Pramukh Jain Grantho Ka Parichay

Author(s): Veersagar Jain
Publisher: Bharatiya Gyanpith
Catalog link: https://jainqq.org/explore/023269/1

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pramukha jaina granthoM kA paricaya saMkalana evaM sampAdana pro. vIrasAgara jaina

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pramukha jaina granthoM kA paricaya parimANa, vividhatA, guNavattA Adi aneka dRSTiyoM se bhAratIya vAGmaya meM jaina vAGmaya kA vizeSa sthAna hai / prastuta kRti meM isI jaina vAGmaya ke 25 pramukha grantharatnoM kA paricaya evaM sAra prastuta kiyA gayA hai / pustaka kI bhASA-zailI atyanta sarala - subodha rakhI gayI hai, tAki prAkRta, saMskRta, apabhraMza Adi prAcIna bhASAoM meM nibaddha jaina granthoM se sarva sAdhAraNa jana bhI AsAnI se paricita ho sakeM / jaina granthoM meM jJAna-vijJAna kA adbhuta bhaMDAra bharA huA hai, jise aba taka bar3e-bar3e vidvAn hI dekha pAte the| prastuta kRti usa bhaMDAra ke sArvajanika udghATana kA eka laghu prayAsa hai / jaina vAGmaya ko zAstrIya paddhati se cAra anuyogoM meM vibhAjita kiyA gayA hai - prathamAnuyoga, karaNAnuyoga, caraNAnuyoga, dravyAnuyoga / isa pustaka meM ina cAroM hI anuyogoM ke pratinidhi granthoM ke saMgraha kA bhI prayAsa kiyA gayA hai, tAki paramparAgata dRSTi se bhI sampUrNa jaina vAGmaya kA samAveza ho ske| eka paThanIya evaM saMgrahaNIya kRti /

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pramukha jaina granthoM kA paricaya

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prakAzaka / lekhaka kI anumati ke binA isa pustaka ko yA isake kisI aMza ko saMkSipta, parivardhita kara prakAzita karanA yA filma Adi banAnA kAnUnI aparAdha hai|

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pramukha jaina granthoM kA paricaya sampAdaka vIrasAgara jaina bhAratIya jJAnapITha

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mUrtidevI granthamAlA : hindI 62 ISBN 978-93-263-5590-2 pramukha jaina granthoM kA paricaya sampAdaka : pro. vIrasAgara jaina sahAyaka : saritA jaina doSI prakAzaka : bhAratIya jJAnapITha 18, insTITyUzanala eriyA, lodI roDa, nayI dillI-110003 mudraka : vikAsa kampyUTara aiMDa priMTarsa, dillI AvaraNa-sajjA : candrakAnta zarmA (c) bhAratIya jJAnapITha PRAMUKH JAIN GRANTHON KA PARICHAY Edited by Pro. Veersagar Jain Published by Bharatiya Jnanpith 18, Institutional Area, Lodi Road, New Delhi - 110003 Ph.: 011-24698417, 24626467; 23241619 (Daryaganj) Mob. : 9350536020; e-mail : bjnanpith@gmail.com sales@jnanpith.net; website: www.jnanpith.net First Edition: 2017 Price: Rs. 400

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maMgala AzIrvAda "edamhi rado NiccaM, saMtuTTho hohi Niccamedamhi / edeNa hohi titto, hohidi tuha uttamaM saoNkkhaM // " - (AcArya kundakunda, samayasAra, gAthA 206) artha- he bhavya ! tU isa jJAna meM sadA prIti kara isI meM tU sadA santuSTa raha, isase hI tU tRpta raha jJAna meM rati santuSTi aura tRpti se tujhe uttama sukha prApta hogaa| pratiSThA meM. 6.6.2017 jaina dharma jJAnapradhAna hai, ataH jaina dharma ke anuyAthiyoM ko jJAnArAdhanA para bala denA caahie| sAdhu aura zrAvaka donoM ko hI svAdhyAya Avazyaka batAyA hai| bhAratIya jJAnapITha se prakAzita hone vAlI kRti pramukha jaina granthoM kA paricaya dekhakara bahuta acchA lgaa| isake mAdhyama se sabhI ko samyaka jJAna kA lAbha ho -yahI merI maMgala bhAvanA hai| zubhAzI 914 - ( AcArya vidyAnanda muni) zrImAn sAhU akhileza jaina bhAratIya jJAnapITha lodI roDa, naI dillI-110003

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paramapUjya AcArya zrI prajJasAgarajI munirAja kA maMgala AzIrvAda 'ajjhayaNameva jhANaM' "vijjArahamArUDho maNorahapahesu bhA~da jo cedaa| so jiNaNANapahAvI sammAdiTThI mnnedvvo|" ardha-jo AtmA vidyA (jJAna) rUpI ratha meM Arur3ha hokara manoratha mArga meM bhramaNa karatA hai, use jinendradeva ke jJAna ko prabhAvanA karane vAlA samyagdRSTi (mananapUrvaka) jAnanA caahiye| jaina grantha jaina saMskRti ke vAhaka, unnAyaka aura pracAraka haiN| SaTkhaNDAgama evaM kaSAyapAhuDa-ye aise do mahAna grantha haiM, jinakA sambandha sIdhe bhagavAna mahAvIra svAmI ko dvAdazAMga vANI se hai| isI ke mAdhyama se anekoM AcAryoM ne jova-mImAMsA evaM karma-mImAMsA kara aneka rahasyoM kA udghATana kiyA hai| Aja bhI vartamAna meM aneka prAcIna grantha sudhIjanoM ko par3hane ke lie upalabdha ho rahe haiM, kintu kina pramukha AcAyoM ne jaina sAhitya jagata ke lie kyA yogadAna diyA, isake lie bhAratIya jJAnapITha se pramukha jaina granthoM kA paricaya nAmaka kRti kA prakAzana ho rahA hai, joki sarAhanIya kArya hai| isake paThana-pAThana se sabhI jijJAsuoM ko eka naI dizA milegii| sampAdaka evaM prakAzaka ko merA maMgala AzIvAda hai| Apa zatAyu hoM. isI taraha jaina zAsana ko prabhAvanA karate rheN| Bionais (AcArya prajJasAgara guni) pratiSThA meM, zrImAna sAhU akhileza jaina bhAratIya jJAnapITha lodI roDa, naI dillI-110003

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prastuti jaina sAhitya paramparA apane Apa meM bahuta samRddha rahI hai| sAkSAt tIrthaMkara bhagavAna ke divyajJAna (kevalajJAna) ke dvArA dikhAe gaye vizva ke svarUpa ko, tIrthaMkara aura gautama gaNadhara kI vANI ko aura unake upadezoM ko hamAre AcAryoM ne jaina granthoM ke rUpa meM sajAyA aura sa~vArA hai| jaina sAhitya paramparA meM hamAre AcAryoM ne athaka parizrama se saMskRta, prAkRta aura apabhraMza Adi aneka bhASAoM meM hajAroM mahattvapUrNa granthoM kI racanA kI hai| ina granthoM meM AcAryoM ne hameM jJAna, vijJAna, adhyAtma, bhUgola, khagola, gaNita, rAjanIti, jyotiSa, kalA, vAstu, darzana, dhyAna, yoga, itihAsa, bhedavijJAna aura manovijJAna Adi aneka mahattvapUrNa viSayoM kA sampUrNa jJAna pradAna kiyA hai| parantu vartamAna samaya meM Ama janatA ina mahattvapUrNa granthoM dvArA, ina viSayoM se paricita nahIM ho pA rahI hai| kyoMki granthoM kI bhASA kaThina hotI hai aura AkAra bhI adhika hotA hai| alpajJAna aura samaya abhAva ke kAraNa bahuta se zrAvaka ina granthoM kA adhyayana nahIM kara pAte haiN| ataH hamArI aisI bhAvanA thI ki hama Ama janatA ke lie sarala bhASA meM eka aisI pustaka kI racanA kareM, jisameM eka sAtha kucha pramukha mahattvapUrNa granthoM kA paricaya ho, tAki Ama janatA saralatA se kama samaya meM hI mahattvapUrNa granthoM se paricita ho ske| isI bhAvanA ko dhyAna meM rakhate hue Ama janatA ke lie samarpita hai yaha pustaka pramukha jaina granthoM kA pricy'| isa pustaka meM pramukha jaina granthoM kA paricaya, granthoM kA mahattva unakI viSayavastu evaM kisa grantha meM kyA-kyA viSaya diyA gayA hai, isako hamane sarala bhASA meM samajhAne kA prayAsa kiyA hai| . . ---

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isa pustaka ko par3hakara nizcaya hI pAThakagaNa jaina dharma ke sAhitya evaM mahattva se paricita ho sakeMge tathA pAThaka mUlagranthoM ke samIpa bhI jarUra phuNceNge| use mUla granthoM ko par3hane kI preraNA bhI milegii| aisA hamArA vizvAsa hai / isa pustaka ke sampAdaka pro. vIrasAgara jaina kA AbhAra vyakta karatA hU~ / unhoMne granthoM ke viSaya cayana se lekara granthoM ke saralIkaraNa jaise mahattvapUrNa evaM zramasAdhya kArya ke lie apanA atulanIya yogadAna diyA / unakI vidvattA evaM athaka parizrama ke kAraNa hI isa pustaka ko mUrtarUpa pradAna kiyA gayA / sabhI granthoM kA sarala evaM saMkSipta paricaya likhane kA kArya DaoN. saritA jaina dozI ne sazrama pUrNa kiyA / bhAratIya jJAnapITha ke nidezaka lIlAdhara maMDaloI evaM DaoN. saMjaya dube - ina donoM ko bhI dhanyavAda detA hU~ ki inhoMne isa pustaka ke kArya sampAdana meM apanA pUrA sahayoga diyaa| dasa - sAhU akhileza jaina prabandha nyAsI, bhAratIya jJAnapITha

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sampAdakIya bhAratIya jJAnapITha ke prabandha nyAsI sAhU zrI akhileza jaina bar3e hI sAhityAnurAgI satpuruSa haiM / unakI bar3I tIvra bhAvanA thI ki jaina dharma ke pramukha granthoM se Aja kI Ama janatA ko paricita karAyA jaae| jaina grantha jJAna-vijJAna ke adbhuta bhaMDAra haiM aura unakI bAteM Aja hajAroM varSoM bAda bhI bar3I vaijJAnika aura jIvanopayogI siddha ho rahI haiM / parantu ve grantha prAkRta - saMskRta bhASA meM likhe hue haiM aura jo unake anuvAda milate haiM ve bhI purAnI bhASA - zailI meM hone se jaTila se hI haiM, jisase Aja kI pIr3hI unakI ora AkarSita nahIM hotI hai, unheM ThIka se samajha bhI nahIM pAtI hai, ataH una jaina granthoM kA paricaya aisI sarala- - subodha bhASA-zailI meM likhA jAnA cAhie ki use Aja kA hara AdamI AsAnI se samajha sake / zrImAna sAhUjI ne apanI bhAvanA aneka bAra mere sAmane rakhI aura mujhase bahuta Agraha kiyA ki isa kArya ko maiM karU~, parantu vyastatAvaza maiM yaha kArya nahIM kara para rahA thaa| AkhirakAra unhoMne zrImatI DaoN. saritA jaina dozI ko isa kArya ke lie bhAratIya jJAnapITha meM niyukta kiyaa| mujhe bahuta prasannatA hai ki saritA jaina ne parizrama karake isa kArya ko sampanna kiyA / maiMne isa kArya ko prArambha se lekara anta taka lagAtAra dekhA hai, isakI pUrI yojanA banAI hai aura isameM aneka bAra saMzodhana-sampAdana ke kArya kiye haiM / saritA jaina ke sAtha baiThakara isameM yatra-tatra zabdoM aura vAkyoM ke parivartana hI nahIM, pUre ke pUre adhyAya ke punarlekhana taka ke prayAsa kiye haiM / hamane bahuta koziza kI hai ki yaha kRti sAhUjI ke svapnoM ke anurUpa banAI jAe jisase pAThaka sarala zabdoM ko dekhakara AsAnI se isa kRti kA adhyayana kara sakeM aura AsAnI se samajha sakeM / zrImAna sAhUjI ne bhI apanA bahumUlya samaya nikAlakara isa pUrI kRti ko aura samajhA hai / jahA~-kahIM kaThina zabda A rahe the, unako sarala artha meM par3hA gyAraha

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parivartita karAyA hai| unakI bhAvanA ko dekhate hue hamane isa kRti ke anta meM 'sarala - zabdAvalI' bhI dI hai| isa kRti meM hamane abhI vistArabhaya ke kAraNa mAtra 25 pramukha granthoM kA hI paricaya likhA hai, kintu abhI anekAneka mahattvapUrNa grantha chUTa gaye haiM, jinakA paricaya hama agale khaMDa meM likhane kA prayAsa kreNge| pAThaka yahA~ aisA na samajheM ki chUTe hue grantha mahattvapUrNa nahIM haiM / isa kRti meM hamane cAroM hI anuyogoM se granthoM ko cunA hai aura unheM isI krama meM yahA~ rakhane kA prayAsa kiyA hai, parantu phira bhI isa viSaya meM bhI bahuta sakhtI nahIM rakhI hai, kyoMki sabhI grantha samAna haiM, mahAna haiM / eka bAra sabhI granthoM ko kAlakramAnusAra rakhane kA bhI bhAva mana meM AyA thA, parantu usakI bhI upekSA karanI par3I, kyoMki usameM bhI sabase pahale kaSAyapAhuDa aura SaTkhaMDAgama kA krama AtA, jo sAmAnya pAThaka ko kaThinAI ke kAraNa virakta kara sakatA thA / sAmAnya pAThakoM ko dhyAna meM rakhate hue hI hamane yahA~ karaNAnuyoga ke granthoM kI viSaya-vastu kA paricaya vistAra se nahIM diyA hai, use bahuta hI saMkSipta kara diyA hai / jinheM unake viSaya meM vizeSa jijJAsA hogI, unheM una mUla granthoM kA hI sahArA lenA hogaa| kula milAkara isa kRti ko hamane sarala se sarala rakhane para hI vizeSa dhyAna diyA hai / yahI kAraNa hai ki aneka sthAnoM para jaina zAstroM kI pAribhASika zabdAvalI se bhI bacane kA prayAsa kiyA hai aura usakI jagaha Aja ke saralasubodha zabdoM se hI kAma calAyA hai| yadyapi zAstrIya zabdoM meM jo bhAva hotA hai vaha dUsare zabdoM meM nahIM A pAtA hai, para saralatA ke lie aisA khatarA mola le liyA hai| zAstrIya vidvAna kSamA kareM aura mArgadarzana karane kI kRpA kareM, tAki agale saMskaraNa meM galatI kA sudhAra kiyA jA ske| isa prakAra yaha kRti sAmAnya pAThakoM ko to jaina tattvajJAna se lAbhAnvita karegI hI, jaina vidyA ke navodita lekhakoM ko bhI yaha preraNA degI ki Aja ke samaya meM jaina tattvajJAna ko atyanta sarala - subodha zailI meM prastuta karane kI bar3I AvazyakatA hai, anyathA bhaviSya meM jaina tattvajJAna kA saMrakSaNa karanA bahuta muzkila ho jaaegaa| jaina tattvajJAna sadA hI sarala-subodha bhASA-zailI meM prastuta kiyA jAtA rahA hai, vaha kabhI bhI eka hI bhASA-zailI kI kaTTaratA kA pakSadhara nahIM rahA hai| jaba jaisI bhASA-zailI adhikAMza logoM meM pracalita rahI, taba usI bhASA - zailI meM bAraha

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jaina lekhakoM ne apanI bAta kahI hai| unhoMne bhASA ko nahIM, bhAvoM ko adhika mahattva diyA hai| aba yaha kRti pAThakoM ke hAthoM meM sAdara samarpita kI jA rahI hai| hama AzA karate haiM ki pAThaka avazya hI isakA adhyayana kareMge aura ise pasanda bhI kreNge| isa kRti ke adhyayana se unheM bar3A lAbha hogaa| ve jaina dharma ke 25 mahAna granthoM kI sampUrNa viSaya-vastu se saMkSepa meM saralatApUrvaka paricita ho jaaeNge| tathA isake dvArA unheM una mUla granthoM meM praveza kI kSamatA bhI prApta ho skegii| AzA hai sabhI loga hamArI bhAvanA samajheMge aura isa sundara kRti kA lAbha Anandita hokara utthaaeNge| yadi abhI bhI ApakA koI sujhAva ho to hameM avazya batAe~, tAki bhaviSya meM sabhI ko usakA lAbha mila ske| - pro. vIrasAgara jaina teraha

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mahApurANa (AdipurANa, uttarapurANa) padmapurANa harivaMzapurANa gommaTasAra anukrama kaSAyapAhuDa (jayadhavalA) SaTkhaNDAgama (dhavalA, mahAdhavalA) tiloyapaNNattI bhaktAmara stotra ratnakaraNDa zrAvakAcAra puruSArthasiddhiyupAya chahaDhAlA dharmAmRta (anagAra, sAgAra) dravyasaMgraha tattvArthasUtra iSTopadeza samAdhitantra kArtikeyAnuprekSA bhagavatI ArAdhanA mUlAcAra paramAtmaprakAza nayacakra samayasAra pravacanasAra - niyamasAra jJAnArNava pariziSTa ( sarala - zabdAvalI ) pandraha 17 32 44 55 68 77 87 95 105 124 139 148 162 172 181 182 186 200 206 213 220 228 240 250 258 273

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mahApurANa (AdipurANa aura uttarapurANa) jaina sAhitya cAra bhAgoM meM vibhAjita hai - 1. prathamAnuyoga 2. karaNAnuyoga 3. caraNAnuyoga 4. dravyAnuyoga inameM se yahA~ hama sarvaprathama prathamAnuyoga ke pramukha granthoM kA paricaya likha rahe haiN| prathamAnuyoga meM mukhya rUpa se purANa, mahApurANa prApta hote haiM; isalie prathamAnuyoga ko jAnane ke lie sarvaprathama hamane tIna pramukha purANoM kA paricaya diyA hai| ve haiM - mahApurANa, padmapurANa aura harivaMza purANa / purANoM kA mahattva sabase pahale purANoM kA kyA mahattva hai, unake adhyayana se kyA lAbha hai, ina purANoM meM kyA-kyA varNita hai - ina saba praznoM ke uttara dete hue mahApurANa aura purANa ke mahattva aura AvazyakatA para prakAza DAleMge / 1. sabase pramukha bAta yaha hai ki purANoM meM dharma, artha, kAma aura mokSa cAroM puruSArthoM kA varNana hotA hai / 2. cakravartI, nArAyaNa, pratinArAyaNa aura tIrthaMkaroM ke caritra kA varNana purANoM meM kiyA jAtA hai| 3. purANa apane kAla ke jJAnakoza hote haiN| inameM itihAsa, bhUgola, saMskRti, samAja, rAjanIti aura arthazAstra Adi viSayoM kA samAveza hotA hai / 4. samakAlIna paristhitiyoM aura sAmAjika samasyAoM kA varNana hotA hai / 5. purANa paravartI saikar3oM granthoM ke upajIvI hote haiM arthAt kathAkoza aura caritra Adi granthoM kA AdhAra purANa hI hote haiM / rasa, chanda, alaMkAra, mahApurANa (AdipurANa aura uttarapurANa ) :: 17

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gAthAe~, manoraMjana aura rahasya Adi viSayoM kA samAveza purANoM meM hotA hai| 6. jaina purANoM kI sabase pramukha bAta yaha hai ki jaina purANoM meM vaMza-paramparA kA varNana mukhya rUpa se nahIM milatA hai, jaisA vaidika purANoM meM milatA hai| jaina purANoM meM to janma ko nahIM karma ko mahAna mAnA hai, ata: unameM vaMzaparamparA ke sthAna para bhavoM kI paramparA kA varNana milatA hai| jaiseAdinAtha bhagavAna ke pUrva daza bhava, caubIsa tIrthaMkaroM, rAma, sItA aura hanumAna sabhI mokSagAmI jIvoM ke pUrva bhavoM kA varNana purANoM meM milatA hai| zarIra nahIM, AtmA ajara-amara hai / yahI vizeSatA vaidika purANoM se jaina purANoM ko bhinna aura mahattvapUrNa banAtI hai| 7. eka vizeSa bAta yaha hai ki purANoM meM prathamAnuyoga ke sAtha caraNAnuyoga, karaNAnuyoga aura dravyAnuyoga ke viSaya bhI vidyamAna rahate haiM / jaise-- caraNAnuyoga ke granthoM meM jina AcAra, siddhAnta aura sallekhanA Adi kI zikSA dI jAtI hai, purANoM meM tIrthaMkara, cakravartI, rAjA-mahArAjA Adi unhIM AcaraNoM kA pUrNa pAlana karate hue mokSa prApta karate haiN| isI taraha karaNAnuyoga aura dravyAnuyoga ke viSaya bhI purANoM meM dikhAI dete haiN| ataH hama kaha sakate haiM ki jo zikSA tInoM anuyogoM meM dI jAtI hai, usakA udAharaNa aura usakA pAlana prathamAnuyoga meM arthAt purANoM meM milatA hai| 8. purANa hameM jIvana jIne kI kalA sikhAte haiN| bure pariNAmoM ke phala ko samajhAte haiM aura acche pariNAmoM ke phala ko bhI samajhAte haiN| koI bar3A rAjA, mahArAjA aura mahAtapasvI sAdhu bhI bure pariNAmoM se kaise patita aura garIba ho jAtA hai aura dIna, hIna, garIba aura pApI se pApI cora bhI apane pariNAmoM ko sudhArakara kaise Upara uTha jAtA hai - yaha zikSA hameM purANoM se milatI hai| jIvana ke utthAna aura patana kA saTIka citraNa purANoM meM milatA hai| purANoM se hama utthAna aura patana ke kAraNa jAnakara utthAna kI zikSA grahaNa kara sakate haiN| 9. hamArA saubhAgya hai ki hama purANoM dvArA tIrthaMkaroM, zalAkA puruSoM, rAma, lakSmaNa, hanumAna aura kRSNa Adi mokSagAmI jIvoM ke jIvana-caritra ko par3ha sakate haiM, jAna sakate haiM aura caritra meM dhAraNa kara sakate haiN| vAstava meM hama purANoM aura mahApurANoM ke prati RNI haiM, jinake dvArA hama itihAsa, sAhitya aura darzana Adi aneka viSayoM ko jAna sakate haiN| aba hama sarvaprathama mahApurANa kA paricaya likhate haiN| yaha do bhAgoM meM 18 :: pramukha jaina granthoM kA paricaya

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vibhakta hai-AdipurANa aura uttarapurANa / AdipurANa meM prathama tIrthaMkara AdinAtha kA varNana hai aura uttarapurANa meM zeSa 23 tIrthaMkaroM kaa| mahApurANa kA adhyayana karane para kucha mahattvapUrNa viSayoM para cintana karanA Avazyaka hai| ye cintana Apako vaidika paramparA se jaina paramparA kA antara aura mahattva batA sakatA hai| 1. sabase pahalI bAta yaha hai ki loka meM brahmA nAma se prasiddha jo deva haiM, vaha jaina paramparAnusAra bhagavAna vRSabhadeva hI haiM, aura koI nahIM haiN| spaSTIkaraNa ke lie AdipurANa grantha kI prastAvanA pRSTha 15 dekheN| 2. rAjA vRSabhadeva ne hI apane rAjya meM varNa-vyavasthA kI thii| kSatriya, vaizya aura zUdra ye tIna varNa guNoM ke anusAra aura AjIvikA ke AdhAra para sthApita kie the, janma ke AdhAra para nhiiN| yaha rAjya-vyavasthA thI, dharmavyavasthA nahIM thii| 3. bharata cakravartI ne rAjya-vyavasthA meM saMzodhana kiyA aura jo dharma aura aNuvratadhArI the, unakA sammAna karane ke vicAra se 'brAhmaNa' varNa kI sthApanA kI thii| 4. bharata cakravartI ne bhavya aura sanmArgI ajaina vyakti ko bhI jaina dIkSA dene kA upadeza diyA thaa| mithyAtva se dUSita vyaktiyoM ko sanmArga para lAne ke lie dIkSAnvaya kriyAoM kA upadeza diyA thaa| 5. samAja vyavasthA ko dRr3ha banAne ke lie garbha se lekara sabhI kriyAoM kA vistAra se upadeza diyA thaa| ye sArI vyavasthA jAti aura janma ke AdhAra para nahIM apitu karma aura sanmArga ke lie kI gayI thii| ataH sabhI zrAvakoM ko eka bAra AdipurANa kA adhyayana avazya karanA caahie| 6. bhagavAna vRSabhadeva ne strI-zikSA aura strI-sammAna Adi viSayoM para vizeSa jora diyA thaa| ina granthoM ke adhyayana se yaha spaSTa ho jAtA hai ki bhagavAna vRSabhadeva aura bharata cakravartI ne ahiMsA Adi vratoM aura sadAcAra kI mukhyatA para vizeSa jora diyA thaa| koI bhI vyakti inhIM ke kAraNa ucca aura zreSTha kahA jAtA thaa| jAti nAmakarma ke udaya se manuSyajAti eka hI hai, AjIvikA ke bheda se hI usake brAhmaNa Adi cAra bheda prApta hote haiM-bharata-cakravartI ke ye vicAra vartamAna samaya meM cintanIya aura prAsaMgika haiN| ina para avazya dhyAna denA caahie| mahApurANa (AdipurANa aura uttarapurANa) :: 19

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grantha ke nAma kA artha purAnI bAta ko purANa kahate haiM / jaba yaha bAta mahApuruSoM ke viSaya meM kahI jAtI hai, yA mahAna AcAryoM dvArA upadeza ke rUpa meM batAI jAtI hai taba vaha mahApurANa kahalAtI hai| prastuta grantha 'mahApurANa' jaina purANazAstroM meM mukuTamaNirUpa hai| isameM 24 tIrthaMkara, 12 cakravartI, 9 nArAyaNa, 9 pratinArAyaNa, 9 balabhadra - ina 63 zalAkApuruSoM kA jIvana-caritra varNita hai| isakA dUsarA nAma triSaSTilakSaNa - mahApurANasaMgraha bhI hai| isakI racanA AThavIM - navIM zatI meM huI thI / granthakAra kA paricaya mahApurANa ke do khaMDa haiM, prathama AdipurANa aura dvitIya uttarapurANa / AdipurANa 47 parvoM meM pUrNa huA hai, jisake 42 parva pUrNa tathA 43veM parva ke 3 zloka bhagavajjinasenAcArya ke dvArA likhita haiM aura zeSa 5 parva tathA uttarapurANa zrI jinasenAcArya ke pramukha ziSya zrI guNabhadrAcArya ke dvArA likhita haiN| zrI jinasenAcArya : AcArya jinasena (dvitIya) pratibhA aura kalpanA advitIya dhanI haiM / ye apane yuga ke mahAna vidvAna aura kAvyaracanA meM atyanta vidvAna rahe haiM / yahI kAraNa hai ki inheM ' bhagavata jinasenAcArya' kahA jAtA hai / inake guru kA nAma vIrasena thA / inakA samaya I. 9vIM zatI kA mAnA jAtA hai| AcArya jinasena kAvya, vyAkaraNa, nATaka, darzana, alaMkAra, AcAra, karmasiddhAnta Adi anekAneka viSayoM ke jJAtA the / ApakI tIna racanAe~ upalabdha hotI haiM - pArvAbhyudaya, AdipurANa aura jayadhavalA ttiikaa| isake atirikta eka 'vardhamAnacarita' kI bhI sUcanA prApta hotI hai, parantu vaha kRti abhI taka upalabdha nahIM huI hai| zrI guNabhadrAcArya : guNabhadrAcArya jinasena (dvitIya) ke ziSya the| inakA samaya 820 I. 9vIM zatI kA antima caraNa mAnA jAtA hai| zrIguNabhadrAcArya saMskRta bhASA ke zreSTha kavi, utkRSTa jJAnI aura mahAna tapasvI the / ApakA samasta jIvana sAhitya-sAdhanA meM hI vyatIta huA hai| ApakI tIna racanAe~ upalabdha hotI haiM - uttarapurANa, AtmAnuzAsana aura jinadattacaritakAvya / isake atirikta Apane apane guru kI apUrNa kRti AdipurANa 20 :: pramukha jaina granthoM kA paricaya

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ko bhI pUrNa karane kA mahAna kArya kiyaa| sarasatA aura saralatA ke sAtha prasAda guNa bhI ApakI racanAoM meM labAlaba bharA hai| grantha kA mahattva 1. mahApurANa sAhitya kA eka anupama ratna hai| yaha purANa, mahAkAvya, dharmakathA, dharmazAstra, rAjanItizAstra, AcArazAstra aura yuga kI AdyavyavasthA ko batalAnevAlA mahAna itihAsa grantha hai| 2. mahApurANa subhASitoM kA bhaMDAra hai| jisa prakAra samudra se mahAmUlya ratnoM kI utpatti hotI hai, usI prakAra isa purANa se subhASita rUpI ratnoM kI utpatti hotI hai| 3. yaha eka Akara grantha hai| purANa hote hue bhI isameM itihAsa, bhUgola, saMskRti, samAja, rAjanIti aura arthazAstra Adi viSayoM kA samAveza hai| 4. AdipurANa aura uttarapurANa meM pUre 63 zalAkApuruSoM kA citraNa hai| vAstava __ meM yaha bar3A mahattvapUrNa grantha hai| isake AdhAra para hI aneka granthoM kI racanA huI hai| 5. isa mahApurANa meM bhagavAna AdinAtha dvArA asi, masi aura kRSi Adi kI vyavasthA, zikSA vyavasthA aura nArI zikSA, sammAna evaM solaha saMskAra Adi-Adi viSayoM ko vistAra se samajhAyA hai| 6. cakravartI bharata ne varNa vyavasthA, brAhmaNocita saMskAra tathA garbha se lekara dIkSA taka kI sabhI kriyAoM kA vistAra se upadeza diyA hai| ajaina ko bhI dIkSA grahaNa karane ke saMskAra kA upadeza diyA hai| vAstava meM ina sArI vizeSatAoM ke kAraNa hI mahApurANa jaina saMskRti kA AdhAra hai| yaha bahuta mahattvapUrNa mahAgrantha hai| grantha kI kathA AdipurANa eka bAra rAjA zreNika ne samavazaraNa sabhA meM khar3e hokara AdinAtha bhagavAna kA caritra sunane kI prArthanA kii| taba gautama gaNadhara ne AdinAtha caritra kahanA prArambha kiyaa| mahApurANa (AdipurANa aura uttarapurANa) :: 21

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bhagavAna AdinAtha ke pUrvabhava kA paricaya jambUdvIpa meM merUparvata ke videha kSetra meM eka gandhilA nAmaka deza hai, isake madhyabhAga meM vijayArdha parvata ke uttara meM eka alakA nAma kI zreSTha purI (nagarI) hai| usa alakApurI kA rAjA atibala nAma kA vidyAdhara zUravIra aura zatru-samUha ko jItanevAlA thaa| usakI manoharA nAma kI rAnI thii| una donoM ke atizaya bhAgyazAlI mahAbala nAma kA putra thaa| eka dina mahArAja atibala ne viSayabhogoM se virakta hokara apane balazAlI putra mahAbala ko rAjya dekara dIkSA grahaNa kara lii| rAjA mahAbala daiva aura puruSArtha donoM se sampanna thaa| aneka vidyAdharoM kA svAmI rAjA mahAbala ke cAra mantrI mahAmati, sambhinnamati, zatamati aura svayaMbuddha the, jo mahAbuddhimAna, snehI aura dIrghadarzI the| una cAroM mantriyoM meM svayaMbuddha nAmaka mantrI zuddha samyagdRSTi thA, bAkI tIna mantrI mithyAdRSTi the| ___ eka dina mahAbala ne apanI Ayu kA kSaya nikaTa jAnakara ASTAhnika parva para vizeSa mahApUjA kI aura putra ko rAjya dekara vijayArdha ke siddhakUTa parvata para bAIsa dina kI sallekhanA dhAraNa kii| sallekhanA ke prabhAva se rAjA mahAbala kA jIva aizAna svarga meM zrIprabha nAma ke atizaya sundara vimAna meM bar3I Rddhi kA dhAraka lalitAMga nAma kA deva huaa| isa deva kI cAra hajAra deviyA~ tathA cAra mahAdeviyA~-svayaMprabhA, kanakaprabhA, kanakalatA aura vidyallatA thiiN| Ayu ke chaha mAha bAkI rahane para lalitAMga deva ne acyuta svarga meM jinapratimAoM kI pUjA kI aura paMcanamaskAra mantra kA jApa karate hue svarga kI Ayu pUrNa kii| lalitAMgadeva svarga se nikalakara jambUdvIpa ke pUrva videha kSetra meM puSkalAvatI deza ke utpalakheTa nAmaka nagara meM rAjA vajrabAhu aura rAnI vasundharA ke 'vajrajaMgha' nAma kA putra huaa| usakI svayaMprabhA devI kA jIva puMDarIkiNI nagarI ke rAjA vajradanta aura lakSmImatI rAnI ke zrImatI' nAma se prasiddha putrI huii| eka dina yazodharA guru ke kevalajJAna ke mahotsava ke lie jAnevAle devoM ko dekhakara zrImatI ko pUrvabhava kA smaraNa ho gayA aura vaha lalitAMga deva kA smaraNa kara dukhI ho gyii| paNDitA dhAya aura rAjA vajradanta ke prayAsoM dvArA zrImatI aura vajrajaMgha kA vivAha bar3e vaibhava ke sAtha sampanna ho gyaa| donoM jinAlaya meM darzana karate haiM aura dharma, artha aura kAma tIna vargoM ke anusAra rAjya 22 :: pramukha jaina granthoM kA paricaya

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saMcAlana tathA bhogopabhoga karate hue apanA jIvana vyatIta karate haiN| eka dina zayanAgAra meM zayana karate hue donoM kI Akasmika mRtyu ho jAtI hai| pAtradAna ke prabhAva se donoM hI jambUdvIpa ke videha kSetra meM sthita uttara kuru meM Arya-AryA ho jAte haiN| ___ Ayu ke anta samaya meM do cAraNa RddhidhArI munirAja ke darzana aura upadeza se donoM Arya AryA videha kSetra se nikalakara aizAna svarga meM deva hue| vajrajaMgha zrIdhara nAma kA deva hotA hai| zrIdhara deva Ayu pUrNa karake svarga se cyuta hokara jambUdvIpa ke pUrvavideha kSetra meM mahAvatsa deza ke susImA nagara meM sudRSTi rAjA kI sundaranandA rAnI se suvidhi nAma kA putra huaa| suvidhi ne pitA kI AjJA se rAjya grahaNa kiyA tathA abhayaghoSa cakravartI kI putrI manoramA ke sAtha pANigrahaNa kiyaa| zrImatI kA jIva ina donoM ke kezava nAma kA putra huaa| putra prema ke kAraNa rAjA suvidhi ghara meM hI zrAvaka ke vrata pAlana karate rahe, anta samaya meM dIkSA lekara samAdhi ke prabhAva se solahaveM svarga meM indra hue| kezava bhI tapasyA ke prabhAva se usI acyuta svarga meM pratIndra huaa| vajrajaMgha kA jIva acyutendra svarga se nikalakara puMDarIka nagarI meM rAjA vajrasena aura rAnI zrIkAntA ke vajranAbhi putra huaa| kezava kA jIva bhI usI nagara meM vaizya dampatI ke dhanadeva nAma kA putra huaa| __mahArAja vajrasena ke dIkSita ho jAne para mahArAja vajranAbhi ne kuzalatApUrvaka rAjya saMcAlana kiyaa| vajranAbhi ke AyudhagRha (yuddhazAlA) meM cakraratna prakaTa huaa| jisase unhoMne samasta pRthvI ko jIta liyaa| dhanadeva kA jIva cakravartI kI nidhiyoM aura ratnoM meM gRhapati nAma kA tejasvI ratna huaa| mahArAja vajranAbhi ne vajradanta nAmaka putra ko rAjya sauMpakara aneka rAjAoM, putroM, bhAiyoM aura dhanadeva ke sAtha dIkSA grahaNa kI aura darzanavizuddhi Adi solaha kAraNa bhAvanAoM kA cintavana kara tIrthaMkara prakRti kA bandha kiyA aura Ayu ke anta meM saMnyAsa dhAraNa kiyaa| anta meM sarvArthasiddhi meM ahamindra pada ko prApta huaa| bhagavAna vRSabhadeva carita sandhikAla ke samaya isI jambUdvIpa ke bharata kSetra meM vijayArdha parvata se dakSiNa kI ora madhyama Arya khaMDa meM nAbhirAja hue| ve nAbhirAja caudaha kulakaroM meM antima mahApurANa (AdipurANa aura uttarapurANa) :: 23

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kulakara the| unakI marudevI nAmakI rAnI thii| bhagavAna 'vRSabhadeva' janma lenevAle haiM, indra ne aisA jAnakara ayodhyApurI kI racanA kI, nAbhirAja aura marudevI ko bahuta hI bhaktibhAva se usa nagarI meM praveza karAyA aura unakI pUjA-stuti kI / garbha kalyANaka eka dina marudevI ne sote samaya jinendradeva ke janma kI sUcanA denevAle tathA zubha phala denevAle solaha svapna dekhe aura prAtaH kAla nAbhirAja se svapnoM kA phala kara para harSa ko prApta huI / usI samaya zrI, hI Adi deviyA~ mAtA marudevI kI sevA zuzrUSA karane lagI / indrAdi deva bhI garbha kA utsava manAte haiM aura nagarI meM ratnavRSTi karate haiM / janma kalyANaka caitra kRSNa navamI ke zubha muhUrtta meM mAtA marudevI ne mati, zruta aura avadhijJAna se yukta aura tInoM lokoM ke ekamAtra svAmI, daidIpyamAna putra ko janma diyaa| usI samaya indra ayodhyA nagarI meM sabhI devoM ke sAtha Ate haiM aura bhagavAna kI stuti karate hue bhagavAna ko goda meM lekara airAvata hAthI para ArUr3ha hokara sumerU parvata para le gye| vahA~ pAMDukavana ke susajjita abhiSeka maMDapa ke madhya meM pAMDuka zilA para jinabAlaka ko virAjamAna kiyaa| saudharma aura aizAna indra ne kSIrasAgara jala se bhare hue 1008 kalazoM dvArA bhagavAna kA abhiSeka kiyA / indrANI ne jinabAlaka ke zarIra meM sugandhita dravyoM kA lepa lagAkara bhagavAna kI stuti karate sampUrNa vaibhava ke sAtha ayodhyAnagarI meM praveza karAkara tAMDavanRtya kiyA aura bhagavAna kA 'vRSabha' nAma rakhA aura deva - bAlakoM ko bhagavAna kI sevA meM niyukta kiyaa| isa prakAra ve jinendrarUpI candramA nakSatroM ke samAna devakumAroM ke sAtha krIr3A karate hue bAlacandramA ke samAna dhIre-dhIre vRddhi ko prApta hone lage / pitA nAbhirAja ne indra kI sammati se kaccha aura mahAkaccha kI bahaneM yazasvatI aura sunandA se RSabhadeva kA vivAha kiyaa| pitA kI AjJA se rAjyapada grahaNa kara RSabhadeva ne prajA ko atyanta santuSTa kiyA / bharata kA janma kisI dina mahAdevI yazasvatI ne sote samaya zubha svapna dekhaa| bhagavAna vRSabhadeva se 24 :: pramukha jaina granthoM kA paricaya

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svapnoM kA phala 'cakravartI putra hogA' aisA jAnakara vaha bahuta prasanna huI / usI samaya vyAghra kA jIva jo ki sarvArthasiddhi meM ahamendra thA, vahA~ se nikalakara yazasvatI ke putraratna ke rUpa meM utpanna huaa| vaha bhujAoM se pRthvI kA AliMgana karatA huA utpanna huA, isalie nimitta jJAniyoM ne 'yaha putra cakravartI hogA' aisI ghoSaNA kI, aura samasta bharata kSetra ke adhipati honevAle usa putra ko 'bharata' nAma se pukArA / yazasvatI mahAdevI se bharata sahita ninyAnave putra aura brAhmI nAma kI putrI utpanna huI / bAhubalI kA janma Ananda purohita kA jIva, jo pahale mahAbAhu thA aura phira sarvArthasiddhi meM ahamindra huA thA, vaha vahA~ se cyuta hokara bhagavAna RSabhadeva kI dvitIya patnI sunandA ke deva ke samAna parama parAkramI bAhubalI nAma kA putra aura sundarI nAma kI putrI huii| balavAna yuvA bAhubalI caubIsa kAmadevoM meM pahale kAmadeva hue| bharata ne krama se bAlaka aura kumAra avasthA ke bAda netroM ko Ananda denevAlI yuvAvasthA prApta kI / bhagavAna ne brAhmI aura sundarI donoM putriyoM ko aMkavidyA aura lipividyA sikhAI, tathA sabhI putroM ko arthazAstra, nRtyazAstra aura gandharvazAstra Adi aneka zAstrAdhyayana karAyA / isa prakAra aneka prakAra ke bhogoM kA anubhava karate hue bhagavAna ne bIsa lAkha pUrva varSoM kA kumArakAla pUrNa kiyA / usa samaya kalpavRkSoM ke naSTa ho jAne ke bAda, binA boye dhAna se logoM kI AjIvikA hotI thI, parantu kAlakrama se jaba vaha dhAna bhI naSTa ho gaye, taba bhagavAna vRSabhadeva ne avadhijJAna se videhakSetra kI vyavasthA cAlU kara dI / asi, masi, kRSi, vidyA, zilpa aura vANijya ina chaha kAryoM se logoM kI AjIvikA calane lgii| karmabhUmi prArambha ho gyii| usa samaya kI sArI vyavasthA bhagavAna vRSabhadeva ne apane buddhibala se kI thI / isalie yahI AdipuruSa, brahmA, vidhAtA Adi nAmoM se sammAnita hue| bhagavAna ne hA, mA aura dhik ina tInoM daNDoM kI vyavasthA kI / isa prakAra rAjya karate hue bhagavAna ke 83 lAkha varSa vyatIta ho gaye / eka dina bhagavAna vRSabhadeva ko nIlAMjanA apsarA kA nRtya dekhate-dekhate mahApurANa (AdipurANa aura uttarapurANa) :: 25

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vairAgya ho gayA, vaha saMsAra ke svarUpa kA cintana karane lagate haiN| usI samaya indra ne avadhijJAna se bhagavAna ke vairAgya bhAva ko jAna liyaa| tapa kalyANaka bhagavAna ke tapa kalyANaka kI pUjA karane ke lie laukAntika deva brahmaloka se Ae aura aneka stotroM se bhagavAna kI stuti karane lage / indrAdika devoM ne kSIrasAgara ke jala se bhagavAna kA mahAbhiSeka kiyA aura AdarapUrvaka divya AbhUSaNa vastra, mAlAe~ aura malayAgiri candana se bhagavAna kA zRMgAra kiyaa| usake bAda bhagavAna devanirmita pAlakI para ArUr3ha hokara ( baiThakara) siddhArthaka vana meM gye| vahA~ bhagavAna ne samasta parigraha kA tyAga kara pUrvAbhimukha hokara siddha bhagavAna ko namaskAra kara sira ke keza ukhAr3akara pheMka die| isa prakAra caitra kRSNa navamI ke dina bhagavAna ne dIkSA grahaNa kI / indra ne bhagavAna ke pavitra keza ratnamaya piTAre meM rakhakara kSIra samudra meM jAkara kSepa die| bhagavAna ke sAtha cAra hajAra anya rAjA bhI dIkSita hue| parantu ve dIkSA ke rahasya ko nahIM samajhate the, ataH ve dravyaliMga ke hI dhAraka hue / bhagavAna RSabhadeva chaha mAha kA yoga lekara zilApaTa para AsIna ho gaye, unheM dIkSA lete hI mana:paryayajJAna prApta ho gyaa| chaha mAha ke bAda rAjA zreyAMsa ko pUrvabhava kA smaraNa hone se AhAradAna kI vidhi jJAta ho jAtI hai| jisase zIghra hI rAjA zreyAMsa ne rAjA somaprabha aura rAnI lakSmImatI ke sAtha bhagavAna RSabhadeva ko AdarapUrvaka Sar3agAhana kara Ikha ke prAsuka rasa kA AhAra diyaa| usI samaya devoM paMcAzcarya kiye| jJAna kalyANaka kisI dina bhagavAna RSabhadeva ne purimatAla nagara ke samIpa zakaTa nAmaka udyAna meM dhyAna kI siddhi ke lie vaTavRkSa ke nIce vizAla zilA para virAjamAna hokara citta kI ekAgratA dhAraNa kii| lezyAoM kI utkRSTa zuddhi ko dhAraNa karate hue bhagavAna dhyAna meM lIna ho gye| phAlguna mAsa ke kRSNa pakSa kI ekAdazI ke dina uttarASAr3ha nakSatra meM bhagavAna ko kevalajJAna utpanna ho gayA / bhagavAna RSabhadeva kevalajJAnI hokara lokAloka ko dekhanevAle sarvajJa ho gaye / bhagavAna RSabhadeva ko kevalajJAna utpanna hote hI devoM dvArA vizAla samavazaraNa kI racanA kI gyii| tIna mekhalAoM se suzobhita pITha ke Upara gandhakuTI ke madhya 26 :: pramukha jaina granthoM kA paricaya

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meM siMhAsana para cAra aMgula ke antara se bhagavAna AdinAtha virAjamAna hue, indrAdi deva unakI upAsanA karate haiM aura AkAza se deva puSpavRSTi karate haiN| devendra Adi deva bar3e vaibhava ke sAtha samavazaraNa bhUmi kI tIna pradakSiNA dekara praveza karate haiM aura Adyajinendra kI pUjana tathA stuti karate haiM / bharata eka sau ATha nAmoM dvArA bhagavAna kA stavana karate haiN| bhagavAna AdinAtha kI divyadhvani meM jIvAjIvAdi tattvoM kA tathA Sadravya kA vistRta vivecana hotA hai| divyadhvani se bharatAdi rAjA tathA aneka bhavyajIva yathAyogya vizuddhi ko prApta hote haiM / vRSabhasena mukhya gaNadhara, rAjA somaprabha tathA rAjA zreyAMsa bhI dIkSita hokara gaNadhara hue| brAhmI aura sundarI ne bhI dIkSA lekara gaNinIpada ko prApta kiyaa| marIci ko chor3akara prAyaH sabhI bhraSTa muni bhagavAna ke samIpa prAyazcitta lekara sacce muni ho gye| cakravartI bharata kI digvijaya yAtrA bhagavAna AdinAtha ke kevalajJAna mahotsava ke uparAnta bharata sampUrNa vaibhava ke sAtha apanI rAjadhAnI meM Akara vidhipUrvaka cakraratna kI pUjA karate haiM, phira putrotpatti kA utsava manAte haiN| sUryamaMDala ke samAna daidIpyamAna, cAroM ora se devoM dvArA ghirA huA jAjvalyamAna cakraratna AkAza meM bharatezvara ke Age-Age cala rahA thaa| mahArAja bharata ne digvijaya ke lie sabase pahale pUrvadizA kI ora bar3hate hue gaMgAnadI pAra karate hue mAgadha deva kI sabhA meM apane nAma se cihnita bANa chodd'aa| cakravartI kA nAma dekha garvarahita hokara mAgadhadeva hAra, siMhAsana aura kuMDala lekara cakravartI ke svAgata ke lie aae| anantara cakravartI ne dakSiNa dizA kI ora bar3hate hue dakSiNa samudra ke adhipati vyantaradeva ko jiitaa| phira pazcima dizA meM praveza kara pazcima samudra ke vyantarAdhipati prabhAsa deva ko vaza meM kiyaa| anantara aThAraha karor3a ghor3oM ke adhipati bharata cakradhara uttara kI ora prasthAna karate hue vijayArdha parvata pahu~ce, vahA~ vijayArdhadeva ko jIta lene se inakI digvijaya kA ardhabhAga pUrNa ho gyaa| uttara bhArata kSetra ke cilAta aura Avarta nAma ke rAjA se cakravartI kA sAta dinoM taka lagAtAra yuddha calatA rhaa| jayakumAra ke Agneya bANa se yuddha samApta huA, aura donoM rAjA bharata kI zaraNa meM aae| sATha hajAra varSa taka calI mahApurANa (AdipurANa aura uttarapurANa) :: 27

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digvijaya yAtrA meM cakravartI ne samasta dizAe~ jIta liiN| isa prakAra bharata ne bhAratavarSa ke samasta mleccha khaMDoM para vijaya prApta kara, kailAza parvata para RSabha jinendra kI pUjA kara vApasa ayodhyA nagarI kI ora prasthAna kiyaa| ayodhyA nagarI meM praveza karate samaya unakA cakraratna gopuradvAra (mukhya dvAra) meM hI ruka gayA, jisase sabako Azcarya huaa| cakravartI ko nimittajJAnI purohita ne batAyA ki abhI Apake bhAiyoM ko vaza meM karanA bAkI hai| purohita kI sammati ke anusAra rAjadUta bhAiyoM ke pAsa jAte haiM, parantu sabhI bhAI bharata kI AjJA meM rahane kI apekSA RSabhanAtha bhagavAna ke pAsa jAkara dIkSA grahaNa kara lete bAhubalI ne bhI cakravartI bharata kI adhInatA svIkAra nahIM kI, phalataH yuddha ke lie donoM ora se senA Age bddh'ii| parantu buddhimAna mantriyoM ne senA-yuddha ke sthAna para donoM bhAiyoM kA paraspara netrayuddha, jalayuddha aura mallayuddha nizcita kiyA, tInoM hI yuddhoM meM jaba bAhubalI vijayI hue taba bharata ne kupita hokara cakraratna calA diyaa| bAhubalI bharata ke sage bhAI the, isalie bharata kA cakra bAhubalI para saphala nahIM huA, parantu bharata ke isa vyavahAra se bAhubalI ne virakta hokara jaMgala meM jAkara dIkSA le lii| dIkSA lete samaya bAhubalI ne eka varSa kA upavAsa kiyA, upavAsa pUrNa hone para bharata ne Akara unakI pUjA kI, bharata ke pUjA karate hI bAhubalI kA hRdaya nizcinta ho gayA aura usI samaya unheM avinAzI utkRSTa kevalajJAna prApta ho gyaa| bharata ne kevalajJAna kI pUjA kI, bAhubalI bhI kevalajJAna prApta kara mokSa ko prApta hue| cakravartI bharata ne ayodhyA meM prajA ko janma se lekara dIkSA taka ke samasta saMskAra, SoDaza saMskAra, havana ke yogya mantroM, rAjanIti aura varNAzrama Adi kA upadeza diyaa| mokSa kalyANaka mAgha kRSNa caturdazI ke dina sUryodaya ke zubha muhUrta aura abhijita nakSatra meM bhagavAna vRSabhadeva pUrva dizA kI ora mu~ha kara aneka muniyoM ke sAtha-sAtha paryaGkAsana se virAjamAna hue aura zarIra se mukta hokara siddha paryAya prApta kii| usI samaya mokSa kalyANaka kI pUjA karane kI icchA se sabhI deva Ae, 28 :: pramukha jaina granthoM kA paricaya

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'yaha bhagavAna kA zarIra pavitra, utkRSTa, mokSa kA sAdhana, svaccha tathA nirmala hai ' aisA vicAra kara use bahumUlya pAlakI meM virAjamAna kiyA aura agnikumAra devoM dvArA utpanna agni se jagata kI abhUtapUrva sugandhi prakaTa kara vartamAna AkAra naSTa kara diyA / indro ne vRSabhadeva ke zarIra kI bhasma uThAkara mastaka para lagAI aura Ananda nAma kA nATaka kiyA / indra ne iSTa ke viyoga se duHkhI bharata evaM iSTajanoM ko dharmopadeza diyA / bharata kA vairAgya mahArAja bharata ko kisI samaya ujjvala darpaNa meM apane mukhakamala meM sapheda bAla dekhakara vairAgya utpanna ho gayA, unhoMne rAjya ko jIrNatRNa ke samAna mAnakara apane putra arkakIrti ko apanI sampatti dekara dIkSA grahaNa kii| usI samaya unheM mana:paryayajJAna utpanna ho gayA aura usake bAda zIghra hI bharata ko kevalajJAna prakaTa ho gayA / isa prakAra ikSvAkuvaMza ke pramukha zrI vRSabhanAtha bhagavAna mokSarUpI AtmA kI utkRSTa siddhi ko prApta hue / bharata, bAhubalI bhI nirvANa ko prApta hue / bhagavAna AdinAtha, bharata, bAhubalI kA caritra sudhI zrAvakoM ko paramasukha aura pUrNa jJAna denevAlA hai, ataH grantha kA adhyayana pUrNa ekAgratA ke sAtha kreN| uttarapurANa mahApurANa kA dUsarA bhAga hai, uttarapurANa / mahApurANa meM lagabhaga 20 hajAra zloka haiM, jinameM se AcArya guNabhadra ne lagabhaga 7780 zlokoM dvArA uttarapurANa kI racanA kI hai| 28veM parva se lekara 76veM parvoM (adhyAyoM) meM dUsare tIrthaMkara ajitanAtha se lekara caubIsaveM tIrthaMkara bhagavAna mahAvIra ke carita kA varNana kiyA gayA hai| grantha ke prArambha meM bhagavAna AdinAtha ke garbha se lekara mokSa kalyANaka taka tathA solaha svapna, sumerU parvata, devoM dvArA vandanA aura pUrva daza bhava Adi-Adi viSayoM kA vistAra se varNana kiyA gayA hai| ataH uttarapurANa meM ina viSayoM kI vistRta carcA nahIM kI hai| isalie hamane bhI mahApurANa ke prathama bhAga AdipurANa kA vistRta sArAMza isa pustaka meM likhA hai / pA~coM kalyANakoM kI prakriyA, samaya aura sthAna Adi samAna haiM, ataH hama 23 tIrthaMkaroM ke carita kA vistRta varNana nahIM kara rahe haiN| pAThaka ke lie saMkSepa meM itanA hI batA rahe haiM ki uttarapurANa kI I mahApurANa (AdipurANa aura uttarapurANa) :: 29

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viSayavastu kyA hai| sudhI pAThaka uttarapurANa kA adhyayana avazya kreN| uttarapurANa meM nimnalikhita tIrthaMkara, nArAyaNa, pratinArAyaNa aura balabhadra Adi kA varNana kiyA gayA hai| yathA-- tIrthaMkara : ajitanAtha, sambhavanAtha, abhinandananAtha, sumatinAtha, padmaprabha, supArzvanAtha, candraprabha, puSpadanta, zItalanAtha, zreyAMsanAtha, vAsupUjya, vimalanAtha, anantanAtha, dharmanAtha, zAntinAtha, kunthunAtha, aranAtha, mallinAtha, munisuvratanAtha, naminAtha, neminAtha, pArzvanAtha, mhaaviir| balabhadra : vijaya, acala,dharma, suprabha, aparAjita, nandiSeNa, nandimitra, rAma, pdm| nArAyaNa : tripRSTha, svayaMbhU, puruSottama, puNDarIka, datta, lkssmnn| pratinArAyaNa : azvagrIva, tAraka, madhu, madhusUdana, anantavIrya, nizumbha, balIndra, rAvaNa, jraasndh| gaNadhara : saMjayanta, merU, mndr| cakravartI : sagara, madhavA, sanatkumAra, zAMtinAtha, kunthunAtha, aranAtha, subhauma, padma, hariSeNa, jayasena, brhmdtt| isa prakAra pUrA kA pUrA uttarapurANa mahApuruSoM ke caritra-citraNa se bharA huA hai| aisA koI anya purANa dekhane ko nahIM milatA, jisameM eka sAtha itane tIrthaMkara, balabhadra, nArAyaNa, pratinArAyaNa, gaNadhara aura cakravartI kA varNana eka sAtha kiyA ho| vAstava meM yaha purANa bahuta mahAna, mahattvapUrNa, zreSTha aura parajIvI granthoM kA AdhAra hai| mahApurANa meM samasta 63 zalAkA puruSoM ke caritra kA varNana hai; isalie ise purANoM kA mukuTamaNi kahA jAtA hai| vAstava meM itane adhika (20,000) zloka pramANa likhanA aura mahApuruSoM kA caritra-citraNa sarala bhASA meM karanA AcAryoM dvArA hameM anamola bheMTa pradAna kI gayI hai| ata: sudhI pAThakoM se merA nivedana hai ki isa grantharAja mahApurANa kA adhyayana avazya kreN| caritra-citraNa ke sAtha hI isa grantha meM sabase antima adhyAya meM bahuta mahattvapUrNa viSaya kA varNana kiyA hai| sarvaprathama antima kevalI jambU svAmI kA varNana, usake bAda utsarpiNI (suSamA-dukhamA Adi chaha kAla) aura avasarpiNI kAla kA viziSTa varNana karate hue kalkiyoM kA varNana kiyA hai, jo bahuta mahattvapUrNa aura par3hane yogya hai| pralaya kAla kA bhI varNana kiyA hai| jina zrAvakoM 30 :: pramukha jaina granthoM kA paricaya

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ke mana meM bhaviSyakAla jAnane kI icchA rahatI ho, ve eka bAra isa grantha kA svAdhyAya jarUra kreN| pralayakAla kA varNana, usakI sthiti aura antima muni, AryikA zrAvaka, zrAvikA Adi kA paricaya isa grantha meM milatA hai| vartamAla kAla ke hI nahIM, bhaviSya kAla ke 24 tIrthaMkaroM aura zalAkApuruSoM kA paricaya bhI isa grantha meM milatA hai| vAstava meM yaha grantha, 'kubera kA khajAnA' hai / isa kubera ke khajAne meM se anamola motI zrAvakoM ko cunanA hai| mahApurANa (AdipurANa aura uttarapurANa) :: 31

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padmapurANa grantha ke nAma kA artha 'padma' kA artha yahA~ rAma hai| rAma kA eka nAma 'padma' bhI thA aura jaina purANoM meM unakA yahI nAma adhika pracalita hai| isa grantha meM rAma kA caritra-citraNa hone se ise padmapurANa kahate haiN| jaina paramparA meM rAma ko tresaTha zalAkA puruSoM meM vAsudeva ke rUpa meM ginA jAtA hai| inake jIvana-caritra se sambandhita bar3e-bar3e purANa bhI race gaye haiN| granthakAra kA paricaya rAmakathA sambandhI sabase prAcIna jaina purANa saMskRta meM raviSeNa kRta padmapurANa, prAkRta meM vimalasUri kRta paumacariyaM (padma-carita) aura apabhraMza meM svayaMbhU kRta 'paumacariu' haiN| yahA~ para saMskRta meM raviSeNa dvArA racita padmapurANa kA paricaya de rahe haiN| AcArya raviSeNa ne vi.saM. 734 meM isa grantha kI racanA pUrNa kI thii| paurANika carita-kAvya-racayitA ke rUpa meM raviSeNAcArya kA mahattvapUrNa sthAna hai| inakA samaya vi.saM. 840 se pUrva mAnA jAtA hai| grantha kA mahattva (1) 'rAmakathA' bhAratIya sAhitya meM sabase adhika prAcIna, vyApaka, AdaraNIya aura rocaka viSaya rahA hai| sabhI loga rAma ko 'Adarza mahApuruSa' mAnate haiN| rAma kathA' prAyaH sabhI dharmoM meM pracalita aura sammAnanIya hai| ___ (2) rAmakathA ke viSaya meM jaina paramparA meM 'padmapurANa' aura 'paumacariya' sarvaprathama racita grantha mAne jAte haiN| ye paravartI aneka purANoM, kathAoM, nATakoM aura ekAMkI Adi ke AdhArabhUta grantha rahe haiN| 32 :: pramukha jaina granthoM kA paricaya

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( 3 ) bhUgola, itihAsa, rAjanIti, saMskAra aura paramparA Adi aneka dRSTiyoM se bhI yaha padmapurANa grantha bahuta mahattvapUrNa hai / grantha sambandhI kucha tathya / niSkarSa haiM, jinheM zrAvaka sAvadhAnI se pddh'eN| jaise 1. raviSeNAcArya ke matAnusAra vAnara eka mAnava jAti vizeSa hai / jina vidyAdhara rAjAoM ne apanA dhvaja cihna vAnara apanA liyA thA, ve vidyAdhara rAjA vAnaravaMzI kahalAne lage the / vAnara pazu nahIM haiM, manuSya haiN| 2. raviSeNAcArya ne rAkSasadvIpa vAsiyoM ko rAkSasavaMzI kahA hai| vijayArddha ke pazcima meM eka dvIpa meM vidyAdhara rAjAoM kA nivAsa thA, usa dvIpa kA nAma rAkSasa dvIpa thA / ataH vahA~ ke nivAsI rAkSasa kahalAne lage the / ve vAstava meM rAkSasa nahIM the, manuSya the, isalie rAvaNa ko vastutaH rAkSasa mAnanA galata hai| ve kalA vidyA meM nipuNa, zAstroM ke pAraMgata aura dharmapriya rAjA the / ve bhaviSya meM jaina dharma ke tIrthaMkara hoNge| 3. sItA ke janma, agniparIkSA aura samAdhimaraNa Adi ke bAre meM bhI alaga vizeSa mata haiM / sudhI pAThakagaNa svaviveka se ina matoM para cintana kreN| grantha kI kathA rAjA zreNika bhagavAna mahAvIra ke samavazaraNa meM jAte haiM aura gautama svAmI se rAmakathA sunane kI icchA prakaTa karate haiM / gautamasvAmI nAbhirAya aura bhagavAna AdinAtha, bharata aura bAhubalI kA varNana karate hue cAra mahAvaMzoM (ikSvAkuvaMza, RSivaMza, vidyAdharoM kA vaMza tathA harivaMza) kA varNana karate haiN| bhagavAna ajitanAtha kA varNana, sagara cakravartI, pUrNaghana, sulocana, sahasranayana, meghavAhana, rAkSasavaMza aura vAnaravaMza kA vistAra se varNana karate haiM / jisakA sAra prastuta hai-- rAkSasa vaMza ke rAjA ratnazravA tathA kekasI ke cAra santAna thIM - 1. rAvaNa, 2. kumbhakarNa, 3. candranakhA 4. vibhISaNa / jaba ratnazravA ne pahale apane putra rAvaNa ko dekhA thA, taba zizu jo hAra pahane hue thA usameM use rAvaNa ke dasa sira dikhe, isIlie usakA nAma dazAnana rakhA gyaa| rAvaNa Adi bhAI aneka vidyAe~ siddha karate haiM aura rAvaNa mandodarI tathA 6000 anya kanyAoM ke sAtha vivAha karatA hai aura digvijaya meM bahuta se rAjAoM ko parAsta karatA hai| kiSkindhA nagara ke rAjA sUryaraja aura candramAlinI rAnI se bAlI aura sugrIva nAma ke do putra aura sUryaraja ke choTe bhAI RkSaraja aura harikAntA rAnI se nala aura nIla do putra utpanna hote haiM / padmapurANa :: 33

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rAvaNa vijayayAtrA meM anantabala kevalI kA dharmopadeza sunakara "jo parastrI mujhe nahIM cAhegI maiM use grahaNa nahIM karU~gA " yaha dRr3ha niyama letA hai| usake bAda rAvaNa indra ko parAjita karatA hai / bAli kA ahaMkAra rAvaNa ke AkramaNa se vairAgya rUpa meM pariNata ho jAtA hai, jisase bAli virakta hokara digambarI dIkSA dhAraNa karatA hai, aura sugrIva ko rAjA banAtA hai / Adityapura ke rAjA prahlAda aura rAnI ketumatI ke pavanaMjaya nAma kA putra thaa| jisakA vivAha rAjA mahendra aura rAnI hRdayavegA kI putrI aMjanA se hotA hai / mizrakezI dUtI ke bakavAda ke kAraNa pavanaMjaya aMjanA ko vivAhoparAnta hI chor3a dete haiM, 22 varSoM taka aMjanA pati ke viyoga meM kaSTa sahatI hai / eka dina rAvaNa aura varuNa ke yuddha meM pavanaMjaya jAte haiM, aura mArga meM mAnasarovara para cakavI kI virahadazA ko dekhakara aMjanA kA smaraNa ho jAtA hai, jisase vaha prahasita mitra kI sahAyatA se guptarUpa se aMjanA se mila Ate haiN| kucha samaya bAda aMjanA ke garbha cihna prakaTa hone para sAsa ketumatI unheM kalaMkita kahakara ghara se nikAla detI hai / pitA ke ghara bhI Azraya nahIM milane ke kAraNa aMjanA apanI sakhI ke sAtha parvata kI guphA meM rahatI hai| vahIM para aMjanA ko putra utpanna hotA hai| tabhI aMjanA ke mAmA pratisUrya vidyAdhara vahA~ Ate haiM, aura aMjanA ko putra sahita vimAna meM baiThAkara apane nagara kI ora cala dete haiM, parantu bAlaka vimAna se nIce gira jAtA hai, aura zilA cUra-cUra ho jAtI hai isalie bAlaka kA nAma 'zrIzaila' aura hanurUha nagara meM saMskAra sampanna hone ke kAraNa 'hanumAna' nAma rakhA jAtA hai / varuNa ke yuddha se lauTakara jaba pavanaMjaya ghara Ate haiM taba aMjanA ko na dekhakara dukhI ho jAte haiN| lambe samaya taka khoja karane ke bAda vidyAdhara kI madada se aMjanA aura pavanaMjaya kA milApa hotA hai / I rAvaNa kI bahana candranakhA kI 'anaMgapuSpA' nAma kI kanyA se hanumAna kA vivAha hotA hai| isake sAtha kiSkupura ke rAjA nala kI harimAlinI putrI ke sAtha bhI hanumAna kA vivAha hotA hai / vidyAdharoM kI sau kanyAoM se vivAha karane ke bAda hanumAna kI eka hajAra se bhI adhika striyA~ ho jAtI haiM, yaha ' zrIzaila' parvata para hI nivAsa karate haiM / padmapurANa ke bIsa aura ikkIsa parva meM caubIsa tIrthaMkaroM kA tathA unake vaMza kA varNana, ikSvAku vaMza ke prArambha kA varNana aura rAjA anaraNya Adi kA varNana kiyA gayA hai| ikSvAku vaMza meM utpanna rAjA raghu ke ayodhyA meM araNya nAma kA putra aura 34 :: pramukha jaina granthoM kA paricaya

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pRthvImatI nAma kI mahAdevI se do putra utpanna hue|jyesstth putra anantaratha aura choTe putra kA nAma dazaratha thaa| rAjA araNya eka mAha ke dazaratha putra ko hI rAjya sauMpakara anantaratha putra ke sAtha dIkSA le lete haiN| eka bAra nArada rAjA dazaratha aura rAjA janaka ko saceta karate haiM ki rAvaNa apanI mRtyu kA kAraNa Apa donoM ke putra-putrI ko jAnakara ApakA vadha karane kA vicAra kara rahA hai| taba vaha donoM hI rAjA ghara se bAhara nikalakara samaya kATate haiM, vibhISaNa inake putaloM ko hI rAjA samajhakara mAra dete haiN| anantara rAjA dazaratha ko kaikayA rAnI svayaMvara meM vara letI hai aura rAjAoM ke sAtha yuddha meM kaikayA ke sahayoga se rAjA dazaratha vijayI hote haiN| prasanna hokara rAjA dazaratha kaikayA ko do varadAna dete haiM, jise vaha bhaMDAragRha meM surakSita rakhatI hai| rAjA dazaratha kI cAra rAniyA~ thiiN| rAnI aparAjitA (kauzalyA) se 'padma (rAma)', sumitrA se 'lakSmaNa', rAnI kaikayA se 'bharata' aura suprabhA rAnI se 'zatrughna' putra utpanna hote haiN| rAjA dazaratha cAroM putroM ko zikSA aura guNa pradAna karane ke lie yogya adhyApaka ke pAsa bheja dete haiM, jisase ve sabhI sarvazAstraviSayaka atizaya pUrNajJAna aura pAMDitya se yukta ho jAte haiN| rAjA janaka kI videhA rAnI se eka putra aura eka putrI kA janma hotA hai| pUrvabhava ke baira ke kAraNa mahAkAla asura unake putra kA apaharaNa kara use AkAza se nIce girA detA hai| candragati vidyAdhara aura puSpavatI rAnI usa putra ko apanA putra mAnakara bahuta utsava manAte haiM aura usakA nAma bhAmaMDala rakhate haiN| rAjA janaka apanI putrI kA nAma jAnakI (sItA) rakhate haiM, vaha lakSmI ke samAna atyanta rUpavatI dikhAI detI thii| rAjA janaka sItA kA vivAha rAjA dazaratha ke prathama putra zrIrAma se nizcita kara dete haiN| eka bAra nArada sItA ke asatkAra se dukhI hokara usase badalA lene ke bhAva se usakA citrapaTa banAkara rathanUpura nagara ke rAja udyAna meM chor3a dete haiN| usa citrapaTa ko dekhakara bhAmaMDala sItA para mohita ho jAtA hai aura rAjA janaka ko sItA ke sAtha vivAha karAne para vivaza karate haiM, taba rAjA janaka "yadi rAma vajrAvarta dhanuSa car3hA deMge to sItA le sakeMge anyathA bhAmaMDala legA" yaha zarta rakhate haiM, taba rAma dhanuSa car3hAkara sItA kI ratnamAlA prApta karate haiN| lakSmaNa kA vivAha bhI aThAraha hajAra kanyAoM se, bharata kA vivAha janaka ke bhAI kanaka kI putrI lokasundarI ke sAtha hotA hai| padmapurANa :: 35

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idhara bhAmaMDala ko jaba jJAta hotA hai ki sItA merI sagI bahana hai, to use apane kuvicAroM para bahuta ghRNA hotI hai, vaha mithilA jAkara sabase kSamA grahaNa karatA hai, rAjA janaka bhI saparivAra apane putra se milakara Ananda anubhava karate haiN| aura apane bhAI ko rAjya sauMpakara bhAmaMDala ke sAtha vijayArdha cale jAte haiM / idhara rAjA dazaratha sarvabhUtahita munirAja ke dvArA apane pUrva bhavoM kA varNana sunakara rAjya se virakta ho jAte haiM, aura rAma ke rAjyAbhiSeka kI ghoSaNA karate haiN| parantu bharata kI mA~ kaikayA apanA pUrvasvIkRta do vara ' bharata ke lie rAjya ' aura 'rAma ke lie vanavAsa' mA~gatI hai / rAjA dazaratha asamaMjasa meM par3a jAte haiM / parantu rAma dRr3hatA ke sAtha kahate haiM ki Apa bharata ko rAjya dekara apane satyavacana kI rakSA kiijie| isI bIca bharata saMsAra se virakta hokara dIkSA ke lie jAne lagate haiM, taba rAjA dazaratha aura rAma use samajhAkara rokate haiM aura bharata kA rAjyAbhiSeka karate haiM / rAma bhI mAtA-pitA se AjJA lekara vana jAne ke lie udyata hote haiM / sItA aura lakSmaNa bhI unake sAtha ho jAte haiM / rAma-lakSmaNa ke sAtha prajA ke aneka loga bhI sAtha hote haiM, lekina sabako sotA chor3akara rAma, lakSmaNa aura sItA tInoM hI dakSiNa dizA kI ora cala par3ate haiN| rAjA dazaratha bhI sarvabhUtahita munirAja ke pAsa dIkSA dhAraNa kara lete haiN| kauzalyA aura sumitrA pati evaM putra viyoga se bahuta dukhI hotI haiN| bharata aura kaikayA rAma aura lakSmaNa ke pAsa jAkara unase vApisa calane kA bahuta Agraha karate haiM, parantu saba vyartha siddha hotA hai / bharata nirAza ho vApisa Akara rAjya kA pAlana karate haiM aura dyuti bhaTTAraka ke samakSa pratijJA karate haiM, "maiM rAma ke Ane para unake darzana mAtra se hI munidIkSA grahaNa kara luuNgaa|" idhara rAma-lakSmaNa citrakUTa vana ko pArakara avantI deza meM phuNce| vahA~ para rAjA vajrakarNa aura siMhodara rAjA se mitratA karate haiM aura mleccha rAjAoM ko AjJAkArI banAkara bAlikhilya ko bandhana- mukta karate haiM / vana vihAra karatekarate jaba sItA thaka jAtI hai aura tIvra varSA ke kAraNa tInoM hI asahAya ho jAte haiM, taba yakSapati apane avadhijJAna se unheM balabhadra aura nArAyaNa jAnakara eka sundara nagarI kI racanA karate haiM aura usameM sabako ThaharAte haiM / varSAkAla bItane ke bAda rAma vaijayantapura jAte haiM / vahA~ para rAjA pRthivIdhara aura rAnI indrANI kI putrI vanamAlA ke sAtha lakSmaNa kA vivAha hotA hai / kSemAJjalipura ke rAjA zatrudamana kI putrI jinapadmA ke sAtha bhI lakSmaNa kA vivAha hotA hai / 36 :: pramukha jaina granthoM kA paricaya

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idhara rAjA ativIrya bharata ke prati abhimAna dikhA rahA thA, aisA samAcAra pAkara rAma aura lakSmaNa usake pAsa jAkara use samajhAte aura phaTakArate haiM aura bandhana meM lete haiM / taba sItA ke kahane para use bandhana mukta karate haiM, jisase vaha dIkSA le letA hai| isa taraha rAma lakSmaNa rAtrimegha kI taraha avyakta rUpa se bharata kI rakSA kara Age bar3hate haiN| vaMzasthadhuti nagara meM rAma-lakSmaNa tathA sItA dezabhUSaNa tathA kulabhUSaNa munirAja ke darzana karate haiN| unakA upasarga dUra karate haiM aura jinendra bhagavAna kI hajAroM pratimAoM se suzobhita aneka jinamandiroM kA nirmANa karAte haiN| karNaravA nadI ke pAsa daMDakavana meM sugupti aura gupti nAmaka do munirAjoM ko bhI AhAradAna dete haiM, jisase daMDaka vana meM paMcAzcarya hote haiN| munirAja ke darzana se hI gRddha pakSI ko pUrvabhava kA jJAna hotA hai| rAma use jaTAyu nAma dete haiM aura apane Azrama meM rakhate haiN| eka dina lakSmaNa vana meM bhramaNa karate haiM, unake dvArA zambUka (rAvaNa kI bahina candranakhA kA putra) mArA jAtA hai| jisase candranakhA vilApa karatI huI rAma-lakSmaNa ke pAsa jAtI hai, parantu kAmecchA pUrNa na hone para candranakhA putrazoka karatI huI apane pati kharadUSaNa ke pAsa jAtI hai| kharadUSaNa rAma-lakSmaNa ke sAtha yuddha karane lagatA hai, rAvaNa bhI usakI sahAyatA ke lie AtA hai, bIca meM sItA ko dekha mohita ho jAtA hai| aura vaha chala se siMhanAda kara rAma ko lakSmaNa ke pAsa bheja detA hai aura sItA kA haraNa kara letA hai| jaTAyu apanI zakti anusAra prayatna karatA hai, para vaha saphala nahIM hotA hai| rAma jaba vApisa Ate haiM, to sItA ko na dekhakara vilApa karate haiN| lakSmaNa bhI bahuta dukhI hote haiM aura virAdhita vidyAdhara ko senA sahita sItA kI khoja meM bhejate haiM, para vaha asaphala ho jAte haiN| sItA ke viyoga se dukhI rAma sItA kI khoja karate haiN| rAvaNa sItA ko lekara laMkA jAtA hai| vahA~ pazcimottara dizA meM sthita devAraNya nAmaka udyAna meM sItA ko ThaharAkara usase prema yAcanA karane lagatA hai| zIlavatI sItA usakI samasta prArthanAe~ ThukarA detI hai| rAvaNa mAyA dvArA sItA ko bhayabhIta karane kA prayatna karatA hai para vaha raMcamAtra bhI vicalita nahIM hotii|| rAvaNa kI durdazA dekha mandodarI use bahuta samajhAtI hai, sItA mandodarI ko bhI niHzabda kara detI hai| kiSkindhApurI kA svAmI sugrIva, mAyAvatI sugrIva (sAhasagati vidyAdhara) padmapurANa :: 37

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dvArA satAe jAne para dukhI hokara idhara-udhara ghUmatA huA virAdhita kI pAtAla laMkA meM AtA hai| vahA~ rAma ke sAtha usakA paricaya hotA hai| rAma sugrIva kI dukhada dazA jAnakara mAyAvI sugrIva ko niSprANa kara sugrIva kI sahAyatA karate haiN| sItA kI khoja meM sugrIva apane sevakoM ko bhejate haiM / ratnajaTI Akara batAtA hai, "sItA ko laMkAdhipati rAvaNa harakara le gayA hai|" rAma-lakSmaNa kI zakti para vizvAsa kara samasta vAnara rAvaNa ke sAtha yuddha karane ke lie taiyAra ho jAte haiM / sugrIva hanumAna ko rAma kI sahAyatA ke lie bulAte haiM / rAma kI mahimA suna hanumAna prasanna hokara unake pAsa Ate haiM aura vinIta bhAva se unakI stuti karate haiN| rAma hanumAna ko sItA ke pAsa sandeza dene ke lie laMkA bhejate haiM / laMkA jAte samaya hanumAna apane mAtAmaha mahendra ko parAjita kara apanI mAtA se unakA milana karAte haiM / usake bAda dadhimukha dvIpa meM sthita muniyoM ke Upara dAvAnala (agni) kA upasarga dUra karate haiN| apanI senA kI acAnaka gati ruka jAne ke kAraNa mAyAmaya koTa ko dhvasta kara dete haiN| koTa ke adhikArI rAjA vajrAyudha ko bhI prANarahita kara dete haiM aura usakI putrI laMkAsundarI ke sAtha hanumAna vivAha kara lete haiM / laMkA meM jAkara hanumAna sarvaprathama vibhISaNa se milate haiM / phira azoka vRkSa ke nIce sItA ko dekhakara unakI godI meM rAmapradatta a~gUThI DAla dete haiM, jise dekhakara sItA prasanna ho jAtI haiM / hanumAna sItA ke samakSa prakaTa hokara rAma kA sandeza sunAte haiM, gyArahaveM dina rAma kA sandeza pAkara sItA AhAra grahaNa karatI hai| hanumAna laMkA ko naSTa kara dete haiN| vApisa Akara hanumAna rAma ko sItA kI dayanIya dazA kA varNana karate haiM / sItA ke dvArA pradatta cUr3AmaNi rAma ko dete haiM, jise dekhakara rAma atyanta vyAkula ho jAte haiM / candramarIci vidyAdhara kI preraNA se uttejita ho saba vidyAdharoM ne rAma ko sAtha lekara laMkA kI ora prasthAna kiyA / rAvaNa ko yuddha ke lie taiyAra dekhakara vibhISaNa hAtha jor3a praNAma kara zAstrAnukUla, atyanta zreSTha, hitakArI evaM zAntipUrNa vacana kahatA hai, "he prabhu, Apa zrIrAma kA sammAna kara sItA unheM sauMpa dIjie / " parantu rAvaNa aura indrajIta, vibhISaNa se vAkyuddha karate haiM, jisase vibhISaNa apanI senA sahita laMkA chor3akara rAma ke pAsa A jAte haiM / 38 :: pramukha jaina granthoM kA paricaya

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rAvaNa akSauhiNI senA ke sAtha laMkA se bAhara nikalakara rAma ke sAtha yuddha prArambha kara detA hai / sarvaprathama rAvaNa ke sAmanta hasta, prahasta, vAnaravaMzI nala aura nIla se yuddha meM mAre jAte haiM / aneka rAjA bhI yuddha meM mAre jAte haiN| tabhI rAmalakSmaNa ko divyAstra tathA siMhavAhinI aura garur3avAhinI vidyAoM kI prApti hotI hai, jinake prabhAva se vaha sugrIva aura bhAmaMDala ko nAgapAza se mukta kara dete haiM / vibhISaNa aura rAvaNa kA punaH vAkyuddha hotA hai, jisase krodhita hokara rAvaNa bhayAnaka zakti calAtA hai, jisake lagane se lakSmaNa mUrchita ho pRthvI para gira par3ate haiM / lakSmaNa kI avasthA dekha rAma vilApa karane lagate haiM / aparicita praticandra vidyAdhara lakSmaNa kI zakti nikAlane kA upAya batAtA hai aura vizalyA ke pUrvabhavoM kA paricaya detA hai| taba rAma, hanumAna, bhAmaMDala tathA aMgada ko tatkAla ayodhyA bhejate haiM / bharata kI mAtA svayaM rAjA droNamegha ke pAsa jAkara unakI putrI vizalyA ko laMkA bhejane kI vyavasthA karatI hai / vizalyA ke laMkA pahu~cate hI lakSmaNa ke vakSaHsthala se zakti nikala jAtI hai, rAma kI senA meM khuzI chA jAtI hai aura vizalyA kA lakSmaNa ke sAtha vivAha ho jAtA hai / lakSmaNa kI zakti nikala jAne ke samAcAra se rAvaNa ke mantrijana use sandhi karane ke lie samajhAte haiM, parantu rAvaNa mada ke kAraNa nahIM mAnatA aura bahurUpiNI vidyA siddha karane ke lie zAntinAtha jinAlaya meM bhakti se jinendra bhagavAna kI pUjA karatA hai / nandIzvara parva A jAne se yuddha bhI nahIM hotA hai, sabhI loga zAnti se jinAlayoM meM pUjana karate haiM / rAvaNa ko vidyA siddha ho gayI to vaha ajeya ho jAegA - aisA vicAra kara pahale vidyAdhara kumAra vighna DAlane jAte haiM, parantu rAma kI svIkRti na hone se vApasa A jAte haiN| bAda meM aMgada, skanda, nIla laMkA jAkara upadrava karate haiM, parantu rAvaNa ko vidyA siddha ho jAtI hai| rAvaNa vidyAsiddhi uparAnta punaH sItA ke pAsa jAkara use AkRSTa karatA hai, parantu sItA ke pativratA dharma ke kAraNa svayaM hI lajjita hotA hai / mada meM cUra rAvaNa punaH yuddha karane kA nizcaya karatA hai / rAvaNa bahurUpiNI vidyA ke dvArA nirmita hajAra hAthiyoM se jute aindra nAmaka ratha para savAra hokara senAsahita Age bar3hatA hai / lakSmaNa aura rAvaNa ke bIca vIrasaMvAda hotA hai / dasa dinoM taka donoM kA bhISaNa yuddha hotA hai / anta meM krodhI rAvaNa lakSmaNa para cakraratna calAtA hai, cakra lakSmaNa kI tIna pradakSiNAe~ dekara usake hAtha meM A jAtA hai / samasta rAjAgaNa lakSmaNa ke cakraratna prApta hote hI unheM padmapurANa :: 39

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AThavA~ nArAyaNa aura rAma ko AThavA~ balabhadra svIkArate haiN| lakSmaNa punaH rAvaNa ko sandhi kara sItA vApasa karane ko kahate haiM, parantu rAvaNa ke inakAra karane para lakSmaNa cakraratna calAkara rAvaNa ko mAra dete haiM aura anya rAjA, prajA ko abhayadAna dete haiN| samasta laMkA meM zoka chA jAtA hai| rAma-vibhISaNa, mandodarI aura kumbhakarNa Adi ko sAntvanA dete haiM aura rAvaNa kA dAha-saMskAra karate haiN| usI dina anantavIrya nAmaka munirAja ko laMkA meM kevalajJAna utpanna ho jAtA hai| devoM dvArA unakA kevalajJAna mahotsava kiyA jAtA hai| indrajIta, meghavAhana, kumbhakarNa aura madhu Adi nirgrantha dIkSA lete haiN| mandodarI aura candranakhA Adi sabhI AryikAvrata grahaNa kara letI haiN| rAma-lakSmaNa mahAvaibhava ke sAtha laMkA meM praveza karate haiN| sarvaprathama sItA ke pAsa jAte haiN| rAma, lakSmaNa aura sItA kA samAgama hotA hai| devagaNa AkAza se puSpAMjali tathA gandhodaka kI varSA karate haiN| tInoM mahala meM praveza kara zAntinAtha jinAlaya meM bhagavAna kI stuti vandana karate haiN| vibhISaNa ko laMkA kA rAjA ghoSita kara chaha varSa taka rAma, lakSmaNa aura sItA aneka vivAhita striyoM aura aneka rAjAoM ke sAtha sukhapUrvaka rahate haiN| anta meM nArada dvArA apanI mAtAoM ke dukha kA samAcAra suna rAma, lakSmaNa aura sItA Adi puSpaka vimAna meM ArUr3ha ho ayodhyA ke lie prasthAna karate haiN| ayodhyA ke samIpa hI bharata Adi bar3e harSa ke sAtha unakA svAgata karate haiN| rAmasugrIva, hanumAna, vibhISaNa aura bhAmaMDala Adi kA sabhI se paricaya karAte haiN| kauzalyA Adi cAroM mAtAe~ rAma-lakSmaNa aura sItA kA AliMgana kara prasanna hotI haiN| samasta ayodhyApurI harSamaya ho jAtI hai| bhogopabhoga se paripUrNa bharata kA vairAgya prakRSTa sImA ko prApta hotA hai| rAma-lakSmaNAdi ne unheM bahuta rokanA cAhA, parantu vaha saphala nahIM hue| usI samaya trilokamaMDana hAthI bigar3akara nagara meM upadrava karatA hai| anta meM bharata ke darzana kara vaha zAnta ho jAtA hai| __ ayodhyA meM dezabhUSaNa kevalI kA Agamana hotA hai| unake mukha se apanA aura hAthI kA pUrvabhava sunakara bharata ko pUrNa vairAgya hotA hai aura ve unhIM ke pAsa dIkSA le lete haiM / bharata ke sAtha eka hajAra rAjA aura kaikayAdi tIna sau striyA~ bhI dIkSA letI haiN| trilokamaMDana hAthI bhI samAdhi dhAraNa kara svarga meM deva hotA hai| bharata muni bhI aSTakarmoM kA kSaya kara nirvANa ko prApta hote haiN| 40 :: pramukha jaina granthoM kA paricaya

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sabhI rAjA rAma aura lakSmaNa kA rAjyAbhiSeka karate haiN| zatrughna parama priya rAjya mathurA para rAjya karate haiN| anantara vidyAdharoM kA rAjA ratnaratha kI putrI zrIdAmA se rAma kA aura manoramA se lakSmaNa kA vivAha hotA hai| isa prakAra padmapurANa meM varNita hai ki rAjA rAma kI devAMganAoM ke samAna ATha hajAra striyA~ thIM, unameM se prathama sItA sahita prabhAvatI, ratinibhA aura zrIdAmA yaha cAroM mahAdeviyA~ pramukha thiiN| lakSmaNa kI ATha pramukha striyA~ thIM, vizalyA, rUpavatI, vanamAlA, kalyANamAlA, ratimAlA, jitapadmA, bhagavatI aura mnormaa| lakSmaNa ke DhAI sau putra the| ____ eka dina sItA ne do svapna dekhe| prathama meM zubha, dvitIya meM azubha phala jAnakara sItA jinamandiroM kI vandanA karatI hai| idhara prajA ke pramukha loga zrIrAmacandrajI se sItA viSayaka lokanindA kA varNana karate haiM, jisase rAma kA hRdaya khinna ho jAtA hai| rAmacandrajI lakSmaNa ko bulAkara sItA ke apavAda kA samAcAra batAte haiN| lakSmaNa unheM sItA ke zIla kI prazaMsA karate hue samajhAte haiM, parantu rAma lokApavAda ke bhaya se sItA kA parityAga karate hue unheM gaMgA nadI ke pAra aTavI meM senApati ke dvArA bheja dete haiN| senApati vApasa Akara rAma ko sItA kA sandeza dete haiM, "jisa taraha lokApavAda ke bhaya se Apane mujhe chor3A, usa taraha jinadharma ko nahIM chor3a denaa|" vana kI bhISaNatA aura sItA kI garbhadazA kA vicAra kara rAma bahuta dukhI hote haiM, lakSmaNa unheM bahuta samajhAte haiN| idhara puMDarIkapura ke rAjA vajrajaMgha bhayaMkara aTavI meM vilApa karatI sItA ko dharmabahina svIkRta kara apane sAtha puMDarIkapura le jAte haiN| vahA~ nau mAha pUrNa hone para sItA ke zrAvaNa mAsa kI pUrNimA ke dina do sukhadAyaka putra utpanna hue| unameM se eka anaMgalavaNa aura dUsarA madanAMkuza nAma se suzobhita huaa| ye donoM bAlaka krama-krama se vRddhi ko prApta hue| siddhArtha nAsaka kSullaka ne donoM putroM ko vidyAe~ sikhaaiiN| rAjA vajrajaMgha aura rAnI lakSmI se utpanna zazicUlA Adi battIsa putriyoM kA vivAha anaMgalavaNa se aura pRthivIpura ke rAjA kI putrI kanakamAlA se madanAMkuza kA vivAha ho jAtA hai| vivAha ke bAda donoM vIrakumAra digvijaya kara aneka rAjAoM ko apane AdhIna kara lete haiN| eka bAra nArada muni se rAma aura padmapurANa :: 41

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lakSmaNa kA paricaya sunakara tathA apanI mAtA sItA ke parityAga kI bAta jAnakara donoM vIrakumAra senA sahita ayodhyA ko ghera lete haiM aura rAma-lakSmaNa ke sAtha ghora yuddha karate haiN| rAma-lakSmaNa amogha zastroM kA prayoga kara bhI donoM rAjakumAroM se nahIM jIta pAte, jaba kSullaka siddhArtha rAma-lakSmaNa ko vIrakumAroM kA paricaya dete haiN| apane putroM se milakara rAma-lakSmaNa bahuta hI prasanna hote haiN| hanumAna aura sugrIva Adi rAjAoM ke samajhAne para rAma sItA ko bulA lete haiM aura sItA kI agniparIkSA lete haiN| sItA paMca parameSThI kA dhyAna karatI hai, jisase samasta agni jalarUpa meM parivartita ho jAtI hai| samasta prajA tathA rAma sItA kI nirdoSitA se prabhAvita hokara kSamA mA~gate haiM aura ghara calane kI prArthanA karate haiN| parantu sItA saMsAra se virakta hokara pRthivImatI AryikA se dIkSA grahaNa karatI hai| sItA bAsaTha varSa tapa kara anta meM taiMtIsa dina kI sallekhanA dhAraNa kara acyuta svarga meM pratIndra hotI hai| idhara sarvabhUSaNa kevalI rAma, lakSmaNa aura sItA ke bhavAntaroM kA varNana vibhISaNa Adi rAjAoM ko batAte haiM / rAma kA senApati kRtAntavakra, lakSmaNa ke ATha putra aura hanumAna sabhI dIkSA grahaNa kara lete haiN| rAma aura lakSmaNa ke sneha-bandhana kI parakha karane ke lie svarga se do deva ayodhyA Ate haiM aura vikriyA se lakSmaNa ko rAma kI mRtyu kA samAcAra dete haiM, jisase lakSmaNa kI mRtyu ho jAtI hai| ___ isa ghaTanA se lavaNa aura aMkuza bhI dIkSita ho jAte haiM / lakSmaNa ke niSprANa zarIra ko godI meM lekara vilApa karate hue rAma chaha mAha idhara-udhara bhaTakate haiN| sabhI rAma ko samajhAte haiM, parantu pUrva jaTAyu kA jIva deva svarga se Akara rAma ko samajhAte haiM, taba chaha mAha bAda rAma lakSmaNa ke zarIra kA dAha saMskAra karate haiN| rAma saMsAra se virakta ho anaMgalavaNa ke putra ko rAjya sauMpa dete haiN| rAma, zatrughna aura vibhISaNa Adi rAjA dIkSA grahaNa kara lete haiN| munirAja rAma pA~ca dina kA upavAsa lekara vana meM rahate haiM, vahIM para rAjA pratinandI aura rAnI prabhavA vana meM hI munirAja ko AhAradAna dete haiN| rAma tapazcaryA meM lIna rahate haiM / sItA kA jIva acyuta svarga kA pratIndra jaba avadhijJAna se yaha jAnatA hai ki ye isI bhava se mokSa jAnevAle haiM, taba prItivaza unheM vicalita karane kA prayatna karatA hai| parantu mahAmuni rAma kSapaka zreNI prApta kara kevalI ho jAte haiN| 42 :: pramukha jaina granthoM kA paricaya

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sItA kA jIva pratIndra naraka meM jAkara lakSmaNa aura rAvaNa ke jIva ko sambodhita karatA hai| dharmopadeza detA hai| unake dukha se dukhI hokara unako naraka se nikAlane kA prayatna karatA hai| naraka se nikalakara vaha kevalI rAma kI zaraNa meM jAtA hai aura dazaratha, lakSmaNa, rAvaNa aura bhAmaMDala Adi ke Age ke bhavoM ke bAre meM pUchatA hai| taba rAma kevalI kahate haiM ki dazaratha Anata svarga meM deva hue haiM, sumitrA, kaikayA, suprabhA, kauzalyA, janaka tathA kanaka ye sabhI samyagdRSTi Anata svarga meM atulya vibhUti ke dhAraka deva haiM / lavaNa aura aMkuza avinAzI pada prApta kreNge| bhAmaMDala kA jIva AhAra dAna ke prabhAva se devakuru meM uttama Arya huA hai| rAvaNa kA jIva satyavrata ke prabhAva se manuSya bhava pAkara durlabha tIrthaMkara nAmakarma kA bandha karegA arthAt bhaviSyakAla ke tIrthaMkara hoNge| sItA kA jIva ukta tIrthaMkara kA RddhidhArI 'zrImAna' nAma kA prathama gaNadhara hogaa| lakSmaNa kA jIva tIrthaMkara aura cakravartI pada ko prApta kara nirvANa prApta kregaa| isa prakAra manuSya ko puNya aura pApa kA antara jAnakara pApa ko chor3akara puNya kA saMcaya karanA caahie| jo zrAvaka padmapurANa kA zAntabhAva se adhyayana karegA, nizcaya hI use sAtizaya puNya kA saMcaya hogaa| padmapurANa :: 43

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harivaMzapurANa rASTra ke kucha mahApuruSoM ke caritra vyApaka rUpa se lokapriyatA ke viSaya bana gaye haiN| unameM se rAma aura kRSNa ke caritra vizeSa mahattvapUrNa rahe haiN| jaina aura jainetara sAhitya meM gata do-DhAI hajAra varSoM se agaNita purANa, kAvya, nATaka aura kathAnaka inake AdhAra para likhe gaye haiN| jaise-vaidika paramparA meM rAmAyaNa aura mahAbhArata pramukha grantha rahe haiM, usI prakAra jaina sAhitya meM padmapurANa aura harivaMzapurANa pramukha grantha mAne jAte haiN| grantha ke nAma kA artha harivaMza kRSNa va kaurava-pANDavoM ke vaMza kA nAma hai / harivaMzapurANa meM isa vaMza kA vistRta varNana AyA hai, ata: isakA nAma harivaMzapurANa hai| granthakAra kA paricaya harivaMzapurANa AcArya jinasena (prathama) kI apratima saMskRta kAvyakRti hai| ve bahuzruta vidvAna the| AcArya jinasena kA samaya I. san 748 se 818 taka kA mAnA jAtA hai| inake guru kA nAma kIrtiSeNa aura dAdAguru kA nAma jinasena thaa| ye punnATa saMgha ke the| AcArya jinasena dvArA racita harivaMzapurANa jaina sAhitya meM apanA pramukha sthAna rakhatA hai| isa grantha kI racanA I. san 783 meM huI thii| grantha kA mahattva 1. harivaMzapurANa ke svAdhyAya se patA calatA hai ki yaha mAtra purANa hI nahIM hai, apitu purANa ke sAtha-sAtha jaina vAGmaya ke vividha viSayoM kA acchA nirUpaNa isameM kiyA gayA hai| yaha jaina sAhitya kA eka anupama grantha aura uccakoTi kA mahAkAvya hai| 44 :: pramukha jaina granthoM kA paricaya

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2. harivaMzapurANa kI mahattvapUrNa vizeSatA yaha hai ki isameM yAdavakula aura usameM utpanna hue do zalAkApuruSoM kA caritra vizeSa rUpa se varNita hai-eka __ bAIsaveM tIrthaMkara neminAtha aura dUsare naveM nArAyaNa kRssnn| ye donoM cacere bhAI the| 3. bhagavAna neminAtha kA jIvana Adarza aura tyAga kA jIvana hai| ve harivaMza gagana ke prakAzamAna sUrya the| inake jIvanacaritra ko par3hakara hameM Adarza jIvana jIne kI preraNA milatI hai| 4. harivaMza purANa ke anta meM bhagavAna mahAvIra ke nirvANa kA prasaMga dIpAvalI ke pracalita hone kA bhI varNana hai, jise par3hakara dIpAvalI manAne kA vAstavika kAraNa zrAvaka jAna sakate haiN| 5. isa grantha meM sAhityika suSamA ke sAtha sRSTividyA, dharmazAstra, tattvajJAna, Sadravya aura paMcAstikAya Adi kA bhI vistArapUrvaka varNana kiyA hai| 6. AcArya jinasena ne apane samaya kI rAjanItika paristhitiyoM kA bhI citraNa kiyA hai| grantha kI kathA DhAI hajAra varSa purAnI bAta hai| bhagavAna mahAvIra kA samavasaraNa rAjagRhI nagara meM aayaa| sArI prajA ke sAtha rAjA zreNika bhI dharmalAbhArtha samavasaraNa phuNce| vahA~ sabhI ne bhagavAna mahAvIra kI divyadhvani sunii| isI samaya samavasaraNa meM eka munirAja ko kevalajJAna ho gyaa| rAjA zreNika ne gautama gaNadhara se una munirAja ke viSaya meM puuchaa| gautama gaNadhara ne batAyA ki vaha harivaMza meM utpanna suvikhyAta rAjA jitazatru hai / rAjA zreNika ne gautama gaNadhara se harivaMza kA sampUrNa vRttAnta sunAne kA anurodha kiyaa| gautama gaNadhara ne isa prakAra kahA yaha vizva SaDdravyAtmaka hai| isake do vibhAga haiM-lokAkAza aura alokaakaash| alokAkAza meM mAtra AkAza dravya hai aura lokAkAza meM jIvAdi chaha dravya haiM / alokAkAza ananta hai aura lokAkAza ke tIna bhAga haiM-urdhvaloka, adholoka aura mdhylok| Urdhvaloka meM jyotiSaloka aura svargAdi Ate haiM, adholoka meM naraka Ate haiN| madhyaloka ke antargata asaMkhyAtadvIpasamudroM meM eka bharatakSetra hai| bharatakSetra meM jisa prakAra eka mAha meM kRSNa aura zukla pakSa hote haiM, usI prakAra eka kalpa meM utsarpiNI aura avasarpiNI do kAla hote haiN| donoM kAloM meM chaha vibhAga hote haiM / avasarpiNI ke chaha vibhAga ye haiM-sukhamA-sukhamA, harivaMzapurANa :: 45

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sukhamA, sukhamA-dukhamA, dukhamA-sukhamA, dukhamA, dukhmaa-dukhmaa| ye hI apane viparIta-krama se utsarpiNI ke nAma haiN| utsarpiNI ke bAda avasarpiNI aura avasarpiNI ke bAda utsarpiNI-aisA kAlakrama yahA~ anAdi se cala rahA hai aura anantakAla taka calatA rhegaa| isakA koI kartA-dhartA nahIM hai| inameM se isI avasarpiNI ke cauthe kAla kI bAta hai| jaba yahA~ dasaveM tIrthaMkara bhagavAna zItalanAtha sazarIra virAjamAna the, taba harivaMza kI utpatti huii| nauveM tIrthaMkara bhagavAna puSpadanta ke samaya taka to yahA~ ikSvAkuvaMza hI calatA rahA, kintu dasaveM tIrthaMkara ke samaya harivaMza kI utpatti huI / vaha isa prakAra hai vatsadeza kI kauzAMbI nagarI meM rAjA sumukha rAjya karatA thaa| eka dina vaha vIraka seTha kI patnI vanamAlA para Asakta ho gyaa| vanamAlA bhI rAjA sumukha para Asakta ho gyii| rAjamantrI aura rAjadUtoM ke prayAsoM se vanamAlA aura sumukha ne eka rAtri meM milakara vividha kAmakrIr3Ae~ kara liiN| prAta:kAla hone para bhI vanamAlA seTha ke ghara nahIM pahu~cI, apitu rAjA sumukha kI paTarAnI bana gyii| isa prakAra yadyapi ina donoM ne parastrI/parapuruSa ke sevana kA ghora pApa kiyA, kintu eka bAra eka mahAmunirAja ko navadhAbhaktipUrvaka AhAra diyA aura apane duSkRtya kA prAyazcitta kara prabala-puNya upArjita kiyaa| phalasvarUpa, donoM marakara vijayAddhagiri para vidyAdhara-dampatI bne| idhara vaha vIraka seTha vanamAlA ke viyoga se dukhI hokara muni bana gayA aura marakara pahale svarga meM deva huaa| vahA~ usane apane avadhijJAna se pUrvajanma kI sArI bAteM jAna lIM aura apane apamAna kA badalA lene ke lie vaha vijayArddhagiri para aayaa| usane vidyAdhara-dampatI kI vidyA chIna lI aura unheM dakSiNa bhArata kI campApurI kA rAjya de diyaa| campApurI isa samaya apane rAjA arkakIrti ke mara jAne se anAtha thii| campApurI meM isa vidyAdhara-dampatI ke eka hari nAma kA putra huaa| pitA kI mRtyu ke bAda campApurI kA rAjA hari bnaa| hari kI santAna harivaMzI khlaaii| isa harivaMza meM svargamokSagAmI aneka mahAna rAjA hue| bIsaveM tIrthaMkara bhagavAna munisuvratanAtha bhI isI harivaMza meM utpanna hue the| Age calakara isI harivaMza meM eka abhicandra nAma kA rAjA huaa| isane vedIpura nAma kA eka zahara bsaayaa| vedIpura meM eka brAhmaNa rahatA thaa-kssiirkdmb| usake aneka ziSya the, jinameM tIna pramukha the-rAjA abhicandra kA putra vasu, usakA svayaM kA putra parvata aura eka anya brAhmaNa naard| kucha samaya bAda kSIrakadamba brAhmaNa aura rAjA abhicandra ne jinadIkSA dhAraNa kara lii| vedIpura kA rAjA vasu bnaa| vasu sphaTika 46 :: pramukha jaina granthoM kA paricaya

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maNi ke Asana para virAjatA thaa| Asana kisI ko spaSTa nahIM dikhatA thaa| saba loga yahI samajhate the ki rAjA vasu dharma ke prabhAva se adhara virAjate haiN| eka dina nArada aura parvata meM 'aja' zabda ke artha para vivAda ho gyaa| veda meM AyA thA ki 'aja' se yajJa karanA caahie| parvata ne isa vAkya meM Ae hue aja' zabda kA artha 'ajA ke putra-pazu' kiyaa| nArada ne ise anucita siddha kiyaa| samucita artha ke nirNaya ke lie donoM rAjA vasu kI sabhA meM phuNce| rAjA vasu ne satya artha ko jAnate hue bhI, gurupatnI ko die vacana ke nirvAha karane ke moha meM, bharI sabhA meM asatya phaisalA sunA diyaa| isase vaha siMhAsana sahita dharatI meM dhaMsa gayA aura marakara sAtaveM naraka meM phuNcaa| vasu ke marane ke bAda usakA bar3A putra rAjA banA, para vaha bhI mara gyaa| isa prakAra krama-krama se rAjA vasu ke ATha putra rAjA banakara mara gye| nauveM-dasaveM putra suvasu aura vRhaddhvaja mRtyu se Darakara kramazaH nAgapura aura mathurA cale gye| donoM ke vaMza acchI taraha calate rhe| nAgapuravAsI suvasu ke vaMza meM nihatazatru nAma kA mahAna zatruvijetA rAjA huaa| usake putra ne rAjagRha kA rAjya kiyaa| phira usake navA~ pratinArAyaNa jarAsandha huA jo rAvaNa ke samAna trikhaMDI thaa| jarAsandha ke kAlindasenA nAma kI paTarAnI, kAlayavanAdi putra aura aparAjita Adi bhAI the| mathurA vRhaddhvaja ke vaMza meM yadu nAma kA rAjA huA, jisake vaMzaja yAdava khlaae| ina yAdavoM ke vaMza meM Age calakara zUra aura suvIra nAma ke do putra hue| mathurA kA rAjya suvIra ne kiyA aura zUra ne zaurIpura nAma kA pRthak nagara basA liyaa| zaurIpura ke rAjA zUra ke andhakavRSTi Adi putra hue aura mathurA ke rAjA suvIra ke bhojakavRSTi Adi putra hue| andhakavRSTi ke dasa putra hue-samudravijaya, akSobha, stimitasAgara, himavAna, vijaya, acala, dhAraNa, pUraNa, abhicandra aura vsudev| do putriyA~ huIM-kuntI aura maadrii| bhojakavRSTi ke tIna putra hueugrasena, mahAsena aura devsen| eka dina andhakavRSTi ne supratiSThita kevalI se apane aura apane dasoM putroM ke pUrvabhava sune aura apane jyeSTha-putra samudravijaya ko rAjya sauMpakara nirgantha digambara-jinadIkSA dhAraNa kara lii| eka dina rAjA samudravijaya se usake sabase choTe bhAI vasudeva eka choTI-sI bAta para nArAja ho gaye aura ghara chor3akara cale gye| yAtrA meM unhoMne apane adbhuta-parAkrama aura kalA-kauzala se duSkRtyoM kA nivAraNa kiyA, sukRtyoM kA sampAdana kiyA aura mahAsundarI saikar3oM kanyAe~ prApta kii| isI daurAna eka bAra ve ghUmate-ghUmate ariSTapura phuNce| vahA~ rAjA rudhira kI harivaMzapurANa :: 47

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putrI rohiNI kA svayaMvara ho rahA thaa| svayaMvara meM jarAsaMdha jaise mahAparAkramI rAjA aura vasudeva ke bar3e bhAI samudravijayAdi bhI Ae hue the| rohiNI ne apanI varamAlA vasudeva ke gale meM ddaalii| isase upasthita sabhI rAjA bahuta kupita hue aura vasudeva se yuddha karane lge| vasudeva ne sabako harA diyaa| samadravijaya aura vasudeva meM yuddha prArambha huaa| vasudeva to samudravijaya ko pahacAnate the, kintu samudravijaya vasudeva ko nahIM pahacAnate the; ataH samudravijaya ne vasudeva ko vividha divyAstroM se parAjita karane kI pUrI koziza kI, parantu vasudeva ne unake samasta divyAstroM ko asaphala kara diyA aura anta meM apane nAma kI parcI apane bANa meM bA~dhakara samudravijaya ke caraNoM meM pahu~cA dii| samudravijayAdi sabhI bhAI vasudeva ko pAkara gadgada ho gye| zaurIpura pahu~cakara vasudeva kA adbhuta svAgata kiyA gyaa| zaurIpura meM vasudeva ne aneka prabuddha rAjakumAroM ko zastravidyA sikhaaii| ___ eka bAra vasudeva apane kaMsAdika ziSyoM ke sAtha jarAsandha ko dekhane ke lie rAjagRha nagarI meM gye| vahA~ rAjA jarAsandha ne yaha ghoSaNA kara rakhI thI ki jo siMhapura ke rAjA siMhastha ko bandI banAkara lAegA, use maiM apanI patrI jIvadyazA aura icchita deza kA rAjya duuNgaa| vasudeva ne apane kaMsAdika ziSyoM sahita siMhapura pahu~cakara rAjA siMhastha ko ghera liyaa| kaMsa ne use bandI banA liyaa| isase vasudeva ne prasanna hokara kaMsa se vara mA~gane ke lie khaa| kaMsa ne usa vara ko yatheSTa avasara para mA~ga sakane ke lie vasudeva ke hI bhaMDAra meM rakha diyaa| jaba vasudeva rAjA siMhastha ko bandI banAkara jarAsandha ke pAsa le gaye, to jarAsandha vasudeva ko apanI putrI dene ke lie taiyAra huA, para vasudeva ne batAyA ki ise bandI maiMne nahIM, kaMsa ne banAyA hai, ataH putrI use dI jaae| jarAsandha ne kaMsa se usakA kula puuchaa| kaMsa ne itanA hI batAyA ki merI mA~ kauzAmbI nagarI kI kalAlI maMjodarI hai| rAjA jarAsandha ko isameM sandeha huaa| usane maMjodarI ko bulvaayaa| maMjodarI ne batAyA ki mujhe to yaha yamunA nadI meM bahatI huI isa piTArI meM milA hai, jisake sAtha yaha mudrikA bhI thI, maiM isakI mA~ nahIM huuN| rAjA jarAsandha ne mudrikA par3hI-"yaha rAjA ugrasena aura rAnI padmAvatI kA putra hai, jo garbha meM Ate hI klezakArI huA hai aura azubha nakSatra meM utpanna huA hai| isake karma isakI rakSA kreN|" isa prakAra jarAsandha ne kaMsa ko apanA bhAnajA jAnakara apanI putrI jIvadyazA pradAna kara dii| mudrikA para likhe kathana se kaMsa ko bhI apanI satya jIvanI abhI hI patA clii| use apane pitA ugrasena para bar3A krodha aayaa| usane rAjA jarAsandha se 48 :: pramukha jaina granthoM kA paricaya

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mathurA kA rAjya mA~gakara apane pitA ugrasena ko bandIgRha meM DAla diyaa| mathurA kA rAjA banakara kaMsa ne vicAra kiyA ki merI isa saba samRddhi kA kAraNa vAstava meM vasudeva haiN| mujhe unakA pratyupakAra karanA cAhie aura usane apanI bahina devakI kA vivAha vasudeva ke sAtha kara diyaa| eka dina kI bAta! atimuktaka nAmaka munirAja (jo pahale kaMsa ke bhAI the) AhAra ke lie aae| unhoMne jIvadhazA se kahA ki "isI devakI ke garbha se eka aisA putra utpanna hogA jo tere pati aura pitA donoM ko maaregaa|" yaha sunakara jIvadyazA bahuta roI / kaMsa ne atizIghra vasudeva ke pAsa jAkara apanA vara mA~gA ki devakI ke prasava mere hI ghara meM hone caahie| vasudeva ko atimuktaka munirAja kA vRttAnta mAlUma nahIM thA, ataH unhoMne sahajabhAva se kaMsa kI bAta svIkAra kara lii| bAda meM jaba unheM isakA patA lagA to bahuta dukha huaa| ve vana meM atimuktaka munirAja ke pAsa gaye aura unase vistArapUrvaka sArI bAta sApha-sApha samajhakara bahuta prasanna hue aura mathurA lauTakara niHzaMka nivAsa karane lge| ___yathAsamaya devakI ne garbha dhAraNa kiye| usake chaha putroM ko devoM ne alakA nAma kI eka seThAnI ke ghara surakSita pahu~cA diyaa| phira sAtaveM putra (kRSNa) kA janma huaa| vasudeva use gupta rUpa se le jAkara gokula meM nanda aura yazodA ko sauMpa Aye aura unake jo usI samaya putrI huI thI use lAkara devakI ko sauMpa diyaa| kaMsa ne jaba isa putrI ko dekhA to socA, yaha kanyA mujhe nahIM mAra sakatI hai, hA~, isakA koI rAjakumAra pati merA zatru ho sakatA hai, ataH kaMsa ne usa kanyA ko mArA nahIM, mAtra usakI nAka capaTI kara dii| idhara gokula meM kRSNa bar3e hote rhe| eka bAra kisI nimittajJAnI ne kaMsa ko batAyA ki ApakA zatru kisI nagarI meM bar3A ho rahA hai, Apa use khojakara mAra ddaalie| kaMsa ne apane pUrvajanma meM sAta deviyA~ siddha kI thiiN| usane yaha kArya una deviyoM ko sauNpaa| parantu sAtoM deviyA~ asaphala ho gyiiN| eka bAra mathurA meM tIna ratna utpanna hue-nAgazaiyyA, paMcAyana zaMkha aura dhnuss| inheM dekhakara phira eka nimittajJAnI ne kaMsa ko batAyA ki jo isa nAgazaiyyA para ArohaNa kare, dhanuSa car3hAve aura zaMkha bajAve, vahI ApakA zatru hai| kaMsa ne sarvatra ghoSaNA karavA dI ki jo aisA karegA use vaha apanI putrI aparAjitA pradAna kregaa| deza-deza ke parAkramI Aye, para aisA koI na kara skaa| eka bAra kaMsa ne gokula ke gvAloM ko yaha kaThina AjJA bhejI ki ve nAgadraha sarovara meM se sahasradalakamala lekara aaveN| sabhI gvAle bar3e cintita hue, harivaMzapurANa :: 49

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kyoMki isa sarovara meM eka vikarAla nAgakumAra deva rahatA thA / kRSNa isa sarovara meM se nAgakumAra kA damana kara sahaja hI sahasradalakamala ko lAne meM saphala ho gye| isake bAda aneka gvAle bhI DheroM kamala le Aye aura gA~TheM bA~dhakara kaMsa ke pAsa bheja diiN| yaha dekhakara kaMsa bahuta kruddha huA / usane gokula ke sabhI gvAloM ko mana meM durabhiprAya rakhakara mallayuddha hetu bulAyA / vasudeva ne ye sAre samAcAra apane bhAiyoM ke pAsa bheja die / ve sabhI zIghra mathurA A pahu~ce / sabake samakSa ghamAsAna mallayuddha huA / cADUra va muSTi jaise balavAna malla aura kaMsa lIlAmAtra hI kRSNa ke hAthoM mAre gaye / kaMsa kI mRtyu ke bAda usakI patnI jIvadyazA ne apane pitA jarAsandha ko nAnA prakAra se yAdavoM ke viruddha bhar3akAyA / jarAsandha bhar3aka gayA / usane apane parAkramI putra kAlayavana ko yAdavoM ko mArane ke lie bhejA, parantu vaha Darakara bhAga gyaa| isake bAda jarAsandha ne apane bhAI aparAjita ko bhejA / vaha kRSNa ke hAthoM mArA gyaa| isase jarAsandha atyanta kruddha hokara svayaM hI yAdavoM se yuddha karane aayaa| yAdavoM ne abhI yuddha ucita nahIM samajhA, ataH ve mathurA chor3akara pazcima dizA kI ora cale gaye the / jarAsandha ko mathurA jalatI huI milii| Aga ke pAsa eka vRddhA baiThI ro rahI thI jo vastutaH eka devI thI / jarAsandha ne usase Aga kA aura usake rone kA kAraNa pUchA / vRddhArUpiNI devI bolI - "rAjagRha ke parAkramI, upakArI aura satyavAdI rAjA jarAsandha ke bhaya se sabhI yAdava agnipraveza kara cale gaye haiM aura maiM unakI bahuta purAnI dAsI hU~, isalie ro rahI huuN|" jarAsandha prasanna hokara lauTa gayA / sabhI yAdava deva nirmita dvArAvatI meM nivAsa karane lage / yahA~ baladeva aura vAsudeva kA prabhAva khUba jamA / eka dina yAdavoM kI sabhA meM nAradajI Ae / vArtAlApa ke bAda ve ranivAsa meM gye| vahA~ satyabhAmA zRMgAra meM vyasta hone se inakA Agamana na jAna sakI, ataH praNAma na kara skii| nAradajI nArAja ho gaye / unhoMne use dukhI karane ke lie usase sundara sauta lAne kA nirNaya kiyA / bahuta khojane ke uparAnta unheM kundanapura ke rAjA bhISma kI putrI rukmiNI pasanda aaii| unhoMne kRSNa ke samakSa rukmiNI ke rUpa-saundarya kA varNana kiyA / rukmiNI bhI apanI buA ke mAdhyama se zrIkRSNa ko cAhane lagI thI, yadyapi usakI sagAI cedi nagara ke rAjA zizupAla se ho gayI thI, tathApi usane svayaM hI zrIkRSNa ko patra likhakara apanA manobhAva vyakta kiyaa| zrIkRSNa ne patra meM nirdhArita kAryakramAnusAra rukmiNI kA haraNa kara liyaa| zizupAla zrIkRSNa se yuddha karake mArA gayA / kRSNa 50 :: pramukha jaina granthoM kA paricaya 7

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rukmiNI kA giranAra parvata para vidhipUrvaka vivAha ho gayA / rukmiNI paTarAnI bana gyii| satyabhAmA usase jalane lagI / eka bAra zrIkRSNa ke pAsa duryodhana kA dUta AyA / usane zrIkRSNa ko nivedana kiyA ki ApakI ina do rAniyoM meM jisake pahale putra ho, vaha duryodhana kI putrI svIkAra kregaa| donoM rAniyoM ke putra eka sAtha hue, kintu pahale sUcanA rukmiNI ke putra kI milI, isalie vahI pahalA putra mAnA gayA; kintu use pUrvajanma kA vairI eka vidyAdhara uThAkara le gayA aura eka bar3I bhArI zilA ke nIce dabA kara calA gyaa| thor3I hI dera meM eka kAlasaMvara nAma kA anya vidyAdhara AyA / vaha usa bAlaka ko apane ghara le gayA / idhara rukmiNI ke putraharaNa ke samAcAra ne koharAma macA diyA / nAradajI putra ke samAcAra jAnane ke lie sImandhara bhagavAna ke pAsa gye| vahA~ se kAlasaMvara ke ghara gaye aura vistRta samAcAra lekara lauTe / rukmiNI ko batA diyA ki use solaha varSa bAda usakA putra mila jAvegA / vaha sImandhara bhagavAna ke vacanoM para vizvAsa kara dhairya dhAraNa kare / 1 samaya bItatA rhaa| eka bAra samudravijayAdi dasa bhAiyoM ke bhAnaje pA~coM pAMDava dvArakApurI aae| sabhI ne inakA utsAhapUrvaka svAgata kiyA / solaha varSa pUre hone para rukmiNI kA putra ( pradyumna) bhI dvArakA lauTa aayaa| isa prakAra aba dvArakA meM sAr3he tIna karor3a kumAra rahane lage / eka bAra kI bAta hai / kRSNa kI bahina ( yazodA kI putrI jo kRSNa ke badale meM lAI gayI thI) darpaNa meM apanA rUpa dekha rahI thI / yoM to vaha anupama sundarI thI, kintu apanI nAka capaTI dekhakara use saMsAra - zarIra-bhogoM se vairAgya ho gyaa| usane jinadIkSA dhAraNa kara lii| eka bAra yaha dhyAnastha thI ki DAkuoM ne ise vanadevI samajhakara usase varadAna mA~gA ki Aja unheM bahuta sArA dhana milanA caahie| saMyoga se inakI icchA pUrI ho gyii| ve lauTakara apanI 'vanadevI' ke pAsa Ae, parantu vaha nahIM milI / use siMha khA gayA thA / ' vanadevI' ke sthAna para bikharA huA khUna aura mAtra tIna a~guliyA~ milIM / DAkuoM ne vahA~ trizUladhAriNI devI - pratimA banA dI aura use bhaiMse Adi mAnakara khUba khUna pilAyA (svayaM ne pIyA) / yaha duniyA use Aja bhI devI / mAtA Adi ke rUpa meM mAnatI calI A rahI hai / ahA mUr3hatA ! zanaiH-zanaiH zrIkRSNa Adi yAdavoM ke parAkrama kI gAthA jarAsandha taka pahu~ca gyii| vaha senA lekara yAdavoM se lar3ane A gayA aura antataH apane hI cakra se harivaMzapurANa :: 51

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zrIkRSNa ke hAthoM mArA gyaa| zrIkRSNa jarAsandha ke zava ko dekha-dekhakara bahuta roe| unheM usake maraNa para bahuta zoka huA / yuddhoparAnta zrIkRSNa ne ghAyaloM kA upacAra aura mRtakoM kA vidhipUrvaka dAhasaMskAra kraayaa| dvArakA pahu~cane para balabhadra aura nArAyaNa kA rAjyAbhiSeka huaa| rAjagRhI kA rAjya jarAsandha ke putra siMhadeva ko, mathurA kA rAjya ugrasena ke putra dvAra ko, zaurIpura kA rAjya samudravijaya ke putra rathanemi ko, hastinApura kA rAjya pAMDavoM ko aura kauzaladeza kA rAjya hiraNyanAbhi ke bhAI rukmanAbha ko diyA gyaa| sabhI loga prasanna hokara apaneapane sthAna ko gaye aura sabhI yAdava dvArakA meM sukhapUrvaka kAla vyatIta karane lage / jJAta ho ki isase pUrva rAjA samudravijaya aura rAnI zivamatI ke zrI neminAtha (bAIsaveM tIrthaMkara) kA janma ho cukA thA aura devagaNa unake garbha-janma kalyANaka manA cuke the| aba ve dUlhA banakara bhojavaMziyoM kI beTI rAjamati ko byAhane jA rahe the| vahA~ kisI ne mRgAdi pazuoM ko roka rakhA thA / neminAtha ne sArathI se usake bAre meM puuchaa| sArathI ne batAyA - " he nAtha! yAdava parajinadharmI haiM, ve to zAkAhArI hI haiM, para kucha anya bhIla - rAjA bhI Apake vivAha meM Ae haiM, jo mAMsAhArI haiM; ye pazu unhIM ke lie lAe haiN|" karuNAnidhAna neminAtha kA hRdaya yaha sunakara ro pdd'aa| unhoMne atyanta mArmika udbodhana se sabhI ko samajhAyA, pazuoM ko bandhanamukta karAyA aura phira apane Apako samajhAne lage / viSayabhogoM kI asAratA kA vicAra karate-karate unheM vairAgya ho gyaa| itane meM laukAntika deva bhI A gaye / neminAtha kA dIkSAkalyANaka manAyA gyaa| unhoMne giranAra parvata para jAkara jainezvarI dIkSA dhAraNa kara lI / rAjamati bahuta dukhI huI, para bAda meM gurujanoM ke upadeza se usane dhairya dhAraNa kiyA aura zAnta citta se saMsAra aura zarIrabhogoM se virakta hokara usane bhI jinadIkSA dhAraNa kara lI / eka dina neminAtha svAmI ko AtmadhyAna ke bala se lokAloka prakAzaka kevalajJAna prakaTa ho gyaa| devoM ne kevalajJAnakalyANaka manAyA / indra kI AjJA se adbhuta samavasaraNa kI racanA huI / bhagavAna neminAtha ne samavasaraNa sahita aneka dezoM meM vihAra kara vastusvarUpa kA pratipAdana kiyA, jise sunakara aneka jIvoM ne mokSamArga kI prApti kI / eka bAra balabhadra ne bhagavAna neminAtha se dvArakA kI sthiti, apane saMyama aura vAsudeva ke maraNa ke viSaya meM puuchaa| bhagavAna neminAtha ne kahA- dvArakA bAraha varSa bAda dvIpAyana ke nimitta se jala jAegI, jaratkumAra ke bANa se jaMgala 52 :: pramukha jaina granthoM kA paricaya

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meM vAsudeva kI mRtyu ho jaaegii| yaha sunakara baladeva ne munidIkSA dhAraNa kara lii| pA~coM pAMDava aura draupadI ne bhI kAlAntara meM jinadIkSA dhAraNa kara lii| bhagavAna neminAtha ne sarva karmoM kA kSaya kara mokSa prApta kiyA / bhavya prANI isa purANa ko par3he yA sune, use sarvasukhoM kI prApti hotI hai / yaha purANa kathApremiyoM ke lie jitanA upayogI hai, usase kahIM adhika isakI upayogitA bhAratIya saMskRti aura itihAsa ke anusandhAna- premiyoM ke lie hai / harivaMzapurANa :: 53

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- gommaTasAra gommaTasAra grantha ke do bhAga haiM-1. gommaTasAra jIvakANDa, 2. gommaTasAra krmkaanndd| gommaTasAra ke kaI saMskaraNa prApta hote haiN| jinameM se pramukha saMskaraNa bhAratIya jJAnapITha se san 1978 se 1981 meM pahalI bAra cAra vRhat jildoM meM (gommaTasAra jIvakANDa bhAga 1 aura bhAga 2, aura gommaTasAra karmakANDa bhAga 1 aura bhAga 2) meM prakAzita huA hai| dUsarA saMskaraNa rAyacandra zAstramAlA bambaI kA hai| tIsarA saMskaraNa devakaraNa zAstramAlA kA hai| grantha ke nAma kA artha nemicandrAcArya ne apane isa grantha kI racanA rAjA cAmuNDarAya ke lie kI thii| rAjA cAmuNDarAya kA dUsarA nAma gommaTa thA, isalie isa grantha ko gommaTasAra kI saMjJA dI gayI hai| isake pahale bhAga meM jIvasthAna kA aura dUsare bhAga meM karmakANDa kA varNana hai, ataH donoM bhAgoM ke nAma gommaTasAra jIvakANDa aura gommaTasAra karmakANDa haiN| granthakAra kA paricaya gommaTasAra grantha kI racanA AcArya nemicandra siddhAntacakravartI ne kI hai| inakA samaya I. san kI dazama zatAbdI kA uttarArddha mAnA jAtA hai| siddhAntacakravartI inakI upAdhi hai| siddhAntagranthoM ke abhyAsI ko siddhAnta cakravartI kA pada prAcIna samaya se hI diyA jAtA rahA hai| nizcayataH AcArya nemicandra siddhAntagranthoM ke adhikArI vidvAna the| yahI kAraNa hai ki unhoMne dhavalA TIkA kA manthana kara gommaTasAra aura jayadhavalA TIkA kA manthana kara labdhisAra grantha kI racanA kI hai| 54 :: pramukha jaina granthoM kA paricaya

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racanAe~ : AcArya nemicandra AgamazAstra ke vizeSajJa haiN| inakI nimnalikhita racanAe~ prasiddha haiM-( 1 ) gommaTasAra ( 2 ) trilokasAra ( 3 ) labdhisAra (4) kSapaNAsAra / grantha kA mahattva 1. jaina dharma ke jIvatattva aura karmasiddhAnta kI vistAra se vyAkhyA karanevAlA mahAna grantha hai-- gommaTasAra / 2. yaha grantha siddhAntazAstra evaM Agama zAstra ke rUpa meM mAnya hai I 3. yaha SaTkhaNDAgama ke samAna mahattvapUrNa grantha hai / 4. dhavalA aura jayadhavalA kI racanA ke pazcAt gommaTasAra grantha ko siddhAntaviSayaka vidvattA kA mApadaNDa mAna liyA gayA aura isake paThanapAThana kA pracAra sarvatra kiyA gayA / 5. grantha kI racanA SaTkhaNDAgama aura paJcasaMgraha ke AdhAra para hI huI hai / 6. isa grantha para aneka kannar3a, saMskRta aura hindI Adi bhASAoM meM TIkAe~ bhI likhI gayI haiN| yathA jIvatattvapradIpikA : nemicandra jI * * * * mandaprabodhikA : abhayacandra siddhAntacakravartI kannar3akRti : kezava varNI samyagjJAnacandrikA ( vacanikA) : paNDitapravara ToDaramalajI grantha kA mukhya viSaya yaha grantha do bhAgoM meM vibhakta hai jIvakANDa : isa bhAga meM 434 gAthAe~ haiM / karmakANDa : isa bhAga meM 962 gAthAe~ haiM / gommaTasAra jIvakANDa gommaTasAra SaTkhaNDAgama kI paramparA kA grantha hai / yaha eka saMgraha grantha hai / usake prathama bhAga jIvakANDa kA saMkalana mukhya rUpa se paMcasaMgraha ke jIvasamAsa adhikAra tathA SaTkhaNDAgama ke prathama khaNDa jIvaTThANa ke satprarUpaNA aura dravya pramANAnugama adhikAroM kI dhavalA TIkA ke AdhAra para kiyA gayA hai| jIvasamAsa gommaTasAra :: 55

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aura jIvakANDa donoM viSaya eka hI haiN| maMgalAcaraNa : grantha ke maMgalAcaraNa meM AcArya ne tIna loka ke padArthoM ko jAnanevAle, indroM ke samUha, cakravartI tathA gaNadharoM ke dvArA vandanIya vardhamAna jinendra ko namaskAra kiyA hai| usake bAda caubIsa tIrthaMkaroM ko namaskAra kiyA hai / jIvakANDa kA mukhya viSaya guNasthAna aura mArgaNAsthAna hai| guNasthAna guNasthAna kA eka nAma jIvasamAsa bhI hai| jisameM jIva bhale prakAra rahate haiM, use jIvasamAsa kahate haiN| jIva guNoM meM rahate haiM, isalie unheM guNasthAna kahate haiM / paribhASA 1. mithyAtva se lekara ayoga kevalI paryanta jIva ke jo pariNAma vizeSa haiM, ve guNasthAna haiN| 2. moha aura mana-vacana-kAya kI pravRtti ke nimitta se utpanna jIva ke antaraMga pariNAmoM ko guNasthAna kahate haiM / 3. Atmika guNoM ke vikAsa kI kRtrima avasthAoM kA nAma guNasthAna hai| 1. guNasthAna adhikAra guNasthAna dhavalA yA siddhAnta-granthoM kI dena hai / siddhAnta-granthoM kI do zailiyA~ haiM- ogha (saMkSepa) aura Adeza (vistAra) / guNasthAna ke kathana ko ogha (saMkSepa) kahate haiM, mArgaNAoM ke kathana ko Adeza (vistAra) kahate haiM / guNasthAna 14 hote haiM 1. mithyAdRSTi 3. samyagmithyAdRSTi 5. saMyatAsaMyata 2. sAsAdana samyagdRSTi 4. asaMyata samyagdRSTi 6. pramattasaMyata 8. apUrvakaraNa 7. apramattasaMyata 9. anivRttikaraNa 11. upazAntamoha 13. sayogakevalI isa adhikAra meM pratyeka guNasthAna ke svarUpa kA varNana vistAra se kiyA hai| 56 :: pramukha jaina granthoM kA paricaya 10. sUkSmasAmparAya 11. kSINamoha 14. ayogakevalI

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2. jIvasamAsa adhikAra jIvasamAsa : jinake dvArA jIva saMgrahIta (ikaTThe) kie jAte haiM, ve jIvasamAsa haiM arthAt samasta saMsArI jIvoM ke saMgraha ko jAnanA jIvasamAsa hai| isa adhikAra meM jIvasamAsa kA lakSaNa, jIvasamAsa kI utpatti ke hetu, jIvasamAsa ke saMkSepa aura vistAra se bheda aura jIvasamAsa ke cAra adhikAra samajhAe haiN| sammUrchana jIva, samasta saMsArI jIva, nArakI jIva Adi ke janmabheda, yoni bheda zarIra evaM paryApti Adi kA varNana isa adhikAra meM hai| 3. paryApti adhikAra paryApti : zakti kI niSpatti (sthiti) ko paryApti kahate haiN| jaise-loka meM ghara, ghaTa, vastra Adi dravya kucha pUrNa hote haiM, kucha apUrNa hote haiM, vaise hI jo jIva apane-apane yogya paryAptiyoM (zaktiyoM) se pUrNa hote haiM, ve paryAptaka jIva kahalAte haiM aura jo jIva sarva paryAptiyoM se rahita hote haiM, ve aparyAptaka jIva mAne jAte haiN| __isa adhikAra meM chaha paryAptiyoM (AhAra, zarIra, indriya, zvAsocchavAsa, bhASA aura mana) ke bheda aura unake svAmiyoM kA varNana vistAra se kiyA hai| 4. prANa adhikAra jIva ke jo bhAva hote haiM, ve hI bhAvaprANa haiN| dravyaprANa zvAsa Adi haiN| dravyaprANa bAharI hote haiM aura bhAvaprANa Antarika hote haiN| prANa kA artha samajhAne ke bAda isa adhikAra meM prANa aura paryApti meM bheda batAyA hai| usake bAda prANoM ke bheda, unake svAmI aura ekendriya Adi jIvoM meM prANoM kI saMkhyA batAI haiN| 5. saMjJA adhikAra saMjJA arthAt vAMchA yA icchA karanA hai| AhAra, bhaya, maithuna aura parigraha-ina cAra kI icchA ko saMjJA kahate haiN| isa adhikAra meM ina cAroM icchAoM kI utpatti ke kAraNa batAe haiM aura unake svAmI kauna haiM, ye bhI batAyA hai| gommaTasAra :: 57

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mArgaNA kA svarUpa mArgaNA kA artha hai - khojnaa| jisameM yA jinake dvArA jIva khoje jAte haiM, unheM mArgaNA kahate haiN| paramAgama meM jIva jisa prakAra dekhe jAte haiM, khoje jAte haiM ve caudaha mArgaNAe~ haiM1. gati 3. kAya 5. veda - 2. indriya 4. yoga 6. kaSAya 7. jJAna 8. saMyama 9. darzana 10. zyA 11. bhavyatva 12. samyaktva 13. saMjJI 14. AhAra ina caudaha mArgaNAoM ke dvArA jIvoM ko khojA jAtA hai aura jAnA jAtA hai| 6. gati mArgaNA adhikAra gati nAma karma ke udaya se jIva kI jo ceSTA hotI hai, use gati kahate haiM athavA jisake nimitta se jIva caturgati meM jAte haiM, use gati kahate haiM / gatiyA~ cAra haiMnaraka gati, tiryaMca gati, manuSya gati, deva gati / 7. indriya mArgaNA adhikAra AtmA ke cihnavizeSa ko indriya kahate haiM / ve pA~ca haiM - sparzana, rasanA, ghrANa, cakSu aura shrotr| ye indriyA~ krama se eka-eka bar3hatI huI hotI haiM / isI se jIva ekendriya, do indriya, tIna indriya, cauindriya aura paMcendriya hote haiN| pRthvIkAyika, jalakAyika, agnikAyika, vAyukAyika aura vanaspati kAyika jIva ekendriya hote haiM, unheM hI sthAvara kahate haiM / tiryaMca ekendriya se lekara paMcendriya taka hote haiM / kintu nArakI manuSya aura deva paMcendriya hI hote haiM / paMcendriya manarahita aura manasahita bhI hote haiM, unheM krama se asaMjJI aura saMjJI kahate haiM / ekendriya se cauindriya taka saba jIva manarahita asaMjJI hote haiM / 8. kAya mArgaNA adhikAra kAya zarIra ko kahate haiM / kAya ke do bheda haiM- sthAvara aura trasa / 58 :: pramukha jaina granthoM kA paricaya

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sthAvara : ekendriya jIvoM ko sthAvara kahate haiM, unake pRthivI Adi pA~ca bheda haiN| trasa : doindriya se paMcendriya taka ke jIvoM ko trasa kahate haiN| 9. yoga mArgaNA adhikAra mana-vacana-kAya ke nimitta se honevAlI kriyA se AtmA meM jo vizeSa zakti utpanna hotI hai aura jo karmoM ke grahaNa meM kAraNa hai, use yoga kahate haiN| yoga ke tIna bheda haiM-manoyoga, vacanayoga aura krmyog| 10. veda mArgaNA adhikAra veda tIna haiM-strIveda, puruSaveda aura napuMsaka veda / mUla veda ke do bheda haiM-dravyaveda aura bhaavved| * dravyaveda : zarIra meM strI yA puruSa kA cihna hotA hai-liMga, yoni Adi vaha dravyaveda hai| dravyaveda to zarIra ke sAtha rahatA hai| * bhAvaveda : ramaNa kI bhAvanA kA nAma bhAvaveda hai| saba nArakI napuMsaka vedI hote haiM / ekendriya se lekara cauindriya paryanta saba tiryaMca bhI napuMsaka vedI hote haiN| asaMjJI paMcendriya se lekara saba tiryaMcoM meM tInoM veda hote haiN| manuSyoM meM bhI tInoM veda hote haiN| devoM meM strI-puruSa do hI veda hote haiN| 11. kaSAya mArgaNA adhikAra krodha, mAna, mAyA aura lobha ko kaSAya kahate haiN| pratyeka ke cAra-cAra bheda dRSTAnta dvArA jIvakANDa meM kahe haiN| 1. krodha ke cAra bheda haiM-patthara kI rekhA, pRthvI kI rekhA, dhUli kI rekhA aura jala kI rekhA ke smaan| arthAt jaise ye rekhAe~ hotI haiM, jo miTatI nahIM hai yA dera-sabera miTatI haiM, usI taraha krodha kaSAya hai| 2. mAna ke cAra bheda haiM-parvata ke samAna, haDDI ke samAna, kASTha ke samAna aura beMta ke smaan| vinamra na hone kA nAma mAna hai / parvata kabhI namatA nahIM hai aura beMta jhaTa nama jAtA hai| isI taraha mAna kaSAya ke cAra prakAra haiN| mAnI vyakti bhI namatA nahIM hai| 3. mAyA ke cAra prakAra haiM-bA~sa kI jar3a, mer3he ke sIMga, baila kA mUtanA aura khurapA ke smaan| jaise-inameM Ter3hApana kabhI adhika kabhI kama hotA hai; gommaTasAra :: 59

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vahI sthiti mAyA kI hai| mAyA bhI kabhI kama kabhI adhika hotI hai| 4. lobha ke cAra prakAra haiM-kRmirAga ke samAna, gAr3I ke cakke ke mala ke samAna, zarIra ke mala ke samAna aura haldI ke raMga ke smaan| jaise-jaise inakA raMga gAr3hA-halakA hotA hai, vaise hI lobha bhI ghaTatA-bar3hatA rahatA hai| ina cAroM kaSAyoM ke kAraNa hI manuSya cAroM gatiyoM meM bhaTakatA rahatA hai| 12. jJAna mArgaNA adhikAra jo jAnatA hai, use jJAna kahate haiM / jJAna ke ATha bheda haiM aura vaha jJAna do prakAra kA hai-pratyakSa aura prokss| parokSa ke do bheda haiM-matijJAna aura zrutajJAna / pratyakSa jJAna ke tIna bheda haiM-avadhijJAna, manaHparyayajJAna, kevljnyaan| prArambha ke tIna jJAna mithyA jJAna (kujJAna) bhI hote haiN| 1. mati-ajJAna : indriyoM se honevAle mithyAtva sahita jJAna ko matiajJAna kahate haiN| 2. zruta-ajJAna : mati-ajJAna ke sAtha honevAle vizeSa jJAna ko zrutaajJAna kahate haiN| 3. vibhaMgajJAna : mithyAtva sahita avadhijJAna ko vibhaMga jJAna kahate haiN| 4. matijJAna : indriyoM aura mana se jo padArtha kA grahaNa hotA hai, use matijJAna kahate haiN| 5. zrutajJAna : matijJAnapavUka jo vizeSa jJAna hotA hai, vaha zrutajJAna hai| jIvakANDa meM zrutajJAna ke bhedoM kA vistAra se kathana jJAnamArgaNAdhikAra meM hai| 6. avadhijJAna : mUrta padArthoM ko indriyAdi kI sahAyatA ke binA sAkSAt jAnanevAle jJAna ko avadhijJAna kahate haiN| 7. manaHparyayajJAna : mana meM sthita padArtha ko jo jAnatA hai, vaha manaHparyayajJAna hai| 8. kevalajJAna : trikAlavartI samasta padArthoM ko sAkSAt jAnanevAle jJAna ko kevalajJAna kahate haiN| 13. saMyama mArgaNA adhikAra vratoM ko dhAraNa karanA, samitiyoM kA pAlana karanA, kaSAyoM ko rokanA, daNDoM kA tyAga karanA aura indriyoM ko jItane kA nAma saMyama hai| 'saM' arthAt samyak rUpa se yama ko saMyama kahate haiM / saMyama ke sAta bheda haiM / yathA60 :: pramukha jaina granthoM kA paricaya

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1. sAmAyika saMyama : maiM sabhI prakAra ke sAvadyayoga kA tyAga karatA hU~isa prakAra sarvasAvadhayoga ke tyAga ko sAmAyika saMyama kahate haiN| 2. chedopasthApanA saMyama : vrata ko cheda karake arthAt do-tIna Adi bheda karake vratoM ke dhAraNa karane ko chedopasthApanA saMyama kahate haiN| 3. parihAravizuddhi saMyama : tIsa varSa taka icchAnusAra bhoga-bhogakara sAmAyika saMyama aura chedopasthApanA saMyama ko dhAraNa karake jisane tapa vizeSa ke dvArA Rddhi ko prApta kara liyA hai, aisA jIva parihAravizuddhi saMyama ko dhAraNa karatA hai| isa prakAra saMyama ko dhAraNa karake jo uThanA-baiThanA evaM bhojana karanA Adi saba kriyAoM meM prANiyoM kI hiMsA se dUra hotA hai, usake parihAra-vizuddhi saMyama hotA hai| 4. sUkSma sAmparAya saMyama : jisakI kaSAya sUkSma hotI hai, use sUkSmasAmparAya kahate haiN| sAmAyika aura chedopasthApanA saMyama ko dhAraNa karanevAle sAdhu jaba atyanta sUkSma kaSAyavAle ho jAte haiM, taba unake sUkSma sAmparAya saMyama hotA hai| 5. yathAkhyAta saMyama : sampUrNa kaSAyoM kA abhAva hone para yathAkhyAta saMyama hotA hai| 6. saMyatAsaMyata saMyama : jo saMyata (saMyamI) aura asaMyata (asaMyamI) donoM hote haiM, ve saMyatAsaMyata hote haiN| 7. asaMyata saMyama : saMyama se rahita jIva ko asaMyata saMyama kahate haiN| 14. darzana mArgaNA adhikAra jo dekhatA hai, jisake dvArA dekhA jAtA hai yA dekhanA mAtra darzana hai| isake cAra bheda haiM * cakSu darzana : cakSu ke dvArA padArthoM ke sAmAnya grahaNa ko cakSudarzana kahate * acakSu darzana : zeSa indriyoM aura mana se jo pratibhAsa hotA hai, use acakSu darzana kahate haiN| * avadhi darzana : paramANu se lekara antima skandha paryanta mUrta padArthoM ke pratyakSa AbhAsa ko avadhidarzana kahate haiN| * kevaladarzana : loka-aloka ko prakAzita karanevAlA kevaladarzana hai, jo kevalajJAna ke sAtha hotA hai| zeSa darzana jJAna ke pUrva hote haiN| gommaTasAra :: 61

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15. lezyA mArgaNA adhikAra kaSAyoM se lipta svabhAva ko lezyA kahate haiM / kaSAya ke udaya ke chaha prakAra haiMtIvratama, tIvratara, tIvra, manda, mandatara, mandatama; ataH lezyA bhI chaha ho jAtI haiMkRSNa lezyA, nIla lezyA, kApota lezyA, pIta lezyA, padma lezyA aura zukla leshyaa| inakI pahacAna isa prakAra kara sakate haiM * kRSNa lezyA : tIvra krodha kA honA, vaira ko na chor3anA, dharma aura dayA se rahita honA, manda honA, vivekahIna honA, pA~ca indriyoM ke viSayoM kA lampaTI honA aura mAnI aura mAyAvI honA kRSNa lezyAvAle ke lakSaNa haiN| * nIla lezyA : atinidrAlu honA, dUsaroM ko Thagane meM dakSa honA aura dhanadhAnya meM tIvra lAlasA kA honA, nIla lezyAvAle ke lakSaNa haiN| * kApota lezyA : dUsaroM para krodha karanA, nindA karanA, unheM dukha denA, una para doSa lagAnA, unakA vizvAsa nahIM karanA, apanI stuti sunakara santuSTa honA aura kArya-akArya ko na dekhanA kApota lezyAvAle ke lakSaNa haiN| * pIta lezyA : jo kArya-akArya ko jAnatA hai, samadarzI hai, dayA-dAna meM tatpara hai aura komala pariNAmI hai vaha pIta lezyAvAlA hai| * padma lezyA : tyAgI, bhadrapariNAmI, nirmala, kArya karane meM udyata honA aura gurujanoM kI pUjA meM rata honA padma lezyAvAle ke lakSaNa haiN| 6. zukla lezyA : pakSapAta nahIM karanA aura nidAna nahIM bA~dhanA, sabake sAtha samAna vyavahAra karanA, iSTa-aniSTa padArthoM meM rAga-dveSa nahIM karanA zukla lezyAvAle ke lakSaNa haiN| 16. bhavya mArgaNA adhikAra jinheM Age mukti prApta hogI, unheM bhavya kahate haiM / bhavyatva aura abhavyatva bhAva karma ke anusAra nahIM haiM, svAbhAvika haiN| 17. samyaktva mArgaNA adhikAra jinendradeva ke dvArA kahe gaye chaha dravyoM, pA~ca astikAyoM aura nau padArthoM ke zraddhAna karane ko samyaktva kahate haiN| unake tIna bheda haiM __*kSAyika samyaktva : darzanamohanIya ke sarvathA kSaya ho jAne para jo nirmala zraddhAna hotA hai, vaha kSAyika samyaktva hai| 62 :: pramukha jaina granthoM kA paricaya

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vedaka samyaktva : padArthoM kA jo cala, malina aura agAr3ha doSa se yukta zraddhAna hotA hai, vaha vedaka samyaktva hai / * upazama samyaktva : darzanamoha ke upazama se kIcar3a ke nIce baiTha jAne se nirmala jala ke samAna jo nirmala zraddhAna hotA hai, vaha upazama samyaktva hai / * 18. saMjJI mArgaNA adhikAra isake do bheda haiM- saMjJI aura asaMjJI | saMjJI : mana- sahita jIvoM ko saMjJI kahate haiM / asaMjJI : mana-rahita jIvoM ko asaMjJI kahate haiM / isa adhikAra meM Age ina donoM jIvoM kI saMkhyA batAI hai / * 19. AhAra mArgaNA adhikAra tIna zarIra aura chaha paryAptiyoM ke yogya pudgaloM ke grahaNa karane kA nAma AhAra hai / ekendriya se lekara sayogakevalI paryanta jIva AhAraka hote haiM / AhAraka aura anAhAraka kA kAla evaM saMkhyA bhI isa adhikAra meM batAI hai / 20. upayogAdhikAra AtmA ke caitanya pariNAma ko upayoga kahate haiM / vaha do prakAra kA haisAkAra upayoga : sAkAra upayoga ke 8 bheda haiM / * nirAkAra upayoga : nirAkAra upayoga ke 4 bheda haiM / inakA svarUpa saMkSipta rUpa se isa adhyAya meM varNita hai / * 21. oghAdeza adhikAra isa adhikAra meM batAyA hai ki caudaha mArgaNAoM meM kauna-kauna se guNasthAna hote haiM / arthAt jIva kI bhinna-bhinna sthiti meM kyA pariNAma (bhAva) rahate haiM / 22. AlApAdhikAra AlApa kA artha hai - kathana-paddhati yA kathana-zailI / - isa adhikAra meM AlApa ( kathana - zailI) ke tIna bheda batAe haiM1. sAmAnya 2. paryApta 3. aparyApta / usake bAda caudaha mArgaNAoM aura caudaha gommaTasAra :: 63

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guNasthAnoM meM AlApa ko samajhAyA hai| isa prakAra gommaTasAra jIvakANDa meM bAIsa adhikAroM meM sarala rUpa se 14 guNasthAnoM aura 14 mArgaNAoM kA vistRta varNana kiyA hai| ___ 2. gommaTasAra karmakANDa isa grantha kI prastAvanA meM karma kA Azaya, jaina darzana meM karma kA svarUpa, jIva aura karma kA sambandha, jIva aura karma kA nimitta-naimittika sambandha, karma kA kartA-bhoktA kauna hai, karma ke bheda aura karmazAstra hI adhyAtma zAstra hai, Adi aneka viSayoM para carcA kI gaI hai| karma ke prakAra karma do prakAra ke hote haiM-dravyakarma aura bhaavkrm| 1. jaina dharma meM kevala jIva ke dvArA kiye gaye acche-bure karmoM kA hI nAma karma nahIM hai, kintu jIva ke karmoM ke nimitta se AkRSTa hokara jo pudgala paramANu anya dUsare jIva se bandha ko prApta hote haiM ve bhI karma kahe jAte haiN| inheM dravyakarma kahate haiN| 2. kisI karma ke nimitta se jIva ko jo kAma, krodha, mAna, mAyA aura lobha Adi bhAva hote haiM, ve bhI karma kahe jAte haiN| inheM bhAvakarma kahate haiN| karma kA Azaya hama pratidina dekhate haiM ki jo jIvita haiM, eka kSaNa meM hI ve maraNa ko prApta ho jAte haiM aura unakA sthAna naye prANI le lete haiN| jIvana aura maraNa kI yaha prakriyA anAdi se calI A rahI hai| sAtha hI dekhane meM AtA hai ki saMsAra meM kitanI viSamatA hai| koI amIra hai, koI garIba hai| koI rogI hai, koI kurUpa hai| koI dukhI hai, koI sukhI hai| koI buddhimAna hai, koI mUrkha hai| eka hI mA~ ke baccoM meM bhI yaha bhinnatA pAI jAtI hai| isakA kyA kAraNa hai ? yahI karmavAda hai| jainadarzana karma ke siddhAnta para bahuta bala detA hai aura usake astitva, bheda, avasthAe~, bandha, mukti evaM usake kAraNa Adi sabhI pakSoM para vistAra se prakAza DAlatA hai| 64 :: pramukha jaina granthoM kA paricaya

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1. prakRti samutkIrtana adhikAra : (prakRtiyoM ke svarUpa kA nirUpaNa) prakRti samutkIrtana kA artha hai -karma prakRtiyoM kA kthn| __ isake do bheda haiM-mUla prakRti samutkIrtana aura uttara prakRti smutkiirtn| arthAt mUla prakRtiyoM ke svabhAva kA nirUpaNa (varNana) aura uttara prakRtiyoM ke svabhAva kA niruupnn| prakRti samutkIrtana ko jAne binA sthAna-samutkIrtana Adi ko nahIM jAnA jA sktaa| prakRti kA artha hai-svabhAva, karma kA svbhaav| __ isa karmakANDa meM karmoM aura unakI vividha avasthAoM kA kathana kiyA hai| isameM jIva aura karmoM ke anAdi sambandha kA varNana kara karmoM ke ATha bhedoM ke nAma, unake kArya, unakA krama aura unakI uttara prakRtiyoM meM se kucha vizeSa prakRtiyoM kA svarUpa 86 gAthAoM meM kiyA hai| jJAnAvaraNa, darzanAvaraNa, vedanIya, mohanIya, Ayu, nAma, gotra aura antarAyaye ATha mUla prakRtiyA~ haiN| inakI uttara prakRtiyA~ 148 haiN| ina prakRtiyoM kA vistAra se varNana isa adhikAra meM kiyA hai| 2. bandhodayasattva adhikAra isa adhikAra meM karmoM ke bandha, udaya aura sattva (sattA) kA guNasthAna evaM mArgaNAoM ke anusAra varNana hai| bandha (karmoM kA bA~dhanA), udaya (karmoM kA udaya meM AnA), sattva (jaba karma na udaya meM Ate haiM, na hI naSTa hote haiM, taba sattva hotA hai arthAt jaise dhUla miTTI par3I rahatI hai, usI taraha karmoM kA par3e rahanA sattva hai| 3. sattvasthAna bhaMga adhikAra bhaMga kA artha hai-prakatiyoM kA privrtn| isa adhikAra meM bhaMga ke sAtha sattva kA kathana kiyA hai| eka samaya meM eka jIva ke saMkhyAbheda ko liye hue jo prakRtisamUha kA sattva pAyA jAtA hai use sthAna kahate haiM aura samAna saMkhyAvAlI prakRtiyoM meM jo prakRtiyoM kA parivartana hotA hai use bhaMga kahate haiN| devagati meM aura narakagati meM manuSya aura tiryaMca do hI Ayu kA bandha hotA hai| kintu samyagdRSTi manuSya aura tiryaMca, deva Ayu kA hI bandha karate haiM tathA samyagdRSTi deva aura nArakI, manuSyAyu kA hI bandha karate haiN| gommaTasAra :: 65

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4. tricUlikA adhikAra isa adhikAra meM tIna cUlikAe~ haiM 1. navapraznacUlikA : isa cUlikA meM nau praznoM kA samAdhAna kiyA gayA hai| 2. paMcabhAgahAracUlikA : pA~ca bhAgahAra kA varNana isa cUlikA meM hai| ina bhAgahAroM ke dvArA zubhAzubha karma jIva ke pariNAmoM kA nimitta pAkara anya parivartana karate haiN| jaise-karma zubha haiM aura jIva ke pariNAma azubha haiM to azubha pariNAma ho jAtA hai aura zubha pariNAmoM ke nimitta se pUrva ke ba~dhe hue asAtAvedanIya karma (kaSTa denevAle karma) sAtAvedanIya (sukha denevAle karma) karma ke rUpa meM parivartita ho jAte haiN| 3. dazakaraNa cUlikA : isa cUlikA meM daza karaNoM kA kathana kiyA hai| karaNa kriyA kA nAma hai| karmoM meM ye daza kriyAe~ hotI haiN| ina karaNoM kA varNana isa adhikAra meM kiyA hai| 5. bandhodayasattvayukta sthAna-samutkIrtana adhikAra eka jIva ke eka hI samaya meM jitanI prakRtiyoM kA bandha, udaya, sattva sambhava hai unake samUha kA nAma sthAna hai| isa adhikAra meM pahale AThoM mUlakarmoM ko lekara aura phira pratyeka karma kI uttara prakRtiyoM ko lekara bandha-sthAnoM, udaya-sthAnoM aura sattva-sthAnoM kA kathana hai| yaha adhikAra guNasthAna krama se vicAra karane ke kAraNa adhika vistRta adhikAra hai| 6. pratyaya adhikAra isa adhikAra meM karmabandha ke kAraNoM kA kathana hai| mUla kAraNa cAra haiMmithyAtva, avirati, kaSAya aura yog| ina cAra kAraNoM ke 57 (sattAvana) bheda haiN| mithyAtva ke 5 bheda, avirati ke 12 bheda, kaSAya ke 25 bheda, yoga ke 15 bheda kula 57 bheda haiN| guNasthAnoM meM inhIM mUla aura uttara pratyayoM kA kathana isa adhikAra meM kiyA gayA hai| kisa guNasthAna meM bandha ke kitane pratyaya hote haiM, yaha bhI batAyA hai| 7. bhAvacUlikA adhikAra isa adhikAra meM aupazamika, kSAyika, mizra, audayika aura pariNAmika-ina 66 :: pramukha jaina granthoM kA paricaya

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pA~ca bhAvoM kA varNana hai tathA inake bhedoM kA varNana karate hue unake svasaMyogI (apane Apa milanA) aura parasaMyogI (dUsaroM dvArA milAnA) bhaMgoM kA guNasthAnoM meM varNana kiyA hai| isake pazcAt isa adhikAra meM 363 mithyAvAdiyoM ke matoM kA bhI nirdeza kiyA hai / 8. trikaraNacUlikA adhikAra isa adhikAra meM adhaH karaNa, apUrvakaraNa, aura anivRttikaraNa - ina tIna karaNoM kA svarUpa kahA gayA hai / SaTkhaNDAgama ke jIvakANDa ke prArambha meM bhI ina tInoM kA svarUpa guNasthAnoM ke prasaMga se kahA hai / ina tInoM kA svarUpa batalAnevAlI gAthAe~ bhI jIvakANDa kI hI haiM / kintu yahA~ granthakAra ne apane tarIke se ina karaNoM ko samajhAyA hai / 9. karmasthiti bandha adhikAra karma kI kyA sthiti hotI hai, isakI racanA kaise hotI hai, yaha samajhAte hue granthakAra kahate haiM ki hama pratidina pratisamaya jo karma karate haiM, ve ba~dhate samaya ATha karmoM meM vibhAjita ho jAte haiM aura udayakAla Ane para kramazaH nirjIrNa hokara khirane lagate haiM / karmaniSekoM kI racanA usakI sthiti ke anusAra AbAdhAkAla ko chor3akara ho jAtI hai| AbAdhAkAla kA artha hai- ba~dhane ke pazcAt karma tatkAla phala nahIM detaa| kucha samaya bAda phala detA hai usa samaya ko AbAdha kAla kahate haiM / yaha AbAdhA kAla karma kI sthiti ke anusAra hotA hai / jaise - eka koTA - koTi sAgara kI sthiti meM eka sau varSa AbAdhA kAla hotA hai| sarala rUpa meM dekheM toyadi kisI karma kI sthiti eka koTA - koTi sAgara ba~dhI ho to vaha karma sau varSa ke bAda apanA phala denA prArambha karatA hai aura sau varSa kama eka koTA - koTi sAgara kAla taka vaha apanA phala detA rahatA hai / 1 - isa adhikAra meM karmasthiti aura bandha kA vistArapUrvaka varNana kiyA hai| adhikAra ke anta meM granthakAra ne kevala cAmuNDarAya ke kriyA-kalApoM kA hI varNana kiyA hai, kyoMki yaha grantha unake lie hI likhA gayA thA / granthakAra ne apane sambandha meM kucha nahIM likhA hai / vAstava meM yaha grantha karmasiddhAnta kA siramaura jaisA hai| isameM pUrvaracita karmasiddhAnta viSayaka granthoM kA sAra AyA hai| isake svAdhyAya dvArA karma sAhitya kA jJAna samyak prakAra se prApta kiyA jA sakatA hai| gommaTasAra :: 67

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dhavalA, mahAdhavalA aura jayadhavalA bhagavAna mahAvIra kI sAkSAt vANI samajhe jAnevAle pramukha do grantha haiN| bhagavAna mahAvIra ke nirvANa ke pazcAt jaba zruta jJAna kA hrAsa hone lagA thA; taba use lipibaddha karane kA prayAsa prArambha huA / taba sarvaprathama digambara jaina - zrutaparamparA meM do ziromaNi Agama-grantha likhe gaye 1. SaTkhaNDAgama : (puSpadanta aura bhUtabali AcArya kRta) 2. kaSAyapAhuDa : (AcArya guNadhara kRta) ina donoM granthoM para vikrama kI nauvIM zatAbdI meM AcArya vIrasena svAmI ne vizAla evaM gUr3ha gambhIra TIkAe~ likhI haiM, unhIM ke nAma dhavalA, mahAdhavalA aura jayadhavalA haiN| inakA pRthak-pRthak vivaraNa isa prakAra hai 1. dhavalA kA paricaya yaha SaTkhaNDAgama ke prArambha ke pA~ca khaNDoM para likhI gayI TIkA hai / yaha 72 hajAra zloka - pramANa TIkA hai| 2. mahAdhavalA kA paricaya SaTkhaNDAgama ke antima chaThe khaNDa kA nAma mahAbandha hai / yaha 30 hajAra zlokapramANa hai| ise dhavalA, jayadhavalA ke anukaraNa para mahAdhavalA ke nAma se jAnA jAtA hai| 3. jayadhavalA yaha 'kasAyapAhuDa' para likhI gayI 60 hajAra zlokapramANa TIkA hai| isameM AcArya vIrasena svAmI lagabhaga 20 hajAra zloka - pramANa TIkA hI likha pAe the, 68 :: pramukha jaina granthoM kA paricaya

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zeSa lagabhaga 40 hajAra zlokapramANa TIkA unake ziSya AcArya jinasena svAmI ne likhI hai| dhavalA, mahAdhavalA aura jayadhavalA-ye tInoM grantha bahuta kaThina siddhAnta grantha mAne jAte haiN| sAdhAraNa vyakti ko inheM samajhanA kaThina hai| inheM vahI ThIka se samajha sakatA hai jisameM ucita jJAna-vairAgya ho| hama yahA~ saMkSepa meM ina tInoM granthoM kA paricaya likha rahe haiM, kyoMki ye jaina sAhitya kI anamola dharohara haiN| kaSAyapAhuDa (jayadhavalA) grantha ke nAma kA artha isa grantha ke do nAma haiM-1. kaSAyapAhuDa, 2. pejjadosapAhuDa pAhuDa zabda ke tIna artha hote haiM : pahalA hai, adhikAra, dUsarA hai, upahAra denA aura tIsarA hai jo paramparA se calA A rahA hai| yahA~ kasAyapAhuDa kA artha kaSAyoM ko jItane kA adhikAra' bhI kara sakate haiN| yA kaSAyoM ko jItane kA jo jJAna paramparA se calA A rahA hai use bhI pAhuDa kaha sakate haiN| isI prakAra 'pejjadosapAhuDa' kA artha hai-'pejja' zabda kA artha rAga hai, dosa arthAt dvess| arthAt yaha grantha rAga aura dveSa kA nirUpaNa karatA hai| sarala bhASA meM hama kaha sakate haiM ki yaha rAga aura dveSa ko jItanevAlA grantha hai| jayadhavalA : kaSAyapAhuDa kI TIkA 'jayadhavalA' hai| isakA nAma jayadhavalA isalie rakhA gayA, kyoMki yaha grantha kaSAyoM para vijaya prApta karane kI vidhi sikhAtA hai| kaSAyoM ko jItakara AtmA zuddha evaM dhavala bana jAtI hai, ata: isakA nAma jayadhavalA hai| jayadhavalA kA prakAzana : jayadhavalA kA prakAzana bhAratIya digambara jaina saMgha, caurAsI mathurA se huA hai| san 1942 se 1988 ke bIca solaha bhAgoM meM isakA prakAzana huA hai| paMDita phUlacandrajI zAstrI, paMDita kailAzacandrajI zAstrI, paMDita mahendrakumArajI nyAyAcArya jaise uccakoTi ke vidvAnoM ne isa grantha kA sampAdana kiyA hai| granthakAroM kA paricaya AcArya guNadhara svAmI : kasAyapAhuDa kI racanA AcArya guNadhara svAmI ne kI hai| AcArya guNadhara svAmI kA samaya vikrama pUrva prathama zatAbdI mAnA jAtA hai| ve dhavalA, mahAdhavalA aura jayadhavalA :: 69

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siddhAnta granthoM ke vizeSa jJAtA the aura apane usI jJAna ke AdhAra para unhoMne 'kasAyapAhuDa' nAmaka grantha kI racanA kI thii| jayadhavalA ke kartA do AcArya haiM- . 1. AcArya vIrasena svAmI 2. AcArya jinasena svAmI AcArya vIrasena svAmI kA jayadhavalA ke lagabhaga bIsa hajAra (20,000) zloka-pramANa likhane ke bAda samAdhimaraNa ho gayA thA, ataH jayadhavalA ko unake suyogya ziSya AcArya jinasena svAmI ne pUrA kiyA thaa| jayadhavalA kA kula parimANa 60,000 zloka pramANa hai| isameM se lagabhaga 20,000 zlokapramANa TIkA AcArya vIrasena svAmI ne likhI hai aura zeSa lagabhaga 40,000 zlokapramANa TIkA AcArya jinasena svAmI ne likhI hai| 1. AcArya vIrasena svAmI : AcArya vIrasena svAmI vikrama kI nauvIM zatAbdI meM hue apane samaya ke eka adbhuta vidvAna AcArya the| Apako 'prathama siddhAntacakravartI' ke nAma se jAnA jAtA thaa| unake Agama-viSayaka jJAna aura buddhi cAturI ko dekhakara vidvAna unheM zrutakevalI aura vidvAnoM meM zreSTha kahate the| 2. AcArya jinasena svAmI : AcArya jinasena svAmI AcArya vIrasena svAmI ke antevAsI parama ziSya the| jaina-sAhitya meM jinasena nAma ke aneka AcArya ho cuke haiM, ataH inako 'AcArya jinasena dvitIya' ke nAma se pahacAnA jAtA hai| AcArya jinasena svAmI vikrama kI nauvIM zatAbdI meM hue haiN| AcArya jinasena svAmI akhaNDa brahmacArI, paripUrNa saMyamI aura anupama vidvAna the| ye pratibhA aura kalpanA ke advitIya dhanI haiN| yahI kAraNa hai ki inheM 'bhagavat jinasenAcArya' kahA jAtA hai| grantha kA mahattva 1. kaSAyapAhuDa eka atyadhika prAcIna aura lokapriya grantha hai| 2. sAkSAta tIrthaMkara mahAvIra kI vANI ke samAna pUjya prAmANika aura Agamagrantha . mAnA jAtA hai| isIlie isake racanAkAla se hI isakA paThana-pAThana atyadhika pracalita thaa| 3. 'kasAyapAhuDa' kI racanA-zailI bar3I hI sAragarbhita hai| isameM solaha hajAra __ zlokapramANa 'pejjadosapAhuDa' ko kevala 233 gAthAoM meM sameTa liyA hai| 4. yaha AcArya guNadhara svAmI kI anupama racanA hai| 70 :: pramukha jaina granthoM kA paricaya

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5. 'kasAyapAhuDa' kI aneka gAthAe~ to itanI gUr3ha haiM ki yadi AcArya yativRSabha ne una para cUrNisUtra na likhe hote to una gAthA-sUtroM kA artha zAyada koI bhI nahIM samajha paataa| 6. yaha grantha karaNAnuyoga kA vizeSa grantha hai| 7. isameM karmasiddhAnta kA vizeSa varNana hai| 8. vAstava meM yaha grantha sarvazreSTha hai| Agama aura tIrthaMkara kI vANI samajhA jAnevAlA yaha grantha apanA vizeSa mahattvapUrNa sthAna rakhatA hai| 9. yaha grantha jJAna-vijJAna kA grantha hai| manovijJAna kI dRSTi se bhI yaha mahAna grantha hai| 10. isa grantha para aneka TIkAe~, vRttiyA~ tathA cUrNisUtra likhe gaye haiN| udAharaNa * yativRSabha svAmI kRta cUrNisUtra * uccAraNAcArya kRta uccAraNAsUtra * zAmakuNDAcArya kRta paddhati * tumbalUrAcArya kRta cUr3AmaNi * bappadeva guru kRta vyAkhyAprajJapti ina sabhI ke atirikta AcArya vIrasena evaM AcArya jinasena svAmI kI 'jayadhavalA' TIkA pramukha hai| grantha kA mukhya viSaya jayadhavalA 60,000 zloka pramANa TIkA hai| eka zloka meM 32 akSara hote haiN| isa taraha 60,000 x 32 = 19,20,000 zabdoM meM yaha vizAlakAya TIkA hai| jaba gujarAta meM rAjA amoghavarSa kA zAsanakAla thA, usa samaya phAlguna zukla dazamI zaka saM. 759 ASTAhnika mahAparva meM kasAyapAhuDa grantha ko pUrA kiyA gayA thaa| jayadhavalA kA racanAkAla isakI prazasti meM diyA gayA hai ki gujarAta ke bar3audA gA~va meM candraprabhu bhagavAna ke mandira meM yaha grantha likhA gayA thaa| isa grantha kI bhASA prAkRta evaM saMskRta donoM milI-julI bhASAe~ haiN| ise inhoMne maNipravAla zailI kahA hai| pratyeka adhikAra meM grantha kI viSaya-vastu ko usI prakAra kramika DhaMga se Age bar3hAyA hai, jisa prakAra anAdikAlIna mithyAdRSTi jIva zanaiH-zanaiH Age bar3hatA huA mokSa prApti karatA hai| grantha kI viSaya-vastu isa prakAra hai maMgalAcaraNa : grantha meM sabase pahale 8 gAthAoM meM maMgalAcaraNa kiyA gayA dhavalA, mahAdhavalA aura jayadhavalA :: 71

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hai| maMgalAcaraNa meM candraprabha bhagavAna ko praNAma kiyA hai| kahA hai ki he candraprabhu bhagavAna, Apa candramA ke samAna dhavala zarIra ke dhArI ho aura antasa se bhI Apa kevalajJAnazarIrI ho| Apa samasta karmakalaMka se rahita dhavala zuddha AtmA bana gaye, isalie maiM bhaktipUrvaka maiM Apako namaskAra karatA huuN| yahA~ dhavala zabda kA artha candraprabha bhagavAna ke zuddha dhavala svarUpa se nikAlA hai| isake bAda dUsare zloka meM caubIsa tIrthaMkaroM ko namaskAra kiyA hai| tIsare zloka meM mahAvIra bhagavAna ko namaskAra kiyA gayA hai| cauthe zloka meM mA~ zrutadevI ko namaskAra kiyA gayA hai| pA~caveM zloka meM gaNadhara deva rUpa samudra ko namaskAra kiyA gayA hai| chaThe zloka meM vIrasena AcArya ko namaskAra kiyA gayA hai| sAtaveM zloka meM AcArya nAgahastI aura AryamakSu ko namaskAra kiyA gayA hai| aura phira AThaveM zloka meM AcArya yativRSabha ko namaskAra kiyA gayA hai| maMgalAcaraNa ke bAda pUrA grantha tIna bhAgoM meM bA~TA gayA hai-1. moha, 2. rAga 3. dvess| jayadhavalA grantha meM moha kA varNana kiyA hai, kyoMki moha hI eka aisI cIja hai jo AtmA ko malina karatA hai| yadi moha ko koI jIta letA hai to usakI AtmA dhavala bana jAtA hai| yahI isakA mUla sandeza hai| yaha moha hI hai, jisane hamArI AtmA ko kAlA kara rakhA hai| itanA vizAlakAya grantha eka hI bAta samajhane ke lie likhA gayA hai ki moha kA tyAga kro| moha vAstava meM AtmA ko malina karatA hai, kAlA karatA hai| moha ko yadi chor3a diyA jAe to AtmA sApha ho jAtA hai| jisa taraha koI kapar3A gandA ho jAe phira dho diyA jAe to vaha sApha ho jAtA hai| ThIka isI taraha hamArI AtmA moharUpI maila se kAlI ho rahI hai| aura use zuddha karanA ho to hameM isa moha ko jItanA cAhie, naSTa karanA caahie| taba AtmA dhavala banegI, ujjvala bnegii| isa grantha meM yahI bAta vistAra se samajhA rahe sarvaprathama hama logoM ko samajhanA cAhie ki moha kA artha kyA hai| moha yAnI mA~ ko putra se jo moha hotA hai vaha moha nahIM hai| dhana, daulata evaM zarIra kA rAga hI moha nahIM hai| apitu yahA~ para 'moha' zabda meM AtmA ke sAre vikAroM ko liyA hai| moha do taraha kA hai-eka darzanamoha, dUsarA caaritrmoh| hamArI AtmA meM ananta guNa haiN| lekina unameM sabase jyAdA doSa do hI guNoM 72 :: pramukha jaina granthoM kA paricaya

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kA hai| zraddhA ke doSa ko darzanamoha kahate haiM aura cAritra ke doSa ko cAritramoha kahate haiN| cAritramoha aneka prakAra kA hai| unameM mukhya haiM-krodha, mAna, mAyA, lobha, hAsya, rati, arati, zoka, bhaya, jugupsA, strIveda, puruSaveda aura npuNskved| ye mukhya rUpa se cAritramoha ke bheda haiN| cAritramoha do taraha kA hai-eka hai rAga, dUsarA hai dvess| cAritramoha yA rAga-dveSa kA artha hai-kisI ko iSTa yA aniSTa, acchA yA burA, priya yA apriya smjhnaa| duniyA meM vAstava meM kucha bhI acchA yA burA nahIM hai| iSTa yA aniSTa nahIM hai| priya yA apriya nahIM hai| lekina yaha jIva cAritramoha ke kAraNa padArthoM ko acchA-burA samajhatA rahatA hai| rAga-dveSa karatA rahatA hai| cAritra meM moha karanA chor3a de to isakI AtmA zuddha ho jAe, dhavala ho jaae| rAga aura dveSa meM bhI mukhya cAra kaSAya AtI haiM-krodha, mAna, mAyA aura lobh| krodha aura mAna ye donoM dveSa haiM aura mAyA aura lobha ye donoM rAga haiN| pahale dveSa jAtA hai, phira rAga jAtA hai| kisI cIja se napharata karanA, use burA samajhanA, apriya samajhanA, ye dveSa hai| kisI ko acchA samajhanA, priya samajhanA ye rAga hai| ina rAga-dveSa ko yadi hama jIta sake, to hama cAritramoha ko bhI jIta sakate haiN| moha eka prakAra kA nazA hai| moha ko AcAryoM ne madirA kI upamA dI hai| jaise-koI vyakti zarAba pI letA hai, to vaha svayaM ko bhUla jAtA hai ki maiM kauna hU~ aura phira dUsare ko bhI nahIM jAna pAtA hai| yaha hai drshnmoh| isa prakAra se moha do taraha kA hai| eka moha zraddhA sambandhI hai| dUsarA moha cAritra sambandhI hai| isa grantha meM isa moha ko dUra karane kI vistArapUrvaka zikSA dI gayI hai| vistAra se samajhAyA hai ki moha hotA kyA hai, isake udaya se kyA-kyA hotA hai| krodha kyA hai, mAna kyA hai, inakA bahuta vistAra se varNana hai| yadi koI isa grantha ko par3he, to vaha Azcaryacakita ho jAegA ki abhI taka vijJAna bhI itanI sUkSmatA se mana ke vikAroM ko nahIM samajha pAyA hai, jaisA isa grantha meM samajhAyA hai| isameM mana ke andara taka pahu~cakara gaharAI se kahA~-kahA~ moha baiThA rahatA hai, batAyA hai| kaI bAra jIva muni bana jAtA hai, phira bhI usakA moha chUTatA nahIM hai| usakA moha kAma karatA rahatA hai, yaha saba bAteM bahuta vistAra se samajhAI haiN| isalie yaha grantha bahuta hI jarUrI aura prayojanabhUta hai| isako samajhane ke bAda jIva kA moha naSTa ho jAtA hai| jo jIva isa grantha kA svAdhyAya acche se dhavalA, mahAdhavalA aura jayadhavalA :: 73

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kara lete haiM, ve moha ko acchI taraha pahacAna jAte haiN| aura moha ko jAnane ke bAda moha unake jIvana se naSTa ho jAtA hai| isa grantha meM kula 15 adhikAra haiM1. pejjadosa-vibhakti adhikAra isa adhikAra meM yaha samajhAyA hai ki moha do taraha kA hai-rAga aura dvess| phira samajhAyA hai ki inake kitane prabheda haiN| 2. sthiti-vibhakti adhikAra dUsare adhyAya meM yaha saba (rAga aura dveSa) kitanI dera taka AtmA meM rahate haiM, kaise kAma karate haiM-isakA varNana hai| 3. anubhAga-vibhakti adhikAra tIsare adhikAra meM batAyA hai ki jaba hama ina kaSAyoM ko karate haiM to kaise karma ba~dhate haiM, kitanI dera karma ba~dhate haiM, unameM phala dene kI kaisI zakti hotI hai, vaha kaise phala dete haiN| 4. sthiti-vibhakti adhikAra cauthe adhikAra meM samajhAyA gayA hai ki moha aura kaSAya karane se hama kina karmoM ko bA~dhate haiN| kyA ve karma sthira ho jAte haiM yA unameM kamI yA bar3hotarI bhI ho sakatI hai? 5. bandhaka adhikAra pA~caveM adhikAra meM phira inake bandhana kI prakriyA aura inake parivartana kI prakriyA ko samajhAyA gayA hai| 6. vedaka adhikAra chaThe adhikAra meM yaha karma udaya meM kaise Ate haiN| udaya Ae binA kabhI-kabhI khira kaise jAte haiM, Ane ke bAda vApasa kaise jAte haiM-yaha samajhAyA gayA hai| 74 :: pramukha jaina granthoM kA paricaya

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7. upayoga adhikAra sAtaveM adhikAra meM yaha samajhAyA gayA hai ki hamAre andara jo moha hai, jo kaSAyeM haiM, unakA aura jJAna kA Apasa meM kyA tAlamela rahatA hai / yaha bAta acchI taraha spaSTa kI gayI hai| 8. catuHsthAna adhikAra AThaveM adhikAra meM ina cAroM kaSAyoM ko cAra-cAra sthAnoM meM bA~TA gayA hai| unako halake aura mande sthAnoM meM bA~TA gayA hai| batAyA hai ki krodha cAra prakAra kA hotA hai / eka krodha aisA hotA hai ki jo pAnI kI rekhA ke samAna hotA hai, turanta khatma ho jAtA hai| dUsarA bAlU kI reta ke samAna hotA hai, havA cale to khatma ho jaae| tIsarA kaThora pRthvI kI rekhA ke samAna hai| cauthA lohe kI rekhA ke samAna sthira hai, jo kabhI nahIM miTatA / isa taraha se bahuta acche se cAroM kaSAyoM ko samajhAyA gayA hai| bahuta hI rocaka aura sarala prakaraNa hai / 9. vyaMjana adhikAra nauveM adhikAra meM kaSAyoM ke bahuta sAre paryAyavAcI hote haiM, bahuta sAre rUpa hote haiM, rUpoM ko vistAra se samajhAyA hai / kaSAyoM ko AsAnI se samajhanA ho to isa grantha kA yaha adhikAra bahuta hI upayogI hai| 10. darzanamohopazamanAdhikAra dasaveM adhikAra meM darzanamoha kA doSa kaise dUra hotA hai, dabatA hai, upazama hotA hai / isa kriyA ko samajhAyA gayA hai| 11. darzanamohakSapaNAdhikAra gyArahaveM adhikAra meM usI zraddhA sambandhI karma ke naSTa hone kI vidhi samajhAI gayI hai| 12. dezavirata adhikAra bArahaveM adhikAra meM yaha samajhAyA gayA hai ki jaba hamArA zraddhA sambandhI doSa calA jAtA hai, taba kaise hamArA jIvana Upara-Upara uThane lagatA hai| hamAre jIvana meM kaise dhavalA, mahAdhavalA aura jayadhavalA :: 75

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dhIre-dhIre vrata AnA zurU ho jAte haiM aura hama kaise pA~caveM guNasthAna vAle acche zrAvaka bana jAte haiN| 13. saMyamalabdhi adhikAra terahaveM adhikAra meM samajhAyA gayA hai ki yaha jIva pA~caveM guNasthAna se dhIre-dhIre adhika Upara uThatA hai aura muni bana jAtA hai| 1 14. cAritramohopazamanAdhikAra caudahaveM adhikAra meM samajhAyA hai ki phira yaha aura Upara uThatA hai| dhyAna karatA hai| dhyAna meM magna hone lagatA hai| bAra-bAra Upara uThatA hai| nIce giratA hai| bArabAra dhyAna karatA hai| dhyAna bhaMga hotA hai / phira dhyAna karatA hai / isa sAre utthAnapatana kA varNana isa adhikAra meM hai / vaha dhyAna meM bAra-bAra uThatA bhI hai aura bArabAra giratA bhI hai| 15. cAritramohakSapaNAdhikAra pandrahaveM adhikAra meM isa bAta kA varNana hai ki kaise hamArA sArA moha kSaya ho gayA, kaise vaha naSTa ho gyaa| kaise AtmA pUrNa vItarAgI sarvajJa bana gayA / pUrNa zuddha bana gyaa| siddha bana gyaa| mukta avasthA meM pahu~ca gayA / yaha bAta isa adhikAra meM batAI hai| isa taraha ina pandraha adhikAroM meM batAyA hai ki moha kaise AtmA meM thA, kaise dhIredhIre naSTa honA zurU huA, kaise dhIre-dhIre naSTa huA, kaise dhIre-dhIre sApha honA zurU huA aura kaise yaha AtmA pUrI taraha dhavala hokara, zuddha hokara mukta bana gyaa| bahuta hI vyavasthita evaM kramabaddha varNana isa grantha meM kiyA gayA hai| yaha grantha bahuta hI mahattvapUrNa hai / hamArA bhAgya hai ki hamako yaha mahAna grantha milA hai| prAcIna kAla meM yaha grantha milatA hI nahIM thA / pANDulipi ke rUpa meM chupA huA thaa| lekina abhI vidvAnoM kI mehanata se yaha grantha prakAzita huA hai| isa grantha kA svAdhyAya karake hamako apane moha para vijaya prApta karane kA puruSArtha karanA caahie| yahI isa grantha kA mUla sandeza hai| 76 :: pramukha jaina granthoM kA paricaya

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SaTkhaNDAgama grantha ke nAma kA artha chakkhaNDAgama yA SaTkhaDAgama grantha chaha khaMDoM meM vibhakta hai, ataH isakA nAma SaTkhaNDAgama hai / yaha grantha Agama ke granthoM meM vizeSa mahattvapUrNa evaM adbhuta grantha hai / SaTkhaNDAgama kA prakAzana SaTkhaNDAgama kA prakAzana 16 bhAgoM meM bhAratIya digambara jaina saMgha, caurAsI mathurA se huA hai| granthakAroM kA paricaya I 1. AcArya dharasena : AcArya dharasena siddhAntazAstra ke jJAtA the / AcArya dharasena kA samaya I. san kI prathama zatAbdI hai / unhoMne dakSiNApatha ke AcAryoM ko patra likhakara icchA vyakta kI thI ki do yogya ziSya unake pAsa bheja deM, kyoMki aba zruta ko lipibaddha karanA Avazyaka hai / usake bAda AcArya dharasena ne muni puSpadanta aura bhUtabali ina do ziSyoM kI parIkSA lekara unheM siddhAnta kI zikSA dI thii| AcArya ne apanI mRtyu nikaTa jAnakara pUrNa zikSA ho jAne para ziSyoM ko zruta ke saMrakSaNa ke lie vApasa bheja diyA thaa| puSpadanta bhUtabali AcArya ne SaTkhaNDAgama kI racanA kara use grantharUpa meM nibaddha kiyA aura jyeSTha zuklA paMcamI ko usakI pUjA kI aura isI kAraNa yaha paMcamI zrutapaMcamI ke nAma se vikhyAta huI / tatpazcAt bhUtabali AcArya ne usa SaTkhaNDAgama grantha ko jinapAlita ke sAtha puSpadanta guru ke pAsa bhejaa| SaTkhaNDAgama grantha ko dekhakara puSpadanta guru ne bhI zrutabhakti ke anurAga se pulakita hokara SaTkhaNDAgama :: 77

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zruta - paMcamI ke dina isa grantha kI pUjA kii| usa dina se Aja taka zrutapaMcamI parva ko manAne kI paramparA satata calI A rahI hai / AcArya dharasena ke caraNoM meM baiThakara hI donoM ziSyoM ne karma siddhAnta kA adhyayana kiyA thA / ve saphala zikSaka aura AcArya the| unakI nimnalikhita vizeSatAe~ haiM-- dharasena sabhI aMgoM aura pUrvoM ke ekadeza jJAtA the 1 aSTAMga mahAnimitta ke pAragAmI the / mantra-tantra Adi zAstroM ke vettA the / mahAkammapayaDipAhuDa ke vettA the / pravacana aura zikSaNa kalA meM paMDita the / praznottara zailI meM zaMkA-samAdhAnapUrvaka zikSA dene meM kuzala the| mahanIya viSaya ko saMkSepa meM prastuta kara dete the| 2. puSpadanta : puSpadanta aura bhUtabali kA nAma sAtha-sAtha prApta hotA hai, para puSpadanta bhUtabali se Ayu meM jyeSTha the / dharasena ke pazcAt puSpadanta kA kAryakAla 30 varSa batAyA jAtA hai / * * * * * * bhUtabali aura puSpadanta AcArya kA samaya prathama zatAbdI kA antima caraNa mAnA jAtA hai / AcArya puSpadanta ke kRtitva ke sambandha meM nimnalikhita tathya yA niSkarSa prApta hote haiM * * * * SaTkhaNDAgama kA Arambha AcArya puSpadanta ne kiyA hai| satprarUpaNA ke sUtroM ke sAtha unhoMne SaTkhaNDAgama kI rUparekhA bhI banAI thii| puSpadanta ne Ayu ko alpa jAnakara apanI racanA ko jinapAlita ke dvArA bhUtabali ko avaziSTa kArya ko pUrNa karane ke lie bhejA thaa| satprarUpaNA ke sUtroM ke racayitA puSpadanta hI haiM / puSpadanta ne anuyogadvAra aura prarUpaNAoM ke vistAra ko anubhava kara sUtroM kI racanA kI thI / 3. bhUtabali : puSpadanta ke nAma ke sAtha bhUtabali kA bhI nAma AtA hai| donoM ne eka sAtha dharasenAcArya se siddhAnta viSaya kA adhyayana kiyA thaa| bhUtabali ne dravir3a deza meM zruta kA nirmANa arthAt grantha-racanA kI thI / bhUtabali siddhAnta granthoM ke pUrNa jJAtA the, isalie inake dvArA racita 78 :: pramukha jaina granthoM kA paricaya

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siddhAntagrantha sarvathA nirdoSa aura arthapUrNa haiN| zrutAvatAra nAmaka grantha se jJAta hotA hai ki bhUtabali ne puSpadanta viracita sUtroM ko milAkara pA~ca khaMDoM ke chaH hajAra sUtra race aura tatpazcAt mahAbandha nAmaka chaThe khaMDa kI tIsa hajAra sUtra granthoM ke rUpa meM racanA kii| pramANoM ke AdhAra para hama kaha sakate haiM ki puSpadantAcArya ne SaTakhaNDAgama kI rUparekhA nirdhArita kara satprarUpaNA ke sUtroM kI racanA kI thI aura zeSa bhAga ko AcArya bhUtabali ne samApta kiyA thaa| grantha kA mahattva * SaTkhaNDAgama atyanta prAcIna hone se eka mahattvapUrNa grantha hai| zrutarakSA ke bhAva (mahAvIra kI divya dezanA ko jinavANI meM surakSita rakhane ke bhAva) se isa grantha kI racanA kI gayI hai| dvAdazAMga-vANI (jinavANI) ke sAtha SaTkhaNDAgama kA sAkSAt sambandha hai| * jaina zAstroM meM sabase mahAna evaM sabase prAcIna (kaSAyapAhuDa ke bAda kA) grantha hai| * grantha meM varNita viSaya bahuta hI gUr3ha, gambhIra evaM mahattvapUrNa hai| * karmasiddhAnta, jIva ke bhAva Adi viSayoM kA bahuta sUkSma varNana hai| grantha kA mukhya viSaya maMgalAcaraNa : grantha ke prArambha meM paJcanamaskAra mantra dvArA paMcaparameSThI ko namaskAra kiyA gayA hai| AcArya ne tIna khaMDa ke bAda punaH maMgalAcaraNa kiyA hai| pahalA khaMDa jIvasthAna SaTakhaNDAgama meM pahalA khaMDa jIvasthAna (jIvaTThANa) hai| isameM jIva ke guNa-dharma aura nAnA avasthAoM kA varNana ATha prarUpaNAoM (adhikAroM) se kiyA hai| isameM jIva ke guNa-dharma aura avasthAoM ko bhI dravya ke sAmAnya aura vizeSa prakAra se bA~TA hai| kisI bhI vastu ko cAra prakAra se dekhate haiMdravya, kSetra, kAla aura bhaav| ina sabake sAmAnya aura vizeSa do-do prakAra haiN| dravya kI ATha prarUpaNAe~ : sat, saMkhyA, kSetra, sparzana, kAla, antara, SaTkhaNDAgama :: 79

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bhAva aura alpbhutv| ina ATha prarUpaNAoM ko vistAra se isa pahale khaMDa meM samajhAyA hai| isake anantara nau cUlikAe~ (upavibhAga) bhI haiN| dravya sAmAnya sat (astitva) kSetra (sthAna) kAla (samaya) bhAva (vicAra) vizeSa saMkhyA (ginatI) sparzana (nizcita sthAna) antara (antarAla) alpabahutva (kama-jyAdA) 1. satprarUpaNA isa prarUpaNA (adhyAya) kA viSaya-nirUpaNa (varNana) ogha (saMkSepa) aura Adeza (vistAra) krama meM kiyA gayA hai| ogha meM 14 guNasthAnoM aura Adeza meM 14 mArgaNAoM kA varNana kiyA gayA hai| isameM 177 sUtra haiN| 14 guNasthAnoM aura 14 mArgaNAoM ke nAma gommaTasAra grantha meM hama likha cuke haiN| (dekheM pRSTha 56 aura 58) guNasthAna : tIna loka meM, saMsAra meM jitane bhI jIva haiM, una saba jIvoM ke jitane bhI bhAva (vicAra) haiM, una bhAvoM ko 14 bhAgoM meM bA~TA hai, yahI guNasthAna kahalAtA hai| jIva ke bhAvoM kA vargIkaraNa guNasthAna kahalAtA hai| jaise-baccA eka klAsa se dUsarI klAsa meM jAtA hai, usI prakAra jIva bhI eka sthAna se (guNasthAna) se dUsare (guNasthAna) sthAna meM jAtA hai| ___ jIva kaise guNasthAna meM praveza karatA hai, kaise Age bar3hatA hai, kauna sA jIva kisa guNasthAna meM rahatA hai, isakA varNana isa khaMDa meM varNita kiyA hai| mArgaNA : jIva ke jitane bhI bheda haiM, jitane bhI sthAna haiM, ve mArgaNAe~ haiN| isa adhyAya meM 14 mArgaNAoM (jIva ke 14 sthAnoM) kA varNana hai| 2. saMkhyA prarUpaNA jIvasthAna khaMDa kI dUsarI prarUpaNA hai| saMkhyA prruupnnaa| isameM 192 sUtroM dvArA guNasthAna aura mArgaNA krama se jIvoM kI saMkhyA kA nirdeza kiyA hai| isameM zatasahasrakoTi (karor3a), koDAkoDI, saMkhyAta, asaMkhyAta, ananta 80 :: pramukha jaina granthoM kA paricaya

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aura anantAnanta saMkhyAoM kA bhI kathana upalabdha hai| isake atirikta gaNita kI maulika prakriyAoM (varga, vargamUla, ghana Adi) kA bhI varNana hai| 3. kSetraprarUpaNA isameM 92 sUtroM dvArA guNasthAna aura mArgaNA krama se jIvoM ke kSetra kA kathana AyA hai| isameM sUtrakartA AcArya ne viSaya ko bahuta hI manohara DhaMga se prastuta kiyA hai| unhoMne praznottara ke rUpa meM isa gambhIra viSaya ko prastuta kiyA hai| jaise * sAsAdana samyakdRSTi guNasthAna se lekara ayogakevalI guNasthAna taka pratyeka guNasthAnavI jIva kitane kSetra meM rahate haiM ? uttara : loka ke asaMkhyAta bhAga pramANa kSetra meM rahate haiN| * sayogakevalI jIva kitane kSetroM meM rahate haiM ? uttara : sarvaloka meM rahate haiN| * tiryaMcagati meM tiryaMcoM meM mithyAdRSTi jIva kitane kSetra meM rahate haiM ? uttara : sarvaloka meM rahate haiN| spaSTa hai ki eka hI sUtra meM prazna aura uttara ina donoM kI yojanA kI gayI hai| vAstava meM yaha AcArya kI pratibhA hai ki unhoMne Agama ke gambhIra viSaya ko saMkSepa meM praznottara rUpa meM upasthita kiyA hai| 4. sparzana-prarUpaNA isameM 185 sUtra haiN| inameM nAnA guNasthAna aura mArgaNAvAle jIva svasthAna, samudghAta evaM upapAta sambandhI aneka avasthAoM dvArA kitane kSetra kA sparza karate haiM, isa bAta kA vivecana kiyA hai| svasthAna : jIva jisa sthAna para utpanna hotA hai yA rahatA hai vaha usakA svasthAna kahalAtA hai aura usa zarIra ke dvArA jahA~ taka vaha AtA-jAtA hai vaha vihAravat-svasthAna kahalAtA hai| samudghAta : vedanA, kaSAya Adi kisI nimitta vizeSa se jIva ke pradezoM kA mUla zarIra ke sAtha sambandha rahate hue bhI bAhara phailanA samudghAta kahalAtA hai| isake sAta bheda haiN| upapAda : apanI pUrvaparyAya ko chor3akara anya paryAya meM janma grahaNa karanA upapAda hai| SaTkhaNDAgama :: 81

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5. kAlaprarUpaNA isa prarUpaNA meM 342 sUtra haiN| isameM eka jIva aura nAnA jIvoM ke eka guNasthAna aura mArgaNA meM rahane kI jaghanya utkRSTa maryAdA kI kAlAvadhi kA nirdeza kiyA hai| 6. antara-prarUpaNA isameM 397 sUtra haiN| antara kA artha hai-viraha, vyuccheda yA abhaav| kisI guNasthAnavAle jIva kA usa guNasthAna ko chor3akara anya guNasthAna meM cale jAne para punaH usI guNasthAna kI prApti ho jAne ke pUrva taka kA kAla antarakAla yA virahakAla kahalAtA hai| sabase kama viraha-kAla ko jaghanya antara aura sabase bar3e virahakAla ko utkRSTa antara kahA hai| isa prakAra ke antarakAla kA varNana karanevAlI yaha antara-prarUpaNA hai| 7. bhAva-prarUpaNA isameM 93 sUtra haiN| isameM vibhinna guNasthAnoM aura mArgaNA sthAnoM meM honevAle bhAvoM kA nirUpaNa kiyA gayA hai| karmoM ke udaya, upazama (daba jAnA), kSaya (naSTa ho jAnA) aura kSayopazama (naSTa hokara phira udaya honA) Adi nimitta se jIva ke utpanna honevAle pariNAma-vizeSa ko bhAva kahate haiN| 8. alpabahutva prarUpaNA isameM 382 sUtra haiN| nAnA guNasthAna aura mArgaNAsthAnavI jIvoM kI saMkhyA ke hInAdhikatva (kama-jyAdA honA) kA varNana isa prarUpaNA meM hai| arthAt guNasthAna aura mArgaNA meM jIvoM kI saMkhyA kama yA jyAdA hotI hai, yahA~ isakA varNana kiyA uparyukta ATha prarUpaNAoM ke atirikta jIvasthAna kI nau calikAe~ haiN| isa prathama khaMDa meM kula 2375 sUtra haiM aura yaha khaMDa ATha prarUpaNAoM (prakAroM) aura nau cUlikAoM meM vibhakta hai| ina cUlikAoM meM kucha bahuta sundara aura vizeSa bAtoM kA varNana hai| jaise1. cAroM gati (deva, manuSya, tiryaMca aura nArakI) ke jIva marakara kisa-kisa gati meM jA sakate haiM aura kisa-kisa gati se kisa gati meM A-jA sakate 82 :: pramukha jaina granthoM kA paricaya

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haiM - isakA vistArapUrvaka varNana kiyA hai| 2. deva marakara punaH devagati prApta nahIM kara sktaa| vaha nArakI bhI nahIM ho sakatA / nArakI jIva marakara puna: naraka meM nahIM jAtA hai, na deva gati meM jAtA hai / ina donoM gatiyoM ke jIva manuSya yA tiryaMca gati hI prApta karate haiM / 3. manuSya aura tiryaMca gati ke jIva cAroM hI gatiyoM meM janma grahaNa kara sakate haiM / 4. naraka aura devagati se Aye hue jIva tIrthaMkara ho sakate haiM / manuSya aura tiryaMca gati ke jIva tIrthaMkara nahIM ho skte| 5. cakravartI, nArAyaNa - pratinArAyaNa aura balabhadra kevala deva gati se Aye hue jIva hote haiN| zeSa gatiyoM se Aye hue jIva cakravartI Adi nahIM ho sakate / 6. cakravartI marakara svarga aura naraka donoM meM jA sakate haiN| vaha karma naSTa kara mokSa bhI jA sakate haiM / 7. nArAyaNa aura pratinArAyaNa marakara niyama se naraka jAte haiM / 8. sAtaveM naraka kA nikalA jIva tiryaMca hI ho sakatA hai, manuSya nahIM ho sakatA / isa prakAra isa adhikAra meM sAtoM naraka se nikale hue jIva kI gati, sthiti vistAra se batAI hai / manuSya gati, devagati aura tiryaMcagati ke jIvoM kI sthiti kA varNana bahuta vistAra se batAyA gayA hai| vAstava meM yaha grantha aura isakA prathama khaMDa (jIvasthAna) vartamAna samaya ke lie bahuta upayogI aura mahattvapUrNa hai / dUsarA khaMDa : khuddAbandha (kSudrakabandha ) kSudraka arthAt choTA bandha arthAt khaNDa yA bhAga / khuddAbandha yA kSudrakabandha kahane kA kAraNa yaha hai ki mahAbandha kI apekSA yaha bandha prakaraNa choTA hai| isameM batAyA hai ki mArgaNA sthAnoM ke anusAra kauna jIva bandhaka hai aura kauna abandhaka hai| karmasiddhAnta kI dRSTi se yaha dvitIya khaMDa bahuta upayogI aura mahattvapUrNa hai| isakA varNana gyAraha anuyogoM (aMgoM yA bhAga) dvArA kiyA gayA hai / ina gyAraha anuyogoM meM pUrva prAstAvika rUpa meM bandhakoM ke sattva (sthiti) kA varNana kiyA gayA hai aura anta meM gyAraha anuyogadvAroM kI cUlikA ke rUpa meM do adhikAra die gaye haiM / isa prakAra isa khaMDa meM 13 adhikAra haiM aura 582 sUtra haiN| inameM kucha vizeSa bAtoM para carcA kI gayI hai / SaTkhaNDAgama :: 83

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bandhaka arthAt karmoM se ba~dhA huA jIva / kisa jIva ko kauna - sA karma bA~dhatA hai, kaba bA~dhatA hai, kyoM bA~dhatA hai, isakA varNana isa adhikAra meM hai / 1. gatimArgaNA ke anusAra nArakI aura tiryaMca jIva bandhaka haiM 1 2. manuSya bandhaka bhI hai aura abandhaka bhI / 3. siddha abandhaka haiN| ayogakevalI bhI abandhaka haiM / 4. jaba taka mana, vacana, kAya evaM yoga kI kriyA vidyamAna rahatI hai taba taka jIva bandhaka rahatA hai| tIsarA khaMDa : bandhasAmitta vicaya (bandhasvAmitva vicaya) vicaya zabda kA artha hai - vicAra, mImAMsA yA parIkSA karanA / isa khaMDa meM kula 324 sUtra haiN| inameM karmoM kI vibhinna prakRtiyoM ke bandha karanevAle svAmiyoM kA vicAra kiyA gayA hai| isameM batAyA hai ki karmabandha ke svAmI kauna se guNasthAnavartI aura mArgaNAsthAnavartI jIva haiM / prArambha ke 42 sUtroM meM guNasthAna ke krama se bandhaka jIvoM kA varNana kiyA hai| karmasiddhAnta kI apekSA kisa guNasthAna meM bheda aura abheda kI tulanA se kitanI prakRtiyoM kA svAmI kauna jIva hotA hai| isakA vizada vivecana yahA~ kiyA gayA hai| karmabandha kI prakriyA kA isameM sUkSma varNana hai / cauthA khaMDa : vedanA khaMDa yahA~ para vedanA kA artha dukha nahIM hai / vedanA arthAt jJAna hai / isa caturtha khaMDa meM prArambha meM maMgalAcaraNa kiyA hai| isameM maMgalasUtra milate haiM / ataH yaha anumAna lagAyA jA sakatA hai ki prathama maMgalAcaraNa prArambha ke tIna khaMDoM kA hai aura dvitIya maMgalAraNa zeSa tIna khaMDoM kA / Agama meM grantha ke prArambha meM aura madhya meM maMgalAcaraNa karane kA jo siddhAnta pratipAdita hai, usakA samarthana isa grantha se ho jAtA hai / vedanAkhaMDa meM kula 1,499 sUtra haiM / yaha khaMDa do bhAgoM meM vibhakta hai - kRti aura vedanA khaMDa / kRti anuyogadvAra : isameM 75 sUtra haiM, jinameM 44 sUtroM meM maMgalAcaraNa kiyA gayA hai aura zeSa sUtroM meM kRti ke nAnA bheda batalAkara unakA svarUpa batalAyA hai / vedanA anuyogadvAra : isa prakaraNa ko nimna 16 adhikAroM meM bA~TA gayA 84 :: pramukha jaina granthoM kA paricaya

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hai-naya, nikSepa, nAma, dravya, kSetra, kAla, bhAva, pratyaya, svAmitva, vedanAvidhAna, gati, anantara, sannikarSa, parimANa, bhAgAbhAga aura alpbhutv| ina 16 adhikaroM meM nayoM kA vizada vivecana kiyA gayA hai| yaha vedanA anuyogadvAra bahuta hI mahattvapUrNa hai| nikSepa adhikAra meM nAma, sthApanA, dravya aura bhAva-ina cAra nikSepoM dvArA vedanA ke svarUpa kA spaSTIkaraNa kiyA gayA hai| isI prakAra anya adhikAroM meM bhI jaisA nAma, vaisA viSaya hai| pA~cavA~ khaMDa : vargaNAkhaNDa isa khaMDa meM sparza, karma aura prakRti nAmaka tIna anuyogadvAroM kA pratipAdana kiyA gayA hai| ina tInoM anuyogadvAroM meM kramaza: 63, 31 aura 142 sUtra haiN| sparza anuyogadvAra meM sparza kA vicAra 16 adhikAroM meM kiyA hai| karma anuyogadvAra meM 10 adhikAroM meM karma kA varNana hai| prakRti anuyogadvAra meM 16 adhikAroM meM prakRtinikSepa Adi kA varNana hai| chaThA khaMDa : mahAbandha khaNDa bandhanIya adhikAra kI samApti ke pazcAt prakRti bandha, pradeza bandha, sthiti bandha aura anubhAga bandha kA vivecana chaThe khaMDa meM aneka anuyogadvAroM meM vistArapUrvaka kiyA gayA hai| prakRti bandha : 'prakRti' kA zabdArtha 'svabhAva' hai| yathA-cInI kI prakRti madhura aura nIma kI prakRti kaTuka hotI hai| isI prakAra AtmA ke sAtha sambaddha hue karmaparamANuoM meM AtmA ke jJAna-darzanAdi guNoM ke AvaraNa ko prakRtibandha kahate haiN| sthiti bandha : ve Ae hue karmaparamANu jitane samaya taka AtmA ke sAtha ba~dhe rahate haiM utane kAla kI maryAdA ko sthitibandha kahate haiN| anubhAga bandha : una karmaparamANuoM meM phalapradAna karane kA jo sAmarthya hotA hai, use anubhAga bandha kahate haiN| pradeza bandha : AtmA ke sAtha ba~dhanevAle karmaparamANuoM ke jJAnAvaraNAdi ATha karma aura unakI uttaraprakRtiyoM ke rUpa se jo bandhana hotA hai, use pradezabandha kahate haiN| ____ isa chaThe khaMDa meM ina cAroM bandhoM kA 24 anuyogadvAroM (adhikAroM) dvArA varNana kiyA gayA hai| SaTkhaNDAgama :: 85

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isa prakAra yaha SaTakhaNDAgama grantha bahuta hI mahAna, Agama kI vANI aura sarvazreSTha grantha hai| ___ yaha vidvAnoM ke stara kA grantha hai| sabako ise samajhanA kucha muzkila hai, ataH viSayavastu thor3I kaThina ho gayI hai| pAThakagaNa bhayabhIta na hoN| isa mahAna grantha ko par3hane ke lie yogya jJAna evaM atyadhika lagana, niSThA aura zrama kI AvazyakatA hai| hamArA uddezya pAThakoM ko itane mahAna grantha kI viSayavastu se paricita karAnA thaa| 86 :: pramukha jaina granthoM kA paricaya

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tiloyapaNNattI grantha ke nAma kA artha isa grantha kA nAma 'tiloyapaNNattI' prAkRta bhASA meM hai| ise saMskRta bhASA meM 'trilokaprajJapti' kahate haiN| cU~ki yaha grantha tInoM lokoM kA svarUpa prakAzita karane meM dIpaka ke samAna hai, isalie ise trilokaprajJapti kahate haiN| prajJapti kA artha hai-adhikAra / isa grantha meM tInoM lokoM kA jJAna karAnevAle adhikAra haiM, ataH ise tiloyapaNNatI kahA jAtA hai| granthakAra kA paricaya tiloyapaNNattI jaise mahAgrantha ke racanAkAra prakAMDa vidvAna AcArya yativRSabha haiN| Apa apane yuga ke yazasvI AgamajJAtA vidvAna the| ApakA samaya san 176 ke AsapAsa siddha hotA hai| yativRSabha ne kaSAyapAhuDa ke cUrNisUtroM kI racanA saMkSipta zabdAvalI meM prastuta kara mahAna artha ko nibaddha kiyA hai| yadi AcArya yativRSabha cUrNisUtroM kI racanA na karate to sambhava hai ki kaSAyapAhuDa' kA artha spaSTa nahIM ho paataa| racanAe~ : inakI do hI racanAe~ upalabdha haiM* kaSAyapAhuDa ke cUrNisUtra * tiloypnnnnttii| cUrNisUtroM ke prathama racayitA hone ke kAraNa aura tiloyapaNNattI jaise vizAla aura mahAna grantha kI racanA karane ke kAraNa yativRSabha kA atyadhika mahattva hai| tiloyapaNNattI :: 87

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grantha kA mahattva 1. tiloyapaNNattI karaNAnuyoga kA mahattvapUrNa grantha hai| yaha prAkRta bhASA meM hai| 2. isa grantha meM tIna loka kA aura 63 zalAkA mahApuruSoM kA paricayAtmaka varNana kiyA gayA hai| 3. yaha grantha trilokavartI vizva-racanA kA sAra rUpa meM darzana karAnevAlA ___ atyanta mahattvapUrNa grantha hai| 4. tiloyapaNNattI grantha sampUrNa gaNita kA jJAna denevAlA anamola grantha hai| sarala rUpa meM hama kaha sakate haiM ki gaNita viSaya kA sampUrNa jJAna tiloyapaNNattI grantha se prApta ho sakatA hai| 5. isa grantha meM jo pariNAma aura gaNitIya sUtra diye gaye haiM, unakA aitihAsika dRSTi se atyadhika mahattva hai| Agama-paramparA-pravAha meM AyA huA yaha gaNitIya viSaya aneka varSa pUrva kA hai| isameM kriyAtmaka, raikhikIya, aMkagaNita evaM bIjagaNitIya pratIka Adi viSaya upalabdha haiN| 6. isa grantha meM varNita jo gaNita kA viSaya hai vaha sAmAnya lokapracalita gaNita na hokara lokottara viSaya hai, jo viziSTa siddhAntoM ko AdhAra lekara pratipAdita kiyA gayA hai| jaise-saMkhyAoM ke lie saMkhyAta, asaMkhyAta evaM ananta kA prayoga hai| ataH isa grantha kA sampUrNa gaNita tIna loka kI racanA ke jJAna hetu anukUla hai| 7. karmasiddhAnta evaM adhyAtma-siddhAnta viSayaka granthoM meM praveza karane hetu isa grantha kA adhyayana Avazyaka hai| yaha grantha aneka granthoM ko acchI taraha samajhane hetu sudRr3ha AdhAra banAtA hai| 8. isa grantha meM gaNita, bhUgola evaM khagola viSaya kA vistRta varNana hai| grantha kA mukhya viSaya tiloyapaNNattI meM tIna loka ke svarUpa, AkAra, prakAra, vistAra, kSetraphala aura yugaparivartana Adi viSayoM kA nirUpaNa kiyA gayA hai| prasaMgavaza jaina siddhAnta, purANa aura bhAratIya itihAsa viSayaka sAmagrI bhI nirUpita hai| maMgalAcaraNa : sabase pahale maMgalAcaraNa meM pA~coM parameSThiyoM ko namaskAra kiyA hai| usake bAda maMgala zabda ke bheda, maMgalAcaraNa kI sArthakatA, maMgalAcaraNa kA prayojana Adi aneka viSaya cAlIsa sUtroM dvArA samajhAye gaye haiN| usake bAda rAjA, adhirAja, mahArAja, ardhamaNDalIka, maNDalIka aura 88 :: pramukha jaina granthoM kA paricaya

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mahAmaNDalIka kA lakSaNa batAyA hai| sAtha hI ardhacakrI, cakravartI aura tIrthaMkara kA bhI lakSaNa sarala zabdoM meM samajhAyA hai / isake bAda pramANa-naya-nikSepa Adi kA svarUpa batAyA hai / sampUrNa viSaya 132 gAthAoM meM varNita hai / isa grantha meM 9 adhikAra haiM, adhikAroM ke andara bhI aneka upAdhikAra haiM / ina nau adhikAroM ke atirikta upAdhikAroM kI saMkhyA 180 haiN| isa grantha kA viSaya vistAra atyadhika hai| 1. sAmAnya lokasvarUpa adhikAra (gAthA 153 ) isa adhikAra meM prArambha meM loka kA svarUpa batalAyA hai| yaha loka akRtrima hai, anAdinidhana hai, nitya hai aura jIvAjIvoM se sahita hai| isa loka meM dharma, adharma, AkAza, jIva aura pudgala dravya jahA~ taka pAe jAte haiM, vahA~ taka loka mAnA jAtA hai, usake pazcAt alokAkAza hai aura yaha ananta hai| loka ke kaI AkAra batalAye haiM / adholoka kI AkRti svabhAva se veMta ke samAna, madhyaloka kI AkRti khar3e kiye hue ardhamRdaMga ke UparavAle bhAga ke samAna aura urdhvaloka kI AkRti khar3e kiye hue mRdaMga ke samAna hai| isa adhikAra meM tIna loka kI AkRti, prakAra, vistAra, U~cAI, caur3AI aura moTAI Adi kA varNana kiyA hai| tIna lokoM meM sthita pRthiviyoM ke nAma, bhUmi, kSetraphala, dhanaphala, meru aura sthAna Adi kA varNana vistAra se diyA gayA hai| isa prakAra loka ke svarUpa ko samajhane ke lie yaha adhikAra mahattvapUrNa hai / 2. narakaloka adhikAra (gAthA 371 ) isa adhikAra meM kula 371 gAthAe~ haiM / maMgalAcaraNa meM ajitanAtha bhagavAna ko namaskAra kiyA hai| isa adhikAra meM vistAra se narakaloka kA varNana hai| nArakiyoM ke nivAsa sthAna ke varNana meM ratnaprabhA, citrA Adi pRthiviyoM, unake bhAga aura unakA svarUpa Adi kA varNana hai| naraka meM biloM kI saMkhyA, biloM ke bheda, sAtoM pRthiviyoM ke vistAra aura svarUpa Adi kA varNana hai / usake bAda nArakiyoM kI saMkhyA, nArakiyoM kI Ayu kA pramANa, zarIra kA varNana aura nArakiyoM kI avasthA ( guNasthAna anusAra) Adi kA varNana hai / nArakI jIva naraka se nikalane ke bAda kauna sI gati prApta kara sakatA hai, unake pariNAma tiloyapaNNattI :: 89

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kaise hote haiM, narakoM ke dukhoM kA varNana aura janmabhUmiyoM kA varNana ityAdi viSaya isa adhikAra meM samAhita haiN| ___ antima gAthAoM meM batAyA hai ki jo jIva madya-mAMsa kA sevana karate haiM, zikAra karate haiM, asatya vacana bolate haiM, corI karate haiM, rAta-dina viSayasevana karate haiM aura dUsaroM ko Thagate haiM, ve tIvra dukha ko utpanna karanevAle narakoM meM jAte haiN| unheM vahA~ aneka bhayAnaka kaSTa sahana karane par3ate haiN| 3. bhavanavAsI loka adhikAra (gAthA 254) ratnaprabhA pRthivI ke eka lAkha yojana pramANa moTAIvAle kSetroM meM utkRSTa ratnoM se zobhAyamAna bhavanavAsI devoM ke bhavana haiN| jo deva ina bhavanoM meM rahate haiM, unheM bhavanavAsI deva kahate haiM / ye dasa prakAra ke hote haiM-asurakumAra, nAgakumAra, suparNakumAra, dvIpakumAra, udadhikumAra, stanitakumAra, vidyutkumAra, dikkumAra, agnikumAra aura vaayukumaar| ina devoM ke mukuToM meM kramaza: cUr3AmaNi, sarpa, garur3a, hAthI, magara, svastika, vajra, siMha, kalaza aura turaMga-ye cihna hote haiN| isa adhikAra meM bhavanavAsiyoM ke nivAsakSetra, devoM ke bheda, cihna, bhavanoM kI saMkhyA, indroM kA pramANa, indroM ke nAma, bhavanoM kA vistAra, bhavanoM meM vedI, kUTa, jinamandira-prAsAda, indroM kI vibhUti, devoM kI saMkhyA, unakI Ayu aura zarIra kA pramANa, avadhijJAna ke kSetra kA pramANa aura guNasthAna Adi kA varNana hai| eka samaya meM utpanna honevAloM aura maranevAloM kA pramANa, unakA Agamana evaM bhavanavAsI devoM kI Ayu ke bandha yogya jo bhAva haiM, una bhAvoM ke bheda aura samyaktva grahaNa karane ke kAraNoM kA varNana hai| anta meM kahA hai ki jo bhavya jIva vizuddha pariNAmoM ke dvArA devAyu prApta karate haiM parantu krodhAdi kaSAyoM ke kAraNa mokSalakSmI ko prApta nahIM kara pAte haiM, ve jIva bhavanavAsiyoM meM utpanna hote haiN| isa prakAra isa adhikAra meM vistAra se sampUrNa bhavanavAsI devoM kA varNana hai| anta meM sumatinAtha bhagavAna ko namaskAra kiyA hai| 4. manuSyaloka adhikAra (gAthA 3600) yaha adhikAra isa grantha kA sabase bar3A adhikAra hai| isameM 16 antarAdhikAra haiM jinameM manuSya loka kA vistRta varNana hai| 90 :: pramukha jaina granthoM kA paricaya

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adhikAra ke prArambha meM padmaprabha bhagavAna ko namaskAra kiyA hai aura anta meM supArzvanAtha bhagavAna ko namaskAra kiyA hai| ___ isa adhikAra meM sabase pahale manuSyaloka kI sthiti evaM pramANa kA, manuSyaloka kA kSetraphala evaM ghanaphala nikAlane kI vidhi kA varNana hai| jambUdvIpa, lavaNasamudra, ghAtakIkhaNDa, kAlodaka samudra, puSkarArdha dvIpa, bharatakSetra, bharatakSetra kA vistAra, gaMgA Adi nadiyoM kA varNana, bharatakSetra ke chaha khaMDa kA varNana, suSamA-dukhamA Adi kAloM kA varNana, kalpavRkSa, bhogabhUmi, caudaha kulakara, caubIsa tIrthaMkaroM ke avataraNa, janmasthAna, mAtA-pitA Adi kA varNana aura tIrthaMkaroM ke vaMza aura pA~coM kalyANakoM kA varNana, samavasaraNa kI racanA kA varNana aura samavasaraNa meM gaNadhara, RddhidhArI devoM Adi kA varNana kiyA hai| cakravartiyoM ke svarUpa kA bhI varNana hai| kAmadeva, nArAyaNa aura pratinArAyaNa, mahApuruSoM Adi sabhI kA varNana isa adhikAra meM hai| usake bAda bharatakSetra ke parvata, merU, zaila, nadI, vRkSa aura jaMgaja Adi kA varNana hai| usake bAda videhakSetra kA, lavaNasamudra kA, ghAtakI khaNDadvIpa kA, kAloda samudra aura puSkaravara dvIpa Adi kA vistAra se varNana hai| __ manuSyoM ke bheda, unakI saMkhyA, manuSya meM sukha-dukha kA nirUpaNa, samyaktva prApti ke upAya aura mukta jIvoM ke pramANa kA bhI varNana hai| isa prakAra yaha adhikAra bahuta hI mahattvapUrNa evaM vistRta hai| mAtra isa adhikAra para hI aneka grantha, zodhapatra evaM Alekha likhe jA sakate haiN| 5. tiryagloka adhikAra (gAthA 323) isa adhikAra meM kula 323 gAthAe~ haiN| 16 antarAdhikAroM ke mAdhyama se tiryagloka kA vistRta varNana kiyA gayA hai| adhikAra ke prArambha meM candraprabha jinendra ko namaskAra kiyA gayA hai| usake bAda sthAvaraloka kA pramANa batAte hue kahA gayA hai ki jahA~ taka AkAza meM dharma evaM adharma dravya ke nimitta se honevAlI jIva aura pudgala kI gati-sthiti sambhava hai, utanA saba sthAvara loka hai| usake madhya meM sumerU parvata ke mUla se eka lAkha yojana U~cA aura eka rAjU lambA-caur3A tiryak trasaloka hai; jahA~ tiryaMca trasa jIva bhI pAye jAte haiN| tiryagloka meM asaMkhyAta dvIpa samudra haiN| una sabake madhya meM eka lAkha yojana vistAravAlA jambUdvIpa nAmaka prathama dvIpa hai| usake cAroM ora do lAkha yojana vistAra se saMyukta lavaNa samudra hai| usake Age dUsarA dvIpa aura phira dUsarA tiloyapaNNattI :: 91

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samudra hai| yahI krama anta taka hai / ina dvIpa samudroM kA vistAra uttarottara pUrva kI apekSA duganA-duganA hotA gayA hai| yahA~ granthakAra ne Adi aura anta ke solahasolaha dvIpa - samudroM ke nAma bhI die haiN| isa adhikAra meM AThaveM, gyArahaveM aura terahaveM dvIpa kA kucha vizeSa varNana kiyA gayA hai, anya dvIpoM meM koI vizeSatA na hone se unakA varNana nahIM kiyA gayA hai| AThaveM nandIzvara dvIpa ke varNana ke bAda batAyA gayA hai ki prativarSa ASAr3ha, kArtika aura phAlguna mAsa meM isa dvIpa ke bAvana jinAlayoM kI pUjA ke lie bhavanavAsI Adi cAroM prakAra ke deva zuklapakSa kI aSTamI se pUrNimA taka rahakara bar3I bhakti karate haiM / kalpavAsI deva pUrva dizA meM, bhavanavAsI deva dakSiNa dizA meM, vyantara deva pazcima dizA meM aura jyotiSI deva uttara dizA meM abhiSekapUrvaka jala candanAdika ATha dravyoM se pUjana- stuti karate haiN| isa pUjana mahotsava ke nimitta saudharmAdi indra apane-apane vAhanoM para ArUr3ha hokara hAtha meM kucha phUla-puSpAdi lekara vahA~ jAte haiM / bUdvIpa se Age saMkhyAta dvIpa samUhoM ke pazcAt eka dUsarA bhI jambUdvIpa hai| isameM jo vijayAdika devoM kI nagariyA~ sthita haiM, unakA vahA~ vizeSa varNana kiyA gayA hai| usake bAda dvIpa- samudroM ke vistAra, kSetraphala sUcIpramANa aura AyAma meM jo uttarottara vRddhi huI hai usakA gaNita-prakriyA ke dvArA bahuta vistRta vivecana kiyA gayA hai| pazcAt tiryaMca jIvoM kI saMkhyA, Ayu, Ayubandhaka bhAva, unakI utpatti yogya yoniyA~, sukha-dukha, guNasthAna, samyaktva grahaNa ke kAraNa aura gati - Agati Adi kA kathana kiyA gayA hai| anta meM puSpadanta jinendra ko namaskAra kara isa adhikAra ko samApta kiyA gayA hai| 6. vyantaraloka adhikAra (gAthA 103 ) kula 103 gAthAoM ke isa adhikAra meM vyantara devoM kA nivAsa kSetra, unake bheda, cihna, kulabheda, nAma, dakSiNa- - uttara ke indra, Ayu, AhAra, ucchvAsa, avadhijJAna, zakti, saMkhyA, janma-maraNa, AyubandhakabhAva, samyaktvagrahaNa vidhi aura guNasthAnAdi vikalpoM kA varNana kiyA gayA hai| isameM katipaya vizeSa bAteM hI ullikhita huI haiM, zeSa varNana tRtIya adhikAra meM varNita bhavanavAsI devoM ke samAna hai / prArambhika maMgalAcaraNa meM zItalanAtha jinendra ko aura anta meM zreyAMsa jinendra ko namaskAra kiyA gayA hai| 92 :: pramukha jaina granthoM kA paricaya

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7. jyotirloka adhikAra (gAthA 624) isa adhikAra meM kula 624 gAthAe~ haiM / jyotiSI devoM kA nivAsa kSetra, unake bheda, saMkhyA, vinyAsa, parimANa, saMcAra-cara jyotiSiyoM kI gati, acara jyotiSiyoM kA svarUpa, Ayu, AhAra, ucchvAsa, avadhijJAna, zakti, eka samaya meM jIvoM kI utpatti va maraNa, Ayubandhaka bhAva, samyagdarzana grahaNa ke kAraNa aura guNasthAnAdi kA adhikAroM ke mAdhyama se vistRta varNana kiyA gayA hai| prArambha meM zrI vAsupUjya jinendra ko aura anta meM vimalanAtha bhagavAna ko namaskAra kiyA hai| nivAsa-kSetra ke antargata batalAyA gayA hai ki eka rAjU lambe caur3e aura 110 yojana moTe kSetra meM jyotiSI devoM kA nivAsa hai| citrA pRthivI 710 yojana Upara AkAza meM tArAgaNa, inase 10 yojana Upara sUrya, usase 80 yojana Upara candra, usase 4 yojana Upara nakSatra, unase 4 yojana Upara budha, usase tIna yojana Upara zukra, usase 3 yojana Upara guru, usase 3 yojana Upara maMgala aura usase 3 yojana Upara jAkara zani ke vimAna haiN| ye vimAna Urdhvamukha evaM ardhagolaka AkAra ke haiN| ye saba deva inameM saparivAra Ananda se rahate haiN| ina devoM meM se candra ko indra aura sUrya ko pratIndra mAnA gayA hai| isakI gati dinarAhu aura parvarAhu ke bheda ke do prakAra kI hai| jisa mArga meM candra paripUrNa dikhatA hai, vaha dina pUrNimA nAma se prasiddha hai| rAhu ke dvArA candramaMDala kI kalAoM ko AcchAdita kara lene para jisa mArga meM candra kI eka kalA hI avaziSTa rahatI hai, vaha dina amAvasyA kahA jAtA hai| jambUdvIpa meM sUrya bhI do haiM / sUrya ke prathamAdi pakSoM meM sthita rahane para dina aura rAtri kA pramANa darzAyA gayA hai| isake Age kitanI dhUpa aura kitanA a~dherA rahatA hai-yaha vistAra se batalAyA hai| isI prakAra bharata evaM airAvata kSetra meM sUrya ke udayakAla meM kahA~ kitanA dina aura rAtri hotI hai, yaha bhI varNana kiyA gayA hai| anantara 88 grahoM kI saMcArabhUmi va vIthiyoM kA nirdeza mAtra kiyA gayA hai| isake bAda 28 nakSatroM kA varNana hai| phira jyotiSI devoM kI saMkhyA, AhAra aura ucchvAsa Adi batAe haiN| 8. suraloka adhikAra (gAthA 726) isa adhikAra meM 726 gAthAe~ haiM / vaimAnika devoM kA nivAsa kSetra, vinyAsa, bheda, nAma, sImA, vimAna saMkhyA, indravibhUti, Ayu, janma-maraNa antara, AhAra, ucchvAsa, tiloyapaNNattI :: 93

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AyubandhakabhAva, lokAntika devoM kA svarUpa, guNasthAnAdika, samyaktvagrahaNa ke kAraNa, Agamana, avadhijJAna, devoM kI saMkhyA, zakti aura yoni Adi kA varNana ikkIsa antarAdhikAroM ke dvArA kiyA gayA hai| isa adhikAra meM vaimAnika devoM kA vistAra se varNana kiyA hai| adhikAra ke Arambha meM bhagavAna anantanAtha ko aura anta meM bhagavAna dharmanAtha ko namaskAra kiyA gayA hai| 9. siddhaloka adhikAra (gAthA 82) isa adhikAra meM kula 82 gAthAe~ haiN| siddhoM kA kSetra, unakI saMkhyA aura siddhatva ke hetu Adi batAe haiM / isa adhikAra kI bahuta-sI gAthAe~ samayasAra, pravacanasAra aura paMcAstikAya meM dikhAI detI haiN| adhikAra ke prArambha meM zAntinAtha bhagavAna ko namaskAra kiyA gayA hai aura anta meM zrI kunthunAtha bhagavAna se mahAvIra bhagavAna taka sabhI tIrthaMkaroM ko namaskAra kiyA gayA hai| phira eka gAthA meM siddha aura sAdhusaMgha ke jayavanta rahane kI kAmanA kI gayI hai| punaH eka gAthA meM bharata kSetra ke vartamAna caubIsa tIrthaMkaroM ko namaskAra kiyA gayA hai| phira paMcaparameSThI ko namana kiyA hai| anta meM tiloyapaNNattI grantha kA pramANa ATha hajAra zloka batAyA gayA hai| anantara granthakartA ne apanI vinamratA vyakta karate hue kahA hai ki "pravacanabhakti se prerita hokara maiMne mArgaprabhAvanA ke lie isa zreSTha grantha ko likhA hai|" isa prakAra tIna loka kI racanA kA vistRta varNana isa mahAgrantha tiloyapaNNattI meM hai| vAstava meM tIna loka kI racanA kA itanA sUkSma aura vistRta varNana sarala bhASA meM karanA AcArya yativRSabha ke adbhuta jJAna evaM buddhikauzala kA hI prabhAva hai| hama AcArya ke prati AbhArI haiM, jinhoMne itane mahAna aura mahattvapUrNa grantha kI racanA kI, jisase sampUrNa vizva ke tIna lokoM kA jJAna hameM prApta ho ske| 94 :: pramukha jaina granthoM kA paricaya

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bhaktAmarastotra jaina darzana meM prArambha se stotra - racanA kI paramparA rahI hai / vartamAna meM lagabhaga 1000 jaina stotra upalabdha haiM, jinameM se lagabhaga 15-20 stotra to bahuta hI prasiddha evaM mahattvapUrNa haiN| jaise - bhaktAmara stotra, viSApahAra stotra, siddhipriya stotra, kalyANamandira stotra, maMgalASTaka stotra, svayaMbhU stotra, pArzvanAtha stotra, mahAvIrASTaka stotra, jinastuti zataka, ekIbhAva stotra Adi / sabhI stotroM kA apanA-apanA vizeSa mahattva hai / parantu bhaktAmarastotra bhI inameM sabase mahattvapUrNa evaM pratidina paThanIya stotra hai| isakA apanA eka vizeSa sthAna evaM mahattva hai| zrAvaka isakA pAThana pratidina karate haiM / ataH zrAvakoM ko isakA mahattva evaM sAra samajhAne ke lie hI granthoM kI zRMkhalA meM ise 'bhaktikAvya' ke rUpa meM liyA hai / bhaktAmara stotra ke nAma kA artha isa stotra ke do nAma pracalita haiM- 1. bhaktAmara stotra, 2. AdinAtha stotra / 1. bhaktAmara stotra isa stotra ke nAma ke do artha haiM - pahalA kAraNa to yaha hai ki stotra kA pahalA pada hI ' bhaktAmara' hai, cU~ki pahale to anya granthoM aura stotroM meM yaha dekhane meM AyA hai ki prathama pada ke anusAra hI racanA kA nAma hotA hai, ataH 'bhaktAmarastotra' nAma kA kAraNa bhI yahI hai / yaha stotra eka bhaktipUrNa kAvya racanA hai| AcArya mAnatuMga ne jaina dharma kI prabhAvanA ke lie pUrNa zraddhA, bhakti evaM tanmayatA se bhagavAna kI arcanA kI hai, stotra kI racanA karate hI AcArya mAnatuMga ke Upara jo upasarga thA vaha svayaM hI dUra ho gyaa| isa stotra kI racanA karate-karate hI AcArya mAnatuMga amara ho gaye / bhaktAmara stotra :: 95

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unake 48 tAle svayameva hI TUTa gye| ataH bhakta ko amara banAnevAlA yaha stotra 'bhaktAmara stotra' hai / 2. AdinAtha stotra isa stotra kA mUla nAma AdinAtha stotra hai / isa stotra meM AcArya mAnatuMga ne AdinAtha bhagavAna kI stuti kI hai, ata: ise AdinAtha stotra yA RSabhanAtha stotra kahA jAtA hai / racanAkAra kA paricaya bhaktipUrNa kAvya ke sRSTA kavi ke rUpa meM AcArya mAnatuMga prasiddha haiM / AcArya mAnatuMga kA samaya I. san 6-7vIM zatAbdI kA mAnA jAtA hai| inake jIvana-caritra ke bAre meM aneka carcA prasiddha haiM, parantu eka vizeSa kathA yaha hai ki mAlavA prAnta ke ujjaina nagara meM rAjA bhoja kA zAsana thA / rAjA bhoja ne AcArya mAnatuMga ko zAstrArtha karane rAjya sabhA meM bulaayaa| cU~ki digambara sAdhu rAjadvAra meM jAte nahIM haiM, ataH AcArya ne rAjA kI AjJA ThukarA dii| bAra-bAra prayAsa karane bhI jaba AcArya rAjadarabAra meM nahIM gaye to sainika balapUrvaka AcArya ko uThAkara rAjadarabAra meM le gye| AcArya mAnatuMga ise upasarga samajhakara mauna dhAraNa kara dhyAna meM baiTha gaye / rAjA ke bAra-bAra prayAsa karane para bhI jaba AcArya kucha nahIM bole to anya darabArIgaNa AcArya ko mahAmUrkha siddha karane lage, taba rAjA ne krodhita hokara unheM hathakar3I aura ber3I DalavAkara ar3atAlIsa koThariyoM ke bhItara eka bandIgRha meM kaida karavA diyA aura majabUta tAle lagavA die| T munizrI tIna dinoM taka bandIgRha meM rahe / cauthe dina bhaktAmara stotra kI racanA kI, jyoM hI svAmI ne 48 kAvya par3he, tyoM hI hathakar3I, ber3I aura 48 tAle TUTa gaye aura khaTa-khaTa sAre daravAje khula gye| bAra- bAra tAle lagAe jAne para bhI punaH sAre tAle khulate gaye aura AcArya mAnatuMga rAjyasabhA meM jA phuNce| tapasvI munirAja ke zarIra kI AbhA (camaka) ke prabhAva se rAjA kA hRdaya kA~pa gyaa| unhoMne AcArya ke caraNoM meM jhukakara unase kSamAyAcanA kii| unhoMne nAnA prakAra se AcArya kI stuti kI aura zrAvaka ke vrata grahaNa kara apane rAjya meM dharma kA khUba pracAra kiyA / 96 :: pramukha jaina granthoM kA paricaya

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bhaktAmara pATha karane kA phala bhaktAmara stotra kA vizeSa phala evaM saccA mahattva bhagavAna ke vItarAgI guNoM kA hRdaya meM bahumAna paidA karanA hai| bhagavAna ke guNoM meM, bhagavAna kI bhakti meM bhakta zraddhA, bhakti aura samarpaNa ke sAtha isa prakAra lIna ho jAtA hai ki use bhagavAna ke atirikta kucha bhI dikhAI nahIM detaa| bhakta jaba isa prakAra se bhagavAna kI bhakti karatA hai to use alaukika Ananda prApta hotA hai, usake sAMsArika kaSTa, vighna bAdhAe~ apane Apa hI dUra ho jAte haiN| yadyapi bahuta se loga bhaktAmara stotra kA phala aneka prakAra se batAte haiM yathA-roga dUra honA, iSTa vastuoM kI prApti honA aadi| parantu jaina dharma vItarAgatA kA dharma hai| bhagavAna kI bhakti vItarAgatA prApta karane ke lie kI jAtI hai, apane nijI svArtha ke lie bhagavAna kI bhakti karanA, bhaktAmara stotra kA pATha karanA ucita nahIM hai| dharmadhyAna karanevAle bhaktoM ko sahaja hI laukika anukUlatAe~ milatI haiM aura vighna bAdhAe~ dUra hotI haiN| sacce bhakta laukika sukha ke lie bhaktAmara stotra kA pATha aura bhagavAna kI bhakti nahIM krte| jo laukika sukha ke lie bhagavAna kI bhakti karate haiM ve mUrkha haiN| jaise-kisAna dhAna ke lie khetI karatA hai, dhAna ke sAtha-sAtha use bhUsA apane Apa hI mila jAtA hai| yadi koI kisAna sirpha bhUsA prApta karane ke lie khetI karatA hai to vaha mUrkha samajhA jAtA hai| usI prakAra bhagavAna kI bhakti bhI vItarAgatA aura ratnatraya dharma prApta karane ke lie kI jAtI hai| mAnatuMga AcArya ne bhI pUrNa zraddhA ke sAtha bhagavAna kI bhakti meM lIna hokara bhaktAmara stotra kI racanA kI thii| ataH isa stotra kA uttama phala vItarAgatA prApta karanA hai| bhaktAmara stotra kA mahattva 1. isakA sabase adhika mahattva yaha hai ki yaha stotra digambara aura zvetAmbara donoM hI sampradAyoM meM samAnarUpa se pracalita hai| 2. yaha itanA adhika lokapriya hai ki isa stotra ke pratyeka padya ke pratyeka caraNa ko lekara ApadAnivAraNa aura samasyApUrti ke kAvya likhe jAte rahe haiM, vartamAna meM bhI likhe jA rahe haiN| 3. yaha stotra itanA adhika pracalita hai ki ise sabhI bhASAoM aura loka bhASAoM meM bhI likhA gayA hai| aMgrejI Adi aneka videzI bhASAoM meM bhI bhaktAmarastotra :: 97

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isakA anuvAda ho gayA hai| lagabhaga sau se adhika padyAnuvAda to bhArata kI vibhinna bhASAoM meM dekhe jA cuke haiN| 4. bhaktAmara stotra tIrthaMkara bhagavantoM kI stuti kA eka maMgalamaya prabhAvI pATha hai| isameM tIrthaMkara AdinAtha kI stuti kI gayI hai / 5. bhaktAmara stotra eka aisA stotra hai jisake pada-pada aura zabda - zabda meM bhakti rasa kA jharanA bahatA hai / yaha bhakta kI avyakta bhAvanAoM ko vyakta karanevAlA stotra hai / 6. bhaktistotra ke sAtha-sAtha mantrazAstra ke rUpa meM bhI isakA prabhAva, pratiSThA bahuta adhika hai / pratyeka stotra kI aMkita padAvalI ke varNa krama ke bIjAkSaroM ko, mantrazAstra kI sAraNI ke rUpa meM liyA gayA hai| 7. Aja se lagabhaga 200 se bhI adhika varSoM pUrva likhI huI bhaktAmara kI kRtiyA~ prApta huI haiM jinameM mantra, yantra, kathAe~ bhI dI gayI haiN| 8. vasantatilakA jaise geya chanda meM likhA gayA yaha 48 padyoMvAlA stotra hai / 9. lAkhoM zrAvaka pratidina bar3e hI zraddhAbhAva se isakA vAcana karate haiM / bhaktibhAva se 48 divasIya vidhAna bhI Ayojita hotA hai / 10. isake pratyeka padya meM upamA, utprekSA aura rUpaka alaMkAra kA samAveza kiyA hai| isakI bhASA sarala evaM bhAva gAmbhIrya hai / 11. bhaktAmara stotra ke 48 zlokoM meM 'ma', 'na', 'ta', 'ra' yaha cAra akSara pAe jAte haiN| inameM mantra zakti nihita hai| stotra kA mukhya viSaya AcArya mAnatuMga kI bhaktirasa se pUrNa 48 padyoMvAlI racanA hai bhaktAmara stotra / isakI mukhya viSayavastu isa prakAra hai 1. maMgalAcaraNa - prabhANA bhaktAmara-praNata- mauli-maNi-pra mudyotakaM dalita-pApa-tamo-vitAnam / samyak praNamya jina-pAda-yugaM yugAdAvAlambanaM bhava-jale patatAM janAnAm / / 1 / / isameM sabase pahale chanda meM maMgalAcaraNa karate hue Adima tIrthaMkara bhagavAna RSabhadeva kI stuti karate hue unheM praNAma kiyA gayA hai| AcArya mAnatuMga bhagavAna 98 :: pramukha jaina granthoM kA paricaya

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kI bhakti karate hue kahate haiM ki he prabhu, Apake caraNoM kA sparza hI prANiyoM ke pApoM kA nAza karanevAlA hai tathA jo bhakta ina caraNa-yugaloM kA sahArA lete haiM ve saMsAra-samudra se pAra ho jAte haiM / arthAt prabhu, ApakI bhakti bhakta ko amara banA detI hai| 2. stuti saMkalpa dUsare padya meM AcArya svayaM ko alpabuddhi vAlA sAmAnya vyakti batAte haiM aura samasta indroM dvArA pUjita prabhu AdinAtha kI stuti karane kA saMkalpa lete haiN| 3. laghutA kI abhivyakti jisa prakAra nAsamajha bAlaka candramA ke pratibimba ko jala meM dekhakara use pakar3ane kA prayAsa karatA hai, usI taraha maiM (AcArya mAnatuMga) alpabuddhi bhI ApakI stuti karane kA prayAsa kara rahA huuN| 4. avarNanIya jinavara guNa isa kAvya meM AcArya kahate haiM ki candramA kI kAnti ke samAna Apake ujjvala guNoM ko vyakta karane meM koI bhI samartha nahIM hai, svayaM bRhaspati guru bhI Apake guNoM ko vyakta nahIM kara sakate haiN| 5. bhakti kI zakti isa kAvya meM AcArya kahate haiM ki prabhu ke guNoM kA varNana karane meM maiM asamartha hU~, kintu bhaktivaza ApakI stuti kara rahA hU~, jisa prakAra durbala hiraNI vAtsalya ke kAraNa apane baccoM kI rakSA karane ke liye zaktizAlI zera se bhI lar3a jAtI hai| 6. stuti kA ekamAtra kAraNa bhakti isameM AcArya kahate haiM ki jisa prakAra basanta Rtu meM Ama kI maMjariyA~ khAkara koyala madhura svara meM bolatI hai, usI prakAra bhakti ke kAraNa hI maiM ApakI stuti kara rahA huuN| bhaktAmarastotra :: 99

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7. stuti kA phala prabhu, ApakI bhakti meM lIna hone se samasta prANiyoM ke aneka janmoM ke saMcita pApa-karma eka kSaNa meM hI naSTa ho jAte haiM, jaise- sUrya ke nikalate hI andhakAra naSTa ho jAtA hai| 8. prabhutA kA prabhAva he prabhu! Apake prabhAva se avazya hI yaha stotra sajjanoM ke mana ko Anandita karegA / 9. jinendra kA nAma hI pApanAzaka hai isa kAvya meM AcArya kahate haiM ki he prabhu! Apake stotra kI asIma zakti to adbhuta aura apUrva hai / samasta pApoM kA nAza karane ke lie to zraddhA-bhaktipUrvaka liyA gayA ApakA nAma hI kAphI hai arthAt Apake nAma ke uccAraNa mAtra se samasta pApoM kA nAza ho jAtA hai| 10 samasta guNoM kI prApti bhakti kA udAra phala batAte hue AcArya kahate haiM ki he prabhu! Apake kSamA, zIla, satya Adi aneka guNoM kI stuti karanevAlA mAnava bhI svayaM una guNoM ko jIvana dhAraNa karake Apake samAna mahAna bana jAtA hai / 11. parama darzanIya sukha he prabhu! ApakA alaukika saundarya apalaka dekhane yogya hai, Apako dekha lene mAtra se santoSa sukha prApta hotA hai, aba kisI ora ko dekhane kI icchA hI nahIM rahatI hai| 12. anupama saundarya AcArya kahate haiM ki he trilokInAtha! ApakA saundarya adbhuta anupama hai, saMsAra ke samasta zAnta - sundara - manohara paramANuoM se ApakA divya zarIra banA huA hai| 100 :: pramukha jaina granthoM kA paricaya

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13. sUrya kI upamA AcArya prabhu ke mukhamaMDala ko jagata kI sundara se sundara upamA dete haiM, jaise- sUrya kii| kintu vaha upamA bhI kama lagatI hai, kyoMki prabhu to kevalajJAna rUpI sUrya ke rUpa meM anupama prabhAvazAlI haiN| 14. lokavyApI guNa prabhu ke ananta jJAna, darzana Adi nirmala guNa tInoM lokoM meM sarvatra vyApta haiM, sarvatra prabhu ke guNa gAye jAte haiN| 15. prabhu! acala merU samAna isa kAvya meM prabhu ko kAmavikAroM ko jItanevAlA batAyA hai, kyoMki prabhu acala merU samAna haiN| 16. apUrva dIpaka isa kAvya meM jinavara ko apUrva dIpaka kahA hai, kyoMki vaha dhuA~, battI, tela se rahita hai aura phira bhI tIna loka ko prakAzita karatA hai / 17. apUrva sUrya prabhu! Apa sUrya se bhI adhika prabhAvazAlI ho / Apa kevalajJAna rUpI prakAza se sampUrNa jagata ko prakAzita karanevAle ho / 18. adbhuta candramA he prabhu! ApakA mukhamaMDala eka adbhuta candramA hai, kyoMki vaha samasta jagata kA ajJAna-moharUpa andhakAra naSTa kara detA hai, jaise candramA andhakAra naSTa kara detA hai / Apake mukha-candra kI kAnti ananta hai, samasta jagata ko prakAzita karanevAlI hai / isalie ApakA mukha eka apUrva candra- bimba hai / 19. sUrya candra kI anupayogitA prabhu kA mukhacandra andhakAra kA nAzaka aura samasta jagata ko prakAzita karanevAlA hai, ata: sUrya aura candramA kI AvazyakatA hI nahIM rahatI hai, kyoMki prabhu sUrya candra se bhI adhika prakAzayukta haiM / bhaktAmara stotra :: 101

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20. adbhuta jJAna bhagavAna nirmala aura sampUrNa AtmajJAna se suzobhita haiM, unake jaisA jJAna jagata meM kisI anya deva meM dikhAI nahIM detA / 21. santoSa pradAtA he bhagavAna! saMsAra meM Apase bar3hakara parama zAnta vItarAga deva anya koI nahIM hai, Apa sarvotkRSTa haiN| Apako dekhane mAtra se hRdaya zraddhA se pUrNa santuSTa ho gayA hai| 22. mahAna jananI he bhagavAna! Apako janma denevAlI mAtA adbhuta hai, apUrva hai, jinhoMne Apake samAna mahApratApI putraratna ko janma diyA hai| 23. mArgadarzaka AcArya kahate haiM ki he prabhu! Apa rAga-dveSa ke mala se rahita haiN| Apa mukti ke mArga ke patha-pradarzaka haiM / ApakI bhakti hI mokSamArga hai / 24 se 25. sahasranAma dhAraka ina donoM kAvyoM meM bhagavAna ko aneka nAmoM se sambodhita kiyA hai ki Apa hI Izvara, brahmA, viSNu, maheza aura puruSottama haiN| 26. namaskAra isa kAvya meM tIna loka ke janma- jarA mRtyu rUpa saMsAra - samudra ko naSTa karanevAle bhUmaMDala ke nirmala bhUSaNa paramezvara ko namaskAra kiyA hai| 27. sadguNoM ke bhaNDAra he prabhu! saMsAra meM jitane sadguNa haiM, ve sabhI Apa meM Azraya pA cuke haiM, arthAt saMsAra ke samasta sadguNa Apa meM vidyamAna haiM, tathA jo Apa se vimukha (dUra) haiM ve AsurI vRttiyoM ke kAraNa sabhI durguNoM ke kendra bana gaye haiM / 102 :: pramukha jaina granthoM kA paricaya

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28 se 35. ATha prAtihAryoM kA varNana ina ATha kAvyoM meM azoka vRkSa, siMhAsana, ca~vara, chatra, dundubhi, puSpavRSTi, bhAmaMDala aura divyadhvani - ina ATha prAtihAryoM kA varNana kiyA hai| kyoMki tIna loka ke nAtha jisa samavazaraNa meM virAjate haiM, vahA~ ye ATha prAtihArya hote haiM / azoka vRkSa ke nIce jinendra deva kI AkRti divya siMhAsana para divya aura manohArI dikhAI detI hai| tIna chatra aura donoM ora do ca~vara zobhita hote haiM / devagaNa divya puSpoM se puSpavRSTi karate haiM / aneka sUryoM se bhI adhika prabhAvazAlI ApakA AbhAmaMDala ( mukha kA teja) dikhAI detA hai / samavazaraNa ke samasta jIvoM ko apanI-apanI bhASA meM divya dhvani (upadeza) sunAI detA hai| 36. svarNa kamaloM kI racanA bhagavAna kA jahA~-jahA~ vihAra hotA hai, vahA~-vahA~ devagaNa suvarNamaya kamaloM kI divya racanA karate jAte haiM / 37. advitIya - vibhUti prabhu kA jaba dharmopadeza hotA hai taba vahA~ advitIya divya vibhUtiyA~ hotI haiM arthAt aneka Azcarya, atizaya hote haiM / 38 se 46. bhaya nivAraka ina ATha kAvyoM meM AcArya kahate haiM ki he jinendra deva, Apake bhakta sadaiva sabhI bhayoM se mukta rahate haiM / 1. Apake zaraNa meM rahanevAle bhakta ko madonmatta hAthiyoM se koI bhaya nahIM hotA hai / 2. Apake bhakta bhayaMkara zeroM ke bhaya se mukta rahate haiM / 3. sampUrNa vizva ko bhasma kara denevAle pracaNDa dAvAnala bhI Apake nAma lene mAtra se zAnta ho jAtA hai 1 4. ApakA bhakta sadA sarpa ke bhaya se mukta rahatA hai I 5. ApakA nAma lene mAtra se Apake bhakta ke samasta zatru ( raNakSetra ke zatru) bhAga jAte haiM / ApakA bhakta zatru se mukta ho jAtA hai / bhaktAmara stotra :: 103

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6. ApakA bhakta yuddha meM vijaya prApta karatA hai| 7. ApakA bhakta bhayaMkara samudra meM pha~sa jAtA hai to Apake nAma ke smaraNa mAtra se vaha sukhapUrvaka taTa para pahu~ca jAtA hai arthAt Apake bhakta jala ke samasta bhaya se mukta ho jAte haiN| 8. aneka rogoM se grasta vyakti jaba ApakI caraNaraja ko mAthe para lagAtA hai Apake caraNoM kI dhali zarIra para lagAne se sabhI roga dUra ho jAte haiM arthAt jaba bhakta ApakI zraddhA se bhakti karatA hai to vaha svastha aura nIroga ho jAtA hai| 47. sampUrNa bhaya nivAraka he prabhu, Apake stotra mAtra ko par3hane se ApakA bhakta sabhI bhayoM aura bandhanoM se mukta ho jAtA hai| 48. mokSa prApti sabase anta meM AcArya kahate haiM ki he prabhu, maiMne ApakI bhaktipUrvaka Apake guNoM kI stotra rUpI mAlA racI hai, jo bhI puruSa ise kaMThastha kara nirantara pATha karegA, vaha sammAna ko prApta kara mokSa lakSmI avazya prApta kregaa| isa prakAra AcArya mAnatuMga kI bhaktirasa se otaprota yaha amRtakRti 'bhaktAmara stotra' hai| zraddhA sahita jo bhI manuSya isakA pATha karate haiM vaha avazya hI saMsAra ke dukhoM se dUra hote haiM aura unheM nizcaya hI mokSa lakSmI (mokSa-sukha) prApta hotI hai| 104 :: pramukha jaina granthoM kA paricaya

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ratnakaraNDa zrAvakAcAra grantha ke nAma kA artha 'ratnakaraNDa' nAma kA artha hai-'ratnoM kA karaNDa arthAt ratnoM kA pittaaraa'| zrAvakAcAra arthAt zrAvaka kA AcAra, zrAvaka ke karane yogya kaary| isa grantha meM samyagdarzana, samyagjJAna aura samyakcAritra-ina tIna anamola ratnoM ko samajhAyA hai| jaise-puruSa ko jaba ratnoM kI prApti ho jAtI hai, taba vaha khuza ho jAtA hai, use sAMsArika sukha kI prApti ho jAtI hai| ThIka usI prakAra jaba bhavya prANI ina tIna ratnoM, samyagdarzana-samyagjJAna-samyakcAritra ko jIvana meM dhAraNa karatA hai, to use mokSa-sukha kI prApti ho jAtI hai| isalie isa grantha ko ratnoM kA piTArA kahA jAtA hai| kyoMki isameM zrAvaka ke AcAra aura siddhAnta batAe gaye haiM, ataH 'ratnakaraNDa zrAvakAcAra' nAma ucita evaM sArthaka pratIta hotA granthakAra kA paricaya ratnakaraNDa zrAvakAcAra ke lekhaka AcArya samantabhadra svAmI haiN| inakA samaya dUsarI zatAbdI mAnA jAtA hai| pratibhAzAlI AcAryoM, vidvAnoM evaM mahAtmAoM meM ApakA sthAna bahuta U~cA hai| Apako sabhI loga 'svAmI' kahate the, kyoMki Apa vidvAnoM, yogiyoM, tyAgI aura tapasviyoM ke dvArA bhI sammAnanIya the| Apake dvArA racita nimna grantha Aja upalabdha haiM 1. stutividyA, 2. yuktyanuzAsana, 3. svayambhU stotra, 4. devAgama stotra (AptamImAMsA), 5. ratnakaraNDa shraavkaacaar| ratnakaraNDa zrAvakAcAra:: 105

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grantha kA mahattva jaina sAhitya meM lAkhoM grantha haiN| unameM se 10-20 grantha aise haiM, jo jaina darzana ke mUla AdhAra stambha haiN| ratnakaraNDa zrAvakAcAra unameM se eka hai| jaina sAhitya kA jo vizAla bhavana khar3A huA hai, usameM 10-15 granthoM ke sAtha ratnakaraNDa zrAvakAcAra grantha bhI usa vizAla bhavana kI nIMva hai| isa grantha kI aneka vizeSatAe~ haiM, jinake kAraNa yaha grantha bahuta hI lokapriya aura prasiddha hai| jaise 1. zrAvakAcAra sambandhI granthoM meM yaha grantha sabase pahalA, sabase sarala evaM prasiddha grantha hai| isI grantha ko AdhAra banAkara zrAvakAcAra sambandhI anya granthoM kI racanA kI gayI hai| sarala bhASA meM kaha sakate haiM ki ratnakaraNDa zrAvakAcAra grantha per3a kI jar3a ke rUpa meM hai| anya zrAvakAcAra ke grantha jaise-puruSArthasiddhayupAya, vasunandi zrAvakAcAra, amitagati zrAvakAcAra, dharmAmRta isa per3a kI (grantha kI) zAkhAe~, patte, phUla aura phala haiN| 2. jagata meM eka bhI aisA jaina mandira nahIM hogA jahA~ yaha grantha upalabdha na ho arthAt ratnakaraNDa zrAvakAcAra grantha hara mandira kI zobhA hai| jaise phUla ke binA udyAna suzobhita nahIM hotA, usI taraha isa grantha ke binA jinamandira suzobhita nahIM hotA hai| 3. Aja se saikar3oM sAla pahale jaba chapAI aura presa kA kAma nahIM thA, taba bhI loga isa grantha kI hastalikhita pratiyoM se isakA svAdhyAya karate the| 4. Aja bhI pratyeka jaina mandiroM meM, sabhAoM meM, saMgoSThiyoM meM aura vidvAnoM kI carcA meM isa grantha kA svAdhyAya, vAcana evaM pAThana Adi hotA rahatA hai| 5. mahArASTra aura karnATaka meM loga isa grantha kA svAdhyAya karane aura Ananda lene ke lie hindI sIkhate the| 6. deza-videza kI lagabhaga sabhI bhASAoM meM isa grantha kA anuvAda kiyA gayA hai| ___7. yaha grantha bahuta sarala evaM saMkSipta hai| isameM mAtra 150 zlokoM meM pare zrAvakAcAra kA varNana kiyA gayA hai| 8. bhASA zailI kI dRSTi se bhI yaha grantha sarala hai| isake zlokoM meM bahuta sundara komalakAnta padAvalI aura lalita zabdAvalI meM gambhIra arthoM kA prayoga huA hai| 106 :: pramukha jaina granthoM kA paricaya

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9. sallekhanA viSaya ke Upara jitanI sundara, gambhIra, gaharI aura sarala bAta isa grantha meM AI hai vaha anyatra dekhane ko nahIM miltii| yahI kAraNa hai ki jahA~ para bhI sallekhanA viSaya para goSThiyA~, carcA aura seminAra Ayojita hote haiM, sabhI vidvAna isa grantha kA varNana avazya karate haiM / yadi usa samaya ratnakaraNDa zrAvakAcAra grantha kA ullekha nahIM ho to lekha, zodhapatra Adi apUrNa mAne jAte haiN| 10. yaha grantha ratnoM kA piTArA hai / jaise - eka peTI meM ratna hone se vaha amUlya ho jAtI hai| vaise hI yaha grantha samyagdarzana, samyagjJAna evaM samyakcAritra rUpa tIna ratnoM se suzobhita hone ke kAraNa jaina darzana meM atulanIya evaM amUlya hai| 11. prAyaH dekhA jAtA hai ki sabase pahale jo kAma kiyA jAtA hai, vaha jyAdA acchA nahIM ho paataa| bAda meM usameM sudhAra aura saMzodhana kiyA jAtA hai| parantu yaha grantha isa bAta kA apavAda hai| zrAvakAcAra sambandhI yaha sabase pahalA grantha hai, phira bhI yaha mahAna, bejor3a evaM anUThA grantha hai / Aja bhI isake jaisA zrAvakAcAra sambandhI dUsarA grantha upalabdha nahIM hai / 12. isa grantha kI sabase bar3I vizeSatA yaha hai ki isameM hara mahattvapUrNa bindu ko kathA evaM kahAnI ke dvArA samajhAyA gayA hai, jisase yaha zrAvakoM ke lie rucikara evaM sarala ho jAtA hai / samyagdarzana ke ATha aMga, pA~ca aNuvrata Adi ko sarala kathAoM ke dvArA samajhAyA gayA hai| 13. aNuvrata, guNavrata aura zikSAvrata kA mahattva batAkara ina vratoM ke pAlana meM kauna-kauna jIva prasiddha huA hai, usako puNya kA phala kaise prApta hotA hai, ye saba bAteM isameM batalAI gayI haiN| sAtha-sAtha ina vratoM ke pA~ca-pA~ca aticAroM kA varNana bhI kiyA hai| vratoM meM doSa lagAne se kyA gati prApta hotI hai| kucha kathAoM ke dvArA yaha bhI samajhAyA gayA hai| 14. caraNAnuyoga kA yaha bahuta sundara evaM prAmANika grantha hai / saMkSepa meM hama itanA hI kaha sakate haiM ki yaha grantha ratnoM kA karaNDa (piTArA ) hai / jo bhI zrAvaka isakA svAdhyAya karake isake ratnoM ko jIvana meM svIkAra karake AtmasAta karegA use avazya saMsAra ke sukha-vaibhava ke sAtha 'mokSa' kI bhI prApti hogI / grantha kA mukhya viSaya ratnakaraNDa zrAvakAcAra meM mukhyataH 3 adhikAra haiM / gauNa rUpa se kinhIM-kinhIM AcAryoM ne 5 yA 7 adhikAra bhI kie haiN| sampUrNa sAta adhikAra kula milAkara 150 zlokoM meM nibaddha haiM / ratnakaraNDa zrAvakAcAra :: 107

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maMgalAcaraNa sabase pahale AcArya samantabhadra svAmI ne maMgalAcaraNa meM vItarAga evaM sarvajJa zrI vardhamAna svAmI ko bhaktipUrvaka praNAma kiyA hai| usake bAda unhoMne dharma kI paribhASA dete hue kahA hai ki 'jo jIvoM ko dukhoM se uThAkara sukha meM rakha de, vaha samIcIna dharma hai / ' isa prakAra AcArya ne sarala zabdoM meM yahI likhA ki jo jIvoM ko uttama sukha meM sthApita kare, vaha ' samIcIna' dharma hai / dharma kI yaha paribhASA bahuta prasiddha hai| sabhI jagaha yaha paribhASA samajhAI hai| bahuta se granthoM meM isa paribhASA kA ullekha kiyA jAtA hai| 1 samantabhadra svAmI vyakti para nahIM, viSaya para mahattva dete the / yaha unake krAntikArI vicAra the / AcArya Age kahate haiM ki vaha samIcIna dharma samyagdarzana, samyagjJAna evaM samyakcAritra--ina tInoM kI ekatA se hotA hai| 1. samyagdarzana adhikAra samyagdarzana, samyagjJAna aura samyakcAritra hI dharma hai / ina tInoM ke viparIta jo mithyAdarzana, mithyAjJAna aura mithyAcAritra haiM, ve tInoM saMsAra meM bhaTakAne ke kAraNa haiN| paribhASA : 'sacce deva, zAstra aura guru kA saccA zraddhAna karanA hI samyagdarzana hai / ' saccA deva vaha hotA hai, jo sarvajJa ho, hitopadezI ho aura aThAraha doSoM se rahita ho| vaha dharma kI zikSA aura upadeza denevAlA hotA hai / saccA Agama (zAstra) vaha hotA hai, jo sarvajJa vItarAga bhagavAna dvArA kahe gaye yathArtha vastu svarUpa kA upadeza detA hai / vaha Agama sabhI prakAra ke virodha se rahita hotA hai| sArvajanika hotA hai| saccA guru vaha hotA hai, jo samasta Arambha aura parigraha se rahita hotA hai, pA~coM indriyoM ke viSayoM se dUra rahatA hai aura sadA jJAna, dhyAna aura tapa meM lIna rahatA hai| isa prakAra jo ina sacce deva, zAstra aura guru kA zraddhAna karatA hai, samyagdarzana ke ATha aMgoM ko dhAraNa karatA hai aura 25 doSoM se dUra rahatA hai, vaha samyagdRSTi hotA hai| 108 :: pramukha jaina granthoM kA paricaya

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samyagdarzana ke aMga samyagdarzana ke ATha aMga hote haiM___1. sacce deva, zAstra aura guru kI zraddhA rakhanA, unameM zaMkA nahIM karanA niHzaMkita aMga hai| 2. dharma ke phala meM aura indriyoM ke viSayoM meM sukha kI icchA nahIM rakhanA, niHkAMkSita aMga hai| 3. vItarAgI guru ke rogAdi se malina zarIra ko dekhakara anAdara bhAva na rakhakara unake guNoM se prIti rakhanA nirvicikitsA aMga hai| ____4. mithyAdRSTi devAdi kI mana, vacana, kAya se prazaMsA nahIM karanA amUr3hadRSTi aMga hai| ___5. jJAnI puruSoM, sAdharmI jIvoM ke doSoM ko chipAne kA nAma upagUhana aMga 6. dharma se vicalita kisI dharmAtmA ko upadeza dekara phira se dharma meM sthira karanA sthitIkaraNa hai| 7. vItarAgI guru ke prati Adara bhAva rakhanA aura unakI sevA karanA vAtsalya aMga hai| 8. jina dharma ke mahattva ko prakAzita karanA prabhAvanA aMga hai| samyagdarzana ko dhAraNa karanevAle zrAvaka tIna mUr3hatA, ATha mada, chaha anAyatana aura samyagdarzana ke ATha doSoM kA pUrNa tyAga kara detA hai| isalie vaha zuddha samyagdRSTi hotA hai| tIna mUr3hatA samyagdRSTi jIva ina tIna mUr3hatAoM se sadA dUra rahatA hai 1. apanI icchA pUrI karane ke lie kudevoM kI sevA karanA devamUr3hatA hai| 2. kudharma kA sevana karanevAle guru ke vacanoM ko mAnanA gurumUr3hatA hai| 3. nadI, samudra meM snAna karane, reta kA Dhera lagAne Adi meM dharma mAnanA evaM parvata evaM agni meM gira jAne meM dharma mAnanA lokamUr3hatA hai| ATha mada mada arthAt ghmnndd| zrAvakoM ko pUjA, ucca kula, ucca jAti, bala, Rddhi, tapa ratnakaraNDa zrAvakAcAra:: 109

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aura sundara zarIra ina ATha kA mada nahIM karanA caahie| samyagdRSTi jIva ina ATha cIjoM ke hone para bhI ghamaNDa nahIM karatA hai / vaha sadA ina ATha madoM se dUra rahatA hai| chaha anAyatana samyagdRSTi jIva kuguru, kudeva aura kudharma ko nahIM mAnatA hai, aura na hI ina tInoM ko mAnanevAloM kI sevA karatA hai| ATha doSa samyagdarzana ke ATha guNoM ke viparIta AcaraNa karanA ATha doSa haiN| nirdoSa samyagdarzana kA pAlana karanevAlA zrAvaka ina doSoM kA tyAga kara detA hai / vaha sirpha samyagdarzana ke ATha aMgoM ko hI dhAraNa karatA hai / jo zrAvaka samyagdarzana ko dhAraNa kara letA hai, use samasta laukika vaibhava svayaM hI prApta ho jAte haiM, parantu vaha laukika vaibhava kI icchA nahIM karatA hai / samyagdarzana kI mahimA isa grantha meM samyagdarzana kI aparampAra mahimA batAI gayI hai| yU~ to isakI mahimA avarNanIya hai, parantu saMkSepa meM samyagdarzana kI mahimA ke mahattvapUrNa bindu yahA~ hama Apako batAte haiM, kyoMki yaha bahuta mahattvapUrNa viSaya hai| 1. jisa prakAra bIja ke binA kisI vRkSa kI utpatti nahIM hotI hai, usameM phala, phUla, aura patte bhI nahIM A sakate hai; usI prakAra samyagdarzana ke binA samyagjJAna aura samyakcAritra kI utpatti nahIM ho sakatI hai / ratnatraya meM vRddhi aura mokSa prApti samyagdarzana ke binA nahIM ho sakatI / ataH jJAna aura cAritra kI apekSA samyagdarzana adhika zreSTha hai| 2. jaina darzana meM gRhatyAgI muni kA sthAna gRhastha se adhika U~cA hotA hai / parantu jo gRhastha samyagdarzana dhAraNa karatA hai, unakA sthAna una gRhatyAgI munirAja ke Upara hotA hai, jo samyagdarzana se sampanna nahIM hote haiM / arthAt mohI muni se nirmohI gRhastha jyAdA zreSTha hotA hai / 3. tInoM kAloM aura tInoM lokoM meM samyagdarzana hI kalyANa karanevAlA hotA hai| sabhI jIvoM kA hita samyagdarzana ke kAraNa hI hotA hai| 4. samyagdarzana ke prabhAva se jIva yadi sabhI vratoM kA pAlana nahIM bhI karatA 110 :: pramukha jaina granthoM kA paricaya

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hai taba bhI use narakagati aura tiryaMcagati prApta nahIM hotI hai| vaha kabhI napuMsaka aura vikRta aMgavAlA bhI nahIM hotaa| vaha strI paryAya aura nIcakula meM bhI janma nahIM letaa| alpAyu aura daridratA bhI use prApta nahIM hotI hai| 5. samyagdarzana se jinakI AtmA pavitra hotI hai, ve jIva mAnava-tilaka aura puruSaziromaNi bana jAte haiN| vaha bahuta hI ojasvI, tapasvI, vidyAvAna, buddhivAna, balavAna, yazasvI aura dhanavAna bana jAte haiN| ve sadA ucca kula meM janma lete haiM, aura sukha, samRddhi, vaibhava, aizvarya se sampanna hote haiN| ____7. samyagdRSTi jIva yadi marakara deva paryAya ko prApta hote haiM, to bhI ve bhavanavAsI, vyantaravAsI aura jyotiSka devoM meM janma nahIM lete, kevala svarga meM ucca jAti ke deva (vaimAnika) hI hote haiN| samyagdarzana kI yaha bahuta bar3I mahimA 8. samyagdarzana hone ke bAda jIva kI sabase bar3I viziSTa avasthA yaha hotI hai ki jIva cakravartI, kAmadeva, tIrthaMkara, nArAyaNa aura balabhadra Adi vizeSa uccapada prApta karatA hai| loka meM sarvazreSTha ucca pada tIrthaMkara pada prApta karane ke bAda jIva zivapada arthAt mokSa ko prApta ho jAtA hai| isa prakAra isa grantha meM samyagdarzana kI viziSTa mahimA batAI hai| yadi jIva samyagdarzana ko dhAraNa kara letA hai, to vaha avazya hI saMsAra samudra ko pAra kara mokSa mahala ko prApta kara letA hai, kyoMki samyagdarzana kalyANa karanevAlA aura mokSa denevAlA hai| 2. samyagjJAna adhikAra paribhASA : samyagjJAna vaha hai jo vastu ke svarUpa ko paripUrNa arthAt acchI taraha se jAnatA hai| vaha vastu ke yathArtha svarUpa ko kabhI kama yA kabhI adhika nahIM jaantaa| samyagjJAna ko hama ina cAra anuyogoM dvArA jAna sakate haiN| 1. prathamAnuyoga- prathamAnuyoga meM dharma, artha, kAma, mokSa, cAroM puruSArthoM kA varNana hotA hai| purANa, mahApurANa Adi caritra granthoM ko prathamAnuyoga kahA jAtA hai| cakravartI, nArAyaNa, pratinArAyaNa aura tIrthaMkaroM ke caritra kA varNana prathamAnuyoga meM kiyA jAtA hai| jaise-AdipurANa, harivaMza purANa aura padmapurANa aadi| 2. karaNAnuyoga- karaNAnuyoga ke granthoM meM chaha kAla, kAla-parivartana ratnakaraNDa zrAvakAcAra :: 111

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tathA cAroM gatiyoM ke bhramaNa Adi viSayoM kA varNana AtA hai| jaise-kaSAyapAhuDa, SaTkhaNDAgama, gommaTasAra grantha aadi| ___3. caraNAnuyoga- caraNAnuyoga ke granthoM meM muni aura gRhastha ke AcaraNa kA varNana hotA hai| muni aura gRhastha nirdoSa AcaraNa kI vRddhi aura usakI rakSA kaise kareM, isakA varNana caraNAnuyoga meM kiyA jAtA hai| jaise-ratnakaraNDa zrAvakAcAra, puruSArthasiddhayupAya,dharmAmRta aadi| ___4. dravyAnuyoga- dravyAnuyoga ke granthoM meM sAtoM tattvoM kA, pApa-puNya ke svarUpa kA varNana kiyA jAtA hai| jaise-dravyasaMgraha, tattvArthasUtra, samayasAra aadi| 3. samyakcAritra ke antargata aNuvrata adhikAra paribhASA : jaba samyagdarzana aura samyagjJAna prApta ho jAte haiM, usake bAda rAga-dveSa ko dUra karane ke lie jo vrata dhAraNa kie jAte haiM use samyakcAritra kahate haiN| hiMsA, jhUTha, corI, kuzIla aura parigraha ye pA~ca pApa haiM, inakA pUrI taraha se tyAga karanA hI samyagjJAnI kA cAritra hai| samyakcAritra ke vyavahAra se do bheda haiN| eka munirAja kA cAritra aura dUsarA gRhastha kA caaritr| jisa cAritra kA pAlana munirAja karate haiM use sakala cAritra kahate haiM aura jisa cAritra kA gRhastha pAlana karate haiM use vikala cAritra kahate haiN| jo gRhastha pApoM se Darate haiM, jinavacanoM para pUrNa zraddhA rakhate haiM, ve isa cAritra ko aNuvrata, guNavrata aura zikSAvrata ke rUpa meM pAlana karate haiN| aNuvrata hiMsA, jhUTha, corI, kuzIla aura parigraha-ina pA~ca sthUla pApoM kA tyAga karanA aNuvrata hai| pA~ca aNuvrata ke pA~ca-pA~ca aticAra hote haiM, jinakA aba varNana kara rahe haiN| aticAra arthAt vrata meM doSa lgaanaa| aNuvratoM ke pA~ca-pA~ca aticAra 1. manuSya yA tiryaMcoM ke aMgoM ko chedanA, unheM piMjare meM DAlanA, kaida karanA, mAranA, kATanA, kaSTa denA, zakti se adhika bhAra lAdanA aura khAne-pIne se rokanA yA kama denA ahiMsAvrata ke doSa haiN| 2. kisI vyakti ke cAritra ke sambandha meM mithyopadeza denA, gupta bAtoM ko prakaTa karanA, kisI kI cugalI karanA, usakI kamajorI sabako batAnA, . 112 :: pramukha jaina granthoM kA paricaya

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khoTe kAgaja patra taiyAra karanA, nakalI noTa, mohara Adi banAnA aura kisI vyakti dvArA giravI rakhI huI sampadA ko barAbara na dekara kama denA satyavrata ke aticAra haiN| 3. dUsaroM ko corI karane kI preraNA denA, corI kI prazaMsA karanA. corI ke dhana ko kama mUlya ke lobha se cora se lenA, anucita rIti se dhana kamAnA, asalI vastuoM meM nakalI vastue~ milAkara dUsaroM ko ThaganA aura bA~Ta, tarAjU Adi kama yA adhika parimANa ke rakhanA Adi kAryoM se acaurya vrata meM doSa lagatA hai| 4. rAga ke kAraNa dUsaroM ke putra-putriyoM kA vivAha karanA, kAma ke aMgoM ko chor3akara anya aMgoM se krIr3A karanA, mana-vacana-kAya se kuzIla kA pAlana karanA, kAmasevana kI adhika lAlasA rakhanA aura vyabhicAriNI striyoM kI saMgati rakhanA-ye pA~ca brahmacarya vrata ke doSa haiN| 5. AvazyakatA se adhika vAhanoM kA prayoga karanA, adhika lAbha kI icchA se adhika dhana saMgraha karanA, lAbha hote hue bhI adhika lAbha kI lAlasA rakhanA, vyApArAdi meM dUsaroM ke adhika lAbha se IrSyA dveSa karanA lobha ke vaza kisI para zakti yA nyAya se adhika bhAra lAdanA-ye parigrahaparimANa vrata ke doSa haiN| ina pA~ca aNuvratoM ke sAtha madya, mAMsa, madhu ke tyAga ko zrAvaka ke aSTa mUlaguNa kahate haiN| 4. guNavrata adhikAra guNavrata arthAt aNuvrata ke sAtha aura adhika vratoM kA pAlana karate hue mUlaguNoM kA pAlana krnaa| isa adhikAra meM digvrata, anarthadaNDavrata aura bhogopabhoga parimANavrata ko samajhAyA hai| ina tIna vratoM ko guNavrata kahate haiM, kyoMki zrAvaka jaba ATha mUlaguNoM kI vRddhi karatA hai, taba ye vrata una guNoM kI vRddhi karate haiN| arthAt ina vratoM ke kAraNa mUlaguNoM meM zreSThatA AtI hai| ka. digvrata pahalA vrata hai, digvrt| digvrata arthAt dizAoM ke vrt| pUrva, pazcima, uttara, dakSiNa cAra dizAe~ tathA agni, naiRta, vAyavya, IzAna cAra vidizAe~, UrdhvadizA tathA adhodizA-ye dasa dizAe~ hotI haiN| ina dasoM dizAoM meM jAne kI eka ratnakaraNDa zrAvakAcAra :: 113

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nizcita sImA bA~dhanA, maryAdA karanA 'digvrata' hai / yaha digvrata maraNaparyanta taka ke lie liyA jAtA hai| yaha vrata sUkSma pApa ko rokane ke lie liyA jAtA hai / digvrata kI maryAdA karate samaya kisI nizcita yA prasiddha sthAna kA ullekha ho sakatA hai| jaise-- gaMgA nadI ke usa pAra nahIM jAnA, bhArata ke bAhara nahIM jAnA Adi / digvrata ke aticAra - dizAoM kI maryAdA lene ke bAda ajJAna se yA pramAda (Alasya) se kisI bhI dizA meM jAnA digvrata meM doSa lagAnA hai| AvazyakatA par3ane para kSetra kI sImA bar3hAnA yA pUrva meM lie gaye vrata ko bhUla jAnA digvrata ke doSa haiN| kha. anarthadaNDa vrata dUsarA vrata hai anarthadaNDavrata / anarthadaNDa arthAt vyartha meM doSa lagAnA / maryAdA ke bhItara ke kSetra meM bhI aise kArya karanA jinase apanA koI prayojana hI na ho / vyartha hI pApa karake daNDaM bhugatanA par3e vaha anarthadaNDa vrata hai| anarthadaNDavrata ke pA~ca prakAra haiM 1. pApa kI kriyAoM kA upadeza denA / 2. hiMsaka upakaraNa (pharasA, talavAra Adi) kisI ko dAna denA / 3. bandhana, mArane-pITane, dUsaroM kI parAjaya aura strI, dhana Adi ke bAre meM socnaa| dUsaroM kA vinAza ho aisA socanA / 4. jisase Arambha ho, hiMsA ho, mithyAtva ho, rAga-dveSa yA kaSAyoM kI vRddhi ho, aise khoTe zAstroM ko sunanA yA pddh'naa| 5. binA prayojana hiMsaka kArya karanA aura karAnA / 'anarthadaNDavrata' jaina dharma kI eka bahuta bar3I sundara avadhAraNA hai| ise acche se samajhane kI jarUrata hai| AcArya ise samajhAte hue kaha rahe haiM ki vyartha kA pApa mata kro| jitanI jarUrata ho, utanA hI upayoga kro| vyartha kI vastue~ naSTa na kro| isa vrata ko dhAraNa karane kI sabhI ko atyadhika AvazyakatA hai| cU~ki 90 pratizata vyakti vyartha ke kAmoM aura upadeza meM lage rahate haiN| kisI ko pApa kI kriyAoM kA upadeza bhI nahIM denA caahie| anarthadaNDavrata ke pA~ca aticAra 1. aziSTa, apazabda bolanA / 114 :: pramukha jaina granthoM kA paricaya

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2. zarIra dvArA nindanIya kArya karanA yA kisI ko hAni phuNcaanaa| 3. binA prayojana adhika bolnaa| 4. bhogopabhoga kI sAmagrI kA adhika saMgraha krnaa| 5. prayojana kA vicAra na karake kArya ko adhika rUpa meM krnaa| itanA upayogI, sarala aura sUkSma vrata hama avazya dhAraNa kara sakate haiN| ga. bhogopabhoga-parimANa vrata pA~coM indriyoM ke kAraNa jo rAga aura Asakti bhAva (adhika sneha) hai, use kama karane ke lie sImA bA~dhanA, sAdhana sImita karanA, bhogopabhoga parimANa nAma kA vrata hai| madya, mAMsa, madhu aura kandamUla Adi kA tyAga to avazya karanA hI caahie| yaha jainatva dhAraNa karane ke lie paramAvazyaka hai| bhoga- jo eka bAra bhoga karane ke bAda phira tyAgane yogya ho jAtA hai vaha bhoga hai| jaise-bhojana, pAna aadi| upabhoga- jo bhogane ke bAda phira bhogane yogya rahatA hai vaha upabhoga hai| yathA-vastra, AbhUSaNa, vaahnaadi| inakA tyAga do prakAra se kara sakate haiM-1. niyama dvArA, 2. yama dvaaraa| 1. kucha mahIne, sAla yA kucha ghaNToM kI maryAdA lekara vrata lenA niyama hai| 2. jIvana paryanta ke lie tyAga karanA yama hai| bhogopabhoga vrata kI AvazyakatA vartamAna meM bahuta adhika ho gayI hai| Aja vyakti kI icchA aura lAlasA itanI adhika bar3ha gayI hai ki vaha dina-rAta inake pIche hI bhAga rahA hai| eka makAna ke bAda dUsarA makAna, eka gAr3I ke bAda dUsarI gAr3I, kapar3oM kA Dhera, upayoga ke sAdhanoM kA asImita prayoga hI asantulita jIvana kA AdhAra hai| hama vrata lekara apane viSaya-bhoga ko sImita kara sakate haiN| 1. aisA sundara ghara banA lo, do-maMjilA oNphisa banA lo, dUsare ko dhokhA dekara Age bar3ha jaao| tumhAre sAtha usane aisA kiyA, tuma bhI aisA kro| AdiAdi... bAteM sunane meM AtI haiN| 2. hiMsaka vastue~ dUsaroM ko dete haiM, eka dUsaroM ko nIcA dikhAne meM loga prAyaH sAdhanoM kA upayoga kara rahe haiN| yahA~ taka ki bandUka, cAkU aura churI inakA kraya-vikraya kA pracalana bahuta bar3ha gayA hai| 3. Aja sabase bar3I samasyA hai, vastuoM kA sImita evaM sahI tarIke se ratnakaraNDa zrAvakAcAra :: 115

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prayoga na honA, unako vyartha hI naSTa krnaa| jaise-bijalI, pAnI, anna aura phala yaha saba AvazyakatA se adhika naSTa ho rahe haiN| loga apane svArtha kI pUrti ke kAraNa per3a aura jaMgala taka naSTa karate jA rahe haiN| isIlie Aja pRthvI bacAo, jala bacAo aura per3a bacAo Adi nAre die jA rahe haiN| Andolana kie jA rahe haiN| kyoMki vyakti ina sAdhanoM kA durupayoga kara rahe haiN| yadi 50 pratizata vyakti bhI anarthadaNDa vrata ko dhAraNa kara leM, to deza meM paryAvaraNa santulita ho sakatA hai| bhautika saMsAdhanoM kA saMrakSaNa ho sakatA hai| isa prakAra hama bhogopabhoga ke sAdhanoM ko sImita kara sakate haiN| bhogopabhoga-parimANa vrata ke aticAra 1. pA~coM indriyoM ke viSaya-bhogoM se rAga krnaa| 2. pUrva meM bhoge gae viSayoM ko bAra-bAra yAda rkhnaa| 3. vartamAna viSayoM meM adhika lAlasA rkhnaa| 4. bhaviSya meM viSayoM ko bhogane kI adhika icchA krnaa| 5. viSayoM kA bhoga na karate hue bhI bhogoM meM atyadhika Asakti rkhnaa| isa prakAra zrAvaka ko vartamAna samaya kI AvazyakatA ko dekhate hue aura dharma sthApanA ke lie ina tInoM guNavratoM kA pAlana avazya karanA caahie| 5. zikSAvrata adhikAra zikSAvrata ke antargata cAra vrata lie gaye haiM-dezAvakAzika, sAmAyika, proSadhopavAsa aura vaiyaavRty| ye cAra zikSAvrata zrAvaka ko muni banane kI zikSA dete haiM, isalie inheM zikSAvrata kahate haiN| ka. dezAvakAzika zikSAvrata zrAvaka ne pahale digvrata meM jo dizA, deza, sthAna ke vrata grahaNa kie the, jo deza aura kAla kI maryAdA nizcita kI thI, usa maryAdA ko kama karanA dezAvakAzika zikSAvrata hai| nimna kArya karane se isa vrata meM doSa lagate haiM, jinheM hama dezAvakAzika vrata ke aticAra kahate haiN| 116 :: pramukha jaina granthoM kA paricaya

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dezAvakAzika vrata ke aticAra 1. maryAdA ke bAhara vyApArAdi ke lie kisI vyakti ko patra yA sandeza bhejnaa| 2. maryAdA ke bAhara ke 3. sImA ke bAhara ke kSetra se vyakti, patra yA sandeza mNgaanaa| 4. maryAdA ke bAhara ke logoM ko apanI bAta izAroM dvArA samajhAnA | 5. vastuoM dvArA apanI upasthiti kA jJAna karAnA / kha. sAmAyika zikSAvrata samaya arthAt kAla, AcAra, siddhAnta Adi zabda hote haiM / yahA~ para 'samaya' kA artha AtmA se liyA hai| AtmA meM ekAgra honA hI saccA sAmayika yA sAmAyika hai| sAmAyika vrata kA bahuta sundara varNana isa grantha meM kiyA hai / sAmAyika kaba, kaise aura kitanI dera karanA caahie| sArI bAteM AcArya bahuta sarala tarIke se sundara zabdoM meM samajhAte hue kahate haiM ki 1. sabase pahale samasta Arambha aura parigraha se rahita honA caahie| usake bAda hiMsA Adi pA~ca pApoM kA tyAga mana, vacana aura kAya se karanA cAhie / 2. ekAnta sthAnoM meM (ghara, mandira, vana aura guphAdi) prasannacitta hokara mana sthira karake sAmAyika karanA caahie| sabhI kAryoM se, samasta Arambhaparigraha se chUTakara sAmAyika karanA cAhie / 3. sAmAyika meM dRr3hatA lAne ke lie upavAsa yA ekAzana ke sAtha sAmAyika karanA caahie| vyApAra Adi sarva kAryoM se mukta hokara sAmAyika karanA cAhie / 4. gRhastha zrAvaka ko Alasa se rahita hokara ekAgracitta hokara pratidina sAmAyika karanA caahie| 5. sAmAyika karate samaya jo bhI upasarga tathA parISaha (sardI-garmI, DAMsa, macchara) Ate haiM, unheM samatA bhAva se sahana karanA caahie| 6. sAmAyika karane se pA~coM vrata dRr3ha hote haiN| mana kI ekAgratA bar3hatI hai| 7. sAmAyika meM sthita hokara zrAvaka bAraha bhAvanAoM kA cintavana karatA rahatA hai| kSetra ke logoM se bAta karanA yA kArya krvaanaa| yahA~ bahuta sundara bAteM batAI haiM jaise sabase pahale yaha kahA hai ki mAtra bAharI jApa yA pratikramaNa karanA sAmAyika nahIM hai / sAmAyika ke samaya kisI ke prati rAga-dveSa nahIM rakhanA, indriya ratnakaraNDa zrAvakAcAra :: 117 *

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saMyama aura prANisaMyama kA pUrA pAlana karanA caahie| zubha bhAvanAoM ke lie azubha bhAva, krodha-mAna-mAyA-lobha Adi kaSAyoM aura Artta-raudra nAma ke khoTe dhyAnoM kA parityAga karanA hI sAmAyika hai| isalie sAmAyika karate samaya ina bAtoM kA dhyAna rakhanA caahie| * dUsarI vizeSa bAta yaha hai ki jo zrAvaka maunapUrvaka sAmAyika meM sthita ho jAtA hai, samasta upasargoM aura parISahoM ko samatA bhAva se sahana karatA hai, usa zrAvaka ko AcArya muni kI upamA dete haiN| kitanI bar3I bAta hai ki vastroM kA upasarga hote hue bhI usa zrAvaka ko muni jaisA batAyA hai, kyoMki vaha samasta Arambha-parigraha rahita aura parISahoM ko sahate hue apanI antarAtmA meM lIna ho jAtA hai| sAmAyika vrata ke aticAra 1. sAmAyika ke samaya vacanoM dvArA saMsAra sambandhI kArya krnaa| 2. zarIra ko hilAnA, DulAnA aura asaMyamita krnaa| 3. mana meM Artta-raudra Adi bhAvanAoM ko bAre meM socnaa| 4. sAmAyika ko utsAha rahita hokara nirAdara bhAva se krnaa| 5. sAmAyika meM deva vandana aura kAyotsarga Adi kriyAoM ko bhUla jaanaa| sAmAyika karate samaya yadi bicchu aura sA~pa bhI A jAe to, na kucha bolanA, na hilanA-DulanA, usa jIva ke prati dveSa kI bhAvanA bhI nahIM lAnA cAhie, jaldI-jaldI sAmAyika pUrI karake kucha kriyAoM ko chor3akara bhI nahIM uThanA caahie| tabhI sahI sAmAyika mAnI jAtI hai| ga. proSadhopavAsa zikSAvrata proSadha ke dina arthAt do aSTamI do caturdazI ke dinoM meM cAra prakAra ke AhAroM (anna, pAna, khAdya aura lehya) kA samyak icchApUrvaka dRr3hatA ke sAtha pUrNa rUpa se tyAga karanA proSadhopavAsa vrata hai| prAyaH dekhA jAtA hai ki Ajakala zrAvaka upavAsa apanI-apanI icchA anusAra kara rahe haiM, para vAstava meM upavAsa kisa prakAra karanA cAhie, yaha sarala tarIke se samajhA rahe haiM ki 1. upavAsa ke dina hiMsAdi pA~ca pApoM kA pUrNa tyAga karanA caahie| zarIra ke sAja, zRMgAra, atirikta gahane, maha~ge vastrAbhUSaNa, itra, candana, sAbuna, zaimpU, tela, kAjala aura davAI Adi kA tyAga karanA cAhie, kyoMki upavAsa dhArmika 118 :: pramukha jaina granthoM kA paricaya

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dRSTi se kiyA jAtA hai 2. svAsthya ke lie DAiTa karanA, bhUkhA rahanA aura anazana karanA upavAsa nahIM mAnA jAtA hai| upavAsa kA sahI artha hai - mana ko sabhI vikAroM se mukta karake AtmA kA dhyAna karanA / 3. upavAsa ke dina nidrA aura Alasya se dUra hokara dina bhara dhArmika kArya karanA caahie| granthoM kA svAdhyAya, bhajana aura kIrtana Adi karanA caahie| jJAna aura dhyAna meM lIna rahanA caahie| (TIvI dekhanA, ghUmanA, dina bhara sokara nikAlanA yA tAza khelanA-ye kArya upavAsa ke dina nahIM karanA cAhie / ) / 4. eka bAra kA bhojana 'ekAzana' kahalAtA hai| cAra prakAra ke AhAra kA tyAga 'upavAsa' hai| ataH proSadhopavAsa karate samaya cAroM prakAra ke bhojana kA tyAga karanA cAhie / bIca-bIca meM jala lenA, cAya-dUdha yA davAI lenA / anna kI jagaha kucha aura vastu yA phala Adi khAnA ye saba karane se upavAsa nahIM mAnA jAtA hai| ataH proSadhopavAsa karate samaya ina doSoM se bacanA caahie| upavAsa ke dina nimna kArya bhI nahIM karane cAhie, ye proSadhopavAsa vrata ke aticAra haiM proSadhopavAsa vrata ke aticAra 1. jIva-jantu ko dekhe binA kisI vastu ko grahaNa karanA / 2. binA dekhe hI pUjA, svAdhyAya ke upakaraNa rakhanA uThAnA / 3. dekhe - sodhe binA hI baiThane-sone ke lie Asana bichA denA / 4. upavAsa meM anAdara bhAva rakhanA yA utsAha rahita honA / 5. upavAsa ke dina kriyA, pATha Adi na karanA yA bhUla jAnA / isa prakAra ina doSoM ko ThIka taraha se jAnakara aura samajhakara hI hameM upavAsa karanA caahie| kisI ko dikhAne ke lie nahIM, hameM apanI sAdhanA aura dharma ke lie upavAsa karanA cAhie / gha. vaiyAvRtya zikSAvrata muniyoM kI sevA ko vaiyAvRtya kahate haiM / AhArAdi ke dAna ko bhI vaiyAvRtya kahate haiN| uttamapAtra ko dAna dene se bhogabhUmi ora devaloka ke bhoga, vaibhava, tIrthaMkara prakRti kA bandha, cakravartI pada aura nirvANapada prApta hotA hai / ratnakaraNDa zrAvakAcAra :: 119

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gRhasthI basAnA yA gRhastha meM rahanA khUna se snAna karane ke samAna hai, kyoMki usameM hama bahuta hiMsA karate haiN| ata: ina hiMsAdi doSoM ko kama karane ke lie pApoM ko kama karane ke lie hameM dAna denA caahie| dAna dene se pApa kama hote haiN| AhAradAna, auSadhidAna, upakaraNadAna aura AvAsadAna-ye cAra prakAra ke dAna haiN| hameM yathAzakti dAna avazya karanA caahie| atithi-saMvibhAga vaiyAvRtya ko hI atithi-saMvibhAga vrata bhI kahate haiN| vaiyAvRtya meM hI jinendra deva kI pUjA kA upadeza bhI diyA hai| gRhastha ko nitya hI jinendra pUjana karanA caahie| kyoMki jinendra-pUjA saba dukhoM ko haranevAlI hai| jinendra pUjA kAmadhenu ke samAna sukha denevAlI hai| jinapUjA ke prabhAva se meMDhaka bhI deva bana gayA hai| ___ jaina muni ko 'atithi' zabda denA jainadarzana kI mahattvapUrNa dena hai| jisake Ane kI koI tithi na ho vahI atithi hai| jisako nimantraNa nahIM diyA jAtA hai, jisakA AnA pUrva nirdhArita na ho, vahI atithi hai| yahI jaina muni kI vizeSatA hai| ataH jaina muni kI sevA karanA aura AhAra denA vaiyAvRtya hai| vaiyAvRtya ke aticAra 1. sacitta aura aprAsuka vastu AhAra meM denaa| 2. aprAsuka sacitta vastu hare patrAdika para rakhakara AhAra meM denaa| 3. dAna dene meM anAdara kA bhAva rkhnaa| 4. dAna vidhi meM bhUla ho jaanaa| 5. anya dAtAoM se IrSyA rkhnaa| __ isa prakAra zrAvaka ko cAra zikSAvratoM kA pAlana karanA cAhie aura ina vratoM meM koI doSa nahIM lagAnA caahie| 6. sallekhanA adhikAra 'sallekhanA' zabda jainadarzana kA vizeSa pAribhASika zabda hai, jo do zabdoM se milakara banA hai| sallekhanA = sat + lekhanA, jisakA artha hotA hai-samyak prakAra se kAya evaM kaSAyoM ko kRza (kama) krnaa| vRddha avasthA A jAne para, koI asAdhya roga ho jAne para yA dharma kI rakSA ke lie jo zarIra kA tyAga kiyA jAtA hai, use sallekhanA kahate haiN| 120 :: pramukha jaina granthoM kA paricaya

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jisane karor3oM varSoM taka tapa kiyA ho, kintu anta samaya meM yadi sallekhanA na le, to usakA tapa prazaMsA yogya nahIM hotA hai| isalie jitanI zakti ho, usake anusAra sallekhanA lene kA prayAsa karanA caahie| sallekhanA grahaNa karane ke pUrva moha, mAyA aura parigraha kA tyAga karake sabake prati kSamA bhAva grahaNa karanA caahie| svayaM sabako kSamA do, sabase kSamA mA~gakara kRta, kArita aura anumodanA se sabhI jIvoM ke prati kSamAbhAva dhAraNa karanA caahie| pUrva meM jo aparAdha kiyA ho athavA dUsaroM se karAyA ho, usa aparAdha ko niSkapaTa hokara vItarAgI guru se kahakara AlocanA karanA caahie| maraNaparyanta mahAvratoM ko grahaNa karanA caahie| samAdhi ke samaya dukha, cintA, bhaya, krodha aura vaira Adi bhAvoM ko chor3akara utsAha ke sAtha zAstra-jJAna ke dvArA mana ko prasanna karanA caahie| jo zrAvaka samAdhimaraNa karanA cAhatA hai, vaha krama se AhAra ko chor3akara sirpha dUdha le, phira dUdha ko bhI tyAga kara chAcha le, dhIre-dhIre chAcha ko bhI tyAgakara garma jala le, phira garma jala ko bhI chor3akara zakti anusAra upavAsa dhAraNa kre| paMcanamaskAra maMtra kA jApa karate hue zarIra kA tyAga karanA caahie| isa vidhi se samAdhimaraNa karanA caahie| adhika jIne kI icchA, zIghra marane kI icchA, bhaya, parivAra kI yAda evaM bhogoM kI icchA rakhanA sallekhanA vrata ke pA~ca aticAra haiN| zrAvaka ko sallekhanA lene ke bAda bhogoM kI icchA nahIM rakhanA caahie| jo prANI ratnatraya dharma ke sAtha sallekhanA grahaNa karatA hai, use dhana, sampadA, aizvarya aura sukha prApta hotA hai| vaha nizcita hI mokSa prApta karatA hai| 7. pratimA adhikAra tIrthaMkaroM ne zrAvaka dharma ke gyAraha sthAna batAye haiM, jinheM 'gyAraha pratimA' ke nAma se bhI jAnA jAtA hai| zrAvaka eka-eka pratimA letA hai, pahalI pratimA ke vrataniyama kA pAlana karate hue dUsarI pratimA letA hai| vrata aura niyamoM ko Age bar3hAte hue pratyeka pratimA ke sAtha hI Age bar3hatA jAtA hai| isa prakAra vaha kramazaH gyAraha pratimAe~ dhAraNa kara sakatA hai| 1. jo zrAvaka samyagdarzana se zuddha hai, saMsAra, zarIra aura bhogoM se virakta hai, paMcaparameSThI kI zaraNa meM hai, sAtoM tattvoM kA zraddhAna karanevAlA hai, vaha 'darzana ratnakaraNDa zrAvakAcAra :: 121

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pratimA' ko dhAraNa karanevAlA hotA hai| 2. jo zrAvaka pA~ca aNuvrata, tIna guNavrata aura cAra zikSAvratoM kA pAlana karatA hai, bAraha vratoM meM koI doSa nahIM lagAtA, vaha 'vrata pratimA' ko dhAraNa karanevAlA hotA hai| 3. pratidina tInoM sandhyAoM meM, Arambha - parigraha se rahita hokara eka kisI bhI Asana meM, sAmAyika karanevAle zrAvaka ko 'sAmAyika pratimA' hotI hai| 4. pratyeka mAha ke cAroM parva dinoM meM (pratyeka aSTamI - cartudazI ko ) jo zrAvaka apanI zakti anusAra zubha dhyAna meM lIna hokara proSadhopavAsa karatA hai, vaha 'proSadhopavAsa' nAmaka caturtha pratimA kA dhAraka hotA hai| 5. jo dayAlu zrAvaka kandamUla, phala aura sabjI, inako kacce nahIM khAtA, vaha ' sacittavirata' pada nAmaka pA~cavIM pratimA kA dhAraka hotA hai / 6. jo zrAvaka rAtri ke samaya cAra prakAra ke (anna, pAna, khAdya aura lehya) bhojya padArthoM kA tyAga karatA hai, vaha zrAvaka 'rAtribhuktivirakta' nAmaka chaThI pratimA kA dhAraka hotA hai| 1 7. jo zrAvaka zarIra ko azuddha mAnatA huA kAmabhAva se virakta ho jAtA hai, vaha zrAvaka 'brahmacarya' nAmaka saptama pratimA kA dhAraka hotA hai / 8. jo hiMsA ke kAraNa hai, aise vyApAra Adi ArambhoM kA tyAga karanevAlA zrAvaka 'ArambhatyAga' nAmaka aSTama pratimA kA dhArI hotA hai / I 9. jo zrAvaka daza prakAra ke bAhya parigraha ko chor3akara AtmA meM lIna rahatA hai, santoSa dhAraNa karatA hai, vaha 'parigraha - virata' nAmaka navama pratimA kA dhAraka hotA hai| 10. jo zrAvaka, nizcaya se Arambha - parigraha meM, laukika kAryoM meM anumati nahIM detA hai, vaha zrAvaka 'anumati - virata' nAmaka dazama pratimA kA dhAraka hotA hai| 11. jo zrAvaka samasta parigraha kA tyAga karake mandira meM jAkara yA guru ke samIpa vratoM ko grahaNa karatA hai, zuddha bhojana aura tapasyA karatA hai, zveta vastra pahanatA hai, vaha zrAvaka 'uddiSTa tyAga' gyArahavIM pratimA vrata kA pAlana karatA hai| ina gyAraha pratimAoM ko zrAvaka apanI zakti - anusAra grahaNa kara sakate haiN| jo puruSa kalaMka aura aticAroM se dUra rahakara apanI AtmA ko nirmala karatA hai, vaha samyagdarzana - jJAna - cAritra rUpa 'ratnoM kA piTArA' prApta kara letA hai| 122 :: pramukha jaina granthoM kA paricaya

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vaha puruSa tIna loka meM sabhI sukhoM ko aura mokSa ko prApta karate haiN| ratnakaraNDa zrAvakAcAra meM zrAvakoM ke lie jo dharma kA upadeza diyA hai, vaha bar3A hI hRdayagrAhI, samIcIna, sukha denevAlA aura prAmANika hai, isalie gRhasthoM ko isa graMtha kA acchI taraha se adhyayana-manana karanA caahie| isake anurUpa AcaraNa karanA niHsandeha kalyANa karanevAlA hai, AtmA ko unnata tathA svAdhIna banAnevAlA hai| yaha grantha dharma kA eka choTA-sA parantu anamola piTArA hai| ratnakaraNDa zrAvakAcAra:: 123

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puruSArthasiddhayupAya grantha ke nAma kA artha puruSa arthAt aatmaa| isa grantha meM AtmA ke artha arthAt prayojana kI siddhi kaise hotI hai isa bAta ko bahuta acche se samajhAyA gayA hai, isalie isa grantha kA nAma 'purussaarthsiddhyupaay'| isakA dUsarA nAma 'jinapravacana-rahasya-koSa' bhI hai| granthakAra kA paricaya AdhyAtmika vidvAnoM meM AcArya kundakunda ke pazcAt AdarapUrvaka jinakA nAma liyA jAtA hai, ve AcArya amRtacandrasUri haiM, kyoMki AcArya kundakunda ke kaMcana ko kundana banAnevAle AcArya amRtacandra hI haiM, jinhoMne eka hajAra varSa bAda unake granthoM para TIkAe~ likhakara unakI garimA ko jagata ke sAmane rkhaa| AcArya amRtacandra parama AdhyAtmika santa, gahana tAttvika cintaka, rasasiddha kavi, tattvajJAnI evaM saphala TIkAkAra the| munIndra, AcArya aura sUri jaisI gauravazAlI upAdhiyoM se inakA mahAna vyaktitva sammAnita thaa| inakA paricaya kisI bhI grantha meM prApta nahIM hotA hai| inakA samaya anumAnataH I. san kI 10vIM zatAbdI kA antima bhAga hai| paM. AzAdharajI ne gaurava ke sAtha inheM Thakkura' nAma se sammAnita kiyA hai| racanAe~ : AcArya amRtacandrasUri kI racanAoM ko do koTi meM rakhA gayA hai| maulika racanAe~ : 1. puruSArthasiddhayupAya 2. tattvArthasAra 3. samayasAra-kalaza 4. laghutattvasphoTa 124 :: pramukha jaina granthoM kA paricaya

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TIkAgrantha : 5. samayasAraTIkA (AtmakhyAti) 6. pravacanasAraTIkA (tattvadIpikA) 7. paMcAstikAyaTIkA (samayavyAkhyA) grantha kA mahattva 1. isa grantha meM zrAvakAcAra ke viSaya ko nizcaya-vyavahAra Adi ke dvArA bahuta saralatA se udAharaNa dekara samajhAyA hai| yaha pUrA hI grantha nizcaya vyavahAra ke samanvaya kI sugandha se mahaka uThA hai| 2. isa grantha meM eka bahuta sundara carcA yaha AI hai ki ziSya ko upadeza kA saccA phala jaba prApta hotA hai, jaba vaha vyavahAra naya aura nizcaya naya ko vastu svarUpa se yathArtha jAnakara madhyastha hotA hai| arthAt jaba vaha vastu ke zuddha aura azuddha svarUpa kA jJAna prApta kara letA hai| 3. samyagjJAna ke varNana meM jJAna ke ATha aMgoM kA jo varNana kiyA hai, vaha Aja ke samaya kI maulika AvazyakatA hai| jJAna ke prakAra aura jJAna kI ArAdhanA kaise karanA cAhie, isa viSaya ko Aja kI zikSA saMsthAoM ko bhI samajhanA bahuta Avazyaka hai| 4. hiMsA aura ahiMsA kA bahuta sundara aura sUkSma vivecana isa grantha meM kiyA gayA hai| 5. isa grantha meM mithyAdRSTi jIva dvArA hiMsA ke bAre meM jo yuktiyA~ pracalita haiM, una saba mithyA yuktiyoM kA khaMDana karate hue ahiMsA kA pATha par3hAyA gayA 6. bAraha tapa, chaha Avazyaka, vrata, samiti, daza dharma, bAraha bhAvanA, aura bAIsa parISaha-ina saba viSayoM kA varNana choTI-choTI paribhASAoM dvArA kiyA gayA hai, jisase sabhI zrAvaka inheM AsAnI se samajha ske| 7. vidyAlaya, vizvavidyAlayoM ke pAThyakrama meM isa grantha ko zAmila kiyA gayA hai| zivira-saMgoSThiyoM, zodhalekhoM Adi meM bhI isa grantha kA apanA alaga sthAna hai| 8. isa grantha kA zrAvakAcAra ke granthoM meM mahattvapUrNa sthAna hai| ye sarvAdhika par3hA jAnevAlA maulika grantha hai| 9. aneka bhASAoM meM isa grantha kA anuvAda ho cukA hai| yaha bahuta hI sarala bhASA meM likhA gayA grantha hai| . puruSArthasiddhayupAya :: 125

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grantha kA mukhya viSaya puruSArthasiddhayupAya grantha zrAvakAcAra sambandhI grantha hai| isameM 226 padya aura pA~ca adhikAra haiM / yaha grantha AryA chanda meM likhA gayA hai| prArambha ke ATha padyoM meM grantha kI utthAnikA (prastAvanA) dI gayI hai| isa utthAnikA meM nizcaya naya aura vyavahAra naya kA svarUpa evaM puruSArthasiddhayupAya kA artha batAyA hai| nizcaya naya ko bhUtArtha (satya) aura vyavahAra naya ko abhUtArtha (asatya) kahA hai| ____ bhUtArtha arthAt bhUta 'jo padArtha meM pAyA jAve' aura artha arthAt 'bhaav'| padArtha meM pAe jAnevAle bhAva ko jo prakAzita kare, use bhUtArtha kahate haiN| jaisesatyavAdI satya hI kahatA hai, kalpanA karake kucha bhI nahIM khtaa| nizcaya naya AtmA ko zarIra se alaga mAnatA hai, isalie nizcaya naya satyArtha hai| abhUtArtha nAma asatyArtha kA hai| abhUta arthAt jo padArtha meM na pAyA jAve aura artha arthAt bhaav| jo aneka prakAra kI kalpanA karake padArtha ko prakAzita kare, use abhUtArtha kahate haiM arthAt asatya ko satya siddha krnaa| vyavahAra naya asatyArtha hai| jo ziSya nizcayanaya aura vyavahAranaya ke pakSapAta se rahita hotA hai, vahI upadeza kA sampUrNa phala prApta karatA hai| uttama zrotA kA lakSaNa yahI hai ki pahale vyavahAra nizcaya ko bhalI prakAra jAnanA cAhie, phira usako yathAyogya grahaNa karanA cAhie, pakSapAta nahIM karanA caahie| 1. samyagdarzana adhikAra puruSa arthAt AtmA cetanA yukta hai, jJAna, darzana, sukhasvarUpa hai, amUrtika hai aura sparza, gandha, rasa, varNa se rahita hai| yadi AtmA deva, guru dharma Adi ke prati zubha bhAva karatA hai to zubhakarma kA bandha hotA hai, aura usake viparIta azubha rAga-dveSa-moha bhAva karatA hai to azubha karma kA bandha hotA hai| ___ jo zrAvaka munidharma kA pAlana nahIM kara sakate haiM, unake lie zrAvakadharma kA varNana kiyA gayA hai| 126 :: pramukha jaina granthoM kA paricaya

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1 sarvaprathama zrAvaka ko apanI zakti anusAra samyagdarzana, samyagjJAna, samyak cAritra ina tInoM kA pAlana karanA cAhie, kyoMki yahI mokSa kA mArga hai isameM bhI sarvaprathama pUrNa sAvadhAnI se samyagdarzana ko grahaNa karanA cAhie, kyoMki usake binA jJAna prApta karane para bhI vaha ajJAnI hI kahalAtA hai| jIva, ajIva Adi sAta tattvoM kA saccA zraddhAna karanA samyagdarzana hai / samyagdarzana kI zobhA jaba hotI hai, taba jIva samyagdarzana ke ATha aMgoM (niHzaMkita Adi) kA pAlana karatA hai / samyaktva ke sAtha jo jJAna hotA hai, use samyagjJAna kahate haiM / samyagdarzana jJAna ke sAtha jo AcaraNa hotA hai use samyakcAritra kahate haiM / jisa prakAra aMkarahita zUnya kisI bhI kArya meM sAdhaka nahIM hotA, usI prakAra samyagdarzana ke binA jJAna aura cAritra bhI kisI bhI kArya meM sAdhaka nahIM hote haiM / 2. samyagjJAna adhikAra samyagjJAna kA artha hai sahI jJAna arthAt jo vastu jaisI hai, use vaisI hI jAnanA samyagjJAna hai / samyagjJAna prApta hone para tIna doSa nahIM hote haiM-- 1. saMzaya: do taraphA jJAna ko saMzaya kahate haiN| jaise- rAta meM kisI vastu ko dekhakara sandeha karanA ki ye rassI hai yA sA~pa hai - aise sandeha yukta jJAna ko saMzaya kahate haiM / 2. viparyaya: viparIta rUpa ekataraphA jJAna ko viparyaya kahate haiM / jaise rassI hai aura use sA~pa samajha lenA / isa viparIta rUpa ko jJAna viparyaya kahate haiM / 3. anadhyavasAya (vimoha ) : 'kucha hai ' basa itanA hI jAnakara usakI khoja na karanA vimoha ( anadhyavasAya) hai / jaise - 1. rassI ho yA sA~pa ho, mujhe kyA karanA / 2. hama AtmA haiM yA zarIra haiM, kucha nirNaya na karanA vimoha (anadhyavasAya) hai| jisa jJAna meM ye saMzaya, viparyaya, vimoha doSa nahIM hote vaha samyagjJAna hai / samyagjJAna ko hama ina ATha aMgoM ke dvArA acchI taraha se jAna sakate haiN| 1. zabdAcAra : pahalA aMga hai zabdAcAra arthAt zuddha bolanA, zuddha likhanA / isakA artha hotA hai, Apa jo bhI par3heM- likheM, zuddha par3heM, zuddha likheN| Aja isa aMga kI bahuta AvazyakatA hai, kyoMki loga jJAna kI sAmagrI ko chapAne para to puruSArthasiddhayupAya :: 127

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dhyAna dete haiM, para zuddhatA para dhyAna nahIM dete haiN| 2. arthAcAra : dUsarA aMga hai-arthAcAra arthAt zloka, gAthA, sUtra, pATha Adi kA zuddha artha jAnanA, krnaa| prAyaH dekhA jAtA hai, hama pUjana, pATha, stotra Adi dUsaroM ke dekhA-dekhI yA sunakara par3hate rahate haiM, prAyaH roja par3hate haiM, lekina unake artha se, bhAva se paricita nahIM haiM, ataH samyagjJAna kA dUsarA aMga kahatA hai ki jo bhI par3ho, soca-samajhakara pddh'o| 3. ubhayAcAra : zabda aura artha donoM kA hI pUrNa jJAna honA ubhayAcAra aMga hai-sUtra, pATha, zloka Adi zuddha par3ho aura artha samajhakara pddh'o| ye bAta samyagjJAna kA tIsarA aMga kahatA hai| 4. kAlAcAra : sandhyAkAla (sUryodaya, sUryAsta, madhyAhna aura madhyarAtri, inake pahale aura pIche kA muhUrta sandhyAkAla hai|) ko chor3akara zeSa ke uttama kAloM meM paThana-pAThana, svAdhyAya karane ko kAlAcAra kahate haiN| sandhyAkAla ke prathama tathA antima do ghar3I meM, siddhAnta ke granthoM kA paThana-pAThana karanA varjita hai| stotra, ArAdhanA, dharma kathA Adi ke grantha par3ha sakate haiN| 5. vinayAcAra : pUrNa Adara aura vinaya ke sAtha svAdhyAya karanA vinayAcAra aMga hai| jinavANI ke prati, guruoM ke prati pUrNa Adara evaM zraddhA-vinaya rakhanA caahie| svAdhyAya karane ke bAda jinavANI ko yathAsthAna sammAna ke sAtha rakhanA caahie| 6. upadhAnAcAra : yAda karane ke bAda bhUlanA nahIM caahie| jo yAda kiyA ho, bAra-bAra usakA abhyAsa karanA caahie| upadhAna (smaraNapUrvaka) sahita jJAna kI ArAdhanA karanA upadhAnAcAra aMga hai| 7. bahumAnAcAra : jJAna kI pustaka, zAstra Adi kA tathA par3hAnevAle guru kA bahuta Adara karanA bahumAnAcAra aMga hai| vartamAna samaya meM ye aMga gAyaba hI ho gaye haiN| zrAvaka, ziSya, vidyArthI aura bacce, sabhI loga guru aura pustaka kA Adara karanA to bhUla hI gaye haiN| mAtra doSa hI zikSakoM ke dekhate rahate haiN| bhAratIya zikSA paddhati ke patana hone kA kAraNa bhI yahI hai ki hameM jJAna kA, guruoM kA bahumAna nahIM hai| hameM zikSakoM kA sammAna karanA cAhie, bahumAna karanA cAhie, jinavANI kI kImata pahacAnanA caahie| 8. anihnavAcAra : (jJAna ko chipAnA) jisa zAstra athavA guru se jo jJAna prApta huA hai, use chipAnA nahIM caahie| jinavANI ko bhI chipAkara yA binA sUcanA die ghara nahIM lAnA caahie| ina saba kAryoM se samyagjJAna meM doSa lagatA hai| 128 :: pramukha jaina granthoM kA paricaya

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isa prakAra samyagjJAna ko ina ATha aMgoM ke sAtha grahaNa karanA caahie| pAThakagaNa ko, vartamAna zikSA paddhati ko aura sabhI zrAvakoM ko ina ATha aMgoM para avazya dhyAna denA caahie| 3. samyak cAritra adhikAra samyagdarzana se jinhoMne darzanamoha kA nAza kara diyA hai, samyagjJAna se jinhoMne sAta tattvoM ko jAna liyA hai, aise dRr3hacitta vAle puruSoM ko samyakcAritra grahaNa karanA caahie| hiMsA, jhUTha, corI, kuzIla aura parigraha ke sarvadeza tathA ekadeza tyAga se cAritra do prakAra kA hotA hai * sarvadeza tyAga (sakala cAritra) : muni mahArAja ke hotA hai / ekadeza tyAga (vikala cAritra) : zrAvaka ke hotA hai / ahiMsA kaSAya ke kAraNa 'apane' aura 'para' ke prANoM kA ghAta karanA hiMsA hai / rAgAdi bhAvoM kA na honA ahiMsA hai / rAgAdi bhAvoM kI utpatti honA hiMsA hai| jaina siddhAnta kA sAra itanA hI hai ki dharma kA lakSaNa ahiMsA hai, isalie rAgAdi bhAvoM kA nAza karanA cAhie / rAgAdi bhAvoM ke na rahane para santa puruSoM se prANoM dvArA hiMsA nahIM hotI hai / rAgAdi bhAvoM ke kAraNa hama koI bhI kriyA karate haiM, jisase jIva mare athavA na mare, taba bhI hameM hiMsA avazya hotI hai / - hiMsA zabda kA artha ghAta karanA hai / yaha ghAta do prakAra kA hai1. AtmaghAta, 2. paraghAta / jisa samaya AtmA meM kaSAya bhAvoM kI utpatti hotI hai, usI samaya AtmaghAta ho jAtA hai / AtmaghAta aura paraghAta donoM hI hiMsA hai| hiMsA ke tyAga kA abhAva honA arthAt hiMsA karane kA tyAga nahIM honA bhI hiMsA hI hai / parajIva ke ghAtarUpa hiMsA do prakAra kI hai ---- 1. jisa samaya jIva hiMsA to nahIM karatA, lekina aMtaraMga meM hiMsA karane kA tyAga nahIM karatA, usa hiMsA ko aviramaNarUpa hiMsA kahate haiM / 2. jisa samaya jIva parajIva ke ghAta meM mana se, vacana se athavA kAya se kArya karatA hai, use pariNamanarUpa hiMsA kahate haiN| I pariNAmoM kI nirmalatA ke lie sarva hiMsA kA tyAga karanA cAhie / puruSArthasiddhayupAya :: 129

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hiMsA aura ahiMsA kaba hotI hai, isakA bahuta sundara varNana isa grantha meM kiyA gayA hai| yathA 1. eka jIva hiMsA na karate hue bhI hiMsA ke phala ko bhogatA hai| dUsarA jIva hiMsA karatA hai phira bhI hiMsA ke phala ko nahIM bhogatA hai| 2. koI jIva tIvra kaSAya ke kAraNa thor3I bhI hiMsA karatA hai, to vaha hiMsA bhaviSya meM jIva ko bahuta azubha phala detI hai| jabaki dUsarA jIva jyAdA hiMsA karatA hai, parantu usa hiMsA meM udAsIna rahatA hai, usakI kaSAya kama hotI hai, taba jIva ko bhaviSya meM hiMsA kA phala kama hI milatA hai| 3. do puruSa bAhya hiMsA eka sAtha karate haiM to usa hiMsA meM jisane tIvra kaSAya se hiMsA kI, use tIvraphala prApta hotA hai aura jisane mandakaSAya se hiMsA kI use mandaphala prApta hotA hai| 4. hiMsA kaSAya bhAva ke anusAra hI phala detI hai| arthAt kisI jIva ko hiMsA kA phala pahale hI mila jAtA hai, kisI ko karate-karate milatA hai aura kisI ko kara lene ke bAda hiMsA kA phala milatA hai| 5. kabhI eka puruSa hiMsA karatA hai, parantu phala bhoganevAle bahuta hote haiN| aura kabhI aneka puruSa hiMsA karate haiM, parantu hiMsA kA phala bhoganevAlA eka hI puruSa hotA hai| ataH yathArtha rIti se hiMsA-ahiMsA ko samajhakara puruSoM ko apanI zakti anusAra hiMsA karane kA tyAga karanA caahie| jo vyakti hiMsA kA tyAga karanA cAhate haiM, unheM sabase pahale madya (zarAba), mAMsa, madhu (zahada) aura pA~ca udumbara phaloM kA sevana avazya chor3a denA caahie| madyapAna (zarAba) ke doSa zarAba mana ko mohita karatI hai, zarAba pIne ke bAda kucha hoza nahIM rahatA aura mohita manavAlA manuSya dharma ko bhUla jAtA hai, jisase vaha bedhar3aka hokara hiMsAdi pApa karatA hai| zarAba bahuta sAre ekendriyAdi jIvoM kA utpatti-sthAna hai, isalie jo zarAba kA sevana karatA hai, usake dvArA una jIvoM kI hiMsA avazya ho jAtI hai| __ zarAba pIne se abhimAna, bhaya, ghRNA, hAsya, zoka, kAma, krodhAdi jitane hiMsA ke bheda haiM, ve sabhI tIvrarUpa se hote haiN| 130 :: pramukha jaina granthoM kA paricaya

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mAMsa bhakSaNa ke doSa prANiyoM kA ghAta kie binA mAMsa kI utpatti nahIM mAnI jA sakatI, isalie mAMsa khAnevAle puruSa ko anivAryarUpa se hiMsA hotI hai| mare hue jIvoM meM bhI aneka prakAra ke nigodiyA jIva rahate haiM, ata: mAMsa kA bhakSaNa aura mAMsa ko hAtha vagairaha se sparza kara dUsarA zuddha bhojana bhI grahaNa nahIM karanA caahie| jahA~ mAMsa ho vahA~ bhI bhojana nahIM karanA caahie| madhusevana ke doSa madhu arthAt zahada kI eka bUMda ke sevana meM asaMkhya madhumakkhiyoM kI hiMsA hotI hai, isalie jo mUrkha manuSya zahada kA bhakSaNa karatA hai, vaha atyanta hiMsA karanevAlA hotA hai| madhu, madya, mAMsa, makkhana-ina cAra padArthoM kA bhakSaNa kabhI nahIM karanA caahie| Umara, kaThUmara, pAkara (aMjIra), bar3a ke phala aura pIpala vRkSa ke phala trasa jIvoM kI khAna haiN| inake bhakSaNa meM trasa jIvoM kI hiMsA hotI hai| isalie inakA bhI tyAga karanA caahie| hiMsA kA tyAga do prakAra se hotA hai| eka to sarvathA tyAga hai, vaha munidharma meM hotA hai| kintu yadi sarvathA tyAga na bana sake, to trasajIvoM kI hiMsA kA tyAga karake zrAvaka dharma grahaNa karanA caahie| mithyAdRSTi aneka yuktiyoM se hiMsA meM dharma batAte haiM, inase zrAvakoM ko sAvadhAna rahanA caahie| yathA 1. yajJAdi meM dharma ke nimitta se hiMsA karane meM koI doSa nahIM hai-yaha socakara hiMsA nahIM karanA caahie| 2. deva, devI, kSetrapAla, kAlI, caMDI, cAmuMDI ityAdi ke lie hiMsA karanA, isakA bhI niSedha karanA caahie| ___3. apane guru (baoNsa) ke lie bhI bakarA, murgA Adi kisI prANI kI hiMsA nahIM karanA caahie| ____4. anna ke AhAra meM to bahuta jIva marate haiM, isalie eka bar3A jIva mArakara bhojana karanA, aisA socanA bhI hiMsA hI hai| ___5. dUsare jIvoM ko kATanevAle, mAranevAle jIva sarpa, bicchU, siMha, macchara ityAdi hiMsaka jIvoM ko mAra DAlane se bahuta se jIva baca jAte haiM, isalie inheM mArane meM pApa nahIM hai-aisA jAnakara una hiMsaka jIvoM kA ghAta nahIM karanA puruSArthasiddhayupAya :: 131

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caahie| yaha bhI hiMsA hI hai / 6. zikArI, cir3ImAra, bAja bahuta jIvoM ko mAranevAle haiM, yadi ye pApI jIva jIte raheMge, to bahuta pApa utpanna kareMge - aisA socakara ina jIvoM ko bhI nahIM mAranA cAhie / 7. dhyAna samAdhi meM lIna guruko ucca pada prApta ho jAegA, aisI icchA karake guru ko mAranA bhI hiMsA hI hai / 8. piMjare meM kaida pakSI ko mukta karane kI taraha AtmA ko bhI zarIra se mukta kara denA cAhie - aisA socakara zarIra naSTa kara denA hiMsA hI hai / rAtribhojana tyAga : rAta meM bhojana karanevAle jIva ko hiMsA avazya hotI hai, isalie hiMsA ke tyAgiyoM ko rAtribhojana kA tyAga avazya hI karanA caahie| rAtribhojana karane kI apekSA rAtri meM bhojana banAne meM bahuta adhika hiMsA hotI hai| ahiMsAvrata pAlana karanevAle ko prathama hI isakA tyAga karanA caahie| khAsataura se bAjAra ke bane hue padArthoM kA to bilakula hI tyAga karanA cAhie / rAtribhojana tyAga ke binA ahiMsAvrata kI siddhi nahIM hotI, isalie ise ahiMsANuvrata meM lete haiM / isa prakAra hiMsA ke sUkSma rUpa ko jAnakara sarvaprathama hiMsA kA pUrNarUpa se tyAga karanA cAhie / - satyavrata satyavacana ke antargata nindanIya, pApayukta, avadya (jhUThe ) aura apriya vacana sammilita haiN| nindanIya, hAsyajanaka, kaThora, jhUThe aura zAstraviruddha vacana haiM, ve sabhI nindanIya vacana kahe gaye haiM / chedanA, bhedanA, mAranA, zoSaNa karanA, vyApAra yA corI Adi ke vacana pApayukta vacana haiN| jo vacana apriya hoM, bhaya utpanna karanevAle, dukha denevAle, duzmanI aura kalaha karAnevAle, kalaha kAraka hoM aura aneka prakAra ke dukha utpanna karanevAle hoM, ve sabhI vacana apriya vacana haiM / ina sabhI prakAra ke jhUThe vacana bolane meM hiMsA avazya hotI hai| hiMsA pramAda se hotI hai| ataH jIvoM ko yathAzakti asatya bhASaNa kA tyAga karanA caahie| 132 :: pramukha jaina granthoM kA paricaya

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acauryavrata pramAda-kaSAya ke yoga se binA die hue svarNa-vastrAdi parigraha grahaNa karanA corI hai, aura vahI vadha kA kAraNa hone se hiMsA hai| corI karane meM hiMsA hotI hai| brahmacaryavrata strI, puruSa, napuMsaka se rAgabhAva ke kAraNa maithuna (kAmasevana) karanA kuzIla hai| kuzIla meM hiMsA utpana hotI hai, kuzIla karane aura karAnevAloM ke sarvatra hiMsA hI hotI hai| koI jIva moha ke kAraNa apanI strI ko chor3ane meM samartha nahIM ho, to unheM bAkI samasta striyoM kA sevana karane kA tyAga karanA caahie| parigrahaparimANavata mUrchA hI parigraha hai| moha ke udaya se utpana huA pariNAma hI mUrchA hai| parigraha ke do prakAra haiM-antaraMga parigraha, bAhya prigrh| donoM prakAra ke parigraha kA tyAga hI parigraha parimANavata hai| isa prakAra pA~coM pApoM ke tyAga sahita pA~ca aNuvrata (ahiMsA, satya, acaurya, brahmacarya, aparigraha) tathA rAtribhojana ke tyAga karane ke bAda guNavrata aura zikSAvratoM kA pAlana karanA caahie| jisa prakAra parakoTA nagara kI rakSA karatA hai, usI prakAra tIna guNavrata (dikvrata, dezavrata, anarthadaNDavrata) aura cAra zikSAvrata (sAmAyika, proSadhopavAsa, atithisaMvibhAga, bhogopabhogaparimANa) ahiMsA Adi pA~ca vratoM kI rakSA karate haiN| isakA vistAra se varNana hama 'ratnakaraNDa zrAvakAcAra' meM likha cuke haiN| (dekheM pRSTha 112-120 taka) 4. sallekhanA adhikAra isa adhikaraNa meM sallekhanA kA varNana bahuta sundara DhaMga se kiyA gayA hai| sallekhanA kA varNana pUrva meM likha cuke haiM, (dekheM pRSTha 120-121) isa kAraNa hama yahA~ isakA vistRta varNana nahIM kara rahe, parantu jo zrAvaka sallekhanA ko gaharAI se jAnanA cAhate haiM, ve isa grantha kA adhyayana avazya kreN| sallekhanA ke sAtha-sAtha samyagdarzana, pA~ca aNuvrata, tIna guNavrata aura cAra zikSAvratoM ke pA~ca-pA~ca aticAroM kA bhI varNana isa adhyAya meM huA hai| sallekhanA ke lie ina aticAroM ko bhI samajhanA Avazyaka hai| puruSArthasiddhayupAya :: 133

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5. sakalacAritra adhikAra isa adhyAya meM muniyoM ke vrata aura cAritra kA varNana kiyA gayA hai| samyakcAritra meM tapa ko vizeSa sthAna diyA gayA hai| jaina siddhAnta meM mokSa kA kAraNa tapa ko kahA hai| tapa eka prakAra kA vyavahAra cAritra hai| tapazcaraNa ke binA nizcaya samyakcAritra kI prApti nahIM hotI, isalie mokSa ke icchuka sAdhaka ko yathAzakti tapa karanA caahie| tapa ke do prakAra haiM-1. bahiraMga tapa, 2. antaraMga tp| bahiraMga tapa 1. anazana tapa : upavAsa karanA (cAroM prakAra ke AhAra kA pUrNa tyAga __krnaa)| 2. avamaudarya tapa : ekAsana karanA, bhUkha se kama khaanaa| 3. vivikta zayyAzana : aise ekAnta sthAna meM rahanA, jahA~ jIvoM kA AnA jAnA na ho| vahA~ para dhyAnAdhyayana aura brahmacarya kA pAlana hotA hai| 4. rasatyAga : dUdha, dahI, ghI, zakkara, tela, ina pA~ca rasa rahita namaka aura harI vastuoM kA tyAga nirdhArita dina ke anusAra krnaa| 5. kAyakleza : zarIra ko pariSaha utpanna hone para (macchara, makkhI Adi dvArA) pIr3A sahana krnaa| 6. vRttisaMkhyA : niyama lekara bhojana krnaa| antaraMga tapa 1. vinaya : vinaya karanA, pUjya, sammAnanIya vyaktiyoM meM AdarabhAva rkhnaa| vinaya ke darzana, jJAna, cAritra aura upacAra-ye cAra prakAra haiN| 2. vaiyAvRtya : guru AcArya, upAdhyAya, sAdhu, tyAgIvratI, zrAvaka Adi kI sevA karanA, roga ho jAne para zuddha auSadhi dvArA upacAra kraanaa| 3. prAyazcita : pramAda se jo doSa lagA ho, usako guru ke sAmane pragaTa kara guru dvArA die gaye daMDa ko svIkAra kara bhaviSya meM punaH doSa na karane kI pratijJA krnaa| 4. utsarga : zarIra meM mamatva (moha) kA tyAga karanA, aMtaraMga parigraha, krodha Adi kaSAyoM kA tyAga krnaa| 5. svAdhyAya : cAroM anuyogoM kA zraddhAna krnaa| 134 :: pramukha jaina granthoM kA paricaya

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6. dhyAna : ekAgracitta hokara samasta Arambha-parigraha se mukta hokara paMcaparameSThI aura AtmA kA dhyAna karanA / chaha Avazyaka munirAja ko ye chaha kArya pratidina karane cAhie 1. samatA : samasta jIvoM para samatAbhAva kI sAdhanA karanA / 2. stavana : tIrthaMkara bhagavAna ke guNoM kA kIrtana karanA, stuti karanA / 3. vandanA : paMca parameSThI ko pratyakSa - parokSarUpa se sASTAMga namaskAra karanA / 4. pratikramaNa : apane doSoM kA pazcAttApa karanA / 5. pratyAkhyAna : jo ratnatraya meM vighna utpanna karanevAle kArya haiM, unheM manavacana-kAya se rokanA aura unakA tyAga karanA / 6. vyutsarga : zarIra kA mamatva chor3akara vizeSa prakAra ke Asana pUrvaka dhyAna karanA / tIna guptiyA~ gupti kA artha rokanA hai / ye tIna haiM T 1. manogupti : mana kI caMcalatA rokanA / 2. vacanagupti : mauna dhAraNa karanA / 3. kAyagupti : zarIra kI kriyA rokanA, nizcala honA / pA~ca samitiyA~ 1. IryA samiti : sAvadhAnI se dekhabhAla kara gamana-Agamana krnaa| 2. bhASA samiti : hita, mita aura asandeharUpa vacana bolanA / 3. eSaNA samiti : chiyAlIsa doSa, battIsa antarAya TAlakara zrAvaka ke ghara AhAra lenA / 4. AdAnanikSepaNa samiti : pustaka, pIchI aura kamaMDala Adi ko sa~bhAlakara uThAnA, rakhanA / 5. pratiSThApanA samiti : dRSTi se dekhakara, pIchI se poMchakara mala, mUtra, Adi ko bhUmi para tyAganA / puruSArthasiddhayupAya :: 135

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daza dharma 1. uttama kSamA : krodha kA tyAga karake kSamA dhAraNa krnaa| 2. uttama mArdava : mAna kaSAya kA tyAga karake, komalatA grahaNa krnaa| 3. uttama Arjava : mAyAcAra kA tyAga kara, saralatA grahaNa krnaa| 4. uttama satya : apriya, nindanIya kapaTI vacana nahIM bolnaa| 5. uttama zauca : zuddhi grahaNa krnaa| bAhya zuddhi aura aMtaraMga zuddhi ye do prakAra kI zuddhiyA~ haiN| 6. uttama saMyama : paMcendriyoM ke viSayoM aura mana ke viSaya ko rokanA, chahakAya jIvoM kI hiMsA nahIM krnaa| 7. uttama tapa : AtmA kI prApti ke lie bAraha prakAra kA tapa krnaa| 8. uttama tyAga : krodha, mAna, mAyA, lobha kaSAyoM kA tyAga krnaa| 9. uttama AkiMcanya : vastuoM meM apanatva kA tyAga krnaa| caubIsa prakAra ke parigraha kA tyAga krnaa| 10. uttama brahmacarya : AtmA meM lIna hokara pUrNa brahmacarya kA pAlana krnaa| bAraha bhAvanA bAraha bhAvanAoM kA vistRta varNana chahaDhAlA grantha meM hai (dekheM pRSTha 145-146) / bAraha bhAvanAe~ vairAgya kI jananI haiM, inake cintana karane se vairAgya kI puSTi hotI hai| inakA sadaiva cintana karanA caahie| bAIsa parISaha bAIsa parISaha ko munirAja sadA zAntipUrvaka sahana karate haiN| ve AtmasvarUpa meM lIna hokara vicAra karate haiM ki cAroM gatiyoM meM bhramaNa karate hue bhUkha, pyAsa, sardI, garmI ina bAdhAoM ke nirAkaraNa ke lie maiMne bahuta samaya vyatIta kara liyA hai| tIna loka kA anAja khAkara bhI, samudra kA jala pIkara bhI yaha kSudhA, tRSA kama nahIM huI hai| ataH ve zAnta pariNAma bhAvoM se parISaha sahana karate haiM1. kSudhA (bhUkha) 2. tRSA (pyAsa) 3. zIta (sardI) 136 :: pramukha jaina granthoM kA paricaya

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4. uSNa (garmI) 5. nagna pariSaha : sabhI vastroM kA tyAgakara munirAja nagna mudrAdhArI banakara AtmA meM lIna rahate haiM / 6. yAcanA parISaha : ayAcaka vratadhArI munirAja kisI se bhI kucha mA~gate nahIM haiN| dina, mahIne, varSoM taka AhAra na milane para bhI ve yAcanA nahIM karate haiM / 7. arati parISaha : iSTa, aniSTa padArthoM ke milane para bhI munirAja sukhI, dukhI nahIM hote haiM / samatA dhAraNa karate haiM / 8. alAbha parISaha : sAdhu aneka upavAsa karane ke bAda bhI pAraNA ke dina nirdoSa AhAra nahIM milane para bhI dukhI nahIM hote, ve lAbha, alAbha donoM meM samAna bhAva rakhate haiM / 9. daMzamazaka parISaha : DAMsa, macchara, cIMTI, makor3A, keMcue kA DaMka Adi pIr3A samatA bhAva se sahana karate haiM / 10. Akroza parISaha : jo prANI muniyoM kI nindA karate hoM, gAlI, apazabda kahate hoM, munirAja una para bhI krodha nahIM karate haiM / samatA se Akroza parISaha sahana karate haiM / 11. roga parISaha : zarIra meM roga ho jAne para munirAja dukha vyakta nahIM karate, samatA se usa roga ko sahana karate haiM / 12. mala parISaha : zarIra ke prati dhyAna na dekara ( pasInA, durgandha Adi hone para) AtmA meM lIna rahate haiM / 13. tRNasparza parISaha : tRNa, kaMkar3a, phA~sa ityAdi cubhane para bhI munirAja Akula nahIM hote / nijasvarUpa meM lIna rahate haiM / 14. ajJAna parISaha : mahAna tapa karane para bhI yadi zruta kA pUrNa jJAna nahIM ho, avadhi jJAna, mana:paryaya jJAna utpanna na ho, to bhI dukhI nahIM hote haiM / 15. adarzana parISaha : munirAja samyagdarzana meM doSa nahIM lagAte, ve tapa saMyama meM acala rahate haiM / 16. prajJA parISaha : munirAja atyanta jJAnI hone para bhI garva nahIM karate haiM / 17. satkArara- puraskAra : munirAja Adara-sammAna kI icchA nahIM rkhte| 18. zayyA parISaha : svarNa, ratnAdika mahala aura komala sundara zayyA kA tyAga rakhate haiN| puruSArthasiddhayupAya 137

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19. caryA parISaha : cAra hAtha jamIna dekhakara munirAja (IryApatha) ____ zodhate hue calate haiN| 20. vadha parISaha : prANaghAtaka upasarga hone para bhI ve use samatA bhAva se sahana karate haiN| 21. niSadyA parISaha : munirAja sakala parigraha kA tyAga kara ghanaghora ___ jaMgala, aTavI, vana, zmazAna bhUmi meM nivAsa karate haiM, vahA~ upasarga ko sahana karate hue niSadyA parISaha sahana karate haiN| 22. strI parISaha : munirAja strI ke zarIra ko mahAmalina durgati kA kAraNa jAnakara usase kabhI anurAga nahIM rakhate haiN| isa prakAra bAIsa parISahoM ko munirAja nirantara sahana karate haiN| sahana kyA karate haiM, apanI adhyAtmavidyA ke bala para ina pariSahoM para vijaya prApta karate haiN| yahI kAraNa hai ki inheM pariSahajaya kahate haiN| __munirAja ke to ratnatraya pUrNarUpa se haiM, kintu gRhastha zrAvaka sampUrNa ratnatraya kA pAlana nahIM kara sakatA, isalie use inakA ekadeza pAlana karanA cAhie, kyoMki ratnatraya hI mukti kA kAraNa hai| muni kA ratnatraya mahAvrata ke yoga se sAkSAt mokSa kA kAraNa hai aura zrAvaka kA ratnatraya aNuvrata ke yoga se paramparA se mokSa kA kAraNa hai, arthAt jisa zrAvaka ko samyagdarzana ho jAtA hai, usakA alpajJAna bhI samyagjJAna aura aNuvrata kA pAlana bhI samyakcAritra kahA jAtA hai, isalie ratnatraya kA dhAraNa karanA atyAvazyaka hai| vivekI puruSa gRhastha dazA meM hI mokSamArga ke lie prayatna karate haiM, ve avasara pAkara zIghra munipada dhAraNa kara lete haiN| ve sakala parigraha kA tyAga kara dhyAna meM rahakara pUrNa ratnatraya prApta kara mokSa kI prApti kara lete haiN| isa prakAra isa laghu grantha meM zrAvaka dharma kA saralatA se varNana kiyA hai, jisase zrAvaka AsAnI se samajhakara AtmA ke svarUpa ko jAnakara vyavahAra meM ratnatraya dharma ko dhAraNa kara nizcita hI mokSa-lakSmI ko prApta kara sakatA hai| 138 :: pramukha jaina granthoM kA paricaya

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chahaDhAlA grantha ke nAma kA artha 'chahaDhAlA' kA artha hai, chaha DhAloM se yukta / jisa prakAra yuddha meM talavAra Adi ke vAra se rakSA ke lie DhAla lagAI jAtI hai, usI prakAra jo karma - zatruoM ke vAra se hamArI rakSA karate haiM, unheM DhAla kahate haiM / ye yahA~ chaha adhyAyoM meM varNita haiM, isalie isa grantha kA nAma 'chahaDhAlA' rakhA gayA hai| dUsarA kAraNa yaha bhI hai ki isameM chaha prakAra kI laya (chanda) hone se bhI ise chahaDhAlA kahate haiM / granthakAra kA paricaya 'chahaDhAlA' grantha kI racanA kavivara paMDita daulatarAma jI ne kI hai| inakA janma vikrama saMvat 1855-1856 ke madhya huA thA / kavi daulatarAma labdhapratiSTha kavi the| ye hAtharasa ke nivAsI aura pallIvAla jAti ke the / chahaDhAlA hindI braja bhASA meM likhA gayA sabase lokapriya aura prasiddha grantha hai| chahaDhAlA ke atirikta inakI racanA 'daulata - vilAsa' bhI upalabdha hotI hai jisameM lagabhaga 125 AdhyAtmika bhajana (pada) haiN| grantha kA mahattva 1. chahaDhAlA grantha vairAgya ko bar3hAnevAlA evaM zAntarasa pradhAna grantha hai| 2. yaha grantha itanA mahattvapUrNa hai ki vidvAna isakI tulanA AcArya kundakunda ke mahAna AdhyAtmika grantha 'samayasAra' se karate hue ise 'laghu samayasAra ' kahate haiM / 3. yaha eka aisA mahattvapUrNa grantha hai, jisameM sabhI prayojanabhUta viSaya samAhita chahaDhAlA :: 139

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vairAgya-cintana, chaha ho gaye haiN| jaise--cAroM gatiyoM ke dukha, adhyAtma, dravya, sAta tattva, dhyAna, yoga, zrAvaka evaM zramaNa (muni) kA cAritra / 4. isa grantha meM naraka gati se lekara mokSa avasthA taka kI sampUrNa yAtrA kA varNana hai / 5. dukha kyA hai ? dukha ke kAraNa kyA haiM? aura dukha se chUTane ke upAya kyA haiM ? ina tInoM viSayoM ko bahuta acche se isa grantha meM samajhAyA hai| 6. zrAvakoM ke svAdhyAya ke lie yaha grantha sabase pahalA, sarala evaM mahattvapUrNa mAnA jAtA hai| 7. zivira, kakSAe~, seminAra aura saMgoSThiyoM meM sarvaprathama 'chahaDhAlA' grantha ko hI par3hAyA jAtA hai| 8. videzoM meM bhI isa grantha ko bahuta par3hAyA jAtA hai| grantha kA mukhya viSaya chahaDhAlA meM chaha DhAla (adhyAya) haiM aura unameM kula milAkara 96 chanda haiMpahalI DhAla meM 17 chandoM meM naraka, tiryaMca, manuSya aura deva - cAroM gatiyoM aura nigoda ke dukhoM kA varNana hai / dUsarI DhAla meM 15 chandoM meM mithyAdarzana - jJAna - cAritra kA varNana hai / tIsarI DhAla meM 17 chandoM meM sAta tattvoM aura samyagdarzana kA paricaya hai / cauthI DhAla meM 15 chandoM meM samyagjJAna aura samyakcAritra kA paricaya hai| pA~cavIM DhAla meM 15 chandoM meM bAraha bhAvanAoM kA paricaya milatA hai| chaThI DhAla meM 15 chandoM meM sakala cAritra aura mokSa avasthA kA varNana hai / pahalI DhAla sabase pahale maMgalAcaraNa meM vItarAga-vijJAnatA ko namaskAra kiyA hai, jo tInoM lokoM meM sAra hai, Ananda aura mokSa denevAlI hai| isake bAda kahA hai ki tInoM lokoM ke sabhI ananta prANI sukha cAhate haiM aura dukhoM se Darate haiM, ataH jo prANI apanA kalyANa karanA cAhate haiM, unheM mana se guru kI sukha denevAlI aura dukha dUra karanevAlI zikSA ko sunanA caahie| saMsAra meM pratyeka prANI anAdikAla se cAroM gatiyoM meM bhaTaka rahA hai, aura aneka dukha sahana kara rahA hai| vaha anAdikAla se nigoda meM eka zvAsa meM aThAraha bAra janma letA hai aura aThAraha bAra maratA hai / isa taraha ananta dukhoM ko sahate hue 140 :: pramukha jaina granthoM kA paricaya

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jIva nigoda se nikalakara pRthvI, jala, agni, vAyu aura vanaspati (sthAvara) meM janma lekara aneka dukha sahatA hai| jaise-cintAmaNi ratna bahuta kaThinAI se milatA hai, usI taraha jIva ko trasaparyAya (do indriya se pA~ca indriyavAle jIva) kaThinAI se milatI hai| parantu vahA~ bhI yaha jIva, cIMTI aura bhauMrA ityAdi zarIra dhAraNa kara dukha sahate hue mara jAtA hai| kabhI paMcendriya pazu jaise gAya, bhaiMsa, baila, hiraNa, zera bhI hotA hai, to ajJAnI hotA hai| vaha kabhI apane se nirbala prANI ko khAtA hai, to kabhI balavAna pazu use khA lete haiN| kabhI bhUkha, pyAsa, ThaNDa, garmI, bA~dhA jAnA, mArA jAnA, chedA jAnA aura bojhA DhonA Adi aneka kaSTa sahana karate hue bure bhAvoM se yaha jIva mara jAtA hai aura naraka gati meM janma letA hai| naraka gati meM bhUmi kA sparza karane mAtra se itanA adhika dukha hotA hai ki eka sAtha hajAra bicchu DaMka mAreM to bhI utanA dukha nahIM hotaa| narakoM meM vaitaraNI nAmaka nadI bahatI hai| jo choTe-choTe kIr3oM ke samUha se, pIpa aura khUna se bharI hotI hai| jisake kAraNa zarIra meM tIvra Aga utpanna hotI hai| narakoM meM talavAra kI dhAra ke samAna kATanevAle semara ke vRkSa haiN| vahA~ sardI aura garmI itanI adhika hotI hai ki sumeru parvata ke barAbara lohe kA golA bhI gala jAtA hai| naraka meM nArakI prANI eka-dUsare ke zarIra ke tila ke dAne ke barAbara Tukar3e kara dete haiN| asura jAti ke deva eka-dUsare ko lar3Ate rahate haiN| vahA~ bhUkha aura pyAsa bahuta jyAdA lagatI hai, parantu naraka meM khAne-pIne ke lie kucha bhI nahIM milatA hai| jIva ko naraka ke dukha karor3oM varSoM taka sahana karanA par3atA hai| zubha karma ke udaya se jIva ko manuSya gati mila jAtI hai| parantu manuSya gati meM bhI jIva ko nau mahIne taka mAtA ke garbha meM rahane para aura janma ke samaya bahuta adhika kaSTa uThAnA par3atA hai| bacapana meM jJAna nahIM hone se, javAnI meM dhana aura strI meM lIna hone se aura vRddhAvasthA meM durbala hone ke kAraNa jIva kabhI bhI apanI AtmA kA svarUpa nahIM jAna pAtA hai| devagati prApta karane ke bAda bhI pA~coM indriyoM ke viSayoM kI agni meM jalakara aura marate samaya ro-rokara aneka dukha sahana karanA par3atA hai| yadi vaimAnika deva (ucca zreNI ke deva) bhI hotA hai, to samyagdarzana dhAraNa nahIM karatA, isalie aneka dukha prApta karatA hai| isa prakAra jIva samyagdarzana ke binA cAroM gatiyoM meM bhaTakatA rahatA hai| chahaDhAlA :: 141

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dUsarI DhAla mithyAdarzana, mithyAjJAna aura mithyAcAritra hI jIva ko cAroM gatiyoM meM bhaTakAne aura janma-maraNa ke dukha denevAle haiN| ina tInoM ke do prakAra haiM___ 1. agRhIta mithyAtva, 2. gRhIta mithyaatv| ___ 1. agRhIta mithyAtva- jo mithyAbhAva jIva ke sAtha pahale se hI calA A rahA hai, use agRhIta mithyAtva kahate haiN| jaise-mithyAdRSTi jIva AtmA aura zarIra ko eka hI mAnatA hai| apane Apa ko sukhI, dukhI, garIba aura amIra mAnatA hai| dhana, vaibhava, makAna, strI aura putra ko apanA mAnatA hai| apane Apa ko balavAna, nirbala, sundara aura kurUpa samajhatA hai| jo rAga-dveSa, dukha aura sukha denevAle haiM, unhIM meM apanA sukha aura dukha mAnatA hai| zarIra ke utpanna hone para apanA janma aura zarIra kA vinAza ho jAne para apanA maraNa mAnatA hai| ___ jIva mithyAdarzana ke prabhAva se apane AtmasvarUpa ko bhUla jAtA hai| mithyAjJAna ke kAraNa jIva apanI AtmA kI zakti ko bhUla jAtA hai, vaha apanI icchAoM ko nahIM rokatA hai| vaha mokSa ke svarUpa ko nahIM mAnatA hai| tapa, pUjana, adhyayana ko vaha dukhadAyaka mAnatA hai| mithyAdarzana, mithyAjJAna ke kAraNa jIva pA~coM indriyoM ke viSayoM kI icchApUrti meM hI lagA rahatA hai, vaha vrata, niyama aura saMyama kucha bhI grahaNa nahIM krtaa| isa prakAra jIva mithyAcAritra ko dhAraNa karatA hai| 2. gRhIta mithyAtva : jIva dvArA jo mithyAbhAva isa bhava meM grahaNa kiyA jAtA hai, use gRhIta mithyAtva kahate haiN| khoTe bheSadhArI kuguru ko, rAgI-dveSI aura astra-zastravAle kudevoM ko aura hiMsaka dharma arthAt kudharma ko saccA mAnakara inakI sevA karatA rahatA hai, use gRhIta mithyAdarzana kahate haiN| ___ saMsAra bar3hAnevAle, indriyoM ke viSayoM ko bar3hAnevAle aura kumata calAnevAle sAdhuoM dvArA banAe gaye zAstroM ko par3hanA, par3hAnA, sunanA, sunAnA gRhIta mithyAjJAna hai| khyAti, lAbha, pUjA, pratiSThA Adi kI icchA rakhakara, sva aura para ke viveka se rahita hokara jo vrata, tapazcaraNa Adi kriyAe~ kI jAtI haiM, vaha gRhIta mithyAcAritra haiN| isa prakAra mithyAdarzana, mithyAjJAna aura mithyAcAritra ko acchI taraha 142 :: pramukha jaina granthoM kA paricaya

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samajhakara inakA tyAga kara denA caahie| tabhI cAroM gatiyoM meM bhaTakane aura saMsAra ke dukhoM kA nAza hogaa| mithyAtva ko chor3akara AtmA kI bhalAI ke mArga meM laga jAnA caahie| tIsarI DhAla AtmA kA hita sukha prApta karane meM haiM, vaha sukha AkulatA se rahita hotA hai| AkulatA mokSa meM nahIM hotI hai, isalie saccA sukha prApta karane ke lie mokSamArga meM hI mana lagAnA caahie| samyagdarzana, samyagjJAna aura samyakcAritra-ina tInoM kI ekatA hI mokSa kA mArga hai| mokSamArga ke do prakAra haiM 1. nizcaya mokSamArga- jo mokSamArga yathArtha hai, vaha sAkSAt mokSa kA kAraNa hai, use nizcaya mokSamArga kahate haiN| 2. vyavahAra mokSamArga- jo nizcaya mokSamArga meM kAraNa hai, use vyavahAra mokSamArga kahate haiN| paribhASA : sirpha apanI AtmA ke svarUpa meM ruci rakhanA nizcaya samyagdarzana hai| apanI AtmA ko jAnanA hI nizcaya samyagjJAna hai| AtmasvarUpa meM lIna ho jAnA nizcaya hI samyakcAritra hai| jIva Adi sAta tattvoM kA ThIka-ThIka zraddhAna karanA vyavahAra samyagdarzana hai| sAta tattva jIva : jisameM jAnane-dekhane kI zakti ho, use jIva kahate haiN| jIva ke tIna bheda haiM-bahirAtmA, antarAtmA aura prmaatmaa| ajIva : jisameM jAnane-dekhane kI zakti na ho use ajIva kahate haiN| ajIva ke pudgala, dharma, adharma, AkAza aura kAla-ye pA~ca bheda haiN| Asrava : AtmA meM karmoM ke Ane ko Asrava kahate haiN| Asrava ke yoga, mithyAtva, avirati, kaSAya aura pramAda-ye pA~ca bheda haiN| bandha : AtmA ke pariNAmoM se karmoM kA ba~dhanA bandha kahalAtA hai| saMvara : kaSAyoM ko kama krnaa| indriyoM aura mana para vijaya prApta karane se naye karmoM ko rokanA saMvara hai| nirjarA : tapa kI zakti se karmoM kA ekadeza jhar3a jAnA (naSTa ho jAnA) nirjarA hai| mokSa : AThoM karmoM se rahita, sthira, aTala aura sukhadAyaka avasthA mokSa hai| chahaDhAlA :: 143

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sacce deva, vItarAgI guru aura ahiMsAmayI dharma kA zraddhAna karanA vyavahAra samyagdarzana kA kAraNa hai| samyagdarzana kA pAlana samyagdarzana ke ATha aMgoM ke sAtha kiyA jAtA hai aura ATha doSa, ATha mada, chaha anAyatana aura tIna mUr3hatA, aise 25 doSoM ko tyAgakara nirmalatA se samyagdarzana kA pAlana karanA caahie| ina 25 doSoM kA vistRta varNana ratnakaraNDa zrAvakAcAra grantha meM kiyA gayA hai| samyagdarzana hI mokSa mahala kI prathama sIr3hI hai, isa samyagdarzana ke binA jJAna aura cAritra prApta nahIM ho sakate haiN| isalie sabase pahale manuSya ko ise dhAraNa karanA caahie| manuSya janma aura uttama kula pAkara bhI yadi samyagdarzana dhAraNa nahIM kiyA to hamane bar3A bhArI avasara kho diyA samajhanA cAhie, kyoMki aisA uttama kula aura manuSya janma bAra-bAra nahIM milatA hai| samyagdarzana kI aisI mahimA hai ki isako dhAraNa karanevAlA mara kara bhI uttama deva aura manuSya hI hotA hai, tiryaMcoM, napuMsakoM aura striyoM meM paidA nahIM hotaa| pUrvabandha ke kAraNa yadi naraka bhI jAtA hai, to pahale naraka se nIce nahIM jAtA hai| samyagdRSTi jIva devoM ke dvArA pUjA jAtA hai| vaha gRhastha meM rahakara bhI vairAgya bhAva se rahatA hai| ___ isalie svAdhyAya dvArA athavA satsaMgati dvArA sAta tattvoM kA svarUpa jAnakara samyagdarzana grahaNa kara AtmA ko pavitra karanA caahie| cauthI DhAla samyagdarzana dhAraNa karane ke sAtha samyagjJAna ko bhI grahaNa karanA caahie| jisa prakAra sUrya kA udaya hote hI andhakAra samApta ho jAtA hai, usI prakAra samyagjJAna ho jAne para ajJAnarUpI andhakAra naSTa ho jAtA hai| samyagjJAna samyagdarzana ke sAtha hotA hai| samyagdarzana kAraNa hai, samyagjJAna kArya hai| samyagjJAna ke do bheda haiM-1. parokSa jJAna, 2. pratyakSa jnyaan| jo jJAna indriya aura mana kI sahAyatA se padArtha ko jAnatA ho, use parokSa jJAna kahate haiN| indriya, prakAza aura upadeza Adi kI sahAyatA ke binA jo jJAna AtmA se hI utpanna hotA hai, use pratyakSa jJAna kahate haiN| samyagjJAna prApta karane ke lie jaina zAstroM kA abhyAsa karanA, zAstra par3hanA-par3hAnA aura zAstra ko sunanA aura sunAnA caahie| zAstra meM die viSayoM kA bAra-bAra citavana karanA caahie| jJAna hone para bhava-bhava ke saMcita pApa kaTa jAte haiM, jabaki ajJAnI jIva karor3oM janmoM taka tapa karatA hai, phira bhI usake pApa nahIM 144 :: pramukha jaina granthoM kA paricaya

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kaTate haiN| isalie pratyeka jIva ko vidyA par3hakara jJAna prApta karanA caahie| jisa prakAra samudra meM zreSTha maNi ke gira jAne para usakA milanA kaThina hai, usI prakAra manuSya janma, uccakula aura jinavANI kA milanA bhI kaThina hai| samyagjJAna ke prabhAva se hI jIva mokSa prApta karate haiN| isalie saMsAra ke viSaya-sukha ko chor3akara AtmA kA dhyAna karanA caahie| samyagjJAna ke bAda zrAvakoM ko samyakcAritra kA pAlana karanA caahie| jisameM zrAvakoM ke bAraha vrata-pA~ca aNuvrata (ahiMsA, satya, acaurya, brahmacarya aura aparigraha) tIna guNavrata (digvrata, dezavrata aura anarthadaNDavrata) cAra zikSAvrata (sAmAyika, proSadhopavAsa, bhogApabhogaparimANavrata aura atithisaMvibhAga vrata) Ate haiN| jo prANI ina bAraha vratoM kA pAlana karatA hai, vratoM meM aticAra (doSa) nahIM lagAtA, mRtyu ke samaya samAdhimaraNa dhAraNa kara samasta doSoM ko dUra karatA hai, vaha zrAvaka svarga meM deva paryAya prApta karatA hai| vratoM ke prabhAva se phira manuSya bhava pAkara mokSa lakSmI prApta karatA hai| pA~cavIM DhAla mahAvratI munirAja saMsAra aura bhogoM se virakta hokara nimnalikhita bAraha bhAvanAoM kA ciMtavana karate haiN| ina bhAvanAoM ke cintana karane se vairAgya bar3hatA hai, samatA rUpI sukha milatA hai aura mokSa sukha bhI prApta hotA hai| ___ 1. anitya bhAvanA- ghara, dhana, godhana, kuTumba, naukara aura strI yaha saba indradhanuSa aura bijalI kI caMcalatA ke samAna kSaNamAtra rahanevAle haiM, aisA vicAra karanA anitya bhAvanA hai| 2. azaraNa bhAvanA- indra, deva aura manuSya Adi saba ko mRtyu naSTa kara detI hai, marate hue jIva ko koI nahIM bacA sakatA-aisA socanA azaraNa bhAvanA 3. saMsAra bhAvanA- saMsAra meM cAroM gatiyoM ke dukha haiM, sAra rahita isa saMsAra meM sukha nahIM haiM- aisA vicAra karanA saMsAra.bhAvanA hai| 4. ekatva bhAvanA- zubha-azubha karmoM kA phala jIva ko svayaM akele hI bhoganA par3atA hai, strI putra koI bhI sAtha nahIM detA hai| 5. anyatva bhAvanA- eka jaise dikhanevAle AtmA aura zarIra hI alagaalaga haiM to strI, putra, dhana aura vaibhava eka kaise ho sakate haiM? 6. azuci bhAvanA- yaha zarIra apavitra hai, isase prema nahIM karanA caahie| chahaDhAlA :: 145

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7. Asrava bhAvanA - mana, vacana aura kAya - ina tInoM ke dvArA jo kriyA, kArya hotI hai, usase Asrava hotA hai| zubha kAryoM se zubhAsrava aura azubha kAryoM se azubhAsrava hotA hai / 8. saMvara bhAvanA - jo zubha aura azubha bhAva nahIM karate haiM, sirpha AtmA ke cintana meM mana lagAte haiM, ve Ate hue navIna karmoM ko rokate haiN| karmoM ko rokanA hI saMvara bhAvanA hai| 9. nirjarA bhAvanA - tapa ke dvArA pUrva ke saMcita zubha azubha karmoM kA jhar3a jAnA ( naSTa ho jAnA) nirjarA hai / nirjarA do prakAra kI hotI hai : 1. savipAka nirjarA, 2. avipAka nirjarA / savipAka - apane samaya para hI karmoM kA naSTa honA / jaise- samaya * para Ama kA pakanA / avipAka - tapa ke dvArA karmoM ko naSTa karanA / avipAka nirjarA se mokSa sukha prApta hotA hai| jaise- samaya ke pahale davAoM dvArA Ama ko pkaanaa| 10. loka bhAvanA - cha: dravyoM se bane isa saMsAra meM jIva santoSa ke binA idhara-udhara bhaTakatA huA dukha pAtA hai| 11. bodhidurlabha bhAvanA - svarga ke devoM ko bhI ratnatraya prApta nahIM hotA hai, aise kaThina ratnatraya ko digambara munirAja hI prApta kara sakate haiN| aisA cintana karanA bodhidurlabha bhAvanA hai| * 12. dharma bhAvanA - ratnatraya hI dharma hai, jo prANI isako dhAraNa karatA hai, vahI mokSa sukha pAtA hai| yaha ratnatraya dharma kevala munirAjoM dvArA hI dhAraNa kiyA jAtA hai| aisA vicAra karanA dharma bhAvanA hai| chaThI DhAla isa DhAla meM mahAmunirAja ke sakala saMyama cAritra ke bAre meM batAyA gayA hai| munirAja mana, vacana aura kAya se 28 mUlaguNoM kA pAlana karate hue, bAraha prakAra tapoM ko dhAraNa kara tapasyA karate haiM / daza dharmoM ko grahaNa karate haiM aura ratnatraya dharma ko hamezA dhAraNa karate haiN| sakala saMyama cAritra ko dhAraNa karane ke bAda munirAja samyagjJAna ke dvArA apanI AtmA meM lIna ho jAte haiN| AtmA meM apane Apa ko jAna lete haiM aura nirvikalpa samAdhi meM sthita ho jAte haiM / taba munirAja ke svarUpAcaraNa cAritra 146 :: pramukha jaina granthoM kA paricaya

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prakaTa hotA hai| samyagdarzana, samyagjJAna aura samyakcAritra eka hI ho jAte haiM, taba zuddha upayoga kI avasthA prApta ho jAtI hai| arthAta mokSa prApta ho jAtA hai| AtmasvarUpa meM sthira ho jAne para munirAja ko jo Ananda prApta hotA hai, usakA varNana akathanIya hai, vaha Ananda indra, dharaNendra aura cakravartI ko bhI prApta nahIM hotaa| svarUpAcaraNa cAritra ke prakaTa hone para zukla dhyAna dvArA cAra ghAtiyA karma jalAe jAte haiM, taba munirAja ko kevalajJAna prakaTa ho jAtA hai| kevalajJAna dvArA munirAja tInoM lokoM ke anantAnanta padArthoM ke guNa aura paryAyoM ko eka sAtha jAna lete haiM, arthAt sampUrNa vizva kI samasta kriyAoM ko eka sAtha jAna lete haiN| taba vaha saMsAra ke bhavya jIvoM ko mokSamArga kA upadeza dete haiN| phira zeSa cAra aghAtiyA karmoM ko bhI nAza kara siddha ho jAte haiN| tIna loka ke Upara siddhaloka meM pahu~ca jAte haiN| siddha vahA~ anantakAla taka rahate haiM, ve saMsAra ke AvAgamana se chUTa jAte haiM aura mokSa meM sthira ho jAte haiN| isa Anandamaya siddha avasthA ko pAne kA kAraNa nizcaya aura vyavahAra samyagdarzana, samyagjJAna aura samyakcAritra hai| isalie bhavyajIvoM ko roga aura bur3hApA Ane ke pahale hI Alasya chor3akara AtmA ke kalyANa meM laga jAnA cAhie tathA zIghra hI ratnatraya dharma ko dhAraNa kara lenA caahie| chahaDhAlA :: 147

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dharmAmRta grantha ke nAma kA artha isa grantha kA nAma hai' dharmAmRta', dharma kA amRta / vAstava meM yaha grantha dharma kA amRta hai / isa grantha ke do bhAga haiM 1. pahalA bhAga--anagAra dharmAmRta 2. dUsarA bhAga - sAgAra dharmAmRta 1. anagAra zabda kA artha hai, muni yA sAdhu / grantha ke pahale bhAga meM sAdhu kA dharma batAyA hai / sAdhuoM ke lie dharma rUpI amRta kA sevana karAnevAlA yaha mahattvapUrNa grantha hai| isameM kula nau adhyAya haiN| 2. agAra zabda kA artha hai 'ghara' / jo ghara meM rahate haiM, parigraha se yukta hote haiM unheM 'sAgAra' kahate haiM / ataH yaha grantha ghara meM rahanevAle zrAvakoM ko dharma kA amRta arthAt upadeza denevAlA hai / sAgAra dharmAmRta meM kula ATha adhyAya haiN| granthakAra kA paricaya dharmAmRta ke racayitA paM. AzAdharajI kA samaya vi.saM. 1230 ke lagabhaga hai| ye apane samaya ke eka bahuzruta vidvAna the / nyAya, vyAkaraNa, kAvya, sAhitya, dharmazAstra, adhyAtma aura purANa Adi vividha viSayoM para unhoMne grantha racanA kI hai| paM. AzAdharajI siddhAnta aura adhyAtma donoM ke hI vidvAna the / viSaya kI taraha saMskRta bhASA aura kAvya racanA para bhI unakA asAdhAraNa adhikAra thaa| saMskRta bhASA kA zabda bhaNDAra bhI unake pAsa aparimita thA, ve usakA prayoga kuzalatA se karate the / paM. AzAdharajI gRhastha paNDita the| unake pitA kA nAma sallakSaNa, mAtA kA nAma zrI ratnA, patnI kA nAma sarasvatI aura putra kA nAma chAhar3a thA / ve vagheravAla 148 :: pramukha jaina granthoM kA paricaya

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vaizya the aura mevAr3a ke nivAsI the / unhoMne paNDita mahAvIra se jainendra vyAkaraNa aura jaina nyAya par3hA thA / racanAe~ - inhoMne karIba 20 grantha likhe haiM, jinameM dharmAmRta, iSTopadeza TIkA, dharmAmRta TIkA aura amarakoza TIkA mukhya haiN| grantha kA mahattva 1. isa grantha kI sabase bar3I vizeSatA yaha hai ki sAdhu aura zrAvaka donoM ke hI AcAroM kA varNana eka sAtha eka hI grantha meM mila jAtA hai jo anyatra durlabha hai| 2. yaha grantha vizAla mahAsAgara ke samAna hai| isa grantha meM lagabhaga 2225 zloka tathA isakI TIkA meM 25000 zloka kI racanA hai / isa prakAra kula lagabhaga 27,225 zloka kI racanA hai / itane adhika zloka honA vAstava meM isa grantha kI mahattA hai| 3. isa grantha meM choTe-choTe, sUkSma-sUkSma niyamoM evaM AcAroM ko bahuta gaharAI aura sUkSmatA se samajhAyA hai| isa grantha meM aneka bAteM bahuta mahattvapUrNa haiN| jaise dayA ko cAritra kA mUla batAyA hai| AcArya ko tIrtha kI upamA dI hai| bhojana ke chiyAlIsa doSa batAe haiN| jinadeva kI bahuta sundara mahimA batAI hai| 4. isa grantha meM ATha mUlaguNa bhinna prakAra ke batAe haiN| unameM jIvoM para dayA, chanA huA jala tathA paMcaparameSThI kI bhakti ina para vizeSa jora diyA hai| 5. jaina dharma kI dIkSA vidhi kA bahuta sundara varNana kiyA hai| 6. dAna kA bahuta sundara varNana kiyA hai| samadattidAna meM kanyAdAna kA bhI mahattva batAyA hai| 7. vyasanoM evaM aticAroM ke sUkSma doSa batAkara unheM tyAgane kI zikSA dI hai| 8. mandira jAte samaya kA, deva darzana evaM pUjana vidhi kA bahuta hI sarala evaM sundara varNana kiyA hai| 9. gyAraha pratimA aura sallekhanA ke viSaya ko bahuta hI sarala tarIke se vistAra se samajhAyA hai| 10. isa grantha meM sAdhu aura zrAvaka donoM ke pAkSika, naiSThika aura sAdhaka dharmAmRta :: 149 * * * *

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zrAvaka ke bheda batAkara eka-eka kriyAoM ko samajhAyA hai| 11. dharmAmRta grantha caritra - nirmANa aura manovizleSaNa kI dRSTi se Aja ke mAhaula meM adhika vyAvahArika lagatA hai| 12. yaha mahAgrantha sAmAjika aura vaijJAnika grantha hai / isake kAraNa isa grantha para aneka TIkAe~ likhI gayI haiN| 13. jaina saMskRti, zAstra kA svAdhyAya, adhyayana-adhyApana aura zodha ke lie yaha grantha bahuta upayogI hai| grantha kA mukhya viSaya anagAra dharmAmRta pahalA adhyAya ( 998 zloka ) prathama adhyAya meM dharma ke svarUpa kA darzana hai| isameM 998 zloka haiN| isa adhyAya meM prArambha meM dharma ke upadeSTA AcArya kA svarUpa batalAte hue kahA hai ki unheM 'tIrthatattvapraNayananipuNa' honA Avazyaka hai| tIrtha kA artha ' anekAnta' aura tattva kA artha ' adhyAtma rahasya' kiyA hai| arthAt AcArya Agama aura adhyAtma ke rahasya ko jAnakara bolanevAle honA cAhie / dharma ke svarUpa kA varNana karate hue granthakAra ne sukha aura dukha se nivRtti ye do puruSArtha batalAe haiN| ye dharma se hI prApta hote haiN| Age dharma ko spaSTa karate hue kahate haiM ki jo puruSa mukti ke lie dharmAcaraNa karatA hai, usako sAMsArika sukha prApta hotA hai aura mokSa sukha bhI prApta hotA hai; parantu jo sAMsArika sukha kI prApti kI bhAvanA se dharma kA AcaraNa karate haiM, unheM sAMsArika sukha kI prApti bhI nahIM hotI hai| dharma samyagdarzana, samyagjJAna aura samyakcAritra hai| ye tInoM eka sAtha eka rUpa ho jAte haiM, use hI zuddhAtmapariNAma kahate haiM / yathArtha meM yahI dharma hai| aise dharma meM jo anurAga hotA hai, usase puNyabandha hotA hai aura jo dharma meM anurAga nahIM rakhate, unheM pApabandha hotA hai| dUsarA adhyAya ( 114 zloka ) dUsare adhyAya meM samyagdarzana kI utpatti batAI hai| isameM 114 zloka haiN| isa adhyAya meM mithyAtva ke varNana ke sAtha samyagdarzana kI utpatti kI prakriyA tathA 150 :: pramukha jaina granthoM kA paricaya

Page #153
usake bheda Adi kA varNana hai / prArambha meM nau padArthoM kA svarUpa kahA hai / phira samyagdarzana ke doSoM aura usake aMgoM kA varNana hai / isameM mithyAdRSTiyoM ke sAtha saMgati karane kA niSedha kiyA hai aura jaina sAdhu rUpadhArI bhraSTa muniyoM aura bhaTTArakoM se dUra rahane ke lie kahA hai 1 tIsarA adhyAya ( 24 zloka ) tIsare adhyAya meM batAyA hai ki jJAna kI ArAdhanA hI jIvana kA sAra hai / isameM jJAna ke bhedoM kA varNana kiyA hai| zrutajJAna kI ArAdhanA ko paramparA se mukti kA kAraNa batAyA hai| isameM 24 zloka haiN| cauthA adhyAya (183 zloka ) caturtha adhyAya meM cAritra kI ArAdhanA kI hai| isameM eka sau tirAsI (183) zloka haiM / isa adhyAya meM vrata kA lakSaNa aura bheda, trasa aura sthAvara jIva kA varNana, caudaha mArgaNA, caudaha guNasthAna aura hiMsA kA vistRta svarUpa batAte hue pA~ca mahAvrata, tIna gupti aura pA~ca samiti kA varNana kiyA hai| isa adhyAya meM dayA ko cAritra kA mUla batAyA hai / jo dayAlu vyakti hai, vaha vratoM se rahita hai, taba bhI use devagati prApta hotI hai| jabaki dayA se rahita vratI puruSa ko narakagati kI prApti hotI hai| nirdayI manuSya lambe samaya taka tapasyA kare, khUba vrata kare, dAna de, phira bhI vaha daridra hI rahatA hai| use vrata -tapAdi kA phala prApta nahIM hotA hai, use mukti bhI prApta nahIM hotI hai| jabaki jo vyakti dayAlu hai, vrata aura upavAsa na karane para bhI use vrata aura upavAsa kA phala avazya prApta ho jAtI hai| Aja ke samaya meM jo prANI dharma se dUra jA rahe haiM, unheM isa bAta ko avazya jAnakara dharma ko samajhanA cAhie / paNDita AzAdharajI ne yaha bahuta hI sAragarbhita evaM mArmika vicAra batAe haiM, jo dharma kA mUla hai| pA~cavA~ adhyAya ( 69 zloka ) pA~caveM adhyAya meM piNDa zuddhi kA varNana hai| isameM 69 zloka haiM / piNDa bhojana ko kahate haiN| bhojana ke chiyAlIsa doSa haiN| solaha udgama doSa haiM, solaha utpAdana doSa haiM, caudaha anya doSa haiN| ina saba doSoM se rahita zuddha bhojana hI sAdhu ke dvArA grahaNa karane yogya hotA hai / inhIM doSoM kA vistRta varNana isa adhyAya meM hai / T dharmAmRta :: 151

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chaThA adhyAya (112 zloka) chaThe adhyAya meM samyak tapa kI ArAdhanA kI hai| isameM 112 zloka haiN| isameM dasa dharma, bAraha bhAvanA aura bAIsa parISahoM kA varNana kiyA hai| sAtavA~ adhyAya ( 104 zloka) sAtaveM adhyAya meM 104 zlokoM dvArA tapa kI vyutpatti, tapa kA lakSaNa aura tapa ke bheda batAe haiN| chaha bAhya tapa aura chaha abhyantara tapa kA vistRta varNana isa adhyAya meM milatA hai| AThavA~ adhyAya ( 134 zloka) AThaveM adhyAya meM sAdhu ke chaha AvazyakoM (SaDAvazyaka) kA varNana kiyA hai| isameM 134 zloka haiN| ___ sAdhu ke anivArya SaTkarmoM ko SaDAvazyaka kahate haiN| indriyoM ke vazIbhUta jo nahIM hai use avazya kahate haiM aura usake kArya ko Avazyaka hai| sAdhu kI dina-rAta kI caryA kA varNana isameM hai| sAmAyika, stavana, vandanA, pratikramaNa, pratyAkhyAna aura kAyotsarga-ina chaha AvazyakoM kA vistRta varNana isa adhyAya meM hai| vandanA ke battIsa doSoM tathA kAyotsarga ke battIsa doSoM kA varNana bhI kiyA hai| sAdhu ke lie yaha adhikAra bahuta hI mahattvapUrNa hai| nauvA~ adhyAya ( 100 zloka ) navama adhyAya meM nitya-naimittika kriyA kA varNana hai| isameM 100 zloka haiN| prathama cavAlIsa zlokoM meM nityakriyA ke prayoga kI vidhi batalAI hai| jaise-svAdhyAya kaba kisa prakAra prArambha karanA cAhie aura kaba kisa prakAra samApta karanA caahie| prAtaHkAlIna devavandanA kaise karanI caahie| NamokAra mantra ke jApa kI vidhi aura bheda bhI batAe haiN| isa adhyAya kA chabbIsavA~ zloka bahuta mahattvapUrNa hai| usameM batAyA hai ki jinadeva to vItarAgI haiM, na nindA se nArAja hote haiM aura na stuti se prasanna hote haiM, taba inakI stuti se phala prApti kaise hotI hai-isI kA samAdhAna karate hue kahA hai ki bhagavAna ke guNoM meM anurAga karane se jo zubha bhAva hote haiM, zubha bhAva hone se zubha phala milatA hai| isalie vItarAga kI stuti iSTasiddhikAraka arthAt icchita 152 :: pramukha jaina granthoM kA paricaya

Page #155
vastu denevAlI hotI hai / Age AcArya, sAdhu kI nityavidhi, naimittika vidhi aura kriyAvidhi batalAI hai| devavandanA karane ke pazcAt do ghar3I kama madhyAhna taka svAdhyAya karanA caahie| usake bAda AhAra ke lie jAnA caahie| phira pratikramaNa karake madhyAhna kAla meM svAdhyAya karanA cAhie / jaba do ghar3I dina zeSa rahe to svAdhyAya kA samApana karake pratikramaNa karanA cAhie / phira rAtriyoga grahaNa karake AcArya kI vandanA karanI caahie| AcAryavandanA ke bAda devavandanA karanI cAhie / ardharAtri se do ghar3I (24 minaTa) pUrva svAdhyAya yA devavandanA karanI caahie| AcAravattva Adi ATha guNa, bAraha tapa, chaha Avazyaka aura dasa kalpaAcArya ke chattIsa guNa kahe haiN| inakA bhI sundara varNana isa adhyAya meM kiyA hai| anta meM dIkSA grahaNa aura kezaloMca Adi kI vidhi hai / grantha ke anta meM sthitibhojana, ekabhakta aura bhUmizayana, snAna na karane kA samarthana aura kezaloMca Adi viSayoM kA varNana kiyA hai / anta meM sAdhu dharma pAlana karane kA phala bhI batAyA hai| jo muni athavA utkRSTa, madhyama athavA jaghanya zrAvaka hokara Atmika dharma sAdhanA ke sAtha nitya, naimittika kriyAoM ko bhI zakti ke anusAra karatA hai, vaha puNya karma ke kAraNa indra aura cakravartI ke sukhoM ko bhogatA hai / vaha sAta-ATha bhava meM hI mokSa prApta kara letA hai| sAgara dharmAmRta dharmAmRta kA dUsarA bhAga 'sAgAra dharmAmRta' hai / agAra kA artha hai ghara / 'ghara' meM sabhI parigraha hote haiN| ataH jo ghara meM rahate haiM, ve sAgAra kahe jAte haiM / ataH yaha grantha ghara meM rahanevAle zrAvakoM ko dharma kA upadeza denevAlA hai| sAgAra dharmAmRta meM kula ATha adhyAya haiM / isameM zrAvaka ke dharma kA varNana kiyA gayA hai| pahalA adhyAya (20 zloka ) isa adhyAya kA prArambha 'sAgAra' kA artha aura lakSaNa batAkara hotA hai| isa adhyAya meM 20 zloka haiN| isameM batAyA hai ki jo jIva strI, putra, sampatti, zarIra aura parivAra - ina sabhI paravastuoM ko apanA mAnatA hai, vahI ajJAnI hai / isa ajJAna kA koI Adi nahIM hai, isalie dharmAmRta : :: 153

Page #156
anAdi hai| anAdikAla se jIva ke sAtha yaha ajJAnarUpI doSa lagA hai| isa doSa ke kAraNa hI manuSya AhAra, bhaya, maithuna aura parigraha - ina cAra saMjJAoM se pIr3ita rahatA hai| jisa prakAra zarIra meM jaba vAta, pitta aura kapha ho jAte haiM, to use doSa kahate haiN| isa doSa ke kAraNa hI manuSya bukhAra se pIr3ita ho jAtA hai| vaha sAre kAma chor3akara kevala bukhAra ke upacAra meM lagA rahatA hai| usI prakAra jIva anAdi avidyArUpI doSa se utpanna cAra saMjJAoM se pIr3ita hai| sadA AtmajJAna se dUra rahatA hai aura viSayoM kI pUrti meM hI lagA rahatA hai, isalie use gRhastha yA sAgAra kahate haiN| Age gRhastha kA svarUpa batAte hue kahate haiM ki nyAyapUrvaka dhana kamAne vAlA, guNoM se mahAna, gurujanoM kA Adara-satkAra aura pUjA karanevAlA, dUsaroM kI nindA na karanevAlA, mIThe vacana bolanevAlA, dharma-artha aura kAma kA sevana karanevAlA, zAstrAnusAra khAnapAna karanevAlA, dayAlu aura dharmAtmA gRhastha dharma kA pAlana karane meM samartha hotA hai| avidyA kA mUla kAraNa mithyAtva hai aura vidyA kA mUla kAraNa samyagdarzana hai / isalie gRhastha ko dharma dhAraNa karane ke lie samyagdarzana ko acche se jAnanA - samajhanA hogA / samyagdarzana ke ATha aMgoM ko gaharAI se samajhanA hogA / pA~ca aNuvrata, tIna guNavrata aura cAra zikSAvratoM kA pAlana doSoM se rahita hokara karanA hogA / maraNa samaya vidhipUrvaka sallekhanA dhAraNa karanA / yahI pUrNa zrAvaka dharma hai| jo gRhastha mUlaguNa aura uttaraguNa meM niSThA rakhatA hai, arhanta Adi pA~ca parameSThI kI zaraNa meM rahatA hai, dAna aura pUjA karatA hai aura hamezA jJAnarUpI amRta pInA cAhatA hai, vaha saccA zrAvaka hai / isa prakAra isa adhyAya meM zrAvaka kA lakSaNa aura dharma batAkara use ekadeza saMyama (gyAraha pratimA) pAlana karane kI zikSA dI hai, yadi usameM samyaktva kI prApti hone ke bAda pUrNa saMyama dhAraNa karane kI zakti na ho / zrAvaka ke chaha dainika karma batAkara inakA vistRta varNana kiyA hai - 1. pUjA 2. dAna 3. tapa 4. saMyama 5. svAdhyAya 6. prAyazcita / Age zrAvaka ke tIna prakAra batAe haiM pAkSika zrAvaka : jo abhyAsa dvArA zrAvaka dharma kA pAlana karatA hai, vaha pAkSika zrAvaka hai| 154 :: pramukha jaina granthoM kA paricaya

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naiSThika zrAvaka : jo zrAvaka dharma kA niSThApUrvaka nirvAha karatA hai vaha naiSThika zrAvaka hai| sAdhaka zrAvaka : jo sallekhanA dhAraNa karatA hai vaha sAdhaka zrAvaka hai| dUsarA adhyAya ( 87 zloka) dUsare adhyAya meM 87 zlokoM meM pAkSika zrAvaka ke kartavya batAe haiN| zrAvaka ko ahiMsA ke pAlana ke lie madya, mAMsa, madhu, pA~ca udumbara phala, makkhana aura rAtribhojana Adi kA tyAga karanA caahie| madya, mAMsa, madhu ke sevana se atyadhika hiMsA hotI hai| ata: inakA tyAga karanA zrAvaka kA sarvaprathama kartavya hai| kaI vyakti madya, mAMsa kA tyAga to kara dete haiM, lekina madhu ko auSadhi ke rUpa meM svIkAra karate haiM, parantu madhu kI eka bUMda ko bhI khAnevAle vyakti ko sAta gA~voM ko jalAne se jitanA pApa hotA hai, usase bhI adhika pApa kA bandha hotA hai, ataH madhu (zahada) kA tyAga bhI karanA hI caahie| dhArmika puruSa ko madhu kI taraha makkhana ko bhI chor3anA cAhie, kyoMki makkhana meM bhI do muhUrta ke bAda bahuta se jIva samUha utpanna hote rahate haiN| bar3a, pIpala, Umara, kaThUmara ke phala ko khAne meM trasajIvoM kI hiMsA hotI hai, ataH inakA tyAga karanA caahie| rAtribhojana karane meM bhI hiMsA hotI hai, ataH ahiMsA ke pAlana ke lie rAtribhojana tyAga karanA caahie| jaina kA artha hai-rAta meM bhojana na karanA, pAnI chAnakara pInA aura pratidina devadarzana krnaa| paM. AzAdharajI ne AcAryoM ke mata se zrAvaka ke lie ATha mUlaguNa batAe haiM-madya, mAMsa, madhu, rAtribhojana tyAga, pA~ca udumbara phaloM kA tyAga, jIvoM para dayA aura chanA huA jala pInA tathA paMcaparameSThI kI bhkti| ina ATha mUlaguNoM kA pAlana gRhastha ke lie Avazyaka hai, parantu isa samaya bahuta-se zrAvaka inakA pAlana nahIM kara rahe haiN| unheM isa ora dhyAna denA caahie| ye jaina gRhastha ke lie bahuta upayogI haiN| pAkSika zrAvaka ko apanI zraddhA aura zakti ke anusAra jinabimba, jinAlaya, svAdhyAyazAlA, bhojanazAlA aura auSadhAlaya Adi banavAnA cAhie yA inake banane meM sahayoga karanA caahie| kyoMki ye dharma ke sAdhana haiN| dhArmika kAryoM meM dhana kharca karane meM mAnasika Ananda milatA hai aura puNyabandha bhI hotA hai| paM. AzAdharajI ne jaina dharma kI dIkSA kA bhI vistRta varNana isa adhyAya meM kiyA hai| jaina tathA ajaina donoM ko hI dIkSA lene ke lie ATha kriyAe~ batAI haiN| dharmAmRta :: 155

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___paM. AzAdharajI ne dAna dene kI preraNA bhI dI hai| dAna ke cAra prakAra batAe haiM-samadatti dAna, pAtradatti, abhayadAna aura dayAdatti daan| 1. samadatti dAna- vidvAnoM aura vividha zAstroM ke jJAtAoM kA sammAna karanA Avazyaka hai| inakA Adara karanA inheM dAna denA samadattidAna hai| kanyAdAna ko bhI samadattidAna batAyA hai| sAdharmI ko kanyA denA cAhie, kyoMki hajAroM ajainoM se eka jaina kA upakAra karanA zreSTha hai| yaha vAkya AzAdharajI ke gambhIra jinadharmaprema ko batAtA hai| 2. pAtradatti dAna- digambara jaina dharma kA munimArga atyanta kaThina hai| aura isa kAla meM to usakA pAlana karanA aura bhI kaThina hai| tapasviyoM ke AhAradAna meM jyAdA soca-vicAra nahIM karanA caahie| jo munijana tapa-jJAna Adi meM viziSTa hoM gRhasthoM ko unakA adhika samAdara karanA caahie| dhana bhAgya se milatA hai| ataH bhAgyazAlI puruSoM ko koI muni AgamAnukUla mile yA na mile, unheM apanA dhana dhArmikoM meM avazya kharca karanA caahie| jina bhagavAna kA yaha dharma aneka prakAra ke manuSyoM se bharA hai| jaise-makAna eka stambha para nahIM Thahara sakatA, vaise hI dharma bhI eka puruSa ke Azraya se nahIM Thahara sktaa| nAma, sthApanA, dravya aura bhAva kI apekSA muni cAra prakAra ke hote haiM aura ve sabhI dAna-sammAna ke yogya haiN| jaise-pASANa vagairaha meM aMkita jinendra bhagavAna kI pratikRti pUjane yogya hai, vaise hI Ajakala muniyoM ko bhI pUrvakAla ke muniyoM kI pratikRti mAnakara pUjanA caahie| paNDita AzAdharajI ne vartamAna muniyoM meM pUrva muniyoM kI sthApanA karake unako pUjane kI preraNA dI hai| zubha bhAva puNya ke lie aura azubha bhAva pApa ke lie hotA hai, isalie muniyoM ke prati bhAva kharAba na kreN| kalikAla meM jinazAsana ko dhAraNa karanevAle ye muni AcArya, upAdhyAya aura sAdhu parameSThI kI taraha mAnya haiN| ___ muniyoM ko bhaktipUrvaka tapa aura jJAna meM upayogI AhAra, auSadhi aura pustaka (pIchI, kamaNDalu) Adi denA caahie| __jisa prakAra gRhastha apane vaMza kI paramparA calAne ke lie santAna utpanna karatA hai aura use guNI banAne kA prayatna karatA hai, usI taraha lokopakArI jaina dharma kI paramparA ko cAlU rakhane ke lie navIna muniyoM ko utpanna karane kA aura vartamAna muniyoM ko zrutajJAna Adi se utkRSTa banAne kA prayatna karanA caahie| 3. abhayadAna- abhayadAna sabhI dAnoM meM sarvazreSTha hai| jo abhayadAna detA hai use samasta zAstroM ke adhyayana, utkRSTa tapa aura sabhI dAna puNya kA phala prApta 156 :: pramukha jaina granthoM kA paricaya

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hotA hai| abhayadAna se tIrthaMkara, cakravartI aura devoM kI vibhUti kSaNamAtra meM hI prApta hotI hai tathA ApattiyA~ dUra hotI haiN| 4. dayAdatti dAna - jIvikA ke na honevAle dukhI aura apane Azrita manuSyoM aura tiryaMcoM kA dayAbhAva se bharaNa-poSaNa karanA caahie| zrAvaka ko dina meM hI bhojana karanA cAhie, rAtri meM sirpha jala, auSadhi evaM pAna Adi le sakate haiM / yaha kathana pAkSika zrAvaka ke lie hai| pAkSika zrAvaka ko samyagdarzana ko zuddha karane ke lie tIrthayAtrA Adi kriyA karanI cAhie tathA logoM ko apane anukUla karane ke lie premapUrvaka bhojana Adi karAnA cAhie / zrAvakoM ko apane vairAgya ko uttarottara bar3hAte hue jinendra bhagavAna ke upadeza kA pAlana karate hue krama se gyAraha pratimAoM kA pAlana karate hue munipada dhAraNa karake sallekhanApUrvaka maraNa prApta karanA cAhie / paM. AzAdharajI ne pAtradatti dAna ke sambandha meM muniyoM ko dAna dene ke sambandha meM jo bAta kahI hai, vaha bahuta hI sAragarbhita hai / kRpayA zrAvaka gaharAI se isa bAta ko smjheN| Aja ke kucha navayuvaka dharma kA parihAsa karate haiM, unheM samajhane ke lie yaha adhyAya bahuta hI mahattvapUrNa hai / tIsarA adhyAya (32 zloka ) tIsare adhyAya meM naiSThika zrAvaka kA svarUpa batAyA hai / isa adhyAya meM 32 zloka haiM / ina zlokoM meM batAyA gayA hai ki jo zrAvaka doSoM se rahita hokara dharma kA pAlana karatA hai, use naiSThika zrAvaka kahate haiM / naiSThika zrAvaka kA varNana tIsare adhyAya se sAtaveM adhyAya taka AtA hai / darzana Adi gyAraha pratimAoM ko dhAraNa karanevAlA zrAvaka naiSThika zrAvaka kahalAtA hai / isa adhyAya meM naiSThika zrAvaka ke paricaya meM hI chaha lezyAoM kA varNana bhI kiyA hai| Age AzAdharajI pahalI darzana pratimA kA paricaya dete haiM / usake bAda dArzanika pratimA ke aticAra batAte hue vaha kahate haiM ki zrAvaka ko madya, mAMsa, madhu aura makkhana kA tyAga karane ke bAda isakA vyApAra bhI nahIM karanA cAhie, aura na kisI se karAnA caahie| jo vyakti madya, mAMsa, madhu kA sevana karate haiM, unake sAtha khAna-pAna bhI nahIM karanA cAhie / aise sthAna para bhI nahIM jAnA dharmAmRta :: 157

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cAhie, jahA~ ve hoN| isameM bhI hiMsA kA doSa lagatA hai| __isake bAda AzAdharajI ne acAra, murabbA, pApar3a, dahI, puSpa evaM anajAna phala Adi ke bahuta hI gaharAI se doSa batAkara inheM tyAgane ko kahA hai| ___ isa adhyAya meM rAtribhojana tyAga, jalagAlana vrata, juA aura vezyAgamana Adi sAta vyasanoM ke doSoM kA paricaya vistAra se diyA hai| zrAvakoM ko ina vyasanoM ko tyAgane kI mArmika zikSA dI hai| yaha bahuta hI mahattvapUrNa adhyAya hai| zrAvakoM ko eka bAra isakA adhyayana avazya karanA caahie| cauthA adhyAya (64 zloka) caturtha adhyAya meM dUsarI vrata pratimA kA svarUpa batAyA hai| isameM 64 zloka haiN| pahalI pratimA ke kartavyoM kA pUrNa rUpa se pAlana karate hue jo niHzalya hokara pA~ca aNuvrata, tIna guNavrata aura cAra zikSAvratoM kA doSoM se rahita hokara pAlana karatA hai, vaha zrAvaka dUsarI vrata pratimAvAlA kahalAtA hai| isa adhyAya meM ina bAraha vratoM meM se pA~ca aNuvratoM aura inake aticAroM kA vistAra se varNana kiyA gayA hai| jinakA varNana hama pUrva granthoM meM kara cuke haiN| (dekheM pR. 112-113) pA~cavA~ adhyAya ( 55 zloka) paMcama adhyAya meM tIna guNavrata, digvrata, anarthadaNDa vrata aura bhogopabhogaparimANa vrata aura cAra zikSAvratoM dezAvakAzika, sAmayika, proSadhopavAsa aura vaiyAvRtya kA varNana aura inake aticAroM kA varNana hai| isakI zloka saMkhyA 55 hai| ina vratoM kA paricaya hama pUrva meM kara cuke haiN| (dekheM.pR. 113-120) chaThA adhyAya (45 zloka) isa adhyAya meM 45 zlokoM meM zrAvaka kI dinacaryA batalAI hai| zrAvakAcAra kI dRSTi se yaha eka bilakula navIna vastu hai, kisI anya zrAvakAcAra meM yaha nahIM miltii| zrAvaka kI apanI eka aisI dinacaryA honA Avazyaka hai, jisameM vaha apanA samaya dharma-dhyAnapUrvaka bitA sake aura apanA gRhasthAzrama bhI calA ske| vratI zrAvaka ko brahmamuhUrta meM uThate hI namaskAra mantra kA jApa karane ke pazcAt 'maiM kauna hU~, merA kyA dharma hai, mere vratAcaraNa kI kyA sthiti hai' ityAdi vicAra karanA caahie| aisA karane se hama apane Atmika kartavya ke prati bhI 158 :: pramukha jaina granthoM kA paricaya

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sAvadhAna raha sakate haiM aura apane doSoM ko dUra kara sakate haiN| durlabha ratna ke samAna prApta zrAvaka dharma meM Alasya chor3akara vratoM kA pAlana karanA caahie| zrAvaka ko nitya kRtya se nivRtta hokara (pratidina ke kArya pUrNa karake) ATha dravyoM se devadarzana-pUjana Adi karanA caahie| AzAdharajI ne mandira jAte samaya se lekara mandira se nikalakara jAne taka kI jo vidhi batAI hai vaha bhI bahuta hI upayogI hai| prAta:kAla kA samaya hai| sUryodaya ho rahA hai| use dekhakara mandira kI ora jAtA huA zrAvaka sUrya ko dekhakara arhantadeva kA smaraNa karatA hai ki unhoMne jagata kA ajJAnAndhakAra dUra kiyA thaa| jinamandira ke zikhara para lagI huI dhvajA ko dekhakara use jo Ananda hotA hai vaha pApa ko dUra karanevAlA hai| paira dhokara vaha mandira meM praveza karatA hai, 'niHsahI-ni:sahI' kahate hue jinAlaya ke bhItara praveza karatA hai, prasanna hote hue jina bhagavAna ko tIna bAra namaskAra karatA hai, stuti par3hate hue tIna pradakSiNA detA hai| vaha vicAratA hai ki yaha mandira samavasaraNa hai, yaha jinabimba sAkSAt arhantadeva haiN| mandira meM upasthita strI-puruSa samavasaraNa meM sthita bhavyaprANI hai| aisA vicArate hue vaha hRdaya se sabakI anumodanA karatA hai| jo jinavANI kA svAdhyAya karate haiM unheM sAkSAt samavazaraNa kA lAbha prApta ho sakatA hai| zrAvaka AcArya, upAdhyAya evaM sAdhuoM kI yathAyogya vinaya karatA hai| zArIrika aura mAnasika kaSToM se pIr3ita dIna puruSoM ke kaSToM ko dUra karane kA prayatna karatA hai| jinAlaya meM hAsya, zrRMgAra yukta ceharA, rUpa vilAsa, khoTI kathA, kalaha, nidrA, thUkanA aura cAroM prakAra kA AhAra, ye sAta kArya nahIM karanA caahie| yogya dhana kamAne kI vidhi- prAta:kAlIna dhArmika karma samApta karane ke bAda zrAvaka ko dhana ke upArjana karane meM jinadharma kA ghAta na ho, aisI sAvadhAnI baratanI caahie| mAdhyastha bhAva se sabhI ke sAtha samAna vyavahAra karanA caahie| vyApAra meM honevAle hAni-lAbha se harSa-viSAda nahIM karanA caahie| saccA zrAvaka madhyAhna bhojana karane se pUrva atithi kI pratIkSA karatA hai| apane parivAra ke saba logoM ko bhojana karAtA hai| Agrahavaza sAdharmI ke bhI ghara jAnA ho to rAtri meM banAyA gayA bhojana grahaNa nahIM karanA caahie| zrAvaka ko manoraMjana ke nAma para pApa ke sAdhanoM (sinemA, nATaka Adi) se bhI bacanA caahie| sacce zrAvaka kI dinacaryA aisI hI pavitra hotI hai| aise pavitra zrAvaka dharmAmRta :: 159

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jIvana bitAne ke pazcAt yadi muni banate haiM, to ve mokSa prApta karate haiN| isake bAda isa adhyAya meM abhiSeka kI vidhi batalAI hai aura kahA hai ki saMdhyA samaya meM sAmAyika aura guru kA smaraNa karanA caahie| rAtri meM vairAgya bhAvanA kA cintana karanA caahie| yathAzakti maithuna tyAga karane kI bhI zikSA isa adhyAya meM dI hai| isa prakAra vrata pratimAdhArI zrAvaka ke lie yaha adhyAya bahuta hI mahattvapUrNa hai| sAtavA~ adhyAya ( 60 zloka ) saptama adhyAya meM zeSa nau pratimAoM kA svarUpa batAyA hai| isameM 60 zloka haiM / jaba zrAvaka 11 pratimAoM ko dhAraNa kara letA hai, taba vaha utkRSTa zrAvaka kahalAtA hai| utkRSTa zrAvaka ke do prakAra aura unakA svarUpa bhI isa adhyAya meM varNita hai| ina pratimAoM kA vistAra se varNana pUrva meM likhA jA cukA hai / (dekheM pRSTha 121-122) AThavA~ adhyAya ( 11 zloka ) aSTama adhyAya meM sAdhaka zrAvaka ke bheda batAe haiN| isameM 11 zloka haiN| ina zlokoM meM varNita hai ki isameM jo sAdhanA karatA hai, use sAdhaka kahate haiM / jo jIvana kA anta samaya Ane para zarIra, AhAra aura mana-vacana-kAya se vyApAra ko tyAgakara dhyAnazuddhi ke dvArA AnandapUrvaka AtmA kI zuddhi kI sAdhanA karatA hai, vaha sAdhaka hai| paM. AzAdharajI kahate haiM ki munipada dhAraNa karanA sabase uttama hai, kintu kisI kAraNavaza munipada dhAraNa na kara pAe to anta meM jinaliMga yA sallekhanA dhAraNa karanI caahie| isa adhyAya meM sallekhanA ko bahuta hI sarala, sundara evaM vistAra rUpa se samajhAyA hai| jo utkRSTa zrAvaka sallekhanA grahaNa karanA cAhate haiM, vaha eka bAra isa grantha kA adhyayana avazya kareM / adhyAya ke anta meM AzAdharajI ne ArAdhaka ke bheda batAte hue use samAdhi ke sAtha maraNa karane ko kahA hai aura usakA vizeSa phala bhI batAyA hai / yathA 160 :: pramukha jaina granthoM kA paricaya

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muni ArAdhaka utkRSTa madhyama jaghanya zrAvaka pAkSika naiSThika sAdhaka paMDita AzAdharajI ne dharmAmRta grantha meM zramaNa aura zrAvaka kI prArambhika kriyA se lekara anta taka kI sampUrNa kriyAoM kA varNana kiyA hai| yaha vAstava meM eka adbhuta grantha hai| kucha viSaya to pUrva granthoM ke AdhAra para haiM, parantu kucha navIna viSayoM kA paricaya isa grantha kI upayogitA ko darzAtA hai / sAdhu kA sampUrNa dharma aura prArambhika zrAvaka se lekara utkRSTa zrAvaka kA sampUrNa dharma isa grantha meM eka sAtha hI par3hane ko mila jAtA hai / sudhI svAdhyAyapremiyoM ke lie vAstava meM * 'dharmAmRta' grantha anupama upahAra hai| dharmAmRta :: 161

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dravyasaMgraha grantha ke nAma kA artha isa grantha kA nAma 'dravyasaMgraha' hai| isameM jIva, pudgala, dharma, adharma, AkAza aura kAla-ina chaha dravyoM kA varNana kiyA gayA hai, isalie isakA nAma 'dravyasaMgraha' rakhA gayA hai| isa grantha meM bahuta hI sarala evaM choTI-choTI paribhASAoM ke dvArA chaha dravyoM ko samajhAyA gayA hai| granthakAra kA paricaya 'dravyasaMgraha' jaina dharma kA bahuta hI lokapriya grantha hai| AcArya nemicandra siddhAntideva ne vizeSa tattvoM ke jJAna ke lie dravyasaMgraha grantha kI racanA Azramanagara meM kI thii| inakA samaya vi.saM. kI 12vIM zatAbdI ke pUrvArdha meM mAnA jAtA hai| yaha grantha bahuta hI choTA hai| isameM kula 58 gAthAe~ haiN| parantu phira bhI yaha bahuta hI mahattvapUrNa grantha hai| grantha kA mahattva isa grantha kI itanI adhika vizeSatAe~ haiM ki inakA saMkSepa meM varNana karanA bahuta jarUrI hai| ina vizeSatAoM ko par3hakara pAThakagaNa isa grantha kA adhyayana karane ke lie utsuka hoNge| 1. isa grantha kI sabase bar3I vizeSatA yaha hai ki isameM mAtra 58 gAthAoM meM samagra jaina darzana ko saMkSepa meM pratipAdita kara diyA gayA hai| 'gAgara meM sAgara' kI ukti isa grantha meM pUrNata: caritArtha hotI hai| 2. isa grantha ko aura isake viSaya ko sabhI vidyAlayoM, mahAvidyAlayoM aura vizvavidyAlayoM meM par3hAyA jAtA hai| 162 :: pramukha jaina granthoM kA paricaya

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3. 'dravyasaMgraha' grantha vidvAnoM kI ruci kA viSaya hai, ataH isa para Alekha, seminAra, saMgoSThiyA~, zodhapatra evaM zodhakArya bhI hote rahate haiM / 4. jaina darzana ke prathamAnuyoga ke viSaya ko chor3akara zeSa sAre viSayoM karaNAnuyoga, caraNAnuyoga aura dravyAnuyoga kA sAra isa grantha meM samAhita hai / yahA~ taka ki tattvamImAMsA, AcAramImAMsA, vrata, samiti aura yoga ke viSaya bhI isa grantha meM samAhita haiM / 5. sabase bar3I bAta yaha hai ki yaha grantha sarala evaM saMkSipta hai| 6. yaha eka vaijJAnika grantha hai| jina viSayoM ko vijJAna abhI siddha kara rahA hai, una viSayoM ko eka hajAra varSa pahale hI AcArya isa grantha meM batA cuke haiN| jaise- jIva, pudgala, spesa (AkAza) ke bAre meM, kAla (samaya) ke bAre meM, aura dhyAna Adi ke bAre meM / 7. yaha eka krAntikArI racanA hai / samagra jaina samAja ko 1000 varSa pahale isa grantha ne abhUtapUrva yogadAna diyA thaa| isa grantha kI bahuta bar3I mahimA yaha hai ki lAkhoM loga isa grantha ko par3ha cuke haiN| 8. bhAratIya darzana kI tattva vyavasthA ke sAtha milAkara isa grantha ko par3ho, to yaha grantha jaina darzana ko Thosa AdhAra pradAna karatA hai| jaina darzana kI pUrI tattva vyavasthA ko saMkSepa meM isa grantha meM samajhAyA hai| 9. dhyAna ke bAre meM bahuta hI sarala, mArmika evaM gambhIra bAteM isa grantha meM kI gayI haiN| jisa viSaya para eka-eka hajAra pRSTha ke aneka grantha likhe haiM, usa dhyAna viSaya ko AcArya nemicandra siddhAntideva ne mAtra 6 gAthAoM meM bahuta hI sarala tarIke se samajhAyA hai| 10. 'dravyasaMgraha' grantha lagabhaga sabhI bhASAoM meM prakAzita ho cukA hai| isakI upayogitA evaM prasiddhi ke kAraNa sabhI dezavAsI ise apanI bhASA meM par3hate haiN| grantha kA mukhya viSaya isa grantha meM kula 3 adhikAra haiM, jinameM mAtra 58 gAthAoM meM hI samagra jaina darzana kA sAra samAhita hai / 1. SaDdravya - paMcAstikAya adhikAra (27 gAthA ) isa adhikAra meM sabase pahale AcArya jIva aura ajIva dravya ko samajhAnevAle dravyasaMgraha :: 163

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AdinAtha bhagavAna ko zIza jhukA kara namaskAra karate haiN| usake bAda chaha dravyoM kA vistRta varNana karate haiN| 'guNoM ke samUha ko dravya kahate haiN|' jaina darzana meM chaha dravya batAe haiN| mUla rUpa se dravya do haiM, jIva aura ajiiv| ajIva dravya ke pudgala, dharma, adharma, AkAza evaM kAla-ye pA~ca prakAra haiN| ina pA~coM meM jIva dravya milAne se chaha dravya' kahe jAte haiN| chaha dravyoM se milakara hI yaha jagata, yaha duniyA banI hai| dUsarA koI isa duniyA ko banAnevAlA nahIM hai| ina chaha dravyoM ko samajhane se hI pUre jagata kA svarUpa samajha A jAtA hai| pahale adhikAra meM inhIM jIva aura ajIva dravyoM ko samajhAyA gayA hai| 1. jIvadravya kA svarUpa jIva kI makhya nau vizeSatAe~ dUsarI gAthA meM batAI haiN| inhIM nau vizeSatAoM kA vistRta varNana gAthA 3 se lekara 14vIM gAthA taka kiyA gayA hai, jinakA saMkSepa meM paricaya yahA~ prastuta hai * jIva kI pahalI vizeSatA yaha hai ki jIva jItA hai| vaha cetanA (prANa) vAlA hai| binA cetanA ke koI jIva nahIM hotaa| jahA~ jIva hai, vahA~ cetanA hai| cetanA jIva ko pahacAnane kA sabase pramukha aura mahattvapUrNa upAya hai| * dUsarI vizeSatA yaha hai ki jIva jJAnavAlA hai, upayogavAlA hai| jJAna pA~ca prakAra kA hotA hai| matijJAna, zrutajJAna, avadhijJAna, manaHparyayajJAna, kevalajJAna, ina 5 samyagjJAnoM meM 3 kujJAna (kumatijJAna, kuzrutajJAna, kuavidhajJAna) milA dene se ATha prakAra kA jJAna ho jAtA hai| inameM se jIva ko koI bhI jJAna ho sakatA hai, para jJAna ke binA jIva nahIM ho sktaa| jahA~ jJAna hai, vahA~ jIva hai| * jIva kI tIsarI vizeSatA yaha hai ki jIva nizcaya se amUrtika hotA hai| isameM sparza, rasa, gaMdha aura varNa nahIM pAe jAte haiM, isalie jIva amUrtika hai| ise A~khoM se nahIM dekha sakate aura kAnoM se nahIM suna sakate, isalie jIva amUrtika * jIva kI cauthI aura pA~cavIM vizeSatA yaha hai ki jIva apane karmoM kA svayaM kartA bhI hai aura svayaM bhoktA bhI hai| jIva apane kAma svayaM karatA hai aura isakA phala bhI svayaM hI bhogatA hai| 164 :: pramukha jaina granthoM kA paricaya

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jaina darzana kI bahuta bar3I vizeSatA yahI hai ki isameM jIva apane karmoM kA karttA - bhoktA svayaM hI hai, anya koI nahIM / * jIva svadeha - parimANavAlA hai arthAt jIva meM saMkoca - vistAra kA guNa pAyA jAtA hai, isalie jIva jisa zarIra meM rahatA hai, usa zarIra ke AkAra pramANa ko dhAraNa kara letA hai / jisa prakAra eka dIpaka ko yadi choTe kamare meM rakhA jAe to vaha usa choTe kamare ko hI prakAzita karegA aura yadi vahI dIpaka kisI bar3e kamare meM rakha diyA jAe to vaha usa bar3e kamare ko prakAzita kregaa| ThIka usI prakAra eka jIva jaba cIMTI kA janma letA hai, to vaha usake zarIra meM samA jAtA hai aura jaba vahI jIva hAthI kA janma letA hai, to usake zarIra meM samA jAtA hai| ataH jIva zarIra ke anusAra hI usameM samA jAtA hai| jIva kI sAtavIM vizeSatA yaha hai ki jIva vartamAna meM cAroM gatiyoM meM bhramaNa kara rahA hai, bhaTaka rahA hai, ataH jIva saMsArI hai / saMsArI jIvoM ke bhI do bheda haiM, sthAvara jIva aura trasa jIva / sthAvara meM pRthvI, jala, agni, vAyu aura vanaspatikAyika jIva Ate haiM aura trasa meM do-indriya se lekara pA~ca - indriya taka ke sabhI jIva Ate haiM / * jIva cAroM gatiyoM se chUTakara, mukta hokara Upara uTha jAtA hai| jIva siddha bana jAtA hai| prAcIna kAla meM aneka jIva siddha hue haiM aura bhaviSyakAla meM bhI siddha baneMge / yahI jaina darzana kA siddhAnta hai / jIva kI parama avasthA mokSa hai| * yaha jIva Urdhvagati vAlA hai / jaise - havA kA svabhAva hai tirachA bahanA / pAnI kA svabhAva nIce bahanA hai| agni kA svabhAva hai Upara jAnA / isI taraha jIva kA svabhAva hai, Urdhva gamana karanA / jisa taraha havA calatI hai to agni idhara-udhara ghUma jAtI hai / usI taraha zubha-azubha karmoM ke kAraNa jIva idhara-udhara bhaTaka jAtA hai, para vAstava meM jIva kA svabhAva Urdhvagamana yA Upara jAnA hI hai / isa prakAra jIva kI ye 9 vizeSatAe~ haiM, jinake dvArA hama jIva ko acchI taraha jAna sakate haiM / 2. ajIva dravyoM kA svarUpa I jisameM jJAna, darzana aura cetanA nahIM ho, vaha ajIva dravya hai / ajIva dravya ke pA~ca bheda haiM- pudgala, dharma, adharma, AkAza aura kAla / inameM pudgala dravya mUrtika hai, dravyasaMgraha :: 165

Page #168
kyoMki isameM rUpa, rasa, gandha aura sparza- ye guNa hote haiN| dharma, adharma, AkAza aura kAla dravya amUrtika haiM, kyoMki inameM ye guNa nahIM pAe jAte haiN| 1. pudgala dravya : jisameM sparza, rasa, gandha, varNa mukhya rUpa se pAyA jAe, vaha pudgala hai| jisako hama indriyoM se jAnate haiM, jisameM pUraNa-galana hotA hai, jo ghaTatA-bar3hatA ho, vaha pudgala hai| jIva meM tor3aphor3a nahIM hotii| ajIva meM tor3aphor3a hotI hai| pudgala ke aneka rUpa haiN| zabda, bandha, sUkSma, sthUla, AkAra, Tukar3e, andhakAra, chAyA, udyota aura Atapa (USNa prakAza) ye dasa pudgala kI paryAyeM haiN| Aja vijJAna ina bAtoM para jora de rahA hai, para hajAra varSa pahale hI jaina AcAryoM ne yaha vaijJAnika bAta siddha kI thI ki zabdAdi ko hama samajha sakate haiM, pakar3a sakate haiM, vaha pudgala hai| 2- 3. dharmadravya, adharmadravya : isa duniyA meM do cIjeM pAI jAtI haiM- dharma aura adharma / jo jIva ko gamana karane meM sahAyatA karatA hai, vaha dharmadravya hai / jaise-- machalI, jala ke binA nahIM raha sakatI, machalI hajAra phuTa Upara se nIce giranevAle jala ke sahAre Upara car3ha sakatI hai evaM jala ke tIvra vega ke bIca meM ruka bhI sakatI hai| isI taraha jaba yaha jIva Urdhvagamana karatA hai, vaha jala meM machalI kI bhA~ti Upara ko car3hatA hai| usameM dharmadravya sahAyaka hotA hai / jo jIva ko rukane meM sahAyatA karatA hai, vaha adharma dravya hai / jaise - vRkSa kI chAyA hamezA vRkSa ke nIce Asa-pAsa hI rahatI hai| jaba pathika chAyA kA sthAna dekhakara rukanA cAhe to ruka sakatA hai| yadi rukanA na cAhe to chAyA pathika ko nIce se nikalane para rokatI nahIM hai| jisa prakAra chAyA rukate hue pathika ko rokane meM sahAyaka hai, usI prakAra adharma dravya rukate hu jIva aura pudgala rokane meM sahAyaka hai| 4. AkAza dravya : jIvAdi pA~ca dravyoM ko rahane ke lie jo avakAza yA sthAna detA hai, use AkAza kahate haiM / Aja vijJAna bhI AkAza ke bAre meM khoja kara rahA hai| AkAza aura spesa ( jagaha, sthAna) ke bAre meM AcArya 1000 varSa pahale hI isa grantha meM likha cuke haiN| yaha bahuta bar3I vaijJAnika khoja jaina AcArya kI hai ki AkAza yA spesa kabhI khatma nahIM hotA hai| jisa prakAra eka gilAsa ko pAnI se pUrA bhara do| loga samajhate haiM ki aba isameM koI jagaha yA sthAna nahIM bacA hai / para abhI bhI isameM bharapUra sthAna khAlI 166 :: pramukha jaina granthoM kA paricaya

Page #169
hai| isameM rAkha evaM namaka DAla sakate haiN| pina aura oNlapina DAla sakate haiN| isa taraha spesa kabhI khatma nahIM hotA hai / jisa prakAra jaba hama TaoNrca jalAte haiM, to TaoNrca meM Age jo gilAsa lagA huA hai, usameM hameM spesa yA jagaha dikhAI nahIM detii| usameM hama hAtha nahIM DAla sakate haiM, lekina jainAcArya kahate haiM ki isameM bIca-bIca meM cheda haiM, tabhI prakAza bAhara A rahA hai| yadi cheda yA spesa nahIM hotA to prakAza bAhara kaise A sakatA thA ? isa taraha hama kaha sakate haiM ki AkAza saba jagaha hai| sabhI meM vyApta hai / yaha kabhI khatma nahIM ho sakatA / 5. kAladravya : sabhI dravyoM meM jo parivartana hotA rahatA hai, usa parivartana meM jo kAraNa hai, vaha kAladravya kahalAtA hai / kAla ke binA duniyA meM kucha bhI nahIM hotA / jaise - kapar3A, makAna aura vastrAdi meM nirantara parivartana hotA rahatA hai| I kapar3A, makAna Adi jIrNa ho jAte haiN| manuSya, strI-puruSa pacAsa sau varSa purAne ho jAte haiM - yaha saba kAla dravya kA hI prabhAva hai| sUrya, candramA, dina aura rAta Adi saba kAla se hI cala rahe haiM / dAla pakane yA phasala pakane ke lie ucita sAdhanoM ke sAtha-sAtha kAla kA bhI honA jarUrI hai| yadi ucita samaya na diyA jAe to phasala paka nahIM sakatI athavA kharAba ho sakatI hai aura dAla bhI / kAladravya ananta pradezI hai| vaha eka-eka pradeza para TikA huA hai| jaiselokAkAza meM ananta pradeza haiN| eka-eka pradeza para eka-eka kAlANu TikA huA hai| isa prakAra kAla dravya kA svarUpa bar3e hI sundara aura vaijJAnika tarIke se isa grantha meM samajhAyA hai| astikAya - jo dravya asti rUpa ho evaM kAyavAna (bahupradezI) ho, use astikAya kahate haiM / 'astikAya' meM do zabda haiM - eka 'asti' aura dUsarA 'kAya' / jIva, pudgala, dharma, adharma aura AkAza - ye sadA rahate haiM, isalie inheM ' asti' kahate haiM tathA bahupradezI haiM isalie 'kAya' bhI kahate haiM / inheM 'paMcAstikAya' kahate haiM / 'paMcAstikAya' jaina darzana kI bahuta bar3I Thosa avadhAraNA hai, jise AcArya kundakunda ne apane 'paMcAstikAya saMgraha ' grantha meM bahuta vistAra se samajhAyA hai| isake bAda chaha dravyoM kI saMkhyA batAI hai| jIvadravya ananta haiM / pudgala dravya dravyasaMgraha :: 167

Page #170
anantAnanta haiM / dharmadravya, adharmadravya aura AkAza dravya eka-eka haiM / kAladravya asaMkhyAta haiN| isa prakAra isa pahale adhikAra meM chaha dravyoM kA svarUpa samajhAyA gayA hai, jo bahuta mahattvapUrNa haiN| 2. saptatattva-navapadArtha adhikAra ( 11 gAthA ) dUsarA adhikAra jaina darzana kI pUrI tattva vyavasthA ko samajhAtA hai| gAthA saMkhyA 28 se lekara 38 taka mAtra 10 gAthAoM meM Asrava Adi tattvoM evaM puNya-pApa kA lakSaNa evaM bheda batAe haiN| sAta tattva jIva, ajIva, Asrava, bandha, saMvara, nirjarA, aura mokSa - ina sAta tattvoM ko eka bahuta sundara udAharaNa se hama isa prakAra samajha sakate haiN| eka nagara thaa| nagara ke pAsa eka nadI bahatI thii| nagara meM eka AdamI thA / use roja nadI ke usa pAra dUra divya prakAza dikhAI detA thA / vaha roja subaha-zAma usa prakAza ko dekhA karatA thA / nadI ke usa pAra jAnA kaThina thA, para usake mana meM usa nagara meM jAne kI bahuta icchA thI / eka dina usane ThAna liyA ki cAhe kucha bhI ho, maiM usa nagara meM jarUra jAU~gA / usane apane ghara kA sArA sAmAna becaa| kucha rupaye aura jarUrI sAmAna eka peTI meM DAlakara vaha nadI ke usa pAra cala diyaa| nAva meM jo AdamI baiThA hai, vaha 'jIva tattva' hai| usane jo sAmAna sAtha liyA hai, rupaye aura peTI Adi, vaha ' ajIva tattva' hai| usane jaba nAva calAI to thor3I dUra jAne para patA calA ki nAva meM eka cheda hai aura usa cheda meM se pAnI andara A rahA hai| pAnI kA andara AnA Asrava tattva hai| pAnI andara Akara dUsarI jagaha jamA ho rahA hai, ikaTThA hotA jA rahA hai| yaha 'bandha tattva' hai / isase nAva hilane lagI, DUbane lgii| usane sabase pahale kapar3e se cheda ko banda kiyaa| cheda banda karanA 'saMvara tattva' hai / cheda banda hone se pAnI AnA banda ho gayA, jisase use rAhata mila gayI / parantu nAva meM jo pAnI thA, usa pAnI ko usane jaldI hI donoM hAthoM se, kapar3e se aura bartana se bAhara nikaalaa| yaha 'nirjarA tattva' hai| aba vaha nAva se nadI pAra karake usa divya nagara meM pahu~ca gayA / vahA~ pahu~cakara use parama zAnti prApta huI / use bar3A Ananda Ane lagA aura vaha vahA~ se 168 :: pramukha jaina granthoM kA paricaya

Page #171
vApasa lauTakara AyA hI nahIM / yaha 'mokSa tattva' hai| ThIka isI taraha hamArI AtmA 'jIva' hai / hamArA zarIra, dhana, makAna aura dukAna saba 'ajIva' haiM / hamArI AtmA meM jo zubha - azubha karma A rahe haiM, vaha 'Asrava' tattva hai| AtmA meM A-Akara hamArI AtmA meM jama rahe haiM, cipaka rahe haiM, vaha 'bandha' tattva hai / aura jaba jIva ko hoza A jAtA hai ki yaha kyA ho rahA hai taba vaha AtmA ko pavitra karane ke lie vrata, samiti rUpa saMvara dhAraNa karatA hai / karmoM kA AnA aura rukanA yaha 'saMvara' tattva hai / phira vaha tapa karatA hai aura sAre karmoM ko khirA detA hai, naSTa kara detA hai| yaha 'nirjarA' tattva hai / aura sAre karmoM ke khira jAne para, naSTa ho jAne para AtmA zuddha-buddha ho jAtA hai| vaha Atmatattva ko pA letA hai, vItarAgI ho jAtA hai, kevalajJAna prApta kara letA hai| yaha 'mokSa' tattva hai| " isa taraha kitane sarala aura saMkSipta tarIke se ye sAta tattva samajhAe haiN| sAta tattvoM kI paribhASA evaM bheda isa adhyAya meM die gaye haiM / paribhASAe~ bahuta sarala evaM choTI-choTI haiN| I nau padArtha pAThaka inheM AsAnI se samajha sakate haiM / inhIM sAta tattvoM meM puNya aura pApa jor3a dene para nau padArtha ho jAte haiN| zubha bhAva hone para puNya karma hotA hai / azubha bhAva hone se pApa karma hotA hai / isa prakAra isa adhyAya meM jaina darzana kI cAra bAtoM ko bahuta hI sarala tarIke se samajhAyA hai 'dravya' kI apekSA dekho to 'chaha dravya' haiM / ' kSetra' kI apekSA dekho to 'pA~ca astikAya' haiM / 'kAla' kI apekSA dekho to 'nau padArtha' haiN| aura 'bhAva' kI apekSA dekho to 'sAta tattva' haiM / samagra jaina darzana kA sAra ina cAra lAinoM meM hI samajhA diyA hai / dravya, kSetra, kAla aura bhAva se samajhAne kI yaha paddhati jainadarzana kI bar3I mahattvapUrNa paddhati hai / 3. mokSamArga adhikAra (20 gAthA ) tIsare mokSamArga adhikAra meM batAyA hai ki samyagdarzana, samyagjJAna aura samyakcAritra hI mokSamArga haiN| yaha tInoM milakara hI eka mokSamArga hai| eka bahuta khAsa bAta isa grantha meM AI hai ki vAstava meM samyagdarzana, samyagjJAna aura samyakcAritra kI dravyasaMgraha :: 169

Page #172
ArAdhanA nahIM karanI cAhie, balki yaha tInoM jisa AtmA meM haiM, usa AtmA kI ArAdhanA karanI caahie| yahI mokSamArga hai| AtmA ko chor3akara ratnatraya kI ArAdhanA nahIM hotii| ArAdhanA to AtmA kI hotI hai| yahI darzana hai| yahI jJAna hai| yahI cAritra hai| ratnatraya sahita AtmA hI mokSa kA kAraNa hotA hai| AtmA kA zraddhAna karanA nizcaya samyagdarzana hai| AtmA kA jJAna karanA nizcaya samyagjJAna hai| AtmA meM lIna honA samyakcAritra hai| jIvAdi sAta tattvoM kA zraddhAna karanA vyavahAra samyagdarzana hai| yaha samyagdarzana AtmA kA vAstavika svarUpa hai| isa samyagdarzana ke hone para jo jJAna hotA hai, vaha vyavahAra samyagjJAna kahalAtA hai aura vaha aneka prakAra kA hotA hai| samyakcAritra do prakAra kA hai-1. vyavahAra cAritra, 2. nizcaya caaritr| 1. azubha kAryoM ko chor3akara zubha kAryoM meM mana lagAnA vyavahAra cAritra hai| yaha cAritra pA~ca mahAvrata, pA~ca samiti aura tIna gupti milAkara teraha prakAra kA hotA hai| 2. saMsAra ke kAraNoM ko naSTa karane ke lie jJAnI puruSa bAharI kriyAoM ko rokate haiM, vaha nizcaya samyakacAritra hai| hameM jIvana meM vyavahAra cAritra kA pAlana karate hue nizcaya cAritra pAlanA caahie| donoM kA samanvaya karanA jarUrI hai, ati Avazyaka hai| munirAja donoM hI prakAra ke cAritra ko dhAraNa karate haiM, kyoMki vaha dhyAna karate haiM, dhyAna ke dvArA sabhI vikAroM ko dUra kara sakate haiN| dhyAna kI siddhi prApta karane ke lie iSTa aura aniSTa padArthoM meM rAga aura dveSa nahIM karanA caahie| mana ko sabhI vikAroM se mukta karake mana ko sthira karanA caahie| NmokAra mantra Adi aneka mantroM kI jApa karanA cAhie, jisase mana sthira ho jaae| jyAdA na kara sako, to sirpha 'OM' kA jApa kara mana ko sthira karanA caahie| dhyAna kI saralatA ke lie hI isa grantha meM pA~coM parameSThI ke guNoM kA bahuta sundara citraNa kiyA hai| jisase zrAvaka inake guNoM se anurAga karake dhyAna meM mana lagA sakate haiN| arihanta parameSThI ve haiM, jinhoMne cAra ghAtiyA karma naSTa kara die haiM, jo ananta darzana, sukha aura jJAna se yukta hai| siddha parameSThI ve haiM, jo ATha karmoM tathA pA~ca zarIra se rahita haiM, jo loka aloka ko jAnane va dekhanevAle haiM, loka ke zikhara para sthita haiN| 170 :: pramukha jaina granthoM kA paricaya

Page #173
AcArya parameSThI ve haiM, jo samyagdarzana aura samyagjJAna se yukta haiM, jo svayaM zreSTha cAritra dhAraNa karate haiM, bAraha vratoM kA pAlana karate haiM aura apane ziSyoM se bhI zreSTha cAritra evaM zreSTha tapa kA pAlana karAte haiN| upAdhyAya parameSThI ve haiM, jo ratnatraya se yukta haiM, nitya bhavya jIvoM aura ziSyoM ko dharmopadeza dete haiM / ve muniyoM meM zreSTha hote haiM / sAdhu parameSThI nizcaya se darzana aura jJAna se paripUrNa hote haiM aura cAritra ko nitya zuddha rIti se pAlana karate haiM / isa prakAra dhyAna karate samaya pA~coM parameSThI kA dhyAna karanA caahie| mana, vacana aura kAya ko pUrNa saMyamita karanA cAhie / AtmA meM sthira ho dhyAna karanA caahie| kyoMki dhyAna ke binA mokSa kI prApti sambhava nahIM hai| isa prakAra dhyAna kA bahuta hI sundara varNana isa grantha meM AyA hai / jo bAta bar3e-bar3e granthoM meM dhyAna ke viSaya meM kahI jAtI hai, vahI bAta saMkSepa meM aura sarala tarIke se isa grantha meM samajhAI hai| AcArya kahate haiM ki dhyAna karane kI sabase sarala paddhati yaha hai ki tuma kisI se kucha bolo mata, kucha soco mata, hiloDulo nahIM, basa baiTha jAo aura dhIre-dhIre mana lagane para NamokAra mantra bolo| pUrA nahIM to eka lAina bolo, eka lAina nahIM to sirpha 'U~' bolo| basa mantra kI sahAyatA se apanI AtmA ko AtmA se milAo / tabhI dhyAna kI siddhi aura mokSa prApti hogii| isa prakAra nemicandra muni ne bahuta hI saMkSepa meM jainadarzana ke chaha dravyoM evaM sAta tattvoM kA kathana isa dravyasaMgraha grantha meM kiyA hai / choTI-choTI paribhASAoM evaM bhedoM ke kAraNa yaha grantha pAThaka ke adhyayana ke lie sarala ho gayA hai| ekAgratA ke sAtha isa grantha kA adhyayana karane para pAThaka chaha dravya, sAta tattva, nau padArtha, pA~coM parameSThI evaM dhyAna - ina viSayoM ko gaharAI ke sAtha AsAnI se samajha sakate haiN| yaha grantha bahuta hI sundara, sarala evaM saMkSipta hai| isa choTe se grantha 'dravyasaMgraha' ne samAja va sAhitya ko mahattvapUrNa yogadAna diyA hai| nizcaya hI yaha grantha bhavya jIvoM ko dhyAna evaM mokSamArga ke lie mArgadarzana karegA / - dravyasaMgraha :: 171

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tattvArthasUtra grantha ke nAma kA artha tattvArthasUtra ke do nAma pracalita haiM- 1. mokSazAstra, 2. tattvArthasUtra / 1. mokSazAstra : isa zAstra meM mokSa evaM mokSamArga kA varNana kiyA gayA hai isalie ise mokSazAstra kahate haiM / isa zAstra kA prArambha 'mokSa' zabda se hotA hai, ataH isakA nAma mokSazAstra hai| prAcIna samaya meM aneka granthoM ke nAma pahale akSara ke AdhAra para hI hote the / jaise - bhaktAmara stotra, kalyANamandira stotra, devAgama stotra Adi / 1 2. tattvArthasUtra : 'tattvArthasUtra' nAma kA kAraNa yaha hai ki isameM sAta tattvoM kA sUtra zailI meM varNana kiyA gayA hai| sUtra use kahate haiM jisameM kama se kama zabdoM adhika se adhika bAta nirdoSa rIti se kahI jAtI hai| isa grantha meM sAta tattvoM kA varNana 10 adhyAyoM meM kiyA gayA hai| granthakAra kA paricaya tattvArthasUtra ke racayitA AcArya gRddhapiccha umAsvAmI haiM / inakA samaya prathamadvitIya zatAbdI mAnA jAtA hai| hameM bar3e kheda ke sAtha likhanA par3a rahA hai ki tattvArthasUtra ke racayitA kA Aja hamAre pAsa koI prAmANika paricaya upalabdha nahIM hai| grantha kA mahattva 1. tattvArthasUtra jaina dharma evaM darzana kA sUtragrantha hai| isakI racanA anya darzanoM ke sUtra-granthoM ke samAna huI hai| 172 :: pramukha jaina granthoM kA paricaya

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2. 'tattvArthasUtra' jaina darzana kA eka sarvAdhika mahattvapUrNa grantha hai| ise hama jaina darzana ke prAyaH sabhI viSayoM aura granthoM kA AdhArabhUta grantha bhI kaha sakate haiN| 3. saMskRta bhASA meM yaha sabase pahalA sUtragrantha hai aura AcArya gRddhapiccha umAsvAmI sarvaprathama saMskRta sUtrakAra haiM / 4. isa grantha kI sabase bar3I mahattA yaha hai ki yaha zvetAmbara aura digambara donoM hI sampradAyoM meM samAna rUpa se mAnya aura priya hai / 5. aneka mahAna AcAryoM ne isa para TIkAe~ likhI haiN| AcArya pUjyapAda, bhaTTa akalaMka deva aura AcArya vidyAnanda ne dArzanika TIkAe~ likhakara isa grantha kA mahattva vyakta kiyA hai| 6. 'tattvArthasUtra' jaina dharma kA sAragrantha hai| isake mAtra pATha karane yA zravaNa karane se eka upavAsa kA phala milatA hai / 7. 'tattvArthasUtra' ko jaina paramparA meM vahI sthAna prApta hai, jo hindU dharma meM 'bhagavadgItA' ko, islAma meM 'kurAna' ko aura IsAI dharma meM 'bAibila' ko prApta hai / yaha grantha jaina darzana kI gItA hai / 4 8. isa grantha meM karaNAnuyoga, caraNAnuyoga aura dravyAnuyoga kA sAra samAhita hai| 9. 'tattvArthasUtra' ke samAna sarvamAnya grantha jaina darzana meM anya koI nahIM hai / 10. isa grantha meM jinAgama ke mUla tattvoM ko bahuta hI saMkSepa meM varNita kiyA hai| 11. isa grantha meM sampUrNa bhUgola kA bhI varNana kiyA gayA hai| tIna lokoM kI bhaugolika saMracanA isa grantha meM varNita hai| 12. isa grantha para Aja taka lagabhaga hajAroM saMgoSThiyA~, seminAra aura svAdhyAyasabhAe~ Ayojita ho cukI haiN| 13. aneka vizvavidyAlayoM se 'tattvArthasUtra' grantha para aneka zodhakArya evaM laghu zodhakArya Adi ho cuke haiN| 14. itanI sArI vizeSatAoM aura mahattva ke kAraNa yaha grantha apanI alaga hI pahacAna banA cukA hai ' 15. 'tattvArthasUtra' grantha para vividha bhASAoM meM lagabhaga eka hajAra TIkAe~ likhI gayI haiM / tattvArthasUtra :: 173

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for tortor for pramukha TIkAe~ TIkAnAma TIkAkAra kAla 1. gaMdhahasti mahAbhASya AcArya samaMtabhadra svAmI I. pahalI zatAbdI 2. sarvArthasiddhi AcArya devanandi pUjyapAda I. pA~cavIM zatAbdI 3. tattvArthavArtika AcArya akalaMka deva I. chaThavIM zatAbdI 4. tattvArthazlokavArtika AcArya vidyAnandI I. AThavIM zatAbdI 5. tattvArthasAra AcArya amRtacaMdrasUri I. dasavIM zatAbdI 6. tattvArthavRtti AcArya zrutasAgarasUri I. caudahavIM zatAbdI grantha kA mukhya viSaya isa grantha meM kula dasa adhyAya aura 357 sUtra haiN| dasa adhyAyoM meM sAta tattvoM kA varNana kiyA gayA hai| jIva tattva kA varNana : pahale se caturtha adhyAya taka ajIva tattva kA varNana : paMcama adhyAya meM Asrava tattva kA varNana : chaThe aura sAtaveM adhyAya meM bandha tattva kA varNana : AThaveM adhyAya meM saMvara-nirjarA tattvoM kA varNana : naveM adhyAya meM mokSa tattva kA varNana : dasaveM adhyAya meM maMgalAcaraNa mokSamArgasya netAraM, bhettAraM krmbhuubhRtaam| jJAtAraM vizvatattvAnAM, vande tdgunnlbdhye|| grantha kA prArambha isa maMgalAcaraNa se kiyA hai| jaina paramparA meM isa maMgalAcaraNa ko atyadhika mahattvapUrNa mAnA jAtA hai, kyoMki isameM kisI vyakti vizeSa ko nahIM, apitu vItarAga-sarvajJa-hitopadezaka bhagavAna ko praNAma kiyA gayA hai| AcArya umAsvAmI kisI laukika AkAMkSA ke binA, mAtra unake uttama guNoM ko prApta karane kI prArthanA vItarAga deva se karate haiN| isa maMgalAcaraNa kI sabase bar3I vizeSatA yaha hai ki isa zloka ke AdhAra para hI aneka svatantra grantha likhe gaye haiN| jaise-AptaparIkSA, AptamImAMsA aadi| ___ ata: isa zloka ko acche se par3hanA aura samajhanA caahie| 174 :: pramukha jaina granthoM kA paricaya

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pahalA adhyAya ( 33 sUtra) isa adhyAya meM kula 33 sUtra haiN| sabase pahale sUtra meM mokSamArga batAte hue kahA gayA hai ki samyagdarzana, samyagjJAna aura samyakcAritra-ina tInoM kI ekatA hI mokSamArga hai| jIva, ajIva, Asrava, bandha, saMvara, nirjarA aura mokSa-ina sAta tattvoM kA samIcIna zraddhAna samyagdarzana hai| samyagdarzana do prakAra se utpanna hotA hai-(1) pUrva ke saMskAra dvArA svayaM hI, (2) dUsare ke upadeza dvaaraa| samyagdarzana samyagjJAna dvArA hI hotA hai, ataH sarvaprathama jIvAdi sAta tattvoM kA samIcIna jJAna prApta karanA caahie| yaha samIcIna jJAna pramANa-naya-nikSepa se hotA hai| pramANa aura naya se jJAna-viSayaka carcA kA prArambha hotA hai| tattvArthasUtra meM jJAna ko hI pramANa mAnA hai aura jJAna ke pA~ca bheda batalAe haiM-matijJAna, zrutajJAna, avadhijJAna, mana:paryayajJAna aura kevalajJAna / pramANa ke do bheda haiM-pratyakSa aura prokss| jo jJAna AtmA se hI utpanna hote haiM, ve pratyakSa jJAna haiN| jo jJAna indriya aura mana kI sahAyatA se hote haiM, ve parokSa jJAna haiN| matijJAna aura zrutajJAna-ye do parokSa jJAna haiN| zeSa tIna jJAna (avadhijJAna, manaHparyayajJAna aura kevalajJAna) pratyakSa jJAna haiN| isa adhyAya meM ukta pA~coM jJAnoM kA varNana vistAra se kiyA hai| naya pramANa kA hI eka aMza hotA hai| pramANa aura naya meM yaha antara hai ki pramANa sampUrNa vastu ko jAnatA hai aura naya usake eka-eka aMza ko mukhya rUpa se aura gauNa rUpa se jAnatA hai| __ pramANa aura nayoM ke aneka bheda-prabheda isa adhyAya meM batAe haiN| dUsarA adhyAya ( 53 sUtra) dvitIya adhyAya meM 53 sUtroM meM jIva tattva kA kathana kiyA hai| jIva ke pA~ca asAdhAraNa bhAva (svatattva) haiM 1. aupazamika, 2. kSAyika, 3. mizra (kSAyopazamika) 4. audayika, 5. pAriNAmika 1. aupazamika bhAva : inako hama udAharaNa dvArA samajha sakate haiN| jaise koI gandA pAnI hotA hai, miTTIvAlA pAnI hotA hai| usameM miTTI nIce jama jAtI tattvArthasUtra :: 175

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hai| usI prakAra aupazAmika bhAva hote haiN| ye bhI thor3I dera ke lie azubha karmoM ke daba (kama ho) jAne para udaya meM Ate haiN| jaise-hamArA krodha kabhI-kabhI zAnta ho jAtA hai| jo nirmala bhAva hote haiM, ve aupazamika bhAva haiN| 2. kSAyika bhAva : jaise-gande pAnI meM phiTakarI DAlane se pAnI pUrI taraha sApha ho jAtA hai, usameM gandagI nahIM rhtii| usI taraha kSAyika bhAva hote haiN| inameM kaSAya pUrI taraha se naSTa ho jAtI hai| jo kSaya se hote haiM ve kSAyika bhAva haiN| eka bAra kSAyika bhAva (pUrNa zuddha, nirmala bhAva) ho jAne para punaH malina nahIM hote haiN| ___ 3. mizra (kSAyopazamika bhAva) : jo bhAva kSaya aura upazama donoM se hote haiM ve mizra haiN| jaise-nitArA huA paanii| jo sApha bhI hai aura jisameM thor3I miTTI gandagI bhI hai| para isameM gandagI alaga hai aura sApha pAnI alaga hai| 4. audayika bhAva : ye bhAva nadI ke jala ke samAna hote haiM jisameM thor3I gandagI bhI hai| jo karma ke udaya se hote haiM ve audayika bhAva haiN| 5. pAriNAmika bhAva : jo pUrI taraha zuddha haiM, sApha pAnI jaise haiM, jharane ke pAnI ke samAna pUrI taraha nirmala haiM, jo pUrI taraha karma-nirapekSa haiM, ve pAriNAmika bhAva haiN| isa adhyAya meM AtmA ke ukta pA~ca sUkSma bhAvoM kA varNana kiyA hai| AtmA ke (jIva ke) sUkSma bhAvoM ko varNana karane ke pazcAt AtmA (jIva) kA lakSaNa kyA hai? vaha batAyA hai| AtmA kA lakSaNa upayoga (jJAna) hai| kyoMki hama AtmA ko (jIva ko) A~khoM se nahIM pahacAna sakate haiN| usako hama cetanA se hI jAna sakate haiN| jJAna se hI pahacAna sakate haiN| jisameM jJAna (upayoga) ho, darzana ho evaM cetanA ho, vaha AtmA hai, vahI jIva hai| jIva ke bhI do prakAra haiM-saMsArI aura mukt| saMsArI jIva ke do prakAra haiM-sthAvara aura trs| sthAvara jIva ke 5 prakAra haiM-pRthvI, agni, jala, vAyu aura vnspti| jaina darzana mAnatA hai ki pRthvI bhI jIva hai, agni bhI jIva hai, jala, vAyu aura vanaspati bhI jIva hai| jo bAta vijJAna Aja siddha kara rahA hai, jisa para lAkhoM risarca cala rahe haiM, vahI bAta jainAcArya hajAroM sAla pahale likha cuke haiM, hameM batA cuke haiN| trasa do-indriya se lekara pA~ca-indriya taka ke jIvoM ko kahate haiN| jaise laTa, cIMTI, kRmi, bhauMrA, mnussy| hama saba trasa jIva haiN| saba jIvoM meM jAnane, dekhane 176 :: pramukha jaina granthoM kA paricaya

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Adi kI zakti hai| isake bAda pA~ca indriyA~, unake prakAra, mRtyu aura janma ke bIca kI sthiti, janma ke prakAra, unakI yoniyA~, jIvoM meM janmoM kA vibhAga, zarIra ke bheda, unake svAmI, liMga kA vibhAga aura jIva kI Ayu Adi aneka viSayoM kA sarala varNana isa adhyAya meM kiyA hai| tIsarA adhyAya (39 sUtra) tIsare adhyAya meM 39 sUtroM meM adholoka aura madhyaloka kA varNana hai| adholoka meM 7 naraka haiM, jinameM nArakI jIva bahuta lambe samaya taka rahate haiN| ina narakoM meM azubha zarIra aura azubha pariNAmoM ko sahate hue bahuta dukha sahana karanA par3atA hai| pahale naraka se jyAdA dukha dUsare naraka meM hai| dUsare naraka se jyAdA tIsare meM hai| isa taraha kramaza: narakoM meM jyAdA dukha sahana karane par3ate haiN| isI taraha pahale naraka meM sabase kama Ayu hotI hai, bAda ke narakoM meM Ayu kramaza: adhika bar3hatI jAtI hai| sAtaveM naraka meM sabase adhika samaya taka rahanA par3atA hai| sabase adhika Ayu sAtaveM naraka meM hotI hai| isa taraha isa adhyAya meM sAtoM pRthiviyA~, sAtoM narakoM kI saMkhyA, nArakI jIvoM kI dazA evaM unakI dIrgha Ayu Adi aneka bAtoM kA varNana kiyA hai| madhyaloka meM aneka dvIpa-samudra haiM jo sabhI valayAkAra haiN| inhIM meM bharata, airAvata, videha Adi aneka kSetra haiM aura gaMgA, sindhu Adi nadiyA~ bhI haiN| isa taraha isa adhyAya meM madhyaloka ke dvIpa, samudra, parvata, nadiyoM evaM kSetroM kA varNana kiyA hai sAtha hI manuSya aura tiryaMcoM kI Ayu bhI batalAI hai| cauthA adhyAya ( 42 sUtra) cauthe adhyAya meM Urdhvaloka (devaloka) kA varNana kiyA hai| deva cAra prakAra ke haiM-bhavanavAsI, vyantara, jyotiSI aura vaimaanik| 1. bhavanavAsI deva : bhavanavAsI deva apane bhavanoM meM rahate haiM, ina bhavanoM ko hama nahIM dekha skte| yaha bhavana pRthvI ke nIce bhI pAe jAte haiN| bhavanavAsI deva ke asura kumAra, nAga kumAra, vidyuta kumAra, suparNa kumAra, agni kumAra, vAta kumAra, stanita kumAra, udadhi kumAra, dvIpa kumAra aura dik kumAra-ye dasa prakAra haiN| 2. vyantara deva : duniyA meM bhUta, preta jise kahate haiM, ve vyantara deva haiN| ve tattvArthasUtra :: 177

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kahIM bhI hote haiN| unako avadhijJAna hotA hai| jisase ve manuSya ko kabhI sukha dete haiM, kabhI dukha dete haiN| ye ATha prakAra ke hote haiM kinnara, kiMpuruSa, mahoraga, gandharva, yakSa, rAkSasa, bhUta aura pishaac| 3. jyotiSI deva : jaina dharma ke anusAra sUrya, candra, nakSatra aura tAre-ye sabhI jyotiSa deva haiN| sUrya, candra, nakSatra aura tAre-inake andara deva rahate haiN| unheM jyotiSI deva kahate haiN| ____4. vaimAnika deva : vaimAnika devoM ko kalpavAsI deva bhI kahate haiN| ye 16 prakAra ke hote haiM-saudharma, IzAna, aadi-aadi| ye deva Aja dikhAI bhI nahIM dete| ye sirpha bhagavAna evaM tIrthaMkara ke paMcakalyANakoM meM jAte haiN| kisI kI parIkSA lene bhI jAte haiN| solahaveM svarga meM sabase jyAdA sukha hai, jabaki vahA~ sabase kama parigraha haiN| isa prakAra isa adhyAya meM devoM aura devaloka kA vistRta varNana kiyA gayA pA~cavA~ adhyAya ( 42 sUtra) pA~caveM adhyAya meM 42 sUtra haiN| yaha adhyAya dArzanika dRSTi se bahuta mahattvapUrNa hai| isameM ajIva tattva kA varNana kiyA hai| isameM jIva, pudgala, dharma, adharma, AkAza aura kAla-ina cha: dravyoM kA varNana AyA hai| isake atirikta pratyeka dravya ke pradezoM kI saMkhyA, kSetra, pratyeka dravya ke kArya Adi batalAe haiN| pratyeka dravya kA vistAra se varNana kiyA hai| chaThA adhyAya (27 sUtra) 27 sUtroM meM Asravatattva kA svarUpa aura usake bheda-prabheda Adi batalAe haiN| Asrava do prakAra ke hote haiM-(1) azubha Asrava, (2) zubha aasrv| mana-vacana-kAya kI kriyA yoga hai, vahI Asrava kA kAraNa hai| yadi vaha kriyA zubha ho to puNyAtrava hotA hai aura azubha ho to pApAsrava hotA hai| Asrava do anya prakAra kA bhI hai-sAmparAyika aura iiryaapthik| jo jIva krodha, mAna, mAyA aura lobha cAroM kaSAya se yukta hote haiM, unheM sAmparAyika Asavra hotA hai| jo jIva kaSAyarahita hote haiM, unheM IryApathika Asrava hotA hai| kina-kina kAryoM ko karane se kisa-kisa karma kA Asrava hotA hai, isakA varNana isa adhyAya meM kiyA gayA hai| 178 :: pramukha jaina granthoM kA paricaya

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sAtavA~ adhyAya ( 39 sUtra) isa adhyAya meM zubha Asrava kA varNana kiyA hai| hiMsA, jhUTha, corI, abrahma aura parigraha kA tyAga karanA hI vrata hai| isakA ekadeza arthAt gRhastha bhI pAlana kara sakate haiM aura sarvadeza arthAt muni bhI pAlana kara sakate haiN| __isa adhyAya meM ina pA~coM vratoM kA svarUpa, vratoM ko sthira karanevAlI bhAvanAe~, sAta zIla kA varNana kiyA hai| ina vratoM meM pramAdavaza jo doSa lagatA hai use aticAra kahate haiN| pratyeka vrata ke zIla ke pA~ca-pA~ca aticAra batAe haiN| zubhAsrava ke lie dAna kA svarUpa evaM phala kA mahattva bhI batAyA hai| jIvana ke anta meM sallekhanA dhAraNa kara mokSa prApta karane ke lie agrasara hone kI zikSA dI isa prakAra yaha adhyAya zrAvakoM ke lie bahuta mahattvapUrNa hai| isameM caraNAnuyoga kI zikSA dI gayI hai| AThavA~ adhyAya ( 26 sUtra) isa adhyAya meM bandha tattva kA varNana kiyA hai| jIva kaSAya aura karmodaya ke kAraNa jo karma grahaNa karatA hai, vaha bandha hai| bandha ke 5 kAraNa haiM-mithyAdarzana (ulTA jJAna), avirati, pramAda (Alasya), kaSAya (krodha Adi), yoga (manavacana-kAya kI kriyaa)| ina bandha ke kAraNoM ko hameM dUra karanA caahie| vyakti mana-vacana-kAya kI kriyA para to dhyAna de detA hai, lekina jo bandha ke pahale, dUsare mukhya kAraNa haiM, una para dhyAna nahIM detA hai| hameM sabase pahale mithyAdarzana ko dUra karanA hogaa| phira avirati, pramAda, kaSAya aura yoga Adi kAraNoM ko| jaise-yadi kisI vyakti ne kisI seTha se 99,999 rupaye udhAra lie hoM to use pA~ca kistoM meM udhAra cukAne ke lie sabase pahale 90,000 rupae dene hoNge| yadi vaha cAhe ki sirpha 9 rupaye dekara yA 99 rupaye dekara karja utAra le to yaha nahIM ho sktaa| usI taraha hameM bhI bandha ke pramukha kAraNoM para dhyAna dekara inheM haTAnA hogaa| isa prakAra isa adhyAya meM karma-bandha ke mUla hetu, unake svarUpa tathA unake bhedoM kA vistArapUrvaka kathana kiyA hai| pratyeka karma kA svarUpa bhI batalAyA hai| tattvArthasUtra :: 179

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navA~ adhyAya ( 47 sUtra) naveM adhyAya meM saMvara aura nirjarA tattvoM kA varNana hai| Asrava kA nirodha saMvara hai| saMvara 3 gupti, 5 samiti, 10 dharma, 12 anuprekSA, 22 pariSaha aura 5 cAritra se hotA hai| isa adhyAya meM saMvara kA svarUpa, saMvara ke hetu, gupti, samiti, dazadharma, dvAdaza anuprekSA, bAIsa parISaha aura pA~ca cAritra Adi batalAe haiN| nirjarA tapa se hotI hai| tapa do prakAra kA hai-bahiraMga tapa aura aMtaraMga tp| ina donoM ke chaha-chaha prakAra haiN| isa prakAra bAraha tapa aura unake bheda-prabheda kA varNana isa adhyAya meM hai| adhyAya ke anta meM dhyAna kA svarUpa, kAla, dhyAtA, dhyAna ke bheda evaM pA~ca prakAra ke nirgrantha sAdhuoM kA varNana AyA hai| dasavA~ adhyAya (1 sUtra) ina nau sUtroM meM mokSatattva kA varNana kiyA hai| cAra ghAtiyA karmoM ke naSTa ho jAne se kevalajJAna utpanna hotA hai, arihanta avasthA kI prApti hotI hai| isake bAda zeSa karmoM ke bhI nAza ho jAne se jIva pUrNa mukta ho jAtA hai| siddha ho jAtA hai| vaha loka ke agrabhAga taka Urdhvagamana karatA huA sthita ho jAtA hai| isa prakAra hama kaha sakate haiM ki tattvArthasUtra meM sAta tattva ke prayojana se jainadarzana ke adhikAMza viSaya samAhita ho gaye haiM aura unake adhyayana se pAThaka ko jainadarzana kI paryApta jAnakArI upalabdha ho jAtI hai| ataH upavAsa kA phala prApta karane ke lie aura sampUrNa tattvajJAna prApta karane ke lie isa grantha kA svAdhyAya avazya kreN| tattvArthasUtra' grantha jaina siddhAnta kI kuMjI hai| 180 :: pramukha jaina granthoM kA paricaya

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iSTopadeza grantha ke nAma kA artha isa grantha kA nAma 'iSTopadeza' hai| iSTopadeza kA matalaba hai-'iSTa+upadeza' / iSTa kA artha hai-hita, sukha yA mokSa aura upadeza kA artha hai use samajhAnevAlA shaastr| isa prakAra iSTopadeza kA artha hai-mokSa kA upadeza, uttama upadeza, hitakArI updesh| isa grantha meM AtmA ke hita kA uttama upadeza diyA hai, isalie isakA nAma 'iSTopadeza' hai| granthakAra kA paricaya 'iSTopadeza' kI racanA Aja se lagabhaga 1500 varSa pUrva AcArya pUjyapAda ne kI thii| AcArya pUjyapAda bahuta hI vidvAna aura adbhuta pratibhA ke dhanI the| AcArya pUjyapAda kA vAstavika nAma devanandi thA, lekina ve itane mahAna the ki duniyA unako pUjyapAda arthAt jinake caraNa pUjanIya hai aise pUjya caraNa (pUjyapAda) ke nAma se jAnane lgii| inakA samaya chaThI zatI ke madhyakAla kA mAnA jAtA hai| Apane manazuddhi, vacanazuddhi aura kAyazuddhi tInoM ke lie granthoM kI racanA kI thii| unhoMne manazuddhi ke lie iSTopadeza aura samAdhitantra jaise AdhyAtmika grantha likhe, vacanazuddhi ke lie jainendra vyAkaraNa grantha likhA hai aura kAyazuddhi lie Ayurveda ke grantha likhe haiN| tattvArthasUtra para inake dvArA likhita 'sarvArthasiddhi' TIkA bahuta prasiddha hai| grantha kA mahattva 1. 'iSTopadeza' grantha jaina dharma kA eka mahAna AdhyAtmika grantha hai| iSTopadeza :: 181

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2. mAtra 51 zlokoM meM pUre adhyAtma kA sAra isameM samAhita hai| yaha grantha 'gAgara meM sAgara' kI yukti ko caritArtha karatA hai / 3. pichale 1500 varSoM se isa grantha ko par3hA jA rahA hai| vidyAlayoM evaM vizvavidyAlayoM meM bhI isa grantha ko par3hAyA jAtA hai| 4. isa grantha para aneka AcAryoM ne TIkAe~ bhI likhI haiN| 5. yaha grantha saMkSipta, sarala aura sundara hai| grantha kA viSaya 'iSTopadeza' grantha meM mAtra 51 zloka haiM / ina zlokoM meM adhyAtma kA paricaya hai / isa grantha ko par3hakara koI bhI vyakti adhyAtmavidyA ko AsAnI se samajha sakatA hai| AcArya pUjyapAda maMgalAcaraNa meM kisI bhI vizeSa bhagavAna, tIrthaMkara yA AcArya Adi ko namaskAra nahIM kiyA hai| unhoMne zuddhAtmA aura paramAtmA ko namaskAra kiyA hai / ve kahate haiM ki jisa jIva ne apane karmoM kA nAza karake apane zuddha svarUpa kI prApti kara lI hai, maiM usI zuddhAtmA, paramAtmA ko namaskAra karatA huuN| isa prakAra isa grantha kA maMgalAcaraNa bhI apane Apa meM bar3A hI anUThA aura AdhyAtmika hai| isake bAda AcArya adhyAtma ke viSaya ko bahuta hI gaharAI se udAharaNoM dvArA samajhAkara kahate haiM ki AtmA svabhAva se paramAtmA hai, lekina anAdikAla se isameM rAga-dveSa kA maila milA huA hai| jisa prakAra sone ko jaba jamIna se nikAlA jAtA hai, taba sone ke sAtha-sAtha usameM malinatA aura kAlimA bhI hotI hai / parantu jaba sunAra usa sone ko agni meM tapAtA hai, taba usakI malinatA aura kAlimA naSTa ho jAtI hai, aura vaha pUrNa zuddha sonA ho jAtA hai| isI taraha hamArI AtmA bhI anAdikAla rAga-dveSa meM pha~sI huI hai| hameM bhI apanI AtmA ke maila rAga- -dveSa kA dUra haTAkara AtmA ko pUrNa zuddha karanA hai| taba hama paramAtmA ko jAna sakate haiN| jisa taraha bhinna-bhinna dizAoM aura kSetroM se Akara bahuta sAre pakSI rAta meM alaga-alaga vRkSoM para baiTha jAte haiM aura subaha hote hI sabhI pakSI alagaalaga dizAoM meM ur3a jAte haiM / isI taraha AtmA bhI alaga-alaga zarIra dhAraNa karatA hai, samaya Ane para eka zarIra chor3akara dUsare zarIra meM pahu~ca jAtA hai / isalie hameM para padArthoM (dhana, paisA aura makAna) aura parivAra ke logoM ke prati 182 :: pramukha jaina granthoM kA paricaya

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moha bhAva ko chor3anA caahie| kyoMki koI kisI ke pAsa zAzvata nahIM rahatA hai| pati, patnI, putra aura mAtA-pitA parivAra ke saba loga eka per3a para ikaTThe hue pakSI ke samAna haiN| sabhI ko samaya Ane para alaga-alaga sthAna para alagaalaga maMjila para cale jAnA hai| paramArtha se koI kisI kA nahIM hai| yaha bAta hama sabako acche se samajhanA cAhie / dhana ke prati moha rakhanA dukha kA kAraNa hai koI bhI vyakti dhana, parigraha Adi ko jor3a-jor3akara sukhI nahIM ho sakatA hai| dhana se vyakti sukhI hotA hai, yaha bahuta bar3I bhrAnti hai / parigraha dukha kA hI kAraNa hai / jaise koI vyakti bukhAra Ane para ghI pIkara apane ko svastha mAna le to yaha usakI galata bhrAnti hai, usI taraha dhana arjita hone para hama sukhI hoMge - yaha mAna lenA bahuta bar3I bhrAnti hai / ataH dhana, parigraha Adi padArthoM ke prati hamArA dRSTikoNa sahI honA cAhie / jaise - kisI jaMgala meM Aga laga jAne para sAre pazu-pakSI jala rahe haiM / usI jaMgala meM per3a para eka AdamI baiThA hai aura vaha yaha saba dekha rahA hai| lekina vaha yaha nahIM samajha rahA hai, maiM bhI jalanevAlA hU~ / ThIka isI taraha jaMgala meM baiThe usa AdamI kI taraha hama haiN| kyoMki isa duniyA meM pratidina aneka durghaTanAe~, mRtyu, samasyAe~ aura aneka roga ho rahe haiN| sabhI kI taraha eka dina hama bhI isa duniyA se cale jaaeNge| yaha bAta hama saba dekhate aura jAnate haiM / magara yaha nahIM socate ki eka dina yahI sthiti hamAre sAtha bhI honevAlI hai| AcArya pUjyapAda vairAgya kI zikSA dete hue kahate haiM ki aba tuma adhyAtma vidyA ko samajha lo, zarIra ko chor3akara AtmA ko jAna lo / yadi tuma zarIra ke upakAra meM lage rahe to AtmA kA nukasAna ho jAegA aura phira tuma AtmA ko nahIM samajha skte| anAdikAla se hama zarIra aura parivAra ko hI sambhAla rahe haiM, ataH aba hameM zarIra se dhyAna haTAkara AtmA ko samajhanA cAhie / eka tarapha divya cintAmaNi ratna 'AtmA' hai aura dUsarI ora khalI kA Tukar3A ( para padArtha ) hai / to buddhimAna vyakti divya cintAmaNi ratna arthAt AtmA ko hI prApta karanA cAhatA hai| isa AtmA ko dhyAna ke dvArA hama prApta kara sakate haiN| hamAre jIvana kI bar3I upalabdhi tabhI hogI, jaba hama AtmA kA anubhava kara leNge| AtmA zarIra ke andara rahatA hai, para vaha zarIra nahIM hai / use hama anubhava se jAna sakate haiN| zarIra meM jo jAnane-dekhanevAlI caitanya zakti hai, jo hameM mahasUsa hotI hai, vahI AtmA hai| AtmA ko jAnA jA sakatA hai, samajhA jA sakatA hai| iSTopadeza :: 183

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AtmA kA anubhava kiyA jA sakatA hai| yadi hama ekAgratA se, gambhIratA se usa para dhyAna deM to hama AtmA ko samajha sakate haiN| isake lie hameM pratidina thor3I dera dhyAna karanA caahie| hameM cintana karanA cAhie ki maiM eka hU~, maiM nirmama hU~, zuddha hU~, zarIra se bhinna hU~ aura jJAnasvabhAvI hU~, paramANu mAtra dUsarI vastu merI nahIM hai| merA janma nahIM hai, merI mRtyu nahIM hai, mujhe roga nahIM hai, maiM bAlaka nahIM hU~, maiM vRddha nahIM hU~, yaha saba zarIra kI avasthA hai| maiM to caitanya tattva huuN| anAdi aura ananta huuN| aisA dhyAna karanA caahie| ___ jo jIva parapadArthoM ke prati mamatA rakhatA hai, vaha dukhI hotA hai aura jo parapadArthoM se mamatA nahIM rakhatA, vaha apanI AtmA ke sAtha apanA sambandha sthApita karake sukhI rahatA hai| kyoMki mamatA dukha kA kAraNa hai aura samatA sukha kA kAraNa hai| yaha hamAre Upara hai ki hama kyA cunate haiM, dukha yA sukh| saMsAra meM jitane bhI parapadArtha haiM, vaha saba hamane pichale janmoM meM aneka bAra bhoga lie haiM, aisA koI bhI padArtha nahIM haiM, jo hameM Aja taka prApta nahIM huA hai| sAre padArtha hama bAra-bAra bhoga kara chor3a cuke haiN| phira Aja inheM pAkara hameM kauna sA lAbha prApta hogA? parapadArthoM ne hameM pahale bhI sukhI nahIM kiyA, Aja bhI sukhI nahIM kara sakate haiN| tuma dUsaroM kA upakAra karanA chor3a do| pahale apanA upakAra karane meM samaya lgaao| apanI pUrI icchAzakti se aura dRr3hatA se apanA upakAra kro| jo vyakti apanA upakAra chor3akara dUsaroM kI bhalAI meM lagA rahatA hai, vaha ajJAnI hai, mUrkha hai| duniyA meM koI bhI vyakti mUrkha ko jJAnI aura jJAnI ko murkha nahIM banA sktaa| saba nimitta mAtra haiN| saba apane-apane karmoM aura nimitta se apanA lAbha prApta karate haiN| ekAnta meM baiThakara apane mana ko smjhaao| usako dekhane kI koziza karo, usako anubhava karane kI koziza kro| jaba hameM AtmA kA anubhava hone lagegA, taba hameM pA~coM indriyoM ke viSaya sulabha hone para bhI rucikara nahIM lgeNge| AtmA ke Ananda ke sAmane saMsAra kA Ananda dukharUpa lgegaa| jaba tumheM AtmA kA anubhava hogA, taba tuma eka aise vItarAgI AdhyAtmika puruSa bana jAoge, jo sAre vizva ko jAla (makar3I ke jAla) ke samAna dekhatA hai, para isa jAla meM phaMsatA nahIM hai| vaha kahIM bhI apanatva sthApita nahIM karatA, kisI se rAga-dveSa nahIM krtaa| vaha apane zarIra kI bhI paravAha nahIM krtaa| vaha jahA~ rahatA hai, vahIM use Ananda 184 :: pramukha jaina granthoM kA paricaya

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kA anubhava hone lagatA hai| 'para' (dUsare padArtha) se dukha prApta hotA hai aura 'sva' (AtmA) se sukha prApta hotA hai, isalie vidvAna AtmA ko pAne ke lie prayatna karate haiM / yahI asalI dharma hai| sukha zAnti kA yahI mUla mantra hai / isalie jisane AtmA ko jAna liyA vaha jJAnI hai| jisane AtmA ko nahIM jAnA vaha ajJAnI hai| ataH Atma tattva ko jAno, jJAnI bano aura AtmA kA anubhava karo, kyoMki AtmadhyAna ke dvArA parama Ananda kI prApti hotI hai / sArI jinavANI kA sAra aura tattva kA sAra itanA hI hai ki 'jIva anya hai, pudgala anya hai' arthAt AtmA alaga hai aura zarIra alaga hai / jisane yaha sAra samajha liyA usane jinavANI aura tattva kA sAra samajha liyA / isa taraha hama jIva ko jIva samajheM, pudgala ko pudgala smjheN| jIvana meM samatA bhAva apnaaeN| jo vyakti iSTopadeza ko samajha jAtA hai, vaha ghara meM ho yA vana meM ho; vaha anAsakta, virAgI aura samyagdRSTi dharmAtmA hai / vahI sukha, zAnti aura mokSa lakSmI prApta karatA hai / jisane iSTopadeza grantha ko samajha liyA, usakA jIvana AdhyAtmika ho jAtA hai, ataH isa grantha kA svAdhyAya avazya kareM / iSTopadeza :: 185

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samAdhitantra grantha ke nAma kA artha isa grantha ke do nAma pracalita haiM- 1. samAdhizataka, 2. smaadhitntr| 'samAdhi' zabda kA artha- samAdhi kA artha hai- dhyAna karanA, AtmA meM lIna honA yA AtmA meM lIna hokara yoga karanA / jaba AtmA apane ko Adhi, vyAdhi aura upAdhi se Upara uThA letA hai, usakA nAma hai - samAdhi | Adhi = mAnasika roga, vyAdhi = zArIrika takalIpha, upAdhi = bAharI tkliiph| jaba jIva svayaM ko sabhI mAnasika, zArIrika aura bAharI takalIphoM se dUra karake AtmA meM hI lIna ho jAtA hai taba vaha samAdhi ko prApta karatA hai| samAdhi kA matalaba yahA~ maraNa nahIM hai / samAdhi apanI AtmA, paramAtmA ko prApta karane kA sAdhana hai| 1. 'samAdhizataka' nAma isalie prasiddha hai, kyoMki isa grantha meM samAdhi ke viSaya ko lagabhaga 100 (107) zlokoM meM batAyA gayA hai| lagabhaga 100 zloka haiM, ataH isakA nAma 'samAdhizataka' hai| 2. 'samAdhitantra' nAma isalie rakhA, kyoMki 'tantra' kA matalaba hotA hai mArga, sAdhana, kArya, paddhati yA upAya / yaha grantha samAdhi kA sAdhana batalAtA hai, AtmA se paramAtmA banane kA upAya batalAtA hai, isalie isakA nAma 'samAdhitantra' hai| granthakAra kA paricaya yaha grantha AcArya pUjyapAda ne likhA hai| inakA mUla nAma devanandi thaa| inakA samaya chaThI zatI kA madhyakAla mAnA jAtA hai| AcArya pUjyapAda adbhuta pratibhA ke dhanI aura prakANDa vidvAna the| Apa prasiddha kavi the / isake sAtha hI Apa Ayurveda, vyAkaraNa, adhyAtma aura nyAya Adi vividha viSayoM ke jJAtA the / ina sabhI viSayoM 186 :: pramukha jaina granthoM kA paricaya

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para Apane bar3e mahattvapUrNa grantha likhe haiN| Apako kaviyoM meM tIrthaMkara ke samAna mAnA jAtA thA, kyoMki Apane kaviyoM kA patha-pradarzana karane ke lie lakSaNagrantha kI racanA kI thii| sabhI paravartI AcAryoM ne Apako namaskAra kiyA hai| kahA jAtA hai ki AcArya pUjyapAda videha kSetra jAyA karate the| racanAe~- AcArya pUjyapAda kI nimnalikhita racanAe~ upalabdha haiM1. dasabhakti 2. janmAbhiSeka 3. tattvArthavRtti (sarvArthasiddhi) 4. samAdhitantra 5. iSTopedeza 6. jainendravyAkaraNa 7. siddhipriya-stotra grantha kA mahattva 1. isa grantha meM adhyAtma kA sampUrNa viSaya mAtra 107 zlokoM meM diyA gayA hai| 2. yaha adhyAtmavidyA kA bahuta mahattvapUrNa evaM sarala grantha hai| 3. sabase khAsa vizeSatA hai ki isameM bahuta sAre sUtra haiN| ina choTe-choTe sUtroM aura vAkyoM meM bar3I-bar3I bAtoM evaM gambhIra viSaya ko sarala tarIke se samajhAyA hai| jaise * zarIra meM Atmabuddhi hI samasta dukhoM kA mUla kAraNa hai| * AtmA meM Atmabuddhi hI dukhoM se mukti kA sarala upAya hai| * bahirAtmA zarIra ke sukha ke lie dharma karatA hai, to vaha dharma acchA nahIM hotaa| sArthaka evaM phaladAyI nahIM hotA, aadi-aadi| * isa grantha meM bahirAtmA, antarAtmA aura paramAtmA ke svarUpa kA vistArapUrvaka varNana kiyA hai| sarala udAharaNa dekara ina tInoM ko samajhAyA hai| * isa grantha meM AtmA, zarIra, indriya aura karmasaMyoga, ina sabakA saMkSepa meM bahuta hI sarala evaM hRdayasparzI varNana kiyA hai| * isa grantha meM zarIra aura AtmA ke bheda ko bahuta acche se samajhAyA hai| grantha kA mukhya viSaya AcArya sabase pahale maMgalAcaraNa meM siddha bhagavAna ko namaskAra karate haiM, kyoMki siddha bhagavAna ne AtmA ko hI apanA mAnA hai, dUsare padArthoM ko apanA nahIM mAnA hai| isa grantha ke mAdhyama se AcArya apane zrotA ko bAra-bAra yahI kahate haiM ki samAdhitantra :: 187

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sirpha zuddha AtmA para hI dhyAna do| AtmA ko jAno aura smjho| usI kA dhyAna karo, usI para vizvAsa karo aura usI kA AcaraNa kro| usake bAda AcArya ne AtmA ke tIna prakAra batAe haiM-1. bahirAtmA, 2. antarAtmA, 3. prmaatmaa| 1. bahirAtmA- bahirAtmA vaha hai, jo zarIra, makAna, dukAna aura parivAra Adi bAharI padArthoM meM apanApana mAnatA hai, unako apanA mAnatA hai| 2. antarAtmA- jo apane antaraMga jJAna tattva ko hI apanA mAnatA hai, vaha antarAtmA hai| 3. paramAtmA- jo AtmA ko jAnakara AtmA meM hI lIna ho jAtA hai, zuddha ho jAtA hai, buddha ho jAtA hai, vaha paramAtmA hai| paramAtmA ke aneka nAma haiMnirmala, kevala, zuddha, prabhu, avyaya, parameSThI, parAtmA, paramAtmA, Izvara aura jina aadi| bahirAtmA bahirAtmA ko hama ina udAharaNoM dvArA AsAnI se samajha sakate haiN| * bahirAtmA apane AtmajJAna se dUra hotA hai| vaha apane zarIra ko hI AtmA ke rUpa meM jAnatA hai| jaise-bahirAtmA manuSya zarIra meM ho to svayaM ko manuSya mAnatA hai| strI-zarIra meM hai to svayaM ko strI jAnatA hai| tiryaMca-zarIra meM hai to tiryaMca jAnatA hai| parantu vAstava meM AtmA manuSya, strI, puruSa aura tiryaMca nahIM hai| * bahirAtmA, apane zarIra ke samAna hI dUsaroM ko bhI strI, puruSa, manuSya aura tiryaMca Adi samajhatA hai| bahirAtmA sva aura para ko bhinna-bhinna nahIM jaantaa| sva ko para, para ko sva mAnatA hai| jaise-svayaM ko gorA, kAlA, javAna, bUr3hA samajhatA hai, dUsaroM ko gorA aura kAlA samajhatA hai| usakI sArI dRSTi zarIra para hI kendrita hotI hai| zarIra ke kAraNa hI vaha putra, patnI, pati aura mAtA-pitA Adi ko apanA mAnatA hai| * zarIra meM Atmabuddhi honA saMsAra ke dukhoM kA mUla kAraNa hai| isake kAraNa hI zarIra ke nAza para vaha dukhI ho jAtA hai| saMyoga meM khuza aura viyoga ho jAne para dukhI ho jAtA hai| * bahirAtmA mAnatA hai ki maiM bola rahA hU~, bImAra ho rahA hU~, tarakkI kara rahA hU~, nIce gira rahA hU~ aadi-aadi| 188 :: pramukha jaina granthoM kA paricaya

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antarAtmA antarAtmA kA svarUpa samajhAte hue ve kahate haiM ki jo sAdhaka ina bAhya viSayoM ko chor3akara apanI antarAtmA meM praveza karatA hai, vaha antarAtmA hai| vaha socatA hai ki maiM anAdikAla se apane Apako pA~coM indriyoM ke mAdhyama se viSayoM meM pha~sA rahA huuN| para vAstava meM, maiM na rogI hU~, na merI mRtyu na merA janma hai aura na merI mRtyu hai / na strI hU~ aura na puruSa huuN| jo AtmA meM AtmA kA anubhava karatA hai, vaha maiM hU~ / * eka bahuta sundara udAharaNa dete hue kahate haiM ki jaise-ThUMTha ko puruSa samajhakara yadi koI vyakti use khAnA khilAe, kapar3e pahanAe, pyAra se rakhe, usase ha~sakara bole to loga use mUrkha samajhate haiM, kyoMki yaha saba vyartha hotA hai| usI prakAra antarAtmA socatA hai ki maiMne apane zarIra ke sAtha jo bhI kriyA kI hai, use sajAyA-sa~vArA hai, vaha saba vyartha hai / * antarAtmA socatA hai ki maiMne jaba taka zarIra ko apanA mAnA, taba taka mujhe zatru aura mitra dikhAI die; para aba AtmA ko jAnane ke bAda yaha jagata na merA zatru hai aura na merA mitra hai| isa prakAra hameM bahirAtmabhAva ko chor3akara apanI antarAtmA meM lIna honA caahie| jaise - yadi hama robaoNTa ko pyAra kareM to kyA vaha hameM pyAra karegA ? usI prakAra zarIra se pyAra karane meM, apanA mAnane meM kevala dukha hI milatA hai| kyoMki hama samajhate haiM ki ye gAr3I, paMkhe, e.sI., ghara aura parivAra hameM sukha de rahe haiM, para vAstava meM ye kevala zarIra ko hI sukha de rahe haiN| aba bAhara se dhyAna haTAo / sArI indriyoM ko apane Apa meM saMyamita karo / antaraMga meM apane jJAna tattva aura jJAnadhArA ko jAno / apane Apako AtmA I * meM lIna kara do, yahI AtmA hai / yahI paramAtmA hai| harAtmA parigraha aura anya para padArthoM ke sAtha bar3I icchA aura vizvAsa ke sAtha jIvana jItA hai, para ye padArtha sabase jyAdA hAnikAraka aura dukhadAyI siddha hote haiN| jinako yaha apanA mAnatA hai, jinake pAsa rahatA hai, ve dukha ke sAdhana haiM aura jinase dUra bhAgatA hai, DaratA hai ve hI sabase jyAdA sukha denevAle haiN| isalie hameM bAhya padArthoM ko chor3akara antarAtmA meM mana lagAnA caahie| antarAtmA socatA hai ki jo parama AtmA hai vahI maiM hU~, aura jo maiM hU~, vahI parama AtmA hai| isalie merI hI upAsanA sAdhanA mujhe hI karanA hai| kyoMki bahuta muzkila se maiM apane Apako indriya-viSayoM se dUra kara svayaM meM, AtmA meM sthita samAdhitantra :: 189

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huA huuN| parama Ananda se paripUrNa huA huuN| jJAnAtmA ko prApta huA huuN| jo AtmA ko avinAzI aura zarIra se alaga nahIM jAnatA hai, vaha utkRSTa tapa bhI kara le to use mokSa prApta nahIM hotaa| mokSa-prApti ke lie use apanI AtmA ke svarUpa ko samajhanA pdd'egaa| yahA~ AtmA ko jAnane kA bahuta acchA upAya bhI batalAyA hai| jaise-kisI bartana meM pAnI bharA huA hai| vaha hila rahA hai| usameM hameM ceharA dikhAI nahIM detaa| lekina yadi pAnI sthira aura zAnta ho jAe to hameM AsAnI se ceharA dikhAI degaa| usI taraha hameM apanA AtmA taba taka dikhAI nahIM degA, jaba taka hamArA citta rAga-dveSa rUpI laharoM se caMcala hai| jaba hamArA mana sthira ho jAegA, zAnta ho jAegA, taba hameM Atma tattva kA darzana avazya ho jaaegaa| __ jo bahirAtmA hai, jo zarIra ko apanA mAnatA hai, vaha samajhatA hai ki merA mAna huA, merA sammAna huaa| para jo AtmA ko jAna letA hai, use mAna-sammAna kI cintA nahIM hotI hai| bahirAtmA zarIra ko hI apanA samajhatA hai, isalie vaha zarIra aura divya bhogoM kI AkAMkSA karatA hai| jabaki antarAtmA tattvajJAnI puruSa inase chuTakArA pAne kI icchA karatA hai| bahirAtmA yadi dharma bhI karatA hai, to usakA dharma svArthapUrti ke lie hotA hai| isalie vaha dharma acchA nahIM mAnA jaataa| vaha svarga ke sukhoM kI icchA, sundara zarIra, vaibhava aura aizvarya kI icchA karatA hai| uparyukta sabhI bAtoM ko samajhAkara AcArya kahate haiM ki aba zarIra se mana ko haTAkara AtmajJAna meM laga jaao| adhika se adhika samaya AtmA ke dhyAna meM lgaao| vacana aura zarIra ko bhI AtmA se mukta kara do| arthAt na kucha bolo, na kucha kro| kucha karanA bhI hai, to sirpha AtmajJAna aura dhyAna ke lie hI kro| vahI soco jisase tumhArI AtmA kA hita ho| sirpha apanI AtmA meM hI mana lgaao| jaba tuma AtmajJAna ko samajha jAo to dUsaroM ko samajhAne ke cakkara meM bhI mata lgo| dUsaroM ko mata samajhAo, apanA samaya naSTa nahIM kro| samajhadAra apane Apa samajha jaaegaa| jo nAsamajha hai, use kabhI, koI bhI nahIM samajhA sakatA hai| isa prakAra isa grantha kA mUla sandeza yahI hai ki mana ko zAnta karo aura AtmA ko jaano| jJAna ko jJAna meM lIna kro| taba bahirAtmA antarAtmA banatA hai aura antarAtmA paramAtmA bana jAtA hai| 190 :: pramukha jaina granthoM kA paricaya

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paramAtmA paramAtmA ke svarUpa ko samajhAte hue kahate haiM ki jaba taka prANI zarIra, vANI aura mana ina tInoM ko apanA mAnatA hai, taba taka saMsAra hai| jaba AtmA tInoM se bhinna (alaga) ho jAtA hai taba paramAtmA bana jAtA hai| use mokSa kI prApti ho jAtI hai| AtmA zuddha aura buddha ho jAtA hai| zarIra aura AtmA kI bhinnatA ko yahA~ bahuta acchA udAharaNa dekara samajhAte * jisa taraha vastra bhinna hote haiM aura zarIra bhinna hotA hai| vastra moTA, patalA, kAlA, sapheda, lAla aura pIlA kaisA bhI ho, usake jaisA zarIra nahIM hotaa| usI taraha zarIra moTA, patalA, gorA aura kAlA kaisA bhI ho, usake jaisA AtmA nahIM hotA hai| jJAnI vyakti svayaM ko zarIra nahIM mAnatA hai| * vastra ke phaTa jAne para yA kharAba ho jAne para jJAnI vyakti svayaM ko phaTA yA kharAba nahIM mAnatA hai, usI prakAra vaha zarIra ke naSTa ho jAne para, bImAra ho jAne para AtmA ko bImAra yA naSTa ho gayA; aisA nahIM mAnatA hai| * jJAnI vyakti zarIra se prema nahIM karatA hai, kyoMki zarIra hI sabhI / parezAniyoM kI jar3a hai| yadi zarIra se prema naSTa ho jAe to dhana, daulata, dukAna, makAna aura parivAra Adi ke kAraNa jo dukha haiM, saMkaTa aura parezAniyA~ haiM saba naSTa ho jAtI haiN| * jJAnI vyakti logoM kI saMgati se bhI dUra rahatA hai, kyoMki logoM kI saMgati se vANI kI caMcalatA hotI hai| jisase mana kI caMcalatA bhI bar3hatI hai| ataH mana meM zAnti ke lie, dhyAna ke lie jana-saMgati se dUra rahanA caahie| * AtmajJAnI ke lie gA~va yA jaMgala-ye do sthAna hote haiN| vaha kahIM bhI rahe, para vaha AtmA meM hI rahatA hai| ataH hama kahIM bhI raheM, para AtmA meM rheN| tabhI acchA hogaa| __ * AtmA hI AtmA kA guru hai, kyoMki AtmA hI AtmA ko janma yA nirvANa kI ora le jAtA hai| __ * AtmajJAnI manuSya zarIra ke nAza ho jAne para aisA samajhatA hai ki eka vastra ko chor3akara dUsarA vastra dhAraNa kara liyA ho| parantu zarIra ko hI apanA mAnanevAlA vyakti mRtyu ko nikaTa jAnakara yA parivAra Adi ke viyoga ho jAne para bhayabhIta ho jAtA hai| dukhI ho jAtA hai, ataH samAdhitantra :: 191

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hameM AtmA ko hI apanA mAnakara use hI samajhanA cAhie, kyoMki rAstA to eka hI apanAnA hogaa| yadi vyavahAra meM sote raheM to AtmA ko jAna leMge aura yadi AtmA ko jAnane meM sote raheM to vyavahAra ko hI apanA maaneNge| ataH AcArya kahate haiM ki AtmA aura zarIra kA bhedavijJAna dUsaroM se to bahuta bAra suna lete haiN| dUsaroM ko bhedavijJAna samajhA bhI dete haiN| parantu jaba taka, hama bheda vijJAna ko samajhakara apanI AtmA ko nahIM jAna lete, taba taka mokSa prApta nahIM ho sakatA, isalie AtmA ko zarIra se alaga smjho| AtmA meM isa prakAra kho jAo ki sote samaya svapna meM bhI Apako zarIra aura AtmA alaga-alaga dikhAI de| liMga, vezabhUSA Adi zarIra para Azrita hote haiM, ataH AtmajJAnI manuSya liMga aura vezabhUSA para Azrita nahIM hotaa| yadi vaha ina vikalpoM meM ulajhegA to AtmA ke parama pada ko prApta nahIM kregaa| jo ajJAnI hai, bahirAtmA hai, vaha liMgajAti ke vikalpa meM phaMsA rahatA hai aura vaha AtmA ke parama pada ko prApta nahIM kara skte| __zarIra ko apanA mAnanevAlA bahirAtmA sampUrNa zAstroM kA jJAtA aura jAgRta ho jAne para bhI zarIra se mukta nahIM hotaa| AtmajJAnI manuSya jo AtmA ko hI apanA mAnatA hai, vaha supta aura unmatta (pAgala) hone para bhI mukta ho jAtA hai| ataH apanI AtmA se bhinna arahaMta-siddharUpa AtmA kI upAsanA karanevAlA upAsaka svayaM arahaMta-siddharUpa paramAtmA bana jAtA hai| jaise-dIpaka se jyoti alaga hai, para jyoti kI upAsanA karate-karate vaha svayaM jyotirmaya bana jAtI hai| arthAt AtmA, AtmA kI hI upAsanA kara paramAtmA bana jAtA hai| ataH sadA AtmA kI hI upAsanA karanA caahie| para meM ahaM buddhi chor3akara AtmA meM mana lagAnA caahie| tabhI janma-maraNa ke dukha dUra kara jyotirmaya sukha (mokSa sukha) ko prApta kara sakate haiN| ata: samAdhi hI sukha kA mArga hai| jo zrAvaka AtmA se paramAtmA banane kA upAya batalAnevAle isa 'samAdhitantra' grantha ko jAnakara evaM samajhakara Atmatattva ko prApta karegA, vaha janma-maraNa se mukta hokara anantajJAna evaM mokSasukha ko prApta kregaa| 192 :: pramukha jaina granthoM kA paricaya

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kArtikeyAnuprekSA grantha ke nAma kA artha isa grantha kA nAma hai kArtikeya + anuprekSA / kArtikeya isa grantha ke racanAkAra kA nAma hai aura anuprekSA kA artha hai, bArambAra cintana karanA / svAmI kArtikeya ne bAraha bhAvanAoM (anuprekSAoM) kA varNana isa grantha meM kiyA hai, ataH isakA nAma kArtikeyAnuprekSA hai / isakA anya nAma 'bArasa- aNuvekkhA' arthAt bAraha bhAvanA bhI hai| granthakAra kA paricaya kArtikeyAnuprekSA ke racayitA AcArya kArtikeya haiN| unakA dUsarA nAma svAmI kumAra bhI hai| AcArya kArtikeya kA samaya vikrama saMvat kI dUsarI-tIsarI zatI mAnA jAtA hai| zubhacandra bhaTTAraka ne bArasa- a - aNuvekkhA ke racayitA kA nAma kArtikeya batAyA hai, unhoMne kahA hai ki kArtikeya muni dAruNa ( bhayAnaka) upasarga ko samatAbhAva se sahana kara samAdhipUrvaka maraNa dvArA devaloka ko prApta hue haiM / svAmI kArtikeya pratibhAzAlI, Agama ko jAnanevAle aura apane samaya ke prasiddha AcArya haiN| inakI eka mAtra racanA kArtikeyAnuprekSA hI hai / grantha kA mahattva 1. ye bAraha anuprekSAe~ jinAgama ke anusAra kahI gayI haiM / 2. jo bhavya jIva inako par3hatA, sunatA aura bhAvanA bhAtA hai, use zAzvata sukha prApta hotA hai| kArtikeyAnuprekSA :: 193

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3. caJcala mana evaM viSaya-vAsanAoM ke nirodha ke lie ye anuprekSAe~ likhI gayI haiN| 4. ye bAraha bhAvanAe~ saMyama kI zikSA denevAlI aura vairAgya jananI haiN| 5. AcArya umAsvAmI dvArA likhita 'tattvArthasUtra' grantha ke anusAra hI isa grantha meM bAraha bhAvanAoM kA krama AyA hai| kyoMki mUlAcAra, bhagavatIArAdhanA, AcArya kundakunda dvArA racita 'bAraha - aNuvekkhA' meM bAraha bhAvanAoM kA krama thor3A bhinna hai / 6. manovijJAna, adhyAtma, vairAgya, bhUgola Adi kI zikSA denevAlA yaha mahattvapUrNa grantha hai| 7. zramaNa (muni) aura zrAvaka donoM hI ekAgratA ke sAtha isa grantha kA adhyayana karate haiN| 1 grantha kA mukhya paricaya kArtikeyAnuprekSA meM 489 gAthAe~ haiN| inameM adhruva, azaraNa Adi bAraha anuprekSAoM kA vistArapUrvaka varNana kiyA hai| sAtha meM prasaMgavaza jIva Adi sAta tattvoM ke svarUpa ke sAtha dvAdazavrata, pAtroM ke bheda, dAtA ke sAta guNa, dAna kI zreSThatA, dAna kA mahattva, sallekhanA, daza dharma, samyaktva ke ATha aMga, bAraha prakAra ke tapa evaM dhyAna ke bheda-prabhedoM kA varNana kiyA gayA hai| AcArya kA svarUpa evaM Atmazuddhi kI prakriyA isa grantha meM vistArapUrvaka varNita hai| maMgalAcaraNa : maMgalAcaraNa meM sabase pahale AcArya deva, zAstra, guru ko namaskAra karate haiM / isake bAda pA~coM parameSThiyoM ko namaskAra kiyA hai| anuprekSA kA artha : anuprekSA kA sAmAnya artha hai bArambAra cintana karanA / ina bAraha bhAvanAoM kA bAra-bAra cintana karanA hI dvAdazAnuprekSA hai| 1. adhruva anuprekSA ( gAthA 4 se 22 ) adhruva kA artha hai naSTa honA / jagata meM jo kucha bhI utpanna huA hai, usakA naSTa honA nizcita hai / jo dravya, jIva aura ajIva utpanna hote haiM, unakA nAza bhI hotA hai / yaha paryAya kA svabhAva hai| isameM harSa - viSAda (sukha - dukha) nahIM karanA cAhie / jisakA janma huA hai usakA maraNa nizcita hai / yauvana hai to bur3hApA nizcita hai 1 lakSmI hai to vinAza nizcita hai / isa prakAra saba vastue~ asthira kSaNabhaMgura haiN| 194 :: pramukha jaina granthoM kA paricaya

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ataH prANiyoM ko iSTa kI prApti meM harSa aura aniSTa kI prApti meM dukha nahIM karanA cAhie, jo samAna bhAva se rahatA hai, vahI jJAnI hai| parivAra, putra, strI, sundaratA, sage-sambandhI aura godhana ityAdi sArI vastue~ megha (bAdala) ke samAna asthira haiN| prANI indriyoM ke viSaya, naukara, ghor3e, hAthI, ghara, mahala inameM sukha mAnatA hai, parantu ye saba kSaNa-vinazvara haiN| ___ jisa prakAra mArga meM calate hue koI pathika mila jAtA hai, parantu kSaNa meM hI vaha dUra ho jAtA hai, usI prakAra sage-sambandhiyoM kA saMyoga hai, jinakA zIghra hI viyoga ho jAtA hai| isalie apane asalI svarUpa ko nahIM bhUlanA caahie| puNya ke udaya se prApta honevAlI cakravartI kI sampadA bhI sthira nahIM hai| vaha bhI naSTa ho jAtI hai| yaha lakSmI pAnI kI lahara ke samAna caMcala hai| ataH samaya rahate jaba taka sampadA hai usakA dAna karanA cAhie aura puNya kA bandha karanA caahie| jo puruSa lakSmI ko nirantara jor3atA hai, na dAna karatA hai, na bhogatA hai, usakI lakSmI dUsaroM kI lakSmI ke samAna hai| jo puruSa dhana jamIna meM gAr3atA hai, usakA dhana patthara ke samAna hai| jo vyakti apanI dhana sampadA ko pUjA, pratiSThA, yAtrA, pAtradAna, paropakAra ityAdi dharmakAryoM meM kharca karatA hai, vahI vAstava meM buddhimAna hai, sabhI usakI prazaMsA karate haiN| -- dhana, yauvana, jIvana yaha saba jala ke bulabule ke samAna haiM, yaha naSTa honevAle haiN| parantu prANI moha ke kAraNa inako nitya, sthira mAnatA hai| ataH jo prANI saMsAra, deha, bhoga, lakSmI ityAdi ko asthira mAnakara apane mana ko viSayoM se chur3A detA hai, arthAt ina sabhI se apanA moha naSTa kara detA hai| vaha bhavyajIva siddhapada (mokSa) prApta karatA hai| 2. azaraNa-anuprekSA (gAthA 23-31) azaraNa arthAt jisakA koI bhI zaraNa na ho, jisakI koI bhI rakSA nahIM kara sktaa| jisa saMsAra meM devoM ke indra kA, hari, nArAyaNa, brahmA aura vidhAtA Adi sabhI kA maraNa ho jAtA hai, usa saMsAra meM koI bhI kisI ko nahIM bacA sakatA hai| tAtparya yaha hai ki isa saMsAra meM aisA koI nahIM hai jisakA maraNa na ho| aisA socanA azaraNa bhAvanA hai| jisa prakAra vana meM siMha hiraNa ke bacce ko paira ke nIce dabA letA hai, taba kArtikeyAnuprekSA :: 195

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koI bhI usakI rakSA nahIM kara sktaa| usI prakAra marate hue jIva kI koI rakSA nahIM kara sktaa| deva, mantra, tantra, kSetrapAla Adi sabhI mRtyu se rakSA karane meM asamartha haiN| rakSA karane ke lie jitane upAya kiye jAte haiM, ve saba vyartha siddha hote haiN| Ayu ke kSaya hone para koI eka kSaNa ke lie bhI Ayu dAna nahIM kara sktaa| devendra bhI mRtyu se kisI kI rakSA nahIM kara sktaa| kevala samyagdarzanasamyagjJAna-samyakcAritra hI ekamAtra zaraNa hai| isa prakAra azaraNa rUpa cintana kA samAveza isa azaraNa-bhAvanA meM kiyA hai| 3. saMsAra-anuprekSA (gAthA 32-73) saMsAra anuprekSA meM batAyA gayA hai ki saMsAra-paribhramaNa kA kAraNa mithyAtva aura kaSAya (krodha, mAna, mAyA aura lobha) haiN| ina donoM ke nimitta se aura pA~ca pApoM (hiMsA, jhUTha, corI, kuzIla aura parigraha) ke kAraNa hI jIva cAroM gatiyoM meM bhramaNa karatA hai| isa bhAvanA meM caturgati ke dukhoM kA varNana saMkSepa meM kiyA hai| manuSyagati ke dukhoM kA varNana karate hue saMsAra svabhAva kA varNana kiyA hai ki saMsAra meM sukha nahIM hai| isa manuSyagati meM nAnA prakAra ke dukha haiN| kisI ke putra kA maraNa ho jAtA hai, kisI kI patnI kA maraNa ho jAtA hai| kisI ke ghara jalakI evaM kuTumba lar3akara naSTa ho jAte haiN| isa prakAra manuSyagati meM aneka prakAra ke dukhoM ko sahana karatA huA yaha jIva dharma kI buddhi ke abhAva ke kAraNa kaSTa prApta karatA hai| manuSyagati kI to bAta hI kyA, devagati meM bhI aneka prakAra ke dukha isa prANI ko sahana karane par3ate haiN| 4. ekatvAnuprekSA (gAthA 74-79) ekatvAnuprekSA meM batAyA hai ki jIva akelA hI utpanna hotA hai aura akelA hI nAnA prakAra ke kaSToM ko bhogatA hai| roga, zoka, kaSTa akelA hI bhogatA hai| pApa ke kAraNa akelA hI naraka jAtA hai, aura puNya arjana kara akelA hI svarga jAtA hai| apanA dukha apane ko akele hI bhoganA par3atA hai, usakA koI bhI hissedAra nahIM hai| isa prakAra jIva akelA hI hai, isa saMsAra meM usakA apanA koI nahIM hai| 196 :: pramukha jaina granthoM kA paricaya

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5. anyatvAnuprekSA (gAthA 80-82 ) anyatvAnuprekSA meM zarIra se AtmA ko bhinna anubhava karane kA varNana kiyA hai| sabhI bAhya padArtha AtmasvarUpa se bhinna haiM / AtmA jJAna-darzana- sukharUpa hai aura yaha saMsAra ke samasta padArthoM ke svarUpa se bhinna hai / isa prakAra anyatvAnuprekSA meM AtmA ke bhinna svarUpa ke cintana kA varNana kiyA hai| 6. azucitvAnuprekSA ( gAthA 83-87 ) azucitvAnuprekSA meM zarIra ko samasta apavitra vastuoM kA samUha mAnakara virakta hone kA sandeza diyA gayA hai| zarIra atyanta apavitra hai / isake samparka meM AnevAle candana, karpUra, kesara Adi sugandhita padArtha bhI durgandhita ho jAte haiM / ataH isakI azuddhatA kA cintana karanA azucitvAnuprekSA hai / jo bhavya prANI paradeha (strI Adi) se virakta hokara apane zarIra se anurAga nahIM karatA hai, vaha apane AtmasvarUpa meM lIna rahatA hai / usake lie azuci bhAvanA phaladAyI hai arthAt jo aisA vicAra karatA hai use vairAgya bhAva prakaTa hotA hai| 7. AsravAnuprekSA (gAthA 88-94 ) mana, vacana, kAya kI kriyA yoga hai, ye hI Asrava haiM / arthAt mana, vacana aura kAya tInoM ke yoga se jo karma karate haiM, una karmoM ke bandha kA kAraNa Asrava hai / isa jIva ke moha ke udaya se jo pariNAma hote haiM, ve hI Asrava haiN| manda kaSAya ke pariNAma se zubhAsrava hote haiM, aura tIvra kaSAya ke pariNAma se azubhAsrava hote haiN| jo jIva zatru aura mitra meM, hita aura ahita vacanoM meM samatA bhAva rakhatA hai| saba jIvoM ke acche guNa grahaNa karatA hai, use mandakaSAya ke kAraNa zubhAsrava hote haiM / jo jIva apanI prazaMsA karatA hai, anya puruSoM ke bhI doSa grahaNa karane kA usakA svabhAva hai aura vaha bahuta samaya taka vaira dhAraNa karatA hai to use tIvrakaSAya hotI hai| use azubhAsrava hotA hai| ataH AmravAnuprekSA kA cintana karanA caahie| pahale tIvra kaSAya chor3anA cAhie, phira AtmasvarUpa kA dhyAna karanA caahie| kArtikeyAnuprekSA : 197

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8. saMvarAnuprekSA ( gAthA 95-101 ) AsravoM ko rokanA saMvara hai / samyaktva, devavrata, mahAvrata tathA kaSAyoM ko jItanA tathA mana, vacana, kAya kI kriyA kA abhAva honA saMvara hai| saMvarAnuprekSA meM saMvara ke svarUpa aura kAraNoM kA vivecana karate hue samyaktva, vrata, gupti, samiti, anuprekSA, pariSahajaya Adi kA cintana karanA Avazyaka mAnA hai| isI sandarbha meM Artta dhyAna aura raudra dhyAna ke pariNAma ko tyAgane kI bAta kahI hai| 9. nirjarA anuprekSA ( gAthA 102-114) ahaMkAra rahita hokara jo bAraha prakAra ke tapa karatA hai (nirjarA arthAt karmoM ko naSTa karanA) usake karmoM kI nirjarA hotI hai tathA vairAgyabhAvanA se jo tapa karatA hai usako tapa karane se nirjarA hotI hai| nirjarA do prakAra kI hai savipAka - jo karma apanI sthiti ko pUrNa kara, udaya meM Akara naSTa ho jAte haiM use savipAka nirjarA kahate haiM / avipAka - tapa ke kAraNa jo karma sthiti pUrNa hue binA hI naSTa ho jAte haiM, vaha avipAka nirjarA kahalAtI hai / arthAt tapa ke dvArA karmoM ko naSTa karanA avipAka nirjarA hai / zreSTha tapa karake apane karmoM ko naSTa karane se hI utkRSTa nirjarA hotI hai / * * 10. lokAnuprekSA ( gAthA 115-283 ) jahA~ jIva-ajIva Adi padArtha dekhe jAte haiM vaha loka kahalAtA hai| loka meM jIva, pudgala, dharma, adharma, AkAza aura kAla ina chaH dravyoM kA nivAsa hai / isa anuprekSA meM ina chaH dravyoM kA vistArapUrvaka varNana kiyA gayA hai| loka ke svarUpa aura AkAra-prakAra kA vistAra se varNana hai / lokAnuprekSA meM dravyoM ke svabhAva - guNa ko batalAte hue, zarIra se bhinna AtmA kI anubhUti karane kA citraNa kiyA hai| 11. bodhidurlabhAnuprekSA ( gAthA 284-301) bodhi arthAt AtmajJAna / bodhidurlabha bhAvanA meM AtmajJAna kI durlabhatA para prakAza DAlA gayA hai| Arambha meM batalAyA gayA hai ki saMsAra meM samasta padArthoM kI prApti sulabha hai, para AtmajJAna kI prApti honA atyanta duSkara hai| samyaktva ke binA 198 :: pramukha jaina granthoM kA paricaya

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AtmajJAna prApta nahIM hotaa| jise manda karmodaya se ratnatraya bhI prApta ho gayA ho, vaha vyakti yadi tIvra kaSAya ke adhIna rahe, to usakA ratnatraya naSTa ho jAtA hai aura vaha durgati kA pAtra banatA hai| sabase pahale to manuSyagati kI prApti hI durlabha hai aura usake bAda samyagdarzana honA durlabha hai| samyaktva ke prApta hone para bhI samyak jJAna kA milanA kaThina hai| isa prakAra isa adhyAya meM bodhi (samyak jJAna) kI durlabhatA kA kathana karate hue ratnatraya ke svarUpa Adi para prakAza DAlA hai| 12. dharmAnuprekSA (gAthA 302-435) jo samasta loka ora aloka ko bhUta-bhaviSya-vartamAna kAla ko, samasta guNa paryAyoM se saMyukta pratyakSa rUpa se jAnatA hai vaha sarvajJa deva hai| dharmAnuprekSA meM dharma kA yathArtha svarUpa indriyoM ke viSayoM se rahita honA batalAyA hai| dharma kA vAstavika rUpa sarvajJatA hai| sarvajJatA ke astitva meM kisI prakAra kA sandeha nahIM kiyA jA sakatA hai| sarvajJadeva saba dravya, kSetra, kAla, bhAvoM kI avasthAoM ko jAnate haiN| sarvajJa ke jJAna meM saba kucha prakAzita hotA hai| unake jJAna meM jisa prakAra kI padArthoM kI paryAyeM pratibimbita hotI haiM, unheM vaisA hI phala prApta hotA hai| usameM koI kisI prakAra se parivartana nahIM kara sktaa| jisa jIva ke jisa deza meM, jisa kAla meM, jisa vidhAna se janma-maraNa, dukha-sukha, roga-dAridra Adi sarvajJadeva ke dvArA jAne gaye haiM, ve niyama se usa prANI ko, usI deza meM, usI kAla meM aura usI vidhAna se prApta hote haiM / indra, jinendra yA anya koI bhI usakA nivAraNa nahIM kara skte| isa prakAra se jo jIva chaH dravyoM aura samasta paryAyoM kA zraddhAna karatA hai, vaha zuddha samyagdRSTi hai| isa prakAra dharmAnuprekSA meM vyavahAra-dharma aura nizcaya-dharma kA vistArapUrvaka varNana kiyA gayA hai| isake sAtha bAraha tapa, sAta tattva, bAraha vrata, dasa dharma, dhyAna Adi kA varNana bhI kiyA hai| isa prakAra hama kaha sakate haiM ki zrAvaka dharma aura munidharma ko saMkSepa meM avagata karane ke lie yaha grantha bahuta upayogI hai| zrAvaka gaNa isakA svAdhyAya avazya kareM, aisI hamArI bhAvanA hai| kArtikeyAnuprekSA :: 199

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bhagavatI ArAdhanA grantha ke nAma kA artha isa grantha kA mUla nAma 'ArAdhanA' hai aura usake prati AdarabhAva vyakta karane ke lie 'bhagavatI' vizeSaNa lagAyA gayA hai, jaise ki tIrthaMkaroM aura mahAna AcAryoM ke nAmoM ke sAtha 'bhagavAna' vizeSaNa lagAyA jAtA hai| grantha ke anta meM granthakAra ne 'ArAdhanA-bhagavatI' likhakara ArAdhanA ke prati apanA mahat pUjyabhAva vyakta kiyA hai evaM usakA nAma bhagavatI ArAdhanA diyA hai, ata: yaha grantha 'bhagavatI ArAdhanA' ke nAma se sarvatra prasiddha hai| granthakAra kA paricaya bhagavatI ArAdhanA ke racanAkAra zivArya haiN| bhagavatI ArAdhanA ke anta meM dI huI prazasti ke anusAra aisA anumAna lagAyA jAtA hai ki Arya zabda eka vizeSaNa hai| inakA nAma zivanandi, zivagupta yA zivakoTi honA caahie| zivArya vidvAna, vinIta, sahiSNu aura pUrvAcAryoM ke bhakta the| inakA janma samaya I. san kI prathama zatAbdI mAnA jAtA hai| isa grantha kI racanA inhoMne pUrvAcAryoM dvArA nibaddha granthoM ke AdhAra para kI hai| grantha kA mahattva 1. jaina paramparA meM prArambha se hI ArAdhanA kA vizeSa mahattva rahA hai| yathArtha meM ArAdhanApUrNa jIvana hI saccA jIvana hai, ArAdhanApUrvaka maraNa hI yathArtha maraNa hai| ArAdhanA ke abhAva meM na jIvana zreSTha hai, na maraNa zreSTha hai| 2. isa grantha meM aneka kathA-prasaMgoM kA varNana hai, jinako saMkalita karake aneka kathAkoza race gaye haiN| sarala zabdoM meM hama kaha sakate haiM ki yaha grantha 200 :: pramukha jaina granthoM kA paricaya

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aneka kathAkozoM kA janaka (janma denevAlA) hai| 3. samyagdarzana-jJAna-cAritra aura tapa ke sAtha ArAdhanA kA varNana karanevAlA yaha mahattvapUrNa grantha hai| isameM sAta prakAra ke maraNa kA vizeSa varNana kiyA gayA hai| 4. yaha grantha itanA lokapriya rahA hai ki isa grantha para sAtavIM zatAbdI se hI TIkAe~ aura vivRttiyA~ likhI jA rahI haiN| yathA vijayodayA TIkA - aparAjita sUri mUlArAdhanA darpaNaTIkA - AzAdhara jI ArAdhanApaMjikA - prabhAcandra jI bhAvArtha dIpikA - zivajita aruNa jI grantha kA mukhya viSaya bhagavatI ArAdhanA meM samyagdarzana, samyagjJAna, samyakcAritra aura samyak tapa-ina cAra ArAdhanAoM kA varNana kiyA gayA hai| maMgalAcaraNa : grantha kI prathama gAthA meM granthakAra ne cAra prakAra kI ArAdhanA ke phala ko prApta siddhoM aura arhantoM ko namaskAra kiyA hai| ____ vastutaH isa grantha meM ArAdhya, ArAdhaka, ArAdhanA aura ArAdhanA ke phala / kA varNana kiyA hai| ArAdhya : jisakI pUjA kI jAtI hai, vaha ratnatraya ArAdhya hai| ArAdhaka : nirmala pariNAma vAle bhavyajIva ArAdhaka haiN| ArAdhanA : jinase ratnatraya kI prApti hotI hai ve upAya ArAdhanA hai| ArAdhanA kA phala : ratnatraya kI ArAdhanA se mokSa kI prApti hotI hai| yaha ArAdhanA kA phala hai| ArAdhanA kA artha : AcArya deva ne samyagdarzana, samyagjJAna, samyakcAritra aura samyak tapa ko ArAdhanA kahA hai| ina cAroM kI ArAdhanA udyotana, udyavana, nirvahaNa, sAdhana aura nistaraNaina upAyoM se hotI hai| udyotana : samyagdarzana, samyagjJAna aura samyakcAritra ko aticAroM se dUra rakhanA yA ratnatraya meM doSa utpanna na hone denA udyotana hai| udyavana : AtmA meM bAra-bAra ratnatraya kI bhAvanA bhAte rahanA udyavana hai| nirvahaNa : sabhI parISahoM (22 parISaha) ko jItakara sthira citta hokara samyagdarzanAdi meM dRr3ha rahanA, vratoM se dUra na honA nirvahaNa hai| bhagavatI ArAdhanA :: 201

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sAdhana : jaba ratnatraya se mana haTane lage to anya upAyoM se punaH mana sthira karanA sAdhana hai / nistaraNa : AmaraNa avasthA taka ratnatraya ko pUrNa zuddha rIti se dhAraNa karanA nistaraNa hai| samyagdarzana, samyagjJAna, samyakcAritra aura samyak tapa - ina cAroM kI unnati hone ke lie ina pA~coM upAyoM kI AvazyakatA hai| isa prakAra pratyeka meM udyotana Adi ina pA~ca upAya mAna lene para bIsa bheda hote haiM / isa grantha meM ina sabhI bheda-prabhedoM kA varNana AyA hai| darzana-jJAna-cAritra aura tapa kA varNana jinAgama meM anyatra bhI hai, kintu vahA~ unheM ' ArAdhanA' zabda se nahIM kahA hai arthAt ina cAroM kA varNana samAdhimaraNa ke sAtha nahIM kiyA hai| isa grantha meM mukhya rUpa se samAdhimaraNa kA kathana hai| marate samaya taka kI ArAdhanA hI yathArtha ArAdhanA hai / ataH jo marate samaya ' ArAdhaka' (nirmala pariNAma vAlA bhavya jIva) hotA hai, yathArtha meM usI kI samyagdarzana, samyagjJAna, samyakcAritra aura samyak tapa kI sAdhanA ko ArAdhanA kahA hai| ukta varNana karane ke bAda isa vizAlakAya grantha kA mukhya viSaya maraNasamAdhi prArambha hotA hai| yadyapi jinAgama meM sattaraha prakAra ke maraNa kahe haiM, kintu saMkSepa se pA~ca prakAra ke maraNa haiN| yathA 1. paNDita - paNDita maraNa : kevalajJAnI kA jo maraNa hotA hai use paNDita - paNDita maraNa kahate haiM yA nirvANa lAbha kahate haiM / 2. bAla-paNDita maraNa: dezasaMyamI kA maraNa bAlapaNDita maraNa hai| isameM zrAvaka bAraha vratoM (pA~ca aNuvrata, tIna guNavrata aura cAra zikSAvrata ) kA pAlana karatA hai / 3. bAla maraNa : avirata samyagdRSTi kA maraNa bAla maraNa hai| 4. bAla-bAla maraNa : mithyAdRSTi (abhavya jIva) kA maraNa bAla-bAla maraNa hai| 5. paMDita maraNa : zAstrAnusAra AcaraNa karanevAle sAdhu kA maraNa paMDita maraNa hai| usake tIna prakAra haiM- 1. bhaktapratijJA 2. prAyopagamana 3. iMgiNI / inameM se bhaktapratijJA nAmaka paNDita maraNa kA isa grantha meM vizeSa varNana hai / bhaktapratijJA yA bhaktapratyAkhyAna prAyaH sAdhuoM ke bhaktapratyAkhyAna maraNa hI hotA hai| isake do bheda haiM202 :: pramukha jaina granthoM kA paricaya

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1. avicAra pratyAkhyAna : yadi acAnaka/sahasA mRtyu honevAlI ho to avicAra bhaktapratyAkhyAna hotA hai / 2. savicAra pratyAkhyAna - sAhasa aura bala se yukta sAdhu ke jisakA maraNa acAnaka na honevAlA ho use savicAra bhaktapratyAkhyAna hotA hai / jisako koI asAdhya roga ho, munidharma ko hAni pahu~cAnevAlI vRddhAvasthA ho, deva, manuSya yA tiryaMcoM dvArA koI zatru yA mitra cAritra kA vinAza karanevAle hoM, durbhikSa ho yA pairoM meM calane-phirane kI zakti na ho, A~khoM se kama dikhAI detA ho, kAna se kama sunAI detA ho, isa prakAra ke kAraNa upasthita hone para sAdhu avicAra bhakta pratyAkhyAna karatA hai / sahasA maraNa upasthita hone para muni karmoM ko naSTa kara mukti ko prApta ho jAte haiM / jisakA munidharma cirakAla taka nirdoSa rUpa se pAlana ho sakatA hai, athavA samAdhimaraNa karAne ke lie sAdhu/tyAgI vratI sAtha meM ho yA kisI bhI taraha kA koI bhaya nahIM ho taba sAdhu bhaktapratyAkhyAna ko dhAraNa nahIM karatA hai| grantha meM bhaktapratyAkhyAna isa viSaya para vistAra se carcA kI hai / sAdhuoM ke lie yaha adhyAya mahattvapUrNa hai / * I bhaktapratyAkhyAna kA utkRSTa samaya bAraha varSa kahA gayA hai / isako dhAraNa karane vAle munirAja bAraha varSa taka vaha utkRSTa tapa karate hue zarIra kI sallekhanA karate haiM / ve pratikSaNa pariNAmoM kI vizuddhi kI ora sAvadhAna rahate haiM / isa prakAra se sallekhanA karanevAle yA to AcArya hote haiM yA sAmAnya sAdhu hote haiM 1 AcArya apanA AcArya pada saMgha ke yogya ziSya / sAdhu ko sauMpa dete haiM, sabase kSamA yAcanA karate haiM aura naye AcArya ko zikSA dete haiM, usake pazcAt saMgha ko zikSA dete haiM / iMgiNI maraNa jo sAdhu iMgiNI maraNa karanA cAhate haiM, ve sAdhu saMgha se alaga hokara guphA Adi meM akele rahate haiM / vaha apane lie tRNazayyA banAte haiN| unakA koI sahAyaka nahIM hotA / svayaM apanI sevA karate haiM, svayaM hI upasarga sahana karate haiM / nirantara bAraha bhAvanAoM ke cintana meM, svAdhyAya meM lIna rahate haiN| yadi paira meM kA~TA laga jAe yA A~kha meM dhUla calI jAe~ to svayaM dUra nahIM krte| bhUkha-pyAsa saba kucha sahana karate haiM 1 bhagavatI ArAdhanA :: 203

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samasta prakAra ke AhAra ke vikalpa ko jIvanaparyanta ke lie tyAga dete haiM tathA samasta parigraha ko tyAga dete haiN| sabhI parISahoM ko jItakara dharma dhyAna karate haiN| yadi koI upasarga ho to usakA pratikAra nahIM karate haiM / use nirbhaya hokara sahana karate haiM / vaha indriyoM aura nidrA para vijaya prApta karate haiM / mahAbalI aura zUravIra hote haiM / ve jIvana se rAga aura maraNa se dveSa nahIM karate haiM / ve dina-rAta ke AThoM paharoM meM nidrA ko tyAgakara ekAgra mana se dhyAna karate haiN| devoM yA manuSyoM ke dvArA pUche jAne para thor3A-sA dharmopadeza bhI karate haiN| isa taraha iMgiNI maraNa kI sAdhanA karake koI sAdhu samasta klezoM se chUTakara mukta ho jAte haiM aura koI marakara vaimAnika deva ho jAte haiN| prAyopagamana prAyopagamana kI bhI vidhi iMgiNI ke samAna hI hai| jina sAdhu meM asthi-carma mAtra zeSa rahatA hai vahI prAyopagamana karate haiM / yadi koI unheM pRthvI jala Adi meM pheMka dete haiM to vaise hI par3e rahate haiM / prAyopagamana meM sAdhu na svayaM apanI sevA karate haiM, na dUsaroM se karAte haiN| zarIra se moha kA tyAga karanevAle prAyopagamana ke dhArI kSapaka (sAdhu) jisa kSetra meM jisa prakAra se zarIra kA koI aMga pUrva meM rakhA gayA hai, use vaise hI par3A rahane dete haiM, svayaM apane aMga ko hilAte-DulAte nahIM haiM / isa vidhi meM tRNazayyA lene kA bhI niSedha hai / bhaktapratyAkhyAna meM to sAdhu apanI sevA svayaM bhI kara sakate haiM aura dUsaroM se bhI karA sakate haiM / iMgiNI meM apanI sevA svayaM kara sakate haiM, dUsaroM se nahIM karA skte| kintu prAyopagamana meM apanI sevA na svayaM karate haiM aura na dUsaroM se karAte haiM / yahI ina tInoM maraNa meM bheda hai / 1 1 isa prakAra isa grantha meM ina tIna maraNoM para vizeSa carcA kI gayI hai prasaMgavaza samyagdarzana, samyagjJAna aura samyak cAritra kA vizeSa varNana hai / isa grantha meM aneka viSayoM kA varNana kiyA hai, jaise- mithyAdRSTi, chaha Avazyaka, bAraha tapa, bAIsa parISaha, bAraha vrata, SaTdravya, dharmadhyAna, yogadhyAna, kevalajJAna, siddhakSetra kA svarUpa aura utkRSTa mAdhyama- jaghanya ArAdhanA kA phala Adi-Adi / parantu vizeSa varNana to ArAdhanA (maraNa, saMnyAsa, samAdhi) kA hI hai, ataH isakA nAma ArAdhanA hai| ArAdhanA kA yaha adbhuta, apUrva, vizAla aura mahattvapUrNa grantha hai| 204 :: pramukha jaina granthoM kA paricaya

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isa prakAra bhagavatI ArAdhanA meM manuSya bhava ko sArthaka karane ke lie sallekhanA yA samAdhimaraNa kI siddhi kI AvazyakatA para vizeSa bala diyA gayA hai| zivArya ne isa grantha meM prAcIna samaya kI aneka paramparAoM ko nibaddha kara sAdhaka jIvana kI saphalatA para prakAza DAlA hai| bhagavatI ArAdhanA :: 205

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mUlAcAra grantha ke nAma kA artha mUlAcAra arthAt mUla aacaar| isa grantha meM zramaNa (muni) kA mUla AcAra varNita hai, ataH isa grantha kA nAma mUlAcAra hai| granthakAra kA paricaya AcArya vasunandi ne mUlAcAra kI saMskRta-TIkA likhI hai aura usa TIkA kI prazasti meM isa grantha ke kartA ko vaTTakera, vaTTakeryAcArya Adi ke rUpa meM ullikhita kiyA hai| inakA samaya I. san kI pahalI zatI kA mAnA jAtA hai| kucha vidvAna mAnate haiM ki AcArya kundakunda ne yaha grantha likhA hai| kucha vidvAna AcArya vaTTakera aura AcArya kundakunda ko eka hI mAnate haiN| yaha grantha lagabhaga do hajAra varSa pUrva racA gayA thaa| vaTTakera AcArya kI anya kRtiyA~ upalabdha nahIM hotI haiM, phalataH inakA samaya evaM paricaya kucha bhI prApta nahIM hotA hai| grantha kA mahattva 1. mUlAcAra grantha digambara paramparA kA AcArAMga grantha hai| 2. yaha sarvaprathama prAcIna grantha hai jisameM digambara muniyoM ke AcAra-vicAra, cAritra-sAdhanA aura unake mUlaguNoM kA kramabaddha prAmANika vivaraNa hai| 3. yaha grantha saMgraha-grantha na hokara eka svatantra grantha hai| 4. aneka pramukha granthoM jaise-bhagavatI ArAdhanA, tiloyapaNNatti aura vijayodayA Adi meM mUlAcAra grantha kA ullekha huA hai, jisase jJAta hotA hai ki yaha sarvaprathama evaM prAmANika grantha hai| 206 :: pramukha jaina granthoM kA paricaya

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5. AcArya vIrasena svAmI ne SaTkhaNDAgama kI dhavalA TIkA meM mUlAcAra ke udAharaNa 'AcArAMga' nAma se dekara isakA Agamika mahattva batAyA hai| 6. mUlAcAra grantha ke prAcIna aura zrutaparamparA meM vidyamAna hone ke kAraNa digambara aura zvetAmbara donoM hI paramparAoM meM isa grantha kI gAthAe~ pracalita haiN| 7. isa mahattvapUrNa grantha para zrI meghacandrAcArya ne aura zrI vasunandi AcArya ne do mahattvapUrNa TIkAe~ likhI haiN| mUlAcAra grantha para zrI vasunandi siddhAntacakravartI ne bAraha hajAra zloka pramANa bRhat TIkA likhI hai| 1 grantha kA mukhya viSaya vaTTakera AcArya kA yahI eka grantha upalabdha hai / yaha grantha 12 adhikAroM meM vibhakta hai| isameM kula 1252 gAthAe~ haiM / 1. mUlaguNAdhikAra ( gAthA 1-36 ) sabase pahale maMgalAcaraNa meM AcArya siddha bhagavAna ko namaskAra karate haiM, kyoMki siddha bhagavAna aMtaraMga aura bahiraMga lakSmI se viziSTa zuddha aura zreSTha jJAna ko prApta haiM, sakala guNoM ke bhaNDAra haiN| mUlabhUta jo guNa haiM, ve mUlaguNa kahalAte haiN| isa adhikAra meM muni ke 28 mUlaguNoM ke nAma batalAkara punaH pratyeka kA lakSaNa batalAyA hai| ina mUlaguNoM kA pAlana karane se kyA phala prApta hotA hai| yaha bhI batAyA hai| ina mUlaguNoM se AtmA kA zuddha svarUpa prApta hotA hai, ata: yaha sAdhya hai aura yaha mUlAcAra zAstra usake lie sAdhana hai| 2. vRhatpratyAkhyAnAdhikAra ( gAthA 37-107 ) 1 pratyAkhyAna arthAta bhaviSyakAla ke doSoM kI zuddhi / muniyoM ke chaha kAla hote haiM unameM AtmasaMskAra kAla, sallekhanA kAla aura uttamArtha kAla - ina tIna kAloM kA varNana 'bhagavatI ArAdhanA' meM kahA gayA hai| zeSa tIna kAla dIkSAkAla, zikSAkAla aura gaNapoSaNakAla - ina tInoM kA varNana isa adhikAra meM kiyA hai| kSapaka (samAdhi lenevAlA) ko samasta pApoM ko tyAgakara mRtyu ke samaya meM darzanArAdhanA Adi cAra ArAdhanAoM meM sthira rahanA hai aura kSudhAdi 22 pariSahoM ko jItakara kaSAyoM se (kAma, krodha, moha aura mAyA) rahita honA hai / yahA~ bahuta mUlAcAra :: 207

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hI sarala bhASA meM AlocanA, pratikramaNa nindA aura garhA ina cAroM ko samajhAyA hai| jIva samAdhi maraNa meM kisa prakAra bhAva rakhe- isakA vistAra se varNana isa adhikAra meM kiyA hai| 3. saMkSepapratyAkhyAnAdhikAra ( gAthA 108-121) isa adhikAra meM siMha, vyAghra, durghaTanA, agni yA roga ke dvArA Akasmika mRtyu A jAne para kaSAya aura AhAra kA tyAga kara, samatAbhAva dhAraNa karane kA nirdeza diyA hai| 4. samAcArAdhikAra ( gAthA 122-197 ) prAtaH kAla se rAtrikAla taka kI sAdhuoM kI caryA kA nAma hI samAcAra caryA hai| samAcAra zabda kA artha cAra prakAra se batAyA hai 1. samatA samAcAra : rAgadveSa kA abhAva honA samatA samAcAra hai / 2. samyak AcAra : niraticAra mUlaguNoM kA pAlana karanA samyak AcAra hai| 3. sama AcAra : pA~ca mahAvrata AcAroM ko sama AcAra kahA hai / 4. samAna AcAra : sabhI kA samAna rUpa se pUjya jo AcAra hai vaha samAna AcAra hai| isa adhikAra meM muniyoM ko ekalavihArI hone kA niSedha kiyA hai| AryikAoM kI caryA, unakA vihAra, sAdhuoM kA vaMdana Adi aneka viSayoM para bhI isa adhikAra meM prakAza DAlA gayA hai| 5. paMcAcArAdhikAra (gAthA 198-419 ) darzana, jJAna, cAritra, tapa aura vIrya - ina pA~ca prakAra ke AcAra meM kRta, kArita aura anumodanA se jo doSa hote haiM, una aticAroM kA vistAra se varNana isa adhikAra meM kiyA hai| darzanAcAra : jIva, ajIva Adi sAta tattvoM kA zraddhAna karanA / jJAnAcAra : pA~ca prakAra ke jJAna ke nimitta adhyayana Adi karanA / cAritrAcAra : prANiyoM ke vadha kA tyAga aura indriyoM para saMyama rakhanA / tapAcAra : kaThora tapa karanA, kAyakleza Adi tapa karanA / vIryAcAra : zubha viSaya meM apanI zakti utsAha rakhanA / isa adhikAra meM ina pA~coM AcAroM ke doSa ( aticAra) bhI batAe haiN| svAdhyAya-sambandhI niyamoM aura sUtra - granthoM ke svarUpa bhI batalAe gaye haiN| 208 :: pramukha jaina granthoM kA paricaya

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6. piNDazuddhi-adhikAra (gAthA 420-501) piNDazaddhi arthAt bhojn-shuddhi| munirAja zarIra dhAraNa ke hetu AhAra grahaNa karate haiN| zarIra dharma-sAdhanA kA kAraNa hai, ata: usakA bharaNa-poSaNa kara AtmasAdhanA ke mArga meM gatizIla honA paramAvazyaka hai| ata: yahA~ bhojana-zuddhi ke doSa batAe haiN| isa adhikAra meM piNDazuddhi ke ATha prakAra kahe haiM1. udgama doSa : dAtA ke doSa / 2. utpAdana doSa : pAtra (bartana) ke doSa jinameM bhojana banatA hai| 3. azanadoSa : parosane meM doss| 4. saMyojanA doSa : bhojana dete samaya kisI vastu ko milAne meM doss| 5. pramANadoSa : niyama kA ullaMghana krnaa| 6. aMgAradoSa : aMgAroM ke samAna doss| 7. dhUmadoSa : dhue~ ke samAna doss| 8. kAraNadoSa : kAraNa-nimitta se jo hotA hai vaha doss| udgama ke 16 doSa, utpAdana ke 16 doSa, azana ke 10 doSa, isa prakAra 42 doSa batAe haiN| punaH saMyojanA, pramANa, aMgAra aura dhUma-ina cAroM ke 46 doSa batAe haiN| munirAja ina 46 doSoM ko TAlakara aura 32 antarAyoM ko chor3akara AhAra lete haiN| kina kAraNoM se AhAra lete haiM, kina kAraNoM se chor3ate haiM, ityAdi kA varNana isa adhikAra meM vistAra se kiyA hai| 7. SaDAvazyakAdhikAra (gAthA 502-692) isa adhikAra meM munirAja ke chaha Avazyaka-sAmAyika, caturviMzatistava, vandanA, pratikramaNa, pratyAkhyAna aura kAyotsarga batAe haiN| ina SaDAvazyakoM kA vistAra se varNana; inake doSoM kA varNana, chaha Avazyaka karane kA phala Adi mahattvapUrNa bAteM isa adhikAra meM batAI haiN| jaise-Avazyaka zabda kA artha, sAmAyika ke cha: bheda, bhAvasAmAyika aura dravyasAmAyika kI vyAkhyAe~, caturviMzatistavana aura bhAvastavana, tIrtha kA svarUpa, vandanIya sAdhu, kAyotsarga ke phala aura doSa Adi kA varNana hai| sAtha hI pratikramaNa, pratyAkhyAna aura kAyotsarga vidhi ko bhI samajhAyA hai| 8. dvAdazAnuprekSAdhikAra (gAthA 693-768) isa adhikAra meM bAraha anuprekSAoM (bAraha bhAvanAoM) kA varNana hai, jinakA mUlAcAra :: 209

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vistAra se varNana kArtikeyAnuprekSA grantha meM likha cuke haiN| (dekheM pRSTha 190-195 taka) ataH yahA~ nahIM likhA jA rahA hai| isa grantha meM bAraha bhAvanAoM kA krama thor3A bhinna hai, parantu viSaya anya granthoM ke samAna hI hai| 9. anagArabhAvanAdhikAra (gAthA 769-893) anagAra arthAt sAdha, muni| isa adhikAra meM muniyoM kI utkRSTa caryA kA varNana hai| sAtha hI liMga-vrata, vasati, vihAra, bhikSA, jJAna, zarIra-saMskAra, tyAga, vAkya, tapa aura dhyAna sambandhI dasa zuddhiyoM kA varNana isa adhikAra meM vistAra se kiyA 10. samayasArAdhikAra (gAthA 894-1017) isa adhikAra meM samayasAra ke sAra kA varNana karate hue cAritra ko sarvazreSTha kahA hai| tapa, dhyAna kA varNana bhI isI adhikAra meM kiyA hai| AhArazuddhi ke prakaraNa meM vibhinna prakAra kI zuddhiyoM kA varNana hai| yaha adhikAra bahuta vistRta hai| 11. zIlaguNAdhikAra (1018-1043) isa zIlaguNAdhikAra meM zIloM kI utpatti kA krama, muni dharma kA svarUpa evaM vivecana, zIla kA uccAraNa aura guNoM kI utpatti kA prakAra evaM saMkhyA Adi kA vistArapUrvaka varNana AyA hai| . zIla ke bheda : zIla ke aThAraha hajAra bheda hote haiN| .. tIna yoga : mana, vacana aura kAya ina tInoM kA azubha se saMyoga honA karaNa hai| ina azubha kriyAoM ko chor3anA caahie| cAra saMjJAe~ : AhAra, bhaya, maithuna aura parigraha kI abhilASA kA nAma saMjJA hai| ina cAroM kA tyAga karanA caahie| pA~ca indriyA~ : sparzana, rasanA, ghrANa, cakSu aura zrotra-ina pA~coM indriyoM ke viSayoM kA tyAga karanA caahie| dasa kAya : kAya arthAt sabhI prakAra ke jiiv| pRthivIkAya, jalakAya, agnikAya, vAyukAya, pratyeka vanaspatikAya, sAdhAraNa vanaspatikAya, dvIndriya, trIndriya, caturindriya aura paMcendriya jIvoM kI dayA pAlanA ye 10 kAya haiN| dasa dharma : saMyamiyoM kA AcaraNa vizeSa dharma hai| ye dasa dharma haiM-uttama kSamA, uttama mArdava, uttama Arjava, uttama satya, uttama zauca, uttama saMyama, uttama tapa, uttama tyAga, uttama AkiMcanya, uttama brhmcry| 210 :: pramukha jaina granthoM kA paricaya

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[3 x 3 x 4 x 5 x 10 x 10 = 18,000] ina sabake paraspara meM guNA karane se aThAraha hajAra zIla ke bheda ho jAte haiN| arthAt tIna yoga ko tIna karaNa se guNA karane se nau, nau ko cAra saMjJA se guNA karane para chattIsa, chattIsa ko pA~ca indriyoM se guNA karane para eka sau assI, inheM pRthvI Adi dasa kAya se guNA karane para aThAraha sau aura punaH inheM dasa dharma se guNA karane para zIla ke aThAraha hajAra bheda ho jAte haiN| bheda: hiMsA ke 21, atikramaNa ke 4, kAya ke 100, virAdhanA ke 10, AlocanA ke 101 aura zuddhi ke 10 bheda hote haiM, inakA paraspara guNA karane para caurAsI lAkha guNa ho jAte haiM / [21 x 4 x 100 x 10 x 10 x 10 = 84,000,00] hiMsA : pramAdapUrvaka prANiyoM ke prANoM kA viyoga karanA hiMsA hai| atikramaNa : viSayoM kI icchA karanA atikramaNa hai| kAya : sabhI jIva samAsa arthAt sabhI prakAra ke jIva / virAdhanA : abrahma ke daza kAraNa / AlocanA : pApoM kA prAyazcita karanA / zuddhi: strI sAhacarya ke doSa / 1 isa prakAra guNa ke caurAsI lAkha bheda hote haiM / zIla aura guNa ke bhedoM kA vistAra se varNana isa adhyAya meM kiyA gayA hai| 12. paryApti adhikAra ( 1044-1249 ) AhAra Adi kAraNoM kI sampUrNatA ko paryApti kahate haiM / isa paryApti adhikAra meM SaDparyAptiyoM kA varNana AyA hai - AhAra, zarIra, indriya, zvAsocchvAsa, bhASA aura mana / paryApti ke saMjJA, lakSaNa, svAmitva, saMkhyA, parimANa, nivRtti aura sthitikAla ye cha: bheda haiN| ina sabhI bhedoM kA vistArapUrvaka varNana isa adhikAra meM hai 1 jIva kI chaha paryAptiyoM ko batAkara saMsArI jIva (manuSya, tiryaMca, deva aura nArakI) ke aneka bhedoM kA kathana kiyA hai, kyoMki jIvoM ke nAnA bhedoM ko jAnakara hI unakI rakSA kI jA sakatI hai| 'mUlAcAra' grantha ke par3hane kA phala mUlaguNoM ko grahaNa karake aneka uttaraguNoM ko bhI prApta karanA hai / punaH tapasyA aura dhyAna vizeSa ke dvArA karmoM ko naSTa karanA hI isa grantha ke svAdhyAya kA phala dikhalAyA hai| mUlAcAra :: 211

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isa prakAra isa mahAgrantha 'mUlAcAra' meM muni ke AcAra kA bahuta hI vistRta evaM sundara varNana kiyA gayA hai| munidharma ko jAnane ke lie eka sthAna para isase adhika sAmagrI kA milanA duSkara hai| bhASA aura zailI kI dRSTi se bhI yaha grantha prAcIna pratIta hotA hai| 212 :: pramukha jaina granthoM kA paricaya

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paramAtmaprakAza grantha ke nAma kA artha paramAtmaprakAza jaina adhyAtma kA utkRSTa grantha hai| paramAtma arthAt parama aatmaa| yaha grantha parama AtmA para prakAza DAlanevAlA utkRSTa grantha hai| yaha AtmA ko paramAtmA banAne meM sahAyaka hai| jaina-adhyAtma ko AsAnI se samajhane kA eka mahattvapUrNa grantha hai, ataH isakA nAma 'paramAtmaprakAza' hai| granthakAra kA paricaya paramAtmaprakAza ke racanAkAra kA nAma yogIndu deva hai| inakA samaya 6vIM zatI mAnA jAtA hai| yogIndu, yogIndra yA yogIcandra kA rUpAntara hai aura isakA apabhraMza rUpa joindu hai| __ paramAtmaprakAza kI racanA Aja se lagabhaga 1300 varSa pUrva munirAja yogIndu deva ne kI hai| munirAja yogIndu deva jaina-adhyAtma ke utkRSTa jJAtA the| ve atyanta sarala-subodha DhaMga se AtmakalyANa kA mArga samajhAne meM samartha the| apane ziSya bhaTTa prabhAkara ko mokSamArga samajhAne ke lie inhoMne paramAtmaprakAza kI racanA kI thii| inhoMne 'paramAtmaprakAza' ke atirikta 'yogasAra' aura 'amRtAzIti' nAma ke zreSTha granthoM kI bhI racanA kI hai| grantha kA mahattva . 1. paramAtmaprakAza kI racanA apabhraMza bhASA meM huI hai| 2. paramAtmaprakAza kI saMskRta-TIkA Aja se lagabhaga 900 varSa pUrva zrI brahmadeva sUri ne likhI thii| 3. paramAtmaprakAza kI hindI-bhASA-vacanikA Aja se lagabhaga 250 varSa pUrva paramAtmaprakAza :: 213

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paM. daulatarAma kAsalIvAla ne likhI / 4. paramAtmaprakAza jainagRhasthoM tathA muniyoM meM bahuta prasiddha grantha hai / 5. isakI lekhana zailI sarala hai aura bhASA sugama apabhraMza hai| 6. kannar3a aura saMskRta meM isa grantha para aneka prAcIna TIkAe~ likhI haiN| 7. apabhraMza- sAhitya meM paramAtmaprakAza sabase prAcIna adhyAtmika grantha hai| 8. yogIndu adhyAtmavAdI haiM / apabhraMza bhASA meM zuddha adhyAtmavicAroM kI aisI sazakta abhivyakti anyatra nahIM mila sakatI hai| 9. isa grantha kA prabhAva bAda meM hindI - santoM para bhI bahuta par3A hai / grantha kA mukhya viSaya paramAtmaprakAza meM do mahAdhikAra haiM 1. AtmAdhikAra (123 dohe) 2. mokSAdhikAra (214 dohe) pahalA AtmAdhikAra (1-123 ) paramAtmaprakAza grantha meM sarvaprathama maMgalAcaraNa meM pA~ca dohoM meM siddha parameSThI ko namaskAra kiyA gayA hai, usake bAda arihanta parameSThI ko usake bAda AcAryaupAdhyAya-sAdhu parameSThI ko namaskAra kiyA hai| grantha ke prArambha meM prabhAkara bhaTTa ne bhAvasahita paMcaparameSThI ko namaskAra vinayapUrvaka yaha prazna pUchA hai ki he svAmI ! mujhe isa saMsAra meM paribhramaNa karate hue anantakAla vyatIta ho gayA hai, parantu maiMne Aja taka kiMcita mAtra bhI sukha prApta nahIM kiyA hai| apitu mahAna dukha hI prApta kiyA hai| ataH mujhe aba usa paramAtmA kA svarUpa samajhAne kI kRpA kIjie, jisako jAnane para mere caturgati samasta dukhoM kA vinAza ho jaae| apane ziSya ke prazna kA uttara dete hue AcArya yogIndu use AtmA ke tIna bhedoM kA varNana samajhAte haiM 1. bahirAtmA : jo zarIra ko hI AtmA mAnatA hai vaha bahirAtmA hai / 2. antarAtmA : jo samAdhi meM sthira hokara jJAnamaya paramAtmA ko dekhatA hai vaha antarAtmA hai| 3. paramAtmA : jisane karmoM se mukta hokara jJAnamaya AtmA ko prApta kara liyA hai vaha paramAtmA hai| 214 :: pramukha jaina granthoM kA paricaya

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usake bAda jIva aura ajIva ko samajhAte hue kahate haiM ki jIva aura ajIva sadA alaga-alaga hI haiM, unako eka nahIM kiyA jA sakatA; tathApi ajJAnI jIva ina donoM ko eka hI mAnatA hai| jIva arthAt AtmA, cetnaa| ajIva arthAt anAtmA, acetn| ajIva pA~ca prakAra kA hai-pudagala, dharma, adharma, AkAza aura kaal| ajJAnI jIva AtmA aura zarIra ko eka mAnatA hai| jaise-yadi jIva yaha mAnatA hai ki maiM khA rahA hU~, pI rahA hU~, to vaha jIva aura pudgala ko eka mAnatA hai| vaha mAnatA hai ki maiM jIva ko gamana karAtA hU~, calA rahA hU~ to vaha jIva aura dharmadravya ko eka karatA hai| yadi vaha mAnatA hai ki maiM jIva ko rokatA hU~ to vaha jIva aura adharma dravya ko eka karatA hai| ___'maiM jIva ko jagaha detA hU~'-aisA mAnanA jIva aura AkAza dravya ko eka karanA hai| maiM jIva ko parivartana karAtA hU~'-aisA mAnanA jIva aura kAla dravya ko eka karanA hai| AtmA ke sambandha meM aneka mAnyatAe~ pracalita haiN| ina mAnyatAoM kA anekAntavAda ke anusAra samanvaya kiyA jA sakatA hai| yathA AtmA kevalajJAna se sampUrNa lokAloka ko jAnatA hai, isalie sarvagata kahA jAtA hai| AtmA indriyajanita jJAna se rahita hai, isalie jar3a kahA jAtA hai| siddha dazA meM antima zarIra ke pramANa rahatA hai, isalie deha pramANa kahA jAtA hai| AtmA samasta karmoM va vibhAvoM se atyanta rahita ho jAtA hai, isalie zUnya bhI kahA jAtA hai| jo AtmA ko jAna letA hai, vaha saba kucha jAna letA hai, kyoMki 1. sampUrNa dvAdazAMga kA sAra eka AtmA hI hai, ata: jisane eka AtmA ko jAnA usane saba jAna liyaa| 2. jagata meM do hI prakAra ke padArtha haiM-sva aura pr| jo AtmA ko jAnatA hai vaha sva aura para meM kabhI koI bhUla nahIM karatA hai; ata: yaha sahI hai ki jisane AtmA ko jAnA usane saba jAna liyaa| 3. jo AtmA ko jAnatA hai vaha jJAna se lokAloka ko jAna letA hai| 4. jo AtmA ko jAnatA hai vaha zIghra hI nirvikalpa samAdhi ke dvArA kevalajJAna ko prApta karake sampUrNa lokAloka ko jAna letA hai| 5. AtmA hI paraloka hai, kyoMki AtmA hI 'para' ko arthAt utkRSTa svabhAva ko 'loka' meM dekhatA hai| nirvikalpa samAdhi yA AtmadhyAna kA mahattva samajhAte hue kahA hai ki jisa paramAtmaprakAza :: 215

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prakAra agni kI eka kaNI parvata ke samAna ghAsa ke Dhera ko bhasma kara detI hai, usI prakAra nirvikalpa samAdhi janma-janmAntaroM ke saMcita karmoM ko kSaNabhara meM naSTa kara detI hai| isa adhikAra ke anta meM AcArya bhedAbheda ratnatraya kI bhAvanA aura samyagdRSTi aura mithyAdRSTi kA svarUpa samajhAte haiN| isa prakAra mAtra 123 dohoM meM AcArya ne apane ziSya ko isa mahattvapUrNa viSaya ko saralatA se samajhAyA hai| dUsarA mokSAdhikAra ( 1-214) isa mokSAdhikAra kA mukhya viSaya mokSa, mokSa kA phala aura mokSa kA mArga hai / sabase pahale mokSa kyA hai ? isakA uttara dete hue kahate haiM ki AtmA kI usa pUrNa svAdhIna dazA kA nAma hI mokSa hai, jo uttama sukha se paripUrNa hai| mokSamArga hI sarvottama hai, yaha batAte hue kahate haiM ki 1. mokSa sarvottama hai tabhI to vaha tInaloka meM sabase Upara hai| 2. mokSa prApta karane ke lie bar3e-bar3e tIrthaMkara Adi dharma, artha aura kAmavaibhava ko chor3a dete haiM / 3. mokSa meM uttama sukha hai tabhI siddha jIva anantakAla taka vahIM rahate haiM, lauTakara nahIM Ate haiM / 4. mokSa arthAt bandhana se rahita dazA, svatantratA, AjAdI / saMsAra ke sabhI prANI mukti cAhate haiM, pazu-pakSI bhI mukti prApta karanA cAhate haiM / pazu-pakSI ko sone ke piMjare meM bhI kaida karo, unakI acchI dekhabhAla bhI karo, lekina vaha hamezA unmukta AkAza kI ora hI jAnA cAhate haiM / isake bAda mokSa kA phala samajhate hue kahA hai ki ananta darzana, ananta jJAna, ananta sukha aura ananta vIrya kA anantakAla taka nirantara lAbha honA hI mokSa kA phala hai| arthAt mokSa prApta hone para ananta sukha kI avasthA prApta hotI hai| AcArya ne samyagdarzana, samyagjJAna aura samyak cAritra ko mokSa kA kAraNa batalAyA hai, inheM nizcayanaya aura vyavahAranaya donoM prakAra se samajhAyA hai| isake bAda SaDdravyoM kA paricaya diyA hai jise saMkSepa meM nimnalikhita cArTa dvArA AsAnI se samajhA jA sakatA hai| jIva, pudgala, dharma, adharma, AkAza aura kAla - ye SaDdravya haiM 216 :: pramukha jaina granthoM kA paricaya

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paramAtmaprakAza :: 217 krama nAma 1. jIva 2. pudgala dharma adharma 5. AkAza 6. kAla 3. 4. svarUpa amUrtika, jJAnAnandamaya sparza-rasa gaMdha-varNamaya gatihetu sthitihetu avagAhana hetu pariNamanahetu saMkhyA ananta anantAnanta eka eka eka asakhya pradeza asaMkhya SaDdravya - paricaya saMkhya, asaMkhya, ananta asaMkhya asaMkhya ananta eka mUrtatva cetanatva kriyA amUrtika cetana sakriya mUrtika amUrtika "" 11 11 acetana "" "1 11 sakriya niSkriya "" "1 11 astikAya "" "" 14 nahIM hai pariNamana svabhAva-vibhAva svabhAva-vibhAva mAtra svabhAvarUpa 11 "1 11

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1. jo jAnatA - dekhatA hai vaha jIva hai / 2. jisameM sparza-rasa- gandha-varNa Adi pAe jAe~ vaha pudgala hai| 3. jo jIva- pudgaloM ke gamana meM sAdhana ho use dharma dravya kahate haiM / 4. jo jIva aura pudgaloM kI sthiti meM sAdhana ho use adharma dravya kahate haiM / 5. jo sarvadravyoM ko avagAhana detA hai use AkAza dravya kahate haiN| 6. jo sarva dravyoM ke pariNamana meM nimitta hai use kAla dravya kahate haiM / pudgala ke chaha bheda 1. sthUla-sthUla : jo TUTa kara milate nahIM / jaise- patthara, kASTha Adi / 2. sthUla : jo TUTakara phira mila jAte haiM / jaise- jala, tela, ghI Adi / 3. sthUla sUkSma : jo dikhAI to de, para pakar3ane meM na aae| jaise - chAyA, cA~danI Adi / 4. sUkSma - sthUla : jo netra se nahIM dikhAI dete, parantu anya indriyoM se pakar3a meM Ate haiN| jaise- rasa, gandha Adi / 5. sUkSma : jo mile hue haiM phira bhI dikhAI nahIM dete| jaise - karmavargaNA / 6. sUkSmasUkSma : jisakA dUsarA bhAga nahIM hotA vaha paramANu sUkSmasUkSma hai| isake bAda AcArya samatAbhAva kI prazaMsA karate haiN| ve kahate haiM ki jo samatAbhAva se rahita haiM una durjanoM kI saMgati kabhI nahIM karanA cAhie / puNya aura pApa kI samatA batAte hue likhA hai ki jo jIva puNya aura pApa ko nahIM samajhatA, vaha moha ke vazIbhUta hokara ananta kAla taka bhaTakatA rahatA hai| deva, zAstra aura guru kI bhakti se puNya hotA hai / lekina zubhopayoga kI jagaha zuddhopayoga ko hI prApta karanA caahie| kyoMki zuddhopayogI ke hI saMyama, zIla aura tapa sambhava hote haiM, sabase pradhAna zuddhopayoga hI hai / ataH zuddhopayoga arthAt AtmA ko prApta karanA caahie| jinadIkSA dhAraNa karane ke bAda kiMcit bhI parigraha nahIM rakhanA cAhie, aisI AjJA AcArya apane ziSya ko dete haiN| AtmanirIkSaNa aura Atma-zuddhi sabase pahale Avazyaka hai / jisa prakAra pAnI ko bahuta bilone para bhI hAtha cikanA taka nahIM hotA, usI prakAra zreSTha samyagdarzana- jJAna - cAritra rahita jIvoM ko mokSa prApta nahIM hotA hai / Age AcArya apane ziSya ko samajhAte hue kahate haiM ki 218 :: pramukha jaina granthoM kA paricaya

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* * . * . * * * * * * mana ko vaza meM karane kA zreSTha upAya yahI hai ki usase zAntipUrvaka ekAnta meM sArI bAta kI jAe aura use sampUrNa vastusthiti kA sahI-sahI jJAna karAyA jaae| use dravya-guNa-paryAya aura karma siddhAnta Adi kA bhI niSpakSa hokara jJAna karAnA caahie| use bhalI prakAra samajhA denA cAhie ki jise tuma apanA ghara samajha rahe ho, vaha vAstava meM tumhArA ghara nahIM hai, apitu jelakhAnA hai / isa zarIra kI tuma kitanI hI sevA karo, yaha tumhArA nahIM honevAlA hai / aura jaba yaha zarIra hI tumhArA apanA nahIM ho sakatA to anya kyA ho sakatA hai ? anta meM AcArya kahate haiM ki 'paramAtmaprakAza' ke svAdhyAya kI yogyatA usI meM hai * parivAra, saMgha, samAja aura AhAra Adi ke moha se atyanta dUra raho / anitya, azaraNa Adi bAraha bhAvanAoM kA cintana hamezA karate raho / pratikUlatA Ane para bhI apanA manobala mata girAo, apanA manobala sadA U~cA hI rkho| kisI ke niSThura vacanoM ko bhI tattvacintana karake sahana karo, kabhI krodha mata kro| apane mana meM kisI bhI prakAra kI tanika sI bhI zalya mata rakho, anyathA vaha avazya bahuta dukha degii| nirvikalpa paramasamAdhi ko kabhI bhI mata bhUlanA / paMcendriya ko apane vaza meM karo, indriyoM ko kabhI khulA mata chor3o / jisake hRdaya meM paramAtmA kI bhakti bharI huI hai / jo paMcendriya-viSayoM meM ramatA nahIM hai| jisameM vicakSaNa jJAna hai aura jo zuddha manavAlA hai| jo jIva bhAva - sahita paramAtmaprakAza kA svAdhyAya karate haiM, ve zIghra hI moha ko jItakara paramArtha ke jJAtA ho jAte haiM aura unako lokAloka ko prakAzita karanevAlA kevalajJAna prApta ho jAtA hai| jo saMsAra ke dukhoM se atyanta bhayabhIta hai| jise mAtra mokSa kI hI abhilASA hai / paramAtmaprakAza :: 219

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nayacakra grantha ke nAma kA artha jaina sAhitya meM nayacakra nAma ke tIna-cAra grantha milate haiM, jinameM sarvAdhika prasiddha yahI nayacakra hai| isa nayacakra kA pUrA nAma hai - ' dravyasvabhAva - prakAzaka nyckr'| saMkSepa meM ise nayacakra yA dravyasvabhAva - prakAza bhI kahate haiM / cU~ki isa grantha meM dravyAnuyoga kA kathana hai aura isameM dravyoM ke svabhAva para prakAza DAlA gayA hai; dravya, guNa, paryAya aura naya kA varNana kiyA gayA hai, ataH ise 'dravyasvabhAva - prakAzaka nayacakra' kahA hai / yaha grantha mukhya rUpa se naya para AdhArita hai, ataH ise nayacakra kahA jAtA hai / granthakAra kA paricaya prastuta grantha 'nayacakra' AcArya mAilladhavala kI eka zreSTha evaM ati mahattvapUrNa racanA hai / lekina hameM bar3e dukha ke sAtha yaha kahanA par3a rahA hai ki'mAilladhavala' AcArya ke bAre meM bilakula bhI paricaya prApta nahIM hotA hai| inakA samaya taka bhI prApta nahIM hotA hai / grantha kA mahattva 1. yaha kRti yadyapi AcArya devasena ke nayacakra se prabhAvita hai, phira bhI eka prAmANika tathA mahattvapUrNa racanA hone ke kAraNa isakI apanI upayogitA hai / 2. isa grantha kA adhyayana kara lene para sampUrNa naya kA viSaya spaSTa ho jAtA hai / 220 :: pramukha jaina granthoM kA paricaya

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3. jainadarzana meM varNita viSaya ke svarUpoM ko samajhane ke lie yaha eka anivArya grantha hai / kyoMki samayasAra Adi granthoM ko samajhane ke lie jaina dharma meM eka vizeSa paddhati hai - naya / ataH dArzanika aura AdhyAtmika granthoM ko samajhane ke lie 'nayacakra' mahattvapUrNa grantha hai / 4. jainadharma ko sampUrNa rUpa se samajhane ke lie naya evaM pramANa kA jJAna honA anivArya hai / ye donoM hI viSaya ke svarUpoM kA nizcaya karAne ke lie mukhya sAdhana haiM / 5. anekAnta kA mUla hI naya hai aura jaina darzana anekAntavAdI hai / 6. isa grantha meM nayoM kI carcA ke sAtha- sAtha dravya aura paryAya ke atirikta Agama evaM adhyAtma Adi viSayoM kA jJAna karAyA gayA hai| 7. prastuta grantha meM dravya, guNa tathA paryAya ko samajhAne ke lie vistAra se nayoM kA varNana kiyA hai, jo atyanta mahattvapUrNa hai / 8. yaha eka aisA mahAna grantha hai, jisameM svAdhyAyopayogI prAyaH sabhI viSaya samAhita haiM, kyoMki kucha granthoM meM dravya, guNa, paryAya tathA nayoM kI carcA hai to usameM saptatattva tathA ratnatraya kI carcA nahIM hai aura kucha granthoM meM saptatattva tathA ratnatraya kI carcA hai, to nayoM kI vistRta carcA nahIM hai / grantha kA mukhya viSaya isa grantha meM kula 425 gAthAe~ haiM / sabase pahale maMgalAcaraNa meM AcArya una siddhoM ko aura jinadeva ko namaskAra karate haiM, jinhoMne vizvasvarUpa trikAlavartI dravyoM ko pUrNa rUpa se dekhA hai / dravyoM ke svabhAva kA ThIka-ThIka jJAna nayoM kA jJAna hue binA nahIM ho sakatA / jaise - dharmahIna manuSya sukha cAhatA hai aura pyAsA manuSya pAnI ke binA pyAsa bujhAnA cAhatA hai, vaise hI mUr3ha manuSya nayoM ke binA dravyoM kA jJAna karanA cAhatA hai / jaise dharma ke binA sukha nahIM ho sakatA aura pAnI ke binA pyAsa nahIM bujha sakatI, vaise hI nayoM ke jJAna ke binA dravyoM ke svarUpa kA bodha nahIM ho sakatA / tathA dravyoM ke svarUpa kA yathArtha jJAna hue binA samyagdRSTi nahIM ho sktaa| isalie granthakAra ne ise mokSa kA mArga kahA hai| jaise--dravyoM ke svabhAva ko samajhane ke lie kundakundAcArya ke grantha anamola haiM, vaise hI nayoM ke svarUpa ko samajhane ke lie nayacakra grantha anamola hai| nayacakra:: 221

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hai isa grantha meM kula 12 adhikAra (adhyAya) haiM 1. guNa adhikAra 2. paryAya adhikAra 5. sAta tattva adhikAra 6. nau padArtha adhikAra 7. pramANa adhikAra 8. naya adhikAra 9. nikSepa adhikAra 10. samyagdarzana adhikAra 11. samyagjJAna adhikAra 12. samyak cAritra adhikAra ukta bAraha adhikAroM meM se dravya, paJcAstikAya, sAta tattva, nau padArtha, samyagdarzana, samyagjJAna aura samyakcAritra - ina sAta viSayoM kA varNana hama pUrva meM kara cuke haiN| (dekheM pRSTha dravya 160-164, paJcAstikAya 163 - 164, sAta tattva 142, nau padArtha 165, samyagdarzana 104-106, samyagjJAna 107-108; 123-124, samyakcAritra 108-116 ) ataH yahA~ hama kevala guNa, paryAya, pramANa, naya aura nikSepa ina pA~coM para hI carcA kareMge, kyoMki pUrva ke granthoM meM ukta sAtoM viSayoM ko bahuta hI AsAnI se saralatA se samajhA diyA hai| aba guNa, paryAya, naya aura nikSepa ko saralatA se samajhAne kA prayAsa kareMge, jaisA ki isa nayacakra grantha meM diyA gayA I 3. dravya adhikAra 4. paJcAstikAya adhikAra 1. guNa jo dravya ke sAtha pAe jAte hoM, jo dravya ke sahabhAvI (sAthI) hoM, unheM guNa kahate haiN| guNoM ke samudAya ko dravya kahate haiM, ataH guNa dravya ke sahabhAvI hote haiM aura paryAya kramabhAvI hotI haiM arthAt eka dravya ke saba guNa eka sAtha rahate haiM, kintu paryAya eka ke bAda eka krama se hotI haiN| jaise- jIva eka dravya hai aura jIva ke sabhI guNa eka sAtha rahate haiM / usake svabhAva sAtha rahate haiM / parantu paryAya eka ke bAda eka krama se hI hotI haiM / 222 :: pramukha jaina granthoM kA paricaya

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guNa do prakAra ke hote haiM-1. sAmAnya guNa aura 2. vizeSa gunn| jo guNa saba dravyoM meM pAye jAe~ unheM sAmAnya guNa kahate haiM / ye dasa prakAra ke hote haiN| jo pratyeka dravya ke viziSTa guNa hote haiM unheM vizeSa guNa kahate haiN| ye solaha prakAra ke hote haiN| sAmAnya aura vizeSa guNa ke prakAroM kA vistAra se varNana isa grantha meM hai| 2. paryAya pratyeka dravya meM jo sAmAnya aura vizeSa guNa haiM, unake parivartana yA vikAra ko paryAya kahate haiN| jaise-dUdha kA dahI jmnaa| miTTI kA ghar3A bnnaa| eka paryAya utpanna hotI hai to eka paryAya naSTa hotI hai, ata: paryAya utpAda-vinAzazIla hai| jaise-bAlaka jaba bar3A ho jAtA hai to vaha yuvaka bana jAtA hai| phira bUr3hA ho jAtA hai| yuvaka banane para bAlaka kI paryAya naSTa ho jAtI hai| bUr3hA hone para yuvaka kI, ataH paryAya utpAda-vinAzazIla hai| paryAya do prakAra kI hotI hai-(1) svabhAva paryAya (2) vibhAva pryaay| paryAya svabhAvaparyAya sabhI dravyoM meM hotI hai| vibhAvaparyAya jIva aura pudgala dravya __meM hI hotI hai| isake bAda isa adhyAya meM dravya aura guNoM meM svabhAva aura vibhAva kI apekSA se paryAyoM ke cAra bheda batAye haiN| aura chaH dravyoM ke sAtha paryAyoM kA sambandha batAyA hai| 3. pramANa (1) vastu ke sacce jJAna ko pramANa kahate haiN| (2) jisake dvArA vastutattva ko ekadama sahI rUpa meM (zaMkA se rahita hokara) jAnA jAtA hai, pahacAnA jAtA hai, use pramANa kahate haiN| jaise-sIpa ko nayacakra :: 223

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sIpa ke rUpa se aura cA~dI ko cA~dI ke rUpa se jAnA jAtA hai| sIpa meM cA~dI kA bhrama honA pramANa nahIM hai| (3) jo jJAna vastu ke yathArtha svarUpa ko samyak rUpa se jAnatA hai use pramANa kahate haiN| pramANa parokSa pramANa pratyakSa pramANa matijJAna zrutajJAna vikala pratyakSa sakala pratyakSa avadhijJAna mana:paryayajJAna kevalajJAna paribhASA 1. parokSa jJAna : jo jJAna indriya, prakAza evaM upadeza Adi bAhya nimittoM se __ hotA hai use parokSa jJAna kahate haiN| 2. pratyakSa jJAna : nirmala yA spaSTa jJAna ko pratyakSa jJAna kahate haiM / yaha jJAna para kI sahAyatA ke binA mAtra AtmA se hI hotA hai| 3. vikala pratyakSa : jo jJAna kucha hI padArthoM ko jAnatA hai, use vikala __ pratyakSa jJAna kahate haiN| 4. sakala pratyakSa : jo jJAna sabhI dravyoM ko sabhI paryAyoM ko eka sAtha jAnatA hai, use anupama sakala pratyakSa jJAna kahate haiN| 5. matijJAna : mana aura indriyoM kI sahAyatA se jo jJAna hotA hai, use matijJAna kahate haiN| 6. zrutajJAna : matijJAna se jAne hue padArtha meM mana kI sahAyatA se jo vizeSa jJAna hotA hai, use zrutajJAna kahate haiN| 7. avadhijJAna : indriyoM kI sahAyatA ke binA kevala AtmA se jo padArthoM ko ekadeza (thor3A kama) jAnatA hai yA jo pratyakSa jJAna hotA hai, use avadhijJAna kahate haiN| 224 :: pramukha jaina granthoM kA paricaya

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8. manaHparyayajJAna : dUsare ke mana meM sthita artha ko (bhAva ko, vicAra ko) jo ekadeza pratyakSa jAnatA hai, use manaHparyayajJAna kahate haiN| ye donoM jJAna mUrta padArtha ko hI pratyakSa jAnate haiM, usakI saba paryAyoM ko nahIM jAnate, kucha hI paryAyoM ko hI jAnate haiM arthAta sAmane jo dravya hai usakI kucha paryAyoM (avasthA, gati) ko jAnate haiN| 9. kevalajJAna : kevalajJAna saba dravyoM kI saba paryAyoM ko eka sAtha jAnatA hai, isIlie use anupama jJAna kahA jAtA hai| 4. naya paribhASA : (1) pramANa dvArA jo vastu grahaNa kI jAtI hai, usake eka aMza ko yA eka bhAga ko jAnanA yA kahanA naya hai| (2) zrutajJAna ke Azraya se jJAnI kA jo vikalpa vastu ke aMza ko grahaNa karatA hai use naya kahate haiN| arthAt zrutajJAna ke eka aMza ko jAnanA naya hai| (3) naya zrutajJAna kA bheda hai, isalie zruta ke AdhAra se hI naya kI pravRtti hotI hai| zruta pramANa hone ke kAraNa sakalagrAhI (sabako jAnanevAlA) hotA hai, usake eka aMza ko grahaNa karanevAlA naya hotA hai| zrutajJAna ke do nAma haiM-unameM se eka kA nAma syAdvAda hai aura dUsare kA nAma naya hai| anekAnta kA mUla naya hai| naya kA mahattva (1) naya ke binA manuSya ko syAdvAda kA bodha nahIM ho sktaa| jo dharma kA mUla siddhAnta anekAntavAda aura syAdvAda ko jAnanA cAhatA hai, use naya ko samajhanA hogaa| (2) dhyAna kA abhyAsa karanevAloM ko yA dhyAna karanevAloM ko naya aura pramANa kA svarUpa avazya jAnanA caahie| (3) samyagdRSTi banane ke lie vastu svarUpa kA jJAna honA Avazyaka hai aura _ vastu svarUpa ke jJAna ke lie nayadRSTi kA honA Avazyaka hai| naya ke bheda jaina siddhAnta meM vastu aneka svabhAvavAlI mAnI gayI hai| jo nitya (sthira aura nayacakra :: 225

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aTala hai vahI anitya bhI hai aura jo anitya hai vaha nitya bhI hai| dravyarUpa se) pratyeka vastu nitya hai, paryAyarUpa se pratyeka vastu anitya hai| isI kAraNa naya ke do prakAra haiM : __ 1. dravyArthika naya : vastu ke dravya ke aMza ko jAnanevAlA dravyArthika naya hai| jaise-sonaa| 2. paryAyArthika naya : vastu kI paryAya ko jAnanevAlA paryAyArthika naya hai| jaise-sone kA kdd'aa| nayoM kI saMkhyA asaMkhyAta hai| ve asaMkhyAta dravyArthika aura paryAyArthika ke hI bheda haiM, kyoMki unakA sabakA viSaya yA to dravya hotA hai yA pryaay| AdhyAtmika dRSTi se naya ke mUla bheda : 1. nizcayanaya : jo bhUtArtha hai arthAt satya hai, vaha nizcaya naya hai| 2. vyavahAranaya : jo abhUtArtha hai arthAt asatya hai, vaha vyavahAranaya hai| isake bAda dravyArthika naya ke dasa bheda aura paryAyArthika naya ke chaha bheda batAye haiN| inake bheda-upabheda bhI vistAra se isa grantha meM batAe haiN| ataH jo pAThaka vistAra se naya ko jAnanA cAhatA hai, kRpayA vaha isa grantha kA svAdhyAya kare, kyoMki yahA~ viSaya kA vistAra karane se viSaya kaThina ho jaaegaa| naya aura pramANa meM antara naya aura pramANa donoM hI samyagjJAna ke rUpa haiN| isa apekSA se unameM koI antara nahIM hai| phira bhI pramANa sabhI vastuoM ko sAmAnya vizeSa rUpa se eka sAtha jAnatA hai| aura naya usake kisI eka aMza ko mukhya rUpa se jAnatA hai| yahI antara hai isIlie naya ko pramANa kA hI aMza kahate haiN| 5. nikSepa paribhASA : kisI bhI bAta ko kahane kI eka vizeSa zailI hai nikssep| nikSepa ke cAra bheda haiM-(1) nAma (2) sthApanA (3) dravya (4) bhaav| ina cAroM ko hama eka udAharaNa se samajha sakate haiN| udAharaNa : rAjA cAra prakAra kA hai-nAmarAjA, sthApanArAjA, dravyarAjA aura bhaavraajaa| 226 :: pramukha jaina granthoM kA paricaya

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1. koI bhI sAmAnya puruSa jisakA nAma rAjA hai, vaha nAmarAjA hai| 2. kASTha-citrAdi meM sthApita rAjA sthApanArAjA hai| 3. koI bAlaka, rAjakumAra yA muni jo rAjA hogA yA thA vaha dravyarAjA hai| 4. vartamAna meM rAjya karanevAlA pratApI puruSa bhAvarAjA hai| aba isako vizeSa rUpa se jAneMge, jaise1. kisI vyakti kA nAma arihanta hai, parantu usameM arihanta kA guNa nahIM hai, to vaha mAtra nAmanikSepa hai| 2. kRtrima yA akRtrima bimboM meM arhanta parameSThI kI sthApanA kara pUjA karanA sthApanA nikSepa hai| 3. jo muni yA zrAvaka arihanta avasthA ko prApta karane ke lie prayatnazIla hai vaha dravyanikSepa hai| 4. jo muni yA zrAvaka arihanta ke guNoM ke anurUpa hI hai, vaha bhAvanikSepa hai| isa prakAra nayacakra grantha meM pramANa, naya aura nikSepa kA vizeSa varNana hai| sAtha meM dravya, padArtha aura ratnatraya Adi vizeSa viSayoM kA bhI varNana hai| ataH yaha grantha dArzanika dRSTi se bahuta upayogI hai| kRpayA ekAgra hokara isakA adhyayana avazya kreN| isase zrAvaka dravya-guNa-paryAya, pramANa, naya aura nikSepa Adi viSayoM ko AsAnI se samajha sakate haiN| nayacakra :: 227

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samayasAra grantha ke nAma kA artha isa grantha kA nAma samayasAra hai| ise samayapAhuDa bhI kahate haiN| 'samayasAra' kA artha samayasAra kA artha hai-samaya kA saar| 'samaya' zabda ke bahuta artha hote haiM1. samaya kA eka artha darzana hai| yaha pUre darzana kA sAra hai, isalie ise samayasAra kahate haiN| 2. samaya kA artha dvAdazAMga jinavANI bhI hotA hai, isalie samayasAra kA artha __huA dvAdazAMga jinavANI kA saar| 3. samaya zabda kA artha padArtha bhI hotA hai, dravya bhI hotA hai| sabhI dravyoM kA, sabhI padArthoM kA sAra isa grantha meM hai, ata: isakA nAma samayasAra hai| 4. samaya zabda kA eka artha AtmA bhI hotA hai| isa grantha meM AtmA kA sAra hai, . isalie isakA nAma samayasAra hai| 'samayapAhuDa' kA artha 1. pAhuDa kA artha hai-'bheMTa denaa'| pAhuDa zabda prAkRta meM hai| saMskRta meM ise prAbhRta kahate haiN| prAbhRta kA artha hotA hai, upahAra denaa| AcArya kundakunda ne bhavya jIvoM ko, zrAvakoM ko yaha grantha upahAra svarUpa pradAna kiyA hai, isalie isa grantha ko samayapAhuDa bhI kahate haiN| 2. pAhuDa zabda kA anya arthazAstroM meM milatA hai ki jo paramparA se calA A rahA hai, tIrthaMkaroM kI divya dhvani se nikalakara A rahA hai, use pAhuDa kahate haiN| yaha grantha sAkSAt tIrthaMkara kI divya dhvani se nikalA hai aura bAda meM 228 :: pramukha jaina granthoM kA paricaya nayacakra :: 228

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gaNadhara aura aneka AcAryoM kI paramparA se yaha grantha calA A rahA hai| isalie isa grantha kA nAma samayapAhuDa hai| granthakAra kA paricaya AcAryoM kI paramparA meM kundakundAcArya kA sthAna mahattvapUrNa hai| inakI gaNanA aise yugasaMsthApaka AcArya ke rUpa meM kI gayI hai, jinake nAma se uttaravartI paramparA kundakunda AmnAya ke nAma se prasiddha huI hai| kisI bhI kArya ke prArambha meM maMgalarUpa meM inakA stavana kiyA jAtA hai| "maGgalaM bhagavAn vIro, maGgalaM gautamo gnnii| maGgalaM kundakundAryo, jainadharmo'stu mngglm||" arthAt bhagavAn mahAvIra maMgala haiM, gautama gaNadhara maMgala haiM, kundakunda AcArya maMgala haiM aura jainadharma bhI maMgala rUpa hai| ___ AcArya kundakunda kA samaya prathama zatAbdI mAnA jAtA hai| AcArya kundakunda adhyAtmazAstra ke mahAna praNetA evaM yugasaMsthApaka AcArya the| dravyAnuyoga ke kSetra meM abhI taka ina jaisA pratibhAzAlI, adhyAtmayogI dUsarA AcArya nahIM hai| bAlyAvasthA se hI kundakunda pratibhAzAlI the| inakI vilakSaNa smaraNazakti aura kuzAgrabuddhi ke kAraNa laukika zikSA meM inakA adhika samaya vyatIta nahIM huaa| mAtra gyAraha varSa kI umra meM hI munirAja ke vacanoM se virakta hokara digambara dIkSA grahaNa kI aura 33 varSa kI avasthA meM inhoMne AcArya pada prApta kiyaa| AcArya kundakunda ke padmanandi, kundakunda vakragrIva, elAcArya aura gRddhapicchaye pA~ca nAma pracalita haiN| AcArya kundakunda ke jIvanavRtta evaM vyaktitva ke sambandha meM aneka kathAe~ bhI pracalita haiM, jinase unake jIvana para prakAza par3atA hai| AcArya jayasena ne TIkA ke prArambha meM kundakunda ke pUrva videha meM jAne kI kathA kI ora bhI saMketa karate hue likhA hai ki inhoMne pUrvavideha meM vItarAgasarvajJa sImandhara svAmI ke darzana kiye the| unake mukhakamala se nikalI divyadhvani ko sunakara adhyAtmatattva kA sAra grahaNa kara ve vApasa lautte| usake bAda sImandhara svAmI se prApta divyajJAna kA zramaNoM ko upadeza diyA thaa| racanAe~ digambara sAhitya ke mahAna praNetAoM meM AcArya kundakunda kA mUrdhanya sthAna hai| samayasAra :: 229

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inakI sabhI racanAe~ zaurasenI prAkRta meM haiN| kucha pramukha racanAoM ke nAma 1. samayasAra 2. pravacanasAra 3. paMcAstikAya 4. niyamasAra 5. bArasa-aNuvekkhA (dvAdazAnuprekSA) 6. aSTapAhuDa grantha kA mahattva 1. 'samayasAra' grantha kA mahattva batAnA sUraja ko dIpaka dikhAne ke samAna hai| samayasAra kI mahimA kA varNana to bar3e-bar3e AcArya bhI nahIM kara pAe haiM, ataH hama to kaise bhI nahIM kaha skte| 2. AcArya amRtacandrasvAmI (samayasAra ke TIkAkAra) ne kahA hai ki samayasAra se mahAna, sarvazreSTha tIna loka meM dUsarI koI vastu nahIM hai| vAstava meM yaha adbhuta, apUrva, anamola, sarvazreSTha aura mukuTamaNi mahAgrantha hai| isalie ise AcArya amRtacandrasvAmI ne lokatrayaikanetraM' arthAt 'tIna loka kI ikalautI A~kha kahA hai| vAstava meM yaha jagata kA advitIya akSaya cakSu hai| 3. paNDita AzAdharajI ne samayasAra ke bAre meM likhA hai ki yaha grantha dvAdaza aMga kA sAra grantha hai| 4. samayasAra kI mahimA aparampAra hai| zAstroM meM samayasAra ko kAmadhenu aura cintAmaNi ratna se bhI bar3hakara batAyA hai| yaha samayasAra grantha AgamoM kA bhI Agama hai, lAkhoM zAstroM kA sAra hai| yaha jainazAsana kA stambha hai| 5. yaha granthAdhirAja atyanta krAntikArI mahAzAstra hai| isa grantha ne pichale 2000 varSoM meM lAkhoM logoM ke jIvana ko badalA hai, unake jIva ko adhyAtmamaya banAyA hai| jinameM brahmacArI zItalaprasAda jI, zrImad rAyacandra, kAnajI svAmI Adi aneka vyakti sammilita haiN| 6. bambaI meM zrImad rAyacandra jI ne 'samayasAra' grantha ko sarvazreSTha hIrA aura pArasamaNi kahA hai| yahA~ taka ki jo vyakti unake pAsa samayasAra grantha lekara AyA thA, use unhoMne khajAne meM se asaMkhya hIre dAna die the| yaha prasaMga bahuta pracalita hai| 7. 'samayasAra' grantha para Aja taka vividha bhASAoM meM lagabhaga 100 TIkAe~ 230 :: pramukha jaina granthoM kA paricaya

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aura vyAkhyAe~ likhI gayI haiN| 7. aMgrejI, urdU aura jApAnI Adi aneka videzI bhASAoM meM bhI isakA anuvAda ho gayA hai| 8. dezoM, pradezoM meM hI nahIM, apitu videzoM meM bhI isa grantha ko bahuta adhika par3hA aura par3hAyA jAtA hai| 10. vidyAlaya, mahAvidyAlaya aura vizvavidyAlayoM ke pAThyakrama meM yaha grantha sammilita hai| 11. yaha grantha bahuta sarala aura subodha bhASA meM likhA gayA hai| isameM gAthA jaisA madhura chanda hai| usa samaya jaba isa grantha kI racanA huI thI, taba isakI gAthA ko gvAle, bAlaka bhI gAyA karate the| samayasAra likhane kA mukhya uddezya yahI thA ki isa grantha ko hara bhAratIya AsAnI se samajha ske| 12. bhedavijJAna ko jAnane aura samajhane ke lie yaha grantha bahuta upayogI hai| hama kaha sakate haiM ki vAstava meM 'samayasAra' grantha sarvotkRSTa AdhyAtmika grantha hai| zuddha AtmA kA itanA sundara varNana anyatra durlabha hai| __ jaise-jIvana meM eka bAra tIrtharAja zikharajI avazya jAnA cAhie, vaise hI zrAvakoM ko jIvana meM eka bAra isa grantharAja kA svAdhyAya avazya karanA caahie| grantha kA mukhya viSaya samayasAra grantha meM AcArya amRtacandra kI TIkA ke anusAra 415 gAthAe~ aura jayasenAcArya kI TIkA ke anusAra 439 gAthAe~ haiN| yaha grantha dasa adhikAroM meM vibhakta hai| 1. pUrvaraMga adhikAra (gAthA 1-38 taka) samayasAra ko TIkAkAroM ne nATaka kA rUpa diyA hai, isalie isa adhikAra kA nAma pUrvaraMga hai| pUrvaraMga arthAt nATaka ke pahale kI prstaavnaa| isa adhikAra meM sabase pahale maMgalAcaraNa kiyA hai| maMgalAcaraNa meM AcArya kundakunda ne kahA hai ki maiM dhruva, acala aura anupama gati ko prApta siddhoM ko namaskAra karake kevalI aura zrutakevalI ne jo samajhAyA hai, vaha samayasAra kahatA huuN| jo jIva samyagdarzana-jJAna-cAritra meM sthita haiM, unheM svasamaya kahate haiN| jo jIva pudgala meM sthita haiM, unheM parasamaya kahate haiN| arthAt jo jIva AtmA meM sthita hai, vaha 'svasamaya' haiM, aura jo zarIra meM lage rahate haiM vaha 'parasamaya' haiN| tIna loka samayasAra :: 231

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meM sabase sundara apanI AtmA hai, jaba isa AtmA ke sAtha zarIra aura anya sambandha jur3atA hai, taba sAre dukha zurU ho jAte haiM, sArI karma-kahAnI zurU ho jAtI hai| sabhI ne kAma-bhoga bandha ke bAre meM bahuta sunA hai| inakA paricaya bhI prApta kiyA hai, anubhava bhI kiyA hai, lekina isa zuddhAtmA kI bAta kabhI nahIM sunI hai| na isakA paricaya prApta kiyA hai aura na anubhava kiyA hai, isalie yaha bAta ise kaThina lagatI hai| yaha AtmA jJAyaka hai| isameM koI bheda nahIM karanA caahie| AtmA ke jJAnadarzana-cAritra haiM, yaha bAta vyavahAra se kahI jAtI hai| nizcaya naya se AtmA ke jJAna bhI nahIM hai, darzana bhI nahIM hai, cAritra bhI nahIM hai| AtmA jJAna-darzana-cAritra kA eka akhaNDa piNDa hai aura eka zuddha svarUpa hai| jisa prakAra mleccha vyakti ko mleccha bhASA ke binA koI bhI bAta samajhAI nahIM jA sakatI hai| usI prakAra vyavahAra ke binA saMsArI jIvoM ko paramAgama (zAstroM) kA upadeza nahIM samajhAyA jA sktaa| isalie zAstroM meM vyavahAra kA upadeza diyA hai, lekina samajhadAra logoM ko usameM se uttama artha ko grahaNa karanA caahie| zAstroM meM jIva, ajIva, Asrava, bandha, saMvara, nirjarA aura mokSa Adi sAta tattva aura puNya-pApa milAkara nau padArtha batAe haiN| inako ThIka taraha se jo jAnatA hai aura jo apanI AtmA ko zuddha jAnatA hai, vahI zuddha samyagdRSTi hai| vahI sAre zAstroM kA jJAtA hai| jo jIva AtmA ke zuddha svarUpa ko nahIM jAnatA vaha ajJAnI hai| zAstroM meM kahA gayA hai ki jo sAdhu puruSa haiM, unheM samyagdarzana-jJAna-cAritra kA hamezA sevana karanA cAhie, inakA pAlana karanA caahie| para vAstava meM isakA artha hai ki AtmA kI ArAdhanA karanA caahie| AtmA kI ArAdhanA se hI samyagdarzana-jJAna-cAritra tInoM kI ArAdhanA ho jAtI hai| isa ArAdhanA kA nAma hI samyagdarzana-jJAna-cAritra hai| jisa prakAra koI vyakti adhika dhana pAne ke lie pUrI lagana niSThA se rAjA kI sevA karatA hai, usa para zraddhA karatA hai aura usakI AjJA kA pAlana karatA hai| usI prakAra mokSa prApta karane ke lie vyakti ko jIvarUpI AtmA (rAjA) ko jAnanA cAhie, phira usa para zraddhA karanA caahie| usake bAda usI kA anusaraNa karanA cAhie arthAt anubhava ke dvArA usameM tanmaya ho jAnA caahie| sirpha AtmA kA hI dhyAna karanA caahie| 232 :: pramukha jaina granthoM kA paricaya

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jaba taka hama apane se bhinna parapadArthoM meM strI, puruSa, makAna, dukAna, putraputrI aura grAma-nagara inako apanA mAnate raheMge; yaha mere haiM, maiM inakA hU~, maiM inakA kartA hU~, yaha mere kartA haiM, inhoMne mujhe banAyA hai, maiM inako banAtA hU~, ityAdi bhAvanA karate raheMge, taba taka hama ajJAnI hI haiN| jaba hama isa taraha kI bhAvanA ko chor3a deMge taba hama jJAnI bneNge| vyavahAra meM kahA jAtA hai ki jIva aura zarIra eka hai| vAstava meM jIva aura zarIra eka nahIM ho skte| donoM alaga-alaga haiN| samajhadAra vyakti inameM bhedavijJAna karatA hai| ___ jaise-jaba hama bhagavAna kI stuti karate haiM, pUjA karate haiM to hama unake zarIra kI pUjA nahIM karate apitu hama unake guNoM kI pUjA, stuti karate haiN| unakI vItarAgatA evaM sarvajJatA Adi guNoM kI stuti karate haiN| AcArya kahate haiM ki pratidina ekAnta meM baiThakara thor3I dera cintana karo ki maiM eka hU~, zuddha hU~, darzana-jJAnamaya hU~, paradravya parabhAvoM se bilakula rahita huuN| darzana-jJAna svabhAvI hU~ aura aNumAtra bhI padArtha merA nahIM hai| 2 jIvAjIvAdhikAra (gAthA 39 se 68 taka) isa adhikAra meM kahA hai ki jIva aura ajIva ko alaga-alaga smjho| inako eka mata smjho| jIva ko ajIva ke sAtha, ajIva ko jIva ke sAtha mata milaao| jaise-maiM kAlA hU~, maiM sundara huuN| para jIva (AtmA) kAlA aura sundara nahIM hotaa| ajIva, pudgala, zarIra, rUpa yaha saba kAlA aura sundara hotA hai| isa taraha hamane jIva (AtmA) aura ajIva (zarIra) ko milA diyA hai| jIva kA kartA, karma evaM adhikaraNa saba alaga haiN| ajIva kA kartA, karma adhikaraNa saba alaga haiN| jIva ke varNa, rasa, gaMdha, sparza, zarIra, moha, rAga aura dveSa nahIM haiN| yadyapi ye dUdha aura pAnI kI taraha eka sAtha rahate haiM, lekina jisa taraha dUdha aura pAnI alaga haiM, usI taraha AtmA aura zarIra alaga-alaga haiN| isI prakAra vyakti ke karmoM aura varNoM ko dekhakara vyavahAra se kahA jAtA hai ki yaha varNa jIva kA hai| varNa ke sAtha-sAtha gandha, rasa, sparza, rUpa aura deha Adi ke bAre meM bhI samajhanA cAhie ki ye saba vicAra vyavahAra se jIva ke haiN| nizcaya se jIva ke ye vicAra nahIM hote| zAstroM meM jo ekendriya, dvIndriya, trIndriya, caturindraya, paMcendriya aura sUkSma Adi jo jIva kahe gae haiM, ve saba nAmakarma kI prakRtiyA~ haiN| inako par3hate-jAnate samayasAra :: 233

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samaya dhyAna rakhanA aura acchI taraha se samajhanA, ye jIva nahIM haiN| ye bAta isa adhikAra meM samajhAI hai| zAstroM meM jo deva, manuSya aura tiryaMca gati Adi batAI hai, vaha zarIra ke hotI haiN| ajIva ke hotI haiM / jIva ke ye gati nahIM hotI / jIva sirpha cetanAmaya (prANavAlA) hai| ajIva meM cetanA nahIM hai / isalie jIva ko jIva aura ajIva ko ajIva samajhanA caahie| ina donoM ko milAnA nahIM hai| alaga-alaga jAnanA cAhie / vyavahAra ke kathana dvArA hI deha ko jIva mAna liyA gayA hai / para deha pudgala hai| ajIva ke, pudgala ke, indriya, raMga aura jAti hotI hai / jIva ke indriya, raMga aura jAti kucha nahIM hotI haiN| 3. karttAkarmAdhikAra ( gAthA 69-144 taka ) pahale jIvAjIvAdhikAra meM sva aura para (dUsare) kI bhinnatA spaSTa kara dii| parantu jaba taka yaha AtmA svayaM ko para kA karttA - bhoktA mAnatA rahatA hai, taba taka vAstavika bhedavijJAna prakaTa nahIM hotA hai / bahuta loga jIva aura ajIva donoM dravyoM ko alaga-alaga mAnane ke bAda bhI eka-dUsare ko karttA-karma mAnate haiM, isalie isa bhrama ko tor3ane ke lie yaha karttAkarma adhikAra likhA hai| 1. jIva, jIva kA karttA hotA hai, ajIva kA nahIM aura ajIva, ajIva kA karttA hotA hai, jIva kA nahIM / yadi AtmA ko ajIva kA kartA mAna leM to, AtmA na to svatantra ho sakatA hai, na usameM svAvalambana kA bhAva jAgRta ho sakatA hai| 2. yadi eka dravya ko dUsare dravya ke kAryoM kA karttA-bhoktA mAna liyA jAtA hai, to pratyeka dravya kI svatantratA kA koI artha nahIM raha jAtA hai| isI bAta ko karttA-karma adhikAra meM bar3I hI spaSTatA se samajhAyA gayA hai| 3. para ke lakSya se AtmA meM utpanna honevAle moha-rAgabhAvoM kA karttA bhI jJAnI nahIM hotA, vaha to unheM mAtra jAnatA hai| -dveSa Adi vikArI 4. AtmA meM utpanna honevAle moha-rAga- -dveSa ke bhAva Asrava bhAva haiN| isa adhikAra kA Arambha bhI AtmA aura AsravoM ke bIca bhedavijJAna se hotA hai| jaise--jaba AtmA alaga hai, zubhAzubha bhAva alaga hai, to zubhAzubha bhAvoM kA karttA-bhoktA AtmA kaise ho sakatA hai ? 5. AtmA jJAnasvarUpa hai, svayaM jJAna hI hai, ataH AtmA ko jJAna ke 234 :: pramukha jaina granthoM kA paricaya

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atirikta dUsaroM kA karttA mAnanA ajJAna hai / yaha vyavahArI jIvoM kA moha hai ki AtmA ko dUsaroM kA karttA - bhoktA mAnate haiM / jaise - yuddha, yoddhAoM dvArA hI kiyA jAtA hai, tathApi vyavahAra meM yahI kahA hai ki yuddha rAjA ne kiyA hai| 6. jisa prakAra prajA ke doSa - guNoM kA utpAdaka rAjA ko kahA jAtA hai, usI prakAra zarIra ke parivartana kA karttA jIva ko kahA jAtA hai / isa prakAra aneka udAharaNoM dvArA AcArya kundakunda spaSTa karate haiM ki AtmA kA paradravya (zarIra, pudgala aura Asrava Adi) ke sAtha koI bhI sambandha nahIM hai| isa prakAra hama kaha sakate haiM ki pahale adhikAra meM dUsaroM se ekatva aura mamatva aura dUsare adhikAra meM dUsaroM ke karttA aura bhoktA - ina do bAtoM kA niSedha kara bhedavijJAna spaSTa kiyA hai / ye donoM hI adhikAra bhedavijJAna ke lie samarpita adhikAra haiM / 4. puNyapApAdhikAra ( gAthA 145 se 163 taka ) isa adhikAra meM kahA hai ki zubha bhAva evaM zubhakarmoM ko puNya aura azubha bhAva evaM azubha karmoM ko pApa kahA jAtA hai| ye zubha-azubha, puNya aura pApa donoM hI karma haiM, karmabaMdha ke kAraNa haiM, AtmA ko bandhana meM DAlanevAle haiN| | azubha karma kuzIla (bure) haiM aura zubhakarma suzIla (acche) haiM- aisA saba jAnate haiM, parantu jo karma jIvoM ko saMsAra meM praveza karAte haiM, ve karma suzIla kaise ho sakate haiM ? jisa prakAra lohe kI ber3I puruSa ko bA~dhatI hai, usI prakAra sone kI ber3I bhI puruSa ko bA~dhatI hai / arthAt donoM ber3iyA~ bA~dhane kA kAma karatI haiM, donoM hI acchI nahIM haiN| usI prakAra zubha aura azubha karma (pApa aura puNya ) donoM hI jIva ko bA~dhate haiM, bandhana meM DAlane ke kAraNa ye puNya-pApa donoM hI karma samAna hI haiN| puNya-pApa ke antara ko samajhanA, yahI isa adhikAra kA mUla prayojana hai / 5. AstravAdhikAra ( gAthA 164 - 180 taka ) jina puNya-pApa kI carcA puNyapApAdhikAra meM kI thI, ve puNya-pApa ke vicAra hI Asrava haiN| samayasAra :: 235

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moha-rAga-dveSa aura puNya-pApa ke pariNAmoM (vicAroM) ko hI bhAvAtrava kahate haiN| ina pariNAmoM ke kAraNa jo pudgala karmoM kA Asrava hotA hai, ve dravyAsrava haiN| isa Asrava adhikAra meM samyagdRSTi jJAnI dharmAtmA ko nirAstrava (Asrava se rahita) siddha kiyA hai| kyoMki jo apanI AtmA ko jAnatA hai, vaha puNya-pApa, rAga-dveSa se bhI dUra ho jAtA hai, isalie vaha AsravoM se bhI dUra ho jAtA hai| isalie hameM AsravoM ko dUra haTAne kI koziza nahIM karanI caahie| hameM to basa apanI 'AtmA' ko jAnanA caahie| yadi hama AtmA ko jAneMge, to Asrava apane Apa haTa jaaeNge| jo AtmA ko nahIM jAnatA hai, jo mithyAdRSTi hai, usake pAsa hI sAre Asrava hote haiN| jisa prakAra kisI vyakti ko apaca ho yA peTa meM koI takalIpha ho, to usake dvArA khAyA huA anna bhI paca nahIM pAtA, use usase aura adhika takalIpha hotI hai| isI taraha jo jIva mithyAdRSTi hai, jisake pAsa rAga-dveSa-moha aura puNya-pApa Adi Asrava haiM, vahI aneka prakAra ke karma bA~dhatA hai| ____ ataH hameM AtmA ko jAnanA caahie| zuddha samyagdRSTi AtmA ko jAnatA hai, isalie use nirAsrava kahA gayA hai| 6. saMvarAdhikAra (gAthA 181 se 192 taka) saMvara adhikAra bhedavijJAna karanA sikhAtA hai| AsravoM kA nirodha karanA (rokanA) saMvara hai| saMvara se saMsAra kA nAza hotA hai aura mokSamArga kA Arambha hotA hai, ata: saMvara sAkSAt dharmasvarUpa hI hai| hamArI AtmA meM jJAnadhArA bhI hai aura rAgadhArA bhI hai| jJAnadhArA AtmA kI apanI hai| jJAnI jana yA samyagdRSTi jIva aneka karmodaya (zubha-azubha, acchAburA samaya) Ane para bhI apanI jJAnadhArA ko nahIM chor3ate haiN| jaise-sonA Aga meM tapane para bhI apane suvarNatva ko nahIM chor3atA hai| dUsarI tarapha rAgadhArA pudgala kI hai, karmoM kI hai, isalie ise pudgala jAnanA cAhie, parantu ajJAnI jana moha ke kAraNa AtmA ko, svabhAva ko nahIM jAnate haiM, aura rAga ko, pudgala ko hI AtmA mAnate haiN| jo AtmA ko zuddha jAnatA hai, usako zuddhAtmA kI prApti hotI hai aura jo AtmA ko azuddha mAnatA hai, use azuddha AtmA kI prApti hotI hai| 236 :: pramukha jaina granthoM kA paricaya

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yaha adhyAya bhedavijJAna kI bahuta acchI zikSA detA hai| Aja taka jitane bhI puruSa siddha hue haiM, ve saba bhedavijJAna se hI siddha hue haiM aura jo koI karmabandhanoM meM ba~dhe haiM, ve saba bhedavijJAna ko na jAnane ke kAraNa hI karmabandhanoM meM ba~dhe haiN| 7. nirjarAdhikAra (gAthA 193 se 236 taka) nirjarA arthAt karmoM kA jhar3anA, karmoM kA khira jAnA yA zubhAzubha karma naSTa honA hai| samyagdRSTi kisI bhI parapadArtha ko apanA nahIM mAnatA isalie usako hamezA nirjarA hotI hai| jisa prakAra koI vaidya yA DaoNkTara viSa bhI khA le to yogya auSadhi ke bala se usakI mRtyu nahIM hotI hai, usI prakAra jJAnI puruSa pudgalakarma ke kAraNa bhogoM ko bhogatA bhI hai, taba bhI una bhogoM meM ba~dhatA nahIM hai| jisa prakAra eka AdamI (jaise naukara) bahuta kAma karate hue bhI kucha kara nahIM pAtA arthAt vaha mAlika nahIM bana paataa| usI prakAra samyagdRSTi jIva saba kucha karate hue bhI kucha nahIM karatA hai, kyoMki usakI usameM ruci nahIM hotI hai| isalie vaha karmoM se ba~dhatA nahIM hai| samyagdRSTi jIva kisI bhI para-padArtha meM apanatva buddhi aura sukha buddhi nahIM rakhatA hai, isalie use hamezA nirjarA hotI hai| isake viparIta jo mithyAdRSTi haiM, ve parapadArtha (ghara, naukara, gAr3I aura makAna) meM apanatva buddhi rakhate haiM, unheM apanA mAnate haiM isalie unake karmoM kI nirjarA nahIM hotI hai arthAt unako zubha-azubha karmoM kA bandha hotA rahatA hai| samyagdRSTi sadA samyagdarzana ke ATha aMgoM (ni:zaMkA, nikAMkSA, nirvicikitsA, amUDhadRSTi, upagUhana, sthitIkaraNa, vAtsalya aura prabhAvanA) kA dhArI hotA hai arthAt vaha inako hamezA dhAraNa karatA hai| isalie vaha zuddha samyagdRSTi hotA hai| samyagdRSTi jJAnI dharmAtmA ko kArya karate hue evaM usakA phala bhogate hue bhI karmabandha nahIM hotA hai aura nirjarA hotI hai, kyoMki vaha AtmA ko jAna letA hai| usameM vidyamAna jJAna aura vairAgya ko dhAraNa kara letA hai| isa bAta ko hI vistAra se isa nirjarA adhikAra meM samajhAyA gayA hai| 8. baMdhAdhikAra (gAthA 237 se 287 taka) jisa prakAra dhUla bhare sthAna meM tela lagAkara koI vyakti vyAyAma kare aura kulhAr3I Adi ke dvArA kele Adi vRkSoM ko kATe to usake zarIra para jo dhUla cipaka jAtI hai, usakA kAraNa tela kI cikanAhaTa hI hai, dhUla aura zarIra kI samayasAra :: 237

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kriyAe~ nhiiN| usI prakAra hiMsAdi pApoM meM lage rahanevAle mithyAdRSTi jIva ko pApa bandha kA kAraNa rAga-dveSa Adi bhAva hote haiM, usakI ceSTAe~ yA karma nahIM hote haiN| jo yaha mAnatA hai ki maiM svayaM dUsare jIvoM ko sukhI - dukhI karatA hU~, vaha ajJAnI hai, mUrkha hai| jJAnI aisA nahIM maantaa| vaha mAnatA hai ki jIva karma ke udaya se sukha-dukhI hote haiN| hiMsA kI taraha hI jIva jhUTha, corI, kuzIla aura parigraha Adi pApa apaneapane karmodaya se hI karatA hai / koI kisI ko puNya-pApa nahIM karAtA hai / abhavya jIva, mithyAdRSTi yA ajJAnI jIva vrata aura tapa karatA hai, zraddhA se rahita hokara zAstra par3hatA hai, to use koI lAbha prApta nahIM hotA / use mokSa bhI prApta nahIM hotA / 9. mokSAdhikAra (gAthA 288 se 307 taka ) mokSAdhikAra meM sabhI zAstroM ke marma ko samajhAyA hai| jaise--koI vyakti bandhanoM (jela, piMjarA Adi ) meM jakar3A huA hai, yadi vaha bandhanoM se mukta hone kA sirpha soce to vaha bandhana - mukta nahIM ho sakatA, usake lie use prayAsa karanA par3egA, tabhI vaha bandhana - mukta hogaa| ThIka usI taraha vyakti karma-bandhanoM meM ba~dhA huA hai| yadi vaha karma - bandhanoM se mukta hone kA soce to vaha mukta nahIM ho sakatA, usake lie use jIva aura bandha donoM ko pahacAnakara jJAnarUpI chainI se donoM ko alaga-alaga karanA pdd'egaa| zuddha AtmA ko grahaNa karanA pdd'egaa| tabhI vaha jIva mukta hogA / jisa prakAra jisane kabhI koI aparAdha nahIM kiyA hai, vaha vyakti binA Dare ni:zaMka hokara ghUmatA rahatA hai, usI taraha jo vyakti AtmA ko jAna lete haiM, samajha lete hai, unheM karmabandhanoM kA koI Dara nahIM hotA hai| vaha binA Dare saMsAra meM rahate haiM / ataH mokSAdhikAra meM yahI sandeza dete haiM ki jo AtmA ko acchI taraha se jAna letA hai, vAstava meM vahI jJAna aura tapa Adi kriyAoM ko jAna letA hai / yahI mokSamArga hai| 10. sarvavizuddhajJAna adhikAra ( gAthA 308 se 415 taka ) jisa prakAra A~kha dUsare padArthoM ko mAtra dekhatI hI hai, isake alAvA anya koI kAma nahIM karatI / na karma karatI hai, na bhogatI hai / mAtra dekhatI rahatI hai / isI prakAra 1 238 :: pramukha jaina granthoM kA paricaya

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AtmA kA kAma jAnanA aura dekhanA hai| isalie hameM AtmA ko jAnanA, dekhanA aura samajhanA hogaa| AtmA ko samajhane ke lie hameM pahale jJAna ko samajhanA hogaa| jJAna puNya-pApa rUpa aneka karmoM ko, unake phala ko aura nirjarA-mokSa ko jAnatA hai| jJAna kucha karatA nahIM hai| ajJAnI AtmA ko karma karanevAlA mAnatA hai| jaise-duniyA samajhatI hai ki samasta pRthvI ko brahmA, viSNu aura maheza Adi devatA calA rahe haiN| parantu yaha mithyAtva hai| kyoMki jIva kucha nahIM karatA, jIva kA kriyA se koI sambandha nahIM hai| jaise hama kahate hai ki dIvAra harI ho gayI, para vAstava meM dIvAra to vahI hai, harA to raMga hai| sabako lagatA hai ki zAstra jJAna dete haiN| AcArya kahate haiM ki zAstra to acetana haiN| jJAna to AtmA meM se svayaM nikalatA hai| ___zAstra meM jJAna nahIM hai, kyoMki zAstra kucha jAnate nahIM haiM, isalie zAstra alaga haiM aura jJAna alaga hai| isI prakAra zabda, rUpa, gandha, rasa, sparza, karma, dharmadravya, adharmadravya, kAla aura AkAza meM bhI jJAna nahIM hai, kyoMki ye saba kucha jAnate nahIM haiM, ataH jJAna alaga hai aura ye saba alaga haiN| isa prakAra sabhI parapadArthoM se AtmA aura jJAna ko alaga-alaga karanA, yahI bhedavijJAna isa adhikAra meM samajhAyA hai| isalie apane AtmA ko AtmA kI ArAdhanA meM lgaao| samyagdarzanajJAna-cAritramaya mokSamArga meM lgaao| apane citta ko anyatra mata bhttkaao| isa prakAra mahAna grantha samayasAra meM navatattvoM ke mAdhyama se mukhya uddezya eka zuddha AtmA ko jAnane-samajhane kI bAta kahI hai| isako jAnane aura samajhane para hI nizcaya samyagdarzana-jJAna-cAritrarUpa mokSamArga prApta ho sakatA hai| ataH pratyeka vyakti ko mana lagAkara isa grantha kA svAdhyAya avazya karanA caahie| samayasAra :: 239

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pravacanasAra grantha ke nAma kA artha pravacana arthAt utkRSTa vcn| tIrthaMkaroM kI divyadhvani hI utkRSTa vacana hai| ata: pravacanasAra arthAt utkRSTa vacanoM kA sAra, divyadhvani kA saar| pravacanasAra meM divyadhvani kA sAra nihita hai| granthakAra kA paricaya pravacanasAra AcArya kundakunda kA atyanta ziromaNi grantha hai| samayasAra kI bhA~ti pravacanasAra bhI bahuta adhika prasiddha hai| AcArya kundakunda kA paricaya hama samayasAra grantha ke paricaya meM de cuke haiN| (dekheM pRSTha 229) grantha kA mahattva 1. 'pravacanasAra' eka dArzanika grantha hai| yaha prasiddha Agama-grantha hai| 2. isa grantha kI sabase bar3I vizeSatA yaha hai ki 'pravacanasAra' grantha meM kevalajJAna kA svarUpa bahuta sundara batAyA hai| kevalajJAna kyA hai, isakI mahimA kyA hai, ise kaise prApta kara sakate haiM-ina viSayoM kA itanA sundara varNana kisI bhI anya grantha meM upalabdha nahIM hai| 3. bhAratIya darzana ke granthoM meM pramANa aura prameya mImAMsA kA varNana alaga alaga granthoM meM kiyA hai| jabaki 'pravacanasAra' meM eka hI grantha meM pramANa aura prameya mImAMsA kA bahuta sundara varNana kiyA hai| 3. kevalajJAna, sarvajJatA ke svarUpa kA varNana apane Apa meM anupama hai, advitIya __hai| kRpayA pAThaka ise avazya pddh'eN| 4. vizvavidyAlaya ke pAThyakrama meM samayasAra se adhika pravacanasAra ne apanA 240 :: pramukha jaina granthoM kA paricaya

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sthAna banAyA hai| isa grantha ko bahuta adhika par3hAyA jAtA hai, kyoMki yaha eka dArzanika grantha hai / 5. videzoM meM bhI isa grantha ko loga bahuta pasanda karate haiM / isa viSaya para bahuta ruci ke sAtha adhyayana evaM vyAkhyAna kie jAte haiM / 6. isa grantha para aneka TIkAe~ likhI gayI haiM / 7. bhASA - zailI bahuta sarala hai| yaha prAkRta bhASA ( loka bhASA) meM likhA gayA grantha hai| isakI gAthAe~ saMgIta pradhAna haiN| grantha kA mukhya viSaya pravacanasAra grantha meM kula tIna adhyAya (adhikAra) haiM1. jJAnatattvaprajJApana adhikAra yA samyagjJAnAdhikAra 2. jJeyatattvaprajJApana adhikAra yA samyagdarzanAdhikAra 3. caraNAnuyoga-sUcaka- cUlikA yA samyakcAritrAdhikAra sabase pahale AcArya ne maMgalAcaraNa meM dharma tIrtha ke karttA vardhamAna svAmI ko namaskAra kiyA hai, kyoMki ve zAsana- nAyaka haiN| isake bAda anya 23 tIrthaMkaroM ko namaskAra kiyA hai| unake bAda AcAryoM, upAdhyAyoM, gaNadharoM, sAdhuoM aura paMcaparameSThiyoM ko namaskAra kiyA hai| prArambha kI 5 gAthAoM meM maMgalAcaraNa kiyA gayA hai| 1. jJAnatattvaprajJApana yA samyagjJAnAdhikAra ( gAthA 1-92 taka ) isa adhikAra ko cAra avAntara adhikAroM (upaadhikAroM) meM vibhAjita kiyA gayA hai, jo isa prakAra haiM 1. zuddhopayogAdhikAra 2. jJAnAdhikAra 3. sukhA 4. zubhapariNAmAdhikAra grantha ke Arambha meM sabase pahale cAritra ko dharma kahA hai / ' cArittaM khalu dhammo ' nizcaya se cAritra hI dharma hai aura yaha cAritraM sAmyabhAva (samatAbhAva) kA nAma hai| arthAt moha-rAga dveSa rahita AtmA ke pariNAma ko sAmyabhAva kahate haiM / cAritra mAtra bAhya kriyA kA nAma nahIM hai, AtmA ke zuddha bhAva aura zuddha pariNAma kA nAma cAritra hai / vAstava meM zuddhopayoga kA nAma hI dharma hai| usI se nirvANa sukha kI prApti hotI hai| zubhopayoga se sukha prApta hotA hai, mokSa nahIM / zubhopayoga saMsAra kA pravacanasAra :: 241

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kAraNa hai| isase kevala svarga kI prApti hotI hai| mokSa kI prApti to zuddhopayoga se hI hotI hai| jJAna ke sAtha-sAtha Ananda aura sukha-ina donoM ko jor3A gayA hai| ye donoM AtmA ke mukhya guNa haiM / isalie ina donoM ko jor3akara hI AtmA kI bAta kI gayI hai| jJAna indriyajJAna atIndriyajJAna indriyasukha sukha atIndriyasukha dukha sukha indriyajJAna aura indriya sukha - ye donoM dukha haiM, kyoMki ye AtmA ke svabhAva nahIM haiN| vAstava meM ye sukha nahIM apitu dukha denevAle haiN| atIndriya jJAna aura atIndriya sukha ye vAstava meM sukha haiN| jJAna kA sukha ke sAtha paraspara abhinna bhAva sambandha hai| jJAna vahI hai, jo sukhada ho / AcArya zubhopayoga (indriya sukha, indriya jJAna) aura zuddhopayoga (atIndriya sukha, atIndriya jJAna) kA antara spaSTa karate hue kahate haiM ki vAstava meM zuddhopoga hI ekamAtra sukha denevAlA hai| anya koI nahIM / udAharaNa 1. zubhopayoga ke kAraNa svarga kI prApti hotI hai / svarga meM devoM ke pAsa viSayabhoga kI sAmagrI adhika hotI hai, devagaNa lambe samaya taka viSayabhogoM meM ramaNa karate rahate haiM, jisase yaha siddha hotA hai ki ve dukhI haiN| yadi dukhI na hote to viSayabhogoM kI icchA nahIM karate / indriya sukhoM kI icchA karanA hI dukha kA kAraNa 1 zuddhopayoga kA sukha hI saccA sukha hai| sukha use kahate haiM jo svAdhIna ho, svatantra ho, anupama ho aura ananta ho / zuddhopayoga se utpanna sukha hI vAstava meM sukha hai, kyoMki vaha svAdhIna hai, svatantra hai, anupama hai aura ananta hai| 2. zubhopayoga ke dvArA AtmA mokSa prApta nahIM kara sakatA / atIndriya sukha aura atIndriya jJAna ko prApta nahIM kara sakatA hai| zuddhopayoga ke hI dvArA AtmA mokSa prApta kara sakatA hai| atIndriyajJAna aura atIndriya sukha ko prApta kara sakatA hai / kevalajJAna ko prApta kara sakatA hai| 242 :: pramukha jaina granthoM kA paricaya

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jisako atIndriya jJAna, kevalajJAna, anantajJAna aura atIndriya sukha prApta ho jAtA hai, usako sAMsArika aura zArIrika sukha-dukha nahIM hote haiN| vaha to kevalajJAna ko prApta kara uttama sukha ko prApta kara letA hai| jaba AtmA svayaM zuddha rUpa meM parivartita ho jAtA hai, svayaM jJAnavAna ho jAtA hai, vahI saccA jJAna hai, vahI saccA sukha hai| kevalajJAna kA svarUpa kevalajJAna matalaba zuddha jJAna / kevalajJAna zuddhopayoga se hI pragaTa hotA hai| arahantoM kA jo jJAna hotA hai, vaha kevalajJAna hotA hai| kevalajJAna hI atIndriyajJAna, kSAyikajJAna aura atIndriyasukha hai| ye saba nAma paryAyavAcI zabda haiN| 1. pravacanasAra grantha kA sabase bar3A yogadAna yaha hai ki isameM kevalajJAna kA svarUpa bahuta acche se batAyA hai| itanA sundara svarUpa anyatra dikhAI nahIM detA hai| 2. kevalajJAna hI sabase bar3A pramANa hai| 3. tIna loka, tIna kAla ke sabhI dravya, guNa aura sabhI paryAyoM ko eka sAtha eka hI samaya meM pratyakSa jAna lenA hI kevalajJAna hai| samasta vizva ke padArtha kevalajJAna meM pratyakSa yugapata pratibimbita hote haiN| arthAt kevalajJAnI ko samasta vizva darpaNa ke samAna eka sAtha dikhAI detA hai| jaise-darpaNa meM hamArI AkRti jaisI hai, vaisI hI dikhAI detI hai, vaise hI kevalajJAnI ko vizva ke samasta padArtha eka sAtha dikhAI dete haiN| 4. kevalajJAnI samasta vizva ke padArthoM ko indriyoM se nahIM jAnate, krama se bhI nahIM jaante| apitu jaisA hai vaisA hI spaSTa eka sAtha jAnate haiN| 5. kevalajJAna samasta jJAna ko binA parivartana ke jAna letA hai| bhUta aura bhaviSya kI sabhI paryAyoM ko kevalajJAna vartamAna ke samAna sApha-sApha jAnatA hai| yadi kevalajJAna bhUta aura bhaviSya ko vartamAna meM nahIM jAne to kevalajJAna ko divyajJAna kaise kaheMge? arthAt tInakAla kI paryAyoM ko binA krama se spaSTa jAnane ke kAraNa hI kevalajJAna 'divyajJAna' kahalAtA hai| jJAna padArthoM ko A~khoM kI taraha jAnatA hai| jaise-hamArI A~kheM padArthoM ko mAtra dekhatI haiM, unake pAsa nahIM jAtI haiM, padArthoM ko bulAtI bhI nahIM hai, unameM koI parivartana bhI nahIM karatI haiM, jaise padArtha haiM, unheM vaisA hI jAnatI-dekhatI haiN| A~kheM padArthoM ko binA chue grahaNa karatI haiN| usI prakAra jJAna bAhara se nahIM AtA, AtmA meM hI rahatA hai| jJAna AtmA kA svabhAva hai| jJAna padArthoM meM na praveza karatA hai, na pravacanasAra :: 243

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bulAtA hai, na koI parivartana karatA hai| arahanta bhagavAna jJAna se hI saba jAnate haiN| isake alAvA unakA uThanA, baiThanA, calanA saba sahaja hotA hai| ve kucha karate nahIM haiN| saba apane Apa hotA hai| ve to kevala saba jAnate haiN| trikAla ke sabhI padArthoM ko jo eka sAtha jAnatA hai, vaha jJAna kevalajJAna hai| kevalajJAna meM eka sAtha saikar3oM loka bhI A jAe to bhI vaha sabako eka sAtha darpaNa ke samAna jAna lete haiN| kevalajJAna lokAloka meM vyApta hai, lekina vaha kisI ko iSTa aura aniSTa nahIM smjhtaa| kevalajJAna kA svarUpa bhavya jIvoM ko hI samajha AtA hai| jo jIva kevalajJAna para zraddhA karate haiM, vahI jIva bhavya hai, jo zraddhA nahIM karate vaha abhavya haiN| isa adhikAra ke anta meM kahA gayA hai ki pApabhAva ke kAraNa jo samasyAe~, pratikUlatAe~ AtI haiM, ve to dukha hI haiM, lekina puNya bhAva (zubha pariNAmoM) se hameM jo laukika sukha, anukUlatA aura bhoga sAmagrI milatI hai, usakA upayoga karanA bhI dukha hI hai| deva-zAstra-guru kI pUjA, dAna aura tapa karane se zubha pariNAma hote haiM, isameM svarga kI prApti hotI hai| zubhopayoga se manuSyagati aura deva gati milatI hai, parantu ina gatiyoM ke jo sukha hai, vaha vAstava meM dukha hI hai| tRSNA ke kAraNa viSaya dukha dete haiN| indriyoM kA sukha 5 kAraNoM se dukha hai (i) indriya sukha dUsaroM ke AdhIna (parAdhIna) hai| (ii) indriya sukha naSTa ho sakatA hai| (iii) indriya sukha viSama hai| eka jaisA nahIM rahatA hai, badalatA rahatA hai| (iv) usameM bAdhAe~ AtI haiN| (vi) vaha bandha kA kAraNa hai| arahanta bhagavAna kI sirpha pUjA karane se kAma nahIM calegA, unako dravya, guNa, paryAya se jAnanA hogaa| jo jIva arahanta bhagavAna ko unake guNoM se jAnatA hai, usakA hI moha naSTa hotA hai| moha naSTa karane ke lie pramukha do hI upAya haiM(1) arahanta bhagavAna ko dravya, guNa, paryAya se ThIka-ThIka jaannaa| (2) zAstroM kA adhyayana, cintana aura manana gaharAI se krnaa| 244 :: pramukha jaina granthoM kA paricaya

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ataH apanI AtmA ko zuddhopayogI bnaao| arahanta bhagavAna ko jAno aura apanI AtmA kA anubhava kro| 2. jJeyatattvaprajJApana yA samyagdarzanAdhikAra (gAthA 93-200) isa mahAdhikAra meM tIna avAntara adhikAra haiM-1. dravyasAmAnyAdhikAra, 2. dravyavizeSAdhikAra, 3. jJAna-jJeya vibhaagaadhikaar| yaha dUsarA adhikAra dravyamImAMsA hai, jagata mImAMsA hai| arthAt isa adhyAya meM dravya ke sAmAnya aura vizeSa guNa aura svarUpa batAe haiN| jJeya tattva kA svarUpa batAte hue kahate haiM-jJeya arthAt pUrA jagata / jainadarzana ke anusAra yaha vizva anantAnanta dravyoM ke samUha kA hI dUsarA nAma hai, ata: isa vizva ko jAnane ke lie dravya kA svarUpa jAnanA atyanta Avazyaka hai| dravya kA lakSaNa : 'sat dravyalakSaNam' arthAt sat hI dravya kA lakSaNa hai| jo sat hai vahI dravya hai| sat kyA hai? jo utpAda-vyaya-dhrauvya se yukta ho vahI sat hai| isa vizva meM jitane bhI cetanAcetana padArtha haiM, ve sabhI utpAda-vyaya-dhrauvya se yukta haiM, ata: dravya haiN| utpAda : padArtha meM navIna avasthA kA AnA, jaise-dahI kA bnnaa| vyaya : pUrNa avasthA kA tyAga, jaise-dUdha kA dahI bnnaa| dhrauvya : vastu ke svabhAva kI sthiratA, jaise-gorasa utpAda ke binA vyaya nahIM hotA, vyaya ke binA utpAda nahIM hotaa| tInoM eka samaya meM eka sAtha hote haiN| eka hI samaya meM tInoM eka sAtha pAe jAte haiN| jaisesonA dhrauvya hai aura sone se aMgUThI kA utpAda huA aura aMgUThI se vyaya hokara kuNDala bnaa| isa vizva meM dravya (mUla dravya) jitane haiM, utane hI haiM, na kabhI eka nayA dravya utpanna hotA hai aura na hI kabhI koI purAnA naSTa hotA hai| sabhI dravya sanAtana haiM, zAzvata haiM, anAdikAla se haiM aura anantakAla taka rheNge| sabhI dravya sadA parivartana karate rahate haiM, koI bhI dravya kisI bhI samaya binA parivartana ke nahIM rahatA hai, parivartana usakA svabhAva hI hai, parantu yaha parivartana pratyeka dravya sadaiva apanI sImA meM hI karate haiM, koI bhI dravya apanA mUla svabhAva kabhI nahIM chodd'taa| jaise-bAlaka meM bhI parivartana hotA hai aura bAlikA meM bhii| ye donoM apane-apane svabhAva meM parivartana karate haiM, apane ko chor3akara dUsaroM ke pAsa pravacanasAra :: 245

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nahIM jaate| bAlaka, bAlikA nahIM bntaa| bAlikA, bAlaka nahIM bntii| parantu parivartana nirantara calatA rahatA hai| usI prakAra eka dravya dUsare dravya meM praveza nahIM karatA-jIva, jIva hI rahatA hai, ajIva, ajIva hI rahatA hai| dravya jIva ajIva pudgala dharma -adharma AkAza kAla aNu skandha nizcaya kAla vyavahAra kAla lokAkAza alokAkAza pratyeka dravya apanA-apanA kAma karane ke lie svatantra hai| paripUrNa hai| sabhI dravya apane-apane svAmI haiN| dUsare dravyoM ke sAtha kevala nimitta-naimittika sambandha ho sakatA hai| kartA-karma kA sambandha mAnanA galata hai| __ AcArya kundakunda kahate haiM ki ye sabhI dravya paraspara praveza karate haiM, ekadUsare ko jagaha dete haiM, bAra-bAra milate bhI haiM, parantu kabhI bhI apane svabhAva ko nahIM chor3ate haiN|' yaha adhikAra adhyAtma kA adhikAra hai| isameM bhedajJAna kI zikSA milatI hai| isameM jJAnatattva aura jJeyatattva kA nirUpaNa isa prakAra kiyA gayA hai jisase bhedavijJAna kI utpatti ho| deha kyA hai, AtmA kyA hai, ina donoM kA sambandha kaba se hai, kaise hai? Adi bAtoM ko vistAra se samajhAte hue anta meM kahate haiM ki jJAnI to aisA vicAratA hai ki___'na maiM deha hU~, na mana hU~ aura na vANI hU~; maiM inakA kAraNa bhI nahIM hU~, kartA bhI nahIM hU~ aura karAnevAlA bhI nahIM huuN| zarIra, mana aura vANI pudgala dravya haiN| ye pudgaladravya paramANuoM ke piNDa haiN| ataH maiM deha (zarIra) nahIM hU~ tathA deha kA kartA bhI nahIM huuN| __ AcArya kundakunda ke sabhI granthoM meM pAI jAnevAlI sabase mahattvapUrNa gAthA bhI isa adhikAra meM haiM, jisameM kahA gayA hai-AtmA (jIva) meM na rasa hai, na rUpa hai, na gandha hai, na sparza hai aura na zabda hai, ata: yaha AtmA indriyoM ke dvArA grahaNa 246 :: pramukha jaina granthoM kA paricaya

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karane yogya nahIM hai| rUpa, rasa, gandha, sparza aura zabda pudgala dravya meM pAe jAnevAle guNa-paryAya haiM aura jIva unase bhinna haiM; ataH ye jIva meM honA sambhava nahIM hai| AtmA bhinna hai, pudgala bhinna hai| AtmA ko rAga-dveSa-moha-mAyA se mukta karake zuddhopayogI banAnA hai| 3. caraNAnuyogasUcakacUlikA yA samyakcAritra adhikAra (gAthA 200 se 275 taka) isa adhikAra meM cUlikA zabda AyA hai| cUlikA zabda kA artha hai-'vizeSa kA vyAkhyAna' yA ukta-anukta artha kA saMkSipta vyaakhyaan| cAritra ke dhanI AcArya kundakunda samyagdarzana-samyagjJAna samajhAne ke bAda apane ziSyoM ko cAritra dhAraNa karane kI preraNA dene ke lie isa adhikAra kI racanA karate haiN| isa adhikAra ke prArambha meM hI maMgalAcaraNa meM ve kahate haiM ki yadi dukhoM se mukta honA cAhate ho to siddhoM ko namaskAra kara zIghra hI zramaNapanA (munidharma) dhAraNa kara lo| isa caraNAnuyoga sUcaka cUlikA meM cAra adhikAra haiM(1) AcaraNa adhikAra (2) mokSamArga adhikAra (3) zubhopayoga adhikAra (4) paMcaratna adhikAra ina adhikAroM meM AcArya kahate haiM ki muni bano, para sacce muni bno| jIvana meM bilakula mata bhaTako / muni banane kA jo mukhya uddezya hai, use smjho| nagna digambara muni bane binA koI mokSa nahIM jA sktaa| digambara muni vahI hai, jo vidhipUrvaka gharavAloM se AjJA lekara yathAjAta (jaisA janma huA thA, vaisA hI pUrNa nagna digambara) hokara sabhI parigraha ko tyAgakara muni banatA hai| AcArya bAra-bAra eka hI bAta samajhAte hue kahate haiM ki jisake pAsa parigraha hai, vaha muni nahIM hai| jisake pAsa tRNa mAtra bhI parigraha hai, vastra aura pAtra haiM, vaha muni nahIM hai| jaise-cAvala ke Upara jo chilakA (dhAna) hotA hai, jaba taka vaha chilakA nahIM nikalegA, taba taka vaha cAvala kI camaka, ujjvalatA nahIM dikhAI degii| cAvala kI camaka aura ujjvalatA dekhane ke lie dhAna ko haTAnA hI hogaa| usI taraha AtmA ko jAnane ke lie vastra aura pAtra Adi parigraha chor3ane hI hoMge kyoMki inameM rAga-dveSa rahane se pApabandha hotA hai| muni ke pAsa sirpha pIchI, kamaNDala aura zAstra honA caahie| zAstra bhI pravacanasAra :: 247

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mAtra svAdhyAya ke lie honA caahie| muni ko zarIra se kiMcit bhI rAga nahIM honA caahie| muni ko nirantara guNoM kA pAlana karate hue tapoM meM lagA rahanA caahie| yadi tuma muni bane ho to vizuddha Atma kalyANa kro| vizuddha bhAvanA dhAraNa karo, yadi mana haTa jAe to phira vizuddha bhAva dhAraNa karane kI koziza kro| jo zubhopayoga meM laga jAte haiM, ve muni nahIM haiM, mAtra muniyoM jaise haiN| unheM caturgati meM bhramaNa karanA par3atA hai| ataH zuddhopayogI bno| AcArya ne strI-mukti kA bhI niSedha kiyA hai, kyoMki striyA~ svabhAva se caMcala hotI haiM, unake mana meM moha-rAga-dveSa jyAdA hote haiN| zArIrika evaM mAnasika akSamatA ke kAraNa aura savastra hone ke kAraNa strI kI mukti sambhava nahIM hai| ekAgratA ke binA muni nahIM hotA aura ekAgratA use hotI hai jisane Agama ke abhyAsa dvArA padArthoM ko jAnA hai| ataH Agama kA abhyAsa hI muni kA sarvaprathama kartavya hai| sAdhu ko AgamacakSu' kahA gayA hai| Agama hI sAdhu ke netra haiN| sabhI loga A~khoM se dekhate haiM, para sAdhu Agama kI A~khoM se dekhatA hai| AgamarUpI cakSu ke upayoga binA sva-para-bhedavijJAna sambhava nahIM hai| Agama se hI dravya, guNa aura paryAya jAne jAte haiM / Agama se hI puruSa saMyamI hote haiM, ataH Agama kA jJAna karanA Avazyaka hai| Agama kI mahimA batAte hue AcArya kahate haiM ki jo karma ajJAnIjana karor3oM varSa taka tapa karake naSTa karate haiM vaha karma jJAnI jana mana-vacana-kAya kI caMcalatA rokakara eka kSaNa meM hI naSTa kara sakate haiN| isa adhikAra meM AgamajJAna kI adbhuta mahimA batAI hai, parantu AtmajJAnazUnya AgamajJAna ko nirarthaka bhI batAyA hai| jisa vyakti ko zarIra ke prati thor3A bhI moha hai, vaha sarvAgama kA dhArI ho to bhI siddhi ko prApta nahIM hotaa| AtmajJAna aura AgamajJAna donoM kA honA paramAvazyaka hai| saccA zramaNa vahI hai jisake lie zatru aura mitra samAna ho, sukha aura dukha samAna ho, prazaMsA aura nindA samAna ho, miTTI aura sonA samAna ho aura jIvanamaraNa bhI samAna ho| zubhopayoga adhikAra ke anta meM batAyA hai ki bhAvaliMgI munirAjoM ko kisa prakAra kA zubhapariNAma sambhava hai aura kisa prakAra kA zubha pariNAma sambhava nahIM hai| munidharma kA saccA svarUpa samajhane ke lie isa adhyAya kA adhyayana bahuta gaharAI se karanA caahie| vAstavika dharma to zuddhopayoga rUpa munidharma hI hai| AcArya kundakunda 248 :: pramukha jaina granthoM kA paricaya

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zramaNoM ke lie laukika janoM ke samparka meM nahIM rahane kA upadeza dete haiM ki jo jinasUtroM ke marma ko jAnatA hai, jisakI kaSAyeM naSTa ho gayI haiM, jo tapa meM bhI zreSTha hai, vaha yadi laukika janoM ke saMsarga ko nahIM chor3atA hai to vaha saMyamI nahIM hai| grantha kI antima pA~ca gAthAe~ paMcaratna ke nAma se prasiddha haiN| inameM munirAjoM ko hI mokSatattva aura mokSa kA sAdhana tattva kahA hai| jo munirAja vastu svarUpa ke yathArtha jJAtA haiM aura AtmAnubhavI haiM, ve zuddhopayogI muni hI mokSatattva haiM, ve hI mokSa ke sAdhana haiN| anta meM AcArya kahate haiM ki 'jo vyakti isa pravacanasAra grantha kA bhalIbhA~ti adhyayana karegA, vaha pravacana ke sAra zuddhAtmA ko avazya prApta kregaa|' isa prakAra pravacanasAra grantha bahuta hI advitIya hai| yaha mAtra vidvAnoM ke adhyayana kI vastu nahIM hai, apitu isakA gaharAI se adhyayana karanA pratyeka AtmArthI kA prAthamika kartavya hai| pravacanasAra :: 249

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niyamasAra grantha ke nAma kA artha niyamasAra kA artha hai-niyama se karane yogya kArya arthAt smygdrshn-jnyaancaaritr| 'niyama' kA artha yahA~ 'darzana-jJAna-cAritra' liyA hai| 'sAra' arthAt samyak, shii| isa prakAra niyamasAra' kA artha huA smygdrshn-jnyaan-caaritr'| granthakAra kA paricaya AcArya kundakunda ke dvArA racita mahattvapUrNa granthoM meM se eka grantha 'niyamasAra' bhI hai| AcArya kundakunda kA paricaya hama pUrva meM de cuke haiN| (dekheM pRSTha 229) grantha kA mahattva 1. isa grantha kI sabase bar3I vizeSatA yaha hai ki yaha grantha kisI anya ke lie ___ nahIM likhA gayA hai, apitu ise AcArya kundakunda ne svayaM apane lie likhA hai| 2. isa grantha meM jahA~ eka ora parama vItarAgI santa kI pAvana bhAvanA kA pravAha hai, vahIM dUsarI ora puruSArtha kA prabala vega bhI hai| yaha eka anupama bejor3a kRti hai| 3. yaha grantha vItarAgI santa AcArya kundakunda kI mahAna AdhyAtmika kRti hai| isameM kundakunda kA antaraMga vyakta huA hai| niyamasAra grantha AcArya kundakunda kA hRdaya hai| 4. isa grantha ke TIkAkAra zrI padmaprabhumalUdhArideva' ise 'bhagavatazAstra' kahate haiM tathA isake adhyayana kA phala zAzvata sukha kI prApti hai-aisA kahate haiN| 5. yaha niyamasAra grantha samasta Agama ke arthasamUha kA pratipAdana karane meM 250 :: pramukha jaina granthoM kA paricaya

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samartha hai arthAt samasta Agama kA jJAna dene meM samartha hai| 6. isa mahanIya grantha meM paMcAstikAya, SaDdravya, sAtatattva, nau padArtha ke viSaya vivecana ke sAtha-sAtha darzanAcAra, jJAnAcAra, cAritrAcAra, tapAcAra aura vIryAcAra-ina pA~ca AcAroM kA vistRta vivecana hai| 7. yaha pUrNa AdhyAtmika grantha hai| grantha ke adhikAroM ke nAma se hI isa grantha kA AdhyAtmika viSaya jhalaka rahA hai| jaise-nizcaya pratikramaNa, nizcaya pratyAkhyAna, nizcaya prAyazcitta, parama AlocanA, parama-bhakti aura paramasamAdhi Adi / prAyaH kisI bhI grantha meM isa prakAra ke adhikAra nahIM milate haiN| adhikAroM ke nAma dekhakara hI bhavya jIva eka bAra isakA svAdhyAya karane ke lie avazya puruSArtha kreNge| 8. jisa prakAra koI mahAparAkramI puruSa vana meM jAkara siMhanI kA dUdha duha lAtA hai, usI prakAra AtmaparAkramI AcArya kundakunda ne vana meM rahakara siddha bhagavantoM se bAteM kI haiM aura ananta siddha bhagavanta kisa prakAra siddhi ko prApta hue haiM, unakA itihAsa isa grantha meM bhara diyA hai| 9. vAstava meM paramArtha satya kA pratipAdaka yaha grantha niyamasAra paramAgama hI hai| grantha kA mukhya viSaya niyamasAra grantha zaurasenI prAkRta bhASA kA uccakoTi kA mahAna grantha hai| isameM 12 adhyAya haiM aura 187 gAthAe~ haiN| AdhyAtmika dRSTi se yaha grantha bahuta mahattvapUrNa hai| cU~ki grantha kA mUla viSaya samyagdarzana, samyagjJAna aura samyakcAritra hai aura ina viSayoM kA varNana pUrva meM vistAra se kara cuke haiM, ataH yahA~ saMkSepa meM grantha-paricaya diyA jA rahA hai| 1. jIva adhikAra (gAthA 1-19 taka) sabase pahale maMgalAcaraNa meM ananta catuSTaya sahita bhagavAna mahAvIra ko namaskAra kiyA gayA hai| usake bAda kevalI tathA zrutakevaliyoM ne jo niyamasAra kahA hai, AcArya use kahane kI pratijJA karate haiN| AcArya ne isa adhikAra meM mokSamArga aura mokSamArga kA phala batAyA hai| usake bAda jIva kI svabhAva paryAya, vibhAva paryAya, jIva kI cAra gatiyA~, jIva ke kartRtva-bhoktRtva ke prakAra kA kathana kiyA hai| saMsArI jIva kA varNana karate hue jIva ke zuddha rUpa-mukta jIva kA kathana kiyA hai| niyamasAra :: 251

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ratnatraya kA bheda, kAraNa tathA lakSaNa sambandhI kathana, aThAraha doSoM kA svarUpa aura tIrthaMkara paramadeva kA svarUpa Adi batAyA hai| chaha dravya, paMcAstikAya, sAta tattva aura nau padArtha kA bhI varNana hai| niyamasAra grantha ke viSaya-vibhAjana aura usake bAraha adhikAroM , ke nAma kA sarala cArTa (nakzA) niyamasAra mokSamArga yA niyama mArgaphala yA niyamaphala samyagdarzana samyagjJAna samyakcAritra 1. jIva adhikAra 2. ajIva adhikAra 3. zuddhabhAva adhikAra ___4. vyavahAra cAritra adhikAra nizcaya cAritra adhikAra 5. paramArtha- pratikramaNa adhikAra 6. nizcaya pratyAkhyAna adhikAra 7. parama AlocanA adhikAra 8. zuddhanizcaya prAyazcitta adhikAra 9. parama-samAdhi adhikAra 10. parama-bhakti adhikAra 11. nizcaya paramAvazyaka adhikAra 12. zuddhopayoga adhikAra 2. ajIva adhikAra (gAthA 20-37 taka) isa adhikAra meM pudgala ke bhedoM kA varNana hai| yahA~ pudgala ke donoM bhedoM kA aura unake upabhedoM kA varNana saralatA se samajhAyA hai| paramANu : kArya aura kAraNa paramANu ko samajhAte hue kahate haiM ki jisa paramANu se milakara yaha skandha banA hai vaha kAraNa paramANu hai, lekina skandha ko tor3a-tor3akara jo sabase choTA paramANu raha jAtA hai vaha kArya paramANu hai| skandha meM se jo paramANu banAyA vaha kArya paramANu hai aura paramANu se jo skandha banA vaha kAraNa paramANu hai| skandha : skandha chaha prakAra ke haiM(1) pRthvI, lakar3I aura pASANa Adi jo skandha tor3e jAne para svayameva 252 :: pramukha jaina granthoM kA paricaya

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nahIM jur3a sakate ve skandha atisthUla-sthUla haiN| (2) dUdha, jala Adi jo TUTakara phira mila jAte haiM, ve skandha sthUla haiM / (3) dhUpa, chAyA aura cA~danI jo dikhAI to dete haiM, para hAtha se pakar3ane meM nahIM aate| ve skandha sthUla sUkSma hai| (4) netra ko chor3akara jo zeSa cAra indriyoM se grahaNa kie jAte haiM, ve skandha sUkSma-sthUla haiM / jaise - rasa, gandha Adi / (5) jo karma vargaNA hameM milI huI haiM, para kathamapi dikhAI nahIM detI, vaha sUkSma-skandha haiM / (6) jisakA dUsarA bhAga nahIM hotA, jo TUTate nahIM haiM, ve paramANu sUkSmasUkSma haiN| 1 pudgala ke varNana ke bAda dharma, adharma, AkAza aura kAla kA varNana kiyA hai| 3. zuddhabhAva adhikAra ( gAthA 38 se 55 taka ) vAstava meM zuddha bhAvavAlA hai / koI bhI azuddha bhAva vAstava meM jIva meM nahIM pAe jAte haiN| Asrava, bandha, saMvara, nirjarA aura mokSa - ye saba parAdhIna aura parasApekSa bhAva haiM, isalie azuddha bhAva haiM / zuddha bhAva to pAriNAmika bhAva hai, niSkriya bhAva hai, yahI zuddhabhAva hai / isa adhyAya meM zuddhabhAva kA varNana hai| zuddhabhAva kA matalaba yahA~ kSAyikabhAva nahIM, pAriNAmika bhAva hai / isa viSaya kA vistAra se varNana isa adhyAya meM milatA hai| 4. vyavahAracAritra adhikAra ( gAthA 56-76 ) isa adhikAra meM pA~ca aNuvrata, SaT Avazyaka, tIna gupti aura paMca parameSThiyoM ke svarUpa kA varNana hai / jise hama pUrva meM vistAra se likha cuke haiM / (dekheM pRSTha 27, 28, 130, 131, 167) 5. paramArtha - pratikramaNa adhikAra ( gAthA 77-94 ) bhUtakAla ke doSoM ko dUra karane ke lie jo prAyazcitta kiyA jAtA hai vaha pratikramaNa hai / isa adhikAra meM nizcaya pratikramaNa kI bAta kahI hai| paramArtha pratikramaNa kI bAta hai| jo jIva apane AtmA kI ArAdhanA karatA hai, vahI pratikramaNa hai / vahI AtmA bandhanamukta hai / arthAt saccA jo zuddha AtmA kA sevana karatA hai vahI vAstava meM paramArtha - pratikramaNa karatA hai| dhyAna meM lIna sAdhu saba niyamasAra :: 253

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doSoM kA parityAga karate haiM, isalie dhyAna hI vAstava meM sabhI aticAroM kA pratikramaNa hai| isake bAda isa adhyAya meM dhyAna ke bheda kA varNana kiyA hai / anta meM kahA hai ki zuddha samyagdRSTi arthAt samyagdarzana - jJAna - cAritra ko sampUrNa svIkAra karanevAle jIva ko hI nizcaya ( paramArtha) pratikramaNa hotA hai| pratikramaNa : bhUtakAla ke doSoM kI zuddhi karanA / pratyAkhyAna : bhaviSyakAla ke doSoM kI zuddhi karanA / AlocanA : vartamAna kAla ke doSoM kI zuddhi karanA / 6. nizcaya pratyAkhyAna adhikAra (gAthA 95 -106 ) pratyAkhyAna arthAt bhaviSyakAla ke doSoM kI zuddhi karanA / vyavahAra pratyAkhyAna meM kAla/ samaya kI maryAdA lekara anna, pAna, khAdya aura cAroM prakAra ke anna kA yathAsambhava tyAga karate haiN| zuddhajJAna kI bhAvanA ke lie nizcaya pratyAkhyAna meM samasta zubhAzubha karmoM kA tyAga kiyA jAtA hai| mere atirikta sabhI padArtha para haiM, aisA jAnakara tyAga karanA pratyAkhyAna hai / arthAt apane jJAna meM tyAgarUpa avasthA hI pratyAkhyAna hai / isa adhyAya meM apane vibhAva arthAt krodha, mAna, mAyA aura lobha Adi kaSAyoM aura rAga-dveSa kA tyAga karane ko pratyAkhyAna kahA hai| mAtra bAhara se hI nahIM apitu Antarika evaM AdhyAtmika tyAga kA hI nAma nizcaya pratyAkhyAna hai| 7. parama AlocanA adhikAra ( gAthA 107-113 ) nokarma aura dravya karma se rahita AtmA ko jo dhyAtA hai, usa jIva ko zuddha AlocanA hotI hai| ise nizcaya AlocanA bhI kahate haiM / 1. AlocanA cAra prakAra kI hotI hai| cAroM hI eka AtmA kA rUpa hai| AlocanA : jo jIva samatA bhAva ke pariNAma rakhakara apanI AtmA ko dekhatA hai (jAnatA hai) vaha AlocanA hai| AluMchana : karmarUpI vRkSa kA mUla chedane meM samartha - AtmA kA jo samatA bhAva hai, vahI AluMchana hai arthAt samasta karmoM ko samatA bhAva se naSTa karanA aura Atmatattva ko prApta karanA AluMchana hai / avikRtikaraNa : jo madhyastha bhAvanA meM karma se bhinna AtmA kA nivAsa hai usI kA nAma avikRtikaraNa hai arthAt AtmA ko karma se 254 :: pramukha jaina granthoM kA paricaya 2. 3.

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bhinna jAnanA avikRtikaraNa hai| 4. bhAvazuddhi: krodha, mAna, mAyA aura lobha se rahita bhAva hI bhAvazuddhi hai| 8. zuddha nizcaya prAyazcitta adhikAra (gAthA 113-121) isa adhikAra meM AtmadhyAna ko hI zuddhanizcaya prAyazcitta kahA gayA hai| aneka karmoM ke kSaya kA hetu aura muniyoM dvArA kiyA gayA tapazcaraNa hI prAyazcitta hai| dhyAna sarvotkRSTa tapa hai, dhyAna ko hI zuddhanizcaya prAyazcitta kahA gayA hai / isake bAda Age kahate haiM kSamA dhAraNa karane se krodha kA prAyazcitta hotA hai| mArdava dhAraNa karane se mAna kA prAyazcitta hotA hai / Arjava dhAraNa karane se mAyA kA prAyazcitta hotA hai / saMtoSa dhAraNa karane se lobha kA prAyazcitta hotA hai| isa prakAra cAroM kaSAyoM para vijaya prApta karanA hI nizcaya prAyazcitta hai| nizcaya prAyazcitta samasta AcaraNoM meM parama AcaraNa hai / utkRSTa jJAna kA hI nAma nizcaya prAyazcitta hai| 9. paramasamAdhi adhikAra ( gAthA 122-133 ) jo vacanoccAraNa kI kriyA tyAgakara vItarAga bhAva se apanI AtmA ko dhyAtA hai, use parama samAdhi hotI hai / T jo saMyama, niyama aura tapa se tathA dharmadhyAna aura zukladhyAna se AtmA ko dhyAtA hai use paramasamAdhi prApta hotI hai / jo sAdhu vanavAsa, kAyakleza rUpa aneka prakAra ke upavAsa, adhyayana, mauna Adi kArya samatAbhAvapUrvaka karate haiM unheM hI lAbha prApta hotA hai| kyoMki samatA se rahita sAdhu ko mokSa prApta nahIM ho sakatA hai| jisameM sabhI sthAvara aura trasa jIvoM ke prati samatAbhAva ho vahI sAmAyika hai / mana meM sabhI jIvoM ke prati samatAbhAva rakhanA hI sthAyI sAmAyika hai / isa prakAra isa adhikAra meM paramasamAdhi aura sthAyI sAmAyika kA svarUpa aura mahattva batAyA hai / sAmAyika ke bAre meM bAhara kI caryA kI nahIM apitu Antarika sAmAyika kI bAta kahI hai / isa adhikAra meM bahuta hI sundara evaM sarala zabdoM meM sAmAyika ko samajhAyA hai| niyamasAra: 255

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10. paramabhakti adhikAra (gAthA 134-140) paramabhakti kA svarUpa spaSTa karate hue AcArya kahate haiM ki jo muni AtmA ko AtmA ke sAtha nirantara jor3atA hai vaha nizcaya se yogabhakti vAlA muni hai| zrAvaka yA zramaNa jo samyagdarzana-jJAna-cAritra kI bhakti karatA hai, vahI vAstava meM nirvANabhakti yA jinabhakti hai| jo jIva mokSamArgI jIvoM ke guNabheda jAnakara unakI bhakti karatA hai vahI vyavahAra bhakti hai| ataH jo jIva mokSamArma meM AtmA ko samyak prakAra se sthApita karake nirvANa (mokSa) kI bhakti karatA hai, ratnatraya dharma kI bhakti karatA hai, vAstava meM vahI AtmA ko prApta karatA hai| 11. nizcayaparamAvazyaka adhikAra (gAthA 141-150) Avazyaka arthAt jo jIva dUsaroM ke vaza meM nahIM hai usake Avazyaka krm| nirantara apane vaza meM rahanevAle (AtmA ko jAnanevAle) jIva ko hI nizcaya-Avazyaka-karma hotA hai| jo anya ke vaza nahIM hai, vaha avaza' hai aura avaza kA karma 'Avazyaka' hai| zubhAzubha bhAva meM rahanevAlA va dravya-guNa-paryAya ke cintana meM magna AtmA bhI nizcaya se anyavaza hai, AtmasvarUpa meM saMlagna AtmA hI svavaza hai| Age kahate haiM ki jo jIva anyavaza hai vaha bhale hI muni ho, tathApi saMsArI hai| nitya dukha bhoganevAlA hai| jo jIva svavaza hai vaha jIvanmukta hai| vaha jinezvara se kiMcit hI nyUna hai, ataH sadA apane vaza meM raho, svavaza raho aura AtmA ko jAno smjho| jagata meM jIva, unake karma aura unakI labdhiyA~ Adi aneka prakAra ke haiM; isalie sabhI jIva samAna vicAroM ke hoM-aisA honA sambhava nahIM hai, isalie kisI se bhI vivAda mata kro| hamezA apanI AtmA kA smjho| hamezA maunavrata dhAraNa karo / yoga-dhyAna kI sAdhanA kro| jJAnI vahI hai jo mauna rahakara AtmakArya karatA hai| Aja taka jitane bhI tIrthaMkara evaM purANa puruSa hue haiM sabhI ne mauna rahakara hI Avazyaka pratikramaNa kiyA hai| 12. zuddhopayogAdhikAra (gAthA 151-187) jisameM koI zubha bhI nahIM hai, azubha bhI nahIM hai, vaha hai shuddhopyog| 256 :: pramukha jaina granthoM kA paricaya

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vyavahAranaya se kevalI bhagavAna tIna loka ko dekhate haiM, jAnate haiM, para vAstava meM vaha apanI AtmA meM lIna rahate haiM / nizcaya naya se kevalajJAnI sirpha AtmA ko hI jAnate dekhate haiN| anta meM nirvANa arthAt siddhadazA kA vistRta varNana kiyA hai / sAMsArika vikArasamUha ke abhAva kA kAraNa 'nirvANa' hai / anta meM eka mahattvapUrNa cetAvanI dI gayI hai, jo unhIM ke zabdoM meM isa prakAra hai yadi koI IrSyAbhAva se isa sundara mArga kI nindA kare to usake vacana sunakara isa jinamArga meM azraddhA evaM abhakti mata karanA / isa prakAra hama dekhate haiM ki sampUrNa niyamasAra meM eka hI bAta kahI hai ki nija zuddhAtmA kI ArAdhanA meM hI samasta dharma samAhita haiN| isake atirikta jo bhI zubhAzubha vikalpa evaM zubhAzubha kriyAe~ haiM, unheM dharma kahanA mAtra upacAra hai / ataH pratyeka AtmArthI kA ekamAtra kartavya nijazuddhAtmatattva kI ArAdhanA meM lage rahanA hI hai| nijazuddhAtmatattva kA jJAna, zraddhAna evaM AcaraNa hI nizcaya ratnatraya hai, yahI ratnatraya kA sAra hai / yahI niyamasAra hai / isa prakAra jo zrAvaka isa niyamasAra grantha kA ekAgracitta hokara svAdhyAya karegA, vaha zIghra hI mokSa- -sampadA ko prApta kara sakegA / niyamasAra :: 257

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jJAnArNava grantha ke nAma kA artha isa grantha kA nAma hai-jnyaanaarnnv| isake anya nAma 'dhyAnazAstra' aura 'yogapradIpAdhikAra' bhI haiN| ___1. 'jJAnArNava' zabda kA artha hai-jJAna kA samudra / isa grantha meM jJAna-dhyAna ke aneka viSayoM kA varNana kiyA gayA hai, isa grantha ke adhyayana se pAThaka ko aneka viSayoM kA jJAna prApta ho sakatA hai, ata: jJAnArNava ko jJAna kA samudra kahA gayA hai| 2. dhyAnazAstra-isa grantha ko dhyAnazAstra bhI kahate haiM, kyoMki isa grantha meM pramukhatA se dhyAna kA varNana kiyA gayA hai| isa grantha ko AdhAra banAkara hI dhyAnayoga para aneka grantha likhe gaye haiN| 3. yogapradIpAdhikAra-yoga aura dhyAna-ye donoM samAnArthaka zabda haiM, isalie ise yogapradIpAdhikAra bhI kahA jAtA hai| granthakAra kA paricaya isa mahattvapUrNa grantha kI racanA AcArya zubhacandra ne kI hai| inakA samaya vikrama kI 11vIM zatI kA mAnA jAtA hai| grantha meM kahIM bhI AcArya zubhacandra kA paricaya nahIM milatA hai| isa grantha ke adhyayana se jJAta hotA hai ki AcArya zubhacandra bahuzruta vidvAna evaM pratibhA sampanna kavi bhI rahe haiN| kiMvadantI hai ki unhoMne apane bhAI bhartRhari ko munimArga meM dRr3ha karane aura sacce yoga kA jJAna karAne ke lie isa grantha kI racanA kI hai| 258 :: pramukha jaina granthoM kA paricaya

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grantha kA mahattva 1. 42 adhikAroM meM vibhakta yaha grantha vAstava meM jJAna kA samudra hI hai| isa grantha meM jJAna, dhyAna, AcAra, siddhAnta, adhyAtma aura vairAgya Adi aneka viSayoM kA varNana kiyA gayA hai| 2. yaha grantha sAMsArika yAtrA se AdhyAtmika yAtrA kI ora le jAnevAlA grantha hai| yoga dvArA zarIra-zuddhi, prANAyAma dvArA manazuddhi aura zukladhyAna dvArA pUrNa mukti arthAt mokSa kA mArga batAyA hai| 3. yaha grantha mahAkAvya ke samAna hai| mahAkAvya ke guNoM ko samAhita karanevAlA yaha grantha hai| 4. yaha grantha dhyAna evaM yoga viSaya para AdhArita saikar3oM granthoM kA AdhAra hai| ___ isa grantha meM dhyAna evaM yoga Adi kA bahuta vistAra se varNana kiyA hai| 5. yaha dhyAna ke granthoM meM sabase jyAdA lokapriya aura pracalita grantha hai| 6. isa grantha kI bhASA sarala evaM subodha hai| kavitA madhura va AkarSaka hai| 7. grantha meM dhyAna ke bhedoM kA varNana isa prakAra hai dhyAna aprazasta dhyAna (saMsAra meM bhaTakane kA kAraNa) prazasta dhyAna (mukti kA kAraNa) ArtadhyAna raudradhyAna dharmadhyAna zukla dhyAna iSTa viyoga hiMsAnanda aniSTa saMyoga mRSAnanda vedanA (pIr3A) cauryAnanda bhogAkAMkSA (icchA) saMrakSaNAnanda AjJAvicaya apAyavicaya vipAka saMsthAna vicaya vicaya piNDastha padastha rUpastha rUpAtIta 8. Aja se lagabhaga 400-500 sAla pahale bhI isa grantha kI aneka gadya-padya TIkAe~ milatI thiiN| yathA* tattvatraya prakAzinI : AcArya zrutasAgara sUri jJAnArNava :: 259

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* * . * jJAnArNava saMskRta TIkA : paMDita nayavilAsa hindI padyamaya TIkA : labdhivinaya gaNi hindI vacanikA : paMDita jayacandrajI chAbar3A hindI vacanikA kA rUpAntara : paMDita pannAlAla jI bAkalIvAla grantha kA mukhya viSaya 'jJAnArNava' grantha mahAkAvya ke samAna 42 sargoM (adhyAyoM) meM vibhakta hai| isakI viSayavastu isa prakAra hai 1. maMgalAcaraNa 2. bAraha bhAvanA 3. dhyAna kA lakSaNa 4. dhyAtA ke guNa-doSa 5. dhyAtA kI prazaMsA 6. samyagdarzana kA varNana 7. samyagjJAna kA varNana 8. samyakcAritra ke varNana meM (pA~ca vrata, brahmacaryavrata ke antargata strIsvarUpa, maithuna, saMsarga aura vRddhasevA Adi viSaya haiM, parigraha ke antargata viSaya icchA kA tyAga hai| usake bAda paMcasamiti, kaSAyanindA, indriyaviSaya-nirodha, tritattva, manovyApAra kA pratipAdana, rAga-dveSa kA nivAraNa aura sAmyavaibhava (samatAbhAva) Adi viSaya samAhita haiM / ) 9. ArttadhyAna kA varNana 10. raudradhyAna kA varNana 11. dhyAnaviruddha sthAna 12. dhyAnayogya sthAna 13. prANAyAma 14. pratyAhAra 15. savIrya (sabala) dhyAna 16. zuddhopayoga - vicAra 17. dharmadhyAna kA varNana (AjJA, apAya, vipAka, saMsthAna - piNDastha, padastha, rUpastha, rUpAtIta) 260 :: pramukha jaina granthoM kA paricaya

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18. dharmadhyAna kA phala 19. zukladhyAna kA phala 1. maMgalAcaraNa sabase pahale maMgalAcaraNa meM 24 tIrthaMkaroM ko namaskAra kiyA gayA hai| dhyAna kI siddhi ke lie gautama gaNadhara ko namaskAra karate hue jJAnArNava grantha likhane kI pratijJA kI gayI hai| pazcAt samantabhadra, pUjyapAda evaM jinasena Adi kaviyoM kI prazaMsA kI gayI hai| isake bAda AcArya zubhacandra ne bhAvanA prakaTa kI hai ki binA kisI khyAtilAbha kI icchA se aura kavitva ke abhimAna se rahita hokara maiM isa grantha kI racanA kara rahA huuN| 2. bAraha bhAvanA isa adhyAya meM 195 padya haiM / anitya, azaraNa Adi bAraha bhAvanAoM kA cintana isa adhyAya meM kiyA hai| inake nirantara cintana se prANI cetana aura acetana Adi kI bhinnatA ko jAna letA hai| vairAgya aura saMsAra kI nazvaratA ko jAnakara rAgadveSa na karatA huA samatAbhAva prApta karatA hai| isa adhyAya meM ina vairAgyajananI bAraha bhAvanAoM kA bahuta hI sundara varNana hai| 3. dhyAna kA lakSaNa isa adhyAya meM 36 padya haiN| isameM batAyA hai ki isa saMsAra meM manuSya paryAya kA prApta honA kaThina hai| usase bhI durlabha hai dharma, artha, kAma aura mokSa-ina cAroM puruSArthoM ko prApta krnaa| jo manuSya mokSamArga meM agrasara hai, vahI AtmA ko prApta kara sakatA hai| samyagdarzana, samyagjJAna aura samyakcAritra hI mukti ke kAraNa haiM aura dhyAna ratnatraya kI siddhi kA hetu hai| karmoM kA kSaya dhyAna ke binA sambhava nahIM hai| citta kI caMcalatA dhyAna ke dvArA hI dUra kI jA sakatI hai aura upayoga ko sthira kiyA jA sakatA hai| kAma-bhogoM kI Asakti ko dUra karane kA sAdhana bhI AtmadhyAna hI hai| isa prakAra isa adhyAya meM dhyAna kA lakSaNa samajhAyA hai| 4. dhyAtA ke guNa-doSa isa adhyAya meM dhyAna ke svarUpa kA varNana AyA hai| isameM 62 padya haiN| dhyAna ke cAra bheda batalAe haiM-Arta, raudra, dharma aura zukla dhyAna / isameM dhyAna karanevAlA jJAnArNava :: 261

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dhyAtA, dhyAna ke darzana-jJAna-cAritra sahita samasta aMga, dhyAtA tathA dhyeya ke guNadoSa, dhyAna ke nAma, dhyAna kA samaya aura dhyAna ke phala kA varNana kiyA gayA hai| dhyAtA ke svarUpa kA varNana karate hue kahA hai ki jo jitendriya hai, apramAdI hai, kaSTasahiSNu (kaSTa sahana karanevAlA) hai, saMsAra se virakta hai aura zAnta hai vahI vyakti dhyAtA ho sakatA hai aura jo mithyAdRSTi hai aura jo saMsAra ke viSayoM meM Asakta hai vaha dhyAtA nahIM ho sakatA hai| dhyAna kA Azaya mana ko ekAgra karanA hai, citta kI caMcalatA ko rokanA hai| 5. dhyAtA kI prazaMsA isa adhyAya meM 29 padya haiN| isameM dhyAna karanevAle yogIzvaroM kI prazaMsA karate hue kahA hai ki jo vyakti kAmabhogoM se virakta hokara zarIra se mamatAbhAva chor3a cukA hai, jisakA citta sthira ho cukA hai aura jo prANa jAne para bhI saMyama ko nahIM chor3atA hai, vastuta: vahI dhyAtA prazaMsA ke yogya hai| vaha 'dhyAna-dhanezvara' hai| pavitra AcAra kA pAlana karanevAle munijana hI dhyAnasiddhi ke pAtra haiN| 6. samyagdarzana isa adhyAya meM 49 padya haiM aura isameM samyagdarzana kA varNana AyA hai| samyagdarzana pAparUpI vRkSa ko kATane ke lie kuThAra hai aura pavitra tIrthoM meM yahI pradhAna hai| isameM sAtatattva, Sadravya, navapadArtha aura paMcAstikAya Adi kA varNana AyA hai| yahA~ samyagdarzana kI mahimA ko prakaTa karate hue kahA hai ki mokSa lakSmI kI prApti samyagdarzana, samyagjJAna aura samyakcAritra ke Azraya se hI hotI hai| 7. samyagjJAna isa adhyAya meM 23 padya haiM aura samyagjJAna kA varNana kiyA hai| jJAna ke svarUpa ko batAte hue kahA gayA hai ki jisameM tInoM kAloM ke samasta dravya-guNa-paryAya aura sabhI padArtha eka sAtha dikhAI dete haiM, use hI yathArtha jJAna kahate haiN| samyagjJAna ke lakSaNa evaM jJAna ke bhedoM kA varNana karate hue kevalajJAna ke svarUpa ko prakaTa kiyA hai| kevalajJAna kA mahattva bhI batAyA hai| 8. ahiMsAvrata isameM 49 padya haiM aura samyakcAritra kA varNana kiyA hai| paMca mahAvrata, paMca samiti 262 :: pramukha jaina granthoM kA paricaya

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aura tIna gupti - isa prakAra teraha prakAra ke cAritra kA varNana isa adhyAya meM hai / 9. satyavrata isameM 42 padya haiM aura satya mahAvrata kA varNana kiyA hai| asatya vacana ahitakara aura satya vacana hitakara hote haiM / ataH sadA satya kI prazaMsA aura asatya vacana kI nindA hotI hai / asatya bolane se gUMgApana, buddhi kI hInatA, mUrkhatA, bahirApana aura mukha ke roga hote haiM, ataH satya hI bolanA cAhie / jo vyakti satya bolatA hai, use vacanasiddhi ho jAtI hai arthAt vaha jo kaha detA hai, vahI ghaTita ho jAtA hai| 10. cauryaparihAra cauryaparihAra arthAt corI karane kA tyAga karanA / dazama adhyAya meM 20 padya haiM aura asteya mahAvrata kA svarUpa batAyA hai 1 isameM kahA gayA hai ki corI karane se sampadA nahIM AtI hai / logoM ko galata dhAraNA hai ki corI karane se sampatti bar3hatI hai| yadi aisA hotA to coroM ke nAma para nagara bana jAte / corI karane se pApa aura apayaza hI bar3hatA hai| isa adhyAya meM corI ke karma ko aneka prakAra se anarthakara siddha kiyA hai| 11. kAmaprakopa gyArahaveM adhyAya meM 48 padya haiN| isameM brahmacarya mahAvrata kA vistArapUrvaka varNana kiyA hai| isameM zarIra - saMskAra, rasasevana, gIta, nRtya, strIsaMsarga, strIsaMkalpa, strI-aMga-nirIkSaNa Adi dasa prakAra ke maithunoM ke tyAga kA bhI varNana AyA hai| brahmacarya kA pAlana karake munirAja parama brahma paramAtmA ko prApta karate haiM, durbala prANI isa vrata kA pAlana karane meM samartha nahIM haiM / kAmavAsanA kI nindA karate hue kahA hai ki kAmavAsanA kAlakUTa mahAviSa kI apekSA adhika bhayAnaka hai| kAlakUTa viSa kA to upAya hai, kintu kAmavAsanA nAmaka mahAviSa kA koI upAya nahIM hai| kAmavega se prabhAvita manuSya putravadhU, sAsa, putrI, bahina, bAlikA aura tiryaMcanI taka ke sevana kI icchA karatA hai| vartamAna meM pratidina isake udAharaNa dikhAI de rahe haiN| ataH brahmacaryavrata grahaNa kara dharma meM agrasara honA caahie| isa mahAviSa se bacane kA ekamAtra sahArA saMyama hI hai| jJAnArNava :: 263

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12. strIsvarUpa isa adhyAya meM 49 padya haiM aura brahmacarya mahAvrata ke sandarbha meM strIsvarUpa kA vizleSaNa kiyA hai| striyoM ke svabhAva ke doSa - nirdayatA, duSTatA, capalatA, dhokhAdehI aura kuzIlatA batAe haiN| 13. maithuna isa adhyAya meM 25 padya haiN| isameM strIsaMsarga kA niSedha kiyA hai| kAmAgni se pIr3ita puruSa usakA upAya maithuna se karanA cAhatA hai, kintu yaha upAya ghI se agni ko zAnta karane jaisA hai / jisa prakAra kor3hI manuSya kI khujalI khujalAne se aura adhika bar3hatI jAtI hai| usI prakAra maithuna kriyA se kAmAgni aura adhika bar3hatI hai| maithuna se manuSya ko mUrcchA, parizrama aura kSayarogAdi kA sAmanA karanA par3atA hai| yaha prANihiMsA kA kAraNa hai / maithuna ko atizaya ghRNita aura kaSTakara kahA gayA hai| 14. saMsarga isa adhyAya meM 44 padyoM dvArA kahA gayA hai ki strI kA saMsarga manuSya ko saMyama se dUra kara detA hai / tapasvI aura jitendriya sAdhu bhI strI ke samparka meM Akara saMyama ko kSaNabhara meM naSTa kara detA hai / ataH strIsaMsarga aura strI ke saMsarga meM rahanevAle durAcArI janoM se bhI dUra rahane kI preraNA isa adhyAya meM dI hai| 15. vRddha - sevA isa adhyAya meM 42 padyoM meM pariNAmoM meM nirmalatA, vidyA aura vinaya kI vRddhi aura vizuddhi ke lie vRddhasevA ko Avazyaka batalAyA hai| vRddha se yahA~ tAtparya unase hai, jo sAdhaka tapa, svAdhyAya, dhyAna, viveka, yama aura saMyama se bar3he haiN| jo prANI sadAcArI haiM, ve Ayu se kama hote hue bhI vRddha mAne gaye haiN| ina sadAcArI manuSyoM ke sAtha rahane se Adarza jIvana va sadupadeza kI preraNA pAkara mArgabhraSTa jIva bhI sanmArga laga sakatA hai| isa adhyAya meM vRddhasevA, satsamAgama se prApta honevAle aneka ko prakaTa kiyA hai| 264 :: pramukha jaina granthoM kA paricaya

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16. parigraha-doSa-vicAra isameM 42 padya haiN| isameM parigrahatyAga mahAvrata kA varNana AyA hai| jisa prakAra naukA meM adhika bhAra rakhane se naukA nadI meM DUba jAtI hai, usI prakAra adhika parigraha rakhane se saMyamI puruSa bhI saMsAra-samudra meM DUba jAtA hai| parigraha ke do prakAra batAe haiM-bAhya aura abhyantara / donoM prakAra ke parigraha ko tyAga kara hI manuSya saMyamI bana sakatA hai| 17. icchA kA tyAga isa adhyAya meM 21 padyoM dvArA AzA (icchA) tyAgane kI bAta kahI hai| jaba taka zarIra aura dhana Adi ke viSaya meM AzA banI rahatI hai taba taka parigrahatyAga mahAvrata sambhava nahIM hai, isalie sabase pahale AzA ko chor3ane kI bAta isa adhyAya meM kahI hai| 18. paMcasamiti isa adhyAya meM 39 padyoM meM paMcasamitiyoM kA varNana AyA hai| IryA, bhASA, eSaNA, AdAna nikSepaNa aura pratiSThApana-ina pA~ca samitiyoM kA pAlana sAdhu karate haiN| 19. kaSAyanindA isa adhyAya meM 77 padyoM dvArA kaSAya kI nindA kI gayI hai| krodha, mAna, mAyA aura lobha-ye cAroM kaSAya ratnatrayaguNa ko vikRta karatI haiN| ye prANI ko zAnta nahIM rahane detI haiN| 20. indriyaviSaya-nirodha isameM 38 padya haiM aura inameM indriyoM ke viSayoM kA varNana kiyA hai| prANiyoM kI indriyA~ jaise-jaise apane vaza meM hotI haiM, vaise-vaise unake hRdaya meM viziSTa jJAnarUpa sUrya atizaya prakAzita hotA hai| jIva eka-eka indriyoM ke vazIbhUta hokara bhI mRtyu ko prApta ho jAtA hai| jo jIva paMca-indriyoM ke viSayoM meM nahIM phaMse haiM, unheM sadgati prApta ho sakatI hai| yahA~ para indriyoM ko vaza meM karane kI prazaMsA kI gayI hai, kyoMki indriyoM ko jIte binA kaSAyoM para vijaya prApta nahIM kI jA sakatI hai| ataeva krodhAdi kaSAyoM ko jItane ke lie indriya-vijaya Avazyaka hai| jJAnArNava :: 265

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21. tritattva isa adhyAya meM 27 padya haiN| isameM pRthvI, jala, agnitattva tathA vAyutattva kA vistArapUrvaka varNana AyA hai / 22. manovyApAra- pratipAdana isameM 35 padya haiN| isameM mana ke vyApAra ko rokane ke lie yama, niyama, Asana, prANAyAma, pratyAhAra, dhAraNA, dhyAna aura samAdhi - ina ATha yoga ke aMgoM kA kathana kiyA hai| jo jIva mana ko sthira kara AtmasvarUpa meM sthira ho sakatA hai vahI dhyAna evaM samAdhi meM lIna ho sakatA hai| 23. rAgAdi-nivAraNa (rAga - -dveSa Adi ) isa adhyAya meM 38 padya haiN| isameM rAga-dveSa ko rokane kI bAta kahI hai| pUrva prakaraNa meM dhyAna kI siddhi ke lie mana kI sthiratA ko anivArya batalAyA hai| para mana kI sthiratA taba taka sambhava nahIM hai jaba taka ki antaHkaraNa se rAga Adi nahIM haTa jaate| yogI citta ko AtmasvarUpa meM sthira karanA cAhatA hai / rAgAdi ke prakaTa hone para hI mana ko Atmatattva kI prApti ho sakatI hai| 24. sAmyavaibhava isa adhyAya meM 33 padya haiM aura inameM sAmyabhAva (samatAbhAva) kA nirUpaNa kiyA hai| rAga-dveSa-moha ke abhAva se samatAbhAva utpanna hotA hai / iSTa aura aniSTa pratIta honevAle padArthoM meM jaba samatAbhAva utpanna ho jAtA hai taba yogI ko isa carAcara vizva meM na to kucha heya rahatA hai aura na kucha upAdeya ( utpanna karane yogya) rahatA hai| yogI vyakti dUsaroM ke dvArA kI gayI stuti aura nindA meM samatAbhAva rakhatA hai / 25. ArttadhyAna jo prANI pIr3A meM dhyAna karatA hai, una bhAvoM ko ArttabhAva kahA jAtA hai| yahA~ para ArttadhyAna ke 4 prakAroM kA varNana hai / aniSTa padArthoM ke saMyoga, iSTa padArthoM ke viyoga, vedanA aura bhogAkAMkSA se jo saMklezapUrNa cintana hotA hai vaha ArttadhyAna kahalAtA hai| isa sarga meM 44 padyoM meM ArttadhyAna kA vistArapUrvaka varNana hai| dhyAna 266 :: pramukha jaina granthoM kA paricaya

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aura samatAbhAva kA paraspara sambandha hai / samatAbhAva ke binA dhyAna sambhava nahIM hai, dhyAna ke binA samatAbhAva sambhava nahIM hai / 26. raudradhyAna isameM 44 padya haiM aura raudradhyAna kA nirUpaNa kiyA gayA hai| hiMsA meM Ananda mAnane se, asatya bhASaNa meM Ananda mAnane se, corI ke abhiprAya se tathA viSayoM ke saMrakSaNa se prANiyoM ke nirantara cAra prakAra kA raudradhyAna utpanna hotA hai| 27. dhyAna - viruddha sthAna isa adhyAya meM 34 padyoM meM dhyAna ke viruddhasthAna kA citraNa kiyA gayA hai| dhyAna ko bar3hAnevAlI maitrI, karuNA, pramoda aura madhyastha- ina cAroM bhAvanAoM kA nirUpaNa kiyA hai tathA dhyAna meM bAdhA DAlanevAle sthAnoM kA bhI varNana kiyA hai| 28. dhyAna yogya sthAna isa adhyAya meM 40 padyoM meM Asana kA vidhAna kiyA hai| dhyAna kI siddhi kisI siddhakSetra meM, uttama tIrtha meM aura atizaya kSetra meM hotI hai| dhyAtA (yogI) ko dhyAna ke lie kisI aise pavitra sthAna ko dekhanA cAhie jahA~ se koI bhavya jIva mukti ko prApta huA ho| dhyAna ke yogya AsanoM meM paryaMkAsana, arddhaparyaMka Asana, vajrAsana, vIrAsana, sukhAsana, kamalAsana evaM kAyotsarga Asana batAe haiM / 29. prANAyAma isa adhyAya meM 102 padyoM meM prANAyAma kA varNana hai| prANAyAma se jagata ke zubhAzubha aura bhUta-bhaviSya kA jJAna kiyA jAtA hai| mana ko vazIbhUta karane se viSaya - vAsanAe~ naSTa ho jAtI haiM aura Atmazakti bar3ha jAtI hai| jisase samasta vastuoM kA jJAna prApta kiyA jA sakatA hai| zvAsa aura prazvAsarUpa vAyu kI gati ko rokane kA nAma prANAyAma hai| prANAyAma ko pUrva AcAryoM ne lakSaNa kI vizeSatA se tIna prakAra kA mAnA hai / jina munirAja ne indriyoM ko jIta liyA hai, ve munirAja prANAyAma se saikar3oM bhavoM kA saMcita pApa do muhUrta mAtra meM hI naSTa kara dete haiN| isa adhyAya meM prANAyAma aura svaravijJAna kA varNana aneka binduoM ke sAtha vistAra se kiyA hai / jJAnArNava :: 267

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30. pratyAhAra isa adhyAya meM 14 padyoM meM pratyAhAra kA varNana hai| pratyAhAra ke svarUpa ko prakaTa karate hue kahA hai ki mana ko indriyoM ke sAtha sabhI viSayoM se ( saba jagaha ) khIMcakara use icchAnusAra jahA~ dhAraNa kiyA jAtA hai usakA nAma pratyAhAra hai| samAdhi prApta karane ke lie pratyAhAra karanA atyanta Avazyaka hai| 31. savIrya dhyAna isa adhyAya meM 42 padya haiN| isameM savIrya dhyAna kA varNana hai| yogI jaba nirantara paramAtmA kA smaraNa karatA hai, taba vaha svayaM tanmaya ho jAtA hai| ise hI yahA~ savIryadhyAna kahA gayA hai| isameM paramAtmA ke svarUpa kA bhI citraNa hai aura sAtha hI paramAtmA ke do bhedoM- sAkAra aura nirAkAra kA bhI nirUpaNa hai / 32. zuddhopayoga - vicAra isa adhyAya meM 104 padya haiN| isameM kahA hai ki jo yogI apane AtmasvarUpa ko nahIM jAnatA hai vaha parama puruSa yA paramAtmA ko nahIM jAna sakatA hai| isalie isa sarga meM bahirAtmA, antarAtmA aura paramAtmA kA varNana vistAra se kiyA hai aura samasta karmoM kA nAza kara svayaM paramAtmA banane kI preraNA dI hai| 33. AjJA-vicaya isa adhyAya meM 22 padya haiM aura AjJAvicaya dharmadhyAna kA svarUpa batalAyA hai| citta ko AtmasvarUpa meM sthira karane ke lie dharmadhyAna ke AjJA, apAya, vipAka aura saMsthAna vicaya- ina cAra bhedoM kA nirdeza kiyA hai| sabase pahale AjJAvicaya dharmadhyAna batalAyA hai| jisa dhyAna meM sarvajJa kI AjJA ke anusAra Agamasiddha vastusvarUpa kA vicAra kiyA jAtA hai vaha AjJAvicaya kahalAtA hai| 34. apAya - vicaya isa adhyAya meM 17 padya haiM aura apAyavicaya dharmadhyAna kA varNana hai / apAya kA artha hai vinAza, jisa dhyAna meM karmoM ke vinAza aura usake upAya kA vicAra kiyA jAtA hai vaha apAya vicaya dharmadhyAna kahalAtA hai| isa dhyAna meM 268 :: pramukha jaina granthoM kA paricaya

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sAdhu vicAra karatA hai ki maiM kyA hU~ ? mukti kyA hai? mukti ko prApta jIva kA svarUpa kaisA hai? ityaadi| 35. vipAka-vicaya isa adhyAya meM 31 padyoM dvArA vipAkavicaya dharmadhyAna kA svarUpa batalAyA hai| pUrva ke karma udaya meM Akara jo phala dete haiM, unakA nAma vipAka hai| vaha karma dravya, kSetra, kAla aura bhAva-ina cAra ke anusAra prANiyoM ko aneka prakAra ke phala diyA karatA hai| unako pRthak-pRthak udAharaNoM dvArA yahA~ spaSTa kiyA gayA hai| 36. saMsthAna-vicaya isa adhyAya meM 186 padya haiM aura saMsthAna-vicaya dharmadhyAna kA varNana kiyA hai| saMsthAna kA artha AkAra hai| anantAnanta AkAza ke bIca meM cetana-acetana dravyoM se vyApta loka hai| yaha loka adholoka, madhyaloka aura Urdhvaloka tIna bhAgoM meM vibhakta hai| adholoka kA AkAra beMta ke Asana jaisA, madhyaloka kA jhAlara jaisA tathA Urdhvaloka kA AkAra mRdaMga jaisA hai| isa prakAra isa adhyAya meM loka ke vibhAgoM ke AkAra aura vahA~ rahanevAle prANiyoM (nArakiyoM devoM) ke dukha, sukha aura Ayu Adi kA vistAra se varNana kiyA hai| 37. piNDastha dhyAna isa adhyAya meM 33 padyoM dvArA piNDasthadhyAna kA varNana kiyA hai| yahA~ dhyAna ke cAra bhedoM piNDastha, padastha, rUpastha aura rUpAtIta kA nirdeza kiyA gayA hai| piNDastha dhyAna meM pRthvI, agni, vAyu, jala aura agni Adi kI kalpanA kisa prakAra karanA cAhie, isakA varNana kiyA gayA hai| 38. padastha dhyAna isa adhyAya meM 116 padyoM dvArA padasthadhyAna kA varNana kiyA hai| yogI jaba pavitra padoM (mantroM)kA Alambana lekara jo cintana karate hai vaha padastha dhyAna kahalAtA hai| isa adhyAya meM mantrapadoM ke abhyAsa kA bhI kathana kiyA hai| mantroM kA dhyAna karane se mokSa prApta hotA hai| isa dhyAna dvArA aNimA-mahimA Adi RddhiyA~ bhI prApta hotI haiN| jJAnArNava :: 269

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39. rUpastha dhyAna isa adhyAya meM 46 padyoM dvArA rUpasthadhyAna kA varNana AyA hai| rUpasthadhyAna meM arhanta bhagavAna kA dhyAna hotA hai| isa sandarbha meM arhanta ke atizaya aura janmamaraNa ke 18 doSoM kA abhAva batAyA hai, ye viSaya AcArya ne Agama dvArA siddha karake batAe haiN| 40. rUpAtIta dhyAna isa adhyAya meM 31 padyoM dvArA rUpAtIta dhyAna kA varNana kiyA hai| jisa dhyAna meM cindAnandasvarUpa, nirmala, amUrta va avinAzI AtmA kA smaraNa kiyA jAtA hai vaha rUpAtIta dhyAna kahalAtA hai / jaba yogI evaM dhyAnI, siddhaparameSThI ke dhyAna kA abhyAsa karake zakti kI apekSA se apane Apako bhI unhIM ke samAna jAnakara apane ko unake samAna banAne ke lie unameM lIna ho jAtA hai, usa samaya karma kA nAza hokara siddhapada kI prApti hotI hai| 41. dharmadhyAna kA phala isa adhyAya meM 27 padya haiN| isameM dharmadhyAna ke phala kA varNana kiyA hai| jo muni citta ( mana ) ko sthira karanA cAhate haiM, para unakA citta viSayoM se vyAkula hokara sthira nahIM ho pAtA hai, isalie vaha zukladhyAna ke adhikArI nahIM bana pAte haiM, una munirAja ke lie kahA hai ki pahale rAga aura dveSa ko naSTa karake mana ko sthira karanA caahie| sadA bAraha bhAvanAoM kA cintavana karanA caahie| jisa prakAra dIpaka andhakAra ko zIghra hI dUra kara detA hai, usI prakAra muni kA sthira dhyAna zIghra hI karmarUpa kalaMka ko naSTa kara detA hai| dharmadhyAna ke phala se ve bhavya jIva graiveyaka vimAnoM, anuttara vimAnoM evaM sarvArthasiddhi jaise pavitra sthAna meM utpanna hote haiM svargIya divya sukhoM ko bhogakara pRthvI para uttama kula meM janma lete haiM aura tIrthaMkaroM kI vibhUti ko prApta karake nirantara viveka kA Azraya lete haiM / ratnatraya kI prApti ke lie ghora tapasyA karate haiM aura apanI zakti ke anusAra dharmadhyAna va zukladhyAna ko svIkAra karake ghAtiyA karmoM ko naSTa karate hue mokSa pada prApta karate haiN| 270 :: pramukha jaina granthoM kA paricaya

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42. zukla dhyAna kA phala isa adhyAya meM 88 padya haiM, isameM zukla dhyAna kA phala batAyA hai| jo muni mana kI kriyA se rahita, indriyoM ke viSayoM se rahita aura dhyAna dhAraNA se vihIna hokara antarmukha ho jAtA hai, samasta saMkalpa-vikalpoM se rahita hokara AtmasvarUpa meM lIna ho jAtA hai, use zukladhyAna prApta ho jAtA hai / yaha dhyAna nirmalatA tathA kaSAyoM ke naSTa ho jAne ke kAraNa hotA hai, yaha vai maNi ( sarvazreSTha maNi) ke samAna atizaya nirmala va sthira hotA hai; isalie ise zukladhyAna kahA jAtA hai| yaha zukla dhyAna 11 aMga aura 14 pUrvoM ke jJAtA ko, zuddha caritravAle ko tathA vajravRSabhanArAcasaMhanana (jo sabase majabUta ho, jisako kATA na jA sake) vAle bhavya ko hI prApta hotA hai| isa prakAra zukladhyAna aura zukladhyAna ke cAra bhedoM kA vistAra se varNana isa adhyAya meM kiyA hai / anta meM granthakAra kahate haiM ki maiMne apanI buddhi se jinAgama se kucha sAra ko grahaNa karake dhyAnazAstra kI racanA kI hai, pUrNarUpa se to isakA varNana karane meM vIraprabhu hI samartha haiN| jaba taka sumeru, indra aura candra haiM, taba taka yaha zAstra apane vaibhava ke lie isa pRthivI para amara rhegaa| isa prakAra 42 adhikAroM meM nibaddha yaha mahAgrantha vAstava meM dhyAna, yoga evaM samAdhi kA utkRSTa mahanIya grantha hai| eka bAra jo bhavya prANI citta ko ekAgra kara isa grantha kA adhyayana karegA, vaha dhyAna aura dhyAtA ke uttama guNoM ko pAlana karatA huA, dharmadhyAna aura zukla dhyAna ke prati avazya hI agrasara hogA / use zIghra hI mokSa-sampadA prApta hogI / jJAnArNava :: 271

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pariziSTa agRhIta mithyAtva acakSudarzana adhaH karaNa - apUrvakaraNa anivRttikaraNa ananta anantadarzana-jJAna vIrya - sukha aNuvrata aticAra atIndriya atIndriyajJAna adhikaraNa anAyatana anAsakta anuprekSA sarala - zabdAvalI : anAdikAla se calA A rahA viparIta shrddhaan| : binA A~khoM ke dekhanA / : jaba AtmA zuddha avasthA kI ora tejI se bar3hatI hai taba usake bhAvoM meM jo dhIre-dhIre zuddhi bar3hatI jAtI hai, use hI zAstroM kI bhASA meM adhaH karaNa - apUrvakaraNaanivRttikaraNa kahate haiM / : jisakA koI anta na ho / : jaba AtmA cAra ghAtiyA karmoM se rahita ho jAtI hai taba usameM ye cAra mahAna guNa prakaTa hote haiM, jinheM ananta darzana, ananta jJAna, anantavIrya aura anantasukha kahate haiN| : hiMsAdi pA~ca pApoM kA alpa tyAga / : vratoM meM doSa laganA / : indriyoM ke viSayoM se rahita / : binA indriyoM kI sahAyatA se honevAlA jJAna / : AdhAra / : anucita sthAna / : Asakta na honA, gRha meM virAgI rahanA, rAga-dveSa meM lipta na honA / jaise- kIcar3a meM rahakara kamala khilatA hai / : bAra-bAra cintana karanA / sarala - zabdAvalI :: 273

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anuyogadvAra antarAya antarAtmA antarAdhikAra aparimita amUrtika avagAhana avadhijJAna avasarpiNIkAla avirati avirata samyagdRSTi azucitA asi : adhikAra vibhAjana yA adhyaay| : muni ko AhArAdi ke samaya koI vighna yA bAdhA aanaa|--- : jo zarIrAdiko apanA nahIM mAnatA aura apane antaraMga jJAnatattva ko hI apanA mAnatA hai| : adhikAra yA adhyAya ke andara choTe-choTe anya adhikAra yA adhyAya honaa| : jisako nApA na jA ske| : jisameM sparza, rasa, gandha aura varNa na pAyA jaae| : jagaha yA sthaan| : indriyoM kI sahAyatA ke binA AtmA se rUpI padArthoM kA jJAna honaa| : aisA samaya jisameM jIvoM kA zarIra, bala, jJAna, Ayu Adi dhIre-dhIre kama hotA jAtA hai| : vrata dhAraNa nahIM krnaa| : jise samyagdarzana hai, para vrata dhAraNa nahIM kiye| : apavitra, gndaa| : shstrklaa| : vItarAga-sarvajJa tIrthaMkara kI vaannii| : garama prakAza, jaise- sUrya kA prkaash| : apane ko pIr3A denaa| apanI hiMsA krnaa| : AtmA kA aakaar| : Ayu bandha ke bhaav| : dukhamaya hone vAle dhyaan| : prANiyoM ko pIr3A denevAle kaary| : nirmala pariNAmavAle bhvyjiiv| : maraNa, saMnyAsa yA smaadhi| : jisakI ArAdhanA kI jAtI hai| : vartamAnakAla ke doSoM kI shuddhi| : indriyoM se prApta sukh| : indriyoM se prApta jnyaan| Agama Atapa AtmaghAta AtmA ke pradeza Ayubandhaka bhAva ArtadhyAna Arambha ArAdhaka ArAdhanA ArAdhya AlocanA indriyasukha indriyajJAna 274 :: pramukha jaina granthoM kA paricaya

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utpAda utsarpiNIkAla udyota upapAda janma upayoga upazama upazama samyaktva upasarga Urdhvagati ekatva kaSAya kAyotsarga kevalajJAna kevalI kramabhAvI kSaNabhaMgu kSayopazama kSAyika samyaktva guNavrata guNasthAna gupti gRhIta mithyAtva ghAtiyA karma cakSudarzana cAra gatiyA~ : dravya meM navIna paryAya kI utpatti honA / : aisA samaya jisameM zarIra, bala, jJAna, Ayu Adi bar3hate jAte haiM / : zItala prakAza / : deva aura naraka gati ke jIvoM kI janma prakriyA | : AtmA kA svabhAva yA AtmA se nikaTa sambandha / : zAnta honA / : vaha samyagdarzana jo nizcita rUpa se naSTa honevAlA hai / : kaSTa, saMkaTa, musIbata / : Upara kI ora jAnA / : parapadArthoM ke sAtha ekatA sthApita karanA / : AtmA ko dukha denevAle bhAva / : zarIra ke prati moha chor3akara paramAtmA kA dhyAna karanA / : samasta dravya, guNa paryAyoM ko eka sAtha pratyakSa jAnanA / : sarva padArthoM ke jJAtA / : eka ke bAda eka krama se honA / jaise- paryAya / : eka kSaNa meM hI naSTa honevAlA / : vaha samyagdarzana jo naSTa ho sakatA hai / : vaha samyagdarzana jo kabhI bhI naSTa nahIM hogaa| : mUlaguNoM ko grahaNa karane ke bAda guNavrata grahaNa kie jAte haiM, kyoMki ina vratoM ke kAraNa mUlaguNoM meM zreSThatA AtI hai / : moha evaM yoga ke AdhAra para jIvoM kA vargIkaraNa / : sthiratA, ekAgratA / : apane doSoM kI vizeSa nindA karanA / : kuguru, kudeva evaM kudharma kA zraddhAna karanA / : ve karma jo AtmA ke guNoM ko nukasAna pahu~cAte haiM / : A~khoM se dekhanA / : jIva kI saMsAra avasthA meM cAra dazAe~ hotI haiMnaraka, tiryaMca, manuSya evaM devagati / inheM cAra gatiyA~ kahate haiM / sarala - zabdAvalI :: 275

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cetanA caudahapUrvoM kA jJAna cyuta honA chedopasthApanA jIvasamAsa TIkAkAra tattva tAMDavanRtya tiryagloka trasa jIva dravya dravyakarma dravyArthika naya dvAdaza anuprekSA dvAdazAMga dAruNa upasarga digvijaya dharma dharmadhyAna dhyAtA dhyAna dhyeya dhauvya naya nAmakarma nigoda nijAtmA nirjarA : praann| : aisA jJAna jo prAcIna paramparA se calA A rahA hai| : tyAga karanA / : patita avasthA ko chor3akara punaH zuddha avasthA meM svayaM ko sthApita karanA / jIvoM kA vargIkaraNa | : : TIkA ke lekhaka / : vastu : devoM dvArA kiyA gayA eka vizeSa prakAra kA nRtya / : madhyaloka : do indriyoM se pA~ca indriyoM vAle jIva / : vastu / : AtmA para cipakanevAle sUkSma pudgala karma / : dravya aMza ko jAnanA dravyArthika naya hai / : bAraha bhAvanA / : jaina Agama ke bAraha aMga / : bhayAnaka Apatti AnA / : chaha khaNDa para vijaya prApta karanA / : AtmA kA nirmala bhAva / : dharma se yukta dhyAna karanA / : dhyAna karanevAlA / : mana ko ekAgra karanA / : jisakA dhyAna kiyA jaae| : dravya kI nityatA, sthiratA / : vastu ke eka aMza ko jAnanevAlA jJAna / : vaha karma jo zarIrAdi kA nirmANa karanevAlA hai / : saMsArI jIva kI aisI dazA jahA~ vaha ananta jIvoM ke sAtha rahakara eka sAtha AhAra evaM janma-maraNAdi karatA hai / : apanI AtmA / : karmoM kA AMzika nAza honA / 276 :: pramukha jaina granthoM kA paricaya

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nindA karanA : apane doSoM kI nindA krnaa| nibaddha karanA : bA~dhanA, jodd'naa| nimitta-naimittika saMbaMdha : jaba bhI koI kArya hotA hai to usameM eka vastu to svayaM kArya karatI hai aura dUsarI usameM sahAyaka hotI hai| ina donoM ke sambandhako nimitta-naimittika-sambandha kahate haiN| nirvikalpa samAdhi : AtmAnubhUti honA, jisameM rAga-dveSa kA bhAva nahIM hotA hai| nizcaya naya nizcaya mokSamArga naiSThika zrAvaka nokarma paMca indriya paryAya paryaMkAsana paryAyArthika naya paradravya parapadArtha parabhAva pariNamana parigraha parISaha pAraNA pAkSika zrAvaka puruSArtha pUraNa-galana prakRtiyA~ pratyAhAra :: vastu ke zuddha svarUpa ko jAnanA, khnaa| : AtmA kA jJAna, zraddhana evaM AcaraNa krnaa| :: jo dharma kA niSThApUrvaka nirvAha karatA hai| : strI, putra, makAna Adi bAhya padArtha jinako ye jIva apanA mAnatA hai| ': sparzana, rasanA, ghrANa, cakSu aura shrotr| arthAt tvacA, jIbha, nAka, A~kha aura kaan| : vaha avasthA jisakA nirantara parivartana hotA rahatA hai| : pdmaasn| : paryAya ke aMza ko jAnanA paryAyArthika naya hai| : dUsare drvy| jaise- zarIra, makAna, dUsare jIva aadi| : dUsare pdaarth| : dUsare kA svbhaav| : privrtn| : parapadArthoM kA saMcaya krnaa| : kaSTa sahana krnaa| : upavAsa ke bAda dUsare dina zuddha bhojana krnaa| : jo abhyAsa dvArA zrAvaka dharma kA pAlana karatA hai| : prytn| : milnaa-bichudd'naa| : svbhaav| : dhyAna kI prArambhika avsthaa| : bhaviSyakAla ke doSoM kI shuddhi| pratyAkhyAna sarala-zabdAvalI :: 277

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pratikramaNa pradeza prameya pramANa prarUpaNA prAtihArya prAyazcitta prAsuka harAtmA bahumAna bIjAkSara bodhidurlabha bhavyaprANI bhAvanA bhedavijJAna mana:paryayajJAna mamatva matijJAna masi mArgaNAsthAna mithyAcAritra mithyAtva mithyAdarzana mithyAjJAna mUrtika yukti yoga : bhUtakAla ke doSoM kI zuddhi karanA / : AkAra / : padArtha yA pramANa kA viSaya | duniyA ke sabhI padArtha prameya haiM, kyoMki vaha pramANa ke dvArA jAne jAte haiN| : samyagjJAna / : varNana karane kI zailI / : pratiSThA ke pratIka cihna | : mana zuddha karane kI kriyA / aparAdhoM se dUSita hue mana ko zuddha karane kA upAya / : sarvadA jIva rahita / : zarIra, makAna evaM parivAra Adi parapadArthoM ko apanA mAnanevAlA / : sammAna / : saMkSipta gUr3ha akSara / : AtmajJAna prApti muzkila hai / : ve prANI jinheM zIghra hI samyagdarzana prApta honevAlA hai / : bAra-bAra cintana krnaa| : do vibhinna padArthoM ko bhinna-bhinna jAnanA evaM samajhanA / : dUsaroM ke mana meM sthita padArthoM kA pratyakSa jJAna / : parapadArthoM ke sAtha moha yA apanApana rakhanA / : indriyoM aura mana se honevAlA jJAna / : lekhnklaa| ve cIjeM jinameM jIvoM ko khojA jaae| 00 : mokSamArga evaM naitikatA ke viparIta AcaraNa / : ulTA jJAna - zraddhAna / : jIva Adi padArthoM ke bAre meM galata mAnyatA / : vastu ke svarUpa ko galata jAnanA / : jisameM sparza, rasa, gandha aura varNa pAyA jaae| : prAmANika bAta / : dhyAna, mana, vacana, kAya kI ekAgratA / 278 :: pramukha jaina granthoM kA paricaya

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ratnatraya raudradhyAna rUpastha dhyAna rUpAtIta dhyAna lakSaNagrantha lezyA vyaya vyavahAranaya vastu svarUpa vicaya viparyaya vibhAvaryAya vimoha vItarAgata vItarAgI vedaka samyaktva vrata lenA zlAkA puruSa zikSA zukla dhyAna sakala saMyama sampradAya samyaktva samyak cAritra samyagdarzana samyagjJAna samiti : mokSa prApta karane ke lie dharma ke tIna vizeSa ratnasamyagdarzana, samyagjJAna evaM samyakcAritra / : nirdaya, krUra pariNAmoM meM lagA huA mana / : kisI mUrti yA AkAra kA dhyAna krnaa| : kisI AkAra se rahita dhyAna karanA / : aise grantha jinameM paribhASAe~ hotI haiM / : kaSAyoM ke stara / kaSAyoM ke zubha aura azubha vargIkaraNa / : dravya meM pUrva paryAya kA nAza honA / : vastu ke azuddha svarUpa kA jJAna / : dravya, padArtha yA tattva kA sahI-sahI svabhAva / : mImAMsA karanA, vicAra karanA / : viparIta jJAna / : azuddha avasthA / : jJAna nahIM honA / : rAga-dveSa se rahita avasthA / : rAga-dveSa se rahita / : aisA samyagdarzana jo naSTa bhI ho sakatA hai aura nahIM bhI / : pApoM kA tyAga karanA / : vizeSa mahApuruSa / : zrAvaka ko muni banane kI zikSA denevAle vrata / : arihaMta parameSThI kA zuddha dhyAna / : jaba koI sAdhaka pA~ca pApoM kA pUrNarUpa se tyAga kara detA hai, aura apanI AtmA meM lIna ho jAtA hai, vaha avasthA sakala saMyama hotI hai / : pantha, mt| : samyagdarzana prApta honA / : hiMsAdi pA~ca pApoM se dUra rahanA / : sacce deva-zAstra-guru para zraddhAna karanA / : vastu ke svarUpa kA sahI jJAna / : samyak prakRti yA acchA AcaraNa / sarala - zabdAvalI :: 279

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samIcIna dharma samudghAta sallekhanA sarvasAvadyayoga sahabhAvI sahasranAma sAkAra paramAtmA sAdhaka zrAvaka sAvadyayoga saMrakSaNa saMzayajJAna saMyama sammUrchana jIva svabhAvaparyAya sthAvara jIva syAdvAda svAdhInadazA zruta zrutakevalI zrutaparamparA zrutajJAna zrRMkhalA hRdayasparzI : saccA dharma, vItarAgI dharma / : AtmA ke pradezoM kA mUla zarIra ko chor3e binA thor3I dera ke lie bAhara nikala jAnA / : zarIra evaM kaSAyoM ko kama karanA / : sabhI pApa kI kriyA / : sAtha meM rahanevAle / jaise - svabhAva, guNa / : eka hajAra naam| : arhanta parameSThI / : jo zrAvaka vrata grahaNa karatA hai / : pApa kI kriyA / : rakSA karanA / : sandehayukta jJAna / : niyantraNa / ve jIva jo apane Apa hI vAtAvaraNa meM janma le lete : haiN| jaise - makkhI, macchara / : zuddha paryAya / : eka indriyavAle jIva / : jaina darzana kA mahattvapUrNa siddhAnta hai jo kahatA hai ki hameM kisI bhI bAta ko eka apekSA se samajhanA nahIM cAhie / : AdhyAtmika dRSTi se svatantra dazA / : zAstra / : samasta zAstroM kA jJAtA / : zAstroM kI paramparA / : zAstroM kA jJAna / : krama, kdd'ii| : hRdaya ko chUnevAlA yA hRdaya ko acchA laganevAlA / 000 280 :: pramukha jaina granthoM kA paricaya

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pro. vIrasAgara jaina janma : rAjasthAna ke grAma gur3hAcandrajI (karaulI) meN| zikSA : jainadarzanAcArya, prAkRtAcArya, ema. e. (hindI), pIeca.DI. / kRtitva : 'daulata vilAsa', 'zrIpAlacarita', 'bhAratIya darzana meM AtmA evaM paramAtmA', 'tattvArthasUtrapradIpikA' 'nyAya - mandira' Adi lagabhaga do darjana pustkeN| inake atirikta lagabhaga 60 zodhapatra / samparka : jainadarzana vibhAga zrI lAla bahAdura zAstrI rASTrIya saMskRta vidyApITha bI- 4, kutuba insTITyUzana eriyA, kaThavariyA sarAya nayI dillI-110016 mobAila : 09868888607

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bhAratIya jJAnapITha 18, insTITyUzanala eriyA, lodI roDa, nayI dillI - 110 003 saMsthApaka : sva. sAhU zAntiprasAda jaina, sva. zrImatI ramA jaina