) mUla pratilipi - kharataragaccha-jJAna-bhaMDAra, lkhnuu| 4. draSTavya - samayasundara kRti kusumAMjali, pRSTha 357 se 377 5. (ka) tadIyapada - pUrvAdri - prakAzanara vipra bhA: zrI jinacandrasUrIndrA, jayanti jayino dhnaa|| yebhyo mudrA dAyiyugapradhAna-padaM prabhu zrImadakabbareNa / prabhUtabhAgyodayasuprasiddhA, jayantu te shriijincndrsuuryH|| - aSTalakSArthI, prazasti 22 (kha) kharataragaccha-paTTAvalI, patra 6

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24 mahopAdhyAya samayasundara : vyaktitva evaM kRtitva 10.24 gaNisakalacandra - Apa jinacandrasUri ke Adya ziSya haiM aura hamAre kavi ke guru haiN| Apake janma evaM mAtA-pitA ke sandarbha meM koI bhI aitihAsika pramANa hameM upalabdha nahIM hotA hai| kevala itanA saMketa mAtra milatA hai ki Apa rIhar3a gotrIya the| samayasundara ne kalpasUtra kI kalpalatA nAmaka TIkA kI prazasti meM 'gaNisakala candrAkhyo, rIhaDAnvayabhUSaNam' ullekha kara unheM rIhar3a gotrIya hI mAnA hai| samAcArI zataka meM bhI ukta bAta kI puSTi milatI hai| kharataragaccha-paTTAvalI ke anusAra inakI dIkSA vikrama saM0 1612 meM bIkAnera meM huI thii| isI AdhAra para yaha anumAna bhI lagAyA jAtA hai ki Apa bIkAnera ke nivAsI the| ApakA svargavAsa nAla, bIkAnera meM hI huA hogA, kyoMki vahA~ para Apake hI parijanoM, rIhar3a-gotriyoM ke dvArA ApakI caraNa-pAdukA kA nirmANa huA hai| saM0 1628 ke sAMbhalI-vAle patra meM Apake nAma kA ullekha prApta hotA hai aura ApakI caraNa-pAdukA kI pratiSThA AcArya jinacandrasUri ke dvArA vi0 saM0 1649 meM karAI gii| ata: isI ke bIca ApakA svargavAsa huA hogaa|2 / sakalacandra gaNi ke nAma se jinavallabhasUri kRta 'dharmazikSA' para vRtti tathA prAkRta meM racita 'hitAcaraNa' nAmaka eka anya graMtha para vRtti prApta hotI hai| yadyapi yaha donoM kRtiyA~ gaNi sakalacandra kI kahI gaI haiM, tathApi ye gaNi sakalacandra kauna se haiM, yaha vivAdAspada hai| usI kAla meM tapAgaccha meM vijayadAnasUri ke ziSya aura mahopAdhyAya bhAnucandra ke dIkSAguru eka anya gaNi sakalacandra bhI the| kavi ne apanI guru-vaMza-paramparA kA jo vistRta vivaraNa apanI kati "kharataragaccha-paTTAvalI' evaM 'aSTalakSI' kI prazasti meM diyA hai, usake AdhAra para hamane uparyukta vivecana prastuta kiyA hai| kavi ne isake atirikta hindI bhASA meM bhI gurvAvaliyoM kI racanA kI hai, jinameM mukhyata: AcArya gaNanAyakoM kA nAma ullekhamAtra hI milatA hai| phira bhI ina pramANoM se yaha spaSTa ho jAtA hai ki kavi apanI guruvaMza-paramparA se pUrNatayA avagata the aura usakA sAdara smaraNa karate the| isa guruvaMza-paramparA se yaha bhI spaSTa ho jAtA hai ki yaha guru-vaMza jainadharma kI zvetAmbara-zAkhA ke kharataragaccha se sambandhita hai| kharataragaccha vaha paramparA hai, jisane caityavAsa aura muni-jIvana ke zithilAcAra ke viruddha 1. draSTavya - samAcArI-zataka, prArambha 9 2. taccArucaraNAmbhoja-caMcarIka manA snaa| gaNiH sakalacandrAkhyo, vikhyAto mukhya shaiksskH|| __ - aSTalakSArthI, prazasti, 23-24 3. draSTavya - samayasundara kRti kusumAMjali, mahopAdhyAya samayasundara, pRSTha 12-13 4. draSTavya- samayasundara kRti kusumAMjali, kharatara-guru-paTTAvalI aura gurvAvalI gItam, pRSTha 347-349

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samayasundara kA jIvana-vRtta 25 eka krAnti kI thI aura jisameM aneka prabhAvazAlI AcArya aura aneka pratibhAzAlI vidvAn munijana hue, jinhoMne apanI sAmAjika sevAoM aura kRtiyoM se kharataragaccha kA nAma gauravAnvita kiyA hai tathA jana-jana kI zraddhA ke kendra bane haiM / kharataragaccha kI vidvat paramparA meM bhASA, sAhitya, darzana, itihAsa, jyotiSa, vaidyaka Adi vividha vidhAoM para hajAroM kRtiyoM kI racanA huii| Aja bhI inakI kRtiyoM se jaina-bhaMDAra bhare par3e haiN| inakI yaha vidyopAsanA na kevala jainadharma kI dRSTi se apitu samagra bhAratIya saMskRti evaM sAhitya kI dRSTi se bhI mahattvapUrNa hai / spaSTa hai ki samayasundara kI guru paramparA meM jinezvarasUri, abhayadevasUri, jinavallabhasUri, jinadattasUri, jinapatisUri, jinabhadrasUri Adi aneka prabhAvazAlI yugapradhAna evaM vidvAn AcArya hue haiN| hamAre vivecya kavi bhI isa vidvat-paramparA kI zrRMkhalA kI eka kar3I haiN| 11. zikSA aura zikSA guru kavivarya samayasundara ke jIvanavRtta ke pariprekSya meM unakI svaracita kRtiyoM aura pazcavartI muniyoM kI kRtiyoM ke AdhAra para aneka prakAra kI sUcanAe~ prApta hotI haiM / pravrajyA grahaNa karane se pUrva kavi ne kucha vidyAdhyayana kiyA yA nahIM, isa viSaya meM koI nizcita nirdeza nahIM milatA hai| mAravAr3a, usameM bhI sAMcaura jaise pichar3e hue gA~va meM jJAnAbhyAsa ke lie kavi ko adhika anukUlatA prApta huI ho, yaha saMbhava nahIM hai; parantu inake dvArA racita sAhitya kI nAmAvalI-mAtra dekhane se yaha spaSTa ho jAtA hai ki inhoMne kitanA adhika adhyayana kiyA thA / kavi kI 'aSTalakSI' nAmaka kevala eka kRti hI inakI prakhara vidvattA kI pratinidhitva karatI hai| isameM yaha anumAna sahaja hI lagAyA jA sakatA hai ki dIkSA ke bAda hI inheM praur3ha zikSA prApta huI hogii| kavi ke guru sakalacandra kA nidhana kavi kI dIkSA ke kucha hI varSoM ke pazcAt ho gayA thA / ata: inako guru ke dvArA adhika zikSA nahIM mila pAI thI / kavi ke svayaM ke ullekhAnusAra inakA vidyAdhyayana vAcaka mahimarAja aura upAdhyAya samayarAja ke sAnnidhya meM huA thA / kavi ne isa tathya kA aGkana isa prakAra kiyA hai. zrI mahimarAja vAcaka-vAcakavara samayarAja puNyAnAM, dvikaguruNAM prasAdato sUtrazatakamidam / 1 X X zrI jinasiMha munIzvara vAcakavara samayarAja-gaNirAjAm, ma vidyaika guruNAmanugraho me'tra vijJeyaH // 2 1. bhAvazataka (1.1) 2. anekArtharatna maMjUSA, aSTalakSArthI, prazasti 28 X

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mahopAdhyAya samayasundara : vyaktitva evaM kRtitva kavi ke ina donoM zikSA-guruoM kA saMkSipta ullekha kara denA yahA~ aprAsaMgika nahIM hai| 11.1 mahimarAja- Apa meghAvI aura pratibhAsampanna the evaM sadA adhyayana, manana, ciMtana meM apanA samaya sArthaka karate the| ApakA janma vi0 saM0 1615 meM huA thaa| ApakA janma-nAma mAnasiMha thaa| Apake pitA kA nAma zAha cAMpasI caupar3A aura mAtA kA nAma cAmpala devI thA, jo khetAsara grAma meM nivAsa karate the| Apane kavi ke praguru AcArya jinacandrasUri se vi0 saM0 1623 meM ATha varSa kI Ayu meM dIkSA grahaNa kI thii| dIkSAvasthA kA ApakA nAma mahimarAja rakhA gayA thaa| asAdhAraNa pratibhAzAlI vidvAna hone ke kAraNa jinacandrasUri ne Apako vi.sa. 1640 meM 'vAcaka' pada pradAna kiyA thaa| samrATa akabara Apase itane adhika prabhAvita hue ki unhoMne hI jinacandrasUri se nivedana kara bar3e utsava ke sAtha Apako vi0 saM0 1649 meM AcArya-pada pradAna karavA kara jinasiMhasUri nAma rkhvaayaa| kavi samayasundara ne 'jinasiMhasUri-padotsava-kAvyam' meM isa sambandha meM savistAra varNana kiyA hai| samrATa jahAMgIra ne apane pitA kA anukaraNa kara Apako 'yugapradhAna' kA pada pradAna kiyA thaa| ApakI kavivara samayasundara para itanI adhika mahatI kRpA rahI aura kavi kI bhI Apake prati itanI adhika AsthA thI ki kavi ne Apake Upara taiMtIsa racanAe~ racI thiiN| Apake jinarAjasUri evaM jinasAgarasUri Adi vidvAna suziSya the| vi0 saM0 1674 meM ApakI mRtyu huii| 11.2 samayarAja - Apake jIvana-vRtta ke sandarbha meM koI vistRta vivaraNa prApta nahIM hotA hai| Apa upAdhyAya-pada se vibhUSita the| Apane aura vAcaka mahimarAja ne samayasundara ko mahAn zrutajJAnI bnaayaa| phalasvarUpa kavi ne Apa donoM zikSAguruoM ke prati apanI hArdika zraddhA prakaTa kI hai| ApakI dharmamaMjarI-catuSpadI, paryuSaNa-vyAkhyAna-paddhati, jinakuzalasUri praNIta zatruJjaya-RSabhajina-stava-avacUri, sAdhu-samAcArI Adi kRtiyA~ prApta haiN| samayasundara ne ina donoM ke samIpa kina-kina granthoM kA abhyAsa kiyA, isakI sUcanA prApta nahIM hotI hai| phira bhI mahopAdhyAya vinayasAgara kA anumAna hai ki kavi kI jisa pratibhA kA paricaya hameM 'aSTalakSI' meM prApta hotA hai, usase yaha pramANita hotA hai ki Apane vAcakoM se siddhahemazabdAnuzAsana, anekArtha-saMgraha, vizvazaMbhunAmamAlA, kAvyaprakAza, paMcamahAkAvya Adi graMthoM ke sAtha-sAtha jaina Agamika sAhitya kA aura jaina-darzana kA vizeSatayA adhyayana kiyA thaa| 1. draSTavya - rAjasamudra kRta jinsiNhsuuri-giitm| 2. draSTavya - samayasundara kRti kusumAMjali, pR0 378-403 3. samayasundara kRti kusumAMjali, mahopAdhyAya samayasundara, pR0 15

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samayasundara kA jIvana-vRtta 12. padArohaNa 12.1 gaNipada - kavipravara samayasundara kI sarvaprathama kRti hai, 'bhAvazataka' / yaha kRti kavi kI prabuddhatA kA paricaya karAtI hai / kavi ne isa kRti ke anta meM apane nAma ke sAtha 'gaNi' padAvataMza zabda kA prayoga bhI kiyA hai| isa kRti kA nirmANa vi0 saM0 1641 meM samApta huA / ' kavi ko 'gaNi' pada kaba prApta huA, isakA saMketa anya kahIM upalabdha na hone se yaha grantha hI isa tathya ko pramANita karane kA mUlAdhAra hai / kavi kI dIkSA yadi vi0 saM0 1628-30 meM huI mAnya karate haiM, to gaNipada dIkSA ke 8-10 varSa pazcAt svIkAra kara sakate haiN| kavi ko jinacandrasUri ne Agamika prazikSaNa, ucca abhyAsa, tIkSNabuddhi, medhAvI pratibhA tathA tapa-saMyama ke pAlana meM dakSa dekhakara gaNipada pradAna kiyA hogaa| anumAnataH samayasundara ke zikSAguru vAcaka mahimarAja ke sAtha hI inheM bhI jinacandrasUri ne vi0 saM0 1640, mAgha zukla paMcamI ko jaisalamera meM 'gaNi' kI upAdhi se vibhUSita kiyA hogA / 12. 2. vAcakapada - 'karmacandravaMza - prabaMdha '3 evaM 'caupAI 4 ke anusAra samayasundara ko 'vAcanAcArya' athavA vAcaka- pada prApta huA thaa| vAcaka- pada saMprApta hone ke pazcAt kavi kI likhita zAmbapradyumna caupAI, cAra pratyeka caupAI, mRgAvatI - caritra - caupAI ityAdi kRtiyoM meM svayaM ko 'vAcaka samayasundara' ke rUpa meM hI prastuta kiyA hai / rAjasoma kRta 'samayasundara gItam' ke anusAra yaha nizcita hai ki kavi ke praguru ne hI Apako 'vAcaka pada' pradAna kara sammAnita kiyA thA / " kavi ke zikSAguru vAcaka hamarAja ko lAhaura meM ' AcArya padavI' pradAna karate samaya hI kavi ko 'vAcaka pada' kI udghoSaNA huI thI / yaha padotsava kAryakrama vi0 saM0 1649, phAlguna zuklA dvitIyA ko sampanna huA thaa| kavi ne isa samaya taka rAsa, gIta, prabandha, stavana, chattIsI Adi kAvya vividha aGgoM para sAhitya likhanA prArambha kara diyA thaa| 1. tacchiSya samayasundaragaNinA svAbhyAsa vRddhikRte / 2. zazisAgararasa - bhUtala saMvati vihitaM ca bhAvazatakamidam / 3. teSu ca gaNi jayasomA, ratnanidhAnAzca pAThakA vihitA / guNavinaya samayasundara gaNi kRtau vAcanAcAryau // - karmacandravaMza - prabandha (62) -- bhAvazataka (99) 4. vAcaka pada guNavinaya nai, samayasundara nai dIdhau re / yugapradhAna jI nai karai, jANi rasAyaNa sIdhau re // - - (kha) rAjasoma kRta samayasundara jI gItam, pRSTha 133 6. kavi samayasundara kRti jinasiMhasUri padotsava - kAvyam jaina - rAsa-saMgraha, bhAga-3, caupAI 5. (ka) yugapradhAna jinacandra svayaMhasta vAcaka ho pada lAhore diyo / 27 bhAvazataka (100) - - samayasundara kRta naladavadantI - rAsa, pariziSTa I,

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28 mahopAdhyAya samayasundara : vyaktitva evaM kRtitva 12. 3 upAdhyAya pada - kavi ko vAcaka pada ke ikkIsa bAIsa varSa ke pazcAt upAdhyAyapada prApta huA thA / kavi rAjasoma kI racanA ke AdhAra para yaha saMketa to milatA hai ki samayasundara ko upAdhyAya - pada unake zikSA guru jinasiMhasUri ke kara kamaloM se jodhapura jile ke laverA nagara meM pradAna kiyA gayA thA, lekina kavi rAjasoma ne yaha ullekha nahIM kiyA hai ki yaha pada unheM kisa saMvat meM diyA gayA / astu ! samayasundara kI kRtiyoM para se isakA saMvat nizcita karane meM koI kaThinAI nahIM hotI hai / - kavi samayasundara apanI racanAoM meM vi0 saM0 1671 taka 'vAcaka samayasundara' ke rUpa meM hI apanI pahacAna karavAte haiM / kintu saM0 1672 aura usake pazcakAla meM racita kRtiyoM meM kavi ne apane nAma ke sAtha 'upAdhyAya' vizeSaNa kA prayoga kiyA hai / vi0 saM0 1672 meM racita kRtiyoM meM 'upAdhyAya' upAdhi kA ullekha isa prakAra hai - teSAM ziSyo mukhyaH svahastadIkSita sakalacandragaNiH / tacchiSya- samayasundara, supAThakairakRta zatakamidam // 2 X X X jayavaMtA guru rAjiyA re, zrI jinasiMhasUri rAya / samayasundara tasu sAnidhi karI re, ipa pabhaNai uvajhAya re // 3 ataH spaSTa hai ki samayasundara ko vi0 saM0 1671 se 1672 taka ke madhyavartI kAla meM hI 'upAdhyAya' pada pradAna kiyA gayA thaa| zrI agaracanda nAhaTA tathA zrI bhaMvaralAla nAhaTA ne kavi kI anya kRtiyoM meM prApta ullekhoM ke AdhAra para yahI bAta siddha kI hai ki 'anuyogadvAra' (racanA naM0 1671 ) kI puSpikA meM 'vAcaka' aura 'RSimaMDala - vRtti' (1672) kI puSpikA meM upAdhyAya - pada ullikhita hone se isI bIca inakA 'upAdhyAya pada' pAnA nizcita hai / 12.4 mahopAdhyAya-pada- * prAcya sAhitya ke avalokana se avagata hotA hai ki kharataragaccha kI yaha paramparA rahI hai ki upAdhyAya-pada meM jo sabase bar3A hotA hai, vahI mahopAdhyAya kahalAtA hai / pazcavartI kaI kaviyoM ne samayasundara ko mahopAdhyAya kI zreSTha upAdhi se sUcita kiyA hai / yaha upAdhi inheM paramparAgata prApta huI thI, kyoMki AcArya jinasiMhasUri ke kAladharma prApta karane ke pazcAt arthAt vi0 saM0 1680 se gaccha meM mAtra Apa hI jJAnavRddha, vayovRddha aura dIkSAparyAyavRddha the / ataH gaccha kI paramparA ke kAraNa kavi mahopAdhyAya kahalAye / yahI kAraNa hai ki vAdI harSanandana ne apanI racanA 1. zrI jinasiMhasUrIMda sahera lavera ho pAThaka-pada kIyo / - naladavadantI rAsa, pariziSTa I; rAjasoma kRta samayasundara gItam, pRSTha 133 2. vizeSa - zataka (4) 3. siMhalasuta - priyamelaka - rAsa (11-6)

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samayasundara kA jIvana-vRtta 29 'uttarAdhyayanasUtravRtti' ke Arambha meM hI unheM 'mahopAdhyAya 1 ke vizeSaNa se sambodhita kiyA hai| uparyukta padoM kI prApti se spaSTa ho jAtA hai ki kavi apane samaya ke eka vizruta vidvAn the, saMgha para unakI pratibhA kI anupama chApa thI aura ve jana-jana ke zraddhA ke abhinava pAtra the| 13. pada-yAtrAe~ yAtrA zikSA kA eka sAdhana hai / bhinna-bhinna sthAnoM ko dekhane tathA sabhI prakAra ke vyaktiyoM se bAteM karane se hama bahuterI nayI cIjeM sIkhate haiN| yUropa meM to yAtrA ke binA zikSA adhUrI samajhI jAtI hai / prAcIna bhArata meM bhI tIrthayAtrA ko bar3A mahattva diyA jAtA thaa| aneka nadiyoM aura pahAr3oM ke isa deza meM pada-yAtrAe~ karanA to bar3A Anandaprada hotA hai / Aja vijJAna ke yuga meM jaba AvAgamana ke drutagAmI sAdhana upalabdha haiM aura manuSya zabda kI gati se yAtrA karane kI taiyArI kara rahA hai, taba pada-yAtrAoM ke mahattva kA pratipAdana karanA bhI eka prazna-cihna hI bana jAtA hai| Aja jaba yaha kahA jAtA hai ki jaina muni isa yuga meM bhI vAhana kA upayoga nahIM karatA / nahIM karanA cAhie, to anekoM ko Azcaryajanaka lagatA hai, kintu pada-yAtrAoM kA apanA eka viziSTa mahattva aura sthAna hai, jise nakArA nahIM jA sakatA hai| kisI deza aura saMskRti kI mUlAtmA kA darzana usa sudUra grAmINa aMcaloM meM hI hogA, jo Aja bhI AvAgamana ke drutagAmI sAdhanoM se vaMcita haiN| pada-yAtrI jisa nikaTatA se una logoM ke jIvana, bhAvanAoM aura sAMskRtika mUlyoM kA avalokana evaM Akalana kara pAtA hai, vaha drutagAmI vAhana - yAtriyoM ke lie saMbhava nahIM hai / pada-yAtrAoM meM vyakti adhikAdhika vyaktiyoM se samparka meM AtA hai| usakA jJAna evaM dRSTikoNa, vyApaka aura udAra banatA hai / pada-yAtrAoM meM use apane vyaktitva ke vikAsa kA avasara milatA hai / yathArthataH pada-yAtrA AcAra-vicAra kI gaMgA-yamunA ko grAma-grAma meM le jAne vAlI eka anupama sAMskRtika tathA AdhyAtmika paramparA hai aura deza - darzana, svAdhyAya, svAnubhUti, satsaMga evaM jJAnArjana kA utkRSTa sAdhana hai / vAhana - yAtrA meM prakRti kA vaha saundarya-bodha bhI kathamapi sambhava nahIM hai, jo kisI padayAtrI ko ho sakatA hai| kahA~ bhIr3oM se saMkula vAhanoM kI yAtrA aura kahA~ zAnta tathA nIrava pada- -yaatraaeN| donoM meM koI tulanA nhiiN| pada yAtrI padayAtrA meM jisa AdhyAtmika zAnti aura AtmatoSa kA anubhava karatA hai, vaha vAhana yAtrI ko kabhI bhI prApta nahIM ho sakatA / 1. zrI samayasundara - mahopAdhyAyacaraNasaroruhAbhyAM namaH / - uttarAdhyayanasUtravRtti (prArambha meM)

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mahopAdhyAya samayasundara : vyaktitva evaM kRtitva vAhana-yAtrA ke lie artha Avazyaka hotA hai, kintu 'attho mUlaM aNatthANaM'yaha AgamavAkya hai| ataH eka aparigrahI sAdhaka ke lie artha juTAnA na kevala usake cAritrika patana kA kAraNa hogA, apitu use pUMjIpatiyoM kA Azrita bhI banA degA, usakA svAvalambIpana aura nirapekSa jIvana samApta ho jaaegaa| aisI avasthA meM vaha sAdhu nahIM, sAMsArika vRttiyoM meM racA-pacA gRhastha hI hogaa| ata: adhyAtma-jagat meM ramaNa karane vAle sAdhu ke lie pada-yAtrA hI adhika upayukta evaM ucita hai| mahopAdhyAya samayasundara jaina sAdhu the, isalie padayAtrA karanA unake lie eka dhArmika dAyitva thA, kyoMki zAstrIya maryAdA ke anusAra muni ko navakalpI vihAra karanA cAhiye arthAt varSAvAsa ko chor3akara zeSa ATha mAsa padayAtrA karanI caahie| ata: kavi ne dIkSA se mRtyu paryanta jo pada-yAtrAe~ kI thIM, usakA kSetra kAphI vistRta aura vyApaka hai| kavi ke racita granthoM kI prazastiyA~, tIrthamAlAe~ aura tIrthastavoM ko dekhane se jJAta hotA hai ki kavi ne sindha, paMjAba, uttarapradeza, rAjasthAna, saurASTra, gujarAta Adi pradezoM kI padayAtrA kI thii| kavi kI padayAtrA sambandhI prAmANika jAnakArI prApta karane ke lie hamAre pAsa unakI kRtiyoM ke atirikta Aja anya koI sAdhana upalabdha nahIM hai| kavi samayasundara kI saMvatollekha pUrvaka sarvaprathama racanA 'bhAvazataka' hai, jo vi0 saM0 1641 meM viracita hai| vi0 saM0 1641 se pUrva kI koI kRti prApta na hone se yaha kahanA kaThina hai ki isase pUrva kavi ne kahA~-kahA~ paryaTana kiyA thaa| anumAnata: ve dIkSA grahaNa karane ke bAda apane guru aura praguru ke sAtha hI vicaraNa karate rahe hoMge; kyoMki prApta sAkSyoM ke AdhAra para yahI pratIta hotA hai ki kavivara kAphI samaya taka apane guruoM ke sAnidhya meM hI rahe, jahA~ unake vyaktitva kA parimArjana tathA vikAsa huaa| pada-yAtrA ke sandarbha ke kavi samayasundara kI sarvaprathama racanA 'zrI zatruJjaya tIrthabhAsa' aura 'zrI zatruJjaya AdinAtha bhAsa" prApta huI hai| isase parijJAta hotA hai ki vi0 saM0 1644 meM kavi ke praguru jinacandrasUri ke netRtva meM ahamadAbAda se poravAr3a-vaMza ke somajI aura zivajI ne zatruJjaya mahAtIrtha, jise mandiroM kA nagara kahA jAtA hai, ki yAtrA karane ke lie zramaNa, zramaNI, zrAvaka, zrAvikA rUpa caturvidha saMgha nikaalaa| isa virATa saMgha meM kavi ne bhI apane praguru, zikSAguru prabhRti ke saMga zatruJjaya kI yAtrA kii| kavi ne ullekhAnusAra yaha padayAtrA caitra kRSNA caturthI, budhavAra ko sampUrNa huii| kavi ne likhA hai ki yahA~ kA vAtAvaraNa zAMta hai, prakRti prasanna hai, vAyumaNDala svaccha hai aura devAlaya-darzana kalyANakara hai| 1. draSTavya - dazavaikAlika (6.19) 2. bRhatkalpabhASya (6346) 3. draSTavya - samayasundara kRti kusumAMjali, pR0 67-68 4. draSTavya - vahI, pRSTha 65-66

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samayasundara kA jIvana-vRtta tatpazcAt kavi kI racanA 'zrI jinasiMhasUri-sapAdASTaka' se jJAta hotA hai ki samrATa akabara ko jaina dharma kA viziSTa bodha pAne kI icchA huii| ataH isa uddezya se mantrI karmacandra ne zrIjinacandrasUri kA bhayaMkara grISmaRtu meM AnA kaSTakara jAna, unake mUrdhanya ziSya vAcaka mahimarAja ko nimantraNa rUpa vijJaptipatra dekara jinacandrasUri ke samIpa bhejaa| zrI jinacandrasUri ne mahimarAja ko hamAre kavi Adi cha: vidvAn muniyoM ke sAtha vi0 saM0 1647 meM lAhaura bhejaa| kavi ke ullekhAnusAra ve sirohI, jAlora, riNI, sarasApura, pIrojapura Adi mArgavartI kSetroM meM pAdasparza karate hue lAhaura phuNce| isa lambI padayAtrA meM kavi ne kaI rAjamahala, kile, prAcIna imArateM, sundaranagara, nadiyA~, bAga-bagIce, tIrtha Adi darzanIya sthala dekhe-aisA saMketa kavi ne 'zrI jinasiMhasUri-sapAdASTaka' meM kiyA lAhaura meM inakA atyadhika abhinandana tathA svAgata huaa| ina vidvAn muniyoM kI ArSavANI ne samrATa akabara aura jahAMgIra ko bahuta prabhAvita kiyA, jisase una donoM kI inake prati zraddhA uttarottara bar3hatI gii| kavi samayasundara kI 'aSTalakSI' kRti ke anusAra vi0 saM0 1649, zrAvaNa zuklA trayodazI ko kAzmIra-vijaya ke uddezya se akabara ne prayANa kara rAjA zrI rAmadAsa kI vATikA meM vizrAma grahaNa kiyA, jahA~ kavi ne 'rAjA no dadate saukhyam' isa ATha akSara meM bane vAkya kA 10,22,407 artha karake apane abhUtapUrva grantha ko par3hakara sunaayaa| uttaravartI kaviyoM ke saMketoM ke anusAra akabara tathA upasthita vidvatpariSada ne isa advitIya grantha kI muktakaMTha se prazaMsA ko| 'karmacandravaMza-prabandha' ke anusAra kAzmIra vijaya kara lAhaura vApasa Ane para akabara ke anurodha para mahimarAja ko 'AcArya' pada aura kavi samayasundara ko 'vAcaka' pada se sammAnita kiyA gyaa| ___ 'stambhana pArzvanAtha stava' tathA 'dAdA zrI jinakuzalasUri-guroSTakam racanA se jAnakArI milatI hai ki kavi vi0 saM0 1651 meM 'gaDAlaya' gaye aura dAdA gurudeva ke tIrtha kA maMgala darzana prApta kiyaa| chaha rAga-chattIsa rAgiNI nAmagarbhita zrI jinacandrasUri 1. draSTavya - vahI, pRSTha 390-393 2. anekArtharatnamaMjUSA - aSTalakSArthI, pRSTha 55 3. draSTavya -(ka) rAjasoma kRta mahopAdhyAya zrI samayasundara gItam, (kha) devIdAsa kRta mahopAdhyAya samayasundarajI gItam, (ga) vAdI harSanandana kRta samayasundara upAdhyAyAnAM gItam, - naladavadantI-rAsa, pariziSTa I, pR0 132-138 4. draSTavya - samayasundara kRti kusumAMjali, pRSTha 184-185 5. vahI, pRSTha 349-350

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32 mahopAdhyAya samayasundara : vyaktitva evaM kRtitva ' meM prApta ullekhoM ke anusAra kavi vi0saM0 1652 meM khambhAta meM gaye / gIta meM kArtika zuklA caturthI tithi kA nirdeza bhI hai, jisase patA calatA hai ki vaha cAturmAsa unhoMne khaMbhAta meM vyatIta kiyA thaa| jaisalamera ke kharataragaccha-paMcAyatI-bhaMDAra meM vidyamAna kavi kI svalikhita 'maMgalavAda 2 racanA kI antima paMktiyA~ yaha bAta spaSTa karatI haiM ki ve vi0 saM0 1653 meM pada-yAtrA karate hue ilAdurga pahu~ce the| saptadaza rAga garbhita zrI jaisalamera maNDana pArzva-jinastavanam meM prApta saMketoM ke anusAra kavi vi0 saM0 1656 meM jaisalamera Ae aura akSaya tRtIyA ko ve jaisalamera meM rahe / vikrama saMvat 1657 meM jinasiMhasUri ke sAtha caitrakRSNa caturthI tithi ko Apa AbU pahu~ce tathA vastupAla aura tejapAla dvArA banAye gaye advitIya jinamaMdiroM kA darzana kiyaa| yaha sArA ullekha ' zrI AbUtIrtha stavana" meM prAta hotA hai| 'zatruJjaya AdinAtha bhAsa " ke anusAra kavi ne vi0 saM0 1658 meM puna: zatruJjaya tIrtha ke darzana kara apane ko kRtArtha kiyaa| caitrapUrNimA kA isa tIrtha meM eka vizeSa mahattva hai / ataH kavi ne yaha dina yahIM para vyatIta kiyA / 'caubIsI 6 kI racanA vi0saM0 1658, vijayAdazamI ko pUrNa huii| isakA abhiprAya yaha hai ki varSAvAsa kavi ne ahamadAbAda meM sampanna kiyA / 'aSTApadastavana" meM ve yaha ullekha bhI karate haiM ki isI varSa manajI zAha ne yahA~ aSTApada tIrtha kI racanA karAI / yahA~ se inhoMne pATaNa kI ora vihAra kiyA hogA, kyoMki narasiMha bhaTTa praNIta 'zravaNa- bhUSaNa' grantha kI kavi ke hAtha kI likhI pANDulipi prApta hotI hai,' jisameM vi0 saM0 1659, caitra pUrNimA ke dina Apane pATaNa meM isa grantha ko likhA hai, aisA saMketa prApta hotA hai| 'zAmbapradyumna - caupAI' ke AdhAra para kavi pATaNa se khaMbhAta Ae the aura yahIM cAturmAsa vyatIta karate hue unhoMne isa grantha ko vi0 saM0 1659, vijayAdazamI ko pUrNa kiyA thA / 'nAgaura maNDana pArzvanAtha stavanam " 10 meM upalabdha ullekhAnusAra ve vi0 saM0 1661, caitravadi paMcamI ko nAgaura gaye the / vi0 saM0 1662 meM vibhinna sthaloM meM pAdabhramaNa 1. draSTavya - vahI, pRSTha 365-368 2. maMgalavAda, prazasti (aprakAzita) 3. draSTavya samayasundara kRti kusumAMjali, pRSTha 146 - 153 4. vahI, pRSTha 77-78 - samayasundara kRti kusumAMjali, pRSTha 68-70 5. draSTavya 6. vahI, pRSTha 3-14 7. draSTavya - samayasundara kRti kusumAMjali, pRSTha 61-62 8. motIcanda khajAMcI, bIkAnera ke saMgraha meM upalabdha 9. draSTavya * zAmva- pradyumna - caupAI, DhAla 21, chanda 4 ( aprakAzita ) - samayasundara kRti kusumAMjali, pRSTha 180 - 181 10. draSTavya

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samayasundara kA jIvana-vRtta 33 evaM ahiMsApracAra karate hue ve sAMgAnera phuNce| 'dAna - zIla- tapa - bhAvanA - saMvAda" nAmaka racanA isa tathya ko prakaTa karatI hai / vi0 saM0 1662 meM hI kavi ne ghaMghANI tIrtha kI ora pAda-prayANa kiyA / ' zrIghaMghANI tIrtha stavana 2 ke nirdezAnusAra jyeSTha zuklA ekAdazI ko dUdhelA sarovara ke nikaTastha khokhara ke pRSTha bhAga kI khudAI karate samaya eka bhUmigRha nikalA, jisameM jaina aura ziva kI paiMsaTha bhavya pratimAeM prApta huIM, jisakA darzana unhoMne mAghamAsa meM kiyaa| yahA~ unheM anya aneka prAcIna kalAkRtiyA~ aura purAtattva sambandhI sAmagriyA~ dekhane ko milI thiiN| vi0 saM0 1663, kArttika zuklA dazamI ko bIkAnera meM 'rUpakamAlA' nAmaka bhASA-kAvya para Apane cUrNi bnaaii| isase yaha nizcita ho jAtA hai ki kavi vi0 saM0 1663 meM bIkAnera gaye the aura vahIM para cAturmAsa bitAyA thaa| bhaMDArakara risarca iMsTITyUTa, pUnA meM uparyukta cUrNi kI kavi-likhita prati prApta hotI hai| yaha prati vi0 saM0 1664, caitra pUrNimA ko 'cATasU' nagara meM pUrNa likhI gii| cAra pratyekabuddha - caupAI meM prApta saMketoM ke AdhAra para kavi ne cATasU se AgarA kI ora ugra vihAra kiyaa| yaha cAturmAsa AgarA meM hI huA thA / isa tathya kI puSTi eka aura gIta karatA hai, vaha hai AgarA maMDana zrI vimalanAtha bhAsa / tatpazcAt vi0 saM0 1665, caitra zuklA dazamI ko amarasara ( zekhAvaTI ) meM racita 'cAturmAsika vyAkhyAna paddhati 5 nAmaka kRti prApta hotI hai / amarasara meM hI nirmitta ' amarasara maMDana zItala-jinastavanam 6 nAmaka racanA se bhI yaha bAta spaSTa hotI hai ki kavi pada-yAtrA karate hue amarasara Ae aura vahA~ se vi saM0 1666 meM vIramapura pahu~ce, jahA~ unhoMne 'kAlakAcArya - kathA 7 kI racanA kI thii|' jJAna- paMcamI bRhatstavanam " nAmaka racanA bhI isI sthAna para jyeSTha zuklA paMcamI ko likhI gaI / I mahopAdhyAya samayasundara kA sindhI bhASA para acchA adhikAra thA aura unhoMne sindhI meM aneka racanAoM kA praNayana bhI kiyA thA / una racanAoM se jJAta hotA hai ki kavi ne deza ke anya pradezoM kA paryaTana karane ke sAtha-sAtha sindha prAnta meM bhI padayAtrAe~ kI thiiN| upalabdha sAkSyoM ke AdhAra para sindha prAnta meM inakA vicaraNa do-tIna varSa mAnA jA sakatA hai| 9. vahI, pRSTha 583 - 593 - 2. draSTavya - * samayasundara kRti kusumAMjali, pRSTha 232-235 3. AnaMdakAvyamahodadhi, mauktika 7, cAra pratyekabuddha - caupAI (4-9-3), pRSTha 147 4. draSTavya - samayasundara kRti kusumAMjali, pRSTha 102-103 5. draSTavya - cAturmAsika vyAkhyAna paddhati, prazasti (aprakAzita ) 6. samayasundara kRti kusumAMjali, pRSTha 97 - 100 7. draSTavya kAlikAcArya - kathAsaMgraha, kAlakAcArya - kathA, 8. samayasundara kRti kusumAMjali, pRSTha 236 - 239 prazasti --

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mahopAdhyAya samayasundara : vyaktitva evaM kRtitva 'pauSadha-vidhi-stavana' se vidita hotA hai ki kavivara vi0 saM0 1667 meM sindha pradeza meM gae the aura unhoMne mArgazIrSa, zukla pakSa dazamI ko maroTa nagara meM uparyukta racanA nirmita kii| maroTa se ve ucca nagara Ae aura vahA~' zrAvakArAdhanA'2 nAmaka kRti kA praNayana kiyaa| isa prAnta ke vividha aMcaloM meM ghUmate hue ve vi0 saM0 1667 meM mulatAna phuNce| isI nagara meM racita 'satI mRgAvatI-caritra caupAI3 kRti sAhitya-saMsAra ko prApta huii| caitra kRSNa dazamI ko yahIM para likhita 'niriyAvalI sUtra' kI pANDulipi yati cunnIlAla ke saMgrahAlaya meM vidyamAna hai| isI sthala para likhita eka aura kAvya-racanA upalabdha huI hai 'krmchttiisii'| isameM ullikhita samaya ke AdhAra para yaha spaSTa ho jAtA hai ki kavi ne mAgha zuklA SaSThI taka mulatAna meM hI vAsa kiyaa| vi0 saM0 1669 meM kavi siddhapura (sItapura) gye| vahA~ hone vAlI bhayaMkara hiMsA ko unhoMne rokane kA athaka prayAsa kiyaa| jainadharma prArambha se hI ahiMsA kA prabala prasAraka rahA hai| jaina AcArya aura munigaNa hiMsA ko samApta karane ke lie sadaiva prayatnazIla rahe haiN| aneka jainAcAryoM ne rAjAoM ko prabhAvita kara amAri-ghoSaNA karavAI aura isa prakAra prANiyoM ko abhayadAna diyaa| kavi samayasundara ke dAdAguru AcArya jinacandrasUri ne bhI akabara jaise muslima samrATa ko bhI ahiMsA ke lie prerita kiyA aura jIva-vadha saMbaMdhI aneka sanadeM prApta kI tathA amAri-ghoSaNAe~ krvaaiiN| vivecya kavi bhI isI pariveza meM rahe the aura unake mana meM bhI ahiMsA kI utkaTa bhAvanA thii| yahI kAraNa hai ki hamAre vivecya kavi ne bhI hiMsA kA prabala virodha kiyA aura makhanUma muhammaha zekha kAjI ko upadeza dekara sindha prAnta meM go-jAti kI rakSA karavAI tathA paMcanadI ke jalacara jIvoM kI hiMsA banda kraaii| anya jIvoM ke lie bhI inhoMne amAri-paTaha bajavAkara vimala kIrti prApta kii| yaha puSTa pramANa uttaravartI kaviyoM ke ullekhoM se jJAta hotA hai| siddhapura meM hI kavi ne apanI 'puNyachattIsI5 nAmaka kRti likhI thii| sindha prAnta meM hI ghaTita kavi ke jIvana kI eka ghaTanA jaina samAja meM bahuta prasiddha hai| sindha pradeza meM vicaraNa karate samaya eka bAra ve zrAvaka-saMgha sahita 'uccanagara' 1. vahI, pRSTha 594-600 2. draSTavya - zrAvakArAdhanA, prazasti (aprakAzita) 3. samayasundara kRti kusumAMjali, pRSTha 526-533 4. (ka) naladavadaMtI-rAsa, pariziSTa I; kavi rAjasoma kRta samayasundara gItam pRSTha 132 (kha) vahI, kavi devIdAsa kRta samayasundara gItam, pRSTha 135 / (ga) vahI, vAdIharSanandanakRt samayasundaragItam, pRSTha 138 (gha) harSanandana kRt RSimaNDala-TIkA, prazasti (11) 5. samayasundara kRti kusumAMjali, pRSTha 533-540

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35 samayasundara kA jIvana-vRtta jAte samaya mArga meM AI huI 'paMcanadI' ko pAra karane ke lie naukA meM baitthe| nAvika ne naukA khenA prArambha kiyaa| jaba naukA nadI ke madhya pahu~cI, taba acAnaka varSA zurU ho gaI aura bhayaMkara tUphAna A gyaa| naukA idhara-udhara DagamagAne lgii| mastUla TUTa gyaa| sabhI ko apane sira para mRtyu nRtya karatI huI dikhAI dene lgii| hAhAkAra ke sivAya anya koI udyama karane ko nahIM bcaa| aisI vipadA meM samayasundara ne apane ekamAtra iSTa - jinakuzalasUri kA nizcala bhAva se dhyAna kiyaa| ve dhyAna-sAdhanA meM pUrNa magna ho, unakI ArAdhanA meM tallIna ho gye| phalasvarUpa iSTa devAtmA ne vahA~ pahu~cakara saMkaTa dUra kiyaa| kavi svayaM isa camatkArapUrNa ghaTanA kA ullekha karate hue kahate haiM - Ayau Ayau jI samaraMtA dAdau aayau| saMkaTa dekha sevaka kuM sadguru derAura teM dhAyo jI // 1 // dAdA varase meha nai rAta aMdhArI, vAya piNa sabalau vaayau| paMca nadI hama baiThe ber3I, dariye ho citta DarAyau jI // 2 // dAdA uccha bhaNI pahu~cAvaNa Ayo, kharatara saMgha svaayo| samayasundara kahe kuzala kuzala guru, paramAnanda sukha pAyau jI // 3 // jinakuzalasUri ke prati kavi kI aTUTa zraddhA thii| isI kAraNa rAsa-caupAI Adi kRtiyoM meM bhI inake prati bhakti prakaTa huI hai| sindha pradeza se kavivara mAravAr3a Adi kSetroM meM hote hue gujarAta prAnta meM phNce| 'navavAr3azIla-gItam'2 racanA ke anusAra ve vi0 saM0 1670 meM ahamadAbAda Ate haiM aura vahIM para varSAvAsa karate haiN| varSAkAla meM hI inake praguru kA dehAvasAna ho jAtA hai| sudUra hone ke kAraNa kavi unake aMtima darzana nahIM kara pAte haiN| isa bAta kA unheM ati duHkha hotA hai| apane Antarika bhAvoM ko ve 'AlIjA-gItam'3 nAmaka do gItoM meM vyakta karake unake mahAn upakAroM kA smaraNa karate haiM tathA gIta ke mAdhyama se hI unheM zraddhA ke puNya samarpita karate haiN| ahamadAbAda meM cAturmAsa samApta hone para kavi ne rAjasthAna kI ora prayANa kiyaa| 'anuyoga-dvAra' evaM 'praznavyAkaraNa' nAmaka granthoM kI puSpikA meM prApta sUcanAoM ke AdhAra para vi0 saM0 1671 kA cAturmAsa kavi ne bIkAnera meM kiyA thA aura ye donoM grantha unake vidvAn ziSya jayakIrti ko unhoMne paThanArtha diye| isake pazcAt kavi laverA (jodhapura) gaye hoMge, kyoMki gaNi rAjasoma ne apane guru-gIta 'mahopAdhyAya samayasundara 1. samayasundara kRti kusumAMjali, dAdA zrI jinakuzalasUri gItam, pRSTha 350-351 2. samayasundara kRti kusumAMjali, pRSTha 458-459 3. vahI, pRSTha 374-378

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36 mahopAdhyAya samayasundara : vyaktitva evaM kRtitva gItam' meM ullekha kiyA hai ki laverA zahara meM inheM 'upAdhyAya' pada pradAna kiyA gayA / yadyapi usa gIta meM unhoMne saM0 samaya kI sUcanA nahIM dI hai, kintu 'anuyogadvAra' (1671) kI puSpikA meM 'vAcaka' tathA RSimaNDalavRtti (1672 ) kI puSpikA ( prazasti) meM upAdhyAya pada kA ullekha hone se isI avadhi ke madhya ve laverA zahara gaye hoMge aura unheM 'upAdhyAya' pada se alaMkRta kiyA gayA hogA / utkaTa sAhitya - sAdhanA hetu kavivarya vihAra karate hue vi0 saM0 1672 meM mer3atA Ae / vahA~ para unhoMne cAra varSa taka nirantara sAhitya - sAdhanA kI / 'samAcArI'zataka', 'vizeSa - zataka', 'priyamelaka - caupAI', 'puNyasAra - caupAI', 'gAthAsahasrI', 'naladavadantI-rAsa'1, 'vicAra - zataka' Adi kavi kI pramukha kRtiyA~ isI cAra varSoM kI avadhi meM racI giiN| ' zrI rANakapura Adijina stavana 2 ke AdhAra para vidita hotA hai ki kavi saM0 1672 meM varSAvAsa samApta karake 1044 stambhoM ke advitIya jinamaMdira kA darzana karane ke lie rANakapura bhI gaye, parantu vApasa mer3atA A gaye the / jAlora meM pratiSThApita zrI jinakuzalasUri kI caraNa pAdukAoM meM aMkita abhilekha jJAta hotA hai ki kavi ne hI vi0 saM0 1675 meM una caraNapAdukAoM kI pratiSThA karavAI thI / rAjasthAna ke registAnI pradezoM meM padayAtrA karate hue ve vi0 saM0 1677 meM apanI janmabhUmi sAMcaura pahu~ce / yahIM unhoMne cAturmAsa kiyA aura 'sItArAma caupAI 3 jaisI viziSTa bhASA - kRti kA praNayana kiyA / 'sAMcora - tIrtha mahAvIra jinastavanam 4 se bodha hotA hai ki kavi cAturmAsa ke pazcAt bhI vahIM rhe| isa kAla meM unhoMne 'nirayAvalIsUtra' kA bIjaka likhA, jo yati nemicandra, bAr3amera ke saMgraha meM hai / vi0 saM0 1678 meM kavi ne AbU tIrtha kA darzana kiyA / ' zrI AbU AdIzvara bhAsa 5 se isa tathya kI jAnakArI prApta hotI hai / vi0 saM0 1679, bhAdrapada kRSNa ekAdazI ko kavi kA pAlanapura meM likhA 'paTTAvalI - patra' abhaya jaina granthAlaya, bIkAnera meM upalabdha hai| 'paTTAvalI - patra' meM prApta ullekhoM ke anusAra unhoMne yaha cAturmAsa pAlanapura meM kiyA thaa| valkalacIrI - caupAI, maunaekAdazI - stavana, gaNadharavasahI Adi jina stavana' 1. naladavadaMtI - rAsa, pariziSTa I, pRSTha 132 2. samayasundara kRti kusumAMjali, pRSTha 82-83 3. sAdUla risarca iMsTITyUTa, bIkAnera se prakAzita 4. samayasundara kRti kusumAMjali, pRSTha 205 - 206 5. vahI, pRSTha 78-80 6. valkalacIrI - caupAI, (10-5 ) 7. samayasundara kRti kusumAMjali, pRSTha 240-241 8. vahI, pRSTha 86-89

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samayasundara kA jIvana-vRtta 37 se spaSTa hotA hai ki unakA vi0 saM0 1681 kA cAturmAsa jaisalamera meM huA thaa| isI varSa ve laudravA tIrtha ke darzanArtha ge| laudravapura sahasraphaNA pArzvastavanam'' meM aisA nirdeza hai ki ve kArtika zuklA 15 ko laudravA pahu~ce the| vi0 saM0 1682, zrAvaNa vadi meM racita 'zatruJjaya-rAsa'2 kRti se pratIta hotA hai ki ve laudravA se hI saMghapati thAharu zAha dvArA nikAle gaye zatruJjaya tIrtha saMgha meM sammilita hue| vahA~ se unhoMne nAgaura kI ora padayAtrA kI aura vahIM para isa rAsa kA nirmANa kiyaa| vastupAla-tejapAla-rAsa'3 nAmaka racanA se vidita hotA hai ki isI varSa ve tivarI gye| 'SaDAvazyaka-bAlAvabodha' ke anusAra vi0 saM0 1683 meM kavi puna: jaisalamera gae the| isI sthAna aura isI varSa meM inake race hue 'bIkAnera cauvIsaTA cintAmaNi AdinAtha-stavana 4 tathA 'zrAvaka bAraha vrata kulaka5 -- ye aSTaka upalabdha haiN| 'santoSa chattIsI'6 ke AdhAra para spaSTa hotA hai ki vi0 saM0 1684 kA cAturmAsa kavi ne lUNakaraNasara meM kiyA thaa| yahA~ ke jaina samAja meM paraspara saMgaThana kA abhAva thaa| unake manomaila ko svaccha karane ke lie kavi ne 'santoSa-chattIsI' nAmadheyaka racanA banAkara pravacana ke rUpa meM sunAyI, jisase samAja meM zAnti aura prema sthApita ho gyaa| yahIM inhoMne 'duriyara-stotra-vRtti' kI racanA kii| isake atirikta isa varSa kI sAhityika sevAoM meM kalpasUtra para kalpalatA nAmaka TIkA kA prArambhIkaraNa, dIkSApratiSThA-zuddhi, vizeSa-saMgraha, vizaMvAda-zataka, bAraha vratarAsa Adi vizeSa ullekhanIya haiN| vi0 saM0 1685 meM ve riNI phuNce| 'yati-ArAdhanA' aura kalpasUtra kI kalpalatA-TIkA yahIM para pUrI kii| mahopAdhyAya samayasundara apanI pada-yAtrAoM ko tIrthayAtrA evaM dharmapracAra Adi kA mAdhyama banAkara saphala kara rahe the| vi0 saM0 1687 meM ve padayAtrAe~ karate hue pATaNa pahu~ce; 'jayatihuaNa-vRtti' aura 'bhaktAmara-stotra-subodhikA-vRtti isa bAta kI nirNAyaka hai| pATaNa se unhoMne ahamadAbAda kI ora vihAra kiyaa| aitihAsika granthoM ke AdhAra para vi0 saM0 1687 meM gujarAta-prAnta meM bhISaNa duSkAla par3A thaa| isakA A~khoM dekhA saccA 1. vahI, pRSTha 153-154 2. vahI, pRSTha 575-583 3. samayasundara kRti kusumAMjali, pRSTha 83-85 4. samayasundara kRti kusumAMjali, pRSTha 465-467 5. vahI, pRSTha 465-467 6. vahI, pRSTha 540-544 7. jayatihuaNa-vRtti, prazasti (1) 8. bhaktAmara-subodhikA-vRtti, prazasti, pRSTha 97-98

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38 mahopAdhyAya samayasundara : vyaktitva evaM kRtitva hAla kavi ne vizeSazataka kI prazasti meM, campaka- zreSThi- caupAI meM saMkSipta aura 'satyAsiyA duSkAla- chattIsI 2 meM vistRta rUpa meM varNita kiyA hai, jisakA paThana roma-roma meM kampana utpanna kara detA hai| aisA anubhava hotA hai jaise isa duSkAla meM hama bhI bhukta bhogI haiN| 'navatatvavRtti'3 se jAnakArI milatI hai ki vi0 saM0 1688 kA varSAvAsa kavi ne ahamadAbAda meM samApta kiyA / 'sthulibhadra - sajjhAya 4 nAmaka racanA kavi ne vi0 saM0 1689 meM ahamadAbAda meM hI racI thii| isakA tAtparya yaha hai ki unhoMne dUsarA varSAyoga bhI vahIM para vyatIta kiyA / vi0 saM0 1690 meM ve khaMbhAta gae / sarasvatI kI anukampA se unhoMne 'prastAva - savaiyA - chattIsI" aura 'kharataragaccha - paTTAvalI 6 kI racanA kI / prApta sAkSyoM ke AdhAra para parijJAta hotA hai ki kavi ne AgAmI cAturmAsa khaMbhAta ke samIpa khAravApAr3A nAmaka sthAna meM kiyA thA / vahA~ unhoMne 'AhAra saiMtAlIsa dosa - sajjhAya 7 tathA-- dazavaikAlika-sUtra- vRtti" kA nirmANa kiyA / vahA~ para ' thAvaccAsuta - RSi - caupAI 9 kI racanA kI, jo inakI kavitvazakti kI praur3hatA kA udAharaNa hai / vi0 saM0 1692 meM bhI ye khaMbhAta meM rahe aura vaizAkha mAha meM raghuvaMza mahAkAvya para 'arthalApanikA - vRtti 10 banAI / 'viharamAna vIsI stavanA 11 ke anusAra vi0 saM0 1693 meM kavivara vicaraNa karate hue ahamadAbAda pahu~ce / varSAvAsa yahIM para vyatIta kiyA, aisA saMketa ukta racanA se prApta hotA hai / kavivavara padayAtrI the| vAyu kI bhAMti apratibaddha vihArI banakara padayAtrAe~ karate hI jA rahe the / ina pada-yAtrAoM kA antima par3Ava kauna-sA hai, jJAta nhiiN| unakI kRtiyoM ko dhyAnapUrvaka dekhane se jAnakArI prApta hotI hai ki jaba taka unameM zArIrika bala thA, taba taka unhoMne dIrgha pada-yAtrAe~ kI / ve jidhara jAte, udhara hI unakA gantavya sthala rahatA thA - 1. samayasundara - rAsa-paMcaka, campaka- zreSThi- caupAI, pRSTha 97-98 2. samayasundara kRti kusumAMjali, pRSTha 501-515 3. navatattvavRtti, prazasti ( 1 ) 4. samayasundara kRti kusumAMjali, pRSTha 304-307 5. samayasundara kRti kusumAMjali, pRSTha 515-525 6. aprakAzita 7. samayasundara kRti kusumAMjali 8. dazavaikAlika - sUtravRtti, pRSTha 118 9. thAvacca suta - RSi - caupAI (2-10-20 ) 10. raghuvaMza - vRtti, prazasti (7-9) 11. samayasundara kRti kusumAMjali, pRSTha 39

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samayasundara kA jIvana-vRtta maMjila - vaMjila pUche kauna, calo jahA~ taka rastA jAe / ghATa kA patthara ghATa lage, bahatA pAnI bahatA jAe // 9 kavi pada-yAtrAe~ karate hue deza ke lagabhaga hara nagara aura hara kasbe meM gae the / 'jinacandrasUri-gItam' se jJAta hotA hai ki ve vi0 saM0 1694 meM jAlaura pahu~ce the / 'kSullakakumAra - caupAI 2 meM isa bAta kA spaSTa ullekha milatA hai ki yaha varSAyoga kavi ne jAlaura meM sampUrNa kiyA thA / 'vRttaratnAkaravRtti'3 bhI isI varSa racI gaI thI / vi0 saM0 1695 meM 'caMpaka- zreSThi- caupAI 4 banAI aura 'saptasmaraNa' para 'sukhabodhikA - vRtti likhii|'gautmpRcchaa-caupaaii 6 kI racanA ke ullekhAnusAra isI varSa ve pAlanapura ke nikaTa 'AkeTha' grAma bhI ge| yahA~ se prahlAdanapura Akara 'kalyANamaMdiravRtti " kI racanA kii| 'daMDaka vRtti" aura ' dhanadatta caupAI' kRtiyoM se vidita hotA hai ki ve vi0 saM0 1696 meM ahamadAbAda gaye / 14 kavi pada-yAtrAe~ karate hue atyanta vRddha ho cuke the| yadi unakA janma saM0 1610 meM huA mAnate haiM, to isa samaya kavi kI umra lagabhaga 86 varSa kI ho gayI thI / vRddhAvasthA evaM tajjanya azakti ke kAraNa pada-yAtrAe~ karate rahanA unake lie asambhava ho gayA thA / ataH kavi ne aba apanI pada-yAtrAoM ko sthagita kara diyA / isa prakAra hama dekhate haiM ki kavivara samayasundara pakSI kI bhAMti unmukta vihArI the| unhoMne bhArata ke vibhinna aMcaloM kA bhramaNa kiyaa| pUrva meM kAlakrama ke AdhAra para hamane jina-jina pada-yAtrAoM kA ullekha kiyA hai, vaha saba kavi kI kRtiyoM ke AdhAra para kiyA hai / katipaya kRtiyA~ isa prakAra kI bhI haiM, jinameM nagara kA nAmollekha to hai, parantu samaya kA nirdeza na hone se usakA vivaraNa nahIM diyA jA sakA / antataH sabhI racanAoM kA paryavekSaNa karane se yaha niSkarSa nikalatA hai ki kavi ne nimnalikhita pramukha sthAnoM kI pada-yAtrAe~ kI paMjAba : lAhaura, sarasapura, phirojapura, kasUra Adi / uttara pradeza : ugrasenapura, AgarA, bIbIpura, akabarapura, sikandarapura Adi / 1. uddhRta - sunaharA rAjasthAna, varSa 1, aMka 18, pRSTha 5 2. samayasundara kRti kusumAMjali, pRSTha 564-575 3. vRttaratnAkaravRtti, prazasti (2) 4. samayasundara - rAsa - paMcaka, pRSTha 101 5. saptasmaraNa - vRtti, pRSTha 51 6. gautamapRcchA - caupAI (1.5-6) 7. kalyANamaMdira - vRtti, prazasti 8. daMDaka - vRtti, prazasti (3) 39

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mahopAdhyAya samayasundara : vyaktitva evaM kRtitva saurASTra : zatruJjaya, saurIpura, nAgadraha, navAnagara, giranAra aadi| rAjasthAna : jaisalamera, amarasara, laudravA, vIramapura, sAMgAnera, cATasU, timarI, maMDovara, bIkAnera, nAla, riNI, DIDavAnA, jAlaura, nAgaura, laverA, mer3atA, mer3atAroDa (phalavarddhi pArzvanAtha), nAkor3A, setrAvA, varakANA, bilAr3A, sAMcora, ghaMghANI, naDulAi, AbU, acalagar3ha, delavAr3A, rANakapura, nalola, jIrAvalA, caMdavAri, lUNakaraNasara aadi| sindha : mulatAna, derAvara, uccanagara, siddhapura, maroTha aadi| gujarAta : pAlanapura, khaMbhAta, purimatAla, AMkeTa, IDara, pATaNa, bhar3akula, tAraMgA, devatA, zaMkhezvara, sairIsara, bhoDuA, kalikuMDa, gaur3I pArzvanAtha, kaMsArI, traMbAvatI, ajAharA, maMgalora, ahamadAbAda aadi| isake atirikta zrI mohanalAla dalIcaMda desAI ne kavi dvArA racita 'tIrthamAlAstavana' meM nirdiSTa sammeta zikhara, rAjagaha, kSatriyakuNDa, pAvApurI, campAnagarI Adi sthaloM meM pAda-bhramaNa karane kA anumAna kiyA hai, vaha upayukta nahIM hai| kAraNa, uparyukta sarva kSetra tIrtha ke rUpa meM prasiddha hai| kavivara samayasundara jisa-jisa tIrtha kA darzana karate haiM, vahA~ mukta hadaya se bhakti karate hue dikhAI par3ate haiN| unhoMne jina-jina tIrthoM kI yAtrAe~ kI, vahA~ ve sarvatra hI svatantra rUpa se nava-navIna stavana banAkara bhAva-arcana kiyA karate the| ata: yaha zakya nahIM ho sakatA hai ki kavi ina mahAn tIrthoM kI yAtrA karane jAe aura svatantra stavana na bnaae| kavi ne stavana-prasaMga meM ina tIrthoM kA ullekha mAtra kiyA hai| aisA pratIta hotA hai ki unhoMne ye tIrtha-sthAna prasiddha hone se evaM unakI mahanIyatA se prabhAvita hokara stava rUpa meM unheM namaskAra mAtra hI kiyA hai| 14. abhAva tathA saMgharSa 14.1 paravazatA - yaha eka prAkRtika niyama hai ki manuSya yauvana-avasthA aura praur3ha avasthA meM svayaM ke jJAna-bala, sattA-bala evaM prabhAva bala ke AdhAra para svAdhIna hokara jIvana-yApana karatA hai, lekina vahI vRddha-avasthA meM saMtAnoM se parAdhIna bana jAtA hai| mahopAdhyAya samayasundara bhI prakRti ke isa siddhAnta se aprabhAvita nahIM rahe / vAdI harSanandana kavi ke yazasvI vidvAn ziSya the| usa samaya kharataragaccha ke gaNanAyaka jinarAjasUri the tathA AcArya jinasAgarasUri the| vikrama saMvat 1686 meM vAdI harSanandana ke kAraNa ukta donoM AcAryoM ke pragAr3ha maitrI-sambandha meM manomAlinya A gyaa| yadyapi kavi isa manomAlinya ko samApta karane meM samartha the, lekina apane ziSya harSanandana ke haThAgraha ke Age ve vivaza ho gaye aura unheM ziSya kI icchAnusAra calane ko bAdhita honA pdd'aa| yahIM se kharataragaccha meM eka naI zAkhA 'AcArya-zAkhA' bnii| 1. jainasAhitya-saMzodhaka, aMka 3, kavivara samayasundara, pRSTha 18

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samayasundara kA jIvana-vRtta 41 14.2 dayanIya vRddhAvasthA - kavi kA jIvana dIkSA se praur3hAvasthA paryanta ati zAntimaya aura sukhamaya rahA thA / kavi ke bayAlIsa ziSya the, aisI janazruti hai / unameM se kaI to svayaM samartha, bahuzruta evaM prakANDa vidvAn the / unheM uttama zreNI kA prazikSaNa dilAne ke lie kavi ne asIma parizrama aura apanA sarvasva tyAga kiyA thA / jJAna ke sAtha gacchanAyakoM se kaha-kaha kara inheM padaviyoM se sammAnita bhI karavAyA thaa| ve hI ziSya kavi ko DhalatI Ayu meM parityAga karake cale gaye / jIvanabhara kavi svayaM svAvalambI rahe, parantu jaba vRddhAvasthA meM unheM vaiyAvRtya (sevA) ko AvazyakatA huI, taba ziSya hI chor3a gye| jo sAnnidhya meM rahe the, ve bhI kavi ke hRdaya kI vyathA se anabhijJa the / duHkha ke samaya hone vAlI vikalatAoM se kavi kA antas dravita ho uThA / ve una sAdhuoM ko, jinake ziSya parivAra nahIM haiM, sambodhita karate hue kahate haiM 1 celA tahIM tau ma karau cintA dIsai ghaNai cele paNi dukkha / saMtAna kami huA ziSya bahulA, paNi samayasundara na pAyau sukkha // kei muyA gayA paNi kei kei juyA rahai paradeza | pAsi rahai te pIDa na jANai, kahiyau ghaNau tau thAyau kilesa // 1 - vRddhAvasthA ke kaSToM yA duHkhoM meM ziSyoM meM sevA-bhAvanA kA abhAva dekhakara nirAza evaM hatotsAha hokara kavi samayasundara anicchApUrvaka bhI apanI marmavyathA ko 'guruduHkhita- vacanam ' Adi udgIthoM meM vyakta karate haiN| ve kahate haiM atyanta kleza evaM duHkha uThAkara tathA apavAda mArga kA sevana karake bhI maiMne jisa ziSya - samudAya ko ekatrita kiyA, yadi vaha guru kI bhakti-sevA nahIM karatA, to aise nirarthaka ziSyoM se kyA prayojana hai? maiMne Atma-pravaMcanA karake apane ziSyoM kA usI prakAra pAlana-poSaNa kiyA, jisa prakAra mAtA-pitA putra kA pAlana-poSaNa karate haiN| maiMne sabhI zreya karmoM kA parityAga karake, duHkha uThAkara bhI yatnapUrvaka ziSyoM ko adhyayana kraayaa| ziSyoM ko apanAte samaya mohavaza samAja ke upAlambha bhI sahana kiye aura unheM mokSamArga para agrasara karane kA satat prayAsa kiyaa| unheM gItArtha banAyA / tarka, vyAkaraNa, kAvya prabhRti vidyAoM meM unheM pAraMgata kiyA, kintu itane para bhI yadi ziSya gurubhakta nahIM haiM, to aise ziSya nirarthaka haiM / kavi kA kathana hai ki yadyapi mere ziSyoM ne Agama nigama ke siddhAntoM kA yathArtha jJAna prApta kara liyA hai, acche vaktA ke rUpa meM sarvatra yaza arjita kara liyA hai, jaina-jainetara samAja meM ve mAnanIya ho gaye haiM; lekina ve guru kI AjJAoM kA anusaraNa nahIM karate haiM, to aise yazasvI ziSya bhI guru ke lie anupayogI aura nirarthaka hI haiM / 1. samayasundara kRti kusumAMjali, guru duHkhita vacanam, (1.2) pRSTha 420

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42 mahopAdhyAya samayasundara : vyaktitva evaM kRtitva ___ jo ziSya lokalajjA kI bhI paravAha nahIM karate, aisI paristhiti meM apanA kRta karma-phala samajha kara hI mujhe AtmatoSa dhAraNa karanA caahie| 11.3 duSkAla kA sAmanA - prakRti sadaya hokara hameM mukta hAtha se dhana-dhAnyAdi detI hai| jaba taka prakRti sadaya hai, tabhI taka hamArI sampannatA hai| hamArA astitva hI prakRti kI kRpA para nirbhara hai| mahopAdhyAya samayasundara ke samaya meM gujarAta pradeza ko prakRti ke eka bhArI prakopa kA sAmanA karanA pdd'aa| duSkAla isa prakopa kA hI to apara nAma hai| isa bure vakta kI mAra kavi para bhI bahuta adhika pdd'ii| isa akAla ne kavi ke jIvana meM eka ajIba mor3a lA diyaa| unake jIvana ko karuNa aura dayanIya banA diyaa| kavivara vicalita ho utthe| yaha akAla gosAI tulasIdAsa ke golokavAsa ke sirpha sAta varSa bAda huA thaa| vikrama saMvat 1687 kA yaha duSkAla anya duSkAloM se jyAdA bhayaMkara thaa| samayasundara ke pUrva bhI vIra saMvat 980 meM bAraha varSa kA bhISaNa duSkAla par3A thA, jisakA varNana karate hue kavi ne likhA hai ki isa akAla meM bahuta sAre sAdhuoM kA nAza huA aura bahuzrutoM kA viccheda huaa| samayasundara ne vi0 saM0 1687 ke duSkAla kA AMkhoM dekhA hAla varNita kiyA hai| samasAmayika evaM bhuktabhogI hone ke kAraNa isa duSkAla sambandhita racanAe~ atyanta mArmika bana par3I haiM / AcArya hajArIprasAda dvivedI ke anusAra kavi ne isa akAla kA bar3A hI hRdaya-drAvaka aura jIvanta varNana kiyA hai| __ prANi-jagat meM anna hI mukhya hai| anna hI manuSyoM kA prANa hai aura anna meM hI saba pratiSThita haiN| durbhikSa meM anna kA abhAva ho gyaa| anna ke binA manuSya kaise jI sakatA hai? sAre pradeza meM trAhi-trAhi maca gii| isa anna ko prApta karane ke lie hara vyakti bhikhArI banA huA thaa| peTa kI bhUkha ko zAMta karane ke lie sabhI ne apanI pratiSThA aura AdarzoM ko eka kinAre rakha diyaa| jo dhanavAn vyakti the, ve bhI kevala zAlitUSa (bhUsI) kI roTI banA-banAkara khAte haiN| kavivara samayasundara svayaM kahate haiM adha pA na lahe anna bhalA nara thayA bhikhArI, mUkI dIdhau mAna, peTa piNa bharai na bhaarii| pamADiyAnA pAna, kei vagarau naiM kAMTI, khAve khejar3a choDa, zAlitUsa sabalA baaNttii| annakaNa cuNai ke aiM Thi meM, pIyai aiMThi pusalI bhrii|| 1. samayasundara kRti kusumAMjali, guru duHkhitavacanam, pRSTha 417-419 2. samAcArI-zataka 3. samayasundara kRti kusumAMjali, bhUmikA, pRSTha 7 4. satyAsiyA-duSkAla-varNana-chattIsI (8)

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samayasundara kA jIvana-vRtta annadAna prApta karane ke lie sabhI ne apane pArasparika sambandha tor3a die| pati ko bhI patnI utanI priya nahIM rahI, jitanA priya use anna ho gayA thaa| aneka manuSya to apane ghara Adi kA tyAga karake anya rAjyoM meM cale gaye - mAMTI muMko mANasa ghaNA, mukyA baharai paNi mATI, beTe mukyA bApa, catura detAM je caaNttii| bhAI mukI bhaiNa, bhaiNi piNa muMkyA bhaai| adhiko vhAlo anna, gai sahu kuTumba sgaai| gharabAra muMkI mANasa ghaNA, paradezai gayA paadhraa| samayasundara kahai satyAsIyA, tehI na rAkhyA aadhraa| usa samaya kI gurjarabhUmi yuddhabhUmi bana gayI thii| durbhikSa-yoddhA ke sammukha sabhI parAjita ho gye| usane bar3I hI krUratA se gujarAta ke nAgarikoM kA saphAyA kiyA thaa| mRtaka itane adhika ho gaye ki unakA koI antyeSTi-saMskAra karane vAlA nahIM thaa| ataH cAroM ora mRtakoM ke zarIroM se durgandha hI durgandha phailI huI thii| zAyada isa dRzya se yamarAja bahuta prasanna huA hogA - mUA ghaNA manaSya, rAMka galie raDavaDiyA, sojo valyau zarIra, pachai pAja mAhe paDiyA, kAlai kavaNa valAi, kuNa upADaya kiMhA kAThI, tANI nAkhyA teha, mAMDi thai sagalI maatthii| duragaMdhi daso disi uchalI, maDA paDyA dIsai muaa| samayasundara kahai satyAsIyA, kiNa gharai na paDyA kukuaa||2 isa akAla ne kitane hI mUrdhanya aura gItArtha AcAryoM ko bhI apanA kaura banAyA thaa| isalie kavi ne isa durbhikSa ko bhayaMkara hatyArA kahA hai - siradAra ghaNerA saMharyA, gItAratha giNatI nhiiN| samayasundara kahai satyAsIyA, tuM hatiyArau sAlo shii|| duSkAlagrasta hara mAnava dohare saMgharSoM se gujara rahA thA - eka bAhya aura dUsarA Antarika / bAhya saMgharSoM ke kAraNa usakA jIvana azAnta aura aparAdhapUrNa thA, to Antarika saMgharSoM ke kAraNa usakA mAnasa tanAvayukta/vikSubdha thaa| udarapUrti ke alAvA usake mAnasa meM na to AtmakalyANa kA bhAva thA aura na hI paraduHkha-kAtaratA kA bhaav| jo deva, guru, evaM dharma ke prati zraddhA rakhate the aura unake paramapujArI bane hue the, ve bhI unase vimukha ho 1. vahI (9) 2. satyAsiyA-duSkAla-varNana-chattIsI (17) 3. vahI (18)

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44 mahopAdhyAya samayasundara : vyaktitva evaM kRtitva gaye / devAlaya zmazAnavat zUnyAlaya bana gaye the / dharma-pravacana AcAryoM ke pAsa hI raha gaye the aura pratikramaNa-sUtra pustakoM meM hI / kavivara spaSTa kahate haiM. paDikamaNau posAla, karaNa ko zrAvaka nAvai, deharA sagalA dITha, gIta gaMdharva na gAvai, ziSya bhaNai nahIM zAstra, mukha bhUkhai macakoDai, guruvaMdaNa gai rIti, chatI prIta mAnasa chor3ai / vakhANa khANa mAThA paDyA, gaccha caurAsI ehI gati, samayasundara kahai satyAsIyA, kAi dIdhI taI e kumati // 1 deva na pUjai dehare re, paDikamaNa nahIM posAla / sithala thayA zrAvaka sahU re, jatI paDyA jaMjAla // 2 samayasundara kahate haiM ki jo zramaNopAsaka - zrAvaka apane zramaNoM ko punaH punaH nimaMtraNa dekara AhAracaryA ke lie bulAte the aura AhAra- dAna dene ke pazcAt hI svayaM bhojana grahaNa karate the, ve Aja darzana bhI nahIM dete haiM / unake zraddhAbhAva samApta ho gaye haiM / isalie sabhI sampradAyoM ke sAdhuoM kI avasthA bhojana prApta na hone se bar3I hI dayanIya bana gayI hai aura bhI kahA hai jatIyAM nai deI jImatA re, UbhA rahatA ADi / tau bhAva tihAM rahyA re, jImatA jaDai kimADi // dAna na ke dIpatA re, sahu baiThA sata chAMDi / bhIkha na dyai ko bhAvasuM re, dyai to duHkha dikhADi // 3 ghara teDI ghaNI vAra, bhagavAna nA pAtrA bharatA, bhAgA te sahu bhAva, nipaTa thayA vahiraNa niratA, jimatA jaDai kimANa, kahai savAra chai keI, ghai pherA dasa pA~ca, jatI niTha lAyai leI // 4 kavi ne eka aura satya prakaTa kiyA hai ki jina sAdhuoM ko ziSya banAne kI jitanI bhUkha thI, unhoMne isa durbhikSa meM utanA hI adhika lAbha uThAyA thA / sadgRhasthoM kI anicchA hote hue bhI aneka anAtha baccoM ko pravrajita kara unhoMne apanI jamAta bar3hAI thI 1 vahI (15) 2. campaka zreSThi- caupAI, (6.12) 3. campaka zreSThi- caupAI, (6.10 - 11) 4. satyAsiyA - duSkAla - varNana - chattIsI (14)

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samayasundara kA jIvana-vRtta lAdhau jatIe lAga, mUMDI naI mAMhai liidhaa| huMtI jitarI huMsa, tIe titarAhija kIdhA // 1 bAraha varSa ke isa bhayaMkara durbhikSa meM deza ke aneka dharmAnurAgI dhanI vyaktiyoM ne mukta hAtha se akAla-pIr3itoM kI sahAyatA kii| unakI kavi ne bhArI anumodanA kI hai| kavi ke ullekhAnusAra zAntidAsa, sAgara, kuMvarajI, karamasI, ratana, vacharAja, Udo, jIvau sukhIyo, vIrajI, manajI kezava, sUrajI zAha, jinasAgara, hAthI zAha (zAha laTUko), sAdulaTTakakau, pratApasI, varddhamAna, tilokasI bhAI, pratApasI sAha, sAmaladAsa, jayatAraNiu, zrI mAlI, thirAdare Adi aneka puruSoM ne roTI, kapar3A, makAna ityAdi kA akAlapIr3itoM ko anupama dAna dekara Atmaupaumya kA vistAra aura puNya kA upArjana kiyA thaa| bhISaNa akAla par3ane ke kAraNa lalitaprabhasUri, zAlivADIyausUri, jasavaMtasUri, kesavasUri Adi aneka AcArya mRtyu ko prApta ho gaye; parantu kavivara akAla se satata saMgharSa karate rhe| yahA~ taka ki unhoMne apane zAstra, paridhAna aura pAtra taka kA bhI vikraya kara karake isa akAla kA sAmanA kiyaa| yaha dazA usa samaya sarvasAdhAraNa kI thii| ataH samayasundara ne bhI ziSyoM ke moha meM akaraNIya kArya kiye, kintu ve hI ziSya kavi ko chor3akara dUra cale gye| duSkAla, vRddhapana evaM ziSyoM dvArA upekSA yA tyAga - ina tInoM se samayasundara vicalita ho utthe| ve spaSTa kahate haiM - cele kIdhI cAla, pUjya parigraha parahau chaaNddu| pustaka, pAnA beci, jima tima amhanaI jiivaaddu| vastra, pAtra beci karI, ketauka to kAla kaaddhiiyu||2 isa prakAra hama dekhate haiM ki kavi ke jIvana ke antima kSaNa aneka saMgharSoM se santrasta rhe| eka ora parAdhInatA, dUsarI ora dayanIya vRddhAvasthA aura tIsarI ora duSkAla kA sAmanA -ina tInoM kA asama sAmanA kavi ko antima jIvana meM karanA par3A thaa| 15. kriyoddhAra kriyoddhAra kA abhiprAya hai - 'aacaar-sNskaar'| jisa prakAra bhASA meM kisI prakAra kI asaMgati, bhaddApana Adi dUra karake use ziSTa aura sundara rUpa dene para bhASA kA saMskAra hotA hai, usI prakAra AcaraNa Adi kA pariSkaraNa tathA saMzodhana karanA kriyoddhAra kahalAtA hai| manuSya paristhiti yA pariveza ke kAraNa apane jIvana-mUlyoM evaM zAstramaryAdAnukUla AcaraNa se patita ho jAtA hai| jaba vaha apane Adarza ke prati niSThA ko sudRr3ha banAte hue punaH AgamAnukUla AcaraNa karane kA nizcaya karatA hai, to yahI kriyoddhAra hotA 1. vahI (10) 2. satyAsiyA-duSkAla-varNana-chattIsI (13)

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46 mahopAdhyAya samayasundara : vyaktitva evaM kRtitva hai| isa taraha patita jIvana kA punaH saMskAra yA parizodhana kara AcaraNa ko nirmala banAnA hI kriyoddhAra kahA jAtA hai| duSkAla se mukta hone para mahopAdhyAya samayasundara yaha anubhava karate haiM ki hamane Agamika kathana se viparIta AcaraNa kiyA hai| ataH hameM sAdhu-jIvana ke ucca mUlyoM ke AdarzoM ko punaH svIkAra karanA caahiye| isI uddezya se kavi ne kriyoddhAra karane kA socaa| paravartI kaviyoM ke ullekhoM se jJAta hotA hai ki samayasundara ne vi0 saM0 1691 meM yaha 'kriyoddhAra' kiyA thaa| 16. vyaktitva mahopAdhyAya samayasundara ke Adi se anta taka kI lagabhaga sabhI ghaTanAoM kA varNana hamane upalabdha aitihAsika sAkSyoM ke AdhAra para prastuta karane kA prayAsa kiyA hai| unake jIvana-caritra ko eka samIkSaka dRSTi se dekhane para unake vyaktitva kI garimA hameM prabhAvita kiye binA nahIM rahatI hai| kavivara samayasundara bhavya puruSa the| unakI bhavyatA AdhyAtmikatA aura vidvatA se samanvita thii| ataH ve bahumukhI pratibhA ke dhanI the| Aja unakA kRtitva hI unake vyaktitva kI stuti karane kA mAdhyama hai| samayasundara ke mahAn vyaktitva ke bAre meM DaoN0 satyanArAyaNa svAmI ne likhA hai ki kAvya kI niravacchinna pIyUSadhArA se abhiSikta hone ke kAraNa mahAkavi kI kRtiyA~ mahAn haiM, para unase bhI adhika mahAna hai unakA bhavya vyktitv| unake vyaktitva kA pratyeka pArzva sarvAMga sundara hai| kavi kI racanAoM se jJAta hotA hai ki ve svabhAva se sarala, virakta, nirabhimAnI, vivekavAn, parama zraddhAlu, adhyayanazIla, pratibhApuMja, krAntikArI, sAmpradAyika samabhAvI, lokapriya pravacanakAra evaM janakavi the| yahA~ hama upalabdha sAkSyoM ke AdhAra para samayasundara ke vyaktitva ke katipaya mahatvapUrNa pahaluoM kI carcA kreNge| 16.1 jJAna-gAmbhIrya - samayasundara prajJA-puruSa the| unakI buddhi adhyayana, abhyAsa, nirIkSaNa Adi ke dvArA pariSkRta, vikasita evaM saMskRta thii| unameM anubhava, pAMDitya tathA vicArazIlatA kA prakAzamAn sammizraNa thaa| isIlie ve sabhI bAtoM, tattvoM yA viSayoM kA vAstavika rUpa zIghra aura sahaja meM samajha lete the| prajJA prakarSaH prAgvATe'- yaha ukti bhI 1. sakalacanda gurusAnidhi kIdhI, satyAsiyai tana thayau jyaaNn| samayasundara kahai hivahUM karisyuM, utkRSTI karaNI dhrmdhyaan|| - prastAva savaiyA-chattIsI (36) 2. kIdho kriyA uddhAra saMvata sAle ho, ikkANu sme| - naladavadantI-rAsa, pariziSTa I; rAjasomakRta mahopAdhyAya samayasundara gItam, pRSTha 133 3. mahAkavi samayasundara aura unakI rAjasthAnI racanAe~, pRSTha 47

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samayasundara kA jIvana-vRtta unakI utkarSa, prajJAzIlatA kA paricaya detI hai| unheM jainasaMgha dvArA pradatta gaNi, vAcaka/ vAcanAcArya, upAdhyAya, mahopAdhyAya prabhRti upAdhiyA~ bhI unakI jJAna-garimA evaM prajJAprakarSatA ko ujAgara karatI haiN| samayasundara ke samagra sAhitya kA samyak avalokana karane para jJAta hotA hai ki unakA jJAna bahuvidha thaa| sambhavataH eka bhI viSaya aisA nahIM, jo unase aspRSya rahA ho| eka vyaktitva meM itane vistRta jJAna kI avatAraNA vAstava meM vilakSaNa aura Azcaryajanaka bAta hai| vyAkaraNa, sAhitya, bhASA-zAstra, chanda, nyAya, jyotiSa, vidhi-vidhAna, siddhAnta, itihAsa, Agama ityAdi vividha viSayoM kA unheM vipula jJAna thaa| ve zAstra-siddhAntoM ke to jJAtA the hI, sAtha hI sAtha unheM loka vyavahArika jJAna bhI thaa| DA0 satyanArAyaNa svAmI likhate haiM, 'yadi yaha kahA jAya ki mahAkavi (samayasundara) kI kRtiyoM meM varNita unakI laghutA mAtra kavi-prathA kA pAlana hI thI, to yaha atyukti na hogii| vastuta: ve vidvAn manISI the| unakA jJAna-parisara ati vizAla thaa| 'loke-vede ca' sarvatra unakI samAna gati thii| zAstrIyajJAna ke atirikta mahAkavi vyAvahArika aura prAtibha jJAna ke prakANDa paM0 (paNDita) the| samayasundara ke jJAnagAmbhIrya ko hama unhIM ke kRtitva ke AdhAra para prakaTa kreNge| unheM zAstrIya aura vyAvahArika - donoM prakAra kA jJAna thaa| ataH hama donoM para prakAza ddaaleNge| 16.1.1 zAstrIya jJAna- samayasundara kA zAstrIyajJAna gahanatama thaa| jaina zAstroM aura unake siddhAntoM kA unheM gaharAI se jJAna thaa| 'visaMvAda-zataka' meM unhoMne jaina zAstroM meM prApta vividha asaMgatiyoM kA varNana kiyA hai| vizeSa-saMgraha, vicAra-zataka, phuTakara praznottara, praznottara-sAra-saMgraha aura vizeSa-zataka Adi kRtiyoM dvArA bhI unake saiddhAntika jJAna kA gAmbhIrya prakaTa hotA hai| AgamoM aura usase itara jaina zAstroM meM aise aneka prasaMga haiM, jo pUrvAparavirodhI evaM tarka se asaMgatipUrNa jaise lagate haiN| samayasundara ne aise prasaMgoM kA apanI prajJA-prakarSatA ke bala para samyak samAdhAna prastuta karate hue sabhI pUrvAparavirodhI vyaktavyoM meM tarkasiddha sAmaMjasya sthApita kiyaa| vastutaH aisA mahattvapUrNa kArya koI viziSTa siddhAntavid hI kara sakatA hai| isI taraha 'samAcArI-zataka' evaM 'sandeha-dolAvalI-paryAya' dvArA unakA vidhividhAna sambandhI jJAna-gAmbhIrya prakaTa hotA hai| maMgalavAda' nAmaka grantha unake nyAyazAstrIya jJAna para acchA prakAza DAlatA hai| samayasundara jyotiSavettA bhI the| kalpasUtra kI kalpalatATIkA, gAthA-sahasrI aura vizeSa-zataka meM prApta jyotiSa-sambandhI sUkSmatama tathyoM se yaha bAta spaSTa ho jAtI hai| 'dIkSA-pratiSThA-zuddhi' to pUrNarUpeNa jyotiSa se sambandhita hai| 1. mahAkavi samayasundara aura unakI rAjasthAnI racanAe~, pRSTha 50

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mahopAdhyAya samayasundara : vyaktitva evaM kRtitva samayasundara ko vyAkaraNa-viSayaka gahanatama jJAna thaa| aSTalakSI' nAmaka apanI kRti meM unhoMne jo anekArtha kiye haiM, ve sabhI prAyaH vyAkaraNa-sambandhI niyamoM para AdhArita haiN| unake dvArA vivecita vaiyAkaraNa grantha -sArasvata vRtti, sArasvata-rahasya, liMgAnuzAsana-avacUrNi, aniTkArikA, sArasvatIya-zabda-rUpAvalI aura veTthapadavivecanA - unake viziSTa vaiyAkaraNa jJAna ke dyotaka haiN| unake sAhitya meM prApta ullekhoM se vidita hotA hai ki unhoMne pANinIya vyAkaraNa, siddhahemacandrazabdAnuzAsana, kalApavyAkaraNa, sArasvata-vyAkaraNa, viSNuvArtika Adi vaiyAkaraNa granthoM kA adhyayana kiyA thaa| samayasundara eka zabda ke aneka artha karane meM siddhahasta the| eka zabda ke vividha prakAra se anekArtha prakaTa karanA unakI apanI vizeSatA thii| isa sambandha meM unakI anekArthI kRtiyoM meM 'aSTalakSmI' kA nAma ullekhanIya hai| yaha unake prakhara pANDitya kI pratinidhi kRti hai| isameM unhoMne 'rAjA no dadate saukhyam' - ina ATha akSaroM ke dasa lAkha se adhika artha prastuta kara vidvat-samAja ko camatkRta kara diyaa| prastuta grantha akhila vizva meM eka vilakSaNa ratna mAnA jAtA hai| samayasundara ne isa grantha ke praNayana se pUrva aneka koSoM kA bhI gaThana kiyA hai| unhoMne isa kRti meM nimnalikhita koSoM kA ullekha kiyA hai - abhidhAna cintAmaNi-nAmamAlA koSa, dhanaMjaya-nAmamAlA, hemacandrAcArya kRta anekArtha-saMgraha, tilakAnekArtha, amara-ekAkSarI-nAmamAlA, vizvazambhu-ekAkSarInAmamAlA, sudhAkalaza-ekAkSarI-nAmamAlA, varuruci-ekAkSarI-nighaMTu-nAmamAlA, jaya sundarasUri kRta ekAkSarI-nAmamAlA aadi| isI taraha samayasundara sAhitya aura kAvyazAstroM ke bhI jJAtA the| chandoM aura alaMkAroM kA bhI unheM acchA jJAna thaa| 'bhAvazataka' ke alAvA anya sabhI kRtiyoM se ukta bAta kA saMketa milatA hai| hArabandha, zrRMgATakabandha Adi duSkara chandoM ko bhI unhoMne vyavahRta kiyA hai| samayasundara saMgIta-zAstrajJa bhI the| unhoMne lagabhaga 70 rAgoM aura 300 deziyoM kA prayoga kiyA hai| samayasundara kI jJAnagarimA ko ujAgara karane vAlI eka anya ullekhanIya vizeSatA hai - vividha bhASAoM kA jJAna / ve saMskRta, prAkRta, prAcIna hindI, rAjasthAnI, gujarAtI, sindhI Adi bhASAoM meM pravINa the| unhoMne bhASA-zAstra se sambandhita 'rUpakamAlA' nAmaka grantha para eka sundara vyAkhyA bhI likhI hai| isa prakAra hama dekhate haiM ki samayasundara kA zAstrIya jJAna bahuAyAmI evaM vipula thaa|

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49 samayasundara kA jIvana-vRtta 16.1.2 vyAvahArika jJAna - samayasundara ke sAhitya se aisA pratIta hotA hai ki unheM apekSita vyAvahArika jJAna thaa| unhoMne bhArata ke vividha aMcaloM meM bhramaNa kiyA thaa| loka-darzana karane ke kAraNa unakA vyAvahArika jJAna uccatara ho gayA thaa| unake upadezaparaka sAhitya meM unake vyAvahArika jJAna kA sahajataH darzana hotA hai| muni hote hue bhI unhoMne kucheka aisI sUkSma bAtoM kA bhI aMkana kiyA hai, jo unake loka yA vyavahAra-jJAna para acchA prakAza DAlatI haiM / udAharaNArtha prastuta hai, garbhavatI strI ke lakSaNoM ke prati kavi kA kathana - garbhaliMga paragaTa thayA, pAMDu gAla prkaar| thaNa mukhi zyAma paNo thayo, guru nitaMba gati mNd| nayana sanehAlA thayA, mukhi amRta rasa biNd||1 kavi ne eka vyAvahArika Adarza prastuta kiyA hai - saMgata tesuM kIjiye, jala sarikhA huA jeha; AvaTaNuM ApaNi sahai, dUdha na dAjhaNa deya // 2 isa prakAra hama pAte haiM ki samayasundara ke jJAna kA kSetra atyanta vistRta thaa| unake sAhitya meM zAstrIya aura vyAvahArika - ina donoM prakAra ke jJAna kI sthiti se dhArmikatA aura bhautikatA kA sammizraNa ekaniSTha-sA pratIta hotA hai| unakI AsthAoM, AdarzoM tathA vicAroM ko hama AgAmI adhyAyoM meM vizleSita kreNge| 16.2 bhakti-pravaNatA - jJAna, bhakti aura karma - ye tIna sAdhanA ke mukhya mArga haiN| samayasundara kevala jJAnI hI nahIM the, apitu bhakta evaM karmazIla bhI the| jJAna aura bhakti meM avinAbhAvI sambandha hai| isIlie jainadharma jJAna-pradhAna hote hue bhI bhakti kI upekSA nahIM karatA hai| jaina dharma meM jJAna ke sAtha zraddhAn honA nitAnta anivArya hai aura Adarza puruSoM ke prati hone vAlI zraddhA hI bhakti hai| hemacandrAcArya ne bhI bhakti ko zraddhA hI kahA hai| isIlie sambhavataH koI jainAcArya aisA nahIM, jisane bhagavAna ke caraNoM meM bhakti se otaprota stuti-stotroM ke sumana na car3hAye hoN| samayasundara kA hRdaya zraddhA aura bhakti se abhibhUta thaa| sabhI AdarzoM aura Adarza puruSoM ke prati unakI parama zraddhA aura bhakti-bhAvanA thii| ve jJAnI to the hI, sAtha hI bhakti-bhAvanA kA samAveza ho jAne se unake antarvyaktitva kA saundarya aura bhI nikhara utthaa| apanI isa bhakti kI abhivyakti ke lie unhoMne vividha tIrtha-yAtrAe~ kii| jina tIrthoM meM ve gae, vahA~ ke tIrthanAyaka ke caraNoM meM unhoMne unmukta bhAvapUrNa stavanoM ke puSpa bhI arpita kiye| 1. sItArAma-caupAI (8, 3.1-2) 2. samayasundara kRti kusumAMjali, zrI nemijinastavanam, pRSTha 114-15 3. AcArya hemacandra, prAkRta vyAkaraNa (2.159)

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50 mahopAdhyAya samayasundara : vyaktitva evaM kRtitva tIrtha-sthaloM meM kavi kA mana-mayUra nAca uThatA thaa| vimalagiri (zatrujaya) tIrtha ke prati ve vizeSa mohita the| prastuta hai nimnalikhita paMktiyoM meM isa tIrtha ke prati bhakti kI parAkASThA para pahu~cAtI huI unakI vyakta antarbhAvanAe~ - kyoM na bhaye hama mora vimalagiri, kyoM na bhaye hama mora // kyoM na bhaye hama zItala pAnI, sIMcata taruvara chor| ahaniza jinajI ke aMga pakhAlata, tor3ata karama kaThora // kyoM na bhaye hama bAvana caMdana, aura kesara kI chor| kyoM na bhaye hama mogarA mAlatI, rahate jinajI ke maur|| kyoM na bhaye hama mRdaMga jhAlariyA, karata madhura dhvani dhor| " jinajI ke Agala nRtya suhAvata, pAvata zivapura Thaura // 1 samayasundara kI bhakti-bhAvanA yadyapi sabhI jinendroM ke prati thI, kintu RSabhadeva, pArzvanAtha, mahAvIra aura sImandhara-svAmI to unake hRdaya-maMdira meM pratiSThApita hI the| ve apane ko dvija-mIta (sudAmA) batAkara bhagavAn mahAvIra se yAcanA karate haiM - e mahAvIra mo kachu dehi dAnaM, hUM dvija-mIta tUM dAtA prdhaan| . jaba kavi ke hRdaya se bhakti-stotra phUTatA hai, to ve kahIM para paMkha na hone ke kAraNa apane ArAdhya taka na pahu~ca sakane kI zikAyata karate haiM aura apanI vivazatA darzAte haiM, to kahIM svayaM na pahu~ca sakane kI vedanA vyakta karate hue paramAtmA ko svapna meM darzana dene kI prArthanA karate haiM aura kahIM candra Adi ke dvArA apanA bhItarI sandeza preSita karate haiN| isI sambandha meM prastuta hai, sImandhara svAmI ke prati unake udgAra -- cAMdaliyA saMdesar3o jI, kahaje sImandhara svaam| bharatakSetra nA mAnavI jI, nita uTha karai re praNAma // rAya ne vhAlA ghor3alA jI, vepArI ne vhAlA chai daam| amha ne vhAlA sImaMdhara svAmI, jima sItA ne raam|| nahIM mAMgUMprabhu rAja-Rddhi jI, nahIM mAMgU grnth-bhNddaar| hUM mAMgUM prabhU etalo jI, tuma pAse avatAra // deva na dIdhI pAMkhar3I jI, kima kari Aq hajUra / mujaro mhArau mAnajo jI, praha ugamate sUra // 3 samayasundara kI darzanAbhIpsA evaM AtmoddhAra kI utkaNThA ati tIvra thii| kucha paMktiyAM aura prastuta haiM, jinase unake Antarika vyaktitva evaM bhakti kA bodha hotA hai| 1. samayasundara kRti kusumAMjali, vimalAcala maNDana Adi-jinastavana, pRSTha 77 2. samayasundara kRti kusumAMjali, caubIsI, vIra-jinastavana, pRSTha 14 3. samayasundara kRti kusumAMjaji, zrI sImaMdharajinastavana, (2,6-9), pRSTha 46

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* samayasundara kA jIvana-vRtta vIra suNau morI vInatI, kara jor3I ho kahu~ mananI bAta / bAlaka nI pari vInavuM, morA sAmI ho tuma tribhuvana tAta // tuma darisaNa vina huM bhamyau, bhava mAhi ho sAmI samudra majhAra / dukha anaMtA maI sahyA, te kahitAM ho kima AvaI pAra // para upagArI tUM prabhu, duHkha bhaMjai ho jaga dIna dayAla / tiNa torau caraNeM hu~ Aviyau, sAmI mujha naI ho nija nayaNa nihAla // aparAdhI piNa UdharyA, taMi kIdhI ho karuNA morA sAma / hU~ to parama bhakta tAharau, tiNa tArau ho navi DhIla no kAma // sUdhau saMjama navi palai, nahiM tehavau ho muja darasaNa nANa / paNa AdhAra chai etalau, eka torau ho dharuM nizcala dhyAna // meha mahItala varasatau, navi jovai ho sama visamI ThAma / giruyA sahije guNa karai, sAmI sArau ho morA vAMchita kAma // tuma nAma sukha saMpadA, tuma nAma ho duHkha jAvai dUra / tuma nAmaM vaMchita phalai, tuma nAmaI ho mujha ANaMda pUra // jainadharma meM bhakti-bhAvanA ke AdhAra para tIrthaGkara nAmakarma kA bandha svIkAra kiyA gayA hai / bhaktakavi samayasundara isIlie bhAvavihvala hokara bhakti kI tanmayatA meM hara janma meM prabhu-bhakti cAhate haiM - tuma darasaNa ho mujha ANaMda pUra ki, jima jagi caMda ckordd'aa| tuma darasaNa ho mujha mana ucharaMga ki, meha Agama jima morar3A // tuma nAmai ho mArA pApa pulAi ki, jima dina ugai cordd'aa| tuma nAmai ho sukha saMpati thAya ki, mana vaMchita phalai morar3A // hU~ mAMgU ho hiva avihar3a prema ki, nita-nita karuya nihorar3A / mujha dejyo ho sAmI bhava-bhava seva ki, caraNa na choDUM toharA // X X X tUM gati tUM mati tUM dhaNI jI, tUM sAhiba tUM deva / ANa dharUM sira tAharI jI, bhava-bhava tAharI seva // 3 51 samayasundara ne bhagavad svarUpa ko to mukhyataH bhakti kA AdhAra svIkAra kiyA hI hai, sAtha hI sAtha bAlyakrIr3A ko bhI bhakti kA eka aMga mAnA hai| isa sambandha meM kucha padya avalokanIya haiM - 9. vahI, mahAvIra - jina - vijJapti-stavana (1 - 4, 16-18), pRSTha 202--4 2. samayasundara kRti kusumAMjali, zrI amarasara-maMDana - zItalanAtha - bRhatstavana, pRSTha 99-100 3. vahI, AloyaNAgarbhita zrI zatruMjayamaNDana AdinAtha stavana pRSTha 73

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mahopAdhyAya samayasundara : vyaktitva evaM kRtitva miTThA be mevA taiM kuM devA, Au ikaTThe jemaNa jemaaN| lAvAM khUba camela RSabha jI, Au asAr3A kol|| kasabI cIrA pai bAMdhUM tere, pahiraNa colA mohana mere| kamara pichevar3A lAla RSabha jI, Au asAr3A kol|| kAne kevaTiyA paire kar3iyA, hAthe baMgA javahara jdd'iyaa| gala motiyana kI mAla RSabha jI, Au asAr3A kol|| bAMgA lATU cakerI caMgI, ajaba ustAdAM bahikara rNgii| AMgaNa asAr3e khela RSabha jI, Au asAr3A kol|| nayana ve taiMDe kajjala pAvAM, mana bhAvaDadAM tilaka lgaavaaN| rUr3har3A kaide kola RSabha jI, Au asAr3A kol|| Avo mere beTA dUdha pilAvAM, vahI ber3A godI meM sukha paavaaN| manna asAr3A bola RSabha jI, Au asAr3A kola // 1 anurAga ko bhakti kI uttama manodazA mAnA jAtA hai| samayasundara bhI jIvana ke anurAga-pakSa ko sarvottama DhaMga se svIkAra karate haiN| unhoMne rAjImati ke dvArA neminAtha ke prati apane anurAga ko 35 gItoM meM prakaTa kiyA hai| ina gItoM meM sUradAsa evaM mIrA kI bhakti-zailI ke darzana hote haiN| sUradAsa prabhu', 'mIrA ke prabhu' kI bhAMti samayasundara prabhu' ke prayoga bhI milate haiN| kavi ne apanI ArAdhanA meM lokamAnya sabhI bhagavat rUpoM evaM nAmoM ko zAlInatA ke sAtha samAhita kiyA hai| unakA kahanA hai ki yadyapi loga bheda-bhAva ke kAraNa usa parama paramAtmA ko alaga-alaga nAmoM se sambodhita karate haiM, lekina vAstava meM una sabakA usameM antarbhAva ho jAtA hai - eka tuMhI tuMhI, nAma judA mUhi mUhi / bAbA Adima tuMhI tuMhI, anAdi mate tuMhI tNhii| parabrahma te tuMhI tuMhI, puruSottama te tuMhI tuNhii| Isara deva te tuMhI tuMhI, paramesara te tuMhI tuNhii| rAma nAma te tuMhI tuMhI, vahI nAma te tuMhI tuNhii| sAMI paNa te tuMhI tuMhI, gosAMi te tuMhI tuNhii| billA illA tuMhI tuMhI, Apa ekallA tuMhI tuNhii| jatI jogI te tuMhI tuMhI bhugata bhogI te tuMhI tuNhii| 1. vahI, sindhIbhASAmaya zrI Adijinastavanam, pRSTha 91 2. draSTavya - vahI, pRSTha 110-142 3. draSTavya - vahI, neminAtha savaiyA (18), pRSTha 137

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samayasundara kA jIvana-vRtta nirakAra te tuMhI tuMhI, sAkAra paNi te tuMhI tuMhI / niraMjaNa te tuMhI tuMhI, dukha bhaMjaNa te tuMhI tuMhI / alakha gati te tuMhI tuMhI, akala mati te tuMhI tuMhI / eka rUpI te tuMhI tuMhI, bahuya rUpI te tuMhI tuMhI / ghaTa-ghaTa bhedI tuMhI tuMhI, aMtarajAmI tuMhI tuMhI / jagatavyApI tuMhI tuMhI, teja pratApI tuMhI tuMhI / pApIyA dUri te tuMhI tuMhI, dharamI hajUrI te tuMhI tuMhI / aMtarjAmI tuMhI tuMhI, sahasanAmI tuMhI tuMhI / eka arihaMta tuMhI tuMhI, samayasundara tuMhI tuMhI / parantu eka gIta meM kavi ne yaha spaSTa kiyA hai ki usake ArAdhya mAtra jinendra hI haiN| usane hari, hara, rAma kI upekSA kara kevala unhIM se mukti kI yAcanA kI hai vInati eka karuM morA svAma, dyo mohi mugatipurI ko dhAma / kisake hari hara kisake rAma, samayasundara kahe jina guNa grAma // 2 aura bhI - -- alakha agocara tU paramesara, ajara amara tUM arihaMta jI / akala acala akalaMka atula bala, kevalajJAna nirakhaMta jI // nirAkAra niraMjana nirupama, jyotirUpa nirakhaMta jI / terA sarUpa tUMhI prabhu jANai, ke jogIndra lahaMta jI // 4 kAraNa, vAstavikatA to yaha hai hari harAdika deva taNI ghaNI, bhagati kIdhI mukti gamana bhaNI / navi phalai jima jala siMcAviyau, ukhara khetrai odana vAviyau // 3 samayasundara ne apane ArAdhya ke svarUpa-nirUpaNa kA prayAsa kiyA hai, lekina sAtha meM unhoMne yaha bhI kahA hai ki usake svarUpa ko yA to prabhu hI jAnatA hai yA phira koI yogIndra - - prabhu tere guNa ananta apAra / sahasa rasanA karata suraguru, kahata na Ave pAra // koNa ambara giNai tArA, meru girI ko bhAra / carama sAgara lahari mAla, karata koNa vicAra // 1. samayasundara kRti kusumAMjaji, zrI paramezvara - bheda-gItam, pRSTha 444 2. vahI, caubIsI, kunthujinastavana, pRSTha 11 3. vahI, zrI pArzvajina dRSTAntamaya laghu stavana, pRSTha 201 4. samayasundara kRti kusumAMjali, caubIsI dharmajinastavana, pRSTha 10 53 -

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mahopAdhyAya samayasundara : vyaktitva evaM kRtitva bhagati guNa lavaleza bhAkhuM, suvidha jina sukhakAra / samayasundara kahata hamakuM, svAmI tuma AdhAra // 1 samayasundara ne na kevala jinendra ke prati hI bhakti bhAva prakaTa kiye haiM, apitu gurujanoM evaM AcAryoM ke prati bhI unake mana meM agAdha bhakti evaM zraddhA thii| apane guruoM ko zraddhAMjali arpita karate hue unhoMne svatantra gItoM kI racanA bhI kii| jinadattasUri, jinakuzalasUri, jinacandrasUri, jinasiMhasUri, jinarAjasUri Adi ke prati kavi kI aTUTa AsthA vibhinna gItoM meM vyaMjita huI hai| ve kahate haiM 54 mujha mana mohyoM re gurujI, tumha guNe jima bAbIhar3a meho jI / madhukara mohyo re sundara mAlatI, canda cakora saneho jI // mAna sarovara mohyo haMsalau, koyala jima sahakAro jI // guru caraNe raMga lAgau mAharau, jehavau cola majITho jI / dUra thakI piNa navi vIsarai, vacana amIrasa mITho jI // sakala sobhAgI saha guru rAjayiu, zrI jinasiMghasUriso jI, samayasundara kahai guru-guNa gAvatAM, pUjai manai jagIso jI // 2 kavi ne apane guru ke darzana, nAma- jApa, vaMdana, dhyAna Adi sabhI ko sukha pradAyaka kahA hai| guru ke darasa akhiyAM mohi tarasai / nAma japata rasanA sukha pAvata, sujasa suNata hI zravaNa sarasaI // praNamata hota saphala sahaguru kuM, dhyAna dharata merau citu harasai / suguru vaMdaNa kuM calata hI caraNa yuga, patiyAM likhata hI kara pharasai // 3 X X X jiNa dIThAM mana Ulasai re, nayaNe amiya jharaMti / te guruNA guNa gAMvatA re, vaMchita kAja saraMti // 4 ThIka kabIra Adi ke samAna hI inhoMne bhI guru ke mahattva kA vivecana kiyA haiguru dIvau guru candramA re, guru dekhAvai bATa / guru upagArI guru bar3A re, guru utArai ghATa || 1. vahI, suvidhi jinastavana, pRSTha 7 2. vahI, caumAsA - gItam, pRSTha 387-388 - 3. samayasundara kRti kusumAMjali, pRSTha 397-398 4. vahI, zrI jinacandrasUri candrAulA gItam, pRSTha 369 5. vahI, zrI jinasiMhasUri - gItAni, pRSTha 387

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samayasundara kA jIvana-vRtta kavivara guru ke antaH aura bAhya - donoM pakSoM kI lalitatA para bhAva-vibhora hai - lalita vayaNa guru lalita nayaNa guru, lalita rayaNa guru lalita matI rii| lalita karaNa guru lalita vayaNa guru, lalita caraNa guru lalita gatI rii| lalita pUrita guru lalita sUrati guru, lalita mUrati guru lalita jatI rii| lalitavayarAga guru lalita sobhAga guru, lalita parAga guru lalita vratI rii|| samayasundara apane jJAnadAtAoM ke prati bhI natamastaka the - hU~ balihArI jAUM tehanI, je guru guraNI gunnvNt| jina mujha jJAna-locana diyA, e upagAra mhNt||2 isI taraha sAdhu, sAdhvI-satI, mAtA-pitA, devI, jJAna Adi ke prati bhI kavi kI zraddhApUrNa bhakti thii| deviyoM meM unakI mukhyataH vidyA-devI sarasvatI ke prati bhakti thii| adhika vistAra meM na jAte hue yahA~ kevala eka hI udAharaNa prastuta kiyA jA rahA hai, jisameM ukta sabhI ke prati bhakti-bhAva vyakta kiyA gayA hai - siddhAratha sasi kulatilo, mahAvIra bhgvNt| vartamAna tIrtha dhaNI, praNamo zrI arihaMta // tasa gaNadhara gautama namo, labdhi taNA bhNddaar| kAmadhenu suratarumaNI, cArU nAma vicaar| vINA pustaka dhAraNI, samaruM sarasuta maay| murakha nai paMDita karai, kAlidAsa khivaay|| praNamo guru mAtA pitA, jJAna dRSTi daataar| kIDI thI kuMjara kare, e moTo upagAra // isa taraha hama dekhate haiM ki kavi kA vyaktitva bhakti se sarAbora thaa| jJAna ke sAtha bhakti-zraddhA honA unake zAlIna vyaktitva kA paricAyaka hai| jJAnasahita bhakti hone ke kAraNa vaha andha-bhakti nahIM thii| isalie ve vyavahAra-jagat meM janapriya bane aura antarajagat meM unakI AtmA divya teja se Alokita huii| isa prakAra jJAna aura vidvattA jahA~ unake bAhya vyaktitva ko ujAgara karatI hai, vahIM bhakti unake Antarika vyaktitva ko| 1. samayasundara kRti kusumAMjali, pRSTha 400-401 2. vahI, paraprazaMsA gItam, pRSTha 474 3. cAra pratyeka buddha-caupAI, khaNDa 1, DhAla 1 se pUrva dUhA 1-4

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56 mahopAdhyAya samayasundara : vyaktitva evaM kRtitva 16.3 'Atmavat sarvabhUteSu' kI avadhAraNA se abhibhUtatA lokamaMgala kI sAdhanA bhAratIya naitika cintana kA mUlabhUta sAdhya hai| Atmavat sarvabhUteSu' kI bhAvanA meM lokamaMgala kI sAdhanA nihita hai| isI bhAvanA se ahiMsA kI avadhAraNA kA vikAsa hotA hai aura vaha apane vidhAyaka rUpa meM karuNA aura sevA bana jAtI hai| vyakti mAtra svayaM hiMsA karane taka hI sImita nahIM rahatA hai, apitu vaha prANiyoM ke rakSaNa kA dAyitva uThAtA hai aura isalie hiMsaka pravRttiyoM kA virodha bhI karatA hai| ahiMsA, karuNA evaM sevA ke ye Adarza jaina, bauddha tathA vaidika paramparAoM meM samAna rUpa se svIkRta rahe haiN| bauddha-darzana ke dasa zIloM meM ahiMsA ko prathama sthAna prApta hai| gItA meM ahiMsA ko bhagavAn kA hI bhAva kahA gayA hai| mahAbhArata meM ahiMsA ko paramadharma mAnA gayA hai| jainadharma meM ahiMsA ko bhagavatI batAyA hai| isa taraha samasta bhAratIya zAstroM meM ahiMsA ko mahattvapUrNa sthAna prApta hai, parantu yahA~ jaina-paramparA ke viSaya meM vizeSa yaha ki isakI sampUrNa AcAra-vidhi ahiMsA kI hI dhurI para ghUmatI hai| jaina AcAra-darzana kA ahiMsA hI prANa-tattva hai| mahAkavi samayasundara ne bhI ahiMsA kA paryApta prasAra kiyA tathA aneka prAntoM meM jIva-hiMsAe~ banda krvaaiiN| rAjAoM evaM rAjya-adhikAriyoM ko bhI apane vyaktitva se prabhAvita kara jaina-dharma evaM ahiMsA kA pracAra aura prasAra kiyaa| vAdI harSanandana ne ullekha kiyA hai ki kavi ke upadeza se prabhAvita ho, akabara ne samagra gujarAta pradeza meM amAripaTaha (abhaya-ghoSaNA) bjvaayaa| akabara jaise rAjAoM se samparka sthApita kara unaheM upadeza denA aura apanI vicAradhArAoM kA unheM anuyAyI yA samarthaka banAnA samayasundara kI praur3ha pratibhA kA paricAyaka hai| kavi ne sindha rAjya meM makhanUma muhammada zekha kAjI ko apane pravacana se prabhAvita kara samasta sindha-pradeza meM gAyoM, paJcanadI ke jalacara jIvoM aura 1. gItA (10.5-7) 2. mahAbhArata (zAnti parva, 245.11) 3. praznavyAkaraNasUtra (2.1) 4. amAripaTahA yaistu, saahiptrprmaanntH| dApayAMcakrire srv-gurjraadhrnnii-tle|| - RSimaNDala-TIkA, prazasti (10)

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samayasundara kA jIvana-vRtta anya sAdhAraNa jIvoM kI rakSArtha amAri kI udghoSaNA karavAI thii| jaisalamera (rAjasthAna) meM bhI vahA~ ke adhipati rAvala bhImajI ko pratibodha dekara hiMsA banda karavAyI thii| isa taraha hama dekhate haiM ki samayasundara ahiMsA kI sadbhAvanA se otaprota the| ve sarvabhUtoM ko Atmavat hI mAnate the| ve spaSTa kahate haiM - mujha vaira nahIM chaI keha suM, sahu suM chaI maitrI bhaavojii| 16.4 sAmpradAyika audArya kavivara samayasundara kA janma aura dIkSA - donoM hI zvetAmbara jaina sampradAya meM huI thii| unhoMne svayaM apane ko zvetAmbara sampradAya kI eka zAkhA kharataragaccha kA anuyAyI batalAyA hai| aSTalakSI prazasti meM kavi ne kharataragaccha ke AdhAcArya zrI varddhamAnasUri ke praguru se apanI paramparA siddha kI hai| kavi kI guruvaMza-paramparA kA ullekha pUrva meM kiyA jA cukA hai| kavi ne kharataragaccha ke prati apanI agAdha zraddhA prakaTa kI hai aura apanI racanAoM meM kaI sthAnoM para isa tathya kI puSTi kI hai| kavi ne to yahA~ taka likhA hai ki gurugaccha ke prati sneha rakhanA, uttama kula kA AcAra hai| gacchAcAra-prakIrNaka meM bhI kahA gayA hai ki jo gaccha sanmArga para cala rahA hai, usakA samyak prakAra avalokana kara saMyata muni AjIvana usI meM rhe| isa prakAra gaccha yA zAkhA se sambandhita honA burA nahIM hai| 1. (ka) siddhapura mAhe zekha muhammada moTo ho, jiNa prtibodhyo| sindhu deza mAMhe vizeSa gAyAM chor3AvI ho, turake maartii|| - naladavadaMtIrAsa, pariziSTa I; kavi rAjasomakRta samayasundaragItam, pRSTha 132 (kha) zItapura mAhe jiNa samajhAviyau, makhanUma mahamada sekhojii| jIvadayA par3aha pherAviyo, rAkhI cihuM khaNDa rekhojI / / - vahI, kavi devIdAsa kRta samayasundara gItam, pRSTha 135 (ga) sindhu vihAre lAbha liyo ghaNo re, raMjI makhanUma sekh| ___pAMce nadiyAM jIvadayA bharI re, vali dhenu vishess| - vahI, vAdI harSanandanakRt samayasundaragItam, pRSTha 138 (gha) zrI uccanagare zeSa, zrI mkhtuum-jihaaniiyaam| __ pratibodhyaM gavAM ghAto, vaaritstaaritaatmbhiH|| - harSanandana kRta RSimaNDala TIkA, prazasti 11 (Ga) makhatUmajihAnIyAM, mlecchguru-prbodhkaaH| sindhI gomaraNabhaya, trAtAra: paaphrtaarH|- vahI (14) 2. samayasundara kRti kusumAMjali, pRSTha 533-540 3. vahI, caurAsI lakSajIvayonikSAmaNAgItam (3), pRSTha 484 4. gurugaccha nA rAgI ghaj, uttama ghara no AcAro re| -sItArAma-caupAI (9.7.21) 5. gacchAyAra-paiNNaya (7)

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58 mahopAdhyAya samayasundara : vyaktitva evaM kRtitva vastutaH burAI tabhI panapatI hai, jaba sAmpradAyika saMkIrNatA ke kAraNa dUsare gaccha yA paramparAoM ke prati udAratA nahIM rahatI hai| anudAra dRSTi hI sAmpradAyikatA ke viSa kA kAraNa banatI hai| saMkucita dRSTikoNa hI sAmpradAyikatA Adi ko janma detA hai| yadi isase chuTakArA nahIM pAyA jAya, to yaha manuSya ko bandhana aura saMkIrNatA meM DAla degA aura manuSya ko jIvana ke mahattvapUrNa pAtheyoM se vimukha kara degaa| yadyapi samayasundara kharataragaccha ke anuyAyI the, tathApi ve sAmpradAyikatA ke saMkucita pAza meM ba~dhe hue nahIM the| unakI racanAoM para dRSTipAta karane se yaha pratIta hotA hai ki ve sAmpradAyikatA se Upara uThe hue eka ni:spRha sAdhaka aura kavi the| ve sampradAya vizeSa se sambandhita hote hue bhI sampradAyavAda ke jAla se pUrNataH mukta the| samayakAlIna anya gacchoM aura sampradAyoM ke prati bhI unake sambandha madhura the| 16.4.1 tapAgaccha se pArasparika sambandha- tapAgaccha, jaina dharma ke zvetAmbara sampradAya kI pramukha zAkhA hai| jagaccandrasUri isa gaccha ke AdhAcArya haiN| unhoMne ugra tapa kiyaa| isa tapa ke kAraNa mevAr3a-nRpati rANA ne vikrama saMvat 1285 meM unheM tapA-viruda pradAna kiyaa| taba se inakI paramparA tapAgaccha ke nAma se prasiddha huii| isI paramparA meM kavi ke samakAlIna AcArya hIravijayasUri hue| ApakA janma pAlanapura meM vi0 saM0 1583 meM tathA dIkSA vi0 saM0 1596 meM pATaNa meM huii| vi0 saM0 1607 meM sirohI meM unheM AcAryapada pradAna kiyA gyaa| Apa prakhara vidvAn hone ke sAtha tyAgI muni the| Apane aneka jinabimboM kI pratiSThAe~ kiiN| samrATa akabara jaise mAnya samrATa bhI Apake buddhibala aura cAritrika-vizeSatAoM se prabhAvita the| kavi samayasundara ne Apako jinazAsana kA daidIpya nakSatra batAyA hai aura apane kharataragaccha ke nAyaka ke samAna hI unako mahattva diyA hai| kavi apane ko dhanya-dhanya samajhatA hai ki aise yugapradhAna bhaTTAraka kI saubhAgyavaza prApti huI hai| sampradAya-bheda hote hue bhI kavi meM guNagrAhakatA kA tattva nihita hai| kavi kahatA bhaTTAraka tIna bhaye bdd'bhaagii| jiNa dIpAyau zrI jinazAsana, sabala paDUra sobhaagii|| kharatara zrIjinacandrasUrIzvara, tathA hIravijaya vairaagii| vidhi pakSa dharamamUratisUrIsara, moTo guNa mhaatyaagii|| mata kou garva karau gacchanAyaka, puNyadazA hama jaagii| samayasundara kahai tattvavicArau, bharama jAya jima bhaagii||2 1. draSTavya - zrI paTTAvalI parAga-saMgraha (dvitIya pariccheda); tapAgaccha paTTAvalI sUtra, pRSTha 145-146 1. samayasundara kRti kusumAMjali, bhaTTAraka-gIta pRSTha 357

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samayasundara kA jIvana-vRtta 59 16.4.2 pArzvacandragaccha se pArasparika sambandha - yaha vastutaH tapAgacchA kI hI eka pramukha zAkhA hai| isa gaccha ke pravartaka AcArya pArzvacandrasUri ke vaMza meM AcArya vimalacandrasUri ke ziSya-ratna puMjA RSi hue, jo jJAnI aura mahAn tyAgI the| navIna karmoM kA Agamana na ho, isalie ve ati saMyamita rahate the aura pUrvabaddha karmoM ko vinaSTa karane hetu ugra tapasyA karate the| kavi ke ullekhAnusAra ApakA janma gujarAta-pradeza ke 'rAtija' grAma meM huA thaa| Apake pitA kA nAma kaDuA paTela gorA thA aura mAtA kA nAma dhanabAI thaa| Apane ahamadAbAda janapada meM vi0 saM0 1670 meM dIkSA grahaNa kI thii| tabhI se samyagjJAna, samyagdarzana, samyagcAritra aura samyak tapa kA utkRSTa pAlana karate hue mokSamArga para cala rahe the| yadyapi puMjARSi Ayu, jJAna-pratibhA evaM dIkSA meM kavi samayasundara kI apekSA choTe hI the, tathApi samayasundara Apake tapa-tyAga se itane adhika prabhAvita hue ki unhoMne sAmpradAyika ber3iyoM ko tor3ate hue mukta kaNTha se unakI prazaMsA aura anumodanA kii| kavi inheM jahAja kI upamA dete hue kahate haiM ki puMjA RSi svayaM saMsAra-samudra se pAra ho rahA hai, sAtha hI sAtha dUsaroM ko bhI vizva-paribhramaNa se mukta kara rahA hai - zrI pArzvacandra nA gaccha mAMhe, e puMjo RSi aaj| Apa tarai nai tArivai, jima bar3a sapharI jhaaj|| kavi puMjA RSi kI zlAghanIya tapasyA kA guNagAna karate hue citta meM eka alaukika AhlAda kI anubhUti karate haiM tathA apanI jihvA aura janma ko sArthaka batAte haiN| ve svayaM likhate haiM - RSi puMjo ati rUDo hovai,jinazAsana mAMhe zobha cddhaavi| tehanA guNa gAtAM mana mAMhai, Ananda upajai ati uchaahi| jIbha pavitra huvai jasa bhaNatAM, zravaNa pavitra thAye saaNbhltaaN| RSi paMje tapa kIdho te kahaM, sAMbhalajo saha koI re| Aja nai kAlai karai kuNa ehevA, paNi anumodana thAI re||2 isa tapakartA ke maMgala darzana aura unheM uttama vaMdana karane se kavi ke hadaya meM ati Ananda milatA hai - Aja to tapasI ehavo, puMjARSi sarIkho na dIsai re| tehanai vAMdatA biharAvatA, harakhai kavi hiyar3o hIMsai re||3 kavi samayasundara ke hRdaya meM gacchavAda nahIM thaa| unakI prakRti mAnavIya thii| ve chidrAnveSaNa aura nindA se dUra rahate the| unake samasAmayika upAdhyAya dharmasAgara hue, 1. vahI, puMjAratna-rAsa, pRSTha 555 2. vahI, pRSTha 556 3. vahI, pRSTha 558

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mahopAdhyAya samayasundara : vyaktitva evaM kRtitva jinhoMne samayasundara ke gaccha para aneka AkSepa lagAye; parantu samayasundara kI vizAla hRdayatA tathA udAratA ne unameM bhI guNa hI dekhe| 16.4.3 digambaroM se pArasparika sambandha- zvetAmbara tathA digambara - ye do jaina dharma ke pradhAna sampradAya hai| donoM meM kucha vivAdAspada viSaya bhI haiM, lekina kavi bhAvukatA aura audArya ke kAraNa digambara tIrthoM, mandiroM, muniyoM ke prati bhI vaisI hI zraddhA-bhakti rakhate the, jaisI zvetAmbara tIrthoM, mandiroM, muniyoM ke prti| kavi ke yAtrA-saMsmaraNa-gItoM meM aise bhI gIta haiM, jinase yaha vidita hotA hai ki kavi ne digambaroM ke prasiddha tIrthasthaloM kI bhI yAtrA evaM sazraddhA bhAva-arcanA kI thii| jaise - candrapurI avatAra, lakSmaNA mAtA malhAra, / candramA lAMchana sAra, uru abhirAma meN| vadana punimacanda, vacana zItalacanda, mahAsena nRpacanda, navavidhi nAma meN| teja karai jhiba-jhiba, phaTita ratanabiMba, sAMdyo hai............digambara dhAma meN| samayasundara hama tIratha kahai uttama, - candraprabha bheTyau hama, cAMdavAri gAma meN||1 kavi kI sAmpradAyika udAratA, bhAvukatA aura guNagrAhakatA kavi ke uttama vyaktitva ke pratIka haiN| ata: ve gacchAtIta hI nahIM, sampradAyAtIta bhI the| 16:5 AcAraniSThA AcaraNa aura vyavahAra kA vaha rUpa jo kucha zAstrIya niyamoM, paramparAoM, siddhAntoM Adi ke AdhAra para sthita hotA hai tathA dharma-zAstra ke anusAra jisakA pAlana Avazyaka samajhA jAtA hai, AcAra hai| dharma-zAstroM meM batalAe hue AcAra (kriyAoM) kA acchI taraha aura niyamita rUpa se pAlana karane vAlA AcAra-niSTha kahalAtA hai| kavipravara samayasundara svayaM to AcAra-niSTha the hI, sAtha hI apane ziSyoM-praziSyoM ko bhI AcAra-niSTha banane ke lie nirantara preraNA dete rahate the| kyoMki kavi AcArayukta jJAna ko hI adhika mahattva dete the| unakA vacana hai - kiriyA sahita jo nyAna, huvai to ati prdhaan| sonau nai suhRta e, saMkha dUdhai bharayau e||2 Avazyaka-niyukti meM isI tathya kA ullekha karate hue kahA hai ki jisa prakAra candana kA bhAra uThAnevAlA gadhA kevala bhAra Dhone vAlA hai, use candana kI sugandha kA koI 1. samayasundara kRti kusumAMjali, caubIsa jina savaiyA, pRSTha 15 2. vahI, zrI jJAnapaMcamI bRhatstavanam, pRSTha 236

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samayasundara kA jIvana-vRtta patA nahIM calatA, usI prakAra AcAra-zUnya jJAnI kevala jJAna kA bhAra DhotA hai, use mukti nahIM mila sktii| kavi ne kriyAhIna jJAna ko vikalAMga kI upamA dete hue use nirarthaka kahA hai - pAMgalau jJAna kisyau kAmarau, jJAna sahita kriyA aadru| samayasundara dyai upadeza cArau, mugati taNau mAraga paadhru| isI gIta meM katipaya preraka paMktiyA~ AcAra-niSTha banane ke lie preraNA detI haiM - kriyA karau, celA kiyA karau, kriyA karau jima tumha nistru|| paDilehau upagraNa pAtarau, jayaNA suM kAjau Udharau / par3ikamatA pATha sudha ucarau, sahu adhikAraga mA saaNbhru| kAusagga karatA mana pAMtarau, cAra AMgula paga nau AMtarau / paramAda nai Alasa pariharau, tiriya nigoda paDaNa thI ddru| kriyAvaMta dIsai phUTarau, kriyA upAya kisyau kAmarau / kavi ne jJAna kI upAsanA ke sAtha-sAtha AcAra kA bhI niSThApUrvaka pAlana kiyaa|dusskaal kI paristhiti meM huI cAritrika skhalanAoM ko ve likhita rUpa meM svIkAra karate hue kahate haiM ki maiMne kAla ke prabhAva meM Akara anAcIrNa kArya kie haiN| apanI galatI ko galatI rUpa mAnanA aura usake lie antarAtmA se pazcAtApa karanA unake Atma pravaMcanA se rahita AcAra meM satya-niSTha hone kA prabala pramANa hai| isIlie kavi ne kriyoddhAra karake svayaM apanI AcAraniSThatA kA paricaya diyaa| 16.6 sAhitya-sevA- kavi jaina zramaNa the| jaina zramaNa ke kAraNa Atma-kalyANa tathA mokSa-prApti hI unake jIvana kA lakSya thA, tathApi ve AtmoddhAra meM jitane sajaga the, utane hI sAhitya-sevA meM bhii| unakI sabhI gadyAtmaka aura padyAtmaka racanAe~ vastutaH jJAnarAzi kA eka vizAla bhaNDAra hai, jo na kevala manuSya ko eka navIna dRSTi detA hai, apitu use jIvana-sambandhI satyoM kA parijJAna karAtA hai| unakI sAhitya-sRSTi kAvya-kalA kI dRSTi se anupama hai| rasikajana usakA AsvAdana kara vizeSa Ananda kA anubhava karate haiN| kavi samayasundara ke sAhitya meM udAtta bhAvanAoM evaM gUr3ha viSayoM kA sundara rUpa se vyavasthita vivecana haA hai| kavi bhI sAhitya-sevA mahAn hai| kavi kI zatAdhika kRtiyA~ aura sahasrAdhika phuTakara pada upalabdha haiN| ve kalama ke dhanI the| unakI lekhanI se hI unakI sarvatomukhI pratibhA, prajJA-prakarSatA tathA unake pANDitya kA paricaya prApta hotA hai| unhoMne sAhitya-sevA ke dvArA aneka maulika racanAe~ aura TIkAe~ likhakara madhyakAlIna sAhitya ko samRddha kiyA hai| kavi kI aparimita evaM anupameya sAhitya1. samayasundara kRti kusumAMjali, kriyA-preraNA-gItam, pRSTha 438 2. vahI, kriyA-preraNA-gItam, pRSTha 437-438

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62 mahopAdhyAya samayasundara : vyaktitva evaM kRtitva sevA ke lie mahopAdhyAya vinayasAgara kA abhimata hai ki kalikAla sarvajJa hemacandrAcArya ke pazcAt pratyeka viSayoM meM maulika sarjanakAra evaM TIkAkAra ke rUpa meM vipula sAhitya kA nirmAtA anya koI zAyada hI huA hai| kavi ne saMskRta, prAkRta, rAjasthAnI, hindI, gujarAtI, sindhI Adi vividha bhASAoM meM aneka kRtiyoM kA sarjana kiyA hai| unakI sAhitya-sRSTi meM vyAkaraNa, kAvyalakSaNa, TIkA, nyAya, chanda, siddhAntacarcA, jyotiSa, zAstra - carcA, saMvAda, rAsacaupAI, itihAsa, prabandha, kAvya, bAlAvabodha, anekArtha sAhitya, stavana, caubIsI - chattIsI, gIta prabhRti samasta kAvyAMga upalabdha hote haiN| unakI kRtiyoM kA vistRta vivecana hama agale adhyAya meM karane jA rahe haiM / isa prakAra hama dekhate haiM kavi eka bahumukhI pratibhA sampanna vyakti the, jinheM apane yuga meM eka prakhara vaktA, sAhityakAra aura niSThAvAn sAdhaka ke rUpa meM mahattvapUrNa sthAna prApta thA / unake vyaktitva kI mahattA isI se siddha ho jAtI hai ki unake samasAmayika kavirAja RSabhadAsa ne vi0 saM0 1670 meM racita 'kumAra pAla - rAsa' meM samayasundara kI khyAti ko spaSTa hue kahA hai susAdhu haMsa samayosuracanda, zItalavacana jima zAradacanda / ekavi moTA buddhi vizAla te Agali hU~ mUrakha bAla // 17. antima jIvana evaM samAdhi-maraNa deza ke vividha kSetroM kA paryaTana karate hue kavi samayasundara vi0 saM0 1686 meM ahamadAbAda pahu~ce, aisA daNDakavRtti aura dhanadatta - caupAI ke AdhAra para jJAta hotA hai / airavata kSetra ke caubIsa arihanta tIrthaMGkaroM ke gIta aura sAdhu- vandanA meM prApta ullekhoM ke anusAra vi0 saM0 1697 meM bhI ve ahamadAbAda hI rhe| isI varSa phAlguna zuklA ekAdazI ko nAthA saMkhavAla kI patnI dhannAde ne parigraha-parimANa vrata aMgIkAra kiyA thaa| kavi kI hastalikhita pANDulipi meM uparyukta ghaTanA kA nimnalikhita ullekha milatA hai - saM0 1697 varSe phAguNa sudi 11 guruvAre zrI ahamadAbAda nagare zrI kharataragacche bhaTTAraka zrIjinasAgarasUri - vijayarAjye saMkhavAla gotre saM0 nAthA bhAryA suzrAvikA puNyaprabhAvikA zrA0 dhannAde sA0 karamasI mahopAdhyAya zrI samayasundara pArzveicchA-parimANa kiidhaa| shriirstu| kalyANamastu // 3 1. samayasundara kRti kusumAMjali, mahopAdhyAya samayasundara, pRSTha 1 2. vahI, pRSTha 29 3. dhannAde vrata grahaNa (patra 1-2 ), ( abhaya jaina granthAlaya, bIkAnera meM prati upalabdha )

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samayasundara kA jIvana-vRtta 'AloyaNA-chattIsI tathA puMjArana RSi rAsa'2 se bhI yahI saMketa prApta hotA hai ki kavi vi0saM0 1698 meM bhI ahamadAbAda meM hI sthira rhe| kavi kI racanAoM meM 'tIrthabhAsa-chattIsI' tathA 'kezI-pradezI-prabandha' Adi racanAe~ bhI kavi ne vi0 saM0 1699 meM ahamadAbAda meM hI racI thiiN| vi0 saM0 1700 meM unhoMne 'draupadI-caupAI' kI racanA kI thii| ina sarva kRtiyoM se vidita hotA hai ki vRddhAvasthA meM kavi ne apanA zeSa jIvana ahamadAbAda meM hI vyatIta kiyA thaa| kavi kA svargavAsa bhI ahamadAbAda meM hAjA paTela kI pola ke kharataragaccha upAzraya meM huA thaa| kavi rAjasoma inakI mRtyu kA ullekha karate hue likhate haiM aNasaNa karI aNagAra, saMvata sattara ho saya biidd'otre| ahamadAbAda majhAra, paraloka pahuMtA ho caita sudi terse||3 uparyukta ullekha se jJAta hotA hai ki kavi ne mRtyu se pUrva saMlekhanA-vrata grahaNa kiyA thaa| jaina-paramparA ke anusAra mRtyu ko sannikaTa jAnakara zarIra ke prati mamatva kA tyAgakara deha-poSaNa ke prayatnoM ko chor3a denA tathA anazana-vrata pUrvaka niSkAmabhAva se mRtyu kA varaNa kara lenA - saMlekhanA-vrata kahA jAtA hai| deha-bhAva se Upara uThakara dehAtIta avasthA meM pahu~canA tathA vikAroM se mukta hone kA prayatna karanA saMthArA yA saMlekhanA hai| uttarAdhyayana meM mRtyu ke do rUpa varNita haiM- (1) sakAma-maraNa arthAt svecchAmaraNa yA nirbhayatApUrvaka mRtyuvaraNa aura (2) akAma-maraNa arthAt anicchApUrvaka yA bhayapUrvaka mRtyu se grasita honaa| pahale ko paNDitamaraNa yA samAdhimaraNa kahA jAtA hai aura dUsare ko bAla (ajJAnI) maraNa athavA asmaadhimrnn| prANoM kA visarjana saMlekhanA meM bhI kiyA jAtA hai aura AtmahatyA meM bhii| antara itanA hI hai ki Atma-hatyA kSaNikaAveza meM kI jAtI hai, jabaki saMkhelanA meM samAdhipUrvaka sva-svarUpa meM sthita hote hue niSkAma bhAva se deha kA visarjana kiyA jAtA hai| isIlie DA0 sAgaramala jaina ke anusAra svecchA-maraNa to mRtyu kI vaha kalA hai, jisameM na kevala jIvana hI sArthaka hotA hai varan maraNa bhI sArthaka ho jAtA hai| vastutaH samAdhi-maraNa kA vrata hamAre AdhyAtmika evaM naitika mUlyoM ke saMrakSaNa ke lie hI grahaNa kiyA jAtA hai aura isaliye pUrNata: naitika bhI hai| kavi rAjasoma ke ullekhAnusAra vi0 saM0 1703 kI caitra zuklA trayodazI ko kavi kA lagabhaga nabbe varSa kI Ayu meM samAdhi-maraNa huaa| 1. samayasundara kRti kusumAMjali, pRSTha 547 2. vahI, pRSTha 558 3. naladavadaMtI rAsa, pariziSTa I, pRSTha 134 4. draSTavya - uttarAdhyayana (5.2-3) 5. jaina, bauddha aura gItA ke AcAra-darzanoM kA tulanAtmaka adhyayana, pRSTha 445

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64 mahopAdhyAya samayasundara : vyaktitva evaM kRtitva jaina samAja kI sAmAnyatayA yaha prathA rahI hai ki jisa sthAna para kisI pratiSThita zramaNa kA svargArohaNa hotA hai, vahAM zramaNopAsakoM dvArA unakA smAraka banAyA jAtA hai athavA caraNa-cihna sthApita kiye jAte haiM, kintu kavi ke bhaktoM ne ahamadAbAda meM unakA smAraka banAyA ho athavA unake caraNa-cihna sthApita kiye hoM, aise koI pramANa nahIM mila pAye haiN| bIkAnera ke nikaTavartI nAla kSetra meM kavi kA jo caraNa-cihna sthApita hai, usakA ullekha to vAdI harSanandana ne bhI kiyA hai| jaisalamera meM bhI kavi kA caraNa-pratIka jaina upAzraya/maMdira meM pratiSThApita hai| lekhaka ne svayaM ina donoM caraNa-cihnoM ke darzana kiye haiN| 18. ziSya-parivAra ___ kavipravara samayasundara eka prabhAvazAlI vyakti the| unake vyaktitva meM ojasvitA ke sAtha prakhara vaiduSya bhI thaa| unhoMne deza ke aneka aMcaloM meM bhramaNa kiyA tathA upadeza bhI diye| kavi kA vyaktitva itanA AkarSaka thA ki jo unake nikaTa AtA thA, vaha unake vyaktitva se prabhAvita ho jAtA thaa| maNDovara, mer3atA Adi ke adhipati bhI Apake Atmabala, buddhi-bala, tapobala aura cAritra-bala se atyadhika prabhAvita hue the| inake atirikta kavi kI pratibhA kA jina rAjyAdhipatiyoM para prabhAva rahA, unakA saMketa hama pUrva meM kara Ae haiN| katipaya vyakti aise bhI the, jinhoMne kavi se bhagavatI pravrajyA aMgIkAra kI aura unake prati pUrNa samarpita ho gye| ve vyakti kavi ke ziSya the| yadyapi kavi ne apane eka gIta meM apane ArAdhya-guru jinakuzalasUri se do ziSyoM kI yAcanA kI hai - dAdA jI dIjai do celaa| eka bhaNai, eka karai vaiyAvacca, sevaka hota sohelaa|| kintu eka gIta meM unhoMne apanI Atma-pIr3A vyakti kI hai| usameM yaha saMketa milatA hai ki unake bahuta se ziSya the celA nahIM tau ma karau cintA, dIsai ghaNe cele paNa dukkh| saMtAna karaMmi huA ziSya bahulA, paNi samayasundara na pAyau sukkh| ke I muyA gayA paNi ke I, ke I jUyA rahai para desh| pAsi rahai te pIr3a na jANaI, kahiyai ghaNau tau thAyai kiles| zrI agaracanda nAhaTA evaM zrI bhaMvaralAla nAhaTA kA kathana hai ki eka prAcInapatra ke anusAra inake ziSyoM kI saMkhyA bayAlIsa thI; parantu ke bayAlIsa ziSya kauna the, unakA nAmollekha nahIM miltaa| aisI sthiti meM kavi ke sAhitya meM nirdiSTa ziSya-praziSyoM ke nAmoM ke AdhAra para hI unake ziSya-varga kA prastutikaraNa samIcIna hogaa| prApta 1. zrIsamayasundarANAM gaDAlaye pAduke vnde| - uttarAdhyayanasUtra TIkA (prArambha meM) 2. sItArAma-caupAI, bhUmikA, pRSTha 51

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samayasundara kA jIvana-vRtta sAkSyoM ke AdhAra para unake ziSyoM kI puSTa jAnakArI upalabdha hotI hai - 18. 1 harSanandana - ye ' harSanandana' ke nAma se prasiddha haiM / inhoMne jainadharma ke pracAra meM prabala puruSArtha kiyA aura aneka mahattvapUrNa granthoM kA nirmANa kara jaina - sAhitya kA gaurava bddh'aayaa| inakI kRtiyoM meM RSimaNDala - TIkA, madhyAhna vyAkhyAna - paddhati, uttarAdhyayanasUtra - vRtti tathA sthAnAMgavRttitagata gAthAvRtti Adi ullekhanIya haiN| AdinAtha- vyAkhyAna, pArzvanemi-caritra, RSimaNDala - bAlAvabodha, AcAra - dinakara - lekhana - prazasti, udyama-karmasaMvAda Adi bhI anya mahattvapUrNa racanAe~ haiN| kavi samayasundara ne vAdI harSanandana kA abhinandana kiyA hai - prakriyA hemabhASyAdi - pAThakaizca vizodhitA / harSanandanavAdIndraiH, cintAmaNi vizAradai // 1 harSanandana ne mahopAdhyAya samayasundara praNIta kalpalatA, samAcArI - zataka, saptasmaraNa - TIkA aura draupadI - caupAI kI racanA meM sahayoga bhI diyA thA / vAdI harSanandana ke jayakIrti jaise jyotiSa - vizArada aura dayAvijaya jaise bahuzruta vidvAn ziSya the| jayakIrtti ne pRthvIrAjaveli-bAlAvabodha, SaDAvazyaka bAlAvabodha Adi granthoM kA praNayana kiyA thaa| jayakIrti ke ziSya rAjasoma aura praziSya samayanidhAna ne bhI paryApta sAhitya likhA hai / 18. 2 sahajavimala - inake sandarbha meM koI vizeSa jAnakArI nahIM milatI hai| ye kavi ke ziSya the| kavi ne inake aura meghavijaya gaNi- donoM ke lie navatattva - TIkA, raghuvaMzaTIkA evaM jayatihuaNa- stotra - TIkA banAI thiiN| 18.3 meghavijaya - ye sAdhanAniSTha sAdhu the / guru ke prati bhI pUrNa zraddhA rakhate the / phalasvarUpa inhoMne durbhikSakAla meM bhI apane guru kA sAtha nahIM chodd'aa| pratikUla sthitiyoM meM guru kA sAtha na chor3anA, yaha inakI AcAra aura vicAra-niSThatA kI dyotaka haiN| isIlie kavi samayasundara ne hanheM sAdhuvAda diyA hai - - muni meghavijaya - ziSyo, gurubhakto nityapArzvavartI ca / tasmai pAThanapUrvaM dattA pratireSA paThatu mudrA / meghavijaya ke harSakuzala jaise prakhara vaiduSya ziSya the / harSakuzala ne bIsI Adi racanAoM ke atirikta kavi kI racanAoM meM bhI saMzodhana Adi kI sahAyatA dI thI, jisakA nirdeza kavi ne svayaM kiyA hai. - vAcaka harSanandana vali, harSakuzalai sAnidhi kIi re / likhaNa sodhana sahAya thakI, tiNa turata pUrI karI dIdhI re // 3 1. kalpalatA, prazasti (12) 2. vizeSazataka, prazasti ( 6 ) 3. draupadI - caupAI (3.7.6) 65

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mahopAdhyAya samayasundara : vyaktitva evaM kRtitva harSakuzala ke ziSya harSasAgara tathA praziSya jJAnatilaka evaM puNyatilaka bhI samartha sAhityakAra hue haiN| jJAnatilaka ke ziSya vinayacandra aThArahavIM zatAbdI ke pramukha kavi the| 18.4 meghakIrtti- inakI racita eka bhI kRti upalabdha nahIM hai| inakI ziSya-paramparA meM hI Alamacanda jaise asAdhAraNa kavi hue aura kastUracandra tathA kIrtisAgara bhI prakhara vidvAn hue haiN| 18.5 mahimAsamudra - Apa kavi ke priya ziSya the| Apake lie hI kavi ne vi0 saM0 1667 meM ucca nagara meM 'zrAvakArAdhanA' grantha likhA thaa| Apake ziSyoM meM dharmasiMha dvArA racita 'thAvaccA-caupAI' vizeSa varNanIya hai| inake pautraziSya vidyAvijaya bhI udbhaTa paNDita the| AlIjA-gItam Adi inhIM ke dvArA praNIta haiN| kavi samayasundara ke anya ziSyoM meM sumatikIrti, mAIdAsa Adi kA ullekha bhI prazastiyoM meM upalabdha hotA hai| kavi ke samAna hI kavi kA ziSya-parivAra bhI asAdhAraNa pratibhAdhAraka, prakhara vidvAn, samartha sAhitya-sarjaka aura sAdhanA-priya thaa| kavi kI ziSya-saMtati ke bAre meM nAhaTA-bandhu likhate haiM ki inakA ziSya-parivAra khUba vistRta hokara phuulaa-phlaa| usameM saikar3oM sAdhu-yati hue, jinameM kaI acche guNI vyakti the| mahopAdhyAya vinayasAgara ne kavi ke ziSya parivAra kI eka tAlikA banAI hai, jo pRSTha 69-70 para draSTavya hai| yadyapi tAlikA meM nirdiSTa ziSya-paramparA kavi se lekara vartamAna samaya paryanta hai, lekina yaha bhI sampUrNa nahIM kahI jA sakatI hai| yaha tAlikA kevala prApta sandarbho ke AdhAra para hI vinayasAgarajI ne banAI hai| ve likhate haiM ki anumAnataH Apake ziSyapraziSyAdi kI saMkhyA vipula hI thI, kauna-kauna aura kisa-kisa nAma ke ziSya the, ullekha nahIM miltaa| katipaya granthoM ke AdhAra para banAI gaI isa tAlikA se kavi kI ziSya-paramparA kA kucha AbhAsa hI hameM hotA hai| samayasundara kI ziSya-paramparA ko dekhane se aisA jJAta hotA hai ki vaha yatiyoM kI paramparA hai| ata: yaha prazna svAbhAvika rUpa se uThatA hai ki samayasundara svayaM yati the yA muni| yadi hama gambhIratApUrvaka isa prazna para vicAra kareM, to hameM donoM hI prakAra ke pramANa upalabdha ho jAte haiN| ziSya-paramparA kA yati honA, zAstra Adi kA vikraya karanA, guru-dhana kI carcA aura kriyoddhAra - ye saba tathya unheM yati-paramparA ke nikaTa baiThAte haiM, kintu isake viparIta unake dvArA 'gaddI' kA ullekha na honA, muni kI bhAMti vihArI honA, 1. sItArAma-caupAI, bhUmikA, pRSTha 52 2. draSTavya - samayasundara kRti kusumAMjali, mahopAdhyAya samayasundara, pRSTha 36

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67 samayasundara kA jIvana-vRtta ziSyoM ko AcAraniSTha banane ke lie preraNA denA, unakA svayaM kA apane ko muni kahanA' tathA unake samakAlIna kaviyoM dvArA bhI muni yA sAdhu ke rUpa meM ullekha kiyA jAnA,2 unake nikaTama ziSyoM ke lie bhI muni zabda kA prayoga Adi isa bAta ko spaSTa karate haiM ki ve yati na hokara muni the, sAdhu the| punaH jo kriyoddhAra aura guru-dhana kI bAta unake yati-pakSa meM hone kI kahI jAtI hai, use ekadama unake yati hone kA sabala pramANa nahIM mAnA jA sktaa| kabhI-kabhI muni bhI apanI vRddhAvasthA meM kriyoddhAra karate hue dekhe gaye haiN| kriyoddhAra kevala isI bAta kA sUcaka hai ki sAdhaka apanI sAdhanA ke prati sajaga hai aura apane pUrva jIvana meM huI skhalanA ke lie kriyoddhAra karatA hai| isI prakAra zvetAmbara mUrtipUjaka samAja meM muni-paramparA meM bhI guru-dhana hone kI bAta pAyI jAtI hai| samayasundara dvArA jo zAstra evaM pAtra ke vikraya kI bAta kahI gaI hai, vaha akAla ke kAraNa apavAda kI sthiti mAnI jA sakatI hai| isake atirikta samayasundara ne svayaM apane nAma ke sAtha athavA apanI guru-paramparA yA ziSyoM ke lie yati zabda kA prayoga kahIM bhI nahIM kiyA hai| ataH ina saba AdhAroM para hama samayasundara ko muni kaha sakate haiM, kintu samayasundara kI paravartI ziSya-paramparA yati kI thI, yaha to spaSTa pratIta hotA hai| ziSya-paramparA kI tAlikA meM jo antima nAma haiM, ve saba yati ke haiN| *** 1. samayasundara muni hama bhnni...| -samayasundara kRti kusumAMjali, vairAgya-sajjhAya, pRSTha 448 2. susAdhu haMsa smyosurcnd.....| - RSabhadAsa, kumArapAla-rAsa (saM0 1670) 3. (ka) munishjviml-pnndditmeghvijyshissy-ptthnaarthm| - jayatihuaNa - vRtti, prazasti (3) (kha) munimeghavijayaziSyo gurubhakto nityapArzvavartI c| - vizeSazataka, prazasti (6)

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mahopAdhyAya samayasundara (ziSya-paramparA) vAdIharSanandana sahavimala meghavijaya meghakIrti mahimAsamudra sumatikIrti mAIdAsa ___ harSakuzala harirAma - vidyAvijaya dharmasiMha jayakIrti dayAvijaya megharatna rAmacandra harSanidhAna kIrtikuzala upAdhyAya kAzIdAsa vIrapAla rAjasoma sAnalA harSasAgarasUri jJAnatilaka puNyatilaka kIrtinidhAna vAcaka ThAkarasI jJAnalAbha / vinayacandra mahopAdhyAya puNyacandra tara vAcaka kIrtivarddhana (kuzalo) samayanidhAna nayaNasI pratApasI murArI puNyavilAya mahopAdhyAya samayasundara : vyaktitva evaM kRtitva bhImajI sAraMgajI vAcaka puNyazIla mAnacandra bodhAjI hajArInanda

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amaramilana (AsakaraNa) 1 bhaktivilAsa | jayaratna 1 kastUra T haMsarAja harSacanda | amaracanda cunnIlAla vAcaka kIrtivarddhana ( kuzalo) kalyANacandra ANandacanda caturbhuja 1 lAlacanda bhagavAnadAsa T mANakacanda tanasukhajI T daulatajI gulAbacanda jIvaNajI T T khemacanda cunnIlAlajI Alamacanda bhAgacanda bhavAnIrAma kapUracanda 1 manasukha rAmalAla bhImajI 1 sUradAsajI 1 mAIdAsa 1 jayavanta 1 pratApasI dharmadAsa udecanda samayasundara kA jIvana-vRtta 69

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dvitIya adhyAya samayasundara kI racanAe~

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samayasundara kI racanAe~ 73 madhyakAlIna bhAratIya-sAhitya ko mahopAdhyAya samayasundara kI mahattvapUrNa dena hai| ve saMskRta, prAkRta, hindI Adi vividha bhASAoM ke vettA the| unhoMne gadya aura padya - ina donoM meM racanA kI hai| unakI racanAe~ vividha vidhAoM se sambaddha hone ke kAraNa bahuvidha haiN| sAhitya ke sampUrNa itihAsa meM samayasundara jaise racanAkAra kama hI haiM, jinakI itane adhika vividha viSayoM se sambandhita racanAe~ upalabdha hotI hoN| samayasundara ke samagra sAhitya ke paryavekSaNa se jJAta hotA hai ki unakA sAhitya AdhyAtmika, pANDityapUrNa aura janaruci ke anukUla - ina tInoM staroM para upalabdha hai| unake sAhitya meM darzana hai, itihAsa hai, bhakti hai, kAvya-kauzala hai| sacamuca, unakA sAhitya bahuvidha evaM bahuguNa-sampanna hai| samayasundara ne eka ora kAlidAsa tathA kezavadAsa kI taraha apanI racanAoM meM pANDitya kA pradarzana kiyA hai, to dUsarI ora bhakta banakara kavayitrI mIrAbAI kI bhA~ti bhAvapUrNa racanAe~ kiiN| tIsarI ora unhoMne eka upadezaka banakara sahRdaya janasAmAnya ko dhArmikatA tathA naitikatA kI preraNA dI hai| mahopAdhyAya samayasundara kI racanAoM ko adhyayana kI suvidhA kI dRSTi se hama chaH bhAgoM meM vibhAjita kara sakate haiM - 1. maulika saMskRta racanAe~ 2. saMskRta TIkAe~ 3. saMgraha-grantha ___ 4. bhASA-kRtiyA~ 5. bAlAvabodha yA bhASA-TIkA 6. prakIrNaka rcnaaeN| uparyukta zIrSakAntargata samayasundara ke sampUrNa sAhitya kA paricayAtmaka adhyayana nimnAnusAra hai - 1. maulika saMskRta racanAe~ mahopAdhyAya samayasundara saMskRta-jagat meM viziSTa sthAna rakhate haiN| ve saMskRta ke udbhaTa vidvAna the| inhoMne pracura saMskRta-sAhitya kA sarjana kiyaa| inakI katipaya racanAe~ to sArvakAlika, sArvadezika evaM vizvajanIna rahI haiN| saMskRta-racanAoM meM unakI aSTalakSI' nAmaka kRti saMsAra ke sampUrNa sAhitya meM bejor3a evaM anupama hai| isI taraha unakA zatakasAhitya bhI apane-Apa meM ucca koTi kA hai| saMkSepa meM, samayasundara kI maulika saMskRta racanAe~ isa prakAra haiM - 1.1 bhAvazataka 1.2 aSTalakSI

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74 mahopAdhyAya samayasundara : vyaktitva evaM kRtitva 1.3 maMgalavAda 1.4 cAturmAsika vyAkhyAna 1.5 kAlakAcArya-kathA 1.6 zrAvakArAdhanA 1.7 samAcArI-zataka 1.8 vizeSa-zataka 1.9 vicAra-zataka 1.10 vizeSa-saMgraha 1.11 dIkSApratiSThA-zuddhi 1.12 visaMvAda-zataka 1.13 kharataragaccha-paTTAvalI 1.14 kathAkoza 1.15 sArasvata-vyAkaraNa-rahasya 1.16 phuTakara praznottara 1.17 praznottara-sAra-saMgraha 1.18 draupadI-saMharaNa 1.19 sArasvatIya zabda-rUpAvalI 1.20 tRNASTakam 1.21 rajASTakam 1.22 udgacchasUryabimbASTakam 1.23 samasyASTakam 1.1 bhAvazataka prastuta grantha granthakAra kI prathama upalabdha kRti hai| yaha grantha kAvya-zAstra se sambandhita grantha hai| isameM uttama kAvya, jisameM vAcyArtha kI apekSA vyaMgyArtha adhika AkarSaka hotA hai, kA vivecana kiyA gayA hai| prastuta grantha kA racanA-kAla granthakAra ne isa prakAra diyA hai - zazisAgararasabhatalasaMvati, vihitaM ca bhaavshtkmidm| isameM ullikhita 'sAgara' ko yadi 4 saMkhyA kA pratIka mAnA jAye, to yaha grantha saM0 1641 meM aura yadi 'sAgara' ko 7 kA pratIka mAnA jAya, to saM0 1671 meM yaha grantha gumphita huA thA; kintu sabhI vidvAnoM ne ise saM0 1641 meM racita mAnA hai| prastuta grantha kI pANDulipi lAlabhAI dalapatabhAI pustakAlaya, ahamadAbAda meM upalabdha hai| samprati, yaha grantha aprakAzita hai| 1.2 aSTalakSI saMskRta bhASA meM jahA~ eka ora eka hI zabda ke aneka paryAya zabda haiM, vahA~ katipaya aise zabda bhI haiM, jo anekArthaka hote haiN| saMskRta bhASA ke isa vaiziSTya ko sarvaprathama jaina-AcAryoM, muniyoM ne prayukta kiyaa| pAMcavIM-chaThI zatAbdI se jaina-kaviyoM ne anekArthaka kAvya-racanA prArambha kara diyA thaa| pandrahavIM se bIsavIM zatAbdI taka isa kSetra meM jainakaviyoM ne pracura kArya kiyA hai| isa dizA meM samprati paryanta likhita racanAoM meM yadi kisI racanA kA nAma gaurava ke sAtha liyA jAe, to vaha prastuta kRti hai| isake bAre meM DaoN0 gulAbacanda caudharI ne likhA hai ki mahopAdhyAya samayasundara kRta 'aSTalakSI' bhAratIya kAvya-sAhitya kA hI nahIM, vizva-sAhitya kA advitIya ratna hai| 1. jainasAhitya kA vRhad itihAsa, pRSTha 523

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samayasundara kI racanAe~ 75 yaha kRti kavi samayasundara kI vidvattApUrNa kRtiyoM meM pramukha mAnI jAtI hai / isakI racanA ke sambandha meM bhI eka viziSTa ghaTanA kA ullekha prApta hotA hai / upAdhyAya rUpacandra (ratnavijaya) dvArA likhe gaye eka patra ke anusAra kisI vidvAn ne bAdazAha akabara kI vidvatsabhA meM 'egassa suttassa aNaMto attho' arthAt eka sUtra ke ananta artha hote haiM isa jainAgamika ukti ko uddhRta kara jainiyoM kI khillI udd'aaii| yaha bAta mahopAdhyAya samayasundara ko burI lagI / isake pratyuttara meM hI unhoMne isa grantha kA praNayana kiyA, tAki jainAgamika ukti kI satyatA evaM sArthakatA ko pramANita kiyA jA ske| ataH isa grantha meM kavi kA prazasta pANDitya hI pradarzita huA hai| samrAT akabara ne vi0 saM0 1649 meM kAzmIra- vijayake lie prayANa kara prathama dina arthAt vi0 saM0 1649, zrAvaNa zuklA 13 ko rAjA zrI rAmadAsa kI vATikA meM nivAsa kiyA / vahA~ kavi ne aneka sAmantoM aura vidvAnoM kI sabhA ke madhya isa grantha ko sunAkara apane dharma-granthoM ke vAkya kI satyatA ko pramANita kiyA / samayasundara kA kathana hai ki isa grantha ko sunakara samrAT akabara atyanta camatkRta huA aura usane muktakaNTha se isa grantha kI prazaMsA kii| rAjA ne yaha kahate hue grantha ko lekhaka ke hAthoM meM diyA ki isakA sarvatra pracAra-prasAra ho / uparyukta vRttAnta ko samayasundara ne svayaM isa prakAra likhA hai - saMvati 1642 pramite zrAvaNazuklA 13 dinasandhyAyAM 'kazmIra' deza-vijaya muddizya zrI rAmadAsavATikAyAM kRta prathamaprayANena zrIakabarapAtisAhinA jalAla (luddI) dInena abhijAta sAhijAta zrIsilemasuratrANasAmantamaNDalikarAjivirAjitarAjasabhAyAm anekavidhavaiyAkaraNatArkikavidvattamabhaTTasamakSam asmadguruvarAn yugapradhAnakharatara bhaTTArakazrIjinacandrasUrIzvarAn AcArya zrIjinasiMhasUripramukhakRtamukhasumukhaziSyavrAtasaparikarAn asamAnasanmAnabahumAnadAnapUrva samAhUya ayamaSTa lakSArthI-grantho matpArzvAd vAcayAMcakre'vakreNa cetsaa| tatastadartha zravaNasamutpannaprabhUtanUtanapramodAtirekeNa saMjAtacittacamatkAreNa bahuprakAreNa zrIsAhinA bahuprazaMsApUrvaM paThatAM pAThyatA~ sarvatra vistAryatAMsiddhirastu ityuktvA ca svahastena gRhItvA etat pustakaM mamahaste datvA pramANIkRto'yaM granthaH / uparyukta paMktiyoM se yaha spaSTa ho jAtA hai ki yaha grantha vi0saM0 1649, zrAvaNa zuklA 13 ke pUrva hI pUrNa ho gayA thaa| vaise kavi ne grantha- samApti kI tithi kA ullekha grantha ke anta meM nimnAMkita rUpa meM kiyA hai- zrI vikramanRpavarSAt samaye rasajaladhirAgasoma (1646) mite / kavi ne isa grantha kA nAma 'aSTalakSmI' ke atirikta 'artha-ratnAvalI' bhI rakhA | Aja sAhitya - jagat meM ye donoM hI nAma pracalita haiM / isa grantha kA kalevara kAphI 1. anekArtha-: - ratnamaJjUSA, pRSTha 65

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76 mahopAdhyAya samayasundara : vyaktitva evaM kRtitva vizAla hai| kavi ne isa grantha meM kevala 'rAjA-no-da-da-te-sau-khya-m' (rAjA no dadate saukhyam)-- ina ATha akSaroM ke 10,22,407 (dasa lAkha, bAIsa hajAra, cAra sau sAta) artha karake eka advitIya anekArtha koza banAyA hai| sAhitya-sAgara meM yaha grantha eka advitIya muktAsampuTavat hai| mUlataH kavi ne dasa lAkha se adhika hI artha kiye the, lekina bAda meM unhoMne asambhava yA yojanAviruddha arthoM ko nikAla kara kula ATha lAkha artha hI granthabaddha kiye, jisakA unhoMne 'aSTalakSI' nAma rkhaa| bhAratIya sAhitya meM aneka anekArthI kRtiyA~ milatI haiN| jaina AmnAya meM bhI samaya-samaya para anekArthI sAhitya likhA jAtA rahA hai| lagabhaga 30 kRtiyoM kA ullekha to hIrAlAla rasikadAsa kApar3iyA ne bhI kiyA hai, lekina itane choTe vAkya ke hajAra se adhika artha samayasundara ko chor3akara anya kisI vidvAn ne nahIM kiye haiN| katipaya anekArtha-koSoM kA ullekha kavi ne bhI kiyA hai, jisase jJAta hotA hai ki kavi ne apanA koza banAne se pUrva una koSoM kA bhI adhyayana kiyA hogaa| ve haiM - ___abhidhAna cintAmaNi nAmamAlA-koSa, dhanaMjaya-nAmamAlA, hemacandrAcArya kRta anekArthasaMgraha, tilakAnekArtha, amara ekAkSarI-nAmamAlA, vizvambhU ekAkSarI-nAmamAlA, sudhA-kalaza-ekAkSarI-nAmamAlA, vararuci nighaMTu-nAmamAlA aadi| kavi ne aSTalakSI graMtha ke atirikta anekArthI gItoM aura stotroM kI racanA kI hai, jinakA vivaraNa hama Age prastuta kreNge| yaha abhUtapUrva graMtha pro0 hIrAlAla ra0 kApar3iyA ke sampAdakatva meM pAThAntarasandarbha-sahita zreSThi devacanda lAlabhAI jaina pustakoddhAra saMsthA, mumbaI kI ora se mudrita huA hai| 1.3 maMgalavAda __ prastuta grantha nyAyazAstra se sambandhita hai| isameM maMgala ke prayojana ke viSaya meM vistRta vicAra kiyA gayA hai| nyAyazAstra meM maMgala ke prayojana ke viSaya meM do mata haiM - 1. maMgala se graMtha kI nirvighna samApti hotI hai, 2. maMgala se grantha-nirmANa meM sambhAvita vighnoM kA vinAza hotA hai| prathama pakSa ke anusAra grantha-samApti maMgala kA mukhya phala aura vighna-vinAza gauNa phala hai| dvitIya mata ke anusAra vighna-vinAza hI maMgala kA ekamAtra phala hai| samApti ke sAtha maMgala kA koI kArya-kAraNa-sambandha nahIM hai| prastuta grantha meM maMgala-saMbaMdhI ukta donoM matoM kA savistAra nirUpaNa karate hue maMgala ke tIna prakAroM - zArIrika, vAcika aura mAnasika kA varNana kiyA gayA hai| isI sandarbha meM kezava mizra kI 'tarkabhASA' meM maMgala kA ullekha na hone para bhI graMthakAra dvArA mAnasika rUpa meM maMgala kiye jAne kA samarthana kiyA gayA hai| 1. draSTavya - anekArtha-ratna-maMjUSA, prastAvanA, pRSTha 9-12

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77 samayasundara kI racanAe~ yadyapi 'maMgalavAda' navyanyAya kA viSaya hai aura isakA vivecana bhI pAribhASika bhASA meM hI anya granthoM meM kiyA gayA hai, kintu prastuta graMthakAra ne sAmAnya janatA ke lAbha kI dRSTi se isa durUha viSaya ko sarala bhASA meM prastuta kara lokopakAra kiyA hai| prastuta grantha ke anta meM prApta ullekhoM se jJAta hotA hai ki vi0 saM0 1653, ASAr3ha zuklA 10 ko ilA-durga meM yaha grantha pUrNa huA thaa| granthakAra ne yaha grantha apane ziSya paM0 harSakuzala ke adhyayana ke lie nibaddha kiyA thaa| jaisA ki granthakAra ne svayaM likhA hai - kRtA likhitA ca saMvat 1653 varSe ASAr3ha sudi 10 dine zrIilAdurge cAturmAsasthitena zrIyugapradhAna-zrIjinacandrasUriziSyamukhyapaNDitasakalacandragaNistacchiSya vA0 samayasundaragaNinA paM0 hrssnndnmuni-kute|| prastuta grantha kI hastalikhita prati abhaya jaina granthAlaya, bIkAnera meM upalabdha hai| grantha aprakAzita hai| 1.4 cAturmAsika vyAkhyAna prastuta grantha kA racanA-kAla vi0 saM0 1665, caitra zuklA 10 aura racanAsthAna amarasara hai| granthakAra svayaM ukta tathya ko sUcita karate haiM - zrImadvikramasaMvati, baannrsbhrmrcrnnshshisNkhye| zrIamarasarasi-nagare, caitradazAmbAM ca shuklaayaam|| isa grantha meM sAmAyika, Avazyaka (pratikramaNa), pauSadha, devArcana, snAtravilepana, brahma-kriyA (brahmacarya), dAna aura tapa - ina nau viSayoM kA savistAra vivecana aura vizleSaNa kiyA gayA hai| granthakAra ne ina sabhI viSayoM kI sundara vyAkhyA kI hai| inake bheda-prabheda, svarUpa, phala Adi kA bhI pratipAdana kiyA gayA hai| anta meM viSaya kI spaSTatA evaM zIghrabodhagamyatA ke lie tat-taviSayaka eka-eka dRSTAnta bhI diye gaye haiN| samayasundara ne kevala eka padya meM hI lagabhaga sabhI cAturmAsika kRtyoM kA saMkSipta vivaraNa de diyA hai - sAmAyikAvazyaka-pauSadhAni, devaarcn-snaatrvilepnaani| brahmakriyAdAnatapomukhAni, bhvyaashcturmaasikmNddnaani|| isakI hastalikhita pratiyA~ abhaya jaina granthAlaya, bIkAnera; pUraNacanda nAhara saMgrahAlaya, kolakAtA; jaina zve0 paMcAyatI bar3A maMdira, vArANasI Adi aneka jJAnabhaNDAroM se prApta huI haiN| kevala abhaya jaina granthAlaya, bIkAnera se isakI 7 pratiyA~ upalabdha huI haiN| nAhaTA-bandhuoM ke anusAra yaha grantha prakAzita ho cukA hai, kintu hameM na to isakI prakAzita prati prApta ho sakI hai aura na hI isake prakAzaka ke bAre meM koI ullekhanIya jAnakArI mila sakI hai| 1. draSTavya -- sItArAma -caupAI, pRSTha 53

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78 mahopAdhyAya samayasundara : vyaktitva evaM kRtitva 1.5 kAlakAcArya-kathA __jaina kathA-sAhitya meM prabhAvaka AcAryoM para likhI gaI racanAoM meM kAlakAcArya' kI kathA atyadhika prasiddha rahI hai| kAlakAcArya ke jIvanavRtta meM aneka krAntikArI ghaTanAe~ ghaTita huiiN| una ghaTanAoM ne jaina samAja ko itanA adhika prabhAvita kiyA ki aneka jainAcAryoM ne sthAna-sthAna para una ghaTanAoM kA ullekha kiyA aura una para svatantra kRtiyA~ nibaddha kiiN| kAlakAcArya para likhita kRtiyoM meM 30 kRtiyA~ to aba taka prakAzita ho cukI haiN| videzI-vidvAnoM ko bhI kAlaka kI kathA itanI adhika pasanda AI ki unhoMne to prAkRta-saMskRta meM likhita kucheka kAlika-kathAoM kA aMgrejI meM bhASAntara karake prakAzita kiyA hai|3 kavivara samayasundara kRta kAlakAcArya-kathA' bhI jaina samAja meM kAphI lokapriya rahI hai aura kAlaka-kathA-sAhitya meM apanA gauravapUrNa sthAna rakhatI hai| isa kRti kI hastalikhita prati abhaya jaina granthAlaya, bIkAnera, jaina bhavana, kolakAtA Adi aneka grantha-saMgrahAlayoM meM evaM hamAre saMgraha meM bhI upalabdha hai| kucheka pratiyA~ to sacitra bhI upalabdha hotI haiN| prastuta kRti vi0 saM0 1666 meM rAula tejasI ke rAjya meM vIramapura nagara meM racI gii| lekhaka ne kathAnta meM isakA nirdeza kiyA hai - zrImavikramasaMvati rsrtRshRnggaarsNkhykeshsi| zrIvIramapuranagare, rAulanRpatejasI-rAjye // sampUrNa kathA 441 zloka-parimANa hai| kathA gadya meM haiN| kathA ke prArambha meM kathAkAra ne yaha ullekha kiyA hai ki Aja taka tIna kAlakAcArya hue haiN| prathama kAlakAcArya vIra nirvANa saMvat 376 meM hue the| inakA upanAma zyAmAcArya thaa| inhoMne 'prajJApanA-sUtra' kI racanA kI aura brAhmaNarUpadhArI saudharmendra ke sammukha nigoda kA vivecana kiyA thaa| kucheka vidvAn inheM vIra nirvANa saMvat 320 athavA 325 meM bhI huA mAnate haiN| dvitIya kAlakAcArya vIranirvANa ke 453 varSa pazcAt hue| ye sarasvatI ke bhAI, rAjA gardabhilla ke vijetA aura balabhadra-bhAnumitra ke mAmA the| tRtIya kAlakAcArya vI0 ni0 saM0 993 arthAt vi0 saM0 523 meM hue the| inhoMne mahAvIra 1. draSTavya -(ka) vRhatkalpasUtra, vibhAga 1, patra 73-74 (kha) vyavahAra -cUrNi,dasama udadezaka, (ga) Avazyaka-sUtra,pUrvabhAga, pRSTha 495-96 2. draSTavya - zrI kAlikAcArya - kathA-saMgraha, kuMvarajI hIrajI cher3A, naliyA (kaccha) se prkaashit| 3. draSTavya-kAlakakathA,saMpAdaka-brAuna aura prakAzaka-phriara gailerI oNpha ArTa, vaashiNgttn|

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samayasundara kI racanAe~ 79 yuga se paramparAgata bhAdrapada zukla 5 ko sampanna hone vAle paryuSaNa (saMvatsarI) parva ko bhAdrapada zuklA 4 ko mnaayaa| uparyukta tInoM kAlakAcAryoM meM sAmAnyatayA dvitIya tathA tRtIya kAlaka kI kathA hI vizruta hai, parantu lekhaka ne apanI kRti meM tInoM hI kAlaka-kathAoM kA vivaraNa diyA hai, jo ki isa prakAra hai - isI bharatakSetra meM dhArAvAsa nAmaka eka nagara thaa| vahA~ vajrasiMha nAmaka rAjA rAjya karatA thaa| surasundarI usakI paTTarAjJI thii| eka bAra usane zubhasvapna sUcita eka putra ko janma diyA, jo kAlakakumAra ke nAma se vizruta huaa| vaha zaizavakAla meM hI sabhI kalAoM evaM vidyAoM meM pAraMgata ho gyaa| ekadA usa nagara meM AcArya guNAkarasUri pdhaare| kAlaka unakA pravacana sunakara saMsAra se virakta ho gyaa| usane bar3I kaThinAI se mAtA-pitA Adi abhibhAvakoM se pravrajita hone kI svIkRti prApta kii| kAlaka aura usakI bahina sarasvatI ne bhI dIkSA le lii| muni kAlaka kramazaH gItArtha bane aura AcArya-pada prApta kiyaa| kAlakAcArya eka bAra ujjayinI nagarI gye| vahA~ ke rAjA gardabhilla ne nagaramadhya se gamana karatI huI do sAdhviyoM ko dekhaa| rAjA, sAdhvI sarasvatI para mugdha ho gyaa| vaha use pAnA cAhatA thaa| vayaska sAdhvI ne usakA virodha kiyA, lekina usane azva para baiThe hue hI sarasvatI ko pakar3A aura mahaloM meM bhAga gyaa| __ jaba kAlaka ke pAsa yaha samAcAra pahuMcA, to ve katipaya ziSyoM-sahita rAjA ke pAsa gye| unhoMne evaM saMgha ne rAjA ko yaha duSkarma na karane ke lie nivedana kiyA aura use samajhAyA, parantu kAmuka ke lie upadeza vyartha hotA hai| anta meM kAlaka ne yaha pratijJA kI ki yadi maiM apane sAmarthya se gardabhilla ko zikSA na dUM aura bahina ko isase mukta na karA dUM, to mujhe durgati prApta ho| kAlaka unmatta hokara pAgala-sA pralApa karate hue nagara meM phirane lge| sUri ko aisI avasthA meM dekhakara sArI prajA aura mantrI ityAdi adhikArIgaNa rAjA ke pAsa gaye aura kahA ki he rAjana! isa tapasvinI ko chor3a dIjiye, isase ApakA bar3A apayaza ho rahA hai; kintu rAjA para inakI bAta kA bhI prabhAva nahIM pdd'aa| kAlaka ne jaba yaha jAnA ki rAjA ne sAmantoM kI bAta bhI nahIM mAnI, to unhoMne khinna hokara vahA~ se prayANa kara diyA aura ve anavarata calate hue zaka-kUla meM jA phuNce| vahA~ jo sAmanta the, vaha 'sAhi' yA 'sAkhI' kahalAte the| jaba kAlakasUri sAhi ke deza meM pahu~ce, to unhoMne dekhA ki rAjakumAra kI geMda eka kUpa meM gira gaI aura use nikAlane meM sabhI lar3ake asamartha haiM / kAlaka dhanurvidyA meM pravINa to the hI, unhoMne geMda nikAla lii| sAhi-putra ne mahala meM jAkara yaha adbhuta bAta batAI, to sAhi ne kAlakasUri ko bulaayaa|

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80 mahopAdhyAya samayasundara : vyaktitva evaM kRtitva isa prakAra kAlaka sAhiputra ke dvArA darabAra meM pahu~ca gye| (aisI hI ghaTanA mahAbhArata, pariziSTa, parva sarga 8 meM bhI varNita hai|) kAlaka ne sAhi ko apane vaza meM kara liyaa| eka bAra sAhAnusAhi yA sAkhIrAja kA eka dUta AyA aura usane eka patra diyA, jise par3hakara sAhi kA zarIra kAlA par3a gyaa| kAlaka dvArA kAraNa pUchane para sAhi bolA ki yaha hamAre svAmI kI ruSTatA kA pratIka hai| hamArA svAmI jisase ruSTa hotA hai, usake pAsa usI ke nAma kI mudrAvAlI kaTAra bhejatA hai, jisase use AtmahatyA karanI par3atI hai| yadi usakI isa AjJA kA pAlana na kiyA jAya, to vaha usake sAre parivAra ko naSTa kara DAlatA hai| taba sUri ne pUchA - kyA vaha tumhAre se hI rUThA hai yA kisI aura se bhI? sAhi bolAbhagavan ! mere atirikta 95 anya rAjAoM se bhI, kyoMki '96' kA aMka isa kaTAra para dikhAI detA hai| sUri ne samAdhAna khojate hue batAyA ki yadi aisI bAta hai, to tuma AtmaghAta mata karo aura apane dUta bhejakara 95 hI rAjAoM ko kahalA do ki hama hinduka ko caleMge; vahA~ gardabhilla rAjA ko jItakara, vahA~ zAsana kreNge| 96 rAjA dala-bala sahita ekatrita hue aura sabhI hinduka deza kI ora ravAnA hue| surASTradeza meM pahu~ce, taba taka varSAkAla A gyaa| mArga durgama hone se ve vahIM Thahara ge| varSAvAsa meM sabhI rAjAoM kA dhana-dhAnyAdi samApta ho gayA, to kAlaka ne zAsanadeva kI stuti kI aura unase prApta vAsakSepa ko unhoMne IToM para DAla diyaa| ITeM svarNamayI ho gaIM, jisase rAjAoM ko sArI Rddhi-samRddhi punaH prApta ho gii| samasta loga mAlavadeza pahu~ce aura ujjayanI para car3hAI kara dii| paraspara yuddha huA aura gardabhilla kI senA titara-bitara ho gii| kAlaka ko yaha jJAta thA ki Aja kRSNASTamI hai, ata: gardabhilla gardabhI-vidyA kA smaraNa kregaa| sUri ne sainikoM se aTTAlikAoM para dikhAyA ki kahIM koI gardabhI to dRSTigata nahIM ho rahI hai? sainikoM ne gardabhI hone kI bAta batAyI, to kAlaka ne sabhI rAjAoM ko nirdeza diyA ki tuma mAtra 108 zabdavedhiyoM ko mere pAsa chor3akara yahA~ se pA~ca koza dUra cale jaao| kAlaka ne zabdavedhiyoM ko Adeza diyA ki vaha gardabhI kucha zabdoccAraNa karane ke lie jaise hI apanA mukha khole, usakA mukha eka sAtha tIroM se bIMdha ddaalnaa| yahI huA, gardabhI kucha bola na sakI aura vyathA ke mAre vaha apanI zakti bhI sambhAla na sakI aura vahA~ se bhAgane lgii| gardabhilla para kupita ho jAne se usane usa para viSThA kara dii| gardabhI-vidyA ke abhAva meM gardabhilla kI zakti bhI naSTaprAya ho gyii| anta meM gardabhilla ko pakar3a liyA gyaa| kAlaka ne use dhikkArA aura punaH pratibodha diyA, parantu kUrmakAya para kiye gaye prahAra nirarthaka hote haiM, tathApi kAlaka ke hRdaya meM karuNA jAgRta ho gyii| unhoMne use mukta kara diyA tathA zIghra hI yaha deza chor3akara

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samayasundara kI racanAe~ cale jAne ko kahA tAki zatrujana use mRtyudaNDa na de sakeM / anya sAhijanoM ne sUri ke paryupAsaka sAhi ko sAhAnusAhi banA diyA aura sabhI sukhapUrvaka rahane lge| ye zakakUla se Ae the, ataH ye "zaka" khlaae| isa prakAra zaka- zAsakoM kA vaMza claa| kAlaka ne sAdhvI sarasvatI ko phira se saMyama meM lagAyA aura svayaM ne bhI AlocanA-pratikramaNa karake apane gaNa kA bhAra smbhaalaa| (2) bhRgukaccha nagara ke rAjA balamitra - bhAnumitra, jo ki kAlaka ke bhAnaje the, ne kAlaka ko bhRgukaccha Ane ke lie sAgraha nimantraNa bhejA / kAlaka sAhi se vidA lekara bhRgukaccha phuNce| vahA~ unakA svAgata huaa| rAjA anya matoM kI upekSA karake mAtra jainadharma ko hI zreSTha mAnatA thA / tadartha rAjA purohita ne kAlaka se zAstrArtha kiyA, para vaha parAjita ho gyaa| usane eka cAla calate hue zrAvakoM aura rAjA ko kahA ki ye mahAna guru haiM, inheM kevala miSThAnna-pAna Adi hI gaucarI meM deveN| zrAvakoM ne vaisA hI kiyA / anta meM kAlaka ne bhRgukaccha ko saMklezayukta sthala jAnakara vahA~ se prasthAna kara diyA / kathAkAra kahatA hai ki balabhAnu ne svajanoM kI anumati binA hI kAlaka se pravrajyA grahaNa kara lI, jisase bhAnumitra Adi kAlaka se ruSTa ho gye| zeSa sambandha pUrvavat hai / 81 (3) pramAdagrasta hue ziSyoM ko kAlaka ne kriyA Adi karane ke lie bahuta preraNA dI, lekina usameM koI antara na pdd'aa| ataH eka dina kAlaka ne unheM chor3a diyA aura zayyAtara ko sampUrNa bAta samajhAkara svayaM apane praziSya sAgaracandra ke pAsa svarNapura nagara meM cale gaye / sAgaracandra vyAkhyAna de rahe the, ve unheM pahacAna na pAye / vyAkhyAna samApti para sAgaracandra ne ahaM se pUchA ki merA vyAkhyAna kaisA lagA? yadi koI saMdeha huA ho, to kaho / kAlaka ne dharma-adharma kI anekAntavAda ke AdhAra para yuktisaMgata samIkSA kI, jise sunakara sAgaracandra Azcaryacakita ho gyaa| udhara pramAdI ziSyoM ne guru-viyoga ho jAne se duHkha kiyaa| unhoMne zayyAtara se guru ke bAre meM puuchaa| usane unheM unake pramAda, avinaya Adi durguNayukta hone ke kAraNa phttkaaraa| jaba ziSyoM ne kahA ki aba hama sAdhu-AcaraNa kareMge, to usane kAlaka ke svarNapura meM gamana karane bAta batA dii| ziSya vahA~ phuNce| unase jaba jJAta huA ki pUrva Ae vRddha sAdhu hI kAlaka haiM, to sAgara ne unase kSamA maaNgii| ( 4 ) kisI avasara para sImandhara svAmI ne indra ko nigoda kA svarUpa banAyA, to usane pUchA ki bharata kSetra meM bhI koI nigoda-vicAra ko jAnatA hai? bhagavAn ne kAlakAcArya

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82 mahopAdhyAya samayasundara : vyaktitva evaM kRtitva kA nAma prastuta kiyA / indra brAhmaNa kA rUpa banAkara aayaa| kAlaka ne nigoda para sUkSma vicAra kahe / indra ne kAlaka kA vizeSa jJAna dekhane ke lie apanI Ayu puuchii| kAlaka ne jaba usakI Ayu sAgaropamoM meM dekhI, to unhoMne indra ko pahacAna liyA / indra ne unakI bhUri-bhUri prazaMsA kI aura calA gyaa| udhara se kAlaka ke ziSya gaucarI lekara vApasa upAzraya Aye, to unheM adbhuta Aloka dRSTigocara huaa| ziSyoM ke pUchane para kAlaka ne Adyanta bAta btaaii| jIvana ke anta meM unhoMne saMlekhanA - vrata grahaNa kiyA aura samAdhipUrvaka marakara devaloka prApta kiyA / kathAkAra ne isa kRti meM aneka sthAnoM para grantha-sUkta, subhASita-vacanoM, uddharaNoM Adi kA prayoga kiyA hai / kathA meM lAvaNya lAne ke lie unhoMne kahIM-kahIM tatkAlIna hindI meM bhI vAkya-racanA kI hai / kathAkAra kI gadyazailI kahIM-kahIM to padyazailI-sI pratIta hotI hai / kathA kA zabda-vinyAsa hI use sAhityika koTi taka le jAne meM sahAyaka siddha hotA hai / prastuta kathA 'kAlikAcArya - kathA saMgraha' se saMgrahIta hai, jisake sampAdaka haiMambAlAla premacanda zAha aura prakAzaka haiM kuMvarajI hIrajI cher3A, naliyA (kcch)| samayasundara kI isa kathA kA prAcIna rAjasthAnI meM bhASAnuvAda bhI huA hai, jisakI pANDulipi abhaya jaina granthAlaya, bIkAnera se prApta huI hai / usa pANDulipi ke anta meM prApta ullekhAnusAra yaha anuvAdita racanA jinalAbhasUri ke samaya meM paNDita giradhara ne sojita nagara meM likhI thii| 1.6 zrAvakArAdhanA jaina dharma meM zrAvaka-dharma evaM zramaNa - dharma - donoM kA pratipAdana kiyA gayA hai| prastuta kRti kA varNya viSaya zrAvaka-dharma se sambandhita hai| isa kRti meM lekhaka ne zrAvaka karaNIya karttavyoM ko pAMca adhikAroM meM vivecita kiyA hai| pA~ca adhikAra nimnalikhita haiM. - 1. samyaktva-zuddhiH, 2. aSTAdazapApasthAnakaparihAra:, 3. caturazItilakSajIvayonikSAmaNam, 4. duSkRta garhA evaM 5. sukRta - anumodanA / 1. samyaktva - zuddhi - isameM deva, guru aura dharma kA svarUpa batAte hue kahA gayA hai ki ina tInoM para aTUTa zraddhA rakhanA hI samyaktva zuddhi hai / 2. aSTAdaza- pApasthAnaka - parihAra - prastuta prakaraNa meM aThAraha pApasthAnoM ke nAma, svarUpa Adi batAte hue una pApoM ke parihAra kA nirdeza kiyA gayA hai / aThAraha pApa ye haiM 1. prANAtipAta, 2. mRSAvAda, 3. adattAdAna, 4. maithuna, 5. parigraha, 6. krodha, 7. mAna, 8. mAyA, 9. . lobha, 10. rAga, 11. dveSa, 12. kalaha, 13. abhyAkhyAna, 14. paizunya, -

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samayasundara kI racanAe~ 15. rati-arati, 16. paraparivAda, 17. mAyAmRSAvAda aura 18. mithyaatv-shly| lekhaka ne prathama pAMca pApoM ko pAMca Azrava kahA hai| tatpazcAt vAle cAra pApoM ko cAra kaSAya aura rAga evaM dveSa ko bandhana kahA hai| zeSa pApoM ko kisI ke antargata na rakhakara svatantra nAma diye gaye haiN| 3.caturazItijIvayonikSAmaNam- isa adhikAra meM caurAsI lAkha jIvayoniyoM meM rahane vAle jIvoM ke prati huI virAdhanA yA aparAdhoM ke lie kSamA-yAcanA karane kA mukhyataH nirdeza kiyA gayA hai| mahopAdhyAya samayasundara ne ina caurAsI lAkha jIvayoniyoM kA vargIkaraNa isa prakAra kiyA hai - sAta lAkha pRthvIkAya, sAta lAkha apkAya, sAta lAkha tejaskAya, sAta lAkha vAyu-kAya, dasa lAkha pratyeka-vanaspati-kAya, caudaha lAkha sAdhAraNa-vanaspati-kAya, do lAkha dvIndriya, do lAkha trIndriya, do lAkha caturindriya, cAra lAkha devatA, cAra lAkha nArakI, cAra lAkha tiryaJca paMcendriya aura caudaha lAkha manuSya = caurAsI lAkha jiivyoni| __lekhaka ne inake atirikta ina yoniyoM meM Ane vAle jIvoM kA bhI vistRta ullekha kiyA hai| una jIvoM ke AyuSya, sthiti, deha-parimANa aura yoni-parimANa kA bhI varNana kiyA hai| 4. duSkRta-garhA- prastuta adhikAra meM svadharma kA khaNDana, paradharma kA maNDana, Arambha-samArambha aura paMca aNuvrata evaM zrAvakadharma ke bAraha vrata ke khaNDana se lage doSoM kA vivaraNa dete hue yaha batAyA hai ki inakI gardA karanI caahiye| 5. sukRta-anumodanA- isameM zrAvaka dharma ke bAraha-vrata, tIrtha-yAtrA, pustakalekhana, jinamandira-nirmANa-jIrNoddhAra, pauSadha, dAna, zIla, tapa, caturvidha saMgha vaiyAvRtya Adi sukRtoM kA varNana karate hue unakI anumodanA karane kA vidhAna kiyA gayA hai| isa taraha hama dekhate haiM ki samayasundara ne zrAvaka-dharma kA sundara evaM navIna vivecana kiyA hai| zrAvaka-jIvana kI uparokta bhUmikAe~ usakA vikAsa karane vAlI haiN| prastuta grantha gadyabaddha hai| isakI saMskRta bhASA atyanta sarala hai| zabdAvalI Adyanta saralatama hone se zIghrabodhagamya hai| samayasundara ne yaha grantha mahimAsamudra nAmaka apane ziSya ke Agraha se nibaddha kiyA thaa| isakA racanA-kAla vi0 saM0 1667 aura racanA-sthAna ucca-nagara hai| granthAnta meM likhA hai - ___ uccAbhidhAna nagare........... mahimAsamudra-ziSyAgraheNa muniSaDrasacandravarSe // zrI abhaya jaina granthAlaya, bIkAnera; zrI jinakuzalasUri jJAna bhaNDAra, rAmaghATa, vArANasI Adi jJAna bhaNDAroM meM prastuta grantha kI kaI pANDulipiyA~ upalabdha haiN|

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84 mahopAdhyAya samayasundara : vyaktitva evaM kRtitva 1.7 samAcArI-zataka prastuta grantha meM vidvadvarya samayasundara ne AcAra-sambandhI 200 vivAdAspada praznoM kA samAdhAna karate hue kharataragaccha kI paramparA kI Agama-sammatatA siddha kI hai| lekhaka ke pahale bhI samaya-samaya para kharataragaccha ke AcAryoM ne aise grantha likhe the| ina granthoM meM maNidhArI jinacandrasUri racita 'padavyavasthA kulaka', AcArya jinaprabhasUri racita 'vidhiprapA', rudrapallIya AcArya varddhamAnasUri racita 'AcAra-dinakara' Adi ullekhanIya haiN| ina saba granthoM ke hote hue bhI lekhaka ne anya gacchAvalambiyoM dvArA kharataragaccha para kiye jAne vAle sAmayika AkSepoM kA samAdhAna isa kRti meM kiyA hai| lekhaka ke anusAra aise gacchAvalambiyoM meM tapAgaccha ke upAdhyAya dharmasAgara pramukha the| yadyapi lekhaka ne isa grantha meM apane gaccha para kiye jAne vAle AkSepoM kA pratyuttara diyA hai, phira bhI unhoMne kisI para bhI pratyAkSepa nahIM kiyA hai| unhoMne zaMkAoM ke samAdhAna ke sambandha meM apanI ora se kucha kahane kI apekSA apanI mAnyatA ko puSTa karane vAle Agamika pramANa dene kA prayatna adhika kiyA hai| Agamika athavA anya prAcIna granthoM se pramANa prastuta karane ke pazcAt bhI anta meM yaha nirdeza diyA hai ki vizeSa satya to kevalI-gamya hai| isase unakI udAra dRSTi kA hI paricaya prApta hotA hai| isa grantha kI racanA kaba huI, yaha nizcita rUpa se nahIM kahA jA sktaa| yaha grantha zrI jinadattasUri prAcIna pustakoddhAra-phaNDa, mumbaI (jinadattasUri jJAna bhaNDAra, sUrata) se prakAzita hai| isa grantha meM Adyanta kahIM bhI grantha ke racanA-kAla kA nirdeza nahIM kiyA gayA hai, kintu mahopAdhyAya vinayasAgara ne prastuta grantha ke racanA-kAla kA nirdeza granthakAra dvArA likhita nimnalikhita paMktiyoM meM kiyA hai - prArabdhaM kila siMdhudezaviSaye zrI siddhpuryaamidN| mUlatrANapure kriyAdviracitaM varSatrayAta praagmyaa|| sampUrNa vidadhepure sukhakare zrI meddtaanaamke| zrI mavikramasaMvati dvi-munisstt-praaleyrocirmite||1 uparyukta uddharaNa se prakaTa hotA hai ki isa grantha kA prArambha vi0 saM0 1669 meM siddhapurI meM huA aura varSatraya pazcAt vi0 saM0 1672 meM mer3atA meM yaha grantha pUrNa huaa| __ mohanalAla da0 desAI ne bhI apane nibandha meM ukta racanA-kAla kA hI ullekha kiyA hai, kintu isakI prakAzita prati meM uparyukta zloka nahIM hai| sambhavata: jisa pANDulipi ke AdhAra para yaha grantha prakAzita huA hai, usameM ukta padya likhanA chUTa gayA hogaa| 1. samayasuMdara kRti kusumAMjali, mahopAdhyAya samayasuMdara, pRSTha 53 2. AnaMda-kAvya-mahodadhi, mauktika 7,kavivara samayasuMdara, pRSTha 30

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samayasundara kI racanAe~ yaha grantha pAMca prakAzoM meM vibhakta hai| prathama prakAza meM 37 adhikAra, dvitIya prakAza meM 11 adhikAra, tRtIya prakAza meM 13 adhikAra, caturtha prakAza meM 28 adhikAra aura paMcama prakAza meM 11 adhikAra haiN| isa prakAra isameM kula 100 adhikAra haiN| pratyeka adhikAra kI viSaya-vastu bhinna-bhinna hai| Age hama kramazaH unakA vivaraNa prastuta kreNge| granthakAra ne grantha ke prArambha meM 10 zlokoM meM prArambhika maMgala karate hue grantha kA purovAk likhA hai, jisameM unhoMne grantha kA sAmAnya paricaya diyA hai| kharataragaccha para kiye gaye vividha AkSepoM kA nirAkaraNa karanA hI grantha kA mukhya prayojana batAyA gayA hai| saMkSepa meM grantha ke pratyeka adhikAra kA varNya-viSaya isa prakAra hai - prathama prakAza pahalA adhikAra- 'sAmAyika-vrata' grahaNa karate samaya kharataragaccha meM pahale 'sAmAyikapratijJA-sUtra' bolate haiM aura pazcAt 'IryApathikI' pratikramaNa karate haiM; jabaki katipaya anya gacchoM meM pahale 'IryApathikI' pratikramaNa karate haiM aura pazcAt sAmAyika-pratijJAsUtra kA uccAraNa karate haiN| granthakAra ne apane gaccha kI prathama sAmAyika-pratijJA-sUtra kA uccAraNa karane sambandhI mAnyatA ko Agama-sammata siddha kiyA hai| dUsarA adhikAra-kharataragaccha meM parva divasoM meM hI pauSadha-vrata karane kI jo paramparA hai, vaha kisa sImA taka zAstra-sammata hai, use isa adhikAra meM pramANita kiyA hai| tIsarA adhikAra - kharataragaccha meM bhagavAn mahAvIra ke SaTkalyANaka mAne jAte haiM, jabaki anya kucha gacchoM meM pA~ca kalyANaka mAne jAte haiM / granthakAra ne prastuta adhikAra meM mahAvIra ke SaTkalyANaka kI kharataragacchIya avadhAraNA ko Agama-sammata siddha kiyA hai| isameM cyavana, janma, dIkSA, kevalajJAna aura mokSa - ina pAMca kalyANakoM ke atirikta garbha saMkramaNa nAmaka chaThA kalyANaka bhI mAnA jAtA hai| cauthA adhikAra - yaha adhikAra aitihAsika dRSTi se mahattvapUrNa hai| tapAgaccha ke upAdhyAya dharmasAgara ne 'kumatikandakuddAla' (pravacana-parIkSA) nAmaka grantha banAkara kharataragaccha para aneka AkSepa kiye| una AkSepoM meM pramukha haiM - kharataragaccha kI utpatti jinezvarasUri se nahIM huI hai, apitu jinadattasUri se huI hai; abhayadevasUri kharataragaccha ke nahIM the, aadi| vi0 saM0 1617 kArtika zuklA 7 ko pATaNa meM eka saMgIti niyojita kI gaI, jisameM sabhI gacchoM ke AcAryoM ne bhAga liyaa| isa saMgIti meM upAdhyAya dharmasAgara ko punaH-puna: nimantraNa dene para bhI ve nahIM aae| ata: saMgIti meM u0 dharmasAgara ko utsUtravAdI ghoSita kiyA gayA aura kharataragaccha para lagAye gaye AropoM kA nirAkaraNa kiyA gyaa| abhayadevasUri kharataragaccha meM hue - yaha pramANita huaa|

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mahopAdhyAya samayasundara : vyaktitva evaM kRtitva saMgIti meM diye gaye pramANa-patra kI nakala evaM usameM liye gaye nirNayoM ko bhI granthakAra ne prastuta adhikAra meM diyA hai| usa matapatra meM ukta vivAda ke atirikta saMgIti meM Amantrita evaM upasthita gacchAcAryoM, vidvatmuniyoM aura pramukha paNDitoM kA bhI nAmollekha hai| pA~cavA~ adhikAra - isa adhikAra meM 'Ayariya-uvajjJAe' nAmaka sUtra kA paThana gRhasthoM ko hI karanA cAhie, muniyoM ko nahIM, para sapramANa prakAza DAlA gayA hai| chaThA adhikAra- sAdhu ke sAtha sAdhvI kA vihAra varjanIya hai, isa tathya ko Agamika uddharaNa dekara spaSTa evaM puSTa kiyA gayA hai| sAtavA~ adhikAra - prastuta adhikAra meM adhika dina taka bhIge hue dvidala, gehUM Adi ke bane hue acitta padArtha muni ke lie grAhya haiM, yA nahIM - isa prazna kI carcA karate hue ina padArthoM kI grAhyatA saMbaMdhI kharataragacchIya avadhAraNA ko Agama-sammata siddha kiyA hai| AThavA~ adhikAra - isa prakaraNa meM lekhaka ne caturdazI tithi ke TUTane para pAkSika pratikramaNa paurNamAsI ko karanA hI Agama-sammata hai- aisA siddha kiyA hai| novA~ adhikAra - prastuta adhikAra meM kisa prakAra kA jala muni ke lie grAhya hai - isa saMbaMdha meM vicAra karate hue yaha batAyA hai ki sabhI prakAra kA prAsuka jala muni ke lie grAhya hai| dasavA~ adhikAra - isameM AcAmla (Ayambila-tapa) meM upacita arthAt pakva anna evaM prAsuka jala ke atirikta anya sabhI khAdya-peya padArthoM ko tyAjya batAyA gayA hai| gyArahavA~ adhikAra - apakva dUdha meM dvidala padArtha ko grahaNa karanA ucita nahIM hai- isa bAta ko prastuta adhikAra meM AgamoddharaNoM se pramANita kiyA gayA hai| bArahavA~ adhikAra - isa prakaraNa meM mUMga Adi ke samAna saMgara Adi bhI dvidala haiM yA nahIM, isa prazna kI carcA kI gaI hai aura prAcIna AcAryoM ke matoM kA ullekha karate hue unake dvidalatva ko siddha kiyA gayA hai| terahavA~ adhikAra - prastuta adhikAra meM pratyAkhyAna lete samaya meM peya padArtha saMbaMdhI 'pANassa leveNa vAaleveNa vA' Adi cha: AgAra (apavAda) saMbaMdhI pATha kA uccAraNa kise karanA cAhiye aura kise nahIM karanA cAhie- isakI carcA karate hue yaha siddha kiyA hai ki isa AgAra-saMbaMdhI pATha kA uccAraNa mAtra muniyoM ko karanA cAhiye, gRhasthoM ko nahIM; kyoMki gRhastha ke lie ina apavAdoM kA sevana ucita nahIM hai| caudahavA~ adhikAra - sAmAnyatayA AgamoM meM draupadI Adi ke jina pratimA-pUjA saMbaMdhI ullekha upalabdha hote haiM, phira kyA kAraNa hai ki kharataragaccha meM zrAvikAoM ko mUla pratimA kI pUjA kA niSedha kiyA gayA hai| granthakAra ne isa samasyA kI carcA karate hue yaha batAyA hai ki kharataragaccha meM bhI mAtra taruNa striyoM ke lie pUjA kA niSedha kiyA gayA hai, bAla athavA vRddha striyoM ke liye nhiiN| taruNa striyoM ke lie bhI kevala candanAdi pUjA kA niSedha

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samayasundara kI racanAe~ 87 hai, kyoMki usameM sparza hotA hai, dhUpa Adi anya pUjAoM kA niSedha usake lie nahIM hai| yaha niSedha bhI jinadattasUri ne mUla pratimA kI sAtizayatA kI rakSA kI dRSTi se hI kiyA hai| pandrahavA~ adhikAra- prastuta prakaraNa meM isa bAta kI puSTi kI gaI hai ki vartamAnakAla meM zArIrika sAmarthya, sAhasa Adi kI alpatA ke kAraNa zrAvakoM ko gyAraha pratimAoM ke dhAraNa karane kA niSedha hai, kyoMki gyAraha pratimAdhAraka para upasarga evaM parISaha Ane kI pUrNa sambhAvanA hotI hai| solahavA~ adhikAra- isameM eka sAtha adhika upavAsa ke pratyAkhyAna kA niSedha kiyA gayA hai tathA isa tathya ko Agama evaM pUrvAcAryoM dvArA racita granthoM ke pramANa se siddha kiyA gayA hai ki eka se jyAdA upavAsa karane ke sthAna para pratidina eka-eka upavAsa kA pratyAkhyAna karavAnA caahiye| satarahavA~ adhikAra- prastuta adhikAra meM karemi bhante' satra arthAta sAmAyika-pratijJA sUtra ko tIna bAra bolanA zAstra-sammata pramANita kiyA gayA hai| aThArahavA~ adhikAra - isa prakaraNa meM zrAvaka ke lie rajoharaNa yA caravalA rakhanA Avazyaka nahIM hai- isa bAta kI puSTi kI gaI hai| isI prakAra yaha bhI spaSTa kiyA gayA hai ki zrAvaka ko vaMdana, kAyotsarga Adi karate samaya use kevala pramArjana Adi ke lie apane caraNoM ke pAsa rajoharaNa yA caravalA rakhanA caahiye| unnIsavA~ adhikAra - vivecya adhikAra meM pauSadha kI rAtri ke antima muhUrta meM punaH sAmAyika grahaNa karanA Avazyaka batAyA gayA hai aura isake lie zAstrIya pramANa evaM tarka prastuta kie haiN| bIsavA~ adhikAra - tapAgacchAdi meM pratilekhanA ke samaya 'bahupaDipunA porisI' sUtra uccarita hotA hai, kintu kharataragaccha meM 'ugghADA porisii'| kavi ne kharataragaccha kI mAnyatA ko Agama-sammata siddha kiyA hai| ikkIsavA~ adhikAra - prastuta prakaraNa meM zizu-janma, maraNa ityAdi prasaMgoM meM sUtaka mAnane saMbaMdhI avadhAraNA ko pUrvAcArya kRta granthoM ke AdhAra para puSTa karate hue yaha batAyA gayA hai ki jina gahoM meM sUtaka ho, vahA~ zramaNa ko pratyeka prakAra ke sUtaka ke lie nirdiSTa dinoM taka bhikSAdika grahaNa nahIM karanA caahie| bAIsavA~ adhikAra - anya gacchoM ke zrAvaka pratikramaNa sUtra ke anta meM khar3e hokara 'tassa dhammassa kevalipannatassa'- isa pATha ke uccAraNa karane kI paramparA hai, kintu kharataragaccha meM yaha paramparA nahIM hai| lekhaka ne ukta pATha ke uccAraNa ke sthAna para kharataraparamparAnusAra usake artha kA antas meM cintana karanA hI zAstrasammata batAyA hai| teIsavA~ adhikAra- jainoM meM paryuSaNa-parva pramukha parva mAnA jAtA hai| yaha parva kisa dina manAyA jAye, isa prazna ko lekara Antarika vivAda hai| prastuta prakaraNa meM samayasundara ne

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88 mahopAdhyAya samayasundara : vyaktitva evaM kRtitva ASAr3ha paurNamAsI se pacAsa dina pazcAt paryuSaNa / saMvatsarI pratikramaNa karane ke mata kA samarthana kiyA hai aura yaha batAyA hai ki do zrAvaNa hoM, to dvitIya zrAvaNa ke zukla pakSa kI caturthI aura yadi do bhAdrapada hoM, to prathama bhAdrapada kI zuklA caturthI ko paryuSaNa / saMvatsarI karanA cAhiai / caubIsavA~ adhikAra - paryuSaNa parva meM 'kalpasUtra' kA vAcana kiyA jAtA hai| kharataragaccha me deza, samaya tathA paristhiti ke anusAra nava, gyAraha yA teraha vAcanAoM meM vibhAjita karake 'kalpasUtra' kA vAcana hotA hai, jabaki tapAgacchAdi meM nava vAcanAoM meM hI ise samApta kiyA jAtA hai| lekhaka ne prastuta adhikAra meM ukta tathya kI carcA karate hue apanI mAnyatA ko sapramANa zAstra sammata batAyA hai / paccIsavA~ adhikAra - kharataragaccha ke anusAra upadhAna-tapa ke atirikta pauSadha-vrata meM mAtra jala hI grahaNa kara sakate haiM, bhojana nahIM; kintu tapAgaccha Adi anya gacchoM kI mAnyatAnusAra pauSadha-vrata meM bhojana grahaNa kiyA jA sakatA hai- isa prakaraNa meM isa matabheda kI carcA karate hue granthakAra ne apane gaccha kI paramparA ko zAstrIya siddha kiyA hai| chabbIsavA~ adhikAra - isa prakaraNa meM zAstra - sammati se yaha pramANita kiyA gayA hai ki jina pratimA kI 'aMjanazalAkA' kevala AcArya hI karA sakate haiM, sAmAnya muni nahIM / sattAIsavA~ adhikAra - prastuta adhikAra meM Agamika uddharaNa dekara yaha batAyA gayA hai ki caturdazI tithi ke kSaya hone para pauSadha Adi dharmakRtya paurNamAsI ko karanA cAhiye / aThThAIsavA~ adhikAra - isa prakaraNa meM tithi kI vRddhi hone para usa tithi meM kiye jAne vAle dhArmika kArya prathama tithi meM karane kA nirdeza diyA hai| isa bAta kI puSTi ke liye lekhaka ne vividha granthoM ke pramANa bhI diye haiM / untIsavA~ adhikAra - tapAgaccha ke anuyAyI bhojana grahaNa karake bhI pauSadha - vrata svIkAra kara lete haiM aura kharataragaccha ke anuyAyI aisA nahIM krte| isa prakaraNa meM bhojana karake pauSadha grahaNa karanA zAstrIya dRSTi se anucita batAyA gayA hai| tIsavA~ adhikAra - sAmAnyatayA kharataragaccha meM kalyANaka - tithi athavA parva tithiyoM meM hI pauSadha grahaNa karane kA vidhAna hai, anya tithiyoM meM pauSadha karane kA niSedha kiyA gayA hai; tathApi upadhAna-tapa ke samaya to zrAvaka pratidina pauSadha karate haiM / ataH prazna yaha uThatA hai ki jaba anya tithiyoM meM pauSadha kA niSedha kiyA gayA hai taba upadhAna-tapa ke samaya aisA kyoM kiyA jAtA hai? isake uttara meM granthakAra meM isameM yaha batAyA hai ki gItArtha muniyoM ne upadhAna-tapa ke samaya sarvatithiyoM meM pauSadha karane kA vidhAna kiyA hai aura isI AdhAra para upadhAna meM sarvatithiyoM meM pauSadha kiyA jAtA hai| - ikatIsavA~ adhikAra - isameM kharataragaccha meM 'sAmAyika' grahaNa karate samaya 'svAdhyAya' nimitta ATha bAra navakAra mantra uccArita kiyA jAtA hai, parantu yaha bAta AgamoM meM

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samayasundara kI racanAe~ ullikhita hai athavA nahIM- isa para vicAra karate hue ise AgamoM meM ullikhita na mAnakara, guru-paramparA prApta hI batAyA hai| battIsavA~ adhikAra - prastuta adhikAra meM 'paDilehana' (pratilekhana) kriyA meM vastroM evaM kambala kI pratilekhanA ke niyama batAte hue prAbhAtika pratilekhana-kriyA karate samaya pahale kambala tatpazcAt anya vastroM kA pratilekhana karanA tathA saMdhyAkAlika pratilekhana karate samaya pahale vastroM kA aura bAda meM kambala kA pratilekhana karanA zAstra-sammata batAyA gayA hai| taiMtIsavA~ adhikAra- sAmAyika vrata aMgIkAra karate samaya vratoccAraNa meM subaha baisaNo saMdisAhU~, vaisaNo ThAU~' bolakara bAda meM sajjhAya saMdisAhU~', 'sajjhAya karU~' ityAdi sUtra bolate haiM, jabaki sAyaMkAla meM pahale 'sajjhAya....', pazcAt 'vaisaNau .......' ke sUtra bole jAte haiN| prastuta adhikAra meM lekhaka ne ise zAstra-sammata kahA hai| cauMtIsavA~ adhikAra - isa prakaraNa meM granthakAra ne yaha batAyA hai ki yadyapi sAmayika vrata meM vastrAdi dhAraNa karane kA AgamoM meM ullekha nahIM hai, tathApi pUrvAcAryoM ke granthoM ke pramANoM ke AdhAra para vastra dhAraNa kie jAte haiN| paiMtIsavA~ adhikAra- pratikramaNa karate samaya pratikramaNa ke sthApanAvasara para kharataragaccha meM 'vandana' nimitta cAra 'khamAsamaNA' diye jAte haiM aura anya gacchoM meM pA~ca / lekhaka ne prastuta adhikAra meM kharataragaccha kI mAnyatA ko zAstra-sammata siddha kiyA hai| chattIsavA~ adhikAra - isa prakaraNa meM do kArtika mAsa hone para prathama kArtika mAsa meM cAturmAsika prakaraNa karane ko zAstrokta siddha kiyA gayA hai| saiMtIsavA~ adhikAra - isa adhikAra meM kacce dUdha, dahI Adi ke sAtha dvidala padArthoM (canA, moTha Adi)ko grahaNa karane kA Agamika AdhAroM para niSedha kiyA gayA hai| granthakAra yahA~ apane praguru evaM guru ke prati zraddhAMjali arpita karate hue 'prathama prakAza' samApta karatA hai| dvitIya prakAza ar3atIsavA~ adhikAra- isa adhikAra meM jainAgamoM kI saMkhyA-nirdhAraNa para carcA karate hue yaha sapramANa siddha kiyA gayA hai ki 11 aMga, 12 upAMga, 11 prakIrNaka, 6 cheda, 4 mUla, nandI aura anuyogadvAra - isa prakAra AgamoM kI saMkhyA 45 hai| unatAlIsavA~ adhikAra-jinapratimA evaM unakI pUjA kA jina zAstroM meM ullekha upalabdha hotA hai, inakA isa prakaraNa meM nirdeza kiyA gayA hai| cAlIsavA~ adhikAra- isa adhikAra kA pratipAdya viSaya hai- jJAnAdi-guNa-rahita jinapratimA bhI sAkSAt jina ke samAna hI hotI hai| granthakAra ne ise zAstroM ke uddharaNoM aura pramANoM se puSTa kiyA hai|

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mahopAdhyAya samayasundara : vyaktitva evaM kRtitva ikatAlIsavA~ adhikAra - isa prakaraNa meM isa bAta ko siddha kiyA gayA hai ki jo phala sAkSAta jinezvara kI arcanA karane se prApta hotA hai, vahI phala jinamUrtti kI arcanA karane se prApta hotA hai / bayAlIsavA~ adhikAra - jina pratimA kI pUjA karane se SaTkAya kI hiMsA hotI hai / udAharaNArtha- pratimA nirmANa ke samaya sacitta pASANa ke chedana se pRthvIkAya kI, jalaabhiSeka ke apkAya kI, dIpojvalana se agnikAya kI, zaMkhavAdana se vAyukAya kI, kusuma arpita karane se vanaspatikAya kI aura prajvalita dIpa meM pataMgA girane se sakAya kI hiMsA hotI hai| vivecya adhikAra meM uparyukta praznoM kA samyak nirAkaraNa kiyA gayA hai| 90 taiMtAlIsavA~ adhikAra - jinamUrti pUjA kA phala jina-jina AgamoM meM yA graMthoM meM varNita hai, unake tat tat sandarbhoM kA isa prakaraNa meM viniyojana kiyA gayA hai| cavAlIsavA~ adhikAra - devaloka meM sUryAbha Adi devoM dvArA jo jinapratimA kI pUjA kI jAtI hai, vaha puNya karma hai yA pApakarma isa prazna kA samAdhAna karate hue use puNyakarma batalAyA gayA hai| isake atirikta isI prakAra meM eka anya prazna upasthita kiyA gayA hai ki jaba sUryAbha Adi samyaktvI deva jina-pUjArtha apane vimAna se bAhara jAte haiM, taba kadAcit vimAna meM mithyAtvI deva bhI zeSa rahate hoMge- aisI sthiti meM kyA jinapratimA apUjya rahatI hai ? isake pratyuttara meM granthakarttA batAte haiM ki ve mithyAtvI deva bhI usI prakAra pUjA karate haiM, jisa prakAra samyaktvI grAmAdhIza ke abhAva meM anya grAmavAsI / paiMtAlIsavA~ adhikAra kharataragaccha meM Agama-vyAkhyA karane se pUrva pratyeka Agama ke lie pRthak-pRthak yoga kiyA jAtA hai, jabaki katipaya anya gacchoM meM yaha mAnyatA nahIM prastuta adhikAra meM lekhaka ne kharataragaccha kI mAnyatA ko zAstrasammata siddha kiyA hai| chiyAlIsavA~ adhikAra - prastuta adhikAra meM mUrtipUjaka - paramparA meM sAdhu-sAdhviyoM meM daNDa rakhane kI jo paramparA hai, usake Agamika pramANa diye gaye haiM / saiMtAlIsavA~ adhikAra - prastuta prakaraNa meM jo loga paiMtAlIsa AgamoM ko svIkAra nahIM karate haiM, unase vividha prazna kiye gaye haiM, jaise- colapaTTaka, mukhavastrikA, odhA Adi kA pramANa kisa AdhAra para nirdhArita karate haiM? sAdhu pustaka Adi kI rakSA kisa AdhAra para karate haiM? pAtroM para lepana karane kA AdhAra kyA hai? jala kitane kAla taka prAsuka rahatA hai? aadi-aadi| aura yaha pUchA gayA hai ki ve jina kriyAoM ko karate haiM, unakA unake dvArA mAnya battIsa AgamoM meM kahIM ullekha nahIM haiM, phira ve una kriyAoM ko kisa AdhAra para karate haiM? yadi ve una kriyAoM ko anya Agamika granthoM ke AdhAra para karate haiM, to unheM una Agama granthoM ko bhI svIkAra karanA cAhiye / prastuta prakaraNa mukhyataH sthAnakavAsI mAnyatAoM se saMbaMdhita hai| sthAnakavAsI samAja kI aisI aneka mAnyatAe~ -

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samayasundara kI racanAe~ 91 haiM, jo unake dvArA mAnya AgamoM meM varNita nahIM hai| unakA AdhAra mukhyatayA anya Agamika grantha hI haiN| lekhaka ne unakI mAnyatAoM kA vistRta vivaraNa dekara yaha batAne kA prayAsa kiyA hai ki jina AdhAroM para ve ina mAnyatAoM ko svIkAra karate haiM, unake AdhArabhUta granthoM ko asvIkAra karanA unake lie ucita nahIM hai| ar3atAlIsavA~ adhikAra- jina granthoM meM jinapratimA-pUjA-phala pratipAdita kiyA gayA hai, unakA isa adhikAra meM savistAra ullekha kiyA gayA hai| tRtIya prakAza unacAsavA~ adhikAra- isameM zrAvakoM ke lie pratikramaNa, vandana Adi meM mukhyavastrikA ke prayoga kA vidhAna jina granthoM meM nirdiSTa hai, unake uddharaNa diye gaye haiN| pacAsavA~ adhikAra - 'khAmaNA' ke samaya dvitIya vandana meM 'khAmemi khamAsamaNoM' isa pATha kA uccAraNa karane kI tIna paramparAe~ haiM- eka paramparA ke anusAra yaha pATha AcArya ke caraNoM meM sira rakhakara kiyA jAtA hai, dUsarI paramparA meM khar3e hokara kiyA jAtA hai aura tIsarI paramparAnusAra yaha pATha baiThe hue yA ardhAvanatakAya hokara kahA jAtA hai| granthakAra ne ina paramparAoM para vicAra karate hue tInoM ke hI prAcIna AdhAroM kA saMketa kiyA hai| ikyAvanavA~ adhikAra - prastuta prakaraNa meM zramaNa ko AhAra-grahaNArtha jina kuloM meM jAne kI anujJA hai aura jina kuloM meM jAne kA niSedha hai, unakA sapramANa ullekha kiyA gayA hai| bAvanavA~ adhikAra - 'navakAra mantra' kI antima paMkti meM prayukta zabdoM ko kharataragaccha meM 'havai maMgalaM' ke rUpa meM par3hA jAtA hai, jabaki anya gacchoM meM 'hoI mNglN'| lekhaka ne apanI mAnyatA ko vistRta pramANa dekara zAstra-sammata siddha kiyA hai| tirepanavA~ adhikAra - isa prakaraNa meM azana, pAna, khAdya aura svAdya vastuoM meM jina vastuoM kA samAveza ho sakatA hai, unakA sapramANa nirUpaNa kiyA gayA hai| caupanavA~ adhikAra- zRMgATaka (siMghAr3A) ko katipaya gacchoM meM abhakSa evaM anantakAya mAnA jAtA hai| samayasundara ne isakI satyatA aura asatyatA para vicAra karate hue use abhakSya tathA anantakAya nahIM mAnA hai| pacapanavA~ adhikAra- prastuta adhikAra meM lavaNa, haritAla, manaHzilA, pIppalI, khajUra, drAkSA, harItakI, patra, puSpa, phala Adi prAsuka haiM athavA nahIM- isa bAta para vicAra karate hue yaha siddha kiyA hai ki uparyakta padArtha acitta hone para prAsuka haiM tathA grAhaka haiM, kintu sacitta hone para nhiiN| chappanavA~ adhikAra - isameM vividha cUrNoM ke grAhyatva aura agrAhyatva, sacittatva evaM acittatva ke saMbaMdha meM sapramANa vicAra kiyA gayA hai| sattAvanavA~ adhikAra- prastuta prakaraNa meM prAsuka acitta jala kitane kAlAntara sacitta

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22 mahopAdhyAya samayasundara : vyaktitva evaM kRtitva ho jAtA hai, isakI carcA karate hue granthakartA ne Agamika pramANa dekara yaha batAyA hai ki grISmakAla meM pAMca prahara, zItakAla meM cAra prahara evaM varSAkAla meM tIna prahara pazcAt acitta jala sacitta ho jAtA hai| aTThAvanavA~ adhikAra - isa adhikAra meM jargarI, ghRSTi, takra, karambaka, odana, dadhi, pakvAnna ityAdi kitane prahara taka grAhya haiM aura kitane praharAnantara agrAhya haiM- isa para vicAra karate hue kavi ne yaha likhA hai ki jargarI 12 prahara; ghRSTi, takra, karambaka 20 prahara; odana 24 prahara tathA dahI 16 prahara pazcAt argrAhya ho jAtA hai| lekhaka ne ukta tathya kI puSTi ke lie zAstroM ke pramANa die haiN| unasaThavA~ adhikAra - daivasika pratikramaNa tathA rAtrika pratikramaNa apavAda-sthiti meM kaba se kaba taka kara sakate haiM- isa prazna ke uttara meM yaha spaSTa kiyA gayA hai ki daivasika pratikramaNa dina ke tRtIya prahara se arddharAtri taka kara sakate haiM aura rAtrika pratikramaNa arddharAtri se dina ke madhyAhna tk| sAThavA~ adhikAra- jaina zAstroM meM paMcamI parva kA ullekha jina sthAnoM para upalabdha hotA hai, unakA isa adhikAra meM uddharaNa sahita nirdeza kiyA gayA hai| ikasaThavA~ adhikAra-ziSya dvArA yaha prazna kiye jAne para ki paryuSaNa parva manAne ke lie Agama-AjJA bhAdrapada zuklA 5 hai, taba bhI kharataragaccha meM bhAdrapada zuklA 4 ko paryuSaNa parva kyoM manAyA jAtA hai? isakA uttara dete hue samayasundara kahate haiM ki yadyapi yaha bAta satya hai, tathApi zrI kAlikAcArya dvArA paryuSaNa parva bhAdrapada zuklA 4 ko sampanna kiyA gayA, vahI paramparA adhunA paryanta calI A rahI hai| kAlikAcArya dvArA pravartita paryuSaNa parva kI tithi Adi se sambandhita sampUrNa ghaTanA kA vistRta vivaraNa 'kAlikAcArya-kathA' ke paricayAntargata hama de Ae haiM, usakA puna: ullekha karanA mAtra piSTapeSaNa hogaa| yahA~ tRtIya prakAza kA samApana hotA hai| caturtha prakAza bAsaThavA~ adhikAra- isameM jinavallabhasari racita 'samAcArI' kA varNana kiyA gayA hai| tiresaThavA~ adhikAra - prastuta adhikAra meM anAyatana caitya kI pUjA aura strI dvArA mandira ke mUlanAyaka kI pUjA kA niSedha jisa padoddhATakakulaka (jinadattasUri kRta) meM nirdiSTa hai, usakA Adyanta prarUpaNa kiyA gayA hai| cauMsaThavA~ adhikAra- isa prakaraNa meM jinapatisUri dvArA 69 padyoM meM viracita 'samAcArI' kA vivaraNa diyA gayA hai| paiMsaThavA~ adhikAra - pUrvAdhikAra meM varNita 'samAcArI' ke atirikta 'zikSArUpa' eka anya samAcArI kA prastuta adhikAra meM varNana kiyA gayA hai| chiyAsaThavA~ adhikAra - isa adhikAra meM yaha batAyA gayA hai ki pAkSika pratikramaNa meM

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samayasundara kI racanAe~ 93 kSamApanA ke samaya AntaraNI nAma chandanA - doSa nahIM hotA hai| isakA ullekha jinapatisUri kRta 'samAcArI' meM tathA jinaprabhasUri kRta ' vidhi- prapA' meM hai / sar3asaThavA~ adhikAra - pratikramaNa meM 'rAiya' tathA 'devasiya' kaba kahA jAtA haiisakA samAdhAna karate hue granthakAra ne prastuta prakaraNa meM likhA hai ki rAtri ke prathama prahara taka 'devasiya' evaM pUrvAhna ke prathama prahara taka 'rAiya' kahA jAtA hai 1 arasaThavA~ adhikAra isa prakaraNa meM zrAvakoM ko eka parata vAlI mukhavastrikA para 'vandanA' denA zAstra - sammata batAyA gayA hai| unahattaravA~ adhikAra - prastuta adhikAra meM yugapradhAna, gacchAdhipati, sAmAnya AcArya, vAcanAcArya, mahattarA, pravartinI Adi viziSTa padadhArI muniyoM evaM sAdhviyoM kA nagara - praveza jisa DhaMga se hotA hai, usakA nidarzana hai / sattaravA~ adhikAra - isameM 'siddhAntAnuyoga' ke visarjana kI vidhi kA vivaraNa diyA gayA hai| ikahattaravA~ adhikAra isa prakaraNa meM sAMvatsarika pratikramaNa meM bhuvana devatA kA kAyotsarga karanA cAhiye athavA nahIM - isa prazna para vicAra karate hue lekhaka ne donoM ke pakSa ke saMbaMdha meM upalabdha pramANa die haiM tathA apanI ora se koI ekapakSIya niSkarSa nahIM diyA hai| bahattaravA~ adhikAra - isameM 'pAkSika-sUtra' ke paThana evaM zravaNa se pUrva kI jAnevAlI kriyA kA varNana kiyA gayA hai| tihattaravA~ adhikAra - prastuta adhikAra meM jinaprabhasUri kRta ' vidhi - prapA' nAmaka grantha meM ullikhita 'keza - luMcana' se pUrva kI jAne vAlI vidhi nirdiSTa hai| cauhattaravA~ adhikAra isameM zrAvaka dvArA pratikramaNa meM jina aticAroM kA cintana kiyA jAtA hai, unakA nirdeza hai| pacahattaravA~ adhikAra - prastuta prakaraNa meM zramaNa dvArA 'gaucarI' (AhAra - caryA) meM ghRta gira jAne para prAyazcita rUpa kI jAne vAlI kriyA kA vivaraNa hai| chihattaravA~ adhikAra - isameM pAkSika Adi pratikramaNa ke antargata chIMka Ane para taddoSa nivAraNArtha kI jAne vAlI vidhi nidarzita hai| satahattaravA~ adhikAra -- isa adhikAra meM pratikramaNa ke madhya zrAvakoM ke sAmane se billI gamana para kI jAne vAlI vidhi kA ullekha hai / 1. apane upabhoga ke nimitta lAye gaye bhikSAdi padArthoM ke lie apane sabhI sAthIsAdhuoM ko AmaMtrita na karanA arthAt akelA cupacApa unakA upabhoga karanA chaMdanA doSa hai /

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94 mahopAdhyAya samayasundara : vyaktitva evaM kRtitva aThattaravA~ adhikAra- prastuta adhikAra meM sAmAyika-vrata grahaNa karate samaya diye jAne vAle teraha 'khamAsamaNA' kA nirdeza hai| unnAsIvA~ adhikAra - isa adhikAra meM asajjhAya (asvAdhyAya) kaba aura kitane kAla taka rahatA hai, usakI savistAra carcA kI gaI hai| assIvA~ adhikAra - prastuta prakaraNa meM caitra paurNamAsI ke dina zatrujaya tIrtha para madhyAhna kAla meM jo puNDarIka-deva-vandana kiyA jAtA hai, usakI vidhi dI gayI hai| ikyAsIvA~ adhikAra- isameM guru-stUpa-pratimAdi ko jisa vidhi se pratiSThApita kiyA jAtA hai, usakA prarUpaNa kiyA gayA hai| bayAsIvA~ adhikAra- isa adhikAra meM jinabiMba ke svarUpa ko spaSTa karate hue usake pUjana ke snAtra, vilepana Adi ikkIsa prakAroM kA varNana kiyA gayA hai| tirAsIvA~ adhikAra - prastuta prakaraNa meM 'kalpatrepa kI vidhi kA vivaraNa diyA gayA hai| caurAsIvA~ adhikAra - prastuta adhikAra meM kharataragacchIya pratikramaNa kI vidhi kA vistRta varNana kiyA gayA hai| . picayAsIvA~ adhikAra - isameM pauSadha-vidhi kA vistArapUrvaka nidarzana hai| chiyAsIvA~ adhikAra - isa adhikAra meM jaina bhagavatI dIkSA pradAna karane kI sampUrNa vidhi nirdiSTa hai| satyAsIvA~ adhikAra - isameM upadhArana-tapa kI vidhi varNita hai| aTThAsIvA~ adhikAra- isa prakaraNa meM nirvikRti (nivi tapa) nAmaka tapa meM jina padArthoM kA upabhoga varjita hai, unakA vistArapUrvaka varNana kiyA gayA hai| unayAsIvA~ adhikAra - isameM sAdhvI dvArA 'kalpasUtra' Adi svata: vAMcana karane ke vidhAna ko zAstrokta siddha kiyA gayA hai| yahA~ caturtha prakAza sampUrNa hotA hai| paMcama prakAza nabbevA~ adhikAra - prastuta prakaraNa meM rAtrika evaM daivasika pratikramaNa ke SaDAvazyaka kI Adyanta vyavasthA kA varNana kiyA gayA hai| ikyAnavevA~ adhikAra - isameM 'bIsa sthAnaka-tapa' kI vidhi likhI gaI hai| bAnavevA~ adhikAra- bhojana ke samaya jo vaMdana kiyA jAtA hai, vaha bhojana ke pUrva kiyA jAtA hai yA pazcAt - isa prazna ke sambandha meM lekhaka ne vidhi Agamika AdhAroM para yaha 1. 'kalpatrepa' eka viziSTa prakAra kI sAdhanA hai, jo yogasAdhanA ke lie Avazyaka mAnI gayI hai| isa vidhi kA vistRta vivecana jinaprabhasUri kRta 'vidhimArgaprapA' (pRSTha 62)meM milatA hai|

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samayasundara kI racanAe~ pratipAdita kiyA hai ki yaha vandana bhojana ke pazcAt kiyA jAtA hai| tirAnavevA~ adhikAra - isameM caitra aura Azvina mAha ke dvitIya pakSa kI dvitIyA ko 'asvAdhyAya' ke nivAraNArtha jo kriyA kI jAtI hai, usakI vidhi pradatta hai| caurAnavevA~ adhikAra - prastuta adhikAra meM dvitIyA, paMcamI, aSTamI, ekAdazI evaM caturdazI rUpa paMca parva-tithiyoM meM kiye jAne vAle tapAdi kA sapramANa vivaraNa diyA gayA picAnavevA~ adhikAra- isameM prAta:kAlIna pratikramaNa ko kahA~ samApta karanA cAhiye, isa para vicAra karate hue batAyA hai ki jaba 'AcArya-mizra' Adi tIna 'khamAsamaNA' dete haiM, taba rAtrika pratikramaNa sampUrNa ho jAtA hai| chiyAnavevA~ adhikAra - prastuta prakaraNa meM sAdhu ko utsarga rUpa meM eka vastra, apavAda rUpa meM tIna vastra aura atyanta apavAda meM sAta vastra rakhanA Agama-sammata batAyA hai aura sAmAyika meM zrAvaka ko utsarga rUpa meM eka vastra evaM apavAda rUpa meM tIna vastra aura zrAvikA ko utsarga rUpa meM eka vastra tathA apavAda rUpa meM cha: vastra rakhanA Agama-AjJA mAnI hai| sattAnavevA~ adhikAra- isa adhikAra meM yaha prazna upasthita kiyA gayA hai ki sthApanA kisakI hotI hai, guru kI yA arhat kI? yadi vaha sthApanA guru kI mAnI jAye, to usake sammukha 'zakrastava' kA pATha karanA ucita nahIM hogA aura yadi vaha arhat kI sthApanA mAnI jAye, to phira yaha kahakara ki 'guru viharammi aThavaNA' usakA sthApanA karanA ucita nahIM hogaa| lekhaka ne isa sandarbha meM vistRta vicAra karate hue yaha batAyA hai ki 'sthApanA' paMca parameSThI kI hotI hai| ata: usameM sabhI kA samAveza ho jAtA hai| aThThAnavevA~ adhikAra - isa prakaraNa meM 'pratikramaNa' meM zrutadevatA kI stuti karanA siddhAnta hai, yA paramparA- yaha prazna uThAyA gayA hai| granthakAra ne ise paramparA hI mAnA hai| ninyAnavevA~ adhikAra-kharataragacchIya sAdhu-sAdhvI miTTI ke ghaTa meM jala-grahaNa karate haiM, usameM jIvotpatti hotI hai yA nahIM-granthakartA ne isa prazna para carcA karate hue prastuta adhikAra meM yaha batAyA hai ki miTTI ke ghaTa meM jala lene se jIvotpatti nahIM hotI hai| sauvA~ adhikAra- isameM saMgha para Ae upadrava Adi ke nivAraNa ke lie 'zAnti' kI vidhi dI gaI hai| 1.8 vizeSa-zataka isa grantha ke vizeSazataka' isa nAma se ApAtataH aisA pratIta hotA hai ki mUla grantha meM 100 padya haiM, kintu grantha ke avalokana se yaha spaSTa hai ki isameM granthakAra ne kevala ziSya dvArA uThAye gaye 100 praznoM ke uttara diye haiN| isameM anya granthoM ke uddharaNoM tathA apekSita vivaraNoM dvArA una prazroM kA samAdhAna karane kA prayAsa kiyA gayA hai| yatra

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96 mahopAdhyAya samayasundara : vyaktitva evaM kRtitva tatra granthAntara ke kliSTa uddharaNoM kI granthakAra ne svayaM vyAkhyA kara unheM subodha banAne kI ceSTA kI hai, jisase pAThaka ko saralatA se viSaya kA bodha ho sake / prastuta grantha meM aneka Agamika granthoM ke uddharaNa diye gaye haiM, jinase yaha spaSTa hotA hai ki samayasundara kA Agamika jJAna atyanta vyApaka aura utkRSTa thaa| isa grantha kI racanA mer3atA nagara meM vi0 saM0 1672, pauSa kRSNA 10 ko kI gaI thii| aisA granthakAra ne svayaM granthAnta meM dI gaI prazasti meM likhA haivikramasaMvati locanamunidarzana- kumudabAndhavapramite / zrIpArzva janmadivase pure zrImeDatAnagare || isake atirikta prazasti-padyoM se yaha spaSTa hai ki jisa samaya isa grantha kI racanA huI thI, usa samaya deza meM ghora durbhikSa aura mahAmArI kA bhayaMkara prakopa thaa| loga prANa bacAne aura jIvikopArjana ke lie deza chor3akara idhara-udhara bhAga rahe the / mahArghatA apanI carama sImA para thii| samAja meM mAna-sammAna kA koI prazna nahIM raha gayA thA / isa prakAra atyanta viSama paristhiti meM bhI isa grantha ke nirmANa se granthakAra kA vilakSaNa dhairya aura sAhitya-sevA kI utkaTa bhAvanA siddha hotI hai| prastuta grantha meM jina 100 paznoM kA Agamika uddharaNoM dvArA samyak samAdhAna kiyA gayA hai, jisakA saMkSipta vivaraNa isa prakAra hai (1) isameM 'vasudeva hiNDI' ke AdhAra para yaha siddha kiyA gayA hai ki zrIkRSNa tRtIya pRthvI kA AyuSya pUrNakara eka manuSya-bhava aura eka deva-bhava karake caturtha bhava meM 'amama' nAma ke tIrthaGkara hoNge| (2) isa prakaraNa meM kSAyika samyaktva ke do vibhAga kiye gaye haiM- zuddha kSAyika samyaktva aura azuddha kSAyika samyaktva | (3) prastuta prakaraNa meM devatAoM ke eka nATaka kA kAla - pramANa 4000 varSa batAyA gayA hai / granthakAra ne isa tathya kI puSTi ke lie 'zrIpArzvanAthadazagaNadharasambandha' grantha kA uddharaNa diyA hai| (4) isameM hemacandrAcArya kRta 'mahAvIracaritram' ke AdhAra para yaha kahA gayA hai ki jAmAli 15 bhava karane ke pazcAt mukti ko prApta kareMge / (5) prastuta adhikAra meM tilakasUri-racita ' yoga-vidhisUtra' ke anusAra yaha batAyA gayA hai ki jJAna - paMcamI tapa kA upavAsa vismRti Adi ke kAraNa paMcamI ko na kara sakane para usake AgAmI dina upavAsa karane se paMcamI vrata bhaMga nahIM hotA hai / (6) isa prakaraNa meM yaha siddha kiyA gayA hai ki anazana ke samaya sAdhu ke lie rAtri meM dIpaka kA prakAza karanA ucita hai| isakI puSTi ke lie granthakAra ne haribhadrasUri kRta 'Avazyaka bRhadvRtti' kA pramANa diyA hai / "

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97 samayasundara kI racanAe~ (7) prastuta prakaraNa meM tAlavRnta Adi ke paMkhe se prApta havA ko acitta svIkAra kiyA gayA hai| (8) isa saMdarbha meM yaha batAyA gayA hai ki pUrva meM jJAtAdharma kathA' meM punarukta 200 karor3a kathAe~ aura apunarukta 46 karor3a, 50 lAkha kathAe~ thiiN|| (9) isa prakaraNa meM hemAcArya viracita 'zreNika-caritam' ke anusAra rAjA ceTaka kI sAta putriyoM kA vivAha kina-kina puruSoM ke sAtha huA thA, isakA nirNaya kiyA gayA hai| (10) isameM hemAcArya ke 'nemicaritra' kA pramANa dete hue yaha ullikhita kiyA gayA hai ki indra kI AjJA se jo dvArikA nagarI banAI gaI thI, vaha vastuta: navIna na hokara samudra se AvRtta nagarI ko hI udghATita kiyA gayA thaa| (11) prastuta adhikAra meM ukta grantha ke anusAra yaha batAyA gayA hai ki samudravijaya ke solaha putra the| (12) isa prakaraNa meM 'samavAyAMgasUtravRtti' ke AdhAra para yaha siddha kiyA gayA hai ki jambUdvIpa meM adhikAdhika cAra tIrthaGkara utpanna ho sakate haiN| (13) 'sirasA maNasA matthaeNa vaMdAmi' - isa pATha meM yadyapi 'sirasA' evaM 'matthaeNa vaMdAmi' avyutpanna zabda haiM, ataH punarukti doSa nahIM hai| (14) prastuta sandarbha meM pravacanasAroddhAra' ke anusAra yaha kahA gayA hai ki racanA kI apekSA se pUrva' pahale aura AcArAMga Adi aMga-sUtra bAda ke haiM, kintu sthApanA kI dRSTi se AcArAMga Adi aMga-sUtroM kA sthAna pahale hai aura 'pUrva' kA bAda meN| (15) isameM 'AcArAMga-sUtra' ke AdhAra para yaha batAyA gayA hai ki sAdhu ko zIta se pIr3ita dekhakara yadi koI zrAvaka anukampA karake unake pAsa agni jalAkara unheM uSNatA detA hai, to use puNyakarma kA bandhana hI hotA hai| (16) prastuta adhikAra meM AcArAMgasUtra' kA pramANa dete hue yaha batAyA hai ki sthavirakalpI zramaNa vastra dhote haiN| (17) isameM vikalendriya prANiyoM meM rudhira hone kI bAta kahI gaI hai| granthakAra ne 'sthAnAMga-sUtra' kA pramANa diyA hai| (18) isa prakaraNa meM yaha kahA gayA hai ki mithyAdRSTi se racita granthoM kA bhI adhyayana yadi samyagdRSTi se kiyA jAe, to usase adhyetA kI koI hAni nahIM hotii| granthakAra ne 1. yadyapi AcArAMga ke mUla meM puNya-baMdha kA koI ullekha nahIM hai, usameM to yaha batAyA gayA hai ki zrAvaka dvArA agni Adi prajvalita karane para sAdhu kaha de ki yaha mere lie sevanIya nahIM hai| 2. yahA~ lekhaka ne AcArAMga ke mUla niSedhavAcaka artha ko jinakalpI ke saMbaMdha meM ghaTita karake apanI kalpanA se hI sthavirakalpI ke saMbaMdha meM vidhiparaka artha lagA diyA hai|

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mahopAdhyAya samayasundara : vyaktitva evaM kRtitva pramANa ke lie 'nandIsUtra' aura 'Avazyaka bRhavRtti' ke uddharaNa die haiN| (19) isameM 'sUtrakRtAMga-sUtra' Adi granthoM ke uddharaNa dekara yaha batAyA gayA hai ki yauglikoM (yugaliyoM) kA sAmAnya AyuSya 3 palyopama hotA hai, kintu apavAdavaza antamuhUrta bhI ho sakatA hai| (20) isa sandarbha meM jinakuzalasUri racita 'caityavandana-kulaka' ke AdhAra para yaha kahA gayA hai ki pAkSika, paryuSaNa Adi paryoM meM anAyatana caitya meM bhI arhadabimba ko vandanArtha jAnA ucita hai| (21) prastuta adhikAra meM 'Avazyaka bRhadvRtti' kA pramANa dete hue likhA gayA hai ki tIrthaGkara caturtha prahara meM bhI dezanA' dete haiN| (22) isa prakaraNa meM bhI uparyukta grantha kA hI pramANa dete hue spaSTa kiyA gayA hai ki sAdhuoM ke atirikta anya logoM ko bhI anukampA-pUrvaka dAna denA doSayukta nahIM hai, kintu unheM dharmabuddhi se diyA gayA dAna avazya hI doSayukta hai| (23) isa adhikAra meM pravacanasAroddhArabRhadvRtti' ke AdhAra para yaha kahA gayA hai ki jo pArzvastha AMzika rUpa meM bhI zramaNatva kA pAlana karate haiM, unheM namana avazya karanA caahiye| (24) isameM saMdehadolAvalI bRhadvRtti' ke AdhAra para yaha batAyA hai ki sAdhu dvArA lAyA huA prAsuka jala jaba kucha samaya bAda galita ho jAtA hai, to use usI gRha meM lauTA de, jahA~ se use lAyA ho aura usa gRhastha ko cAhiye ki usa jala ko jisa jalAzaya se lAyA ho, usI meM visarjana kara de| (25) isa prakaraNa meM bhI uparyukta grantha kA pramANa dete hue siddha kiyA gayA hai ki digambara-mandira anAyatana hone se avandya hai| (26) isameM Avazyaka bRhadvRtti' ke AdhAra para yaha vivecana kiyA gayA hai ki tIrthaGkara prAta:kAla sampUrNa 'pauruSI' meM dharma kA pratipAdana karate haiN| (27) prastuta prakaraNa meM bhagavatIsUtravRtti' kA pramANa dete hue yaha spaSTa kiyA gayA hai ki zrAvaka manasA-vAcA-karmaNA- ina tInoM yogoM se aura kRta, kArita, anumodita --- ina tInoM kAraNoM se sAmAnyatayA pratyAkhyAna nahIM karatA hai, kintu vizeSa prasaMgoM meM jaise - kAkamAMsa -bhakSaNa, rAja-antaHpura kA sevana Adi kA navakoTi se pratyAkhyAna kara sakatA hai| (28) isameM 'jJAtAdharmakathAsUtra' ke anusAra yaha kahA gayA hai ki tIrthaGkara dIkSA-grahaNa karane se pUrva 1 varSa taka prAta:kAla se do prahara taka dAna dete haiN| (29) isa sandarbha meM 'oghaniyuktisUtravRtti ke AdhAra para yaha spaSTa kiyA hai ki rAtri meM bhI muni vihAra kara sakatA hai|

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samayasundara kI racanAe~ (30) prastuta prakaraNa meM bhI pUrvokta grantha kA pramANa dete hue nirdeza kiyA gayA hai ki muni ko sAmAnyatayA dina meM nahIM sonA cAhie, kintu yAtrA se parizrAnta evaM rugNAdi hone para dina meM sonA varjanIya nahIM hai| (31) isa prakaraNa meM 'puSpikA' nAmaka upAMga ke AdhAra para pUrvabhava kA vivecana kiyA (32) isameM haribhadrasUri kRta 'dezavaikAlikasUtravRtti' ke AdhAra para yaha kahA gayA hai ki yadyapi sAdhu ko sAmAnyataH dravya-saMgraha nahIM karanA cAhiye, tathApi ziSyAdi ke adhyayana Adi ke nimitta dravya rakhe, to anucita nahIM hai| (33) prastuta prakaraNa meM devendrasUri kRta 'zrAddhadina-kRtyasUtravRtti' ke AdhAra para yaha kahA gayA hai ki zrAvaka jina-pUjA karane ke lie prAsuka jala se snAna kare, yadi vaha upalabdha na ho to aprAsuka jala se bhI snAna kara sakatA hai, kintu vastra sarvadA zveta hI pahananA caahiye| (34) isameM uparyukta grantha kA pramANa dete hue yaha siddha kiyA hai ki piroI huI puSpamAlA se jina-pratimA-pUjana kiyA jA sakatA hai| (35) prastuta adhikAra meM devendrasUrikRta zrAddhadina-kRtyasUtravRtti' ke anusAra yaha batAyA gayA hai ki jinamaMdira meM kArya karane kI apekSA sAmAyika karanA adhika zreyaskara hai| (36) prastuta prakaraNa meM 'vicArasArabRhadvRtti' grantha ke AdhAra para yaha kahA gayA hai ki mithyAdRSTi tAmali tApasa ko anazana dvArA antima samaya meM sAdhu ke darzana se samyaktva arjita huaa| (37) isa prakaraNa meM bhI uparyukta grantha kA pramANa dete hue yaha nirdeza kiyA gayA hai ki jIva ke battIsa bheda hote haiN| (38) isameM jinaprabhasUri kRta 'grahapUjAvidhi' ke AdhAra para yaha vivecana kiyA gayA hai ki rAtri meM lavaNa aura jala kA uttAraNa vAma dizA se dakSiNa dizA kI ora karanA caahie| (39) isa sandarbha meM 'bRhatkalpabhASyavRtti' ityAdi aneka granthoM ke AdhAra para yaha spaSTa kiyA gayA hai ki muni ko pustakeM saMgraha karane kA Agamika niSedha hai, parantu apavAda rUpa meM pA~ca prakAra kI pustakeM grahaNa kara sakatA hai| (40) isameM 'upAsakadazAMga' ke AdhAra para vaha batAyA hai ki zrAvaka ko sAmAyika karate samaya aMgUThI Adi AbhUSaNa apane pAsa meM utArakara rakha denA caahiye|| (41) prastuta prakaraNa meM labdhi-aparyApta aura karaNa-aparyApta jIvoM kA sapramANa antara spaSTa kiyA gayA hai aura yaha batAyA gayA hai ki labdhi-aparyApta ve haiM jo apanI yoni ke anurUpa zarIra- indriya Adi kI kSamatA ko prApta nahIM karate haiM, jabaki karaNa-aparyApta

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100 mahopAdhyAya samayasundara : vyaktitva evaM kRtitva ve haiM, jinakI apanI yoni ke anurUpa indriya, zarIra Adi hote hue bhI unakA upayoga nahIM kara pAte haiM / (42) isa prakaraNa meM 'sthAnAMgasUtra' ke AdhAra para bhUkampa ke hetu kA vivaraNa dete hue yaha batAyA gayA hai ki pUrva pRthvI ke bhUkampa kA kAraNa to ghanavAta Adi kA prakampana hai; AMzika rUpa se bhUkampa ke aneka kAraNa batAye gaye haiM, jaisa - ratnaprabhA - - pRthvI ke pudgaloM kA vicalana honA athavA nAgakumAra svarNakumAra Adi athavA mahoraga nAmaka vyantaravizeSa kA vaikriya - zarIra karanA ityAdi / (43) isa adhikAra meM yaha prazna uThAyA gayA hai ki prathama mekhalA para meru parvata 500 yojana vistIrNa hai aura usameM itanA hI vistIrNa nandanavana hai / usa nandanavana meM 1000 yojana vistIrNa balakUTa hai, to 500 yojana vistIrNa nandanavana meM 1000 yojana vistIrNa balakUTa kaise samAhita ho sakatA hai? isa samasyA kA samAdhAna 'bRhatkSetra - samAsasUtra' ke AdhAra para karate hue yaha batAyA gayA hai ki balakUTa 500 yojana nandavana meM aura 500 yojana usake bAhara AkAza meM vistIrNa hai / (44) prastuta prakaraNa meM yaha kahA gayA hai ki unmagna-salilA aura nimagna-salilA nAma kI do nadiyoM kA udgama vaitADhya parvata kI bhitti se hotA hai aura anta meM donoM sindhunadI meM praviSTa ho jAtI haiN| inakA ullekha malayagiri kRta 'bRhatkSetra - samAsa - sUtravRtti' meM huA hai| (45) prastuta adhikAra meM ' zrIbRhatkSetrasamAsasUtravRtti' ke anusAra lekhaka ne yaha spaSTa kiyA hai ki hAthI dAMta kA agrabhAga asidhArA ke samAna nukIlA hotA hai, suI ke samAna nahIM / -- (46) isa sandarbha meM malayagiri dvArA svaracita 'bRhatkSetrasamAsasUtravRtti' ke AdhAra para yaha siddha kiyA gayA hai ki zItA aura zItodA nAmadheyaka do nadiyoM kI dhArAe~ lavaNasamudra meM atyanta vega se girakara 'dakasImA' upanAmaka AvAsa pavata se TakarAkara vApasa lauTa jAtI haiM / (47) prastuta vicAra meM yaha ullikhita hai ki 1. AdityasaMvatsara, 2. RtusaMvatsara, 3. candrasaMvatsara, 4. nakSatrasaMvatsara evaM 5 abhivarddhita saMvatsara kA vistRta ullekha hameM 'zrIjyotiSkaraNasUtra' aura usakI vRtti Adi meM upalabdha hotA hai / kRtikAra ne isa prakaraNa meM ukta saMvatsaroM kA vistArapUrvaka vivecana bhI kiyA hai| (48) isa adhikAra meM vividha granthoM kA pramANa dete hue yaha pramANita kiyA gayA hai ki kevala ke mana kA prayojna anuttara devAdi dvArA lokAloka svarUpa ke viSaya meM kiye jAne vAle praznoM kA nirAkaraNa karane ke lie hai| -- (49) isameM yaha likhA gayA hai ki saudharma, IzAna Adi devoM kI kAmAbhilASA ko jAnakara deviyA~ use pUrNa karatI haiN| divyaprabhAva athavA svabhAva se devoM ke zukrapudgala

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samayasundara kI racanAe~ 101 deviyoM ke zarIra meM pariNita hote haiN| isase deviyoM meM jo aMgasphuraNAdi lakSaNa prakaTa hote haiM, unhIM se deviyoM ko devoM kI kAmAbhilASA kA jJAna hotA hai| ukta bAta kI pramANapuSTi ke lie 'pravacanasAroddhAravRtti' kA ullekha kiyA gayA hai| (50) isa prakaraNa meM sAdhu dvArA yAcita biDalavaNa Adi kI pariSThApanA-vidhi kA sapramANa nirUpaNa kiyA gayA hai| (51) bhagavAn RSabhadeva kA samavazaraNa 12 yojana hotA hai; phira nemi jina taka do-do gAU kama hotA huA pArzvanAtha kA samavazaraNa pAMca aura mahAvIra svAmI kA cAra koza kA hotA hai bArasa joyaNamusabhe samasaraNaM ca nemijiNa jaav| do do gAU UNaM pAse paNa koza cau viire|| prastuta gAthA aura isakI viSaya vastu ke zAstra-sammata na hone se ise prastuta prakaraNa meM apramANa mAnA gayA hai| (52) isameM 'anuyogadvArasUtravRtti' ke anusAra yaha siddha kiyA gayA hai ki muktAphala apane mUla sthAna se jur3e rahane para sacitta aura usase vicchinna ho jAne para prAsuka ho jAte (53) prastuta adhikAra meM vIraRSi kRta 'zrIpiNDaniyuktilaghuTIkA' ke AdhAra para yaha kahA gayA hai ki bher3I aura U~TanI kA dUdha abhakSya hai| (54) isa prakaraNa meM 'ogha-niyukti' ke AdhAra para yaha batAyA gayA hai ki acitta vanaspati kI bhI yatanA hotI hai| (55) isameM isa bAta ko sapramANa siddha kiyA gayA hai ki sAdhu-sAdhvI yA sAmAyikapauSaha Adi meM sthita zrAvaka-zrAvikA para vidyuta-dIpa Adi kA prakAza giratA hai, to use IryApathika-pratikramaNa hotA hai| (56) prastuta 'vicAra' meM batAyA gayA hai ki mahAraudradhyAna se upagata vyakti punaH punaH naraka prApta karatA hai aura garbhaja tandula matsya ke rUpa meM janma lekara punaH eka muhUrta ke bhItara hI marakara narakaloka calA jAtA hai| uparyukta tathya kA ullekha 'jIvAbhigamasUtra' aura usakI vRtti meM nirdiSTa hai| (57) prastuta sandarbha meM 'jIvAbhigamasUtra' kI malayagiri-TIkA ke AdhAra para kSullakabhava ke svarUpa kA pratipAdana kiyA gayA hai aura yaha batAyA gayA hai ki eka muhUrta meM 65536 kSullaka-bhava hote haiN| isa bAta ko cUrNi ke AdhAra para bhI siddha kiyA gayA hai| isa prakaraNa meM isa bAta para vicAra kiyA gayA hai ki eka kSullaka-bhava meM kitane zvAsozvAsa hote haiM? isake uttara meM yaha siddha kiyA gayA hai ki zvAsozvAsa meM 256 avalikAe~ hotI haiN| eka muhUrta meM 1,67,77,216 avalikAe~ mAnI gaI haiN|

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102 mahopAdhyAya samayasundara : vyaktitva evaM kRtitva (58) isa prakaraNa meM yaha spaSTa kiyA gayA hai ki mohanIya karma kI adhikatama sthiti 70 koTAnukoTi sAgaropama hai| jaba yaha sthiti eka sAgaropama se bhI kama raha jAtI hai, taba samyaktva utpanna hotA hai| ataH prazna uThatA hai, dezavirati cAritra - lAbha kaba hotA hai? isa saMdarbha meM samayasundara ne vividha AgamoM ke AdhAra para vicAra karate hue yaha batAyA hai| ki samyaktva -lAbha ke pazcAt mohanIya karma kI 9 palyopama kI sthiti kA kSaya hone para vrata- prApti hotI hai / (59) prastuta prasaMga meM yaha batAyA gayA hai ki eka bAdara paryApta jIva ke Azrita asaMkhyAt bAdara aparyApta jIva utpanna hote haiM / (60) isa adhikAra meM 'bhagavatIvRtti' ke AdhAra para yaha siddha kiyA gayA hai ki bhaviSyat tIrthaGkara naraka meM sAmAnya jIvoM kI bhA~ti azubhavarNa, durabhigandha Adi ke viparIta zubhavarNa, sugandhi Adi kA upabhoga karate haiM / (61) prastuta prakaraNa meM ' zrIbhagavatIsUtra' aura usakI vRtti ke anusAra yaha kahA gayA hai ki kucheka bhuvanapatideva vyantaradevoM se bhI alpa RddhivAle hote haiN| (62) prastuta adhikAra meM yaha batAyA gayA hai ki vigraha - gati meM jIva tIna samaya taka aura matAntara se cAra samaya taka anAhAraka rahatA hai| pramANa ke lie bhagavatIsUtra, pravacanasAroddhAra, saMgrahaNIsUtravRtti Adi ke uddharaNa diye gae haiN| granthakAra ne jIvoM kI vigrahagati kA vicAra karate hue anta meM do-tIna aura cAra samaya ke anAhArakatvasUcaka tIna yantra bhI diye haiM / (63) isameM likhA gayA hai ki kalyANamaMdirastotrakarttA siddhasena divAkara 'vidyAdhara gaccha' ke the / lekhaka ne yaha bAta 'siMhAsanadvAtriMzikA' ke AdhAra para siddha kI hai / (64) prastuta adhikAra meM lekhaka ne loka meM jo zrAvaNa, bhAdrava Adi bAraha mAsa evaM prathamA, dvitIyA Adi pandraha tithiyA~ pracalita haiM, unake jainadharma meM kyA nAma haiM- unakA ullekha kiyA hai, jaise- zrAvaNa ko abhinandana, bhAdrapada ko pratiSThA, Azvina ko vijaya Adi aura prathamA ko pUrvAMga, dvitIyA ko siddhasena, tRtIyA ko manohara Adi / (65) prastuta prakaraNa meM ' zrIbRhatkalpa' ke AdhAra para yaha varNita kiyA gayA hai ki ati vizuddha jIva ko kSAyopazamika aura manda vizuddha jIva ko aupazamika samyaktva prApta hotA hai| (66) isa prakaraNa meM 'bRhatkalpa' AdhAra para samyagjJAna evaM samyagdarzana ke bheda kA spaSTIkaraNa kiyA gayA hai| (67) isameM prajJApanAsUtra Adi granthoM ke AdhAra para yaha batAne kA prayAsa kiyA gayA hai ki strI - veda kA jadhanya kAla 1 samaya hai, lekina utkRSTa kAla vividha granthoM meM vividha prakAra se ullekhita hai- (1) 110 palyopama pUrvakoTi pRthakatva adhika, (2) 18

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samayasundara kI racanAe~ 103 palyopama pUrvakoTi pRthakatva adhika, (3) 14 palyopama pUrvakoTi pRthakatva, (4) 100 palyopama pUrvakoTi pRthakatva adhika, (5) 1 palyopama pUrvakoTi pRthakatva adhik| isake atirikta puruSaveda ke kAla kA bhI ullekha kiyA gayA hai - jaghanya 1 samaya aura utkRSTakAla 10 hajAra varSa hai| isake atirikta lekhaka ne napuMsakaveda ke kAla kA sAMvyavahArika evaM pAramArthika dRSTi se bhI vicAra kiyA hai| (68) isa prakaraNa meM pravacanasAroddhAravRtti' ke AdhAra para batAyA gayA hai ki yoni aura kula meM spaSTa bheda hai| yoni utpatti sthAna ko kahate haiM, jabaki eka yoni ke jIvoM ke varNa Adi ke AdhAra para aneka kula ho sakate haiN| (69) prastuta adhikAra meM yaha batAyA gayA hai ki pUrvadizA kI ora mukha karake khar3e hone para meru sadaiva uttara kI ora dikhAI detA hai| (70) isameM koTizilA ke saMbaMdha meM vivaraNa prastuta kiyA gayA hai| isa zilA para karor3oM muniyoM ke siddha hone se ise koTizilA kahA jAtA hai| nava vAsudeva isa zilA ko apanI zakti ke anusAra jahA~ taka U~cA uThAte haiM, usakA varNana bhI prastuta adhikAra meM kiyA gayA hai| (71) isa saMdarbha meM siddhoM ke dehamAna kI carcA kI gaI hai| Agama meM siddhoM kI jaghanya avagahanA sAta ratnI (arani-kaniSThA aMgulI taka kA mApa) aura adhikatama 500 dhanuSa kahI gaI hai| jabaki kurmAputra kI zarIra-avagahanA mAtra do hasta thI evaM marudevI kI 500 se adhika thI aura ye donoM bhI siddha hue the| ataH svAbhAvika rUpa se siddhi avasthA meM bhI inakI avagahanA yahI hogI aura isa AdhAra para Agama meM pratipAdita siddhoM kI avagahanA se antara hogaa| isa samasyA kA samAdhAna karate hue granthakAra ne batAyA hai ki Agama meM siddhoM kI jo jaghanya aura utkRSTa avagahanA batAI gaI hai, vaha tIrthaGkaroM kI apekSA se hai| ataH isase Agama kI mAnyatA meM koI virodha nahIM AtA hai| (72) isa prakaraNa meM bala, vIrya, puruSakAra aura parAkrama meM paraspara bheda batalAyA gayA hai| zArIrika zakti ko bala, zarIra meM nihita cetana tattva kI zakti ko vIrya, manuSya meM kisI kaThina kArya karane ke abhimAna ko puruSakAra aura usa kaThina kArya ke sampAdana ko parAkrama kahate haiN| (73) isameM 'sUryaprajJapti' kA pramANa dete hue yaha batAyA gayA hai ki lavaNa-samudra meM sthita 16 hajAra yojana pramANa zikhA hone para bhI sUrya, candra kI gatiyoM meM koI vyAghAta utpanna nahIM hotaa| (74) isameM 'bRhatkalpa' ke AdhAra para yaha siddha kiyA gayA hai ki caudaha pUrvadhArI sAdhu mithyAtvI nahIM ho sktaa| (75) prastuta adhikAra meM yaha batAyA gayA hai ki prAcIna granthoM meM tIna aSTAhnika

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104 mahopAdhyAya samayasundara : vyaktitva evaM kRtitva mahotsavoM kA varNana upalabdha hotA hai| isa saMdarbha meM lekhaka ne 'vasudeva-hiNDI' aura 'zAntinAthacaritra' grantha kA ullekha kiyA hai| (76) prastuta saMdarbha meM digambara-sammata isa mAnyatA kA nirAkaraNa kiyA gayA hai ki strI ko mukti nahIM mila sakatI hai| (77) isa adhikAra meM 'kutrikApaNa' zabda kA artha batAyA gayA hai- 'ka' kA artha hai AdhAra-sthAna aura 'trika' kA artha hai tIna arthAt svargaloka, martyaloka, aura paataallok| jahA~ ina tInoM loka kI arthAt sabhI prakAra kI vastuoM kA vinimaya hotA hai, use 'kutrikApaNa' (ku+trika+ApaNa) sambodhita kiyA jAtA hai| (78) isa prakaraNa meM yaha batAyA gayA hai ki marudevI nigoda se nikalakara, manuSyaloka meM janma prApta kara, usI bhava meM siddha huI- isakA ullekha 'bRhatkalpabhASyavRtti' meM upalabdha hotA hai| (79) isameM haribhidra kRta 'AvazyakabRhadvRtti' ke anusAra yaha batAyA gayA hai ki jJAna, darzana aura caritra ke abhAva meM jo mAtra veza se sAdhu haiM, unheM vyavahAra se sAdhu hI kahA jaayegaa| (80) isa prakaraNa meM jIva ke abhavya, siddha, bhavya evaM jAtibhavya - ina cAra bhedoM kA ullekha karate hue taruNaprabhasUri-racita bAlAvabodha ke AdhAra para jAtibhavya jIva ke lakSaNa batAye haiN| (81) isameM spaSTa kiyA gayA hai ki AgamAnusAra bhagavAn mahAvIra kI tapasyA evaM pAraNoM kA kAla kula milAkara 12 varSa aura 13 pakSa mAnA jAtA hai, jabaki mahAvIra ne mArgazIrSa kRSNa pakSa kI dazamI ko dIkSA grahaNa kI thI aura unheM vaizAkha zukla pakSa kI dazamI ke dina kevala-jJAna utpanna huaa| isa AdhAra para unakI tapasyA aura kevala-jJAna kA kAla 12 varSa aura 11 pakSa hI hotA hai, jabaki uparyukta ullekha ke anusAra 12 varSa aura 13 pakSa honA caahiye| isa prakAra do pakSa nyUnatA dikhAI detI hai| isake sAtha hI sAtha candragaNanA ke anusAra prativarSa 6 dina kama hote haiN| ataH sampUrNa sAr3he bAraha varSoM meM pA~ca pakSa aura kama ho jAte haiN| isa prakAra 3 mAsa aura 1 pakSa kama ho jAtA hai, kintu sUrya varSa ke hisAba se pA~ca varSoM meM do mAsa kI vRddhi hotI hai| isa prakAra sAr3he bAraha varSoM meM lagabhaga 5 mAsa kI vRddhi hotI hai| ata: Der3ha mAsa yA tIna pakSa avaziSTa rahate haiN| saMbhavata: yaha kAla unakA belA, telA Adi anya tapasyAoM kA rahA hogA, jise gaNanA meM gRhIta nahIM kiyA hogaa| ataeva isase Agamika kathana meM koI bAdhA nahIM AtI hai| (82) isameM malayagiri viracita 'piNDaniyukti' ke AdhAra para yaha siddha kiyA gayA hai ki pRthvI Adi paMcakAya eka nizcita sImA ke bAhara le jAne ke bAda acitta ho jAte haiN| lekhaka ne isakA savistAra vivecana kiyA hai|

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samayasundara kI racanAe~ 105 (83) isa prakaraNa meM vividha granthoM kA pramANa dete hue zrotra, cakSu, ghrANa, rasana aura tvak- ina pA~ca indriyoM ke kramazaH zabda, rUpa, gandha, rasa, aura sparza- ye pA~ca viSaya batAye haiN| jo indriya jitanI dUrI taka apane viSaya kA grahaNa karatI hai, usakA bhI lekhaka ne ullekha kiyA hai| (84) prastuta prakaraNa meM tilakAcArya kRta 'Avazyaka-vRtti' ke AdhAra para yaha siddha kiyA hai ki kuNAla-nagarI ke vinAza karane vAle donoM sAdhu usa samaya 15 dinoM taka huI mUsalAdhAra vRSTi se nahIM mare, balki usake tIna varSa bAda marakara durgati ko prApta hue| (85) isameM yaha kahA gayA hai ki sAdhuoM ko aura pauSadha karane vAle zrAvakoM ko jina chaH padoM kA pATha karanA hotA hai, usakA AdhAra taruNaprabhasUri kRta 'SaDAvazyaka bAlAvabodha' hai| (86) prastuta adhikAra meM yaha batAyA gayA hai ki yadyapi kaTisUtra (kaTi-davaraka) sAdhuoM ke lie vihita 14 upakaraNoM meM nahIM AtA hai, tathApi paramparA se isakA bandhana pracalita hai| isI ke sAtha yaha bhI kahA gayA hai ki kharataragaccha ke zramaNaloga davaraka kA upayoga isalie nahIM karate haiM, kyoMki AryasuhastisUri kI paramparA meM yaha prathA nahIM thii| (87) isa prakaraNa meM 'jhANaMtariyA vaTTamANassa kevalavaraNANadaMsaNe samupane'- isa padya ke artha ko spaSTa karate hue zukla-dhyAna ke cAra bhedoM kA varNana kiyA gayA hai| (88) isameM vanaspatikAya ke aThAraha bhedoM kA nAmollekha karate hue yaha batAyA gayA hai ki ye bheda zaivazAstra meM prApta hote haiM, jaina meM nhiiN| (89) prastuta prakaraNa meM nAbhikulakara kI patnI marudevI ke zarIra ke parimANa meM apane pati ke parimANa se 25 dhanuSa kama hone kA kAraNa strI ke zarIra kA saMkucita honA batAyA gayA hai| (90) isa prakaraNa meM 'na dukkaraM vAraNapAsamoyaNaM gayassa mattassa vaNammi rAyaM'- isa padya kA yaha zuddha pATha - 'na dukkaraM bAnaraM.....rAyaM' ko prastuta karate hue punarukti-doSa kA nirAkaraNa kiyA gayA hai| (91) prastuta prakaraNa meM mithyAtva ko guNasthAna kyoM kahA jAtA hai, isa samasyA para vicAra kiyA gayA hai tathA yaha batAyA hai ki mithyAtva-dazA meM bhI jIva meM akSara kA anantavA~ bhAga- itanA jJAna avazya rahatA hai| ataH vaha jar3a se zreSTha hotA hai aura isIlie use guNasthAna kahA gayA hai| (92) prastuta adhikAra meM zrI AcArAMgasUtra' ke AdhAra para yaha kahA gayA hai ki bhagavAn mahAvIra dIkSAnantara chadmasthAvasthA meM do bAra bole the| (93) isa adhikAra meM yaha batAyA gayA hai ki gItArtha muni apavAda meM azuddha, sacitta aura AdhAkarmAdi doSa se yukta AhAra grahaNa kara sakate haiN|

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106 mahopAdhyAya samayasundara : vyaktitva evaM kRtitva (94) prastuta prakaraNa meM 'zrIAcArAMga' sUtra aura 'nizIthacUrNi' ke AdhAra para yaha siddha kiyA gayA hai ki kaccI aura zastra se anupahata kAlImirca, pippalI, adaraka Adi grAhya nahIM hai| (95) isa prakaraNa meM yaha batAyA hai ki sAdhuoM dvArA grAhya evaM agrAhya vastroM kA ullekha 'AcArAMgasUtra' meM upalabdha hai| (96) prastuta adhikAra meM yaha batAyA gayA hai ki kalpasUtra' meM sAdhuoM ke lie madya, mAMsa, makkhana Adi ke grahaNa karane ke sandarbha meM jo ullekha milatA hai, vaha ApattikAla ke lie hI hai, sAmAnya rUpa se nhiiN| lekhaka ne isa bAta kI puSTi ke lie AcArAMga Adi granthoM kA ullekha kiyA hai| (97) isa prakaraNa meM 'sthAnAMgasUtra' ke AdhAra para yaha kahA gayA hai ki zayyAtara gRha se AhAra, upadhi Adi grahaNa nahIM kiyA jA sakatA, kintu tRNAdika bAhya vastu grahaNa kara sakate haiN| (98) isa prakaraNa meM 'AcArAMgasUtravRtti' ke AdhAra para yaha batAyA gayA hai ki lokopakAraka kUpa, tAlAba Adi ko khodane kA sAdhujana na kisI ko upadeza deM aura na hI usakA niSedha kreN| (99) isa adhikAra meM yaha likhA hai ki sAdhu dvArA prAsuka grahaNa karane kA ullekha 'AcArAMga' meM hai| (100) prastuta prakaraNa meM lekhaka ne 'AcArAMga' ke AdhAra para yaha spaSTa kiyA hai ki bhikSu gaccha ke bAhara malina vastra na dhoe, kintu usake bhItara prAsuka udaka Adi se dhulA bhI sakatA hai| prastuta grantha kI mUla pANDulipiyA~ zrI kuzalacandrasUrijJAna bhaMDAra, rAmaghATa, vArANasI; zrI abhaya jaina granthAlaya, bIkAnera Adi jJAna bhaMDAroM meM upalabdha haiN| muni zrI sukhasAgarajI ne isa grantha kA sampAdana karake lakhamIcaMda veda-mohatA, AgarA dvArA prakAzita karavAyA hai| 1.9 vicAra-zataka 'vicAra-zataka' meM jainadharma-darzana se saMbaMdhita 100 prazroM yA samasyAoM kA samyak samAdhAna jainAgamoM evaM paravartI AcAryoM ke pramANabhUta granthoM ke AdhAra para kiyA gayA hai| pratyeka kathana kI puSTi ke lie aneka pramANa diye gaye haiN| grantha meM pAribhASita zabdAvalI kA bAhulya hai| prastuta grantha meM kula 100 prakaraNa haiM, jinameM mukhyata: 100 prazna upasthita kiye gaye haiM; kintu kisI-kisI prakaraNa meM eka se adhika prazna bhI haiN| granthAnta meM prazasti bhI hai| usameM prApta ullekhoM se jJAta hotA hai ki prastuta grantha kA racanAkAla vi0 saM0 1674

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samayasundara kI racanAe~ 107 aura racanA-sthala mer3atA nagara hai, jaisA ki graMthakAra ne svayaM likhA hai svacche kharataragacche vijayini jinsiNhsuurigururaaje| vedamanidarzanendu pramite 'bde meDatAnagare // prastuta graMtha ke vicAroM (prakaraNoM) kA varNya-viSaya saMkSepa meM isa prakAra haipahalA vicAra- isameM 'nandIsUtravRtti' Adi granthoM kA pramANa dete hue yaha batAyA gayA hai ki avadhijJAnI adhika se adhika aloka paryanta dekha sakatA hai aura kama se kama trisamAhAraka sUkSmapanakajIva kI avagAhanA ko dekha sakatA hai| dUsarA vicAra- isameM sthAnAMgasUtravRtti ke anusAra yaha kahA gayA hai ki vyavahAra pA~ca prakAra ke hote haiM- 1.AgamavyavahAra, 2. zrutavyavahAra, 3. AjJAvyavahAra, 4. dhAraNAvyavahAra aura 5. jItavyavahAra / granthakAra ne ukta vyavahAra bheda ke upabhedoM kA bhI prastuta vicAra meM vistRta vivecana kiyA hai| tIsarA vicAra- isameM yaha siddha karane kA prayAsa kiyA gayA hai ki sUtra chaH prakAra ke hote haiM- 1. utsarga-sUtra, 2. apavAda-sUtra, 3. utsargApavAdasUtra, 4. apavAdotsargasUtra, 5. utsargotsargasUtra evaM 6. apavAdApavAdasUtra / pramANa ke lie 'nizItha-cUrNi' Adi granthoM ke uddharaNa diye gaye haiN| cauthA vicAra- isameM muni ke gocarI hetu gamanAgamana meM hue doSoM kI AlocanA karane kI vidhi kA varNana kiyA gayA hai| isa vidhi kA ullekha 'dazavaikAlikasUtravRtti' meM huA pA~cavA~ vicAra - isameM jina maMdira se sambandhita caurAsI AzAtanAoM kA vistRta nirUpaNa kiyA gayA hai| pramANa ke lie 'pravacanasAroddhArasUtravRtti' kA ullekha kiyA gayA chaThA vicAra- isameM yaha kahA gayA hai ki sAdhu ke dvArA paMca avagrahayukta yAcanA karane kA ullekha AcArAMgasUtra' meM hai| sAtavA~ vicAra- isameM zramaNa ke gocarI-kriyA meM hone vAle 47 doSoM kA savistAra varNana kiyA gayA hai| usake lie granthakAra ne 'AcArAMga niyukti' kA pramANa diyA hai| AThavA~ vicAra- isameM yaha batAyA gayA hai ki vartamAna meM nizcaya kI apekSA vyavahAra balavAna hai, kyoMki vartamAna meM sAdhu ko vyavahArata: vaMdana kiyA jAtA hai tathA vyavahAra meM kevalI bhI chadmastha ko vaMdana karatA hai| navA~ vicAra- isameM 'AvazyakasUtravRtti' Adi ke AdhAra para yaha batAyA gayA hai ki jJAnAvaraNa Adi kASTha-karmoM kI utkRSTa sthiti hone para bhI jIva samyaktva prApta nahIM kara sakatA, kyoMki vaha granthiyoM kA bhedana nahIM kara sakatA hai| dasavA~ vicAra- isameM haribhadra kRta 'AvazyakavRtti' ke AdhAra para yaha batAyA gayA hai

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108 mahopAdhyAya samayasundara : vyaktitva evaM kRtitva ki varttamAna kAla meM jo vyakti sAdhuveSadhArI haiM, eka sthAna se dUsare sthAna para padavihAra karate haiM, bhASA-vinaya Adi meM pravINa haiM, unheM muni mAnakara vaMdana karanA caahie| gyArahavA~ vicAra - isameM ' AvazyakabRhadvRtti' Adi ke AdhAra para yaha kahA gayA hai ki muni ko usake mAtA-pitA, jyeSTha bhAI Adi lokagarhA Adi ke kAraNa vaMdana na kare / bArahavA~ vicAra - isameM isa bAta kA ullekha kiyA gayA hai ki saMmUrchima manuSya mala, mUtra, vIrya, strI- puruSa - saMyoga Adi caudaha sthAnoM meM utpanna ho sakate haiM / terahavA~ vicAra - isameM 'sayaNAsanna kAle' isa gAthA kI vistRta vyAkhyA kI gaI hai| caudahavA~ vicAra - isameM yaha batalAyA gayA hai ki muni ko chaha kAraNoM se AhAra grahaNa karanA cAhiye - 1. vedanA arthAt kSudhA kI zAnti ke lie, 2. vaiyAvRtya arthAt AcAryAdi kI sevA ke lie, 3. IryApatha arthAt mArga meM gamanAgamana kI nirdoSa pravRtti ke lie, saMyama arthAt munidharma kI rakSA ke lie, 5. prANapratyaya arthAt jIvana-rakSA ke lie aura 6. dharmacintA arthAt svAdhyAya Adi ke lie / 4. pandrahavA~ vicAra - isameM jinaprabhasUri racita grantha ke AdhAra para gRhapratimA-pUjana kI far batAyI gaI hai / solahavA~ vicAra - isameM gRha Adi meM vilambita jina-bimba (saMbhavata : cala - pratimA ) kI pUjA kI vidhi kA varNana kiyA hai| satarahavA~ vicAra - isameM 'yogazAstrasUtravRtti' ke AdhAra para yaha batAyA gayA hai rAtri-bhojana kA tyAga karane vAle vyakti ko kama se kama 1 muhUrttapUrva bhojana grahaNa kara lenA caahie| yadi isa avadhi ke pazcAt vaha bhojana karatA hai, to use rAtribhojana kA doSa lagatA hai 1 aThArahavA~ vicAra - isameM yaha prazna uThAyA gayA hai ki rAtri meM bhojana karate samaya makkhI Adi jIvoM kI hiMsA nahIM hotI hai, ataH rAtri bhojana anucita nahIM hai / isa prazna kA samAdhAna karate hue 'sArddhadinakRtya' Adi vividha granthoM ke AdhAra para batAyA gayA hai ki rAtri meM bhojana karanA anucita hai, kyoMki rAtri meM kunthu, pippalI Adi aneka jIvoM kI hiMsA kI sambhAvanA hai| unnIsavA~ vicAra - isameM batAyA gayA hai ki maithunArUr3ha strI- puruSa nava lakSa dvIndriya, navalakSa garbhaja paMcendriya evaM asaMkhyAt sammUrchima- paMcendriya jIvoM kI hiMsA karate haiM / bIsavA~ vicAra - isameM yaha batAyA gayA hai ki donoM jaMghAoM taka pAnI lage, vaha 'lepa' tathA usase Upara pAnI lagane ko 'UparI lepa' kahate haiM / ikkIsavA~ vicAra - isameM jaina mAnyatAnusAra donoM sUryoM kI meru parvata kI parikramA ke krama kA ullekha kiyA gayA hai| bAIsavA~ vicAra - isameM AsIviSa jIvoM kA svarUpa batAte hue kahA gayA hai ki inake

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samayasundara kI racanAe~ 109 do bheda hote haiM- 1. jAtitaH aura 2. krmtH| granthakAra ne inake bhedopabhedoM kA bhI vivecana kiyA hai| teIsavA~ vicAra- isameM 'nizItha-bhASya' ke AdhAra para yaha kahA gayA hai ki muni kevala striyoM kI sabhA meM pravacana nahIM de sakatA hai| caubIsavA~ vicAra - isa prakaraNa meM vaimAnika devoM ko jina sukhoM kI upalabdhi hotI hai, unakA savistAra nirdeza kiyA gayA hai| paccIsavA~ vicAra - isameM anuyoga ke cAra bheda batAe gae haiM- 1. dharmakathAnuyoga, 2. gaNitAnuyoga, 3. dravyAnuyoga aura, 4. crnnkrnnaanuyog| ina cAra anuyogoM meM nimnalikhita AgamoM kA samAveza hotA hai- prathama meM jJAtAdharma kathA Adi, dvitIya meM sUryaprajJapti Adi, tRtIya meM pUrva-sAhitya aura caturtha meM AcArAMga aadi| isakI puSTi ke lie granthakAra ne 'vicArasAra' Adi granthoM kA pramANa diyA hai| chabbIsavA~ vicAra - isameM nimnAMkita cAra prakAra ke AbharaNoM kA ullekha kiyA gayA hai- 1. granthima, 2. veSTima, 3. pUrima, 4. sNghaatim| sattAIsavA~ vicAra- isameM jina-zAsana meM hone vAle aSTaprabhAvaka vyaktiyoM ke nAma evaM unake svarUpa kA varNana kiyA gayA hai| ve ATha puruSa isa prakAra haiM- 1. pravacana-kuzala, 2. dharmakathA karane vAlA, 3. vAdI, 4. nimittazAstra kA jJAtA, 5. tapasvI, 6. vidyAsiddha, 7. Rddhi-siddhiyoM kA svAmI aura 8. kavi (kraaNtdrshii)| aTThAIsavA~ vicAra - isameM muni kI dasa samAcAriyoM kA vivecana kiyA gayA hai| ve isa prakAra haiM- 1. AvazyakIya, 2. naiSedhika, 3. ApRcchanA, 4. pratipRcchanA, 5. chandanA, 6. icchAkAra, 7. mithyAkAra, 8. pratizruta-tathyakAra, 9. gurupUjA-abhyutthAna aura 10. upsmpdaa| untIsavA~ vicAra- isameM nimnalikhita aSTa mAtAoM ke nAma batAye gaye haiM- 1. brAhmI, 2. mahezvarI, 3. caindrI, 4. vArAhI, 5. vaidarbhI, 6. matAkaumArI, 7. carmamuNDA, 8. kaalsNghrssnnii| tIsavA~ vicAra - isameM yaha batAyA gayA hai ki kaliyuga kA mAna 32 hajAra, dvApara yuga kA mAna 28 lAkha, tretAyuga kA mAna 42 lAkha 96 hajAra aura kRtayuga kA mAna 57 lAkha 28 hajAra varSa hai| ikatIsavA~ vicAra- isameM yaha batAyA gayA hai ki ghRtAdi ke sthApanA kA kAla eka deza pUrva koTi hai| battIsavA~ vicAra - isameM yaha batAyA gayA hai ki gacchavAsI sAdhuoM ke AhAra ke viSaya meM 'pazcAt karmadoSa' nahIM hotA hai| taiMtIsavA~ vicAra- isameM bhASA ke cAra bheda batAte hue kahA gayA hai ki vizeSa kAraNoM

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110 mahopAdhyAya samayasundara : vyaktitva evaM kRtitva para sAdhu mRSA bhI bola sakatA hai| cauMtIsavA~ vicAra- isameM sAdhu sUI Adi zrAvakoM se kaise leve evaM deva-isa vidhi kA sapramANa varNana kiyA gayA hai| paiMtIsavA~ vicAra -- isameM caudaha guNasthAnoM kA ativistArapUrvaka vivecana kiyA gayA hai| isake atirikta isa adhikAra meM guNasthAnoM se sambandhita aneka praznoM ko bhI uThAyA gayA hai aura unakA ucita samAdhAna kiyA hai| chattIsavA~ vicAra - isameM AcArAMga' aura 'prajJApanA sUtra' ke AdhAra para yaha batAyA hai ki vanaspati kA jo bIja vRkSa se saMyukta hotA hai, usameM jIva hotA hai aura jaba vaha bIja sUkha jAtA hai, taba usameM jIva nahIM rahatA hai| sAtha hI prastuta prakaraNa meM bIja sUkha jAne para usako punaH sajIva karane kI vidhi bhI batalAI gaI hai| saiMtIsavA~ vicAra - isameM AcArAMga sUtra' kA pramANa dete hue yaha siddha karane kA prayAsa kiyA gayA hai ki vanaspati meM bhI manuSya kI taraha nimna dharma hote haiM- janma, vRddhi, sacittatA, mlAnatA, AhAraka, anityatA aura ashaashvttaa| ar3atIsavA~ vicAra- isameM audArika, audArika mizra, vaikriya, vaikriya-mizra, AhAraka, AhAraka-mizra aura karmaNa- ina sAta yogoM ke svarUpa kA vivecana kiyA gayA hai| unatAlIsavA~ vicAra- isameM 'bRhatkalpabhASya' ke AdhAra para sthavirakalpI aura jinakalpI muniyoM kA pratilekhana-kAla batAyA gayA hai| cAlIsavA~ vicAra- isameM karma-prakRtiyoM kI zubha aura azubha dRSTi se tathA prakRtibandha sthitibandha, anubhAgabandha, aura pradezabandha ke kartA ke tIvra aura manda bhAvoM ke AdhAra para bhedopabheda kiye gaye haiN| isameM ikSu-rasa kA dRSTAnta bhI diyA gayA hai| ikatAlIsavA~ vicAra- isameM batAyA gayA hai ki pudgala, audArika, vaikriya, tejas, bhASA, AnApAna, mana aura karma - ina sAta prakAroM se AtmA pariNamita hotI hai| isake atirikta dravya, kSetra, kAla aura bhAva kI apekSA se tathA bAdara aura sUkSma ke AdhAra para sabhI pudgaloM ke bhedAnubheda bhI ullikhita haiN| bayAlIsavA~ vicAra - isameM 'khIisAhavIyagamaNa.....' isa gAthA kA artha batAyA gayA hai| tiyAlIsavA~ vicAra - isameM batAyA gayA hai ki bharata airAvata kSetra meM jaghanyata: 10 tIrthaGkara ho sakate haiN| cauvAlIsavA~ vicAra - isameM batAyA gayA hai ki sphaTika aura maNi kI taraha AtmA aura karma kA saMyoga bhinna-bhinna hai, ataH mokSa-prApti saMbhava hai| paiMtAlIsavA~ vicAra- isameM jainamatAnusAra paramANu kA lakSaNa batAyA gayA hai| chiyAlIsavA~ vicAra - isameM zuklapAkSika tathA kRSNapAkSika jIvoM ke lakSaNa batAye

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111 samayasundara kI racanAe~ gaye haiN| saiMtAlIsavA~ vicAra - isameM lezyA ke kRSNa, nIla, kApota, tejas, padma aura zuklaina cha: bhedoM ke svarUpa kA nirUpaNa kiyA gayA hai| ar3atAlIsavA~ vicAra- isameM sthAnAMga sUtra' ke AdhAra para yaha batAyA gayA hai ki muni pUrva dizA aura uttara dizA kI ora hI dIkSA, pratikramaNAdi kArya karate haiN| unacAsavA~ vicAra- isameM batAyA gayA hai ki lokAntika devoM ko sAtaveM yA AThaveM bhava meM mokSa-pada avazya prApta hotA hai| pacAsavA~ vicAra- isameM yaha batAyA gayA hai ki zakrendra ke apara nAma soma, yama, varuNa, vaizramaNa bhI haiN| yahI nAma lokapAla ke bhI haiN| ikkAvanavA~ vicAra - isameM siddha kiyA gayA hai ki jambudvIpa-prajJapti chaThA upAMga hai| bAvanavA~ vicAra - isameM batAyA gayA hai ki muni ke rajoharaNa ke UparI bhAga meM DorI tIna bAra AveSTita kI jAtI hai| tirepanavA~ vicAra- isameM varNana kiyA gayA hai ki sAdhu zrAvaka ke prAtihArya ke kAraNa aupagrahika vastu grahaNa kara sakatA hai| caupanavA~ vicAra - isameM batAyA gayA hai ki jisa prakAra sAyaMkAlIna pratikramaNa meM cAritra, darzana aura jJAna kA kramaza: anukrama se pratikramaNa kiyA jAtA hai, usI prakAra prAta:kAlIna pratikramaNa meM bhI isI anukrama se kiyA jAtA hai| pacapanavA~ vicAra- isameM sUrya apane Age-pIche aura Upara-nIce kitane kSetra ko tApa pradAna karatA hai, isa sambandha meM sapramANa vicAra kiyA gayA hai| chappanavA~ vicAra - isameM sAta abhavyoM kA vivaraNa diyA gayA hai| sattAvanavA~ vicAra - isameM batAyA gayA hai ki kucha sAdhuoM ke anAcArI hone para bhI vartamAna meM sAdhu-sattA vidyamAna hai| aTThAvanavA~ vicAra - isameM batAyA gayA hai ki jina-pUjA kA apalApa karane vAle vyantara devatA ke rUpa meM utpanna hote haiM, kyoMki unheM tIrthoM kA ucchedaka kahA gayA hai| unasaThavaoN vicAra- isameM 28 labdhiyoM ke nAma batAe gae haiN| sAThavA~ vicAra- isameM isa bAta kI savistAra carcA kI gaI hai ki pratyekabuddha 45 haiN| ikasaThavA~ vicAra- isameM 'mahAnizItha sUtra' ke AdhAra para jo vyakti jina-dIkSA grahaNa karane ke yogya nahIM hai, unakA ullekha kiyA gayA hai; jaise-koDhI, indriyahIna aadi| bAsaThavA~ vicAra- isameM 'SaDAvazyaka-bAlAvabodha' ke AdhAra para batAyA gayA hai ki usI atimuktaka muni ne nadI meM pAtra tirAyA thA, jo gautama svAmI ko aMgulI pakar3akara apane ghara le gayA thaa| tirasaThavA~ vicAra- isameM dvAdazAvarta-vandana kI vidhi batAI gaI hai|

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112 mahopAdhyAya samayasundara : vyaktitva evaM kRtitva causaThavA~ vicAra - isameM kahA gayA hai ki 'jina' zabda kA prayoga na kevala kevalI ke lie apitu chadmastha vItarAga ke lie bhI kiyA jA sakatA hai| paiMsaThavA~ adhikAra- isameM batAyA gayA hai ki sAdhu grAma meM eka dina aura nagara meM pA~ca dina raha sakatA hai - yaha niyama pratimA-pratipanna bhikSu ke lie hai| chiyAsaThavA~ vicAra- isameM prazravyAkaraNa-saMvaradvAra' ke AdhAra para batAyA gayA hai ki lavaMga eka phala hotA hai| sar3asaThavA~ vicAra - isameM 'AcArAMgasUtravRtti' ke AdhAra para batAyA gayA hai ki jAtismaraNavAn saMkhyAta bhava taka dekha sakatA hai| ar3asaThavA~ vicAra - isameM batAyA gayA hai ki jisa tAlAba Adi meM manuSya, pazu Adi snAna kara lete haiM, vaha pAnI mizra-jala ho jAtA hai| unahattaravA~ vicAra- isameM kahA gayA hai ki mahA aTavI ke mArga meM AhAra prApta na hone para sAdhu sattu, modaka Adi pAsa meM rakhakara unakA paribhoga kara sakatA hai| sattaravA~ vicAra- isameM batAyA gayA hai ki saMghAcAryoM Adi kA jo vairI hotA hai, usakI muni hatyA taka bhI kara sakatA hai| ekahattaravA~ vicAra - isameM 'jIvAbhigamavRtti' ke AdhAra para yaha kahA gayA hai ki vijaya Adi vimAna meM utpanna jIva jaghanyataH eka bhava aura utkRSTataH caubIsa bhavoM ke pazcAt manuSya-bhava prApta kara mukta ho jAte haiN| bahattaravA~ vicAra - isameM 'jIvAbhigamalaghuvRtti' ke anusAra batAyA gayA hai ki deva, nAraka, yauglika (yugaliyA) aura manuSya ke utpatti-kAla meM aparyApta hone para unheM upakrama AyuSya kA bandha hotA hai| tihattaravA~ vicAra - isameM batAyA gayA hai ki yadi sAdhu ke tivihAra upavAsa ho, to bhI vaha anya sAdhuoM kI bacI huI gocarI kA pariSThApana kara sakatA hai| cauhattaravA~ vicAra- isameM AvazyakasUtravRtti' Adi granthoM kA pramANa dete hue batAyA gayA hai ki muni gajasukumAra ne jisa dina dIkSA grahaNa kI thI, usI dina unhoMne mokSa prApta kiyA thaa| pacahattaravA~ vicAra - isameM ratnaprabhA Adi narakoM meM kitane bhAga meM nAraka jIva rahate haiM tathA kitane bhAga meM vyaMtara jIva rahate haiM aura kitanA bhAga khAlI rahatA hai-isakA vicAra kiyA gayA hai| chihattaravA~ vicAra - isameM 'bRhatsaMgrahaNIsUtra' ke anusAra siddha kiyA gayA hai ki palyopama ke tIna bheda hote haiM - 1. uddhAra, 2. addha aura 3. khitt| satahattaravA~ vicAra - isameM batAyA gayA hai ki saMsAra meM devara, putra bhAI, pitA, mAtA Adi kula aThAraha rizte sambandha hote haiN|

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samayasundara kI racanAe~ 113 aThahattaravA~ vicAra - isameM untIsa aMkoM taka kI saMkhyA kA kisa prakAra prayoga hotA hai yA usakI Anayana-paddhati kyA hai-isa para vicAra kiyA gayA hai| unnAsIvA~ vicAra - isameM pratikramaNasUtravRtti' Adi granthoM ke AdhAra para batAyA gayA hai ki vyavahAra kI rakSA ke lie pArzvastha (zithilAcArI) sAdhuoM ko AhAra-dAna karane meM doSa nahIM hai| assIvA~ vicAra- prApta pANDulipi meM prastuta vicAra anupalabdha hai| ikyAsIvA~ vicAra- isameM 'piNDavizuddhibRhatvRtti' meM upalabdha sAkSyoM ke AdhAra para batAyA gayA hai ki muni garbhavatI strI ke hAtha se ATha mAsa taka bhikSA grahaNa kara sakatA bayAsIvA~ vicAra - isameM kahA gayA hai ki agrapiNDadoSa kA varNana 'piNDavizuddhi sUtravRtti' meM pratipAdita hai| granthakAra ne agrapiNDadoSa kA vivecana bhI kiyA hai| tirAsIvA~ vicAra - isameM batAyA gayA hai ki jina-pratimA kI pUjA ke samaya caurAsI AzAtanAoM meM jo mukuTa kirITa ziromaulI utArane kA ullekha hai, usakA kyA artha hai, kyoMki kar3avA-matavAle pagar3I kA artha maulI nahIM samajhate haiN| samayasundara bhI yaha mAnate haiM ki pagar3I utAranA Avazyaka nahIM hai| caurAsIvA~ vicAra - isameM 'dazavaikAlika-TIkA' ke AdhAra para batAyA gayA hai ki rAjImatI ne neminAtha se 100 varSa pUrva hI mokSa prApta kara liyA thaa| picAsIvA~ vicAra- isameM pravacanasAroddhArasUtravRtti' ke AdhAra para batAyA gayA hai ki sAdhu kSudhA se pIr3ita vyakti ko apanI bhikSA meM lAyA huA AhAra de sakatA hai| chiyAsIvA~ vicAra- isameM pravacanasAroddhAra' nAmaka grantha ke AdhAra para batAyA gayA hai ki muni kaMTaka Adi se rakSA karane ke lie carma se nirmita upAnaha (jUtA, cappala Adi) ko chor3akara anya vastroM Adi se banAye gaye upAnaha ko dhAraNa kara sakatA hai| satayAsIvA~ vicAra- isameM sthAnAMgasUtra' kA pramANa dete hue kahA hai ki strI puruSa ke sAtha sambhoga na karate hue bhI garbha dhAraNa kara sakatI hai| aTTAsIvA~ vicAra - isameM 'bhagavatIsUtra' ke AdhAra para batAyA gayA hai ki, loka meM ajIva ke 11 bheda hote haiM tathA aloka meM 1 bheda hotA hai| unayAsIvA~ vicAra - isameM 'jIvAbhigamasUtravRtti' Adi granthoM ke AdhAra para batAyA gayA hai ki ratnaprabhApRthvI Adi dravya kI apekSA se zAzvata hai| nabbevA~ vicAra- prApta pANDulipi meM prastuta vicAra anupalabdha hai| ikyAnabevA~ vicAra- isameM batAyA gayA hai ki naraka meM bhI sAtA vedanIya karma kA udaya hotA hai| jisa samaya tIrthaGkara Adi mahApuruSoM ke jIva kA pRthvI para janma-kalyANa Adi hotA hai, usa samaya nArakI jIvoM ko sAtA vedanIya kA anubhava hotA hai|

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114 mahopAdhyAya samayasundara : vyaktitva evaM kRtitva bAnabevA~ vicAra - isameM kahA gayA hai ki jainasiddhAnta meM bhI graha, nakSatra, muhUrta Adi mAnya haiN| tirAnabevA~ vicAra- isameM bhattepANe sayaNAsanne'- isa gAthA kA artha batalAyA gayA hai| caurAnavevA~ vicAra - isameM batAyA gayA hai ki prabhatAkAlIna pratikramaNa sUryodaya ke samaya karanA caahiye| picAnabevA~ vicAra- isameM isa bAta kA varNana kiyA gayA hai ki jisa samaya muni vastrapAtrAdi kA pratilekhana karatA hai, usa samaya utkaTuka Asana meM baiThatA hai| chiyAnabevA vicAra - isameM batAyA gayA hai ki mAMsa meM ananta saMmUrchina jIva utpanna hote haiN| sattAnabevA~ vicAra - isameM batAyA gayA hai ki jina-pratimA-pUjana Adi ke samaya pRthivI, tejasa, Adi ke jIva Adi anumodanA karate haiM, to usakA AgAmI bhava meM phala avazya prApta hotA hai| aDAnabevA~ vicAra- isameM asatya bhASA ke 10 aura asatyamRSA bhASA ke 12 bhedoM kA savistAra vivecana kiyA gayA hai| ninAnabevA~ vicAra- isameM Avazyaka cUrNi' ke tRtIya adhyayana ke AdhAra para batAyA gayA hai ki rAtripratikramaNa kA kAla subaha 12 baje taka hai aura daivasika pratikramaNa kA kAla rAtri ke 12 baje taka hai| sauvA~ vicAra- isameM batAyA gayA hai ki bhavya jIva kI bhavasthiti niyata aura aniyatadonoM prakAra kI hotI hai| granthAnta meM dI gaI prazasti se jJAta hotA hai ki yaha grantha saMvat 1674 meM mer3atA nagara meM likhA gayA thA - vedamunidarzanenduH prmitebdemeddtaangre| ___prastuta grantha kI pANDulipi zrIkuzalasUri-jJAnabhaNDAra, vArANasI se upalabdha huI hai tathA yaha grantha adhunA paryanta aprakAzita hai| 1.10 vizeSa saMgraha prastuta grantha saMgraha kI dRSTi se atyanta mahattvapUrNa hai| isa prakAra ke viziSTa grantha bahuta kama likhe hue dikhAI par3ate haiN| granthakAra samayasundara ne aneka sUtra, siddhAnta, bhASya, prakaraNa, granthAdi kA gahana adhyayana karake unameM pAyI jAnevAlI vizeSatAoM kA isa kRti meM apUrva saMgraha kiyA hai| granthakAra granthArambha meM svayaM isa bAta ko sUcita karate 1. vicArazataka, prazasti (1)

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samayasundara kI racanAe~ saMvIkSya sUtrasiddhAnta bhASyaprakaraNAdikam / vizeSasaMgrahaM vakSye svapara smRtihetave // prastuta grantha meM graMthakAra ne jina granthoM meM samAnyatayA pracalita evaM prasiddha bAtoM atirikta kucha vizeSa bAtoM kA ullekha huA hai, unakA vivecana evaM saMkalana kiyA hai| granthakAra ne ullikhita tathyoM ke granthoM, unakI patra - saMkhyA, adhyAya yA 2905, gAthA, sthAna Adi kA bhI ullekha kiyA hai| vizeSa spaSTIkaraNa ke lie eka-do udAharaNa avalokya haiM 1. grAmaparAsaro vipro rAjaniyukto grAme rAjJaH kSetrANikheTayan / bhaktAgamepi nirghRNo nAmuMcat / rAjakSetraM vApayitvA zrAMtra: kSutRSAkrAMtai: SaT DhalazataniyuktaSaT hAlikazatairdvAdazabhirvRSabhazataizca / AyAte bhakte velA'tikrame balAtsvakSetre / ekaikAM sItAmadApayat / antarAyaM karmA'rjitvA / anAlocya mRtvA bhavaM bhrAMtvA / akAmanirjarayA dvAravatyAM kRSNaharerDhaDhaNApatyAMDhaMDhaNasuto'bhUt / sa yauvanedharmanemaiH zrutvA pravrajyabahu zruto bhUH / anyadAtadaMta rAyakarmo dIrNamityAdi // zrI uttarAdhyayanAvacUrNo dvitIyAdhyayane alAbhaparISahAdhikAre / atra SaTTThalazatAni 1 bhava bhrAntvA 2 bahuzrutobhRH 3 anyadA 4 itisthAnacatuSTayevizeSaH // 2 // 2. uttarAdhyayanAni nirvANakAle zrI vIreNAkAni citsUtrataH kAnicidarthataH / uktAni / iti zrI uttarAdhyayanAvacUrNau prathamAdhyayanavyAkhyA prArambhe / atra zrIvIreNa nirvANakAle uktAnIti vizeSaH // 3 // 3. idaM ca parISahAdhyayanaM aSTamapUrvaM madhyagatamabhUt yata: / kammappavAyapuvve sattarasehUmaM mijaM sutaM / sanayaM saudAharaNa / taM ceva ihaM pinnAyavvaM // 1 // itiniryuktai : asyAdhyayanasyakarmapravAdanAmASTakamapUrvasaptadazaprAbhRtAt sudharmasvAminA jambUpratikathanAcceti dvitIyAdhyayane abhUjiNAgAthA vyAkhyAne / iti zrI uttarAdhyayanedvitIyAdhyayane / atra dvitIyAdhyayanaM / aSTamapUrvagatamitivizeSaH // 4 // jaina sAhitya-zodhasnAtakoM ke lie prastuta graMtha bahuta hI lAbhadAyaka hai| yaha grantha aneka bizeSatAoM ko apane meM samAviSTa kiye hue hai| isameM kucha 160 prakaraNa haiM / pratyeka prakaraNa meM vizeSatAoM kI carcA kI gaI hai| granthAnta meM prazasti bhI pradatta hai samayasundara ne vi0 saM0 1685 ke phAlguna mAsa meM lUNakarNasara meM ziSyahitArtha yaha racanA likhI thI - 1 tai: ziSyAdihitArthaM, granthoyaMgrathitaH prayatnena / nAmnAvizeSasaMgraha, iSuvasu zrRMgAra - mitavarSe // 3 // ...gaM zrImati lUNakarNasarasi zrIsaMghadIptodaye / granthoyaM paripUrNatAmalabhata zrI phAlgunemAsi ca // 4 // 115

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mahopAdhyAya samayasundara : vyaktitva evaM kRtitva isa grantha kI pANDulipi zrI cintAmaNi pArzvanAtha jaina zvetAmbara paMcAyatI bar3A maMdira, vArANasI se prApta huI hai / pANDulipi pUrNa surakSita hai / grantha prakAzana yogya hai / 1.11 dIkSA-pratiSThA - zuddhi 116 isa graMtha meM jaina sAdhuoM ke liye dIkSA aura pratiSThA se saMbaMdhita muhUrtta, tithi Adi jyotiSazAstrIya viSayoM kA gUr3ha vivecana kiyA gayA hai| prastuta grantha ke nirmANa meM granthakAra ne apane pautra- ziSya jyotiSazAstra - niSNAta vAcaka jayakIrtti se sahAyatA lI thii| isa grantha kI racanA vi0 saM0 1685 meM lUNakarNasara nAmaka sthAna para huI thIM / granthakAra ne svayaM isa bAta kA ullekha kiyA hai -- zrI lUNakarNasarasi, smarazara - vasu SaDuDupati-varSe / jyoti: zAstravicakSaNa- vAcaka- jayakIrttidatta-sAhATyeH / zrI samayasundaropAdhyAyaiH sandarbhito granthaH // 1 1.12 visaMvAdazataka prastuta zataka kI viSaya-vastu asaMgata, asambaddha aura virodhAtmaka viSayoM se sambandhita hai| jina AgamoM tathA zAstroM meM paraspara visaMvAdita bAteM prApta hotI haiM, unakA nAmollekha karate hue visaMvAdita bAtoM ko prastuta kiyA gayA hai| granthakAra ne apanI ora se una visaMvAdoM kA spaSTIkaraNa nahIM kiyA hai| ve aneka sthAnoM para isa bAta kA avazya ullekha karate haiM ki ina visaMvAdoM meM satya kyA hai, yaha kevalajJAnI hI jAnate haiM / samayasundara ne prastuta grantha meM kula 100 visaMvAdita viSayoM kA viniyojana kiyA hai| yadyapi prApta prati meM 102 visaMvAdapUrNa tathyoM kA nirUpaNa hai, kintu samayasundara ne 100 visaMvAdapUrNa tathyoM kI hI carcA hI hai| kAraNa, 100 visaMvAdapUrNa tathyoM ke pazcAt prazasti dI gaI hai aura usake bAda punaH 2 naye visaMvAdapUrNa tathyoM kI carcA kI gaI hai| hameM lagatA hai ki unake paravartI kAla meM kisI ne anta meM do anya visaMvAdapUrNa tathyoM ko aura jor3A hai| prastuta zataka kA racanA kAla vi0 saM0 1685 evaM racanA - sthala anullikhita hai / isa zataka kI hastalikhita pANDulipi zrI abhaya jaina granthAlaya, bIkAnera se prApta huI hai / prApta pANDulipi saM0 1889 meM likhita hai / samprati, vaha supAThya nahIM hai evaM azuddha bhI hai / ata: isa zataka ke pratyeka prakaraNa ke varNya viSaya kA yahA~ ullekha nahIM kiyA jA sktaa| jitanA par3hA jA sakA, usI ke AdhAra para ukta niSkarSa nikAlA hai| yaha grantha aprakAzita hai| 1.13 kharataragaccha-paTTAvalI yaha eka aitihAsika grantha hai| isameM samayasundara ne bhagavAn mahAvIra ke ziSya 1. dIkSA - pratiSThA - zuddhi, prazasti (1-2)

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samayasundara kI racanAe~ 117 gaNadhara gautama se lekara apane samasAmayika gacchAdhipati paryanta kI gurvAvalI pradAna kI hai| kavi ne apanI paramparA ke sabhI AcAryoM kA jIvana-vRtta isameM nibaddha kiyA hai, jisakA vistRta varNana isa prathama adhyAya ke 'guru-paramparA' upazIrSaka meM kara Ae haiN| ata: isa pariprekSya meM punaH likhanA piSTapeSaNa hI hogaa| prastuta grantha kA praNayana vi0 saM0 1690 meM khambhAta meM huA thaa| granthakAra svayaM granthAnta meM likhate haiM - imaM gurvAvalIgranthaM gaNi: smysundrH| namonidhirasendvakde staMbhatIrthapure'karot / / isa grantha kI hastalikhita pANDulipi sva0 pUraNacanda nAhara, kolakAtA ke jJAna bhaNDAra meM hai, jisakI nakala hamAre pAsa bhI hai, lekina pANDulipi kA antima pRSTha upalabdha na hone ke kAraNa prastuta grantha ke parimANa, racanA-nirmANa ke preraka Adi kA ullekha karanA zakya nahIM hai| DA0 satyanArAyaNa svAmI ne prastuta grantha kI pANDulipi abhaya jaina granthAlaya, bIkAnera meM bhI upalabdha hone kI sUcanA dI hai| yaha grantha aprakAzita 1.14 kathAkoSa prastuta grantha kI mUla pANDulipi hameM kisI bhI granthAlaya se upalabdha nahIM huI hai| prApta sUcanAoM ke AdhAra para 'kathAkoza' kI granthakAra dvArA svayaM likhita apUrNa prati mahopAdhyAya vinayasAgara ke pAsa upalabdha hai aura pUrNa prati jinaRddhisUri saMgraha, bIkAnera vastutaH samayasundara ke kathAkoza do prakAra ke milate haiM, jinameM eka maulika hai, tathA dUsarA saMgrahIta / uparyukta pratiyA~ ina donoM kozoM meM se kisakI haiM, ajJAta hai| ukta donoM kathAkozoM ke sambandha meM nAhaTA-bandhu likhate haiM, mahopAdhyAya vinayasAgara jI ne kavi kA paricaya dete hue kathAkoza kI pUrI prati nahIM milane kA ullekha kiyA hai| isakI kaI pratiyA~ hameM prApta huI haiM, jinameM se eka to kavi ko svayaM likhita hai, para bhinna-bhinna pratiyoM ke milAne se aisA mAlUma par3atA hai ki kavi ne do taraha ke kathAkoza banAye haiN| eka meM anya vidvAnoM ke granthoM se kathAe~ uddhRta va saMgrahIta kI gaI haiM aura dUsare meM unhoMne svayaM bahuta-sI kathAe~ likhI haiN| inameM se pahale prakAra kI eka prati nAhara jI ke saMgraha meM milI hai aura dUsarI kI eka prati sva0 jinaRddhisarijI ke saMgraha meM se prApta huI hai| isameM 167 kathAe~ haiM, para kavi ke anya granthoM kI bhAMti isameM prazasti nahIM milane se sambhava hai kucha aura bhI kathAe~ likhanI raha gaI hoM yA prazasti nahIM likhI gaI ho| 1. mahAkavi samayasundara aura unakI rAjasthAnI racanAe~, pRSTha 63 2. draSTavya - sItArAma caupAI, bhUmikA, pRSTha 53

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118 mahopAdhyAya samayasundara : vyaktitva evaM kRtitva 'kathApatrANi' nAmaka kavi ke svayaM likhita phuTakara patroM kI eka prati milI hai, jisake 137 yA 155 patra (donoM hAziyoM para do saMkhyAMka) the| isameM 114 kathAe~ haiM aura granthaparimANa karIba 6000 zloka kA likhA hai| anta meM kavi ne svayaM likhA hai ki - 'saM0 1695 varSe caitrasudi paMcamIdine zrI jAlora-nagare likhitaM zrI samayasundara upAdhyAyaiH / iyaM kathAkozaprati mayi jIvati madadhInA, pazcAt paM0 harSakuzalamuneH prdttaasti| vAcyAmAnA ciraM vijytaam| mahopAdhyAya vinayasAgara ne kathAkoza kA racanA-kAla isa prakAra batAyA hai - Rtu-vasu-rasa-zazi-varSe, vinirmito vijayatAM ciraM grnthH|2 ukta ullekha se spaSTa hotA hai ki kathAkoza kA nirmANa vi0 saM0 1668 meM huA thA, kintu yaha kahanA kaThina hai ki yaha saMvat samayasundara dvArA likhita kathAkoza kA hai athavA saMgrahIta kathAkoza kaa| 1.15 sArasvata-vyAkaraNa-rahasya prastuta kRti 'sArasvata-vyAkaraNa' ke sUtroM ke AdhAra para nirmita eka sArasaMgrahAtmaka racanA hai| prArambha aura anta ke padyoM se aisA prakaTa hotA hai ki isameM inhoMne sampUrNa sArasvata-vyAkaraNa ke sArabhUta tathyoM ko saMkalita kara usake marma ko spaSTa karane kA prayatna kiyA thA, kintu upalabdha kRti meM dhAtuoM ke dasa kAloM ke rUpoM (lakAroM) kA saMgraha hI prApta hotA hai / dhAtu-rUpoM ke sandarbha meM granthakAra ne sakarmaka-akarmaka Adi bhedoM ke nirUpaNa ke sAtha-sAtha kartRvAcya, karmavAcya evaM bhAvavAcya ke dhAtu-rUpoM kA bhI nirdeza kiyA hai| saMjJAvAcaka zabdoM ke rUpoM (subanta) ke bAre meM kahIM koI carcA nahIM kI gaI hai| mAtra dhAtu-rUpoM ke udAharaNa ke prasaMga meM kucha saMjJA-zabdoM ke rUpa nirdiSTa haiM, kintu unakI vyutpatti kA koI digdarzana nahIM hai| sambhava hai ki saMjJA (nAma) zabdoM se sambaddha rahasya bhI inhoMne likhA ho, kintu vartamAna meM vaha upalabdha nahIM hai| isa kRti ke racanA-kAla, racanA-sthala ityAdi ke bAre meM lekhaka ne koI saMketa nahIM diyA hai| isa kRti kI hastalikhita prati zrI jinaharivihAra, pAlItAnA (gujarAta) se prApta huI hai| yaha aprakAzita kRti hai| 1.16 phuTakara prazrottara prastuta grantha abhI taka aprApya hai| nAhaTA-bandhuoM ko prastuta grantha kI sUcI kA antima patra hI prApta huA hai, jisake AdhAra para yaha jJAta hotA hai ki samayasundara ne isa grantha kA praNayana kiyA thaa| sUcI ke antima patra se spaSTa hotA hai ki isa grantha meM 287 1. samayasundara kRti kusumAMjali, vaktavya, pRSTha 27 2. draSTavya - vahI, mahopAdhyAya samayasundara, pRSTha 54

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samayasundara kI racanAe~ praznottara hone caahiyeN| prApta patra meM grantha ke racanA-kAla Adi kA nirdeza nahIM hai| 1.17 praznottara sAra-saMgraha prastuta saMgraha-grantha kI hastalikhita prati nAhaTA-bandhuoM ke ullekhAnusAra haMsa vijaya lAibrerI, bar3audA meM prApta hai, kintu athaka prayAsa karane para bhI yaha grantha hameM prApta nahIM ho skaa| mahopAdhyAya vinayasAgara ke anusAra 'yaha grantha nAmasvarUpa praznottara rUpa na hokara svayaM saMgRhIta zAstrAlApakarUpa hai|"2 1.18 draupadI-saMharaNa ___prastuta grantha ke bAre meM kisI vidvAn ne koI jAnakArI nahIM dI hai| vividha prayAsoM ke pazcAt antataH mudraNa-kArya hote samaya sUcanA prApta huI ki prastuta grantha kI pANDulipi lAlabhAI dalapatabhAI granthAlaya, ahamadAbAda meM upalabdha hai| pANDulipi meM kula 21 patra haiN| prApta saMketoM se yaha kRti parimANa meM bRhat honI caahiye| vizeSa vivaraNa pANDulipi ke avalokana ke pazcAt hI prastuta kiyA jA sakatA hai| prayAsa karane para yadi pANDulipi mila gaI, to hama isa kRti para adhyayana karane kI abhilASA rakhate haiN| 1.19 sArasvatIya zabda rUpAvalI / prastuta grantha kI mUla pANDulipi hameM prApta nahIM huI hai| mahopAdhyAya vinayasAgara ke ullekhAnusAra isa grantha kI samayasundara-likhita prati abhaya jaina granthAlaya, bIkAnera meM hai, kintu khoja karAne para prati granthAlaya meM prApta nahIM huii| astu|| grantha ke nAma se aisA lagatA hai ki isameM sArasvata-vyAkaraNa kI zabda-rUpAvalI kA varNana athavA vivecana kiyA gayA hai| prastuta grantha samayasundara dvArA hI likhita hai, isakI prAmANikatA evaM aprAmANikatA ke sambandha meM kucha puSTa prabhAva milate haiN| mahopAdhyAya vinayasAgara dvArA nirmita samayasundara kI racanAoM kI sUcI meM prastuta grantha kA nAmollekha hai, kintu nAhaTA-bandhuoM ne samayasundara kI racanAoM kI tAlikA meM isa grantha kA koI ullekha nahIM kiyA hai, jabaki nAhaTAbandhuoM ne mahopAdhyAya vinayasAgara ke pazcAt sUcI prakAzita kI hai| dUsare meM isa grantha kI prati unhIM ke granthAlaya meM upalabdha ho aura ve use kisI anya vidvAn dvArA ullikhita karane ke bAda bhI apanI sUcI meM sthAna na deM, yaha bAta asambhava-sI lagatI hai; tathApi 1. samayasundara-caupAI, bhUmikA, pRSTha 53 2. samayasundara kRti kusumAMjali, mahopAdhyAya samayasundara, pRSTha 54 3. samayasundara kRti kusumAMjali, mahopAdhyAya samayasundara, pRSTha 51 4. vahI, pRSTha 51 5. sItArAma-caupAI, bhUmikA, pRSTha 53

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120 mahopAdhyAya samayasundara : vyaktitva evaM kRtitva mahopAdhyAya vinayasAgara ne 'sArasvata - vRtti' kI prAmANikatA batAne ke liye prastuta grantha jo uddharaNa liyA hai, usase spaSTa ho jAtA hai ki samayasundara ne 'sArasvatIya zabdarUpAvalI' nAmaka grantha kA praNayana kiyA thA sArasvatasya rUpANi, pUrva vRtteralIlikhat / stambhatIrthe madhau mAse, gaNi- - samayasundaraH // vizeSa puSTi to mUla pANDulipi dekhane para hI kI jA sakatI hai| 1.20 tRNASTakam prastuta aSTaka kA racanA - kAla anirdiSTa hai / isameM tRNa kI vibhinna prakAra kI lokopayogitA ko dhyAna meM rakhakara usakI prazaMsA kI hai aura usakA mAhAtmya batAyA hai / udAharaNa svarUpa - - - kRte paMcAmRte bhojye tAmbUle bhakSite tRNa / vaktrazuddhikarantattvaM varAMgasthiti tanmahat // 5 // tRNazaktira hodarbha-tRNajhATena mantrataH / duSTasphoTaka bhUtAdidoSA yAMti yataH kSayam // 7 // chAyA sadmoparisthastvaM daMtasthaM yudhi jIvanam / go- jagdha-masi - dugdhaM tadupakAri mahat tRNa // 8 // yaha aSTaka 'samayasundara kRti kusumAMjali' meM saMgrahIta hai / 1.21 rajASTakam isameM raja kI Atma kathA nibaddha hai / isameM kavi ne raja ko kSamAzIla, baccoM ke zRMgAra kA sAdhana, vazIkaraNa kA sAdhana, anAyAsa sulabha ityAdi guNoM se yukta mAnA hai; jaise sarva sahA prazrUtittvAtmardyamAnaM padairadhaH / na kupyasi kadApi tvaM rajaste kSAMtiruttamA // 4 // rathyAsu ramamANAnAM zizUnAM pAMsuzAlinAm / dhUle tvaM sa mahardhyApi zRGgArAdatiricyase // 7 // prastuta aSTaka meM 8 padya haiN| isakA racanA-samaya ajJAta hai| yaha aSTaka 'samayasundara kRti kusumAMjali' meM mudrita hai / 1.22 udgacchasUryabimbASTakam prastuta aSTaka meM udIyamAna sUryamaNDala kA kavi ne vividha kalpanAoM dvArA rocaka varNana kiyA hai / kavi kI jisa kalpanA meM prAcI dizA kabhI eka kAminI hai, jisake vizAla lalATa para sUrya tilaka ke samAna hai; kabhI hAtha meM lAla geMda lie eka 1. uddhRta - samayasundara kRti kusumAMjali, mahopAdhyAya samayasundara, pRSTha 50

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samayasundara kI racanAe~ 121 kanyA hai, jisase aruNa rUpa bAlaka jhaTake se usa geMda ko pazcima diyA rUpa kanyA kI ora uchAla rahA hai| prastuta aSTaka kA racanA-kAla anirdiSTa hai| aSTaka 'samayasundara kRti kusumAMjali' meM prakAzita hai| 1.23 samasyASTakam vivecya racanA meM kavi ne 'zatacandranabhastalam' - isa samasyA kI vividha upamAoM aura kalpanAoM dvArA pUrti kI hai| yadyapi aSTaka nAma se yaha spaSTa hotA hai ki isameM ATha padya rahe hoMge, kintu mudrita pratiyoM meM padyoM kI saMkhyA 9 hai aura antima 10vA~ padya upasaMhAra rUpa hai| svayaM kavi likhita prati meM isI samasyA kI pUrti para 6 padya aura the, kintu aba unameM se 3 padya prApta hote haiN| prastuta racanA kA racanA-kAla ajJAta hai| yaha racanA samayasundara kRti kusumAMjali meM saMkalita hai| uparyakta saMskRta racanAoM ke atirikta phuTakara saMskRta-sAhitya bhI pracura parimANa meM upalabdha hotA hai| yaha sAhitya mukhyataH tIrthaMkaroM, guruoM Adi kI stuti se sambandhita hai| aise saMskRta-sAhitya kA paricaya hama 'prakIrNaka-racanAe~' zIrSaka ke antargata Age prastuta kreNge| 2. saMskRta-TIkAe~ __ mUla grantha ke rahasyodghATana ke lie usa para TIkAtmaka yA vyAkhyAtmaka sAhitya kA nirmANa karanA bhAratIya granthakAroM kI bahuta prAcIna paramparA hai| isa prakAra ke sAhitya se do prayojana siddha hote haiN| vyAkhyAkAra ko apanI lekhanI se granthakAra ke abhISTa artha kA vizleSaNa karane meM asIma AtmollAsa hotA hai tathA kahIM-kahIM use apanI mAnyatA prastuta karane kA avasara bhI milatA hai| dUsarI ora pAThaka ko grantha ke gUDhArtha taka pahu~cane ke lie anAvazyaka zrama nahIM karanA pdd'taa| isa prakAra vyAkhyAkAra kA parizrama sva-para-ubhaya ke lie upayogI siddha hotA hai| vyAkhyAkAra kI AtmatuSTi ke sAtha hI sAtha jijJAsuoM kI tRSNA bhI zAnta hotI hai| isI pavitra bhAvanA se bhAratIya vyAkhyA-graMthoM kA nirmANa huA hai| jaina vyAkhyAkAroM ke hRdaya bhI isI bhAvanA se bhAvita rahe haiN| mahopAdhyAya samayasundara kA vyAkhyAtmaka sAhitya-jagat meM sammAnya sthAna hai| unakI vyAkhyAparaka pratibhA vilakSaNa thii| unakA vyAkhyAtmaka sAhitya bhI vipula hai| unakI vyAkhyA- zailI bahuta sarala evaM zIghrabodhagamya hai| kisI bhI viSaya kA jitane vistAra se vicAra honA cAhie, vaha unameM vidyamAna hai| pAribhASika zabdoM ke gUDhArthoM ko 1. draSTavya - jainasAhitya kA bRhad itihAsa, bhAga 3, pRSTha 7

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122 mahopAdhyAya samayasundara : vyaktitva evaM kRtitva prakaTa rUpa meM prastuta karane meM samayasundara dakSa the / unhoMne mUla grantha ke viSayoM kA vistRta vivecana to kiyA hI hai, sAtha hI sAtha unheM naye-naye hetuoM dvArA puSTa bhI kiyA hai| janahita kI dRSTi se unhoMne lokabhASA meM bhI sarala evaM subodha vyAkhyAna - grantha likhe haiM / saMskRta - TIkAoM ke lie unhoMne vibhinna nAmoM kA prayoga kiyA hai; yathA - TIkA, vRtti, TippaNa, vivecana, vyAkhyA, dIpikA, avacUri, paryAya, cUrNi Adi / samayasundara ne na kevala jaina sAhitya para TIkAe~ likhIM, apitu jainetara sAhitya para bhI aneka TIkAe~ likhI haiN| unake prApta sampUrNa TIkA - sAhitya ke avalokana se jJAta hotA hai ki unhoMne Agama - sAhitya, tadAzrita prakaraNa - sAhitya, stotra--sAhitya evaM anya sAhitya, jinakA sambandha jainetara sAhitya se hai, para mukhyata: TIkAe~ likhI haiN| unakA upalabdha sampUrNa TIkA - sAhitya nimnAnusAra hai 2.1 RSimaNDala - TippaNa 2.3 duriyarasamIrastotra - vRtti 2.2 rUpakamAlA - vRtti 2.4 verathaya-vRtti 2.6 jayatihuaNa-vRtti 2.8 bhaktAmara-subodhikA vRtti 2.10 dazavaikAlika-vRtti 2.12 sandehadolAvalI - paryAya 2.14 saptasmaraNastava-vRtti 2.16 daMDaka - prakaraNa-vRtti 2.18 kumArasambhava-vRtti 2. 20 vimalastuti - vRtti 2. 22 mAgha - kAvya vRtti 2.24 aniTkArikA 2.5 kalpalatA 2.7 cattAriparamaMgANi - vyAkhyA 2.9 navatattva-vRtti 2.11 raghuvaMza-vRtti 2.13 vRttaratnAkara - vRtti 2.15 kalyANamandira - vRtti 2.17 vAgbhaTAlaMkAra - TIkA 2.19 sArasvata - vRtti 2.21 meghadUta - prathama zloka vRtti 2. 23 liMgAnuzAsana - cUrNi 2. 25 meghadUta - vRtti 2.1 RSimaNDala - TippaNa 'RSimaNDala' eka stotra hai, jisameM Adarza puruSoM kI bhAvabhInI stuti kI gaI hai| RSimaNDala - stotra ke nAma se aneka jaina vidvAnoM ne racanAe~ likhI haiM, jinameM dharmaghoSasUri, prabhacandra Adi kula 5 vidvAnoM kI racanAe~ upalabdha haiN| prastuta vRtti kI mUla prati hameM kahIM bhI prApta na hone se yaha nahIM kahA jA sakatA ki samayasundara ne kauna se RSimaNDala - stotra kI racanA kI thI / nAhaTA - bandhuoM evaM mahopAdhyAya vinayasAgara ke ullekhAnusAra prastuta vRtti kA racanAkAla vi0 saM0 1662, Azvina mAsa hai aura racanA - sthAna saMgrAmapura hai| kintu yaha vRtti kisa granthAlaya meM (ka) sItArAma - caupAI, bhUmikA, pRSTha 55 1. draSTavaya (kha) samayasundara kRti kusumAMjali, mahopAdhyAya samayasundara, pRSTha 55

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samayasundara kI racanAe~ 123 upalabdha hai, isakI sUcanA kisI bhI vidvAn ne nahIM dI hai / yadyapi hamane isa vRtti ko aneka jaina jJAna-bhaNDAroM meM khojavAI, lekina upalabdha nahIM ho skii| ata: isa vRtti ke sambandha meM koI vizeSa tathya prastuta nahIM kiye jA skte| mahopAdhyAya samayasundara ke vidvAn ziSya harSanandana kI RSimaNDala TIkA ke bAre meM to jAnakArI prApta hotI hai, jo 42000 zloka-parimANa hai / 2.2 rUpaka - mAlA- -vRtti rUpakamAlA nAmaka kRti tIna prakAra kI milatI haiM - 1. upAdhyAya puNyanandana kRta, 2. pArzvacandrasUri kRta aura 3. ajJAta lekhaka kRta / mahopAdhyAya samayasundara ne upAdhyAya puNyanandana kRta rUpakamAlA para vRtti likhI hai| rUpakamAlA kA sambandha bhASAzAstra evaM bhASAvijJAna se hai / samayasundara ne prastuta vRtti meM rUpakamAlA grantha ke gUr3ha zabdoM kI sUkSma vyAkhyA kI hai aura aneka mahattvapUrNa bAtoM ko spaSTa rUpa se prakaTa kiyA hai / vRtti kI bhASA atyanta spaSTa evaM sarala hai aura zailI subodha hai| rUpakamAlA para yahI eka vRtti hai / bhASAzAstrioM ke lie yaha vRtti bahu-upayogI hai / prastuta vRtti kA parimANa vRttikAra ne nahIM diyA hai| isakI racanA vi0 saM0 1663, kArtika zuklA 10 ko huI thI, jaisA ki vRtti ke anta meM nirdiSTa hai - saMvati guNarasadarzanasomapramite ca vikramadraGge / kArtika zukla - dazamyAM vinirmitA sva- para ziSyakRte // 2 isa vRtti kI pANDulipi abhaya jaina granthAlaya, bIkAnera meM upalabdha hai / vRtti IT prakAzana nahIM huA hai / 2.3 duriyarasamIrastotra - vRtti 'duriyarasamIrastotra - vRtti' kI racanA vi0 saM0 1684 meM lUNakarNasara nAmaka nagara meM huI thI / prastuta kRti meM kI gaI vyAkhyA se spaSTa hotA hai ki duriyara - samIrastotra eka stutiparaka racanA hai| isake kartA haiM, jinavallabhasUri / isa stotra meM bhagavAn mahAvIra kI jIvanI ke katipaya aMzoM kA ullekha karate hue unake Adarza guNoM kI hRdayahArI stuti gaI hai| mUla kRti mAtra 44 gAthAoM meM nibaddha hai, jo ki prAkRta bhASA meM hai / samayasundara ne isa vRtti ko ziSyoM ke paThanArtha ati sarala, kintu prAMjala bhASA gumphita kiyA hai| zailI khaNDAnvya hai / viSaya kA vistRta vivecana hone se 'vRtti' mUla kRti se kaI gunI vRhat bana gaI hai| prastuta vRtti jinadattasUri jJAnabhaNDAra, sUrata se prakAzita hai| 1. draSTavya - jinaratnakoza, pRSTha 60 2. rUpakamAlAvRtti, prazasti (4)

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124 mahopAdhyAya samayasundara : vyaktitva evaM kRtitva 2.4 verathaya-vRtti prastuta kRti kA nAma nAhaTA-bandhuoM ne verathayavRtti-vivecana' batAyA hai aura mahopAdhyAya vinayasAgara ne 'veTthapada vivecnaa'| vastutaH donoM eka hI nAma haiN| prathama nAma prAkRta meM hai aura dvitIya saMskRta meN| isa vRtti kI pANDulipi hameM prApta nahIM huii| nAhaTA-bandhuoM ne yaha to sUcita kiyA hai ki isa vRtti kI samayasundara dvArA svahasta-likhita prati prApta hotI hai, jo do patroM meM hai; parantu yaha prati kisa jJAna-bhaNDAra meM hai, isakA ullekha unhoMne nahIM kiyA hai| mahopAdhyAya vinayasAgara ke saMketAnusAra isa kRti kI prati abhaya jaina granthAlaya, bIkAnera meM hai3, kintu khoja karavAne para prati granthAlaya meM nahIM pAyI gii| prastuta vRtti kI racanA vikrama nagara meM saMvat 1684 meM huI thI, jaisA ki vRtti ke anta meM likhA hai - saM0 1684 varSe akSayatRtIyAM zrIvikramanagare shriismysundropaadhyaayairvylekhi|| 2.5 kalpalatA _ 'kalpalatA' zrutakevalI bhadrabAhu dvArA praNIta 'kalpasUtra' grantha para likhI gaI eka bRhad TIkA hai| yadyapi kalpasUtra' eka svatantra grantha mAnA jAtA hai, lekina vAstavikatA yaha hai ki yaha dazAzrutaskandha nAmaka chedasUtra kA 'pajjosavaNAkappa' (paryuSaNA kalpa) nAma kA AThavA~ adhyayana mAtra hai| paryuSaNa-parva meM isakA prativarSa vAMcana hone se yaha grantha jaina dharma ke Agamika granthoM meM sarvAdhika prasiddha grantha ho gayA hai aura pracAra-prasAra kI dRSTi se isakI mahattA Aja bhI sarvopari hai| isa 'kalpasUtra' kI samaya-samaya para likhita aneka TIkAe~, bAlAvabodha vyAkhyAe~, avacUriyA~, antarvAcya yA stavaka saMjJaka aura anuvAda Adi prApta hote haiN| inameM se lagabhaga 90 TIkAdi granthoM kA nAmollekha mahopAdhyAya vinayasAgara ne kiyA hai,6 jinameM jinaprabhasUri kRt 'saMdehaviSauSadhi', dharmasAgara kRt 'kalpakiraNAvalI', vinayavijaya kRt 'kalpasubodhikA', lakSmIvallabha kRt 'kalpadrumakalikA-TIkA', samayasundara kut 'kalpalatA', zrutasAgara kRt 'kaumudI' Adi ullekhanIya haiM / kavi ne kalpalatA' TIkA kI racanA karane ke uddezya kA ullekha karate hue likhA hai - 1. sItArAma-caupAI, bhUmikA, pRSTha 55 / 2. samayasundara kRti kusumAMjali, mahopAdhyAya samayasundara, pRSTha 51 3. sItArAma-caupAI, bhUmikA, pRSTha 55 4. uddhRta - samayasundara kRti kusumAMjali, mahopAdhyAya samayasundara, pRSTha 51 5. draSTavya - kalpasUtra prAstAvika, muni puNyavijaya, pRSTha 8-9 6. draSTavya - kappasuttaM, bhUmikA

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125 samayasundara kI racanAe~ vakSyehaM kalpasUtrasya, vyAkhyAni nava sphuttm| sugamAni subodhAni, naanaagrnthaanusaartH| na sUtra nAvacUrizca, na vRttirnAnyapatrakam / grAhyaM vyAkhyAnavelAyAM, pustakesmina puraH (kara) sthite // arthAt maiM 'kalpasUtra' ke nava vyAkhyAnoM kA aneka granthoM kA anusaraNa karate hue spaSTa, sugama aura subodha rUpa meM vivecana karatA hU~; jisase yadi vyAkhyAna ke samaya yaha pustaka hAtha meM ho, to na to sUtra kI, avacUri kI, na vRtti kI yA na hI anya kisI patra-pannoM kI jarUrata par3atI hai| Age kavi kahatA hai - sabhAsamakSaM vyAkhyAnaM, kalpasUtrasya dusskrm| keSAMcidalpabuddhInAM, bahUpAyapralokanAt // kRtvA tadanukampAM tAM, mayA kalpalatA kRtaa| sugamA tata etasyAM, ekasyAmeva kathyatAm // 2 arthAt kitane hI alpabuddhivAloM ko aneka upAya karane ke pazcAt bhI sabhAsamakSa 'kalpasUtra' vyAkhyAna karanA duSkara hai, isalie una para anukampA karake yaha 'sugama' 'kalpalatA' maiMne racI hai| DA0 mohanalAla dalIcanda desAI ne apane nibandha meM ullekha kiyA hai ki DA0 jekaoNbI ke kathanAnusAra yaha jinaprabha muni racita 'saMdehaviSauSadhi' nAma kI TIkA kA mAtra saMkSipta sAra hai; parantu kavi ne svayaM isa prakAra kA ullekha kahIM bhI nahIM kiyA hai| ataH yaha kahanA yuktisaMgata nahIM hai| aba isa vRtti ke racanA-kAla ke sambandha meM prazracihna hotA hai| yadyapi mahopAdhyAya vinayasAgara ke anusAra isakI racanA vi0 saM0 1669 meM sampanna huI, DA0 mohanalAla mehatA ne bhI isI saMvat kA ullekha kiyA hai, lekina 'kalpalatA' meM spaSTa rUpa se kahIM bhI racanA-kAla vyakta nahIM huA hai| kavi ne TIkA ke anta meM prazasti meM likhA hai ki maiMne zrI jinarAjasUri ke rAjya meM aura jinasAgarasUri ke yauvanarAjya meM unakI kRpA se yaha TIkA sampUrNa kI hai - 1. kalpalatA, granthArambha (2-3) 2. kalpalatA, prazasti (15-16) . 3. jainasAhitya-saMzodhaka, aGka 3, khaNDa 2, pRSTha 22 4. kappasuttaM, bhUmikA 5. jaina sAhitya kA itihAsa, bhAga 3, pRSTha 55

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126 mahopAdhyAya samayasundara : vyaktitva evaM kRtitva rAjante jinarAjasUri guruvaste sAmprataM bhuutle| yuvarAjajinasAgarasUrivare vijayini prakRti saumye| tadguruNAM prasAdena mayA kalpalatA kRtaa| jinarAjasUri ko gacchanAyaka-pada vi0 saM01674 meM pradAna kiyA gayA thA aura jinasAgarasUri vi0 saM0 1674 se vi0 saM0 1684 taka yuvarAja ke rUpa meM jinarAjasUri ke AjJAdhIna rahe / ataH yaha TIkA vi0 saM0 1674 se 1684 ke bIca hI racI gii| isake atirikta eka anya aura saMketa prApta hotA hai, jo hameM 'kalpalatA' TIkA ke racanA-kAla ko spaSTa karane meM bahuta sahAyaka hotA hai| vaha hai - lUNakarNasare grAme, prArabdhA krtumaadraat| varSamadhye kRtA pUrNA, mayA caisA riNIpure // 2 arthAt lUNakarNasara grAma meM prArambha kI aura eka varSa meM riNInagara meM pUrNa kii| 'dariyarasamIravatti' aura 'santoSa-chattIsI' se jJAta hotA hai ki kavi vi0 saM0 1684 meM riNInagara the aura 'yati-ArAdhanA' se vidita hotA hai ki kavi vi0 saM0 1685 meM riNInagara meM vidyamAna the| ata: yaha siddha ho jAtA hai ki kavi ne 'kalpalatA' kA praNayana vi0 saM0 1684 se 85 meM madhyavartIkAla meM hI kiyA thaa| mohanalAla dalIcanda desAI ne bhI uparyukta mata se hI kucha sambandhita vicAra likhe haiN| isa grantha kA nAmakaraNa 'kalpalatA' isalie kiyA gayA hai, kyoMki isase jo bhI icchAe~ rakhate hoM, vaha saba isa 'kalpalatA' meM upalabdha ho jaaeNgii| yaha sUtra prAkRtagadya meM Abaddha hai| kavi ne usakI TIkA saMskRta meM kI hai| mUla grantha meM sUtroM kI aGkasaMkhyA 291 hai aura anuSTupa zloka-parimANa se padya-saMkhyA 1215 athavA 1216 hai| prastuta vRtti kA granthamAna 7700 zloka pramANa hai| isa sUtra meM tIna vAcanAe~ arthAt adhikAra haiM- 1. jinacaritra, 2. sthavirAvalI tathA 3. saadhu-smaacaarii| ___ 'jinacaritra' meM pazcAnupUrvI se bhagavAn mahAvIra, pArzvanAtha, ariSTanemi (neminAtha), 20 tIrthaGkaroM kA antarakAla aura RSabhadeva prabhu ke jIvanavRtta kA varNana huA hai| vizeSa rUpa se inameM cAra arhatoM ke cyavana, janma, dIkSA, kevala jJAna aura nirvANa rUpa pAMca kalyANakoM, unake sAdhu-sAdhvI parivAra kA evaM antakRbhUmi kA Alekhana kiyA gayA hai| bhagavAn mahAvIra para vyApaka rUpa se vivecana huA hai| mahAvIrasvAmI ke caritra meM garbhApahAra, caudaha svapna, aTTaNazAlA, svapnaphala, janmotsava, dIkSotsava, cAturmAsa tathA nirvANa kA vivecana huA hai| anya tIrthaGkaroM kA jIvana-vRtta saMkSepa meM diyA gayA hai| 1. kalpalatA, prazasti, 19-21, pRSTha 282 2. kalpalatA, prazasti (17) pRSTha 282 3. draSTavya - kalpalatA, bhUmikA pRSTha 14-15

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samayasundara kI racanAe~ 127 ___ 'sthavirAvalI' meM mahAvIra kI paTTa-paramparA meM unake gaNadharoM se lekara zrI devardhigaNi paryanta jo-jo prabhAvazAlI AcArya hue haiM, unakA gotrAdi sahita nAma nirdeza karake unakA smaraNa kiyA gayA hai| isake alAvA pramukha-pramukha paTTadharoM ke ziSyoM, unase niHsRta kula, gaNa tathA zAkhAoM Adi kA ullekha bhI kiyA gayA hai| ___ 'sAdhu-samAcArI' meM varSAvAsa meM sthita zramaNa-sAdhuoM aura zramaNI-sAdhviyoM ke AcAra-niyamoM kA utsarga aura apavAda-sahita vRttikAra ne 28 samAcAriyoM ke rUpa meM varNana kiyA hai| vRttikAra ne uparyukta tIna adhikAroM ko nau vyAkhyAnoM meM vibhakta kiyA hai1. paMcaparameSTi-namaskAra, 2. mahAvIrasvAmI ke cyavana aura garbhApahAra-kalyANaka, 3. mahAvIrasvAmI kI mAtA ke caudaha svapna, 4. mahAvIra svAmI kA janma-kalyANaka, 5. mahAvIrasvAmI ke dIkSA, kevala jJAna aura nirvANa-kalyANaka 6. pArzvanAtha evaM neminAtha ke pA~ca kalyANaka, 7. antarakAla aura RSabhadeva ke pAMca kalyANaka,8. sthavirAvalI aura 9. paryuSaNa meM saadhu-smaacaarii| isa sUtra kI 12vIM zatAbdI se 20vIM zatAbdI ke madhya kI hajAroM hastalikhita pratiyA~ Aja bhI deza ke aneka zAstra-bhaNDAroM meM milatI haiN| isIlie mahopAdhyAya vinayasAgara kA mata hai ki isa sUtra para jitanA sAhitya likhA gayA hai, utanA vipula sAhitya kisI bhI Agama-grantha para prApta nahIM hotA hai| samayasundara kRta 'kalpalatA' vRtti atyadhika vistRta hai / phalasvarUpa mUla grantha rUpI maMdira kA TIkA rUpI kalaza adhika bar3A bana gayA hai| isakA prakAzana zrI jinadattasUri prAcIna pustakoddhAra-phaNDa, sUrata se huA hai| 2.6 jayatihuaNa-vRtti prastuta kRti jayatihuaNa-stotra para likhita eka vRhat vRtti hai| jayatihuaNastotra ke racanAkAra navAMgIvRttikAra abhayadevasUri haiN| mUla racanA meM mAtra 30 padya haiM, kintu vRtti atyanta vistRta hai| isa vRtti kI racanA aNahilapattana (pATaNa) meM vi0 saM0 1687 meM huI thii| vRttikAra ne apane ziSya muni sahajavimala evaM paNDita meghavijaya ke paThanArtha isa vRtti kA nirmANa kiyA thA - aNahilapattananagare , saMvati munya'STa zRMgAre / munishjviml-pnnddit-meghvijy-shissyptthnaarthm||2 1. kappasuttaM, bhUmikA, pRSTha 7 2. jayatihuaNa-vRtti, prazasti (1-2)

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128 mahopAdhyAya samayasundara : vyaktitva evaM kRtitva yadyapi mahopAdhyAya vinayasAgara ne isa vRtti kA racanA kAla saM0 1685 ullikhita kiyA hai, kintu vRttikAra dvArA prayukta 'muni' zabda 7 kI saMkhyA kA vAcaka hai, na ki 6 kaa| ataH isakA racanA-kAla vi0 saM0 1687 hai| prastuta vRtti meM samayasundara ne prArambha meM Adya-maMgala karate hue stotra-racanAkAra kA kucha paricaya evaM stotra-racanA kA prayojana batAyA hai, phira stotra kI vistRta vyAkhyA kI hai| vRtti ke anta meM prazasti bhI kI gaI hai| vRttikAra isa stotra kI racanA kA uddezya batAte hue kahate haiM ki eka bAra abhayadevasUri vyAdhigrasta evaM jarjarita ho gye| anazana karane kA vicAra karane para zAsanadevI ne kahA ki ser3hanadI ke pArzvavartI khokharA palAza ke nIce bhagavAn pArzvanAtha kI pratimA hai| ApakI stavanA se vaha jinapratimA prakaTa hogii| usa pratimA ke snAtrajala se ApakI sampUrNa vyAdhi naSTa ho jaaegii| zAsanadevI ke saMketita sthAna para ve gaye aura unhoMne prastuta stotra racakara pArzvaprabhu kI stuti kii| phalataH pratimA kA vaibhava khaNDaharoM se prakaTa ho gyaa| yaha sthAna Aja bhI 'stambhanapuratIrtha' ke nAma se prasiddha hai aura yaha stotra kharataragacchAnuyAyI pratidina pratikramaNa meM bolate haiN| samayasundara ke anusAra yaha stotra mahAprabhAvika evaM mahAcamatkArika hai| prastuta vRtti jinadattasUrijJAnabhaNDAra, sUrata se prakAzita hai| 2.7 cattAri paramaMgANi-vyAkhyA prastuta kRti kI pANDulipi nAhaTA-bandhuoM ke saMketAnusAra abhaya jaina granthAlaya, bIkAnera meM upalabdha hai, kintu gaveSaNA karane para pANDulipi granthAlaya meM upalabdha nahIM pAI gii| lImar3I ke jJAna bhaMDAra meM 'catvAri paramaMgAnigAthA vyAkhyAna' nAmaka grantha kI pANDulipi upalabdha hai, kintu granthakAra kA nAma Adi usameM anirdiSTa hai| sambhava hai ki vaha pANDulipi prastuta kRti kI ho| 'cattAri paramaMgANi' kA saMskRta rUpa 'catvAri paramaMgAni' hotA hai; parantu anya pANDulipi ke prApta hue binA na to isa bAta kI puSTi kI jA sakatI hai aura na hI anya koI ullekhanIya jAnakArI dI jA sakatI hai| mahopAdhyAya vinayasAgara ke ullekhAnusAra prastuta vyAkhyA-grantha kA nirmANa saMvat 1687, phAlguna zukla 8 ko zrIpattana (pATaNa) meM pUrNa huA thaa| unhoMne 'cattAri paramaMgANi-vyAkhyA' grantha se eka padya bhI uddhRta kiyA hai, jisameM kRti kA racanA-kAla Adi ullikhita hai - 1. samayasundara kRti kusumAMjali, mahopAdhyAya samayasundara, pRSTha 55 2. sItArAma-caupAI, bhUmikA, pRSTha 55

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129 samayasundara kI racanAe~ 'navIna ziSyasya pUrvaM akRta vyAkhyAnasya hitkRte| saMvat 1687 phA0 zu0 8 dine zrIpattane / 2.8 bhaktAmara-subodhikA-vRtti 'bhaktAmara-stotra' bahuta hI prabhAvaka stotra mAnA jAtA hai| yaha stotra vastutaH mAnatuMgAcArya kRta prathama tIrthaGkara RSabha kI stuti hai| zvetAmbara evaM digambara - donoM AmnAya ke anuyAyiyoM dvArA isa stotra kA nitya pATha karanA, isake camatkArika mAhAtmya kA pramANa hai| prastuta stotra kI racanA ke samaya mUla meM 48 padya the, parantu bhaktoM ke dvArA jaba isakA durupayoga hone laga gayA, to unameM se una 4 padyoM ko pracalana se haTA diyA gayA, jisake kAraNa devatAoM ko prakaTa honA par3atA thaa| tadartha mahopAdhyAya samayasundara ne 44 padyoM kI hI subodhagamya vRtti likhI hai| bhaktAmara stotra para samayasundara ke alAvA aneka vidvAnoM ne vRtti-TIkA Adi likhI hai, jinameM guNasundara (saM0 1426), kanakakuzala (saM0 1652), amaraprabha, zAMtisUri, gaNimeghavijaya, brahmarAyamalla (saM0 1667), ratnacandra, merusundara, gaNiindraratna, padmavijaya, devasundara, upAdhyAya zAMticandra, candrakIrttisUri, kIrtigaNi, guNAkarasUri, gaNiharitilaka, kSemadeva, zubhavardhana, lakSmIkIrti Adi dvArA racita vRttiyA~ prApta hotI haiN| ___ 'bhaktAmara-subodhikA-vRtti' kI racanA vi0 saM0 1687 meM pattana-nagara meM huI thii| vRttikAra ne likhA hai - pattane nagare saptavasu zrRMgArasaMvati / __ vRtti ke prArambha meM bhaktAmarastotra ke praNayana kA prayojana batAyA gayA hai| vRttikAra likhate haiM ki ujjayanI nagarI meM vRddha bhojarAja kI sabhA meM caudaha vidyApravINa, SaTzAstra-jJAtA, deva-sAnnidhyasampanna evaM garviSTha aneka paNDita rahate the| eka dina mayUra nAmaka paNDita ne apanI putrI tathA paNDita dAmAda bANa ko paraspara jhagar3ate hue dekhakara unakI ha~sI udd'aaii| putrI ne krodhavaza mayUra ko kuSThI hone kA zrApa de diyaa| mayUra ne sau zlokoM meM sUrya kI upAsanA kara unase apanA roga dUra karavA liyaa|at: mayUra vizruta huaa| bANa ne IrSyAvaza apane hAtha-paira kATakara caNDI devI ko prasanna kiyaa| caNDI ne usake naye hAtha-paira kara diye| isase usakI bhI prasiddhi huii| eka dina vRddha bhojarAja ne zrAvakoM se pUchA ki kyA Apake jainiyoM meM koI mayUra/bANa jaise vidyAsampanna haiN| unhoMne kahA - AcArya mAnatuGgasUri Apake vacanAnukUla haiN| rAjA ke nimantraNa para mAnatuGgasUri rAjya-sabhA meM ge| rAjA ne inakI vaktRtva-vidyA 1. uddhRta - samayasundara kRti kusumAMjali, mahopAdhyAya samayasundara, pRSTha 54 2. draSTavya - jinaratnakoza, pRSTha 288-89

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130 mahopAdhyAya samayasundara : vyaktitva evaM kRtitva dekhane ke lie apane paNDitoM se zAstrArtha karane ko kahA / mAnatuGgAcArya ne unake sAtha jagata-kartRtva sambandhI vAda calAkara vijaya prApta kii| rAjA ne unase mayUra Adi jaisI divya vidyA dikhAne ko khaa| rAjA ne AcAryazrI ko tAleyukta 48 ber3iyA~ pahanAIM aura sAta tAleyukta kamare meM unheM banda kara diyaa| tatpazcAt unhoMne prastuta stotra kI racanA karanI prArambha kii| ekaeka padya kI racanA ke sAtha eka-eka ber3I TUTatI gaI / anta meM dvAra ke tAle bhI svataH khula ge| pratyakSa camatkAra dekhakara rAjA ne unakA atyadhika abhinandana kiyaa| Aja yaha stotra jainiyoM ke nitya karma kI eka kar3I hai| prastuta kRti isa stotra kI saMkSipta kintu spaSTArtha vRtti hai / isameM vRttikAra ne padArtha kA samAsa - vigraha karate hue use sarala bhASA meM spaSTa kiyA hai, jisase saMskRta kA sAmAnya jJAna rakhane vAle pAThakoM ke liye bhI yaha stotra subodha ho gayA hai| kahIM-kahIM vRttikAra ne kucha vilakSaNatA bhI prakaTa kI hai| udAharaNArtha prathama padya kI vRtti meM padArtha meM nihita cAra atizayoM 1. pUjAtizaya, 2. apAya - apagamAtizaya, 3. jJAnAtizaya aura 4. vacanAtizaya- ko vRttikAra ne spaSTa kara diyA hai, jisase padya meM atizayoM kA nAma-nirdeza na hone para bhI adhyetA ko stotrakAra dvArA saMketita atizayoM kA bodha ho jAtA hai / 1 prastuta vRtti meM yatra-tatra zabdoM ke aneka artha bhI diye gaye haiM / jaise - gyArahaveM padya meM Ae 'zAnta-rAgarucibhiH' zabda ke do artha vRttikAra ne prastuta kiye haiM 1. jinakI rAga meM koI ruci na raha gaI ho yA jinakI rAga meM ruci samApta ho gaI ho, 2. 'zAnta' nAmaka navam rasa kI bhAvanA meM jinakI ruci ho isa taraha spaSTa hai ki yaha vRtti kevala stotra ke zabdArtha ko samajhane ke lie hI nahIM, apitu isameM nihita gUr3ha AzayoM ko spaSTa karane ke lie bhI atyanta upayogI hai| 'bhaktAmara - subodhikA - vRtti' kI hastalikhita pratilipi zrI abhaya jaina granthAlaya, bIkAnera evaM zrI jinahari - vihAra, pAlItANA (gujarAta) se prApta huI hai| bIkAnera vAlI prati suvAcya nahIM hai, jabaki pAlItANA kI prati Adyanta supAThya evaM surakSita hai - vRtti - 2. 9 navatattva yaha zabdArtha-vRtti rUpa kRti hai / vRtti meM prApta ullekhoM se vidita hotA hai ki mUla grantha AgamoM ke AdhAra para racita hai| isameM mukhyata: tAttvika carcA hai / tattva- sambaddha sAmagrI, jo AgamoM meM idhara-udhara bikharI huI hai, kA isa kRti meM susaMkalita aura suvyavasthita rUpa upalabdha hai / AgamoM meM Ane vAle gahana tAttvika viSayoM meM praveza karane ke liye yaha kRti pravezadvAra ke samAna hai| samayasundara ne apanI vRtti meM mUla kRti ke zabdoM kA hI artha spaSTa kiyA hai| samayasundara ke atirikta anya vidvAnoM ne bhI navatattva - prakaraNa para vyAkhyA grantha likhe haiM,

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samayasundara kI racanAe~ 131 jinameM kulamaNDana, sAdhuratna, mANikyazekhara, paramAnandasUri, ratnacandra, somasundarasUri harSavardhana, gaNi mAnavijaya, ratnapAla Adi ke vyAkhyA-grantha upalabdha haiN| prastuta vRtti zabdArtha-pradhAna hote hue bhI atyanta spaSTa evaM mUla kRti ke rahasya kI udghATikA hai| isa kRti meM mukhyataH jIva, ajIva, puNya, pApa, Azrava, saMvara, nirjarA, bandha aura mokSa - ina nava tattvoM kA sAragarbhita svarUpa batAyA gayA hai| vRttikAra ne likhA hai ki unhoMne yaha ahamadAbAda kI hAjApaTela pola meM vi. saM. 1688 ke kArtika mAsa meM nibaddha kI thii| unhIM ke zabdoM meM - saMvatvasugajarasazazimite ca durbhikSa kaartik-maase| ahamadAbAde nagare paTela hAjAbhidha prolyAM // prastuta vRtti kI pANDulipi abhaya jaina granthAlaya, bIkAnera se upalabdha huI hai| 2.10 dazavaikAlika-vRtti ___ 'dazavaikAlika-sUtra' eka jaina Agama-grantha hai|aagmik granthoM meM dazavaikAlika' sarvAdhika pracalita aura sarvAdhika vyavahata grantha hai| nizIthacUrNi, uttarAdhyayana bRhad vRtti Adi granthoM ke kartA/vyAkhyAkAroM ne aneka sthAnoM para apane-apane mata kI puSTi ke lie isa grantha ko uddhRta kiyA hai| tattvArtha rAjavArttika, dhavalA, jayadhavalA Adi granthoM meM bhI isakA ullekha aura vivaraNa upalabdha hotA hai| ____ kavi samayasundara ne 'dazavaikAlika-vRtti' ke anta meM upasaMhAra ke rUpa meM isa grantha kA paricaya dete hue likhA hai ki isa mahattvapUrNa grantha ke kartA AcArya zayyaMbhava haiN| ve zrutakevalI the| unhoMne apane manaka nAma ke putra-ziSya ke lie isa grantha kA praNayana kiyA thA, jo 'campA' nagara meM vIra saMvat 72 ke lagabhaga huA thaa| kavi ne grantha-nirmANa ke prayojana kI kathA bhI likhI hai| yaha grantha vikAla meM racA gayA, isalie isakA nAma dazavaikAlika rakhA gyaa| zrutakevalI zayyaMbhava ne vibhinna pUrvo se isakA niryuhaNa kiyA - aisI mAnyatA hai| kavi ne bhI isI bAta ko grantha ke anta meM puSTa kiyA hai| pUrvAcAryoM ne isa sUtra para niyukti, bhASya, TIkA, dIpikA, vRtti, cUrNi avacUri Adi aneka vyAkhyA-grantha likhe haiN| hari dAmodara velanakara ne 'dazavaikAlika sUtra' para likhe gaye vyAkhyA-granthoM meM se prApta 22 granthoM kI sUcI dI hai| mahopAdhyAya samayasundara kA prastuta Alocya grantha bhI vyAkhyA-grantha hai, jisameM unhoMne racanA kA prayojana, nAmakaraNa, adhyayanoM ke nAma, unake viSaya, grantha kI prAmANikatA, upAdeyatA, mukhya rUpa se sUtra ke zabdArtha ityAdi kA bahuta hI manorama varNana-vivecana kiyA hai| 1. draSTavya - jainasAhitya kA bRhat itihAsa, bhAga 4, pRSTha 182 2. draSTavya - dazavaikAlika-niyukti, gAthA 16-17 3. draSTavya - jinaratnakoza, pRSTha 169-71

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132 mahopAdhyAya samayasundara : vyaktitva evaM kRtitva mUla grantha prAkRta-bhASA meM hai aura padya-bahula hai, kahIM-kahIM gadya bhI hai| kavi ne usakI vyAkhyA saMskRta gadya meM kI hai| vRtti mukhyataH zabdArtha-pradhAna hai| vRttikAra ne isa vRtti kA nAma 'dazavaikAlika-dIpikA' bhI rakhA hai| isakI bhASA sarala evaM zailI subodha hai| prArambha meM vRttikAra ne stambhanAdhIza (pArzvanAtha) ko namaskAra kiyA hai tathA dazavaikAlika sUtra kA zabdArtha likhane kA saMkalpa kiyA hai stambhanAdhIzamAnanya, gaNiH smysundrH| dazavaikAlike sUtre zabdArtha likhati sphuttm|| 'dazavaikAlika sUtra' meM dasa adhyayana haiN| kavi ne apanI vRtti' meM adhyayanoM ke nAma, zloka-saMkhyA, varNya-viSaya, usakI vyAkhyA Adi isa prakAra diye haiM - prathama adhyayana kA nAma 'dumapuphphiyA-drumapuSpikA' hai| isameM mAtra 5 zloka haiN| kavi ne isa adhyayana kI vyAkhyA karate hue kahA hai ki isameM dharma kI prazaMsA evaM madhukarI-vRtti kA varNana kiyA gayA hai| vRttikAra ne apanI vRtti meM isI kI vyAkhyA kI dvitIya adhyayana sAmaNNapuvvayaM - zrAmaNyapUrvaka' saMjJaka hai| isameM kula 11 zloka haiN| isa adhyayana meM jisa bAta ke binA zrAmaNya yA zramaNatva nahIM hotA, usakI carcA hone se isakA nAma 'sAmaNapuvvayaM' rakhA gayA hai| saMkSepa meM isameM saMyama meM dhRti kA upadeza hai| samayasundara ne apanI TIkA meM inhIM bAtoM ko spaSTa kiyA hai| antima gAthAoM kI vyAkhyA karate hue kavi ne muni rathanemi aura mahAsatI rAjimatI ke kathA-prasaMga kA bhI ullekha kiyA hai evaM muni ke vikAra ko naSTa karane ke lie pradatta upadeza kA rucira vivecana kiyA hai| tRtIya adhyayana 'khuDDiyAyAra-kahA - kSullakAcAra-kathA' ke nAma se nirdiSTa hai| yaha adhyayana 15 zlokoM meM Abaddha hai| isameM AcAra aura anAcAra meM viveka kA nirUpaNa kiyA gayA hai| samayasundara kRta isa adhyayana kI vyAkhyA kA yahI sAra hai| caturtha adhyayana 22 gadya sUtroM aura 28 zlokoM meM praNIta hai, jise 'chajjIvaNiyASaDjIvanikA' nAma diyA gayA hai| isameM jIva-ajIva ke svarUpa kA nirdeza, caritra-dharma kA nirUpaNa tathA hiMsA ke vividha rUpoM se bacane kA upadeza diyA gayA hai| samayasundara ne apanI vRtti meM uparyukta sabhI bAtoM kA vistAra pUrvaka vivecana kiyA hai| paMcama adhyayana kA zIrSaka 'piNDesaNA - piNDaiSaNA' hai| yaha do uddezakoM meM vibhakta hai| kavi kA kathana hai ki pahale uddezaka meM eSaNA-gaveSaNA, grahaNeSaNA aura bhogeSaNA kI zuddhi kA nirdeza hai; arthAt AhAra Adi kI gaveSaNA kI vidhi, bhaktapAna lene kI vidhi, bhojana karane kI ApavAdika vidhi, bhojana karane kI sAmAnya vidhi ityAdi kA varNana hai| vRttikAra ne isa tathya kA vRtti meM vizleSaNa kiyA hai| yaha uddezaka

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samayasundara kI racanAe~ 133 100 zlokoM meM nirmita hai| dUsare meM bhI vRttikAra ne muni ko nirdoSa bhikSA grahaNa karane ke vidhAna kI vyAkhyA kI hai| isameM zlokoM kI saMkhyA 50 hai| SaSTha adhyayana 'mahAcArakahA-mahAcArakathA' nAmaka hai| isameM AcAra ke ahiMsA, satya, acaurya, brahmacarya, parigraha, rAtribhojana kA tyAga, pRthvIkAya, apkAya, tejaskAya, vAyukAya, vanaspatikAya aura trasakAya kI yatanA, akalpya, gRhibhAjana, paryaMka niSadyA, snAna, vibhUSAvarjana - ina aThAraha sthAnoM kA samayasundara ne vizleSaNa kiyA hai| yaha adhyayana 68 zlokoM meM racita hai| saptama adhyayana kA nAma 'vakkasuddhi - vAkyazuddhi' hai| prastuta adhyayana meM asatya aura satyAsatya bhASA ke prayoga kA niSedha kiyA gayA hai| kavi ne isa adhyayana kI sundara vyAkhyA kI hai| isa adhyayana meM 57 zloka haiN| aSTama adhyayana 'AyArapaNihI - AcArapraNidhi' kA hai| AcArapraNidhi' kA abhiprAya AcAra ke praNidhAna se hai| zramaNa ko indriya tathA mana kA aprazasta-prayoga nahIM karanA cAhiye, prazasta prayoga karanA cAhiye - yaha zikSaNa hI isa adhyayana kI AtmA hai| isalie isakA nAma 'AcAra-praNidhi' rakhA gayA hai| vRttikAra ne bhI prastuta adhyayana kI vRtti kI bhUtikA meM 'sAdhu ko AcAra-pAlana ke lie prayatna karanA cAhiye' - yahI isakA merudaNDa digdarzita kiyA hai| kavi ne isa adhyayana ke 63 zlokoM kI sundara vyAkhyA karane kA prayAsa kiyA hai| navama adhyayana ko 'viNayasamAhi - vinayasamAdhi' zIrSaka diyA gayA hai| isameM cAra uddezaka haiM, jisake zlokoM kI saMkhyA kramazaH 17+23+15+7 = 62 hai| prathama uddezaka meM vinaya se hone vAlA mAnasika svAsthya, dvitIya uddezaka meM avinItasuvinIta kI ApadA-sampadA, tRtIya uddezaka meM pUjya kauna, pUjya ke lakSaNa aura usakI arhatA kA upadeza aura caturtha uddezaka meM vinaya-samAdhi ke sthAnoM kA varNana hai - isa adhyayana para kI gaI vRtti kA yahI sArAMza hai| dazam adhyayana kA nAma 'sa-bhikkhu' arthAt 'sabhikSu yA sad bhikSu' diyA gayA hai| sadbhikSu kA bhI prAkRta rUpa sabhikkhu banatA hai| vaise kavi ne bhI sabhikkhu ko sabhikSu ke rUpa meM hI svIkRta kiyA gayA hai, lekina use sadbhikSu yA samyagbhikSu ke rUpa meM bhI mAnA hai| yaha vivecya sUtra kA upasaMhAra aura mUlyAMkana hai| isameM bhikSu ke lakSaNa aura usakI arhatA kA upadeza samAhita hai| pUrvavartI 9 adhyayanoM meM kathita AcAra kA pAlana karane hetu jo bhikSAdi karatA hai, vahI bhikSu hai; peTa-pUrti mAtra karane vAlA bhikSu nahIM ho sakatA - yahI dasaveM adhyayana kA pratipAdya viSaya hai aura usakA pratipAdana kula 21 zlokoM meM huA hai| 1. dazavaikAlika-niyukti, 308

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134 mahopAdhyAya samayasundara : vyaktitva evaM kRtitva tatpazcAt isake anta meM do cUlikA bhI dI gaI haiN| 'raivakkA-rativAkyA' saMjJaka prathama cUlikA meM sthirIkaraNa kA upadeza 'vivittacariyA - vivikticaryA' saMjJaka dvitIya cUlikA meM viviktacaryA kA upadeza hai arthAt isameM zramaNa kI caryA, guNoM aura niyamoM kA nirUpaNa hai| 16 zlokoM meM isa cUlikA kI racanA huI hai| uparyukta vivecana se spaSTa hai ki 'dazavaikAlika-vRtti' meM AcAra-gocara kI prarUpaNA ke atirikta aneka mahattvapUrNa viSayoM kA vivecana bhI huA hai| vRtti ke anta meM vRttikAra ne haribhadra kRta TIkA ko viSama batAte hue apanI TIkA ko sugama batAyA hai| isakA granthamAna 3450 zloka pramANa hai - haribhadra kR tA TIkA vartate viSamA param / mayA tu zIghrabodhAya ziSyArthaM sugamAkRtA // candrakule zrI kharataragacche jincndrsuurinaamaanH| jAtA yugapradhAnAstacchiSyaH sklcndrgnniH|| tacchiSya samayasundaragaNinA cakre ca stambhatIrthapure / dazavaikAlika-TIkA-zazinidhi-zRMgAra-mita-varSe // zabdArthavRttiTIkAyAH zlokAmAnamidaM smRtm| saha tratrayamagre ca punaH sArdha catu: zatam // 1 kavivara samayasundara viracita 'dazavaikAlika-sUtra-vRtti' kA zrI jinayazasUri grantharatnamAlA samiti, khambhAta dvArA vi0 saM0 1975 meM prakAzana ho cukA hai| 2.11 raghuvaMza-vRtti (arthalApanikA) __raghuvaMza mahAkavi kAlidAsa racita mahAkAvyoM meM eka hai| isameM sUryavaMzI rAjAoM meM dilIpa se lekara agnivarNa paryanta rAjAoM kA varNana kiyA gayA hai, kintu mukhya rUpa meM dilIpa, aja, dazaratha aura rAma ke caritra kA hI varNana prApta hotA hai| anya rAjAoM kA atyanta saMkSipta caritra-citraNa kiyA gayA hai| isa grantha meM kavi kI kalpanA ke kucha uttama aura vilakSaNa udAharaNa milate haiN| ataeva yaha kAvya atyadhika lokapriya rahA hai| sAmAnya vyakti ko bhI isa kAvya kA rasAsvAdana ho sake, isa uddezya se mahopAdhyAya samayasundara ne kAvya para 'arthalApanikA' nAmaka eka sarala vRtti kI racanA kI hai| samayasundara ke alAvA anya jaina vidvAnoM ne bhI raghuvaMza kI vyAkhyA kI hai, jinameM cAritravardhana, dharmameru, guNavinaya (guNavijaya) zrI vijayagaNi, sumativijaya, hemasUri, ratnacandragaNi, malayasundaragaNi Adi ke nAma ullekhanIya haiN| samayasundara ne isa vRtti meM kAvya ke akSarArtha kI samAsa Adi ke vizleSaNa ke 1. dazavaikAlikavRtti, prazasti (1-3, 7) 2 draSTavya - jinaratnakoza, pRSTha 325-26

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samayasundara kI racanAe~ 135 sAtha-sAtha spaSTa karane kA prayAsa kiyA hai / vRttikAra ne vRtti meM kahIM-kahIM prAcIna vyAkhyAkAroM dvArA pradarzita arthoM se bhinna artha bhI apanI pratibhA dvArA pradAna kiye haiM / udAharaNArtha - prathama sarga ke prathama padya meM prayukta 'pArvatIparamezvaro' pada ke do navIna artha kiye haiM 1. (ka) pArvatIpa arthAt pArvatI ke rakSaka (kha) ramezvara arthAt ramA ke Izvara - viSNu 2. (ka) pArvatIpara arthAt pArvatI kA bharaNa-poSaNa karane vAlA (kha) mezvara arthAt mayA ke Izvara - nArAyaNa prastuta vRtti kI hastalikhita pANDulipi jaina bhavana, kolakAtA meM surakSita hai, parantu vaha apUrNa hai / prApta pANDulipi meM kevala 69 patra haiM / ata: sampUrNa vRtti ke pariNAma kA ullekha karanA azakya hai| mahopAdhyAya vinayasAgara ne isa vRtti kA racanA - kAla saM0 1692 aura racanA-sthala khambhAta ullikhita kiyA hai / 2.12 saMdehadolAvalI - paryAya 'sandehadolAvalI' nAma se do vidvAnoM ne grantha-racanA kI hai| inameM eka grantha hai, jinadattasUri racita aura dUsarA grantha hai, prabodhacandragaNi kRta / prastuta kRti jinadattasUri viracita 'sandehadolAvalI' kI vyAkhyA hai| prastuti vRtti ke avalokana se jJAta hotA hai ki mUla grantha 150 gAthAoM meM nibaddha hai| samyaktva-prApti, suguru evaM jainadarzana kI unnati ke lie yaha kRti utkarSa patha kA pradarzana karatI hai evaM tAtkAlika gRhasthoM ko, sadguruoM tathA pArzvasthoM (zithilAcAriyoM) ke prati kisa prakAra vyavahAra karanA cAhiye ityAdi bAtoM ko vistArapUrvaka spaSTa karatI hai / samayasundara ne isa kRti kA apara nAma 'saMzayaprada praznottara' bhI banAyA hai| unhoMne likhA hai ki bhaTiNDA kI eka zrAvikA ke samyaktvamUlaka katipaya prazna the, jisake pratyuttara meM jinadattasUri ne isa racanA kA praNayana kiyA thA / prastuta kRti kA racanA - kAla vikrama saMvat 1693 hai / 2.13 vRttaratnAkara - vRtti 'vRttaratnAkara' chanda:zAstra kA sarvamAnya tathA sarvaprasiddha grantha hai / Azukavi samayasundara ne prastuta kRti meM 'vRttaratnAkara' meM saMkalita vibhinna chandoM ke rUpa aura lakSaNoM kI savistAra vyAkhyA kI hai / ataH spaSTa hai ki kavi kA chanda: zAstrIya adhyayana vyApaka evaM pUrNa thA / 'vRtta - ratnAkara' para kI gaI vividha vyAkhyAoM, TIkAoM meM prastuta vRtti bhI apanA gauravapUrNa sthAna rakhatI hai, tathApi yaha abhI taka prakAza meM nahIM lAI jA sakI hai| upalabdha sAkSyoM se jJAta hotA hai ki samayasundara ke atirikta somacandrasUri, kSemahaMsagaNi, 1. draSTavya * samayasundara kRti kusumAMjali, pRSTha 5

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mahopAdhyAya samayasundara : vyaktitva evaM kRtitva merusundara Adi jainavidvAnoM ne bhI 'vRttaratnAkara' para vyAkhyA grantha likhe haiN| prastuta vRtti chaH adhyAyoM meM vibhakta hai| vRtti kA parimANa 1100 zlokapramANa hai| grantha kI racanA jAlora meM phasalA lUNiyA pradatta sthAna meM vi0 saM0 1694 kI dIpAvalI ko pUrNa huI thii| vRttikAra ne svayaM sUcita kiyA hai -- saMvati vidhimukhanidhi-rasa-zazi-saMGkhye dIpa parva divase c| jAlora - nAmanagare lUNe yA phasalArpitasthAne // vRtti kI 3 hastalikhita pANDulipiyA~ jainabhavana, kolakAtA meM surakSita rUpa se upalabdha haiN| 2.14 saptasmaraNastava-vRtti ___ prAcIna jainAcAryoM ne tIrthaGkara Adi mahApuruSoM kI stuti ke rUpa meM aneka stotroM kI racanA kI hai| 'saptasmaraNastava' unhIM meM se eka hai| yaha sAta prabhAvika stotroM kA saMkalana hai| prastuti kRti 'saptasmaraNastava' para samayasundara kI vistRta vyAkhyA hai| ye stotra prAkRta bhASA meM nibaddha haiN| vRttikAra ne svayaM bhI vRtti ke Arambha evaM anta meM yaha ullekha kiyA hai ki yaha vRtti maiMne grantha ke sugamabodhArtha likhI hai| unhoMne apanI vRtti meM sapta stotroM meM prayukta zabdoM kI vyutpatti, unake artha, vyAkaraNagata niyama, samAsa, AgamapramANa tathA jina padyoM ke sAtha yadi koI kathA Adi jur3I ho, to usakA bhI varNana aura vivecana kiyA hai| kavi samayasundara ne prastuta vRtti zrI jinaprabhasUri kRta TIkA ke AdhAra para likhI hai| vRtti kI prazasti meM yaha bhI nirdiSTa hai ki isa vRtti kA saMzodhana merI (samayasundara) vRddhAvasthA hone ke kAraNa mere ziSya harSanandana ne kiyA hai| yaha kRti vi0 saM0 1695 meM phasalA datta lUNiyA ke Agraha se jAlora meM racI gaI hai, jaisA ki vRtyAnta meM likhA hai - lUNiyA-phasalA-datta-vasatyAM vRttiruttmaa| zrIjAlorapure baann-nidhi-shRNgaar-sNvti|| paM0 giradhara likhita isakI pANDulipi meM 'saptasmaraNa-vRtti' kA parimANa do hajAra zloka-pramANa nirdiSTa hai| yaha grantha zrI jinadattasUri-jJAna-bhaNDAra, sUrata dvArA prakAzita ho cukA hai| 1. vRttikAra ne maMgalAcaraNa ke sAtha 'saptasmaraNa-vRtti' prArambha kI hai| unhoMne 'zrI ajitazAntinAthastava' nAmaka prathama smaraNa meM bhagavAn ajitanAtha aura zAntinAtha ke guNoM kI vyAkhyA kI hai| tIrthaGkaroM kI stuti 34 padyoM meM hai| tatpazcAt 3 padyoM meM stuti kA upasaMhAra hai, jisameM stutikartA kA nAma maharSi nandiSeNa batAyA gayA hai| smaraNa ke 1. draSTavya - jinaratnakoza, pRSTha 364

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137 samayasundara kI racanAe~ upasaMhAra ke pazcAt kI antya do gAthAe~ sambhavataH nandiSeNa muni kI racita na hokara stava kI mahimA pradarzita karane vAlI anyakRta gAthAe~ haiM, kyoMki kavi ke pUrva govindAcArya ne isa stotra kI vRtti meM una do gAthAoM kI vRtti nahIM likhI hai| vartamAna meM isa stava kI prakAzita pustakoM meM aura bhI eka atirikta gAthA prApta hotI hai, lekina prastuti vRtti meM vaha gAthA anupalabdha hai| isase anumAna lagAyA jAtA hai ki vartamAna meM vaha pracalita gAthA bhI anyakRta hai aura arvAcIna bhii| yati sUryamalla ne do aura gAthAoM kA ullekha kiyA hai, parantu ye saba gAthAe~ anyakRta tathA arvAcIna siddha hotI haiN| 2. dvitIya smaraNa zrI laghuajita-zAntismaraNa-stava' ke kartA jinavallabhasUri haiN| isa stava meM bhI dUsare tIrthaMkara ajitanAtha kI evaM solahaveM tIrthaGkara zAntinAtha kI sadbhAvasikta stuti kI gaI hai| stotra kI AlaMkArika chaTA bhI ramaNIya hai| isa stava kI vRtti karate hue vRttikAra ne yaha likhA hai ki prastuta stotra kI racanA vizeSataH saMgha ke zreya evaM pAkSikAdi paryoM meM bolane ke lie huI hai| kharataragaccha meM Aja bhI trayodazI ke dina saMdhyAkAlIna pratikramaNa ke antargata saMgha-zreyArtha isakA vAcana hotA hai| 3. 'NamiUNa' nAmaka tRtIya smaraNa kI vRtti likhate hue vRttikAra kahate haiM ki mAnatuMgAcArya ne mahAbhaya kA nAza karane ke lie prastuta stotra kI racanA kI hai| unhoMne teisaveM tIrthaGkara pArzvanAtha ko bhayanivAraka mAnA hai| mahAbhaya solaha athavA ATha mAne jAte haiN| prastuta stava meM aSTabhaya-nivAraNa-lakSaNa rUpa arham pArzvanAtha ke atizayoM kA varNana kiyA gayA hai| kartA ne prathama aSTa bhayanivAraka atizayoM kA nirdeza karake 'rogajalajalaNa' Adi gAthAoM dvArA apanA uddezya batAyA hai| yaha stava 21 padyoM meM nibaddha hai| vartamAna meM prakAzita katipaya pustakoM meM 3 anya padya bhI upalabdha hote haiM, kintu ve arvAcIna tathA anyakRta lagate haiN| 4. 'taMjayau' nAmaka caturtha smaraNa 26 gAthAoM meM nibaddha hai| isake racayitA jinadattasUri haiN| prastuta stotra kI vRtti ke Adi meM vRttikAra likhate haiM ki jinadattasUri ne roga tathA vyantara-sambandhI kopa se saMgha-hitArtha isa stotra kI racanA kii| isameM tIrtha, tIrthaGkara siddha, AcArya, upAdhyAya, sAdhu, samyaktva, darzana, jJAna, cAritra, guru, caturviMza yakSa-yakSiNI, SoDaza vidyAdevI, gRha-gotra-jala-kSetra-sthala-vana-parvatavAsI deva-devI, dasa dikpAla, navagraha, bhuvanapatideva, tIrthaGkara mahAvIra, tIrthaGkaroM ke gaNadhara, sudharmA svAmI evaM jinazAsanasevI devoM kI mahimAdi batAte hue unakI kramazaH stuti kI gaI hai| vRttikAra ne Avazyaka TippaNI sahita ina sabakA vistRta vizleSaNa kiyA hai| 1. draSTavya - paMca pratikramaNa sUtra tathA navasmaraNa, pRSTha 367 2. draSTavya - jaina-ratnasAra, pRSTha 661

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138 mahopAdhyAya samayasundara : vyaktitva evaM kRtitva 5. 'mayarahia' nAmaka paMcama smaraNa kI vRtti karate hue samayasundara likhate haiM ki prastuta stotra ke kartA jinadattasUri haiN| stotrakartA ne vicaraNa karate hue jaba janatA ko rogAdi se pIr3ita dekhA, to ve karuNA se prapanna ho utthe| usake roga ke vinAzArtha evaM paropakArArtha unhoMne prastuta stotra gumphita kiyA, jo mahAprabhAvaka siddha huaa| vRttikAra ne jinadattasUri ke atizayoM kA bhI prasaMgavaza varNana kiyA hai| stotra meM 21 gAthAe~ haiN| isa stotra meM, jinake nAma smaraNa se rogAdi dUra hote haiM, unakI bhAvabhInI stuti kI gaI hai| sudharmasvAmI, udyotanasUri, varddhamAnasUri, jinezvarasUri, jinacandrasUri, abhayadevasUri, jinavallabhasUri Adi ko isa stotra meM stutya Adarza puruSa mAnA gayA hai aura unhIM kI stuti kI gaI hai| 6. sigghamavaharau viggha' nAmaka SaSTha smaraNa kI vRttikAra ne saMkSipta vyAkhyA kI hai| yaha stotra 14 padyoM meM nibaddha hai| isameM tIrthaGkara pArzvanAtha, gaNadhara, zakrAdideva, gomukha Adi pramukha yakSa, jinazAsanadeva, brahmazAMti yakSa, kSetrAdideva, cakrezvarI devI, tIrthapati mahAvIra, jinacandrasUri, abhayadevasUri Adi kI kramazaH stuti kI gaI hai| 7. 'uvasaggahara' saMjJaka saptama smaraNa kA vRttikAra ne savistAra vivecana kiyA hai| isake racanAkAra haiM - AcArya bhadrabAhu / stotrotpatti ke sambandha meM samayasundara ne nimnAMkita kathA sUcita kI hai - __ eka bAra AryasambhUtavijayasUri ke pAsa varAhamihira aura bhadrabAhu nAmaka do sahodara dIkSita hue| donoM hI gItArtha bne| anazana' grahaNa karate samaya AryasambhUtavijayasUri ne apane gaccha kA bhAra evaM uttaradAyitva bhadrabAhu ko sauNpaa| isa prasaMga se varAhamihira ke mana meM dveSabhAva utpanna ho gayA ki guru ne gacchabhAra mujhe kyoM nahIM diyA? ajJAnatapa karate hue marakara vaha vyantara deva huaa| dveSavaza usane jainasaMgha meM mahAmArI ityAdi upadrava karane zurU kara diye| ataeva bhadrabAhu svAmI ne prastuta stotra kI racanA kara isa upadrava ko zAnta kiyaa| samayasundara stotra kA mAhAtmya batAte haiM - 'idaM stotraM ca mhaaprbhaavm| idaMstotraM yo'STottara zatavArAn japati tasya vighnA dUraM nazyanti, sarvasiddhayazca sNpdyte|' ___ isa stotra meM tIrthaGkara pArzvanAtha ke Adarza guNoM kI stuti lalita paddhati se vyaMjita hai| yadyapi yaha stotra mukhyarUpeNa arhat kI upAsanA ke lie hI racA gayA, lekina vRttikAra ne stotra kI pA~ca gAthAoM ke AdyAkSaroM ko paMcaparameSThI (arihanta, siddha, AcArya, upAdhyAya, sAdhu) ke rUpa meM bhI siddha kiyA hai| isa prakAra isa stotra meM bIjamantra bhI samAviSTa hai| Aja bhI yaha stotra atyadhika prasiddha hai| 2.15 kalyANamandira-vRtti 'kalyANamandira' stotra ke kartA haiM - kumudacandrAcArya, jo siddhasenadivAkara

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samayasundara kI racanAe~ 139 sUri ke nAma se prasiddha haiM / stotrakarttA ne prastuta stotra kI racanA zivaliMga meM nihita tIrthaGkara pArzva kI pratimA prakaTa karane ke lie kI thii| Aja bhI yaha stotra mahAprabhAvika tathA cAmatkArika mAnA jAtA hai / stotra 44 padyoM meM nibaddha hai / kavivara kI prastuta kRti ukta stotra kI vyAkhyA hai / vyAkhyA sarala bhASA meM kI gaI hai| stotra meM prayukta kaThina zabdoM meM zIghrabodha hetu vRttikAra ne Avazyaka nirdeza diye haiN| unake vaiyAkaraNa niyama, zabdoM kI vyutpatti ityAdi bhI vRtti meM nirdiSTa hai / isa stotra meM bhagavAn pArzvanAtha kI vividha rUpa se stuti karate hue unakA mAhAtmya evaM unake pratihAryoM kA bhI varNana kiyA hai| stotra bhAva tathA bhASA - donoM hI dRSTiyoM se anupama hai| 'kalyANamandira - vRtti' kA racanA kAla vi0 saM0 1695, phAlguna zuklA 15 hai aura racanA - sthAna prahlAdanapura hai zrI madvikramataH vareSu navaSaTjaivAtRke vatsare / mAse phAlguni prapUrNa zaziniprahlAdane satpure // vRtti kI hastalikhita pANDulipi jaina bhavana, kolakAtA evaM vArANasI ke jaina zvetAmbara paMcAyatI bar3A mandira ke jJAna- bhaNDAra meM surakSita hai| 2.16 daMDaka-prakaraNa-vRtti jaina dharma meM Agamika jJAna prApta karane ke lie prAya: sabase pahale 'cAraprakaraNa' par3he jAte haiN| 'daMDaka-prakaraNa' tIsarA prakaraNa hai| isake lekhaka gajasAra muni haiN| yaha prakaraNa 42 prAkRta padyoM meM nibaddha hai| isameM nAraka, asurA, bhuvanapati Adi ke zarIra, avagAhana, saMghayaNa Adi kA varNana hai| kisI varga vizeSa ko daMDaka kahate haiM aura jisake dvArA usa varga yA daMDaka ke jIvoM kI Ayu, sthiti, zarIraparimANa, gati Adi ke saMbaMdha meM vicAra kiyA jAtA hai, ve dvAra kahalAte haiM / samayasundara ne isa 'daMDaka prakaraNa' para sarala arthabodha hetu prastuta vRtti likhI hai / vRtti meM vRttikAra ne sabhI gAthAoM kI apekSita saMkSipta vyAkhyA bhI kI hai / vyAkaraNasaMbaMdhI Avazyaka nirdeza bhI die haiN| prApta sAkSyoM se jJAta hotA hai ki daMDaka prakaraNa para samayasundara se pUrva anya kisI ne vRtti nahIM likhI hai| unake paravartIkAla meM rUpacandra evaM anya kisI ajJAta vidvAn ne vRtti likhI hai / prastuta vRtti ahamadAbAda ke hAjA paTela pola kI eka zAlA meM likhI gaI / isakA racanA - kAla hai - vi0 saM0 1696 / vRtti ke anta meM likhA hai saMvati rasanidhiguhamukhasomamite nabhasi kRSNa pakSe ca / ahamadAbAde hAjA paTela polIstha zAlAyAm // 19. draSTavya - jinaratnakoza, pRSTha 166

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140 mahopAdhyAya samayasundara : vyaktitva evaM kRtitva isa vRtti kI hastalikhita prati sva0 pUraNacanda nAhara-saMgrahAlaya, kolakAtA meM evaM hamAre saMgraha meM bhI isakI pratilipi upalabdha hai| yaha vRtti aprakAzita hai| 2.17 vAgbhaTAlaMkAra-TIkA 'vAgbhaTAlaMkAra' nAmaka tIna kRtiyA~ upalabdha hotI haiM - eka vAgbhaTa kI, dUsarI ratnazekhara kI aura tIsarI dharmadAsa kii| prastuta TIkA vAgbhaTa kRta vAgbhaTAlaMkAra kI hai| __ mUla grantha meM kAvyazAstrIya siddhAntoM kA sAMgopAMga vivecana kiyA gayA hai| prathama pariccheda meM kAvya ke prayojana, kAvya ke kAraNa aura kucha bandhoM kA vivaraNa diyA gayA hai| dvitIya pariccheda meM kAvya ke zarIra, bhASA kA svarUpa aura kAvya-doSoM kA sodAharaNa nirUpaNa upalabdha hotA hai| tRtIya pariccheda meM kAvya ke mAdhurya Adi guNoM kA aura caturtha pariccheda meM zabdAlaMkAra aura arthAlaMkAra kA vizad varNana prApta hotA hai| paMcama pariccheda meM rasa aura nAyaka-nAyikA kA nirUpaNa kiyA gayA hai| kAvyazAstrIya mAnyatAoM ke bAre meM AcAryoM meM cirakAla se matabheda rahA hai| vAgbhaTa ke grantha meM nirUpita una sabhI viSayoM kA pUrNa bodha binA kisI vistRta TIkA ke honA sambhava nahIM thaa| isalie mahopAdhyAya samayasundara ne isa grantha para prAMjala TIkA likhI hai, jisameM yuktipUrvaka matAntaroM kI samIkSA karate hue vAgbhaTa ke pakSa kA samarthana kiyA gayA hai| kAvyazAstra ke adhyetAoM ke lie yaha TIkA atyanta upAdeya hai| prastuta TIkA kA nirmANa saMvat 1692 meM ahamadAbAda nagara meM harirAma muni ke lie kiyA gayA thaa| yaha tathya granthAnta meM ullikhita padya se pramANita hotA hai - ahamadAbAde nagare, krnidhishRNgaarsNkhyaabde| kintvarthalApanaM cakre, harirAmamuneH kRte|| prastuta kRti kI apUrNa prati bar3A jJAna bhaNDAra, bIkAnera meM evaM eka pUrNaprati esiyATika sosAyaTI, mumbaI meM upalabdha hai| grantha prakAzita nahIM hai| 2.18 kumArasambhava-vRtti prastuta kRti mahAkavi kAlidAsa racita 'kumArasambhava' kI subodha TIkA hai| isa kAvya meM tArakAsura dvArA trasta devatAoM kI prArthanA se pArvatI ke sAtha ziva ke vivAha aura kumAra kI utpatti kA varNana kiyA gayA hai| kumArasambhava' sataraha sargoM meM vibhakta hai, kintu AlocakoM ke anusAra kAlidAsa ne yaha racanA saptama varga taka hI likhI hai| samayasundara ne bhI kevala sAta sargoM taka hI 'kumArasambhava' kI vyAkhyA kI hai| prastuta vRtti meM mukhyataH zabdArthoM kA hI samAsa-vigraha pUrvaka vizleSaNa kiyA gayA hai, kintu kahIM-kahIM kucha navInatA dRSTigocara hotI hai, jo anya vRtti-TIkAoM meM nahIM hai| yathA - prathama sarga ke prathama padya meM 'himAlaya' zabda kA prasiddha artha batAkara

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samayasundara kI racanAe~ 141 'hi' zabda ko alaga karake 'mAlaya' zabda kA navIna artha - 'mA' arthAt lakSmI kA Alaya (lakSmI kA nivAsa-sthAna) diyA gayA hai| isI taraha kahIM-kahIM anya prasaMgoM meM bhI vyAkhyAgata utkarSa dekhA jA sakatA hai| yaha vRtti kavi ne apane ziSyoM ke paThanArtha banAI thI, isalie yaha anya vRttiyoM kI apekSA saMkSipta hai| mahopAdhyAya samayasundara ke atirikta 'kumArasambhava' para jina muniyoM ne vRtti likhI hai, ve ye haiM - cAritravardhanagaNi, zrIvijayagaNi, jinasamudrasUri, matiratna, dharmakIrti, kalyANasAgara, lakSmIvallabha, jinacandrasUri, jinabhadrasUri, kumArasena aadi|1 / / __ prastuta vRtti kI hastalikhita prati zrI jinaharivihAra, pAlItAnA se upalabdha huI hai| prati pUrNa surakSita hai, kevala antima patra AvaraNa-patra se saMzliSTa ho jAne ke kAraNa suvAcya nahIM hai| phira bhI jitanA paDhA jA sakA, usake AdhAra para vRtti ke racanA-kAla evaM racanA-sthala Adi kA saMketa milatA hai| kavi samayasandara ne vi0 saM0 1679 kA cAturmAsa zrIsaMgha ke Agraha se prahlAdanapura meM kiyA thaa| usI cAturmAsa ke pazcAt mArgazIrSa mAsa meM yaha vRtti likhI gaI thii| unhoMne isakA praNayana kara paNDita sahajavimala aura paNDita mAIdAsa nAmaka apane do ziSyoM ke dvArA apane anya ziSyoM ke adhyayanArtha likhvaayii| prApta prati kavi ke hI eka anya ziSya paM0 harSakuzalamuni dvArA saM0 1694, phAlguna vadI 3 ko jAlora nagara meM lipibaddha kI gaI thii| yaha vRtti abhI taka prakAzita nahIM huI hai| isake prakAza meM Ane se 'kumArasambhava' ke padyoM meM navIna arthoM kI vilakSaNatA aayegii| 2.19 sArasvata-vRtti prastuta grantha abhI taka aprApya evaM ajJAta rahA hai| isa grantha ke bAre meM hameM kahIM se koI vizeSa sUtra yA saMketa prApta nahIM hue; kintu yaha grantha samayasundara ne nibaddha kiyA thA, isakA ullekha unhoMne svayaM sArasvatIya zabda-rUpAvalI meM isa prakAra kiyA hai - sArasvatasya rUpANi, pUrva vRttirelIlikhit / stambhatIrthe maghau mAse, gaNiH smysundrH|| ukta uddharaNa se yaha pramANita ho jAtA hai ki samayasundara ne sArasvatavyAkaraNa para prastuta vRtti likhI thii| prastuta vRtti gaveSaNIya hai| 2.20 vimalastutivRtti 2.21 meghadUta prathama zloka (tIna artha) 2.22 mAghakAvya-vRtti 2.23 liMgAnuzAsana-cUrNi 2.24 aniTkArikA 1. draSTavya - jinaratnakoza, pRSTha 93-94

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142 mahopAdhyAya samayasundara : vyaktitva evaM kRtitva 2.25 meghadUta-vRtti __ukta granthoM kI sUcanA mahopAdhyAya vinayasAgara evaM nAhaTA-bandhuoM ne dI hai, kintu ina granthoM kI pANDulipiyA~ athaka prayAsa ke pazcAt bhI kisI granthAlaya meM prApta nahIM ho skiiN| ina granthoM ko prApta karane ke lie prayAsa jArI rhegaa| yadi kisI granthAlaya meM ye grantha upalabdha hoMge, to hama una para anusandhAnaparaka dRSTi se adhyayana prastuta karane kI bhAvanA rakhate haiN| 3. saMgraha-grantha saMgraha-grantha ve grantha haiM, jinameM prAcIna AcAryoM kI kRtiyoM se zlokoM yA padyoM ko lekara unheM eka suvyavasthita rUpa meM saMkalita kiyA jAtA hai| mahopAdhyAya samayasundara ne na kevala padyoM Adi ke saMgraha-grantha nibaddha kiye haiM, apitu kathAoM ke bhI saMgraha-grantha likhe the| aba taka kI khoja se unake nimnalikhita saMgraha-grantha prApta hue haiM - 3.1 gAthA-sahasrI 3.2 kathAkoza ukta donoM saMgraha-granthoM kA paricayAtmaka adhyayana nimnAnusAra hai3.1 gAthA-sahastrI prastuta saMgraha-grantha meM pUrvAcAryoM dvArA kathita subhASitoM kA sundara saMkalana huA hai| paNDitapravara samayasundara se pUrva bhI subhASita-vacanoM ko saMgrahIta karane kA kArya hotA A rahA hai| vidvAnoM kI dRSTi meM 11vIM zatI meM saMgrahIta 'kavIndra-vacana-samuccaya' hI prAcInatama subhASita-saMgraha mAnA gayA hai| jaina paramparA meM bhI pAdaliptasUri kA 'gAthAsaptazatI', jaya vallabha kA vajAlagga', samayasundara kA 'gAthA-sahastrI' Adi saMgraha grantha upalabdha hote haiN| ina saMgraha granthoM meM 'gAthA sahasrI" bhI eka mahattvapUrNa saMkalana hai, jo kavi samayasundara ke vyApaka jJAna kA dyotaka hai| prastuta grantha kA praNayana karane ke lie kavi ne vividha granthoM kA gahanAvalokana kiyA thaa| unake atyadhika udyama se hI yaha grantha taiyAra ho skaa| kavi svayaM nirdeza dete haiM - gAthA kiyatyaH prakRtA: kiyatya zlokAzca kAvyAni kiyanti snti| nAnAvidha grantha vilokana zramA dekIkRtA atra mayA prayatnAt // 3 isa saMgraha grantha meM jaina AgamoM kI sUktiyoM, subhASitoM, anyoktiyoM, gAthAoM Adi kA sarvAGgINa saMgraha kiyA gayA hai| pramukha jainetara dhArmika granthoM kI sUktiyoM kA bhI 1. samayasundara kRti kusumAMjali, mahopAdhyAya samayasundara, pRSTha 50-55 2. sItArAma-caupAI, bhUmikA, pRSTha 54-55 .. 3. gAthA-sahasrI, prazasti (2)

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143 samayasundara kI racanAe~ isa 'gAthA-sahasrI' meM saMgraha kiyA gayA hai| yaha grantha paNDitajanoM ke mukha kI zobhA rUpa tAmbUla-sadRza hai aura vyAkhyAnadAtAoM ke lie to atyanta upayogI hai| saMgrahakartA svayaM hI isa prakAra kahatA hai - vyAkhyAcAturyavA~chA yadi, bhavati tadA shaastrmettsmgrN| kaNThe kRtvA vizeSA'vagama-paramArthaM gRhItvA gurukteH| vyAkhyAkAle vicAle pravara-mavasaraM prApya vAcyaM prasaktaM, sabhyebhyAnAM purastAccatura-camatkArakAraM ca bhaavi||1 arthAt yadi Apa prakhara vaktA bananA cAhate haiM, to sampUrNa grantha kaNThAgra kara, guru ke mukha se grantha kA gUr3ha artha samajhakara, pratidina sabhA samakSa pravacana karate samaya samayAnusAra subhASita padya bolane se sajjanoM ke citta ko Apa avazya Azcarya karane vAle hoNge| samayasundara ke gAthA sahasrI meM kula 855+6+2 = 863 gAthAe~ upalabdha hotI haiN| gAthAe~ prAkRta aura saMskRta bhASA kI hai| gAthA-sahasrI kI racanA-samApti kA saMvat samayasundara ne svayaM hI diyA hai - Rtu-vasu-rasa-zazi varSe, vinirmito vijayatA ciraM granthaH // 2 arthAt 'gAthA-sahasrI' grantha kI racanA vi0 saM0 1686 meM samApta huI thii| ___ gAthA sahasrI kI hastalikhita prati cAra sthAnoM meM prApta huI hai| ve ye haiM - 1. zrI mohanalAla-jJAna-bhaNDAra, sUrata, 2. zrI jinadattasUri-jJAna-bhaNDAra, sUrata, 3. zrI jinadattasUri- jJAna-bhaNDAra, mumbaI, 4. zrI jinakRpAcandrasUri-jJAna-bhaNDAra, bIkAnera / Aja yaha grantha jinadattasUri-jJAnabhaNDAra, sUrata aura javherI mUlacanda hIrAcanda bhagata, mumbaI kI ora se prakAzita rUpa meM bhI upalabdha hai| 3.2 kathAkoza prastuta grantha kA paricaya pRSTha 117 para draSTavya hai| 4. bhASA-vRttiyA~ 'bhASA' Adhunika hindI kA prAcIna nAma hai| mahAkavi samayasundara kI bhASAkRtiyA~ vipula haiN| aba taka kiye gae zodha se kavi kI bhASA meM praNIta jo kRtiyA~ prApta huI haiM, unakA paricayAtmaka adhyayana nimnalikhita zIrSakoM ke antargata kiyA jA rahA hai - 4.1 rAsa-caupAI-sAhitya 4.2 chattIsI-sAhitya 4.3 anya racanAe~ 1. vahI, prazasti (3) 2. vahI, prazasti (6)

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144 mahopAdhyAya samayasundara : vyaktitva evaM kRtitva 4.1 rAsa-caupAI-sAhitya ___ kavirAja samayasundara kA rAsa-caupAI-sAhitya ati samRddha hai| yaha sAhitya mukhyataH kathA pradhAna hai| kisI sImA taka prastuta varga kA zIrSaka kathA-sAhitya bhI ho sakatA hai, kintu kucheka rAsa-caupAiyA~ aisI bhI haiM, jinakA sambandha kathAoM se nahIM hai| isIlie hamane isa varga kA zIrSaka kathA-sAhitya' na rakhakara rAsa-caupAI sAhitya' hI rakhA hai, tAki adhika bhedopabheda kI apekSA una racanAoM kA bhI isameM samAveza ho sake, jinheM 'kathA-sAhitya' ke antargata nahIM rakhA jA sktaa| jaise - zatrujaya-rAsa aadi| Alocya rAsa-caupAI-sAhitya meM samayasundara ne aise prakhyAta evaM mahattvapUrNa kathAnakoM ko cunA hai, jo AnandadAyaka hone ke sAtha-sAtha zikSApradAyaka sUtroM se bhI veSTita hoN| ye gRhIta kathAnaka itihAsa, Agama evaM prakaraNoM para Azrita tathA vikalpanAjanya - donoM prakAra ke haiN| samayasundara ne puruSapAtra pradhAna kathA-sAhitya bhI likhA hai aura strIpAtra pradhAna bhii| jaise- puNyasAgaracaritra-caupAI, valkalacIrI-rAsa, kSullakaRSi-rAsa, campaka zreSThicaupAI Adi puruSapAtra pradhAna kathAe~ haiM; to mRgAvatI-caritra-caupAI, draupadI-caupAI strIpAtra pradhAna kathAe~ haiN| katipaya rAsoM aura caupAiyoM kI kathAe~ aisI haiM, jinameM puruSa evaM strI - donoM pAtroM kI pradhAnatA hai; yathA - naladavadaMtI-rAsa, siitaaraam-caupaaii| kucha racanAoM meM ekAdhika puruSa-pAtroM kI pradhAnatA hai| udAharaNArtha- zAba-pradyumna-caupAI, cAra pratyekabuddhacaupAI, vastupAla-tejapAla-rAsa aadi| samayasundara ne 'siMhalasuta-priyamelaka-caupAI' nAmaka tIrtha mAhAtmyaviSayaka kathA bhI gumphita kI thii| varNya rAsa-caupAI-sAhitya ke kathAnakoM ke nAyaka mahApuruSa, zUravIra aura vijayI haiN| kavi ne jIvana ke vyApaka tathA gambhIra anubhavoM kA citraNa karane ke lie nAyaka ke atirikta pratinAyaka evaM gauNa pAtroM kI avatAraNA, vividha ghaTanAoM kI sRSTi, avAntara kathAoM kI yojanA Adi aneka tattvoM ke sammizraNa se saMghaTita kathAnakoM kA nirmANa athavA grahaNa kiyA hai| karmaphala batAne ke lie kavi ne apane nAyakoM ke pUrva bhava kI kathAoM evaM avAntara kathAoM kI hara rAsa-caupAI meM yojanA kI hai| vizeSatA yaha hai ki kathAnaka kI pUrva aura apara ghaTanAe~ eka dUsare se pUrNa sambaddha haiM aura ve anvitipUrNa, gatizIla evaM susaMgaThita haiN| kavi samayasundara ne rAsa-caupAI-sAhitya meM atiprAkRta aura alaukika tattvoM kA bhI samAveza kiyA hai| unhoMne atiprAkRta pAtroM aura unake alaukika kAryoM ko devatA, rAkSasa, yakSa, vyantara Adi dvArA hI nahIM, balki puNyavAn manuSya aura muniyoM dvArA bhI dikhAyA hai| samayasundara ne apane prAyaH samasta rAsosAhitya ke prArambha meM maMgalAcaraNa,

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samayasundara kI racanAe~ 145 vastu-nirdeza, Adarza sajjana puruSoM kI prazaMsA kI hai aura anta meM racanA - kAla, racanAsthala, guru, praguru, racanA - lekhana ke preraNA strota athavA nivedaka evaM uddezya Adi kA varNana kiyA hai| pratyeka rAsa meM ekAdhika khaNDa hai aura hara khaNDa meM kaI upakhaNDa haiM, jise kavi ne 'DhAla' kI saMjJA dI hai| sabhI kathAe~ padyabaddha haiM, jo ekAdhika khaNDAntargata chandoM, rAgoM tathA deziyoM meM nibaddha haiM / samayasundara kA sampUrNa rAsa- caupAI - sAhitya isI paddhati se likhita hai| isake antargata nimnalikhita nirdiSTa kRtiyAM haiM: - 4.1.1 zAmba - pradyumna - caupAI 4.1.3 mRgAvatI - caritra - caupAI 4.1.5 puNyasAracaritra- caupAI 4.1.7 sItArAma - caupAI 4.1.9 zatruMjaya-rAsa 4.1.2 cAra pratyekabuddha - caupAI 4.1.4 siMhalasuta/priyamelaka tIrtha-caupAI 4.1.6 nala - davadantI-rAsa 4.1.8 valkalacIrI - caupAI 4.1.10 vastupAla- - tejapAla - rAsa 4.1.12 kSullakaRSi- -rAsa 4.1.14 gautamapRcchA - caupAI 4.1.16 puMja (ratna) RSi - rAsa 4.1.11 thAvaccAsuta RSi - caupAI 4.1.13 campakazreSThi- caupAI 4.1.15 dhanadatta-caupAI 4.1.17 draupadI - caupAI aba hama AgAmI pRSThoM meM uparyukta kRtiyoM kA paricaya prastuta kara rahe haiM 4.1.1 zAmba - pradyumna - caupAI zAmba-pradyumna ke kathAnaka para aneka jainAcAryoM ne apanI lekhanI calAI hai| jinasenAcArya racita harivaMzapurANa, guNabhadra racita uttarapurANa, svayambhU racita riTThaNemicariu, puSpadanta racita mahApurANa, dhavala racita harivaMzapurANa meM ukta kathAnaka kA kramaza: vikasita rUpa dRSTigata hotA hai| isa kathAnaka para svataMtra rUpa meM likhI huI kRtiyoM meM sarvaprathama 11 vIM zatI meM likhita mahAsenAcArya kI 'pradyumna caritra' nAmaka kRti milatI hai, jo ki saMskRta - bhASA meM likhI gaI hai| hindI bhASA meM isa kathAnaka para sAhityasRjana kA kArya 15vIM zatI ke kavi sadhAru ke 'pradyumna caritra' se prArambha hotA hai| zAmbapradyumna - caritra para Aja taka lagabhaga 25 kRtiyA~ prApta hotI haiN| unhIM meM se eka kRti hai, hamAre Alocya kavi samayasundara kRta 'zAmba - pradyumna - caupAI' | yaha kavi samayasundara dvArA likhita prathama bRhat racanA hai / kavi ne svayaM rAsa ke Adi meM yaha nirdeza kiyA hai| 1. yaha kRti - krama racanA - kAla ke anusAra hai| 2. draSTavya - pradyumna - caritra, paNDita cainasukhadAsa, DaoN0 kastUracanda kAsalIvAla likhita prastAvanA, pRSTha 13

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146 mahopAdhyAya samayasundara : vyaktitva evaM kRtitva sakati nahIM mujha tehavIM, buddhi nahIM suprkaash| vacana-vilAsa nahIM tisau, e piNa prathama abhyaas|| kavi ne 'antakRddazAMga' grantha meM nibaddha zAmba aura pradyumna ke kathAnaka ke AdhAra para apane rAsa kA praNayana kiyA hai| kavi ne likhA hai AThamai aMgai e kahyA, saMkSepai smbndh| paNi huM prakaraNa thI kahisi, vistara paNai prbndh||2 AThamai aMgai e kahyA, saMba-pradyumna adhikaar| sohama sAmi upadisai, jaMbU nai suvicAra // 3 yaha kRti vi0 saM0 1659, vijayAdazamI ko khambhAta meM zrI stambhana pArzvanAtha kI kRpA se sampUrNa huii| nimnAMkita vAkyoM se yaha tathya spaSTa ho jAtA hai - sukhakAra saMvata sola e guNasaThi, vijayAdasamI dini| ekabIsa DhAlai rasAla e, grantha racyau sundara zubha manai // 4 samayasundara ne isakI racanA jaisalamera ke sAhityapremI zAha zivarAja ke Agraha se kI thii| zrI abhaya jaina granthAlaya, bIkAnera se prApta eka prati meM ukta tathya kA isa prakAra ullekha hai - 'iti jaisalameru vAstavya nAnAvidha zAstra-viveka, rasika loDhA sA0 sivarAja abhyarthanayA kRtaH zAmba-pradyumna-sambandha smaaptH|' prastuta racanA kA nirmANa kavi kA prathama prayAsa hote hue bhI kAvyatva kI dRSTi se suniyojita evaM vAkyaM rasAtmakaM kAvyam' se otaprota hai| racanA kA kathAnaka aura kathAnaka ko DhAlane kI kalA - donoM hI rocaka haiN| sva0 pUraNacandanAhara saMgrahAlaya, kolakAtA se prApta isa racanA kI pANDulipi meM do khaNDa haiN| prathama khaNDa meM 13 DhAle haiN| pratyeka DhAla ke prArambha meM kucha dohe haiM / dvitIya khaNDa meM 8 DhAleM haiN| isameM bhI sabhI DhAloM ke prArambha meM kucha dohe diye gaye haiN| isa prakAra sampUrNa kRti 21 DhAloM meM nibaddha hai, jisameM kula 635 padya haiN| grantha-parimANa 800 zloka hai| kavi samayasundara ne sarvaprathama tIrthaGkara neminAtha, stambhana pArzvanAtha, mahAvIra, gaNadhara gautama aura sadguru kA smaraNa aura unheM vandana kiyA hai| tatpazcAt kathA kA 1. zAmba-pradyumna-caupAI, (khaNDa 1, DhAla 1 se pUrva, dUhA 5) 2. vahI (dUhA 8) 3. vahI (2.8.33) 4. zAba-pradyumna-caupAI (1.1.33)

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147 samayasundara kI racanAe~ gumphana kiyA hai| kathAsAra adhoaGkita hai - __dvArAmatI (dvArikA) nagarI meM vAsudeva kRSNa zAsana karate the| ve solaha hajAra rAjAoM ke svAmI the| kRSNa kI aneka patniyoM meM satyabhAmA paTarAnI thI, to rukmiNI sarvAdhika priy| eka bAra eka sAdhu rukmiNI ke yahA~ aayaa| rukmiNI ne usase sabhakti pUchA - 'mere putra hogA yA nahIM?' sAdhu ne kahA - 'tumheM putra kI prApti nizcita hogii|' sAdhu ke ye vacana satyabhAmA ne suna liye| rukmiNI aura satyabhAmA donoM yaha kahatI huI paraspara kalaha karane lagI ki sAdhu ne putra-prApti kA AzIrvAda tumheM nahIM, apitu mujhe diyA hai| anta meM kRSNa, valabhadra Adi ke sAkSya meM donoM ne yaha nirNaya kiyA amha biU~ mAhi je jUThI par3ai / tei taNai sirae daMDa caDai / / paDilau paraNai suta jehni| e kumari varisai tehni|| mastaka muMDI tehanA besa, paDalai caDasyai kisyuM kles||1 arthAt - hama donoM (rukmiNI aura satyabhAmA) meM jo asatya siddha hogI, usI ke Upara yaha daNDa car3hegA ki jisake putra kA vivAha pahale hogA, usakI jIta hogI aura dUsarI vivAhotsava meM apane keza utAra degI, jo vadhU ke 'par3ale' meM car3hAye jaayeNge| kucha samaya pazcAt rukmiNI aura satyabhAmA donoM kI kukSi se eka-eka putra kA janma huaa| eka dina rukmiNI ke putra pradyumna ko kRSNa apanI kror3a meM krIr3A karA rahe the ki dhUmaketu deva pradyumna se pUrvabhava kA vaira hone ke kAraNa rukmiNI kA rUpa banAkara kRSNa ke pAsa AyA aura unase bAlaka maaNgaa| kRSNa ne sahajabhAva se use bAlaka de diyaa| vaha bAlaka ko lekara jaMgala meM gayA aura AkAza se hI bAlaka ko nIce girA diyA, kintu bAlaka puSpa-patroM para girane se baca gyaa| usa mArga se gujarate hue kAlasaMvara nAmaka vidyAdhara ne usa bAlaka ko grahaNa kara liyA aura nissantAna duHkhiyArI apanI patnI kanakamAlA ko use sauMpa diyaa| kanakamAlA usakA snehapUrvaka pAlana-poSaNa karane lgii| udhara jaba pradyumna ke apaharaNa kA rahasya prakaTa huA, to rukmiNI Adi sabhI ko bar3A duHkha huaa| yAdava-sabhA meM sahasA nArada maharSi padhAra gye| unhoMne RSi se pradyumna kI khoja karane kA nivedana kiyaa| nArada mahAvideha kSetra meM sImandhara svAmI ke pAsa gaye aura unhoMne pradyumna ke sambandha meM sArI pUchatAcha kii| prabhu ne sampUrNa bAta batAkara kahA ki pradyumna solaha varSa pazcAt svayaM apane mAtA-pitA se milegaa| sImandhara svAmI ne unheM pradyumna ke dasa pUrvabhavoM ko bhI savistAra btaayaa| 1. zAba-pradyumna-caupAI (2.8 38)

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mahopAdhyAya samayasundara : vyaktitva evaM kRtitva nArada muni ne dvArikA ke nAgarikoM ko jaba yaha sampUrNa bAta batalAI, to sabhI cakita aura prasanna hue| udhara pradyumna sarvavidyAoM meM pravINa ho gyaa| usake yauvana kA vikAsa dekhakara kanakamAlA kA citta vicalita ho utthaa| usane pradyumna se kahA ki maiM terI mAtA nahIM hU~ / yadi tuma mujhe grahaNa karo, to maiM tumheM prajJapti-vidyA sikhA sakatI hU~ / pradyutra ne usase vidyA sIkhakara kahA ki tumane merA lAlana-pAlana kiyA, isalie tuma merI mAM ho aura vidyAbhyAsa karavAyA, isalie guru bhI ho| ataH tumhAre mu~ha se yaha bAta azobhanIya hai / kanakamAlA ne jaba yaha chala huA jAnA, to vaha kupita ho gaI aura usane apane keza bikhera lie, vastra phAr3a lie evaM pradyumna para AkSepa karatI huI vilApa karane lgii| kAlasaMvara ne jaba yaha dRSTipAla kiyA, to vaha pradyumna ko mArane ke lie udyata huaa| donoM meM yuddha chir3a gayA, lekina pradyumna ke Age kAlasaMvara Thahara na sakA / jaba kAlasaMvara ko usakI ' prajJapti - vidyA' kA patA lagA, to vaha apanI patnI se apanI vidyA mAMgane gayA / yathArtha sthiti jJAta hote hI kAlasaMvara ne yuddha banda kara diyaa| usI samaya nArada muni A phuNce| unhoMne pradyumna se kahA ki zrI kRSNa kI rAnI rukmiNI tumhArI mAtA hai| usakA satyabhAmA ke sAtha yaha taya huA thA ki jisake putra kA vivAha pahale hogA, dUsarI keza utAra degI, jo vadhU ke 'par3ale' meM car3hAye jAyeMge / satyabhAmA ke putra bhAnukumAra kA vivAha nizcita ho gayA hai| ataeva tuma dvArikA jAo aura apanI mAtA kI rakSA kro| 148 pradyumna ne kAlasaMvara se AjJA lekara nArada ke sAtha dvArikA nagarI hetu AkAzamArga vimAna dvArA prasthAna kiyaa| dvArikA meM usane sainyarakSita bhAnu kI bhAvI patnI udadhikumArI kA haraNa kara apane vimAna meM baiThA diyaa| tatpazcAt pradyumna ne apanI vidyAoM kA prayoga karanA zurU kiyaa| usane eka bandara utpanna kiyA, jisane satyabhAmA ke udyAna ko naSTa kara ddaalaa| usake bAda pradyumna ne eka azva kA AvirbhAva kiyA, jisane khetoM ko tRNarahita evaM kUpoM ko bhI jalazUnya kara diyaa| phira pradyumna brAhmaNa veSa dhAraNa kara paMcAMga lie satyabhAmA ke mahala para aayaa| usane eka kubjA dAsI ko rUpavatI banA diyA / siddhapuruSa jAnakara satyabhAmA ne use AdarapUrvaka mahala meM bulAyA aura bhojana karAnA zurU kiyaa| yaha pradyumna se bolI- 'he priya ! rAnI rukmiNI atyadhika lAvaNyavatI hai, ataH mere pati use hI cAhate haiN| yadi Apa mujhe usase adhika lAvaNyavatI banA deM, to ApakA bahuta upakAra hogaa|' pradyumna ne use isakA upAya batalAte hue kahA ki yadi 'tuma sira- muNDana karavAkara aura kevala jIrNa vastra pahanakara 'ruNDabuNDa svAhA, ruNDabuNDa svAhA' - isa mantra kI eka mAlA japogI, to tumheM manovAMchita phala prApta hogA / ' satyabhAmA ne use peTabhara bhojana kraayaa| jaba pradyumna vaivAhika bhojana kI sampUrNa sAmagrI caTa kara gayA, eka dAsI ne use rAkSasa samajhakara bhagA diyaa| to

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samayasundara kI racanAe~ 149 taduparAnta pradyumna eka choTe sAdhu kA rUpa banAkara rukmiNI ke mahala meM gyaa| rukmiNI putra ke Agamana kI pratIkSA kara rahI thI, kyoMki kevalI-kathita vacanAnusAra putra ke Agamana ke sAre lakSaNa dRSTigata ho rahe the| usane sAdhu ko Ate dekha unakA svAgata kiyaa| sAdhu sIdhe kRSNa ke siMhAsana para AsIna ho gyaa| usane sAdhu se Ane kA kAraNa puuchaa| vaha bolA - sola varasa nuM pAraNuM re, nahiM pIdhu mAtA - dUdha re| adhika tapyau tapa Akaru re, kAyA kI sudha re|| rukmiNI ne use Dhera-sAre laDDU khilaaye| udhara satyabhAmA ne pradyumna ke kathanAnusAra kArya kiyaa| isa prakAra satyabhAmA ke keza rukmiNI se pahale utara ge| satyabhAmA ne dAsiyoM ko rukmiNI se keza maMgavAne ke lie bhejA, para pradyumna ne unheM bhagA diyaa| tabhI nArada muni vahA~ padhAra gye| unhoMne rukmiNI se pradyumna kA paricaya kraayaa| mA~ putra kI punaH prApti para atyanta harSita huii| donoM ke Ananda kA pAra nahIM thaa| pradyumna ne mAtA ko ratha meM biThAkara samasta yAdavoM ko lalakArA ki yadi kisI vIra meM sAmarthya ho, to vaha rAnI rukmiNI ko mujhase chur3Akara le jaae| zrIkRSNa apane yoddhAoM ke sAtha saMgrAma-sthala para A phuNce| pradyumna ne vidyA-bala se sArI senA ko nidrA kI goda meM sulA diyaa| kRSNa ke zastra bhI nirarthaka ho gye| Akasmika, kRSNa kI dAhinI bhujA phar3akane lgii| udhara se nAradamuni bhI A gye| unake dvArA unake pitA-putra ke saMbaMdha kA bheda khulate hI saMgrAma-sthala, utsava-sthala bana gyaa| sabhI logoM ke Agraha para bhI pradyumna ne duryodhana kI putrI udadhikumArI se yaha kahate hue vivAha nahIM kiyA ki vaha merI bhAbhI hai| pradyumna kA pacAsa vidyAdhara-kanyAoM se pANigrahaNa huA aura vaha sukhapUrvaka kAla vyatIta karane lgaa| yahA~ prathama khaNDa samApta ho jAtA hai| dvitIya khaNDa ke Arambha meM kavi ne 'kAzmIrI mukha-maNDaNI' nAmaka devI ko namaskAra kiyaa| (yaha devI jaina thI athavA jainetara, yaha nizcita rUpa se nahIM kahA jA sktaa| hA~! yaha kavi kI iSTa devI thI, itanA spaSTa hai|) isa prakAra madhya maMgala karate hae kavi ne likhA hai ki satyabhAmA ne pradyumnavat-putra-prApti kI apanI tIvra abhilASA ko zrIkRSNa ke sammukha vyakta kii| zrIkRSNa ne hariNagameSI deva kI ArAdhanA kii| deva ne prakaTa hokara kRSNa ko eka hAra pradAna kiyA aura bolA ki Apa jisake gale meM yaha hAra pahanAyeMge, usI ke putra-ratna utpanna hogaa| pradyumna ne apanI vidyA se yaha bAta avagata kara lii| usane rAnI jAmbavatI ko satyabhAmA kA rUpa de diyA tathA samajhA-bujhAkara kRSNa ke pAsa preSita kiyaa| kRSNa ne use satyabhAmA samajhakara vaha hAra sasneha usake gale meM suzobhita kara diyaa| kucha dera pazcAt satyabhAmA bhI aaii| kRSNa ne apane sAtha chala huA jAnakara use sAntvanA dete hue kahA

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150 mahopAdhyAya samayasundara : vyaktitva evaM kRtitva ki tumheM putra kI prApti hogii| subaha jaba kRSNa ne vaha hAra jAmbavatI ke gale meM dekhA, , to unhoMne ise pradyumna kI hI karatUta smjhii| tase utpanna hue putra kA 'zAmba' nAmakaraNa kiyA gyaa| vaha zaizavakAla meM hI samasta kalAoM meM pAraMgata ho gyaa| usakA bhI pacAsa kanyAoM se vivAha huA / zAmba aura pradyumna meM ghaniSTha maitrI ho gayI / eka dina rukmiNI ne bhojakaTaka ke rAjA rukmI ko usakI putrI vaidarbhI se apane putra pradyumna kA vivAha karane kA sandeza kahalavAyA / rukmiNI rukmI ke isa pratyuttara se khinna ho uThI ki vaha cAMDAla - putra ko apanI putrI nahIM degaa| rukmiNI ke duHkha ko dUra karane ke lie pradyumna aura zAmba donoM bhojakaTaka gye| unhoMne cANDAla kA rUpa banAyA aura vahA~ madhura gIta gAne lge| unhoMne vahA~ eka madonmatta hAthI ko bhI vaza meM kara liyaa| antata: usI veza meM pradyumna ne vaidarbhI se pANigrahaNa kiyA / pradyumna kA vAstavika paricaya milane para rukmI Adi sabhI prasanna hue / pradyumna aura zAmba dvArikA lauTa Ae / zAmba aura satyabhAmA kA putra bhAnukumAra - donoM jaba bhI khelate the, zAmba ko hI vijayazrI prApta hotI / bhAnu zrIkRSNa se zikAyata karatA aura zrIkRSNa jAmbavatI se / jAmbavatI kahatI - merA putra bar3A sIdhA aura sayAnA hai| eka dina kRSNa zAmba kI zarArata dikhAne ke lie jAmbavatI ko sAtha le gye| donoM ahIra ahIranI kA rUpa banAkara zAmba ke krIr3A sthala para phuNce| zAmba ne ahIranI ko cher3A aura usakA hAtha pakar3a liyA / jAmbavatI evaM kRSNa ne jaise hI apanA yathArtha rUpa prakaTa kiyA, zAmba vahA~ se nau - dau gyAraha ho gayA / dUsare dina, zAmba eka lakar3I kI kIla gar3hatA huA rAjya sabhA meM phuNcaa| zrIkRSNa ke dvArA kIla gar3hane kA kAraNa pUchane para usane kahA ki jo gata divasa kI ghaTanA kA ullekha isa sabhA meM karegA, yaha kIla maiM usake mu~ha meM gAr3a duuNgaa| yaha suna kRSNa ne kupita hokara use nagara se bAhara nikAla diyaa| udhara pradyumna bhI bhAnu ko cher3ane lagA / satyabhAmA ne use bhI nagara ke bAhara nikalavA diyaa| pradyumna aura zAmba - donoM zmazAnasthala para mila gaye / idhara satyabhAmA apane putra bhAnu ke vivAha kI taiyAra karane lgii| vaha bhAnu kA vivAha 100 kanyAoM se karAnA cAhatI thI / ninyAnave kanyAe~ to use mila gaIM aura eka kanyA kI khoja karAne lgii| I pradyumna ne avasara kA lAbha uThAkara vidyA-bala se svayaM ko jitazatru rAjA aura zAmba ko apanI putrI banA liyaa| satyabhAmA ne ise dekhate hI apanI sauMvI vadhU banAne hetu jitazatru rUpa pradyumna se mAMga liyA / zAmba satyabhAmA ke saMga gayA aura yuktipUrvaka ninyAnave kanyAoM ke sAtha pANigrahaNa kara apanA asalI rUpa prakaTa kara diyA / satyabhAmA

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samayasundara kI racanAe~ 151 to jala-bhuna gii| eka bAra tIrthaGkara neminAtha dvArikA pdhaare| zAmba aura pradyumna ne unake upadeza se pratibodhita hokara jina dIkSA le lii| utkRSTa saMyama-caryA karate hue donoM bhAiyoM ne anta meM vimalagiri para saMlekhanA grahaNa kI aura kaivalya prApta kara siddha-buddha bne| isI ke sAtha dUsarA khaNDa samApta ho jAtA hai| _prastuta grantha aprakAzita hai| isakI hastalikhita pratiyA~ sva0 pUraNacanda nAhara, kolakAtA ke nijI jJAna bhaNDAra meM, abhaya jaina granthAlaya, bIkAnera meM aura jaina zve0 paMcAyatI bar3A maMdira jJAna bhaNDAra, vArANasI meM upalabdha haiN| 4.1.2 cAra pratyekabuddha-caupAI jisane bodhi prApta kara lI hai, vaha buddha kahalAtA hai| buddha tIna prakAra ke hote haiM - 1. svayaM-buddha, 2. pratyeka-buddha aura 3. buddh-bodhit| jo svayaM cintana ke dvArA bodhi prApta karatA hai, vaha svayaM-buddha kahalAtA hai| jo kisI eka ghaTanA ke kAraNa bodhi pAtA hai, use pratyeka-buddha kahA jAtA hai| jo bodhi-prApta vyaktiyoM ke upadeza se bodhilAbha karate haiM, ve buddha-bodhita kahe jAte haiN| samayasundara viracita isa rAsa kA sambandha pratyekabuddha se hai| uttarAdhyayanasUtra ke navameM adhyAya meM nami nAmaka eka pratyeka-buddha ke jIvana kI eka vizeSa ghaTanA nibaddha hai aura usake aThArahaveM adhyAya meM cAroM pratyekabuddhoM kA nAmollekha mAtra hai| uttarAdhyayananiyukti meM una cAra pratyekabuddhoM kA saMkSepa meM nirdeza milatA hai, jinako kavi ne apane rAsa kA nAyaka banAyA hai| ye cAra pratyeka-buddha haiM - karakaNDu, dvimukha, nami aura nggti| yadyapi pratyeka-buddhoM kI saMkhyA meM vivAda hai, kintu samayasundara ne apanI eka anya kRti meM vividha pramANoM ke AdhAra para unakI saMkhyA kula 45 siddha kI hai|3 uttarAdhyayana-samAgata pratyeka-buddhoM para samaSTi rUpa meM aneka racanAe~ likhI giiN| inameM samayasundara ke alAvA zrItilaka, jinaratna, lakSmItilaka, jinavardhanasUri, bhAvavijaya, nemicandrasUri Adi dvArA likhita kAvya-racanAe~ ullekhanIya haiN| bauddhoM ke pAlisAhitya meM bhI ukta cAroM pratyeka-buddhoM kI kathAe~ varNita haiN| ___kavi samayasundara kRta 'cAra pratyeka-buddha-caupAI' meM karakaNDu, dvimukha, nami aura naggati - ina cAroM pratyeka -buddhoM ke jIvana-caritra kA sundaratama vivecana hai| kavi ne isa rAsa meM ukta cAra pratyeka-buddhoM kA svatantra pRthak-pRthak khaNDa banAyA hai| pratyeka 1. draSTavya - nandI sUtra (30) 2. draSTavya - uttarAdhyayananiyukti, gAthA 270-80 3. vicAra-zataka (60) 4. kumbhakAra-jAtaka (408)

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152 mahopAdhyAya samayasundara : vyaktitva evaM kRtitva khaNDa meM eka-eka pratyeka-buddha kA varNana kiyA gayA hai| sabhI khaNDoM kA racanAkAla bhI pRthak-pRthak hai, jo ki khaNDa ke anta meM nirdiSTa hai / samayasundara kRta 'cAra pratyeka-buddha-caupAI' ke Adi meM kavi ne arihanta mahAvIra, labdhibhaNDAra gautama tathA mAtA sarasvatI kA smaraNa karake cAra pratyekabuddhoM kA nAmollekha kiyA hai / tatpazcAt kavi ne likhA hai ki campA nAmaka eka nagarI thI / dadhivAhana vahA~ kA rAjA thaa| padmAvatI usakI rAnI thii| eka bAra use chatradhAraka rAjA ke sAtha gajArUr3ha hokara kAnana - udyAna meM vicaraNa karane kA dohada utpanna huaa| rAjA ne rAnI kI icchA - pUrti ke lie vaisA hI kiyA, lekina hAthI unmatta hokara unheM bhairava aTavI meM le gyaa| sabhI sAthI pIche chUTa ge| hAthI ne na rukane para vaTa vRkSa kI zAkhA pakar3akara utarane ke nirNaya ke anusAra rAjA to utara gayA, parantu rAnI na utara skii| hAthI bhAga huA pyAsa ke mAre eka sarovara ke nikaTa phuNcaa| rAnI avasara pAkara dhIre se nIce utara gyii| dharma ko zaraNa rUpa samajhakara usane dharma kI zaraNa lenA hI samIcIna smjhaa| usane jAna yA anajAna meM hue aparAdhoM ke lie prANimAtra ke prati 'micchAmi dukkar3a' (mithyA duSkRtama) diyA aura yaha kahakara catu: zaraNapUrvaka sAgArI anazana grahaNa kara liyA i me hujja pAo, imassa dehassa imAi velAe / AhAra muvahi dehaM savvaM tiviheNa vosiriyaM // , ( kavi ne isakA tIsarI DhAla meM vivacena kiyA hai| yaha DhAla 'padmAvatIArAdhanA - stavana' ke rUpa meM Aja bhI jaina samAja meM prANAnta hone vAle vyakti ko zravaNa karAyI jAtI hai / yahA~ yaha spaSTa kara denA aparihArya hai ki kavi ke nAma se 'padmAvatI ArAdhanA' nAmaka jo svatantra racanA samajhI jAtI hai, vaha vastutaH svatantra na hokara 'cAra pratyeka-buddha caupAI' kA hI eka aMza hai / ) padmAvatI vahA~ se clii| Age usakI eka tApasa se bheMTa huI, jo rAjA ceTaka kA paricita thA aura padmAvatI ceTaka kI putrI thii| usane padmAvatI ko dhairya dilAkara AgrahapUrvaka phalAhAra kraayaa| gA~va kI sImA para pahu~cAkara usane kahA- 'yaha dantapura kA patha hai; vahA~ dantacakra rAjA rAjya karatA hai / tUM nagara meM nirbhaya hokara jA / ' padmAvatI dantapura meM sIdhI AryAoM ke upAzraya meM pahu~cI / AryA ke upadeza se saMsAra ko asAra samajhakara vairAgyapUrvaka vaha dIkSita ho gaI, lekina usane apane garbha kI bAta chipAkara rakhI thii| prasava hone para ratnakambala meM bAlaka ko nAmAMkita mudrikA sahita lapeTakara zmazAna meM rakha AI / zmazAna - pAlaka caNDAla ne bAlaka ko apanI patnI ko de diyaa| usane usakA 'avakarNika' nAma rakhA, kintu hAtha meM khujalI hone se usakA nAma 'karakaNDu' prasiddha huaa| sAdhvI padmAvatI putramohavaza use modakAdi bhI lAkara khilAtI thI / karakaNDu bar3A hokara zmazAna kI dekhabhAla karane lgaa| eka bAra vaMzajAla meM utpanna

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153 samayasundara kI racanAe~ daNDaratna ko dekhakara sAdhuoM ne lakar3I ke guNa-doSa prakaTa karate hue kahA ki isa lAThI ko jo grahaNa karegA, vaha rAjA bnegaa| karakaNDu aura eka brAhmaNaputra ne yaha rahasya suna liyaa| zmazAna meM paidA hone se usane brAhmaNaputra ko daNDa lene nahIM diyaa| kisI ne kahA ki yadi tuma rAjA bano, to eka gA~va ise bhI de denaa| usane yaha bAta mAna lI, lekina daNDaratna ke apaharaNa ke bhaya se vaha kaJcanapura bhAga aayaa| vahA~ ke rAjA kA nidhana ho gayA, vaha putrahIna thaa| ataH rAjA kI niyukti hetu paJca divya prakaTa hue| nagara ke bAhara soyA karakaNDu rAjyAbhiSikta huaa| nagara-praveza kI belA meM mAtaGga-jAti batAne se utpanna virodha daNDarala ke prabhAva se samApta ho gyaa| usa brAhmaNa kI icchAnusAra usane campAnagarI ke rAjA dadhivAhana ko likhA ki ise apanA eka gA~va de deM aura badale meM merA koI nagara le leN| dadhivAhana ne asvIkAra kara diyaa| ata: karakaNDu ne usa para car3hAI kara dii| sAdhvI padmAvatI ne Akara pitA-putra ke pArasparika sambandha ko batAkara yuddha ko rokaa| sabhI meM Ananda chA gyaa| bAda meM dadhivAhana karakaNDu ko rAjya dekara dIkSita ho gyaa| eka hRSTa-puSTa bachar3e ko kAlAntara meM jarAjIrNa dekhakara karakaNDu ke citta meM virakti ho gii| ghaTanA ke dvArA vaha svayaM pratibodha pAkara pratyeka-buddha huaa| loca kara, deva-pradatta muni-veSa dhAraNa kara saMyama kI sAdhanA karane lgaa| isI ke sAtha prathama khaNDa kA samApana ho jAtA hai| yaha khaNDa dasa DhAloM meM gumphita hai aura yaha khaNDa budhavAra, siddhiyoga, phAlgunamAsa, vi0 saM0 1664 meM AgarA meM pUrNa huA thaa|| dvitIya khaNDa meM kavi ne dUsare pratyeka-buddha ke sambandha meM likhA hai ki paMcAla deza meM kampilA nAmaka nagarI thii| vahA~ harikula-vaMza-ratna jaya nAmaka rAjA rAjya karatA thaa| usakI paTarAnI kA nAma guNamAlA thaa| eka bAra citrasabhA banAne ke lie bhUmi khodate samaya sarvaratnajar3ita eka pratApI mukuTa nikalA, jise mahotsavapUrvaka rAjA ne dhAraNa kiyaa| mukuTa meM rAjA ke do mu~ha/mukha dikhane se usakA nAma dumuha/dvimukha prakhyAta huaa| rAjA ke sAta putra hue aura yakSa kI ArAdhanA se eka putrI bhI huii| eka bAra ujjayanI-nareza caNDapradyota ne isa prabhAvaka mukuTa ke bAre meM sunaa| usane lobhavaza dvimukha se mukuTa maaNgaa| badale meM dvimukha ne bhI usase usake rAjya kI sArabhUta kucha cIjeM maaNgii| caNDapradyota krodhita ho gyaa| usane paMcAla deza para car3hAI kara dii| dvimukha mukuTa ke prabhAva se jIta gayA tathA use bandI banA liyaa| 1. yahA~ hameM kathAnaka meM yaha asaMgati dikhAI detI hai ki koI bhI mukuTa, dhAraka ke mukha ko pratibimbita nahIM kara sakatA, kyoMki pratibimbata karane ke lie usakA sammukha honA Avazyaka hai aura sammukha hone para darzaka ko dvimukha pratibimbana nahIM ho skegaa|

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154 mahopAdhyAya samayasundara : vyaktitva evaM kRtitva eka dina caNDapradyota ne dvimukha kI madanamaJjarI nAmaka kanyA ko dekhA aura vaha usapara anurakta ho gyaa| dvimukha ne donoM kA vivAha kara diyA aura use vidA kara diyaa| eka bAra indrotsava ke avasara para rAjA ke Adeza se nAgarikoM ne indra-dhvaja khar3A karake utsava mnaayaa| kucha dina bAda rAjA ne usI indradhvaja ko malamUtrAdi rUpa durgandhapUrNa sthala para par3A dekhaa| isase rAjA saMsAra se virakta ho gyaa| pratibodha pAkara pratyeka-buddha ho gyaa| zAsana-deva pradatta liMga grahaNa kara vaha pravrajita ho gayA aura saMyama pAlana karatA huA vicaraNa karane lgaa| kavi ne Rddhi, samRddhi, pudgala kI virasatA tathA vidyuta kI bhA~ti capalatA batAne ke lie yahA~ aneka vizruta vyaktiyoM ke udAharaNa diye haiN| isI ke sAtha dvitIya khaNDa kI samApti hotI hai| yaha khaNDa AgarA meM zukravAra, caitravadi 13, vi0 saM0 1664 meM pUrNa racA gyaa| tRtIya khaNDa meM samayasundara ne nami nAmaka tIsare pratyeka-buddha kA aGkana kiyA hai| 'uttarAdhyayana-niyukti' meM videha rAjya meM do nami hone kA ullekha milatA hai| donoM apane-apane rAjya kA tyAga kara zramaNa bne| antara itanA hI hai ki eka tIrthakara hue, dUsare prtyek-buddh| kavi ne isa khaNDa meM dUsare nami kA vivaraNa evaM paricaya diyA hai| avaMtI deza (Adhunika mAlavA) ke sudarzanapura nagara meM samrATa maNiratha rAjya karatA thaa| usakA kaniSTha bhAI jugabAhu thaa| jugabAhu/yugabAhu kI patnI madanarekhA lAvaNyavatI thii| kavi ne vahA~ aneka mahApuruSa saMyamiyoM ke kAmagrasta ho jAne kA ullekha kiyA hai| maNiratha bhI kAmAsakta ho gayA aura usane kapaTapUrvaka yugabAhu kI hatyA kara dii| madanarekhA usa samaya garbhavatI thii| zIlarakSA ke lie vaha jaMgala meM nikala gii| usane jaMgala meM eka putraratna ko janma diyaa| usa zizu ko mithilA kA rAjA padmaratha le gayA aura usakA nAma 'nami' rkhaa| idhara maNiprabha vidyAdhara ne madanarekhA ko apanI patnI banAnA caahaa| madanarekhA usake sAtha tIrthayAtrA karatI huI maNicUr3a nAmaka cAraNa muni ke pAsa gii| unhoMne maNiprabha ko upazAnta kiyaa| usane madanarekhA ko bahina rUpa meM mAnakara kSamAyAcanA kii| saMsAra ko sArazUnya samajha kara madanarekhA sAdhvI bana gii| padmaratha ke anagAra bana jAne para 'nami' mithilA kA rAjA bnaa| nami kA dhavala hAthI eka bAra unmatta hokara bhAgatA huA sudarzanapura jA phuNcaa| candrayaza rAjA ne use pakar3a liyaa| donoM meM yuddha hone lgaa| sAdhvI madanarekhA do bhrAtAoM ke madhya hone vAle yuddha ko rokane ke lie sudarzanapura aaii| usane donoM ke bhrAtR-sambandha kA rahasya prakaTa kiyaa| cAroM ora Ananda chA gyaa| bAda meM candrayaza ne muni-jIvana grahaNa kara liyaa| 1. uttarAdhyayananiyukti, gAthA 267

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samayasundara kI racanAe~ nami eka bAra cha: mAsa taka dAha-jvara kI vedanA se pIr3ita rhaa| upacAra claa| dAhajvara zAnta karane ke lie rAniyA~ svayaM candana ghisane lgiiN| unake hAthoM meM pahine hue kaMgaNa baja rahe the| unakI AvAja nami sahana nahIM kara ske| ataH rAniyoM ne saubhAgyasUcaka eka-eka kaMgaNa rakhA aura saba kaMgaNa utAra die| AvAja banda ho gii| isa ghaTanA ne rAjA kI manogati ko hI badala diyaa| rAjA ne pUchA - aba kaMgaNa kA zabda kyoM nahIM hotA? rAniyoM ne kahA - svAmin! kaMgaNoM ke gharSaNa kA zabda Apako apriya lagA, isalie hamane eka-eka kaMgaNa rakhakara zeSa utAra die| aba akelA kaMgaNa bhalA kahA~ se zabda kare? nami prabuddha ho gyaa| vaha vicArane lagA ki jahA~ aneka haiM, vahA~ saMgharSa hai, pIr3A hai| jahA~ eka hai, vahA~ pUrNa zAnti hai| udAtta jAgaraNa meM rAjA ko jAtismaraNa-jJAna ho gayA aura vaha pratibuddha hokara nirgrantha muni ho gyaa| Akasmika hI nami ko muni banate dekha indra parIkSA ke lie brAhmaNa rUpa dhAraNa kara aayaa| usane nami ko karttavya-bodha karAyA aura use lubhAne kA prayatna kiyA, lekina nami ne gaharI AdhyAtma kI bAteM kI, bheda-vijJAna kI carcA kI aura saMsAra kI asAratA kA use bodha diyaa| jaba indra ne use dekhA ki nami rAjarSi apane saMkalpa para aDiga hai, to usane apanA mUla svarUpa ujAgara kiyaa| unake guNoM kI prazaMsA karake vaha calA gyaa| idhara nami bhI vihAra karane lge| donoM meM jo praznottara hue, usake lie kavi ne batAyA ki yaha maiMne 'uttarAdhyayanasUtra' se uddhRta kie haiN| yaha tRtIya khaNDa kavi ne ugrasenapura meM rcaa| isameM 17 DhAleM haiN| isa khaNDa ke racanA-kAla kI sUcanA prApta nahIM hotI hai| caturtha khaNDa meM kavi samayasundara kahate haiM ki magadha deza ke puNDravarddhana nagara meM siMharatha rAjA rAjya karatA thaa| eka bAra rAjA eka naye azva para savAra hokara ghUmane niklaa| azva viparIta zikSita thaa| vaha rAjA ko bAraha yojana dUra le gyaa| vahA~ parvata para eka sapta maMjila mahala dekhakara rAjA usameM calA gyaa| vahA~ eka sundarI thii| donoM ke prema-tantu dRr3ha ho gye| donoM ne gandharva-vivAha kara liyaa| rAjA ne usase mahala meM akelI rahane kA kAraNa puuchaa| vaha bolI - eka bAra kSitrapratiSTha (kSitipratiSThita) nagara ke rAjA ne rAja-sabhA meM citrAMkana ke lie citrakAroM ko samAna bhittikhaNDa bA~Ta die| usameM citrAMgada nAma kA eka vRddha citrakAra bhI thaa| eka bAra usakI putrI kanakamaJjarI usake lie bhojana lA rahI thii| mArga meM usane eka azvArohI ko janasaMkula meM se azva daur3Ate dekhaa| citrAMgada bhojana AyA dekha zauca ke lie jaMgala calA gyaa| kanakamaJjarI ne pIche se eka mayUra-citra banA diyaa| rAjA nirIkSaNArtha aayaa| usane mayUra ke hUbahU citra ko mayUra samajha pakar3anA caahaa| kanakamaJjarI ne kahA- tIna pAyoMvAlA palaMga gira jAtA hai, aba cauthA pAyA mila gyaa|

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156 mahopAdhyAya samayasundara : vyaktitva evaM kRtitva rAjA ne isakA artha pUchA / vaha bolI, 'bhIr3a hone para bhI ghor3A daur3Ane kI mUrkhatA, garma bhojana lAne ke bAda zaucAlaya jAne kI mUrkhatA, vRddha pitA ko anya yuvA citrakAroM kI barAbarI kA bhitticitra banAne ke lie dene kI citrazAlA ke adhikArI kI mUrkhatA, makAna meM citrita mora ko pakar3ane kI rAjA kI mUrkhatA - ye cAra pAye hue|' rAjA, kanakamaJjarI ke vAkcAturya para mugdha ho gyaa| rAjA ne usase zAdI kara lii| vaha pratidina Azcarya meM DAlane vAlI adhUrI kahAnI sunAtI aura agale dina use pUrA krtii| rAjA usakI kahAnI sunane pratidina usI ke mahala meM aataa| (kavi ne ina bauddhika kathAoM meM bahuta hI lAlitya bharA hai|) aise chaH mAsa vyatIta ho gye| anya rAniyoM ne IrSyAvaza rAjA ko bhar3akA diyA, lekina rAjA ne yathArtha sthiti jAnI aura vaha usase itanA adhika prabhAvita huA ki usane use apanI paTarAnI banA diyaa| vaha zrAvikA-dharma kA pAlana karatI huI marakara devI huii| vahA~ se cyuta hokara toraNapura-nareza dRr3hazakti kI kanakamAlA nAmaka lar3akI huI, jisakA taruNAvasthA meM vidyAdhara vAsava ne apaharaNa kara liyA aura parvata para mahala vikurvita kara usase vivAha karanA caahaa| kanakamAlA ke bhAI kanakateja se usakA yuddha huA, jisameM donoM mara gye| dRr3hazakti vidyAdhara putra-putrI kA sandhAna karate hue jaba pahu~cA, to eka vANa-vyantara deva ne sabako mRtaka dikhA diyaa| rAjA virakta ho pravrajita ho gyaa| usI deva ne kanakamAlA ko batAyA thA ki jo viparIta zikSita azva para ArUr3ha hokara yahA~ AyegA, vaha terA pati hogaa| maiM vahI kanakamAlA huuN| deva bhI isI mahala meM rahatA hai| devavANI-anusAra Apane mujhase vivAha kiyaa| rAjA ne utsava-sahita nagara-praveza kiyaa| vaha hara pA~caveM dina usa naga-parvata para jAtA, jisase usakA nAma naga-gaI-naggati ho gyaa| rAjA ne deva ke kahane se vahA~ jinAlayAdi bhI bnaaye| eka dina rAjA parikara ke sAtha paryaTana hetu niklaa| usane eka AmravRkSa se eka Ama tor3a liyaa| rAjA kI dekhA-dekhI sabhI ne Ama aura patte taka tor3a ddaale| vApasa lauTate samaya rAjA ne vahA~ ThUTha mAtra dekhaa| rAjA prabuddha ho gyaa| usane socA, jaba taka Rddhi-samRddhi hai, tabhI taka zobhA hai aura Rddhi caMcala hai| isa prakAra se cintana karate hue vaha tatkAla pratyeka-buddha muni ho gyaa| ye cAroM pratyeka-buddha vicaraNa karate hae kSiti-pratiSThita nagara meM aae| vahA~ cAra dvAroMvAlA eka devakula thaa| karakaNDu pUrva dizA ke dvAra se praviSTa huA, dvimukha dakSiNa dvAra se, nami pazcima dvAra se evaM naggati uttara dvAra se| yakSadeva ne yaha socakara ki maiM sAdhuoM ko pITha dekara kaise baiThU, apane ko caturmukha kara liyaa| karakaNDu khujalI se pIr3ita thaa| usane eka kaNDUyana se kAna meM khujalI karake use apane pAsa rakhakara chupA liyaa| yaha dekha dvimukha ne kahA - mune! apanA anta:pura

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samayasundara kI racanAe~ 157 rAjya Adi tyAgakara isakA saMcaya kyoM karate ho? yaha sunate hI karakaNDa ke uttara dene se pUrva hI nami ne kahA- muni! Apake rAjya meM Apake aneka AjJApAlaka the| Apa dUsaroM ko daNDa dete aura parAbhava karate the| isa kArya ko chor3a Apa muni bane haiM, to Apa dUsaroM ke doSa kyoM dekha rahe haiM? yaha suna naggati bolA- jo mokSArthI haiM, ve dUsaroM kI gardA kaise kareMge? taba karakaNDu ne kahA - nami, dvimukha aura naggati ne jo kucha kahA hai, vaha ahita kA nivAraNa karane ke lie hai| ata: vaha doSa nahIM hai| cAroM nirabhimAnI the| cAroM ne yaha bAta maanii| antima AThavIM DhAla meM kavi cAroM pratyeka-buddhoM ke guNoM kI prazaMsA karatA hai| jo bAta 'uttarAdhyayana niyukti meM kahI gaI hai, vahI bAta kavi ne bhI kahI hai ki ina cAroM pratyeka-buddhoM ke jIva eka sAtha puSpottara deva-vimAna se cyuta hue the| cAroM ne eka sAtha pravrajyA lii| eka hI samaya meM pratyekabuddha hue, eka hI samaya meM kevalI bane aura eka hI samaya meM siddha hue| caturtha khaNDa meM 9 DhAla haiN| isakI racanA AgarA meM jyeSTha-pUrNimA, vi0 saM0 1665 meM tIrthaGkara vimalanAtha ke prasAda se aura kuzalasUrIndra ke sAnidhya meM sampUrNa huii| isa grantha kA praNayana kavi ne nAgar3a gotrIya saMghanAyaka sUrazAha ke Agraha se kiyA thaa| cAra pratyeka-buddha-caupAI kA AnandakAvya-mahodadhi se sAtaveM bhAga meM sampAdana kiyA gayA hai| isa grantha kA sampAdana muni sampatavijaya ne kiyA hai aura prakAzana seTha devacanda lAlabhAI jaina pustakoddhAra-phaNDa, mumbaI ne| 4.1.3 mRgaavtii-critr-caupaaii| __kavivara samayasundara ke rAsa-caupAI-sAhitya meM 'mRgAvatIcaritra-caupAI' bhI eka mahattvapUrNa kRti hai| isa kRti kI racanA kavi ne vi0 saM0 1668 meM sindha-prAnta ke antargata mulatAnanagara meM jaisalamerI zrAvaka karamacanda rIhar3a ke Agraha se kI thii| kavi ne isa caupAI kA apara nAma 'mohanavela' diyA hai| kavi ne likhA hai - solasaI aThasaTA varaSa huI caupaI ghaNe haraSe be| mRgAvatI caritra kahyA trihuM khaMDe ghaNe ANanda ghamanDe be| jANa zrAvaka te jaisalamerA, marama lahaI dhrama kerA be| karamacanda rIhar3a jANItA, sAhe sadA vadItA be|| tasu Agraha kari jo grantha kIdhA, nAma mohaNavela dIdhA be|| 1. uttarAdhyayana-niyukti, gAthA 270 2. mRgAvatI-caritra-caupAI (3.12.26-27) 3. vahI, (3.12.9-11)

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mahopAdhyAya samayasundara : vyaktitva evaM kRtitva I kavi ne isa caupAI kI kathAvastu ke lie mRgAvatI ke jaina paramparAgata aitihAsika caritra ko grahaNa kiyA hai / kavi ne isa caupAI kI racanA tIna khaNDoM ke antargata 38 DhAloM meM kI hai| prathama khaNDa meM 13 DhAleM, dvitIya khaNDa meM 13 DhAleM aura tRtIya khaNDa meM 12 DhAleM- kula 745 gAthAyeM haiN| isa caupAI meM eka DhAla sindhI bhASA meM racita hai aura zeSa samasta DhAleM prAcIna hindI meM / 158 prathama khaNDa meM kavi ne sarasvatI evaM sadguru ko namaskAra karate hue zIla kA mAhAtmya prastuta kiyA hai / tatpazcAt satI mRgAvatI kA caritra prArambha hotA hai| satI mRgAvatI vatsa deza meM kauzAmbI nagara ke rAjA zatAnIka kI paTarAnI thI / rAjA nyAyapriya aura zUravIra thA, to usakI rAnI bhI zIlavatI, guNavatI aura ananya sundarI thii| rAjA kA mantrI jugandhara svAmibhakta evaM rAjakAryoM meM pravINa thA / rAnI mRgAvatI vaizAlIpati ceDI mahArAja kI putrI thii| eka bAra vaha garbhavatI huii| use rudhira se paripUrNa vApI meM snAna karane kA dohada utpanna huA / mantrI ne dohadapUrti hetu pAnI meM kusumbA ghulavA diyaa| mRgAvatI usa raktavarNI pAnI meM snAna karane lgii| snAna se nivRtta ho, rAnI jaise hI vApI se bAhara AyI, usI samaya eka bhAraNDa pakSI use lAla mAMsa-piNDa samajha kara paJjoM se pakar3akara ur3a gyaa| sarvatra rAnI kI khoja kI gaI, parantu caudaha varSa taka rAnI kA koI patA na lagA / ratna eka dina rAjA zatAnIka ke pAsa do vyakti Aye aura unhoMne rAjA ko eka -jar3ita nAmAGkita kaGkaNa diyA / rAjA ne mRgAvatI ke isa kaMkaNa ko pahacAna liyA aura usake bAre meM unase pUchatAcha kii| ve rAjA ko kaGkaNa ke prApti-sthAna para le gaye / rAjA jaMgala meM tApasAzrama meM gyaa| vahA~ usakA apane putra udayana aura priyA rAnI mRgAvatI se milana huaa| pramukha tApasa vizvabhUti aura brahmabhUti se AzIrvAda prApta kara utsavasahita kauzAmbI meM praveza kiyaa| yahA~ mRgAvatI - caritra - caupAI kA pahalA khaNDa samApta ho jAtA hai| dvitIya khaNDa ke prArambha meM kavi ne jinakuzalasUri ko vandana kara kathA kA vistAra kiyA hai / kavi ne likhA hai ki zatAnIka aura mRgAvatI saparivAra dharmayukta sukhapUrvaka jIvana vyatIta kara rahe the| eka dina eka nipuNa vINA vAdaka ne anupama DhaMga se apanI kalA kA pradarzana kiyA, kintu udayana ne usameM kamiyA~ batA diiN| rAjA ke pUchane para udayana ne apane saMgIta - jJAna kI prApti kA vistRta vRttAnta batAyA aura kahA ki yaha jJAna mujhe apane pUrvabhava ke mitra maharddhika deva dvArA prApta huA thA / eka bAra sabhAsadoM ke parAmarza se rAjA ne rAjamahala meM kalAtmaka citraNa krvaayaa| eka citrakAra ne mRgAvatI ke aMgUThe mAtra ko dekhakara sampUrNa zarIra kA citra banA diyA / rAjA usase bahuta prabhAvita huA, lekina jaMghA para cihnita tila ko dekhakara rAjA

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samayasundara kI racanAe~ 159 ne use rAnI para durAcArI hone kA Aropa lgaayaa| citrakAra ne isa citra-kalA kA rahasya prakaTa kiyA aura kahA ki maiMne yaha kalA eka yakSa kI kRpA se sIkhI thI, kintu rAjA ne krodhAveza meM usakA dAhinA hAtha kaTavA diyaa| citrakAra ne punaH yakSa-mandira meM yakSa se bAyeM hAtha se bhI pUrvavat citra banAne kA varadAna maaNgaa| niraparAdha daNDa kA pratizodha lene ke lie usane ujjayinI ke rAjA caNDapradyotana ko mRgAvatI kA citra bheMTa kiyaa| rAjA ne mRgAvatI ko prApta karane ke lie dUta ko bhejA aura kauzAmbI para car3hAI kara dii| mRgAvatI apane rUpa ko dhikkArane lagI, to rAjA apane ajJAnavaza hue krodha ko; jisake kAraNa yuddha kI sthiti A gii| rAjA para atisAra-roga kA prakopa ho gayA aura usane samAdhi-maraNa ko prApta kiyaa| isI ke sAtha dUsare khaNDa kA samApana ho jAtA hai| tRtIya khaNDa ke Arambha meM kavi ne zrI jinadattasUri kI stuti kI hai| tatpazcAt kathA ko punaH Age bar3hAyA hai| mRgAvatI ne caNDapradyotana se kahA ki mere pati kA abhI dehAnta ho gayA hai; ata: eka varSa ke bAda maiM ApakI jJAnA mAnane ko prastuta huuN| taba taka Apa mere putra ke lie sudRr3ha kilA Adi banavA dIjiye, tAki usakA bhaviSya surakSita rhe| rAnI kI cAla saphala ho gii| eka varSa bAda mRgAvatI ne apane ko samartha jAnakara use yaha spaSTa kaha diyA ki nAgamaNi kI bhA~ti satI kA zIla koI khaMDita nahIM kara sktaa| usI samaya bhagavAn mahAvIra kauzAmbI meM pdhaare| unake pravacana ko sunane ke lie caNDapradyotana sasainya aura mRgAvatI samasta nAgarikoM ke sAtha gyii| bhagavAn ke pravacana se pratibuddha ho, mRgAvatI vairAgya jAgRta hone se dIkSA lekara sAdhvI bana gyii| bhagavAn ne ise pravartinI candanabAlA kI ziSyA bnaayaa| eka dina sUryAsta ho jAne para bhI bhagavAna kI sabhA meM adhika samaya ruka jAne ke kAraNa guruvaryA candanabAlA dvArA upAlambha milane para mRgAvatI ne atipazcAtApa aura AlocanA kI, jisake kAraNa use kevala jJAna prApta huaa| guru kI apekSA ziSyA ko zIghra parama jJAna kI prApti kA samAcAra sunakara usane mRgAvatI ko namaskAra kiyA aura svayaM bhI Atma-nindA karane lagI; phalasvarUpa guruNI candanabAlA ko bhI kevalajJAna prApta ho gyaa| sAmAnyatayA jaise jaina-kathAoM meM kathAnAyaka yA kathAnAyikA ke nirvANa-prApti ke prasaMga se kathA kA samApana hotA hai, vaise hI yahA~ bhI mRgAvatI ke nirvANa ke prasaMga ke sAtha kathA kA samApana huA hai| uparyukta caupAI kI hastalikhita pANDulipi abhaya jaina granthAlaya, bIkAnera meM hai| yaha kRti nAhaTA-bandhuoM evaM DA0 ramaNalAla cI0 zAha ke sampAdakatva meM gurjara grantharatna kAryAlaya, ahamadAbAda se prakAzita huI hai| 4.1.4 siMhalasuta/priyamelakatIrtha-caupAI manuSya AdikAla se hI kathA-sAhitya ke prati AkarSita rahA hai| isIlie

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160 mahopAdhyAya samayasundara : vyaktitva evaM kRtitva siMhalasuta kI kahAnI bhI loka-kathAoM meM suprasiddha hai aura isakI aneka sacitra hastalikhita pANDulipiyA~ bhI prApta haiN| siMhalasuta para racita kRtiyoM meM kavipravara samayasundara racita kRti atyadhika lokapriya hai| isakI bhASA sarala tathA prasAdaguNayukta hai| isa caupAI kI racanA vi0 saM0 1672 meM mer3atA nagara meM huI thii| zrAvaka jaisalamerI jhAbaka kacarA ke mulatAna meM kiye gaye Agraha se kavi kI pravRtti isa racanA meM huI thii| kavi ne isI tathya kA ullekha isa prakAra kiyA hai - saMvata sola bahuttari samai re, mer3atA nagara mjhaar| priyamelaka tIratha caupaI re, kIdhI dAna adhikAra / / kacarau jhAbaka kautakI re, jaisalamerI jaann| catura jor3AvI jiNae caupaI re, mUla Agraha mulatANa // 1 siMhalasuta/priyamelakatIrtha-caupAI kI hastalikhita pratiyoM meM eka prati abhaya jaina granthAlaya, bIkAnera meM upalabdha hai, jo sAdhvI campA ke dvArA kArtika kRSNA 6, saM0 1672 meM likhI gii| isase anumAna kiyA jA sakatA hai ki kavi ne usI varSAvAsa meM yaha racanA racI hogii| yadyapi prastuta kRti kA pUrA nAma 'dAnAdhikAre priyamelaka tIrtha-prabandhe siMhalasuta caupaI hai', lekina saMkSepa meM ise 'siMhalasuta-caupAI' athavA 'siMhalasuta priyamelaka tIrtha caupAI' kahA jAtA hai aura isI nAma se isa kRti kI prasiddhi hai| yaha caupAI 11 DhAla, 230 gAthAe~ arthAt 305 granthAgrantha meM likhita hai| isakA prakAzana zrI bhaMvalalAla nAhaTA ke sampAdakatva meM sAdUla rAjasthAnI risarca insTITyUTa, bIkAnera dvArA huA hai| kRti kI viSayavastu kA sAra nimnAMkita hai - siMhaladvIpa ke rAjA siMhala kI rAnI siMhalI kA putra siMhalasiMha zUravIra, guNavAn evaM puNyAtmA thaa| eka bAra vasanta Rtu meM upavana meM paurajana krIr3A kara rahe the| eka jaMgalI hAthI unmatta hokara udhara AyA aura krIr3Arata nagaraseTha dhanadatta kI putrI dhanavatI ko sUNDa meM uThAkara bhAgane lgaa| siMhalasiMha ne buddhi aura yuktipUrvaka use chur3A diyaa| donoM meM prema ho gayA aura seTha tathA rAjA ne unakA vivAha karavA diyaa| donoM sukhapUrvaka kAla-nirgamana karane lge| rAjakumAra jisa galI meM gamana karatA, usake saundarya para nagara-vanitAe~ mugdha ho jaatiiN| ve apanA gRhakAryAdi chor3a pIche-pIche ghUmane lgtiiN| nAgarikoM kI yaha zikAyata 1. samayasundara-rAsapaMcaka, priyamelaka-tIrtha-prabandha-siMhalasuta-caupAI (11.2-3) 2. samayasundara ne 'siMhalasiMha, siMghalakumAra' aura 'siMhalasuta' - tInoM nAmoM kA prayoga kiyA hai| .

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samayasundara kI racanAe~ 161 hone se rAjA ne siMhalasiMha ko nagara-vIthikAoM meM krIr3A-keli karanA sarvathA niSiddha kara diyaa| kumAra ne tiraskRta ho bhAgya-parIkSA ke nimitta eka dina sapatnI naukA para ArUr3ha hokara anyadvIpa ke liye prayANa kara diyaa| tUphAna meM naukA TUTa gii| dhanavatI kASThaphalaka ke mAdhyama se tairatI huI samudra-taTa para A gii| eka vRddhA se nagara kA nAma pUchane para usane batAyA ki yaha kusumapura nagara kA priyamelaka tIrtha hai / yahA~ jo strI maunatapapUrvaka zaraNa lekara baiThatI hai, usake bichur3e hue pati kA milApa nizcita hotA hai| dhanavatI ne abhigraha grahaNa kara mauna-tapa Arambha kara diyA aura vahA~ zaraNa le lii| siMhalakumAra bhI eka bar3e kASTha ke sahAre eka taTa para phuNcaa| vahA~ ratnapura nagara ke rAjA ratnaprabha kI rAnI ratnasundarI kI AtmajA ratnavatI ko sarpa kATa khaayaa| siMghalakumAra ne apanI mudrikA ko jala meM sparza karake usa para chir3akA aura use nirviSa kara diyaa| rAjA ne kumAra ke sAtha apanI putrI kA pANigrahaNa karA diyA, kintu kumAra brahmacarya vrata kA pAlana kara rahA thaa| rAjA ne rudra purohita ke sAtha isa nava-dampatti ko bhArI daheja dekara jahAja meM vidA kiyaa| kAmAMdha purohita ne kumAra ko sAgara meM dhakela diyaa| (zrI pAlarAsa grantha meM bhI isI taraha kAmAndha dhavala seTha, zrIpAla ko samudra meM girAtA hai|) rAjakumArI ne duSTa purohita kA yaha kukRtya jAna liyaa| kumArI ne yuktipUrvaka vahA~ se kASThatakhta ke sahAre sindhu-taTa prApta kara liyaa| priyamelaka-tIrtha kA bheda jJAta kara ratnavatI ne bhI vahA~ zaraNa lii| purohita ne apanI buddhi se kusumapura Akara rAjA kA mantripada prApta kara liyaa| siMhalakumAra ko girate hue kisI deva ne grahaNa kara eka tApasAzrama meM pahu~cA diyaa| tApasa ne apanI rUpavatI nAmaka putrI se usakA vivAha karA diyaa| karamocana ke samaya kumAra ko eka adbhuta kaMthA - jo pratidina khaMkherane para sau rupaye detI thI aura eka AkAza-gAminI khaTolI bhI dii| khaTolI ne dampatti ko kusumapura phuNcaayaa| rUpaMvatI ko pyAsa lagane para kumAra kUpa para jAkara pAnI nikAlane lgaa| kUpa meM se eka bhujaGga ne mAnavIya bhASA meM bAhara nikAlane kI prArthanA kii| kumAra dvArA use bAhara nikAlate hI usane kumAra ko kATa khAyA, jisase kumAra kubjA tathA kurUpa ho gyaa| sAMpa kahatA hai - kumAra! yaha rUpa tumheM lAbhadAyaka hogaa| (yaha ghaTanA anAyAsa hI nalopAkhyAna kI smRti dilAtI hai|) kumAra ne usI rUpa meM patnI ko pAnI pIne ko diyaa| usane pati ko kubjerUpa meM nahIM pahacAnA aura pITha phera lii| Akhira pati ko na pAkara vaha bhI pati-prApti hetu pUrva zaraNAgata taruNiyoM ke pAsa jAkara mauna-tapasyA karane lgii| tInoM rUpavatI mahilAoM ke mauna-tapa kI prasiddhi nagara meM sarvatra phaila gyii| ataH rAjA ke mana meM unheM bolavAne kI utsukatA jgii| rAjA ne nagara meM DhiMDhorA piTavAyA ki jo ina tapasvinI sundariyoM kA mauna-bhaMga karegA, use rAjakanyA milegii|

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162 mahopAdhyAya samayasundara : vyaktitva evaM kRtitva vAmana rUpa meM siMhalakumAra ne paTaha sunaa| vAmana tInoM yuvatiyoM ke pati ke sAtha ghaTita ghaTanAoM Adi kI thor3I-sI kathA kahakara zeSa kathA dUsare dina para sthagita kara detA thaa| Age kI bAta sunane kI jijJAsA se kramaza: tInoM striyA~ bola utthiiN| rAjA ne apane vacana ke anusAra rAjakumArI kA usase vivAha kara diyaa| vahA~ deva ne usakA asalI rUpa de diyaa| saba meM Ananda chA gyaa| kumAra ne deva se pUchA - tuma kauna ho aura niSkAma merA upakAra kaise kiyA? deva ne kahA- maiM nAgakumAra deva hU~, terI samasta ApadAoM ko maiMne hI dUra kiyA hai| deva ne usakA pUrva bhava batAyA aura kahA ki tumhAre pUrva bhava ke kRta dharma-dAna Adi se tumhAre puNya prabala haiM, sAtha hI tumase merA sneha hai| tumheM kurUpa vAmana karane kA merA uddezya thA ki yaha purohita tumheM pahacAna kara mArane kA SaDayantra na rce| pUrvabhava sunane se kumAra ko jAtismaraNa ho gyaa| rAjA ne purohita ko mArane kI AjJA dI, parantu kRpAlu kumAra ne use chur3A diyaa| kumAra cAroM patnI-sahita mAtA-pitA ke pAsa ur3anakhaTolI se phuNcaa| sabakA viyoga dUra huaa| rAjA kumAra ko apane siMhAsana para abhiSikta kara svayaM dIkSita ho gyaa| siMhalakumAra ne dinoMdina adhikAdhika dharma-dhyAna karate hue zrAvaka-dharma kA pAlana kiyA tathA anta meM samAdhipUrvaka marakara saudharma devaloka meM utpanna huaa| bhaviSya meM vaha mokSapada prApta kregaa| prastuta kathAnaka kI aitihAsikatA batAne ke lie hameM isakA koI ullekhanIya pramANa prApta nahIM huA hai| mohanalAla dalIcanda desAI ne prastuta rAsa ke kathAnaka ko kavi dvArA kalpita mAnA hai| hameM lagatA hai ki yaha kathAnaka yA to kavi-kalpita hai athavA tatkAlIna pracalita koI lokakathA hai| 4.1.5 puNyasAgara-caritra-caupAI kavivarya samayasundara ne isa grantha kA praNayana kisI prAcIna anya kavi ke dvArA viracita 'zAntinAtha-caritra' ke AdhAra para kiyA hai| isa bAta kA ullekha svayaM kavi ne hI kiyA hai| isakA racanA-kAla vikrama saM0 1673 kA bhAdra mAsa hai| ve svayaM likhate haiM - zAntinAtha jina solamau, tasu carita cusaal| e maI tihAM thI Udharyau, sambandha visaal|| samvat sola tihuttarai, bhara bhAdava maas| e adhikAra pUrau karyau, samayasundara sukhavAsa // 2 isameM 15 DhAla haiN| pratyeka DhAla ke pUrva meM dohA-soraThA Adi kA bhI prayoga kiyA gayA hai| samasta sAmagrI 301 zloka-parimANa hai| isakI hastalikhita pANDulipi 1. dekheM - jaina sAhitya saMzodhaka, khaNDa 2, aMka 3, pRSTha 25 2. puNyasAra-caritra-caupAI (15.10-11)

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samayasundara kI racanAe~ 163 zrI abhaya jaina granthAlaya, bIkAnera meM upalabdha hai| sAdUla rAjasthAnI risarca insTITyUTa, bIkAnera dvArA prakAzita tathA zrI bhaMvaralAla nAhaTA dvArA sampAdita samayasundara-rAsapaJcaka meM isako saMgrahIta kiyA gayA hai| __ samayasundara ne caupAI ke Arambha meM maMgalAcaraNa kiyA hai| tatpazcAt likhate haiM ki gopAcala (gvAliyara) meM purandara nAmaka seTha rahatA thaa| puNyazrI usakI patnI thii| bahuta samaya taka unake koI putra nahIM huaa| anta meM kuladevI kI ArAdhanA se unake eka putraratna kA janma huA, jisakA nAma puNyasAra rakhA gyaa| eka bAra vidyAlaya meM puNyasAra aura ratnavatI meM vivAda ho gyaa| ratnavatI ne puruSa kI nindA kI, to puNyasAra ne usI se vivAha karane kA nirNaya kiyaa| puNyasAra ke haTha ke kAraNa usakA pitA ratnavatI ke pitA ratnasAra ke pAsa gyaa| ratnasAra ne saharSa svIkRti de dI, lekina ratnavatI ne puNyasAra se vivAha karane ko asvIkAra kara diyaa| puNyasAra ne apanA bhaviSya anukUla banAne ke lie kuladevI kI upAsanA kii| kuladevI ne use usakA manovAMchita siddha hone kA vara diyaa| eka dina puNyasAra jue meM dharohara rUpa rakhA rAnI kA hAra hAra gyaa| tadartha pitA ne use ghara se nikAla diyaa| rAtri bitAne ke liye vaha vaTavRkSa ke koTara meM baiTha gyaa| puNyazrI ke upAlambha sunakara seTha putra ko khojane niklaa| vaTavRkSa para baiThI do deviyoM ne kautuka dekhane ke liye vaTavRkSa sahita ur3akara vallabhI nagarI ke lie prasthAna kiyaa| vahA~ puNyasAra kA sundara seTha kI sAta putriyoM se pANigrahaNa huaa| zarIra cintA-nivAraNa ke nimitta se puNyasAra mahala se nIce AyA aura khar3iyA miTTI se tatkAla nimnokta dohA tathA zloka likha diyA - kihA~ gopAcala kihA~ valahi, kihA~ lambodara deva / Avyo beTo vihi vasahi, gayo sattavi prnnev|| gopAcalapurA dAgA~, vallabhyAM niyatervazAta / pariNIya vadhu sapta, punartatra gatosmyahaM // 1 yaha likhakara vaha jahA~ vaTapRkSa thA, vahA~ Akara koTara meM baiTha gyaa| deviyA~ AIM aura vaTavRkSa ko ur3Akara apane sthAna meM lAkara rakha diyaa| purandara seTha putra kI khoja karatA huA thakakara vaTavRkSa ke nIce A baiThA thaa| sUryodaya hone para puNyasAra koTara se niklaa| pitA-putra mile| paraspara apane aparAdhoM kI kSamA-yAcanA kI aura rAtri kA sArA vRttAnta jJAta kiyaa| puNyasAra ne dyUta-vyasana chor3a diyaa| 1. puNyasAra-caritra-caupAI (DhAla 9 se pUrva dUhA 7-8)

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164 mahopAdhyAya samayasundara : vyaktitva evaM kRtitva udhara sAtoM bahineM pati-viraha meM rone lgiiN| guNasundarI ne nIce jAkara dIvAra para likhita abhilekha ko par3hA aura pati-paricaya kA anveSaNa pA liyaa| usane pitA se puruSa-poSAka lekara cha: mAha meM pati-prApti kI pratijJA kara vidA lii| vaha gopAcala meM guNasundara kumAra ke nAma se udyoga karane lagI aura saphala vyavasAyI ke rUpa meM khyAti arjita kara lii| eka dina ratnavatI usa para mugdha ho gii| ayogya sambandha hote hue bhI ratnasAra ke atyadhika Agraha se use usase vivAha karanA pdd'aa| jaba puNyasAra AtmahatyA karane lagA, to devI ne bhAvI vidhAna dekhane ko khaa| cha: mAsa bIta jAne para eka dina guNasundarI agni-praveza karane lgii| sArA nagara isake lie cintAtura huaa| rAjA svayaM aayaa| usane puNyasAra ko ise samajhAne ke liye khaa| donoM ne apanI viyoga-ghaTanA khii| donoM mila gye| ratnavatI bhI puNyasAra ko sahaja hI mila gii| vaha ATha rAniyoM sahita sAnanda kAla-nirgamana karane lgaa| ekadA jJAnasAgara nAmaka jJAnI muni gopAcalapura aae| purandara seTha ne puNyasAra kA pUrvabhava pUchA, jise sunakara usane puNyasAra ko gRhabhAra sauMpA aura pravrajita ho gyaa| puNyasAra ne bhI zrAvaka-dharma kA pAlana karate hue anta meM jina-dIkSA aGgIkAra kI aura samAdhi-maraNa prApta kiyaa| prastuta kathA para vivekasamudragaNi', ajitaprabhasUri tathA bhavacanda racita kRtiyA~ bhI prApta hotI haiM, jo ki saMskRta meM haiN| 4.1.6 naladavadantI-rAsa ___'naladavadantI-rAsa' kavipravara samayasundara kI padyabaddha bhASA-kRtiyoM meM pramukha kRti hai| isa racanA ke praNayana ke liye rAyamala golachA ke putra netasI kA kavivara ko Agraha thaa| racanA ke anta meM kavi ne isakA nirdeza kiyA hai - uvajhAya ima kahai samayasundara, kIyaU Agraha netsii| caupaI naladavadantI kerI, catura mANasa citvsii|| kavi ne chaH khaNDoM meM vibhakta isa grantha kI racanA vi.saM. 1673 meM mer3atA (rAjasthAna-prAnta) nagara meM kI thii| isa kRti kI samApti para isakI tithi kA tathA racanAsthala kA ullekha isa prakAra kiyA hai - 1. jinadattasUri jJAna-bhaNDAra-kAryavAhaka TrasTa, sUrata se vi0 saM0 2001 meM prkaashit| 2. jinaratnakoza, pRSTha 251 3. hIrAlAla haMsarAja, jAmanagara se san 1925 meM prkaashit| 4. naladavadantI rAsa (6.10.3)

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165 samayasundara kI racanAe~ saMvata sola tihuttaraI, mAsa basaMta aannNd| . nagara manohara meDataU, tihA~ vAsupUjya jiNaMda // 1 kavi kI isa racanA ke samasAmayika hI anya kaviyoM ne bhI nala-davadantI-rAsa kA praNayana kiyA hai, jinameM vi.saM. 1664 meM megharAjakRta, vi.saM. 1665 meM nayasundara kRta tathA vi.saM. 1664 meM nArAyaNa kRta naladavadantI (damayantI) rAsa milate haiM; parantu uparyukta racanAoM kI Alekhana-paddhati Adi kA sAmAnya prabhAva bhI kavi samayasundara para nahIM par3A hai|haaN! kathAvastu kA AdhAra kavi ne pUrvavartI sAhitya ke 'pANDava-caritra' evaM 'nemicaritra' se avazya liyA hai, jaisA ki kavi ne svayaM likhA hai - pAMDavanemicaritra ho, e adhikAra tihAM thI ughryuu| caMcala kaviaNa citta ho, kaviyaNa kerI kihA~ kavi cAturI // 2 kavi ke isa grantha kA parimANa lagabhaga 1307 zloka-pramANa hai| prastuta grantha kI bhASA prAcIna rAjasthAnI-gujarAtI hai| yaha kRti sarala, subodha, AhlAdadAyaka evaM kAvya-rasa se paripUrNa hai| abhI taka kI zodha se isa racanA kI cha: pratiyA~ muni puNyavijaya, DaoN. ramaNalAla cI. zAha Adi ko prApta huI haiN| DaoN. ramaNalAla cI. zAha ne vibhinna pratiyoM ke pAThAntaroM kA nirdeza karate hue bhArataprakAzana, ahamadAbAda se gujarAtI-lipi meM ise prakAzita kiyA hai| bhAratIya sahitya meM nala-damayantI kI kathA prAcInakAla se pracalita hai| 'mahAbhArata', 'zrIharSacaritra', 'naiSadhIyacarita', 'nalacampU', 'nalodaya', 'nalaabhyudayakAvya' Adi meM nala-damayantI kI kathA varNita hai| jaina-paramparA meM bhI 'vRhatkathA', 'vasudeva hiNDI','kathAsaritasAgara', 'triSaSThizalAkA-puruSa', 'nalavilAsa nATaka' 'pANDavacaritra' Adi granthoM meM nala-damayantI kI kathA pAI jAtI hai| apabhraMza aura prAcIna hindI jaina sAhitya meM bhI nala-damayantI kI kathA upalabdha hotI hai| vivecya kavi ke nala-davadantI rAsa' ke kathAnaka kA mukhya AdhAra bhI jaina-paramparA meM racita prAkRta, saMskRta aura apabhraMza kathA-sAhitya hI hai| prastuta kRti 'naladavadantI rAsa' ke prathama khaNDa ke prArambha meM kavi ne sImandhara svAmI, tIrthaGkaroM, kevalajJAniyoM, gaNadharoM, sAdhuoM aura svayaM ke guru tathA sarasvatI ko namana karake kathA kA Arambha kiyA hai| kavi ne ayodhyA nagarI kI zobhA kA varNana karate hue vahA~ ke rAjA niSadha ke nala aura kUbara nAmaka do putroM kA ullekha kiyA hai| inameM nala tejasvI aura udAtta thaa| 1. vahI (6.10) 2. vahI (6.9.14)

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mahopAdhyAya samayasundara : vyaktitva evaM kRtitva eka dina vidarbha deza ke adhipati bhIma rAjA ne apanI putrI davadantI (dayayaMtI) ke svayaMvara hetu niSadha rAjA ko dUta dvArA AmantraNa bhejaa| ataH niSadha rAjA apane donoM putroM ko lekara kuNDinapura gaye, jahA~ unakA pUrNa svAgata huaa| davadantI ke svayaMvara ke lie bhIma rAjA ne ati sundara maNDapa kI racanA kI thii| aneka deza ke rAjA upasthita the, lekina davadantI ne nala ke gale meM varamAlA pahanAI aura dhUmadhAma ke sAtha donoM kA vivAha huaa| putrI-vidA ke samaya davadantI kI mAtA Adi ne apanI kanyA ko acchI zikSAe~ diiN| kuNDinapura se naladavadantI ne ayodhyA ke liye prayANa kiyaa| mArga meM arddha rAtri meM caturdik itane adhika bhramara ur3a rahe the ki sarvatra aMdhakAra hI aMdhakAra ho gayA aura inake Age bar3hane meM bhramara avarodhaka bana gye| usI samaya davadaMtI ke bhAla para ke svAbhAvika tilaka ke haTane se sUryavat tejapuJja prakaTa huaa| usa prakAza meM sabane kAyotsargadhyAnAvasthA meM lIna eka muni/sAdhu kA darzana kiyaa| nala-davadantI ne sAdhu kI pradakSiNA lagAkara vandana kiyaa| kAyotsarga pUrNa hone para muni ne unheM dharmopadeza diyA aura davadantI ke bhAla-tilaka kA rahasya btaayaa| ayodhyA nagarI meM pahu~cane para samasta nAgarikoM ne utsAha ke sAtha navadampati kA satkAra kiyA aura bujurgoM ne zubhAzIrvAda pradAna kiyaa| isI ke sAtha sAta DhAloM meM racita pahalA khaNDa samApta hotA hai| dvitIya khaNDa meM kavi kahatA hai ki nala ayodhyA meM sukhapUrvaka rAjya karatA thA; parantu eka dina anuja bhAI kUbara ke sAtha dyUta-krIr3A meM parAjita ho gayA aura zarta ke anusAra donoM pati-patnI ne vanavAsa grahaNa kiyaa| vana meM isa dampati ko aneka kaThinAiyoM kA sAmanA karanA pdd'aa| nala ne eka dina socA ki yadi davadantI mere sAtha rahegI, to use aneka ApadAoM ko sahana karanA hogaa| aisA vicAra kara rAtri meM apane rakta se usake vastra para use pIhara jAne kA sujhAva dekara vahA~ se davadantI ko suSupta-avasthA meM chor3akara akele hI prasthAna kara diyaa| kintu davadantI ke sAtha vizvAsadroha karane ke kAraNa nala apane ko dhikkAratA hai - hA hA nala duSTAtamA, kA~ tuM bhasama na hoii| niraparAdha nija kAminI, abalA tajaI na koI // 2 davadantI kA tyAgakara jIvana ke sAtha saMgharSa karatA huA nala Age calA jA rahA thA ki sahasA usane Aga meM jalate hue eka sarpa kI bacAne kI prArthanA sunii| paropakArI 1. rAnI puSpavatI ne dAvAnala se Darakara Ate hue dantI (hAthI) kA svapna dekhA thA; ata: putrI kA nAma davadantI rakhA gayA, kintu loka-bhASA meM damayantI nAma bhI pracalita hai| 2. naladavadantI rAsa (2.4.19)

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samayasundara kI racanAe~ 167 nala ne use Aga se nikAla diyA, kintu sarpa ne nala ko kATa ddaalaa| yaha sarpa nala kA pitA niSadha thA, jo mRtyu pazcAt deva banA aura sarpa kA rUpa dhAraNa kiyA huA thaa| isake daMza se nala kA zarIra kUbar3A aura kurUpa ho gayA, kintu sarpa ne use aise vastra aura AbhUSaNa diye, jinheM pahanane se vaha apanA mUla rUpa dhAraNa kara sakatA thaa| rUpa kurUpa aura nAma huMDika dhAraNa karake vaha susamApura (sUSamApura yA suMsubhArapura) phuNcaa| vahA~ usane eka pAgala-unmatta hAthI ko vaza meM kiyaa| phalasvarUpa vahA~ ke rAjA dadhiparNa ne isa kabaDe rUpa nala ko Adara diyA evaM use apane pAsa hI rakha liyaa| isI ke sAtha pA~ca DhAloM meM praNIta dUsarA khaNDa pUrNa ho jAtA hai| tRtIya khaNDa meM kathA kA vikAsa tvarita gati se huA hai| dadhiparNa rAjA ne iMDika (nala) se usakA paricaya puuchaa| huMDika ne apane ko nala rAjA kA rasoiyA aura sarvavidyA-jJAtA btaayaa| nala rAjA apane choTe bhAI kUbara ke sAtha jue meM hAra jAne se davadantI ke saMga vanavAsa ke lie nikala gye| aba sunA jAtA hai ki nala kA dehAvasAna ho gayA; ataH maiM isa tarapha A gayA huuN| huMDika dvArA nala kI mRtyu kA samAcAra jAnakara dadhiparNa ko atyadhika duHkha huaa| huMDika ne dadhiparNa kI 'sUrthapAka' aura 'rasavatI pAka' kA bhojana karAkara bahuta prasanna kiyaa| eka dina huMDika eka tAlAba ke kinAre udAsIna baiThA thaa| vahA~ eka brAhmaNa pathika vizrAma ke lie AyA aura paraspara gIta-goSThI hone lgii| goSThI meM usane davadantI jaisI strI kA parityAga karane vAle nala kI nindA kii| huMDika kI A~kheM dravita ho giiN| huMDika ne davadantI kI vartamAna sthiti ko jAnane hetu anabhijJa hokara brAhmaNa se davadantI ke viSaya meM puuchaa| pathika ne sampUrNa vastu-sthiti btaaii| davadantI jagane para pati ko na pAkara use DhUMr3hane lagI, na milane para vaha bahuta hI nirAza ho gii| viraha evaM kaSToM ko usane bhAgya kI viDambanA hI samajhA aura candra ke dvArA apane pati ko hRdaya-drAvaka saMdeza bhejaa| phira davadantI ne apane vastra para likhita akSaroM ko par3hA aura vaha pIhara ke lie ravAnA ho gii| mArga meM vyApAriyoM ke eka sArtha ke sAtha vaha mila gii| isa sArtha para eka coroM ke dala ne AkramaNa kiyaa| tadartha davadantI ne siMhanIvat sAhasa karake coroM ko bhagA diyaa| sArtha ne yaha upakAra mAnakara use kuladevI ke rUpa meM mAnya kiyaa| bhArI varSA ke kAraNa sArtha bIca meM hI ruka gyaa| ata: davadantI use chor3akara gupta rUpa se Age cala dii| Age use eka rAkSasa milA, jo davadantI kA bhakSaNa karanA cAhatA thaa| davadantI ne use kahA- mujhe marane kA bhaya nahIM hai, parantu mujha jaisI zIlavatI nArI ko khAne se tUM bhasma ho jaaegaa| yaha sunakara rAkSasa santuSTa huA aura use vara mAMgane ko khaa| davadantI ne kahA - merA priya mujhe kaba milegA? rAkSasa bolA - bArahaveM varSa / rAkSasa ke

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168 mahopAdhyAya samayasundara : vyaktitva evaM kRtitva dvArA use usake pIhara pahu~cane kA kahane para usane yaha kahakara asvIkAra kara diyA ki maiM parapuruSa ke sAtha nahIM jaauuNgii| priya-milana ke samAcAra tumane batAye, tumhArA yaha upakAra hI bahuta hai| yahIM pA~ca DhAloM meM bane tIsare khaNDa kA samApana ho jAtA hai| dIrghakAla meM priya-milana kI bAta sunakara davadantI eka guphA meM tIrthaGkara zAntinAtha kI pratimA pratiSThApita kara vahIM rahane lgii| udhara sArthavAha davadantI kI khoja karatA huA guphA meM A phuNcaa| samIpavartI tApasa bhI usake pAsa Ane lge| eka samaya usane tApasoM ko bAr3ha meM DUbane se bcaayaa|sbhii tApasa bhI usakI guphA ke pAsa rahane lage aura sArthavAha ne tApasapura nagara bsaayaa| yahIM kUbara ke putra siMhakesarI ko kaivalya aura mokSa prApta huaa| yaha jAnakara davadantI ko pravrajyA lene kI abhilASA hii| muni yazobhadra ne use pravrajyA aGgIkAra karane ke lie manA kiyA, sAtha hI usake pUrvabhava kA vRttAnta sunAkara usakI viyogAvasthA kA kAraNa btaayaa| eka dina kisI puruSa ke kathana para davadantI pati kI khoja meM nikalI aura punaH jaGgaloM meM bhaTaka gii| yahA~ use eka rAkSasI kA sAmanA karanA par3A, lekina satItva-bala aura dharma-bala ke kAraNa rAkSasI usakA kucha na kara skii| sArthavAha ne davadantI ko khojakara use acalapura pahu~cAyA aura usI ke sAtha kavi ne naladavadantI rAsa ke cauthe khaNDa ko cha: DhAloM meM sampUrNa kiyA hai| kavi samayasundara nala-davadantI ke kathAnaka kA sundara aura rasaprada varNana karate hue kahate haiM ki davadantI acalapura meM rAnI candrayasA evaM RtuparNa rAjA ke vahA~ rahane lagI aura nala kI jAnakArI pAne ke Azaya se dAnazAlA meM dAna dene lgii| nala aura davadantI kI khoja ke liye rAjA bhIma dvArA preSita vipra harimitra acalapura aayaa| dAna lete samaya vaha davadantI ko pahacAna gyaa| usane zIghra rAjA evaM rAnI se isa sambandha meM carcA kii| yadyapi ye donoM davadantI ke mausA-mausI the, parantu eka-dUsare ko pahacAna na pAye the| isa hetu rAjA-rAnI ne davadantI se kSamA maaNgii| harimitra davadantI ko kuNDinapura le aayaa| rAjA bhIma putrI-milApa se atyanta harSita huaa| nala ke viSaya meM jAnakArI prApta hone para rAjA bhIma ne davadantI ke punaH svayaMvara karane kA kAlpanika samAcAra dadhiparNa rAjA ke yahA~ preSita kiyA aura svayaMvara kA samaya bahuta kama diyaa| dadhiparNa rAjA aura huMDika rAste meM apanI-apanI vidyAoM kA vinimaya kara kuNDinapura A pahu~ce; lekina kuNDinapura meM svayaMvara kA koI cihna na dekhane para dadhiparNa bahuta Azrcacakita huaa| vastuta: yaha huMDika ko bulAne kI eka yukti thii| bhImarAjA evaM davadantI ne isa kubar3e huMDika kI parIkSA karake dekhA aura yaha nala hI hai, aisA vizvAsa hone para unheM bar3A Ananda milaa| anta meM nala ne bhI divya vastrAdi dhAraNa kara svayaM kA saccA svarUpa prakaTa kiyaa| isa prakAra kalAtmaka DhaMga se pA~ca DhAloM meM kavi ne pAMcavA~ khaNDa sampUrNa kiyaa|

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samayasundara kI racanAe~ 169 kavi naladavadantI ke antima jIvana kA varNana karate hue SaSTa khaNDa meM kahatA hai ki nala ne kUbara ke sAtha punaH dyUta khelakara apanA rAjya vApasa prApta kara liyA / bahuta samaya taka rAjya-sukha bhoga karane ke pazcAt nala aura davadantI ko vairAgya ho gayA aura unhoMne jinasena AcArya se dIkSA aGgIkAra kara lii| muni bana jAne para bhI nala ke citta meM davadantI ke prati anurAga samApta nahIM huA / anta meM saMlekhanA vrata ( anazana) grahaNa karake donoM ne deha kA visarjana kiyaa| donoM devaloka meM utpanna hue| nala dhanada (kubera) nAmaka deva huA aura davadantI usakI priyA huI / davadantI deva - Ayu pUrNakara peDhAlapura ke rAjA haricanda kI kanakavatI nAmaka putrI huii| nala devaloka meM dhanada ke rUpa meM rahA / kanakavatI kA vasudeva ke sAtha vivAha huA / kanakavatI ko cittavizuddhi se kevalajJAna utpanna huA aura vaha sAdhvI banakara mukta ho gii| dhanadadeva bhI bhaviSya meM devaloka se cyuta hokara mAnava-loka meM janma legA aura sAdhanA ke dvArA kaivalya prApta karake mokSa ko prApta kregaa| isI ke sAtha hI dasa DhAloM meM likhita chaThA khaNDa sampUrNa hotA hai / yadyapi kavi ne 'naladavadantI - rAsa' kI racanA paramparAgata kathAvastu ke AdhAra para kI hai, phira bhI aneka sthaloM para unakI apanI pratibhA ke kAraNa navInapana aura kavitva zakti kA vikAsa dekhA jA sakatA hai| isI kAraNa kavi premAnanda racita 'nalAkhyAna' se isakI tulanA kI jAye, to hama donoM kRtiyoM ko eka zreNI kI pAyeMge / 4.1.7 sItArAma - caupAI kavivarya samayasundara kI hindI bhASAgata padya racanAoM meM 'sItArAma caupAI ' sabase vRhad racanA hai / yaha nau khaNr3oM meM vibhakta hai| prathama khaNDa meM DhAla 7 aura gAthA 248 haiM / dvitIya khaNDa meM DhAla 7 aura gAthA 192 haiM / tRtIya khaNDa meM DhAla 7 aura gAthA 168 haiN| caturtha khaNDa meM DhAla 7 aura gAthA 228 haiN| paMcama khaNDa meM DhAla 7 aura gAthA 248 haiM / SaSTha khaNDa meM DhAla 7 aura gAthA 444 haiM / saptama khaNDa meM DhAla 7 aura gAthA 312 haiM / aSTama khaNDa meM DhAla 7 aura gAthA 323 haiM evaM navama khaNDa meM DhAla 7 aura gAthA 355 haiM / isa prakAra isa grantha meM nau khaNDa aura 2417 gAthAe~ haiM / isa racanA kA parimANa kavi ne isa prakAra batAyA hai - navakhaNDa pRthivI nA kahyA, tiNa caupaI nA nava khaNDoM re / trihi hajAra sAtasai mAnajai grantha no mAno re // 2 yahA~ yaha 'triNhi hajAranai sAta sai' arthAt 3700 kI saMkhyA gAthAoM kI sUcaka na hokara grantha parimANa kI sUcaka hai; jisakI gaNanA anuSTup chanda ke AdhAra para hotI hai| 1. sItArAma - caupAI (khaNDa 9, DhAla 7, gAthA 10 ) 2. vahI khaNDa 9, DhAla 7, gAthA 19

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170 mahopAdhyAya samayasundara : vyaktitva evaM kRtitva isa vizada grantha kA nirmANa kavi ne kaba aura kahA~ kiyA, isakA saMketa hameM 'sItArAma-caupAI' se prApta nahIM ho pAyA hai| hA~ ! caupAI ke anta meM kavi ne yaha avazya likhA hai ki yaha caupAI maiMne rAyamala ke putra amIpAla, netasI aura bhatIje rAjasIsAha ke Agraha se banAI hai, lekina kavi ne apanI caupAI ke Arambha meM apanI katipaya racanAoM kA ullekha karate hue 'naladavadantI-rAsa' kA ullekha bhI kiyA hai| 'nala-davadantI-rAsa' kI racanA vi. saM. 1673 meM samApta huI thii| ata: yaha to bilkula spaSTa hai ki vi. saM. 1673 ke pazcAt hI 'sItArAma-caupAI' kA nirmANa huA thaa| isa racanA ke chaThe khaNDa kI tIsarI DhAla meM kavi ne apanA janma-sthAna sA~caura batAyA hai| yahI eka kRti hai jisameM kavi ne apanA janma-sthAna kA ullekha kiyA ho| ata: yaha kRti sambhavataH sAMcaura meM hI nirmita huI hogii| sAMcauramaMDana-mahAvIra-stavana' se jJAta hotA hai ki kavi vi.saM. 1677 ke mAgha mAha meM sAMcaura meM the| ataH isI samaya ke Asa-pAsa 'sItArAma-caupAI' kI racanA huI hogii| vi. saM. 1683 meM likhita isa kRti kI prati bhI prApta hotI hai| ata: isakA nirmANa vi. saM. 1673 se 1683 ke madhyavartI kAla meM hI huA hogaa| sItArAma-caupAI kI bhASA rAjasthAnI pradhAna hai| sItArAma-caritra sambandhI kavi kI isa kRti ke atirikta bhI rAjasthAnI meM aneka racanAe~ jaina AcAryoM ne nirmita kI haiN| inameM brahma jinadAsa racita 'rAmacaritra-kAvya' (vi.saM. 1508), vinayasamudra racita 'padmacarita' (vi.saM. 1604), samayadhvaja racita 'sItA-caupaI' (vi.saM. 1611), hemaratnasUri racita 'sItA-caritra' (vi.saM. 1636-45), nagarasI racita 'rAmasItA-rAsa' (vi.saM. 1649), kesarAja racita 'rAmayazo-rasAyana' (vi.saM. 1683), trivikrama racita 'rAmacandra-carita' (vi.saM. 1699), cAritradharma aura ghidyAkuzala racita 'rAmacandra-carita' (vi.saM. 1699), cAritradharma aura ghidyAkuzala racita 'rAmAyaNa' (vi.saM.1621), daulatakIrti racita 'sItAharaNa cauDhAliyA' (vi.saM. 1784), sujJAnasAgara racita 'DhAlamaMjarI' (saM. 1822), cauthamala racita 'rAmacarita' (vi.saM. 1862) Adi vizeSa ullekhanIya haiN| rAma-sItA-kathAsambandhI rAjasthAnI jainetara sAhitya meM mAdhavadAsa dadhavAr3iyA racita 'rAmarAso' (vi.saM. 1664), rughapati-rughanAtha racita 'rugharAso' (vi.saM. 1725), amRtalAla mAthura racita 'gIta rAmAyaNa' (vi.saM. 1955) Adi pramukha haiN| rAjasthAnI bhASA meM racita sItA-rAma-kathAsAhitya meM kavi samayasundara kI 'sItArAma-caupAI' apanA eka mahattvapUrNa sthAna rakhatI hai| kavi ne isa kAvya meM jaina-paramparA kI rAmakathA ko samagrarUpeNa gumphita kiyA hai| kavi ne prastuta kRti ke kathAnaka kA AdhAra 'padmacarita' / 'pauma cariu' se liyA hai, aisA kavi ke saMketoM se vidita hotA hai| vaise kavi ne hindU dharma meM pracalita rAmAyaNa ke vividha AkhyAnoM para jina aneka kaviyoM ne likhA hai, unakA bhI ullekha kiyA hai -

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samayasundara kI racanAe~ 171 jinazAsana zivazAsane sitArAma caritra suNIje re| bhinna-bhinna zAsana bhaNI ko ko vArtA kahIjai re|| aba hama 'sItArAma-caupAI' ke varNya-viSaya ko prastuta kreNge| prathama khaNDa kI zuruAta meM kavi ne pUjya puruSoM ko aura zAradA mAtA ko namaskAra kiyA hai| kavi ne paramajJAnI gautama gaNadhara ke mukha se rAjA zreNika Adi pariSad ke samakSa sItA ke pUrvabhava se lagAkara unakA samagra jIvana-vRtta kahalAyA hai| yaha zailI vimalasUri ke 'pauma-cariu' meM upalabdha hai| __ gautama kahate haiM - bharata kSetra meM mRNAkuNDa nagara meM zrIbhUti purohita kI vegavatI nAmaka kanyA rahatI thii| eka bAra usane sudarzana muni para jhUThA kalaMka lagAyA ki maiMne inheM strI ke sAtha vrata-bhaMga karate dekhA thaa| lekina dharmajJAna prApta hone para usane kRtakarma kA pazcAtApa kiyA aura dharmazravaNa kara saMyama svIkAra kara liyaa| AyuSyapUrNa hone para prathama devaloka meM paidA huii| vahA~ se vaha mithilApura ke rAjA janaka kI bhAryA vaidehI kI kukSi se utpanna huii| eka putra bhI utpanna huA, lekina pUrvabhava ke vairavaza eka deva ne usakA haraNa kara liyaa| putrI kA janmotsava manAkara usakA nAma sItA rakhA gyaa| kramazaH yauvanavaya meM usakA vivAha ayodhyA nareza dazaratha-suta rAmacandra se nizcita huaa| eka dina nArada muni lAvaNyavatI aura guNavatI sItA ko dekhane ke lie Aye, kintu vahA~ tiraskRta hone se unhoMne krodhavaza vaitADhya parvata para rathaneura nareza ke putra bhAmaMDala, jo vastuta: sItA kA apahata bhAI thA, ko sItA kA citra diyaa| bhAmaNDala, sItA ko pAnA cAhane lgaa| rathaneura nareza ne janaka rAjA ko bulAkara sItA kI mAMga kii| janaka ne isa vivAha-prastAva ko asvIkAra kara diyaa| anta meM vidyAdharoM ke Agraha se dhanuSabhaMga kA Ayojana kiyA gyaa| aneka rAjAoM kI upasthiti meM prathama dhanuSa rAma ne car3hAyA aura dUsarA lakSmaNa ne / rAma ke sAtha sItA kA vivAha huA aura lakSmaNa ke sAtha vidyAdharoM kI aThAraha kanyAoM kA pANigrahaNa huaa| rAjA dazaratha saparivAra vipulasamRddhi ke sAtha ayodhyA lautte| yahIM para zrIsItArAma-prabandhe-sItA-vivAha sItA-rUpa varNano nAma prathamaH khaNDaH' samApta ho jAtA hai| dvitIya khaNDa meM udhara bhAmaNDala ne apane ko adhanya mAnate hue sItA kI prApti ke lie sasainya prasthAna kiyaa| mArga meM jaba vaha vidarbhA nagarI meM pahu~cA, to vahA~ ke dRzyoM ko dekhane se use jAtismaraNa ho gyaa| apanI hI bhaginI kI vAMchA karane kA use pazcAtApa huaa| vApasa Ane para candragati ke pUchane para bhAmaNDala ne kahA- he tAta! maiM pUrva jIvana meM ahimaNDala nAmaka rAjakumAra thA aura maiMne eka brAhmaNI kA apaharaNa kiyA thaa| maiM marakara rAjA janaka kA putra huA, sItA merI bahina hai| pUrvajanma ke dveSavaza eka deva ne merA apaharaNa kiyA tathA prArabdha ke kAraNa Apane mujhe apanA putra mAna liyaa| yaha sunakara

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172 mahopAdhyAya samayasundara : vyaktitva evaM kRtitva candragati virakta ho gayA aura dIkSA le lii| aneka nimittoM se yahA~ para dazaratha- parivAra, janaka - parivAra Adi se saccA sambandha aura milana huA / 4 rAjA dazaratha pUrva se hI vairAgyavAsita the / eka dina ve rAtri meM jagakara cintana kara rahe the ki candragati vidyAdhara dhanya hai, mujhe bhI aneka janma-maraNa karate hue yaha mAnava janma milA hai; ataH rAma ko rAjya sauMpakara mujhe saMyama grahaNa karanA caahie| sabhI kI anumati se unhoMne rAma ke rAjya- abhiSeka kI kAmanA kii| usI samaya kaikeyI dvArA dharohara rakhA huA vara usane mAMgA ki 'rAma ko caudaha varSa paryanta vanavAsa aura bharata ko rAjya dene kI kRpA kreN|' dazaratha cintAtura hokara rAma ko kaikeyI ke vara kI pUrva bAta batalAte haiM / (kavi ne isa karuNAtmaka ghaTanA kA ati sajIva aura saTIka varNana kiyA hai / ) antataH rAma aura lakSmaNa ne vanavAsa ke liye prasthAna kara diyA; sAtha meM sItA bhI chAyAvat cala pdd'ii| yaha viyoga sabhI ke lie asahya thA / dazaratha aura unake aneka sAmantoM ne virakta hokara AcArya bhUtazaraNa se pravrajyA grahaNa kara lI / kaikeyI apane vara kA phala hAnikAraka samajhakara bharata ke saMga rAma ko vApasa lene gii| lekina rAma ne kaha diyA ki hama kSatriya haiM, vacana nahIM palaTate haiM / ataH saba loga lauTa jAte haiN| isI ke sAtha zrIsItArAmaprabandhe rAma-sItA vanavAsa varNano nAma dvitIyaH khaNDaH ' sampUrNa ho jAtA hai / rAma Adi avanti pradeza ke dazapura nagara meM phuNce| vahA~ ke rAjA vajrajaMgha kI dharmaniSThatA ke kAraNa unhoMne usakI sahAyatA kI aura usa para car3hAI karane vAle anyAyI rAjA sIhodana ko parAjita kiyA / isI taraha unhoMne mlecchAdhipa ko bhI mukta kiyaa| yahIM para 'sItArAmaprabandhe vanavAse paropakAra-varNano nAma tRtIyaH khaNDaH ' kI iti hotI hai / caturtha khaNDa meM kavi ne likhA hai ki rAma-sItA-lakSmaNa ne aruNa gA~va ke eka yakSa - mandira meM varSAvAsa bitaayaa| unake prabhAva se yakSa ne vahA~ eka divya nagarI kA nirmANa kiyA aura jAte samaya unheM kucha bheMTa bhI dI / vijayApurI pahu~cane para yahA~ ke rAjA mahIdhara kI putrI ke sAtha lakSmaNa kA vivAha huA / nandyAvarta nagara ke samrAT ativIrya dvArA rAjA bharata para AkramaNa karane para lakSmaNAdi ne use harAkara bharata kI adhInatA svIkAra karAI / vividha aMcaloM meM bhramaNa karate hue ve khemajali nagara phuNce| vahA~ rAjA zatrudamana kI putrI jitapadmA ke liye lakSmaNa kA zakti santulana huaa| jaba ve loga vaMzasthala nagara pahu~ce, to vahA~ eka munirAja para daivika upasarga ho rahe the / unhoMne upasargoM ko zAnta kiyA aura munirAja ko acala dhyAna meM kevalajJAna utpanna huaa| rAmAdi ne munirAja kI sevA - bhakti kI aura inake dvArA pUche jAne para munirAja ne upasargoM kA kAraNa btaayaa| vaMzasthalapuranareza sUraprabha ne rAma ke kahane se vahA~ eka jinAlaya bnaayaa| isI ke sAtha zrI sItArAmaprabandhe kevalimahimAvarNanonAma caturtha khaNDa samApta hotA hai /

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samayasundara kI racanAe~ 173 paMcama khaNDa meM kathA kA vikAsa hotA hai| rAmAdi daNDakAraNya meM pahu~ce / vahA~ phalAdi ke AhAra para apanA samaya vyatIta karane lge| eka dina do munirAjoM ko unhoMne atyanta bhaktipUrvaka AhAra- dAna diyA / eka durgandhita pakSI ne Akara munirAjoM ko vandana kiyA, jisase usakI deha sugandhita aura niroga ho gii| pakSI sItA ke pAsa rahane lagA / usake zarIra para sundara jaTA hone se usakA nAma jaTAyudha ho gayA / usa samaya laMkAgar3ha meM rAvaNa rAjya karatA thA / laGkA ke caturdika samudra thA / rAvaNa ne gale meM divya hAra pahanA huA thA, jisameM nau muMha pratibimbita hone se rAvaNa kA nAma dazamukha bhI prasiddha thaa| rAvaNa kI bahina candranakhA kA saMbuka (zambUka) nAmaka putra daNDakAraNya meM vidyA-sAdhanA kara rahA thA / bhavitavyatAvaza lakSmaNa ke dvArA saMbuka kI hatyA ho gii| isase candranakhA ke kathana para usake pati kharadUSaNa ne sasainya lakSmaNa se sAmanA kiyaa| kharadUSaNa ke parAsta hone para rAvaNa AyA / vaha sItA ke rUpa para mugdha ho gayA aura usakA haraNa kara le gayA / jaTAyugha pakSI, ratnajaTI vidyAdhara Adi ne isakA ghora virodha kiyA, lekina rAvaNa sItA kA apaharaNa karane meM saphala ho gyaa| idhara rAmalakSmaNa Adi sItA kI satat zodha karane lge| udhara kAmAsakta rAvaNa kI vyAkulatA ati tIvra ho gaI thI, parantu sItA apane zIla para aDiga rhii| rAvaNa ne balAtkAra nahIM kiyA, kyoMki usane anantavIrya ke pAsa vrata liyA huA thA ki maiM balAtkArapUrvaka kisI bhI strI ko nahIM bhogUMgA / isI bIca rAma aura sugrIva kA milana huaa| sugrIva ne rAma ko AzvAsana diyA ki maiM sItA ko khoja nikaaluuNgaa| ataH rAma usase prasanna hokara kiSkindhA Aye / vahA~ sugrIva nAmadheyI eka kapaTI sAhasagati vidyAdhara kA rAma ne anta kiyA / yahA~ 'zrI sItArAmaprabandhe sItA - saMharaNa paMcamaH khaNDaH' kA samApana ho jAtA hai / SaSTha khaNDa ke Arambha meM kavi samayasundara ne janmadAtA, dIkSAdAtA, zikSAdAtA ko namaskAra kiyA hai aura tatpazcAt ve kahate haiM ki sugrIva dvArA sItA kI zodha kI gii| laGkApati rAvaNa se yuddha - bala para sItA ko prApta karanA azakya thA / rAvaNa kI mRtyu vyakti ke dvArA hogI, jo koTizilA ko uThAyegA / lakSmaNa ne ise apanI bAyIM bhujA se Upara uThA liyaa| ataH pavanasuta hanumAna ko laGkApati ke pAsa dUta rUpa meM bhejA gayA / laGkA meM hanumAna ne apanI zakti kA pradarzana kiyA aura sItA ko rAma kI mudrikA tathA sandeza dekara use Azvasta kiyA / pratisandeza rUpa sItA ne apanA cUr3AmaNi diyA / lauTate samaya hanumAna meghanAtha dvArA nAgapAza ke bandhana meM jakar3A gyaa| hanumAna aura rAvaNa meM vivAda huaa| hanumAna laGkA meM upadrava karate hue rAma ke samIpa vApasa lauTa aae| rAma, sugrIva Adi sabhI ne laGkA para AkramaNa karane kI mantraNA kI / mArgazIrSa kRSNA 5 ko vijayayoga meM zubha zakunoM se sUcita hokara rAma ne vizada senAsahita laGkA kI ora prayANa

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174 mahopAdhyAya samayasundara : vyaktitva evaM kRtitva kiyaa| udhara vibhISaNa ne rAvaNa ko yuddha meM na utarane kI samayocita zikSA dI, lekina vahA~ se tiraskRta hokara satyapakSagrAhI vibhISaNa apanI tIsa akSauhiNI senA lekara rAma kI zaraNa meM phuNcaa| udhara bhAmaMDala bhI sadalabala A phuNcaa| asaMkhyAsaMkhya sainikoM ke sAtha rAma laGkA phuNce| rAvaNa ke pAsa cAra hajAra akSauhiNI senA tathA rAma ke pAsa eka hajAra akSauhiNI vAnaroM kI senA thI / paraspara bhArI yuddha huA / (kavi kA yuddha-varNana adbhuta vIra - rasotpAdaka hai / ) viSama yuddha meM viziSTa zakti hetu lakSmaNa ne devArAdhanA kii| phalasvarUpa unheM aneka prakAra kI zaktiyA~ prApta huiiN| rAvaNa ke asahya prahAra se lakSmaNa mUrchita ho gae, jisakA rAma ko ati zoka huA, parantu vizalyA nAmaka puNyavatI nArI ko lAkara usake sparza se lakSmaNa ko saceta kiyA gyaa| udhara rAvaNa ne daivika zakti kA saMcaya karanA zurU kiyaa| usane aSTama tapa kiyaa| rAma ke Adeza se aGgada Adi vIroM ne rAvaNa ko kSubdha karane kA prayAsa kiyA, parantu rAvaNa ko ekAgra dhyAna se usake bahurUpiNI vidyA siddha ho gii| isI ke sAtha 'sItArAmaprabandhe rAvaNayuddha, vizalyA kanyA samuddhRta, lakSmaNa zakti, rAvaNa - samAdhArita bahurUpiNI vidyAdi varNano nAma SaSThaH khaNDaH' kI iti ho jAtI hai / saptama khaNDa meM kavi kA kathana hai ki rAvaNa sItA para siddha zakti kA prayoga karane lagA, kintu use asaphalatA hI use hastagata huI / anta meM jJAna hone para rAvaNa ko apane kRta kArya ke lie bar3A pazcAtApa huA; kintu lokalajjAvaza usane punaH yuddha kiyaa| kRta saMkalpI rAvaNa kI vIratA adbhuta hote hue bhI aMhakArI rAvaNa kA lakSmaNa dvArA patana ho gayA aura rAma vijayI hue / rAma aura rAvaNa ke parivAra ne rAvaNa kA zokayukta antyeSTi saMskAra kiyA / dUsare dina muni aprameya ke upadeza se kumbhakaraNa, mandodarI Adi aneka mahAnubhAvoM ne pravrajyA dhAraNa kara lI / rAma ke dala kA laGkA meM praveza huaa| rAma ne vibhISaNa ko laGkA kA rAjya diyA / rAma-lakSmaNa ke sAtha sahasroM vidyAdharoM kI putriyoM kA pANigrahaNa huA / nArada muni dvArA ayodhyA kA cintAtura samAcAra jAnakara rAma ayodhyA kI ora AkAzamArga se bddh'e| ayodhyA meM unake svAgata kA bhavya Ayojana huA thA / rAma kA ayodhyA - praveza huaa| bharata ne vairAgyavaza cAritra grahaNa kara liyA aura sabhI rAjAoM ke nivedana para rAma kA baladeva ke rUpa meM aura lakSmaNa kA vAsudeva ke rUpa meM abhiSeka huaa| sItA ke vaibhava ko dekhakara usakI sauteM usase dveSa karane lgiiN| phalasvarUpa sItA ko kalaMkita karane kA unhoMne upakrama bnaayaa| sItA dvArA rAvaNa ke pairoM kA citra banAkara rAma ko dikhAyA gayA, kintu sautoM ko saphalatA nahIM milI / yahIM para 'sItArAmaprabandhe rAvaNavadha, sItArAmapazcAdAnayana, rAmalakSmaNAyodhyApraveza, sItA- kalaMka pradAna varNanonAma saptamo khaNDaH ' samApta ho jAtA hai| -

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samayasundara kI racanAe~ 175 aSTama khaNDa meM kavi kA kahanA hai ki bhAvI prabala hai| rAma ke sAre rAjya meM sItA ke zIla para kaI taraha kI AzaMkAe~ phailane lgiiN| rAma vikalpoM meM pha~sa ge| atyadhika apayaza se bacane ke lie rAma dvArA garbhavatI sItA kA araNya meM niSkAsana kara diyA gyaa| virahiNI, zoka-saMtapta sItA kI vana meM rAjA vanajaMgha se bheMTa huii| donoM meM paraspara dharmabhAI-dharmabahina kA sambandha sthApita ho jAne se sItA vajrajaMgha ke sAtha puNDarIkapura calI gii| udhara dhIra evaM saMyamI rAma kI vikalatA gambhIra banatI jA rahI thii| idhara sItA ne lava-kuza nAmaka yugala baccoM ko janma diyaa| yauvanakAla meM ve praur3ha parAkramI hue| unhoMne pRthu rAjA ko bhI parAjita kiyaa| vajrajaMgha kI sabhA meM nArada muni ne Akara lavakuza kA vAstavika paricaya diyaa| lava-kuza ko ayodhyA jAne kI jijJAsA huii| rAmalakSmaNa kA mAna-bhaMga karane ke lie lava-kuza ne sasainya ayodhyA kI ora prayANa kiyaa| lava-kuza kA rAma se yuddha huaa| bheda khulane para sabhI gale mile aura sabhI ne eka-dUsare kA abhinandana-abhivAdana kiyaa| isI ke sAtha 'zrI sItArAmaprabandhe sItA-parityAga, vajrajaMgha-gRhAnayana kuza-lava-yuddha-kuzalava kumArAyodhyAyApravezAdi varNanonAma aSTama khaNDa' sampUrNa hotA hai| navama khaNDa meM kavi ne likhA hai ki sagrIva Adi sItA ko lene ke lie puNDarIkapura ge| sItA ayodhyA-nivAsa kI anicchA prakaTa karatI huI apane zIla kI satyatA pramANita karanA cAhane lgii| ayodhyA meM sItA ne agniparIkSA dvArA dhIja karanA svIkAra kiyaa| nimittaprabhAvaka siddhArtha muni ne Akara kahA - 'zIla guNAdi se satI sItA ekAnta pavitra hai| maiM nimitta ke bala para kahatA hU~ ki sItA ke zIla ke prabhAva se agni turanta hI jala ke rUpa meM pariNata ho jaaegii|' vAstava meM agni kI pracaNDa jvAlAe~ jala-srotoM ke rUpa meM badala gyiiN| sItA ke nirmala zIla kI prasiddhi sarvatra phaila gaI aura ubhayakula ujjvala hue| usI samaya sItA ne sarvagupti muni se cAritra grahaNa kara liyaa| rAma, vibhISaNa Adi ke pUchane para kevalI muni ne rAma-lakSmaNa kA rAvaNa ke sAtha yuddha, sItAkalaMka Adi kA kAraNa btaayaa| rAma-lakSmaNa meM ananya aura aTUTa prema thA, jisakI carcA indrasabhA meM huii| do deva parIkSA karane ke lie aae| jaba unhoMne devamAyA se rAma ko mRta dikhAyA, to lakSmaNa ne usI kSaNa apane prANa tyAga diye| rAma saceta hone para usa mRta deha ko cha: mahIne taka premavaza apane kandhe para rakhe rhe| anta meM indra dvArA pratibodha pAkara rAma ne zatrughna Adi hajAroM puruSoM ke sAtha dIkSA grahaNa kara lii| pUrNa Atma-zuddhi hone para rAma ko kevalajJAna prApta huaa| unhoMne dharmadezanA dI, jise sItendra deva (sItA kA jIva) prabhRti ne bhI sunii| bhagavAn rAmacandra ne nirvANa-pada prApta kiyaa| sItendra kA jIva bhI bhaviSya meM siddhi-sthAna ko prApta kregaa|

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176 mahopAdhyAya samayasundara : vyaktitva evaM kRtitva anta meM gaNadhara gautamasvAmI ne mahArAjA zreNika se kahA ki isa sItA-caritra ko sunakara zIlavrata dhAraNa karanA cAhiye aura jhUThA kalaGka bhI na lagAne kA guNa grahaNa karanA caahie| isI ke sAtha zrI sItArAmaprabandhe sItAdivyakaraNa, sItA-dIkSA, lakSmaNamaraNa, rAmanirvANa, lakSmaNarAvaNa-sItAgAmibhavapRcchA varNanonAma navamaH khaNDaH' kA samApana ho jAtA hai| prastuta grantha eka caritrAtmaka prabandha-kAvya hai kyoMki 'sItArAma-caupAI' meM chanda kI vividhatA, rasa kA pUrNa paripAka, vRtta kI aitihAsikatA, jIvana kA sarvAGgINa citraNa aura aneka sargoM meM Abaddha hone se ise 'prabandha-kAvya' kaha sakate haiN| kavi ne bhI svayaM isa bAta kA pratyeka khaNDa ke anta meM nirdeza kiyA hai -'iti zrI sItArAma prbndhe|' isa grantha ke vizeSa mahattva kA pratipAdana karate hue prA. phUlasiMha 'himAMzu' ne likhA hai ki kavi kI pratibhA ne jAnI-pahacAnI jaina rAmAyaNa ko bhI eka naye AkarSaka rUpa meM prastuta kiyA hai| bahumukhI pratibhA ke dhanI mahAn gItakAra samayasundara ne aneka viSayoM para likhA hai| rAsa-sAhitya ke lagabhaga dasa hajAra granthoM meM se yaha Alocya grantha apane virATa rUpa, mArmika prasaMga evaM sahaja sarasatA ke kAraNa apanA vizeSa mahattva rakhatA hai| sarasa sarala bhASA meM rAmakathA ko geya rUpa meM prastuta karane kA kavi kA yaha prayAsa aneka dRSTikoNoM se stutya hai|' mohanalAla da. desAI ne to isa kRti ko bahuta hI mahattvapUrNa mAnA hai| unhoMne yahA~ taka likhA hai ki yaha kRti to kavi kI adbhuta huI hai aura vaha gurjara kaviziromaNi premAnanda se aneka bAra Takkara mArakara bahuta-sI bAtoM meM unase Upara car3ha jAtI hai| isa grantha kI hastalikhita pAMDulipi anUpa saMgraha/saMskRta lAyabrerI, bIkAnera; devacanda lAlAbhAI pustakoddhAra-phaNDa, sUrata; vijayadharmasUri-jJAnabhaNDAra, AgarA; abhaya jaina granthAlaya, bIkAnera meM upalabdha hai| agaracanda nAhaTA evaM bhaMvaralAla nAhaTA ne ise sampAdita kara sAdala rAjasthAnI risarca insTITyUTa, bIkAnera dvArA prakAzita kiyA hai| 4.1.8 valkalacIrI-caupAI yaha kRti parimANa meM choTI hai, kintu kAvya-tattvoM se paripUrNa hai| isa kRti kI hastalikhita prati abhaya jaina granthAlaya, bIkAnera; pra. zrI kAntivijayajJAna-bhaMDAra, bar3audA evaM jJAnabhaNDAra-lIMbar3I meM upalabdha hai| yaha kRti 'samayasundara-rAsa-paMcaka' grantha meM saMkalita hai| isa kRti kA sampAdana zrI bhaMvaralAla nAhaTA ne kiyA hai aura prakAzana sAdUla rAjasthAnI risarca insTITyUTa, bIkAnera se huA hai| 1. draSTavya - marubhAratI, varSa 7, aMka 1 2. jaina sAhitya saMzodhaka (khaNDa 2, aGka 3, pRSTha 28)

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samayasundara kI racanAe~ 177 kavi ne isa kRti ko 'valkalacIrI-caupaI' ke nAma se hI abhihita kiyA hai| unhoMne isa kathA-kAvya kA nirmANa mulatAna nivAsI jaisalamerI sAha karmacandra ke Agraha se kiyA thA - mulatAna mai vasai re, sAha karamacanda re, jaisalamerI zubha jasai re| pada sagavaTa re valakalacIrI caupai re, hA~ re kramacandra Agraha kIdha // 2 kavi ne kRti ke nirmANa kAla kA ullekha bhI kiyA hai - jaisalamera re, jinaprasAda ghaNA ihAM re, hAM re soma vasu sinngaar| varasa vakhANIi re, kharataragaccha re viruda kharau jAgi jANiyai re||3 isa ullekha ke anusAra kavi ne 'valkalacIrI-caupAI' kA nirmANa vikrama saMvata 1681 meM jaisalamera meM sampanna kiyA thaa| 'valkalacIrI-caupAI' dasa DhAloM meM racita hai aura isameM saba milAkara 216 padya haiM, jisameM varNita viSaya kA sAra isa taraha hai - kavi samayasundara bhagavAn pArzvanAtha, sadguru evaM sarasvatI ko namana karate hue likhate haiM ki magadha deza kA rAjagRha nagara atyanta samRddha aura pavitra thaa| eka bAra bhagavAn mahAvIra usa nagara meM pdhaare| tadartha vahA~ kA rAjA zreNika vandanArtha gyaa| usane mArga meM eka mahAtapasvI muni ke darzana kiye| sumukha tathA dumukha nAmaka zreNika ke do rAja-karmacArI bhI udhara se nikle| sumukha ne muni kI prazaMsA-stuti kI, to dumukha ne nindA karate hue kahA - 'yaha kAyara tathA pAkhaNDI hai| apane bAlaka-putra ko rAjya dekara svayaM tapa kA DhoMga karatA hai| aba zatru AkamaNa kareMge aura isake putra ko mArakara isakI rAniyoM ko bandI banA leNge|' muni ke mana meM putra-moha jagA aura vaha mana hI mana zatruoM se yuddha karane lgaa| rAjA zreNika ne bhagavAn mahAvIra se pUchA- maiMne mArga meM jina tapasvI rAjarSi ko vandana kiyA, ve yadi abhI mareM to kisa gati ko prApta hoMge? bhagavAn ne kahA - sAtavIM nrk| kintu kucha samaya bAda pUchA to uttara milA - 'srvaarthsiddh'| bhagavAn ne isakA kAraNa vicAroM ke pravAha kA badalanA khaa| dumukha ke vacana sunakara rAjarSi ko raudradhyAna A gayA thA, kintu jaba muni ko apane luJcita sira kA dhyAna AyA, to ve pazcAttApapUrvaka zubha dhyAna kI ora mur3a gye| zreNika ke pUchane para bhagavAna ne rAjarSi dvArA bAlaka ko rAjya dekara dIkSA grahaNa kA kAraNa batAyA ki potanapura ke rAjA somacandra aura unakI rAnI 1. valkalacIrI-caupAI (10) 2. vahI (10.8) 3. vahI (10.5)

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178 mahopAdhyAya samayasundara : vyaktitva evaM kRtitva dhAriNI ne sira ke zveta bAloM ko dekhakara vairAgyabhAva se tApasa-dIkSA lI aura tapasyA karane lge| (rAmAyaNa meM rAjA dazaratha bhI sapheda keza dekhakara vairAgI hote haiN|) dIkSA lete samaya rAnI garbhavatI thii| vaha eka putra prasava karake mara gii| valkalacIrI nAmaka usa putra kA pitA ne hI poSaNa kiyaa| vaha taruNa ho jAne para bhI bholA-bhAlA brahmacArI thA aura vaha strI-jAti se anabhijJa thaa| rAjA prasannacandra ke mana meM apane yuvA bhAI se milane kI abhilASA thii| usakA citra dekhakara usane bhrAtRsnehavaza kucha vezyAoM ko use lAne ke lie khaa| vezyAe~ tApasa-veza meM gaIM aura valkalacIrI ko apanI ora AkarSita karane meM saphala ho giiN| vezyAoM ne apanA sthAna potana-Azrama btaayaa| valkalacIrI potana Azrama DhUMr3hatA huA eka ratha ke pIche-pIche potanapura phuNcaa| kahIM Azrama nahIM milA, to vaha rathI dvArA pradatta dravya se eka vezyA ke yahA~ rukaa| vezyA ne bheda jAnakara apanI putrI se usakA pANigrahaNa karA diyaa| prasannacandra bhAI ke Azrama se nikalakara nagara meM pahu~cane ke kAraNa cintita thaa| vezyA ke ghara vAjiva suna usane usakA kAraNa jJAta kiyA aura antataH valkalacIrI ko mahotsavapUrvaka rAjamahala bulA liyaa| use gRhastha ke vividha AcAra-vyavahAroM kA jJAna karAyA gyaa| udhara rAjarSi somacandra vRddhAvasthA meM putra-viyoga se andhe ho gae, parantu usakI kuzalatA ke sukhada samAcAra milane para unheM saMtoSa ho gyaa| valkalacIrI ko potanapura meM bAraha varSa bIta gye| eka dina pitR-smaraNa hone se vaha apane ko dhikkArane lgaa| tadanantara donoM bhAI Azrama phuNce| donoM ne rAjarSi kA caraNasparza kiyaa| yahA~ valkalacIrI bahuta pazcAtApa karane lgaa| saMyogavaza pitA ko netrajyoti mila gii| pAtra-pratilekhana karate hue valkalacIrI ko jAti-smaraNa/jJAna ho gyaa| antataH usane dIkSA lakara kaivalya prApta kiyaa| udhara rAjA prasatracandra vairAgyapUrNa hRdaya se potanapura lautte| arihanta mahAvIra ne kahA - zreNika! eka dina jaba maiM potanapura pahu~cA, to prasannacandra vandanArtha aayaa| pravacana sunakara apane putra ko rAjagaddI de, vaha dIkSita ho gayA aura aba AtmasAdhanA kara rahA hai| zreNika! aba use kevalajJAna ho gayA hai| samayasundara valkalacIrI munirAja ke guNa gAte hue mokSa sukha kI kAmanA karate haiN| valkalacIrI kI yaha kathA bauddhajAtaka evaM mahAbhArata meM bhI RSizRMga ke nAma se upalabdha hai| 4.1.9 zaQjaya-rAsa 'zatruJjaya-rAsa' samayasundara kI sarvAdhika prasiddha racanA hai| prastuta rAsa zatruJjaya

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samayasundara kI racanAe~ 179 tIrtha (pAlitANA) kI mahimA ko ujAgara karatA hai / zatruMjaya jainoM kA pramukha tIrtha hai / yahA~ saMgamaramara ke ATha sau tirasaTha jina-mandira haiM / unameM se aneka kalA kI dRSTi se bejor3a haiN| zAyada hI koI aisA jainI hogA, jisane jIvana meM eka bAra isa tIrtha kI yAtrA kI abhilASA na kI ho, kyoMki kavi ne hI likhA hai setruMja tIratha sArakhau, nahIM chai tIratha koya / svarga mRtyu pAtAla mai, tIratha sagalA joya // nAmai navanidha saMpajai, dIThAM durita palAya / bheTatAM bhavabhaya Talai, sevatAM sukha thAya // 1 X X -- jiNa setuMja tIratha nahi bheTyau, te grabhavAsa kahaMta re| zatruJjaya tIrtha ke mAhAtmya ko pragaTa karane vAlI aneka kRtiyA~ prApta hotI haiN| inameM dhanezvarasUri kRta ' zatruJjaya mAhAtmya', RSabhadAsa kRta 'zatruJjayoddhAra' (saM. 1667), haMsaratna kRta 'zatruMjaya mAhAtmyollekha' (saM. 1782), kakkasUri kRta 'zatruMjaya mahAtIrthoddhAraprabandha' (saM. 1692) jinaharSasUrikRta 'zatruMjayamAhAtmya', nayasundarakRta 'zatruJjayoddhAra' (saM. 1638), zubhazIlagaNi kRta 'zatruJjayakathAkoza' (saM. 1518), vivekadhIrakRta 'zatruJjayoddhAra' (saM. 1587) ullekhanIya haiM / 3 1. zatruMjaya - rAsa (1 se pUrva 4-5 ) 2. zatruMjaya - rAsa (2.2) 3. draSTavya - jinaratnakoza, pRSTha 372-73 X kavi kA yaha 'zatruJjaya mAhAtmya' dhanezvarasUri ke 'zatruJjayamAhAtmya' para AdhArita hai - isa bAta kA ullekha svayaM kavi ne rAsa ke prArambha meM hI kiyA hai / kavi ne yaha bhI batAyA hai ki dhanezvarasUri ke anusAra isa zatruJjaya - mAhAtmya ke mUla pravaktA bhagavAn mahAvIra ne svayaM zatruJjaya tIrtha meM padArpaNa kara indra evaM devatAoM ke samakSa isakA mAhAtmya varNita kiyA thaa| kavi ne dhanezvarasUri ke kAla kA bhI sUcanA kiyA hai| unake anusAra ve

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mahopAdhyAya samayasundara : vyaktitva evaM kRtitva saM. 477 ke zIlAditya ke zAsana-kAla meM hue the| yadyapi dhanezvarasUri kA yaha kathana ki svayaM mahAvIra zatruJjaya tIrtha para gaye the, upalabdha aitihAsika sAkSyoM ke AdhAra para siddha nahIM hotaa| kavi ne isa prakAra ullekha kiyA - saMvata cyAra satyotarai, huyau dhanesara suuri| tiNa sejeja mahAtama kIyau, silAditta hajUri // vIra jiNiMda samosaryA, senuMja upari jem| indrAdika AgaI kAu, sejeja mahAtama ema // 2 yadyapi vivecya racanA meM prApta ullekhoM ke AdhAra para yaha lagatA hai ki kavi ne dhanezvarasUri kRta 'zatrujayamAhAtmya' ko apane rAsa kI kathAvastu kA AdhAra banAyA hai| kavi ne bhI vaha bAta sUcita kI hai| vastutaH dhanezvarasUri kI 'zatrujayamAhAtmya' nAmaka racanA meM zatrujaya tIrtha kI mahimA batAne ke lie eka kathA varNita kI gaI hai, jabaki prastuta racanA meM usa DhaMga kI koI kathA nahIM hai| hA~, jahA~ samayasundara za@jayoddhAra kI bAta kahate haiM, utanA prasaMga avazya 'zatruJjaya mAhAtmya' para AdhArita hai| 1. samayasundara ne dhanezvarasUri ke kAla kA jo ullekha kiyA hai, vaha prApta pramANoM se siddha nahIM hotA hai| kavi ke anusAra dhanezvarasUri ne zIlAditya kI upasthiti athavA unake anurodha para za-jayamAhAtmya likhA thaa| samayasundara ne isa kAla ko saMvat 477 batAyA hai| jaba kevala saMvat zabda kA ullekha hotA hai, to vahA~ vikrama saMvat hI grahaNa kiyA jAtA hai, kintu yahA~ 'saMvat', vallabhI saMvat ke rUpa meM prayukta hai, jaisA ki anya sAkSyoM se jJAta hotA hai| samayasundara ne apanI eka anya kRti gAthA-sahasrI meM likhA hai - paNasayarI vAsasayaM tiNNi sayAI aikkmeuunnN| vikkamakAlAU tau valahIbhaMgo samuppanno // arthAt vikramakAla se 375 varSa atikramaNa karate hue valabhIbhaGga huaa| isa prakAra spaSTa hai ki kavi dvArA ullikhita dhanezvarasUri kA samaya vikrama saMvat 852 hai; parantu zatruJjaya-mAhAtmya meM vi0 saM0 1199 se dhanezvarasUri vikrama saMvat 852 meM hue - siddha nahIM hotA hai| dhanezvarasUri vi0 saM0 1230 ke bAda hI hue hoNge| isa saMbaMdha meM mahAmahopAdhyAya gaurIzaMkara hIrAcanda ojhA evaM mohanalAla dalIcanda desAI ke mata ullekhanIya haiN| unhoMne likhA hai ki vAstava meM vallabhI meM zIlAditya nAma ke 6 rAjA ho gaye haiM, para jaina lekhaka eka hI zIlAditya kA ullekha karate haiN| dhanezvarasUri bhI kaI ho gae haiN| sambhavata: ye dhanezvarasUri terahavIM aura bAda kI sadI meM hue lekhaka haiN| (vistRta jAnakArI ke liye dRSTavya - (ka) rAjapUtAne kA itihAsa, khaNDa 1, pRSTha 385-389; (kha) jaina sAhitya no itihAsa, pRSTha 145-146 para TippaNI) 2. zatrujaya-rAsa (DhAla 1 se pUrva dUhA 2-2)

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samayasundara kI racanAe~ 181 - isa rAsa meM kavi ne sarvaprathama zatrujaya kA mAhAtmya cha: gAthAoM meM batAyA hai| pazcAt pahalI DhAla meM zatrujaya ke anya ikkIsa nAmoM kA varNana kiyA hai, jo ki pA~ca kar3iyoM meM Abaddha hai| chaH dohoM meM tIrtha kA vistAra-kSetra batAkara dUsarI DhAla meM isa tIrtha para kauna-kauna se mahApuruSa padhAre aura siddha hue, unakA saMkSepa meM nirdeza kiyA gayA hai| isa DhAla meM bAraha kar3iyA~ haiN| tIsarI tathA cauthI DhAla meM zatrujaya tIrtha kA uddhAra karane vAle solaha dAnadAtAoM kA sUcana kiyA huA hai, jinameM bharata kA nAma pramukha hai| ve hI sarvaprathama vahA~ caturvidha saMgha lekara gaye aura unhoMne hI sarvaprathama vahA~ prabhu RSabhadeva kA jinAlaya bnvaayaa| tIsarI DhAla meM aThAraha aura cauthI DhAla meM bIsa gAthAe~ haiN| Age ATha dohoM meM punaH zatrujaya kI mahimA prastuta kara pAMcavIM DhAla meM bAraha kar3iyoM meM yaha likhA hai ki isa tIrtha meM jAkara manuSya yadi apane pApoM kI AlocanA karatA hai, to vaha pApa-mukta ho jAtA hai| antima chaThI DhAla mahattvapUrNa hai| isameM teIsa gAthAoM meM zatrujaya kI tatkAlIna sthiti kA A~khoM-dekhA citraNa hai| rAsa meM sarvagAthA 108 haiN| yaha rAsa kavi ne nAgaura janapada meM vi0 saM0 1682, zrAvaNa kRSNa pakSa meM likhA hai - saMvat sola sai vyAsIyai e, zrAvaNavadi sukhkaar| rAsa bhaNyau serjeja taNau, nagara nAgora majhAra // prastuta rAsa kI aitihAsika sAhitya meM gaNanA kI jAtI hai| isa rAsa kI paravartI hastalikhita pANDulipiyoM meM rAsa ke Arambha meM do saMskRta zloka aura rAsa ke anta meM do hindI gAthAe~ bhI dekhane ko milatI haiN| 4.1.10 vastupAla-tejapAla-rAsa rAsa-sAhitya meM kavi samayasundara kI yaha kRti kAphI laghu hai, lekina aitihAsika dRSTi se mahattva kI hai| isameM kavi ne vastupAla-tejapAla kI pragAr3ha dharmaniSThatA, unake dvArA banavAye gaye mandiroM evaM dharmakAryoM kA vistRta vivaraNa diyA hai| inhIM dvArA nirmita AbU kA delavAr3A kA mandira Aja vizva kA advitIya mandira hai| kalA kI dRSTi se to vaha tAjamahala se bhI uttama koTi kA hai| vastupAla-tejapAla ke sambandha meM kavi ne likhA hai ki ve poravAr3a-vaMza ke tilaka aura jinazAsana ke zrRMgAra the| ve pATaNa ke nivAsI the| vastupAla ke pitA kA nAma soma tathA mAtA kA nAma kuMvari thA aura tejapAla ke pitA kA nAma AsarAja aura mAtA kA nAma ratana thaa| vastupAla evaM tejapAla dharmaniSTha hone ke sAtha-sAtha zUravIra evaM rAjya-mantrI bhI the| kavi ne do DhAloM meM inake dharmakRtyoM kI anumodanA karate hue unakA vistArapUrvaka varNana kiyA hai; yadyapi varNana meM kahI-kahIM atizayokti bhI pratIta hotI hai| 1. jaina sAhitya no itihAsa, pRSTha 616

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182 mahopAdhyAya samayasundara : vyaktitva evaM kRtitva prastuta rAsa kI racanA timirIpura meM vi0 saM0 1682 meM huI thI, jisakA nirdeza kavi ne isa prakAra kiyA hai - saMvata sola sai byAsIyA varase, rAsa kIdhau timarIpura hrsse| vastupAla tejapAla naU e rAsa, bhaNatAM, suNatAM, parama hulAsa // 'samayasundara kRti kusumAMjalI' meM yaha kRti sampAdita hai| __vastupAla-tejapAla ke saMbaMdha meM samayasundara ke atirikta anya kaviyoM ne bhI racanAe~ likhI haiN| inameM saMskRta meM likhita merutuGgakRta prabandhacintAmaNi (saM0 1361), jinaharSakRta vastupAlacaritra (saM0 1497) ullekhanIya haiM aura bhASA meM likhita racanAkAroM meM hIrAnandasUri (saM0 1484), lakSmIsAgarasUri (saM0 1548), pArzvacandra (saM0 1555), meruvijaya (saM0 1721) Adi nAma ullekhanIya haiN| 4.1.11 thAvaccAsuta RSi-caupAI ___ kavivara samayasundara ne paurANika kathAoM ke AdhAra para bahuta se rAsa yA AkhyAna likhe haiN| 'thAvaccAsuta RSi-caupAI' bhI eka aisI hI rAsa kRti hai, jisakA kathAnaka saMkSipta hai, lekina eka siddhahasta kavi ke dvArA isakA praNayana hone ke kAraNa isakI kathA meM svAbhAvikatA aura bhASA meM pravAha hai| 'thAvaccAsuta RSi-caupAI' kI samApti kArtika vadi 3, vi0 saM0 1691 meM khambhAta nagara ke khAruyAvAr3e meM kharataragaccha ke upAzraya meM huI thii| kavi ne svayaM likhA saMvat sola ekANuM varaSe, kAti vadi trIja haraSai be| zrI khambhAyata khAruyAvADai, caumAsa rahyA sudihADai be|| yaha racanA do khaNDoM meM hai| prathama khaDa meM dasa DhAleM haiM aura usameM sarvagAthA 217 haiN| dvitIya khaNDa meM bhI dasa DhAleM haiM aura usameM sarvagAthA 231 haiN| DhAloM ke bIca-bIca meM dohe bhI race gaye haiN| kula milAkara yaha racanA bIsa DhAla meM 448 gAthAoM meM parinirmita hai| kavi ne thAvaccAsuta ke kathAnaka kA AdhAra 'jJAtA-dharma-kathA' 'NAyAdhamma-kahya' nAmaka Agamika sAhitya se liyA hai| jJAtAdharmakathA' ke 'selaga' nAmaka paMcama adhyayana meM yaha vRttAnta sudharmA svAmI ne jambUsvAmI ko kahA thaa| kavi ne bhI rAsa kI antima paMktiyoM meM isakA nirdeza diyA hai - eha eha saMbaMdha achai ati sArA, jJAtAdharama majhArA be| sudharama sAma kahai gaNadhArA, jaMbUnai hitakArA be||2 thAvaccAsuta kI ghaTanA tIrthaGkara zrI neminAtha ke kAla kI hai| ata: kavi ne 1. thAvaccAsuta RSi-caupAI (2.10.19-20) 2. thAvaccAsuta RSi-caupAI (2.10.15-16)

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183 samayasundara kI racanAe~ prathama khaNDa ke prArambha meM sarvaprathama unheM namana kiyA hai| prAstAvika nivedana ke pazcAt kavi samayasundara kahate haiM ki jambUdvIpa ke bharatakSetra meM soraTha deza ke antargata dvArikA nAmaka nagarI meM trikhaNDapati kRSNa rAjya karate the| usI nagarI meM thAvaccA nAma kI eka gAthApatinI gRhastha mahilA (sArthavAhinI) nivAsa karatI thii| usake eka putra thA, jo thAvaccAsuta ke abhidheya se pahacAnA jAtA thaa| usane bAlavaya meM vidyAbhyAsa kiyA aura kramazaH bahattara kalA meM pravINa huaa| yauvanAvasthA meM battIsa kanyAoM ke sAtha usakA vivAha huaa| eka bAra dvArikA nagara meM bhagavAn neminAtha zramaNasaMgha sahita pdhaare| taba unake darzanArtha zrIkRSNa aura samasta nAgarika gaye, thAvaccAsuta bhI gyaa| dharmavacana sunakara thAvaccAsuta ko saMyama-ratha para ArUr3ha hone kI abhilASA huii| ghara Akara usane mAtA se apanA vicAra kahA ki maiM dIkSA lenA cAhatA huuN| mAtA ko isase AghAta phuNcaa| zramaNadharma kA pAlana karanA kitanA duSkara hai - isa viSaya meM usane putra ko smjhaayaa| yahA~ mAtA ke dvArA 'dazavaikAlika sUtra' ke AdhAra para bhI upadeza dilavAyA gayA hai - dIkSA chai putra dohilI, jehavI khAMDA nI dhaar| te putra tai palisyai nahIM, te bhaNI kahu~ vAra-vAra / sUghu saMyama pAlatAM, etalA bola nissedh| dasavaikAlika sUtra maI, bhagavanta bhAkhyau saMvedha // (thAvaccA putra kI mAtA ke mukha se dazavaikAlika sUtra kA ullekha karavAne meM kAlavyatikrama kA doSa vyaMjita huA hai, kyoMki dazavaikAlika kI racanA tIrthaGkara mahAvIrasvAmI ke bAda huI hai, jabaki thAvaccA kA kAla arihanta neminAtha svAmI ke kAla kA hai|) ____ mAtA ke bahuta samajhAne para bhI putra apane nirNaya meM dRr3ha rahA / antataH mAtA kI sammati prApta ho gii| ____thAvaccAsuta ke sAtha anya eka hajAra puruSoM ne bhI dIkSA lii| thAvaccAsuta kA zrIkRSNa se sAMsArika saMbaMdha hone ke kAraNa unhoMne dIkSA-mahotsava dhUmadhAmapUrvaka sampanna kraayaa| dIkSA lete samaya thAvaccAsuta ke mastaka ke bAla thAvaccAmAtA nApI ke dvArA kaTA letI hai aura unheM nirmala kara smRti-cihna ke rUpa meM rakha letI hai| samayasundara ne isa prasaMga ko apanI ora se jor3A hai| jisa 'jJAtAdharmakathA' ke AdhAra para unhoMne yaha kathAnaka liyA hai, usameM isa prasaMga kA koI ullekha nahIM hai ki dIkSA lene se pUrva thAvaccA mAtA ke nApI ke dvArA thAvaccAsuta ke bAloM ko cAra aMgula kaTavA liyA aura unheM smRti ke lie rakha liyaa| phira bAda meM thAvaccAsuta ne bhagavAn ke 1. thAvaccAsuta-RSi-caupAI (1.9.2-5)

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184 mahopAdhyAya samayasundara : vyaktitva evaM kRtitva pAsa jAkara paMcamuSTi loca kii| 'jJAtAdharmakathA' ke anusAra to thAvaccAsuta bhagavAn ke pAsa gayA aura paMcamuSTi locakara dIkSita ho gyaa| astu, thAvaccAsuta RSi ne tapazcaryA tathA zAstrAbhyAsa meM asAdhAraNa siddhi prApta kii| zruta-kevalI banane para neminAtha bhagavAn kI AjJA se ve apanI ziSya-santati ke sAtha vicaraNa karane lge| pAda-paryaTana karate hue eka dina ve 'selaka' nagara phuNce| vahA~ ke rAjA selaka ke nAma se usa nagara kA nAma bhI selaka thaa| selaka rAjA ne thAvaccAsuta kA upadeza-zravaNa kiyaa| muni kI ArSa-vANI se prabhAvita hokara usane zrAvaka ke bAraha-vrata aGgIkAra kiye| __thAvaccAsuta RSi vividha aMcaloM meM zramaNa karate hue anukrama se saugandhikA nagarI aae| usa nagarI meM zukra nAmaka eka sAMkhya parivrAjaka rahate the| ve logoM ko zucidharma kA upadeza dete the| usI nagarI meM sudarzana nAmaka eka dhanADhya seTha bhI rahatA thaa| zuka parivrAjaka kA zucidharmAntargata pravacana sunakara usane usa dharma ko grahaNa kara liyaa| kucha varSoM ke pazcAt jaba thAvaccAsuta RSi isa nagara meM padhAre, to sudarzana seTha ne inake yathArtha vinayadharma ko svIkAra kara liyaa| sudarzana zrAvakadharma kA AcaraNa karane lgaa| isa bAta ko jaba zuka parivrAjaka ne sunA, to ve bhI saugandhikA nagarI Ae aura apane bhakta sudarzana se mile| seTha ne sArI paristhiti se unheM avagata kraayaa| tadartha zuka thAvaccAsuta se zAstrArtha karane ko taiyAra hue, parantu zuka ne siddhAnta, kriyAkANDa ityAdi ke sandarbha meM jo-jo prazna kiye, una sabake ati saMtoSajanaka uttara sunakara unakI manogata samasta zaMkAe~ dUra ho giiN| zuka unase hatane adhika prabhAvita hue ki ve apane hajAra ziSyoM sahita unake ziSya bana ge| anta meM thAvaccAsuta maharSi ne zatruJjaya tIrtha para saMlekhanA vrata grahaNa kiyA aura kevalajJAna kevaladarzana prApta kara anta meM mukti prApta kii| thAvaccAsuta ke ziSya zuka muni ke upadeza se selakarAja ne bhI pravrajyA le lii| zuka aura selaka - donoM muniyoM ne samyagdarzana, samyagjJAna, samyagcAritra aura samyagtapa kI utkRSTa ArAdhanA kii| zuka muni ne anta meM zatrujaya tIrtha para hI saMlekhanAsahita mokSapada prApta kiyaa| selaka pravrajita to ho gae, lekina unheM zramaNadharma kA pAlana karanA duSkara pratIta hone lgaa| ve atyanta rugNa ho ge| unake putra rAjA maNDuka ne unheM auSadhopacAra ke lie apane mahala meM rkhaa| auSadha meM madyapAna, atipauSTika AhAra Adi dene se selaka pramAdagrasta ho gye| unakI dharma-karma se ruci samApta-sI ho gii| ve hara samaya nidrA aura pramAda kI goda meM hI soye rhte| selakamuni kA yaha zithilAcAra dekha unake sabhI ziSya unakA tyAga karake cale gye| kevala panthaka nAmaka eka ziSya guru ke vaiyAvRtya hetu rukaa| usane unakI bahuta adhika sevA-suzrUSA kii| eka dina cAturmAsika

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samayasundara kI racanAe~ 185 pratikramaNa karake vaha unase varSAvAsa meM huI bhUloM/truTiyoM ke lie unakA caraNa-sparza kara kSamA-yAcanA karane lgaa| saMyogavaza selakamuni nidrAdhIna the| caraNa-sparza se ve jaga paDe aura ziSya para bahuta krodhita hue| isa aparAdha ke liye bhI muni ne punaH kSamA maaNgii| taba sahasA unheM Atmabodha huaa| unhoMne kRta kAryoM ke lie prAyazcita kiyA aura unhoMne zrI zatrujaya tIrtha para samAdhipUrvaka mRtyu ko varaNa kiyaa| kavi bhI dvitIya khaNDa ke samApana ko varaNa karatA hai| isa rasaprada rAsa kI hastalikhita pANDulipi abhaya jaina granthAlaya, bIkAnera meM upalabdha hai, jisakA gUrjara grantharatna kAryAlaya, ahamadAbAda dvArA prakAzana bhI ho cukA hai| 4.1.12 kSullakaRSi-rAsa ___isa rAsa meM 5 DhAleM haiN| yaha rAsa 'kSullakaRSi-rAsa', 'kSullaka-rAsa' evaM 'kSullakakumAra-rAsa'- tInoM nAmoM se prasiddha hai| kavi ne bhI tInoM nAmoM ko prayukta kiyA hai| yadyapi isakI kathAvastu saMkSipta hai, parantu samayasundara ne saMkSepa meM bhI isa kathA ko bar3I kuzalatA se graMthita kiyA hai| isakI laghutA hI usake tvarita vikAsa meM sahAyaka banI hai| kathAsAra isa prakAra hai - . ayodhyA nAmaka nagarI meM puNDarIka rAjA rAjya karatA thaa| usakA bhAI kuNDarIka thA, jisakI patnI yazobhadrA thii| puNDarIka ne yazobhadrA ke rUpa-saundarya para mohita hokara praNaya-yAcanA kii| yazobhadrA ko puNDarIka ke kAmAsakta anucita vacana sunakara bar3A Azcarya huaa| usane use kauTumbika saMbaMdha evaM lokalajjA kI bAta kahI, kintu puNDarIka usa para itanA Asakta thA ki usane use prApta karane ke lie avasara pAkara apane bhAI kuNDarIka hI hatyA kara DAlI aura yazobhadrA ke sAtha balAtkAra karanA caahaa| satItvarakSaNa ke lie yazobhadrA vahA~ se bhAgakara zrAvastInagarI meM pahu~ca gaI, jahA~ usane eka sAdhvI ke upadeza se prabhAvita hokara jinadIkSA aMgIkAra kara lii| ___jaba yazobhadrA dIkSita huI, taba vaha garbhavatI thii| kucha dina bAda usakI guruvaryA ko sagarbhA hone kI zaMkA huii| guruvaryA dvArA pUchane para yazobhadrA ke batAyA ki yaha garbha usake pati kA hai| guruvaryA ne prasUti ke lie sArI vyavasthA karavA dii| usane eka bAlaka kA prasava kiyA, jo kSullakakumAra ke nAma se prasiddha huaa| usakA pAlana-poSaNa zayyAtarI zrAvikA ne kiyaa| ATha varSa ke alpavaya meM hI kSullakakumAra ne yazobhadrA ke kahane se ajitasUri ke pAsa saMyama grahaNa kara liyaa| kSullaka saMyama-jIvana meM hone vAle kaSToM ke kAraNa saMyama se vicalita ho gyaa| yauvana-avasthA hone ke kAraNa vaha kAmagrasta ho gyaa| ataH usane gRhastha-jIvana aMgIkAra karanA caahaa| sabhI ne use yaha kArya na karane kI preraNA dI, kintu usa para unakA koI prabhAva na par3a skaa| antatogatvA sAdhvI yazobhadrA (mAtA) ne

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186 mahopAdhyAya samayasundara : vyaktitva evaM kRtitva ratnakambala evaM nAmAGkita aMgUThI dekara use apane cAcA ke pAsa ayodhyA jAne ko khaa| jaba kSullaka ayodhyA pahu~cA, to vahA~ eka nATaka khelA jA rahA thaa| eka nartakI dvArA sArI rAta nRtya karate rahane para bhI rAjA ne use pAritoSika svarUpa kucha nahIM diyaa| anyamanaskA nartakI ke svara-bhaMga hone lge| aisI sthiti meM naTa ne nimnAGkita pada meM kahA ki yaha raGga meM bhaGga kaisA - suTu, gAIyaM suTu vAiyaM, suTu, nacciyaM saamsundri| aNupAliya dIha rAyaM suyiNaM te mAsa mAsa mAya e|| naTa ke isa padya se prabhAvita hokara rAjakumAra ne do kuNDala, kSullaka ne ratnakambala, muMhatA (mantrI yA vidUSaka) ne kaMgana, mahAvata ne aMkuza aura sArthavAhinI ne hAra - isa prakAra kula pA~ca bahumUlyavAna cIjeM nartakI ko bheMTa de dii| AgAmI divasa nRpa ne pA~coM vyaktiyoM se nartakI ko bheMTa dene kA kAraNa pUchA, taba rAjakumAra ne kahA - rAjan, yogya ho jAne para bhI mujhe AdhA rAjya na milane ke kAraNa maiM soca rahA thA ki kyoM na rAjA ko mAra diyA jAe? usI samaya naTa kI gAthA se yaha zikSA milI ki bahuta bItI, thor3I rahI; ataH zeSa ko kyoM kho rahe ho? kSullaka ne batAyA ki maiM dIkSA-paryAya ke kaSToM evaM parISahoM kA smaraNa kara rAjyasukha soca rahA thaa| muMhatA ne kahA - Apane mere bhojana evaM AvAsa kI vyavasthA nahIM kI thI; ataeva maiM Apake vinAza kI bAta soca rahA thaa| mahAvata bolA - rAjan ! maiM hAthI kA apaharaNa karake anyatra cale jAne kA vicAra kara rahA thA, kyoMki Apane kabhI mujhe apekSita bhojana nahIM diyaa| sArthavAhinI ne pratyuttara meM kahA - mere priyatama ko paradeza gaye bAraha varSa ho gaye, abhI taka lauTe nhiiN| isa gAthA se mujhe yaha arthabodha huA ki aba ve Ane vAle haiN| isa taraha sabhI ne apanI-apanI dRSTi se ukta gAthA kA artha lgaayaa| rAjA unake uttara sunakara bar3A prabhAvita huaa| vaha bolA- maiM Apa sabakI Antarika icchAe~ pUrI karU~gA; kintu pA~coM saMsAra se virakta ho gaye the| ataH sabhI ne pratyuttara meM kahA ki aba hama isa asAra saMsAra meM nahIM par3anA caahte| sabhI ne pavitra cAritra-dharma grahaNa kara apanA jIvana sArthaka kiyaa| isa prakAra kSullakakumAra evaM anya cAra loga apathagAmI hone se baca gye| use AcArya, mAtRsAdhvI Adi dvArA aneka prakAra se diye gaye upadeza pathabhraSTa hone se na roka sake, jabaki naTa kI eka gAthA ne usake jIvana meM vilakSaNa parivartana lA diyaa| anta meM kSullaka RSi ne utkRSTa saMyama kA pAlana kiyA aura uttama gati paaii| yahA~ kavi ne kSullakakumAra ke saMbaMdha meM likhA hai ki 'dazavaikAlika sUtra mAhe kahyo, te uttama gati paayojii|' kintu yaha tathya dazavaikAlikasUtra' meM kahIM bhI ullikhita nahIM hai| sambhava hai ki ukta tathya dazavaikAlikasUtra kI kisI vRtti meM kathita ho|

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samayasundara kI racanAe~ 187 uparyukta kathAnaka kavi ne 'RSimaNDala-TIkA' se gRhIta kiyA hai, jaisA ki kavi ne svayaM sUcita kiyA hai RSimaNDala TIkA thakI Uddharyo, kSullakakumAra nau rAso jii| samayasundara kahai sAmagrI sadA, lahijyo lIla vilAso jii|| prastuta rAsa kI racanA samayasundara ne jAlaura meM vi0 saM0 1694 ke varSAvAsa meM kI thii| isakI racanA ke lie zrAvaka lUNiyA phasalA ne kavivara se anurodha kiyA thaa| unhoMne kavivara ko apane pAsa rakhA aura usI samaya kavi ne isa rAsa kA gumphana kiyA thaa| yaha rAsa 'samayasundara kRti kusumAMjali' meM prakAzita hai| 4.1.13 campaka-zreSThi-caupAI prastuta caupAI kA kathAnaka pUrva evaM pazcima -- donoM dezoM meM prasiddha hai| yaha kathAnaka campakazreSThi kI jIvanI se sambandhita hai| isa kathAnaka ko jaina sAhitya ke atirikta brAhmaNa evaM bauddhasAhitya meM bhI pAte haiN| jaina sAhitya meM kavi samayasundara ke atirikta campakazreSThI kI kathA para somasundarasUri ke ziSya jinakIrti kI racanA (15vIM zatI), jayavimalagaNi ke ziSya prItivimala kI racanA tathA jayasoma kI racanA bhI upalabdha hotI hai| samayasundara kRta 'campaka-zreSThi-caupAI' do khaNDoM meM vibhakta hai| isakA vivaraNa isa prakAra hai - prathama khaNDa meM 13 DhAleM, 344 gAthAe~ haiM tathA dvitIya khaNDa meM 8 DhAleM, 162 gAthAe~ haiM / DhAloM ke pUrva kucha dohe haiN| saba milAkara isameM 21 DhAleM, 506 gAthAe~ haiM, jisakI 700 granthAgrantha saMkhyA hotI hai| prastuta caupAI meM campaka zreSThI kI mukhya kathA ke vyaktirikta kintu usI ke antargata bhAgya aura puruSArtha ke mahattva ko sUcita karane vAlI do aura kathAe~ yojita haiN| kathA ko manoraMjaka banAne ke lie eka hAsyapUrNa kathA bhI saMyukta kI gaI hai| saMkSepa meM kathAsAra isa prakAra hai - prathama khaNDa meM kavi samayasundara kahate haiM ki pUrva deza meM campApurI nAmaka nagarI meM vRddhadatta nAmaka eka karor3apati seTha rahatA thA, lekina vaha kaMjUsa thaa| seTha ke kautuka devI nAmaka strI, sAdhudatta nAmaka bhAI aura tilottamA nAmaka putrI thii| eka rAtri meM deva dvArA usake dhana kA bhoktA kAmpilapura ke trivikrama vaNik kI puSpavatI dAsI se utpanna hone vAlA hai, yaha jJAta kiyaa| dUsare dina donoM bhAI vicAra-vimarza karane lge| sAdhudatta ne bhAvI kI amiTatA ke saMbaMdha meM eka dRSTAnta sunAyA, jo vyartha meM bhAgyacakra ko cunautI detA hai; kintu isake 1. dekhiye - jinaratnakoza, pRSTha 121

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188 mahopAdhyAya samayasundara : vyaktitva evaM kRtitva viparIta vRddhadatta kI mAnyatA hai ki udyama ke Age bhAvI kucha nhiiN| isa saMbaMdha meM usane bhI dRSTAnta sunAyA aura yaha siddha karane kA prayatla kiyA ki udyama kA Azraya lekara vidhAtA ke lekha meM bhI mekha mArI jA sakatI hai| vRddhadatta apanA kArya siddha karane ke lie kampilA nagarI jAkara vyavasAya karane lgaa| seTha trivikrama se usane ghaniSTha mitratA kii| campApurI jAte samaya bhojanAdi kI vyavasthA hetu vaha puSpavatI dAsI ko sAtha meM le gyaa| mArga meM usane use maraNAsanna kara diyaa| use mRtaka samajhakara vRddhadatta campApurI calA gyaa| udhara puSpavatI ne mRtyu ke pUrva eka uttama bAlaka ko prasava kiyaa| eka pathika vRddhA usa bAlaka ko le gaI aura vaha rAjAjJA se usakA pAlana karane lgii| campaka vRkSa ke nIce bAlaka milane se usakA nAma campaka rakhA gyaa| buddhizAlI campaka taruNavaya meM pracura vittopArjana karake rAjamAnya nagara seTha ho gyaa| ___ campaka eka bAra campA nagara gyaa| vRddhadatta ne isakI zAlInatA aura saundarya para mugdha hokara apanI putrI ke yogya vara mAnA, parantu jaba use usakA paricaya milA, to usake hRdaya para sA~pa loTane lage aura use devI-vacanoM kI satyatA pramANita hotI huI pratIta huii| taba usane usakI punaH hatyA karAne kA Sar3ayantra rcaa| vRddhadatta ne use bhAvI bhArI vyavasAya kA lobha dekara eka patra ke sAtha use apane bhAI sAdhudatta ke pAsa bhejaa| isameM campaka kI hatyA karane kA nirdeza thaa| campaka vRddhadatta ke ghara phuNcaa| usakI putrI use dekhate hI mugdha ho gii| usane dUsarA patra likhA, jisameM Aja hI donoM kA vivAha karane kA ullekha thaa| sAdhudatta ne dhUmadhAma se vivAha kara diyaa| isase vRddhadatta jala-bhuna gayA, parantu yaha karatUta tilottamA kI hai, yaha jJAta kara cuppI sAtha lii| . do mAha bAda vRddhadatta ne apanI patnI se campaka ko viSa khilAne ko kahA, jise tilottamA ne suna liyaa| tilottamA ne apane pati se kahA ki apazakuna hone se Apa do mahIne taka isa ghara kA anna-jala kucha bhI na khaaeN| campaka ne vaisA hI kiyaa| vRddhadatta ne apanI saphalatA ke lie dUsarA upAya kiyaa| kucha subhaToM ko lobha dekara usane campaka ko mAra DAlane ke lie khaa| subhaToM ne eka rAtri meM campaka seTha ke bhrama se vRddhadatta kI hatyA kara ddaalii| bhAvI prabala hai| kavi samayasundara kahate haiM - sahu ko loka kahai chai sarajyUM, te bola ketA vAMcu re| udyama chai paNi bhAvI adhikuM, samayasundara kahe sAcuM re|| isa prakAra campaka seTha svataH sAre dhana kA svAmI bana gayA aura kramazaH vaha arabapati ho gayA hai| dvitIya khaNDa meM kavi samayasundara campaka seTha kI Rddhi kA varNana karate haiN|

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samayasundara kI racanAe~ 189 tatpazcAt kavivara likhate haiM ki eka bAra campApurI meM kevalI bhagavAn pdhaare| campaka ne unase apane jIvana kI vividha ghaTanAoM ke bAre meM pUchA, to ve kahate haiM - samulikA nagarI ke kuTila buddhivAlA bhavadatta evaM sarala svabhAvI bhavabhUti tApasa marakara yakSa hue| phira bhavadatta kA jIva anyAyapura-pATaNa meM vaMcanAmati seTha huA aura bhavabhUti pADalIpura meM mahAsena nAma kA kSatriya huaa| mahAsena tIrthayAtrA karate hue anyAyapura phuNcaa| vahA~ usane vaMcanAmati ke yahA~ apanI gaThar3I dharohara ke rUpa meM rakhI, jisameM pA~ca bahumUlya ratna bhI the| mahAsena ke tIrthayAtrA karake lauTane para seTha use pahacAnane aura ratna lauTAne se iMkAra kara baitthaa| Akhira usane kapaTakozA nAmaka eka vezyA kA Azraya liyaa| vezyA ne apane dAvapeca se mahAsena ko ratna dilA diye| vaNika, jo aba taka logoM ko ThagatA rahA, eka vezyA dvArA svayaM ThagA gyaa| eka bAra mahAsena ke deza meM duSkAla par3A, jisakA citraNa chaThI DhAla meM karate hue kavi ne vi0 saM0 1687 ke duSkAla se usakI tulanA kI hai| mahAsena ne isa akAla ke samaya ve pA~ca ratna vikraya kara dhAnyAdi se akAlagrastoM kA bar3A upakAra kiyaa| usakI patnI guNasundarI ne bhI dIna-anAthoM kI bahuta sevA kii| isI kAla meM mahAbhayaMkara vyAdhigrasta eka vRddhA kI zuzrUSA kii| . kevalI bhagavAn ne kahA - mahAsena ke bhava meM tumane jo anukampAdAna diyA, usake prabhAva se tuma isa bhava meM bar3e bhArI seTha hue aura guNasundarI kA punarjanma isa tilottamA ke rUpa meM huaa| jisa vRddha kI tumane sevA kI, usane isa bhava meM tumhArA poSaNa kiyaa| vaMcanAmati ne tumhAre ratna liye, aba tuma usake 96 karor3a ke adhipati bane / gata bhava meM tumane kula mada kiyA, ata: isa bhava meM dAsI-putra bne| vaMcanAmati ko apamAnita kiyaa| ataH usane tIna bAra tumheM mArane kA prayatna kiyaa| pUrvabhava suna campaka aura tilottamA ne pravrajyA lelii| zuddha saMyama pAlakara deva hue aura bhaviSya meM campaka mokSagAmI hogaa| anta meM kavi ne likhA hai ki maiMne vi0 saM0 1695 meM apane ziSya ke Agraha se jAlora meM anukampAdAna para isa dRSTAnta-AkhyAna kA praNayana apramatta hokara kiyA - anukaMpA Upara kahyo, campaka seThino dRSTAnto re / anukampA sahu Adaro, eka thI chai mugati ekAnto re|| samvat sola paMcANUai, maiM jAlaura mAhe jor3I re| campaka seTha nI caupAI, aMga Alasa UMgha chor3I re // samayasundara ziSya tehanA, tiNa caupAI kIdhI ehau re| ziSya taNai Agraha karI, je Upara adhika saneho re||1 1. campaka-zreSThi-caupAI (2.8.14-15,17)

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190 mahopAdhyAya samayasundara : vyaktitva evaM kRtitva isa caupAI kI hastalikhita prati abhaya jaina granthAlaya, bIkAnera meM upalabdha hai| isake atirikta ANandajIkalyANajI evaM dhorA jI ke jJAna bhaNDAra meM bhI isakI prati hai| isa kRti ko bhaMvaralAla nAhaTA ne sampAdita karake sAdUla rAjasthAnI risarca insTITyUTa, bIkAnera dvArA prakAzita karavAyA hai| 4.1.14 gautama-pRcchA-caupAI karma ke mukhyataH do bheda haiM -- 1. puNya-karma aura 2. paap-krm| sAMsArika sukhoM kA kAraNa puNya aura dukhoM kA kAraNa pApa hai| prANI jina upAyoM se puNya-karma evaM pApa-karma kA saMcaya karatA hai, unakA jainAgAmoM meM savistAra vivecana huA hai| puNya evaM pApa-karmoM ke vipAka ke bodha ke lie yaha kRti racI hai| prastuta kRti ko gaharAI se dekhane para aisA pratIta hotA hai ki yaha kRti prAkRta bhASA meM kisI pUrvAcArya kRta 'gautama-pRcchA' kA bhAvAnuvAda hai - madhu pADai vani Agi dyai troDai vanaspati baal| DAMbhai AMkai je jIvanai kor3hI huvai ttkaal|| 3.30 // uparyukta padya mUla 'gautama-pRcchA' kI nimna gAthA kA kitanA sundara anuvAda hai - mahughAya aggidAhaM aMkaM vA jo karei paanniinnN| bAlArAma-viNAsI kuTThI so jAyai puriso|| donoM meM antara yaha hai ki prAkRta 'gautama-pRcchA' prazrottara-zailI meM hai jabaki prastuta 'gautama-pRcchA-caupAI' meM mAtra una praznoM ke uttara hI padyabaddha hue haiM, jo mUla grantha meM ullikhita haiN| kavi ne svayaM ne to kevala itanA-sA saMketa diyA hai - puNya kratUta jike karai, te ApaNapuM nistArai re| samayasundara sAcuM kahai, gautamapRcchA aNusArai re||2 vivecya kRti meM kula 48 praznoM kA uttara diyA gayA hai| kavi ne yaha bhI sUcita kiyA hai ki ye prazna bhagavAna mahAvIra se unake pradhAna ziSya gautama ne pUche the| kavi ke zabdoM meM - prasana paDUtara paragar3A, iha kiNa chaI aThatAlIso re| guru mahAvIra uttara dIyA, anai pUchayA gautama sIso re|| yaha racanA pA~ca DhAloM meM nibaddha hai, jisameM saba milAkara 74 gAthAe~ haiN| isakA racanA-kAla vi0 saM0 1695 hai| kavi ne isakI racanA pAlhanapura se pA~ca kosa uttara dizA meM sthita cAndreTha (yA AMkeTha) nAmaMka grAma ke kharataragacchIya zrAvaka jasavaMta ke 1. zrI gautama-pRcchA-vRttiH, gAthA 45, pRSTha 93 2. gautama-pRcchA caupAI (5.7) 3. vahI (4.2)

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samayasundara kI racanAe~ 191 Agraha se pandraha dina vahA~ rahakara kI thii| kavi ne svayaM likhA hai - pAlhaNapura thI pA~ce kose, uttara disi cAMdreTha gAmo re| tihAM kharatara zrAvaka vasai, sAha nIbau jasavaMta nAmo re|| teha nai Agraha tihA~ rahyA, dina panaraha sIma triThANuM re| tihA~ kIdhI e caupai, saMvat sola paMcANu re // 1 jaisA ki Upara kahA jA cukA hai ki 'gautama-pRcchA-caupAI' kI viSaya-vastu karma-vipAka se saMbaMdhita hai| kisa karma ke kAraNa jIva zubha phala pAtA hai aura kisa karma ke kAraNa vaha azubha phala pAtA hai, yahI isa kRti kA pratipAdya viSaya hai| jaise - __ jo jIva nI rakSA karai, hIyai parama dyaal| ve ghaNA varasa jIvai valI, ghaNA huyai bAla // 2 'gautama-pRcchA-caupAI' kI pANDulipi abhaya jaina granthAlaya, bIkAnera se upalabdha huI hai| samprati, yaha caupAI aprakAzita hai| 4.1.15 dhanadatta-caupAI yaha laghu kRti vyavahAra-zuddhi evaM naitika sandarbho se yukta hai| isa caupAI kI racanA kavi samayasundara ne ahamadAbAda meM vi0 saM0 1696 ke Azvina mAsa meM kI thii| caupAI meM prApta racanAkAla kA nirdeza adholikhita hai - saMvat sola chinnU samai e, AsU mAsi mjhaari| __ amadAbAdai e kahyau e, dhanadatta nau adhikaari||3 kRti kI prAmANikatA abhaya jaina granthAlaya, bIkAnera se prApta hastalikhita pANDulipi ke AdhAra para spaSTa hotI hai| ahamadAbAda, dhorAjI evaM pATaNa ke zAstrabhaNDAroM meM bhI isakI prati kA anusandhAna milA hai| zrIbhaMvaralAla nAhaTA ne apanI kRti 'samayasundara-rAsa-paMcaka' meM isa caupAI kA sampAdana bhI kiyA hai| 'samayasundara-rAsapaMcaka' kA prakAzana sAdUla rAjasthAnI risarca insTITyUTa, bIkAnera dvArA huA hai| amaracandra, mANikyasUri prabhRti dvArA likhita dhanadatta-kathA sAhitya-loka ko prApta hai| amaracandra kRta dhanadatta-kathA sarvAdhika prAcInatama mAnI jAtI hai| samayasundara racita 'dhanadatta-caupAI' meM DhAleM 9 haiM, gAthAe~ 161 haiM aura granthAgrantha 218 zlokaparimANa haiN| isakA kathAnaka vyavahAra-zuddhi para avalambita hai| zrAvaka kA kaisA zuddha vyavahAra honA cAhiye, use vyaMjita karanA hI kRti kA uddezya parilakSita hotA hai| samayasundara tIrthaGkara zAntinAtha ko namana karake caupAI kA prArambha karate haiN| 1. gautama-pRcchA-caupAI (1.5-6) 2. vahI (3.26) 3. dhanadatta-caupAI (9.7)

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192 mahopAdhyAya samayasundara : vyaktitva evaM kRtitva caupAI ke Arambha meM zrAvaka vratopayogI 21 guNoM ko batalAyA gayA hai, jinameM vyavahArazuddhi guNa sarvapradhAna hai| ___ ayodhyA nagarI meM zreSThI dhanadeva kA putra dhanadatta nivAsa karatA thaa| bAlavaya meM hI use mAtA-pitA kA viyoga sahanA pdd'aa| eka bAra usane dharmaghoSasUri ke pravacana se prabhAvita hokara vyavahAra-zuddhi kA niyama svIkAra kiyA ki vANijya-vyavasAya meM na nyUna de, na adhika le, acchI vastu ko burI na kahe, burI ko acchI na kahe, jisa samaya dene kA vAyadA kiyA ho, usI samaya de, mithyA bhASaNa na kare aadi| ___ayodhyA meM vyavasAya na calane se dhanadatta dhanopArjana ke lie videza gyaa| usakI patnI ne use videza meM bhI isa niyama kA pAlana karane ko khaa| videza meM usane eka seTha ke yahA~ naukarI kI, lekina seTha kA azuddha vyavahAra dekha kara usane naukarI chor3a dii| tatpazcAt eka gA~va meM usane eka zrAvikA ke yahA~ naukarI kI, kintu yahA~ bhI usake niyama kA pAlana na ho pAne ke kAraNa dhanadatta apanA hisAba lekara sAthiyoM se jA milaa| sAthiyoM ko svanagara jAte samaya biMjaure ke phala apanI patnI ko dene ke lie diye| sAthI pravahaNa se gye| mArga meM unake biMjaure ke phala se eka rAjakumAra kA dAha-jvara samApta ho gyaa| tadartha unheM usakA pracura dhana milaa| sabhI sAthI ayodhyA phuNce| dhanadatta ke mitra ne vaha sArA dhana usakI patnI ko de diyaa| patnI ko zaMkA huI ki usake pati ne apanA vrata bhaMga kara diyA hai, parantu mitra dvArA dravya-prApti kA sampUrNa vRttAnta sunakara yaha santuSTa ho gii| aba to dharma meM usakI ruci aura adhika dRr3ha ho gyii| usane nagara meM acchI pratiSThA prApta kara lI aura dAna Adi dharmakRtya karane lgii| idhara dhanadatta phaTehAla svadeza lauttaa| patnI aura mitra se sArA vRtta jJAtakara vaha bhI bahuta Anandita huA aura AnandapUrvaka jIvana vyatIta karane lgaa| anta meM usane saMyama-dharma kA pAlana karake mokSa-pada prApta kiyaa| 4.1.16 puMjAratnaRSi-rAsa __ puMjAratnaRSi ke vyaktitva evaM kartRtva kA pratipAdana karatI huI prastuta kRti kavi kI vinItatA, guNagrAhakatA tathA sAmpradAyika udAratA ko abhivyakta karatI hai| kavi ne isakI racanA zrAvaNa zuklA 5, saMvat 1698 meM kI thii| isa viSaya meM kavi ne svayaM hI likhA hai - saMvat sola aThANuvai, zrAvaNa paMcamI ajuvAlai re| rAsa bhaNyo raliyAmaNo, zrI samayasundara guNa gAyai re|| 1. puMjAratna-RSi-rAsa (37)

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samayasundara kI racanAe~ 193 __ Alocya kRti meM kavi samayasundara puMjAratna (puMjaratna) RSi ke saMbaMdha meM kahate haiM ki gujarAta rAjya ke rAjita grAma meM karaDuA paTila gotra ke gorA nAmaka zramaNopAsaka rahate the| unakI patnI kA nAma dhanabAI thaa| zramaNopAsaka gorA pArzvacandragaccha ke vimalacandrasUri se pratibodha pAkara rAjanagara meM vi0 saM0 1670 kI Azvina zuklA 9 ko pravrajita ho gyaa| tatpazcAt gorA puMjaratna RSi ke nAma se prakhyAta huaa| usane apane saMyama-kAla meM ugra tapasyA karake apanI AtmA ko granthiyoM se vimukta karane kA athaka prayAsa kiyaa| prastuta kRti meM RSi ke 28 varSa taka kiye gaye stutya tapa kA hI varNana hai| kavi ne bhAva-vibhora hokara isa RSi kI tapasyA kI anumodanA kI hai| kavi ne RSi kRta sabhI tapoM kA alaga-alaga ullekha kiyA hai| anta meM kavi ne yaha bhI nirdeza diyA hai ki samprati aisA koI anya tapasvI nahIM hai - Aja to tapasI ehavo, puMjA RSi sarIkho na dIsai re| tehane vaMdatA viharAvatAM, harakhekari hiyar3o hIMsai re||1 isa kRti meM 37 gAthAe~ haiN| isakI hastalikhita prati zrI abhaya jaina granthAlaya, bIkAnera meM hai tathA prastuta kRti 'samayasundara kRti kusumAMjali' meM prakAzita bhI hai| 4.1,17 draupadI-caupAI 'draupadI-caupAI' samayasundara kI pratibhA se prasUta huI, praur3hatama kRtiyoM meM se eka hai| kavi kI vRddha avasthA meM isa kRti kA praNayana huA thaa| isakA racanA-kAla vikrama saMvat 1700 kA mAgha mAsa aura racanA sthala ahamadAbAda hai, jaisA ki kavi ne likhA hai - ahamadAbAda nagara mAhe, saMvat sataraha sai varasai re| mAha mAsa thai caupaI, huMsI mANasa ne haraSai re||2 isa kRti ke lekhana evaM isake saMzodhana meM kavi ke do ziSya sahAyaka bane - 1. vAcaka harSanandana aura 2. hrsskushl| kavi ne svayaM uparyukta tathya kA spaSTa saMketa kiyA hai vAcaka harSanandana valI, haraSakusalai sAnidha kIdhI re| likhaNa sojhaNa sAhAyya thakI, tiNa turata pUrI kara dIdhI re // 3 prastuta kRti meM draupadI kI kathA nibaddha hai| isakA mUla kathAnaka 'jJAtAdharmakathAMga' ke 'dovaI' (draupadI) nAmaka adhyayana para AdhArita hai| caupAI tIna khaNDoM meM vibhAjita hai aura inameM saba milAkara 34 DhAleM haiN| sampUrNa racanA 1001 zloka pramANa hai| abhI taka isa kRti kA prakAzana nahIM huA hai| 1. puMjAratna-RSi-rAsa (35) 2. draupadI-caupAI (3.7.5) 3. vahI (3.7.6)

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194 mahopAdhyAya samayasundara : vyaktitva evaM kRtitva kavi ne prastuta kathA ke mAdhyama se karma-vipAka ke siddhAnta kA pratipAdana kiyA hai| manuSya sAmAnya se lAbha yA viSaya-bhoga kI kAmanA se prerita hokara kabhI-kabhI aisA kutsita tathA krara karma kara baiThatA hai ki jisakA duSphala use sudIrghakAla taka bhogane ke liye bAdhya honA par3atA hai| draupadI kI kathA isa tathya ko sahaja rUpa se pradarzita karatI hai| 'draupadI-caupAI' kI kathAvastu saMkSepa meM yoM hai - __draupadI ke pUrvajIvana kI kathA usake nAgazrI brAhmaNI ke bhava se prArambha karate hue kavi ne likhA hai ki jambUdvIpa ke bharatakSetra meM campA nAmaka eka nagarI thii| usameM tIna brAhmaNa-bandhu nivAsa karate the- soma, somadatta aura sommuurti| unakI tIna patniyA~ thIM - nAgazrI, bhUtazrI aura ykssshrii| sabhI eka sAtha rahate the aura vaibhavapUrNa jIvana vyatIta karate the| eka dina nAgazrI ne apane parivAra ke lie bhojana taiyAra kiyaa| bhojana meM usane uttama rIti se tUMbe kI tarakArI banAyI, kintu jaba usane use cakhA to vaha kar3aA evaM viSailA lgaa| ata: usane upAlambha se mukti pAne ke lie usa tarakArI ko eka sthAna para chipAkara rakha diyA aura dUsarI tarakArI banA lii| parivAra ke sabhI sadasya bhojana karake apane-apane kArya meM saMlagna ho ge| nAgazrI gRha meM akelI raha gii| usI samaya mAsakSamaNa ke pAraNe hetu dharmaruci nAmaka eka muni bhikSA ke lie usake ghara aae| nAgazrI ne tapasvI muni ke pAtra meM vaha viSAkta zAka uMDela diyaa| mani usI AhAra ko lekara apane garu dharmaghoSa sthavira ke samIpa phNce| garu usakI gandha se hI samajha gaye ki yaha bhikSA viSayukta hai| aupacArika parIkSaNa karake unhoMne ziSya ko use kisI ekAnta sthAna meM visarjita karane kI AjJA dii| dharmaruci gye| unhoMne usameM se eka banda lekara bhUmi para girA diyA aura usakI pratikriyA kI pratIkSA karane lge| gandha se cIMTiyA~ ekatra ho gyiiN| jyoM hI ve usake rasa kA AsvAdana karatIM, jIvana se hAtha dho baitthtiiN| yaha dekha muni ne yaha socate hue usa tarakArI ko svayaM hI khA liyA ki yadi usa tarakArI kI eka bUnda se itanI cITiyA~ apane prANa kho baiThIM, to jJAta nahIM, sampUrNa tarakArI se kitanI cIMTiyoM kI hiMsA hogii| viSa ne apanA prabhAva dikhAyA aura muni ne samabhAvapUrvaka apanI deha kA visarjana kara diyaa| dharmaruci ke na lauTane para guru ne dUsare ziSya ko unakI khoja ke lie bhejaa| usane sArI vastusthiti spaSTa kii| nAgazrI kA pApa chipA na rhaa| sarvatra usakI carcA phaila gii| gharavAloM ne tAr3anA-tarjanA karake use ghara se bAhara nikAla diyaa| vaha bhikhArina bana gii| antima avasthA meM vaha solaha rogoM se grasta hokara mRtyu ko prApta huii| narakagati, tiryaJcagati Adi vividha gatiyoM meM janma-maraNa karatI huI usane tIvra dukhoM kA anubhava kiyA aura puna: manuSya-bhava prApta kiyaa|

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samayasundara kI racanAe~ 195 dakSiNa bhArata kI campApurI nAmaka nagarI meM sAgaradatta nAmaka samRddha sArthavAha kI patnI bhadrA kI kukSI se nAgazrI ke jIva ne janma prApta kiyaa| usakA nAmakaraNa 'sukumAlikA' huaa| jinadatta sArthavAha hI dharmapatnI indradattA ke putra sAgara ne khela-khela meM usI ke sAtha vivAha karane kA nizcaya kiyaa| donoM kA vivAha ho gayA, parantu vivAha hone para bhI pati dvArA usakA parityAga kara diyA gayA, kyoMki sukumAlikA kI deha kA sparza use talavAra kI dhAra jaisA tIkSNa evaM pAvaka jaisA uSNa lgaa| Agraha karane para sAgara kahatA hai ki maiM mRtyu kA AliMgana kara sakatA hU~, lekina sukumAlikA kA to sparza bhI sahana nahIM kara sktaa| sukumAlikA kA eka dina bhikhArI ke sAtha punarvivAha kiyA gayA, kintu vaha bhI usakA aMga-sparza sahana na kara sakA aura sAgara kI taraha vaha bhI rAta meM hI use chor3akara bhAga gyaa| anta meM usake pitA ne nirAza hokara usase kahA, 'putrI ! tere pApakarma kA udaya hai, use santoSa ke sAtha bhoga / ' pitA ne dAnazAlA khola dI / sukumAlikA dAna detI huI apanA samaya vyatIta karane galI / eka bAra gopAlikA nAmaka sAdhvI kA bhikSA ke lie usake yahA~ Agamana huaa| sukumAlikA ne apanA duHkhita Atma-vRtta sunAyA aura duHkha se mukti kI yukti puuchii| sAdhvI ne use upadeza diyA, jisase prabhAvita hokara usane sAdhvI - dIkSA grahaNa kara lI / AtApanA lete hue eka dina sAdhvI sukumAlikA ne pA~ca puruSoM ke sAtha vilAsa karatI eka vezyA ko dekhaa| usake antaratama meM dabI vAsanA uddIpta ho utthii| usake mana meM bhI isI taraha ke sukhabhoga kI lAlasA paidA huI / usane nidAna (saMkalpa) kiyA ki 'merI tapasyA kA phala ho, to maiM bhI isI prakAra pA~ca patiyoM se vilAsa kruuN|' nidAna, sAdhaka jIvana kA zalya hai aura zalya se tIvra karmabandha hotA hai| isa prakAra sukumAlikA ne apanI sAdhanA ko sAMsArika sukhabhoga prApta karane ke lie naSTa kara diyaa| AyuSya pUrNa hone para vaha devagati meM deva-gaNikA ke rUpa meM utpanna huI / deva - paryAya kA anta hone para usakA janma paMcAla deza kI kaMpilA nAmaka nagarI ke rAjA drupada kI kanyA ke rUpa meM huA / yauvana- vaya meM usake svayaMvara kA Ayojana kiyA gyaa| svayaMvara meM vAsudeva kRSNa, pANDuva Adi aneka rAjA upasthita hue| draupadI ne pA~coM pANDavoM kA varaNa kiyaa| isa para kisI ne koI Apatti nahIM kI, mAno vaha koI vizeSa ghaTanA nahIM thI / isase tatkAlIna sAmAjika rIti-rivAjoM para acchA prakAza par3atA hai| ( mahAbhArata meM draupadI ke varaNa kA zreya arjuna ko usakI dhanurvidyA ke kauzala se prApta hotA hai, jabaki jaina- paramparA meM draupadI pA~coM pANDavoM kA eka hI sAtha varaNa karatI hai / isa varaNa meM usake pUrvabhava kA 'nidAna' hI kAraNa hai / )

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196 mahopAdhyAya samayasundara : vyaktitva evaM kRtitva draupadI kA pA~coM pANDavoM ke sAtha vidhivat vivAha sampanna huA aura vaha unake sAtha hastinApura jAkara AnandapUrvaka rahane lgii|| eka bAra nArada RSi hastinApura aae| sabane unakA yathocita sammAna Adi kiyA, lekina draupadI apane Asana para hI baiThI rhii| nArada draupadI se ruSTa ho ge| unhoMne usase badalA lene kA vicAra kiyaa| ve AkAza-patha se amara-kaMkA ke rAjA padmanAbha ke pAsa phuNce| draupadI ke saundarya kI atizaya prazaMsA karake padmanAbha ko usake prati llcaayaa| padmanAbha ne daivI sahAyatA se draupadI kA haraNa krvaayaa| (mahAbhArata meM draupadI kA cIra-haraNa hotA hai, kintu jaina-paramparA meM svayaM draupadI kA hI apaharaNa ho jAtA hai|) aba draupadI kA jIvana saMskArita ho cukA thaa| padmanAbha ne jaba use bhoga ke lie nimantrita kiyA, to usane chaha mAsa kI avadhi mAMgI, kyoMki use vizvAsa thA ki isa avadhi meM zrIkRSNa yahA~ Akara usakA avazya uddhAra kreNge| huA bhI yhii| kRSNa pANDavoM sahita amarakaMkA pahu~ca gye| sarvaprathama padmanAbha se pANDavoM kA yuddha huA, kintu jaba pANDava use harA na sake, to kRSNa raNAGgaNa meM utre| unhoMne use parAjita kiyA aura draupadI kA uddhAra kiyaa| padmanAbha draupadI kI zaraNa meM aayaa| draupadI ne use kRSNa dvArA kSamA dilvaaii| vahA~ se hastinApura lauTate samaya pANDavoM ko kucha zarArata suujhii| unhoMne naukA se gaMgA pAra kI, lekina yaha socakara naukA vApasa nahIM bhejI ki dekheM kRSNa binA naukA ke gaMgA kaise pAra kara paaeNge| calo, Aja unakI zakti kI parIkSA kI jaaye| kRSNa ne bhujAoM se tairakara gaMgA ko pAra kiyaa| vastusthiti jJAta hone para kRSNa vAsudeva kupita ho uThe aura unhoMne pANDavoM ko dezanirvAsana kI AjJA de dii| anta meM kuntI ke nivedana para kRSNa ne dakSiNasamudra ke kinAre pANDu nAmaka nagarI banAkara rahane kI svIkRti de dii| pANDavoM ne vaisA hI kiyaa| yathA samaya draupadI ne eka putra kA prasava kiyaa| usakA nAma 'pANDusena' rakhA gyaa| rAjya kA saMcAlana karane yogya hone para use 'yuvarAja' banA diyA gyaa| ekadA eka sthavira muni ke upadeza se pANDava pratibuddha ho gye| unhoMne pANDusena ko rAjya siMhAsana para AsIna kiyA aura svayaM dIkSita ho ge| draupadI ne apane patiyoM kA anusaraNa kiyaa| anta meM pANDavoM ne karmakSaya karake zatrujayagiri para mukti prApta kI aura draupadI ne pA~cavA~ devaloka prApta kiyaa| bhaviSya meM vaha uttama avatAra grahaNa kregii| 4.2 chattIsI-sAhitya kavipravara samayasundarakRta kula sAta chattIsiyA~ prApta huI haiN| samayasundara ko chattIsa kI saMkhyA se bar3A prema thaa| unhoMne apane choTe-choTe gItoM ko bhI chattIsa-chattIsa ke rUpa meM saMkalita kara use chattIsI nAma de diyA thaa| inakI carcA hama phuTakara-sAhitya ke antargata kreNge| yahA~ hama kevala unake maulika chattIsI-sAhitya kA paricaya deNge| isake antargata nimnalikhita kRtiyoM kA paricaya diyA jA rahA hai -

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samayasundara kI racanAe~ 4.2.1 karma - chattIsI prastuta vivecya kRti meM karma siddhAnta kA vivecana hai| karma kI gati samajhAne ke lie isameM 27 prasiddha vyaktiyoM ke jIvana kI ghaTanAoM kA ullekha huA hai| karmavipAka kitanA bhayaMkara hotA hai, isI ko prastuta karanA vivecya kRti kA varNya viSaya hai / isameM 36 pada haiN| isakI racanA mulatAna nagara meM vi0 saM0 1668 meM huI thI - aisI sUcanA kRti ke anta meM kavi ne svayaM dI hai / yaha kRti 'samayasundara kRti kusumAMjali' meM prakAzita hai| 4.2.2 puNya - chattIsI saMvata nidhi darasaNa rasa zazihara, sidhapura nagara majhAra jI | zAntinAtha suprasAde kIdhI, puNya chattIsI sAra jI // isase avagata hotA hai ki yaha kRti siddhapura nagara meM vikrama saMvat 1669 meM racI gaI thii| isameM 36 pada haiN| puNya karmoM ke udaya ke phalasvarUpa prApta prazasta tathA uttama avasthA kA varNana karanA hI isa racanA kA pratipAdya viSaya hai / isa kRti meM kavi ne 31 mahApuNyavAna puruSoM kI jIvana- ghaTanAoM kA nirdeza diyA hai| yaha kRti 'samayasundara kRti kusumAMjali' meM prakAzita hai / 4.2.3 kSamA-chattIsI 197 kSamA mAnava kA prathama dharma hai| yaha jainadharma kA prANa hai| krodha-zatru se vijaya prApta karane kA yaha anupama zastra hai| ise samajhAne ke lie kavi ne kSamA-chattIsI meM 26 mahApuruSoM ke dRSTAntoM ko prastuta kiyA hai| kSamA kA mAhAtmya batAne kI dRSTi se yaha kRti mahattvapUrNa hai| prastuta racanA jaina samAja meM kAphI pracalita hai| isameM 36 pada haiN| isakI racanA nAgaura nagara meM huI thii| isameM kavi ne kRti ke racanA-kAla kA nirdeza nahIM diyA hai| 'zatruJjaya rAsa' meM prApta ullekhoM ke AdhAra para sUcanA milatI hai ki kavi vi0 saM0 1682 ke zrAvaNa mAha meM nAgaura the| isase yaha anumAna kiyA jAtA hai ki inhIM dinoM meM kavi ne kSamA- chattIsI kI racanA kI hogii| isakA sampAdana 'samayasundara kRti kusumAMjali' meM huA hai| 4.2.4 santoSa - chattIsI samayasundara ne isa racanA kA nirmANa vi0 saM0 1684 ke varSAvAsa meM lUNakaraNasara ke zrAvakoM ke hita ke lie kiyA thA / racanA meM prApta sandarbhoM ke AdhAra para vidita hotA hai ki usa samaya lUNakaraNasara ke zrAvakoM meM pA~ca varSoM se paraspara mana-muTAva evaM asantoSa vyApta thA, jise samApta karane ke uddezya se kavi ne yaha racanA likhI thii| isameM kavi ko saphalatA prApta huI aura cAroM tarapha Ananda kI lahareM chA gyiiN| isake kAraNa kavi ko sammAna aura yaza prApta huaa|

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198 mahopAdhyAya samayasundara : vyaktitva evaM kRtitva santoSa chattIsI meM kavi ne santoSa-dharma aMgIkAra karane vAle 22 viziSTa puruSoM ke karttakva kA ullekha karate hue santoSa-guNa kA mAhAtmya prastuta kiyA hai| yaha mAhAtmya 36 padoM meM vyaMjita hai| nAhaTA-bandhuoM dvArA sampAdita samayasundara kRti kusumAMjali' meM yaha kRti saMgrahIta hai| 4.2.5 satyAsiyA duSkAla-varNana-chattIsI kavi samayasundara kI yaha kRti atyanta mahattvapUrNa hai| isameM gurjara deza meM hue vi0 saM0 1687 ke akAla kA varNana hai| isameM akAla ke kAraNa gujarAta ke sAmAjika, dhArmika evaM sAMskRtika jIvana-mUlyoM meM kaisA parivartana A gayA thA, isakA kavi ne sajIva citraNa kiyA hai| isa saMbaMdha meM AcArya hajArIprasAda dvivedI ne bhI likhA hai ki kavi ne isakA bar3A hI hRdaya-drAvaka aura jIvanta varNana kiyA hai| gujarAta ke isa akAla kA kavi ke vyaktigata jIvana para gaharA prabhAva par3A thaa| unake isa varNana meM itanI sajIvatA Ane kA mUlabhUta kAraNa yaha hai ki kavi ne AtmaniSTha hokara svayaM isa pIr3A ko bhogA hai| yahA~ taka ki unheM jIvana-rakSA ke nimitta apane pAtra aura zAstra taka bhI becane pdd'e| isa duSkAla meM kavi kI Apa bItI ghaTanAoM kA vistRta vivaraNa hama unake jIvana kA paricaya dete hue prathama adhyayana meM de cuke haiN| ata: yahAM usa para punaH carcA karanA punarAvRtti hI hogii| phira bhI itanA to hama kaha hI sakate haiM ki 'satyAsiyA duSkAla-varNana-chattIsI' kavi kI eka sazakta racanA hai, jisameM kavi ke antas kI pIr3A mukhara ho uThI hai| prastuta racanA meM racanA-sthala evaM racanA-kAla donoM kA hI nirdeza kavi ne nahIM kiyA hai| 'campaka-zreSThi-caupAI' ke dUsare khaNDa kI chaThI DhAla meM kavi ne vi0 saM0 1687 meM isa duSkAla ke hone kI bAta likhI hai| yahI bAta 'vizeSa-zataka' kI prazasti meM bhI sUcita hai| kavi vi0 saM0 1687 meM pATaNa meM the| yaha tathya 'jayatihuaNa-vRtti' aura 'bhaktAmara stotra' kI 'subodhikA-vRtti' se spaSTa hotA hai| ataH spaSTa hai ki kavi ne vi0 saM0 1687 meM pATaNa meM isa chattIsI kI racanA kI hogii| nAhaTA-bandhuoM ko prastuta kRti ke phuTakara varNanavAle padyoM kI kaI prakAra kI pratiyAM milI thiiN| isake AdhAra para unhoMne anumAna lagAyA hai ki samaya-samaya para una chandoM kI racanA phuTakara rUpa meM huI aura anta meM pUrti-svarUpa kucha padya banAkara yaha chattIsI rUpa saMkalana taiyAra kara diyA gyaa| yaha kRti 'samayasundara kRti kusumAMjali' meM saMgrahIta hai| 1. samayasundara kRti kusumAMjali, bhUmikA, pRSTha 7 2. samayasundara kRti kusumAMjali, vaktavya, pRSTha 16

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samayasundara kI racanAe~ 4.2.6 prastAva-savaiyA-chattIsI prastuta 'prastAva-savaiyA-chattIsI' kA varNya viSaya devaguru aura dharma ke samyaka svarUpa kA bodha karAnA hai| kavi ne prastuta kRti meM yaha batAne kA prayAsa kiyA hai ki ArAdhya deva kauna ho sakatA hai? usakA vAstavika svarUpa kyA hai? isI prakAra guru kisa prakAra kA honA cAhiye aura dharma kA vAstavika svarUpa kyA hai? isa kRti meM inhIM saba bAtoM kI carcA kI gaI hai| isa kRti meM kavi ne apane yuga meM deva-guru-dharma ke nAma para jo mithyA dhAraNAe~ pracalita thIM, unakA na kevala citraNa kiyA hai apitu unakI samIkSA bhI kI hai| kavi ne prastuta kRti meM dharma ke nAma para pracalita Atma-pravaMcanAoM kI bhI kharI samIkSA kI hai aura yaha batAyA hai ki sAmpradAyika vyAmoha aura durAgrahoM ke kAraNa dharma kA yathArtha svarUpa kisa prakAra ojhala ho jAtA hai| prastuta kRti meM kavi kA uddezya sampradAyagata durAgrahoM se Upara uThakara dharma ke zuddha svarUpa kA pratipAdana hai| unake yuga meM sAmpradAyika durAgraha kitane bar3ha gaye the, isakA sajIva citraNa hameM isa kRti meM milatA hai| kavi ne isa samagra vivecana meM apane ko eka nirapekSa draSTA ke rUpa meM prastuta kiyA hai| apanI isa kRti meM kavi ne likhA hai - kharatara tapA AMcaliyA pAsacanda AgamIyA punamiyA sAra, kaDuyAmatI digambara lukA, caurAsI gaccha aneka prakAra / AMpa ApaNau gacha thApai sagalA, khavauM Thoki AMNI ahaMkAra, samayasundara kahai kahyA ja karau SaNi, bhagavaMta bhAkhai te zrIkAra // moTau gaccha amhArau dekhau, mANasa baisaI ghaNA~ bakhAMNi, garva ma kari re mUDha gamArA, samaya-samaya aNaMtI haaNnni| sUtra mAMhi eka dasavaikAlika, jatI mAMti dupasaha sUri jAMNi, samayasundara kahai kuNa jANai re, kahau gacha rahisyai primaanni||1 'prastAva-savaiyA-chattIsI' meM kula 36 padya haiM to savaiyA chanda meM racita haiN| isakA nirmANa-sthala khambhAta nagara evaM nirmANa-kAla vi0 saM0 1690 hai| isa tathya kA ullekha kavi ne isa prakAra kiyA hai - saMvala sola neuyA varaSe, zrI khaMbhAyata nayara majhAri // 2 yaha chattIsI bhI samayasundara kRti kusumAMjali' meM prakAzita hai| 1. prastAva-savaiyA-chattIsI (12,13) 2. vahI (26)

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200 mahopAdhyAya samayasundara : vyaktitva evaM kRtitva 4.2.7 AloyaNA-chattIsI ___jainoM ke anusAra apane kiye hue pApoM kA vivecana yA prakAzana karanA hI AlocanA hai| kavi ne isa kRti meM vartamAnakAlika aura bhUtakAlika kRta pApoM kI AlocanA karanA aparihArya batAyA hai| isa kRti meM 36 pada haiN| kRti meM upalabdha sAkSyoM ke AdhAra para jJAta hotA hai ki kavi ne vi0 saM0 1698 meM ahamadapura meM isakI racanA kI thii| kavi svayaM likhate haiM - saMvata sola aTThANue, ahamadapura mAMhi / samayasundara kahai maI karI, AloyaNA ucchaahi|| prastuta Alocya kRti jaina-samAja meM nitya karma meM prAyaH bolI jAtI hai| ataH isakA prakAzana bhI aneka granthoM meM aura aneka sthAnoM se huA hai| isa kRti kA sarvaprathama prakAzana 'Atma-hitopadeza' grantha meM huA hai, jo ki zAha bAlAbhAI khuzAla hAjI, nizApola, ahamadAbAda se prakAzita hai| 4.3 anya racanAe~ isa zIrSaka ke antargata hama una vRhat bhASA-racanAoM kA samAveza kareMge, jo pUrvokta donoM vargoM se bhinna haiN| aisI racanAe~ haiM4.3.1 yati-ArAdhanA 4.3.2 sAdhu-vandanA 4.3.3 kezI-pradezI-prabandha 4.3.4 dAna-zIla-tapa-bhAva-saMvAda uparyukta racanAoM kA paricaya nIce prastuta hai4.3.1 yati-ArAdhanA prastuta kRti 'yati-ArAdhanA' tathA 'sAdhu ArAdhanA' - donoM nAmoM se prasiddha hai, kyoMki granthArambha meM 'sAdhu-ArAdhanA' zabda kA prayoga kiyA gayA hai aura granthAnta meM 'yati-ArAdhanA' kaa| vastutaH yati aura sAdhu donoM paryAyavAcI zabda haiM, ataH zabdoM meM antara hote hue bhI donoM ke artha meM antara nahIM hai| prastuta kRti gadya meM hai| isakI bhASA prAcIna hindI hai, kintu kRti ke Adi evaM anta meM bhUmikA va upasaMhAra saMskRta-padya meM haiN| yadyapi zrI agaracanda nAhaTA ne isa kRti ko saMskRta-bhASA meM viracita mAnA hai, kintu yaha kRti saMskRta-bhASA meM racI huI nahIM hai, apitu prAcIna hindI meM hai| isakA racanA-kAla vikrama saMvat 1685 aura racanAsthAna riNInagara hai| jaina sAdhuoM ke AcAra tathA sAdhanA-paddhati kA nirUpaNa karanA hI isakA pratipAdya viSaya hai| ___ yaha bhI ullekhanIya hai ki 'zrAvakArAdhanA' evaM 'yati-ArAdhanA' donoM kA varNyaviSaya eka-sA hai| antara kevala itanA hI hai ki 'zrAvakArAdhanA' zrAvaka kI apekSA 1. sItArAma-caupAI, sampAdakIya

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201 samayasundara kI racanAe~ se likhita hai aura yati ArAdhanA' sAdhu kI apekSA se| prastuta kRti ke varNya viSaya meM jo bhinnatA hai, use Age prastuta kiyA jA rahA hai| kRtikAra ne vivecana kI suvidhA ke lie 'yati-ArAdhanA' ko cha: adhikAroM meM vibhAjita kiyA hai| ve haiM - 1. samyaktva-zuddhiH, 2. aSTAdaza-pApa-sthAnaka-parihAraH, 3. caturazItilakSajIvayonikSAmaNam, 4.saMyama-virAdhanAyAmithyA-duSkRtaM dAnam, 5. duSkRtagardA evaM 6. sukRt-anumodnaa| samyaktva-zuddhi nAmaka prathama adhikAra meM AhAra grahaNa karane ke pazcAt vItarAgapratimA ke samakSa IryApathiko pratikramaNa, caityavandana Adi karake samyaktva-zuddhi kI vidhi yA ArAdhanA kA varNana kiyA gayA hai| zeSa viSaya-vastu 'zrAvakArAdhanA' ke prathama adhikAra ke samAna hai| _ 'aSTAdaza-pApasthAnaka-parihAra' aura 'caturazItijIvayonikSAmaNam' nAmaka dvitIya evaM tRtIya adhikAra kI viSaya vastu 'zrAvakArAdhanA' ke dvitIya evaM tRtIya adhikAra ke sadRza hai| prApta pANDulipi meM 'saMyamavirAdhanAyAmithyAduSkRtadAnam' aura 'duSkRta-garhA' nAmaka caturtha tathA paMcama adhikAra se saMbaMdhita patra truTita evaM paraspara ati saMzliSTa haiN| phira bhI jitanA par3hA jA sakA, usake AdhAra para yaha jJAta hotA hai ki inameM muniyoM kI gocarI (bhikSA) ke 42 doSa evaM mAMDale ke pAMca doSoM kA vivaraNa prastuta kiyA gayA hai| isa prakAra gaucarI ke kula 47 doSoM meM se jo doSa lagA ho, usake nivAraNa ke lie 'micchAmi dukkaDaM' dene kA nirdeza kiyA gayA hai, arthAt ve duSkRta mithyA hoM, isake lie kSamA-yAcanA karanI caahiye| isake atirikta jJAna kI virAdhanA aura pA~ca mahAvrata, pA~ca samiti, tIna gupti, bAraha tapa, caraNa sattarI evaM karaNa sattarI ke prati hue doSoM kI bhI AlocanA karane kA nirdeza diyA gayA hai| sukRta anumodanA nAmaka SaSTha adhikAra meM pA~ca mahAvrata, pA~ca samiti, tIna gupti, nirdoSa-gocarI, savidhi, tapa, yAtrA, bAraha bhAvanA Adi vrata ke pAlana kI anumodanA karane kA vidhAna kiyA gayA hai| isakI hastalikhita prati zrI abhaya jaina granthAlaya, bIkAnera meM upalabdha huI hai| 4.3.2 sAdhu-vandanA ___ jaina saMgha meM sAdhu-sAdhviyoM ko sammAnapUrNa sthAna prApta hai| paJca parameSThI kI vandanA ke antargata sAdhu-sAdhviyoM kI bhI vandanA kI jAtI hai| prastuta kRti meM bhI vigata, vartamAna aura bhAvI sAdhu sAdhviyoM kI vandanA kI gaI hai| isameM kavi ne AgamoM meM varNita 583 pramukha sAdhu-sAdhviyoM ke nAmoM kA ullekha karate hue unheM zraddhApUrvaka vandanA kI hai| kavi ne kRti meM bhI ullekha kiyA hai ki prastuta kRti kI racanA karane kI merI

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202 mahopAdhyAya samayasundara : vyaktitva evaM kRtitva bahuta samaya se abhIpsA thii| isase aisA lagatA hai ki kavi ne isakI racanA kara eka viziSTa Atma-zAnti kA anubhava kiyA hogA - hUMsa hutI mujhanai ghaNI, ghaNA divasa nI eha / karisyuM sAdhu nai vaMdanA, Aja saphala thai teha / / dhyAna dharatA sAdhunau, cokhau thAyai citt| jIbha thAyai guNa joDatAM, suNitAM kAna pavitta / / prastuta rAsa meM 18 DhAleM haiN| isakI racanA ahamadAbAda meM vi0 saM0 1697 ke caitra mAsa meM pUrNa huii| kavi ne svayaM nirdeza kiyA hai - saMvat sola sattANUye, caitra mAsa zrI ahamadAbAdo re| samayasundara kahai mai kIdhI, sAdhu vandanA guru parasAdo re|| Alocya rAsa kI hastalikhita pratilipiyA~ abhaya jaina granthAlaya aura zrI khajAMcI saMgraha, bIkAnera meM upalabdha haiN| yaha rAsa abhI taka prakAzita nahIM huA hai| 4.3.3 kezI-pradezI-prabandha yaha eka laghu prabandha hai| isameM kathA ke mAdhyama se AtmA aura zarIra kI pRthakatA ko siddha kiyA gayA hai| prastuta prabandha meM kavi ne likhA hai ki tIrthaMkara pArzvanAtha kI paramparA ke zramaNa kezI zvetAmbikA nagarI ke mantrI citta ke nimantraNa para zrAvastI nagarI se zvetAmbikA aae| vahA~ kA rAjA nAstika thaa| kezI aura pradezI meM prazrottara hue| pradezI ne aneka udAharaNa dekara yaha siddha karane kA prayAsa kiyA ki zarIra se vyatirikta AtmA kA koI pRthak astitva nahIM hai| kezI ne usake abhI udAharaNoM kA puSTa pramANoM se khaNDana kara yaha pramANita kara diyA ki zarIra evaM AtmA donoM pRthak-pRthak haiN| kavi ne ye praznottara bar3I hI saTIka zailI meM likhe haiN| anta meM zramaNa kezI se pratibodhika hokara rAjA zramaNopAsaka bana gayA aura usane zrAvaka ke bAraha vrata grahaNa kara liye| vaha dharmArAdhanA karatA huA samAdhipUrvaka mRtyu ko prApta huA aura sUryAbha nAmaka vimAna meM utpanna huaa| vahA~ se apanI Ayu zeSa kara mahAvideha kSetra meM siddha hogaa| ___ kavi samayasundara ne prabandha ke anta meM yaha bhI nirdeza diyA hai ki yaha kezIpradezI-prabandha maiMne rAyapaseNI (rAjaprazrIya) sUtra ke AdhAra para kahA hai| prabandha cAra DhAloM meM gamphita hai| isameM samagra 57 padya haiN| isakA lekhana-kAla saM0 1699, caitra sudi 2 hai| samayasundara se pUrva jina jaina muniyoM ne prastuta kathAnaka para racanA likhIM, unameM kuzalaruci kA nAma ullekhya hai| unake paravartI kAla meM bhI cAritropAdhyAya Adi ne isa kathA ko nibaddha kiyA hai| vivecya kRti ahamadAbAda kI hAjApaTela pola ke madhyavartI kharataragaccha upAzraya meM likhI gii|

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samayasundara kI racanAe~ 203 4.3.4 dAna-zIla-tapa-bhAva-saMvAda vivecya kRti ke zIrSaka se hI spaSTa hai ki isameM dAna-zIla-tapa evaM bhAva ke saMbaMdha meM vivecana hai| ye cAroM dharma-ratha ke catuScakra haiM / kavi samayasundara batAte haiM ki jaba bhagavAn mahAvIra rAjagRha-udyAna meM dezanA dene hetu samavasaraNa para AsIna hue, taba dAna, zIla, tapa aura bhAva kramazaH pratyeka ne bhagavAn se nivedana kiyA ki sarvaprathama Apake pravacana meM merI hI prazaMsA kI jaaye| kavi ne jisa cAturya ke sAtha ina cAroM ke saMvAda meM apane guNoM kI prazaMsA aura dUsaroM kI nindA karavAI hai, vaha vastutaH jJAnavarddhaka hone ke sAtha hI sAtha manoraMjaka bhI ho| anta meM mahAvIra ne cAroM ko sAntvanA dene ke lie svayaM caturmukha hokara isa caturvidha dharma kI prarUpaNA kii| prastuta kRti meM samagra 101 padya haiM, zloka-gaNanA ke AdhAra para 135 zloka parimANa hai| yaha kRti sAMgAnera ke padmaprabha jinAlaya meM unake prasAda se kavi ne nirmita kii| prastuta kRti jisa grantha meM mudrita hai, usameM isakA racanA-kAla isa prakAra diyA gayA hai - solai sai chAMsaThi samai re, sAMgAnayara mjhaari| padama prabhu supasAulai re, eha bhaNyau adhikAro re // uparyukta paMktiyoM se prastuta kRti kA racanA-kAla vi0 saM0 1666 siddha hotA hai, kintu hameM isakI mUla pANDulipiyoM meM 'chAsaThi' zabda ke sthAna para adhikatara 'vAsaThi' zabda kA prayoga upalabdha huA hai| mohanalAla da0 desAI ne bhI isakA racanAkAla 1662 ullikhita kiyA hai| ataH isakA racanA-kAla vi0 saM0 1662 hI adhika ucita lagatA hai| vidvAnoM ne prastuta kRti kA alaga-alaga nAmakaraNa kiyA hai| mahopAdhyAya vinayasAgara ke anusAra isakA nAma 'dAnAdi cauDhAliyA' hai aura nAhaTA-bandhuoM ke anusAra dAna-zIla-tapa-bhAvanA-saMvAda zataka' hai, jabaki kavivara ne isakA nAma 'dAnazIla-tapa-bhAvanA-saMvAda' hI rakhA hai - dAna zIla tapa bhAvanA re, sarasa racyau saMvAdo re| bhaNatAM guNatAM bhAvasuM re, riddhi samRddhi suprasAdo re|| prastuta kRti meM 100 yA 101 padya hone se yadi isakA nAma dAna-zIla-tapabhAvanA-saMvAda-zataka rakhA jAe, to asaMgati pUrNa nahIM hogaa| dAna-zIla-tapa-bhAvanA-saMvAda-zataka kI hastalikhita pANDulipi abhaya jaina granthAlaya, bIkAnera meM hai| isakA prakAzana 'samayasundara kRti kusumAMjali' nAmaka grantha meM huA hai| 1. samayasundara kRti kusumAMjali, dAna-zIla-tapa-bhAva-saMvAda-zataka (5,6), pRSTha 593 2. Ananda-kAvya-mahodadhi, mauktika 7, kavivara samayasundara, pRSTha 35

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204 mahopAdhyAya samayasundara : vyaktitva evaM kRtitva 5. bhASA-TIkA mahopAdhyAya samayasundara ne bhASA meM bhI TIkA likhI hai| samprati, kevala eka hI bhASA-TIkA prApta huI hai| vaha hai 'ssddaavshyk-baalaavbodh'| bAlAvabodha vastutaH sAmAnya buddhivAle logoM ko parijJAna karAne ke lie aura unheM adhyayana kI ora pravRtta karane ke lie likhA jAtA hai| prastuta hai, SaDAvazyaka-bAlAvabodha kA paricayAtmaka adhyyn| 5.1 SaDAvazyaka-bAlAvabodha prastuta kRti SaT Avazyaka-karma kI lokabhASA meM eka vyAkhyA hai| SaT Avazyaka jaina dharma ke avazya karaNIya karttavya haiN| zramaNa aura zrAvaka- donoM ke lie inakA pAlana karanA anivArya hai| doSoM ke vizodhana evaM guNoM ke pragaTana ke lie SaT Avazyaka kI sAdhanA apekSita hai| ye chaha Avazyaka nimnAMkita haiM - sAmAiyaM cauvIsattho vaMdaNayaM / paDikkamaNaM kAusaggo paccakkhANaM // arthAt sAmAyika, caturviMzati jinastava, vandana, pratikramaNa, kAyotsarga aura pratyAkhyAna- ye chaha Avazyaka haiN| inakA vivecana 'Avazyaka sUtra' meM savistAra kiyA gayA hai, jise SaDAvazyaka sUtra bhI kahate haiN| Avazyaka kA mahattva batAte hue jJAnasAra meM likhA hai ki Avazyaka kriyA AtmA ko prApta bhAvazuddhi se girane nahIM detI, guNoM kI vRddhi ke lie tathA prApta guNoM se skhalita na hone ke lie Avazyaka-kriyA kA AcaraNa atyanta upayogI hai| zAstra kahatA hai, jo zramaNa Avazyaka karma nahIM karatA, vaha cAritra se bhraSTa hai| ataH pUrvokta krama se Avazyaka avazya karanA caahiye|3 nandIsUtra Adi zAstra-granthoM meM Avazyaka ko svatantra Agama mAnA gayA hai| isa Agama para niyukti, cUrNi, vRtti, TIkA, TabbA, bAlAvabodha ityAdi ke rUpa meM aneka vyAkhyAtmaka racanAe~ upalabdha hotI haiN| vivecya kRti bhI SaDAvazyaka kI eka subodha evaM sarala vyAkhyA hai| bAlAvabodha likhane kI eka lambI paramparA rahI hai| hindI-sAhitya meM bAlAvabodha zailI kA prArambha jainAcAryoM ne hI kiyA hai| isa zailI meM likhane vAle lekhakoM meM taruNaprabhasUri (vi0 saM0 1368) prathama the| inakI kRti 'SaDAvazyaka bAlAvabodha' prAcIna hindI-gadya kI prathama evaM praur3ha kRti hai| DA0 satyanArAyaNa svAmI ne bAlAvabodha kI paddhati meM likhI kRtiyoM kI eka dIrghakAlIna paramparA kA ullekha kiyA hai| SaDAvazyaka 1. anuyogadvArasUtra (74) 2. jJAnasAra, kriyASTaka, 5-7 3. niyamasAra, (148) 4. draSTavya - mahAkavi samayasundara aura unakI rAjasthAnI racanAe~, pRSTha 437-440

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205 samayasundara kI racanAe~ para bAlAvabodha likhane vAle lekhakoM meM somasundarasUri (vi0 saM0 1430-99), hemahaMsagaNi (saM0 1501),saMvegadevagaNi (saM0 1514),rAjavallabha (saM0 1530), merusundara (16vIM zatI), mahopAdhyAya samayasundara Adi ke nAma ullekhanIya haiN| samayasundara kRta 'SaDAvazyaka-bAlAvabodha' anya kRta SaDAvazyaka-bAlAvabodhoM kI apekSA apanA vizeSa mahattva rakhatA hai| isakI bhASA Adi ko dekhane para yaha jJAta hotA hai ki yaha kRti sAmAnya pAThakoM ke lie sahaja bodhagamya hai| vastuta: vyAkhyAkAra ne ise sarala se saralatara aura saralatama banAyA hai| racanA adhika bodhagamya ho, isake lie vyAkhyAkAra samayasundara ne isameM sthAna-sthAna para aneka udAharaNa evaM zabdoM ke ekAdhika artha bhI die haiN| 'SaDAvazyaka-bAlAvabodha' kA praNayana rAula kalyANa ke zAsana kAla meM vikrama saMvat 1683 meM huA thaa| kavi ne svayaM yaha nirdeza diyA hai - kalyANamidharAula kSitipato rAjyAzriyaM zAsati / zrImadvikramabhUtestrivasuSaglo saMkhyake vatsare // yaha kRti vi0 saM0 1683 ke cAturmAsa-kAla meM jaisalamera meM nibaddha huI thii| samayasundara ne isakI racanA vimalazI zaMkhavAla, hararAja, thirunandana bhaNasAlI, saMghajI bhaNazAlI, javarAjAMgaja, zrI dvo gUjara phophaliyA ityAdi dharmapremiyoM ke nivedana para kI thii| unhoMne hI likhA hai - sAdhurbhAkharasIsuto vimalasI zrI shNkhvaalaanvyH| saddharmA hararAja eSa bhaNasAlI zrI thirunndnH|| tadgotraH kila saMghajI tisU guNaH zrI jvraajaaNgjH| zrI dvo gUjara nAmakaH pravarathI: zrI phophAlIyanvayaH / / zrI majesalamerudurganagare, pUrva sadA vAsita zcatvArazcaturA amIkRta caturmAsyAM mayA paatthitaa||2 vivecya kRti abhI taka aprakAzita hai| isakI pANDulipi zrI jinakuzalasUri jJAna bhaNDAra, rAmaghATa, vArANasI evaM abhaya jaina granthAlaya, bIkAnera meM upalabdha hai| 6. prakIrNaka racanAe~ maulika saMskRta racanAe~, saMskRta-TIkAe~, saMgraha-grantha, bhASA-kRtiyA~ aura bAlAvabodha yA bhASA-TIkA - ina zIrSakoM ke antargata samAgata racanAoM ke vyatirikta mahAkavi samayasundara kA phuTakara sAhitya bhI pracura hai| bRhat racanAoM ke alAvA unhoMne jo choTI-choTI racanAe~ likhI thIM, una sabako 'prakIrNaka racanAe~' zIrSaka meM rakhA jA 1. SaDAvazyaka bAlAvabodha (prazasti) 2. vahI, prazasti (1-2)

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206 mahopAdhyAya samayasundara : vyaktitva evaM kRtitva sakatA hai| samayasundara kI prakIrNaka racanAoM kA nimnalikhita upazIrSakoM ke antargata paricaya prastuta kiyA jAegA - 6.1 tIrthaGkara-saMbaMdhita racanAe~ 6.2 tIrtha evaM tIrthAdhipatiyoM se saMbaMdhita racanAe~ 6.3 muniyoM se saMbaMdhita racanAe~ 6.4 satiyoM se saMbaMdhita racanAe~ 6.5 guru-gIta 6.6 upadezaparaka racanAe~ 6.7 viraha-gIta 6.8 anya racanAe~ uparyukta upazIrSakAntargata jina prakIrNaka racanAoM kA paricayAtmaka adhyayana prastuta kiyA jAegA, unameM se adhikAMza racanAoM kI hastalikhita pratiyA~ zrI abhaya jaina granthAlaya, bIkAnera meM upalabdha haiM aura sabhI racanAe~ zrI agaracanda nAhaTA, bhaMvaralAla nAhaTA dvArA sampAdita 'samayasundara kRti kusumAMjali' nAmaka grantha meM prakAzita haiN| 6.1 tIrthaGkara-saMbaMdhita racanAe~ jainAgamoM meM yaha mAnA gayA hai ki pratyeka avasarpiNI' tathA 'utsarpiNI' nAmaka kAlacakra meM caubIsa-caubIsa tIrthaGkara hote haiN| tIryate bhavodadhiranena smAt, asminniti yA tIrtham, tatkaraNa zIlaH tIrthaGkaraH1 se vidita hotA hai ki tIrtha kA kartA tIrthaGkara hai aura jisake dvArA bhava-sAgara ko pAra kiyA jAya, vaha tIrtha hai arthAt jina zAsana hI vAstavika tIrtha hai| vartamAna avasarpiNI kAla ke tRtIya-caturtha kAlakhaNDa meM hue 24 tIrthaGkaroM ke nAma isa prakAra haiM - 1. RSabha, 2. ajita, 3. saMbhava, 4. abhinandana, 5. sumati, 6. padmaprabha, 7. supArzva, 8. candraprabha, 9. suvidhi, 10. zItala, 11. zreyAMsa, 12 vAsupUjya, 13. vimala, 14. ananta, 15. dharma, 16. zAnti, 17. kunthu, 18. ara, 19. malli, 20. munisuvrata, 21. nami, 22. ariSTanemi, 23. pArzva tathA 24. vardhamAna (mahAvIra)2 prathama tIrthaGkara RSabhadeva ke lie AdibrahmA, AdinAtha, AdIzvara prabhRti nAma bhI ullikhita hue haiN| antima tIrthaGkara mahAvIra ko bauddhAgamoM meM nigaMThanAtaputta bhI kahA gayA hai| yoM dekhA jAya to kAla kI avichinna dhArA meM na to RSabhadeva prathama haiM aura na mahAvIra antim| yaha paramparA to anAdi ananta hai - na jAne kitanI caubIsiyA~ ho gayI haiM aura Age hoNgii| ye tIrthaGkara vItarAga aura sarvajJa hote haiM, jo mAnavIya sabhyatA evaM 1. uddhRta - vizva hindI-koza, bhAga-5, pRSTha 389 2. caturviMzatistava (1-5) 3. (ka) Agama aura tripiTakaH eka anuzIlana, bhAga, pRSTha 402 (kha) saMyuttanikAya : eka adhyayana, pRSTha 268 se 271 taka (ga) jainijma ina buddhisTa liTarecara, pRSTha 25 4. samaNasuttaM, bhUmikA, pRSTha 12

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samayasundara kI racanAe~ 207 saMskRti ke vikAsa meM apane-apane samaya meM sadAcAra kA bIja-vapana karate haiM aura dharma tathA nIti kA upadeza dete haiN| tIrthaGkara sAdhanA-patha ke niratizaya prakAzastambha haiN| inakI stuti athavA bhakti karane se Atma-svarUpa kA tathA Atma-nihita paramAtma-sthiti kA sAkSAtkAra hotA hai| tIrthaGkaroM kI stuti yA pUjA do rUpa meM kI jAtI hai - 1. dravya evaM 2. bhaav| pavitra vastuoM ke dvArA tIrthaGkara-bimba kI pUjA karanA dravya-pUjA hai aura tIrthaGkaroM ke mahAn guNoM kA kIrtana karanA bhAva-pUjA hai| zramaNopAsaka dravya-pUjA karate haiM aura zramaNa bhaavpuujaa| kavipravara samayasundara eka zramaNa the| ataH unhoMne bhAva-pUjA athavA bhAva-stuti nimitta tIrthaGkaroM kI lalita gItoM meM stutiyA~ kI haiN| kavi ke tIrthaGkaroM ke stutiparaka upalabdha stavanoM, gItoM, bhAsoM, stotroM Adi ko Avazyaka vivaraNa ke sAtha yahA~ yathAkrama diyA jA rahA hai - 6.1.1 saMskRta bhASA meM nibaddha racanAe~ 6.1.1.1 RSabha-bhaktAmara-stotram mAnatuGgAcArya racita 'bhaktAmara-stotra' ke maulika 44 padyoM ke antima caraNoM ko lekara kavi ne prathama tIna caraNoM kI svataH pUrti karate hue vivecya stotra kI racanA kI hai| kavi ne apane bhAvoM ko mAnatuGgAcArya ke bhAvoM ke sAtha isa prakAra se paraspara saMyojita kiyA hai ki isa stotra meM kalApakSa evaM bhAvapakSa donoM kA cittAkarSaka saMgama parilakSita hotA hai ciMtAmaNirmaNiSu dhenuSu kAmadhenurgaGgAnadISu nalineSu ca punnddriike| kalpadrumastaruSu deva! yathA tathAtra, vyaktaM tvameva bhgvnpurussottmosi|| ataH yaha racanA 'samasyA pUrti' athavA 'pAda-pUrti' rUpa racanA hai| isameM kula 45 padya haiN| inameM antima padya meM kavi ne upasaMhAra mAtra kiyA hai, zeSa padya stotra rUpa haiN| prastuta stotra meM kavi ne prathama jinendra RSabhadeva kI stuti karate hue yaha varNana kiyA hai ki unakI kRpA se hI atyanta sAdhAraNa vyakti bhI isa bhava-sAgara se mukta ho jAtA hai| ataeva ve anya sabhI devoM meM zreSTha haiN| inake dhyAna se mAnava kI laukika aura pAralaukika sabhI kAmanAe~ siddha ho jAtI haiN| isalie jinakI bhakti inameM ho jAtI hai, ve kabhI kisI dUsare devatAoM meM anurakta nahIM hote| stotra kA racanA-sthala va racanA-kAla nirdiSTa nahIM hai| 6.1.1.2 nAnAvidha zleSamayaM zrI AdinAthastotram prastuta racanA meM 14 padya haiN| padyoM meM prayukta chandoM meM ekarUpatA nahIM hai| isameM indravajrA, upajAti, mAlinI, vasantatilakA, drutavilambita zArdulanikrIDita Adi chanda 2. samayasundara kRti kusumAMjali, RSabha-bhaktAmara-stotram (25)

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208 mahopAdhyAya samayasundara : vyaktitva evaM kRtitva prayoga kiye gaye haiN| isa racanA meM zleSa-alaMkAra kI lalita chaTA chalakatI huI dRSTigata hotI hai| isameM tIrthaGkara AdinAtha ke guNoM evaM unake mAhAtmya kA varNana kiyA gayA hai| stotra kA racanA-kAla anirdiSTa hai| 6.1.1.3 zrI pArzvanAtha laghu stavana isa stavana meM kavi ne zleSa ke AdhAra para vyAkaraNa-zAstra kI rIti se bhagavAn pArzvanAtha ke svabhAva kI vilakSaNatA batalAI hai| jahA~ eka ora vyAkaraNa-zAstra vigrahapradarzanapUrvaka prakRti (mUla zabda) ke sAtha pratyaya (sup, tiG Adi) ko jor3akara zabdoM kI siddhi karatA hai, vahIM dUsarI ora bhagavAn pArzvanAtha ne prakRti (janasAmAnya ke svabhAva) ke binA hI 'vigraha' (zarIra athavA kalaha) kI upekSA karate hue kevala 'pratyaya' (adhyAtma-jJAna) se hI 'siddhi' (pUrNatA) prApta kI hai| eka anya padya meM bhI kavi ne bhagavAn pArzva kI vyAkaraNa-zAstra se yaha vilakSaNatA batalAI hai ki vyAkaraNazAstra 'Adeza' ko 'sthAnI' ke vighAtaka hone se zatruvat aura 'Agama' ko 'sthAnI' kA vikAsaka hone se mitravat mAnatA hai, kintu pArzvanAtha kA 'Adeza' (upadeza) mitravat hai aura 'Agama' (Aya-parigraha) zatruvat hai| isake atirikta bhI kavi ne zleSa dvArA pArzvanAtha ke vilakSaNa svabhAva kA manohara varNana kiyA hai| ___ stavana meM 6 padya haiN| isakA racanA-kAla ajJAta hai| 6.1.1.4 zrI pArzvanAtha zrRMgATakabandha stavanam isa stotra meM kavi ne bhagavAn pArzvanAtha ke guNoM kA mAhAtmya 'zRMgATaka' bandhamaya padyoM meM prakaTa kiyA hai| isameM zabdoM kI AlaMkArika chaTA ramaNIya hai| isameM 10 pada haiN| isakA praNayana-kAla ajJAta hai| 6.1.1.5 zrI pArzvanAtha hArabandhacalacchRkhalA garbhita stotram yaha racanA 8 padyoM meM nibaddha hai| isakA racanA-kAla anupalabdha hai| sabhI padya 'hArabandha' meM racita haiM, kintu bhAva kI dRSTi se sAmAnya haiN| isameM lalita zabda-vinyAsa karate hue tIrthaGkara pArzva kI prArthanA kI gaI hai| 6.1.1.6 zrI pArzvanAtha yamakabaddha laghu stavanam isa stavana meM bhagavAn pArzvanAtha kI mahimA kA varNana karate hue kavi ne unheM sarva aizvarya-sampanna, dharma-pravarttaka, vItarAga aura mokSa-pradAyaka kahA hai| isa racanA meM kavi ne yamaka alaMkAra kA camatkAra dikhalAyA hai| racanA meM 8 padya haiN| isakA racanAkAla anirdiSTa hai|

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samayasundara kI racanAe~ 6.1.1.7 zrI pArzvanAtha zrRMkhalAmaya laghu stavanam prastuta stavana meM 9 padya haiN| isake racanA- kAla kI kavi ne sUcanA nahIM dI hai / isa stavana meM tIrthaGkara pArzvaprabhu kI stuti karate hue unake niratizaya sadguNoM ko pradarzita kiyA gayA hai| 6.1.1.8 yamakamayaM pArzvanAtha laghu stavanam prastuta stavana 8 padyoM meM nibaddha hai| prathama sAta padyoM meM bhagavAn pArzva kI stuti aura AThaveM meM isa racanA kA upasaMhAra kiyA gayA hai| isake sabhI padyoM meM yamaka alaMkAra prayukta haiN| isakA racanA - kAla evaM racanA - sthala donoM ajJAta haiN| isake saptama padya kA prathama pAda truTita hai| isa stavana kA mudraNa bhI kahIM-kahIM truTipUrNa-sA lagatA hai, jisase artha-bodha meM aura kaThinAI hotI hai| 209 6.1.1.9 yamakamayaM mahAvIra vRhadstavanam prastuta gIta bhI yamakabaddha hai| isameM kula 14 padya haiM, jinameM prathama teraha padya meM to bhagavAn mahAvIra kA stavana kiyA gayA hai aura antima padya upasaMhArAtmaka hai| isameM bhagavAn mahAvIra ko sabhI vighnoM ke vinAzaka, grahazAntikAraka, jagatvandya, samasta guNoM ke Akara, apratima sauMdaryasampanna, triloka ke ajJAna ke nivAraka, karuNAnidhAna, parama pavitra, sajjanoM ke sukhadAyaka aura mokSadAyaka ke rUpa meM citrita kiyA gayA hai| isa stavana kA racanA - kAla Adi avidita hai / 6.1.1.10 samasyAmayaM pArzvanAtha vRhatstavanam prastuta stavana samasyA kI pUrti rUpa hai| isameM kula 13 samasyA - pUrti haiM / pratyeka padya meM eka hI samasyA-pUrti huI hai / samayasundara samasyA-pUrti meM bar3e nipuNa the / ataH pratyeka samasyA-pUrti bahuta sundara huI hai / 13 padyoM meM nibaddha samasyA - -pUrti rUpa isa stavana meM tIrthaGkara pArzvanAtha kI sundaratama stuti kI gaI hai| prastuta stavana meM bhinna-bhinna chandoM kA prayoga huA hai| stavana ke prathama padya kA tRtIya pAda, dvitIya padya kA prathama evaM dvitIya pAda, dazama padya kA prathama, tRtIya evaM caturtha pAda, ekAdaza paMdya kA prathama, dvitIya evaM caturtha pAda, dvAdasa padya kA dvitIya pAda, trayodaza padya kA dvitIya pAda truTita hai| racanA kA racanA - kAla evaM racanA sthala ajJAta hai 6.1.1.11 zrI vItarAgastava - chandajAtimayam I prastuta stotra meM vItarAga ke guNoM kA varNana karate hue unakA mAhAtmya pradarzita kiyA gayA hai| isa stotra kI vilakSaNatA yahI hai ki jisa padya kI racanA jisa chanda meM kI gaI hai, usa chanda ke nAma kA ullekha usI padya meM hai, kintu vahA~ usa zabda kA artha bhinna hai| isameM pRthak-pRthak 22 chanda prayukta hue haiN| isakA racanAkAla anupalabdha hai|

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210 mahopAdhyAya samayasundara : vyaktitva evaM kRtitva uparyukta prakIrNaka racanAoM ke atirikta saMskRta bhASA meM nibaddha nimnalikhita laghu gIta bhI pAye jAte haiM - 6.1.1.12 sImandharasvAmistavanam, padya 5 6.1.1.13 zrI zAMtinAtha gItam, padya 3 6.1.1.14 zrI cintAmaNi pArzvanAthazleSamayalaghustavanam, padya 5, racanA - kAla : saM0 1700, mArgazIrSa kRSNa 5, racanAsthala : ahamadAbAda / 6.1.1.15 zrI pArzvanAthayamakabaddhastotram, padya 5 6.1.2 prAkRta bhASA meM nibaddha stavana 6.1.2.1 yamakabaddha pArzvanAtha laghu stavanam prastuta stavana meM 9 gAthAe~ haiN| isameM vividha upamAoM se upamita karate hue bhagavAn pArzvanAtha kI utkarSa rUpa meM stuti kI gaI hai| isa stavana kA pratyeka padya yamaka alaMkAra se alaMkRta hai, yathA paramapAsapahU mahimAlayaM, jasa viNijjiya somahimAlayaM // yahA~ prathama 'mahimAlaya' zabda mahimA - gRha kA dyotaka hai aura dvitIya parvata kA / 6.1.2.2 zrI pArzva laghu stavanam cAra gAthAoM meM nibaddha isa stavana meM bhagavAn pArzvanAtha kI vandanA karate hue 'IryApathika' sUtra kA bhAvAnuvAda kiyA gayA hai / isa stavana kA racanA - kAla anirdiSTa hai / 6.1.3 mizrita bhASA meM nibaddha stavana 6.1.3.1 pArzvanAtha laghu stavanam prastuta 'pArzvanAtha laghu stavanam' kavi kI eka viziSTa racanA hai| isameM kavi ne pratyeka padya ke prathama aura tRtIya caraNa prAkRta bhASA meM aura dvitIya tathA caturtha caraNa saMskRta bhASA meM banAye haiN| isakA eka udAharaNa isa prakAra hai mae vaMdiyA ajja tumhANa pAyA, nitAnta gatA me'dya sarvepyapAyA / jahA suThu daTThUNa duThuMca morA, bhujaGgA vrajeyurbhiyAtyaMta ghorA // 7 // yaha stavana kavi kI bhASA saMbaMdhI yogyatA kA paricAyaka hai / isa racanA meM kavi ne pArzvanAtha kI stuti karate hue yaha batAyA hai ki jisa prakAra kalpavRkSa kI sevA nirarthaka nahIM hotI, usI prakAra tumhArI bhakti bhI nirarthaka nahIM hotI / jo bhI bhakta tumhAre pAda- paMkaja kI zaraNa letA hai, vaha ekAgracitta hokara samasta sukhoM kA lAbha prApta karatA hai| isameM 9 padya haiN| racanA - kAla tathA racanA - sthAna, donoM

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samayasundara kI racanAe~ anupalabdha haiN| 6.1.3.2 zrI pArzvanAthASTakam prastuta aSTaka rAjasthAnI, gujarAtI evaM saMskRta bhASA mizrita hai / yaha aSTaka na kevala kavi ke bhASA saMbaMdhI jJAna kA paricaya detA hai, apitu kavi kI prazasta bhakti kA bhI paricaya detA hai / paThana-pAThana meM yaha aSTaka ati ramaNIya hai / isameM kavi ne apane ArAdhya prabhu pArzva ke caraNoM meM antarprArthanA ke suSThusumana arpita kiye haiM / kavi kA kahanA hai ki jisane pArzvaprabhu kI bhakti kI hai, vaha dhanya hai aura usane sarvamukha prApta kiyA hai| maiMne bhI unakI bhakti kI hai, jisase merI AzAe~ phalIbhUta ho gaI haiN| merA duHkha dUra ho gayA aura mujhe bahuta sukha prApta huA hai / vAstava meM pArzvaprabhu trilokapUjya evaM guNanidhAna haiN| unake guNoM kA varNana karane meM isa kalikAla meM koI kavi samartha nahIM hai tumhArI bar3AI nako vaktumIza, kalikAla mAhe kavirvAgarIzaH / tI yA bhUribhaktyA, sadA pAya sevUM tavAtIva zaktyA // prastuta gIta kA racanA - kAla Adi jJAta nahIM hai / 6.1.4 bhASA meM nibaddha racanAe~ 6.1.4.1 caubIsI 211 jaina sAhitya meM 'caubIsI' racanA stutiparaka sAhitya kI eka uttama thAtI hai| isameM gItikAvya ke rUpa meM caubIsa tIrthaGkaroM kI stuti kI gaI hai, jo ki kavi kI asIma bhakti kI paricAyaka hai| isa kRti meM kavi kI Atma-anubhUti kI hI abhivyaMjanA huI hai / ata: pANDitya-pradarzana kI gandha kA isameM abhAva hai| hara gIta meM kavi kI agAdha zraddhA umar3atI huI pratIta hotI hai / kavi sahajatA se apane hRdayodgAra vyakta karatA hai| RSabhadeva morA ho, RSabhadeva morA ho / puNya saMyogai pAmIhA maI darisaNa torA ho // caurAsI lakSa hU~ bhamyaU~, bhava kA pherA ho / duHkha anantA maI sahyA, svAmI tihAM bahuterA ho || caraNa na choDUM tAharA, sAmI aba kI pherA ho| samayasundara kahai tumha thai, svAmI kauNa bhalerA ho // isa kRti meM jaina-dharma ke caubIsa tIrthaGkaroM meM se pratyeka kA pRthak-pRthak gIta meM stavana kiyA gayA hai| racanA ke anta meM kalaza likhakara usakA upasaMhAra bhI diyA hai / yaha kRti ahamadAbAda meM vi0 saM0 1658, vijayAdazamI ko sampUrNa huI / yadyapi kavi ne isakA 'caturviMzati tIrthaGkara - gItAni' nAma diyA hai, lekina sAmAnyatayA ise ' caubIsI' kahA jAtA hai|

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212 mahopAdhyAya samayasundara : vyaktitva evaM kRtitva 6.1.4.2 caubIsI jinasavaiyA vivecya kRti savaiyoM aura kavittoM meM nibaddha hai| pratyeka meM eka-eka tIrthaMkara kI stuti kI gaI hai, kintu isa stavana meM chandoM meM vyatikrama pAyA jAtA hai| kisI tIrthaGkara kI stuti savaiyA meM hai, to kisI kI kavitta meN| teIsaveM tIrthaGkara pArzva kI stuti isameM upalabdha nahIM hotii| usake sthAna para vasanta kA varNana kiyA gayA hai, jo ki aprAsaMgika hI lagatA hai| yaha saMbhava hai ki samayasundara ne zAyada pArzvanAtha ke saMbaMdha meM bhI koI savaiyA kavitta banAyA ho, jo pANDulipi karate samaya mUla meM hI truTita ho gayA ho| vaise jisa pANDulipi ke AdhAra para isa 'caubIsI jina savaiyA' ko prakAzita kiyA gayA hai, vaha pANDulipi truTita hai| udAharaNa ke lie sAtaveM aura AThaveM savaiye meM zabda truTita pAye gaye teIsaveM savaiye kA prArambha 'be babbIhA bhAI' se hotA hai| isameM vasanta kA varNana hai, jo viraha se saMbaMdhita hai| ata: yahA~ babbIhA kA artha papIhA ho sakatA hai| vizleSya racanA meM 25 catuSpada haiN| isakA racanA-kAla evaM sthala donoM ajJAta haiN| 6.1.4.3 airAvatakSetra caturviMzati jina-gItAni 'airAvatakSetra-caturviMzati jina-gItAni' kA racanA-samaya saM0 1697 hai| hAthIzAha ke Agraha se evaM jinasAgarasUri kI kRpA se samayasundara ne prastuta kRti kA praNayana kiyaa| isakA kavi ne bhI ullekha kiyA hai - saMvata sola satANuyA varase, jinasAgara supsaayaa| hAthI zAha taNai Agraha kahai, samayasundara uvajhAyA re| prastuta kRti meM airAvata-kSetra meM utpanna caubIsa tIrthaGkaroM kA guNagAna kiyA gayA hai| kavi ne apane varNana kA AdhAra 'samavAyAMgasUtra' batAyA hai| sabhI tIrthaGkaroM ke saMbaMdha meM alaga-alaga rAga meM alaga-alaga gIta racita haiN| unake nAma adholikhita haiM -- 1.caMdAnana, 2. sucaMda, 3. aggiseNa, 4. naMdiseNa, 5. isidina, 6.sAmacanda, 7. bayadhAri, 8. juttasena, 9. ajitaseNa, 10. sivasena, 11. devasena, 12. nakkhattasatta, 13. assaMjala, 14. ananta, 15. upazAnta, 16. guttiseNa, 17. atipAsa, 18. supAsa, 19. marudeva, 20. zrIsIdhara, 21. sAmakoTha, 22. aggaseNa, 23. aggiputta, 24. vaarisenn| uparyukta caubIsa tIrthaGkaroM ke gItoM meM prathama sAta tIrthaGkaroM ke gIta abhI taka anupalabdha haiN| ina racanAoM se kavi samayasundara paramAtmA ke caraNoM meM pUrNa samarpita-se lagate haiN| ve bhI kabIra, tulasI, mIrA, sUra kI taraha gAte hue parilakSita hote haiM - aho mere jina kuM kuNa opamA khuuN| kASTha kalapa cintAmaNi pAthara, kAmagavI pasu doSa grhuuN||

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213 samayasundara kI racanAe~ candra kalaMkI samudra jala khArau, suraja tApa na shuN| jaladAtA paNi zyAmavadanaghana, meru kRpaNa tau hu~ kima sdhuN|| kamala komala paNi nAla kaMTaka nita, saMkha kuTilatA bhuN| samayasundara kahai ananta tIrthaGkara, tuma mai doSa na lhuN| 6.1.4.4 viharamAna-vIsI-stavanAH kavivara samayasundara ne 'viharamAna-vIsI-stavanAH' kRti kA nirmANa hAthI sAha nAmaka zrAvaka kI icchA ke kAraNa kiyaa| isakI racanA vi0 saM0 1697, mAgha kRSNA 9 ko sampUrNa huii| kavi ne svayaM nirdeza diyA hai ki - saMvat solaha saiMtrANu, mAha vadi navamI vkhaannuN| ahamadAvAdi majhAri, zrI kharataragaccha sAra / zrI jinasAgarasUri, pratApai teja pdduuri| hAthI sAha nI hu~se, tIrthaGkara stavyA viisi|| Alocya kRti meM viharamAna arthAt vidyamAna tIrthaGkaroM kI stuti kI gaI hai| jaina mAnyatAnusAra viharamAna tIrthaGkara kI stuti pRthak-pRthak gIta meM kI hai| ve nimnalikhita haiM - 1. sImandhara, 2. yugamandhara, 3. bAhu, 4. subAhu, 5. sujAta, 6. svayaMprabha, 7. RSabhAnana, 8. anantavIrya, 9. sUriprabha, 10.vizAla, 11. vajradhara, 12. candrAnana, 13. candrabAhu, 14. bhujaMga, 15. Izvara, 16. nemi, 17. vIrasena, 18. mahAbhadra, 19. devayazA aura 20. ajitviiry| ina bIsa gItoM ke atirikta isa zruti ke anta meM kalaza bhI diyA hai| kavi kI bhakti aura samarpaNa kI bhAvanA kA saMgama isameM dRSTigata hotA hai| 6.1.4.5 bIsa viharamAna jina stavana 'bIsa viharamAna jina stavana' meM koI racanA-saMvata nahIM diyA huA hai| isameM kavi ne Adya maMgala karake svayaM hI racanA ke varNya-viSaya ko spaSTa kiyA hai - praNamiya zAradamAya, samariye sadguru, dharmabuddhi hiyar3e dharI e| viharamAna jina vIsa, thuNisuM mana thire, mAya tAya laMchaNa karI e|| isa kRti meM unhoMne pratyeka viharamAna kA nAma, unake mAtA-pitA kA nAma evaM unake lAMchana kA bhI ullekha kiyA hai| ukta racanA 5 DhAloM meM pUrNa huI hai| anta meM 'kalaza' rUpa meM racanA kA upasaMhAra bhI diyA hai| 6.1.4.6 zrI sImandharajina stavana yadyapi yaha stavana mAtra 10 kar3iyoM meM nibaddha hai, kintu kavi ke bhaktiparaka

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214 mahopAdhyAya samayasundara : vyaktitva evaM kRtitva sAhitya kA eka dyutimAna hIrA hai| isameM kavi kI pragAr3ha bhakti abhivyaMjita huI hai| kavivara sImandhara jinezvara kI stuti karate hue kahate haiM ki nahI mA~gUM prabha rAja-Rddhi jI, nahIM mA~geM grantha bhaMDAra / hu~ mA~gUM prabho etalo jI, tuma pAse avatAra // deva na dIdhI pAMkhaDI jI, kima kari AvuM hajUra / mujaro mhAro mAnajo jI, praha Ugamate sUra // vizeSya racanA kA racanA - kAla tathA racanA - sthAna, donoM vidita nahIM ho pAe / yaha racanA aneka sthAnoM se evaM aneka granthoM meM mudrita hai| 6.1.4.7 sImandharajina-s -stavana yaha racanA 6 kar3iyoM meM likhI gaI hai| isameM viharamAna sImandhara prabhu ke jIvana- vRtta ko aMkita kiyA gayA hai| isakA racanA sthala evaM samaya, donoM ajJAta haiN| 6.1.4.8 sImandharajina - gItam isameM paramAtmA kI sevA ke rahasya udghATita karate hue kavi ne paramAtma-darzana kI tIvra utkaNThA abhivyakta kI hai| gIta 7 gAthAoM meM Abaddha hai| isakA racanA - kAla aura racanA - sthala, donoM hI anirdiSTa haiM / 6.1.4.9 sImandharasvAmI -gItam 1 isa gIta kA racanA - kAla anirdiSTa hai / yaha gIta chaH gAthAoM meM likhita hai / isa gIta meM samayasundara ne tIrthaGkara sImandhara ke guNa, lAMchana, prabhAva aura unake mAtA-pitA, prabhRti kA ullekha kiyA hai| sAtha hI sAtha kavi ne una bhavya AtmAoM ko abhinandita kiyA hai, jo paramAtmA kA nitya darzana aura unakA upadeza zravaNa karate haiM / 6.1.4.10 zrI sumatinAtha bRhatstavanam prastuta stavana meM samayasundara ne sumatinAtha prabhu kI zraddhAsikta stuti karate hue unheM surataru batAyA hai tathA unase 'sumati' kI yAcanA kI hai / stavana meM 13 gAthAe~ haiM / racanA - kAla anirdiSTa hai / 6.1.4.11 zrI zAMtijinastavanam isa gIta meM 6 padya haiN| isakA praNayana-kAla anupalabdha hai| isa gIta meM kavi ne zAntinAtha jinezvara se zAnti phala pradAna karane ke lie aura AvAgamana ke cakra se mukta karane ke lie prArthanA kI hai| 6.1.4.12 zrI pArzvajina dRSTAntamaya laghu stavana isa gIta meM bhatra - bhramaNa se mukta hone kI aura paramAtmA ke darzana kI prabala pipAsA prakaTa huI hai| racanA kA gumphana 9 gAthAoM meM huA hai| racanA kA racanA-saMvat avarNita hai|

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215 samayasundara kI racanAe~ 6.1.4.13 zrI pArzvajina paMca kalyANaka laghu stavanam - yaha stavana bhagavAn pArzva ke cyavana, janma, dIkSA, kevalajJAna evaM mokSa - ina pA~ca kalyANakoM se saMbaMdhita hai| isameM 8 kar3iyA~ haiM, zeSa meM 'kalaza' bhI likhita hai| isakA racanA saMvat anupalabdha hai| 6.1.4.14 zrI cintAmaNi pArzvajina stavana ___ isameM kavi samayasundara ne cintAmaNi pArzvanAtha se apanI vividha cintAe~ dUra karane kI vinatI kI hai| yaha vinatI 7 kar3iyoM meM hai| isakA racanA-kAla ajJAta hai| 6.1.4.15 zrI pArzvanAtha (pratimA-sthApana) stavana 'zrI pArzvajina stavana' kI 7 gAthAoM meM jinamUrti kI mahattA udghATita karate hue mUrti-virodhakoM para mIThe vyaMgya kase gaye haiM aura bhagavAn pArzvanAtha kI stuti kI gaI hai| isakA nirmANa-kAla kavi ne nahIM likhA hai| 6.1.4.16 aSTa mahAprAtihAyagarbhita pArzvanAtha stavanam vivecya racanA meM 'kalaza' sahita 9 gAthAe~ haiN| isameM devoM dvArA racita tIrthaGkaroM ke ATha prAtihArya ke svarUpa kA nidarzana hai| ye prAtihArya indrajAla rUpa hote haiM / racanA kA racanA-kAla aura racanA-sthAna ajJAta hai| 6.1.4.17 zrI mahAvIra gItam zrI mahAvIra gItam meM 6 kar3iyA~ haiN| isakA racanA-kAla ajJAta hai| isameM kavi ne bhagavAn mahAvIra kI eka anya mAtA devAnandA kA paricaya diyA hai| bhagavAn mahAvIra 82 dina devAnandA kI kukSI meM rahe the| mahAvIra ke kaivalya prApta kara lene para devAnandA unake darzanArtha gaI thii| bhagavatI-sUtra' meM ullikhita isI ghaTanA kA citraNa prastuta gIta meM kiyA gayA hai| 6.1.4.18 zrI mahAvIradeva SaTkalyANaka garbhita stavanam prastuta stavana bhagavAn mahAvIra ke cha: kalyANakoM ko madhyastha banAkara unake jIvana-vRtta ko saMkSepa meM prakaTa karatA hai| stavana kI prathama DhAla meM mahAvIra svAmI ke garbha, garbha-saMharaNa aura janma - ina kalyANakatraya para prakAza DAlA gayA hai| dvitIya DhAla meM janma-kalyANaka-mahotsava kA sundara varNana hai| tRtIya DhAla meM prabhu ke dIkSA nAmaka caturtha kalyANaka kA ullekha hai| caturtha DhAla meM mahAvIra ke kevala jJAna aura nirvANa - ina do kalyANakoM kA vivecana hai| kRti ke anta meM 'kalaza' ke mAdhyama se kRti kA upasaMhAra likhA gayA hai| racanA kA samaya anirdiSTa hai| 6.1.4.19 anAgata caubIsI stavana prastuta racanA meM kavi ne bhAvI caubIsa tIrthaGkaroM kA nAmollekha karate hue unheM namaskAra kiyA hai| yaha racanA 6 kar3iyoM meM nibaddha hai| isakA racanA-kAla jJAta nahIM ho pAyA hai|

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>> l sh sh mahopAdhyAya samayasundara : vyaktitva evaM kRtitva 6.1.4.20 zrI tIrthaGkara-samavazaraNa gItam jahA~ tIrthaMkara kA kisI prakAra kA dhArmika upadeza hotA hai, vaha sthAna samavazaraNa kahalAtA hai| jaina-mAnyatA ke anusAra yaha samavazaraNa devoM dvArA banAyA jAtA hai| isa gIta meM tIrthaGkaroM ke ukta samavazaraNa ke svarUpa kA nidarzana hai| yaha gIta 10 gAthAoM meM Abaddha hai| isakA racanA-samaya ajJAta hai| uparyukta gItoM ke alAvA bhASA meM nibaddha nimnalikhita laghu gIta bhI upalabdha hote haiM - 6.1.4.21 vartamAna caubIsI stavana padya 3 6.1.4.22 atIta caubIsI stavana padya5 6.1.4.23 bIsa viharamAna jina stavana padya 4 6.1.4.24 sImandharajina stavana padya 3 6.1.4.25 sImandharajina stavana padya3 6.1.4.26 sImandhara svAmI gItam padya 3 6.1.4.27 yugamandharajina gItam padya5 6.1.4.28 Adidevacandra gItam padya 2 6.1.4.29 zrI RSabhadeva hularAmaNA gItam padya 4 6.1.4.30 zrI zItalanAtha jinastavanam padya3 6.1.4.31 zrI zItalajina gItam padya3 6.1.4.32 zrI zAMtinAtha hularAmaNA gItam padya 4 6.1.4.33 zrI zAMtijina stavanam padya5 6.1.4.34 zrI zAMtijina stavanam padya3 6.1.4.35 zrI ciMtAmaNi pArzvanAtha bhAsa padya3 6.1.4.36 zrI pArzvanAtha laghu stavanam padya 4 6.1.4.37 zrI mahAvIra deva gItam 6.1.4.38 zrI mahAvIra gItam 6.1.4.39 zrI mahAvIra jina suriyAbhanATaka gItam padya 2 6.1.4.40 zrI zreNika vijJapti-garbhita zrI mahAvIra gItam padya 4 6.1.4.41 zrI suriyAbhasura nATaka-darzana mahAvIra gItam padya 2 6.1.4.42 zrI zAzvata tIrthaGkara stavanam 6.1.4.43 zrI sAmAnya jina stavanam padya3 6.1.4.44 zrI sAmAnya jina gItam padya 3 6.1.4.45 zrI arihaMta pada stavanam w w h padya 4 h padya 3 h h padya 5 m padya 3

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217 samayasundara kI racanAe~ 6.1.4.46 zrI sAmAnya jina gItam padya 2 6.1.4.47 zrI sAmAnya jina vijJapti gItam padya 3 6.1.4.48 zrI sAmAnya jina-A~gI gItam padya 4 6.1.5 sindhI bhASA meM nibaddha jinastavana 6.1.5.1 zrI Adi jina stavana prastuta gIta meM mAtA marudevI apane putra RSabhadeva ke hara aMga ko zRMgArita karane kI bAta kahatI hai - nayaNa ve teMDe kajjala pAvAM, manabhAvadaNDatilaka lgaavaaN| ruThar3A kaide kola RSabha jI, Au asAr3A kol|| gIta meM zRMgAra, vAtsalya evaM hAsyarasa mizrita hai| gIta 10 padya meM hai| isakA racanA-kAla anirdiSTa hai| 6.2 tIrtha evaM tIrthAdhipatiyoM se saMbaMdhita racanAe~ ___ 'tIrtha' saMskRta bhASA kA zabda hai| isakI vyutpatti 'tR' dhAtu ke sAtha 'thak' pratyaya saMlagna karane se huI hai - 'tIrthate, anena vA tR plavana taraNayoH, pAtR tudi iti thk| isa prakAra tIrtha kA artha hai, tArane yA pAra utArane vAlA athavA tirane yA pAra utArane meM shaayk| isI ko aura adhika spaSTa karate hue jinasenAcArya ne likhA hai- 'saMsArAbdhe pArasya taraNe tIrthamiSyate'2 - jo saMsAra-sAgara se pAra kara de, vaha tIrtha hai| sabhI dharmoM meM tIrtha-sthAnoM ko vizeSa mahattva diyA gayA hai| jainadharma kI pitRbhRmi evaM puNyabhUmi hone se sampUrNa bhArata meM jaina-tIrtha pAye jAte haiN| tIrthaGkaroM ke garbha, janma, dIkSA, kaivalya tathA mokSabhUmi unake jIvana kI ghaTita ghaTanAoM ke sthala, sAdhaka-muniyoM kI sAdhanA evaM nirvANa-bhUmi, atizayavAn jina-mUttiyoM se vizruta hue sthAna,zatavarSAdhika prAcIna jinAlaya Adi sthAvara-tIrtha mAne jAte haiN| siddhakSetra tathA atizayakSetra ke bheda se sthAvara-tIrtha do prakAra ke hote haiM - mahApuruSoM ke nirvANa-sthala siddhakSetra kahalAte haiM aura mUrtti-maMdira athavA camatkArika ghaTanA-vizeSa ke kAraNa mahattvapUrNa bane hue sthala atizayakSetra kahalAte haiN| jaina-tIrthoM kA sarvaprathama ullekha mUla pratikramaNa-pATha ke visIha deDaka meM, kundakundAcArya kRta prAkRta-bhaktiyoM evaM 'nirvANa-kANDa' prabhRti meM prApta hotA hai| jaina tIrtha-saMbaMdhI svatantra kRtiyA~ madhyakAla meM pracura mAtrA meM likhI gaIM, jinameM vividha tIrthakalpa kRti ullekhanIya hai| una sabhI kRtiyoM kI sUcI DaoN0 jyotiprasAda jaina ne vividha tIrthakalpa grantha kI prastAvanA meM dI hai| 1. uddhRta - vividha tIrthakalpa, prastAvanA, pRSTha 7 2. AdipurANa, uddhRta - vividha tIrthakalpa, prastAvanA, pRSTha 7

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218 mahopAdhyAya samayasundara : vyaktitva evaM kRtitva vartamAna meM jaina tIrthoM ke saMbaMdha meM nimnalikhita grantha ullekhanIya hai (ka) jaina tIrtha sarvasaMgraha' (kha) bhArata ke digambara jaina tIrtha (ga) tIrtha-darzana 3 I tIrtha-yAtrA Atma-vizuddhi kA kAraNa hai| gRha ke azAnta vAtAvaraNa evaM gRhamoha se mukta hokara dharmAcaraNa kiyA jA sake, isalie tIrtha-yAtrA spRhaNIya hai| tIrthadarzana evaM vandana se puNya kA saMcaya, kaSAyoM kA saMvaraNa aura tIrtha sthala ke pavitra pariveza se bhAvoM meM nirmalatA kI prApti hotI hai / kavivara samayasundara ne jaina tIrthoM evaM tIrthAdhipatiyoM kI mukta kaNTha se stuti kI hai| unhoMne aneka tIrtha-yAtrAe~ kIM aura Atma-vibhora ho, aneka stavana-stotra racakara tIrthanAyakoM ke caraNoM meM zraddhA aura bhaktipUrita puSpa bikhere| yahA~ tIrtha evaM tIrthAdhipatiyoM se saMbaMdhita gItoM kA vivaraNa prastuta kiyA jA rahA hai 6.2.1 saMskRta bhASA meM nibaddha gIta 6.2.1.1 tIrthamAlA vRhatstavanam tIrtha - vandanA saMbaMdhI gItoM meM samayasundara kA prastuta gIta vizruta hai / yaha gIta 19 gAthAoM meM Abaddha hai| isakA mudraNa aneka sthAnoM se aura aneka granthoM meM huA hai| kisI-kisI grantha meM isa gIta kI kevala 17 gAthAe~ hI upalabdha hotI haiN| isakA racanAkAla kavi ne nahIM diyA hai| 6.1.1.2 tIrthamAlA vRhatstavanam kavivara ne isake racanA - kAla kA nirdeza nahIM kiyA hai, yadyapi unhoMne isa kRti meM eka saMketa avazya diyA hai, jisase isake racanA - kAla kA anumAna kiyA jA sakatA hai rANapure jinamaMdira-matiramyaM, zrUyate sadA mayakA / dhanyaM mama janma tadAyadA, kariSyAmi tad yAtrAm // 1 'yadA kariSyAmi tad yAtrAm' se spaSTa saMketa milatA hai ki kavi ne isa racanA kA praNayana rANakapura tIrtha kI yAtrA karane ke pUrva hI kiyA hogA / kavi kI anya kRti 'rANakapura Adi jina stavana' meM prApta ullekha se jJAta hotA hai ki kavi ne vi0 saM0 1672 meM rANakapura tIrtha kI yAtrA kI thI / ataH usase pahale hI isa racanA kA nirmANa huA thA / nAhaTA - bandhu ne ise saM0 1666 ke pazcAt praNIta hone kA anumAna lagAyA hai| 1. seTha AnandajI kalyANajI, ahamadAbAda se prakAzita 2. bhAratavarSIya digambara jaina tIrtha kSetra kameTI, mumbaI 4 se prakAzita 3. zrI mahAvIra jaina kalyANaka-saMgha, cennaI se prakAzita 4. samayasundara kRti kusumAMjali, pRSTha 6

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219 samayasundara kI racanAe~ kavi samayasundara ne isa kRti ke mAdhyama se jainadharma ke mukhya tIrtha-sthaloM ko namaskAra kiyA hai, jinameM giranAra, AbU, aSTApada, sammeta zikhara, jaisalamera, nandIzvara, zaMkhezvara Adi pramukha haiN| 6.2.1.3 zrI amIjharA pArzvanAtha pUrvakavipraNIta kAvyadvayarthakaraNamaya laghu stavanam prastuta racanA vastutaH svayaM kavi kI racanA nahIM hai, apitu kavi kAlidAsa, mAgha Adi pUrvavartI sAhityakAroM ke kAvya ke aMzoM ko lekara unake arthoM ko isa prakAra karane kA prayAsa kiyA hai ki unase pArzvanAtha kI stuti bhI abhivyaMjita ho sakatI hai| prastuta racanA meM 7 padya haiM, jinameM antima padya svayaM kavikRta hai| isameM racanA-kAla evaM racanA-sthala kA nirdeza nahIM hai| tIrtha evaM tIrthAdhipatiyoM saM saMbaMdhita uparyukta prakIrNaka racanAoM ke alAvA eka anya laghu stavana bhI prApta hotA hai - 6.2.1.4 zrI zaMkhezvara pArzvanAtha laghu stavanam, padya 5 6.2.2 prAkRta bhASA meM nibaddha racanA 6.2.2.1 zrI stambhana pArzvanAtha stotram prastuta stotra meM kavi ne stambhana tIrthanAyaka pArzvaprabhu kI prArthanA kI hai| kavi ne isI gIta meM dharaNendra evaM padmAvatI kA bhI stavana kiyA hai| gIta meM pArzvanAthaprabhu kA zArIrika saundarya bahuta acche DhaMga se citrita kiyA gayA hai| __ stotra 8 padyoM meM nibaddha hai| isakA racanA-kAla anupalabdha hai| 6.2.3 bhASA meM nibaddha racanAe~ 6.2.3.1 tIrthamAlA-stavana / tIrthaGkaroM ke kalyANaka-sthala, samavasaraNa-sthala, vihAra-kSetra, muni-puMgavoM kI nirvANa bhUmi aura zata varSAdhika prAcIna maMdira tIrtha mAne jAte haiN| kavi samayasundara ne prastuta stavana meM aise 11 prasiddha tIrthoM kI stuti kI hai| isameM 10 kar3iyA~ haiM / isakA racanA-kAla evaM racanA-sthala anirdiSTa hai| 6.2.3.2 tIrtha-bhAsa samayasundara ne isa 'tIrtha-bhAsa' meM katipaya jaina tIrthoM ko mokSadAyaka samajhate hue unake prati apanI zraddhA prakaTa kI hai| tIrtha yAtrA hetu jAne ke lie do sakhiyA~ paraspara vArtAlApa karatI haiN| use hI isa racanA meM aMkita kiyA gayA hai| ___ yaha racanA 6 catuSpadoM meM gumphita hai| isakA racanA-samaya vidita nahIM ho pAyA 6.2.3.3 aSTApadatIrtha-bhAsa 'aSTApadatIrtha-bhAsa' racanA meM aSTApada nAmaka tIrtha kI yAtrA karane vAle aura

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220 mahopAdhyAya samayasundara : vyaktitva evaM kRtitva usakA jIrNoddhAra karane vAle puruSoM kA ullekha karate hue kavi ne svayaM apanI ora se tIrtha kI stuti kI hai| racanA meM 6 gAthAe~ haiN| isakA bhI racanA-saMvat ajJAta hai| 6.2.3.4 zrI zatruJjaya AdinAtha bhAsa prastuta racanA meM samayasundara ne zatrujaya tIrtha ko puNya-pavitratA kA kendra batAte hue use kalA aura saundarya se bhI yukta batAyA hai| kavi ne isa tIrtha ke prati avirala bhakti-dhArA pravAhita kI hai| racanA 9 kar3iyoM meM gumphita hai| isakI racanA vi0 saM0 1644, caitra kRSNA 4, budhavAra ko huI thii| 6.2.3.5 zrI zatruJjaya tIrtha-bhAsa jaina mAnyatA ke anusAra 'zatruJjaya' tIrtha para aneka AtmAoM ne mukti prApta kI hai| kavi ne vivecya racanA meM ukta tIrtha hI mahattA para prakAza DAlA hai| isa racanA ke nirmANa ke dina kavi ne svayaM isa tIrtha kI yAtrA karane kA saubhAgya prApta kiyaa| yaha yAtrA unheM saMghapati somajI ne karavAI thii| ataH kavi ne unakI bhArI anumodanA kI hai| yaha racanA 11 gAthAoM meM nibaddha hai| isakI racanA vi0 saM0 1644, caitra kRSNa pakSa meM huI thii| 6.2.3.6 zrI zatruJjaya AdinAtha-bhAsa ___jaina dharma meM 'zatruJjaya' zAzvata tIrtha mAnA jAtA hai| 'zatruJjaya AdinAtha-bhAsa' racanA meM isa tIrtha kI yAtrA karate hue kavi ne isake prati agAdha zraddhA vyakta kI hai| unhoMne isa racanA meM ukta tIrtha-sthala kI tatkAlIna lagabhaga sakala paristhitiyoM kA kramapUrvaka nirdeza kiyA hai| ata: yaha racanA aitihAsika dRSTi se mahattvapUrNa siddha hotI hai| racanA meM 9 catuSpada haiN| isakA nirmANa vi0 saM0 1658, caitrI-pUrNimA ko pUrNa huaa| 6.2.3.7 AloyaNAgarbhita zatrujayamaNDana-AdinAtha stavana prastuta stavana kI racanA jJAta-ajJAtavaza hue pApoM kI AlocanA karane ke uddezya se huI hai| aisI mAnyatA hai ki zatruJjaya-tIrtha jAkara apane pApoM kI AlocanA karane se AtmA pApamala se mukta ho jAtA hai yA usake pApa kSINa ho jAte haiN| kavi ne bhI isa tIrtha kI yAtrA karake apane pApapaMka ko AlocanA kI gaMgA se prakSAlita kiyA thaa| racanA meM 32 gAthAe~ haiN| racanA ke anta meM 'kalaza' dvArA racanA kA upasaMhAra kiyA gayA yadyapi kavi ne vizleSya kRti kA racanA-saMvat nahIM diyA hai, kintu kavi kI anya kRtiyoM se vidita hotA hai ki kavi vi0 saM0 1644 tathA vi0 saM0 1658 meM zatruJjaya gaye the| ata: inhIM meM se kisI eka saMvat meM prastuta racanA kA praNayana huA hogaa| 6.2.3.8 zrI AbU tIrtha stavana 'AbU tIrtha stavana' meM samayasundara ne apanI bhakti-bhAvanA abhivyakta karane ke

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samayasundara kI racanAe~ 221 sAtha hI sAtha AbU tIrtha kI adbhuta kalAkRtiyoM kA bhI ullekha kiyA hai / vi0 saM0 1657, caitra kRSNapakSa 4 ko kavi ne isa tIrtha kI sasaMgha yAtrA kI thI aura usI dina isa stavana kI racanA kI thI / racanA 7 gAthAoM meM nibaddha hai / 6.2.3.9 zrI AbU AdIzvara bhAsa zrI 'AbU AdIzvara bhAsa' 7 gAthAoM meM nibaddha hai| isakA racanA - kAla kavi ne nirdiSTa nahIM kiyA hai / kavi kI anya racanA ' zrI AbU tIrtha stavana' meM prApta ullekhoM se avagata hotA hai ki kavi vi0 saM0 1657, caitra kRSNapakSa 4 ko AbU pahu~ce the / ataH sambhavatayA prastuta racanA kA nirmANa bhI ukta samaya ke lagabhaga huA hogA / isa bhAsa meM AbU para pratiSThita cAra bhavya jinAlayoM kA varNana karane hue kavi ne unakI hRdayahArI vandanA kI hai| 6.2.3.10 zrI rANakapura AdinAtha jina stavana samayasundara vi0 saM0 1672, mArgazIrSa mAsa meM rANakapura tIrtha ke darzanArtha gaye the| usI samaya unhoMne yaha racanA likhI thii| isameM unhoMne rANakapura ke nalinIgulma devavimAna tulya cittAkarSaka maMdira kA varNana kiyA hai| racanA 7 gAthAoM meM Abaddha hai / 6.2.3.11 bIkAnera cauvIsaTA cintAmaNi AdinAtha stavana prastuta stavana kI racanA bIkAnera meM saM0 1683 ke mArgazIrSa mAsa meM huI thI / stavana meM 15 padya haiM, anta meM 'kalaza' bhI hai| stavana ke prathama pA~ca padyoM meM kavi ne jisa vidhi aura bhAva se maMdira meM caityavandana Adi kiyA thA, usakA varNana kiyA hai| zeSa padyoM meM maMdira kA sundara citraNa kiyA gayA hai / kavi ne isa gIta meM yaha bhI ullekha kiyA hai ki unhoMne isa maMdira ke talaghara meM pASANa aura pItala kI saikar3oM jinapratimAoM kA darzana kiyA thaa| sAtha hI maMdira ke UparI tala meM jinadattasUri tathA jinacandrasUri kI manohara mUrtiyoM kA bhI / 6.2.3.12 vikramapura AdinAtha stavana prastuta stavana meM 10 padya haiN| isameM kavi ne vikramapura tIrtha ke tIrthAdhipati AdinAtha kI bhAvabhInI stuti kI hai| stavana meM kavi ne apanI pUrva meM kI gaI pramukha yAtrAoM kA bhI ullekha kiyA hai| sAtha hI yaha batAyA hai ki mAravAr3a kA vikramapura - tIrtha, zatruMjaya tIrtha kA eka dUsarA avatAra hai| jinacandrasUri ne saM0 1662, caitra vadi 7 ko isa maMdira kI pratiSThA kI thii| isa maMdira meM 40 jinapratimAe~ pratiSThita kI gaI thIM - isa tathya kA spaSTIkaraNa prastuta gIta se hotA hai / gIta kA racanA - kAla Adi ajJAta hai / 6.2.3.13 gaNadharavasahI (jaisalamera) Adijina stavana prastuta racanA 12 DhAloM meM gumphita hai / pratyeka DhAla meM eka-eka padya nibaddha hai /

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222 mahopAdhyAya samayasundara : vyaktitva evaM kRtitva isakA racanA-kAla vi0 saM0 1680 tathA racanA-sthala jaisalamera hai| isameM kavi ne jaisalamera ke gaNadharavasahI mukhamaNDana jinAlaya ke mUlanAyaka AdinAtha prabhu kI stuti kI hai| gIta meM kavi ne yaha bhI nirdeza diyA hai ki isa maMdira ke nirmANa meM dharamasI, jinadatta, devasI aura bhImasI- ina cAroM kA Arthika sahayoga thaa| jinacandrasUri ne vi0 saM0 1536, phAlguna zuklA 5 ko.isa jinAlaya kI pratiSThA karavAI thii| isa maMdira kI kalAkRti prazaMsanIya hai| kAyotsarga meM khar3I bharata-bAhubali kI marti, gajasavAra marudevI mAtA kI mUrti, zikhara, maNDapa, bimbAvalI, samavazaraNa ityAdi darzanIya kalAkRtiyA~ haiN| 6.2.3.14 setrAvA-maNDana zrI AdinAtha jina stavanam isa stavana kI racanA setrAvApura meM huI thI, lekina racanA-kAla kA ullekha kavi ne nahIM kiyA hai| isa gIta meM kavi ne bhAva-vibhora hokara Adi tIrthaMkara AdinAtha kI stuti kI hai| kavivara prabhu ko hI apanA sarvastha batAte haiM - tUM gati tUM mati tUM dhaNI, tUM bhavatAraNa haar| tUM tribhuvanapati tUM guru, tUM mujha praann-aadhaar|| kavi samayasundara ne prabhu-pratimA ke zArIrika lAvaNya kA AlaMkArika citraNa prastuta kiyA hai - pratimA no mukha candramA, locana amiya kcol| dIpa sikhA jisI nAsikA, kaMcaNa drapaNa kcol|| kuMda kalI radanAvalI, adbhuta adhara prvaal| sovana deha suhAmaNI, nirmala zazidala bhaal|| kavi ne yaha bhI ullekha kiyA hai ki setrAvA meM vi0 saM0 1695, phAlguna zuklA, ravivAra ko bhUmi se aneka pratimAe~ prakaTa huIM, jinameM tIrthaGkara RSabha, zItala, vAsupUjya, zAnti aura mahAvIra kI pratimAeM AkarSaka evaM zobhAyamAna thiiN| gIta 16 padyoM meM Abaddha hai| gItAnta meM kalaza' bhI hai| 6.2.3.15 pAlhaNapura-maNDana 44 dvayartharAgagarbhita candraprabhajina stavanam prastuta stavana meM 44 rAgoM kA nAmollekha isa prakAra kiyA gayA hai ki ve padAnukUla anya artha bhI dhvanita karate haiN| isase kavi kI kavitva-zakti bhI ujAgara hotI hai| gIta meM tIrthaGkara candraprabhasvAmI kI stuti kI gaI hai| gIta meM 12 padya haiN| isakA racanA-kAla saM0 1671, bhAdraprada zuklA 12 hai aura racanA-sthala pAlhaNapura hai| 6.2.3.16 amarasaramaNDana zrI zItalanAtha vRhatstavanam isa gIta meM kavi ne zItalanAtha prabhu se vinatI kI hai ki vaha usake hRdaya kI pukAra ko dhyAnapUrvaka sune| kavi ne likhA hai ki saMsAra-sAgara meM paribhramaNa karatA huA

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samayasundara kI racanAe~ 223 Aja vaha prabhu kA durlabha darzana prApta kara sakA hai| aba vaha zItalanAtha prabhu ke atirikta anya kisI bhI deva ko nahIM svIkAra kregaa| kavi kA kahanA hai ki bhalA cintAmaNi prApta hone para kAMca ko kauna grahaNa karatA hai? gIta meM upamA-alaMkAra kA manohara camatkAra pradarzita hai| kavi samayasundara bhI kabIra, tulasI ke samAna nAmasmaraNa kI mahimA batAte hue kahate haiM - tuma darasaNa ho mujha ANaMdapUra ki, jima jagi canda ckordd'aa| tuma darasaNa ho mujha mana ucharaMga ki, meha Agama jima morar3A // 2 // tuma nAmai ho morA pApa pulAya ki, jima dina UgaI cordd'aa| tuma nAmai ho sukha saMpati thAya ki, manavaMchita phalai morar3A // 3 // anta meM kavi ne prabhu se prArthanA kI hai ki use pratyeka janma meM unake darzana aura unake caraNoM kI sevA prApta hotI rhe| gIta meM 15 padya haiM / gIta kA racanA-kAla anirdiSTa hai| 6.2.3.17 mer3atAmaNDana vimalanAtha paMca kalyANaka stavanam prastuta stavana meM tIrthaMkara vimalanAtha ke garbha, janma, dIkSA, kaivalya aura nirvANa - ina paMca kalyANakoM evaM unake jIvana-vRta ko saMkSepa meM nibaddha kiyA gayA hai| stavana meM kula 15 padya haiN| stavana ke anta meM 'kalaza' bhI likhita hai| racanAkAla ajJAta hai| 6.2.3.18 pATaNa zAntinAtha paMcakalyANakagarbhita devagRha-varNanayukta dIrghastavanam prastuta gIta kA racanA-kAla anupalabdha hai| gIta kA racanA-sthala pATaNa hai| gIta 25 padyoM meM nibaddha hai| isake 16 padya aura satrahaveM kA AdhA padya aprApya hai| gIta ke anta meM likhita 'kalaza' evaM zIrSaka se yaha anumAna kiyA jAtA hai ki una padyoM meM tIrthaGkara zAMtinAtha ke paMcakalyANaka kA varNana hogaa| prApta padyoM meM pATaNa ke devagRha kA varNana hai| usase jJAta hotA hai ki vaha maMdira kalA Adi kI dRSTi se usa samaya kAphI prasiddha rahA hogaa| 6.2.3.19 jaisalameramaNDana zrI zAMtijina stavanam prastuta stavana meM jaisalamera ke zAnti jinAlaya ke nAyaka tIrthaGkara zAntinAtha kI stuti kI gaI hai| stuti meM kavi ne maMdira kA vistArapUrvaka varNana kiyA hai| isase yaha jJAta hotA hai ki usa samaya maMdira meM zatruJjaya-paTa evaM sataraha sau jinapratimAe~ thiiN| maMdira ke mUlanAyaka kI pratiSThA jinsamudrasUri ne vi0 saM0 1536, phAlguna zuklA 3 ko karAI thii| gIta meM 7 gAthAe~ haiN| gIta kA racanA-kAla tathA racanA-sthala aprApya hai| 6.2.3.20 zrI giranAra tIrtha bhAsa isameM giranAra-tIrtha kI vandanA kI gaI hai| gIta meM yaha bhI sUcita hai ki isI

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224 mahopAdhyAya samayasundara : vyaktitva evaM kRtitva bhUmi para tIrthanAyaka neminAtha ke dIkSA, kaivalya aura nirvANa - ye kalyANakatraya hue the| saMghapati bharatesara ne isa tIrtha para sarvaprathama jina-prAsAda nirmita karavAyA thaa| gIta 8 padyoM meM hai| isakA racanA-kAla ajJAta hai| 6.2.3.21 zrI nAraMgA pArzvajina stavanam prastuta stavana meM 9 gAthAe~ haiM / isakA racanA-kAla kavi ne nahIM diyA hai| zrI nAraGgA tIrtha pATaNa meM hai| zravaNa-bhUSaNa' grantha ke anusAra kavi vi0 saM0 1659 meM pATaNa gae the| saMbhavataH isI varSa unhoMne isa stavana kI racanA kI hogii| isa stavana meM pArzvajina ke prabhAva kA varNana kara unake caraNoM meM kavi ne Atma-samarpaNa kiyA hai| 6.2.3.22 zrI nAraMgA pArzvanAtha stavanam isa racanA meM nAraGgA pArzvanAtha ke nAmasmaraNa ke mahattva para prakAra DAlA gayA hai| isake smaraNa se zAnti, puSTi aura tuSTi milatI hai| yaha nAma aciMtya mahimA se pUrita hai| gIta 9 gAthAoM meM gumphita hai| isakA bhI racanA-kAla saM0 1659 honA caahie| isakA spaSTIkaraNa hama 'zrI tAraGgA pArzvajina stavanam' meM kara Ae haiN| 6.2.3.23 saptadaza rAgagarbhita zrI jaisalameramaNDana pArzvajina stavanam prastuta racanA kA racanA-sthala jaisalamera hai| racanA-samaya nirdiSTa nahIM hai| 'valkalacIrI caupAI' se avagata hotA hai ki kavi ne vi0 saM0 1681 meM jaisalamera meM apanA varSAvAsa pUrNa kiyaa| ata: yaha racanA bhI sambhavataH usI varSAvAsa meM nibaddha huI hogii| - isa racanA meM 47 padya haiM, jo 17 rAgoM meM nibaddha haiN| racanA kI yaha vizeSatA hai ki jisa 'rAga' meM jo rAga prayukta huI hai, use pratyeka 'rAga' (gIta) kI antima paMkti meM bhI diyA gayA hai| racanA ke nirmANa kA uddezya prabhu pArzvanAtha ke paMcakalyANaka kA kIrtana karanA hai| racanA ke prArambha meM racanA kI bhUmikA dI gaI hai, jisameM racanA ke praNayana kA uddezya batAyA hai aura likhA hai ki jinezvara ke guNoM kI stuti karane se samyaktva aura tIrthaGkara-gotra kI prApti hotI hai| racanA kI viSayavastu isa prakAra hai - vArANasI meM azvasena rAjA rAjya karate the| unakI patnI kA nAma vAmA thaa| caitrakRSNa caturthI ko dasaveM devaloka se eka deva 'cyava' kara vAmAdevI kI kukSi meM avatarita huaa| vAmA ne rAtri meM caudaha zubha svapnoM ke darzana kiye| pauSa kRSNA dazamI ko vAmA ne eka nIlavarNI bAlaka ko janma diyaa| bAlaka kA janmotsava devatAoM taka ne bhI sAnanda mnaayaa| bAlaka kA nAmakaraNa 'pArzvakumAra' kiyA gyaa| pArzva prajJAvAn evaM pravINa the| usa samaya tApasa kamaTha paMcAgni kI sAdhanA karane ke lie apane cAroM ora lakar3iyA~ jalAkara kaThina tapa kara rahA thaa| pArzva unake pAsa gae aura lakar3iyoM meM jalate

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225 samayasundara kI racanAe~ hue nAga-yugala ko bcaayaa| unhoMne usa nAga-yugala ko namaskAra-mantra' sunAyA, jisase vaha marakara dharaNendra evaM padyAvatI nAmaka deva-devI hue| pauSa kRSNA ekAdazI ko pArzvakumAra ne dIkSA aGgIkAra kI aura sAdhanA karane lge| pUrvabhava ke vairavaza kamaTha ne ati dhArAsAra jalavRSTi Adi se una para upasarga kiye, parantu dharaNendra deva ne isa duSkRtya ke lie kamaTha ko dhikkArA aura upasarga zAnta kiye| caitra kRSNA caturthI ko unhoMne kaivalya prApta kiyA aura tatpazcapAt sampUrNa AryakSetra meM dharmanIti ke bIja-vapana kiye| zrAvaNa zuklA aSTamI ko unhoMne siddhatva prApta kiyaa| isa prakAra kavi ne pArzvaprabhu ke paMcakalyANaka kA varNana karate hue anta meM unakI bhAvabhInI stuti kI hai| 6.2.3.24 zrI phalavarddhi pArzvanAtha stavana prastuta stavana kula 10 padyoM meM hai| 9 padyoM meM stuti hai aura antima padya meM 'kalaza' kiyA gayA hai| isa stavana meM phalavarddhi-pArzvanAtha-tIrtha kI mahimA kA varNana karate hue kavi ne unake prati apanI zraddhAMjali arpita kI hai| gIta meM yaha bhI nirdiSTa hai ki phalavarddhi pArzva kI pratimA zyAmavarNI, saptaphaNavAlI, manohArI aura camatkArI hai| isa tIrtha meM pauSa kRSNA dazamI ko bhArI melA lagatA hai| kavi ne bhI pauSa kRSNA dazamI ko hI isa tIrtha kI yAtrA kI thI, lekina unhoMne yaha tIrthayAtrA kisa varSa meM kI thI, isakI sUcanA gIta meM upalabdha nahIM hai| 6.2.3.25 zrI laudravapura sahasraphaNA pArzvanAtha stavanam __ prastuta stavana meM laudravapura pArzvanAtha kI stuti evaM vandanA kI gaI hai| gIta meM prApta ullekhoM se jJAta hotA hai ki jaisalamera ke sIhamala sAha ne laudravapura tIrtha kA jIrNoddhAra karavAyA thaa| tIrtha ke mUlanAyaka pArzvanAtha kI pratimA sahasraphaNoM se suzobhita thii| kavi ne vi0 saM0 1681 kI kArtika pUrNimA ko isa tIrtha kI yAtrA kI thii| gIta 9 padyoM meM haiN| 6.2.3.26 zrI stambhana pArzvanAtha stavanam isa gIta meM stambhana pArzvanAtha kI bhAvabhInI stuti kI gaI hai| kavi ne likhA hai ki abhayadevasUri ne seDhikA nadI ke taTa para isa pratimA ko prakaTa kara yahA~ tIrtha sthApita kiyA thaa| gIta meM 7 padya haiN| racanA-kAla anullikhita hai| 6.2.3.27 zrI nAkor3A pArzvanAtha stavanam prastuta stavana kA racanA-sthala mevApura hai, kintu racanA-kAla ajJAta hai| stavana 8 padyoM meM nibaddha hai| isameM kavi ne nAkor3A pArzvanAtha ke nAma kI mahimA pradarzita karate hue unake nAma kA jApa karane kI preraNA dI hai| kavi ne isa nAma ko mahAcamatkArI batAyA hai|

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226 mahopAdhyAya samayasundara : vyaktitva evaM kRtitva 6. 2.3.28 zrI gaur3I pArzvanAtha stavanam prastuta stavana meM gaur3I pArzvanAtha kI stuti kI gaI hai / kavi kA kahanA hai ki gaur3I pArzvanAtha kA tIrtha cAmatkArika evaM prasiddha hai / yahA~ kA adhiSThAyaka yakSa bhaktoM kA manovAMchita kArya siddha karatA hai| isa tIrtha kI yAtrA karane ke lie aneka yAtrI - saMgha yahA~ Ate haiN| kavi samayasundara batAte haiM ki mere ghuTane asvastha hone ke kAraNa maiM isa tIrtha kI yAtrA nahIM kara pA rahA hU~ / ataH dUra baiThe hI maiM gaur3I pArzvanAtha ko sabhakti vandana karatA hU~ / yaha stavana 7 padyoM meM nibaddha hai| isakA racanA - kAla ajJAta hai / 6. 2.3.29 zrI gaur3I pArzvanAtha stavanam prastuta gIta meM 7 padya haiM / isa gIta ke racanA- kAla kA kavi ne ullekha nahIM kiyA hai| isa gIta meM kavi ne gaur3I pArzvanAtha kI prArthanA karate hue yaha batAyA hai ki yahA~ bhAratavarSa ke bhinna-bhinna kSetroM se yAtrI saMgha yAtrA karane ke lie Ate haiN| ve yahA~ bhAvabhaktipUrvaka dravyapUjA evaM bhAvapUjA karate haiM / kavi ne bhI apanI bhakti-bhAvanA prastuta gIta meM vyakta kI hai| 6.2.3.30 zrI nAgoramaNDana pArzvanAtha stavanam vivecya gIta kI racanA vi0 saM0 1661, caitra kRSNA 5 ko sampUrNa huI thI / isameM 8 gAthAe~ haiM, anta meM 'kalaza' bhI likhA gayA hai| isa gIta meM tIrthaGkara pArzvanAtha kI prArthanA kI gaI hai| 6. 2.3.31 zrI sAMcora tIrtha mahAvIra jina stavanam vizleSya racanA meM 'jina pratimA jina sArakhI jANau' kI bhAvanA vyakta karate hue aura pratimA kI zAzvatatA siddha karane ke lie katipaya Agamika dRSTAntoM kA ullekha kiyA gayA hai| isake atirikta kavi ne tIrthaGkara kI stuti karate hue apane jIvana ko saphala mAnA hai| racanA 'kalaza' sahita 14 gAthAoM meM nibaddha hai| isakI racanA vi0 saM0 1677 mAgha mAha meM huI thI / 6.2.3.32 jaisalamera-maNDana mahAvIra jina vijJapti stavana prastuta racanA 'mahAvIra vinatI' ke nAma se jaina samAja meM prakhyAta hai| isa racanA kavi samayasundara prabhubhakti meM raMge hue dRSTigata hote haiM / parama tattva ke sAkSAtkAra kI isameM tIvra jijJAsA vyakta kI gaI hai| kavi ne isameM tIrthaGkara mahAvIra ke lokoddhAraka rUpa kA varNana karate hue unake dvArA kiye gaye uddhAroM para samyak prakAza DAlA hai / kavi kA bhI uddhAra ho - yahI prastuta racanA ke praNayana kA lakSya pratIta hotA hai / racanA 19 gAthAoM meM nibaddha hai, anta meM 'kalaza' bhI haiM / kavi ne isakI racanA jaisalamera meM kI thI / racanA - samaya kA ullekha kavi ne nahIM kiyA hai| 'mauna ekAdazI

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227 samayasundara kI racanAe~ stavana' Adi racanAoM se avagata hotA hai ki samayasundara ne vi0 saM0 1681 kA varSAvAsa jaisalamera meM pUrNa kiyA thaa| ata: vivecya racanA bhI usI varSAvAsa meM nirmita huI hogii| 6.2.3.33 zrI ghaMghANI tIrtha stavanam aitihya dRSTi se prastuta kRti atyanta mahattvapUrNa hai| isameM ghaMghANI tIrthAntaragata arjunapura meM jaina tathA jainetara mUrtiyoM kA kavi dvArA A~khoM dekhA citraNa hai| sampUrNa mUrtiyA~ 65 thIM, jinameM jaina mUttiyA~ 37 thiiN| ye mUrtiyAM ghaMghANI grAma ke dUdhelA nAmaka tAlAba ke pRSTha bhAga ke khaNDahara kI khudAI ke samaya nikalI thiiN| khaNDahara ke sampUrNa vaibhava kA kavi ne vistArapUrvaka varNana kiyA hai| jina-mUrtiyoM para aMkita abhilekhoM ke AdhAra para kavi ne likhA hai ki ve mUrtiyAM vIra saMvat 273 kI thiiN| ye jina pratimAe~ AryasuhastisUri dvArA pratiSThita evaM rAjA samprati dvArA pratiSThApita thiiN| isake atirikta kavi ne ghaMghANI tIrtha kA paricaya diyA hai aura isa tIrtha ko mahAprabhAvika batAyA hai| prastuta kRti cAra DhAloM meM gumphita hai| kRti ke anta meM kalaza' bhI likhA huA hai| kRti kA racanA samaya vi0 saM0 1662 kA mAgha mAsa hai|| ___ Upara hamane tIrtha evaM tIrthAdhipatiyoM se saMbaMdhita bhASA meM nibaddha racanAoM kA paricaya diyA hai| inake atirikta bahuta se laghu gIta bhI pAye jAte haiM, jinakA yahA~ nAmollekha kiyA jA rahA hai - 6.2.3.34 zrI aSTApada tIrtha bhAsa padya 5 6.2.3.35 aSTApadamaNDana zAMtinAtha gItam padya 5 6.2.3.36 zatrujayamaNDana AdinAtha bhAsa padya 5 6.2.3.37 zatrujaya tIrtha bhAsa padya5 6.2.3.38 zatrujayamaNDana yugAdideva gItam padya3 6.2.3.39 vimalAcalamaNDana Adijina stavana padya3 6.2.3.40 vimalAcala maNDana AdinAthajina stavana padya 4 6.2.3.41 arbudAcalamaNDana yugAdideva gItam padya 3 6.2.3.42 purimatAla-maNDana AdinAtha bhAsa padya 4 6.2.3.43 indravAri-maNDana zrI candraprabha bhAsa padya 2 6.2.3.44 AgarA-maNDana zrI vimalanAtha bhAsa padya 4 6.2.3.45 giranAratIrtha neminAtha ulaMbhA bhAsa padya 4 6.2.3.46 zrIsaurIpura-maNDana neminAtha bhAsa 6.2.3.47 zrInaDulAI maNDana neminAtha bhAsa 6.2.3.48 giranAra-maNDana neminAtha gItam padya3 padya 4 padya 2

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228 6.2.3.49 6.2.3.50 6.2.3.51 6.2.3.52 6.2.3.53 6.2.3.54 6.2.3.55 6.2.3.75 6.2.3.76 6.2.3.77 6.2.3.78 6.2.3.79 mahopAdhyAya samayasundara : vyaktitva evaM kRtitva zrI pArzvanAtha aneka tIrtha nAma stavana zrI jaisalamera maNDana pArzvajina gItam zrI phalavarddhi pArzvanAtha stavanam bhIr3abhaMjana pArzvanAtha bhAsa 6.2.3.56 zrI zaMkhezvara pArzvajina stavanam 6.2.3.57 zrI bhIr3a-bhaMjana pArzvanAtha bhAsa 6.2.3.58 zrI bhIr3a-bhaMjana pArzvanAtha bhAsa 6.2.3.59 zrI bhIr3a-bhaMjana pArzvajina bhAsa 6.2.3.60 zrI zaMkhezvara pArzvajina stavanam 6.2.3.61 zrI zaMkhezvara pArzvajina stavanam 6.2.3.62 zrI zaMkhezvara pArzvajina stavanam 6.2.3.63 zrI zaMkhezvara pArzvajina stavanam 6.2.3.64 zrI stambhana pArzvanAtha stavanam 6.2.3.65 zrI gaur3I pArzvanAtha stavanam 6.2.3.66 zrI gaur3I pArzvanAtha stavana 6.2.3.67 6.2.3.68 6.2.3.69 6.2.3.70 6.2.3.71 6.2.3.72 6.2.3.73 6.2.3.74 zrI laudravapura jinAlaya stavanam zrI stambhana pArzvanAtha stavanam zrI stambhana pArzvanAtha gItam zrI kaMsArI trambAvatImaNDana zrI gaur3I pArzvanAtha bhAsa zrI gaur3I pArzvanAtha stavanam zrI bhAbhA pArzvanAtha stavanam zrI bhAbhA pArzvanAtha laghu stavanam zrI serIsA pArzvanAtha stavanam zrI kalola pArzvanAtha bhAsa zrI sikandarapura cintAmaNi pArzvanAtha stavanam ajAharA pArzvanAtha bhAsa zrI ajAharA pArzvanAtha stavana zrI nAraGgA pArzvanAtha stavana zrI bAr3I pArzvanAtha bhAsa zrI maMgalora - maMDaNa nalapallava pArzvanAtha bhAsa zrI devakA pATaNa dAdA pArzvanAtha bhAsa padya 4 padya 3 padya 4 padya 2 padya 5 padya 3 padya 4 padya 5 padya 4 padya 3 padya 3 padya 5 padya 3 padya 3 padya 5 padya 5 padya 3 padya 3 padya 3 padya 3 padya 3 padya 3 padya 3 padya 3 padya 4 padya 4 padya 4 padya 3 padya 3 padya 5 padya 4

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samayasundara kI racanAe~ 229 6.2.3.80 zrI amIjharA pArzvanAtha gItam padya 3 6.2.3.81 zrI zAmalA pArzvanAtha gItam padya 3 6.2.3.82 zrI antarIkSa pArzvanAtha gItam padya 3 6.2.3.83 zrI bIbIpura maNDana cintAmaNi pArzvanAtha stavana padya 3 6.2.3.84 zrI bhar3akula pArzvanAtha gItam padya 3 6.2.3.85 zrI timarIpura pArzvanAtha gItam padya 2 6.2.3.86 zrI varakANA pArzvanAtha stavanam padya 3 6.2.3.87 zrI bhoDuyAgrAma-maNDana vIrajina gItam padya 3 6.3 muniyoM se saMbaMdhita racanAe~ ___ muni-jIvana eka uccastarIya naitikatA tathA AtmasaMyama kA jIvana hai| munijana samabhAva ke sAdhaka, preraNA-sUtra aura vyaktigata evaM sAmAjika jIvana meM naitikatA ke sajaga praharI huA karate haiN| jainazAstroM meM muniyoM ke do varga haiM -- 1. jinakalpI muni aura 2. sthavira kalpI muni / ' inameM jinakalpI muni ekAkI rahakara Atma-sAdhanA karate haiM, jabaki svavirakalpI muni saMgha meM rahakara sAdhanA karate haiN| 'dazavaikAlika sUtra'2, uttarAdhyaya sUtra Adi jainAgamoM meM Adarza muni kA svarUpa evaM usake jIvana kA paricaya varNita hai| Adarza muni nitya kalyANapatha meM apanI AtmA ko sthira rakhakara nazvara tathA apavitra dehAvAsa ko tyAgakara aura janma-maraNa ke bandhanoM ko sarvathA kATakara apunarAgati mokSa ko prApta karatA hamAre vivecya kavi samayasundara svayaM eka muni the aura apane pUrvavartI Adarza muniyoM ke prati natamastaka the| unhoMne Adarza muni-jIvana kA sazraddhA guNagAna kiyA hai| yaha bAta unake muniyoM se saMbaMdhita gItoM se pragaTa hotI hai| samayasundara ne muniyoM se saMbaMdhita svaracita gItoM kA saMkalana bhI kiyA thaa| isa taraha ke do saMkalana mile haiN| prathama saMkalana kA nAma hai, 'sAdhu gIta chttiisii'| isake antima do patroMvAlI pANDulipi abhaya jaina granthAlaya, bIkAnera meM upalabdha hai, jisameM 31 se 36 taka ke gIta surakSita haiN| prApta pANDulipi ke anta meM 36 gItoM kI sUcI dI gaI hai, jisase jJAta hotA hai ki samayasundara ne isameM 36 gItoM kA saMkalana kiyA hogaa| dvitIya saMkalana kA nAma hai, 'saadhu-giitaani'| isameM bhI muniyoM ke jIvanI saMbaMdhI gIta 1. vizeSAvazyakabhASyavRtti (7) 2. dazavaikAlikasUtra ('bhikkhu' nAmaka dazam adhyayana) 3. uttarAdhyayana sUtra ('sabhikkhu' nAmaka paMcadazam adhyayana) 4. dazavaikAlika sUtra (10.21)

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230 mahopAdhyAya samayasundara : vyaktitva evaM kRtitva saMkalita kiye gaye haiN| isakI samayasundara likhita do pratiyA~ aura anya likhita kaI pratiyA~ zrI agaracanda nAhaTA ko milI thiiN| inameM eka ke to kevala madhya patra hI unheM prApta hue haiM, jisameM saMkhyA 21 se 51 taka ke gIta haiM / saM0 1695 meM harirAma kA likhA huA gIta bhI isameM haiN| prArambhika gIta svayaM likhita hai aura pIche ke gIta harirAja ke likhita haiN| eka gIta meM 11/ gAthA to svayaM kI likhita aura pIche kA aMza harirAma kA likhA milA hai| lIMbar3I bhaNDAra meM 'sAdhugItAni' kI jo dUsarI prati milI hai, usameM 49 gIta haiN| inameM saM0 1692, migasara sudi 1 ahamadAbAda ke Idalapura meM cAturmAsa karate hue 45 gIta likhe aura 4 gIta phira pIche se likhe gye| 6 patroM kI apUrNa anya prati meM 13 gIta mile haiN| ___ aba hama muniyoM saM saMbaMdhita prApta gItoM kA svatantra rUpa meM paricaya de rahe haiM - 6.3.1 zrI zAlibhadragIta 'zrI zAlibhadra gIta' racanA meM kavivara likhate haiM ki dhannA aura zAlibhadra ne pravrajita hokara kaThora tapa-sAdhanA kii| antima jIvana meM unhoMne vaibhAragiri para saMlekhanAvrata dhAraNa kiyaa| zAlibhadra kI mAtA bhadrA unake darzana karane aaii| mAtA ne unheM apane palaka kholane ke lie kAphI anunaya kiyA, lekina zAlibhadra ne mAtA ke isa Agraha ko svIkAra nahIM kiyaa| anta meM samAdhimaraNa prApta kara deva bane, bhaviSya meM mukta hoNge| isa gIta kI hastalikhita prati ke anta meM likhA hai ki 'saM0 1695 varSe magasirasyAmAvAsyAM joDavAr3A grAme paM0 hriraamlikhitm|' isase spaSTa hai ki yaha racanA ukta samaya se pUrva-hI praNIta huI hogii| prastuta gIta meM 8 padya haiN| 6.3.2 zrI dhannA anagAra gItam / 'zrI dhannA anagAra gItam' 15 gAthAoM meM gumphita / racanA-sthala evaM samaya donoM hI anirdiSTa hai| isakA varNita viSaya adho-aMkita hai - kAkandI nagarI meM bhadrA nAmaka sArthavAhinI apane putra dhannA ke sAtha rahatI thii| dhannA ne eka bAra tIrthaGkara mahAvIra kA upadeza sunA aura dIkSA kI bhAvanA lekara ghara aayaa| patniyoM ne use samajhAyA - mayaNa daMta loha nA caNA, kima cAbasyai kNt| meru mAthai karI cAlavU, khaGgadhAra ho paMtha // para usane apanI battIsa patniyoM evaM dhana-vaibhava se saMbaMdha tor3akara pravrajyA svIkAra kara lii| unhoMne kaThora tapasyA kI aura sAdhu-ziromaNi ho ge| unake zarIra me kevala haDDiyA~ hI raha gaIM, parantu AtmA para AbhA khila utthii| anta meM unhoMne anazana kara paramamRtyu ko varaNa kiyaa| 1. samayasundara kRti kusumAMjali, vaktavya, pRSTha 16-18

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samayasundara kI racanAe~ 231 6.3.3 zrI DhaMr3haNa RSi gItam zrI DhaMr3haNa RSi gItam meM do DhAleM haiM / prathama DhAla meM 12 gAthAe~ haiM aura dvitIya DhAla meM 9 gAthAe~ haiM / isa gIta kI racanA vi0 saM0 1682, mArgazIrSa zuklA 1 ko pUrNa huI thii| prastuta gIta kA vivecya viSaya adho-likhita hai - dvArikA nagarI meM kRSNa rAjya karate the| eka bAra bhagavAn neminAtha dvArikA pdhaare| kRSNa apanI 16 hajAra patniyoM sahita unakA upadeza sunane gye| rAnI DhaMr3haNa kA putra DhaMr3haNa pratibodha ko prApta huA aura usane dIkSA dhAraNa kara lii| lekina unheM alAbhaparISaha kA kAphI sAmanA karanA pdd'aa| DhaMr3haNa RSi ne prabhu se isakA kAraNa pUchA, to prabhu bole - pUrvabhava meM tuma eka adhipati brAhmaNa the| tumane apane 500 sevakoM (hAliyoM) ke anna-jala meM antarAya kI thii| yaha usI kA phala hai, jo binA bhoge naSTa nahIM ho sktaa| he DhaMDhaNa! parISaha eka kasauTI hai| pratyeka pratikUla paristhiti ko prasannatApUrvaka sahana kara lenA parISaha-jaya hai, titikSA hai| DhaMr3haNa RSi parISaha vijetA bana gye| inheM bhagavAn ne apane saMgha kA sarvazreSTha ratna btlaayaa| anta meM inhoMne kaivalya prApta kara mukti kA varaNa kiyaa| 6.3.4 zrI bAhubali gItam 'zrI bAhubali gItam' ke racanA-kAla kA ullekha upalabdha nahIM hai| yaha gIta 7 kar3iyoM meM hai| isameM kavi ne likhA hai ki rAjya-lobhI bharata para prahAra karane ke lie bAhubali ne muSTi uThAI, lekina pratibodhita hokara saMyama aMgIkAra kara liyaa| kintu bAhubali mada-gaja para ArUr3ha hone ke kAraNa kevala jJAna na pA ske| bhagavAn RSabhadeva ne unheM upadeza dene ke lie brAhmI-sundarI ko bhejaa| donoM ke isa kathana ne unheM kevalajJAna dilA diyA - vIrA mhArA gaja thakI Utarau, gaja caDhyAM kevala na hoi re| 6.3.5 zrI zAlibhadra gItam prastuta racanA kA racanA-kAla anirdiSTa hai| isameM 10 kar3iyAM haiN| isa gIta meM kavi ne muni zAlibhadra kA guNa-kIrtana kiyA hai| zAlibhadra kA jIvana-vRtta hama 'dhannAzAlibhadra gItam' ke antargata varNita kara Ae haiN| 6.3.6 zrI prasannacandra rAjarSi gItam prastuta gIta meM 7 kar3iyA~ haiN| isakA racanA-kAla anullikhita hai| isameM prasannacandra rAjarSi ke guNoM kI stuti kI gaI hai| rAjarSi kA jIvana-caritra hama valkalacIrI caupAI' ke varNya-viSaya meM varNita kara Ae haiN| 6.3.7 zrI metArya RSi gItam rAjagRha nagara meM eka svarNakAra ke yahA~ metArya muni bhikSArtha gye| svarNakAra ghara

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232 mahopAdhyAya samayasundara : vyaktitva evaM kRtitva meM AhAra lene gyaa| Akasmika, eka krauMca pakSI svarNakAra ke svarNa-jaMvAra ko javAraanna samajhakara khA gyaa| svarNakAra ko muni para saMdeha huA aura krodhita hokara usane unake sira para bhIgI camar3I kI paTTI bAndha dii| paTTI sUkhane para muni ko atyadhika vedanA huii| rahasya ko batA dene para krauMca pakSI ko mAra DAlA jAvegA - yaha vicArakara ve mauna rahe aura samabhAva se usa pIr3A ko sahana kii| antataH muni ne kevalajJAna arjita kiyA aura mukta hue| isameM 7 gAthAe~ haiN| isakA racanA-kAla anullekhita hai| 6.3.8 zrI megharatha (zAMtinAtha dasama bhava) rAjA gItam prastuta gIta 21 gAthAoM meM Abaddha hai| gIta kA racanA-kAla ajJAta hai| isa gIta meM tIrthaGkara zAntinAtha kA pUrva bhava arthAt megharatha kA jIvanavRtta varNita hai| gIta ke praNayana kA uddezya dayA kA mAhAtmya prastuta karanA hai| kavi samayasundara dayA kI mahattA batAte hue kahate haiM ki - dayA thakI nava nidhi huvai, dayA e sukha nI khANa rUr3A raajaa| bhava ananta nI e sagI, dayA to mAtA jANa rUr3A rAjA / / 6.3.9 zrI bhavadatta-nAgilA gItam prastuta racanA meM kavivara likhate haiM ki bhavadatta muni apane gArhasthika bhAI bhavadeza ko upadeza dene ke lie unake ghara gye| unhoMne bhAI ko dIkSita hone kA upadeza diyaa| navavivAhita bhavadeva, bhAI ke upadeza ko lajjAvaza asvIkAra na kara skaa| usane dIkSA to le lI, lekina usake mana meM apanI patnI nAgilA kA hI dhyAna rahatA thaa| anta meM ve apanI patnI ko punaH prApta karane ke lie ghara gaye, parantu nAgilA ne vamita vastu ko punaH na grahaNa karane ke saMbaMdha meM bhavadeva ko smjhaayaa| muni punaH virakta ho gaye aura sAdhanA karake devagati prApta kii| yaha racanA 8 kar3iyoM meM nibaddha hai| isakA racanA-samaya anirdiSTa hai| 6.3.10 zrI mRgAputra gItam prastuta racanA meM mRgAputra zramaNa kI stuti kI gaI hai| mRgAputra sugrIva nagara meM rahatA thaa| usake pitA kA nAma balabhadra thA aura usakI mAtA kA nAma mRgaavtii| eka bAra mRgAputra ne mahala ke gavAkSa se eka muni ko draSTavya kiyaa| isa muniveza ne usake jIvana ko badala diyaa| usane apane mAtA-pitA se sAdhu banane kI AjJA maaNgii| mAtA-pitA putra ko saMyama se vimukha karane lage, jabaki putra saMyama grahaNa karane kA Agraha kara rahA thaa| anta meM unhoMne putra ko dIkSA kI anumati de dii| mRgAputra muni bane aura paramasAdhanA ke bAda unhoMne mukti prApta kii| kavi ne prastuta racanA kI viSaya-vastu kA AdhAra 'uttarAdhyayana sUtra' batAyA hai| racanA meM 7 gAthAe~ haiM / racanA-kAla anullekhita hai|

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233 samayasundara kI racanAe~ 6.3.11 zrI jambUsvAmI gItam 'zrI jambUsvAmI gItam' racanA 12-13 kar3iyoM meM nibaddha hai| isakI viSayavastu isa prakAra hai - rAjagRha nagara meM seTha RSabhadatta ke putra jambU ne eka bAra bhagavAn mahAvIra kI ArSa-vANI sunI aura brahmacarya-vrata kI pratijJA grahaNa kara lii| mAtA dhAraNI ne unakA 8 kanyAoM se vivAha kara diyaa| unhoMne apanI patniyoM ko pUrI rAtri upadeza diyaa| ve bhI dIkSita hone ko taiyAra ho giiN| rAta meM caurya-karma karane Ae prabhava Adi 500 cora bhI jambU kI upadezaprada bAteM sunakara pratibodhita hue| anta meM jambU ke sAtha usakI 8 patniyA~, patniyoM ke pitA-mAtA, usake svayaM ke pitA-mAtA aura prabhava Adi 500 coroM ne arthAt 528 vyaktiyoM ne sAmUhika dIkSA lii| jambU ne sAdhanA karake kevalajJAna prApta kiyA tathA siddha-gati ko prApta hue| isa racanA kA racanA-kAla jJAta nahIM ho pAyA hai| 6.3.12 zrI cilAtIputra gItam kavi ne prastuta gIta meM likhA hai ki seTha dhannA kA sevaka cilAtIputra usakI putrI ke prati Asakta ho gyaa| seTha ne use nikAla diyaa| vaha saMyogavaza 500 coroM kA svAmI bana gyaa| eka dina usane seTha ke ghara para DAkA DAlA aura suSamA ko uThA le gyaa| seTha ne usakA pIchA kiyaa| usane suSamA ko mAra ddaalaa| suSamA kA kaTA huA sira lekara vaha eka muni ke samIpa phuNcaa| unakA upazama, viveka, saMvara kA upadeza sunaa| usane vairAgya prApta kiyaa| mRtyu ke pazcAt AThaveM devaloka meM utpanna huaa| prastuta gIta meM 6 kar3iyA~ haiN| isakA racanA-kAla anirdiSTa hai| 6.3.13 zrI udayana rAjarSi gItam prastuta racanA kA racanA-samaya anullekhita hai| isakI lImbaDI aura abhaya jaina granthAlaya, bIkAnera vAlI hastalikhita pratiyoM meM se lImbar3IvAlI prati meM eka gAthA adhika hai| usameM isakI gAthA saMkhyA 21 hai| racanA 3 DhAloM meM nibaddha hai| prastuta gIta meM yaha ullikhita hai ki pATaNa-nareza udayana ke mana meM eka bAra abhilASA utpanna huI ki yadi merI nagarI meM bhagavAn mahAvIra A jAyeM, to merI nagarI dhanya ho jaaegii| bhagavAn vahA~ gye| unakA upadeza sunakara rAjA virakta ho gyaa| rAjya saMcAlana meM karma-baMdhana adhika hote haiM - yaha socakara rAjA ne apane putra abhIcakumAra ko rAjyabhAra na dekara apane bhAgineya kezI ko diyaa| rAjA ne pravrajyA dhAraNa kara kaThina tapasyA kii| ve vyAdhigrasta ho gye| auSadhopacAra karAne hetu ve pATaNa aae| kezI rAjA ne yaha vicArakara muni ko nagara meM praveza karane se rukavA diyA ki ye mujhase rAjya chInane Ae haiN| anta meM eka kumhAra ne muni ko prazraya diyaa| kezI ne muni ko auSadhi meM viSa

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234 mahopAdhyAya samayasundara : vyaktitva evaM kRtitva pilA diyaa| zubhadhyAna kA smaraNa karate hue muni ne kevalajJAna arjita kiyA aura mokSapada prApta kiyaa| 6.3.14 zrI nami-rAjarSi gItam ___zrI nami-rAjarSi gItam' kA racanA-kAla ajJAta hai| gIta meM 7 gAthAe~ haiN| prastuta gIta kA varNita viSaya 'cAra pratyekabuddha-rAsa' ke tRtIya khaNDa ke varNita viSaya se saMbaMdhita hai, jisakI carcA hama pUrva meM kara cuke haiN| ataH yahA~ isa saMbaMdha meM likhanA punarAvRtti-doSa se grasta honA hai| 6.3.15 zrI ilAputra sajjhAya 'zrI ilAputra sajjhAya' ilAputra kI jIvanI ko prastuta karatI hai| ilAputra zreSThIputra hote hue bhI eka naTakanyA se kAmAsakta hokara nagara-nagara bhaTakatA hai aura naTa-kalA kA pradarzana karatA hai, lekina eka anAsakta zramaNa ko eka sundarI se AhAra lete hue dekhakara vaha bhI virakta ho gayA aura usane AdhyAtmika vizuddhi ke dvArA kevala-jJAna arjita kiyaa| gIta 9 gAthAoM meM nibaddha hai| isakA racanA-samaya anupalabdha hai| 6.3.16 zrI nami pratyekabuddha gItam isa gIta meM 'nami' nAmaka tRtIya pratyekabuddha' kA saMkSepa meM jIvana-vRtta gumphita hai, jisakA vistRta vRttAnta hama 'cAra pratyekabuddha-rAsa' kA paricaya dete hue de Ae haiN| prastuta gIta meM 6 kar3iyA~ haiM / gIta kA racanA-kAla anirdiSTa hai| 6.3.17 zrI naggaI caturtha pratyekabuddha gItam vivecya racanA 6 gAthAoM meM Abaddha hai| isakA racanA-kAla kavi ne nahIM diyA hai| isa racanA meM naggati nAmadheyaka 'caturtha pratyekabuddha' kA guNAnuvAda karate hue unakI jIvanI para prakAza DAlA gayA hai| naggati kI jIvanI hamane 'cAra pratyekabuddha rAsa' ke varNana meM dI hai| 6.3.18 zrI AdIzvara 98 putra-pratibodha gItam yaha eka upadezAtmaka racanA hai| Adi tIrthaGkara RSabhanAtha aSTApada-giri para viharaNa kara rahe the| vahA~ unake 98 putra bhI pahu~ca gye| putroM ne unheM apanI gArhasthika paristhitiyoM se avagata karAte hue kahA ki bharata bhaiyA hamArA rAjya hastagata karanA cAhate haiN| aba ve rAjyAdi sukhoM meM mUrcchita ho gaye haiN| isake pratyuttara meM prabhu ne jo vairAgyaparaka upadeza diyA thA, use hI kavi ne prastuta kRti meM mukhya rUpa se aMkita kiyA hai| unake upadeza se sabhI putra pratibodhita hue aura pravrajyA aMgIkAra kara lii| samayasundara kA kathana hai ki unhoMne yaha racanA sUyagaDAMga (sUtrakRtAMga) sUtra ke AdhAra se praNIta kI hai| isa kRti meM 40 gAthAe~ haiM / samayasundara ne hAthI zAha kI preraNA evaM Agraha se yaha racanA likhI thii| yaha racanA kaba likhI gaI - isakA kavi ne koI

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235 samayasundara kI racanAe~ ullekha nahIM kiyA hai| 6.3.19 zrI dumuha pratyekabuddha gItam prastuta gIta 7 gAthAoM meM nibaddha hai| gIta kA racanA-samaya ajJAta hai| isameM dvimukha nAmaka 'dvitIya pratyekabuddha' kA saMkSipta jIvana citrita hai, jisakA vivecana hamane 'cAra pratyekabuddha rAsa' ke paricayAntargata kara diyA hai| 6.3.20 zrI arahantraka sAdhu gItam isa gIta kA varNyaviSaya pathabhraSTa hue arahannaka muni dvArA saMyama aMgIkAra kara mokSa-gamana karane se saMbaMdhita hai| gIta meM 7 gAthAe~ haiN| isakA racanA-kAla anirdiSTa hai| 6.3.21 zrI arahannaka gItam prastuta gIta kA racanA-kAla vidita nahIM ho pAyA hai| gIta 9 gAthAoM meM Abaddha hai| gIta meM varNita viSaya-nimnAMkita hai - muni arahannaka ne sUrya kI grISma-kiraNoM se vyAkula hokara aura eka taruNI ke nivedana para apanA muni-veza tyAga diyaa| unakI mAtA sAdhvI bhadrA arahannaka ke viyoga meM pAgala ho gii| kAlAntara, arahannaka apanI mAtA kI dIna avasthA evaM mAtA kA putra ke prati prema dekhakara punaH virakti ko prApta hue| unhoMne vApasa pravrajyA grahaNa kara lI aura utkRSTa sAdhanA ke dvArA mokSapada prApta kiyaa| 6.3.22 zrI arahannaka muni gItam 'zrI arahantraka muni gItam' meM arahannaka muni ke pUrva meM sanmArgagAmI, phira unmArgagAmI aura punaH sanmArgagAmI jIvana-vRtta ko nibaddha kiyA gayA hai| racanA meM 8 kar3iyA~ haiN| isakA praNayana-kAla ajJAta hai| 6.3.23 anAthI muni gItam __ prastuta racanA kA racanA-sthala evaM racanA-samaya - donoM hI ajJAta haiN| prastuta kRti ke praNayana kA uddezya anAtha aura sanAtha kI paribhASA vyakta karanA hI parilakSita hotA hai| kRti-sAra isa prakAra hai - magagha-samrATa zreNika ne muni anAthI se muni banane kA kAraNa puuchaa| muni ne kahA - maiM anAtha haiM, isalie maiM sAdhu banA huuN| rAjA ne kahA - maiM terA nAtha banatA huuN| muni ne kahA - rAjan! tU bhI anAtha hai| rAjA isa uttara se cakita huaa| muni ne apane vaibhava-sampanna gRhastha-jIvana kA paricaya diyA aura kahA ki aizvarya evaM parivAra hone mAtra se koI sanAtha nahIM hotaa| bAhara meM saba kucha pAkara bhI vyakti anAtha hI raha jAtA hai, yadi vaha apanI viSaya-vAsanAoM kA niyantA nahIM hai| vivecya racanA meM 9 gAthAe~ haiN| isakI kathA 'uttarAdhyayana sUtra' meM AI hai|

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236 mahopAdhyAya samayasundara : vyaktitva evaM kRtitva 6.3.24 dhannA anagAra gItam rAjA zreNika ne bhagavAna mahAvIra se pUchA ki Apake 14 hajAra ziSyoM meM sarvAdhika tapasvI kauna hai? mahAvIra ne kahA - dhannA anagAra hai| vaha kAkandI nagara kI bhadrA sArthavAhinI kA putra hai| usane apAra vaibhava ko chor3akara bar3e vairAgya se dIkSA grahaNa kI hai| utkaTa tapa karane se usakA zarIra sUkhakara asthi-piMjara-sA ho gayA hai| yahI prastuta racanA kA sAra hai| isameM 9 kar3iyA~ haiN| isakA bhI nirmANa-sthala tathA samaya, donoM ajJAta haiN| 6.3.25 ilAputra gItam prastuta kRti mAtra 18 kar3iyoM meM nibaddha hai| isakA kathAnaka svata: rocaka hai| ilAvardhana nagara meM dhanadatta seTha rahatA thaa| usake ilAputra nAmaka Atmaja thaa| ilAputra eka bAra nATaka dekhate hue surUpA nAmaka naTa-kanyA para mohita ho gyaa| usane usake sAtha vivAha-saMskAra karanA caahaa| naTa ne apanA prastAva upasthita kiyA, 'hamAre saMga rahane vAle nipuNa naTa ke sAtha hI naTa-kanyA kA vivAha hogaa|' kAmAsakta ilAputra ne ise svIkAra kara liyaa| dhana-vaibhava ThukarAkara vaha naTa-vidyA kA pradarzana karane lgaa| eka bAra naTa-vidyA meM niSNAta ilAputra jaba eka nagara meM rAjA aura janasamUha ke samakSa apanI kalA kA pradarzana kara rahA thA, taba rAjA bhI surUpA ke rUpa-lAvaNya ko dekha use pAne kI yojanA banAne lgaa| ilAputra ke jIvita rahate yaha kArya ho pAnA duSkara thaa| eka ora rAjA ilAputra ke jIvana ko samApta karane kI socane lagA, to dUsarI ora ilAputra rAjA se dhanaprApti kii| rAjA ne do-tIna bAra ilAputra se kalA kA pradarzana krvaayaa| rAjA ne jaba cauthI bAra bAMsa para car3hakara kalA-pradarzana hetu kahA, to vaha anyamanaskatA ke sAtha bA~sa para cddh'aa| usI samaya usakI dRSTi eka gRhI ke yahA~ bhikSA ke lie Ae hue eka muni para pdd'ii| yadyapi gRha-svAminI surUpA se jyAdA lAvaNyavatI thI, kintu muni ne usakI ora nigAha uThAkara nahIM dekhaa| bhikSA grahaNa kI aura cala diye| yakAyaka ilAputra kI vicAra-dazA bdlii| vairAgya-bhAvanA dRDhIbhUta huI, samyak dRSTi ko prApta kara kaSAyoM kA uccheda kiyA aura usI bAMsa para kaivalya ko prApta kara liyaa| anta meM usane sabhI ko upadeza diyaa| rAjA aura naTI, donoM hI pratibodha ko prApta hue| kavi ne bhAvanA yA bhAvazuddhi ke mahattva ko batalAne ke lie yaha kathA sundara rUpa se aMkita kI hai| prastuta kRti kI racanA kavi samayasundara ne ahamadAbAda janapada ke Idalapura meM likhI hai| isakA racanA-kAla nizcita nahIM ho pAyA hai| 6.3.26 dhannA-zAlibhadra sajjhAya yaha 36 kar3iyoM meM likhI gaI choTI-sI racanA hai| kavi ne isake lekhana-kAla aura sthala kA ullekha nahIM kiyA hai| vivecya-racanA kA varNya-viSaya isa prakAra hai -

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samayasundara kI racanAe~ 237 rAjagRha meM zAlibhadra nAmaka apAra samRddhizAlI seTha rahatA thaa| eka bAra eka ratnakambala kA vyApArI apanI ratnakambaloM ko vikraya karane hetu rAjagRha AyA / rAjA zreNika una ratnakambaloM ko kraya na kara sake, kintu mAtA bhadrA ne unheM kraya kara zAlibhadra kI patniyoM ko de diyaa| rAjA zreNika ne apanI patnI ke Agraha para dUsare dina eka ratnakambala kharIdane hetu vyApArI kI khoja krvaaii| usase jJAta huA ki ve sabhI kambaleM mAtA bhadrA kraya kara cukI haiN| yaha jAnakara zreNika ko mAtA bhadrA se milane kI utkaNThA huI aura ve usase milane ke lie usake ghara aae| mAtA bhadrA ne putra ko kahalAyA - putra ! apane nAtha ghara Ae haiM, ataH nIce Ao aura unheM namaskAra karo / putra nIce to AyA, para 'nAtha' zabda usake mana meM bArambAra khaTakane lgaa| isI eka zabda ne usake cintana ko mor3a diyA aura kramaza: jIvana ko bhii| dUsarA koI merA nAtha bane, isase to yahI acchA hogA ki maiM svayaM hI apanA nAtha bana jaauN| jo svayaM kA nAtha bana jAtA hai, vaha sAre jagata kA nAtha bana jAtA hai| ataH usane saMyama-grahaNa karane kA nirNaya kara liyaa| usake 32 patniyA~ thiiN| vaha pratidina eka-eka patnI kA tyAga karane lgaa| zAlibhadra kI bahana bhadrA kA vyaMgya sunakara usake bahanoI dhannA seTha bhI dIkSA lene ko prastuta ho gaye / unhoMne zAlibhadra kI vairAgya - bhAvanA ko sampuSTa kiyA tathA donoM apramatta hokara sAdhanA - patha para cala pdd'e| bhagavAn mahAvIra se donoM ne sAdhu-jIvana svIkAra kiyA aura utkRSTa sAdhanA kara samAdhi-maraNa prApta kiyA / 6.3.27 zrIdazArNabhadra gItam ahaMkAra bhI kabhI-kabhI Atma-saMskAra karane meM sahAyaka siddha ho jAtA hai| kavi ne likhA hai ki dazArNabhadra nAmaka rAjA ne vicAra kiyA ki maiM bhagavAn mahAvIra ko itane vaibhava ke sAtha vandana karane jAU~ ki isameM koI bhI merI barAbarI na kara sake / vaha atyadhika ADambara ke sAtha bhagavAn ko vandanA karane ravAnA huaa| indra ne usakA ahaM naSTa karane ke lie dazArNabhadra se aneka guNA adhika ADambara sahita Akara bhagavAn ko vandanA kI / indra se isa taraha parAjita hone para dazArNabhadra ke vicAroM meM parivartana AyA aura usane tatkAla muni dIkSA le lii| isa prakAra indra ko apane pairoM para jhukA liyA / indra ne usakI prazaMsA kI / dazArNabhadra kramaza: karmakSaya karake siddha-buddha hue / prastuta gIta 9 padyoM meM nibaddha hai| isakA racanAkAla anupalabdha hai| 6. 3.28 zrI sukozala sAdhu gItam isa gIta meM 6 padya haiN| isakA racanA-kAla kavi ne sUcita nahIM kiyA hai| isakI viSaya-vastu isa prakAra hai sAketa nAmaka eka nagara thA / usameM sahadevI nAmaka eka mahilA rahatI thI, jisake putra kA nAma sukozala thaa| sukozala ne saMsAra ko asAra samajhakara pravrajyA varaNa

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238 mahopAdhyAya samayasundara : vyaktitva evaM kRtitva kara lo / eka dina vaha dhyAna meM lIna thA ki eka bAgha ne usa para dhAvA bola diyA, parantu vaha sahanazIla svabhAvavAlA thaa| zukladhyAna meM nirata rahakara usane kaivalya tathA mukti prApta kii| 6.3.29 zrI saMyatI sAdhu gItam kAMpilya nagara kA rAjA saMjaya eka bAra zikAra khelane ke lie jaMgala meM gayA / usane hiraNa kA zikAra kiyaa| jaba usakI dRSTi mRta hiraNoM ke sAmane dhyAnarata muni para gayI, to vaha unake abhizApa ke bhaya se bar3A bhayabhIta ho gyaa| usane muni se kSamA mAMgI, to muni bole, 'rAjan ! merI ora se tumheM abhaya hai| tuma bhI abhayadAtA bno| jinake lie tuma yaha anartha raha rahe ho, ve svajana koI bhI tumheM bacA nahIM skeNge|' saMjaya pratibodha pAkara muni bana gayA / kavi ne likhA hai ki isI taraha bharata, sagara Adi aneka rAjAoM ne rAjya kA tyAgakara saMyamavrata grahaNa kiyA thA, jinakA 'uttarAdhyayana sUtra' meM vistRta varNana upalabdha hotA hai - yahI prastuta gIta kI viSaya-vastu hai / isa gIta meM 11 gAthAe~ haiM / isakA racanA - samaya ajJAta hai / 6. 3.30 zrI sanatkumAra cakravartI gItam prastuta gIta meM kavi ne akhyAyita kiyA hai ki sanatkumAra ne apanI sampUrNa Rddhi-samRddhi kA parityAga kara dIkSA grahaNa kI aura aneka parISahoM ko sahakara zuddha saMyama kA pAlana karate hue siddhi prApta kI / gIta meM 7 padya haiN| isakA racanA - kAla anirdiSTa hai| Upara hamane muniyoM se saMbaMdhita 30 racanAoM kA paricaya prastuta kiyA hai| ye sabhI racanAe~ bhASA meM nibaddha haiM / uparyukta racanAoM ke atirikta muniyoM se saMbaMdhita nimnalikhita laghu gIta bhI upalabdha hote haiM - 6.3.31 zrI aimattA RSi gItam 6.3.32 zrI aimattA muni gItam (apUrNa) 6. 3.33 zrI ayavaMtI sukumAla gItam 6.3.34 zrI AdityayazAdi ATha sAdhu gItam 6.3.35 zrI khandaka - ziSya gItam 6.3.36 zrI gajasukumAla muni gItam 6.3.37 zrI thAvaccA RSi gItam 6.3.38 zrI karakaNDU pratyeka- 5-buddha gItam 6.3.39 cAra pratyekabuddha saMlagna gItam 6. 3.40 zrI jambUsvAmI gItam 6.3.41 zrI prasannacandra rAjarSi gItam padya 3 padya 21, padya 5 2 padya 4 padya 5 padya 5 padya 5 padya 5 padya 5 padya 5 padya 5

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padya 5 padya 4 padya 5 samayasundara kI racanAe~ 239 6.3.42 zrI bAhubali gItam padya 4 6.3.43 zrI meghakumAra gItam 6.3.44 zrI rAmacandra gItam padya5 6.3.45 zrI rAmasItA gItam 6.3.46 zrI zAlibhadra gItam 6.3.47 zrI zreNikarAya gItam padya 4 6.4 satiyoM se saMbaMdhita gIta sadAcArI, zIlavAn evaM pativratA striyA~ satI kahalAtI haiM / pracalita artha meM satI vaha strI hai jo apane pati ke marane para usake sAtha hI jalakara anugamana karatI thii| vastutaH yaha prathA garhita thii| mugaloM ke AkramaNakAla meM zIlasurakSA kI kaThinAI ke kAraNa hI ise protsAhana milA thaa| samrATa akabara ne bhI ise banda karanA cAhA, parantu use saphalatA prApta nahIM huii| kintu rAjA rAmamohanarAya ke prayAsoM ke lArDa viliyama beMTiGka ke zAsana-kAla (1829 I0) meM yaha prathA bhArata meM banda kara dI gyii| jainadharma meM akhaNDa brahmacarya kA pAlana karane vAlI yA pativratA Adarza strI satI mAnI jAtI hai| satI striyA~ apane satItva ke rakSaNa ke lie aneka pratikUla sthitiyoM kA sAmanA karatI haiM aura kaSTa uThAkara bhI apane zIlavrata ko surakSita rakhatI haiN| jainasAhitya meM aisI satI striyoM kA pracura varNana upalabdha hotA hai| udAharaNa rUpa meM - 1. Avazyaka niyukti (gAthA 169, 348, 520-21, 1048, 1284, 1311 Adi) 2. dazavaikAlika-niyukti (1.73-76, 2.8 Adi) 3. uttarAdhyayana sUtra (adhyayana 22 Adi) 4. jJAtAsUtra (16vA~ adhyayana) 5. triSaSTizalAkApuruSa-caritra (parva 7-8) 6. bharatezvara-bAhubali-vRtti aadi| kavivara samayasundara ne bhI satiyoM ke caritra para aneka gIta nibaddha kiye haiN| una gItoM se vidita hotA hai ki ve ina nArI-ratnoM ke prati apanI gaharI zraddhA rakhate the| kavi samayasundara ke satiyoM se saMbaMdhita gItoM kA sAmAnya vivaraNa nimnAnusAra hai - 6.4.1 zrI RSidattA gItam prastuta gIta meM 17 kar3iyA~ haiN| isakI viSayavastu nimnAMkita hai - rAjA kanakaratha rukmiNI se vivAha karane ke lie ravAnA huaa| mArga meM usakI tApasa-putrI RSidattA se bheMTa huii| rAjA usa para mohita ho gyaa| vaha rukmiNI se vivAha karane ke sthAna para usase vivAha karake lauTa aayaa|

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240 mahopAdhyAya samayasundara : vyaktitva evaM kRtitva jaba rukmiNI ko ukta ghaTanA kI jAnakArI milI, to usane eka yoginI ko usase badalA lene ke lie bhejaa| usane eka manuSya kI hatyA kara usakA mAMsa RSidattA ke pAsa rakha diyA aura rakta se usakA mu~ha lipta kara diyaa| rAjA ne RSidattA ko rAkSasI samajhakara mRtyu-daNDa kI AjJA de dii| RSidattA ko gardabha para sAre nagara meM ghumAyA gyaa| caNDAla ne use mArane ke lie jaise hI khaGga nikAlA, vaise hI vaha aceta hokara gira pdd'ii| caNDAla ne use mRta samajhakara chor3a diyaa| RSidattA saceta hone para apane pitA ke gRha calI gii| RSidattA ke Agraha para tApasa-pitA ne auSadhiyoM ke prabhAva se use puruSa banA diyaa| vaha RSidattA tApasa ke nAma se prasiddha huaa| rAjA kanakaratha rukmiNI se vivAha karane ke lie punaH ravAnA huaa| mArga meM rAjA tApasa ke Azrama meM gayA aura RSidatta ke prati sneha uddIpta ho jAne se usane use sAtha le liyaa| rAjA rukmiNI se vivAha kara vApasa lauTa aayaa| eka dina rukmiNI ko apane pUrvakRta kArya ke lie Atma-glAni hii| usane pazcAtApa karate hue rAjA ko RSidattA ke sAtha ghaTita kI gaI bAta khii| rAjA bhI pazcAtApa kI agni meM jhulasane lgaa| usane praNa kiyA ki yadi RSidattA use na milI, to maiM AtmahatyA kara luuNgaa| rAjA ne citA jalavAyI aura usameM praveza karane lgaa| uparyukta avasara samajhakara tApasa ne RSidattA ko punaH strI rUpa meM kara diyaa| tApasa ne rAjA ko kahA ki tumhArA mitra RSidatta hI tumhArI patnI RSidattA hai| antima jIvana meM RSidattA ne dIkSA grahaNa kI, kevalajJAna pAyA aura muktAtmA bnii| isa gIta meM varNita rukmiNI zrIkRSNa kI patnI rukmiNI se bhinna pratIta hotI hai| prastuta gIta kA racanA-kAla anupalabdha hai| 6.4.2 zrI narmadAsundarI satI gItam isa gIta meM kavivara likhate haiM ki narmadAsundarI dRr3ha zIlavatI thii| eka bAra vaha apane pati ke sAtha samudramArga se kahIM jA rahI thii| mArga meM narmadA ne apane pati ko gItanRtya ke rahasya-bhare lakSaNa aura usake aMga btaae| pati ko patnI para saMzaya utpanna huaa| usane rAkSasa-dvIpa para apanI patnI ko chor3a diyaa| narmadA ne apane satItva-rakSaNa ke lie aneka kaSTa sahe / vezyA, rAjA Adi aneka ke jAla meM vaha pha~sI, pAgala kI taraha galIgalI meM bhaTakI, parantu apane pAtivratya ko surakSita rkhaa| anta meM bharuyacchavAsI zrAvaka jinadAsa ne use usake pIhara pahu~cA diyaa| ___ eka dina narmadA ne pratibaddha hokara saMyamamArga grahaNa kara liyaa| mahAn tapa karate hue usane avadhijJAna upArjita kiyaa| narmadA ne apane pati ko svara-lakSaNa jJAna kA bheda

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samayasundara kI racanAe~ 241 prakaTa kiyA to use bhArI pazcAtApa huaa| narmadA ne use bhI pratibodha diyA / anta meM apanI sAdhanA ke dvArA narmadA ne svarga prApta kiyA / prastuta gIta meM 8 padya haiN| isakA racanA - kAla evaM racanA-sthala ajJAta haiM 1 6.4.3 celanA satI gItam yaha gIta 7 gAthAoM meM nibaddha hai| isakA racanA - kAla anullikhita hai / gIta kI viSaya-vastu isa prakAra hai magadha- nareza zreNika rAnI celanA ke sAtha bhagavAn mahAvIra ko vandana karake jaba lauTa rahe the, to rAha calatI huI celanA ne eka kAyotsargastha muni ko dekhA / bhayaMkara sardI meM bhI ve muni nirvastra va nizcala khar3e the / rAtri meM celanA kA eka hAtha khulA raha gayA, jisase vaha sunna ho gyaa| use muni smRti jAgI aura vaha bola baiThI - ve kyA karate hoMge ? rAjA ne ise sunA aura vicAra kiyA - isake mana meM nizcaya hI kisI para-puruSa ke prati prema hai| usane agale dina abhayakumAra ko usakA mahala jalAne ko Adeza de diyaa| abhaya ne rAjA ko bhrama huA samajhakara khAlI mahala jalavA diyaa| jaba mahAvIra ne zreNika kA bhrama dUra kiyA, to use pazcAtApa huA aura usane abhayakumAra ko nikala jAne kI AjJA dii| abhaya pravrajita ho gayA, udhara celanA ko jIvita dekha rAjA prasanna huaa| 6. 4.4 zrI davadantI satI gItam isa gIta meM nala dvArA dyUta-krIr3A meM rAjya hAra jAne se lekara damayantI ke pitRgRha pahu~cane taka kI ghaTanA saMkSepa meM varNita hai / ina ghaTanAoM kA vistRta vivaraNa 'naladavadantI - rAsa' kI viSaya-vastu kA varNana karate hue hama likha cuke haiM / ataH yahA~ usakA varNana apekSita nahIM hai / gIta 6 gAthAoM meM racita hai| isakA racanA - kAla ajJAta hai / 6. 4.5 aMjanAsundarI gItam prastuta gIta meM aMjanAsuMdarI ke hRdayadrAvaka jIvana-vRtta kA saMkSepa meM citraNa kiyA gayA hai| rAjA pavanaMjaya kI patnI kA nAma aMjanA thA, lekina pUrva karmoM ke saMyoga vaza pavanaMjaya usake prati anyamanaska rahe; yahA~ taka ki usase koI bAtacIta bhI nahIM kI / ekadA pavanaMjaya yuddha ke lie ravAnA hue| prathama par3Ava meM unhoMne cakave ke viraha meM jhulasatI cakavI ko dekhaa| usake mana meM aMjanA kA vicAra AyA, jo bAraha varSoM se virahagrasta thI / rAjA rAtri meM hI gupta rUpa se aMjanA ke pAsa gye| aMjanA Rtu snAtA thI, ataH garbha rahane para bhI koI saMdeha na kare, isalie pavanaMjaya ke apanI nAmAMkita mudrikA use de dI thI; parantu usakI sAsa ne avizvAsa karate hue kalaMka lagAkara use

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242 mahopAdhyAya samayasundara : vyaktitva evaM kRtitva nikAla diyaa| aMjanA ne vana meM putra kA prasava kiyA, jo Age calakara hanumAna ke nAma se prasiddha huaa| aMjanA ke mAmA pratisUrya use apane nagara meM le gyaa| pavanaMjaya ko yuddha se lauTane para jaba sArI sthiti jJAta huI, to vaha citA banA kara AtmahatyA karane lagA; lekina pavanaMjaya kA mitra aMjanA ko le gyaa| cAroM ora Ananda kA sAgara umar3a pdd'aa| anta meM donoM ne saMyama aMgIkAra kara svargArohaNa kiyA, bhaviSya meM mukta hoNge| gIta meM 11 padya haiN| isakA racanA-kAla anupalabdha hai / 6.4.6 marudevI mAtA gItam prastRta kRti 14 gAthAoM meM likhita hai| racanA meM kavi ne likhA hai ki marudevI Adya tIrthaGkara RSabhanAtha kI mAtA thii| RSabhanAtha ke pravrajita hone ke pazcAt dIrghakAla taka mAtA ko putra kA darzana nahIM huaa| vaha putra - anurAga meM rAjA bharata ko aneka bAra upAlambha detI, jisakA kavi ne 7 gAthAoM meM manohara citraNa kiyA hai| RSabhanAtha ko kevalajJAna prApta hone ke bAda ve vicaraNa karate hue jaba ayodhyA padhAre, to mAtA unheM ulAhanA dene gii| dUra se hI jaba usane samavasaraNa meM putra ko cauMtIsa atizayoM se yukta dekhA to usake vicAra badala gaye / usakA putra - rAga aura putra kA vItarAga-bhAva adbhuta thaa| usane apane rAga ko dhikkArA / kSapaka - zreNI kA avalambana kara zukladhyAna meM ArUr3ha huI, kevalajJAna utpanna huA aura marudevI hAthI para baiThe hue hI siddha ho gii| prastuta gIta kA nirmANa sthala tathA samaya anavagata hai| 6.4.7 davadantI gItam nala-davadantI kathA ko lekara vipula sAhitya racA gayA hai / samayasundara ne bhI isa kathA para eka svatantra rAsa nirmita kiyA hai, jisakI carcA hama pUrva meM kara cuke haiN| prastuta racanA meM davadantI kI viraha vedanA kA varNana hai / nala, davadantI ko jaMgala meM akelI soyI chor3akara calA jAtA hai / davadantI viraha ke kAraNa huI apanI dIna-dazA ko nala taka pahu~cAne ke lie candramA ke nivedana karatI hai, jo ki hRdayasparzI hai / davadantI yahA~ taka kaha uThatI hai ki ajJAta haiM 1 ho dRSTAnta thArau nala dAkhisyai re, dA0 re ho kaviyaNa kerI re kodd'ii| ho puruSa kUr3A ghaNuM kapaTiyA re, ho ka0 re, ho kharI lagar3I taI khor3I // Alocya racanA 11 gAthAoM meM banAyI gayI hai| racanA sthana evaM samaya, donoM

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243 padya 5 samayasundara kI racanAe~ 6.4.8 zrI rAjula-rahanemi gItam 'zrI rAjula-rahanemi gItam' kA racanA-sthala aura racanA-kAla, donoM hI ajJAta haiN| isameM 8 gAthAe~ hai| racanA ke kathAnaka kA mUla udgama-srota 'uttarAdhyayana sUtra' kA 22vAM rahanemija' nAmaka adhyAya hai| prastuta racanA meM pathabhraSTa hote hue rathanemi ko rAjula ke dvArA diyA gayA upadeza hai| satiyoM se saMbaMdhita uparyukta sabhI gIta bhASA meM nibaddha haiN| inake atirikta katipaya anya laghu gIta bhI prApta hote haiM - 6.4.9 zrI culaNI bhAsa padya 5 (caturtha padya kI dvitIya paMkti tathA paMcama padya kI prathama paMkti aprApta) 6.4.10 zrI mRgAvatI satI gItam padya 4 6.4.11 zrI rAjula-rahanemi gItam padya 2 6.4.12 zrI rAjula-rahanemi gItam padya 5 6.4.13 zrI rAjula-rahanemi gItam (paMcama padya kA aMtima pAda apUrNa) 6.4.14 zrI subhadrA satI gItam padya 5 6.4.15 zrI draupadI sato bhAsa 6.5 guru-gIta kavivarya samayasundara kA hRdaya apane guruoM ke prati zraddhAbhibhUta thaa| unakI guru-paramparA meM sabhAgata AcAryoM kA paricaya hamane prathama adhyAya meM diyA hai| kavi ne apane gaccha ke AcAryoM aura gurujanoM ke caraNoM meM stavana rUpa zraddhA ke phUla car3hAye haiN| yahA~ hama unake guruoM se saMbaMdhita gItoM kA paricaya de rahe haiM - 6.5.1 saMskRta meM nibaddha guru-gIta 6.5.1.1 dAdA zrI jinakuzalasUriguroSTakam prastuta racanA kavi ke guru-gItoM meM prakhyAta hai| isameM yugapradhAna AcArya zrI jinakuzalasUri ke atizayoM arthAt alaukika zaktiyoM kA paricaya dete hue unake prati zraddhA prakaTa kI hai| gIta meM likhita 'zazadharasmarabANarasakSati pratimavikrama bhUpati saMvati' - paMkti se spaSTa hai ki isakI racanA vi0 saM0 1651 meM huI thii| gIta meM 9 pada haiN| 6.5.1.2 zrI jinasiMhasUri padotsava-kAvya prastuta kAvya meM kula 70 padya haiN| isameM kAlidAsa ke raghuvaMza ke tRtIya sarga ke sabhI padyoM ke caturtha pAda ko lekara kavi ne anya tIna pAdoM kI pUrti karate hue grantha kA nirmANa kiyA hai| padya 5

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244 mahopAdhyAya samayasundara : vyaktitva evaM kRtitva prastuta grantha kI racanA mahimarAja ke AcArya padotsava ke avasara para huI thii| mahimarAja samayasundara ke vidyA-guru the aura inakA paricaya hama prathama adhyAya meM de Ae haiN| samayasundara ke ullekhAnusAra samrATa akabara ke Agraha se AcArya jinacandrasUri ne mahimarAja ko vi0 saM0 1649, phAlguna kRSNA 10 ke dina AcArya-pada pradAna kiyA thA aura unakA nAma mahimarAja se jinasiMhasUri sthApita kiyA thaa| isa padotsava kA sArA vyaya-bhAra mantrI zrI karmacandra bacchAvata ne vahana kiyA thaa| prastuta grantha meM kavi kA kAvya-kauzala mukharita huA hai| isakA racanA-kAla anirdiSTa hai| isa grantha kI prati abhaya jaina granthAlaya, bIkAnera meM upalabdha hai| yaha grantha samprati aprakAzita hai| 6.5.1.3 zrI jinasAgarasUryaSTakam prastuta racanA ke prathama tIna padyoM meM kevala nagaroM ke nAmollekha haiN| tRtIya padya kA antima pAda anupalabdha hai| sambhavataH usa pAda meM pUrvokta nagaroM meM jinasAgarasUri dvArA kI gaI pada-yAtrAoM kA ullekha rahA ho| zeSa pAMca padyoM meM jinasAgarasUri ke utkRSTa guNoM kA varNana karate hue kavi ne yaha bhI likhA hai ki kharataragaccha meM zatAdhika AcAryoM ke hone para bhI jinasAgarasUri kA sthAna advitIya hai| racanA kA kAla anirdiSTa hai| 6.5.2 bhASA meM nibaddha guru-gIta 6.5.2.1 zrI gautamasvAmI aSTaka isa racanA meM bhagavAn mahAvIra ke pradhAna ziSya aura prathama gaNadhara gautama svAmI kI prArthanA karate hue unake pratibhAsampanna vyaktitva evaM kartRtva kA saMkSepa meM citraNa kiyA gayA hai| racanA kA racanA-kAla anullikhita hai| racanA 8 kar3iyoM meM nibaddha hai| 6.5.2.2 zrIgautamasvAmI gItam prastuta gIta meM racanA-kAla kA nirdeza kavi ne nahIM kiyA hai| gIta 7 gAthAoM meM hai| gIta kI viSaya-vastu adho-aMkita hai - tIrthaGkara mahAvIra ke apanA nirvANa-kAla jJAta kara apane ziSya gautama ko devazarmA brAhmaNa ko pratibodha dene ke lie nikaTavartI gA~va meM bhejaa| gA~va se lauTate samaya gautama ne jaba sunA ki bhagavAn kA nirvANa ho gayA, to ve zokamagna ho vilApa karane lage tathA prabhu ko upAlambha dene lge| anta meM ve Antarika preraNA se prerita hue| unhoMne rAga kI zRGkhalAoM ko tor3a DAlA aura vItarAgatA athavA kaivalya ko prApta kara liyaa| 6.5.2.3 kharatara-guru-paTTAvalI prastuta racanA kA kAla anirdiSTa hai| racanA 8 kar3iyoM meM hai| isameM kavi ne apanI guru-paramparA ke AcAryoM kA nAmollekha karate hue zrAvakoM ko unakI stuti karane

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245 samayasundara kI racanAe~ para bala diyA hai| 6.5.2.4 pATaNa-maNDaNa zrI jinakuzalasUri gItam kavi ne jinakuzalasUri ko isa gIta meM 'dAdA' upanAma se abhisaMjJita kiyA hai| isameM sukha, sampatti, dharma evaM siddhi pradAna karane ke lie 'dAdA' se vinatI kI gaI hai| sampUrNa gIta 6 gAthAoM meM hai| isakI racanA kaba huI, isakA kavi ne nirdeza nahIM diyA hai| 6.5.2.5 ahamadAbAda-maMDaNa zrI jinakuzalasUri gItam isameM jinakuzalasUri ko kalpataru kA mUla-bIja batAyA hai| inakI stuti karane vAlA kalpataru ke sadRza sarvasva prApta karatA hai - yahI prastuta gIta kA pratipAdya viSaya hai| gIta meM 7 gAthAe~ haiN| isakA racanA-kAla anullekhita hai| yaha gIta bhI 'samayasundara kRti kusumAMjali' meM prakAzita hai| 6.5.2.6 yugapradhAna jinacandrasUri gItam prastuta gIta ke racanA-kAla ke saMbaMdha meM kavi ne mAtra yahI ullekha kiyA hai ki yaha racanA 'lAhora' nagara meM hue mahotsava ke pazcAt racI gii| 'aSTalakSI' grantha se vi0 saM0 1649 meM kavi ke lAhaura jAne kA nirdeza milatA hai| yaha racanA bhI sambhavataH usI varSa racI gayI hogii| isa racanA meM 19 catuSpada haiN| kavi ne racanA ke anta meM 'kalaza' dekara racanA kA upasaMhAra bhI kiyA hai| isa gIta meM yugapradhAna bhaTTAraka jinacandrasUri dvArA kiye gaye mahattvapUrNa kAryoM kA evaM unakI prabhAvakatA kA samyak citraNa kiyA hai, jisakA vivecana hama kavi kI 'guruparamparA' ke antargata kara Ae haiN| 6.5.2.7 yugapradhAna zrI jinacandrasUryaSTakam yadyapi prastuta racanA mAtra 8 catuSpadoM meM nibaddha hai, lekina yaha racanA aitihAsika hai| isameM kavi jinacandrasUri kI vistRta pratibhA kA yathAtathya nirUpaNa karate hue samrATa akabara dvArA unako diye gaye AmantraNa, lAhaura nagara meM unakA pravezotsava evaM sammAna, akabara ko mantramugdha banAnA, amAri (ahiMsA) kA pharamAna prApta karanA, khambhAta kI machaliyoM ko jIvanadAna dilAnA, sulatAna salema tathA mantrI karmacanda Adi kI unake prati bhakti aura jinasiMhasUri ke paTTAbhiSeka ityAdi kA citraNa kiyA gayA hai| racanA kA racanA-kAla ajJAta hai| 6.5.2.8 chaH rAga, chattIsa rAgiNI-nAma garbhita zrIjinacandrasUri gItam isa gIta ke zIrSaka se hI pragaTa hotA hai ki isameM 6 rAga aura 36 rAgiNI kA nAmollekha kiyA gayA hai| ye nAmollekha jinacandrasUri ke guNa-kIrtana ke madhya meM kiye gaye haiN| gIta meM kavi ne doharI praNAlI apanAI hai| eka to rAga-rAginiyoM kA nAmollekha karanA aura dUsare meM guru kI pratibhA para prakAza ddaalnaa| kavi ko donoM meM saphalatA prApta huI hai|

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246 mahopAdhyAya samayasundara : vyaktitva evaM kRtitva vi0 saM0 1652, vijayA dazamI, guruvAra ko stambhatIrtha nagara meM yaha racanA pUrNa kI gaI hai| racanA meM 15 catuSpada haiN| 6.5.2.9 zrI jinacandrasUri-svapna -gItam isameM eka sakhI svapna meM hue jinacandrasUri ke darzana kA varNana dUsarI sakhI se karatI huI kahatI hai supana lahyaM sAhelar3I re, nisi bhari sUtI re Aja / sundara rUpa suhAmaNA re, dIThA zrI gaccharAja // saMkha sabada sakhi madaM suNyau re, UbhI joU~ re vATa / AMgaNi morI AviyA re, parivar2yA munivara thATa // dhavala maMgala gAyai gorar3I re, hIr3ai harakha na mAya / nAri karai guru nyuMchaNA re, par3ilAbhai munirAya // prastuta gIta 6 kar3iyoM meM hai| isakA racanA - kAla anullekhita hai / 6.5.2.10 zrI jinacandrasUri chanda prastuta racanA kA kAla anirdiSTa hai / yaha racanA 7 gAthAoM meM likhI gaI hai| isameM jinacandrasUri dvArA kRta viziSTa zAsana sevA kA yathArtha nirUpaNa hai| eka bAra samrAT akabara ne kisI muni ko durAcAra karate hue dekha liyA / ataH akabara ne apane rAjya meM muniyoM kA Agamana niSiddha kara diyaa| jinacandrasUri ne akabara ko pratibodha dekara usake rAjya meM muniyoM kA vihAra punaH prArambha karavA diyaa| isa prakAra unhoMne apane 'yugapradhAna ' viruda ko sArthaka kiyaa| 6.5.2.11 zrI jinacandrasUri AlijA gItam prastuta racanA 11 padoM meM hai / yadyapi isake racanA - kAla kI sUcanA kavi ne nahIM dI hai, kintu racanA meM prApta sandarbhoM ke AdhAra para avagata hotA hai ki yaha racanA jinacandrasUri ke svargavAsa ke pazcAt hI likhI gaI / isa gIta meM kavi ne jinacandrasUri ko darzana dene kI vinatI kI hai| unake maMgala darzana karane kI tIvra utkaNThA kavi ko to hai hI, sAtha hI sAtha zrIsaMgha ko bhI hai / kavi ne apanI darzanotkaNThA ko zAnta karane ke lie unheM svapna meM darzana pradAna karane kA nivedana kiyA hai 'supani meM Avi vaMdAvajo, hU~ jANisa paratakSa ' / 6.5.2.11 zrI jinacandrasUri AlijA gItam prastuta racanA apUrNa rUpa meM upalabdha huI hai, jisameM 10 pada prApta haiN| isameM kavi ne jinacandrasUri ke katipaya mahattvapUrNa kAryoM kA ullekha karate hue, unake viraha meM vikalatA aura darzana kI utsukatA vyakta kI hai / kavi ke zabda bar3e marmasparzI haiM. --

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samayasundara kI racanAe~ bAbA Adima bAhUbala, vIra gautama jyUM vilApa / mela na sarajyau mAharo, te tau rahyau pachatAya // mUyai kahai te mUr3ha tara, jIvai jiNacanda sUri / jaga jaMpai jasa jehanau, ho puhavi kIrata paDuri // gIta kA racanA kAla nirdiSTa nahIM hai / 6.5.2.13 zrI jinasiMhasUri sapAdaSTakA isameM jinasiMhasUri kI mahimA kA aMkana karate hue kavi ne jinasiMhasUri kI lAhaura-padArpaNa se lekara AcArya padArohaNa paryanta kI sampUrNa ghaTanAoM kA A~khoM-dekhA citraNa kiyA hai, kyoMki kavivara svayaM unake sAtha the| isa racanA se tatkAlIna rAjanItika, Arthika Adi paristhitiyoM kI bhI jAnakArI milatI hai / yaha racanA 8 catuSpada meM hai| isakA praNayana-kAla anullikhita hai / 6.5.2.14 zrI jinasiMhasUri caumAsA gItam isameM 4 SaTpada haiN| racanA kA kAla anaMkita hai| isameM jinasiMhasUri dvArA eka cAturmAsa meM kiye gaye zAsana prabhAvaka kAryoM kI sUcanA dI gaI hai| 6.5.2.15 zrI jinasiMhasUri stavanam isameM jinasiMhasUri ke mahAn vyaktitva kA nidarzana hai| stavana 6 kar3iyoM meM nibaddha hai| isakA racanA - kAla anupalabdha hai / 6.5.2.16 jinasiMhasUri gItAni 247 samayasundara jinasiMhasUri ke prati dRr3ha AsthAvAn the / yahI kAraNa hai ki ve isa gIta ke mAdhyama se unake darzana kara tathA pravacana sunakara svayaM ko dhanya-dhanya mAnate haiM / isameM kavi ne kabIra kI taraha hI guru ke mAhAtmya para prakAza DAlA hai guru dIvau guru candramA re, guru dekhAi vATa / guru upagArI guru bar3A re, guru utArai ghATa // gIta 6 gAthAoM meM hai / isakA racanA - samaya ajJAta hai / -- 6.5.2.17 zrI jinasiMhasUri gItAni isa gIta meM jinasiMhasUri kI pratibhA, mantrI karmacandra ke nimantraNa para lAhaura meM padArpaNa, unake dvArA bAdazAha akabara ko prabhAvita karanA, akabara ke Agraha se usake sAtha kAzmIra kI ora pada-vihAra, unake dvArA huI zAsana - prabhAvanA, evaM parISaha-sahana, akabara ke nivedana para jinacandrasUri ke svahasta se Apako AcArya-pada dilAnA, karmacandra dvArA kiye gaye pada - mahotsava aura sUri kA gArhasthika paricaya ityAdi kA yathAtathya nirUpaNa hai| gItakA racanA - kAla asUcita hai / gIta meM 5 SaTpada haiN|

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248 6.5.2.18 zrI jinasiMhasUri hIMDolaNA gItam prastuta gItakA racanA - samaya anullikhita hai| isameM 9 kar3iyA~ haiM / isa gIta meM eka yuvatI apanI sahelI ko jinasiMhasUri kA jIvana-paricaya detI huI unake mahAn guNoM kI prazaMsA karatI hai| jinasiMhasUri kA jIvana paricaya hama kavi kI 'guru- paramparA' meM varNita kara Ae haiN| I mahopAdhyAya samayasundara : vyaktitva evaM kRtitva 6.5.2.19 vadhAvA gItam isameM jinasiMhasUri ke sadguNoM kA abhinandana karate hue unheM badhAI dI gaI hai| gIta meM 6 gAthAe~ haiN| racanA - kAla jJAta nahIM ho paayaa| 6.5.2.20 gahU~lI gItam isa gIta meM vividha guNoM se yukta guru ke bahumukhI svarUpa kA vizleSaNa hai / sAtha hI sAtha kavi ne guru ke prati apanI agAdha zraddhA abhivyakta kI hai| prastuta gIta 9 gAthAoM meM nibaddha hai| isakA racanA - kAla ajJAta hai| nimnalikhita laghu gurugIta bhI prApta haiN| 6.5.2.21 zrI gautama svAmI gItam 6.5.2.22 ekAdaza gaNadhara gItam 6.5.2.23 gurvAvalI gItam 6.5.2.24 dAdA zrI jinadattasUri gItam 6.5.2.25 dAdA zrI jinakuzalasUri gItam 6.5.2.26 derAvara-maNDana zrIjinakuzalasUri gItam 6.5.2.27 dAdA zrI jinakuzalasUri gIta 6.5.2.28 amarasara-maNDaNa zrI jinakuzalasUri gItam 6.5.2.29 ugrasena-maNDaNa zrI jinakuzalasUri gItam 6.5.2.30 nAgaura-maNDana zrI jinakuzalasUri gItam 6.5.2.31 zrI jinakuzalasUri gItam 6.5.2.32 dAdA zrI jinakuzalasUri gItam 6.5.2.33 bhaTTAraka-traya gItam 6.5.2.34 zrI jinacandrasUri candrAulA gItam 6.5.2.35 zrI jinacandrasUri chaMda 6.5.2.36 zrI jinacandrasUri gItam 6.5.2.37 zrI jinacandrasUri gItam 6.5.2.38 zrI jinacandrasUri stavanam 6.5.2.39 zrI jinasiMhasUri gItAni padya 3 padya 4 padya 3 padya 3 bhadya 3 padya 4 padya 3 padya 4 padya 4 padya 4 padya 3 padya padya 3 padya 4 padya 4 padya 3 padya 3 padya 3 padya 5

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samayasundara kI racanAe~ 6.5.2.40 zrI jinasiMhasUri hIMDolaNA gItam 6.5.2.41 zrI jinasiMhasUri hIMDolaNA gItam 6.5.2.42 vadhAvA gItam 6.5.2.43 caumAsA gItam 6.5.2.44 zrI jinasiMhasUri gItAni 6.5.2.45 zrI jinasiMhasUri gItAni 6.5.2.46 zrI jinasiMhasUri gItam 6.5.2.47 zrI jinasiMhasUri gItam 6.5.2.48 zrI jinasiMhasUri gItam 6.5.2.49 zrI jinasiMhasUri gIta 6.5.2.50 zrI jinasiMhasUri gItam 6.5.2.51 zrI jinasiMhasUri gItam 6.5.2.52 zrI jinasiMhasUri gItam 6.5.2.53 zrI jinasiMhasUri carcarI gItam 6.5.2.54 zrI jinasiMhasUri gItam 6.5.2.55 zrI jinasiMhasUri gItam 6.5.2.56 zrI jinasiMhasUri gItam 6.5.2.57 zrI jinasiMhasUri gItam 6.5.2.58 zrI jinasiMhasUri gItam 6.5.2.59 zrI jinasiMhasUri gItam 6.5.2.60 zrI jinasiMhasUri gItam 6.5.2.61 zrI jinasiMhasUri tithivicAra gItam 6.5.2.62 zrIjinasiMhasUri gItAni, gIta apUrNa 6.5.2.63 zrI jinasAgarasUri gItAni 6.5.2.64 zrI jinasAgarasUri gItam 6.5.2.65 zrI jinasAgarasUri gItam 6.5.2.66 zrI jinasAgarasUri gItam 6.5.2.67 zrI jinasAgarasUri gItam 6.5.2.68 zrI jinasAgarasUri gItam 6.5.2.69 zrI jinasAgarasUri gItam 6.5.2.70 zrI jinasAgarasUri gItam 6.5.2.71 zrI jinasAgarasUri gItam 249 padya 5 padya 3 padya 3 padya 5 padya 4 padya 3 padya 5 padya 3 padya 2 padya 5 padya 5 padya 5 padya 4 padya 2 padya 3 padya 3 padya 3 padya 3 padya 3 padya 3 padya 3 padya 5 padya prApta padya 4 /, 2 padya 3 padma 3 padya 5 padya 3 padya 5 padya 3 padya 3 padya 2 padya 3

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mahopAdhyAya samayasundara : vyaktitva evaM kRtitva padya 3 padya 3 padya 3 padya 5 padya 4 padya 5 padya 5 padya 5 padya 1 padya 4 padya 5 padya 5 6.5.2.83 guru duHkhitavacana 6.5.2.84 maNidhArI jinacandrasUri gItAni, gIta ke tIna padya prApta, samasta padya apUrNa 6.5.2.85 zrI jinakuzalasUri gItam, prApta padya 3, samasta padya truTita 250 6.5.2.72 zrI jinasAgarasUri gItam 6.5.2.73 zrI jinasAgarasUri gItam 6.5.2.74 zrI jinasAgarasUri gItam 6.5.2.75 zrI jinasAgarasUri gItam 6.5.2.76 zrI jinasAgarasUri gItam 6.5.2.77 zrI jinasAgarasUri gItam 6.5.2.78 zrI jinasAgarasUri gItam 6.5.2.79 zrI jinasAgarasUri gItam 6.5.2.80 zrI jinasAgarasUri savaiyA 6.5.2.81 zrI jinasAgarasUri gItAni 6.5.2.82 zrI jinasAgarasUri gItAni 6.5.2.86 zrI jinakuzalasUri gIta, padya saMkhyA aspaSTa, samasta padya truTita 6.5.2.87 mulatAna maNDaNa jinadattasUri, jinakuzalasUri gIta, padya 5, sabhI padya apUrNa 6.5.2.88 ajayameru maNDana jinadattasUri gItam, padya 4, sabhI padya truTita, racanA - kAla vi0 saM0 1688 mArgazIrSa 5 6.6 upadezaparaka racanAe~ kavivarya samayasundara kA sAhitya mukhyata: nivRtti-pradhAna hai| ve pahale muni the, bAda meM kavi | sAhitya - sAdhanA unake lie sAdhya na hokara Atma-kalyANa evaM jana-jana sanmArga ke pradarzana kA sAdhana thA / unhoMne grAmAnugrAma vicaraNa kara dharmopadeza diyA aura isI hetu upadezaparaka racanAoM kA praNayana bhI kiyaa| yahA~ hama unakI kucha racanAoM kA paricaya deMge, jo pUrNarUpeNa upadezaparaka haiN| inameM se bhI unakI katipaya racanAe~ tAttvika haiM, to katipaya racanAe~ naitika yA upadezaparaka haiM / yahA~ donoM prakAra kI racanAoM kA adhyayana prastuta hai - 6. 6.1 jIva pratibodha gItam prastuta gIta meM pApa se nivRtta aura puNya meM pravRtta hone kI preraNA dete hue saMsAra kI asAratA kA citraNa kiyA gayA hai| gIta 7 padyoM meM hai| isakA racanA-kAla anupalabdha hai / 6.6.2 jIvana pratibodha gItam isa gIta meM 10 kar3iyA~ haiM / isakA racanA - kAla asUcita hai| isameM kavi ne

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samayasundara kI racanAe~ 251 likhA hai ki svajana Adi svArthI haiM; dhana, yauvana Adi caMcala haiM / mRtyu nizcita hai, pApa duHkhadAyaka hai; ataeva dharmaprakRtiyoM meM pravRtta rahanA cAhie, kyoMki yahI ekamAtra sukhadAyaka hai / 6. 6.3 jIva - kAyA gItam prastuta gIta kA racanA - kAla ajJAta hai| isameM 6 gAthAe~ haiM / isa gIta meM jIva aura kAyA kA paraspara sundara vArttAlApa kiyA gayA hai| kAyA kA kathana hai ki he jIva ! merA tyAga mata kr| maiM to terI priyA huuN| maiMne tere lie sudIrghakAla taka aparimita kaSTa sahe haiN| jIva kAyA ko pratibodha detA hai ki he kAyA ! tU kSaNabhaMgura hai, maiM nitya huuN| terA tyAga hI mujhe mokSa dilAyegA / 6.6.4 jIva- pratibodha gItam prastuta racanA meM jIvana ko jinadharma kA AcaraNa karane kA udbodhana diyA gayA hai / saMsAra anitya hai, ataH dharmAcaraNa karanA cAhiye, jisase jIva zAzvata siddha ho sake - yahI Alocya racanA kA varNya viSaya hai| isameM 11 gAthAe~ haiM / isakA bhI racanA - sthala evaM racanA - samaya ajJAta hai 1 6.6.5 bAraha bhAvanA gItam jaina dharma meM 12 prakAra kI bhAvanAoM kI avadhAraNA hai| bhAvanA kA artha hai cintana yA vimarza | yaha manovRttiyoM kA prekSaNa bhI hai| jIvana kI banatI-bigar3atI ghaTanAoM taraMgita samudra meM Atma- naukA asantulana kI zikAra na ho jAye, isake lie nimna likhita 12 bhAvanAe~ batAyI gayI haiN| - 1. anitya, 2. azaraNa, 3. saMsAra, 4. ekatva, 5. anyatva, 6. azuci, 7. Asrava, 8. saMvara, 9. nirjarA, 10. lokasvarUpa, 11. bodhidurlabha aura 12 . dharmasvAkhyAta bhAvanA / prastuta gIta meM inake cintana karane kI prakriyA kA varNana kiyA gayA hai| gIta 15 padyoM meM nibaddha hai| gIta ke racanA - samaya kI sUcanA gItakAra ne nahIM dI hai / 6.6.6 adhyAtma sajjhAya prastuta gIta meM dhyAna aura prANAyAma kI carcA kI gaI hai| prANAyAma ke dvArA zvA~sa ko jItane kI vidhi batalAte hue usake tIna bheda kiye haiM 1. kumbhaka, 2. recaka aura 3. pUraka / nAbhi meM zvA~sa kA rokanA kumbhaka kahA gayA hai| nAbhikamala se zvAyavAyu kA nissaraNa karanA recaka batalAyA gayA hai evaM zvA~sa ko bAhara rokanA pUraka saMjJA se abhihita kiyA gayA hai| zvA~savijaya se hI manovijaya kI bAta kahI gaI hai / dRSTi ko nAsAgra-bindu para kendrita karake uDDayana bandha lagAkara baura dRr3ha Asana meM baiThakara antaryAtrA

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252 kI bAta kahI gaI hai| isI se AtmA rUpI haMsa kA darzana hotA hai / gIta 8 padyoM meM hai / isakA racanA kAla anirdiSTa hai / mahopAdhyAya samayasundara : vyaktitva evaM kRtitva 6.6.7 zrAvaka bArahavratakulakam jinopadiSTa mokSamArga para calane kI jinameM abhIpsA hai, ve zrAvaka / zrAvikA kahalAte haiM / zrAvaka / zrAvikA ke caritra kI zreSThatA ke lie tIrthaGkaroM ne bAraha vrata prarUpita kiye haiN| unakA Akalana isa prakAra kiyA jAtA hai| sthUla prANAtipAta viramaNa, sthUla mRSAvAda viramaNa, sthUla pAMca aNuvrata adattAdAna viramaNa, sthUla maithuna viramaNa evaM sthUla parigraha viramaNa / tInaguNavrata - dikparimANa, bhogopabhoga viramaNa aura anartha daNDa viramaNa / cAra zikSA vrata sAmAyika, dezAvakAsika, pauSadhopavAsa tathA atithi -- saMvibhAga / - kavi ne prastuta gIta meM pratyeka vrata kA vivecana kiyA hai / isa gIta kI racanA vi0 saM0 1689 meM bIkAnera meM huI thI / gIta meM 15 padya haiM / 6.6.8 zrAvaka dinakRtya kulakam prastuta racanA meM 15 gAthAe~ haiM / unameM zrAvaka kI dinacaryA aura usake pAlanIya anya karttavyoM kA varNana kiyA gayA hai| racanA kA racanAkAla ajJAta hai / 6.6.9 zuddha zrAvaka duSkara milana gItam prastuta gIta kA racanA - kAla anullikhita hai / yaha gIta 21 padyoM meM gumphita hai / isameM zuddha zrAvaka kI durlabhatA, zrAvaka ke ikkIsa guNa, zrAvaka kI dinacaryA tathA usake liye Avazyaka karaNIya kAryoM kA vivecana kiyA gayA hai| 6. 6.10 kriyA - preraNA gItam isa gIta meM kavi ne apane ziSyoM ko sAdhanAtmaka kriyAe~ karane kI preraNA dI hai, kyoMki AcaraNa - zUnya jJAna paMgu hai kriyA karau celA kriyA karau, kriyA karau jima tumha nistarau / kriyAvaMta dIsai phUTarau, kriyA upAya karama chUTarau / pAMgalau jJAna kisyau kAmarau, jJAna sahita kriyA Adarau // kavi samayasundara jJAnavAdI hone ke sAtha-sAtha kriyAvAdI bhI the gIta se sahaja prakaTa hotA hai / gIta meM 8 padya haiN| isakA racanA-kAla ajJAta hai| - 6.6.11 antaraMga - zrRMgAra gItam prastuta gIta meM eka taruNI ne apane AdhyAtmika zRMgAra kA apanI sakhI ke sammukha citraNa kiyA hai / kavi kI yaha racanA adhyAtmarasa- yukta evaM sajIva hai / - yaha prastuta

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samayasundara kI racanAe~ 6. 6.12 devagati - prApti gItam prastuta gIta 6 gAthAoM meM hai / isake racanA - kAla kA ullekha kavi ne nahIM kiyA hai / gIta meM jina kAraNoM se devagati kI prApti hotI hai, unakA ullekha kiyA gayA hai| 6.6.13 narakagati - prApti gItam isa racanA meM jina-jina duSkarmoM ke kAraNa naraka -gati prApta hotI hai, unakA ullekha karate hue kavi ne dharma karane ke lie nivedana kiyA hai, kyoMki isI se manuSya sadgati ko prApta hogA / 253 racanA meM 10 padya haiN| racanA - kAla evaM racanA - sthAna asUcita hai / 6.6.14 vrata-paccakkhANa gItam - prastuta gIta meM kavi ne vrata, pratyAkhyAna grahaNa karane para bala diyA hai / kavi ne apanI samasAmayika dhArmika paristhiti ko vyakta karate hue jainiyoM para vyaMgya kasA hai ki vRddhajana prahara do prahara pazcAt bhojana grahaNa karate haiM, tathApi 'navakArasI' kA pratyAkhyAna nahIM lete| loga rAtri meM eka bAra bhI jala sevana nahIM karate, parantu phira bhI ' cauvihAra' kA pratyAkhyAna nahIM karate / mAha meM 10 tithiyoM meM sacitta harI vastue~ nahIM khAte, lekina pratyAkhyAna ke abhAva meM ve unase hone vAle pApoM kA bhAra Dhote haiN| loga sabhI kAryoM se nivRtta rahate haiM, parantu paramezvara kA nAma-smaraNa nahIM krte| tathya yaha hai ki vinaya, viveka, dharma kA abhAva hote hue bhI ve zrAvaka kahalAte haiM athavA cAritrazUnya hokara bhI sAdhu, 'sAdhu' kahalAte haiN| yaha gIta 11 padyoM meM nibaddha hai| isakA racanA - kAla anirdiSTa hai / 6. 6.15 hita - zikSA gItam 'hita - zikSA gItam ' 10 padyoM meM nibaddha hai / isameM jIvana nirmANa kI preraNA aura durguNoM se dUra rahane kI zikSA dI gaI hai| gIta kA sAtavA~ padya arddhatruTita hai / gIta kA racanA-kAla ajJAta hai| 6.6.16 navavAr3a zIla gItam prastuta gIta kI racanA vi0 saM0 1670 ke Azvina mAsa meM ahamadAbAda meM huI thI / gIta 13 padyoM meM Abaddha hai| prastuta racanA meM zIla kI una nava vAr3oM kA vivecana kiyA gayA hai, jinake AdhAra para sAdhaka kA zIla ThaharatA hai arthAt brahmacarya surakSita rahatA hai| ye navavAr3a isa prakAra haiM 1. strI jisa sthAna para rahatI hai, brahmacArI vahA~ na ThahareM, (2) zrRMgArarasotpAdaka strI kathA na kareM, (3) striyoM ke sAtha eka Asana para na baiTheM, (4) striyoM ke aMgopAMga viSaya - buddhi se na dekheM, (5) Asa - pAsa se Ate hue striyoM ke kuMjana, gAyana, hAsya, krandita zabda, rudana aura viraha se utpanna vilApa ko na suneM, (6) gRhasthAvasthA

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254 mahopAdhyAya samayasundara : vyaktitva evaM kRtitva meM bhoge hue bhogoM - rati krIr3AoM kA smaraNa na kareM, (7) gariSTha bhojana na kareM, (8) maryAdA se adhika bhojana na kareM, (9) zarIra kA zrRMgAra na kreN| 6.6.17 AhAra 47 dUSaNa sajjhAya prastuta racanA meM muni ke AhAra-saMbaMdhI 47 doSoM kA vivecana kiyA gayA hai| kavi ne AgamoM meM varNita ina doSoM kA isa prakAra vivaraNa diyA - (ka) udgama ke 16 doSa (kha) apAdAna (utpAdana) ke 16 doSa (ga) eSaNA (grahaNaiSaNA) ke 10 doSa aura (gha) mAMDalA (grAsaiSaNA) ke 5 doss| (ka) udgama ke 16 doSa saMkSepa meM ye haiM - (1) AdhA karma, (2) auddezika, (3) pUrtikarma, (4) mizrajAta, (5) sthApanA, (6) prAbhRtikA, (7) prAdugaSkaraNa, (8) krIta, (9) prAmitya, (10) parivarttita, (11) abhihita, (12) udbhinna, (13) mAlApahRta, (14) Acchedya, (15) anisRSTa va (16) adhyvpuur| (kha) utpAdana ke 16 doSa saMkSepa meM isa prakAra haiM - (1) dhAtrI, (2) dUtI, (3) nimitta, (4) AjIva, (5) vanIpaka, (6) cikitsA, (7) krodha, (8) mAna, (9) mAyA, (10) lobha, (11) pUrva-pazcAtsaMstava, (12) vidyA, (13) mantra, (14) cUrNa, (15) yoga evaM (16) muulkrm| (ga) grahaNaiSaNA ke nimnalikhita 10 doSa haiM - (1) zaMkita, (2) mrakSita, (3) nikSipta, (4) pihita, (5) saMhRta, (6) dAyaka, (7) unmizra, (8) apariNata, (9) lipta aura (10) chardita / (gha) grAsaiSaNAke 5 doSa nimrAnusAra haiM - (1) saMyojana, (2) apramANa, (3) aMgAra, (4) dhUma tathA (5) akaarnn| kavi ne racanA ke anta meM yaha bhI sUcita kiyA hai ki uparyukta doSoM kA ullekha bhadrabAhu svAmI kRta 'piNDa-niyukti' meM upalabdha hotA hai| isakA racanA-kAla vi0 saM0 1691, dIpAvalI hai aura racanA-sthAna khambhAta / kavi ne apane ziSya meghavijaya ke Agrahavaza isa racanA kA nirmANa kiyaa| racanA 52 padyoM meM nibaddha hai| 6.6.18 dharma-mahimA gItam isa gIta meM dAna-zIla-tapa-bhAva-rUpa caturvidha dharma kI mahimA kA varNana kiyA gayA hai aura yaha batAyA gayA hai ki dAna ke dvArA zreyAMsa kumAra ne, zIla ke dvArA subhadrA ne, tapa ke dvArA dhannA anagAra ne aura bhAvanA ke dvArA bharata cakravartI ne akSuNNa yaza ko prApta kiyA hai| gIta meM 6 padya haiN| gIta kA racanA-kAla ajJAta hai|

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255 samayasundara kI racanAe~ 6.6.19 Atma-pramoda gItam prastuta racanA meM manuSya-bhava kI prApti kI durlabhatA aura saMsAra kI nazvaratA kA varNana hai| racanA 7 gAthAoM meM nibaddha hai| racanA-kAla ajJAta hai| 6.6.20 mana-sajjhAya yaha gIta 7 padyoM meM nibaddha hai| isakA racanA-kAla anullikhita hai| isa gIta meM kavi ne mana ko samajhane tathA samajhAne kA prayAsa kiyA hai| isake lie unhoMne aneka upamAoM kA prayoga kiyA hai, jaise ki mana tane kaI rIte smjhaavN| sonuM hove to sogI re melAvu, tAvaNI tApa tpaaveN| laI phUMkaNI ne phUMkavA besu, pANI jema piglaavuu|| gIta ke anta meM mana kI caMcalatA kA varNana karate hue kavi ne jJAna-dhyAna se ise pahacAnane aura saMyama dvArA usa para vijaya prApta karane kA nirdeza kiyA hai| 6.6.21 mana-dhobI gItam prastuta gIta meM kavi ne dhobI ko mana rUpI dhotI (vastra) ko dhone kA nirdeza diyA hai - dhobIr3A tUM dhoje re mana kerA dhotiyA, mata rAkhe maila lgaar| iNa maile jaga mailo karyaure, viNa dhoyA tUM mata rAkhe lagAra / / mana rUpI dhotI ko tapAdi ke nIra se aura AlocanA kI sAbuna se svaccha karane kA ullekha kiyA hai| gIta 6 padyoM meM nibaddha hai| isakA racanA-kAla ajJAta hai| 6.6.22 mAyA-nivAraNa sajjhAya prastuta racanA meM 7 gAthAe~ haiN| isakA racanA-samaya anupalabdha hai| isameM mAyA ke kAraNa hone vAlI kaThinAiyoM kA ullekha kiyA gayA hai| kavi ne likhA hai - mAyA kAraNa desa desAntara, aTavI vana mAM jAvai re| pravahaNa baisI dhIra dvipAntara, sAyara mAMjhapAvai re|| kavi ne likhA hai ki zivabhUti jaise satyavAdI bhI mAyA ke kAraNa durgati ko prApta hue| ata: mAyA se sadaiva nivRtta rahanA cAhie aura usa para vijaya prApta karanI caahie| 6.6.23 svArtha-gItam vyaktiyoM kA pratyeka kArya saMsAra meM Asakta svArtha se prerita hotA hai - yahI isa gIta kA pratipAdya viSaya hai| gIta meM padya 6 haiN| isakA racanA-kAla aprApya hai|

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256 mahopAdhyAya samayasundara : vyaktitva evaM kRtitva 6.6.24 para-prazaMsA gItam prastuta gIta meM Adarza puruSoM aura unake viziSTa guNoM kA smaraNa karate hue kavi ne unakI stuti kI hai evaM unake prati zraddhAMjali arpita kI hai| gIta meM 7 padya haiN| gIta kA racanA-kAla anupalabdha hai| 6.6.25 siddhAnta-zraddhA sajjhAya kavi kA mata hai ki jina kI anupasthiti meM jinavacana hI jinavat haiN| jinavacana AgamoM meM nibaddha haiN| kavi kI dRSTi meM Agama pramANa haiM aura 'paMcama Are' ke anta taka kisI na kisI rUpa meM inakA astitva banA rhegaa| gIta meM 6 padya haiM / gIta kA racanA-kAla ajJAta hai| 6.6.26 zrAvaka manoratha gItam isa gIta meM zrI pArzvanAtha prabhu dvArA prarUpita jina-zAsana kA evaM zrAvaka ke dhArmika manorathoM kA nidarzana hai| gIta 6 padyoM meM hai| isakA racanA-kAla aprApya hai| 6.6:27 anta samaye jIva-nirjarA gItam prastuta racanA 10 padyoM meM nibaddha hai| isameM kavi ne jIva ko Atma-nirjarA karane kA udbodhana diyA hai| kavi ne likhA hai ki maraNAnta-kAla meM sAMsArika moha, mAyA. lobhAdi kA tyAga kara saMlekhanA-sahita apanI nirjarA kara lenI cAhiye, kyoMki dhana, kuTumba koI bhI sAtha nahIM calegA aura manuSya-bhava punaH prApta honA durlabha hai| gIta ke racanA-kAla kA kavi ne nirdeza nahIM diyA hai| uparyukta sabhI upadezaparaka racanAe~ bhASA meM racita haiN| inake atirikta nimnalikhita laghu racanAe~ bhI prApta hotI haiM - 6.6.28 jIva-pratibodha gItam 6.6.29 jIva-pratibodha gItam padya3 6.6.30 jIva-pratibodha gItam padya 3 6.6.31 jIva-naTAvA gItam padya 4 6.6.32 vairAgya-zikSA gItam 6.6.33 ghar3I lAkhiNI. gItam 6.6.34 sUtA jagAvaNa gItam padya 4 6.6.35 pramAda-tyAga gItam / padya 5 6.6.36 pramAda-parityAga gItam padya 5 6.6.37 mAyA-nivAraNa gItam padya 4 6.6.38 lobha-nivAraNa gItam padya 3 6.6.39 pArakI hor3a nivAraNa gItam padya3 padya 2 padya 5

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257 padya 3 padya 2 padya 3 padya 4 padya 3 padya 5 padya 3 padya 3 padya3 padya 3 padya 3 padya 2 padya 4 padya 2 samayasundara kI racanAe~ 6.6.40 Arati-nivAraNa gItam 6.6.41 maraNa-bhaya-nivAraNa gItam 6.6.42 manazuddhi-gItam 6.6.43 kAminI-vizvAsa-nirAkaraNa gItam 6.6.44 antaraMga-bAhya nidrAnivAraNa gItam 6.6.45 nidrA-gItam 6.6.46 paThana-preraNA gItam 6.6.47 jIva-vyApArI gItam 6.6.48 ghar3iyAlI gItam 6.6.49 udyama-bhAgya gItam 6.6.50 sarvabheSamuktigamana gItam 6.6.51 karmagItam 6.6.52 nAvI gItam 6.6.53 kAyA-jIva gItam 6.6.54 jIva-karma-saMbaMdha gItam 6.6.55 sandeha-gItam 6.6.56 jaga-sRSTikAra paramezvara-pRcchA gItam 6.6.57 kartAra-gItam 6.6.58 duSamAkAle saMyama-pAlana gItam 6.6.59 niraMjana-dhyAna gItam 6.6.60 parabrahma gItam 6.6.61 jIva-dayA gItam 6.6.62 karma-nirjarA gItam (cauthA padya apUrNa) 6.6.63 vairAgya sajjhAya 6.6.64 krodha-nivAraNa gItam 6.6.65 huMkAra-parihAra gItam 6.6.66 mAna-nivAraNa gItam 6.6.67 mAna-nivAraNa gIta 6.6.68 yati-lobha-nivAraNa gItam 6.6.69 viSaya-nivAraNa gItam 6.6.70 nindA-parihAra gItam 6.6.71 niMdA-vAraka gItam padya 3 padya 3 padya 5 padya 2 Mmm mms mmmmmmmmmm 3rrm m 33 mr mm Mmm 3 padya 2 padya 3 padya 3 padya 5 padya 3 padya 2 padya 3 padya 3 padya 2 padya 3 padya 3 padya 5

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>> s s padya 3 s x m s s 258 mahopAdhyAya samayasundara : vyaktitva evaM kRtitva 6.6.72 dAna-gItam padya 4 6.6.73 zIla-gItam padya3 6.6.74 tapa-gItam padya 3 6.6.75 bhAvanA-gItam padya 3 6.6.76 dAna-zIla-tapa-bhAvanA gUDhA gItam 6.6.77 tUrya vIsAmA gItam (tIsarA padya apUrNa) padya3 6.6.78 prIti dohA padya 4 6.6.79 phuTakara savaiyA padya 3 6.6.80 sAmAyika gItam padya 5 6.6.81 guru-vandana gItam padya 2 6.6.82 antaraMga-vicAra gItam padya 4 6.6.83 sAdhu-guNa gItam padya 3 6.6.84 vItarAga satyavacana gItam padya3 6.6.85 RSi-mahattva gItam padya 2 6.6.86 zrIsaMgha-guNa gItam padya3 6.6.87 cAra maMgala gItam padya 5 6.6.88 cAra maMgala gItam padya 5 6.6.89 cAra zaraNA gItam padya3 6.6.90 aThAraha pApasthAnaka-parihAra gItam padya 3 6.6.91 caurAsIlakSa jIvayonikSAmaNA gItam padya 3 6.6.92 hIyAlI gItam padya 4 6.6.93 hIyAlI gItam padya 5 6.6.94 hIyAlI gItam padya 4 6.6.95 rAtI jAgI gItam padya 4 6.7 viraha gIta kavivarya samayasundara viracita viraha gIta kucha to nemi aura rAjImatI se saMbaMdhita haiM aura kucheka sthUlibhadra evaM kozA se| ata: hama viraha-gItoM kA paricaya nimnalikhita zIrSakoM meM rakhakara prastuta kareMge - 6.7.1 rAjula ke viraha gIta 6.7.2 kozA ke viraha gIta 6.7.1 rAjula ke viraha gIta nemi aura rAjImatI se saMbaMdhita ghaTanA isa prakAra hai - m m lh sh >> >> >>

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samayasundara kI racanAe~ 259 rAjA samudravijaya ke suputra neminAtha kI bArAta jaba rAjA ugrasena ke yahA~ usakI kanyA rAjImatI se vivAha karane ke lie pahuMcI, to nemi ko vivAha-bhoja ke lie ekatra kiye gaye pazuoM kA karuNa-krandana sunAI pdd'aa| ve karuNAbhibhUta ho utthe| unhoMne vivAha bandhana meM Abaddha hone kI apekSA isa duHkhabahula saMsAra ko parityAga karane kA saMkalpa kiyaa| ve vaivAhika veza-bhUSA kA tyAga kara giranAra-giri para muni bana tapasyA karane cale gye| rAjImatI, jisake sAtha nemi kA vivAha hone vAlA thA, ukta samAcAra se mUrchita ho gii| haldI car3hI, mehaMdI racI, vivAhArtha prastuta dulahina ke rUpa evaM vivAha kI asaphalatA ne rAjImatI ke hRdaya meM hAhAkAra ke tUphAna paidA kara diye| cU~ghaTa-paTa uThane se pUrva yaha nirmama paTApekSa usake lie asahya thaa| usane dUsarA vivAha nahIM kiyA aura vaha nemi ke viyoga meM jalatI rhii| anta meM usake hRdaya meM bhI vairAgya kA dIpa prajvalita ho gayA aura usane viraha-zoka tyAgakara nemi ke pAsa dIkSA le lii| nemi aura rAjImatI ke viraha se saMbaMdhita gItoM meM samayasundara ne rAjImatI kI viraha-vyathA kA itanA udAtta rUpa meM varNana kiyA hai ki pAThaka kA hRdaya uttejita ho jAtA hai| kavi ne nemi aura rAjImatI ke viraha se sambaddha aneka gItoM kI racanA kI thI, jinakA saMkSipta paricaya isa prakAra hai - 6.7.1.1 bhASA meM nibaddha gIta 6.7.1.1.1 zrI nemijina stavanam prastuta stavana meM 6 padya haiN| prathama pA~ca padyoM meM neminAtha ke viraha meM rAjula saMsAra se virakta hokara tIrthaGkara neminAtha ke pAsa dIkSita ho gaI, yaha ullekha hai| stavana kA racanA-samaya anullikhita hai| 6.7.1.1.2 neminAtha phAga - isameM tIrthaGkara neminAtha ke jIvana meM ghaTita vizeSa ghaTanAoM kA varNana karate hue unheM rAjA kRSNa kI rAniyoM dvArA khelAye gaye vasanta-phAga kA rucira citraNa hai| ___ yaha gIta 8 padyoM meM nibaddha hai| isakA racanA-kAla ajJAta hai| 6.7.1.1.3 neminAtha sohalA gItama prastuta racanA kA racanA-kAla ajJAta hai| racanA 8 padyoM meM Abaddha hai| isakI viSaya-vastu isa prakAra hai - __bhagavAn neminAtha vivAha karanA nahIM cAhate the, parantu zrIkRSNa ne apanI patniyoM ke Agraha se rAjA ugrasena kI kanyA rAjula se unakA vivAha nizcita kara diyaa| unakI bArAta ugrasena ke dvAra para phuNcii| vahA~ nemi ne bandI pazuoM kI bhayA cItkAra sunii| ve karuNAbhibhUta ho gye| 'yadi mere vivAha ke nimitta niraparAdhI mUka pazuoM kA vadha hotA hai, to mere lie yahI zreyaskara hai ki maiM aisA hiMsAjanya vivAha na karU~, - nemi ke ina

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260 mahopAdhyAya samayasundara : vyaktitva evaM kRtitva vicAroM ne usakA mArga badala diyaa| unhoMne pravrajyA aMgIkAra kI aura giranAra parvata para tapasyA karake kaivalya prApta kiyaa| udhara rAjula pati viyoga meM jhulasatI rhii| anta meM vaha nemi ke pAsa dIkSita ho gii| donoM ne siddhatva prApta kiyaa| 6.7.1.1.4 neminAtha-phAga isameM neminAtha krIr3ita phAga kA manohara citraNa haiN| kRSNa kI patniyA~ khelakhela meM unheM vivAha karane ke lie vivaza karatI haiN| taMga Akara unhoMne vivAha kI svIkRti de dii| gIta kI kucheka paMktiyA~ to bar3I hI rasaprada haiM - Ahe lAla gulAla cihu~ disai, ur3ata avala abiir| Ahe kesara bhari-bhari picakArA, chAMTata sAmi sarIra // prArambhika 6 gAthAoM meM phAga kA varNana hai aura antima 7 gAthAoM meM neminAtha kI jIvanI kI pramukha bAtoM kaa| inakA varNana hama neminAtha sohalAgItam meM kara Ae haiN| gIta kA praNayana-kAla ajJAta hai| 6.7.1.1.5 neminAtha bArahamAsA prastuta gIta meM caita, vaizAkha, jeTha Adi bAraha mahInoM kI prAkRtika vizeSatAoM kA varNana virahinI rAjula ke mu~ha se karAyA gayA hai| bArahamAsA para kavi kI yahI ekamAtra racanA hai| draSTavya hai Azvina mAsa kA citraNa - Asu amI jharai caMda, saMyoginI sukhkNd| niramala thayA sara nIra, nemi binA hu~ dilagIra // yaha gIta 14 padyoM meM nibaddha hai| isakA racanA-kAla anirdiSTa hai| 6.7.1.1.6 zrI neminAtha gIta prastuta gIta 6 gAthAoM meM gumphita hai| neminAtha zyAmavarNI the, tathApi aneka guNoM ke bhaNDAra the| rAjula unheM hRdaya se prema karatI thI aura una para mugdha thii| neminAtha ko vahI samajha sakatA hai, jo rAjula-sA hRdaya rakhatA hai| A~kha meM aMjana, vRndAvana meM zrI kRSNa, kRSakoM meM megha Adi ye sabhI kAle hote hue bhI priya aura Anandaprada hote haiM, usI prakAra rAjula ko neminAtha zyAma raMgI hote hue bhI priya haiN| gIta kA racanA-kAla anupalabdha hai| 6.7.1.1.7 neminAtha rAjImati savaiyA prastuta gIta truTita aura apUrNa rUpa meM upalabdha huA hai| gIta ke prathama 8 padya aprApta haiN| navameM padya meM prathama, dvitIya aura arddha tRtIya pAda truTita haiN| zeSa taiMtIsa padya pUrNa haiN| cauMtIsaveM padya kA Der3ha pAda surakSita hai| itanA to nizcita hai ki isa kRti meM kama se kama 34 padya the, parantu kRti kitane padyoM meM racI gaI, yaha nahIM kahA jA sktaa| pratyeka padya ke antima pAda meM 'samayasundara' kA nAma ullikhita hone se kRti kI prAmANikatA

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5 padya 5 5 5 n samayasundara kI racanAe~ 261 asaMdigdha rUpa se prakaTa ho jAtI hai| kRti ke antima padya anupalabdha hone se isakA racanA-kAla jJAta nahIM ho pAyA hai| racanA ke chandoM meM ekarUpatA nahIM hai| kavitta, savaiyA Adi chanda prayukta hue haiN| adhikAMza padya savaiyA meM haiN| isa padya-racanA meM krama evaM pravAha kA bhI abhAva hai| prastuta racanA meM rAjula dvArA usakI carama viraha-avasthA kA hRdayasparzI citraNa kiyA gayA hai| prakRti kI vividha upamAoM se usake viraha-bhAva ko saMyojita kiyA gayA hai| racanA meM rAjula kA neminAtha ke sAtha hue ATha pUrvabhavoM ke pArasparika saMbaMdhoM kA bhI ullekha kiyA gayA hai| Upara hamane rAjula ke viraha-gItoM kA paricaya prastuta kiyA hai| ina gItoM ke atirikta anya kucha laghu gIta bhI upalabdha hote haiM, jo isa prakAra haiM - 6.7.1.1.8 zrI neminAtha ulambhA utAraNa bhAsa padya 4 6.7.1.1.9 zrI neminAtha rAjImatI gItam padya 5 6.7.1.1.10 neminAtha gItam 6.7.1.1.11 neminAtha jina gItam padya 5 6.7.1.1.12 zrI neminAtha gItam padya 2 6.7.1.1.13 zrI neminAtha gItam padya 3 6.7.1.1.14 zrI neminAtha gIta padya3 6.7.1.1.15 neminAtha gIta padya 3 6.7.1.1.16 zrI neminAtha gItam padya 2 6.7.1.1.17 neminAtha gItam padya3 6.7.1.1.18 zrI neminAtha gItam padya 4 6.7.1.1.19 neminAtha gItam padya 3 6.7.1.1.20 neminAtha gItam padya 4 6.7.1.1.21 zrI neminAtha stavanam 6.7.1.1.22 zrI neminAtha gUDhA gItam 6.7.1.1.23 neminAtha gItam (gIta kI do paMktiyA~ prApta haiM) 6.7.1.1.24 nemi zrRMgAra vairAgya 6.7.1.1.25 cAritra-cUnar3I 6.7.1.1.26 gUDhA gIta padya 3 6.7.1.1.27 neminAtha gItam padya3 6.7.1.1.28 neminAtha gItam 6.7.1.1.29 zrI neminAtha gItam padya 3 m m d m x m padya 3 m padya 3 apUrNa padya 4 padya padya 5

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262 mahopAdhyAya samayasundara : vyaktitva evaM kRtitva 6.7.1.2 sindhI bhASA meM nibaddha stavana 6.7.1.2.1 zrI nemijina stavanam ___ isa stavana meM likhA hai ki neminAtha vivAha-nimitta rAjula ke dvAra para pahu~ce, parantu jaise hI unhoMne vivAha-bhoja ke lie ekatrita pazuoM kI cItkAra sunI, ve karuNArdra hokara pravrajita hone ke nizcaya ke sAtha vApasa lauTa gye| kavi ne likhA hai ki prIti ho, to nemi-rAjula kI taraha hI, jinhoMne eka hI sAtha mukti prApti kii| prastuta stavana meM 9 padya haiN| isakA racanA-kAla anupalabdha hai| 6.7.2 kozA ke viraha-gIta ___ sthUlibhadra aura kozA se saMbaMdhita vivecya racanAoM meM sthUlibhadra aura kozA vezyA ke prasiddha kathAnaka ko lekara sthUlibhadra kI brahmacarya-sAdhanA kA varNana kiyA gayA hai| kozA ne sthUlibhadra ko zIla se cyuta karane ke aneka prayatna kiye, parantu unheM vicalita nahIM kara sakI aura anta meM sthUlibhadra ke upadezoM se usane svayaM zIlavrata dhAraNa kara liyaa| uparyukta upazIrSakAntargata samAgata racanAoM kA paricaya isa prakAra hai - 6.7.2.1 zrI sthUlibhadra gItam prastuta gIta meM kozA ke viraha kA jvalanta citraNa hai| kozA kahatI hai ki sthUlibhadra se viyoga hue 6 mAsa 15 dina ho gaye haiM, aba unake binA merA jIvita rahanA azakya ho gayA hai| kozA kI priyatama-milana kI tIvra utkaNThA prastuta gIta meM prakaTa huI isa gIta meM 6 padya haiN| yaha gIta akabarapura meM mIramojA ke zAsana meM vi0 saM0 1689 meM racA gyaa| 6.7.2.1 zrI sthUlibhadra gItam ___ isa gIta meM kozA kahatI hai ki paradezI se prIti kabhI nahIM karanI cAhiye, kyoMki paradezI kA punaH AnA kaThina hai| maiMne bhI paradezI se prIti kI aura aba virahajvAlA meM dhadhaka rahI huuN| dina meM anna-jala grahaNa na kara pAne ke kAraNa duHkhI hU~ aura rAtri meM nIMda na Ane ke kaarnn| kozA kahatI hai ki maiM apane premI ko patra bhI nahIM likha sakatI, kyoMki patra likhate samaya vaha azrunadI se Ardrita ho jAtA hai| isa gIta ke anta meM kavi ne likhA hai ki sthUlibhadra jaisA premI prApta honA azakya hai, jo sAdhu banane ke pazcAt bhI apanI premikA ke ghara Aye aura use pratibodha dekara zIla-cUnar3I pahanA gye| isa gIta meM 7 padya haiN| gIta kA racanA-kAla ajJAta hai|

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pagha samayasundara kI racanAe~ 263 6.7.2.3 sthUlibhadra gItam prastuta gIta meM 8 padya haiN| prathama 4 padyoM meM muni sthUlibhadra ke kozA ke gRha-prAMgaNa meM Agamana hone para kozA dvArA abhivyakta bAtoM ko nibaddha kiyA gayA hai aura zeSa cAra padyoM meM muni dvArA vezyA ko pradatta upadeza evaM kozA dvArA zrAvikAvrata aMgIkAra karane kA varNana kiyA gayA hai| isa gIta kA racanA-kAla anirdiSTa hai| 6.7.2.4 zrI sthUlibhadra gItam prastuta racanA 6 padyoM meM gumphita hai| isameM likhA hai ki jaba sthUlibhadramuni kozA ke gRha meM sAdhanA karane lage, to kozA ne unheM bhoga bhogane ke lie bahuta Agraha kiyA, lekina muni virakta the| unhoMne kozA ko zIlavrata aMgIkAra karane ke lie upadeza diyA, jise usane svIkAra kara liyaa| gIta kA racanA-kAla avarNita hai| uparyukta gItoM ke atirikta nimnalikhita laghu gIta bhI pAye jAte haiM - 6.7.2.5 zrI sthUlibhadra gItam 6.7.2.6 zrI sthUlibhadra gItam padya 4 6.7.2.7 zrI sthUlibhadra gItam padya 3 6.7.2.8 sthUlibhadra gItam padya 5 6.7.2.9 zrI sthUlibhadra gItam padya 5 6.7.2.10 sthUlibhadra gItam padya 4 kozA ke viraha gIta - isa upazIrSaka meM jina gItoM kA ullekha kiyA gayA hai, ve saba bhASA meM nibaddha haiN| 6.8 anya racanAe~ / prastuta zIrSaka ke antargata hama una sabhI phuTakara racanAoM ko samAviSTa kara rahe haiM, jinakA samAveza pUrvokta vargAnta meM nahIM huA hai| 6.8.1 saMskRta meM nibaddha racanAe~ 6.8.1.1 zrI caubIsa jina-guru-nAmagarbhita stotra prastuta stotra meM kavi ne jaina-dharma ke vartamAna caubIsa tIrthaGkaroM evaM apanI guruparamparA meM hue pramukha caubIsa AcAryoM kI eka sAtha stuti kI hai| vizeSatA yaha hai ki tIrthaGkaroM ke nAmoM ke sAtha jaba AcAryoM ke nAmoM ko artha rUpa meM grahaNa karate haiM, to vahA~ ve zabda tIrthaGkaroM ke vizeSaNa bana jAte haiN| isI prakAra AcAryoM ke nAmoM ke sAtha tIrthaGkaroM ke nAmoM ko ghaTita kiyA jAtA hai, to tIrthaGkaroM ke nAma AcAryoM ke vizeSaNa bana jAte haiN| prastuta racanA bhinna-bhinna 7 chandoM meM nibaddha hai| nAhaTA-bandhuoM ke ullekhAnusAra

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264 mahopAdhyAya samayasundara : vyaktitva evaM kRtitva 'zrI kavi samayasundara ne prastuta racanA kI svayaM hI vRtti likhI thii| jisakA nAma hai caubIsa jina - gurunAmagarbhitastotrasvopajJa vRtti'; kintu vRttisahita yaha stotra hameM prApta nahIM ho sakA / ataH kalpanA kI jA sakatI hai ki usa vRtti meM kavi ne prastuta stotra meM prayukta viziSTa zabdoM ke viziSTa arthoM ko spaSTa kiyA hogA / 6.8.1.2 guru duHkhita vacanam prastuta kRti kavi ke antarsaMsAra kI pIr3A ko prakAzita karatI hai / kavi ko apane jIvana meM bahuta hI sammAna, Adara evaM pratiSThA prApta huI thI; kintu jaba unhIM ke ziSya vRddhAvasthA meM unakA sAtha chor3a dete haiM, to kavi kA hRdaya ro uThatA hai / prastuta racanA kI pratyeka paMkti Antarika pIr3A ko prakaTa karatI hai| pratyeka pada kA aMtima vAkya 'yadi te na gerorbhaktAH ziSyai kiM tairnirarthakaiH ' bhI kavi kI antarvyathA ko hI abhivyaMjita karatI hai| anta meM kavi samayasundara apane kRta-karmoM kA doSa mAnakara saMtoSa dhAraNa karate haiM - na ziSya doSo dAtavyo, mamakarnaiva tAdRzam / paraM bhadrakabhAvena, lolA lolAyate mama // prastuta racanA meM kula 19 kar3iyA~ haiM / 'saMvatyaSTanavatyagre, rAjadhAnyAM svabhAvataH ' se spaSTa hai ki isakA racanA kAla saM0 1698 hai / 6.8.2 prAkRta meM nibaddha racanAe~ 6.8.2.1 alpabahutvavicAragarbhita zrImahAvIravRhatstavanam svopajJavRttisahitam mUla stavana prAkRta bhASA meM nibaddha hai, jisameM mahAvIra svAmI kI stuti ke mAdhyama se jIvoM ke alpa- bahutva para vicAra prastuta kiyA gayA hai| mUla kRti saMkSipta aura mAtra 13 gAthAoM meM nibaddha hai / isa para kavi ne svopajJavRtti likhI thI, jo ki bahuta varSoM pUrva AtmAnanda sabhA, bhAvanagara se prakAzita huI thI; kintu yaha vRtti hameM dekhane ko prApta nahIM ho skii| mUla gAthAoM ko dekhane se jJAta hotA hai ki isa vRtti meM jIvoM ke alpabahutva se sambandhita vicAroM kI gambhIra carcA rahI hogii| mUla- kRti kA racanA-kAla saM0 1654, mArgazIrSa vadi 1 hai / prastuta racanA caupar3A pAdeva jI kI prArthanA para zrI pattana ke kaMsArapATaka meM kI gaI thii| 6.8.3 bhASA meM nibaddha racanAe~ 6.8.3.1 zrI paramezvara-bheda gItam prastuta gIta meM 18 padya haiN| isa gIta meM kavi ne arihanta meM Izvara ke vividha svarUpoM aura nAmoM ko ghaTita kiyA hai / gIta kA racanA-kAla anirdiSTa hai / 1. draSTavya sItArAma - caupAI, bhUmikA, pRSTha 54 - -

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samayasundara kI racanAe~ 6.8.3.2 zrI paJca parameSThI gItam prastuta gIta kA racanA - kAla avarNita hai / isa gIta meM navakAra mahAmantra kI acintya mahimA kA varNana hai / gIta meM 5 kar3iyA~ haiM / 6.8.3.3 zrI jinapratimA pUjA gItam prastuta gIta kA varNya viSaya pratimA kI pUjA ko zAstrokta batAnA hai| isake lie kavi ne 'rAyapaseNI' evaM 'bhagavatI sUtra' nAmaka granthoM kA pramANa diyA hai| unhoMne racanA meM mUrttipUjaka mahApuruSoM kA nAmollekha bhI kiyA hai| isa gIta meM 9 kar3iyA~ haiM / isakA racanA - samaya ajJAta hai| 6.8.3.4 zAzvata jinacaityapratimA vRhatstavanam 'zAzvata jina caitya pratimA vRhatstavanam' ke praNayana kA uddezya jinamandira evaM jinapratimA ke prati bhakti prakaTa karanA hai / kavi ne jinamandira aura jinapratimA kI zAzvatatA ko bhI siddha karane kA prayAsa kiyA hai / kina-kina tIrthoM meM kitane jinAlaya evaM unameM kitanI pratimAe~ haiM, isa para kavi ne zAstrIya dRSTi se prakAza DAlA hai| unhoMne apane varNana kA AdhAra mukhyarUpa se 'jIvAbhigama sUtra' batAyA hai| ve jinapratimA ke sambandha meM kahate haiM jina pratimA bolI jina sArakhI, hitasukha mokSa nidAno jI / bhaviyaNa nai bhavasAgara tArivA, pravahaNa jema pradhAno jI // prastuta stavana 19 kar3iyoM meM nibaddha hai| isakI racanA ke samaya aura sthala kA kavi ne ullekha nahIM kiyA hai| 6.8.3.5 upadhAna tapa stavanam jainadharma meM zrAvakoM ke tapa evaM vratoM meM 'upadhAna tapa' pramukha mAnA jAtA hai| prastuta stavana isI tapa se sambandhita hai| yaha stavana 3 DhAloM meM nibaddha hai| isameM kula 18 padya haiN| prathama DhAla meM kavi ne upadhAna tapa kI Agama-sammatatA tathA upadhAna tapa evaM usake karttA kA mAhAtmya batAyA hai| uttarAdhyayana, mahAnizItha Adi granthoM meM isa tapa kA ullekha huA hai, aisA kavi ne likhA hai; lekina uttarAdhyayana sUtra meM nirdiSTa 'bahuzruta' adhyayana meM isa tapa kA nAmollekha taka bhI nahIM pAyA gayA hai| 265 dvitIya DhAla meM upadhAna tapa kI vidhi batAyI gayI hai| tRtIya DhAla meM upadhAna tapa meM karaNIya aura akaraNIya bAtoM kA ullekha huA hai| stavana kA racanA - kAla evaM racanA sthala, donoM ajJAta haiM / 7.8.3.6 upadhAna gItam isa gIta meM guru-pUjA evaM upadhAna tapa ke mAla- mahotsava para prakAza DAlA gayA

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266 mahopAdhyAya samayasundara : vyaktitva evaM kRtitva hai| gIta 9 kar3iyoM meM nibaddha hai| isakA racanA-kAla anupalabdha hai| 6.8.3.7 jJAna paMcamI vRhatstavanam jJAna-paMcamI jainoM kA dhArmika parva hai| jJAna-pipAsujana isakI ArAdhanA karate haiN| zvetAmbara-paramparA meM jJAnapaMcamI kA parva kArtika zuklapakSa paMcamI ko manAyA jAtA hai, jabaki digambara-paramparA meM jyeSTha zuklapakSa paMcamI ko manAyA jAtA hai| isa stavana kI lokapriyatA bhI kAphI hai| samayasundara ne prastuta kRti meM jJAna kA mAhAtmya batAkara jJAna paMcamI kI ArAdhanA-vidhi ko prastuta kiyA hai| jJAna kI mahimA batAte hue ve likhate haiM - nyAna bar3au saMsAra, nyAna mugati dAtAra / nyAna dIvau kAu e, sAcau saradAu e| nyAna locana suvilAsa, lokAloka prkaash| nyAna vinA pasU e, nara jANai kisUM e|| nyAnI sAsosAsa, karama karai je naas| nArakI nai sahI e, kor3i varasa kahI e|| kiriyA sahita jau nyAna, hayai tau ati prdhaan| sonau nai suhRtau e, sAMkha dUdhai bharayau e|| Alocya racanA tIna DhAloM meM gamphila hai| anta meM 'kalaza' ke rUpa meM stavana kA upasaMhAra diyA hai| isakA racanA-kAla vi0saM0 1666 kI jJAnapaMcamI hai| 6.8.3.8 mauna ekAdazI stavana mauna ekAdazI jainoM kA eka dhArmika parva hai| yaha prativarSa mArgazIrSa zuklA paMcamI ko manAyA jAtA hai| isa dina mauna rahane kA mAhAtmya hai| samayasundara ne prastuta stavana meM isa dina kI mahattA kA ullekha karate hue isakI ArAdhanA-vidhi Adi digdarzita kI hai| yaha stavana prasiddha hai| isakI racanA jaisalamera meM vi0 saM0 1681 meM huI thii| kavi ne svayaM likhA hai - jesala sola ikyAsI samai, kI-- stavana sahU mana gmi| samayasundara kahai dhyAhar3I, migasara sudi igyArasa bdd'ii|| 6.8.3.9 pauSadha-vidhi gItam kavivara samayasundara ne isa pauSadha-vidhi-gItam' kI racanA saM0 1667, mArgazIrSa zuklA 10, guruvAra ko kI thii| kavi ne jaisalamera saMgha ke Agraha se prastRta kRti kA praNayana kiyA thaa| yaha racanA pA~ca DhAloM meM gumphita hai| isameM kavi ne gRhastha upAsakoM ke pauSadha-vrata kI vidhi kA varNana kiyA hai| AtmagaveSaNA, dharmArAdhanA aura gArhasthika pravRttiyoM se nivRtti kA prayAsa - yahI ukta vrata kI ArAdhanA kA mukhya uddezya hai| isa vrata kI ArAdhanA meM kavi ne apratilekhita evaM apramArjita bhUmi, zayyAdi kA upayoga na

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samayasundara kI racanAe~ 267 karanA, nindA, vikathA, pramAdAdi kA sevana na karanA, hiMsaka upakaraNoM tathA sabhI doSapUrNa pravRttiyoM kA tyAga karanA anivArya batAyA hai| 'gRhasthoM ko pauSadha-vrata kA pAlana karanA cAhiye'- bAta ko pramANita karane ke lie kavi ne uttarAdhyayana, nizItha Adi granthoM kA nAmollekha bhI kiyA hai| isake atirikta kavi ne isameM isa vrata kI ArAdhanA karane vAle pramukha zrAvakoM ke nAmoM kA nirdeza diyA hai| 6.8.3.10 sataraha prakAra jIva alpa-bahutva garbhitastavanam jaina-darzana meM aneka AtmAoM kI sattA ko svIkAra kiyA gayA hai| jaivika dRSTi se jaina-AmnAya meM ina sattAdhAriyoM ke do bheda batAye gaye haiM - (1) sUkSma aura (2) baadr| sUkSma jIva samasta dizA-vidizA tathA lokatraya meM eka samAna hote haiM, lekina bAdara jIva asmaan| vibhinna pakSoM, sthaloM ityAdi kI apekSA se bAdara jIvoM ke sataraha, bheda kiye gaye haiN| prastuta stavana meM una sataraha bhedoM kA vizleSaNa kiyA hai| kavi ne 'prajJApanA sUtra' kA ullekha karate hue usameM kathi viSaya kI vistRta carcA upalabdha honA batAyA hai| racanA meM tIna DhAla aura anta meM 'kalaza' ke mAdhyama se racanA kA upasaMhAra kiyA gayA hai| prathama DhAla meM 4 catuSpada, dvitIya DhAla meM 8 catuSpada aura tRtIya DhAla meM 9 catuSpada haiN| antima 'kalaza' meM 1 catuSpada hai| prastuta racanA kA racanA-kAla avarNita hai| 6.8.3.11'cattAri-aTTha-dasa-doya' pada vicAra garbhita stavanam prastuta stavana meM 'cattAri aTTha dasa doya' pada kA sundara vizleSaNa hai| ukta pada Avazyaka sUtra nAmaka grantha ke 'siddhANaM buddhANaM sUtra' kA antima pada hai| yaha pada 4+8+10+2=24 tIrthaGkaroM kI saMkhyA kA sUcaka hai, lekina kavivara ne apanI vizad buddhi-prakharatA ke AdhAra para teraha prakAra se ukta tathya kA vistAra kiyA hai aura pazcAt unakI stuti bhI kI hai, jise kavi ne zAstra-sammata batAyA hai| isa gIta kA racanA-kAla bhI anupalabdha hai| gIta meM 17 gAthAe~ haiM tathA anta meM 'kalaza' bhI hai| 6.8.3.12 saMghapati somajI veli prastuta gIta kI racanA saMghapati somajI ke svargArohaNa ke avasara para huI thii| somajI ne bimba-pratiSThA, pada-yAtrA-saMgha Adi aneka stutya dharma-kArya kiye the| kavi ne unakA ullekha karate hue kahA hai ki aise saMghasevaka mRtyuMjaya hote haiM, unake kartRtva kI kIrti amara ho jAtI hai| kavi ne to yahA~ taka kalpanA kI hai ki somajI kA nidhana nahIM huA, apitu ve jinacandrasUri kI bhakti karane svarga gaye haiN| gIta meM 10 kar3iyA~ haiM / gIta kA racanA-kAla evaM racanA-sthala anirdiSTa hai|

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268 mahopAdhyAya samayasundara : vyaktitva evaM kRtitva 6.8.3.13 manoratha gItam 'manoratha gItam' meM ATha padya haiN| gIta meM kavi ne apanI Antarika bhAvanA vyakta karate hue kahA hai ki vaha dina kaba AegA, jaba maiM siddhAcala kI yAtrA karU~gA, tIrthaGkara ke vacana sunU~gA, samyaktva, samatva aura zramaNatva prApta karU~gA, arihanta ke guNa-gAna se nirmala hoU~gA aadi| gIta kA racanA-kAla anullikhita hai| 6.8.3.14 manAretha gItam / kavivara cAritra ke prati dRr3ha AsthAvAn the| prastuta gIta meM kavi ne apanI bhAvanA vyakta karate hue likhA hai ki kaba aisA avasara AegA, jaba maiM nirgrantha banakara samyaka prakAra se municaryA kA pAlana karU~gA, zAstranirdiSTa zuddha gaucarI grahaNa karU~gA, mamatva kA parityAga kara ugra vihAra karU~gA, Atma-nindA karU~gA, pramAda tyAgakara svAdhyAya karU~gA, svAdalolupatA se dUra rahU~gA aadi| gIta meM 8 padya haiN| isakA racanA-kAla ajJAta hai| ukta racanAoM ke atirikta nimnAMkita laghu racanAe~ bhI milatI haiM - 6.8.3.15 jJAna paJcamI laghu stavanam padya 5 6.8.3.16 zrI paryuSaNa-parva gItam padya3 6.8.3.17 zrI rohiNI-tapa-stavanam padya 5 6.8.3.18 guru duHkhita vacanam padya 5 6.8.3.19 manoratha gItam padya 3 isa prakAra hama dekhate haiM ki samayasundara kA sAhitya bahuAyAmI evaM bahuvyApI hai| zAyada hI aisA koI viSaya ho, jise samayasundara kI sAhityika lekhanI ne nahIM chuA ho| inake vizAla sAhitya ko dekhate hue lagatA hai ki jainadharma ke ye dUsare hemacandrAcArya hue, kyoMki hemacandrAcArya ke pazcAt pratyeka viSaya para maulika evaM TIkA granthoM ke rUpa meM itane vipula sAhitya kA nirmANa karane vAlA zAyada hI koI huA ho| . ___ samayasundara kA kRtitva eka sAgara kI bhA~ti hai, jisakA pAra pAnA kaThina-sA hai| unakA sAhitya bhArata ke vividha jaina-jJAna-bhaNDAroM meM upalabdha hai| vAstavikatA ho yaha hai ki hamane jisa kisI bhI jJAnabhaNDAra meM samayasundara ke sAhitya ke bAre meM khoja kI athavA karavAI, vahIM hameM samayasundara kI racanAoM ke darzana hue| hameM anusandhAna karate hue jisa DhaMga se kavi kI racanAe~ mila rahI haiM, usase yaha anumAna lagatA hai ki unhoMne hajAroM racanAe~ gumphita kI hoNgii| unameM se kucha kAla-kavalita ho gayIM, kucha upalabdha haiM aura kucha abhI bhI jJAnabhaNDAroM meM banda haiM / samayasundara ke prakIrNaka gItasAhitya ke saMbaMdha meM paravartI kaviyoM kA yaha kathana prasiddha hai -

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269 samayasundara kI racanAe~ samayasundara nA gItar3A, kumbhe rANA nA bhiiNtdd'aa| * samayasundara rA gItar3A, kumbhe rANA rA ciitdd'aa| arthAt samayasundara ke gItoM kI koI thAha nahIM hai, unakA pAra pAnA utanA hI duSkara hai, jitanA mahArANA kumbhA dvArA nirmita stambhoM yA citroM kA pAra paanaa| prastuta adhyAya meM hamane samayasundara kI jina racanAoM kA paricayAtmaka adhyayana prastuta kiyA hai, unakI prAmANikatA asandigdha hai| katipaya vidvAnoM ne samayasundara kI kaI anya racanAoM kA ullekha kiyA hai, parantu nAhaTA bandhuoM ko unakI prAmANikatA para saMdeha hai| zrI mohanalAla dalIcanda desAI ne unakI nimnalikhita atirikta racanAoM kA ullekha kiyA hai - 1. puNyADhya rAsa, 2. saMvAdasundara, 3. guNaratnAkara-chanda, 4. gAthAlakSaNa, 5. revatI sajjhAya, 6. bIkAnera AdinAtha vInati aadi| lAlacanda bha0 gAndhI samayasundara kI racanAoM meM nimnAMkita ATha racanAe~ bhI sammilita karate haiM - 1. zIla chattIsI, 2. bAraha vrata rAsa, 3. zrIpAla rAsa, 4. praznottara caupAI, 5. haMsarAja baccharAja rAsa, 6. jambUrAsa, 7. nemi-rAjImatI rAsa, 8. antarikSa gaur3I chnd| hIrAlAla rasikadAsa ke anusAra samayasundara ne 'jIvavicAra vRtti' kI racanA bhI kI thii| zrI puraNacanda nAhara ne unakI 'jinadattarSi kathA' nAmaka eka anya kRti kA ullekha kiyA hai| ukta cAroM vidvAnoM kA nidhana ho jAne se hama unake dvArA ullikhita granthoM ke bAre meM koI ullekhanIya jAnakArI prApta nahIM kara ske| yadyapi hamane ina vidvAnoM ke kaumbikajanoM se bhI samparka sthApita kiyA, lekina ve ina granthoM ke bAre meM koI jAnakArI nahIM de ske| khaira ! phira kabhI deva-saMyoga se samayasundara ke avaziSTa grantha mile, to hama una para zodha karane kI jijJAsA rakhate haiM aura prastuta prabandha meM rahI apUrNatA ko pUrNa karane kA prayAsa kreNge| *** 1. draSTavya - sItArAma-caupAI, bhUmikA, pRSTha 57

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tRtIya adhyAya samayasundara kI bhASA

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samayasundara kI bhASA 273 samayasundara kI bhASA kA anuzIlanAtmaka adhyayana 1. bhASA-paricaya 2. bhASA-zailI 3. bhASA -zakti - ina tIna mukhya zIrSakoM meM rakhakara kiyA jA rahA hai| 1. bhASA-paricaya bhASA bhinna-bhinna prakAra kI saMracanAoM kI eka vyavasthA hai| vAkya usakI sabase bar3I ikAI hai| rUpa (pada) vAkya se choTI ikAI hai aura dhvani usase bhI chottii| vAkyoM kI viziSTa prakAra se kI gaI saMracanA evaM vyavasthA hI sAhitya kA rUpa grahaNa karatI hai| samayasundara bhASAvid the| unhoMne 'rUpakamAlA' nAmaka bhASA-zAstra para avacUri bhI likhI thii| mahopAdhyAya samayasundara kA sAhitya atyanta vyApaka hai, sAtha hI aneka bhASAoM meM nibaddha hai| unhoMne nimnalikhita bhASAoM meM sAhitya likhA hai - 1.1 saMskRta-bhASA 1.2 prAkRta-bhASA 1.3 maru-gUrjara bhASA (prAcIna hindI) 1.4 sindhI-bhASA samayasundara kI ukta cAroM bhASAoM kA samIkSAtmaka paricaya AgAmI pRSThoM meM prastuta kiyA jA rahA hai| 1.1 saMskRta bhASA saMskRta vizva kI eka prAcIna evaM zreSTha bhASA mAnI jAtI hai| yaha bhASA kisI samaya jIvanta aura loka-vyavahAra kI bhASA rahI hai aura aneka varSoM taka yaha bhAratIya samAja evaM zAsana kI bhASA banI rhii| yadyapi yaha bhASA mUlataH udIcya boliyoM para AdhArita thI, parantu pUrva, dakSiNa tathA madhya bhArata ke sabhI aMcaloM para bhI isakA atyadhika prabhAva rhaa| isIlie isa bhASA kA saMgaThana eka akhila bhAratIya bhASA ke rUpa meM huA aura sabhI pradezoM ke vidvAnoM evaM lekhakoM dvArA yaha poSita tathA pallavita hotI rhii| bhArata kI sAMskRtika cetanA evaM sabhya janoM ke vicAra-vimarza kA mAdhyama yahI bhASA bnii| jaina AcAryoM evaM muniyoM ne yadyapi janabhASA (prAkRta) kA upayoga kiyA, kintu ve bhI saMskRta

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274 mahopAdhyAya samayasundara : vyaktitva evaM kRtitva kI apekSA na kara sake aura apane dharmapracAra ke lie kAlAntara meM unheM bhI ise svIkAra karanA pdd'aa| paravartIkAla meM to jaina AcAryoM ne prAkRta kI apekSA saMskRta meM pracura sAhitya kA sarjana kiyaa| inake dvArA likhita sAhitya atyanta samRddha hai / hamAre Alocya jaina muni samayasundara saMskRta bhASA ke prakANDa vidvAna the / unhoMne aneka utkRSTa saMskRta granthoM kA adhyayana evaM adhyApana kiyA aura svayaM ne bhI saMskRta meM lagabhaga 50 bRhat granthoM kA praNayana kiyaa| yadyapi janmajAta ve marugurjara bhASI the, kintu saMskRta bhASA para unakA pUrNa adhikAra thaa| saMskRta meM aSTAkSaroM ke dazalakSAdhika (prApta aSTalakSAdhika) artha prastuta karanA saMskRta ke bahuta bar3e bhASAvid ke hI hAtha kI bAta ho sakatI hai| saMskRta zabdAvalI aura vyAkaraNa para bhI unakA adhikAra thaa| vyAkaraNa saMbaMdhI niyamoM ke AdhAra para eka zabda ke aneka artha udghATita karane meM ve siddhahasta the| unakI saMskRta bhASA meM sarasatA, pravAha tathA mAdhurya nihita hai / unakI gadya-saMskRta svAbhAvika, sarala tathA sAmAnya pAThaka ke lie bhI nitAnta rocaka aura grAhya hai / padya-saMskRta parimArjita evaM pariSkRta hai / chandobaddha hone ke kAraNa usameM kahIM-kahIM aise zabda bhI samAviSTa hue haiM, jo pracalita-se pratIta hote haiN| unakI saMskRta paramparAgata saMskRta jaisI hI hai / zabdAvalI bhI paramparAgata hai / samayasundara kI saMskRta-kRtiyA~ bar3I bhAvapUrNa aura prasAdaguNa se yukta haiM tathA alaMkAroM, sUktiyoM, muhAvaroM evaM lokoktiyoM Adi ke prayoga se ve jyAdA prabhAvapUrNa aura hRdayahArI banI haiN| vidvatsamAja meM bhASaNa, vivAdAspada viSayoM ke samAdhAna aura viziSTa granthoM ke nirmANa ke lie ve saMskRta bhASA kA hI Azraya lete the / unhoMne saMskRta meM vizAla sAhitya gumphita kara use jIvita banAye rakhane meM apanA avismaraNIya sahayoga pradAna kiyA / 1.2 prAkRta bhASA yadyapi prAcIna bhAratIya bhASAoM meM saMskRta kA sthAna zIrSastha hai, lekina jisa bhASA se yaha saMskArita huI, usa mUla bhASA kA nAma prAkRta hai| svayaM saMskRta zabda bhI apane saMskArita svarUpa kA paricAyaka hai / saMskRta vidvadvarga yA ziSTa samAja kI bhASA thI aura prAkRta jana-sAdhAraNa kI bhASA / jaina aura bauddha dharma ke pravartakoM evaM AcAryoM ne janasAdhAraNa meM apane dharma kA pracAra karane ke lie prAkRta ko hI apanAyA / kAlAntara meM mUla prAkRtoM se, jo jana boliyA~ thIM, sAhityika prAkRta kA vikAsa huaa| yaha sAhityika prAkRta bhI saMskRta ke samAna sugaThita bhASA thI / samayasundara prAkRta bhASA ke acche jJAtA the / jo bhASA bolacAla kI bhASA na ho, usameM racanA likhanA duSkara hotA hai, lekina unhoMne isa bhASA meM aneka racanAoM kA

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samayasundara kI bhASA 275 praNayana kiyaa| unhoMne eka aisI racanA bhI likhI, jo yamakabaddha hai| pratyeka padya meM yamaka kA camatkAra usa bhASA kA jJAtA hI dikhA sakatA hai| samayasundara ne prAkRta meM racita aneka granthoM kI vizad vyAkhyA kI hai| yadyapi unhoMne prAkRta meM kisI svatantra grantha kA nirmANa nahIM kiyA, phira bhI prAkRta meM unake kucheka sphuTa gIta avazya prApta hote haiN| ina gItoM kI prAkRta saMskRta bhASA se prabhAvita lagatI hai| yadyapi zabdAvalI evaM rUpAvalI prAkRta kI hI hai| unakI prAkRta racanAoM meM apabhraMza evaM dezya (dezaja) zabdoM kA prayoga upalabdha nahIM hotA hai| saMskRta prabhAvita prAkRta hone ke kAraNa vaha sAhityika prAkRta hai| usameM AkarSaNa kSamatA hai, kintu vaha svAbhAvikatA nahIM hai, jo unakI anya bhASAoM meM racita racanAoM meM prApta hotI hai| jo racanAe~ prAkRta evaM saMskRta prAkRta evaM hindI - donoM bhASA meM racI gaI haiM, ve kAphI rocaka pratIta hotI haiN| ___ samayasundara kI prAkRta sAmAnya prAkRta hai, jise hama mahArASTrI kaha sakate haiN| spaSTatA ke lie nIce eka-do udAharaNa diye jA rahe haiM - zuddha prAkRta bhASA kalikasAyakalaMkamalAvahaM, niruvamANakalAkamalAvahaM / ahiNuvAmi tumaM samayAlayaM jayaidIva sama samayAlayaM // 1 saMskRta-prabhAvita prAkRta namirasurAsurakhayara-rAyakinnara-vijjAhara ! mahu yarAivirAya-mANapayapaMkaya-sundara ! mahi ala-mahimAme yamaNavaMchi a-dAyaka / jaya jaya thambhaNa pAsanAha ! bhuvnnttynaayg|| pruvyaarpaayv-pvr-siNcnnsmuirsmaann| purisAdANia pAsa jiNa guNagaNarayaNa nihANa // vAmAdevI uara suttimaMjula-muttAha l| sayalakalAvalikaliyakAya klimlivsuhaahl| moha-mahAbala-nIrapaMka-nippheDaNa-diNayara / arikari-niarinirAgaraNapaMcANaNa! jydev| thaMbha (Na) puramaNDaNamauDa surnrvNchiasev||2 sama prAkRta-saMskRta __ lasaNNANa-vinnANa-satrANa mehaM, 1. samayasundara kRti kusumAMjali, yamakabaddhaprAkRtabhASAyAM pArzvanAtha laghustavanam (8) 2. vahI, - zrI stambhanapArzvanAthastotram (1, 3)

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276 mahopAdhyAya samayasundara : vyaktitva evaM kRtitva kalAbhiH kalAbhiryutAtmIya dehm| . maNuNNaM kalAkeli-rUvANugAraM, stuve pArzvanAthaM guNazreNisAram // 1.3 maru-gUrjara bhASA (prAcIna hindI) hindI, rAjasthAnI, gujarAtI Adi bhASAe~ prAkRta apabhraMza se vikasita huiiN| mahopAdhyAya samayasundara kI bhASA bhI prAkRta apabhraMza se hI vikasita hai| isa bhASA se hamArA abhiprAya usa bhASA se hai, jo samayasundara ke samaya janasAdhAraNa meM vyavahata hotI thii| samayasundara kI bhASA kA bhASA-vaijJAnika adhyayana karane para jJAta hotA hai ki unakI yaha bhASA zaurasenI prAkRta>apabhraMza se vikasita hai| zaurasenI prAkRta>apabhraMza se hindI, gujarAtI, rAjasthAnI, paMjAbI Adi bhASAoM kA janma huA hai| samayasundara kI bhASA inameM se kauna-sI thI, isake lie vidvAnoM meM matabheda haiN| rAjasthAna ke vidvAn samayasundara kI bhASA ko rAjasthAnI bhASA mAnate haiM aura gujarAta ke vidvAn unakI bhASA ko gujarAtI batAte haiN| agaracanda nAhaTA, bha~varalAla nAhaTA, DaoN0 satyanArAyaNa svAmI ke matAnusAra samayasundara kA bhASA-sAhitya rAjasthAnI meM nibaddha hai, jabaki mohanalAla dalIcanda desAI, DaoN. ramaNalAla ci0 zAha" Adi ne unake bhASA-sAhitya ko gujarAtI meM gumphita batAyA hai| yadyapi donoM pakSIya vidvAn apane-apane bhASA-kSetra ke mUrdhanya vidvAn haiM, lekina kisI ne bhI unakI bhASA ko rAjasthAnI athavA gujarAtI batAne kA kAraNa nahIM batAyA hai| vAstavikatA to yaha hai ki jisa mUla bhASA se rAjasthAnI aura gujarAtI donoM kA vikAsa huA, usameM aisI koI vibhAjaka rekhA aGkita kara pAnA saMbhava nahIM hai| samayasundara kA janma-sthAna sAMcaura hai| yaha sthAna rAjasthAna aura gujarAta kI sImA para sthita hai| sImAvartI kSetra hone se vahA~ kI bhASA na to vizuddha rAjasthAnI hai aura na hI vizuddha gujraatii| yadyapi sAMcaura-kSetra rAjasthAna prAntAntargata hai, kintu vahA~ kI bhASA gujarAtI se pUrNataH prabhAvita hai| vartamAna meM bhI sAMcaura evaM usake nikaTavartI kSetroM meM jo bhASA vyavahata hotI hai, vaha rAjasthAnI aura gujarAtI kA mizrita rUpa hai| yoM bhI donoM bhASAe~ eka-dUsare se prabhAvita haiM aura unameM sAmyatA ke vividha AyAma dekhe jA sakate haiN| samayasundara ke bhASA-sAhitya meM bhI donoM bhASAoM kA sammizrita rUpa upalabdha hai| aise 1. vahI, pArzvanAthalaghustavanam (1) 2. draSTavya - sItArAma caupAI, bhUmika, pRSTha 13-31 3. draSTavya - mahAkavi samayasundara aura unakI rAjasthAnI racanAe~, pRSTha 70 4. draSTavya - Ananda kAvya mahodadhi mauktika 7 mu. kavivara samayasundara, pRSTha 34 5. draSTavya -- mRgAvatI-caritra-caupAI, bhUmikA, pRSTha 8

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samayasundara kI bhASA 277 bhI aneka padya haiM, jo vizuddha gujarAtI bhASA meM lagate haiM aura aise bhI aneka padya haiM, jo vizuddha rAjasthAnI ke lagate haiN| samayasundara kI gadya-hindI pUrNataH bolacAla kI lagatI hai| gadya meM unhoMne kula do grantha likhe haiM, jinheM granthakAra ne bAlAvabodha kI saMjJA dI hai| una granthoM kA varNya-viSaya zrAvaka ke nitya karma se saMbaMdhita hai| ataH apane zrAvakoM ko saralatA se samajhAne ke lie unhoMne vahI bhASA apanAI hai, jise aneka pAThaka nitya vyavahAra meM lAte the| ina granthoM kI bhASA gujarAtI kI apekSA rAjasthAnI adhika lagatI hai, kintu gujarAtI se aprabhAvita nahIM hai| yadi yaha kaheM ki samayasundara kI bhASA rAjasthAnI aura gujarAtI kA mizrita rUpa hai athavA unakI rAjasthAnI yA gujarAtI eka dUsare se pUrNataH prabhAvita hai yA unakI bhASA gujarAtI aura rAjasthAnI se kAphI sAmyatA rakhatI hai, to adhika ucita hogaa| samayasundara kI padya-bhASA meM saMskRta-zabdAvalI kA bAhulya hone se vaha Adhunika hindI se bahuta hI sAmyatA rakhatI hai| unakI bhASA zaurasenI prAkRta apabhraMza se vikasita hai, lekina usa para mahArASTrI prAkRta apabhraMza kA bhI adhika prabhAva dikhAI detA hai| vAstava meM samayasundara eka ghumakkar3a saMta the| unhoMne rAjasthAna, gujarAta, saurASTra, sindha Adi vividha prAntoM meM pada-yAtrAe~ kI thiiN| ata: ina saba prAntoM kI bhASA kA unakI maulika bhASA para prabhAva pdd'aa| dUsare meM ve eka vidvAn vyakti the aura unheM saMskRta, prAkRta, apabhraMza, rAjasthAnI, gujarAtI, sindhI Adi bhASAoM kA jJAna thaa| saMbhavata: ve urdU bhASA bhI jAnate the| kAraNa, unhoMne aise aneka saMketa diye haiM, jinase spaSTa hotA hai ki unakA musalamAna zAsakoM se ghaniSTha saMbaMdha thaa| isa taraha samayasundara kI hindI bhASA meM vibhinna vyAkaraNa-saMbaMdhI pravRttiyoM ke bIja milate haiN| videzI bhASA kI zabdAvalI bhI prayukta huI hai| dezya-zabdoM kA prayoga bhI prApta hotA hai| nIce kucha udAharaNa die jAte haiM urdU illA, billA', jorU', hajUrI arabI kAjI, mullA, phakIra', khalakkapa, hukamma, phoja" 1. samayasundara kRti kusumAMjali, zrI paramezvara-bheda gItam (7) 2. vahI, RSi mahattvagItam (1) 3. vahI, paramezvara-bheda gItam (15) 4. vahI, padmAvatI-ArAdhanA (13) 5. vahI, RSi mahattva gItam (1) 6. vahI, RSi mahattva gItam (2) 7. vahI, RSi mahattva gItam (1) 8. sItArAma-caupAI (6.4.10)

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278 phArasI takhatta', pAtasAha, marda, dukANa, khUba vividha bhASAoM ke zabda - prayoga se samayasundara kI zabdAvalI samRddha huI hai| sAhitya aura jana-jana se unakA nikaTatama saMbaMdha hone ke kAraNa tatsama, tadbhava aura dezaja - tInoM prakAra kA zabda-samUha unakI bhASA meM prayukta hai / yathA - - tatsama - mahopAdhyAya samayasundara : vyaktitva evaM kRtitva Aditya', DamarU, vRSabha, surataru, rAkSasa 10, puruSa 11, bhogI 14, ziSya 15, auSadha 16, vaidya 17, vimAna 18, sAdhu19, yauvana 20, mahiSI 23, kastUrI, nArI, samatA, vizeSatA, kSamA' Adi / 10. vahI, narmadAsundarI gItam (2) 11. vahI, davadaMtI satI bhAsa (8) 12 . vahI, damayantI satI gItam (1) 13. vahI zrAvakadinakRtyakulakam (1) 14. vahI, paramezvarabheda gItam (8) 15. vahI, guruduHkhitavacana (1) 16-17. vahI, udayanarAjarSi gItam (17) 18. vahI, megharatharAjAgItam (20) 19. vahI, prastAva savaiyA chattIsI (1) 20. vahI, jambUsvAmI gota (2) 21. vahI, puNya chattIsI (1) 22. vahI, jinacandrasUri AlijA gItam 23. vahI, dazArNabhadragItam (6) 1-2-3-4. samayasundara kRti kusumAMjali, RSi mahattva gItam (1) 5. vahI, RSi mahattva gItam (2) 6. samayasundara kRti kusumAMjali, zrI AdityayazAdi ATha sAdhu gItam (2) 7. vahI, ilAputra gItam (10) 8. vahI, karakaMDu pratyekabuddha gItam (4) 9. vahI, zrIjinasiMhasUrigItAni (28.3) vana 12, puNya 21, zrAvaka 13. mAlA 22,

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samayasundara kI bhASA 279 tadbhava ___ takSazilA > takhisilA, zvasurAlaya > sAsare, svarNakAra > sonAra, dvimukha > dUmuha, svAmI > sAMI10, makkhana > mAkhaNa,11 anta:pura > aMteura12, nagarI > nayarI13, yUkA > na~, 14 likSA > lIkha15, agni > Agi16, jihvA > jIbha,17 Azcarya - acarija18, hasta > hAtha19, aadi....aadi| dezaja celA20, hAlI21, uMdari22 aadi| samayasundara kI hindI bhASA meM tadbhava zabdoM kA bAhutya hai| unakI hindI meM mAnya sabhI dhvaniyoM kA prayoga milatA hai| lekhana paddhati meM kucha antara bhI dikhAI par3atA hai| G, J, Na, n, ma ke sthAna para anusvAra(); z, S ke lie s; S ke lie kh bhI ; R, R ke lie ri; jJa ke lie nya kA sAmAnyatayA prayoga huA hai| kvacita sthAnoM para 1. vahI, upadhAna gItam (2) 2. vahI, udayanarAjarSi gItam (4) 3. vahI, zrAvakabArahavrata kulakam (10) 4. vahI, zuddha zrAvakaduSkaramilana gItam (9) 5. vahI, kSamA chattIsI (1) 6. vahI, bAhubali gItam (1) 7. vahI, vairAgya sajjhAya (5) 8. vahI, pArakIhor3anivAraNa gItam (2) 9. samayasundara kRti kusumAMjali, dumuha pratyekabuddha gItam (2) 10. vahI, paramezvarabheda (6) 11. vahI, padmAvatI-ArAdhanA (21) 12. vahI, jambUsvAmI gItam (9) 13. vahI, culaNI bhAsa (1) 14-15. vahI, padmAvatI-ArAdhanA (25) 16. sItArAma caupAI (9.2.1) 17. samayasundara kRti kusumAMjali, subhadrAsatI gItam (1) 18. vahI, kalAvatI satI gItam (6) 19. vahI, kalAvatI satI gItam (3) 20. vahI, guru duHkhita vacana (1) 21. vahI, padmAvatI-ArAdhanA (17) 22. vahI, padmAvatI-ArAdhanA (24)

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280 mahopAdhyAya samayasundara : vyaktitva evaM kRtitva apavAda rUpa meM ukta mUla dhvani-rUpa bhI vidyamAna hai| 'o' lie 'au' aura 'e' ke lie 'ai' rUpa upalabdha hote haiN| samayasundara kI hindI meM kucha dhvani-parivartana aura vilakSaNa prayoga bhI dRSTigocara hote haiN| kucha mahattvapUrNa parivartana nIce diye jA rahe haiM - svara-parivartana samayasundara ke sAhitya meM svara-parivartana saMbaMdhI vividha dizAe~ haiN| jaise - (ka) svarAgama pramAda - paramAda', mArga > mAragare, strI - astrI3 kriyA > kiriyA , sRjanahAra > sarajanahArA', mRSAvAda > miraSAvAda (kha) svaralopa sevA > seva , hAtha > hathi, duHkha > dukha', mAlA > mAla10 (ga) svara-saMbaMdhI kucha pramukha parivartana draSTavya haiM - R> ri Rddhi > riddhi11, ai > jaya > vayarAgI12 (gha) mAtrA-bheda : mAtrA kI anivAryatA ke kAraNa samayasundara ne kahIM dIrgha ko hrasva tathA kahIM hrasva ko dIrgha kara diyA hai - 1. dIrgha ko hrasva - mAtA > mAta13 2. hrasva ko dIrgha - udAra > udArA14 1. samayasundara kRti kusumAMjali, kriyA-preraNA gItam (5) 2. vahI, kriyA-preraNA-gItam (8) 3. vahI, karma gItam (1) 4. vahI, pramAda-tyAga gItam (3) 5. vahI, karatAra gItam (5) 6. vahI, narakagati-prApti gItam (1) 7. vahI, anAgata caubIsI stavan (5) 8. vahI, neminAtha phAga (7) 9. vahI, airavatakSetra caturviMzati gItAni 10. vahI, mRgAvatI-caritra caupAI (1.2.7) 11. vahI, zrI ghaMghANI tIrtha stavanam (4) 12. vahI, zrI neminAtha-rAjimatI stavanam (1) 13. vahI, caubIsI, supArzvajina stavanam (2) 14. vahI, mRgAvatI-caritra-caupAI

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samayasundara kI bhASA vyaMjana parivartana tadbhava zabdoM meM varttamAna samaya meM prayukta zabdoM kI tulanA meM jo vyaJjanoM meM parivartana dRSTigata hote haiM, unameM kucha pramukha parivartana isa prakAra haiM u va caudaha> cavada', gha > ha/ya > na jaghanya jahanna, 3 jJa nya jJAna > nyAna, 5 na Na bhuvanezvara bhuvaNesara, 7 papIhA babbIhA, 1 > bAta > vAta, 11 brahmacarya brahmacarija, 13 nimna vyaJjana - parivartana bhI darzanIya haiM - praNAma paraNAma, 15 naSTana, 18 - ka ya sakala > sayala chaha aMgalUchana> aMgalUhaNa, 4 daya nidAna niyANau, 6 > pa va koTTapAla koTTavAla, ' ba > va talAba > talAva, 10 >ja tiryaMca > tirajaMca 12 za sa zAzvata sAsatAe14 9. vahI, ghaMghANI tIrtha stavanam (3.4) 2 . vahI, cattAri - aTTha-dasa doyapadavicAra garbhita stavanam (6) 3. vahI, cattAriaTThadasadoya padavicAra garbhita stavanam (11) 4. vahI, zrI jJAna paMcamI vRhat stavanam (18) 5. samayasundara kRti kusumAMjali, jJAna paMcamI vRhat stavanam (3) 6. vahI, satraha prakAra jIva alpabahutvagarbhita stavanam (3, 18) 7. vahI, cattAriaTThadasadoyapadavicAra garbhita stavanam (7) 8. vahI, padmAvatI ArAdhanA (14) 9. vahI, zrI caubIsa jina savaiyA (22) 10. vahI, zrI ghaMghANI tIrtha stavanam (2) 11 . vahI, zrI ghaMghANI tIrtha stavanam (1) 12 . vahI, gati - Agati 24 daNDaka vicAra stavanam (5) 13. vahI, zrI jJAnapaMcamI vRhatstavanam (4) 14. vahI, cattAri aTThadasadoyapada vicAragarbhita stavanam (14) 15. vahI, cattAriaTThadasadoyapadavicAra garbhita stavanam (1) 16. vahI, zrI ghaMghANI tIrtha stavanam (4.1) pArzva pAsa, 16 utkRSTa > ukkiTTha, 17 pratyakSa > paratikha 19 hRdaya hIya. 20 17. vahI, cattAri aTThadasadoyapadavicAra garbhita stavanam 18. vahI, cattAri aTThadasadoyapadavicAragarbhita stavanam (11) 19. vahI, satraha prakAra jIva alpabahutva garbhita stavanam (kalaza, 22) 20. vahI, zrAvakadinakRtyakulakam (14) 281

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282 mahopAdhyAya samayasundara : vyaktitva evaM kRtitva kumhakAra > kuMbhAra, yatna > jatanya, svadharmI > sAhamI,3 zaMkha > sAMkha stuti > thui5 vyaMjana-lopanRtya - nRtta pitR/pitu > piu 's' ke lopa kI pravRtti adhikAMzika dekhI jAtI hai| jaise - sthAnaka > thAnaka7 stavana > tavana, sthApanA > thApanA, sneha > neha,10 sthUla > thUla'1 vicArAdhIna bhASA meM parivartanazIlatA sthAna-sthAna para dRSTigata hotI hai| eka hI artha meM aneka zabdoM ke do yA do se adhika rUpa milate haiN| isameM na kevala dhvani parivartana haiM, apitu zabda yA pada meM bhI parivartana ke saMketa dikhAI par3ate haiN| samayasundara kI hindI bhASA meM hue parivartanoM kI yahA~ bahuta vistRta carcA karatI azakya hai| ata: vistArabhaya se yahA~ udAharaNArtha unake saMkhyAvAcaka zabdoM ko hI prastuta kara rahe haiM, jinheM unhoMne bhinna-bhinna prakAra se prayoga kiye haiN| prAyaH sabhI saMkhyAvAcaka zabdoM ke ekAdhika rUpa prApta hote haiN| ina rUpoM meM tatsama, tadbhava evaM dezaja - sabhI prakAra ke rUpa pAye jAte haiM - eka, paDhama, paDimA, prathama, pahilau, tRtIya, triNha, tri, traya, trIjai, triNa, trihu, pahilaM, pahila, iki, ika, ekai, pahilai, trIjau, trai, trihuM, trIjI, trika, trIjo, trIjeM, pihulau, ekala, pahalI, pahilA aadi| traNa, tiNi, tIjai, tIjai, tIjI, tiiju| be, beu, bIjA, bIjI, bajau, duyaM, bIjo, cau, cyAra, cyAri, cyAre, cauthA, catur, bIjI, do, bi, bIjai, bihu~, duga, doya, catura, catta, cattAri, cAri, cauthau, doU~, dvitIya, doi| cauthai, caturtha, cAra, cihu~, cauthI, cauthu, cau, caare| 1. vahI, padmAvatI ArAdhanA (16) 2. vahI, neminAtha gItam (1) 3. vahI, jJAnapaMcamI vRhatstavanam (19) 4. vahI, jJAnapaMcamI vRhatstavanam (8) 5. vahI, jJAnapaMcamI vRhatstavanam (14) 6. vahI, neminAtha phAga (4) 7. zrI ghaMghANI tIrtha stavanam (1) 8. jJAnapaMcamIvRhatstavanam (14) 9. vahI (16) 10. neminAtha gItam (4) 11. puNya chattIsI (19)

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283 samayasundara kI bhASA paMca, pA~ce, pA~camA, pAcamau, pA~camai, paMcama, pA~camA, pAMcavA~, pA~ca, paMcamI, pAcami, pA~cA, paaNcmii| SaT, cha, chaTThau, SaTa, chaTThama, cha?, chaThi, chaTThA, chaha, chai, chava, chaTThI, chtthii| sapta, sAta, sAtamau, satta, sAte, sAtamo, sAtamI, st| ATha, aSTamI, AThe, AThamau, aSTa, aTha, AThamA, aatthmii| navamau, nava, navamI, nvaaN|| daza, dasa, dasamI, dasamAM, dazo, dasamau, dshvaaN| igyAramau, igyAraha, igyAramI, igyAra, gyAraha, gyAra, gyaarmi| bAro, bArasai, bAra, bAraha, bAramAM, baarmu| tera, teramo, terh| caudaha, caudasa, cavadamau, cauda, cavade, caudh| panaraha, panaramau, panara, pnnr| solai, sola, solamau, solamAM, solaha, solai, solasa, solmaa| satara, sttri| aThArai, sar3hAra, aThAraha, atthaar| ugaNIsa, ugnniis| bIsa, vIsa, vIsamau, vIse, viisaa| ikaIsa, ekavIsa, ikavIsa, ekviismaa| bAvIsa, baaviismu| tevIsa, vevIsa, treviisaa| cauvIsa, cauvIsa, cuviisii| pcciis| chbbiis| aTThAvIsa, aThAvIsa, atttthaaviisdd'| guNatIsa, unntiis| trIsa, tiis| battIsa, btriis| tetrIsa, tetrIsai, tetiis| cutriis| pAMtrIsai, pAMtrIsa, paiNtriis| chattIsa, chatrIsa, chttiisii| cAlIsa, cyAlIsA, cyaaliis| ekatAlIsa, iktaaliis| baitAlIsa, baiNtaaliis| cimAlamai cimaaliis| paiNtaaliis| saiMtAlIsa, addh'taaliis| paMcAsa, pcaas| baavn| vepana, tripn| sattAvanna, sattAvana staavn| aThAvanai, add'vn| sATha, saTThi, saatthi| baastth| causaThi, custttthi| paaNstthi| chAsaThi, chaastth| ar3asaTha, atthsttaa| sattari, sittara, sitarA, sttr| ikAMtarai, ekotri| bahutari, bihutarai, bhuttri| tirotarai, tihuuttri| satyotarai, styottri| aTThottara, atttthaaNtr| asI, AsI, aisI, asiyaa| byAsIyai, byaasii|

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284 mahopAdhyAya samayasundara : vyaktitva evaM kRtitva trayAMsI, tiyaasii| sayAM, sai, saI, sau, sai, saya, se, so, caurAsI, caurAsIya, cauraasii| sht| sityAsiyai, sityAsIyau, satyAsIyA, sahasrI, sahasa, hajAra, sahasra, shstr| satyAsIyai, styaasiiyu| lAkha, lakha, lkss| atthyaasiiyaa| koDi, koddii| naiyAsI, navyAsI, navyAsI, niyAsI, akssohinnii| nivaasii| saagr| ekAj, ikaannu| pUrava, puurb| trANuM, tiraannuN| asaMkhya, asNkhyaat| caurANuyai, caurANuM anaMta, anntaa| pNcaannuttre| paa| channU, chnnu| AdhA, adh| satANuyA, sttaannu| pauNa, pauna, punn| aTThANuai, atttthaannue| ar3hAI, addh'iiy| nivANUM, nvaannuN| svaa| sAr3hI (bAraha), sAr3hA, sddh'| 1.4 sindhI bhASA sindhI bhASA kI utpatti paizAcI prAkRta ke brAcar3a apabhraMza se mAnI jAtI hai| sindhI bhASA sindha deza meM bolI jAtI hai| kavivarya samayasundara ne sindha deza meM do-DhAI varSa taka vicaraNa kiyA thaa| isa dIrghakAla meM unheM sindhI kA bhI jJAna ho gayA thaa| yadyapi sindhI unakI mAtRbhASA nahIM thI, tathApi unakI sindhI azuddha nahIM thii| unhoMne sindhI meM racanAe~ bhI likhiiN| zrI Adijina stavanam' aura 'zrI nemijinastavanam' - ye do racanAe~ sindhI meM racita prApta hotI haiN| mRgAvatI-caritra caupAI ke tRtIya khaNDa kI navamI DhAla bhI sindhI bhASA meM praNIta hai| samayasundara kI sindhI meM prAcIna hindI kA AMzika prabhAva avazyameva hai| unakI sindhI, mulatAnI sindhI hai, jo sindhI aura paMjAbI kA mizrita rUpa hai| maIkuM bhAvaMdA he bhaiNA'1 Adi paMktiyA~ mulatAna meM pracalita sindhI bhASA ko hI pradarzita karatI haiN| aise aneka zabda haiM, jo TheTha sindhI bhASA ke hI haiM / ghoTa2 (pati), nehure (sneha) Au/ 1. samayasundara kRti kusumAMjali, zrI nemijinastavanam (1) 2. vahI, zrI nemijina stavanam (6) 3. vahI, zrI nemijina stavanam (8)

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samayasundara kI bhASA 285 Ava' (Ao), miTThAra (mIThA), vaMjA (jAU~), asA (hama) ityAdi zabda Aja bhI sindhI meM pracalita haiN| bhAvaMdA (bhAtA hai),lAvAM (lAU~), maikuM" (mere ko), kItA (kiMyA), caMgI' (acchA) Adi paMjAbI zabdoM kA bhI prayoga huA hai| samayasundara kI sindhI suspaSTa evaM paThana meM ramaNIya hai| 2. bhASA zailI bhASA rUpI upakaraNa ke prayoga kI vidhi kA nAma zailI hai| bhASA aura zailI, donoM anyonyAzrita haiN| bhAva yA vicAra bhASA se anusyUta hokara zailI ke rUpa meM sthira hote haiN| pahale bhAva evaM vicAra udita hote haiM, taba unake anukUla bhASA banatI hai aura usake pazcAt bhASA kI kAyA meM zailI kI prANa-pratiSThA hotI hai| zailI vicAroM ko prakaTa karane kA eka viziSTa DhaMga hai| sAhitya meM, zailI ke dvArA sAhityakAra athavA lekhaka kI prabhAvotpAdakatA tathA utkRSTatA kA mUlyAMkana hotA hai| zailI vastutaH lekhaka ke mastiSka aura vyaktitva kI muhara hai| DaoN0 je0 brAuna ne likhA hai ki yadi bhAva sonA hai, to zailI muhara hai, jo ise pracalana yogya banAtI hai aura yaha batAtI hai ki kisa rAjA ne ise mudrita kiyA hai|10 zailI kA astitva vastutaH isameM nihita hai ki yaha prabhAvapUrNa ho| ucita sthala para ucita zabdoM kA prayoga- yahI zailI kI prabhAvikatA kI pahacAna hai| paurvAtya evaM pAzcAtya rItizAstriyoM ne zailI ke bhinna-bhinna prakAroM kA ullekha kiyA hai| unhoMne zailiyoM ke vargIkaraNa ke lie vividha AdhAra banAye haiM; lekina vAstavika dRSTi se zailiyA~ ananta haiM, abhivyakti ke mArga aneka haiM / AcArya daMDI ne kahA hai, astyeneko girAM mArga: sUkSma bhedaH prsprm| 11 yadyapi daMDI svayaM zailI ke bheda kahate haiM, tathApi ve kahate haiM ki inameM kavibheda se ananta avAntara prabheda ho sakate haiM aura una 1. vahI, zrI Adijina stavanam (7) 2. vahI, zrI Adijina stavanam (2) 3. vahI, zrI Adijina stavanam (8) 4. vahI, mRgAvatIcaritra-caupAI (3.9.2) 5. samayasundara kRti kusumAMjali, zrI nemijina stavanam (1) 6. vahI, zrI Adijina stavanam (2) 7. vahI, zrI nemijina stavanam (1) 8. vahI, mRgAvatIcaritra-caupAI (2.9.1) 9. vahI, zrI Adijina stavanam (5) 10. speyara Avarja, tharDa sirIja, pRSTha 277 11. kAvyAdarza, 1.40

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286 mahopAdhyAya samayasundara : vyaktitva evaM kRtitva bhedoM kA kathana karanA azakya hai| vAstava meM vizva meM jitane sAhityakAra hoMge, utanI hI zailiyA~ hoNgii| paristhiti, pAtra, vyaktitva, aura lakSya ke anusAra usakI zailI bhI badalatI rhegii| phira bhI, zailiyoM kA vargIkaraNa hotA rahA hai| mahopAdhyAya samayasundara apane yuga ke mahAn sAhityakAra the| isa eka hI vyaktitva ne apanI sAhityika kRtiyoM meM aneka zailiyA~ apnaaiiN| unakI bhASA-zailI ko kisI vizeSa zailI meM samAhita nahIM kiyA jA sktaa| unakA sAhitya bahu AyAmI hai / ataH svAbhAvika hai ki unakI zailiyA~ bhI vividha hoN| ve sadaiva paristhiti, pAtra, lakSya Adi ke anukUla zailI apanAte haiM aura usameM yathAnukUla evaM yathAnurUpa parivartana kara lete haiM / kavivarya samayasundara kI bhASA-zailI ramaNIya, AkarSaka evaM prabhAvotpAdaka hai| adhikAMzatayA unakI racanAoM kI zailI sarala hai| yadyapi kucheka racanAoM meM zailI kI durUhatA bhI dRSTigocara hotI hai, lekina isakA abhiprAya yaha nahIM hai ki ve racanAe~ acchI nahIM haiM / unameM bhI AkarSaNa hai| vastutaH saralatA tathA durUhatA, zailI ke utkarSa - apakarSa ko AMkane hetu upayogI pratimAna nahIM bana sakate haiN| koI racanA sarala hokara bhI nIrasa evaM prabhAva-rahita ho sakatI hai, to dUsarI jaTila evaM masRNa bhASA meM hokara bhI prabhUta AkarSaka ho sakatI hai / ataH kRtikAra kI bhASA-zailI kitanI sarala hai aura kitanI durUha hai, yaha bAta adhika mahattvapUrNa nahIM hai / mahattva to isa bAta kA hotA hai ki prayukta zailI manogata bhAvoM ko saMpreSita karane meM kitanI saphala huI hai? isa dRSTi se paM0 samayasundara kI bhASA-zailI ko saphala kaha sakate haiN| sAmAnyatayA unakI zailI sarala evaM zIghrabodhagamya hai / jo racanAe~ durUha haiM, ve zleSapradhAna, artha- gaurava se saMvalita, utprekSAyukta aura akSarADambara se maNDita haiN| unakI kucheka racanAoM meM durUhatA kA jo samAveza huA hai, usakA mukhya kAraNa hai, pANDitya - pradarzana / sambhavata: unhoMne yaha bhI cAhA hogA ki durUha jJAna kI mazAla bujhe nahIM aura Ane vAlI pIr3hiyoM taka bhI use pahu~cAyA jAye / astu / mahAkavi samayasundara ke samagra sAhitya meM mukhyataH tIna zailiyoM ke darzana hote haiM2.1 gadya zailI / - 2.2 padya zailI 2.3 gadya-padya mizrita zailI 1. iti mArgadvaya bhinnaM ttsvruupniruupnnaat| tadbhedAstu na zakyante vaktuM pratikavisthitAH // - kAvyAdarza, (1.101 ) 2. expression of thought must vary with varieties of mind, and therefore.... every writer must have his own manner of expression, - Graham, English style (London), P. 156. ...

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287 samayasundara kI bhASA 2.1 gadya-zailI bolacAla kI bhASA meM likhane kA yaha vaha prakAra hai, jisameM alaMkAra, mAtrA, varNa, laya Adi ke bandhana kA vicAra nahIM hotaa| kavi samayasundara ne gadya-zailI meM pracura sAhitya likhA hai| unakA arddhAdhika sAhitya isI zailI se nibaddha hai| unakI gadya-zailI sarvatra sarala aura aucityapUrNa hai| yaha bolacAla kI zailI se na to bahuta dUra hai aura na bahata nikaTa hii| kavi kI gadya-zailI meM jitanI saralatA aura spaSTatA hai, vaha unakI padya zailI meM nahIM hai| isameM to ve apane varNya-viSaya se sIdhe jur3a jAte haiM aura prasAdamayI sarala bhASA meM apane vicAroM ko sahaja rUpa se abhivyakta kara dete haiN| padya kA bAhya zabdajAla, kalpanA kI ur3Ana Adi unake gadya meM nahIM hai| samayasundara usI bhASA-zailI ko pasanda karate haiM, jo pAThaka ke lie durbodhya na ho| isIlie ve dArzanika granthoM kI jaTila viSaya-vastu ko bhI sarala se saralatara rUpa meM prastuta karate haiN| yadi ve kisI anya grantha se uddharaNa uddhRta karate haiM aura vaha durbodhya athavA sAmAnya bhI kaThina hai, to usakI ve svayaM vyAkhyA kara dete haiN| yaha ThIka hai ki padya ko kalAtmaka mAnA gayA hai, kintu gadyalekhana kI apanI vizeSatA hai| gadya-lekhana ko kaviyoM kI kasauTI kahA hai| gadya sundara ho to, vaha padya kI apekSA adhika Avarjaka hotA hai| samayasundara kA gadya lekhana do prakAra kA hai - 1. zAstrIya gadya aura 2. sAhityika gadya / darzana viSayaka granthoM meM prApya gadya ko zAstrIya gadya aura sAhityika granthoM ke gadya ko sAhityika gadya kaha sakate haiN| kula milAkara gadya-zailI meM mahopAdhyAya samayasundara ne nimnalikhita granthoM kI racanA kI hai1. aSTalakSI 2. cAturmAsika vyAkhyAna 3. kAlikAcArya-kathA 4. zrAvakArAdhanA 5. samAcArI-zataka 6. vizeSa-zataka 7. vicAra-zataka 8. yati-ArAdhanA 9. vizeSa-saMgraha 10. dIkSA-pratiSThA-zuddhi 11. visaMvAda-zataka 12. kharataragaccha-paTTAvalI 13. kathA-koza 14. sArasvata rahasya 15. rUpakamAlA-vRtti 16. duriyara stotra-vRtti 17. kalpalatA 18. jayatihuaNa-vRtti | 19. bhaktAmara subodhinI vRtti 20. navatattva zabdArtha-vRtti 21. dazavaikAlika vRtti 22. saMdeha dolAvalI paryAya 23. raghuvaMza vRtti 24. vRtta-ratnAkara-vRtti 225. saptasmaraNa vRtti 26. kalyANamandira-vRtti

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288 mahopAdhyAya samayasundara : vyaktitva evaM kRtitva 27. daNDaka-vRtti 28. vAgbhaTTAlaMkAra-vRtti 29. kalyANamandira-vRtti 30. cattAri-paramaMgANi-vyAkhyA 31. meghadUta - prathama zloka 32. mAgha-kAvya-vRtti 33. liMgAnuzAsana-cUrNi 34. RSimaNDala-TippaNa 35. verathaya-vRtti 36. meghadUta-vRtti 37. kumArasambhava-vRtti 38. SaDAvazyaka-bAlAvabodha 39. dIvAlIkalpa-bAlAvabodha 2.2 padya zailI padya chandobaddha racanA kA nAma hai| isa zailI meM nibaddha racanAe~ padoM arthAt kAvya ke rUpa meM haiN| samayasundara mahAna kavi the| unakI padya-zailI praur3ha evaM samRddha hai| unake padya-sAhitya meM jo vizeSatAe~ prApta hotI haiM, ve haiM - saralatA, spaSTatA, prabhAvotpAdakatA, pravAhazIlatA aura lyaatmktaa| unakI padya-zailI kA eka aura jo mahattvapUrNa guNa yA tattva hai, vaha hai audaaty| isase unakI padya-zailI bhI bhavya aura cittAkarSaka banI hai| saMkSepa meM, kavipravara samayasundara kI padya zailI Avarjaka evaM sahRdayagrAhI hai| vaha samasta sAhityika tattvoM se sampRkta hai| isa zailI meM likhane ke lie unhoMne saMskRta. prAkRta, prAcIna hindI, sindhI Adi bhASAoM ko mAdhyama banAyA hai| kavi kI nimnalikhita kRtiyA~ padya-zailI meM praNIta haiM - 1. bhAvazataka 2. RSabha bhaktAmara 3. vIra 27 bhava 4. maMgalavAda 5. zrI jinasiMhasUri padotsava 6. caubIsI 7. caubIsa jina-gurunAmagarbhitastotra 8. alpabahutvagarbhitastava 9. zAMba-pradyumna-caupAI 10. dAnAdi cauDhAliyA 11. cAra pratyekabuddha-rAsa 12. mRgAvatI-caupAI 13. siMhalasutapriyamelaka-rAsa 14. puNyasAra -rAsa 15. naladamayantI-caupAI 16. sItArAma-caupAI 17. valkalacIrI-rAsa 18. zatruJjaya-rAsa 19. vastupAla-tejapAla rAsa 20. thAvaccAsuta-caupAI 21. viharamAna vIsI stavana 22. kSullakakumAra-rAsa 23. caMpakazreSThi-caupAI 24. gautamapRcchA-caupAI 25. dhanadatta caupAI 26. sAdhuvaMdanA 27. airavata kSetra-caubIsI 28. puMjaratna RSi-rAsa 29. kezI-pradezI-prabandha 30. draupadI-caupAI

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289 samayasundara kI bhASA 31. kSamA-chattIsI 32. karma-chattIsI 33. puNya-chattIsI 34. santoSa-chattIsI 35. duSkAla-varNana-chattIsI 36. savaiyA-chattIsI aura lagabhaga 500 phuTakara giit| 2.3 gadya-padya mizrita zailI ___ mahopAdhyAya samayasundara kI 'kAlikAcArya kathA' Adi racanAe~ gadya zailI meM nibaddha hote hue bhI padya mizrita hai| yadyapi kavi ne aisI koI racanA nahIM likhI jo Adyanta gadya-padya mizrita zailI meM ho, lekina una racanAoM ke antargata aise aneka gadyAMza hai, jo isa zailI se prabhAvita hoN| aise gadhoM meM kavi ne kucha bhAva yA bhAvanAe~ aisI kavitvapUrNa sundaratA se vyakta kI haiM ki unameM kAvya kI-sI saMvedanazIlatA tathA sarasatA A gaI hai| udAharaNArtha eka gadyAMza uddhRta hai - anekagaNanAyaka daNDanAyaka maNDalIka mahAmaNDalIka sAmanta mahAsAmanta caurAsiyA, muhatA mugaTavarddhaka saMdhipAla dUtapAla saigaraNA vaigaraNA devagaraNA yamagaraNA saMdhivigrahI seTha senApati sArthavAha vyavahAriyA aMgarakSaka purohita vRttinAyaka bhAravAhaka thaIyAyata paDupaDiyAyata TAkaTamAlI indrajAlI phUlamAlI yantravAdI tantravAdI mantravAdI dharmavAdI jyotirvAdI dhanurvAdI daMDadhara khaGgadhara dhanurdhara cAmaradhara dIvAdhara pustakadhara pratIhAra khabaradAra gajapAla azvapAla aGgamardaka ArakSaka sAcAbolA kathAbolA guNabolA samasyAbolA sAhityabaMdhaka lakSaNabaMdhaka chandabandhaka alaGkArabandhaka nATakabandhaka gItabandhaka ityAdi vrnnkviraajitaa| Upara hamane mahAkavi samayasundara kI tIna mukhya bhASA-zailiyoM kA saMkSipta ullekha kiyA hai| cUMki racanA ke varNya-viSaya Adi para bhI zailI kA svarUpa avalambita hotA hai, ataH usakI bhI carcA karanA nitAnta aparihArya hai| ina vividha zailiyoM ke AdhAra para hI unakI gadya-padya zailI ko pariSkRta anuzIlanAtmaka DhaMga se prastuta kiyA jA sakatA hai| vivecya sAhitya meM jina zailiyoM ke darzana hote haiM, ve isa prakAra haiM - 2.4 tArkika zailI samAcArI-zataka, vizeSa-zataka, visaMvAda-zataka, vicAra-zataka jaise vizAlakAya grantha isI zailI meM Alekhita haiN| isa zailI meM paNDita samayasundara kisI tathya, dhAraNA, vicAra, vizvAsa Adi kI satyatA jA~cane ke lie athavA usake samarthana yA virodha meM koI tathyapUrNa yuktisaMgata tathA suvicArita bAta kahate haiN| ve pratyeka bAta ko tarka-vitarka ke dvArA gaharAI se prastuta karate haiN| ve apane vivecya viSaya ke antastala taka pahu~ca jAnA cAhate haiM, tAki samyak niSkarSa nikala ske| 1. kAlikAcArya-kathA, pRSTha 199 For

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mahopAdhyAya samayasundara : vyaktitva evaM kRtitva kavivara kI tArkika zailI itanI saTIka evaM akATya hai ki usakA pratipakSI . niruttara ho jAtA hai / udAharaNArtha - > nanu - ye ekatriMzad dvAtriMzadvA siddhAntAn mAnayanti na paJcacatvAriMzat te svamAnitasiddhAntA'nuktAnyapi karttavyAni kurvanti na vA ? ucyate - zataza: kurvanti, tatasteSAM pratyakSaM vacanokto virodhaH, tatrArthe te praSTavyA itthaM bhoH / zrAvakA namaskArAn guNayanti tat kasmin siddhAnte proktamasti ? zrAvakANAM sAMprataM kriyamANapratikramaNAdividhyanukramaH kriyate tat kasmin? zrAvakairmukhavastrikA gRhyate tat kasmin 0 ? sAdhubhiH pustakAdIni rakSyante tat kasmin 0? ogha 1. kalpa 2. colapaTTaka 3. mukhavastrikA 4. mAnaM kriyate tat kasmin ? pAtrakANAM lepanaM tat kasmin? alaselarogAdikUpikA rakSyate tat kasmin 0 ? tripaNe davarako dIyate tat kasmin 0? jholikAyAM granthiH pradIyate tat kasmin 0 ? gocarIgamane vAmabAhau jholikA sthApyate tat kasmin 0? sAdhvAdibhirmukhavastrikAM pAzakadavarakAbhyAM karNayordhAryate tat kasmin 0? zrAvakA yadA vandante tadA sAdhubhirhuGkAraH kriyate tat kasmin 0? paTIprAvaraNe vAmaskandhe Adriyate, dakSiNa udghATito rakSyate tat kasmin ? oghe urNAdidazikA, badhyante tat kasmin 0 ? tripaNe kaNThako badhyate tat kasmin ? kaTau sAdhubhirdavarako badhyate tat kasmin0? maSIbhAjanaM rakSyate tat kasmin 0 ? gocAroM kurvatAM (paryaTatAM ) sAdhUnAM pazcAd gRhasthA bhramanti tat kasmin0 AryAH sAdhUn ApRcchya viharaNArthaM yAnti tat kasmin 0 AryANAmupakaraNAni mAnopetAni kriyante tat kasmin 0 ? pAnIyaM prAsukaM kiyat kAlaM tiSThati tat kasmin 0 ? pakvAnnaM kiyatkAlamavinaSTaM sattiSThati tat kasmin 0 ? chimpakAdidhautavastradhAvanaM gRhyate tat kasmin 0 ? jinapratimAvandanapUjAdInAM zrAvakANAM pratyAkhyAnaM kAryate tat kasmin 0 ? caitrAzvinamAsayoH asvAdhyAyo gaNyate sUtrapaThanAdo tat kasmin 0? zrAvakA ekAdazapratimAM vinA bhikSAM yAcante tat kasmin 0 ? zrAvakAH pratikramaNAdi kurvantaH prathamamIryApathikIM pratikramanti tat kasmin 0? zrAvakaiH karemi bhante ! ityAdi daNDakoccAraNaM kriyate tat kasmin0 ? IryApathikI tassottarI-lokasyomdyotakaravandakaprabhRtInAM pAThaH kathyate tat kasmin0 ? pratyAkhyAne AkArAH kathyante tat kasmin? zrAvakaiH vaMdittusUtraM pratikramaNe kathyate tat kasmin 0 ? pratikramaNAdikriyAM kurvadbhiH zrAvakaiH upavezanotthAnAdikAyaceSTA kriyate tat kasmin 0? ucchiSTAnnaM gRhyate tat kasmin 0? zrAvakaizcolapaTTako mriyate tat kasmin 0 ? zeSakAle pIThaphalaka paTTikAparibhogaH kriyate tat kasmin0? sAdhuzrAddhAnAM AlocanAdiM prAyazcitaM ca pradIyate tat kasmin 0? poSadhAdigrahaNa-pAraNavidhiH sAmprataM vidhIyate tat kasmin 0 ? sAmAyika daNDake duvihaM tiviheNamityevAsti siddhAnte, na tu maNeNamityAdiyuktiH paraM sAmprataM kriyate tat kasmin0 ? kAyamukhavastrikAdInAM paJcaviMzatiH pratilekhanA kriyate tata kasmin 0? sAdharmikANAM haste gRhe vA khaNDapuTakAH pradIyante drammAdInAM vA lambhanikA kriyate tat kasmin 0? 290

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samayasundara kI bhASA 291 zrIparyuSaNAparvaNi lokasamakSaM chedagrantharUpaM zrI kalpasUtraM vAcyate tat kasmin? laukikaTippanakopari dIkSAmuhurta gaNyate, dvAdazamAsavRddhyA paryuSaNAparva kriyate tat kasmin? navyopAzrayAH kAryante tat kasmin? anyagacchAd udgrAhya yadAtmIyaH zrAvakaH kriyate tadA pUrva devapUjAzatruJjayAdiyAtrAkaraNasya mithyAduSkRtaM dApyate tat kasmin0? tailacUrNAdimadhye vastrAdi malinAni kriyante tat kasmin? evaM zataza: karttavyAni kriyamANAni dRzyante, aada rahasyam-yeSu AgameSu etAni santi te AgamAstairna manyante, manyamAnAgateSu na santi tAni, tato yadi etAni taiH kriyaste, tadA etadgarbhitA AgamA api mAnanIyAH, no cedetAni kAryANi na karaNIyAni tathA yAni duSTAcaraNAni kriyante tAni kasmin granthe proktAni santi? Upara varNita udAharaNa meM jo loga paiMtAlIsa AgamoM ko nahIM mAnate haiM, unase 45 prazna kiye gaye haiM aura yaha pUchA gayA hai ki ve jina kriyAoM ko karate haiM, unakA unake dvArA svIkRta battIsa AgamoM meM kahIM nirdeza nahIM hai, phira ve unheM kisa AdhAra para karate haiM? yadi ve una kriyAoM ko anya Agamika granthoM ke AdhAra para karate haiM, to unheM una Agama-granthoM ko bhI svIkAra karanA caahie| isa taraha hama dekhate haiM ki samayasundara ke akATya tarkoM dvArA yaha siddha karane kA prayAsa kiyA hai ki ve (mukhyataH sthAnakavAsI) jina AdhAroM para ina mAnyatAoM ko svIkRta karate haiM, unake hI AdhArabhUta granthoM ko asvIkAra karanA unake lie ucita nahIM hai| astu! tArkika zailI ke antargata hama samayasundara kI usa zailI ko bhI svIkAra karate haiM, jisameM ve kisI tarka athavA dhAraNA ke satyAsatya pakSa para vicAra karane ke lie granthoM ke pramANa athavA Agamika vacana prastuta karate haiM / isa zailI meM ve kisI tarka yA prazna kA uttara saMkSepa meM sabase pahale apanI ora se de dete haiM aura bAda meM apane tarka yA uttara kI puSTi va prAmANikatA ke lie zAstrIya uddhrnn| isa zAstrIya uddharaNoM kA prastutikaraNa kahIM-kahIM to itanA adhika vistRta hotA hai ki kevala una zAstroM ke nAmoM kI eka lambI sUcI bana jAtI hai| aise prakaraNoM kI zailI vyAsazailI-sI lagatI hai| samAcArIzataka prabhRti granthoM meM aise aneka prakaraNa haiM, jisameM eka tarka kI siddhi ke lie pacAsoM granthoM-zAstroM kA mata diyA gayA hai| samayasundara kI isa tArkika paddhati ke avalokana hetu nimnAMkita paMktiyA~ darzanIya haiM - nanu - ke'pi pravadanti mithyAdRSTivinirmitabhAratatarkavyAkaraNakAvyAdInAM paThane mithyAzrutatvAt mithyAtvaM jAyate tataH samyagdRSTibhinaM paThanIyam iti tat satyam itarat vA? ucyate tadavaco satyam eva sambhAvyate, mithyA zrutasyApi samyagdRSTiparigRhItatvena samyakzrutatvena bhaNanAt tathA ca paJcaliMgivivaraNepi uktaM tathAhi - 1. samAcArI-zataka, 45

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292 mahopAdhyAya samayasundara : vyaktitva evaM kRtitva aMgANaMgapaviTTaM sammasuyaM loiyaM tu ittha micchasuyaM / Asajjau sAmitaM loiyaloguttare bhayaNA // vyAkhyA - * iha aGgapraviSTam AcArAdizrutam anaGgapraviSTaM tu AvazyakAdizrutam, etad dvitIyamapi svAmitvacintAyAnirapekSaM svabhAvena samyak zrutaM, laukikaM tu bhAratAdi prakRtyA mithyA zrutaM svAmitvam AsAdhu svAmitvacintAyAM, punarlaukike bhAratAdau, lokottare ca AcArAdau bhajanA vikalpanA avaseyA, samyagdRSTiparigRhItaM bhAratAdi api samyak zrutaM sAvadya bhASitva bhavahetutvAdi yathAvasthitattvarUpabodhato viSayabhAgena yojanAt, mithyAdRSTiparigRhItaM tu AcArAdi api mithyAzrutam ayathAvasthitabodhato vaiparItyena yojanAt iti bhaavaarthH| iti samyaktvaparigRhItaM sarva bhAratAdi api samyak zrutam / iti // yaduktaM tathA tacca samyaktvaM paJcaghA bhavati ittham eva zrIAvazyakavRhavRtau sAmAyikanikSepAdhikArepi uktaM tathApi sarvam eva samyakdRSTiparigRhItaM parasamayasambandhi api samyak zrutameva tasya svasamayopakAritvAd iti / punarapi zrI nandisUtrame tat sAkSibhUtaM tathAhi se kiM taM sammasuyaM jaM imaM arahaMtehi bhagavaMtehi uppannaNANadaMsaNadharehiM tilokkanirikkhiyamahiyapUi ehiM aiapaccUpaNaM aNAgayajANaehiM savvannUhiM savvadarisIhiM paNIyaM duvAlasaMgaM gaNipiMDagaM AyAro jAva diTThivAo icceiyAI duvAlasuyaM gaNipiDagaM cauddasapuvvissa sammasuyaM abhinnadasa puvissa sammasuyaMti // se taM sammasuyaM se kiM taM micchasuyaM jaM imaM annANiehiM micchadiTThihiM sacchaMda buddhimayavigappiyaM, navaraM rAmAyaNaM - bhArahaM bhImAsurukkakoDillayaM sagaDabhaddiyAo khoDaguhaM kappAsiyaM nAgasuhamAkaNagasatarIvayasesiyaM buddhavayaNaM visiyaM kAvilalogAyitaM saTThitaM taM mADharaM porANaM vAyaraNaM nADagAI athavA bAvattarikalAocattAriveyANaM saMgovaMgANaM eyAi micchadiTThissa michittapariggahiyAI micchasuyaM eyANi ceva sammadiTThissa samattapariggahiyAi sammasuyaM, ahavA micchadiTThissa vi sammasuyaM kamhA sammattahetuttaNao jahA te micchadiTThiNo tehiM ceva gamaehiM coiyAsamANAsapakkhe diTThAu vamaMti sAmprataM na kevalaM svasamaya eva mayA lekhanIyaH kiM tarhi paravyAkaraNAdyavabodham paratarkAdInAm avagamaM ca vinA sAmpratikAnAM mandamatitayA svasamasyApi durbodhatvAd azakyasamarthanatvAcca paravyAkaraNAnyapi sAdhukRte lekhanIyAni / tathA pAThakasAdhUnAM vasatyAdyupaSTambhena pustakadAnena ca kutIrthyA jaryatAm Agate pravacane bhavyasattvabodhopi madabhisandhitsitaH sampatsyate iti cUticantAM gAthApaJcakena Aha 'chaddarisaNagAhA' jina saugata- sAMkhyajaimanIya naiyAyika lokAyatikamatabhedAt SaDdarzanAni pravAdAsteSAM tarkAH tattanmatavyavasthApaka nipramANazAstrANi tadbhidaH tad rahasyAbhijJA: kutIrthikAnAM dvijAtInAM siddhAntAH zrutismRtipurANAdayaH tajjJAyakAstakuzalAH dhaNiyaM, nitAntAM paratIrthikAnAM tarka siddhAntAvabodhaM hi binA pratipakSavikSepeNa svapakSasamarthanA yogAt, aitena svasamayaparasamayavidaste ityuktaM bhavani, na ca parasamayAnAM mithyAtvAGkitatvAt

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samayasundara kI bhASA 293 samyagdRzAntatpATho na saMgacchate iti vAcyaM, samyagdRSTiparigraheNa teSAmapi tuSTatvapradarzanena svasamaya vyavasthApanayA samIcInatvAbhidhAnAt, yaduktaM 'parasamao ubhayaM vA sammaddissi sasamao ceva yata evaM vidhA evaM jinAgamasAdhanasamarthAH tattasmAt teSAM sAdhUnAM kAraNe iti nimittaM sarvam eva sakalameva svaparazAstravRndam, iha pravacane, bhavati yujyate, lekhanIyaM pustakeSunivezyam ityarthogAthAyAH // evaM zrI haribhadrasUrikRtAvazyakabRhadvRttau api zrutajJAnAdhikAre proktaM tathA samyak zrutam aGganaGgapraviSTam AcArAvazyakAdi, tathA mithyA zrutaM purANarAmAyaNa bhAratAdi sarvameva vA darzanaparigravizeSAt samyak zrutam itarayaM teNa paraM bhinnabhayaNAhiM savvannUhi savvadarisIhiM paNIyaM duvAlasaMga gaNipiDagaM AyAro jAva diTThivAo icceiyAI duvAlasaMgANi gaNipiDagaM cauddassapuvvissaM sammasuyaM abhinnadasapuvvissa sammasuyaM ti' mithyAzrutaM bhAratAdisamyagdRSTigRhItaM samyak zrutam bhavati iti / 1 samayasundara kI ukta tArkika zailI meM eka hI tarka ke pratipAdana ke lie ekAdhika pramANoM kA ullekha kiyA gayA hai| uparyukta paMktiyoM meM unhoMne yaha siddha kiyA hai ki mithyAdRSTi se viracita granthoM kA bhI adhyayana yadi samyagdRSTi se kiyA jAe, to usase adhyetA ko koI nukasAna nahIM hotA hai / 2.5 anekArthI zailI / zabda, rUpa, padabandha aura vAkya kabhI to ekArthI hote haiM aura kabhI anekArthI / mahApaNDita samayasundara kI racanAe~ ekArthI to sabhI haiM, lekina kucheka aisI bhI haiM, jo ekAdhikArthI haiM / unakI zleSa evaM yamaka pradhAna racanAe~ anekArthI zailI meM hI nibaddha haiN| aisI racanAoM ke praNayana kA uddezya hI zabda, rUpa, vAkya Adi kI bahuarthatA ko udghATita karanA hai / yadyapi sAmAnya bhASA ke lie anekArthatA avaguNa hai, parantu kAvya bhASA ke lie vahI guNa hai / bhASA sambandhI camatkAra to anekArthatA se hI hotA hai / samayasundara bhASA kI sArthaka ikAiyoM ke aneka artha prastuta karane meM mahAkuzala the| aSTalakSI grantha isa bAta kA sabala pramANa hai / isa grantha ke granthakAra ne 'rAjA no dadate saukhyam' - isa aSTAkSarIya vAkya ke aSTalakSAdhika artha kiye hai, jo ki anekArthI zailI meM viracita granthoM meM advitIya evaM Azcaryajanaka hai| unhoMne yaha anekArthatA aneka mAdhyamoM se kI hai| jaise zabdoM kI bhinnasrotatA, bhinnaghaTakatA, bhinnArthI pratyaya, abhaMga evaM sabhaMga padazleSa aadi| yaha anekArthatA zabdastarIya bhI hai aura vAkyastarIya bhI / pratIka, anyokti aura samAsokti ke mAdhyama se bhI ekAdhika artha hue haiN| yahA~ hama vistAra bhaya se vividha udAharaNa na dete hue kevala eka hI udAharaNa dete haiM, 'rAjA no dadate saukhyam' / isa paMkti ke granthakAra ne jo ATha lAkha artha kie haiM, ve sabhI artha dene to yahA~ asambhava haiM, phira bhI katipaya artha draSTavya haiM - 1. vizeSazatakam (18)

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294 mahopAdhyAya samayasundara : vyaktitva evaM kRtitva 1. rAjA no dadate saukhym| rAjA-nRpatiH naH asmabhyaM asmAkaM (vA) saukhyaM-sukhaM ddte| idaM surkssitprjaavcnm|| 139 // 2. rAjA no dadate saukhym| 'sAvitrIbhAvitA rAjA, visRjo vighRNo virAT / saptArci: saptaturaga sptloknmskRt:|| iti zrI skandapurANe zrI sUryasahasranAmAntarbhaNitvAd rAjAe zrI sUryaH naH - asmAkaM saukhyaM-sukhaM ddte-ddaati| idaM zrI sUryadevatAbhaktajanAnaM vcnm||1|| 3. rAjA a: no dadate saukhym| 'aH syAdarhati siddhe ca viSNAvapi' iti vacanAt aH - arhan naH - asmabhyaM saukhyaM ddte| kiM viziSTa : a? 'rAjA' svAmI, trijtprbhurityrthH| idaM jainvcH| 4. rA-AjA no adadata iisaukhym|| rA-paryAveNa shriiH| 'a zive kezave vAyau' iti vizvazambhUvacanAd aM -vAyu ajati-kSipati dhAtUnAmanekArthatvAt bhakSatIti aci AjaH-sarpastena A-zobhA yasya sa aajaaH| zrI (rA) pUrvakaH AjAH zrI (rA) AjA:- zrIpArzvanAthaH, srplaanychnaat| sa naH -asmAkam Isaukhyam adadata / iti cturtho'rthH| sarve // 99 // 5. rA A-jA no dadate saukhym| A-brahmA tasyA jA putrI AjA- sarasvatI na:-asmAkaM saukhyaM dadate / kiM0 AjA? rA zobhamAnA // 113 // 6. lA ja ! A no dadate saukhym| 'lA ca lakSmIrlamambare' iti vizvazambhu (zlo0 104) vacanAt laa-lkssmiiH| he ja! he jetRpuruSa! A iti smbodhne| naH asmabhyaM 1 asmAkaM 2 vA saukhyaM asaukhyaM vA 2 dadate / idaM bheginAM yoginAM ca vacanam // 4 // sarve0 // 819 7. R- A- ajA no dadate asaukhym|| R: - meSastam A-sAmastyena ajanti kSipantIti ratve kRte rAjA:- siMhAdayaH naH - asmAkam asaukhyaM dadate idaM mRgANAM vcnm|| 34 // 2 2.6 saMvAda-zailI samayasundara ke kAvyoM meM saMvAda-zailI ke bhI darzana hote haiN| unake kAvyoM meM aise aneka sthala haiM, jahAM ve do athavA do se adhika pAtroM meM paraspara vArtAlApa karAte haiN| 1. mameti zeSaH ityadhika ka-pAThazcintanIya tasyApi sambhazcet sarasvatI no-na asaukhyaM dadate iti paatthH| 2. anekArtha ratna maMjUSA, artharatnAvalI, (aSTalakSI) *.

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samayasundara kI bhASA 295 yoM to unakI samasta racanAoM meM yaha zailI avatarita huI hai, lekina katipaya racanAe~ aisI haiM, jinameM isa zailI kI pradhAnatA hai athavA ve isI zailI meM viracita haiM / 'thAvaccAsuta riSi caupAI' ko hama saMvAda - zailI ke antargata rakheMge, kyoMki usameM isI kI pramukhatA hai| isameM mAtA thAvaccA apane putra thAvaccAsuta ko dIkSA grahaNa na karane ke lie vividha prakAra se samajhAtI hai, saMyamamArga kI kaThoratA kA vistRta varNana karatI hai aura putra saMsAra kI asAratA ko savistAra prastuta karatA hai / isI sambandha meM thAvaccAsuta kA kRSNa ke sAtha bhI saMvAda hotA hai| isI taraha isa racanA meM zukra parivrAjaka kA thAvaccAsuta RSi ke sAtha AhAra caryA, kriyA ityAdi ke saMbaMdha meM vArttAlApa huA / ye saMvAda vistRta hone ke sAtha-sAtha AkarSaka bhI haiN| isa zailI se hI kRti meM prANa AyA hai| 'dAna - zIla- tapa-bhAva-saMvAda zataka' nAmaka racanA saMvAda zailI meM hI nibaddha hai / yaha racanA Arambha se anta taka isI zailI meM vyAkhyAyita hai / dAna, zIla, tapa aura bhAva - cAroM svayaM ko dUsare se zreSTha siddha karane ke lie Atma-prazaMsA karate haiM, paranindA karate haiN| cAroM ke saMvAda vistArapUrvaka haiM / isI taraha taraha 'kezI - pradezI - prabandha' bhI isI zailI meM Abaddha hai| ye saMvAda praznottararUpa meM haiM, jo zramaNa kezI evaM rAjA pradezI ke bIca hote haiN| kezI pradezI ke saghana saMzayoM tathA ulajhe vikalpoM kA sahI samAdhAna prastuta karate haiM / isa kRti meM nibaddha choTemoTe evaM vyasthita saMvAda isa zailI ke utkRSTa namUne haiN| yahI kAraNa hai ki yaha kRti dArzanika hote hue bhI zIghrabodhagamya hai / samayasundara ke phuTakara gItoM meM bhI isa zailI ke darzana hote haiN| udAharaNArtha eka laghu gIta prastuta hai -- - jIva pratikAyA kahara, munai muki kAM samajhAvai re / mai aparAdha na ko kiyau, priyu ko samajhAvai re // rAti divasa torI rAgiNI, rAkhuM hRdaya majhAri re / sItA hU~ sahu sahUM, tUM chai prANa AdhAra re // prItar3I vAlaMbha pAliyai, navi dIjiyai cheha re / kaThina hiyuM navi kIjiyai, kIjai suguNa saneha re // jIva kahai kAyA prati, amha ko nahIM dosa re / khi rAcai viracai khiNa, tenahau kirsIya bharosa re // kArimau rAga kAyA taNau, kUTa kapaTa nivAsa re / guNa avaguNa jAnai nahIM, rahai citta udAsa re // 1 1. samayasundara kRti kusumAMjali, jIva kAyA gItam (1-5)

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296 mahopAdhyAya samayasundara : vyaktitva evaM kRtitva 2.7 dRSTAnta-zailI viSaya-vastu ke suspaSTa vivecana ke lie dRSTAnta-zailI ati lAbhadAyaka hai| isake dvArA vAcaka ko vAcyArtha AsAnI se hRdayaMgama ho sakatA hai| kavi samayasundara kI pratipAdana-zailI dRSTAntamayI bhI hai| ve apane pAThaka kI bauddhika kSamatA se paricita the| ataH tvarita bodhagamyatA ke liye unhoMne vividha dRSTAntoM, upamAoM, udAharaNoM Adi kA sahArA liyaa| unakI pratipAdana-zailI meM dRSTAntoM kA prayoga vAstava meM maNi-kAMcana kA yoga hai| adhikAMzataH ve choTe-moTe dRSTAnta prayukta karate haiN| aise bhI aneka prayoga milate haiM, jahA~ ve eka hI mUla bAta ke nirUpaNa nimitta bahuta bar3e dRSTAnta dete haiN| kahIM-kahIM unhoMne eka hI bAta ko adhika spaSTa karane ke lie aneka dRSTAnta prayukta kiye haiN| ye sabhI dRSTAnta prAyaH lokaprasiddha haiN| _ 'campaka-zreSThI-caupAI' meM eka ora puruSArtha se bhAgya kI rekha meM mekha mArane hetu aura dUsarI ora bhAgya kI amiTatA batAne ke liye alaga-alaga dRSTAnta diye gaye haiN| donoM dRSTAnta apane-Apa meM pUrNa va mArmika haiM, sAtha hI bahuta bar3e bhI haiN| dAna-zIla-tapabhAva-saMvAda zataka meM bhI dAna-zIla-tapa-bhAva - ye cAroM apanI bar3AI ko prakaTa karane ke lie aneka dRSTAnta dete haiN| kavivara kA chattIsI-sAhitya dRSTAnta-zailI meM hI likhita haiN| inameM ve kisI eka tattva ko kendrita karake utkarSa-apakarSa ko batAne ke lie vividha dRSTAnta dete haiN| jaise - 'puNya chattIsI'- isameM kavivara ne puNya kA sAmAnya vivecana karake vividha puNyAtmAoM ke dRSTAnta diye haiN| isI prakAra se anya racanAoM ke bAre meM bhI jAnanA caahiye| samayasundara ke sabhI rAsa, caupAI Adi kisI eka vistRta dRSTAnta ko hI kahate haiN| ve apane pramukha pAtroM ke jIvana meM ghaTita sukha-duHkhAtmaka ghaTanAoM kA kAraNa pradarzita karane ke lie bhI kevalI' dvArA unake gata janma kA dRSTAnta batAte haiN| isa taraha se hama dekhate haiM ki kavi samayasundara ne vividha prakAra se dRSTAnta zailI apanAI hai| samayasundara kI dRSTAnta zailI meM paTutA dekhane ke lie hama eka udAharaNa nIce dete haiM, jisameM rAjImati apane pati nemi ke zyAmavarNI hone para bhI use guNoM se sarAbora batAtI hai| vaha kahatI hai, loka meM aisI aneka vastue~ haiM, jo zyAmavarNI hote hue bhI priya sAmaliyau nemi suhAvai re sakhiyAM, kAlau paNi guNabhariyau re lkhiyaaN| AMkhi sohai nahIM aMjaNa pAravai, kAlau marica kapUra nai raakhi|

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samayasundara kI bhASA kAlI kIkI karai ajuvAlau, rakSA karai rur3au candalau kAlau / kAlau kRSNa vRndAvani sohai, sola sahasa gopI mana mohai / nara nArI sahuko ghaNuM tarasai, kAlau meha ghaTA kari varasai // 1 2.8 vyAkhyAtmaka-zailI kisI kaThina yA durUha ukti, pada, vAkya yA viSaya kI adhika bodhagamya, sarala, sugama rUpa se samajhAne ke lie apanAI gaI zailI hI vyAkhyA zailI hai / mahopAdhyAya samayasundara kA TIkA yA vyAkhyA - sAhitya isI zailI meM likhita hai / isa zailI meM likhane kA pramukha lakSya hI kisI jaTila vAkya Adi se artha kA spaSTIkaraNa athavA kisI viSaya kA kucha vistAra se varNana karanA hai| samayasundara suprasiddha TIkAkAra athavA vyAkhyAkAra haiN| unakA TIkA - sAhitya atyanta samRddha hai / unakI upalabdha racanAoM meM 25 racanAe~ TIkA - sAhitya ke antargata haiM, jinameM 23 TIkAe~ saMskRta meM haiM aura 2 TIkAe~ prAcIna rAjasthAnI meN| ve ina TIkAoM meM mUla pAThoM kA sarala va zIghrabodhagamya artha prastuta karate haiM / ise ve kahIM daNDAnvaya aura kahIM khaNDAnvaya-paddhati se prastuta karate haiN| khaNDAnvaya-paddhati hI adhika prayukta huI hai| aneka racanAoM meM to ve binA anvaya kiye vyAkhyA karate haiN| isake atirikta ve vyAkaraNa-zAstra ke AdhAra para zabdoM kI vyutpatti, kabhI - kabhI kisI viziSTa zabda kI siddhi kA nirdezaka 'sUtra' aura vizeSa kaThina zabdoM ke artha ke lie kisI koSa kA havAlA bhI dete haiM / samAsavigrahapUrvaka zabdArtha batAte hue vyAkhyA karanA 1 yaha unake TIkA - sAhitya kI pramukha pravRtti hai / AvazyakatAnusAra antarakathAoM evaM mUla grantha athavA pATha ke nirmANa ke kAraNa Adi kA bhI saMkSipta ullekha kara dete haiM / AvazyakatA par3e to vivecya viSaya kI spaSTatA yA puSTi ke lie mAnya zAstrAdi ke uddharaNa bhI prastuta karate haiN| kisI vAkya, kathana Adi kA ve apanI buddhi se yA apane dRSTikoNa se bhI nayA artha upasthita karate haiN| sAtha hI sAtha TIkA meM kucha navIna vilakSaNatA lAne ke lie zabda ke ekAdhika artha bhI likha dete haiN| adhikAMzataH samayasundara atipracalita zabdoM yA vAkyoM kI vyAkhyA nahIM karate haiM / jahA~ mUla ati sarala evaM spaSTabodhagamya hai, vahA~ ve usakA saMkSipta bhAvArtha mAtra likha dete haiM / 297 -- samayasundara vyAkhyA meM kathaMbhUtam kathaMbhUtA Adi kIdRzaH kIdRzI, kIdRzaM Adi praznasUcaka saMketoM dvArA nirdeza karate calate haiM ki ve kisa pada ke vizeSaNoM kI 1. samayasundara kRti kusumAMjali, pRSTha 127, neminAtha gItam (1-5)

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298 mahopAdhyAya samayasundara : vyaktitva evaM kRtitva vyAkhyA kara rahe haiM / punaH kiM viziSTam' Adi rUpoM kA prayoga to unakI pratyeka TIkA meM parilakSita hotA hai| kutaH, kimartham prabhRti prayogoM ke dvArA bhI ve vyAkhyA ke patha ko sarala banAne kA prayatna karate haiN| unakI vyAkhyAtmaka zailI ke udAharaNArtha unakI TIkAoM kA koI bhI aMza liyA jA sakatA hai| jaise - 'saptasmaraNastava' ke saptama stava 'upasargahara stotra' kI prathama gAthA kI vyAkhyA --- uvasaggaharaMpAsaM, pAsaM vaMdAmi kmmghnnmukkN| visaharavisanitrAsaM, mNglkllaannaavaasN|| vyAkhyA - ahamiti zeSaH, 'pArzva zrI pArzvanAthaM vaMde' stavImi ityuktiH kiM viziSTaM pArzva? 'upasargaharaM pArzva' upasargAH divya? mAnuSa 2 tairazcA-3 smIyavedanIya 4 bhedAccaturvidhAH tAn haratIti upasargaharaH evaMvidhaH pArzva: pArzvanAmA yakSo dhiSThAyako yasya sa upsrghrpaarshvstm| atra svarNamastakastho nusvAra ArSatvAt alaakssnnikH| yathA 'devanAgasuvannakiMnare' ityaadi| 1 athavA kiM viziSTaM pArzva? upasargaharA dharaNendrAdayaH pArzve samIpe yasya sa upasargahara-pArzva:taM / kathaM? dharaNendrAdInAM nirantaraM zrI pArzvasya saMnihitavartitvAt 21 athavA 'upasargaharaM' iti pArzvanAthasya pRthaka vishessnnN| kiMviziSTaM pArzva? 'pazyaM', pazyati kAlatrayavartamAnaM vastusamUhaM iti pazyaH, taM pazyaM 31 athavA kiMviziSTaM pArzva? prAzaM pragatA AzA: kasyApi vastunaH AkAMkSA yasmAt saH prAza: taM prAzaM 4, iti arthacatuSTayaM jJeyam / puna: kiMviziSTaM pArzva? 'karmaghanamuktam' karmANi jJAnAvaraNIyAdIni aSTa tAni ghanA iva ghanA meghAH karmaghanAH, ayaM bhAvaH-jIvaH candraH, karmANi meghapaTAlAni tAni jJAnarUpakiraNAn AcchAdayanti tataH karmaNAM meghepamA dattA, tebhyaH karmaghanebhyo muktaH krmdhnmuktstN| athavA kiMviziSTaM pArzva? prAkRtatvena ArSaprayogAddhA vizeSaNasya paranipAtAt ghanakarmamuktaM, ghanAni dIrghakAlasthitikAni bahupradezAgrANi vA yAni karmANi ghanakarmANi tairmuktam utpnnkevljnyaanmityrthH| punaH kiMviziSTaM pArzva? 'viSadharaviSani zaM' viSadharAH ananta vAsuki-karkoTa padma-mahApadma-zaMkhAdaya teSAM viSaM pArthivAdibhedabhinnaM nirnAzayatIti nizcitam apaharatIti nizcitam apaharatIti viSadharaviSa nirnAzastaM vi0| yato bhagavannAmamaMtrajApo hi sarvAviSadharaviSanAzakRt pratIta evaM mntrikaadiinaaN| athavA viSaM pAnIyaM prastAvat maNikarNikAjalaM tatra 'hara' iti gRhaM nivAso yasya sa viSagRhaH prAyeNa vArANasI nagaravAsinaH paJcAgnitapazcaraNaM maNikarNikAtIre evaM kurvANA dRzyante, sa ca sAmarthyAt kamaThamuniH, tasya vRSa-dharma laukikairdharmatayA gRhyamANatvAt paJcAgnitapazcaryAlakSaNaM nirnAzayatIti yaH sa kASThAntardahyamAnasarpardazanena mAnabhraSTakaraNAttasya, anena vizeSaNena zrI pArzvasya gRhasthAvAsaH suucitH| punaH kiMviziSTaM pArzva? maMgalakallANaAvAsaM maMgalAni ApadupazamarUpANi, kalyANAni ca saMpadutkarSarUpANi, teSAM AvAsa iva AvAsa: krIDAsthAnam ayaM ca stava: zrI pArzvanAtha saMnidhibhiH pArzvayakSa 1 padmAvatI 2 dharaNendraiH 3 adhisstthitH| tataH eteSAM pArzvayakSAdInAM trayANAmapi vyAkhyAnaM kartu yuktam / ata: pUrva pArzva yakSavyAkhyAnam ahamitizeSaH pArzvayakSaM vande abhivAdayAmi vada abhivAdastutyoH' ityuktavAt, kiMviziSTi

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samayasundara kI bhASA 299 pArzva? upasargaharaM samyagdRSTInAM vighnopshNmkrtaarm| 1 tathA pAzAM padmAvatI vande, pAzo syA vAmahaste astIti abhrAditvAta matvarthIye apratyaye pAzA tAM paashaaN| kiMviziSTaM pAzAM? kAmyadhanumuktAM kAmyaH kamanIyo ghanaH zarIraM tena karaNabhUtena mud harSorthAt draSTanarANAM yasyAH sakAzAt sA kAmyaghanamutkAdivyavaSuSA lokAnAM harSajanakA ityarthaH tAM 21 tathA 'viSadharaviSanirnAzaH' dharaNendraM vande abhivAdayAmi, viSaM pAnIyaM dharatIti viSadharAM meghaM arthAtkamaThAsurasaMbaMdhI, tasya viSaM jalaM nirnAzayatIti nijaphaNarUpacchatradharaNena vArayatIti viSadharaviSanirnAzastaM vi0 / kiMviziSTaM dharaNendra 'maMgalakallANaAvAsaM' arthaH praagvt| athavA maMgalakalyANa zreyaskaraNapraguNA yA AjJA bhagavacchAzanaM tayA A samaMtAt vAso bhAvanA yasya saH taM maM0 kalyANakAribhagavadAjJAbhAvitamAnasamityarthaH 31 iti arthtrykrnnm| asyAM ca gAthAyAM prathamAyAM jagadvAlabhyakaraM, saubhAgyakaraM, bhUtAdinigrahakaraM zUdropadrava drAvaNamiti (mityAdi) yaMtrASTakaM, pArzvayakSayakSiNyAdimantrAzca snti| iti prthmgaathaarthH||1|| samayasundara kI vyAkhyAgata vizeSatA kA ullekha karate hue mahopAdhyAya vinayasAgara likhate haiM, 'kAvya, alaGkAra, chanda, Agama, stotra Adi pratyeka sAhitya para kavi ne TIkAoM kI racanA kI hai| .... ina TIkA granthoM ko dekhane se yaha to nirvivAda hai ki TIkAkAra kA jisa prakAra kA pANDitya, bahuzrutajJatA aura yogyatA honI cAhiye, vaha saba kavi meM maujUda hai| .... kavi, prasiddha TIkAkAra mallinAtha kI apekSA bhI mUla kAvyakAra ke bhAvoM kI, arthagAMbhIrya ko sarasa rasa pravAhayukta prakaTa karane meM saphala huA hai| 2.9 mizrita bhASA-zailI prastuta zailI se hamArA abhiprAya samayasundara kI usa zailI se hai, jisameM mukhyataH do bhASAoM kA mizraNa ho / samayasundara ne aise aneka gIta likhe haiM, jinameM eka sAtha do athavA usase adhika bhASAe~ prayukta huI haiN| vastutaH unakA bhASA para pUrNa adhikAra thaa| do bhASAoM meM saMyuktarUpa meM racanA karanA bahuta kaThina hotA hai| samasaMskRta aura prAkRta bhASA meM racanA karanA vaidagdhya kA sUcaka hai| unhoMne saMskRta aura hindI mizra bhASA meM bhI racanAe~ likhI haiN| satyata: kavi kA bhASA kauzala ina racanAoM se mukharita hotA hai| mizrita bhASA zailI meM likhita racanAoM ke pratyeka padya ke prathama aura tRtIya pAda eka bhASA meM haiM aura dvitIya evaM caturtha pAda anya bhASA meN| udAharaNArtha kucha padya prastuta haiM - samaprAkRta-saMskRta lasaNNANa-vitrANa-satrANa mehaM, kalAbhiH klaabhiryutaatmiiydehm| 1. samayasundara kRti kusumAMjali, pRSTha 79

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300 mahopAdhyAya samayasundara : vyaktitva evaM kRtitva maNuNNaM kalAkelirUvANugAraM, stuve pArzvanAthaM guNazreNisAram // suA jeNa tumhANa vANI sahevaM, gataM tasya mithyaatvmaatmiiymeym| kahaM caMda majjhilla pIusapANaM, viSApohakRtye bhavenaM pramANam // - pArzvanAtha laghu stavanam (1-2) hindI-saMskRta bhalUM Aja bheTayuM prabho pAdapadmam, phalI Asa morI nitAntaM vipdmm| gayUM duHkha nAsI punaH saumyadRSTyA, thayUM sukha jhAjhuM yathA meghvRssttyaa|| jike pArzvakerI kariSyanti bhakti, tike dhanya vAru manuSyA prshvitm|| bhalI Aja velA mayA vItarAgAH, khuzI mAMhi bheTyA nmdevnaagaaH|| __ - zrI pArzvanAthASTakam (1-2) 2.10 pAdapUrti-zailI kavi samayasundara kI vividha pratipAdana zailiyoM meM pAda-parti-zailI eka hai| isa zailI ke antargata hama samayasundara kI samasyApUrti-zailI ko bhI samAhita karate haiN| pAdapUrti zailI meM kisI anya kavi kI racanA ke chanda ke eka caraNa ko lekara usI chanda meM zeSa caraNoM kI pUrti kI jAtI hai| isI taraha samasyApUrti zailI meM kisI samasyA ke AdhAra para koI chaMda banAkara prastuta kiyA jAtA hai| kavi ukta donoM zailiyoM meM siddhahasta the| samasyApUrti evaM pAda-pUrti karanA unake lie sAmAnya bAta thii| sAdhAraNatayA isa zailI meM likhanA kaThina hotA hai, kevala niSNAta kavi hI isa zailI meM likhane kA sAhasa kara sakatA hai| vastutaH isa zailI meM racanA karane ke lie prakhara pratibhA tathA kavi sulabha acintya cetanA anivArya hotI hai| jisa pAda yA samasyA kI pUrti karanI hai, usake bhAvoM kI rakSA, racanA-mAdhurya, rasa-pravAha Adi kA nirvAha atyanta Avazyaka hotA hai| samayasundara isa kasauTI para pUrNa khare utare haiN| zrI jinasiMhasUri padotsavakAvya (raghuvaMza tRtIya sarga pAda pUrti), RSabha bhaktAtara stotram (bhaktAmara stotra pAdapUrti) samasyASTakamaM samasyAmayaM pArzvanAtha vRhatstavanam Adi racanAe~ inhIM zailiyoM meM nibaddha haiN| samasyApUrti meM to samayasundara itane kuzala the ki unhoMne eka samasyA kI pUrti bhI bhinna-bhinna prakAra se kI hai| yathA - 'zatacandranabhastalam' samasyA pUrti - prabhusnAtrakRte devAnIyamAnAn nabhe ghttaan| raupyAn dRSTvA narA: procuH shtcndrnbhstlm|| rAmayA ramamANena kaamoddiipnmicchtaa| proktaM taccAru yadyevaM shtcndrnbhstlm||

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samayasundara kI bhASA sarvajJena samAdiSTaM sArddhadvIpadvaye dhuvam / dvAtriMzatAdhikaM bhAti zatacandranabhastalam // hatyAroha zirastrANazreNimAlokya saMgare patito vihvalo vAdIt zatacandranabhastalam // bhuktadhattUrapUrattvAd bhrAntadRSTiritastataH / apazcatkopi sarvatra zatacandranabhastalam // darpaNa zreNimAlokya saudhAbhraMlihatoraNe / smAha suptotthitaH kopi zatacandranabhastalam // nabhaH prakAzavadbhAti yathaikena kharAMzunA / tathA sakhi kadApi syAt zatacandranabhastalam // yatra-tatra jalasthAne dRzyate jalacandramAH / tatkiM sakhi saMjAtaM zatacandranabhastalam // 1 grasyate rAhuNA nityameka ekahi matpriyaH / sRSTamAsAttadA zreSThaM zatacandranabhastalam // hInAdhikakalAbhedAdddvividho dRzyate vidhu: / vattIta subhagaM tatke zatacandranabhastalam // na pazyetpuNyahIno hi nidhAnaM purataH sthitam / kimandhaH zatasUryaM vA zatacandranabhastalam // 2 'zrI jinasiMhasUripadotsava' kAvya evaM 'RSabha bhaktAmara' pAdapUrti - zailI meM apanI kucha vizeSatAe~ rakhate haiN| prathama kRti meM kavi ne kAlidAsa kRt raghuvaMza ke tRtIya sarga ko apanA racanA - Adarza mAnA hai| pAdapUrti zailI meM hone ke kAraNa unhoMne raghuvaMza ke tRtIya sarga ke pratyeka padya ke caturtha caraNa ko apane ' zrI jinasiMhasUri padotsava' kAvya kA cauthA caraNa banAyA hai; kintu vizeSatA yaha hai ki pratyeka padya kI tIna paMktiyA~ isa prakAra racI gayI haiM ki unake bhAva kA caturtha paMkti ke bhAva se saMbaMdha ho gayA hai| yadyapi raghuvaMza aura 'zrI jinasiMhasUri padotsava' kAvya- -ina donoM kAvyoM ke kathAnaka bhinna haiM, tathApi samayasundara ke kAlidAsa ke Adarza kI pratyeka padya meM samasyApUrti kI hai / aura isa prakAra pAdapUrti-zailI meM raghuvaMza ke tRtIya sarga ke sampUrNa kathAnaka ko saphalatApUrvaka nibhAyA hai| yahI bAta 'RSabha bhaktAmara stotra' ke bAre meM bhI jAnanI cAhiye / isa kRti meM AcArya mAnatuMga racita bhaktAmarastotra kI pAdapUrti hai| donoM kRtiyoM kI zailI meM mAdhurya hai| nimnalikhita avalokanIya hai - 1. idaM dvAtriMzaMdAMyukta 2. samayasundara kRti kusumAMjali, pRSTha 497 (1-16) 301

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302 mahopAdhyAya samayasundara : vyaktitva evaM kRtitva yadUrdhvare khAbhidharmahi paMkaje, bhavAntataH pUjyapadaM pralabdhavAn / prabho mahAmAtyavitIrNakoTizaH sudakSiNA do hada! lakSaNaM ddhau|| are ! mahAmlecchanRpAH palAzinaH, pazuvrajAM, mAM hata ceddhitaissinnH| tvamAcchamaivaM nizitAn, bhRzaM guro! navAvatAraM kamalA divotparam // 38 // -jinasiMhasUri padotsava kAvya namendracandra ! kRtabhadra ! jinendracandra! jJAnAtmadarza-parihRSTa-viziSTa ! vizva! tvanmUrtirartiharaNI taraNI manojJe vAlambanaM bhavajale patatAM janAm // 1 // kezacchaTAM sphuTatarAM dadhadaGgadeze, . zrI tiirthraajvibudhaavlisNshritstvm| mUrdhasthakRSNalatikA sahita ca zrRMGga muccaistaTaM suragireriva zAtakaumbham // 30 // - RSabha bhaktAmara stotram isa prakAra hama dekhate haiM ki mahAkavi samayasundara kI bhASA-zailI bahuAyAmI hai| isIlie uparyukta vivecana meM kisI eka prakAra kI zailI kA ullekha na karake vividha zailiyoM kA vivecana kiyA gayA hai| jaisI viSaya-vastu vaisI zailI' yahI unakI zailIgata vividhatA kA kAraNa hai| kavivara kI sabhI zailiyA~ prabhAvapUrNa haiN| vastutaH prabhAvapUrNa abhivyakti hI zailI kA atha aura iti hai| samayasundara kI bhASA-zailI audAtya evaM aucityapUrNa hai| ucita sthaloM para ucita zabdoM kA prayoga huA hai| ve hI zabda prayukta hue haiM, jo pracalita haiM aura vyApaka artha ko sameTe hue haiN| zAbdika alaMkAroM ke prayoga meM kavi ne saMyama baratA hai, mithyApradarzana se unakI racanAe~ dUra haiN| paNDita puruSa hone ke kAraNa svabhAvataH jo alaMkArikatA kA samAveza huA hai, usase unakI bhASA-zailI apane lakSya kI pUraka evaM prabhAvotpAdaka hai| vaha mAdhuryapUrNa, ojayukta aura prasAdamayI hai| 3. bhASA-zakti - sAhitya vaiyaktika anubhUti kI viziSTa abhivyakti hai| isIlie use sAmAnya sarvajanIna bhASA meM vyakta karane kI apekSA kucha kalAtmaka bhASA meM vyakta kiyA jAtA hai| vAstava meM viziSTa ke prakAzana ke lie bhASA meM bhI kucha viziSTatA honI caahiye| bhASA ke mukhya do rUpa hote haiM - 1. sAmAnya bhASA aura 2. kaavybhaassaa| samayasundara ke sAhitya meM yoM to donoM bhASAoM kA prayoga huA hai, kintu antara ko dRSTi se kAvya-bhASA prayukta hai| yathArthataH to sAmAnya bhASA hI AdhAra bhASA hai, kAvyabhASA usI para AdhRta hotI hai| donoM bhASAoM kI dhvani, zabda, rUpa, vAkya Adi AdhArabhUta

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samayasundara kI bhASA 303 bhASita sAmagrI eka hI hotI hai| antara itanA hI hai ki sAmAnya bhASA to usakA yathAvat prayoga karatI hai, kintu kAvya bhASA usa kacce mAla ko apanI kalpanAzIla sarjanAtmakatA ke dvArA navIna AyAma aura navIna arthavattA pradAna kara detI hai| ata: mUlabhASA sAmAnya bhASA hI hai| usI kI nIMva para kAvya bhASA kA prAsAda khar3A hotA hai| ina donoM meM prakRtigata bheda na hokara kevala guNAtmaka bheda hai| samayasundara kI bhASA sAmAnya bhASA kI apekSA kAvya-bhASA hI adhika hai| usameM sAmAnya bhASA kI apekSA navInatA, prabhaviSNutA, arthavattA, zakti-sAmarthya aura AkarSaNa hai| unhoMne apane kAvyoM meM grAmya-bhASA ke zabdoM ko bhI isa taraha saMjoyA hai ki ve svarNa-mudrikA meM jar3ita ratna ke samAna camakate haiM - phalavardhi maNDaNa pAsa, eka karU~ ardaas| kara jor3I karaei, harakha hiyar3au dhrie|| kahane kI jarUrata nahIM hai, yahA~ dvitIya paMkti meM harSa aura hRdaya zabda utane nahIM phabate jitane loka-bhASA ke 'harakha', 'hiyar3au' phaba rahe haiM; jabaki anya sthAnoM para kavi ne 'harakha' ke lie harSa aura 'hiyaDara' ke lie hRdaya zabda hI prayoga kiyA hai| samayasundara kI bhASA kI Antarika vizeSatA yahI hai ki ve varNyaviSayAnurUpa apanI bhASA ko DhAla lete haiN| samayasundara kI bhASA-zakti advitIya hai| usakI apanI vizeSatAe~ haiM / bhASAzakti ne hI unake kAvyoM ko sarasa aura subodha banAyA hai| yaha satya hai ki kAvya-dRSTi se kAvya-racanA samayasundara kA lakSya nahIM thA, phira bhI unakI racanAoM meM ucca koTi kA kavitva vidyamAna hai, jisake avalokana se unakI bhASA-zakti kA paricaya dene vAlI aneka vizeSatAe~ sAmane AtI haiN| samayasundara kI bhASAzakti kI prathama vizeSatA hai - aprastuta yojanA athavA sAdRzya yojnaa| aprastuta yojanA athavA sAdRzya yojanA ke dvArA hI kavi ke abhivyaktikauzala ko AMkA jA sakatA hai| kAvya-klevara kI samRddhi evaM bhAva-vyaMjanA ke lie isakI yojanA kI jAtI hai| samayasundara ke sAhitya meM isakI atyanta samRddha yojanA huI hai| unhoMne jina upamAnoM kA prayoga kiyA hai, ve apane-Apa meM pUrNa aura marmasparzI haiN| unake sAhitya meM eka bhI aisA upamAna dikhAI nahIM detA hai, jo bimba prastuta karane meM asamartha ho| samayasundara ne apanI abhivyaktiyoM ko sazakta evaM kalAtmaka banAne ke lie bhinna-bhinna prakAra ke upamAnoM kI yojanA kI hai, jisameM ve saphala hue haiN| udAharaNa ke lie yahA~ kevala eka hI padya prastuta karate haiM, vizeSa carcA hama paMcama adhyAya ke alaMkArazilpAntargata kareMge - prAcIdigpramadA cakre vizAle bhaalpttttke| bAlAruNaravebimbaM caarusinduurcndrkm||

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304 mahopAdhyAya samayasundara : vyaktitva evaM kRtitva kavivarya samayasandara kI bhASA-zakti kI dUsarI vizeSatA hai - citraatmktaa| yahA~ citrAtmakatA se abhiprAya hai, zabdoM dvArA citra-nirmANa krnaa| kavi ne apane kathana ko vAcakoM taka pUrNataH pahu~cAne hetu vividha citra upasthita kiye haiN| yahI citra unakI kAvyabhASA ko citramaya banA dete haiN| kathya kI spaSTatA hI citra kI spaSTatA hai| yadi kathya spaSTa nahIM hogA, to citra bhI dhUmila raha jaayegaa| samayasundara ke citra spaSTa evaM AkarSaka haiN| kahIM-kahIM ina citroM meM dArzanika zabdAvalI bhI prayukta huI hai| isase unameM durUhatA avazya AyI hai, kintu una zabdoM kA arthabodha ho jAe, to aspaSTatA sAmAnya-sI bhI nahIM rahatI hai| usake sthAna para aura adhika artha-vistAra hotA hai| Alocya sAhitya meM sthUla evaM sUkSma - donoM prakArIya citra haiM / bRhad racanAoM meM sthUla citra evaM laghu racanAoM meM sUkSma citroM kA Adhikya hai| sUkSma citra sthUla citroM kI apekSA adhika sajIva evaM saMvedanazIla haiM, kyoMki ve jIvana ke anubhavoM ko prakaTa karate haiN| ye citra padyabaddha haiN| saMkSepa meM, kavi ina citroM ke dvArA icchita bhAvoM ko pAThaka taka preSaNIya banAne meM samartha hue haiN| samayasundara kI bhASA kI tIsarI vizeSatA hai, svAbhAvika abhivykti| vastutaH kAvya meM svAbhAvikatA kA guNa jitanA jyAdA hogA, vaha utanA hI jyAdA prabhAvazAlI bnegaa| yadyapi yaha sahI hai ki samayasundara kI bhASA kAvyabhASA hai, lekina vaha jana-bhASA se dUra nahIM hai| yahI kAraNa hai ki unakI adhikAMza racanAe~ saprayatna zRMgArita nahIM haiN| svAbhAvikatA zRMgAra to kAvya ko aura adhika mArmika banA detA hai| dekhiye, kavi kI svAbhAvika aura bhASA-zakti kAgada thor3o heta ghaNau, so piNa likhyo na jaay| sAyara mA~ pANI ghaNau, gAgara meM na smaay|| prIta prIta e saha ko kahai, prIti prIti meM pher| jaba dIvA bar3A kiyA, taba ghara meM bhayA aNdher||1 'prastAva savaiyA chattIsI' Adi racanAoM meM to kavivara sAdhAraNa zabdAvalI meM bhI gUr3ha rahasyAtmaka bAtoM ko vyakta karane meM pUrNa saphala hue haiN| aisI racanAoM meM ve kabIra kI bhAMti pUrNa unmukta hai, kuNThA-rahita haiN| ve svayaM dRr3ha, ugra, kusumAdapi komala aura vajrAdapi kaThora dikhAI par3ate haiN| isI kAraNa ve na kevala dUsaroM ko apitu apane ziSyoM va zrAvakoM ko bhI karaNIya kArya na karane para phaTakAra dete the| dekhiye unakI svAbhAvikatA aura vyaMgyAtmakatA - bUr3hA te piNa kahiyai bAla, vrata binA je gamAvai kaal| jImai pohara bi pohara pramANa, paNa na karai nokArasI pacakhANa // 1. prIti dohA (1-2)

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samayasundara kI bhASA 305 pANI na pIvai rAte iki vAra, paNa na karai rAtre cau bihaar| nIlavaNa khAve nahIM dasa ke bAra, pie mAthai pApa bhAra addhaar|| navarA rahai na karai ko kAma, paNa na liyai paramesara tuM naam| gAMTha rupaiyA traNa ke cAra, piNa na karai suMsa pacAsa hjaar| caupada mAMhe ghari chAlI nahIM, hAthI nuM suMsa na sake grhii| vinaya viveka ne jANe marama, zrAvaka hoi nai na kare dharama // poSau karai ne divase sUvai, te dharma phala poSaha no khuuvai| kriyA na karai kahAvai sAdha, nAma ratana dAma na lahai aadh| manuSya janma navi hAro Ala, tame pANI pahalI bAMdho pAla // uparyukta udAharaNa meM lAkSaNikatA bhI nihita hai| kavi kI bhASA kI eka aura jo vizeSatA hai, vaha lAkSaNikatA hI hai| vizeSata: muhAvaroM ke dvArA kAvya meM lAkSaNikatA AtI hai| samayasundara kI bhASA meM yatra-tatra muhAvaroM aura kahAvatoM kA prayoga bhI milatA hai| sthAna-sthAna para sUktiyoM ke prayoga se bhI unakI bhASA prabhAvapUrNa banI hai| paMcama adhyAya meM samayasundara ke sAhitya meM prApta jina sAhityika tattvoM kA hama nirUpaNa kareMge, ve saba unakI bhASA kI antaraMgIya evaM bahiraMgIya vizeSatA kI hI prakAzaka hai| saMkSepataH hama kaha sakate haiM ki samayasundara kI bhASA meM bhAva-prakAzana kI yogyatA ke lie jitane guNoM kI apekSA hai, vaha usameM samanvita hai| unakI bhASA meM sahaja pravAha aura bhAvAnukUla parivartita hote calane kA sAmarthya hai| mAdhurya, oja evaM prasAda - ina tInoM kAvya-guNoM kA samAveza usameM upalabdha hotA hai| samayasundara ne lakSaNA-vyaMjanA ke sthAna para usakI abhidhA-zakti se hI adhikatara kAma calAyA hai| alaGkAra prayoga se unakI bhASA camatkArapUrNa va lalita bana par3I hai| rasa-paripAka unakI bhASA kI AtmA hai| Azaya yahI hai ki samayasundara kI bhASA aneka vizeSatAoM ko apane meM sameTI huI hai, phira vaha bhASA cAhe saMskRta ho yA prAkRta, hindI ho yA sindhii| vaha usa grAmyA navayuvatI ke sadRza hai, jo apane sahaja-saundarya, rUpa-lAvaNya aura pada-vinyAsa se pAThaka yA zrotA ko mugdha kara detI hai, usameM nAgarI kA hAva-bhAva, vakra-bhaMgI aura rahasyamayatA kA abhAva hai| *** 1. vrata paJcakkhANa gItam (1-10)

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caturtha adhyAya samayasundara kA varNana-kauzala

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samayasundara kA varNana-kauzala 309 vastu-varNana kAvya kA anivArya aMga hai| usake dvArA kavi ke vyApaka anubhava aura anvIkSaNa-zakti kA patA lagatA hai| hamAre vivecya kavi samayasundara kA varNanakauzala vizeSa rUpa se ullekhanIya hai| unakI padya-kRtiyoM meM to unakA kauzala mukharita huA hI hai, gadya kRtiyoM meM bhI ise sahajataH dekhA jA sakatA hai| 'kAlikAcAryakathA' yadyapi eka gadyAtmaka racanA hai, parantu usameM AdyopAnta vastu-varNana ke darzana hote haiM aura sabhI vistRta evaM prabhAvazAlI haiN| samayasundara apane sUkSma nirIkSaNa dvArA vastuoM ke aMga-pratyaMga, varNa, AkRti aura usakI nikaTatama evaM dUratama paristhiti kA paraspara saMzliSTa vivaraNa dete haiN| ve apanI varNanIya vastu kA itanA sUkSma aura saprANa varNana karate haiM ki usameM sundara-bimba mUrtarUpa ho jAtA hai| anubhUta jagat se uThAe hue bimba hI unake varNana-kauzala kI nIMva haiN| ve prasaMga milate hI varNanIya vastu kA bimba grahaNa karane kI ceSTA karate haiN| unhoMne vibhinna varNanoM meM vibhinna prakAra se apanI paTutA pradarzita kI hai| varNana-kauzala ke kAraNa hI unakI racanAe~ nirantara mUrttavastu kA darzana karAtI hai| prastuta adhyAya meM hama samayasundara ke varNana-kauzala kI carcA kreNge| 1. prakRti-varNana Arambha se hI mAnava-mana prakRti ke prati saMvedanazIla rahA hai| prakRti mAnava kI cira sahacarI hai| cintana-manana evaM kalAtmaka sRjana ke lie yaha use sadaiva prerita karatI rahI hai| kAvya kA sRjana bhI prakRti kI goda meM hotA hai| kavi sAmAnya mAnava kI apekSA adhika saMvedanazIla hotA hai| vaha prakRti kI pratyeka ghaTanA se sAdhAraNIkaraNa kara letA mahAkavi samayasundara ne apane kAvyoM meM prakRti kA sundara citrAMkana kiyA hai| unhoMne prakRti-varNana sAdhana rUpa kI apekSA sAdhya rUpa meM prastuta kiyA hai| kAvyazobhA ke varddhana ke lie kavi ne alaMkAra ke rUpa meM prAkRtika vastuoM evaM usake upakaraNoM kA prayoga kiyA hai| kavivara ne jar3a rUpa tathA cetana rUpa prAkRtika upakaraNoM para mAnavIya cetanA, usake sajIva vyaktitva evaM kriyA-kalApoM kA bhI sthAna-sthAna para AropaNa kiyA hai| kavi ne prakRti ke yathAtathya citra bhI aMkita kiye haiM, jinameM prakRti aprastuta kI vyaJjanA kI bhI mAdhyama banI hai|

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310 mahopAdhyAya samayasundara : vyaktitva evaM kRtitva yadyapi prakRti-varNana ke lie mahAkavi bhavabhUti kI prasiddhi hai, kintu jaba hama vivecya sAhitya kA prakRti-varNana dekhate haiM, to lagatA hai ki isakA prakRti-varNana bhavabhUti ke prakRti-varNana se kama nahIM hai| samayasundara kI lagabhaga sabhI kAvya-racanAoM meM prakRti kA nyUnAdhika rUpa meM manomugdhakArI, sukumAra evaM svAbhAvika citraNa huA hai| kavivara 'satyaM zivaM sundaram' ke upAsaka the| ataH unakI dRSTi ramaNIya aura madhura dRzyoM meM bhI gaI hai| unakI antaH aura bAhya prakRti kA sundara samanvaya unakI racanAoM meM darzanIya hai| yathArthatA se maMDita prAkRtika varNanoM kA camatkAra sarasa hRdayoM ko balAt apanI ora AkRSTa kara letA hai| __Rtu parivartana ke sAtha prakRti ke rUpa vaibhava meM bhI parivartana A jAtA hai| vasanta Rtu meM prakRti kA vizeSa Avarjaka rUpa prakaTa hotA hai| isalie vasaMta kA varNana prAyaH pratyeka kavi karatA hai| kavi samayasundara ne bhI vasanta kA varNana kaI bAra kiyA hai, udAharaNArtha - ehavai mAsa vasanta Aviyau, bhogI puraSAM mani bhaaviyu| rUr3I pari phUlI vaNarAi, maikai parimalaM puhavi na bhaaii|| sakhara ghaNuM mauryA sahakAra, mAMjari lAgI mahakai saar| koyali baiThI TahukA karai, sAkhA Upari madhurai sri|| chayala chabIlA nara chaikAla, gAyaI vAyaI bAla gopaal| catura mANasa te hAthe caMga, meghanAi vAjaI mirdNg|| phuTarA gIta gAyaI phAganA, rasika teha kahaI raagnaa| UDaI lAla gulAla abIra, cihu~ disi bhIjai caraNA cIra // api ca tiNa avasara sohAmaNo Ayo vasaMta suraMgA khelnnaa|| rasiyA khele bAga meM gAi rAga vasaMta // vaulasirI jAi jUi kuMda anai mckuNd| caMpaka pADala mAlatI, phula rahiyA arviNd| maruu damaNau mogaro, saba phUlI vnraay| eka na phUlI ketakI, piu bina harakha na thaay|| AMbA maryA ati bhalA, mAMjari lAgA saar| koyala kare Tahukar3A, cihu~ disa bhamara muNjaar| jugabAhu ramavA calyo, mayaNarehA lei saath| bAga mAMhi rame raMga suM, Dapha bAjai nija hAtha // 1. siMhalasuta caupAI (1.5-8)

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samayasundara kA varNana-kauzala 311 nirmala nIra khaMDokhalI, jhIle rAja mraal| pramadA suM preme rame, nAkhe lAla gulAla // 1 varSA kAla ke sajIva varNana kI kamanIyatA bhI ullekhanIya hai - Ayo varSAkAla, cihuM disi ghaTA umaTI ttkaal| gaDaDATa meha gAjai, jANe nAli golA baaji| kAlai Abhai, vIjali jhabakai, viharaNI nA hIyA drvki| papIhA bolai, vANiyA dhAna vakhAra kholi| bolai mora, dAdUra karai sor| aMdhAra ghora, paisai cor| kaMdarpa karai jora, mAninI strI bhartAranai karai nihor| candrasUrija bAdale chAyA, paMthijana Apa ApaNA gharanai dhaayaa| rAjahaMsa mAnasarovarabhaNI cAlyA, loke vastuvAnA vakhAramai ghaalyaa| bagapaMgati sohai, indradhanuSa citta mohi| Abha thayo rAtau, meha thayo mAtau / modI chA~Ta Avai, lokAnai mana bhaavi| jhaDI lAgI, karasaNIrI bhAgyadasA jaagii| mUsaladhArai meha barasai, pRthivI urNapUrNa karivAnai tarasai / bahai praNAla, khalakhalai khaal| cUyai orA, bhIjai vastuvAnA boraa| Tabakai parasAla, ciMcUyai baal| nadI AvI pUra, kaDaNirA rukha bhAMjI karai cakacUra / vahai vAhalA, loka thayA kaahlaa| jUnA DhUMDhA paDai, loka U~cA cddi| hAlIe khetra khaDyA, vADisuM ser3hA jddyaa| mAraga bhAgA, je jihAM te tihAM rahivA laagaa| pragaTyA rAtA mamolA, dhAna thayA suMhagA molaa| nolI harI uhaDahIM, ghaNA hUyA dUdha nai dhii| nIpanA ghaNA dhAna, sAMbharyA dharma nai dhyAna / gayau zera, loka karai bakora / gayau dukAla, Ayau daMdU dukAla // 2 yahA~ kavi ne na kevala varSARtu kI zobhA kA citraNa kiyA hai, varan usake tajjanita prabhAva ko bhI darzAyA hai| 'bArahamAsA' nAmaka racanA meM samayasundara ne samasta RtuoM evaM mAnava-prakRti ke Upara hone vAle usake prabhAva kA bhI atyanta svAbhAvika varNana kiyA hai, jisakA ullekha hamane 'rasa-paripAka' meM zRMgAra-rasa ke antargata kiyA hai| kavivarya ne apane kAvyoM meM prAkRtika saundarya ko punaH punaH abhivyakta kiyA hai| rAma, sItA aura lakSmaNa - tInoM eka gahana vana meM se gujarate haiN| kavi ne usa vana kA varNana isa prakAra kiyA hai - paMchI kolAhala karaI, sIha karaiM guMjAra / kesari kumbha vidAriyA, gajamotI aMbAra // cihu~ disi dIsaI cItarA, vali dAvAnala daah| vAnara vokArava karaI, vanamai viDhai varAha // 1. cArapratyekabuddha caupAI (2.4.1-6) 2. kAlikAcArya-kathA pRSTha 204

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312 mahopAdhyAya samayasundara : vyaktitva evaM kRtitva vyagracitta vana lAMghiyau, cAli gayA ciitruddi| nAnA vidha vanarAi jihA~, citrAMgadanI tthuddi||1 rAvaNa sItA ko prasanna karane ke lie use puSpaka vimAna meM baiThAkara puSpagiri ke sundara udyAna meM le gyaa| usa udyAna kA citraNa darzanIya hai - gayau puSpagirinai zRMgi, udyAna tihAM ati cNg| nArelanaI nAriMga, bahu phaNasa caMpaka cNg|| bahu nAganaI punAga, jihAM ghaNA saralA laag| Asoga tilaka uttaMga, sahakAra vRkSa surNg|| kaMcaNa taNA sopAna, jihAM jala amRta smpaan| ehavI vAvaDI nIra, sItA muMkI dilagIra // 2 prakRti-citraNa meM hAthI kA citraNa bhI anupama hai - mada matta gaMDasthala madya jharai, bhamarA bhamarI cihu~ pAsi bhmii| sira lAla siMdUra kIyau siNagAra, suMDA daMDa uMcau ulAlai nmi|| ghaNaj ghaNaNuM gala ghaMTa bagaiM gaja garja karai jANai megha ghumiN|| kavivara ne prAkRtika vastuoM kA mAnavIkaraNa bhI kiyA hai| nala ke duHkhoM ko dekha pAnA sUrya ke lie bhI asahya hai aura isIlie vaha asta ho jAtA hai - sUrija Athamyau hu~ nahIM rahuM re| nala dukha dekhasyai hu~ nahIM sahaM re||4 jaba nareza zatAnIka mRgAvatI kI khoja meM malayAcala pradeza ke tApasa-Azrama meM pahu~catA hai, to prakRti usakA bhavyatama svAgata aura abhivAdana karatI hai - pavana kaMpAvyA bracha namyA, te tujha karai prnnaam| abhyAgata AvyA bhaNI, vijaya ghaNau iNa tthaam|| koyala karaiM Tahukar3A, mora karai kiNgaar| svAgata pUchai tujhanai, taruvara paNi suvicAra // vastutaH prakRti svayaM acetana hai, kintu kavi ne ise cetana banA diyA hai| udAharaNArtha - 'tRSNASTakam' racanA meM kavi ne acetana tRNa ko jisa rUpa meM citrita kiyA hai, usase aisA nahIM lagatA hai ki tRNa mAnava ke samAna sacetana na ho - 1. sItArAma-caupAI (3. dU. 12. 3-5) 2. sItArAma-caupAI (5.6.51-53) 3. neminAtha sohalA gItam (23) 4. naladavadantI rAsa (2.3.4) 5. mRgAvatI-caupAI (1.8.3-4)

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313 samayasundara kA varNana-kauzala acchaMdakavivAde tvaM bhajyamAnaM tu naa'bhnk| vIroktiM kRtavAn satyAM taddhanyaM janma te tRnn|| sAdhucakSurvyathodbhUta-pApazuddhikRte tRnnm| punaH punarvvalatyAzu kRzAnau jnsaakssikm|| rAjyarddhityaktavAn sarvAM niHspRhaH karakaNDurAT / paraM tvAM tRNa nAmo ca dvAlabhyaM bhuvi te mahat // aho te tRNa mAhAtmyaM vivAde patite tvyi| satyAya mastake nyaste tatkSaNaM bhajyate kliH|| kRte paMcAmRte bhojye tAmbule bhakSite tRnn| vaktrazuddhikarantu tvaM varAMgasthiti tnmht|| aho te tRNa saubhAgyaM zarkarAbhaH samaM ttH| antarAliMgyase strIbhiryathA saubhAgyavAn naraH / / tRNazaktirahodarbha - tRNajhATena mntrtH| duSTasphoTakabhUtAdidoSA yAnti yataH kssym|| chAyA sadmoparisthastvaM daMtastho yudhi jIvanam / go jagdha masi dugdhaM tadupakAri mahat tRNa // raja kA mAnavIkaraNa bhI avalokanIya hai --- devagurvoriva zeSAM zIrSetvAM sthaapyntymii| hastene hastino harSAdaho te dhUli mAnyatA // svasti zrI mati lekhepi yatnataH preSitepi c| paraM siddhistavAdhInA zaktiste raja idRshii|| jagadAdhAra bhUtena jaladena puraskRtAm / vAtenoDhAM nirIkSyatvAM ghanAzA jAyate nRNAM // sarvasahA prazrRtitvAtmadyamAnaM padaira dhH| na kupyasi kadApi tvaM rajaste kssaantiruttmaa|| yasyA nAma padAdhastyAM tvAM lAtvA rvivaasre| mastake kSipyate maMtrAt sA strIMvazyA rajo nRnnaam|| gAlidAne na ruD lajje yatra svecchA kRtaM sukhm| rajaH parva yato jajJe tatmAnyaM kasya no rjH|| rathyAsu ramamANAnAM zizunAM paaNsushaalinaam| dhUle tvaM sa mahApi zRMgArAdatiricyase / 1. tRNASTakam (1-8)

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mahopAdhyAya samayasundara : vyaktitva evaM kRtitva aprArthyApyanabhISTApi sulabhApi pade pade / aho te dhUli mAhAtmyaM lakSmIritvAbhidhIyase // 1 samayasundara ne udIyamAna sUrya kA citraNa atyadhika lAlityapUrNa kiyA hai| isameM eka hI sUrya maNDala kI aneka prakAra kI utprekSA bahuta hI sahRdayagrAhI evaM AkarSaka hai / yathA 314 caturyAmeSu zItArttAyAminI kAminI kimu / tApAya tapanodagacchadgimbamaGgeSTikAM vyadhAt // dinazrIdhikRtA yAMtI ruSTA rAtri nizAcarI / vahnijvAlAvalIrmuJcatIva bhAnuprakAzataH // prAcIdigpramadA cakre vizAle bhAlapaTTake / bAlAruNaravebiMmbaM cArusindUracandrakam // pazyantyA vadanaM prAcI padminyAM darpiNe'ruNaH / pravAlAdhararAgeNa ravibimbamiva prage // pratIcyAbhimukhaM krIr3occhAlanAya nvaa'runnH| prAcIkanyAkarasthaH kiM raktadyutratnakaMdukam // jagadgrasitvA pApiSThaH kva gatoddhAMta rAkSasaH / taM draSTumiti bAlArko dIpikA dinabhUbhujaH // prAcIdignarttakI vyomavaMzAgramadhirohati / kRtaraktAmbarAzIrSa nyastArkasvarNakumbhabhRt / tvatkIrtti kAntayA dadhre bAlArkastaptagolakaH / divyAya svecchayA bhrAntyA kusatItvahRte nRpa // saMskRta sAhitya meM 'zizupAlavadha' kA sUryodaya varNana prasiddha hai, para jaba hama prastuta kavi ke uparyukta sUryodaya varNana ko dekhate haiM, to kavi kA kAvyatva ' zizupAlavadha' ke sUryodaya varNana se bhI uccakoTi kA lagatA hai / kavi kI samasyA - -pUrti kI pratibhA bhI adbhuta hai / jahA~ sAdhAraNata: kisI samasyA kI eka-do pUrtiyA~ karane meM hI sAmAnya kavi ko kaThinAI hotI hai, vahIM dUsarI ora kavi samayasundara samasyApUrti meM bahuta hI nipuNa haiN| eka-eka samasyA kI aneka prakAra se pUrti karane kI pratibhA inameM hai / jaise ' zatacandranabhastalam' isa prakRti se saMbaMdhita samasyA kI inhoMne 16 prakAra se pUrti kI hai aura sabhI pUrtiyA~ atyanta rocaka haiN| udAharaNa ke lie hama eka-do samasyA pUrti padya prastuta karate haiN| 1. rajoSTakam (1-8) 2. udgacchatsUryabimbASTakam (18)

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samayasundara kA varNana-kauzala 315 dIpAn dIpAlikAparvekRtAnuccastaraM nishi| vIkSya vismayato jJAnaM, shtcndrnbhstlm| grasyate rAhuNA nityameka ekahi mtpriyH| sRSTamAsAttadA zreSThaM, zatacandranabhastalam // kavi samayasundara ne prastuta ke varNana meM jina aprastutoM kA sahArA liyA hai usameM prakRti-saMbaMdhI upAdAna bahuta jyAdA haiN| ve prakRti kI kror3a meM krIr3A kara sukhada zAnti kA anubhava karate haiN| prakRti ke jina-jina tattvoM para ve rIjhate haiM, unase apane kAvya ko upamita kara lete haiN| nizcaya hI prAkRtika upamAnoM ke prayoga se unakI racanAe~ prabhAvotpAdaka evaM adhika bodhagamya banI haiN| samayasundara kI pratyeka racanA meM prAkRtika upAdAnoM kI bahulatA hai| aMgavizeSa, kArya-vizeSa yA ghaTanA-vizeSa ko prabhAvayukta banAne ke lie kamala, bhramara, sUrya, prabhAta, mIna, bIla, vidyut, haMsa, puSpa, motI, mUMgA, khaJjana, tArA, siMha, pazu-pakSI, bimbAphala, vibhinna pakSiyoM kA kalarava, Rtu, candramA, cAMdanI, nAga, kuMbhasthala, kIra, vividha nadiyA~, tAlAba, jharanA, sindhu, raja, tRNa, chAyA, giri-prAntara ityAdi se sahAyatA lI hai aura AvazyakatAnusAra aneka bAra inheM apanI racanAoM kA viSaya banAyA hai| vastutaH kavi kI pratyeka racanA prAkRtika upamAnoM se upamita hai aura katipaya racanAe~ to prAkRtika sampadA aura sundaratA se bharapUra haiN| kavi ne apanI sUkSma nirIkSaNa-zakti evaM mUrta-vidhAyinI kalpanA Adi ke mAdhyama se apanI racanAoM meM prakRti kI manohara chaviyA~ citrita kara dI haiN| kavi samayasundara bhagavAn ke rUpa-saundarya ko vividha prAkRtika upAdAnoM se upamita karate haiM pUraNa canda jiso mukha tero, daMtapaMkti macakuMda kalI ho| sundara nayana tArikA zobhata, mAnu kamala-dala madhya alI ho|| kavi ne vividha prAkRtika tattvoM se apane iSTadeva kA saundarya ujAgara kiyA hai, kintu ve eka anya gIta meM prakRti ke sabhI upAdAnoM ko sadoSa siddhakara yaha batAte haiM ki unakA iSTadeva jinezvara to doSamukta hai| dekhiye - aho mere jina kuM kuNa opamA khuN| kASTha kalapa cintAmaNi pAtha, kAmagavI pazu doSa grahu~ / candra kalaMkI samudra jala khArau, sUraja tApa na shuN| jala dAtA paNi zyAma vadana ghana, meru kRpaNa tau hu~ kima sdhuN| 1. samasyASTakam (5-14) 2. samayasundara kRti kusumAMjali, ajitajinastavana (2)

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316 mahopAdhyAya samayasundara : vyaktitva evaM kRtitva kamala komala paNi nAla kaMTaka nita, saMkha kuTilatA bhuN| samayasundara kahai ananta tIrthaMkara, tuma maI doSa na lahu~ // 1 kavi apane gurujanoM ke prati atyanta zraddhAvAn thaa| vaha unake aura apane bIca pArasparika madhura sambandha prAkRtika upAdAnoM ke mAdhyama se vyakta karatA hai mujha mana mohyo re guru jI, tumha guNe jima bAbIhar3a meho jii| madhukara mohyo re sundara mAlatI, canda cakora saneho jii| mAna sarovara mohyo haMsalau, koyala jima sahaka ro jii| mayagala mohyo re jima revA nadI, satiya mohI bharatAro jii| guru-caraNe raMga lAgau mAharau, jehavau cola majITho jii||2 pazu-pakSiyoM Adi kI virahajanita dhvaniyoM tathA unakI ceSTAoM kA varNana bhI avalokanIya hai - kokila kula madhura dhvani kUjati, bolati bappiyarA priyu-priyu re| malaya vAta vajjati gayaNaMgaNi, gajjati megha ghaTA kiyu-kiyu re| ratipati rayaNi divasa saMtApati, vyApati viraha dukkha diyu-diyu re| dAdura mora karaiM ati sora, prIyu-prIyu bolai e bppiiuru| meharau Tabakai vijurI jhavakai, kahau kyUM kari Thaura rahai hiyru|| kavivara ne apanI AtmAbhivyakti ke lie bhI prakRti ke vividha upakaraNoM kI zodha kI hai| lagatA hai ki kavi kA antaraMga evaM bahiraMga - donoM pakSa prakRta se bahuta prabhAvita hai| kavivara kahate haiM ki maiM apane ko dhanya taba mAnatA, jaba merA janma prakRti ke vividha tattvoM ke rUpa meM hotaa| nimnalikhita gIta meM draSTavya hai, kavi kA prakRti-prema - kyoM na bhaye hama mora vimalagiri, kyoM na bhaye hama mora // kyoM na bhaye hama zItala pAnI, sIMcata taruvara chor| ahaniza jinajI ke aMga pakhAlata, tor3ata karma kaThora // kyoM na bhaye hama bAvana candana, aura kesara kI chora / kyoM na bhaye hama mogarA mAlatI, rahate jinajI kI ora // kyoM na bhaye hama mRdaMga jhalariyA, karata madhura dhuni ghor| jinajI Agala nRtya suhAvata, pAvata zivapura Thaura // uparyukta uddharaNoM ke atirikta anya bhI aise saikar3oM udAharaNa haiM, jo prakRti 1. vahI, anantajinastavana (1-3) 2. vahI, zrI jinasiMhasUri gItAni (1-3) 3. samayasundara kRti kusumAMjali, neminAtha savaiyA (15.27) 4. vahI, vimalAcalamaMDana Adi jinastavana (1-3)

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samayasundara kA varNana - kauzala citraNa se hI saMbaMdhita haiM / kavi ke 'alaMkAra-zilpa' ke antargata upamA, utprekSA, Adi alaMkAroM meM pradatta udAharaNa isa pariprekSya meM vizeSa rUpa se darzanIya haiN| niSkarSata: hama yaha kaha sakate haiM ki saundaryapremI kavi samayasundara ne isa atAnta vyApta prakRti kI nAnArUpiNI chaviyoM kA cuna-cuna kara citraNa kiyA hai, jo ki nitAnta manorama evaM prabhAvazAlI hai / kavi kA prAkRtika citrAMkana usake samRddha kavitva kA prakAzaka hai / anta meM hama itanA avazya kaheMge ki kavivara ne jisa kamanIyatA evaM zAlInatA ke sAtha prakRti kA citraNa kiyA hai, unase unakI racanAoM meM maNi-kAMcana kA saMyoga pratiphalita huA hai| 2. nagara - varNana samayasundara ne deza aura nagaroM kA aneka sthAnoM meM lalita varNana kiyA hai| upamA aura utprekSA- yukta hone ke kAraNa sabhI varNana manohara bana par3e haiN| udAharaNa ke lie unake kathA-paraka sAhitya se kisI bhI kathA kA pUrvAMza liyA jA sakatA hai / yathA asmin jambUdvIpe bharatakSetre dhArAvAsaM nAma nagaramabhUt / paraM tannagaraM kI dRzamasti ? yasmin nagare aGgadeza- baGgadeza-tilaGgadeza-kaliGgadeza- varAGgadeza-prayAgadeza-suyAgadezamuruNDadeza- pulindadeza- surendradeza- samudradeza - citrakUTa deza - lATadeza-ghATadeza- nATyadezavirATadeza, kelivATadeza - bhATadeza-vATadeza- kuNTadeza- buMdeza - ghoDAdeza - dhATadeza medapATadeza-magadhadeza- soraThadeza - kacchadeza- gUrjaradeza- mAlavadeza-kAzmIradeza- kAbalidezabhUMTaMtadeza-badakasAMnadeza- baMgAladeza - koGkaNadeza- paJcabhartRdeza - zrI rAjyadeza- paratakAladeza habasIdeza-phiraGgIdeza- paThANadeza - jalamAnasadeza-marusthaladeza- paJcAladeza-sindhudezadakSiNadeza- pUrvadeza-pazcimadeza - uttara deza-pramukhA nAnAdezavAstavyavyavahAriNo vividhavastukrayANakAni lAtvA Agatya ca vyApAraM kurvanti / punaridaM nagaraM aSTAvizad vakArai: zobhitaM vartate / te cAmI I vApI-vapra-vihAra-varNa-vanitA vAgmI vanaM vATikA, vaidya - brAhmaNa - vaizya - vAdi - vibudha - vezyA vaNig vAhinI / vidyA - vIra - viveka vitta-vinayo vAcaMyamo vallikA, vastraM vAraNa- vAji - vesara- varaM caibhiH puraM zobhitam // punaH yasmin nagare evaMvidhA sthiti yasyAM devagRheSu daNDaghaTanA, snehakSayo dIpake vantajaGgilikAyaM dvirasanA khaGgeSu muSTiryathA / vAdastarkavicAraNAsu vipaNizreNISu mAnasthiti:, bandhaH kuntalavallarISu satataM lokeSu no dRzyate // 1. kAlikAcArya - kathA-saMgraha, pRSTha 197 - 317 rUpaka -

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318 mahopAdhyAya samayasundara : vyaktitva evaM kRtitva ityAdi RddhisamRddhisahitaM suraloka sadRzaM (nagara) jnyeym| uparyukta udAharaNa meM hama dekhate haiM ki kavivara ne dhArAvAsa nAmaka nagara ko 53 dezoM kI upamA se upamita kiyA hai aura una sabhI dezoM ke vyApArI vastu-vyApAra ke lie isa nagara meM Ate haiN| anuprAsa alaMkAra ke ramaNIya prayoga se nagara-varNana meM eka adbhuta camatkAra udghATita huA hai| ukta sampUrNa paMktiyA~ tatkAlIna dhArAvAsa arthAt bhArata kI sampannatA kI dhotikA haiM - nIce dekhiye, deva-nirmita dvArikA nagarI kA atyanta rucira varNana - susthita sura dyai nagarI tthaam| kaustubha ratana saMkha abhiraam| iMda Adesai dhanada tihAM aavi| bArabatI nagarI niipaavi|| nava yojana nagarI vistaaraa| bAra joyaNa ArAma apaaraa| cAmIkara prAkAra mnohr| zatrukaTaka bhaTa agama agocara // paMca ratana maNimaya kosiisaa| rAjasirI jANe aariisaa| teja prakAsa prabala nisi dIsai / aMdhakAra nau lesa na dIsai / dhaNa kaNa kaMcaNa mANika dhaaraa| dhanai bharai koThArA bhNddaaraa| riddhi samRddhi karI sukha saaraa| jANe alakApurI avtaaraa|| ati U~cA yAdava aavaas| daMDa kalasa dhaja puNya prkaas| maNi kaMcaNa pratibiMbyA taaraa| grahaNa karai mugatAphala daaraa|| uttuMga toraNa jina praasaadaa| raNachaNa raNakai ghaMTa ninaadaa| ApaNa zreNi anopama sohi| caurAsI cauhaTA mana mohi|| vana vADI maDha mandira maNDita, pramudita loka vasai ati pnnddit| jora vahai yAdavanau vArau, saragapurI suranau anu-kaaru||1 yadyapi uparyukta varNana kavi kI prathama bhASA kRti meM huA hai, tathApi yaha atyanta cAru evaM prabhAvazAlI banA hai| rAma, lakSmaNa evaM sItA ke vanavAsa-kAla meM eka samaya kisI yakSa ne unake rahane ke lie eka samRddhizAlI nagarI kA nirmANa kiyaa| isameM rAjabhavana, mandira aura koTyAdhIzoM ke bhavana suzobhita the| draSTavya hai, nagarI kA svAbhAvika kintu kAnta citrAMkana - (rAmacandranai puNyai kari, tiNa yakSai ttkaal|) devanImI nagarI navI, nIpAI suvisaal|| gaDhamar3ha mandira mAlIyA, U~cA bahuta aavaas| rAjabhuvana raliyAmaNA, lakhamI lIla vilaas|| 1. sAMba-pradyumna caupAI (1.6.12)

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samayasundara kA varNana - kauzala koTIdhaja vivahAriyA, vasaI lakhesarI sAha | gItagAna gahagaTa ghaNAM naranArI uchAha // 1 eka aura udAharaNa prastuta karate haiM, jisameM kampila nagara kA varNana kavi kI tatkAlIna saMskRti para kiMcit prakAza DAlatA hai| varNana kI sugamatA evaM anAyAsA vizeSa rUpa se ullekhanIya hai / yaha varNana anya nagara-varNanoM kI apekSA vilakSaNa hai hAra bIca jima padaka virAje, tima tihAM deza paMcAla rI mAi / nagara kampalA jANa nagIno, riddha samRddha rasAla rI mAi // deharA vina kihAM daNDa na dIse, loka ne sabala asAna rI mAi / dIvA viNa nahiM sneha taNo kSaya, hATa vinA mAna rI mAI // sarpa vinA nahiM ko do-jIbho, asi viNa nahiM dRr3hamUThi rI mAi / mAMhoM mAMhe na dyai ko keha ne dhanuSa vinA nija pUThi rI mAi // andha nahIM nArI veNI viNa, sArI viNa nahiM bhAra rI mAi / tarka vinA nahi vAda vivAda nagara mAM, putra vinA nahiM nArI rI mAi // dAna binA ko vyasana na dIse, dharma binA nahiM lobha rI mAi / 1 319 nyAya nipuNa rAjA dharamIjana, sundara nagara sasoma rI mAi // 2 isI taraha kavi ne kAzAMbI, ayodhyA re, campAnagarI Adi kA bhI paramparAgata kintu atyanta suSThu varNana kiyA hai| campAnagarI ke varNana meM kavi kI samasAmayika sAmAjika sthiti kA bhI ullekha huA hai| kauzAMbI kA kavi ne jo varNana kiyA hai, usameM se do pada uddhRta karate haiN| dekhiye, kitanI kuzalatA se kavi ne nagara ke do aMgoM kI samRddhi kA varNana kiyA hai - 1. sItArAma caupAI ( 4.1 dUhA 9-11) 2. cAra pratyekabuddha caupAI (2.1.3-7) 3. naladavadantI rAsa (1.2.1 - 18 ) 4. campaka zreSThI caupAI (1.1.1-23) mRgAvatIcaritra - caupAI (1.1) 5. jamunA nadI bahai jasu pAsi, jANi jaladhi mukI (ka) hai tAsa / ratana mAharA lIMdhA mathI dyau muja tujjha aNUrati nathI // prAsAda sa~ga Upari pUtalI netra naI kaTi pAtalI / jANinagara ridhi jovA bhaNI, amara sundarI AvI ghaNI || yadyapi yaha satya hai ki ina varNanoM meM prAcIna paramparA kA nirvAha huA hai, tathApi unameM tatkAlIna loka-jIvana kI jhalaka evaM deza kI samRddhi kA AbhAsa avazya milatA hai / -

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320 mahopAdhyAya samayasundara : vyaktitva evaM kRtitva 3. vaibhava-varNana yoM to nagara varNana meM ullikhita bAteM nagaroM kI samRddhi evaM vaibhava kA paricaya detI haiM, kintu katipaya aise bhI varNana prApta hote haiM, jinameM vivecya vastu athavA vyakti ke vaibhava ko hI pradarzita karanA pramukha hai| jaise - dazArNabhadra bhagavAn mahAvIra ko vandana karane jAtA hai, usakA vaibhava darzanIya hai - nagara siNagAra caturaMga senA sajI, pAMca sai mahula parivAra setii| Apa Agai batIsa baddha nATaka par3ai, tUra vAjai kahU~ bAta ketii|| parantu indra ne jisa aizvarya aura zAna ke sAtha jAkara prabhu ko vandana kiyA, vaha to vilakSaNa hai - indra causaTTi ekaThA milI saMstavai, pAra na lahaiM tau gAna kehi| eka hAthI taNai ATha daMta sUlA danta danta ATha ATha vAvi sohi| vAvi vAvi ATha-ATha kamala tihAM, ATha ATha pAMkhar3I pekhatAM mnmohi| patra patrai battIsa badya nATaka par3ai, kamala bici indra baiThau aanndi| ATha vali AgaliM agra mahiSI khar3I, vIra naI eNa vidha indra vAMdai // 2 'campaka seTha caupAI' meM campaka seTha kI Rddhi kA vivaraNa dete hue samayasundara kahate haiM ki usake 96 koTi mudrAe~ nidhAna meM, 96 koTi vyApAra meM evaM 96 koTi byAja meM lagatI thii| usake 1000 vAhana, 1000 zakaTa, 1000 sapta manjila ghara, 1000 dukAneM, 1000 bhaNDazAlAe~, 500 hAthI, 500 aMgarakSaka, 5000 azva, 5000 subhaTa, 500 U~Ta, 10,000 poThiye, 1 lAkha baila, 100 gokula, 10,000 vyApArI the - chinnU kor3i nidhAna gata, vali chinnUM vyApArana re| chinnU vali vyAje phirai, ai ai puNya prakArana re|| puNya taNA phala bhogavai, campaka seTha sujANana re| acarija suNatAM Upajai, pUraba puNya pramANana re|| sahasa vAhaNa vahai sAsatA,sahasa vahai sakaTa nityana re| sahasa seha sAtabhUmiyA, sahasa hATa paNi satyana re|| bhAMDazAlA isa sahasa te, pA~ca sai gaja paravArana re| pA~ca sai subhaTa pAse rahai, haya bhaNa pAMca hajArana re|| pAMca sahasa bIjA subhaTa, pAMca sai U~Ta pradhAna re| dasa hajAra paNi poThIyA, lAkha balada no gAmana re|| 1. samayasundara kRti kusumAMjali, zrI dazArNabhadra gItam (3) 2. vahI, zrI dazArNabhadra gItam (4-6)

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samayasundara kA varNana-kauzala 321 sau goala dasa dasa sahasa goala goala gAina re| vyApArI sevA karai dasa hajjAra ghara Aina re|| lAkha dravya lAgai jiNe, ehavI aMga nau bhogana re| mana vaMchita sukha bhogavai, pUrava puNya saMyogana re // 1 laGkA nAmaka samRddhipUrNa nagarI ke svAmI trikhaNDAdhipa rAvaNa ke vaibhava kA varNana avalokya hai - rAja karai tihAM rAjIyau, rANau rAvaNa dUThau re| indrajita mehanAda ehavA, putra pUrai jasu pUThau re // U~gha chamAsI ehanI, kumbhakaraNa kahivAyau re| vibhISaNa thI saha ko bIhai, bAMdhava sabala sahAyo re|| aDhAra kor3i akSauhiNI sAtha caDhe sanUra re| triNha khaNDa no te dhaNI, pRthivI mAMhi paDUra re|| batrIsa sahasa anteurI, pAmI puNya saMyogo re / apachara setI indra jima, bhogavai sagalA bhogo re|| jasu ghara viha ko dapa dalai, jama rANau vahai nIro re| pavana buhArai AMgaNe, sabala haTaka nai hIro re|| nava graha sevA nita karai, khar3Atar3A jasu khATo re| indra tike DaratA rahai, nAMkhyA ripu niraghATo re||2 isI prakAra kavi ne apane sthAnoM para Rddhi aura vaibhava kA sarasa varNana kiyA hai| vistAra-bhaya se adhika ullekha nahIM kiyA jA rahA hai| 4. svapna-darzana vivecya racanAoM meM svapnoM kA bhI yathAsthAna aGkana huA hai| tIrthaGkaroM yA anya mahApuruSoM kI mAtAoM ko svapna-darzana hote haiM / unakA phala tIrthaGkara ke pitA yA brAhmaNa paNDita batalAte haiN| samayasundara ne rAsa-kAvyoM meM ina svapnoM kA prasaMgocita varNana kiyA hai| kalpalatA' meM unhoMne tIrthaGkara-mAtA dvArA darzita caudaha svapnoM kA bahuta vistArapUrvaka varNana kiyA hai| 5. nakha-zikha-varNana sAhitya meM nava-zikha-varNana kI paramparA prAcya kAla se hI calI A rahI hai| kavivarya samayasundara ne apane kAvyoM meM nAyikA ke aMga pratyaMgoM kA varNana pracura parimANa meM kiyA hai| yadyapi kavi ne viziSTa pAtroM ke nakha-zikha-varNana meM paramparAgata upamAnoM kI 1. campaka zreSThi caupAI (2.1.1-7) 2. campaka zreSThi caupAI (1.4.1-7)

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322 mahopAdhyAya samayasundara : vyaktitva evaM kRtitva sahAyatA lI hai, tathApi una sthAnoM meM sundaratama kalpanA kI sRSTi huI hai| nIce hama kucha cune hue nakha-zikhoM ko upasthita kara rahe haiM - 'mRgAvatI caritra-caupAI' meM kavi ne mRgAvatI ke dehalAvaNya kA varNana kiyA hai| mRgAvatI ne apane sunahare bAloM ko donoM tarapha isa taraha se gUMthe the ki mAno mithyAtva rUpI andhakAra ko usameM bAndha liyA thaa| (mithyAtva samApta hone para samyaktva prakaTa hotA hai|) bhAla ke Upara bIca meM lagA sindUra aisA laga rahA thA, mAno dharmasUrya udita huA hai| usake nayana-kamala kI paMkhur3iyA~ aNiyAlI evaM usake saundarya ke anurUpa thiiN| usake nayanarUpI kamala kI paMkhur3iyA~ haTha karake Age bar3hane se ruka gaIM, kyoMki yadi Age bar3he to vahAM zravaNa rUpI do kUpa the| karNa-kUpa dekhakara bhaya ke mAre vaha vahIM sthira ho gyiiN| mRgAvatI kI nAsikA kI tiryak AkRti dIpa-jyoti ke samAna thI; kintu nAsikA aura dIpaka meM antara parilakSita hotA thaa| dIpaka meM tela jalatA hai aura kAlimA bhI nikalatI hai, lekina mRgAvatI ke nAsikA rUpI dIpaka meM na to tela jalatA hai aura na hI kAlimA dikhAI detI hai| mRgAvatI kA kaNTha kokila ke kaNTha se bhI acchA thaa| kokila kA kaNTha to kevala vasanta Rtu meM hI sumadhura hotA hai, jabaki mRgAvatI kA kaNTha to bArahoM mahIne sumadhura hotA hai| kaNTha ke uparAnta rUpa ke saMbaMdha meM to donoM meM ananta antara hai| kavivara ne mRgAvatI ke nakha-zikha kA varNana isa prakAra kiyA hai - syAma veNI daNDa sobhatau re, Upari rAkhaDi opa re mRgAvatI, ahi rUpa dekhaNa Aviyau re lAla, mastaki maNi ATopa re| bihuM gamA guMthI mIDhalI re, bAndhyau timara mithyAta re mRgAvatI, vici samathau siMdUrIyau re lAla, pragaTyau dharama prabhAta re| sasi dala bhAli jItau thakau re, sevai Isara deva re mRgAvatI, gaMgA taTi tapasyA karai re lAla, ciMtAtura nitameva re mRgaavtii| nayana kamalanI pAMkhar3I re, aNiAlI anurUpa re mRgAvatI, haThi vadhatI haTakI rahI re lAla, dekhi zravaNa ko kUpa re mRgaavtii| niramala tIkhI nAsikA re, jANe dIvA dhAra re mRgAvatI, kAlimAM kihAM dIsai nahIM re lAla, nabalai sneha lagAra re mRgaavtii| ati rUyaDI radanAvalI re, adhara pravAla vicAla re mRgAvatI, sarasati vadana kamala vasai re lAla tanu, motiyaNa kI mAla re mRgaavtii| mukha punima kau candalau re, vANI amRta samAna re mRgAvatI, kalaMka doSa dUri Talyau re lAla, sIla taNai parabhAvi re mRgaavtii| kaMTha kokila thI rUDayau re, te tau eka vasaMta re mRgAvatI, e bAre mAsa sArikhau re lAla, rUpaI phera ananta re mRgaavtii|

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samayasundara kA varNana-kauzala 323 kuMyalI bAMha kalAvikA re, kamala sukomala hAtha re mRgAvatI, riddhi anai siddhi devatA re lAla, nitya basaI be sAtha re mRgaavtii| hRdaya kamala ati rUyaDuM re, dharmabuddhi AvAsa re mRgAvatI, kaTi laGka jItau kesarI re lAla, sevai nita vanavAsa re mRgaavtii| caraNa kamala nA kAchabA re, te tau ati sukamAla re mRgAvatI, nakha rAtA ati dIpatA re lAla, darapaNa jima suvisAla re mRgaavtii|| sItA kA nakha-zikha varNana bhI darzanIya hai - sItA ati soha i, sItA tau rUpai ruuddii| jANe ambA DAliM sUDI ho| beNI sohai lAMbI, ati syAma bhamarakaDiAMbI ho| mukha sasi cAMdraNau kIdhau, andhArai pAsau lIdhau ho|| rAkhar3I sohai mAthai, jANe seSa cUDAmaNi sAthai ho| sasidala bhAla virAjai, vici viMdalI zobhA kAjai ho| nayana kamala aNiyAlA, vici kIkI bhamarA kAlA ho| sUyaTA nI cA~ca sarekhI, nAsikA ati tIkhI nirakhI ho| nakavesara tihAM lahakai, giruyA nI saMgati gahakai ho| kAMne kuMDala nI jor3I, jeha nau mUla lAkha nai koDI ho|| adhara pravAlI rAtI, daMta dADima kaliya kahAtI ho| mukha punima nau caMdau, tasu vacana amIrasa viMdau ho|| kaMTha kaMdalavalI trivalI, dakSaNAvrata saMkha jyuM sabalI ho| ati komala be bAMhAM, rattopala sama kara tAMhA ho|| ghaNa thaNa kalasa visAlA, Upari hAra kusuma nI mAlA ho| kaTi laMka kesarI sarikhau, bhAvai koi paMDita parikhau ho| kaTi taTa mekhalA pahirI, jovana bhari jAyai laharI ho| roma rahita be jaMghA ho, jANe kari keli nA thaMbhA ho|| unnata paga nakha rAtA, jANe kanaka kUrama be mAtA ho| sItA tau rUpai sohai, nirakhaMtA sura nara mohai ho||2 hama dekhate haiM ki uparyukta varNana meM kavi ne sItA ke nakha-zikha-saundarya kA kavitvamaya DhaMga se citraNa kiyA hai| vastuta: nakha-zikha madhyayugIna kAvya kA priya viSaya rahA hai| samayasundara ke kAvyoM meM bhI nakha-zikha varNana upalabdha hotA hai| 1. mRgAvatI-caritra-caupAI (1.2.1-12) 1. sItArAma caupAI (1.5.1-9)

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324 mahopAdhyAya samayasundara : vyaktitva evaM kRtitva 6. nartakI varNana nartakI zabda nAcane kA pezA karane vAlI tathA vezyAvRtti karane vAlI - donoM striyoM ke lie prayukta hotA hai| kavivara ne nartakI aura vezyA - donoM kA varNana kiyA hai| vezyA kA varNana karate hue ve kahate haiM - vezyA nI TolI re milI vilasatI rUpa rUr3I re hA~ re vArU catura causaThi kalA jaann| kaMcana varaNa tanu kAminI, bolati amRta vaanni|| raMgIlI re vaMgIlI re, jIvana lahare jaai| gajagati cAlai gorI malapaMtI, vibhrama lIla vilaas| locana aNiyAlA lobhI lAgaNA, puruSa baMdhaNa mRga paas||1 nRtya aura nartakI donoM kA manohara citrAMkana kiyA gayA hai, yathA - rAjA hukama kIyo nATaka kau, naTuI bAla kumaari| caMdabadana mRgaloyaNi kAyiNI, pagi jhAMjhara jhaNakAra // tatattheI nAcata naTuI nAri, pahir2yA sola shRNgaar| rAma nAyaka mana raMgI nacAvate, apachara ke annuhaari|| gIta gAna madhura dhvani gAvati, saMgIta ke anuhaari| hAva bhAva hastaka dekhAvati, ura motiNa kau haar|| sIsa phUla kAne do kuNDala, tilaka kIyo atisAra / nakavesara nAcati naka Upari, huM sabamaI siradAra // tAla khAva bajAvati bAMsulI, aru mAdala dhoNkaar| aMga bhaMga desI dekhAvata, bhamarI dhai bAra-bAra // tAla upari pada ThAvati padamini, kaTi pAtali thnnbhaar| ratana jar3ita kaMcUkI kasa bAMdhati, Upari or3haNisAra / / caraNAcIri cihU~ disi pharakai, solasajyA sinngaar| mukha mulakati calati gati malapati, nirakhati najari vikAra // 2 7. svayaMvara-maMDapa-varNana prAcIna kAla meM aise utsava yA samAroha bhI hote the, jinameM kanyA svayaM upasthita vyaktiyoM meM se apane lie vara kA varaNa karatI thii| samayasundara kI kucheka nAyikAyeM svayaMvara karatI haiN| isake lie eka samAroha Ayojita kiyA jAtA hai| jisa sthAna athavA maMDapa meM ye samAroha hotA hai, usakA kavivara ne prakRSTa varNana kiyA hai| 1. valkalacIrI-caupAI 2. sItArAma-caupAI (4.5.1-7)

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samayasundara kA varNana - kauzala 325 damayantI ke svayaMvara ke lie bhIma rAjA ne eka vizAla evaM abhirAma maMDapa kI racanA krvaaii| lalAma citra, paravAla motI kI banI jAliyA~, svarNa ke jhUmake, U~cI dhvajAyeM, usa maNDapa kI zobhA meM cAra cAMda lagA rahe the| vaha puSpa, candana, kapUra, dhUpa Adi kI sugandha se sugandhita thA / maNDapa itanA ramya thA ki deva bhI usase mohita ho jAte / kavi ne isa maNDapa kA Alekhana isa prakAra kiyA hai. ANaMdasuM rAjA Avai, saMbarA maNDapa maNDAvai / sariSI dharatI samarAvai, niramala nIrasuM chaMTAvai // jAjima jarabApa vichAvai, sakalAtikathI paUsuhAvai / pATambara paNi patharAvai, phUla pagara vicchitti vaNAvai // vAvI cihuMdisi vADI, darasAu bhAMti diSADi / cIryA phUTarA citrAma, nArI kuMjara abhirAma // tihAM tANyAM U~cA tambU kasabI jarabApa kadambU / nIlaka mukhamala navaraMga, cihuMdisi caMdruyA caMga // manohara motIyAMrI jAlI, proI vicimai paravAli / jhabajhaba - jhabajhaba kaMi jhAbA, bAlaka mAMgai de bAbA // lalakaNa sonArA laTakai, guNa pAMmyA te bhaNI gaTakai / motIyAMrI jhAmara jhola, jhAbaka jhuMba karama jhola // lAMbI lahakai phUlamAla, parimala mahakai suvisAla / Upari U~cI dhaja sohai, sura kinnara nA mana mohai // kRSNAgara agara kapUra, selArasa cIDanau cara / dhUpadhAMNa gaMdha suvAsa, UchalaI parimala AgAsa // pUtalI thAMbhe siNagArI, grahaNe gAMThe kari sArI / jANe apachara jovA AI, jAyai nahIM rahI lapaTAI // siMhAsana maNDapa mAMhe, ati U~cA mAMDyA uchAhe / paravAlI kanakamaya pAyA, vici lAla dulIcA vichAyA / maNi mANika motI jhaDiyA, ghaNuM SAMti saMghAti ghaDiyA // 1 8. vivAha - varNana samayasundara ke sAhitya meM vivAha varNana bhI huA hai| unake nAyaka parAkrama, rUpa athavA guNoM ke kAraNa vividha prasaMgoM para bhinna-bhinna kSetroM meM aneka yuvatiyA~ prApta karate haiN| prAcInakAla meM mAtA-pitA bhI apane putra-putrI ke yogya Ayu pAne para unake vivAha ke lie yogya vadhu yA vara kI khoja karate the| yogya vara kI prApti ke lie svayaMvara 1. nala - davadaMtI rAsa (1.3.1 - 11 )

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326 mahopAdhyAya samayasundara : vyaktitva evaM kRtitva bhI racA jAtA thA, jisameM aneka rAjA nimantrita hote the| kanyA apanI saheliyoM sahita varamAlA hAtha meM lie hue svayaMvara-maMDapa meM praveza karatI thii| rAjA loga use apanI ora AkarSita karane kA prayAsa karate the| koI eka sahelI usa kanyA ko pratyeka rAjA kA paricaya detI thii| anta meM kanyA yogya vara ke gale meM varamAlA DAla detI yA jo kanyA kI pratijJA ko pUrNa karatA thA, vaha use prApta kara letA thaa| sItA ke vivAha kA prasaMga isI prakAra kA hai| upasthita rAjA-mahArAjAoM meM se koI bhI dhanuSa car3hAne meM saphala na hue| rAmacaMdra hI saphala hue, unhoMne sItA prApta kI vidyAdhara nara sahu dekhatAM, rAmai cADhyaMu caap| TaMkArava kIdhau tANI nai, pragaTyau teja prtaap|| upasAMta thayA khiNa mai upadrava varatyA jaya jykaar| deva duMdubhi AkAsai vAjI puSpavRSTi parakAra // sItA paNi haraSita thai pahutI rAma samIpa sljj| x x vidyAdhara raMjyA guNa dekhI sabala sagAI kiidhii| rUpavaMta aTThAraha kanyA rAmacanda nai diidhii|| vidyAdhara kinnara sura sahu ko pahutA nija nija tthaam| pANIgrahaNa karAyau rAma nai sIdhA vaMchita kaam|| yadyapi kavi ne ukta prasaMga ko atyanta vistArapUrvaka varNita kiyA hai, lekina yahA~ use vistAra se denA ucita nahIM hai| 'nala-davadaMtI-rAsa' meM damayantI ke vivAha kA varNana bhI vistRta evaM sundaratama hai| kavi ne damayantI kA vivAha-varNana kula 43 padyoM meM kiyA hai| vetriNI, aMga, magadha, kaliMga, kaMbola, vaccha, kAsamIra, kAsI, malayAcala, paMcAla, lATa Adi dezoM ke rAjAoM kA kramaza: paricaya karAtI hai, kintu damayaMtI ko koI pasanda nahIM aayaa| Age nala rAjA ko dekhakara vaha harSita huI aura usane nala ko varamAlA pahanA dI - davadaMtI mana mAniyaU, nalarAya suM hrssenn| varamAlA kaNThai ThavI, suragiri tArAM nI shrenni||2 bAda meM bhIma rAjA ne atyanta utsAhapUrvaka damayantI kA vivAha kiyaa| dekhiye, vivAha varNana - 1. sItArAma-caupAI (1.7.17-19) 2. naladavadantI-rAsa (1.4.24)

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samayasundara kA varNana - kauzala hiva bhIma rAjA mAMDiyaU, vIvAha sabala vitthinni / jAmInai mAnI milyA, bhojana bhagati jugatti // varakanyA baisAriyA, ati catura caurI mAMhi / Arima kArima sahu kIyA, bihuM mani adhika uchAha // gIta gAMna maMgala gAiyA, bAiyA maMgala tUra / sagAsaNIjA sahu milyA, pragaTyaU ANaMda pUra // hAtha melAvai haraSa suM, pragaTiyau bahu paraseda / prema rasa amAtau bhItarai, bAhira nIsaryaU bheda // jimaNau hAtha beu dIyaU, bandha kIyau doya / canda sUri chai sASIyA, kahi vihaDaI nahIM koya // hAtha mukAvaNa hAthiyA, ghor3A ghaNA asavAra / dAijau dIdhau ati ghaNau, dravyataNA bhaNDAra // bihu~ taNA chehaDA bAMdhiyA, jANe baMdha kIyau eha / huM thArai tuM mAharai, jIva eka jujUI deha // 1 isI prakAra 'draupadI - caupAI' meM sAgara kumAra kA vivAha varNana bhI atyanta rocaka hai / 'puNyasAracaritra - caupAI' meM bhI puNyasAra aura lambodara seTha kI putriyoM ke vivAha kA varNana bhI prabhAvotpAdaka hai| vAstavikatA to yaha hai ki prAya: sabhI kathA - sAhitya meM vivAha varNana nyUnAdhika rUpa meM prApta hotA hai / vivAha ke samaya vadhu kA varNana to prAyaH sabhI kavi karate haiM, lekina vara kA varNana bahuta km| kavi samayasundara ne vara kA bhI manorama varNana kiyA hai / yathA sIsa vaNAyau, seharau, kAni doya kuMDala lola re / hIyai hAra pahirAyau, dIpatI dIsai aMgulI gola re // baMdhyA bahuM bAMhe baharakhA, motI taNI kaNThe mAla re I hAthe hathasAMkalI, bhalau tilaka kIyau vali bhAla re // covA caMpela lagAviyA, phUTaDA pahirAyA phUla re / kArima Arima kIyA, kAika kIdhau anukUla re // 2 327 9. yuddha-varNana samayasundara ne yuddha-varNana bhI rasa lekara kiyA hai| kathA - sAhitya meM prAya: yuddha prasaMga bhI hote haiM / 'sItArAma - caupAI' meM sarvAdhika yuddha-varNana huA hai| yuddha se pUrva kI taiyAriyoM evaM yoddhAoM kI garvoktiyoM kA bhI sthAna-sthAna para citraNa huA hai / yoddhAoM 1. naladavadantI - rAsa (1.4.26-32) 2. valkalacIrI - caupAI (6.3-5)

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328 mahopAdhyAya samayasundara : vyaktitva evaM kRtitva kI vIrAMganAoM kI garvoktiyoM kA varNana bhI bahuta sarasa bana par3A hai| draSTavya hai, lakSmaNa aura kharadUSaNa kI senA ke sAtha hue yuddha kA varNana -- lakSmaNa ne usakI vizAla senA ko kitanI zUravIratA se parAsta kiyA - subhaTe hathiyAra bAhiyA re, mogara nai taravAri re| lakhamaNa nai lagA nahi re lAla, jima giri jagadhara dhAra re|| tIra saDAsaDa mukiyA re, lakhamaNa vajrAkAra re| subhaTa kaTaka upari paDai re, karai yama bhaDa jyuM saMhAra re|| mastaka che daI ke hano re, ke hanI dAr3hI mUMcha re / vali chedaI rathanI dhajA re, kehanA haya nI pUMcha re|| capala turaMgama trAsavaiM re, nIcA paDai asavAra re| ratha bhAMjI kuTakA karaI re, kAyara karai pokAra re|| UMcI iMDi ullAlatAM re, hAthI pADaiM cIsa re| pAyaka-dala pAchA paDaI re, AdhA nAvaiM adhIsare // lakhamaNa paradala bhAMjiyo re, ekalai aDiga avIha re| hata prahata kari nAMkhIyo re, hasti ghaTA jimi sIha re|| rAma-pakSa aura rAvaNa-pakSa kA paraspara yuddha-varNana to bahuta vistRta hai| isa varNana ko kavi ne bar3I hI utsAhapUrNa zailI meM kiyA hai| isa yuddha-varNana se kucheka padya uddhata haiM - ho saMgrAma rAma nai rAvaNa maMDANA, jalanidhi jala uuchliyaa| indra taNA AsaNa khalabhaNiyA, zeSanAga slsliyaa| prabala beuM dala dIsaI pUrA, aNie aNie miliyaa| sUravIra U~cA uchaliyA, hAka buMba hUM kaliyA / samudraveli sAriSau rAkSasa bala, dIThau sAmhau aayo| rAma taNau paNi vAnara naudala, trUTinai sAmho dhaayo|| saraNAiM vAjai siMdhuDai, madana bheri paNi vaajiN| Dhola damAMmAM ekala dhAI, nAdaI aMbara gAjaiM // siMha nAda karaiM raNasUrA, hAka bUMba huNkaaraa| kAMne sabada paDyo suNiyai nahIM, kIdhA raja aMdhArA // yuddha mAhomAMhi sabalo lAgo, tIra saDAsaDi laagii| jora karInaI ghA mAraMtAM, subhaTe taruyAri bhaagii|| 1. sItArAma-caupAI (6.3-5)

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329 samayasundara kA varNana-kauzala kuhaka bA~Na chUTai nAli golA, biMdUka vahai biDaM paase| rITha paDai mogara khaDagAM rI, agani UDai aakaase|| sAmhe dhAe jhUjhai sUrA, dhar3a biNa rANI jaayaa| dala rAvaNa rau bhAjata dekhI, hattha vihattha bhaDa dhaayaa|| turagI turagI suM taruyAre, rathI rathI saM prahAre / gajI gajI suM jaMga maMDANo, pAlihAra pAlihAre // 1 vAstava meM 'sItArAma-caupAI' meM yuddha kI ghaTanAe~ sthAna-sthAna para varNita haiM, yadyapi unameM vizeSa navInatA nahIM dikhAI detI hai| isakA tAtparya yaha nahIM hai ki samayasundara kA yuddha-varNana nIrasa hai yA kevala paramparA-pAlana ke lie kiyA gayA hai, apitu hara bAra ve kucha na kucha naI vizeSatA to paidA karate haiN| prastuta hai, lava-kuza kA rAma-lakSmaNa ke sAtha hue yuddha kA varNana - lAgo sabala saMgrAma, bedala ho bedala jhUjhai nagarI bAhiraI ho| vahai golA nAli tIre ho tIre ho, varasai meha taNI parai ho / bhAlA mArai bhIma bhA, bhedai ho| bhe0 bagatara Topa vihu~ gamA ho| kari laMbakai karibAlaka ka0 kAlai ho, kAlai Abhai bIjali UpamA ho| UDaI lohar3e agi U0 hAthI ho, hA0 pADai cIsa cihuM disA ho| hAka bUMba huMkAra, hA0 subhaTA ho, su0 Upara subhaTa par3ai dhasyA ho|| andhArau AkAsa, a0 chAyA ho, chA0 ravi sasI bahulI raja karI ho| bUhA rudhira pravAha, bU0 mAr2yA ho, mAr2yA mANasa tirajaMca bahuparI ho|| par3ai damAmAM rola, pa0 ekala ho, ekala ghAI bAjai UtAvalI ho| siMdhur3ai vali rAga, si0 saraviM ho, saraNAi cahacahai bhalI ho|| dharatI nara saMgrAma, dha0 gayaNe ho, ga0 khecara saMgrAma tima thayo ho // 2 isI taraha 'mRgAvatI caritra caupAI' Adi racanAoM meM bhI kavi ne yuddha-varNana karate hue apanA kAvya-kauzala dikhAyA hai| anta meM hama caNDapradyota aura dvimukha ke madhya hue yuddha-varNana kI avatAraNA kara rahe haiM, jisameM yuddha ke sAtha gaja, azva, pAyaka, ratha Adi ke varNanoM kA bhI eka sAtha darzana hotA hai - caDhyo raNa jhujhavA caMDapradyota nRpa, caDhatarA turata vAjA vajAyA, subhaTa bhaTa kaTaka jhaTa maTaki bhelA thayA, vaDavaDA vegIyA vegdhaayaa| 1. sItArAma-caupAI (6.4.1-3,11-15,29) 1. sItArAma-caupAI (8.6.1-6)

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mahopAdhyAya samayasundara : vyaktitva evaM kRtitva (gaja-varNana) sIsa siMdhurIyA prabala mada pUrIyA, bhamara guMjAra bhISaNa kapolA, suMDi ulAlatA zatru rala pAlatA, hAthIyA karata hAlaka hlolaa| ghaMTa vAje gale rahe ekaThA mile, megha kAlI ghaTA jANi dIse, DhalakatI DhAla ne sIsa cAmara Dhale, mattamAtaMga rahe bharyA riise| hAlatA cAlatA jANikari parvatA, muhira gaMbhIra garajAra karatA, caMDapradyotarAjA taNai kaTaka meM, lAkha do hasti madavAri jhrtaa| (azva-varNana) deza kAzmIra kaMboja kAbila taNA, khetra surasAna seMdhA sucaMgA, acala uttarapathA pavana pANI yathA, bhalabhalA kacchi tejI turNgaa| nIlaDA pIlaDA sabaja kaMbojanA, rAtar3A raMgi kavilAkihADA, kiraDIyA kAluyA ghusarA dUsarA, hAMsalA vAMsilA bhaagjaaddaa| pavana vega vAravaryA phoja AgedharyA, cAlatA jANi citrAmalikhyA, ehavA azva ujjaiNirAjA taNe, kaTaka zatasahasa pAMca sNkhyaa| (pAyaka-varNana) sira dhare AMkuDA bAhi pahare kaDA, bhAjaNI paratarA bola cAlyA, ekathI ekaDA kaTaka Agali khaDA, sUravIra bAMkaDA subhttpaalaa| sabala kAMghAla mUMchAla jina sAliyA, lohamaya Topa ATopa dhArA, paMca hathiyAra hAthe lai bAthebhiDai, bhImasama bhalabhalA paalihaaraa| tIratI kasagharA abhaMga bhaTa AkarA, sahasra jodhAra saMgrAmazUrA, caMDapradyota rAjA taNe ehavA, sAtakoDi sAthi pAyavaka puuraa| (ratha-varNana) nija nije nAma nejA dhajA pharahare, gharahare ghora nIsANa vAlA, jAhajosaNa kIyA lAkha be ratha kIyA, sAtha meM caMDapradyota raajaa| cAlIyA kaTakadala jANi cakravartikA dhusarI dhUli uDi gayaNI lAgI, samudrajala uchalyA seSa paNi salasalyA, guhira gopInAtha kI nIMda bhaagii| iMdranai caMdra nAgeMdra paNa camakIyA, laMkagaDha paula tAlA jaDAyA, sabala sImAla bhUpAla bhAjI gayA, caMu pradyota raajaanraayaa| AvIyau caMDa pradyota utAvalau, deza paMcAlarI sIma mAhe , dumaharAjA na piNa dei damAmA caDyo AvI sAmho aDyo mana uchaahe| phauja phoje milI bhATabhaTa uchalI, sabala saMgrAma bhAratha maMDANo, bhalabhalA abhaMga bhaDa bhUpa bhUpe bhiDyA, subhaTa subhaTe aDyA dekhI ttaanno|| 1. cAra pratyekabuddha caupAI (2.5.1-15)

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samayasundara kA varNana-kauzala 331 10. zakuna-varNana ___ koI kAma Arambha hone ke samaya ghaTita hone vAlI koI aisI viziSTa ghaTanA, jo usa kArya ke bhaviSya ke saMbaMdha meM zubha athavA azubha pariNAma sUcita karane vAlI mAnI jAtI ho, zakuna kahalAtI hai| samayasundara ko zakunoM kA acchA jJAna thaa| unhoMne prasaMga Ane para zubha yA azubha zakuna kA aneka sthAnoM para saMketa kiyA hai, kintu do zakunavarNana vizeSa rUpa se ullekhanIya haiN| rAjA zatAnIka mRgAvatI kI khoja ke lie prasthAna karatA hai, to use vividha zubha zakuna dikhAI dete haiM - Agai cAlyau pAradhI re, pUThai cAlyau rAya re| mAragi sauNa bhalA huA re, ANaMda aMgi na mAya re // tilaka kiyai sAmhau milyaure, pahilau puruSa pradhAna re / kuMArI kanyA milI re, pIchai rAMdhyau dhAna re // veda bhaNaMtai vediyai re, dIdhau AsIravAda re / bherInAda suNyau bhalau re, sAmhau saMkhanaMu nAda re // rAsa baMdhA milyA baladhIyA re, valiya savacchI gAya re| pUraNakuMbha sAmhau milyau re, darapaNa darasaNa thAya re|| dIThI dahInI AthaNI re, phala dIdhau kiNi ANa re| niradhUma agani sAmhI mili re, puNya taNai paramANa re|| sapalAMNau ghoDau milyau re, gaja darasaNa zrI kAra re| vezyA dIThI vilasatI re, maccha yugama ati sAra re|| DAvA Upari boliyau re, jimaNau khara tatakAla re| mAlhAlI para bhAtinI re, DAvI devi rasAla re // mAlhAlA mRgalA huA re, vAmI kAlikA vAca re| dahiyA pUchI dAhiNI re, tItara bolyau sAca re // syAMla hUvA vali sAvaDU re, pUThai prerai vAya re| jimaNAM nAhara UtaryA re, darasaNa naula dikhAya re / / nIla cAsa toraNa bAdhiyau re, moraha kIdhau chatra re| sauNa kahai sagalA sahI re, milasyada putra-kalatra re|| isI prakAra unhoMne rAma, lakSmaNa Adi kA laGkA kI ora prayANa karate samaya zubha zakunoM kA vistRta vivaraNa diyA hai| inase pAThaka ko yaha jJAta hotA hai ki prAcIna kAla meM kauna-kauna se zakuna-zubha mAne jAte the| 1. mRgAvatI-caritra-caupAI (1.8.5-14)

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332 mahopAdhyAya samayasundara : vyaktitva evaM kRtitva 11. nagara-pravezotsava varNana samayasundara kI tUlikA Ananda aura ullAsa ke sthaloM meM apanI ruci ke aneka raMga bharatI hai| rAjA nala, damayantI se vivAha karake apane nagara ko lauTatA hai| donoM ke nagara praveza kA utsava dhUmadhAmapUrvaka hotA hai| nAgarikajana harSapUrvaka nala-damayantI ko badhAI dete haiM, unakA svAgata aura abhivAdana karate haiN| unake satkAra meM mantriyoM ne sundara pravezadvAra taiyAra kraaye| koTavAla ne nagara ko svaccha karAyA, nirmala nIra chir3akavAyA, galI-galI meM phUla bikhere, toraNa-dvAra bandhavAye, ghara-ghara meM pataMgeM ur3AI gaIM, hATa zrRMgArita kiye gaye, pola (mukhya dvAra) meM darpaNa kA sUrya camaka rahA thA, mada jharate hAthI, jinakI palANa svarNa-maNi jar3ita thIM aura mastaka sindUra parvata ke samAna dikhAI de rahe the, Age-Age cala rahe the| tUra, bherI, napharI arthAt DaphalI Adi vAdya baja rahe the| sadhavA striyA~ mastaka para pUrNakumbha lie sAmane se calI A rahI thiiN| sarasa gItoM kA gAna ho rahA thaa| loga motI uchAla-uchAla kara unheM badhA rahe the| sabhI logoM ne unheM maMgala AzIrvAda diyaa| kavi samayasundara ke zabdoM meM dekhiye rAma, sItA aura lakSmaNa kA vanavAsa-kAla-nirgamana ke bAda ayodhyA nagara meM praveza-utsava kA sukhadAyI varNana - bharata mahochava mAMDiyau, bahurAvI he galI nagara mjhaari| ayodhyA rAma padhAriyA, padhArayA he vali lakhamaNa viir| gandhodaka chAMTI galI, vikhe he phUla paMca prkaar| kesara rai gArai karI, lIpAvyA he mandira taNA baar| motI cauka pUrAvIyA, bAri bAMdhyA he toraNa tiNa vAra / / ghari-ghari gUDI Uchalai, hATa chAyA he paMcavaraNa pttkuul| chatau bAjAra chAyAviu, candUvAhe cihuM disi bhumuul|| bAMdhyA motI jhuMbakhA, maNi mANaka he, ratanAM taNI maal| lambI bAMdhI lahakatI, ThAma-ThAma he vali lAla prvaal|| keli thAMbhA U~cA kiyA, sonA nA he tihA~ kalasa visaal| vanamAla bAMdhI valI, loka volai he Ayo pRthivI no paal|| iNa avasari vidyAdhare, AvInai he vibhISaNa aadesh| ratanavRSTi kIdhI ghaNI, ghare-ghare he trika cauka prdesh|| uttuMga toraNa deharA, ati U~cA he aSTApada giri jem| kaMcaNamaya kIdhA tihAM, kosIsA he maNi-ratana nA tema / / 1. draSTavya - naladavadantI rAsa (1.7)

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samayasundara kA varNana - kauzala jina - mandira mahochava ghaNA, maNDAvyA he pUjA satara prakAra / nagarI ayodhyA ehavI siNagArI he surapurI avatAra // subhaTa vidyAdhara sahu milyA, sahu harapayA he nagarI nara nAra / Dhola damAmAM duDabar3I, bheri vAjai he bhalA bhuMgala sAra // tAla kaMsAla - nai bAMsulI, saraNAI he caha cahai sirikAra / sara maMDala mAdala ghumai, vINA bAjai he jhAlari jhaNakAra // batrIsa baddha nATaka paDai, gIta gAyai he guNiyaNa aticaMga / baMdI jaNa jaya-jaya bhaNai, ruDI bolai he virudAvalI raMga // AkAsa mAriga AvatA, dekhInaI he loka haraSa apAra / pUraNakuMbha le padaminI, badhAvai he gAyai sohalau sAra // yaha nagara-praveza-varNana atyanta sajIva lagatA hai| usa yuga meM rAjA-mahArAjAoM kA nagara pravezotsava kitane Ananda aura utsAhapUrvaka sampanna hotA thA, isakI jhalaka hama ukta varNana se sahajataH pA sakate haiN| nagara praveza kA utsava paramparAgata DhaMga se hotA hai, ata: usake varNana meM bhI kiMcit paramparAgatatA kA samAveza honA kRtrima nahIM hai / - isI taraha 'zAMbapradyumna - caupAI' meM pradyumna kA nagara-praveza-utsava evaM 'mRgAvatIcaritra- caupAI' meM rAjA zatAnIka, rAnI mRgAvatI aura usake putra kA nagara - praveza-utsava aneka vizeSatAoM ko lie hue hai| 12. Alekhana - varNana 'mRgAvatI - caritra - caupAI' meM kavivara ne eka mahAn citrakAra kI citra AlekhanakalA kA varNana kiyA hai| citrakAra ne rAjA zatAnIka ke rAjamahaloM meM caudaha svapna, aSTamaGgala, rAma, sItA, lakSmaNa, hanumAna, zaMkara, brahmA, zrIkRSNa, gaNeza Adi ke atyanta manohara citroM kA aMkana kiyA hai| avalokya hai, kavi ke dvArA kRta usa citrAMkana kA varNana - 1 catura cItArau rUpa cItarai re, rAjamahala taNI bhIta re / nyAna vijJAna vAru kelavai re, raMjivA rAjA nau cIta re // cauda supana pahilA cItaryA re, cItaryA ATha maMgalIka re| rAma sItA rUpa cItaryA re, lakhamaNa rAma nijIka re // valI re vAnara hanumaMta cItaryau re, jehanau lAMbau pUMcha re / rUpa vasiSTa taNau likhyau re, moTI dAr3hI mUMcha re // rUpa likhyau rAvaNa taNau re, dasa mAthA jasu dIsa re / khaGga caMdrahAsa je hAtha meM re, zravaNanayanabhuja bIsa re // 1. sItArAma - caupAI (7.6.1 - 8, 14 - 17) 333

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334 mahopAdhyAya samayasundara : vyaktitva evaM kRtitva Isaranau rUpa cItaryau re, ahi AbhraNa rUMDamAla re / caMdrakalA gaMgA sirai re, vRSabha vAhana kaMThe mAla re // rUpa brahmA taNau cItaryau re, caturmukha bUr3hau jaTAla re // hAtha kamaMDala jala bharyau re, janoI japamAla re // rUpa likhyau zrIkRSNanau re, muralI manohara zyAma re / saMkha gadA cakra hAthamai re, caturbhuja ati abhirAma re // candra sUraja nava graha cItaryA re, cItaryaMu gaNezanau rUpa re / peTa moTau suMDi gaja taNI re, uMdira vAhana anUpa re // bhalAnai bhAruMDa paMkhI cItaryA re, eka udara gAbaDi doya re / jugati bhakhai phala jUjuvA re, jIva judA beu hoya re // garur3a mayUra zuka sArikA re, paMkhI rUpa aneka re nipuNa cItArai sagalA cItaryA re, vArU jANai viveka re // mugala kAbilI sudhA cItaryA re, mukha rAtA cUcI AMkhi re / mAthai moTA pAghaDa DhUMmaNA re, te jANai tIra nAMkhi re // rUpa phiraMgI kIdhA phUTarA re, moDai mAthai Topa re / DhIlA pahirai sUthaNa kothalA re, cheDyA karai bahu kopa re // habasI cItaryA kAlA ati ghaNuM re, pAMDura varaNa paThANa re / garar3hA kAjI cItaryA re, bAMcatA kateba kurANa re // paMcavaraNa AbhA cItaryA re, cItaryA poli prAkAra re I catura cItArau jANapaNuM ghaNuM re, cItaryA sakala prakAra re // 1 uparyukta paMktiyoM meM kavi ne jo varNana kiyA hai, usameM kucheka citroM, AkAroM aura prasaMgoM meM kAla-vyatikrama doSa hai| jaise antima cAra padyoM meM varNita mogalI, kAbulI, phiraMgI, habasI Adi kA lagabhaga do hajAra pAMca sau varSa pUrva kI mRgAvatI ke samaya meM citrAMkana karanA kAla-vyatikrama doSa hI mAnA jaaegaa| yadi hama pUrva - para prasaMga ko dhyAna meM rakhate hue vicAra kareM, to kisI eka sImA taka inakA prayoga ayogya nahIM hai, kyoMki citrakAra ko yakSa- kRpA se aisI zakti prApta thI, jisase vaha anAgata ghaTanAoM kA citrAMkana kara sakatA thA / kavi ne yaha racanA AgarA meM nirmita kI thI aura usa samaya AgarA meM musalamAna - zAsakoM kA sAmrAjya thA / ataH hameM to yaha lagatA hai ki kavi ne jo dRzya apanI AMkhoM ke sAmane dRSTigata kiyA thA, usI kA citrAMkana kara diyA hai / astu! varNana - kauzala kI dRSTi se dekheM, to uparyukta varNana sarasa hai / 1. mRgAvatI - caritra - caupAI (2.5.2-15) //

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samayasundara kA varNana-kauzala 335 13. SoDaSa roga-varNana samayasundara ne rogoM kA bhI sundara varNana kiyA hai| nAgazrI solaha rogoM se utpIr3ita thii| kavi ne ina rogoM kA varNana kavittvapUrNa DhaMga se prastuta kiyA hai - khAsa ghaNau khaM khuM karai, sAsa hIyai na smaay| tAva tau tanu chor3ai nahIM, dAgha jvara dukha daay|| kukSi sUla paNi kasTa thai, bhalakA jANi bhaalodd| bhagandara paNi nahIM bhalau, sIjaNa mAhe khoddi|| arasa roga te harasa nau, prApai prANa tAM siim| khAdhau dhAna jarai nahIM, te pachai jIvai kem|| dRSTi doSa te dohilau, mAthai Avai suul| ruci bhAgI anna upari, je anna jIvana mUla / / AMkhi vedana kAna vedanA, kahUM khAjUvai kaay| peTa vadhyuM pIlI thaI, jalodara roga jAya // kor3ha roga kAyA bhalI, sahu maya bhuMDau eh| vAlhesara paNi ApaNau, DhUkar3ai nAvai teh|| uparyukta varNanoM ke atirikta kavi ne tapasvI, duSkAla, manovinoda, sAdhanA, munidarzana, dIkSA, samavazaraNa, mokSa, kAminI, kAma, rAjasabhA, vilApa, vRddhAvasthA Adi kA bhI sajIva evaM prabhAvazAlI varNana kiyA hai| vistAra-bhaya se eka-do udAharaNa diye jA rahe haiM - 14. tapasvI-varNana hADa hIMDatAM khar3akhaDai, kAyA kAga nI jNgh| sarIra saMtoSe sUkayUM, na kIdhau vrata bhNg|| nasA jAla savi jUjuI, sUkyau lohI nai maaNs| bAvIsa parisaha jIpavA, rahavaM vanavAsa // AMkhi UMDI tArA jagamagai, surataru suruAM kaan| sUkI AMgalI maganI phalI, paga jima sUkU paan| sUkuM khor2yA jehatuM sarpa nuM, tehaeM dITha sruup||2 15. samavazaraNa-varNana viracai samavasaraNA, bhava bhaya dukha hrnnaa| trigaDhau vividha prakAra, rUpa sovana vasusAra // 1. draupadI-caupAI (1.5.2-7) 2. samayasundara kRti kusumAMjali, zrI dhannA (kAkaMdI) aNagAra gItam (7-9,12)

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mahopAdhyAya samayasundara : vyaktitva evaM kRtitva cyAra dharama cakra dIpai, gagana maMDali ravi jIpai / adbhuta vRkSa azoka, nirakhai bhaviyaNa loka // chatra traya siri chAjai, vihu~ disi cAmara rAjai / deva duMdubhI prabhu vAjai, nAdai aMbara gAjai // jAnu pramANa puSpa vRSTi, viracai samakita dRSTi / U~cI indraja lahaka, prabhu jasa parimala mahakai // siMhAsana prabhu sohai, tribhuvana nA mana mohai | bhAmaMDala prabhu bhAi, cihu~ mukha dharma prakAsa // 1 niSkarSata: hama dekhate haiM ki mahAkavi samayasundara ne prAkRtika tathyoM, vastuoM eka ghaTanAkramoM ke varNana meM vizeSa ruci lI hai| kavi ke varNana kauzala ko jJAta karane ke lie sambhavataH itanA paryApta hogA / 1 ina varNanoM meM samasAmayika paristhitiyoM kI jhalaka bhI milatI hai| bhASA, bhAva, dhvani tathA bimba kA lalita sAmaJjasya ina varNanoM kI nijI vizeSatA hai / rasaparipAka, AlaMkArikatA tathA avasarocita bhASA kA prayoga ina sabhI varNanoM meM upalabdha hotA hai / 336 1. zrI tIrthaMkara samavazaraNa gItam (2-6)

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paMcama adhyAya samayasundara kI racanAoM meM sAhityika tattva

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samayasundara kI racanAoM meM sAhityika tattva AcArya mammaTa ne kAvya-prakAza meM likhA hai - niyatikRtaniyamarahitAM, hlaadaikmyiimnnyprtntraam| navarasarucirAM nirmitamAdadhatI bhAratI kaverjayati // 1 arthAt -- niyati-viracita niyamoM se jo Abaddha nahIM hai, AhlAda hI jisakA sarvasva hai, jo kisI anya kAraNAdi ke paratantra nahIM hai tathA nava rasoM se yukta hone ke kAraNa jisakI racanA parama manohAriNI hai, vaisI kaviyoM kI vANI sadaiva vijaya prApta karatI hai| uparyukta padya meM AcArya mammaTa ne kavitA kI jina vizeSatAoM kA ullekha kiyA hai, ve sabhI mahopAdhyAya samayasundara kI kavitAoM yA racanAoM meM prApta hotI haiN| vivecya racanAoM meM ina tattvoM kI upasthiti se vilakSaNa ramaNIyatA A gaI hai, jo sahRdaya pAThaka ko camatkRta kiye binA nahIM rhtii| kavi kI isa sAhityika suSamA kA AdhAra usake kAvya meM vidyamAna alaGkAra, rasa, chanda, lokokti, muhAvare Adi haiN| vAstava meM inakI vidyamAnatA se kavi kI racanAe~ saprANa bana gayI haiN| lAGgaphailo ke anusAra hara mahAn kavitA niyama se bandhI hotI hai, kintu apane saMketoM meM nissIma aura ananta hotI haiN| samayasundara kI kavitAe~ bhI niyamoM se Abaddha haiM, parantu apane saMketoM meM ve asIma kA sparza karatI haiN| samayasundara ne apane kRtitva ko sa~vArane kA prayatna nahIM kiyA hai, apitu vaha svabhAvataH sa~vara gayA hai, sAhityika tattvoM se sajjita ho gayA hai| samAlocya kavi eka adhyAtma sAdhaka the aura AdhyAtmika kavi ke kAvya meM ve svAnubhUtiyA~ sahaja hI abhivyakta hotI haiM, jo kAvya ke sAhityika sandarbha kA AdhAra hotI haiN| kavivara samayasundara kI racanAe~ isI kA anukaraNa karatI haiN| prastuta adhyAya meM hama kavi kI racanAoM kA sAhityika dRSTi se mUlyAMkana kreNge| mahAkavi samayasundara kI racanAoM meM jo sAhityika tattva haiM, unheM hama agrima pRSThoM meM prastuta kara rahe haiM - 1. kAvyaprakAza (1) 2. uddhRta - vizva sUkti-koza, bhAga 2, pRSTha 65

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340 mahopAdhyAya samayasundara : vyaktitva evaM kRtitva khaNDa ka 1. rasa- paripAka zabda tathA artha kAvya kI kAyA hai, to rasa usakI AtmA / jaise AtmazUnya kAyA niSprANa hai, vaise hI rasazUnya kAvya niSprANa hai| rasAtmaka vAkya hI kAvya hai / AcArya vizvanAtha ne 'vAkyaMrasAtmakaM kAvyam " kahakara isa siddhAnta kA atyadhika mahattva pallavita kiyA hai| bharata muni kA nimnalikhita sUtra rasa vivecana kA prasthAnabindu hai - 'tatra vibhaavaanubhaavvybhicaarisNyogaadrsnisspttiH|' rasa kI parikalpanA ati sUkSma aura vilakSaNa hai, sAtha hI aparibhASya bhI; kyoMki yaha AsvAdya aura anubhavamAtra hai / tathApi yadi zabdoM meM isakI paribhASA vyakta karanA cAheM, to kaha sakate haiM ki vaha AnandAtmaka cittavRtti athavA anubhava, jo kAvya kI camatkArapUrNa abhivyakti ke paThana yA zravaNa ke pariNAma svarUpa vibhAva, anubhAva tathA vyabhicArI se yukta sthAyIbhAvoM ke vyaJjita hone para utpanna hotA hai, rasa hai / AcArya vizvanAtha ne rasa ke svarUpa kA varNana karate hue ise sattvaguNa ke udreka kI sthiti meM AvirbhUta, akhaNDa, svaprakAzAnanda, cinmaya, vedyAntara - sparza- zUnya, brahmAnanda-sahodara 3 aura lokottara - camatkAramaya batalAyA hai| udbhaTa ne nimnAMkita nava prakAra ke rasoM kA kathana kiyA hai - zrRMgAra hAsyakaru Naraudra vIrabhayAnakAH / bIbhatsAdbhutazAntAzca nava nATye rasAH smRtA // yadyapi manuSya ke bhAva ananta haiM, ataH rasa bhI ananta haiM, parantu abhinava gupta ne 'evaM te navaiva rasAH '6 udghoSita kara rasa nava hI mAne haiM, jinameM anya samasta rasa nihita ho jAte haiN| sabhI prakAra kI udbhAvanAoM ko milAkara rasabhedoM kA sarvayoga 32 hotA hai, parantu prAya: sarvasvIkRta rasa uparyukta 9 haiM / ukta nava rasoM ke atirikta vAtsalya aura bhakti Adi aise rasa haiM, jinheM aneka AcAryoM ne svatantra rasa ke rUpa meM svIkAra kiyA hai| ina sabhI rasoM kA saMkSipta vivecana hama kavi kI rasa- vyaJjanA kA adhyayana karate samaya prastuta kreNge| 1. sAhitya - darpaNa 2. nATyazAstra, kAvyamAlA 42, pRSTha 93 3. 'brahmAnanda sahodara' ke sthAna para 'brahmAsvAda sahodara' kA ullekha bhI upalabdha hotA hai / DaoN0 nagendra ne 'rasa siddhAnta' meM 'brahmAsvAda sahodara' kI hI vyAkhyA kI hai| 4. sAhitya-darpaNa (3.2.3) 5. kAvyAlaGkAra-saMgraha ( 4.4) 6. hindI abhinavabhAratI, pRSTha 640 7. rasa - siddhAnta, pRSTha 252

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samayasundara kI racanAoM meM sAhityika tattva 341 samayasundara rasa-rasika kavi haiN| unhoMne kAvyoM meM rasa kA paripAka honA anivArya mAnA hai| ve svayaM apane kAvyoM meM rasAnubhUti karAne kA prayatna karate the, tAki pAThaka yA zrotA uddIpta bhAvoM kI prabalatA se sahRdayatA kI anubhUti kara ske| yoM to samayasundara kI racanAoM kA pratyeka vAkya rasayukta hai, kintu katipaya vAkyoM kA vinyAsa isa prakAra se huA hai ki ve vAkyaM rasAtmakaM kAvyaM' kI puSTi karate hue pratIta hote haiN| yadyapi kavi samayasundara yaha mAnate haiM ki racanA choTI, sAragarbhita aura rasapUrNa honI cAhie, tathApi unhoMne vRhad racanAe~ bhI racI haiM, lekina ve pAThakoM yA zrotAoM kI manobhAvanAoM ko dhyAna meM rakhate hue kahate haiM ki tuma yaha mata kaho ki kavi ne itane vizad grantha kI racanA kyoM kI! tuma ise par3hoge, to lokottara svAda prApta karoge aura navanavIna rasoM se paripUrNa navanavIna kathAoM kA paThana kara racanAkAra ko 'zAbAsI' doge, sAdhuvAda doge| ___ yadyapi kavi ke sAhitya meM zRMgArAdi nava rasoM kI sajIva abhivyaJjanA huI hai, lekina usameM pradhAnatA zAntarasa kI hI hai| zRMgArAdi rasoM se zAnta-rasa kA paraspara ghaniSTha saMbaMdha hai| kavivara kI yaha adbhuta kavitva-zakti hI hai ki unhoMne apanI racanAoM meM isa prakAra se rasa kA paripAka kiyA hai ki ve pAThakoM aura zrotAoM ko kramazaH eka-eka rasa kA AsvAdana karAte hae anta meM nimagna kara dete haiN| isa prakAra kavi bhoga se yoga kI ora le jAne meM eka mahattvapUrNa bhUmikA adA karate haiN| yadyapi yaha nirdhAnta satya hai ki kavi kI pratyeka racanA kA samApana virakti aura AtmazAnti kI goda meM hotA hai, parantu ve apanI racanAoM meM anya sAMsArika rasoM kI upekSA bhI nahIM karate haiN| kavi kI sAhitya-sAdhanA kA lakSya manuSya ko laukika duHkhoM se chuTakArA dilAkara mokSa ke Ananda kI prApti karAnA hai| ata: kavi samayasundara pramukha rUpa se zAnta-rasa ko hI aMgIkRta karate haiN| saMkSepa meM kaheM, to samayasundara ke sAhitya kA zAntarasa aMgIrasa hai aura zeSa aMgarasa haiN| aba hama vividha rasoM ke Azraya se vivecya kavi ke kRtitva kA mUlyAMkana karane kA prayatna kreNge| 1.1 zrRMgAra-rasa jisameM premI evaM premikA pArasparika premapUrNa vyavahAroM kI carcA hotI hai, zrRMgAra-rasa kahalAtA hai| zrRMgAra rasa kA sthAyIbhAva rati hai| zrRMgAra kA zAbdika artha hI hai- aisI sthiti, jisameM kAmavAsanA kI vRddhi ho|maanv kI kAmavAsanA se sambaddha bAtoM se hone vAlA Ananda hI isa rasa kA prANa hai| pratyeka sAMsArika vyakti kA isa rasa ke prati vizeSa AkarSaNa hotA hai| ataeva kAvya ke kSetra meM bhI ise zIrSastha sthAna prApta huA hai| 1. sItArAma-caupAI (9.7.5)

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342 mahopAdhyAya samayasundara : vyaktitva evaM kRtitva bhoja ne ' zRMgArameva rasanAdrasamAmanAma H 1 ghoSita kara isa rasanIyatA ke AdhAra para hI zrRMgAra ko ekamAtra rasa mAnA hai| isake bheda-upabhedoM kI bhI atyadhika vistAra se carcA huI hai| DA0 nAgendra ne zRMgAra rasa ke 52 upabhedoM kA vivecana kiyA hai; lekina mukhyataH isake do bheda kiye gaye haiM 1. saMyoga- zrRMgAra aura 2. vipralambha - zrRMgAra / nAyaka-nAyikA ke saMyoga ke samaya jo rati ho, vaha saMyoga zrRMgAra hai aura viyoga- kAla meM jisa rati kA AvirbhAva ho, vaha vipralambha - zrRMgAra hai / mahAkavi samayasundara ke sAhitya meM hameM zRMgAra rasa ke aneka manohArI citra tathA mArmika prasaMga upalabdha hote haiM / adhyAtma - pradhAna sAhitya meM zRMgAra rasa kI sazakta zabdoM meM abhivyaJjanA, samayasundara kI apanI vizeSatA hai; lekina unakA zrRMgAra rasa rItikAlIna zrRMgAra kI taraha azlIla na hokara saMyamita aura svAbhAvika hai / udAharaNArtha, garbhavatI sItA kA kavi ne kitanA sajIva evaM akRtrima citraNa kiyA hai vajrajaMgha rAjA ghare, rahatI sItA nAri / garbha liMga paragaTa thayo, pAMDura gAla prakAri // thaNamukha zyAmapaNo thayo, guru nitaMba gati maMda / nayana sanehAlA thayA, mukhi amRta rasabiMda // 3 kavi ne zRMgAra ke donoM pakSoM - saMyoga aura viyoga ko apanI racanAoM meM paryApta sthAna diyA hai| 1.1.1 saMyoga - zRMgAra saMyoga-pakSa ke aneka utkRSTa citra Alocya racanAoM meM upalabdha hote haiM / saMyoga- zRMgAra kA citraNa mukhyatayA vahA~ huA hai, jahA~ saMyama grahaNa karane se pUrva nAyaka yA nAyikA bhautika aura laukika bhogoM meM anurakta hai athavA unake dIrgha viraha ke samApta hone para milApa huA hai / damayantI bAraha varSoM se pativiyoga kI vyathA sahana kara rahI thii| eka bAra dadhiparNa rAjA ke saMga Ae kUbar3a rUpadhArI nala se damayantI kA sparza ho jAne se damayantI ko romAMca huA / nala kA rUpa prakaTa hone para donoM jala-dhArAoM ke saMgama kI taraha eka ho gaye / kavi ne isakA cittahArI citraNa kiyA hai. - 1. uddhRta - rasasiddhAnta, pRSTha 257 2. rasasiddhAnta, pRSTha 246-248 3. sItArAma - caupAI (8.4 dUhA 1-2 ) -

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343 samayasundara kI racanAoM meM sAhityika tattva hA raMga raliAM, ho raMga rliaaN| naladavadantI beU~ miliyAM / kuMbaDau hukama leI naI hrsii| kumarI hIyaU~ haathsuNphrsii|| tataSiNa roma rAya tanu vihsii| davadantI nI chAtI ulsii|| kahaI davadantI priya tuM jaannyuu| kUbar3au hAtha jhAlI naI taannyuu|| prItama aba tuMnai nahi choDuM / tujasuM jora karI prIti jodd|| nalanaI he ji milI dvdNtii| prItama prema najari nirtii| hiva huA ANaMda lIla vilaasaa| roma-roma pragaTyA prema ulaasaa|| bAre bara se je dukha sahi yA / te nahu bIsariyA sukha lhiaa|| sukumAlikA kA vivAha sAgaradatta se hotA hai| sukumAlikA usase bhoga bhoganA cAhatI hai| usakI milana-utsukatA ko kavi ne eka sahaja bhAva se abhivyakta kiyA hai - bharatAra suM sukha bhogavU re haMsa ghaNI ghaNau heja re| suNa hai sakhara samArIyau re, sakharI sajI sukha seja re| dIvA kIdhA tihA~ dIpatA re, phUTarI pahirI phUlamAla re| parimala mahakai mahula mai re, vAru gaMghoTI vicAla re||2 rAha meM cakavI ko cakave ke viraha meM vyathita dekha rAjA pavanaMjaya ko apanI patnI ke prati prema jAgrata hotA hai| vaha vahIM se lauTatA hai aura cupacApa aJjanA se milane calA jAtA hai| kavi ne donoM ke saMbhoga-zRMgAra kA kitanA saMyamita evaM saMkSipta varNana kiyA hai rAti chAnau pAchau Ayau, aJjanAsundarI suM sukha paayu||3 rAjA zatAnIka apanI rAnI mRgAvatI kA dohada pUrNa karane ke lie usake sAtha sarovara meM snAna karatA hai| isa sukhada saMyoga meM rAnI mAnasa-haMsa-sI tairakara paramAnanda prApta karatI hai| kavi kI nimnAMkita paMktiyA~ isa rocaka prasaMga ko udghATita karatI haiM - gItagAna karai goraDI, adbhuta sarva upaay| caturaMga senA paravaryau, sAthi satAnIka raay|| AvI rANI bAvar3I ati sundara sopaan| rANI paiThI jhIlivA, mAnasa haMsa samAna // isI taraha saMyoga-zRMgAra meM otaprota karane vAle eka-do aura udAharaNa dekheN| madanarekhA jaba garbha dhAraNa karatI hai, taba vaha svapna meM candra-darzana karatI hai| vaha rAtri meM hI 1. naladavadantI-rAsa (5.5.10-13, 20-22) 2. draupadI-caupAI (1.9.1,8) 3. aJjanA satI gItam (5) 4. mRgAvatI-rAsa (1.4.9-10)

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344 mahopAdhyAya samayasundara : vyaktitva evaM kRtitva apane pati jugabAhu se apanA svapra-darzana kahane ko prastuta hotI hai - ika dina mayaNarehA tina avasara, nisa bhara sUtI ApaNe mndir| supana pherave punamacandA, jAgata pragaTyo paramAnandA // canda supana manamAhe dharatI, cAlI nija priyu pAse nirtii| rAjahaMsa jima lIlA karatI, ThamaThama aMgaNa pagalA dhrtii| ApaNa priu ne pAse Ave, komala vacane kaMta jgaave| mayaNarehA bolI ati mIThI, candasvapana svAmI maiM diittho|| laGkA vijaya para rAma-sItA ke milApa ko kavi ne jisa sajIva zabdAvali meM avatarita kiyA hai, vaha kavi ke racanA-kauzala kA paricAyaka hai - jAMNe sIMcI candanai re, jhIlI amRta kuNDa re| chAMTI kapUra pANI karI re, ima sukha pAmyo akhaNDa re|| sItA rAma sAmho joyo re, rAma thayA ati hRSTa re| cakravAka jima praha samai re, cakravAkI nI dRSTi re|| rAma sItA beU~ milyA re, je thayo sukha saneha re| te jANai eka kevalI re, ke vali jANaiM teha re|| 1.1.2 vipralambha zrRMgAra ___ Alocya sAhitya meM vipralambha kI dazoM dazAoM kA citraNa hameM upalabdha hotA hai| kavi kA viraha-varNana bihArI Adi kI taraha UhAtmaka evaM atizayoktipUrNa na hokara vedanAtmaka aura akRtrima hai| kavi kI adhikAMza viraha-pAtrAe~ viraha ke prArambhika kAla meM tIvra vedanA kI anubhUti karatI haiM, lekina bAda meM ve ise karmaphala Adi samajhakara dharmapUrvaka jIvana bitAtI haiN| vivecya racanAoM ke vipralambha zrRMgAra pakSa kI eka aura vizeSatA hai ki ye viraha pAtrAe~ kRSNa kI gopikAoM kI bhAMti mAtra viyoga-pIr3A se chaTapaTAtI hI nahIM hai, apitu use dUra karane ke lie svayaM puruSArtha bhI karatI haiN| puNyasAracaritra' kI nAyikA isakA uttama udAharaNa hai| yadyapi vivecya kAvya kI bhUmi simaTakara zAnta rasa meM kendrita huI hai, para vipralambha-zRMgAra kA jo jIvanta rUpa prastuta huA hai, vaha bhAvapakSIya ramaNIyatA kA sRjana kara rasodreka meM sahAyaka banatA hai| __sthUlibhadra tathA kozA se saMbaMdhita sabhI racanAe~ vipralambha zRMgAra kI dAhakajvAlA kA darzana karAtI haiN| kozA kahatI hai ki paradezI se prIti kabhI nahIM karanI cAhie, kyoMki usakA punaH AnA kaThina hai| maiMne bhI paradezI se prIti kI aura aba viraha jvAlA se dhadhaka rahI huuN| dina meM anna-jala grahaNa na kara pAne ke kAraNa dukhI hU~ aura rAtri 1. cAra pratyeka-buddha caupaI (3.3.1-3) 2. sItArAma-caupAI (7.5.14-16)

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samayasundara kI racanAoM meM sAhityika tattva 345 meM nIMda na Ane ke kaarnn| isake alAvA maiM apane premI ko patra bhI nahIM likha sakatI, kyoMki patra likhate samaya vaha azrunadI se Ardra ho jAtA hai - prItar3iyA na kIjai ho nAri paradesiyAM re, khiNa khiNa dAjhai deh| vIchaDiyA vAlhesara malavo dohilau re, sAlai adhika saneha // rAti nai tau nAvai vAlhA nIMdar3I re, divasa na lAgai bhuukh| anna nai pANI mujha nai navi rucai re, dina-dina sabalo duHkha // mana nA manoratha savi mana mA rahyA re, kahiyai kehanai re saathi| kAgaliyA to likhatAM bhIjai AMsuAM re, Avai dokhI hAthi // kozA kI nimnalikhita paMktiyA~ bhI uparyuktavat atyanta mArmika haiM - para dukkha jANai nahIM pApiyA re, dusamaNa ghAlai vicai ghAta re| jIva lAgau jehanau jehasyu re, kima sarai kIdhAM viNa vAta re|| troTI navi prIti truTai nahIM re, troTatAM te trUTai mAharA prANa re| kahau kehI pari kIjIyai re, tumheM jau catura sujANa re // 2 nala ke bichur3a jAne para damayantI ko jo viraha-vyathA hotI hai, use kavi ne mUrtimanta banA diyA hai| yahA~ taka ki sUrya ke lie bhI damayantI kI viraha-vedanA kA avalokana kara pAnA asahya ho gayA hai, ataH vaha bhI astAcala kI ora gatimAna ho jAtA hai - ravi jANyu e virahaNI, mata mujha marai hjuur| dekhI na sakuM huM najari, tiNa AthamIyau sUra // 3 candrodaya hone para damayantI candra ke mAdhyama se apane priya ko hRdayasparzI viraha-sandeza kahalAtI hai| kavi ne yaha viraha-sandeza vistArapUrvaka varNita kiyA hai| puNyasAra jaba vallabhI kI sapta zreSThi-putriyoM se vivAha kara unheM chor3a kara calA jAtA hai, to ve pati-viyoga meM rotI-rotI mUrchita hokara bhUmi para gira pdd'iiN| unake virahodgAra pAThaka ke hRdaya ko vicalita kara dete haiN| rudra purohita ne ratnavatI ke prati kAmAsakta hokara siMhalasiMha ko samudra meM dhakela diyaa| priyatama ke viraha-pAza meM jakar3I ratnavatI kI dazA asahya hai| vaha deva taka ko bhI upAlambha detI hai - 1. samayasundara kRti kusumAMjali, zrI sthUlibhadra gItam (1, 3-4) 2. vahI, sthUlibhadra gItam, 3-4 3. nala-davadantI rAsa, khaNDa 3, DhAla 4 se pUrva, dohA 2 4. draSTavya - vahI, 3-4 5. draSTavya - puNyasAracaritra caupAI (10.1-8)

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346 mahopAdhyAya samayasundara : vyaktitva evaM kRtitva hai hai vajra morau hIyau re lAla, pAthara thIya prcNdd| vAlhesara thI vIchaDyAM re lAla, khiNa na thayau stkhNdd|| re re deva tuM kAM ruThau re lAla, kuNa aparAdha maI kiidh| kihAM pIhara kihAM sAsarau re lAla, dukha mAMhe dukha dIdha // 1 laMkA meM rAma ke viyoga meM sItA kI dayanIya avasthA vipralambha-zrRMgAra se sarAbora hai - jehavI kamalanI himabalI, tehavI tanu vichaay| AMkhe AMsU nAkhatI, dharatI dRSTI lgaay|| kesa pAsa chaTai thakaiM, DAvai gAla de haath| nIsAsAM mukha nAMkhatI, dIThI dukha bhara sAthi // 2 nirvAsita sItA ke mahAn guNoM kI smRti hone para rudana karate hue rAma dvArA abhivyakta mArmika udgAra bhI vipralambha-zrRMgAra ko hI prakaTa karate haiM - priya bhASiNI, prItama anurAginI, sadhau ghaNuM suviniit| nATaka gIta vinoda saha mujha, tujha viNa nAvai cIta // sayane rambhA vilAsa gRha kAma-kAja, dAsI mAtA avihar3a neh| maMtrivI buddhi vidhAna dharitrI kSamA nidhAna, sakala kalA guNa geha // neminAtha rAjimatI (rAjula) se saMbaMdhita lagabhaga 35 gItoM kA varNya viSaya hI nemi ke prati rAjimatI kI viraha-pIr3A ko pragaTa karatA hai| virahavarNana meM 'bArahamAsA' kA varNana apanA viziSTa mahattva rakhatA hai| sthAnAbhAva ke kAraNa kevala usI ko hI yahAM avatarita kiyA jA rahA hai, jisameM bAraha mAsoM meM rAjimatI ke viraha tathA tajjanita usakI samasta kriyAoM kI jhAMkI parilakSita hotI hai - sakhi Ayau zrAvaNa mAsa, piu nahIM mAMharai paasi| kaMta binA hU~ karatAra, kIdhI kisI bhaNI naari|| bhAdravai varasai meha, virahaNI dhUjai deha / gayau nemi gar3ha giranAri, gira vahI na sakI naari|| AMsU amIjharai caMda, saMyoginI sukhkNd| niramala thayA sara nIra, nemi binA hU~ dilgiir|| kAtiyai kAminI Tola, ramai rAsar3ai raMga roli| hU~ ghari baisI rahi ethi, mana mAharau piu jethi|| 1. siMhalasuta priyamelaka rAsa (5.10-11) 2. sItArAma-caupAI (khaNDa 6, DhAla 2 se pUrva, dUhA 24-25) 3. vahI (8.3.3-4)

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samayasundara kI racanAoM meM sAhityika tattva magasarai vAjai vAya, virahaNI kema khamAya / maMda kiyA ke aMtarAya, te kevalI kahivAya // pApiyau Avayau poSa, syau jIvivA nau sosa / dina ghaTyA bAdhI rAti, te gamuM keNa saMghAti // mAha mAsa virahI mAra, zIta par3ai sabala ThaThAra / bhogI rahai tana meli, mujha nai piyu mana mela // phUTarA phAguNa bAga, nara nArI khelai phAga / nemi milai nahIM jAM sIma, tAM sIma ramivA nIma // caitra Ama mauryA caMga, koyalI milI mana raMga / bAI mAharau bharatAra, kI melasyai karatAra // vaizAkha vAru mAsa, nahIM tAr3hi tar3akau tAsa / U~cI car3hi AvAsa, vaisayai kehanai pAsa // jeTha mAsi lU nau jora, mehanai citArai mora / hU~ piNa citA nemi, paNi nemi nANaI prema // ASAr3ha umaTyA meha, gayA paMthi ApaNi geha / hU~ paNi jouM priya vATa, khAMti vachAuM khATa // isa taraha hama pAte haiM ki vivecya sAhitya meM zRMgAra - lIlA bar3I ramaNIyatA ke sAtha mukharita huI hai| 347 1.2 hAsya rasa hAsya rasa kA sthAyI bhAva 'hAsa' hai| AcAra-vyavahAra tathA veza-bhUSA kI anupayuktatA, asaMgati, bhaddApana, vikRti, dhRSTatA, capalatA, pralApa, vyaMgya Adi isake vibhAga mAne gaye haiM / bharata ne hAsya ke do upabheda kiye haiM - ( 1 ) Atmastha, jahA~ vidUSaka yA pAtra svayaM ha~satA hai aura (2) parastha, jahA~ vaha dUsaroM ko ha~sAtA hai| abhinava ne isakA pariSkRta rUpa isa prakAra diyA hai - ( 1 ) svagata hAsya aura (2) anyatrasaMkrAnta hAsya 3 kavi ne apanI racanAoM meM aneka sthAnoM para hAsya bhAvanAoM kI sundara sRSTi kI hai| isa rasa ke pallavana ke lie kavi ne racanA athavA anya kisI ke rUpa-raMga, AkAra-prakAra, bolacAla Adi meM koI aisA vilakSaNa vikAra pradarzita kiyA hai, jo AhlAda kA utpAdaka hotA hai / anyAyapura ke rAjA kI nyAya-paddhati isa rasa kA acUka 1. samayasundara kRti kusumAMjali, bArahamAsA gItam (1-12) 2. hindI abhinava bhAratI, pRSTha 572 3. vahI, pRSTha 573

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348 mahopAdhyAya samayasundara : vyaktitva evaM kRtitva udAharaNa hai| kathA yaha hai ki eka cora ne kisI ke ghara meM seMdha lgaayii| saMyoga se dIvAra gira gaI aura cora kI mRtyu ho gii| cora kI mAM ne rAjA ne nyAya maaNgaa| rAjA ne, jisake ghara cora ne seMdha lagAyI, use bulaayaa| gRhasvAmI ne kArIgara ko doSI batAyA, jisane dIvAra kaccI bnaaii| kArIgara ne eka yuvatI ko aparAdhI kahA, jisane usakA dhyAna AkRSTa kiyaa| yuvatI ne parivrAjaka ko doSI ThaharAyA, jo nagna thaa| parivrAjaka ne rAjakumAra ko aparAdhI siddha kiyA, jisane usakI ora ghor3A daudd'aayaa| rAjakumAra ne vidhAtA para doSAropaNa kiyaa| rAjA va mantrI ne vidhAtA ko khoja ke lie apane sAre karmacArI bheje| isa taraha yaha sampUrNa kathA hI hAsya-loka se avatarita huI hai| maje kI bAta to yaha hai ki isa nagara kA nAma aura nagara ke padAdhikAriyoM evaM pramukha nAgarikoM ke nAma taka bhI hAsya-rasa ke hI poSaka haiM - anyAyapura pATaNa iso, tehano suNo tamAsau re| sarakhe sarakhaM sahu milyuM, suNatAM Avai hAsau re|| nirvicAra rAjA ihA~, sarvalUTAka talAro re| sarvaMgila muMhato ihA~, pradhAna ihA~ anAcAro re|| ajJAna rAzi guru hai tihA~, rAjavaidya jaMtuketo re| uSadha rasa chai ehane, kuTuMba kolAhala te-to re // nagaraseTha vaMcanAmatI, purohita te silApAto re| kapaTakozA vezyA sahI, ghAle te sahu ne ghAto re||2 'dAna-zIla-tapa-bhAvanA-saMvAda' meM dAna-zIla-tapa-bhAva-cAroM kA vyaMgyapUrNa saMvAda jahA~ eka ora zAnta-rasa pradhAna hai, vahIM dUsarI ora hAsyarasa se sarAbora hai| isI taraha sAMba-pradyumna caupAI ke tIsare khaNDa kI sampUrNa ghaTanAe~ evaM prasaMga hAsyarasa se pUrNa haiN| usameM pradyumna dvArA kahI gaI bAteM, banAye gaye vividha rUpa aura kiye gaye dhRSTatApUrNa kArya saba ke saba hAsyotpAdaka haiN| usI kA eka prasaMga hama yahA~ uddhRta karate haiN| satyabhAmA rukmiNI se dveSa rakhatI hai| pradyumna eka paNDita kA rUpa banAkara satyabhAmA ke pAsa pahu~catA hai| satyabhAmA usase nivedana karatI hai ki vaha use rukmiNI se adhika sundara hone kA upAya btaaveN| pradyumna dvArA nirdiSTa upAya aura satyabhAmA dvArA usa upAya kI kriyAnviti ko par3hate hue ha~sI ke mAre pAThaka ke peTa meM darda ho uThatA hai - 1. dekhiye -- campaka-zreSThI caupAI (2.4) 2. campaka-zreSThI caupAI (2.4.1-4)

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349 samayasundara kI racanAoM meM sAhityika tattva mastaka muMDi tuM ApaNuM re, AbharaNa savi utAri // khaMDita daMDita ati jarAre, pahira purANA ciir| mastaka mukhi Akhi saMsi ghasI re, sagaluM lepi sarIra // jima kA tima bhAmA karyau re, arathI na deSai doss| dIsai rUpa bIhAmaNu re, jANe bhUta pradoSa // 'ruMDa buMDa svAhA', 'ruMDa buMDa svAhA' re, AThotara sau vaar| maMtra guNe aNabolatI re, hosyai rUpa apAra // 1 kavi ne nArada ke rUpa ko jisa rIti se citrita kiyA hai, vaha ha~sI ke indradhanuSa bikheratA-sA pratIta hotA hai - daMDa kamaMDala hAtha le lIdhuM, jaTAjUTa sira ttop| ___ galai janoI muMjanI mekhalA, gaNe trikA aattop||2 draupadI ke haraNa ho jAne para usakI atyadhika khoja karavAI gaI, parantu jaba usakA kahIM patA na cala sakA, to kuntI kRSNa ke pAsa gii| kRSNa ne jaba kuntI se Ane kA kAraNa pUchA to vaha vyaMgyamizrita bhAvoM meM kahane lagI - kyA kahU~, kahane jaisI bAta nahIM hai, kintu kahe bagaira kAma bhI nahIM bnegaa| kRSNa! yahA~ tuma itanI rAniyoM ke pati hokara bhI una sabakI rakSA karate ho aura vahA~ pA~ca pati hote hue bhI eka patnI kI rakSA nahIM kara sake yAni draupadI kA apaharaNa ho gyaa| yahA~ madhura ha~sI AnI svAbhAvika hai| 1.3 karuNa-rasa Alocya kavi ke sAhitya meM karuNa-rasa kA paripAka ucca koTi kA huA hai| karuNa atyanta komala ratna hai| isakA sthAyIbhAva zoka hai| kavi kI racanAoM meM karuNarasapUrita prasaMgoM ke paryavekSaNa se hI jJAta ho jAtA hai ki iSTa hI hAni, aniSTa kI prApti evaM prema-pAtra ke viyoga Adi zoka ke samucita avasaroM para yaha rasa niSpanna hotA hai| kavi kA hRdaya karuNArdra thaa| unake hRdaya kI yahI bhAvukatA unakI racanAoM ke karuNamaya prasaMgoM meM antataH abhivyakta huI hai| isIlie vaha pAThaka ke hRdaya ko chUtI va marma ko bedhatI hai| sacamuca, kavi kI antapIr3A ko ujAgara karane meM karuNa rasa ke prasaMga sahAyaka siddha hue haiN| isI kAraNa bhavabhUti ne 'eko rasaH karuNa eva'3 kahakara karuNa ko sarvarasoM kA mUla svIkAra kiyaa| ___ rukmiNI ne pradyumna nAmaka putra ko janma diyaa| zrI kRSNa use apanI goda meM khelA rahe the| Akasmika eka zatru-deva AyA aura rukmiNI kA rUpa banAkara kRSNa se 1. sAMba-pradyumna caupAI (10.16-19) 2. draupadI-caupAI (2.9.5) 3. uttararAma-carita (3.47)

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350 mahopAdhyAya samayasundara : vyaktitva evaM kRtitva pradyumna ko lekara campata ho gyaa| rahasya khulane para rukmiNI putra-viyoga meM AkAzapAtAla eka karatI huI vilApa karane lgii| usake isa zokapUrNa krandana se bhalA, kisakA citta dravIbhUta nahIM hogA - jIvana prANa amhArai e putra, putra binA prANa chUTai re| hAsI thI veSAsI thAyai, ati tANuM piNa truTai re|| re re deva duSTa doSI jana, mai tujha syuM aparAdhya~ re|| putra viyoga kiyau kAM pApI, syuM kahinai tai sAdhyau re|| nayaNe deva nidhAna dikhADI, hAtha thI jhar3apI lIdhuM re| anupama putra ratana udAlyuM, AvaDuM dukha kA dIdhuM re|| nala aura damayantI jaba ayodhyA kA tyAga karake jAte haiM, usa samaya parijana, prajAjana, dAsiyA~ ityAdi unheM pahu~cAne ke lie Ate haiN| una sabhI logoM kI zokavihvalatA ke prasaMga ko kavi ne atyanta karuNa banA diyA hai| isI prakAra nemi evaM rAjula se saMbaMdhita gItoM meM nemi ke vivAha meM sammilita svajanoM ke bhojana nimitta bandI banAye niraparAdha pazuoM kI karuNa-cItkAra sunakara nemi karuNAbhibhUta hokara binA vivAha kiye hI vApasa lauTa jAte haiM aura rAjula vilApa karane lagatI hai| pAThaka kA hRdaya bhI unake isa citraNa se karuNAplAvita ho jAtA hai| bhagavAn mahAvIra ke nirvANa ho jAne para gaNadhara gautama dvArA kiye gaye zoka kA to kavi ne atyadhika hRdayagrAhI citra upasthita kiyA hai| isI taraha putra-viyoga meM mAtA marudevI dvArA vyakta nimnAMkita vacana bhI marmasparzI haiM - suranara kor3i suM parivarayau, hIMDatau vanitA majhAra re| Aja bhamai vana ekalau, RSabha jI jagat AdhAra re / / rAja lIlA sukha bhogiyau, mhArau riSabha sukumAla re| Aja sahai te pariSahA, bhUkha tRSA nita kAla re|| hasti Upara caDyau hIMDatau, Agali jaya-jayakAra re| Aja hIDai re alavAhaNau, cihuM disi bhamara guMjAra re|| seja talAi meM paur3hatau, vara paTakUla vichAi re| Aja tau bhUmi saMthArar3au, baiThar3A rayaNI vihAi re| 1. sAMba-pradyumna caupAI (1.4.4, 7-8) 2. draSTavya - naladavadantI rAsa (2.2) 3. draSTavya - nemi va rAjula se saMbaMdhita samasta gIta (samayasundara kRti kusumAMjali, pRSTha 111 se 142 taka prakAzita) 4. draSTavya - zrI gautama svAmI gItam (1-6)

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samayasundara kI racanAoM meM sAhityika tattva mastaki chatra dharAvatau, cAmara vIMjatA sAra re / Aja ta mastakai ravi tapai, DAMsa masaka bhaNakAra re // ima mujha dukha karaMtar3A, rovaMtA rAta naMi dIsa re / naya aMdha paDalavalyA, mohanI viSama gati dIsa re / 1 draupadI - caupAI meM eka bhikhArI kI dayanIya avasthA ke citraNa meM bhI aisA hI karuNa rasa kA paripAka huA hai DIla mAkhI aNabaNai, hAthe lAkar3e lIdha re / paga bAMdhyA pATA ghaNA, mAthai ThIkaruM dIdha re // ghari-ghari bhikSA mAMgatau, khaMDita daMDita cIra re / dIsai dIna dayAmaNau, sundara nahIM sarIra re // 2 'sItArAma caupAI' meM Adyanta aise aneka sthala haiM, jo karuNa rasa se otaprota haiN| rAvaNa dvArA sItA kA haraNa karane se lekara rAma dvArA sItA ko punaH prApta karane paryanta sArI ghaTanAe~ karuNarasa kA AsvAda karAtI haiN| sItA kA to vivAha pazcAt kA adhikAMzataH jIvana karuNa prasaMgoM ko lie hue hai| sItA haraNa para rAma kA vilApa duHkhadravita hai hAhA priyA tU kihAM gaI, ati UtAvali eha / viraha khamyo jAyai nahIM, mujhana darasaNa dehi || prANa chUTaI to bAhirA, tUM mujha jIvana prANa / tujha pAkhai jIvuM nahIM, bhAvaI jAMNi ma jANi // 3 rAvaNa ke zastra se mRtaprAyaH lakSmaNa ko dekhakara rAma kI mana sthiti kA jo citraNa kavi ne kiyA hai,x use par3hakara to pAThaka zokAkula hokara A~sU bahAne ko vivaza ho jAtA hai / lakSmaNa ke nidhana para rAniyoM kA pralApa tathA zaMbUka ke vadha para candranakhA kAvilA evaM rAvaNa kI mRtyu para mandodarI Adi rAniyoM kA rudana to itanA adhika karuNA se abhibhUta hai ki pASANa hRdaya bhI pighala jAtA hai| prastuta hai, lakSmaNa kI rAniyoM dvArA kiye gaye karuNa - pralApa se saMbaMdhita eka padya - 1. zrI marudevI mAtA gItam (2-7) 2. draupadI - caupAI (1.10.3-4) 3. sItArAma - caupAI (5.8. dUhA 2, 4) 4. draSTavya - sItArAma - caupAI (6.5.17-28) 5. vahI (9.5) 6. draSTavya vahI (5.3) 7. draSTavya - vahI (7.3.8-12) - 351

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352 mahopAdhyAya samayasundara : vyaktitva evaM kRtitva pokAra karatAM hIyo phATaiM, hAra tror3ai aapnnaa| AbharaNa deha thakI utArai, jharaiM AMsU ati ghnnaa| rAvaNa ke mahaloM meM virahinI sItA varNana karuNa-sAgara meM DUbA dene bAlA hai - dIThI sIta dayAmaNI, durabala kSINa sarIra // jehavI kamala nI himabalI, tehavI tanu vichaay| AMkheM AMsU nAkhatI, dharatI dRSTi lgaay|| kesapAsa chUTai thakaI, DAvaI gAla de haath| nIsAMsAM mukha nAkhatI, dIThI dukha bhara saathi||2 kavi kRta 'satyatasiyA duSkAla varNana chattIsI' bhI Adi se anta taka karuNarasa pradhAna hai| 'satyAsiyA duSkAla varNana chattIsI' aura 'campaka zreSThI caupAI' meM duSkAla kA kiyA gayA citraNa, hamArI hattantrI ko jhakajhora DAlatA hai| udAharaNArtha - matakairasthigrAme jAte zrIpattane nagare // bhikSubhayAt kapATe jaTite vyavahAribhirbhazaM bahubhiH / puruSairmAne mukte sIdati sati sAdhu varge'pi / / jAte ca paJca rajatairdhAnyamANe sakalavastuni mhyeN| paradezagate loke muktvA pitRmAtRbandhujanAn / / hAhAkAre jAte mArikRtAnekalokasaMhAre / kenApyadRSTapUrva nizi kolika luNTate nagare // 3 'adholikhita padya meM nirdiSTa sthiti kitanI dayanIya hai -- je paMcAmRta jImatA re, khAtA drAkha akhodd'| kAMTI khAye khorar3I re, ke khejar3a nA chodd|| kavivara kA antima jIvana atyanta duHkhamaya rhaa| eka ora vRddhAvasthA, dUsarI ora durbhikSa se jarjarita deha dekhakara kavi kA mana vyathita ho jAtA hai| kavi ke aneka ziSya the| unhoMne apane ziSyoM ke lie bahuta-kucha kiyA, kintu aise samaya meM sabhI unakA sAtha chor3a gye| yadi te na gurorbhaktAH ziSya kiM tairnirarthakaiH', kahate hue kavi kA hRdaya ro uThatA hai| zoka-sindhu meM nimagna kavi dUsaroM ko bhI saceta karatA hai - 1. vahI (9.5.12) 2. sItArAma-caupAI (6.1.23-25) 3. vizeSa-zataka, prazasti (1-4) 4. campaka-zreSThI caupAI (2.9.6) 5. samayasundara kRti kusumAMjali, guru-duHkhitavacanam (1-saMskRta)

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353 samayasundara kI racanAoM meM sAhityika tattva celA nahIM tau ma karau cintA, dIsai ghaNai cele paNi dukkh| saMtAna karaMmi huA ziSya bahulA, paNi samayasundara na pAyau sukkh|| isa prakAra isa dekhate haiM ki samayasundara ne apane sAhitya meM aise karuNa dRzya upasthiti kiye haiM, jo hameM bhI karuNArdra banA dete haiN| vivecya racanAoM meM dharmopaghAtaja, arthApacayodbhava, zokakRta, citta-glAni-janya Adi karuNa-rasa ke samasta upabhedoM ke prasaMga upalabdha hote haiM, jinakA saMkSipta ullekha hama Upara kara Ae haiN| 1.4 raudra-rasa kavipravara samayasundara ne raudra-rasa kA upayoga adhika nahIM kiyA hai| unhoMne raudratA ke prasaMgoM ko bhI adhikAMzatayA zAnta yA anya rasoM meM ghaTita kara diyA hai, tathApi jahA~ para raudra-rasa kI niSpatti vizeSa Avazyaka thI, vahA~ unhoMne isa rasa kA Alambana liyA hai| raudra-rasa kA sthAyIbhAva krodha mAnA gayA hai| yaha rasa kisI prakAra kA anyAya, apamAna, aziSTatA, atyAcAra aura anucita va hAnikAraka vyavahAra dekhakara unake pratikAra karane ke vicAra se citta meM utpanna hone vAle krodha se uddIpta hotA hai| isake tIna upabhedoM kA saMketa bharata ne kiyA hai - (1) AMgika yA kriyAtmaka, (2) veSAtmaka tathA (3) vcnaatmk| samayasundara ke sAhitya meM tInoM hI prakAra ke raudra-rasa ke ullekha hameM prApta hote haiM, jinheM hama nIce prastuta kreNge| durbhikSa ne apanA raudra rUpa prakaTa kiyaa| prajA ke dhArmika, Arthika, sAmAjika Adi pratyeka kSetra meM isakI pracaNDa raudratA mukharita huii| janatA kI dIna avasthA dekha kavi ne durbhikSa ke anyAya tathA atyAcAra kA jamakara virodha kiyaa| kavi kI pratikAra kI bhAvanA itanI prabala thI ki ve usa para vividha doSAropaNa karane ke alAvA gAliyA~ dete bhI nahIM cUkate - dohilau daMDa mAthai karI, bhIkha maMgAvi bhIlaDA; 'samayasundara' kahai satyAsiyA, thAro kAlo muMha paga niildd'aa|| kUkIyA ghaNuM zrAvaka kitA, tadi dIkSA lAbha dekhADIyA; 'samayasundara' kahai satyAsIyA taI kuTumba bichohA paadd'iiyaa|| siradAra ghaNerA saMhA, gItAra tha giNatI nahIM, 'samayasundara' kahai satyAsIyA, tUM hatiyArau sAlo shii|| 1. vahI, guru-duHkhitavacanam (1-hindI) 2. agnipurANa kA kAvyazAstrIya bhAga, pRSTha 57 3. nATyazAstra (6.68)

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354 'samayasundara' kahaI satyAsIyau, tUM paraho jA hiva pApIyA // 1 nAgazrI ne dharmaruci muni ko bhikSA meM tUmbe kA sAga diyA, jise khAne se muni dharma ko prApta ho gye| nAgazrI ke isa kukRtya para usake pati evaM jeTha Adi ko atyadhika krodha AtA hai / ve use dhikkArate haiN| isa prasaMga meM kavi ne raudra rasa ko abhivyakti dI hai| mahopAdhyAya samayasundara : vyaktitva evaM kRtitva isI prakAra rukmiNI kI apekSA adhika lAvaNyavatI banane kI icchA se satyabhAmA jaba pradyumna dvArA batAI huI vidhi ko kriyAnvita kiyA, taba usakA raudra svarUpa hamAre samakSa upasthita hotA hai / jaba vaha Aga babUlA hokara brAhmaNa rUpadhArI pradyumna ko gAliyA~ detI hai, to raudra ke uttejaka pakSa kA sAkSAtkAra hotA hai / 3 1 rAjA padmanAbha dvArA apahRta draupadI ko mukta karAkara pA~ca pA~Dava aura kRSNa lavaNa samudra pAkara gaMgA-taTa phuNce| pA~DavoM ne naukA dvArA gaMgA pAra kii| kRSNa kI zakti dekhane ke lie unhoMne naukA vApasa nahIM bhejI / kRSNa bhujAoM se tairakara nadI pAra karate haiN| pAMDavoM dvArA naukA na bhejane kA kAraNa jJAta hone para zrIkRSNa bar3e krodhita hue| unhoMne unheM phaTakArA aura apane deza se unheM nikAla diyaa| yaha prasaMga raudra rasa kA paricAyaka hai / sArthavAhoM para cora DAkuoM ne hamalA kiyA, to damayantI isa atyAcAra ko sahana na kara sakI aura usane - damayantI kahai ema, bAMha U~cI karI, re re cora caraDa jaNAe / mai rASyau e sAtha, kuNa lUTI sakai, nikala prayAsa e tumha taNA e // e bAUlI karai vAta, cora cihuM disi, sAtha lUTaNa tatapara thayA e| satI kI huMkAra, sIMhaNinI pariM, taskara mRga trAsI gayA e // 5 hanumAna rAma kA sandeza lekara laGkA phuNce| sItA se milakara jaba ve usa sthAna se bAhara nikale, to rAkSasoM ne unheM tatkAla ghera liyaa| isase hanumAna ne krodhAveza meM vRkSa ukhAr3a-ukhAr3akara unheM mAranA zuru kiyA ripudala truTi paDyA samakAlaI, hanumaMta upari tatkSaNa / hanumaMta ripudala bhAMjI nAkhyA, vRkSa prahAra vicakSaNa // vali sahu subhaTa milInaI dhAyA hanumanta Upara asidhara / hanumaMta hayA gadA hathiyAraI, andhakAra jimi dinakara // 1. samayasundara kRti kusumAMjali, satyAsiyA duSkAla- varNana chattIsI (5,10,18,28) 2. draSTavya - draupadI - caupAI ( prathama khaNDa ) 3. draSTavya - zAMba - pradyumna caupAI (DhAla 10 - 12 ) 4. draupadI - caupAI (tRtIya khaNDa) 5. naladavadantI - rAsa (3.5.9 - 10 ) 6. sItArAma - caupAI (3.2.40-41 )

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355 samayasundara kI racanAoM meM sAhityika tattva phira to hanumAna kA roSa ubalane lgaa| usane vikarAla vAnara kA rUpa dhAraNa kara laGkA ko tahasa-nahasa kara diyaa| hanumAna ke pratyeka kArya se krodha vyaMjita raudra-rasa kA paripAka ho jAtA hai| isI taraha indrajita dvArA nAgapAza meM Abaddha hanumAna kA aura rAvaNa kA paraspara saMvAda krodha ko uddIpta karatA hai| bhAmaNDala dvArA bharata ko lakSmaNa kI mUrchA kA patA lagate hI use rAvaNa para bar3A krodha AtA hai aura vaha rAvaNa ko mauta ke ghATa utArane ke lie yaha kahate hue talavAra lekara daur3atA hai - re re kihAM rAvaNa tiko, te dekhADo mujjha / jiNa mujha bAMdhava nai haNyo, tiNa setI karU~ jhujjha // 2 raNa meM rAma-pakSa kI ora vibhISaNa ko dekhate hI rAvaNa krodhAbhibhUta ho jAtA hai| rAvaNa aura vibhISaNa kA saMvAda eka-dUsare kI supta raudratA ko jAgRta karane vAlA hai| isI prakAra kavi ne saMgrAmAdi ke prasaMgoM meM raudrarasa kI sundara avatAraNA kI hai| vistArabhaya se una sabhI kA yahA~ ullekha karanA azakya hai| 1.5 vIrarasa ___ vIrarasa kA sthAyIbhAva utsAha hai| mana meM isa rasa kA saJcAra usa vikaTa paristhiti ke kAraNa hotA hai, jo utsAha vIratA, sAhasa ityAdi guNoM se utpanna hotA hai| sAhitya-darpaNa meM vIra rasa ke cAra bheda kiye gaye haiM - 1.yuddhavIra, 2.dAnavIra 3. dayAvIra aura 4 dhrmviir| Alocya sAhitya meM ukta cAroM prakAra ke vIrarasoM kA sundara nirvAha huA hai| 1.5.1 yuddhavIra rAjA padmanAbha kA pA~ca pAMDavoM se yuddha hotA hai, kintu jaba pANDava use aura usakI vizAla senA para vijaya pAne meM samartha na ho sake, taba kRSNa vIrocita utsAha se bhara jAte haiN| ve rathArUr3ha hokara zaMkhanAda karate haiM, sAtha hI dhanuSa TaMkAra bhI - huM nizcaya karI jhUjhasyAM re, jIpasyuM raNa karI jor| hama kahI ratha Upari caDI re, saMkha bajADayau cora // 6 aura bhI - 1. draSTavya - vahI (6.2.39-69) 2. draSTavya - vahI (6.2.61-64) 3. sItArAma-caupAI (6.7 se pUrva dUhA 5) 4. draSTavya - vahI (6.5 se pUrva dUhA 14-18) 5. sAhitya darpaNa (3.234) 6 draupadI-caupAI (3.2.18)

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mahopAdhyAya samayasundara : vyaktitva evaM kRtitva narasiMha rUpa kisaNa kIyuM, paga ne dAdare jeNa / pola prAkAri bhuraja bhalA, bhuvana pADyA sahu teNa // 1 'sItArAma - caupAI' meM kiyA gayA saMgrAma kA varNana asAdhAraNa rUpa se vIrarasa kA paricaya detA hai| isameM aise aneka padya haiM, jinameM zUravIratA pUrNa kRtyoM kA varNana hai| rAma-rAvaNa ke saMgrAma meM vIrarasa kA nimnAMkita citraNa ojavardhaka hai 356 sarAI bAI siMdhur3ai, madana bheri paNi bAjaI / Dhola damAMmAM ekala dhAI, nAdaI aMbara gAjai // siMhanAda karaI raNasUrA, hAka bumba huMkArA / kA sabada paDyo suNiyai nahIM, kIdhA raja aMdhArA // yuddha mAMhomAhi sabala lAgo, tIra saDAsaDi lAgI / jora karI naI dhA mAraMtAM, subhaTe, taruyAri bhAgI // kuhaka bAMdha chUTai nAli golA, biMdUka vahai bihu~ pAse / rITha par3ai mogara saDagAMrI, agani aDai AkAse / sAmhe dhAe jhUjhai sUra, dhar3a biNa rANI jAyA / dala rAvaNa rau bhAjata dekhI, hattha vihattha bhaDa dhArA // 2 vIra prasUtA bhArata-bhU kA vIra - kAvya mAtra vIrapuruSoM kI vIra gAthAoM se hI' gauravAnvita nahIM hai, apitu vIrAMganAoM ke balidAna, tyAga aura parAkrama-pUrNa kRtyoM se alaMkRta bhI hai / kavi ne bhI vIra-lalanAoM ko apane sAhitya meM sthAna diyA hai| vIrapaniyA~ kSAtradharma kA pAlana karane hetu apane patiyoM ko utsAhita karatI thiiN| saMgrAma-velA inake lie Ananda - velA ke samAna hotI thI / raNa-kSetra meM Atma- balidAna karanA saccI zUravIratA aura kSAtradharma kA pAlana mAnA jAtA thaa| jo vIra yaha mahotsava sampanna karatA usakI patnI apane ko dhanya mAnatI thI / vIra - bAlAoM ke udgAra unake patiyoM kA utsAha bar3hAne vAle aura unake svayaM ke utsAha ko pradarzita karane vAle haiM / kavi ke aneka varNana aise haiM, jinameM vIra nAriyA~ apane-apane patiyoM ko yuddhabhUmi meM zaurya - pradarzana karane ke lie protsAhita karatI haiM / udAharaNArtha - kAcita nArI ima kahaI, prItama kaMThai lAgi / sAmhe ghAye jhUjhije, paNi mati AvaI bhAgi // kAcita nArI ima kahaiM, tiuma karIjye tUM kaMta / ghA dekhI tujha pUThinau, sakhiyaNa mujha na hasaMta // 9. vahI (3.3 se pUrva dUhA 1 ) 2. sItArAma - caupAI (6.4.11 - 15)

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samayasundara kI racanAoM meM sAhityika tattva 357 kAcita nArI ima kahai, jaya pAmI ghari aavi| eka astrI vIra bhArijA, mujhanai viruda khaavi|| vIroM dvArA apanI ramaNiyoM ko pradatta uttara bhI unake roma-roma meM vIrocita utsAha kA sarjana karatA hai, jisase unameM vIrarasa kI siddhi hotI hai ---- subhaTa tikeja sarAhiyaiM, je raNa pahilo bheli| senA bhAMjai satrunI, aNie aNie meli // ari kari daMta upari caDI, haNai Upari sirdaar| ghar3a viNa ghA mArai dhasI, te sAcA jhujhAra // 2 1.5.2 dAnavIra dAna ke prasaMgoM meM bhI utsAha guNa dRSTigata hotA hai| bhagavAn neminAtha se DhaMDhaNa RSi kI prazaMsA sunakara kRSNa praphullita hue| mahala kI ora lauTate samaya kRSNa ko DhaMDhaNa RSi ke darzana ho jAte haiN| ve RSi ko vandana karate haiM, jise dekhakara bhadraka seTha ke mana meM unheM dAna dene kI bhAvanA utpanna hotI hai| seTha ne unheM modaka dAna diyA - trailokyanAtha tIrthaMkara tAharUM, zrI mukha karai vakhANo jii| tUM dhanya tUM kRtapuNya moTo jatI, jIvita janma pramANo jii|| kRSNa nI maniyAvaTa dekhi karI, bhadraka nai thayo bhAvo jii| siMha kezariyA mAdaka sUjhatA, par3ilAbhyA prastAvo jii||3 rAma, sItA aura lakSmaNa jaba daNDakAraNya meM nivAsa kara rahe the, taba do gaganagAmI muni vahA~ pdhaare| unake darzanoM se tInoM ko Ananda huaa| unhoMne muniyoM ko vandanA kI aura unheM pavitra AhAra-dAna dekara svayaM ko kRtakRtya kiyA - vaMdanA kIdhI re lakhamaNa rAma, be kara jor3I taam| Ananda pAmyo re darasaNa dekhi, caMda cakora vishessi| sItA thai re romaMca sarIra, sakhara vahirAvI khiir| nAraMga kelA re phaNasa khajUra, phAsU diyA re bharapUra // 'satyAsiyA duSkAla varNana chattIsI' meM aneka dAnavIroM kA ullekha hai| prastuta hai, eka-do dAnavIroM kI dAnavIratA kA citraNa hai - sAbAsa zAMtidAsa, paraghala apaNAM guru poSyA, pAtrA bhari bharapUra, sAdhanai ghaNA sNtossyaa| 1. vahI, (6.4. se pUrva dUhA 9.11, 15) 2. sItArAma-caupAI (6.4 se pUrva dUhA 24-25) 3. samayasundara kRti kusumAMjali, zrI DhaMDhaNa RSi gItam (5-6) 4. sItArAma-caupAI (5.1.2, 4)

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mahopAdhyAya samayasundara : vyaktitva evaM kRtitva usA pANi ANi, vastra piNa bhalA vaharAvyA, sakhara kIyA laghu ziSya, gacchapiNa garuyaDi paayaa| zrImAlI zrAvakka, gaccha kaDUAmatI giruyau, pUjA karai pradhAna, car3hAvai cAMpau ne mruyu| dAnabuddhi dAtAra, paDyau te durabhikSa pekhI, kholyA dhAnabhakhAra, anna dyai avasara dekhI // 1 1.5.3 dayAvIra kavi ke sAhitya meM 'dayAvIra-rasa' kA poSaNa karane vAle aneka prasaMga haiM, jaise rAjA megharatha, metArya mani, pArzvanAtha aadi| metArya muni ne krauMca pakSI ko bacAne ke lie aneka yAtanAe~ sahana kI thiiN| dayAvIratA kI parAkASThA ke aise udAharaNa itihAsa meM kama hI haiN| bhagavAn pArzvanAtha ne agni meM jalate nAga-nAgina ke yugala ko bcaayaa| kavi ne isa prasaMga kA ullekha pArzvanAtha se saMbaMdhita aneka gItoM meM kiyA hai| eka aisA hI prasaMga rAma ke jIvana meM bhI milatA hai| rAvaNa ne sItA-haraNa ke samaya jaTAyu ko Ahata kara diyA thaa| viraha ke jakhmoM se ati vyathita hote hue bhI rAma ne maraNAsanna jaTAyu kI paricaryA kii| megharatha kI dayAvIratA to sarvaprasiddha hai, jinhoMne zaraNAgata kabUtara kI rakSA hetu bAja ko apane zarIra kA mAMsa kATa-kATa kara diyA thaa| yaha ghaTanA Aja bhI dayAvIratA ke lie preraNA-sUtra hai| kavi ne unakI dayAvIratA kA varNana isa prakAra kiyA hai - kAtI leI piNDa kApI nai, le mAMsa tU sIMcANa rUr3A pNkhii| trAjue tolAvI mujha nai diyau, eha pArivA pramANa rUr3A rAjA / / trAju maMgAvI megharatha rAya jI, kApI-kApI nai mUkai mAMsa rUr3A raajaa| deva mAyA dhAraNa samI, nAvai ekaNa aMsa rUr3A raajaa| tarAjue baiThau rAjavI, je bhAvai te khAya rUr3A pNkhii| jIva thI pArevau adhikau gaNyau, dhanya pitA tujha mAya rUr3A rAjA / / 1.5.4 dharmavIra dharmavIratA to kavi se sampUrNa sAhitya meM sahaja dekhI jA sakatI hai| vAstavikatA to yaha hai ki kavi kI pratyeka racanA kA nAyaka dharmavIra hai| rAvaNa jaise dharmavIra kI dhIratA-vIratA se kauna prabhAvita nahIM hogA, jisane 1. samayasundara kRti kusumAMjali, satyAsiyA duSkAla-varNana-chattIsI (21, 25) 2. draSTavya - samayasundara kRti kusumAMjali, zrI metArya RSi gItam (3-6) 3. draSTavya - sItArAma-caupAI (5.5.5-7) 4. draSTavya - samayasundara kRti kusumAMjali, megharatha rAjA gItam (7-8, 11)

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samayasundara kI racanAoM meM sAhityika tattva 359 balAtkArapUrvaka kisI strI ke sAtha saMbhoga na karane kA vrata lekara mRtyu paryanta usa vrata kA pAlana kiyaa| jambUkumAra kizorAvasthA meM hI cAritrya ke prati apAra utsAha dikhAtA hai| vairAgya ke prati thAvaccAputra kA utsAha bhI darzanIya hai| mA~ kA karuNa vilApa, zikSA, cAritrika kaThinAiyoM kA nidarzana bhI use apane nizcaya se vicalita nahIM kara skaa| sAdhaka sAdhuoM se saMbaMdhita racanAoM se spaSTa jJAta hotA hai ki unake pAtra uccatama dharmavIratA se otaprota haiN| ina pAtroM para jaise-jaise upasarga, parISaha Adi Ate, vaise-vaise unakI dharmavIratA dRr3ha-dRr3hatara se dRr3hatama hotI jaatii| satiyA~ bhI vikaTa se vikaTa paristhiti meM apane satItva para aDiga rahatI haiM- yaha tathya satiyoM se saMbaMdhita racanAoM se spaSTa ho hI jAtA hai| 1.6 bhayAnaka-rasa bhayAnaka-rasa kA sthAyIbhAva 'bhaya' svIkRta hai| kisI kI zArIrika vikRti, AparAdhika pravRtti athavA aniSTa yA saMkaTa-sUcaka sambhAvanA kI abhivyakti meM bhayAnakarasa kA paripAka hotA hai| bharata ne isa rasa ke tIna bheda svIkAra kiye haiM 1. vyAja janya arthAt kRtrima, 2. aparAdhajanya aura 3. vitrAsitaka arthAt khatare kI zaMkA ityAdi se utpnn| kavi ne bhaya kA paripAka aneka sthaloM para kiyA hai, jinameM se yahA~ kucha viziSTa sthaloM ko hI prastuta kiyA jA rahA hai| atula balazAlI rAma ne jaba dhanuSa tor3a diyA, taba usake bhayaMkara TaMkAra se pRthvI evaM parvata kAMpane lage, zeSa-nAga vicalita ho gaye, apsarAe~ bhaya se AtaMkita hokara apane patiyoM se AliMgita ho gaIM, AlAnastambha ukhAr3akara hAthI madonmatta hue daur3a par3e aura sabhI hAhAkAra karane lge| dekhiye kavi ke zabdoM meM - dharaNI dhUjI parvata kApyA, zeSanAga slsliyaa| gala garajArava kIdhau diggaja, jalanidhi jala uuchliyaa| apachara bIhatI jai AliMgyA, AMpa ApaNA bhrtaar| rAkhi rAkhi prItama ima kahatI, amhanai tUM aadhaar|| AlAna thambha uther3I nAMkhyA, gaja chaTa mymtt| bandhana tror3i turaMgama nAThA, khalabala paDIya turnt|| 1. draSTavya - sItArAma-caupAI (paMcama-SaSTha khaNDa) 2. draSTavya - samayasundara kRti kusumAMjali, jambU svAmI gItam (5-9) 3. draSTavya -- thAvaccAsuta RSi-caupAI (khaNDa 1, DhAla 5-10) 4. nATyazAstra (6.81) 5. sItArAma-caupAI (1.7.17-18)

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360 mahopAdhyAya samayasundara : vyaktitva evaM kRtitva vaMzasthala nagara meM eka muni Atma-sAdhanA kara rahe the, parantu una para daivika upasarga ho rahe the| upasargadAyaka deva kA bhImakAya rUpa aura usakI kriyAe~ vIbhatsa mitrita bhayAnaka rasa kI anupama sRSTi karatI haiM - agani sIrISA kesa, A~khi bilI jisI, nipaTa nAsikA ciipddiie| kAtI sarikhI dADha, ati bIhAmiNI, bhAla upari bhRkuTI cddiie|| kAtI nai karavAla, kari jhAli karI, nAcaI kUdaI aaphlie| kAyA manuSya nI koTi mAMsa khAyaI mukhi, hasai dhaNuM naI huuklie|| mUkai aMginI jhAla, khAMu khAMu,khAMu karai, bhUtapreta ambara tlie| krUra mahA vikarAla, bhIma bhayaMkara kAla, kRtAMta rIsaiM biie|| isI prakAra damayantI ko bhakSaNArtha upasthita rAkSasa kI bhairavatA kA citrAMkana alpa zabdoM meM hote hue bhI kitanA DarAvanA hai - kAla rUpa vikarAla, bhIma bhayaMkara, muNDa ruNDa mAlA dharai e| agani taNI mukha jAla, dAr3ha kAtI jisI, yama sarikhau khAu khAu karai e||2 akAla kI bhayAnaka sthiti kA varNana to hama prathama adhyAya meM vistArapUrvaka kara hI cuke haiM; ataH isase saMbaMdhita prasaMga ko vahA~ dekhA jA sakatA hai| sItA se vivAha karane ke lie rAjAjana dhanuSa car3hAne meM sakSama na ho sake, kyoMki dhanuSa pratibhaya utpanna kara rahA thA - abhimAnI rAjA uThyA, dhanuSa car3hAvA laagaa| balatI Agi nI jhAlA UThI, te dekhI nai bhaagaa|| ati ghora bhujaMgama aTTahAsa pizAca upadrava hoii| re re rahau husiyAra AMpAnai, kUDa mAMDyau chai koI // 3 rAma-rAvaNa ke yuddha kI bhayaMkaratA kA citraNa karate hue kavivara kahate haiM - rudhira taNI bUhI nadI, nara saMhAra nisiim| rAmAyaNa sabalo macyo, mahAbhArata rANa bhiim| sItA ke zIla kI agni-parIkSA hetu eka vizAla agnikuNDa taiyAra kiyA gyaa| darzakoM ke lie usameM prajvalita agni kA karAla rUpa ati bhayakArI thaa| kavi samayasundara kahate haiM - 1. sItArAma-caupAI (4.6.10-12) 2. nala-davadantI rAsa (3.5.17) 3. sItArAma-caupAI (1.7.15) 4. vahI, (khaNDa 7.2 se pUrva dUhA 4)

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samayasundara kI racanAoM meM sAhityika tattva 361 rAmanaI ema vimAsatAM Agi badhI suprakAsa re| jhAlojhAla milI gaI, dhUma chAyo AkAsa re / dhaga-dhaga sabada bIhAmaNo, aganino Uchalyo tAma re|| eka gAU no cAMdraNo, cihu~disi thayo ThAma-ThAma re / / bAya DaMDula vAyovalI, je bAlI karaiM khaMbha re| kAyara nA kApyA hiyA, suranara pAmyA acaMbha re||1 1.7 vIbhatsa-rasa vIbhatsarasa kA sthAyIbhAva'juguttsA' hai| kisI vastu ke darzana, smaraNa yA sparza karane se citta meM jo ghRNA utpanna hotI hai, use jugupsA kahate haiN| isI jugupsA yA ghRNA kI pUrNapuSTatA ko vIbhatsa-rasa kahate haiN| vIbhatsa ke do bheda svIkRta kiye gaye haiM - 1. rakta Adi se utpanna hone vAlA zuddha yA kSobhaNa aura 2. viSThA, kRmi Adi se utpanna hone vAlA azuddha yA udvegii| vivecya racanAoM meM vIbhatsa ke donoM bhedoM kA rasoddIpaka varNana upalabdha hai| khandaka muni ke 500 ziSyoM ko pAlaka mantrI ne jIvita hI kolhU meM tila kI taraha pisavA diyaa| kavi ke isa varNana meM vIbhatsa kI pUrNa vyaJjanA huI hai| isI taraha sAdhanAmagna sukozala muni ke zarIra ko jaba eka vyAghra noMca-noMca kara khAne lagA, to ise dekhakara sahaja hI jugupsA kA bhAva utpanna hotA hai| rukmiNI ne RSidattA ke pAsa eka yoginI ko bhejaa| usane eka vyakti kI hatyAkara usakA mAMsa RSidattA ke nikaTa rakha diyA aura rudhira se usakA mu~ha lipta kara diyaa| rAjA kanakaratha ne isa ghRNita dRzya ko dekhA, to usakA mana ghRNA se bhara gyaa| indradhvajA malamUtra meM par3I sar3a rahI thii| use dekhakara dvimukha rAjA pratibuddha bana gyaa| yahA~ bhI vIbhatsa kA spaSTa rasAbhAsa hotA hai| vi0 saM0 1687 meM durbhikSa ke kAraNa anaginata manuSya kAla ke grAsa bne| unake zava sar3akoM aura galiyoM meM par3e sar3a rahe the| unase bhayaMkara durgandha A rahI thI, para unheM uThAne vAlA koI nahIM thaa| kavi kA isa sampUrNa dRzya kA citraNa vIbhatsa rasotpAdaka 1. vahI, (9.2.23-25) 2. nATyazAstra (682) 3. draSTavya - samayasundara kRti kusumAMjali, zrI khaMdakaziSya gItam (1-3) 4. draSTavya - vahI, zrI sukozalasAdhu gItam (4) 5. draSTavya - vahI, zrI RSidattA gItam (3-5) 6. draSTavya - cAra pratyekabuddha-caupAI (2.7)

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362 mahopAdhyAya samayasundara : vyaktitva evaM kRtitva mUA ghaNA manuSya, rAMka galIe raDavaDiyA, sojo valyau sarIra, pachaiM pAja mAMhe pddiyaa| kAlai kavaNa valAiM, kuNa upADai kihAM kAThI, tAMNI nAkhyA teha , mAMDi dyai sagalI maatthii| duragaMdhi dazodizi UchalI, maDA paDyA dIsai muuaa| 'samayasundara' kahai satyAsIyA, kiNa ghari na paDyA kukuaa| punaryathA -- raDavar3atA galIe mUA re, maDA paDyA ThAma tthaaNm| galimAMhe thai gaMdagI re, cai kuNa nAMkhaNa daaNm||2 rAnI mRgAvatI bAvar3I ke rudhira jaise lAla-varNI jala meM snAna karake gIle vastroM sahita bAhara nikalI, to gagana meM ur3a rahe bhAraNDa nAma ke eka mAMsa-bhakSI pakSI ne use dekhaa| bhAraMDa ne Anandaprada bhojana milA, aisA jAnakara mRgAvatI ko apane paMjoM se pakar3akara gagana meM ur3a calA - yaha dRzya bhI vIbhatsapUrNa hai - bAvar3I jhIlI nIsarI, aMga UghAr3ai teh| lAla raMga lAgI haryau, jANi rudhira mRta deha // bhAraMDa nAmA paMkhIyau, gagana bhamatau dekhi| turata te nIco Utaryau, pUrava karama vizeSi // AmiSa paMkhI eha chai, bhalau milyau mujha bhkss| caraNa grahI uDI calyau, sahu dekhatAM pratyakSa ||re 1.8 adbhuta-rasa adbhuta rasa kA sthAyIbhAva vismaya' hai| paNDita nArAyaNa ne sarvatrApyadbhuto' rasa: kI sthApanA kara adbhuta ko hI mUla aura eka mAtra rasa mAnA hai| isa siddhAnta kA mUlAdhAra hai, camatkAra / adbhuta rasa apanI apUrvatA, vicitratA yA vilakSaNatA se hameM mugdha evaM stabdha kara detA hai| adbhuta rasa do prakAra kA mAnya hai - 1. divyaja - deva-saMbaMdhI camatkAra se utpanna aura 2. Anandaja -- manoratha kI siddhi karane vAlI Akasmika ghaTanAoM se utpnn| 1. samayasundara kRti kusumAMjali, satyAsiyA duSkAla-varNana chattIsI (17) 2. caMpaka-zreSThI-caupAI (2.6.13) 3. mRgAvatI-caupAI (1.4. do 1-3) 4. sAhitya darpaNa, vimalA-TIkA, pRSTha 49 5. nATyazAstra (6.83)

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samayasundara kI racanAoM meM sAhityika tattva 363 vivecya racanAoM meM vismayajanaka prasaMgoM kA prAcurya hai| kucheka saMkSepa meM nIce prastuta haiM - agnibhUti aura vAyubhUti nAmaka do paMDita naMdIvardhana muni se zAstrArtha meM parAjita hone para rAtri meM ve muni ko talavAra se mArane ke lie udyata hue, kintu unake Azcarya kI sImA na rahI jaba unake hAtha hI patthara ke bana gaye / inhIM muni ne jaba eka gUMge vyakti se bAtacIta kI, to samasta grAmINa Azcarya se cakarA uThe / 2 pradyumna ne dvArikA meM Akara jitane kautuhala - yukta kArya kiye ve, saba ke saba adbhuta rasa ke sraSTA haiN| udAharaNArtha - pradyumna dvArA vAnara kA AvirbhAva karanA, mAtra eka vAnara dvArA rAnI satyabhAmA ke virAT udyAna ke samasta phala khA jAnA va sAre per3a-paudhe naSTa kara denaa| isI taraha eka azva kI avatAraNA karanA, azva dvArA khetoM ko tRNazUnya aura kUpoM ko jalazUnya karanA, bhAnukumAra ke vivAha hetu banAye hue sAre pakavAnoM ko khA jAnA Adi... Adi / 3 ilAputra, metArya Adi jina vyaktiyoM yA sAdhanoM ne jisa avasthA meM kaivalya prApta kiyA, usakA varNana adbhuta rasa kA paripAka karatA hai / 4 indra dazArNabhadra ke ahaM ko naSTa karane nimitta mahAvIra svAmI ko vandana karane ke lie AtA hai| usake hAthI kA citraNa pratyeka vyakti ko asaMbhAvita-sA lagatA hai eka hAthI taNai ATha daMtasUlA, daMta - daMta ATha-ATha vAvi sohai / vAvi-vAvi ATha-ATha kamala tihAM, ATha-ATha pAMkhar3I pekhatAM mantra mohai // patra - patrai battIsa baddha nATaka par3ai, kamala bici iMdra baiThau ANandai / ATha vali AgaliM agra mahiSI khar3I, vIra naI eNa vidhi indra vAMdai // zreNika dvArA rAjarSi prasannacandra kI gati pUchane para bhagavAn mahAvIra ne narakagati batAyI aura kucha kSaNoM pazcAt hI mokss| bhagavAn kI isa aTapaTI ukti se rAjA bar3A Azcaryita hotA hai| 1. draSTavya - zAMba - pradyumna - caupAI (5.27-29) 2. draSTavya * vahI (5.20 - 23 ) 3. draSTavya - zAMba - pradyumna - caupAI (10-11 ) -- 4. draSTavya - samayasundara kRti kusumAMjali (sAdhugItAnI) 5. samayasundara kRti kusumAMjali, zrI dazArNabhadra gItam (5-6) 6. vahI, zrI prasannacandra rAjarSi gItam

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mahopAdhyAya samayasundara : vyaktitva evaM kRtitva eka strI eka pati hI varaNa karatI hai aura vahI pativratA mAnI jAtI hai, lekina draupadI pAMca patiyoM kI patnI hokara bhI satI kahalAtI hai - yaha tathya ajIba-sA lagatA hai | satI subhadrA ne apane satItva - bala para kacce dhAge ke sUtra ke dvArA calanI meM kUpa se pAnI nikAlA aura kisI se na khulane vAle 'caMpAdvAra' para usa pAnI ke chIMTe girAkara khola diyA / yaha prasaMga kitanA vilakSaNa evaM vicitra hai 364 rAma dvArA devAdhiSThita dhanuSa car3hAnA re, lakSmaNa dvArA koTizilA ko bAMyI bhujA se U~cI uThAnA, muni ko vandana karane mAtra se pakSI (jaTAyudha) ke durgandhita zarIra kA sugandhita aura nIroga ho jAnA' ityAdi prasaMga bhI acaraja bhare haiN| sItA ke zIla kI agni- parIkSA adbhuta rasa kA zreSTha udAharaNa hai| sau hAtha dIrgha vApI kI dhadhakatI huI agni meM sItA praveza karatI hai, parantu acambhe kI bAta yaha hai ki vaha agni jala meM parivartita ho jAtI hai| ajasra jala-pravAha ke kAraNa saba loga DUbane lge| sabane sItA ko devanirmita svarNamaNi-pIThikA para sahasradala kamalAsana para virAjamAna dekhaa| sItA ne jala-pravAha ko stambhita kara diyA aura devoM ne prakaTa hokara puSTavRSTi kii| isa taraha yaha adbhutarasa kA eka acchA udAharaNa hai / kAce tAMtaNa sUtra nai jI, cAlaNI kADhyuM nIra / caMpA bAra ughADiyau jI, sIle sAhasa dhIra // 2 isI prakAra rAjA siMharatha ke pAsa do ghor3e bheMTa-rUpa aaye| ghor3oM kI parIkSA karane ke lie rAjA aura rAjakumAra - donoM eka-eka ghor3e para savAra hokara zahara se bAhara nikala par3e, parantu jaba ve ghor3oM ko rokane ke lie jaise-jaise lagAma khIMcate haiM, ve ghor3e vaise-vaise adhika teja gati se daur3ate haiM / anta meM unhoMne jaba majabUra hokara lagAma DhIlI chor3I, to ghor3e bhI tatkAla ruka gye| donoM vyakti isa rahasyapUrNa ghaTanA se cakita ho jAte haiN| siMhalakumAra ne kUpa se manuSya kI AvAja sunI to usane use bAhara nikAla diyA, lekina siMhala ke Azcarya kA pAra hI na rahA ki vaha vAstava meM sarpa thA, jo mAnavIya bolI bola rahA thaa| usane bAhara nikalate hI siMhala ko kATa khAyA, jisase vaha kubar3A 1. vahI, daupadI - caupAI (2.8.2) 2. samayasundara kRti kusumAMjali, zrI subhadrAsatI gItam (4) 3. draSTavya - sItArAma - caupAI (1.7.17) 4. draSTavya 5. draSTavya 6. draSTavya 7. draSTavya vahI (6.1.23) * sItArAma - caupAI (5.1.6-10 ) - vahI (9.2) - cAra pratyeka-buddha-caupAI (4. 1) -

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samayasundara kI racanAoM meM sAhityika tattva 365 ho gayA / nala ne bhI isI taraha jalate hue sarpa ko agni se nikAlA, para sarpa ne use kATa diyA, jisase usake AkAra-prakAra meM vismayajanaka vikRti A gaI thI / 2 isa taraha hama dekhate haiM ki kavi ne apane kAvyoM meM aneka kathAnakoM ko lekara adbhuta rasa kI acchI sRSTi kI hai| 1. 9 zAnta - rasa kavivara samayasundara ke sAhitya-praNayana ke pArzvapakSa meM eka hI manovRtti dRSTigocara hotI hai ki manuSya ko sAMsArika viSaya-bhogoM se udAsIna banAkara mokSamArga meM pravRtta karanA / isI ke phalasvarUpa kavi kI sampUrNa racanAe~ zAntarasa meM paryavasita hotI haiN| racanAoM ke bIca kA vAtAvaraNa zrRMgArAdi rasoM se kitanA bhI otaprota kyoM na ho, unakA anta zAnta rasa meM hotA hai| ataH pratyeka rasa kA paryavasAna antataH zAnta meM hone ke kAraNa hama vivecya sAhitya kA rasarAjatva 'zAntarasa' ko pradAna kara sakate haiM / 'nATyazAstra' meM 'zAntastu prakRtirmataH 3 udghoSita kara zAnta kI mUlarasa ke rUpa meM pratiSThA kI gaI hai| isa rasa ke paripAka se kaSTa, daridratA, roga, priyajanoM ke virodha Adi ke kAraNa mana meM kheda tathA glAni hotI hai / parizramAdi ke niSphala hone para sadgati hita hRdaya meM pazcAttApa hokara vairAgya utpanna hotA hai aura vAsanA Adi manovikAroM kA zamana hotA hai / zAnta-rasa ke sthAyIbhAva ke saMbaMdha meM vividha mata haiN| kucha vidvAn zAnta kA sthAyIbhAva 'zam' kahate haiM, kucha nirveda, kucha tRSNAkSaya, kucha AtmajJAna aura kucha tattvajJAna Adi / varttamAna meM nirveda sarvamAnya hai| vaise nirveda kA ina sabhI se koI vizeSa antara nahIM hai / ataH nirveda hI zAnta kA sthAyIbhAva hai / samayasundara ke sAhitya meM nirvedamUlaka bhAvanAoM kI atizaya pradhAnatA hai / vistAra bhaya se unakA saMkSipta prastutikaraNa hI apekSita hogaa| unake kAvyoM ke nimnalikhita prasaMgoM meM zAMtarasa kA paripAka dekhA jAtA hai rAjA madhu, rAjA kanakaratha kI patnI candrAbhA para mugdha hokara use chalapUrvaka le AtA hai| patnI viyoga se kanakaprabha kI huI dayanIya dazA dekha madhu ko Atma-glAni ho uThatI hai / dattapura meM sAdhvI dvArA rAnI padmAvatI ko diyA gayA upadeza saMsAra kI nissAratA ko 1. draSTavya - siMhalasuta caupAI (6.4-6) 2. draSTavya - naladavadantI - rAsa (2.5) - 3. nATyazAstra (684) 4. draSTavya - zAMba - pradyumna - caupAI (DhAla 7)

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366 mahopAdhyAya samayasundara : vyaktitva evaM kRtitva batAtA hai / upadeza se prabhAvita hokara rAnI bhI saMsAra se virakta ho sAdhvIjIvana aMgIkAra kara letI hai / cAroM pratyekabuddhoM ke vairAgya utpanna hone ke kAraNoM kA vivecana zAnta rasa ke uttama prasaMga haiM / ina prasaMgoM meM saMsAra kI kSaNabhaMguratA ko sAkAra rUpa pradAna kiyA gayA hai| sudarzana muni para mithyA doSAropaNa karane para vegavatI kI jo dIna avasthA huI, usase usake mana meM svayaM ke prati ghRNA ho jAtI hai aura vaha prAyazcita nimitta apanA pApa prakaTa kara muni ko nirdoSa ghoSita kara detI hai| rAjA dazaratha ne eka vRddha vyakti ko apanI paTTarAnI ko bulAne bhejA / vRddha ke vilamba se pahu~cane kA kAraNa vRddhAvasthA kI durdazA jJAta hone para rAjA ko vairAgya ho gyaa| vRddhAvasthA kI dAruNa sthiti kA citraNa karate hue kavi vRddha ke mukha se kahalavAtA hai kuNa bhaginI kuNa bhArijA, kuNa mAtA re kuNa bApa nai vIra / vRddhapaNai vasi ko nahIM, potAnuM re je poSyuM zarIra // pANI jhara bUr3hApaI, AMkhi mAMhi re varai dhUMdhali chAya / kAne surati nahIM tisI, bolatAM re jIbha laDathaDi jAya // haluyA paga vaha hAMlatAM, sUgAlI re muhaDai paDaI lAla / dAMta paDai dAr3ha ukhaDai, vali mAthai re huyaiM dhaDalA bAla // kaDi thAyai vali kUbar3I, vali U~cI re upaDaI nahi mITi / sagalai DIlai sala paDaI, nita Avai re vali nAke rITi // hAla hukama hAlai nahIM, koI mAnai re nahi vacana lagAra / dhiga bUr3hApana dIhar3A koI na karaI re maratAM nI sAra // 4 muni sarvabhUtahita ne saMsAra kI asAratA kA jo citraNa kiyA, usase dazaratha kA vairAgya aura adhika puSTa ho gyaa| muni ke ye vacana kitane mArmika haiM - 1. draSTavya 2. draSTavya cAra pratyeka-buddha caupAI (1.4) cAra pratyeka-buddha caupAI (1.9 : 2.7: 3.14, 4.6) * sItArAma - caupAI (1.2) 3. draSTavya 4. sItArAma - caupAI (2.1.9-13)

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samayasundara kI racanAoM meM sAhityika tattva 367 sAdha kahai dhrama sAMbhalau, e saMsAra asAra / janama maraNa vedana jarA, dukhu taNau bhaMDAra // kAcau bhAMDau nIrakari, jiNa vegau gali jaay| kAyA roga samAkulI, khiNa mai kheru thaay|| bIjali nau jhabakau jisyau, jisyau nadI nau veg| jovana vaya jANau tisyau, UlaTa vahai udeg|| kAma bhoga saMyoga sukha, phala kiMpAka smaan| jIvita jala nau biMduyau, sampada sandhyAvAna / / maraNa pagAM mAMhi nita vahai, sAcau jindhrmsaar| saMyama mAraga Adarau, jima pAmau bhava pAra // 1 ajJAnavaza zambUka kI hatyA kara dene para lakSmaNa isa duSkRtya ke lie apane pauruSa ko dhikkAratA hai| kAmAsakta rAvaNa dvArA sItA ko punaH-punaH bhoga ke lie nimantraNa dene para vaha maraNAsanna-sI ho jAtI hai| antataH rAvaNa ke citta meM bhArI duHkha hotA hai aura vaha pazcAtApa karate hue kahatA hai ki oha ! maiM kaisA adhama hU~, maiMne vibhISaNa jaise bhAI ko tiraskRta kara nikAla diyA, sItA jaisI satI ko mahAn kaSTa diyA, rAmalakSmaNa jaise satpuruSoM se yuddha kiyA-isa taraha maiMne apane kula ko kalaMkita kiyA hai| lakSmaNa para calAye cakra ke nirarthaka jAne para rAvaNa nirAza ho jAtA hai aura saMsAra kI sArazUnyatA ko vyakta karatA hai - dhiga mujha vidyA teja pratApA, rAvaNa iNapari karaiM pchtaapaa| hA hA e saMsAra asArA, bahuvidha dukha taNA bhnnddaaraa| hA hA rAja ramaNI paNi caMcala, jauvana ulaTyo jAya nadI jl| sohai roga samAkula dehA, kAramA kuTumba saMbaMdha snehaa| hA hA dhiga-dhiga mujjha jamAro, maI to niphala gamADyo saaro| agni-parIkSA ke bAda rAma sItA se apanI solaha hajAra rAniyoM meM paTTarAnI hone kI prArthanA karate haiM, lekina sItA saMsAra ko nissAra evaM svArthamaya jAnakara virakta ho jAtI hai| mRta lakSmaNa kI deha ko lie rAma galI-galI meM bhaTakate haiM aura use punaH * jIvita karane kA aneka prayAsa karate haiM, taba indra unheM samajhAne ke lie aneka ghaTanAe~ 1. vahI (2.2 se pUrva, dohA 4-8) 2. draSTavya - sItArAma-caupAI (5.3 se pUrva, dohA 5-7) 3. draSTavya - vahI (7.1.17-19) 4. draSTavya - vahI (7.2.31, 33-34, 39) 5. draSTavya - vahI (9.3 se pUrva, dUhA 1-13)

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368 mahopAdhyAya samayasundara : vyaktitva evaM kRtitva ghaTita karatA hai| vAstava meM ye sabhI ghaTanAe~ zAnta rasotpAdaka haiM / antata: unhIM se prerita hokara rAma ne lakSmaNa kA antyeSTi-saMskAra kiyA aura virakta hokara anagAra bana gaye / anAthI muni ne rAjA zreNika se kahA ki aizvarya aura parivAra se koI sanAtha nahIM hotA hai, mere pAsa ye saba hote hue bhI maiM anAtha thA, mujhe ye rogamukta nahIM kara pAye yaha prasaMga vAstava meM Atma-pratIti karAnevAlA hai / 2 saMyama tyAgI arahannaka, putra- viraha meM pAgala banI apanI mA~ kI karuNa-dazA dekhakara svayaM ko dhikkAratA hai / yahA~ bhI nirveda kI prApti hotI hai / 3 bhagavAn RSabhadeva ne apane 98 putroM ko jo pratibodha diyA, usase unakA udvega evaM kSobha pUrNataH zAnta ho gyaa| bhagavAn kA yaha upadeza kavi ne 32 padyoM meM nibaddha kiyA hai / sabhI padya zAntarasa ke acche udAharaNa haiM / naTinI ke rUpa para Asakta ilAputra eka sAdhu ko eka atizaya sundara strI se AhAra lete samaya anAsakta dekhakara Atma-glAni se bhara jAtA hai| usakI virakti itanI caramotkarSa para pahu~ca jAtI hai ki use nRtya karate hue hI kaivalya prApta ho jAtA hai / " mAtA dhAraNI apane putra jambU ko sAMsArika bhoga-vilAsa ke prati mohita karane kI ceSTA karatI hai, parantu jambU vairAgya ke carama zikhara para pahu~ca cukA thA / usane jo uttara diye, unhoMne usake mAtA, pitA, patniyoM Adi ko bhI virakta kara diyA / isI taraha mumukSu thAvaccAputra aura usakI mAtA ke madhya jo vistRta vArttAlApa huA, usakI pratyeka paMkti zAntarasa kI parAkASThA para pahu~cI huI hai / thAvaccAputra ke kucha udgAra yahA~ avatarita haiMadhruva anitya asAsatau, saMjhavA rAga samAnU e / jala budabuda dIsaI jisA, pAkau pIpala pAnU e // aNI jalabiMdUu, jehavau supana jaMjAlU e / bIjalinau jhaSaka jisau, narabhava tehavau nihAlU e // kuNa jANai pahilau pachai, marisya putra ke mAyU e / bAla marai bUr3hA rahai, e jaga ulaTyau jAyU e // 1. draSTavya vahI (9.5) 2. draSTavya * samayasundara kRti kusumAMjali, zrI anAthI muni gItam 3. draSTavya - vahI, zrI arahantraka muni gItam (1-9) 4. draSTavya samayasundara kRti kusumAMjali, zrI AdIzvara 98 putra pratibodha gItam ( 1.1-28) 5. draSTavya * vahI, ilAputra gItam (13-16) - -- - 6. draSTavya - vahI, zrI jambUsvAmI gItam (1-12) 7. thAvaccAsuta RSi caupAI (1.5.8 - 11)

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samayasundara kI racanAoM meM sAhityika tattva khiNa mAhe kheru hui re, kAcau mATI bhaNDa / jIraNa tRNanau jhuMparaDau re, athira jyuM sUkau eraNDo re // kAyA e kRtaghana kahI re, poSau vividha upAya / eka dina jau navi poSIi re, tara te laDathaDI jAyo re // jarA karI tana jAjarau re, saDaNa paDaNa vidhvaMza / pahilau paNi parachai paNai, choDivau kehI prasaMso re // 9 X X X mokSa bhaNI jAtAM thakAM jI, viSaya karai antarAya / saMyama pravahaNa bhaMjivA jI, viSaya kahyA mahAvAya re // viSaya sevai kuNa ehavA jI, kAmanI kuNa vesAsa / khiNa rAcai viracai khiNai, khiNa nAkhai nIsAsa re // 2 isI taraha sAdhu-sAdhviyoM tathA satiyoM se saMbaMdhita kavi ke aneka gItoM meM hameM zAntarasa kA darzana hotA hai| unakI lagabhaga 100 aupadezika racanAe~ to Adyanta zAntarasa se paripUrNa haiN| inakI ina sabhI racanAoM kA vivaraNa dvitIya adhyAya meM prastuta kiyA gayA hai / isa prakAra hama pAte haiM ki mahopAdhyAya samayasundara ne rasa- paripAka meM vizeSa ruci lI hai | bhAvAbhivyaMjanA meM ve bar3e pravINa dikhAI par3ate haiM / unake sAhitya meM vividha rasoM kA yathA-sthAna sundara paripAka huA hai| zAnta rasa meM pAThaka ko Dubo denA - yahI unake rasa-paripAka kA antima pariNAma hai / zRMgAra-rasa ke uddIpana meM kahIM-kahIM avarodha hotA huA-sA bhI pAte haiM, jisakA mukhya kAraNa thA - kavi kA bhogaparaka jIvana kI asAratA evaM yogaparaka cAritraniSTha jIvana kI zreSThatA ko vyakta karanA / phira bhI unhoMne bhaugika rasoM kA bhI apane kAvyoM meM saphalatApUrvaka nirvAha kiyA hai, jo sahRdaya-saMvedya hai| 2. alaGkAra - zilpa - 369 1 alaGkAra kAvya ke saundarya evaM kalApakSa kI AdhArazilA haiM / kAvya meM rasa se yadi Ananda kI anubhUti hotI hai, to alaGkAra se saundarya meM abhivRddhi hotI hai / alaMkAra mAtra camatkAra - pradarzana kI vastu hI nahIM hai, apitu rasAnubhUti ko adhika prabhAvotpAdaka evaM rocaka banAne meM sahAyaka bhI haiN| saMkSepa meM, rasa AnandasUcaka hai aura alaMkAra vismayasUcaka / 'alaMkAra' kI paribhASA tathA usake prayojana ke saMbaMdha meM bhAratIya kAvyazAstriyoM meM bhinna-bhinna mata rahe haiM / daNDI ne kAvya kI zobhA bar3hAne vAle dharmoM ko 9. vahI (1.6.3-5) 2. thAvaccAsuta RSi caupAI (1.7.7-8)

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370 mahopAdhyAya samayasundara : vyaktitva evaM kRtitva 'alaMkAra' batAyA hai - 'kAvyazobhAkarAn dharmAn alaMkArAn pracakSate / ' Anandavardhana ne vANI kI ananta zailiyoM ko 'alaMkAra' kahA hai anantA hi vAgvikalpAH tatprakAza evaM cAlaGkArAH / ' vizvanAtha ke anusAra, 'zabdArthayorasthirA ye dharmAH zobhAtizAyinaH ' arthAt zabda tathA artha ke jo zobhAtizAyI - saundarya kI vibhUti bar3hAne vAle asthira dharma haiM, ve hI alaMkAra haiM / niSkarSataH hama kaha sakate haiM ki zabdoM evaM unake arthoM meM aniyamita rUpa se nihita vaha dharma yA tattva jisake kAraNa, kisI vyaMgyArtha kI pratIti ke bagaira bhI zabdoM kI vilakSaNa vinyAsa - zailI se hI kisI kathana ke vyaMgyArtha meM kucha vizeSa ramaNIyatA yA zobhA A jAtI hai, alaMkAra hai / aura jahA~ alaMkAra evaM alaMkArya meM sAmaMjasya sthApita ho jAya, vahA~ kAvya kI prAkRtika ramaNIyatA ucchalita hotI hai| 1. di poiTika imeja, pRSTha 16 2. cintAmaNi, pRSTha 181 -- alaMkAra kavitA kA mukhya aMga hone se suprasiddha amerikana lekhaka harbarTarIDa ne likhA hai ki kisI kavi kI kRti kI AlocanA karate samaya usake alaMkAroM kI zakti tathA maulikatA para avazya dRSTi rakhanI caahiye| ataH samayasundara kI racanAoM meM prayukta alaMkAroM para bhI samAlocanAtmaka dRSTi se vicAra kara lenA nitAnta jarUrI hai / kavi samayasundara kI kRtiyoM meM zabdAlaMkAra, arthAlaMkAra, aura ubhayAlaMkAra - ye tInoM prakAra ke alaMkAra bar3I ramaNIyatA ke sAtha prayukta hue haiN| zabdAlaMkAroM Adi kA vyAmoha to kabhI-kabhI kaviyoM para itanA adhika hAvI ho jAtA hai ki preSaNIya bhAva-tattva bilkula gauNa bana jAtA hai| kezava prabhRti aneka kaviyoM meM yaha pravRtti dekhI jAtI hai, kintu samayasundara ke kAvyoM meM alaMkAroM kA prayoga atyanta svAbhAvika DhaMga se huA hai| unhoMne alaMkAroM kA viniyojana isa prakAra kiyA hai ki usase unake kAvya prabhAvazAlI tathA rocaka bana gaye haiN| unake alaMkAra- prayoga AcArya rAmacandra zukla ke isa kathana ko caritArtha karate haiM 'alaMkAroM ke dvArA hRdaya ke bhAva - bandhana khulate haiM aura nIrasatA kA bhAva miTa jAtA hai| '2 hameM aisA ahasAsa hotA hai ki kavi ne apane kAvya ke rasoM tathA bhAvoM ke utkarSa evaM apanI abhivyakti ko sabala evaM sundara banAne ke lie alaMkAroM kA prayoga kiyA hai / kavi ke kAvya-racanA ke upakrama meM kucha alaMkAroM ke lie kavi ko prayatna karanA par3A aura kucheka alaMkAra unake kAvyapakSIya svabhAva ke aMga banakara anAyAsa unakI racanAoM meM A gaye / yadyapi kavi samayasundara katipaya racanAoM meM alaMkAra ke moha se grasta hue haiM, lekina phira bhI una alaMkAroM kA prayoga lalita hI banA hai, na ki bhAra rUpa / jo racanAe~ alaMkAra pradhAna haiM, unameM bhI hama pAyeMge ki kavi ne unheM yathAmbhava kRtrimatA se bacAyA hai| yahA~ aba hama dekheMge ki kavivarya samayasundara ne apanI racanAoM ko kisa prakAra vividha alaMkAroM se vibhUSita kiyA hai. - I "

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samayasundara kI racanAoM meM sAhityika tattva 371 2.1 anuprAsAlaGkAra jahA~ varNoM kI aneka bAra AvRtti hotI hai, vahA~ anuprAsa-alaMkAra hotA hai| vivecya sAhitya meM prayukta anuprAsa-alaMkAra hI yaha chaTA draSTavya hai| isase kAvya ke nAda-saundarya meM vRddhi huI hai| yathA - sama lakSaNa lAvaNya guNa, sama mArdava sama rUpa, sama mati sama gati sobhatI, sarikhau sakala sruup|| -thAvaccAsuta riSi caupAI, khaNDa 1, DhAla 7 se pUrva dUhA 3 yahA~ 'sa' kI aura 'ma' kI aneka bAra AvRtti hone se anuprAsa-alaMkAra siddha hotA hai| punaryathA - vApI-vapra-vihAra-varNa-vanitA vAgmI vanaM vATikA, vaidya-brAhmaNa-vezya-vAdi-vibudha-vezyA-vaNiga vaahinii| vidyA-vIra-viveka-vitta-vinayo vAcaMyamo vallikA, vastraM vAraNa-vAji-vesara-varaM caibhiH puraM zobhitam // -kAlikAcArya-kathA, pRSTha 198 caMdo caMdana nai citrasAlI, caraNau cUnar3i sAra jii| cUr3au cIra anai caturAI, amha tani lAgai aMgAra jii| - puNyasAra-caritra caupAI (10.5) bharatAra suM sukha bhogavaM re, haMsa ghaNI ghaNau heja re| suNa hai sakhara samArIyau re, sakharI sajI sukha seja re|| -draupadI-caupAI (1.9.1) alakha agocara tUM paramesara, ajara amara tUM arihaMta jii| akala acala akalaMka atula bala, kevala jJAna anaMta jii|| nirAkAra niraMjana nirUpama, jyotirUpa nirakhaMta jii| terA sarUpa tUM hI prabhu jANai, ke jogIndra lahaMta jii| -caubIsI, dharmajinastavana (1-2) kamana-kaMda-nikaMdana-karmadaM, kaThina-kakSa mamA namati smm| madana-maMdara-mardana-naMdiraM, nayana-naMdana-naMdani nirddhanam / / nikhila-nirvatta-nizvana-narditaM, nata janaM sama narmada dNbhnm| dama-padaM vimadaM dhana-navyabhaM, nabha vanaM hasasaM zivasaMbhavam / / satata-sajana-naMdita navyabhaM, nayadhanaM varalabdhidharaM smm| radana-nakramanazcalanapriyaM, nalina-navyaya naSTa vanaM klm|| -- zrI pArzvanAtha zRMgATakabandha stavanam (1-3)

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372 mahopAdhyAya samayasundara : vyaktitva evaM kRtitva RSabhadeva kuM mAya bulAvai, khusiyA karedA Ape Ape aavai| ANaMda ammA aMga RSabha jI, Au aSAr3A kol|| -siMdhI bhASAmaya zrI Adijina stavanam (9) 2.2 yamakAlaGkAra jaba kisI caraNa meM eka hI zabda do yA do se adhika bAra AtA hai aura hara bAra alaga-alaga artha meM prayukta hotA hai, taba yamaka-alaMkAra hotA hai| yamaka jaise kaThina alaMkAra ke prayoga se adhikAMzataH kAvya meM kRtrimatA A jAtI hai - aisA mAnA jAtA hai; kintu yadi hama kavi ke yamaka-alaGkAra ke prayogoM ko dekheM, to yaha bAta satya nahIM lgtii| kavi yamaka ke prayoga meM siddhahasta the| unake dvArA kI gaI yamaka kI yojanA pAThaka ko camatkRta kiye binA nahIM rahatI hai| vaha kavi kI kavitvazakti ke prati sahajatayA natamastaka ho jAtA hai| kavi ne adhikAMza racanAoM meM yamaka ko yathAyogya sthAna diyA hai| isake atirikta unhoMne aise bhI stotra, gIta Adi race haiM, jo mAtra yamakapradhAna hI hai| aisI racanAe~ haiM - (1) zrI pArzvanAtha yamakabaddha stavanam, padya 8 (2) pArzvanAtha yamakamaya stotra, padya 5 (3) yamakamayaM pArzvanAtha laghu stavanam, padya 8 (4) mahAvIra bRhatstavanam, padya 14 (5) yamakabaddha-prAkRtabhASAyAM pArzvanAtha laghu stavanam, padya 9 aadi| udAharaNArtha nimnalikhita paMktiyA~ avalokya haiM - praNata mAnava-mAnava-mAnavaM, gtpraabhv-raabhv-raabhvm| duritavAraNa-vAraNa-vAraNaM, sujana tAraNa taarnn-taarnnm|| - zrI pArzvanAtha yamakabaddha stotram (1) yahA~ prathama pAda meM 'mAnava' zabda, dvitIya pAda meM 'rAbhava' zabda, tRtIya pAda meM 'vAraNa' zabda aura caturtha pAda meM 'tAraNa' zabda kI AvRtti hone se yamaka-alaMkAra spaSTa hai| anya udAharaNa - pArzvaprabhuM kevalabhAsamAnaM, bhavyAmbuje hNsvibhaasmaanm| kaivalyakAntaikavilAsanAthaM, bhaktyA bhajehaM kmlaa-snaathm|| - zrI pArzvanAtha yamakabaddha laghu stavanam (1) vijJAna-vijJAnaM nuvati ke tvAM, maasaar-maasaarmdhrmpNke| nIrAga-nIrAgama-kAnane, sahelA-mahelA-mava helyNtm|| - yamakamayaM pArzvanAtha laghu stavanam (1) vidhuvareNyayazaH prasarovara-pravila sadguNa haMsa srovrH| dizatu meM bhimataM sumanoharaH, smaratiraskRta rUpa mnohrH|| - yamakamayaM mahAvIra bRhatstavanam (2)

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samayasundara kI racanAoM meM sAhityika tattva kalikaSAyakalaMkamalAvahaM niruvamANakalAkamalAvahaM / ahiNuvAmi tumaM samayAlayaM, jayaidIva samaM samayAlayaM // 2 rAjula nAri kahai mRga nayaNI, mRga kau kAu ma mAnau re // -- - yamakabaddhaprAkRtabhASAyAM pArzvanAtha laghu stavanam (8) - 2.3 punarukti - alaGkAra jahA~ bhAva kI rocakatA ko bar3hAne ke lie eka hI zabda aneka bAra kahA jAe, vahA~ punarukti- alaGkAra hotA hai| vivecya sAhitya se katipaya padya isake udAharaNArtha prastuta haiM 373 zrI neminAtha gItam (2) jaya jaya zabda suuccare, apachara AnandapUra / dhama dhama dhamake ghugharI, bAje vAjaMta tUra // - - - cAra pratyeka-buddha caupAI (3/10/2) isa padya meM bhAva kI ramaNIyatA ke lie 'jaya jaya' aura 'dhama dhama' zabda kI punarAvRtti huI hai / ataeva yahA~ punarukti alaMkAra kahA jaaegaa| punaryathA - neli nemi nemi nemi japata rAjula nAri ho / - zrI nemi - rAjula gItam (1) 2.4 punarukta-vadAbhAsa- alaGkAra jaba kisI kAvya meM aise zabda hoM jinakA artha sAmAnya dRSTi se samAna pratIta hoM, kintu vizeSa dRSTi se samAna na hoM, taba punaruktavadAbhAsa - alaGkAra hotA hai| isa alaGkAra hetu nimnAMkita udAharaNa avalokanIya hai - - bhUta preta pizAca vetAla valI, zAkiNI DAkiNI jAi TalI / chala chidra na lAgai ko jhaur3au, nita nAma japau zrI nAkaur3au // -- 1 - - zrI nAkor3A pArzvanAtha stavanam (3) yahA~ bhUta, preta Adi ke sAmAnya bhASA meM samAnArthaka hone se punarukti pratIta hotI hai, kintu vastuta: inake bhinna-bhinna hone se punarukti nahIM hai / aura bhI na paDai durabhikSa dukAla kadA, zubha vRSTi subhikSa sugAla sadA / tatakhina tumheM azubha karama tor3au, nita nAma japau zrI nAkaur3au // - zrI nAkor3A pArzvanAtha stavanam (6) 2.5 zleSAlaGkAra jahA~ para eka hI zabda ke prasaMga ke anusAra do yA do se adhika artha nikalate hoM, vahA~ zleSa - alaGkAra hotA hai| eka zabda ke aneka arthoM kI abhivyakti karanA kavi lie sAmAnya bAta thI / 'rAjA no dadate saukhyam' ina aSTAkSaroM ke dasa lakSAdhika artha

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374 mahopAdhyAya samayasundara : vyaktitva evaM kRtitva karane kA zreya kavi ke atirikta anya kisI ko bhI prApta nahIM huA hai / samayasundara ne nimnalikhita anekArthI kRtiyA~ nibaddha kI haiM 1. aSTalakSI, 2. meghadUta prathama zloka ke tIna artha, 3. dvayartharAgagarbhita pAlhaNapuramaNDana candraprabhajina stavanam, 4. caturviMzati tIrthaGkara - gurunAma - garbhita zrI pArzvanAtha stavanam, 5. cha: rAga, chattIsa rAgiNI - nAma-garbhita zrI jinacandrasUri gItam, 6. pUrvakavi - praNIta zloka dvarthakaraNa amIjharA - pArzva stava, 7. zrI vItarAga stava - chanda jAtimayam, 8. zleSamaya cintAmaNi pArzva stavanam, 9. nAnAvidha zleSamayaM zrI AdinAtha stotram, 10. zleSAdibhAvamaya zrI pArzvanAtha laghu stavana Adi / www yahA~ yaha kahane kI AvazyakatA nahIM hai ki samayasundara ne 'zleSa' ke prayoga meM adbhuta kauzala kA paricaya diyA hai, jisase vaha kevala buddhi kA vyAyAma na hokara vivakSita artha ko sundara rIti se prakaTa karane meM sahAyaka hotA hai| nIce uddharaNa uddhRta kiye jAte haiM - nityaM prakRti-matve'pi, nAnA vigraha - vartini / abhavye vyabhicAritvAtsarva-siddhi-karaM katham // - - zrI pArzvanAtha laghu stavanam (4) isa padya meM 'prakRti' zabda ke do artha hai- (ka) vyAkaraNa zAstrIya artha arthAt vaha zabda jisake sAtha koI pratyaya jor3A jAtA ho aura (kha) svbhaav| isI taraha 'vigraha' zabda ke bhI do artha haiM. (ka) samasta pada ke artha ko batAnevAlA vAkya aura (kha) zarIra / anya udAharaNa - ---- tava mitra vadAdeza, tathA samIhita-kRte rIti, saMhRte zatru - rivAgamaH / zabda - vAridhe // - zrI pArzvanAtha laghu stavanam (3) ekadhAtoranekAni rUpANi kila tatkatham / ekamevA'bhavadrUpa - mathite saptadhAtubhiH // - zrI cintAmaNi pArzvanAtha zleSamaya laghu stavanam (3) - satI caraNa pharasai karI, pRthivi huI nipApa / raja rUpai U~cI gai, ai ai sIla pratApa // nala-davadaMtI rAsa ( 2.3. dUhA 5 ) 2.6 upamAlaGkAra samAna guNoM ke AdhAra para eka vastu ko dUsarI vastu ke tulya batalAnA, upamAalaMkAra kahalAtA hai / kavi ne apanI racanAoM ko pada-pada para upamA alaMkAra se upamita kiyA hai, isase unameM saundarya evaM cArutA kI abhivRddhi huI hai / kavi ke bahuvidha

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samayasundara kI racanAoM meM sAhityika tattva 375 upamA-prayoga evaM usake bahuvidha lAlitya ko dekhakara yadi hama 'upamA kAlidAsasya' kI taraha 'upamA samayasundarasya' kaheM, to atizayokti nahIM hogii| yadyapi yaha satya hai ki unake sAhitya meM kavi kAlidAsa kI koTi kA upamA-utkarSa nahIM hai, lekina phira bhI samayasundara dvArA prayukta upamAe~ apanA vaiziSTya rakhatI haiN| kavi samayasundara upamAnoM ke cayana meM kAphI sajaga rahe haiN| unhoMne na kevala zAstrIya aura rUr3higata upamAnoM ko cunA apitu lokajIvana evaM lokamAnasa se bhI upamAnoM ko grahaNa kiyA hai| nimnAMkita udAharaNoM se yaha spaSTa ho jAegA - cAlyo laMkA disi rAmacaMda sAthaha vidyAdhara taNA bNd| nakSatra bITyo caMda jema, AkAza sohai rAma tema // - sItArAma-caupAI (6.3.12) yahA~ laMkA kI yAtrA karate samaya vidyAdharoM ke bIca zobhAyamAn rAmacandra kI upamA AkAza meM nakSatroM ke madhya candramA ke sAtha dI gayI hai| ata: yahA~ upamA alaMkAra hai| aura bhI hIyaDai zreNika harakhIyau, megha Agama jima mor| vasaMta Agama jina vanaspatI, cAhai caMda cakora // __ - valkalacIrI-caupAI (1.dUhA 2) ima saMsAra nA sukha bhogavatAM Upanau garabha udyotI re| jima pUrava disa caMda virAjai, sIpa sohai jima motI re|| pragaTyau pAMDura bhAva kapole re, garabha nI vRddhi jaNAvai re| jAge garabhasUtra nI TIkA, gupata aratha samajhAvai re|| - mRgAvatI-rAsa (1.3.7-8) pazyantyA badanaM prAcI, padminyAM drpinne'runnH| pravAlAdhararAgeNa, ravibimbamiva prage // -udgacchatsUryabimbASTakam (4) paMca ghAi pAlI jatI re, caMda kalA jima bAdhai re| giri kaMdari caMpaka latA re, bahupari badhai abAdhai re / / -draupadI-caupAI (2.1.5) te saMkha dhaulau ehavau re, jehavI go kSIra dhaar| athavA dhaulau candramA re, athavA mAtI haar|| -draupadI-caupAI (3.2.19) rAjahaMsa jima cAle malapatI, kesari sama kaTi laMka re| -cAra pratyeka-buddha caupAI (3.2.8)

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376 mahopAdhyAya samayasundara : vyaktitva evaM kRtitva AMkhi U~DI tArA jagamagai, surataru suruA kaan| sUkI AMgalI maga nI phalI, paga jima sUkU pAna // ........... sUkU kholU~ jehavu sarpa , tehavaM dITha sarUpa // __ - zrI dhannA (kAkaMdI) aNagAra gItam (9.92) jutaseNa tIrthaMkara setI, mohi rahyA mana morA re| mAlati suM madhukara jima mohyA, meghaghaTA jima morA re|| mayagala jima revA suM mohyA, haMsa mAnasa suM sadorA re| mIna mohyA jina jalanidhi mAMhe, caMda suM jema cakorA re / / . -airavatakSetra caturviMzati gItAni (8.1-2) candravadana mRgaloyaNI, bhAsura sasidala bhaal| nAsikA dIpa-sikhA jisI, keli garbha sukumaal|| daMta jisA dADimakUlI, sIsa phUla sinngaar| kAne kuMDala jhalahalai, kaTi ai kAuli hAra // - thAvaccAsuta RSi caupAI (1.6.7-8) dariyau tarivau bAMhe karI, agani ulhAmaNI paay| gaMgAjala sAmhau jaivau, tima saMjama khivaay|| nisavAda velUnA kaulIA, trAkaDi tolivau mer| rAdhAvedharI pUtalI, tIra suM vIM dhavI pheri // - thAvaccAsuta RSi caupAI (1.9.23-34) 2.7 utprekSAlaGkAra isa alaMkAra meM upameya evaM upamAna ke bheda kA jJAna hone para bhI isa bAta kA ullekha hotA hai ki upameya mAno upamAna ke sadRza jAna par3atA hai| Alocya sAhitya meM utprekSA kA bAhulya dekhA jA sakatA hai| kavi ne apanI racanAoM meM jahA~ para bhI jANe, janu, manu, mAno, jAno, nizcaya, iva, jAnahu, manahu Adi zabda prayukta kiye haiM, ve utprekSAlaMkAra vAcaka haiN| dekhiye unake utprekSAlaMkAra kI kamanIyatA ke kucha udAharaNa - dinazrIdhikkRtA yAMtI ruSTA, raatri-nishaacrii| vahnijvAlAvalIMJcatIva, bhaanuprkaashtH|| -udgacchatsUryabimbASTakam (2) uparyukta padya meM 'dinazrI' ke dvArA bhayAgI gayI rAtri rUpI nizAcarI ke krodhAbhivyakti kI utprekSA bhAnu ke prakAza se vahni kI jvAlA ko prakaTa karane se kI gaI hai| api ca -

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samayasundara kI racanAoM meM sAhityika tattva 377 mukha pUnama no jANe caMdalo, mRga loyaNa aNiyAla re| nAsikA dIpasikha jima dIpatI, kokila kaMTha rasAla re / / -cAra pratyeka-buddha caupAI (3.2.7) athira mAna rAjA taNo jANe gaMga trNg| -cAra pratyeka-buddha caupAI (4.6.11) rAvaNa lakhamaNa cakra prahAraI, tatakhiNa Dhali paDyo dharatI tivaariiN| jANe prabala pavana kari bhAgo, rAvaNa tAla jyuM dIsivA laago|| jANe ketU graha UparatI, kiMvA truTi paDyo e dhrtii| rAvaNa sohai paDiyo dharatI, jANe Athamatau sau dinptii|| - sItArAma-caupAI (7.2.52-55) tiNa desa kosaMbI purI, jANe indra purI avtrii| jamunA nadI bahaI jasu pAsa, jANi jaladhi mUMkI (ka) haI taas|| prAsAda zRMga Upari pUtalI, kamala netra naI kaTi paatlii| jANi nagara ridhi jovA bhaNI, amara suMdarI AvI ghnnii|| - mRgAvatI-caritra-caupAI (1.1.4-6) 2.8 rUpakAlaGkAra rUpaka-alaMkAra meM bahuta adhika sAmya ke AdhAra para prastuta meM aprastuta kA Aropa karake arthAt upameya meM upamAna ke sAdharmya kA Aropa karake aura donoM meM bheda kA abhAva dikhAte hue upameya kA upamAna ke rUpa meM hI varNana kiyA jAtA hai| kavi samayasundara ne apane sAhitya meM rUpaka-alaMkAra ko pracura sthAna diyA hai| kavi ne jisa rIti se rUpaka ko gRhIta kiyA hai, vaha unake vivakSitArtha ko sundara DhaMga se prakAzita karatA hai| udAharaNa ke lie unake rUpaka-alaMkAra se yukta kucha padya yahA~ avatarita kiye jAte haiM - prAcIdikpramadA cakre vizAle bhaalpttttke| bAlAruNaravebiMmbaM, cArusindUracandrakam // -udgacchatsUryabimbASTakam (3) isa padya meM prAcI dizA kA pramadA ke sAtha aura prAta:kAlIna sUryabimba kA sindUra ke tilaka ke sAtha rUpaka hai| punaryathA - caturyAmeSu zItArtA yAminI kAminI kimu / tApAya tadanodgacchadvimbamaGgeSTikA vyadhAt // pratIcyAbhimukhaM krIDocchAlanAya nvaa'runnH| prAcIkanyAkarasthaH kiM raktadyudaratna kNdukH||

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378 mahopAdhyAya samayasundara : vyaktitva evaM kRtitva praaciidinrtkii-vyomvNshaagrmdhirohti| kRtaraktAmbarAzISa nyastArkasvarNakumbhabhRt // -udgacchatsUryabimbASTakam (1,5,7) vIrasa dhanuSa car3hAvIyo samati pratyaMcA cAr3hI re| dhIraja mUTha kAr3hI grahI, satyasaM vIMTI gAr3hI re|| bArabheda tapa bANa suM karma kaMcuka nai bhedI re| muni AtamarUpa zatru ne jIpai jinamata vedI re|| - cAra pratyeka-buddha caupAI (3.1.11-12) timira karInai syAma vadana thai re, disabadhu dukha prmaanni| kumara viyogai loka dukhI ghaNuM re, te dekhi nai jANi // - sItArAma-caupAI (2.6.11) sasi dala bhAli jItau thakau re, sevai Isara deva re| gaMgA taTi tapasyA karai re lAla, ciMtAtura nitameva re|| nayana kamala nI pAMkhaDI re, aNiAlI anurUpa re| haThi vadhatI haTakI rahI re lAla, dekhi zravaNa do kUpa re|| - mRgAvatI-caritra caupAI (1.3.7-8) padaka priyu tau hU~ motina mAlA, hIrau tau hU~ mUMdaraDI re bhinii| candra priyu tau hU~ rohiNI thAU~, candana malaya DUMgaraDI re bhinii|| - zrI neminAtha gItam (2) AMbau prItama mAharau, phUlaphalAdika raaj| phala savAda te bhogarasa, bhramara samAna smaaj|| rAja sarikhau kUbara huyau, rAja bhraMza unmuul| priya viNu hU~ dharatI par3I, deva thayau pratikUla // - naladavadantI-rAsa (3.2, dUhA 1-2) 2.9 udAharaNAlaGkAra prastuta alaGkAra meM pahale sAdhAraNa rUpa se koI bAta kaha dI jAtI hai aura phira use bodhagamya banAne ke lie usakA spaSTIkaraNa kiyA jAtA hai| kavi ne apane sAhitya ko aneka sthaloM para ukta alaGkAra se alaMkRta kiyA hai| jaise - lakhamI pAmI na lobha kIjai, dIdho Avai sAthi re| samayasundara kahai nahIM tara, mAkhI jyu ghase hAtha re|| -campaka-zreSThI caupAI (1.9.22) isa padya meM kRpaNa ke prati kavi kA sadupadeza hai ki avasara para apane dhana kA

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samayasundara kI racanAoM meM sAhityika tattva 379 sadupayoga kareM, anyathA pazcAtApa karanA par3egA; jaise samaya para madhu kA upayoga na karane vAlI madhumakkhI ko madhu kA apaharaNa hone ke bAda pazcAtApa karanA par3atA hai| eka aura udAharaNa - haiM; yathA najari - najari bihuMnI milI, jANi sAkara su~ dUdha / mana-mana suM bihu~ nau milyau, dUdha pANI jima sUdha // - sItArAma caupAI (1.3.2) 2.10 mAlopamAlaGkAra eka hI upameya ke aneka upamAna kathana karane ko mAlopamA - alaGkAra kahate mujha mana mohyo re guru jI, tumha guNe jima bAbIhar3a meho jI / madhukara mohyo re sundara mAlatI, canda cakora saneho jI / mAnasarovara mohyo haMsalau, koyala jima sahakAro jI / mayagala mohyo re jima revA nadI, satiya mohI bharatAro jI // * zrI jinasiMhasUri gItAni (1-2 ) yahA~ guru-guNa se ziSya ke citta ke AkarSaNa kI sAta upamAe~ prayukta hone se mAlopamA - alaGkAra siddha hotA hai / punaryathA indrANI jimi indra nai, hari nai lakhamI jema | canda tai jimi rohaNI, rAjA rANI tema // - sItArAma - caupAI (1.3. dUhA 5 ) ghar3I mAMhi bAdhai ghaTai re, jehavI vRkSa nI chAMha / athira kAna hAthI taNau re, athira kApuruSa nI bAMha // athira mANasa nau Aukhau re, athira kumAsa sAtha / athira muMcha u~dira taNI re hA~, athira pAradhInA hAtha // athira ghar3I arahaTTa nI re hA~, athira samudra nI vela / athira daNDa UparI dhvajA re hA~, athira paNi chasi mela // athika vAta-hata pAnar3A re hA~, adhika sItAtura danta / athira sUri biMba jala taNau re hA~, athira asatI taNaI kaMta // thAvaccAsuta RSi caupAI (1.8.1 - 2, 4-5 ) 2.11 svabhAvokti- alaGkAra jisameM kisI vastu yA vyakti kI svAbhAvika kriyAoM, guNoM, vizeSatAoM Adi kA ThIka usI rUpa meM varNana kiyA jAtA hai, jisa rUpa meM kavi ko dikhAI detI hai, svabhAvokti- alaGkAra kahalAtA hai| Alocya racanAoM meM isa alaGkAra kI bahulatA pAI

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380 jAtI hai, yathA mahopAdhyAya samayasundara : vyaktitva evaM kRtitva sahaja sukha dukha saMpajai, paramesara piNa karai pakSo re / te mana mAMhe mANajyau, puNya pApa nA phala paratakSo re // - gautamapRcchA - caupAI (5.4) isameM mAnava-jIvana kI svAbhAvika abhivyakti hone se svabhAvokti alaMkAra hai / punaryathA - ber3alI merI rI, tarai nIra vicAla, aimatau ramai bAla / muni bAMdhI mATI pAla, jala thamyau tatakAla / kAcalI mUkI vicAla, riSi rAmatiyAla // - zrI aimattA RSi gItam (1) 2.12 dRSTAntAlaGkAra jahA~ upameya, upamAna saMbaMdhI do pRthak vAkyoM meM dharmoM kI bhinnatA hone para bhI bimba- pratibimba Adi bhAvanAoM meM samAnatA dikhAI gaI ho, vahA~ dRSTAnta - alaGkAra kI siddhi hotI hai| dekhiye, kavi kI dRSTAnta - alaMkAra yojanA sonau ho sugaMdha te ta ati bhalau, eka sAMkha bharyau dUdha / kanaka mudraDI javahara suM jaDI, jaina kriyA mana sUdha // ataH isameM jaina- AcAra ke prati mAnava mana ke AkarSaNa ke tIna dRSTAnta diye gaye haiM (ka) sone meM sugaMdhi, (kha) zaMkha meM dUdha aura (ga) sone kI aMgUThI meM jar3ita maNi / yahA~ dRSTAnta alaGkAra hotA hai / katipaya anya udAharaNa bhI prastuta haiM rAma thakAM bIjAu, rAjanau nahIM adhikAra / sIha sAdUlai gUMjatai, kuNa bIjau miragAri // - sItArAma - caupAI (2.5 se pUrva dUhA 2) - guNa dekhi rAcai sako, avaguNa rAcai na koI re / hAra sako hiyass dharai, neura pAyatali hoya re // * zrI jinasiMhasUri-gItAni (4) sAliyara nemi suhAvai re sakhiyAM, kAlau paNi guNa bhariyau re lakhiyAM | AMkhi sohai nahIM aMjaNa pAravai, kAlau marica kapUra nai rAkhai | kAlI kIkI karai ajuvAlau, rakSA karai rUr3au caMdalau kAlau / kAlau kRSNa vRndAvani sohai, sola sahasa gopI mana mohai / nara-nArI sahu ko ghaNuM tarasai, kAlau meha ghaTA kari vassai / rAjula kahai sakhi syuM karuM gorai, samayasundara prabhu mana mAnyau morai / - zrI neminAtha gItam (1-6)

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samayasundara kI racanAoM meM sAhityika tattva 381 2.13 aprastutaprazaMsAlaGkAra jisameM kisI kI prazaMsA Adi karane ke lie prastuta kI carcA na karake kevala aprastuta kI carcA kI jAtI hai aura usI se prastuta kA bodha karAyA jAtA hai, vaha aprastuta-alaGkAra kahalAtA hai| udAharaNa ke lie - sAThI cokhA sUpaDai, chaDatAM UjalA thAyai re| rUpaiyA kharA Agimai, ghAlyAM kasamala jAyai re|| - sItArAma-caupAI (1.2.18) isameM vegavatI dvArA muni ko kalaMkita kara dene para bAda meM usI ke dvArA nirdoSa ghoSita kara dene para sAdhu kI svacchatA prastuta hai, kintu kavi ne aprastuta sAThI-cAvala aura svarNa-sikke kI svacchatA kA varNana kara sAdhu kI svacchatA kI ora saMketa kiyA hai| yahA~ prastuta meM aprastuta kA AropaNa hone se aprastuta-prazaMsA-alaGkAra hai| 2.14 virodhAbhAsAlaGkAra virodha na hone para bhI jahA~ virodha-sA pratIta ho, vahA~ virodhAbhAsa-alaMkAra hotA hai; jaise - prakRtyApi vinA nAtha, vigrahaM duurtstyjn| kevalapratyayenaiva, siddhi sAdhitavAn bhavAn / / - zrI pArzvanAtha laghu stavanam (1) isameM vyAkaraNa ke anusAra vigraha-pradarzana pUrvaka prakRtibhUta zabda ke sAtha pratyaya jor3akara zabda siddhi kI jAtI hai, kintu pArzvanAtha ne prakRti aura vigraha ke binA hI siddhi (zabdasiddhi) kI, yaha vyAkaraNa zAstra kI maryAdA se virUddha hai| jaba hama 'prakRti zabda' kA artha mAyA-moha, 'vigraha' zabda kA artha kalaha aura kevala pratyaya' kA artha kevalajJAna, mAna lene para kisI prakAra kA virodha nahIM rahatA hai| ataH yahA~ virodhAbhAsaalaMkAra hai| 2.15 sandehAlaGkAra jahA~ kisI padArtha ko dekhakara saMzaya banA rahe aura nizcaya na ho ki yaha amuka hI hai, vahA~ sandeha-alaGkAra hotA hai| udAharaNArtha -- ke devI ke kinnarI, ke vidyAdhari / ___ sItArAma-caupAI (1.7 se pUrva dUhA 8) isameM nArada RSi dvArA bhAnukumAra ko sItA kA citra pradAna karane para bhAnukumAra usake bAre meM sandeha karatA hai ki yaha devI hai, yA kinarI hai yA koI vidyAdharI hai| eka vyakti ke bAre meM eka hI kAla meM aneka vikalpa hone se sandeha-alaGkAra hotA hai| aura bhI

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382 mahopAdhyAya samayasundara : vyaktitva evaM kRtitva bahu mila mujha ja karatArA, tau pUcheM doi batiyAM re / tUM kRpAla ki tUM hai pApI, lakha na sakUM torI gatiyA~ re / - karatAra gItam (1) ArasA mAMhi muhar3au dIsai, kahau te pudgala kehA re / jIva arUpI karama sarUpI, kima sambandha saMdehA re // ai ai vidyAdharI e koI, ke apachara avatAra / ke kinnara ke pAtAla suMdarI, sundara rUpa apAra // 2.16 atizayokti - alaGkAra jisameM kisI kI nindA, prazaMsA Adi karate samaya kisI sAdhAraNa bAta ko bahuta adhika bar3hA-car3hAkara kahA jAtA hai, vaha atizayokti - alaGkAra hotA hai / samayasundara ne apanI stutiparaka racanAoM meM atizayokti- alaGkAra kI lar3iyA~ bichA dI haiM, lekina unheM vizuddha rUpa meM atizayokti pUrNa nahIM kahA jA sakatA hai, kyoMki kavi ne jina Adarza puruSoM kI stuti kI hai, ve unake lie atyanta zraddhAspada haiM aura zraddheya ke varNana meM atizayokti kA A jAnA svAbhAvika hai| isake atirikta bhI kavi ne isa alaGkAra kA prayoga kiyA hai - sandeha gItam (2) - sItArAma - caupAI (4.9) - sarvaMsahA prazrutittvAtmardyAnaM padairadhaH / na kupyasi kadApi tvaM rajaste kSAMtiruttamA / - rajoSTakam (4) uparyukta padya meM acetana raja ke sAtha cetana kA dharma kSamA kA ( aura krodha kA ) saMbaMdha batAyA gayA hai| ataH atizayokti - alaGkAra hai| punazca eka hAthI taNai ATha daMtasUlA, daMta- daMta ATha ATha vAvi sohai / vAvi-vAvi ATha-ATha kamala tihA~, ATha-ATha pAMkhaDI pekhatAM mantra mohai // patra patrai battIsa baddha nATaka par3ai, kamala vici indra baiThau ANandai / ATha vali AgaliM agra mahiSI khar3I, vIra naI eNa vidhi indra vAMda // zrI dazArNabhadra gItam (5-6) -- 2.17 viSamAlaGkAra jahA~ yA to do paraspara virodhI bAtoM yA vastuoM ke saMyoga kA ullekha hotA hai, yA usa saMyoga kI viSamatA dikhAI jAtI hai, vahA~ viSama- alaGkAra hotA hai| udAharaNataH - mere mani tUM hI tere mani kachu nahIM, tau kIjai kahA prIti jorai / - zrI neminAtha gIta (2)

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samayasundara kI racanAoM meM sAhityika tattva 383 yahA~ eka pakSIya anurAga hone se viSama-alaGkAra huA hai| 2.18 atadguNalaGkAra jahA~ saMgati lagane para bhI usake prati saMgati na lage, vahA~ atadguNa alaGkAra hotA hai| yathA - hu~ rAgiNI paNa nemi nirAgI, jorai prIti na hoi ho| eka hathi tAlI piNa na par3ai, mujha mana tarasai toi ho| - zrI neminAtha phAga (7) yahA~ rAgiNI rAjImati ke samparka meM Ane para bhI neminAtha meM rAga utpanna nahIM hotA, ataH atadguNa-alaGkAra huaa| saMkSepata: yaha kahA jA sakatA hai ki samayasundara kA alaGkAra-prayoga vyApaka hai| yadyapi yaha sahI hai ki alaMkAra-prayoga unakI kAvya-racanA kA uddezya nahIM thA, tathApi unakA kAvya svabhAvatayA aneka alaGkAroM se alaMkRta huA hai| kucheka racanAe~ aisI avazya haiM, jinakI racanA alaGkAroM se alaMkRta karane ke lie hI kI gaI haiM, kintu sAmAnyataH alaGkAra-prayoga kAvya ko rasoddIpaka evaM Avarjaka banAne ke lie hI huA hai, jo ki pUrNataH svAbhAvika pratIta hotA hai| hA~, jitane alaGkAra prayukta hue haiM, unase lagatA hai ki samayasundara alaGkAroM ke prayoga meM ati paTu the| uparyukta alaGkAroM se kAvya ke bhAva tathA kalA --- donoM pakSoM kI zobhA meM abhivRddhi huI hai| 3. guNa guNa ve bhAvAtmaka tattva haiM, jo mukhya rUpa se rasa kA tathA gauNa rUpa se zabdArtha kA utkarSa karate haiN| guNa se kAvya kI zobhA bar3hatI hai| guNa kA saMbaMdha kAvya evaM bhASA kI Antarika vizeSatA se hai| kAvya yadi alaGkArayukta hone para bhI guNarahita hai, to vaha prItijanaka nahIM ho sakatA, jaise kurUpavatI strI ke hAra Adi AbhUSaNa kevala bhArarUpa hote haiN| vastutaH guNa kAvya ke kevala zobhAkAraka dharma hI nahIM haiM, apitu ve rasa ke dharma bhI haiM, rasa ke utkarSa ke hetu haiM aura rasa meM avicalita bhAva se sthita rahane vAle haiN| saMskRta kAvyazAstra meM guNa kA varNana mukhyataH do rUpoM meM huA hai - (ka) vAmana ke anusAra zabda aura artha (kAvya) ke dharma rUpa meM; 1. kAvya zAstra : eka navya paribodha, pRSTha 62 2. alaMkRtamapi prItyaina kAvya nirguNaM bhvet| vapuSyalalite strINAM hAro bhArAyate prm||- agnipurANa (1.346) 3. ye rasasyAMgino dharmAH zauryadiya ivaatmnH| utkarSa hetavaste syuracalasthitayo gunnaaH|| kAvyaprakAza (8.66) 4. kAvyAzobhAyAH kartAro dharmA gunnaaH|- hindI kAvyAlaMkAra sUtra (3.1.1)

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384 mahopAdhyAya samayasundara : vyaktitva evaM kRtitva (kha) Anandavardhana ke anusAra aMgIrasa ke Azrita rahane vAle tattva rUpa meN| paravartI AcAryoM ne guNoM ko rasAzrita hI mAnA, kintu unhoMne guNoM kA varNoM ke sAtha spaSTa saMbaMdha bhI svIkAra kiyaa| ataH guNoM kA saMbaMdha kAvya ke antaH aura bAhyadonoM pakSoM se hai| AcArya mammaTa evaM vizvanAtha ne guNa tIna mAne haiM - (1) mAdhurya, (2) oja aura (3) prasAda / samayasundara kI kRtiyoM meM varNya-viSaya ke anurUpa ina tInoM gaNoM kA ucita samAveza prApta hotA hai| 3.1 mAdhurya-guNa jisake kAraNa antaHkaraNa AI ho jAye yA pighala-sA jAye, vaha AhlAda vizeSa hI mAdhuryaguNa kahalAtA hai| yaha saMyoga-zRMgAra, vipralambha-zRMgAra, karuNa aura zAntarasa meM kramazaH adhikatA se pAyA jAtA hai| Ta, Tha, Da, r3ha ko chor3akara sparza, varNa, vargAnta varNa se yukta arthAt anusvAra-sahita varNa, hrasva 'ra' aura 'Na' samAsa kA abhAva athavA do-tIna yA adhika se adhika cAra pada mile hue samAsa aura madhura komala padaracanA - ye saba mAdhurya-guNa ke vyaMjaka haiN| samayasundara kI racanAe~ ukta lakSaNoM se bhUSita huI haiN| jaise - nikhila-nirvata nizvana narditaM, nata janaM sama nrmd-dmbhmm| damapadaM vimadaM dhananavyabhaM, nabha vanaM hasasaM shivsmbhvm|| - zrI pArzvanAtha bhaMgATakabandha stavanam (2) lasaNNANa-vinnANa sannANa mehaM, kalAbhiH kalAbhiryutAtmIya dehm| maNuNNaM kalAkelirUvANugAraM, stuve pArzvanAthaM guNazreNisAraM // suA jeNa tumhANa vANI sahevaM, gataM tasya mithyaatvmaatmiiymevm| kahaM caMda majjhilla-pIUsa-pANaM, viSApohakRtye bhavenna prmaannm|| - saMskRtaprAkRtabhASAmayaM pArzvanAthalaghu stavanam (1-2) 1. tamarthamavalambane ye'Ggina te guNAH smRtaaH| - hindI dhvanyAloka (2.6) 2. draSTavya - (ka) kAvyaprakAza (8.66) (kha) rasasyAGgitvamAptasya dharmAH zauryadayo ythaa| 3. (ka) mAdhu'yaujaH prasAdAkhyAstrayaste na punrdsh| - kAvyaprakAza (8.8.9) (kha) guNAH mAdhuryamojo'tha prasAda iti te tridhaa| - sAhityadarpaNa (8.1) 4. AhlAdakatvaM mAdhurya zRGgAre drutikaarnnm| karuNe vipralambhe tacchAnte caatishyaanvitm||-kaavyprkaash (8.68) cittadravIbhAvamayo hAdo mAdhuryamucyate / sambhoge karuNe vipralambhe zAntedhikaM krmaat|| - sAhitya darpaNa (8.2) 5. kAvya-kalpadruma, prathama bhAga, pRSTha 339-40

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385 samayasundara kI racanAoM meM sAhityika tattva aIo nandana nandanA, nanda nandanA; sAha vaccharAja ke nndnaa| aio canda candanA, canda candanA; vacana amIrasa cndnaa|| aio phanda phandanA, phanda phandanA; nahiM mAyA moha phndnaa| ahao kanda kandanA, kanda kadanA, dukha dAridra vikndnaa|| aio indra indranA, inda indanA; jinasAgarasUri indnaa| aio vanda vandanA, vanda vandanA; samayasundara kahai vndnaa|| -jinasAgarasUrigItAni (5.1-3) haMsa kahai hU~ na rahU~ paravaza, saMbala dyai mujha saath| samayasundara kahai e paramAratha, haMsa nahIM kiNa hAtha // ___ -kAyA-jIva gItam (4) eka karU~ aradAsa, prIti sambhAlau pAcha lii| tumha biNa khiNa na rahAya, kyU~ jIvai jalaviNa maachlii|| - zrI sthUlibhadragItam (1) mana nA manoratha savi mana mAM rahyA re| - zrI sthUlibhadragItam (4) 3.2 oja-guNa citta kI dIpti - jisameM citta kA vistAra hotA hai, citta Avezita ho jAtA hai, oja kahalAtI hai| vIra, bIbhatsa aura raudra rasa meM isa guNa kA kramazaH Adhikya hotA hai| ojaguNamUlaka pada ko sunane vAle athavA par3hane vAle ke citta meM Aveza, sAhasa Adi kA saMcAra hotA hai| ka varga Adi ke pahale aura tIsare vargoM kA dUsare aura cauthe vargoM ke sAtha kramazaH yoga, 'ra' kA varNoM ke Upara aura nIce adhika prayoga, Ta, Tha, Da, Dha kI adhikatA tathA lambe samAsa oja guNa vyaMjaka haiN| yathA - Takki hAra tor3atI, maTakki aMga moDatI, chaTakki vINa chor3atI, laTakki mu~hi lor3ati, japatti rAju vaaurii| - neminAtha savaiyA (17) 1. (ka) dIptmAtma vistRterheturojo viirrssthitau| bIbhatsaraudrarasayostasyAdhikyaM krameNa ca // - kAvyaprakAza (8.69) (kha) ojazcittasya vistArarUpaM diipttvmucyte| vIrabIbhatsaraudreSu krameNAdhikyamasya tu // - sAhityadarpaNa (8.4-5) 2. kAvya-kalpadruma, prathama bhAga, pRSTha 340

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386 mahopAdhyAya samayasundara : vyaktitva evaM kRtitva raDavar3atA galIe mUAre, maDA paDyA ThAma tthaaNm| gali mAMhe thai gandagI re cai kuNa nAMkhaNa dAma // - campaka zreSThI-caupAI (2.6.13) AmhA sAmhA kaTaka AvyA caDI, phojai phoja addii| vagatara nai jIna sAla, subhaTe pahiryA ttkaal| mAthai dharyA Topa, subhaTa caDyA sabala kopa, pAMce hathiyAra bAMdhyA, tIre tIra sAMdhyA, amala pANi kIdhA, bhAjaNarA suMsa liidhaa| ghor3e ghAlI pAkhara, jANe ADA AyA bhAkhara, jAgai kIyA gaja, upari pharaharai dhaja, hamAme dIghI ghAI, sUravIra AyA dhAI, raNatUra vAgai, te piNi siMdhu (mai) DArA gi| ThAkura vapu kArai, vaDavaDA bApAMrA viruda sambhArai / chUTai nAli, nipaTa thor3I vicAlI, vahai golA loka lyai olA, chUTai kuhaka bAMdha, kAyarAMrA paDai prANa, kAbilI mIra, nAMkhaI tIra,, mArai bhAlArAM biccavidhiM lAgai, bagatara bhedInai viccAvicca lAgai, khaDagAMrI, khaDAkhaDi vAgI, bhaDAbhaDI gardabhillarI phoja bhAgI, sabala lIka laagii| hU~tau je senAnI te tau dhurathI thayo kAnI, je hUMtau koTavAla, te taDa nAsau tatakAla, je hUMtau phojadAra, mitaNarai mAthe par3I mAra, je hUMta vAgiyA te piNa bhAjI (gI) gayA abhAgiyA, je hUMtA muhatA te nAsI ghare pahutA, je hUMtA caurAsIyA tIe dAMte trI (tR) NAM lIyA, je hUMtA khavAsa tIe mUkI jIvArI Asa, je hUMtA kAyara, tiNanai sAMbharai ApaNI bAyara / je caDatA bAhara te hathayAra chor3I thayA kAhara, je Dholarai Dhamakai milatA, te gayA pAsai TalatA, je bAMdhatA moTI pAghaDI, te UbhA na rahyA ekA ghaDI, je hUMtA ekaekaDA tiNare nAma diyA bekaDA, je mAthai dharatA AMkaDA, te muhaDA kIyA AMkaDA, je vaNA (jA) vatA sAraMgI vAMkI, tIe tau raNabhUmikA paNa pAkI, je bAMdhatA bihUM pAse kaTArI, tIyAM nai nAsatAM bhUmi bhArI, je pahiratA lAMbA sADA, tIe nAsite koDi kIyA pvaaddaa| gardabhilla nAThau, bola ghaNau mAThau, gaDhamahi jaI paiThau, ciMtA karai baiThau, poli tAlA aDyA, kAlikAcAryanA kaTaka cahuM dIsI viTI pddyaa|| -kAlikAcArya-kathA 3.3 prasAda-guNa jo guNa citta meM zIghra vyApta ho jAya, use 'prasAda' kahate haiN| yaha guNa samasta rasoM evaM samasta racanAoM meM raha sakatA hai| sunate hI jinakA artha pratIta ho jAya, aise sarala aura subodha pada prasAda-guNa ke vyaMjaka hote haiN| samayasundara kI racanAoM meM isa 1. (ka) zuSkandhanAgnivatsvacchajalavat sahasaiva yH| vyApnotyanyat prasAdo'sau sarvatra vihitsthitiH||-kaavyprkaash (8.70-71) (kha) cittaM vyApnoti yaH kSipraM shusskndhnmivaanlH| sa prasAdaH samasteSu ra seSu ra canAsu ca / zabdAstavyaJjakA arthabodhakAH shrutimaatrtH|| - sAhityadarpaNa (8.7-8)

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samayasundara kI racanAoM meM sAhityika tattva 387 guNa kA vizeSa rUpa se vikAsa pAyA jAtA hai| unake varNya viSayAnurUpa hone ke kAraNa unake kAvyoM meM isakA Adhikya hai| isIlie pAThaka yA zrotA ko unakI racanAoM kA Azaya samajhane meM kucha bhI kaThinatA nahIM hotI tathA usake hRdaya meM uddiSTa bhAvoM kA saMcAra kA paripAka anAyAsa ho jAtA hai| vastutaH prasAda guNa kI adhikatA ke kAraNa hI samayasundara kI kAvya-racanA sarala, sahaja aura svaccha banI hai| yathA - caMda sUraja graha nakSatra tArA, tesUM teja AkAza re| kevalajJAna samau nahIM koI, lokAloka prakAza re|| -jJAnapaMcamI laghu stavanam (4) bAla vRddha nai rogiyau, sAdha bAMbhaNa nai gaai| abalA eha na mArivA, mAr2yA mahApApa thAi / - sItArAma-caupAI (3.7.13) yahA~ yaha bhI ullekhanIya hai ki vivecya sAhitya meM prasAda guNa kahIM bhI ekAkI rUpa meM samAviSTa nahIM huA hai| vaha mAdhurya yA oja saMyukta hI hai| isa prakAra hama dekhate haiM ki samayasundara ke sAhitya meM mAdhurya, oja aura prasAda -- tIno guNoM kA viSayAnurUpa samucita sAmaveza huA hai| mAdhurya-vyaMjaka komala varNoM ke prayoga se tathA dIrgha samAsoM ke abhAva meM unakI samasta racanAe~ hRdaya-sparzI bana gaI haiN| kavi ne nAda-saundarya kI ora bhI dhyAna diyA hai| prasAda-guNa to unakI nijI vizeSatA hai| sacamuca, ina tInoM guNoM ke samAveza se unakI racanAe~ lalita, Avarjaka evaM prabhAvotpAdaka huI haiN| 4. chanda-yojanA ___kAvya ke kalA-pakSa meM jahA~ alaMkAra-vidhAna dvArA zabdoM kI ramaNIyatA pradAna kI jAtI hai evaM usake artha-gaurava kI abhivRddhi kI jAtI hai, vahIM chanda-yojanA dvArA racanA ko nAda tathA geyatA meM Abaddha karake use adhika bhAvagrAhI aura saMvedanA-paraka banAyA jAtA hai| 'niraMkuzA: kavayaH' ke anusAra Aja ke kavi chanda ke rAjamArga ko tilAJjali dekara apanI naI-navIna pagaDaMDiyA~ banA rahe haiM, parantu kAvyArtha ke utkarSa meM chanda-yojanA kA vizeSa mahattva hai| kavi ke bhAvoM ke anukUla chanda milane para usakI kalpanA atyanta manohara rUpa aMgIkAra kara letI haiN| isIlie vividha rasoM kI abhivyaJjanA ke lie vibhinna chanda upayukta siddha hote haiN| kSemendra kA kathana hai ki kAvye rasAnusAreNa varNanAnuguNena ca / kurvIta sarvavRttAnAM viniyoga vibhaagvit|| arthAt kAvya meM rasa tathA varNanIya vastu ke anusAra chandoM kA soca-samajhakara viniyoga karanA caahie|

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388 mahopAdhyAya samayasundara : vyaktitva evaM kRtitva chanda usa vAkya-racanA ko kahate haiM, jisameM geyatA ke lie padoM ke varNoM yA mAtrAoM kA koI nizcita mAna ho aura jo apane caraNa, gati, yati tathA yathAsambhava tuka meM Abaddha hotI hai| kavi samayasundara ne apanI kRti 'vRttaratnAkara-vRtti' meM chandoM ke saMbaMdha meM anya jAnakArI dete hue likhA hai ki hamAre yahA~ chandaH sUtra, bhASya ke praNetA piGgala Adi AcAryoM ne chanda mukhyatayA do prakAra ke mAne haiM- mAtrika aura vaarnnik| mAtrika chanda ke caraNoM meM mAtrAoM kI saMkhyA nizcita hotI hai| eka hrasva-svara ke uccAraNa meM jitanA samaya lagatA hai, use 'mAtrA' kahate haiN| mAtrika chanda ko mAtrA vRtta' bhI kahate haiN| vArNika chanda ke caraNoM meM laghuguru ke krama se vargoM kI saMkhyA nizcita kI jAtI hai| ise 'varNavRtta' bhI kahA jAtA hai| vArNika chandoM meM tIna vargoM ke samudAya ko 'gaNa' kahate haiM aura mAtrika chandoM meM cAra mAtrAoM ke samUha ko 'gaNa' kahate haiN| varNa-gaNa ATha haiM - 1. magaNa (555), 2. nagaNa (ITI), 3. bhagaNa (5 / / ), 4. jagaNa (151), 5. sagaNa (IIS), 6. yagaNa (155), 7. ragaNa (55), 8. tagaNa (55 / ) / jisa varNa ke uccAraNa meM eka mAtrA kA samaya arthAt hrasva-uccAraNa kA samaya lagatA hai, use 'laghu' kahate haiN| laghu varNa kA saMketa UrdhvarekhA (1) dvArA pragaTa kiyA jAtA hai| jisake uccAraNa meM laghu se dugunA samaya vyaya hotA hai, use 'guru' yA 'dIrgha' kahate haiN| isakA cihna avagraha (5) hotA hai| chanda meM prayukta saMyukta vyaJjana kA prathama laghu-varNa guru hotA hai| jisa varNa ke Upara anusvAra ho aura jisa varNa ke Age visarga ho, vaha bhI guru hai| pAda ke anta meM AyA huA hrasva-svara bhI AvazyakatAnusAra guru mAnA jAtA hai| __kavipravara samayasundara chandaHzAstra ke paNDita the| kisI viziSTa chandaHzAstra kI vyAkhyA vahI vyakti kara sakatA hai, jo usakA pUrNataH jJAtA hai| unhoMne 'vRttaratnAkara' nAmaka vizad chandaHzAstra kI sundara vRtti likhI hai| ataeva chandoM ke prayoga meM unake pUrNa kauzala kI sahaja AzA kI jA sakatI hai| vividha chanda jAtimayaM zrI vItarAga stava' meM unhoMne bhinna-bhinna prakAra ke lagabhaga 25 chandoM ko vyavahRta kara apane chandaHzAstrIya adhyayana kA pradarzana kiyA hai| kavi kA chandaHzAstrIya jJAna vistRta thA- isakA pramANa hameM isa bAta se bhI mila jAtA hai ki unhoMne aise chandoM kA prayoga bhI kiyA hai, jisakA prayoga anya kaviyoM ne nahIM kiyA hai| 'chanda-maJjarI' yA vRttaratnAkara' jaise chandaHzAstroM meM bhI unheM aprasiddha yA aprayukta hone ke kAraNa grahaNa nahIM kiyA gayA hai| prastuta kavi ke sAhitya kA sarvekSaNa karane se to yaha lagatA hai ki kavi chandoM ke cunAva meM pravINa the| unakI chanda-yojanA viSayAnusAra parivartita hotI rahatI hai| unhoMne kAvya meM ekarasatA se bacane ke lie prAyaH vividha chandoM kA prayoga kiyA hai| ghaTanA, bhAva, vicAra yA viSaya ke anukUla chandoparivartana karanA kavi kI svAbhAvika

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samayasundara kI racanAoM meM sAhityika tattva 389 pravRtti thii| yahA~ hama kavi kI chandoyojanA ko saMkSepa meM prastuta kara rahe haiM, jinameM pratyeka chanda kA lakSaNa kavi dvArA 'vRttaratnAkara' para likhI vyAkhyA ke AdhAra para evaM unakI racanAoM se eka-eka udAharaNa dekara spaSTa kareMge - 4.1 anuSTupa ATha-ATha akSaroM ke cAra caraNoM ke chanda ko anuSTupa chanda kahate haiN| udAharaNa ke lie nimna padya avalokya hai - 1 2 3 4 5678 sAdhucakSurvyathodbhUta-pApazuddhikRte tRnnm| punaH punarvvalatyAzu kRzAnau janasAkSikam // 4.2 vidyunmAlA yaha cAra caraNoM kA eka varNavRtta hai, jisake pratyeka caraNa meM do magaNa aura do guru hote haiN| yathA - ma. ma. gu-2 555 555 55 zrIsarvajJaM prodyatprajJaM, mokSAvAsaM dttollaasm| bhavyAdhAraM ramyAkAraM, vaMde nityaM nssttaastym|| 4.3 madhumatI yadi pratyeka pAda meM do-do nagaNa tathA eka-eka guru ho, to usa varNa-vRtta ko madhumatI kahate haiN| jaise - na. na. gu. pramudita-hRdayaM stuti-gunn-nikre| madhukara iva te, madhumati kusume // 2 prastuta chanda kA nAma 'vRttaratnAkara' meM madhu diyA gayA hai, madhumatI saMjJAntara hai| 4.4 bhadrikA yaha vRhatI kA eka bheda hai| saMskRta-chanda ke granthoM meM navAkSara bhadrikA kA ullekha nahIM hai, kintu ekAdazAkSara bhadrikA-chanda 'vRttaratnAkara' Adi granthoM meM nirdiSTa hai| prastuta udAharaNa se isakA lakSaNa magaNa, nagaNa aura ragaNa pratIta hotA hai, kintu udAharaNa ke tRtIya pAda meM yaha lakSaNa nahIM milatA hai| aisA lagatA hai ki tRtIya pAda kA mudrita pATha azuddha hai, kyoMki isakA artha bhI aspaSTa hai| 1. samayasundara kRti kusumAMjali, tRNASTakam (2) 2. samayasundara kRti kusumAMjali, nAnAvidhakAvyajAtimayaM neminAthastavanam (12) 3. vahI, zrI vItarAgastava-chandajAtimayam (4)

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390 mahopAdhyAya samayasundara : vyaktitva evaM kRtitva ma. na. ra '|' / / / / / bhavya-jIva-kRta-bhAvuka, paapvRkssvn-paavkm| sAbhajita janata jina, bhadrikA bhavati yA bhRshm||1 4.5 campakamAlA jina cAra caraNoM ke pratyeka caraNa meM kramazaH, bhagaNa, magaNa, sagaNa aura guru hotA hai, use campakamAlA varNa-vRtta kahate haiN| udAharaNa isa prakAra hai - __ bha. ma. sa. gu. 511 555 115 S nAzrayati tvAM sadguNavantaM, vaJcita evAsau gunnvRndaa| yA madhukRta prANI bhagavantaM, cmpkmaalaayaamRtvntm||2 4.6 dodhaka tIna bhagaNoM ke anantara do guru hoM, to usako 'dodhaka' varNavRtta kahA jAtA hai| jaise - bha. bha. bha. gu.2 '|| / / / / / '' rUpya-suvarNa-suratnamayoccaiH, vapra sumdhy-cturmukh-muurteH| tvaM jana rAjasi mAnava-tiryag, divs-dodhkr-prtibodheH||2 4.7 haMsamAlA yaha varNa-vRtta hai| isameM kramazaH sagaNa, ragaNa aura eka guru hotA hai| udAharaNArthasa. ra. gu / / 55155 bhramati bhrAjamAna, sutarAM srv-loke| tava kIrti-vizAlA, dhavalA hNsmaalaa|| yahA~ prathama pAdAnta 'na' guru mAnA hai| 4.8 cUr3AmaNi yaha saptAkSara varNa-vRtta hai| isakA varga nAma uSNika hai| isameM tagaNa, bhagaNa aura anta meM eka guru hotA hai- aisA nimnalikhita udAharaNa se prakaTa hotA hai, yadyapi 1. vahI, zrI vItarAgastava-chandajAtimayam (8) 2. vahI, zrI vItarAgastava-chandajAtimayam (9) 3. samayasundara kRti kusumAMjali, zrI vItarAgastava-chandajAtimayam (12) 4. vahI, zrI vItarAgastava-chandajAtimayam (5)

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samayasundara kI racanAoM meM sAhityika tattva saMskRta granthoM meM isakA ullekha upalabdha nahIM hotA hai ta. 551 bha. ' / / hai / yathA gu. S 4.9 upajAti jisa vArNika vRtta meM indravajrA aura upendravajrA kA lakSaNa milA ho, usakA nAma 'upajAti' chanda hai| do tagaNa, eka jagaNa aura do guru indravajrA kA lakSaNa hai aura krama se jagaNa, tagaNa, jagaNa ke anantara do guru upendravajrA kA lakSaNa hai| udAharaNa isa prakAra hai gu. gu. ta. ta. ja. ' ' / S51 ISI SS (indra) nirmuktarAga pramadAbhirAma, vane mataMgapramadAbhirAma / ( upendra) (indra) namrIbhavanmaMdaravigrahAbha, jaya prabho ! maMdaravigrahAbha // ( upendra ) 551 ISI ta. 4.11 toTaka dRSTo mayA'rttihato, bhAgyAdbhavaM bhramatA / zrI vItarAga - jagaccUDAmaNi svamaho // 1 / ' / ja. ja. vizeSa-- yahA~ pAdAnta hrasva-svara guru hai / 4.10 bhujaGgaprayAta jisake pratyeka caraNa meM cAra-cAra yagaNa hote haiM, usako 'bhujaGgaprayAta' varNavRtta kahate haiM / isakA udAharaNa ya. ya. 155 ya. ISS / ' ' lasaNNANa - vinnANa-sannANa- mehaM, ya. / ' ' maNaM kalA - keli-rUvANugAraM, SS gu. 2 kalAbhiH kalAbhiryutAtmIya deham / stuve pArzvanAthaM guNazreNi-sAram // 3 391 jisa varNa-vRtta ke pratyeka caraNa meM cAra sagaNa hote haiM, use toTaka kahA jAtA 1. vahI, zrI vItarAgastava - chandajAtimayam (6) 2. samayasundara kRti kusumAMjali, nAnAvidhazleSamayaM zrI AdinAthastotram (2) 3. vahI, saMskRtaprAkRtabhASAmayaM pArzvanAthalaghustavanam (1)

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392 mahopAdhyAya samayasundara : vyaktitva evaM kRtitva sa. sa. sa. sa. 115 115 115 115 praNamAmi jinaM kamalA sadanaM, sadanaMtaguNaM kulhaarsmm| rasa maMdamaMdabhasudhAnayanaM, nayanaMditavaizvajanaM shminm|| 4.12 drutavilambita jisake pratyeka caraNa meM kramazaH 1 nagaNa, 2. bhagaNa aura 1 ragaNa hotA hai, use 'drutavilambita' nAmaka varNa-vRtta kahate haiM / nimnAMkita udAharaNa draSTavya hai - na. bha. bha. ra. / / / / / / / ' / ' satata-sajjana-nandita-navyabhaM, nayadhanaM varalabdhidharaM smm| radananakramanazcalana-priyaM, nalina-navyaya-naSTa-vanaM klm||2 4.13 stragviNi yaha varNa-vRtta hai| isake pratyeka caraNa meM cAra ragaNa hote haiN| vivecya sAhitya se sragviNI kA udAharaNa - SIS SIS SIS SIS tvAM nuve yasya taM zaMkare me mate, devapAdAMbujezaM kare me mte| manmanazcaMcarIkopasaMtApate, nAbhibhUpAMgabhUH kopsNtaapte|| 4.14 vaMzastha yaha bAraha varNoM kA vArNika chanda hai| isakA vyavahAra saMskRta kAvyoM meM adhika milatA hai| isameM jagaNa, tagaNa aura ragaNa Ate haiN| ise 'vaMzasthavilam' bhI kahate haiN| isakA udAharaNa - ja. ta. ja. ra. 151 551 151 SIS vinauti yo no sakalAniketanaM, kule jinaM hNsklaaniketnm| sukhAni lebhe samahaMsa kinnara-praNamya pAdaM samahaMsakinnara // 4.15 vasantatilakA jisa varNa-vRtta meM tagaNa, bhagaNa, jagaNa, punaH jagaNa, aura anta meM do guru hote 1. vahI, zrI pArzvanAthasya zrRMkhalAmayalaghustavanam (1) 2. vahI, zrIpArzvanAthazrRMgATakabandhastavanam (3) 3. samayasundara kRti kusumAMjali, nAnAvidhazleSamayaM zrIAdinAthastotram (13) 4. vahI, nAnAvidhazleSamayaM zrIAdinAthastotram (1)

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samayasundara kI racanAoM meM sAhityika tattva 393 haiM, usako vasantatilakA kahate haiN| kAzyapa muni ke matAnusAra isakA nAma 'siMhonnatA' aura saivata muni ke matAnusAra 'uddharSiNI' tathA piMgala ke matAnusAra 'madhumAdhavI' bhI hai| vasantatilakA kA udAharaNa isa prakAra hai - ta. bha. ja. ja. gu.2 551 / / / / / / 55 vandAmahe varamataM kRta-sAta-jAtaM, taM mAnakAntamanaghaM viparaudha kopm| padyAmalaM parama-maMga-karA'madA kaM, ___kaSTAvalI kalivanadvipa-hIna-pApam // 4.16 mAlinI yaha vArNika vRtta hai| ise koI-koI mAtrika bhI mAnate haiN| isa chanda ke pratyeka pAda meM do nagaNa, eka magaNa, punaH do yagaNa hote haiN| yathA --- na. na. ma. ya. ya. / / / / / / ''' |'' |'' prathamajinavarA saMkalpabhAvapramANaM, prakaTabhuvanakIrte kalpabhAvapramANa / pradalitaripuvandaH sarvadA tAtamezaM. - prathama madatimizre sarvadAtA tameza // 2 4.17 maNiguNanikara yaha maNi-guNa nAmaka vArNika vRtta kA eka bheda hai| maNi-guNa ke pratyeka caraNa meM cAra nagaNa aura eka sagaNa hotA hai| maNiguNanikara usake AThaveM varNa para virAma karane se banatA hai| samayasundara ne isakA nAma 'guNamaNinikara' diyA hai| udAharaNArtha - na. na. na. na. sa. / / / / / / / / / / / / / / azaraNa-zaraNa-maraNa-bhaya-haraNa, surpti-nrpti-shivsukh-krnn| jaya jinavara bhava-jalanidhi-taraNa, guNamaNinikara-caraNamayadharaNa // 3 vizeSa - pAdAnta-varNa guru hai| 4.18 hariNI jisa varNa-vRtta meM nagaNa, sagaNa, magaNa, ragaNa, sagaNa, eka laghu tathA eka guru 1. vahI, zrI pArzvanAthahArabandhacalacchakhalAgarbhitastotram (1) 2. samayasundara kRti kusumAMjali, nAnAvidhazleSamayaM zrI AdinAthastotram (4) 3. vahI, zrIvItarAgastava-chandajAtimayam (18)

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394 mahopAdhyAya samayasundara : vyaktitva evaM kRtitva ho, to usakA nAma 'hariNI' hotA hai| udAharaNa nIce prastuta hai - na. sa. ma. ra. sa. la.gu. / / / / / 555 ||' . ||' |' timira-nikara-dhvaMza-sUrya bhvoddhi-taarnnm| hit-sukhkr-bhvy-praanni-vrjaa-sukh-vaarnnm|| tava suvacanaM pIyUSAbhAM kariSyati naanythaa| narakagatito nazyet prANI yathA hariNI hare : // 1 4.19 zArdUlavikrIDita isa varNavRtta kA pratyeka pada 19 akSaroM kA hotA hai| unakA krama isa prakAra haimagaNa, sagaNa, jagaNa, sagaNa, tagaNa, punaH tagaNa aura anta meM eka guru| jaise - ma. sa. ja. sa. ta. ta. gu. 555 / / 5 / / ||' ' ' / '' |' AcAryaH zatazazca saMti zatazo, gaccheSu nAmnA parAM, tvaM tvAcArya padArthayuga yugavaraH prauDhaH prtaapaakrH| bhavyAnAM bhavasAgaraprataraNe, potAya mAno bhuvi, zrI macchrIjinasAgaraH sukhakaraH srvtrshobhaakrH||2 4.20 sragdharA ____ yadi magaNa, ragaNa, bhagaNa, nagaNa aura tIna yagaNa hoM tathA tIna bAra sAta-sAta akSaroM para yati ho, to vaha vArNika chanda 'sragdharA' kahalAtA hai| yathA - ma. ra. bha. na. ya. ya. ya. 555 515 511 ili 155 155 155 brahmANaM kepi devaM punarapi girizaM kepi nArAyaNaM c| kecicchaktisvarUpaM punarapi sugataM keci dllaabhidhaanm|| mugdhAdhyAyaMtyahaM sadguNamapijaladhiM vItarAgaM smraami| ko vAMchetkAcamAlAM yadi milati mAhakAMcinI srgdhraayaaN||3 vizeSa - yahA~ prathama caraNAnta 'ca' ko guru mAnA gayA hai| 4.21 AryA AryA chanda ke pUrvArdha tathA uttarArdha meM cAturmAtrika sAta gaNa evaM anta meM ekaeka guru varNa hotA hai| isa arddhamAtrika chanda ke pUrvArdha meM 30 mAtrAe~ evaM uttarArdha meM 27 1. vahI, zrI vItarAgastava-chandajAtimayam (19) 2. samayasundara kRti kusumAMjali, zrI jinasAgarasUryASTakam (5) 3. vahI, zrIvItarAgastava - chandajAtimayam (21)

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samayasundara kI racanAoM meM sAhityika tattva 395 mAtrAe~ hotI haiN| isa prakAra pUre chanda meM kula 57 mAtrAe~ hotI haiM / yathA - 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. gu. / / / / / / ' ' '' '|| / / 555 5 paNamiya pAsajiNaMda, sANaMdaM sylloynnaannNdN| = 30 mAtrA 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. gu. ' / / / / s' |' / ' / / / ''' zrIjiNacaMdamuNiMdaM thuNAmi bho bhaviya bhAveNa // = 27 mAtrA vizeSa = 1. AryA chanda ke chaThe gaNa meM kevala eka laghuvarNa hI hotA hai| 2. pAdAnta-akSara 'guru' mAnya hai| 4.22 gAthA yaha prAkRta-bhASA kA chanda hai| isameM tAla, svara Adi ke niyamoM kA bandhana nahIM hotA hai| jaise dIsai vivihaM cariyaM, jANijjai sayaNa dujaNa viseso| appANaM ca kalijjai, hiM Dijai teNa puhviie||2 4.23 caGga isa mAtrika-vRtta ke pratyeka caraNa meM 13 mAtrAe~ hotI haiN| vastutaH galAtmaka (51) antavAlI 'lIlA' ke antima laghu ko guru kara dene se yaha chanda banatA hai| udAharaNa isa prakAra hai / / / / 5 / 5 5 = 13 mAtrA vIsa viharamAna gAyA, paramAnanda sukha paayaa| jIbha pavitra piNa kIdhI, mizrI dUdhasyu pIdhI // 3 4.24 caupAI isameM 15 mAtrAe~ hotI haiN| isake anta meM 5 / anivArya hai| jaise - / / 5 55 / / ' '| = 15 mAtrA nayaNAM dIThAM nita ANaMda, sevaMtAM surataru nA kNd| lahiyai lakSmI lIla vilAsa, sahasaphaNA ciMtAmaNi pAsa // 4 4.25 paddhati isameM 16 mAtrAe~ hotI haiN| isake anta meM jagaNa rakhane kA vidhAna hai| udAharaNataH 1. vahI, yu0 jinacandrasUri gItam (1) 2. priyamelakatIrthaprabandhe siMhalasuta-caupAI (3.1) 3. samayasundara kRti kusumAMjali, viharamAna-vIsI-stavanAH, kalaza (1) 4. vahI, zrIlaudravapura sahasaphaNA pArzvanAtha stavanam (6)

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396 mahopAdhyAya samayasundara : vyaktitva evaM kRtitva Alocya sAhitya se nimnalikhita padya avalokya hai - 555 / / / 5 / / 5 / = 16 mAtrA jambUdvIpa lakha joyaNa mAna, bharatakhetra tihAM ati prdhaan| sAr3hA pacavIsa Arija desa, avara desa tihAM nahi dhrama lesa // 1 4.26 caupAI isameM 16 mAtrAe~ hotI haiN| isake anta meM jagaNa aura tagaNa kA niSedha hai| udAharaNa ke lie - / / ' ' ' / / 5 5 5 = 16 mAtrA ati U~cA jAdava AvAsA, daNDa kalaza dhaja puNya prkaashaa| maNi aMgaNi pratibimyA tArA, grahaNa karai mugatA phaladArA // 2 4.27 lIlAvRtta isa vRtta meM 18 mAtrAe~ hotI haiN| pAdAnta meM '| kA niSedha hai| yathA - 55 / / / / ' / |'' '-18 mAtrA vIse jinavara jJAna diNaMdA jii| caumukha sohai pUnamacaMdA jii| bhavi bhavi dejyo tuma pAya sevA jI / milana umAhyau gaja jima revA jii||3 4.28 savaiyA 22 se 26 varNoM taka ke eka gaNAtmaka vRtta ko savaiyA kahate haiM / 26 varNoM kA eka savaiyA nIce prastuta hai - ke kahaiM kRSNa ke kahai Isara, ke kahai brahmA kiyA jiNa ved| ke kahai allA , sahaja kahai ke, paramesara jU de bahu bhed| jagati sRSTi karatA upagArI, saMharatA paNi nANai khed| samayasundara kahai hU~ to mArnu, karama eka karatA dhru ved|| 4.29 sAra isa chanda meM 16-12 para vizrAma ke sAtha 28 mAtrAe~ hotI haiN| anta meM / ' yA / / rahate haiN| jaise = 28 mAtrA / / 5 / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / 5 / / 5 15 16 12 1. mRgAvatI-caritra-caupAI (1.1.1) 2. sAMba-pradyumna-caupAI (1.1.19) 3. samayasundara kRti kusumAMjali, vIsa viharamAna jinastavana (3-4) 4. vahI, prastAva-savaiyA chattIsI (2)

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samayasundara kI racanAoM meM sAhityika tattva 397 iha vIsa jinavara bhuvana dinakara, viharamAna jinesraa| niyanAma mAya sutAya lAMchana, sahita hita prmesraa|| jinacaMdrasUri vineya paNDita, sakalacanda mhaamunnii| tasu sIsa vAcaka samayasundara, saMthuNyA tribhuvana dhnnii||1 4.30 gItA isameM 14 vIM, 16 vIM mAtrA para virAma ke sAtha 28 mAtrAe~ hotI haiN| anta meM / ' yA ragaNa (515) rahatA hai| udAharaNArtha - 16 12 ra. = 28 mAtrA ||' |'| / / 55; ||' ' ' |' sirivaMta sAhi sutanna mAtA siriyA devI nNdnno| vairAgi lahuvaya liddha saMjama, bhaviya jaNa aannNdnno| zubha bhAva samakita, dhyAna samaraNa, paMca zrI prmittttho| so guru zrI jinacaMdasUri, dhana nayaNe dittttho| 4.31 marahaTThA mAdhavI isa vRtta meM 16-13 para vizrAma ke sAtha 29 mAtrAe~ hotI haiN| anta meM / ' rahatA hai| isakA nirmANa caupAI aura ullAlA ke caraNoM ke mela se hotA hai| isa vRtta kA udAharaNa isa prakAra hai - 16 13 la0 gu0 ' / / / / / / / / ; 5 15 ' / ' / ' = 29 mAtrA sovanakAra karI ativedana, vAghra suM vITyuM sIsa jii| metAraja muni mugate pahu~tA, upazama eha jagIza jii|| kurur3a akurur3a be sAdhu kahAtA, rahyA kuNAlA khAla jii| krodha karI kugate te pahu~tA, janma gamAyo Ala jii||3 4.32 dohA dohe ke viSama caraNoM meM 13-13 aura sama meM 11-11 mAtrAe~ hotI haiN| anta meM ' / rahatA hai| yathA - thaNa mukhi zyAma paNo thayo, garu nitaMba gati mNd| nayana sanehAlA thayA, mukhi amRta rasa viNd||4 1. vahI, vIsa viharamAna jinastavanam (kalaza, 23) 2. samayasundara kRti kusumAMjali, yu0 jinacandrasUri gItam (4) 3. vahI, kSamA-chattIsI (6-7) 4. sItArAma-caupAI (8.4, dUhA 2)

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398 mahopAdhyAya samayasundara : vyaktitva evaM kRtitva 4.33 soraThA soraThe ke viSama caraNoM meM 11-11 aura sama meM 13-13 mAtrAe~ hotI haiM / dohe kA ulTA soraThA hai| ataH isameM tuka-yojanA viSama caraNoM meM hotI hai| yathA - viSama 11 sama 13 / / 55 55 / / / / 555 5 / / / ati mIThA AhAra, sakharA dejyo saadhni| sukha lahisyuM zrIkAra, phala bIjAM sarikhA phli|| soraThA ke sama caraNa betuke bhI rahate haiN| yathA - krIr3A kAraNa kumAra, iNa avasara vani aaviyu| pUThI bahu parivAra, khelaNa lAgaNa khAMti suN||2 4.34 mizra sama aura arddhasama ke mela se gaThita chandoM ko mizra chanda kahate haiN| jaise - zrI gautama guru paya namI, gAu zrI gaccharAja / zrI jinasiMghasUrIsaru, pUravai vaMchita kAja / pUravai vaMchita kAja sahaguru, sobhAgI guNa soha e| munirAya mohana velinI pari, bhavika jana-jana soha e|| cAritra pAtra kaThora kiriyA, dharama kArija udymii| gururAja nA guNa gAisyu jI, zrI gautama guru paya namI // 3 yahA~ prathama do paMktiyA~ dohe kI aura zeSa cAra harigItikA kI haiN| isa prakAra hama pAte haiM ki mahAkavi samayasundara ne kAvya-nirmANa ke lie vibhinna chandoM ko apanAyA hai| saMkhyA vizeSa kI dRSTi se kavi ne sarvAdhika rUpa se anuSTupa, dohA Adi chandoM kA prayoga kiyA hai| 5. rAgeM tathA dezI 5.1 rAga ___'rAga' bhAratIya saMgIta kA vaiziSTaya hai| rAga vaha raMjaka dhuna hai, jisameM svara saMvAda-sambandha se paraspara sambaddha rahate haiN| zrotAoM ko raMjita karane meM rAga pramukha hai| kavi samayasundara ne apanI racanAoM ko loka-raJjaka banAne ke lie vividha rAgoM meM racanA kii| loka-gItoM kI apekSA zAstrIya rAgoM meM racanA karanA kucha kaThina sA hotA hai, lekina samayasundara ko sabhI zAstrIya rAgoM kA apekSita jJAna thaa| 'jinacandrasUri gItam' 1. priyamelaka siMhalasuta-caupAI (1.4) 2. priyamelaka siMhalasuta-caupAI, (DhAla 2 se pUrva soraThA, 1) 3. samayasundara kRti kusumAMjali, jinasiMhasUrigItAni (1)

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samayasundara kI racanAoM meM sAhityika tattva 399 meM guru- -varNana karate hue unhoMne zAstrIya saMgIta kI chaH rAga aura chatIsa rAginiyoM kA nAmollekha kiyA hai| 'candraprabha jina stavanam' meM unhoMne bhagavAna candraprabha kI stuti karate hue dvayarthaka rUpoM meM cavAlIsa rAgoM ke nAma prayukta kiye haiN| eka aisA bhI stavana prApta hotA hai, jo sataraha rAgoM meM gumphita hai / usa stavana kA nAma hai, 'zrI jaisalamera maNDana pArzvajina stavanam / ' kavi ne apane sAhitya meM aneka rAgoM kA prayoga kiyA hai, jinameM AzAvarI, kedAra, gaur3I, dhanyAzrI, sAraMga, malhAra Adi pramukha haiN| udAharaNArtha prastuta hai, kedAra rAga meM nirmita eka gIta prabhu tere guNa ananta apAra / sahasa rasanA karata suraguru, kahata na Ave pAra // koNa ambara giNai tArA, meru girI ko bhAra / carama sAgara lahari mAlA, karata koNa vicAra // bhagati guNa lavaleza bhAkhuM, suvidha jina sukhakAra / samayasundara kahai hamakuM, svAmI tuma AdhAra // -zailiyoM kA rasa samayasundara ke ina geya padoM meM sUradAsa tathA tulasIdAsa kI pada-: prApta kiyA jA sakatA hai| adhika vistAra meM na jAte hue yahA~ kevala unake kAvya meM prayukta rAgoM kA nAmollekha kiyA jA rahA hai| sAtha hI jina racanAoM meM ve rAgeM prayukta huI haiM, unakA bhI nirdeza kiyA jA rahA hai - ww -- 5.1.1 5.1.2 5.1.3 aDANa kanau - airavata kSetra caturviMzati jina gItam (20) / adharasa- aggaputta jina gItam; bhAvanA gItam / AsAvarI - sItArAma - caupAI (1.7); naladavadaMtI - - rAsa (3.1 : 6.3 ); sihalasutta - caupAI (4); zatruJjaya rAsa ( 2 ) ; vahI (4); zAMba - pradyumna caupAI (16) neminAtha gItam; aMta samaye jIva-nirjarA gItam; aThAraha pApa sthAnaka parihAra gItam; caurAsI lakSa jIvayoni-kSAmaNA gItam; manoratha gItam; adhyAtma sajjhAya; sAdhuguNa gItam; svArtha gItam; maraNa-bhaya-nivAraNa gItam; ghar3I lAkhINI gItam; jIva pratibodha gItam; zrI jinarAjasUri gItAni (2); zrI jinacandrasUristavana, bhaTTArakatraya gItam; gaur3I pArzvanAtha stavanam; zrI jaisalamera maMDana pArzvajina stavanam; zrI neminAtha gUDhA gItam; zrI neminAtha gItam; viharamAna - vIsI - stavanA: (3); caubIsI (21,15 ) sAvarI siMdhur3o - sItArAma - caupAI (2.3); cAra pratyekabuddha rAsa (1.8); zatruJjaya rAsa (4); cAra zaraNA gItam; zuddha zrAvaka duSkara milana gItam ; 1. samayasundara kRti kusumAMjali, cauvIsI, suvidhi jina stavana (1-3) 5.1.4

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400 5.1.5 5.1.6 5.1.7 5.1.8 5.1.9 5.1.10 5.1.11 5.1.12 5.1.13 5.1.14 5.1.15 5.1.16 5.1.17 mahopAdhyAya samayasundara : vyaktitva evaM kRtitva jIva pratibodha gItam ; zrI jinacandrasUri gItam / kar3akhA - sImaMdhara svAmI gItam / kanaDa aDANaunAvI gItam / kalyANa -- jinasiMhasUri gItAni (25); zrI zreNika - vijJapti - garbhitaM zrI mahAvIra gItam ; tAraMgA pArzvanAtha stavanam ;; zrI lodravapura sahasraphaNA pArzvanAtha stavana, jaisalamera maMDana pArzvajina stavanam (16); viharamAna - vIsI - stavanAH (8) / kAMnar3au -- 3-nala- davadaMtI rAsa (2.4); sumati jina stavana; zrI jaisalamera maNDaNa pArzvajina stavana (7); zrI aimattA RSi gItam ; zrI jinarAja sUri gItAni (1) / kAphI- zrI timarIpura pArzvanAtha gItam ; zrI bIbIpura maNDana cintAmaNi pArzvanAtha stavana; zrI kaMsArI-traMvAvatI-maMDana bhIr3abhaMjana pArzvanAthabhAsa (3); caubIsI (3) / kAphI - aThatAlA - airavata kSetra caturviMzati gItAni (10) / kAphI - dhanyA zrI - valkalacIrI rAsa (4) / kAlaharau -- kSullakakumAra rAsa ( 2 ); zAMba-padyumna caupAI ( 6 ) ; tapa gItam; Atmapramoda gItam; zrI bAhubali gItam / kedArA-gaur3I-sItArAma - caupAI (8.6); puNyasAra-rAsa (2,6); naladavadaMtIrAsa ( 6,1 ) ; mAna-1 - nivAraNa gItam ; kAyA - jIva gItam ; sthUlibhadra gItam, zrI neminAtha gItam; zatruJjayamaNDana yugAdi deva gItam; airavata kSetra caturviMzati gItAni (21); zAMba - pradyumna caupAI (1,11); cAra pratyekabuddha caupAI (1.4); mRgAvatI - caritra caupAI (1.3, 1.9) kedAro - naladavadantI - rAsa (1.5,5.5); cAra pratyekabuddha rAsa ( 2.7); mRgAvatIcaritra caupAI (1.2, 3.6); viSayanivAraNa gItam, krodha nivAraNa gItam; jinasiMhasUri gItAni (26); sAmAnya jina vijJapti gItam; jinapratimApUjA gItam ; zrI ajAharA pArzvanAtha bhAsa; jaisalamerumaNDaNa pArzvajina stavanam (12); zrI neminAtha gItam; zrI zAntinAtha gItam; viharamAna vIsI stavanAH (18); aikhata kSetra caturvizati gItAni ( 8 ); caubIsI (9,10 ) / khambhAyati - jaisalamera-maNDana pArzvajinastavanam (15); puNyasAra rAsa (7); zaba- pradyumra caupAI (15); cAra pratyekabuddha rAsa (1.6) / khelAnI - sItArAma - caupAI (6.5) / guNDa - viharamAna vIsI stavanA: (5); arbudAcala-maNDana-yugAdideva gItam;

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samayasundara kI racanAoM meM sAhityika tattva 401 jinasAgarasUri gItAni (5); zrI stambhana pArzvanAtha stavanam; jaisalamera maNDana pArzvajina stavanam (9); zAba-pradyumna caupAI (3,14) / 5.1.18 guNDa-malhAra-zrI sAmAnya jina giitm| 5.1.19 guNDa mizra-pArakI hoDa nivAraNa giitm| 5.1.20 gUjarI-dAna-zIla tapa-bhAvanA gUDhA gItam; udyama-bhAgya gItam; zrI saurIpura maNDana neminAtha bhAsa; caubIsI (22) / 5.1.21 gaur3I-zAMba-pradyumna caupAI (5,8); cAra pratyekabuddha rAsa (1.1,2.2,4.8); mRgAvatI-caritra caupAI (1.11,3.4); naladavadantI rAsa (2.5,4.3,5.3,6.4); sItArAma-caupAI (1.6,3.4,4.4); puNyasAra rAsa (11,14); valkalacIrI rAsa (3); kSullakakumAra rAsa (1); dhanadatta caupAI (6); jIva pratibodha gItam; jinasiMhasUri gItAni (27); jJAna paMcamI vRhatstavana (kalaza); gaur3I pArzvanAtha stavanam (2.3); jaisalamera maNDana pArzvajina stavanam (11); sImandhara jina gItam (2); virahamAna-vIsI stavanAH (2,9,16); airavata kSetra caturviMzati gItAni (22); caubIsI (2) / 5.1.22 gaur3I-kedAro-vAsupUjya jina stvn| 5.1.23 jaitasirI-puNyasAra rAsa (13); zrI giranAra maNDana neminAtha gItama: vimala jina stavana; zAMba-pradyumna caupAI (7); mRgAvatI-caritra caupAI (1.4) / 5.1.24 jaitasirI-dhannAsirI-zrI sthulibhadra gItam ; dAdA zrI jinakuzalasUri giitm| 5.1.25 jattinI-sItArAma-caupAI (2.2) / 5.1.26 jAMgaNDA-nI-sItArAma-caupAI (6.4) / 5.1.27 taur3I- huMkAra-parihAra gItam; zrIjinasAgarasUri gItAni (6); vimalAcala maNDana Adi jina stavana; airavata kSetra caturvizati gItAni (18); cAra pratyekabuddha rAsa (1.9); mRgAvatI-caritra caupAI (1.3) / 5.1.28 dezAkha- zrI zItala jina gItam; zrI neminAtha gItam; zrI jaisalamera-maNDana pArzvajina stavanam (2) / 5.1.29 devagaMdhAra-jIva-vyApArI gItam; caubIsI (23) / 5.1.30 dhanyAzrI-siMhalasuta caupAI (11); draupadI caupAI (3.6); valkalacIrI rAsa (10); puNyasAra caupAI (15); campakaveSThi caupAI (2.8); dhanadatta caupAI (9); zatruJjaya rAsa (6); zAMba-pradyumna caupAI (13); cAra pratyekabuddha rAsa (1.10,2. 8); mRgAvatI-caritra caupAI (1.10,2.13,3.9,3.12); kezIpradezI prabandha (4); rAtrI jAgI gItamaH zrI saMgha guNa gItam, zrI jinasAgarasUri gItAni (7); zrI jinasiMhasUri gItAni (29); zrI nanola

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402 mahopAdhyAya samayasundara : vyaktitva evaM kRtitva pArzvanAtha bhAsa; zrI zaMkhezvara pArzvajina stavanam (3); zrI jaisalamera maNDana pArzvajina stavana (17); gaNadhara vasahI Adi jina stavana (12); viharamAna vIsI stavanAH (kalaza); vAriseNa jina gItam (kalaza); caubIsI (klsh)| 5.1.31 dhamAla-zrI sikandarapura cintAmaNi pArzvanAtha stvnm| 5.1.32 naTTa nArAyaNa-karma gItam: sarvabheSamuktigamana gItama; jIva naTAvA gItamaH zrI jinarAjasari gItAni (4): caubIsI (18): zrI bhoDiyA grAma maNDana vIra jina gItam; gurvAvalI gItam; zrI jinasiMhasUri gItAni (23) / 5.1.33 parajIyau-caubIsI (24); zrI RSabhadeva hularAmaNA gItam; zrI neminAtha gItam zrI neminAtha rAjimatI giitm| 5.1.34 paradau- zrI jaisalamera maNDana pArzvajina stavanam (13) / 5.1.35 paMcama-zrI jinasiMhasUri gItAni (30) / 5.1.36 pUravI- zrI jinasiMhasUri gItAni (6); zrI sAmAnya jina stvnm| 5.1.37 prabhAtI-zrI jinasAgarasUri gItAni (15); zrI jinasiMhasUri-tithivicAra gItam; zrI gautamasvAmI gItam (3); zrI anAgata caubIsI stavana; zrI atIta caubIsI stavana; viharamAna bIsI stavanAH (6); zrI phalavarddhi pArzvanAtha stavanam; paMca parameSThI giitm| prohitiyArI-sItArAma-caupAI (6.6) / 5.1.39 baMgAlu-sItArAma-caupAI (7.4); valkalacIrI rAsa (9); mRgAvatI caritra caupAI (2.10,3.8) / 5.1.40 bhUpAla-sItArAma-caupAI (1.1); cAra pratyekabuddha rAsa (2.4); mulatANa maNDana jinadattasUri-jinakuzalasUri gIta; jIva-karmasambandha gItam; sandeha gItam; duSamAkAle saMyama pAlana gItam; jIvadayA gItam; vItarAga satyavacana gItam; zrI jinasAgarasUri gItAni (4); zrI zAlibhadra gItam; zrI arihaMta pada stavanamaH zrI Adityayaza Adi 8 sAdhu giitm| 5.1.41 bhUpAla-aThatAlau-airavata kSetra caturviMzati gItAni (13) / 5.1.42 bhairava- kunthu jina stavanaH zrI gaur3I pArzvanAtha stavanam (4); zrI bhAmA pArzvanAtha stavanam (2); zrI cintAmaNi pArzvanAtha bhAsa, zrI zAmalA pArzvanAtha gItam; antaraMga vicAra gItam; kriyA-preraNA gItam; paThana-preraNA gItam; sUtA jAgaraNa gItam; zrI jinasiMhasUri gItAni (21); zrI jina kuzalasUri giitm| 5.1.43 malhAra-mRgAvatI caritra caupAI (1.12); sItArAma-caupAI (1.6,2.8,6.7), puNyasAra rAsa (5,9,12); pATaNamaNDana zrIjinakuzalasUri gItam; zrI ilAputra 5.1.38

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403 samayasundara kI racanAoM meM sAhityika tattva giitm| 5.1.44 malhAra-mizra-zrI zaMkhezvara pArzvajina stvn| 5.1.45 mAravaNI- puNyasAra rAsa (10) / 5.1.46 mAruNI-dhanyAzrI-zAMba-pradyumna caupAI (4); cAra pratyekabuddha rAsa (1); vimalajina stavana; zrI zatrujaya tIrtha bhAsa; zrI jinasiMhasUri gItAni (13) / 5.1.47 mAru-puNyasAra rAsa (4); jaisalamera maNDana pArzvajina stavana (10); caubIsI (1) / 5.1.48 mAruNI-naladavadantI rAsa (2.2); mRgAvatI-caritra caupAI (2.7); caubIsI (1.6); airavata kSetra caturviMzati gItAni (11,15); viharamAna bIsI stavanAH (1,13,14,19); sImaMdhara jina stavana; neminAtha gItama: neminAtha gItama; neminAtha gItam; (ye sabhI pRthaka-pRthaka gIta haiM); zrI kaMsArI-trambAvatI maNDana bhIr3abhaMjana pArzvanAtha bhAsa; zrI sAmAnya jina AMgI gItam ; zrI rAmacandra gItam ; ajayameru maNDana jinadattasUri gItam; jIva pratibodha gItama; amarasara maNDana zrI jinakuzalasUri giitm| 5.1.49 mAlavI gaur3I-cAra pratyekabuddha rAsa (3.9); jinasiMhasUri gItAni (24); aSTApada maNDana zAntinAtha gItam airavata kSetra caturviMzati gItAni; caubIsI (4) / 5.1.50 mizra-ghar3iyAlI gItam; hIyAlI giitm| 5.1.51 mulatAnI- dhanyAzrI-zrI neminAtha giitm| 5.1.52 mevAr3au- zrI jinasiMhasUri gItAni (1) / 5.1.53 rAmagiri-sItArAma-caupAI (3.1); siMhalasuta caupAI (1); valkalacIrI rAsa (1); puNyasAra rAsa (1); zatruJjaya rAsa (1); dAna gItam; yati lobhanivAraNa gItam zrI jinasiMhasUri gItAni; zrI rAjula-rathanemi gItam zrI dazArNabhadra gItam; caubIsI (8,20); zrI neminAtha gItam; neminAtha gItam; zrI jaisalamera maNDana pArzvajina stavanam (1); mRgAvatI caritra caupAI (2.1,3.11); zAMba-pradyumna caupAI (2); cAra pratyekabuddha rAsa (2.5) / 5.1.54 lalita-zrI jinasiMhasUri gItAni (8); caubIsI (11); viharamAna vIsI stavanAH (12) / 5.1.55 vasaM ta-- dAdA zrI jinakuzalasuri gIta; airavata kSetra caturvizati gItAni (12); viharamAna vIsI stavanAH (11); candravAri maNDana zrI candraprabha bhAsa; neminAtha phAga; zrI jaisalamera maNDana pArzvajina stavana (4); zrI antarikSa pArzvanAtha giitm|

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404 mahopAdhyAya samayasundara : vyaktitva evaM kRtitva 5.1.56 vihAgar3au- airavata kSetra caturvizati gItAni (24) / 5.1.57 vihAgar3au-kedArau- airavata kSetra caturvizati gItAni (16) / 5.1.58 velAula-puNyasAra rAsa (8); cAra pratyekabuddha rAsa (2.1); caubIsI (6); airavata kSetra caturvizati gItAni (14,17); zrI bhar3akula pArzvanAtha gItam; ekAdaza gaNadhara gItam; jaga-sRSTikAra paramezvara gItam; vrata paccakkhANa giitm| 5.1.59 vairAr3I-zrI jaisalamera maMDana pArzvanAtha gItam (5); zrI jinasiMhasUri gItAni (15); paramezvara svarUpa durlabha gItam; niraMjana dhyAna gItam siMhalasuta caupAI (6); zatruJjaya rAsa (5); cAra pratyekabuddha rAsa (1.1) / 5.1.60 zuddha naTa-airavata kSetra caturviMzati gItAni (9); viharamAna vIsI stavanAH (15); zrI jinasAgarasUri gItAni (2) / / 5.1.61 zrIrAga-caubIsI (7); viharamAna vIsI stavanAH (17); zrI Adideva candra gItam; zrI jaisalamera pArzvajina stavanam (6); zrI gaur3I pArzvanAtha gItam zrI mahAvIra gItam; jinarAjasUri gItAni (1) / 5.1.62 saMghavIrI- sItArAma-caupAI (6.6) / 5.1.63 sabAba- viharamAna vIsI stavanAH (17); zrI kaMsArI-traMbAvatI maMDana bhIr3abhaMjana pArzvanAtha bhAsa (2); niMdA parihAra giitm| 5.1.64 sabAba mizra-zrI paramezvara bheda gItam; 5.1.65 sAraMga-cAra pratyekabuddha rAsa (3.6); sItArAma-caupAI (1.1); jinakuzalasUri gItama; kAminI-vizvAsa-nirAkaraNa gItam zrI jinasiMhasUri gItAni (22); zrI jinasiMhasUri gItAni (5); zrI sthUlibhadragItam; zrI payuSaNa parva gItam; zrI suriyAbhasura nATaka-darzana mahAvIra gItam zrI varakANA pArzvanAtha stavanam; zrI amIjharA pArzvanAtha gItam zrI jaisalamera maMDana pArzvajina stavanam; zrI naDulAI maMDaNa neminAtha bhAsa; caubIsI (14) / 5.1.66 sAraMga-malhAra-cAra pratyekabuddha rAsa (1.5); mRgAvatI-caritra caupAI (3.1) / 5.1.67 sUghaDau-viharamAna-vIsI-stavanAH (10); zrI neminAtha giitm| 5.1.68 sUhaba-zrI jaisalamera maMDana pArzvajina stavanam (14); mRgAvatI-caritra caupAI (2.3) / 5.1.69 soraThaM-cAra pratyekabuddha rAsa (2.6); mRgAvatI-caritra caupAI (1.13,2.9); zrI pArzvanAtha aneka tIrtha nAma stavana: hitazikSA giitm| 5.1.70 hamIra-kalyANa-jinasAgarasUri gItAni (3) / 5.2 dezI samayasundara ne 'mArgI' arthAt zAstrIya rAgoM ke atirikta jinake AdhAra para

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405 samayasundara kI racanAoM meM sAhityika tattva geya-racanA kI, unake lie lokagIta, dezI, jAti Adi zabdoM kA prayoga kiyA hai| ye janasAdhAraNa ke bIca gAye jAne vAle ve gIta haiM, jo paramparA se kisI jana-samAja meM pracalita tathA laya-pradhAna haiN| yadyapi mArgI aura dezI-donoM kA srota loka-saMgIta hai, antara kevala yahI hai ki prathama ko saMskArita hone ke kAraNa ucca zreNI meM sthAna milA aura dvitIya loka-ruci ke anukUla vikasita hone ke kAraNa janasAdhAraNa meM lokapriya huii| prathama meM anuzAsana niyamoM kA thA, dUsare meM loka-ruci kaa| isa taraha mArga saMgIta ko rAjatantra kA pratinidhi mAneM, to dezI ko lokatantra kA pratinidhi mAnA jA sakatA hai| samayasundara ne geya-racanAoM meM mArga arthAt zAstrIya rAgoM ko to prayukta kiyA hI hai, sAtha hI sAtha dezI' kA bhI prayoga kiyA hai| vastuta: sthAnIya vizeSatAoM ko AtmasAt karane ke kAraNa hI ve dezI kahalAtI haiN| kavi ne mAravAr3a, gujarAta, mer3atA, mAlavI, nAgaura, sindha, DhUMDhADa Adi vibhinna pradezoM kI bhinna-bhinna deziyoM ko vyavahata kiyA hai| unhoMne jina deziyoM ko prayukta kiyA, unake udAharaNa vistAra-bhaya se nahIM diye jA rahe haiN| unake dvArA prayukta deziyoM kA vivaraNa isa prakAra hai - 5.2.1 atiraGga bhIne ho raMga bhiine| - naladavadantI-rAsa (5.5) 5.2.2 apaNai saudAgarau kuM hU~ calaNa na desyu| - naladavadantI-rAsa (1.5) 5.2.3 aba tuma Avo ho simandhara saambhlo| - cAra pratyekabuddha rAsa (4.6) 5.2.4 amAM mhAMkI citrAlaMkI joi, amAM mhAkI mArur3ai mArur3ai maivAsi ko sAda suhAmaNo re lo| - sItArAma-caupAI (9.1) 5.2.5 ammAM morI mohi paraNAvi he ammAM morI jesalamerAM jAdavAM hai| - sItArAma-caupAI (8.7) amhanai amhArai priyu gamai, kAjI mahamada naa|| - sItArAma-caupAI (3.1) 5.2.7 aragha maNDita nArI naagilaa| - zrI khandaka-ziSya gItam 5.2.8 albelaa| - siMhalasuta caupAI (5); gaNadharavasahI Adijina stavana (2) 5.2.9 AMbo mohyo re jina taNo rayaNa ke tAre mAi jhlmlaa| - cAra pratyekabuddha rAsa (3.16); sItArAma-caupAI (7.7) 5.2.6

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406 mahopAdhyAya samayasundara : vyaktitva evaM kRtitva 5.2.10 aakhyaan-nii| rAjA rAja karai jaya naame| - draupadI-caupAI (2.9) 5.2.11 Aja dharAhU~ dhuNdhlu| - thAvaccAsuta RSi caupAI (2.3) 5.2.12 Adara jIva kSamA gunn| - puNyasAra rAsa (11) 5.2.13 Avau juhAro re ajhArau paas| - sItArAma-caupAI (5.1) 5.2.14 Avau re sahiyara savi milI jii| - jinasAgarasUri-gItAni (8) 5.2.15 Avyau tihAM nrhr| __- satraha prakAra jIva alpa-bahutva garbhita stavanam (2) 5.2.16 Ahe posa paDhama pakhi dasamI nisi jiNa jaayu| - upadhAnatapa stavanam (2) 5.2.17 ika dina mahAjana Ave e| - kSullakaRSi-rAsa (1); naladavadantI-rAsa (2.5) 5.2.18 iDara AMbA aaNbilii| - campakaveSThi-caupAI (2.6) 5.2.19 iDaragaDha nii| ___ ~ thAvaccAsuta RSi caupAI (2.7) 5.2.20 iNai gAmar3i vAr3I vali, ke AmbA rAvalA re| - mRgAvatI-caupAI (3.3) 5.2.21 ima suNi dUta vacana kopiyau rAjA mnn| - sItArAma-caupAI (5.6); valkalacIrI-rAsa(9) 5.2.22 iDariyai-ra ulagANai AbU ulagyau aa.| - sItArAma-caupAI (3.6) 5.2.23 upazama taru chAyA rasa liiji| - cAra pratyekabuddha rAsa (4.2); yugamaMghara jina gItam. 5.2.24 umaTi Ai bdlii| ___ - campakaveSThi caupAI (2.3) 5.2.25 umaTi AI mAru bAdalI mhAMkA DholaNA varasANa lAgau meh| - thAvaccAsuta RSi caupAI (2.6)

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samayasundara kI racanAoM meM sAhityika tattva UlAlAnI / 5.2.26 RSabhadeva morA ho / RSabha prabhu pujIyaI / eu-eu candrAnana jiNacaMda namo / eka dina nami rAjA nau hAthI chUTau ati madamasta thakau / 5.2.27 5.2.28 5.2.29 5.2.30 5.2.31 5.2.32 5.2.33 5.2.34 olagaDI / 5.2.35 5.2.36 5.2.37 5.2.38 eka divasa koi mAgadha Ayau puradaMra pAsi / eka puruSa sAmala sukalINau / eka lahara lyai goratyA re / sItArAma - caupAI (5.7); puNyasAra - rAsa (8) - mRgAvatI - caritra - caupAI (2.2) kapUra huvaI ati UjaluM re / 407 - viharamAna vIsI stavanA: (7) ------ ases pUji padhArisya / kaiyai milasyai munivara ehavA / kanar3au, Thamaki Thamaki pAya pAvarI bajAi, gajagati bAMha luDAvara raMga bhInI gvAlaNi Avai / - zatruJjaya - rAsa (6) - naladavadantI - rAsa (6.7) - naladavadantI - rAsa (6.1) - naladavadantI - rAsa (6.6) - sItArAma - caupAI (2.6); mRgAvatIcaritra caupAI (1.12) gaNadharavasahI Adi jina stavana (3) - upadhAnatapa-stavana - sItArAma - caupAI (2.1) - - * zuddha zrAvaka duSkara milana gItam - valkalacIrI - rAsa (7) - - puNyasAra rAsa ( 6 ) ; sItArAma - caupAI (4.7); dAna-zIlatapa - bhAvanA - saMvAda zataka ( 4 ); sAdhu- vandanA rAsa (10), zaba- pradyumna caupAI (10); jIva- pratibodha gItam, zrI zAlibhadra gItama.

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408 _mahopAdhyAya samayasundara : vyaktitva evaM kRtitva . 5.2.39 kabahi milai mujha jau krtaaraa| - draupadI-caupAI (2.11) 5.2.40 karai citArai nindA ApaNI jii| - naladavadantI-rAsa (4.4) 5.2.41 kara jor3I Agala rhii| - - gaNadharavasahI Adijina stavana (11); campakaveSThi-caupAI(2.1) 5.2.42 karama parIkSA karaNa kumara caalyo| - campakaveSThi-caupAI (9) 5.2.43 klaalaa-nii| - draupadI-caupAI (3.2) 5.2.44 kahijyo paNDita eha hiiyaalii| - campakaveSThi-caupAI (1.13) 5.2.45 kAcI kalI anAra kI re hAM sUyar3A rahyA lobhAya mere ddholnnaa| - cAra pratyekabuddha rAsa (1.4); zrI arahanaka muni gItam 5.2.46 kaachivaa| - mRgAvatI-caritra-caupAI (1.13) 5.2.47 kAnhA tuM caugo mADhU re| .- draupadI-caupAI (2.7) 5.2.48 kAmaNagArA re lok| - zAmba-pradyumna-caupAI (2.3) 5.2.49 kAriNa kuNa samArai dehaa| - mRgAvatI-caritra-caupAI (1.3) 5.2.50 kihAM gayau nala kihAM gyu| - zrI rAjula-rahanemi gItam 5.2.51 kumara purandara calyau Agai Agai ati ANaMda hIyai dhrtu| - naladavadantI-rAsa (6.7) 5.2.52 kumarI jANyau kArija sIdhu, tAta binA paNi dahava kiidhu| - mRgAvatI-caritra-caupAI (3.7) 5.2.53 kumarI bolAvai kuubddu| - dhanadatta-caupAI (3); thAvaccAsuta RSi caupAI (1.10) 5.2.54 kRpAnAtha lai kUpanau sadharyau rii| -viharamAna vIsI stavanAH (8)

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samayasundara kI racanAoM meM sAhityika tattva 409 5.2.55 kRpAnAtha mujha vInati avdhaar| - sAdhu-vandanA-rAsa (6) 5.2.56 kekai rANI vara maaNge| - campakaSThi-caupAI (1.7); thAvaccAsuta RSi caupAI (2.2) 5.2.57 koi pUcho bA~jhaNa josI re, hari ko milaNa kada hosI re| - sItArAma-caupAI (8.5) 5.2.58 koilau paravata dhuMdhalo re laal| - naladavadantI-rAsa (3.2) 5.2.59 khelaanii| __ - draupadI-caupAI (2.4) 5.2.60 gaMgA mINA rA thArI mirglii| - cAra pratyekabuddha rAsa (3.1) 5.2.61 gajarA-nI - zrI gajasukumAla muni gItam 5.2.62 gaDai mevAr3a loDiyau re laal| - naladavadantI-rAsa (3.2) 5.2.63 galiyAre sAjaNa milyA re| - sItArAma-caupAI (9.2); zrI karakaNDu pratyekabuddha gItam; gaNadharavasahI Adi jina stavana (1) 5.2.64 giradhara aavego| -cAra pratyekabuddha rAsa (4.3); naladavadantI-rAsa (1.4) campakaveSThi caupAI (1.12) 5.2.65 gujarAtI puulddaaN| - zAba-pradyumna-caupAI (11) 5.2.66 gujarAtI sahaler3I nii| - zrI zAntinAtha hularAmaNA gItam 5.2.67 guNa veldd'ii-nii| - zrI zAntinAtha hularAmaNA gItam 5.2.68 gurujI ne vdhaamnndduN| - sAMjhI gItam 5.2.69 gaur3I maMDana paas| - zrI jJAnapaMcamI vRhat stavanam

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410 mahopAdhyAya samayasundara : vyaktitva evaM kRtitva 5.2.70 gautama svAmI smosryaa| - draupadI-caupAI (1.1) 5.2.71 ghar3I ghar3I rusnnu| - naladavadantI-rAsa (2.3) 5.2.72 ghari Ava re manamohana ghottaa| - sItArAma-caupAI (1,11) 5.2.73 caMda nagarI dIpatI jii| - zAba-pradyumna caupAI (1.10) 5.2.74 caMdAyaNA nIpaja dUhe duuhe| - sItArAma-caupAI 5.2.75 caMdaprabha bheTyau re maiM cNdvaari| - viharamAna vIsI stavanAH (11) 5.2.76 - caMdrAulA-nI - naladavadantI rAsa (2.1); zrI jinacandrasUri candrAulA gItam 5.2.77 cauvIsamau jiNarAya raMge pnnmiy| - upadhAnatapa stavanam 5.2.78 caDhyau raNa jUjhivA caMDapradyota nRp| - sItArAma-caupAI (6.1) 5.2.79 catura sanehI re mere laal| - naladavadantI-rAsa (6.8) 5.2.80 caraNa karaNa ghara munivara vaMdiyai e| - gautama-pRcchA caupAI (4); kSullaka RSi rAsa (4); campakazreSThi caupAI (1.2); zAmba-pradyumna caupAI (20); draupadI-caupAI (2.10) 5.2.81 caraNAlI cAmuMDA raNi cddhi| - draupadI-caupAI (2.5); sItArAma-caupAI (2.3); gaNadharavasahI Adi jina stavana (10) 5.2.82 citor3I rI rAjA ro| - cAra pratyeka-buddha rAsa (1.7) 5.2.83 ceti cetana kri| - sItArAma caupAI (4.5); dAna-zIla-tapa-bhAva-saMvAda-zataka (5); thAvaccAsuta-RSi caupAI (1.6); pauSadha-vidhi gItam (4);

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samayasundara kI racanAoM meM sAhityika tattva 411 zAMba-pradyumna-caupAI (11); cAra pratyeka-buddha rAsa (1.8); mRgAvatI-caritra caupAI (2.12) 5.2.84 coco riti kari cihu gmi| - sAdhu-vandanA-rAsa (15) 5.2.85 chai moTaM paNi padama sarovara / -viharamAna vIsI stavanAH (9) 5.2.86 chAMno nai chipI nai vAlho kiMhA rhiu| - sItArAma-caupAI (7.1) 5.2.87 jNtrii-rii| - cAra pratyekabuddha rAsa (2.6) 5.2.88 jaMbudvIpa pUrava suvideha / - sItArAma-caupAI (2.2) 5.2.89 jaMbudvIpa majhAra avasara jANI indr| - cAra pratyekabuddha rAsa (3.5); thAvaccAsuta RSi caupAI (1.3); sItArAma caupAI (4.6) 5.2.90 jaMbudvIpa majhAri bharata kSetra mAheM hathiNAurapura salahIyara / - naladavadantI-rAsa (3.5) 5.2.91 jau tuM cAlyau cAkarI pUravau ugamaNani vAra ulagANA vAra hUM cAlivAne chu| - naladavadantI-rAsa (6.5) 5.2.92 jakar3I-nI - draupadI-caupAI (1.14); naladavadantI-rAsa (2.5); sItArAma-caupAI (1.6); mRgAvatI-caritra caupAI (1.7); valkalacIrI rAsa (3) 5.2.93 jaga jIvana vIra jI kuvaNa tumhArai siis| - pauSadha-vidhi gItam (5) 5.2.94 jagi chai ghaNAi ghaNerA, tIratha bhalA bhleraa| - sItArAma-caupAI (5.7) 5.2.95 jttii-rii| - naladavadantI-rAsa (1.3) 5.2.96 janani mani AsA ghnni| - sAdhu-vandanA-rAsa (13); karma-nirjarA rItam;

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412 5.2.97 5.2.98 jalAliyA-nI 5.2.103 mahopAdhyAya samayasundara : vyaktitva evaM kRtitva zrI thAvaccA RSi gItam; cAra pratyekabuddha rAsa (1.3) jAi re jIurA nikasakai / - draupadI - caupAI (3.6 ) ; siMhalasuta - caupAI (6); gaNadharavasahI Adi jina stavanam (7) 5.2.99 jA jA re bAMdhava tuM bar3au / 5.2.100 jAnI etA mAna na kIjiyai e / - sItArAma - caupAI (7.4) 5.2.101 jAnI be sihara bar3A mulatANa vici mandArA sohadA maija jASI be| - mRgAvatI - caritra caupAI (3.9) 5.2.102 jiNavara suM merau mana lINau / - valkalacIrI- - rAsa (4); draupadI - caupAI (1.2) 5.2.109 jhUbakharA / 5. 2.104 jIvar3A jinadharma kIjiyai / * thAvaccAsuta RSi caupAI (2.9); naladavadantI - rAsa (3.1 ); zatruJjaya - rAsa ( 2 ); zrI RSidattA gItam; sItArAma - caupAI (3.1,5.2) jinajI tuma darasaNa mujha nai bAlahu / -mRgAvatI- caritra caupAI (3.11) zatruJjaya - rAsa (4) - draupadI - caupAI (1.4) - - zAMba - pradyumna - caupAI (15) 5.2.105 juddha saNyau padyAvatI re / 5.2.106 jaisalamera jIrAulai re / 5.2.107 joganAnai kahijyo re Adeza / 5.2.108 jhAMkhara dIvA re balai re, kAlari kamala na hoi / chori mUrikha merI bAMhar3iyA, mIMyA joraiMjI proti na joi // - sItArAma - caupAI (4.2) - 5.2.110 ThamakI- ThamakI pAyanau / - - naladavadantI - rAsa (1.2) - sItArAma caupAI (8.2) cAra pratyekabuddha-rAsa (3.4) - sItArAma - caupAI (9.3) -

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samayasundara kI racanAoM meM sAhityika tattva 413 5.2.111 DholaNI dahiyA nai mahiyA re, bAMbhaNI vIralA re rAyajAdI re| - valkalacIrI-caupAI (5) 5.2.112 tapodhana rUr3A re| - zrI prasannacanda rAjarSi gItam 5.2.113 tiNa avasara eka bhIla Avi ubhaU rhyu| - naladavadantI-rAsa (3.5) 5.2.114 timarI pAsai vaDaluM gaan| - cAra pratyekabuddha rAsa(3.10); sItArAma-caupAI (2.2); siMhalasuta-caupAI (10); dhanadatta-caupAI (2); vastupAla-tejapAla rAsa (2) 5.2.115 tillI rA giitnii| - sItArAma-caupAI (9.1) 5.2.116 tIrthaGkara re cauvIsa mai saMstavyA re| - valkalacIrI-rAsa (10) 5.2.117 tuMgiyA giri sikhara sohii| - campakaveSThi-caupAI (9.1); sAdhu-vandanA-rAsa (11); kSullaka RSi rAsa (2); bAraha bhAvanA gItam; navavAr3azIla gItam; zAMba-pradyumna caupAI (21); cAra pratyekabuddha rAsa (3.1) 5.2.118 te mujha micchAmi dukkddN| - campakazreSThi caupAI (1.5), AloyaNA-chattIsI 5.2.119 torA nauM raMjyo re lAkhoraNa jAtI, torA kIjai mhAkAM laal| dAru piai jI, paDavai padhArau mhAkA lAla lasakara lejyo jii| - sItArAma-caupAI (5.3) 5.2.120 tore koDale vedaramI paraNuM kuarI re| - draupadI-caupAI (2.1) 5.2.121 trATaka veli nii| -- sItArAma-caupAI (1.7) 5.2.122 thAMkI avalu Avai jii| - sItArAma-caupAI (2.7) 5.2.123 dillI ke darabAra maI lakha Avai lakha jaay| eka na Avai navaraMga khAna jAkI padharI Dhali Dhali jAvai be navaraMga vairAgI laal| - sItArAma-caupAI (9.4)

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414 mahopAdhyAya samayasundara : vyaktitva evaM kRtitva 5.2.124 dumuha nAma rAjA gharai re guNamAlA pttraannii| - zrIjinasAgarasUri-gItAni (12) 5.2.125 dulaha kisaNa dulahaNI rAdhikA jii| ___ - draupadI-caupAI(2.8); siMhalasuta caupAI (8) 5.2.126 dUra dakSiNa kai desdd'i| - puNyasAra-rAsa (13) 5.2.127 dekhi dekhi jIva naTAvai aisau nATaka maMDANau rii| -viharamAna vIsI stavanAH (13) 5.2.128 dekho mAi AsA meraiM mana kI saphala phalI re, ANaMda aMgi na maay| -- sItArAma-caupAI(4.3) 5.2.129 dhana-dhana ayavantI sukumAla ni| - zatruJjaya-rAsa (5); sAdhu-vandanA-rAsa(9); kezIpradezI prabandha(1); zrI DhaMDhaNa RSi gItam zrI AdIzvara 98 putra pratibodha giitm| mRgAvatI-caritra-caupAI(1.6) 5.2.130 dhana-dhana te riSi gaaiyi| - sAdhu-vandanA-rAsa (1); thAvaccAsuta RSi caupAI (1.5) 5.2.131 dhana pdmaavtii| - sItArAma-caupAI (2.5) 5.2.132 dhana sArathavAha sAdhu ni| - zrI damayantI-satI gItam 5.2.133 dharama hIyai dhru| - dhanadatta-caupAI (8) 5.2.134 dharma bhalo chai bhaavnaa| - puNyasAra-rAsa (15) 5.2.135 nagara sudarasaNa ati bhlu| - draupadI-caupAI (1.6); campaka zreSThi caupAI (1.5); gautama pRcchA caupAI (3); sAdhu-vandanA-rAsa (7); thAvaccAsuta RSi caupAI (1.4); valkalacIrI-rAsa (8), manoratha gItam 5.2.136 dl-rii| - puNyasAra-rAsa (5); dAnazIlatapabhAva-saMvAda-zataka (3); zrI jinasiMhasUri gItAni (10); cAra pratyekabuddha rAsa (1.5)

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samayasundara kI racanAoM meM sAhityika tattva 5.2.137 nayaNa nihAlo re naahlaa| __- zrI jinasAgarasUri-gItAni (11) 5.2.138 nayana salUNI re gorI naagilaa| - cAra pratyekabuddha rAsa(3.2) 5.2.139 nayarI dvArAmatI kRSNa nres| - zatruJjaya-rAsa(1); siMhalasuta caupAI (1) 5.2.140 nala-nala bIMdalo re| - sItArAma-caupAI (1.5) 5.2.141 nala rAjA rai desI ho jI pUgala hu~tI plaanniyaa| - thAvaccAsuta RSi caupAI (2.4); zrI nami pratyekabuddha gItam 5.2.142 nAcai indra ANaMda suN| - campakazreSThi-caupAI (2.2) 5.2.143 naaykaa-nii| - sItArAma-caupAI (5.4); mRgAvatI-caritra-caupAI (1.2) 5.2.144 nAriMga puravara pAsa jI e| - zrI stambhana pArzvanAtha gItam 5.2.145 nAhaliyA ma jAe gorI rai vnnhtti| - sItArAma-caupAI (3.7) 5.2.146 nAhaliyA ma jAe gorI rAvaNa hri| - zrI jinarAjasUri-gItAni (3) 5.2.147 niibiyaanii| -- kSullaka RSi rAsa (4); naladavadantI-rAsa (1.5), gautamapRcchA caupAI (4); kezI-pradezI prabandha (2), thAvaccAsuta RSi caupAI (1.2); draupadI-caupAI (2.10) 5.2.148 nemi samIpai re saMjama aadryu| - DhaMDhaNa RSi gItam (2) 5.2.149 nokhaaraa-nii| - sItArAma-caupAI (8.3) 5.2.150 pariyAM ! hama tuma ekaNI gAMma ke paNi yuM kisuM vivahAra re| - mRgAvatI-caritra-caupAI(3.2) 5.2.151 parIyAM rI kanakamAlA ima ciMtavai e| - valkalacIrI-rAsa (6)

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416 mahopAdhyAya samayasundara : vyaktitva evaM kRtitva 5.2.152 pahilaM paraNAma vAraM jinraay| - mRgAvatI-caritra-caupAI (3.1) 5.2.153 pAila rii| - siMhalasuta-caupAI (2) 5.2.154 pAchI nai vau lAve rAvaNa jAnakI re| -naladavadantI-rAsa (6.2) 5.2.155 pAya paNamI re jiNavara nai supsaauli| - zrI jJAnapaMcamI vRhatstavanam (3) 5.2.156 pAsa jiNaMda juhaariyii| - gautamapRcchA caupAI (5); dAnazIlatapabhAva-saMvAda-zataka (2); sAdhu-vandanA-rAsa (18); draupadI-caupAI (3.6); sItArAma-caupAI (9.7); kezI-pradezI prabandha (4) 5.2.157 piyu cale paradesa, sabaiM guNa le cle| - naladavadantI-rAsa (3.3) 5.2.158 puraMdara rI visessaalii| - sItArAma-caupAI (1.2) 5.2.159 purohitiyA-nI - draupadI-caupAI (1.15) 5.2.160 pUjIjai he sakhi phabavadhi pAsa ki AsA pUrai surmnnii| - zrI amarasara maNDaNa zrI zItalanAtha vRhatstavanam 5.2.161 pUrau nai suhAgaNa rUDho sAthiyo jii| - cAra pratyekabuddha rAsa (4.4) 5.2.162 pUrava bhava tumheM saaNbhlu| - siMhalasuta-caupAI (9) 5.2.163 popaTa cAlyo re prnnvaa| - campakaveSThi-caupAI (1.1); gautamapRcchA-caupAI (2); thAvaccAsuta RSi-caupAI (1.9); zrI jinasAgarasUri gItAni (11) 5.2.164 pratibudhau re| - puNyasAra-rAsa (14) 5.2.165 prabhu praNamuM re pAsa jiNesara thNbhnno| ___ - zrI ghaMghANI pArzvanAtha stavana pauSadha vidhi gItam

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samayasundara kI racanAoM meM sAhityika tattva 5.2.166 prahasama sUdhA sAdhu namuM nita / 5.2.167 prANa piyArI jAnakI / 5.2.168 prANa piyAre kAM tajI rI / 5.2.170 phAga / -- 5.2.169 priyur3A mAnau bola hamArau re / cAra pratyekabuddha - rAsa (3.6), naladavadantI - rAsa (4.3) 5.2.175 biisaamaa-ro| 5. 2. 176 bujhi re tuM bujhi prANI / 5.2.177 bekara jor3I tAma / 5.2.178 be bAMdhava vAMdaNa calyA | - -sAdhu- vandanA - rAsa (16) - campaka zreSThi-caupAI (2.2) - mRgAvatIcaritra - caupAI (2.4) 5.2.171 phiTa jIvyuM thAruM rAmalA re, jasUr3I lUkhau lUkhau khAya / zrI jinasAgarasUri gItAni (12); zrI dumaha pratyekabuddha gItam 5.2.172 baMsI bAja ho bINA / - cAra pratyekabuddha rAsa (3.17) 5.2.173 badhAvarI / - sItArAma caupAI (7.6) 5.2.174 bAMdhava gaja thakI Utarau | - draupadI - caupAI (1.5) - pauSadha vidhi gItam (2) --- 417 - sItArAma - caupAI (3.3); naladavadantI - rAsa ( 2.4) 5.2.179 bolar3o dejyo sabaka putra / 5.2.180 bhaNai mandodarI daitya dasakaMdha suNI re / -- - campaka zreSThi- caupAI (2.4); sAdhu- vandanA - rAsa (5), zrI jJAna paMcamI vRhadstavanam (2); zrI saMyatI sAdhu gItam ; cAra pratyekabuddha - rAsa (3.15) - campaka zreSThi- caupAI (1.11) cAra pratyekabuddha rAsa ( 2.5 ) ; sItArAma - caupAI (6.1 ) -------- * 17 prakAra jIva alpa - bahutva garbhita stavanam -WA - kSullaka RSi - rAsa (2)

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418 mahopAdhyAya samayasundara : vyaktitva evaM kRtitva 5.2.181 bhmrlii-rii| - naladavadantI-rAsa (4.5) 5.2.182 bhmraa-nii| - draupadI-caupAI (2.5); zAMba-pradyumna-caupAI (19); mRgAvatI caritra-caupAI (1.11); zrI prasannacandra rAjarSi gItam 5.2.183 bharata thayo RSirAya re| -- sItArAma-caupAI (5.7) 5.2.184 bharata nRpa bhAva suNe| - dhanadatta-caupAI (9); vastupAla-tejapAla rAsa (1) 5.2.185 bharata yAtrA bhaNI e| - zrI jinasAgarasUri gItAni (9) 5.2.186 bhalu re kIdhuM sAmI nemkumaaraa| - zrI mahAvIra deva gItam 5.2.187 bhalu re thayuM mhAi pUja jI padhAryA / - zrI neminAtha gItamaH zrI mahAvIra deva gItama; zrI jinasAgarasUri gItAni (10) 5.2.188 bhavya taNe pripaak| - sAdhu-vandanA-rAsa (4) 5.2.189 bhaavn-rii| - naladavadantI-rAsa (2.4) 5.2.190 bhiilii-nii| - zrI gautamasvAmI gItam 5.2.191 maMi vaharAgai sNgrhyu| - siMhalasuta-caupAI (7) 5.2.192 maMgala kamalA nii| - sAdhu-vandanA-rAsa (17) 5.2.193 madana madaM vAsau mAhava mAMDiyau re| - siMhalasuta-caupAI (11) 5.2.194 mdhukr-nii| - dAnazIlatapabhAva-saMvAda-zataka(1); campakaveSThi-caupAI (1.6); mRgAvatIcaritra-caupAI (1.4); zrI udayana rAjarSi gItam

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5.2.195 manakau pyArau manakau pyaaru| - cAra pratyekabuddha-rAsa (2.1) 5.2.196 mana jANai ke sirjnnhaar| -viharamAna vIsI stavanAH (10) 5.2.197 manaDaM re umATo milavA putra ne re| - campakazreSThi-caupAI (2.7); dhanadatta-caupAI (6); draupadI-caupAI (1.12) 5.2.198 marurAya naravara teDau re saahibaa| - naladavadantI-rAsa (2.2) 5.2.199 mahAvIra jI desnnaa| - cAra maMgala gItam 5.2.200 mAMgI tuMgI re balabhadra jai rahyA re| - zrI draupadIsatI bhAsa 5.2.201 mAMjhI re bAbA vIra gosaaii| - sItArAma-caupAI (5.5) 5.2.202 maachiiydd'aa| - anAthI muni gItam 5.2.203 mAtA jI dhana te nara naarii| - cAra pratyekabuddha-rAsa (4.7) 5.2.204 mAraga meM AMbo milyo| - campakaveSThi-caupAI (1.4) 5.2.205 mujha nai cAra saraNA hojyo| __ - naladavadantI-rAsa (4.3); mRgAvatI-caritra-caupAI (2.11) 5.2.206 muni meghakumara pachatAvai pAi lAgI vIra khmaavi| - mRgAvatI-caritra-caupAI (2.9) 5.2.207 munisara bhalau koii| - cAra pratyekabuddha-rAsa (1.9) 5.2.208 meghamuni kAI ddmddole| - cAra pratyekabuddha-rAsa (4.5) 5.2.209 metArija munivara balihArI tore naam| -- sAdhu-vandanA-rAsa (8)

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420 mahopAdhyAya samayasundara : vyaktitva evaM kRtitva 5.2.210 merau guru jinncNdsuuri| - viharamAna-vIsI stavanAH (13) 5.2.211 merA sAhiba ho zrI zItalanAtha kii| - sItArAma-caupAI (3.5) 5.2.212 merI bahinI setuMja bhettuNgii| - zrI nemirAjula gItam 5.2.213 mere arhnaa| - thAvaccAsuta RSi-caupAI (1.8) 5.2.214 moDiA nii| -draupadI-caupAI (1.10) 5.2.215 mo manaDau he DAla ho mizrI ThAkura mahi dru| - thAvaccAsuta RSi-caupAI (2.1) 5.2.216 morA sAhiba ho zrI zItalanAtha ki vInati suNau eka mordd'ii| - zrI ilAputra gItam 5.2.217 moro mana mohyo haNa DUMgare, marudevI mAtA jI ima bhnne|| - cAra pratyekabuddha-rAsa (3.12) 5.2.218 mohanA - mRgAvatI caritra-caupAI (3.10) 5.2.219 yAdavarAyau raMga lAgau jii| - zAMba-pradyumna-caupAI (17) 5.2.220 yognaa-nii| - gaNadharavasahI Adi jina stavanam (4); cAra pratyekabuddha rAsa (3.13) 5.2.221 rAjA jo mile| - campakaveSThi-caupAI (1.3) 5.2.222 rAjA nI kumarI e caal| - puNyasAra-rAsa (3) 5.2.223 rAjimatI rANI iNa pari bolai, nemi viNA kuNa ghUghaTa kholi| - thAvaccAsuta RSi-caupAI (2.8); sItArAma-caupAI (3.2); kezIpradezI prabandha (3); zrI maMgalora maMDaNa navapallava __pArzvanAtha bhAsa; zrI aMjanA sundarI satI gItam 5.2.224 rAtar3I nai ramI nai kihAM thI aaviiyaa| - mRgAvatI-caritra-caupAI (2.5)

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421 samayasundara kI racanAoM meM sAhityika tattva 5.2.225 rAtI kaaNbldd'ii| - zrI purimatAla maMDaNa AdinAtha bhAsa 5.2.226 rAmacandra ke bAga campo mohI rahyo rii| - zAba-pradyumna-caupAI (2.2) 5.2.227 rAma desauTai jaay| - dhanadattazreSThi-caupAI 5.2.228 rAya gaMjaNa sabhA, svAma svayaMprabha saaNbhlu| - campakaveSThi-caupAI (1.10) 5.2.229 riSabha jinesara bheTiyA re laal| - zrI rANakapura Adi jina stavanam 5.2.230 riSabha prabhu puujiyi| - zatrujaya-rAsa (6) 5.2.231 rukamaNI rANI ati vilkhaannii| -- puNyasAra-rAsa (10) 5.2.232 rUr3I re rUr3I vAraNa ramatA padmanI re| - mRgAvatI-caritra-caupAI (2.7) 5.2.233 re jIva jinadharma kiijiyi| - cAra pratyekabuddha-rAsa. (3.11) 5.2.234 re raMga rattA karahalA, so prIu rattau aanni| - sItArAma-caupAI (7.3) 5.2.235 laMkA lIjaigI, suNi rAvaNa, laMkA liijigii| - sItArAma-caupAI (6.2) 5.2.236 lAkhA phuulaannii| - naladavadantI rAsa (1.7) 5.2.237 lAlhare-nI - zrI naggai caturtha pratyekabuddha gItam 5.2.238 varaMsA lau saaNbhru| - sItArAma-caupAI (2.4) 5.2.239 varaMsArI holI AvI prAhuNI re| - naladavadantI-rAsa (4.6) 5.2.240 vali karakaNDU aaviyu| - thAvaccAsuta RSi-caupAI (1.7)

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422 mahopAdhyAya samayasundara : vyaktitva evaM kRtitva 5.2.241 vAMgaliyA - mRgAvatI-caritra-caupAI (1.8) 5.2.242 vAjyau vAjyau mAdala kau ghokaar| - sItArAma-caupAI (4.5) 5.2.243 vADI phUlI ati bhalI mana bhamarA re| - naladavadantI-rAsa (5.3); cAra pratyekabuddha-rAsa (4.8) 5.2.244 vAluM re savAyo vayara hUM mAharo re| -puNyasAra-rAsa (4); draupadI-caupAI (2.2); siMhalasuta-caupAI (3) 5.2.245 vAhaNa silAmatI e| - zrI jinasAgarasUri gItAni (9); cAra pratyekabuddha-rAsa (4.1) 5.2.246 vIra vakhANI rANI celnnaa| - naladavadantI-rAsa (4.4); gaNadharavasahI Adi jina stavanam (8) 5.2.247 vIrA ho thArai seharai mohyA puruSa viyAra lADaNa vii.| - sItArAma-caupAI (9.6) 5.2.248 vIsArI munhe vAlahai tathA hriyaanii| - sItArAma-caupAI (4.2) 5.2.249 vegavatI tihAM baaNbhnnii| - campakaveSThi-caupAI (2.5) 5.2.250 vegi viharaNa Avyo ghre| - zrI prasannacandra rAjarSi gItam 5.2.251 vesara sonA kI ghari de ve catura sonAra ve| - sItArAma-caupAI (4.1) 5.2.252 zAMti jiNa bhAmiDalai jaauuN| - thAvaccAsuta RSi-caupAI (2.10); mRgAvatI-caritra-caupAI (3.12) 5.2.253 zAlibhadra Aja tumhAnai ApaNI maataa| - zrI jinasAgarasUri gItAni(4) 5.2.254 zIla kahe jagi hUM bdd'o| - cAra pratyekabuddha-rAsa (2.8); sItArAma-caupAI (9.7) 5.2.255 zrAvaNa mAsa sohAmaNau e cumaasiyaa| - sItArAma-caupAI (6.7) 5.2.256 zrI gautama zrI agnibhuuti| - sAdhu-vandanA-rAsa (14)

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423 samayasundara kI racanAoM meM sAhityika tattva 5.2.257 zrI jinacandrajI saa| - zAba-pradyumna-caupAI (6) 5.2.258 zrI navakAra mani dhyAiyai re| - kSullaka RSi-rAsa (1); naladavadantI-rAsa (2.5); turya visAmA gItam; sItArAma-caupAI (9.5) 5.2.259 zreNika rAya hU~ re anAthI nirgrnth| - cAra pratyekabuddha-rAsa (2.7) 5.2.260 sakala cItArAM mAMhi sundaru re| - draupadI-caupAI (1.9) 5.2.261 sakala sadA phala pAsa jinnNd| - naladavadantI-rAsa (5.4) 5.2.262 sakhi jAdava koDi suM parivare priyu Ave toraNa vAri re / --- kSullaka-RSi-rAsa (3); draupadI-caupAI (1.7) 5.2.263 saguNa sanehI re mere lAla, vinatI suNo mere kaMta rsaalu| -puNyasAra-rAsa (2); cAra pratyekabuddha-rAsa (3.3); mRgAvatI-caritra-caupAI(1.9) 5.2.264 saphala sNsaar-nii| - sAdhu vandanA-rAsa (13) 5.2.265 sarIkhI chai paNa AkajI laharakau chi| - sItArAma-caupAI (5.4) 5.2.266 saluNe hAvA terA re| - draupadI-caupAI (1.13) 5.2.267 sahajai chehar3au re darajaNi sa vAli re bhara jovana maatii| - siMhalasuta-caupAI (4) 5.2.268 sahara bhalo paNi sAMkar3o re, nagara bhalo paNi dvAri re| - sItArAma-caupAI (5.4) 5.2.269 sAMbhalI sanatakumAra hA~ raajesrjii| - naladavadantI-rAsa (6.9) 5.2.270 sAdhu jI na jAe paraghara eklo| - cAra pratyekabuddha-rAsa (3.8); zrI narmadAsundarI satI gItam 5.2.271 sAdhunai vahirAvyuM kaDavU tuMbar3o re| - zrI bhavadatta-nAgilA gItam

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424 mahopAdhyAya samayasundara : vyaktitva evaM kRtitva 5.2.272 sAmI nayara vinItA rAyA nAti kula vrtaayaa| - mRgAvatI-caritra-caupAI (3.8) 5.2.273 sAhelI AMbau muriighu| - sItArAma-caupAI (1.1); zrI jinasAgarasUri-savaiyA (14); ___ cAra pratyekabuddha saMlagna gItam 5.2.274 siharAM sihara madhurapurI re| gar3hAM vaDau giranAri re| - draupadI-caupAI (2.3); sItArAma-caupAI (7.5) 5.2.275 sIkhana sIkhana celnnaa| - zAba-pradyumna caupAI (12); narakagati-prApti gItam 5.2.276 sItAnai saMdesau rAma bhAkalyau re / - naladavadantI-rAsa (6.2) 5.2.277 sImaMdhara sAmI updisii| - draupadI-caupAI (1.1); naladavadantI-rAsa (4.3) 5.2.278 sImandhara jI suNo morI vinatI, vinatI e avadhAro jii| - mRgAvatI-caritra-caupAI (3.5) 5.2.279 sImandhara sAmI saaNbhlu| - naladavadantI-rAsa (6.4) 5.2.280 sIla suraMgI cUnar3I, paharii rAjula nAri re| - naladavadantI-rAsa (1.6) 5.2.281 suNau re bhavika upadhAna bUhAM viNa, kima sUjhai navakAra jii| - sItArAma-caupAI (5.2) 5.2.282 suNa merI sajanI rajanI na jAvai re| - thAvaccAsuta RSi-caupAI (2.5); sItArAma-caupAI (3.3); draupadI-caupAI (2.4); mRgAvatI -caritra-caupAI (3.6) 5.2.283 suNi bahinI piur3o prdeshii| - campaka zreSThi-caupAI (2.8) 5.2.284 sUMbarA tuM sulatANa, bIjA ho bIjA ho thArA suMbarA olagU ho| - sItArAma-caupAI (8.6) zrI jinasAgarasUri gItAni (5) 5.2.285 sejA vAlima kI jayauM car3hI pAyala vaaji| - mRgAvatI-caritra-caupAI (1.5) 5.2.286 sobhAgi siNh| - zAba-pradyuma-caupAI (16)

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425 samayasundara kI racanAoM meM sAhityika tattva 5.2.287 sobhAgi sundara tuma bina ghar3Iya na jaay| - sItArAma-caupAI (1.3) 5.2.288 sobhAgI sundara bhAva vaDau sNsaari| - pauSadha-vidhi gItam (3) 5.2.289 soraTha desa sohAmaNau sAhelar3I ai devA taNau nivaas| - sItArAma-caupAI (1.3) 5.2.290 sohlaa-nii| - puNyasAra-caupAI (7); draupadI-caupAI(1.8,34) 5.2.291 hariyA mana laago| - sItArAma-caupAI (4.4); draupadI-caupAI (1.11); - mRgAvatI-caritra-caupAI(1.10) 5.2.292 hAMjarA rii| - naladavadantI-rAsa (4.1) 5.2.293 hAthIyAMrai halakai Ave mahArai prAhaNau re| - naladavadantI-rAsa (5.2) 5.2.294 hiva karakaNDu AvIyau jii| - dhanadatta-caupAI (4); draupadI-caupAI (1.4); sAdhuvandanA-rAsa (2) 5.2.295 hiva rAnI pdmaavtii| - dhanadatta-caupAI (7) 5.2.296 hiva zrI caMda sakala vana jotuM / - sItArAma-caupAI (4.4) 5.2.297 hiiddolnaa-nii| - zrI jinacandrasUri hIDolaNA gItam 5.2.298 huM vArI lAla nii| - valkalacIrI-rAsa (2) 5.2.299 ho raMga lIyAM ho raMga lIyAM nnnd| - sItArAma-caupAI (7.2) 5.2.300 ho saMgrAma rAma nai rAvaNa mNddaayaa| - draupadI-caupAI (3.1) isa prakAra hama dekhate haiM ki mahAkavi samayasundara kA geya-sAhitya rAgoM aura deziyoM kA eka vRhata koza' hai| unake geya-sAhitya meM pUrNata: pravAhazIlatA hai| rAgoM meM saMgIta-zailI kI jahA~ gaMbhIratA evaM saMyatatA hai, vahIM dezI meM svara-vaicitrya evaM capalatA

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426 mahopAdhyAya samayasundara : vyaktitva evaM kRtitva hai| unake rAgoM kI tulanA yadi saritA ke dhIra, gambhIra aura prazAnta pravAha se kI jAye, to dezI kI tulanA pahAr3I pradezoM meM unmukta rUpa se pravAhita kala-kala karate hue choTe-choTe jharanoM se kI jA sakatI hai| isa taraha kavi ne apane geya-sAhitya kA nirmANa rAga aura dezI kI doharI prakriyA se kiyA hai| unake dvArA gRhIta evaM nirmApita deziyoM kI TerapaMktiyoM ko rahasyavAdI kavi Anandaghana, kavi RSabhadAsa, nayasundara prabhRti aneka paravartI kaviyoM ne vyavahata kiyA hai| mohanalAla dalIcanda desAI kA kathana hai, 'yaha kahA jAtA hai ki gUrjara-sAhitya meM kavi premAnanda ne gUrjara-bhUmi ke hI vRtta-saMtAnoM-gujarAtI rAgoM jaise mAru, rAmerI, rAmagrI Adi dezI rAgoM kA bahuta khulakara upayoga kiyA hai, parantu yahA~ maiM yaha kahU~gA ki kavi samayasundara ne unase pahale hI dezI rAgoM ko ati vistRta pramANa meM apanI sarva kRtiyoM meM vyavahRta kiyA hai| samayasundara to dezI evaM rAgoM ke mArmika jJAtA evaM prayoktA the aura unakA prayoga kara jo sundara kAvya race, ve yahA~ taka prasiddha ho gaye the ki na kevala unake pazcAt hone vAle, apitu nayasundara aura RSabhadAsa jaise unake samakAlIna samartha jaina kaviyoM ne bhI samayasundara ke kAvyoM kI deziyoM ko uddhRta kara una deziyoM meM apanI kavitAe~ racI haiN| 1 khaNDa kha 1. sUkta/subhASita 'sUktaM-zobhanoktiviziSTama-arthAt viziSTa rUpa meM suzobhana kathana hI sUkti hai, jinameM kisI sAmAnya satya kI sAragarbhita abhivyakti hotI hai| sUktiyoM kA mahattva sArvabhaumika rahA hai| sUktiyoM ke zravaNa yA paThana se mAtra mana hI prakAzita nahIM hotA, apitu mastiSka bhI prakAzita hotA hai| ata: inakA sambandha hRdaya aura buddhi- donoM se hai| 1. evu kahevAmAM Ave che ke gUrjara sAhitya mAM kavi premAnande gUrjarabhUminAM ja vRttasantAno -gujarAtI rAgo jevA ke mAru, rAmerI, rAmagrI Adi dezI rAgo no baha chUTa thI upayoga yo che, parantu atre mane kahevA dyo ke temanA pUrogAmI A samayasundare temanI pahelAM ja dezI rAgo ne ati vistRta pramANamAM potAnI sarva kRtiomAM vAparyA che, samayasundara to dezI rAgo-DhAlo-dezIonA mArmika jANakAra ane vAparanAra hatA, ane o vAparI je sundara kAvyo racanA te eTale daraje sudhI prasiddha thaI gayA hatAM ke temanA pachInA ja nahIM paNa nayasundara ane RSabhadAsa jevA temanA samakAlIna samartha jaina kavioe paNa samayasundaranAM kAvyonI dezIo TAMkI te-te dezI DhAlomAM potAnI kavitAo racI che| - AnaMdakAvya-mahodadhi, mauktika 7 muM, kavivara samayasundara, pRSTha 55-56 2. zabdakalpadrumaH, bhAga-5, pRSTha 189

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samayasundara kI racanAoM meM sAhityika tattva 427 sUktiyA~ kAvya kA mahattvapUrNa aMga haiN| kabhI-kabhI to artha - gaurava - pUrita eka sUkti sampUrNa kAvya ko mUlyavAn banA detI hai aura kabhI-kabhI vaha svayaM saikar3oM granthoM kI apekSAkRta adhika mUlyavAn ho jAtI hai| sUktiyoM kI mahattA ke sambandha meM DaoN. hajArIprasAda dvivedI likhate haiM ki sUktiyoM meM nIti ke vacana thor3e zabdoM meM gAgara meM sAgara kI bhAMti bar3I sundaratA se vyakta hote haiN| inameM upadeza dene kI chaTA nirAlI hotI hai| ye bhAvoM ko sajA-saMvAra kara sajIva banAne evaM vaktavya-kalA ko camakAne meM bar3I sahAyaka hotI haiM / hamAre vivecya kavi samayasundara bhI sUktiyoM evaM subhASitoM ke mahattva se suparicita the tathA apanI racanAoM meM yadA-kadA sUkta vacanoM kA prayoga kiyA karate the / 'kAlikAcAryakathA' Adi granthoM meM unhoMne katipaya prasiddha sUktiyoM ko sthAna diyA hai| aisI sUktiyA~ kavi ne apanI bAta ko puSTa karate hue prayukta kI haiN| isake atirikta unhoMne svayaM 'gAthAsahasrI' nAmaka grantha meM lagabhaga 1000 prasiddha subhASita vacanoM kA saMkalana kiyA hai / isa grantha meM ve sUktiyoM ke mahattva ke sambandha meM likhate haiM ---- vyAkhyAkAle vicAle pravaramasaraM prAcya vAcyaM prasaktaM / sabhyebhyAnAM purastAccaturacamatkArakAraM ca bhAvi // 2 arthAt pravacana karate samaya samayAnusAra subhASita padya bolane se sajjanoM ke citta ko Apa (pravaktA) avazya camatkRta karane vAle hoMge / kavi kI mAnyatA hai ki jaise bhUkha kI pIr3A se Akula vyakti bhojanakhIra kA aura tRSA se Atura cAtaka jala kA kathamapi parityAga nahIM karatA, vaise hI rasika vidvajjana subhASita-sUktiyoM kA parityAga nahIM karatA hai / bhalA, rasaprada vastu kA kabhI tyAga kiyA jA sakatA hai bhUkho bhojana khIra, viNa jimyAM, chor3ai nahIM, ima jANai sahI re| tarasyo cAtaka nIra, supaNDita subhASita rasiyo kima tajai re // 3 kavi ne na kevala sUktiyoM kA prayoga kiyA hai, apitu svayaM ne bhI sthAna-sthAna para sUkta/subhASita vacana kahe haiM / ye sUktiyA~ adhikAMzata: upadezamUlaka haiN| inake prayoga se kavi kI kAvya-kRtiyA~ sauSThava evaM gAmbhIrya guNa se yukta huI haiN| sAtha hI sAtha inase unakI zailI bhI AkarSaka banI hai| ina sUktiyoM dvArA samayasundara ke nIti, dharma aura darzana Adi se sambaddha bahuAyAmI jJAna kA bodha hotA hai / agale pRSThoM para draSTavya haiM, kavi samayasundara kI AcAra-vicAra viSayaka katipaya mArmika sUktiyA~ - 1. uddhRta - vRhat sUkti koza, pRSTha 1 2. gAthA sahasrI, prazasti ( 3 ) 3. sItArAma - caupAI (8.1.1-2)

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428 mahopAdhyAya samayasundara : vyaktitva evaM kRtitva 1.1 aTavI vasatI thI aTavI bhalI, jihA~ duravacana na hoi| icchAI rahiyaiM ApaNI, phala phUla bhojana soi // 1 1.2 ati tenAdhamenAtitAnitaM tarhi trutttyev| 1.3 apramAda (ka) nIdraDI nivAro raho jAgatA, vAlibha ma kari vizvAsa re| sAMpa sirahANe sUto tAharai re, cora phirai cihu~ pAsa re|| catura suNau cita lAi kai, kahA kahai ghriyaaraa| jIvita mAMhi jAyai gharI, na koi raakhnnhaaraa|| pahura pahura kai AMtarai, rAti divasa mjhaaraa| bAjA re bAjama jama taNA, saba rahu husiyaaraa|| 1.4 azaraNa-bhAvanA kuNa jANai pahilau pacchai, mArisai putra kai mAU e| bAla marai bUr3hA marai, e jaga UlaTyau jAU e||5 1.5 Atma-nirIkSaNa dUra balaMtI kAM dekho tume re, paga mAM balatI dekho sahu koi re| para nA mala mAMhi dhoyAM lUMgar3A, kaho kema kima ujalA hoi re|| 1.6 Atma-prakAza antara vicAra karau, samayasundara khi| antara prakAza vinA, zivasukha kuNa lhi|| 1.7 Atma-prazaMsA Apa prazaMsA ApaNI, karatA inda nriNd| laghutA pAmai loka mai, nAsai nija gunnvRnd|| 1. sItArAma-caupAI (3.7.8) 2. kAlikAcArya-kathA, pRSTha 203 3. samayasundara kRti kusumAMjali, antaraGgabAhyanidrAnivAraNa gItam (1) 4. samayasundara kRti kusumAMjali, ghar3iyAlI gItam (1-2) 5. thAvaccAsuta RSi caupAI (1.5.11) 6. samayasundara kRti kusumAMjali, nindAvAraka gItam (2) 7. vahI, pramAda-tyAga gItam (5) 8. vahI, dAnazIlatapabhAva-saMvAda (DhAla 5 se pUrva dUhA 4)

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429 samayasundara kI racanAoM meM sAhityika tattva 1.8 Atma-svarUpa jIva nai karama mAhI mAhI saMbaMdha, anAdikAla nau kahiyai re| e pahilau e pachai na kahiyai, dhAtu upalabheda lahiyai re| tapa japa agani karI nai ehanau, duSTa karama mala dahiyai re| samayasundara kahai ehija AtmA, siddha rUpa saradahiyai re||1 1.9 Izvara kRpAlu yA pApI? kabahu milai mujha jau karatArA, tau pUrvI doi batiyA~ re| tUM kRpAla ki tUM hai pApI, lakhi na sakU torI gatiyA~ re||2 1.10 utthAna aura patana kisI ke saba dina sarikhe na hoii| praha Ugata astaMgata dinakara, dina maI avasthA doI // 3 1.11 ekatva-bhAvanA (ka) eka Avai calai ekaNA, ku cha sAtha na aavi| bhalI burI karaNI karI re, pIche sukha dukha paavi| (kha) ho ekalo Ave jIvar3o re, ho parabhava jAu paNa ek| ho kuTuMba sahu ko kArimo re, ho vAru dharma vivek|| ho parabhava jAe ekalo re, ho sAthe karma skhaay| ho puNye zubhagati pAmIe re, ho pApe durgati jaay| 1.12 karma (ka) ke kahai Izvara ke kahai vidhAtA, sukha-dukha sarajanahArA re| samayasundara kahai maI bheda pAyau, karama ju hai karatArA re|| (kha) karama thI ko dhUTai nahIM prANI, karma sabala dukha khANA jii| karma taNai vasa jIva paDyA sahu, karma karai te pramANa jii|| tIrthaMkara cakravarti atula bala, vAsudeva baladeva jii| te paNi karma viTaMbyA kahiye, karma sabala nitameva jii|| 1. samayasundara kRti kusumAMjali, jIvakarma-saMbaMdha gItam (1-2) 2. vahI, karatAra gItam (1) 3. samayasundara kRti kusumAMjali, mAna-nivAraNa gItam (1) 4. vahI, vairAgya zikSA gItam (2) 5. cAra pratyeka-buddha caupAI (3.14.14-15) 6. samayasundara kRti kusumAMjali, karatAra gItam (5) 7. vahI, karma-chattIsI (1-2)

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430 1.13 kaSAya 1.14 kAma - bhoga (ka) (kha) (ga) (gha) 1.15 kukarma 1.16 kuziSya viSa halAhala kahiyai viruyau, te mArai ika vAra jI / paNa kaSAya anaMtI velA, Apai maraNa apAra jI // 1 1.17 kevalajJAna mahopAdhyAya samayasundara : vyaktitva evaM kRtitva tana-dhana yauvana kAramuM re, kSaNa mA kheru thAya / kAma-bhoga phala pADuyA re, durgati nA dukha dAya // 2 kAma - bhoga saMyoga sagalA, jANa phala kiMpAka re / dIsatAM ramaNIka dIsai, ati kaTuka vipAka re // 3 mokSa bhaNI jAtAM thakAM jI, viSaya karai aMtarAya / saMyama pravahaNa bhaMjivA jI, viSaya kahyA mahAvAya re // viSaya sevai kuNa ehavA jI, kAmanI kuNa vesAsa 1 khiNa rAcai viracai khiNai, khiNa nAkhai nIsAsa re / rAga-dveSa rUr3A nahIM re, kaDuA vali karama vipAko re / viSaya - sukha viSa sarikhA valI, viruA jehaA Ako re || kukarma kartuM na yuktam / gItArtha nAma dhRtvA ca, bRhatkSetre yazorjitama | yadi te na gurorbhaktAH ziSyaiH kiM tairnirarthakaiH // caMda sUraja graha nakSatra tArA, tesUM teja AkAsa re / kevalajJAna samo nahIM koI, lokAloka prakAsa re // 1. vahI, kSamA chattIsI (31) 2 . vahI, zrI jambUsvAmI gItam (7) 3. vahI, Atmapramoda gItam (4) 4. thAvaccAsuta RSi - caupAI (1.7.78) 5. campaka zreSThI - caupAI (2.8.9 ) 6. kAlikAcArya kathA, pRSTha 202 7. samayasundara kRti kusumAMjali, guruduHkhita vacanam (8) 8. vahI, jJAna paMcamI laghu stavanam (4)

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431 samayasundara kI racanAoM meM sAhityika tattva 1.18 kSaNabhaMguratA (ka) rAti divasa je jAyaI chaI, pAchA nAvai teho jii| khiNa khiNa trUTaiM AukhuM, khINa paDai vali deho jii|| - (kha) khiNa khiNa indriya bala ghaTai, khiNa khiNa TUTai aay| vRddha paNai paravaza paDyA, kahi kima dharma kraay||2 1.19 kSamA Adara jIva kSamA guNa Adara, ma kari rAga nai dveSa jii| samatAye ziva sukha pAmIje, krodha kugati vizeSa jI // 3 1.20 krodha krodha karatA tapa japa kIdhA, na par3ai kAMi ThAma jii| Apa tapai para naI saMtApai, krodha suM keho kAma jii||4 1.21 guru (ka) balihArI guru vayaNaDe, balihArI guru mukha caMda re| balihArI guru nayaNar3e, pekhahatAM paramANaMda re // 5 (kha) guru dIvau guru caMdramA re, guru dekhAr3ai vATa / guru upagArI guru bar3A re , guru utArai ghATa // 6 1.22 cauryakarma paradhana cor2yA luTiyA, pAiyau dhrasakau pett| bhUkhyo bhami saMsAra mAM, nirdhana thakau neTa // " 1.23 jinadharma zrI jinadharma surataru samo, jehanI zItala chAMhi / samayasundara kahai sevatA, mukti taNAM phala paahi|| 1. vahI, zrI AdIzvara 98 putra pratibodha gItam (6) 2. vahI, jIva pratibodha gItam (2) 3. vahI, kSamA chattIsI (1) 4. vahI, kSamA chattIsI (32) 5. samayasundara kRti kusumAMjali, badhAvA gItam (4) 6. vahI, zrI jinasiMha pUri gItam (5) 7. vahI, AloyaNA chattIsI (6) 8. vahI, dharmamahimA chattIsI (6)

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432 mahopAdhyAya samayasundara : vyaktitva evaM kRtitva 1.24 jJAna (ka) jJAnena binA mAnava: pshurev| (kha) jJAna bar3au saMsAra, jJAna mugati daataar| jJAna dIvau kasyau e, sAcau saradahyau e|| jJAna locana suvilAsa, lokAloka prkaas| jJAna binA pasU e, nara jANai kisUM e||2 1.25 jJAna-karma-yoga (ka) kriyAvaMta dIsai phUTarau, kriyA upAya karama chuuttru| pAMgalau jJAna kissau kAmarau, jJAna sahita kriyA Adarau // 3 (kha) kiriyA sahita jau jJAna, huyai tau ati prdhaan| sonau nai suhRta e, sAMkha dUdhai bhar yau e|| 1.26 jJAnI (ka) vidyAvanto hi puujynte| (kha) vidyAvatAM paradezo'pi svdeshH|6 (ga) jJAnI sAsosAsa, karama karai je naas| nAraki nai sahI e, kor3i varasa kahI e|| jJAna kI bAta lahe gA jJAnI, samayasundara kahai aatmdhyaanii| 1.27 tapa bhalA dAna zIla bhAvanA, piNa tapa sarikho nahIM koy| duHkha dIjai nija deha ne, vAte bar3A na hoy|| 1. kAlikAcArya kathA, pRSTha 199 2. vahI, jJAnapaMcamI vRhatstavanam (3-4) 3. vahI, kriyA preraNA gItam (6-7) 4. vahI, zrIjJAna paMcamI bRhatstavanam (8) 5. kAlikAcArya kathA, pRSTha 203 6. vahI, pRSTha 204 7. samayasundara kRti kusumAMjali, jJAna paJcamI bRhatstavanam (6) 8. vahI, adhyAtma-sajjhAya (8) 9. vahI, puMjAratna-RSi rAsa (4)

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samayasundara kI racanAoM meM sAhityika tattva 1.28 dAna 1. 29 durvacana 1.30 doharApana 1.32 dharma avasara dekhI dIjiye re, kIjai para upakAra / lakhamI no lAho lIjIye re, samayasundara kahai sAra // 1 1.31 dravyopAya vinaya viveka ne jANe marama, zrAvaka hoi nai na kare dharama // kriyA na karai kahAvai sAdha, nAma ratana dAma na lahai Adha // manuSya janma navi hAro Ala, tame pANI pahalI bAMdho pAla // 3 ko'pi dravyopAyaH kAryaH yathA sambalaM bhavati / 4 zarIrAdi sarvamanityaM jJAtvA vivekinA / dIrghadarzinA manuSyeNa dharmasyaiva saMgraha : karttavya // " dharmasyApi paMDitena suvarNasyeva parIkSA kAryA / dharama thakI dhana saMpajai re, dharama thakI sukha hoya / dharama thakI Arati Talai re, dharama samau nahIM koya // 7 (ka) (kha) (ga) 1.33 dharma- marma jhUTha bolyA ghaNA jIbhar3I, dIdhA kUr3a kalaGka / gala jIbhI thAsyai galai, husyai mu~haDo tribaMka // 2 jIvanaI mAraI je nahIM, jUTha na bolai jeha / aNadIdhau je lyai nahIM, na dharai nArI deha // Arambha karmma kara nahIM, na karaI pApa karamma / vali je indrI vasa karaI, dharamanau eha maramma // 1. campaka zreSThI - caupAI (1.13.25 ) 2. samayasundara kRti kusumAMjali, AloyaNa chattIsI (13) 3. vahI, vrata paJcakkhANa gItam (7,9-10 ) 4. kAlikAcArya - kathA, pRSTha 206 kAlikAcArya - kathA, pRSTha 200 5. 6. vahI, pRSTha 200 7. dAnazIlatapabhAva - saMvAda - zataka ( 5.3) 8. sItArAma - caupAI ( 3, dUhA 4.3-4) 43.3

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434 mahopAdhyAya samayasundara : vyaktitva evaM kRtitva 1.34 dharma-dravya bhakSaka kI gati deva dravya guru dravya vali, sAdhAraNa dravya khaay| dIna hIna nirdhana thakau, dukhiyau te nara thAya // 1 1.35 niMdaka niMdaka niccaya naragai jAI, niMdaka cauthau caNDAla khaaii| niMdaka rasanA apavitra hoI, niMdaka mAMsa bhakSaka sama hoii|| samayasundara kahai nindA ma karijyo, paraguNa dekhi harakha mani dhrjyo||2 1.36 nindA nindA na karajo koI nI pArakI re, nindA nA bolyA mahApApa re| vera virodha bAdhaI ghaNA re, nindA karatAM na giNai mAya-bApa re|3 1.37 parastrI jehavI AginI jhAla, visakaMdalI vikraal| vAghaNi bhujaMgI hoi, paramAri kahai sahu koi // 1.38 parastrIgamana (ka) pararamaNI pharasatA, nija kula mailau thaay|' (kha) parastrI nai bhogavI, tuccha svAda tu lesi| piNa narake tAtI pUtalI, AliMgana desi||6 1.39 pApa-phala jIva taNI hiMsA karai, bolai miraSAvAda / prANa samA paradhana harai, sevai paMca pramAda / / naraka jAyai te jIvar3au, pAmai dukha anNt| chedana bhedana te sahai, bhAkhai zrI bhagavaMta // 1.40 pApI pApAtmA na prtibuddhyte| 1. narakagati-prApti gItam (5) 2. nindA parihAra gItam (2-4) 3. nindAvAraka gItam (1) 4. sItArAma-caupAI (5.6.45) 5. sItArAma-caupAI (6.1.18) 6. samayasundara kRti kusumAMjali, AloyaNA chattIsI (15) 7. vahI, naraka-gati-prApti gItam (1-1) 8. kAlikAcArya-kathA, pRSTha 206

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435 samayasundara kI racanAoM meM sAhityika tattva 1.41 puNya puNya taNA phala paratikha dekho, karo puNya sahU koya jii| puNya karatAM pApa pulAve, jIva sukhI jaga hoya jii|| 1.42 puNya-kRtya abhayadAna supAtra anopama, vali anukampA dAna jii| sAdhu zrAvaka dharma tIratha yAtrA, zIla dharma tapa dhyAna jii|| sAmAyika poSaha paDikamaNo, deva pUjA guru seva jii| puNya taNA e bheda parUpyA, arihaMta vItarAga deva jii||2 1.43 prIti (ka) je jehanai mana mAMhi vasyA re, te tau dUri thakAM paNi pAsa re| kihAM kumudinI kihAM candramA re, paNi dUri thI karai parakAsa re|| (kha) para dukkha jANai nahIM pApiyA re, dusamaNa ghAlai vicai ghAta re| jIva lAgau jehanau jehasyuM re, kima sarai kIdhAM viNa vAta re|| (ga) prItar3iyA na kIjai ho nAri paradeziyAM re, khiNa-khiNa dAjhai deh| vIchar3iyA vAlhesara malavo dohilau re, sAlai adhika saneha // 1.44 buddhi buddhimato manuSyasya buddhaH tadeva phlN| yat puNyapApAdau tattvavicAraNA kriyate // 1.45 bhavitavyatA (ka) udyama bhAgya vinA na phli| bahuta-upAya kiye kyA hoI, bhavitavyatA na ttli|| pUraba ravi disa Ugata, avicala meru cli| tau paNa likhita miTai nahIM kabahI udyama kyA ekli|| 1. samayasundara kRti kusumAMjali, puNya chattIsI (1) 2. samayasundara kRti kusumAMjali, puNya chattIsI (2-5) 3. vahI, zrI rAmasItA gItam (3) 4. vahI, zrI sthUlibhadra gItam (3) 5. vahI, sthUlibhadra gItam (1) 6. kAlikAcArya kathA pRSTha 200 7. samayasundara kRti sukumAMjali, udyama-bhAgya gItam (1-2)

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mahopAdhyAya samayasundara : vyaktitva evaM kRtitva (kha)je sirajyo te thAisyai, baisa rahai bala chodd'i| adhama tike nara AlasU, kharI lagAr3e khor3i // (ga) kuNa na karaI ridhi gAravau, nAri suM kuNa na mujjh| vidhinAM kuNa na khaNDIyo, kuNa cUko nahi bujjh||2 (gha) sahU ko loka kahai chai sarajyu, te bola ketA vAcuM re|| udyama chai paNi bhAvI adhikuM, samayasundara kahai sAcuM re|| 1.46 bhAgya aura puruSArtha vakhata mAMhi likhyau te lahisyai, nizcaya bAta huyai hunnhaar| eka kahai kAchar3a bAMdhInaiM, udyama kIjai aneka prkaar|| vrIkhaNa karamA vAda karatAM, ima jhagar3au bhAgau pahuto drbaar| samayasundara kahai beU mAnaU~, nizcaya mAraga naI vyavahAra // 1.47 bhAvanA (ka) bhAvanA mana bAra bhAvau, tUTai karama nI kor3i re| tapa saMyama tau chai bhalA, paNa nahIM bhAvanA nI jor3i re|| (kha) tau paNi adhikau bhAva chai, ekAkI smrty| dAna sIla tapa triNa bhalA, paNi bhAva vinA akayattha // aMjana A~kheM AMjatAM, adhikI ANi e rekh| raja mAMhe taja kADhatAM, adhika bhAva vizeSa // 6 1.48 manaHzuddhi kolo karAvau muMDa muMDAvau, jaTA dharau ko nagana rhu| ko tappa tapau paMcAgani sAdhau, kAsI karavaTa kaSTa shu|| ko bhikSA mAMgau bhasma lagAvau, mauna rahau bhAvai kRSNa khu| samayasundara kahai manasuddhi pAkhai, mugati sukha kimahI na lhu|| 1. campakaveSThi-caupAI (1.6, dUhA 3) 2. sItArAma-caupAI (6.1.19) 3. campakaveSThi-caupAI (1.13-25) 4. samayasundara kRti kusumAMjali, prastAva savaiyA chattIsI (29) 5. vahI, bAraha bhAvanA gItam (1) 6. vahI, dAnazIlatapabhAva saMvAda-zataka (DhAla 5 se pUrva, dUhA 6-7) 7. vahI, prastAva savaiyA chattIsI (16)

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samayasundara kI racanAoM meM sAhityika tattva 1.49 mahApApa bAlaka, vRddha nai rogiyau sAdha bAMbhaNa, nai gAi / abalA eha na mArivAM, mAryAM mahApApa thAi // 1 1.50 mAnavajanma kI durlabhatA 1.51 mAyA 1.52 mukti-phala 1.53 mriyamANa 1.54 mRtyu (ka) mAyA kAraNa deza desAMtara, aTavI vana mAM jAvai re / pravahaNa baisI dhIra dvipAMtara, sAyara mAM jhapAvai re // mAyA melI karI bahu bhelI, lobhe lakSaNa jAya re / bhIteM dhana dharatI meM ghAle, Upara viSahara thAya re 11 jogI jaMgama tapasI sanyAsI, gagana thai paravarIyA re / UMdhe mastaka agana dhakhaMtI, mAyA thI na osarIyA re // 3 (kha) janama thI mAyA melave re, sIkhai ghara no sUtra / DhalaDIe ramatI kahe re, e mujha pati e putra // " mAnuSI bhava lahI durlabha, pApe piMDa ma bhAra re / Ala kAga uDAvaNai kuM, mUr3ha ratna ma hAra re // 2 pAnar3A pratyakSa prabhutA, phUTarA sukha phula ra / re mukti nA phala ghaNA mIThA, Apai e amUla re // yAtA mriyamANazca na kenApi roddhuM zakyate / maraNa sahu nai sArakhau re, kuNa rAjA kuNa rAMka / paNi jAyai jIva nisaMbalaure, ehija moTa bAMka // 1. sItArAma - caupAI (3.7.13) 2. samayasundara kRti kusumAMjali, Atmapramoda gItam (2) 3. vahI, mAyAnivAraNa sajjhAya (2-4) 4. cAra pratyekabuddha - caupAI (2.3.3) 5. samayasundara kRti kusumAMjali, nava vAr3a zIla gItam (12) 6. kAlikAcArya - kathA, pRSTha 201 7. samayasundara kRti kusumAMjali, jIva- pratibodha gItam (5) 437

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438 mahopAdhyAya samayasundara : vyaktitva evaM kRtitva .. 1.55 mRtyu bhaya maraNAdapyAdhikaM bhayaM kimapi nAsti / 1.56 yatidharma yatidharma eva sarva dhrmottmH|2 1.57 rAjalakSmI iyaM rAjalakSmI: caMcalA dRzyate, yadi na tyjyte| tadA ArambhapApapaGkamagnatvena durgatau gamyate // 3 1.58 lobha rAmA rAmA dhanaM dhanaM, bhamatau rahai tUM rAti dinaM / puNya binA kahi kyuM dhana pAiyai, pUchi na mAnai tau paMca janaM // ghara dhaMdhai saba dharama gamAyau, vIsari gayau deva guru bhajanaM / poTi upAr3i gaye kuNa parabhavi, ma kari ma kari jIva lobha ghanaM // 1.59 vinaya samRddhaH pumAn vinayaM karvana mR-(mi)STo lgti|' 1.60 vinAzakAla vinAzakAle viparIta buddhi / 1.61 vIra-puruSa subhaTa tike ja sarAhiyai, je raNa pahilo bheli| senA bhAMjai zatru nI, aNie aNie meli|| ari kari daMta upari car3hI, haNai upari sirdaar| dhar3a viNa ghA mArai dhasI, te sAcA jhuujhaar|| 1.62 vairAgya (ka) kSaNa kSaNa karama no kSaya karI, saMvega zuddha dharaMto jii| bhavasAyara bIhAmaNau, te nara turata taraMto jI // 1. kAlikAcArya-kathA, pRSTha 204 2. kAlikAcArya-kathA, pRSTha 200 3. vahI, pRSTha 200 4. samayasundara kRti kusumAMjali, lobha nivAraNa gItam (1-2) 5. kAlikAcArya-kathA, pRSTha 200 6. cAra pratyekabuddha caupAI (2.4.4) 7. sItArAma-caupAI (6. dUhA 31.24-25) 8. samayasundara kRti kusumAMjali, zrI AdIzvara 98 putra pratibodha gItam (22)

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samayasundara kI racanAoM meM sAhityika tattva 1.63 zIla 1.64 saMgati (kha) kharaca koI lAgasyai nahIM, deha meM nahiM dukha / paNa mana vairAge vAlaje, sahI pAmisa sukha // 1 kalpavRkSa e zIla kahiyai, ropyau zrI jinarAja re / vAr3a rakSA bhaNI bhAkhI, sevajyo sukhakAja re // 2 1.69 sAdhu saMgata tesuM kIjiye, jala sarikhA huve jeha | AvaTaNuM ApaNi sahai, dUdha na dAjhaNa deha // 2 1.65 saMgha saMgha giruyau re, zrI saMgha guNe kari giruyau re / mAta-pitA sarikhau hita vallabha, kimahI karaI nahIM viruyau re / samayasundara kahai zrI saMgha sohai, vAr3I mAhe jima maruyau re // * 1.66 saMyama-mArga saMyamamArgo'ti duHkhakaro'sti / 1.67 satI kesara kesa maNi sApanI re, kRpaNa taNau dhana jema / jIvatAM hAtha paDai nahIM re, satIya payohara tema // 6 1.68 sAMsArika sukha ati tuccha sukha saMsAra no, madhu lipta khar3aga nI dhAra / kiMpAka nA phala sArikhA, dya dukha aneka prakAra // dhyAna dharatA sAdhunau, cokhau thAyai citta / jIbha thAyai guNa jor3atAM, suNitAM kAMna pavitta // ' 1. vahI, AloyaNA - chattIsI (35) 2. vahI, navavAr3azIla gItam (11) 3. samayasundara kRti kusumAMjali, nemijinastavanam (2) 4. vahI, zrI saMghaguNa gItam (1,3) 5. kAlikAcArya - kathA, pRSTha 201 6. naladavadantI - rAsa ( 2.3.5) 7. samayasundara kRti kusumAMjali, jIva- pratibodha gItam (6) 8. sAdhu- vandanA - rAsa (8) 439

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440 mahopAdhyAya samayasundara : vyaktitva evaM kRtitva 1.70 sUktikaNa (ka) mAMsa bhojana te ahita kahIjai, tAva mAMhe ghI pAna re| tapa saMyama Atama hita kahIyaiM, mAMdAnai muMga dhAna re|| (kha) bhUkho bhojana khIra, biNa jImyAM choDai nahIM, hama jANai sahI re| tirasyo na choDai nIra, supaNDita subhASita rasiyo kima tajai re|| daridra lAdho nidhAna, kima choDai, jANai hama vali nahiM saMpajai re||2 1.71 svAda-mukta jIbha nai svAda mAr2yA jike, te mArasyai tujjh| bhava mAhe bhamatA thakAM,thAsyai jihAM tihAM jujjh||3 1.72 svArtha (ka) kuTumba sahu ko kArimuM, putra kalatra parivAro jii| svAratha viNa vihaDai sahu, kuNa kehanau AdhAro jii||4 (kha) svAratha kI saba hai re sagAI, kuNa mAtA kuNa bahina rI bhaaii| svAratha bhojana bhagati sajAI, svAratha biNa koU pANI na paaii| svAratha mAM bApa seTha bar3AI, svAratha biNa nita hota ldd'aaii| svAratha nArI dAsI kahAI, svAratha biNa lAThI te dhaaii| svAratha celA guru gurahAI, svAratha saba lapaTANA bhaaii| 1.73 zuddhi sAThI cokhA sUpaDai, chaDatAM UjalA thAyai re| rUpaiyA kharA Agimai, ghAlyAM kasamala jAyai re||6 1.74 mithyAbhASI kAmI, liMgI, vANiyo, kapaTI anai kunaari| sAMca na bolai pA~ca e, chaTThau valI juuaari|| gata pRSThoM meM hamane kavivara samayasundara kI pramukha sUktiyoM, subhASita vacanoM ko prastuta kiyA hai| unakI koI bhI racanA aisI nahIM hai, jisameM sUkta-subhASitayoM kI 1. sItArAma-caupAI (3.1.13) 2. vahI (8.1.1-3) 3. samayasundara kRti kusumAMjali, AloyaNA-chattIsI (12) 4. vahI, zrI AdIzvara 98 putra pratibodha gItam (10) 5. vahI, svArtha gItam (1-5) 6. sItArAma-caupAI (1.2.18) 7. vahI (5. dUhA 9.7)

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samayasundara kI racanAoM meM sAhityika tattva 441 anupasthiti ho| vAstava meM kavi mahAn upadezaka the| ataH unakI racanAoM meM suukt| subhASitoM kA bAhulya honA svAbhAvika hai| 2. kahAvateM tathA muhAvare __kahAvateM tathA muhAvare kAvya ke hI aMga haiN| kahAvata usa bandhI huI lokapracalita ukti ko kahate haiM, jisameM kisI tathya yA anubhUta satya kA camatkArapUrNa DhaMga se pratipAdana yA prasthApana kiyA gayA ho; aura muhAvarA usa vAkya yA vAkyAMza ko kahate haiM, jo abhidhArtha se bhinna kisI aura artha meM rUr3ha ho gayA ho| kAvya meM inake prayoga se usakI bhASA meM praur3hatA AtI hai tathA usakI abhivyaMjanA zakti bar3ha jAtI hai| zabdoM kA camatkAra evaM artha-gAmbhIrya prakaTa karane meM bhI inakA prayoga vizeSa sahAyaka hotA hai| vastutaH kahAvateM yugoM kA sadjJAna hai (rjama kahAvata) aura muhAvare kisI bhI sajIva bhASA ke prANa hote haiM (bhAratIya khaavt)| vAstava meM kahAvateM tathA muhAvare lakSaNA evaM vyaMjanA dvArA bhASA ke artha-gaurava ke vistAraka hote haiN| kavi samayasundara ke sAhitya ke avalokana se spaSTa ho jAtA hai ki usameM aneka kahAvateM tathA muhAvare prayukta hue haiN| sacamuca, ina donoM ke prayoga se unakI racanAoM ke artha-gaurava kA vistAra huA hai, preSaNIyatA tathA prabhAvotpAdakatA bar3hI hai| yahA~ hama samayasundara dvArA prayukta kahAvatoM evaM muhAvaroM para kramazaH vicAra kara rahe haiN| 2.1 kahAvateM samayasundara ne jina kahAvatoM ko prayukta kiyA hai, unameM se katipaya kahAvateM udAharaNArtha nIce dI jA rahI haiM - 2.1.1 ApaNI karaNI pAra utaraNI' 2.1.2 Apa DUbe sArI DUba gaI duniyAM 2.1.3 Apa ApaNai mata thApayai sglaa| 2.1.4 Apa muyAM viNa saraga na jiyii| 2.1.5 Apa bakhANaiM para nai niNdi| 2.1.6 ihAM bAgha ihAM tau kuuau| 1. samayasundara kRti kusumAMjali, jIva pratibodha gItam (8); vahI, prastAva savaiyA chattIsI (1,33); sItArAma-caupAI (3.4.6) 2. samayasundara kRti kusumAMjali, nidrA gItam (3) 3. vahI, prastAva savaiyA chattIsI (12) 4. vahI, prastAva savaiyA chattIsI (19) 5. vahI, prastAva savaiyA chattIsI (31) 6. campakazreSThi-caupAI (1.12.15)

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442 2.1.7 iNagI bAgha ihAM khAI? 2.1.8 uSarakSetre uptAnyApi bIjAni nodgacchanti / 2.1.9 eka hANi nai bIjau hAMsau / 3 2.1.10 eka hAthi na par3ai tAli / * 2.1.11 ekala Avyau, ekalau jAisi, nahiM ko Avai sAtha / 2.1.12 eka hAtha mukti, eka hAtha phAMsI / 2.1.13 olyuM karatAM thAi pailyuM / mahopAdhyAya samayasundara : vyaktitva evaM kRtitva 2.1.14 kahitA bAta sohilI, karatA dohilI hoya / " 2.1.15 karama taNI gati kahiya na jAya / 2.1.16 kAko dhauto dugdhenApi dhavalatAM na prApnoti / 10 2.1.17 kIr3I Upari kehI kaTakI / 11 2.1.18 kUrmakAya : prahArazatairapi na bhettuM zakyate / 12 2.1.19 khalo vA satkriyamANo'pi na maitrIbhAvaM bhajate / 13 2.1.20 khata Upara jima khAra, dukha mAhe dukha lAgo / 14 2.1.21 gaja caDhyA kevala na hoi re / 15 2.1.22 gaja darasaNa zrIkAra / 16 1. sItArAma - caupAI (2.3.4) 2. kAlikAcArya - kathA, pRSTha 206 3. naladavadantI - rAsa (2.1.4 ) 4. samayasundara kRti kusumAMjali, zrI rAjula rahanemi gItam (2) 5. sayasundara kRti kusumAMjali, bAraha bhAvanA gItam (5) 6. vahI, nidrA gItam (2) 7. campaka zreSThi- caupAI (1.9.2) 8. samayasundara kRti kusumAMjali, dhannA - zAlibhadra sajjhAya (13) 9. sItArAma - caupAI (2.2.24) 10. kAlikAcArya - kathA, pRSTha 206 11. sItArAma - caupAI (6.2.50) 12. kAlikAcArya - kathA, pRSTha 206 13. vahI, pRSTha 207 14. sItArAma - caupAI (8.1.22) 15. samayasundara kRti kusumAMjali, zrI bAhubali gItam (2) 16. sItArAma - caupAI (1.8.10)

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samayasundara kI racanAoM meM sAhityika tattva 443 2.1.23 corAM vica paDyA mor| 2.1.24 chaTThI rAta likhyau te na mitti| 2.1.25 jala viNa kiNa rahai maachlii| 2.1.26 jasu rakkhe gosAiyAM, mAra na sakkai koi| 2.1.27 jiNa kIdhau ho sadA hAla hukamma, tau ve tUM kAryaMu kima khmi| 2.1.28 jIvato jIva kalyANa dekhiN|6 2.1.29 jorai prIti na hoyi| 2.1.30 jhabakai jANi biijli| 2.1.31 timiraharaNa suraji thakAM, kuMNa dIvAnau laag| 2.1.32 tirasyo na choDai niir|10 2.1.33 trAkaDi tolivau mer|11 2.1.34 truTisyai ati taanniyo|12 2.1.35 truTI nAr3i na ko kAja, kari sakai tau kari pahilI svrnnaa|13 2.1.36 thUki gilai nahi koi|14 2.1.37 dAhinI AMkha sakhI morI pharUkI, raMga meM bhaMga jaNAvai ho|15 2.1.38 daridra lAdho nidhAna kima choddi|16 1. vahI, (1.3.3) 2. vahI (1.7.11) 3. mRgAvatI caritra-caupAI (1.5.13) 4. campakaveSThi-caupAI (1.9. dUhA 2) 5. samayasundara kRti kusumAMjali, zrI amarasara maMDaNa zItalanAtha bRhatstavanam (9) 6. sItArAma-caupAI (6.1.43) 7. samayasundara kRti kusumAMjali, zrI rAjula-rahanemi gItam (2) 8. mRgAvatIcaritra-caupAI (1.7.2) 9. sItArAma-caupAI (2.3.12) 10. vahI (8.1.13) 11. thAvaccAsuta RSi-caupAI (1.9.24) 12. sItArAma-caupAI (6.7.12) 13. samayasundara kRti kusumAMjali, aMtasamaye jIva-nirjarA gItam (6) 14. sItArAma-caupAI (9.3.11) 15. samayasundara kRti kusumAMjali, zrI neminAtha phAga (5) 16. sItArAma-caupAI (8.1.3)

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444 2.1.39 dUdha thakAM kuMNa chAsinai pIvai / 2.1.40 dhuri thI je huvai dhITha, nahIM rahai te nITha / 2.1.41 nisavAda velU nA kaulIA / 2.1.42 paMco mAI kahIjiyaiM, paramesara parasAda / 2.1.43 pAchA nAvaI je muA / 5 2.1.44 peTai ko dhAlai nahIM, ati vAlhI charI / 2.1.45 poli tAlA jaDyA / 7 2.1.46 badhirasya granthakoTi zravaNe'pi nAvabodho jAyate / " 2.1.47 bichAvaNo lahyo UMghatAM / 2.1.48 bAteM pApar3a kimahI na thAi / 10 2.1.49 bUr3hA te kima bAla kahIjai / 11 2.1.50 bhUkho bhojana khIra biNa jImyAM choDai nahIM / 12 2.1.51 mAya bApa Agala bolatAM jI, bAlaka kehI lAja / 13 2.1.52 maMjAra mukhi chachaMdarI / 14 2.1.53 manahUi rAjI tau kyA karai kAjI / 15 2.1.54 mAla malUka mahala mana haraNA, sAthai nahIM Avai ika taraNA / 16 mahopAdhyAya samayasundara : vyaktitva evaM kRtitva 9. vahI ( 2.3. dUhA 13 ) 2. naladavadaMtI - rAsa (DhAla 4 se pUrva soraThA 3) 3. thAvaccAsuta RSi - caupAI (1.9.24) 4. sItArAma - caupAI (5.1.4) 5. sItArAma - caupAI (3.20) 6. vahI (8.1.17) 7. kAlikAcArya - kathA, pRSTha 206 8. vahI, pRSTha 206 9. sItArAma - caupAI (4.4. dUhA 4 ) 10. samayasundara kRti kusumAMjali, prastAva savaiyA chattIsI (19). 11 . vahI, hita zikSA gItam (2) 12. sItArAma - caupAI (8.1.2) 13. samayasundara kRti kusumAMjali, AloyaNAgarbhita zrI zatruJjaya-maNDana AdinAtha bhAsa (7) 14. mRgAvatI caritra - caupAI (1.5.6) 15. zAMba - pradyumna - caupAI (16.2) 16. samayasundara kRti kusumAMjali, aMtasamaye jIva-nirjarA gItam (4)

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445 samayasundara kI racanAoM meM sAhityika tattva 2.1.55 mudgazaila:puSkarAvartameghaplAvito'pi nArdI bhvti| 2.1.56 mUMga mAMhi Dhulyo ghiiy| 2.1.57 meru adhika kanaka diiyu| 2.1.58 ratana ciMtAmaNi lAbhatAM, kuNa grahai kahau kaac| 2.1.59 rAdhAvedharI pUtalI tIra suM vIMdhavI pheri / 2.1.60 rUpaiyA kharA Agimai ghAlyAM kasamala jaayi| 2.1.61 lazunaM karpUravAsitamapi na sugandhaM syaat|' 2.1.62 likhyA miTaI nahi lekh| 2.1.63 lobha te kisUna thaaii| 2.1.64 vandhyAyA vA bahUpacAraipi na sNtaan-praaptiH|20 2.1.65 vAmI duragA bolatI, paMthI karaiya pryaann|11 2.1.66 viSamamRtamizritamapi na mRSTaM bhvti|12 2.1.67 samaratha sajjA deii|13 2.1.68 sarakhe sarakhaM sahu milyu|14 2.1.69 sarajyAM bina sakhi kyuMkara pAiyai, mana mAnyA melaayaa|15 2.1.70 sAThI cokhA sUpaDai, chaDatAM UjalA thaayi|16 1. kAlikAcArya-kathA, pRSTha 206 2. sItArAma-caupAI (4.4 dUhA 4) 3. mRgAvatI-caritra-caupAI (1.2.18) 4. vahI (2.3 dUhA 13) 5. thAvaccAsuta RSi-caupAI (1.9.24) 6. sItArAma-caupAI (1.2.18) 7. kAlikAcArya-kathA, pRSTha 206 8. sItArAma-caupAI (5.3.1) 9. campakazreSThi-caupAI (1.13.4) 10. kAlikAcArya-kathA, pRSTha 207 11. campakazreSThi-caupAI (1.12.19) 12. kAlikAcArya-kathA, pRSTha 206 13. sItArAma-caupAI (5.1.27) 14. campakaveSThi-caupAI (2.4.1) 15. samayasundara kRti kusumAMjali, zrI neminAtha phAga (6) 16. sItArAma-caupAI (1.2.18)

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446 mahopAdhyAya samayasundara : vyaktitva evaM kRtitva 2.1.71 supaMDita subhASita rasiyo kima tajai 1 2.1.72 sApa mukhai muhiM uNdrii| 2.1.73 sIha mukhai paDI miragalI, sIcANai mukha ciddklii|3 2.1.74 sukha sarasava dukha meru smaanni| 2.1.75 sUtau sIMha jgaayu| 2.1.76 sonai sAmi na hoii|6 2.1.77 huvanahArI bAta te huvi| vAstava meM samayasundara ko kahAvatoM kA vistRta jJAna thA, jo ki uparyukta udAharaNoM se spaSTa ho jAtA hai| aneka sthAnoM para unhoMne eka tathya kI puSTi ke lie aneka kahAvatoM kA prayoga kiyA hai; yathA - ciMtAmaNi ho jau pAyau ratanna, tau kAca grahai nahIM ko shii| paMcAmRta ho jau bhojana kIdha, tau khali khAvA kima mana thiyi| kaMTha tAMi ho jau amRta pIdha, tau khArau jala kahau kuNa piiyi| motI kau ho jau pahirau hAra, tau ciramaThi kuNa pahirai hiyi| jasu gAMThi ho lAkha kor3i garatha, te byAja kADhI dAma kima liiyi| ghara mAhe ho jau pragaTyau nidhAna, tau desaMtari kahau kuNa bhmi| sonA kau ho jau purusau sIdha, tau dhAtuvAdi nai kuNa dhmi| jiNa kIdhA ho javahara vyApAra, tau maNihArI mani kima gmi| jiNa kIdhau ho sadA hAla hukamma, tau ve tuMkAryau kima khamai // 2.2 muhAvare ___ samayasundara ke jana-sAdhAraNa kI bhASA meM bhI sAhitya-sarjana kiyA thaa| janatA kI bhASA meM prAyaH muhAvaroM kI pracuratA rahatI hai| ataH janasAmAnya meM pracalita aneka muhAvaroM ko unhoMne sahaja hI grahaNa kara liyaa| yahI kAraNa hai ki unakI koI bhI aisI racanA nahIM hai, jisameM muhAvarA-prayoga kA abhAva ho| yadi prayukta sabhI muhAvaroM kI yahA~ 1. vahI (8.1.2) . 2. mRgAvatI-caritra-caupAI (1.5.6) 3. vahI (1.5.5) 4. mRgAvatI-caritra-caupAI (3.7.7) 5. vahI (2.9.16) 6. sItArAma-caupAI (1.2.17) 7. vahI (5.6 dUhA 21) 8. samayasundara kRti kusumAMjali, zrI amarasara maNDaNa zrI zItalanAtha bRhatstavanam (5-9)

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samayasundara kI racanAoM meM sAhityika tattva 447 carcA kI jAe, to anAvazyaka vistAra ho jaaegaa| udAharaNa ke lie kucha muhAvare-prayoga prastuta kiye jA rahe haiM - __ mAla malUka mahala mana hrnnaa| mugdha kara lene kI abhivyaMjanA ke lie 'mana haranA' muhAvarA adhika prabhAvapUrNa hai| isI prakAra - kIrati kAraNa upagaraNa mAMDyau, lAkha loka ghari lNtti| sampatti lUTane ke lie 'ghari lUMTai' (ghara lUTanA) muhAvarA-prayoga hai| punaryathA - manuSya janma navi hAro Ala, tame pANI pahalI bAMdho paal|3 yahA~ kavi kahanA cAha rahe haiM ki jIvana ko vyartha meM mata gmaao| mRtyu Ane se pUrva kucha karaNIya kArya kara lo| isa abhivyakti ke lie 'janma hAranA' aura pAnI Ane se pahale 'pula athavA bAMdha bAMdhanA' muhAvare kA prayoga adhika saTIka banA hai| isI taraha 'manoratha mAharau phalIjo'4 (manoratha phalanA), hIyaDai dukkha na mAyo5, mana tarasaI, kharo zAstra khoTo kIyo", paracA dAdo pUrave (paracA pUranA-manovAMchita siddha karanA) Adi muhAvarA-prayoga bhI ullekhanIya haiN| uparyukta udAharaNoM se spaSTa hai ki kavivara samayasundara ke sAhitya meM kahAvatoM tathA muhAvaroM kA bAhulya hai| unakI kahAvatoM se unake sAhitya kA sAMskRtika pakSa bhI udghATita hotA hai aura muhAvaroM se lakSaNA zabda-zakti; kyoMki muhAvare lakSaNA para hI AdhArita hote haiN| *** 1. vahI, aMtasamaye jIva nirjarA gItam (4) 2. vahI, hita zikSA gItam (5) 3. samayasundara kRti kusumAMjali, vrata paccakkhANa gItam (10) 4. vahI, manoratha gItam (8) 5. mRgAvatI-caritra-caupAI (1.7.2) 6. samayasundara kRti kusumAMjali, zrI neminAtha phAga (7) 7. vahI, satyAsiyA duSkAla varNana chattIsI (2) 8. vahI, vahI derAvara-maNDaNa jinakuzalasUri gItam (1)

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SaSTha adhyAya samayasundara kA vicAra - pakSa

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samayasundara kA vicAra-pakSa 451 vizva virATa aura vyApaka hai| manuSya usakA eka ghaTaka hai| vizva meM manuSya ke AvirbhAva ke sAtha hI vicAra yA cintana kA bhI AvirbhAva huaa| 'uttarAdhyayana sUtracUrNi' ke anusAra cintana aura manana karanA manuSya kA pradhAna lakSaNa hai| samayasundara eka mahAn vicAraka aura cintaka the| unake vicAra aura cintana atyanta praur3ha the| unake vicAra yA cintana kA mUlAdhAra hai, jaina drshn'| cUMki ve janma se jaina the aura isI dharma meM dIkSita hue, ata: unake vicAra bhI jaina darzana se prabhAvita hoM - yaha svAbhAvika hai| kintu jaba koI vicArazIla vyakti praur3ha ho jAtA hai, to usake vicAra yA cintana bhI praur3ha hone lagate haiM aura vaha apanI mAnyatAoM meM kucha saMzodhana evaM pariSkAra kI anubhUti karane lagatA hai| samayasundara para bhI anya vicAra-dhArAoM kA AMzika prabhAva par3A aura unhoMne una katipaya vicAra-dhArAoM ko grahaNa bhI kiyaa| isa taraha anya vicAra-dhArAoM kA samAgama ho jAne se unakI vicAra-gaMgA vistIrNa ho gyii| unake vicAroM meM naitikatA, dhArmikatA evaM dArzanikatA kA triveNI-saMgama hai| hama unakI vicAra-dhArAoM ko saMkSepa meM nIce prastuta kara rahe haiM - 1.IzvaravAda banAma anIzvaravAda IzvaravAdI vaha hai jo sRSTi kA kartA-dhartA yA niyAmaka eka sarvazaktimAn Izvara yA paramAtmA ko mAnatA hai| usake anusAra bhUmaNDala para jaba-jaba adharma bar3hatA hai, dharma kA hrAsa hotA hai, taba-taba bhagavAn avatAra lete haiM aura duSToM kA damana karake sRSTi kI rakSA karate haiM, usameM sadAcAra kA bIja-vapana karate haiN| isake viparIta anIzvaravAdI vaha hai jo vyakti ke svatantra vikAsa meM vizvAsa karatA hai| usake anusAra pratyeka vyakti yA jIva apanA sampUrNa vikAsa kara sakatA hai| vaha svayaM hI apanA niyAmaka yA saMcAlaka hai| vaha svayaM hI apanA mitra hai, zatru hai| __mahopAdhyAya samayasundara ne apane saiddhAntika granthoM meM na to IzvaravAditA kA samarthana kiyA hai aura na hI nirIzvaravAditA kaa| unake etad sambandhI vicAra kevala laghu gItoM meM hI vyakta haiN| unakA bhaktiparaka gIti-sAhitya jahA~ IzvaravAditA kA samarthaka hai, vahA~ upadezaparaka gIti-sAhitya na kevala nirIzvaravAditA kA samarthaka hai, apitu IzvaravAditA 1. uttarAdhyayanacUrNi (3) 2. draSTavya - samaNasuttaM, bhUmikA, pRSTha 10

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452 mahopAdhyAya samayasundara : vyaktitva evaM kRtitva kA virodhaka bhI hai| samayasundara vyavahArika taura para IzvaravAda ke virodhaka nahIM the| apane bhaktiparaka gItoM meM unhoMne paramezvara ko sarvazaktimAn tathA saMsAra-sAgara se tAraka batAyA hai| jisa taraha tulasIdAsa Adi ke bhagavAn saba-kucha kara sakate haiM, vaise hI samayasundara ke bhagavAn bhI saba-kucha karane meM samartha haiN| ve pApI se pApI aura ghora aparAdhI ko bhI ananta sukha pradAna kara sakate haiM, usakA uddhAra kara sakate haiN| ___ eka gIta meM samayasundara ne paramezvara ko eka bhI mAnA hai| unake matAnusAra vahI eka logoM meM paramparA-bheda se alaga-alaga nAmoM se pukArA jAtA hai| bAbA Adama, anAdi, parabrahma, puruSottama, Izvara, deva, paramezvara, rAma, sAI, gosAI, billA illA, yati, yogI, bhuktabhogI, nirAkAra, sAkAra, niraMjana, dukhabhaMjana, alakSa, ekarUpI, ghaTa-ghaTabhedI, antaryAmI, jagadvyApI, sahasranAmI, arihanta Adi saba usI parama paramAtmA ke nAma haiM yA vizeSaNa haiN| jabaki eka anya racanA meM samayasundara apane paramAtmA ke svarUpa kA varNana karane meM svayaM ko samartha na pAkara kahate haiM ki paramezvara ke svarUpa kA nirUpaNa karanA ThIka vaisA hI kaThina hai, jaise AkAza meM pakSI ke paMkhoM ke cihna ko khojanA, jala meM machalI kI gati ke cihna ko khojanA, gaMgA kI bAlU ke kaNoM ko ginanA, mastaka para meru ko vahana krnaa| jo vyakti kaSAya-mukta, tapayukta aura yoga-dhyAna kI jyoti se jyotita hai, vahI unheM pA sakatA hai|3| samayasundara ke gItoM se yahA~ hama eka padya uddhRta karate haiM, jisase yaha siddha hotA hai ki yadyapi samayasundara svayaM IzvaravAditA se prabhAvita the, lekina unakA Izvara vaha nahIM thA jo loga mAnate haiM, vaha to vItarAgI aura nispRha thA - paNi mujha nai saMbhArajyo, tumha setI ho ghaNI jaannpichaann| tume nIrAgI nisprIhI, paNi mhArai to tume jIvana prANa // samayasundara ne apane aupadezika gItoM meM nirIzvaravAda kA samarthana to kiyA hI hai, sAtha hI sAtha IzvaravAda kA virodha bhI kiyA hai tathA IzvaravAdiyoM ke prati vyaMgya bhI kase haiN| Izvara sRSTi kA sraSTA hai - yaha mAnane se ve sarvathA mukara jAte haiN| bhalA, yadi manuSya kA niyAmaka Izvara ko mAna liyA jAye, to bicArA manuSya nitAMta asahAya, svatantra rUpa se saMkalpa aura puruSArtha karane meM asamartha aura IzvarIya hAthoM kA eka upakaraNa mAtra hI hogaa| aisI dazA meM vaiyaktika vikAsa aura mukti bhI svAdhIna na hokara parAdhIna ho jaaegii| 1. samayasundara kRti kusumAMjali, zrI mahAvIrajina vijJaptistavanam, pRSTha 203 2. vahI, zrI paramezvara bheda gItam, pRSTha 444-45 3. vahI, paramezvara-svarUpa durlabha gItam 445-46 4. vahI, viharamAna vIsI stavanAH, ajitavIrya jina gItam, pRSTha 38

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samayasundara kA vicAra-pakSa 453 . isIlie samayasundara kahate haiM ki mujhe jaba bhI kartAra mileMge to maiM unase kevala do hI bAteM pUchaMgA - tUM kRpAlu hai athavA tUM pApI hai? yadi tuma kRpAlu ho to viyoga kyoM karAte ho? devakumAra jaisA putra dekara adhabIca meM kyoM chIna lete ho aura puruSa-ratna ko hara ghar3I kyoM tor3ate ho? kisI ko tuma chatrapati rAjA ke rUpa meM sthApita kara dete ho, to kisI ko raMka banA dete ho aura jisa hAtha se dAna dilavAte ho, usI hAtha ko kyoM tuma dUsaroM ke Age phailAne ke lie majabUra karate ho| jagat kI sRSTi karate samaya to tuma upakArI ho, kintu saMhAra karate samaya bhI tumheM kheda nahIM hotA hai| Aha! yaha kaisA asatya-bharA satya hai| samayasundara kahate haiM ki maiMne to eka rahasya kA patA lagA liyA hai ki karma hI ekamAtra kartA hai| samayasundara kahate haiM ki paramezvara-paramezvara sabhI kahate haiM, lekina vAstava meM kyA kisI ne paramezvara kA darzana kiyA hai? calo, usI se pUche jisane paramezvara ko dekhA ho| ve Age kahate haiM ki kisako pUche? kAraNa, paramezvara alakha, agocara, nirAkAra, niraJjana hai| samayasundara svayaM eka prakhara paNDita the aura ve paNDitoM ko hI lalakAra kara sambodhita karate hue kahate haiM ki paNDito! batAo, isa jagat kI sRSTi kisane kI? yadi koI akATya yukti jAnate ho to kaho, anyathA idhara-udhara kI bAteM chor3akara sIdhesAde spaSTa rUpa se 'na' kA uttara de do| isa prakAra hama dekhate haiM ki jahA~ eka ora samayasundara bhakta-hRdaya hokara IzvaravAdI ho jAte haiM, vahIM dUsarI ora tArkika hokara nirIzvaravAda kA samarthana karate haiN| 2. bhAgya banAma puruSArtha pUrvopArjita zubhAzubha karma hI bhAgya hai aura vartamAna meM kiyA jAne vAlA prayatna puruSArtha hai| samayasundara yadyapi bhAgya ko pramukhatA dete haiM, kintu ve puruSArtha kI upekSA nahIM krte| unake anusAra pratyeka kArya kI siddhi ke lie bhAgya aura puruSArtha - donoM kI vidyamAnatA Avazyaka hai| ___ bhAgya kI prabalatA batAte hue samayasundara kahate haiM ki puruSArtha cAhe jitanA kiyA jAya, lekina binA bhAgya ke vaha phalIbhUta nahIM ho sakatA hai| manuSya kArya kI siddhi ke lie aneka upAya socatA hai, parantu bahuta upAya socane athavA karane se bhavitavyatA Tala nahIM sktii| pUrva dizA meM udIyamAna sUrya pazcima dizA meM udita ho jAe 1. samayasundara kRti kusumAMjali, karatAra gItam, pRSTha 443-44 2. vahI, prastAva savaiyA chattIsI, pRSTha 515-16 3. vahI, prastAva savaiyA chattIsI, pRSTha 515 4. vahI, jagasRSTikAra paramezvara-pRcchA gItam, pRSTha 443

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454 mahopAdhyAya samayasundara : vyaktitva evaM kRtitva tathA avicala meru bhI calAyamAna ho jAe to bhI likhita (bhAgya) puruSArtha se kabhI nahIM miTa sktaa| bhAvI eka ghar3I ke lie bhI ghaTa-bar3ha nahIM sakatI hai| honahAra to hokara hI rahatA hai| samayasundara kA kahanA hai ki bhAgya aura puruSArtha donoM kA saMyoga hone para pratyeka manovAMchita siddha kiyA jA sakatA hai|3|| samayasundara ke vicArAnusAra yadyapi bhavitavyatA prabala hai, kintu isakA abhiprAya yaha nahIM hai ki puruSArtha phalIbhUta nahIM hotA hai| yadi vyakti bhAgya para bharosA rakhakara puruSArtha nahIM karegA to vaha sAdhya ko prApta nahIM kara skegaa| yadi kisI vyakti ke sAmane bhojana kI thAlI rakha dI jAya aura aba vaha yaha soce ki bhAgya meM hogA to peTa bhara jAegA to yaha sambhava nahIM hai| yahA~ kaura uThAne rUpa puruSArtha kI hI apekSA hai| vastutaH puruSArtha se hI saba kAryoM kI siddhi hotI hai| samayasundara kahate haiM ki yaha kabhI mata kaho ki ekAkI bhAgya hI prabala hai athavA ekAkI puruSArtha hI prabala hai| ve donoM kA samanvaya karate hue kahate haiM ki nizcaya dRSTi se bhAgya prabala hai tathA vyavahAra dRSTi se purussaarth| nizcaya aura vyavahAra donoM kA paraspara abhinna sambandha hai| ataH bhAgya evaM puruSArtha donoM kA samanvaya anivArya hai| eka ke binA dUsarA apUrNa hai| 3. syAdvAda samayasundara likhate haiM ki syAdvAda tIrthaGkakara vacana aura jaina-darzana kA mUla hai| isameM pArasparika vacanoM meM virodha kI sambhAvanA nahIM rahatI hai| syAdvAda kI siddhi naya se hotI hai| naya sAta hai- 1. naigamanaya, 2. saMgrahanaya, 3. vyavahAranaya, 4. RjusUtranaya, 5. zabdanaya, 6. samabhirUr3hanaya aura 7. evNbhuutny| ina saptanayoM se ananta dharmAtmaka vastu kA parIkSaNa kiyA jAtA hai| isaliye ye sunaya haiN| kunayoM meM eka vastu ko sadAtmaka mAnane vAle sAMkhya, asadAtmaka kahane vAle mAdhyamika, abhilapyamAna mAnane vAle vaiyAkaraNa prabhRti ekAntavAdI parigaNita hai| vastutaH eka vastu ke ananta dharma hote haiM aura ananta dharmAtmaka vastu kA paryAlocana uparyukta sunayoM se atIva sugama hai| 4.sAmpradAyika sahiSNutA samayasundara kI vicAra-dhArA anAgrahI evaM samanvayavAdI haiN| samayasundara ke 1. vahI, udyama bhAgya gItam, pRSTha 439 2. campaka zreSThi-caupAI (3-1-2) 3. samayasundara kRti kusumAMjali, udyama bhAgya gItam, pRSTha 439 4. campaka zreSThi-caupAI (DhAla 7 dUhA 3.4; 8-2) 5. samayasundara kRti kusumAMjali, prastAva savaiyA chattIsI, pRSTha 521 6. saptasmaraNastavavRtti, dvitIya smaraNam, pRSTha 17

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455 samayasundara kA vicAra-pakSa samaya meM AcAra evaM vicAra sambandhI matabhedoM ko lekara jaina dharma meM aneka gaccha the| unameM pArasparika sauhArdra bhI nahIM thaa| yaha bAta samayasundara dvArA kiye gaye ullekhoM se bhI spaSTa samayasundara kI mAnyatA thI ki hameM AgrahavAdI nahIM bananA caahiye| dUsare ke satya ko asvIkAra nahIM karanA cAhiye evaM vaicArika saMgharSa kI bhUmikA taiyAra nahIM karanI caahiye| ve kahate haiM ki jinadharma (jainadharma) jinadharma sabhI cillAte haiM, lekina sabhI apane-apane matoM kI hI sthApanA karate haiM, na ki jinadharma ke siddhAntoM kii| sabhI jinadharma ke anuyAyI haiM, lekina sabakI samAcArI, sabakA AcaraNa alaga-alaga hai| samayasundara kA kahanA hai ki loga itane AgrahavAdI haiM ki dUsare ke satya ko mAnya hI nahIM krte| aise logoM kA kahanA hai ki hama hI kevala sacce haiM, dUsare jhUThe haiN| svamata kI prazaMsA aura dUsaroM kI nindA karanA samayasundara ke anusAra anucita hai| ve kahate haiM ki hama hI sacce, dUsare jhUThe haiM-yaha kahanA chor3a do| satya to vahI hai, jo vItarAgadeva-kathita samayasundara eka anya racanA meM kahate haiM ki isa samaya caurAsI gaccha mukhya rUpa se dekhe jAte haiM, lekina una sabake bhinna-bhinna AcAra haiN| sabhI gacchAnuyAyI apane-apane gaccha ko eka-dUsare se zreSTha batA rahe haiN| aba aisI sthiti meM vyakti socatA hai ki hameM ki gaccha kI vidhi karanI caahiye| samayasundara kahate haiM ki isa samaya parama jJAnI koI vidyamAna nahIM hai, jisase zaMkA kA nivAraNa kiyA jA ske| ataH pratyAkSepa kabhI nahIM karanA caahiye| kisI bhI gaccha ke prati aprIti nahIM rakhanI caahiye| samayasundara batAte haiM ki jinazAsana meM gacchoM ke kAraNa bahuta saMgharSa hue haiM aura patA nahIM abhI taka kitane saMgharSa hoNge| ve kahate haiM ki sabhI loga apane-apane gacchoM ke prati itanA mahatva rakhate haiM aura use hI pakar3a kara baiTha gaye haiM3 yaha kauna jAnatA hai ki satya kyA hai aura asatya kyA hai? sUtra siddhAnta sabake vahI hai| samayasundara kahate haiM ki tuma puruSArtha ko smjho| apane hRdaya meM manthana karake soco ki tumane gacchavAda meM par3akara kitanA rAga-dveSa kiyA hai| tapAgacchavAle kahate haiM 'iriyAvahI' sAmAyika-pATha uccAraNa karane se pahale hotI hai, jabaki kharataragacchavAle kahate haiM, 'iriyAvahI' sAmAyika-pATha grahaNa karane ke bAda hotI hai| acalagacchavAle mu~hapati (mukhavastrikA) ke bAre meM anya dRSTikoNa rakhate 1. samayasundara kRti kusumAMjali, vItarAga-satya vacana gItam, pRSTha 447 2. vahI, prastAva savaiyA chattIsI (6),pRSTha 516 3. vahI, prastAva savaiyA chattIsI (7),pRSTha 516 4. vahI, prastAva savaiyA chattIsI (11),pRSTha 517

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456 mahopAdhyAya samayasundara : vyaktitva evaM kRtitva haiM, lauMkAgacchavAle jinapratimA-pUjana kA virodha karate haiM to hu~bar3a (digambara) strImukti ko nahIM mAnate haiN| samayasundara kA kathana hai ki inameM se koI bhI yadi kevalI ke samIpa jAegA to usakA saMzaya dUra ho jAegA aura yathArtha sthiti jAna jaaegaa| kharatara, tapA, AMcaliyA, pArzvacandra, AgamiyA, pUnamiyA, digambara luMkA Adi caurAsI gacchoM ke bhI aneka prakAra haiN| ahaMkAravaza ye sabhI apane-apane gaccha kI sthApanA karane ke lie prayatnazIla haiM, kintu samayasundara ina AgrahoM ke pare satya kA darzana karate haiN| unakA kathana hai ki bhagavAna ne jo kaha diyA hai, usI ko kahA karo tathA usI kI sthApanA karane kA prayatna kro| samayasundara apane gacchAnuyAyiyoM ko bhI sAvadhAna karate haiN| ve kahate haiM ki yadyapi hamArA gaccha sabase bar3A hai aura vyAkhyAna meM sabase adhika isI gaccha meM upasthiti hotI hai, kintu isa bAta kA kabhI bhI garva mata krnaa| samaya kA khela bar3A vicitra hai| samaya-samaya para hAni bhI hotI hai| kauna jAnatA hai ki kauna sA gaccha pramANabhUta evaM jIvita rahegA?3 gacchanAyakoM ke sambandha meM ve likhate haiM ki pUrvavartI gacchanAyaka ati mahAna, kSamAzIla aura gambhIra huA karate the, parantu sampratikAlIna gacchanAyaka svecchAnusAra AcaraNa karate haiM aura yadi koI unheM kucha kahatA hai, to ve usa para koI dhyAna nahIM dete| vastuta: una para koI haTaka nahIM hai| unake anusAra ve gacchanAyaka tarakaza meM thothe tIra ke samAna haiM aura rAta-dina khinna rahate haiN| 5. vaicArika sahiSNutA sAmAnyatayA yaha mAnyatA hai ki mithyAdRSTi ke dvArA nirmita bhArata (mahAbhArata) tarka-vyAkaraNa kAvyAdi granthoM ke paThana se mithyAtva kI prApti hotI hai, ataH samyagdRSTiyoM ko inheM paThana nahIM karanA cAhiye, kintu samayasundara ke anusAra 'mithyAzrutasyApisamyagdRSTi parigRhitattvena samyakzrutattvena bhnnnaat'| arthAt mithyAzruta ko bhI samyagdRSTi se gRhita karane para vaha samyakazruta hI hotA hai| unakA kathana hai ki vartamAna meM maiMne bhI na kevala apane siddhAntoM yA zAstroM para TIkA Adi likhI hai, hamAre pUrvaja jainAcAryoM ne bhI jainadarzana ke atirikta bauddha, sAMkhya, jaiminIya, naiyAyika, cArvAka Adi darzanoM para grantha likhe haiN| vAstava meM yadi hama dUsaroM ke vyAkaraNa, tarka Adi ko nahIM samajheMge, to hama mandamativAn loga apane siddhAntoM evaM zAstroM ko bhI sugamatA se nahIM samajha paaeNge| jaba taka hama 1. samayasundara kRti kusumAMjali, prastAva savaiyA chattIsI (11), pRSTha 517 2. vahI, prastAva savaiyA chattIsI (12),pRSTha 517 3. vahI, prastAva savaiyA chattIsI (13),pRSTha 517-18 4. vahI, prastAva savaiyA chattIsI (14),pRSTha 518

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samayasundara kA vicAra- pakSa 457 svasiddhAnta - zAstroM ke sAtha-sAtha parasiddhAnta zAstroM kA adhyayana nahIM kareMge, taba taka hama pratipakSa ke samakSa vAda-vivAda yA zAstrArtha meM svapakSa kA samarthana yuktipUrvaka nahIM kara skeNge| ve puna: puna: isa bAta ko doharAte haiM ki purANa, rAmAyaNa, mahAbhArata athavA koI bhI grantha ho, yadi hama unakA samyagdRSTi se adhyayana kareMge to vaha hamAre lie samyakzAstra hI hogA aura vaha svasiddhAntavat hI ho jaaegaa| 6. sarvaveza- muktigamana jainadharma meM zvetAmbara evaM digambara- ye do pradhAna AmnAya haiN| inameM digambara mata mukti ke lie nagnatA ko anivArya mAnatA hai, kyoMki strI nagna nahIM raha sakatI, ata: use strI-mukti svIkAra nahIM hai, jabaki zvetAmbara mata strI-mukti ko svIkAra karatA hai| sAtha hI yaha bhI mAnatA hai ki gRhastha bhI mukti prApta kara sakatA hai| isa saMdarbha meM samayasundara samanvayavAdI haiN| unakA kahanA hai ki kevala zvetAmbara hI mukta ho sakate haiM athavA digambara hI mukta ho sakate haiM, yaha bAta nahIM hai| hara koI - liMga vAlA mukti prApta kara sakatA hai / jo bhI niraJjana kA dhyAna lagAyegA, yogamArga ko apanAyegA, vaha nizcita rUpa se mukti prApta karegA / zaiva, zvetAmbara, digambara, hindU, bauddha, musalamAna (zekha), zramaNa, brAhmaNa, tApasa, sanyAsI, zrRMgInAdI, nagna- jaTAdhara, karapAtrI, bhasmabhUSita yogI, strI, puruSa, napuMsaka Adi sabhI mukti prApta kara sakate haiM / 3 7. strI-mukti strI mokSapada ko prApta nahIM kara sakatI (digambara mata ) - yaha bAta samayasundara ko mAnya nahIM hai| unakA kahanA hai ki jainadharma meM mokSapada prApta karane ke lie nara athavA nArI kA koI vibhAjana nahIM kiyA gayA hai| jo loga strI ke muktigamana kA niSedha karate haiM, unake pAsa bhI isa bAta kA koI puSTa pramANa nahIM hai, jisake AdhAra para ve siddha kara sakeM ki strI muktigamana nahIM kara sktii| samayasundara ke anusAra to joratnatraya - samyagdarzana, jJAna, cAritra kI samyak rUpa se sAdhanA karatA hai, vaha mokSapada ko nizcita rUpa se prApta karegA, phira cAhe vaha strI ho yA puruSa / 8. guru samayasundara ne jJAna, darzana aura cAritra kA rUpa trividha sAdhanAmArga para ArUr3ha Adarza puruSoM ke lie guru zabda kA prayoga kiyA hai| unake anusAra guru mahAn hote haiM / 1. vizeSazataka (18) 2. draSTavya - jainadharmasAra, pRSTha 17 3. samayasundara kRti kusumAMjali, sarvabheSamuktigamana gItam, pRSTha 439-40 4. vizeSazataka (76)

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458 mahopAdhyAya samayasundara : vyaktitva evaM kRtitva mArga-darzana ke lie guru hI sabase adhika sahAyaka haiN| guru dIpaka hai, jo ziSya ko sAdhanA-patha para sucAru rUpa se calane ke lie Aloka dikhAtA hai| guru candramA hai, jo ziSya ke mana meM utpanna hone vAle udvegoM ko zAnta karatA hai, ziSya ko AtmazAnti rUpa zItalatA pradAna karatA hai / bhava-samudra se pAra mokSa - taTa para utArane vAlA guru hai| guru mahAn upakArI hai| samayasundara guru ke vyaktitva ko mahAn tejasvI mAnate haiN| ve guru kI vANI ko amRta tathA mokSa kI nisainI mAnate haiN| ve kahate haiM ki guru ke nayana, vacana aura mukha darzana se parama Ananda hotA hai / 2 ke samayasundara ke 'anusAra ve nirgrantha sAdhu guru haiM, jo pAMca mahAvratoM ke pAlaka haiM, rAgadeva-kathita dharma ke ArAdhaka haiM, saMsAra- sAgara ke uddhAraka aura mokSa ke sAdhaka haiN| ve kahate haiM ki vastutaH guru vaha hai, jo zuddha prarUpaNA karatA hai aura yatnapUrvaka gamanAgamana Adi pratyeka kriyA karatA hai| svayaM bhI bhava-sAgara se tiratA hai aura dUsaroM ko bhI tAratA hai| samayasundara ne tIna AdhyAtmika puruSoM ko guru kahA hai- 1. AcArya, 2. upAdhyAya aura 3. sAdhu / ye tInoM jJAnAcAra, darzanAcAra, cAritrAcAra, tapAcAra aura vIryAcAra (puruSArtha)- ina pA~ca AcAroM kA svayaM pAlana karate haiM aura dUsaroM se pAlana karavAte haiN| 9. saMgha jainadharma meM saMgha ko bahuta mahattva diyA gayA hai| samaya sundara bhI saMgha ko mahAn samajhate the| saMgha se unakA abhiprAya hai zramaNa, zramaNI zrAvaka aura zrAvikA kA caturvidha smudaay| unakI mAnyatA hai ki saMgha duHkhiyoM ke duHkha kA hartA hai| yaha mAtA-pitA ke samAna hitakara aura vallabha hai| , 10. dharma jainadharma meM sAmAnyatayA 'dhammo vatthu sahAvo" (dharmaH vastusvabhAvaH) kahakara jIva ke nija-svabhAva ko dharma kahA jAtA hai / samayasundara ne dharma kA jo artha aura lakSaNa 1. samayasundara kRti kusumAMjali, zrI jinasiMhasUri gItAni, pRSTha 387 2 . vahI, vadhAvA gItam, pRSTha 383 3. yati-ArAdhanA (patra 2) 4. samayasundara kRti kusumAMjali, prastAva savaiyA chattIsI, 516 5. saptasmaraNavRtti, caturthasmaraNa, pRSTha 31 6. samayasundara kRti kusumAMjali, zrI saMghaguNa gItam (1-4) 7. samaNasuttaM (83)

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samayasundara kA vicAra-pakSa 459 batAyA hai, vaha isase kucha bhinna hai| unake anusAra 'dharmo durgati prapaMcantu dhAraNA lakSaNam' hai| yahI bAta unhoMne apanI eka anya racanA meM kahI hai ki 'duragati paDatAM dhai ADI bAMhi shriijindhrm| 2 isa taraha samayasundara ke matAnusAra dharma durgati meM girate hue ko dhAraNa karatA hai| yahI dharma kA lakSaNa hai aura yaha utkRSTa pradhAna maMgala hai| samayasundara kI mAnyatA hai ki vahI vAstava meM dharma hai jo kevalajJAnI vItarAga dvArA bhASita hai, hiMsA se pratikUla hai, jIvadayA hI jisakA mUla hai aura jo muktimArga meM pAtheya ke samAna hai|3|| samayasundara likhate haiM ki isa asAra loka meM yadi koI sAra vastu hai, to vaha dharma hI hai| bhava-bhramaNa se chuTakArA dilAne vAlA yahI eka mAtra parama AdhAra hai| dharma to eka kalpavRkSa ke samAna hai| isakI chAyA zItala hai, jo isakA siMcana karegA vaha mukti ke phala ko prApta kregaa|6 samayasundara ne dharma ke cAra aGga mAne haiM- dAna, zIla, tapa aura bhaav| ina cAroM para samayasundara ke vicAra isa prakAra haiM10.1 dAnadharma samayasundara ke anusAra dAna dharma-ratha ke cAra pahiyoM meM se eka hai| unhoMne dAna karanA anivArya mAnA hai| ve kahate haiM ki yadyapi kucha loga yaha mAnate haiM ki dAna se dhana kA hrAsa hotA hai, para vaha galata hai| dAna se dhana ghaTatA nahIM apitu bar3hatA hai| yaha ihaloka evaM paraloka - donoM meM lAbhadAyaka hai| isa loka meM yaha suyazakara hai aura paraloka meM sambala hai| isase sArA vizva vazIbhUta hotA hai| janatA prathama pahara meM dAtA kA nAma-smaraNa karatI hai| isa taraha dAna kA phala pratyakSa hai| yadyapi samayasundara ne dAnadharma ko zreSTha avazya mAnA hai, kintu ve isa bAta kI ora bhI saMketa karate haiM ki dAna meM ADambara kI bhI sambhAvanA ho sakatI hai| unhoMne 1. dazavaikAlikavRtti (pRSTha 1) 2. samayasundara kRti kusumAMjali, prastAva savaiyA chattIsI (5) 3. zrAvakArAdhanA (patra 1) 4. samayasundara kRti kusumAMjali, jIva-pratibodha gItam (1) 5. vahI, jIva-pratibodha gItam (1) 6. vahI, dharmamahimAgItam (6) 7. (ka) samayasundara kRti kusumAMjali, dAna-zIla-tapa-bhAva saMvAda (DhAla 5) (kha) vahI, dharmamahimA gItam (1) 8. (ka) samayasundara kRti kusumAMjali, dAnazIla-tapa-bhAva-saMvAda (DhAla 1 evaM usake pUrva ke dohe) (kha) vahI, dAna gItam (1-4)

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460 ___ mahopAdhyAya samayasundara : vyaktitva evaM kRtitva sUcita kiyA hai ki yadyapi dAna se puNya-karma kA bandha hotA hai aura yaha zubha bhAvoM meM pravRtti ke lie evaM sAMsArika AsaktiyoM se mukti dilAne meM sahAyaka hotA hai, kintu antataH yaha karmabandha hI hai aura karmabandha cAhe zubha bhI kyoM na ho, punaH saMsAra-prApti karAtA hai| samayasundara ne dAna pA~ca prakAra kA kahA hai - 1. abhayadAna, 2. supAtradAna, 3. anukampAdAna, 4. ucitadAna aura 5. kiirtidaan| samayasundara ne dAna ke sambandha meM eka prazna bhI upasthita kiyA hai ki zrAvaka yadi sAdhu ke alAvA anya darzaniyoM ko bhojanAdi dAna detA hai, to usake samyaktva meM doSa AtA hai yA nahIM? yadi vaha dAna detA hai, to asAdhu bhI sAdhu ke samAna ho jAyegA aura yadi vaha dAna nahIM detA hai, to yaha lokaviruddha hai evaM nirdayatA kA sUcaka hai| samayasundara isa samasyA kA samAdhAna karate hue kahate haiM ki mokSaphala ke rUpa meM dAna dete samaya pAtra-apAtra kA vicAra kiyA jAtA hai, kintu anukampA se anya darzaniyoM ko bhI bhojanAdidAna denA caahiye| unhoMne likhA hai ki sAdhu, sAdhvI, zrAvaka, zrAvikA - ye dAna dene ke lie supAtra haiN| 10.2 zIladharma ___jaina manISiyoM ne zIla ko bar3A mahattvapUrNa sthAna diyA hai / samayasundara zIla kA Adarza rUpa meM pAlana karane vAloM ke prati natamastaka the| zIla ke sambandha meM unakA vicAra hai ki yahI saMsAra meM sabase bar3I cIja hai| zIla rUpI AbhUSaNa kA dhAraka parama sundara lagatA hai aura vaha ziva-sukha-saMpadA ko prApta karatA hai| samayasundara kA kathana hai ki yadi koI svarNa kA jinamandira nirmita karavAtA hai aura karor3oM kA dAna detA hai to bhI vaha zIla kA pAlana karane vAle se bar3A nahIM hai| zIla kA itanA mAhAtmya hai, ki isase sabhI saMkaTa dUra ho jAte haiM, yaha saubhAgya aura yazakAraka hai, isase devoM kA sAnidhya prApta hotA hai| zIla ke pratApa se sarpa DasatA nahIM hai, agni zItala ho jAtI hai, ari-kari aura kezarI kA bhaya samApta ho jAtA hai| vastutaH isase bar3A vairAgya kucha nahIM hai| bhava-bhramaNa se mukti dilAne meM yaha pUrNata: samartha hai| ___samayasundara ke vicArAnusAra zIla surataru hai, jo jinezvara dvArA ropita hai| isakI surakSA karanA pratyeka zIlavAna ke lie Avazyaka hai| unhoMne brahmacArI ko apane brahmacarya 1. vahI, dAna-zIla-tapa-bhAva-saMvAda (DhAla 2 se pUrva, dohA 1-2) 2. cAturmAsika vyAkhyAna (patra 1) 3. vizeSa zataka (22) 4. samayasundara kRti kusumAMjali, prastAva savaiyA chattIsI (19) 5. samayasundara kRti kusubhAMjali, zIla gItam (1) 6. samayasundara kRti kusumAMjali, dAna-zIla-tapa-bhAva-saMvAda (DhAla 2 se pUrva dUhA 4-6)

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samayasundara kA vicAra-pakSa 461 kI rakSA ke liye nimnalikhita bAtoM se bacane kA nirdeza kiyA hai - 1. striyoM se AkIrNa sthAna, 2. manorama strI-kathA 3. striyoM kA paricaya, 4. unake aMgopAMgoM ko dekhanA, 5. unake kUjana, rodana, gIta aura hAsyayukta zabdoM ko sunanA, 6. bhukta bhogoM aura sahavAsa-sthAna ko smaraNa karanA, 7. ati pauSTika bhojana-pAna, 8. maryAdA se adhika bhojana-pAna, 9. zarIra ko bhaMgArita krnaa| ukta sabhI bAteM tyAjya haiN| inheM samayasundara ne 'nava vAr3a' nAma diye haiN| ina navavAr3oM ke dvArA zIla rUpI kalpavRkSa kI rakSA karanI caahiye| prabhutA isake patte haiM, sukha isake phUla haiM aura phala isakA mukti hai, jo atyanta manohara evaM madhura hai| samayasundara ne 'tapa' kA mAnavIkaraNa karake usake dvArA zIla kI nimnalikhita zabdoM meM nindA bhI karavAI sarasA bhojana tai tajyA, na gamai mIThI naad| deha taNI sobhA tajI, tujha nai kisyau svaad| nAri thakI Daratau rahai, kAyari kisyau bkhaann| kUDa kapaTa bahu kelavI, jima tima rAkhai prANa // ko biralau tujha Adarai, chAMDai sahu sNsaar| eka ApatuM bhAjatau, bIjA bhAMjai cyAra // 3 10.3 tapadharma samayasundara ne tapa ko zarIra evaM AtmA - donoM ke lie hitakara evaM lAbhadAyaka batAyA hai| unhoMne likhA hai ki tapa se kAyA nirmala hotI hai, icchAoM kA nirodha hotA hai, indriyA~ vaza meM hotI haiM, paramArtha siddha hotA hai aura samAja tapasvI kA Adara karatA hai| unhoMne eka sthAna para yaha bhI likhA hai ki tapa se kuSTAdika roga bhI samApta ho jAte haiN| uttama tapa se aTThAisa prakAra kI labdhiyA~ prApta hotI haiN| samayasundara ne tapa ke do bheda batAye haiM - 1. bAhya tapa aura 2. Abhyantara tp| bAhya tapa ke chaha bheda haiM- 1. anazana, 2. UnodarikA, 3. vRtti-saMkSepa, 4. rasa-parityAga, 5. kAyakleza aura 6.saMlInatA / ye mokSasAdhanA ke bahiraMga kAraNa haiM, ataH inheM bAhya tapa kahA jAtA hai| Abhyantara tapa ke bhI chaha bheda haiM- 1. prAyazcita, 2. vinaya, 3. vaiyAvRtya, 4. svAdhyAya, 5. dhyAna aura 6. vyutsarga (kaayotsrg)| ye mokSa-sAdhanA ke antaraMga 1. vahI, nava-vAr3a-zIla gItam (1-10) 2. vahI, nava-vAr3a-zIla gItam (11-12) 3. vahI, dAna-zIla-tapa-bhAva-saMvAda, pRSTha 587 4. samayasundara kRti kusumAMjali, tapa gItam, pRSTha 454 5. vahI, dAna-zIla-tapa-bhAva-saMvAda, pRSTha 587

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462 mahopAdhyAya samayasundara : vyaktitva evaM kRtitva kAraNa haiM, ataH inheM Abhyantara tapa kahA jAtA hai| samayasundara ne ye sabhI tapa karaNIya batalAye haiN| unakA upadeza hai ki Atma-rUpI vastra karma-rUpI maila se mailA ho gayA hai, use tapa rUpI jala se dhokara nirmala karanA caahiye| AtmarUpI vastra ke svaccha hone para hI tuma sundara mukti-ramaNI kA sukha prApta kara skoge| 10.4 bhAvadharma ___bhAvanA (anuprekSA) mana kA vaha bhAvAtmaka pahalU hai, jo sAdhaka ko usakI vastu-sthiti kA bodha karAtA hai| samayasundara ne bhAvanAoM kA mAhAtmya prarUpita karate hue kahA hai ki dAna, zIla, tapa aura bhAvanA ke bheda se dharma cAra prakAra kA hai, kintu ina caturvidha dharmoM meM bhAvanA hI sarvapradhAna evaM mahAprabhAvI hai| dAna, zIla, tapa meM bhI kevala bhAvoM kI pradhAnatA hai| vAstava meM bhAvanAzUnya dharma-karma saba nirarthaka haiN| ataH sabhI dharmoM meM bhAva hI pramukha hai, zeSa saba to gauNa haiN| samayasundara kahate haiM ki dharmAcArya to isa bAta kI sAkSI dete hI haiM, vyAkaraNAcArya bhI kahate haiM ki dAna, zIla, tapa - tInoM napuMsaka haiN| ataH bhAvavihIna ye tInoM upasthita hokara bhI zUnyavat haiN| jaise rasa ke binA kanaka kI utpatti, jala ke binA taruvara kI vRddhi aura namaka ke binA bhojana kA rasavAna honA asambhava hai, usI prakAra bhAva ke binA kisI prakAra kI siddhi nahIM hotI hai| yadi koI bhAvarahita hokara maMtra, tantra, maNi tathA auSadhi kI siddhi athavA deva, dharma, guru kI sevA-pUjA karatA hai, to saba vyartha hai| yathArthataH bhAva hI sadaiva phalIbhUta hotA hai| yahI mokSa kA sopAna samayasundara ne nimnalikhita bAraha bhAvanAoM ke cintavana meM lIna rahane kI preraNA dI hai - 1. anitya-bhAvanA- tana, mana, yauvana, AyuSya, kuTumba Adi sabhI kucha anitya evaM nAzavAn mAnanA anitya-bhAvanA hai| 2. azaraNa-bhAvanA- vairAgya-vRddhi ke lie dhana-kuTumbAdi kI azaraNatA kA cintavana azaraNa-bhAvanA hai| 3. ekatva-bhAvanA- apane karmoM kA phala bhogane meM sarva jIvoM kI asahAyatA kA cintavana ekatva-bhAvanA hai| 4. anyatva-bhAvanA- apane svarUpa ko dehAdi se bhinna dekhane kI bhAvanA anyatva __ bhAvanA hai| 1. (ka) dazavaikAlikavRtti (pRSTha 1) (kha) cAturmAsika vyAkhyAna (patra 1) 2. samayasundara kRti kusumAMjali, tapa gItam, pRSTha 454 3. sItArAma caupAI (4.1 se pUrva dUhA 1) 4. samayasundara kRti kusumAMjali, dAna-zIla-tapa-bhAva-saMvAda, pRSTha 589

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samayasundara kA vicAra-pakSa 463 5. saMsAra-bhAvanA- saMsAra meM janma-maraNa rUpa bhaya dekhate hue isase mukta hone kI bhAvanA kA punaH-punaH cintavana saMsAra-bhAvanA hai| 6. loka-bhAvanA- loka kI racanA, AkRti, svarUpa para vicAra karate hue yaha cintavana kare ki usakA AcAra aisA ho, jisase usakI AtmA patana ke sthAnoM ko chor3akara Urdhvaloka meM janma le arthAt lokAgra para jAkara mukti prApta kare - isa prakAra kA cintana karanA loka-bhAvanA hai| 7. azuci-bhAvanA- zarIra kI azucitA kA bAra-bAra cintana karanA azuci-bhAvanA 8. Azrava-bhAvanA- mohajanya bhAvoM ko aura mana-vacana-kAyA kI pravRttiyoM kI heyatA kA cintana Azrava-bhAvanA hai| 9. saMvara-bhAvanA- karmoM ke Agamana ko rokane ke upAyoM para vicAra karanA saMvara bhAvanA hai| 10. nirjarA-bhAvanA- pUrva meM bandhe hue karmoM ko naSTa karane ke upAyoM kA vicAra karanA nirjarA-bhAvanA hai| 11. dharma-bhAvanA- janma-jarA-maraNa rUpa isa duHkhamaya saMsAra meM dharma kA hI rakSakarUpa - meM cintavana karanA dharma-bhAvanA hai| 12. bodhi-bhAvanA- bodhi prApta karane ke lie arihanta vItarAga kA nAma evaM unake Adarza guNoM kA bAra-bAra smaraNa karanA bodhi-bhAvanA hai| samayasundara ne ukta bAraha bhAvanAoM kA bAra-bAra cintavana karane kI salAha dI hai| ye sabhI bhAvanAe~ karma-jaMjIroM ko tor3ane meM samartha haiN| dAna, zIla, tapa ke sAtha bhAva bhI ho, to dharma sAdhaka ko mukti avazyameva pradAna kregaa| 11. dhyAna dhyAna eka aisA mAdhyama hai, jo dhyAtA kA dhyeya ke sAtha ekatA sthApita karatA hai| prathamataH dhyAna sAlamba hotA hai, kintu anta meM dhyAtA sAlamba dhyAna se nirAlamba tattva ko prApta kara letA hai| samayasundara kahate haiM ki tIrthaGkara-dhyAna rUpa sUrya ke udita hone para moha-mithyAtva rUpa andhakAra samApta ho jAtA hai| unake vicArAnusAra utkRSTa dhyAna rUpI uddipta agni se manuSya aneka bhavoM meM saMcita, upArjita samasta karmoM kA nAza kara sakatA hai| 1. samayasundara kRti kusumAMjali, bAraha bhAvanA gItam, pRSTha 459-60 2. vahI, pRSTha 460 3. vahI, bhAvanA gItam, pRSTha 454 4. saptasmaraNastavavRtti, dvitIyasmaraNam, pRSTha 18 5. vahI, pRSTha 18-19

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mahopAdhyAya samayasundara : vyaktitva evaM kRtitva samayasundara dhyAna aura prANAyAma kI carcA karate hue kahate haiM ki dhyAna ke yatheSTa Asana meM baiThakara prANa vAyu ko uDDayana-bandha se Abaddha kara ardhonmIlita netroM kI nAsAgra dRSTi se yuta hokara mana ko niyantrita karake antarAtmA taka paiThA jA sakatA hai, athavA prANa vAyu ko bAraha aMgula pramANa bAhara nikAla kara use vahIM roke rakhanA, isI prakAra prANa vAyu ko bhItara roka denA yA phira prANa vAyu kA bAhara - bhItara recana karanA prANAyAma kI ye tIna vidhiyA~, jinheM kramaza: pUraka, kumbhaka tathA recaka kahA jAtA hai, mana ko ekAgra karane meM parama sahAyaka haiM / samayasundara kA kahanA hai ki manovijaya se hI Atma-vijaya sambhava hai / 464 isa taraha yaha spaSTataH kahA jA sakatA hai ki samayasundara para dhyAna ke kSetra meM yogakuNDalinI upaniSad evaM pAtaMjalayoga-darzana se lekara uttaravartI jaina AcAryoM kA bhI prabhAva rahA hai| 12. apramatta-jAgaraNa rAga-dveSa vihIna Atma- jAgRti hI apramatta jAgaraNa hai / samayasundara ke anusAra pratyeka manuSya ko AtmA ke prati sadaiva jAgRta rahanA caahiye| Atma-svabhAva arthAt adhyAtma ke prati anutsAhita nahIM rahanA cAhiye / nidrAdhIna, pramAdI yA AlasI vyakti unakI dRSTi meM sadaiva apane samaya ko vyartha kho detA hai / samayasundara Atma- jAgRti hetu udbodhana dete hue kahate haiM ki jAgo ! jIvana ko badalo / prabhAta ho gayA hai, dharma-mArga para pravRtta ho jaao| suSuptAvasthA meM bhaya hI bhaya hai / jAgRta ko koI bhaya nahIM hai / ataH Alasya pramAda ko tyAga denA cAhiye / 2 jaise-jaise dina aura rAtriyA~ jAtI haiM, vaise-vaise manuSya kA AyuSya ghaTatA jAtA hai / manuSya janma niSphala siddha na ho, yaha dhyAna meM rakhanA caahiye| bhalA, caudaha pUrvadhArI jJAnI vyakti ko bhI pramAdavazAt nigoda meM jAnA par3A, to tuma to alpajJAnI ho / ataH tumhArI kyA gati hogI? jago bhAI jago ! dharma-sUrya udita ho gayA hai, a~dhakAra vinaSTa ho gayA hai / samayasundara ne moha-mAyA kI nidrA ke nivAraNArtha bAra-bAra preraNA dI hai| unakA kahanA hai ki manuSya kA antaraMga aura bahiraMga - donoM jAgRta rahane cAhiye / unhoMne likhA hai ki he mAnava! tuma vizvasta hokara nidrAdhIna mata bno| sarpa tumhAre sirahAne hI soyA huA hai, cora tumhAre pIche-pIche phira rahA hai, AkramaNa kara degaa| tumheM isa bAta se 1. samayasundara kRti kusumAMjali, adhyAtma sajjhAya, pRSTha 477 2. (ka) vahI, sUtA jagAvaNa gItam, pRSTha 427 (kha) vahI, pramAdatyAgagItam, pRSTha 428 (ga) vahI, pramAdaparityAga gItam, pRSTha 428

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samayasundara kA vicAra - pakSa gAphila nahIM honA cAhiye / samayasundara kahate haiM ki maiMne so-sokara rAtri vyatIta kara dI, patA nahIM, yaha vairinI nidrA kahA~ se A jAtI hai / nidrA kahatI hai ki yadyapi maiM bar3I bholI-bhAlI hU~, kintu bar3e-bar3e munijanoM ko bhI parAsta kara detI huuN| vaha kahatI hai ki vastutaH maiM yama kI dAsI huuN| mere eka hAtha meM mukti hai, to dUsare hAtha meM phA~sI / samayasundara kahate haiM ki he baniyA ! yadi tuma DUba gae, to tumhArI sArI duniyA bhI DUba jAegI arthAt yadi tuma mara gae, to tumhAre dvArA basAI gaI duniyA bhI samApta ho jaaegii| samayasundara kAyA ke dvArA jIva ko kahalAte haiM ki he mere svAmI kanta jIva ! tuma jAgRta raho / dharma - dhyAna kA sukha bhogo aura bhagavAna ke nAma kA smaraNa karo / yadi hama jAgRta haiM, to hamArA dhana hamAre pAsa rahegA, koI bhI hameM dhokhA nahIM de sakatA / 3 13. manogata mana bar3A zaitAna evaM caMcala hai / samayasundara kahate haiM ki AtmA ko to kisI na kisI prakAra samajhA jA sakatA hai, athavA samajhAyA jA sakatA hai, kintu mana ko samajhanA yA samajhAnA mahAduSkara hai| ise samajhA bhI kaise jAya? sonA ho to usameM suhAgA milA, tapAkara pAnIvat banA sakate haiN| lohA hotA to use bhI Thoka-pITakara barAbara banAyA jA sakatA thaa| hAthI-ghor3oM ko bhI kisI prakAra vaza meM kiyA jA sakatA hai, kintu mana kA to koI AkAra hI nahIM hai aura vaha kisI prakAra apanI caMcalatA chor3atA hI nhiiN| thor3e samaya ke lie bhI dhyAna meM sthira nahIM hotA / samayasundara ne svayaM ise jJAna-dhyAna se vaza meM karanA cAhA, kintu yaha unake hAtha bhI na laga skaa| kavivara kahate haiM ki bhalA, jo yogI-muniyoM ke vaza na ho sake, vaha sarvasAmAnya ke vaza meM kaise ho sakatA hai ? 4 14. mana- -zuddhi I pratyeka sAdhaka ke mana kI vizuddhi nitAnta aparihArya hai / samayasundara kA kathana hai ki mana yadi malasikta hai, to sAdhanA kabhI bhI phalIbhUta nahIM ho sakatI / manaH zuddhi ke binA koI mukti nahIM pA sakatA / ve kahate haiM, yadi manaH zuddhi nahIM huI, to bhale tuma mastaka para keza-jaTA dhAraNa karo, mastaka muMDAo, vana meM rahakara kSudhA - tRSA ko sahI, tIrtha-snAna karo, sAdhu-veza aMgIkAra karo, bhasma lagAo, veda-purANoM kA paThana-pAThana karo athavA loka meM bhakta kahalAo, kintu inase kisI bhI taraha kA koI lAbha nahIM hai / dekhiye samayasundara ke zabdoM meM - 1. samayasundara kRti kusumAMjali, aMtaraMgabAhyanidrAnivAraNa gItam, pRSTha 435 2. vahI, nidrA gItam, pRSTha 436 3. vahI, aMtaraMgabAhyanidrAnivAraNa gItam, pRSTha 435 4. samayasundara kRti kusumAMjali, mana - sajjhAya 429 465

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466 mahopAdhyAya samayasundara : vyaktitva evaM kRtitva eka mana suddhi bina kou mugati na jaai| bhAvai tUM kesa jaTA dhari mastaki, bhAvai tUM muMDa muNddaai| bhAvai tUM bhUkha tRSA sahi vana rahi, bhAvai tUM tIratha nhaai| bhAvai tUM sAdhu bhekha dhari bahupari, bhAvai tUM bhasama lgaai| bhAvai tUM par3hi guNi veda purANA, bhAvai tUM bhagata khaai| ukta bAta ko hI kavi ne nimna prakAra se bhI abhivyakta kiyA hai - kolo karAvau muMDa muMDAvau, jaTA dharau ko nagana rhu| ko tappa tapau paMcAgani sAdhau, kAsI karavata kaSTa shu|| ko bhikSA mAMgau bhasma lagAvau mauna rahau bhAvai kRSNa khu| samayasundara kahai mana zuddhi pAkhai, mugati sukha kima hI na lhu||2 samayasundara kA kahanA hai ki mana ko sadaiva nirmala rakhane kA prayAsa karanA caahiye| mana ke vizodhana kI prakriyA batAte hue samayasundara kahate haiM ki jinazAsana rUpI eka sarovara hai, samyaktva usakI pAla hai, dAna-zIla-tapa-bhAva cAra daravAje haiN| usa sarovara meM nava tattvoM kA vizAla kamala prasphuTita hai| usameM muni rUpI haMsa taira rahe haiM, jo tapa, japa, zama, dama Adi kA nIra pIte haiM aura AtmA ko prakSAlita karate haiN| aise sarovara meM he dhobI ! tuma apane mana rUpa mailI dhotI ko svaccha kro| tapa ke tApa meM use tapAnA, AlocanA kI sAbuna se dhonaa| jaba aThAraha pApoM ke dAga ur3a jAe~, taba tatkAla tumhArI mana rUpI dhotI ujjvala ho jaaegii| samayasundara kahate haiM ki isa mana rUpI dhotI ko eka bAra dho lene ke bAda bhI sadaiva pavitra aura zuddha rakhanA, kyoMki yaha mana rUpI dhotI bar3I vilakSaNa hai|3 15.trividha sAdhanA-mArga samayasundara ke anusAra pratyeka sAdhaka kA gantavya sthala mukti hai| sAdhaka ko mukti prApta karane ke lie mukti-mArga se yAtrA karanI hogii| mukti-mArga kI vyAkhyA karate hue samayasundara kahate haiM, 'muktau muktipattane mArga iva muktimArgaH' arthAt mokSa rUpI nagara kA jo patha hai, vahI mukti mArga hai| samayasundara mukti kI prApti ke lie trividha sAdhanA mArga prastuta karate haiN| 1. vahI, manaHzuddhi gItam, pRSTha 434 2. samayasundara kRti kusumAMjali, prastAva savaiyA chattIsI, pRSTha 518 3. vahI, manadhobI gItam, pRSTha 430 4. saptasmaraNavRtti, dvitIyasmaraNa, pRSTha 19

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samayasundara kA vicAra- pakSa 467 samyagjJAna aura samyak cAritra samyagjJAna, samyagdarzana aura samyak cAritra - yahI mukti-mArga hai| jainadharma meM samyagdarzana, isa krama se trividhi sAdhanA-mArga kA vidhAna kiyA gayA hai| jJAna athavA darzana meM pUrva-pazca cAhe jisa kisI ko rakha sakate haiM, kyoMki binA jJAna ke darzana samyak nahIM ho sakatA aura binA darzana ke jJAna samyak nahIM ho sakatA / jJAna, darzana, cAritra - tInoM kI pUrNatA Avazyaka hai / - 15.1 samyagjJAna isakI vyAkhyA karate hue samayasundara batAte haiM 'yastattattvAgamaH sa jJAnam '3 arthAt tattva kA avagamana yAni use samajhanA hI jJAna hai / dravya kA anya nirapekSa nija svabhAva yA sarvasva - yahI tattva se abhiprAya hai / tattva nau haiM - jIva, ajIva, bandha, puNya, pApa, Azrava, saMvara, nirjarA aura mokSa | jJAna kA mAhAtmya batAte hue samayasundara kahate haiM ki jJAna saMsAra meM utkRSTa vastu hai / yaha muktidAtA hai| yaha dIpaka hai, jo sAdhaka ke sAdhanA - mArga ko Alokita karatA hai | jJAna- locanoM kA suvilAsaka hai, yaha loka aura aloka - donoM kA prakAza hai athavA prakAzaka hai| jJAna ke abhAva meM manuSya pazu hai / " 1 samayasundara ke anusAra cAritra kI apekSA jJAna sarvaprathama hai / ve kahate haiM ki pahale jJAna, bAda meM kriyA honI cAhiye, kyoMki jJAna ke samAna anya kucha nahIM hai / jJAnI vyakti kA jJAna to marane ke bAda bhI usake sAtha sarvatra calatA hai, jabaki kriyA- cAritra to isI janma taka sAtha hai / 7 jJAna aura dayA kI carcA karate hue samayasundara kahate haiM ki dayA se bhI pahale jJAna Avazyaka hai / unake anusAra jaba taka vyakti jJAna ke dvArA jIva ke svarUpa ko, usake rakSaNa ke upAya ko tathA usase bhaviSya meM prApta hone vAle phala ko nahIM jAnegA, , taba taka vaha dayA athavA kriyA kyoM, kaise aura kisakI karegA?" 1. samayasundara kRti kusumAMjali, cAra maMgala gItam, pRSTha 482 2. tattvArtha sUtra (1.1) 3. vizeSa zatakam (66) 4. nau tattvoM para samayasundara ke vicAroM ko savistAra jAnane ke lie draSTavya hai, unhIM kI likhita 'navatattva prakaraNa vRtti' / 5. samayasundara kRti kusumAMjali, zrI jJAnapaMcamI vRhatstavanam, pRSTha 236 6. vahI, jJAnapaMcamI laghustavanam, pRSTha 239 7. vahI, jJAnapaMcamI vRhatstavanam, pRSTha 236 8. dazavaikAlikasUtravRtti, pRSTha 21

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468 mahopAdhyAya samayasundara : vyaktitva evaM kRtitva samayasundara ke vicArAnusAra ekAkI jJAna bhI sArthaka nahIM hai| samAcarita jJAna hI phaladAyaka ho sakatA hai| yadi kriyAsahita jJAna hai, to vaha dugdhabharita zaMkha ke samAna samayasundara kA vicAra hai ki jJAna na kevala mokSa-sukhadAyaka hai, apitu laukika sukha pradAna karane meM bhI sahAyaka hai| vyavahArika jagat meM jJAna kA apanA mahattva hai| ve apane ziSyoM ko athavA ziSyoM ke mAdhyama se sabhI sAdhuoM ko sambodhita karate hue kahate haiM, 'bhaNau re celA bhAI bhaNau re bhaNau!' ve adhyayana kA phala batAte haiM ki jJAnI vyakti ko bahuta Adara-sammAna prApta hotA hai, vihAra (pada-yAtrA) acchI taraha hotA hai, acche vastra pahanane ko milate haiM, pAThaka, vAcaka Adi sammAnanIya upAdhiyA~ prApta hotI haiM; jabaki anapar3ha-ajJAnI vyakti pApa karatA huA aura utpIr3ita dekhA jAtA hai| vAstava meM adhyayana isa loka aura paraloka - donoM meM lAbhadAyaka evaM zobhAkAraka hai| samayasundara ne jJAna ke pA~ca bheda batAe haiM - 1. mati jJAna, 2. zruta jJAna, 3. avadhi jJAna, 4. manaHparyava jJAna aura 5. kevala jJAna / 15.1.1 matijJAna __ indriyAbhimukha viSayoM kA grahaNa matijJAna hai| samayasundara ne isake aTThAIsa bheda batAe haiN| 15.1.2 zrutajJAna dhUma ko dekhakara vahni ko jAnane kI taraha artha se arthAntara kA grahaNa karane vAlA mana evaM indriyoM kI sahAyatA se hone vAlA parokSajJAna athavA vAcaka se vAcyArtha ko grahaNa karane vAlA zabdaliMgaja jJAna zrutajJAna hai| samayasundara ne zruta ke caudaha bheda kahe haiN|' 15.1.3 avadhijJAna maryAdita deza-kAla kI apekSA antarita kucha dravyoM ko tathA unake kucha sUkSma bhAvoM taka ko eka sImA taka pratyakSa karane vAlA jJAna-vizeSa avadhijJAna hai| samayasundara ke anusAra isake bheda asaMkhya haiN|6 1. samayasundara kRti kusumAMjali, jJAnapaMcamIvRhatstavanam, pRSTha 236 2. vahI, paThanapreraNA gItam, pRSTha 436-437 3. vahI, jJAnapaMcamI laghustavanam, pRSTha 240 4. vahI, jJAnapaMcamI laghustavanam, pRSTha 240 5. samayasundara kRti kusumAMjali, jJAnapaMcamI laghustavanam, pRSTha 240 6. vahI, jJAnapaMcamI vRhatstavanam, pRSTha 236

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samayasundara kA vicAra- pakSa 15.1.4 manaH paryava jJAna dUsare kI mana kI bAta pratyakSa jAna lene vAlA jJAna manaHparyava jJAna hai / samayasundara ne isake do bheda batAe haiM / ' 15.1.5 kevalajJAna indriya Adi se nirapekSa tathA sarvagrAhI AtmajJAna kevalajJAna hai / samayasundara likhate haiM ki kevalajJAna abheda hone se yaha eka hI prakAra kA hotA hai / kevalajJAna kA varNana karate hue samayasundara likhate haiM - caMdra sUraja graha nakSatra tArA, tesUM teja AkAza re / kevalajJAna samau nahIM koI, lokAloka prakAsa re // 2 15.2 samyagdarzana samayasundara ke matAnusAra samyagdarzana kA artha hai- 'avagateSu tattveSu ruciH paramA zraddhA AtmanaH pariNAmavizeSarUpA sA samyagdarzanam / 3 arthAt jJAta tattvoM meM ruci aura AtmA kI pariNAma vizeSa jo parama zraddhA hai, vahI samyagdarzana hai| samayasundara ne samyagdarzanaM ke lie samyaktva zabda kA prayoga kiyA hai / samyaktva kI paribhASA unhoMne uparokta paribhASA se kucha bhinna kI hai| unhoMne likhA hai, 'devagurudharmatattvatrayazraddhAn svarUpaM samyaktvam arthAt deva, guru aura dharma ke prati saccI zraddhA rakhanA hI samyaktva hai / saMkSepa meM yaha kahA jA sakatA hai ki samayasundara ke anusAra samyagzraddhA hI samyagdarzana hai, samyaktva hai I 14 1 samayasundara kI mAnyatA hai ki samyaktva prApta hone para hI jJAna aura cAritra sArthaka siddha hote haiN| binA samyaktva yA darzana ke jJAna aura cAritra kA koI mUlya nahIM hai|" samayasundara ke anusAra samyaktva jainadharma kA marma hai aura sabhI dharmoM kA yaha mUla hai| samayasundara kA kahanA hai ki samyaktva kI prApti bahuta kaThina hai / mukti ke AkAMkSI ko samyaktva kI ArAdhanA sarvaprathama karanI cAhiye, kyoMki isakI prApti hone para mukti avazya milatI hai| samyaktva tIna prakAra kA hotA hai. 1. kSAyika samyaktva, 9. vahI, jJAnapaMcamI laghustavanam, pRSTha 240 2 . vahI, jJAnapaMcamI laghustavanam, pRSTha 240 3. vizeSazataka, pRSTha 66 469 4. zrAvakArAdhanA (patra 1 ) 5. saptasmaraNavRtti, caturthasmaraNa, pRSTha 31 6. (ka) yati-ArAdhanA (patra 1), (kha) zrAvakArAdhanA ( patra 1 )

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470 mahopAdhyAya samayasundara : vyaktitva evaM kRtitva 2. kSAyopazamika samyaktva aura 3. aupazamika samyaktva / ati- vizuddha jIva kSAyika samyaktva prApta karatA hai aura mandavizuddha jIva aupazamika samyaktva / ' 15.3 samyak cAritra AdhyAtmika jIvana kI pUrNatA ke lie jJAna aura darzana (zraddhA) jitanA jarUrI hai, utanA hI jarUrI cAritra - AcaraNa hai| isa sambandha meM samayasundara spaSTa likhate haiM, 'na kevalaM jJAnameva darzanasahitaM mokSakaraM, kintu cAritramapi darzanasahitaM eva mokSasAdhakaM bhavati / 2 arthAt na kevala darzana sahita jJAna mokSakara hai, apitu darzanasahita cAritra bhI mokSa-sAdhaka hotA hai| unake anusAra samyaktva upalabdha hone para kriyA rUpa cAritra kI pravRtti saphala hotI hai| vastuta: cAritra samyaktva aura jJAna - donoM kA anugAmI huA karatA hai| samayasundara apane ziSyoM ko upadeza dete hue kahate haiM ki cAritrazUnya puruSa kA vipula jJAna bhI vyartha hI hai / ve kahate haiM ki kriyA sahita jJAna lAbhadAyaka hotA hai, kriyAvihIna jJAna vyartha hai aura ajJAniyoM kI kriyA vyartha hai / ekAkI jJAna to paMgu vyakti ke samAna hai| jaise paMgu vyakti vana meM lagI Aga ko dekhate hue bhI bhAgane meM asamartha hone se jala maratA hai aura andhA vyakti daur3ate hue bhI dekhane meM asamartha hone se jala maratA hai; ata: jJAna aura kriyA ke saMyoga se hI phala kI prApti hotI hai, jaise ki paMgu aura andhA donoM yadi mila jAyeM to apane ko vana meM lagI Aga meM jalane se bacA sakate haiM / " samayasundara apane ziSyoM ko kriyA ke lie preraNA dete hue kahate haiM ki ziSyo ! tuma kriyA karo, tAki tumhArA nistAra ho / pramAda aura Alasya kA tyAga kara do| kriyAvanta dekhane meM bhI bar3A acchA lagatA hai aura karmoM se mukta bhI hotA hai| samayasundara ne cAritra ke sambandha meM jina tathyoM kA ullekha kiyA hai, unase yaha lagatA hai ki ve cAritra ke samyak paripAlana ke lie vyavahAra cAritra aura nizcaya cAritra donoM kI vidyamAnatA aparihArya mAnate haiM / vrata samiti Adi kA pAlana vyavahAra - cAritra hai aura nijasvarUpa meM sthitirUpa, moha - kSobhavihIna samatA yA prazAnta bhAva nizcaya - cAritra hai / vyavahAra cAritra kA lakSya nizcaya cAritra hai / vastutaH nizcaya cAritra ke lie hI vyavahAra cAritra hai / isa prakAra hama dekhate haiM ki samayasundara dvArA mAnya prastuta trividha sAdhanA - mArga 1. vizeSazatakam (65) 2. saptasmaraNavRtti, caturthasmaraNa, pRSTha 31 3. vahI, pRSTha 31 4. vahI, pRSTha 32 5. samayasundara kRti kusumAMjali, kriyApreraNA gItam, pRSTha 437-38 6. vahI, kriyApreraNA gItam, pRSTha 438

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samayasundara kA vicAra- pakSa 471 atyanta prazasta hai / isa sAdhanA meM vyakti kA mastiSka, hRdaya aura kAyA tInoM kA yoga rahatA hai| vastutaH samayasundara ne jisa sAdhanA - patha ko svIkAra kiyA hai, vaha atyanta manovaijJAnika hai / samyagjJAna, samyagdarzana aura samyagcAritra - ina tInoM kI sAdhanA ke lie mithyAtva kA visarjana honA anivArya hai| mithyAtva kA AvaraNa haTane para samyaktva ke sUrya kA prakAza prakAzita ho jAtA hai| 16. karma jaina granthoM meM karma sambandhI vicAra sUkSmatama vyavasthita aura atyanta vistRta haiN| karmoM kI zubhAzubha prakRti ke anusAra zubhAzubha phala prApta hone kI dhAraNA meM samayasundara kA aTUTa vizvAsa thA / 'jIva nai karama mAho mAMhi saMbaMdha anAdi kAla nau 1 kahakara unhoMne AtmA aura karma kA anAdi sambandha batAyA hai / -- samayasundara ne karma kA astitva do prakAra se siddha kiyA hai - 1. pratyakSa pramANa se aura 2. anumAna pramANa se / jIva puNyakarma se puNyAtmA hotA hai aura pApakarma se pApAtmA hotA hai - yaha pratyakSa pramANa se siddha hai / isa loka meM saubhAgya, daurbhAgya, virUpatA, daridratA Adi kA koI kAraNa honA cAhiye, kyoMki kArya kA koI kAraNa avazya hotA hai, jaise ghaTa kA kAraNa mRttikA aura paTa kA kAraNa usake tantu - yaha anumAna pramANa se siddha hai / 2 jainadarzana meM karma ko dravyakarma aura bhAvakarma ke rUpa meM jar3a-cetanamaya mAnA gayA hai / isa sambandha meM unhoMne likhA hai karama acetana kama huyau karatA, kahai kima sakiyai thApI re / paramesara piNa kima huyai karatA, dyai dukha tau te pApI re // ArIsA mAMhi muhar3au dIsara, kahau te pudgala kehA re / jIva sarUpI karama arUpI, kima sambandha saMdehA re // jinasAsana ziva sAsana pracchU, pustaka pAnA vAMcuM re / samayasundara kahai sAMsau na bhAgau, bhagavata kahai te sAMcaM re // 3 samayasundara kA karma - siddhAnta hai - jaisI karaNI, vaisI bharaNI / unakA kahanA hai ki jisa samaya jIva jaisA bhAva karatA hai, vaha usa samaya vaise hI karmabandha karatA hai aura karma-vipAka kA udaya hone para vaha usI ke anurUpa zubha-azubha phala prApta karatA hai| samayasundara anIzvaravAdI vicAradhArA ke the; ataH unakA isa bAta meM bilkula 1. samayasundara kRti kusumAMjali, jIva-karma-sambandha gItam, pRSTha 442 2. kalpalatA, pRSTha 152 3. samayasundara kRti kusumAMjali, sandeha gItam, pRSTha 442

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472 mahopAdhyAya samayasundara : vyaktitva evaM kRtitva vizvAsa nahIM thA ki Izvara manuSya kA acchA yA burA kucha bhI kara sakatA hai| pratyeka jIva karmAdhIna hai| yadi vaha zubha karma karatA hai, to use zubha phala kI prApti hogI aura yadi vaha azubha karma karatA hai, to use azubha phala kI prApti hogii| samayasundara likhate haiM ki karma-mukti hI mokSa hai| AtmA jJAnAvaraNIya, darzanAvaraNIya, vedanIya, mohanIya, AyuSya, nAma, gotra aura antarAya - ina ATha karmoM se AvRtta hai| karmoM ke vyapagata hote hI AtmA zAzvatagati rUpa mokSa ko prApta karatA hai| yadi jIva ko hama candramA mAneM, to karma ko megha kaha sakate haiN| karma rUpI megha kA AvaraNa ho jAne se AtmArUpI candramA kI jJAnAdi rUpa kiraNeM prakaTa nahIM ho sktiiN| jaise-jaise karma-megha Atma-candra ke Age se haTeMge, vaise-vaise AtmA rUpI candramA kI vibhA prakaTa hotI jaaegii| jisa samaya karma-megha pUrNataH haTa jAyeMge, AtmA mukta ho jaayegii| samayasundara ke matAnusAra karma se chuTakArA pAnA bar3A kaThina hai| yaha atula balazAlI hai| tIrthaGkara, cakravartI, vAsudeva, baladeva Adi atulabalI mahApuruSa bhI karma ke caMgula meM pha~se haiN| unakA upadeza hai, 'jIva achai karameM tUM jIto, piNahiva jIpi tUM karma'6 arthAt pahale to tuma karma se vijita ho gaye the, aba tuma karma ko vijita kro| kiye hue karmoM ko bhoge binA athavA kSaya kiye binA chuTakArA nahIM mila sktaa| samayasundara ne mukhyataH karma ke do bheda mAne haiM - puNyakarma aura paapkrm| 16.1 puNyakarma __ zubha karma ko puNya kahate haiN| samayasundara ne abhayadAna, supAtradAna, anukampAdAna, sAdhu-zrAvaka-dharma, tIrtha-yAtrA, zIla-dharma, tapa, dhyAna, sAmAyika, pauSadha, pratikramaNa, deva-pUjA, guru-sevA - ye puNya ke bheda batAe haiN| unhoMne puNya karane ke lie preraNA dI 1. vahI, prastAva savaiyA chattIsI, pRSTha 515-16 2. (ka) vahI, karma chattIsI, pRSTha 526 (kha) kalpalatA (kalpasUtra-TIkA), pRSTha 151 3. saptasmaraNastavavRtti, prathamasmaraNa, pRSTha 2 4. samayasundara kRti kusumAMjali, karmachattIsI, pRSTha 532 5. thAvaccAsuta RSi-caupAI (khaNDa 1, DhAla 5 se pUrva dUhA 4) 6. saptasmaraNastavavRtti, prathamasmaraNa, pRSTha 2 7. (ka) samayasundara kRti kusumAMjali, karmagItam, pRSTha 440 (kha) vahI, karmachattIsI, pRSTha 526 8. kalpalatA, pRSTha 151 9. samayasundara kRti kusumAMjali, puNya-chattIsI, pRSTha 532

Page #488
samayasundara kA vicAra-pakSa 473 hai aura kahA hai ki isake phala pratyakSa dikhAI dete haiN| yaha pApa kA nAzaka aura sukha kA kartA hai| puNya ke binA bodhi-bIja kI prApti nahIM ho sktii| 16.2 pApakarma ___azubha karma ko pApa kahate haiN| jJAnAvaraNa Adi azubha karma hI pApa haiN| jIva ko pApakarma ke kAraNa hI vividha prakAra ke kaSTa uThAne par3ate haiN| samayasundara ne jaina paramparA meM svIkRta aThAraha prakAra ke pApoM kA ullekha kiyA hai| ve haiM - 1. prANAtipAta, 2. mRSAvAda, 3. adattAdAna, 4. maithuna, 5. parigraha, 6. krodha, 7. mAna, 8. mAyA, 9. lobha, 10. rAga, 11. dveSa, 12. kalaha, 13. abhyAkhyAna, 14. paizUnya, 15. rati-arati, 16. paraparivAda, 17. mAyAmRSAvAda, 18. mithyaatvshly| samayasundara ne puNya-karma ko karaNIya batAyA hai aura pApa-karma ko tyaajy| 17. kaSAya kaSAya AtmA kA vaibhAvika dharma hai| yaha mana kI vikRta dazA hai| samayasundara ne cAra kaSAya batAye haiM - 1. krodha, 2. mAna, 3. mAyA aura 4. lobh| ye cAroM hI AtmaghAtaka vikAra haiN| unhoMne ina cAroM kaSAyoM ko pApa kahA hai| unakA kahanA hai ki kaSAya jaisI ghAtaka anya koI vastu nahIM hai| viSa to manuSya ko kevala eka bAra hI mAratA hai, kintu kaSAya ananta samaya taka mAratA hai| 17.1 krodha yaha kSamA kA zatru hai| samayasundara ke vicArAnusAra kisI bhI vyakti ko krodha nahIM karanA cAhiye, kyoMki yaha krodhI ko to Atapta karatA hI hai, sAtha hI sAtha dUsare ko bhI tapAtA hai| krodha karate hue tapa-japa karanA arthahIna hai, vaha lekhe nahIM laga sktaa| samayasundara kahate haiM ki vyakti pahale to krodha grasta ho jAtA hai, lekina bAda meM pachatAtA hai; phira duHkhI hokara karma ko doSI batAtA hai| ataeva krodha kA parityAga kara denA cAhiye aura usake sthAna para kSamA dhAraNa karanI caahiye| 1. samayasundara kRti kusumAMjali, puNya chattIsI, pRSTha 532 2. vahI, zrI AdIzvara 98 putra pratibodha gItam, pRSTha 253 3. (ka) vahI, aThAraha pApasthAnaka gItam, pRSTha 483 (kha) SaDAvazyakabAlAvabodha (isa kRti meM aSTAdaza pApoM kI savistAra vyAkhyA hai|) 4. zrAvakArAdhanA (patra 2) 5. vahI (patra 1) 6. samayasundara kRti kusumAMjali, kSamA-chattIsI, pRSTha 525 7. vahI, pRSTha 525 8. vahI, krodhanivAraNa gItam, pRSTha 449

Page #489
474 mahopAdhyAya samayasundara : vyaktitva evaM kRtitva 17.2 mAna mAna vinaya kA vinAzaka hai| samayasundara kahate haiM ki Ajakala yatra-tatrasarvatra huMkAra adhika sunAI par3atI hai| sabhI meM 'hU~' (maiM) bharA par3A hai| are bhAI! tuma ati mAna kisalie kara rahe ho? isa jagat meM patA nahIM kitane Ae haiM aura kitane cale gaye, to tuma kisa gAna meM guma ho gae ho? tumheM bhI Aja yA kala antataH maranA hI hai, phira mAna kisakA aura kyoM? jisa saMsAra ke liye tuma ahaMkAra kara rahe ho, vaha to sArazUnya hai| ata: ahaMkAra kA parityAga kara denA caahiye| samayasundara kahate haiM ki kisI bhI vyakti ke sabhI dina eka samAna nahIM huA krte| dinakara prabhAta-kAla meM udita hotA hai; saMdhyAkAla meM asta ho jAtA hai| isa taraha eka dina meM do avasthA ho jAtI hai| vastutaH utAra-car3hAva hotA rahatA hai| Aja jo U~cA hai, kala vahI nIcA ho jAtA hai aura jo nIcA thA, Aja vaha U~cA ho jAtA hai| jaba utAra-car3hAva jIvana ke sAtha jur3A huA hai, taba abhimAna karanA mUr3hatA hai| samayasundara likhate haiM ki sabhI loga dUsaroM se Age bar3hane ke lie pratispardhA kara rahe haiN| unake anusAra dUsaroM kI hor3a karanA acchA nahIM hai| yaha hor3a abhimAna kA poSaNa karatI hai| ataH hameM abhimAna to karanA hI nahIM cAhiye, sAtha hI sAtha usake poSaka-tattvoM se bhI dUra rahanA caahiye| 17.3 mAyA ____ bhAratIya darzana meM mAyA ko mahAghAtaka batAyA gayA hai| samayasundara bhI ise vaisA hI mAnate haiN| sAdhaka ko mukti se vimukha rakhane meM mAyA pradhAna hai| ve mAyA kA prabhAva batAte hue kahate haiM ki mAyA kAramI (dhUrttA yA ThaginI) hai| kAyA kI mAyA meM sArA saMsAra vilubdha hokara duHkhita ho rahA hai| loga mAyA ke lobha meM hI deza-videza meM bhaTakate haiM, aTavI yA vana meM jAte haiN| mAyA ke vazIbhUta hokara loga jahAja meM dezAntaraparyaTana karate haiM, kintu ve bIca meM hI DUba jAte haiN| samayasundara mAyA kA duSpariNAma batAte hue kahate haiM ki loga mAyA kA bahuta saMgraha karate haiM, jo ki lobha kA lakSaNa hai aura anta meM bhaya ke mAre bhUmi meM dhana ko gAr3ate haiN| Azcarya yaha hai ki sarpa usa sthAna meM apanA bila banA letA hai| vyakti jaba gar3e hue 1. dazavaikAlika-TIkA, pRSTha 78 2. samayasundara kRti kusumAMjali - (ka) hu~kAra parihAra gItam, pRSTha 449 (kha) mAna-nivAraNa gItam, pRSTha 449-50 3. samayasundara kRti kusumAMjali, mAna-nivAraNa gItam, pRSTha 450 4. vahI, mAyA-nivAraNa sajjhAya, pRSTha 430-31

Page #490
samayasundara kA vicAra-pakSa 475 dhana ko bAhara nikAlane ke lie jamIna ko khodatA hai, to use sarpa kA zikAra honA par3atA hai| ata: catura puruSoM ko mAyA se sadaiva dUra rahanA caahiye| samayasundara kA kathana hai ki mAyA kA prabhAva bahuvyApI hai| jo yogI, tapasvI aura saMnyAsI nagna bhI ho gae, agni jalAkara zIrSAsana meM bhI sthira rahe, ve bhI mAyA se mukti na pA ske| aNora se aNIyAna aura mahAna-mahiyAna-sabhI ko isa sarpinI ne grasa rakhA hai| isase bacakara rahanA nitAnta jarUrI hai| 17.4 lobha samayasundara dhana-pipAsuoM ko sambodhita karate hue kahate haiM ki tuma rAta-dina dhana ke pIche kyoM par3e ho? binA puNya ke tuma dhana kaise prApta karoge? vizvAsa na ho to jAo, paMcajanoM ko bhI pUcha lo| samayasundara kahate haiM ki tuma dhana ke lobha meM par3akara deva-guru kI bhakti-prArthanA bhI bhUla gaye ho| bhalA, gaThar3I bAndhakara koI parabhava meM le gayA hai? phira tuma he jIva! itanA adhika lobha kyoM kara rahe ho? lobha eka prakAra kA gahana mAyA-jAla hai| isameM pha~sane kA prayAsa mata kro| yadi pha~sa gaye, to vApasa usase nikalanA bahuta kaThina ho jaaegaa| samayasundara apane ziSya-praziSyoM ko bhI lobha-tyAga kA nirdeza dete haiN| ve kahate haiM, ziSyo! pustaka, panne aura upAdhiyoM kA lobha chor3a do aura saMyama kA pAlana kro| samayasundara kA kahanA hai ki mukti sampadA ke lobha ke sivA mujhe kisI taraha kA lobha nahIM hai| samayasundara ne ukta cAroM kaSAyoM ko akaraNIya batAyA hai| pUrvakRta kaSAyakarmoM ko kSaya karanA cAhiye aura bhaviSya meM kaSAya na kareM, isakA saMkalpa grahaNa karanA caahiye| 18.lezyA zubha-azubha pravRtti kA mUlAdhAra zubha-azubha lezyA hI hai| lezyA arthAt mnovRttiyaaN| samayasundara ne lezyA ke chaH bhedoM kA ullekha kiyA hai - 1. kRSNalezyA, 2. nIlalezyA, 3. kApotalezyA, 4. tejaslezyA, 5. padmalezyA aura 6. shuklleshyaa| bhAva se dravya aura dravya se bhAva kI kAryakAraNa rUpa paramparA hone se unhoMne lezyA ko bhI bhAva aura dravya, donoM prakAra kI svIkAra kI hai| unake anusAra dravya lezyAe~ paudgalika hone ke kAraNa inake varNa, rasa, gaMdha, sparza Adi bhI hote haiM / ukta lezyAoM meM kRSNAdi prathama 1. vahI, mAyA nivAraNa sajjhAya, pRSTha 430-31 2. vahI, mAyA nivAraNa sajjhAya, pRSTha 430-31 3. samayasundara kRti kusumAMjali, mAyA-nivAraNa gItam, pRSTha 432 4. vahI, yatilobha nivAraNa gItam, pRSTha 450

Page #491
476 mahopAdhyAya samayasundara : vyaktitva evaM kRtitva tIna lezyAe~ aprazasta haiM aura tejas Adi zeSa tIna lezyAe~ prazasta haiN|' 19. nindA samayasundara ne nindA-vRtti ko anucita evaM tyAjya batAyA hai| ve usake durguNa batAte hue kahate haiM ki paranindA karate hue manuSya pApa-piNDa bharatA hai| isase vairavardhana hotA hai aura prANI durgati meM jAtA hai| nindaka jaisA burA aura pApI vyakti anya koI dikhAI nahIM detA hai| vastutaH nindaka kA to mukha bhI nahIM dekhanA cAhiye, kyoMki vaha caNDAla ke samAna hai| samayasundara likhate haiM ki nindaka rUpI caNDAla ko to sparza bhI nahIM karanA caahiye| nindaka kI jihvA apavitra huA karatI hai| nindaka aura mAMsAhArI - donoM eka sadRza haiN| paranindA karanA pRSTha bhAga kA mA~sa khAnA hai| nindA karane se vaira-virodha ke bandhana to bandha hI jAte haiM, vyakti nindA karate samaya apane mAtA-pitA kI bhI upekSA kara baiThatA hai aura unakI bhI nindA karane laga jAtA hai| samayasundara sujhAva dete haiM ki yadi tumheM nindA karane kI Adata hI par3a gaI hai, to apanI nindA karo tAki kucha tumhArA bhalA hogA, Atma-saMskAra hogaa| dUsaroM ke to guNoM ko hI grahaNa karanA caahiye| samayasundara ke anusAra aisA vyakti prazaMsanIya hai, jo kisI kI para-nindA nahIM krtaa| unake anusAra aisA vyakti dhanyavAda kA pAtra hai| 20. svArtha samayasundara kA anubhava hai ki yaha saMsAra svArthI hai| svArtha ke binA mAtApitA-bhAI-bahina Adi koI bhI parijana apanA nahIM hotA hai, binA svArtha ke koI jalapAna bhI nahIM karavAtA / svArtha ke vaza hokara hI loga bar3I AtmIyatA darzAte haiM, kintu svArtha siddha nahIM hone para kalaha hotA hai| svArthavazAt patnI bhI apane ko dAsI kahatI hai, parantu svArtha siddha na hone para A~kheM dikhAtI hai, lAThI lekara pIche bhAgatI hai| samayasundara kahate haiM ki guru aura ziSya- ye saba bhI svArtha ke saMbaMdha haiN| vastutaH saMsAra svArtha meM 1. vicArazataka (47) 2. samayasundara kRti kusumAMjali, nindAparihAra gItam, pRSTha 451 3. samayasundara kRti kusumAMjali, nindAparihAra gItam, pRSTha 451 4. vahI, prastAva savaiyA chattIsI, pRSTha 521 5. vahI, nindAvAraka gItam, pRSTha 451-52 6. samayasundara kRti kusumAMjali, paraprazaMsA gItam, pRSTha 474 7. vahI, nindAvAraka gItam, pRSTha 452

Page #492
477 samayasundara kA vicAra-pakSa lipta hai| svArtha-tyAga ke lie paramArtha kI sAdhanA upayogI hai| 21. rAtribhojana-parihAra samayasundara ne rAtri-bhojana kA niSedha ahiMsA-vrata kI rakSA ke lie anivArya mAnA hai| samayasundara ke sAmane vipakSa ke dvArA yaha prazra uThAyA gayA thA ki rAtri meM bhojana karanA kisa prakAra se anucita ho sakatA hai? dina meM to makkhI Adi jIvoM kI hiMsA kA bhaya banA rahatA hai, jabaki rAtri meM bhojana grahaNa karane se isase chuTakArA pAyA jA sakatA hai| isakA samAdhAna karate hue samayasundara ne kahA hai ki rAtribhojana zAstrIya evaM naitika-donoM dRSTiyoM se ucita nahIM hai| rAtri-bhojana hiMsA se mukta nahIM ho sktaa| rAtri meM bhojana-sevana karate samaya kunthu, pippalI evaM anya aneka sUkSma jIvoM kI hiMsA sambhava hai, jo hama rAtri meM bhojana pakAne se lekara use khAne taka kI prakriyA meM spaSTataH dekhate haiN| ataH rAtri bhojana varNya hai| 22. jinapratimA mahopAdhyAya samayasundara ke anusAra jina-pratimA evaM usakI pUjA kI paramparA prAcInakAla se calI A rahI thii| yaha bAta svayaM samayasundara dvArA ullikhita zAstrIya uddharaNoM se spaSTa ho jAtI hai| samayasundara ke samaya meM jainadharma meM eka aisI paramparA panapI, jo mUrtipUjA kA virodha karatI thii| samayasundara ne isa paramparA kA virodha kiyaa| unakI mAnyatA thI ki 'jinapratimA jina sArakhI'3 arthAt jinapratimA jina ke sadRza hai| yaha bAta unakI racanAoM meM aneka sthAnoM para abhivyakta huI hai| samAcArI-zataka' nAmaka grantha meM unhoMne isI bAta kI puSTi ke lie aneka pramANa bhI die haiN| vastutaH aisA lagatA hai ki samayasundara kaTTara mUrtipUjaka the| ve likhate haiM ki yadyapi jinamUrti jJAnAdi guNarahita hai, tathApi vaha jinavat hI mAnI jAtI hai| unake matAnusAra sAkSAt jina kI pUjA aura arcanA karane se jo phala milatA hai, vahI phala jina kI pratimA kI pUjA se upalabdha hotA hai| ataH jinapratimA jina ke sadRza hI mAnanI caahiye| unake anusAra yadi koI isameM saMzaya karatA hai, to usakA samyaktva usI prakAra naSTa ho jAtA hai, jaise eka bUMda viSa se amRt| 1. vahI, svArtha gItam, pRSTha 435 2. vicArazataka (18) 3. samayasundara kRti kusumAMjali, zrI pArzvajina (pratimA sthApana) stavanam, pRSTha 200 4. samAcArI-zataka (14, 26, 39-42, 48) 5. vahI (40) 6. samAcArI-zataka (41) 7. samayasundara kRti kusumAMjali, zrI pArzvajina (pratimA sthApana) stavanam, pRSTha 200

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478 mahopAdhyAya samayasundara : vyaktitva evaM kRtitva samayasundara ne likhA hai ki samprati, yahA~ koI tIrthaGkara vidyamAna nahIM haiM aura na hI koI atizayavAna mahApuruSa haiN| aisI sthiti meM jinapratimA hI eka aisA AdhAra hai, jo muktidAyaka hai| ve loga jinhoMne sUtra-siddhAnta tarka, vyAkaraNa Adi kA adhyayana kiyA hai aura loka meM paNDita bhI kahalAte haiM, kintu yadi jinapratimA ko asvIkAra karate haiM, to unakA yaha saba nirarthaka hai| samayasundara amUrtipUjaka sampradAyoM kA upahAsa karate hue kahate haiM ki jina granthoM meM mUrti-pUjA kA ullekha hai, una granthoM ko to ve mAnate haiM, kintu unameM ullikhita jinamUrti ko nahIM mAnate, unakI mAnyatA vaisI hI AtmavirodhI hai, jaise yaha kahanA ki merI mAM bandhyA hai| samayasundara kA kathana hai ki vAstava meM jinapratimA bhava-duHkhahartA, sukhakartA hai aura isakI nitya pUjA karanA zrAvaka kA karttavya hai| yaha bhavikajanoM ko bhavasAgara se pAra utArane ke lie pravahaNa ke samAna hai| zrAvaka ko dravya aura bhAva pUjA karanI cAhiye aura zramaNa ko kevala bhAva puujaa|3 23. kSamA samayasundara kSamA kI sAdhanA ke lie vizeSa preraNA dete haiN| unakA kahanA hai ki kSamA kI sAdhanA cAhe gArhasthyamUlaka jIvana ho yA sAdhanAmUlaka jIvana - donoM meM aparihArya hai| ve kSamA meM samatA kA bhI paryavasAna mAnate haiN| kSamA kI sAdhanA vastutaH Antarika sAdhanA hai arthAt usakA hRdaya se hI sambandha hotA hai| isIlie ve kahate haiM ki kSamA-pradAna karane se manuSya ko koI vyaya-bhAra nahIM uThAnA pdd'taa| samayasundara ne apanI racanAoM meM likhA hai ki kSamA aneka prakAra ke kalahakleza kI vinAzikA hai| krodha rUpI zatru isake Age sthira nahIM raha sktaa| yaha paraspara prema-bhAvanA kA prasAra karatI hai| ataH loka meM kIrti arjita hotI hai| 24. jIvadayA samayasundara ke anusAra dayA dharma kA mUla hai| jIvadayA rUpa dharma kI bela jinezvara dvArA ropita hai| yaha bela muktirUpI phala detI hai| samayasundara kA mata hai ki dayA na kevala jainadharma kA sAra hai, apitu sabhI dharmoM kA mukhya upadeza hai| kisI ko kisI bhI prakAra kA kaSTa na denA tathA usake duHkha dUra 1. vahI, pRSTha 200 2. samayasundara kRti kusumAMjali, zAzvatajinacaityapratimA vRhatstavanam (16) 3. (ka) vahI, zrI pArzvajina (pratimAsthApana) stavana, pRSTha 200 (kha) vahI, zrI jinapratimA pUjA gItam, pRSTha 220 4. vahI, kSamA chattIsI, pRSTha 523-26 5. vahI, jIvadayA gItam, pRSTha 447

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479 samayasundara kA vicAra-pakSa karanA hI dayA hai| ve kahate haiM ki loga paMcAgni-sAdhanA, yajJa, homa Adi vividha karma karate haiM, yaha socakara ki isase hama mukti pA jAe~ge, kintu yaha saba unakA bhrama hai| jisa sAdhanA meM dayA kA abhAva hai, vaha kabhI mukti nahIM dilA sktii| sabhI prANiyoM ko apanI AtmA ke samAna mAnakara vyavahAra karanA, yahI to prAthamika sAdhanA hai| dayA dharma evaM sAdhanA - donoM kA marma hai| samayasundara kA kathana hai ki yadyapi jainadharma jIvadayA pradhAna hai, kintu isakA abhiprAya yaha nahIM ki vaha kisI bhI aisI kriyA yA karma karane kA sarvathA niSedha karatA hai jisameM hiMsA kI yatkiJcit bhI sambhAvanA ho| vastutaH ahiMsA ko vidhAyaka rUpa dene ke lie kiyA gayA koI bhI prayatna hiMsA se rahita nahIM ho sktaa| jaba bhI hama jIvanarakSaNa rUpa dayA, dAna, sevA, tathA sahayoga kI koI kriyA kareMge, to ve hiMsA ke binA kadApi sambhava nahIM hogii| nava-koTi pUrNa ahiMsA kA Adarza kabhI bhI dayA, dAna, sevA evaM sahayoga ke mUlyoM kA sahagAmI nahIM ho sktaa| ata: jIvana-rakSaNa aura pUrNa ahiMsA ke Adarza kA pAlana - donoM eka sAtha zakya nahIM hai| punaH pArivArika evaM sAmudAyika jIvana meM to usakA pAlana asambhava hai| ___ jaina zAstroM meM aise aneka paryApta prasaMga bhI milate haiM, jinameM hiMsA ke kucha rUpa anumodita haiN| jaise- naukAgamana, sAdhu dvArA nadI-laMghana Adi; yadyapi isameM pratyakSa rUpa se hiMsA hotI hai| isI taraha zramaNa evaM zrAvaka-varga ke samasta dhArmika kAryoM meM pRthvIkAya Adi vividha jIvoM kI hiMsA hotI hai, phira bhI unheM dhArmika kArya hI kahA gyaa| jaise- zreNika, koNika Adi bhagavAn mahAvIra ko vandana karane ke lie jAte the, to gamanAgamana meM pRthvIkAya, vanaspati, cIMTI ityAdi kI hiMsA to hotI hI thI, tathApi use prazaMsanIya evaM anukaraNIya batAyA gayA hai| samayasundara kA kahanA hai ki yadyapi bhUkhe ko bhojana denA, pyAse ko pAnI pilAnA, sAdhuoM ko AhAra denA ityAdi kriyAoM meM bhI nizcita hI manuSya ko hiMsA-doSa lagegA, kintu yaha hiMsA nindanIya nahIM hai| samayasundara ke anusAra hiMsA kA pUrNa niSedha karane vAle dayAdharma kA hI uccheda kara deveM, to phira dharmazAlA Adi banAne meM bhI Arambha arthAt hiMsA hotA hai| ataH use 'pApazAlA' kahanA cAhiye, jabaki use dharmasalA hI kahA jAtA hai, pApazAlA nhiiN| samayasundara kA kathana hai ki dharma-kArya meM bhI Arambha-samArambha to hotA hai, kintu dhArmika puSpa kA jIva-hiMsAtmaka koI adhyavasAya nahIM hotA hai, apitu rakSaNa kA hI adhyavasAya hotA hai| ataH usake dvArA bAhya rUpa se hone vAlI hiMsA ko nizcayadRSTi se hiMsA kI koTi meM nahIM rakhA jA sktaa| yadi manuSya ke adhyavasAya aura manovRttiyA~ 1. samayasundara kRti kusumAMjali, prastAva savaiyA chattIsI, pRSTha 516

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480 mahopAdhyAya samayasundara : vyaktitva evaM kRtitva hiMsA se jur3I huI haiM, to vaha hiMsA hogii| hiMsA aura ahiMsA kA bheda vastutaH mana ke bhAvoM para avalambita hai| eka to hiMsA kI jAtI hai, dUsarI hiMsA karanI par3atI hai aura tIsarI hiMsA ho jAtI hai / yadyapi ye tInoM hiMsA hI haiM, kintu tInoM meM spaSTa antara hai / pratyeka kriyA ko yatanApUrvaka vivekapUrvaka karanA hI hiMsA se virata hone kA sarala upAya hai / 25. samaya kA mUlya samayasundara ne samaya kA mahattva batalAyA hai / ve kahate haiM, he manuSya ! tuma ghar3I ke pAsa jAkara aura citta lagAkara suno ki vaha kyA kahatI hai ? samayasundara ke anusAra ghar3I kahatI hai ki samaya sthira nahIM hai| gatizIla samaya ko rokA nahIM jA sktaa| gayA huA samaya vApasa lauTakara nahIM AtA hai| eka-eka pahara ke antara se ghar3I rAta aura dina eka hI TaMkAra kara rahI hai ki yamarAja ke Agamana ke bAje baja rahe haiM, ata: saba sAvadhAna ho jaao|2 samayasundara kahate haiM ki are manuSya ! mAnava-jIvana kI eka ghar3I lAkha rupayoM se bhI jyAdA mUlyavAna hotI hai| tuma aise bahumUlyavAna samaya ko vyartha hI mata khoo| he manuSya ! tUne amUlya-jIvana kA AdhA bhAga ha~sI-khela meM vyatIta kara diyaa| aba jaba sAmane bur3hApA tathA mRtyu mu~ha bAye khar3e haiM, kyoM pachatAtA hai| jJAta nahIM, sau varSa jIne kI tumhArI kAmanA kaba dhUli - dhUsarita ho jAe / ata: tumheM isa asthira saMsAra kA vizvAsa na kara jIvana kI pratyeka ghar3I dharmAcaraNa evaM AtmakalyANa meM bitAnI cAhiye / 3 niSkarSa yaha hai ki samayasundara eka praur3ha vicAraka the| unakI pratyeka racanA cAhe vaha kathA ke rUpa meM ho yA saiddhAntika ho athavA anya viSayaka ho, unakI vaicArika praur3hatA ko prakaTa karatI hai| vicAra - zataka, vizeSa - zataka, samAcArI - zataka Adi granthoM meM unhoMne aneka sUkSma se sUkSmatara dArzanika praznoM ko upasthita kara unakA samyak samAdhAna bhI diyA hai| jaina AcAra-darzana ke vividha niyama, Avazyaka kRtya, zrAvaka evaM zramaNa-dharma Adi aise aneka sAmAnya viSaya haiM, jina para unhoMne apane vicAra prastuta kiye haiN| adhika vistAra - bhaya se hamane tatsambandhI samagra sAmagrI ko grahaNa nahIM kiyA hai / mAtra unake kucha vicAroM ko saMkSipta meM prastuta karane kA prayatna kiyA hai| vastutaH samayasundara ke samasta vicAra-darzana kA mUla AdhAra hai. AtmA aura paramAtmA / inhIM do tattva rUpa stambhoM para unake vicAra-darzana kA bhavya bhavana khar3A hai| 1. samAcArI - zataka (42) 2. samayasundara kRti kusumAMjali, ghar3IyAlI gIta, pRSTha 438-39 3. vahI, ghar3I lAkhINI gItam, pRSTha 427

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saptama adhyAya upasaMhAra

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upasaMhAra 483 pUrvavartI adhyAyoM meM mahopAdhyAya samayasundara ke vyaktitva evaM kRtitva ke anuzIlanAtmaka adhyayana ke uparAnta nimnalikhita niSkarSa prastuta kie jA sakate haiM - prathama adhyAya kA niSkarSa prathama adhyAya hai, 'samayasundara kA jiivn-vRtt'| samayasundara jaina muni the| ve isI nAma se sAhitya-jagat meM vizruta hue, yadyapi samakAlIna kaviyoM ne unake lie 'samayosuracanda' nAma bhI prayukta kiyA hai| yaha nAma yA to unake gRhastha-jIvana kA rahA hogA yA phira pArasparika AtmIyatA ke kAraNa kaviyoM ne yaha nAma prayukta kiyA hogaa| samayasundara kA janma-sthAna sAMcora hai, jo rAjasthAna evaM gujarAta ke sImAnta para sthita hai| samayasundara kI prathama upalabdha kRti 'bhAvazataka', jisakA racanA-kAla vikrama saMvat 1641 hai evaM anya sAkSyoM ke AdhAra para hama isa niSkarSa para pahu~ce haiM ki unakA janma lagabhaga vikrama saMvat 1610 meM huA hogaa| yadyapi samayasundara ne apane mAtA-pitA kA nAmollekha nahIM kiyA hai, lekina ve unake mahAn upakAroM ko svIkAra karate the aura unake Adarza guNoM ke prati unakI pUrNa AsthA thii| samayasundara kA janma prAgvATa/poravAla vaMza meM huA thA aura ve isa vaMza meM hue mahAn puruSa-ratnoM meM sarvopari hue| unheM dharmazrI nAmaka AryA ne sAdhanA-mArga para ArUr3ha kiyA hogA aura isIlie ve 'dharmazrI AryikA-sUnu' kI saMjJA se abhiSikta hue| samayasundara ne yauvanavaya meM pravrajyA grahaNa kI thii| yadi unakA janmakAla vikrama saMvat 1610 meM lagabhaga svIkAra karate haiM, to unakA abhiniSkramaNakAla vikrama saMvat 1628 se 1630 ke madhya mAna sakate haiN| ve jinacandrasUri ke kara-kamaloM se dIkSita hue aura gaNisakalacandra ke ziSya hue| samayasundara jainazvetAmbara-paramparA kI kharataragaccha nAmaka zAkhA ke anuyAyI the| unakI guru-paramparA meM aneka udbhaTa sAhityasevI evaM yuga-pradhAna AcArya hue, jinameM jinezvarasUri, abhayadevasUri, jinavallabhasUri, jinadattasUri, jinacandrasUri Adi ullekhanIya haiN| mahopAdhyAya samayasundara isa vidvat paramparA kI svarNamayI zrRMkhalA kI eka kar3I the| samayasundara ke guru kA alpAyu meM hI nidhana ho gayA thaa| ata: vAcaka mahimarAja aura upAdhyAya samayarAja se unhoMne vidyAdhyayana kiyA thaa| gahana Agamika prazikSaNa, ucca abhyAsa, tIkSNa buddhi, medhAvI pratibhA tathA tapa-saMyama ke pAlana meM dakSa

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484 mahopAdhyAya samayasundara : vyaktitva evaM kRtitva dekhakara jainasaMgha ne Apako gaNi, vAcaka/vAcanAcArya, upAdhyAya, mahopAdhyAya Adi viziSTa pada pradAna kara ApakA sammAna kiyA thaa| mahopAdhyAya jaisA zreSTha pada vAstava meM unake mahAn vyaktitva kA dyotaka hai| yAtrA zikSA kA eka mAdhyama hai| yAtrA meM pada-yAtrA kA apanA mahattva hai| samayasundara ne bhArata ke vibhinna aMcaloM meM pada-yAtrAe~ kiiN| ve pakSI kI taraha unmukta vihArI the| unhoMne aneka tIrtha-yAtrAe~ bhI kii| ve jisa tIrtha meM gaye, vahA~ ke tIrthAdhipatiyoM ke caraNoM meM unhoMne stotra-stavana rUpa sumana car3hAye, jo unakI AsthA ke AyAma the| mahopAdhyAya samayasundara ke jIvana ke antima kSaNa saMgharSoM se santrasta rhe| unheM saMvat 1687 ke bhayaMkara duSkAla kA sAmanA karanA par3A, harSanandana nAmaka ziSya kI paravazatA ko svIkAra karanI pdd'ii| samayasundara ne apane ziSyoM kA mAtA-pitA kI taraha pAlana-poSaNa kiyA, kintu ziSya vRddhAvasthA meM unakA parityAga karake cale gye| vRddhAvasthA ke kaSToM meM ziSyoM meM sevA-bhAvanA kA abhAva dekhakara unheM nirAza tathA hatotsAha hokara kahanA par3A ki jo ziSya guru kI zraddhA-bhakti se vaiyAvRtya-sevA nahIM karate, una ziSyoM se kyA prayojana hai? aise ziSya to nirarthaka haiM, bhArabhUta haiN| bhISaNa duSkAla meM samayasundara ko zAstramaryAdA se pratikUla AcaraNa bhI karanA par3A, kintu duSkAla se vimukta hone para unhoMne zramaNa-jIvana ke ucca mUlyoM ke AdarzoM kA puna: varaNa kiyA tathA isI uddezya se unhoMne 'kriyoddhAra' bhI kiyaa| isa prakAra bhAvI paramparA ke lie unhoMne AcAragata eka Adarza kI bhUmikA chor3a dii| ___mahopAdhyAya samayasundara kI bhAratIya AcAragata sAhitya ko mahAn dena rahI hai| ve bahumukhI pratibhA ke dhanI the| unakA vyaktitva jitanA gauravapUrNa hai, utanA hI preraka bhii| unakA jJAna-gAmbhIrya sAgara kI bhAMti thaa| samayasundara kevala jJAnI hI nahIM, apitu bhakta evaM karmazIla bhI the| unameM jitanI vidvattA thI, utanI hI RjutA bhii| unakA hRdaya zraddhA aura bhakti se abhibhUta thaa| akhila AdarzoM aura Adarza-puruSoM ke prati unakI bhaktipravaNatA agAdha thii| jJAna ke sAtha bhakti kA samAgama ho jAne se unake vyaktitva kA saundarya aura bhI nikhara uThA thaa| jaina dharma meM hindI bhASAntargata bhakti-suvAsita itanA vizAla sAhitya samayasundara se pUrva kisI ne bhI nahIM likhaa| mIrA kI-sI anupama bhakti kA darzana yadi kisI jaina kavi kI racanAoM meM karanA ho, to unake lie samayasundara kA bhaktiparaka sAhitya bejor3a hai| vastutaH jJAna evaM vidvattA jahA~ unake bAhya vyaktitva ko prakAzita karatI hai, vahIM bhakti unake anta: vyaktitva ko| samayasundara AcAra-pakSa ko bhI utanA hI mahattva dete the, jitanA jJAna-pakSa ko| AcAra-zUnya jJAnI candana kA bhAra Dhone vAlA gardabhavat hai| vaha kevala bhAra DhotA hai, candana kI sugandha kA use koI patA nahIM hai| satyata: jisa vyaktitva meM jJAna, bhakti aura

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upasaMhAra karma kA pavitra saMgama hai, usakI divyatA mahAn se mahIyAna huA karatI hai 1 mahopAdhyAya samayasundara 'Atmavat sarvabhUteSu' kI avadhAraNA se abhibhUta the / unhoMne aneka rAjyAdhikAriyoM ko apane prabhAva se prabhAvita kara unake rAjyoM ko ahiMsAmaya bnaayaa| samrATa akabara, makhanUma muhammada zekha kAjI, rAvala bhImajI prabhRti ko apanI vicAradhArAoM kA anuyAyI banAnA evaM unake rAjya zAsana meM hiMsA - niSedha karavAnA samayasundara kI adbhuta pratibhA kA pratIka hai| samayasundara yadyapi kharataragacchIya the, kintu anya gacchoM ke prati bhI unako sahAnubhUti thii| jisa yuga meM sAmpradAyikatA apanI carama sImA para ho, usa yuga meM bhI ve sAmpradAyikatA se Upara uThe hue eka nispRha sAdhaka the| digambara, tapAgaccha, pArzvacandragaccha Adi sabhI matAvalambiyoM se unakA madhura sambandha thA / unhoMne jisa zraddhA se zvetAmbara tIrthAdhipatiyoM ke prati zraddhA vyakta kI hai, usI zraddhA se ve digambara tIrthAdhipatiyoM ke prati bhI natamastaka rahe / ve na kevala svayaM sAmpradAyika pAzoM se mukta rahe, apitu anya matAvalambiyoM ko bhI isase asamIpastha rahane kI preraNA dete the / vastutaH ina saba guNoM ke kAraNa hI samasAmayika evam paravartI kaviyoM tathA jaina samAja para ApakA prabhutva chAyA rhaa| unakA vyaktitva sArvakAlika, sArvadezika evaM vizvajanIna rahA hai / sampradAya rUpI bAdaloM se AvRtta hone ke kAraNa unake vyaktitva rUpI sUryamaNDala kA prakAza sampradAyetara logoM taka pahu~ca na sakA / svayaM jaina sampradAya meM bhI Aja sAmAnya bauddhika stara ke loga mahopAdhyAya samayasundara ke viSaya meM ajJAta haiM, parantu inakA yogadAna to sampradAyAtIta evaM sarvajanahitAya rahA hai| unakI anupameya evaM aparimita sAhitya-sAdhanA ko dekhate hue unheM jainadharma kA dvitIya hemacandrAcArya kahA jAe, to koI atyukti na hogii| nikhila zAstranipuNatA tathA bahujJatA ke kAraNa hI unhoMne mahopAdhyAya Adi kI upAdhi prApta kI thI / vastutaH inameM eka sAtha hI vaiyAkaraNa, dArzanika, sAhityakAra, itihAsakAra, AlaGkArika, ghandAnuzAsaka, dharmopadezaka aura yugakavi kA samanvaya huA hai| 485 isa prakAra hama dekhate haiM ki samayasundara kI yogyatA, unakI kSamatA, unakA jIvana, unakA kArya-kalApa, unakA AcAra-vyavahAra Adi sabhI guNa zatapratizata unake Adarza vyaktitva ko ujAgara karate haiN| yadi niSpakSa dRSTi se koI bhI vyakti unake vyaktitva kA avalokana karatA hai, to usase prabhAvita hue binA nahIM rhegaa| vikrama saMvat 1703, caitra zuklA 13 ko ahamadAbAda meM saMlekhanA sahita samayasundara ne samAdhimaraNa prApta kiyaa| mahopAdhyAya samayasundara kA ziSya parivAra vistRta thA / jaise pratibhAzAlI evaM vidvAn ve svayaM the, vaisA hI unakA ziSya-samUha bhI thA / unake aneka ziSya the, jinameM

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486 mahopAdhyAya samayasundara : vyaktitva evaM kRtitva harSanandana pramukha the| samayasundara svayaM muni the aura unake ziSya bhI muni the, kintu pazcavartI kAla meM hue unake ziSya-praziSya yati ho gaye the| dvitIya adhyAya kA niSkarSa dvitIya adhyAya hai, 'samayasundara kI racanAe~ / prastuta adhyAya meM samayasundara ke kRtitva kA paricaya hai| vyakti ke vyaktitva athavA anya kisI pahalU kI jAnakArI ke lie usakA kRtitva hI mukhya AdhAra hai| mahopAdhyAya samayasundara kI bhAratIya sAhitya ko mahAn dena rahI hai| samayasundara jaise racanAkAra kama hI hue, jinakI vividha viSayoM se sambandhita racanAe~ upalabdha hotI hoN| unhoMne vidvat samAja ke lie jahA~ saMskRta meM sAhitya kI sRSTi kI, vahIM janahita ke lie prAdezika bhASAoM meM bhI vipula sAhitya kA nirmANa kiyaa| hamane unakI prApta racanAoM kI vipulatA dekhate hue vivecana kI suvidhA ke lie maulika saMskRta racanAe~, saMskRta-TIkAe~, saMgraha-grantha, bhASA-kRtiyA~, bAlAvabodha yA bhASA-TIkA, prakIrNaka racanAe~ - isa prakAra ina cha: vibhAgoM me vibhakta kara unake sampUrNa sAhitya kA Akalana karane kA prayAsa kiyA hai| pratyeka racanA kA nAma, racanA-sthAna, preraNA yA anurodhakartA, varNyaviSaya, racanA-zailI, racanA kI prAmANikatA ityAdi kA parizIlana kiyA hai| hamane unakI zatAdhika bRhat racanAoM evam paMcazatAdhika laghu prakIrNaka racanAoM kA paricayAtmaka adhyayana prastuta kiyA hai| samayasundara kI racanAoM ke adhyayana se jJAta hotA hai ki unakA vyAkaraNazAstra meM mahAn yogadAna rahA hai| unhoMne kevala vaiyAkaraNa-granthoM para vyAkhyA-grantha likhe, apitu unake rahasyoM ko bhI prakaTa kiyA / bhASA-zAstra, bhASA-vijJAna, vyAkaraNa - ina tInoM para unakA mahattvapUrNa yogadAna rhaa| chandaHzAstra lakSaNa-grantha, kAvya-zAstra Adi viSayoM se sambaddha racanAoM kA bhI unhoMne gumphana kiyA thaa| anekArthI sAhitya meM samayasundara kA kauzala vizeSa rUpa se varNanIya hai| unhoMne 'aSTalakSI' athavA 'artharatnAvalI' nAmaka kRti meM 'rAjA no dadate saukhyam' - isa aSTAkSarIya vAkya ke dasalakSAdhika arthoM ko prakaTa kara saMsAra ke sampUrNa sAhitya-jagat ko eka alabhya evaM anupama grantha-ratna pradAna kiyaa| isa grantha kI Takkara kA anya koI grantha sAhitya-loka meM abhI taka kahIM bhI AvirbhUta nahIM huA hai| samayasundara ke saiddhAntika evaM dArzanika granthoM ne mahAkoSa kA rUpa dhAraNa kara liyA hai| unhone lagabhaga 350 dArzanika evaM saiddhAntika praznoM kA savistAra samAdhAna kiyA hai| pratyeka prazna ke uttara kI puSTi ke lie unhoMne aneka pramANa pastuta kie| manovaijJAnika DhaMga se jaTila praznoM kA samyak nirAkaraNa prastuta karanA samayasundara kI

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487 upasaMhAra nijI vizeSatA thii| TIkA-sAhitya ke antargata bhI samayasundara kI dena mahattvapUrNa hai| unhoMne na kevala anya racita granthoM para vyAkhyAe~ kIM, apitu katipaya svaracita racanAoM para bhI svopajJa vRttiyA~ likhiiN| jaina sAhitya ke sAtha-sAtha jainetara sAhitya para bhI vyAkhyA-grantha likhakara unhoMne sAhitya meM bhI samanvaya-bhAvanA kA vikAsa kiyaa| isa taraha unhoMne sAhitya-jagat meM bhI apanA dharmanirapekSa evaM sampradAyAtIta rUpa prastuta kiyaa| unhoMne Agama, prakaraNa, stotra evaM anya sAhitya para mukhyataH TIkAe~ likhI haiN| isI prakAra saMskRta evaM hindI kathA-sAhitya meM bhI samayasundara kA yogadAna sazakta hai| unhoMne dhArmika evaM laukika AkhyAnoM kI racanA kara sAhitya ke bhaNDAra ko samRddha kiyaa| unhoMne na kevala prAcIna kathAnakoM ke AdhAra para kathA-sAhitya kA sRjana kiyA, balki kucha nayI kathAe~ bhI gar3hIM aura kucha purAnI kathAoM meM parivartana bhI kiye| kathA, AkhyAna, vArtA, upamA, dRSTAnta, saMvAda, lokokti, sUkta-subhASita, praznottara, samasyApUrti, prahelikA Adi dvArA ina racanAoM ko unhoMne ati sarasa bnaayaa| yadyapi samayasundara ne kathA-sAhitya meM rAjA, dhanavAn yA mahApuruSoM ke hI jIvanakAla kA citraNa kiyA hai, kintu janasAmAnya ke citraNa ko bhI unhoMne vizeSa sthAna diyA hai| samayasundara ne viziSTa muni, sAdhvI, satI, seTha-sAhukAra, sArthavAha Adi ke zikSAprada caritra bhI citrita kiye haiN| yadyapi samayasundara kA kathA-sAhitya sabhI prakAra kA prApta hotA hai, kintu pratyeka kathA ko unhoMne dhArmika, vyavasthAmUlaka tathA naitika pRSThabhUmi meM pratiSThita karane kA prayAsa kiyA hai| isIlie ye kathAe~ manoraMjana ke sAtha-sAtha andhakAra meM digbhramita jIvana ke liye prakAzastambha haiN| samayasundara kI kathAoM ke sabhI pAtra athavA caritranAyaka bhavyarUpa liye hue haiN| rAvaNa jaise pAtra ko, jahA~ anya kathAkAra nikRSTa samajhate haiM, samayasundara ne usake caritra ko Upara uThAne kA prayAsa kiyA hai| unhoMne puruSoM kI taraha strI-pAtroM ko bhI sadaiva U~cAI para rkhaa| sAhitya-premiyoM ko sItA, mRgAvatI Adi strI-pAtroM kA citra samayasundara kI anupama bheMTa hai| vairAgyamUlaka dharma kA jIvanabhara pracAra karane vAlA jo kavi strIviSayaka Asakti kI nindA karate kabhI nahIM thakatA, vaha eka strI kI itanI bhavya ojasvinI aura prabhAvapUrNa mUrti gar3ha sakatA hai, yaha dekhakara vismaya hotA hai| strI-rati ke prati samayasundara ke pAsa AlocanA ke atirikta kucha nahIM thA, kintu unhoMne apane strI-pAtroM ko sadaiva U~cAI para rakhA aura unake strI-pAtra puruSa-pAtroM kI apekSA adhika prabhAvazAlI rUpa liye hue haiN| yaha samayasundara ke strI-sammAna ke bhAva kA sUcaka hai| puruSa pradhAna hai, kintu strI gauNa nahIM hai - yaha bAta unhoMne aneka sthAnoM para abhivyakta kI hai|

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mahopAdhyAya samayasundara : vyaktitva evaM kRtitva kavivarya samayasundara ne phuTakara racanAe~ kitanI racI thIM, isakI koI sImA nahIM hai / jisa kisI bhI prAcIna jJAnabhaNDAra meM unakI racanAe~ khojane jAe~, vahIM unakI racanAeM mila jAtI haiN| lagabhaga 500 phuTakara racanAoM kA paricayAtmaka vivaraNa hama de hI cuke haiN| 488 I kAvya-loka meM kavi hI ekamAtra prajApati hotA hai| 'jahA~ na pahu~ce ravi, vahA~ pahu~ce kavi' kI ukti kavi samayasundara ke sAtha caritArtha hotI hai / sAhitya kI vipulatA evaM vistAra kI dRSTi se kavivara samayasundara 'sAhitya-samrATa' kI upAdhi ke yogya haiM / unakA vAstavika mUlya unakI vividhatA aura sarvadezIyatA meM nihita hai| unhoMne kAvya, vyAkaraNa, nyAya, saMgraha - koza, darzana, caritra, sAhitya, chanda, alaMkAra, jyotiSa - kisI bhI viSaya kI upekSA nahIM kI aura pratyeka viSaya kI sevA kii| vAstava meM samayasundara kI 63 varSa taka kI gaI niraMtara sAhitya-sevA anupama aura aparimita hai / tRtIya adhyAya kA niSkarSa tRtIya adhyAya hai, 'samayasundara kI bhASA' / samayasundara bahubhASAvid the / unakA saMskRta, prAkRta tathA hindI para samAna adhikAra thA / saMskRta bhASA ke gUr3hatama tattvoM kA unheM jJAna thA aura ve isa bhASA ke prakANDa vidvAn the / saMskRta meM aSTAkSaroM ke dazalakSAdhika artha prastuta karanA saMskRta ke mahAn bhASAvid ke hI hAtha kI bAta ho sakatI hai| unhoMne saMskRta meM vipula sAhitya kA nirmANa kara use jIvita banAe rakhane meM apanA mahat sahayoga diyA thA / mahopAdhyAya samayasundara prAkRta bhASA ke bhI acche jJAtA the / unhoMne prAkRtabhASA meM nibaddha granthoM para vyAkhyA-grantha to likhe hI the, sAtha hI sAtha svatantra rUpa se prAkRta meM racanAoM kA praNayana bhI kiyA thA / prAkRta racanAoM meM Avarjaka kSamatA avazya hai, kintu vaha svAbhAvikatA nahIM hai, jo unakI anya racanAoM meM milatI hai / samayasundara kI prAkRta sAmAnya prAkRta hai, jise hama mahArASTrI prAkRta kaha sakate haiN| unakI prAkRta para saMskRta kA prabhAva hone se vaha sAhityika prAkRta bana gayI hai / samayasundara kI saMskRtetara bhASA ko katipaya vidvAnoM ne rAjasthAnI batAyA hai, to katipaya vidvAn gujarAtI mAnate haiM / vastutaH samayasundara kI saMskRtetara bhASA na to mAtra rAjasthAnI hai aura na hI mAtra gujarAtI hai; varan usameM donoM kA mizrita rUpa hai, jise hamane maru - gurjara bhASA nAma se abhisaMjJita kiyA hai / samayasundara kA janma - sthAna sAMcora hai, jo rAjasthAna evaM gujarAta kI sImA para sthita hai / ata: unakI bhASA para bhI donoM pradezoM kA prabhAva par3anA svAbhAvika hai / isalie unake bhASA - sAhitya meM rAjasthAnI aura gujarAtI - donoM ke rUpa upalabdha hote haiM / samayasundara ne sAre deza meM bhramaNa kiyA thA / ataH unakI

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upasaMhAra 489 bhASA meM ekarUpatA kA abhAva hai| eka hI zabda ke aneka rUpa pAye jAte haiN| 'e' ke sthAna para 'aI' aura 'o' ke sthAna para 'au' kA prayoga adhika hai| 'jJa' ke sthAna para 'nya'; 'za', Sa, 'sa' ke sthAna para 'sa' aura 'Sa' ke lie 'kha'; 'R' ke sthAna para 'ri' kA prayoga adhikAMzataH huA hai| vaise unake mUlarUpa bhI upalabdha hote haiN| urdU, phArasI, arabI, sindhI, paMjAbI zabda bhI prayukta haiM / tatsama, tadbhava evaM dezaja- tInoM prakAra ke zabdoM kA prayoga huA hai| kavi samayasundara kI padya-hindI meM saMskRta-zabdAvalI kA bAhulya hone se vaha Adhunika hindI se ati sAmyatA rakhatI hai| samayasundara ne sindhI bhASA meM bhI kucheka racanAe~ likhI haiN| unakI sindhI, mulatAnI sindhI hai, jo sindhI aura paMjAbI kA sammizrita rUpa hai| unakI sindhI paThana meM manohara hai| vAdI harSanandana ke zabdoM meM samayasundara 'SaDbhASA-gIti-kAvyakartA' (uttarAdhyayana-TIkA, prazasti) the| samayasundara kI bhASA-zailI bhI bahuvidha hai| unakA sAhitya bahuAyAmI hone se unakI zailiyoM kA bhI vividha honA svAbhAvika hai| ve paristhiti, pAtra, lakSya, viSayavastu Adi ke anukUla zailI apanAte the aura usameM yathAvazyaka parivartana kara lete the| unake sAhitya meM gadya-zailI, padya-zailI aura gadya-padya mizrita zailI pAyI jAtI hai| varNya-viSaya Adi ke AdhAra para unakI bhASA-zailI, saMvAda-zailI, dRSTAnta-zailI kA adhyayana karane para unake sAhitya meM tArkika-zailI, anekArthI-zailI, saMvAda-zailI, dRSTAnta-zailI, vyAkhyAtmaka-zailI, mizrita bhASA zailI, pAdapUrti-zailI Adi vividha zailiyA~ prApta hotI haiN| 'jaisI viSaya-vastu vaisI zailI' - yahI unakI zailIgata vividhatA kA kAraNa hai| unakI sabhI zailiyA~ lakSya-pUraka evaM prabhAvotpAdaka haiN| mahopAdhyAya samayasundara kI bhASA-zakti advitIya hai| pUrNa evaM mArmika upamAnoM ke prayoga, citrAtmakatA, svAbhAvika abhivyakti tathA lAkSaNikatA ne unakI bhASA meM apUrva zakti bhara dI hai| unhoMne jisa kisI bhI bhASA meM abhivyakti kI hai, usa bhASA para unakA jabardasta adhikAra thaa| Adhunika bhASAoM ke aitihAsika adhyayana kI dRSTi se, tatkAlIna bhASA ke svarUpa ke nirdhAraNa kI dRSTi se unakI hindI-bhASA vizeSa rUpa se sahAyaka siddha ho sakatI hai| caturtha adhyAya kA niSkarSa caturtha adhyAya hai, 'samayasundara kA vrnnn-kaushl'| kavi kI kavitva-zakti usake varNana-kauzala se mukharita huA karatI hai| samayasundara kI varNana-zakti adbhuta

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490 mahopAdhyAya samayasundara : vyaktitva evaM kRtitva thii| unhoMne apane sUkSmatama nirIkSaNa dvArA vastuoM ke aMga-pratyaMga, AkRti, varNa aura usakI samIpatama evaM dUratama paristhiti kA paraspara saMzliSTa vivaraNa prastuta kiyA hai| apratihata gati se samayasundara kI pratibhA varNanIya viSayoM ko vAstavika rUpa se prakAzita karatI calI gayI hai| varNana-kauzala ke kAraNa hI unakI kRtiyA~ satata mUrtavastu kA darzana karAtI haiN| prakRti-varNana, vastu-varNana Adi meM unhoMne bhinna-bhinna prakAra se apanA kauzala pradarzita kiyA hai| ina varNanoM meM tAtkAlika paristhitiyoM kI jhalaka bhI prApta hotI hai| bhASA, bhAva, dhvani evaM bimba kA suSTha sAmaMjasya ina varNanoM kI apanI vizeSatA hai| paMcama adhyAya kA niSkarSa paMcama adhyAya hai, 'samayasundara kI racanAoM meM sAhityika tttv'| samayasundara kI racanAoM kA bahiraMga evaM antaraMga - donoM hI utkRSTa koTi kA hai| kAvya-racanA meM jina sAhityika tattvoM kI apekSA hotI hai, una sabhI kA samanvaya usameM huA hai| unakI racanAe~ niyamoM se Abaddha avazya haiM, kintu apane saMketoM meM ve nissIma aura ananta kA sparza karatI haiN| samayasundara mukhyataH rasarasika kavi the| yoM to unakI racanAoM kA pratyeka vAkya rasasikta hai, parantu katipaya vAkyoM kA vinyAsa isa prakAra huA hai ki ve 'vAkyaM rasAtmakaM kAvyam' kI sampuSTi karate hue pratIta hote haiN| bhAvAbhivyaMjanA meM ve bar3e paTu the| unake sAhitya meM vividha rasoM kA yathAsthAna paripAka huA hai| yadyapi samayasundara kI pratyeka racanA kA samApana vairAgya evaM Atma-zAnti kA kror3a meM hotA hai, kintu unhoMne anya rasoM kA bhI AhlAdadAyaka paripAka kiyA hai| samayasundara kI yaha vilakSaNa kavitva zakti hI hai ki unhoMne isa prakAra se rasa kI niSpatti kI hai ki vaha pAThakoM ko kramazaH eka-eka rasa kA AsvAdana karAte hue anta meM zAnta-rasa meM Dubo detI hai| isa prakAra bhoga se yoga kI ora le jAne meM unhoMne eka mahattvapUrNa bhUmikA nibhAyI hai| __ kavipravara samayasundara alaMkAra-zAstra ke vettA the| unhoMne vAgbhaTa likhita 'vAgbhaTAlaMkAra' para vyAkhyA-grantha bhI likhA thaa| unakI racanAoM kA vibhinna alaMkAroM ke prayoga dvArA alaMkaraNa huA hai| anuprAsa, zleSa, yamaka, rUpaka, upamA, utprekSA Adi alaMkAroM kA adhika prayoga huA hai| adhikatara racanAoM meM saceSTa prayAsa na hote hue bhI vibhinna alaMkAroM ke sundara udAharaNa prApta ho jAte haiN| samayasundara ne alaMkAra eMva alaMkArya meM aisA sAmaMjasya sthApita kiyA hai ki unake kAvyoM kI prAkRtika ramaNIyatA ucchalita huI hai| samayasundara kI racanAoM meM mAdhurya, oja aura prasAda - tInoM guNoM kA viSayAnurUpa samucita samAveza huA hai| mAdhurya evaM prasAda to unake kAvya kA vaiziSTya hai|

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upasaMhAra 491 ina tInoM guNoM ke samAveza se unakI racanAe~ AkarSaka aura mArmika bana gaI haiN| bhASA ko gatyAtmaka rUpa pradAna karane vAlA chanda-vidhAna bhI kama ramaNIya nahIM hai| samayasundara chanda-cayana meM bar3e dakSa the| ghaTanA, bhAva, vicAra yA viSaya ke anukUla chanda-parivartana karanA unakI svAbhAvika pravRtti thii| sAhitya ko janasAdhAraNa se Abaddha karane ke lie unhoMne rAgoM tathA deziyoM ko bhI apanAyA, jisase unake kAvyoM kI lokapriyatA tathA saMgItAtmakatA meM sahaja hI samRddhi huii| vastutaH unakA geya-sAhitya rAgoM aura deziyoM kA eka 'bRhat koza' bana gayA hai| unake rAgoM meM saMgIta-zailI kI jahA~ gambhIratA evaM saMyatatA hai, vahIM dezI meM svara-vaicitrya evaM capalatA hai| unake dvArA gRhIta evaM nirmApita deziyoM kI Tera paMktiyoM ko aneka paravartI kaviyoM ne vyavahRta kiyA hai| vAstava meM rAgoM tathA deziyoM ko samayasundara ne hI sarvaprathama itane vipula parimANa meM prayukta kiyA thaa| samayasundara ke sUkta-subhASita sArvakAlika evaM sArvabhaumika haiN| unakI sUktiyA~ unake bhAvoM ko sajA-saMvAra kara sajIva banAne evaM vaktavya-kalA ko camakAne meM bahata sahAyaka siddha huI haiN| ina sUktiyoM dvArA unakA nIti, dharma aura darzana Adi se sambandhita bahuAyAmI anubhava kA bodha hotA hai| unhoMne svayaM 'gAthAsahasrI' nAmaka grantha meM lagabhaga 1000 subhASita vacanoM kA bRhat saMkalana kiyA thaa| samayasundara kI racanAoM meM kahAvatoM tathA muhAvaroM ke prayoga se unake arthagaurava kA vistAra huA hai, preSaNIyatA tathA prabhAvotpAdakatA kA vardhana huA hai| saMkSepa meM, samayasundara kI racanAoM meM kAlidAsa kI-sI sarasa kAvya-sRSTi kA darzana hotA hai| SaSTha adhyAya kA niSkarSa SaSTha adhyAya hai, 'samayasundara kA vicaarpkss'| mahopAdhyAya ne dharmadarzana se sambaddha gUr3ha evaM gambhIra viSayoM kA hRdayagrAhI vivecana kiyA hai| vastutaH ve eka praur3ha cintaka evaM vicAraka the| ve siddhAntataH AtmavAdI evaM anIzvaravAdI the| unakI vicAra-dhArAoM kA mUla utsa hai, jaina darzana / kintu una para anya vicAradhArAoM kA bhI prabhAva par3A thaa| unake vicAroM meM dArzanikatA, dhArmikatA evaM naitikatA -- ina tInoM kA saMgama huA hai| unake vicAra samanvayavAdI evaM anAgrahI the| unake jina prAtinidhika vicAroM ko hamane prastuta kiyA hai, usakA sAra yahI hai ki vyakti ko 'khAo, pIo, mauja ur3Ao' kI bhautika bhUmikA athavA bAhya jIvana se Upara uThakara Abhyantara jIvana kA darzana karanA cAhiye aura vivekapUrvaka jJAna, zraddhA evaM cAritra rUpa trividha sAdhanA-mArga meM vicaraNa karanA caahiye| vRtti meM anAsakti, vicAra meM anAgraha, vaiyaktika jIvana meM ahiMsA - yahI saMkSepa meM unakA vaicArika pakSa hai|

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492 mahopAdhyAya samayasundara : vyaktitva evaM kRtitva niSkarSa yaha hai ki mahopAdhyAya samayasundara ke eka vyaktitva meM bahuvidha kRtitva ke darzana hote haiN| zAyada hI aisA koI viSaya ho, jo unase aspRzya rahA ho| zikSA denA, Ananda pradAna karanA aura gRhyatama satyoM ko udghATita karanA, yahI unake sAhitya-nirmANa kA uddezya parilakSita hotA hai| unakA sAhitya bhASA, varNana-kauzala, sAhityika tattva, vicAra ityAdi sabhI dRSTiyoM se samRddha hai| unakA sAhitya kevala kSaNika manoraMjana kA chichalA aura sastA sAdhana nahIM hai, varan samAja ke sthAyI aura zubha jIvana kA pradarzaka hai / vaha dhArmika, vyavasthAmUlaka tathA naitika pRSThabhUmi meM pratiSThita hai| unhoMne aisI-aisI kRtiyoM kA nirmANa kiyA, jo atulya haiN| bhAva, bhASA, vastu-vidhAna - sabhI dRSTiyoM se inakA sAhitya bhAratIya sAhitya ke gaurava ko dviguNita karatA hai| mahAkavi tulasIdAsa kI Takkara kA unake samaya meM yadi koI janakavi thA, to vaha samayasundara the| yathArthataH unake sAhitya ke adhyayana-manana ke binA bhAratIya sAhitya kA itihAsa apUrNa hI rhegaa| ***

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mahopAdhyAya samayasundara ke eka vyaktitva meM bahuvidha kRtitva ke darzana hote haiN| zAyada hI aisA koI viSaya ho jo unase achUtA rahA ho| unakI anupameya evaM aparimita sAhitya-sAdhanA ko dekhate hue unheM jainadharma kA dvitIya hemacandrAcArya kahA jA sakatA hai| zikSA denA, Ananda-pradAna karanA aura gUhyatama satyoM ko udghATita karanA - yahI unake sAhitya-nirmANa kA udezya parilakSita hotA hai| unakA sAhitya kevala kSaNika manoraMjana kA chichalA aura sastA sAdhana nahIM hai, varan samAja ke sthAyI aura zubha jIvana kA pradarzaka hai| vaha dhArmika, vyavasthAmUlaka tathA naitika pRSThabhUmi para pratiSThita hai| unhoMne aisI-aisI kRtiyoM kA nirmANa kiyA, jo atulya haiN| bhASA, varNana-kauzala, sAhityika tattva, vicAra ityAdi sabhI dRSTiyoM se unakA sAhitya bhAratIya sAhitya ke gaurava ko dugunA karatA hai| mahAkavi tulasIdAsa kI Takkara kA unake samaya meM yadi koI anya kavi thA to vaha samayasundara hI the| yathArthataH unake sAhitya ke adhyayana-manana ke binA bhAratIya sAhitya kA itihAsa apUrNa rhegaa| prastuta grantha hai unhIM ke prabhAvI vyaktitva evaM kRtitva kA mahopAdhyAya zrI candraprabha sAgara jI dvArA likhita vistRta anusandhAnaparaka vivecn-vishlessnn| *prakAzaka zrI jaina zve. kharataragaccha saMgha, jodhapura zrI jitayazA phAuMDezana, jayapura