Book Title: Tattvartha Sutra Nikash
Author(s): Rakesh Jain, Nihalchand Jain
Publisher: Sakal Digambar Jain Sangh Satna
Catalog link: https://jainqq.org/explore/010142/1

JAIN EDUCATION INTERNATIONAL FOR PRIVATE AND PERSONAL USE ONLY
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We shall work with you immediately. -The TFIC Team. Page #2 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- Page #3 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ 3d vart: - --- RH 1 . . . . . sa .. IRTALORE A .. malanAyaka tIrthaMkara zrI neminAtha bhagavAna (pratiSThA - mAgha zukla 5 saM. 1937) Page #4 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ tIrthaMkara zrI kuMthunAtha, tIrthakara zrI zAntinAtha, tIrthaMkara zrI aranAtha (zAntinAtha vedikA) I Page #5 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ Sand 3780 neminAtha vedikA Page #6 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ SAY . RSHANT ajitanAtha vedikA - N Po! NITAS EME MARATHAPA candraprabha vedikA Page #7 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ candraprabha vedikA Page #8 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ zrI 1008 pArzvanAtha prabhu kI navIna pratimA (jaina mandira, satanA) Page #9 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ RAMA MAI so Kutumausi memummer: -namasupe r nati-i-riyanvi - imagshaniketanding R andgicappedia e bhagavAna bAhubalI bedikA mAnastaMbha Page #10 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ saMta ziromaNi AcArya zrI 108 vidyAsAgarajI mahArAja Page #11 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ MEAKIX. pUjya munizrI 108 pramANasAgarajI mahArAja Page #12 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ jaina zruta bhaMDAra ..THEREINEERS NATANFAR-, .. . acom CARTA BP R mandal - m SHORO wwwwwwwwwwanmes NOPS .. . emamaeememewoman sangka - HINORING pAla Page #13 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ pUjyA zrI 100 anantamati mAtAjI ( ziSyA - pa pU AcArya zrI 108 vidyAsAgarajI mahArAja) pa bra pappI dIdIjI yA vidhayasAgarajI ( ziSya- pa pU AcAya zrI 108 virAgasAgarajI mahArAja) va vanA dIdIjI (adhastha) bar3ha cale kadama, saMyama - sAdhanA ke patha para... Page #14 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ Parima / zrI dayAnanda sarasvatI bhavana LECTCy. zrIvidyA samAdhi sAdhanA kakSa HT ENTENT Kamsung Chamadhan zrI vidyAsAgara paramArthika auSadhAlaya midalkalam RAKAR Down zrI mahAvIra di. jaina u.mA. vidyAlaya Tala A Page #15 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ dayodaya pazu sevA kendra, satanA neminAtha mahotsava ke avasara para ma.pra. vidhAna sabhA adhyakSa zrI IzvaradAsajI rohANIne padhArakara pUjya munizrI kI caraNa vandanA kI AzIrvAda svarUpa pustaka pradAna karate huye pUjya munizrI Feature 1tam Solah Mile-NAR HINAMA kalpadrama mahAmaMDala vidhAna AkarSaka mAMDane ke cAroM tarapha nRtya karatI huI bAlikAe~ -- HIDEVI Page #16 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ zvetAmbara jaina saMgha TrasTa dvArA pUjya munizrI ko savinaya AmaMtrita kara mahAvIra bhavana meM unake pravacanoM kA kAryakrama rakhA gyaa| haOOOOOK 245 nya pavananamAlA dipa pravacana mAlA papU munizrI pramANamAgarajI mahArAja divyopadeza dete huye| cAturmAsa kAla meM aneka pravacanamAlAo kA Ayojana huaa| zrotAoM kI apAra bhIr3a pratyeka pravacanamAlA meM akSara-akSara sunane ke liye umar3atI rhii| ' munikA gira jI D me . naminAtha mahAtmA kA zubhAraMbha jena dhvajArohaNa ke sAtha pRjya munizrI evaM Ada bhaiyA jI maMtroccAraNa karate hye| mitA: mara neminAtha mahAmastakAbhiSeka pa.pU. munizrI pramANasAgarajI zAnti maMtroM kA pATha kara rahe haiN| bA.ba. zrI azoka bhaiyAjI zAntidhArA karate huye| "hovai sArI prajA ko sukha balayuta ho dharmadhArI narezA" Page #17 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ nAmanAthamahAtmA (mahAAratI) pratidina zAma ko atyanta prabhAvanA ke sAtha hone vAlI mahAAratI jana-jana ke AkarSaNa kA kendra rhii| MAR ma hAsa' / mUlanAyaka tIrthakara zrI naminAtha ka mammukha mahAAratI karata haya bhAvibhora bhakta / pavananergermany Parmanan ent Libraining namikumAra vivAha cala samAroha 44 . nemikumAra vivAha cala samAroha Page #18 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ jana pratinidhi sammAna samArAha vitta maMtrI zrI rAghavajI, unake pIche satanA ke vidhAyaka zrI zaMkaralAla tivArI, rAmapura ke pUrva vidhAyaka zrI prabhAkara siMha, amarapATana nagara paMcAyata ke adhyakSa zrI AjAda jaina aura variSTha samAjasevI rASTrIya svayaM sevaka saMgha ke prAMtIya padAdhikArI zrI zrIkRSNajI mAhezvarI dikhAI de rahe haiN| sarvodaya vidvata magoSThI (04 09 04) maMcAsIna DaoN. ke. ela. jaina (jabalapura). rIvA vi. vi. ke kulapati DaoN. e. DI. ena. bAjapeyI, zrI ratanalAla bainADA. zrI mUlacanda luhADiyA, DaoN. nihAlacanda jaina Adi tIrthaMkara pArzvanAtha nirvANa divasa (22.08.04) zrI sammeda zikhara jI kI racanA karake suvarNabhadra kUTa meM prabhu pArzvanAtha ko virAjamAna kara abhiSeka aura pUjana kI taiyaarii| isa Ayojana meM prApta samasta rAzi ko tIrthakSetra kameTI ko bhejI gii| jana pratinidhi sammAna sabhA Page #19 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ mavodaya vidvata magAThI (04.09.04) maMcAsIna vidvatagaNa patrAMdagada mAra udghATana satra (sAmUhika citra) AmaMtrita vidvAnoM ke sAtha madhya meM hai avadheza pratAra siha vivi ke kulapati zrI ! dona vAjapayI Hosh manodaya timAhI (040404) sthAnIya vidvAna pa siddhArthajI kA sammAna 35 parvodaya vidana magANI Page #20 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ jaina yuvA sammalana matalA 2004 (12.09 04) jaina navayuvaka maMDala satanA ke sAthI joza aura utsAha se bharapUra / 1ta jaina yuvA sammelana (12 09 04) maheza vileharA (sAgara), ema ke jaina, jI ema bI esa ena ela > , dAdA pATIla jaina yuvA sammelana : satanA: 2004 (12.09 04) dUra-dUra se Aye yuvAoM ne sabhI kA dila jIta liyaa| jana yuvA sammelana deza ke kone-kone se padhAre maMcAsIna yuvA kAryakartA / mu Page #21 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ jaina yuvA sammelana (12.09.04) candrasena virATa, bhopAla f Aya jaina nava sa TIPE|| munizrApramANasAgara jI zrAvaka samaskAra zivira bA.bra. bhaiyA azoka jI zivirArthiyoM ko saMbodhita karate huye / Wo jaina yuvA sammelana (12 09 04) dAdA pATila kA sammAna karate huye zrI kailAzacanda jaina (adhyakSa) Helca jena makta ma YUAN jaina yuvA sammalana pUjya munizrI pramANasAgarajI mahArAja ne yuvAoM ko samAja hita ke liye eka sUtra meM ba~dhakara Aga netRtva saMbhAlana kA AhvAna kiyaa| Page #22 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ gamAyaNA gAnA jApatramA na sampUrNa acala meM dhUma macA dii| (bhavya pravezadvAra) yAjAnI (rAma yA gAtA anti W WW. rAmAyaNa-gItA jJAna varSA ., zrotAoM kI apAra bhIr3a mau .:. meher " 2017 Bai Page #23 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ rAmAyaNa-gItA jJAna varSA DaoN. bAjah (kalAti, rIgA vizvavidyAlaya) udabodhana dete huye| M Ji anaLE ...UR - - - - - gamAyagA-gItA jJAnavarSA samApana samAhAmA meM vibhinna mapadAyAM ke mahanta ra vidvAna ekatrita hye| gvAmI akhilazvagananta pravacana karate hy| ARREARRE / 'nizrI kA pada hasta' siMghaI jayakumAra kA Avazyaka nirdeza detu me pRjya munizrI pramANasAgajI mahArA LAL kalpadrama mahAmaMDala vidhAna ' dAnAcamadvAra dhuma dhanAnA ASH Page #24 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ - mAnamtaMbha kA mahAmastakAbhiSeka me - nagara gajaratha zobhA yAtrA ko 'Age-Age lejama lekara... nRtya karate huye jaina vidyAlaya ke yuvA bacce ARTY nagara gajaratha zAbhAyAtrA aisA bhavya julUsa matanA meM na pahale nikalA aura na nikalane kI nikaTa bhaviSya meM saMbhAvanA hai| nagara gajaratha yAtrA ka Page #25 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ nagara gajaratha yAtrA rIvA sabhAga ke kamiznara zrI rAva ko munizrI AzIrvAda dete hue| - weapon zrAvaka sarakAra zivira pAmUhika pUjana womewomepanemamam - sarodaya vidvAna magAThI. phirAjAbAda 12-14 akTUbara, 2002 sarvodaya vidvata saMgoSThI , phirojAbAda 12-14 akTUbara, 2002 Page #26 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ naminAtha mahotsava mAmkRtika kAryakrama ke antargata dvArikAdhIza mahArAja samudravijaya tathA mahAganI zivA devI apane rAjasI paridhAna aura parivAra mahinA M .. / 4. vie naminAtha mAnmara mAravAtira kAryakrama prabhu janmAnsata tamAzA hama bhI devaMga mAmendra apanI paTAnI zItala' sAtha lekara PATH F Awarenewar t ... . ja- pAmanana - matAdaya vidana magAmA Wik savAla Page #27 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ varSaL. 148 ) satanA jinAlaya sthApanA kA gauravazAlI // zrIneminAthAya namaH / / vande vidyAsAgaram PER 21, dariyAgaMja, deza tatvArthAsUtra-nikaSa (sadiya vivat saMgoSThI:satanA 4,5evaM 6 sitambara 2004) sAnidhya parama pUjya AcArya zrI 108 vidyAsAgara jI mahArAja ke AhvAnuvatI ziSya parama pUjya munizrI 108 pramANasAgara jI mahArAja sampAdaka DI. rAkeza jaina sarvodaya jaina vidyApITha, sAgara paM. nihAlacanda jaina sevAnivRtta prAcArya, bInA parAmarza sampAdaka prAcArya narendraprakAza jaina, phirojAbAda paM. mUlacandra luhAr3iyA, kizanagar3ha DaoN. zreyAMsakumAra jaina, baDauta prabandha sampAdaka siMghaI jayakumAra jaina (amarapATana vAle), satanA paM. siddhArthakumAra jaina, satanA sakala digambara jaina samAja, satanA (ma.pra.) Page #28 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ maMgala avasara ...pAvana varSAyoga. rASTrIya saMgoSThI pratipAdya viSaya sarvodaya vidvat saMgoSThI, phirojAbAda sarvodaya vidvat saMgoSThI, satanA prakAzana tithi lokArpaNa sthala prathamAvRtti mudaka mUlya : satanA jinAlaya sthApanA kA gauravazAlI 125 vA~ varSa : parama pUjya zrI 108 pramANasAgara jI mahArAja : pAvana varSAyoga, 2004 satanA 1 50 : AcArya umAsvAmI evaM unakA tattvArthasUtra : 12, 13, evaM 14 akTUbara 2002 : 4, 5 evaM 6 sitambara 2004 : 'jJAnakalyANaka' agahana kRSNa 11 / vIra nirvANa saMvat 2532, dinA~ka 27-11-2005, ravivAra : zrImajjinendra paMcakalyANaka mahotsava, kolakAtA : 1000 : vikAsa godhA, meM, vikAsa oNphaseTa, bhopAla. 5275658, 9425005624 = prakAzaka : zrI mahAvIra digambara jaina pAramArthika saMsthA, satanA Page #29 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ javAharalAla jaina nivartamAna adhyakSa sAdara / sasneha bheMTa AtmIya bandhuvara ! tattvArthasUtra saMgoSThI nikaSa vIra sevA basa, yahI kAmanA hai. eka bhAvanAtmaka bheMTa hai Apake liye. digambara jaina samAja satanA kI yaha bheMTa 'mA~ jinavANI ke caraNoM meM arpita eka manohArI suvAsita puSpaguccha' sadA-sadA Apake svAdhyAya ke liye upayogI aura Apake cintana-manana ke liye preraNA kA saMvAhaka bane kailAzacanda jaina adhyakSa / agara na0 ! pavana jaina maMtrI +4 siddhArtha jaina saMyojaka 7048 dariyAgaMja, dehalI siM. jayakumAra jaina saMyojaka 7 Page #30 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ zAntinAtha jinastavana racayitA : paM. zivacaraNalAla jaina, mainapurI samayatatvadarpaNaM vimuktimArgaghoSaNam / kapAyamohamocanaM, namAmi zAntijinavaram 112 // namAmi ...... sampUrNa padArthoM ko darpaNa ke samAna prakAzita karane vAle. mokSamArga ke praNetA eva mithyAtva va samasta kapAya eka mAha ke nAzaka zrI zAntinAdha jinendra ko maiM namaskAra karatA huuN| trilokavanyabhUSaNaM bhavAmdhinIrazoSaNama / jitendriyaM ajaM jinaM, namAmi zAntijinavaram // 2 // namAmi ...... jo triloka pUjya aura vizva ke AbhUSaNa hai, jo saMsAra rUpI mAgara ke jala ko sukhAne vAle hai arthAta pagAra - samudra se pAra utAgna bAle hai, indriyavijayI, Age janma-dhAraNa nahIM karane vAle aura karmazatruo ke vijetA hai una zAntinAtha tIrthakara prabhu ko meM praNAma karatA huuN| akhaNDakhaNDamuNadharaM, pracaNDakAmakhaNDanam / sumavyapanadinakara, namAmi zAntijinavaram / / 311 namAmi ...... akhaNDa aura khaNDa arthAta nizcaya vyavahAra rUpa se nirUpita kiye jAne vAle guNoM ke dhAraka, pracaNTa kAma kA nAza karane vAla tathA bhatryanIya mApI kamaloM ko vikasita, harSita karane meM sUrya svarUpa zAntinAtha jinabara ko meM namaskAra karatA hai| ekAntavAvamataharaM, susyAdvAdakauzalam / munIndra-vRnda-sevitaM, namAmi zAntijinavaram 1111 namAmi ...... ekAntavAda rUpI mithyAmatA ke nAzaka, myAdvAda mpI vacana kodAla ke dhArga, zreSTha muniyoM meM gAMvata zAntinAtha bhagavAna kA meM namana karatA hai / / nRpendracakamaNDanaM, prakarmacakra pUraNam / sudharmacakacAlakaM, namAmi zAntijinavaram / / 5 / / namAmi ...... jo zreSTha rAjA-samUha kA zobhAsvarUpa hai, utkRSTa rUpa se karmoM ko cakacara karane vAle hai, aura samIcIna dharmacakra ke cAlaka hai, una zAntiprabhu kA ma vandana karatA huuN| anyandhanagnakevalaM, vimomadhAmakesanam / anidhanapramajanaM, namAmi zAntijinavaram // // namAmi ...... sampUrNa parigraha se rahita, nagna svarUpa, kevalI bhagavAna mokSa-mahala ke dhvaja svarUpa tathA aniSTa pAparUpI maMdhoM ke lie pracaNDa pacana samAna zrI zAntinAtha bhagavAna ko praNAma ho| mahAzramaNamakizanaM,bhakAmakAmapadadharam / sutIrthakaroDaza, namAmi zAntijinavaram / / 7 / namAmi ...... jo zramaNoM meM mahAzramaNa haiM. mahAmuni hai, akiMcana hai. niSkAma bhAva se kAmadeva pada ke dhAraka hai. eba jo zreSTha molahaba tIthakara hai una zAntinAtha jinavara ko maiM praNAma karatA hai| mahAjadharaM baraM, dyaakssmaagunnaakrm| sIvAnavadharaM, namAni zAntijinavaram / / namAmi ...... zreSTha mahAghrata dhArI, dapA-kSamA Adi guNoM ke bhaNDAra tathA samyagdarzana-jJAna-cAritra ke dhAraka bhagavAna zAntinAtha ko meM namaskAra karatA haiM / / Page #31 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ 1. 2. 3. 4. anukramaNikA zAMtinAtha jina stavana sampAdaka kI kalama terA tujhako saupiyA, kyA rakhA hai moya munizrI 108 pramANasAgarajI mahArAja kA cAturmAsa : satanA kA saubhAgya munizrI pramANasAgarajI vyaktitva evaM kRtitva prAraMbhika vaktavya 5. 6. 7. pUjya A. vidyAsAgarajI ke vizeSa ciMtana 8. tatvArthasUtra ke kartA AcArya gRddhapiccha jIvana vRtta : 9. tatvArthasUtra kI vyAkhyAoM kA vaiziSTya 10. sampUrNa jainAgama kA sAra : tatvArthasUtra 11. ratnatraya kI vivecanA 12 tatvArthasUtra meM ratnatraya kI vivecanA 13. samyagdarzana kA svarUpa evaM sAdhana 14. tatvArthasUtra meM pramANa - naya mImAMsA 15 tatvArthasUtra meM jaina nyAyazAstra ke bIja 16. jIva ke asAdhAraNa bhAvoM kI vivecanA Adhunika saMdarbha meM 17. AcArya umAsvAmI kI dRSTi meM akAlamaraNa 18. bAyoTeknAlaoNjI, jeneTika iMjIniyarI evaM jIva vijJAna 19. bhUgola evaM khagola : tatvArtha sUtra ke saMdarbha meM 20. paudgalika skaMdhoM kA vaijJAnika vizleSaNa tatvArthasUtra meM varNita pudgala dravya 21 4. 23. 24. jaina darzana meM ajIba dravyoM kI vaijJAnikatA 'utpAdavyayazrI vyayuktaMsat' : eka vyAkhyA An Important Sources of Indian Law tatvArtha sUtra evaM bhAratIya daNDa vidhAna : eka vivecana 26. caina karma siddhAMta evaM Adhunika manovijJAna 27. karmAnava ke kAraNa eka UhApoha 25 paM. zivacaraNa lAla baina bra. DI. rAkeza jaina siM. jayakumAra jaina zrI pavana jaina paM. nihAla canda muni pramANa sAgara jI paM. ratanalAla bainAr3A zrI vijaya kumAra jaina bra. DI. rAkeza jaina DaoN. ke. ela. jaina paM. nirmala jaina DaoN. surezacaMda jaina paM. mUlacaMda luhAr3iyA DaoN. jayakumAra jaina DaoN. zItalacaMda jaina DaoN. kamaleza kumAra jaina DaoN. zreyAMza kumAra jaina pro. DaoN. azoka jaina paM. abhaya kumAra jaina zrI ajita kumAra jaina DaoN. kapUracaMda jaina paM. nihAlacaMda jaina DaoN. azoka jaina A Shri Suresh Jain, I.A.S. zrI anUpacaMda jaina eDa. pro. bhAgacaMda jaina 'bhAskara' DaoN. ratanacaMda jaina VII IX XII XV XVII 1 5 14 24 27 32 38 45 56 63 :gyy: : : : 8: 100 106 114 119 124 128 139 Page #32 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ 28. tasvArthasUtra ke AdhAra para puNya-pApa kI mImAMsA 29. tatvArthasUtra kA samAja zAstrIya adhyayana 30. sallekhanA : samAdhi bhAratIya daMDa vidhAna ke pariprekSya meM 31. tatvArthasUtra aura jIvana mUlya 32. paryAvaraNa saMrakSaNa meM jaina siddhAMtoM kI bhUmikA 33. jaina karmavAda tatvArthasUtra : 34. karma - baMdha kI prakriyA 35. dhyAna viSayaka mAnyatAoM kA samAyojana dhyAna kI vivecanA 36. 37. cetanA kA nirmalIkaraNa: saMvara aura nirbarA ke pariprekSya meM paM. mUlacaMda luhAr3iyA 38. asaMkhyAta guNazreNI nirjarA zrI siddhArtha kumAra jaina 39. mukta jIva evaM mokSa kA svarUpa 40. tatvArthasUtra meM strI mukti niSedha 41. zrI digambara jaina maMdira satanA evaM anya saMsthAeM : vikAsa ke krama meM 42. satanA ke zrI zAMtinAtha 43. zrI neminAtha mahotsava 44. sarvodaya vidvat saMgoSThI 45. saMgoSThI meM Agata vidvAnoM kI sUcI 46. zrAvaka saMskAra : jIvana kA AdhAra 47. jaina yuvA sammelana 48. rAmAyaNa - gItA jJAnavarSA 49. adbhuta nagara gajaratha yAtrA 50. khajurAho : pArzvanAtha maMdira kA zilAlekha 51. satanA jilA purAtAtvika saMdarbha meM 52. jitanI prAcIna satanA kI vikAsa yAtrA : paM. zivacaranalAla jaina DaoN. nIlama jaina zrI anUpacaMda jaina eDa. DaoN. surendra kumAra jaina 'bhAratI' zrI sureza jaina, AI.e.esa. pro. lakSmIcaMda jaina bra. bineza jaina DaoN. phUlacaMda jaina 'premI' paM. zivacaranalAla jaina lagabhaga utanA prAcIna digambara jaina maMdira 53. digambara jaina samAja satanA ke gaurava puruSa / mahilAeM 54. samaya ke amara zilAlekha paM. ratanalAla bainAr3A pro. ratanacaMda jaina zrI rAjendra jaina pro. subhASa jaina siM. jayakumAra jaina zrI siddhArtha jaina zrI pramoda jaina zrI avinAza jaina paM. nihAlacaMda jaina zrI saMdIpa jaina pro. kamalApati jaina 145 152 161 169 180 184 190 196 204 212 218 224 231 236 241 243 247 252 253 256 259 262 264 265 268 269 271 Page #33 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ sampAdaka kI kalama se... jainAgama meM saMskRta - sUtroM meM nibaddha 'tattvArthasUtra' apara nAma mokSazAstra grantha ke kattI AcArya umAsvAmI haiM, jinheM digambara paramparA meM gRbdapicchAcArya ke nAma se bhI jAnA jAtA hai| tattvArtha sUtrakarttAraM gRdhrapicchopalakSitaM / yaha jainadarzana kA prathama saMskRta bhASA kA Agama grantha hai, jisameM cAroM anuyoga samAhita haiN| bhaktAmarastotra ke sAtha zrAvakajana isakA nitya pATha karate haiN| isase isakI jaina vADmaya meM mahattA kA patA calatA hai| ye donoM, digambara aura zvetAmbara sampradAya meM samAna rUpa se pracalita haiN| isa grantha ke dasa adhyAyoM meM jIvAdi sAta tattvoM kA varNana 357 sUtroM meM nibaddha hai| isakI pUrvAcAryoM ne kaI TIkAe~ likhI, jisameM AcArya pUjyapAda kI 'sarvArthasiddhi' TIkA kAphI vikhyAta eva prAcIna hai / pUjya muni zrI pramANasAgara jI jainadarzana ke marmajJa sata haiN| san 2000 meM Apake sAnnidhya meM TI TI nagara bhopAla me bhaktAmarastotra para eka rASTrIya vidvatsaMgoSThI kA saphala Ayojana huaa| isase prerita hokara Apake AzIrvAda se jaina samAja phirojAbAda ne varSAyoga 2003 meM tattvArthasUtra para eka vidvatsagoSTI kA gauravapUrNa Ayojana vidvatpravara prAcArya narendraprakAza jI ke nirdezana meM sampanna kraayaa| usa saMgoSTI se yaha bAta khulAsA huI ki isa grantha meM itane sAre viSaya hai ki unheM eka sagoSTI meM sameTa pAnA sambhava nahIM hai, astu satanA ke varSAyoga 2004 meM ApakA AzIrvAda prAptakara digambara jaina samAja satanA ne isa kArya ko aura Age bar3hAyA tathA eka vRhad rASTrIya vidvatsaMgoSThI kA Ayojana 4 se 6 sitambara 04 meM kiyA gyaa| jisakA uttaradAyitva varSAyoga samiti ke do padAdhikAriyoM ne vizeSa rUpa se liyA, jo vidvAna aura Agamacintaka manISI haiN| ve haiM - 1. pa. siddhArthakumAra jaina, suputra vidvatpravara pa. jaganmohanalAla zAstrI evaM 2. siM. bhAI jayakumAra jI Apa samAja meM yazaH pratiSThita evaM maulika cintana ke dhanI haiN| ukta donoM ke kuzala nirdezana meM deza ke lagabhaga 30 mUrdhanya vidvAnoM ne saMgoSTI meM apanI upasthiti aura sahabhAgitA kI tathA tattvArthasUtra ke vibhinna adhyAyoM se sambaddha zodhAlekhoM kI prastutiyA~ dii| jisase grantha kI lokopayogitA vibhinna AyAmoM para - Page #34 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ tasvArthasUna-nikava / VIII pukhara huii| isase adbhuta bAta yaha huI ki tIna dina ke 8 satro me zrI pramANasAgara jI ne apane magala pravacano ke mAdhyama se pratyeka zodhAleva kI eka niSpakSa samIkSA prastuta kii| sampUrNa kAryakrama pUrNa AdhyAtmika vAtAvaraNa meM sampanna huaa| donoM saMgoSThI ke saMyukta zodhapatroM ke prakAzana kI yojanA bnii| saMgoSThI ke udaghATana satra ke mukhya atithi avadhezapratApasiMha vizvavidyAlaya rIvA ke kulapati mAnanIya DaoN. e. ena. DI. vAjapeyI kI upasthiti ne isake sArvabhaumika svarUpa ko eka khulA nimantraNa diyA, jo saMyama sAdhaka puruSa haiN| isI prakAra saMgoSThI kA samApana satra ujjaina ke variSTha sAhityakAra eva manISI DaoN rAmamUrti tripAThI kI adhyakSatA meM sampanna haa| ApakA vidvattA pUrNa bhASaNa sagoSTI ko eka prazasta tilaka svarUpa thaa| vidvAnoM ke ina zodhAlekhoM ke prakAzana kI yojanA jaina samAja satanA ne banAyI hai aura ise pustakAkAra rUpa meM prakAzita kara satanA varSAyogA ke avismaraNIya kSaNo ko bhI sAtha me samAyojita kara denA prastAvita huA / satanA meM pUjya muni zrI kA varSAyoga kaI mAyano me abhUtapUrva rhaa| isake viSaya meM pRthak-pRthak riporTasa pIche dI hI haiN| tatvArvasUtra-nikA (satanA varSAyoga smArikA 2004) vastuta munizrI ke abhinava vyaktitva kI yazogAthA kA dhavala akSata hai, jise prakAzita karake digambara jaina samAja ne apanA mahanIya gaurava bar3hA liyA isameM zodhAlekhoM kA krama tattvArthasUtra ke adhyAya krama ke anusAra nibabda hai| ise kisI anya vikalpa se mukta svA gayA hai / yadyapi koziza to kI baI hai ki pratyeka adhyAya kI viSayavastu ko rapaSTa karane vAle zodhapatra hoN| jahA~ pUrti na ho sakI, ve sthala kama hI hai aura unakI pUrti kara pAnA sAmayika paristhitiyoM meM sabhava hI nahI thaa| . saMgoSThI me vidvAno ne apanI prakhara medhA ke sAtha zodhapatro kA vAcana va vimarza me jisa utsAha eva gaurava ke sAtha sahabhAgitA dikhAI thI, usI kA pariNAma hai ki yaha smArikA isa ravarUpa ko prApta huii| hama AThAta vidvajjana ke prati hArdika sAdhuvAda jJApita karanA cAhate hai / sAtha hI satanA ke vibhinna sayojako ke prati bhI AbhAra prakaTa karanA kartavya hai, jinake ki samAcAraparaka Alekha isa smArikA meM sthAna pA ske| isa smArikA meM jo kucha bhI acchA hai vaha munizrI pramANasAgara jI kI kRpA.va anukampA hai aura jo truTipUrNa raha gayA, vaha sampAdakoM kI alpajJatA hai| isa bhAvanA ke sAtha munizrI ke caraNoM meM savinaye nmo'stu| #. rAkeza mIna evaM prAcArya nihAlacanda jaina Page #35 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ terA tujhako saupiyA, kyA rAkhA hai moya varSa 2004, sambhavata: maI mahine kA antima saptAha thA vaha / parama pUjya munirAja zrI 108 pramANasAgara jI mahArAja jabalapura meM virAjamAna the| unake pravacanoM kI anugUMja jabalapura se lagabhaga 200 ki. mI dUra satanA meM bhI sunAI de rahI thii| satanA se bhAvuka bhaktoM kA eka dala vizeSa basa lekara jabalapura ravAnA huaa| ina logoM ne rAtri vizrAma zrI bahorIbanda jI kSetra meM kiyA / maiM Trena se sIdhe jabalapura pahuMca gayA thaa| dUsare dina mAnasa bhavana meM parama pUjya munizrI kA pravacana thA rAmAyaNa para / zrotAoM kI apAra bhIr3a, jitane zrotA haoNla ke andara the, usase kahIM jyAdA bAhara khar3e hokara lAiva TelIkAsTa ke mAdhyama se pravacana suna rahe the| pravacana ke pUrva hI bAhara se Aye zrAvakoM ko avasara milA pUjya muni zrI ke caraNoM meM zrIphala bheMTa karane kA / jaba satanA kA nAma pukArA gayA to zrI kailAzacanda jI sahita zrI nirmala jI, zrI pramoda jI, maiM tathA zrImatI kailAzacanda jI hI sabhAkakSa meM khar3e najara aaye| bahorIbanda se prAta: calI basa panAgara ke pAsa jAma lagane ke kAraNa jabalapura dera se pahu~ca sakI thii| hama sabhI ne pUjya muni zrI ke caraNoM meM zrIphala bheMTa karate huye pUjya gurudeva se satanA meM cAturmAsa karane kA anurodha kiyaa| isa bIca zrI kailAzacanda jI ne maMca saMcAlaka se kahakara mujhe mAika se bolane kA avasara pradAna karA diyaa| itane bar3e janasamUha ke samakSa bolane kA yaha mere liye prathama avasara thaa| zAntinAtha prabhu ko mana hI mana praNAma kara maiMne macAsIna munidvaya ko namo'stu karate hue nivedana kiyA ki - he parama pUjya gurudeva ! 1998 meM Apake paga-vihAra ne satanA kI dharatI ko pavitra kiyA thaa| Apake usa pravAsa ne sampUrNa nagara ko mahimAmaNDita kiyA aura jIvana jIne kI kalA sikhAI thii| 6 varSoM se hajAroM A~kheM ApakI pratIkSA meM haiN| 'he pUjya munivara ! maiM satanA jaina samAja sahita satanA ke sampUrNa nAgarikoM kI ora se sAdara prArthanA karatA hU~ ki isa varSa cAturmAsa kAla meM satanA nagara ko dhanya karane kI kRpA kreN|' maiMne apanI bAta ina zabdoM ke sAtha samApta kI - 'na alphAja hama do zanA jAnatA hU~ na dilacaspa tarje bayA~ jAnatA hai, merI bandagI hai isI meM ki, tumako khudA jAnatA hU~, khudA mAnatA huuN| upasthita hajAroM logoM ne tAliyoM kI gaDagaDAhaTa ke sAtha merI bAta kA samarthana kiyA to mere mana meM kahIM kucha lagA ki 'tujhako terA prAptavya prApta hogaa|' AhAra ke uparAnta pUjya muni zrI jaba apanI vasatikA (DI. ena. jaina kaoNleja) padhAre to satanA ke zeSa sAthI zrAvaka-zrAvikAe~ bhI padhAra cuke the| maiMne pUjya muni zrI ko satanA jaina mandira kI sthApanA aura bhUlanAyaka tIrthaMkara zrI Page #36 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ neminAtha svAmI ke jinabimba kI paMcakalyANaka pratiSThA ke 125 veM varSa kI jAnakArI dI aura puna: sAgraha anurodha kiyA ki 'he munirAja! hama sabhI yaha Ayojana ApakI sannidhi aura Apake mArgadarzana meM hI karanA cAhate haiN|' pUjya muni zrI yaha sunakara prasanna huye| unhoMne anya jAnakAriyA~ cAhIM jo maiMne unheM vahIM pradAna kii| satanA samAja kA puNya pratiphalita huA aura 2 julAI 04 ko prAta: maMgalabelA meM pUjya munizrI kA nagara praveza atyanta dhUmadhAma se huaa| 04 julAI ko madhyAhna meM cAturmAsa sthApanA kA kAryakrama thaa| dUra-dUra se zraddhAluoM kI bhIDa umar3a pdd'ii| satanA ke nAgarika to na jAne kaba se isa zubha ghar3I kI mAno pratIkSA hI kara rahe the / pahile dina se hI pUjya muni zrI ne jinAlaya sthApanA aura mUlanAyaka tIrthaMkara zrI 1008 neminAtha svAmI jinabimba pratiSThApanA ke 125 veM varSa samAroha meM apanI ruci pradarzita kI aura apanA mArgadarzana pradAna kiyaa| unhoMne ise 'neminAtha mahotsava' kA nAma dekara isa Ayojana ko eka virATa svarUpa pradAna kiyaa| cAturmAsa me hone vAle sabhI Ayojana neminAtha mahotsava' ke aMga mAne gye| yaha merA saubhAgya thA ki mujhe 'neminAtha mahotsava' aura sarvodaya vidvat saMgoSThI' ke sayojana kA bhAra sauMpA gayA / devAdhideva zrI 1008 neminAtha prabhu ke caraNoM kI kRpA, parama pUjya zrI 108 pramANasAgara jI mahArAja kA AzIrvAda evaM mArgadarzana, Ao bAla brahmacArI zrI azoka bhaiyA jI kA nirdezana tathA sakala digambara jaina samAja ke sakriya sahayoga ke pariNAma svarUpa samasta kAryakrama AzAtIta DhaMga se susampanna hue / A0 zrI azoka bhaiyA jI ke kuzala nirdezana kA hI yaha prabhAva thA ki neminAtha mahotsava janamAnasa kI smRtiyoM meM sadA ke liye aMkita ho gayA hai / neminAtha mahotsava kI saMyojana samiti meM mujhe zrI pramoda jaina (arihanta gAramenTsa) tathA zrI saMdIpa jaina (avantI phArmA) kA vizeSa sahayoga prApta huA, jisake liye maiM unake prati AbhArI huuN| isa Ayojana hetu gaThita vibhinna upasamitiyoM ke mAdhyama se anekoM bhAI-bahinoM ne pUrNa samarpaNa bhAva se sakriya rahakara mahotsava ko saphala banAyA, una sabhI ke prati bhI maiM AbhAra vyakta karatA hai / jaina navayuvaka maMDala, jaina mahilA klaba, jaina bAlikA klaba aura zrI mahAvIra digambara jaina u0 mA0 vidyAlaya ke zikSaka bandhuoM sahita nanheM-munne bAlaka-bAlikAoM ne bhI apanA jo aMzadAna diyA usake liye merA hRdaya gadgad hai| zabdoM ke mAdhyama se unake prati AbhAra vyakta karanA saMbhava nhiiN| sarvodaya vidvat saMgoSThI ke susaMcAlana hetu prArambha se hI bhAI zrI siddhArthakumAra jI kA sahayoga prApta hotA rhaa| unake prati AbhAra vyakta karake maiM apane prAptavya ko kama nahIM karanA caahtaa| AvAsa vyavasthA ko ci. anAga aura ci. varddhamAna ne jisa taraha se saMbhAlA usakI Agata sabhI atithi vidvAnoM ne bhUri-bhUri sarAhanA kii| inake sAtha-sAtha vratI-tyAgI vyavasthA, bhojana vyavasthA, svAgata vyavasthA, maMca vyavasthA tathA vidvAna sammAna evaM vidAI vyavasthA meM jina-jina mahAnubhAvoM ne apanA sahayoga pradAna kiyA hai una sabhI ke prati AbhAra prakaTa karanA merA kartavya hai| neminAtha mahotsava sahita sarvodaya vidvata saMgoSThI meM padhAre sabhI zreSThi janoM, vidvAnoM, zraddhAlu sAdharmI bhAI-bahinoM ke prati bhI maiM zraddhAnata huuN| - saMgoSThI ke zubhArambha hetu mukhya atithi ke rUpa meM sammAnanIya zrI DaoN. e. DI. ena. vAjapeyI, kulapati kaptAna avadhezapratApasiMha vizvavidyAlaya, rIvA tathA samApana satra ke mukhya atithi ke rUpa meM zrI DaoN. rAmamUrti tripAThI, vikrama Page #37 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ XI / tasvArthasUtra-nika vizvavidyAlaya, ujjaina ne padhArakara sampUrNa Ayojana ko jo garimA aura arthavattA pradAna kI, usake liye maiM uparyuk manISiyoM ke prati bahuta - bahuta AbhArI hU~ / sarvodaya vidvat saMgoSThI ke samApana satra meM samAja ke maMtrI zrI pavana jaina ne samAja ke isa saMkalpa kI ghoSaNA kI ki 'phirojAbAda meM sampanna prathama saMgoSThI sahita satanA saMgoSThI ke niSkarSo ko satanA samAja prakAzita karAyegI' kA sabhI ne svAgata kiyA thaa| yaha eka bar3A bhArI uttaradAyitva thA, jise satanA jaina samAja ne aMgIkAra karate hue usake prabandhana kA bhAra mujhe aura bhAI siddhArtha jI ko sauNpaa| prastuta tattvArthasUtra- nikaSa vastuta: AdaraNIya brahmacArI zrI rAkeza bhaiyA jI ke athaka zrama kA hI pratiphala hai| sammAnanIya prAcArya zrI nihAlacanda jI bInA ke sAtha rAkeza bhaiyA jI ne ise saMyojita kiyA, mudraNa kI truTiyoM ko parimArjita kiyA aura sajA-saMvArakara ise saMgrahaNIya rUpa meM Apake samakSa prastuta kiyA hai / digambara jaina samAja satanA kI ora se maiM unake prati praNati nivedita karatA hU~ / deza ke zIrSastha vidvAnoM ne apanA bahumUlya samaya pradAna kara saMgoSThI meM apanI upasthiti aMkita kI / unhoMne tatvArtha sUtra ke agAdha sindhu meM gote lagAkara jina maNi muktAoM ko sameTA, unheM kAgaja meM apane gahana cintana sahita aMkita kara saMgoSThI me unakA vAcana kiyA thaa| vidvAn saMpAdaka dvaya ne prApta AlekhoM meM se sarvazreSTha AlekhoM ko Apake ,cintana aura manana ke lie ise puSpaguccha ke rUpa meM prastuta kiyA hai| parama pUjya munirAja zrI 108 pramANasAgara jI mahArAja kI sAragarbhita TippaNiyoM ne isa puSpaguccha ko aura aura suvAsita kiyA hai| adhyayana, hameM vizvAsa hai ki sudhI vidvadgaNoM ke gahana cintana se maMDita yaha tattvArthasUtra nikaSa sarvasAdhAraNa ke liye amRtapeya jaisA to hogA hI, jinavANI kI sevA meM rata samasta tyAgI - vratiyoM aura mahAvratiyoM ke bIca bhI AdaraNIya aura sagrahaNIya grantha ke rUpa meM sthAna prApta karegA / sandarbhagrantha ke rUpa meM ise uddhRta kiyA jAyegA, maiM aisA bhI vizvAsa karatA hU~, mujhe apanI alpajJatA kA bhAna hai| apanI kSamatAoM se bhI maiM anajAna nahIM, isaliye isa tattvArthasUtra nikaSa meM Apako jahA~ kahIM kucha vizRMkhalita/visaMyojita lage usa sabakI jimmedArI merii| phUla-phUla Apa cuneM, kaoNToM para haka merA hai| aura anta meM, parama pUjya gurudeva zrI 108 pramANasAgara jI mahArAja ko traikAlika namo'stu kI, jinakI kRpA ke binA yaha saba kucha honA duSkara thA, sahita devAdhideva zrI 1008 neminAtha svAmI ke zrI caraNoM meM koTi-koTi namana karate huye isa kRti ko prabhu ke zrI caraNoM meM arpita karatA hU~, isa bhAvanA ke sAtha ki - 'terA tujhako sauMpiyA kyA rakhA hai moya' siMghaI jayakumAra jaina, amarapATana vAle saMyojaka - neminAtha mahotsava evaM sarvodaya vidvat saMgoSThI (me. anurAga TreDarsa, satanA) Page #38 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ tasvArthasUsa nika/XH saciva kI kalama se ..... muni zrI 108 pramANasAgara jI kA cAturmAsa : satanA kA saubhAgya 2 julAI 2004 kA vaha pAvana dina jaba parama pUjya 108 pramANasAgara jI mahArAja ke caraNa satanA kI dharA para par3e / pUjya muni zrI ke caraNa satanA meM kyA par3e, nagara ke hara sampradAya ke logoM ke AcaraNa badala gaye / 4 julAI ko cAturmAsa kI sthApanA huii| cAturmAsa ke 4 mAha evaM satanA vAloM kI bhakti bhAvanA ke phalasvarUpa bonasa ke rUpa meM eka mAha kA sAnidhya aura prApta huaa| parama pUjya muni zrI ke sAnnidhya meM pUre cAturmAsa meM aneka prabhAvaka Ayojana sampanna huye| inameM itihAsa ke sunahare pRSThoM para aMkita hone vAle kucha AyojanoM kA vivaraNa prastuta karane kA lobha saMvaraNa hama nahIM kara pA 2 julAI ko mAgamana - 2 julAI ke dina jaba maihara mArga se pUjya muni zrI ke caraNa satanA kI ora bar3ha rahe the to unakI agavAnI kA ullAsa dekhate hI banatA thaa| samAja ke pratyeka nara-nArI kezariyA~ dhvaja liye zveta/kezariyA~ vastroM meM 108 kalaza liye mahilAe~, AkarSaka saMgIta maNDalI evaM gAje-bAje ke sAtha bhavya agavAnI meM zAmila the| 2. cAturmAsa kalaza sthApanA - pUjya muni zrI se 4 julAI ko nagara ke sabhI sampradAyoM ke pramukha logoM ne caraNoM meM zrIphala arpita kara cAturmAsa kA nivedana kiyaa| taduparAnta pUjya muni zrI dvArA dhArmika kriyAoM ko sampanna kara sabhI nagaravAsiyoM ko cAturmAsa satanA meM karane kA vacana diyaa| 3. manUThI pravacanamAlAeM - cAturmAsa ke daurAna samaya-samaya para vibhinna sama-sAmayika viSayoM para Ayojita kI gaI pravacanamAlA nagara ke logoM kI smRtiyoM para sadaiva aMkita rhegii| jaina sampradAya se jyAdA jainetara bandhu niyamita zravaNapAna karane Ate the| pUjya muni zrI kI adbhuta vaktRtva kalA svata: hI zrotAoM ko bAdha letI hai / aneka logoM ke AcaraNa meM badalAva pravacanamAlA kI bahuta bar3I upalabdhi hai| neminAtha mahotsava - yaha eka sukhada saMyoga rahA ki satanA jinAlaya ne isa varSa apane 124 varSa pUrNa kara 125 vA~ varSa samAroha pUrvaka mnaayaa| 1008 bhagavAna neminAtha mahotsava ke sabhI kAryakrama pUjya muni zrI ke sAnnidhya meM atyanta bhavya rUpa se sampanna huye / mahotsava saMyojaka zrI siM. jayakumAra jI ke samarpaNa ke liye maiM AbhAra vyakta karatA huuN| 5. akhila bhAratIya vidvat saMgoSThI - pUjya muni zrI ke sAnnidhya me satanA nagara ke logoM ko deza ke agraNI paMkti ke vidvAnoM ke zodha, pUjya umAsvAmI dvArA racita tattvArthasUtra para sunane ko mile| isa saMgoSThI meM prAcArya narendraprakAza jaina phirojAbAda, zrI mUlacanda luhAr3iyA kizanagar3ha, zrI ratanalAla bainAr3A AgarA, zrI zivacaraNalAla jI mainapurI, pro0 lakSmIcanda jaina jabalapura, zrI zreyAnsakumAra jaina bar3auta Adi aneka vidvat varga kA sAnnidhya prApta huaa| siM. jayakumAra jI evaM zrI siddhArtha jI ne saMgoSThI ko saphalatA kI U~cAI pradAna kii| ApakI mehanata ko hama namana karate haiN| janapratinidhi sammAna samAroha- cAturmAsa ke daurAna zrI rAghava jI (vittamaMtrI. ma. pra. zAsana), nareza divAkara (vidhAyaka, siknI), omaprakAza sakalecA (vidhAyaka), alakA jaina (pUrvamaMtrI, vidhAyaka), sudhA jaina (vidhAyaka), Adi janapratinidhiyoM ke sammAna kA avasara prApta huaa| 1.bhAvakasaMskAra zivira - pUjya muni zrI ke sAnnidhya meM pardUSaNa parva ke daurAna zrAvaka saMskAra zivira kA Page #39 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ 'IE - nikaSa Ayojana kiyA gyaa| isa zivira ke saMyojana kA bhAra zrI pramoda jaina para thA, jise unhoMne bakhUbI saMbhAlA 1 3. prathama jaina yuvA sammelana taruNAI kI UrjA kA sRjanAtmaka prayoga karane ke uddezya se pUre deza meM prathama bAra satanA nagara meM jaina yuvAoM ko saMgaThita kara unheM eka sUtra meM pirone kA kArya pUjya muni zrI kI preraNA se hI huaa| jaina navayuvaka maMDala satanA ke tattvAvadhAna meM sampanna isa yuvA sammelana meM pUre deza se 1200 yuvAoM ne sahabhAgitA nibhAI evaM nirdhArita kiye gaye uddezyoM kI prApti hetu saMkalita huye| sammelana kI saphalatA meM yuvA sammelana ke saMyojaka dIpaka jaina, avinAza jaina evaM jaina navayuvaka maMDala ke sabhI sadasyoM kA prayAsa ullekhanIya hai / 9. rAmAyaNa - gItA jJAnavarSA - nagara meM yaha prathama avasara thA jaba digambara jaina muni kA koI kAryakrama jaina samAja ke alAvA kisI anya sasthA dvArA Ayojita kiyA gayA ho| pA~ca divasIya yaha bhavya kAryakrama nagara kI sakriya saMsthA bhArata vikAsa pariSada dvArA Ayojita kiyA gyaa| deza meM prathama bAra rAmAyaNa aura gItA para sArvajanika rUpa se kisI jaina santa ne pravacana dekara jaina zAstro ko sAkSya rUpa meM prastuta kiyaa| isa Ayojana meM apAra jainetara janasamUha muni zrI kI vANI ko sunakara muni zrI kA bhakta bana gyaa| sampUrNa deza meM isa Ayojana kI sarAhanA huii| isa parikalpanA ke sayojaka zrI iMjI0 uttama banarjI, zrI umeza tAmrakAra eva zrI jitendra jaina (jhAsI) ke zrama kI maiM sarAhanA karatA huuN| 10. kalpadruma mahAmaNDala vidhAna - 17 navambara se 27 navambara taka Ayojita kalpadruma mahAmaNDala vidhAna kaI vizeSatAoM ke sAtha sampanna huA / mandira prAgaNa se lekara samAroha sthala taka pUrA zahara rozanI se jagamaga hotA rahA / sudhIra jaina eNDa pArTI sAgara ke saMgIta ne bhakti kI UrjA ko bar3hAyA, rAtri me rAjendra jaina umaragA kI AkarSaka prastuti bhI manamohaka rahI / pA~ca-pA~ca hAthiyoM para savAra hokara nikalane vAlI 'mahAAratI' apane ApameM manamohaka thI 1 27 navambara ko nagara me prathama nagara gajaratha yAtrA kI smRti nagaravAsiyo ko tAumra rhegii| jinendraprabhu ke 22 phiTa U~ce ratha ko khIcate gaja aura ratha ke Age calate pUjya muni zrI jI, aneka kalAkRti, udghoSo kA ghoSa, mAno aisA laga rahA thA ki nagarI sAkSAt samavasaraNa meM parivartita ho gayI hai| jo bhAgyazAlI loga isa rathayAtrA ke sAkSI rahe unhe yaha rathayAtrA kisI camatkAra se kama nahIM lgii| isa kAryakrama ke sayojaka saMdIpa jaina ne jisa kuzalatA se sampUrNa kAryakrama kA sayojana kiyA vaha saphalatA kA paryAya bana gyaa| bhAI sadIpa ko bahuta-bahuta saadhuvaad| 11. picchikA parivartana samAroha - cAturmAsa ke antima caraNa meM 28 navambara ko sayama kI pratIka picchikA parivartana kA kAryakrama huaa| pUre deza se padhAre zreSThIjanoM ke bIca pUjya muni zrI ne mArmika udbodhana meM sabhI ko saMyama grahaNa karane kI preraNA dii| 12. ahiMsA sadbhAva padayAtrA aura dekhate hI dekhate pUjya muni zrI ke maMgala vihAra kI tithi 2 disambara nakaTa A gii| pUjya muni zrI jI ne apane caraNa bar3hAye to sabhI kI A~kheM nama thIM, bojhila mana se muni zrI ke sAtha aneka loga isa padayAtrA meM zAmila huye| satanA nagara ke do pratiSThita parivAra abhaya jaina, avaMtI parivAra evaM rAjakumAra jaina gullI ne milakara ahiMsA sadbhAva padayAtrA ke dAyitva nirvahana kI jimmedArI lii| hama unake bhAgya kI sarAhanA karate haiM 1 muni zrI ke sAtha sammeda zikhara jI kI pada yAtrA karate huye pUre samaya vaiyAvRtti karane kA saubhAgya pradIpa jaina ko milA, hama unake sAhasa evaM saMkalpa kI sarAhanA karate haiN| padayAtrA saMgha ke saMghapati samAja adhyakSa zrI kailAzacanda jI eva anya padayAtrI bandhuoM ko bhI hama dhanyavAda dete haiN| Page #40 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ tasvArthama-nikAya/ TV cAturmAsa ke daurAna sampUrNa deza se nirantara viziSTa janoM kA Agamana muni zrI ke darzanoM ke lie hotA rhaa| zrI azoka pATanI kizanagar3ha, zrI prabhAta jaina kannauja, zrI hIrAlAla bainAr3A, zrI DaoN. e. DI. ena. vAjapeyI kulapati kaptAna avadhezapratApasiMha vizvavidyAlaya rIvA, zrI rAdhava jI, svAmI akhilezvasanandagiri jI, bAbA IzvarazAha hare mAdhava kaTanI, zrI nareza divAkara evaM omaprakAza sakalecA vidhAyaka, zrImatI alakA jaina tatkAlIna zikSAmaMtrI madhyapradeza, zrI jIbana dAdA pATila sAMgalI, zrI ema. ke. jaina jI. ema. bI. esa. ena. ela., zrI RSabha divAkara atirikta pulisa mahAnirdezaka, zrI subhASa jaina evaM zrI ratIlAla mumbaI Adi aneka viziSTajanoM kA sAnnidhya satanA jaina samAja ko prApta huaa| cAturmAsa kA pratyeka dina tyauhAra kA dina pratIta hotA thA / bIca-bIca meM kaI preraNAdAyI kAryakrama anya bandhuoM/samAjoM ne bhI kiye| zvetAmbara samAja meM pravacana, kRSNa janmASTamI para zrI govinda bar3eriyA jI dvArA amRta vATikA meM pravacana kA Ayojana aadi| zrI zaMkaralAla jI tAbakAra, zrI zrIkRSNa jI mAhezvarI, DaoN. lAlatAprasAda khare, pro0 satyendra zarmA, zrI atula dube eDavo., zrI ajaya dvivedI Adi mahAnubhAvoM ne cAturmAsa kAla me apanA pUrNa sahayoga pradAna kiyaa| maiM samAja kI ora se unake prati bhI AbhAra vyakta karatA hai| vaise to satanA nagara ko pUrva meM bhI pUjya sAdhujanoM kA cAturmAsa karAne kA saubhAgya prApta hotA rahA hai| kintu pUjya muni zrI 108 pramANasAgara jI kA cAturmAsa satanA nagara meM jisa apUrva prabhAvanA ke sAtha-sAtha jainetara samAja meM amiTa chApa chor3akara gayA hai vaha nagara ko sadaiva yAda rhegaa| cAturmAsa kI saphalatA meM vaise to samAja ke pratyeka mara-nArI kA sahayoga rahA hai phira bhI isa avasara para cAturmAsa saMyojaka zrI abhayakumAra jaina avatI, sahasayojaka rAjakumAra jI gallI, AvAsa saMyojaka pIyUSa jaina lappa, avinAza jaina, bhojanavyavasthA saMyojaka prabhAta jaina utsava, sunIla jaina, zailendra jaina dhArmika kAryakrama Ayojana sayojaka pramoda jaina, pracAra-prasAra saMyojaka Ananda jaina, vizeSa kAryakrama Ayojana hetu sva0 zrI zazAMka jaina evaM zrI ajaya jaina, surakSA vyavasthA sayojaka zrI pappU rahalI eva satendra jaina, iMjIniyara rameza jaina, nandana jaina amarapATana tathA pI. ke. jaina kA maiM vizeSa AbhArI huuN| sthAnAbhAva ke kAraNa yahA~ sabhI bandhuoM kA nAma denA pAnA sambhava nahIM hai / maiM jAnatA hU~ ki bahuta se bandhu jinakA nAma kisI bhI kameTI meM nahIM rahA phira bhI parde ke pIche rahakara bhI unhoMne athaka mehanata karake cAturmAsa kI saphalatA meM sahayoga diyA hai| maiM aise sabhI bandhuoM kA hRdaya se AbhAra vyakta karatA hai| anta meM sabhI sthAnIya saMgaThanoM jaina klaba, jaina navayuvaka maMDala, mahilA klaba, bAlikA balaba sahita zrI digambara jaina uccatara mAdhyamika vidyAlaya ke chAtra-chAtrAoM evaM sTApha kA AyojanoM meM sahayoga dene ke lie dhanyavAda dete huye apanI kalama ko virAma detA huuN| maMtrI, zrI digambara jaina samAja, satanA (me. pavana TreDiMga kaM. satanA) Page #41 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ munizrI pramANasAgara jI : vyaktitva evaM kRtitva ...... muni zrI pramANasAgara jI jainAgama ke aise satyAnveSI digambara santa haiM, jinakI dainikacaryA kA bahubhAga adhyayana/ manana/cintana/zodhaparaka sRjana ke liye samarpita rahatA hai| 'jainadharma aura darzana' ApakI prathama bahucarcita maulika kRtti ne jahA~ Apake lekhanIya karma ko svayaM ke nAma kI sArthakatA se jor3a diyA hai, vahIM 'jainatattvavidyA' ne Agama ke samundara ko bU~da meM samAhita karane kA bhAgIrathI prayAsa kiyA hai| ina donoM kRtiyoM ne pUrva kI AdhyAtmika saMskRti ko Adhunika vaijJAnika saMskRti se jor3ane kA eka abhinava kArya kiyA hai| munizrI pramANasAgara jI mahArAja, jainAgama ke Aloka loka ke dhuvanakSatra, santa ziromaNi AcArya zrI vidyAsAgara jI mahArAja ke prajJAvAna ziSyoM meM se eka haiN| apanI alpavaya meM jJAna aura vairAgya ke prazasta pathAnugAmI bana antaryAtrA kA jo AtmapuruSArtha sahejA hai, usase Apake vyaktitva kI aneka vidhAe~ prasphuTita huI haiN| ____ ApakI cintanazIlatA, vaijJAnika evaM zodhaparaka hai - isakA Thosa pramANa ApakI kRti 'jainatattvavidyA' hai, jisameM Apane karmasiddhAnta ke viSaya ko karaNAnuyoga ke antargata na mAnakara dravyAnuyoga kA viSaya mAnA hai| isake samarthana meM ApakA vaijJAnika tathya tarkapUrNa hai / karma pudgala dravya hai / astu karma kI samasta prakriyAe~ dravyAnuyoga ke antargata lI jAnI caahiye| bhASAzailI : ApakI bhASA pravAhamayI eva sugama hai| kahIM bhI Agamika, pAribhASika zabda duruha nahIM lagate / sarala, subodha aura saMkSiptatA ApakI lekhana-zailI kI eka pahacAna bana gayI hai / vistRta viSayavastu ko eka-do vAkyoM meM suspaSTa kara denA munizrI kI vizeSatA hai| aisI prabhAvaka lekhana-zailI kA udbhava tabhI hotA hai, jaba lekhaka apane cintana ko maMthana prakriyA ke dvArA prAMjala vicAroM kA navanIta prApta karane meM sakSama ho jAtA hai| usake mAnasa meM bhrama aura bhrAMtiyoM ke liye koI jagaha nahIM hotii| sAhityika kRtiyA~ : ApakI eka mahattvapUrNa kRti hai 'jainatattvavidyA' / lekhaka kI yaha aisI kRti hai jo bhAratIya jJAnapITha, dillI dvArA prazaMsita kI gaI hai| jisameM aneka Agama granthoM ke sArabhUta tattvoM ko eka grantha meM samAhita kara gAgara meM sAgara bharane kI yukti caritArtha kI gaI hai| isakA lekhaka eka niSkAma digambara jaina sAdhu hai, jo vAstuvid aura jyotiSavidyA kA jJAtA hai| ApakI anya mahattvapUrNa kRtiyA~ 'jainadharma aura darzana', 'divya jIvana kA dvAra', 'antasa kI A~kheM aura jyotirmaya jIvana' Adi haiN| pravacana kalA meM niSNAta : lekhakIya karma ke sAtha jJAna kI abhivyakti Apake dhArAvAhI pravacana meM dekhane ko milatI hai| vANI meM jahA~ ojasvI guNa hai, vahIM sammohakatA kA jAdU bhI hai| zrotA aisA khiMcA huA baiThA rahatA hai jaise usakA hRdaya hI bola rahA ho / bolate huye mukha kI muskAna sone meM suhAgA kI ukti caritArtha karatI hai| pravacana meM eka tattva sarva vyApta rahatA hai, vaha hai vazIkaraNa / Apake pravacana meM zabda sauSThava kI bAsaMtI chaThA aura viSaya kA sahaja prastutIkaraNa saMgIta sA mAdhurya utpanna kara detA hai| munizrI ke vAtsalyamaya vyavahAra aura choTe-bar3e sabhI se saralatA aura muskAna ke sAtha milanA Apake vyaktitva kI eka aisI chavi hai, jo ApameM sahaja hai| jabajhAna kI tejasvitA, mahaMkAra ke hima ko pighalAkara galita kara detI hai, Page #42 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ tasvArthasUnA-nika/AVI to aisI vinamratA kA sahaja sphuraNa hone lagatA hai| hindI, saMskRta, prAkRta, aMgrejI bhASAvid Apa jaina sAhitya, darzana, itihAsa ke talasparzI adhyetA hai| jJAna, dhyAna aura tapa kI prAMjala sAdhanA ke prakhara nirgrantha sAdhu haiN| bhagavAna mahAvIra aura gautama buddha kI adhyAtma saMskRti se dhanI bihAra bhUmi ke itihAsa kI jhalaka Apake vyaktitva se jharane kI taraha pravAhita hotI huI Apake bihAra prAntavAsI hone kA svata: siddhapramANa hai| santa jo karatA hai vahIM bolatA hai| usakI kathanI aura karanI kI ekarUpatA ke kAraNa vANI meM sammohana kA jAdU aura preraNA ghulI hotI hai| vastuta: saMta vacana hI pravacana bana jAte haiM, jo jIvana ke naitika aura dhArmika virAsata kI anamola dharohara hotI hai| isI prakAra ApakI jyotirmaya jIvana kRti manuSya kI cetanA ko jyotirmaya banAne kA eka sazakta mAdhyama hai, jo 'tamaso mA jyotirgamaya' kI yukti ko caritArtha karatA hai| sabase bar3I bAta hai pravacanakAra meM santatva kI USmA kA pAradarzI darzana | jisake mUla meM hai - AcArya garuvara zrI vidyAsAgara jI kI apane sayogya ziSyoM ko dI gaI kaThora sAdhanA kI agniparIkSA / jisase gujarakara Apa jaise aneka saMgha ke sAdhu dArzanika chavi vAle kavi tathA tapa kI gahana USmA kI svarNima prabhA se bhAsvata hai| AcArya zrI ne apane ziSyoM kI dIkSA meM svayaM ke tapasvI vyaktitva aura apane AdhyAtmika rasa kA azadAna kara unheM itanA svAvalambI, nirbhayI, ni:zaMka aura abhIkSNa jJAnopayogI banA dete haiM, ki ye samAja meM eka viziSTa chApa chor3ate haiN| muni zrI pramANasAgara jI aise agrima paMktI ke ziSyoM meM se eka haiM, jinakI nijalA meM AtmasAdhanA kA koSa najara AtA hai| agasta 2005 meM hajArIbAga meM pUjyamunizrI ke vizeSa pravacanamAlA sunane kA saubhAgya ina paktiyoM ke lekhaka ko milaa| muni zrI ke gRhasthAvasthA kI mAtA mohanIdevI, pitA zrI surendrakumAra seThI aura anya parivAra janoM se bheTa kara usI pAvana gRharaja ko mastaka para lagAne kA saubhAgya milA, jisameM muni zrI janmeM aura bar3e huye the| Apake cacere bhAI zrI sanIla jaina evaM tAI zrImatI vimalA jaina, jinheM Apa bhAI kahakara pukArate the lagabhaga eka ghaNTe taka unase bAta karake unakI manogata bhAvanAoM se rUbarU huye| usa sAkSAtkAra se yaha bAta sAmane AI ki bAlaka navIna ke jIvana meM eka apratyAzita parivartana ghaTita huaa| adhyAtma aura dharma kA ka, kha, ga na jAnane vAlA navIna parama pUjya ke pArasa prabhAva se unakI suSupta AtmA aise jAga gaI jaise koI nIMda se jAga jAtA hai / yaha krAntikArI parivartana unake nAnA jI ke nagara durga meM huaa| jahA~ AcArya zrI virAjamAna the| unakI kRpA aura AzIrvAda se aisA prasAda milA ki Aja eka vizruta digambara saMta ke rUpa meM unakI tejasvitA pragaTa ho rahI hai| munizrI ke bahuta sAre bAlamitroM, sahapAThiyo aura zikSakoM se bhI sAkSAtkAra kiyaa| unakI gaharI bhakti aura bhAvanAoM se avagata hokara yaha socane ke liye bAdhya kara diyA ki munizrI meM aisA kyA sammohana hai, jo prAta: 5 baje se rAtri 10 baje taka zraddhAluoM aura bhaktoM kA jamAva kama hotA dikhAI nahIM detaa| AtmIya sparza kI eka mahaka sampUrNa vAtAvaraNa meM bikharI huI dikhAI dii| rAtri ko vaiyAvRtti meM 3 varSa ke bAlaka se lekara 75 varSa ke vRddhajana caraNasparza karate huye dekhe gye| satat svAdhyAya, cintana, manana kI mUla pravRttiyoM ke dhAraka hone ke sAtha Apa jainAgama, jaina itihAsa, sAhitya darzana ke talasparzI adhyetA haiN| dharma eka jIvanta zakti hai aura parama pUjya mani zrI svayaM usa dharma kI gaMgotrI haiN| unake cintana aura calana meM, AcaraNa va jihA meM abhinnatA evaM sAmyatA hai| ataH pratyeka vyakti ke citta para Apa adabhuta pravAha chor3a dete haiN| Page #43 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ m prArambhika vaktavya parama pUjya muni zrI 108 pramANasAgara jI Aja hama eka aise granya ke viSaya meM vivecanA aura vicAra suna rahe haiM, jisake viSaya meM jitanA bhI socA aura sunA jAe vaha kama hI hogaa| jaina sAhitya kA bhaNDAra atyanta vipula hai| eka se eka saiddhAntika, AdhyAtmika aura AcAragranthoM kA sRjana huA hai, lekina sampUrNa jaina vAGmaya me 'tasvArthasUtra' hI aisA grantha hai, jisake pATha mAtra se bhare peTa meM eka upavAsa kA phala milatA hai| yaha isa grantha kI mahattA yA garimA kA paricAyaka hai| kitanA mahAna hai yaha grantha ki jisake vAcana mAtra se eka upavAsa kA phala milatA hai| Akhira ise aisI mahattA kyoM milI? isaliye ki yaha apane Apa meM 10 adhyAyo me vibhakta aura 357 sUtro me nibaddha isa laghukAya grantha me gAgara meM sAgara samAhita hai| jaina vAGmaya kA aisA koI aza nahI bacA jisane isa tattvArthasUtra meM sthAna na pAyA ho| yaha jaina vAGmaya kA saskRta meM nibaddha prathama sUtragrantha hai| sUtra kI zailI meM nirUpita hone ke kAraNa jaina saskRti me isakA sarvatra aura samAna Adara hotA rahA hai, paramparA ho yA zvetAmbara paramparA / isake eka-eka adhyAya kA apanA viziSTa pratipAdya hai / vastutaH tattvArthasUtra kA mUla pratipAdya vyakti ko vyakti se uThAkara usake vyaktitva ko vikasita karate huye prabhutA kI ananya U~cAI taka pahu~cAnA hai| hama apane bhItara chipI paramArthazakti ko kaise abhivyakta kara sake, yaha sArA mArga tattvArthasUtra me ullikhita hai| AtmA se paramAtmA banane kA sArA mArga isa tattvArthasUtra kA mUla pratipAdya hai| isake sAtha jo dUsare viSaya Aye hai, ve sana AnuSagika hai| AcArya umAsvAmI kA lakSya sasAra ke bAre me jyAdA batAne kA nahI rahA hai| unakA eka hI uddezya hai aura vaha hai sasAra se mukti ke mArga ko prazasta karanA aura isI khyAla se isa grantha kI zuruAta hI unhone - 'samyagdarzanazAnacAritrANi mokSamArgaH' satra se kahI hai aura kahA hai ki jo ina tIno ko dhAraNa karake AtmakalyANa kI dizA meM Age baDhatA hai. sacce arthoM me vahI mokSa kA adhikArI bana jAtA hai|' jIva ke asAdhAraNa bhAvoM kI vivecanA : Adhunika sandarbha meM paca bhAvo ke viSaya me Alekha prastuta kiyA gyaa| Adhunika pariveza ke viSaya me usame bhAvo kI bAta kahI aura bIca me jo prazna uThe unakA samAdhAna bhI Apake samakSa prastuta kiyaa| ina pAca bhAvo ko hame Adhunika sandarbha me jor3ane kI jarUrata hai aura dekhA jAya to ina pacabhAvo meM hamArA jaina manovijJAna bhI samAhita hai| manovijJAna ke hisAba se 14 mUlavRttiyoM ke sAtha audAyika bhAvoM kI samAyojanA kI jAnI caahie| cAritra kI hI bAta nahIM kI gaI, usake Age eka vizeSaNa lagAyA gayA hai 'samyak / andhI zraddhA ko jaina paramparA me koI sthAna nahIM diyA gyaa| galata jJAna ko, kitAbI jJAna ko, UparI jJAna ko jaina paramparA meM mAnyatA nahIM dI gaI aura ulTe-sIdhe AcaraNa ko bhI jaina darzana meM mahatva nahIM diyA gyaa| cAhe koI kitanI bhI haThayoga kI sAdhanA kare yA tapasyA kare, vyakti kI tapasyA aura vyakti kA mAna taba hI sArthaka hotA hai jabaki vaha 'samyak vizeSaNa se vibhUSita ho| 'samyaktvamaNDita ho, saccI zraddhA ho aura ye saccI zraddhA na kevala prabhu ke prati apitu apane bhItara kI AtmA ke prati bhI Page #44 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ tatvArthasUtra-nika:/xM mA % 3A ho| svayaM ke prati apane svarUpa ke prati jaba taka hama zraddhAvanata nahIM hote, taba taka hamAre jIvana ke kalyANa kI pratikriyA prArambha nahIM hotii| bandhuo! sabase pahalI AvazyakatA hai apane svarUpa ke bodha kii| svarUpa ke bodha ke abhAva meM hama kabhI apanA kalyANa nahIM kara skte| tattvArthasUtra ke TIkAkAra AcArya pUjyapAda svAmI ne jaba isa sUtra kI vyAkhyA karanI prArambha kI to yaha kahA ki mokSamArga kI zuruAta kaise hotI hai ? unhoMne bahuta acchA udAharaNa diyA - eka vyakti jaise hI isa bAta kA ehasAsa karatA hai ki maiM rogI hai| mujhe kisI bImArI ne gherA hai, vaise hI kisI cikitsika ke pAsa jAtA hai aura usase apanI bImArI kA ilAja karAtA hai / santa kahate haiM - aise hI jisa taraha tuma bAhara kI bImArI kA ehasAsa karate hI usakA pratikAra karate ho, usI taraha vahI mokSamArga meM laga sakatA hai, jo saMsAra ke duHkhoM se vyAkula hotA hai| hama apane svarUpa kA ehasAsa kareM ki kyA hama jisa rUpa me jI rahe haiM vahI hamArA sahI svarUpa hai athavA hameM kucha aura honA caahie| yaha bhAvanA jaba vyakti ke mana meM jagatI hai taba use mokSamArga meM lagane kA bhAva jAgRta hotA hai| saMkalpa aura sAhasa usake andara paidA hotA hai| mokSamArga kI zurUAta svarUpa bodha se hotI hai aura usakI paripUrNatA svarUpa kI upalabdhi se hotI hai| hama kahate haiM ki mokSa mila gyaa| mokSa koI nidhi hai jo mila gaI ? mokSa aura kucha nahIM hai, 'siddhisvAtmopalabdhi' apanI upalabdhi kA nAma hI siddhi hai| isase bhinna kisI upalabdhi kI parikalpanA me kabhI mata ulajhanA / hama apane Apase apane svarUpa se dUra hai, bandhanabaddha haiM, hamAre Upara karma kA, saMskAroM kA, mAyA kA, ajJAna kA, avidyA kA, baMdhana hai| jaba taka yaha bandhana TUTatA nahIM hai taba taka hama apane vAstavika svarUpa ko upalabdha karane meM sakSama nahI hote aura svarUpopalabdhi ke abhAva meM hameM mokSa kI prApti kabhI ho nahIM sktii| tattvArthasUtra kA mUla pratipAdya yahI hai aura isa bAta me jo sabase mahattvapUrNa nirdeza AcArya umAsvAmI ne diyA hai, vaha hai tuma eka ko pakar3a kara baiTha mata jAnA, aksara aisA hotA hai ki koI samyaktva ko, zraddhA ko, jJAna ko, AcaraNa ko mahattva dete haiN| korI zraddhA se kAma nahIM calatA, na kore jJAna se kAma calatA hai| zraddhA-jJAna zUnya kriyA se bhI kAma nahIM cltaa| hamArA uddhAra nahIM hotaa| hamArA uddhAra kevala tabhI hogA jaba hama tInoM se apane Apa ko jor3akara cleNge| ise samajhane ke liye meM eka udAharaNa detA hai| abhI prAcArya jI ne bhI AcArya mahArAja dvArA pradatta eka udAharaNa Apa sabako diyaa| Apane nasainI (sIDhI) dekhI hogii| ina tIno kI upayogitA ko samajhane ke liye maiM nasainI kA hI udAharaNa detA hai| jaise nasainI meM do sIdhI lakar3iyoM aura jor3ane vAlI ADI lakar3iyA~ hotI hai| sIdhI lakar3iyoM ko hama samyagdarzana aura samyagjJAna mAna leM to unheM jor3ane vAlI lakar3I samyakcAritra hai| ina tInoM kA saMyati honI Avazyaka hai|' bhAcArya smAsvAmI kIdhI meM akAlamaraNa akAlamaraNa ke sambandha meM jo bhrAntiyA~ haiM, zAyada isa lekha me isakA samAyojana nahIM ho pAyA hai| akAlamaraNa kI mAnyatA viSayaka prAnti kA nirasana unhoMne yadyapi kara diyA hai, lekina prAya: eka loka mAnyatA bana par3I hai aura jaisI ki vaidika paramparA meM bhI mAnyatA hai ki kisI kI akAla mRtyu ho jAtI hai to jitanI usakI Aya hotI hai, utanI kAlAvadhi taka vaha prANI pretayoni meM bhaTakatA rahatA hai| jaina paramparA meM spaSTa udaghoSa hai ki Aya ke kSaya se hI maraNa hotA hai| mAyu kA jaba taka eka bhI paramANu bacA rahegA taba taka mRtyu nahIM ho sakatI hai| jaina paramparA yaha batAtI hai ki yadi kisI kI mRtyu huI hai to tatkSaNa vaha jIva dUsarI yoni meM jAkara apane zarIra nirvAha kI prakriyA prArambha kara detA hai aura kucha kAlAvadhi meM apane zarIra kA nirmANa pUrNa karake janma le letA hai| eka Page #45 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ mati se dUsarI mati meM jAne meM jIva ko adhika se adhika samaya lagate haiN| isase jyAdA nahIM lgtaa| jaina paramparA yaha batAtI hai ki mApake eka zarIra kA nAza huA to AlA apane sUkSma zarIra ke mAdhyama se agale janma kI sthiti meM jAlI hai aura apane purasne saMskAroM ke bala para naye zarIra ke nirmANa kI prakrivA prArambha kara detI hai| yaha jo bhaye zarIra ke nirmANa kI prakriyA hai vahI hamArI bAyoTeknAlaoNjI aura jineTika iMjIniyariMgsa se jur3I hai, jisakI carcA maiM abhI Apase karane kA rahA huuN| kucha loga aisA socate haiM, para Apa aisA mata soca lenA ki yadi kisI kI mRtyu ho gaI to apanI zeSa Ayu taka usakI AtmA bhaTakatI hai| koI bhI AtmA isa taraha se bhaTakatI nahIM hai, vaha kisI na kisI yoni meM jAkara janma legI hii| jaise usake karma saMskAra hoMge use usI prakAra kI paryAya prApta hogii| aba ye bAta alaga hai ki hamArI Ayu samaya para naSTa hotI hai yA asamaya meN| AcArya umAsvAmI ne tattvArthasUtra ke dvitIya adhyAya ke AkhirI sUtra meM kahA hai- 'mIpapAvikacaramottamadehAusaspeyavarSAyuSaH....' isase yaha spaSTa hai ki hamArI Ayu kA kSaya samaya-asamaya dono meM ho sakatA hai aura isake liye Agama meM paryApta pramANa upalabdha hote haiN| ise kadalIyAta maraNa saMjJA se abhivyakta kiyA gayA hai| jo kisAnI karate haiM, ve jAnate hoge, kele ke khetI meM eka vizeSatA hotI hai ki kele kA vRkSa kevala eka hI bAra phala detA hai aura jaise hI usameM phala lagatA hai, usake bagala meM dUsarA pIkA phUTatA hai aura nayA vRkSa Devalapa ho jAtA hai| naye vRkSa ko pUrA rasa mile, purAnA vRkSa rasa grahaNa na kara sake, nayA peDa jaldI vikasita ho isa bhAvanA se kisAna usa purAne kintu hare-bhare kele ke vRkSa ko kATa DAlatA hai| jisa taraha kele ke hare-bhare vRkSa ko asamaya meM kATa DAlA jAtA hai, usI taraha se jisakA harA-bharA jIvana asamaya meM naSTa ho jAtA hai, usa maraNa kA nAma hI kadalIghAta maraNa athavA akAlamaraNa ke nAma se jAnA jAtA hai| eka udAharaNa se hama ise samajhate haiN| hamane peTromaiksa meM tela bhraa| agara usakI vyavasthA ThIka hai to barnara meM jisa krama se tela AyegA, samajha lIjiye do lITara tela chaha ghaMTe taka calegA aura yadi barnara lIka karane lage to vaha tela aura alpasamaya meM bhI jala sakatA hai| lekina agara TaiMka hI barTa ho jAya to kSaNamAtra meM sArA tela jala sakatA hai| basa bandhuo ! ye TaiMka kaba barsTa ho jAya aura Ayu kA tela jala jAya isakA bharosA nahIM hai, para dhyAna rakhanA AdamI kabhI bhI mare, apanI Ayu ke tela ke naSTa hone ke bAda hI mregaa| yaha akAlamaraNa ke viSaya meM jAnane yogya bAte haiN| eka-do anya saiddhAntika bAtoM kA bhI yahA~ samAyojana ho jAnA cAhiye, jo ki AcArya vIrasena jI ke dvArA prApta huI haiN| dhavalA meM eka vizeSa bAta kahI gaI hai devehi baDhAugassa kadalIpAdo ptti| jo jIva devaparyAya paryAya meM AyA hai, usakA akAlamaraNa nahIM hogaa| akAla maraNa kevala una manuSyoM kA hotA hai jo tiryacamati, manuSyagati athavA narakagati se AtA hai| svarga se Ane vAle jIvoM ke pAsa aisI sAmarthya hotI hai ki unake jIvana meM koI durghaTanA na ghtte| savAsUtra ke sandarbha meM gAyoTeknAlaoNcI, jeneTikAjIniyarI evaM jIvavijJAna hameM jaina paramparA meM jo zarIra vijJAna batAyA gayA hai, hamAre sthUla zarIra ke nirmANa kI jo prakriyA batAI gaI hai, usa prakriyA para agara gaharAI se dhyAna deM to hameM aisA lagegA ki jainAcAryoM ne Aja se hajAroM varSa pUrva jo kahA thA, vahI Aja kI jUlaoNjI, bAyoTeknAlaoNjI aura jaineTika iMjIniyarI meM par3hAyA jA rahA hai| ansara yaha hai ki pUrva kI prarUpaNAoM ko hama apanI zabdAvalI meM vyakta karate haiM aura vartamAna vaijJAnikoM kI apanI vyAkhyA aura vivecanAeM haiN| Page #46 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ tasvArthasUtra- nikava xx hamAre yahA~ yaha batAyA gayA hai ki jaba hama eka sthUla zarIra ko chor3akara dUsarI janma sthiti meM jAte haiM, mRtyu ke bAda hama jAte haiM to hamArA sthUla zarIra yahIM chUTatA hai| apane sUkSma aura saMskAra zarIra ke bala para hama usa sthAna para jAte. haiM, jahA~ hameM janma lenA hai aura vahA~ jAkara ke hama naye zarIra ke nirmANa kI prakriyA prArambha karate haiN| hamArA yaha jo zarIra 'vikasita hotA hai, nau mAha mA~ ke peTa meM / garbha meM rahane ke bAda janma lete haiN| janma to bahuta bAda kA hai, vastutaH hamArA janma to tabhI ho jAtA hai jaba hama apanI yoni sthAna meM pahu~cate haiN| utpatti kA nAma hI janma hai| isakA nAma to yoni niSkramaNa rUpa janma hai| vahA~ jAne ke bAda pratyeka jIvAtmA kucha vizeSa prakAra kI paugalika zaktiyA~ arjita karatA hai| una zaktiyoM ko Agama kI bhASA meM paryAptiyA~ kahate haiN| ina paryAptiyoM ko jo paripUrNa kara letA hai, vahI jIva apane jIvana ke nirmANa meM aura jIvana ke saMcAlana meM sakSama hotA hai| Agama meM 6 paryAptiyoM kahI gaI haiM, ve haiM- AhAra, zarIra, indriya, zvAsocchvAsa, bhASA aura mana / maiM samajhatA hU~ Adhunika vijJAna meM jo jeneTika iMjIniyariMga kI bAta hai, vaha zarIra paryAptiyoM se sambandhita hai| zarIra paryApti hI jInsa aura kromosomsa kA nirmANa hai| aba jaba jInsa aura kromosomsa Devhalapa hogA tabhI zarIra bhI Devhalapa hogaa| Apane ise nAmakarma se joDA, vaha sumagata hai| kyoMki nAmakarma yA kisI bhI karma ke sAtha yaha bAta jur3I hai ki karma apanA phala paristhiti aura pariveza ke anurUpa dete haiN| karma apanA phala dene meM pUrNataH svatantra nahIM haiN| dravya, kSetra, kAla aura bhAva ke parivartana se karma ke prabhAva meM parivartana A jAtA hai| isa hisAba se dekhA jAye to karma siddhAnta ke sAtha jeneTika iMjIniyariMga kA pUrA sambandha hai| AnuvaMzakIya kA pUrA sambandha hai| yahI kAraNa hai ki puNyAtmA jIva dhanapatiyoM ke yahA~ hI janma lete haiM, garIba ke yahA~ janma nahIM lete| jahA~ para mAtA-pitA sundara haiM, to unake bacce bhI sundara hote haiM, kyoMki karma ko aisA puNya kSetra, kAla aura bhAva milatA hai, ye to maiMne eka sthUla dRSTi dI hai| mujhe vizvAsa hai ki isa viSaya kI gaharAI meM aura jAyA jAya aura kucha aura motI nikAla kara lAye jaayeN| tabhI yaha bAta logoM taka pahu~cAne meM saphala hoM, ki jo bAta Aja vijJAna kaha rahA hai, vahI jainadarzana me bahuta pahale kahI jA cukI hai| vyAnaviSayaka mAnyatAoM kA samAyojana svArthasUtra kI dhyAna viSayaka mAnyatA aura anya digambarAcAryo kI mAnyatA meM kyA maulika antara hai, isa bAta ko hameM spaSTatayA rekhAMkita karanA cAhiye tAki pAThaka usakA tulanAtmaka rUpa se adhyayana kara skeN| khAsakara jo dhyAna dene yogya hai, dhyAna viSayaka jo paramparA jainAcAryoM ke madhya AtI hai usameM dharmadhyAna aura zukladhyAna viSayaka svAmI kI paramparA ko hameM mahattvapUrNa rUpa se ullekhita karane kI AvazyakatA hai| umAsvAmI kI paramparA meM aura tattvAryasUtra kI TIkAoM meM dharmadhyAna kA svAmI zreNI se pahale nirUpita hai| zreNI meM zukladhyAna kI hI mAnyatA pracalita rUpa se kahI jAtI hai| AcArya vIrasena aura anya prarUpaNAoM meM zreNI meM dharmadhyAna kA bhI vidhAna hai| dhavalA meM hI eka jagaha likhA hai, 'dharmadhyAnasya phalaM kiM ?' dharmadhyAna kA phala kyA hai ? to hameM uttara prApta hotA hai- 'mohanIyasya khao dharmaH dhyAnasya phala' mohanIya karma kA kSaya dharmadhyAna kA phala hai arthAt isa mAnyatA ke anusAra mohanIyakarma kA kSaya 10 ve guNasthAna meM hotA hai| yaha dharmadhyAna 10 ve guNasthAna taka calatA hai| usa kathana ke anusAra 12 ve guNasthAna meM kSapakazreNI kI apekSA donoM zukladhyAna hoMge aura upazama zreNI kI apekSA || hogeM / isa dhyAna ke bahuta pahale zukladhyAna hogaa| 'veM guNasthAna meM eka aura mAnyatA ke anusAra dUsare zukladhyAna ko bhI pratipAti nirUpita kiyA hai| yaha dhavalA kI 13 vIM pustaka Page #47 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ 1 se hameM samajha meM AtA hai| AcArya mahArAja ne tattvArthasUtra ke sUtroM ko khUba gaharAI se samajhA hai / AcArya mahArA tArthasUtra meM bhI kucha aisI sUcanAeM pAte haiM jisase yaha patA lagatA hai ki yaha donoM paramparAoM meM setu kA kArya karatA tatvArthasUna meM umAsvAmI mahArAja ne mUlataH dharmadhyAna ke svAmI ke nirUpaNa kA koI sUtra nahIM likhaa| aisA eka bhI sUtra nahIM hai jo dharmadhyAna ke svAmI kA nirUpaNa karatA ho / unhoMne ArttadhyAna aura raudradhyAna ke viSaya meM svAmitva nirdhArita karate huye kahA hai ki 'tadaviratavezaviratapramasaMvatAnAm' isameM ArttadhyAna kA bhI svAmitva nirdhArita kara diyA aura 'zukle bAce pUrvavida:' isa sUtra dvArA 'pUrvavid' vAloM ko hI zukladhyAna kA svAmI batAyA hai| AcArya mahArAja isa sUtra kA bahuta acchA artha karate haiM- 'zukle cAce pUrvavidaH ' isa sUtra meM jo 'ca' zabda hai, isake do artha, aura nikalate haiM - pahalA artha to yaha hai ki 'zukle cAle pUrvavidaH' se 'zukle cAce apUrvavidaH' artha bhI nikalanA cAhiye kyoMki nirgrantha kA jaghanya zruta jo hai vaha aSTa pravacanamAtRkA batAyA gayA hai| jo isa bAta kA paricAyaka hai ki kadAcita jo pUrvavid nahIM haiM jaise zivabhUti munirAja the, ve alpa jJAnI hokara ke bhI bhAvazruta kevalitva ko prApta kara sake the| dUsarA artha yaha bhI hai ki zreNI meM dharmadhyAna bhI saMbhava hai| yadyapi kisI TIkA meM isakA ullekha nahIM hai| kevala 'ca' zabda se hI Apake pAsa guMjAiza hai / kyoMki samasta TIkAkAroM ne yaha nirdhArita karake ki saptama guNasthAna se Age dharmadhyAna nahIM hai Apake hAthoM ko pahale hI bA~dha diyA hai| kahA~ kamI raha gayI ? dharmadhyAna ke svAmI kA ullekha kyoM nahIM kiyA AcArya umAsvAmI ne ? eka sUtra aura bar3hA dete 357 kI jagaha 358 ho jaate| unhoMne nahIM likhA isase isa bAta kA patA calatA hai ki umAsvAmI ko kisI dUsarI paramparA kI bhI sUcanA rahI hogii| isaliye unane unako kahA ki isako chor3o 'ca' zabda meM lagA lo| TIkAkAra jo artha nikAlanA cAheM nikAla leN| lekina isameM aura gaharAI se vicAra karane kI jarUrata hai, yaha bAta to taya hai| isI taraha dharmadhyAna ke anyatra jo dasa bheda batAye gaye haiM, tattvArthasUtra meM mAtra 4 bheda batAye gaye haiN| dhyAna viSayaka dhAraNAoM kI carcA karate huye padastha, piNDastha, rUpastha aura rUpAtIta dhyAnoM kI bhI carcA honI cAhiye, jisakA samAyojana tattvArthasUtra meM mUlataH nahIM hai aura unheM 'AjJApAyavipAkasaMsthAnavitrayAya dharmyam' nAmaka dharmadhyAnoM meM kisameM samAhita kiyA jAye, isa bAta kA bhI ullekha karanA cAhiye / prazna AyA ki gRhasthoM ke liye sukha athavA duHkha yA pratyeka meM kauna sA dhyAna rakhanA caahiye| isa bAta kA bhI hameM samAyojana karanA cAhiye ki hamArI pUjA-pATha va anya dhArmika kriyAyeM kisa prakAra ke dhyAna meM aayeNgii| yaha prazna jo loka samUha se mere pAsa AyA hai, maiM batAnA cAhatA hU~ ki Aja ke yuga meM kevala dharmadhyAna hai| Apa hoM yA hama, hamAre dvArA dhyAna hogA to kevala dharmadhyAna hogaa| itanA jAna leM ki jitanI bhI ApakI dhArmika kriyAyeM haiM ve saba dharmadhyAna meM antarnihita haiM / eka vizeSa bAta aura hameM dhyAna ke viSaya meM spaSTataH samajhanI cAhiye - jaina paramparA ke anusAra kevala rIDha ko karane kA nAma dhyAna nahIM hai| jaina paramparA dhyAna kA artha cintana- sAtatya se letI hai| jaina paramparA ke anusAra dhyAna kA artha hai cintana kI nirantaratA aura hamArA cintana kisI na kisI padArtha se nirantara jur3A rahatA hai| jaba hamArA ciMtana azubha se jur3atA hai to usa dhyAna ko hama azubhadhyAna kahate haiM aura jaba zubha/iTa se jur3atA hai to dharmadhyAna ke antargata bhAtA hai, zubhadhyAna ke antargata AtA hai| 24 ghaNTe hama dhyAnarata rahate haiN| abhI bhI Apa dhyAna kara rahe haiM kyoMki Apa Page #48 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ tasvArthasUla-nika / XXII dhyAna se suna rahe haiN| dhyAna se kAma kro| dhyAna se clo| isakA matalaba sAvadhAna hokara calo, jAgarUka hokara ke calo, apane upayoga ko kendrita karake clo| yaha dhyAna to nirantara calatA hai, para yaha dhyAna sahaja, niSprayAsa, abuddhipUrvaka hotA hai| azubha se apane citta ko mor3akara zubha meM sthira karane kA nAma dhyAna hai| isI meM hI citta kI vyagratA naSTa hotI hai 'ekAgracintanirodho dhyAnam' to bahuta utkRSTa dhyAna kI bAta hai, lekina dharmadhyAna kyA hai ? Aja ke yuga meM dharmadhyAna kisa tarIke se dhArita kiyA jA sakatA hai, ina bAtoM kA samAyojana ho to inakI upayogitA aura kaI gunI bar3ha sakegI, aisA merA vizvAsa hai / tatvArthasUtra ke maulika arthoM para vArya zrI vidyAsAgara jI eka manISI cintaka va sAdhaka haiN| unakI AtmA se jo kucha udbhUta hotA hai vaha unake svaroM meM abhivyakta hotA hai| prativarSa pUjya AcArya mahArAja paryuSaNaparva ke dino meM naye-naye rahasya Agama aura sandarbha ke sAtha sunAte haiN| pUjya AcArya zrI ne tasvArthasUtra mujhe akele hI par3hAyA thA / jainadharma ke zikSaNa kI zurUAta sIdhe tattvArthasUtra se huii| maiMne 'prabhu patita pAvana.... ..' kI vinatI bhI muni avasthA meM siikhii| yaha sunakara Apa sabhI ko Azcarya ho sakatA hai| jisa dina merA saMgha meM praveza huA aura AcArya zrI ke pAsa AzIrvAda lene pahueNcA, unhoMne turanta 'tattvArthasUtra' grantha maMgavAyA aura sambodhate hue kahA ki yadi ise kaNThastha kara loge, to sAre jaina vAGmaya ko hRdayagama karane meM kabhI kaThinAI nahIM ho paayegii| isameM samasta jaina vAGmaya kA sAra samAhita hai| pahale dina cAra sUtra artha sahita paDhAye vaha bhI mUlasUtra vAlI pustaka se| jaisA maiMne sunA dUsare dina jaisA kA taisA unheM sunA diyaa| prativarSa, koI na koI nayA viSaya unake dvArA tatvArthasUtra ke sandarbha meM nikalatA rahatA hai| AcArya zrI kevala usakA adhyayana hI nahI karate, manana aura cintana karate haiN| ataeva unakI manISA se jo kucha upalabdha hotA hai, vaha sadaiva pravacanoM ke mAdhyama 'upalabdha kara diyA karate haiN| Apa sabakA dhyAna tatvArthasUtra ke dUsare adhyAya ke prathama sUtra para AkarSita karanA caahuuNgaa| sUtra hai - 'avattearest bhAvI micazca jIvasya svatastvamaudayikapAriNAmikau ca // ' isa sUtra kI vyAkhyA AcArya mahArAja karate haiM, jo kisI TIkAkAra ne nahIM kii| 'aupazamikakSAyikau meM jo vibhakti tor3I haiM usakA kevala matalaba yaha hai ki aupazamika aura kSAyika bhAva kevala samyagdRSTi bhavyo ko hotA hai, mithyAdRSTiyoM ko nahIM / isako hama kevala bhavya se na jor3e, mizrazca bhAva hai vaha samyagdRSTi aura mithyAdRSTi tathA bhavya aura abhavya donoM prakAra ke jIvoM ko hotA hai|' - 'audayika aura pAriNAmikA' ke liye jo vizeSa cintana diyA tattvamaudayikapAriNAmikau ca' arthAt audayika aura pAriNAmika ina donoM ko eka vibhakti meM rakhA hai, isakA yahI prayojana hai ki ye donoM bhAva samAna rUpa se sabhI sasArI jIvoM ke pAye jAte haiN| 'ca' zabda se anya asAdhAraNa bhAvoM kA samAveza kara lenA cAhiye, jaisA ki anya TIkAkAroM ne samAveza karane kA nirdeza diyA hai| ke kAraNa eka kApoha jaina Agama meM vedoM kA jo bhI vivecana hai| vaha mukhya rUpa se bhAva veda se sambaddha hai| dravyavedoM ke Asava ke kAraNoM Page #49 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ seasaram ko kahIM bhI alaga se parigaNita nahIM kiyaa| para merI jo dhAraNA hai vaha yaha hai ki dravvaveda meM puruSaveda ko zubha mAnA jAtA hai aura zeSa do vedoM ko ashubh| inakA sambandha zubha-azubha nAmakarma se hai| zubhanAmakarma zubha pariNAmoM meM aura azumanAra : azubha pariNAmoM se baMdhatA hai, isaliye yadi hama puruSaveda ke sAtha zabhabhAvoM kA sannikarSa vizAlakara dravyaveda aura mA ke kAraNoM meM aikya sthApita karane kA prayala kare to isameM koI asaMgata bAta nahIM hogii| kyoMki Agama meM maha likhA hai.. 'pAyeNa samA kahi visamA vedoM meM prAyaH samAnatA hotI hai| dravyaveda kI jaba carcA karate haiM to zArIrika AkRti se sambandha hotA hai aura bhAvaveda kA matalaba bhItara kA vAsanAtmaka dRSTikoNa hai| ye donoM prAyaH samAna hote haiM / kadAcit apavAda meM ansara ho sakatA hai| ... AcArya vIrasena svAmI ne isake prazasta aura aprazasta veda kA ullekha kiyA hai, jabaki ayadhavalA meM isakA spaSTa ullekha hai ki ghAtiyA karma pApakarma haiM, lekina phira bhI vedakarma meM prazasta aura aprazasta kA bheda batAyA hai| puruSaveda ke bandha kA jo kAraNa batAyA hai vaha bhI zubha karma hai| ____ eka prazna uThatA hai ki - kyA saMjvalana ke mandodaya meM hI puruSaveda kA bandha hotA hai ? sabhI prakRtiyoM ke bandha ke liye alaga-alaga kAraNa nirUpita kiye gaye haiM aura una sabake sAtha anvaya-vyatireka bhI sthApita kiyA gayA hai| nicalI kaSAyeM jahA~ hotI haiM vahA~ UparI kaSAyeM bhI hotI haiM, para hara kaSAya apanA-apanA hI kAma karatI hai| puruSaveda kA anvayavyatireka saMjvalana ke hI sAtha hai, isaliye jo bAta kahI gaI hai vaha zata-pratizata sahI hai| manovijJAna ke viSaya meM jainadarzana meM manovijJAna jainakarma siddhAnta kA eka mahattvapUrNa aMga hai| isake liye tattvArthasUtra ke chaThaveM aura AThaveM adhyAya meM vivecita kiyA gayA hai / AThaveM adhyAya meM mohanIyakarma ke parivAra se inheM jor3A jAtA hai| kintu ise maiM acchA nahIM mAnatA / videzI lekhakoM ko hI uddhRta karate jAye aura yaha na batAyA jAye ki Aja se 2000 varSa pUrva AcArya umAsvAmI ne kyA kahA to ThIka nhiiN| apitu tulanAtmaka dRSTi se usakA bhI vivecana kiyA jAnA cAhie / yahA~ samarambhasamArambha-Arambha kI bAta ke sAtha hI 'tIvra-mandajJAtAnAta-bhAvAdhikaraNavIrya-vizeSebhyastavizeSa:' kI bAta bhI jur3anA caahiye| karma ke saMskAra AtmA se kisa taraha se jur3ate haiM, dUSita pravRttiyoM kA mana para kyA asara par3atA hai ? ina bAtoM ko bhI rekhAMkita kiyA jAnA cAhiye / manovijJAna meM nirUpita jo 14 mUlapravRttiyA~ haiM, ve mohanIyakarma ke 28 ke parivAra meM pUrI taraha phiTa ho jAtI haiN| jitane bhI mAnasika vikAra haiM ve saba moha kI saMtAna haiM aura ina vikAroM ke saMzodhana ke liye jo upAya batAye gaye haiM unake prati bhI hameM dRSTi denA cAhiye / isake sAtha-sAtha tapa:sAdhanA, vratArAdhanA, parivahajaya, anuprekSA aura dhyAna Adi kI manovikAroM ke saMzodhana meM kyA upayogitA hai? isa tarapha bhI dhyAna diyA jAnA caahiye| jaina sAdhanA paddhati kyA damanakArI hai athavA yaha mana kI zuddhi ke sAtha AtmA ke zodhana kI prakriyA hai ? isa bAta ko bhI hameM ThIka se samajhanA jarUrI hogaa| anyathA prAya: loga jaina sAdhanA kI kaThoratA ko dekhakara ise eka damanakArI pravRtti kaha dete haiM, hameM unakI isa prAnta dhAraNA kA nirasana bhI karanA caahiye| .. ... vyaktitva ke vikAsa meM jo bAdhaka kAraNa haiM unase hameM bacanA hI cAhiye / hameM aba vyakti se vyaktitva banane kI bAta socanA cAhiye aura yaha tabhI sambhava hogA jaba hama udAtta jIvana mUlyoM ko AtmasAt kara apane jIvana meM Page #50 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ tatvArthamanna-nikA / xxV mAdhyAtmika utkrAnti kreN| tabhI kalyANa ke patha para cala skeNge| samyagdarzana se bhUmikA banI ratnatraya kI aura isakI paripUrNatA dazave adhyAya me mokSa para jAkara sampanna huii| isake viSaya meM jitanA kahA jAye utanA kama hai kyoMki pratyeka sUtra kA mUla pratipAdya to prakArAntara se ratnatraya hI hai| phira bhI inake bIjoM kA anveSaNa abhI aura karane kI jarUrata hai| yaha bhI dekhA jA sakatA hai ki kina-kina sUtroM se sIdhA ratnatraya kA sambandha hai? yadyapi AcArya umAsvAmI ne samyagdarzana kA jisa taraha se spaSTa ullekha kiyA hai, usI taraha samyagjJAna aura samyakcAritra zabda kA ullekha prathama sUtra ke alAvA nahIM pAyA jAtA hai| lekina aise aneka sUtra haiM jinameM ina sabakI sUcanAmeM hameM upalabdha hotI haiN| mAyAvatayoM kI mAnikatA jainadarzana kI aneka prAcIna niSpattiyA~ haiM jinhe eka lambe samaya taka vijJAna eva vaijJAnika asvIkArate rahe haiN| antata: unheM bhI hArakara svIkAra karanA pdd'aa| vijJAna prayogo ke AdhAra para calatA hai aura usakI niSpattiyA~ tAtkAlika hotI haiN| eka vaijJAnika jo niSkarSa detA hai, dUsarA vaijJAnika use Age bar3hAtA hai, samayAnurUpa usame parivartana bhI karatA hai| jaise paramANuvAda ko leN| DAlTana ke paramANuvAda ke bAda nyUTana aura AisTIna aura usake bAda eDikTana Adi ne paramANuvAda ke sambandha meM jo avadhAraNAyeM dI ve badalatI rhiiN| isa prakAra vijJAna kI avadhAraNAeM badalatI hai, lekina dharma kI avadhAraNAyeM sArvakAlika aura sArvabhaumika hotI haiN| unakA siddhAnta kabhI parivartita nahI hotA / bhagavAn mahAvIra ne paramANa kA jo siddhAnta batAyA vaha Aja taka cala rahA hai kyoMki vijJAna prayogo ke AdhAra para bAta karatA hai aura dharma anubhava ke AdhAra para batAyA hai| tIrthaMkaroM ko unake kevalajJAna meM jo pratyakSa haA vaha unhone apanI dezanA me kahA hai aura hamAre AcAryoM ne nibaddha kiyA / jaina AcAryoM kI bhautika aura rAsAyanika vijJAna kI dizA meM kitanI U~cI dizA thii| eka samaya taka maiTara aura enarjI ko alaga-alaga mAnA jAtA thaa| jainadarzana me isa para kAphI vimarza haA hai aura vaha ina donoM ko eka hI vastu ke do rUpa mAnatA hai| para vaijJAnika lambe samaya taka isa mAnyatA se sahamata nahI the| maiTara yAni pudagala aura enarjI yAni UrjA / Adhunika vijJAna ne aba ise svIkAra kara liyA hai| tattvArthasUtra meM eka sUtra hai - zabdabandha-saukmasthItya-saMsthAna-bhedatamarachAyAtapodyotavantazca' jisakA niSkarSa hai ki zabda, bandha, chAyA, udyota yAni prakAza, andhakAra Adi saba pudgala kI pariNatiyA~ hai| bhagavAna mahAvIra kI isa udaghoSaNA ko AcArya umAsvAmI ne 2000 varSa pahale nibaddha kara diyA thA, jise Aja vaijJAniko ne svIkArA hai| eka baDI vicitratA hai jo bAta vaijJAnika mAnate hai use to hama jaldI mAna lete haiM, paranta jo vItarAga vijJAna ke mAtA kahate haiM vaha hamArI samajha meM nahIM aatii| prAyaH aisA hotA hai ki hama vijJAna kI bAta karate hai to kevala padArtha vijJAna kI tarapha socane lagate haiN| jabaki vijJAna kA artha hai viziSTa jJAna / padArtha kI ora jaba hamArA jJAna jAtA hai taba vaha padArthavijJAna bana jAtA hai aura jaba paramArtha kI tarapha jAtA hai taba vaha adhyAtma vijJAna bana jAtA hai| jainadarzana meM jo kucha likhA hai vaha adhyAtmavijJAna kI bAta hai / isake antargata paramANu se lekara anyAnya cIjoM ke bAre meM bahuta sI bAteM likhI gaI haiN| una rahasyoM ko jaba Apa dekheMge to khuda romAMcita ho uThege / tattvArthasUtra kA pAMcavA madhyAvana meTAphijiksa kA vivaraNa detA hai| usake eka-eka sUtra para kAphI gambhIratA se vicAra kiyA jA sakatA phirojAbAda kI vigata saMgoSThI meM paudagalika skandhoM kA rAsAyanika vizleSaNa' zIrSaka se bahata acchA prakAza DAlA Page #51 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ XXX / sarakArya gayA thA / 17 aft ke viSaya meM kucha ThIka se samajha lenA caahie| jaina paramparA meM mUla pA~ca varNa batAye gaye haiM aura aura varNakrama meM sAta raMga haiN| usameM yaha batAyA hai ki zveta raMga apane meM koI raMga nahIM hai, vaha to sAtoM raMga ke mizraNa kA pariNAma hai| isa para kAphI khoja huI aura maoNpTIkala sosAyaTI oNpha amerikA ne isa bAta para apanA mantavya vyakta kiyA'unakA kahanA hai ki jaina paramparA meM jisa kalara kI bAta kahI jA rahI hai vaha usakI mUla prAparTI se jur3akara kahI jA rahI hai| jisakA sambandha hamArI reTinA se hai| solara spekTrama meM dikhane vAle raMga una mUla raMgoM kI pratichavi haiN| bI. ena. zrIvAstava aura meghanAda sAhA ne apanI eka pustaka meM yaha niSkarSa diyA hai ki 'vastutaH kisI pradArtha ke mUlaguNoM meM paoNca kalara ho hote haiM, jo jainadarzana se mela khAte haiN| yaha viSaya sabhI logoM taka pahu~canA caahie|' jIvanamUlya jIvana mUlya ke svarUpa ko jAna lenA Avazyaka hai| jIvana mUlya kyA hai ? kucha loga ise hIM nahIM samajha pAte / jIvana mUlya vaha hai jo jIvana ko kalyANa kI ora prerita kare, jo jIvana kI sampadA kI abhivRddhi kare / prAyaH hama sAmAjika mUlya aura jIvana mUlyoM ko eka samAna mAna lete haiN| jIvana mUlya kebala jIvana tattva se juDA huA hotA hai aura sAmAjika mUlya sagaThana se, samUha se jur3A hotA hai| tattvArthasUtra ke sandarbha me jIvanamUlya paraka dRSTi para yadi dhyAna kendrita kareM to hamArA dhyAna una udAtta jIvana mUlyoM para jAnA cAhiye jinakA sambandha kevala vyakti se hai, samaSTi se nhiiN| jaise - 'maitrI - pramoda - kAruNya- mAdhyasthyAni ca sattvaguNAdhikaklizyamAnAvineyeSu / ' ye udAtta jIvanamUlya hai - maitrI, pramoda, karuNA aura mAdhyamasthya kI bhAvanA / uttama kSamA, mArdava, Arjava, zauca, satya, sayama, tapa, tyAga Adi apanI cetanA kA utkarSa kara sakate haiN| 'anityAzaraNasaMsArakatvAnyatvAzucyAsavasaMvaranirjarAlokabodhidurlabhadharmasvAsyAtattvAnucintanamanuprekSA:' ina sUtro kI vyAkhyAyeM tathA isI taraha ahiMsA Adi vratoM kI unase sambaddha sUtroM kI vyAkhyAye kI jA sakatI / inako AtmasAt karake hI jIvana ke kalyANa kA mArga prazasta kara sakeMge / yadyapi jIvana mUlya para bahuta kucha likhA gayA hai, parantu tattvArthasUtra ke sandarbha meM use hAilAITa kiyA jAnA caahie| bhAratIya kAnUna evaM jainadharma bhAratIya kAnUna ke mUlasrota ko kevala eka sUtra ke dvArA batAyA gayA hai| bhAratIya daNDa vidhAna aura dharmasaMhitA meM maulika antara hai| vastuta: daNDa vidhAna Upara se Aropita hotA hai jabaki dharmasaMhitA sva- anuzAsita aura antaprerita hotI hai / antaHpreraNA se jo bhI kArya hotA vaha maulika hotA hai| jabaki bAhara se Aropita maulika nahIM ho sakatA / eka bAta aura hai, kAnUna kevala aparAdhoM kI sajA detA hai, jabaki dharma pApa ko rokane kI bAta karatA hai| daNDavidhAna meM jitane bhI kAnUna haiM ve siddha aparAdha ke liye sajA dete haiN| zArIrika aparAdha yA vAcika aparAdha to pratyakSa dikhAI dete haiM aura inakI vyavasthA yA rokane ke liye sAre kAnUna haiN| lekina jo aparAdha hamArA mana karatA hai, usako rokane ke liye duniyA meM kAnUna kI koI dhArA nahIM hai| usa mAnasika pApa ko rokane yA niyaMtrita karane ke liye tasvArthasUna Page #52 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ tattvArthasUna-nikA/xXVI meM eka sUtra diyA hai - 'mArca samaramba-samArambhArambha-yoga-kRta-kAritAnumatakaSAya-vizeSasvislisvicatusaka' yaha sampUrNa sUtra batAtA hai ki koI bhI pApa Apa mana se, vacana se yA zarIra se svayaM karate haiM yA ukta tInoM se dUsaroM se karAte haiM yA kisI ko mana, vacana, kAya se, krodha, mAna, mAyA aura lobha kaSAyoM ke vazIbhUta hokara usakI anumodanA karate haiM to Apa apanI AtmA ke lie bahuta yoniyo meM bhaTakAte haiM / ataH pApa ke prati bhI jAgRti bahuta mAvazyaka hai| daNDa dekara aparAdhI ko lohe ke sIkacoM ke bhItara banda kara sakate haiM, lekina usakI AparAdhika vRtti ko dara nahIM kara skte| usa aparAdha para niyantraNa to kevala dharma se hI sambhava hai| vA aura kAsivAta gaNita jaise durUha aura jaTila viSaya ko itane sarala tarIke se prastuta kiye jAne kA udAharaNa koI dUsarA nahIM ho sktaa| jainakarma siddhAnta kI jitanI sArthaka vivecanA kI hai vaha anUThI hai| jainakarma siddhAnta ke vizeSajJa AcArya vIrasena ne Aja se hajAroM varSa pUrva jaina gaNita meM jo kArya kiyA aura usake bAda gommaTasAra me gaNita ke jo bIja milate hai, vahA~ taka amerikA aura rUsa ko pahuMcane meM abhI 200 varSa aura lgeNge| bhUgola evaM khagola viSayaka avadhAraNA ___yadyapi jaina bhUgola aura khagola kA varNana vartamAna bhUgola aura khagola se mela nahIM khaataa| parantu isameM koI asagata bAta nahIM hai| tasvArthasatra ke tIsare aura cauthe adhyAya meM jo bhaugolika aura khagolIya carcA kI gaI hai vaha Aja ke vidyArthiyoM ko bar3I aTapaTI lagatI hai| parantu yahA~ yaha spaSTa karanA ThIka hogA ki hamAre jaina Agamo meM jo vivecana hai vaha bhAzvata bhagola ke haiN| jaina bhUgola meM do taraha kI pRthiviyoM nirUpita kI gaI hai - 1. zAzvata pRthvI aura 2. azAzvata pRthvii| aisA maiM yaha mAnatA huuN| bharata aura airAvata kSetra ke AryakhaNDa ko chor3akara sArI pRthvI zAzvata hai| jahAM hama rahate hai vaha azAzvatapRthvI hai aura yaha azAzvatapanA kAla ke prabhAva se calatA hai| kevala bharata aura airAvata kSetra me 6 kAlo kA prabhAva par3atA hai aura vaha bhI AryakhaNDa meN| tasvArthasUtra meM eka sUtra AyA hai - 'bharatarAvatapoDi-hrAsI SadAsamayAbhyAmutsarpiNyavasarpiNIbhyAm 3/27' isa sUtra ko AdhAra banAkara jaba apane cintana ko Age bar3hAyA to pAyA ki jaina bhUgola aura vartamAna bhUgola meM koI visaMgati nahIM hai| jaina anuzrutiyoM ke anurUpa pravartita kAlacakra ke bAre me jaba vicAra karate haiM to Apako yaha mAlUma honA cAhiye ki bhogabhUmi se karmabhUmi kI ora jaba kAlacakra kA pravartana hotA hai to dharatI eka yojana Upara uTha jAtI bharata aura airAvata kSetra ke AryakhaNDa kI dharatI yojana bhara Upara uTha jAne se, vaha gola dikhAI dene lagatI hai| yahI kAraNa haikiparata kSetra ke AryakhaNDa kA zeSa bharata kSetra se samparka TUTa jAtA hai| isI se aneka kSudraparvata aura upasamadra prakaTa ho merA mAnanA hai ki Aja jitane bhI mahAsAgara aura mahAdvIpa haiM, ye bharatakSetra ke kevala AryakhaNDa ke hI aMga haiM aura isa dharatI ke acAnaka Upara uTha jAne se jo utpanna huye upasamudra haiM ve koI lavaNasAgara nahIM haiN| isI prakAra jitane bhI parvata haiM ve himavAna Adi koI bhI parvata nahIM haiM ve saba kSudra parvata haiM aura inhIM se nadI Adi utpanna huI haiN| ata: Aja hameM yo svarUpa dikhatA hai vaha zAstroM meM ullikhita zAzvata bhUmi se mela nahIM khA pAtA hai| jaina bhUgola kI kAlpanikatA para jo pApa kiye jAte haiM unakA bhI samAdhAna deDhA jA sakatA hai| vidvAna loga isa cintana ko aura Age bddhaayeNge| Page #53 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ ___ guNazreNI nirjarA ke 10 sthAna zrI umAsvAmI jI ne sUtra meM likhe haiN| jabaki anyatra nirjarA ke 11 sthAna bhI nirUpita 'kiye gaye haiN| vahI sAmAnya kevalI aura samadaghAtakevalI meM antara kiyA gayA hai| 'jainatatvavidyA' jisakA praNayana sAratamunaya grantha se huA hai, meM eka sUtra AtA hai - 'ekAdA nirjarAH' arthAt nirjarA ke gyAraha sthAna haiN| gommaTasAra meM bhI 11 sthAna batAye haiN| tIrthaMkara kevalI yA sAmAnyakevalI aura samudghAtakevalI ke alaga-alaga do pada banA diye| jabaki umAsvAmI ne donoM padoM ko eka meM rakha diyA / AcArya vIrasena ne isakA kAraNa batAte hue kahA hai ki eka muni kI nirjarA kI tulanA meM saptama naraka meM rahane vAle anantAnubandhI kA visaMyojana karatA huA nArakI eka antarmuharta ke liye jyAdA nirjarA kara letA hai| yaha saba Apake liye caukAne vAlI bAta hai ki eka muni jo nirjarA kara rahA hai, usase kahIM jyAdA saptama naraka kA nArakI nirjarA kara rahA hai| isakA kAraNa batAte huye AcArya vIrasena kahate haiM - eka saMyamakANDaka janya nirjarA hai aura dUsarI anantaviyojanA janya nirjarA hai / dUsarA eka aise karma para kuThArAghAta kara rahA hai, jisane anantakAla se hameM saMsAra meM bAMdha rakhA hai| usake liye usa kAla meM utanI adhika vizuddhi apekSita hai / yahI jainadarzana ke bhAva prAdhAnya kA udAharaNa hai| jitanI adhika vizati hogI. nirjarAkA sambandha usase ja vizuddhi hI merI karma nirjarA kA AdhAra hai| maiM jitanA adhika vizuddha banegA, mere utane hI pApa ktteNge| bhale hI tattvArthasUtra kI vyAkhyA samajha meM na Ave, para hama jIvana kI isa vyAkhyA ko to samajha hI sakate haiN| karmasiddhAnta evaM manovijJAna yahA~ jainakarma siddhAnta aura Adhunika manovijJAna kI tulanA paraka jo zodha Alekha prastuta kiyA gayA, usase bahuta sAre vicAra pallavita hue haiN| unake AdhAra se katipaya naI vyAkhyAyeM bhI kI jA sakatI haiN| cUMki hamArI zabdAvalI zAstrIya hai, unheM manovijJAna kI zabdAvalI se yadi jor3anA cAheM to hameM samajhautA karanA hogaa| sIdhe zAstrIya bhASA me upayoga karane se jyAdA saphalatA nahIM milegii| ___ yahA~ saMjJA kA artha kAmanA kiyA gayA / kAma ko kAmanA se jor3A / jainAcAryoM ne do taraha kI kAmanAe~ kahI haiM1. icchAkAma, 2. madanakAma / phrAyaDa ne jise madanakAma kahA hai, yadi hama use kAmanA ke artha meM lete haiM, to use madanakAma se jor3anA cAhiye, jo vedodaya kI niSpatti hai| aura veda ko bhI AcAryoM ne rAga meM liyA hai| isaliye kaSAya aura rAga ko agara milA de to kAma zabda se isakA tAlamela jor3A jA sakatA hai| isameM koI atyukti nahIM hai| Apane dravyamana aura bhAvamana kI bAta kahI hai aura mana ko paudgalika kahA / mana paudgalika bhI hai aura apaudgalika bhii| unhoMne citta ko cetanA se jor3A hai| agara isakI vyAkhyA kareM aura citta ko cetanA kI pariNati mAna kara kSAyopathamika sthiti mAna leM aura use bhAvamana kA pratIka samajha leM to yaha apaudgalika hai| mana ko kevala aMgopAMga nAmakarma ke udaya se niSpanna eka avasthA mAneM to use dravyamana kA pratIka mAna sakate haiM, jo paudgalika hai| bhAvamana caitanyAtmaka hai| yadi hama mana ko pUrNa rUpa se paribhASita kareM to prathama to bhAvamana se joDa deM aura dUsare ko dravyamana se jor3a deM, parantu AtmA inase aura Upara uThI huI hai, yadi isa AdhAra para vyAkhyA kareM to saba kucha Agama ke anukUla baiTa jaayegaa| yahA~ puNya aura pApa kI bhI carcA kI gaI hai| isa sambandha meM hameM apanI avadhAraNA spaSTa kara lenI caahie| kabhIkabhI zAstra carcA meM yaha sunA kahate haiM ki puNya sone kI bar3I aura pApa lohe kI ber3I hai, lekina ber3I to ber3I hai tathA pApa Page #54 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ tatvArthasna-likA/xxvHI kI nirjarA to sArI duniyA karatI hai, are samyagdRSTi to vahI hai, jo puNya kI nirjarA kare / yaha saba jainAgama ko na samajha pAne kI pariNati hai yA Agama ke ajIrNa hone kA daSphala hai| thor3A ise samajhe ki puNya-pApa ko kisa apekSA se eka kahA aura kisa apekSA se alaga-alaga kahA ki puNya aura pApa donoM karma kI satAna hai, isa apekSA se eka haiN| lekina AcAryoM ne kahA "heta kAryavizeSAmyAM vizeSa: syAt puNyapApayoH / hetuzubhAzubhI bhArI, kArye ca sukhAsukhe / / ' hetu aura kArya kI vizeSatA se puNya aura pApa me antara parilakSita hotA hai / puNya aura pApa kA hetu kramaza: zubha aura azubha bhAva hai aura unakA kArya kramazaH sukha aura duHkha hai| hameM duHkha utpanna karane vAle kAraNo se bacanA cAhie aura sukha utpanna karane vAle sAdhanoM ko juTAnA caahie| karma mAmAnya hone se dono eka hai, lekina samAnatA ke AdhAra para unakI guNavattA kI ekatA ko nahIM svIkArA jA sakatA / aisA hI AcArya guNabhadra svAmI ne AtmAnuzAsana meM kahA hai ki- 'puNya aura pApa donoM eka haiM lekina donoM ke guNoM meM antara hai| lAlI - subaha kI hotI hai aura zAma kI hotI hai| lAlI paraba meM hotI hai aura pazcima meM bhI hotI hai| dekhane meM yaha jarUra eka hai lekina gaNoM me kitanA antara hai ? eka jagAtI hai to dUsarI sulAtI hai| puNya prAta: kI lAlI hai, jo hamArI cetanA meM UrjA kA macAra karatI hai aura pApa zAma kI lAlI hai jo AtmA meM mUrchA aura suSupti ke bhAva lAtI hai| eka bAra eka sajjana mere pAsa aaye| mai samayasAra kA svAdhyAya kara rahA thaa| sayoga me puNya-pApa adhikAra cala rahA thaa| unhoMne pUchA- mahArAja! puNya aura pApa meM kyA antara hai ? maine jabAva diyA - pahalA antara to yahI ki eka me DhAI akSara haiM to dUsare meM do akSara haiN| ve bole- nahI mahArAja ! maiM nizcaya se pUchanA cAha rahA hai| maine kahA - bhaiyA yadi nizcaya se pUcho to nigodiyA jIva aura siddha bhagavAna me koI antara nahIM hai| parantu kala se Apa bhagavAna kI jagaha nigodiyA kI mUrti sthApita karake unakI pUjA karanA zurU mata kara detA / tattva kA vivecana alaga-alaga bhUmikA ke anurUpa hotA hai| pAnI mala meM bhI hotA hai aura nAlI meM bhii| parantu nala kA pAnI Apa pIte haiM aura nAlI ke pAnI se Apa paraheja karate haiN| yadi pApa aura puNya meM samAnatA kI buddhi rakha loge to kahI nala kI jagaha nAlI kA pAnI hAtha meM rakha de to nArAja mata honA / AcAryoM ne puNya ko mokSamArga meM upAdeya nirUpita karate huye kahA hai - 'mokAsyApi paramapuNyAtizayacAritravizeSAtmakapauruSAbhyAmeva saMbhavAt / ' arthAt mokSa parama puNya ke atizaya aura cAritra vizeSAtmaka puruSArtha ke bala para hI sambhava hai| binA puNya ke mokSa kI upalabdhi nahIM ho sakatI / AcArya vidyAnandI jI ne tattvAvazlokavArtika meM kahA ki - puNya kI nirjarA karane bAlA mahAna hai, lekina puNya kI nirjarA to kabhI ho hI nahIM sktii| bAcArya vIrasena svAmI ne puNya kI nirjarA kA niSedha karate huye eka bar3A manovaijJAnika hetu diyA hai| unhoMne kahA ki puNya ko samyagdRSTi hAtha bhI nahIM lgaataa| yaha dhyAna rakhanA cAhiye ki puNya aura pApa kA sambandha kevala anubhAga me hai| sthitiyA~ to sabakI pApahI haiN| isa kAraNa se caudahaveM guNasthAna meM bhI utkRSTa anubhAga saba puNya prakRtiyoM kA banA rahatA hai| yahA~ prazna uThAyA gayA ki caudahaveM muNasthAna meM sAre karmoM kI sthitiyoM galA DAlI aura unane puNya kA ghAta kyoM nahIM kiyA?mAbAI bIrasena mahArAja ne kahA - 'sammAzI pasatvakammANamaNubhAgaM sahamadi' arthAt samyagdRSTi pANyakarmakA anabhAgabAta nahIM karatA, kyoki puNya kA ghAta karane ke liye saMkleza caahiye| aura sakleza karoge to pApa Page #55 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ XXIX / tatvArthasUtra-nika bandha hogA / so kauna aisA samajhadAra hogA jo puNya ke ghAta ke liye pApa kA bandha kregaa| ataH samyagdRSTi pApa kI nirjarA to karatA hai parantu puNya kA ghAta nahIM krtaa| jaisA ki maila ko dUra karane ke liye sAbuna lagAnA par3atA hai, para sAbuna ko haTAne ke liye jala dhArA DAlI jAtI hai| AcArya zrI ke mukha se jo maiMne sunA, vaha jyAdA upayukta dikhatA hai| maila haTAne ke lie pAnI DAlanA par3atA hai, pApa ke maila ko haTAne ke liye puNya kA pAnI DAlA jAtA hai, parantu pAnI ko haTAne ke liye pAnI nahIM DAlA jAtA / vastutaH puNya naukA kI yAtrA meM anukUla havA ke samAna hai, jo use gati detA hai| puNya saMsAra se pAra utArane meM sakSama banAtA hai| jaise agara ghara meM upadravI tattva ghusa jAye to kanTrola rUma meM pulisa ko phona karake bulAnA par3atA hai| pulisa upadraviyoM ko khader3akara bAhara karatA hai| phira pulisa apanA kAma karake svayaM calI jAtI hai| pApa rUpI upadravI ko khader3ane ke liye puNya pulisa kA kAma karatI hai aura use bAhara nikAla kara khuda calI jAtI hai| tatvArthasUtra kI TIkAoM kA vaiziSTaya isameM AcArya pUjyapAda kI TIkA kA ullekha karate huye unakI varNana zailI kA nirUpaNa kiyA, jo sacamuca meM vaha apane Apa meM anokhA hai| maiMne pahalA aisA TIkAgrantha dekhA hai, jisakI TIkA ke vAkya bhI sUtra kA rUpa dhAraNa kara gaye haiN| pAribhASika zabdoM ko gar3hane me jo kauzala AcArya pUjyapAda mahArAja kI kRti me dikhatA hai vaisA anyatra durlabha hai / yahA~ zrutasAgarasUri kI bAta bhI kI gii| isa sambandha me hameM yaha dhyAna rakhanA hai ki bhaTTArakIya paramparA me jaina sAhitya me jo vikRti yA mizraNa huA hai, usako kabhI nakArA nahI jA sktaa| madhyakAla meM bhaTTArakIya paramparA kA jora bar3hA aura bahuta sI aisI avAchita bAte jaina sAhitya meM jur3a gaI, jinakA jainadarzana se kucha lenA-denA nahIM thA / zrutasAgarasUri ne aneka aisI bAteM likhI jo gale utarane lAyaka nahIM haiN| isa viSaya para vidvAnoM dvArA cintana avazya honA caahie| paNDita kailAzacanda jI dvArA likhita 'jaina sAhitya kA itihAsa' (donoM bhAga), evaM paM. jugalakizora mukhtAra jI kA 'jainasAhitya ke itihAsa para vizada prakAza' tathA 'yugavIra nibandhAvalI' aura ratanalAla kaTAriyA kI 'jaina nibandha ratnAvalI' vidvAnoM ko par3hanA cAhiye | Apa inheM par3hakara svayaM isa niSkarSa para pahu~ceMge, ki sAhityakAra deza-kAla kI paristhitiyoM se achUtA nahIM hotaa| isaliye bahuta bAra aisA bhI huA hai, ki samaya aura paristhitiyoM se samajhautA karake hameM yaha saba cIje apanAnI par3atI haiN| AcArya zrI jI ne eka bAra zrI cArukIrti bhaTTAraka ke sAmane hI, jabalapura meM san 1988 meM eka ghaTanA kahI thI, ki bhIma ne kIcaka ke vadha ke liye sAr3I pahanI thii| vastutaH bhIma ko sAr3I pahananA par3I thii| bhaTTAraka paramparA kI jo zurUAta huI, vaha aise hI samaya paristhitiyoM kI preraNA aura prabhAva ke kAraNa huI thii| AcArya zrI ne kahA thA Aja vaha paristhiti nahIM hai, kIcaka ke badha ke bAda bhI yadi bhIma sADI meM lipaTA hai to acchA nahI dikhtaa| use to lagoMTa meM Akara khule maidAna meM gadA ghumAkara apane pauruSa aura parAkrama kA pradarzana karanA caahie| mahArAja zrI kA isake pIche kevala yahI bhAva hai, ki jinaliMga kI jo vyavasthA hai, usake antargata bhaTTArakIya vyavasthA ko kahA~ phiTa kiyA jAye ? vidvAnoM ko isa para vicAra karanA cAhie / 1 Page #56 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ 'jyotirmaya jIvana' tattvArthasUtra- nikaSa / XXX eka dina maine pU. munizrI se prazna kiyA, 'gurudeva ! dhaSTatA kSamA kareM para kRpayA yaha batalAye ki, 'divya jIvana ke dvAra' ke pAra pahuMca kara ApakI 'aMtasa kI AMkheM' khulI athavA 'aMtasa kI AMkheM khulane ke bAda 'divya jIvana ke dvAra' ke darzana huye|' - gurudeva ne manda manda muskarAte huye kahA - 'aMtasa kI AMkheM' jaba khulatI haiM, tabhI 'divya jIvana ke dvAra' ke darzana hote haiM / 'sA~cI to gaMgA hai, vItarAga vANI' satanA cAturmAsa kAla meM pUjya munizrI kA hara kSaNa mAno adhyayana-adhyApana meM hI vyatIta hotA thaa| kAryakramoM kI lambI zrRMkhalA ke bIca bhI ve apane isa krama ko bhaga nahI hone dete the| prAtaHkAla 'jainatatva : vidyA' kI kakSA lagatI thI jisameM bhArI bhIr3a hotI thii| aparAnha me 'sAgAra dharmAmRta' kA adhyayana hotA isa samaya bhI acchI upasthiti hotI / AhAra ke uparAMta aura saMdhyA meM AcArya bhakti ke uparAMta lagabhaga AdhA pauna ghaNTe praznottara calatA aura isameM baccoM se lekara yuvAoM-yuvatiyoM ko khUba AnaMda aataa| vibhinna viSayo para prazna pUche jAte aura tvarita saTIka samAdhAna prApta hotA / 'rAmAyaNa - gItA jJAnavarSA ' pUjya munizrI ke mukhAra binda se jisane bhI rAmAyaNa aura gItA para huye pravacanoM ko sunA vaha pUjya munizrI ke talasparzI jJAna para vimugdha hokara raha gyaa| pahalI bAra usane abUjhe / anachuye praznoM kA samAdhAna prApta kiyA aura rAma tathA kRSNa usake aMdara meM adhika gahare taka utarate cale gye| logoM kI juvAna basa eka hI bAta thI 'rAmAyaNa aura mahAbhArata ke pAtroM kA aisA caritra citraNa to hamane pahalI bAra sunA hai| apanI AtmA meM samAye 'bhAtama rAma' ke Aja hI darzana kiye haiM hamane / ' prastuti : si. T jayakumAra jaina Page #57 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ pUjya AcArya vidyAsAgara jI mahArAja ke vizeSa cintana * prastuti ratanalAla bainADA prathama adhyAya - tatAmANe / / 10 // kA artha aisA bhI hotA hai - vaha pramANa do prakAra kA hai kSAyika tathA kSAyopazamika / - tanisargAdadhigamArA // 3 // yahA~ nisargaja samyagdarzana se pahale usa jIva ko isa janma meM yA pichale janma meM dezanA milI ho ho, yaha Avazyaka nahIM mAnanA caahie| - Asava kArmaNavargaNAoM kA karma rUpa pariNamana honA hai| - aryasya / / 17yahA~ taka vyakta padArtha ke avagraha Adi kA varNana huA / (kyoMki nIce avyakta kA kathana AyegA) - sarvavyapayiSu kevalasya / / 39 / / kevalajJAna kA viSaya sabhI dravyoM meM to hai parantu unakI bhUta aura bhaviSyat kAla kI ananta paryAyoM meM tathA vartamAna kAla sambandhI samasta paryAyoM meM hotA hai| - zrutaM matipUrva tapanekadAdAbhedam / / 20 / / isakA artha yaha bhI ho sakatA hai ki zrutajJAna matijJAnapUrvaka hotA hai aura usake do bheda haiM - bhAvazruta aura dravyazruta / bhAvazruta ke aneka prakAra haiM aura dravyazruta ke 12 prakAra haiN| ritIya adhyAya -jAnAzAnAdarzana ..... / / 5 / / meM antima ca zabda se sajJitva kA matijJAna meM, mitha kA samyaktva meM tathA yoga kA kSAyozamika vIrya meM antarbhAva mAnanA caahie| - zrI SaTkhaNDAgamakAra ke anusAra nigoda ko vanaspatikAya se alaga bhI mAnA gayA hai| - nivRtyupakaraNe dravyendriyam / / 17 / / isameM Abhyantara nivRtti jIvAtmaka hai aura bAhya nivRtti tathA donoM upakaraNa ajIvAtmaka haiN| - vigrahagati meM rahane vAlA jIva janma sahita nahIM hotA / apane zarIra yogya vargaNAoM kA grahaNa prArambha karate hI janma mAnA jAtA hai / janma ke liye zarIranAmakarma kA udaya apekSita hotA hai| - paryAptaka nAmakarma kA udaya hone para bhI vigrahagati meM vaha jIva aparyAptaka hI kahalAtA hai| .. *1/205, hariparvata, prophesara kAlonI, AgarA, Page #58 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ 2 / svArthasUtra-nikava eka hI jInyAnAhArakaH || 30 || isa sUtra meM vA kA artha 'kevalIsamudghAta ke tIna samayoM meM tathA caudahaveM guNasthAna meM bhI jIva anAhAraka hotA hai' lagAnA caahiye| - - anAvitAn ca / 1 41 11 sUtra meM ca se tAtparya hai ki taijasa aura kArmaNazarIra kA jova se anAdi sambandha hai bhI aura nahIM bhI hai| - - zubhaM vizuddha.... // 49 || sUtra ke artha meM ca se 'yaha labdhipratyaya hI hotA hai' aisA artha lagAnA caahie| - - pRthivyap .... / / 13 11 meM yaha krama rakhane kA kAraNa sakhyA meM uttarottara adhikatA honA hai| - anantaguye pare // 39 || isakA artha 'AhAraka se taijasa va kArmANazarIra meM anantaguNe pradeza hote haiM' lagAnA caahiye| 'taijasa se bhI, kArmANa me anantaguNe pradeza hote haiM ' yaha artha sUtra se nahIM nikalatA / / tRtIya adhyAya - ghanodadhivAtavalaya sahI zabda nahIM hai| isake sthAna para ghanodadhivalaya bolanA caahiye| - hemArjuna // 12 // meM hemamayA kA artha svarNa Adi se nirmita ThIka lagatA hai bajAya sone jaise raMga vAle ke / .... arthAt ye parvata sone Adi ke haiN| kyoMki maNiyoM svarNa Adi para jar3I huI acchI lgeNgii| * maNivicitra.... || 13 || isa sUtra meM parvata kA AkAra dIvAra jaisA bhI ho sakatA hai athavA mRdaga yA isa jaisA anya aneka prakAra kA bhI ho sakatA hai| - videheSu saMstheyakAlAH // 31 || artha me videha Adi karmabhUmiyoM meM saMkhyAta varSa kI Ayu hotI hai aisA lenA caahie| - saMkliSTA..... 11 5 11 ke anta meM die gae ca se tAtparya hai ki kabhI-kabhI devo dvArA sukha bhI diyA jAtA hai| - isa adhyAya kA sUtra na. 11 yadi 10 na. para hotA aura sUtra 10 11 na. para hotA to jyAdA acchA thaa| - zAzvata tathA azAzvata donoM bhogabhUmiyoM me jaghanya va utkRSTa Ayu ke sabhI vikalpa hai| - - mAlecchA || 36 || ima sUtra meM ca zabda se sammUrcchana manuSya lagAnA cAhie / caturtha adhyAya - Avitasmi..... // 2 // Adi ke tIna nikAyoM meM kRSNanIla kapota pIta ye cAra lezyAyeM hotI haiN| arthAt ina tIna nikAyoM meM AcArya umAsvAmI ke anusAra paryApta avasthA meM ye cAroM lezyA meM pAI jAtI hai| vaimAnikAH || 16 || arthAt aba yahAM se vaimAnika devoM kA varNana prArambha hotA hai| 1 - vRhaspati zabda ko trAyastriMza jAti meM mAnanA cAhie / - * * pare pravIcArAH // 9 // solahaveM svarga se Age sabhI pUrva janma meM mahAmuni hote haiM, ata: pravIcAra se rahita hote haiN| inake vedanA to hai para aisI nahIM, jisakA pratIkAra Avazyaka ho / - kammopapannAH ... | 17 11 ke anta meM jo ca hai, usakA artha yaha bhI hai ki ye vimAna avasthita bhI haiN| - tadaSTamAnorAH // 41 11 jyotiSiyoM kI jaghanya Ayu eka palya se kucha adhika kA AThavAM bhAga hotI hai yaha sUtra kA sahI artha nikalatA hai| A . Page #59 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ -maalyaagaadie....||15|| jIvoM kA avagAha loka ke asaMkhyAtaveM bhAma meM, loka ke asaMkhyAta bahubhAya meM (pratara samudghAta ke samaya) tathA lokapramANa meM hotA hai| -biivaar| AjIva bhI dravya hai aura mastikAya bhii| -nindharakSavAda bandhaH / / 33 1 snigdha aura rUkSa guNavAlA hone se paramANu meM bandha hotA hai| vizeSa - AtmA meM bhI rAga aura dveSabhAva hone se bandha hotA hai| - saMkhyAta aura asaMkhyAta pradezI vargaNAyeM hamAre upayoga meM nahIM aatii| maiMdA kA eka kaNa bhI ananta aNuoM ke saMghAta se banane ke kAraNa anantapradezI hai| - Atapa kA artha- jo prakAza A~khoM ko na suhAye tathA udyota kA artha-jisa prakAza ko oNkha dekhanA cAhe lagA lenA caahiye| - aNava: skandhAzca / / 25 / / yahA~ ca zabda se skandha ke chaha bheda bhI hote hai, aisA lenA caahie| - jIva sirpha jIva para hI upakAra karatA hai, anya pAca para nhii| kyoMki ve pAco ajIva dravya upakAra nahIM maante| - prakAza me gati nahIM hai, jabaki zabda gatimAna hotA hai| - so'nantasamayaH / / 40 / / arthAt ananta paryAyoM ko eka sAtha utpanna karAne vAlA bhI hotA hai| pA ambAba - kAyavAlmanaHkarmayogaH / / 1 / / kA uccAraNa 'kAyavAGmanaH karma yoga:' honA caahie| - bhUtAtyanukampAdAna ... / / 12 || kA artha karate samaya saba prANiyoM para anukampA aura vratiyoM para anukampA rakhanA acchA sA nahI lagatA / isakI bajAya bhUtAnukampA - jIva mAtra para anukampA rakhanA tathA vratiyoM ko dAna denA, aisA artha kiyA jAye to acchA lagatA hai| - solahakAraNa bhAvanAeM savara tathA nirjarA kI bhI hetu hai, ata: isa adhyAya meM savara va nirjarA kA bhI varNana hai| - pada lekara tadyogya AcaraNa na karanA bhI sagha kA avarNavAda hai| sapAma adhyAya * isa adhyAya meM zubhAmrava kA varNana to hai hI, pravRtti rUpa saMvara kA bhI varNana hai| nivRtti rUpa savara kA varNana nauveM adhyAya meM khege| kyoMki saptama adhyAya meM saba vrato ke doSa batAne se pUrva samyaktva ke bhI atIcAro kA varNana - yadi kisI vastu ke saMyoga hone para harSa aura viyoga hone para duHkha ho to usa vastu se mUrchA mAnanI caahie| - gAya ke ijekzana lagAkara dUdha nikAlanA athavA kisI para bahuta dabAva dekara dAna lenA, bolI bulavAnA bhI adattAdAna hai| - rupayA yA vartamAna mudrA ko hiraNya meM lenA caahie| -vizAnodaya..... // 21 11 ke anta meM ca zabda se pratimAoM tathA sallekhanA ko grahaNa karanA caahie| - duHpakvAhAra - kama yA adhika pakA huA bhojana athavA dubArA garma kiyA gayA bhojana yaha bhI lenA caahiye| ThaMDe cAvala hone para dubArA choMka lagAnA bhI duHpakvAhAra hai| Page #60 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ 4 / tattvArthasUtra - nikaSa - kSetravAstu .... 11 29 11 isa sUtra meM kupya ke bAda bhAMDa bhI bolanA jyAdA ThIka lagatA hai| prAcIna pANDulipiyoM meM isa sUtra meM bhAMDa zabda dekhane meM AtA hai| kyoMki eka-eka vrata ke 5-5 atIcAra batAye haiM, unameM pUre 5 jor3e bane / ataH 10 bAhya parigrahoM kI saMkhyA kI pUrti nahIM hotI 1 - agArthanagArazca // // yahA~ ca zabda se kSullaka ailaka bhI anagAra haiM yadi unhoMne ghara chor3a diyA ho to / eka sthAna para rahe aura eka hI cauke meM khAve to 11 vIM pratimA nahIM ho sktii| - ahama adhyAda - mithyAdarzanAvirati .... / / 1 / isa sUtra meM bandhahetavaH kA artha ye dravyapratyaya haiM / - saMghAtanAmakarma - nokarmavargaNAoM kA aisA nizchidra honA ki unameM havA kA AnA-jAnA to banA rahe, para khUna Adi na nikle| - uccaizca 11 12 11 isa sUtra meM ca zabda se aisA lenA cAhiye ki gotrakarma ke ucca ucca, ucca, uccanIca, nIca ucca, , nIca tathA nIca-nIca ye chaha bheda bhI hote hai| - tatazca nirjarA // 23 // | yahA~ ca zabda se tapa se bhI nirjarA hotI hai aisA lenA caahiye| athavA avipAkanirjarA bhI hotI hai| IryApatha Asava ke pahale samaya meM bandha aura agale samaya meM nirjarA hotI hai| navama adhyAya - satkArapuraskAra parISahajaya kA artha 'apanA yogya satkAra na hone para bhI satuSTa rahanA hai| sAtha meM aisA bhI lenA cAhiye ki atyadhika satkAra yA bhIr3a ekatrita hone para citta meM praphullatA na honA' bhI satkAra puraskAra parISahajaya hai| yaha jyAdA kaThina hai / * saMsthAnavicaya- loka ke AkAra ke sAtha-sAtha, zarIra kI apavitratA kA cintana bhI sasthAnavicaya dharmadhyAna hai| - eSaNAsamiti meM bhojana ke sAtha upavAsa bhI uddiSTa nahIM honA caahie| kSetroM para khulI huI santazAlA, tyAgIvratI bhavana yA dAnazAlAoM ke bhojana se bhI eSaNAsamiti nahIM palatI hai / gyArahaveM aura bArahaveM guNasthAnoM meM Adi ke donoM zukladhyAna pAye jAte haiN| - - AcAravastu kA artha caryA kaisI honI cAhiye, mAtra itanA jJAna honaa| mUlaguNoM ke nAmollekha kA jJAna nahIM honaa| ye dravyazruta sambandhI kArikA Adi nahIM yAda kara paate| - makAna banAkara Ananda manAnA, cAbI kI surakSA rakhanA, dukAna kI surakSA rakhanA, saba raudradhyAna hai| - phlaza kI laiTarina meM jAnA tathA yogya sthAna para malamUtra kSepaNa na karane se pratiSThApanA samiti naSTa ho jAtI hai| - sAmAnyakevalI se samudghAtagata kevalI kI aura usase ayoga kevalI kI asakhyAtaguNI nirjarA hotI hai| balama abbA -- mukta AtmAe~ niSkriya nahIM haiN| yahA~ siddha banane ke bAda unakA gamana sAta rAjU hotA hai| vahA~ bhI ye Urdhvagamana svabhAva se sahita haiN| parantu dharmadravya ke abhAva hone se Upara gamana nahIM ho rahA hai| aisA nahIM jo siddhoM meM lokAnta taka jAne kI hI upAdAna zakti ho 1 * Iyara dharmadravya nahIM hai, kyoMki Ithara to pudgala hai para dharmadravya pudgala nahIM / Page #61 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ tasmArthasUna niva tattvArthasUtra ke kartA AcArya mudrapiccha : jIvanavRtta * vijayakumAra jaina nAma kI sArthakatA : bhagavAn mahAvIra kI zramaNazruta-paramparA meM unake mokSa jAne ke lagabhaga 500 varSa pazcAt arthAt IsavI prathama zatAbdI ke AsapAsa bhagavAn mahAvIra kI mukharita vANI ke prastotA, AgamagranthakarttA, AdyasUtrakAra, jaina vAGmaya ke maNikAJcanagranya tattvArthasUtra apara nAma mokSazAstra ke racayitA zrutakevalI svarUpa gaNIndra AcArya gRddhapiccha ko parama prabhAvaka AcAryoM kI paramparA meM atizaya viziSTa sthAna prApta hai| ve saMskRta bhASA ke prakANDa vidvAn the / AgamagranthoM ke sAtha-sAtha samasta darzanagranthoM kA unhoMne gambhIra adhyayana kiyA thA / suprasiddha AdhasUtra grantha tattvArthasUtra unakI bahuzrutatA kA pratIka hai| inakA apara nAma umAsvAmI yA umAsvAti bhI prApta hotA hai| AcArya vIrasena ne jIvasthAna ke kAlAnuyogadvAra meM tattvArthasUtra aura usake kartA gRddhapicchAcArya ke nAmollekha ke sAtha eka sUtra uddhRta kiyA hai. - taha gRddhapicchAriyappayAsiyataccatyasute vi 'vatanapariNAmakriyAH paratvAparatve ca kAlasya' iti davvakAlo phrUvido / ' isa uddharaNa se spaSTa hai ki tattvArthasUtra ke racayitA gRddhapicchAcArya haiM / isakA samarthana AcArya vidyAnanda ke tasvArthazlokavArtika se bhI hotA hai - 'etena gRddhapicchAcAryaparyantamunisUtreNa vyabhicAratA nirastA / " yahA~ vidyAnanda jI ne bhI tattvArthasUtra ke kartA kA nAma gRddhapicchAcArya batalAyA hai| tattvArthasUtra ke kisI TIkAkAra ne bhI nimna padya meM tattvArthasUtra ke racayitA kA nAma gRddhapicchAcArya diyA hai tatvArthasUcakarttAraM vRddhapicchopalakSitam / vande gaNIndrasaMjAtamumAsvAmimunIzvaram // ' 1. dhavalA pu. 5/316 2. svArthazlokavArtika, pR.6 3. tasvArthasUtra, prazasti, * varddhamAna kAlonI, sAgara, (07582) 268506 - Page #62 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ 6 / satyArthasUna-nikava isameM gRpAcArya nAma ke sAtha unakA dUsarA nAma umAsvAmi munIzvara bhI batalAyA gayA hai| AcArya vAdirAja ne bhI apane pArzvanAtha caritra meM gRddhapiccha nAma kA ullekha kiyA hai AkAza meM ur3ane kI icchA karane vAle pakSI jisa prakAra apane pakhoM kA sahArA lete hai, usI prakAra mokSarUpI nagara ko jAne ke lie bhavyaloga jina munIzvara kA sahArA lete haiM una mahAmanA agaNita guNoM ke bhaNDAra svarUpa gRddhapiccha nAmaka muni mahArAja ke lie merA savinaya namaskAra hai| atuccha guNasampAtaM gRddhapicchaM nato'smi tam / pakSIkurvanti yaM bhavyA nirvANAyotpattiSNavaH // sauregolA ke eka abhilekha meM gRddhapiccha nAma kI sArthakatA aura AcArya kundakunda ke vaza meM unakI utpatti batalAte hue unakA umAsvAti nAma bhI diyA hai| yathA - eka anya zilAlekha meM bhI gRddhapiccha kA ullekha prApta hotA hai - mabhUdumAsthAtimuniH pavitre vaMze tadIye sakalArthavedI, sUtrIkRtaM yena jinapraNItaM zAstrArthajAtaM munipuGgavena / ya prANi saMrakSaNasAvadhAnI babhAra yogI kila gRddhapakSAn, tadA prabhRtyaiva budhA yamAhurAcArya zabdottaragRddhapiccham // ' 1. pArzvanAtha caritra 1/16 2. jaina 3. vahI se, 43, pR.43. AcArya kundakunda ke pavitra vaza me sakalArtha ke jJAtA umAsvAti munIzvara hue, ' jinhoMne jinapraNIta dvAdAzAgavANI ko sUtroM meM nibaddha kiyA / ina AcArya ne prANirakSA ke hetu gRddhapiccho ko dhAraNa kiyaa| isI kAraNa ve gRddhapicchAcArya ke nAma se prasiddha hue / abhilekhIya sAkSya me gRddhapicchAcArya ko zrutakevalidezIya bhI kahA gayA hai| isase unakA Agama sambandhI sAtizaya jJAna bhI prakaTa hotA hai| bhUdumAsvAtimunIzvaro'sAvAcArya zabdo saragRddhapiccha / tadanvaye tatsadRzo'sti nAnyastAtkAlikA zeSapadArthavedI // ' tasvArthasUtra ke racayitA gRddhapicchAcArya kA ullekha zravaNabelagolA ke abhilekha nambara 40, 42, 43, 47 aura 50 meM pAyA jAtA hai| abhilekha saMkhyA 105 aura 108 meM tasvArthasUtra ke karttA kA nAma umAsvAti bhI AyA hai aura gRddhapiccha unakA dUsarA nAma batalAyA gayA hai| yathA 1 zrImAnumAsthAtira patIzastattvArthasUna prakaTIcakAra, yanmuktimArgAcaraNocatAnAM pAveyamanyaM bhavati prajAnAm / prathama bhAga, saM. 108, pR. 210-11 Page #63 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ sAni tasyaiva ziSyosaft vRddhapiSThadvitIyasaMjJasya balAkapiccha:, yatsUktiratnAni bhavanti loke muktvanAmohanamaNDanAni // yatiyoM ke adhipati zrImAn umAsvAti ne tattvArthasUtra ko prakaTa kiyA, jo mokSamArga ke AcaraNa meM udyata mumukSujanoM ke lie utkRSTa pAtheya hai| unhIM kA gRddhapiccha dUsarA nAma hai| isa gRddhapicchAcArya ke eka ziSya balAkapiccha the, jinake sUktiratna muktyaGganA ke mohana karane ke lie AbhUSaNoM kA kAma dete haiM / isa prakAra digambara sAhitya aura abhilekhoM kA adhyayana karane se yaha jJAta hotA hai ki tattvArthasUtra ke racayitA gRddhapicchAcArya aparanAma umAsvAmI yA umAsvAti haiM / kucha vidvAnoM ne tattvArthasUtra kA racayitA AcArya kundakunda ko mAnA hai, kintu pa. jugalakizora mukhtAra ne unakI AlocanA karate hue likhA hai - 'tattvArthasUtra ke racayitA ke sambandha meM eka anya mata yaha hai ki vAcaka umAsvAti isa sUtragrantha ke racayitA haiM / pa. sukhalAla saMghavI ne tattvArthasUtra vivecana kI prastAvanA meM vAcaka umAsvAti ko tattvArthasUtra kA karttA mAnA hai, gRddhapiccha umAsvAti ko nhiiN| ve kahate haiM ki gRddhapiccha umAsvAti nAma ke AcArya hue avazya haiM, parantu unhoMne tattvArthasUtra yA tattvArthAdhigama zAstra kI racanA nahIM kI hai| unhoMne isa sUtragrantha kA ullekha 'tattvArthAdhigama' zAstra ke nAma se kiyA hai, parantu yaha nAma tattvArthasUtra kA na hokara usake bhASya kA hai|' tattvArthAdhigamabhASya kI racanA ke pUrva tattvArthasUtra para aneka TIkAeM likhI jA cukIM thiiN| sarvArthasiddhi kA nimna sUtra tasvArthAdhigama bhASya meM kucha parivardhana ke sAtha pAyA jAtA hai, jisase bhASya kI sarvArthasiddhi se uttarakAlInatA avagata hotI hai - ka. matibutayornibandho dravyevvasarvaparyayeSu / ' kha. matiSutabornibandhaH sarvadravyedhvasarva paryAyeSu / ' yahA~ tattvArthAdhimabhASya meM sarvArthasiddhi mAnya sUtrapATha kI apekSA dravyapada ke sAtha vizeSaNa rUpa se 'sarva' pada svIkAra kiyA gayA hai, kintu jaba ve hI bhASyakAra isa sUtra ke uttarArdha ko 1/20 ke bhASya meM uddhRta karate haiM to usakA rUpa sarvArthasiddhi mAnya sUtrapATha le letA hai| yathA- 'azAha matizrutayostulyaviSayatvaM vakSyati - "dravyeSvasarvamayayiSu" iti / " - isase jJAta hotA hai ki bhASya ke pUrva tattvArthasUtra para sarvArthasiddhi TIkA likhI jA cukI thI aura usameM tattvArthasUtra 1. jainazilAlekhasaMgraha, prathama bhAga, saM. 105, pR. 198. 2. jaina sAhitya aura itihAsa para vizada prakAza, pR. 102-5. 3. sarvArthasiddhi 1/ 26. 4. tavAdhiyamabhASya 1/27, 5. vahI, 1 / 20. Page #64 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ kA eka sUtrapATha nirdhArita kiyA jA cukA thaa| AcArya siddhasenagaNi aura AcArya haribhadra ne bhI tattvArthAdhigama bhASyakAra dvArA ullikhita pATha na svIkAra karate hue usake uttarArddha se sarva pada kyoM chor3a diyA hai| yadi 'sarva' pada kI 'dravya' pada ke vizeSaNa ke rUpa meM AvazyakatA thI to unhoMne aisA karate samaya dhyAna kyoM nahIM rakhA ? yaha eka aisA prazna hai, jisakI upekSA nahIM kI jA sktii| bahuta sambhava hai ki unhoMna prAcIna sUtrapATha kI paramparA ko dhyAna meM rakhakara hI prathama adhyAya ke 20 veM sUtra ke bhASya meM use diyA, jo sarvArthasiddhi meM upalabdha thaa| isase vidita hotA hai ki tattvArthAdhigamabhASya likhate samaya vAcaka umAsvAti ke samakSa sarvArthasiddhi athavA usameM mAnya sUtrapATha rahA hai| arthavikAsa kI dRSTi se vicAra karane para pratIta hotA hai ki tattvArthAdhigama bhASya ko sarvArthasiddhi ke bAda likhA gayA hai| kAla ke upakAraprakaraNa meM sarvArthasiddhi meM pAtva aura aparatva ye do hI bheda kiye gaye haiN| jabaki tattvArthAdhigama bhASya meM usake tIna bheda upalabdha hote haiN| ata eva prajJAcakSa paM. sukhalAla jI kA yaha abhimata, ki tattva tasvArthAdhigama bhASyakAra eka hI vyakti haiM, samIcIna pratIta nahIM hotaa| tasvArthasUtra ke do sUtrapATha ho jAne para bhI aise adhikatara sUtra haiM, jo donoM paramparAoM meM mAnya haiM aura unameM bhI kucha aise sUtra apane mUla rUpa meM upalabdha haiM, jinake racayitA kI sthiti para prakAza par3atA hai| paNDita phUlacandra jI zAstrI ne 1. tIrthakaraprakRti ke bandha ke kAraNoM kA pratipAdaka sUtra, 2. bAIsa parISahoM kA pratipAdaka sUtra, 3. kevalijina ke 11 parISahoM ke sadbhAva kA pratipAdaka sUtra aura 4. eka jIva ke eka sAtha parISahoM kA saMkhyAbodhaka sUtra, ina cAra sUtroM ko upasthita kara tatvArthasUtra aura tattvArthAdhigama bhASya ke racayitAoM ko bhinna-bhinna vyakti siddha kiyA hai|' paNDita phUlacandra jI ne 'umAsvAtivAcakasvopajJasUtrabhASye' pada ke paNDita sukhalAla saghavI dvArA diye gaye artha kI samIkSA karate hue likhA hai - "paNDita jI, bhASyakAra aura sUtrakAra eka hI vyakti hai, isa pakSa meM usakA artha lagAne kA prayatna karate haiM, kintu isa pada kA sIdhA artha hai - umAsvAtivAcaka dvArA banAyA huA sUtrabhASya / yahA~ 'umAsvAtibAcakopaja' pada kA sambandha sUtra se na hokara usake bhASya se hai| dUsarA pramANa paNDitajI ne 9veM adhyAya ke 22 veM satra kI siddhasenIya TIkA upasthita kara diyA hai - yaha pramANa bhI sandehAspada hai, kyoMki siddhasenagaNi kI TIkA kI jo prAcIna pratiyA~ upalabdha hotI haiM, unameM 'svakRtasUtrasagnivezamAzrityoktam' pATha ke sthAna meM 'kRtastatra sUtrasannivezamAzrityoktam' pATha bhI upalabdha hotA hai| bahuta sambhava hai ki kisI lipikAra ne tatvArthasUtra kA vAcaka umAsvAti kartatva dikhalAne ke abhiprAya se 'kRtastatra' kA saMzodhana kara 'svakRta' pATha banAyA ho aura bAda meM yaha pATha cala par3A ho|"2 ____ ataH tattvArtha athavA tattvArthasUtra aura tattvArthAdhigamabhASya do pRthak-pRthak racanAeM haiN| tattvArtha sarvArthasiddhi se pUrvavartI aura tatvArthAdhigamabhASya usase uttaravartI racanA hai| ataeva tatvArthAdhigamabhASya ke kartA vAcaka umAsvAti rahe hogeM, para mUla tattvArthasUtra ke kartA gRddhapicchAcArya haiM / isa nAma kA ullekha nau vIM zatAbdI ke AcArya vIrasena aura vidyAnanda jaise AcAryoM ke sAhitya meM milatA hai| uttarakAla meM abhilekhoM aura granthoM meM umAsvAmI aura umAsvAti ina do nAmoM se bhI inakA ullekha kiyA gayA hai| lagabhaga isI samaya zvetAmbara sampradAya meM hae siddhasenagaNi ke ullekhoM se 1. sarvArthasiddhi, prastAvanA, pR. 65-8. 2.vahI, pa. 58. Page #65 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ tatyAdhigama bhAvya kA racavitA vAcaka umAsvAti ko mAnA gayA aura inheM hI tasvArthasUma kA racayitA bhI batA diyA gyaa| para mUla aura bhASyaM donoM kA antaHparIkSaNa karane para ve donoM pRthak-pRthak do vibhizakAlIna kartRka siddha hote haiN| jaisA ki Upara ke vivecana se prakaTa hai| parama prabhAvaka AcAryoM kI paramparA meM umAsvAmI eka aise AcArya hue haiM, jinako digambara aura zvetAmbara donoM samAnabhAvena sammAna dete haiM aura inheM apanI-apanI paramparA kA mAnane meM gaurava kA anubhava karate haiN| digambara paramparA meM gRddhapiccha, umAsvAmI aura umAsvAti tInoM nAma pracalita haiN| zvetAmbara paramparA meM kevala umAsvAti nAma hI prasiddha hai| umAsvAmI aise yuga kA pratinidhitva karate the jaba saMskRta bhASA kA mUlya bar3ha rahA thaa| jainetara saghoM meM uccakoTi ke saMskRta granthoM kA sRjana ho rahA thaa| jainazAsana meM bhI jaina saMskRta vidvAnoM kI apekSA anubhUta hone lagI thI, isa AvazyakatA kI sampUrti meM umAsvAti jaise uccakoTika vidvAn kI upalabdhi jainasaMgha meM huii| AcArya umAsvAmI bejor3a sagrAhaka the / jaina tattva ke saMgrAhaka AcAryoM meM umAsvAmI sarvaprathama haiM / unake tattvArthasUtra meM jainadarzana se sambandhita prAya: sabhI viSayoM kA anupama sagraha prApta hotA hai| AgamavANI kA yaha apUrvasAra grantha hai| AcArya umAsvAmI kI isI medhA se prabhAvita hokara AcArya hemacandra ne kahA - 'upa umAsvAti saMgrahItAra:' jaina tattva ke saMgrAhaka AcAryoM meM umAsvAmI agraNI haiN| guruparamparA: gRddhapicchAcArya kisa anvaya meM hue yaha vicAraNIya hai| nandisaMgha kI paTTAvalI aura zravaNabelagolA ke abhilekhoM se yaha prabhAvita hotA hai ki gRddhapicchAcArya AcArya kundakunda ke anvaya meM hue haiM / nandisaMgha kI paTTAvali vikrama ke rAjyAbhiSeka se prArambha hotI hai| vaha nimna prakAra hai - ___ 1. bhadrabAhu dvitIya (4), 2. guptigupta (26), 3. mAghanandi (36), 4. jinacandra (40), 5. kundakundAcArya (49), 6. umAsvAmI (101), 7. lohAcArya (142), 8. yaza kIrti (153), 9. yazonandi (211), 10. devanandi (258), 11. jayanandi (308), 12. gaNanandi (358), 13. vajranandi (364), 14. kumAranandi (386), 15. lokacanda (427), 16. prabhAcandra (453), 17. nemicandra (472), 18. bhAnunandi (487), 19. siMhanandi (508), 20. vasunandi (525), 21. vIranandi (531), 22. ralanandi (561), 23. mANikyanandi (585), 24. meghacandra (601), 25. zAntikIrti (627), 26. merukIrti (642) uparyukta paTTAvali meM AyA huA guptigupta kA nAma arhabali ke liye AyA hai| anya pramANoM se siddha hai ki nandisaMgha kI sthApanA arhadvali ne kI thI aura isake prathama paTTadhara AcArya mAdhanandi hue| isa krama se gRddhapiccha nandisaMgha ke paTTa para virAjamAna hone vAle AcAryoM meM caturtha Ate haiM aura inakA samaya vIra nirvANa saMvat 51 siddha hotA hai| ataeva 1. masiddhAntamAskara, bhAga 1, kiraNa, pR. 78. - Page #66 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ 10/sasvArthasUna-nikapa gRddhapiccha ke guru kA nAma kundakundAcArya honA cAhie / zravaNabelagolA ke abhilekha naM. 108 meM gRddhapiccha umAsvAmI kA ziSya balAkapicchAcArya ko batalAyA hai| ataH inake ziSya balAkapiccha haiN| tatvArthasUtra ke nirmANa meM AcArya kundakunda ke granthoM kA sarvAdhika upayoga kiyA gayA hai / AcArya kundakunda ne apane paMcAstikAya meM dravya kA lakSaNa batAte hue likhA hai - davaM sallasaNiyaM uppAdayadhukttasaMjuttaM / guNapajjayAsayaM vA jaMtaM bhakati sambanhU / ' isa gAthA ke AdhAra para tattvArthasUtra meM tIna sUtra upalabdha hote haiN| ye tInoM sUtra kramaza: gAthA ke prathama, dvitIya aura tRtIya pAda haiM 1. sadyalakSaNam / 2. utpAdavyayadhauvyayukta sat / ' 3. guNaparyayavad dravyam / cUMki gRddhapiccha ne AcArya kundakunda kA zAbdika aura vastugata, donoM rUpa se anusaraNa kiyA hai, ata: Azcarya nahIM ki gRddhapiccha ke guru AcArya kundakunda hI hoN| zravaNabelagolA ke ukta abhilekhAnusAra gRddhapiccha ke ziSya balAkapiccha haiN| inakI gaNanA nandisaMgha ke AcAryoM meM hai| yadyapi zvetAmbara vidvAnoM ne umAsvAmI kI guru-paramparA ko zvetAmbara sammata gurvAvalI se sabaddha mAnA hai| paNDita sukhalAla jI ne inheM hI tatvArthAdhigama bhASya kA kartA mAnakara uccai gara zAkhA kA AcArya mAnA hai aura yaha zAkhA kalpasUtra kI sthavirAvali ke anusAra Arya zAntizreNika se nikalI hai / Arya zAntizreNika Aryasuhasti se cauthI pIr3hI meM Ate haiM tathA vaha zAntitheNika Aryavajra ke guru Arya mihagirI ke gurubhAI hone se, Aryavana kI pahalI pIr3hI meM Ate haiN| tattvArthAdhigamabhASya kI prazasti meM vAcaka umAsvAti ne apane ko zivathI nAmaka vAcaka mukhya kA praziSya aura ekAdazAMgavettA ghoSanandi zramaNa kA dIkSA ziSya tathA prasiddhakIrti vAle mahAvAcakazramaNa zrI muNDapAda kA vidyApaziSya batalAyA hai| paNDita jugalakizora jI mukhtAra Adi ne umAsvAti ko digambara paramparA kA mAnA hai, ve bhASya ko svopajJa mAnane ke pakSa meM nahIM hai| 1. paMcAstikAya, mAthA 10. 2. tatvArthasUpa, 5/29. 3. vahI, 5/30. 4.baho,5/38. Page #67 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ tatvArthAvagamabhASya kI kArikAoM meM prApta nandyanta pradhAna nAmoM ke AdhAra para tathA kaI saiddhAntika mAnyatA ke AdhAra para paNDita nAthUrAma premI jI ne AcArya umAsvAti kA sambandha yApanIya saMgha paramparA ke sAtha anumAnita kiyA hai / ' maisUra nagara tAlukA ke 46 naM. ke zilAlekha meM eka zloka AyA hai - taruNAya tasyArthasUna kartAramumAsvAtimunIzvaram / kevaladezIyaM vande'haM mucamandiram // isa zloka meM 'zrutakevalidezIya' vizeSaNa AcArya umAsvAti ke lie prayukta huA haiN| yahI vizeSaNa yApanIya saMgha ke agraNI vaiyAkaraNa zAkaTAyana ke sAtha bhI AyA hai| isa AdhAra se bhI umAsvAti yApanIya saMgha kI paramparA se sambandhita siddha hote haiN| zvetAmbara vidvAn dharmasAgara jI kI paTTAvali me prajJApanAsUtra ke racanAkAra zyAmAcArya ke guru hAditagotrIya svAti ko hI tattvArtha racanAkAra umAsvAti mAna liyA hai| yaha umAsvAti ke nAma ke ardhAMza kI samAnatA ke kAraNa bhrAnti paidA huI saMbhava hai| umAsvAti aura svAti donoM kA gotra bhI eka nahIM hai| svAti hAritagotrIya the|' umAsvAti kA gotra kobhISaNa mAnA gayA hai|" zravaNabelagolA ke 65 na. ke zilAlekha meM prApta ullekhAnusAra umAsvAti AcArya kundakunda ke anvaya meM hue haiN| kintu isa zilAlekha ke AdhAra para AcArya kundakunda aura umAsvAti kA sAkSAt guru-ziSya sambandha siddha nahIM hotA / abhUdumAsvAtimunIzvaro'sAvArthazabdottaragRddhapiccha / tadanvaye tatsadRzo'sti mAnyastAtkAlikAzebapadArthavedI // 1. tattvArthasUtra paricaya, paM. sukhalAla saMghavI. 2. jaina sAhitya aura itihAsa, pR. 533. ina ullekhoM se prakaTa hai ki AcArya gRddhapiccha AcArya kundakunda ke uttarAdhikArI the| mere abhimata se donoM ke nAma ke sAtha 'gRddhapiccha' zabda kA juDA honA ko iMgita karatA hai ki AcArya kundakunda kA vizeSaNa AcArya umAsvAmI ke sAtha jur3a gayA athavA AcArya umAsvAmI kI mahAnatA ke kAraNa unakA vizeSaNa AcArya kundakunda ke sAtha bhI prayoga kiyA jAne lagA hai| donoM meM se kisI bhI abhimata ko svIkAra karane meM koI bAdhA nahIM AtI, phira bhI vidvajjana isakA ucita nirdhAraNa kara niSkarSa para pahu~ca sakate haiN| 3. maisUranagara tAlukA, zilAlekha saM. 461. 4. hAdiyagottaM sAhaM ca, 15. 5. kIbhISaNinA svAtitanayena, 3. (tattvArthAdhigamabhASya kArikA) 6. jaina zilAlekhasaMgraha, bhAga 1, saM. 43. Page #68 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ 12 / tasvArthasUtra-nikava samaya saMketa : AcArya gRpaccha kA samaya nirdhAraNa nandisaMgha kI paTTAvalI ke anusAra vIra nirvANa samvat 571, saMvat 101 AtA hai| 'vidvajjanabodhaka' meM nimnalikhita padya AtA hai - varvasaptazate caiva saptatyA ca vismRtau / umAsvAmimunirjAtaH kundakundastathaiva ca // arthAt vIra nirvANa savat 770 meM umAsvAmI muni hue tathA usI samaya kundakundAcArya bhI huye / nandisaMgha kI paTTAvalI meM batAyA hai ki umAsvAmI 40 varSa 8 mAha AcArya pada para pratiSThita rhe| unakI Ayu 84 varSa kI thI aura vikrama saMvat 142 meM unake paTTa para lohAcArya dvitIya pratiSThita hue| pro. hArnale, DA. piTarsana' aura DA. satIzacandra ne isa paTTAvalI ke AdhAra para umAsvAti ko IsA kI prathama zatAbdI kA vidvAn mAnA hai| 'vidvajjanabodhaka' ke anusAra umAsvAti kA samaya vikrama saMvat 300 AtA hai aura yaha paTTAvalI ke samaya se 150 varSa pIche par3atA hai| jo ki vikrama indranandi ne apane zrutAvatAra meM 683 varSa kI zrutadhara AcAryo kI paramparA dI hai aura isake bAda aMgapUrva ke ekadezadhArI vinayadhara, zrIdatta aura arhaddatta kA nAmollekha kara nandisaMgha Adi saghoM kI sthApanA karane vAle arhabali kA nAma diyA hai| zrutAvatAra meM isake pazcAt mAghanandi, dharasena, puSpadanta aura bhUtabali ke ullekha haiN| isake bAda kundakunda kA nAma AyA hai| ata: AcArya gRddhapiccha AcArya kundakunda ke pazcAt arthAt 683 varSa ke pazcAt hue haiN| yadi isa antara ko 100 varSa mAna liyA jAye, to vIra nirvANa saMvat 783 ke lagabhaga AcArya gRddhapiccha kA samaya hogA / yadyapi zrutadhara AcAryoM kI paramparA kA nirdeza dhavalA', AdipurANa', nandisaMgha kI prAkRta paTTAvalI aura trilokaprajJapti Adi meM AyA hai, para ye sabhI paramparAe~ 683 varSa taka kA hI nirdeza karatI haiN| isake Age ke AcAryo kA kathana nahIM miltaa| ataeva zrutAvatAra Adi ke AdhAra se gRddhapiccha kA samaya nirNIta nahIM kiyA jA sakatA hai| mallavAdI ke nayacakra aura usakI TIkA meM tattvArthasUtra aura bhASya ke uddharaNa haiN| mallavAdI vIra nirvANa saMvat 884 meM vidyamAna the, ata: umAsvAti kA samaya inase pUrva kA hai| 1. vidvajjana bodhaka, 2. And ant, XX P. 341, 351. 2. Peerrsons Aourth report on Sanskrit Manuscripts, P. XVI. 4. History of the Mediaval School of Indian Logic. P. 8,9. 5. abalA, pu. 9/130. 6. AdipurANa, 2/137. 7. jaina siddhAnta bhAskara, bhAga 1, kiraNa 4, pR. 71. 8. trilokaprApti, 4/490-91. Page #69 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ paM. sukhalAla jI ne tasvArthasUtra vivecana kI prastAvanA meM vividha zodha vinduoM ke AdhAra para vAcaka umAsvAti kA prAcIna se prAcIna samaya vIra nirvANa kI 5 vIM (vikrama kI prathama ) aura arvAcIna se arvAcIna samaya vIra nirvANa saMvat kI 8 vIM 9 vIM (vikrama 3-4 vI zatAbdI kA nirdhArita kiyA hai| The g DaoN. e. ena. upAdhye ne bahuta UhApoha ke pazcAt AcArya kundakunda ke samaya kA nirNaya kiyA hai aura jisase gRddhapiccha, AcArya kundakunda ke ziSya prakaTa hote haiN| upAdhye jI ke anusAra kundakunda kA samaya IsA kI prathama zatAbdI ke lagabhaga hai / ataH gRddhapicchAcArya usake pazcAt hI hue haiN| AcArya kundakunda kA samaya nirNIta ho jAne ke pazcAt AcArya gRddhapiccha kA samaya paTTAvaliyoM aura zilAlekhoM AcArya kundakunda ke pazcAt gRddhapiccha kA nAma AyA hai| ataeva inakA samaya IsvI prathama zatAbdI kA antima bhAga aura dvitIya zatAbdI kA pUrvabhAga ghaTita hotA hai| niSkarSa yaha hai ki paTTAvaliyoM, prazastiyoM aura abhilekhoM ke adhyayana se gRddhapiccha kA samaya IsvI san dvitIya zatAbdI pratIta hotA hai| grantha : AcArya gRddhapiccha praNIta tattvArthasUtra unakI sarvamAnya racanA hai aura digambara tathA zvetAmbara donoM ekamata ho yaha mAnate haiN| zvetAmbara abhimata yaha bhI svIkAra karatA hai ki AcArya umAsvAti ne aneka granthoM kI racanA kI hai| AcArya vAdidevasUri ne unheM 500 granthoM kA racanAkAra nirUpita kiyA hai| yathA paMcazatIprakaraNapraNayanapravINairatra bhagavadumAsvAtivAcakamukhyai: ' sAtha hI jambUdvIpasamAsaprakaraNa, pUjAprakaraNa, zrAvakaprajJapti, kSetravicAra, prazamaratiprakaraNa Adi racanAe~ zvetAmbara sampradAya meM unake nAma se prasiddha haiN| parantu digambara sampradAya meM unakI kevala eka hI racanA tattvArthasUtra mAnI jAtI hai| AcArya gRddhapiccha umAsvAmI dvArA racita anya koI grantha isa sampradAya meM upalabdha nahIM hai| 1. syAdvAda ratnAkara, vAdidevasUrikRta, Page #70 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ tattvArthastra kI vyAkhyAoM kA vaiziSTaya * DI. rAkeza jaina, jaina sAhitya meM saMskRta bhASA kI Adya racanA kA zreya prApta karane vAlA grantha hai tattvAryasUtra / isakA mahattva mAtra isake lie hI nahIM, apitu isameM jinAgama ke mUla tattvoM kA saMkSepa va sugrAhya zailI meM vivecana hone se yaha jaina sAhitya kA vizeSa sammAnaprApta grantharAja hai / isake lagabhaga sAr3he tIna sau sUtroM meM karaNAnuyoga, dravyAnuyoga evaM caraNAnuyoga kA sAra samAyA huA hai| sarvAdhika vizeSatA kI bAta to yaha hai ki yaha pratyeka sampradAya meM mAnya hai| isI kAraNa isa para sabhI sampradAyoM meM aneka TIkAoM kI racanAe~ huii| isake mahattva ko khyApita karane ke lie yaha kahanA bhI aparyApta hI lagatA hai ki jaise sanAtana dharma meM gItA, muslima meM kurAna evaM IsAI meM bAibila kA mahattva hai lagabhaga vahI mahattva jainadharma meM isakA hai| kAraNa, upamita granthoM meM sArabhUta siddhAntoM kA sampUrNa kathana nahIM hai, jabaki tattvArthasUtra meM vaha saba bhI hai| - isakA mahattva isalie bhI hai ki isake AdhAra para aneka granyoM kI racanAe~ huI / isakA upayoga kRtikAroM ne apanI apekSA ke anusAra paryApta kiyA hai| saMkSepa meM yadi kahA jAye to itanA hI kahanA paryApta hai ki isameM 'gAgara meM sAgara' samAne vAlI kahAvata caritArtha huI hai| sarvArthasidi pA~cavI zatAbdI meM isa dharA ko sarasvatI ke prasAda se maNDita karane vAle AcArya pUjyapAda kI tatvArtha para sarvaprathama prApta hone vAlI isa TIkA kA nAma tattvArthavRtti hai| kintu vartamAna meM ise sarvArthasiddhi ke nAma se jAnA jAtA hai| jabaki isake puSpikA vAkya evaM prazasti meM prApta zloka se isake tattvArthavRtti nAma kI hI sUcanA milatI hai| yathA svrgaapvrgsukhmaaptumnobhiraayeNjainendrshaasnvraamRtsaarbhuutaa| sarvArthasiviriti sadbhirUpAttanAmA, tatvAvRttiranizaM manasA pradhAryA // 1 // isI zloka meM tattvArthavRtti ke vizeSaNa rUpa meM diye gaye sarvArthasiddhi ke kAraNa mAlUma hotA hai isakA nAma sarvArthasiddhi bhI pracalita ho gyaa| isake nAmakaraNa kA kAraNa likhate hue unhoMne svaya likhA hai - tattvArthavRttimuditAM viditArthatattvAH, zRNvanti ye paripaThanti ca dhrmbhktyaa| 1.ma.li. prazasti, bArA-sarvodaya jaina vidyApITha, sidAyatana parisara, mahAvIranagara, choTA karIlA, sAgara, (075821 267433 Page #71 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ haste kRtaM paramasiddhisAmRtAM taiyamarezvarasukheSu kimasti vAcyam // 2 // 215 arthAt artha ke sAra ko jJAta karane ke lie jo vyakti dharma-bhakti se sattvArthavRtti ko par3hate aura sunate haiM ve paramasiddhi ke sukharUpI amRta ko hastagata kara lete haiM, taba cakravartI aura indrapada ke sukha ke viSaya meM to kahanA hI kyA ? kintu Azcarya kI bAta yaha hai ki prazastiyukta isa grantha meM TIkA ke karttA kA koI nAmollekha nahIM huaa| phira bhI isake kartA kA ullekha anyasrotoM se upalabdha ho jAtA hai| yathA zravaNabelagola ke jaina zilAlekhoM meM isakA ullekha hai / ataH yaha spaSTa rUpa se mAnya hai ki yaha TIkA AcArya pUjyapAda apara nAma devanandi kI hI hai| isa vRtti meM tattvArthasUtra ke pratyeka sUtra aura usake pratyeka pada kA nirvacana yA vivecana evaM zakA-samAdhAnapUrvaka kiyA gayA hai / TIkA grantha hone para bhI isameM maulikatA akSuNNa hai| isameM nirdhArita kiye gaye pAribhASika zabdoM ke lakSaNa ArAtIya AcAryoM ke dvArA brahmavAkya kI taraha prayukta hue haiN| Apake dvArA saMskRta bhASA ke jisa pariniSThita rUpa ko prayukta kiyA gayA hai usase tatkAlIna saMskRta bhASA ke vikAsa kI to jAnakArI milatI hI hai, sAtha hI usa bhASA para Apake asAdhAraNa adhikAra kA paricaya bhI hotA hai| ApakI susaMskRta evaM kAnta padAvali jahA~ Apake pANDitya kI paricAyaka hai, vahIM navama adhyAya meM prayukta dIrghasAmAsika evaM mAdhuryapUrNa vAkyaracanA prameya se AplAvita rasasiktatA ke anyatama udAharaNa haiM / AcArya pUjyapAda ne sUtrakAra kI taraha isa vRtti kA nirmANa kiyA hai| unakI paribhASAyeM alpAkSara, asandigdha aura sArabhUta haiN| una vAkyoM meM siddhAnta kI gUDhatA evaM dArzanika gAmbhIrya ke sAtha vyAkaraNa kI susaMgatatA darzanIya hai| yahI kAraNa hai ki isake lagabhaga pratyeka pada ko AcArya akalaMkadeva ne vArtika rUpa meM grahaNa kara unakI vizada vyAkhyA kI hai| isameM aneka maulikatAe~ evaM vizeSatAe~ upalabdha haiM, pratyeka adhyAyoM meM saMzliSTa / una sabhI vizeSatAoM kA nidarzana karA pAnA lekha jaise choTe sthala para saMbhava nahIM hai| ataH eka-do vizeSatAe~ hI denA ucita hogA / yathA V pazamika samyaktva kI prApti ke lie sAta yA pA~ca prakRtiyoM kA upazama batalAyA gayA hai| lekina vaha kima taraha hotA hai isake uttara meM AcArya pUjyapAda kahate haiM ki - "kAlalaLyAdinimittatvAt' arthAt kAla labdhi Adi ke nimitta se hotA hai| jahA~ Agama meM inake lie pA~ca labdhiyoM kA vivaraNa milatA hai vahIM yahA~ para kAlalabdhi ko pramukha mAnA gayA hai| 5 isake sAtha hI AcArya pUjyapAda ne jAtismaraNa Adi katipaya kAraNoM kI vyAkhyA bhI kI hai jo dhavalA Adi meM hote hue bhI sarvatra nahIM haiN| AcArya pUjyapAda kI dRSTi meM hiMsA aura bahiMsA kI paribhASA mAtra kriyAtmaka na hokara bhAvAtmaka hai| isIlie unhoMne isake vivecana meM paryApta rasa liyA hai sAtha granthAntaroM kI kArikAyeM bhI uddhRta kI haiN| unhoMne apane vivecana meM spaSTa kiyA hai ki jahA~ pramattayoga hai vahA~ prANoM kA ghAta na hone para bhI hiMsA hai, kyoMki vahA~ bhAva rUpa meM hiMsA maujUda hai|' 1. sa. si. prazasti, 2 2. sa. si. 2/3. Page #72 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ 16/tasvArthamana-nikAya AcArya pUjyapAda ne tatvArthavRtti arthAt sarvArthasiddhi meM mithyAtva ke pAMca bhedoM kA kathana karate hue puruSAdvaita evaM zvetAmbarIya nirgrantha-sagrantha, kevalI-kavalAhAra tathA strI-mukti Adi kI mAnyatAoM ko viparIta mithyAtva kahA hai|' ina jaisI aneka vizeSatAoM ke bhaNDAra svarUpa AcArya pUjyapAda kI tasvArthavRtti evaM svayaM pUjyapAda jaina sAhitya ke vizAla gagana ke una jyotirmAna nakSatroM meM se haiM, jo apanI hI dIpti se bhAsvata haiM aura unakA prakAza mohAcchanna jijJAsAoM ko ucita evaM paryApta mArgadarzana karAne meM samartha hai| yaha vaha kRti hai jise Aja bhI zvetAmbara matAnuyAyI AcArya umAsvAti kI svopajJa TIkA mAnate haiN| kintu paM. kailAzacandra zAstrI ne aneka sandarbho para vicAra karate hue ise saMdigdha hI mAnA hai| jaisA ki unakA kathana hai - 'bhASya kI svopazatA sandigdha hai| inhIM ke mata se ise AcArya pUjyapAda evaM AcArya akalaMkadeva ke bAda kI racanA mAnA jAnA caahie| kAraNa isake anta:parIkSaNa se jJAta hotA hai ki isameM AcArya akalakadeva ke aneka sandarbho kA yathAvat yA kiJcit parivartana ke sAtha zabdaza: anukaraNa kiyA gayA hai / jisake udAharaNa bhI unhoMne prastuta kiye haiN| bhASya ke parizIlana se jJAta hotA hai ki bhASyakAra saiddhAntika eva Agamika jJAna meM nipuNa the| inhoMne sUtroM kA sAdhAraNa artha karane ke sAtha-sAtha jahA~ Avazyaka pratIta huA vahA~ sambaddha Agamika yA saiddhAntika viSayoM kA vivecana kiyA hai| katipaya sUtroM kI utthAnikA na hone se artha ko spaSTa karane meM kaThinAI pratIta huI hai| kahIM-kahIM to unakA sAmaMjasya bhI bigar3a gayA hai| tatvAcArtika ____ apanI kRtiyoM ke mAdhyama se apanI pahacAna sthApita karane vAloM meM AcArya akalaMkadeva kA nAma agragaNya paMkti meM samAviSTa hai| Apa jaina vAGmaya ke una dIptimAna prakAzapuMjoM meM parigaNita hote haiM, jinakI AbhA se jaina dArzanika sAhitya kIrtimAna sthApita kara sakA / sAtavIM-AThavIM zatAbdI ke ina jaisA prakhara tArkika evaM dArzanika anya nahIM huaa| bauddhadarzana meM dharmakIrti ko jo sammAna prApta hai vahI sammAna AcArya akalaMkadeva ko jainadarzana meM prApta hai| nyAya evaM darzana ke kSetra meM tatkAlIna pracalita vivAdoM ke samAdhAna dene meM jo mahArata Apane hAsila kI, vaha anupama hai| ApakI aneka kRtiyoM meM eka tatvAryavArtika nAma se hai| grantha ke nAmakaraNa kA zreya svayaM kartA ko hI hai, ve Adya zlokoM meM ekatra likhate haiM - 'vakye tattvAryavArtikam jo sArthaka hai| isakA apara nAma tatsvArtharAjavArtika rUpa meM bhI jAnA jAtA hai| isa grantha meM Apane vArtikoM kA nirmANa kara usa para bhASya bhI svayaM hI likhA hai| isa tasvArthakArtika meM sasvArthasUtra ke viSaya ke samAna hI saiddhAntika evaM dArzanika viSayoM kA prarUpaNa hai| yahA~ 1.sa. si. 7/12. 2. vahIM, 24, 3. jaina sAhitya kA itihAsa bhAga 2, pR. 294 4. tAtyAyavArtika maMgalAcaraNa, Page #73 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ prathama aura paMcama adhyAyoM meM jJAna evaM dravya kI vizeSa carcA karane se dArzanikatA kA Adhikya samAvezita ho gaMvA hai| isake pratyeka adhyAya ke dArzanika viSaya vAle pratyeka sUtra kI vyAkhyA likhate samaya unhoMne 'anekAntAt' jaise vArtika se dArzanika samAdhAna prastuta karane kI kuzalatA pradarzita kI hai| sarvArthasiddhi ko AdhAra banAkara hI tasvArthavArtika kA bhavya prAsAda nirmita ho sakA hai| isa prAsAda kA AdhAra bhI nava-nUtanatA se AplAvita hai| vizeSatA yaha hai ki sarvArthasiddhi meM jina dArzanika carcAoM ko sthAna nahIM mila pAyA hai ve to isameM sAmila haiM hI, sAtha hI ve viSaya bhI yahA~ saMyojita haiM jo unake samaya taka carcita ho rahe the / yathA - sarvArthasiddhi meM sAnnipAtika bhAvoM kI carcA hI nahIM hai| jabaki zvetAmbara AgamoM meM inakA ullekha hai| ise spaSTa kiyA gayA hai ki yaha koI pA~ca se atirikta bhAva nahIM hai| apitu ise mizra nAma ke bhAva meM hI antargarbhita samajhanA caahie|' AcArya akalaMkadeva itanA hI kaha kara zAnta nahIM hote apitu una sAnnipAtika bhAvoM ke bheda ko prakaTa karane vAlI eka kArikA prastuta kara unake bhedoM ko spaSTa kara diyA hai / isa grantha kI vizeSatAoM ke viSaya meM jainadarzana ke prajJApuruSa pa. sukhalAla saMghavI ne likhA hai- 'rAjavArtika aura zlokavArtika ke itihAsajJa abhyAsI ko mAlUla par3egA ki dakSiNa hindustAna meM jo dArzanika vidyA aura spardhA kA samaya AyA aura anekamukha pANDitya vikasita huA, usI kA pratibimba ina donoM granthoM meM hai| prastuta donoM vArtika jainadarzana kA prAmANika abhyAsa karane ke paryApta sAdhana / inameM 'rAjavArtika' kA gadya sarala aura vistRta hone se tasvArtha ke sampUrNa TIkAgranthoM kI garaja akelA hI pUrNa karatA hai| ye do vArtika nahIM hote to dazavIM zatAbdI taka ke digambara sAhitya jo viziSTatA AyI, aura usakI jo pratiSThA ba~dhI vaha nizcaya se adhUrI hI rhtii|" rAjavArtika ke viSaya pratipAdana kI vizeSatA kA nidarzana karAne ke lie aise udAharaNa liye jA sakate haiM - pramANanayArpaNAbhedAt ekAnto dvividhaH - samyagekAnto mithyaikAnta iti / anekAnto'pi dvividhaH samyaganekAnta mithyAnekAnta iti / tatra samyagekAnto hetu vizeSasAmarthyApekSa: pramANaprarUpitArthaikadezAdeza: / ekAtmAvadhAraNena anyAzeSanirAkaraNapravaNaprANidhirmithyaikAntaH / ekatra sapratipakSAnekadharmasvarUpanirUpaNo yuktyAgamAbhyAmaviruddhaH samyaganekAntaH / tadatatsvabhAvavastuzUnya parikalpitAnekAtmakaM kevalaM vAgvijJAnaM mithyA'nekAntaH / tatra samyagekAnto naya ityucyate / samyaganekAntaH prmaannm| nayArpaNAdekAnto bhavati ekanizcayapravaNatvAt pramANArpaNAdanekAnto bhavati anekanizcayAdhikaraNatvAt / AcArya akalaMkadeva dvArA racita gadya vArtika kI yaha vizeSatA hai ki jahA~ unhoMne sarvArthasiddhi ke vAkyoM ko vArtika ke rUpa meM samAhita kiyA hai vahIM navIna vArtikoM kA nirmANa bhI kiyA hai| isa grantha kA pAThaka yaha pratIti hI nahIM kara pAtA ki vaha prakArAntara se sarvArthasiddhi kA bhI adhyayana kara rahA hai| una donoM prakAra ke vArtikoM para vyAkhyA yA bhASya bhI likhA hai / isI kAraNa isakI puSpikAvAkyoM meM ise tatvArthavArtikavyAkhyAnAlaMkAra jaisI saMjJA pradAna kI gayI hai| isake vibhAjana ko adhyAyoM ke andara bhI Azika ke mAdhyama se kiyA gayA hai| - 1. tasvArthavArtika, 2/7/21-2 2. tattvArthasUtra, prastAvanA, pR. 78-9. 1. tatvArthavArtika 1/6. Page #74 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ 18 / tatvArthasUtra-nikava satyArthavRtti arer fear afNa dvArA racita tasvArthabhASya kI TIkA kA nAma tatvArthabhASyavRtti hai| Apa AThavIM zatAbdI ke pUrvArddha meM isa dharA ko Apane sIna - cAritra evaM tapa se suzobhita kara rahe the| Apa siddhAntamarmajJa, vizruta evaM pratibhAsampana the| 'gandhahastI' ke nAma se ApakI isa vRtti ke anekatra uddharaNa prApta hote haiN| yaha vRhatkAya vRtti hai| inakI hI eka anya vRtti jo AcArAMga para hai anupalabdha hai| vRtti ke antaH sparza se jJAta hotA hai ki Apa Agamika paramparA ke prabala pakSapAtI the, jo ki vizeSAvazyaka bhASya ke racayitA jinabhadrANi kSamAzramaNa dvArA sthApita jAna par3atI hai| isameM dArzanika evaM tArkika carcAeM paryApta haiN| vizeSa itanA hai ki yadi bhASya kA koI viSaya Agama ke viruddha jA rahA hotA hai to usakI AlocanA karate hue Apa Agamika mAnyatA kI hI puSTi karate haiN| usase viruddha Apa kucha bhI sahya nahIM smjhte| isIlie aneka sthaloM para Apane bhASya ke Agama viruddha ullekhoM ko apanI ajJAnatA balatAkara TAla diyA hai| inake udAharaNa diye jA sakate haiM kintu vistArabhaya se mAtra eka hI de pA rahe haiN| yathA sUtra 3/13 ke bhASya meM likhA hai- 'na kadAcidasmAt parato janmataH saMharaNato vA cAraNavidyAdhararddhiprAptA api manuSyA bhUtapUrvA bhavanti bhaviSyanti ca / ' anyatra samudghAtopapAtAbhyAmata eva ca mAnuSottara ityucyate / yahA~ vidyAdhara evaM cAraNarddhi sampanna manuSyoM kA mAnuSottara parvata ke bAhara gamana karane kA prasaMga prApta hai| isa para gaNijI ne niSedhaparaka artha karake bhASya ke viparIta kathana kiyA hai| - vRtti kI zailI pratipada ko spaSTa karane vAlI, prameyabahula evaM ucca dArzanika hai| isase jJAta hotA hai ki gaNi jI jJAna kitanA agAdha thaa| isake sAtha yaha bhI jAnakArI mila jAtI hai ki unake sAmane tattvArthasUtra ke aneka pATha eva aneka TIkAyeM upalabdha thii| isI ke kAraNa ve aTThAraha hajAra zloka pramANa yaha TIkA nirmita kara ske| isake anta: parIkSaNa se spaSTa hotA hai ki TIkAkAra ne apanI TIkA ke lekhana meM sarvArthasiddhi evaM tattvArthavArtika kA pUrA upayoga kiyA hai| isa viSaya meM paM. sukhalAla saMghavI kA nimna mata dRSTavya hai- 'jo bhASA kA prasAda, racanA kI vizadatA aura artha kA pRthakkaraNa sarvArthasiddhi aura rAjavArtika meM hai, vaha siddhasenIya vRtti meM nahIM hai| isake do kAraNa haiM eka to granthakAra kA prakRtibheda aura dUsarA kAraNa parAzrita racanA hai| sarvArthasiddhikAra aura rAjavArtikakAra sUtroM para apanA-apanA vaktavya svataMtrarUpa se hI kahate haiN| siddhasena ko bhASya kA zabdaza: anusaraNa karate hue parAzrita rUpa 'calanA par3atA hai| itanA bheda hone para bhI samagra rIti se siddhasenIya vRtti kA avalokana karate samaya mana para do bAteM to aMkita hotI hI haiN| unameM pahalI yaha ki sarvArthasiddhi aura rAjavArtika kI apekSA siddhasenIyavRtti kI dArzanika yogyatA kama nahI hai| paddhati bheda hone para bhI samaSTi rUpa se isa vRtti meM bhI ukta do granthoM jitanI hI nyAya, vaizeSika, sAMkhyayoga aura bauddha darzanoM kI carcA kI virAsata hai| aura dUsarI bAta yaha hai ki siddhasena apanI vRtti meM dArzanika aura tArkika carcA karate hue bhI anta me jinabhadragaNi kSareer kI taraha bhAgamika paramparA kA prabala rUpa se sthApana karate haiM / '' cAralokavArtika tattvArthasUtra ke TIkAgranthoM meM sabase mahattvapUrNa TIkA hai tattvArthazlokavArtika / yaha kumArila ke 1. svArthasUtra, prastAvanA pR. 42, Page #75 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ evaM dharmakIrti ke para AcArya vidyAnanda me svayaM hI gadyAtmaka bhASya bhI likhA hai pAka kI taraha padyAtmaka zailI meM likhA gayA hai| i samAnatA karane vAlA jainadarzana meM hI nahIM AcArya vidyAnanda me tattvArthasUtragata viSayoM kI atyanta sUkSma evaM vistRta vivecanA apane isa grantha meM kI hai| prathama adhyAya ke eka sthala ko uddhRta kara unakI vivecana zailI kA paricaya denA cAhU~gA, jahA~ ve zrutajJAna ke sAmAnya prakAzakatva yA vizeSa prakAzakatva kA kathana karate hue samAdhAna karate haiM + sAmAnyameva zrutaM prakAzayati vizeSameva parasparanirapekSamubhayameveti vA zaMkAmapAkaroti / yaha jainadarzana ke pramANabhUta granthoM meM prathamakoTi kA hai| apitu kisI anya darzana meM bhI koI grantha nahIM hai| bhanekAntAtmakaM vastu saMprakAzayati sutaM / sabodhatvAdyamAnatvabodha ityupapattimat // arthAt 'sAmAnyavizeSAtmaka anekAntarUpa vastu ko zrutajJAna avagata karatA hai| jisa prakAra indriyoM se utpanna huA sAvyAvahArika pratyakSajJAna anekAntAtmaka artha kA prakAzana karatA hai, usI prakAra zrutajJAna sAmAnyavizeSAtmaka vastu ko prakAzita karane meM samartha rahatA hai| ataH 'anekAntAtmaka vastu zruta prakAzayati, sadbodhatvAt / " tatvArthasAra AcArya amRtacandrasUri kI maulika racanAoM meM anyatama racanA hai tttvaarthsaar| ApakI lekhanI ne jainasattvavyavasthA kI nirUpaka tIna TIkAoM meM jo jAdU bikherA hai usase jahA~ Apake pANDitya eva bhASAdhikAra kA jJAna hotA hai vahIM pAThaka ina TIkAoM kA parizIlana kara apane ko dhanya mAna uThatA hai| vikrama kI dazavIM zatAbdI meM nirmita tattvArthasAra grantha mUlataH tattvArthasUtra kI viSaya vastu para hI AdhArita hai| kintu isameM prameyoM ko atirikta rItyA bhI samAviSTa kiyA hai, jisase yaha maulikatA kA AbhAsa dene lagA hai| yaha grantha nau adhyAyoM meM vibhakta hai jinameM kramaza: 54, 238, 77, 105, 54, 52, 60, 55 evaM 23 = 718 padya haiN| ina adhikAroM ke nAma tattvArthasUtra ke anusAra hI mokSamArgAdhikAra, jIvatasvanirUpaNAdhikAra, ajIvAdhikAra, AsavatastvAdhikAra, bandhatattvAdhikAra, saMvaratattvAdhikAra, nirjarAtattvAdhikAra, mokSatattvAdhikAra evaM upasaMhAra haiN| isakI viSaya-vastu ko vistRta karane ke lie AcArya amRtacandrasUri ne tattvArthasUtra kI tasvArthavArtika TIkA ke sAtha prAkRtapaMcasaMgraha Adi granthoM kA upayoga kiyA hai| jinake tulanAtmaka aneka sthala prastuta kiye jA sakate haiM kintu vistArabhaya se mAtra eka-eka hI dRSTavya hai - paMcasaMgraha 1/16 navamAliyA masUrIcavaddhamAnatullAI / diya saMThAgAI phArsa puna negaThAne || nAmamasUrAtimuktesamAH kramAt / somAvivANajijJAH syuH sparzanaM naikasaMsthitiH // tatvArthasAra 2 / 50 1. savAlokavArtika, 1/26/15-18, Page #76 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ punandhiprasaMgo jAnataH pazyatazca kAruNyAditi cet, na, sAsavaparikSayAt / - tattvArthavAli .in. xa pyari jAnataH pazyataracobdhvaM jagatkAraNyataH punaH / sasya bandhaprasIna sacivaparikSayAt // tasvArthasAra 8/9 ... " AcArya amRtacandrasUri adhyAtmagranthoM ke saphala TIkAkAra haiN| unakI vicAraNA adhyAtmamaya hI ho gayI thii| isI kAraNa unakI pratyeka racanA meM sarvatra adhyAtma kI jhalaka dikhAI detI hai| tattvArthasAra padyapi tattvArthasUtra kI viSayavastu para nirmita hai parantu isameM bhI prasaMga pAte hI adhyAtma kI carcA kI gayI hai| jaise - upasaMhAra meM hI nizcayanaya aura vyavahArajaya se mokSamArga kA nirUpaNa kiyA hai| isameM spaSTata: yaha batalAyA hai ki nizcayamokSamArma sAdhya hai aura vyavahAramokSamArma sAdhana / zuddha svAtmA kA zraddhAna, jJAna aura upekSA to nizcayamokSamArga hai aura parAtmA kA zraddhAna, jJAna aura upekSA vyavahAra mokssmaarg|' Apane pratyeka grantha ke anusAra isa grantha meM bhI Atmatatva meM hI SaTkArakIya vyavasthA ko ghaTAkara apane kartRtva ko gauNa kiyA hai / grantha meM kahIM bhI ApakA nAmollekha nahIM hai tathApi ApakI isI vRtti se Apake kRtitva ko pahacAnane meM kimapi vilamba nahIM hotaa| tatvAvRti viSNa AcArya prabhAcandra vikrama kI gyArahavIM zatAbdI ke uttarArdha meM hone vAle eka mahAna granthakAra, jinheM Agama ke sAtha darzana kA marmasparzI jJAna prApta thA, the| ApakI racanAoM ke anta meM prApta prazasti padoM se jAnakArI milatI hai ki Apa dhArAnagarI ke nivAsI evaM Apake guru padmanandi saiddhAntika the| ApakI yaha racanA yadyapi tattvArthasUtra para na hokara sarvArthasiddhi ke kliSTa yA aprakaTa padoM ko spaSTa karane ke lie hI avatarita huI hai / jise Apane magala zloka ke sAtha nirUpita bhI kiyA hai / yathA - 'duradurjayatamaH pratimevanArka tattvAryavRtipadamaprakaTa pravakSye / / '' racanA choTI hotI hue bhI mahattvapUrNa hai| mahattvapUrNa isalie hai ki isameM sarvArthasiddhi ke prameya kA piSTapeSaNa nahIM kiyA mayA hai apitu jo viSaya sarvArthasiddhi, rAjavArtika evaM zlokavArtika meM bhI upalabdha nahIM hai vaha saba isameM sulabha hotA hai| isalie isa racanA kI apanI sArthakatA hai| isase siddhAntaviSaya aneka gUDha rahasyoM kI jAnakArI pAThakoM sahaja, subodha zailI meM sulabha hotI hai| isameM upalabdha gAthAyeM kaSAyapAhuDa, dravyasaMgraha, paMcasaMgraha Adi granthoM se saMkalita haiN| isakI uddharita kaI gAthAoM ke srota to abhI bhI ajJAta hI haiN| racanA saphala evaM jJAnavarddhaka hai| subamodhavRtti (pAskaranandikRta) __ paNDita bhAskaranandi (vikrama kI bArahavIM zatAbdI) viracita tattvArthasUtra kI yaha vRtti prakArAntara se AcArya pUjyapAda kI sarvArthasiddhi kA hI rUpAntaraNa hai / isakI viSayavastu sarvArthasiddhi evaM rAjavArtika ke sAtha katipaya anya granthoM se bhI saMgrahIta huI hai| kintu inake niyojana ke kauzala se unakI vidvattA evaM surucipUrNa zailI kA prabhAva pAThakoM para avazya par3atA hai| 1. tatvArthasAra, 1/4, 2. tatvAvRttiTippaNa, maMgalAcaraNa, J.P ARS Page #77 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ * kRti meM, jisako subodhavRti nAma diyA gayA hai eka alekhanIya vizeSatA yaha hai kihA~ sarvisiddhi ke prArambha meM pAye jAne vAle maMgalAcaraNaspa zloka mokSamArgasya metAraM ....'ko bhUla granthakAra kA sparapasenahIkala gayA hai, use yahA~ kaha diyA gayA hai| bA-'.....mArapAda-milarakiyobAdI nAkAraloka.... bama bamugAvArtha: ko yaha bAta isase pUrva kI kisI bhI TIkA meM nahIM kahI gayI thii| bhAme ise ho pramANa mAnakara sabhI ne isa maMgala zloka ko tatvArthasUkkAra kA mAnya kara liyA hai| tatvAvRti (zubhasAgarIya) bhaTTAraka zrutasAgara ne granthaprazasti me apanA sampUrNa paricaya diyA hai| yathA - Apake guru mUlasaMgha, sarasvatIgaccha balAtkAragaNa meM hue vidyAnandi hai| jinake ki guru bhaTTAraka devendrakIrti the| Apa sUrata zAkhA ke bhaTTAraka the| inhoMne apane ko dezavratI eva varNI jaisA abhidhAna ke sAtha aneka alaMkaraNoM se vibhUSita nirUpita kiyA hai| Apake paTTa kI vistRta paTTAvalI evaM ApakI anya racanAoM ke AdhAra para bhApakA samaya vikrama kI solahavIM zatAbdI nizcita hotA hai| ____ Apa bahuzruta vidvAn the| isI kAraNa Apane apanI isa vRtti meM sarvArthasiddhi ke vyAkhyAna ko hI bistRta karane ke lie aneka anya grantho ko AdhAra banAyA hai / isa TIkA meM jaina vyAkaraNa grantha kAtantra kA paryApta ullekha huA hai| yaha tattvArthasUtra kI prathama TIkA hai jisameM ki kAtantra vyAkaraNa ke sUtroM ke sandarbha nibaddha kiye gaye haiN| isa dRtti kI bhASA sarala va subodha saMskRta hai / lekhaka kA viSaya ke sAtha bhASA para bhI pUrNa adhikAra hai| ApakI anya racanAoM kI apekSA isa racanA meM bhASAgata prauDhatA ke darzana hote haiN| isa vRtti ke katipaya skhalana bhI carcA ke viSaya hote hai| inameM khAsataura para digambara paramparA meM eka skhalana kI carcA to avazya hI kI jAtI hai| vaha hai kucha asamartha sAdhunoM ke lie zItakAla mAdi meM kambala mAvi grahaNa karane kaa| yadyapi Apake mata se ve sAdhu isakA prakSAlana, sIvana yA anya koI prayala nahI karate aura zItakAla vyatIta hone para vaha tyAjya ho jAtA hai / kintu ApakA yaha mata digambara paramparA meM kathamapi mAnya nahIM ho sktaa| hArimanIvavRtti tattvArthAdhigamabhASya para eka laghukAya vRtti upalabdha hotI hai, jisake kartA ke rUpa meM yadyapi yAkinIsUnu AcArya haribhadra kA nAma liyA jAtA hai kintu yaha racanA sampUrNatayA unakI nahIM hai| apitu isameM kama se kama anya tIna AcAryoM kA yoga hone puSTi upalabdha sAkSyoM se hotI hai| anya tIna sahakartAoM meM eka AcArya yazobhadra haiM, dUsare unake ziSya, jinakA ki nAma abhAta hai| isakI sUcanA AcArya yazobhadra ke ziSya ne apanI vRtti (mAtra dazaveM adhyAya ke antima sUtra kI vRtti likhI) meM dI hai| AcArya yazobhadra ne AcArya haribhadra se avaziSTa (sADhe pA~ca adhyAya ke alAvA) bhAga para vRtti 1. sukhabodhavRtti, 2. tatvAvRtti 9/w, Page #78 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ 22 /wwwning-firma madyapi AcArya haribhadra ne siddhasenagaNI kI vRtti se apanI isa TIkA ko upakRta kiyA hai| kintu usake bAda bhI unakI isa racanA meM unake vyaktitva kI chApa pRthak dikhAI detI hai| yathA - sUtre 1/3 kI TIkA kA kI gaI hai ki jaba sabhI jIva anAdi se haiM aura unake karma bhI anAdikAlIna haiM taba unako samyagdarzana alaga-alaga kAla meM kyoM hotA hai ? isake samAdhAna meM likhA hai- samyagdarzana kA lAbha viziSTa kAla, svabhAva, niyati, karma aura puruSakAra rUpa sAmagrI se hotA hai aura vaha sAmagrI pratyeka jIva kI bhinna-bhinna hotI hai| isI prasaMga meM siddhasena divAkara ke sanmatitarka kI kArikA bhI uddhRta kI gayI hai| yaha prasaMga siddhasenIyavRtti meM anupalabdha hai| isI prakAra bhagavAna kevalI ke jJAnopayoga evaM darzanopayoga ke viSaya meM bhI prasaMgopAtta carcA kI gayI hai jI paramparA se kucha haTakara hai| isa choTI-sI vRtti meM aneka vizeSatAe~ haiN| cUMki AcArya haribhadra jaina AgamoM ke marmajJa evaM sAhityavijJa adhyetA the| isase unakI kRti meM isa prakAra kI apekSA honA hI svAbhAvika hai / unakI zailI bhI unake jJAna se samAna hI asAdhAraNa hai / antataH yaha kahA jA sakatA hai ki kRti laghu hone para bhI yatheSTa bodhaprada evaM upayogI hai| anya anupalabdha TIkAeM ina vRttiyoM ke atirikta bhI katipaya vRttiyoM jAnakArI upalabdha hotI hai parantu ve racanAeM adyAvadhi anupalabdha hI haiN| anupalabdha racanAoM meM do pramukha racanAoM ke ullekha paM. kailAzacandra jI ne apane jaina sAhitya kA itihAsa meM kiye haiN| unameM prathama hai paM. yogadeva kRt| unakI sUcanAnusAra yaha TIkA bhI sarvArthasiddhi aura tattvArthavArtika kI upajIvI hai / bhASA suspaSTa evaM subodhagamya hai| ApakI sUcanA se isakA nAma bhI sukhabodhavRtti hI jJAta hotA hai| karttA ke samaya ke viSaya meM koI nizcita jAnakArI nahIM miltii| dUsarI anya TIkA hai tttvaaryrtnprbhaakr| unakI sUcanAnusAra isake Arambha meM isake praNayana kA karttA evaM nimitta Adi kI carcA hai| tadanusAra isake karttA prabhAcanda nAmaka bhaTTAraka haiM, jo kASThAsaMghIya surendrakIrti, hemakIrti Adi kI paramparA ke haiN| isa grantha kI vizeSatA ke viSaya meM paM. kailAzacandra zAstrI jI kahate haiM ki yaha TIkA saMskRta aura hindI ke mizraNa rUpa meM upalabdha hai / athavA hindI kA bhAga hI adhika hai| yathA 'evaM guNa virAjamAnaM jIvatastvaM, vyavahArI prANa daza, paJcendriya prANa paMca, mana vacana kAya prANa tIna, usvAsa nizvAsa prANa eka, Ava prANa eka, evaM vyavahAra naya prANa daza bhavati, nizcaya prANa cAra catvAri bhavanti / " ekatra eka anya TIkA kA ullekha karate hue zAstrI jI kahate haiM ki bhaTTAraka rAjendramaulI kRta 'arhatsUtravRtti' bhI tattvArthasUtra para likhI gayI hai| jisakA samaya evaM paricaya ajJAta hI hai| 1. bhAga 2, pR. 366-7, 2. bahI, pR. 367, 3. vahI, pR. 232, Page #79 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ - isake sAtha hI paM. sukhanAla saMghavI jI ne apanI tattvArthasUtra kI prastAvanA meM tIna-cAra TIkAoM kA ullekha kiyA haiN| jinakattA ke nAma bApAca manamagiri, piratanAna, bApaka zauviSaya aura gaNoM kA vivAha / gaNi yazovijaya kRta TippaNa kI vizeSatA nidarzita karAte hue Apane sUcanA dI hai ki jaise vAcaka yazovijaya Adi zvetAmbara vidvAnoM ne aSTasahanI jaise digambara-granthoM para TIkAeM likhI haiM vaise hI gaNI yazovijaya ne bhI tasvArthasUtra ke sarvArthasiddhi mAnya digambara sUtrapATha para mAtra sUtroM kA arthapUraka TippaNa likhA hai aura TippaNa likhate hue unhoMne jahA~-jahA~ zvetAmbaradigambara matabheda yA matavirodha AtA hai vahA~ sarvatra zvetAmbara paramparA ke anusAra hI artha kiyA hai| sUtrapATha digambara hote hue bhI artha zvetAmbarIya hai|" ___ yaha saMbhavataH sarvaprathama gujarAtI kI tasvArthasUtra para upalabdha hone vAlI TIkA hai| jisakA nAma lekhaka ne bAlAvabodha diyA hai| tattvArthasUtra para jisa prakAra saMskRta bhASA meM bhASya yA vRttiyoM kA nirmANa huA hai usI prakAra inake anuvAda/ rUpAntaraNa hindI, gujarAtI, marAThI, urdU, kannaDa, tamila jaisI anya bhAratIya bhASAoM evaM aMgrejI Adi videzI bhASAoM meM bhI upalabdha hote haiN| inameM kitane hI vivecana mahattvapUrNa haiN| jaise - aMgrejI anuvAda meM je. ela. jainI, DA. nathamala TATiyA kA yA pro. esa e. jaina kA / hindI meM paM. sadAsukhadAsa jI kI arthaprakAzikA yA paM. sukhalAla saMghavI kA sUtrArtha vivecana yA paM. phUlacandra siddhAntazAstrI kA vivecana / isa taraha sabhI bhASAoM nibaddha hone vAle tattvArthasUtra evaM unakI TIkAoM kI saMkhyA arddhazataka ke AsapAsa taka hogI, jo ki usakI prasiddhi ke mAnaka khyApita karatI hai| isa prakAra jaina vAGmaya ke vizAla bhaNDAra meM tattvArthasUtra jitanA mahanIya grantharAja hai utanI hI unakI TIkAyeM/ bhASya/vRttiyA~ subodhaprada evaM vividhapUrNa haiN| jinake abhyAsa jainAgama, darzana evaM saMhitA jaise vividhaviSayoM kI paryApta jAnakArI hAsila kI jA sakatI hai| yaha kahanA bhI ucita hI hogA ki tattvArthasUtra para prApta TIkAoM kI bahulatA evaM vividhatA ne hI tattvArthasUtra ko mahanIya se mahanIyatama banA diyA hai| jaise ki sonA sugandha sahita mila gayA ho / tathA pratyeka TIkAeM zikhara para suzobhita hone vAle eka se bar3hakara eka kalaza kI taraha daidIpyamAna haiN| aisI amara kRti jaina sAhitya ke bhaNDAra kI zrIvRddhi karatI huI jayavanta rhe| - - 1. sasvArthasUna, prastAvanA, pR. 38-9, Page #80 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ /24/ 14 sampUrNa jainAgama kA sAra : tattvArthasUna } DaoN. ke. ela. jaina tattva + artha = tattvArtha / 'tatva' kA Azaya hai jo zreSTha, zubha aura upayogI hai vaha 'tattva' hai| 'artha' kA Azaya - zabda meM antarnihita bhAva kI bhUmi / 'sUtra' kA Azaya hai- saMketa / aise saMketa jinameM artha kI garimA kA gAmbhIrya vidyamAna ho / - isa prakAra 'sattvArthasUtra' se tAtparya hai isa sRSTi meM jo kucha zreSTha, zubha aura upayogI hai, usameM antarnihita bhAva kI bhUmi ko aise saMketoM ke dvArA samajhanA jinameM artha kI garimA kA gAmbhIrya vidyamAna ho / AcArya umAsvAmI dvArA viracita 'tattvAryasUtra' meM sampUrNa jainAgama kA sAra samAhita hai| isameM jainadharma ke una sUtroM kI vistRta vivecanA kI gaI hai jise apanAkara koI bhI sAMsArika prANI isa sasAra se 'mukti' ko prApta kara sakatA hai, isalie 'tattvAryasUtra' kA aparanAma 'mokSazAstra' bhI hai| bhAratIya darzana meM antima puruSArtha ko 'mokSa' mAnA gayA | 'mokSa' kA tAtparya hai 'mama' kA 'kSaya' / arthAt jaba prANI mAtra ke 'ahaM' kA pUrNa rUpa se 'kSaya' ho jAya taba usake 'mokSa' kA mArga svayameva hI prazasta ho jAtA hai| jaina paramparA meM 'tattvArthasUtra' kA mahattva sarvamAnya hai| jisa prakAra hinduoM meM gItA, IsAiyoM meM bAIbila aura musalamAnoM meM kurAna kA mahattva hai| ThIka usI prakAra se jainoM meM 'tasvArthasUtra' kA mahattva hai| isake kartA AcArya umAsvAmI hai| AcArya umAsvAmI zrI kundakundAcArya jI ke pramukha ziSya the| ve vikrama samvat dUsarI zatAbdI me AcArya pada para pratiSThita hue| jaina AgamoM meM 'tasvArthasUtra' kI racanA sarvaprathama saMskRta bhASA meM huii| isa zAstra kA vistAra aura vivecana karane ke lie aneka TIkAe~ likhIM gii| sarvArthasiddhi, rAjavArtika, zlokavArtika aura arthaprakAzikA isI zAstra kI TIkAe~ haiN| mahatvapUrNa bAta yaha hai ki bAlaka se lekara mahApaNDitoM taka kelie yaha zAstra upayogI hai| AcArya umAsvAmI jI ne isakI racanA itanI AkarSaka DhaMga se kI hai ki atyalpa zabdoM meM hI 'jainAgama' ke sArasvarUpa ko saMgrahIta kara diyA hai| isa zAstra ko par3hane se patha-bhrAnta saMsArI jIva 'mokSamArga' kI yAtrA taya kara sakatA hai| isake prArambha meM hI samyagdarzana - jJAna - cAritra kI ekatA ko 'mokSamArga' batalAyA hai| arthAt samyagdarzana- jJAna cAritrANi mokSamArgaH / 'tattvArthasUtra' ko AcArya umAsvAmI jI ne dasa adhyAyoM meM vibhakta kiyA hai| isa grantha meM kula 357 sUtra haiN| prathama adhyAya meM 33 sUtra haiM inameM mukhya rUpa se samyagdarzana, jJAna, cAritra tInoM kI ekatA ko mokSamArga kA rUpa batalAkara inakA vistAra se vivecana kiyA gayA hai| dUsare adhyAya meM 53 sUtra haiM jinameM jIvatattva kA varNana hai| isameM mukhya rUpa se jIva ke bhAva, lakSaNa aura zarIra ke sAtha jIva ke sambandha kA varNana kiyA gayA hai| tIsare aura cauthe adhyAya meM kramazaH 39 aura 42 sUtra haiN| ina donoM hI adhyAyoM meM saMsArI jIvoM ke rahane ke sthAna tathA adho, madhya, Urdhva ina tInoM lokoM kA varNana hai sAtha hI sAtha naraka, tiryaca, manuSya tathA deva ina cAra matiyoM kA vivecana kiyA gayA hai| isa taraha prathama cAra adhyAya * AcArya / adhyakSa, hindI vibhAga, nUtana bihAra kaoNlonI, TIkamagaDha Page #81 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ tas25 'jIta' ke varNana se sambandhita hai| adhyAya pAMca meM 2 sUtra haiM jinameM mukhya rUpa se ajIba tatva kA varNana kiyA gayA hai| isameM pudgala Adi ajIva dravyoM kA bhI varNana hai| chaThaveM aura sAtaveM adhyAya meM bhI kramazaH 57 aura 36 sUtra haiN| ye donoM hI adhyAya AsavaM tatva se sambandhita haiN| chaThaveM adhyAya meM Asava kA svarUpa tathA mAThoM karma ke Asava ke kAraNa batAye gaye haiN| jabaki sAtaveM adhyAya meM zubhAsrava kA varNana hai| jisameM bAraha vratoM kA samAveza milatA hai| zrAvakAcAra kA varNana bhI isa adhyAya ke sUtroM meM dekhA jA sakatA hai| AThaveM adhyAya meM 26 sUtra haiN| inameM bandhatatva kA varNana hai / bandha kI sthiti aura kAraNoM ke bhedoM kA varNana bhI isameM kiyA gayA hai| navama adhyAya meM 47 sUtra haiN| jinameM saMvara aura nirjarA kI atyanta sundara vivecanA dekhane ko milatI hai| nirgrantha muniyoM ke svarUpa kA varNana bhI isa adhyAya meM kiyA gayA hai| isa prakAra prathama adhyAya meM samyagdarzana aura samyagjJAna kA varNana kiyA gayA aura navama adhyAya meM samyakcAritra kA varNana huA hai| isa prakAra samyagdarzana, samyagjJAna aura samyakcAritra kA mokSamArga varNana pUrNa hone ke uparAnta dasaveM adhyAya meM nau sUtroM ke dvArA 'mokSatasva' kA varNana AcArya umAsvAmI ne kiyA hai| ataH sakSepa meM yaha kahA jA sakatA hai ki 'tasvArthasUtra' meM samyagdarzana, samyagjJAna aura samyakvAritra ke rUpa meM mokSamArga, pramANa-naya-nikSepa, jIva-ajIvAdi sAta tattva, Urdhva-madhya-adho ina tIna loka, cAra gatiyoM, chaha dravya aura dravya-guNa- paryAya ina sabakA svarUpa A jAtA hai| isa prakAra AcArya umAsvAmI jI ne 'tasvArthasUtra' meM tatvajJAna kA aparimita bhaNDAra bhara diyA hai| zramaNa saMskRti ke anusAra 'jainadharma' guNavAdI hai vyaktivAdI nhiiN| vaha vyakti ko nahIM varan usake andara ke guNoM ko hI zreSTha mAnatA hai| isIlie 'zramaNasaMskRti' meM puruSArtha ko vizeSa mahattva diyA gayA hai| jIvana ke cAra puruSArthoM arthAt dharma, artha, kAma aura mokSa meM 'mokSa' ke lie hI pradhAna puruSArtha mAnA gayA hai| 'mokSa' arthAt saMsAra ke paribhramaNa se mukti / janma-maraNa ke satat cakra meM calate rahane se virAma kI sthiti ko prApta karanA / virAma 'mokSa' hai gatimAna saMsAra hai / 'virAma' kI sthiti taka le jAne ke lie ina sAta tattvoM (jIva, ajIva, Asava, bandha, savara, nirjarA aura mokSa) ko jIvana meM utArane, tathA unakA pathika banane kI satat kriyA hai 'tattvArthasUtra' / jisane ise sacce arthoM meM dekhakara cetana rUpa meM svIkAra kara liyA aura phira usake kriyAtmaka rUpa ko jIvana meM dhAraNa kara liyA usakA jIvana se mukta honA sunizcita hai / mukti ke lie andara kA darzana zucitApUrNa honA caahie| kyoMki sArA khela to andara kA hai| bAhya rUpa arthAt bAnA, vANI aura kriyA to Antarika parivartana ke prerita rUpa haiN| ataH jisakA antas saMvara gayA usakA jIvana samhala gyaa| aura jisakA antara bigar3a gayA usakA saba kucha naSTa ho gyaa| kyoMki bAhya rUpa to mithyAtva hai mithyAtva kA bhrama TUTe aura andara kI zucitA kA vistAra ho 'tattvArthasUtra' kA sacce arthoM meM yahI sAra hai| 'tattvArthasUna' kA aparanAma 'mokSazAstra' bhI hai / 'mokSa' arthAt 'mama' kA 'aya' / 'mokSamArga' kA rAstA, prazasta karane ke lie 'mama' kA 'kSaya' aparihArya hai| isake lie samyaktva kI AvazyakatA hotI hai / 'samyak' yahA~ 'satya' kA pratIka hai aura 'mithyA' asatya kA / samyak mokSa kA mArga hai, mithyA saMsAra kA mArga hai| saMsArI prANI nAnA prakAra ke vikalpoM meM apanI zraddhA banAye rakhatA hai isalie vaha AtmA ko bhUla jAtA hai| vaha bAharI padArthoM ko apanA mAna letA hai| use yaha bhrama ho jAtA hai ki maiM hI kartA huuN| phira vaha jar3a padArthoM kA bhoktA banakara apane jIvana ko naSTa kara letA hai| yahI 'mithyAtva' prANI mAtra ke lie 'mokSa' se vilaga hone tathA saMsAra meM bhaTakane ke lie bAdhya karatA hai| saMsAra ke jIva yadi duHkhI haiM to kevala mithyAtva ke kaarnn| isa 'mithyAtva' ko dUra karane kA eka hI upAya hai vaha hai 'samyagdarzana' / arthAt vastu ke svabhAva ko satya rUpa meM jAnanA / vastu ke satya rUpa kA bodha hone para 'mama' kA kSaya hone lagatA hai| isake Page #82 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ * dvArA vAstavika jJAna kI pratIti hone lagatI hai| yaha vAstavika jJAna hI prANI mAtra kA cetana tatva hai jise hama "sammAna' kaha sakate haiN| jaba vastu ke yathArtha svarUpa ko cetanA dvArA svIkAra kara liyA jAtA hai taba usake anurUpa mAcaraNa kI bAta bAtI hai| aisA AcaraNa jo antarbAhya kI dRSTi se eka rUpa ho, yahI samyakcAritra hai| ataH yaha kahA jA sakatA hai ki vastu ke yathArtha svarUpa ko cetana tasva dvArA svIkRta karane ke uparAnta usI ke anurUpa AcaraNa karane para prANI mAtra apane yantavya ke lakSya ko prApta kara sakatA hai| yaha gantavya hai 'mokSa' arthAt mukti / svatantratA | aisI svatA jo sabhI prakAra kI mAkulatAoM se rahita ho| aura jaba kisI prANI meM kisI taraha kI AkulatA nahIM rahatI vahI 'saccA sukha' hai| aura isa sukha ko kevala vahI saccA vItarAgI prApta kara sakatA hai jisane darzana, jJAna, cAritra ke 'samyak' svarUpa ke marma ko samajha liyA hai| dUsare zabdoM meM hama yaha bhI kaha sakate haiM ki jo jIva 'AtmA' meM ruci rakhatA ho aura jisane AtmA ke yathArtha jJAna ko bhalI-bhA~ti jAna liyA ho aura phira vaha apane usa Atma rUpa meM sthiratA se ramaNa karane lge| aisA vItarAgI hI 'AtmA' ke sacce sukha kI anubhUti prApta kara mokSamArga kA pathika bana sakatA hai| mokSamArga kA tAtparya hai 'AtmA kI zuddhi' kA maarg| yahI sacce arthoM meM jainadarzana kA sAra rUpa hai| isa saMsAra meM jisane bhI dharma haiM - hindU, jaina, bauddha, sikkha, IsAI, islAma Adi sabhI dharmoM meM jIvatattva ke lie 'mukti' kI kAmanA kI gaI hai| mukti 'jIva' kA antima lakSya hai| lekina sabhI dharma 'mukti' kI bAta ko apane-apane DhaMga se kahate haiN| prAyaH sabhI dharmo kA mAnanA hai ki jIva kA kalyANa paramAtmA kI bhakti meM hai| usake dvArA nirdezita siddhAntoM ko AcaraNa meM utArane meM hai| usakI bhakti kA mUla prayojana usake guNoM ko AtmasAt karanA hai| aisA karane para hI AtmA kA vistAra saMbhava hai| prAyaH sabhI dharmoM ke darzana AtmA ko paramAtmA kA pratIka mAnate haiN| arthAt sabhI prANiyo ke andara jIvatattva paramAtmA kA aMza hai| isa AtmA ko 'jJAna' ke dvArA cetana svarUpa pradAna kara use vistAra diyA jA sakatA hai| jainadarzana kI sabase bar3I upalabdhi yaha hai ki usane 'AtmA' ko sacce arthoM meM ucca pada pradAna kiyA hai| 'AtmA' kA vistAra yadi yaha jIva cAhe to usa sImA taka kara sakatA hai ki vaha svayaM paramAtmA bana jaay| jainadarzana hI eka aisA darzana hai jisane AtmA ko paramAtmA banane kA maulika adhikAra pradAna kiyA hai| AtmA se paramAtmA banane kI satat kriyA ke svarUpa kA nAma hI 'tasvArthasUtra' hai| yaha jIvana ke antima puruSArtha 'mokSa' taka kA rAstA prazasta karatA hai| jainAgama kA sAra bhI eka hI hai- saMsAra se paribhramaNa kA anta arthAt mukti / isIlie pratyeka jJAnI jise Atma tattva kA bodha sacce arthoM meM ho jAtA hai, 'mokSa' kI kAmanA karatA hai| usa parama Ananda kI jise prApta karane ke uparAnta samasta kAmanAeM virAma le letI haiM, yaha jIva antima par3Ava 'mokSa' ko prApta kara letA hai| 'tattvArthasUtra' jaise mahanIya grantha para yaha 'rASTrIya saMgoSThI' prANI mAtra ke jIvana meM 'mukti' ke mAhAtmya ko cetanA meM utArakara 'mokSamArga' kA anugAmI banane meM sahAyaka bane / Page #83 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ * *nirmalacana mojamA tAra tAre karmaNavAm / prastAva diyAmA bande gdgunnaalbce|| ratnatraya eka pAribhASika zabda hai jisakA artha hai tIna ratna / paudgalika pRthvIkAyika padArthoM meM ratna sarvAdhika bahumUlya padArtha haiN| hamArI indriyA~ paudgalika padArthoM ko hI grahaNa kara pAtI haiM ata: indriyAtIta Atmika guNoM evaM anya mahattvapUrNa cetana-acetana padArthoM ko unakI alaukika bahumUlpatA ke kAraNa ratna kI upamA dekara samajhAyA jAtA hai| hama deva-zAstra-guru kI pUjA meM par3hate haiM . prathama deva asaMta muna miti, guru niyanba mahanta mukatipura panta ra tIna ratana jaga mAMhi so ye mavi bAiye, sinakI bhakti prasAda paramapada paaye| ina paMktiyoM meM deva-zAstra-guru ko tIna ratna kahA gayA hai| jinAgama meM samyagdarzana, samyagjJAna aura samyakcAritra AtmA ko paramAtmA banAne ke liye tIna ratnoM ke rUpa meM sabala kAraNa mAne gaye haiM ataH unheM ralatraya ke rUpa meM paribhASita kiyA jAtA hai| Agama meM ratnatraya kA artha prAya: samyagdarzana-samyagjJAna-samyakcAritra hI milatA hai| AcArya umAsvAmI bhagavaMta ne apane tattvArthasUtra grantha meM ratnatraya zabda kA prayoga kahIM nahIM kiyA parantu pahale hI sUtra meM samyagdarzana-samyagjJAna-samyakcAritra ko mokSamArga batAkara unakA mahattva aura bahumUlyatA sUcita kara dii| Age tasvArthasUna grantha ke TIkAkAra AcAryoM evaM vidvAnoM ne ina tIna ko prAya: ratnatraya zabda se ullikhita kiyA hai| AcArya kArtikeyasvAmI ne dharma kI paribhASA karate hue ratnatraya ko bhI dharma batAyA hai - mammo pazumahAyo, samAdipAyo / basaviDo dhammo / pa . bamboM, jIvA rasno pammo // ' tasvArthasUtra grantha kA prathama sUtra 'sabhyambanizAgapArivAni bhova-mArgaH' meM atyaMta gaMbhIra artha samAhita hai / usameM mokSamArgaH ekavacata likhakara AcArya mahArAja spaSTa kara rahe haiM ki samyagdarzana, samyagjJAna aura samyakcAritra tInoM ke milane se hI mokSamArga banatA hai aura inakI pUrNatA se hI mokSa kI prApti hotI hai| inameM se koI eka yA do pRthakarahakara mola ke liye kAraNa nahIM bnte| kahA bhI hai - - - 1. kArtikamAyuprekSA, mAthA 478. *suSamA presa parisara, satanA485001, 07672-234960,257299 Page #84 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ 28/sasvArthamA-nika sambagdarzana-jJAna-ta, ina bina mukati na ho| apane Atma svarUpa meM zraddhA, apanI AtmA kA hI svasaMvedana jJAna aura apanI AtmA meM hI nizcala sthiti rUpa abheda arthAta nirvikalpa ratnatraya ko nizcaya mokSamArga aura sAta tatvoM ke zraddhAna rUpa sacce deva, zAstra va guru ke zraddhAna rUpa, sva-para bhedavijJAna rUpa Adi bheda vAlA savikalpa ratnatraya vyavahAra mokSamArga mAnA gayA hai| AcArya kundakunda bhagavaMta ne ratnatraya kI paribhASA karate hue likhA hai - sammata sArNa bhAvANaM temimadhigamo NANaM / cArita samabhAvo visabesa vigatamAgANaM // samyagdarzana pahale hotA hai, usase mokSamArga kA dvAra khulatA hai| samyagdarzana prApta hote hI jIva ke sasAra kI anaMtatA naSTa ho jAtI hai| aba use kisI bhI sthiti meM ardhapudgala parAvartana kAla se adhika sasAra meM nahIM rahanA / ata: samyagdarzana ko pramukhatA dekara usakI bahuta prazaMsA tattvArthasUtra grantha ke TIkAkAra AcArya bhagavaMtoM ne kI hai| Agama meM anyatra bhI samyagdarzana ko pUjya mAnA gayA hai| AcArya samantabhadra svAmI ne mokSamArga meM samyagdarzana ko karNadhAra kahA hai - darzana zAnacAritrAt sAdhimAnamupAznute / darzana karNadhAra tanmojamArga pracakSate // samyagdRSTi jIva kI upalabdhiyoM kI bhI prazaMsA kI gaI hai| dRDha zraddhAna ke kAraNa usake AcaraNa meM aisI vizeSatA A jAtI hai ki vaha ikatAlIsa prakRtiyoM kA abaMdhaka ho jAtA hai| phira bhI cAritra ke abhAva meM vaha samyagdarzana akelA mokSa kA kAraNa nahIM bntaa| paMDita daulatarAma jI ne chahaDhAlA kI tIsarI DhAla meM samyagdarzana kI bhUri-bhUri prazasA kI hai, use mokSamahale kI prathama sIr3hI kahA hai| ukta prazaMsA par3hakara koI samyagdarzana mAtra ko mokSamArga na mAna le isaliye cauthI DhAla kI pahalI paMkti meM hI likha diyA - 'samyakapA dhAra pani sevAha smyjaan'| unhoMne samyagjJAna kI prazaMsA meM bhI kaha diyA / mAna samAna namAna jagata meM subako kAraNa' / paraMtu jJAna kI prazaMsA meM ATha chaMda likhane ke bAda paDitajI ne likhA'samyagjJAnI homa bahuri viTha pArita sIce / isa prakAra pRthak-pRthak prazaMsA karake bhI mokSamArga meM tInoM kI ekatA anivArya batA dii| aupazamika, kSAyopazamika aura kSAyika ke bheda se samyagdarzana tIna prakAra kA hai| aupazamika samyagdarzana to antarmuharta ke liye hI hotA hai, kSAyopathamika samyagdarzana antarmuharta se lekara chiyAsaTha sAgara taka raha sakatA hai aura kSAyika samyagdarzana kabhI naSTa nahIM hotA, vaha to anantakAla taka rahatA hai| samyagdarzana ke sarAga samyagdarzana aura vItarAga samyagdarzana rUpa do bheda bhI haiN| prazama, saMvega, anukampA aura Astikya guNoM ke dvArA jo abhivyakta hotA hai vaha sarAga samyagdarzana hai aura Atmavizuddhi hI jisameM pramukha hai vaha vItarAga samyagdarzana hai, aisA AcArya bhAskaranandi ne tattvArthasUtra kI tattvArthavRtti TIkA meM kahA hai| ___ AcArya bhagavaMtoM ne spaSTa kiyA hai ki kSAyika samyagdarzana cauthe guNasthAna meM bhI ho sakatA hai paraMtu mahAvatoM ke 1. samayasAra, 150. 2.rala. zrAva.31 Page #85 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ abhAva meM vaha sarAma rahegA aura tarAya zAmika samvRSTi na to pUrNa jJAna prAptakara mutavalI ho sakatA hai aura nI kevalajJAna prAptakara mokSa jA sakatA hai / yadyapi samyagdarzana hote hI jJAna samyak ho jAtA hai aura samyaka jJAna kI alpatA kI sozamArga meM bAdhaka nahIM hai / paraMtu kevalajJAna kI prApti cAra ghAtiyAM karmoM ke naSTa hue binA nahIM hotI aura jana karmoM ke nAza meM vItarAma cArika hI kAraNa banatA hai| ataH tInoM kI ekatA vAlA ratnatraya hI mokSa kA kAraNa hai| AcAryo me samyagdarzana kI cAritra ke sAtha viSama vyApti svIkArI hai| unhoMne caturtha guNasthAnavartI avirala samyagdRSTi ko na to ratnatrayadhArI mAnA hai aura na hI mokSamArgI / AcAryoM ke spaSTa vivecana ke bAda bhI caturtha guNasthAnavartI avirata samyagdRSTi ko zuddhopayogI yA svarUpAcaraNa cAritra vAlA mAnanA tattvArthasUtra grantha ke prathama sUtra 'samyagdarzanajJAnacAritrANi mokSamArga' kI bhAvanA ke viparIta hai / tattvArthasUtra 357 sUtroM kA laghu grantha hote hue bhI itanA mahattvapUrNa hai ki usa para aneka vijJa AcArya bhagavaMtoM ne vizada TIkAoM kI racanA kI hai| jaise AcArya pUjyapAda ne sarvArthasiddhi, AcArya akalaMkadeva ne tattvArtharAjavArtika, AcArya yogIndradeva ne tasvaprakAzikA, AcArya abhayanandi ne tasvArthavRtti, AcArya vidyAnandi ne zlokavArtika, AcArya bhAskaranandi ne sukhabodhaTIkA, AcArya zrutasAgara ne tattvArthavRtti Adi / AcArya samantabhadra svAmI ne gandhahasti mahAbhASya nAma se vRhat TIkA kI racanA kI thI jo hameM upalabdha nahIM hai| usakI ekamAtra hastalikhita prati kisI videzI granthAlaya kI zobhA bar3hA rahI hai| tattvArthasUtra thor3e se pAThabheda ke sAtha zvetAmbara sampradAya meM bhI mAnya hai ata: haribhadrasUri aura siddhasenagaNi jaise zvetAmbara AcAryoM ne bhI isakI TIkAyeM kI haiN| yaha bhI ullekhanIya hai ki prAyaH sabhI TIkAkAroM ne samyagdarzana aura samyagjJAna kA vivecana karane vAle tattvArthasUtra ke prathama adhyAya kA pramukhatA se vivecana kiyA hai| samyagdarzana kI prApti ke liye saMjJI paMcendriya paryAptaka honA Avazyaka hai isameM manuSya hone kI koI zarta nahIM hai| cAroM gatiyoM meM samyagdarzana prApta ho sakatA hai| manuSya, deva aura nArakI to saMjJI paMcendriya hI hote haiN| tiryaMcoM meM sajJI paMcendriya pazu samyagdarzana prApta kara sakate haiN| kaunasI gati meM samyagdarzana prApti ke kauna-kauna se kAraNa haiM isakA vivecana tattvArthasUtra grantha kI sarvArthasiddhi evaM anya TIkAoM meM prathama adhyAya ke sAtaveM sUtra 'nirdeza - svAmitvasAdhanAdhikaraNasthitividhAnataH' meM kiyA gayA hai| vizeSatA yaha hai ki dharmazravaNa ko cAroM gatiyoM meM mamyagdarzana prApti kA kAraNa mAnA hai| isase dharmazravaNa kI upayogitA siddha hotI hai| zrAvakoM ko prayAsa pUrvaka dharmazravaNa ke avasara juTAne cAhiye / jJAna to jJAna hI hai, usameM samyak aura mithyA vizeSaNa to jJAnadhArI jIva ke kAraNa lagate haiN| yadi jIva samyagdRSTi hai to sAta tatvoM para dRDha zraddhAna hone se usakA jJAna samyagjJAna mAnA jAtA hai aura samyaktva ke abhAva meM vaha mithyAjJAnI kahalAtA hai / dUsare sUtra meM hI tattvArthaddhAnaM samyagdarzanam likhakara AcArya mahArAja ne spaSTa kara diyA hai tattvoM ke vAstavika artha kA zraddhAna hI samyagdarzana hai| cauthe sUtra meM yaha bhI batA diyA ki tattvArtha se unakA Azaya mokSamArga meM kAryakArI zrIvAdi sAta tatvoM ke vAstavika artha se hai| ukta sAta tattva samajhAne ke liye hI dasa adhyAyoM meM tattvArthasUtra kI racanA huI hai| jJAna kI carcA AcArya umAsvAmI bhagavaMta ne tattvArthasUna ke prathama adhyAya meM nauve sUtra se taitIsa sUtra taka kI / isameM jJAna ke sabhI bheda-prabhedoM kA vistAra se varNana hai| nauveM sUtra "matimuktAvacimana:paryayakevalAni jJAnam" meM jJAna ke pAMca nAma batAkara agale tIna sUtroM meM spaSTa kara diyA ki samyagjJAna pramANa hai aura usake parokSa va pratyakSa do bheda Page #86 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ 30/ haiN| Age ikatIsaveM sUtra "matiyutAnAmo viparyayasya" meM batAyA ki matijJAna, zrutajJAna aura avadhijJAna mithyA bhI hote haiM / 15 jIva tatva kaha dene mAtra se hama jaise maMdabuddhi loga jIva kA sahI svarUpa nahIM samajha pAte, hiMsA se virata nahIM ho pAte aura samyagdarzana se vaMcita raha jaate| isaliye AcArya mahArAja ne saMsArI jIvoM kI samasta avasthAoM kA varNana karane ke liye dUsarA, tIsarA evaM cauthA adhyAya aura likhaa| ina adhyAyoM kA vistAra se vivecana TIkAkAra AcAryoM ne apane granthoM meM kiyA hai| pratipakSa ke jJAna binA bhI padArtha kA sahI jJAna nahIM ho pAtA, ataH jIva ko samajhane ke liye ajIva ko jAnanA bhI Avazyaka hai| ajIva tattva samajhAne ke liye grantha meM pAMcavAM adhyAya likhA gyaa| isameM umAsvAmI mahArAja ne chaha dravyoM kI carcA karate hue pAca ajIva dravyoM kA vizeSa vyAkhyAna kiyaa| usameM bhI pudgala dravya kA vistAra se vivecana hai kyoki pudgala hI hamArI indriyoM kA viSaya banatA hai aura pudgala ke saMsarga ke kAraNa hI hama saMsAra meM bhaTaka rahe haiN| yaha kaThinAI bhI hai ki aise sUkSma pudgala hamArI bhaTakana ke vizeSa kAraNa haiM jo hamAre indriyagocara hI nahIM haiN| unakA svarUpa samajhe binA hamArA uddhAra nahIM ho sakatA / AcAryoM ne upayoga ke tIna bheda batAye haiN| zuddhopayoga, zubhopayoga aura azubhopayoga / zuddhopayoga prApta kara sakeM aisA kSetra - kAla to hama puNyahIna jIvoM ko milA hI nahIM haiN| azubhopayoga avirodha rUpa se sasAra kA hI kAraNa hai / zubhopayoga hamAre utthAna meM sahAyaka ho sakatA hai paraMtu use bhI sarvathA heya mAnane kI bAteM Ajakala sunane ko milatI haiN| / vicAraNIya hai ki AcArya umAsvAmI bhagavaMta ne jaba chaThaveM adhyAya meM tIsare tattva Asrava kI sampUrNa vivecanA kara dI taba Asrava tattva samajhAne ke lie unheM eka aura adhyAya likhanA Avazyaka kyoM lagA / tattvArthasUtra grantha kI TIkAoM kA adhyayana karane se yaha spaSTa ho jAtA hai ki sAtaveM adhyAya meN| zubhAmrava kI vivecanA karate hue samyakcAritra kI bAta prAraMbha kI gaI hai| yadyapi zubhAsrava bhI baMdha kA hI kAraNa hai paraMtu azubha Amrava se bacane ke liye mokSamArga meM isakI upayogitA AcAryoM ne svIkAra kI hai| sasAra bar3hAne meM kAraNa par3ane vAle azubhopayoga se bacane kA ekamAtra kAraNa bhI zubhopayoga hI to hai| usa zubhopayoga ko bhI sarvathA heya mAnakara hama chor3a deMge to zubhopayoga to calatA hI rhegaa| binA upayoga ke to hama sasAra meM eka samaya bhI na rahe haiM aura na raha sakate haiN| sAtaveM adhyAya meM umAsvAmI bhagavata ne samyakcAritra kI carcA prAraMbha karate hue pahale hI sUtra "hiMsAvastethAbrahmaparigrahebhyo viratirvratam" meM yaha spaSTa kara diyA ki pA~ca pApoM kA buddhipUrvaka tyAga karane vAlA hI vratI hai| dUsare sUtra "dezasarvato'NumahatI" ke mAdhyama se vrata ke aNuvrata aura mahAvrata rUpa do bheda bhI batA diye haiN| vratoM kI pAMca-pAMca bhAvanAoM kA vivecana karake unake mAdhyama se vratoM ke nirdoSa pAlana karane kI preraNA de dI aura pApoM se bacane ke liye "duHsameva vA" likhakara yaha cetAvanI bhI de dI ki ye pAMca pApa duHkharUpa hI haiN| adhyAya ke gyArahaveM sUtra "maitrIpramodakAruNyamAdhyasthAni ca satva guNAdhikaklizyamAnA'vinayeSu" meM AcArya mahArAja ne maitrI, pramoda, kAruNya, mAdhyastha rUpa cAra bhAvanAoM kA varNana bhI kara diyA jo paMcama guNasthAnavartI dezavratI zrAvaka kI pahacAna / vratI ke agArI aura anagArI do bheda batAne ke bAda unhoMne tIna guNavrata aura cAra zikSAvrata rUpa sAta zIla vratoM kA svarUpa samajhAyA hai tathA vratoM meM lagane vAle saMbhAvita atIcAroM se sAvadhAna kiyA hai| isa adhyAya meM varNita upadeza se dezavrata kA samyak pAlana ho sakatA hai aura mahAvratoM kI zikSA bhI milatI hai| Page #87 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ / 31 to jIvana kI sArthakatA samAdhimaraNa ke binA nahIM hotI so karuNAvata AcArya ne sAtaveM adhyAya ke aMta meM sallekhanA dhAraNa karane kA upadeza diyA hai aura usake atIcAra batAkara nirdoSa samAdhimaraNa karane kI preraNA ratnatraya ke sAdhaka aura mana Hend tatvArthasUtra grantha ke AThaveM adhyAya meM baMdhatattva kA vivecana karate hue baMdha ke pAMca kAraNa batAye gaye haiM / miSyAdarzana, avirati, pramAda, kaSAya aura yoga / ratnatraya ke mArga meM lagA huA samyamdRSTi jIva cauthe guNasthAna meM mithyAdarzana se to chuTakArA pA cukA hotA hai parantu avirati Adi baMdha ke cAra kAraNa vahA~ upasthita haiN| paMcama guNasthAnavartI dezavratI ke liye bhI baMdha ke cAroM kAraNa haiM, vizeSa itanA hai ki avirati vahA~ apanI samagratA meM nahIM rahatI / sAdhaka ko vahA~ zrAvaka ke vrata yA deza-saMyama kI upalabdhi ho jAtI hai| chaThaveM guNasthAna se mahAvratoM kA sadbhAva avirati cale jAne se hI rahatA hai| sAtaveM guNasthAna meM pramAda bhI nahIM rahatA / shareit to dasaveM guNasthAna taka badha karAte rahate haiN| usake bAda terahaveM guNasthAna taka mAtra yoga hI baMdha kA hetu rahatA hai| vahA~ baMdha eka samaya mAtra kA hai, kaSAya ke abhAva meM yoga se hone vAlA Asava sUkhI dIvAla para par3I reta kI taraha turaMta jhar3a jAtA hai| caudahaveM guNasthAna meM baMdha kA sarvathA abhAva hai| bArahaveM guNasthAna meM ratnatraya pUrNatA ko prApta kara mokSa kI sAkSAt kAraNa bana jAtA hai| AThaveM adhyAya meM AcArya bhagavata ne prakRti, sthiti, anubhAga aura pradeza badha kA vyAkhyAna karate hue ATha karmoM kI eka sau ar3atAlIsa uttara prakRtiyoM kA vivecana kiyA hai aura unakA pApa puNya rUpa vibhAga bhI kiyA hai| kaSAya sahita A jaba taka jIva ko hotA hai taba taka Ane vAle karma pradezoM kA baTavArA pratisamaya Ayu ko chor3akara zeSa sAta karmoM hotA rahatA hai isa dRSTi se yaha vivecana samajhanA upayogI hai| ke prakaraNa meM mujhe yaha bhI kahanA hai ki tattvArthasUtra ke dUsare adhyAya meM jIva ke jo pAca bhAva batAye haiM unameM audayika bhAva hI baMdha meM kAraNa banate haiM / aupazamika, kSAyika, kSAyopazamika aura pAriNAmika bhAva baMdha ke kAraNa nahIM haiM / Agama meM jahA~ bhI samyaktva ko yA saMyamAsaMyama ko badha kA kAraNa kahA hai vahA~ usake kAla meM hone vAle baMdha ko vivakSA se kahA hai / vAstava meM ve badha ke kAraNa nahIM haiN| badha to usa kAla meM hone vAle rAgAdika audayika bhAvoM se hI hotA hai| Ava aura baMdha kI taraha nirjarA bhI jIva ke pratisamaya hotI rahatI hai| paraMtu mokSamArga meM saMvarapUrvaka hone vAlI nirjarA hI kAryakArI hai ata: AcArya bhagavaMta ne navameM adhyAya meM saMvara aura nirjarA donoM tatvoM kA vivecana kara diyA hai| ratnatraya kA sAdhaka jaise-jaise apanI sAdhanA meM Age bar3hatA hai, vaise-vaise karma nirjarA bhI usake adhika hotI hai| tabhI to sattA meM par3e sAgaroM paryanta kI sthiti vAle karmoM ko naSTa kara sAdhaka ratnatraya ke mAdhyama se saMsAra se mukti pA letA hai| mokSa kA saMkSipta sA varNana dasaveM adhyAya meM kiyA gayA hai| atter kA avinAbhAvI aisA bahumUlya ratnatraya mujhe prApta ho isaliye maiM cAhatA hU~ - jine bhaktircine bhaktirjine bhaktiH sadAstu me / bhaktiH te bhaktiH sute bhaktiH sadAstu me 1 mujhe bhaktiro bhaktirguro bhaktiH sadAstu me / kyoMki jinendra bhakti se samyagdarzana, zrutabhakti se samyagjJAna aura guru bhakti se samyakcAritra kI prApti sahaja ha ho jAtI hai aura yahI tIna milakara ratnatraya banate haiM jo mokSa kA hetu hai| Page #88 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ / tatvArthasUla meM ratnanaya kI vivecanA ___ * DaoN. surezacanda jaina _ 'jAtI jAtau yad utkRSTaM tad tad ratnamiha ucyate / ' jo jo padArtha apanI-apanI jAti meM utkRSTa hai unheM rala kahA jAtA hai| samyagdarzana, samyagjJAna aura samyakcAritra Atma guNoM meM sarvotkRSTa haiM ata: unako bhI ratnatraya kahA jAtA hai| jaina paramparA ke sAtha-sAtha anya sabhI bhAratIya paramparAoM ke cintana kA kendrabindu janma-maraNa kI zRMkhalA se chuTakArA pAnA rahA hai / bauddha paramparA kI hInayAna zAkhA ko chor3akara brAhmaNa, bauddha evaM jaina paramparAoM ne AtmA ke astitva ko svIkAra karate hue apane-apane dRSTikoNoM se janma-maraNa kI zRMkhalA se chuTakArA pAne kA upAya DhUMr3hA hai / jaina paramparA prati ananya rUpa se AsthAvAna hai| tIrthakaroM, AcAryoM ne janma-maraNa kI zaMkhalA se chaTane ke upAya ke rUpa meM jo kucha bhI nirdiSTa kiyA hai usakA AdhAra aura kendrabindu ratnatraya hai arthAt 'samyagdarzanajJAnacAritrANi mokSamArga:' umAsvAmI kRta tattvArthasUtra kA yaha prathama sUtra uparyukta bhAva kA nidarzaka sUtra hai| ... tatvArthasUtra (mozazAstra) kA sampUrNa pratipAdya viSaya isa sUtra ke irda-girda hI vivecita hai / jIva-ajIva raNA kA pratiphalana sUtra ke yathArtha bodha aura tadanusAra AcaraNa para nirbhara hai| prANimAtra du:kha se mukti kA abhilASI hai aura tadanurUpa pravRtti bhI pAyI jAtI hai| duHkha se mukti kSaNika aura Atyantika donoM prakAra kI hotI hai| kSaNika duHkhamukti kA AbhAsa to prAya: sabhI sAsArika prANiyoM ko hotA hai, parantu Atyantika duHkhanivRtti taba taka nahIM ho sakatI jaba taka ki sAdhaka sva-svabhAva meM sthita na ho jAya / rava-svabhAva meM bAdhaka tatva hai AvaraNakarma / yadi AvaraNa kA kSaya ho jAya to svabhAva to sat-cit-Ananda rUpa hI hai| yahI Atyantika sakha hai| isa avasthA ke prApta hone para karmopAdhi nahIM laga sktii|| . itanA hI nahIM, vahA~ svAbhAvika sukha pratibandhaka kAraNoM se nirAkRta hone ke kAraNa cirantana rUpa ho jAtA hai| vastuta: sahaja sukha kI abhivyakti kahIM bAhara se nahIM AtI, balki vaha to AtmIka svAbhAvika guNa hai, jo karmAvaraNa se AvRtta hone ke kAraNa vyakta nahIM hotA hai| prakArAntara se sahaja sukhAtma svabhAva unmeSa mAtra hai| yahI mokSa hai| mokSa kI avasthA abhAvAtmaka nahIM, apitu sva-bhAvAtmaka yA AtmalAbha rUpa hai| . ratnatraya isI AtmalAbha rUpa avasthA ko prApta karane kA sAdhana hai| sUtrakAra ne samyagdarzana, jAna, cAritra ko mokSamArga nirUpita kiyA hai| jaise pUrva-pUrva se uttarottara kA unmeSa sambhava hai usI prakAra uttarottara se pUrva-pUrva kA astitva 1. rAjavArtika - 10/2/3/11/1 - mithyAdarzanAdipratyayasoparAyikarmatatAtAvanAdI dhyAnAnalanigdhakarmabIje bhavAirolpAdAbhAvAmoza * 2.dhamAlA 6-1.9.9.216.-......duHkhahetukarmaNAM vinaSTatvAt svAsthyalakSaNasya saMkhasya jIvasya svAbhAvikaraNamta / - * sampAdaka, ala pracAraka, billI, Page #89 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ nizcaya hai| sUtra meM dopadaI sampadavijJAnavArivAmijoramosanAnaH donoM hI sAmAsikapaDA sampamAnizAnavAritrAzi meM vandva samAsa hai| samAsaghaTaka pratyeka pada pradhAna hai| phalata: samyak pada kA sabhI se svatantra sambandha hai| isa prakAra sUtra ke eka aMza kA artha hai -sambagdarzana, sambavAna tathA sambavAriva mokSamArga kA artha spaSTa hai| tInoM kI pUrNatA yugapad bhI ho sakatI hai aura nahIM bhii| arthAt jise samyakpArita hogA use niyama se samyagdarzana aura sAmyavAna hoge hI, parantu jise samyagdarzata hogA use, samyAcAritra ho bhI sakatA hai aura nahIM bhI ho sakatA abhiprAya yaha hai ki tInoM sammilita rUpa meM mokSamArga hai| isa apekSA tInoM eka hai| sUtra meM vizeSaNa kA bahuvacanAnta honA aura vizeSaSa kA ekavacanAnta honA 'vedAH pramANam' kI taraha soddezya aura sArthaka hai| katipaya dArzanikoM kA abhimata hai ki bandha kA kAraNa ajJAna hai aura ajJAnanivRtti se mokSa sAdhya hai, parantu jaina paramparA isase sahamata nhiiN| yadyapi ajJAnanivRtti bhI eka mahattvapUrNa ghaTaka hai aura ajJAnanAza se bandha dara hotA hai| sAkhyadarzana prakRti aura puruSa viSayaka viparyaya jJAna se bandha tathA anyathA khyAti se mokSa mAnatA hai| nyAyadarzana tattvajJAna se mithyAjJAnanivRtti para mokSa svIkAra karatA hai| mithyAjJAna se doSa, doSa se pravRtti, pravRtti se janma aura janma se yuHkha kI satati pravahamAna hotI hai| isI sarvamUla mithyAjJAna kI nivRtti jJAna se hotI hai / vaizeSika kI bhI yaha mAnyatA hai ki icchA aura dveSa se dharmAdharma aura usase sukha-duHkhAtmaka sasAra kI sthiti hai| yahA~ chaH padArthoM kA tattvajJAna hote hI mithyAjJAna nivRtta hotA hai| bauddha bhI avidyA ke naSTa hone para samasta duHkhacakra kI samApti svIkAra karate haiN| jainadarzana ke anusAra mithyAdarzana, avirati, pramAda, kaSAya aura yoga ko bandha kA kAraNa nirUpita kiyA hai| kaivalyaprApti ko mokSa kA kAraNa mAnA gayA hai| isa prakAra jaba sarvatra jJAna ko duHkhanivRtti kA vyaJjaka svIkAra kiyA gayA hai taba kaivalya ko hI mokSa hetu mAnanA sughaTita hotA hai| jJAna ke sAtha darzana aura cAritra kI kyA AvazyakatA ? samakAlotpAdaka darzana, jJAna, cAritra bhinna nahIM hai yaha samAdhAna paryApta nahIM kyoMki samakAlotpAdakatA to do soMgoM meM bhI hai, kyA isalie ve eka ho jAyeMge? tAtparya yaha ki darzana, jJAna, cAritra tIna haiM, eka nahIM / ata: kevalajJAna mAtra ko mokSa kA hetu mAnane meM koI Apatti nahIM / vedAnta bhI kahatA hai 'Rte jJAnAnna muktiH| ___ AcArya umAsvAmI ke uparyukta sUtra kI TIkA karate hue AcArya pUjyapAda ne kahA hai - mArga: ekavacanAnta hai ata: samyagdarzana, samyagjJAna aura samyakcAritra tInoM milakara hI mokSa kA sAkSAt mArga hai| rAjavArtikakAra zrImad bhaTTAkalakadeva ne samAdhAna karate hue kahA hai ki yadyapi jJAna se nivRtti hotI hai, parantu jisa prakAra rasAyana kA zraddhApUrvaka jJAnakara upayoga yA sevana kie jAne para Arogya phala kI prApti hotI hai, usI prakAra zraddhA aura jJAnapUrvaka AcaraNa se hI abhISTa phala kI prApti hotI hai jisa prakAra ajJAnapUrvaka kriyA nirarthaka hai, usI prakAra kriyAhIna jJAna nirarthaka hai aura usake lie donoM hI nirarthaka haiM, jisameM niSThA aura zraddhA nahIM hai| isa prakAra zraddhA, jJAna aura cAritra - ina tInoM kI hI abhISTa phala pradAna karane meM sammilita kAraNatA siddha hotI hai| 1.rAjabArtika 1/1- eSAM pUrvasya lAbhe bhajanIvamuttaram / uttaralAbhe tu niyataH puurvlaabhH| 2. raajvaartik|/1/45/14/1.... yato moSamArgaviyatakalpanA jyAsIti ... 3. mithyAvarzanAvirasiMpramAdakavAyayonA cancahatavaH tatvArthasUtra./. 4. sasiddhi- sambandhI sambaNAna sambakyArikhametat tritayaM mobAsya sAkSAnmAryo vitaNyaH / mahApurANa -24/120-122tyAyabIpikA , !, 5. rAjavArtika- atI rasAyanajJAnabahAnakriyAseknopettasya tatkatenAbhisambandha iti ni:prativanTametat samAna molamArgazAmAdeva mokSaNAmisambandho, vanacAritrAbhAvAt / / /1/9/14/1 Page #90 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ 34/ samyak nipAla zabda hai, jisakA artha hotA hai prshNsaa| kabhI-kabhI mithyA yA asamyak ke virodha meM bhI isakA prayoga hotA hai / ataH samyak vizeSaNa vizeSaNoM meM sambhAvita mithyAtva kI nivRttipUrvaka prazastatA kA abhyarhatA kA botaka bhI hai| 'samyagiSTArthatasvayo:' ke Aloka meM samyak zabda kA artha iSTArtha athavA tatva bhI hai / nipAta zabda anekArthaka hote haiN| ataH prasaMgAnusAra prazasta vA tattvadarzana bhI liyA jA sakatA hai| 'darzana' zabda darzanabhAva yA kriyA paraka to hai hI, darzana sAdhana-paraka tathA darzana karttA paraka bhI hai| arthAt darzana kriyA to darzana hai hI, vaha Atmazakti kA darzana bhI hai, jisa rUpa meM AtmA pariNata hokara darzana kA kAraNa banatI hai| svayaM darzana AtmasvabhAva hone se vaha kartA AtmA se abhinna bhI hai| tAtparya yaha hai ki tatvata: darzana AtmA se mitra nahIM hai phira bhI svabhAva kI upalabdhi ke nimitta jaba AtmA aura darzana meM kiJcid bheda mAnA jAtA hai taba use bhAva aura kAraNa rUpa bhI mAnA jAtA hai| darzana zabda 'dRzi dhAtu' se niSyatra hai / yadyapi bhAvaparaka mAnane para 'dekhanA' 'avalokana karanA' ke hI artha meM ucita pratIta hotA hai, parantu dhAtuyeM anekArthaka hotI hai ataH yahA~ usakA artha zraddhAna hI upayukta hai / isIlie AcArya umAsvAmI ne usakA artha tattvArthazraddhAna hI kiyA hai / yoM to darzana artha zraddhAna hI hai, parantu koI atattvArtha ko bhI zraddhA kA viSaya na banA le, isIlie tattvArtha kA spaSTa prayoga kiyA gayA hai| tatva aura artha do padoM se tattvArtha banA hai satya kA artha hai tat kA dharma / bhAvamAtra jisa dharma yA rUpa ke kAraNa hai, vahI rUpa hai tattva / artha kA artha hai jJeya / isa prakAra tatvArtha kA artha hai - jo padArtha jisa rUpa meM hai, usakA usI rUpa se grahaNa / niSpatti: tattva rUpa se prasiddha arthoM kA zraddhAna ho tatva zraddhAna hai| yaha samyagdarzana sarAga bhI hotA hai aura vItarAga bhii| pahalA sAdhana hai to dUsarA sAdhya / prazama, saMvega, anukampA bhIra Astikya se abhivyaJjita sarAga samyagdarzana hai| rAgAdi kI tIvratA kA na honA prazama, saMsAra se bhItarUpa pariNAma honA saMvega / sabhI prANiyoM meM dayAbhAva anukampA aura jIvAdi padArtha sat svarUpa hai, loka anAdinidhana hai / nimittanaimittika bhAva hote hue bhI apane pariNAmAnusAra sabakA pariNamana svayaM hotA hai, Agama evaM sadguru ke upadezAnusAra prAJjala buddhi honA Astikya bhAva hai| Astikya bhAva sva-saMvedya hone para bhI abhivyaJjaka hai| yadyapi samyaktva atyanta sUkSmabhAva hai aura vacanagamya nahIM hai phira bhI usakI abhivyaktiya ina guNoM se hotI hai| prazamAdi guNa pratyakSabhAsita hote haiN| vItarAga samyagdarzana Atmavizuddhi rUpa hai| ubhayavidha samyagdarzana kA antaraMga kAraNa eka hai mohanIyakarma kI sapta prakRtiyoM kA upazama, kSaya, kSayopazama / dezanAlabdhi va kAlalabdhi Adi bAhya kAraNa haiM tathA bhAvAtmaka hone se karaNa labdhi aura zubha lezyA Adi antaraMga kAraNa haiN| ubhayavidha samyagdarzana svabhAvataH (nisargaja) tathA paropadezavaza (adhigamaja) hote haiN| antaraMga kAraNa to samAna haiM- (mohanIyakarma sAta (anantAnubandhI krodha-mAna- mAyA-lobha- mithyAtva samyagmithyAtva - samyaktva) prakRtiyoM kA upazama-kSaya-kSayopazama) / samyaktva pragaTa hone meM dravya-kSetra kAla bhAva nimitta hote haiN| jinabimba-dravya, samavasaraNa - kSetra arddhapudgalaparAvartana - kAla adhaHpravRttakaraNAdi bhAva haiN| jAtismaraNa se bhI nisargaja samyagdarzana kI prApti hotI hai| tatvAryasUtra meM adhigamaja samyagdarzana ke do nimitta nirdezita kie haiM pramANa aura ny| kSAyika, aupazamika, kSAyopazamika bheva se zrI samyagdarzana kA nirUpaNa hai| jIva ke bhAvoM kA nidarzana karate samaya isakA ullekha kiyA gayA hai| 1. sUtra tatvArthazraddhAnaM samyagdarzanam 11/2 hU~ Yo Page #91 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ tasmAtA-ni-135 nizcaya-vyavahAra sampradarzana - tattvArthasUtra meM tattvAvadhAna ko samyagdarzana kahA hai, lekina bhAcArya samantabhadra bilApoDamAI sambagdasaMvamasmayam // 4 // sat deva, zAstra, guru kA ATha aMga sahita, tIna mUDhatA aura ATha mada rahita zraddhAna ko samyagdarzana kahA hai| paravartI AcArya bhI isI saraNi kA anugamana karate haiN| yaha vyavahAra sampagdarzana hai| nizcaya samyagdarzana AtmarUci rUpa hai athavA jJeya aura jJAtA ina donoM kI yathArUpa pratIti samyagdarzana hai - 'jaivasAtatattvatAtIti-samavena smygdrshnpvinn'| deva-zAstra-guru kA zraddhAna rUpa vyavahAra samyagdarzana aura Atmaruci rUpa samyagdarzana vastutaH tatvArtha kA hI zraddhAna hai| parama vItarAgI bharahaMta tad prarUpita zAstra tadanusAra caryA meM nimagna guru samyaktva meM nimitta haiM to tasvaruci upAdAna rUpa meM rahatA hai| samyavAna - ratnatraya kA dvitIya sopAna hai samyagjJAna vaha pramANa rUpa hai / samyagjJAna pramANam / tasvArthasUtra meM pramANa rUpa isa jJAna ko mati-zruta-avadhi-manaHparyaya-kebala ke bheda se vibhAjita kiyA gayA hai / matyAvaraNakarma ke kSayopazama hone para indriya aura mana kI sahAyatA se arthoM kA manana matijJAna hai| zrutAvaraNa karma ke kSayopazama se vizeSa jAnanA zrutajJAna hai| ina donoM ko parokSajJAna mAnA hai| parokSa isalie ki ina zAnoM zasvabhAvI AtmA ko svetara indriya tathA mana kI apekSA hotI hai| parAdhIna hone ke kAraNa parokSa hai| avadhi, mana:paryaya. kevalajJAna ye tInoM pratyakSa haiN| pratyakSa ke bhI do bheda haiM - dezapratyakSa tathA sarvapratyakSA dezapratyakSa ke bhI do bheda haiM - avadhi aura mana:paryaya / sarvapratyakSa eka hI haikevalajJAna / vyavahita kA pratyakSa avadhinAna, dUsaroM ke manogata kA jJAna mana:paryaya tathA sarvAvaraNa kA kSaya hone para kevalajJAna hotA hai| anantadharmAtmaka vastu kA pUrNa svarUpa pramANa se arthAt samyagjJAna se AtA hai aura usake eka-eka dharma kA jJAna karAne vAle jJAnAMza ko naya kahate haiN| vaha naya dravyArthika aura paryAyArthika ke bheda se do aura phira aneka prakAra kA hai| vastutaH pratyeka vastu meM ananta dharma hote haiM - 'anntdhrmaatmkvstu'| una saba dharmoM se saMyukta akhaNDa vastu ko grahaNa karane vAlA mAna pramANa aura eka-dharma ko jAnane vAlA jJAna naya / yaha zAna prApti hI yogIjana ke tapa kA dhyeya hotA hai| zAnapUrvaka bhAcaraNa se karmabandha kA abhAva hotA hai| niSkarSata: pramANa tathA nayoM dvArA jIvAditatvoM kA samaya viparyaya tathA anadhyavasAya rahita yathArthabodha samyagjAna hai| sammAcAritra - darzana aura jAna ke samAna hI cAritra bhI bhAva karaNa tathA karmavyutpattika zabda hai| caryata iti pAriNam ke anusAra sAmAnyata: karmavyutpasika samajhA jAtA hai arthAt jo caryamANa ho vahI cAritra hai| AcaraNa hI cAritra hai| saMsaraNa kA mUlakAraNa hai - rAga-deSa / isakI nivRti kA sAdhana hai - kRtasaMkalpI vivekI puruSa dvArA kAyika, vAdhika bAhya kriyAoM se aura mAbhyantara mAnasika vApAra ke virakta hokara svarUpa sthiti ko prApta karanA cAhie samyakcAritra tattvAryasUla kA mAdi sUtra jahA~ mokamArtha kA pratipAdana karatA hai vahIM antima adhyAya kA prathama sUtra - 'mohavAsAnadAranAvarANAyAmanan' vA banAilamApani samyAnakarmavinoyo Page #92 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ 'mo-siddha avasthA kI sthiti kA nidarzana karatA hai / madhyavartI adhyAyoM meM jIva-ajIva ke sammilana se Asavabandha-saMvara-nirjarA tattvoM kA suthaTita vivecana huA hai| siddhAvasthA prApta karane ke lie sAdhaka ko kisa prakAra AcaraNa karanA cAhie usakI jIvana caryA kaisI ho Adi kA vivecana bhI tattvArthasUtra kA pratipAdya hai| ___ sAdhaka nirantara bar3hane kA prayAsa karatA hai isI krama meM usake bhAvoM meM nirantara zuddhi hotI hai| mokSamArga meM isI nirantara vizuddhi ko guNasthAnoM ke mAdhyama se samajhA jA sakatA hai - ye 14 sopAna haiM - mithyAtva, sAsAdana, mizra, aviratasamyagdRSTi (saMzayAtmaka sthiti ke vinaSTa hone para samyak zraddhA kA udaya), dezavirati, pramattavirati, apramattavirati, apUrvakaraNa, anivRttikaraNa, sUkSmasAmparAya, upazAntamoha, kSINamoha (mohanIya karma kSaya se utpanna dazA), sayogakevali (sAdhaka kA anantajJAna tathA ananta sukha se dedIpyamAna ho jAnA), ayogakevali (antimdshaa)| anantajJAna, anantadarzana, anantavIrya aura anantasukha se paripUrNa AtmA sva-svarUpa meM sthita ho jAtI hai| yahI cAritra kI antima pariNati hai| tattvata: cAritra AtmA kA svarUpa hI hai, ata: usakI abhivyakti aura paripUrNatA samyagdarzana aura samyagjJAnapUrvaka hotI isI cAritragata svabhAva kI abhivyakti ke lie aNuvrata aura mahAvratoM kA ullekha hai - ahiMsA, satya, asteya, brahmacarya aura aparigraha | rAgadveSa ke kAraNa - hiMsAdika paoNca pApa hote haiN| hiMsAdika kArya pramAdapariNati mUla haiN| isIlie tatsvArthasUtra meM pramattayogAtyANavyaparopaNaM hisA' ke rUpa me hisAdika pApa paribhASita hai| ina pAMca pApoM se virati sAdhya hai| yaha do prakAra kA hai - marvadazavirati tathA ekadezavirati / yAvajjIvana ke lie paMca pApoM kA sarvathA tyAga sakalacAritra aura unakA ekadeza tyAga dezacAritra hai| sarvadaza kA tyAgI muni hotA hai to ekadeza kA tyAmI zrAvaka yA gahastha zrAvakoM ke bArahavrata paca aNuvrata, tIna guNavrata tathA cAra zikSAvrata / ekadezavirati se sarvadazavirati kI ora unmukha huA jAtA hai| kramaza: sAdhaka zrAvaka mAdhyasthabhAva se sampanna ho uThatA hai| paMca mahAvrata pAMca mahApApoM ke nirodha rUpa hai| vastuta: gaNanA meM pAMca pApa ginAye gaye haiM, parantu ye pAcoM hiMsA rUpa hI hai| eka prakAra se hiMsA, jhUTha,corI, kuzIla aura parigraha eka duzcakra hai - hiMsA kI pariNati parigraha meM aura parigraha kI pariNati hiMsA meM hotI hai| jaina paramparA meM parigraha ko duHkha kA mUla mAnA gayA hai aura isIlie nirgrantha caryA kI pratiSThA kA kAraNa bhI aparigrahI honA hai| tyAga kI pratiSThA bhI isI aparigrahIvRtti ke kAraNa hotI hai| hiMsA-ahiMsA kI jitanI sUkSma vyAkhyA jaina paramparA meM hai anyatra nahI / ahisA kA siramaura honA usakI vidhAyakatA hai| hiMsA kA niSedha mAtra AcaraNa meM hI nahIM balki vaicArika dharAtala para bhI honI caahie| ahiMsA anekAnta darzana kA paricAyaka hai| samagradRSTi se jainadharma-darzana AcAra aura vicAra me ahiMsA kI pratiSThA karatA hai| / hiMsA kI nivRtti- rAgadveSa kI nivRtti hai| vItarAgI caryA apramatta hone se ahiMsaka hai| jo rAgadveSa para vijaya prApta kara letA hai vastutaH vahI jina hai| AtmapariNAma ko na saMbhAla pAnA bhI hiMsA hai| AcArya amRtacandra kA kazyama dRSTavya hai mAtmapariNAmasinahetutvAmIsitat / amRtavacanAdikevalamudAya zivabodhAva / / pu. li. . . .mAtmA ke zuddhopayoga rUpa pariNAmoM ke ghAta karane ke kAraNa asatyavacanAdi sabhI hisAtmaka haiN| asatyAdi kA naspabuddhivAloM ko samajhAne ke lie haiN| AcArya amatacandra kA nimna kana mI mananIya hai Thi"PTER Page #93 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ kamAvayogAtprANAnAM dravyamAyakrapANAm / paropakaraNaM sunizcitA bhavati sA hiMsA | aprAdurbhAvaH vasu rAgAdInAM bhavatyahiMseti sevAmeotpatihiMseti jinAgamasya saMkSepaH // 7237 - jinAgama kA saMkSepataH sAra yahI hai ki rAgAdi bhAvoM kA pragaTa honA hI hiMsA hai unakA ucchinna ho jAnA ahiMsA | kaSAya (rAgAdivaza) sva-para ke bhAva aura dravya prANa kA ghAta karanA hiMsA hai| isa hiMsA ke cAra rUpa haiM 1. svabhAvahiMsA, 2. parabhAvahiMsA, 3. svadravyahiMsA, 4. paradravyahiMsA / ApAtataH rAgadveSa hI hiMsA kA mUla hetu hai| sAdhaka donoM para bala detA hai| bhItara anAsakti ho to bAhya parigraha aparigraha hai| isakA tAtparya yaha nahIM ki parigraha bhAvoM ko prabhAvita nahIM karatA / chadyastha / gRhastha parigraha se prabhAvita hotA huA dekhA jAtA hai| aparipakva buddhi anAsakti kA abhinaya karatA hai paripakva buddha anAsakta bhAva se sva-bhAva kI rakSA karane meM sannaddha rahatA hai| isalie sAdhaka ko antarbAhya donoM dRSTi se sAdhanA karanI par3atI hai| ataH sAdhaka ke lie pahalI zarta hai samyagdRSTi bananA / dezacaritra ko dhAraNa karate hI vaha pacamaguNasthAnavartI ho jAtA hai| sakalacAritra dhAraNa karate hI chaThe guNasthAna para pahu~ca jAtA hai| ina tInoM prathama pacama-SaSTha guNasthAna bAlA jIva pariNAmoM kI vizuddhi se cyuta hone para dUsare tIsare guNasthAna ko prApta hote haiM aura pariNAmoM kI vizuddhi tathA cAritra kI vRddhi hone para sAtaveM se lekara Upara ke guNasthAno kI ora bar3hA jAtA hai| prathama, cauthe, pAMcave aura terahaveM guNasthAna kA kAla adhika hai, zeSa kA kAla kama hai| isa sampUrNa sAdhanA ko ahiMsA kI sAdhanA kA nAma diyA jA sakatA hai| AcAraNa meM ahiMsA ke do rUpa haiM - sayama aura tapa / saMyama se karmapudgaloM kA savaraNa tathA tapa se sacita karmo kI nirjarA yA kSaya hotA hai| isa prakAra AtmA nirAvaraNa hokara AtmasvarUpa me pratiSThita ho jAtI hai| niSkarSa rUpa meM ratnatraya kI ArAdhanA kA tAtparya yaha hai ki sarvaprathama jIvAjIvAdi sapta tattvoM meM zraddhA kare / yaha zraddhA naisargika ho sakatI hai athavA adhigamaja - para jaise bhI ho zraddhAvAn bane / tatpazcAt zraddhAgocara tattvoM kA abhyAsa kare tadanantara yathAzakti zrAvakocita yA munivrata dhAraNa karanA caahie| yaha nizcita hai ki binA cAritra dhAraNa kie siddhatva prApta nahIM kiyA jA sakatA / anAsakti ko dRr3ha karane ke lie tattvAbhyAsa yA samyagjJAna apekSita hai| jJAna kA phala hI hai - heya-upAdeyabuddhi kA jAgRta honA, isase anAsakti paripuSTa hotI hai| isa prakAra sAdhaka jitanA viSayoM se parAGmukha hogA utanA hI Atmonmukha hogaa| jaise-jaise Atmacintana meM vRddhi hotI hai vaise-vaise AtmAnubhUti hone lagatI hai aura saMsAra kI sthiti use nIrasa lagane lagatI hai| jaise hI Atmazakti meM vRddhi hone lagatI hai, jIvana zAnti kI ora bar3hane lagatA hai, isa dhyAna aura samAdhi meM jo sukha prApta hotA hai vaha vacanAtIta hai, anirvacanIya hai / bAtmA se paramAtmA banane kA yahI krama hai| isa prakAra ratnatraya asiddha dazA meM mArga rUpa hai, sAdhana rUpa hai, AtmA kI hI pariNati rUpa hai| siddhadazA meM AtmA kI pariNati zakti rUpa hai| tattvArthasUtra siddha banane kA niyAmaka rUpa grantha hai jisakI vistRta vyAkhyAyeM paravartI AcAryo ne kI hai| sarvArthasiddhi tatvArtharAjavArtika, tatvArthazlokavArtikAlaMkAra jaise mahanIya granthoM kA praNayana tattvArthasUtra AdhAra para hI huA hai|" Page #94 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ 38/sasvArthamA nikara - samyagdarzana kA svarUpa evaM sAdhana * paM. mUlacanda luhADiyA tattvArthasUtra jainadarzana va sAhitya kA prathama saMskRta sUtra grantha hai / sUtra grantha hone se viSaya prarUpaNA meM vistAra ke abhAva meM hameM granthakartA ke abhiprAya ko ThIka se samajha pAne ke lie paravartI TIkAgranthoM para hI nirbhara honA pdd'egaa| TIkAkAra akalaMkadeva ke anusAra saMsAra-sAgara meM nimagna aneka prANiyoM ke uddhAra karane kI puNya bhAvanA se prerita hokara tathA yaha vicAra karake ki mokSamArga ke upadeza ke binA jIva apanA hita nahIM kara sakate haiM, mokSamArga kI vyAkhyA karane ke icchuka AcArya umAsvAmI ne isa sUtragrantha kI racanA kI / AcArya umAsvAmI mahArAja ne grantha ke prathama prathama sUtra 'samyagdarzanazAna-cAritrANi mokSamArgaH' dvArA mokSamArga kA atyanta yuktiyukta eva nirdoSa lakSaNa prarUpita kiyA hai| sUtra kA artha hai samyagdarzana, samyagjJAna evaM samyakcAritra kA sumela rUpa ralatraya hI mokSamArga hai| vibhinna dArzanikoM dvArA mokSa ke upAya kA alaga-alaga rUpa meM prarUpaNa milatA hai| koI kevala bhakti se, koI jJAna se aura koI kriyA se mokSa honA mAnate haiN| vAstava meM samyagdarzana, samyagjJAna aura samyakcAritra tInoM kI samagratA hI mokSa kA upAya hai| samyagdarzana, jJAna aura cAritra isa krama kA kAraNa yaha hai ki inameM pUrva kI prApti hone para hI uttara kI prApti bhajanIya rahatI hai| arthAta samyagdarzana prApta hone para samyagjJAna bhajanIya rahatA hai aura samyagjJAna kI prApti ho jAne para samyakcAritra bhajanIya rahatA hai| uparyukta mokSa ke kAraNa rUpa ratnatraya meM prathama samyagdarzana hai| samyagdarzana kA lakSaNa Age ke sUtra meM AcAryadava ne kahA hai - 'tattvArthazraddhAnaM samyagdarzanam' tasvArtha ke zraddhAna ko samyagdarzana kahate haiN| tattvArtha meM do zabda haiN| tasva aura artha | artha padArtha athavA dravya ko kahate haiN| usa padArtha kA bhAva tatva kahA jAtA hai| astu padArtha ke samIcInasavarUpa kA pradhAna samyagdarzana hai| samyagdarzana kI yaha paribhASA tarkasaMgata aura nirdoSa hai| yaha samyagdarzana hone para upalavajJAna svata: samyagjJAna ho jAtA hai| isI prakAra samyagdRSTi ke jIvana meM anantAnubandhI kaSAya ke abhAva meM sAmAnya zAritrika sudhAra bhI ho jAtA hai| samyagdarzana kA sakArAtmaka prabhAva jJAna aura cAritra para par3atA hai| aise AtmA meM samyagdarzana kI utpati ke sAtha hI eka dRSTi se ratnatraya kI utpatti ho jAtI hai aura mokSamArga para gamana prArambha ho jAtA hai| jJAta ke saMkhyAtmaka vikAsa meM to jJAnAvaraNa karma kA kSayopazama kAraNa hotA hai kinta jJAna kI gaNAtmakatA meM arthAta usake samIcIna hone kA mithyA hone meM samyagdarzana ke sadbhAva athavA abhAva kI hI eka mAtra bhUmikA rahatI hai| jo jJAna mithyAtva ke sadbhAva meM mithyA jJAna banA huA thA vahI jJAna samyagdarzana prakaTa hote hI samyagjJAna bana jAtA hai| jJAna meM yaha mahatvapUrNa guNAtmaka parivartana samyagdarzana ke kAraNa ho jAtA hai| tattvoM ke svarUpa kI viparItatA ke kAraNa jJAna meM usa sattva ke sambandha meM svarUpa viparyAsa, kAraNa viparyAsa evaM bhedAbheda viparyAsa banA rahatA hai / ukta prakAra ke viparyAsa kA tasva zraddhAna ke samIcIna hone para abhAva ho jAtA hai aura tattva ke svarUpa kAraNa aura bhedAbheda ke sambandha meM samIcIna jJAna ho jAtA hai| hama gaharAI se vicAra kareM to pAyege ki jIvana kA vikAsa aura vinAza samIcIna tattvaddhAna ke hone aura usake na *buhAdiyA sabana, jayapura roDa, kizanagar3ha (ajamera) 1643-242038 Page #95 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ hone para nirbhara karatA hai| jJAna aura cAritra vAstava meM zraddhAna ke anugAmI hote haiN| zraddhAna samIcIna hone para jJAna to usI kSaNa samyagjJAna ho jAtA hai, kintu cAritra jo pahale mithyA cAritra thA aba mivyAdhAritra to nahIM rahatA aura samyAri bhI nahIM ho jAtA apitu vaha acAritra kI dazA ko prApta ho jAtA hai| samyagdarzana ke abhAva meM apanI AtmA ke svabhAva kA zraddhAna nahIM rahane ke kAraNa aura zarIra meM hI Atmapa kA zraddhAna hone ke kAraNa zarIra aura indriyoM meM va indriya bhogoM meM pUrNa Asakti rahatI hai aura usake Age zarIra aura indriyoM ko priya lagane vAle padArthoM meM rAma aura apriya padArthoM meM dveSa buddhi utpanna hone lagatI hai, kintu AtmA ke vAstavika cetanAtmaka svarUpa kI zraddhA ho jAne para zarIra aura indriya bhogo meM vaisI Asakti nahIM rahatI, jaisI pahale thI apitu anAsakti honA prArambha ho jAtA hai| samIcIna zraddhA aba AcaraNa ko samIcIna banAne kI ora prayAsarata hone lagatI hai| anAdikAlIna mithyAcAritra ke dRr3ha saMskAroM ke kAraNa zIghra samyakcAritra kI prApti honA kabhI-kabhI kaThina ho jAtA hai aura usameM kucha samaya laganA saMbhava ho sakatA hai| mithyA zraddhAna kI dazA meM indriya-bhogoM ko bhogane aura rAmadveSa rUpa kaSAya bhAvoM ko apanAne meM apanA hita samajhate hue Ananda mAnatA thA aura AtmA ke hita ke kAraNa vairAgya, jJAna eva tapa kI sAdhanA meM kaSTa kA anubhava karatA thA, kintu aba vastu tattva ke samIcIna svarUpa kI zraddhA prApta hone para dRSTi badala jAtI hai| aba dRSTi mokSa kI ora ho jAtI hai| duHkhanivRtti rUpa mokSa prApta karanA jIvana kA uddezya bana jAtA hai| mokSa rUpa kArya ke prati jitane bhI dArzanika hai ve lagabhaga ekamata haiN| duHkha kI nivRtti ko sabhI mokSa mAnate hai, parantu kAraNa ke prati sabhI ekamata nahIM hai| mArga ke prati vivAda hai| naiyAyika samyagdarzana, samyakvAritra rahita jJAna se mokSa mAnate haiN| yogadarzana jJAna va vairAgya se mokSa honA mAnatA hai| padArthoM ke avabodha ko jJAna kahate haiN| viSaya-sukha kI abhilASAoM ke tyAga ko vairAgya kahate haiN| mImAsaka kriyA se mokSa mAnatA hai| sarva karmoM ke nAza rUpa sAmAnya mokSa me vivAda nahIM hai| yadyapi mokSa ke svarUpa sambandha meM bhI sabhI pUrNataH ekamata nahI hai| bauddha mokSa ko AtmA ke abhAva ke rUpa me mAnate haiM / sAMkhya prakRti aura puruSa kA bheda vijJAna hone para caitanya svarUpa avasthA kA nAma mokSa mAnatA hai / jJeyAkAra se viparIta caitanya ke svarUpa ko mokSa mAnatA hai| vaizeSika AtmA ke buddhi sukha, duHkha, icchA, dveSa, prayatna, dharma, adharma, saMskAra Adi guNoM ke atyanta uccheda ko mokSa kahate haiN| tathApi karmabandhana yA duHkhamukti ke sAmAnya lakSaNa meM kisI kA vivAda nahI hai| sasAra rUpI ghaTIyatra kI nivRtti hI mokSa hai| samyagdarzana, jJAna, cAritra rUpa agni se jale hue karmodaya kA abhAva ho jAne para caturgati kA cakra ruka jAtA hai| AzvAsana ke lie pahale mokSa ke kAraNoM ko kahA hai| anAdikAla se badhA huA manuSya mokSa ke kAraNa jAnakara Azvasta ho jAtA hai| kArAgRha meM par3A huA vyakti usase chUTane kA upAya jAnakara AzvAsana ko prApta hotA hai| vaha AzAnvita ho badhana mukti kA prayAsa karatA hai| mithyAvAdiyoM ke dvArA praNIta jJAna mAtra se yA darzana yA cAritra mAtra se yA jJAna, cAritra ina do se mokSamArga kA niSedha karane ke lie prathama mokSamArga kA kathana kiyA gayA hai| vastuta: samyagdarzana, samyagjJAna aura samyakcAritra ina tInoM kA sumela rUpa ratnatraya mokSa kA mArga hai| TIkAkAra AcArya akalaMkadeva ke anusAra yahA~ koI ziSya evaM AcArya kA sambandha vivakSita nahIM hai kintu saMsAra sAgara meM nimagna aneka prANiyoM ke uddhAra karane kI puNya bhAvanA se prerita hokara tathA mokSamArga ke upadeza binA hitopadeza duSprApya hai aisA vicAra kara karake mokSamArga kI vyAkhyA karane ke icchuka AcArya umAsvAmI ne isa sUtra kI racanA kI hai / samyagdarzana kI utpatti meM antaraMga kAraNa sAta prakRtiyoM kA kSaya, upavAsa yA kSayopazama hotA hai| isakI pUrNatA kahIM nisarga se hotI hai, kahIM adhigama arthAt parokSa se / isa prakAra samyagdarzana ke do bheda ho jAte haiN| jIvAdi padArthoM kA Page #96 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ yAdhAtmya jJAna honA samyanjAna hai| saMsAra ke kAraNabhUta rAga-dveSAdi kI nivRtti ke lie kRta-saMkalpa vivekI puruSa kI bAha evaM AbhyantarakriyAoM kA ruka jAnA hI samyakcAritra hai| jAna, darzana karaNa sAdhana haiN| cAritra zabda karma sAdhana hai| jisa zakti vizeSa se AtmA jIvAdi padArthoM ko jAnatA hai usa zakti vizeSa ko jJAna kahate haiN| jisa zakti vizeSa ke sannidhAna se AtmA jIvAdi padArthoM ko dekhatA hai yA zraddhAna karatA hai usako darzana kahate haiM / AcaraNa ko cAritra kahate haiM / jJAna va jIva AtmA meM kathaMcit bhinnatA tathA kathaMcit amitratA hai| avibhakta kartRka, karaNa uSNatA kI agni se aura jJAna kI AtmA se pRthak sattA nahIM hai| samyagdarzanazAnacAritrANi mokSamArgaH isameM mokSamArga ke prati paraspara apekSA kI pradhAnatA hone se itaretarayoga dvandvasamAsa hai| isa sUtra meM mokSamArga ke prati ina tInoM kI pradhAnatA hai kisI eka kI nhiiN| ata: dvandvasamAsa kA prayoga kiyA gayA hai| tInoM kI pradhAnatA hone se bahuvacanAnta kA prayoga kiyA gayA hai| kyoMki paraspara sApekSa samyagdarzanAdi tInoM kI sahitatA hI mokSa ke prati pradhAna hai, eka yA do kI nhiiN| prazaMsA sUcaka bacana samyak zabda kA anvaya, darzanAdi tInoM ke sAtha hotA hai| samAnAdhikaraNa hone para bhI bahuvacana mokSamArga: meM nahIM hai| mithyAjJAna se bandha hotA hai| ataH samyagjJAna se mokSa hotA hai| sAMkhya kahatA hai ki jaba satoguNa kI vRddhi hotI hai to mokSa hotA hai aura viparyaya se bandha hotA hai, aisA sAkhya kA mata hai| rasAyana ke samAna samyagdarzanAdi tInoM meM avinAbhAvasambandha hai| tInoM ke samagratA ke binA mokSa nahIM ho sakatA hai| sarAga samyagdarzana sAdhana hai, vItarAga samyagdarzana sAdhana va sAdhya donoM hai| prastuta sUtra grantha kA mukhya nAma tattvArthasUtra hai| isa nAma kA ullekha karane vAle TIkAkAra haiM / yathA - iti tatvAcI sarvArSasidisaMjikAyo ... dakSAdhyAye paricchinne tatvArSe paThite sati ........ / jainadarzana meM batAyA hai 'sambanpAnijJAnapArivANi mokSamArgaH' arthAt samyagdarzana, samyagjJAna evaM samyakcAritra kI ekatA hI mokSamArga hai| kevala tatva yA kevala artha padaM na rakhakara tattvArtha pada kyoM rakhA hai ? tattvArtha zabda do zabdoM se banA hai| artha kA artha dravya yA vastU hai| usa dravya kA bhAva tattvArtha kahA jAtA hai| apane-apane svarUpa ke anusAra padArthoM kA jo zraddhAna hotA hai vaha samyagdarzana hai| tatva sAta hote haiM - jIba, ajIva, Amrava, bandha, savara, nirjarA aura mokSa / saMsAra meM jIva kI avasthA anAdi se azada banI huI hai| usI ke kAraNa jIva duHkhI hai| duHkha ke kAraNa Asava aura bandha hai| zuddhadazA arthAt mokSa prApti ke kAraNa saMvara-nirjarA hai| ve azuddha dazA rUpa rAgAdika jJAnamaya tathA svAbhAvika hone se jIvAdika ke pUrNa parijhAna meM bAdhaka hai| samyAdRSTi jIva viveka ke kAraNa unheM karmodayajanya roga ke samAna samajhatA hai aura unakoM dUra karane kI barAbara icchA rakhatA hai evaM beSTa karatA hai| isI se jinazAsana meM una rAmAdika ke niSedha para prArambha meM utanA jora nahIM diyA jitanA ki mithyAdarzana ke udaya meM hone vAle rAmAdika para diyA hai| sarAgacAritra ke dhAraka zrAkkoM evaM muniyoM meM aise hI rAyakA sadabhAva vivakSita hai| isa vivecana se spaSTa hai ki na to eka mAtra vItarAgatA ho jainadharma hai aurana jainazAsana meM rAga kA sarvathA niSedha hI nirdiSTa hai| samyagdarzana sAmAnyatayA eka hokara bhI vizeSatayA bheda vAlA hotA hai| samyagdarzana sarAgavItarAga ke bheda se do prakAra kA hotA hai| samyagdarzana ke upazama Adi tIna bheda bhI hote haiN| darzanamohanIya karma kI tIna prakRti mithyAtva, sampammithyAtva aura samyakprakRti tathA cAritramohanIya kI cAra prakRti anantAnabandhI krokha, mAna, mAyA, lobha ina saba Page #97 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ ko milAkara sAtakRtiyoM ke upazama se utpanna hone vAle sambagdarzana ko aupazAmika samyagdarzana kahate haiM jaise kA mAdi davya ke sambandha se jala meM kIcar3a upazama ho jAtA hai, usI prakAra AtmA meM karma kI nija zakti kA kAraNavaza prakaTa na honA upazama hai / sambAvRSTi ke darzanamohanIya kA antarakaraNa upazama hotA hai aura anantAnubandhI catuka kA anuvaka rUpa upazama hotA hai| apudgala parAvartana kAla zeSa rahane para samyagdarzana utpanna hone kI yogyatA prApta hotI hai| ukta sAtoM prakRtiyoM ke sarvathA kSaya se utpanna samyagdarzana kSAyika samyagdarzana kahA jAtA hai| ukta prakRtiyoM meM se prakRtiyA~ samyagdarzana kI sarvaghAtI prakRtiyoM ke udayAbhAvIkSaya tathA savavasthA rUpa upazama aura zeSa dezaghAtI samyakprakRti ke udaya se utpanna samyagdarzana kSAyopazamika samyagdarzana hotA hai| samyakprakRti ke udaya ke kAraNa isa samyagdarzana meM cala, mala, agADha Adi doSa lagate haiN| yaha samyagdarzana aupazamika aura kSAyika jaisA nirmala nahIM hotA hai| anAdi mithyAdRSTi ko sarva prathama aupazamika samyagdarzana hotA hai / aupazamika samyagdarzana kI utkRSTa sthiti eka antarmuhUrta mAtra hotI hai| kSAyika samyagdarzana kI sthiti anantakAla hotI hai| kSAyopazamika samyagdarzana kI utkRSTa sthiti 66 sAgara evaM jaghanya sthiti antarmuhUrta hotI hai / AtmAnuzAsanakAra ne samyagdarzana ke 10 bheda bhI kahe haiN| vedaka yA kSayopazama samyagdarzana sarAga avasthA meM hI hotA hai, kintu zeSa do samyagdarzana sarAga va vItarAga donoM avasthAoM meM hote haiN| cAritramohanIya ke kSaya se hone vAlI vItarAgatA kSAyika samyagdarzana ke hI sadabhAva meM hotI sarAga samyagdarzana prazama, savega, anukampA eva Astikya lakSaNa vAlA hotA hai / Atmavizuddhi rUpa vItarAga samyagdarzana hotA hai| sarAga samyagdarzana vyavahAra samyagdarzana va bheda samyagdarzana ekArthaka haiN| isI prakAra vItarAga samyagdarzana aura nizcayasamyagdarzana bhI ekArthavAcI haiN| Agama meM samyagdarzana kI utpatti meM kAraNabhUta pAMca labdhiyoM meM ekadezanAlabdhi kahI gaI hai / AcArya ke dvArA die gae tattvoM kA upadeza grahaNa dezanAlabdhi hai| jisa jIva ko jIvAdi padArtha viSayaka upadeza vartamAna paryAya yA pUrvaparyAya meM nahIM milA hai use samyagdarzana kI prApti nahIM hotI hai, kintu jisa jIva ko aise upadeza kA nimitta mila gayA usako tatkAla yA kAlAntara meM cintana ke kSaNoM meM samyagdarzana prApta ho sakatA hai| jo samyagdarzana tatkAla upadeza ke nimitta se hotA hai usako adhigamaja evaM jo kAlAntara meM ho usako nisargaja samyagdarzana kahate haiN| isa prakAra utpatti kI apekSA samyagdarzana ke do bheda hote haiN| ina donoM meM sAta prakRtiyo ke kSaya, upazama yA kSayopazama kI apekSA rahatI hai| sammattasmaNimittaM viNasukhaM tassa jANimo purilo| aMtarahedU bhaNiya sanamohassa bayapahuDI / / -niyamasAra sUtrakAra dvArA nirdiSTa chaha anuyogadvAra - nirdeza, svAmitva, sAdhana, adhikAra, sthiti aura vidhAna ke AdhAra se samyagdarzana kA varNana kiyA jA rahA hai| jIvAdi padArthoM kA pradAna karanA samyagdarzana hai- aisA kathana nirdeza hai| samyagdarzana kisake hotA hai ? sAmAnya se jIva ke, vizeSa semarakagati meM saba pRthivIyoM meM paryAptakanArakiyoM ke mApazamika aura kSAyopazAmika hotA hai| pahalI pRthvI meM paryAptaka aura aparyAptaka nArakiyoM ke mApazAmika aura bAyopazAmika hotA hai| tiryaMcagati meM paryAptaka ke aupazAmika hotA hai,sAyika aura bAyopazAmika paryAptaka va aparyAptaka donoM ke hotA hai| nirvacanI ke kSAyika nahIM hotA / aupazamika aura kSAyopazamika paryAptaka tirthacanI ke hotA hai aparyAptaka ke nhiiN| manuSyagati meM mAvika aura Page #98 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ 42/mAya kSAyopazamika paryAptaka aparyAptaka donoM ke hotA hai| aupazamika paryAptaka ke hI hotA hai| aparyAptaka ke nahIM / manuSyaniyoM ke tInoM hI hote haiM kintu paryAptaka manuSyaniyoM ke hI hotA hai, aparyAptaka ke nhiiN| devamati meM paryAva aparyApta donoM prakAra ke devoM ke tInoM hI samyagdarzana hote haiM / bhavanavAsI, vyantara va jyotiSI devoM ke tInoM kI devAMganAoM ke aura saudharma - IzAna meM utpanna deviyoM ke kSAyika nahIM hotA zeSa do hote haiM aura ve bhI paryAptaka avasthA meM hI hote haiN| indriya mArgaNA meM saMjJI paMcendriya jIvoM ke tInoM samyagdarzana hote haiN| anya jIvoM ke koI bhI samyagdarzana nahIM hotA hai| kAyamArgaNA meM sakAyika jIvoM ke tInoM samyagdarzana hote haiM, anya ke nhiiN| yogamArgaNA meM tInoM yogoM vAle ke tInoM samyagdarzana hote haiM, kintu ayogI ke eka kSAyika hI hotA hai| vedamArgaNA meM tInoM veda vAle ke tInoM samyagdarzana hote haiM, kintu avedI ke aupazamika aura kSAyika do hI hote haiN| jJAnamArgaNA ke anusAra matijJAnI, zrutajJAnI, avadhijJAnI aura mana:paryayajJAnI jIvoM ke tInoM hI samyagdarzana hote haiM, kintu kevalajJAnI ke kevala eka kSAyika samyagdarzana hI hotA hai| saMyamamArgaNA ke anusAra sAmAyika - chedopasthApanA saMyata jIvoM ke tInoM samyagdarzana hote haiM / parihAravizuddhi saMyatoM ke aupazamika ke alAvA zeSa do hote haiN| sUkSmasAparAya aura yathAkhyAta saMyatoM ke aupazamika va kSAyika hote haiN| darzanamArgaNA se cakSu, acakSu va avadhidarzana vAloM ke tInoM hote haiM / kevaladarzana vAle jIvoM ke kevala kSAyika samyaktva hotA hai| lezyAmArgaNA ke anusAra chahoM lezyA vAle ke tInoM samyagdarzana hote haiN| lezyArahita ke kSAyika hI hotA hai| earerNA meM bhavya ke tInoM samyaktva hote haiM, kintu abhavya ke eka bhI nhiiN| samyaktvamArgaNA meM jahA~ jo samyagdarzana hai, vahA~ vahI samajhanA caahie| saMjJAmArgaNA meM saMjJI ke tInoM, asaMjJI ke eka bhI nhiiN| saMjJArahita ke kSAyika samyagdarzana hai| AhArakamArgaNA meM AhArakoM ke tInoM samyagdarzana hote haiN| anAhAraka chadyasthoM ke bhI tInoM hote haiM, kintu samudghAtagata kevalI va anAhArakoM ke eka kSAyika samyagdarzana hI hotA hai| sAdhana do prakAra kA hai - abhyantara aura baahy| abhyantara sAdhana karmoM kA kSaya, kSayopazama va upazama hai / bahiraMga sAdhana nArakiyoM ke cauthe se pahale-pahale tIsare taka jAtismaraNa, dharmazravaNa, vedanAnubhava hai| cauthe se sAtaveM taka jAtismaraNa, vedanAnubhava hai| tiryaMcoM meM jAtismaraNa, dharmazravaNa evaM jinabimbadarzana bAhya sAdhana haiN| manuSyoM meM jAtismaraNa, dharmazravaNa evaM jinamahimA darzana samyagdarzana utpatti ke sAdhana haiN| devoM ke jAtismaraNa, dharmazravaNa, jinamahimA darzana evaM devarddhi darzana se samyagdarzana utpanna hotA hai| yaha vyavasthA Anatakalpa se pUrva taka hai| Anata, prANata, AraNa aura acyuta kalpa ke devoM ke devarddhidarzana ko chor3akara tIna darzana pAye jAte haiN| nau graiveyikoM meM samyagdarzana kA sAdhana jAtismaraNa aura dharmazravaNa hai| adhikaraNa do prakAra kA hai - abhyantara aura bAhya / jisa samyagdarzana kA jo svAmI hai vahI usakA abhyantara adhikaraNa hai| bAhya adhikaraNa trasanAr3I hai| aupazamika samyagdarzana kI jaghanya va utkRSTa sthiti eka antarmuhUrta hai| sAvika kI saMsArI jIva ke jadhanya antarmuhUrta hai aura utkRSTa sthiti ATha varSa antarmuhurta kama do pUrva koTI tetIsa sAgara hai| mukta jIva ke Adi-ananta hai| kSAyopazamika kI jaghanya sthiti antarmuhUrta va utkRSTa chyAsaThasAmara hai| bheda kI apekSA sAmAnya eka hai| utpatti kI apekSA nisargaja va adhigamaja do bheda haiN| karmaprakRtiyoM kI apekSA tIna - aupakSamika, kSAyopazamika evaM kSAyika tIna bheda haiN| samyagdarzana zabdoM kI apekSA saMkhyAta prakAra kA hai, zraddhAna karane vAloM kI apekSA asaMkhyAta prakAra kA aura zraddhAna karane yogya padArthoM kI apekSA ananta prakAra kA hai| Page #99 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ tattvArthAzivA punaH sUtrakAra ne kahA hai ki ATha anya anuyogadvAroM ke AdhAra para bhI samyagdarzana ke bAre meM vizeSa jJAna prApta kiyA jA sakatA hai| sat arthAt astitva, saMkhyA arthAt bheda, kSetra arthAt vartamAnakAlIna nivAsa, sparzana arthAt tInakAla vinivAsa, kAla arthAt mukhya aura vyavahArakAla samaya kI maryAdA, antara arthAt virahakAla, bhAva arthAt apazamikAdi bhAva, alpabahutva arthAt eka dUsare kI apekSA nyUnAdhikatA kA jJAna / samyagaJcati iti eti samyagasti jo pUrNa rUpa se bhalI prakAra se gamana karatA ho vaha samyak hai / tasya bhAvaH tattvaM iti prazastiH usakA bhAva samyaktva hai| aisI prazasti hai, joki jaba apanI pUrNa dazA para pahu~ca jAtA hai taba usa samaya muktimaya svatantratA rUpa hotA hai, kintu apUrNadazA meM mukti kA mArga kahalAtA hai| kAraNa-kAryatA athavA nimitta-naimittikatA paryAyoM meM hotI hai| dravyoM meM nhiiN| dravya kisI kA kAraNa hai na kisI kA kArya / nizcayanaya abhinna ko viSaya karane vAlA hai| vyavahAranaya bhinna ko athavA bheda ko viSaya karatA hai| anAdikAlIna mithyAtva se tatvo kA anyathA zraddhAna hotA hai aura isakA anyathApana miTakara tathApana A jAnA hI samyaktva hai| mithyAtva aura samyaktva kA artha loTApana aura kharApana samajhanA caahie| aura ko aura mAnane laganA mithyAtva hai tathA vastu svarUpa ko jaise kA taisA mAnanA samyaktva hai| yaha samyagdRSTi jIva lokapatha meM sthita hote hue bhI yadyapi samyagdarzana prApta kara cukA hai phira bhI cAritramoha kA aMza isakI AtmA meM abhI vidyamAna hai| isalie isakI prakRti /caryA jaisI honI cAhie thI vaisI abhI nahIM ho pAI hai / yadyapi yaha jJAna cukA hai ki yaha zarIra merI AtmA se bhinna hai tathA jitane bhI ye mAtA-pitA, putrI putrAdi rUpa sAMsArika nAte haiM ve zarIra ke sAtha haiM tathApi zarIra ke nAtedAroM ko hI aura logoM kI bhAti apane nAtedAra samajhate hue unake sAtha meM vaisA hI bartAva kiyA karatA hai, to bhI apanI usa tAttvika zraddhA ko nahIM khotA hai, balki isa vyAvahArika veSTA ko zraddhA ke anurUpa DhAlane kA prayatna karatA hai| jaise sone kI DalI kIcar3a meM girakara bhI jaga ko prApta nahIM hotI, jabaki lohA jaMga ko prApta ho jAtA hai| usI prakAra samyagdRSTi sAsArika vAtAvaraNa meM rahakara bhI samAra ke kAryoM meM pUrI taraha usa prakAra lipta nahIM hotA jisa prakAra mithyAdRSTi ho jAtA hai / - jaghanyatA aura utkRSTatA kI apekSA samyagdarzana do prakAra kA hai - sarAga aura vItarAga / AtmAdhIna jJAnasukhasvabhAve zuddhAtmadravye nizcala - nirvikArAnubhUtirUpamavasthAnaM tallakSaNanizcayacAritrAjjIvasya sampadyate parAdhInendriyajanitajJAnasukhavilakSaNaM svAdhInAtIndriyarUpaparamajJAnasukha - lakSaNaM nirvANam / sarAgacAritrAt punardevAsuramanuSyarAjyavibhavajanako mukhyavRttyA viziSTapuNyabaMdho bhavati paramparamA nirvANaM ceti // (tA. vRtti ) vItarAga samyagdarzana se sAkSAt nirvANa aura sarAga samyagdarzana se paramparA se nirvANa kI prApti hotI hai| sarAgadazA meM samyagdRSTi ko bhI satkarmacetanA tathA karmacetanA hotI hai, kintu vItarAgadazA meM jJAnacetanA hotI hai| zraddhAna, jJAna, AcaraNa meM vastu bheda nahIM hai| AtmA meM darzana, jJAna, cAritra se vivecanA mAtra kI jAtI hai| ye tInoM Ama, nIMbU, nAraMgI kI bhAMti bhinna-bhinna nahIM haiN| ye tInoM AtmA kA pariNAma haiM jo AtmA ke sAtha anusyUta hai / agni ko samajhAne ke lie dAhakapana, pAcakapana aura prakAzakapana ke dvArA samajhAnA hotA hai| ina guNoM meM se tInoM yA kisI eka guNa meM kamI Ane para dUsaroM meM bhI usa kamI kA prabhAva hotA hai aura agni meM svayaM meM bhI kamI A jAtI hai| yaha samyaktva guNa nahIM hai, kintu una guNoM kI mithyAtva ke samAna athavA samyagmithyAsta ke samAna avasthA vizeSa hai| yaha caturtha guNasthAna meM prakaTa hotA hai| dhIre-dhIre sudharate sudharate yaha caudahaveM guNasthAna meM jAkara apanI pUrI ThIka Page #100 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ 44/kAryA-nika - sthiti meM pahu~catA hai| vaha AtmasudhAra do taraha se hotA hai eka yatnasAdhya aura dUsarA usake anantara anAyAsa rUpa se hone vAlA | caturtha guNasthAna se lekara dazama guNasthAna taka AtmA prayatnavAn hotA hai, vaha vyavahAramokSamArga kahA jAtA hai| mAge sahajabhAva se nijoma guNoM kI vRddhi karatA hai taba nizcayamokSamArga para ArUr3ha kahA jAtA hai| caturtha guNasthAna meM jaba samyaktva prakaTa hotA hai to jJAnAvaraNIya ko bhI viziSTa kSayopazama hotA hai jisase guru kI vANI yA tattvoM ke svarUpa ko ThIka se grahaNa kara pAtA hai| saMsAra kI ora bala rakhane vAlI kriyA azubha aura mukti kI ora bala rakhane vAlI kriyA zubha hotI hai| jisameM ki buddhi pUrvaka samyagdRSTi jIba pravRtta hotA hai yahI usakA sarAgapanA hai| terahaveM, caudahaveM guNasthAna meM samyagdarzana, jJAna, cAritra tInoM guNoM meM parama utkRSTatva ho jAtA hai| gyArahaveM, bArahaveM guNasthAna meM zrutajJAna bhAvazrutajJAna ho jAtA hai, jisakI saMtAna yathAkhyAta cAritra hai| siddha avasthA meM darzana aura cAritramoha donoM ke nAza se samyaktva guNa prakaTa hotA hai| ataH donoM darzanamoha aura cAritramoha kathaMcit eka haiM aura jaba eka hai to cAritramoha ke sadbhAva meM samyaktva meM avazya hI kucha kamI hotI hai isalie samyaktva ke sarAga aura vItarAga do bheda kie gae haiM jo vAstavika haiN| jJAnacetanA vItarAgI ke hI hotI hai| cetyate anubhUyate upayujyate iti cetanA / yadyapi caturtha guNasthAna vAle kA jJAna samyagjJAna hotA hai kiMtu rAga bhAva ke kAraNa ajJAna cetanA hotI hai| tatvArthasUtra meM samyagdarzana se sambandhita sUtra - samyagdarzanajJAnacAritrANi mokSamArgaH / tattvArthazraddhAnaM samyagdarzanam / tanisargAdadhigamAdvA / a. 1 sU. 1 a. 1 sU. 2 a. 1 sU. 3 a. 1 sU. 4 a. 2. sU. 1 a. 2 sU. 3 a. 6 sU. 13 a. 6 sU. 21 a. 6 sU. 24 darzanavizuddhirvinayasampannatA... ...... tIrthakaratvasya / a. 7 sU. 23 zaMkAkAMkSAvicikitsAnyadRSTiprazaMsA: saMstavA: samyagdRSTeratIcArA: / mithyAdarzanAviratipramAdakaSAyayogA bandhahetavaH / a. 8 sU. 1 a. 8 sU. 9 jIvAjIvAsravabandhasaMvaranirjarAmokSAstattvam / aupazamika kSAyika bhAvau mizrazca jIvasya svatattvamaudayikapAriNAmikau ca / samyaktvacAritre | kevalizrutasaMghadharmadevAvarNavAdo darzanamohasya / samyaktvaM ca / darzanacAritramohanIyakaSAyAkaSAyavedanIyAkhyAstri- navaSoDazabhedAH . krodhamAnamAyAlobhAH / darzanamohAntarAyayoradarzanalAbhau / a. 9 sU. 14 a. 9 sU.45 samyagdRSTizrAvaka viratAnantaviyojaka... a. 10 sU-4 anyatra kevalasamyaktvajJAnadarzanasiddhatvebhyaH / isa prakAra sarAgasamyagdarzana samyagdarzana kI prArambhika avasthA hai jo uttara utkRSTa avasthA arthAt vItarAgasamyagdarzana kA kAraNa hai| vItarAga- samyagdarzana kI prApti ke lakSya pUrvaka sarAgasamyagdarzana kI sAdhanA yahI . kramazo'saMkhyeyaguNanirjarAH / Page #101 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ tatvArthasUtra meM pramANa-naya mImAMsA * ma. jayakumAra jaina jainoM kI gItA kahe jAne vAle tattvArthasUtra kI mahattA evaM pratiSThA jainadharma ke sabhI sampradAyoM meM kucha pAThabheda evaM sUtrabheda ke sAtha samAna rUpa se svIkRta hai| pAThabheda evaM sUtrabheda kA pramukha kAraNa muni kI nagnatA kI svIkRti yA asvIkRti hai / isa grantha meM jaina tattvajJAna kA sUtrazailI meM saMkSipta kintu vizada vivecana huA hai| tattvArthasUtra meM tattvajJAna ke upAya ke rUpa meM jaina nyAya ke pramukha aGka pramANa aura naya kA bhI varNana huA hai| 'pramANanavaradhigamaH'' kahakara AcArya umAsvAmI ne yaha spaSTa kara diyA hai ki padArthoM kA jJAna pramANa aura nayoM se hotA hai| jitanA bhI samyagjJAna hai, vaha pramANa aura nayoM meM vibhakta hai / inake atirikta padArthoM ke jJAna kA dUsarA koI sAdhana nahIM hai| nyAyadIpikAkAra abhinava dharmabhUSaNa yati ne spaSTa rUpa se likhA hai - 'pramANanayAbhyAM hi vivecitA jIvAdamaH sammagadhigamyante / tadvyatirekeNa jIvAcadhigame prakArAntarAsaMbhavAt / arthAt pramANa aura naya se vivecana kiye gaye jIva Adi samIcIna rUpa se jAne jAte haiN| unake atirikta jIvAdi ke jJAna meM anya prakAra saMbhava nahIM hai| pramANa aura nava kI nyAvasaMjJA nyAya zabda ni upasarga pUrvaka 'iN' gatyarthaka dhAtu se karaNa artha meM ghaJ pratyaya karane para niSpanna huA hai| abhinava dharmabhUSaNayati ne nyAya kA svarUpa pramANanayAtmaka mAnate hue nyAyadIpikA nAmaka prakaraNa grantha ko prArambha karane kI pratijJA kI hai . "pramANanayAtmakanyAyasvarUpapratibodhaka-zAstrAdhikArasampattave prakaraNamivamAramyate / " pramANa evaM naya ko nyAya svIkArate hue anyatra bhI kahA gayA hai . "nitarAmiyate nAyate'rtho'neneti nyAyaH, arthaparicchevakopAya: nyAya ityarthaH / sapa pramANanayAtmaka ev|" arthAt nizcaya se jisake dvArA padArtha jAne jAte haiM vaha nyAya hai aura vaha pramANa evaM naya rUpa hI hai| isase spaSTa hai ki jainadarzana meM pramANa evaM naya kI hI nyAya saMjJA hai| SaTkhaNDAgama meM jJAnamArgaNA kA varNana karate hue jJAnamImAMsA meM ATha jJAnoM kA varNana kiyA gayA hai| vahA~ pA~ca jJAnoM ko samyagjJAna tathA viparIta mati, viparIta zruta evaM viparIta avadhi jJAnoM ko mithyAjJAna kahA gayA hai| tattvArthasUtra meM bhI pA~ca jJAna evaM tIna viparIta jJAnoM kA pRthaka-pRthak sUtroM meM varNana kiyA gayA hai - 1. tattvArthasUna 1/6 2.nyAyadIpikA, pR..... 3. nyAyadIpikA, pR.5.. 4. vahI.. 6 TippaNI - * paTelanagara, mujaphpharanagara, Page #102 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ 46 / satyArthami 'matatAvacimana:paryayakevalAni jJAnam / " 'reast viparyayazca / " nyAyazAstra meM viSaya kI dRSTise jJAna kI pramANatA evaM apramANatA kA nizcaya kiyA jAtA hai arthAta jo jJAna ghaTa ko ghaTa rUpa jAnatA hai, vaha pramANa jJAna hai aura jo jJAna vastu ko usa vasturUpa nahIM jAnatA hai vaha apramANa jJAna hai| mati, zruta evaM avadhijJAna vastu ko vastu rUpa bhI jAnate haiM tathA mithyAdRSTi meM hone para ye vastu ko avastu / bhinnavastu rUpa bhI jAnate haiM ata: ina tInoM meM samyakpanA bhI pAyA jAtA hai aura mithyApanA bhI / pramANa kA lakSaNa - jainadarzana meM sva para prakAzaka samyagjJAna ko pramANa mAnA gayA hai| kaSAyapAhuDa meM 'pramIyate'neneti pramANam'' kahakara padArtha ke jAnane ke sAdhana ko pramANa kahA gayA hai| AcArya umAsvAmI ne tattvArthasUtra meM yadyapi pramANa kA koI sIdhA lakSaNa nahIM kiyA hai, kintu pA~ca samyagjJAnoM ko do pramANa rUpa kahakara 'tatpramANe'' sUtra meM pramANa zabda kA ullekha kiyA hai| AcArya pUjyapAda ne pramANa zabda kI nirukti karate hue likhA hai - 'pramiNoti pramIyate'nena pramitimAtraM vA pramANam / " arthAt jo acchI taraha mAna karatA hai/ jAnatA hai, jisake dvArA acchI taraha mAna kiyA jAtA hai / jAnA jAtA hai athavA pramiti / jJAna mAtra pramANa hai / pramANa ke isa lakSaNa me unhoMne kartA, karaNa aura bhAva rUpa tIna prakAra se pramANa zabda kA niruktyartha kiyA hai| AcArya akalaMkadeva ne isakA aura spaSTIkaraNa karate hue kahA hai ki pramANa zabda bhAva, kartA aura karaNa tIno sAdhanoM meM niSpanna hotA hai| jaba bhAva kI vivakSA hotI hai to pramA ko kahate haiN| kartA kI vivakSA meM pramAtRtva zakti ko pramANa kahate haiM aura karaNa kI vivakSA meM pramAtA, prameya evaM pramANa kI bhedavivakSA karake sAdhana ko pramANa kahate haiM / ' pramANAcAsa - jo vAstava meM pramANa to na ho kintu pramANa jaisA pratIta ho use pramANAbhAsa kahate hai| tattvArthasUtra meM yadyapi pramANAbhAsa kA koI svarUpa yA vivecana nahIM kiyA gayA hai, tathApi viparIta mati, viparIta bhuta tathA viparIta avadhi (vinAvadhi) ina tIna ko apramANa rUpa kahane se inheM pramANAbhAsa hI samajhanA caahie| jaise kar3avI tumbI meM rakhane se 'dUdha kar3avA ho jAtA hai, usI prakAra mithyAdarzana ke saMsarga se mati, zruta evaM avadhijJAna meM viparItatA nA jAtI hai| jaise rajAdi ko alaga kara dene para saMzodhita tumbI meM rakhA gayA dUdha kar3avA nahIM hotA hai, usI prakAra mithyAdarzana ko dUra kara dene para saMzodhita ina trividha jJAnoM meM mithyApanA nahIM AtA | tattvArthAdhigama bhASya meM pUrvapakSa ke rUpa meM utthApita zakA 'usI ko jJAna aura usI ko ajJAna kaise kahA jA sakatA hai ?' kA samAdhAna 1. tattvArthasUtra, 1/9 2. bAhI, 1/31. pustaka / bhAga / prakaraNa 1/27 pR. 37 4. svArthasUtra 1/10 5. sarvArthasiddhi 1/10 pR. 98 6. sArtika, 1/10 pR. 49. vRti, butasAgarasUri, 1 / 31 kI vRtti. sasyAvRti, bhAskaramandi, 1/31 kI vRtti. Page #103 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ "karate ho jAte haiM kahA nAvA Post A anumAnata: sUtra meM mati, ta evaM avadhijJAna kI viparItatA ko siddha karane ke lie hetu evaM udAharaNa prastuta karate hue kahA gayA hai ki jaise koI unmatta vyakti vivekahIna hone ke kAraNa sat evaM asat meM antara nahIM kara pAtA hai usI prakAra mithyAdRSTi vyakti pramANAbhAsa / apramANa/mithyAjJAna ke dvArA sat-asat kA viveka nahIM rakha pAtA hai| 1. pakSa (pratijJA ) 2. hetu 3. udAharaNa - ukta siddhi meM tattvArtha sUtrakAra ne anumAna ke tInoM avayavoM pakSa hetu tathA udAharaNa ko do sUtroM meM upasthita kiyA hai tathA isa AdhAra para mati Adi tIna jJAnoM ko viparIta / pramANAbhAsa bhI siddha kiyA hai| yathA - .matizrutAvadhayo viparyayazca / sadsatoravizeSAd yadRcchopalabdheH / unmattavat / isI kAraNa se ajJAna yahA~ yaha avadheya hai ki jahA~ nyAya darzana meM anumAna pramANa ke lie pratijJA, hetu, udAharaNa, upanaya evaM nigamana ina paJcAvayava vAkyoM ko mAnA gayA hai, vahA~ jainadarzana meM anumAna ke lie tIna avayava hI anivArya mAne haiN| tattvArthasUtra anyatra bhI tIna avayavoM kA hI vastu kI anumAnataH siddhi meM upayoga kiyA gayA hai|' pramANa ke bheda aMza - aMzI (dharma-dharmI) kA bheda kiye binA vastu kA jJAna pramANa kahA gayA hai| yaha bAta pA~coM jJAnoM meM pAI jAtI hai| ataH pA~coM hI jJAna pramANa haiM kintu tattvArthasUtra ke ina jJAnoM ko do pramANa rUpa kahakara Adi ke do matijJAna evaM zruta jJAna ko parokSa tathA zeSa avadhijJAna, mana:paryayajJAna evaM kebalajJAna ko pratyakSa svIkAra kiyA hai|' mati evaM zruta do jJAnoM ko parokSa mAnane kA kAraNa yaha hai ki ye do jJAna indriya aura mana kI sahAyatA se hote haiN| zeSa tIna jJAna inakI sahAyatA ke binA AtmA kI yogyatA se utpanna hote haiN| 1. sabhASyatattvArthAdhigamasUtra 1/32 (matizrutAvadyayo viparyayazca) kA bhASya 2. sadasatoravizeSAd ydRcchoplbdherunmttvt| tasvArthasUtra 1 / 32 3. draSTavya ka. mukta jIva kI Urdhvagamana siddhi pakSa (pratijJA) - tadanantaramUrdhva gacchatyAlokAntAt / hetu pUrvaprayogAtmatvAdvAchepArAtipariNAmAnya * udAharaNa- AvikulAlacakravadvyapagatale palAmbuderaNDavIjavadantizikhAcca tattvArthasUtra 10/5-7 bA. jIvoM kI sampUrNa lokAkAza taka meM avagAha kI siddhi pakSa (pratijJA) - masaMkhyeyabhAgAdiSu jIvAnAm / hetu pradIpasaMhAravisarpAbhyAm / . udAharaNa- pradIpavat tatvArthasUtra 5/15-16 4. taThapramANe / Adhe parokSam / pratyakSamanyat / - tatvArthasUna 4/10-12 ma NAG Page #104 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ bemetara bhAratIya darzanoM meM kAma indriya karake indriyavanya jAna ko pratyakSa samApasAnoM ko paroka mAnA gayA hai| kintu isa lakSaNa ke anusAra bogiyoM kA mAna pratyakSa siddha nahIM ho sakatA hai, kyokiyA mAna indriyoM kI sahAyatA ke binA hI hotA hai| use mAnanA to netara dArzanikoM ko bhI amIra nahIM hai| bata eva akSa zabda kA AtmA artha mAnakara tatvArthasUtrakAra dvArA AtmA kI yogyatA ke bala se utpanna jJAna ko pratyakSa tathA indriya evaM mana ke AdhIna jJAna ko parokSa kahanA sarvathA yuktiyukta hai| phira bhI rAjavArtika meM AcArya akalaMkadeva ne avadhi, mana:paryaya evaM kevalajJAna ko pratyakSa mAnakara bhI indriya evaM mana kI sahAyatA se hone vAle matijJAna ko jo sAMvyavahArika pratyakSa kahA gayA hai, vaha laukika dRSTi se kathana hai, paramArthata: nhiiN| kucha dArzanika anumAna, upamAna, Agama, arthApatti evaM abhAva Adi ko bhI pramANa kA bheda svIkAra karate haiN| isa viSaya meM tattvArthAdhigamabhASya kA kathana avadheya hai. 'anumAnopamAnAgamArthApattisaMbhavAbhAvAnapi ca pramANAni iti kecinmanyante tatkathametaditi / atrocyate - sarvANyetAni matizrutayorantarbhUtA-naundriyArthasannikarSanimittatvAt / kiM cAnyat - apramANAnyeva vA / kuta: ? mithyAdarzanaparigrahAra viparItopadezAcca / mithyAdRSTehi matibhutAbadhayo niyatamajJAnameveti vakSyate / ' arthAt koI anumAna, upamAna, Agama, arthApatti, saMbhava, abhAva ko bhI pramANa mAnate haiM - yaha kaise mAnA jAya ? isakA uttara dete hue kahA hai ki ye sabhI pramANa matijJAna aura zrutajJAna meM hI antarbhUta ho jAte haiN| kyoMki ye indriya aura padArtha ke sannikarSa kA nimitta pAkara hI utpanna hone vAle haiN| anyathA ye pramANa hI nahIM hai kyoMki milAdarzana ke sahacArI hone se tathA viparIta upadeza dene vAle hone se inakI apramANatA hai / mithyAdRSTi ke matijJAna, zrutIna evaM avadhijJAna ajJAna hI hote haiN| pramANa ke anya bheda tattvArthasUtra ke pramukha TIkAkAra AcArya pUjyapAda ne 'tattramANaM vividha svArtha parArtha ca' kahakara pramANa ke do anya bheda kiye haiM- svArtha evaM parArthI jJAnAtmaka pramANa ko svArtha pramANa kahate haiM tathA vacanAtmaka pramANa ko parArtha pramANa kahate haiN| bhAcArya akalaMkadeva kA kahanA hai ki mAna svAdhigama hetu hotA hai jo pramANa aura nama rUpa hotA hai|bcn parAdhigama hetu hotA hai| vacanAtmaka syAvAda zruta ke dvArA jIvAdi kI pratyeka paryAya saptamegI rUpa se pAnI jAtI hai| svArtha parA pramANa kI saMgati - AcArya pUjyapAda ne svArtha evaM parArdha pramANoM kI tattvArdhasUtrakAra dvArA mAnya pratyakSa aura parokSa pramANoM se saMgati baiThAte hue kahA hai ki mutabAna ko chor3akara zeSa cAroM matibAna, mavadhinAna, mana:pavamAna aura kevalajJAna sthAI pramANa hai| parantu bhutakAna svArtha pramANa bhI hai mAra kArya pramANa bhii| phalita yaha hai ki svArtha to pAMcoM hI 1.satyAdhigamamAya 1/2pR. 35 2. sarvArthasidi.1/6pR. 20 .4.satyAgArtika / /6.33 --aa pramAya bhUtavayam / zrutaM punaH svArtha bhavati parArthaM ca / ' - srvaarthsidi|/6 pR. 20 Page #105 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ mAna, kisucArya mAnabulajJAna hI hai| anya koI bhI jAna parArtha nahIM hai| isa prakAra svArtha evaM parAI pramANoM kA bhI pratyakSa evaM parokSa pramANoM meM hI antarbhAva hai| unakI pRSaka pramANatA svIkRta nahIM hai| anumAna Adi pramANoM kA pRthak kathana na karane kA kAraNa spaSTa karate hue tatvArthavArtikakAra ne mAnAnAM pRthanAnugataH yuvAvarodhAt bArtika likhA hai / isake vyAkhyAna meM ve spaSTa karate haiM ki anumAna Adi kA svapratipatti kAla meM anasArata meM tathA para pratipatti kAla meM akSara bhuta meM antarbhAva ho jAtA hai| isIlie inakA pRthaka upadezanahIM kiyA gayA hai| AlApapaddhati Adi meM jo kevalajJAna ko nirvikalpaka tathA zeSa ko savikalpaka kahA gayA hai, ve bhI pratyakSa evaM parokSa pramANa meM hI antarbhUta haiN| prAcIna paramparA to paoNco jJAnoM ko do pramANa rUpa mAnane kI hI hai| sambadhAna kI pramANatA AcArya yativRSabha ne 'gANaM hodipamAna kahakara spaSTatamA jJAna ko pramANa mAnA hai| zlokabArtika meM kahA gayA hai miyAjAnaM mAna smbgiyaadhikaartH| pacA patrAdhisaMvAdastadhAtA prmaanntaa|| arthAt kyoMki sUtra meM samyaktva kA adhikAra adhyAhRta hai, isalie sazayAdi se yukta mithyAjJAna pramANa nahI hai| jisa prakAra se jahA~ para avisaMvAda hai, vahA~ para usa prakAra pramANapanA hai| yahA~ para yaha vizeSa avadheya hai ki svaviSaya meM bhI matijJAna evaM zrutajJAna ekadeza pramANa hai, avadhi Adi tIna jJAna pUrNataH pramANa haiM / kevalajJAna to sarvatra pramANa hai / tattvArthazlokavArtika meM kahA bhI gayA hai - sthA matitajJAna pramANa dezataH sthitam / avamyAdi kAlvana kevalaM srvtstri|| prAmANyavAda jJAna ke prAmANya eva aprAmANya viSayaka vicAra ko dArzanika jagat meM prAmANyavAda kahA jAtA hai| jJAna yathArtha hai yA ayathArtha isa vicAra ko nyAya meM prAmANyagraha kahate haiN| prAmANya svata: hai arthAt jJAnagrAhaka sAmagrI evaM prAmANyagrAhaka sAmagrI eka hai athavA prAmANya parata hai arthAt jJAnagrAhaka sAmagrI pRthak hai aura prAmANyagrAhaka sAmagrI pRthaka hai, pramukhatayA prAmANyavAda kA vivecya hai| sAMkhya dArzanikoM kA vicAra hai ki jJAna kA prAmANya eva aprAmANya svata: hote haiM arthAt jisa pramANa ke dvArA vastu kA jJAna hotA hai, usI pramANa ke dvArA usa jJAna kI prAmANikatA yA apramANikatA kA bhI nirNaya ho jAtA hai| 1. tattvArthabArtika 1/20/15 pR. 78 2. mAlApapaDati, 3.tiloyapaNatI, 1/83 4. tattvAvalokavArtika 3/1/10/38 5. vahIM,3/1/10/9 6. pramANatvApramANatve svataH sAMsyA: smaavitaa:| - sarvadarzanasaMgraha, sAMsyaprakaraNa Page #106 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ 50 / tasyArthasU-nikava triesoN ke anusAra prAmANya svataH aura aprAmANya parata: hotA hai / ' vedAntadarzana kI bhI yahI mAnyatA hai| kucha bauddha aprAmANya ko svataH aura prAmANya ko parataH mAnate haiM, jabaki kucha prAmANya aura aprAmANya donoM ko kicit svataH evaM kazcit parata: svIkAra karate haiN|' nyAya-vaizeSika dArzanika prAmANya aura aprAmANya donoM ko parataH mAnate haiN|" jaina dArzanikoM kA kahanA hai ki utpatti kI dazA meM jJAna kA prAmANya evaM aprAmANya donoM svataH hote haiM tathA jJapti kI dazA meM donoM hI parataH hote haiN|' yadyapi tattvArthasUtrakAra ne isa viSaya meM koI ullekha nahIM kiyA hai, kintu zlokavArtikakAra ne spaSTatayA likhA hai - atrAbhyAmApramANatvaM nizcitaM svata eva naH / anabhyAse tu parataH ityAhuH ..ll arthAt abhyAsadazA meM jJAna svarUpa kA nirNaya karate samaya hI yugapat usake pramANapane kA bhI nirNaya kara liyA jAtA hai, parantu anabhyAsadazA meM to dUsare kAraNoM se hI pramANapanA jAnA jAtA hai| abhiprAya yaha hai ki abhyAsadazA meM pramANa svataH aura anabhyAsadazA meM pramANa parata: hotA hai| apramANa ke viSaya me bhI yahI sthiti hai / pramANa- prameva Adi meM kamavit bhedAbhedapanA AcArya pUjyapAda ne pUrvapakSa ke rUpa meM prazna upasthita kiyA hai ki yadi jJAna ko pramANa mAnate haiM to phala kise mAnege ? phala kA to abhAva hI ho jaayegaa| isake uttara meM ve kahate haiM ki yaha koI doSa nahIM hai, kyoMki padArtha ke jJAna ho jAne para prIti dekhI jAtI hai| yahI pramANa kA phala kahA jAtA hai| athavA apekSA yA ajJAna kA nAza pramANa kA phala hai| " jo loga sannikarSa ko pramANa mAnate haiM ve padArtha ke jJAna ko phala mAna lete haiM, kintu pUjyapAda kA kahanA hai ki yadi sannikarSa ko pramANa mAnA jAyegA to sUkSma, vyavahita aura viprakRSTa padArthoM kA grahaNa nahIM ho sakegA aura isa prakAra sarvajJatA kA bhI abhAva siddha hogA / indriyoM ko pramANa mAnane para bhI yahI doSa upasthita hotA hai| cakSu eva mana ke aprApyakArI hone se indriya aura sannikarSa bhI nahIM bana sakatA hai| sannikarSa ko pramANa aura padArtha ke jJAna ko phala mAnate haiM to sannikarSa do meM rahane vAlA siddha hogA aura isa prakAra to ghaTapaTAdi padArthoM ke bhI jJAna kI prApti kA prasaMga upasthita ho jAyegA / ' ataeva sannikarSa ko pramANa nahIM mAnA jA sakatA hai| jainadarzana ke anusAra pramANa aura prameya sarvathA bhinna nahIM haiN| jisa prakAra ghaTAdi padArthoM ko prakAzita karane meM dIpaka hetu hai aura apane ko prakAzita karane meM bhI vahI hetu hai| isake lie prakAzAntara kI AvazyakatA nahIM hotI hai| usI prakAra pramANa bhI hai| ataH prameya ke samAna pramANa ke lie yadi anya pramANa mAnA jAtA hai to sva kA jJAna nahIM hone 1. nyAyamakSarI, bhAga / pR. 160-174 2. dRSTavya sarvadarzanasaMgraha, bIddhaprakaraNa 3. satyasaMgraha, kArikA 3123 4. vyAyamaJjarI, pR. 169 174 5. prANamImAMsA 1/1/8 6. zlokavArtika, 3/1/10/126-127 7. sarvArthasiddhi 1/10 pR. 97 8. vahI 1/10 pR. 97 tathA tatvArthavArtika 1/10/16-22 Page #107 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ DA se smRtikA abhAva ho jaayegaa| smRti kA abhAva ho jAne se vyavahAra ke lopa kA prasaMga upasthita ho jaayegaa| ataH spaSTa hai ki pramANa aura prameva sarvanA bhitra nahIM hai / parantu donoM meM kayacit bhinnapanA bhI hai| jisa prakAra bAhya pramevoM se pramANa (ghaTa se dIpaka kI taraha) bhinna hotA hai usI prakAra prameya se pramANa meM kacit mitratA bhI hai| kyoMki pramANa to pramANa bhI hai aura prameva bhI, jabaki prameya kevala prameva hai| gaya kA - paraspara viruddha pakSoM vAlI aneka rUpAtmaka vastu ko kisI eka pakSa se dekhane vAlI jJAtA kI dRSTi kA nAma naya hai| jaba-jaba vastu meM dharma-dharmI kA bheda hokara dharma dvArA vastu kA jJAna hotA hai taba-taba vaha jJAna nayajJAna kahalAtA hai| isI kAraNa nayoM ko zrutajJAna kA bheda kahA gayA hai| yadyapi pramANa aura naya donoM se padArthoM kA jJAna hotA hai tathApi itanI vizeSatA avazya hai ki pramANa sakalAdezI hai jabaki naya vikalAdezI hai| AcArya pUjyapAda ne kahA hai- 'sakalAdezAH pramANAdhIno vikalAdezo nayAdhIna iti / " tatvArthAdhigamabhASya meM naya kA niruktyartha karate hue kahA gayA hai- 'jIvAdIn padArthAn nayanti prApnuvanti kArayanti sAdhayanti nivartayanti nimazivanti upalambhayanti vyaJjayanti iti nayaH / arthAt jo jIvAdi padArthoM ko lAte haiM, prApta karAte haiM, banAte haiM, avabhAsa karAte haiM, upalabdha karAte haiM, prakaTa karAte haiM, ve naya haiN| tiloyapaNNattI, AlApapaddhati, prameyakamalamArtaNDa Adi granthoM meM jJAtA, pramAtA athavA vaktA ke abhiprAya ko naya kahA gayA hai|' AcArya pUjyapAda kA kahanA hai ki anekAntAtmaka vastu meM virodha ke binA hetu kI mukhyatA se sAdhyavizeSa kI yathArthatA ko prApta karAne meM samartha prayoga ko naya kahate haiN|' zlokavArtika meM apane ko aura padArtha ko ekadeza rUpa se jAnanA naya kA lakSaNa mAnA gayA hai|' AcArya akalaMkadeva ne pramANa ke dvArA saMgRhIta vastu ke artha ke eka aMza ko naya mAnA hai|' AcArya pUjyapAda kA kahanA hai ki vastu ko pramANa se jAnakara bAda meM kisI eka avasthA dvArA padArtha kA nizcaya karanA taya hai| zlokavArtikakAra ke anusAra zrutajJAna ko mUla kAraNa mAnakara hI nayajJAnoM kI siddhi mAnI gaI hai|" nava ke bheda tatvArtha sUtrakAra AcArya umAsvAmI ne sAta nayoM kA ullekha kiyA hai - naigama, saMgraha, vyavahAra, RjusUtra, zabda, samabhirUDha evaM evaMbhUta / ' * 1. sarvArthasiddhi 1/10 pR. 20 2. tattvArthAdhigamabhASya 1 / 35 3. 'yo vinAsa hidiyabhAvatvo / ' tiloyapaNNattI 1 /83 'zAturabhiprAyo vA nayaH |'-aalaappddhti 9 'jJAturabhiprAyo namaH / ' prameyakamalamArtaNDa pR.676 4. 'vastunyanekAntAtmanayavirodhena hetvarpaNAtsAdhyavizeSasya yAthAtmyaprApaNapravaNaH prayogo nayaH / ' 5. svArthaikadezanirNItalakSaNo hi nayaH smRtaH / - tattvArthazlokavArtika 2/1/6/17 6. tattvArthavArtika, 1/33/1pR. 94 7. sarvArthasiddhi 1/6 pR. 20 8. mUlA nayAH siddhAH / - tasvArthazlokavArtika 2/1/6/27 9. 'naigamasaMgrahavyavahArasUtrazabdasamabhivaMbhUtA nayAH / - tattvArthasUtra 1 / 33 I - sarvArthasiddhi 1 / 33 pR. 140 Page #108 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ *52/jasthAna-nikAya mUla nayoM kI saMkhyA ke viSaya meM paM. phUlacandra siddhAntamAstrI ne likhA hai- 'baTkhayAgama meM naya ke negama, saMgraha, vyavahAra, RjusUtra aura zabda ina pA~ca bhedoM kA ullekha milatA hai| yadyapi kaSAyapAhuDa meM ye hI pA~ca bheda nirdiSTa haiM lathApi vahA~ maigama ke saMgrahika aura asaMgrahika ye do bheda tathA tIna zabda naya batalAye haiN| zvetAmbara tatvAryabhAdhya aura mAdhyamAnya sUtroM kI paramparA kaSAyapAhuDa kI paramparA kA anukaraNa karatI huI pratIta hotI hai| usameM bhI naya ke tIna bheda kiye gaye haiN| tattvArthabhASya meM jo naigama ke dezaparikSepI aura sarvaparikSepI ye do bheda kiye haiM so ve kaSAyapAhuDa meM kiye gaye naisama ke saMgrahika aura asaMgrahika ina do bhedoM ke anurUpa hI haiN| siddhasena divAkara naigamanaya ko nahIM mAnate zeSa cha: nayoM ko mAnate haiN| isake sivA saba digambara aura zvetAmbara granthoM meM spaSTataH sUtrokta sAta nayoM kA hI ullekha milatA hai| isa prakAra vivakSA bheda se yadyapi nayoM kI saMkhyA ke viSaya meM aneka paramparAe~ milatI haiM, tathApi ve paraspara eka-dUsare kI pUraka ho gata sAtoM maba do nava rUpa..., grama Adi naya dravyArthika aura paryAyArthika ina do bhAgoM meM vibhakta haiN| AcArya pUjyapAda ne likhA hai - 'sa dedhA yaapikaa-pryaavaarssik-shceti|"dhvlaa meM bhI kahA gayA hai ki tIrthaMkaroM ke vacanoM ke sAmAnya prastAra kA mUla vyAkhyAtA dravyArthika naya hai tathA unhIM vacanoM ke vizeSa prastAra kA mUla vyAkhyAtA paryAyArthika naya hai| zeSa sabhI naya ina onoM hI nayoM ke vikalpa yA bheda haiN| bhAskaranandi ne kahA hai ki ye naigamAdi sAtoM napa hI do naya rUpa hote haiN| kyoMki bhUtajJAna ke dvArA gRhIta vastu ke aMza se dravya aura paryAya jisake dvArA prApta kiye jAte haiM, ve naya haiM, isa taraha vyutpatti hai| dravyArthika aura paryAyArthika aise ye do naya haiN| dravya, sAmAnya, abheda, utsarga aura anvaya ye zabda ekArthavAcI haiN| dravya hai prayojana jisakA use dravyArthika naya kahate haiN| dravya viSaya vAlA dravyArtha naya hai| paryAya, vizeSa, bheda, apavAda, vyatireka ye zabda ekArthavAcI haiN| paryAya hai prayojana jisakA use paryAyArthika naya kahate haiN| athavA paryAya viSaya vAlA paryAyArtha hai| inake dravyAstika aura paryAyAstika nAma bhI haiN| dravya ke astitva ko svIkAra kare baha dravya hai| isa prakAra kI buddhi hai jisakI bahanaya dravyAstika hai| paryAya ke astitva ko svIkAra kare vaha paryAya hai| isa prakAra kI buddhi hai jisakI vaha paryAyAstika hai| ukta naigamAdi sAta nayoM meM naigama, saMgraha aura vyavahAra ye tIna dravyArthika naya ke bheda haiM tathA RjusUtra Adi zeSa bAra paryAyArthika naya ke bheda haiN| naigamanaya yadyapi dravya aura paryAya donoM ko mukhya-gauNa bhAva se grahaNa karatA hai| phira bhI vaha inako upacAra se grahaNa karatA hai, ata: vaha dravyArthika naya kA bheda hai / sagraha naya to dravyArthika hai hii| vyavahAranaya ke viSaya meM UrdhvatA sAmAnya se bheda nahIM kiyA jAtA hai, isalie ise bhI dravyArthika naya hI mAnA jAtA hai| Age ke cAra naya paryAyArSika haiN| RjusUtra naya to paryAya vizeSa ko grahaNa karatA hI hai, zeSa tIna bhI paryAya ko hI viSaya banAte haiN| mata: inheM paryAyArSika mAnA gayA hai| / ukta samI naya yadyapi apane-apane viSaya ko hI grahaNa karate haiM kintu makhya-gauNa bhAva se paraspara sApekSa rahate -- * vAyasana/kI hindI vyAkhyA Page #109 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ sAyopiyA svarUpa - zrI zrutasAmarasUri ke anusAra negamAdi sAtoM nayoM kA svarUpa isa prakAra hai 1. naigama - jo eka dravya yA paryAya ko grahaNa nahIM karatA isa vikalpa rUpa ho vaha nigama hai aura nigama kA __ bhAva naigama hai / saMkalpamAtragrAhI naigama naya kahalAtA hai| 2. saMgraha - abheda rUpa vastu ke grahaNa karane ko saMgraha naya kahate haiN| 3. vyavahAra - saMgraha naya se gRhIta artha ko bheda rUpa se grahaNa karanA vyavahAranaya hai| 4. RjusUtra - Rju kA artha sarala hai| jo RNu arthAt sarala ko sUcita karatA hai arthAt svIkAra karatA hai, vaha RjusUtra naya hai| 5. zabda - zabda se, vyAkaraNa se, prakRti pratyaya dvAra se siddha zabdanaya hai ha . 6. samabhirUDha - paraspara abhirUDa samabhirUTa naya hai| 7. evaMbhUta - kriyA kI pradhAnatA se kahA jAya, vaha evaMbhUtanaya hai|' bhAta pakAne kI taiyArI karane vAle ko bhAta pakAne vAlA kahanA, dravya kahane se sabhI jIva-ajIva dravyoM kA grahaNa karanA, dravya ke cha: bheda karanA, vartamAna paryAya ko hI grahaNa karanA, dAra-bhAryA-kalatra ekArthaka hone para bhI liMga bheda se bhinna mAnanA, indra-zakra-purandara meM bhinnArthakatA hone para bhI rUDhi se eka artha kA grahaNa karanA tathA jaba jo jisa avasthA meM ho use taba vesA hI kahanA ukta sAtoM nayoM meM pAyA jAtA hai| ye sAloM naya kramaza: uttarottara sUkSma viSaya vAle haiM tathA inameM pUrva-pUrva naya kI uttara-uttara naya ke prati kAraNatA hai / ata: inake krama ko isI prakAra kahA jAnA sahetuka hai| mabambArSika aura pAMcAvika hote. guNArSika nahIM ___AcArya akalakadeva ne kahA hai ki dravya ke sAmAnya aura vizeSa ye do ho svarUpa haiN| sAmAnya, utsarga, anvaya aura guNa ye ekArthaka zabda haiN| vizeSa, bheda aura paryAya ye ekArthaka zabda haiN| sAmAnya ko viSaya karane vAlA samyArSikamaba hai mAra vizeSa ko viSaya karane vAlA paryAyArSika naya / donoM se samudita mayutasiDaspa taya hai| mAtA jaba muja ko vraba kA hI sAmAnya rUpa mAnA gayA hai taba usake grahaNa karane ke lie vyArSika naya se mina guNArSika nava mAnane kI koI mAvasyakatA nahIM hai| kyoMki naya vikalAdezI hai aura samudAya rUpa dravya sakalAdezI hai / ata: samudAya rUpa dravya to pramANa kA viSaya hai, naya kA nahIM / AcArya akalaMkadeva ne dumayasabAhaH pramANam' kahakara yaha pahale hI spaSTa kara diyA thA ki dravyArthika aura paryAyArthika donoM nayoM kA saMgraha pramANa hai| 1. tatvArthavRtti, ghutasAgarasUri,1/13. pR. 165 2. tatvAryavArtika 5/38/3 3. vahI, 1/1/ Page #110 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ 54/tasvArthalA-mikA navApAsa paraspara sApekSa naya hI samyak hote haiM, nirapekSa nahIM / jisa prakAra paraspara sApekSa rahakara tantu bhAdi pArUpa kArya kA utpAdana karate haiM, usI prakAra naya bhI sApekSa rahakara hI samyagjJAna rUpa kArya ke kAraNa banate haiN| nirapekSa mayoM ko hI mithyAnaya, kunaya yA nayAbhAsa samajhanA caahie| yahA~ para vizeSa avadheya hai ki jisa prakAra zakti kI apekSA nirapekSa tantu, vemA Adi meM para kA kAraNapanA kathaMcita mAnA jAtA hai, usI prakAra nirapekSa nayoM meM bhI zakti kI apekSA samyagjJAna kA kAraNapanA mAnA jA sakatA hai| isI bAta ko sarvArthasiddhi meM nimnalikhita zabdoM meM svIkAra kiyA gayA hai - 'aba tatvAviSu paTAvikArya zaktyapekSayA astItyucyate / nayeSyapi nirapekSeSu baDapabhidhAnarUpeSu kAraNavazAt samyagdarzanahetutva-vipariNatisabhAvAt zaktyAtmanAstitvamiti sAmyamevopanyAsasya / '' kyA maya sAta hI hai? nayoM kA vivecana kahIM zabda, artha evaM jJAna rUpa meM trividha huA to kahIM paMcavidha, saptavidha yA navavidha bhii| vastutaH jitane bhI vacanamArga haiM, utane hI naya ke bheda haiN| dravya kI anantazaktiyA~ haiN| ata: unake kathana karane vAle anantanaya ho sakate haiN| tattvArthazlokavArtika ke anasAra saMkSepa meM naya do -dravyArthika aura paryAyArthika vistAra se tatvArthasUtra meM pratipAdita naigamAdika sAta tathA ativistAra se saMkhyAta vigraha vAle hote haiN|' nirapekSanaya grahaNa se utpanna bhrAntiyA~ aura unake tattvArthasUtra evaM usakI TIkAoM meM pradatta samAdhAna - , zAnti / . - zubhapravRtti, pariNAma evaM upayoga se Asrava aura bandha hI hotA hai| samAdhAna - vrata-pravRtti rUpa bhI hote haiM tathA nivRtti rUpa bhI hote haiN| ahiMsA Adi vratoM ko ekadeza pravRtti rUpa hone kI vajaha se AcArya umAsvAmI ne jahAM unheM Asava ke kAraNoM meM rakhA hai, vahIM saMyama, brahmacarya eva tapa ko dasa dharmoM meM grahaNa kara unheM saMvara kA kAraNa bhI mAnA hai tathA tapa ko to nirjarA kA hetu bhI kahA hai|' * , zAnti - nimita kucha nahIM karatA hai tathA nimisa ke abhAva meM bhI kAryopatti ho sakatI hai| nimitta to svataH mila jAtA hai| samAdhAna - karmoM kA phaladAna dravya-kSetrAdi ke nimitta hone para hI hotA hai, usake binA nahIM hotA hai / yadi kisI karma kA udayakAla ho to usakA udaya to hogA para vaha svamukha se udaya na hokara paramukha se udaya ho jAtA hai| paM. 1. sarvArthasiddhi, 1/334. 146. 2.tasvArthazlokavArtika, 4/1/13 zloka 3-4 pR. 215 bAmapanirodhaH saMvaraH / sa guptisamitidharmAnuprekSAparISahajayacAritraH / tapasA nirjarA ca / - tatsvArthasUtra 9/1-1 Page #111 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ phulacandra zAstrI ne sarvArthasiddhi ke vizeSArtha meM svayaM likhA hai ki hAsya aura rati kA utkRSTa udayakAla sAmAnyata: cha: mAha hai| isake bAda inakI udaya-udIraNA na hokara arati aura zoka kI udaya-udIraNA hone lagatI hai| kintu chaha mAha ke bhItara yadi hAya riti viruddha nimitta mikhatA hai jo bIca meM hI inakI udaya pradoramA jAnatI hai| isI prakAra svarga meM sAtAnimittaka sAmagrI hone se asAtA udayakAla meM sAtArUpa meM pariNata ho jAtI hai tathA naraka meM asAtAnimittaka sAmagrI hone se sAtA udayakAla meM asAtA rUpa meM pariNata ho jAtI hai / pUjyapAda svAmI ne likhA hai - 'byAdinimittavazAt karmaNAM phala-prAptirudayaH / " 'ko bhavaH ? bAdhumikarmodayanimitta: mAlmanaH paryAyo bhavaH / pratyayaH kAraNaM nimittmitynntrm| prAnti 3. - nimitta ko kAraNa mAnane se dravya kI svatantratA meM bAdhA hotI hai| samAdhAna - ukta prazna ke uttara meM AcArya akalaMkadeva kA kahanA hai ki dharmAdi dravyoM ke nimitta se hI jIva evaM pudagala kI gati-sthiti saMbhava hotI hai| kyA aisA mAnane se jIva apane mokSa puruSArtha meM asamartha ho jAtA hai ? yadi nahIM, to nizcita hai ki kAryotpatti meM paradravya ke nimitta mAtra hone se vastu svAtantrya meM koI bAdhA nahIM AtI hai| isI prakAra kI anya aneka bhrAntiyA~ bhI nirapekSa nayoM ko grahaNa karane se utpanna huI haiN| ata: nayoM meM sApekSatA Avazyaka hai| 1. vahI 9/36 kA vizeSArtha 3. sarvArthasiddhi, Page #112 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ HI - - tasvArthamA meM jaina nyAyazAstra ke bIja * DaoN. zItalacanda jaina tasvArthasUtra jaina bAGmaya kA bAta hI mahatvapUrNa evaM prasiddha grantha hai| isameM jaina tattvajJAna ko 'gAgara meM sAgara' kI bhAMti bhara diyA gayA hai| sambhavata: isI se isake mAtra pATha ko yA zravaNa ko eka upavAsa karane ke barAbara pragaTa kara isakA mahatva batalAyA gayA hai| yahI kAraNa hai ki jaina paramparA meM isakA vahI sthAna hai jo hindu paramparA meM gItA kA, muslima sampradAya meM kurAna kA aura IsAiyoM meM bAIbala kA mAnA jAtA hai| tattvArthasatra kI isa mahattA ko dekhakara digambara aura zvetAmbara vyAkhyAkAro ne isa para choTI-bar3I darjanoM vyAkhyAe~ TIkA, bhASya, vArtika, TippaNI Adi likhI haiN| isameM 10 adhyAya hai aura isameM sAta tattvoM kA sAgopAga kathana kiyA gayA hai| una tattvoM ke varNana meM dharma aura darzana kA paryApta yA yoM kahie ki prAyaH pUrA nirUpaNa upalabdha hotA hai| aba prazna hai ki isa dharma aura darzana ke grantha meM kyA unake vivecana yA siddhi ke lie nyAya kA bhI avalambana liyA gayA hai? isa prazna kA uttara jaba hama tattvArthasUtra kA gaharAI aura sUkSmatA se adhyayana karate hai, to usI se mila jAtA bAbakA sArUpa:pramANa aura nava nyAyadIpikAkAra abhinava dharmabhUSaNayati ne nyAya kA svarUpa likhA hai ki pramANa aura naya dono nyAya hai kyoMki ke dvArA padArthoM kA jJAna kiyA jAtA hai| unake atirikta unake jJAna kA anya koI upAya nahIM hai jaisA ki unake nimna pratipAdana se spaSTa hai| 'pramANanayAbhyA hi vivecitA jIvAdayaH samyagadhigamyante / tadvayatirekeNa jIvAdyadhigame prakArAntarAsambhavAt / ' nyAya zabda kI vyutpatti bhI isa prakAra dI gaI hai ki 'ni' pUrvaka 'iNa gatau' dhAtu se karaNa artha meM 'gha' pratyaya karane para 'nyAya' zabda siddha hotA hai| 'nitarAmiyate jJAyate'rtho'neneti nyAya: arthaparicchedakopAyo nyAyaH ityarthaH sa ca pramANanayAtmaka eva' arthAt nizcaya se jisake dvArA padArtha jAne jAte haiM vaha nyAya hai aura vaha pramANa eva naya rUpa hI hai kyoMki unake dvArA padArthoM kA jJAna kiyA jAtA hai ataeva jainadarzana meM pramANa aura naya nyAya haiN| pAstra meM pramANa, pramANAmAsa aura nava nyAya ke ukta svarUpa ke anusAra tasvArthasatra meM pramANa aura naya donoM kA pratipAdana upalabdha hai| tatvArthasUtrakAra ne spaSTa kahA hai ki pramANa aura nayoM ke dvArA padArthoM kA yathArtha jJAna hotA hai / yathA - pramANAvyaradhigamaH / isase spaSTa hai ki tatvArthasUtra meM jahA~ dharma aura darzana kA pratipAdana kiyA gayA hai vahA~ usameM pramANa aura naya rUpa nyAya kA bhI pratipAdana hai| "prAcArya, bI digambara jaina pAcArya saMskRta kaoNleja, vIrodayanagara, sAMgAnera (rAjasthAna) Page #113 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ jainadarzana ke cintana kI pUrva paramparA tIrthakaroM kI dezanA se jur3I hai, jisakA sarvaprathama upalabdha rUpa AgamoM meM dekhA jA sakatA hai| una AgamoM se lekara aba taka pramANa kA vivecana jJAna-mImAMsA ke antargata kiyA jAtA rahA hai| jisakA bAdhAra saiddhAntika rahA hai isa saiddhAntika Agamika paramparA meM AtmA ko sarvAdhika mahatva diyA gayA aura use jJAna rUpa svIkAra kiyA gyaa| karmabandhana se mukta hone para prakaTa hue AtmA ke pUrNa vizuddha svarUpa ko kevalajJAna kA gyaa| dArzanika yuga meM isa jJAna kI prasiddhi pAramArthika pratyakSa ke rUpa meM bhI huI aura pUrNa pramANatA isI meM siddha kI gii| daraasala pramANa, naya Adi ke dArzanika zailI meM vivecana se pUrva inake vikAsa kA pramukha AdhAra jJAna kA vivecana AtmA kI kramika vizuddhatA ko kendrabindu banAkara Agamika zailI meM kiyA jAnA hai| karmabandha AtmA kA jJAna jitane aMzoM meM AtmasApekSa hokara prakaTa hotA hai aura jitane aMzoM meM indriya sApekSa hokara prakaTa hotA hai, usI ke AdhAra para utane hI aMzoM meM usakI kramika prAmANikatA kA nirNaya kiyA jAtA hai| pramANa ke bheda nirdhAraNa karane meM bhI yahI saiddhAntika mAnyatA AdhAra banI / sAmAnya rUpa se jJAnamImAMsA aura pramANamImAMsA ko 'eka hI sikke ke do pahalU' ke rUpa meM dekhA jAtA hai, parantu usameM thoDA antara hai aura vaha antara sImAoM kA hai Agamika paramparA meM jJAna kI mImAMsA mokSamArga ko kendrabindu mAnakara hotI rahI, jabaki pramANamImAMsA kA kSetra mokSamArga ke sAtha sampUrNa vastu jagat taka vistRta ho gayA / jJAna AtmA kA guNa hone ke kAraNa usakA AtmA ke sAtha ekatva sthApita kara jJAnamImAMsA ke antargata svabhAva aura vibhAva ke rUpa meM tattvajJAna kA pratipAdana kiyA gyaa| vastu ke para nirapekSa rUpa svabhAva aura para sApekSa rUpa vibhAva ko jyoM kA jAnane kA jJAna kA kArya mAnA gayA aura jyoM kA tyoM na jAnakara svabhAva ko vibhAvarUpa evaM vibhAva ko svabhAvarUpa jAnane vAle jJAna ko mithyA kahA gyaa| vyavahAra meM asatya hote hue bhI mithyAdRSTi kA jJAna mokSamArgopayogI na hone ke kAraNa mithyA kahA gayA / dArzanika yuga meM ukta vyavasthA mokSamArga taka sImita na rahakara bAhya artha ke pratibhAsa ke anusAra sampUrNa tattvoM ke adhigama ke lie vistRta ho gaI hai| Agamika yuga meM jo prayojana samyaktva aura mithyAtva ke dvArA pUrNa kiyA jAtA thA, dArzanika yuga meM vahI prayojana prAya: pramANa aura apramANa dvArA pUrNa kiyA jAne lgaa| jJAta ho ki jaina vidvAnoM ne jainadarzana ke sAhityika vikAsa ko cAra yugoM meM vibhakta kiyA hai vikrama pAMcavIM zatI taka AThavIM zatI taka satrahavIM zata taka Adhunika samaya paryanta 1. Agama yuga 2. anekAnta vyavasthA yuga 3. pramANa vyavasthA yuga 4. navIna nyAya yuga : : : uparyukta kAla vibhAjana kI dRSTi se digambara paramparA ke Agama yuga ke AcArya kundakunda taka jJAna, naya Adi kA vivecana pAyA jAtA hai, parantu pramANa kA vivecana nahIM pAyA jaataa| kundakunda ne zaurasenI prAkRtabhASA meM likhe apane granthoM meM sampUrNa vivecana heya, upAdeya aura jJeya kI dRSTi se kiyA hai| heya aura upAdeya ke vivecana ke lie unhoMne nizcaya aura vyavahAra naya kA Azraya liyA hai tathA jJeya dRSTi se vivecana hetu dravyArthika aura paryAyArthika naya kA Azraya liyA hai / zvetAmbara paramparA ke AgamoM meM jJAna ke svatantra vivecana ke sAtha pramANa ko bhI svatantra vivecanA kI gaI hai| jJAna ke meva kundakunda evaM unase pUrva kI Agamika paramparA meM svabhAva, vibhAva, samyak, mithyA Adi jJAna ke prakAroM kI Page #114 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ poM ke sAtha 'mANANuvAdeNa mayi madiaNNANI sudaaNNANI vibhaMgaNANI abhiNibohiyaNANI suvaNAlI mohiNANI maNapajjavaNANI kevalapANI di' ke rUpa meM jJAna kI apekSA matiajJAna, zrutaajJAna, vimaMgavAna, abhiniyodhikamAna, buvajJAna, avadhijJAna, mana:paryayajJAna aura kevalajJAna ina ATha jJAnoM kA ullekha milatA hai| inameM Adi ke tIna zAna mithyAjJAna aura antima pAMca zAna sampazAna haiN| zAnoM ke ye sabhI bheda jJAnAvaraNa karma ke kSayopazama yA kSaya se utpanna hone vAle prAna kI avasthAmoM kA nirUpaNa hai| mAnoM kA pramANoM meM vIkaraNa dArzanika yuga meM uparyukta Agamika cintana ko AdhAra mAnakara tatkAlIna paristhitiyoM ke sAtha sAmaMjasya sthApana hetu kevalajJAna ko pUrNa pratyakSa mAnA hI gayA, vyAvahArika dRSTi se indriyajanya jJAnoM ko bhI pratyakSa kahA gayA hai| isa carcA kA sarvaprathama pramANa ke sandarbha meM sUtrazailI meM sUtrapAta karane vAle, Agamika cintana ke antima AcArya kundakunda ke pazcAt hue umAsvAti hai| inake samaya taka jainadarzana ke kSetra me dharma aura darzana ko vivecita karane vAlA koI svatantra saMskRta bhASA meM sUtra grantha upalabdha nahIM thaa| usa samaya jainetara darzanoM meM saMskRta bhASA meM dArzanika grantha, bhASya evaM sUtra granya Adi bhI likhe jA rahe the| umAsvAti ne jaina vAGmaya meM usa kamI ko pUrNakara sarvaprathama saMskRta bhASA meM tattvArthasUtra nAmaka sUtragrantha kA praNayana kiyaa| isa grantha meM unhoMne jainadharma aura darzana kA sAra sUtra rUpa meM nibaddha karake prathamabAra jJAnavarSA ko pramANa carcA ke sAtha jor3akara pramANa ke bhedAdi kA spaSTa pratipAdana kiyaa| unhoMne jIvAdi padArthoM ke jJAna ke lie pramANa aura naya ko Avazyaka batAkara mati, zruta Adi pAMca jJAnoM ko pramANa kahA aura unakA pratyakSa pramANa tathA paroSa pramANa ke rUpa meM vibhAjana bhI kiyaa| inameM matijJAna aura zrutajJAna parokSapramANa mAne gaye evaM antima tIna avadhijJAna, mana:paryayajJAna aura kevalajJAna pratyakSa pramANa / matijJAna, zrutajJAna aura avadhijJAna mithyA bhI mAne gye| indriya aura mana ke nimitta se hone vAle matijJAna ko smRti saMjJA, cintA aura abhinibodha nAmoM se bhI pukArA gyaa| avagraha, IhA, avAya aura dhAraNA ye cAra bheda karake inake bahu, bahuvidha Adi aneka avAntara bheda bhI kiye gye| matijJAna pUrvaka hone vAle zrutajJAna ko do prakAra, aneka prakAra aura bAraha prakAra kA batAyA gayA / bhavapratyaya aura mAyopazama nimittaka ke bheda se avadhijJAna ke do bheda kiye gaye aura mana:paryaya jJAna bhI Rjumati aura vipulamati ke bheda se do prakAra kA mAnA gayA / kundakunda taka jahA~ eka ora Atma-sApekSa kevalajJAna ko pratyakSajJAna kahA jAtA thA, tasvArthasUtrakAra ne vahIM AtmasApekSatA ke antargata avadhi, manaHparyaya aura kevalajJAna ko mAnakara pratyakSa pramANa kahA evaM jo para sApekSa jJAna mati, zruta, avadhi aura mana:paryaya parokSajJAna mAne jAte the, unameM se unhoMne mati aura zrutajJAna ko hI parokSa pramANa maanaa| tattvArthasUtrakAra kA yaha cintana ApAtataH Agamika paramparA se alaga-sA pratIta hotA hai, vastutaH vaisA hai nhiiN| Agamika paramparA meM pratyakSatva aura parokSatva jJAnoM kA kiyA gayA hai jabaki tattvArthasUtrakAra ne yaha vibheda pramANoM kA kiyA hai| Agamika paramparA meM jJAnoM kA pratyakSatva aura parokSatva viSayAdhigama ke krama aura akrama para nirbhara karatA hai vahI tasvArthasUtrakAra kI dRSTi jJAna ke kAraNoM kA sApekSatA aura nirapekSatA para AdhArita hai| disambara Agamika sAhitya meM paMcajJAnoM kI vistRta carcA kI gaI hai, parantu unakA pramANoM meM vargIkaraNa prApta nahIM hotaa| zvetAmbara Agama granthoM meM pramANoM kA spaSTa ullekha kiyA gayA hai| kundakunda ne AtmA kI zuddhatA aura azuddhatA ko amAna meM rakhakara zAna ke svabhAva jJAna aura vibhAvajJAna ke rUpa meM do bheda kiye| unhoMne karmopAdhi se rahita jJAna ko svabhAvajAla tathA karmopAdhi se yukta jJAna ko vibhAva kahA hai| svabhAvajJAna kevalajJAna hai |yhii pratyakSajJAna hai| vibhAvajJAna Page #115 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ parApekSA hAliepakha hai| pratyakSa aura parokSa rUpa meM jJAna ke do bheda karake kundakunda ne unakI spaSTa vyAkhyA prastuta kii| parokSa jJAna ke antargata kundakunda ne avagraha, IhA Adi jJAnoM ko rakhA anyatra unhoMne matijJAna ke upalabdhi mAnanA aura upayoga tathA zrutajJAna ke labdhi-bhAvanA, upayoga aura naya bheda kiye haiN| kundakunda ne isa prakAra jJAna ke bhedoM-pratyakSa aura parokSa kI carcA karake bhI pramANa kI koI carcA nahIM kI, parantu paravartI dArzanikoM ke lie pramANa ke sandarbha meM kundakunda kI zAna parcA ho mAdhAra bnii| tatsvArthasUtrakAra ne mati aura zrutajJAna ko parokSa pramANa aura avadhi, manaHparyaya aura kevalajJAna ko pratyakSa pramANa kahakara pramANa cintana ke kSetra meM navIna dRSTikoNa prastuta kiyaa| samIkSaka vidvAnoM kI dRSTi meM tasvArthasUtrakAra dvArA ukta pratipAdana anya darzanoM ke pramANa nirUpaNa ke sAtha mela baiThAne aura Agamika samanvaya ke lie thaa| mati, smRti, saMjJA, pratyabhijJAna, cintA, tarka aura abhinibodha- anumAna ko matijJAna ke antargata pramANAntara mAnakara unheM parokSapramANa kahA gyaa| sabhI jaina tArkikoM ke lie unakA yaha vibhAga pramANa bheda kA AdhAra siddha huaa| DaoN. koThiyA samantabhadra ke pramANa vibhAga ko tatvArthasUtrakAra ke pramANavibhAga se bhinna mAnate hue likhate haiM ki svAmI samantabhadra ne pramANa (kevalajJAna) kA svarUpa yugapatsarvabhAsI tatvajJAna batAkara aise jJAna ko akramabhAvI aura kramaza: alpaparicchedI jJAna ko kramabhAvI kahakara pramANa ko do bhAgoM meM vibhakta kiyA hai| samantabhadra ke ina do bhedoM meM jahA~ akramabhAvi mAtra kevala hai aura kamabhAvi mati, zruta, avadhi aura mana:paryaca ye cAra jJAna haiN| vahA~ gRddhapiccha ke pratyakSa aura parokSa ina do pramANa bhedoM meM pratyakSa to avadhi, mana:paryaya aura kevalajJAna ye tIna jJAna hai tathA parokSa mati aura zruta ye do jJAna iSTa haiN| pramANa bhedoM kI ina dono vicAradhArAoM me vastubhUta koI antara nahI hai| gaddhapiccha kA nirUpaNa jahA~ jAna kAraNoM kI sApekSatA aura nirapekSatA para AdhRta hai vahA~ samantabhadra kA pratipAdana viSayAdhigama ke krama aura akrama para nirbhara hai| padArthoM -jJeyoM kA krama se hone vAlA jJAna kramabhAvi aura yugapat hone vAlA akramabhAvi pramANa hai| lagatA hai samantabhadra ne pramANa ke sandarbha meM tatvArthasatrakAra kA anukaraNa karane kA bharasaka prayatna kiyA hai, para jo Agamika pratIta nahIM huA usa para unhoMne apanA sAmAnya vicAra abhivyakta kara diyaa| tattvArthasUtrakAra ne mati, zruta, avadhi, mana:paryaya aura kevalajJAna ko pramANa khaa| samantabhadra ne bhI mati Adi cAra jJAnoM ke nAmollekha kiye binA sabhI ko pramANa kamI hai unake anusAra eka sAtha sabhI ke avabhAsana rUpa, tattvajJAna, jise kevalajJAna kahA gayA hai, pramANa hai| tattvArthasUtrakAra bhI kevalajJAna ko pramANa batAkara use sabhI dravyoM kI sabhI paryAyoM ko eka sAtha jAnane vAlA kahA hai| samantabhadra kI dRSTi meM anya jJAna kramabhAvI bhI pramANa hai| tatvArthasUtrakAra bhI krama se hone vAlI mati Adi cAra jJAnoM ko pramANa mAnate haiN| unhoMne prathama do zAnoM ko parokSa aura antima tIna zAnoM ko pratyakSa pramANa ke rUpa meM pramANa ke do bheda kiye haiM, isakA bheda karanA samantabhadra ne tattvanirNAyakoM para chor3a diyaa| unhoMne sAmAnyarUpa se jAnoM ke pramANa hone kI sthiti kI vivecanA kii| saMkSepa meM yaha pratiphalita hotA hai ki samansabhana kI dRSTi meM pramANa ke do bheda haiM - 1. yugapatsarvabhAsana rUpa tatvajJAna - kevalajJAna aura 2. syAdvAda-naya se saMskRta kramamAvI bhAna 1 ___ uparyukta vivecana se spaSTa hai ki tasvArthasUtrakAra ke pratyakSa aura parokSa pramANoM ke antargata mati Adi jJAnoM ke vibhAjana viSayaka avadhAraNA ke anukaraNa kI spaSTokti samantabhadra kI vyAkhyA ke prasaGga meM akalaMka kI dRSTi bhI manuttarita pratIta hotI hai| samantabhadra ke sabhI vyAkhyAkAroM ke dRSTikoNa ke AdhAra para yaha kahA jA sakatA hai ki unakA Page #116 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ samantabhadra ke yugapatsarvabhAsana rUpa tattvajJAna - kevalajJAna kI pratyakSa pramANa aura spAdvAdanavasaMskRta kramamAvIzAna ko parokSapramANa mAnanA abhISTa hai| anumAna ke (paka, tumAra gdAharaNa) tIna avayavoM se siddhi tattvArthasUtra meM kucha siddhAntoM kI siddhi anumAna (yukti) se kI gaI hai| unhoMne anumAnaprayoga ke tIna avayavoMpakSa, hetu aura udAharaNa se mati, zruta aura avadhi ina tIna jJAnoM ke viparyaya (apramANa-pramANAbhAsa) siddha karate hue pratipAdana kiyA hai 1. pakSa - matizrusAvadhayo viparyayazca, 2. hetu - sadasatoravizeSAdyavRcchopalabdheH, 3. udAharaNa - unmattavat / arthAt mati, zruta aura avadhi ye tIna jJAna viparyaya (mithyA - apramANa-pramANAbhAsa) bhI haiM, kyoMki unake dvArA sat (samIcIna) aura asat (asamIcIna) kA bheda na kara svecchA se upalabdhi hotI hai, jaise unmatta (pAgala puruSa) kA jJAna / unmatta vyakti viveka na rakhakara mAtA ko strI aura strI ko mAtA kaha detA hai / usI prakAra mati, zruta aura avadhi (vibhaMga) zAna bhI sat-asat kA bheda na kara kabhI kAcakAmalAdi ke vaza vastu kA viparIta (anyathA) jJAna karA dete haiN| ata: ye tIna jJAna mithyAjJAna bhI kahe jAte hai| tattvArthasUtrakAra ke isa pratipAdana se spaSTa hai ki tattvArthasUtra me nyAyazAstra bhI samAhita hai| sabase mahattvapUrNa bAta yaha hai ki unake samaya meM tIna hI anumAnAvayava vastu-siddhi meM pracalita the, upanaya aura nigamana ko anumAnAvaya svIkAra nahIM kiyA jAtA thA yA unakA jaina saskRti me vikAsa nahIM huA thaa| tattvArthasUtrakAra ke uttaravartI AcArya samantabhadra ne bhI 'devAgama' (AptamImAMsA) meM ukta tIna avayavoM se hI aneka sthalo para vastu-siddhi kI hai| nyAyAvatArakAra siddhasena ne bhI anumAna ke tIna hI avayavoM kA pratipAdana kiyA hai| tattvArthasUtrakAra kA tIna avayavoM se vastu-siddhi kA dUsarA udAharaNa aura yahA~ prastuta hai| tattvArthasUtra ke dazaveM adhyAya meM tIna sUtroM dvArA mukta jIva ke Urdhvagamana ko sayuktika siddha karate hue tattvArthasUtrakAra ne likhA hai - 1. pakSa - tadanantaraM (muktaH) Urdhva gcchtyaalokaantaat|| 2. hetu - pUrvaprayogAt, asaMgatvAt, bandhacchedAt, tathAgatipariNAmAcca / 3. udAharaNa - AviddhakulAlacakravat, vyapagatalepAlavuvat, eraNDabIjavat, agnizikhAvacca / arthAt dravyakoM aura bhAvakoM se chUTa jAne ke bAda mukta jIva loka ke antaparyanta Upara ko jAtA hai, kyoMki usakA Upara jAne kA pahale kA abhyAsa hai, koI saMga (parigraha) nahIM hai, karmabandhana naSTa ho gayA hai aura usakA Upara jAne kA svabhAva hai| jaise kumhAra kA cAka, leparahita tUmarI, eraNDakA bIja aura agni kI jvaalaa| mukta-jIva ke Urdhvagamana ko siddha karane ke lie sUtrakAra ne cAra hetu diye aura unake samarthana ke lie cAra udAharaNa bhI prastuta kiye haiN| isa taraha anumAna se siddhi yA vivecana karanA nyAyazAstra kA abhidheya hai yadyapi sAdhyAvinAbhAvI eka hetu hI vivakSita artha kI siddhi ke lie paryApta hai, use siddha karane ke lie aneka hetuoM kA prayoga aura unake samarthana ke lie aneka hetuoM kA prapoga aura unake samarthana ke lie aneka udAharaNoM kA pratipAdana anAvazyaka hai, kintu usa yuga meM nyAyazAstra kA itanA Page #117 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ tatvArtha vikAsa nahIM huA thA, vaha to uttarakAla meM huA hai / isI se akalaMka, vidyAnanda, mANikyamandi Adi nyAzAstra ke AcAryo-ne sAdhya (vivacita artha) kI siddhi ke lie pakSa bIra hetu ina donoM ko anumAna kA aMga mAnA hai, udAharaNa ko bhI unhoMne nahIM mAnA - use anAvazyaka batalAyA hai tAtparya yaha ki tattvArthasUtrakAra ke kAla meM parokSa arthoM kI siddhi ke lie nyAya (pukti- anumAna) ko Agamana ke sAtha nirNaya-sAdhana mAnA jAne lagA thaa| yahI kAraNa hai ki unake kucha hI kAla bAda hue svAmI samantabhadra ne yukti aura zAstra donoM ko artha ke yathArtha prarUpaNa ke lie Avazyaka batalAyA hai| unhoMne yahA~ taka kahA hai ki vIrajina isalie Apta haiM, kyoMki unakA upadeza yukti aura zAstra se avirUddha hai / tattvArthasUtra ke ukta vivecana se spaSTa hai ki usameM nyAyazAstra ke bIja samAhita haiM, jinakA uttarakAla meM adhika vikAsa huA hai| tattvArthasUtra ke pA~caveM adhyAya ke pandraha aura solahaveM sUtroM dvArA jIvoM kA lokAkAza ke asaMkhyAtaveM bhAga se lekara sampUrNa lokAkAza meM avagAha pratipAdana kiyA gayA hai| yaha pratipAdana bhI anumAna ke ukta tIna avayavoM dvArA huA hai / pandrahavAM sUtra pakSa ke rUpa meM aura solahavA sUtra hetu tathA udAharaNa ke rUpa meM prayukta hai| jIvoM kA avagAha lokAkAza asaMkhyAtaveM bhAga se lekara sampUrNa lokAkAza meM hai, kyoMki unameM pradezoM kA sahAra (sakoca) aura visarpa (vistAra) hotA hai, jaise pradIpa / dIpaka ko jaisA Azraya milatA hai usI prakAra usakA prakAza ho jAtA hai| isI taraha jIvo ko bhI jaisA Azraya prApta hotA hai vaise hI ve usame samavyApta ho jAte haiN| sat meM utpAda, vyaya aura prauvya kI siddhi - dravya kA lakSaNa tattvArthasUtra meM AgamAnusAra utpAda, vyaya aura dhauvya kI yuktatA ko batalAyA hai| yahA~ prazna uThatA hai ki utpAda, vyaya anityatA (Ane jAne) rUpa hai aura dhauvya (sthiratA) nityatA rUpa hai| ye donoM (anityatA aura nityatA) eka hI sat meM kaise raha sakate haiM ? isakA uttara sUtrakAra ne hetu kA prayoga karake diyA hai| unhoMne kahA ki mukhya (vivakSita) aura gauNa (avivakSita) kI apekSA se una donoM kI eka hI sat meM siddhi hotI hai| dravyAMza kI vivakSA karane para usameM nityatA aura paryAyAza kI apekSA se kathana karane para anityatA kI siddhi hai| isa prakAra yukti pUrvaka sat ko utpAda vyaya-dhauvya rUpa bhayAtmaka yA anekAntAtmaka siddha kiyA gayA hai| nama - pramANa kI vivecanA ke uparAnta nyAya ke dUsare aMga naya kA pratipAdana bhI tatvArthasUtrakAra ne sakSipta me kahA hai parantu jinAgama ke marma ko samajhane ke lie nayoM kA svarUpa samajhanA Avazyaka hI nahIM, anivArya hai kyoMki samasta jinAgama nayoM kI bhASA meM hI nibaddha hai| nayoM ke samajhe binA jinAgama kA marma jAna pAnA to bahuta dUra, usameM praveza bhI sambhava nahIM hai| nigama ke abhyAsa meM sampUrNa jIvana lagA dene vAle vidvajjana bhI nayoM ke samyak prayoga se aparicita hone ke kAraNa jaba jinAgama ke marma taka nahIM pahu~ca pAte taba sAmAnya jana kI to bAta hI kyA kahanA ? kahA hai ki - 'je yadidvivihInA tANeNa vatthUsahAvaDavaladdhi / vatsahAvavihUNA sammAdiTThI kaha~ huti // ' jo vyakti naya dRSTi se vihIna hai, unheM vastusvarUpa kA sahI jJAna nahIM ho sakatA aura vastusvarUpa ko nahIM jAnane vAle samyagdRSTi kaise ho sakate haiM ? Page #118 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ tasvArthasUtrakAra ne prakArAntara se kundakunda kA anukaraNa kara padArtha ke adhigama ke lie pramANa aura mayoM Avazyaka mAnA / unhoMne mayoM aura una saba bhedoM kA bhI nirUpaNa kiyA hai, jo dravyArthika aura paryAyArthika ina do mUla mayoM meM antarbhUta haiN| unakI dRSTi meM naigama, saMgraha, vyavahAra, RjusUtra, zabda, samabhirUTa aura evaMbhUta ye sAta naya haiN| isameM prathama tIna dravya ko viSaya karane ke kAraNa dravyArthika aura Rjusatra Adi antima tIna paryAya ko viSaya karane ke kAraNa paryAyArSika mAne jA sakate haiN| sambhavata: isI abhiprAya ko dhyAna meM rakhakara 'mugaparyamavayam' isa sUtra kA.sajana tasvArthasUtrakAra ne naya kA svarUpa batAne ke lie koI pRthaka sUtra to nahIM banAyA hai parantu ukta sAta bhedoM kA pratipAdana kara uttaravartI AcAryoM ke liye mArgadarzana jarUra diyA hai| pUjya muni zrI pramANasAgara jI mahArAja ne ina sAta nayoM ke sambandha meM jainatatvavidyA meM nayoM kI upayogitA evaM udAharaNa dekara sAta nayoM kI sUkSmatA kA pratipAdana kisa prakAra kiyA hai so dRSTavya hai - vastubodha kI ananta dRSTiyoM kA sAta dRSTiyoM meM vargIkaraNa karane ke kAraNa naya sAta hI mAne gae haiN| yaha varNana pUrNa rUpa se vyAvahArika hai aura isake dvArA jagat kA vyavahAra samyak rUpa se saMcAlita ho sakatA hai| isa prakAra, ina sAta nayoM ke dvArA jagata kA samasta vyavahAra saMcAlita hotA hai| inameM Adi ke cAra naya ko artha naya kahate haiM, kyoMki ye arthAtmaka padArtha kA vicAra karate hai| zabda, samabhirUDha aura ekbhUta ye lIna naya zabda naya haiN| zabdanaya zabdAtmaka padArthoM para vicAra karatA hai| ina sAtoM nayoM ke viSaya uttarottara sUkSma-sUkSma haiN| nayoM kI viSayagata sUkSmatA ko isa udAharaNa se sugamatA se samajhAyA jA sakatA hai| ___koI vyakti ghara se pUjana karane ke lie mandira kI ora jA rahA hai, use dekhakara kahanA ki pujArI jI mandira jA rahe haiM, maigama naya kA viSaya hai, mandira pahuMcakara pUjA yogya dravya kA saMgraha karate hue vyakti ko pujArI kahanA zahabaya kA viSaya hai| pUjA yogya samasta dravyoM kA vargIkaraNa/vibhAjana karate vakta usa vyakti ko pujArI kahanA vyavahAra naya kA viSaya hai| pUjA kI kriyA meM pravRtta vyakti ko pujArI kahanA RjusUtranaya kA viSaya hai| zabda naya zabdAtmaka padArtha kA vicAra karatA hai| usa naya kI dRSTi se pUjA karane vAle vyakti ko pujArI kahA jA sakatA hai, pujArita nahIM, use upAsaka, arcaka, ArAdhaka Adi vibhinna zabdoM se sambodhita kiyA jA sakatA hai, para puruSa ko strIvAcI zabdoM se nahIM, eka vyakti ko bahuvacana meM nahIM, vartamAna kAla kI bAta ko atIta aura anAgata ke artha meM nhiiN| samabhirUDha naya zabda naya se bhI sUkSma hai| isa naya kI dRSTi meM pujArI kA artha pUjA karane vAlA hai| yadyapi pUjA karane vAloM ko upAsaka, ArAdhaka, pUjaka, arcaka Adi anya nAmoM se bhI sambodhita kiyA jA sakatA hai, lekina samabhirUDha naya zabda ke paryAyavAcI zabdoM ko na svIkAra kara pratyeka zabda ke pradhAna artha ko hI grahaNa karatA hai / evaMbhUtanaya kA viSaya sabase sUkSma hai, isa naya ke anusAra pUjA karane vAlA pujArI kahA jA sakatA hai, para tabhI jaba vaha pUjA kI kriyA kara rahA hai| dukAna calAte vakta vaha vyakti vyApArI kahalAegA, pujArI nhiiN| yaha naya bhinna-bhinna kriyA kI apekSA bhinna-bhinna nAma detA hai| isa prakAra ye sAtoM nayoM ke viSaya yadyapi eka-dUsare se bhinna dikhAI par3ate haiM, phira bhI ye eka-dUsare ke virodhI na hokara paripUraka haiM, kyoMki eka naya-dUsare naya ke viSaya ko gauNa to karatA hai, para usakA nirAkaraNa nahIM krtaa| eka viSaya ko mukhya-gauNa bhAva se svIkAra karane vAle naya sumaya tathA paraspara virodhI naya durvaya kahalAte haiN| isa prakAra satyAsatrakAra ne pramANa-naya kI vivecanA kara uttaravartI AcAryoM ko mArgadarzana to kiyA hI hai sAtha meM Agama vyavasthA kA bhI samanvaya kiyA hai| Page #119 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ tatvArthasUci jIva ke asAdhAraNa bhAvoM kI vivecanA " Adhunika sandarbha meM * DA. kamalezakumAra jaina jisa loka meM hama nivAsa karate haiM, vaha loka chaha dravyoM se ThasAThasa bharA hai| ve chaha dravya haiM- jIva, pudgala, dharma, adharma, AkAza aura kAla / inameM jIva dravya cetana rUpa hai, aura zeSa pA~ca dravya acetana rUpa / yadyapi chahoM dravyoM kI sattA pRthak-pRthak hai aura una sabake kArya bhI svatantra haiM tathApi sabhI dravya paraspara sApekSa aura eka dUsare se sambaddha haiN| ina chahoM dravyoM meM jIva dravya pramukha hai, kyoMki vahI pudgala dravya ke nimitta se svakarmAnusAra zarIra, vANI, mana aura zvAsocchvAsa tathA svarga-narakAdi meM jAkara sAMsArika sukha, duHkha, jIvana aura maraNa prApta karatA hai,' kintu una sabakA upAdAna kAraNa to jIva hI hai| bhavya jIva apane puruSArtha se pudgala dravya rUpa karmo se chuTakArA pAkara mokSa kI prApti bhI kara sakatA hai| - bhAratIya darzanoM meM jIva aura AtmA - donoM ekArthavAcI hai| jainazAstroM meM jIva kA lakSaNa upayogamaya kahA gayA hai|' yaha upayoga do prakAra kA hai - jJAnopayoga aura darzanopayoga / arthAt jIva meM jAnane aura dekhane kI zakti hai| isa jIva meM pA~ca bhAva pAye jAte haiM- aupazamika, kSAyika, mizra ( kSAyopazamika), audayika aura paarinnaamik| ye jIva ke svatattva / nijabhAva hai| inameM se prathama cAra bhAva karmasApekSa haiM, kyoMki inameM karmo kI bhUmikA nirvivAda hai| jaise avamaka bhAva meM karmoM kI upazama rUpa sthiti, kSAyikabhAva meM karmoM kI kSaya rUpa sthiti, kSAyopazamika bhAva meM kucha karmoM kI kSaya aura kucha karmoM kI upazama rUpa mizra sthiti tathA audayika bhAva meM karmoM kI udaya rUpa sthiti rahatI hai| kintu jIva ke paJcama pAriNAmika bhAvoM athavA svAbhAvika bhAvoM athavA jinheM hama asAdhAraNa bhAva bhI kaha sakate haiM, meM karmoM kI kisI bhI prakAra kI bhUmikA nahIM rahatI hai| ataH ye bhAva jIva ke svatantra athavA karma nirapekSa bhAva haiM / ye pA~coM bhAva jIva dravya meM hI pAye jAte haiM, anya pA~ca dravyoM, yathA- pudgala, dharma, adharma, AkAza aura kAla rUpa dravyoM meM nahIM / ataH ye pA~coM bhAva sApekSa dRSTi se jIva ke asAdhAraNa bhAva haiM / sAMkhyadarzana aura vedAntadarzana AtmA ko kUTastha nitya mAnate haiM tathA usameM koI parivartana nahIM mAnate haiM / sAMkhyadarzana to jJAna, sukha, duHkha Adi pariNamanoM ko prakRti ke hI mAnatA hai| vaizeSika, naiyAyika aura mImAMsaka jJAna Adi ko AtmA kA guNa mAnate haiM, kintu ve bhI AtmA ko apariNamanazIla mAnate haiN| bauddha AtmA ko pUrNa rUpeNa kSaNika arthAt bhAvoM kA pravAha mAtra mAnate haiM - yat kSaNikaM tat sat / kintu jainadarzana kA siddhAnta hai ki jisa prakAra prAkRtika 1. zarIravAGmana: prANApAnA: pudgalAnAm / sukhaduHkhajIvitamaraNopagrahAzca / ta. sU. 5/19-20 2. upayogo lakSaNam / tasvArthasUtra 2/8 3. avatarfast bhAvo vizva jIvasya svatastvamaudayikapAriNAmikau ca / ta. sU2/1 * bhavana, bI. 2/249, lena naM. 14, ravIndrapurI, vArANasI- 221005 phona naM. 0542- 2315323 Page #120 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ 64 jar3a padArtha na to sarvathA nitya hai aura na hI sarvathA kSaNika arthAt anitya hai, apitu unameM nityatA aura anityatA - ye donoM dharma (guNa) sApekSadRSTi se eka sAtha pAye jAte haiM, vaise hI AtmA (jIva) eka sAtha livya aura anityaM parigamana rUpa hai| ataH jJAna-sukha Adi pariNAma AtmA (jIva) ke hI haiM aura AtmA ke pariNAmoM kI hI bhinna-bhinna avasthAe~ usake bhAva haiN| ye bhAva pA~ca prakAra ke hote haiM- aupazamika, kSAyika, kSAyopazamika (mizra) audayika aura pAriNAmika / aupazamika bhAva - AtmA meM karma kI nija zakti kA kAraNa vizeSa se prakaTa na honA upazama hai aura yaha upazama kevala mohanIyakarma kA hotA hai| ataH mohanIya karma ke upazama se AtmA meM hone vAle bhAva aupazamika bhAva haiN| kSAyikabhAva - karmoM ke Atyantika kSaya ho jAne para AtmA meM hone vAle bhAva kSAyika bhAva haiN| kSAyopazamika (mizra) bhAva kucha karmoM kA kSaya hone aura kucha karmoM kA upazama hone para AtmA meM hone vAle mile bhAva kSAyopazamika arthAt mizra bhAva haiN| teau bhAva - dravya, kSetra, kAla aura bhAva ke nimitta se karmoM ke udaya meM Ane para hone vAle AtmA ke bhAva audayika bhAva haiN| ina cAroM bhAvoM ke sandarbha meM yaha kahA jA sakatA hai ki yataH AtmA amUrtika hai, ataH amUrtika ke sAtha mUrta pudgala karmoM kA bandhana sambhava nahIM hai, ataeva tat tat rUpa bhAvoM kA honA bhI nahIM banatA hai| kintu isakA samAdhAna yaha hai ki manekAnta se pratyeka avasthA meM AtmA amUrtika nahIM hai| apitu saMsArAvasthA meM AtmA karmabandhana rUpa paryAya kI apekSA se kathaJcit mUrtika hai aura muktAvasthA meM zuddha svarUpa kI apekSA AtmA kathaJcit amUrtika hai / pAriNAmika bhAva - karmoM kI apekSA ke binA hI AtmA meM svAbhAvika rUpa se hone vAle bhAva pAriNAmika bhAva haiN| yahA~ para yaha bAta dhyAtavya hai ki AtmA cAhe saMsArI ho yA mukta, kintu usameM uparyukta pA~coM bhAvo meM se koI na koI bhAva avazya pAyA jaayegaa| jaise sabhI mukta jIvoM meM kSAyika aura pAriNAmika - ye do bhAva niyama se pAye jAte haiN| usI prakAra saMsArI jIvoM meM bhI koI tIna bhAvoM vAlA, koI cAra bhAvoM vAlA aura koI pA~coM bhAvoM vAlA jIva hotA hai| eka yA do bhAvoM vAlA koI bhI saMsArI jIva nahIM hai| jo sasArI bhavya jIva upazama zreNI para ArUr3ha hai usa kSAyika samyagdRSTi ke pA~coM bhAva hote haiN| jo upazama samyagdRSTi hai usake kSAyika bhAva ko chor3akara zeSa cAra bhAva hote haiN| saMsArI abhavya jIva ke kSAyopazamika, audayika aura pAriNAmika ye tIna bhAva hote haiN| aupazamika Adi prathama cAra bhAva karmoM ke upazama, kSaya, kSayopazama aura udaya kI apekSA aupazamika Adi saMjJA vAle haiM aura pariNamanazIla hone se mAtra paJcama bhAva pAriNAmika bhAva kahA jAtA hai| ye pAriNAmika bhAva karmoM kI apekSA nahIM rakhate haiM, apitu saMsArI nigodiyA jIba se lekara aSTa karmoM kA nAza karane vAle lokAgravAsI siddhoM ke bhI pAye jAte haiN| ina pAriNAmika bhAvoM kI prApti hetu kisI bAhya nimitta kI apekSA nahIM rahatI hai| ye bhAva jIva kI nijI yogyatA ke kAraNa hote haiN| yadyapi jIva meM astitva, kartRtva, bhoktRtva aura amUrtatva Adi anya bhI aneka karmanirapekSa pAriNAmika bhAva hai? 1. asAdhAraNAzcAstitvAnyatva kartRtvabhoktusvaparyAyayasvAsarvagatatvAnAdisantatibandhanabaddhatva pradezavatvArUpatvanityatvAdayaH / - tatvArthazlokavArtikAlaMkAra 2/7 vRtti Page #121 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ kintu jIva ke kAsAdhAraNa bhAva nahIM hai, kyoMki ye bhAva jIva ke atirikta anya granthoM meM bhI pAye jAte haiN| kintu jIvatva, bhavyatva saura abhavyatva - ye tIna pArivAmika bhAva jIvAtirikta anya dravyoM meM nahIM pAye jAte haiN| ata: sApekSa dRSTi se ye jIva ke asAdhArama bhAva haiN| nyAyavAva meM tIna prakAra ke doSa batalAye gaye haiM - avyApti, ativyApti aura asambhava / jo lakSaNa ina tIna doSoM se rahita ho vahI mANa nirdoSa lakSaNa kahA jAtA hai| yahA~ jIva ke jina jIvatva, bhavyatva aura abhabyatva- ina tIna bhAvoM ko pAriNAmika bhAva kahA gayA hai, unameM se eka mAtra jIvatva bhAva sabhI jIvoM meM pAyA jAtA hai, ataH joktva bhAva asAdhAraNa bhAva kahA jaayegaa| zeSa do bhavyatva aura abhavyatva bhAvoM meM se abhavyatva bhAva abhavya jIvoM meM pAyA jAtA hai aura bhavyatva bhAva bhavya jIvoM meM lokAgravAsI siddhoM meM na abhavyatva bhAva hai aura na bhavyatva bhAva / arthAta ve abhavyatva aura bhavyatva- ina donoM bhAvoM se rahita haiN| nyAyazAstra ke uparyukta binduoM ko dhyAna meM rakhakara yadi vicAra kiyA jAye to jIva ke tInoM pAriNAmika bhAva karma nirapekSa haiM, kintu asAdhAraNa bhAva nahIM haiN| apitu una tInoM meM se mAtra jIvatva bhAva hI asAdhAraNa bhAva ThaharatA hai| zeSa do pAriNAmika bhAva sampUrNa jIvarAzi meM na pAye jAne se avyApti doSa se grasita haiM, ata: inheM jIva ke pAriNAmika bhAva to kaha sakate haiM, kintu asAdhAraNa bhAva kadApi nahIM kahA jA sakatA hai| hA~, yaha avazya hai ki siddhoM meM bhavyatva bhAva ko bhUtanaya kI apekSA svIkAra kiyA jA sakatA hai, kintu abhavyatva bhAva ko to kisI bhI sthiti meM jIva kA asAdhAraNa bhAva svIkAra nahIM kiyA jA sakatA hai, kyoki vaha na to bhavyoM meM rahatA hai aura na siddhoM meN| apitu mAtra abhavya jIvoM meM rahatA hai| zrImannemicandra siddhAntideva ne - indriya, bala, Ayu aura zvAsocchvAsa - ina cAra prANoM ko tInoM kAloM meM dhAraNa karane vAle ko vyavahAra se jIva kahA hai aura nizcaya se jIva vaha hai, jisameM cetanA pAI jAye - NicchayaNayado du cedaNA jss| yahA~ cetanA kA artha jIvatva hI hai| kyoMki pA~ca indriyA~, mana, vacana aura kAya rUpa tIna bala tathA Ayu aura zvAsocchvAsa - ye dasa prANa sasArI jIva hI dhAraNa karate haiM, siddha bhagavAn nhiiN| middha bhagavAn meM to bhAvaprANa hI pAyA jAtA hai| isI kA aparanAma jIvatva rUpa pAriNAmika bhAva hai aura yahI jIva kA eka mAtra asAdhAraNa bhAva hai| kyoMki jIvatva bhAva vyApaka hai aura zeSa do bhAva vyaapy| jIva ke pUrvokta aupazamikAdi pA~coM bhAvoM ke kramaza: do, nau, aThAraha, ikkIsa aura tIna bheda haiN| isa prakAra jIva ke kula tirepana bhAva hote haiM, jinakA zAstroM meM vistAra se varNana kiyA gayA hai| jIva ke jIvatva, bhavyatva aura abhavyatva - ina tIna pAriNAmika bhAvoM meM se abhavya jIva ke jIvatva aura abhavyatva - ye do bhAva pAye jAte haiM aura bhavyajIva ke jIvatva aura bhavyatva - ye do bhAva pAye jAte haiM tathA mukta jIva ke kevala jIvatva bhAva pAyA jAtA hai| mukta jIvoM ke karmoM kA atyanta abhAva hone ke sAtha-sAtha anya kina-kina bhAvoM kA abhAva hotA hai, isako saSTa karate hue AcArya umAsvAmI ne likhA hai - 'mopalAmikAvibhavyAtyAnAMca" arthAt mukta jIboM ke aupazanika Adi bAra bhAvoM kA aura pAriNAmika bhAvoM meM se bhavyatva bhAva kA sarvathA abhAva ho jAtA hai| aura 1. vRhadravyasaMgraha, gAthA 3 2. samyaktvavAri mAnavamivAnalAbhabhoyopayogavIryANi ca / jJAnAzAnadarzanalabdhayazcatusvistripaJcabhedAH samyakasvacAritrasaMghamAsaMyamAzcA gatikavAyalimithyAvarzanAsAnAsaMyatAsiddhalezyAzcatu-zcatuvyakakaSaDbhedAH / jIvabhavyAbhavyatvAni ca / - tatvArthasUtra 2/2-1 3. tasvArthasUtra, 10/3. - Page #122 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ 66/ tatpArthanAmikaya abhavyasva bhAva to unake thA hI nahIM, ataH usake nAza hone kA prazna hI nahIM uThatA hai| isa prakAra tIna pAriNAmika bhAvoM meM se eka mAtra jIvatva bhAva hI siddha parameSThI ke pAyA jAtA hai| arthAt yaha jIvatva bhAva hI eka aisA bhAva hai jo saMsArI aura mukta donoM prakAra ke jIvoM meM pAyA jAtA hai| ataH vastutaH jIvatva bhAva hI jIva kA asAdhAraNa bhAva hai| - AcArya pUjyapAda ne apane sarvArthasiddhi nAmaka grantha meM jIva ke pA~ca bhAvoM kA vivecana karane ke pazcAt likhA hai ki - ' ete padma bhAvA asAdhAraNA jIvasya svatattvam ucyante / ' arthAt ve ye pAca bhAva asAdhAraNa haiM, isaliye jIva ke svasva kahalAte haiN| isI kA anusaraNa karate huye AcArya akalakadeva apane tasvArthavArtika nAmaka grantha meM likhate haiM ki- 'te bhAvA jIvasya svatatvam - svaM tattvaM svatattvam, svo bhAvo'sAdhAraNo dharmaH / " arthAt ve bhAva jIva ke svatastva haiN| asAdhAraNa bhAva hai| AcArya vidyAnanda ne apane tattvArthazlokavArtikAlakAra meM likhA hai ki- 'tasya (jIvasya) svam asAdhAraNaM tattvam pazamikAdayaH paca bhAvAH syuH / ....... pramANopapannAstu jIvasvAsAdhAraNAH svabhAvAH pIpazamikAdayaH / '' ina paMktiyoM kA artha spaSTa karate huye vidvatpravara paM. mANikacandra jI kaundeya likhate haiM ki - 'usa jIva ke nija AtmasvarUpa ho rahe aupazamika Adika pA~ca bhAva to svakIya asAdhAraNa tattva haiM, jo anya ajIva mAne gaye pudgala Adi meM nahIM pAye jAkara kevala jIva meM hI pAye jAyeM, the jIva ke asAdhAraNa bhAva ho skege| pratipakSI karmoM ke upazama hone vAle yA karmoM ke kSaya se hone vAle athavA udaya, upazama Adi kI nahIM apekSA kara jIva dravya ke kevala AtmalAbha se anAdi siddha ho rahe pAriNAmika ye tIna bhAva to jIva ke nija svarUpa hai hii| sAtha me guNa yA svabhAvoM ke pratipakSI huye karmoM kI sarvaghAtI prakRtiyoM ke udaya kSaya aura upazama hone para tathA dezaghAti prakRtiyo ke udaya hone para ho jAne vAle kuzAna, matijJAna, cakSurdarzana Adi kSAyopazamika bhAva tathA katipaya karmoM kA udaya hone para upajane vAle manuSyagati, krodha, puveda pariNAma, mithyAtva Adika audayika bhAva bhI AtmA ke nija tattva hai| kyoMki kSAyopazamika aura audayika bhAvoM kA bhI upAdAna kAraNa AtmA hI hai| karmoM ke kSayopazama yA udaya ko nimitta pAkara AtmA hI matijJAna, krodha Adi rUpa pariNata ho jAtA hai| AtmA ke cetanA guNa kI paryAya matijJAna, kumatijJAna Adi hai aura AtmA ke cAritraguNa kA vibhAva pariNAma krodha Adi hai| kevala nizcayanaya dvArA zuddha dravya ke pratipAdaka samayasAra Adi granthoM meM bhale hI matijJAna, krodha Adi ko parabhAva kaha diyA hoya, kintu pramANo dvArA tattvoM kI pratipatti karAne vAle yA azuddha dravya kA nirUpaNa karane vAle zlokavArtika, aSTasahasrI, gommaTasAra, rAjavArtika Adi granthoM me krodha, veda Adi ko AtmA kA sva-Atmaka bhAva mAnA gayA hai| ataH pA~coM hI bhAva jIva ke svakIya asAdhAraNa tattva haiM / " isI tasva carcA ko vistAra dete hue paNDita kaundeya jI Age likhate haiM ki - 'jina guNa yA svabhAvoM karake padArtha AtmalAbha kiye huye haiM, ve upajIvaka mAne jAte haiM aura una karake AtmalAbha kara rahA padArtha upajIvya samajhA jAtA hai| pA~ca bhAva jIva ke upajIvaka haiN| anAdi aura sAdi sahabhAvI kramabhAvI paryAyoM ko dhArane vAlA jIva tattva hai| zuddha paramAtmA dravya ho rahe siddha bhagavAnoM meM yadyapi aupazamika, kSAyopazamika aura audayika ye tIna prakAra ke bhAva nahIM haiN| siddhoM meM pAriNAmika aura kSAyika bhAva hI haiN| tathA bahubhAga bhanantAnanta saMsArI jIvoM meM kSAyika bhAva yA aupazamika bhAva nahIM pAye jAte haiM, to bhI jina jIvoM meM pA~coM bhAvoM meM se yathAyogya do hI, tona ho, cAroM hI athavA kSAyika 1. sarvArthasiddhi 2 / 1,252 2. vArtika, 2/1/6 3. svArthazlokavArtikAlaMkAra 2/1 utthAnikA (bhAga 5, pRSTha 2) 4. tatvAryazlokavArtikAlaMkAra 2/1 utthAnikA kA hindI anuvAda (bhAga 5, pRSTha 2) Page #123 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ tatvArtha/6 samyagdRSTi paJcendriya puruSa jIva ke gyArahaveM guNasthAna meM pA~coM, yoM jitane bhI sambhava pAye jAte haiM, saba jIva ke tadAtmaka ho rahe asAdhAraNa bhAva haiN| ataH pramANoM se yuktisiddha ho rahe pA~ca aupazamika Adi svabhAva to jIva ke asAdhAraNa svA 5. 4. g - yahA~ AcArya vidyAnanda ne eka zaGkA upasthita kI hai ki jJAna, sukha, caitanya, sattA isa prakAra ke bhAvaprANoM kA dhAraNa hone se siddhoM ke bhI mukhya jIvatva prApta ho jAtA hai| isa prakAra svIkAra karane para to yaha jIvatva bhAva kSAyika ho jaayegaa| kyoMki anantajJAna Adika to jJAnAvaraNa Adi karmoM ke kSaya se utpanna huye kSAyika haiM - 'manu jJAnAbhavaprANasya dhAraNAt siddhasya mukhya jIvatvam ityabhyupagame zAmikam etat syAt anantajJAnAve: zAyikatvAt / isa zaGkA kA samAdhAna karate huye AcArya vidyAnanda likhate haiM ki 'iti cet na, jIvanakriyAyAH zabdaniSpattyarthatvAt tadekArthasamavetasya jIvatyasAmAnyasya jIvazabdapravRttinimittatvopapatteH / athavA na vikAsafreestarreraj jIvatvam / kiM tarhi cittatvaM na ca tadAkhyayApekSaM na cApi karmazayApekSaM sarvadAbhAvAt / " arthAt ukta zaGkA ThIka nahIM hai, kyoMki prANadhAraNa rUpa jIvana kriyA to dhyAkaraNazAstra dvArA jIva zabda kI niSpatti mAtra ke liye haiN| jahA~ hI jIva dravya meM prANa dhAraNa rUpa kriyA rahatI hai vahA~ hI jIvatva nAma kI jAti rahatI hai / jo do dharma eka dravya meM samavAya sambandha se Thaharate haiN| unakA rUpa- rasa ke samAna paraspara meM ekArtha samavAya sambandha mAnA gayA hai| ataH jIvatva nAmaka sAmAnya ko jIva zabda kI pravRtti kA nimittapanA yukti se nirNIta ho rahA hai| jIvatva jAti hI jIvatva bhAva hai| rUr3hi zabdoM meM dhAtvarthakriyA ko kevala vyutpatti ke liye hI mAnA gayA hai| vastuta: AtmA kA caitanya guNa hI jIvatva hai| vaha cetanA to AyuSya karma ke udaya kI apekSA rakhane vAlI nahIM hai| aura vaha caitanya karmoM ke kSaya kI apekSA ko dhArane vAle bhI nahIM haiN| kyoMki anAdi se anantakAla taka nigoda avasthA se lekara siddhoM taka meM vaha cetanA bhAva sadA pAyA jAtA hai| sakSepa me hama kaha sakate haiM ki zAstroM meM tIna prakAra se jIva ke asAdhAraNa bhAvoM kA sayuktika vizleSaNa prApta hotA hai - 1. yaha ki dravya kI apekSA bhaupazamikAdi yAMcoM bhAva mAtra jIva dravya meM pAye jAte haiM ajIva dravya me nahI, ata: sabhI pA~coM bhAva jIva dravya ke asAdhAraNa bhAva / 2. yaha ki aupazamika Adi prathama cAra bhAva karma sApekSa haiM, jo siddha bhagavAn meM na pAye jAne ke kAraNa avyApti doSa se dUSita haiM / ataH karma nirapekSa pAriNAmika bhAva mAtra hI jIva ke asAdhAraNa bhAva haiM / 3. yaha ki bhavya jIvoM meM abhavyatva bhAva kA abhAva hai aura abhavya jIvoM meM bhavyatva bhAva kA abhAva hai tathA siddha parameSThI meM abhavyatva aura bhavyatva - ina donoM pAriNAmika bhAvoM kA bhI abhAva hai| ata: eka mAtra jIvatva bhAva hI jIva kA asAdhAraNa bhAva hai| yadyapi Upara se aisA pratIta hotA hai ki jIva ke tIna prakAra se asAdhAraNa bhAva kaise ho sakate haiM ? aura tInoM hI zAstrasammata bhI / kintu sApekSadRSTi se vicAra karane para kahIM bhI aura koI bhI prakAra kA paraspara virodha nahIM hai| mAtra vizleSaNa karane kI apanI-apanI dRSTi hai / 1. tatvArthazlokavArtikAlaMkAra 2/1 utpAnikA kA hindI anuvAda (bhAga 5, pRSTha 3) 2. tattvAryazlokavArtikAlaMkAra 2/7 kI vRti 3. svArthakArtikakAra 2/7 kI vRti *7 Page #124 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ 68 / svArtha-nikaNa AcArya umAsvAmI kI dRSTi meM akAlamaraNa * DA. beyAnsakumAra jaina 16 saMsAra meM jIva kA janma-maraNa zAzvata satya hai / jo janma letA hai, usakA maraNa honA bhI nizcita hai| AcArya umAsvAmI ne tattvArtha sUtra ke dvitIya adhyAya ke antima sUtra "aupapAdika caramI samade hADasaMkhyeyavarSAyuSosnapavarSAyuSaH" dvArA spaSTa kiyA hai ki upapAda janma vAle deva aura nArakI, caramosamadehadhArI aura asaMkhyAtavarSa kI Ayu vAle jIva anapavartya (paripUrNa) Ayu vAle hote haiN| yaha vidhi pakSa hai isakA niSedha pakSa hogA ki inase avaziSTa jIva apavartya (apUrNa) Ayu vAle hote haiM arthAt inase avaziSTa karmabhUmiyAM manuSya aura tiryazca haiM, jinakA akAlamaraNa ho sakatA hai| yaha pUrNa satya hai| kyoMki AcArya zivArya kA kahanA hai - paDarma asatavarNa samUdatyassa hodi paDiseho / jatvi jarassa akAla macchu ti jameva mAdIyaM // jo vidyamAna padArtha kA pratiSedha karanA so prathama asatya hai| jaise karmabhUmi ke manuSya ke akAla meM mRtyu kA niSedha karanA prathama asatya hai| isakA tAtparya hai ki karmabhUmiyA jIvoM kI akAlamRtyu hotI hai, jisake anya zAstroM meM bhI aneka pramANa milate haiM, unhIM kI prastuti kI jA rahI hai AcArya kundakunda svAmI ne akAlamaraNa ke nimnakAraNa darzAya haiM. 1 visaveyanaratakkhayamavasatvaggahaNaM saMkilesANaM AhArussalANaM nirohaNAM vijjade AU || 25 | himaamalasalilaguruvara pavvataruruhaNapaDayamabhaMge hi / rasavijyoSadhAraNa apanehiM vivihehiM // 26 // * arthAt viSabhakSaNa se, vedanA kI pIr3A ke nimitta se, rudhira ke kSaya ho jAne se, bhaya se, zastraghAta se, saMkleza pariNAma se, AhAra tathA zvAsa ke nirodha se, Ayu kA kSaya ho jAtA hai aura himapAta se agni se jalane ke kAraNa, jala meM DUbane se, bar3e parvata para car3hakara girane se, bar3e vRkSa para car3hakara girane se zarIra kA bhaMga hone se, pArA Adi rasa ke saMyoga (bhakSaNa) se Ayu kA vyuccheda ho jAtA hai| 1. ma. bhA. 830 2. * Dara, saMskRta vibhAga, divambara jaina kAlija, baDauta 2017 s Page #125 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ tatvArthasU-/ ina kAraNoM ke hone se hI asamaya meM jIva kI mauta hotI hai vaha satya hai ki yadi sopakramAyuSka arthAt saMkhyAtavarSAyuSka manuSya va tiryaza ko uparyukta kAraNoM meM se eka yA adhika kAraNa mila jAyege to akAla maraNa hogA aura ukta kAraNoM meM koI bhI kAraNa nahIM jur3atA hai to akAlamaraNa nahIM hotA hai| kAraNa kA kArya ke sAtha anvaya-vyatireka avazya pAyA jAtA hai| kAraNa kArya sambandha ko batAte hue AcArya kahate haiM - "asmin satyeva bhavati asati tu na bhavati tattasya kAraNamiti nyAyAt"" ko jisake hone para hI hotA hai aura jisake na hone para nahIM hotA, vaha usakA kAraNa hotA hai aisA nyAya hai| AcArya vidyAnanda ne zastra parihAra Adi bahiraMga kAraNoM kA apamRtyu ke sAtha anvayavyatireka batAyA hai| isase siddha hai ki khar3A prahAra Adi se jo maraNa hogA vaha akAlamaraNa hogA aura ina zastra Adi ke abhAva meM kadalIghAta maraNa nahIM hogA / bhAskaranandi AcArya bhI apanI sukhabodhanAmnI TIkA meM likhate haiM- "viSazasmayevanAdivAhyavizeSanimitavizeSaNApatyeM hasvIkriyate ityapavartyaH' "" arthAt viSa, zastra, vedanAdi bAhya vizeSa nimittoM se Ayu kA hrasva (kama) karanA apavartya hai arthAt bAhya nimittoM se bhujyamAna Ayu kI sthiti kama ho jAtI hai| isI sandarbha meM AcArya vidyAnandi kahate haiM ki - "na prAptakAlasya maraNAbhAvaH saGgaprahArAdibhiH maraNasya darzanAt aprAptakAla arthAt jisakA maraNakAla nahIM AyA aise jIva ke bhI maraNa kA abhAva nahIM hai| kyoMki khaDgaprahAra Adi se maraNa dekhA jAtA hai| zrIzrutasAgarasUri ne tattvArthavRtti meM akAlamaraNa kI mAnyatA kI puSTi meM kahA hai| "anyapAdayAdharmopadezacikitsAzAstraM ca vyarthaM syAt" akAlamaraNa ko na mAnane se dayAdharma kA upadeza aura cikitsA zAstra vyartha ho jAyeMge / " bhaTTAkalakadeva ne kahA hai- "bAhya kAraNoM ke kAraNa Ayu kA hrAsa honA apavarta hai, bAhya upaghAta ke nimitta viSa zastrAdi ke kAraNa Ayu vAle haiM aura jinakI Ayu kA apavarta nahIM hotA ve anapavarta Ayu vAle haiN| deva nArakI caramazarIrI aura bhogabhUmiyA jIva haiM, bAhya kAraNoM se inakI Ayu kA apavartana nahIM hotA hai / " zastrAdi ke binA saMkleza pariNAmoM yA parizrama Adi ke dvArA bhI Ayu kA hrAsa ho sakatA hai aura vaha bhI kadalIyAta maraNa hai jaise kisI kI Ayu 80 varSa hai, vaha 40 varSa kA ho cukaa| parizrama yA sakleza ke kAraNa usakI Ayu karma ke niSeka 75 varSa kI sthiti vAle raha gaye, vaha 75 varSa meM maraNa ko prApta hotA hai, to vaha bhI akAlamaraNa hI kahA jaayegaa| yadi eka antarmuhUrta bhI bhujyamAna Ayu kama hotI hai, to vaha akAlamaraNa hI kahalAtA hai| yaha nizcita hai ki koI bhI jIda AtmaghAta karatA hai, to vaha bhI akAlamaraNa ko prApta hotA hai kintu sabhI apavartana ko prApta hone vAle jAnabUjhakara apavartana nahIM karate haiM, jaise AhAra nimittoM se rasAdika rUpa svayaM pariNamana kara jAtA hai, isI prakAra apavartana ke sambandha meM jAnanA cAhiye / 1. pra. pu. 12 pR. 289 2. akAla mRtyu ke abhAva meM cikitsA Adi kA prayoga kisa prakAra kiyA jAyegA kyoMki duHkha ke pratikAra ke samAna hI akAlamRtyu ke pratikAra ke lie cikitsA Adi kA prayoga kiyA jAtA hai| zlokavArtika, pR. 343 1. bAhyapratyayavazAyuSo hAso'pavartaH / brAhyatyopayAtanimittasyavivasvAdeH sati sannidhAne hAso'pavarta ityucyate / apArthayAAMta ime apavartyAyucaH / nApavartyAyuSo'napavartyAyuca / ete aupapAdikAdaya uktA anapavartyAyuSaH na hi teSAmAyuSo baahynimittvshaadpvrto'sti| tasvArthavArtika bhAga 1, pR. 426. Page #126 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ bAgama meM yaha bhI ullekha hai ki AsAmI bhava kI Ayu kA bandha ho jAne ke bAda akAlamaraNa nahIM hotA hai| agale bhavakImASu kA bandha ho jAne ke bAda bhujyamAna Ayu jitanI zeSa raha gaI hai, usa Ayu sthiti ke pUrNa ho jAne para hI koya kA maraNa hogaa| usane pUrva nahIM hogaa| AcArya vIrasena isI bAta ko kahate haiM - "paramavimAue baDe pacchA muMbamAnAsamasa kAlIpAyo patti bahA samaveNa vaviti" arthAt parabhava sambandhI Ayu ke baMdhane ke pazcAt bhujyamAna Ayu kA kadalIpAta nahIM hotA kintu jIva kI jitanI Ayu thI utanI kA hI vedhana karatA hai| yaha niyama sabhI jIvoM ke sAtha lAgU hotA hai kintu zAstroM meM kadalIghAta maraNa vAle aura kadalIcAta maraNa ko prApta na hone vAle jIvoM ke Ayubandha ke niyama meM antara hai| jina jIvoM kI Ayu kA kadalIghAta nahIM hotA arthAt jo nirupakramAyuSka jIva haiM, ve apanI bhujyamAna Ayu meM chaha mAha bhAyabandha ke yogya hote haiM, aisA svAbhAvika niyama hai| ata: unakI Ayu ke antima chaha mAsa ke atirikta zeSa bhujyamAna Ayu parabhavika Ayubandha ke binA bIta jAtI hai| eka samaya adhika pUrvakoTi Adi rUpa Age kI saba Ayu asaMkhyAtavarSa Ayu vAle manuSya va tiryaJca bhogabhUmiyA hote haiM / asakhyAtavarSa kI Ayu vAle jIvoM kA kadalIghAta maraNa nahIM hotA kyoMki ve anapavartya nirupakrama Ayu vAle hote haiN| paNDita zrI vaMzIdhara vyAkaraNAcArya isa viSaya meM kucha pRthaka kathana karate haiM, unakA kahanA hai ki - 'vadhyamAna Ayu meM utkarSaNa apakarSaNa hote hI haiM kintu bhujyamAna sampUrNa AyuoM meM bhI utkarSaNa apakarSaNa karaNa ho sakate haiN| isakA kAraNa yaha hai ki bhujyamAna tiryaJcAyu aura manuSyAyu kI udIraNA sarvasammata hai|' bhujyamAna devAyu aura narakAyu kI udIraNA bhI siddhAnta granthoM meM batalAyI hai - "saMkramaNAkaraNaNA lavakaraNA hoti sabba mAraNe |" arthAt eka saMkramaNa karaNa ko chor3akara vAkI ke bandha, utkarSaNa, apakarSaNa, udIraNA, sattva, udaya, upazAnta, nidhatti aura nikAcanA ye nava karaNa sampUrNa AyuoM me hote haiN| kisI bhI karma kI udIraNA usake udayakAla meM hI hotI hai, kAraNa udIraNA kA lakSaNa "maNNatvaThiyassudaye saMghahaNamudIraNA ibhatvi" udayAvalibAhyasthitasthitidravyasyApakarSaNavazAdudayAvalyAM nikSepaNamudIraNA khalu / udayAvalI ke dravya se adhika sthiti vAle dravya ko apakarSaNa ke dvArA udayAvalI meM DAla denA udIraNA hai| udayagata karma ke vartamAna samaya se lekara AvalI paryanta jitane samaya hoM una sabake samUha ko udayAvalI kahA hai| isase yaha nirNaya huA ki karma kI udIraNA usake udayakAla meM hI ho sakatI hai| labdhisAra meM likhA hai ki - "ulyANamAvalihivaramavANaM baahirmishivnnii|"5 arthAta udayAvalI meM udayagata prakRtiyoM kA hI kSepaNa hotA hai| udayAvalI ke bAhara udayagata aura anudayagata donoM taraha kI prakRtiyoM kA kSepaNa hotA hai| isase bhI yahI siddha hotA hai ki jisa karma kA udaya hotA hai usI kA udayAvalI bAhAdravya udayAvalI meM diyA jA sakatA hai| isalie devAyu aura marakAyu kI udIraNA krama se devagati aura narakagati meM hogI anyatra nhiiN| isase spaSTa hai ki bhujyamAna devAyu aura narakAyu kI bhI udIraNA ho sakatI hai| 1.dha.pu.10.237 2.mikAkamAumA puNa chammAsAthasese AubabaMdhapAbhogA hosi|-dhvl pu.10, pR. 234. 3, mommaTasAra karmakANDa gAyA, 4.gomAsAkarmakANDa gAthA439 Page #127 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ tatvAryAnika / 71 Upara ke nivekoM kA dravya udavAvalIviye denA devAyu aura narakAyu ke sambandha meM udIraNA hai na ki bAhya vimita se maraNa kA nAma udIraNA hai|. deva, nArakI, varamazarIrI aura asaMkhyAtavarSAyuSka (bhomabhUmiyA) jIvoM kI Ayu viSazastra Adi vizeSa bAhya kAraNoM se hrasva ( kama ) nahIM hotI isalie ve anapavartya haiN| inakA maraNa janma se hI vyavasthita hai kintu karmabhUmiyA jIvoM kA maraNa vyavasthita nahIM hai| kyoMki jisa karmabhUmiyA manuSya yA tiryaca ne agale bhava kI Ayu kA bandha nahIM kiyA hai, usakI Ayu kA kSaya bAhya nimitta se ho sakatA hai| akAlamaraNa meM bhI Ayukarma ke niSeka apanA phala asamaya me dekara jhar3ate haiM, binA phala die nahIM jAte haiN| AcArya akalaMkadeva tattvArthasUtra ke dvitIya adhyAya ke 53 veM sUtra vyAkhyA karate hue kahA hai - "Ayu udIraNA meM bhI karma apanA phala dekara hI jhar3ate haiM, ataH kRtanAza kI AzakA ucita nahI haiN| jaise gIlA kapar3A phailA dene para jaldI sUkha jAtA hai, aura vahI yadi ikaTThA rakhA rahe to sUkhane meM bahuta samaya lagatA hai, usI prakAra bAhya nimittoM se samaya se pUrva Ayu ke niSeka jhar3a jAte haiM, yahI akAlamRtyu hai / "" sarvajJa ke upadeza dvArA akAlamaraNa siddha ho jAtA hai - AyurvasyApi devajJaiH parijJAte hitAntake / tasthApi kSIyate sako nimittAntarayoyataH // sArasamuccaya67 sArasamuccaya 67 bhaviSya ke bhAgya - jJAtA dvArA kisI (karmabhUmija) kI Ayu kA hitAnta arthAt amuka samaya para maraNa hogA, aisA jAna bhI liyA jAve to bhI viparIta nimittoM ke milane para usakI Ayu kA zIghra kSaya ho jAtA hai| - jainAcAryoM ne sopakramAyuSka (apamRtyu) jIvoM kA vistRta vicAra AcArya zrI umAravAmI dvArA likhita "aupapAdikacaramottamadehA'saMspeya- varSAyuSo'mapavarSAyuSaH " sUtra ke AdhAra para kiyA hai| kyoMki isa sUtra meM apavartya ( nirupakramAyuSka) jIvoM kA kathana hone se unase pratipakSI jIvoM kA pratipAdana krama prApta hai| AcArya pUjyapAda ne ukta sUtra kI vyAkhyA meM likhA hai ki aupapAdika Adi jIvoM kI Ayu bAhya nimitta se nahIM ghaTatI yaha niyama hai tathA inase atirikta zeSa jIvoM kA aisA koI niyama nahIM hai| yadi kAraNa mileMge to Ayu ghaTegI aura kAraNa na mileMge to Ayu nahIM ghttegii| bhAskaranandi bhI isI bAta kI puSTi karate haiM- 'aupapAdika se jo anya sasArI jIva haiM, unakI 'akAlamRtyu bhI hotI hai / " isI krama meM bhaTTAkalaMkadeva, AcArya vidyAnandi, kalikAla sarvajJa AcArya vIrasena Adi sabhI AcAryoM ne AcArya umAsvAmI dvArA pratipAdita siddhAnta kA samarthana kiyA hai / AcArya umAsvAmI ke paravartI AcAryoM ko akAlamaraNa ke sandarbha meM vizeSa dRSTi milii| unase prApta 1. datvaiva phalaM nivRtteH mAkRtasya karmaNaH phalamupabhujyate, na ca kRtakarmaphalavinAza: anirmokSaprasaGgAt dAnAdikriyArambhAbhAvaprasaGgAca kintu kRtaM karma karma phalaM datvaiva nivartate vitatAIpaTazoSayat ayathAkAlanirvRtaH pAka ityayaM vizeSa: / - tattvArthavArtika, 2/53 kI TIkA 2. navamIpapAdikAdInAM bAhyanimittavazAdAyurapanatvati ityaye niyamaH itareSAmaniyamaH 1- sa. si. 2/53 S 3. yonye tu saMsAriNaH sAmarthyAdapavartyAyuSo'pi bhavantIti gamyate / Page #128 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ 72/ tadvayasambandhI bIja ko pAkara vistAra ke sAtha spaSTa kiyaa| isa viSaya meM AcArya umAsvAmI ke avadAna ko nizcita rUpa se sarAhA gayA hai tabhI to paravartI AcAryoM ne isa viSaya ko vizeSa rUpa se pratipAdita kiyA hai| 1 jainAgama kI svatantra dena naya paddhati ke Azraya se bhI ukta viSaya kI siddhi kI gaI hai| aneka paurANika kathanoM para bhI bhujyamAna ke apakarSaNa karaNa kA spaSTIkaraNa ho jAtA hai| laukika udAharaNoM se samajhA jA sakatA hai| jaise kisI vyakti ne eka lAlaTena kisI dukAnadAra se rAtabhara jalAne hetu kirAye para lii| dukAnadAra ne usameM rAta bhara jalatI rahegI itanA paryApta tela bhara diyA aura grAhaka ko kaha bhI diyA ki yaha lAlaTena rAtrabhara jalegI kintu grAhaka ke ghara vaha rAtri 12 baje bujha gaI, usakA meMTala nahIM TUTA aura na vaha bhabhakI kintu samaya se pUrva bujha gii| dukAnadAra se grAhaka zikAyata karatA hai| dukAnadAra parezAna hotA hai use asamaya meM bujhane kA kAraNa nahIM patA hotaa| jaba vaha sAvadhAnI se dekhatA hai to lAlaTena ke nIce choTA bArIka surAka pAtA hai aura vaha asamaya meM bujhane ke kAraNa ko jAna jAtA hai| aisA hI Ayukarma ke sambandha meM hai| bAhyanimitta se Ayukarma ke niSeka samaya se pUrva jhar3a jAte haiM aura karmabhUmiyA manuSya tiryaJca apamRtyu ko prApta ho jAte haiN| sabhI pramANoM se yaha spaSTa ho jAtA hai ki badhyamAna Ayu kI sthiti aura anubhAga meM jisa prakAra apavartana hotA hai usI prakAra bhujyamAna Ayu kI sthiti aura anubhAga meM bhI apavartana hotA hai kintu badhyamAna Ayu kI udIraNA nahI hotI aura bhujyamAna Ayu kI udIraNA hotI hai, jisase akAlamaraNa (apavartana) bhI hotA hai isameM koI sazaya / sandeha ko avakAza nahIM hai| vartamAna meM cintanIya hai ki zAstroM meM svakAla maraNa aura akAlamaraNa donoM vyAkhyAna par3hane ke bAda bhI kucha loga akAlamaraNa kA niSedha kyoM karate haiM, unakA isameM kyA uddezya hai ? to sarvamAnya zAstrIya viSaya ke niSedha meM koI vizeSa prayojana pratIta hotA hai| vaha yaha hai ki loga saMsAra, zarIra, bhogoM se bhayabhIta na hoM, aura saMyama vrata cAritra se dUra rheN| una jaise bhogavilAsitA meM lipta rahate hue, apane ko dharmAtmA kahalA sakeM yA mAnate raheM / puruSArthahIna rahate hue svayaM bhogI raheM aura dUsaroM ko bhI apane jaisA banAye rakheM jisase svArthasiddhi meM bAdhA na rhe| 1. kAlanayena nidAghadivasAnusAri pacyamAna sahakAra phalavatsamayA yatra siddhiH akAlanayena kRtrimoSNapacyamAnasahakAra phalavatsamayAnAyatrasiddhiH // - pravacanasAra, Page #129 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ bAyoTeknAlaoNjI, jeneTika iMjIniyarI evaM jIvavijJAna svArthAni / 173 vartamAna yuga vijJAna kA yuga kahA jAtA hai| vibhinna kSetroM meM nita naye AviSkAra kiye jA rahe haiN| ina AviSkAroM se eka ora jahA~ jIvanayApana karane ke sAdhana sulabha banA diye haiM vahIM dUsarI ora aneka kaThinAiyA~ bhI utpanna ho gaI haiN| vijJAna ke AviSkAroM kA vAstavika lakSya to vAstava meM prakRti ke rahasyoM evaM kriyAkalApoM ke bAre me vistRta jAnakArI hAsila kara unheM mAnava evaM anya prAkRtika avayavoM ke liye lAbha pahuMcAnA hI hai / * pro. DaoN. azoka jaina, vijJAna kI inhIM khojoM kI zrRMkhalA meM san 1970-80 me jIva vijJAna evaM prodyogikI ke bIca antaHsambandha se eka naI zAkhA kA janma huaa| isa prakAra jaivapraudyogikI (Biotechnology) vigata cAra pA~ca dazakoM meM vikamita jIvavijJAna kI navIna lekina upAdeyatA kI dRSTi se mahattvapUrNa zAkhA hai| jaiva-praudyogikI vizuddha prAkRtika vijJAna na hokara vijJAna kI vibhinna zAkhAoM, upazAkhAoM kA sammilita samanvayita vijJAna hai| Alekha ke pazca bhAga me bAyoTeknAlaoNjI kI vyAkhyA tattvArthasUtra ke sandarbha meM kI gaI hai| jaivatakanIka kI upayogitA - vartamAna meM vibhinna kSetroM meM jaivatakanIki (Biotechnology) kA upayoga vibhinna kAryoM meM kiyA jA rahA hai| kucha pramukha upayoga nimna haiM - a. kiNvana takanIka (Fermentation Technology ) 1. svAsthya : aneka svAsthya rakSaka davAoM, pratijaivika (eNTIbAyoTiksa), enjAima, paoNlIsekerAiDasa, sTIrAiDasa, elkelalAiDasa, isa takanIka se nirmita kiye jA rahe haiN| 2. khAdya evaM kRSi udyoga : kaI prakAra ke amloM ke nirmANa, enjAimsa evaM bAyopaoNlImarsa nirmANa meM / 3. kRSi vijJAna : naI kismoM ke utpAdana evaM kITanAzaka davAoM ke nirmANa meM / ba.. enjAimeTika abhiyAMtrikI (Eneymatic Engineering) prAdhyApaka, vanaspativijJAna vibhAga, jIvAjI vizvavidyAlaya, gvAliyara, 4. UrjA : ithenaoNla, esITona, byUTenaoNla, bAyogaisa Adi meM / 5. rAsAyanika udyoga : irthavaoNla, ithAilIna, esITeliDahAiDa, esITona, byUTenola Adi ke utpAdana meM / 1. Page #130 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ 74/ 1. khAdya va kRSi udyoga : AisomlUkona, glUkona / 2. UrjA inAra nirmANa meM / ra sa. jIna abhiyAMtrikI (Genetic Engineering) 1. khAdya evaM kRSi udyoga : ekala kozikA proTInsa 2. svAsthya : inTarapherona, hArmonsa, veksIna, monoklonala eNTIbaoNDI ke nirmANa meM / caiva praudyogikI eka anuprAyogika vijJAna vAstava meM bAyoTeknAlaoNjI vijJAna kI kaI zAkhAoM kA sammizraNa hai| kisI eka zAkhA ke sahAre ise samucita rUpa se nahIM samajhA jA sakatA hai| kucha pramukha zAkhAyeM nimna haiM * sUkSma jIva vijJAna (Microbiology) : sUkSmatama jIvoM taka kI zarIra saMracanA evaM jIvana yApana / AnuvaMzikI (Genetics) : jIvoM kA AnuvaMzika adhyayana Adi / Utaka saMvardhana (Tissu Culture) rodhakSamatA vijJAna (Immunology) jaiva rasAyana vijJAna (Biochemistry) kozikA jaivikI (Cell Biology) rasAyana vijJAna (Chemistry) jantu vijJAna (Zoology ) vanaspati vijJAna (Botany) zarIrakriyA vijJAna (Physiolay) kampyUTara vijJAna (Computer Science) praudyogikI ke vitaraNa - kisI sUkSma jIva jantu athavA paudhoM kI kozikA kI sahAyatA se bAyoTeknAlaoNjI nimna caraNoM meM sampanna kI jAtI hai : 1. vibheda cayana evaM sudhAra (Strain choice and improvement): jisa kisI bhI sUkSma jIva-jantu athavA paudhe ko bahutAyata meM prApta karanA hotA hai to sarvaprathama usI kI kozikA ko prApta kiyA jAtA hai| 2. bRhadasaMvardhana (Mass Culture) : ukta prakAra se prApta kozikA ko vibhinna vidhiyoM se saMvardhita kiyA jAtA hai / isa uddezya ke liye Utaka saMvardhana, kozikA jaivikI, abhiyAMtrikI Adi kI jAnakArI Avazyaka hai / Page #131 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ tapAsUna 195 3. kozikA anukriyAoM kA intamIkaraNa (Optimisation of Cel resposes) kisI bhI jIva kI kozikAyeM koI kArya kucha vizeSa paristhitiyoM meM hI kara sakatI haiM jo ki unake jIna prArUpa (Genotype) para nirbhara hotA hai ataH kisI yaugika ke adhika utpAdana ke liye Avazyaka vAtAvaraNa kA honA anivArya hai jisameM ki adhikatama utpAdana ho sake 1. J 4. prakrama saMkriyAe~ evaM utpAda prApti (Process operation & Recovery of products): jaiva praudyogikI utpAda sambandhita prayoga prayogazAlA meM kiye jAte haiM va isa prakriyA meM prayukta upakaraNa va saMkriyAe~ vRhada paimAne para utpAdana prApti se alaga hote haiN| vRhada paimAne para upayoga kiye jAne vAle upakaraNa va prakriyAoM kA dakSa, surakSita va niyaMtrita honA Avazyaka hai| bAyoTeknAlaoNjI kA kSetra evaM mahatva - 1. jIna abhiyAMtrikI (Genetic Engineering) - a. cikitsA kSetra meM aneka cikitsIya utpAdoM jaise monoklonala pratirakSI, hArmonsaTIke, zizuoM kI vikRti, bhrUNa ke liMga, avaidha saMtAnoM ke mAtA-pitA va saMdigdha aparAdhiyo kA patA lagAyA jA sakatA hai| yaha vidhi DI. ena. e. phiMgara priMTiMga kahalAtI hai| ba. kRSi upayogitAe~ - paudhoM ko kharapatavAroM, kIToM, bAirasa, kravama saMkramaNa ke viruddha pratirodhI banAyA jAtA hai| paudhoM meM nAiTrojana stharIkaraNa kSamatA kA vikAsa kiyA jAtA hai| sa. pazu upayogitAe~ - pazuoM meM jInsa nivezita karavAkara unake dugdha utpAdana, Una utpAdana vRddhidara, rogarodhitA Adi kSamatAoM meM vRddhi kI gaI hai| da. paryAvaraNIya upayogitAe~ - syUDomonAsa pyUTiDA ke vibhinna prabhedoM se suparavaga taiyAra kiyA gayA hai| yaha utpAda peTrolikA utpAda ke nimnIkaraNa va audyogika ikAiyoM ke bahistrANa meM upasthita padArtho ke nimnIkaraNa meM upayogI hai| i. audyogika upayogitAeM aneka mahattvapUrNa audyogika utpAda jaise glAikaoNla, elkohAla, ethIlIna Adi taiyAra kiye gaye haiN| ina utpAdoM kA kAphI audyogikI mahattva hai| jIna avadhAraNA : bAyoTeknAlaoNjI ko samajhane ke liye nyUklika amla evaM jInsa ke bAre meM jAnakArI honA Avazyaka hai / manuSyoM evaM jIva-jantuoM kA zarIra atyanta sUkSma kozikAoM kA banA hotA hai| ina kozikAoM meM nAmika (nyUkliyasa) hotA hai| nAmika ke andara guNasUtra (kromosomsa) hote haiN| jinameM ki nyUklika amla hotA hai| ye amla do prakAra ke hote haiM : 1. DiAksIrAivo nyUklika amla (DI ena e) 2. rAivonyUklika amla (Ara ena e) DI esa e eka Tika kuNDalIya (Double belical) saMracanA jo do lar3iyoM kA banA hotA hai yaha lar3iyA eka akSa ke cAroM ora sarpilAkAra rUpa se kuNDalita rahatI hai| pratyeka lar3I eka bahunyUkliyoTAiDa zrRMkhalA hotI hai| pratyeka nyUkliyoTAiDa meM nAiTrojana yukta kSAra, DioNksIrAivoja zarkarA tathA phAsphorika amla kA eka 2 aNu hotA hai| pUrva upasthita DI ema Page #132 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ 76 /erenties ver e aNuoM se naye DIema e aNuoM kA saMzleSaNa punarAvRtti kahalAtA hai| DI ena e punarAvRtti ke samaya donoM paoNlInyUkliyoTAiDa zrRMkhalAe~ kuNDalita hokara alaga ho jAtI haiN| prathama huI zrRMkhalAe~ eka-dUsare kI pUraka hotI haiN| jIna rAsAyanika rUpa se DI ena e kA banA hotA hai| DI ena e kI kitanI lambAI jIna banAtI hai isake liye benjana ne nimna zabda pratipAdita kiye: 1. sisTraoNna, 2. rioNna, 3. kyUTaoNna, 4. kaoNmplAna, 5. replIkaoNna, 6. oparaoNna vaha takanIka jisameM eka prajAti ke jIna ko dUsarI prajAti ke DI ena e meM praveza karavAkara punaryojI DI ena e (Recombinent DNA) prApta kiyA jAtA hai, jIna abhiyAMtrikI (Genetic Engineering) takanIka kahalAtI hai / isa takanIka kA lakSya va vidhi sarala pratIta hotI hai parantu vAstavika rUpa meM yaha atisaMvedanazIla evaM kaThina kArya hai| isa takanIka kA adhyayana nimna prakAra se kiyA jA sakatA hai - 1. Avazyaka jIna kI prApti : yUkeriyoTasa kI kozikAoM ke sahasra jInsa meM se Avazyaka jIna ko khojanA va viyukta karanA jIna abhiyAMtrikI kA prathama caraNa hai| 2. jIna vAhama kI prApti: utpAda banAne ke liye cune hue jIna ko kisI bAhama ke sAtha bAMdhanA hotA hai kyoMki bAhama meM anya jIvoM yA Atitheya (Host) meM jAkara apane DI ena e ko Atitheya ke DI ena e ke sAtha jur3akara yA svatantra rUpase saMzleSaNa karane kI kSamatA hotI hai| 3. vAhaka jIna ke sAtha Avazyaka jIna ko jor3anA 4. punaryojI DI ena e Atitheya kozikA meM nivezana / 5. punaryojI DI ena e aNuoM yukta kozikAoM kA cayana va guNana - ve kozikAyeM jinameM punaryojI DI ena e kA praveza saMbhava ho jAtA hai unakA cayana kiyA jAtA hai| cayanita kozikAoM kA guNana kara inakI kaI guNA saMkhyA prApta kara lI jAtI hai| inheM klona kozikAe~ kahate haiM / 6. Avazyaka utpAda kI prApti vAMchita jIna Atitheya kozikA meM apanI abhivyakti karatA hai| udAharaNata: yadi kisI vaikTIriyA meM kisI viziSTa proTIna ke liye jIna nivezita kiyA jAtA hai taba vaikTIriyA meM usI prakAra kA proTIna saMzleSita hone lagatA hai| isI prakAra yadi kisI pAdapa (paudhA) yA jantu meM rogANu pratirodhI jIna kA nivezana karAyA jAtA hai taba aisI sthiti meM paudhe yA jantu roga ke prati pratirodhI ho jAte haiM / - pUrNazaktatA (Totpotency) - laiMgika janana vidhi dvArA vaha bIja se pUrNa paudhe kA nirmANa ho sakatA hai va kAyika janana vidhi meM paudhe kA choTA bhAga bhI pUrNa paudhe kA nirmANa kara sakatA hai| arthAt kozikA meM punarjanita (Regenerate) hone kI kSamatA prAkRtika rUpa se pAI jAtI hai| pratyeka kozikA meM ve sabhI jInsa vidyamAna hote haiM jo siddhAnta rUpa se pUrNa paudhe ke vikAsa ke liye Avazyaka hote haiN| sajIvoM kI pratyeka kozikA meM usa jIva ke sabhI lakSaNoM ko utpanna karane kI kSamatA ko "ToTIpoTensI" kahate haiN| sUtra ke sandarbha bAyoTeknAlaoNjI - tasvArthasUtra ke aneka sUtroM kI vyAkhyA karane para bAyoTeknAlaoNjI se sambandhita hone kA bhAna hotA hai| jaise ki dvitIya adhyAya meM kahA gayA hai - saMsAriNasvarasthAH // 13 // Page #133 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ arthAt saMsAra meM prasa evaM svAvara do prakAra ke jIva haiN| pRthvIkAyika se lekara vanaspatikAyika taka ke jIva sthAvara haiN| vartamAna meM vijJAna kevala basa evaM vanaspatikAyikoM ko hI jIva mAnatA hai| ina vanaspatikAyika jIvoM meM mUla se utpanna hone vAle adaraka, haldI Adi, agrabIja - kalama se utpanna hone vAle gulAba bhAdi, parva se utpanna hone vAle gane Adi, kanda se utpanna sUraNa Adi, skandha se utpanna hone vAle DAka Adi, bIja se utpanna hone vAle geMha, canA Adi haiN| tathA sammUrchana, apane Apa utpanna hone vAlI ghAsa Adi vanaspatikAyika pratyeka tathA sAdhAraNa donoM prakAra ke hote haiN| jaisA ki bAyoTeknAlaoNjI ke sandarbha meM varNita hai ki ina paudhoM kI pratyeka kozikA meM vRddhi karane evaM apane jaisA pratirUpI banAne kI kSamatA hotI hai jise ToTIpoTensI kahA jAtA hai| banasyAtvantAnAmekam // 2 // arthAt vanaspatikAyika taka ke jIvoM ke eka arthAt prathama indriya hotI hai| janma ke bhedoM meM kahA gayA hai - sammunagApapAdA janma // 31 // arthAt sampUrNa vizva ke anantAnanta jIva mukhyataH tInarUpa se janma grahaNa karate hai - 1. sammUrcchana, 2. garbha evaM 3. uppaad| bAyoTeknAlaoNjI ke siddhAntoM ke AdhAra para sammUrcchana eva garbha janma kI vyAkhyA kI jA sakatI hai| sammUrchana janma kA abhiprAya hai ki cAroM ora se pudgaloM kA grahaNa kara avayavoM kI racanA honA / ekendriya se caturindriya taka ke jIvoM kA janma sammarchana hI hotA hai| jaisA ki pUrva meM batAyA gayA hai ki vaijJAnika dRSTikoNa se bhI pratyeka kozikA svaya meM samasta gaNoM se pariparNa hotI hai evaM apane jaisI zarIra racanA banAne meM sakSama hotI hai| jaiva abhiyAntrikI vidhiyoM se paudhoM ke kisI bhI bhAga kI kozikA lekara use ucita mAdhyama meM rakhakara usakA saMvardhana kiyA jAtA hai eva kucha samaya pazcAt hI aisI aneka kozikAo kA samUha bana jAtA hai jise 'kelasa' kahA jAtA hai| isI kelasa se nayA paudhA taiyAra ho jAtA hai| kaI prakAra ke jantuoM ko bhI isI takanIka se vikasita kiyA jA cukA hai| san 1952 me meMDhaka ke tIsa klona taiyAra kiye gye| sattara ke dazaka meM kharagozoM tathA cUhoM ke klona taiyAra kiye gaye evaM nabbe ke dazaka meM bher3a kA klona taiyAra kara liyA gyaa| eDinavarga (skATalaiNDa) ke rosalina insTITayUTa meM vaijJAnika DA. iAna klimara ne san 1996 meM 'DaoNlI' ke rUpa me eka pUrNa svastha bher3a kA klona taiyAra kara diyaa| pazuoM ke klona taiyAra karane kI prakriyA meM sarvaprathama mAdA ke zarIra meM se eka svastha aNDANu liyA jAtA hai isa aNDANu meM se nyUkliasa nikAla kara kozikA ko surakSita rakha liyA jAtA hai| jisa jIva kA klona taiyAra karanA hotA hai usakI tvacA kI kozikA lekara usameM se nyUkliasa ko alaga kara liyA jAtA hai| isa jIva ko hama DonorParent kahate haiN| isa nyUkliyasa ke pUrva meM surakSita rakhI kozikA (nyUkliyasavihIna) meM pratisthApita kara diyA jAtA hai| isa prakAra eka nayI kozikA taiyAra ho jAtI hai| yaha mayI kozikA dviguNana dvArA bhrUNa meM parivartita ho jAtI hai| isa bhrUNa ko kisImAdA ke pakSiya meM sthita kara diyA jAtA hai jahA~ vaha sAmAnya rUpa se vikasita hone lagatA hai| isa bhrUNa dvArA utpanna navajAta zizu meM guNasUtra (Chromotoms) vehI hote haiM jo ki Dogara perenTa ke hote haiN| isakI AkRti bhI Donara perenTa jaisI hI hotI hai evaM liMga bhI vahI hotA hai| Page #134 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ - * yahI yaha spaSTa kara denA ucita hogA ki Donara perenTa evaM klona donoM hI alaga-alaga astitva ke svataMtra jIva hai cUMki Donara ke zarIra kI pratyeka kozikA svayaM meM paripUrNa hai ata: usakA nyUkliyasa alaga hokara eka svataMtra evaM paripUrNa ikAI ke rUpa meM vikasita ho gyaa| loga kA AyuSya, bhAvanAyeM eva kriyAvidhiyA~ bhI apane Donara se bhinna hogii| cUMki phalola banAne ke liye bhUla ke garbhAzaya meM rakhA gayA hai asa; jainadharma ke AdhAra para isa prakAra ke pacendriya jIvoM ke garbha janma hai| zeSa catarindriya taka ke jIvoM ke klona taiyAra karane ke liye ucita vAtAvaraNa hI kAphI hotA hai ata: unake sammUrchana janma kI puSTi hotI hai| liMga (veda) ke liye tasvArthasUtra meM nimna varNana hai - nArakasammanio napuMsakAni // 50 // arthAt nAraka aura sammUrchana napuMsaka hote haiN| cUMki vijJAna abhI narakagati kI vivecanA nahIM kara sakA hai ata: yahA~ kevala sammUrcchana jIvo kI hI carcA kreNge| vanaspatikAyika jIvo meM manuSyo athavA pazuoM jaisA liga bheda nahIM hotA hai| unakI bAhya AkRti ko dekhane para nara athavA mAdA kI pahicAna nahIM ho pAtI hai| jina vanaspatiyoM me parAgaNa se niSecana hotA hai unameM avazya puSpa Ane ke pazcAta kucha samaya ke liye jananAMga vikasita ho jAte hai jo ki parAgaNa evaM niSecana ke turanta pazcAt naSTa ho jAte haiM arthAt yaha eka asthAyI evaM alpakAlika kriyA hai| sthAyI jananAgoM kA abhAva hone se unheM nara athavA mAdA kI zreNI meM na rakhakara napusakaveda hI kahA gayA hai| AThaveM adhyAya meM nAmakarma ke bheda isa prakAra batAye gaye haiM - gativAhizarIrAmopAinirmANababanasaMpAta svAnasaMhananasparzarasamanyavarNAnuevyAMgurUlaepacAsaparavAlAsapomosovAsavihAyogatacA prtyekshriirbssubhgsusvrshubhsmpaaptisiraadevbspiilisetsmitiikrvN||1|| ___ arthAt gati, jAti, zarIra, agopAMga, nirmANa, bandhana, saghAta, saMsthAna, sahanana, sparza, rasa, gandha, varNa, mAnupUrNa, agurulaghu, upacAta, paraghAta, Atapa, udyota, ucchavAsa aura vihAyogati tathA pratipakSabhUta prakRtiyoM ke sAtha arthAt sAdhAraNa zarIra aura pratyeka zarIra, sthAvara aura prasa, durbhaga aura subhaga, duHsvara aura susvara, azubha aura zubha, bAdara aura sUkSma, aparyApta aura paryApta, asthira aura sthira, anAveya aura Adeya, ayaza:kIrti aura yaza:kIrti evaM tIrthakara ye bayAlIsa nAma karma ke bheda haiN| ukta meM se kucha bhedoM ko bAyoTeknAlaoNjI ke anusAra spaSTa kiyA jA sakatA hai| jaisA ki pahile batAyA gayA hai ki jIva kozikA ke nAbhika (nyUkliyasa) meM kromosomsa meM jInsa hote haiN| ina jInsa kI upasthiti, parimANa, vyavasthA mAdi se hI zarIra racanA kA nirdhAraNa hotA hai| svasthya bharIra vAle manuSyoM meM jahA~ yaha jInsa suvyavasthita hote haiM vahIM yadi ina jInsa kI sthiti badala jAve to zarIra meM kaI vikRtiyoM paidA ho jAtI haiN| pUre zarIra meM hajAroM prakAra kI saMracanA ke liye alaga-alaga jInsa hote haiM eka mAmUlI se parivartana se hI AgopAga kI racanA, vyavahAra, zakti, svara, sparza, gandha, varSAdi meM parivartanamA sakate haiN| zarIranAmakarma, aMgopAMga nAmakarma, saMsthAna nAmakarma, nirmANanAmakarma, bandhananAmakarma, saMcAtanAmakarma, saMsthAnanAmakarma, saMhanananAmakarma, sparzanAmakarma, rasanAmakarma, gandhamAmakarma evaM varNanAmakarma Adiko gadi vaijJAnika dRSTi se dekhe to pratIta hotA hai ki yaha saba nAmakarma dvArA zarIra meM jInsa sthApita evaM prabhAvita hote haiN| Page #135 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ tasmArthasUtra-nika/79 'yahA~ prazna uTha sakatA hai ki jainadharma ke anusAra to jIva ke zarIra kI racanA karmoM ke anusAra hotI hai phira aratTeknAlaoNjI athavA jIna abhiyAMtrikI ke dvArA zarIra racanA kI avadhAraNA kI kisa prakAra vyAkhyA kI jAvegI ? kyoki klojI meM prayAsa hotA hai ki manacAhe guNa zarIra meM praviSTa karA skeN| yahA~ yaha spaSTa karanA ucita hogA ki jainadharma ke anusAra bhI karmoM meM udIraNA, utkarSaNa, apakarSaNa tathA saMkramaNa saMbhava hai| jisake kAraNa karmoM meM parivartana bhI kiyA jA sakatA hai| puruSArtha dvArA karmoM kI nirjarA samaya se pahile bhI kI jA sakatI hai| karmoM kI kAla maryAdA evaM tIvratA ko ghaTAyA, bar3hAyA jA sakatA hai tathA karma eka bheda se sajAtIya dUsare bheda meM bhI badala sakatA hai| udaya meM A rahe karmoM ke phala dene kI zaktiko kucha samaya ke liye dabAyA jA sakatA hai tathA kAlavizeSa ke liye unheM phala dene meM akSama bhI kiyA jA sakatA hai ise upazama kahate haiN| karmoM kA vipAka dravya, kSetra, kAla evaM bhAva ke anusAra hotA hai| yaha vipAka nimitta ke Azrita hai evaM usI ke anusAra phala detA hai| zarIra evaM vyaktitva ke nirmANa meM AnuvaMzikatA, bAtAvaraNa, bhaugolikatA, paryAvaraNa atyanta prabhAva DAlate hai ataH nAmakarma ke alAvA ina sabhI sthitiyoM kA bhI atyanta mahatva hotA hai| ataH jeneTika iMjIniyarI se vibhinna prakAra ke guNoM kA samAveza karanA jInsa ke siddhAnta ke anusAra saMbhava hai evaM karmasiddhAnta ke anusAra bhI karmoM meM saMkramaNa saMbhava hai / ata: yaha niSkarSa nikAlA jA sakatA hai ki tattvArthasUtra ke aneka adhyAyoM ke sUtroM meM varNita zarIra evaM jIvoM kI sthiti Adhunika bAyoTeknAlaoNjI evaM jeneTika iMjIniyarI se sAmya pratIta hotI hai| phira bhI vijJAna abhI bhI aneka sthitiyoM ko spaSTa nahIM kara sakA hai jaise ki AtmA evaM usakA zarIra parivartana Adi / sandarbha pustaka sUcI 1. svataMtratA ke sUtra (mokSazAstra) AcArya kanakanandI mahArAja, dharmadarzanavijJAna zodha saMsthAna baDauta, 2. bAyoTeknAlaoNjI - esa. esa. purohita evaM mahendra asIja egrovAyosa prakAzana, jodhapura 3. e prekTIkala metuela phaoNra plANTa bAyoTeknAlaoNjI- jI, tejovanI, vimalA vAya. evaM rekhA bhadauriyA, sIbIe prakAzana, naI dillI 4. kloniMga tathA karmasiddhAnta - DaoN. anilakumAra jaina, AsthA aura anveSaNa, jJAnodaya vidyApITha, bhopAla, pRSTha 1-10. Page #136 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ 80/andery Free bhUgIla evaM khagIla : tattvArthasUna ke sandarbha meM * paM. abhayakumAra jaina karaNAnuyoga, dravyAnuyoga aura caraNAnuyoga ko apane meM samAhita karane vAlA, digambara aura zvetAmbara donoM hI sampradAyoM meM samAna rUpa se mAnya / priya tattvArthasUtra / mokSazAstra eka bahumUlya va bahumAnya kRti hai| isameM jinAgama ke mUlatatvoM ko 357 sUtroM meM nibaddha kiyA gayA hai| saMskRtabhASA meM nibaddha sUtrazailI kA yaha Adya sUtra grantha hai ora isake racayitA AcArya zrI umAsvAmI saMskRtabhASA ke Adya sUtrakAra haiN| isameM jainadharma kA sAra hai| jitanI vistRta TIkAe~ isa grantharAja para likhI milatI haiM utanI anya kisI grantha para nahIM / AcArya zrI umAsvAmI ke pazcAt -vartI aneka AcAryoM ne isa para aneka TIkAe~ likhI, jinameM AcArya pUjyapAda kI tattvArthavRtti jisakA apara nAma sarvArthasiddhi hai| isake bAda zrIakalaMkadeva ne tattvArtharAjavArtika eva AcArya vidyAnanda svAmI ne tattvArthazlokavArtika nAmaka vistRta TIkAe~ likhiiN| zvetAmbaroM meM bhI tattvArthAdhigamabhASya, AcArya siddhasena gaNi kRta eva AcArya haribhadrasUrikRta vizeSa prasiddha bhASya upalabdha hote haiN| zvetAmbarAbhimata tattvArthasUtra meM kula 344 sUtra haiM, jinameM zAbdika bheda hone ke sAtha-sAtha kahIM kahIM saiddhAntika dRSTi se bhI matabheda hai| sUtra rUpa meM grathita isa grantharAja meM jainAcAra-vicAra, siddhAnta, nyAya, darzana Adi ke sAtha-sAtha jJAna-vijJAna kA viSaya bhI sUtra rUpa meM grathita hai| isameM jIvavijJAna, prANivijJAna, bhautikavijJAna, rasAyanavijJAna, bhUgola- khagola vijJAna Adi kA bhI kathana hai| jisakA vistAra hI paravartI TIkAoM meM upalabdha hotA hai| tattvAryasUtra evaM jainavAkmaya meM bhUgola-gola - tattvArthasUtra ke tIsare aura cauthe adhyAya meM jaina bhUgolakhagola kA saMkSepa meM vivecana hai| jisakA vistAra paravartI AcAryoM kI TIkAoM meM huA hai| aneka AcAryoM ne jaina bhUgolakhagola ke paricAyaka vistRta granthoM kA bhI praNayana kiyA hai, jinameM AcArya zrI yativRSabha kI tiloyapaNNattI aura AcArya nemicandra siddhAntacakravartI kA trilokasAra pramukha hai| anya svatantra racanAoM meM jambUdvIpaprajJapti, dvIpasAgaraprajJapti, sUryaprajJapti, candraprajJapti Adi ullekhanIya haiN| purANakAroM ne bhI apanI-apanI racanAoM meM jainAbhimata bhUgola - khagola kA vivecana prasaGgAnusAra kiyA hai| jainabhUgola-bagola karaNAnuyoga kA viSaya hai AcArya samantabhadra svAmI ne ratnakaraNDa zrAvakAcAra meM kahA 'loka- aloka ke vibhAga, yugoM ke parivartana aura caturgati ke svarUpa ko prakAzita karane ke lie karaNAnuyoga darpaNa kI taraha hai|' isa anuyoga meM pratipAdita samasta vivaraNa indriyajJAnagamya na hone se AsthA ke viSaya haiM, kyoMki svarganaraka to parokSa haiM aura dvIpa samudra Adi padArtha dUravartI aura atyanta prAcIna haiN| sUrya, candra, graha, nakSatra Adi khagolIya * kAnUnago cArDa, bInA phona 07580 224803 * Page #137 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ piNDa bhI dArtha haiN| sabhI kevalaugamya haiN| dhyAnastha zramaNa saMsthAnaviSaya dharmadhyAna meM inake svarUpa, vistAra Adi ke viSaya meM cintayana kiyA karate haiN| yo mAnyatAeM - bhUgola-khagola viSaya meM do pramukha mAnyatAe~ vartamAna meM pracalita haiM - ka, bhAdhunika mAnyatA aura kha. prAcIna ka.bAdhanika mAnyatA - Adhunika bhUgola kA samAveza hotA hai, jise Aja ke vaijJAnikoM ne bAhA paridRzya kA nirIkSaNa, parIkSaNa aura vizleSaNa kara prayogoM ke AdhAra para pramANita kiyA hai aura jisake AdhAra para Adhunika vizva ke sabhI kArya-kalApa (samaya-nirdhAraNa, sabhI Arthika vyApArika kriyAe~, yAtAyAta-parivahana, dUradarzana, dUrasaMcAra, upagrahaprakSepaNa Adi) saMcAlita haiN| ba. prAcIna mAnyatA - isameM bhUgola-khagola kA vaha paridRzya hai, jise hamAre AcAryoM bhagavantoM ne sarvazadeva kI divyadhvani ke anusAra vAGmaya meM lipibaddha kiyA hai| jainAgama ke karaNAnuyoga pratipAdaka zAstroM meM/purANoM meM hameM isake rUpa-svarUpa sunane-par3hane ko milate haiN| yahI jaina bhUgola hai| isameM triloka kA savistAra varNana hai| triloka kI sthitivistAra, vibhAga, kSetraphala, dhanaphala, svarga-naraka, dvIpa-samudra, kulAcala, parvata, nadiyA~, kRtrimAkRtrima racanAe~, kAlaparivartana, tadanusAra deva-nArakiyoM aura bhogabhUmija karmabhUmija /kubhogabhUmija manuSya-tiryaMcoM kA paryAvaraNa anusAra kriyAkalApa Adi kA varNana isakA pratipAdya hai| inake cara-acara jyotiSka devoM kA varNana bhI isI kA khagolIya vivecana prastuta karatA hai / astu, jaina bhUgola-khagola kA kSetra/viSaya bahuta vyApaka hai, hRdayAvarjaka aura vismayakArI hai| mAdhunika bhUgola - Adhunika bhUgola sauryamaNDala ko lekara sRSTi kI vivecanA karatA hai| eka sUrya aura usake grahoM, upagrahoM, kSudra graho, pucchala tArAoM aura ulkAoM ke samUha ko aura saura-parivAra yA mauryamaNDala kahate haiN| pratyeka sauryamaNDala kA kendra sUrya hotA hai| sabhI graha apane-apane upagrahoM ke sAtha isake cAro bhora cakkara lagAte hai| hamAre sauraparivAra kI utpatti 4.5 - 5 araba varSa pUrva huI hai| isake anusAra pramukha mAnyatAe~ haiM - 1. brAhmaNDa meM sauryamaNDala kA janaka sUrya hai| 2. isake 9 graha aura 31 upagraha haiN| 3. sUrya eka garama gaisIya svata: prakAzita piNDa hai| 4. prANamUlaka UrjA kA udgama aura anantazakti kA srota bhI yahI hai| 5. isI se pRthvI ko tApa va prakAza prApta hote haiN| 6. pRthvI sUrya ke 9 grahoM meM se eka hai| 7. pRthvI ke vyAsa se sUrya kA vyAsa 109 gunA bar3A hai| 8. yaha pRthvI se 15 karo ki. mI. dUra hai|| .. 9. isakI bAharI sataha kA topa 60 salsiyasa hai| . . Page #138 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ 10. sUrya-prakAza ko pRthvI taka Ane meM 8 minaTa lagate haiN| 11. sUrya eka tArA hai, pRthvI eka graha hai| 12. pRthvI sUrya prakAza se prakAzita hotI hai| 13. sUrya kA padArtha bahuta halkA hai| 14. sUrya gaisarUpa hai jabaki pRthvI Thosa hai| 15. sUrya kA bhramaNa bahuta dhImA hai, jabaki pRthvI dhurI para bar3e vega se ghUma rahI hai| saura parivAra kA sabase mahattvapUrNa graha pRthvI hai, kyoMki buddhi yukta mAnava jIvana isI para pAyA jAtA hai| anya astitva bhI isI para hai| geMda ke AkAra kA Thosa piNDa hai, jo dhuvoM para kucha capaTA hai| zukra aura maMgala kA eka cakkara lagA letI hai| pRthvI kI dainika gati aura vArSika gati ke phala svarUpa hI rAta-dina aura Rtuparivartana hote haiN| isake cAroM ora vAyumaNDala hai| jisameM aneka gaiseM haiN| bhArI gaiseM nIce kI ora aura halkI gaiseM Upara kI ora haiN| jalavASpa kA astitva bhI vAyumaNDala meM pAyA jAtA hai| isI pRthvI graha para hI eziyA, yUropa, AphrIkA, AsTreliyA, uttarI amerikA, dakSiNI amerikA - ye 6 mahAdvIpa tathA Amdha, prazAnta, hinda, uttarI evaM dakSiNI dhruva mahAsAgaroM kA vistAra hai| dharAtala viSama haiN| kahIM parvata, himazikhara, paThAra, maidAna marUsthala aura saghana bana haiM, to kahIM athAha mahAsAgara, sAgara, jhIleM aura choTI-bar3I nadiyA~ haiN| nAnAvidha banaspati aura nAnAraMga-rUpa, prakRti tathA bhaugolika paryAvaraNa ke anusAra kriyA-kalApoM meM salagna haiN| yahI dRzyamAna jagata hI Aja kA vizva hai / Adhunika bhUgola meM isI kA varNana hai| aura bhUgola - ananta AkAza ke madhya loka kI sthiti ko spaSTa karate hue loka ke AkAra, vistAra, kSetraphala, vibhAga Adi kA vizada vivecana hai| yaha loka jIvAdi chaha dravyoM se parivyApta hai, jitane AkAza meM chahoM dravya haiM, vahI loka hai| yaha loka anAdi hai, anidhana, akRtrima hai| yaha kisI ke dvArA banAyA nahIM gayA aura na hI kisI ke dvArA saMcAlita yA nAza ko prApta hotA hai| ananta alokAkAza ke bIcoM-bIca nirAdhAra sIke kI taraha loka kI sthiti hai / donoM paira phailAkara kamara para hAtha rakhe puruSa ke AkAra ke samAna loka kA AkAra hai| yaha sampUrNa loka Upara-nIce 14 rAjU U~cA hai| yaha tIna bhAgoM meM vibhakta hai-Urya, madhyama aura adholoka / ise ghanodadhivAtavalaya, dhanavAtabalaya aura tanuvAtavalaya isa prakAra ghere haiM ki jaise vRkSa chAla se ghirA hotA hai| inameM adholoka vetrAsana, madhyamaloka thAlI va Urdhvaloka mRdaMga ke AkAra jaisA hai| isakA ghanaphala 343 pamarAjU hai| loka kI caur3AI narakoM ke nIce pUrva-pazcima sAta rAjU hai| Upara krama se ghaTakara sAta rAjU kI UMcAI para madhyama loka meM eka rAjUhI caur3A hai| isake Upara phailatA humA yaha loka sADhe basa rAjU kI U~cAI para brahmaloka svarga ke anta meM isakI caur3AI pA~ca rAjU evaM phira ghaTate hue siddhAlaya ke Upara eka rAjU mAtra hai| uttara dakSiNa sarvaka sAla rAjU moTA hai nIce kapara loka kI UMcAI cauvaha rAjU hai / isameM jIvAdi chahoM dravya hai tathA isake anyAta pradezA hai| Page #139 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ .. molI meM se eka polI mAMsa kI nalI basI kara dI ho, jaise hI loka ke bIca meM asatAtI hai| yaha rAjU kamI evaM sarvatra eka rAbU lambI-caur3I hai| isI meM trasa jIvoM kA nivAsa rahatA hai| loka kA nicalA hissA amoloka hai| jo sAta rAjU U~cA hai, jahA~ sAtoM narakoM meM nArakI jIva hai|rlprbhaa pRthvI ke pahabhAga meM asurakumAroM ke bhavana aura rAkSasoM ke AvAsa hai| zeSa bhavanavAsI aura vyantaradevoM ke AvAsa kharabhAga meM haiN| loka ke UparI bhAga ko Urvaloka kahate haiN| yaha 10 yojana kama sAta rAjU U~cA hai| isame vaimAnika devoM kA nivAsa tathA zikhara para siddhAlaya hai| apasthita kSetra-triloka ke antargata do prakAra kA kSetra hai - avasthita evaM anavasthita / jahA~ SaTkAla parivartana nahIM hotA hai, sadA eka-sI vartanA rahatI hai vaha avasthita hai| adholoka evaM Urdhvaloka meM avasthita kSetra hai| madhyamaloka meM bhI adhikAMza bhAga avasthita hotA hai| inameM bhogabhUmi, kubhogabhUmi evaM karmabhUmi ke mlecchakhaNDa meM bilkula hI parivartana nahIM hotaa| manapasthita beSa- bharata aura airAvata ke 5-5 AryakhaNDoM meM hI utsarpiNI aura abasarpiNI ke 6-6 kAla parivartana hote haiN| tadanusAra hAnivRddhi aura parivartana hote rahate haiM / ataH ye kSetra anavasthita haiN| bhAkhaNDoM meM prasava evaM kAyAkalpa - avasarpiNI aura utsarpiNI kAlacakra ke anusAra bharata aura airAvata kSetro ke AryakhaNDoM meM SaTkAla parivartana hotA hai| avasarpiNI ke anta meM chaThe kAla ke anta meM saMvartaka vAyu, parvata, vRkSa, bhami Adi kA carNa karatI haI dizAoM ke anta taka bhamaNa karatI hai. jisase vahA~ sthita jIva macchita ho jAte haiM. kacha mara bhI jAte haiN| kucha puNyAtmAoM ko vidyAdhara dayA karake guphAoM meM vediyoM aura biloM meM rakha dete haiN| tatpazcAta chaThe kAla ke anta meM hI kramaza: pavana, atizIta, kSArarasa, viSa, kaThora agni, dhUla aura dhuoN inakI 7-7 dina taka varSA hotI hai| saMvartaka vAyu ke prakopa se bace manuSya ina kuvRSTiyoM se kAlakavalita ho jAte haiN| kAlavaza viSa evaM agni kI varSA se dagdha chaI pRthvI eka yojana nIce taka cUra-cUra ho jAtI hai| utsarpiNI ke prathama kAla meM megha, kramaza: jala, dUdha, ghI, amRta aura rasa kI varSA sAta-sAta dina taka karate haiM / jalAdi kI varSA se pRthvI uSNatA ko chor3akara ThaDI hotI hai / sundara chavi, snigdhatA, dhAnya auSadhi Adi ko dhAraNa karatI hai| jala kI varSA se bela, latA, gulma vRkSa Adi saba vRddhi ko prApta hote haiN| sukAla A jAtA hai| taba devoM aura vidyAdharoM dvArA dayApUrvaka bacAkara le jAe gaye vijayAI kI guphAoM, gagA-sindhu kI vediyoM, kSudra biloM Adi ke nikaTa, nadI ke kinAre guphA Adi meM rahane vAle jIva dharAtala kI zItalatA sugandha Adi se AkRSTa hokara vahA~ se nikalakara sAre bhUbhAga meM phaila jAte haiN| dhIre-dhIre kucha hI samaya meM bhogabhUmi kI sthiti nirmita ho jAtI hai / bharata-airAvata kSetroM ke AryakhaNDoM kA kAyAkalpa ho jAtA hai| ___ Adhunika bhUgola ke anusAra tIna maNDaloM meM vibhakta hamArI pRthvI aura usakA pariveza satata parivartanazIla hai| pRthvI para jalamaNDala aura sthalamaNDala kA vistAra hai aura vAyumaNDala isa dharA ko saba ora se ghere hue hai| isa pRthvI para vidyamAna sabhI sAmara aura jalAzaya taraMgoM aura bArAmoM se sadA hI cala jAne rahate haiM, tIna-prahAroM se taTIya bhUrUpoM meM parivartana lAte rahate haiN| vAyumaNDala meM vidyamAna aura jalavA tApamAna kI ghaMTA bI ke sAta mausamI badanAma karate rahate haiN| kabhI dhUpa, kabhI chAva, kabhI bAdala, kabhI varSA, kabhI AMdhI, kabhI tUphAna, kahIM sUkhA, kahIM gAda - saba vAyumaNDala kI Page #140 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ 184/kArya-nikava kSaNa-kSaNa badalatI dazA ke hI pariNAma hai| ye saba bhI dharAtalIya svarUpa meM parivartana lAte haiN| isI taraha sthalamaNDala ke 'parivartana meM bhUkampa, jvAlAmukhI Adi Antarika zaktiyA~ haiN| isa taraha Adhunika evaM jaina bhUgola ke AdhAra se nimna bAteM ubhara kA AtI haiN| yathA 1. sRSTi kA Adi haiM aura anta bhI hogA / 2. loka kI koI sunizcita avadhAraNA nahIM hai| isakA koI AkAra bhI nahIM hai| 3. sUrya sthira hai| pRthvI Adi graha usakA cakkara (parikramA) lagAte hai 4. sUrya eka garama gaisIya svayaM prakAzavAna piNDa hai aura sabhI grahoM kA janaka hai| sabhI graha prakAza tathA uSmA sUrya se hI prApta karate haiN| pRthvI kI cA~danI sUrya prakAza kI praticchAyA hai| 5. pRthvI Adi sabhI graha golAkAra haiN| 6. Adhunika bhUgola meM svargoM-narakoM kI koI kalpanA / avadhAraNA nahIM haiM / 7. pRthvI apanI dhurI para paribhramaNa karatI hai, jisase dina-rAta hote haiM tathA apane graha-patha para sUrya ke cAro ora paribhramaNa karatI hai, jisase Rtu parivartana hote hai| pRthvI 365. 25 dina meM sUrya kA eka cakkara lagA letI hai| pRthvI kI dainika gati se rAta-dina hote hai aura vArSika gati se RtueM badalatI hai| vArSika gati se hI uttarAyaNadakSiNAyana hote haiN| 8. Adhunika bhUgola kA dRzya jagata isa pRthvI graha para vidyamAna 6 mahAdvIpa, 5 mahAsAgaro sahita choTe-choTe dvIpa aura samudro taka sImita hai / 9. isake bhaugolika tathya sImita haiN| * 10. isake tathya sAvyavahArika pratyakSa haiM / 11. Antarika evaM bAhyazaktiyoM dvArA dharAtalIya svarUpa meM nirantara parivartana jArI hai| parvatoM kA nirmANa / mahAdvIpoM kA pravahaNa / taToM kA unmajjana- nimajjana, paThAro-maidAno ke dharAtalIya svarUpoM kA bananA-bigar3anA Adi / 12. bhaugolika tathyoM (sthalIya dUriyo samudrI dUriyA~ gaharAI / tApamAna / varSA / ArdratA / vAyubhAra / gati / zakti Adi) ko nApane ke lie Adhunika bhUgola meM vibhinna mApaka nirdhArita kiye gaye hai| 1. sRSTi anAdi anidhana hai| 2. loka kI sunizcitatA hai aura isakA AdhAra bhI sunizcita hai| 3. pRthvI sthira hai| sUrya, candra, graha, nakSatra Adi apane-apane patha para sumeru parvata kI parikramA karate haiM (kevala manuSya loka meM, isake bAhara sabhI sthira haiM / ) 4. sabhI jyotiSkoM meM candramA indra hai, sUrya pratIndra hai| ina sabhI vimAnoM se kiraNeM phailatI haiN| sUryavimAna se garama aura candravimAna se zItala kiraNeM nikalatI haiN| Page #141 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ 185 5. pRthvI kA dharAtala tiryak loka meM jambUdvIpa kA yAlI ke AkAra kA gola tathA capaTA hai / anya dvIpa-samudra valayAkAra rUpa se eka dUsare ko ghere hue haiN| 81 6. jaina bhUgola meM svargoM aura gairakoM kA astitva mAnA gayA hai tathA bar3e vistAra ke sAtha unakA varNana bhI kiyA gayA hai| 3. pRthvI sthira hai| sUrya-candra apanI-apanI bIthiyoM meM sumeru parvata kI parikramA karate haiN| isase dina-rAta hote haiN| jambUdvIpa meM do sUrya aura do candramA haiM, jo bhAmane-sAmane rahakara sumeru kI parikramA karate haiN| jambUdvIpa meM 180 yojana bhItara se lavaNasamudra meM 330 yojana taka 510 yojana meM candramA kI 15 aura sUrya kI 184 vIpiyA~ haiN| ye pratidina eka-eka galI meM hokara bhItarI se bAharI galI meM se sumeru ke cAroM ora ghUmate haiN| candramA pahalI antima 15 vIM bIthI meM 15 dina meM pahu~catA hai tathA antima se prathama meM 15 dina meM vApisa AtA hai| isase kRSNapakSazuklapakSa hote haiN| sUrya 6 mAha meM pahalI vIthI se antima vIthI meM pahu~catA hai aura 6 mAha meM vApisa pahalI vIthI meM AtA hai| isase Rtue~ badalatI haiN| yahI uttarAyaNa dakSiNAyana kahalAtA hai| 8. isameM mAtra eka rAjU lambe-caur3e tiryaka, loka meM jambUdvIpa se svayaMbhUramaNadvIpa aura lavaNasamudra se svayaMbhUramaNasamudra taka asaMkhyAta dvIpa aura samudra vidyamAna haiN| samudra atyanta gahare pAtAloM se yukta hai| dvIpoM meM hajAroM yojana U~ce parvata bhI vidyamAna haiN| jambUdvIpa meM sumeru parvata eka lAkha yojana U~cA hai| 9. isake asImita haiM, jinakI bhAva-bhAsanA mAtra hI kI jA sakatI hai| 10. isake sabhI tathya kevalI pratyakSa haiN| 11. jainabhUgola ke anusAra bharata airAvata kSetroM ke 10 AryakhaNDoM ko chor3akara zeSa sabhI kSetra avasthita haiN| inameM avasarpiNI ke 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 veM kAla jaisI vartanA bhinna-bhinna kSetroM meM sadAkAla rahatI hai| SaTkAla parivartana kevala bharataairAvata kSetroM ke AryakhaNDoM meM hI hotA hai tathA chaThe ke anta meM pralaya aura utsarpiNI ke prathama kAla ke prArambha meM suvRSTiyoM ke uparAnta sukAla AtA hai| 12. jaina bhUgola meM bhI apane mApaka haiM, jo Aja ke mApakoM se bhinna haiN| jaise rAjU, jagacchreNI, palya-palyopama, sAgara-sAgaropama, sUcI, pratara, yojana, koza, dhanuSa Adi / ye sabhI adbhuta evaM AzcaryakArI haiM tathA hamArI bhAva -bhAsanA ke viSaya haiN| - upasaMhAra * Adhunika vaijJAnikoM ne nirIkSaNa-parIkSaNa, vizleSaNa karake jo bhUgola- sagola sambandhI tathya saMgrahIta kiye haiM ve cU~ki anumAna para AdhArita hai, isalie vivAdita bhI haiN| mAtra pRthvImaNDala kI racanA pratyakSa hone se sarvasammata hai| yaMtroM se prApta jAnakArI kI apekSA yogiyoM kI dRSTi adhika vizvasta evaM vistRta rahI hai| AvazyakatA hai kiM vizeSajJa samudAya prAcIna evaM Adhunika bhUgola ke sambandha meM ApasI melakara baiThAkara naye tathyoM ko ujAgara kara sakate haiN| Page #142 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ poTAlika skandhI kA vaijJAnika vizleSaNa ____ * ajita kumAra jaina sArAMza:- prastuta Alekha kA mUla pratipAdya viSaya AcArya umAsvAmI dvArA nirUpita paudagalika skaMdha aura unake nirmANa kI prakriyA, skaMdha nirmANa hetu Avazyaka bindu evaM nirmita skaMdha kI prakRti ko Adhunika rasAyana vijJAna ke Aloka meM samajhanA hai| prastuta Alekha meM nimnAMkita sUtroM kA vaijJAnika vizleSaNa karane kA prayAsa kiyA gayA hai| 1. vasaMcAtebhya utpadyante (adhyAya - 5 sUtra naM. 27) 2. vasaMcAtAbhyAM cAkSuSaH (adhyAya - 5 sUtra naM. 28 ) - 3. snigdharUkSalAda baMdha: (adhyAya - 5 sUtra naM. 33 ) 4. na jaghanyaguNAnAm (adhyAya - 5 sUtra naM. 34 ) 5. guNa-sAmye sadRzAnAm (adhyAya - 5 sUtra naM. 35 ) 6. upadhikAdiguNAnAM tu (adhyAya - 5 sUtra naM. 36 ) 1. baMdhedhiko pAriNAmikI ca (adhyAya - 5 sUtra naM. 37) / prastAvanA :- uparyukta sUtroM kA vizleSaNa nimnAMkita binduoM para AdhArita hai| 1. vijJAna mAnya paramANu jaina darzanakAroM kI dRSTi se skaMdha mAnA jAyagA kyoki paramANu ke nAbhika meM tIna prakAra ke maulika kaNa upasthita rahate haiN| 2.jaina darzana meM aNu evaM paramANu samAnArthaka haiM, jabaki vijJAna meM aNu ko paramANu se bhinna mAnA gayA hai| vijJAna mAnya aNu kI utpatti do yA do se adhika samAna paramANuoM athavA asamAna paramANuoM ke yoga se mAnI gayI hai| 3. bhAcArya umAsvAmI ne "snigdharUkSatvAbaMdhaH" nAmaka sUtra meM jo snigdha evaM rUkSa paramANuoM kA ullekha kiyA hai vAstava meM unakA snigdha paramANuoM se tAtparya dhAtvika paramANuoM evaM rUkSa paramANuoM se tAtparya adhAtvika paramANuoM se rahA hogA / (tattvArtha rAjavArtika, peja naM. 700) dhAtu tattva jaise somA, cA~dI, lohA, jastA Adi snigdha tattva (Element) haiN| ina tatvoM kI vaidyuta RNAtmakatA (paramANuoM kA eka viziSTa guNa) adhAtu tattvoM ke paramANuoM kI tulanA meM kama hotI hai evaM yaha tattva kSArakIya guNa vAle prAdhyApaka rasAyana zAstra, seTha sitAvarAya lakSmIcaMda jaina mahAvidyAlaya, vidizA (ma.pra.) Page #143 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ 5. adhAtu tatva jaise silIkAna, boraoNna, hIrA (kArbana) klorIna, bromIna, phlorIna Adi rUkSa tatva haiN| ina tatvoM kI vaidyuta RNAtmakatA dhAtu tattvoM kI tulanA meM adhika tathA svabhAva se amlIya hote haiM / ukta binduoM ko AdhAra mAnakara skaMdha nirmANa kI tInoM prakriyAoM ko rAsAyanika samIkaraNoM ke mAdhyama se samajhAne kA prayAsa kiyA gayA hai| darzana paudgalika skaMdhoM evaM unake paramANuoM kA Adhunika rasAyana vijJAna meM jo vizad vivecana-vizleSaNa hameM prApta hotA hai usI prakAra kA sUkSma evaM pramANika vivecana hajAroM varSa pUrva aneka jaina darzanakAroM ne kiyA hai| ina darzanakAroM meM AcArya umAsvAmI kA sthAna pramukha hai| tattvArtha sUtra nAmaka unake graMtha meM paudgalika skadhoM kA jaisA sAMgopAMga vivecana huA hai aura unake niSkarSa jisa taraha Adhunika rasAyana vijJAna kI kasauTI para khare utare haiM unheM dekhakara Azcarya hotA hai| AcArya umAsvAmI ne paudgalika skaMdha kI vivecanA meM pudgala, pudgala ke guNa, pudgala ke bheda, pudgala kI paryAya, pudgala paramANu, paudgalika skaMdha (MOLECULE) aura unake nirmANa kI prakriyA Adi viSayoM para jo avadhAraNAyeM prastuta kI haiM unako dekhakara spaSTa rUpa se kahA jA sakatA hai ki jaina darzanakAroM kI bhedavijJAna dRSTi atyata sUkSma evaM vizada thii| paramANu - jaina darzana kI hi meM jaina darzana meM paramANu se tAtparya pudgala ke usa laghu se laghu aMza se hai jise aura vibhAjita na kiyA jA sake arthAt jo eka pradezI hai|' AcArya akalaMka deva ne paramANu kI vizeSatA batalAte hue kahA hai ki sabhI pudgala skaMdha paramANuoM se nirmita hai aura paramANu pugala ke sUkSmatama aMza haiN| paramANu nitya, avinAzI aura sUkSama hai| vaha dRSTi dvArA lakSita nahIM ho sakate / paramANu meM koI eka rasa, eka gaMdha, eka varNa aura do sparza (snigdha athavA rUkSa, zIta athavA U SNa) hote haiN| paramANu ke astitva kA anumAna usase nirmita pudrala skaMdha rUpa kArya se lagAyA jA sakatA hai| jaina darzanakAroM ne aNu evaM paramANu ko samAnArthaka mAnA hai| paramANu - vijJAna kI dRSTi meM DAlTana nAmaka vaijJAnika kA vicAra thA ki paramANu dravya kA sUkSmatama eva avibhAjya kaNa hai| yaha dhAraNA unIsavIM zatAbdI ke aMta taka sahI mAnI gaI kintu bIsavIM zatAbdI ke prAraMbha meM thAmasana, radaraphorDa evaM ceDavika Adi vaijJAnikoM ne apane prayogoM ke AdhAra para yaha siddha kara diyA ki paramANu dravya kA aMtima kaNa nahIM haiM isakI bhI apanI eka vizeSa prakAra kI saMracanA hai evaM yaha tIna prakAra ke maulika kaNoM ilaikTraoNna, proTAna va nyUTraoNna se milakara banA hai| radaraphorDa kI apanI bhASA meM 'Atom has a definite structure. It consists of a massive and positively charged central purt which is called Nucleus of the Atom. The Nucleus is surrounded by negatively charged moving small particles called Electrons. The Atom is about ten thousand times larger than its Nucleus. The Nucleus of an Atom is composed of proton, positively charged patricles and neutral particles neutron and about a dozen of smaller particals like positron, meson, pions and nutrino, etc. The sum of the masses of the protons and neutrons is called Atomic mass." 1. mAno:, tasthArthasUtra, 5/11, 31 2. tattvArtha rAjavArtika, AcArya akalaMka deva, bhAratIya jJAnapITha, dillI, adhyAya : 5 kAraNameva vadantyaH sUkSmo nityo bhavetparamANu / ekarasagaMdhavarNA dvisparzaH kAryalaya || Page #144 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ 88 / svArthAnikA ilekTrAma kakSa + hIliyama kI para ANavika saMracanA nAbhika 2 proTAnsa 2 nyUTrAnsa paramANu meM upasthita ina sUkSma kaNoM kI saMkhyA vartamAna meM tIsa taka ho gaI hai paraMtu yaha sabhI (ilekTraoNna, proTAna evaM nyUTraoNna ko chor3akara) alpakAlika haiN| isa prakAra uparyukta paribhASAnusAra vijJAna mAnya paramANu bahupradezI siddha hotA jo ki jaina darzana ke anusAra paramANu na hokara skaMdha kI zreNI meM AtA hai| jaina darzana ke anusAra aNu aura paramANu donoM paryAyavAcI haiM aura aMtima rUpa se avibhAjya haiN| paramANu kI utpatti bheda dvArA arthAt vighaTana dvArA hotI hai|' sAyana vijJAna meM aNu ko paramANu se bhinna mAnA gayA hai aura ise paribhASita karate hue kahA gayA hai ki padArtha kA vaha sUkSmatama aMza jo do yA do se adhika samAna paramANuoM athavA asamAna paramANuoM ke zoga se nirmita hotA hai tathA jo svataMtra avasthA meM raha sakatA hai aura jisameM padArtha (pudrala) ke samasta guNa vidyamAna hoM, aNu kahalAtA hai| isa paribhASAnusAra vijJAna mAnya aNu evaM jaina darzana mAnya skaMdha eka hI haiM pRthaka nahIM, kyoMki eka se adhika aNu yA paramANuoM ke samUha ko skaMdha kahate haiN| vizleSaNa : skaMdhotpatti kI prakriyAyeM vijJAna ke pariprekSya meM - skaMdhotpatti kI prakriyA ko spaSTa karate hue AcArya umAsvAmI ne kahA hai ki 'bheda saMvAtebhya utpadyante arthAt bheda, saMghAta evaM bhedasaMghAta ina tIna prakriyAoM dvArA skaMdhotpatti hotI hai| yahA~ bheda kA artha vighaTana se hai tathA saMghAta kA tAtparya hai saMyojana se aura bhedasaMghAta kA artha hai bheda aura saMghAta kA sAtha-sAtha honaa| kucha skaMdha bheda arthAt paraspara vighaTita hokara nirmita hote haiM to kucha skaMdha saMghAta arthAt paraspara saMyojana ke phalasvarUpa banate haiM tathA kucha skaMdha aise bhI haiM jo vighaTava aura saMyojana donoM prakriyAoM ke eka sAtha hone para nirmita hote haiM / 2. bahI, 28. rasAyana vijJAna ke anuzIlana se bhI ina tInoM prakriyAoM kA patA calatA hai| kucha aise udAharaNa milate haiM jinameM bheda dvArA skaMdhotpatti hotI hai| 1. dung, wenfin, 4/27.. Page #145 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ + 2Pbobs (a) K.SO. AI,(SOS), 24H_0 92%C-K, , +AILO + so, 24 HO phiTakarI .. poTAziyama elyUmIniyama salphara TrAya .. jala oNksAiDa baoNnasAiDa , oNksAiDa (2) 2Feso. 720degC Fe,o, +so, +so, ' pherasa salpheTa pherika oNksAiDa salphara DaoNya salphara TrAya oNksAiDa. oNksAiDa / (3) NHANO, garma karane para No + 21,0 amoniyama nAiTreTa nAiTrasa AksAiDa jala (4) 2Pb(NO,), garma karane para 4NO, .. leDa nAiTreDa nAiTrojana para AksAiDa leDa AksAiDa AksIjana (5) 4LiNO, garma karane para 2Lio + 4No, + lIthiyama nAiTreTa lIthiyama AksAiDa nAiTrojana para AksAiDa AksIjana (6) 2KMNO, garma karane para ___K,Mno. + Mno. + 0 ... poTeziyama paramaiMganeTa poTeziyama meMganeTa meMganIja DAya AksAiDa AksIjana (7) C.Ho. ucca tApa para H.." + CH TeTrA Dekena sekjena... " AkTena ... ..." (8) NaNo, garma karane para 2NaNO. + 0. soDiyama nAiTreTa 7 soDiyama nAiTrAiTa .. AksIjana .. 7) 2ZnSo. 7670 2Zn0 : + 2SO, . jiMka salpheTa jiMka AksAiDa ...... salphara DAya AksAiDa AksIjana (10) Znco, garma karane para garma karane para Zno + co, ___ jiMka kArboneTa jiMka AksAiDa kArbana DAya AksAiDa reDiyo sakriya sAva vighaTana meM daprakriyA sArA hI skaMdhotpati / eka reDiyo sakriya tattva dvArA alphA, bITA evaM gAmA kaNoM kA utsarjana usakA vighaTana kahalAtA hai| reDiyo sakriya tatva jise hama jainAcAryoM kI bhASA meM skaMdhakaha sakate haiM, vighaTita hokara eka nayA tattva detA hai jo Age calakara svayaM hokara eka aura eka nayA tattva detA hai| isa prakAra vighaTana evaM duhitA tattva (Daughter Element) kI utpatti kA anavarata krama taba taka calatA rahatA hai jaba taka anya utpAda ke rUpa meM reDiyo sakriyatAhIna tattva prApta na ho jaave|' ' 232 ..... 228 228 , 228 . Th alphAkaNa , Ra boTAkaNa... Ac bITAkaNa Th, . 90 thoriyama dekhiyama ekvIniyama .....poriyama thA . Page #146 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ 228 Th alphAkaNa 90 thoriyama 216 84 Po poliyama saMghAta dvArA skaMdhotpatti (2) Cl 2 + klorIna + (3) N 2 nAiTrojana () Xe 1 jinAna (5) Xe 1 jinAma 224 220 216 Ra alphAkaNa Rn alphAkaNa Po 86 84 reDAna pIloniyama + : 88 reDiyama alphAkaNa - F2 3 rasAyana vijJAna meM saMghAta dvArA skaMdhotpatti kI prakriyA kA bhI lakSaNa dRSTigocara hotA hai| skaMdhotpatti kI isa prakriyA ko sahasaMyojI baMdha ke rUpa meM samajhA jA sakatA hai| HH sahasaMyojI baMdha meM aNu nirmANa meM bhAga le rahe paramANuoM ke madhya ilekTraoNnsa kI sAjhedArI se jo baMdha banatA hai use sahasaMyojI baMdha evaM nirmita yogika ko sahasaMyojI yaugika (skaMdha) kahA jAtA hai|' (1) 212 208 Pb alphAkaNa Hg 82 80 leDa :N phlorIna 2F2 10 phlorIna = H, aNu : hAyaDrojana H. hAyaDrojana 02 AksIjana marakarI NX Ni TyUba - sUrya kA prakAza vidyuta visarjana nikilaTyUba 400degC =N, aNu iTrojana 208 bITAkaNa TI 81 thetvima 0, = aNu AksIjana 2HCI hAyaDrojana klorAiDa 208 bITAkaNa Pb 82 2 NO nAiTrika AksAiDa Xe F jinAna DAya phlorAiDa XeF leDa jinAna TeTrA phlorAiDa ikTraoNna gAvezitA kiraNeM-le kodosa nahIM / 1.0 evaM ye donoM cinha aNu ke ilekTraoNnoM ko vyakta karate haiN| Page #147 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ tA " ma A RMETROMISM (7) 2NO+ NO. 230 K. 2N,O, . nAiTrika DAya nAiTrojana mAiTrojana sesvavA mAksAiDa TeTrA AksAiDa bAksAiDa (7) 3NaF + AIF, Na AIF soDiyama phlorAiDa elyUminiyama phlorAiDa krAyolAiTa (s) Feso. + (NH.),SO.+ 6H,0->Feso, (NH.), SO.. 6H,0 pherasa salpheTa amoniyama salpheTa jala morhasa lavaNa (7) Kcl M gCl + 6Ho -> KCI. Mg Cl. 6H, poTeziyamaklorAiDa megneziyama klorAiDa jala kArnelAiTa (10) K,so. Also) 24H0->K,so. AI,(So), 24 HO poTeziyama salpheTa elyUminiyamasalpheTa jala phiTakarI bhavasaMpAtArA potpati bheda saMghAta se hone vAlI skaMdhotpatti kI isa prakriyA kI tulanA hama rasAyana vijJAna me mAnya vaidyuta saMyojI baMdha se kara sakate haiN| skaMdha nirmANa kI isa prakriyA meM vijJAna meM mAnya paramANuoM meM se sarvaprathama eka paramANu eka yA eka se adhika ilekTraoNna kA tyAga karatA hai / ilekTraoNna tyAga kI isa prakriyA ko bheda kaheMge, tadoparAnta dUsarA paramANu ina tyAge hue ilekTraoNnsa ko grahaNa karatA hai / ilekTraoNna ke tyAga se prathama paramANu dhana Avezita tathA ilekTraoNnsa ke grahaNa se dUsarA paramANu RNAvezita ho jAtA hai| aMta meM viparIta Avezita Ayansa eka dUsare se vaidyutabala rekhAoM dvArA jur3a jAte haiN| jur3ane kI isa prakriyA ko saMghAta khege| isa prakAra bhedasaMghAta (vaidyutasaMyojI baMdha dvArA) prakriyA dvArA skaMdha (aNu) kA nirmANa ho jAtA hai| (1) soDiyama paramANu Na klorIna paramANu bheda dvArA -10 1+ le sauDiyama Ayana (Na') __ klorAiDa Ayana (CI) M saghAta CI -> Na! vaidyuta bala rekhAyeM namaka kA aNu (3) 4KCN + Fe(CN), pherasa sAyanAiDa saMghAta 4K* + 4CN- + Fe(CN), K(Fe(CN) poTeziyama sAyanAiDa pherasa sAyanAiDa poTeziyama phairo sAyanAiDa Page #148 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ 92/mAnA-liyA | bheda (s) Cocl + 6NH, kobAlTika klorAiDa amoniyA saMghAta Co+ + 3Cl + 6NH, " (CO(NH2)C, kobAlTika klorAiDa amoniyA hekjA amIna kobAlTika klorAiDa Ayana Ayana (4) CuSO, + 4NH, kApara salpheTa, amoniyA bheda Cut + SO3 + kApara salpheTa Ayana Ayana saMghAta 4NH (Cu(NH), So, amoniyA TreTA amIna kyUprika salpheTa (5) 2KI + poTeziyama AyoDAiDa, poTeziyama A Hol, marakyUrI AyoDAiDa meda vAta Hgla K2(HI) poTeziyama TeTrA AyoDo marakyUreTa 2K+ + 2 + poTeziyama AyoDAiDa marakyUrika Ayana Ayana AyoDAiDa (6) Ca kelziyama + 0 AksIjana | bheda - 2e-/+ 2e 1. saMghAta Cao kalI cUnA Car + 0... kelziyama AksAiDa Ayana Ayana (7) Mg megnIziyama bheda J-2e ___CI, klorIna aNu +2e" saMghAta Mg + megnIziyama Ayana 2Cr klorAiDa Ayana MgCl, megnIziyama klorAiDa Page #149 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ janAmA mAtra skaMdhotpati kI vibhinna prakriyAoM ko hI nahIM samajhAyA hai, balki una biMduoM para bhI samucita prakAza DAlA hai jo. skaMdhotpatti ke liye Avazyaka haiM / isI saMdarbha meM AcArya umAsvAmI batalAte haiM ki 'niyamavA " arthAt snigdha-snigdha, rUkSa-rUkSa evaM snigdha-lakSa guNa vAle paramANu paraspara baMdha karane meM samartha hote haiN| " . isa kathana ke vaijJAnika vizleSaNa ke pUrva snigdha evaM rUkSa guNoM ko vaijJAnika pariprekSya meM samajhanA Avazyaka hai| tatva mUlataH (dhAtu evaM adhAtu) do prakAra ke hote haiN| vaha tattva jo prakRti se vaidyuta ghanIya, kSArIya guNa vAle tathA kama vaidyuta RNAtmakatA vAle hote haiM unheM dhAtu tattva kahA jAtA hai jaise sonA, cA~dI, pArA, tAMbA, jastA, aadi| ina sabhI meM svAbhAvika snigdhatA (cikanApana) pAI jAtI hai tathA vaha tattva jo prakRti se vaidyuta RNIya, amlIya guNa vAle evaM dhAtu tattvoM kI tulanA meM adhika vaidhuta RNAtmaka vAle hote haiM adhAtu tattva kahalAte haiN| jaise silIkAna, borona, hIrA (kArbana), salphara (gaMdhaka), phlorIna, bromIna aadi| ina sabhI meM svAbhAvika rUkSatA (rUkhApana) pAyA jAtA hai| isa prakAra yaha spaSTa ho jAtA hai ki AcArya umAsvAmI dvArA snigdha guNa dhAtvika paramANuoM kA tathA rUkSa guNa adhAtvika paramANuoM kA mAnA gayA hai| bajJAnika vizleSaNa vaijJAnika vizleSaNa dvArA dhAtu-dhAtu, adhAtu-adhAtu evaM dhAtu-adhAtu paramANu paraspara baMdha nirmANa karane meM sakSama hote haiN| snigdhaguNayukta dhAtvika paramANu + snigdhaguNayukta dhAtvikaparamANu- pariNAma 1. tAMbA (Cu) + jastA (jiMka) (Zn) + nikila (Ni) - jarmana silvara 2. lohA (Fe) + nikila (Ni) + kromiyama (Cr) - sTenalesa sTIla 3. jastA (Zn) + elyumIniyama (AI) + kaoNpara (Cu) - saphedakAMsA(goTA cA~dI) 4. tAMbA (Cu) + jastA (Zn) - pItala 5. sAMbA (Cu) +vaMga (Sn) - kAMsA 6. sAMbA (Cu) + elyumIniyama (AI) . rolDagolDa 7. sIsA (Pb) +vaMga (Sn) -TAMkA dhAtu 8. lohA (Fe) + nikala (Ni) rUpAnana vAle majAkiramAnu+mAga mAle badhAlika paramANu - pariNAma 1. nAiTrojana (N) + hAiDrojana(3H.) soorc amoniyA (2NH) 2. nAiTrojana(N) . + klorIna(3CI) 200 ARPe) nAiTrojana TrAya klorAiDa ' (2NCL) vaicuta 3. hAiDrojana(2) + oNksIjana(0) vima ala (2H,0) 1. tatvArtha sUtra (5/1) - Page #150 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ 4. kArbana(C) 5. (hAiDrojana (H) 6. silikana (Si) 7. kArbana (C) 8. hAiDrojana (H) snigdhaguNayukta dhAtu 1. soDiyama (2Na) 2. tAMbA ( Cu ) 3. cA~dI (2Ag) 4. soDiyama (2Na) 5. kailziyama (2Ca) 6. marakarI (Hg) 7. soDiyama (3Na) 8. kailziyama (Ca) paramANu 1. nAiTrojana (N) klorIna (Cl) + hAiDrojana (2H2) + salphara (S) 2. phAsphorasa (P) hAiDrojana (H) + + + 1. tasvArtha sUtra (5/35 ) + rUkSaguNayukta dhAtu klorIna (Cl2) + salphara (S) klorIna (C12) salphara (S) pariNAma namaka (2NaCl) kyuprika salphAiDa (CuS ) silvara klorAiDa (2AgC1) soDiyama salphAiDa (NajS) kailziyama oNksAiDa (2CaO) marakyUrika AyoDAiDa (Hgl2) soDiyama phosphAiDa (NA,P) kailziyama klorAiDa (CaC12) + - garma karane para + - klorIna (Cl2) agale tIna sUtroM ke mAdhyama se AcArya umAsvAmI dvArA una biMduoM para prakAza DAlA gayA pratIta hotA hai jo bheda saMghAta prakriyA dvArA skaMdhotpatti ke liye Avazyaka haiN| yaha sUtra evaM inakI vivecanA nimnAnusAra hai / "guNasAmye sadRzAnAm' "" + + oNksIjana (O2) oNksIjana (O2) klorIna (CL) + + + 1100degC oNksIjana (O2) AyoDIna (I) phAsphorasa (P) 2.1 2.J 200-400degC jvalana para - jvalana para > sUrya kA prakAza arthAt guNa sAmya rahane para sadRzoM kA baMdha nahIM hotaa| isa bAta ko isa prakAra bhI kahA jA sakatA hai ki jina paramANu oM meM snigdha evaM rUkSa guNoM kI saMkhyA samAna hotI haiM, unakA paraspara baMdha nahIM hotaa| Adhunika vijJAna bhI isa kathana se pUrNa rUpa se sahamata hai ki aise paramANu jinakI vaidyuta RNAtmakatA samAna hotI hai, paraspara vaidyuta saMyojI (bheda saMghAta prakriyA dvArA) baMdha dvArA skaMdha nirmANa nahIM karate / vaidyutacanAtmakatA vaidyutasaMyojI baMdha dvArA skaMdhotpatti 3.0 3.0 garma karane para garma karane para methena (CHI hAiDrojana salphAiDa (HS) reta (SiO2) kArbanaDAioNksAiDa (CO2) hAyaDrojana klorAiDa (2HCI) 360degC jvalana para ragar3ane para 360degC Page #151 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ 3. Arasemika (As) AyoDIna (1) 4. borona (B) hAiDrojana (H) 5. oNksIjana (O) oNksIjana (O) oNksIjana (O) 2. klorIna (CI) 4.0 phlorIna (F) 3.0 3.5 3.5 "na jaghanya guNAnAm "" isa sUtra ke mAdhyama se AcArya umAsvAmI spaSTa karate hue kahate haiM ki jaghanya guNa vAloM kA baMdha nahIM hotA / rasAyana vijJAna meM bhI aise paramANu paraspara vaidyuta saMyojI baMdha dvArA skaMdha nirmANa nahIM karate jinakI vaidyuta RNAtmakatA meM mAtra eka kA aMtara hotA hai| paramANu vaidyutaRNAtmakatA vai. RNA. kA aMtara vai. saMyojI baMdha dvArA skaMdhotpatti 1. kArbana (C) ol nahIM hotA 3. phaoNsphorasa (P) klorIna (Cl) 4. nAiTrojana (N) 5. borona 2.5 3.5 3.0 phlorIna (F) 4.0 klorIna 2.1 3.0 6. kaoNpara 2.2 2.2 (B) 2.0 (CI) 3.0 (Cu) 1.8 klorIna (CI) 3.0 2.0 2.1 01 0.9 ot nahIM hotI 01 nahIM hotI nahIM hotI 1.2 nahIM hotA nahIM hotA nahIM hotA - 95 nahIM hotA nahIM hotA "idhikAdiguNAnAm tu" read umAsvAmI isa sUtra ke mAdhyama se Age aura spaSTa karate hue kahate haiM ki do adhika guNa vAloM kA paraspara baMdha hotA hai arthAt jinameM snigdha athavA rUkSa guNoM kI saMkhyA meM do kA aMtara hotA hai ve paraspara baMdha nirmANa karane meM sakSama hote haiN| rasAyana vijJAna meM bhI vaidyuta saMyojI baMdha dvArA skaMdhotpatti ke liye Avazyaka hai ki baMdha nirmANa meM bhAga rahe paramANuoM kI vaidyuta RNAtmakatAoM meM do kA aMtara ho yA do se adhika kA aMtara ho / 1. tatvArtha sUtra (5/34), 2. vahI, (5/36) Page #152 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ - 100% 50% vaidyuta saMyojI guNa 3 + 1 1.7 2 A NEW CONCISE IN ORGANIC CHEMISRY By J.D. LEE Page No. 25, 100, 102 3.0 ___0.8 2.2 paramANu - vaidyutaRNAtmakatA - vai.RNA. kA aMtara - vai.saMyojI baMdha dvArA skaMdhotpatti 1. soDiyama(Na) soDiyama klorAiDa(NaCl) klorIna(Cl) 2. poTeziyama(K) poTeziyama klorAiDa(KCI) klorIna(Cl) 3. borona (B) phlorIna(F) borona TrAya phlorAiDa(BF,) 4. vismatha (Bi) phlorIna (F) bismatha phlorAiDa(BiF) 5. elyumIniyama(AI) phlorIna(F) elyumIniyama phlorAiDa(AIF,) 6. kailziyama(Ca) kailziyama klorAiDa(Cacl) klorIna(Cl) 1. sIjiyama(Cs) bromIna(Br) sIjiyama bromAiDa(CsBr) Page #153 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ nt immine 3.lIthiyama (Li) 1. .. lIthiyama nAiTreTa(LIN) . nAiTrojama(N) 0 3. 0 9. beriyama (Ba) 10 klorIna(Cl) 3.0 beriyama klorAiDa(BACI) 10. reDiyama(Ra) 1.0 klorIna(Cl) 3.0 reDiyama klorAiDa (RaCI) 11. sTronziyama(Sr) 1.0 2.0 klorIna(Cl) 3.0 sTronziyama klorAiDa(SrCI) skaMdha nirmANa kI vibhinna prakriyAoM ke uparAMta AcArya umAsvAmI skaMdha kI prakRti ke bAre meM batalAte hue kahate haiM ki "bandhe'dhiko pAriNAmikI arthAt badha hone para adhika guNa vAlA nyUna guNa vAle ko apane rUpa pariNamana karA letA hai| rasAyana vijJAna mAnya skaMdhoM (molIkyUlsa) meM bhI prAya: yahI dekhane meM AtA hai| arthAt jaba snigdha (dhAtu) guNa yukta paramANu evaM rUkSa (adhAtu) guNa yukta paramANu paraspara badha kara skadha nirmANa karate haiM taba nirmita aNa (skaMdha) usI guNa rUpa hotA hai jisakA dravyamAna adhika hotA hai| tAtparya yaha hai ki skaMdha (aNu) nirmANa meM bhAga le rahe paramANubhoM meM se yadi snigdha guNa yukta (dhAtu) paramANuoM kA dravyamAna adhika hai taba nirmita skaMdha kSArIya prakRti vAlA hogA isake viparIta rUkSa guNa yukta (adhAtu) paramANuoM kA dravyamAna adhika hone para nirmita skaMdha (aNu) amlIya prakRti kA hogaa| kyoki kSArIya prakRti kA honA dhAtuoM kA tathA amlIya prakRti kA honA adhAtu kA viziSTa guNa hotA hai| prakRti samAna nirmita kaMpa skaMdha kI prakRti 1. maignIz2a(Mn) snigdha 54x1+ maignasa oNksAiDa oNksIjana(O) rUkSa 16x1 (MnO) kSArIya 2. maignIz2a(Mn) snigdha 54x2 + maignIja hopToksAiDa oNksIjana(O) 16x7 (Mn,O.) amlIya 3. kromiyama(Cr) snigya 52x1+ kromae oNksAiDa oNksIjana(O) rUkSa 16x1 (CrO) kSArIya vheneDiyama(V) snigma 50x1+ hAipo vheneDasa oNksAiDa oNksIjana (O) lakSa 16x1 (vo) kSArIya 5. vheneDiyama(V) snigdha sex1+ hAipovheneDika oNksAiDa oNksIjana (O) rUkSa 16x2 (Vo,) kSArIya 6. borona(B) kakSa '10x2 + borona TrAya oNksAiDa ApalAyana(O) kA.16x3 (8,0) amlIya - 2.tavArtha sUtra (/17 Page #154 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ .98/ tasvArthasUna-nika 7. 8. 9. elyumIniyama(Al) snigdha oNksIjana (O) rUkSa salphara (S) oNksIjana (O) silikaoNna (Si) oNksIjana (O) 10. soDiyama (Na) oNksIjana (O) hAiDrojana (H) 11. kailziyama ( Ca) 12. kaoNpara (Cu) oNksIjana (O) salphara (S) rUkSa oNksIjana (O) hAiDrojana (H) rUkSa snigdha rUkSa 13. Ayarana (Fe) klorIna (Cl) 14. kArbana (C) 15. bismatha (Bi) rUkSa oNksIjana (O) 16. nAiTrojana (N) hAiDrojana (H) 17. hAyaDrojana (H) nAiTrojana (N) oNksIjana (O) 18. Ayarana (Fe) salphara (S) oNksIjana (O) rUkSa rUkSa rUkSa snigdha rUkSa rUkSa snigdha 2. svArtha sUtra (5/28) rUkSa snigdha oNksIjana (O) rUkSa snigdha rUkSa rUkSa rUkSa rUkSa rUkSa rUkSa rUkSa rUkSa snigdha rUkSa rUkSa 26 x 2 + elyumIniyama oNksAiDa 16 x 3 (Al2O3) 32X1+ salphara DAya oNksAiDa 16 x 2 (SO2) 28x1+ silIkA 16 x 2 (SiO) 23x1+ soDiyama hAiDroksAiDa 16 x 1 + (NaOH) 01x1 40x2 + 16 x 2 + 01x1 kailziyama hAiDroksAiDa (Ca(OH)2) 63X1+ kaoNpara salpheTa 32 x 1+ (CuSO) 16 X 4 56 x 1+ pherika klorAiDa amlIya 35 X 3 12 x 1+ 16 x 2 208x2+ (FeCl,) kArbana DAya oNksAiDa (CO2) bismatha TrAya oNksAiDa 16 x 3 (Bi2O,) 14 x 3 + hAyaDrojoika 01x1 01 x 1 + 14 x 1 + 16 x 3 (N,H) nAiTrika amla (HNO3) 56x1+ pherasa salpheTa 32 x 1 + (FeSO) 16 X 4 ubhavaguNI amlIya amlIya kSArIya kSArIya amlIya amlIya amlIya kSArIya amlIya lIya amlIya "pAtAbhyAM cAzuSaH "12 athAt bhedasaMghAta prakriyA dvArA cAkSuSa skaMdha banatA hai athavA isI prakriyA dvArA acAyuSa skaMdha cAkSuSa Page #155 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ banatA hai| bhedasaMghAta arthAta vaidhata saMyojI baMdha dvArA nirmita skaMdha (aNu) meMsa hote haiM ata: cAkSuSa hote haiN| kyoMki isa prakriyA kSArA nirmita aNu dhuvIya hote haiM jisa kAraNa anaMta aNu eka dUsare se viparIta Avezita AyanoM kI ora se vaidyuta bala rekhAnoM dvArA jur3ate cale jAte haiM tathA cAkSuSa kA nirmANa karate haiN| Nach Nact * Nach Nach vaicuta bala rekhAyeM udAharaNa:- namaka, cUnA, nausAdara, phiTakarI, nIlA thothA, harA kasIsa Adi baMdha kI bhedasaMghAta prakriyA dvAra acAkSuSa bana jAte haiN| isa AdhAra para vaidyuta saMyojI yaugikoM (skaMdhoM) kI viliyana meM hone vAlI Ayanika kriyAoM ko bhI samajhA jA sakatA hai| skaMdhoM kA bacAkSuSa jalIya vilayana bhedadhAta prakriyA dvArA bane cAnuSa skaMdha 1. NaCl + AgNo, namaka silvara nAiTreTa bheda Na* + ch- + Ag* + No; saMghAta AgCI + NaNo, sisvara klorAiDa (sapheda) soDiyama nAiTreTa 2. PbCl+ K,Cro. ___ leDa klorAiDa poTeziyama kromeTa bheda Po" + 2Cr + 2K+ + Cro- saMghAta PbCro. + 2KCI leDa kromeTa poTeziyama klorAiDa (sunaharA pIlA hosa) saMghAta Page #156 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ tattvArthasUtra meM varNita pudgala dravya jisa prakAra AkAza meM Aja aneka upagraha TaMge hue hai vaise hI alokAkAza meM lokAkAza TaMgA huA hai| lokAkAza meM jIva, pudagala yA ajIya, dharma, adharma, AkAza aura kAla ye chaha dravya ThasAThasa bhare hue haiN| ina dravyoM kA vibhAjana kareM dravya dharma jIva pudgala adharma mAkAza kAla 1. cetana acetana kI dRSTi se cetana acetana acetana acetana acetana acetana 2. mUrtika-amUrtika kI dRSTi se amUrtika mUrtika amUrtika amUrtika amUrtika amUrtika 3. asti-anastikAya dRSTi se astikAya astikAya astikAya astikAya astikAya anastikAya jainadarzana meM pudgala ko mUrtika svIkAra kiyA gayA hai / AcArya umAsvAmI kahate haiM - 'rUpiNaH pudglaa"| pudgala kI vyutpatti batAte hue kahA gayA hai - pUrapanti galayantIti pudgalA: arthAt jo dravya (skandha avasthA me) anya paramANuoM se milatA hai (pR + Nic) aura galana (gal ) = pRthak-pRthak hotA hai, use pudgala kahate haiM / AcArya kundakunda ne likhA hai - baNNarasaphAsA vijjate poggalamsa sahumAdo / pucvIparirvatassa ya saho so poggalo citto // ' bAvarasAmagadANe khaMdhANaM puggalokti vavahAro / hai hoti upacArA teloka jehiM NippaNNaM / / tattvArthasUtra meM bhI 'sparzarasagandhavarNavantaH pudgalAH'' kahakara isI tathya ko spaSTa kiyA gayA hai / bhAva yaha hai ki pudgala dravya meM 5 rUpa, 5 rasa, 2 gandha aura 8 sparza ye cAra prakAra ke guNa hote haiN| pudgala ke ina guNoM kI eka rekhAcitra dvArA isa prakAra dekha sakate haiM1. tatvArthasUtra 5/5 2. mAdhvAcArya, sarvadarzanasaMgraha, caukhambhA vidyA bhavana, 1964, pR. 153 3. pravacanasAra, zrImada rAjacandra Azrama, agAsa, vi. sa. 2021, gAthA 2/40 4. tatvAryasUtra 5/3 *adhyakSA, saMskRta vibhAga, zrI kundakunda jaina snAtakottara mahAvidyAlaya, khataulI, (u.pra.) - Page #157 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ tatkAla-ni :101 gandha sparza "] madhura Amla kaTu kaSAya tikta sugandha durgandha / nIlA pIta zubhra kAlA lAla komala kaThora guru laghu zIta uSNa snigdha rUkSa tattvArthasUtra ke avaskandhAraca" sUtra ke anusAra pudgala do prakAra ke haiM eka aNurUpa aura dUsarA skandha rUpa / Aja ke vijJAna ke anusAra bhI pudgala arthAt maiTara (Matter) ke do hI rUpa haiN| mUla rUpa aNa yA paramANu hai| dUsarA rUpa paramANuoM ke sammilana se bane vibhinna rUpa haiN| ___ AcArya kundakunda ke anusAra skandha ke tIna rUpa hokara tathA paramANu milAkara padgala ke cAra rUpa hote haiN| ye haiM. - 1. skandha, 2. skandhadeza, 3. skandhapradeza aura 4. paramANu / anantAnanta paramANuoM kA piNDa skandha kahalAtA hai, usa skandha kA ardhabhAga skandhadeza aura usakA bhI ardhabhAga arthAt skandha kA cauthAI bhAga skandhapradeza kahA jAtA hai tathA jisakA dUsarA bhAga nahIM hotA use paramANu kahate haiN| yathA - kha sapalasamatvaM, tassa du aSaNati desoti / aba ca padeso paramANU va avibhAgI / ' skanma ke prakAra - skandha do prakAra ke haiM - bAdara aura sUkSma / bAdara sthUla kA paryAyavAcI hai| sthUla arthAt jo nendriya grAhya ho aura sUkSma jo netrendriya grAhya na ho| ina donoM ko milAkara skandha ke chaha bheda svIkAra kiye gaye hai| bAdara-bAdara - (sthUla-sthUla) - jo skandha chinna-bhinna hone para svaya na mila sake, aise Thosa padArtha / yathA - lakar3I, patthara, aadi| bAdara - (sthUla) - jo chinna-bhinna hokara Apasa meM mila jAye aise drava padArtha / yathA - ghI, dUdha, jala, tela aadi| bAdara-sUkSma (sthUla-sUkSma) - jo dikhane meM to sthUla hoM arthAt kevala netrendriya se grAhya hoM, kintu pakar3a meM na AveM / yathA - chAyA, prakAza, andhakAra aadi| sUkSma-bAdara (sUkSma-sthUla) - jo dikhAI na deM arthAt netrendriya grAhya na hoM, kintu anya indriyoM sparza, rasanA Adi se grAhya hoN| jaise - tApa, dhvani, rasa, gandha, sparza aadi| sUkSma - skandha hone para bhI jo sUkSma hone ke kAraNa indriyoM dvArA grahaNa na kiye jA sakeM / jaise - karmavargaNA aadi| atisUkSma - karmavargaNA se bhI chode daNaka (do aNuoM - do paramANuoM vAle) Adi / paramANu sUkSmAtisUkSma hai, avibhAgI hai, zAzvata hai tathA eka hai| paramANu kA Adi, madhya aura anta vaha svayaM hI hai| AcArya kundakunda ne likhA hai - 1. vahI,5/25 2. paMcAstikAya gAthA 75 Page #158 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ acAvijatamAma yeca Ipie megA / avibhAgIdavyaM paramANu vijANAha' arthAt jisakA svayaM svarUpa hI Adi, madhya aura anta rUpa hai, jo indriyoM ke dvArA grahaNa yogya nahIM hai, aisA avibhAgI- jisakA dUsarA bhAga na ho sake, dravya paramANu hai| ___ Aja kA vijJAna bhI yahI mAnatA hai| vijJAna ke anusAra bhI paramANu kisI bhI indriya yA aNuvIkSaNa yaMtrAdi se grAha nahIM hai| jainadarzana meM paramANu ko kevala sarvajJa ke jJAnagocara mAtra mAnA gayA hai| Aja vijJAna kA jitanA bhI adhyayana hai cAhe vaha bhautikI ho yA rasAyana ho paramANu para hI AdhArita hai| kyoMki jainadarzana ke anusAra Atapa aura udyota bhI pudagala kI hI paryAyeM haiN| Aja vijJAna kA adhyayana karane vAlA prAthamika chAtra bhI yaha jAnatA hai ki paramANu ko hama dekha nahIM sakate, indriyoM se jAna nahIM sakate, paramANu tattva kA sabase choTA kaNa hai, paramANu udAsIna hai, yaha rAsAyanika abhikriyA meM bhAga letA hai, paramANu svatantra rUpa se nahIM pAyA jAtA Adi / (saMkSipta vivaraNa hetu - dekheM vijJAna, bhAga 1, u. pra. sarakAra dvArA nirdhArita kakSA 9-10 kI pustk)| isa prakAra hama kaha sakate haiM ki hajAroM varSa pUrva jaina dArzaniko dvArA kathita paramANu sambandhI vijJAna pUrNataH satya thA / kundakunda kA 'Neva iMdie gejjhaM' kathana Aja pUrI taraha kharA utara rahA hai| tatvArthasUtra meM paramANu ko apradezI kahA gayA hai - 'nANoH yahA~ apradezI kA artha hai eka pradezI / paramANu se choTA koI dravya nahIM hotA, ata: do Adi pradeza usake ho nahIM skte| dUsarI bAta yaha bhI hai ki AkAza ke jitane sthAna ko avibhAgI paramANu rokatA hai vaha eka pradeza hai| yathA - jAvadivaM AvAsaM avibhAgI puggalANu uhavaM / taM tu padesa jANe savvANuDANadANarihaM // ' vizeSa dhyAtavya yaha bhI hai ki pudagaloM kI paramANu avasthA svabhAva paryAya hai aura skandhAdi avasthA vibhAva paryAya hai| jainadarzana aura vijJAna donoM ke anusAra hI paramANu jitane haiM utane hI raheMge, unameM na eka ghaTa sakatA hai aura na bar3ha sakatA hai| pudagala dravya ke pradezoM ke sandarbha meM umAsvAmI kA kathana hai ki ve arthAt pudagaloM ke pradeza sakhyAta, asaMkhyAta aura ananta haiN| vastuta: to pudgala paramANu rUpa hai kintu bandha ke kAraNa koI pudgala skandha saMkhyAta pradezoM kA hotA hai, koI skandha asaMkhyAta pradezoM kA hotA hai, koI skandha anantapradezoM kA aura koI anantAnanta pradezoM kA hotA hai / yathA - saMkhyeSAsaMkhyeyAzca pudgalAnAm / paramANu kI utpatti - paramANu zAzvata hai ataH usakI utpatti upacAra se hai| paramANu kArya bhI hai aura kAraNa bhii| jaba use kArya kahA jAtA hai to upacAra se hI kahA jAtA hai, kyoki paramANu sat svarUpa hai, dhauvya hai| ata: isakI utpatti kA prazna nahIM utthtaa| paramANu pudagala kI svAbhAvika dazA hai| do yA adhika paramANa milane se skandha banate haiN| ata: paramANa skandhoM 1. niyamasAra, gAthA 26 2.tatvArthasUtra/11 3. dravyasaMgraha, gAthA 27 4tasvArthasUca,5/10 Page #159 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ 1 tatkArthas / 403 kA kAraNa hai| upacAra se kArya bhI isa prakAra hai ki loka meM skandhoM ke bheda se paramANu kI utpatti dekhI jAtI hai| isI kAraNa AcArya umAsvAmI ne kahA hai - 'maidAvaNuH " arthAt aNu bheda se utpanna hotA hai| kintu yaha bheda kI prakriyA taba taka calanI cAhie jaba taka ki skandha dvadhaNuka na ho jaaye| skandhoM kI utpatti skandhoM kI utpatti ke sambandha meM umAsvAmI ne tIna kAraNa diye haiM- 1. bheda se, 2. saMghAta se aura 3. bheda tathA saMghAta (donoM) se "mAtecyaH utpadyante "2 / yayA 1. bheda se jaba kisI bar3e skandha ke TUTane se choTe-choTe do yA adhika skandha utpanna hote haiM to ve bhedajanya skandha kahalAte haiN| jaise eka ITa ke tor3ane se usameM se do yA adhika Tukar3e hote haiM / aisI sthiti meM ve Tukar3e skandha haiM tathA bar3e skandha TUTane se hue haiM ataH bheda-janya haiN| aise skandha dvayaNuka se anantANuka taka ho sakate haiN| - saMghAta se - saMghAta kA artha hai juDanA / jaba do paramANuoM yA skandhoM ke juDane se skandha kI utpatti hotI hai to vaha saMghAta - janya utpatti kahI jAtI hai| yaha tIna prakAra se sambhava hai a. paramANu + paramANu, A. paramANu + skandha, i. skandha + skandha / ye bhI dvyaNuka se anantANuka taka ho sakate haiN| - bheda - saMghAta donoM se jaba kisI skandha ke TUTane ke sAtha hI usI samaya koI skandha yA paramANu usa TUTe hue skandha meM mila jAtA hai to vaha skandha bheda tathA saghAtajanya skandha kahalAtA hai| jaise TAyara ke chidra se nikalatI huI vAyu usI kSaNa vAyu se mila jAtI hai| yahA~ eka hI kAla meM bheda tathA saMghAta donoM haiN| bAhara nikalane vAlI vAyu kA TAyara ke bhItara kI vAyu se bheda hai tathA bAhara kI vAyu me saMghAta ye bhI dvayaNuka se anantANuka taka ho sakate haiN| pudgala kI paryAyeM 'zabdabandhasaukSmyaspalyasaMsthAnabhedatamazchAyAtapodyotavantazca'' arthAt pudgala zabda, bandha, sUkSmatva, sthaulya, saMsthAna, bheda, aMdhakAra, chAyA, Atapa aura udyota rUpa hote haiN| zabda - zabda pudgala kI paryAya hai, Aja ke vijJAna ne zabda ko pakar3akara dhvani-yantroM, reDiyo, TI.vI. TeparikArDara, TelIphona, grAmophona, kampyUTara Adi se sthira kara diyA hai, aura eka sthAna se dUsare sthAna para bheja diyA hai| jainadarzana ke anusAra loka meM sarvatra bhASA vargaNAyeM vyApta haiN| jisa vastu se dhvani nikalatI hai usa vastu meM kampana hone ke kAraNa ina pudagala vargaNAoM meM bhI kampana hotA hai, jisase taraMge nikalatI haiN| ye taraMgeM hI uttarottara pudgala kI bhASA vargaNAo meM kampana paidA karatI haiM, jisase zabda eka sthAna se udbhUta hokara dUsare sthAna para pahu~ca jAtA hai|' vijJAna bhI zabda kA vahana isI prakAra kI prakriyA dvArA mAnatA hai| bandha - paraspara meM zleSa bandha kahalAtA hai| bandha kA hI paryAyavAcI zabda hai sNyog| parantu saMyoga meM kevala antara rahita avasthAna hotA hai, jabaki bandha meM ekatva hotA, ekAkAra ho jAnA Avazyaka hai / bandha prAyogika aura vaikhasika ke bheda se do prakAra kA hai| yathA - 1. tattvArthasUna, 5/27 2. vahI, 5/26 3. vahI, 5/24 4. tattvArthasUtra, paM. phUlacandra zAstrI kRta vyAkhyA, pR. 230 Page #160 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ bandha ___prAyogi bandha prAyogika vaisasika ajIva jIvAjIva sAdi anAdi (lAkha-lakar3I Adi kA) (karma-nokarma Adi kA) (pudgaloM kA bandha) (dharmAstikAya Adi dravyoM kA bandha) paramANuoM meM paraspara bandha kaise hotA hai isa sandarbha meM umAsvAmI kA kahanA hai ki "snigdharUjhatvAdabandha:"" arthAta snigdha aura rUkSatva guNoM ke kAraNa bandha hotA hai| paramANu meM do sparza zIta aura uSNa meM se eka tathA snigdha aura kSa meM se eka pAye jAte haiN| inhIM ke kAraNa bandha hotA hai aura skandhoM kI utpatti hotI hai| snigdhatva kA artha cikanApana aura rUkSatva kA artha rUkhApana hai| vaijJAnika paribhASA meM inheM pAjiTiva aura nigeTiva kahA jA sakatA hai| Aja vidyuta kI utpatti meM pAjiTiva aura nigeTiva ko jo kAraNa mAnA jAtA hai usakA mUla isa sUtra meM dekhA jA sakatA hai| yaha bandha tIna rUpoM meM hotA hai - snigdha + snigdha paramANuoM kA rUkSa + rUkSa paramANuoM kA snigdha + rUkSa paramANuoM kA tattvArthasUtra ke "dhikAdiguNAnAM tu" sUtra ke anusAra jina paramANuoM meM bandha hotA hai unameM cAhe sadRza hoM cAhe visadRza, sarvatra do zaktyaMzoM (guNoM) kA antara honA caahie| samAna zaktyaza hone para bandha nahIM hotaa| sAtha hI jaghanyaguNa vAle paramANuoM kA bandha nahIM hotaa| bhAva yaha hai ki yadi eka paramANu meM eka hI zaktyaMza hai to usakA do kA antara hone para bhI 3 zaktyaMza vAle paramANu ke sAtha bandha nahIM hogA / bandha hone para adhika aMza vAlA paramANu hIna aza vAle paramANuoM ko apane meM milA letA hai| sUkSmatva - sUkSma bhI antya aura ApekSika ke bheda se do prakAra kA hai / antya sUkSma paramANuoM meM tathA ApekSika sUkSmatva bela, AvalA Adi meM hotA hai| sthaulya- yaha bhI antya aura ApekSika ke bheda se do prakAra kA hai| antya sthaulya loka rUpa mahAskandha me hotA hai tathA ApekSika sthaulya bera, AMvalA Adi meM hotA hai| saMsthAna-saMsthAna kA artha hai AkRti / yaha itthaMlakSaNa aura anityaM lakSaNa bheda rUpa do prakAra kI hai| kalaza Adi kA AkAra gola, catuSkoNa, trikoNa Adi rUpoM ko itthaMlakSaNa kahA jA sakatA hai tathA jo AkRti zabdoM meM nahIM kahI - 1.tasvArtha sUtra 5/31 2. bahI, 5/30 3. guNasAmme savRzAnAm, tatvArthasUtra 5/35 4. na japamyaguNAnAm, tatvArthasUtra 5/34 5. banve'dhiko pAriNAmiko ca, tattvArthasUtra 5/37 6. tatvArthasAra, 3/6s 7. vahI, 3/66 Page #161 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ jA sakatI vaha anityalakSaNa hai| jaise megha Adi kI aakRti| Adhunika bhASA vijJAna meM bhI inake lie aise hI zabdoM kA prayoga hotA hai| saMsthAra padayala kI hI eka paryAya hai kyoki pudgaloM (paramANubhoM) ke samUha se hI AkRti banatI hai| andhakAra, yA vimA pudIla hI hai / . bheda - eka pudgala piNDa kA bhaMga honA bheda kahalAtA hai| yaha utkara, cUrNikA, cUrNa, khaNDa, aNucaTana aura pratara rUpa chaha prakAra kA hai| lakar3I, patthara Adi kA ArI se bheda utkara hai / ur3ada, mUMga Adi kI cunI cUrNikA hai| gehU~ Adi kA ATata cUrNa hai / ghaTa Adi ke Tukar3e khaNDa haiM / garma lohe para dhana-prahAra se jo sphuliMga (kaNa) nikalate haiM ve aNucaTana haiM tathA megha, miTTI, abhraka Adi kA bikharanA pratara hai| andhakAra - andhakAra bhI paudgalika svIkAra kiyA gayA hai| netroM ko rokane vAlA tathA prakAza kA virodhI tama arthAt andhakAra hai| chAyA - zarIra Adi ke nimitta se jo prakAza Adi kA rukanA hai, vaha chAyA hai| yaha bhI paudgalika hai / chAyA do prakAra kI hai| eka vaha jisameM varNa Adi avikAra rUpa meM pariNamate hai / yathA padArtha jisa rUpa aura AkAra vAlA hotA hai darpaNa meM usI rUpa aura AkAra vAlA dikhAI detA hai| Adhunika calacitra phoTo Adi ko isa rUpa meM samajhA jA sakatA hai| dUsarI chAyA vaha hai jisameM pratibimba mAtra paDatA hai, jaise dhUpa yA cAdanI meM manuSya kI AkRti / Adhunika vijJAna ne chAyA ko kaimare meM banda karake jainadarzana kI mAnyatA kI puSTi kI hai| kaimarA chAyA ko hI grahaNa karatA hai| Atapa aura udyota- sUrya Adi kA uSNa pratApa Atapa hai tathA candramA, juganUM Adi kA ThaNDA prakAza udyota kahalAtA hai| jainadarzana meM ye padagala kI hI paryAya haiN| Adhunika vijJAna ne saura UrjA ke rUpa meM sarya kI kiraNoM ko saMgrahIta kara jaina mAnyatA ko siddha kiyA hai| isa prakAra jaina darzana meM padagala tathA paramANu ke sandarbha meM vistRta vivecana upalabdha hotA hai| Aja ke rAkeTa Adi kI gati vastuta: paramANu kI gati se kama hai / yata: paramANu kI utkRSTa gati eka samaya meM 14 rAjU batAI gaI hai| (mandagati se eka paramANu ko lokAkAza ke eka pradeza para se dUsare pradeza para jAne meM jitanA kAla lagatA hai, use samaya kahate haiN|) eka samaya kAla kI sabase choTI ikAI hai| vartamAna eka sekeNDa meM jaina pAribhASika asaMkhyAta samaya hote haiN| vijJAna ke anusAra bhI samaya kI sUkSma ikAI batAnA kaThina hai / rAjU sabase bar3A pratIkAtmaka mApa hai| eka rAjU meM asaMkhyAta kilomITara samA jaayeNge| isI kAraNa vizvavikhyAta dArzanika vidvAn DaoN. rAdhAkRSNan ne likhA hai - 'aNuoM ke zreNI na se nirmita vargoM kI nAnAvidha AkatiyAM hotI haiN| kahA gayA hai ki aNu ke andara aisI gati kA vikAsa bhI sambhava hai jo atyanta vegavAn ho, yahA~ taka ki eka kSaNa ke andara samasta vizva kI eka chora se dUsare chora taka parikramA kara aaye| isa prakAra janadarzana meM pudgaladravya kA vistAra se vivecana upalabdha hotA hai| yahA~ ghumala, dharma, adharma, AkAza aura kAla ko ajIva mAnA hai| jIvadravya milAkara chaha dravya ho jAte haiM, jinakA jJAna mokSamArga meM Avazyaka hai| 1. tattvArthasAra, 3/4 2. vahI, 3/m 3. vahI, 3/69-70 4. vahI, 3/1 5. bhAratIyadarzana, prathama bhAga, rAjapAla eNDa saMsa dillI, pR. 292 Page #162 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ 106/k jainadarzana meM ajIva dravyoM kI vaijJAnikatA * prAcArya (paM.) nihAlacandra jaina jainadarzana aura vijJAna, donoM kA lakSya satya kA anveSaNa hai| jahA~ jainadarzana meM Atma anubhUti se satya ko jAnane kI eka AdhyAtmika prakriyA hai, vahA~ vijJAna, bhautika padArthoM ke sambandha meM prayogoM ke AdhAra para satya ke nikaTa pahu~cane kA dAvA hai / yahA~ jainadarzana meM varNita pA~ca ajIva dravyoM kI vaijJAnika pRSThabhUmi para tulanAtmaka dRSTi se jainAcAryoM dvArA pratipAdita vyAsyAoM ko samajhanA hai| umAsvAmI deva ne tattvArthasUtra ke adhyAya 5 meM isakA vizada vivecana kiyA hai| inameM 4 dravyadharma, adharma, AkAza aura pudgala ajIvakAya hai| 'kAya' se tAtparya bahupradezI hone se hai| kAla bhI ajIva dravya hai parantu vaha kAyavAna nahIM hai| dharma aura adharma dravya asaMkhyAta pradezI, evaM AkAza anantapradezI eka, eka dravya haiM / pudgala - saMkhyAta asaMkhyAta aura anantapradezI hote haiN| dharma, adharma, AkAza aura kAla - cAroM amUrtika aura niSkriya dravya haiN| jabaki pudgala mUrtika rUpI dravya hai| rUpI kahane se usameM sparza, rasa, gandha aura varNa cAroM guNa avinAbhAvI rUpa se vidyamAna ho jAte haiN| 1. punaka- 'pudgala' jainadarzana kA pAribhASika zabda hai| vijJAna zabdAvali meM ise padArtha yA meTara (Matter) kahA jAtA hai| UrjA, zabda, bandha, sUkSmatva, sthUlatva, saMsthAna, (AkAra) andhakAra, chAyA, Atapa aura udyota, pudgala kI paryAyeM vizeSa haiN| 'pudgala' zabda kI vyutpatti isa prakAra tattvArtha rAjavArtika meM kI gayI hai 'pUraNAd galanAd pudgala iti saMjJA' pUraNAt - - 'put' aura galapatIti - 'gala' milakara pudgala bnaa| pUraNa- pAnI saMyukta honA, (Fusion ) aura galana yAnI viyukta honA Pission | jisa dravya meM saMyojana aura viyojana kI kSamatA hotI hai, vaha pudgala kahalAtA hai| Adhunika vijJAna meM reDiyo ekTivatA (Radio activity) ghaTanA meM OB X Adi vikaraNoM ke dvArA utsarjana yA avazoSaNa kI kriyAe~ honA, pUraNa aura galana ke saTIka udAharaNa haiN| - pudgala (Mater) ke do bheda hote haiM- 1. paramANu aura 2. skndh| pudgala kA avibhAjya aMza paramANu hai| bhagavatIsUtra meM use avibhAjya (Indivisible) ameca (Impenetrable) adAhA (Incumbastible) aura agrAhA (Impercetible) kahA gayA hai| kAryavArtika meM paramANu kI vyAkhyA isa prakAra kI gayI hai paramANu kI lambAI cauDAI nahIM hotI na usakA bhAra hotA hai| isakA Adi, anta aura madhya eka hI hotA hai| Adhunika vijJAna meM kA paramANu byAsa 10% Cm (eka semI kA dasa ?. Science is a series of opproximaturis of the truth at no stage do we claim to have reached finality any theory is liable to revision in the light of new fact. Cosmology : Old & New Dr. G. R. Jain, javAhara bArDa, baunA (sAgara) (07580) 224044 Page #163 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ karoDavA~ bhAga) tathA bhAra 4640X10 hai| jainadarzana meM paramANu ko sarvathA avibhAjya aura antima aMza mAnA hai / Adhunika vijJAna meM eka paramANu meM prodAna, ilekTrAna aura nyUTrAna prAthamika kaNa haiN| nadarzana meM varNita paramANu ise bhI sUkSma paramANu kA astitva vAstavika hai / parantu vaha indriyagrAhya nahIM hai| use atIndriyajJAna (kevalajJAna yA paramAvadhijJAna) dvArA hI pratyakSa rUpa se jAnA jA sakatA hai| 'astitva' - pratyeka dravya kA eka sAmAnma guNa hotA hai / guNaparyababad dravyam 115-3811 dravya-guNa aura paryAyoM se yukta hotA hai| pratyeka dravya yA pudgala paramANu meM astitva Adi chaha sAmAnya guNa, tathA rUpa, rasa, gandha, sparza Adi ATha viziSTa guNa hote haiN| paryAya avasthA meM parivartana se sambandhita hai| pratyeka paramANu meM eka varNa, eka gandha, eka rasa, do sparza isa prakAra pA~ca maulika guNa anivAryataH pAye jAte haiN| ATha sparzo meM snigdha yA rUkSa meM se eka, tathA zIta, uSNa meM se eka isa prakAra 2 sparza hote haiN| skandhanirmANa - pudgala ke galana aura milana svabhAva ke kAraNa skandha kA nirmANa hotA hai| pacAstikAya meM skandha ke sambandha meM eka mahattvapUrNa gAthA hai - saMdhA va saMdhAdesA saMdhapadesA yA hoti paramANu / iti te catubvibappA, puggalakAbA muNebacyA // arthAt pudgala cAra rUpoM meM pAyA jAtA hai - 1. skandha, 2. skandhadeza, 3. skandhapradeza, aura 4. prmaannu| kisI pudgala kA eka pUrNa aNu skandha kahalAtA hai| usakA AdhA skandhadeza, Adhe kA AdhA skandhapradeza tathA jisakA phira vibhAjana na ho sake aisA skandha paramANu kahalAtA hai / ' - - - skandha kI racanA 'bhedasaMghAtebhya utpadyante' arthAt bheda se ( Division ) saMghAta se (Union or Sharing ) tathA bhedasaMghAta se skandha kI racanA hotI hai| - - vijJAna kI zAkhA bhautika rasAyana (Physical Chemistry) me 'ilekTrAnika thyorI oNpha velensI' skandha nirmANa kI santoSajanaka vyAkhyA prastuta karatA hai / 'saMdho paramANu saMgasaMvAdo' / sthUlabhAvena grahaNanikSepaNAdivyApAraskandhanAtskandhA iti saMjJAyante / arthAt skandha saMghAta aura bheda kI prakriyA se prApta hote haiN| skandha do prakAra ke hote haiM -1 sUkSma aura 2. bAdara (sthUla) / 1. baMsala samatvaM tassa va baddhaM bhaNati desoti / ayaM ca paveso, avibhAgI caiva paramANu // go. sA. 60411 paramANu kI gatizIlatA isa sambandha meM gommaTasAra meM eka bahuta vaijJAnika sammata pudgala kI vizeSatA ke sambandha meM gAthA kA ullekha hai - pombaladavyamhi aNU saMvejjAdI havaMti para hu // go. sA. 593 11 tatvArtha rAjavArtika meM bhI pudgala - gati ke sambandha meM vArtika 16 sUtra 7 meM varNita hai- 'pudamanAnAmapi dvividhA kriyA fureretofafter ca / ' Page #164 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ " pudgala - paramANu meM 2 prakAra kI gati pAyI jAtI hai - 1. svata: gati - jaise paramANu meM ilekTraoNna apane paripaca meM cakkara lagAte rahate haiM yA havA meM gaisa ke sUkSma-skandha / 2. bAhya bala dvArA gati honA yA anya pudgala ke nimitta se hone vAlI gati / jaise paramANu kA taraMga rUpa meM kampana yA prispndn| svata: gati anuzreNI rUpa hotI hai, jabaki anya punala ke nimitta se hone vAlI mati -vizreNI (vakrarekhI) ho sakatI hai| zarIravAGmanaHprANApAnAH pudgalAnAm // 5-19 // pudgala skandhoM ke sAmAnyata: 23 bheda haiN| jinameM 5 bheda aise haiM jo jIva ke grahaNa karane meM Ate haiM - 1. kArmANavargaNAjinase jJAnAvaraNAdika ATha karma banate haiN| nokarmavargaNAoM ke antargata AhAravargaNA, bhASAvargaNA, manovargaNA aura taijasavargaNA Ate haiN| AhAravargaNA se audArika, vaikriyika aura AhAraka zarIra - saMsArI jIva ke hotA hai vacana yA bhASAvargaNA dvIndriyAdika jIvoM ke, manovargaNA saMjJI jIvoM ke tathA prANApAna - paryApta jIvoM meM hI pAyA jAtA hai| isake alAvA - sukha meM, du:kha meM, jIvana aura maraNa meM padagala dravya nimitta banatA hai| ye sabhI jIva dravya ke prati usake upakAra pudgala ke rUpa - pudgala ko chaha rUpoM meM vibhAjita kiyA jA sakatA hai| mAyake bheda - 1. sthUla-sthUla - jaise Thosa pRthvI pASANa Adi 2. sthUla - jaise drava - pAnI, pighalA ghI, dUdha Adi 3. sthUla-sUkma - jaise - tApa, prakAza, vidyuta yA cumbakIya UrjAe 4. sUkSma-sthUla - jaise - gaisa, havA, hAiDrojana Adi 5. sUkma - dravya mana Adi 6. sUkSma-sUkSma - ilekTraoNna ke puMja, proTaoNna yA nyUTrona - - - - Adhunika paramANu ke mUla kaNoM ko isameM liyA jA sakatA hai - jaise ukta vargIkaraNa pUrNata: vaijJAnika sammata hai| jainadarzana ke anusAra padArtha (Mauer) aura UrjA (Energy) pudagala dravya kI do vibhinna avasthAe~ yA paryApa haiN| mahAn baijJAnika AinsTIna ne eka gaNitIya sUtra dvArA UrjA - saMhati samIkaraNa ke nAma se ise pratipAdita kiyA hai| 1, AhAra mamagAdo tiSiNa sarIrANi hoti ussaaso| hissAsoviya tejo vagaNasaMdhAda tejNg| bhAsamaNavAgAvo kameNa bhAsA maNaM ca kmmaado| 2. madhUla-dhUla, dhUla dhUla-gRhamaM ca suhama-dhUlaM c| suhama bAsahame idi dharAdiye hovi chanbheyaM / niyamasAra // Page #165 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ 109 ukta samIkaraNa isa bAta kA dyotaka hai ki arjA, - (Energy). (B) = Maise (M)X(Velocity of light saMhati yukta hotI hai, jo jainadarzana kI mAnyatAnusAra hai| pudagala kI pramukha vizeSAe~ - smarasamAnaH punaH 3: 23 11' - vyAkhyA prajJapti meM kahA gayA hai - pomnalatvikAe paMcabaNNe durgace paMcarase mAse paNNatte || arthAt pudgala meM 8 sparza, 2 gandha, 5 rasa, va 5 varNa kula 29 mUlaguNa pAye jAte haiN| snigdha, rUkSa, zIta aura uSNa ye cAra sparza catuHsparzI pudgala skandhoM meM pAye jAte haiN| manovargaNA, bhASAvargaNA, zvAsocchvAsavargaNA aura kArmaNavarmaNA catusparzI zreNI meM Ate haiM jo saMhati rahita hote haiM, jabaki aSTasparzI skandhoM meM AThoM hI sparza hone se ve saMhativAna hote haiN| jaise - AhAravargaNA (aura taijasavargaNA vAle pudgala - skandha) / Adhunika vijJAna skandhoM kI gati tIvratA yA mandatA se kramaza: tApa vRddhi aura tApa hAni mAnatA hai| jainadarzana'varNa' pratyeka pudgala paramANu yA sUkSma skandha kA vastu sApekSa guNa mAnatA hai| pA~ca varNoM meM se eka varNa avazya hotA hai| vijJAna varNa kI vyAkhyA prakAza ke taraMga siddhAnta se pratipAdita karatA hai| prakAza taraMga kI vividha AvRttiyA~ (Frequencies) athavA taraMga dairdhya (Wave length) viziSTa varNa kI sUcaka hotI haiN| jaise lAlavarNa kA ausata taraMga dairdhya 7000 Adeg hai| varNa ke sambandha suprasiddha vaijJAnika sara sI0 vI0 ramana dvArA kiye gaye vaijJAnika zodhakArya ( 1930 meM nobala puraskAra) se yaha bAta pramANita hotI hai ki varNa-vastu sApekSa hai, jJAtA sApekSa nhiiN| yaha tathya jainasiddhAnta se mela khAtI hai| pudgala dravya ke anya guNa 'rUpa, rasa, gandha aura varNa ke alAvA usake aura bhI guNa dharma haiM jinheM AcArya umAsvAmI ne tattvArthasUtra 5-24 meM varNita kiyA hai - zabdavandhasaukSmyasthI syasaMsthAnabhedatamazchAyAtapodyotavantazca // arthAt zabda, bandha, saukSmya, sthaulya, saMsthAna, bheda, tama (andhakAra), chAyA, Atapa ( sUrya kA prakAza), udyota (dRzya evaM adRzya ThaMDI prabhA) ye dasa pudgala dravya ke hI dharma (Properties) haiN| 2. dharmadravya - 'gatisthityupagrahI dharmAdharmayorupakAraH ' / / 5-17 / / ukta dharmadravya ke lakSaNa ko dravyasaMgraha meM kahA hai - pariNayANa dhammo, pugmalajIvANa gamaNasahakArI / tortha jaha gacchA, actAneva so neI // 17 // jisa prakAra machalI ke tairane yA calane meM jala sahAyaka hotA hai, usI prakAra jIva va pudgala ke gamana meM, dharmadravya sahakArI kAraNa banatA hai| paMcAstikAya meM dharmadravya ko isa prakAra vyAkhyApita kiyA gayA - "na to yaha svayaM calatA hai na kisI ko calAtA hai, kevala gatizIla jIva va pudgala skandhoM yA aNuoM kI gati meM sahakArI yA udAsIna kAraNa banatA hai / dharmadravya - sampUrNa loka meM vyApta amUrtika dravya hai jo jIva ke Agamana, gamana, bolanA, manoyoga, vacanayoga, kAyayoga, sanovargaNAoM aura bhASAvargaNAoM ke atisUkSma pumaloM ke prasArita hone meM nimitta kAraNa banatA hai / " Page #166 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ 110/ mAikelsana vaijJAnika ne prakAza kA vega jJAta karate samaya eka aise hI akhaNDa sarvavyApta dravya kI parikalpanA kI thI jo pUrNa pratyAstha (Perfectly Elestic) pUrNa lacIlA, atyanta halkA, aura prakAza kaNoM ko calAne meM sahAyaka mAdhyama kI bhA~ti vyavahAra karatA hai| use 'Ithara' nAma diyA gyaa| Ithara aura dharmadravya ke guNoM meM sAmyatA dekhI gayI / - donoM amUrtika, bhArarahita, niSkriya haiM tathA udAsIna kAraNa haiN| vaijJAnika abhidhAraNAe~ haiM ki yaha bhautika padArtha nahIM hai| kembrija vizvavidyAlaya meM jyotiSa vidyA ke prophesara A. S. Eddington kA yaha kathana sarvamAnya huA "Nowadays it is agreed that aether is not a Kind of matter', Filling all Space and not moving.' ukta kathana ko jainAcAryoM ne isa prakAra varNita kiyA - amUrtI niSkriyo nilaye matsyAnAM jalavad bhuvi // niyamasAra meM adharmadravya ke sambandha meM kahA hai - " adhammaM ThidijIvapuggalANaM ca // ' 3. adharmadravya - dravyasaMgraha kI gAthA 18 dRSTavya hai - ThANayudANa adhammo, puggalajIvANa ThANasahabArI / chAyA jaha pahibANaM, gacchaMtA va so dharaI // adharmadravya jIva aura pudgaloM kI sthiti meM sahAyaka yA udAsIna kAraNa hotA hai, jisa prakAra eka pathika ke lie usake rukane meM vRkSa kI chAyA udAsIna nimitta hotI hai| yaha bhI eka akhaNDa, loka meM parivyApta, ghanatva rahita, abhautika, apAramANvika padArtha hai| Adhunika vijJAna isakI tulanA gurutvAkarSaNa kSetra se karatA hai| kyoMki loka meM vastu ke ThaharAva meM gurutvAkarSaNa ko svIkAra kiyA gayA hai| ukta donoM dharma aura adharma asaMkhyAta pradeza vAle haiN| lokAkAza bhI asakhyAta pradezI hotA hai, jabaki sampUrNa AkAza ananta pradezI hai| eka jIva bhI asaMkhyAta pradezI hai| ye cAroM asaMkhyAta pradezI hone se pradezoM me samAna hote hai| kyoMki dharmadravya aura adharmadravya kA avagAha kebala lokAkAza meM hI hai, alokAkAza meM nahIM / 4. mAkAzagravya tattvArthasUtra meM kahA gayA hai ki jIva aura pudgala dravyoM ko avagAha denA AkAza dravya kA kArya 'mAkAzasyAvagAhaH" / / 5-18 / / jaina dArzanikoM ne AkAza ko eka svatantra dravya mAnA hai| yaha do prakAra rUpa hai 1. lokAkAza aura 2. alokAkAza / vijJAna jagata meM AkAza ko svatantra dravya ke rUpa meM svIkAra kara liyA gayA hai| DaoN. hensA kA yaha kathana bahuta prAsaMgika hai - These four Elements - Matter Time and Medium of motion are all seperate and we can not imagine that one of thow could depend on another or converted into another.' 'arthAt AkAza, pudgala, kAla aura dharmadravya (gati kA mAdhyama) ye cAroM tasva na eka dUsare para nirbhara haiM aura na / eka dUsare meM parivartita ho sakate haiN| jisake andara jIvasahita zeSa pA~ca dravya rahate haiM vaha lokAkAza AkAza loka meM bhI hai aura loka ke bAhara yAnI sarvatra vyApta hai| alokAkAza meM anya pA~ca dravya anupasthita rahate kevala vahA~ AkAza dravya hI rahatA hai| Page #167 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ AinsTIna ke vizva viSayaka siddhAnta meM samasta AkAza mamagAhita hai| isakA koI aMza rikta nahIM hai / parantu Daca vaijJAnika 'DI mITara' kA mAnanA hai ki zUnya (padArtharahita) AkAza kI vidyamAnatA hai / " dee set f anekAntavAda se ukta donoM vaijJAnika ke kathana kI puSTi kI jA sakatI hai| AinsTIna kA 'vizva-AkAza' lokAkAza kI ora saMketa karatA hai, jabaki DI sITara kA vizva mAkAza jo sampUrNa rUpa se zUnya hai, alokAkAza kI aura saMketa karatA hai| melt AkAza sAMta hote hue bhI usakI sImA ko nahIM pAyA jA sakatA hai| vaijJAnika paoNinakera ne sAMnta AkAza kA vizleSaNa isa prakAra prastuta kiyA paoNinakera ne vizva ko eka atyanta vistRta gole ke samAna mAnA hai, jisake kendra meM uSNa tApamAna hai, jo gole kI sataha kI ora jAne para kramazaH ghaTatA jAtA hai| vizva kI sImA para, yAnI gole kI antima sataha para vAstavika zUnya hotA hai| padArthoM kA vistAra uSNa tApamAna ke anupAta se hotA hai| kendra se sImA kI ora jAne para padArthoM kA vistAra bhI kramazaH kama honA prArambha ho jAyegA tathA usakA vega bhI ghaTatA jaayegaa| jisase koI kabhI usakI sImA taka nahIM pahu~ca sakate / yahI kAraNa hai ki jainadarzana meM varNita - jIva, pudgala Adi alokAkAza meM nahIM pAye jAte haiN| 5. kAla dravya - umAsvAmI ne tattvArthasUtra ke pA~cave adhyAya meM "kAlazca" sUtra dekara 'kAla' ko eka svatantra dravya nirUpita kiyA hai| jo akAyavAna hai tathA padArthoM ke pariNamana meM yaha udAsIna nimitta hotA hai / 'kAla' dravya kA upakAra - vartanA, pariNAma, kriyA aura paratvAparatva hai / ' samaya ke Azraya se hone vAlI gati, sthiti, utpatti aura vartanA ye saba eka hI artha ke vAcaka haiN| yadyapi sabhI padArtha apanI upAdAna zakti se varta rahe haiN| parantu unako vartAne bAlA - kAladravya hai / 'kAla' dravya ke sandarbha meM kriyA zabda se 'gati' samajhanA cAhie jo 3 prakAra kI hotI hai - prayogagati, visasAgati, aura mizramati / isIprakAra paratvAparatva prazaMsAkRta, kSetrakRta aura kAlakRta hotA hai / - Adhunika bhautikI ke anusAra `The speed of a space point relative to its surrowding points is the fundamental aspect in corporated in the cllsign og the universal space and from this basic Phenomen on of the changing positions or space points arises The veru concept of time.' ( Beyond Matter - By - P. Tiwari Page - 87) zvetAmbara paramparA meM kAla ko aupacArika dravya mAnA gayA hai, jabaki digambara paramparA meM kAla ko vAstavika dravya mAnA hai / gommaTasAra jIvakANDa meM kahA bhI hai logAgAsa padese ekke ekke jeDiyA hu ekkekkA / ravANaM rAsI iva se kAlANu adavyAni 1158811 1. vartanApariNAmaH kriyA paratvAparatve ca kAlasya 11 5+22 11 2. 'kAlazcetyeke' pATha milatA hai jabaki digambara paramparA meM 'kAlazca' / Page #168 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ / / kAla ke aNu elapazi ke samAna lokAkAza ke eka-eka pradeza meM eka-eka rUpa se sthita haiN| arthAt lokAkAza ke jitane pradeza haiM (asaMkhyAta) utane hI svatantra kAlANu haiN| / donoM paramparAoM kA sApekSa vivecana kareM to vartamA aura pariNamAdi kAla ke lakSaNa bhI haiM aura padArtha kI paryAya bhii| paryAya-padArtha rUpa hI hotI hai, isa apekSA se kAla ko svatantra dravya na mAnakara aupacArika dravya mAnA hai| lekina kAlA bhinna-bhinna haiM aura paryAya parivartana meM sahakArI nimitta ke rUpa meM bhAga letA hai, upAdAna rUpa se nahIM, isa apekSA se kAla ko svatantra dravya mAnA jA sakatA hai| vaijJAnika minko ke caturdika AyAma samIkaraNa (ax +dy + dz +dt = 0) meM AkAza ke 3 AyAma evaM kAla ko antarnihita kiyA gayA hai| vaijJAnika aiDinTana ke anusAra - 'Time is more Physical reality than matter.' arthAt kAla, padArtha se jyAdA vAstavika bhautika hai|' jainadarzana meM 'kAla' dravya kA astikAya na mAnakara 'akAya' mAnA hai| kAla ke akAyatva kA samarthana aiDinTana ke isa kathana se hotA hai - I shall use the Phrase time-urrow to express thus one way property of time which no analogne in space.' unhone kAla dravya kI anantatA para 461 - The world is closed in space dimension, but it is open at torth and of time-dimension' freno 37 kahAvata ko samaya ke sandarbha meM caritArtha kiyA ki samaya tIra kI taraha bhAgatA hai aura jaise tarakasa se nikalA tIra kabhI vApisa nahIM AtA, vaise hI gujarA huA samaya vApisa nahIM aataa| AinsTIna kA kathana hai ki jisa prakAra raMga, AkAra, parimANa hamArI cetanA se utpanna vicAra haiM, usI prakAra AkAza aura kAla bhI hamArI Antarika abhikalpanA ke hI rUpa haiN| jina vastuoM ko hama AkAza meM dekhate haiM unake krama ke matirikta AkAza kI koI vastu sApekSa vAstavikatA nahIM hai| isI prakAra jina ghaTanAoM ke dvArA hama samaya ko mApate haiM. una ghaTanAoM ke krama ke atirikta kAla kA koI svatantra astitva nahIM hai / AkAza va kAla kA svatantra vastu sApekSa astitva na hone para bhI 'AkAza va kAla kI saMyukta caturvimIya satatatA' vastu sApekSa vAstavikatA kA pratIka hai| jainadarzana meM kAla ke mukhya do bheda kiye gaye haiM - 1, vyavahArakAla, 2. nizcayakAla / lokAkAza ke pradezoM meM sthita kAlANu nizcaya kAla hai aura ve hI padArthoM ke pariNamana meM nimitta banate haiN| Agama meM vyavahArakAla ke sambandha meM nimnalikhita gaNanA pAyI jAtI hai - 1. asaMkhyAta 'samaya' ke samudAya ko - eka aavlikaa| 1. kAlavya : nadarzana evaM vijJAna, kumAra anekAnta jaina : DA. hIrAlAla jaina smRti grantha RSikalpa' ApekSikatA ke siddhAnta ke anusAra AkAzakI tIna vimAyeM aura kAla kI eka vimA milakara eka caturmikIya akhaNDatA kA nirmANa karatA hai, aura hamAre vAstavika jagata meM hone kAlI sabhI ghaTanAye raturviSIya satatatA kA vividha avasthAyeM ke rUpa meM sAmane AtI hai| The Universe and Dr Einkuino - Puge 21-22 to Page 78. Page #169 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ (AkAza ke eka pradeza para sthita eka paramANu maMdamati dvArA nikaTastha AkAza pradeza para jisane kAla meM pahu~ca jAtA hai, vaha 'samaya' (Unit of time) kahalAtA hai 1) 94. 2. saMkhyAta mAvalikA = 1 ucchvAsa 3. 1 zvAsocchvAsa ko prANa kahate haiM sAta prANa = 1 stoka 4. 7 stokoM kA eka lava 5. 7 lava kA 1 muhUrta 6. 30 muhUrta = 24 ghaNTe ( 1 ahorAtra) (1 muhUrta = 48 miniTa) 7. 30 ahorAtra = 1 mAsa 8. 12 mAsa = 1 varSa samaya kA mApa sUryacandra kI gati ke AdhAra para bhI kiyA jA sakatA hai| dravyasaMgraha meM vyavahArakAla ko isa prakAra nirUpita kiyA hai| davyaparivaharUvo jo so kAlo have vavahAro // arthAt jo dravyoM ke parivartana meM sahAyaka, pariNAmAdi lakSaNa se yukta hai vaha vyavahArakAla hai| paMcAstikAya grantha meM likhA hai - samaya nimeSa, kASThA, kAla, ghar3I, ahorAtri, mAsa, Rtu, ayana aura varSa aisA jo kAla (vyavahArakAla ) hai, vaha parAzrita hai / isa Alekha kA upasaMhAra karate hue eka bAta vizeSa rUpa se kaha denA cAhatA hU~ ki prAcIna samaya meM dharma evaM darzana kA udbhava mAtra zraddhA janita nahIM thA / dharma ke pIche vijJAna kI bhAMti vicAra, tarka yukti aura kAraNa rhe| eka vicAra dekara apanA Alekha samApta karanA cAhU~gA ki kyA dharma kI taraha vijJAna bhI samyagdarzana kI sAdhanA aura samyagjJAna kI ArAdhanA kA hetu banAyA jA sakatA hai ? chahaDhAlA (paM. daulatarAmakRta) meM 'vItarAga vijJAna' zabda jainadharma kI aivaja meM prayoga kiyA gayA hai| jo yaha bAta spaSTa karatA hai ki jaise vijJAna prayogoM ke dvArA satyAnveSaNa kI dizA meM lagA hai usI taraha adhyAtma - 'tapa' ke prayogoM ke dvArA AtmAnusandhAna kI prazasta rAha pA sakatA hai| jo vijJAna hameM vItarAgatA kI ora unmukha kara de vahI vijJAna kA AdhyAtmIkaraNa hai| Page #170 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ 'utpAdavyayauvyayuktaM sat : eka vyAkhyA ___* . azoka jaina, dazamapratimAdhArI avya kA svarUpa jainadarzana meM padArtha ko sat kahA gayA hai| sata dravya kA lakSaNa hai| yaha utpAda-vyaya-dhauvya lakSaNa vAlA hai| vastuta: jagat kA pratyeka padArtha pariNamanazIla hai| sArA vizva parivartana kI dhArA me bahA jA rahA hai| jahA~ bhI hamArI dRSTi jAtI hai, saba kucha badala rahA hai / vaha dekho ! sAmane peDa khar3A hai, usameM kopaleM phUTa rahI haiM, pattiyoM bar3ha rahI haiM, ve jhar3a rahIM haiM, pratikSaNa vaha apanI purAnI avasthA ko chor3akara nita-navIna rUpa dhara rahA hai / bAlaka yuvA ho rahA hai, yuvA vRddha ho rahA hai, vRddha mara rahA hai| sarvatra parivartana hI parivartana hai| cAhe jar3a ho yA cetana, sabhI isa parivartana kI dhArA meM bahe jA rahe haiN| pratyeka padArtha vizva ke raMgamaMca para pratikSaNa nayA rUpa dhara kara A rahA hai| vaha apanI purAnI avasthA ko choDatA hai, naye ko or3hatA hai| purAne kA vinAza aura naye kI utpatti hI isa parivartana kA AdhAra hai / kacce Ama kA paka jAnA hI to Ama kA parivatena hai| bAlaka kA yuvA, yuvA kA vRddha ho jAnA ho to manuSya kA parivartana hai| purAnI avasthA ke vinAza ko vyaya kahate haiM tathA nayI avasthA kI utpatti ko utpaad| naye kI utpatti aura purAne ke vinAza ke bAda bhI dravya apanI maulikatA ko nahIM khotaa| kaccA Ama badalakara bhale hI paka jAye para vaha apane Amapane ko nahIM khotaa| bAlaka bhale hI vRddha ho jAe, para manuSyatA nahIM badalatI / isa maulika sthiti kA nAma dhauvya hai, jo pratikSaNa parivartita hote rahane ke bAda bhI padArtha meM samarUpatA banAe rakhatA hai| isa prakAra pratyeka padArtha utpAda -vyaya-dhauvya lakSaNa vAlA hai| jagat kA koI bhI padArtha isakA apavAda nahIM hai| purAnI avasthA kA vinAza aura naye kI utpatti donoM sAtha-sAtha hotI haiM, prakAza ke Ate hI andhakAra tirohita ho jAtA hai| inameM koI samaya bheda nahI hai| yaha parivartana pratikSaNa ho rahA hai, yaha bAta alaga hai ki sUkSma hone ke kAraNa vaha hamArI pakar3a ke bAhara hai arthAt hama use dekha nahIM pA rahe haiM / bAlaka, yauvana aura prauDha avasthAoM se gajarakara hI vRddha ho pAtA hai| aisA nahIM hai ki koI sATha-sattara varSa kI avasthA meM ekAeka vRddha ho gayA, vaha to sATha-sattara varSa taka nirantara baddha hotA rahA hai, vRddha hone kI yAtrA pratikSaNa huii| yadi eka kSaNa bhI vaha ruka jAe to vaha vRddha ho hI nahIM sktaa| 1. sadravyalakSaNaM / - tatvArthasUtra, 5/29 2. utpAdanyapadhauvyayuktaM sat / - vahI, 5/30 1. sarvArthasiddhi, pR. 229 2.dhauvymvsthitiH| - pravacanasAra, tAtparyavRtti, 95 *udAsIna Azrama, tukogaMja, indaura, Page #171 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ tasvArthasUna-nika/ 115 vivAnitvAtmakatA pratikSaNa parivartita hote rahane ke kAraNa dravya anitya hai tathA parivartita hote rahane ke bAda bhI vaha apane mUla meM aparivartita hai, ata: dravya nitya bhI hai / isalie jainadarzana meM dravya ko nityAnityAtmaka kahA gayA hai| yadi dravya sarvathA nitya hotA, to jagat ke sAre padArtha kUTastha ho jaate| na to nadiyA~ baha pAtI, na hI per3oM ke patte hila pAte / bAlaka, bAlaka hI rahatA, vaha yuvA na ho pAtA, yuvA yuvA hI rahatA, vaha vRddha nahIM ho pAtA, vRddha vRddha hI rahatA, vaha mara na paataa| jo jaisA hai, vaha vaisA hI rahatA / yadi padArtha anitya hI hotA, to pratikSaNa badalAva hote rahane ke kAraNa hama ekadasare ko pahacAna hI nahIM pAte aura pratikSaNa hone vAle parivartana kI isa daur3a meM kisI kA kisI se paricaya hI nahIM ho pAtA / aisI sthiti meM na to hameM koI smRti hotI, na hI hote hamAre koI sambandha, jabaki aisA hai hI nahIM, kyoMki yaha to pratyakSa aura anubhava ke viparIta hai| ata: jainadarzana meM padArtha ke svarUpa ko nitya aura anitya donoM rUpoM vAlA arthAta nityAnityAtmaka kahA gayA hai| nityAnityAtmaka hone ke kAraNa dravya ko gaNa-paryAya vAlA kahA gayA hai| gaNa padArtha kA nitya aMza hai, vaha kabhI bhI naSTa nahIM hotaa| usakI avasthAe~/paryAya badalatI rahatI haiN| padArtha aneka guNoM kA samUha hai| unameM hone vAlA parivartana hI paryAya hai| pratyeka guNa dravya ke Azrita rahatA hai, kintu svayaM anya guNoM se hIna/rahita hotA hai| isalie yaha guNa hokara bhI nirguNa kahalAtA hai / guNa padArtha meM sarvatra rahate haiN| aisA nahIM hai ki vaha padArtha ke kisI eka aMza meM rahatA ho, vaha to tila meM tela kI taraha pUre padArtha meM vyApta hokara rahatA hai| sarvatra hone ke sAtha-sAtha vaha sarvadA pAyA jAtA hai, isalie ise nitya kahate haiN| paryAyeM kSaNa-kSAyI hotI haiM, pratikSaNa miTate rahane ke kAraNa ye (paryAya) anitya kahalAtI samajhane ke lie, Ama eka padArtha hai / sparza, rasa, gandha tathA rUpa isake guNa haiM / ina guNoM kA samUha hI Ama hai| yadi inheM pRthaka kara liyA jAye to Ama nAma kA koI padArtha hI nahIM bacatA, kintu inheM pRthaka kiyA hI nahIM jA sakatA / ye dravya ke ananya aMga haiN| dravya se inakA nitya sambandha rahatA hai| Ama kA svAda, raMga, gaMdha aura sparza rUpa guNa Ama ke raga-raga meM samAye haiN| ata: vastu guNoM kA samUha rUpa hai / ina guNoM meM parivartana hotA rahatA hai| Ama khaTTe se mIThA, mIThe se kar3avA, kar3ave se kasailA ho sakatA hai, umakA harA raMga badalakara pIlA yA kAlA ho sakatA hai, vaha kaThora se mRdu athavA pilapile sparza vAlA ho sakatA hai, sugadhita se vaha durgandhita bhI ho sakatA hai / ye saba pUrvokta cAra guNo kI avasthAe~ haiM, kintu guNoM meM paraspara koI parivartana nahIM hotaa| usakA raMga badalakara rasa nahIM hotA, rasa badalakara raMga nahIM bana sktaa| usI taraha gaMdha aura sparza bhI apane mUla rUpa meM nahIM bdlte| guNa traikAlika hote haiM / yahI guNoM kI nityatA hai| paryAyoM meM parivartana hote rahane ke kAraNa unheM anitya kahate haiN| 1. sarvArthasiddhi, pR. 232 2. guNaparyayavad dravyam / - tattvArthasUtra, 5/38 3. kArtikeyAnuprekSA, gAthA 241 4. guNavikAsa: pAH / - AlApapaddhati, pR. 134 5. dravyAzrayA nirguNA: guNAH / - tattvArthasUtra, 5/41 6. sahabhuvo hi guNAH / - dhavalA, pu. 174 7. kramavartinaH pryaayaaH| - AlApapaddhati, pR. 140 Page #172 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ ..116/svArthA-nikAya isa prakAra guNa bhI sat dravya kI taraha nityAnityAtmaka haiN| cUMki sat nityAnityAtmaka hai, isalie use utpAdavyaya-dhauyya lakSaNa vAlA kahA gayA hai| gaNa nitya hai. paryAya anitya hai, isalie dravya ko gaNa paryAya vAlA bhI kahate haiN| ina tInoM lakSaNoM meM aikya hai, isalie AcArya kundakunda ne dravya kA lakSaNa tInoM prakAra se kiyA hai - damba sallaksaNiyaM uppAdabvayadhuvattasaMjutaM / guNapajjayAsayaM vA bhaNNaMti savvaNha / / paMcAstikAya,10 arthAt bhagavAn jinendra dravya kA lakSaNa sat kahate haiM, vaha utpAda, vyaya aura dhauvya se yukta hai athavA jo gaNa aura paryAyoM kA Azraya hai, vaha dravya hai| AcArya samantabhadra ne eka udAharaNa se dravya kI nityAnityAtmakatA kI sundara prastuti kI hai - ghaTamAlisuvarNA nAzotpAdasthitidhvayam / zoka-pramoda-mAdhyasthyaM jano yAti sahetukam / / A.mI.59 eka rAjA hai jisakI eka putrI hai aura eka putra / usake pAsa sone kA kalaza hai, putrI ume cAhatI hai / putra use galavAkara makaTa banavAnA cAhatA hai| rAjA putra kI bhAvanA ko pUrNa karane ke lie kalaza ko galavAkara mukuTa banavA detA hai| ghaTa ke nAza se putrI du:khI hotI hai, putra Anandita hotA hai| rAjA svarNa kA svAmI hai, ghaTa ke TUTane aura mukuTa ke banane donoM meM usakA svarNa murakSita hai, isalie vaha madhyastha rahatA hai / ata: vastu prayAtmaka hai| jainadarbhana mAnya padArtha kI nityAnityAtmakatA ko pAtajali ne bhI svIkAra kiyA hai, ve likhate hai - 'dravyaM nityaM bhAkRviranityA / suvarNa kayAcit AkRtyA yukto piNDo bhavati / piNDAkRtimupamadya rucakAH kriyante / punarAvRtaH suvarNapiNDa: punaraparA ca AkRtyA yuktaH khadirAMgAra sadRze kuNDale bhavataH / AkRti anyA ca anyA bhavati tavyaM punastadeva AkRtyupamardaina drvymevaavshissyte|'' . arthAt dravya nitya hai aura AkAra arthAt anitya hai| mavarNa kisI eka viziSTa AkAra meM piNDa rUpa hotA hai| piNDa rUpa kA vinAza karake usakI mAlA banAI jAtI hai| mAlA kA vinAza karake usake kar3e banAe jAte haiN| kaDoM ko toDakara usase amuka AkAra kA vinAza karake khadirAgAra ke sadRza do kuNDala banA liye jAte haiN| isa prakAra AkAra badalatA rahatA hai, parantu dravya vahI rahatA hai| AkAra ke naSTa hone para bhI dravya zeSa rahatA hI hai| pAtajali ke uparyukta kathana se jainadarzana mAnya dravya kI nityatA aura paryAya kI anityatA kA pUrNa rUpa se poSaNa hotA hai| nityAnityAtmaka hone se utpAda-vyaya-dhauvya rUpa vastu ko 'mImAsakadarzana' ke pravartaka 'kamArillabhadra' ne bhI svIkAra kiyA hai| unhoMne to 'AcArya samantabhadra' kRta udAharaNa ko bhI apanAyA hai| ve vastu ko trayAtmaka mAnate hue kahate haiM vardhamAraka bhaMge ya rucakaH kriyate ydaa| tavA pUrvArthinaH zokaH protizcApyuttarArthinaH / / - 1. pAlakAna mahAbhASya, 1/1/1 Page #173 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ - hemArpimastu mAdhyasthya tasmAd bastu payAtmakam / notpAvasthitibhaMgAnAmamA sthAnmadinamam // na nAmena binA soko nAtyAyema binA sukham / sthityA binA namAdhyasya tena sAmAnyanityatA arthAt suvarNa ke pyAle ko tor3akara jaba mAlA banAI jAtI hai, taba pyAle ke icchuka manuSya ko duHkha hotA hai, mAlA icchuka manuSya Anandita hotA hai, kintu svarNa ke icchuka manuSya ko na harSa hotA hai, aura na zoka / ata: bastu trayAtmaka hai| yadi padArtha meM utpAda, vyaya aura dhauvya na hote, to tIna vyaktiyoM ke tIna prakAra ke bhAva nahIM hote, kyoMki pyAle ke nAza se pyAle ke icchuka vyakti ko zoka nahI hotaa| mAlA ke utpAda binA mAlA ke icchuka vyakti ko sukha nahIM hotA tathA svarNa kA icchuka manuSya pyAle ke vinAza aura mAlA ke utpAda meM mAdhyastha nahIM raha sktaa| ata: vastu sAmAnyatayA nitya hai aura vizeSa kI apekSA se anitya / yadyapi dravya ko guNa-paryAya vAlA kahA gayA hai tathA unake paraspara bheda bhI batAye gae haiM, kintu ye pRthak-pRthak nahIM haiM, inameM koI sattAgata bheda nahIM hai, apitu tInoM ekarasa rUpa haiM, eka sattAtmaka haiM / paryAya se rahita guNa aura dravya tathA dravya aura guNa se rahita koI paryAya nahIM hotii| tInoM kI saMyuti hI dravya hai| jaise svarNa apane pItatvAdi guNa tathA kar3A, kuNDalAdi AkRtiyoM se rahita nahIM milatA, vaise hI padArtha jaba bhI milatA hai, vaha apane guNa aura paryAyoM ke sAtha hI milatA hai / isalie paryAya ko dravya aura guNa se apRthak kahA gayA hai| pajjayavijudaM davvaM danyavijuttA ya pajjayA nntyi| doNhaM aNaNNabhUdaM bhAvaM samaNA palveti // paMcAstikAya, I? arthAt paryAya se rahita koI dravya nahI tathA dravya se rahita koI paryAya nahI hai, dono ananyabhUta hai, aisA jinendra kahate haiN| vastuta: padArtha guNa aura paryAyoM kA apRthak guccha hai / isa prakAra hamane sat rUpa padArtha ke svarUpa ko samajhA / yaha utpAda-vyaya-dhauvyAtmaka hai tathA guNa aura paryAya vAlA hai| guNa aura paryAya guNa padArtha meM rahane vAle usa aga kA nAma hai, jo usameM sarvadA rahatA hai tathA sarvAza meM vyApta rahane ke kAraNa sarvatra bhI rahatA hai| jaise pUrvokta udAharaNa meM diye gae Ama meM rahane vAle usake sparza Adi guNa usameM sadA rahate haiM tathA ve sarvAza meM vyApta haiN| muNoM meM hone vAle parivartana ko paryAya kahate haiN| guNa padArya meM sadA rahate haiM, isalie inhe sahabhAvI yA sahavartI bhI kahate haiM tathA paryAya kSaNa-kSAyI hotI hai tathA tAtkAlika hI hotI hai, eka kAla meM eka hI hotI hai| isa vajaha se krama meM Ane ke kAraNa inheM kramavartI yA kramabhAvI bhI kahate haiN| guNa traikAlika hote haiM, paryAya tAtkAlika hotI haiM / guNa aura paryAya meM itanA hI antara hai| 1.mImAMsakAlokavArtika, 1.610 Page #174 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ 118/svArthamA-nika pAva ke meva payi do prakAra kI hotI haiM - dravyaparyAya aura guNaparyAya, athavA vyaMjanaparyAya aura arthaparyAya / ' donoM zuddha aura azuddha ke bheda se do prakAra kI hotI haiN| eka guNa kI eka samayavartI paryAya ko guNaparyAya kahate haiM tathA aneka guNoM ke eka samayavarsI paryAyoM ke samUha ko dravyaparyAya kahate haiN| jaise - Ama kA khaTTApana aura mIThApana guNaparyAya haiM, kyoMki isameM eka guNa kI mukhyatA hai tathA Ama kA kaccApana aura pakkApana yA Ama kA choTA-bar3A honA dravyaparyAya hai, kyoMki ye Ama ke sabhI guNoM ke sAmudAyika pariNamana kA phala hai athavA dravya ke AkAra yA saMsthAna sambandhI paryAya ko dravyaparyAya tathA usase atirikta anya guNoM ke paryAya ko guNaparyAya kahate haiN| dravya aura guNaparyAya kA yaha bhI lakSaNa pAyA jAtA guNaparyAya usa guNa kI eka samaya kI abhivyakti hai aura guNa usakI trikAlagata abhivyaktiyoM kA samUha hai| usI prakAra trikAlavartI samasta guNoM kA samUha dravya hai aura sakala guNo ke eka samaya ke pRthak-pRthak paryAyoM ke samUha kA nAma dravyaparyAya hai / guNaparyAya tathA guNa aura dravyaparyAya tathA dravya meM yahI antara hai| arthaparyAya va vyaMjanaparyAya kA lakSaNa bhinna prakAra se bhI kiyA gayA hai| dravya meM hone vAle pratikSaNavartI parivartana ko artha paryAya tathA ina parivartana ke phalasvarUpa dikhAne vAle sthUla parivartana ko vyaMjanaparyAya kahate haiN| pratyeka sthUla pariNamana kinhIM sUkSma pariNamanoM kA hI phala hai, jo ki sattara varSIya vRddha ke udAharaNa se spaSTa hai| donoM prakAra kI paryAya zuddha-azuddha ke bheda se do prakAra kI hotI haiN| usame zuddhadravya kI donoM paryAyeM zuddha hotI haiM tathA azuddha dravya kI donoM hI payiM azuddha hI hotI haiN| mukta jIva tathA pudgala ke zuddha paramANu kI donoM hI paryAyeM zuddha hotI haiM tathA sasArI jIva aura pudagala skandhoM kI donoM hI paryAyeM azuddha / yahI paryAyoM kA saMkSipta paricaya hai / paMcAstikAya, tAtparyavRtti 16 4.ma. pratisamayapariNatirUpA arthaparyAyA: bhaNyante / -pravacanasAra, tAtparyavRtti, 1/8) ...ba.spUmA kAlAntarasthAyI sAmAnyajJAnagocarAH / TinAbastu paryAyo bhaved vyaJjanasaMzakaH / / - bhAvasaMgraha, 377 Page #175 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ Tattvartha Sutra An Important source of Indian Law * Suresh jain. I.A.S 2. The Tattvartha Sutra written in the first century, is a well known and a very Important work of the jaina Acharya and great logician His Holiness Umaswami. It is also known as "MOKSHA SASTRA" It is a gold mine of Principles relating to jaina philosophy. It is a compendium of the basic doctrines of Jainism. It is a compact book of sublime wisdom and basic epitome of Jainism. It is a jain Bible. It describes the path of liberation. It is a great instrument of salvation in our hands. It prescribes the join way of life. It describes the essentials of jaina philosophy and Religion with the iftmost brevity. It is an authoritative religious book with its excellent social dimensions : crosanctity is highly respocted by all the jains. It bestowed immortal, fame on Umaswami, who was endowed with outstanding and exceptional literary and philosophical talent. Acharya Umaswami is a greatest philosopher. He is noted for 118 depth of thought and simplicity of expression. With his constants meditation, contemplation, clanty of thinking and brevity and conciseness in expression, he created Tattvarthsutra which consists of 357 sutras in its ten chapters. If we delve deep into the truths expounded and enunciated in it, we find that such truths are eternal, universal and immutable. The Tattvarth Sutra deals with seven substances (Tattvas) for the welfare of spirit or soul. It perfectly divides the universe into two eternal substances, Spirit and Matter or living (Jiva) and non-living (Ajiva) or soul and non-soul substances. It defines the nature and process of their interaction between them. Such process of inter action involves influx of karmic matter (Aasrava], its union or attachments or fusion or bondage with soul [Bandha) . The stoppage of further influx of larmic matter (Samvaraj and detachment or shedding away of karmic from soul [Nirjara). Such separation of the soul from matter results in the perfect liberation of soul (Mokha). Right belief, {Samyak Darshan), right knowledge (Samyak Gyant and right conduct (Samyak Charitra) unitedly constitute the path of such liberation. 3 30 Nishant Colony, Bhopal.M.P462003 Tel (0755) 2555533 Page #176 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ 120/reg-Fr 4. The seventh chapter of Tattvartha Sutra deals with THE FIVE VOws and prescribes the ethical and moral guidelines for householder. It is an idea land outstanding code of conduct for every citizen. The five main vows are 'Ahimsa' 'Satya' 'Asteya' 'Brahmacharya' and Alparigraha. The first vow Ahimsa or Non-violence ensures minimization of violence and greatest Kindness to all living creature without any intention to injure them. The second vow Satya ensures truthfullness. The third vow Asteya restrains from theft. The fourth vow Bhahmacharya regulates sexual desires and practices and the fifth vow Aparihraha restrains accumulation of excessive wealth and possessions. The Non-violence underlies in each and every rule of jain Ethies. It perneutes and pervades into drinking and food. habirs, professions, trade, industries and social behavior of jains. 5. These five vows prescibe the individual. Familial and social behavior for every person constitute jain ethical code and accord religious sanvtions to most important public behavior and moral conduct. This ethical code covers the same ground as the 511 sections and 23 chapters of the Indian penal code whoch enumerates almost all offences known to our modern civilization. Therefore this ethical code is most important for creation of national and social values. 6 This ethical code is an important source of constitutional, criminal and civil law of the land. The object of the penal law is the prevention of offences by the example of punishment. The jain scholars believe that the object of jam Ethical code is wide and more sacrosanct because the due observance of jain Ethical code would save a person from pffences against property, state and public justice and offences relating to human body, coin and stamps and weights and measures and offences affecting the pubkic health, safety, convenience, decency and morality. 7. The 29th sutra of Tattvarth sutra lays down that every householder should prescribe imits to immovable and movabla properties owned by him. He should never transgress such limits. If a parson exceeds such limits. It amounts to breach of vow. This original sutra which is in Sanskrit languahe is being quoted below: kSetravAstu hiraNyasuvarNadhanadhAnyadAsIdAsakupyapramANAtikramAH // 'Kshetra' consists of fields in which various types of crops are grown. 'Vastu' is the habitation or place of residence. 'Hiranya' means silver. 'Suvaru' means gold. 'Dhanya' denotes food grains such as wheat and rice. 'Dasi-Dasa' means male and female servants. 'Kupya' includes clothes and utensils. The householder resolves that he will fix the limits of possession of the said goods and will not exceed such limits. If he exceeds such limits, his action will constitute the transgression of such vow of limiting his possessions. 8. This Sutra propounds that we should nor exceed the limits set by us with regard to cultivable land and house, wealth such as gold and silver, cattle and food grains, Page #177 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ men and woman servants and clothes and utensils. Really it is a soul of social code of jain Society. 9. In the first century, this sutra displayed the worldly wisdom of practical utility to the think ers and law makers of 20th century. It commanded for minimization of possessions. It contained and elaborated the baice features for the development of democratic society. It provided effective solutions for the social and economic problems of the day. This distinctive rule of conduct of jain Ethics, directly led to economic and social equalization by preventing undue accumulation of wealth and services by an individual. Thus the laid down the foundations for Constitution of India and a number of modern laws of the contry, 10. the Constitution of India, following the spirit of Tatvatha Sutra prescribes Directive Principles of State Policy and provides therein that : (i) The State shall strive to promote the welfare of the people by securing and protecting as effectively as it may,a social order in which justice social, economic and political shall inform all the institutions of the national life. (ii) The state shall , in particular , strive to minimize the inequalities in income, and endeavor to eliminiate inequalities in status, facilities and oppatunities, not only amongst individuals but also amongst groups of people residing in different areas or engaged in different vocations. (11) The state shall, in particular, direct its policy towards securing a. That the civizen, men and women equally, have the right to an adequate means of livelihood; b. That the ownership and control of the material resources of the community are so distributed as best to sub serve the common good; c. That the operation of the economic system does not result in the concentration of wealth and means of production to the common detriment; d. The State take steps for prohibiting the slaughter, of cows and calves and other mulch and draught cattle. 'e. The State shall endeavor to protect and improve the environment and to safeguard the forests and wild life of the country. 11. The Constitution of Indha prescribes Fundamental Duties of every citizen of India and provides that - It shall be the duty of every citizen of India - : , . .. Page #178 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ 2. To promote harmony and the spirit of common brotherhood amongst all the people of India b. To abjure violence; c. To protect and improve the natural environment including forests, lakes, rivers and wild life, and d. To have compassion for living creatures; 12. The following laws embody the spirit and principles incorporated in the Tattvartha Sutra:12.1 The Urban Land (Ceiling and Regulation) Act, 1976 This Act was promulgated to socialize to all urban and urbanisable land and to impose ceiling on individual holdings and ownership of urban property beyond reasonable limits. Its objective was to impose a ceiling on the size of holdings and discour age luxury housing. However this Act has been rejpealed. 12.2 For the socialization of urban land, the following complementary measures have been taken: 1. Imposition of property tax on vacant urban land in Municipal law. 2.Imposition of property tax on urban land with buildings in Municipal law. 3.Imposition of development charge on land when they are developed in Municipal law and in law relating to land. 12.3 M.P.Ceiling on agricultural Hodings Act, 1960 This act imposes ceiling on existing agncultural holdings as well as on future acquisition of agricultural lands with a view to provide for a more equitable distribution of land. This act also promotes the cconomic and social interest of the weaker sections of the community and to subservr the common good. 12.4 The Income Tex Act, 1961. This act imposes the income tax and surcharge on the income carned by citizens of India for the welfare of the State. If a citizen earns income exceeding a particular limit, he is liable to pay income tax on such income and surcharge thereon. He is required to the State. 125 M.P. Rice Procurement order and M.P. Wheat procurement order. This state Government promulgated both these orders to procure levy on the production of wheat and rice. Both these orders provided that of production and storage of wheat and rice exceeded the particular quantities fixed by the Stats Government for purposes of these orders the surplus wheat/rice shall be procured by the Government at the reasonable rates prescribed by the Government. Page #179 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ 1123 13. The standard books written by jain Acharyas contain principles of good govimance, excellent corporate culture and ideal human conduct. The researchers should study all these books and the laws of the land and find out the similarities and aspects of interdependence between the law laid down by our great saints in books like Tattvarth Sutra and codified law laid down by the Constitution of India and by the Acts enacted by Indian Parliament and State Legislative Assemblies of all States of India. 14. In the end, I would like to make the humble submission that Jain code of conduct enshrined in Tattvarth Sutra and similar books, made members of Jain community better, nire responsible and more successful citizens and better human beings. Consequently the Jains excel in their professions not only in this country but in the whole world. AhAra ke uparAnta pUjya munizrI mandira jI meM zAntinAtha vedikA ke bagala meM baiThate the, pIche ke daravAje se Ane vAlI zItala vAyu unheM Ananda detii| unake tInoM tarapha bhaktoM kI bhIr3a unheM ghera letii| usa dina jisa ghara meM unake AhAra huye hote. usa parivAra ke sabhI sadasyoM kA utsAha aura umaMga dekhate hI banatI thii| loga prazna karate, munizrI tvarita uttara dete / prazna-uttara kA yaha kAryakrama pUre cAturmAsa kAla meM abAdharUpa se calatA rhaa| eka dina maiMne pUjya munizrI se sAkSAtkAra lene kA upakrama kiyaa| TeparikArDara aura mAika kI vyavasthA kI, | lekina zoragula ke kAraNa vyavasthita DhaMga se rikArDa nahIM ho skaa| phira bhI pUjya munizrI se huye sAkSAtkAra ke kucha rocaka aMza yahA~ prastuta haiM - 1. prazna parama pUjya gurudeva ! bAlyAvasthA meM Apa par3hane ke sAtha-sAtha kyA khela meM bhI ruci rakhate the ? uttara- hA~, rakhatA to thA / prazna- kisa khela meM ? uttara- phuTabAla khelA hU~ / prazna- mahArAja zrI, Apako itane sAre kheloM meM phuTabAla hI kyoM pasanda AI ? koI vizeSa kAraNa thA kyA? uttara- hA~, yaha tAkata aura kSamatA kA khela hai| phuTabAla ko Apa jyAdA dera apane pAsa nahIM rakhate, eka joradAra kika lagAkara use usake gantavya (virodhI gola) taka pahu~cAne kA prayAsa karate haiN| geMda ke liye Apa lapakate haiM, chInAjhapaTI bhI karate haiM, para DAlate use virodhI gola meM hI haiN| prazna - to mahArAja zrI, isase kyA sIkha leM ? uttara- mantavya bahuta spaSTa hai, Asakti nhiiN| anAsakti rkho| phuTabAla ko jitanI jyAdA dera apane pAsa rakhane kI koziza karoge, vaha tumase china jaayegii| hA~tha se pakar3ane kI koziza phAula karAra degii| golakIpara bhI eka samaya sImA se adhika geMda ko apane pAsa nahIM rakhatA / prazna- pUjya gurudeva ! to kyA hama sabhI yahI samajheM ki Apane ghara-parivAra rUpI phuTabAla ko eka bAra hI joradAra kika lagAkara saphalatA pAI aura saMsAra rUpI phuTabAla ke prati Asakti ko tor3akara mukti lakSmI rUpI TrAphI prApta karane ke mArga para cala par3e haiM ? upasthita bhaktoM kI khilakhilAhaTa aura jaya dhvani / Page #180 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ 124 / svArthasUtra-nikava tattvArthasUtra evaM bhAratIya daNDavidhAna : eka vivecana tatvArtha sUtra 1. tasvArthasUtra AcArya umAsvAmI dvArA racita IsA kI dUsarI zatAbdI kI eka mahattvapUrNa upalabdhi hai jise jainadharma aura darzana kA sAra mAnA jAtA hai| 2. tattvArthasUtra meM 357 sUtra haiM / 3. tattvArthasUtra meM koI saMzodhana karake na to unake purAne sUtroM ko badalA gayA hai aura na naye sUtroM ko jor3A gayA hai| 4. tasvArthasUtra tInoM lokoM ke tInoM kAloM meM chaha dravyoM aura sAta tattvoM kA zAzvata vivecana karatA hai| * * phirojAbAda anUpacanda jaina eDavokeTa bhAratIya daNDa vidhAna 1. bhAratIya daNDavidhAna kI parikalpanA laoNrDa maikAle ne kI thI aura isameM bhUla bhAvanA zArIrika evaM sampatti sambandhI aparAdhoM kA kisa prakAra niyantraNa kiyA jAye yahI thii| isakA prathama Alekha 04 sadasyIya vidhi kamiznarsa jiname laoNrDa maikAle mukhya the ne taiyAra karake 11 akTUbara 1837 ko gavarnara janarala ke samakSa prastuta kiyA aura usake bAda 26 apraila 1845 ko usa Alekha meM kucha saMzodhanoM kI siphAriza gavarnara janarala ke dvArA kI gaI aura antata: 06 akTUbara 1860 ko yaha amala me aayaa| 2. bhAratIya daNDavidhAna meM 511/530 dhArAyeM haiM / 3. bhAratIya daNDavidhAna meM 511 dhArAyeM thI parantu samaya samaya para AvazyakatAnusAra unameM 19 dhArAyeM aura jor3I gaI haiM aura isa prakAra bhAratIya daNDavidhAna meM aba lagabhaga 530 dhArAyeM haiM / 4. bhAratIya daNDavidhAna sampUrNa bhAratavarSa meM bhI lAgU nahIM hotA balki isakI dhArA ke anusAra isakA vistAra jammUkazmIra ko choDakara sampUrNa bhAratavarSa rakhA gayA hai / is. tatvArthasUtra dravyoM evaM tattvoM kI vibhinna avasthAoM kA 5. bhAratIya daNDavidhAna eka vyavasthA hai jisameM aparAdha jJAna karAtA hai| karane kA daNDa diyA gayA hai| T Page #181 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ tasvArthamA nika/ 125 ne h abinternationanda samAnAmA 6. tattvArthasUtra meM jita kriyAoM ko mana, vacana karma ke yoga 6. bhAratIya daNDavidhAna meM saMkalpa dvArA kI gaI kriyA se se karane para zubha evaM azubha bhAvoM ke Asava aura utpanna aparAdha ke daNDa kA pravidhAna hai| mAtra saMkalpa to tadanusAra puNya, pApa evaM usake pariNAma ke bAre meM daNDanIya hI nahIM hai| vivecanA kI gaI hai| 7. tasvArthasUtra ke anusAra pratyeka jIva ko usake kiye gaye 7. bhAratIya daNDavidhAna ke anusAra yaha Avazyaka nahIM hai ki karmo ke Asrava kA cAhe ve zubha hoM yA azubha hoM phala jisane aparAdha kiyA ho use daNDa mila hI jAye aneka bhoganA hI par3atA hai| aisI paristhitiyA~ utpanna ho jAtI haiN| jinheM hama sAma, dAma, daNDa aura bheda ke rUpa meM kaha sakate haiM, jinake kAraNa aparAdha karane vAlA vyakti daNDa pAne se baca jAtA hai| jaise rizvata aadi| 8. tattvArthasUtra meM adhyAya 6 ke sUtra 15 meM bahuta Arambha aura 8. bhAratIya daNDavidhAna meM aisA koI vivecana nahIM hai| parigraha bAle bhAva ko narakagati kA kAraNa kahA hai| isI prakAra sUtra 16 meM tiryaca Ayu kA, sUtra 18 meM manuSya Ayu kA eva sUtra 21 meM deva Ayu kA tathA sUtra 25, 26 va 27 meM kramaza: nIcagotra, uccagotra evaM antarAya kA Asrava kA vivecana hai| 9. tattvArthasUtra ke adhyAya 7 ke sUtra 13 meM hiMsA ke lie kahA 9. aisA koI vivecana bhAratIya daNDa vidhAna meM nahIM hai| gayA pramattayoga se prANoM kA vadha karanA hI himA hai aura pramatta arthAt pramAda ko kaSAya sahita avasthA kA rUpa diyA hai| 15 prakAra ke pramAdoM kA bhI vivaraNa diyA hai, jisameM 5 indriyA~, 4 kaSAya, 4 vikathA (strIkathA, rAjakathA, corakathA, bhojana kathA), nidrA tathA sneha ke rUpa meM nirUpita kiyA gayA hai| 10. tattvArthasUtra ke anusAra 5 pApa evaM usake kAraNa darzAye 10. bhAratIya daNDavidhAna meM dhArA-425 aniSTa se sambandha gaye haiM aura ye bhI kahA gayA hai ki dravyahiMsA aura rakhatI hai| isake anusAra dhArA 428 aura 429 aparAdha bhAvahisA do prakAra kI hiMsA hai| jaise- yadi koI kI khulI chUTa detI hai| dhArA 428 ke anusAra yadi koI machalI pakar3ane vAlA kisI jalAzaya meM kAMTA aura jAla vyakti 10/- rUpaye yA usase adhika mUlya ke kisI lekara machalI pakar3ane gayA aura pUre dina prayAsa karane ke ! jIva jantu yA jIvajantuoM kA vadha karake viSa dene bAda bhI usake jAla meM eka bhI machalI nahIM AI to vikalAMga karane yA nirupayogI banAne kA aniSTa kArya bhI use hisA kA aparAdha hogaa| karatA hai to vaha do varSa kI sajA yA Arthika daNDa yA donoM se daNDita kiyA jA sakegA / yahA~ yaha tathya ullekhanIya hai ki yadi vaha vyakti 1 rUpaye 99 paise saka ke jIvajantuoM ko jinakI saMkhyA saikaDoM aura hajAroM Page #182 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ 126/- niva 11. tattvArthasUtra meM aNuvrata va mahAvrata aura unake aticAro 11. bhAratIya daNDavidhAna meM 23 adhyAya haiN| kI spaSTa vyavasthA eva vyAkhyA dI gaI hai tathA isameM kula 10 adhyAya haiN| 12. tattvAryasUtra meM jIva ke zubha-azubha bhAvoM ke anusAra usakA zubha-azubha Asava hotA hai aura usake pariNAma bhogane ke lie vaha svayaM karttA evaM bhoktA hai| meM bhI ho sakatI hai, mAratA hai to usako koI daNDa nahIM bhugatanA pdd'egaa| udAharaNa ke lie cITiyoM, mastiyoM yA maccharoM kA koI mUlya nahIM hai aura yadi hajAroM kI saMkhyA meM koI vyakti mAratA hai to vaha kisI bhI daNDa ko pAne kA uttaradAyI nahIM hai aura isI prakAra dhArA 429 meM kisI hAthI, UMTa, ghoDe, khaccara, bhaise, sA~Da gAya va bhaisa ko cAhe usakA koI bhI mUlya ho yA 50 rUpayA yA usase adhika mUlya ke kisI bhI anya jIvajantu ko viSa dene vikalAga karane yA nirupayogI banAne kA aniSTa karatA hai to vaha kArAvAsa se yA jurmAne se yA donoM se daNDita kiyA jaavegaa| yahA~ jAnavaro kI dRSTi me bheda kiyA gayA hai| jabaki tattvArthasUtra meM aisA koI bheda nahIM kiyA gayA hai| bhAratIya daNDavidhAna meM adhyAya 4 meM dhArA 76 se lekara 106 taka sAdhAraNa apavAda batAye gaye haiM aura isameM yadi koI vyakti zarAba pIkara aparAdha karatA hai to vaha apavAda kI zreNI meM A sakatA hai| jabaki tattvArthasUtra meM aisA nahIM hai| 1. bhUmikA 2. sAdhAraNa vyAkhyAyeM ahiMsANuvratAdi 3. daNDa zikSA ke viSaya meM A. sAdhAraNa apavAda 12. bhAratIya daNDa vidhAna meM aparAdha karane vAlA usa aparAdha se prabhAvita pakSa nyAya vyavasthA taka pahuMcane vAlI prakriyA aura nyAya dene vAlA vyakti ina sabakA honA Avazyaka hai| uparokta vivecana se spaSTa hai ki jahA~ tatvArthasUtra kA AdhAra jIva kI cAroM gatiyoM kI avasthA kA varNana karate huye use sarvotkRSTa evaM sarvocca avasthA meM arthAt mokSa meM jAne kA mArga prazasta karanA hai, vahIM bhAratIya daNDa vidhAna kevala eka samaya vizeSa kI vyavasthA hai lekina tattvArthasUtra evaM bhAratIya daNDavidhAna meM kucha samAnatAyeM bhI haiM jo ki nimnalikhita sAraNI se spaSTa hotI haiM aura jo niraticAra arthAt nirdoSa vratoM kA pAlana karane meM sahAyaka hotI haiM 1. nyAyavidhipUrvaka rahanA athavA grahaNa krnaa| 2. 6-52 meM hisAdi 5 pApoM evaM 5 vratoM ke lakSaNa 3. 53-75 meM prAyazcitta vidhi 4. 76- 106 meM pramattayoga na hone se pApa kA bandha nahIM hotA Page #183 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ 5. preraNA athavA sahAyatA karane ke viSaya meM 6. rAjyaviruddha aparAdhoM ke viSaya meM w 7. senA sambandhI aparAdhoM ke viSaya meM 8. sArvajanika zAnti ke viruddha aparAdhoM ke viSaya meM 9. rAjya karmacAriyoM dvArA yA unase sambandhita aparAdhoM ke viSaya meM tatvArthasUtra- 7427 14. sArvajanika svAsthya surakSA suvidhA sadAcAra tathA ziSTAcAra ke viruddha aparAdhoM ke viSaya meM 5. 107-120 pA~ca aNuvrata evaM unake aticAra J 15. dharma sambandhI aparAdha 16. mAnava zarIra ke viruddha aparAdhoM ke viSaya me 17. sampatti sambandhI aparAdha 18. dastAvejoM tathA vyApAra athavA sampatti cihnoM se sambandhita aparAdhoM ke viSaya meM 6, 121 130 viruddha - rAjyAtikrama tyAga 7. 131 - 140 meM viruddharAjyAtikrama tyAga 10. rAjya karmacAriyoM ke prAdhikAra kI avamAnanA ke viSaya 10. 172-190 meM viruddharAjyAtikrama kA tyAga meM 11. jhUThI gavAhI aura sArvajanika nyAya ke viruddha aparAdha 141 - 160 meM ahiMsANuvrata evaM usake 5 aticAra 9. 161-171 meM asatya ke aticAra evaM acaurya tathA usake aticAra 12. sikka tathA sarakArI sTAmpa sambandhI aparAdhoM 12. 230-263 meM pratirUpaka vyavahAra evaM viruddha rAjyAtikrama tyAga 13. mApa-taula sambandhI aparAdha 11. 191 229 meM asatya mithyA AropaNa viruddha rAjyAtikramatyAga 13. 264-267 meM hInAdhika mAnonmAna aticAroM kA tyAga 14. 268-294 meM ahiMsA, satya tathA inake samasta aticAroM kA tyAga 15. 295-298 meM uparyukta 16. 299-377 meM niraticAra (nirdoSa) ahiMsANuvrata kA pAlana karanA 17. 378 - 462 meM niraticAra acauryANuvrata kA pAlana 18. 463-489 meM kUTalekhakriyA aura pratirUpaka vyavahAratyAga 19. sevA saMvidAoM (zartanAmoM) sampatti cihnoM ke viruddha 19.490-492 meM satyANuvrata kA pAlana AparAdhika bhaMga ke viSaya meM 20. vivAha se sambandhita aparAdha 21. mAnahAni 22. AparAdhika abhitrAsa (dhamakI denA) apamAna tathA kleza dene ke aparAdha meM 20. 493-498 meM parastrI - kAmanA kA tyAga 21. 499-502 meM satyANuvrata ke aura rahobhyAkhyAna aticAra kA tyAga 22. 503-510 meM satyANuvrata ke aticAra kA tyAga 23. aparAdha karane ke prayatna ke viSaya meM 23. 511 meM pA~coM aNuvratoM kA nirdoSa pAlana isa prakAra hama kaha sakate haiM ki tattvArthasUtra sArvakAlika, sArvabhaumika eva zAzvata svarUpa kA digdarzana karAtA hai| vahIM bhAratIya daNDa vidhAna bhArata meM bhI jammUkazmIra ko chor3akara zeSa bhArata meM lAgU hotA hai aura kevala AparAdhika kriyA hone para daNDa kI vyavasthA karatA hai| ataH jahA~ tattvArthasUtra kI koI upamA nahIM kI jA sakatI vahIM bhAratIya daNDa vidhAna sAmAjika rUpa se vyakti kI jIvana, sampatti Adi kI surakSA vyavasthA se sambandha rakhatA hai| Page #184 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ jaina karma-siddhAnta aura Adhunika manovijJAna * pro. bhAgacanda jaina 'bhAskara' AcArya umAsvAmI yA umAsvAti kA tattvArthasUtra eka yugAtIta grantha hai jise hama samagra jaina siddhAnta ke sAra ke rUpa meM svIkAra kara sakate haiN| kahIM-kahIM use tattvArthAdhigama kI bhI sajJA dI gaI hai| digambara aura zvetAmbara, donoM sampradAya ise samAna rUpa se sammAna karate hai, bhale hI uname apanI-apanI mAnyatAoM ke anusAra dRSTi nihita rahI hai| digambara paramparA unheM AcArya kundakunda kA ziSya mAnatI hai / ata: unakA samaya ImA kI prathama zatAbdI mAnA jA sakatA umAsvAmI ke isa grantha meM daza adhyAya aura 357 sUtroM meM tattvArtha kA sundara varNana huA hai| digambara paramparA meM isa para likhI gaI upalabdha TIkAo meM tIna TIkAyeM vizeSa prasiddha haI hai - pUjyapAda kI tattvArthavRtti yA sarvArthasiddhi, bhaTrAkalaMka kA tattvArthavArtika aura AcArya vidyAnanda kA tattvArthazlokavArtika / isI taraha zvetAmbara sampradAya meM bhI svopajJa bhASya, siddhasenIyA TIkA aura haribhadravRtti nAmaka TIkAye lokapriya huI haiN| tasvArthasUtra kA mUla AdhAra AcArya kundakunda ke grantha rahe hai / isake chaThe adhyAya meM 27 sUtra haiM jinameM Amrava tattva kA sAMgopAMga vivecana huA hai| isase pUrva pacama adhyAya me jIva, pudgala, dharma, adharma, AkAza aura kAla ina SaD dravyo kA varNana huA hai| isakA tAtparya hai ki Asrava tattva kA AdhAra yahI SaD dravya haiM / Adhunika manovijJAna kA kSetra bhI yahI Asava tatva rahA hai| isalie prastuta Alekha meM Asava tattva aura manovijJAna kA saMyukta adhyayana karane kA prayatna kiyA jaayegaa| yahA~ hamane pratyakSa-parokSa tathA saMvara-nirjarA ke sandarbha meM manovijJAna kI carcA ko choDa diyA hai| bahe bhayAnakA sArAMza jainadharma ke anusAra sArA sasAra kArmANavargaNAoM se bharA huA hai| mana, vacana aura kAya rUpa yoga-kriyA hI Asana hai| isI yoga-kriyA se hI AtmA ke pradezoM meM parispandana hotA hai aura jJAnAvaraNAdi karmo kA Asava (Agamana) prArambha ho jAtA hai| jisa pariNAma se AtmA ke karma kA Amrava hotA hai vaha bhAvAnava hai aura jJAnAvaraNAdi karmoM ke yogya pudagalavargaNA ko dravyAsava kahA jAtA hai| bhAvakarma hI dravyakarma kA saMgrAhaka hai aura dravyakarma bhAvakarma ke lie bhamikA taiyAra karatA rahatA hai| ina donoM meM nimitta-naimittika sambandha banA rahatA hai| Acake do bheda haiM-1.zubha yoga, jo puNya kA kAraNa hai aura 2. azubha yoga, jo pApa kA kAraNa hai| ina AmravoM ke kAraNoM meM kaSAya kA vizeSa hAtha hotA hai| kaSAya ke hone para karma kA bandha sAMparAyika kahalAtA hai aura niSkaSAya tukArAma cAla, sadara, mAnapura - 440001 Page #185 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ avasthA kA karma-kancha Ipithika mAnA jAtA hai| saMparAya kA artha hai saMsAra jo kaSAyavAcaka hai aura Ipica yogajanaka hotA hai / mithyAdRSTi se lekara sUkSmasAmparAya nAmaka dasaveM guNasthAna taka kaSAya kA udaya hone se karma gole kapar3oM para par3I dhUli kI taraha cipaka jAte haiN| unameM sthitibandha hotA hai| para Ipithika karmabandha kI sthiti bahuta thor3I, hotI hai| ve sUkhI dIvAla para paDI dhUla ke samAna kSaNabhara meM jhar3a jAte haiN| yaha Asrava upazAntamoha, kSINakaSAya aura sayogakevalI (11-13 veM guNasthAna) avasthA meM hotA hai| ___ tattvArthasUtra meM bhAvAsava ke kAraNa pAMca mAne gaye haiM - mithyAtva, avirati, pramAda, kaSAya aura yoga / inakI taratamatA ke AdhAra para karmabandha hotA hai| karmabandha kA AdhAra hai jIva aura ajIva / sarambha (sakalpa), samArambha, Arambha. ye tIna jIvAdhikaraNa haiM aura nivartanA, nikSepa Adi ajIvAdhikaraNa meM gine jAte haiN| isake bAda isa adhyAya meM AThoM karmoM kA vizeSa varNana kiyA gayA hai| isa sandarbha meM krodha, mAna, mAyA, lobha kA vistRta varNana milatA hai jise lezyA ke mAdhyama se samajhA jA sakatA hai / zubhAsava ke kAraNoM ke rUpa meM samyaktva kA bhI vivecana huA hai aura darzanavizuddhi Adi ko tIrthakaraprakRti ke Asrava ke rUpa meM ginAyA gayA hai| do praznoM para vicAra - isa sandarbha meM do praznoM para sarvaprathama vicAra kara lenA Avazyaka hai - 1. kyA mithyAtva akicitkara hai? aura 2. puNya ko Asrava kyoM mAnA jAtA hai ? isakA saMkSipta vivecana yaha hai - 1. kyA mithyAtva akicikara hai ? - pUjya AcArya zrI vidyAsAgara jI ne 1978 meM apane pravacanoM ke mAdhyama se yaha spaSTa karane kA prayatna kiyA ki mithyAtva sthiti aura anubhAgabandha meM akiJcitkara hai| isa para bhramavaza bar3A vivAda phaila gyaa| dhavalA (pu. 12/291/15) meM yaha spaSTa kahA gayA hai ki yoga se prakRti aura pradeza bandha hotA hai tathA kaSAya se sthiti aura anubhAga bandha hotA hai| mithyAtva cAroM prakAra ke bandha meM kAraNa nahIM hotA / vaha saMsAra kA mukhya kAraNa avazya hai para anantAnubandhI kaSAya kA udaya usake sAtha rahatA hai| dvitIya guNasthAna meM mithyAtva nahIM rahatA / vahA~ se 12 veM guNasthAna taka kI saMjJA 'ekadezajina' dI gaI hai| (pravacanasAra, 1/240) mithyAtva bandha kA kAraNa hai avazya para vahA~ prakRti aura pradeza bandha kA bAharI kAraNa yoga hai aura antaraMga kAraNa kaSAya hai| tIvra kaSAya ke kAraNa hI mithyAtva kI utkRSTa sthiti 70 koDAkoDI mAnI jAtI hai| mithyAtva svaya kucha nahIM hai| sabhI karma apane kSetra meM svatantra haiN| ve dUsare karmoM ke kAryakSetra meM saMkramaNa nahIM karate / darzanamoha (mithyAtva) cAritramoha ke lie akiJcitkara hai| isI taraha se sabhI karma eka dUsare ke lie akiJcitkara haiN| 25 prakRtiyoM ke bandha kA kAraNa bhI anantAnubandhI kaSAya kA udaya hI hai| ve prathama tathA dvitIya guNasthAna se Age nahIM bNdhtii| para mithyAtva, samyagmithyAtva aura samyaktva ina tIna darzanamohanIya ko milAkara mohanIya karma kI 28 prakRtiyoM ke upazamana se anantAnubandhI kaSAyoM (cAritramohanIya) kA upazamana bhI hotA hai| arthAta kaSAya kI hI pradhAnatA hai| yaha bhI yahA~ ullekhanIya hai ki samayasAra (gAthA 109/169) meM karmabandha ke cAra kAraNa hI diye gaye hai - mithyAtva, aviramaNa, kaSAya aura yoga / pramAda kaSAya ke antargata hI thaa| para umAsvAmI ne ise pRthakkara pAMca kAraNoM Page #186 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ 130/ tatvArthasUtra - nikava kI zrRMkhalA banA dii| inameM RjusUtra naya kI vivakSA se yoga eva kaSAya hI karmabandha meM kAraNa haiM, mithyAtva nhiiN| isa dRSTi semiyAtva ko citkara kahane meM koI bAdhA nahIM hai| 2. kyA puNya aura pApa eka haiM, samAna haiM ? puNya kA tAtparya hai jo AtmA ko pavitra karatA hai, maMgalakArI hai| ise hama zubha pariNAma bhI kaha sakate haiN| jinameM dayA, bhakti, bAraha bhAvanA, ratnatraya Adi bhAvoM kA samAveza hai| ina bhAvoM kI ArAdhanA karane vAlA jIva antarAtmA kahalAtA hai| inase AtmA pavitra hotI hai aura vaha paramAtmA pada kI ora baha jAtI hai| isalie zubhabhAva mokSa kA kAraNa - mAnA gayA hai| ise zubhopayoga aura sarAgacAritra bhI kahA jAtA hai| isase puNyakarma kA bandha hotA hai aura vahA~ saMvara aura nirjarA bhI hotI hai| (jayadhavalA, pu. 1 pR.6, pravacanasAra, 1.45 ) / umAsvAmI ne bhI yahI kahA hai - zubhaH puNyasyAzubha: pApasya (6.3) 1 ata: puNya kArya mokSa meM sahakArI kAraNa hai| isalie vaha heya nahIM, apitu upAdeya hai| yaha bAta sahI hai ki bahirAtmA aura antarAtmA ko sva-parasamaya mAnA gayA hai aura paramAtmA ko svasamaya kI saMjJA dI gaI hai ( rayaNasAra, 148, rAjavArtika 2/10/11 ) / parantu ise ekAnta pakSa kI dRSTi se nahIM liyA jAnA caahie| puNya aura pApa yadyapi pudgala dravya haiM aura jIva ke pariNAmoM se unakA bandha hotA hai para unako eka hI tarAjU para nahIM taulA jA sakatA hai| puNya mokSamArga meM sahakArI kAraNa hai jabaki pApa usameM bAdhaka hai| yaha bhI kahanA ThIka nahIM hogA ki vyavahAranaya se puNya kathaMcit upAdeya ho sakatA hai para nizcayanaya se to puNya sarvathA heya hai| kyoMki nizcayanaya heya - upAdeya rUpa vikalpa se dUra hai| puNya sAMsArika sukho kA kAraNa mAnA gayA hai aura vaha mokSa prApti meM sahakArI kAraNa hai| samayasAra ke puNya-pApa adhikAra me tathA gAthA 13 kI TIkA meM jo bhI kahA gayA hai vaha ekatvavibhakta AtmA kI dRSTi se kahA gayA hai (gAthA 3-4 ), sarvathA satya kI dRSTi se nhii| isI taraha gAthA 11 meM vyavahAranaya ko abhUtArtha kahA gayA hai aura 13 vIM gAthA kI TIkA meM puNya-pApa ko jIva kA vikAra kahA gayA hai| vaha ekatvavibhakta AtmA kI apekSA hI sahI hai, sarvathA nahIM / ataH puNya-pApa kI upAdeyatA sarvatra batAyI gaI hai / itanA avazya hai ki dravyAnuyoga kI apekSA zuddhopayoga kI upAdeyatA aura zubhopayoga kI gauNatA avazya mAnI gaI hai| zreNyArohaNa kartA kI dRSTi se puNya anupAdeya ho jAtA hai para avirata, dezavirata aura pramattasaMyama arthAt cauthe se chaThaveM guNasthAna kI apekSA nahI / zrAvaka evaM pramatta ke liye puNyakArya Avazyaka hai| unhe mAtra zuddha nizcayanaya kA upadeza deya nahI hai| aisA upadeza to unheM ghAtaka siddha ho sakatA hai| bhale hI antataH mokSaprApti meM puNya ke prati bhI mamatva tyAga karanA par3atA hai| Adhunika manovijJAna chaThe adhyAya kI viSaya sAmagrI jAnane ke bAda hama saMkSepa me Adhunika manovijJAna ko bhI samajha leM / manovijJAna ke kSetra meM mana, AtmA (jJAtA) aura zarIra kA pArasparika sambandha kyA hai ? mana Antarika hai yA bAhya vyavahAra se hI usake astitva kA patA calatA hai ? punarjanma hai yA nahIM ? yadi nahIM hai to karma kI kyA sthiti hai ? Adi jaise prazna sadaiva uThate rahe haiN| ina praznoM ke uttara bhAratIya aura pAzcAtya manovaijJAnikoM ne apane-apane DhaMga se diye haiN| - pAzcAtya manovijJAna pleTo aura arastu se prArambha hotA hai| para usakA sahI rUpa 17-18 vIM zatI se sAmane AyA jaba dekArta hAbja, laoNka, hyUma, barkale, kAMTa, jemsa Adi ne use acchA vistAra diyaa| yahA~ taka Ate-Ate manovijJAna Page #187 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ jaanaa kaahinii lir'ik aar'l mnyc khr'lgaa| jaalaalinggaar saathii shaai ti aal prAcIna paribhASA 'AtmA kA vijJAna' (Science of Soul) kahakara vyAkhyAyita nahIM kiyA jA sktaa| aba prayoga aura nirIkSaNa ke AdhAra para jJAnAtmaka, bhAvAtmaka aura kriyAtmaka prakriyAoM kA adhyayana kiyA jAtA hai| aMgrejI meM ise Psychology kahA jAtA hai jo Psyche aura Locas zabdoM se ni:sata huA hai |Psyche kA tAtparya hai mAtmA aura LOAD kA tAtparya hai jJAna / arthAt jo AtmA kA vijJAna hai vahI Psychology hai| para AtmA kA koI rUpa raMga na hone se usakA adhyayana nahIM kiyA jA sktaa| ata: use Scrence of Mind kahA jAne lgaa| Aja kA manovijJAna pazuoM aura manuSyoM ke bAhya vyavahAra ko bhI sammilita karatA hai| vaha mana ke astitva ko hI nahIM mAnatA, balki usake sthAna para smRti, vicAra, sAhacarya Adi mAnasika vRttiyoM ko bhI svIkAra karatA hai| ina vRttiyo ke adhyayana ke lie antardarzana, nirIkSaNa, prayogAtmaka, vikAsAtmaka Adi vidhiyoM kA upayoga kiyA jAtA hai| isake vaiyaktika, sAmAjika, racanAtmaka, AparAdhika, zArIrika Adi aneka kSetroM kA vikAsa huA hai| usameM Izvara, AtmA aura bhautika jagat ye tIna viSaya hI mukhya rahe hai / karmavAda aura sRSTivAda kI vyAkhyA ko bhI yahA~ pramukhatA dI gaI hai| aba ise Science of Consciousness kahA jAne lgaa| Adhunika manovijJAna meM prAyogika manovijJAna baDI tejI se bar3hA / buTa (1979 AD.) Ticanara, jemsa, ejila Adi ne prayogazAlAeM sthApita kI aura savedanA, sakalpa Adi ko vizeSa sthAna diyaa| phrAyaDa kA manovizleSaNavAda bhI eka krAntikArI manovaijJAnika siddhAnta rahA hai / isake bAda hI Adhunika manovijJAna kA drutagati se vikAsa huA hai| usameM vibhinna sampradAyoM kA janma huA hai - ina sampradAyoM meM saracanAvAda, prakAryavAda, vyavahAravAda, gesTAlDavAda, phrAiDavAda vizeSa pracalita haiN| saracanAtmaka manovijJAna ke saMsthApaka baMTa aura Ticanara (1867-1927A.D) ne mana aura zarIra meM samAnAntara sambandha mAnA | unake anusAra mana kI saMracanA tIna mAnasika tatvo ke yoga se huI hai - saMvedana, bhAvanA aura pratimA / isase cetanA ke vibhinna staroM kA varNana hone lagA / antarnirIkSaNa aura AtmaprekSaNa kA mahattva isameM adhika hai| cetana ke sAtha yahA~ avacetana mana kA bhI mahattva bar3ha gyaa| bAda meM vATasana ne vyabahAra aura nirIkSaNa para bala diyaa| isakA svarUpa bastuniSTha hai| isameM zarIra aura mana ko abhinna mAnA gayA hai| isameM uddIpana aura anukaraNa tathA paryAvaraNa ko mahatva diyA gayA hai / isake bAda gesToilTa sampradAya ne sAmAjika aura bAla manovijJAna ke kSetra meM vizeSa yogadAna diyaa| phira phrAiDa ne avacetana mana ko apane adhyayana kA viSaya bnaayaa| isake bAda jemsa ne manovijJAna ko cetanA kA vijJAna khaa| tadanusAra mana cetanA kA pravAha hai| cetanA hI AtmA hai| vaha svayaM prakAzaka aura padArtha kA pratyakSa jJAtA hai| aba darzana aura manovijJAna svatantra viSaya ho cuke haiN| bhAratIya manovijJAna bhAratIya manovijJAna prArambha se hI varNanAtmaka na hokara anubhavAtmaka rahA hai| usake vizeSa adhyayana kA viSaya yaha rahA hai ki mana kI zakti ko kaise bar3hAyA jAye, zArIrika kAryo, bhAvoM aura AvegoM ko kaise saMyamita kiyA jAve ? vaha mAlA kI sAzvatatA tathA karma ke kAraNa punarjanma rUpa paryAya paramparA meM bhava amana kA vizleSaNa bar3I sattA ke sAtha pahale se hI karatA AyA hai| Page #188 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ * Adhunika manovijJAna tathA prAcIna bhAratIya manovijJAna kA tulanAtmaka adhyayana karane para hama nimnalikhita niSkarSa para pahuMcate haiM ____ 1. bhAratIya manovijJAna darzana paraka hai, jahAM darzana kA sambandha adhyAtma se hai para Adhunika manovijJAna prAyogikatA ke kSetra meM Age bar3ha rahA hai| use adhyAtma se koI vizeSa prayojana nahIM hai| 2. bhAratIya manovijJAna meM AtmA ko kendrabindu ke rUpa meM dekhA gayA hai| vahA~ vikArI bhAvoM se mukta ho jAne para nirvANa prApti kI bAta kahI gaI hai| para Adhunika manovijJAna meM savegoM kA sthAna hai / punarjanma ke sandarbha meM vahA~ matabheda hai| AtmAnubhUti kA vahA~ koI sthAna nhiiN| ___ 3. pazcimI manovijJAna meM antardarzanapaddhati (Intraspection) kI pradhAnatA hai para bhAratIya manovijJAna meM sahajabodha (Intation) ko mukhya mAnA jAtA hai| AtmanirIkSaNa paraspara virodhI hone se avaijJAnika mAnA jAne 4. prArambha meM bhAratIya manovijJAna ke samAna pAzcAtya manovijJAna ke lagabhaga mabhI sampradAyoM meM bhI AtmA eka kendrIya tattva ke rUpa meM mAnA jAtA thaa| para bAda meM usake sthAna para mana ko svIkAra kiyA gayA aura AtmA ko dhArmika aura dArzanika pratyaya kahA gyaa| 5. Adhunika manovijJAna me cikitsAtmaka vidhi kA prayoga phrAiDa Adi manovaijJAniko ne kiyA para aisI vidhi prAcIna manovijJAna ke kSetra me nahIM miltii| 6. Adhunika manovijJAna kA kSetra racanAtmaka kAryavAdI vyavahAravAdI, mAhacarya, manovizleSaNa, vyaktivAdI Adi rUpoM meM vistRta ho gayA hai jo prAcIna bhAratIya manovijJAna me nahI dikhAI detaa| varzana meM mana aura karma - __ jainadarzana ke anusAra mana skandhAtmaka hai| use aNu pramANa nahIM mAnA jA makatA / anyathA sampUrNa indriyoM se artha kA grahaNa nahIM ho skegaa| vaha to eka sUkSma Abhyantarika indriya hai jo sabhI indriyo ke sabhI viSayo ko grahaNa kara sakatA hai|skssmtaa ke kAraNa hI use anindriya bhI kahA gayA hai| usakA koI bAhyAkAra bhI nahIM hai| mana ke do bheda haiM - dravyamana. 'ye pauSamalika hai aura bhAvamana jo indriya ke samAna labdhi aura upayogAtmaka (jJAnasvarUpa) hai| jainadarzana meM karma ko pudgala mAnA gayA hai| AtmA aura pudgala kA anAdikAlIna sambandha hai / vaha dvaitavAdI darzana hai| usake anusAra jar3a aura cetana kA saMyoga saMsAra hai aura unakA viyoga mokSa hai / cUki hara sasArI AtmA kathaJcita mUrta hai isalie mUrta kA mUrta pudgala karma ke sAtha saMyoga sambandha asvAbhAvika nahI hai / amUrta jJAna para mUrta mAdaka dravya apanA prabhAva chor3ate hI haiN| karma pudagala meM Asava nAma kI eka aisI UrjA hai jo satat pravAhita hotI rahatI hai| yaha Asava mana, aura kAya rUpa yoga se hotA hai| yoga se karma vargaNAyeM AkarSita hotI haiN| aura tadanusAra Atma-pariNAma bana jAte jilezyA kA abhidhAna diyA jAtA hai| yoga eka zarIra pravRtti hai| zarIra ke binA yoga ho nahIM sktaa| isalie lelyA bhIra mAmakarma ke udaya kA pariNAma mAnA jAtA hai / kriyA-pratikriyA ke cakra meM banA rAgAdi saMskAra hI karma hai| zarIra para aMkita ye saMskAra hI punarjanma ke kAraNa banate haiN| saMskAra, dhAraNA, vRtti, Adata Adi samAnArthaka zabda Page #189 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ hai| ataH karma pudgala rUpa bhI hai aura saMskAra rUpa bhI haiN| jIva aura karma kA eka-dUsare ke nimitta se pariNamana huA karatA hai| yoga aura lezyA kA itanA gahana sambandha hone para bhI donoM bhinna-bhinna haiN| yoga sthUla hai aura lezyA sUkSma hai| lezyA AtmA kA viziSTa pariNAma hai aura yoga vIryAntarAya ke kSaya-kSayopazamajanita hai| kaSAya kA kSaya 12 ve guNasthAna meM hotA hai aura 13 ve guNasthAna meM manoyoga aura vacanayoga kA sampUrNa nirodha ho jAtA hai| 14 ve guNasthAna meM zeSa kAyayoga samApta ho jAne para sAdhaka ayogI ho jAtA hai| isakA tAtparya yaha hai ki lezyA kI prazastatA aura aprazastatA mana ke pariNAmoM para nirbhara karatI hai| mana aura citta ko sAdhAraNataH samAnArthaka mAnA jAtA hai para vastutaH donoM pRthak pRthak haiN| mana tattva kA mamana karatA hai aura citta yA buddhi use grahaNa karatI hai / citta se pare cetana yA AtmA kA astitva hai| zarIra aura mana paudgalika haiM aura citta apaudgalika hai| tattva kA jJAna mana se nahIM balki karma se hotA hai taijasa aura kArmANa sUkSma zarIra haiN| isake bAda sthUla zarIra AtmA hai aura phira citta kA nirmANa hotA hai| jJAna karma se calatA huA citta meM pahu~catA hai aura phira vaha sthUla zarIra aura indriyoM se hotA huA abhivyakta hotA hai| ataH citta ko AtmA kI vyApakatA dI jA sakatI hai| svapnAvasthA meM bhI mana apanA kArya rahatA hai isalie saMsArI jIva sadaiva karma kA bandha karatA rahatA hai| manovijJAna meM bhI svapnavijJAna para acchA kArya huA hai| mUlapravRttiyA~ aura saMjJAe~ - jainadharma meM mohanIyakarma ko prabalatama zatru mAnA gayA hai| samasta duHkhoM kA kAraNa vahI hai| manovijJAna meM jise mUlapravRtti aura saMvega kahA jAtA hai usI ko jainadarzana 'saMjJA' nAma se abhihita karatA hai| sthAnAMga kI TIkA meM abhayadevasUri ne saMjJA kA artha manovijJAna bhI kiyA hai - saMjJAnaM saMjJA Abhoga ityartha: manovijJAnamityanye - patra 478 | saMjJA kA artha sarvArthasiddhi meM (2.24) tRSNA diyA huA hai jo eka prakAra se mUlapravRtti hI hai| dhavalA (2.1.1) meM isake cAra bheda ginAye gaye haiM- AhAra, bhaya, maithuna aura parigraha / sthAnAMga (10.105) meM dasa aura AcArAMga niyukti (gAthA 39 ) meM usake caudaha prakAroM kA ullekha milatA hai| mUlapravRttiyoM (Instints) ke sAtha manovijJAna ke kSetra meM saMvegoM (Emotion) kA bhI ullekha AtA hai jinakI utpatti bAhya yA Antarika uttejanA se hotI hai| jainadarzana meM inake kAraNoM para bhI vicAra kiyA gayA hai jo Adhunika manovijJAna meM nahIM miltaa| tulanAtmaka dRSTi se inheM hama yoM dekha sakate haiM - mebaDUgala ne jina caudaha mUlapravRttiyoM aura unake saMvegoM kA ullekha kiyA hai unheM hama mohanIya karma ke vipAka aura saMvegoM ke sAtha isa prakAra vicAra kara sakate haiM. - mohanIyakarma ke vipAka mUlasaMbega saMvega 1. bhaya 2. krodha 3. jugupsA 4. strIveda bhaya mUlapravRttiyA~ palAyanavRti krodha jugupsA bhaya saMgharSavRti krodha vikarSaNavRtti, jugupsAbhAva " Page #190 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ 11134/sasvArthassA-nimaya 5, puruSaveda kAmukatA kAmavRtti, kAmukatA 6. napuMsakaveda 1.mAna utkarSabhAvanA svAgrahavRtti utkarSabhAvanA hai. lobha adhikArabhAvanA upArjanavRtti svamitvabhAvanA 9. rati ullasitabhAva hAsyavRtti ullasitabhAva 10.arati duHkhabhAva yAcanAvRtti duHkhabhAva AhAraanveSaNavRtti bhUkha pitrIyavRtti vAtsalya yUthavRtti sAmUhikatA AtmahInatA vRtti hInatAbhAva racanAvRtti (lobha) sRjanabhAvanA dhavalA me AhAra, bhaya, maithuna aura parigraha ina cAra majJAo kA ullekha milatA hai| sthAnAga me inakI sakhyA dasa ho gaI hai - AhAra, bhaya, maithuna, parigraha, krodha, mAna, mAyA, lobha, ogha (sAmudAyikatA) aura loka (vaiyktik)| AcAroganiyukti meM sukha-duHkha, moha, vicikitsA aura zoka sajJAye aura jar3a gii| AhAra, bhaya, maithana aura parigraha ke kAraNa krodha, mAna, mAyA, lobha paidA hote haiN| ogha aura loka sAmadAyikatA para AdhArita hai| prathama cAra mala sajJAo kI utpatti meM nimna kAraNoM kA ullekha milatA hai (sthAnAMga, 4:579-82) - kAraNatA 1. AhAra bhUkha, AhAradarzana, AhAracintana tiryaJca 2. bhaya hInatA, bhayAnakadRzya, bhayacintana naraka 3. maithuna mAMsa-rakta kA upacaya, maithunacarcA, maithunacintana manuSya 4. parigraha Asakti, parigrahacarcA, parigraha cintana yahA~ 'maithuna' saMjJA phrAiDa kI 'kAma' sajJA hai| usane isake lie 'libiDo' zabda kA prayoga kiyA hai| jisakA vAstavika artha hai sukha kI cAha / sabhoga to usakA eka bhAga hai| kAma sajJA pratyeka prANI me hotI hai| ise hama veda nokaSAya mohanIya karma ke antargata rakha sakate haiM / ina sabhI saMjJAoM ke uddIpaka aura anupreraNAtmaka kAraNa huA karate haiM jo autika aura sAmAjika donoM prakAra ke hote haiN| inheM hama savega athavA manodazA kaha sakate hai jinakI utpatti cetanA ke vibhinna staroM para hotI hai| kAmavRtti ko jagAne maiM bhUlakAraNa to vedamohanIya karma hai jo Antarika hai, upAdAnakAraNa hai, parantu bAhya kAraNa sInimitakAraNa hai-kucha zArIrika kAraNa aura katipaya naimittika vAtAvaraNa | azabha saskAra bhI usameM kAraNa hote haiM, 4NT Page #191 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ jo nimitta milate ho pracala ho uThate haiN| saMbhUti muni, rayanemi Adi ke paurANika udAharaNa hamAre sAmane hai ho|' manovijJAna ke kSetra meM jise kAma kahA gayA hai, dharmazAstra ke kSetra meM vahI kAmanA ke nAma se jAnA jAtA hai| donoM ho mUla pravRtti haiN| donoM ke mUla meM atIta ke saMskAra haiM, icchAyeM haiM / icchAoM ko hI pariSkRta karane ke lie dharma kA upayoga kiyA jAtA hai tabhI yaha vItarAga aura sarvajJa bana pAtA hai| kAma aura icchA kA pariSkAra karane vAlA pArivAmika bhAva hai caitanya kA anubhava hai| ___AcArya kundakunda ne celana ke tIna pakSa mAne haiM - jJAnacetanA, karmaphalacetanA aura karmacetanA / manovijJAna kI dRSTi se inheM hama kramaza: jJAnAtmaka, bhAvAtmaka aura sakalpAtmaka kaha sakate haiN| prathama do cetanAyeM karmabandhana meM kAraNabhUta nahIM hotI para tIsarI cetanA bandhana kA kAraNa banatI hai| rAga-dveSa bhAvoM kA janma isI karmacetanA se hI hotA hai| AcArAMga kA banegacita balu ayaM purise' (3.1.42) yaha kathana citta kI yathArthatA ko abhivyakta karatA hai jo manovijJAna kA prasthApaka bindu hai / yahI citta karmacetanA ko utpanna karatA hai| usameM kucha prazasta hote hai aura kucha aprazasta / ve saba saskAra ke padaciha bhI chor3a jAte haiM, jinheM acetana kahA jAtA hai| phrAiDa ne mana ke tIna staroM kI kalpanA kI hai - cetana, avacetana aura acetana / acetana mana damita icchAo kA saMgrahAlaya hai jo svapna aura manovikRtiyoM ko janma detA hai| rAga-dveSa rUpa kaSAya kI pRSThabhUmi meM ve manovikRtiyoM panapatI rahatI haiN| phrAyaDa ne jise libiDo nAma diyA thA, jainadarzana use hI kAmanA zabda kA prayoga kara use sasAra kA mUla kAraNa mAnatA hai| yaha kaSAya mohanIya kA bIjatantra hai| isa dRSTi se donoM meM samAnatA dikhAI detI hai| acetana mana ke mAtha hI sUkSma zarIra rUpa karma aura saskAra jur3e hue haiN| yahI saMskAra AnuvazikatA aura jInsa ke siddhAntoM ko samajhane meM sahayogI banate haiN| kaSAya se grasta vyakti kA vyaktitva mUrkhatA aura mUDhatA se bharA rahatA hai / mUrkhatA kA artha hai, ajJAnatA aura mUDhatA kA artha hai muuchaagrsttaa| ye donoM kArya kramazaH jJAnAvaraNa aura darzanAvaraNa ke haiN| eka jJAna prApti meM avarodhaka banatA hai to dUsarA AcaraNa kA pAlana nahIM karane detA / vyaktitva ke vikAsa ke lie donoM tattva avarodhaka bana jAte hai| jJAna kA vikAsa prajJA se, darzana se hotA hai aura vividha prakAra kI labdhiyA~ prApta hotI haiN| kaSAya eka bhAvadazA hai jisase vyaktitva kI pahacAna hotI hai| usameM jJAna, anubhUti aura prayatna kA saMyoga hotA hai| rAga-dveSa usake mUla bhAva haiM / umAsvAmI ne icchA, mUrchA, kAma, sneha, mRddhatA, mamatA Adi ko rAga kahA aura citta meM rahane vAlI ghRNA kI vAsanA ko dveSa kahA hai| ye dono kaSAya ke kAraNa haiM, karmo ke zleSaka bandhaka haiN| krodhAdi rUpa kaluSatA hI kaSAya hai jo AtmA ke svAbhAvika rUpa ko naSTa-bhraSTa kara detI hai| kaSAya kI saghanatA Adi kI dRSTi se 16 bheda haiM - 1. anantAnubandhI krodha, mAna, mAyA, lobha / 2. apratyAkhyAnAvaraNa krodha, mAna, mAyA, lobha / 3. pratyAkhyAnAvaraNa krodha, mAna, mAyA, lobha / Page #192 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ 136/ svArthasUtra- nikala 4. sajvalana krodha, mAna, mAyA, lobha / isameM 9 mokaSAya ko milAkara usake kula 25 bheda ho jAte haiM - hAsya, rati, arati, zoka, bhaya, jugupsA, strIveda, puMveda aura napuMsakaveda / manovijJAna kI dRSTi se inheM kramazaH Avega tathA upAvega kaha sakate haiN| krodha aura mAna dveSAtmaka haiM tathA mAyA aura lobha rAgAtmaka haiN| 1. samavAyAMga meM mAyA ke 17 nAma diye gaye haiM jinase usakI prakRti kA patA calatA hai- mAyA (kapaTAcAra), upadhi, nikRti, valaya (vakratApUrNa vacana), gahana, nUma ( nikRSTakArya karanA), kalka (hiMsA karanA), dambha, kuruka, ( niMdita vyavahAra), jaihna (kapaTa), kilviSika (bhATo ke samAna ceSTAye), anAcaraNa, gUhana, vacana, pratikuMcanatA aura sAciyoga ( milAvaTa ) / 2. lobha kA artha hai saMgraha karane kI vRtti| samavAyAga meM usake 14 paryAyArthaka zabda diye hue hai - lobha, icchA, mUrcchA, kAkSA, gRddhi, tRSNA, bhidhvA (viSayoM kA dhyAna ), abhidhvA ( caJcalatA), kAmAzA (kAmecchA), bhogAzA, jIvitAzA, maraNAzA, nadi aura rAga / 3. krodha aura mAna dveSAtmaka haiN| dveSa moha kA hI bheda hai| isameM pariNAma vairamUlaka rahate haiN| IrSyA, dveSa, roSa, doSa, parivAda, matsara, asUyA, vaira, pracaNDana usake paryAyavAcI hai| samavAyAga me krodha ke 10 paryAyavAcI diye gaye hai- krodha, kopa, roSa, akSamA, doSa, sajvalana, kalaha, cANDikya, bhaNDana aura vivAda / 4. isI taraha mAna ke 11 paryAyavAcI zabda dekara usakI vyAkhyA kI gaI hai- mAna, mada, darpa, stambha (avinamratA ), AtmotkarSa, garva, para-parivAda, utkarSa, apakarSa, unnAma (guNI ke sAmane na jhukanA) aura purnAma (yathocita rUpa se na jhuknaa)| isa mAna ke ATha bheda mAne gaye haiM jAti, kula, bala, aizvarya, buddhi, saundarya aura adhikAra / ye krodhAdi kaSAya rUpa Avega bar3e zaktizAlI haiN| unakI zakti ko pratIkAtmaka DhaMga se vyakta kiyA gayA hai aura unakA phala bhI batAyA gayA kaSAya krodha 1. anantAnubandhI zilArekhA 2. apratyAkhyAna pRthivIrekhA dhUlirekhA jalarekhA zaktiyoM ke dRSTAnta mAyA veNumUla 3. pratyAkhyAna 4. saMjvalana mAna zaila asthi dArU-kASTha vetra naya kI dRSTi se bhI kaSAyoM para vivecana huA hai| naigama aura sagraha kI dRSTi se rAga-dveSAtmaka anubhUtiyA~ hotI haiN| kyoMki vaha anarthI ke kAraNa haiM aura mAyA, lobha, hAsya, rati, strI-pu-napusakaveda rAgAtmaka haiM kyoMki ve prasannatA ke lobha kiramajI kA raMga yA dAga meSaga gomUtra khurapA phala naraka cakramala kIcaDa haldI tiryaJca manuSya deva Page #193 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ kA kAraNa haiN| vyavahAranaya kI dRSTi se krodha, mAna, mAyA, hAsya, rati, arati, zoka, maya, jugupsA aura napuMsako deSAtmaka haiM para lobha, strI-pu-veda rAgAtmaka haiN| isI taraha jusatra naya kI apekSA krodha dveSa hai, mAna aura mAyA goSa hai aura na pejja tathA lobha pejja hai| zabdanaya kI apekSA krodha, mAna, mAyA aura lobha dveSAtmaka hai aura lobha ko chor3akara krodha, mAna, mAyA pejja nahIM haiM kintu lobha kathaMcit pejja haiN| isa taraha kaSAya AtmA kI AvegAtmaka anubhUtiyA hai| loyA aura AbhAmaNDala ina kaSAyoM ko adhyavasAya athavA lezyA kahA jA sakatA hai| samayasAra meM buddhi, adhyavasAya, vyavasAya, mati, vijJAna, citta, bhAva aura pariNAma ko ekArthaka mAnA gayA hai| (gAthA 271) yaha Asrava hai, karmabandha kA mUla kAraNa hai| hamAre caitanya ke cAroM ora kaSAya ke balaya ke rUpa meM kArmANa zarIra hai| karmayukta Atmatattva isI valaya se gujaratA hai| adhyavasAya kI zuddhatA azuddhatA kaSAya kI mandatA aura tIvratA para nirbhara rahatI hai| acetana mana saMskAroM se saMvardhita hotA hai aura ve adhyavasAya ko prabhAvita karate haiN| adhyavasAya se mana bhI prabhAvita hue binA nahIM rhtaa| adhyavasAya kI zuddhatA jIvana kI yathArtha zuddhatA hai| guNasthAna kA siddhAnta isI siddhAnta para AdhArita hai| sAtaveM naraka meM bhI jIva ko zubha pariNAmoM ke bala para samyaktva prApta ho sakatA hai| jAtismaraNa jJAna me bhI uttarottara zubha pariNAmoM kI anivAryatA mAnI gaI hai| avadhijJAna, mana:paryayajJAna aura kevalajJAna kI upalabdhi bhI isI vizuddhatA para AdhArita hai| kaSAya aura yoga se vyakti kA AbhAmaNDala banatA hai jo usake vicAra aura caritra kA digdarzaka mAnA jAtA hai| bhAvoM ke anusAra usakA raMga badalatA rahatA hai / kRSNa, nIla, kApota raga vyakti kI garhita pravRtti ke sUcaka hai aura teja (pIta), padma, aura zukla lezyAye sadpravRtti ko batAtI hai / ye raga sUkSma zarIra se nikalane vAlI bhAvAtmaka kiraNeM haiM jo sUkSma zarIra ke cAroM ora aNDAkRti meM ubhara jAtI haiN| jainadarzana meM ise lezyA kahA jAtA hai| sAdhAraNa taura para yaha AbhAmaNDala dikhAI nahIM detA para Adhunika vijJAna kI madada se vaha dekhA jAne lagA hai| isa AbhAmaNDala se vyaktitva kI pahacAna hotI hai| kAlA raMga pramAda, kaSAya. karatA kA paricAyaka hai| nIle varNa meM usakI ISyA, mAyA, Asakti, hisaka pravRtti dekhI jA sakatI hai| kApota raga meM vakratA, mAtsarya aura mithyAdRSTi pratibimbita hotI hai| raktavarNa kI pradhAnatA meM dhArmikatA, RjutA, pItavarNa meM alpakrodha, Atmasayama, prazAntacitta aura zvetavarNa meM jitendriyatA, zuddhAcaraNa aura saMyama parAkASThA jhAMkatI hai| ina ragoM ke aneka bheda-prabheda hote hai aura tadanusAra vyaktitva ko parakhA jA sakatA hai| Adhunika manovijJAna meM isa kSetra meM acchA kAma huA hai| vyaktitva nirmANa aura karmasidAnta jainadarzana ke anusAra kArmANazarIra ko vyaktitva nirmANa kA mUla ghaTaka mAnA jAtA hai / manovijJAna meM jisa vaMzAnukrama aura vAtAvaraNa kA ullekha AtA hai use jainadarzana meM hama nimitta-upAdAna ke rUpa meM dekha sakate haiN| mAtA-pitA kI anuvaMzikatA to rahatI hI hai para vAtAvaraNa aura pariveza ko dravya, kSetra, kAla aura bhAva ke anusAra phaladAyI banAyA jA sakatA hai| vAtAvaraNa aura pariveza nizcita hI vyaktitva ke nirmANa meM sahayogI hote haiN| jIva meM aneka janmoM ke saMskAra ekatrita hote haiM jo usakI vilakSaNatA ke mUlakAraNa haiN| jaina sAhitya meM saMsthAna aura saMhanana kA varNana AtA hai nAmakarma ke sandarbha meM | nAmakarma ke anusAra zarIra kI saMracanA hotI hai| saMsthAna kA tAtparya zarIra ke AkAra-prakAra se hai aura saMhanana usakI asthimayI DhAMcA Page #194 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ se| mokSaprApti meM saMsthAna bAdhaka nahIM hai para saMhanana bAdhaka avazya hai / vaha AdhyAtmika vikAsa kA paricAyaka hai| prathama guNasthAna se sAtaveM guNasthAna taka sabhI saMhanana vAle manuSya vikAsa kara sakate haiM para usake Age kSapaka zreNI meM vajavRSabhanArAca saMhanana kA honA Avazyaka hai| saMsthAna bhI nAmakarma kA phala hai| vaha bhI zubha-azubha karmoM ke anusAra banatA hai| manovijJAna ke kSetra meM nADItantra aura granthitantra para acchA kAma huA hai| mohakarma kI prakRtiyoM ke sandarbha meM. unakA vizleSaNa kiyA jA sakatA hai| jemsa, lAMge tathA mekDUnala ne saMvega sambandhI jo siddhAnta prastuta kiye haiM ve ina prakRtiyoM se kAphI milate-julate haiN| phrAyaDa kI idama aura libiDo tathA mRtyuvRtti kI tulanA bhI inase kI jA sakatI manovijJAna ke kSetra meM saMskAroM kI pratiSThA sarvavidita hai| punarjanma ke kAraNoM meM saMskAroM kA vizeSa sthAna hai| yaha bhI manovaijJAnika tathya hai ki sattvoM ke svabhAva, zakti, vyaktitva evaM vicAra mAtA-pitA ke samAna hote haiN| isI prakAra usake AhAra-prakAra kA bhI prabhAva usake svabhAva para par3atA hai| vAta-pitta-kapha yA sat-raja-tama kA vizleSaNa bhI isI sandarbha meM kiyA jA sakatA hai| jainadarzana meM audayika avasthA meM azubha lezyA hotI hai, mithyAtva prabala hotA hai| isaliye use chadmastha kahA jAtA hai / adhyavasAyoM kI prazastatA aura zubha lezyAoM kI prakarSatA se kSAyopazamika aura kSAyika vyaktitva kA vikAsa hotA hai| manovijJAna meM ise Avega niyantraNa kI paddhatiyoM kahA jAtA hai| jainadharma meM use mArgAntarIkaraNa kI saMjJA dI gaI hai| upazama, kSaya aura kSayopazama isI ke antargata Ate haiN| ise hama AdhyAtmika vyaktitva nirmANa kI sIDhiyA~ kaha sakate haiN| usakI sArI vikAsa yAtrA jaina manovijJAna meM atyanta spaSTa rUpa se citrita kI isa prakAra tattvArthasUtra kA chaThA adhyAya vastuta: jaina manovijJAna hai jo mana kI sArI paratoM ko ughADate hae Adhunika pAzcAtya manovijJAna kI vicAradhArAoM ke samIpa taka aura kisI kSetra meM kaI kadama Age bhI pahuMca jAtA hai| prArambha se hI jainadharma ne siddhAnta kI apekSA svAnubhUti para adhika bala diyA hai| kalpanA loka me vicaraNa karane kA usakA svabhAva nahIM rhaa| vyakti ke guNoM ko vikasita karane aura usakI zakti ko zAzvata zAnti pAne kI ora khIMcane kA eka viziSTa guNa jainAcAryoM meM rahA hai| unhoMne mana ko vizuddha karane ke upAya isa dizA meM nirdiSTa kiye haiN| dhyAna isakA sarvottama sAdhana hai| tasva kA antarnirIkSaNa, usakI prakriyA, rUpa, artha aura AvazyakatA se sambaddha hai| mana aura zarIra tathA vastutatva kI prakRti para vyakti jitanA gaharA cintana karegA vaha adhyAtma kI utanI hI gaharAI taka pahaMcatA jaayegaa| saMsAra se mokSa taka kI yAtrA mana ke vibhinna AyAmoM para hI AdhArita hai jise hama jaina manovijJAna kI saMjJA de Page #195 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ karmAnava ke kAraNa:eka UhApoha * DaoN. ratanacandra jaina tattvArthasUtrakAra gRDhapicchAcArya ne 'kAyavAGmanaH karma yoga:'(6/1) isa sUtra meM kAya, vacana aura mana kI kriyA ke nimitta se hone vAle AtmapradezoM ke parispanda saMkoca-vikoca ko yoga kahA hai| usase bhAtmA jJAnAbaraNAdi karma banane yogya pudgala skandhoM ko grahaNa karatA hai| isalie karmoM ke Asava (Ane) kA kAraNa hone se yoga ko upacAra se mAnava kahA gayA hai| arthAt yoga yathArthata: Amrava (karmaskandhoM ke AtmA meM praveza) kA hetu hai| kintu tattvArthasUtrakAra ne 'mithyAdarzanAviratipramAdakaSAyayogA bandhahetavaH' (8/1) sUtra meM mithyAdarzana, avirati, pramAda, kaSAya aura yoga ina pA~ca pratyayoM ko bhI Asava kA hetu batalAyA hai| Asrava ke binA bandha nahIM hotA, isalie Amrava ke hetuoM ko bhI bandhahetu kahA gayA hai| mithyAtvAdi Amrava ke hetu haiM, yaha pUjyapAda svAmI ke nimnalikhita vacana se spaSTa hotA hai - 'tatra mithyAdarzanaprAdhAnyena yatkarma Asravati tanirodhAccheSe sAsAdanasamyagdRSTayAdau tatsaMvaro bhavati' (sa. si. 9/1) / __ aba prazna uThatA hai ki 'yoga' Asrava kA hetu hai yA mithyAdarzanAdi ? isakA samAdhAna tattvArthavRttikAra zrutasAgarasUri ne ina zabdoM meM kiyA hai - 'mithyAdarzanAviratipramAdakavAyayogA bandhahetavaH iti ya ukta AmravaH sa sarvo'pi trividhayoge'ntarbhavatIti veditavyam' (tattvArthavRtti, 6/2) / artha : 'mithyAdarzanAdi' sUtra meM jina mithyAdarzana Adi ko Asava kA hetu kahA gayA hai, ve sabhI kAyayoga, vacanayoga aura manoyoga, ina tIna yogoM meM samAviSTa ho jAte haiN| arthAt mohodayayukta jIvoM meM mithyAdarzanAdi se sampRkta yoga Asrava kA hetu hai aura upazAntamoha evaM kSINamoha jIvoM meM mithyAdarzanAdi se rahita yoga Amrava kA kAraNa hai| AcArya jayasena ne mithyAdarzanAdi pariNAmoM ko azubhopayoga kahA hai : 'mithyAtvAviratipramAdakaSAyayogapaJcapratyayarUpAzubhopayogelAzubho vijJeyaH' (tAtparyavRtti, pravacanasAra, gAthA 1/9) / isa azubhopayoga se yukta yoga bhI azubhopayoga ho jAtA hai| 1. sarvArthasiddhi, 6/1 2. yathA sarassalilAbAhidvAra tadAsabakAraNatvAd Asava ityAkhyAyate tathA yogapraNAlikayA AtmanaH karma AmavatIti yoga Asava iti vypdeshmrhti| sa.si.6/2 * e/2. mAnasarovara zAhapurA, bhopAla, (0755) 2424666 Page #196 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ 140/ tasvArthasUtra- nikAya dvivima upayoga : jJAnAtmaka, AcaraNAtmaka upayoga do prakAra kA hai jJAnAtmaka evaM AcaraNAtmaka athavA arthagrahaNavyApArAtmaka evaM zubhAzubhazuddhapariNAmAtmaka / brahmadevasUri ne inakA prarUpaNa nimnalikhita vAkyoM meM kiyA hai. 'kiJca jJAnadarzanopayogavivakSAyAmupayogazabdena vivakSitArtha paricchittilakSaNo'rthagrahaNavyApArI gRhyate / zubhAzubhazuddhopayogatrayavivakSAyAM punarupayogazabdena zubhAzubhazuddhabhAvanaikarUpamanuSThAnaM jJAtavyamiti' (bRhaddravyasaMgraha, TIkA gAthA 6 ) / artha: jaba 'upayoga' zabda se jJAnopayoga aura darzanopayoga artha liyA jAya, taba usakA artha hotA hai arthagrahaNavyApAra arthAt vastuvizeSa ko jAnane kI kriyA / tathA jaba vaha zubha, azubha aura zuddha upayoga ke artha meM prayukta ho, taba usase zubhabhAva rUpa pariNamana, azubhabhAvarUpa pariNamana aura zuddhabhAva rUpa pariNamana artha grahaNa kiyA jAnA cAhie / - arthagrahaNa vyApAra rUpa upayoga kevalI bhagavAn meM bhI hotA hai, kintu zubhAzubhazuddhapariNAmAtmaka upayoga chadmasthoM meM hI pAyA jAtA hai| AcArya jayasena ne kahA hai ki pahale se tIsare guNasthAna taka kramazaH ghaTatA huA azubhopayoga hotA hai, cauthe se chaThe taka kramazaH bar3hatA huA zubhopayoga hotA hai, sAtaveM se bArahaveM guNasthAna taka kramazaH bar3hatA huA zuddhopayoga hotA hai tathA terahaveM aura caudahaveM guNasthAnoM meM zuddhopayoga ke ghAtikarma catuSTaya kSayarUpa phala kI upalabdhi hotI hai| zubha, azubha aura zuddha pariNAma tathA zubha, azubha aura zuddha upayoga samAnArthI haiN| yaha AcArya jayasena ke nimnalikhita vacanoM se jJAta hotA hai / - 'kiM ca jIvasyAsaMkhyeyalokamAtrapariNAmAH siddhAnte madhyamapratipattyA mithyAdRSTyAdicaturdazaguNasthAnarUpeNa kathitAH / atra prAbhRtazAstre tAnyeva guNasthAnAni saMkSepeNa zubhAzubhazuddhopayogarUpeNa kathitAni' (tAtparyavRtti, pravacanasAra, gAthA 1 / 9 ) / artha : jIva ke asaMkhyAta lokamAtra pariNAma hote haiN| siddhAntagranthoM meM madhyamadRSTi (sthUladRSTi) se unheM mithyAdRSTi Adi caudaha guNasthAnoM ke rUpa meM varNita kiyA gayA hai| isa prAbhRtazAstra meM ve hI guNasthAna saMkSepa meM zubha, azubha aura zuddha upayoga ke rUpa meM prarUpita kiye gaye haiN| zubhAzubhopayoga se yoga kA zubhAzubhatva zubha aura azubha upayoga ke nimitta se yoga zubha aura azubha hotA hai, jaisA ki pUjyapAdasvAmI ne kahA hai| 'kathaM yogasya zubhAzubhatvam ? zubhapariNAmanirvRtto yogaH zubhaH / azubhapariNAmanirvRttazcAzubhaH / na punaH zubhAzubhakarmakAraNatvena / yadyevamucyate zubhayoga eva na syAt, zubhayogasyApi jJAnAvaraNAdibandhahetutvAbhyupagamAt / ' ( sa. fer, 6/3) 1. midhyAtva - sAsAdana mizraguNasthAnatraye tAramyenAzubhopayogaH / tadanantaramasaMyatasamyagdRSTi- dezavirata pramattasaMyataguNasthAnatraye tAratamyena zubhopayogaH / tadanantaramapramattAdikSINakaSAyAnta-guNasthAnaSaT ke tAratamyena zuddhopayogaH / tadanantaraM sayogyayogijinaguNasthAnadvaye zupayogaphalamiti bhAvArtha: / tAtparyavRtti, pra. sA. gAthA 1 / 9 Page #197 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ - - arSa : yoga zubha aura azubha kaise hotA hai ? zubha pariNAma ke utpanA moma zuma kahalAtA hai aura azubha pariNAma se utpanna yoga anuca / zubha-azubha karmoM ke banA hetu hone se zubha-azubha nahIM khlaate| aisA kahane para zubhayoga ko astitva hI nahIM hogA, kyoMki zubhayoga bhI jJAnAvaraNAdi azubha karmoM ke bandha kA kAraNa hotA hai| / .. . yahA~ zubhAzubha pariNAma kA artha zubhAzubha upayoga hai| yaha bhAcArya amitagati ke nimnalikhita vacana se spaSTa hai zubhAzubhokponena vAsitA yogavRttayaH / / sAmAnyena prajAyante duritAsavahetavaH / / - yogasAraprAbhRta 3/1 ___ artha : zubha aura azubha upayoga se sampRkta yogavRttiyA~ sAmAnyarUpa se duritoM (zubhAzubhakarmoM) ke Azaya kA hetu hotI hai| bhAnAvaraNAdi AThoM karmA kA zAbara zubhAzubha yoga me tattvArthasUtrakAra ne kevala arthagrahaNavyApArAtmaka upayoga kA ullekha kiyA hai, zubhAzubhazuddhapariNAmAtmaka upayoga kA nAma bhI nahI liyaa| unhoMne zubha aura azubha yoga ko hI jJAnAvaraNAdi samasta karmoM ke Asava kA hetu batalAyA hai| yaha unakI pAtanikA TippaNiyo se spaSTa ho jAtA hai / yathA - 'ukta: sAmAnyena karmAsavabhedaH / idAnIM karmavizeSAsavabhedo vaktavyaH / tasmin vaktavye AdhayonidarzanAvaraNayorAmravabhedapratipattyarthamAha - tatpradozaniva-mAtsaryAntarAyAsAdanopaghAtA jnyaandrshnvrnnyoH|' (sa. si. 6/10) isa satra me satrakAra ne jJAna ke viSaya meM pradoSa, niva, mAtsarya, antarAya, AsAdana aura upaghAta karane ko jJAnAvaraNa aura darzanAvaraNa karmoM ke Asava kA hetu kahA hai| svaya me aura dUsaro meM utpanna kiye gaye duHkha, zoka, tApa, Akrandana, vadha aura paridevana asAtAvedanIya ke Asrava hetu tathA prANiyoM para anukampA, vratiyoM para anukampA, dAna, sarAgasayama, kSAnti (kSamA) aura zauca (nirlobha) ke bhAva sAtAvedanIya ke Asrava hetu batalAye gaye haiN| (ta.sU., 6/11-12) kevalI, zruta, sagha, dharma aura devoM kA avarNavAda (mithyAdoSAropaNa) darzanamohanIya ke Asrava ke kAraNa haiM (ta. sU., 6/13) / kaSAyodayajanya tIvra AtmapariNAma se cAritramohanIya karma Amravita hotA hai| bahu Arambha aura bahuparigraha narakAyu kA, mAyA tiryaMcAyu kA, alpa Arambha aura alpaparigraha manuSyAyu kA, svAbhAvika mRdutA manuSyAyu aura devAyu kA tathA zIlavratarahitatA cAroM Ayuo kA Asava karAtI hai / (ta.sU., 6/14-19) sarAgasayama, saMyamAsaMyama, akAmanirjarA aura bAlatapa devAyu ke Asabahetu haiM / samyaktva bhI devAyu ke Asava kA kAraNa hai / (ta. sU. 6/20-21) manoyoga, vacanayoga aura kAyayoga kI kuTilatA se azubhanAmakarma kA tathA unakI saralatA se zubhanAmakarma kA Asava hotA hai| (ta.sU. 6/22-23) darzanavizuddhi, binayasampannatA, zIla aura vratoM kA aticAra rahila pAlana, satat jJAnopayoga, satatasavega, yathAzaktitvAna aura tapa karanA, sAdhusamAdhi, vaiyAvRtya karanA, arhadbhakti, AcAryabhakti, bahuzrutabhakti, pravacanabhakti, AvazyakoM kA niyama se pAlana, mokSamArga kI prabhAvanA aura pravacanavAtsalya, ye solaha tIrthaMkara prakRti ke Amrava ke hetu haiN| (ta.sU., 6/24) Page #198 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ 142 / tatsUtra-nika paranindA aura AtmaprazaMsA tathA dUsaroM ke vidyamAna guNoM kA AcchAdana aura avidyamAna guNoM kA udbhAvana arents ke aus haiM tathA aisA na karanA evaM namravRtti aura anutsekabhAva (abhimAnahInatA) uccagotra kA AsravaH karAte haiN| dUsaroM ke dAna, lAbha, bhoga, upabhoga aura vIrya meM vighna DAlane se antarAyakarma kA Asrava hotA hai| (ta. sU., 6/25-27) isa prakAra tattvArthasUtra meM ina zubhAzubha yogapravRttiyoM ko jJAnAvaraNAdi ATha karmoM ora aghAtikarmoM kI zubhAzubha prakRtiyoM ke Asava kA hetu prarUpita kiyA gayA hai| AThoM kamoM kA Asava zubhAzubha upayoga se pravacanasAra Adi granthoM meM zubhAzubha upayogoM ko ina ATha karmoM ke Asrava kA kAraNa batalAyA gayA hai| yathApariNamadi javA appA suhamhi asuhamhi rAgadosajudo / taM pavisadi kammarayaM NANAvaraNAdibhAvehiM // pra. sA. 2 / 95 artha : jaba AtmA rAgadveSa yukta hokara zubha (zubhopayoga) yA azubha ( azubhopayoga) meM pariNata hotA hai, taba usameM jJAnAvaraNAdi ke rUpa meM karmaraja praviSTa hotI hai| uvabhogo jadi hi suho puNNaM jIvassa saMcarya jAdi / asuho vA taca pAvaM tesimabhAve Na cayamatthi / / pra. sA. 2/64 artha : yadi upayoga zubha hai, to jIva ke puNya kA saMcaya hotA hai, yadi azubha hai, to pApa kA sacaya hotA hai| ina donoM prakAra ke upayogoM ke abhAva meM arthAt zuddhopayoga ke sadbhAva meM pApa aura puNya donoM kA saMcaya nahIM hotA / jJAnAvaraNAdi karma pApakarma haiM aura sAtAvedanIya, zubhAyu, zubhanAma eva zubhagotra puNyakarma / (ta. sU. 8 / 2527 ) ata: ukta gAthA meM zubha aura azubha upayogoM se AThoM karmoM kA Asrava batalAyA gayA hai| zubhAzubha yoga aura upayoga meM kathaMcit abheda yataH AtmA kI zubhAzubha upayogarUpa pariNati mana, vacana, kAya ke mAdhyama se hI hotI hai tathA mana, vacana, kAya kI pravRtti zubhAzubha upayoga ke prabhAva se hI zubhAzubha banatI hai, ata: yoga meM zubhAzubha upyog| isalie zubhAzubha upayogoM se karmoM kA Asrava hotA hai athavA zubhAzubha yoga karmAsrava ke hetu haiM, ina donoM kathanoM meM koI antara nahIM hai| AcArya kundakunda ne kahA hai - sujogassa pavitI saMvaraNaM kuNadi asuhajogassa / suhajogassa giroho sunuvajogeNa saMbhavadi || bArasANuvekkhA 13 artha : zubhayoga kI pravRtti azubhayoga kA nirodha karatI hai aura zubhayoga kA nirodha zuddhopayoga se hotA hai| * isa gAthA meM kundakunda ne zubhAzubhayoga aura zubhAzubha upayoga ko samAnArthI ke rUpa meM prayukta kiyA hai, kyoMki zuddhopayoga se zubhopayoga kA nirodha hone para hI zubhayoga kA nirodha saMbhava hai| Page #199 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ -brahmadevasUri ne bhI donoM kA abhedarUpa se ullekha kiyA hai| yathA -- } 'miSyAdRSTacAdirteneryaparyantamuparyupari mandatvAt tAratamyena tAvadasuddhanizcayo vartate / tasya madhye punargunasthAnabhedena zubhAzubha-zuddhAnuDAnarUpayogatraya-vyApArastiDati / taducyate niSyAdRSTisAsAvanamivaguNasthAneSUparyuparimanyatvenAzubhopayogI varttate / tato'pyasaMvatasamyagdRSTibhAvaka pramasasaMkteSu pAramparyeNa zuddhopayoga-sAdhaka uparyupari tAratamyena zubhopayogo vartate / tadanantaramapramattAvikSINakaSAyaparyantacanyamadhyamotkRSTabhedena vivakSitaikadezazujanava-rUpazuddhopayogo vartate / ' (bRhadravyasaMgraha, TIkA gAthA 34 ) yahA~ brahmadevasUri ne zubha, azubha aura zuddha yogatrayavyApAra ko hI zubha, azubha aura zuddha upayoga ke rUpa meM varNita kiyA hai| isa taraha AcAryo ne donoM meM kathaMcit abheda svIkAra kiyA hai| miyAtvAdi pA~ca pratyaya Asava ke hetu mithyAtva, avirati, pramAda aura kaSAya ina cAra pratyayoM se yoga zubha aura azubha banatA hai| ye zubhAzubha upayoga kehI vibhinna rUpa haiM / (tA. vR. pra. sA. gAthA 1 / 9 ) ataH mUlataH ye hI ATha karmoM ke Asava hetu haiM / dhabalA meM nimnalikhita gAthA uddhRta kI gayI hai| - micchattAviradI vi ya kasAyajogA ya AsavA hoti / daMsaNa- viramaNa - miggaha girohamA saMvaro hoti // dhavalA, pu. 7/9 artha : mithyAtva, avirati, kaSAya aura yoga ye karmo ke Asravahetu haiM tathA samyaktva, saMyama, akaSAya aura ayoga savara ke hetu haiM / yahA~ pramAda ko kaSAya meM antarbhUta kara liyA gayA hai|' mithyAtvAdi ke nimitta se jina-jina prakRtiyoM kA Asrava hotA hai, unakA varNana 'SaTkhaNDAgama' aura 'sarvArthasiddhi' meM kiyA gayA hai| ve isa prakAra haiM mithyAtvodaya kI vizeSatA se nimnalikhita solaha prakRtiyo kA Asrava hotA hai : mithyAtva, napusakaveda, narakAyu, narakagati, ekendriyajAti, dvIndriyajAti, trIndriyajAti, caturindriyajAti, huNDakasasthAna, asamprAptAsRpATikAsahanana, narakagatiprAyogyAnupUrvI, Atapa, sthAvara, sUkSma, aparyAptaka aura sAdhAraNazarIra / (Sa. kha. pu. 8 / 42-53, sa. si. 9/1 ) I anantAnubandha kaSAyajanita asayama kI vizeSatA se ye paccIsa prakRtiyA~ Asravita hotI haiM : nidrAnidrA, pracalApracalA, styAnagRddhi, anantAnubandhI- krodha, mAna, mAyA, lobha, strIveda, tiryacAyu, tiryacagati, madhya ke cAra saMsthAna, madhya ke cAra saMhanana, tiryaggatiprAyogyAnupUrvI, udyota, aprazastavihAyogati, durbhaga, duHsvara, anAdeya aura nIcagotra | ( Sa. khaM. pu. 8 / 300, sa. si. 9 / 1 ) apratyAkhyAnAvaraNakaSAyajanita asaMyama kI vizeSatA se Amrava ko prApta hone vAlI daza prakRtiyA~ nimnalikhita 1. ko pamAdo mAma dujalaNa-NavaNokasAyANaM tivvodao 1 - dhavalA, pu. 7/11 Page #200 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ haiM : apratyAkhyAnAvaraNa-krodha, mAna, mAyA, lobha, manuSyAyu, manuSyagati, audArikazarIra, audArikaaMgopAMga, kArSabhanArAyasahanama aura manuSyagatiprAyogyAnupUrvI / (Sa.khaM. pu. 8/29-30, sa. si. 9/1) pratyAkhyAnAvaNakaSAyodabhUta asaMyama kI vizeSatA se pratyAkhyAnAvaraNa krodha, mAna, mAyA aura lobha ina cAra prakRtiyoM kA mAsava hotA hai| (Sa.khaM. pu. 8/19-20, sa. si. 9/1) pramAda kI vizeSatA se asAtAvedanIya, arati, zoka, asthira, azubha, ayaza:kIrti ye chaha prakRtiyA~ Asavita hotI haiN| (Sa.khaM. pu. 8/13-14, sa. si. 9/1) devAyu kA Asrava pramAda tathA pramAdanikaTavartI apramAda (apramattasaMyama) se hotA hai| (Sa.khaM. pu. 8/31-32, sa. si. 9/1) pramAdAdirahita saMjvalanakaSAya tIvra, madhyama aura jaghanyarUpa hotA hai / tIvrasaMjvalana ke udaya meM nidrA, pracalA, devagati, paMcendriyajAti, vaikriyikazarIra, AhArakazarIra, taijasazarIra, kArmaNazarIra, samacaturasa saMsthAna, vaikriyikazarIrAMgopAMga, AhArakazarIrAMgopAMga, varNa, gandha, rasa, sparza, devagatiprAyogyAnupUrvI, agurulaghu, upaghAta, paraghAla, ucchavAsa, prazastavihAyogati, sa, bAdara, paryApta, pratyekazarIra, sthira, zubha, subhaga, susvara, Adeya, nirmANa, tIrthakara hAsya, rati, bhaya aura jugupsA, ye chattIsa prakRtiyA~ Amrava ko prApta hotI hai |(ss.kh. pu. 8/33-38, sa. si. 9/1) pramAdAdirahita madhyamasaMjvalanakaSAya kI vizeSatA se puruSaveda, sajvalana krodha, mAna, mAyA evaM lobha ina pA~ca prakRtiyoM kA Asava hotA hai / (Sa.khaM. pu. 8/21-26, sa. si. 9/1) jaghanya (manda) saMjvalanakaSAya kI vizeSata se pA~ca jJAnAvaraNa, cAra darzanAvaraNa, yaza:kIrti, uccagotra aura pAMca antarAya, ye solaha prakRtiyA~ Amrava ko prApta hotI haiN| (Sa.kha. pu. 8, sa. si.9/1) yoga ke nimitta se kevala sAtAvedanIya kA Asava hotA hai| (Sa.khaM. pu. 8, sa. si. 9/1) isa prakAra Agama me kahIM zubhAzubha yoga ko ina eka sau bIsa karma prakRtiyoM ke Amrava kA hetu kahA gayA hai, kahIM zubhAzabha upayoga ko aura kahIM mithyAtvAdi pA~ca pratyayoM ko| ye apekSAbheda se kiye gaye nirUpaNa haiN| inakA abhiprAya eka hI hai| Page #201 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ 1045 tattvArtha sUtra ke AdhAra para puNya pApa kI mImAMsA * paM. zivacaranalAla jaina jayatyazepatattvArtha prakAzita citatriyaH 1 mohadhvAntI pani dijJAnajyotijinezinaH // - tattvArthasAra "zrI jinendra bhagavAna kI prasiddha vaibhavayukta sapUrNa padArthoM ko prakAzita evaM mohAndhakAra ke samUha ko naSTa karanevAlI jJAnarUpI jyoti vijayI ho|" tattvArtha sUtra aparanAma mokSazAstra jaina dharma kI sabhI sapradAya mAnya sarvotkRSTa kRti hai / saMskRta bhASA evaM atyaMta sAragarbhita sUtra zailI kA yaha vartamAna meM upalabdha sarvaprathama graMtha hai| isameM jIva, ajIva, Asrava, baMdha, saMvara, nirjarA aura mokSa ina sAta tattvo kA nirUpaNa kiyA gayA hai, ataH isakA tattvArtha sUtra nAma sArthaka hai| isameM saMsArI duHkha - saMtapta prANI ke du:khanivRtti tathA vAstavika anAkulatArUpa sukha prApti arthAt mokSa evaM mokSopAya kI hI carcA hai, ata: isakI dvitIya 'mokSazAstra' anvartha sajJA hai| isake raciyatA zrI umAsvAmI (gRddhapiccha) AcArya ne, jo AcArya kuMdakuMda ke paTTaziSya the, aba se lagabhaga 2000 varSa pUrva isa bhArata bhUmi ko suzobhita kiyA thaa| unhone isa 'gAgara meM sAgara' ke samAna graMtha meM sarvArthasiddhi - mArga, mokSopAya ratnatraya (samyagdarzana, jJAna, cAritra) ko mAtra 357 sUtroM meM gumphita kara lokahita sapAdana kiyA thA / yaha tattvArtha sUtra rUpa mahAprakAza adyAvadhi bhavyajIvoM kA kaNThahAra banA huA hai| A. kuMdakuMda ne samayasAra meM sAta tattvoM meM puNya-pApa ko sammilita kara nava tattva yA nava padArtha prarUpita kiye haiN| abhedavivakSA se puNya pApa ko Amrava tattva me garbhita kara prAya: manISIjanoM ne sAta tattvoM kA pratipAdana kiyA hai| maiM isake sAtha hI vizeSa rUpa se adhyetAoM kA dhyAna AkarSita karanA cAhU~gA ki mokSa se atirikta puNya-pApa kA samAveza to chahoM tattvoM meM hI hai| chahoM do-do prakAra ke haiN| chaho tattvoM meM puNya-pApa mImAMsA nimna rUpa meM dRSTavya hai 1. jIva : puNya jIva - ratnatrayarUpa mokSamArga meM avasthita jIva yA ratnatraya ke sammukha jIva / puNya prakRtiyoM se prabhAvita tathA pApa prakRtiyoM para vijaya prApti meM salagna jIva / pApa jIva - mithyAdarzana - jJAna cAritra maM pravRtta, viSaya- kaSAya meM rata pApamagra jIva / pApaprakRtiyoM se vizeSa prabhAvita jIva / (ta.sU. /6/7, adhikaraNaM jIvAjIvAH) jinendra 2. mIna : puNya ajIva -no Agama dravya rUpa, ratnatraya se pAvana jJAyaka zarIra, pUjAdi ke maMgala dravya, * sItArAma mArkeTa, mainapurI (u.pra.) phona :- 240980 (prati.) 236952 (nivAsa) Page #202 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ . 146/- nikaya kI samavasaraNa rUpa ajIva dravya, ajIva zabda rUpa jinavANI, zuci, jJAna, jJAna, saMyama, upakaraNa Adi tathA aise pavitra puladravya jo jIva ke puNyamArga meM sahAyaka haiM tathA tIrthaGkara va anya puNya karma prakRtiyA~ Adi / 1 pApa ajIva pugala dravyakarma kI pApa prakRtiyA~, hiMsA, jhUTha, corI, kuzIla, parigraha Adi pApIkaraNa / aMdhakAra va apazakuna dravya / 3. Asava : puNyAsrava jIvAsava / zubhabhAva / ba. zubha tIrthaMkara, manuSya gati, devAyu Adi puNya prakRtiyoM kA Azrava dravyAzrava / zubhayoga se hone vAlA Azrava / pApAsrava a. hiMsA Adi paMca pApa bhAva, sapta vyasana, mithyAtva, avirati, tIvrakaSAyarUpa saMkleza pariNAma, azubha yoga va azubha bhAva Adi pApa bhAvAzrava / ba. ghAtiyA karmoM kI prakRtiyA~, nIca gotra, sAtAvedanIya, narakAyu Adi pApa prakRtiyoM kA Azrava, pApa dravyAzrava / 4. baMdha : puNyabaMdha jIva ke jina bhAvoM se puNya prakRtiyoM kA badha hotA hai ve bhAvabadha tathA sAtAvedanIya Adi puNyaprakRtiyoM kA AtmapradezoM ke sAtha anyonyapravezaNarUpa dravya badha / - a. pUjA, bhakti, vrata, saMyama, maitrI, pramoda, karuNA, mAdhyastha Adi bhAvAzrava, - pApa baMdha - asAtAvedanIya Adi pApa prakRtiyoM ke badha ke yogya jIva pariNAmarUpa bhAvabadha, narakAyu, asAtA Adi pApa prakRtiyoM kA jIva pradezoM se nIra-kSIravat baMdha / tatvArthasUtra adhyAya 8 meM ullikhita hai- dvidyazubhAyurnAmagotrANi puNya ||25|| mato'nyatpApa 112611 5. saMbara: pApa saMvara- pApa karma ke savara ke kAraNa jIva bhAva, bhAva savara tathA pApa prakRtiyo kA Azrava nirodha yaha abhISTa hai / - puNya saMvara puNya karma prakRtiyoM ke Azrava nirodha ke kAraNarUpa jIva ke pApa pariNAma puNya bhAvasaMvara kahalAte haiN| inake dvArA puNya prakRtiyoM kA nirodha hotA hai, vaha puNya dravya savara kahalAtA hai| savikalpa avasthA kI dRSTi se yaha heya hai| 6. nirjarA: pApa nirjarA pApa karmoM kI nirjarA rUpa dravya nirjarA / kAraNarUpa pApa pariNAmo kI hAni pApa bhAva nirjraa| yaha zubhopayoga se hotI hai| - puNya nirjarA puNya karmoM kI nirjarA ke kAraNa bhAva nirjarA zuddhopayoga, puNya karma prakRtiyo kI sthiti - anubhAga hAni puNyakarma nirjarA / 7. mokSa : puNya pApa se rahita hai| yaha ratnatraya kA phala hai jIvana mukta yA siddha paramAtmA zuddha, parasayoga se rahita haiM, ataH pavitra haiN| ataH unheM puNya sajJA se abhihita kiyA jA sakatA hai| isI kAraNa se sahasranAma stotra meM inhe puNya se saMbodhita kiyA gayA hai| ' sasvArtha sUtra ke chaThe, sAtave, AThave aura naye adhikAra meM uparokta vivecana ko hama dRSTiyata kara sakate haiN| vahA~ jIva, ajIva, Adhava, baMdha, savara, nirjarA ina chaha tattvoM kA puNya aura pApa ke aneka rUpoM meM vivecana kiyA gayA hai, vahA~ dRSTavya hai| Page #203 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ puNya-pApa ke svarUpa para prakAza DAlate haiM - puNya : "punAtyAtmAna pUyate'nena vA iti puNya athavA benAtmA pavitrokriyate tatpuSya * arthAt jo AtmA ko pavitra karatA hai athavA jisase AtmA pavitra hotA hai, vaha puNya hai| cUMki AtmA ko pavitra, zuddha, mukta karanA abhISTa hai, aMtaH puNya upAya hai, ataH vaha upAdeya hai| maMjila hetu mArga upAdeya hI hai, bhale hI maMjila kI prApti hone para mArga chUTatA hai, usakA astitvamaMjila meM nahIM hai| puNya ko maMgala aura zubha bhI kahate haiN| puNya pariNAmoM ko vizuddha pariNAma bhI kahA hai| pApa :- "yad patnAti tad pApa" arthAt jo patana karAtA hai vaha pApa hai| "pAti rakSati AtmAnaM zubhAt iti pApa" arthAt jo zubha se bacAtA hai, dUra rakhatA hai, vaha pApa hai| yaha sarvathA heya hai| yaha to upAya yA mArga hI nahIM hai, isase mokSarUpI maMjila nahIM mila sktii| ise saMkleza, azubha, amaMgala yA ahita bhI kahate haiM / puNya ke paryAyavAcI :- puNya, sukRta, U radhavadana, bhAgya, bahirmukha, dharma / jaise sAmAnya pudgala kI dRSTi se to dUdha aura viSa donoM pudgala haiN| pApa aura puNya kI ekatA usI prakAra dravya karma baMdha sAmAnya evaM karmaja bhAva sAmAnya kI dRSTi se adhyAtma graMthoM meM pApa aura puNya kI samAnatA kA nirUpaNa AcAryoM ne kiyA hai| yathA kammasu kusIla suhakammaM cAvi jANaha susIla / taha fer hodi susIlaM jaM saMsAraM pavesedi // sovaNiryapi NivalaM baMdhadi kAlAbarsa baheva purisaarnn| evaM saMyadi jIvaM suhAsu ca kadaMkamma | ( samayasAra ) tuma azubha karma ko kuzIla aura zubha karma ko suzIla jAnate ho, kiMtu zubha karma suzIla kaise ho sakatA hai, jo jIva ko saMsAra meM praveza karAtA hai| jaise lohe kI ber3I ke samAna sone kI ber3I bhI puruSa ko bAMdhatI hai| usI prakAra zubha aura azubha kiye huye karma jIva ko bA~dhate haiN| yahA~ yaha jJAtavya hai ki yaha zuddha naya, nizcayanaya kathana zuddhopayoga, vItarAga avasthA athavA nirvikalpa dhyAna, nizcaya - abheda ratnatraya kI apekSA hai tathA isakA pAtra vItarAga caryA kA dhArI muni hai| yaha samayasAra meM aneka sthaloM se jJAta hotA hai| dRSTavya hai . atterieso paramabhAva darisIhi / vavAra debidAyuna je du aparameDiyA bhAve // samarthaprAbhRta / 12 jo paramabhAvadarzI haiM ( sAtizaya apramatta se U para) unako zuddha dravya kA kathana karane vAlA zuddhamaya jJAtavya hai, kiMtu aparama bhAva meM sthita (gRhastha kI apekSA paMcama guNasthAna taka tathA muni kI apekSA chaThe va sAtane svasthAna apramata meM) hai, ve vyavahAra naya ke dvArA upadeza ke pAtra haiM W Page #204 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ 148/tasvArthasnA-mikA vartamAna meM to mokSamArgI sabhI gRhastha athavA muni sabhI aparamabhAva meM sthita haiN| zreNI ArohaNa nahIM hai| ata: sabhI vyavahAra naya ke dvArA upadeza ke pAtra haiN| nizcaya naya ke viSaya kI zraddhA ke sAtha vyavahAra naya kA prayoga hI karane ke puNya-pApa meM aMtara : tattvArtha sUtra meM saMsArI adhaHsthAnapatita jIva ko uThAkara vibhinna zreNiyoM ke anusAra mokSamArga meM lagAne kA upadeza hai| jaba sAta tatva hI vyavahAra naya kA viSaya haiM, ata: vyavahAra naya kI viziSTa pradhAnatA ko liye huye yaha mahAgraMtha hai / isameM pApa aura puNya ke svarUpa meM spaSTa atara dikhatA hai| inameM paraspara virodhI bhAva dRSTigata hotA hai| jaise jisako amata kI pApti nahIM huI, usake liye viSa tyAjya hai, dadha upAdeya hai| usI prakAra zuddhopayoga kI prApti ke abhAva meM azubha (pApa) heya hai, zubha (puNya) upAdeya hai| vartamAna kAla meM to yaha hI zaraNa hai| prasiddha TIkAkAra zrI jayacaMda chAbar3A ke zabdoM meM vyavahArI jIvoM ko vyavahAra hI zaraNa hai| prasiddha hI hai, paca parameSThI zaraNa haiM, yaha parAzrita bhAva hI haiM, jo upAdeya haiM aura vyavahAra naya kA viSaya hI haiN| yahA~ tattvArtha sUtra katipaya sthaloM se puNya aura pApa kA atara spaSTa kiyA jAtA hai| kisI bhI jIvAdika tattvoM kI dRSTi se dRSTavya hai - 1. zubhaH puNyasyAzubha: pApasya / / 6/31 - Asrava do prakAra kA hai (eka prakAra yA samAna nhiiN)| zubhAsava aura azubhAsava / zubha yoga se arthAt puNya (mana-vacana-kAya ke dvArA) karmoM se zubhAzrava hotA hai aura azubha yoga arthAt pApakarmoM se azubha yA pApAsava hotA hai| pUjA, acaurya, brahmacaryAdi zubha kAyayoga haiM / satya, hita, mita, priya vacanAdi zubha vacana yoga hai / arhata Adi me bhaktibhAva, tapa meM ruci, zAstra kI vinaya Adi zubha manoyoga haiN| hiMsA, jhaTha, corI, maithana Adi azubha kAya yoga hai| asatya, apriya, ahita, karkaza, Agamaviruddha bhASaNa Adi azubha vacana yoga hai| hiMsA bhAva, IrSyA, niMdA Adi azubha manoyoga haiN| zubha pariNAmoM se utpanna mana-vacana-kAya kI kriyA ko zabhayoga aura azabhapariNAmo se utpanna yoga ko azubha yoga kahate haiN| uparokta se pApa aura puNya kA atara, virodhIbhAva spaSTa najara AtA hai| kyA asatya aura satya ko samAna mAnA jA sakatA hai, kabhI nhiiN| 2. sabasavere 18/81 vedanIya karma do prakAra kA hai- 1. sAtA aura 2. asAtA / jisake udaya se sukha zAMti ke sAdhana prApta ho vaha sAtA aura jisake udaya se duHkha, zoka ke sAdhana prApta hoM, vaha asAtA vedanIya hai| inake Azrava ke kAraNoM kA ullekha karate hue kahA gayA hai / duSaNokatApAkandanavaparivevanAnyAtmaparobhavasthAnAmpasadevasya / / 6/11|| nija sathA para donoM ke saMbaMdha meM kie jAne vAlA duHkha, zoka, tApa, Akrandata (rudana), vadha, aura paridevana (dayA kA utpAdaka rudana), asAtA vedanIya ke Asava ke kAraNa haiN| ... apakApAvAlalagavAmAziyogaH jAti pocamivi socasma 116/1211 . samasta prANiyoM ke prati dayAbhAva, vratI anukaMpA, dAna, sarAgasaMgama, kaSAyoM kA zamana aura saMtoSa (lobha Page #205 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ syAna), ye sAlA vedanIya ke Asana haiN|" yahA~ spaSTa hai ki sAtA - asAtA donoM ke Asava ke kAraNa virodhI haiN| ataH donoM ke kArya bhI viruddha haiN| ata: donoM meM spaSTa aMtara hai| eka dina hai to dUsarA rAtri / 3. bahAraMbhaparigrahatvaM nArakasyAyuSaH 116/15/ bahuta AraMbha aura parigraha se narakAyu (pApa) kA Azrava hotA hai| alpAraMbhaparigrahatvaM mAnuSasya 116 / 1711 thor3A AraMbha aura parigraha rakhane se manuSyAyu (puNya) kA Asrava hotA hai| 4. yogavakratA visaMvAdanaMcAzubhasya nAmnaH 116 / 2211 manoyoga, vacanayoga, kAyayoga kI kuTilatA aura zreyomArga kI niMdA karake bure mArga para calane ko kahanA, jaise samyakcAritra aura kriyAoM meM pravRtti karane vAloM se kahanA ki tuma aisA mata karo aura aisA karo Adi visaMvAdana se azubha nAma karma kA Asrava hotA hai| tadviparItaM zubhasya 116/2311 yogoM kI saralatA aura avisaMvAdana se zubha nAma karma kA Asrava hotA hai| 5. hiMsAnRtasteyAbrahmaparigrahebhyo viratirvatam // 17 / 11 hiMsA, jhUTha, corI, kuzIla, parigraha ina pA~ca pApoM se virakta honA vrata hai| yahA~ aMtara spaSTa hai ki pA~ca pApoM se ulTA vrata (puNya) hai, yaha cAritra hai, mokSamArga hai, bhale hI isase zubhAsava hotA hai| pApoM se to jIva saMsAra duHkhoM meM DUbatA hI hai / 6. tatsabairyArtha bhAvanAH paJca paJca 117 / 311 ina pA~ca vratoM kI sthiratA hetu pA~ca-pA~ca bhAvanAyeM haiM / isase prakaTa hai ki ina vrata rUpa puNya ko upAdeya batAyA gayA hai| kahIM bhI pApoM ko sthira karane hetu upAya upadiSTa nahIM kiyA gayA hai| 7. hiMsAdiSvihAmutrApAyAvadyadarzanam / duHsamedavA 117/9,1011 ina pA~ca pApoM se isa loka meM aura paraloka meM bhaya, nAza aura niMdA, duHkha prApta hotA hai| ye duHkha rUpa ho haiM, sAkSAt duHkha hI haiN| 8. sadyazubhAyurnAmagotrANi puNyam / ato'nyatpApam 118 / 25-611 sAtAvedanIya zubha Ayu, zubha nAma, zubha gotra ye puNya prakRtiyoM haiN| inase anya pApa prakRtiyA~ haiM / yahA~ pApa aura puNya ke svarUpa meM spaSTa aMtara siddha hotA hai| puNya se pApa anya hai eka nahIM / uparokta udAharaNoM se tasvArtha sUtra meM puNya-pApa kI svarUpa viSarvaka paraspara virodhI mImAMsA hai| yadA tadA sarvatra ekAMta nizvayAbhAsI janoM dvArA apane samarthana meM kahA jAtA hai ki vratoM ko tattvArtha sUtra AcArya umAsvAmI ne sAtaveM AMsavAdhikAra meM liyA hai, ataH jo Asrava aura baMdha ke kAraNa hoM, ve na to upAdeya haiM, na dharma meM Page #206 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ .eas 1 uparyukta ke viSaya meM hama spaSTa kara denA cAhate haiM ki AcArya umAsvAmI ne unheM naveM saMvarAdhikAra meM ... mI liyA hai| unase saMkara-nirjarA bhI hotI hai| .. samuptisamitidharmAnuprekSApariSahajayacAritraH / / 9/2 / / gupti, samiti, daza dharma, bAraha anuprekSA, bAIsa pariSahajaya aura pA~ca prakAra cAritra se saMvara hotA hai| pAThakoM ko jJAtavya hai ki yahA~ uparokta saMvara ke kAraNoM ke atargata saMyama, vrata, tapa Adi uparokta sammilita haiM, jo puNya rUpa haiM, jinase puNyAsava hotA hai, unase saMvara aura nirjarA bhI hotI hai / nyAya ke jAnakAroM ko vidita hai ki eka kAraNa se anekoM kArya hote haiM tathA anekoM kAraNoM se eka kArya hotA hai| anyAya arthAt nyAya ko tAka para rakha kara to nirNaya hotA hI nahIM hai| eka hI agni se prakAza, tApa, lokasthita aura nAza aneko kArya hote haiN| tattvArtha sUtra ke AdhAra para puNya pApa viSayaka mImAsA se nimna niSkarSa grahaNIya haiM - pApa adharma hai, heya hai| puNya dharma hai, upAdeya hai| puNya rUpa dharma ko vyavahAra mokSamArga rUpa meM vAstavika mokSamArga rUpa meM svIkRta kiyA gayA hai / azubhopayoga ko chor3akara zubhopayoga meM pravartana karanA cAhiye tathA isake dvArA zuddhopayoga kA lakSya rakhanA cAhiye / zuddhopayoga munidazA meM hI sabhava ho sakatA hai, sabhI muniyo ko bhI nahI / gRhastha to mAtra zubhopayoga kA pAtra hai / zAstroM meM puNya kA upadeza sarvatra hai / puNya aura pApa me mahAna aMtara hai| donoM kA svarUpa hI viruddha hai| kisI bhI naya kA prayoga sarvatra sarvadA nahIM kiyA jA sktaa| donoM kA upayoga gauNa-mukhya rUpa se saMbhava hai / puNya rUpa vyavahAra mokSamArga sAdhana hai, nizcaya mokSamArga sAdhya hai / vyavahAra ke binA tIna kAla me kabhI nizcaya kI siddhi nhii| zubhopayoga zuddhopayoga kA sAdhaka hai| arahatAdika ke prati bhakti Adi vizuddha, zubha, puNya pariNAma hai, usase puNyAnava ke sAtha-sAtha pApa kI saMvara-nirjarA hotI hai| pUrva meM saMcita pApa kA saMkramaNa puNya meM ho jAtA hai, pApa karma kI sthiti anubhAga ghaTa jAte haiM, yaha zubha pariNAma zutra pariNAma kA kAraNa haiM, samasta kaSAya miTAne kA sAdhana hai| vItarAga vijJAna kA kAraNa hai / vratAdika puNya mAtra jar3a kI kriyA nahIM, cetana kA pariNAma hai / puNya paraMparA-mokSamArga hai| upAdeya mAnakara isa paraMparA mokSamArga kA sevana karanA cAhiye, heya mAnakara nhiiN| puNya ko choDanA nahIM par3atA, vaha mokSa prApti hone para svayaM chUTa jAtA hai| pApa chor3ane ke liye pratikramaNa Adi kA Agama meM vidhAna hai, puNya chor3ane ko kahIM bhI pratikramaNa pratijJA nahIM karanI pdd'tii| vartamAna paMcama kAla meM pApa kI hI bahulatA hai| puNya to atyalpa hai| ata: pApa tyAga kA upadeza hai, jisakA astitva pracura hai| tattvArtha sUtra kI ukta mImAMsA ke samarthana meM kucha anya Agamollekha prastuta haiM - 1. puNNaphamA marahatA -(pravacanasAra) arahaMta bhagavAna puNya rUpI kalpavRkSa ke phala haiN| '', '2. puNyaM kurumvakRtapuNyamanIzo'pi, '. . ..mopAyojamiNavati prbhveshbhuutyai| - AtmAnuzAsana ... . .. yahA~ puNya karane kA upadeza hai, upAdeya hai, puNya apane Apa nahIM ho jAtA / isase spaSTa hai ki jIva ne anaMta bAra puNya bhAva yA puNya karma nahIM kiyaa| Page #207 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ - 3. samma na hoi saMsAra kAraNaM zivamA / hoI hetu jA vi vidA na kare | bhAvasaMgraha "samyandRSTi kA puSpa saMsAra kAraNa nahIM hai| vaha sarvathA basa kA kAraNa nahIM hai, vaha mora (sAMsArika bhogAkAMkSA) nahIM karanA cAhiye / madAna 4. dezavAmi samIcInaM dharma karmanivarhaNam / saMsAra duHkhataH satvAn bodharatyuttame sukhe // * ratnakaraNDaka zrAvakAcAra AcArya samaMtabhadra ne ratnakaraNDa zrAvakAcAra meM vyavahAra ratnatraya yAnI vratAdika puNya rUpa ratnatraya kA varNana kiyA hai, use samIcIna dharma kahA hai| vaha jIvoM kA karmanAza karake duHkhoM se nikAla kara uttama sukha meM dhAraNa karAtA hai / 5. hetukAryavizeSAbhyAM vizeSaH puNyapApayoH / hetuzubhAzubha bhAvI kArye caiva sukhAsukhe / / kAraNa-kArya kI vizeSatA se puNya aura pApa meM aMtara hai| puNya ke kAraNa zubha bhAva haiM, pApa ke kAraNa azubha bhAva haiN| tathA puNya kA phala sukha, pApa kA kArya duHkha hai| 6. avatAni parityajya vrateSu parinihitaH / tyajetAnyapi saMprApya paramaM padamAtmanaH // - samAdhizataka avratoM (pApoM) ko tyAgakara vratoM (puNya) meM niSThAvAna hokara rahe tathA paramapada prApta hone para vratoM ko bhI chor3a deveM, arthAt jaba chor3ane kA sakalpa hI vahA~ nahIM hai to puNya to apane Apa chUTa jAtA hai, chor3anA nahIM par3atA / 7. suhajogassa pavitti saMvaraNaM kuNadi asuhajogassa / suhajogalsa giroho subuvajogeNa saMbhavadi // bArasANupekkhara zubhayoga kI pravRtti azubhayoga se Ane vAle karmoM kA saMvara karatI hai tathA zubhayoga se Ane vAle karmoM kA nirodha zuddhopayoga se hotA hai| spaSTa hai ki zuddhopayoga se pApa kA saMvara nahIM hotA, usake liye to puNya cAhiye / varaM vrataiH padaM devaM nAvrataivaMtanArakam / chAyAtapasthayorbhedaH pratipAlayatormahAn // - iSTopadeza: 8. vratoM ke dvArA devapada pAnA zreSTha hai, avratoM (pApoM) se naraka pAnA ThIka nhiiN| chAyA aura dhUpa meM baiThe vyaktiyoM ke pariNAmoM meM mahAn aMtara hai| - 9. bhAvaM tivihapabAre suhAsu suddhameva NAyayaM / asuI aDakaI suhadhammaM jiNavaridehiM // - bhAvapAhuDa bhAva tIna prakAra kA hai - 1. zubha, 2. azubha, 3. shuddh| unameM Arta, raudra dhyAna azubha haiM, zubha rUpa dharmadhyAna hai| yahA~ spaSTa rUpa se zubha puNyabhAva ko dharmadhyAna evaM dharmarUpa hI kahA gayA hai| uparokta udAharaNoM ke samarthana meM tattvArtha sUtra kI yaha spaSTa avadhAraNA hai ki pApa tyAjya haiM, puNya upAdeya hai / puNya-pApa kI mImAMsA cAhe jisa rUpa meM tathA cAhe jitanI kI jAya paraMtu siddhi to samyagdarzana-jJAna tathA kriyA se hI hogI / bhAvoM evaM karmoM kI puNyatA pavitratA to sarvatra iSTa hI hai| hA~ puNya kA phala na cAhakara puNya sarvadA karanA cAhiye, jaba taka karanI kA prasaMga hai| Page #208 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ tatvArthasna kA samAjazAstrIya adhyayana * DaoN. nIlama jaina tattvAryasUtrakAra AcArya umAsvAmI tattvacintaka manISiyoM meM apanA zreSTha, dhurIya evaM kIrtanIya sthAna rakhate haiN| tattvArthasUtra jainadarzana kI sUtrAtmaka prastuti mAtra nahIM apitu jIvana saMbhArane evaM sAmAjika samarasatA kI mAsTara kI hai| mAnava sAmarthya ke adbhuta jJAtA AcArya umAsvAmI saMgharSa evaM puruSArtha kA mArga sujhAte hue vyaSTi se samaSTi kA aise rAjamArga kA udaghoSa karate haiM jahA~ jIvana jIvanta aura samAja prabhAvAna hokara sadguNoM kA aisA indradhanuSa bikharate haiM jahA~ sabaladurbala, dhanI-nirdhana, guru-laghu, yuvA-vRddha, mahilA-puruSa sabhI paraspara upakArI bana samAja evaM zraddhAspada AcaraNa saMhitA kA vahana karate haiM / isa kRti kI prabhaviSNutA adbhuta aura anupama hai / AcArya pravara kI jIvana-dRSTi saMtulita aura samanvaya pradhAna hone ke kAraNa isameM aisI vicAra-maNiyAM haiM jo samAja ko maryAdita aura anuzAsita rakhatI haiN| vartamAna meM jaba samAna meM sarvatra mUlyoM kA kSaraNa hai, bhautikatA kI sarvagrAsinI jvAlA dhadhaka aura jhulasA rahI hai| zoSaNa, utpIr3ana, hisA aura dveSa kA krIr3A sAmAjika samarasatA ko cATa rahA hai, jio aura jIne do' kA sthAna 'maro aura mAro' ne le liyA hai| pratimUlyoM kI saMskRti ugratara gati se vibhISikA phailA rahI hai, jisa hRdaya ke stara para bhAvanA kI nirmala bhAgIrathI kA pravAha hai vahA~ unmAda kA bArUda ur3elA jA rahA hai| ____ AcArya pravara zrI umAsvAmI jI sAmAjika aura vaiyaktika hita-sAdhanA ko eka-dUsare se avibhAjya mAnate haiN| sAmAjika ekatA, sAmAjika suvyavasthA evaM samunnati vyakti kA vizada vyaktitva hai jisakI chatrachAyA meM vaha unnati kara sakatA hai, AtmatRpti pA sakatA hai| samAja vyakti kI sImA kA sApekSa ni:sIma hai| vaha ba~doM kI sammilita zakti kA samudra hai, jisameM milakara pratyeka bU~da ekatrita aizvarya kA upabhoga kara sakatI hai| Aja ke vyApaka vistRta sAmAjika pariveza bhUmi meM jo nirmANa-vidhvaMsa, jaya-parAjaya, vedanA, pAzavikatA, uThA-paTaka, ke sunahale viSele aMkura uga Ae haiN| tatvArthasUtrakAra ne apanI tIkSNa kAlajayI cetanA se ina sabake nirAkaraNa ke samyak upAya batAe haiN| unake AdhAra para yadi hama samAja kA nirmANa kareM to jIvana cetanA zikhara kA prakAza mAnasika upatyakAoM kI chAyA ko dhUmila kara hRdaya sarovara meM jJAna-padya kA aMkuraNa kara svastha sabhya evaM dharmaniSTha samAja kI saMsthApanA kregaa| samAja ke susthira tAne bAne meM ahiMsA, satya, acaurya, brahmacarya aura aparigraha jaise guNoM ke raMga-biraMge phUloM kA bunanA anivArya hai| AcArya umAsvAmI kA yaha saba kitanA prAsaMgika hai . * 23/1/1mAdarzanagara, nyU relave roDa, guDagAva, 122 002, 9810809727 Page #209 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ pramatayogAtprANavyaparo hiMsA / it asAvadhAna hote hI hama hiMsaka ho jAte haiN| 'sAvadhAnI haTI, durghaTanA ghaTI hisA kevala manuSya ke prati hI nahIM hotI, apitu vaha vaha jAgatika ghaTanA hai jisakA vistAra pratyeka prANI taka prasArita hotA hai| mahilA se anuprANita vyakti vyakti kI AMkhoM se bUMda-bUMda AMsU pocha dene kI sArthakatA prApta karatA hai| saMkIrNa se virAT, parivAra se samAja, samAja se rASTra aura rASTra se vizva meM mAnava maMgala kI sthApanA kA maMgalAcaraNa sUtrakAra varNita ahiMsA se hai jo bandha, vadha, chevana, atibhArAropaNa, annapAna ke nirodha yukta dUSaNa se mukta hai tathA vacanagupti, manogupti, IrSyAsamiti, AdAnanikSepaNa samiti tathA AlokitapAnabhojana se bhAvita hai| Aja jaba hama vartamAna paribeza yA paristhiti para vicAra karate haiM to pratIta hotA hai ki jIvana meM nirantara avamUlyita hotI jA rahI ahiMsA kA hI duSpariNAma hai ki Aja vArtAe to niHzastrIkaraNa kI hotI hai para taiyArI yuddha kI hotI hai aise savedanazIla kSaNoM meM ahiMsA hI avarodhaka kA kArya kara sakatI hai| pramatta-vyaparopaNa hiMsA meM sampUrNa AcaraNa saMhitA kA vidhAna hai eka apramatta hI eka-eka pala dIpaka kI lauM kI tahara jItA hai use jJAta hai mere khAnapAna, rahana-sahana aura dainika upayoga kI hiMsA se pUre samAja kA DhAcA caramarAtA hai| mere camar3e kI vastuoM ke tyAga se, gharo meM kITanAzakoM ke prayoga, azuddha bhojana zailI se bhale hI samAja meM AmUlacUla parivartana na ho para hiMsA ke pratyakSa samarthakoM kA manobala to TUTatA hai| apramatta vyakti hI samAja ko uThAte haiM aura tyAga kI mahimA ko vRddhigata kara saskArazIla samAja kI sthApanA meM apratima yogadAna dete haiN| samAja me satya aura vizvAsa kI sthApanA kA sundara sUtra sUtrakAra dete haiM- 'asadabhidhAnamanRtam'' tathA sUtra kI vyAkhyA karane vAlA sUtra 'mithyopadeza - rahodhyAkyAnakUTalekha kriyAnyAsApahArasAkAramantrabhedA / '' aura isa satya ko surakSita rakhane ke lie pA~ca bhAvanAeM haiM- krodhalobha- bhIrutva hAsyapratyAkyAnAnyanuvIcibhASaNaM ca paca / * sUtrakAra ne satya aura usake atIcAroM, bhAvanAo kA pUrA ciTThA kholA hai - lobha ke vaza rizvata lekara, krodha aura bhaya ke vaza pratizodha aura pralobhanoM se kitane hI gavAha nyAyAlayoM meM niraparAdhI ko kArAvAsa aura aparAdhI ko khulI chUTa dilA dete haiN| isI ke kAraNa Aja samAja meM aparAdhI khullamakhullA ghUma rahe haiN| pratidina jhUThe lekha likhanA, jAlI hastAkSaroM se baiMka se rupayA ur3AnA, dUsaroM kI dharohara har3apa lenA, sAmAnya ho gayA hai| AcArya umAsvAmI vargodaya ke viruddha aura sarvodaya ke pakSa meM haiN| sAmAjika aura zreyonnati ke lie unhoMne acaurya ko vrata kI saMjJA dii| corI ke rUpa svarUpa me vaha prakAza hai jo tamaso mA jyotirgamaya ko saTIka banAtA hai, lokacetanA ko jagAtA hai| vasAvAnaM svayam binA dI huI vastu ko grahaNa karanA steya arthAt corI hai| zUnyAgAravAsa, vimocitAvAsa, paroparodhAkaraNa, maikSNazuddhi aura sadharmAvisaMvAda ye acaurya kI bhAvanAe~ tathA stenaprayoga, AhRtAdAna, viruddharAjyAtikrama, 1. tattvArthasUtra, 7/13. 2. vahI, 1/14. 3. vahI, 1 / 26. 4. vahI, 7/5. 5. vahI, 7/15. Page #210 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ honAdhikamAnonmAna, pratirUpakavyavahAra ye acauryavrata kI pA~ca sAvadhAniyA~ haiN| inake pariprekSya meM Akalana kare to sarvatra samAja meM cauryarAja dikhalAI par3atA hai| corI kA dhana mAnasika zAnti ko chInakara pIr3A ke pahAr3a khar3A karatA hai| umAsvAmI jI isIlie inheM pApa kahate haiM jo mana hI mana pIr3ita kare ve pApa hI to haiM / corI kI bhAvanA IrSyA prapaMca, kuTila cintanA kI mASA kI chAyA meM RjutA sira dhunatI hai, kalaha palatI hai milAvaTa aTTahAsa karatI hai vyakti taula meM bhI mArA jAtA hai aura mola meM bhI / dUsaroM kI lAza kI chAtI para paira rakhakara Age bar3hane ke mAyAvI dRzyoM kI bharamAra samAja meM hara stara para vidyamAna hai| vikAsa ke artha ko har3apakara avyavasthA kA jaMgala uga rahA hai| antarrASTrIya stara para vyApaka taskarI se nipaTane ke lie Urdhvavyatikrama, adhovyatikrama, tiryakvyatikrama, kSetravRddhi aura smRtyantarAdhAna ye pAMca aticAra tathA Amayana, preSyaprayoga, zabdAnupAta, rUpAnupAta aura pudagalakSepa nAmaka dizavirati ke pAMca aticAra pariharaNIya hai| Ajakala bhI taskarI ke rUpa meM uparyukta doSoM ko dekhA jA sakatA hai| strI-puruSoM ke sambandhoM kI vyAkhyA ke abhAva meM samAja-zAstra apUrNa hai| tattvArthasUtra meM isa viSaya para bhI paryApta sAmagrI sulabha hai| AcArya zrI kI dRSTi ina sambandhoM ke pariprekSya meM saMtulita evaM vivekayukta hai| eka sUtra diyA hai - melamAhA strI aura puruSa kA jor3A mithuna kahalAtA hai aura rAgapariNAma se yukta hokara inake dvArA kI gaI sparzana Adi kiyA maithuna hai / paravivAhakaraNa, itvarikAparigRhItAgamana, itvarikAaparigRhItAgamana, anaMgakrIr3A aura kAmatIvrAbhiniveza ye pAMca aticAra haiN| ina pA~coM ke prati pUrNa sAvadhAna rahane se hI brahmacarya kI sAdhanA saMbhava hai| AcArya zrI ne nara aura nArI ke lie pRthaka mAnadaNDa nirdhArita nahIM kie saMbhavataH unako jJAta thA ki bhaviSya meM aisA bhI samaya AegA jaba nArI bhI nara ke bhogavAdI kadamoM para calegI aura samAja varjanAhIna evaM bhogavAdI ho jaaegii| strIrAgakathAzravaNa, tanmanoharAMgamirIkSaNa, pUrNaratAnusmaraNa, vRSyeSTarasa tathA svazarIrasaMskAra' ina sabhI ke tyAga se poSita brahmacarya kI kitanI paripAlananA samAja meM ho rahI hai, yuvA pIr3hI kI gati aura mati kitanI azlIla ho cukii| rAta dina cAraprasAdhana gRha ke bar3hate kadama aura unameM calate dehavyApAra ke aDDe saba apanI kahAnI svaya kaha rahe haiN| anajAne yuvaka-yuvatI ke dehasambandhoM kI choDe, pitA-putrI, cAcA-bhatIjI, mAmA-bhAnajI, mAM-beTe kaunasA sambandha aisA nahIM samAcAra patroM meM jisakA kaccA ciTThA bayAna na huA hai| jisa nArI ke garbha kA zodhana deviyA~ karatI rahIM, tIrthakara siddha kevalI jisake garbha meM zobhita hue| jisake aMka meM khelane vAle narapuMgavoM ne siddhAlayoM kI U~cAI kA sparza kiyA Aja vahA~ avaidha bhrUNa kUr3e ke DheroM para par3e sisakate haiN| garbha meM hI katlakhAnA aura zmazAna bane hue taba samAja meM kaise AegeM rAma sItA / AcArya dvArA kathita tanmanoharAMganirIkSaNa kI avehalanA hI to saundarya pratiyogitAoM kA AmantraNa hai, deha kA aisA khulA pradarzana yuvatiyoM ko pathabhraSTa na karegA kyA? svazarIrasaMskAra ke hajAroM phArmUle batAne vAlI patra-patrikAoM kI bhIr3a para yukka-yuvatI kyA vivAhita yugala bhauroM kI taraha cipake rahate haiN| unmukta AcaraNa ne vaivAhika saMsthAoM kI cindI-cindI ur3A dI / vivAhapUrva prema puna: premavivAha yaha niSiddha samparka kA hI to pariNAma hai| AcArya zrI ke 1.tasvArthasUna,1/16. Page #211 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ itvArikAparimAhItA aaura itvarikA aparigrahItA ke do zabda sampUrNa samAja ke pratibimbA hai| bahArmavata kI avicAroM aura mAkanAma sahita vyAkhyA meM vartamAna samAja kI sArI badahAlI vidyamAna hai| eDama jaisI bImArI kA bar3hatA mikatA maura anaMgakrIkA kA vRddhigata mAmale bhI mAnasikatA ko parivartita nahIM kara pA rahe haiN| isake lie AcArya umAsvAmI ke brahmacarya se sandarbhita sUtroM ko jIvana se saha sambandhita karanA hogaa| ___ Aja samAja meM dhana kamAoM kI lUTa-khasUTa jaise bhI bane dhana kA ambAra lagAmao kI caturdika dhUma macI hai| jisane sAmAjikatA ko durbala banAyA hai| artha kI mahimA asaMdigdha hai usakA saMcaya kiyA jAnA cAhie, kintu marpasvamuktI bAsa kI jagaha para maryasya pulca: svAmI ke bhAva ko caritArtha karanA hI zreyaskara hai| dhanArjana ke sAtha AcArya zrI visarjana kI kalA bhI sikhAte aura samajhAte haiM - balpArambhaparivahatvaM mAnuSasya eva bArambapariNaharavaM nArakAsthApunaH' manuSyatA ko ihaloka aura paraloka meM alpaparigraha hI surakSita rakha sakatA hai / atyadhika Arambha aura parigraha naraka kA hI AmantraNa aura kaoNToM kI zayyA hai| dharma kA anuzAsana tor3akara dhana saMcita karanA anarthoM kA hI janmadAtA siddha hotA hai| dhana kI adhikatA yadi ho jAe to samAja meM kalyANakArya aura paropakAra karanA hI abhISTa hai| anugrahArya svasyAtisargo dAna ke bhAva se hI bhautikavAdI samAja meM adhyAtma kA dIpa jalatA raha sakatA hai| anagrahapUrvaka dAna hI dhana sambandhI lolupatA evaM tajjanya dRSita manovRtti para paharUe kA kArya karatA hai| samAja meM dAna bhI Aja kalaha aura vivAda kA viSaya bana gayA hai| dAna ko sAmAjika pratiSThA kA sthAna mila jAne se aba adhisakhya logoM kA bhAva aisA dekhA jAtA hai ki yena kena prakAreNa dhana sacaya karate haiM aura phira udAratA kA svAga karane ke lie usameM se kucha aza apane aham sapoSaNArtha pratiSThAvarddhaka kAryoM meM de dete haiN| yaha svakalyANa kA ucita mArga nahIM hai| sUtrakAra kI dAna kI paribhASA kI jar3eM bahuta gaharI haiN| vaha prANImAtra kA kalyANa kisI kI kRpA para nahIM svIkAratA guNa hai| samAjasevA uttama bhAva hai para jo dAna tyAga ko pratiSThita kareM satpravRttiyoM ko protsAhita kare usI se samAja kA hita bhI hotA hai aura prabhAvotpAdaka aura preraNAprada bhii| jaise kahA hai pAnI bAho nAva meM, ghara meM bAze dAma / donoM hAtha ulIcie yahI sayAno kAma / / hama sAmAjika prANI hai| hama apane nyAyocita dhana kA upayoga samAja ke utkarSa ke lie kare / garIba bhAIyoM kI Arthika madada kareM / anAtha vidhavAoM ke lie samucita vyavasthAe~ upalabdha karAe~ / vidyAlaya, cikitsAlaya khulavAe~, dharma ke pracAra-prasAra va rakSaNa hetu zAstra prakAzana, tIrtha saMrakSaNa, jIrNoddhAra eva Avazyaka jinamandira nirmANa meM dhana kA upayoga kreN| sUtrakAra ne vidhidravyavAtUpAcavizeSAtahizeSa: meM yahI spaSTa kiyA hai ki dAna pAtra, dravya, dAtA, vidhi ina sabakI zreSThatA se zreSTha bana jAtA hai| ata: mAtra nAma, asUyA aura pAtra-apAtra ke nirIkSaNa-parIkSaNa binA pradattadAna sArthaka nahIM hai| _ jisa prakAra sAgara apane jala ko maryAdita rakhatA hai usI prakAra dharma ke mahAsAgara meM artha kA jala anugraha pUrvaka 1. tattvArthasUna, 1/17. 2. vahI,7/15 3. vahI, 7/38. 4.bAhI, 7/39. - Page #212 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ 156 / tatvArthasUtra- nikaMva dAna dete rahane se mUlyoM ke taTa nahIM tor3atA / na hI samAja meM asantoSa kI dAvAgni bar3hatI hai aura na hI samAja zoSakazoSita, dhanI nirdhana sadRza varga bheda kI dIvAroM meM baMTatA hai| dhana ke prati mUrcchAbhAva kI alpatA se ahaMkAra AkAMza nahIM naataa| samAja meM jana-kalyANa kI triveNI pravAhita hotI hai| sUtrakAra mUrcchA parigrahaH' kahate haiM / dhana honA itanA duHkhadAyI nahIM jitanA dhana ke prati mUrcchA, moha, atyadhika Asakti yA lagAva / mUrcchA kA bhAva samApta hote hI U~canIca ke vibheda kI dIvAra Dhaha jAtI hai, taba ekatvamayI sAttvika zAnti kA prasAra hotA hai| yahI bhUmi hai ahiMsA kI / jaba koI gaira nahIM, parAyA nahIM, to hiMsA kisakI, sUtrakAra ne isa satya ko pahacAnA aura dhana ke svecchayA vikendrIkaraNa ko ahiMsA kI dharAya puSTi evaM AtaMkavAda ke nirAkaraNa meM bhI mahattvapUrNa kAraNa smjhaa| saca to yaha hai lobha (mUrcchA ) hI saba pApoM kA janaka hai| parigraha kI bar3hatI lipsA, OMce jIvanAcAra me sambandhita bhrAmaka dhAraNAoM tathA sukha samRddhi kI anuSAtahIna kAmanAoM ne sAmAjika vRtti aura pravRtti ko isa sImA taka dUSita kara diyA hai ki sabhI paramparAgata sAmAjika mUlya caramarA gae haiN| TUTate rizte, caramarAtA dAmpatya, dahejadAnava ke kAraNa bar3ha rahe dehadahana, hInatA se bar3hate mAnasika avasAda aura AtmahatyAe~ parityakta patniyA~, talAka saba parigraha ke prati lipsA kA hI pariNAma hai| sAre nAjuka, bhAvuka evaM AtmIya sambandha ina dinoM daulata sampatti ke AdhAra para hI vikasita ho rahe haiN| phalataH sambandha samarpaNa evaM AtmIyatA ke rasa se pallavita na hokara kalaha aura tanAva ke kITANu se bImAra ho dama tor3a rahe haiN| abhivAnazIlasya nitya vRddhopasevina: ke samAja meM vRddha aba bojha samajhakara vRddhAzramoM meM dhakele jA rahe haiN| mAyAcArI se dhana arjita karanA, kuTilatA se svArthasiddhi AcArya tiryacagati kI pariNati mAnate haiM mAyA tiryagyonamasya' kahakara sAvadhAna karate haiN| AcArya umAsvAmI pA~ca aNuvrata (ahiMsA, satya, acaurya, brahmacarya, aparigraha ) tIna guNavrata (digvirativrata, dezavirativrata, anarthadaNDavirati) cAra zikSAvrata (sAmAyika, proSadhopavAsa, upabhogaparibhogaparimANavrata, atithisaMvibhAgavrata) ye 12 vrata samAja ke suSThu svarUpa kI nIMva haiN| ina vratoM se vaiyaktika jIvana hI AbhAmaya nahIM hotA apitu inakI camaka se pUrA samAja prabhAvita hotA hai| guNavrata aNuvratoM kA vikAsa hai| divrata tRSNA meM kamI lAtA hai / santoSa kI ora pravRtta karatA hai| rAtadina svisa baiMkoM meM khAte kholane ke sAtha-sAtha anyAnya vikRtiyoM se bacA jA sakatA hai| dezavrata icchAoM ko rokane kA sarvazreSTha sAdhana hai| anarthadaNDavrata to hai anartha se utpanna daNDa se bacAne vaalaa| rAta dina vyartha hI anartha ke cakravyUha meM phaMse rahate haiN| hiMsAdAna kA to kyA kaheM, astra-zastrAdi hiMsaka upakaraNa yadi khullamakhullA avaidha tarIkoM se bAjAra meM na Ae to zAyada itane aparAdha bhI na hoN| adhikAMza hatyAe~ binA lAisaiMsa ke hathiyAroM se hotI haiM / cAroM zikSAvrata to isa krama meM aisI bhAgavatazakti hai jo AcaraNa ko nirmala rakhate haiM, samAja ke dhana-mana aura tana ko nirmala rakhate haiN| vastutaH ye ve tAra haiM jo mAnava ke antaHkaraNa rUpI vidyutagRha se jur3akara samAja ko rozana rakhate 1 sAmAyika karane vAlA vyakti ekAnta meM baiTha niSpakSatA aura viveka kI A~kha se antarmana kI kitAba avazya 1. tavArthasUtra, 7/17 2. tavArthasUtra, 6/17. Page #213 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ - par3atA hai| saMsAra kI evaM jIvana kI nazvaratA se bhayabhIta ma sonoM meM ramatA hai aura maiM bhoganApUrti ke lie kutsita mArga cunatA hai| aise hI sajjana mAnavaratnoM se samAja suzobhita aura nirApada hotA hai| proSadha kI anupAlanA rASTradharma hai| hamArA proSadha kisI anya ko anna kA abhAva nahIM rahane detA / svAda kI lolupatA se hone vAle aneka pApoM se bacAva hotA hai| __ bhogopabhogaparimANavata vyaktigata nirAkulatA evaM sAmAjika donoM hI dRSTiyoM se upayogI hai / bhogopabhoga sAmagrI ke bhaNDAraNa kI duSpravRtti gharoM meM itanI bhara gaI hai ki vastroM ke saMgraha kI koI sImA hI nhiiN| meciMga ke yuga meM nakha kI pradarzana sAmagrI kA anta hI nhiiN| pratispardhA kI utpatti ne samAja kI dazA aura dizA ko vikRta kara ddaalaa| AcArya zrI kI vilakSaNa sAmAjika dRSTi praNamya hai / vAstavikatA yaha bhI hai vyakti samAja kI IkAI hai vyakti ke sadguNI, anuzAsita, saMskArita, nItiparAyaNa hone se samAja bhI tadanurUpa hotA hai| AcArya ne isIlie ina vratoM ko zIla kahA hai| ye zIla (svabhAva) ke aga banane caahie| tattvArthabhASya ke ullekhAnusAra zrAvaka ke zIla aura uttaraguNa ekArthaka haiN| sUtrakAra guNavrata aura zikSAvrata ko zIla saMjJA dete haiN| prAya: hama hiMsA, jhUTha, corI, kuzIla ko to pApa kI zreNI meM rakha lete haiM parantu parigraha ko puNya kI cerI samajhakara usake varcasva kI vRddhi meM heya-upAdeya, nIti-anIti, kuTilatA-vakratA kisI kA bhI dhyAna nahIM rakhate / isI pravRtti para sUtrakAra ne akuza lagAkara parigraha kA parimANa karane kA sujhAva diyA hai aura alpArambha, alpaparigraha kA bhAva honA, jIvana meM vinaya bhadratA honA manuSyatva kA sUcaka mAnA hai - alpArambhaparigrahatvaM mAnuSasya / ' nItikAra bhI kahate haiM - anIti se nazata hai, dhana yauvana aura vaMza / tInoM para tAle lage, rAvaNa kaurava kaMsa // vartamAna meM na jAne kitane ghoTAle karane vAloM ke kacce ciDhe unake vinAza ke kAraNa bane / samAja meM aise dhana ke Agamana se aisI pravRtti ke manuSyoM se bhaya kA vAtAvaraNa rahatA hai| dina dahAr3e lUTane vAloM, apaharaNa karane vAloM ne rAtoM kI kyA dina kI caina naSTa kara dii| parigraha ke mAdhyama kSetra-vAstu, hiraNya-suvarNa, dhana-dhAnya, dAsI-dAsa, kupya kA pramANa karane vAle samAja meM bhalA kahIM bhUmAphiyA, aNDaravarlDa ke saraganA, utpanna ho sakate haiM ? tattvArthasUtrakAra ke vrata kI paribhASA pUrNata: vaijJAnika aura manovaijJAnika tathA samAja ke lie hitakara evaM preraka hai| umAsvAmI jI hiMsA, asatya, corI, maithuna, parigraha se nivRtta honA vrata kahate haiN| yahA~ vrata mAtra zArIrika kaSTa athavA gRhatyAga nahIM hai apitu asatpravRttiyoM se nivRtti hI vrata hai / vrata kA uddezya mAnava ko zreSThatA kI ora agrasara karanA hI to hai aura kutsita pravRttiyoM se nivRtti ke abhAva meM aisA ho nahIM sktaa| ata: Atmonnati hetu isI prakAra ke vrata hI karaNIya evaM mananIya haiN| 1. tattvArthasUtra, 6/16. 1.vahI,6/17. Page #214 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ 158/tA -nika mAravAntika sammevAnAM ghoSitA jIvana aura mRtyu donoM ke prati samabhAva utpanna karane vAlA tathA jIvana se mRtyu taka kI yAtrA kA sukhada banAne vAlA sUtra hai| Aja samAja meM AtmahatyA kA aisA ghinaunA duSkRtya phailatA jA rahA hai| tanika ahaM ko Thesa lagI, taba AsmahatyA / lanika sI viparItatA, asaphalatA meM AtmahatyA - isI dUSita pravRtti se samAja karmahIna, pauruSahIna saMgharSavihIna banatA hai| isake viparIta yaha sUtra vIratA se jInA sikhAtA hai| mRtyuMjayI banatA hai tathA mRtyu ko saharSa svIkArane kI preraNA detA hai| isa sUtra se jJAta hotA hai ki mRtyu kA samaya nikaTa jAnakara durdhyAna aura asatpravRttiyoM tathA durbhAvanAoM se pare rahane vAlA vyakti apanA ihaloka bhI sArthaka karatA hai / aise vIra sajaga narapuMgava kI mRtyu vandanIya hotI hai tathA paraloka meM bhI vaha sadgati prApta karatA hai| AcArya zrI kI sAmAjika abhivyakti kA isase sundara sAkSya aura kyA hogA ki AcArya thI ne moha se mokSa taka kI yAtrA ke pratyeka spIDabrekara, durghaTanA sthala aura samasta yAtAyAta saMketoM ko hI nahIM batAyA apitu yaha bhI dhyAna rakhA koI bhI yAtrA binA dhana ke sampanna nahIM hotI hai - samyagdarzana, samyagjJAna aura samyakcAritra rUpI tIna ratna unhoMne isa sAMsArika sAmAjika prANI ke hAtha meM sabase pahale thamA die| isake sAtha-sAtha utpAdabyayadhIbyayuktaM sat IzvaravAda kI avadhAraNA kA nakAra karmoM kI sattA kI pratiSThApanA karane vAlA mahAmantra aura jainAgama kA sArasUtra hai / sAmAjika nyAya kI isame upayukta vyAkhyA aura kyA hogI dIna-daridra, nikRSTa, utkRSTa, dhanI, buddhimAna-mUrkha yaha saba bhAgyAdhIna nahIM hai / yaha doSa prANI ke apane karma kA hai| vaiyaktika svatantratA evaM samAnatA ke pakSadhara AcArya umAsvAmI pratyeka prANI meM utkRSTatA aura nikRSTatA kI kSamatA dekhate haiM aura usakI isa avasthA kA bhI kAraka prANI svayaM hai| sadkarma karane kI preraNA isa sUtra se prApta hotI hai| sAmAjika samatA aura nyAya kA dyotaka hai yaha sUtra - zubhaH puNyasyAzubha: pApasya' isI kI vizada vyAkhyA hai kAya, vacana aura mana kI kriyA yoga hai aura vahI Asava hai| zubhayoga se puNya kA bandha hotA hai aura azubhayoga se pApa kA bandha hotA hai| dhana, rUpa, buddhi, pratiSThA, zubhasaMyoga Adi sabhI acche kArya jo puNya meM sahAyaka hote haiM, unhIM se sukha-samRddhi prApta hotI hai / isake viparIta kAryoM se duHkhadaridratA Adi duHkhadAyI vastue~ prApta hotI haiN| ata: apanI sarvaprakAra kI avasthA ko apane hI karmo kA phala jAnane vAlA vyakti apane utkarSa hetu kabhI bhI nikRSTa kAryoM kA avalambana nahIM letaa| mAnirodhastapaH satyata: isa sUtra ko sau-sau bAra praNAma karane ko mana karatA hai| dharma kA colA pahanakara adharma karane vAloM ke maMsUboM ko naSTakara samAja ko sahI evaM vaijJAnika paribhASA kA pATha yaha choTA-sA arthagAmbhIrya yukta sUba detA hai| samAja meM sadguNoM ke siMcana meM yaha sUtra mahattvapUrNa jaladhAra hai| Aja antahIna icchAoM ne hI sadbhAvanA kI harI-bharI bagiA ujAr3I hai| icchA AkAza kI bhAMti ananta hai| lAlasAoM para niyantraNa karane se vyaSTigata aura samaSTigata 1. tatvArthasUtra, 7/22. 2. vahI, 5/30. 3. vahI, 6/3. 4. vahI, 6/1. 5. vahI,6/2. - - Page #215 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ zAnti AtI hai| vyakti kI AkrAmaka AkAMkSAe~ aura akUta sampatti ko ekatra karane kI abhilASA: DhakelatI hai| jaba damita icchAe~ adhika balavatI ho jAtI haiM to corI ke upakrama ko janma detI haiN| 1 icchAoM ke UrdhvamUla azvatya kI jar3a aura zAkhA sahita utpAda ke ke binA mAnava vikAsa patha para saMcaraNazIla nahIM ho sakatA / icchAoM para niyantraNa kI samasta zirAoM ko santoSa se sIMcakara hI vasudhaiva kuTumbakam evaM bhrAtRtva ke phUla khilate haiN| M parasparopagraha jIvAnAm' meM eka aisI samagratA hai| mAnava ko prANImAtra se sahRdayatA pUrvaka jor3atI hai| yaha aisA mahAmantra hai jo hAhAkArI duranta samasyAoM kA anta karane meM samartha hai| yaha aisI saMjIvanI hai yadi isakA prayoga kiyA jAya to mata-matAntaroM se utpanna kalaha svataH zAnta ho jaaegeN| pratyeka prANI kA eka-dUsare para upakAra hai / paraspara sahAyaka honA yaha jIvoM kA upakAra hai| manuSya vaha eka sAmAjika prANI hai usake vikAsa meM hajAroM hajAra paristhitiyoM ko yogadAna hotA hai| paraspara upakAra hI vaha dhurI hai jo jIvana ke ratha ko gatimAna rakhatI hai| parasparatA kA dharma zAzvata hai| parasparatA meM kevala jIva hI nahIM Ate sampUrNa cara-acara sRSTi kA samAveza hotA hai| yaha vaha nirmala aura pavitra bhAva kendra hai jisameM pratikUla se pratikUla paristhitiyoM meM vyakti nirbhaya aura nirApada raha sakatA hai| eka-dUsare kA pUraka banakara hI vyakti aura samAja zAnti sampanna banatA hai| paraspara upakAra kI bhAvanA se kArya karane aura usakI mahattA samajhane se eka divya santoSa aura sukha milatA hai| zarIra meM sphUrti, vANI meM nizcayAtmaka bhAvanA aura spaSTatA samA jAtI hai / isa sAmAjika cetanA se prerita kAryoM meM choTe-bar3e kA bheda nahIM hotA alpa-adhika kI tulanA bhI nahIM hogI / parasparopagraha hI samAja meM sukha zAnti kI bagiyA khilAkara rahane yogya banAtA hai| vaiyaktikatA aura sAmAjikatA ke taToM ke madhya isI siddhAnta setu para hI nirApada evaM sApekSatApUrNa vicaraNa kiyA jA sakatA hai| sahaastitva kA yaha bhAva hI AdamI ko AdamI se jor3atA hai| Adhunika samAja meM sabase adhika kisI zabda ko bhunAyA jA rahA hai jisake AdhAra para rAjanaitika kursiyoM para ApAdhApI ho rahI hai vaha hai dalita (nIca) aura ucca zabda / tattvArthasUtrakAra kA eka sUtra hI samasta bhrAmaka aura avivekapUrNa dhAraNA ko tor3a detA hai| ve spaSTa kahate haiM ki uccatA aura mIcatA janmAdhArita nahIM bhAvanA aura karma AdhArita hai| 1 parAtmanindAprazaMse sadasadguNocchAdanodbhAvane va nIce gotrasya / ' tadviparyayo nocairvRtyanutsekI cotarasya / paranindA, AtmaprazaMsA, sadguNoM kA ucchAdana aura asadguNoM kA udbhAvana ye nIcagotra karma ke Asava haiN| inakA viparyaya arthAt paraprazaMsA, AtmanindA Adi tathA namravRtti aura nirabhimAnitA ye uccagotra karma ke Asava spaSTa aura vaijJAnika vivecana hai U~ca nIca kaa| manuSya U~ca-nIca nahIM hote haiM unakI pravRtti / vRtti nIca yA U~ca hotI hai| dUsaroM ke sadguNoM kA apalApa karanA durguNoM kA piTArA batAnA svayaM para garva karate rahanA, dUsaroM kI avajJA aura apavAda karanA, kisI ke guNotkarSa ko nahIM samajhanA, sadaiva durAlocanA karanA, dUsaroM ke zrama para jInA, dUsare ke yaza kA 1. tavArthasUtra, 6/21. 2. vahI, 6/25. 3. vahI, 6/26. Page #216 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ apaharaNa karanA, dUsaroM ke zodha kI kRti ko apanI batAkara prazaMsA karAnA, nIcatA ke yotaka hai| aise karma karane vAle sabhI manuSya Aja bhI nIca haiM aura maraNoparAnta bhI nIca haiN| nIcatA durguNa kA pratibimba hai aura isake viparIta bhAva uccatA ke sUcaka haiM,aisA nIca AcaraNa karane vAle yadi svayaM para uccatA kA garva karate haiM. to kareM. vAstavikatA to viparIta hI hai| Aja vargabheda kI isa jvAlA ne rAjanIti kA ghRta grahaNa kara samAja ko viSAkta kara ddaalaa| jor3a-tor3a chIMTAkazI se basavava kulambakam kI bhAvanA ko AghAta pahu~cA hai / aise yuktisaMgata sUtra puruSArtha aura sanmArga kI vibhUti pradAna karate haiM tathA dUsare ke tila pramANa guNoM ko giripramANa dekhane kI dRSTi dete haiM tathA samAja ko saMkucita paridhiyoM se nikAlakara vizAlatA ke zikharoM para vicaraNa karAte haiN| sAmAjika jIvana Aja prAkRtika aura asahaja hotA jA rahA hai| pradUSaNa na kevala paryAvaraNa meM apitu vicAroM ke sUkSmaloka meM pahuMca gayA hai| nagarIkaraNa, audyogIkaraNa, yAtAyAta ke Adhunika yantra sAdhana, teja dhvani, dhuA~, aNuzakti kA prayoga, dUSita vAyu, dUSita jala, dUSita khAdya padArtha, pRthvI kI nirantara khudAI, vanoM kA kATA jAnA, reDiyodharmI, jaivika rasAyanika kacarA, mAMsAhAra kI bar3hatI pravRtti, pArasparika vaimanasya, arthalolupatA ne samAja ko rugNa banAyA hai| samAja meM zrama aura puruSArtha kI pratiSThA honI cAhie / puruSArtha se dharatI kA saundarya khilatA hai| samRddha samAja banatA hai tapatA nirjarA yaha sUtra puruSArtha kA mastakAbhiSeka aura kRtitva kI nIrAjanA hai| tapa bandhana va AvaraNa mukta karatA hai| puruSArtha kI tapasyA vighna-bAdhA lAne vAle tattvoM (karmoM) kA astitva samApta kara jIvana ko utkarSakArI tattvoM meM vRddhi karatI hai| aisA hI puruSArtha mAnava samAja ko niThallA, AlasI, karmahIna, bhAgyavAdI banane se rokakara use kundana banAtA hai| aisA hI puruSArtha manuSyatA ke lalATa para rolI kuMkuma kA tilaka karatA hai jo aise puruSArtha se ciMgArI nikalatI hai vaha sadaiva prakAza banatI hai| sAhasa ko samRddha karatI hai| AtmavizvAsa ko bar3hAtI hai aura pragati ke naye dvAra kholatI hai| tapa karane vAlA samAja hI apane madhya narapuMgava mahAmanA utpanna kara AdaraNIya banatA hai| zrama aura sAdhanA utkarSa ke mUla haiN| zrama hamArI eka-eka sAMsa ko sArthaka banA detA hai| zrama hI vaha pArasa patthara hai jo lohe ko sonA banA detA hai| jinhoMne yaha sUtra diyA ve AcArya svayaM hI usa zramaNa saMskRti ke bhAsvara nakSatra haiM jo dhamAdhArita haiN| vaM pauraveNa nivavi AdarAspada zaktimAna puruSa daiva kI upAsanA nahIM karate / samAja va samasta mAnava mAtra ke lie yaha preraka nirdeza mArgacyavananirjarAya pariSoDhavyA parIvahA: puruSArthI kA Atmabala va Atmateja vikasita karatA hai| puruSArthI ko preraNA detA hai kaSTa sahane kii| parISaha (kaSTa) sahane vAle apane mArga se cyuta nahIM hote, apitu aisA rAjamArga banAte haiM jo anya janoM ke lie itihAsa banatA hai| AcArya zrI ne prANI-cetanA ke kSIrasAgara ko mathakara usake antastala meM chipe ratnoM ko pahacAnA hai aura maulika anubhUtiyoM ke navIna ratnoM ko bhI bAhara nikAlakara samAja ke dhArmika evaM dArzanika vicAroM ke AvargoM se samAjopayogI siddhAntoM ko ubArakara mAnava ke mana:kSitija meM AdhyAtmika zikharoM ke saundarya ko isa prakAra citrita kiyA hai ki yugayama meM mAnava samAja vikAsapakSa kI bAdhAoM tathA vyavadhAnoM ko haTAne, mAnasa-granthiyoM ko sulajhAne evaM jIvanonnayana meM saphala ho skegii| 1. tatvAryasUtra, 9/3. 1. vahI, 9/1. Page #217 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ sallekhanA : samAdhi bhAratIya daNDa vidhAna ke pariprekSya meM anUpacandra jaina eDavokeTa sallekhanA kA artha- sallekhanA (sat + lekhanA) arthAt kAyA aura kaSAyoM ko acchI taraha se kRza karanA sallekhanA hai / ise samAdhimaraNa bhI kahate hai| mRtyu ke sannikaTa hone para sabhI prakAra ke viSAda ko chor3akara samatApUrvaka dehatyAga karanA hI samAdhimaraNa yA sallekhanA hai| jaina sAdhaka mAnava zarIra ko apanI sAdhanA kA sAdhana mAnate hue, jIvana paryanta usakA apekSita rakSaNa karatA hai, kintu atyanta bur3hApA, indriyoM kI zithilatA, atyadhika durbalatA athavA maraNa ke anya koI kAraNa upasthita hone para jaba zarIra usake sayama meM sAdhaka na hokara bAdhaka dikhane lagatA hai, taba use apanA zarIra apane lie hI bhArabhUta sA pratIta hone lagatA hai| aisI sthiti meM vaha socatA hai ki yaha zarIra to maiM kaI bAra prApta kara cukA hU~, isake vinaSTa hone para bhI yaha punaH mila sakatA hai| zarIra ke chUTa jAne para merA kucha bhI naSTa nahIM hogA, kintu jo vrata, saMyama aura dharma maiMne dhAraNa kiye haiM, ye mere jIvana kI amUlya nidhi hai / bar3I durlabhatA se inheM maiMne prApta kiyA hai| inakI mujhe surakSA karanI caahie| ina para kisI prakAra kI AMca na Aye, aise prayAsa mujhe karane cAhie, tAki mujhe bAra-bAra zarIra dhAraNa na karanA par3e aura mai apane abhISTa sukha ko prApta kara skuuN| yaha socakara vaha binA kisI viSAda ke prasannatA pUrvaka Atmacintana ke sAtha AhAra Adi kA kramazaH parityAga kara dehotsarga karane ko utsuka hotA hai, isI kA nAma sallekhanA hai / sallekhanA kA mahattva - sallekhanA ko sAdhanA kI antima kriyA kahA gayA hai / antima kriyA yAnI mRtyu ke samaya kI kriyA, ise sudhAranA arthAt kAya aura kaSAya ko kRza karake sanyAsa dhAraNa karanA, yahI jIvana bhara ke tapa kA phala hai| jisa prakAra varSa bhara vidyAlaya meM jAkara adhyayana karane vAlA vidyArthI yadi parIkSA meM nahIM baiThatA to usakI varSa bhara kI par3hAI nirarthaka ho jAtI hai, usI prakAra jIvana bhara sAdhanA karate rahane ke uparAnta bhI yadi sallekhanApUrvaka maraNa nahIM ho pAtA hai to sAdhanA kA vAstavika phala nahIM mila paataa| isaliye pratyeka sAdhaka ko sallekhanA avazya karanI caahie| muni aura zrAvaka donoM ke liye sallekhanA anivArya hai / yathAzakti isake liye prayAsa bhI karanA caahie| jisa prakAra yuddha kA abhyAsI puruSa raNAMgaNa meM saphalatA prApta karatA hai usI prakAra pUrva meM kie gae abhyAsa ke bala para hI sallekhanA prApta hotI hai / ata: jaba taka isa bhaya kA abhAva nahIM hotA, taba taka hameM pratisamaya saphalatApUrvaka maraNa ho, isa prakAra kA bhAva aura puruSArtha karanA caahie| vastutaH sallekhanA ke binA sAdhanA adhUrI hai| jisa prakAra mandira ke nirmANa ke bAda jaba taka usa para kalazArohaNa nahIM hotA, taba taka vaha zobhAspada nahIM lagatA, usI prakAra jIvana bhara kI sAdhanA, sallekhanA * phirojAbAda Page #218 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ sUnika ke binA adhUrI raha jAtI hai| sallekhanA sAdhanA ke maNDapa para kiyA jAne vAlA kalazArohaNa hai| grantharAja zrI tattvArthasUtra jI ke adhyAya sAta meM isakA vivecana kiyA gayA hai| maraNa ke bheda - maraNaM dvitricatuH paJcavidhaM vA / / 36 / / paJcAticArA // 37 | arthAt maraNa do, tIna, cAra athavA pAMca prakAra kA hai | 36 || maraNa ke do prakAra nityamaraNa aura tadbhavamaraNa ke bheda se maraNa do prakAra kA hai| pratisamaya Ayu Adi prANoM kA kSINa hote rahanA, nityamaraNa hai| ise AvIcimaraNa bhI kahate haiN| Ayu ke pUrNa hone para hone vAlA maraNa tadbhavamaraNa kahalAtA hai| maraNa ke tIna prakAra - bhakta - pratyAkhyAnamaraNa, iMginImaraNa aura prAyopagamanamaraNa ye maraNa ke tIna bheda haiN| sva-para kI vaiyAvRttipUrvaka hone vAlI sallekhanA athavA samAdhimaraNa ko bhaktapratyAkhyAnamaraNa kahate haiM / isameM AhAra Adi kA kramaza: tyAga karate hue zarIra aura kaSAyoM ko kRza kiyA jAtA hai| jisa sallekhanA meM para kI vaiyAvRtti svIkAra nahIM hotI usakI iMginI maraNa saMjJA hai| isa vidhi se sallekhanA dhAraNa karane vAle sAdhaka dUsaroM kI koI bhI sevA svIkAra nahIM krte| apane aura para ke upakAra kI apekSA se rahita sallekhanA ko prAyopagamanamaraNa kahate haiM / isa vidhi se samAdhimaraNa karane vAle sAdhaka dUsaroM kI sevA to svIkArate hI nahIM, svayaM bhI kisI prakAra kA upacAra / pratIkAra nahIM karate / ve sallekhanA dhAraNa karate samaya jisa sthiti yA mudrA meM rahate haiM, anta taka vaise hI rahate haiM, apane hAtha-paira taka nahIM hilAte / ve sabhI prakAra ke parISahoM aura upasargoM ko samatApUrvaka sahana karate haiN| uttamasaMhananadhArI munirAja hI isa vidhi se sallekhanA dhAraNa karate haiN| maraNa ke cAra bheda - samyaktvamaraNa, samAdhimaraNa, paMDitamaraNa aura vIramaraNa, ye maraNa ke cAra bheda haiN| samyaktva ke chUTe binA hone vAle maraNa samyaktvamaraNa haiN| dharmadhyAna aura zukladhyAna ke sAtha hone vAle maraNa ko samAdhi maraNa kahate haiM, bhaktapratyAkhyAna, iMginImaraNa athavA prAyopagamana vidhi se hone vAlA maraNa paMDitamaraNa kahalAtA hai| dhairya aura utsAha ke sAtha bheda vijJAna pUrvaka hone vAle maraNa kI vIramaraNa saMjJA hai| maraNa ke pAMca prakAra - bAla - bAlamaraNa, bAlamaraNa, bAlapaNDitamaraNa, paNDitamaraNa, paNDitapaNDitamaraNa maraNa ke ye pAMca prakAra haiN| mithyAdRSTi jIvoM kA maraNa bAlabAlamaraNa hai| asaMyata samyagdRSTi kA maraNa bAlamaraNa kahalAtA hai| dezavratI zrAvaka ke maraNa ko bAlapaNDitamaraNa kahate haiN| cAroM ArAdhanAoM se yukta nirgrantha muniyoM ke maraNa kA nAma paNDitamaraNa hai tathA kevalajJAnI bhagavAna kI nirvANopalabdhi paNDita paNDitamaraNa kahalAtI hai / samAdhi : sAmAnya lakSaNa - vayaNoddhAra kariva paricataM vIyarAyabhAveNa / jo zAyada appANaM paramasamAhI have tassa | 122 11 saMjayamaNiyamataveNa du dhammajjhANeNa sunakhajhAveNa / jo zAvara appANaM paramasamAhI have tassa || 123 // Page #219 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ garma vacanodvAra kI kriyA parityAga kara vItarAgabhAva se jo AtmA ko dhyAtA hai, use samAdhi saMyama, niyama aura tapa se tathA dharmadhyAna aura zukladhyAna se jo AtmA ko dhyAtA hai, usa parama haiM / / 123 samala-vidhappahaM jo vila paramasamAhi maNati / tena suhAsahabhAvaNA muNi sabalavi mellati // pa.pra.2/190 artha : jo samasta vikalpoM kA nAza honA, vahI parama samAdhi hai, isI se munirAja samasta zubhAzubha vikalpoM ko chor3a dete haiM | 190 11 yuje samAdhivacanasya yogasamAdhiH dhyAnamityanarthAntaram / - rA. vA. 6/9/12/505/27 artha : yoga kA artha dhyAna aura samAdhi bhI hotA hai / sameko bhAve vartate tathA ca prayoga saMgatatailaM saMgataghRtamityarthaM ekIbhUtaM tailaM ekIbhUtaM ghRtamityarthaH / samAdhAnaM manasaH ekAgratAkaraNa zubhopayogazuddhe vA / - bhaga. ArA. vi. 67 / 194 artha : mana ko ekAgra karanA, sama zabda kA artha ekarUpa karanA aisA hai jaise ghRta saMgata huA, ityAdi / mana ko zubhopayoga meM athavA zuddhopayoga meM ekAgra karanA yaha samAdhi zabda kA artha samajhanA / yatsamyakpariNAmeSu cittasyAdhAnamanasA / sa samAdhiriti jJeyasmRtirvA paramehinAm // ma. pu. 21 / 226 - taila saMgata huA artha : uttama pariNAmoM meM jo citta kA sthira rakhanA hai vahI yathArtha meM samAdhi yA samAdhAna hai athavA paMcaparameSThiyoM ke smaraNa ko samAdhi kahate haiM / sAmaya, svAsthya, samAdhi, yoganirodha aura zuddhopayoga ye samAdhi ke ekArthavAcI nAma haiN| dhyeya aura dhyAtA kA ekIkaraNa rUpa samarasI bhAva hI samAdhi hai / bahirantarjalpatvAgalakSaNa: yogaH svarUpe citanirodhalavAnaM samAdhiH / syA. ma. 17 / 229 'artha: bahiH aura antarjalpa ke tyAga svarUpa yoga hai aura svarUpa meM citta kA nirodha karanA samAdhi hai / jainadharma meM samAdhimaraNa kA bar3A mahattva hai aura ise eka paramAvazyaka anuSThAna mAnA gayA hai| jainAcAryoM kA kahanA hai ki samAdhimaraNa ke dvArA hI janma saphala ho sakatA hai| yaha kevala muniyoM ke liye nahIM varan gRhasthoM ke lie bhI Avazyaka hai| AcArya pravara svAmI samantabhadra ise tapa kA eka phala mAnate haiN| samAdhimaraNa ke liye koI tIrthakSetra yA puNyabhUmi uttama sthAna hai| vidhipUrvaka samAdhi-sAdhana ke lie zAstrajJa prabhAvazAlI AcArya kA honA bhI jarUrI hai| inheM ProfikAcArya kahA jAtA hai| sallekhanA kI pratijJA le lene para pUrva ke saMskAroM ke kAraNa kSapaka kA punaH punaH vicalita honA saMbhava hai| madhye hi pApatyamAmohAdapi yoginAm / Page #220 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ 15. baDebhabaLe yogiyoM ko bhI kaSAyoM ke sIna udaya se mana meM atyanta caMcalatA hotI hai| phira sAdhAraNa: puruSoM kI kyA sAlinca kI asthiratA aura durbalatA naSTa karane ke lie aura dharma meM sthira rahane ke lie yogya guru kA sAnidhya Avazyaka hai| vidhipUrvaka ekAgracitta se dhAraNa kI huI sallekhanA kA pratyakSa phala kaSAyoM kI mandatA aura parokSa phala paMcamagati arthAt mokSa hai / AcArya samantabhadra kahate haiM - . ...... PO , I ... pani amamamamyudayaM nistIraM dustaraM sukhAmbunidhim / . .. . nimbhivati pItadharmA sarve duHkhairanAlIDha // ra. zrA. 130 .. ! :: ... ...... arthAt samAdhimaraNa dhAraNa kara jinhoMne dharmAmRta pAna karate hue, AtmA ko pavitra kiyA hai ve svarga meM anupama abhyudaya ke svAmI banakara anta meM sampUrNa duHkhoM se rahita ho - jisakA kabhI vinAza (anta) nahIM aise atyanta durlabha mukti svarUpa sukhasAgara ke pAna meM nimagna ho jAte haiM arthAt samAdhimaraNa dvArA arjita dharma ke prasAda se svarga ke sAtha anta meM anukrama se mukti bhI prApta ho jAtI hai| MAYS ata: pratyeka vicArazIla gRhastha ko jainadharma ke anusAra samAdhimaraNa kI vidhi aura umarkI mahattA para vicAra kara .. . msrtime puNyalAbha uThAnA caahie| ...! sallekhanA nAtyAta nahIM - dehatyAga kI isa prakriyA ko nahIM samajha pAne ke kAraNa kucha loga ise AtmaghAta kahate haiM, parantu sallekhanA AtmadhAta nahIM hai| jainadharma meM AtmaghAta ko pApa-hiMsA evaM AtmA ko ahitakArI kahA gayA hai| yaha ThIka hai ki AtmaghAta aura sallekhanA, donoM meM prANoM kA vimocana hotA hai, para donoM kI manovRtti meM mahAn antara hai| AtmaghAta jIvana ke prati atyadhika nirAzA evaM tIvra mAnasika asantulana kI sthiti meM kiyA jAtA hai, jabaki sAlekhalA parama utsAha se samabhAva dhAraNa karake kI jAtI hai / AtmaghAta kaSAyoM se prerita hokara kiyA jAtA hai, to sallekhanA kA mUlAdhAra samatA hai| AtmaghAtI ko AtmA kI avinazvaratA kA bhAna nahIM hotA, vaha to jIvana ke bujha jAne kI taraha zarIra ke vinAza ko hI jIvana kI mukti samajhatA hai, jabaki sallekhanA kA pramukha AdhAra AtmA kI amaratA ko samajhakara apanI paraloka yAtrA ko sudhAranA hai| sallekhanA jIvana ke anta samaya meM zarIra kI atyadhika nirbalatA, anupayuktatA, bhArabhUtatA athavA maraNa ke samaya ke kisI anya kAraNa ke Ane para mRtyu ko aparihArya mAnakara kI jAtI hai, jabaki AtmaghAta jIvana ke kisI bhI kSaNa kiyA jA sakatA hai| AtmaghAtI pariNAmoM meM dInatA, bhIti aura udAsI pAyI jAtI hai, ise sallekhanA meM parama utsAha, nirbhIkatA aura vIratA kA sadbhAva pAyA jAtA hai / AtmaghAta vikRta cittavRtti kA pariNAma hai to sallekhanA nirvikAra mAnasikatA kA phala hai / AtmadhAta meM jahA~ marane kA lakSya hai, to sallekhanA kA dhyeya maraNa ke yogya paristhiti nirmita hone para aneka sadguNoM kI rakSA aura apane jIvana ke nirmANa kA hai| eka kA lakSya apane jIvana ko bigAr3anA, to dUsare kA lakSya jIvana ko saMvAranA hai| 1. AcArya zrI pUjyapAda svAmI ne sarvArthasiddhi meM eka udAharaNa se isI bAta ko spaSTa karate hue kahA hai ki kisI gRhastha ke ghara meM bahumUlya vastu rakhI ho aura kadAcita bhISaNA anti se ghara jalane lage, to vaha use yena-kena-prakAregA bujhAne kA prayAsa karatA hai| para harasambhava prayAsa ke bAda bhI, yadi Aga bekAbU hokara bar3hatI hI jAtI hai, to usa viSama paristhiti meM vaha catura vyakti apane makAna kA mamatva chor3akara bahumUlya vastuoM ko bacAne meM laga jAtA hai| usa gRhastha ko makAna kA vidhvaMsaka nahIM kahA jA sakatA, kyoMki usane apane aura se rakSA karane kI pUrI koziza kI, kintu jaba Page #221 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ rakSA asambhava ho gayI to eka kuzala vyakti ke nAte bahumUlya vastuoM kA saMrakSaNa karanA hI jAkara kartavya banatA hai| isI prakAra rogAdikoM se AkrAnta hone para ekadama se sallekhanA nahIM lI jAtI / sAdhaka to zarIra ko apanI sAdhanA kA vizeSa sAdhana samajha yathAsambhava rogAdikoM kA yogya upacAra / pratIkAra karatA hai, kintu, pUrI koziza karane para bhI jaba roga asAdhya dikhatA hai aura niHpratIkAra pratIta hotA hai, taba usa viSama paristhiti meM mRtyu ko avazyambhAvI, jAnakara apane vratoM kI rakSA meM udyata hotA huA, apane saMyama kI rakSA ke lie samabhAvapUrvaka mRtyurAja ke svAgata meM tatpara ho jAtA hai / sallekhanA ko AtmaghAta nahIM kahA jA sktaa| yaha to dehotsarga kI tarkasaMgata aura vaijJAnika paddhati hai, jisase amaratva kI upalabdhi hotI hai| AcArya zAntisAgara : saMbama se samAdhi 7 - nirvikalpa samAdhi tathA savikalpa samAdhi.. isa prakAra samAdhi do prakAra kI kahI hai| gRhastha yA kapar3oM meM rahane vAle savikalpa samAdhi kreNge| muni binA nirvikalpa samAdhi sambhava nahIM / . aura vastra chor3e binA muni pada hotA nahIM / bhAiyo ! Daro mata! muni pada dhAraNa karo / yathArtha saMyama hue binA nirvikalpa samAdhi nahIM hotii| nirvikalpa samAdhi hone para bhI samyaktva hotA hai, aisA kundakunda svAmI ne samayasAra meM kahA haiAtmAnubhava ke binA samyaktva nahIM hotA 4. -vyavahAra samyaktva ko upacAra kahA hai, - yaha yathArtha samyaktva nahIM hai| 'vaha to kevala sAdhana hai / jaise phala ke lie phUla kAraNabhUta hai, usI prakAra vyavahAra vyavahArasamyaktva kahalAtA hai| yaha yathArtha samyaktva nahIM hai| per samyaktva na tA hai ? nirvikalpa samAdhi ke hone para hotA hai| nirvikalpa samAdhi kaba hotI hai ? "vaha muni pada dhAraNa karane hotI hai| nirvikalpa samAdhi kA prArambha kaba hotA hai ? guNasthAna se prArambha hotA hai sAtaveM + 94 da 14 DASE POP ABPMA ka ' Late 12.1 1 met A upha eka maje N Ans philI pho ni: mara PPY "" Ph Page #222 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ aura vaha bArahaveM guNasthAna meM pUrNa hotA hai| terahaveM muNasthAna meM kevalajJAna hotA hai, aisA niyama hai / aisA zAstroM meM likhA hai, isalie - Daro mata! Daro mata ! saMyama dhAraNa kro| yaha to ApakA kalyANa karane vAlA hai| isake sivAya kalyANa nahIM ho sakatA hai| saMyama ke binA kalyANa nahIM hotaa| Atma-cintana ke binA kalyANa nahIM hotaa| sallekhanA aura bhAratIya daNDavidhAna : bhAratIya daNDavidhAna kI dhArA 306 ke anusAra yadi koI vyakti AtmahatyA karane kA prayAsa kare to jo koI aisI AtmahatyA kA duSpreraNa karegA, vaha donoM meM se, kisI bhAMti ke (sazrama yA sAdhAraNa) kArAvAsa se, jisakI avadhi dasa varSa taka kI ho sakegI, daNDita kiyA jAyegA aura jurmAna se bhI daNDanIya hogaa| dhArA 309 AtmahatyA karane kA prayatna, jo koI AtmahatyA karane kA prayatna karegA yA usa aparAdha ke karane ke lie kArya karegA, vaha sAdA kArAvAsa se, jisakI avadhi eka varSa taka kI ho sakegI yA jamAna se yA donoM se, daNDita kiyA jaayegaa| isa prakAra yaha spaSTa hai ki jahA~ AtmahatyA ke liye duSprerita karane vAle ko dasa varSa taka kI sajA aura jurmAne kA daNDa diyA jA sakatA hai vahIM jo vyakti AtmahatyA kA prayAsa karatA hai use eka varSa kI sajA yA jurmAne yA donoM se daNDita kiyA jA sakatA hai| yaha pahalA aparAdha hai jahA~ bhAratIya daNDavidhAna meM aparAdha karane ke pazcAt abhiyukta ko sajA nahIM milatI, kyoMki AtmahatyA ke pazcAt abhiyukta kA astitva hI samApta ho jAtA hai, kintu AtmahatyA ke lie duSprerita karane vAle ko aparAdha pUrNa hone ke bAda bhI sajA mila sakatI hai| ___ mAnanIya uccatama nyAyAlaya ne pI. rathInAma banAma bhArata sarakAra evaM anya ke prakaraNa meM nyAyamUrti Ara. ema. sahAya evaM nyAyamUrti bI. ela. haMsAriyA kI do sadasyIya khaNDapITha ne bhAratIya daNDasaMhitA kI dhArA 309 ko bhAratIya saMvidhAna ke anuccheda 21 ke pariprekSya meM maulika adhikAroM kA hanana ghoSita kiyA thaa| aura dinAMka 26 apraila 1994 ko die gae nirNaya meM dhArA 309 AI. pI. sI. ko saMvidhAna ke maulika adhikAroM kA ullaMghana mAnate hue avaidha ghoSita kara diyA thA sAtha hI yaha bhI avadhArita kiyA thA ki isa dhArA ko bhAratIya daNDavidhAna se haTA denA caahie| khaNDapITha ne isa nirNaya ke prArambha meM mahAtmA gAMdhI ko uddhata karate hue kahA ki - "gAMdhI jI ne eka bAra kahA thA ki mRtyu hamArI dosta hai, dosta kA vizvAsa kareM, yaha hameM AtaMka aura bhaya se mukti detI hai maiM nahIM cAhatA ki maiM asahAya aura lakave jaisI sthiti meM eka parAjita vyakti kI taraha cillAtA huA marUM / " isI nirNaya meM agrejI kavi viliyama enaveTa hainale kI yaha pakti bhI dI gaI hai ki - 'maiM svayaM kA mAlika hU~ aura apanI AtmA kA kaptAna / ' isa khaNDapITha ne saMvidhAna ke anuccheda 21 kI vyApaka samIkSA karate hue aura usake sAtha anuccheda 14 kI bhI Page #223 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ samIkSA karate hue yaha kahA thA ki bhAratIya saMvidhAna kA anuccheda 21 jahA~ vyakti ko jIvita rahane kA maulika adhikAra detA hai vahIM yaha anuccheda use marane kA bhI adhikAra detA hai| yadi koI vyakti kisI prakAra se pIr3ita hai aura vaha AtmahatyA kA prayAsa karatA hai to use daNDita nahIM kiyA jAnA caahie| isa nirNaya ke anusAra AtmahatyA kA prayAsa kisI dharma, naitikatA yA sArvajanika nIti kA virodhI bhI nahIM hai| isa nirNaya meM vidhi Ayoga dvArA dI gaI riporTa saMkhyA 42/1971 jisa ke anusAra AtmahatyA ke prayAsa ko anaucityapUrNa mAnA gayA aura dhArA 309 ko nirasta karane kA sujhAva diyA gyaa| kintu saMsada kI vibhinna takanIki kAraNoM se vaha vidhi kA rUpa nahIM le sakA, lagabhaga 20 pRSThoM ke nirNaya meM uparyukta nyAyamUrtiyoM ne yaha avadhArita kiyA ki dhArA 309 bhAratIya daNDasaMhitA ke anuccheda 21 meM diye gae maulika adhikAroM kA ullaMghana karatI hai aura isIliye use haTAyA jAnA caahie| isa nirNaya se kisI bhI kAraNa se kI gaI AtmahatyA ke prayAsa ko daNDanIya nahIM mAnA gayA kintu yaha nirNaya bahuta dinoM taka prabhAvI nahIM raha skaa| isase pahale ki nirNaya ko lekara bhAratIya saMsada kAnUna me koI parivartana yA sazodhana karatI mAnanIya uccatama nyAyAlaya kI pAMca sadasyIya khaNDapITha jisameM nyAyamUrti zrI je. esa. varmA, zrI jI. ena. re, zrI esa. pI. siha, zrI phaijuddIna evaM zrI jI. TI. nAnAvaTI the ne zrImatI jJAnakora banAma sTeTa Apha pajAba eva anya apIloM meM eka sAtha dinA~ka 21-3-96 ko diye gae nirNaya meM 1994 ke nirNaya ko palaTa diyA / aura unhoMne isa nirNaya meM yaha avadhArita kiyA ki bhAratIya saMvidhAna kA anuccheda 21 jIne kA adhikAra kisI bhI rUpa meM marane ke adhikAra ko zAmila nahIM karatA / jIvana samApti jIvana kA saMrakSaNa nahIM kahI jA sktii| isIliye bhAratIya daNDavidhAna kI dhArA 309 jisameM AtmahatyA ke prayAsa ko daNDanIya ThaharAyA gayA hai ko kisI bhI prakAra se bhArata ke saMvidhAna ke anuccheda 21 kA ullaMghana nahIM karatI aura avaidha na hokara vaidha hai| lagabhaga dasa pRSThoM meM die gae nirNaya meM nyAyAlaya ne dhArA 306 aura 309 ko vaidha ThaharAyA aura san 1994 meM mAnanIya uccatama nyAyAlaya tathA 1987 meM bambaI ucca nyAyAlaya dvArA die gae nirNayoM ko palaTa diyaa| isa prakAra vaidhAnika rUpa se AtmahatyA kA prayAsa yA usake liye kiyA jAne vAlA duSpreraNa aparAdha kI zreNI meM AtA hai aura vaha bhAratIya daNDavidhAna ke antargata daNDanIya hai, kintu sallekhanA pUrvaka kiyA gayA samAdhimaraNa AtmahatyA ke prayAsa yA AtmahatyA nahIM kahI jA sktii| kisI vidvAn kavi ne zAyada aisI mRtyu ke lie hI likhA thA - . nirbhaya svAgata karo mRtyu kA, mRtyu eka vidhAma sthala hai| / bairisTara campatarAya jaina ne aise samAdhimaraNa ko mRtyu mahotsava kahA thaa| jaina samAja meM AcAryapravara zAntisAgara jI mahArAja, pUjya kSullaka gaNezaprasAda varNI kI sallekhanAe~ aura samAdhi itihAsa ke svarNima pRSTha bana cuke haiN| hamAre nagara phirojAbAda meM bhI varSa 1979 meM AcArya kunthusAgara jI mahArAja kI dAI jAMgha para phor3A thA kintu anta taka caitanya rahate hue Atma sAdhanA kI aura samAdhi prApta kI usake uparAnta jaina aura jainetara logoM kI hajAroM kI upasthiti ne mRtyu mahotsava manA kara unakA antima saMskAra kiyA / santa vinobA bhAve ne bhI apane jIvana kI antima sAMse vastra pahane sallekhanA pUrvaka samApta kI thI / rASTra santa AcArya vidyAnanda jI ne bhI baDauta meM niyama sallekhanA lI hai| jisakI avadhi 12 varSa kI hotI hai| niSkarSa meM yahI kahA jA sakatA hai ki sallekhanA dvArA kiyA gayA samAdhimaraNa na to AtmahatyA hai aura na AtmahatyA kA pryaas| Page #224 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ pin . .. sandarbhamavI . ". Try ngi TRAEES . I 13, tyr 13 17,1 klAsvavikhA munizrI pramANasAgara, bhAratIya jJAnapITha, dillI . . . 5.72 vAtsalya ralAkara - sallekhanA AtmahatyA nahIM - alamasta nirmalacanda jaina ! . . jainendra siddhAnta koSa, bhAga 4 bhAratIya jJAnapITha, dillI 4. AcArya zAntisAgara jI kA antima upadeza - jaina gajaTa, 10 jUna 2004 5. tattvArthasUtra, adhyAya ? 6. bhAratIya saMvidhAna anuccheda 14 aura 21 7. bhAratIya daNDavidhAna, dhArA 306-9 8. kriminala lA janarala, 1987 pR. 743 9. kriminala laoN janarala, 1996 pR. 1660 10. ilAhAbAda kriminala keseja 1994, saplImenTa pR. 73 11. amara ujAlA, AgarA, agasta 2004 12. English Verseni of S. 306 P. A-14 13. English Verseni of S. 309 P. A-15 aTaicI nahIM aTaicamenTa cAhiye pUjyamuni zrI pramANasAgara jI mahArAja kA dinAMka 2-12-08 ko 'vihAra huaa| bar3I saMkhyA meM unake sAtha loga cala rahe the| abhI 9-2 kilomITara hI gaye the ki zrI sanata jaina (avantikA) ne siM. jayakumAra jI se pUchA - 'baI" bhaiyA ApakI aTecI kahA~ haiM ? siM. jayakumAra uttara dete ki isake pUrva mahArAja, , zrI bola par3e - 'aTaicI kI kyA jarUrata hai ? aTaicamekTa honA cAhiye, sArI byavasthAyeM svayaM bama jAtI haiN|' ' Page #225 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ ' AS PER TOTraineratima ratis, He Ka FREETTE . Hos. tAjAvAna malya arrifier PRATEENERAHARASHTR A Test MEET THI - , - RE ! 7 th AT 15 ..] : rendamArabana bhAratI MER AcArya umAsvAmI vicita tatvArthasUtra eka aisI kAlajayI kRti hai, jisameM samAja, rASTra evaM vizva kI hita nihita hai| yaha mArga batAtI hai, usa para calanA sikhAtI hai aura lakSya taka pahu~cAtI hai| prAyaH kRtiyoM meM yaha kama hI dekhane ko milatA hai| sUtra ke viSaya meM kahA gayA hai ki .. . .rint pariya alpAvaramasAdagdha sAravadgatAmaNayam / ... nidApotamattatatva, manamityajyate // ... - arthAt jisameM alpa akSara hoM, jo asaMdigdha hoM, jisameM sAra arthAt nicor3a bhara diyA gayA ho, jisameM rahasya bharA ho, jo nirdoSa ho, sayuktika ho aura tathyabhUta ho, use sUtra kahate haiN| isa prakAra yaha tattvArthasUtra grantha apane sUtra svabhAva ke kAraNa bhI jIvana ke lie upayogI hai, kyoMki asaMdigdha, sArabhUta, rahasyamaya, nirdoSa, sayuktika, tathyabhUta jIvana hI to saba jInA cAhate haiM aba yaha alaga bAta hai ki ve aisA jIvana jI pAya yA nahIM, kyoMki pUrvakRta kamI ke pariNAma aura paristhitiyoM kI anukUlatA pratikUlatA bhI isameM sahAyaka aura nimitta banatI hai| ''jIvanamUlyoM para vicAra kareM, isake pUrva yaha jAnanA jarurI hai ki "jIvanamUlya' kise kahate hai ! bhAratIya saMskRti meM manuSya ko aham sthAna prApta hai tAki vaha prANI mAtra ke hitoM kA anurakSaNa kara ske| manuSya meM jijJAsA bhI hai aura jijIviSA bhI, jAgRti bhI hai aura jIvana jIne kI kalA kA jJAna karane kI kSamatA bhI / jaba vaha svArtha ke vazIbhUta hotA hai taba bhI unake mana meM parivAra evaM samAja ke poSaNa kA bhAva uddIpta rahatA hai| yahI usakA viveka hai jisane use sahI manuSya ke rUpa meM pratiSThita kiyA, usake jIvana ko malyavAna banAyo / manaSya malataH 'naitikaprANI hai kyoMki vaha svayaM kA vikAsa cAhatA hai / vaha dUsaroM ke vikAsa ko avaruddha nahIM karatA kyoMki vaha sAmAjika kahalAnA pasanda karatA hai| vaha vicArazIla prANI hai ata: svayaM ko aura dUsaroM ko jIvana jIne ke lie mUlya nirdhArita karatA hai| manuSya ko garimA mUlyoM se prApta hotI hai, una mUlyoM se jinake lie vaha saMgharSa karatA hai, jinake lie vaha jItA hai| :. * jisakA kucha bhUla ho use mUlya kahate haiN| bhUla' arthAt jar3a arthAt jisakA astitva hai vaha mUlya hai| bhAratIya paramparA meM 'mUlya ke samAnArthI mAna', 'mAnadaNDa', 'pratimAna', 'mAnyatAeM Adi zabda pracalita hai| Aja mUlya ko aMgrejI ke Value (velyU) ke rUpa meM prastuta kiyA jAtA hai, jise vaizvika svIkRti prApta hai / Value zabda leTina bhASA ke Valere (valere) se banA hai jisakA artha acchA, sundara hotA hai| ise To Be strong arthAt tAkatavara hone ke artha meM bhI prayukta kiyA jAtA hai / olDa phreMca bhASA meM isake lie Valoir (valavAra) zabda milatA hai jisase velyU" Valve bnaa| yaha Vaoir zabda Worth bartha arthAt lAyaka yogya ke artha kA sUcaka hai| yahA~ prazna uThatA hai ki AdamI kI Varile velyU, mUlya * ela-65, nyU indirAnagara, e, burahAnapura - Page #226 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ kisase hai ? to uttara hogA ki usakI samAja meM svIkAryatA kitanI hai ? samAja meM svIkAryatA ke lie dekhA jAyegA ki vaha kitanA yogya hai ? aura yaha yogyatA vyakti kI guNAtmakatA se AtI hai| AdamI apanI 'velyU' bar3hAnA cAhatA hai kyoMki vaha tAkatavara honA cAhatA hai| aMgrejI velyU niyaMtrita nahIM karatA kintu bhAratIya mUlya niyaMtrita karatA hai| ___ bhAratIya saMskRti meM 'satyaM zivaM sundaram' ko mUlya ke rUpa meM Adya udghoSa mAnA jA sakatA hai / mUlya vaiyaktika na hokara vRhattara sAmAjika sandarbho ko apane meM samAye rahate haiN| mUlya preraka to hote hI haiM, sAtha hI icchita guNAtmaka vikAsa ko bhI lakSya banAte haiN| 'pleTo' ke anusAra 'mUlya' meM 'sarvocca zubha' kA vidhAna hotA hai| kucha loga mUlyoM ko paristhitijanya mAnate haiM kintu aise mUlya dIrghakAlIna U~cAIyoM kA sparza nahIM kara pAte / mUlya to zubha, zreSTha, sarvottama evaM zucitA ke mAnaka hote haiN| mUlya mAtra AcAra-niyamoM se sambandhita nahIM haiM ve to saskRtiniSTha hote haiN| bhAratIya saMskRti meM puruSArtha ko punIta lakSya mAnA gayA hai jisakA mahattvapUrNa tattva dharma hai| zrIdevIprasAda gupta ke anusAra - "hamAre mahAkAvyoM kA uddezya dharma, artha, kAma aura mokSa kI arthAt caturvarga phalaprApti mAnA gayA hai / isameM pratipAdita zAzvata jIvanamUlya bhoga, yoga aura karma haiN|'' DaoN. sarvapallI rAdhAkRSNan ne puruSArtha ko jIvanamUlya mAnA hai| ve bhAratIya saMskRti ke yogyatama anusandhAtA the| unakI dRSTi meM "apanA astitva banAye rakhanA, AtmA kI nirmalatA ko banAye rakhanA hI jIvana kA lakSya hai| mAnava kevala bhautika sampatti aura jJAnArjana se hI santuSTa nahIM raha sktaa| usakA dhyeya hai Atma-sAkSAtkAra krnaa|"2 ____dharma ke viSaya meM bhAratIya dhAraNA 'dharmo rakSati rakSita:' kI hai arthAt jo dharma kI rakSA karatA hai dharma usakI rakSA karatA hai| 'mAnavikI pAribhASika koza' ke anusAra - "sAhityakAra apanI kRti meM jina anubhUtiyoM kI abhivyakti karatA hai athavA jina mana:sthitiyoM ko vyaMjita karatA hai ve sAdhAraNa jIvana kI anubhUtiyoM evaM manaHsthitiyoM se zreSTha evaM adhika mUlyavAn haiM, vahI zreSTha anubhUtiyoM ko mUlyoM ke rUpa meM grahaNa kiyA jAtA hai|'' nIla je. smelasara ke anusAra - 'mUlya aisI vAMchanIya sAdhya sthitiyoM haiM jo mAnavIya vyavahAra ke lie patha-pradarzaka kA kArya karatI haiM athavA ve tarkasaMgata sAdhyoM ke aise sarvAdhika vyApaka vivaraNa haiM jo sAmAjika kriyAkalApoM kA mArgadarzana karate haiN| DaoN. kumAra vimala ke anusAra - 'mUlya kA artha hai jIvanadRSTi yA sthApita vaicArika ikAI, jise hama sakriya 'naoNrma' bhI kaha sakate haiN| DaoN. devarAja ne kahA hai ki - "mUlya kise kahate haiM ? isa prazna kA uttara isa dUsare prazna ke uttara se sambandhita hai ki manuSya kina cIjoM ko mUlyavAn samajhate haiM / antataH mUlyavAna vastu vaha hai jisakI manuSya kAmanA karatA 1.hindI mahAkAvya : siddhAnta aura mUlyAMkana, devIprasAda gupta, pR. 23 2. pUrva-pazcima - bhAratIya jIvana : DaoN. sarvapallI rAdhAkRSNan, pR.9 i.mAnavikI pAribhASika koza : sampA. DaoN. nagendra, pR. 267 4. nIlabesmailasara bIDa 5. kamAra vimala mAlocanA' (mAsika) akTUbara-disambara, aMka 67, pR. 64 Page #227 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ samAjazAstrIya dukhIma ke pAnusAra - "vyakti kI apekSA samAja hI mUlyoM kA sarvaprathama nirmAtA antima mAnadaNDa aura antima uddezya hai|"1 . ukta paribhASAmoM ke sandarbha se jor3akara dekheM to 'mUlya' ko hama mAnavIya vyavahAra ko niyantrita karane vAle, manuSya ko zreSTha, zreSTha se zreSThatama banAne vAle kAraka yA mAnaka mAna sakate haiM, jisakA lakSya samAjonmukha banAkara vyakti ke vikAsa ko pUrNatA pradAna karanA, mArgadarzana karanA hotA hai / mUkhya hamezA sAmAjika sandarbho se jur3e hote haiM tathA samAja dvArA svIkRta hote haiN| yahAM taka ki yadi vyakti vizeSa ke mUlya samAjopayogI hoM to ve bhI samAja dvArA svIkAra kara liye jAte haiN| aNuvrata anuzAstA AcArya zrI tulasI ne jIvanamUlya viSayaka apane vicAroM meM kahA hai - "mUlya kyA hai ? jo jIvana ke mUlabhUta tattva haiM, unhIM kA nAma mUlya hai| jo jIvana ko banAne yA saMvArane vAle maulika tatva haiM unhIM kA nAma mUlya hai| jahA~ maulikatA samApta ho jAtI hai, vahA~ vijAtIya tattvoM ko khulakara khelane kA maukA mila jAtA hai| saralatA, sahanazIlatA, komalatA, abhaya, satya, karuNA, dhRti, prAmANikatA, saMtulana Adi aise guNa haiM jinako jIvanamUlyoM ke rUpa meM vyAkhyAyita kiyA jA sakatA hai|"2 DaoN. dharmavIra bhAratI ke anusAra - "manuSya apane meM svata: sArthaka aura mUlyavAna hai - vaha Antarika zaktiyoM se sampanna, cetanastara para apanI niyati ke nirmANa ke lie svata: nirNaya lene vAlA prANI hai|" sAhitya meM hita kA bhAva vidyamAna rahatA hai isIlie vaha sAhitya hai| mAnava jIvana sAhitya kA mUla viSaya hai jise sArthaka vaktavyoM se sajAyA jAtA hai / sAhitya kI sArthakatA hI jIvanamUlyoM meM nihita hotI hai / ye ve mUlya haiM jo mAnava jIvana ke yathArtha se avagata karAkara use Adarza sthiti taka le jAte haiM / DaoN. zambhUnAthasiMha ke anusAra - "sAhitya meM jIvanamUlya Upara se Aropita nahIM hote, balki ve sAhityakAra ke anubhUta satya hote haiM jo unakI Atmopalabdhi kI prakriyA meM rUpAyita hokara apanI sundaratA, udAttatA aura mahattA ke kAraNa samAja dvArA jAvana mUlyA ka rUpa ma svAkRta kiye jAte haiN|" ye jIvanamUlya manuSya ko prabhAvita evaM niyantrita karate haiN| manuSya ko zoSaNa se bacAte haiM, svacchanda jIvana para virAma lagAte haiM aura yaha AbhAsa dilAte rahate haiM ki tuma eka zreSTha manuSya bano, apanI zreSThatA ko nikhAro / ina jIvana mUlyoM ke mUla meM yaha bhAvanA hai ki "nahi mAnuSAt kazcit mahattaraM vidyate" arthAt manuSya se zreSTha kucha bhI nahIM hai| ye jIvana mUlya sukha evaM zAnti vidhAyaka hote haiN| tattvArthasUtra ke kartA AcArya umAsvAmI apanI sAdhanA evaM prakhara vidvattA ke lie vikhyAta haiN| ve mUlyavAna jIvana jIte hue santatva kI koTi meM pahuMce, yaha unake racanAkarma se spaSTa hai / jisa tattvArthasUtra grantha kI racanA unhoMne bhavya jIvoM ke kalyANa kI kAmanA se anugrahapUrvaka kI ho unakA svayaM kA jIvana to mUlyavAna hogA hii| yadyapi 'tattvArthasUtra' siddhAntagrantha hai, kintu isameM jIvanamUlyoM kA samAveza bhI prasaMgavazAt AyA hai unhIM ko prastuta karanA hamArA abhipreta 1. saundarSamUlya aura mUlyAMkana, pR.1 2. aNuvrata (mAsika), varSa 46, aMka 10, pR.2 3. mAnavamUlya aura sAhitya : DaoN. dharmavIra bhAratI, bhUmikA -1, pR. 10 Page #228 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ hai|svaarysuuc' meMekasUtra mAyA hai- "mAmleiccho do prakAra ke manuSyoM kI koTilA eka Arya aura dUsare mleccha / jo apane guNa-karma se zreSTha haiM ve Arya haiM aura jo guNa karma se hIna AcaraNa vAle haiM lenA hai|yhaaN Arya jIvana hI jIvana mUlyoM se samanvita jIvana mAnA jA sakatA hai| aisA prazasta AcaraNa hI puNyakarma hai aura aprazasta AvaraNa se pApa kA Asava hotA hai - "amaH puSpasyAmA pAgala" tatvArthasUtra meM Apata pramukha jIvAsa mUlya isa ___tattvArthasUtra" ke anusAra - "parasparopagraho jIvAnAm' arthAt jIva paraspara upakAra karate haiN| yadyapi yaha jIvadravya ke prasaMga meM hai, kinta bhadra akAlakadeva ne 'tattvArthavArtika' meM likhA hai ki "paraspara zabda karma vyatihAra arthAta kriyA ke AdAna-pradAna ko kahatA hai| svAmI-sevaka, guru-ziSya Adi rUpa se vyavahAra parasparopagraha hai| svAmI rUpayA dekara tathA sevaka hitapratipAdana aura mahitapratiSedha ke dvArA paraspara upakAra karate haiN| guru ubhayaloka kA hitakArI mArga vikhAkara tathA AcaraNa karAke bhaura ziSya guru kI anukUlavRtti se paraspara ke upakAra me pravRtta hote hai / svopakAra aura paropakAra ko anugraha kahate haiN| puNya kA sacaya svopakAra hai aura pAtra kI samyagjJAna Adi kI vRddhi paropakAra hai|"5 jinake mana meM paraspara anugraha kI bhAvanA nahI hai ve 'vasudhaiva kuTumbakam' kI bhAvanA se koso dUra hai| 'hitopadeza' meM AyA hai ki - aba nijaH paro veti gaNanA lapuNetasAm / ___ udAracaritAnAM tu basumaiva kuTumbakam // arthAt yaha merA hai, yaha usakA hai, aisA sakIrNa dRSTikoNa vAle loga socate hai / udAracarita kAlo ke lie to pUrA vizva hI eka parivAra hai| - AcArya zrI vidyAsAgara jI mahArAja ne isa vaizvika jIvanamUlya ke prati badalate soca evaM vyavahAra ko isa rUpa meM varNita kiyA hai 'vasudhaiva kuTumbakam' isakA AdhunikIkaraNa huA hai vasu yAnI dhana-dravya dhana hI kuTumba bana gayA hai dhana hI mukuTa bana gayA hai jIvana kaa| 1. tasvArthasUtra : bhAcArya umAsvAmI, 3/36 2. tattvArthasUtra, 6/3 3. vahI, 5/21 4. tatvArSavArtika, 5/21/1-2 5. vahI,1/38/ 6.hitopadeza, 7.mUkamATI, bhAcArya vidyAsAgara, pa.82 - Page #229 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ artha kI isa miyA ne hamArA patana nirlajjatA kI sImA taka kara diyA hai 100 ki - yaha kaTu satya hai ki artha kI A~kheM paramArtha ko dekha nahIM sa ty Pat artha kI lipsA ne, bar3oM bar3oM ko? nirlajja banAyA hai / ' paM. javAharalAla ne kahA thA ki koI bhI rASTra mahAna nahIM ho sakatA hai, jisake loga vicAra yA kArya ke saMkIrNa ho / ' yaha vAstavikatA hai, ki 'parasparopagraha' ke binA jIvana nirvAha nahIM ho sakatA, bhale hI upakRta hone vAle ise svIkAra na kreN| svArthI kA saMsAra nahIM hotA, vaha to usake vinAza kA hI kRtya hai| 'kAmAyanI' meM zrIjayazaMkaraprasAdakahate haiM ki Note w 3. tattvAryasUtra, 6/25 4. vahI, 6/26 5. vahI, 7/11 apane meM saba kucha para kaise vyakti vikAsa karegA, yaha ekAnta svArtha bhISaNa hai apanA nAza karegA // " paranindA nahIM, AtmaprazaMsA nahIM tattvArthasUtra meM nIcagotra ke Asava ke kAraNoM meM batAyA hai ki parAtmanivAse sadasadguNocchAdanodbhAvane ca. nIcaisma' arthAt dUsare kI niMdA aura apanI prazaMsA, dUsare ke vidyamAna guNoM ko Dha~kanA aura apane avidyamAna guNoM kA prakAza karanA nIcagotra karma Asrava ke kAraNa haiN| ucca vyaktitva banAne ke lie laghutA AnA Avazyaka hai. 1. gurudeva ravIndranAtha Taigora kahate the ki - "maiM jisakI prazaMsA nahIM kara sakatA usakI niMdA karane meM mujhe lAja AtI hai|12 ata: para niMdA aura AtmaprazaMsA se bacanA cAhie aura yadi koI hamArI niMdA karatA ho to hameM usakA upakAra mAnanA cAhie ki vaha hameM sajaga rakha rahA hai| niMdaka ko to nikaTa rakhane kI bAta kI gayI hai.. Po niMdaka niyare rAkhie AMgana kuTI havAya / bina pAnI sAbuna binA nirmala kare subhAya || 1. mUkamATI, pR. 192 2. kAmAyanI, jayazaMkaraprasAda, pR. 82 130 Amoda VIR ucca gotra pAne ke lie dUsare kI prazaMsA, apanI niMdA karanA, dUsare ke acche guNoM ko prakaTa karanA aura a asamIcIna guNoM ko DhakanA, apane samIcIna guNoM ko bhI prakaTa na karanA mAnA hai|' prakArAntara se vinaya aura durbhAvahInatA jIvana ke hita ke lie Avazyaka hai| maitrI "st ka RSS samyagdarzana kI 4 bhAvanAyeM mAnI gayI haiM / tattvArthasUtra meM vrata kI rakSA ke lie inheM jarUrI mAnA hai. "maitrIpramoda kAruNyamAdhyasthAni ca sattva-guNAdhikaklizyamAnA'vinayeSu"" arthAt prANImAtra ke prati maitrIbhAva, 12541 Tin moi tai nan PR This Pa Page #230 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ 174/ tatvArtha-nika adhikaguNA vAloM ke prati pramoda (harSa, prasannatA), duHkhI jIvoM ke prati karuNA aura haThagrAhI, durAgrahI, pApI janoM ke prati mAdhyasthabhAva rakhanA caahie| AcArya amitagati ne bhI likhA hai - satyeSu maitrIM guNiSu pramoda, kliheSu jIveSu kRpA paratvam / mAdhyasthabhAva viparItavRttI, sadA mamAtmA vidadhAtu deva ! // " - 'sarvArthasiddhi' meM pUjyapAda svAmI ne 'pareSAM duHkhAnutpattyabhilASI maitrI' likhakara dUsaroM ko duHkha na ho aisI abhilASA rakhane ko maitrI mAnA hai| bhaTTa akalaMkadeva ne 'tattvAryavArtika' meM mana, vacana, kAya, kRta, kArita, anumodana, hara prakAra se dUsare ko duHkha na hone dene kI abhilASA ko maitrI kahA hai| maitrI bhAva saha astitva kA sUcaka hai| saMsAra meM aisA kauna prANI hai jo jInA nahIM cAhatA ho, taba hama kyoM na choTe-bar3e kA bheda bhulAkara mitratA ke aTUTa bandhana meM ba~dhate hue sva-parahita kI kAmanA kreN| harivaMzarAya baccana ne ThIka hI likhA hai - saropA ApakA kisI se choTA bhI ho sakatA hai| insAna ApakA kisI se bhI choTA nahIM // hara samAna kI mA~ga rahatI hai ki saba samAna hoM, jo vidhi ke vidhAnAnusAra bhale hI saMbhava nahIM ho, kintu maitrI ise saMbhava banA sakatI hai| pramoda - guNIjanoM ko dekhakara citta kA prasanna honA pramodabhAva hai| mukha kI prasannatA, netra kA AhlAda, romAJca, stuti, sadguNakIrtana Adi ke dvArA prakaTa hone vAlI antaraMga kI bhakti aura rAga pramoda hai| vyakti ko samyagdarzana, jJAna, cAritrAdhika guNI janoM kI vandanA, stuti, sevA Adi ke dvArA pramoda bhAvanA bhAnI caahie|' karuNA - "bInAnugrahabhAvaH kAruNyam" arthAt dInoM para dayAbhAva rakhanA kAruNya hai| zarIra aura mAnasa duHkhoM se pIDita dIna prANiyoM para anugraha rUpa bhAva kAruNya hai| mohAbhibhUta kumati, kuzruta aura vibhaMgajJAnayukta viSaya tRSNA se jalane bAle hitAhita meM viparIta pravRtti karane vAle, vividha duHkhoM se pIDita dIna, anAtha, kRpaNa, bAla-vRddha Adi klizyamAna jIvoM meM karuNAbhAva rakhanA caahie|' 1. AcArya amitagati, 2. sarvArthasiddhi, AcArya pUjyapAda, 7/11/683 3. tattvArthavArtika, 7/11/1 4. baccana racanAvalI, (kaTatI pratimAoM kI AvAja ) 3 / 237 5. tatvArthavArtika, 7/11/1-4 6. vahI, 7/11/5-7 7. vahI, 7/11/3 8. vahI, 7/11/5-8 Page #231 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ - mAmyaba- "rAyopapUrvaka pApAtAbhAvo mAdhyastham' arthAt rAgadveSapUrvaka pakSapAta na karanA mAdhyastha hai| rAgadveSapUrvaka kisI eka pakSa meM na par3ane ke bhAva ko mAdhyastha yA taTastha bhAva kahate haiN| grahaNa, dhAraNa, vijJAna aura UhApoha se rahita mahAmohAbhibhUta viparIta dRSTi aura viruddhabRtti vAle prANiyoM meM mAdhyastha kI bhAvanA rakhanI caahie| puruvApaMcAya dharma, artha, kAma aura mokSa ye cAra puruSArtha mAne gaye haiN| tattvArthasUtra meM yadyapi ina cAroM ke viSaya meM eka sAtha puruSArtha rUpa koI sUtra nahIM AyA hai / kintu prathama adhyAya ke sUtra 1 meM - 'sampayanazAnacArivANi mokSamArga: kahakara cAritra aura mokSa kA ullekha mila jAtA hai jo dharma aura mokSa puruSArtha ko vyaMjita karate haiN| cArita balu dhammo aisA AcArya kundakunda deva ne kahA hI hai / tattvArthasUtra ke dazave adhyAya meM 'bandhahetvabhAvanirjarAmyAM kRtsnakarmavipramoko mobaH' meM mokSa ko paribhASita kiyA hai / artha puruSArtha ko hama tattvArthasUtra ke saptama adhyAya ke eka sUtra meM Agata parigraha zabda aura 'mavattAdAna steyam' arthAt binA dI gaI vastu kA grahaNa karanA corI hai tathA acauryANuvrata ke avicAra batAne vAle sUtra 'stenaprayogatavAhatAdAnaviruddharAjyAtikamahInAdhikamAnommAnapratirUpakavyavahArA:' arthAt stenaprayoga, tadAhRtAdAna, viruddharAjyAtikrama, hInAdhikamAnonmAna aura pratirUpaka vyavahAra (milAvaTa) ke mAdhyama se batAyA hai ki artha puruSArthI ke lie yaha karma vaya' hai| kAma puruSArtha tattvArthasUtra ke adhyAya 7 ke aTThAisaveM sUtra se jJAta hotA hai jisake mAdhyama se batAyA hai ki kAmaparuSArthI ko ekadeza brahmacarya vrata kA pAlana karate hue usake atIcAroM se bacanA caahie| ye aticAra haiM - 'paravivAhakaraNetvarikAparigRhItAparigRhIvAgamanAnaGgakrIDAkAmatIvrAbhinivezAH / arthAt paravivAhakaraNa (dUsare ke putra-putriyoM kA vivAha karanA, karAnA), aparigRhIta itvarikAgamana (pati rahita vyabhicAriNI striyoM ke yahA~ AnA-jAnA), parigRhItaitvarikAgamana (patisahita vyabhicAriNI striyo ke pAsa AnA-jAnA), anaMgakrIr3A (kAmasevana ke lie nizcita aMgoM ko chor3akara anya aMgoM se kAmasevana karanA), kAmatIvrAbhiniveza (kAmasevana kI tIvra lAlasA rakhanA) / kAma puruSArthI ko ina doSoM se bacanA caahie| __ mAnava hone kA matalaba mAtra jInA nahIM hai kyoMki jI to pazu-pakSI bhI lete haiN| AhAra, nidrA, bhaya aura maithuna pazu aura manuSyoM meM samAna haiM kintu viveka sammata AcaraNa to manuSya hI kara sakatA hai ata: usake jIvana kA lakSya sanizcita honA hI caahie| dharma se niyaMtrita jIvana meM hI mAnavIyatA ke darzana ho sakate haiN| - 1. sarvArthasiddhi,7/11/683 2. tatvArthavArtika 1/1/1-4 .. 3. vahI,7/11/5-7 4. tatvArthasUtra, 1/1 5. AcArya kundakunda : pravacanasAra gAthAn 6.sasvArthasUtra, 10/2 . 7. vahI,7/15 8. vahI, 1/m 9.vahI.1/28 : "" Page #232 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ Rs176/niya arthadaNDavirati - * tatvArtha sUtrakAra AcArya umAsvAmI kA dRSTikoNa evaM lakSyaspaSTa hai ve pratyeka mAnava ko prasAraNa kA pAlana karavAte hue mokSa taka le jAnA cAhate haiN| unheM mAnava kI svatantratA to priya hai kintu svacchandatA nitAnta asvIkArya hai| ve manuSyoM ko anarthadaNDa se virata karanA cAhate haiN| tatvArthasUtra ke sAtave adhyAya ke 21 ve sUtra meM ve anarthadaNDavirati pAlana meM sahAyaka batAte haiN| jisase apanA kucha lAbha yA prayojana to siddha na ho aura vyartha hI samaya satya hotA ho, aise vicAra eva kArya ko anarthadaNDa kahate haiN| isake pA~ca bhedra hai hot - adhyAna dUsaroM kA burA vicAramA / 2. pApopadeza - dUsaroM ko pApa kArya karane kA upadeza denA / 1 3. pramAdacaryA - binA prayojana yatra-tatra ghUmanA, pRthvI khodanA, pAnI phailAnA, ghAsa, tinake Adi tor3anA / 4. hiMsAdAna - talavAra, bandUka, bhAlA Adi hiMsaka upakaraNoM kA denA / 5. duHzruti - hiMsA aura rAma Adi baratane vAlI kathAo kA sunanA, par3hanA, dekhanA Adi / sabase pApa hotA hai ataH jIvana meM jisase pApa na ho, kisI ko duHkha na pahu~ce, aise vicArazIla manuSya ko ina arthadaNDoM se virata rahanA caahie| AcArya umAsvAmI ne anarthadaNDavrata ke aticAra 'kandarpakItkucyamausaryAsamIkSyAdhikaraNopabhogaparibhogAnarthakyAni ke mAdhyama se rAga kI adhikatA hone se hAsya ke sAtha aziSTa vacana bolanA ( kandarpa), hAsya aura aziSTa vacana ke sAtha zarIra se bhI kuceSTA karanA (kautkucya), dhRSTatApUrvaka bahuta bakavAsa karanA (maukharya), binA vicAre adhika pravRtti karanA (asamIkSyAdhikaraNa ), jitane upabhoga aura paribhoga me apanA kAma cala sakatA haiM, usase adhika sagraha karanA ( upabhogaparibhoganArthakya) ko prakArAntara se tyAga kI preraNA dI hai| inakA ullaghana karane vAloM ke lie mahAbhArata kA udAharaNa paryApta hai jahA~ kaTuvacana ke kAraNa itanI bar3I hiMsA huii| hama patra-patrikAoM meM pratidina aise udAharaNa par3hate hai jiname haeNsI-majAka, aziSTa vyavahAra Adi ke kAraNa vyaktiyo ko apane prANo se hAtha dhone par3ate haiN| ataH sadgRhastha ke lie anarthadaNDoM se bacanA caahie| ahiMsA - top "" 1. svArthasUna 7/21 1. nahI, 7/32 ahiMsA dharma kA prANa tattva hai jisa para vizvAsa ke phalasvarUpa yaha sasAra surakSita hai| jahA~ jainadarzana eva AcAravyavasthA prANI mAtra ke rakSaNa para bala detI hai vahIM anya dharma mAnava sarakSaNa para adhika bala dete haiM yahA~ taka ki mAnavIya hitoM ke Age ve anya prANiyo kI bhI bali le lete hai| mahAbhArata me AyA hai ki dharma to vahI hai jo ahiMsA se yukta hai. ahiMsArthAya bhUtAnAM dharmapravacanaM kRtam / yaH svAd hiMsabA yuktaH sa dharma iti nizcayaH // I " arthAt ahiMsA ke liye hI prANiyoM ko dharma kA pravacana kiyA hai jo ahiMsA se yukta hai vahI nizcaya se dharma hai / 102 Page #233 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ isaniNaya AhasA ......vidhi aura naiminIkhonoM yacaMpika nahIM hai phira bhI naitikatA se ekadama prativyarita hotA mAriNAmoM ko udbhUta karanA hogA apane jIvana kA pariNAma sAmAnya zabdoM meM eka kartavya para isakA baliyAmAeka sahamatama ucca kartabAna zuddha eka aisAdRSTAnta hai jinameM jIvita rahanA nahIM, varan jIvana kA balidAna karttavya mAnA jAtA hai| mata pakSakI pavihIna ko puSTi hotI hai| AcArya umAska vAmI tI svaya AhasA mahAvata ke pAlaka the ata: unhoMne hiMsA se virati arthAt ahiMsA ko vrata maanaa| yadi jIvana se ahiMsA calI jAye to mA~ apane bacce ko dUdha kyoM pilAye, pikApAlana kyoM kare ? ' ___gArhasthika hisA pramukha rUpa se pAre prakAra kI mAnI gayI hai| AraMbhIhiMsA, udyogIhiMsA, 3. virodhIhiMsA aura 4. sNklpiihisaa| jisameM se yaha apekSA kI jAtI hai ki kama se kama vaha saMkalpI hiMsA kA to tyAga kare hii| .. ..... ... .. .. ... ... ::: ____ AcArya umAsvAmI ke anusAra - 'asadabhidhAnamanRtam' arthAt pramAda ke yoga se jIvoM ko duHkhadAyaka athavA mithyArUpa vacana bolanA asatya hai aura isameM virati honA satyavrata hai| sabhI guNasampadAyeM satya vaktA meM pratiSThita hotI haiN| jhUThe kA bandhujana bhI tiraskAra karate haiN| usake koI mitra nahIM hotaa| jihvAcchedana, sarvasvaharaNa Adi daNDa use bhugatane par3ate haiN| jo vacana pIDAkArI haiM ve bhale hI satya hoM, kintu asatya hI haiN| mithyAbhASI kA koI vizvAsa nahIM karatI ... jinake sambandha meM jhUTha bolatA hai ve bhI usake bairI ho jAte haiM isalie unase bhI aneka ApatiyA~ haiM ata: asatya bolane se virakti honA hI kalyANakArI hai| noti bhI hai... . . . .. / ', ' . ", ... * " , "priyavAkyapradAnena sarve tumbanti jantavaH / ..." tasmAttadeva baktabya bacane kA daridratA // acaurya tattvArthasUtra ke anusAra 'madattAvAnaM steyam' arthAt binA dI huI vastu lenA corI hai tathA isase virati acaurya hai| acaurya ko jIvana mUlya ke rUpa meM apanAne vAlA cora ko corI karane kI preraNA nahIM detA, na preraNA karavAtA hai, na caura karma yA cora kI sarAhanA karatA hai, kisI cora se corI kA mAla nahIM kharIdatA, rAjya ke niyamoM ke viruddha kara Adi kI corI nahIM karatA, taulane yA nApane ke mAna (boTa), tarAjU Adi kama-adhika nahIM rakhatA, adhika mUlya vAlI vastu meM kama mUlya vAlI vastueM milAkara nahIM detA (bectaa)| isa prakAra vaha acauryabhAva ko eka vrata ke rUpa meM apanAtA hai| parigrahaparimANa parigrahaparimANa bhI jIvanamUlya hI hai kintu jabase puNyaphala ke rUpa meM parigraha ko mAnyatA milI hai taba se loga 1. bhAratIya daNDasaMhitA : muralIdhara baturvedI, adhyAya 4, pR. 140-141 .:: . . . . . . . . . 2. tasvArthasUtra, 1/1 3. vahI,1/14 4. vahI,1/1 5. tattvArthavArtika, 9/6/27 6. vahI,7/14/5 . . 7. vahI,1/9/2 8. tattvArthasUtra, 1/13 Page #234 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ 178/sasvArthama-niyA adhikAdhika nAvika ke saMcaya meM hI sukha mAnane lage haiN| AcArya umAsvAmI ne "mUrNa parivahaH" arthAta kisI bhI paravastu meM mamatvabhAva ko parigraha mAnA hai aura isase virati ko vrata' kahA hai| sadgRhastha ko sukhI jIvana ke lie apane kSetra, vAstu, cA~dI, svarNa, dhana, dhAnya, dAsI, dAsa Adi kA parimANa nizcita kara lenA caahie| jaba parigraha kA saMcaya eka hI jagaha ho jAtA hai to samAja meM viSamatA bar3hatI hai, mArakATa kI sthiti bana jAtI hai ata: parigraha parimANa hI ucita hai| puruSArthasiddhadhupAya meM AcArya amRtacandra ne dhanAdika ko bAhya prANa mAnate hae kahA hai ki yadi koI usakA haraNa karatA hai to vaha hiMsA hai - arvA nAma ya ete prANA ete bahizcarAH puMsAm / rati sa tasya prANAn yo basya jano harapAn / ' arthAt jitane bhI dhana-dhAnya Adi padArtha haiM ye puruSoM ke bAhya prANa haiM jo puruSa jisake dhana-dhAnya Adi padArthoM ko haraNa karatA hai vaha usake prANoM kA nAza karatA hai, isase hiMsA hai| ataH parigraha kA parimANa karate hue anya ke parigraha ko har3apane kA bhI vicAra nahIM karanA cAhie tAki atiparigraha se bhI baceM aura corI kA bhI doSa na lge| svavArasantoSa __ maithuna ko kuzIla kahate haiM - 'maithunamabrahma' aura isase bacanA brahmacaryavrata hai / ' gRhastha pUrNa brahmacaryavrata kA pAlana to nahIM kara sakatA hai ata: use svadArasantoSa vrata kA pAlana karanA caahie| vivAha saMsthA kA janma isIlie huA ki vaha kAma sambandhI maithuna ko vaidhAnika sthiti tathA samAja meM maryAdApUrNa AcaraNa banA sake / yadi koI apanI vivAhita strI yA puruSa ke atirikta kisI anya se kAma-sambandha rakhatA hai to use vyabhicAra kahA jAtA hai| jise na samAja Adara detA hai aura na kAnUna, ata: isase bacanA caahie| adhika striyoM yA puruSoM se paraspara kAmasambandha 'eDsa' jaisI bhayaMkara bImArI kA kAraNa banate haiM ata: svadArasantoSa bhAva ko apanAnA caahie| vivAha ke pUrva hI vara-kanyA se svadArasantoSa aura sampattisantoSa vrata dilAyA jAtA hai| AcArya umAsvAmI ke anusAra - 'anugrahAcaM svasyAtisargo dAnam' arthAt para ke anugraha (upakAra) ke lie apanI vastu kA denA dAna hai| dAna cAra prakAra kA mAnA gayA hai - auSadhidAna, jJAnadAna, AhAradAna aura abhayadAna / ina cAroM dAnoM ke dene se eka ora jahA~ parigraha se moha chUTatA hai vahIM dUsaroM ko jIvanayApana meM madada milatI hai| ata: dAna se sva aura para donoM kA upakAra hotA hai| dAna kI bhAvanA se hI atithisatkAra yA atithisaMvibhAga kI sthiti bana pAtI hai| jinake gharoM meM atithiyoM kA Adara-satkAra nahIM kiyA jAtA ve ghara zmazAna ke samAna kahe gaye haiN| 1.tattvArthasUtra.1/1 2. vahI,1/17 3. vahI,1/1 4. puruSArthasiddhapupAya : bhAcArya amRtacandra, 103 5. sattvArthasUtra,7/16 7.vahI,1/8 Page #235 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ ukta jIvanamUlyoM ke mUla meM vaiyaktika sukha kI prApti karAnA hai, aise vaiyaktika sukhoM ko jinheM samAja aura rAjya (vidhi) dvArA mAnyatA prApta hotI hai| jinake mUla meM samaSTi kA sukha nihita nahIM hai ve vaiyaktika mUlya kabhI jIvana mUlya nahIM bana sakatA jinakA jIvana aura vyavahAra samAnArAmAnya nahIM hotA hai va samAna meM pekSA, niskiAra pAte haiM aura yaha sthiti pasana kI parAkASThA hai| kisI ne likhA hai ki - sarakAra kI najara meM niravAnA sabase bar3A patana hai| sarakara to sabhI mrte| para yaha to jIvita maraNa hai| Aja kA mAnava kA lakSya mAtra jInA ho gayA hai aura pariNAma sAmane hai ki vaha jI nahIM pA rahA hai balki usakI mauta bhI blaDaprezara, madhumeha, benahaimareja, hArDaaTeka, eDsa, kaiMsara Adi ke bIca hone lagI hai, jinakA uddezya thA khAopIo, mauja karo aura raho hoTaloM meM, maro aspatAloM meM / Aja yaha majAka meM kahA gayA kathana jindagI kI hakIkata bana gayA hai| aisA isalie huA ki hamane saba kalAyeM sIkhI kintu jIne kI kalA nahIM siikhii| jIne kI kalA to yaha hai ki hama isa prakAra jIvana jiyeM ki mRtyu ke samaya kaSTa na ho / AcArya umAsvAmI jIne kI kalA ko jAnate the isalie unhoMne tattvArthasUtra ke mAdhyama se preraNA dI ki aise kArya karo jisase pApa se baca sko| yadi pApa se bace to kAnUna se bhI rakSA hogI aura samAja meM bhI pratiSThA milegI, tumhArA Atmagaurava bar3hegA aura maraNa ke samaya bhI kaSTa nahIM hogaa| merA to mAnanA hai ki AcArya umAsvAmI ne jo sabase bar3A jIvanamUlya diyA (batAyA) vaha hai - "mAraNAntikIM sallebanA joSitA" arthAta maraNa ke samaya prItipUrvaka sallekhanA grahaNa karanA caahie| sandeza spaSTa hai ki jiyo to aise jiyo ki zAnti se mara sako aura isake lie sabase bar3A mUlamaMtra hai ki jiyo aura baune do| hamArI pravRttiyA~ tyAgonmukha rahe to jIvana bhI tanAvarahita rhegaa| auroM ko haMsate dekho manuso aura saba pAmo / apane sukhako vistRta kara somabako sukhI bnaao| hama saba RNI hai AcArya umAsvAmI ke jinhoMne tasvArthasUtra ke rUpa me hame eka grantha hI nahIM diyA balki granthi vimocana kA samyak mArga bhI btaayaa| Aja hama unakI bAto (sUtroM) para vizvAsa kara pA rahe haiM to mAtra isalie kyoMki unakA jIvana jIvanamUlyo se ba~dhA thaa| hama saba bhI jIvanamUlyo ko apane jIvana me pratiSThita kareM tAki hamArA jIvana bhI mUlyavAna bana sake aura hama kaha sake ki hamArA bhI kucha mUlya hai| 2. tatvAryasUtra / 1. tatvArthasUca,7/22 Page #236 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ -180/ tatkAryasUtra-nika paryAvaraNa saMrakSaNa meM jaina siddhAntoM kI bhUmikA sureza jaina, AI. e. esa. * paryAvaraNa saMrakSaNa ke lie antarrASTrIya evaM rASTrIya stara para kiyA jA rahe aneka saphala prayatnoM ke bAbajUda bhI hamArI pRthvI kA paryAvaraNa asaMtulita aura vAtAvaraNa pradUSita ho rahA hai| paryAvaraNa saMrakSaNa meM dhArmika, AdhyAtmika evaM sAMskRtika paramparAoM kA atyadhika yogadAna hai, ataH vaijJAnika kRtyoM ke sAtha-sAtha AdhyAtmika aura sAMskRtika AdhAra para paryAvaraNa saMbaMdhI siddhAntoM kA pracAra-prasAra evaM vivekapUrNa prAcIna mAnyatAoM ko punarjIvita karanA Avazyaka hai 1 jainadharma ne paryAvaraNa ko atyadhika mahattva diyA hai| prathama jaina tIrthakara bhagavAna RbhaSadeva ne prAcIna bhArata meM paryAvaraNa saMrakSaNa aura jaivika saMtulana banAe rakhane ke lie sazakta siddhAntoM kI sthApanA kI thI, jo Aja bhI upayogI aura prabhAvI hai| hameM jaina paramparAoM meM nihita mUlabhUta paryAvaraNa pratimAnoM ko pracalita karanA caahie| jainadharma hameM isa pRthvI ke choTe se choTe prANI, vanaspati aura yahA~ taka ki sUkSma jIvANuoM (mAikrobsa) kI rakSA aura sammAna karane kI preraNA detA hai, jo paryAvaraNa saMrakSaNa ke lie atyanta upayogI hai| jainadharma samAja ke pratyeka vyakti ko yaha mahattvapUrNa upadeza detA hai ki vaha sampUrNa mAnava jAti evaM sRSTi ke samasta jIvoM kI dIrghAyu kI maMgalakAmanA pratidina niyamita rUpa se kare / vaha paramapitA paramAtmA kI sAkSI meM yaha bhAvanA bhAye ki varSA samaya para aura paryApta ho, bADha yA sUkhA na ho, koI mahAmArI na phaile evaM samasta prazAsanika adhikArIgaNa apane kartavyoM kA pAlana saccAI evaM ImAnadArI se kareM / dharmAcAryoM ne kahA hai ki pratyeka uttaradAyI jaina parivAra nimnAMkita niyamoM kA kaThoratA pUrvaka aura niyamita rUpa se pAlana kare - 1. koI bhI apane gande vastra kisI bhI pravAhita pAnI meM na dhoye tAki usameM rahane vAle sUkSma jIvoM kI surakSA ho ske| 2. koI bhI bagaira chanA / azuddha jala na piye tAki zarIra rogamukta raha sake aura AsapAsa kA vAtAvaraNa dUSita hone se baca jaae| saMsAra ke vaijJAnika mAnate haiM ki jainadharma meM jo pAnI chAnane kI prathA pracalita hai vaha unake svastha zarIra ke lie upayogI hai| yaha prathA zreSTha svAsthya evaM Adhunika sabhyatA kI pratIka hai| 3. kisI bhI jala srota se pAnI nikAlane ke pazcAt zeSa bace bagaira chane pAnI (jIvAnI) ko usI jalasrota taka pahu~cA diyA jAya tAki sUkSma jIvANu apane prAkRtika jaivika saMtulana ko banAe rakhakara zAntipUrvaka jIvita raha sakeM / 4. koI bhI jala kI eka bUMda vyartha naSTa na kare, per3a-paudhoM se vyartha hI phUla yA pate na tor3e, vidyuta yA kisI bhI UrjA kI eka yUniTa bhI vyartha vyaya na hone deN| isa taraha jainadharma ne paryAvaraNa ke mUla ghaTaka, pRthvI, jala, agni, vAyu aura vanaspati ke durupayoga, atyadhika * 30, nizAta kAlonI, bhopAla, (0755) 2555533 Page #237 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ upayoga kA nATa karane se sambandhita sAmAjika evaM dhArmika niyama sthApita kiye haiM, jisase prakRti ke ina upahAroM kA Adara ho sake aura paryAvaraNa pradUSita na hoN|" jainasAdhu apane jIvana meM iko-jainijma evaM eplAiDa jainijma ke siddhAntoM kA samAveza evaM abhivyaktikaraNa karate haiN| ve apane sAtha sirpha kASTha nirmita kamaNDalu aura morapaMkha se banI picchI rakhate haiN| ye donoM upakaraNa paryAvaraNa saMrakSaNa evaM Atmonnati ke pratIka haiN| ye aisI sAmagrI se nirmita haiM, jo svayameva jIvoM ke dvArA chor3I gaI hai| sAdhujana kamaNDalu ke jala kA dainika AvazyakatA hetu bar3I mitavyayatA se upayoga karate haiM / dainika kriyAoM ke daurAna picchI ke dvArA ve sUkSma jIvoM kI prANarakSA kA prayAsa karate haiN| isa taraha mitavyayatA aura prANI rakSA kA saMdeza unake jIvana se anAyAsa hI pracArita hotA rahatA hai| jaina muni paryAvaraNa ke zreSTha saMrakSaka haiN| ve hamezA zikSA dete haiM ki hameM svaccha paryAvaraNa meM rahanA cAhie, chanA huA eva svasthyavarddhaka jala grahaNa karanA cAhie, pradUSaNa mukta vAyu kA sevana karanA cAhie, prAkRtika, svaccha, zaktivarddhaka evaM sAttvika bhojana lenA cAhie / sazodhita AhAra, turatAhAra yA bAsI bhojana, biskuTa breDa DibbA baMda evaM saMrakSita bhojya sAmagrI prayoga nahIM karane kI salAha bhI ve dete haiN| ve vividha rasAyanoM se saMrakSita karake dUra-dUra se Ane vAle phaloM kI apekSA sthAnIya tAje evaM saste phala evaM sabjiyoM ko grahaNa karane ke pakSadhara haiN| yadi hama ina zikSAoM evaM nirdezoM kA niyamapUrvaka anusaraNa kareM to cikitsakoM evaM auSadhiyoM kA prayoga sImita ho sakatA hai| hama svayaM apekSAkRta jyAdA svastha rahakara paryAvaraNa ko bhI svastha banA sakate haiN| prAkRtika saMrakSaNa meM jaina saskRti kI mahattvapUrNa bhUmikA hai| hama apane sAMskRtika AcAra-vicAra kA anusaraNa evaM abhyAsa kara prakRti kA sarakSaNa kreN| hameM apane vikAsa kA aisA DhAcA taiyAra karanA cAhie jo ki paryAvaraNa eva sAskRtika AdhAra ko dRr3hatA pradAna kare / Aja na kevala hamArI saskRti yA rASTra varan hamArA samUcA graha (pRthvI) bhI aise khatare meM hai jaisA pahale kabhI nahIM thaa| mAnava jAti paryAvaraNa ko itane vyApaka paimAne para naSTa kara rahI hai ki svaya prakRti bhI akele isa hrAsa kI kSatipUrti nahIM kara sktii| isase pahale ki bahuta dera ho jAe hameM paryAvaraNa kI isa sabase bar3I cunautI ko jisase ki hamArA aura hamArI pRthvI kA astitva jur3A hai, svIkAranA hogA / hameM svayaM eka zreSTha paryAvaraNa sarakSaka bananA hogaa| caubIsa tIrthaMkaroM kI pratimAo para aMkita cihna prakRti evaM paryAvaraNa saMrakSaNa ke artha eva saMdeza ke saMvAhaka haiN| ye cihna sambandhita tIrthakara ke jIvanavRtta eva unakI samakAlIna pravRtti para AdhArita haiN| jaina tIrthakaroM kA prAkRtika sampadA evaM vanya prANiyoM ke saMrakSaNa meM mahattvapUrNa yogadAna hai| tIrthaMkara yaha jAnate the ki mAnava prakRti para nirbhara hai, ataeva unhone prakRti, vanya pazu evaM vanaspati jagat ke pratinidhi ke rUpa meM mahattvapUrNa vibhinna pratIka ciha svIkAra kie 1 24 tIrthaMkaroM ke 24 cihnoM meM se prApnI-jagat se 13 cihna haiN| prANI jagata ke melA, hAthI, ghor3A, bandara, hiraNa eva bakarA ityAdi manuSya jagat ke lie sadaiva upayogI evaM sahayogI rahe haiN| cakavA pakSosamUha kA pratinidhi hai / jala meM rahane vAle magara, machalI, kachuA evaM zaMkha kA jalazuddhi meM mahattvapUrNa yogadAna hai / ye jIva jagat ke lie varadAna svarUpa rahe haiN| svastika evaM kalaza mAMgalika haiM, ata: kSemaMkara haiM / vadaNDa nyAya, vIratA evaM zaurya kA pratIka hai / prakRti kA mahattvapUrNa ghaTaka candramA zItalatA evaM prasannatA kA pradAyaka hai| kalpavRkSa vanaspati jagata kA pratIka hai| lAla evaM nIlakamala puSpa jagat ke sumadhura evaM surabhita pratinidhi haiN| puSpa apanI prAkRtika sundaratA evaM sukumAratA se zAnti aura prema kA saMdeza prasArita karate rahe haiN| Page #238 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ piyaMgu priyagu priyaMgu priyagu pratyeka jaina tIrthakara ko vizuddha zAna (kevalajJAna) kI prApti kisI vizeSa vRkSa kI chAyA meM prApta huii| jaina sAhitya meM ina vRkSoM ko tIrthakara vRkSa yA kevalI vRkSa kahate haiN| bhagavAn AdinAtha se lekara mahAvIra paryanta ye sabhI vRkSa paryAvaraNa saMrakSaNa ke janaka evaM saMpoSaka haiN| yaha mAnyatA hai ki kevalI vRkSa meM sambandhita tIrthakara kA AMzika prabhAva vidyamAna rahatA hai| kevalavRkSa kI sevA, darzana aura arcanA se sambandhita tIrthakara kI kRpA prApta hotI hai| kevalI vRkSa ke ropaNa se sambandhita sthala kI AdhyAtmika zakti meM vRddhi hotI hai / 24 tIryakaroM ke vRkSa nimnAMkita haiM - ka.tIrthakara kA nAma kevalajJAnavRkSa saMskRta meM hindI meM vijJAna meM 1. RSabhanAtha nyagrodha vaTavRkSa vaTavRkSa phAikasa bangAlesisa 2. ajitanAtha saptaparNa citavanasaptaparNI saptaparNa elasToniyA skolerisa 3. saMbhavanAtha zAla sAla, sAkhU zoriyA robasTA 4. abhinandananAtha sarala asana cIr3a pAinasa rAksabarSA 5. sumatinAtha kelIkA mekrophilA 6. padmanAtha priyagu piyagu kelIkArpA mekrophilA 7. supArzvanAtha zirISa zirISa sirasA alabijiyA lIbeka 8. candraprabha nAgavRkSa nAga nAgakesara mesuA pheriyA 9. puSpadanta akSa baheDA baher3A TaramineliyA balerikA 10.zItalanAtha dhUlipalAza DhAka, palAza byUTiyA kaMDosA 11.zreyAnsanAtha DAyospAirasa iMbrAyopTerisa 12.vAsupUjya pATala kadamba kadamba enthosiphelasa kadambA 13.vimalanAtha jAmuna yUjIniyA jembolanA 14.anantanAtha pIpala pIpala phAikasa railIjiyosA 15. dharmanAtha dakSiparNa dadhiparNa pheroniyA elIphaiNTama 16. zAntinAtha nandI nandI siDrelA tUnA 17. kunyunAtha tilaka tilaka venDalenDiyA eksarTA 18. arahanAtha Amra Amra Ama mainjIpherA iNDikA 19. mallinAtha kaMkeli/azoka azoka azoka sarAkA iNDikA 20. munisuvratanAtha campaka campA campA bhaikeliyA campAkA 21. maminAtha bakula maulazrI mAInusposa elenjI 22. nemInAtha netrabhaMga vaMza gur3amAra jimnemA silvesTara . 23. pAzrvanAtha sIDsadevadArA 24. mahAvIra sAla zoriyA robasTA , bela teMda teMdU jambU jambU pIpala 3 4 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 4 3 3 3 3 3 3 tilaka bakula devadAra devadAra sAla Page #239 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ paryAvaraNa saMrakSaNa meM satat rUpa se samRddha tIrthakara cihna evaM tIrthaMkara vRkSa bhAratIya saMskRti meM pUrI taraha se racapaca kara bhAratIya jIvana paddhati ke aMga bana gae haiN| bhAratavarSa saghana vana tathA vanya prANiyoM kI pracuratA ke lie vikhyAta rahA hai| tIrthaMkaroM ne apane hoM aura vRkSoM ke mAdhyama se prakRti se apanA jIvata samparka banAye rakhA hai| Aja AvazyakatA hai ki isa jIvanta itihAsa ko vizva ke samakSa punaH udghATita kiyA jaae| tIrthaMkara cihna samUha aura tIrthaMkara vRkSa samUha atIta, vartamAna tathA bhaviSya ke paryAvaraNa kI anubhUti kA pravAhIsrota hai / cihnoM aura vRkSoM kI yaha caubIsI prakRti, vanaspati, pazu evaM pakSI jagat kI mahattvapUrNa abhayavATikA hai| isa abhayavATikA se zAnti kA zAzvata nirjhara pravAhita ho rahA hai| manuSya kI sAmAnya icchAoM kI pUrti prakRti dvArA binA kisI kaThinAI ke pUrI kI jA sakatI hai, kintu jaba icchA bahuguNita hokara kaluSita ho jAtI hai, taba use pUrI karanA prakRti ke lie kaThina ho jAtA hai| manuSya kI yaha bahuguNita icchA hI prAkRtika saMkaToM kI jananI hai| isI kaluSita eva bahuguNita icchA kI tuSTi ke phalasvarUpa paryAvaraNa tahasa-nahasa ho jAtA hai / vAyu, jala, dhvani evaM dRzya pradUSita ho jAte haiN| jaise-jaise vyakti kI icchA bahuguNita aura kaluSita hotI jAtI hai, usakI saMgraha kI pravRtti bar3hatI jAtI hai| usakA mana, citta, dhabalatA ke sthAna para kAlimA grahaNa kara letA hai| Aiye, hama kAlimA ke patha ko chor3akara dhavalatA ke patha para agrasara hoM aura apane paryAvaraNa kA saMrakSaNa evaM savarddhana kareM / bahe A~suoM kI dhAra dinAMka 2-12-04 sthAna sarasvatI bhavana pUjya munizrI kA vidAI samAroha / sarasvatI bhavana khacAkhaca bharA huA thaa| sabhI A~kheM gamagIna thii| eka-eka kara vaktAoM ko Amantrita kiyA jA rahA thaa| DaoN. lAlatAprasAda khare pahale vAkya ke sAtha hI bhAvavihvala ho gye| zrI puSpendrasiMha ne aTakate - aTakate apanI bhAvAMjali dii| nirmala jI ne munizrI kI jaya bulAI aura isake bAda unakA kaMTha ruddha ho gyaa| cupacApa muni zrI ko namo'stu kara apane sthAna para baiTha gaye / 1 - Page #240 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ * 184 / svArthasUna-nika jaina karmavAda : tattvArthasUna * pro. lakSmIcanda jaina bhAratIyadarzana - jagat meM mAyA aura karma atyanta gahana pratyaya haiN| bhAratIya vicAradhArA prabhAva se hI karmavAda kA prabala samarthana karatI rahI hai| jo jaisA botA hai vaha vaisA hI kATatA hai| karma ke tIna rUpa saMcita, prArabdha aura kriyamANa mAne jAte rahe haiN| punarjanma kA AdhAra bhI karma mAnA gayA hai| bhAratIyoM kA bhAgyavAda bhI mUlataH karmavAda para AdhArita kiyA gayA hai| karma ke phala pradAya ke sambandha meM do mata panape eka mata IzvaravAdI tathA dUsarA mata nirIzvaravAdI pracalita huaa| isa sambandha meM mImAMsA, gItA, veda, upaniSad granthoM meM karma sambandhI vivecana milate haiN| dArzanika sampradAya me karmavAda vizeSa rUpa se vikasita huA / jainadarzana, bauddhadarzana, nyAyadarzana sUtra, sAMkhyadarzana, pataMjali yogazAstra, mImAMsA tathA gItA meM karmavAda sambandhI tathya vizeSa rUpa se varNita haiN| yaha vAda siddhAnta rUpa meM bhI vikasita kiyA gyaa| yahA~ taka ki digambara jaina maharSiyoM, AcAryo ne karmavAda ko gaNitIya AdhAra dene kA apratima prayAsa kiyA jo Age jAkara gaNitIya samIkaraNoM ke rUpa meM yathAvidhi nirmita gaNitIyapratIkoM, saMdRSTiyoM ke dvArA aneka rahasyoM ko kholatA calA gyaa| karmavAda ke vistRta evaM gahare vikAsa ko jaba siddhAnta rUpa meM DhAlA gayA jo gaNitIya pratIkoM se bharapUra thA, taba usakA adhyayana kinArA kara gayA / do, do zatAbdiyoM ke antarAla meM gaNitIya pratibhA sampanna AcArya hI usa para TIkAeM nirmita karate cale gaye, jinameM navIM sadI ke vIrasenAcArya kI dhavala, jayadhavala TIkAe~ haiM, jo battIsa jildoM meM hai / hameM upalabdha ho sakIM, zeSa kAla ke gAla meM samA gyiiN| ye TIkAeN IsA kI prathama sadI ke AsapAsa racita SaTkhaNDAgama evaM kaSAyaprAbhRta granthoM para racI gayI thiiN| mahAdhavala kahalAne vAlA mahAbaMdha grantha bhI isI prathama sadI meM bhagavanta bhUtabali dvArA racA gayA thA, jinake jyeSTha AcArya puSpadanta the aura donoM hI ghanAkSarI tathA hInAkSarI vidyAoM ko siddhahasta kiye hue / mahAbaMdha bhI sAta jildoM meM prApya hai| isa prakAra karma siddhAnta kA vizeSa aMza ina unatAlIsa jildoM kI Adhunika sAmagrI rUpa meM hai| isa prakAra isa gaNitIya karmavAda ko, jise yUnivarsala adhyayana hetu nirmita kiyA gayA, Aja ke kisI bhI Adhunikatama vaijJAnika siddhAnta ke samakSa rakhane yogya hai| isameM hI praveza karane hetu, AcArya kundakunda ke pazcAt hue AcArya umAsvAmI ne tattvArthasUtra kI racanA kii| isa prakAra, yaha tattvArthasUtra paramparA se na kevala munivarga yA zrAvakavarga ke lie upayogI siddha huA, varan vaha eka atyanta pUjyanIya, paThanIya, smaraNIya, sAdhanA Adi ke bar3e mahattva ko bhI prApta huaa| isa prakAra tattvArthasUtra kI racanA kA prayojana, abhiprAya, preraNA va lakSya siddha huA / gaNitIya vastu jisa karmavAda ko siddhAnta rUpa meM lAyA gayA, use sarala dArzanika zabdoM meM AdhArazilA rUpa racita kiyA gyaa| -dUsarA hI sUtra, tattvArthazraddhAnaM samyagdarzanam meM tattva hI sarvanAma kA bhAva hai| jo bhI koI padArtha jise rUpa se *554, dosA jvelarsa, sarAphA bAjAra, jabalapura Page #241 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ - avasthita hai, usakA usI rUpa honA tattva hai / artha yaha hai jo nizcaya kiyA jAtA hai| sAtha hI kisI pAraviSaya yA vastu) ke dravya, kSetra, kAla, mAva ke pramANa Adi ko bhI artha kahate haiN| isI artha ko lekara pramANa rUpa mANitIya saMdRSTiyoM banAI gaI jinheM arthasaMdRSTiyA kahate haiN| inakA svarUpa muni kezava varNI kI gommaTasAra kI karNATavRtti joparayApikA meM dRSTavya hai, jo bhAratIya jJAnapITha, dillI se cAra bhAgoM meM prakAzita huI hai| kevalajJAna kI artha saMdRSTi ke, patya kI pa, sUcyaMgula kI 2 Adi hotI hai| ina saMdRSTiyoM se artha, aMka aura AkAra rUpa hotI haiM, sUtra yA phArmUlA, samIkaraNa Adi banAte haiM aura isa prakAra karmavAda kA svarUpa bar3I gaharAIyoM taka Ane ke lie unakA upayoga karate haiN| yathA - { Logr) aM = pa guNita pa...... palya ke arddhaccheda bAra jise Aja ke Adhunika rUpa meM hama F = (P) = rUpa meM likha sakate haiN| yahA~ (Log,P) ghAta ke rUpa meM hai| yAnI sUcyaMgula ke pradezoM kI saMkhyA palya ke samayoM ke dvArA nirUpita kI gaI hai - yaha upamA mAna kA prArambha mAtra hai| karma ke aise gaNitIya vijJAna ko nirmita karane hetu yA zruta ke sUtroM ko lipibaddha karane hetu dIkSita maurya samrATa candragupta (prabhAcandAcArya) ne apane parama guru AcArya bhadrabAhu ke sAnidhya meM brAhmI, sundarI lipiyoM yA ghanAkSarI, honAkSarI vidyAoM yA lipiyoM ko bhASA va gaNita rUpa karma siddhAnta ko dene ke liye bAraha varSa taka ullekhanIya prayAsa kiye hoge / azoka ko apane pitAmaha se jaba isa lipi kI prApti huI to bhArata meM prathama bAra, sindhu haDappA kI sabhyatA ke bAda, zilAlekha bananA prArambha huA hogaa| isI samaya se bhArata ke zruti, smRti rUpa jJAna lipibaddha honA prArambha hue| isa prakAra brAhmI lipi ke AviSkAra kI AvazyakatA kA itihAsa bhArata meM isa karmavAda ke svarUpa ko yaha rUpa dene hetu sundarI lipi se bhI sambandhita hai| bhASA baoNe se dAhinI ora tathA gaNita dAhinI se baoNe ora likhI jAne kA saMketa kivadaMtiyoM dvArA prakaTa kiyA jAne lgaa| ___ eka aura mahattvapUrNa khoja zUnya ko dasArhA paddhati meM prayoga kiye jAne sambandhI haiM / umAsvAmI ke tatvArthasUtra racane ke pUrva kundakundAcArya SaTkhaNDAgama ke prathama kucha adhyAyoM para parikarma nAmaka gaNita se otaprota TIkA likha cuke the jo aba anupalabdha haiN| na kevala vIrasenAcArya varan nemicandrAcArya ne isakA ullekha kiyA hai| tiloyapaNNattI meM bar3IbaDI karaNAnuyoga yA dravyAnuyoga sambandhI bar3I saMkhyAe~ dasAha paddhati meM likhI milatI hai| ho sakatA hai ki isa paddhati kA upayoga yA AviSkAra kundakundAcArya ne kiyA ho, kyoMki unakA mahattva tathA gaNitIya pratibhA se prabhAvita anuyAyiyoM ne yaha kahA hai - maMgalaM bhagavAn vIro, maMgalaM mautamo gaNI / maMgala kundakundAco, jainadharmo'stu maMgalaM // unakA nAma sIdhe gautama gaNadhara ke bAda avatarita honA eka vilakSaNatA hai / mahAbaMdha meM zUnya kA upayoga rikta sthAna kI pUrti ke lie kiyA gayA hai, jo eka saMketa detA hai ki 9 ke bAda ke riktasthAna zUnya dvArA bharA jAye aura 10 se yaha kArya prArambha huA hogaa| umAsvAmI ne bhI dasa madhyAyoM meM tattvArthasUtra ko sampanna kiyaa| jo bhI sAmagrIkarma siddhAnta sambandhI digambara jaina sampradAya meM surakSita rakhI gayI hogI, usI kI bhUmikA rUpa, sAra rUpa, digdarzinI rUpa yaha tattvArthasUtra kIracanA huI hogI, jisameM karma bandha, saMvara, nirjarA Adi tathA karma kI dasa avasthAe~ sArarUpa meM varNita kI mayI hogii| Page #242 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ mAmA yadi avasthAoM meM gaharI pahuMca karanA ho. tathA tasaMvarddhana kA sArabhata lAbha prApta karanA ho to mamakSako prAyaH vigata sau varSoM meM vikasita sisTama thyorI kA gahana adhyayana karanA hogA / usameM Adhunikatama sabhI prakAra kI maNitoM kA prayoga aura upayoga kiyA gayA hai| isI prakAra vigata do sau varSoM meM niyantraNa siddhAnta bhI vikasita kiyA gayA hai, aura ina donoM vijJAnoM, sisTama thyorI aura sAyabarneTiksa, kA upayoga kampyUTara tathA sUcanA saMcAra Adi meM kiyA gayA hai| sthiti racanA yantra jaisI aneka prakAra kI byUha racanAoM dvArA ye siddhAnta apanI carama sImAoM taka pahuMcakara vizva kI jIvana zailI ko badala rahe haiN| inameM karma satva kI upamA sTeTa se, karmAsava kI upamA inapuTa se, karmabandha kI upamA sambandhoM se, karmanirjarA kI upamA AuTapuTa se kara usakI gaNitIya vidhiyoM ko usI prakAra karma siddhAnta ke rahasyoM ko nikhArane va khojane meM kara sakate haiN| ___ yaha eka mahattvapUrNa tathya hai, ki kucha zatAbdiyoM pUrva se alpatama tathA adhikatama mAnoM kA prApta karane ke liye vaijJAnikoM dvArA mahAn prayAsa kiye gye| karmavAda granthoM meM alpabahutva aneka sthaloM para nikAlakara batalAye gaye haiN| vijJAna meM alpatama samaya, dUrI, karma Adi sambandhI gaNanAe~ kI gayIM tathA bhautikI meM vicaraNa siddhAntoM kI carama sImAoM taka pahuMcakara prakRti ke baloM, kSetroM Adi sambandhI samIkaraNa sthApita kiye gye| jisa prakAra karma ko vaijJAnikoM ne tathA AiMsTAina Adi prasiddha bhautikazAstriyoM ne gaNitIya svarUpa diyA aura etad sambandhI samIkaraNoM dvArA vijJAna jagat meM abhUtapUrva rahasyoM kA udghATana karane vidhiyA~ vikasita kI, usI prakAra jainAcAryoM ne karma ko gaNitIya svarUpa diyA, usakI avasthAoM ko gaNitIya svarUpa diyA, yahA~ taka ki saMdRSTiyoM ke dvArA samIkaraNa, asamIkaraNa va alpabahulva kA upayoga karate hue sImAe~ nirdhArita kara lI thiiN| AinsaTAina ne kahA bhI hai 'sabhI anya vijJAnoM se Upara gaNita ko vizeSa pratiSThA prApta hone kA eka kAraNa yaha bhI hai ki jahA~ usakI pratijJaptiyoM yathArtha rUpa se nizcita aura vivAdarahita hotI haiM, vahIM anya vijJAnoM kI kucha sImA taka vivAdAspada hotI hai tathA naye AviSkRta tathyoM dvArA nirasta kiye jAne ke satat saMkaTa meM hotI haiN| gaNita ke ucca sammAna kA dUsarA kAraNa yaha hai ki gaNita ke dvArA zuddha prAkRtika vijJAnoM meM jisa kisI sImA taka jo nizcitatA praviSTa huI pAyI jAtI hai vaha gaNita ke binA upalabdha nahIM ho sakatI thii|' - AiDiyAja eNDa opiniyansa, 1954, lNdn| ___ alpatama samaya yA dUrI Adi sambandhI samasyAoM ko sulajhAne meM kAryakAraNa kI eka hI yugapat samaya meM upasthiti kA vaijJAnikoM ko upayoga meM lAnA paDA / sAdhAraNata: vicAra kiyA jAtA hai ki inameM kama se kama eka samaya kA antara to honA hI cAhiye, parantu yaha isa alpatama ko nikAlane meM prayukta vicaraNa ke siddhAntoM ( Varnational Principles) ko mAnya nahIM hai jo prakRti kA hI cunAva rUpa yA dharma rUpa mAnA jAne lagA tathA ise Toleology kI upAdhi dI gyii| isI prakAra jaina karmavAda meM eka hI samaya meM jIva aura padagaloM ke bIca hone vAlI aMtarakriyAe~ mAnya hotI haiN| yaha vilakSaNatA kisa prakAra jainAcAryoM ne prakRti ke rahasyoM ko khoja karate hue kI yaha Azcaryajanaka tathya hai| Age bhI tatvArthasUtra meM karmabandha, saMvara, nirjarAdi sambandhI dizAmAtra vA saMketamAtra meM kucha gaNitIya pramANoM ko sUtroM meM nibaddha kiyA gayA thaa| jambUdvIpa kA eka lAkha yojana kA vyAsa, do candra, do sUrya, unakI U~cAIyA~ Adi Aja ke vijJAna se mela nahIM khAte dikhAI dete haiM, parantu unhIM ke dvArA jo gaNanAeM kI jAtI thI yA haiM, ve Aja ke Adhunika vijJAna ke pariNAmoM se mela khAte haiM, jahA~ taka mAdhya AnumAnika gaNamAeM hotI haiN| U~cAIyA~ vastuta: koNa haiM jo golIya trikoNamiti ke jAnakAra bhalIbhAMti samajhate haiN| Page #243 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ isI prakAra karmaprakRtiyoM ke varNana me pradeza, sthiti tathA anubhAga vastuta: gaNitIya pramANoM se hovota hai jo cara-rAziyA~ haiM tathA baloM ke prayoga se yA karaNoM ke prayoga se, yoga yA kaSAyoM se kisa prakAra parivartita hotI haiM, isake gaNitIya vivecana ko kitanI saralatA se tatvArthasUtra meM lAyA gayA hai, vaha vastutaH mokSa kI sIDhI kA pahalA pAyadAna hai / usI dizA meM bar3hate jAnA hai, kintu gaNanAoM dvArA apanI sthiti kA pUrA-pUrA khyAla rakhate hue, cetanA-jAgRti kI avasthA ko kAyama-avasthita rakhate hue, bar3A kaThina pratIta hotA hai / isa jAgRta avasthA meM cetaka apane pAriNAmika bhAvoM meM bahatA hai, aura vaha buddhi vA prajJA, donoM ko karma vijJAna samajhane meM lagAtA hai| yadi hama karma kI ina prakRtiyoM meM vijJAna kI upalabdhiyoM ko dekhanA cAheM to hama pAyeMge ki inake upazama va kSayopazama ke mAdhyama se nimna prakAra ke vijJAnoM kI ora vizva ke kadama baDhe hoge| yathA - darzanAvaraNIya - dUradarzana, reDiyo, ilekTrAniksa, rasAyana, sugandhavijJAna. Adi jJAnAvaraNIya - sUcanAtatra, kampyUTara, sisTama va sAyabaraneTiksa siddhAnta Adi mohanIya - manovijJAna, parAmanovijJAna Adi, mastiSka vijJAna Adi antarAya - sainikAdi bala prayoga, paryAvaraNa, nenovijJAna Adi nAmakarma - jineTiksa (jananavijJAna), kromosoma, jIna, DI. ena. e. Adi gotra - AnuvaMzikI, vazAnukrama, heriDiTI Adi vedanIya - paithAlaoNjI, meDikala sAiseja, sarjarI Adi Ayu - sAyaTAlAjI (koSikA vijJAna), purAtatva, jyotiSa, bAyolaoNjI Adi sabase adhika vismayakArI tathya yaha hai ki jaina karmavAda meM gaNitIya pramANo ko dete hue jahA~ kahI bhI sambhava huA hai vahA~ gaNitIya nyAya yA darzana kA upayoga kiyA gayA hai| yaha vizeSakara caudaha dhArAoM meM, jo trilokasAra mAtra meM upalabdha hai, gaharAI se kiyA gayA pratIta hotA hai| yativRSabhAcArya kI tiloyapaNNattI tathA vIrasenAcArya kI dhavalAdi TIkAoM meM bhI yaha dekhane meM AyA hai / baraTreNDa rasaila ne yUnAniyoM ke darzana ke adhyayana karate hue yaha pAyA ki ve, gaNitIya darzana kI ora pithegorasa kAla yA yuga se bar3hate dikha rahe the, kintu ve anantoM ke alpabahutva taka na pahu~ca sake the / yaha zreya jarmanI ke jArja keNTara ko navI sadI me prApta huA jinakI rAzi siddhAnta meM rasaila ne kevala eka antarvirodha dikhAkara gaNita kI AdhArazilAoM ko hilA diyA thaa| isI kAraNa bIsavIM sadI ke prArambha se gaNitIya darzana kI khoja cala paDI aura gaNita meM rAzi siddhAnta ko lekara naI AdhArazilAe~, kramaza: rasaila, brovara aura hilabarTa me DAlanA prArambha kii| Aja bhI bhautikI me tIna prakAra ke anantoM kA upayoga, jo eka se bar3hakara eka haiM, aNuvijJAna meM kiyA jA rahA hai| isa prakAra tattvArthasUtra eka choTA sA jharokhA hai, jisameM se hama karmavAda kI AdhArazilAoM ko saralatama bhASA se samajha sakate haiN| usa karmavAda kI apAra sAmagrI ko, jo vidyAnuvAda ke pUrvo meM dI gaI thI, usakA mAtra eka atyalpa aMza hama dhavalAdi TIkAoM yA gommaTasAra yA labdhisAra kI TIkAoM meM pAte haiN| sAtha hI, jaba dekhate haiM ki yaha jharokhA karma ke nAza hone para hI mokSa kI majila taka le jAtA hai, taba prazna khar3A hotA hai ki karma ko bar3I gaharAI se samajhA jAye ki hama kisa prakAra ke karma meM lipta haiM - vaha pApa yA puNya rUpa hai - lohe yA sone kI ber3o rUpa hai - to usa ber3I ke baMdhana ko bar3hAyA jAya, jAla jaisA, yA ghaTAyA, dabAyA yA kATA jaaye| yahA~ se usa gaNita kA prArambha hotA hai jisameM aise kAraNa Page #244 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ - 188/tasvArtha sUnA-nikayA hote haiM jo karma vastu ko utpanna karane vAle hote haiM aura unakA vinAza karane vAle bhI hote haiN| jo karma kA vinAza Adi karane vAle hote haiM ve vizuddhi nAmaka pariNAmoM kI gaNita se sambandha rakhate haiM, jise hama dharma ke nAma se pukArate haiN| karma sambandhI jJAna kI sImAe~ nihita haiM parantu dharma se utpanna upalabdhiyA~ asIma, akhaNDa, cirasthAyI, anantadarzana, jJAna, balavIrya vA sukha liye hue hotI haiN| gaNitIya prarUpaNa meM hama ina sabhI ko vizuddhi rUpa pariNAmoM ke gaNita dvArA prakaTa rUpa meM batalA sakate haiN| jo mArga karma kA hai - krodhAdi ko liye hue hai, krUra hai, usake viparIta dharma Adi kA mArga kSamAdi guNa lie hue mRdu vA karuNA se otaprota hai| ina sabhI kI ikAiyA~ haiM, pudgala dravya yA bhAva ke pramANoM se, karma ke dravya vA bhAva pramANoM se tathA jIva ke dravya vA bhAva pramANoM se otaprota haiM tathA unake bIca jo sambandha gaNita dvArA prakAza meM Ate haiM ve sabhI eka vilakSaNa -kampyuTara ke dvArA bhI nirdiSTa kiye jAne meM ati kaThina paheliyoM sAmane lAte haiN| itanA sArA nyAsa (DATA) kisa prakAra kI kSamatA vAle kampyUTara meM lAyA jA sakegA, vaha aNuvijJAna kI kaThinatama samasyAoM se bhI Age hai| jaise DI. ena. e., Ara. ena.e. Adi kI vizAla zRMkhalAe~ bhinna-bhinna jIvoM meM bhinna-bhinna prakAra se banatI calI AI haiM yA banatI calI jAyeMgI, vaha Azcaryajanaka rUpa alaga-alaga jIvoM ke sattva rUpa meM sthitiracanA yaMtra meM yA Tensara rUpa samIkaraNa meM samayaprabaddha rUpa meM dekhI jA sakatI hai| DI.ena.e. ko jIvana kI kuMjI mAnA jAtA hai, vaise hI nAmakarma kI uttaraprakRtiyoM dvArA jIvana kI saMracanA pahicAnakara eka naI vimA meM, vidhA meM, pahu~cA jA sakatA hai| jaba bhI asAtA vedanIya karma kA udaya, udIraNA rUpa AtA hai tabhI samajha leM ki DI.ena.e. Adi ke kArya meM koI vikAra AyA hai, aura usa samaya, jaise Aja DI.ena.e. ko jineTika iMjIniyariMga dvArA kATakara naye avikRta DI.ena.e. kI zaMkhalA pesTakara bImAriyoM ko dUra karane ke prayAsa cala rahe haiM, usI prakAra jainakarmavAda meM bhI jIvana kI kuMjI ko vizuddhi rUpa sAtAvedanIya pariNAmoM kI utpatti kara asAtAvedanIya ko haTAne kA upakrama sIkhA jA sakatA hai| jahA~ bandha ke kAraNa ke lie aSTama adhyAya tattvArthasUtra (8/1) meM mithyAdarzana, avirati, pramAda, kaSAya aura yoga ko hetu mAnA jAtA hai, vahA~ hameM kaSAya aura yoga ke gaNitIya rUpa milate haiN| zeSa kA gaNitIya rUpa zodha kA viSaya banatA hai| vibhinna prakatiyoM ke sthiti bandha ke utkaSTa aura jaghanya pramANa kisa AdhAra para nizcita kiye gaye. yaha bhI zodha kI preraNA detA hai| bandha kA lakSaNa sUtra (8/2) meM diyA gayA hai| samasta loka meM kArmaNa jAti kI vargaNAe~ bharI huI haiM, tathA samasta jIvoM ke sAtha prakRtyA eka kSetrAvagAhI haiM, unakA kaSAya ke sAnidhya meM jo viziSTa sambandha ho jAtA hai vahI bandha kahA jAtA hai| phira una baddha karmo ke udaya meM kaSAya hotI hai, phira bandha hotA hai, isI paramparA ko saMsAra kahate haiN| smaraNa rahe ki kaSAya kI ikAI ko karma paramANuoM ke anubhAga ke AdhAra para taya kiyA jAtA hai, kintu yoga kI ikAI ko AtmA ke pradezoM ke parispanda se gaNitIya rUpa meM nirdhArita kiyA jAtA hai| karmoM ke ATha mUla prakAra haiM aura unake udaya se tadanusAra una karma prakRtiyoM ke saMvedanAdi hote haiN| tattvArthasUtra meM sUtra (6/1) meM AtmA ke pradezoM ke parispanda ko (halana-calana ko) yoga kahA gayA hai| Atmapradeza parispanda mana, vacana, kAya kI pravRtti ke nimitta se hotA hai| isa kAraNa nimitta kAraNa meM kArya kA upacAra karake zarIra mana kI kriyA ko yoga kahA gayA hai / (6/2) ke anusAra yoga ke nimitta se karmoM kA Asava hotA hai, ata: yoga ko Asava kahA gayA hai| navama adhyAya ke prathama sUtra meM karmoM ke Asava ko ruka jAne ko saMvara kahA gayA hai jisake kAraNa (9/2) meM gupti, samiti, dharma, anuprekSA, parISahajaya va cAritra rUpa bhAvoM dvArA batalAyA gayA hai| yahI Age tapa ke dvArA nirjarA bhI honA batalAyA hai| Age bAhyatapa aura Abhyantaratapa ke bheda-prabheda batalAye gaye haiM / antaraMga tapa meM antima Page #245 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ prakAra dhyAna kahA gayA hai jisake dharmadhyAna va zukladhyAna ke rUpoM meM pahuMcane para karma dhyAnAgni ke kAraNa tathA jJAna dhauMkanI ke prayoga se jalA denA, vinaSTa kara denA, eka aisI prakriyA hai jo AtmA ko kavitA se mukta karatI hai| labdhisAra meM isa sampUrNa prakriyA ko gaNitIya rUpa diyA gayA hai jo jayadhavalA yA kaSAyaprAbhRta kA sAra rUpa gaNitIya vidhA ko sammukha lAtA hai| buddhi aura prajJA, donoM kA apratima prayoga kiyA gayA hai, kyoMki buddhi kA kArya bIjagaNita samhAlatI hai aura prajJA kA kArya saMkhyAta aMkagaNita tathA AkAra rUpa gaNita samhAlatI hai / isa prakAra ina granthoM meM karmoM ke bandha kA, karmoM ke upazama, kSayopazama, kSaya, guNasthAnoM Adi ke sambandha sammukha rakhate hue gaNitIya pramANa diye gaye haiM gaNasthAnoM kA sambandha tadavasthita jIva ke bhAvoM va pariNAmoM se jor3A jAtA hai. ye kSAyopazamika vA aupazamika bhAvoM ke prabhAvoM rUpa hotA hai tathA gaNitIya adhyAtmavAda kI ora le jAtA pratIta hotA hai| isa prakAra karmavAda kA gaNita aneka vimAoM para AdhArita hotA hai, jo Adhunika jIvavijJAna, rasAyana vijJAna, bhautikavijJAna Adi ke sayukta rUpa se pravartita gaNitIya rUpa se bhI Age le jAtA hai| jo bhI ho, yaha adhyayana atyanta lAbhadAyI ho sakatA hai| ___ Adhunika sabhyatA cAhe jitane Age nikala gaI ho, kintu prakRti ke prakopoM se bacAne meM, mRtyu ko jItane meM, mAnavIya sambandhoM ko priya banAne meM saphala nahIM ho sakI hai| yahI kAraNa hai ki dharma udbhAvanA pratyeka vyakti ko prerita karane kI ora kabhI miTa nahIM sakatI hai| ho sakatA hai ki karma aura dharma ke bheda ko yathocita rUpa se samajhane meM bhrama ho, ata: karma vA dharma ke gaNitIya rUpa kI ora bar3hane meM jo saketa hameM tattvArthasUtra meM prApta hote haiM unako vizeSa rUpa se vivecita kiyA jAnA Avazyaka hai| paryuSaNaparva ke samaya yA ziviroM meM ina pramukha gaNitIya rUpoM ko mAtra zraddhA kA viSaya na banAkara UhApoha vivecanA kA viSaya Adhunika vaijJAnika vidhAoM ke sammukha rakhate hue zakAoM kA samAdhAna karanA kalyANaprada hogaa| yaha samAja ke lie advittIya saubhAgya kI bAta hai ki pUjya munipugava zrI 108 pramANasAgara dvArA tattvArthasUtra ke aise hI vizAla adhyayana kI ora vidvAnoM ko tathA janasAmAnya ko prerita kiyA gayA hai| aise hI uddezyoM ko lekara unake dvArA aneka nagaroM me jo preraNAspada kriyA kalApa prArambha kiye gaye hai, ve eka naye itihAsa ke nirmANa kA saMketa de rahe haiM / yahI mArga sambagdarzana kI ora le jAtA huA dRSTigata ho rahA hai, jisake asahAya parAkrama ko prApta karane kI Aja aparihAryatA anubhava meM A rahI hai| tabhI saMyama Adi dhArmika cAritra paripUrNatA kI ora agrasara ho sakeMge tathA unheM nizcita hI zAna kI jar3eM sudRr3ha saMkalpoM ke dAyare meM le jA skeNgii| santaziromaNi gurudeva pUjya zrI 108 AcArya vidyAsAgara jI ke sAye meM isa saMsAra sAgara meM. aisI hI saMyoSThiyoM yA zivira prakriyA prakAza stambha kA kArya samhAla skeNgii| Page #246 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ 190/sA -ni karma-bandha kI prakriyA * . jineza jaina, pratijJAcArya jainadarzana ke sAta tatvoM meM se Adi ke do tattva arthAta jIva aura ajIva tattvoM kA nirUpaNa pramukha rUpa se kiyA jAtA hai| yathArthatayA inakA hI vistAra zeSa tatvoM kA astitva paidA karatA hai| ajIva tasva se hI kramaza: Asrava aura bandha nAmaka tatvoM svarUpa grahaNa karate haiN| inakA hI vizeSa vivaraNa yahA~ apekSita hai, cUMki yaha viSaya karma-siddhAnta kA hai, ata: ise Adhunika bhASA meM jaina manovijJAna bhI kaha sakate haiN| Asava karmoM ke Agamana ko 'Asava' kahate haiN| jaise nAlI Adi ke mAdhyama se tAlAba Adi jalAzayoM meM jala praviSTa hotA hai, vaise hI karma-pravAha AtmA meM Asrava dvAra se praveza karatA hai| Asava karma-pravAha ko bhItara praveza dene vAlA dvAra hai| jainadarzana ke anusAra yaha loka pudgala-vargaNAoM se ThasAThasa bharA hai / unameM se kucha aisI pudgala-vargaNAe~ haiM jo karma Nata hone kI kSamatA rakhatI haiM. ina vargaNAoM ko karma-vargaNA kahate haiN| jIva kI mAnasika. vAcika aura kAyika pravRttiyoM ke nimitta se ye kArmaNa-vargaNAe~ jIva kI ora AkRSTa ho, karma rUpa meM pariNata ho jAtI haiM aura jIva ke sAtha unakA sambandha ho jAtA hai / karmavargaNAoM kA karma rUpa meM pariNata ho jAnA hI Asava hai| jaina karma-siddhAnta ke anusAra jIvAtmA me mana, vacana aura zarIra rUpa tIna aisI zaktiyA~ haiM, jinase pratyeka saMsArI prANI meM hara samaya eka vizeSa prakAra kA prakampana/parispanda hotA rahatA hai| isa parispandana ke kAraNa jIva ke pratyeka pradeza, sAgara meM uThane vAlI laharoM kI taraha taraMgAyita hote rahate haiN| jIva ke ukta parispandana ke nimitta se karmavargaNAe~ karma rUpa se pariNata hokara jIva ke sAtha sambandha ko prApta ho jAtI haiM, ise 'yoga' kahate haiN| yaha yoga hI hame karmoM se jor3atA hai, isalie 'yoga' yaha isakI sArthaka saMjJA hai| yoga ko hI 'Asava' kahate haiN| 'Asava' kA zAbdika artha hai 'saba ora se AnA', 'bahanA', 'rimanA' Adi / isa dRSTi se karmo ke Agamana ko Asrava karate haiN| isakA artha yaha nahIM hai ki karma kisI bhinna kSetra se Ate hoM, apitu hama jahA~ haiM, karma vahIM bhare par3e haiN| yoga kA nimitta pAte hI karma-vargaNAe~ karma rUpa se pariNata ho jAtI haiN| karma-vargaNAoM kA karma rUpa se pariNata ho jAnA hI Asava kahalAtA hai| 1. dravyasaMgraha, TIkA 28, 2. tattvArthavArtika, 6/2/4, 3.jainendra siddhAnta koza,3/513 1. kAyavAGmanaH karma yogH| - tattvArthasUtra, 6/1 2.sa AsavaH / vahI, 6/2 3. tasvArthavRtti, zrutasAgara, 6/2 * adhiSThAtA, zrI varNI digambara jaina gurukula, pisanahArI, jabalapura, 0761-2370991 Page #247 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ mana, vacana aura kAya kI pravRtti zubha aura azubha ke bheda se do prakAra kI hotI hai| zubha pravRtti ko zubha yoka tathA azubha pravRtti ko azubha yoga kahate haiN| zubha yoga zubhAsava kA kAraNa hai tathA azubha yoga se azubha karmoM kA mAmaya hotA hai| vizvakSema kI bhAvanA, sabakA hita-cintana, dayA, karuNA aura premapUrNa zubha manoyoga hai| priya-sambhASaNa, hitakArI vacana, kalyANakArI upadeza 'zubhavacanayoga' ke udAharaNa haiM tathA paropakAra, dAna evaM devapUjA Adi 'zubhakAyayoga' ke kArya haiN| inase viparIta pravRttiyA~ 'azubhayoga' kahalAtI haiN| . Asabake bheda / Asava ke dravyAsava aura bhAvAsava rUpa do bheda haiN| jina zubhAzubha bhAvoM se kArmaNa vargaNAe~ karma rUpa pariNata hotI haiM, use 'bhAbAsava' kahate haiM tathA una vargaNAoM kA karma-rUpa pariNata ho jAnA 'dravyAsava' hai| dasare zabdoM meM jina bhAvoM se karma Ate haiM, vaha bhAvAsrava hai tathA karmoM kA Agamana dravyAsava hai| jaise- chidra se nAva meM jala praveza kara jAtA hai, vaise hI jIva ke mana, vacana, kAya ke chidra se hI karma-vargaNAe~ AkarSita/praviSTa hotI haiN| chidra honA bhAvAsava kA tathA karmajala kA praveza karanA, dravyAsava kA pratIka hai| sakaSAya aura niSkaSAya jIvoM kI apekSA dravyAsava do prakAra kA kahA gayA hai - 1. sAmparAyika aura 2. IryApathA' 1. sAmparAyika mAnava - 'sAmparAya' kA artha kaSAya hotA hai / yaha saMsAra kA paryAyavAcI hai| krodhAdika vikAroM ke sAtha hone vAle Amrava ko 'sAmparAyika-Asava' kahate haiN| yaha Asrava AtmA ke sAtha dIrghakAla taka TikA rahatA hai / kaSAya snigdhatA kA pratIka hai| jaise telasikta zarIra meM dhUla cipakakara dIrghakAla taka TikI rahatI hai, vaise hI kaSAya sahita hone vAlA yaha Amrava bhI dIrghakAla avasthAyI rahatA hai| 2.Ipiya mAnava - Asrava kA dUsarA bheda IyaryApatha hai| yaha mArgagAmI hai arthAt Ate hI calA jAtA hai, ThaharatA nhiiN| jisa prakAra sApha-svaccha darpaNa para par3ane vAlI dhUla usameM cipakatI nahIM hai, usI prakAra niSkaSAya, jIvana-mukta mahAtmAoM ke yoga mAtra se hone vAlA Asava 'IryApatha Asava' kahalAtA hai| kaSAyoM kA abhAva ho jAne ke kAraNa yaha dIrghakAla taka nahIM Thahara paataa| isakI sthiti eka samaya kI hotI hai| Asava ke kAraNa jainAgama meM Asava ke pA~ca kAraNa batAye haiM - 1. mithyAtva, 2. avirati, 3. pramAda, 4. kaSAya aura 5. yoga / 1: mithyAtva - viparIta zraddhA yA tattvajJAna ke abhAva ko mithyAtva kahate haiN| viparIta zraddhA ke kAraNa zarIra Adi jaDa padArthoM meM caitanya buddhi, atattva meM tattvabuddhi akarma meM karmabuddhi Adi viparIta mAnyatA/prarUpaNA mAnI jAtI hai| mithyAtva ke kAraNa jIva ko sva-para viveka nahIM ho pAtA / padArthoM ke svarUpa meM bhrAnti banI rahatI hai| kalyANamArga meM sahI zraddhA nahIM hotii| yaha mithyAtva sahaja aura gRhIta donoM prakAra se hotA hai| donoM prakAra ke mithyAtva meM tasvarUci jAgRta 1. zubhaH puNyasyAzubhaH pApasya / - tattvArthasUtra, 6/3 2, sarvArthasidi, 6/ 3. tattvArthasUtra, 6/4 4. tattvArthavArtika, 6/4/7, 5. dravyasaMgraha, mAthA 30,.. Page #248 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ nA nahIM hotI hai| jIva kuguru, kudeva, kudharma aura loka mUr3hatAoM ko hI dharma mAnatA hai| mithyAtva hI doSoM kA mUla hai, isalie ise jIva kA sabase bar3A ahitakArI kahA gayA hai| isa mithyAtva ke pA~ca bheda haiM - 1. ekAntamithyAtva - vastu ke kisI eka pakSa ko hI pUrI vastu mAna lenA, jaise padArtha nitya hI hai yA anitya hI hai| anekAtmaka vastu tattva ko na samajha kara ekAMgI dRSTi banAye rakhanA / vastu ke pUrNa svarUpa se aparicita rahane ke kAraNa satyAMza ko hI satya samajha lenaa| 2. viparItamithyAtva - padArtha ko anyathA mAnakara adharma meM dharmabuddhi rkhnaa| 3.vinayamithyAtva - satya-asatya kA vicAra kiye binA tathA viveka ke abhAva meM jisa kisI kI vinaya ko hI apanA kalyANakArI maannaa| 4. saMzayamithyAtva - tattva aura atattva ke bIca saMdeha meM jhUlate rhnaa| 5. ajJAnamithyAtva - janma-janmAntaroM ke saMskAra ke kAraNa vicAra aura viveka-zUnyatA se utpanna atttvshrddhaan| 2. mavirati - sadAcAra yA samyakcAritra ko grahaNa karane kI ora ruci yA pravRtti kA na honA avirati hai| manuSya kadAcit cAhe bhI to, kaSAyoM kA aisA tIvra udaya rahatA hai, jisase vaha AMzika samyakcAritra bhI grahaNa nahIM kara paataa| 3. pramAda - pramAda kA artha hotA hai 'asAvadhAnI' / AtmavismaraNa yA ajAgRti ko pramAda kahate haiM / adhika spaSTa kareM to kartavya aura akartavya ke prasaga meM sAvadhAnI na rakhanA pramAda hai| kuzala kAryoM ke prati anAdara yA anAsthA honA bhI pramAda hai / ' pramAda ke pandraha bheda haiM - pA~ca indriya, cAra vikathA, cAra kaSAya, sneha aura nidrA / pA~coM indriyoM ke viSaya meM tallIna rahane ke kAraNa rAjakathA, corakathA, strIkathA aura bhojanakathA Adi vikathAoM meM rasa lene ke kAraNa krodha, mAna, mAyA evaM lobha ina cAra kaSAyoM se kaluSita hone ke kAraNa tathA nidrA, sneha Adi meM magna rahane ke kAraNa kuzala kAryoM meM anAdara bhAva utpanna hotA hai| isa prakAra kI asAvadhAnI se kuzala karmoM ke prati anAsthA bhI utpanna hotI hai aura hiMsA kI bhUmikA taiyAra hotI hai| hiMsA kA mukhya kAraNa pramAda hai 4. kavAya - 'kaSAya' zabda do zabdoM ke mela se banA hai 'kaS + Aya' / ka kA artha saMsAra hai, kyoMki isame prANI vividha duHkhoM ke dvArA kaSTa pAte haiM, Aya kA artha hai lAbha / isa prakAra kaSAya kA sammivida artha huA ki jIva ko jina bhAboM ke dvArA saMsAra kI prApti ho, ve kaSAyabhAva haiN|' vastutaH kaSAyoM kA vega bahuta hI prabala hai| janma-maraNa rUpa yaha saMsAra vRkSa kaSAyoM ke kAraNa hI harA-bharA rahatA hai| yadi kaSAyoM kA abhAva ho, to janma-maraNa kI zRMkhalA rUpa yaha viSa-vRkSa svayaM hI sUkhakA naSTa ho jaae| kaSAya hI samasta sukha-duHkhoM kA mUla hai| kaSAya ko kRSaka kI upamA dete hue paMcasaMgraha meM kahA gayA hai ki kaSAya eka aisA kRSaka hai, jo cAroM gatiyoM kI mer3a vAle karma rUpI kheta ko jotakara sukha-duHkha rUpI aneka prakAra ke dhAnya utpanna karatA hai|" 1. tattvAryavArtika, 8/1/6, 2.kuzalekhanAdara: prmaadH|- sarvArthasiddhi, 8/1, 3. paMcasaMgraha, prAkRta, 1/15 4. kapaH saMsAra: tasya Aya: prAptayaH kssaayaaH|-pNcsNgrh, svopaja, 3/35 Page #249 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ AcArya bIrasena svAmI ne bhI kaSAya kI karmotAdakatA ke sambandha meM likhA hai, jo duHkha rUpa dhAnyAko paidA karane vAle karma rUpI kheta kA karSaNa karate haiM, jotate haiM, phalavAna karate haiM ve krodha-mAnAdika kavAya haiN| krodha, mAna, mAyA, lobha ke bheda se kaSAya ke cAra bheda haiN| inameM krodha aura mAna dveSarUpa haiM tathA mAyA aura lobha rAga-rUpa haiN| rAma aura deSa samasta anarthoM kA mUla hai| .yoba-jIva ke pradezoM meM jo parispandana/prakampana yA halana calana hotA hai, use yoga kahate haiN| (yoga kA prasiddha artha yama-niyamAdi kriyAe~ haiM, para vaha artha yahA~ abhipreta nahIM hai|) jainadarzana ke anusAra mana, vacana aura kAya se hone vAlI AtmA kI kriyA karma-paramANuoM ke sAtha AtmA kA yoga arthAt sambandha karAtI hai| isI artha meM ise yoga kahA jAtA hai| yaha yoga pravRtti ke bheda se tIna prakAra kA hai - manoyoga, vanayoga aura kAyayoga / jIva kI kAyika (zarIra) pravRtti ko kAyayoga tathA vAcanika aura mAnasika pravRtti ko kramaza: vacana aura manoyoga kahate haiN| pratyayoM ke pAMca hone kA prayojana - AtmA ke guNoM kA vikAsa batAne ke lie jainadarzana meM caudaha guNasthAnoM kA nirUpaNa kiyA gayA hai| unameM jina doSoM ke dUra hone para AtmA kI unnati mAnI gaI hai, unhIM doSoM ko yahA~ Asava ke hetu meM parigaNita kiyA gayA hai| U~ce car3hate samaya pahale mithyAtva jAtA hai, phira abirati jAtI hai, taduparAnta pramAda chUTatA hai, phira kaSAya aura anta meM yoga kA sarvathA nirodha hone para AtmA saba karmoM se mukta hokara siddha avasthA ko prApta karatI hai| isalie mithyAtva, avirati, pramAda, kaSAya aura yoga, yaha krama rakhA gayA hai| yahA~ yaha vizeSa dhyAtavya hai ki pUrva-pUrva ke kAraNoM ke rahane para uttarottara kAraNa anivArya rUpa se rahate haiN| jaise- mithyAtva ke hone para zeSa cAroM kAraNa bhI raheMge, kintu avirati rahane para mithyAtva rahe, yaha koI niyama nahIM hai| bhinna-bhinna adhikaraNoM kI apekSA hI ukta pratyaya batAye gae haiN| karma rUpa meM badale hue pudgala paramANuoM kA jIvAtmA ke sAtha eka kSetrAvagAha sambandha ho jAnA bandha hai| do padArthoM ke mela ko bandha kahate haiN| yaha sambandha dhana aura dhanI kI taraha kA nahIM hai, na hI gAya ke gale meM bandhane vAlI rassI kI taraha kA, varan bandha kA artha jIva aura karma-pudgaloM kA milakara ekameka ho jAne se hai| dUdha meM jala kI taraha AtmA ke pradezoM meM karma pradezoM kA ekameka ho jAnA hI bandha kahalAtA hai / jisa prakAra sone aura tA~be ke saMyoga se eka vijAtIya avasthA utpanna ho jAtI hai, athavA hAiDrojana aura oNksIjana rUpa do gaisoM ke sammizraNa se jala rUpa eka vijAtIya padArtha kI utpatti ho jAtI hai, usI prakAra bandha paryAya meM jIva aura pudgaloM kI eka vijAtIya avasthA utpanna ho jAtI hai, jo na to zuddha jIva meM pAI jAtI hai, na hI zuddha pudgaloM meN| isakA artha yaha nahIM hai ki bandhAvasthA meM jIva aura pudgala karma sarvathA apane svabhAva se cyuta ho jAte haiM tathA phira unheM pRthak kiyA hI nahIM jA sktaa| unheM pRthakU bhI kiyA jA sakatA hai - jaise mizrita sone aura tA~be ko galAkara athavA 1. suhadukkha bahusassa kammaklette kasei jIvatsa saMsAramera seNa kasAottiNa viti|| 2. duHkha bhasya karmakSetra karSanti phalavat kurvantIti, kaSAyAH krodhamAnamAyAlomA:-dhavalA pu6/41 3. sarvArthasiddhi,6/1 4. prayojanasya guNasthAnabhedena bandhahetuvikalpayojana boDavyamA-tatvAryavRtti,bhAskaranandi pR453 ba.vistarastu guNasthAnakramApekSA pUrvoktaM catuSTayaM paMca yA kAraNAni bhavanti / jainadarzanasAra,pR. 4 5. bhAsavarAtakarmaNaH bhAtmanA saMyogaH bndhH| - tatvArthAdhigama bhASya, haribhadra, 1/3 - Page #250 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ 194 / satyArtha-niya prayoga vizeSa se jala ko punaH hAiDrojana aura oNksIjana rUpa meM pariNata kiyA jA sakatA hai| usI prakAra karmabaddha jIva bhI apane puruSArthajanya prayoga ke bala se apane Apako karmoM se pRthak kara sakatA hai| A jIva ke mana, vacana aura kAya kI pravRtti ke nimitta se kArmaNa vargaNAoM kA karma rUpa se pariNata honA 'Amrava' hai tathA Amravita karma - pudgaloM kA jIva ke rAgadveSa Adi vikAroM ke nimitta se AtmA ke sAtha ekAkAra eka rasa ho jAnA hI 'bandha' hai / bandha AmravapUrvaka hI hotA hai| isIlie Asrava ko bandha kA hetu kahate haiN|' Asrava aura bandha donoM yugapat hote haiN| unameM koI samaya bheda nahIM hai| Asrava aura bandha kA yahI sambandha hai| sAmAnyatayA Asrava ke kAraNoM ko hI bandha kA kAraNa (kAraNa kA kAraNa hone se) kaha dete haiM, kintu bandha ke lie alaga zaktiyA~ kArya karatI haiN| bandha ke kAraNa - mUla rUpa se do hI zaktiyoM karma bandha kA kAraNa haiM- yoga aura kaSAya / yoga rUpa zakti ke kAraNa karma vargaNAe~ jI kI ora AkRSTa hotI haiM tathA rAgadveSa Adi rUpa manovikAra kaSAyoM kA nimitta pAkara jIvAtmA ke sAtha cipaka jAte haiM arthAt yoga zakti ke kAraNa karma vargaNAeN karma rUpa meM badala jAtI haiM tathA kaSAyo ke kAraNa unakA AtmA ke sAtha saMzleSa rUpa eka kSetrAvagAha sambandha hotA hai| isa prakAra spaSTa hai ki karma-bandha meM mUla rUpa se do zaktiyA~ yoga aura kaSAya kAma karatI haiN| ina donoM zaktiyoM meM se kaSAyoM ko goMda kI, yoga ko vAyu kI, karma ko dhUla kI tathA jIva ko dIvAra kI upamA dI jAtI hai| dIvAra gIlI ho arthAt usa para goMda lagI ho to vAyu se prerita dhUla usa para cipaka jAtI hai, kintu sAphasvaccha dIvAra para vaha cipake binA jhaDakara gira jAtI hai| usI prakAra yoga rUpI vAyu se prerita karma bhI kaSAya rUpI goda yukta AtmapradezoM se cipaka jAtI hai| dhUla kI hInAdhikatA vAyu ke vega para nirbhara karatI hai tathA unakA Tike rahanA yA cipakA rahanA goMda kI pragAr3hatA aura patalepana para avalambita hai| goda ke pragAr3ha hone para dhUla kI cipakana bhI pragAr3ha hotI hai tathA usake patale hone para dhUla kI cipakana bhI alpakAlika hotI hai| usI prakAra yoga kI adhikatA se karma pradeza adhika Ate haiM tathA unakI hInatA se alpa / utkRSTa yoga hone para karma pradeza utkRSTa ba~dhate haiM tathA jaghanya hone para jaghanya / usI prakAra yadi kaSAya pragAr3ha hotI haiM to karma adhika samaya taka Tikate haiM tathA unakA phala bhI adhika milatA hai| kaSAyoM ke manda hone para karma bhI kama samaya taka Tikate haiM tathA unakA phala bhI alpa milatA hai| isa prakAra yoga aura kaSAya rUpI zaktiyA~ hI bandha ke pramukha kAraNa haiN| isalie jainadharma meM kaSAya ke tyAga para jora dete hue kahA gayA hai ki 'jo bandha nahIM karanA cAhate, unheM kaSAyeM bhI nahIM karanA caahie|" bandha ke bheda dravya bandha aura bhAva bandha kI apekSA bandha ke do bheda kiye gae haiN| jina rAga, dveSa, moha Adi manovikAroM se karmoM kA bandha hotA hai, unheM 'bhAvabandha' kahate haiM tathA karma-pudgaloM kA AtmA ke sAtha ekAkAra / jAnA 'dravyabandha' hai| ' bhAvabandha hI dravyabandha kA kAraNa hai, ataH use pradhAna samajhakara usase bacanA caahie| sarvArthasiddhi, 1/4, 1. AtmakarmaNoranyonyapravezAnupravezAtmako bandhaH / 2. Amro bandhaheturbhavati / - jainadarzanasAra, pR. 44 3. satkAryasUtra, 3/22. dravyasagraha, TIkA 33, 4. mokSamArgaprakAzaka, pR. 35 5. saMgraha TIkA 32 Page #251 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ wom ambandha meda - dravyabandha ke cAra bheda kiye gae haiM * 1, prakRtibandha, 2. pradezabandha, 3, sthitibandha aura . anubhAmabandha / ' . . . . :' prakRtibandha - prakRti kA artha hai svabhAva/karmabandha ke samaya baMdhane vAle karma paramANuoM meM bandhana kA svabhAva nirdhAraNa honA prakRtibandha hai| prakRtibandha yaha nizcita karatA hai ki karma-vargaNA rUpa pudgala AtmA kI jJAna-darzana Adi kisa zakti ko AvRtta/AcchAdita kreNge| pradezabandha - ba~dhe hue karmaparamANuoM kI mAtrA ko pradezabandha kahate haiM sthitibandha - ba~dhe hue karma jaba taka apanA phala dene kI sthiti meM rahate haiM, taba taka kI kAla maryAdA ko sthitibandha kahate haiN| sabhI karmoM kI apanI-apanI sthiti hotI hai| kucha karma kSaNabhara Tikate haiM tathA kucha karma atidIrgha kAla taka AtmA ke sAtha cipake rahate haiN| unake isa Tike rahane kI kAla-maryAdA kohI sthitibandha kahate haiN| jisa prakAra gAya, bhaiMsa, bakarI Adi ke dUdha meM mAdhurya eka nizcita kAlAvadhi taka hI rahatA hai, usake bAda vaha vikRta ho jAtA hai| usI prakAra pratyeka karma kA svabhAva bhI eka nizcita kAla taka hI rahatA hai| yaha maryAdA arthAt kAla kI sImA hI sthitibandha hai, jisakA nirdhAraNa jIva ke bhAvoM ke anusAra karma ba~dhate samaya hI ho jAtA hai aura karma tabhI taka phala dete haiM, jaba taka ki unakI sthiti hotI hai| ise kAla-maryAdA bhI kaha sakate haiN| anubhAvabandha - karmoM kI phaladAna-zakti ko anubhAgabandha kahate haiN| karmaphala kI tIvratA mandatA isI para avalambita hai| prakRtibandha sAmAnya hai / apane-apane svabhAva ke anurUpa karma A to jAte haiM, kintu unameM taratamatA anubhAgabandha ke kAraNa hI AtI hai| jaise - ganne kA svabhAva mIThA hai, para vaha kitanA mIThA hai, yaha usameM rahane vAlI miThAsa para hI nirbhara hai / jJAnAvaraNIya karma kA svabhAva jJAna ko DhA~kanA hai, para vaha kitanA DhAke, yaha usake anubhAgabandha kI taratamatA para nirbhara hai| prakRtibandha aura anubhAgabandha meM itanA hI antara hai| ___anubhAgabandha meM taratamatA hamAre zubhAzubha bhAvoM ke anusAra hotI rahatI hai| manda anubhAga meM hameM alpa sukha-duHkha hotA hai tathA anubhAga meM tIvratA hone para hamAre sukha-duHkha meM tIvratA hotI hai / jaise - ubalate hue jala ke eka kaTore se bhI hamArA zarIra jala jAtA hai, kintu sAmAnya garma jala se snAna karane se zarIra garma to hotA hai, para vaisA koI prabhAva nahIM pdd'taa| usI prakAra tIvra anubhAga yukta alpakarma bhI hamAre guNoM ko adhika ghAtate haiM tathA manda anubhAga yukta adhika karma-puMja bhI hamAre guNoM ko ghAtane meM utane samartha nahIM ho paate| isI kAraNa cAroM bandhoM meM anubhAgabandha kI hI pradhAnatA ina cAra prakAra ke bandhoM meM prakRtibandha aura pradezabandha yoga se hote haiM, jabaki sthitibandha aura anubhAgabandha kA kAraNa kaSAya hai| isa prakAra karmoM se baMdhA huA jIva vikArI hokara nAnA-yoniyoM meM bhaTakatA hai| karma hI jIva ko paratantra karate haiN| saMsAra meM jo vividhatA dikhAI detI hai, vaha saba karmavandhajanya hI hai| Asaba aura bandha ke svarUpa ko vizeSa rUpa se samajhane ke lie karma-siddhAnta para vicAra karanA Avazyaka hai| usake binA isa viSaya ko samajha pAnA asambhava hai| 1.a. tatvArthasUtra, 8/3. ba. paDiDidiaNubhAgA padesabhevA dubaduvidho bNdho| -vahI, 3 Page #252 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ dhyAna viSayaka mAnyatAoM kA samAyojana * DA.phUlacandra jaina 'premI' vizva kI cintanadhArA meM bhAratIya cintana kA viziSTa mahattva hai, kyoMki usakA mUla kendra AtmA hai / bhArata na hai| yahA~ ke RSi-muniyoM ne AtmA ke vikAsa ke lie dhyAna-yoga sAdhanA paddhatiyoM ko vizeSa mahattva diyA hai| jainacintakoM ne AtmavikAsa ke anveSaNa karane meM hI apane sAre jIvana kA samarpaNa kiyA hai| jaina AgamoM meM AtmA ko zarIra indriya eva mana Adi bhautika padArthoM se alaga eva svatantra mAnA gayA hai| rAga-dveSAdi vikAroM ke kAraNa hamArI AtmA sasAra meM paribhramaNa karatA hai / ina vikAro ke kSaya ke lie AcAryoM ne aneka mArgoM kI sarjanA kI, jinameM dhyAna (yoga) kA sarvAdhika mahattva hai| tIrthakara RSabhadeva jainetara sAhitya-parANoM, vedoM meM zreSThatama yogI ke rUpa meM ullikhita haiN| tIrthakara pArzvanAtha aura mahAvIra dvArA pratipAdita dhyAna sAdhanA paddhatiyo ke bahuta kucha sUtra hameM upalabdha AgamoM meM milate haiN| isa paramparA ke AcAryoM ne ina dhyAna-yoga sAdhanA paddhatiyoM kA Azraya lekara isa viSaya para zatAdhika mahattvapUrNa granthoM kI racanA kI, tAki pratyeka manuSya unake jJAnAmRta kA pAna karake AtmakalyANa ke mArga para agrasara hote rheN| AcArya dharasena, kundakunda, zivArya, vaTTakera, umAsvAmI, pUjyapAda, zubhacandra, guNabhadra, haribhadra, hemacandra, rAmasena, yazovijaya prabhRti aneka AcAryoM ne svatantra rUpa se yogadhyAna viSaya aneka maulika granthoM kA praNayana karake adhyAtma prathama dhyAna-yoga sAhitya kI zrIvRddhi kara isa patha para calane ke icchuka sAdhakoM kA mArgadarzana kiyaa| aneka AcAryoM kI prAkRta tathA saMskRta Adi bhASAoM meM nibaddha AtmAnuzAsana, jJAnArNava, yogazataka, yogazAstra kRtiyoM kAphI lokapriya aura prasiddha haiM, kintu Aja bhI padmanandikRta NANasAra, yogIndrakRta jJAnAMkuza, somasena traividyakRta samAdhisAra tathA bIsavIM zatAbdI ke AcArya sudharmasAgara viracita sudharmajJAnapradIpa jaise aneka grantha aise bhI haiM, jo atyanta mahattvapUrNa hote hue Aja bhI aprasiddha eva gumanAma haiN| nivRtti pradhAna jainadharma meM pichalI kucha zatAbdiyoM se jainetara vibhinna dharmo kI dhArmika kriyAkANDoM ke paraspara pratispardhAoM ke prabhAva se ina pravRttiyoM kA aisA prAbalya bar3hA ki jainadharma bhI achUtA na rahA / isake phalasvarUpa yoga, dhyAna, sAmAyika, tapa Adi AdhyAtmika U~cAI pradAna karane vAlI sAdhanA kI dhyAna-yoga Adi paddhatiyA~ jIvana meM gauNa ho gaI aura dhArmika kSetroM meM bAhya kriyAkANDoM kI pradhAnatA bar3hatI gii| isalie hamAre AcAryoM-muniyoM Adi ne samaya-samaya para svayaM gahana sayama aura dhyAna sAdhanA karake prAyogika rUpa meM anubhUta rahasyoM ko granthoM kI racanA dvArA mUrtarUpa pradAna karate rhe| *prophesara evaM adhyakSa, jainadarzana vibhAga, sampUrNAnanda saMskRta vizvavidyAlaya, vArANasI, - - Page #253 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ tasthArtha-nika- 197 vastutaH bhramaNa paramparA dhyAna yoga sAdhanA kI mUla bhitti para AdhArita hai| isakA sabase sabala pramANa hai jaina tIrthakaroM Adi kI dhyAnastha mudrA / saMsAra ke prAyaH sabhI dharmoM ke apane-apane iSTa devatAoM kI mUrtiyA~ vibhinna mudrAoM meM dekhane ko mileNgii| yahA~ taka ki vibhinna bhAva-bhaMgimAoM se yukta leTe, sote, baiThe, dekhate, gussAye, ha~sate tathA zAnta Adi rUpa - mudrAoM meM unakI mUrtiyA~ dekhane ko mileMgI, kintu jaina paramparA ke iSTa devatA tIrthaMkaroM Adi kI mUrtiyA~ cAhe padmAsana mudrA meM hoM yA khaDgAsana mudrA meM sabhI gahare dhyAna meM DUbI huI, prazAnta mukhamudrA, nAsAgra dRSTi evaM vItarAgatA ke bhAva se otaprota milegI, inake atirikta nhiiN| kyoMki zramaNa saMskRti kA mUla utsa hI dhyAna yoga sAdhanA hai / anya dharma-paramparAoM meM bhI yadi dhyAna yoga sAdhanA ke tattva haiM to ve zramaNa saMskRti ke prabhAva se haiN| isa prasaMga meM yaha tathya bhI hameM jAna lenA Avazyaka hai ki dArzanika jagat meM sAMkhya yogadarzana ko prAya: sarvAdhika prAcIna darzana kI mAnyatA pracalita hai| kucha vidvAnoM kA yaha bhI mAnanA hai ki yaha darzana kabhI zramaNa paramparA se sambaddha rahA hai, kintu na mAlUma yaha darzana kaba zramaNa paramparA se dUra hokara vaidika dhArA se juDa gyaa| jabaki Aja bhI yaha darzana aneka mAnyatAoM aura siddhAntoM meM vaidika darzana kI apekSA zramaNa darzana ke adhika najadIka hai| isakI aneka cintanadhArAyeM vaidika darzana ke bilkula viparIta haiN| isa dizA meM tathyapUrNa anusandhAna Avazyaka hai / tattvArthasUtra aura usameM pratipAdita dhyAna viSayaka avadhAraNAyeM - AcArya umAsvAmI praNIta tattvArthasUtra jainadharma kA eka sarvAGga paripUrNa pratinidhi zAstra hai, jise jainadharma ke sabhI sampradAyoM ko mAnya hai / yaha sUtra grantha hai ataH isameM tattva kA jo bhI kathana zabda meM kiyA gayA hai, vaha sUtra rUpa meM arthAt sakSipta zailI tathA sAragarbhita - kama se kama zabdoM meM kiyA gayA hai| IsA kI prathama zatI ke AsapAsa ke AcArya umAsvAmI ne isake naveM adhyAya meM chaha antaraga tapoM ke antargata antima tapa ke rUpa meM 'dhyAnatapa' kA vivecana sUtra saMkhyA 27 se lekara 44 taka mAtra 18 sUtroM meM dhyAna, usake bheda-prabheda Adi kA svarUpa sahita vivecana sAragarbhita rUpa meM kiyA hai / mAtra isa sakSipta vivecana ke AdhAra para paravartI AcAryoM ne isa dhyAna tapa kI aneka vizada vyAkhyAyeM prastuta kI, tathA aneka svatantra granthoM kA nirmANa kiyA / tattvArthasUtra ke pramukha vyAkhyA sAhitya jaise sarvArthasiddhi, tattvArthavArtika, tattvArthazlokavArtika, arthaprakAzikA tathA bIsavIM zatAbdI ke aneka hindI vyAkhyAkAroM ne bhI 'dhyAna' kA vizada vivecana prastuta kiyaa| vastutaH dhyAna yoga hai hI aisA prAyogika viSaya, jo pratyeka vyakti kI apanI kSamatA, apanI pravRtti tathA deza, kAla, bhAva Adi kArakoM para AdhArita hone se isakI vidhiyoM aura prakAroM kA nirantara vikAsa hotA rahA hai| isa dRSTi se jaba tattvArthasUtra tathA anya prAcIna prAkRta AgamoM kA adhyayana karate haiM taba inameM sUtra rUpa meM dhyAna yoga kA pratipAdana pAte haiM, jabaki AcArya zubhacandra ke jJAnArNava, AcArya rAmasena ke tattvAnuzAsana, AcArya guNabhadra kA AtmAnuzAsana tathA AcArya haribhadra evaM AcArya hemacandra Adi ke aneka paravartI yoga viSayaka zAstroM meM dhyAna yoga evaM isakI paddhatiyoM Adi kA kAphI vistAra aura vikAsa pAte haiN| bIsavIM sadI ke antima do-tIna dazakoM meM terApaMtha jaina zvetAmbara paramparA ke guruoM dvArA vikasita 'prekSA dhyAna' nAmaka dhyAna paddhati bhI jaina AgamoM meM dhyAna viSayaka bikhare hue sUtroM para AdhArita hai| jo bhI ho kintu jainadharma meM dhyAna sAdhanA paddhati kA mUla lakSya sAMsArika sukha kI prApti nahIM apitu AdhyAtmika vikAsa karate hue mokSa kI prApti mUla lakSya hai| AcArya zubhacandra ne jJAnArNava (3/27-8) meM kahA hai ki saMkSepa ruci vAloM ne tIna prakAra kA dhyAna mAnA hai| kyoMki jIva kA Azaya tIna prakAra kA hI hotA hai| prathama puNya rUpa zubha Azaya, dUsarA isakA vipakSI pApa rUpa Azana tathA tIsarA zuddhopayoga rUpa Azaya hai| Page #254 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ 198 / tatvArtha-nika - AcArya umAsvAmI ne tattvArthasUtra meM 'tapa' ke bAhya aura Abhyantara ye do bheda kiye haiN| inameM anazana, avaudarya, vRttiparisaMkhyAnaM, rasaparityAga, viviktazayyAsana aura kAyakleza- ye chaha bAhya tathA prAyazcitta, vinaya, vaiyAvRtya, svAdhyAya, vyutsarga aura dhyAna - ye chaha Abhyantara - isa prakAra tapa ke bAraha bheda haiN| tapa ke bAraha bhedoM kA ullekha prAya: sabhI AcAra-paraka granthoM meM hai| inake krama meM bhale hI thor3A antara ho / inameM bhI Abhyantara tapa ke antargata 'dhyAna' antima tapa hai| mujhe lagatA hai AcArya umAsvAmI ne eka anivArya aura sajaga praharI ke rUpa meM dhyAna ko antima tapa rakhA, tAki isake dvArA sabhI tapoM kI paripUrNatA banI raha ske| kyoMki binA dhyAna ke kisI bhI tapa kI sAdhanA apUrNa hai / | 'dhye cintAyAm' dhAtu se niSpanna dhyAna zabda kA artha hai cintana / sAmAnyataH eka viSaya meM cintana (cittavRtti) kA sthira karanA dhyAna hai| AcArya umAsvAmI ne dhyAna kI apanI paribhASA meM dhyAna kA adhikArI, dhyAna kA svarUpa aura dhyAna kA samaya ina tIna bAtoM kA samAveza karate hue kahA hai- 'uttamasaMhananasyaikAgracintAnirodho dhyAnamAntamuhUrtAt // ' 9 / 27 arthAt uttamasaMhanana vAle kA eka viSaya me antaHkaraNa kI vRtti kA sthApana karanA dhyAna hai / vaha antarmuhUrta arthAt adhika se adhika 48 minaTa paryanta rahatA hai| saMhanana ke chaha bheda haiM- vajraRSabhanArAca, vajranArAca, nArAca, ardhanArAca, kIlaka eva asaprAptAmRpATikA saMhanana | saMhanana arthAt haDDiyoM kA scy| pUrvokta sUtra me AcArya umAsvAmI ne sarvaprathama dhyAna kA adhikArI kauna ? isa prazna kA samAdhAna karate hue kahA hai ki uttama saMhananadhArI hI dhyAna kA adhikArI hai| kyoMki dhyAna ke lie jitane Antarika (mAnasika) bala kI AvazyakatA hai, utane hI zArIrika bala bhI Avazyaka hai| ina chaha sahananoM me uttama kauna ? svArthavArtika (9/27/1 ) meM kahA hai - AdyaM saMhananatrayamuttamam / .... kutaH ? dhyAnAdivRttivizeSahetutvAt / .... tatra mokSasya kAraNamAcamekameva / dhyAnasya tritayamapi | arthAt dhyAnAdi kI vRtti vizeSa kA kAraNa hone se Arambha ke tIna uttama sahanana kahe gaye haiN| kintu ina tInoM me mokSa kA kAraNa prathama saMhanana hotA hai, yadyapi ye tInoM sahanana dhyAna ke kAraNa to haiM hii| vastutaH itane samaya taka uttama saMhanana vAlA hI dhyAna kara sakatA hai, anya nahIM / AcArya zubhacandra ne jJAnArNava (41 /6-7) me isakA samAdhAna karate hue kahA hai ki prathama vajraRSabhasahanana vAle jIva ko zukladhyAna kahA hai, kyoMki isa sahanana vAle kA hI citta aisA hotA hai ki zarIra ko chedane, bhedane, mArane aura jalAne para bhI apane AtmA ko atyanta bhinna dekhatA huA, calAyamAna nahIM hotA, na varSAkAla Adi ke duHkhoM se kampAyamAna hotA hai| zvetAmbara jaina yA anya paramparAoM meM jahA~ strI ko mukti (mokSa) kA adhikArI batalAyA hai, ve digambara jaina paramparA mAnya strI-mukti niSedha sambandhI siddhAnta kI AlocanA bar3I bar3ha-car3hakara karate haiM, unheM AcArya kundakunda ke aSTapAhuDa tathA prameyakamalamArtaNDa me AcArya prabhAcandra kI strImukti khaNDana sambandhI sazakta yuktiyoM ko to par3hanA hI cAhie, sAtha hI unheM gommaTasAra karmakANDa kI vaha gAthA avazya dRSTavya hai, jisameM kahA hai - M aMtimatiyasaMdaDaNasudao puNa kammabhUmimahilANaM / AdimatirNa tviti vimerhi mihi // 32 // arthAt karmabhUmi kI striyoM meM anta ke tIna arthAt ardhanArAca, kIlita aura spATikA - ye tIna saMhananoM kA Page #255 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ udaya hotA hai| Arambha ke tIna uttama saMhanana ke anya kA abhAva hone se striyoM ko mokSa nahIM hotA / isa taraha uttama saMhanana ke abhAva meM jaba dhyAna kI hI sthiti nahIM bana sakatI; taMba.mokSa kI bAta ho kahA~pate : zvetAmbara paramparA ke sabhASya tattvArthAdhigama sUtra meM pUrvokta tatvArthasUtra ke dhyAna sambandhI paribhASA vAle eka sUtra ke sthAna para do sUtra haiM 'uttamasaMhamanasyaikAgracintAnirodho dhyAnam / / 27 / / tathA mAmuhAta / / 28 / / vastutaH sUtra grantha hone se eka hI sUtra kI bAta do sUtroM meM kahanA upayukta nahIM lgtaa| ina do sUtroM kA artha bhASya meM isa prakAra hai - uttama saMhananoM (Adi ke tIna) se yukta jIva ke ekAgra cintA kA jo nirodha hotA hai use dhyAna kahate haiM / / 27 / / vaha dhyAna adhika se adhika eka muhUrta taka ho sakatA hai, isase adhika kAla taka nahIM ho sktaa| kyoki adhika kAla ho jAne para durdhyAna ho jAtA hai / / 28 || vastutaH uttamasaMhanana arthAt atizaya vIrya se viziSTa zArIrika saMghaTana vAle AtmA ko jo eka vastuniSTha dhyAna hotA hai, vahI prazasta dhyAna hai / paM. kailAzacandra zAstrI ne (tattvArthasUtra 9/27 pR. 218) meM likhA hai ki jaba vicAra kA viSaya eka padArtha na hokara nAnA padArtha hote haiM taba vaha vicAra jJAna kahalAtA hai aura jaba vaha jJAna eka viSaya meM sthira ho jAtA hai taba use hI dhyAna kahate haiN| isIlie AcArya akalaka ne kahA hai ki jJAna vyagra hotA hai aura dhyAna ekAgra / ekAgra se tAtparya hai dhyAna anekamukhI na hokara ekamukhI (eka lakSya meM sthira) rahatA hai aura usa eka mukha meM hI saMkrama hotA rahatA hai, kyoMki dhyAna svavRtti hotA hai, isameM bAhya cintAoM se pUrNa nivRtti hotI hai| sAmAnyataH loga yogazcittavRttinirodhaH' arthAt cittavRtti ke nirodha ko yoga yA dhyAna kahate haiN| isIlie AcArya akalaMka deva tattvArthavArtika (9/27/5-22 . 626-7) meM likhate haiM ki- gamana, bhojana, zayana aura adhyayana Adi vividha kriyAoM meM bhaTakane vAlI cittavRtti kA eka kriyA meM roka denA nirodha hai / jisa prakAra vAyu rahita pradeza meM rispanda arthAta sthira rahatI hai, usI prakAra nirAkala deza meM eka lakSya meM baddhi aura zakti parvaka rokI gaI cittavRtti (cintA yA anta:karaNa vyApAra) binA vyAkSepa ke vahIM sthira rahatI hai| isa nizcala dIpazikhA ke samAna nizcala rUpa se avabhAsamAna jJAna hI dhyAna hai| dhyAna zataka (gAthA 2) meM cetanA ke cala aura sthira - ye do bheda karake cala cetanA ko cita aura sthira cetanA ko dhyAna kahA hai - jaM thiramajjhavasANaM, jhANaM jaM calaM tayaM cittaM / / 2 / / Age (gAthA saM. 3 meM) kahA hai ki citta aneka vastuoM yA viSayoM meM pravRtta hotA rahatA hai, use anya vastuoM yA viSayoM se nivRttakara eka vastu yA viSaya meM pravRtta karanA dhyAna hai| vastutaH hamArA cintana vividha viSayoM para satat calatA hI rahatA hai, para use hama dhyAna nahIM kaha sakate, kintu yadi vaha cintana yahA~-vahA~ se haTakara jitane samaya ke lie ekAgra yA eka viSaya para sthira hogA, use utane samaya kA dhyAna kahA jA sakatA hai| tattvArthasUtra meM dhyAna kI paribhASA meM ekAgra' pada kyoM grahaNa kiyA ? isakA samAdhAna tattvAnuzAsana meM bhI isa prakAra kiyA hai - ekAgra grahaNa bAjA vaivaacvinivRtye| vya dizAnameva smAt mAnakApramucyate // 7 // arthAt dhyAna ekAgra evaM jJAna vyagra arthAt vividha mukhoM yA avalambanoM ko lie hue hotA hai isIlie vyagratA kI vinivRtti ke lie dhyAna ke lakSaNa meM ekAgra pada grahaNa kiyaa| isa taraha dhyAna sAdhanA meM mana kI caMcalatA kA nirodha parama Avazyaka hai| binA mana ko jIte sAdhanA kI koI bhI kriyA vyartha hai, isIlie tatsvAnuzAsana meM kahA hai - Page #256 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ saMcinAcamanuprekSA svAmbAbo nityamukhataH / jabAva manaH maadhurinivaary-praamukhH||19|| arthAt jo sAdhaka sadA anuprekSAoM kA acchI taraha cintana karatA hai, svAdhyAya me udyamI aura indriya viSayo se prAya: mukha mor3e rahatA hai, vaha avazya hI mana ko jItatA hai| isIlie AcArya kundakunda rayaNasAra meM kahate hai - aAvaNameva mArNa, paMcediyaNiggahavasAyaM / / 95 // arthAt jinAgama kA adhyayana abhyAsa, paThana-pAThana aura pazcendriya nigraha dhyAna hai| paM. sukhalAla jI saghavI ne tattvArthasUtra (9/28 4 224) ke apane vivecana me likhA hai, ki kaI loga zvAsaucchvAsa roka rakhane ko hI dhyAna mAnate hai tathA anya kucha loga a i Adi mAtrAo se kAla kI gaNanA karane ko hI dhyAna mAnate haiN| parantu jaina paramparA meM yaha kathana svIkAra nahI kiyA gayA hai, kyoMki yadi sampUrNatayA zvAsa-ucchvAsa kriyA roka dI jAya to zarIra hI nahIM ttikegaa| isIlie manda yA mandatama zvAsa kA sacAra to dhyAnAvasthA me rahatA hI hai| isI prakAra jaba koI mAtrA se kAla ko ginegA, taba to ginatI ke kAma me aneka kriyAye karane meM laga jAne se usake mana ko ekAgra ke sthAna para vyagra hI mAnanA pddegaa|' yahI kAraNa hai ki divasa, mAsa, varSa aura usase adhika samaya taka dhyAna Tikane kI lokamAnyatA bhI jaina paramparA ko grAhya nahIM hai| isakA kAraNa yaha hai ki lambe samaya taka dhyAna sAdhane se indriyo kA upadhAta sambhava hai, ata: dhyAna ko antarmuharta se adhika kAla taka bar3hAnA kaThina hai| eka dina, eka ahorAtra athavA usase adhika samaya taka dhyAna kiyA' isa kathana kA abhiprAya itanA hI hai ki utane samaya taka dhyAna kA pravAha calatA rhaa| kisI bhI eka Alabana kA eka bAra dhyAna karake puna: usI Alambana kA kucha rUpAntara se yA dUsare hI Alambana kA dhyAna kiyA jAtA hai aura puna: isI prakAra Age bhI dhyAna kiyA jAtA hai to dhyAna pravAha bar3ha jAtA hai| tattvArthasUtrakAra ne dhyAna kI pUrvokta paribhASA ke sAtha hI dhyAna ke bheda-prabheda eva dhyAna ke phala Adi kA jo vivecana kiyA hai vaha sakSipta hote hue bhI aSTAga paripUrNa hai / isIlie vaidika paramparA me prasiddha maharSi pataJjali ne apane yoga-darzana meM yama, niyama, Asana, prANAyAma, pratyAhAra, dhAraNA, dhyAna aura samAdhi rUpa aSTAGga yoga sambandhI mAnyatA se haTakara tasvAnuzAsanakAra ne bilakula naye prakAra ke aSTAga yoga batalAye hai - yAtA pyAna phalaM devaM yasya yA padA pyaa| ityetadava boDaLa pvAtukAmena boginA / / 37 / / arthAta / dhyAtA - dhyAna karane vAlA, 2. dhyAna, 3. dhyAna kA phala (nirjarA eva savara), 4. dhyeya (dhyAna yogya padArtha) 5. yasya (jisa padArtha kA dhyAna karanA hai),6. yatra (jahA~ dhyAna karanA hai),1. yadA (jisa samaya dhyAna karanA hai bahakAla vizeSa). ha. yathA (jisa rIti se dhyAna karanA hai)| tattvArthasUtrakAra ke vivecana ke AdhAra para hI rAmasenAcArya ne inheM vivecanA kA viSaya bnaayaa| . bhAvArya umAsvAmI ne dhyAna kI paribhASA Adi kA mAtra pUrvokta eka sUtra (9/27) meM varNana karane ke bAda unhoMne sodhe-Arsa:ro dharma aura zukla dhyAna ke ye cAra bheda pratipAdita kiye, jabaki aneka AcAryoM ne maprazasta tathA prazasta Page #257 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ dhyAna ke rUpa meM dhyAna ke do bheda karake Arta aura raudradhyAna ko aprazasta tathA dharma aura zukla - ina do dhyAna ko prazasta dhyAna kI koTi meM rakhA hai| kintu AcArya umAsvAmI ne inakA prazasta aura aprazasta vibhAjana na karake pare mokSahetU arthAta ina cAra meM se anta ke do dhyAna mokSa ke kAraNa haiN| isI kathana ke mAdhyama se dhyAna kI prazastatA-aprazastatA kA saMketa AcArya umAsvAmI ne kara diyA ki dharma aura zukla - ye do dhyAna mokSa ke hetu hone se prazasta haiM tathA Arta aura raudra - ye do Arambha ke do dhyAna mokSa ke hetu na hone se aprazasta dhyAna haiN| SaTakhaNDAgama kI dhavalA TIkA (13/5. 4. 26/64/5) meM kahA hai - 'tatpajANe pasAri bahiyArA hotidhyAtA premaM dhyAnaM dhyAnaphalamiti' arthAt dhyAna ke viSaya meM cAra adhikAra haiM - dhyAtA, dhyeya, dhyAna aura dhyAnaphala / AcArya umAsvAmI ne ina cAroM kA alaga se pratipAdana to nahIM kiyA, kintu tattvArthasUtra ke isI naveM adhyAya ke sUtra saM. 27 ke sAtha hI 'mArIdradharmAzuklAni' tathA 'pare mokSahetU' ina 28 evaM 29 veM sUtra ke dvArA ina cAroM adhikAroM ko samAhita kara liyaa| ina cAroM kA svarUpa isa prakAra hai - 1. AdhyAna sarvArthasiddhi (9/28/874) meM kahA hai - 'RtaM duHkhama, ardanamartirvA tatra bhavanAtam' arthAt Rta kA artha da:kha hai aura artikA artha pIDA hai, ata: inase hone vAlA dhyAna ArtadhyAna hai| isIlie satrakAra ne kahA aniSTasaMyogaja, iSTaviyogaja, vedanAjanya aura nidAna - isa taraha isake cAra bheda kiye haiN| prathama Arta ke lakSaNa meM kahA ___1. mArtamamanojasya samprayoge taviprayogAya smRtisamanvAhAraH / / 30 / / arthAt amanojJa padArtha ke prApta hone para usake viyoga ke lie cintA-sAtatya kA honA prathama maniTasaMyogaja ArtadhyAna hai| 2. 'iSTaviyogaja' nAmaka dvitIya ArtadhyAna ke lakSaNa ke kahA hai - viparItaM manojasya // 31 / / arthAt manoja vastu ke viyoga hone para usakI prApti kI satat cintA karanA dUsarA iSTaviyogaja ArtadhyAna hai| 3. vedanAyAzca / / 32 / / arthAt sukha-duHkha ke vedana rUpa vedanA ke hone para use dUra karane ke lie satat cintA karanA vedanA ArtadhyAna hai| 4. nidAnazA / / 33 / / arthAt anAgata bhogoM kI vAchA ke lie mana:praNidhAna honA nidAna nAmaka caturtha ArtadhyAna ArtadhyAna ke ina cAra bhedoM ke bAda tattvArthasUtra meM ArtadhyAna kina jIvoM ko hotA hai ? isakA pratipAdana karate hue kahA hai - 'tadaviratadezaviratapramattasaMpatAnAm' / / 34 / / arthAt vaha ArtadhyAna 1. avirata, 2, dezavirata (paMcamaguNasthAnavartI zrAvaka) tathA 3. pramattasaMyata (chaThA guNasthAnavartI) jIvoM ke hotA hai / yahA~ avirata se tAtparya mithyAtva, sAsAdana, mizra aura asaMyatasamyagdRSTi - ina cAra guNasthAnavI jIvoM se hai| yahA~ yaha dRSTavya hai ki pramattasaMyata nAmaka chaThe guNasthAnavartI muniyoM ke nidAna ko chor3akara bAkI ke tIna dhyAna pramAda kI tIvratAvaza kadAcit hote haiN| sAmAna - ___ bhAcArya umAsvAmI ne aivadhyAna ke lakSaNa, bheda aura svAmI ko eka hI sUtra ke mAdhyama se kahA hai - visAvasyavinavataraNanecyo mivista-devagiravayoH / / 3 / / arthAta hiMsA, asatya, bodI aura viSayasaMrakSaNa ke lie satat cintana karanA rauddhadhyAna hai| vaha avirata aura dezavirata ke hotA hai| Page #258 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ 202 / tatkArya-nivAya vAcArya umAsvAmI meM raudradhyAna kI isa paribhASA meM raudradhyAna ke bhI cAra bheda kiye haiM, jinakA uttaravartI sAhitya meM hisAnanda, mRSAnanda, cauryAninda aura parigrahAnanda - ye nAma milate haiN| isa taraha Arta aura raudra ye do aprazasta (azubha) dhyAna haiN| inameM ArtadhyAna kA phala tiryaMcagati tathA raudradhyAna kA phala narakagati hai / 3. If - dharma arthAt vastu svabhAva se yukta ko dharmya kahate haiM / ataH 'AjJApAyavipAkasaMsthAnavijayAya dharmyam' || 36 || arthAt AjJAvicaya, apAyavicaya, vipAkavicaya aura saMsthAnavicaya- ye dharmyadhyAna ke cAra bheda haiN| yahA~ vicaya se tAtparya vicAraNA hai / 1. sarvajJa praNIta Agama kI AjJA (pramANatA) se vastu ke zraddhAna kA vicAra karanA AjJAvicaya hai / 2. saMsArI jIvoM ke duHkha aura mithyAtva ko dekhakara usake chUTane ke upAya kA cintana apAyavicaya hai| 3. karmaphala ke udaya kA vicAra karanA vipAkavicaya hai| 4. loka ke AkAra kA vicAra karanA saMsthAna viSaya dharmadhyAna hai / jJAnArNava (pR. 361) Adi paravartI sAhitya meM isI sasthAna vicaya nAmaka caturtha dharmadhyAna ke piNDastha, padastha, rUpasya aura rUpAtIta - ina cAra bhedoM kA pratipAdana milatA hai| ise hama dhyAna ke AdhAra kSetra kA vikAsa kaha sakate haiM / inakA vivecana isa prakAra hai - 1. piNDastha - piNDa arthAt zarIra sthita AtmA kA cintana karanA athavA piNDa ke Alambana se hone vAlI ekAgratA piNDasyadhyAna hai| 2. padastha pada arthAt zabdoM kA smuuh| pavitra granthoM ke akSara svarUpa padoM ke Alambana se hone vAlI ekAgratA ko padasthadhyAna kahate haiN| 3. rUpasya - rUpa arthAt mahaMta Adi kisI bhI AkAra ke Alambana me hone vAlI ekAgratA rUpastha dhyAna hai| 4. spAtIta - yaha nirAlambana svarUpa hotA hai / guNasthAnoM kI dRSTi se yaha dharmadhyAna caturtha avirata, paMcama dezavirata, chaThA pramattasayata aura saptama apramattasayataina cAra guNasthAnavartI jIvoM ke sambhava hai| 1. zuklAna AcArya umAsvAmI ne zukladhyAna kA vivecana isa dhyAna prakaraNa meM sAMgopAga, vaha bhI sarvAdhika ATha sUtroM meM kiyA hai| sarvArthasiddhi (9/28) ke anusAra 'zuciguNayogacchuklam' arthAt jisameM zuci guNa (kaSAyoM va upazama yA kSaya) 'ko sambandha ho use zukla kahate haiN| AtmA ke zuciguNa ke sambandha se jo dhyAna hotA hai, vaha zukladhyAna hai| kArtikeyAnuprekSA (481) meM kahA hai - " / Ple - guNA suvisuddhA, upasama khamaca atA kammArtha / sukkA se subakaM dhaNade jANaM // Iza Page #259 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ tatvArthasUtra-zika / 20 arthAt jisameM ativizuddha guNa hote haiM, karmoM kA upazama tathA kSaya hotA hai aura zukla lezyA hotI hai, vaha zukladhyAna hai| bheda - 1. pRthaktvavitarka, 2. ekatvavitarka, 3. sUkSmakriyApratipAti aura 4. vyuparatakriyAnivartI ye ke cAra bheda haiN| (sUtra 39 ) 'zukladhyAna " AcArya umAsvAmI ne 'zukle cAdye pUrvavidaH' | 37 // tathA 'pare kebalinaH ' // 38 / / ina do sUtroM meM kahA hai ki pUrvokta cAra meM se Arambha ke do zukladhyAna pUrvavid arthAt pUrvajJAnadhArI zrutakevalI ke hote haiN| tathA anta ke do arthAt sUkSmakriyApratipAtI eva vyuparatakriyAnivartI - ye do zukladhyAna kramazaH sayogakevalI aura ayogakevalI jina ke hote haiM / cAro kA svarUpa isa prakAra hai - 1. pRthaktvavitarkavIcAra vastu ke dravya, guNa aura paryAya kA parivartana karate hue cintana karanA pRthaktva hai yaha upazAntakaSAya nAma ke 11 veM guNasthAna meM hotA hai| 2. ekatvavitarka avIcAra - yaha dhyAna vyaJjana aura yoga ke saMkramaNa se rahita vastu ke kisI eka rUpa ko dhyeya banAne vAlA hotA hai| ataH kisI eka artha, guNa yA paryAya kA Azraya lekara cintana karanA ekatvavitarka avIcAra hai| mUlAcAra (5/207) ke anusAra yaha dhyAna kSINamoha nAmaka bArahaveM guNasthAnavartI jIvoM ko hotA hai| - 3. sUkSmakriyApratipAtI - kArtikeyAnuprekSA ( 484 ) ke anusAra kevalajJAna svabhAva vAle sayogI jina jaba sUkSma kAyayoga meM sthita hokara dhyAna karate haiM taba yaha dhyAna hotA hai| isakI vizeSatA yaha hai ki isameM zvAsocchvAsa kriyA bhI sUkSma raha jAtI hai tathA isakI prApti ke bAda yogI apane dhyAna se kabhI girate nahIM haiM, ataH ise sUkSmakriyApratipAtI kahate / yaha terahaveM sayogakevalIjina nAmaka guNasthAna me hotA hai| yaha dhyAna trikAlavartI ananta sAmAnya-vizeSAtmaka dharmo se yukta chaha dravyoM kA eka sAtha prakAzana karatA hai ataH sarvagata hai| 4. samucchinakriyAnivarti bhagavatI ArAdhanA ( 1889 ) anusAra kAyayoga kA nirodha karake ayoga kevalI audArika, taijasa aura kArmaNa zarIroM kA nAza karatA huA isa caturtha zukladhyAna ko dhyAtA hai| isa dhyAna meM kriyA arthAt yoga samyak rUpa se ucchinna ho jAte haiM aura yaha caudahave ayogakevalI nAmaka guNasthAna meM hotA hai| yaha parama niSkampa ratnadIpa kI taraha samasta kriyAyoga se mukta dhyAna kI dazA ko prApta hone para punaH usa dhyAna se nivRtti nahI hotI / isIlie ise samucchinnakriyA nivarti kahate hai / (mUlAcAra 5/208 savRtti) caudahave guNasthAna kA sthitikAla a, i, u, R, lR - ina paoNca hrasvAkSaro ke uccAraNa kAla pramANa hai| (bha. A. 2124) isa prakAra zukladhyAna ke ina cAra bhedoM me Arambha ke do zukladhyAna ke Alambana sahita hai zeSa do dhyAna nirAlamba hai / isa prakAra dhyAna viSayaka avadhAraNAo kA tattvArthasUtra ke pariprekSya meM tulanAtmaka vivecana bahuta hI mahattvapUrNa hai / paravartI sAhitya meM dhyAna kI aneka paddhatiyoM kA vikAsa ke mUlabIja isI tattvArthasUtra meM nihita haiN| AdhyAtmika utkarSa kI prApti hetu dhyAna eka divya rasAyana kA kArya karatA hai| isIlie amitagati zrAvakAcAra (15/78) me kahA hai - siddhi prApti ke icchuka janoM ko dhyAna karane se pUrva dhyAna ke sAdhaka, sAdhana, sAdhya aura phala - ina cAroM kA vidhipUrvaka jJAna kara lenA caahie| kyoMki saMsArI bhavya puruSa dhyAna kA sAdhaka hotA hai, ujjvala dhyAna sAdhana hai, mokSa sAdhya hai tathA avinazvara sukha dhyAna kA phala hai| isa prakAra dhyAna bhale hI cAra prakAra ke hoM, kintu cAroM dhyAna tapa nahIM haiN| tapa kI koTi meM sirpha do hI dhyAna haiMdharma aura shukldhyaan| bAkI jitane tapa haiM, ve saba dhyAna ke sAdhana mAtra kahe jA sakate haiM / (SaTkhaNDAgama pu. 13 pR.64) Page #260 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ 204 / tasvArthasUtra nikaSa dhyAna kI vivecanA paM. zivacaranalAla jaina bAI tapaH paramaduzcaramAcarastvaM, abhyantarasya tapaso paribRMhaNArtham / dhyAnaM nirasya kaluSaiyamuttarasmin, dhyAnadvaye vavRtive'tizayopapatre | bR. sto. jinAgama dvArA prarUpita sAta tattvoM meM lakSya rUpa mokSa kI prApti hetu saMvara evaM nirjarA kI upAdeyatA varNita kI gaI hai| isake kAraNabhUta tapa kA sAdhanA meM bahuta mahattva hai| avipAka nirjarA jo ki mokSa kA niyAmaka kAraNa hai, usake liye hI tapazcaraNa ke bAhya evaM antaraMga rUpoM kA vidhAna hai| cAritra, saMyama, pravrajyA, samiti, gupti va parISahajaya Adi isI ke bheda vihita haiN| inake binA mokSamArga nahIM hai| uparyukta upAdAnoM ke samasta pariveza meM dhyAna tapa sarvotkRSTa haiN| dhyAna ke Arsa, raudra, dharmya tathA zukla' - ina cAra bhedoM meM prathama do sasAra ke kAraNa haiN|' dharmya aura zukla mokSa ke kAraNa haiN| prastuta Alekha meM mokSa hetu dhyAnaviSayaka carcA apekSita hai| AdhyAtmika kSetra meM dhyAna viSayaka vibhinna mAnyatAe~ dRSTigocara hotI haiN| jinAgama ke sArabhUta sUtra zailI dvArA varNana svarUpa sattvArthasUtra nAmaka grantharAja hai| isake praNetA AcArya umAsvAmI ne vartamAna meM upalabdha prathama saMskRtabhASAmaya racanA svarUpa atyanta buddhi-kauzala se mAtra 357 sUtroM evaM 10 adhyAyoM ke sugaThita svarUpa meM mokSa tathA mokSamArga kA varNana kiyA hai| isameM dhyAna viSayaka prarUpaNa naveM adhyAya meM saMvara- nirjarA tattva ke pratipAdana ke antargata avalokanIya hai| yahA~ hama dhyAna ke svarUpa kA nirNaya kara tadviSayaka mAnyatAoM ke samAyojana kA prayAsa kreNge| yaha bindusAra prakAzanIya hai| 1. AcArya gRddhapiccha ( umAsvAmI) ne dhyAna kA lakSaNa nimna prakAra kiyA hai - "uttamasaMhananasyaikAgracintAnirodho dhyAnamAntarmuhUrtAt / - tattvArthasUtra 9/27 arthAt uttama saMhanana vAle kA antarmuhUrta taka ekAgracintAnirodha dhyAna hai / ukta paribhASA ke viSaya meM mukhya tIna bAteM dRSTavya haiM - 1. AzuklAni - tasvArthasUtra 9/28 2. pare mokSahetU - vahI 9/29 ; *are saMrakSaka evaM pUrva adhyakSa, tIrthakara RSabhadeva jaina vidvat mahAsaMgha pUrva koSAdhyakSa a. bhA. vi. jaina zAstri pariSad, sItArAma kArkeTa, mainapurI - 205001 Page #261 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ tasyArthasya niSeva ma. saMhanana - sarvArthasiddhi' tathA tasvArthavArtika' TIkAoM meM uttamasaMhanana ke arthasvarUpa vajravRSamanArAya vajranArAca va nArAca tInoM ko grahaNa kiyA hai| yahA~ yaha jijJAsA honA svAbhAvika hai ki uttama to eka hotA hai| kyA meM eka se adhika saMbhava haiM ? punazca tInoM saMhananoM meM bhI paraspara zreSThatA kA tAratamya to mAnya hai hI / evaM jJAnArNava jI kA nimna mantavya bhI dhyAna dene yogya hai| yaha zukladhyAna kI apekSA pradarzita hai. - na svAmitvamataH zukle vidyate'tvalpacetasAm / Aya maMhananasyaiva tatpraNIta purAtanaiH // 41/61 Aya saMhananopetA nirvedapadavI jitAH 1 kurvanti nizcalaM cetaH zukladhyAnasamaM narAH 11 41 / 9 || prAcIna muniyoM ne pahale (vajrarSabhanArAca) sahanana vAloM ke hI zukladhyAna kahA hai| jinake Adi kA sahanana hai aura jo vairAgya padavI ko prApta hue haiM aise puruSa hI apane citta ko zukladhyAna karane meM samartha, nizcala mAnate haiN| yahA~ prazna spaSTa hai ki kyA Adi ke tInoM sahananoM meM athavA mAtra prathama saMhanana meM zukladhyAna kI pAtratA hai ? yaha bhI vicAraNIya hai ki mUla sUtrakAra ne "uttama sahananasya" likhakara eka vacana kA prayoga kiyaa| yadi unheM tInoM saMhananoM kI hI uttamatA abhISTa hotI to 'uttamasahananAnAm' (uttamAnAM saMhananAnAM) pada kyoM nahIM rkhaa| sabhavataH unako Adya sahanana hI iSTa hogA / isa jijJAsA ke samAdhAna hetu UhApoha ke krama meM merA dhyAna AcArya bhAskaranandi (12 vIM zatAbdI) dvArA praNIta TIkA 'tattvArthavRtti:' para AkarSita huaa| usa sthala kA nimna kathana isa dvividhA kA samAdhAna karane kA prayAsa vidita hotA hai / (sarvArthasiddhi me bhI Adya sahanana kI mokSa pAtratA kA ullekha hai para nimna uddharaNa me acchA khulAsA hotA hai / ) (9/27, pR. 532 ) "uttamasaMhananaM vajrarSabhanArAcasaMhananaM, vajranArAcasaMhananaM, nArAcasaMhananamiti / prathamasya niHzreyasahetu dhyAnasAdhanatvAsaditarayozca prazastadhyAna- hetutvAdusamatvam // " prathama sahanana kI uttamatA mokSa ke hetubhUta dhyAna kI sAdhanatA se hai tathA itara do saMhanana prazasta dhyAna ke hetu haiM, ataH uttama haiM / yahA~ yaha bhI gaveSaNIya hai- AcArya umAsvAmI ne dhyAna kA lakSaNa samagra rUpa se (sabhI dhyAnoM kI dRSTi se ) hI kiyA hai, yadi ve zukladhyAna (mokSa kA sAkSAt hetu) ke liye eka sUtra pRthak se likhate to spaSTa ho jaataa| khaira yahA~ hameM vivakSita AgamArtha se kAma calAnA hI abhISTa hogA / kula carcA kA TIkAkAroM ke anusAra hI niSkarSa yaha nikAlA jA sakatA hai ki 'ekatvavitarkaavIcAra' nAmaka dvitIya zukladhyAna ke liye AdyasaMhanana meM hI pAtratA hai| samAyojana to karanA hI hogA, kyoMki samyagdRSTi jIva Agama me prApta kisI vacana kA niSedha na karate hue sabhI kA saMgraha karatA hai / ba. 'ekAgracintAnirodha' kA artha hai eka hI agra, artha, mukha yA viSaya meM cintA ko roka denA arthAt sthira kara denaa| isa viSaya meM prAya: sahamati hai / yahA~ cintA yA cintana kA abhAva abhISTa nahIM hai / anya matoM meM jo "dhyAnaM 1. A tritayaM saMhananamuttamaM vajrarcanArAcasaMhananaM vajranArAcasaMhananaM, nArAcasaMhananamiti / - sarvArthasiddhi 9/27 2. vajrAsaMhananaM, kAnArAcasaMhananaM nArAcasananamityetasmitayaM sahananamuttamam / - tattvArthavArtika 9/21 Page #262 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ niviSayaM manaH" aisI mAnyatA hai, usakA nirasana karate hue jainamata kI avadhAraNA hai ki 'dhyAnaM eka vivayaM manaH" eka viSayabhUta mana kI pariNati dhyAna hai / kahA bhI hai - viramaNAvamA mA bala tayaM vitaM / saM hor3abhASaNAbA aNupehA yA ahava ciMtA // arthAt sthira adhyavasAna kI dhyAna saMjJA hai| jo calAyamAna citta kA honA hai vaha bhAvanA, anuprekSA yA arthacintA hai| sarvArthasiddhi meM zilavikSepatyAgo dhyaanm|' lakSaNa kiyA hai| ye saba ekArthavAcI zabda haiM tathA mUtrakAra ke abhiprAyAnusAra hI haiN| yaha sAtavya hai ki anitya Adi anuprekSAoM meM jaba bAra-bAra cintanadhArA cAlU rahatI hai taba vaha jJAnarUpa hai para jaba unameM ekAgracintA nirodha hokara cintanadhArA kendrita ho jAtI hai taba vaha dhyAna kahalAtI hai| yahA~ UhApoha hetu abhIkSNa Agama dRSTA tatvArthasUtrakAra kA tadgata nimna sUtra uddhRta karanA aprAsaMgika na hogaa| AjJApAbavipAkasaMsthAnavicacAya yayam / ' Azaya yaha hai ki AjJA, apAya, vipAka aura sasthAna Adi ke vicaya, viveka, vicAraNA ke liye jo smRtisamanvAhAra - cintanadhArA hai vaha dharmyadhyAna hai| ____ yahA~ yaha vicAraNIya hai punaH puna: cAlU cintanadhArA ko to jJAna yA anuprekSA kahA gayA hai jo nimna sUtra se bhI prakaTa hai "banityAdharaNasaMsArakatvAnyatvAzubhyAsaMvaranirjarAlokabodhidurlabhadharmasvAsyAtattvAnu - cintanamAnuprekSAH || 9/7 // " artha - ina viSayoM (bAraha bhAvanAoM) meM bAra-bAra cintana karanA anuprekSA hai| tabaaisI sthiti meM dhyAna kA jo ekAgracintAnirodha' lakSaNa hai, vaha dhaHdhyAna ke 'smRtisamanvAhAraH' lakSaNa se mata, pUrvAparavirodha sahita pratIta hotA hai| isakA samAyojana gaveSaNIya hai| kahIM isakA yaha tAtparya to nahI ki mAtra kladhyAna, baha bhI 'ekatvavitarkaavIcAra' hI dhyAna kI zreNI meM A jaave| zeSa sabhI dhyAna aupacArika hI ThahareM. jaise kevaliyoM ke svIkRta aupacArika dhyAna | pRthaktvavitarkavIcAra ke antargata vIcAra ke (palaTana ke) samaya (kAla) ko dhyAna kahanA bhI praznacihna khar3A karatA hai| sa. antarmuhUrta kAla maryAdA dhyAna ke viSaya meM sarvamAnya hai| dhyAna se cyuta hone kI sthiti meM agara saskAra banA rahatA hai to puna: usI dhyAna meM AtA hai| 2. AcArya umAsvAmI ne zukladhyAnoM ke pAtra sAdhu kI carcA karate hue sUcita kiyA hai, "zukle cAye pUrvavidaH' arthAt pUrvavid ke pRthaktvavitarka-vIcAra' evaM ekatvavitarkaavIcAra ye zukladhyAna tathA dharmyadhyAna bhI hote haiN| isa sUtra kI TIkA meM AcArya pUjyapAda tathA bhaTTAkalaMkadeva donoM ne hI pUrvavid kA artha zrutakevalI kiyA hai / ' zrutakevalI kA tAtparya 1.dhavalA pustaka pR.64 2. lAsUtra 9/20 3. tatvArthasUma 9/36 4. lasvArthasUtra 9/37 5. vakSyamANenu zukladhyAnavikalpeSu Aye zukladhyAne pUrvavido bhavataH zrutakevalina ityarthaH / - sarvArthasiddhi 9/37, pUrvavidvizeSaNaM Page #263 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ 11. aMga, 10 pUrva tathA dRSTibAda nAmaka bArahaveM aMga ke parikarma, sUtra, prathamAnuyoga, cUlikA nAmaka bheda aura jaMgavA prakIrNakoM kA jJAnI / aMgapraviSTa aura aMgabAhya rUpa meM vibhakta sampUrNa zruta kA jJAtA / kintu AcArya bhAkaranandine tattvArthavRtti meM prakaTa kiyA hai - 'vakSyamANeSu zukladhyAnavikalpedhyAce zukladhyAne dezataH kAnto kA pUrNatavedino bhavataH - zrutakevalina ityartha: 19/37 arthAt vakSyamANa zukladhyAna ke bhedoM meM se Adi ke do zukladhyAna dezataH pUrvavid muni ke pUrNataH pUrvavadamuni ke hote haiN| pUrvavid kA artha zrutakevalI hai| ina AcArya ke mata me zrutakevalI do prakAra ke isa prasaga meM vivakSita haiM- 1. dezazrutakevalI, 2. pUrNazrutakevalI / AcArya pUjyapAda svAmI ne navama adhyAya ke sUtra sakhyA 37 meM 'pUrvavid' kA artha apanI sarvArthasiddhi TIkA meM 'zrutakevalI' kiyA hai| zrutasAgarasUri ne bhI tattvArthavRtti me "paripUrNazrutajJAna" zabda kA prayoga kiyA hai| punazca unhoMne sUtra sakhyA 41 kI TIkA meM pAtratA viSayaka yaha varNana kiyA hai| "ume'pi pariprAptabutajJAnaniDenArabhyete ityarthaH / " arthAt donoM hI zukladhyAna ' pariprAptazrutajJAnaniSTha' ke dvArA Arambha kiye jAte haiN| yahA~ 'pariprAptazrutajJAnaniSTha' kA artha zrutakevalI se kucha na kucha anyatA liye hI pratIta hotA hai| yaha yathAzakya gaveSaNIya hai| kisI bhI grantha yA pada kA artha karate samaya zabdArtha, nayArtha, matArtha, AgamArtha eva bhAvArtha sabhI dRSTiyA~ vivakSita hotI hai| apekSita AgamArtha ke rUpa me vahA~ SaDkhaNDAgama kI dhavalA TIkA ko uddhRta karanA samIcIna hogA - "boTsa dasa - Nava puvaharA puNa dhammasukkajhANANaM doNNaM pi sAmisamuba- narmati bhavirohAvo / arthAt caudaha, daza aura nau pUrva ke dhArI to dharma aura zukla donoM hI dhyAnoM ke svAmI hote haiN| uparyukta varNana se jJAta hotA hai ki prakRta viSaya me jo mata bhinnatA bhAsita hotI hai, usakA samAyojana AcArya bhAskaranandi ke kathana meM jJAta hotA hai / samyagdRSTi jIva kisI bhI AgamArtha kA niSedha karane kA sAhasa nahIM kara sakatA / samAyojana vibhinna apekSAoM se karane kA prayatna apekSita hai| 3. guNasthAnoM me dhyAno kA astitva - tattvArthasUtra ke adhyAya 9 ke sUtra 37 kI TIkA sarvArthasiddhi meM AcArya pUjyapAda ne kahA hai ki - 'tatra vyAkhyAnato vizeSapratipattiH / iti zreNyArohaNAtprAgdharmyaM zreNyoH zuklaM iti vyAkhyAyate / ' arthAt vyAkhyAna se vizeSa jJAta hotA hai isa niyama ke anusAra zreNi car3hane se pUrva dharmyadhyAna hotA hai aura dono zreNiyo me Adi ke do zukladhyAna hote hai aisA vyAkhyAna karanA caahie| uparyukta se prakaTa hai ki sAtaveM apramatta guNasthAna taka dharmadhyAna tathA AThaveM se lekara bArahaveM taka zukladhyAna hotA hai / tasvArthavArtikakAra AcArya akalakadeva ne isI adhyAya ke sUtra saMkhyA 36 kI vArtika sa. 14-15 ke antargata kahA hai ki upazAnta kaSAya aura kSINa kaSAya meM zukladhyAna mAnA jAtA hai unameM dharmyadhyAna nahIM hotaa| donoM mAnanA ucita nahIM hai| kyoMki Agama meM zreNiyoM meM zukladhyAna hI batAyA hai, dharmadhyAna nhiiN| (yaha jJAta nahIM hai ki digambara yA zrutakevalinastadubhayapraNidhAnasAmarthyAt / - rAjevArtika 9/37 1. dhavalA pustaka 13 pR. 65 2 Page #264 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ zvetAmbara kisa paramparA meM chapastha vItarAgoM ke dharmadhyAna mAnA hai) / yahA~ hama dhavalA TIkA ke mantabya ko prastuta karanA upayogI samAnate haiN| isameM sarvArthasiddhi va tattvArthavArtika se bhinna mata prApta hotA hai| AcArya vIrasena svAmI pustaka saM. 13 meM pRSTha 74 para ullikhita karate haiM - "dhammajmANaM sakasAyesu ceva horiti ko jabade ? basaMjada-sammAvisiMjadAsajavapamattasaMjada-appamattasaMjada-apuvvasaMjada-aNiyAsaMbadasahamasAparAyasavayovasAmaesa dhammamANassa pavRttI hodi ti jiNovaesAyo / " arthAt cauthe guNasthAna se lekara dasaveM taka jinopadeza ke anusAra dharmadhyAna kI pravRtti hotI hai| isI grantha meM pR. 65 para zreNI ke yogya va ayogya dharmadhyAna isa prakAra dharmadhyAna ke do rUpoM kA pratipAdana bhI kiyA gayA hai| uparyukta donoM kathanoM meM sAmaMjasya kA AdhAra yaha saMbhAvita kiyA jA sakatA hai ki vIrasena svAmI dvArA kathita dharmadhyAna (8 se 10 veM taka) ko vyavahAra se, upacAra se zukladhyAna mAnA jAya kyoMki buddhipUrvaka rAga kA abhAva hai ata: kisI apekSA usa maMda udaya prApta aprakaTa rAga ko gauNa kara zuklatA svIkRta kI jA sakatI hai tathA akaSAya arthAt upazAnta kaSAya aura kSINakaSAya meM kaSAya ke pUrNatayA udaya kA abhAva hone se paramArtha zukladhyAna ko svIkAra kiyA jA sakatA hai / zAtavya hai ki kaSAya ke udaya se hI dhyAna kI zuklatA kA, svacchatA kA abhAva hotA hai| hama yahA~ pAThakoM ke lie upayogI samajhakara dhavalA ke katipaya aMzoM ko uddhRta karane kA lobha-savaraNa nahIM kara pA rahe haiM, prastuta haiM ve dhyAna sambandhI vibhinna aMza -'sacca edehi dohivi sasvehi doNNaM jamANANaM bhedaabhaavaado| kiMtu dhammamANamepavatyumhi thoSakAlAvaDAi / kudo ? sakasAyapariNAmassa ganmaharatahidapaIvasseva cirkaalbhvhaannaamaavaado|' pustaka 13 pR. 74 arthAt 'ina donoM prakAra ke svarUpoM kI apekSA ina donoM dhyAnoM meM koI bheda nahI hai| kintu itanI vizeSatA hai ki dharmadhyAna eka vastu meM stoka kAla taka rahatA hai kyoMki kaSAyasahita pariNAma kA garbhagRha ke bhItara sthita dIpaka ke samAna cirakAla taka avasthAna nahIM bana sktaa|' yaha avadhAraNA gaveSaNIya hai| tattvArthasUtra meM donoM (dharmya, zakla) dhyAnoM ke svarUpa meM antara dRSTigata hotA hai| dhavalA meM isa bAre meM acirakAla, cirakAla tathA dIpazikhAprakAza, maNiprakAza udAharaNa dete hue paryApta UhApoha kiyA gayA hai| sakaSAya evaM akaSAya svAmI ke bheda se bheda darzAyA gayA hai| upazAntakaSAya guNasthAna meM dhavalA meM ekatvavitarkaavIcAra dvitIya zukladhyAna bhI svIkAra kiyA gayA hai| (pa. 13, pR. 81) jabaki sUtrakAra ke TIkAkAroM ne kSINakaSAya meM hI svIkAra kiyA hai| isI prakAra kSINakaSAya gaNasthAna meM sarvArthasiddhi meM ekatvavitarka kahA hai ('kSINakaSAyau'9/44) parantu dhavalA meM uparyukta sthala para hI pRthaktvavitarka bhI tarka dvArA siddha kiyA hai / isa viSaya kA samyak UhApoha Avazyaka hai| uparyukta viSayoM meM tattvArthasUtra ke vyAkhyAkAroM ke vaktavya yathAsaMbhava apekSita prastuta kiye jAte haiN| "digvidhaM caturvidhamapi dharmAmapramattasaMyatasya sAkSAt bhavati / aviratasamyagdRSTidezaviratapramatasaMpatAnAM tugImavRtyA dharmAdhyAnaM vevitavyamiti / " 9/3 tattvArthavRtti (zrutasAgarIya) "ye cAroM prakAra ke dharmyadhyAna avirata, dezavirata, pramattasaMyata aura apramattasayata ke hote haiM, parantu apramattasaMyata muni ke sAkSAta dharmyadhyAna hotA hai aura avirata, dezasaMyata aura pramattasaMyata jIvoM ke gauNa vRtti se dharmyadhyAna hotA hai|" Page #265 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ tatvArthasUna 209 "sakalabhUtadhArI ke apUrvakaraNa guNasthAna ke pUrva arthAt apramatta guNasthAnaM paryanta dhadhyAna hotA hai tathA apUrvakaraNa, anivRttikaraNa, sUkSmasAmparAya tathA upazAntakaSAya ina cAra guNasthAnoM meM pRthaktvavitarkavIcAra nAmaka prathama zukladhyAna hotA hai tathA kSINakaSAya nAmaka 12 ve guNasthAna meM (ekatvavitarkavIcAra) ekatvavitarka avIcAra nAmaka dvitIya zukladhyAna hotA hai|" vahI 9/37 AcArya akalaMkadeva ne tattvArthamArtika meM ullikhita kiyA hai- "tattvArthAdhigamabhASyasammata sUtrapATha meM dharmyadhyAna apramattasaMyata ke batAyA hai para yaha ThIka nahIM hai kyoMki dharmyadhyAna samyagdarzanapUrvaka hotA hai| ataH vaha asaMyatasamyagdRSTi, saMyatAsaMyata aura pramattasaMyata ke bhI hotA hai| yadi ukta avadhAraNa kiyA jAtA hai to inakI nivRtti ho jAyegI / "9/36 /13 AcArya pUjyapAda svAmI ne kahA hai ki dharma, zukla donoM dhyAnoM kA pAtra viziSTa muni hai / - "tadetat sAmAnyavizeSanirdiSTaM caturvidhaM dharmyaM zuklaM va pUrvoditaguptyAdi - bahuprakAropAyaM saMsAranivRttaye munirdhyAtumarhati kRtaparikarmA / " 9/44 yahA~ dhavalA TIkA kI katipaya paMktiyA~ bhI ullekhanIya haiM- "thoveNa NANeNa jadi jjhANa hodi to khavagaseDiuvasamaseDINamappA oggadhammajjhANaM ceva hodi / " pu. 13 pR. 65 arthAt 'stoka jJAna me yadi dhyAna hotA hai to vaha kSapaka zreNI va upazama zreNI ke ayogya dharmadhyAna hI hotA hai|' yahA~ zreNI ke yogya va ayogya do bheda siddha hote haiM / 4. viSaya kaSAya sthiti meM mokSopayogI dhyAna kA abhAva - AcArya umAsvAmI ne kahA hai 'pare mokSahetU' (9/ 29 ) / arthAt dharmya aura zukla dhyAna mokSa ke kAraNa haiN| arthApatti se yahA~ prakaTa hai ki zeSa Arta-raudra saMsAra ke kAraNa haiN| yaha kathana usa mAnyatA kA nirasana karatA hai jisameM viSaya-kaSAya bhogAkA~kSA rUpa nidAnayukta gRhastha ke mokSopayogI dhyAna kI saMbhAvanA batAI jaave| eka myAna meM do talavAroM kA samAveza saMbhava nahIM, pathika eka sAtha do dizAoM meM gamana nahIM kara sktaa| isa viSaya meM sabhI TIkAkAra sahamata haiM durdhyAna meM samyak dhyAna nahIM bhrama se apane ko dhyAnI mAnanA ucita nahIM / 5. parigrahI ke mokSopayogI dhyAna kI asaMbhavatA tatvArthasUtra jI ke navama adhyAya ke anusAra yaha prakaTa hotA hai ki bAhya tapa antaraMga tapa kA kAraNa hai tathA aMtaraMga tapoM meM pUrva-pUrva ke tapa uttara-uttara tapa ke sAdhana pratIta hote haiN| tadanusAra hI dhyAna kA sAkSAt kAraNa vyutsarga tapa hai| vyutsarga kA lakSaNa karate hue sUtrakAra ne kahA hai 'bAhyAbhyantaro - padhyoH ' | arthAt 10 prakAra bAhya aura 14 prakAra ke antaraMga parigraha ke mamatva sahita parigraha kA tyAga vyutsarga hai| isase prakaTa hai parigrahadhArI jo ki mUrcchAvAn anivArya rUpa se hotA hai, vyakti ko dhyAna kI siddhi nahIM hai| dhyAtA ke lakSaNoM meM sarvatra yahI kahA hai| gRhastha isakA pAtra nahIM hai| parigraha mana kI sthiratA meM niyAmaka rUpa se bAdhaka hai| isa viSaya meM nizcayaikAnta ke jvara se meM grasita tathA use dUra kara anekAnta ko svIkAra karane vAle paM. banArasIdAsa jI kI nimna paMktiyA~ dRSTavya haiM. - jahA~ pavana nahiM saMcara, sahA~ na jala kansola / taise parigraha manasara ho aDola // - samayasAra nATaka Page #266 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ 210/tatvArthasUna - nikaNa artha- jaise vAyu saMcAra ke abhAva meM sarovara meM lahareM nahIM uThatI, usI prakAra parigraha ke tyAga se mana sthira hotA hai| tabhI dhyAna saMbhava hai / kinhIM mahAnubhAvoM kI yaha avadhAraNA hai ki antaraMga meM se jaba mamatva Adi parigraha nikalegA to bAharI parigraha bAda meM svayaM binA prayAsa ke chUTa jaayegaa| yaha vicAra samIcIna nahIM, jinAgama se mela nahIM khaataa| adhyAtma ke mUrdhanyamaNi AcArya amRtacandra jI ne bAhya aura abhyantara parigraha tyAga kA krama athavA sAdhya-sAdhana bhAva nimna prakAra prakaTa kiyA itvaM parigrahamapAstha samastameva, sAmAnyataH svaparayogavivekahetum / ajJAnamujjhitamanA adhunA vizeSAt, bhUyastameva parihartumarva pravRttaH // - samayasAra kalaza artha - isa prakAra sAmAnya rUpa se hI nija para ke ajJAna ke kAraNabhUta samasta parigraha ( bAhya parigraha) ko tyAga kara sAdhu aba ajJAna (antaraMga parigraha) ko tyAgane hetu punaH pravRtta huA hai| 6. trividha upayoga (azubha, zubha, zuddha) me dhyAnoM kI saMbhAvanA tattvArthasUtrakAra ne navama adhyAya meM prakaTa kiyA hai ki Arta- raudra dhyAna saMsAra ke tathA dharmya-zukladhyAna mokSa ke kAraNa haiN| Azaya yaha hai ki pUrvavartI dhyAna heya haiM tathA paravartI 2 dhyAna upAdeya haiN| AcArya umAsvAmI ke guru AcArya kundakunda tathA anyoM ne bhI kahA hai ki tIvra kaSAya sakleza rUpa upayoga azubha hai, mandakaSAyarUpa (arhantAdika ke bhakti AdirUpa) upayoga zubha hai tathA kaSAya rahita upayoga zuddha hai| yahA~ pariNAma, bhAva, upayoga apekSAkRta ekArthavAcI ke rUpa meM jJAna darzana (cetanA) ke paryAya haiN| AcArya kundakunda bhAvapAhuDa meM varNita kiyA hai. bhAvaM tivihapavAra suhAsu ca sukhameva NApavvaM / asuI aharavaI suhadhammaM jiNavaridehi / / 76 // surya suddhasahAvaM appA appammi taM ca NAbavvaM / idi jinavarehiM bhaNiyaM jaM seyaM taM samAyaraha // 77 // - jinavaradeva ne bhAva tIna prakAra kahA hai 1. zubha, 2. azubha aura 3. zuddha / Artta aura raudra azubha bhAva haiM, zubha bhAva dharmadhyAna hai| zuddha hai vaha apanA zuddha svabhAva apane meM hI hai| uparyukta kathana kA tAtparya yaha hai ki dharmadhyAna zubhopayoga rUpa hai| use tasvArthasUtra meM mokSa kA kAraNa kahA hai ataH zreya hai upAdeya hai| vaha paramparArUpa meM mokSasAdhana yA zuddhopayoga ke kAraNa ke rUpa meM svIkRta hai / samayasAra meM varNita zubha-azubha kI samAnatA kI apekSA na samajhakara zuddhopayoga prApti kI pAtratA ke abhAva meM bhI zubha ko sarvathA heya mAnane vAloM kI, nizcayaikAntiyoM kI dhyAna sambandhI mAnyatA, ki zubhopayoga cUMki vikalparUpa, rAgasahita hai ataH sarvathA heya hai, kA nirasana hotA hai| umAsvAmI me vicaya rUpa, vikalparUpa dharmyadhyAna ko spaSTa rUpa se mokSa kA hetu mAnA hai| zuddhopayoga, zukladhyAna, nirvikalpa anubhUti, nizcayadhyAna, zuddhadhyAna Adi ke liye zubhopayoga, dharmadhyAna, savikalpa anubhUti, vyavahAradhyAna anivArya sAdhana hai| vyavahAra mokSamArga bhI mokSamArga ke rUpa meM svIkRta hai| kahA bhI hai| Page #267 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ nizcayavyavahArAcyA mosamAgoM yA sthitH| prAyaH samyakapara bAtIyavasvA mAga:-- tattvArthasAra nizcaya aura vyavahAra do prakAra mokSamArga hai, nizcaya mokSamArga sAdhya hai aura vyavahAra mokSamArga sAdhana hai| yaha to spaSTa hI hai sAdhanapUrvaka hI sAdhya kI saMbhAvanA hotI hai, pahale vyavahAra mokSAmAla hotA hai| vartamAna meM apane avratI ke rUpa meM kathana karane vAle katipaya vyakti yA varga yaha ghoSaNA karate hue jAta hote haiM ki amuka sthAna para, amuka tithi va samaya para nirvikalpa zuddha AtmAnubhUti huI / yaha mAnyatA tatvArthasUtra ke AdhAra para pUrNatayA kapolakalpita evaM mithyA siddha hotI hai| nirvikalpa anubhUti to zuddhopayogavartI zukladhyAna hai jisako gupti Adi dhAraka evaM samasta parikarmakartA zrutakevalI hI karane meM samartha haiM / isa prakAra ke ekAnta nizcayAbhAsI loga isI kAraNa, unake mata kA spaSTa rUpa se jisameM khaNDana hotA hai aise, tattvArthasUtra aparanAma mokSazAstra kA svAdhyAya, vAcana, paThana-pAThana nahIM karate jabaki digambara paramparA ke Adya prasthApaka maharSi kundakunda ke paTTaziSya umAsvAmI mahArAja dvArA praNIta yaha gAgara meM sAgara ko caritArtha karane vAlA grantha taba se lekara aba taka AcAryoM tathA caturvidha saMgha kA kaNThahAra banA huA hai| samasta bhArata meM yaha jainiyoM kI bAibila mAnA jAtA hai| yahA~ yaha bhI kahanA mArgaprabhAvanA kI dRSTi se upayogI hogA ki ekAnta nizcayAbhAsI eva saMyama kI mahattA ko na mAnane vAle loga yaha bhI kahate haiM ki cauthe guNasthAna meM zuddhopayoga rUpa dhyAna hai aura usakI kAla maryAdA kama hai muni se nyUna hai / yahI mAtra antara hai, pariNAma zuddha AtmA kI anubhUti kA hI hai| jinAgama kI dRSTi se yaha mAnyatA mithyA ___ kyoki yadi eka-sA pariNAma ho to nirjarA bhI samAna honA cAhiye jabaki Agama se sUryaprakAzasama spaSTa hai ki samyagdRSTi se lekara kSINakaSAya taka apekSita guNasthAnoM meM kramaza: asakhyAtaguNI nirjarA hai antara pariNAma kA avazya hai| jJAtavya hai ki cauthe guNasthAna meM kaSAyoM kI tIna caukar3I kA udaya hai, muni ke eka hI manda saMjvalana kA udaya usa avasthA meM hai| tIna caukar3I ke udaya rUpa meM upayoga kI zuddhatA, nirvikalpa anabhati yA zaddhadhyAna asaMbhava hai| usake buddhipUrvaka rAga kA (azubha rAma kA bhI) udaya hai / hA~ usake guNasthAna ke Agamakathita svarUpa ko gommaTasAra Adi ke anusAra mAnanA iSTa hai| 7. uparyukta prakAra dhyAna viSayaka mAnyatAoM kA tattvArthasUtra ke pariprekSya meM digdarzana karAte hue apekSita yathAsaMbhava samanvaya prastuta karane kA isa Alekha meM prayAsa kiyA gayA hai, anya granthoM ke mAnya rUpoM kA bhI yathAsthAna upayoga kiyA gayA hai| tathApi sampUrNatayA meM saMtoSajanaka nahIM mAnatA huuN| zodhArthiyoM ke liye vistRta kSetra avaziSTa hai, unase apekSA hai ki etadviSayaka kSetra ko gati pradAna kreN| zAstra aura zAstrArtha donoM hI gambhIra samudravat durUha haiN| mere isa prayAsa meM truTi saMbhava hai vizajana sudhAra kara jJAna prasAra meM sahAyaka baneM, yaha apekSA hai| Page #268 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ 212/tatvArthA -nikama R cetanA kA nirmalIkaraNa : saMbara aura nirjaza ke pariprekSya meM * paM. mUlacanda luhADiyA tattvArthasUtra jaina sAhitya kA prathama saMskRta sUtra grantha hone ke sAtha-sAtha jaina tattvajJAna kA vyApaka paricaya pradAna karane vAlA eka mAtra prAmANika grantha hai / isa granya meM mokSamArga kA tathA usake lie mUlata: zraddhA karane yogya prayojanabhUta jIvAdi tattvoM kA sAMgopAMga nirUpaNa hai| tattvArthasUtra ke TIkAkAra AcArya pUjyapAda ne sarvArthasiddhi TIkA kI utthAnikA meM likhA hai ki apanA hita cAhane vAle kisI eka buddhimAna nikaTa bhavya ne kisI ekAnta Azrama meM Thahare binA bole apane zarIra kI mudrA mAtra se mUrtimAna mokSamArga kA nirUpaNa karane vAle nirgrantha digambara AcArya ke pAsa jAkara vinaya pUrvaka pUchA- "bhagavan ! AtmA kA hita kyA hai ? AcArya ne uttara diyA - AtmA kA hita mokSa hai|"bhvy ne phira pUchA - 'mokSa kA kyA svarUpa hai ora usakI prApti kA upAya kyA hai ?' AcArya ne kahA ki - 'jaba AtmA karma mala kalaMka aura zarIra ko apane se sarvathA alaga kara detA hai taba usake jo acintya svAbhAvika jJAnAdi guNarUpa avyAbAdha sukha kI sarvathA vilakSaNa avasthA utpanna hotI hai use mokSa kahate haiN|' isa prakAra AtmA ke guNoM kI svAbhAvika avasthA rUpa mokSa kI prApti kA upAya batAte hue AcArya kahate haiM samIcIna zraddhAna, jJAna aura AcaraNa hI mokSa kI prApti kA upAya hai| mUlata: sAta tattvoM kA samIcIna zraddhAna hone para jJAna aura cAritra utpanna aura vikasita hote haiM aura phalasvarUpa mokSa kI prApti hotI hai| mokSa athavA makti AtmA kI svAbhAvika avasthA ko kahate haiN| sakha AtmA kA svabhAva hai| svAbhAvika avasthA pUrNasukha kI avasthA hai| vaibhAvika avasthA du:kha rUpa hai| sasAra paribhramaNa duHkha rUpa hai| duHkha mukti athavA vaibhAvika avasthA kA abhAva hI mokSa hai jo sukha svarUpa hai| sAta tattvoM meM Amava bandha ye do tattva karmabandha ke kAraNa athavA du:kha ke kAraNa haiM aura saMvara-nirjarA ye do tattva bandhana ke abhAva ke kAraNa athavA sukha ke kAraNa haiN| Asrava bandha se AtmA karmoM se baMdhatA hai aura usase AtmA mailI banatI hai, kaSAyayukta hotI hai, duHkhI hotI hai| dUsarI ora savara-nirjarA ke dvArA AtmA nirmala banatI hai, kaSAyarahita hotI hai, svabhAva meM AtI hai ata: sukhI hotI hai| ata: AtmA/cetanA kA vaibhAvika mailepana se chuTakara svAbhAvika nirmalatA ko prApta karanA hI mokSa prApta karanA hai| usa AtmA/cetanA ke nirmalIkaraNa kI prakriyA hI saMvara-nirjarA kahalAtI hai| tattvArthasUtrakAra ne grantha ke navama adhyAya meM mokSa kI kAraNabhUta usa cetanA ke nirmalIkaraNa kI prakriyA kA arthAt saMvara-nirjarA tattva kA varNana kiyA hai| navama adhyAya ke prathama sUtra meM saMbara tattva kA lakSaNa kahA gayA hai| 'mAsavanirodhaH saMvaraH' Asava kA nirodha karanA saMvara hai| AtmapradezoM kI ora karmavargaNAoM kA AkarSita hokara AnA Asava kahalAtA hai| mana, vacana, kAya kI kriyA hI yoga hai jisake kAraNa AtmapradezoM kA parispandana hotA hai| AtmapradezoM ke parispandana se abaddha kArmaNavargaNAeM * luhADiyA sadana, jayapura roDa, madanagaja-kizanagar3ha (ajamera) Page #269 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ tatvArthasUna nikay 213 AtmA kI ora AkarSita hotI haiM aura AtmapradezoM ke sAtha ekameka hokara banna jAtI haiN| Asakti kArmavarmaNAe~ hara ke kAraNa AtmapradezoM ke sAtha bandha jAtI haiN| kaSAyoM ke sadbhAva meM Asava aura bandha donoM kriyAyeM sAtha-sAtha hotI haiN| ataH Asava nirodha ke sAtha bandhanirodha bhI abhipreta hai| isa Asava-bandha kI prakriyA ke ruka jAne ko hI saMbara kahate haiN| jaise-jaise saMvara hotA hai vaise-vaise AtmacetanA ko malina karane vAlI kaSAya bhI kSINa hotI jAtI hai aura karmoM ke grahaNa kA viccheda hotA jAtA hai| isa prakAra kramaza: Asava-bandha kama hotA jAtA hai aura saMbara- nirjarA bar3hatI jAtI / jisase AtmacetanA adhika nirmala hotI jAtI hai| sAmAnya tarka se hI yaha bAta samajha meM A jAtI hai ki jina kAraNoM se karmoM kA Asrava-bandha hotA hai unake dUra ho jAne para athavA unase viparIta kAraNoM se saMvara- nirjarA hotI hai| nUtana karmoM ke grahaNa kA dhIre-dhIre biccheda hotA jAtA hai aura pUrvasaMcita karmoM kI nirjarA hotI jAtI hai| isa prakriyA se sampUrNa karmoM kA niHzeSa tathA kSaya ho jAne para AtmA pUrNata: karmamukta athavA kaSAyamukta ho jAtI hai arthAt mokSa ko prApta ho jAtI hai| tattvArthasUtrakAra ne Asrava-bandha ke kAraNoM meM mithyAtva, avirati, pramAda, kaSAya eva yoga batAe haiN| sarvaprathama mithyAtva kAraNa dUra hotA hai| mithyAtva ke dUra ho jAne para mithyAtva, napuMsakaveda, narakAyu, narakagati, ekendriya, dvIndriya, trIndriya, caturindriya jAti, huNDaka saMsthAna, asaMprAptAsRpATikA saMhanana, narakagatiprAyogyAnupUrvI, Atapa, sthAvara, sUkSma, , aparyAptaka aura sAdhAraNazarIra ye solaha prakRti rUpa karmoM kA saMvara ho jAtA hai| tattva zraddhAna ke dvArA samyagdarzana prApta ho jAtA hai taba anantAnubandhI kaSAya caukaDI kA abhAva ho jAtA hai taba caturtha guNasthAna meM 25 prakRtiyoM kA aura saMvara ho jAtA hai / arthAt caturtha guNasthAna meM solaha va paccIsa kula 41 prakRtiyoM kA Amrava-bandha nahIM hotA / Age dezasayama grahaNa kara lene para apratyAkhyAnAvaraNa kaSAya caukaDI kA anudaya ho jAtA hai aura dama karma prakRtiyoM kA saMvara ho jAtA hai| Age pratyAkhyAnAvaraNa kaSAya caukaDI kA abhAva hone para sakalasayama dhAraNa kara nirgrantha digambara avasthA prApta ho jAtI hai aura isa pada se anya pratyAkhyAnAvaraNa krodha, mAna, mAyA va lobha ina cAra karma prakRtiyoM kA saMghara ho jAtA hai| punaH pramAda ke abhAva se saptama apramatta guNasthAna meM 6 karma prakRtiyoM kA saMvara ho jAtA hai| Age zreNI meM tIvra kaSAya kA uttarottara abhAva hone para vivakSita bhAga se Age kramaza: do, tIna evaM cAra prakRtiyoM kA savara ho jAtA hai| isI prakAra madhyama kaSAya kA bhI abhAva hone para krodha, mAna aura mAyA saMjvalanakaSAya kA savara hotA hai| Age sUkSma lobha kA bhI abhAva hone para pAca jJAnAvaraNa, cAra darzanAvaraNa, pAMca antarAya, yaza: kIrti aura uccagotra kA bhI saMvara ho jAtA hai| kevala yoga ke nimitta se vedanIya kA Asrava 11 ve, 12 veM aura 13 veM guNasthAna me hotA hai| yoga kA abhAva hone para ayoga kevalI ko pUrNa saMvara ho jAtA hai| saMvara AtmA meM nae doSa aura unake kAraNoM ko utpanna nahIM hone dene kA mArga hai| saMvara ke sAtha saMcita karmoM ko tapa ke dvArA nirjarita karane para muktilAbha hotA hai| ataH AtmA cetanA ke nirmalIkaraNa kA upAya saMvara- nirjarA hI hai| saMvara ke kAraNoM kA varNana karate hue dUsare sUtra meM AcArya umAsvAmI mahArAja ne kahA hai ki vaha saMvara gupti, samiti, dharma, anuprekSA, parISahajaya aura cAritra se hotA hai| mana, vacana, kAya kI kriyA ko samIcIna prakAra se nigraha karane ko gupti kahate haiN| mana, vacana, kAya kI pravRtti kA nirodha hone para saMbara svataH siddha hai| gupti meM nahIM raha pAne para mana-vacana-kAya kI hiMsArahita yatnAcAra pUrvaka pravRtti karanA samiti hai / sasvagIryA, samyagbhASA, 'samyayeSaNA, sambAdAnanikSepa aura samyagutsarga isa prakAra samiti ke pAMca bheda haiM / isa prakAra yatnAcAra pUrvaka pravRtti karane vAle ke navama rUpa pariNAmoM ke nimitta se vo karmoM kA Asava hotA hai usakA saMkara ho jAtA hai| tIsarA saMvara kA kAraNa dharma Page #270 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ 214/tasvArthasUtA-nikA hai| Upara saMvara kA prathama kAraNa yogapravRtti kA nigraha karanA kahA hai| jo vaisA karane meM asamartha hai usake lie vanAcArapUrvaka pravRtti karane ke rUpa meM saMvara ke dUsare kAraNa kA vidhAna kiyA gayA hai| samitiyoM meM pravRtti karane vAle ke pramAda kA parihAra karane ke lie dharma ko saMvara ke tIsare kAraNa ke rUpa meM batAyA gayA hai| samitiyoM kI pAlanA ke bAda bhI pariNAmoM kI zaddhi ke lie daza dharmoM kA jIvana meM pAlana saMvara ke cauthe kAraNa ke rUpa meM batAyA gayA hai| laukika prayojana kA niSedha karane ke lie eva jIvana meM tattvajJAna kI bhUmikA pUrvaka AdhyAtmika prayojana kI dRSTi rakhane ke lie kSamAdi dharmoM ke pahale uttama vizeSaNa kA prayoga kiyA gayA hai| dharmo meM sthiratA kaSAyoM kI hAni aura pariNAmoM meM vairAgya kI dRr3hatA lAne ke lie saMvara ke pA~caveM kAraNa ke rUpa meM anuprekSA kA vidhAna hai| bhogAsakti, dehAsakti, parigrahAsakti, svajanAsakti ke anAdikAlIna dRDhamUla saMskAroM kI kSINatA ke lie evaM tattva zraddhAna kI puSTatA ke lie nirantara bAra-bAra cintana karane yogya anuprekSAe~ haiM / yaha deha, indriya, viSaya, bhogopabhoga yogya padArtha, bAhya vaibhava sapatti, jala ke bubud ke samAna anavasthita svabhAva vAle hote haiN| mohavaza yaha ajJa prANI inako nitya samajhatA hai / vastuta: AtmasvabhAva ke atirikta sabhI para padArtha adhuva haiM, aisA cintana anityAnuprekSA hai| isa prakAra cintana karane vAle bhavya ke para se anAsakti hone se para-padArthoM ke viyoga meM saMtApa nahIM hotA hai| jisa prakAra ekAnta meM kSudhita mAMsabhojI balavAn vyAghra ke dvArA daboce gae mRgazAvaka ke lie koI zaraNa nahIM hotA usI prakAra janma-jarA-mRtyu Adi duHkhoM se ghire hue isa jIva ko saMsAra meM koI zaraNa nahIM hai / dhana, mitra, bAdhava, mantra, tantra, koI bhI isakI maraNa se rakSA nahIM kara pAte / kevala dharma zaraNa hai aisA cintana azaraNAnaprekSA hai| sasAra me vaibhavazAlI vyakti tRSNA ke kAraNa aura daridrI abhAva ke kAraNa duHkhI hai| tattvadRSTi prApta hue binA para-padArtha ke prati rahI AI Asakti ke kAraNa sabhI jIva du:khI haiN| isa prakAra saMsAra ke svabhAva kA cintana karanA saMmArAnuprekSA hai| aise cintana se sAdhaka ke mana meM saMsAra se nirveda utpanna hotA hai aura vaha saMsAra se nirviNNa hokara AtmA ke nirmalIkaraNa meM adhika utmAha se saMlagna hotA hai| mokSapathagAmI vaha sAdhaka apane ko akelA anubhava karatA hai| maiM akelA hI janma letA hai, maratA hU~ aura akelA hI sukha-duHkha kA anubhava karatA hai| yaha ekatvAnuprekSA kA cintana hai| aise cintana se svajanoM ke prati gaga evaM para janoM ke prati dveSa ke bhAva utpanna nahIM hote aura Atma svAtantrya kI zraddhA se apane utthAna ke lie apane bhItara Atmabala kI vRddhi hotI hai| jaba yaha deha hI merI nahIM hai, eka dina chuTa jAtI hai to anya spaSTa para-padArtha mere kaise ho sakate haiM ? isa prakAra kA cintana anyatvAnuprekSA hai| isa cintana se dehAdika se mamatva chaTa jAtA hai aura tattva jJAnaparvaka vairAgya kI prakarSatA se saMvara-nirjarA ke dvArA mokSapatha para pada bar3hate jAte haiN| yaha deha atyanta azaci padArthoM kA piNDa hai| atidargandha rasa ko pravAhita karatA rahatA hai| azucita padArthoM dvArA nirmita isa deha ko snAnAdi se kadApi zaci nahIM kiyA jA sakatA / rasmatraya kI sAdhanA se pavitra huI AtmA ke saMsarga se kathaMcit deha bhI zuci kI jA sakatI hai| yaha azuci anuprekSA kA cintana hai| isa cintana se dehAsakti kSINa hokara svAtmalInatA prApta hotI hai| indriya, bhoga, avrata aura kaSAya rUpa Asava isa AtmA ko mailA karatA hai aura isIlie jIva ko duHkha dene vAlA hai| AsavAnuprekSA kA cintana AtmA meM Asava ke kAraNoM ke tyAga aura sevara ke kAraNoM ke grahaNa kI preraNA detA hai| du:kha ke kAraNa rUpa Asrava se apane ko bacAkara sukha ke kAraNa saMvara ke guNoM ko nirantara cintana karanA saMvarAnuprekSA hai| saMvara ke sAtha-sAtha sAdhaka nirjarA ke guNoM kA bhI cintana karatA hai| karmaphala ke vipAka se hone vAlI abuddhipUrvaka nirjarA mokSamArga meM nirjarA tattva ke rUpa meM grAhya nahIM hai| kintu parISahavijaya aura tapArAdhanA ke dvArA kuzalamUlA avipAkanirjarA hI AtmA ke svabhAva prApti meM kAryakArI hai| yaha cintana nirjarAnuprekSA hai| loka kI racanA evaM vyavasthA kA cintana lokAnuprekSA hai jo sAdhaka ke tatvajJAna ko Page #271 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ vizuddha aura zraddhA ko puSTa karatA hai| saMsAra paribhramaNa meM anantakAla to nigoda paryAya meM biitaa| nimoda se bAhara jAne para bhI saparyAya prApta honA durlabha rahatA hai| prasaparyAya meM bhI adhika kAla to vikalendriya paryAya meM hI bItatA hai| paMcendriyoM ko bhI manuSya paryAya prApta honA atyanta durlabha hai| usameM bhI uccakula, nirogatA, indriyapUrNatA, satsaMgati Adi uttarottara durlabha sthitiyA~ prApta hone para bhI tattvajJAna kI bhUmikA pUrvaka sodhilAbha prApta honA mahAn durlabha hai / isa prakAra cintana karanA bodhidurlabha anuprekSA hai| aisA cintana karane se vairAgyamaya bodhilAbha prApta karane meM utsAha jAgRta hotA hai| jinendradeva dvArA kathita ahiMsA eva aparigraha lakSaNa vAlA dharma hI mokSa prApti kA upAya hai / aisA cintana dharmasvAkSyAtatvAnuprekSA hai| isa prakAra cintana karane vAlA vyakti jIvana meM dharma ko dhAraNa karatA hai| isa prakAra anityAdi anuprekSAoM ke nirantara cintana se uttamakSamAdi dhAraNa hote hai aura parISahoM ko jItane kI zakti utpanna hotI hai| anuprekSA aura parISahajaya se mahAn savara hotA hai| savara-nirjarA kI mAdhanA karane vAle sAdhaka kI dRSTi palaTa jAtI hai| zarIra kI sukha suvidhAe~ aba sukha dene vAlI pratibhAsita nahIM hotii| balki zArIrika asuvidhAoM ke kSaNoM meM sabara-nirjarA kI adhika sAdhanA hone se ve mana ko bhAtI hai / sAdhaka yadi asuvidhAo me jIne kA abhyAsa karake apanI AtmalInatA kI vRtti ko nahIM bar3hAtA hai to asuvidhAoM ke Ane para vaha AtmA meM samatA pariNAma banAe nahI rakha sakatA hai| ataeva savara-nirjarA ke mArga se cyuta nahIM hone aura nirantara hone vAlI nirjarA meM vRddhi prApta karane ke lie sAdhaka parISaho ko sahana karane kA athavA jIta lene kA avazya abhyAsa karatA hai| parISaho ko sahana kara lenA hI to isa bAta kA pramANa hai ki hamArI zarIra se Asakti kama huI hai aura tattvaruci athavA Atmaruci utpanna huI hai / parISaha 22 hote haiM - kSudhA, tRSA, zIta, uSNa, dazamazaka, nagnatA, arati, strI, caryA, niSadyA, zayyA, Akroza, vadha, yAcanA, alAbha, roga, tRNasparza, mala, satkAra, puraskAra, prajJA, ajJAna aura adarzana / parISahasahana se savara hotA hai| aupakramika karmoM ke phala bhogate hue munijana nirjaraNa karma vAle ho jAte haiM aura krama se mokSa ko prApta kara lete haiN| isase yaha phalita hotA hai ki parISaha sahana se savara-nirjarA hotI hai aura anta me mokSa prApta hotA hai| parISahasahana athavA parISahavijaya kI sthiti prApta hone para zArIrika pratikUlatAyeM sAdhaka ke jJAna meM Ate hue bhI usake mana una pratikUlatAoM ke prati aniSTatA ke bhAva nahIM Ate haiM / kaSTa athavA pIDA kA anubhava nahI hotA hai| pariNAmoM meM AkulatA nahIM hotI, zAnti aura samatA kA anubhava hotA hai| yaha sthiti hI saMvara-nirjarA kI sAdhaka sthiti hai| mokSArthI puruSa zArIrika kaSTo ko samatAbhAva pUrvaka sahana karatA hai| jo bhikSA meM bhojana nahIM milane para athavA alpamAtrA meM milane para kSudhA kI vedanA ko prApta nahIM hotaa| akAla meM yA adeza meM athavA dAtA ke abhAva meM jise bhikSA lene kI icchA nahIM hotI, AvazyakoM kI thor3I bhI hAni jo sahana nahIM karatA, jo svAdhyAya aura dhyAna bhAvanA meM nirantara tatpara rahatA hai jo prAyaH svakRta athavA parakRta anazanAdi tapa karatA hai, jo nIrasa AhAra letA hai, kSudhA vedanA ko utpanna karane vAle asAtAvedanIya kI udIraNA hone para bhI jo bhikSAlAbha kI apekSA usake alAbha ko adhika hitakArI mAnatA hai| aura kSudhAjanya bAdhA kA anubhava nahIM karatA vahI kSudhAparISahavijayI hotA hai| isI prakAra jo sAdhaka prakRti viruddha AhAra, grISmakAlIna Atapa, pittajvara aura anazana Adi ke kAraNa utpanna huI zarIra aura indriyoM kA marthana karane vAlI tIbrapipAsA kA pratikAra karane meM ruci nahIM rakhatA aura saMtoSa evaM samAdhi rUpa zItalajala se use zAnta karatA hai vahI sAdhaka pipAsAparISahavijayI hotA hai| isI prakAra zIta, uSNa, dezamazaka Adi kI poDAkAraka bAdhAoM ko jo apanI AtmazAnti ke bala para samatApUrvaka sahana kara lete haiM aura tanika bhI saMtApa kA anubhava nahIM karate ve mahAtmA parISayI hote haiN| anya bhI parIvahA~ kI jo sahanakara apane samatA parimANoM se una para vijaya prApta karate haiM ke hI mahAtmA parISahajayI hote haiM aura ve hI parIkSAmaya se vizeSa saMvara-nirjarA kI sAdhanA karate haiN| / .5 . Page #272 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ ekAnta sthAna para navayauvana, madavibhrama aura madirApAna se pramatta huI sviyoM dvArA bAdhA pahuMcAne para kachae ke samAna jisane indriya aura manovikAra ko roka liyA hai tathA striyoM dvArA mandamuskAra, komalasabhASaNa, tirachI najaroM se dekhanA, haMsanA aura kAmabANa calAnA Adi ko jisane viphalakara diyA hai usake strIparISahajaya hotA hai| jo prANoM kA viyoga hone para bhI AhAra, vasati aura auSadhi Adi kI dIna zabdoM dvArA athavA mukha kI vivarNatA dikhAkara yAcanA nahIM karatA tathA bhikSA ke samaya bhI jisakI mUrti bijalI kI camaka ke samAna durupalakSya rahatI hai aise sAdhu ke yAcanA parISahajaya jAnanA caahie| isa prakAra jo sakalpa ke binA upasthita hae parISahoM ko sahana karatA hai aura jimakA citta maMkleza rahita hai usake rAgAdi pariNAmoM ke abhAva me Asava kA nirodha hone se mahAn saMvara hotA hai| mavara ke antima kAraNoM meM cAritra kahA gayA hai, jo mokSa kA sAkSAt kAraNa hai| cAritra pA~ca prakAra kA hai - sAmAyika, chedopasthApanA, parihAravizuddhi, sUkSmasAmparAya aura yathAkhyAta / saba prANiyoM ke prati samatAbhAva rakhane aura samasta sAvadya kI nivRtti ko sAmAyika kahate haiN| chedopasthApanA meM cAritra meM lagane vAle doSoM ke parimArjana kI mukhyatA hai| prANivadha se sarvathA nivRtti ko parihAra kahate hai| isa yukta zuddhi jisa cAritra meM hotI hai use parihAravizuddhi kahate haiM / parihAravizuddhi cAritra aise sampanna vyakti ke hotA hai jo tIsa varSa taka gRhastha avasthA meM sukhapUrvaka bitAkara sayata hone para tIrthakara ke pAdamUla kI paricaryA karate hue ATha varSa taka pratyAkhyAnapUrva kA adhyayana karatA hai| vaha pramAdarahita, mahAbalazAlI karmoM kI mahAn nirjaga karane vAlA aura ati duSkara caryA kA anuSThAna karane vAlA hotA hai / jisa cAritra me ka lobhakaSAya atisUkSma ho jAtA hai usako sakSmasAmparAya kahate haiN| sakSmamAmparAya dasaveM gaNasthAna meM hone vAlA cAritra hai| samasta mohanIya ke kSaya se yA upazama se jaisA AtmA kA svabhAva hai, usa avasthA rUpa jo cAritra hotA hai vaha yathAkhyAtacAritra kahA jAtA hai / yathAkhyAtacAritra bArahaveM, terahave aura caudahaveM guNasthAna meM hotA hai| saMvara ke kAraNoM ke vizleSaNa ke pazcAt tapa kA varNana karanA prasaga prApta hai| jo tapa bAhara se dekhane meM AtA hai usako bAhatapa kahate haiN| ve chaha prakAra ke haiM - sayama kI siddhi, rAga kA uccheda, karmoM kA vinAza, dhyAna aura Agama kI prApti ke lie anazana tapa kiyA jAtA hai / sayama ko jAgrata rakhane, doSoM ko prazama karane, satoSa aura svAdhyAya Adi kI siddhi ke lie alpa bhojana lenA avamaudaryatapa hai| bhikSA ke icchaka mani kA eka ghara Adi viSayaka niyama Adi lekara bhikSA ke lie gamana vRttiparisaMkhyAnatapa hai| indriyoM ke darpa kA nigraha karane ke lie nidrA para vijaya pAne ke lie aura sukhapUrvaka svAdhyAyAdi kI siddhi ke lie ghRta, dugdha, zakkara Adi rasoM kA tyAga karanA rasaparityAga nAmaka tapa hai| ekAnta, zUnyadhara Adi meM nirbAdha brahmacarya, svAdhyAya, dhyAna Adi kI siddhi kelie maMyata kA zayyAsana lagAnA viviktazayyAsana tapa hai| AtApanayoga, vRkSa ke mUla meM nivAsa, nirAvaraNa zayana evaM anya nAnA prakAra ke pratimAyoga ityAdi karanA kAyakleza nAmaka chaThavAM tapa hai| yaha tapa dehaduHkha ko sahana karane ke lie indriya sakha viSayaka Amakti ko kama karane ke lie aura pravacana kI prabhAvanA karane ke lie kiyA jAtA hai| aba Abhyantara tapa kA vivecana kiyA jAtA hai| Abhyantara tapa bhI chaha hI hote hai , prAyazcitta, vinaya, vaiyyAvRtta, svAdhyAya, vyutsarga aura dhyAna / ina tapo se mana kA niyamana hotA hai ata: inako Abhyantara tapa kahate haiN| pramAdajanya doSoM kA parihAra karanA prAyazcitta sapa hai| pUjya puruSoM kA Adara karanA vinaya tapa hai| muniyoM kI sevA karanA vaizyAvRtta hai| mAlasya kA tyAgakara zAna kI ArAdhanA karanA svAdhyAya tapa hai / ahaMkAra aura mamakAra rUpa sakalpa kA vyAsa karanA vyutsarga tapa hai| citta ke vikSepa kA tyAga kara upayoga kA kendrita karanA dhyAnatapa hai| Page #273 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ STATE '' prAyazcitta ke nau bheda haiM / vinaya ke cAra bheda haiM - jAnavinaya, darzanavinaya, cAritravinaya aura upacAravinaya / ' nirdoSa grantha pAnA aura usakA artha sAnA vAcanA hai| saMzaya miTAne ke lie prastA kAramA pRcchanA hai / jAne hue artha kA mana meM bAra-bAra abhyAsa karanA anuprekSA hai| uccAraNa kI zuddhiM pUrvaka pATha ko puna: puna: doharanA AmnAya hai aura ' dharma kA upadeza denA dharmopadeza hai / apane jJAna meM prakarSatA ke lie, adhyavasAya ko prazasta karane ke lie, parama saMvega ke . lie, tapa meM vRddhi ke lie aura pariNAmoM meM vizuddhi prApta karane ke lie svAdhyAya tapa kiyA jAtA hai| tyAga karanA vyutsarga hai| yaha do prakAra kA hai - bAhya upadhityAga aura antaraMga upadhityAga / AtmA ke sAtha ekatva ko prApta nahIM hue aise dhana, dhAnya, makAna-jAyadAda Adi bAhA upadhi haiN| krodhAdi kaSAyabhAva Abhyantara upadhi haiN| tathA niyatakAla taka athavA yAvajjIvana kAya se mamatva kA tyAga karanA bhI Abhyantara upadhi tyAga kahA jAtA hai| yaha vyutsargatapa ni:saMgatA, nirbhayatA aura jIvitAzA ke tyAga ke lie kiyA jAtA hai| Abhyantara tapoM meM mukhya antima tapa dhyAna hai| eka viSaya meM cittavRtti (upayoga) ko rokanA dhyAna hai| upayoga caMcala hotA hai| nAnA viSayoM kA avalambana lene se upayoga parivartita hotA rahatA hai| use anya azeSa viSayoM se haTAkara eka viSaya para niyamita karanA ekAgracintAnirodha kahalAtA hai, yahI dhyAna hai / dhyAna ke cAra bheda haiM - Arta, raudra, dharma aura zukla / inameM se anta ke do dhyAna dharma aura zukla mokSa ke kAraNa haiN| Arta aura raudra dhyAna saMsAra paribhramaNa ke kAraNa haiN| amanojJa athavA aniSTa padArthoM ke prApta hone para usake viyoga ke lie ciMtA sAtatya kA honA prathama aniSTamaMyogaja ArtadhyAna hai| manojJa vastu ke viyoga hone para usakI prApti ke lie satat cintA karanA hI dasarA iSTaviyogaja AtadhyAna hai| vedanA ke hone para usako dUra karane ke lie tIsarA vedanAcintana ArtadhyAna hai| bhogoM kI AkAMkSA ke lie Atara hae vyakti ke AgAmI viSayoM kI prApti ke lie saMkalpa tathA nirantara cintA karanA nidAna nAma kA cauthA ArtadhyAna hai / hiMsA, jhUTha, corI evaM parigraha saMrakSaNa ke lie satat cintana karanA cAra prakAra kA raudradhyAna hai| ina Arta aura raudradhyAna ko puruSArthapUrvaka choDakara mokSa ke kAraNabhUta do dhyAna dharma aura zukladhyAna meM upayoga ko lagAnA caahie| saMsAra zarIra aura bhogoM se virakta hone ke lie yA virakta hone para usa bhAva ko sthira banAe rakhane ke lie jo praNidhAna hotA hai use dharmadhyAna kahate haiN| dharmadhyAna cAra prakAra kA hai| upadeza dene vAle kA abhAva hone para sUkSma, antarita aura dUrastha viSayoM ke prati sarvajJapraNIta Agama ke AdhAra para viSaya kA nirdhAraNa karanA AjJAviSaya dharmadhyAna hai / jagat ke ye mUDhaprANI mithyAdarzana se chUTakara kaise samIcIna mokSamArga kA paricaya prApta kareM, isa prakAra nirantara cintana karanA apAyavicaya dharmadhyAna hai / jJAnAvaraNAdi karmo ke dravya, kSetra, kAla, bhava aura bhAva nimittaka phala ke anubhava kA nirantara cintana karanA vipAkavicaya dharmadhyAna hai / loka ke AkAra tathA svabhAva kA nirantara cintana karanA saMsthAnavicaya dharmadhyAna hai| AjJAvicaya tattvaniSThA meM sahAyaka hotA hai / apAyavicaya saMsAra-zarIra-bhogoM se virakti utpanna karatA hai| vipAkavicaya se karmaphala aura usake kAraNoM kI vicitratA kA jJAna dRr3ha hotA hai aura saMsthAnavitraya se loka kI sthiti kA jJAna dRDha hotA hai| dharmadhyAna ke dvArA hI zukladhyAna kI siddhi hotI hai| zukladhyAna sAkSAt mokSa kA kAraNa hai| zukladhyAna ke cAra bheda haiM - pRthaktvavitarka, ekatvavitarka, sUkSmakriyApratipAti aura vyuparatakriyA-nivarti / prathama do zukladhyAna zreNI meM hote haiN| antima do zukladhyAna kevalI bhagavAna ke hote haiN| .. . . isa prakAra saMbara-nirjarA ke dvArA Amrava-bandha kI paramparA dhIre-dhIre kama hotA-hotI naSTa ho jAtI hai aura AtmA pUrva nirmala hokara mokSa ko prApta kara letI hai| yahI cetanA ke nirmalIkaraNa kI prakriyA hai| ........ Page #274 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ 218/tasvArthasaha-nikA AAINIK asaMkhyAtaguNazreNInirjarA * siddhAryakumAra jaina AcArya umAsvAmI mahArAja ne tattvArthasUtra ke navameM adhyAya meM savara aura nirjarA tattva kA varNana kiyA hai| pahale sUtra meM saMvara kA lakSaNa kahA tathA dUsare sUtra meM vaha saMvara kaise prApta hogA, isake kAraNoM ko kahA aura tIsare sUtra meM tapasA nirjarASakahakara tapa ko saMvara aura nirjarA meM saMyukta kAraNa nirUpita kiyaa| Age ke sUtroM meM krama se vistAra karate huye 10 dharma, 12 bhAvanA, 22 parISaha kA varNana kiyA tathA 19 veM sUtra meM bAhya tapa ko tathA 20 veM sUtra meM aMtaraMga tapa kA varNana karate huye inake bheda-prabhedoM ko batAyA / antima tapa meM dhyAna ke varNana meM zukladhyAna kA varNana karane ke pazcAt sUtra kramAMka 45 meM asaMkhyAtaguNazreNI nirjarA ke pAtroM ko drshaayaa| isase eka dRSTi prApta hotI hai ki Akhira yaha kauna sI nirjarA hai, isakA kArya kyA hai, kauna-kauna-se jIva ise kara sakate haiM, kina-kina kAraNoM se yaha hotI hai yahI sabhI bAtoM para cintana karane kA prayatna yahA~ kiyA jA rahA hai| nirjarA kyA hai : AtmA ke sAtha sazleSa saMbadha ko prApta pudgalakarmo kA eka deza AtmA se jhara jAnA nirjarA hai evaM sampUrNa karmoM kA jhara jAnA mokSa hai yaha sAmAnya lakSaNa kahA hai| nirjarA 2 prakAra kI batalAI gaI hai| yathA - 1 savipAkanirjarA 2. avipaaknirjraa| 1. savipAkanirjarA sabhI saMsArI jIvoM ke hotI hai, binA puruSArtha ke hI hotI hai / pUrva baMdhA huA karma udaya meM AtA hai apanA phala dekara nirmANa ho jAtA hai yaha pahalI savipAka nirjarA hai| 2. avipAkanirjarA - puruSArtha pUrvaka udaya samaya ke pUrva meM karmoM ko udaya meM lAkara nirjarita karanA avipAka nirjarA hai| isake Agama meM kaI udAharaNa diye gaye haiM, jisase ye donoM nirjarA samajhI jA sakatI haiM yathA savipAkanirjarA per3a meM svayaM pakane ke bAda Ama giratA hai tathA dUsarI kacce Ama ko toDakara pAla lagAkara bhinna-bhinna tarIkoM se use pakAyA jAtA hai| yahI dUsarI avipAka nirjarA hI mukhyata: mokSamArga meM kAraNa hai binA avipAka nirjarA ke mokSamArga banatA hI nahIM hai| isI avipAka nirjarA meM hI eka nirjarA'asaMkhyAtagaNatheNInirjarA' khii| yaha nirjarA mokSamArga meM apanA vizeSa sthAna rakhatI hai| asaMkhyAtaguNaveNInirbarA kyA hai? - jaisA ki zabda se parilakSita hotA hai asaMkhyAta guNI nirjarA jo zreNI rUpa meM bar3hatI jAtI hai aura hara agale samaya meM pUrva samaya se asaMkhyAta guNe karmoM kI nirjarA hotI jAtI hai / ise eka udAharaNa se samajhane para spaSTa ho jaayegaa| eka phakIra kuMbha ke mele meM haridvAra gayA aura usane ghUmate huye eka seTha se eka rUpaye bhikSA kI yAcanA kii| seTha ne usase kahA ki 1 rUpaye kamAne meM mehanata hotI hai, muphta meM nahIM AtA hama eka rUpaye ko to 6 mAha meM apanI mehanata se duganA kara lete haiM, phakIra sunakara muskarAyA aura kahane lagA - seTha Apa bahuta kuzala vyApArI haiM ata: 1 rUpayA merA bhI *SH, bhAvaka nivAsa, galI naM. 3 premanagara, satamA, phona naM. 237174, 235474 Page #275 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ tatvArthAnika/219 Apa rakha leveM maiM apanA rUpayA 12 varSa bAda agale kubha para le lUkA aura apanA eka rUpayA dekara calA gayA / samaya bItA 12 varSa bAda phakIra puna: haridvAra phuNcaa| seTha ke pAsa gayA aura pichale kuMbha kI bAta yAda dilaaii| seTha ne kahA- ThIka hai, apanA hisAba le lo| seTha ne use 10-20 rUpaye dekara kahA hisAba ho gyaa| phakIra to ar3a gayA kahane lagA - seTha hisAba meM 10-20 kama de denA, lekina hisAba kara lo - seTha ne hisAba jor3A to vaha eka rUpayA hara 6 mAha meM dugune ke anusAra 24 kistoM meM 1 karor3a 67 lAkha 37 hajAra 216 rUpaye ho gyaa| seTha dhabar3A gyaa| hama Apa bhI itanI rAzi sunakara cauMka gaye hoNge| lekina nIce likhe anusAra hisAba dekhe 1 rUpaye 6 mAha meM 2, 1 varSa me 4, isI prakAra hara 6 mAha meM dugune krama se 8-16-32-64-128-512-1024-20484096-8192-16384-32768-65536-1,31,072-2,62,144-5,24,288-10,48,576-20,97,152-41,84,304-83,68,608 eva 24 vI kista meM 12 varSa bAda 1, 67,37,216=00 rUpaye ho gye| yaha udAharaNa to dugune dugune krama kA hai isI krama ko yadi hama guNita krama meM dekheM to jo rAzi pahale samaya meM eka hai vahI dUsare samaya me 4 tIsare samaya meM 16 isa krama se vRddhi ko prApta hotI hai yathA 1-1, 2-2, 3-4, 4-16, 5-256, 6-65356, 7-4, 29, 49,67,296 arthAt mAtaveM samaya mAtra meM yaha rAzi 1 se baDhakara guNita krama meM 4 araba 29 karor3a 49 lAkha 67 hajAra dau so chiyAnave ho gaI / AThave samaya meM 'guNA karane para rAzi itanI hai ki hama use par3ha bhI nahI paayeNge| 9 aka kI saMkhyA ho jaayegii| isa prakAra hamane dviguNita evaM guNita krama ko jaanaa| isI bAta ko asakhyAta guNita krama jAnane ke liye dekhe - pahale samaya me nirjIrata karma dUsare krama meM arthAt dUsare samaya me asakhyAta x asaMkhyAta cauthe samaya me tIsare samaya kI rAzi x asakhyAta tIsare samaya me dUsare samaya kI rAzi x asakhyAta isa prakAra pratisamaya asakhyAta asakhyAta guNI karmoM kI nirjarA bar3hatI calI jAtI hai aura jIva apanI pAtratAnusAra pUre-pUre jIvana bhara apane ananta karmoM ko khirA dete hai| apane pUrva asakhyAtoM janmo me bA~dhe huye karmoM ke bojha ko isa nirjarA ke dvArA halakA kara lete hai aura mokSamArga prazasta karake mukti ko prApta ho jAte hai| isase aura bhI vizeSatAyeM hai yaha sAmAnya kathana kiyA hai anya vizeSatAe Age Ane vAle zIrSako meM svayaM pratipAdita ho jaayeNgii| isaliye usa prasaMga ko yahA~ nahIM liyA hai| asaMkhyAtaguNa zreNI nirjarA kauna kara sakatA tattvArthasUtra adhyAya 9 ke 45 veM sUtra meM AcArya umAsvAmI mahArAja ne isako khulAsA kiyA hai| 10 pAtra batalA rahe hai yathA - samyagdRSTizrAvaka viratAnantaviyojakadarzanamohakSapakopazamakopazAnta- mohakSapakakSINamohajinA: kramazo'saMkhyeyaguNanirjarAH // 9/45 || jisakA krama isa prakAra hai - 1. avirati samyagdRSTi caturthaguNasthAnavartI, 2. dezavratI zrAvaka paMcamaguNasthAnavartI, 3. virata arthAt 6 veM evaM 7 ve guNasthAnavartI muni mahArAja, 4. anantAnubandhI kI visaMyojanA karane vAle, 5. darzanamoha kA kSaya karane vAle, 6 . cAritramoha kA upazama karane vAle arthAt upazama zreNI para car3hane vAle munirAja, 7. upazAntamoha 11 ve guNasthAnavartI mahAmunirAja, 8. mohanIya kI kSapaNA karane vAle kSapakazreNI para ArUDha, 9. mohanIya parivAra ko nAza kara liyA hai aise 12 ve guNasthAnavartI munirAja aura 10. jinA: arthAt arihanta bhagavAna 13 veM evaM 14 veM guNasthAnavartI / isa prakAra tattvArtha sUtrakAra dvArA uttarottara vikasita dasa pAtra kahe gaye haiN| vizeSa - anya - anya granthoM meM kahIM || sthAna bhI kahe gaye haiN| zAstrasArasamuccaya kI hindI TokA jainatatvavidyA ke cauthe adhyAya sUtra 62 meM 11 vA~ sthAna kevalI samuddhAta liyA gayA hai, usa samaya pUrvavartI sthiti se adhika nirjarA hai aisA Page #276 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ 220 / tatvArthasUna-nikava vivaraNa prApta hotA hai| SaDkhaNDAgama parizIlana pRSTha 39 para bhI dhavalA kI 12 vIM pustaka ke anusAra 11 sthAna kahe gaye haiN| kauna-kauna se jIva kitanI nirjarA kara sakate haiM -isa bAta para vicAra karane ke liye hameM sarvaprathama yaha jAnanA hogA ki yaha nirjarA prArambha kahA~ se hotI hai ? jaba mithyAdRSTi jIva samyagdarzana prApti hetu pA~ca labdhiyoM meM karaNalabdhi ke pariNAma karatA hai, usa samaya jo tIna karaNa- adha:karaNa, apUrvakaraNa, anivRttikaraNa rUpa pariNAmoM ke samaya Ayukarma ko chor3akara bAkI 7 karmo kI bahuta nirjarA hotI hai| usa samaya usa jIva ko samyaktva ke sanmukha yA sAtizaya mithyAdRSTi jIva kahate haiM tathA jaise hI yaha jIva samyaktva prApta karatA hai to samyaktva prApti ke kAla meM isakI jo nirjarA hotI hai use asaMkhyAta guNI nirjarA ke prathama sthAna ke rUpa meM liyA gayA hai| sAtizaya mithyAdRSTi avasthA se samyaktva avasthA meM jo nirjarA hotI hai vaha pUrva pUrva kI apekSA asaMkhyAta gunI hotI hai isaliye ime pahale pAtra ke rUpa meM svIkAra kiyA gayA hai| puna: vahI jIva jaba vrata svIkAra kara dezavratI zrAvaka banatA hai to use dvitIya pAtra svIkAra kiyA gayA hai aura usakI nirjarA apanI prathama avasthA se asaMkhyAta guNI hai| vahI zrAvaka jaba mahAvrata svIkAra karatA hai muni avasthA ko prApta hotA hai to zrAvaka avasthA meM hone vAlI asaMkhyAtaguNI nirjarA se bhI asakhyAtaguNI nirjarA karatA hai| vahI muni mahArAja jaba anantAnubandhI kI visaMyojanA karate haiM to usa samaya meM hone vAlI nirjarA pUrva avasthA se asaMkhyAta guNI hai, ve hI mahAmunirAja jaba darzana mohanIya kI kSapaNA karate haiM to usa samaya hone vAlI nirjarA pUrva avasthA se asaMkhyAta guNI hai, ve hI mahAmunirAja upazama zreNI car3hate haiM to zreNI meM hone vAlI nirjarA unakI pUrva sthiti se asaMkhyAta gunI hai| punaH ve gyArahaveM guNasthAna ko prApta karake upazAmaka banate haiM to pUrvavartI avasthA se 11 ve guNasthAna meM hone vAlI nirjarA asaMkhyAta guNI hai| ve hI munirAja jaba kSapaka zreNI para car3hate haiM to 11 veM guNasthAna kI apekSA unhIM muni mahArAja kI nirjarA 8 se 10 guNasthAna meM asaMkhyAta gunI hai| punaH ve hI mahAvratI 12 ve guNasthAnavartI kSINamoha ko prApta ho jAte haiM to unakI nirjarA zreNI para ArUDha avasthA se asaMkhyAta guNI hai tathA vahI munirAja jaba kevalajJAna prApta kara arihanta bhagavAn ho jAte haiM to unakI nirjarA kSINamoha avasthA se asaMkhyAtaguNI hai, isa prakAra ina 10 sthAnoM para nirjarA kA krama darzAyA hai| jahA~ para 11 sthAna batAye haiM, vahA~ arihanta bhagavAn avasthA se bhI jyAdA nirjarA jaba ve kevalI samudghAta karate haiM to kevalI avasthA se bhI asaMkhyAta guNI nirjarA karate haiN| yahA~ para jo udAharaNa liyA gayA hai vaha eka jIva ko lekara hai| usI jIva kI aneka avasthAoM ke AdhAra para liyA gayA hai| dhavalA pustaka 12 meM adhaH pravRtta kevalIsaMyata aura yoganirodha kevalIsaMyata aisA liyA hai| kauna-kauna se pAtra kaba-kaba karate haiM isa sambandha meM vicAra karate haiM ki pAtroM ke anusAra asaMkhyAta guNa zreNI nirjarA kitane samaya taka hotI hai| - 1. avirata samyagdRSTi - sirpha samyagdarzana prApti ke samaya guNa zreNI nirjarA karate haiM tathA kisase asaMkhyAtaguNI so AcArya kahate haiM ki sAtizaya mithyAdRSTipane meM jo nirjarA ho rahI thI usase asaMkhyAta guNI karate haiM / avirata samyagdRSTi yadi Age nahIM bar3hatA, vratAdi svIkAra nahIM karatA to usake jIvana meM phira nahIM hotI sirpha samyagdarzana prApti kAla meM hI hotI hai| 2. vratI zrAvaka apanI bhUmikA meM rahate huye avirata samyagdRSTi avasthA se asaMkhyAta guNI karate haiM / yahA~ vizeSatA hai ki pA~cavAM guNasthAna jaba taka banA rahegA taba taka nirantara asaMkhyAta guNa zreNI nirjarA karate rheNge| 3. muni mahArAja mahAvratI bhI apane yogya guNasthAnoM meM pUre samaya taka nirantara guNa zreNI nirjarA karate haiM / Page #277 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ 4. anantAnubandhI kI visaMyojanA karane vAle visaMyojanA ke kAla meM mAtra karate haiN| 5. darzanamohanIya kI kSapaNA karane vAle jIva bhI jisa samaya kSAyika samyagdarzana prApti kA upAya karate haiM usa samaya apanI pAtrAnusAra nirjarA karate haiN| udAharaNa ke liye koI avirata samyagdRSTi kSAyika samyagdarzana prApta karane kI bhUmikA meM jisa samaya hogA usa bhUmikA meM 5 veM krama meM kahI gaI nirjarA karege, lekina sirpha kSAyika samyagdarzana prApti ke kAla meM, zeSa jIvana avratI haiM to nahIM kreNge| vizeSa vicAraNIya bindu - sUtra 9/45 meM jo 10/11 sthAna kahe gaye haiM unameM cauthe nambara para anantAnubandhI kI visaMyojanA karane vAle evaM pA~caveM sthAna para darzana mohanIya kI kSapaNA karane vAle pAtra ko liyA gayA hai| vahA~ prazna hotA hai ye pAtra kauna se guNasthAnavartI leveM ? kyA vahA~ para cauthe guNasthAnavartI-pA~caveM guNasthAnavartI jIva bhI ho sakate haiM athavA muni kI apekSA se kathana hai ? yaha vicAraNIya hai| kyA vahA~ vaha avirata samyagdRSTi viyojaka evaM aviratakSAyika samyagdRSTi muni mahArAja kI apekSA asaMkhyAta guNI nirjarA karatA hai| isa sambandha meM bhinna-bhinna granthoM ke sandarbhoM ko hama yahA~ prastuta karate haiM jisake dvArA isa viSaya para prakAza par3atA hai| alaga-alaga AcAryoM meM se bahuta se AcAryoM kA abhimata eka jaisA hai kintu dhavalAkAra kA mata bhinna dikhAI par3atA hai ata: hameM donoM mata svIkAra karane yogya haiN| dhavalA jI meM bahuta spaSTa zakA aura usakA samAdhAna karate huye AcArya vIrasena svAmI ne anantAnubandhI viyojaka asaMyata samyagdRSTi, saMyatAsayata aura saMyata ko grahaNa kiyA hai tathA vahA~ para anantAnubandhI viyojaka kI visaMyojanA ke area meM vizuddhi anantaguNI hai| phalasvarUpa vahaoN para muni saMgata se bhI jyAdA nirjarA anantAnubandhI viyojaka karatA hai| yadyapi darzanamohanIya kI kSapaNA ke sambandha meM khulAsA nahIM kiyA kintu sUtra krama meM pAtra krama se aura pUrva sUtra ke khulAsA se hama darzanamohanIya kI kSapaNA karane vAloM kI guNazreNI nirjarA meM bhI asaMyata, sayatAsaMyata aura saMyata ko grahaNa kara sakate haiN| isa sambandha me aneka grantha eva dhavalAjI kA mantavya kA avalokana saMkSipta me karate haiN| 6. upazama zreNI / kSapaka zreNI para ArUr3ha hokara upazAmaka / kSINamoha guNasthAnavartI sabhI jIva antarmuhUrta taka nirantara apanI pAtratA anusAra nirjarA karate haiM, yaha jarUra hai ki Upara-Upara kI avasthAoM meM antarmuhUrta meM pahale kI apekSA samaya ghaTatA jAtA hai aura guNazreNI nirjarA asaMkhyAta guNita krama se bar3hatI jAtI hai| 7. jina bhagavAna jaba taka kevalIpane ko prApta rahate haiM apanI arihanta avasthA meM nirantara asaMkhyAta guNI nirjarA karate haiM / 8. samudghAta kevalI bhagavAna mamudghAta ke samaya arihanta avasthA se bhI asaMkhyAta guNI nirjarA karate haiN| anya - anya granthoM kA mantabya - sarvArthasiddhikAra AcArya pUjyapAda svAmI ne sarvArthasiddhi grantha ke naveM adhyAya 45 veM sUtra kI TIkA karate hue 908 veM anuccheda me 10 pAtroM ke anusAra apanI bAta kahI hai tathA usameM AcArya mahArAja ne ve 10 sthAna eka hI jIva ke vikAsa krama ko lekara kahe haiN| AcArya pUjyapAda jI ke mantavya meM anantAnubandhI kI visaMyojanA tathA darzanamohanIya kA kSaya karane vAlI avasthA muni mahArAja ke hI leveM aisA dikhAI par3atA hai vahA~ caturtha guNasthAnavartI ke liye bhI kahA ho aisA nahIM jhalakatA, kyoMki 'sa eva sa eva' kahate huye prArambha se dasoM sthAnoM ko kahA / isaliye jaba krama meM samyagdRSTi- zrAvaka-virata anantAnubaMdhI viyojaka- darzanamokSapaka aisA krama kahA hai| jisase vahA~ muni kI apekSA se leveM aisA avabhAsita hotA hai| sarvArthasiddhi TokA pRSTha 362 saMskRta TIkA- hindI artha evaM paM. phUlabanda jo zAsvI kA vizeSArtha avalokana karane yogya hai| - Page #278 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ 222/svArthasUtramikava 2. tasvArthavRtti AcArya bhAskaranandi TIkA meM bhI navameM adhyAya ke peMtAlIsaveM sUtra kI TIkA karate huye pRSTa 545546 kI saMskRta TIkA meM yahI bhAva pradarzita hai| vahA~ nirjarA ke kAloM kI vyAkhyA bhI sundara DhaMga se kI gaI hai| 3. jaina tattva vidyA grantha meM jo zAstra sAra samuccaya kI TIkA ke rUpa meM pUjya pramANasAgara jI mahArAja dvArA racita haiM, 4 ye adhyAya ke sUtra 62 kI TIkA 352-353 pRSTha para vistAra se kI gaI / 4. tatvArtha sUtra kI TIkA zrI paM. phUlacandra jI siddhAntazAstrI dvArA bhI isI mantavya ko jhalakAyA hai| dekheM pRSTha adhyAya 9 sUtra 45 para / 5. tattvArthasUtra TIkA paM. kailAzacandra jI banArasa dvArA pRSTha 151 para navameM adhyAya ke peMtAlIsaveM sUtra ke artha evaM vizeSArtha meM bahuta sarala zabdoM meM guNa zreNI nirjarA ke dasa sthAnoM kA kathana kiyA hai| 6. tasvArthasUtra saralArtha - ke navameM adhyAya sUtra 45 kI TIkA pRSTha 267-68 para guNazreNI nirjarA ke dasa sthAnoM kA kathana karate huye vizeSArtha meM 5 bAtoM dvArA kathana ko aura spaSTa karate huye eka jIva kI apekSA se hI kathana kiyA hai| 7. tattvArtha rAjavArtika ke dvitIya bhAga pRSTha 635-636 adhyAya 9 ke sUtra 45 kI TIkA meM akalakadeva svAmI ne samyagdRSTi se tInoM samyagdRSTi upazama, kSayopazama aura kSAyika grahaNa kiyA hai| pazcAt zrAvaka ko kahakara Age yathA krama se le lenA / 8. tattvArthazlokavArtika meM AcArya vidyAnandi mahArAja ne bhI pRSTha kI saMskRta TIkA adhyAya 9/45 meM samyagdRSTi se tInoM samyagdRSTi grahaNa kiyA hai isase aisA jAna par3atA hai ki rAjavArtikakAra aura zlokavArtikakAra bhI cauthe aura pA~caveM krama kI nirjarA pAtroM meM vahA~ muni viyojaka aura muni kSapaka hai aisA kahanA cAha rahe haiN| muni avasthA prApta hone ke pazcAt jo agale krama meM nirjarA ke jitane anya sthAna kahe gaye, ve saba muni apekSA haiM, aisA abhiprAya jAna paDatA hai / 9. SaTkhaNDAgama pustaka 12- sUtra 178 pRSTha 82 para ukta vivaraNa prApta hotA hai 'usase anantAnubandhI kI visayojanA karane vAle kI zreNI guNAkAra asaMkhyAta guNA hai / 178 | ' svasthAna saMyata ke utkRSTa guNazreNI guNAkAra kI apekSA asaMyata samyagdRSTi, sayatAsayata aura saMyata jIvoM meM anantAnubandhI kA visaMyojana karane vAle jIva kA jaghanya guNazreNI guNAkAra asaMkhyAta guNA adhika hai| arthAt saMyata ke jo utkRSTa nirjarA ho rahI hai use anantAnubandhI viyojaka kI jaghanya nirjarA bhI visayojanA ke kAla meM asaMkhyAta guNI hai| zaMkA- saMyama rUpa pariNAmoM kI apekSA anantAnubandhI kA visaMyojana karane vAle asaMyata samyagdRSTi ke pariNAma anantaguNA hIna hotA hai aisI avasthA meM usase asaMkhyAta guNI pradeza nirjarA kaise ho sakatI hai ? . samAdhAna - yaha koI doSa nahIM kyoMki saMyama rUpa pariNAmoM kI apekSA anantAnubandhI kaSAyoM kI visaMyojanA meM kAraNabhUta samyaktva rUpa pariNAma anantaguNe upalabdha haiM / zaMkA- yadi samyaktva rUpa pariNAmoM ke dvArA anantAnubandhI kaSAyoM kI visaMyojanA kI jAtI hai to sabhI sambadRSTi jIvoM meM usakI visaMyojanA kA prasaMga AtA hai ? * "4 1 samAdhAna - aisA pUchane para uttara meM kahate haiM ki saba samyagdRSTiyoM meM usakI visaMyojanA kA prasaMga nahIM A sakatA Page #279 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ tasyArthasUna zivAya 223 hai kyoki viziSTa samyaktva svarUpa pariNAmoM ke dvArA hI anantAnubandhI kaSAyoM kI visaMyojanA svIkAra kI gaI hai| isa prasaMga para dhavalA jI kI 12 vIM pustaka ke pRSTha 78 gAthA naM. 7-8 tathA sUtra kramAMka 175 se 185 avalokana karane .4 1 * yogya haiN| upasaMhAra - asaMkhyAta guNa zreNI nirjarA kA avalokana karane ke pazcAt dRSTi meM yaha bAra-bAra AtA hai ki jIva bhinna-bhinna sthAnoM para apanI bhUmikA / pAtratA anusAra hara agale sthAno para pichale sthAnoM kI apekSA asakhyAta guNI asaMkhyAta guNI nirjarA karate haiM to karma bAMdhe kitane the ? pichalI aneka paryAyoM meM saMgraha ke rUpa ikaTThe hote gaye ye karma to ke samAna se jAna par3ate haiM aura itane karmoM kA bojhA lekara jIva binA guNazreNI nirjarA kare U para A hI nahIM sakatA | bAMdhate samaya to na hoza thA na jJAna, lekina nirjarA ke samaya kA prakaraNa dekhakara A~kheM caudhiyAM jAtIM haiN| usameM bhI eka vizeSatA hai ki avirata samyagdRSTi jIva kI nirjarA to mAtra samyaktva prApti ke kAla meM hotI hai jabaki vratI zrAvaka / munirAja kI guNazreNI nirjarA pUre jIvanakAla meM nirantara hara pichale samaya kI apekSA agale samayoM asakhyAta guNI hotI jAtI hai| apane jIvana kAla meM dezavratI / mahAvratI kitanI nirjarA kara lete haiM isakA Akalana avazya karanA cAhiye / merA vyaktigata vicAra hai ki sabhI sudhI pAThaka / vidvAn pravacanakAra jo apane vicAroM / lekhoM / pravacanoM ke mAdhyama se jIvoM ke kalyANamArga ko prazasta kara rahe haiM unase merA anurodha hai ki hama Asrava-baMdha kI carcA ke sAtha saMvara kI carcA bhI bahuta karate hai kintu isI kar3I meM nirjarA meM asaMkhyAta guNa zreNI nirjarA kI bhI carcA sAmAnya jIvoM ke bIca meM kareM sabhI jIvoM ko yaha samajha meM Aye to loga avazya ho vratoM kI ora agrasara hoMge, vratI jIvana agIkAra karake zreNI nirjarA ke mAdhyama se apane anantoM karmoM ke bojha ko vartamAna paryAya meM bar3e hI sahaja DhaMga se halakA karane meM sakSama ho skeNge| jaba taka vratI jIvana aMgIkAra nahIM bhI kara sakeMge taba taka apane pariNAmoM dvArA usa pada ko pAne kI bhAvanA apane karmoM ko nirantara khirAne kI bhAvanA ko balavatI banAte huye apane vikAsa ke mArga ko gati deMge aisA merA mAnanA hai / sandarbhita grantha sUcI 1. sarvArthasiddhi - saMskRta TIkA AcArya pUjyapAda hindI TIkA pa. phUlacandra zAstrI, bhAratIya jJAnapITha prakA. 2. tattvArthavArtika akalaMkadeva, prakAzana bhAratIya jJAnapITha dillI - 3. tattvArthavRtti - bhAskaranandI TIkA anu. AryikA jinamatI, prakA. pAMcUlAla jaina kizanagar3ha, 4. tastvArthavRttiH - zrutasAgarIya TIkA, bhAratIya jJAnapITha prakAzana 5. jaina tattva vidyA pU. pramANasAgara jI, bhAratIya jJAnapITha prakAzana - 6. tattvArthazlokavArtika - saMskRta TIkA, AcArya vidyAnandi, prakA. gAMdhI raMgAnAtha jaina graMthamAlA, mumbaI 7. tattvArthasUtra - paM. phUlacandra zAstrI, prakA. 8. tattvArthasUtra - paM. kailAzacandra zAstrI, prakA, bhAratavarSIya jaina saMgha, caurAsI mathurA 9. tasvArthasUtra saralArtha bhAgacanda jaina indu gulagaMja, prakA. jabalapura 10. SaTkhaNDAgama parizIlana- paM. bAlacanda zAstrI, bhAratIya jJAnapITha prakAzana 11. SaTkhaNDAgama dhavalA pustaka 12, prakAzana sitAbarAya lakhamIcanda vidizA Page #280 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ mukta jIva evaM mokSa kA svarUpa * paM. ratanalAla bainAmA mokSa kA artha mukti yA chuTakArA hotA hai / arthAt anAdikAla se karmabaMdhana ko prApta jIva kA, karmabaMdhana se rahita ho jAnA mokSa hai / tattvArthasUtrakAra ne adhyAya 10, sUtra 2 meM mokSa kI paribhASA isa prakAra kI hai- bandhahetvabhAvanirAmyA kRtsnakavipramobo mokSaH / artha - baMdha ke kAraNoM kA abhAva ho jAne se tathA nirjarA se sampUrNa karmoM kA Atyantika kSaya ho jAnA hI mokSa hai| bandha ke hetuoM ke bAre meM AcArya umAsvAmI mahArAja ne svayaM AThaveM adhyAya kA prathama sUtra isa prakAra likhA hai - mithyAparsanAviratipramAdakapAyayogA bandhahetavaH / arthAt bandha ke kAraNabhUta mithyAdarzana, avirati, pramAda, kaSAya aura yoga haiN| ina sabhI bandha ke kAraNoM kA aura AtmA ke sAtha anAdikAla se jo karmapuMja sambandha ko prApta thA, usake sattva, bandha, udaya aura udIraNA ina cAroM hI dazAoM kA, sampUrNa rUpa se samApta ho jAnA mokSa hai| yadi koI aisA vicAre ke duHkha rUpI samudra meM nimagna sAre jagat ke prANiyoM ko dekhane jAnane vAle bhagavAna ko kArUNya bhAva utpanna hotA hogA taba usase to bandha honA hI cAhie ? isakA uttara rAjavArtikakAra adhyAya 10 sUtra 4 kI TIkA meM dete haiM ki bhakti, sneha, kRpA aura spRhA Adi rAga vikalpoM kA abhAva ho jAne se vItarAga prabhu ke jagat ke prANiyoM ko duHkhI aura kaSTa meM par3e hue dekhakara karuNA aura tatpUrvaka bandha nahIM hotA / kyoMki unake sarva AsavoM kA parikSaya ho gayA hai| sarvArthasiddhikAra ne adhyAya / sUtra 4 kI TIkA karate hue bar3I sakSepa sI paribhASA mokSa kI dI hai, yathA - kRtsnakarmavipraviyogalakSaNo mokSaH / arthAt saba karmo kA AtmA se alaga ho jAnA mokSa hai / isa sUtra meM tIna zabda bahuta mahattvapUrNa haiM / 'vi', 'pra' tathA 'mokSa' / yahA~ vi se tAtparya viziSTa rUpa se hai arthAt jo anya manuSyoM meM asAdhAraNa ho / prase tAtparya prakRSTa rUpa se hai arthAt jo ekadeza kSaya ho jAnA nAmaka nirjarA, usakA utkRSTa rUpa se Atyantika yAnI anantAnanta kAla ke lie chUTa jaanaa| mokSa zabda se tAtparya hai kSaya ho jAnA yA AtmA se alaga ho jAnA arthAta jo kArmANa vargaNAeM karma rUpa pariNamita hokara AtmA se sambandha ko prApta huI thIM unakA nirjarita hokara puna: kArmaNa vargaNA rUpa ho jAnA isI ko yahA~ mokSa kahA hai / yahA~ para AtmA ke dravyakarma, bhAvakarma aura nokarma ina tInoM prakAra ke karmoM se chUTa jAnA hI mokSa rUpa se vivakSita hai| koI munirAja jaba kSapakazreNI mAr3akara vesaTha prakRtiyoM kA kSaya karake arihaMta parameSThI banane ke uparAnta caudahaveM guNasthAna meM praveza karate haiM aura caudahave ayogakevalI guNasthAna ke upAnta samaya meM 72 prakRtiyoM kA aura antima samaya meM zeSa bacI huI 12/13 prakRtiyoM kA kSaya karate haiM taba hI samasta karmoM kA kSaya kahA jAtA hai, isI * harIparvata, prophesara kAlonI, AgarA Page #281 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ lakSyArthasUna kA nAma mokSa hai| aura jo isa prakAra samasta karmoM se yahA~ chUTakara eka samaya mAtra meM hI siddha parameSThI banakara loka ke anta meM antima tanuvAtavalaya ke antima 525 dhanuSa meM jAkara virAjamAna ho jAte haiM, ve mukta jIva haiN| karmakSaya ko zlokavArtitakAra ne do prakAra kA kahA hai eka prayatnasAdhya aura dUsarA aprayatnasAdhya / arthAt jima karmo kA kSaya prayatna se sAdhya kiyA jAtA hai vaha prayatnasAdhya hai aura caramazarIrI jIvoM ke narakAyu-tiryacAyu aura devAyu ina tIna karmoM kA satA me abhAva honA hI kSaya mAnA gayA hai use aprayatnasAdhya kSaya kahA gayA hai| zeSa prakRtiyoM ke kSaya ko, prayatnasAdhya kahA jAtA hai| mokSa ke bheda yadyapi samasta karmakSaya rUpa mokSa eka prakAra kA hI hai tadapi vibhinna apekSAoM se bheda karake AcAryoM ne mokSa ke bhedoM kA kaI prakAra se nirUpaNa kiyA hai| kinhI zAstrakAroM ne mokSa ke do bheda kahe haiM- dravyamokSa aura bhAvamokSa / dravyasaMgraha gAthA 37 kI TIkA karate hue brahmadevasUri ne bhAvamokSa kA svarUpa isa prakAra kahA hai- 'nizcayaratnatrayAtmakakAraNasamayasArarUpI sphuTamAtmanaH pariNAmaH yaH sarvasya dravyabhAvarUpamohanIyAdidhAti catuSTayakarmaNo vahetu iti' arthAt nizcayaratnatrayAtmaka kAraNa samayasAra rUpa prakaTa AtmA kA jo pariNAma samasta dravyabhAva rUpa mohanIya Adi cAra ghAtiyA karmo ke nAza kA kAraNa hai vaha bhAvamokSa hai| isakA guNasthAna 13 vAM hai, arthAt arhanta parameSThI bhAvamokSa prApta hai / dravyamokSa kI paribhASA isa prakAra kahI hai - TekotkIrNazuddhabuddhaikasvabhAvaparamAtmanAyurAvizevAghAtikarmANAmapi ya AtyantikapRthak bhAvo vizleSo vighaTanamiti dravyamokSaH sa ayogacaramasamaye bhavati / artha - TakotkIrNa, zuddha, buddha jisakA eka svabhAva hai aise paramAtmA se Ayu Adi zeSa cAra adhAti karmoM kA bhI atyanta rUpa se pRthak honA - bhinna honA, chUTa jAnA dravyamokSa hai aura vaha ayogakevalI nAmaka caudahaveM guNasthAna ke antima samaya meM hotA hai| nayacakrAdi granthoM me bhI mokSa ke do bhedo kA varNana pAyA jAtA hai| AcArya vIrasena mahArAja ne dhavalA pustaka 13 pR. 823 para likhA hai- 'so mokso tiviho jInomo poggalamokso, jIvapomyalamokso cedi artha - mokSa tIna prakAra kA hai, - 1. jIvamokSa, 2. pudgala mokSa aura 3. jIvapudgalamokSa | kucha AcAryoM ne mokSa ke cAra bheda bhI kie hai- nAmamokSa, sthApanamokSa, dravyamokSa aura bhAva mokSa / akalakasvAmI ne rAjavArtika adhyAya 1, sUtra 7 kI TIkA karate hue kahA hai- 'sAmAnyAdeko mokSaH dravyabhAvabhoktavyabhedAvaneko'pi / ' artha sAmAnya se mokSa eka hI prakAra kA hai, dravya, bhAva aura bhoktavya kI dRSTi se aneka prakAra kA bhI hai| muktajIba aura unakI kucha vizeSa carcAyeM - jaisA Upara kahA hai mukta jIva kA lakSaNa pacAstikAya gAthA 28 me isa prakAra kahA hai - kammamamavipakko uddhaM logassa aMtamadhigaMtA / so samvaNAvarisI mahadi suhamanidivamayaM || artha - karmamala se mukta AtmA Urdhva loka ke anta ko prApta karake sarvajJa, sarvadarzI, ananta atIndriya sukha kA anubhava karatA hai| rAjavArtikakAra ne mukta jIva kA svarUpa isa prakAra kahA hai- 'nirastadravyabhAvabandhAH muktA: 1' (adhyAya 2, Page #282 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ sUba 10) jinake dravya va bhAva donoM karma naSTa ho gaye haiM ve mukta haiN| nayacakrakAra ne bhI gAthA 107 meM mukta jIva kA svarUpa isa prakAra kahA hai mAkammasukhA masarIrAtasoksaNANaDA / paramapAtaM patA je te sivAha khalu mukkA / / artha - jinake aSTa karma naSTa ho gaye haiM, zarIra rahita ho ananta sukha va ananta jJAna meM AsIna haiM aura parama prabhutva ko prApta haiM aise siddha bhagavAna mukta haiN| mukta jIvoM meM 'saMsAriNo muktAzca' isameM muktA: zabda ke anusAra do bheda bhI kahe gaye haiM - jIvanmukta evaM mukta / 13 veM guNasthAnavartI sayogakevalI ko jIvanmukta kahA hai| paMcAstikAya gAthA 150 kI TIkA meM isa prakAra likhA hai- 'bhAvamokSa: kevalajJAnotpatti: jiivnmukto'htpdmityekaarthH|' artha - bhAvamokSa, kevalajJAna kI utpatti, jIvanmukta aura arhanta pada ye saba ekArthavAcaka haiM / yadi koI prazna kare ki arhanta parameSThI mukta haiM yA saMsArI to paMcAstikAya ke anusAra hamArA uttara hogA ki ve jIvanmukta haiN| lekina AcArya vidyAnanda mahArAja ne zlokavArtika meM uparokta sUtra kI TIkA meM bar3e rocaka DhaMga se likhA hai ki saMsArI jIva cAra prakAra ke hote haiM - 1. sasArI, 2. nosasArI, 3. asaMsArI, 4. siddha / arthAt prathama se 11 veM guNasthAna taka ke jIva sasArI haiN| kyoMki unakA abhI bahuta saMsAra bAkI hai| 12 veM guNasthAna aura 13veM guNasthAnavI jIva ko nosasArI arthAta ISatsasArI kahA hai kyoMki ve zIghra hI mokSa ko prApta kareMge / 14 veM guNasthAnavartI jIva asaMsArI haiM kyoMki ve mokSa jAne hI vAle hai aura siddha to mokSa prApta kara hI cuke mukta jIvoM ke bhAva - tattvArthasUtrakAra ne isa sambandha meM do sUtra diye haiM - 'mIpazamikAdibhavyatvAnAM ca' 'anyatrakevalajJAnadarzanasiddhatvebhyaH' arthAt aupazamikAdi bhAvoM aura bhavyatva bhAva ke abhAva hone me mokSa hotA hai / para kevala samyaktva, kevalajJAna aura siddhatva bhAva kA abhAva nahIM hotaa| ina sUtroM meM bhavyatva bhAva kA nirdeza yaha batA rahA hai ki pAriNAmika bhAva kA eka bheda jIvatva bhAva yahA~ raha jAtA hai| aura cauthe sUtra kA tAtparya hai ki yahA~ nau kSAyika bhAva tathA mamasta karmo ke naSTa hone se siddhatva bhAva pAyA jAtA hai| mukta jIvakI avagAhanA evaM sthiti loka ke agrabhAga meM jo mukta jIva virAjamAna haiM unake AtmapradezoM kI utkRSTa avagAhanA 525 dhanuSa se kucha kama aura jaghanya avagAhanA sADhe tIna arani se kucha kama hotI hai| kinhIM AcAryoM ne mukta jIvoM kI avagAhanA uparokta donoM pramANoM ke 2/3 bhI svIkRta kI hai| vizeSa yaha hai ki sADhe tIna aratnI se kama avagAhanA vAle jIvoM ko mokSa nahIM hotA, sAtha hI jina jIvoM kI avagAhanA sADhe tIna aratnI se lekara sAta aratnI se kucha kama hotI hai unakA mokSa prApti kA Asana khaDagAsana yA kAyotsarga mudrA hI kahI gaI hai| isakA kAraNa yaha hai ki jitanI jisa jIva kI avagAhanA hai vaha papAsana se baiThane para AdhI avagAhanA vAlA ho jAtA hai aura yadi 5 arali avagAhanA vAle jIva padmAsana se makti prApta kareM to unakI avagAhanA DhAI arani raha jAyegI, jo Agama meM svIkAra nahIM kI gaI hai| yaha bhI jJAtavya hai ki AtmapradezoM kI avagAhanA ko jitanA zarIra kI avamAhanA se choTA honA hotA hai, vaha AtmapradezoM kI avagAhanA 13 veM guNasthAna ke anta samaya meM hI ho jAtI hai| kyoMki AtmapradezoM kA saMkoca aura vistAra zarIra nAmakarma ke udaya se 13veM guNasthAna ke antima samaya taka hI kahA gayA hai / ata: AtmapradezoM kA saMkoca yA vistAra 13 veM guNasthAna ke bAda phira nahIM hotA aura isIlie mukta hone ke uparAnta Atmapradeza na to vistarita hote haiM na saMkucita / Page #283 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ / lokavArmika khaNDa 7, pR. 444 meM paM. mANikacaMda jI kaudeya jI TIkA karate hue likhate haiM ki sabhI siddha parameSThiyoM ke sirobhAga arthAt uparima Atmapradeza alokAkAza ke adhastana pradezoM se sparzita hai| kondeya kho kA bayAna hai ki upasarga dvArA antakRta kevalI banane vAle kevaliyoM ke Atmapradeza kevalajJAna hone para aise AkAra ko prApta ho jAte haiM, jo unakA zirobhAga Upara ho jAtA hai| yadyapi AcAryoM ne nizcaya mokSamArga ko sAkSAt mokSamArga kahA hai parantu zlokavArtikakAra ne mokSa kA kAraNa isa prakAra batAyA hai - 'kSINakaSAye darzanacAritrayoH kSAyikatve'pi muktyupAdane kevalApekSitvasya suprsiddhtvaat|' (zlo. vA. prathama pustaka, pR. 487) arthAt kSINa kaSAya nAmaka 12 veM guNasthAna Adi meM samyaktva aura cAritra kSAyika ho jAne para bhI mukti rUpa kArya kI utpatti karane meM kevalajJAna kI apekSA rahatI hai, yaha bhalI prakAra prasiddha hai| . yadyapi yahA~ mukti prApti meM kevalajJAna kAraNa hai tathApi manuSyAyu kI zeSa sthiti dvArA usameM bAdhA ho rahI hai| isIlie zlokavArtikakAra Age likhate haiM - tenAyogijinasyAntyakSaNavarti prakIrtitam / ratnatrayamazeSAcaviSAtakAraNaM dhuvam // zlo.vA.pra.pu.pR. 489 artha - isalie ayogIjina ke caudahaveM guNasthAna ke antima samayavartI ratnatraya ko sampUrNa karmoM kA vighAta karane vAlA kahA gayA hai| arthAt 14 veM guNasthAna ke antima samayavartI ratnatraya hI sAkSAt mokSa kA kAraNa hai| AcArya pUjyapAda ne iSTopadeza meM isa prakAra kahA hai - badhyate mucyate jIvaH samamo nirmamaH kramAt / tasmAtsarvaprayatnena, nirmamatva vicintayet / / 26 / / artha - mamatA bhAva vAlA (rAgI) jIva karmo ko bAMdhatA hai aura mamatA rahita (vItarAgI) jIva mukta ho jAtA hai isalie pUre prayatna ke sAtha nirmamatA (samatA, vItarAgatA) bhAva kA hI cintavana karanA caahie| AcArya kundakunda ne karmoM se chUTane kA upAya isa prakAra kahA hai - ratto baMdhadi kamma muccadi jIvo virAgasaMpatto / eso jiNobadeso tamhA kambesu mA rjv|| samayasAra 150 artha - rAgI jIva karma bAdhatA hai aura vairAgya ko prApta jIva karma se chUTatA hai yaha jinendra bhagavAna kA upadeza hai, isalie karmoM meM rAga mata kro| yadi koI aisA prazna kare ki sasArI jIvoM ko nirantara karmoM kA bandha aura udaya hotA rahatA hai, usake mokSa kA upAya kaise saMbhava hai ? usakA uttara vRhadravyasaMgraha gAthA 37 kI TIkA meM isa prakAra diyA hai - 'jisa prakAra koI buddhimAna manuSya puruSArtha karake zatru ko naSTa karatA hai| usI prakAra karmoM kI bhI eka rUpa avasthA nahIM rahatI hai| jaba karma kI sthiti aura anubhAga hIna hone para vaha laghu aura kSINa hotA hai taba buddhimAna bhavya jIva AmamabhASA se pA~ca labdhi rUpa aura adhyAtmabhASA se niz2azuddhAtmAbhimukha pariNAma nAmaka vizeSa prakAra kI nirmala, bhAvanA rUpa khaDma se. puruSArtha karake karma zatru ko naSTa karatA hai|' arthAt karma ke tIna udaya meM AtmakalyANa rUpa puruSArtha saMbhava nahIM ho pAtA parantu jaba kavAya kA Page #284 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ 28/salyAcA-nika canda udaya ho taba yadi AtmapuruSArtha meM udyata ho jAya to karma nAza karake mukti prApta karane kA upAya kara sakatA hai| saMsArI AtmA karma bandhana se mukta hote hI usI sthAna se ThIka Upara eka samaya meM lokAnta meM jAkara virAjamAna ho jAtI hai| kucha jIvoM kI dhAraNA hai ki siddha bhagavAn ardhacandrAkAra siddhazilA meM virAjate haiM aura isI apekSA se ve svAstika ke Upara jaba ardhacandrAkAra banAte haiM, to usameM eka bindu rakhate hue siddha bhagavAn kI kalpanA karate haiM jabaki zAstrAnusAra yaha dhAraNA ucita nahIM hai| satya yaha hai ki sarvArthasiddhi vimAna ke dhvajadaNDa se 12 yojana Upara khAlI sthAna hai usake bAda ATha yojana moTI, eka rAjU cauDI, sAta rAjU lambI ISatprAgbhAra nAmaka aSTama pRthvI hai, jisameM prasananAr3I ke madhya ke Upara 45 lAkha yojana vyAsa vAlI, madhya meM ATha yojana aura kinAre para aMgala ke asaMkhyAtaveM bhAga moTI, sphaTikamaNi kI siddhazilA khacita hai| lekina isa para siddha bhagavAna nahIM virAjate / isa zilA ke Upara do kosa moTA ghanovadhivalaya hai, usake Upara eka koza moTA ghanavAtavalaya hai aura usake bhI Upara 1575 dhanuSa moTA tanuvAtavalaya hai| (ye sabhI koza aura dhanuSa pramANAMgula kI apekSA jAnane cAhie) usa tanuvAtavalaya ke bhI anta meM arthAt lokAnta meM sabhI jIva virAjate haiN| inakA avasthAna pUre 45 lAkha yojana vistAra meM aura utsedhAMgula kI apekSA 525 dhanuSa moTe siddhakSetra meM hai / arthAt tanuvAtavalaya ke 1575 dhanuSa ke 1500 veM bhAga meM siddhabhagavAna avasthita haiN| ___yadyapi siddha avasthA kI prApti to manuSya loka meM hI hotI hai para karmamukta hote hI AtmA Urdhvagamana svabhAvI hone ke kAraNa sIdhA Upara gamana karatA hai / yahA~ aisA nahIM samajhanA cAhie jaisA ki sonagaDha me prakAzita mokSazAstra adhyAya 10, sUtra 8 kI TIkA meM pR. 631 para likhA hai 'gamana karane vAle dravyoM kI upAdAna zakti hI loka ke agrabhAga taka gamana karane kI hai / arthAt vAstava meM jIva kI apanI yogyatA hI aloka meM jAne kI nahI hai|' ataeva vaha aloka meM nahIM jAtA, dharmAstikAya kA abhAva to isameM nimitta mAtra hai| jabaki vAstavikatA yaha hai ki jIva kI upAdAna zakti to Urdhvagamana svabhAvI hone ke kAraNa aise ananta lokoM ke pAra taka jAne kI hai parantu sahAyaka nimitta rUpa dharmAstikAya kA abhAva hone se ve lokAnta ke Upara alokAkAza meM gamana nahIM karate / jaise yadyapi Age paTarI kA abhAva hone se Trena kA iMjana Age gamana nahIM kara pAtA hai parantu isase usameM zakti kA abhAva nahIM kahA jA sktaa|' ___anya darzanoM ke anusAra mokSa prApta jIvoM kA nivAsa sthAna sImita hotA hai / vahA~ jaba adhika bhIr3a ho jAtI hai taba jIvoM ko nIce saMsAra meM bhejanA prArambha kara diyA jAtA hai| lekina jainadarzana meM aisI mAnyatA nahIM hai, sabhI muktajIva, yadyapi saMsArI avasthA meM karma bandhana se sahita hone ke kAraNa mUrtika kahe jAte haiM, parantu karmabandhana se rahita hone para ve apane svabhAva ko prApta hote hue sparza, rasa, gandha, varNa se rahita amUrtika ho jAte haiN| amUrtika dravya Apasa meM TakarAte yA bAdhA ko prApta nahIM hote / ata: ve eka meM eka samA jAte haiN| isako kisI kavi ne isa prakAra likhA hai - jo eka mAhi bhaneka rANe, aneka mAMhi eka loN| kamameka kI nAhi saMkhyA, namU siddha niraMjano / / aura isa prakAra Aja vahA~ anantAnanta siddha parameSThI, usa sImita sthAna meM virAjamAna haiM aura bhaviSyat kAla ke anantAnanta usI meM virAjamAna ho jAyeMge, raMcamAtra bhI antara par3ane vAlA nahIM hai| anya darzanoM meM to mokSa prApti ke bAda pana: saMsAra Agamana kI carcA hai parantu jainadarzana meM aSTakarma ke bandha ko saMsAra kA kAraNa kahA hai aura karmabandha se rahita ho jAne para phira usa AtmA kA punaH saMsAra Agamana yA janma dhAraNa karanA nitAnta saMbhava nahIM hai| ve mukta jIva ananta Page #285 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ kAla taka TaMkotkIrNa parama sthiratA ko prApta hote hue siddhAlaya meM virAjamAna rahate haiM; ima AtA / zrIkarAvakAcAra meM AcArya samantabhadrasvAmI likhate haiM kAle kalpazatespi ca gate zivAnAM na vikriyAlakSyA / utpAtospi yadi syAt, trilokasaMdhAntikaraNapaTuH ||13311 artha - tInoM lokoM ko ulaTa-pulaTa karane meM samartha koI mahAn utpAta hone para bhI yA saikar3oM kalpakAloM ke bIta jAne para bhI mukta jIvoM meM kisI prakAra kA bikAra (parivartana) saMbhava nahIM / mukta jIvoM kA sukha kucha jIvoM kA aisA soca hai ki mokSa meM kyA sukha milatA hogaa| lagatA hai ki una jIvoM ko mAtra indriya sukha kA hI jJAna hai aura ve Atmasukha ke jJAna se rahita haiN| vAstavikatA yaha hai ki rAgadveSa pariNAmoM se sahita hone ke kAraNa saMsArI AtmA sadaiva AkulatA sahita hone se duHkhI rahatA hai, jabaki aSTakarma naSTa hone se nirAkulatA ko prApta siddha, mukta jIva ananta sukha kA ananta kAla taka upabhoga karane vAle hote haiM, jaisA ki pacAstikAya gAthA 29 meM kahA hai - jAdo sayaM sa vedA savvaNahU sabbalogadarasI ya / pappedi suhamarNataM avvAbAdhaM sagamamutaM // 29 // artha - vaha cetayitA AtmA sarvajJa aura sarvalokadarzI svayaM hotA huA svakIya, amUrta, avyAbAdha, ananta sukha ko prApta karatA hai| ratnakaraNDa zrAvakAcAra me bhI AcArya samantabhadra svAmI ne likhA hai - vidyAdarzanazaktisvAsthyaprahrAdatRptizuddhiyujaH / niratizayA niravadhayo niHzreyasamAvasanti sukham 1113211 artha - usa mokSa meM rahane vAle siddha bhagavAn ananta jJAna, darzana, ananta vIrya, parama udAsInatA, anantasukha, Ananda, tRpti eva paramazuddhatA se sayukta rahate haiM, ve hInAdhika bhAva se rahita samAna guNoM ke dhAraka haiM aura ananta kAla taka sukhapUrvaka usa mokSa meM nivAsa karate haiN| rAjavArtikakAra ne siddhoM kA kaisA sukha hotA hai ? isakA samAdhAna (adhyAya 10 ke anta meM zloka naM. 24-27 ) me isa prakAra kiyA hai. I artha - isa loka meM cAra arthoM meM sukha zabda kA prayoga hotA hai- viSaya, vedanA kA abhAva, karmaphala, mokSa | agni sukhakara hai, vAyu sukhakArI hai ityAdi meM sukha zabda viSayArthaka hai / rogAdi duHkhoM ke abhAva meM puruSa 'maiM sukhI hU~' aisA samajhatA hai vaha vedanAbhAva sukha hai| puNyakarma ke udaya se jo indriya viSayoM se sukhAnubhUti hotI hai vaha karmaphala se utpanna sukha hai aura karma aura kleza ke naSTa hone se prApta anupama mokSa sukha hai| saMsArI jIvoM meM sabase jyAdA sukho ahamindroM ko kahA jAtA hai, jinakI saMkhyA asaMkhyAta hai| aise asaMkhyAta ahamindroM ke tathA samasta saMsArI jIvoM ke prApta sukha se anantAnanta guNA sukha, mukta jIvoM ko pratisamaya prApta hotA hai| mukta jIvoM meM raMcamAtra hI asthiratA nahIM pAI jAtI hai| isalie mana ko ekAgra karane rUpa dhyAna kA yahA~ nitAnta abhAva pAyA jAtA hai| Page #286 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ 1230/tAni yadyapi muktajIvoM ke AtmapradezoM meM raMcamAtra bhI hilanA, DulanA nahIM pAyA jAtA, parantu phira bhI 'utpAdavyayadhauvyayuktaM sat' tathA 'satdravyalakSaNa' ina donoM sUtroM ke anusAra unameM svabhAva se pAye jAne vAle agurulaghu guNa ke kAraNa pratisamaya utpAda, vyaya, dhauvya rUpa pariNamana pAyA jAtA hai| aisA nahIM ki ve apariNAmI ho gae hoN| jaisA pravacanasAra gAthA 18 kI TIkA meM kahA hai - 'yadyapi saMsAra kI janma-maraNa rUpa kAraNa samayasAra kI paryAya kA vinAza ho jAtA hai| parantu kevalajJAnAdi kI vyakti rUpa kAryasamayasAra rUpa paryAya kA utpAda ho jAtA hai| aura donoM paryAyoM se pariNata Atmadravya rUpa se dhauvyatva bhI banA rahatA hai| kyoMki vaha eka padArtha hai athavA dUsarI prakAra se jJeya padArtho meM pratikSaNa tInoM bhaMgoM dvArA pariNamana hotA rahatA hai| aura jJAna bhI paricchittI kI apekSA tadanusAra hI tInoM bhaMgoM se pariNamana karatA rahatA hai| tIsarI prakAra se SaTsthAnagata agurulaghuguNa meM hone vAlI vRddhihAni kI apekSA bhI tInoM bhaMga bhI yahA~ jAnane caahie|' arthAt mukta jIvoM meM parispandana nahIM hotA, parantu pariNamana to hotA hI hai| kucha jIva aisI bhI zaMkA karate hue pAe jAte haiM ki saMsArI jIvoM kI saMkhyA se jaba nirantara chaha mahIne ATha samaya meM 608 jIva mokSa jA rahe haiM to kabhI na kabhI to samasta jIva rAzi samApta ho hI jAyegI, usakA uttara zrI dhavalAkAra ne dhavalA pustaka 14 pR. 126 -8 para bahuta sundaratA se diyA hai| prasabhAva ko nahIM prApta hue ananta nigoda jIva saMbhava haiN| Aya rahita jina saMkhyAoM kA vyaya hone para sattva kA viccheda hotA hai, ve saMkhyAe~ sakhyAta aura asaMkhyAta sajJA vAlI hotI haiM / Aya se rahita jina saMkhyAoM kA saMkhyAta aura asaMkhyAta rUpa se vyaya hone para bhI viccheda nahIM hotA hai, unako ananta sajJA hai / aura saba jIva rAzi ananta hai, isalie vaha viccheda ko prApta nahI hotI / anyathA usake ananta hone meM virodha AtA hai / saba atItakAla ke dvArA jo siddha hue haiM unase eka nigoda zarIra ke jIva anantaguNe hai / jisa prakAra anantakAla se sUrya kA bimba nirantara garmI chor3a rahA hai aura phira bhI Aja bhI utanA hI garma hai, usI prakAra anantAnanta jIva rAzi meM se kucha jIvoM ke mukta hone para bhI jIvoM kI rAzi ananta hI rahatI hai|' kucha anya jJAtavya pAMDe - 1. chaha mahIne ATha samaya meM 608 jIva mokSa jAte haiM aura utane hI jIva nitya nigoda ko chor3akara caturgati rUpa bhava ko prApta hote haiN| 2. yadyapi sabhI siddha ekasamAna haiM phira bhI kSetra, kAla, Adi kI apekSA se unameM antara bhI kahA gayA hai| 3. digambara AmnAya ke anusAra kevala dravya puruSavedI mukti prApta kara sakatA hai, dravyastrIvedI nhiiN| 4. pUre 45 lAkha yojana kSetra se jIvoM ko mukti hotI hai| 5. videha kSetra aura vijayAI parvatoM se mukti hamezA sambhava hai, jabaki bharata evaM airAvata kSetra kI karmabhUmiyoM se kevala utsarSiNI aura avasarpiNI ke tIsare kAla ke anta meM, cauthe kAla meM aura cauthe kAla ke utpanna jIva kA paMcama kAla ke prArambha meM mokSa hotA hai| Page #287 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ tatvArthasUna meM strImukti nivedha * prophe. ratanacandra jaina bhASyakAra ne bhASya meM strImukti tathA strI ke tIrthakarI hone kA pratipAdana kiyA hai| kintu tatvArthasUtra meM sarvatra mukti niSedhaka pramANoM se strImukti kA niSedha hotA hai kyoMki strI bhI savastra hotI hai| vaha zArIrika saMracanA vizeSa ke kAraNa vastra tyAga nahIM kara sakatI / isake atirikta bhI tattvArthasUtra meM strImukti virodhI aneka pramANa upalabdha hote haiN| yathA - 1. 'bAdarasAmparAye sarve sUtra meM kahA gayA hai ki nauveM guNasthAna ke savedabhAga paryanta (zvetAmbara mAnyatA ke anusAra) sabhI 22 parISaha hote haiN| isakA tAtparya yaha hai ki nAgnyaparISaha bhI 9 veM guNasthAna taka hotA hai ata: strI nauveM guNasthAna taka nahIM pahu~ca sakatI / strI kA nauveM guNasthAna taka kA na pahu~ca pAnA usakI mukti ke virodha kA sUcaka hai / 2. tattvArthasUtrakAra ne 'zukle cAdye pUrvavidaH'' sUtra dvArA bhI strImukti kA niSedha kiyA hai kyoMki sUtra meM kahA gayA hai cAra prakAra ke zukladhyAnoM meM se Adi ke do dhyAna pRthaktvavitarkavIcAra aura ekatvavitarkavIcAra pUrvavid (caturdaza pUrvo ke jJAtA arthAta zrutakevalI) ko hote haiM aura digambara tathA zvetAmbara donoM sampradAyoM ke anusAra strI ko 11 aMgoM kA hI jJAna ho sakatA hai bhale hI AryikA hai| isase spaSTa hai ki use caturdaza pUrvo kA jJAna nahIM ho sakatA / phalasvarUpa use Adi ke do zukla dhyAna nahIM ho sakate isase kevalajJAna honA asambhava hai| kintu zvetAmbarAcAryo ne tattvArthasUtra ko zvetAmbara sampradAya ke DhAce meM phiTa karane ke lie strI ko pUrvo ke adhyayana ke binA hI unakA jJAna ho jAne kI kalpanA kI hai zrI haribhadrasUri kahate haiM 'strI vedAdi mohanIya karma kA kSaya ho jAne se kSapakazreNI kA viziSTa pariNAma utpanna hone para zrutajJAnAvaraNa kA viziSTa kSayopazama hotA hai| jisase dvAdazAMga ke artha kA bodhAtmaka upayoga prakaTa ho jAtA hai, taba arthopayoga rUpa se dvAdazAMga kI sattA A jAtI hai|" isake paMjikA TIkAkAra candrasUrIzvara jI likhate haiM - 'bArahaveM aMga dRSTivAda meM vidyamAna 'pUrva' nAma ke dhuta kA 1. ka. strIliMgasiddhA: saMkhyeyaguNAH / ..... tIrthakaratIrthasiddhA: striyaH sakhyeyaguNAH / - tasvArthAdhigamabhASya, 10/7 kha. evaM tIrthakarItIrthe siddhA api, - vahI 11/7 2. tattvArthasUtra. 7/12, sa. si. 7/12, bhASya,7/12 3. tattvArthasUtra, 7/37 'Adye zukladhyAne pRthaktvavitarkekatvavitarke pUrvavido bhvtH| - tattvArthAdhigamabhASya 1/37 4. arahaMtacakki kesavabalasaMbhinne yA cAraNe puNNA / gaNaharapulAzaya AhArAMga cana hu bhavati mahilANa // - pravacanasAroddhAra, 1506 5. (dvAdazAMgavat kaivalyasya karya na bAdhaH?) kathaM dvAdazAgapratiSedhaH? tathA vidyAvigrahe tato dossaat| zreNipariNatI tu kAlagatavad bhAvato bhAvo'viruddha ev| -lalitavistarA,strImukti,gA. pR. 406 * e/2, mAnasarovara zAhapurA, bhopAla, (0755) 2424666 Page #288 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ -232/tva-niya jJAna na ho to Adi ke do zukladhyAna nahIM ho sakate aura zAstra yaha bhI kahatA hai ki striyoM ko dRSTivAda kA adhyayana kA niSedha hai, kintu striyoM ko kevalajJAna to hotA hI hai ata: usakA sAdhanabhUta zukladhyAna bhI hotA hai| isIliye yaha mAnanA durbAra hai ki unheM zabda rUpa se adhyayana na hone para bhI dharmadhyAna ke AdhAra para ve kSapakazreNI ke viziSTa pariNAma taka pahu~catI hai aura vahA~ zrutajJAnAvaraNa karma kA aisA kSayopazama ho jAtA hai ki jisase zabdataH na sahI padArtha bauddharUpa se dvAdazAMga zruta kI prApti ho jAtI hai| aisA mAnane meM koI doSa nahIM hai| " kintu aisA mAnane meM aneka doSa haiN| udAharaNArtha - ka. yadi kSapakazreNI kA viziSTa pariNAma hone para zrutajJAnAvaraNa ko viziSTa kSayopazama se strI ko zAbdika jJAna hue binA dvAdazAMga kA arthabodha ho jAtA hai to puruSa ke liye bhI dvAdazAMga ke adhyayana kI anivAryatA asiddha ho jAtI hai, kyoMki use bhI isI prakAra adhyayana ke binA hI dvAdazAMga kA arthAvagama ho sakatA hai| isase dvAdazAMga kA zabdarUpa meM astitva aura adhyayana-adhyApana nirarthaka hone kA prasaMga AtA hai, kintu vaha nirarthaka nahIM mAnA jA sakatA / anyathA bhagavAna use divyadhvani dvArA prakaTa kyoM karate aura gaNadhara usakA saMkalana kyoM krte| isase siddha hai ki uparyukta kalpanA yuktisaMgata na hone se yathArtha nahIM hai| kha. dUsarI bAta yaha hai ki 14 pUrvo ke adhyayanoM ke binA unakA arthabodha unhIM RSiyoM ko hotA hai jinheM prajJAzramaNatvaRddhi (labdhi) prApta ho jAtI hai|' kintu digambara aura zvetAmbara donoM AmnAyoM ke Agamo meM striyoM ko sabhI prakAra kI RddhiyoM kI prApti kA niSedha kiyA gayA hai| yathA zvetAmbara grantha pravacanasAroddhAra meM kahA gayA haiarihaMtacanika- ke sava-bala-saMbhitre va cAraNo-pubvA / gaNahara - pulAya AharagaM ca na hu bhaviya mahilANaM // arthAt bhavya striyA~ tIrthakara cakravartI, nArAyaNa, balabhadra, saMbhinnazrotRtva, cAraNaRddhi, caudahapUrvitva, gaNadhara, pulAka tathA AhArakaRddhi ye dasa avasthAyeM prApta nahIM kara sakatI / yApanIya AcArya pAtyakIrti zAkaTAyana kahate haiM ki yadyapi striyoM meM 'vAda' Adi labdhiyA~ nahIM hotI, ve jinakalpa aura mana:paryayajJAna bhI prApta nahIM kara sakatIM, to bhI unake mokSa kA bhAva nahIM hai yadi 'vAda' Adi labdhiyoM ke 1. zreNipariNatI su kSapaka zreNipariNAme punaH vedamohanIyakSayottarakAlaM kAlagarbhavat, kAle prauDheRtu pravRtyucite udaramatva iva bhAvato dvAdazAMgAryopayogarUpAt na tu zabdato'pi, bhAvaH sattA dvAdazAMgasya, aviruddho na doSavAn / idamatra hRdayamasti asti hi strINAmapi prakRtayuktyA kevalaprAptiH, zukladhyAnasAdhyaM ca tat / dhyAnAntArikAyAM zukladhyAnAdyamedvayAvasAna uttarabhedadvayAnArambharUpAyAM vartamAnasya kevalamutpadye iti vacanAt prAmANyAt / na ca pUrvagatamantareNa zukladhyAnAdyamAdau staH Adye pUrvavidaH (tattvArtha 7 / 37 ) iti vacanAt, dRSTivAdazca na strINAmiti vacanAt, atastadarthopayogarUpaH kSapakazreNipariNatau strINAM dvAdazAMgabhAvaH kSayopazamavizeSAdupadiSTa iti / - vahI paMjikATIkA, pR. 406 2. payaDIe sudaNANAvaraNAe vIrayaMtarAe / ukkastakvasame uppajjara paNNasamaNaddhI // paNNasavaNAddhijudo codApubbI visayahumattaM / savvaM hi sudaM jAdi aAyaNo vi siddhameNA // tiloyapaNNattI, 4 / 10, 17-18 3. pravacanasAroddhAra gAyA, 1506, pR. 325 Page #289 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ tatvArthAnikA abhAva meM striyoM ko mokSa kI prApti asambhava hotI to Agama meM jaise jambUsvAmI ke nirmANa ke bAda jinakalpa Adi ke viccheda kA ullekha kiyA jAnA cAhie thaa|' yahA~ zAkaTAyana ne striyoM meM 'vAda' Adi labdhiyoM kI yogyatA kA bhAva spaSTataH svIkAra kiyA hai| vAdaRddhi yA vAditvaRddhi usa Rddhi ko kahate haiM jisase bahuvAda ke dvArA zakrAdi ke pakSa ko bhI nistara kara diyA jAtA hai|' vAdAdi RddhiyoM meM prajJAzramaNatva Rddhi bhI samAviSTa hai| ataH siddha hai ki striyoM ko prajJAzramaNatva Rddhi kI prApti kA niSedha zvetAmbara, digambara aura yApanIya AmnAyoM meM kiyA gayA hai, isaliye zrI haribhadrasUri kA yaha kathana Agamasammata nahIM hai ki kSapakazreNI kA viziSTa pariNAma utpanna hote hI striyoM ko 14 pUrvo ke artha kA bodha ho jAtA hai| tAtparya yaha ki striyoM ko 14 pUrvo kA na to zabdabodha sambhava hai, na arthabodha ataH zukladhyAna bhI sambhava nahIM hai| phalasvarUpa tattvArthasUtra kA 'zukle cAdye pUrvavida : ' sUtra strImukti kA niSedhaka hai| ga. aura jo yaha kahA gayA hai ki strI ko kevalajJAna hotA hai aura kevalajJAna caturdazapUrvo ke jJAna ke binA sambhava nahIM hai tathA strI ko dvAdazAMga Agama ke adhyayana kA niSedha hai ataH anyathAnupapatti se siddha hotA hai ki strI ko dvAdazAMga adhyayana ke binA hI caturdazapUrvo kA arthabodha ho jAtA hai| yaha anyathAnupapattijanya niSkarSa zvetAmbara AgamoM meM to utpanna ho jAtA hai kintu tattvArthasUtra meM nahIM hotaa| kyoMki tattvArthasUtra meM strI ko kevalajJAna hone kA kahIM bhI ullekha nahIM hai / ata: tattvArthasUtra meM usakI upapatti ke liye strI meM caturdazapUrvo ke jJAna ko yena kena prakAreNa upapAdita karane kI AvazyakatA nahIM hai| zrIharibhadrasUri ne tattvArthasUtra ko zvetAmbarAcAryakRta mAna kara usameM strI ko kevalajJAna prApti kI mAnyatA apane mana se Aropita kara dI hai aura phira strI meM caturdazapUrvo kA jJAna upapAdita karane ke lie uparyukta kevalajJAnaprApti kA ullekha kA abhAva siddha karatA hai ki sUtrakAra ko yaha vicAra mAnya nahIM hai ki strI ko dvAdazAMga Agama kA adhyayana kiye for hI caturdazapUrvo kA avabodha ho jAtA hai isase siddha hai ki tattvArthasUtra kA 'zukle cAdye pUrvavidaH' sUtra strImukti kA niSedha kA mahatvapUrNa pramANa hai / gha. tattvArthasUtra meM varNita 22 pariSahoM meM strIpariSaha kA ullekha bhI yaha siddha karatA hai ki sUtrakAra kevala puruSamukti ke pakSadhara haiM, unheM strImukti amAnya hai| yadi unheM strImukti mAnya hotI to strIpariSaha ke samakakSa puruSapariSaha kA bhI ullekha karate / sva. DA. darabArIlAla koThiyA ne bhI tattvArthasUtra strImukti ke virodhI hone ke pakSa meM yaha tarka prastuta kiyA hai jisa para AkSepa karate hue DA. sAgaramala jI likhate haiM- 'bhAratIya saMskRti kA sarvamAnya tathya hai ki sAre upadezagrantha evaM niyama-grantha puruSa ko pradhAna karake hI likhe gae haiM kintu isase strI kI upekSA yA ayogyatA siddha nahIM hotI hai / samantabhadra Adi digambara AcAryoM ne 'zrAvakAcAra' likhe haiM tathA caturtha aNuvrata ko svadArasaMtoSavrata kahA hai evaM usa 1. vAdavikuryaNatvAvilabdhivirahe zrutaM kanIyasi ca / jinakalpa mana: paryAyavirahe'pi na siddhiviraho'sti // vAdAdinyamAvavada bhaviSyadyadi va siddhadhyamAvo'pi / tAsAmavArayiSyadyacaiva jambUyugAdArAt / strImuktiprakaraNa, 7-8 2. jainadharma kA mApanIya sampradAya, pR. 347-8 Page #290 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ sambandha meM sAre upadeza evaM niyama puruSa ko lakSya karake hI kahe, to usase kyA yaha mAna liyA jAye ki unheM strI vratadhArI zrAvikA honA bhI svIkArya nahIM?'' isa viSaya meM merA nivedana hai ki yadyapi tattvArthasUtrakAra ne zrAvakadharma kA nirUpaNa karate samaya puruSocita vratoM hI vidhAna kiyA hai, kintu jainoM ke tInoM sampradAyoM (digambara, zvetAmbara aura yApanIya) ko puruSa ke samAna strI kA bAvikA honA svIkArya hai, isaliye zrAvakadharma ke puruSocita vratoM ke samakakSa striyocita vratoM kA yuktibala se anurU kara liyA jAtA hai| kintu striyoM kA mukta honA jainoM ke sabhI sampradAyoM ko mAnya nahIM hai| isaliye tattvArthasUtra meM muniA ke antargata jina puruSocita vrata-niyamoM kA vidhAna kiyA gayA hai unase tatsamakakSa striyocita vrata-niyamoM kA yukti se svata: anumAna lagAnA yuktisaMgata evaM nyAyocita nahIM hai| vahA~ strImukti kA pratipAdana kiyA gayA hai yaha tabhI ri ho sakatA hai jaba munivratoM ke samakakSa strIvratoM kA bhI zabdataH yA yuktitaH pratipAdana upalabdha ho| yadyapi 'mUlAcAra' strImukti pratipAdaka nahIM hai to bhI usameM muniyoM aura AryikAoM ke liye viziSTa niyamoM alaga-alaga ullekha kiyA gayA hai| udAharaNArtha- muniyoM ke liye jisa samAcAra kA ullekha kiyA gayA hai AryikAo liye use jyoM kA tyoM grahaNa na kara apanI strIparyAya ke yogya grahaNa karane kA upadeza diyA gayA hai| muni ko yathAjAtarUpadha kahA gayA hai aura AryikAoM ko avikAravatthavesA (vikArarahita vastra aura vezadhArI) AhArAdi ke lie AryikA ko tIna, pAMca yA sAta ke samUha meM jAne kA Adeza diyA gayA hai| jabaki muni akelA bhI jA sakatA hai jahA~ muniyoM giri, kandarA, zmazAna, zUnyAgAra aura vRkSamUla meM Thaharane kA vidhAna milatA hai, vahA~ AryikAoM ko upAzraya meM ra strImukti pratipAdaka zvetAmbarIya Agama AcArAMgAdi meM bhI bhikkhu evaM bhikkhuNiyo athavA nirgranthoM evaM nirgranthani ke lie viziSTa niyama alaga-alaga nirdiSTa kiye gaye haiM ki jo nirgrantha (sAdhu) taruNa ho, yuvaka ho, balavAna ho, nira ho, dRDhasaMhanana vAlA ho, use eka hI vastra dhAraNa karanA cAhie, dUsarA nhiiN| kintu nirgranthaniyoM ko cAra saMghATika rakhanI caahie| eka-do hAtha vistAra vAlI, do tIna pramANa aura eka cAra hAtha pramANa / bRhatkalpasUtra meM nirdeza ki gayA hai ki sAmAnya rUpa se jisa upAzraya meM jAne kA mArga gRhastha ke dharma meM se hokara jAtA ho, vahA~ nirgrantha-nigranthI ThaharanA ucita nahIM hai, parantu vizeSa paristhitiyoM meM nirgranthI ko aise upAzraya meM Thaharane kI anujJA hai|' jahA~ bhikkhu OM bhikkhuNiyoM ke lie niyama eka jaise haiM vahA~ donoM ko sambodhita karake nirdeza kiyA gayA hai| 1.jainadharma kA yApanIya sampradAya, pR. 347-8 2. mUlAcAra, mAthA 180 3. vahI, gAyA 174 4. vahI, gAthA 752, 754 5. 'je jiggaMthe taruNe jugavaM balavaM appayAMke thirasadhayaNe se ega vatthaM dhArejA, No biiyaM / jA NiggathI sA cattAri saMghADio dhArejjA -1 dahatya-vitthAra, do tihatyavityArAo, ega cauhattha-vitthAraM / ' - AcArAMga, dvitIya zrutaskandha, adhyayana , uddezaka 1, sUtra 141 6. no kappaDa niragaMthANaM gAhAvaikulassa majjhaM majheNaM gaMtu vtthe| kappA nimgaMdhINa mAhAvaikulassa majjA majjheNaM gaMtu vtthue|| - bRhatkalpasUtra, 301/33-34 7. 'se bhikTUbA bhikkhuNI vA' - AcArAMga, dvitIyazrutaskandha, piNDaiSaNA, 1/ / suutr| 8. tatvArthAdhigamabhASya 10/7 Page #291 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ tatvArthasva-nika / 235 kintu meM aisA nahIM hai| usameM anayAradharma ke antargata kebala puruSocita vrata niyamoM kA kathana kiyA gayA hai| vahA~ striyocita vrata niyamoM kA bhUla se bhI nAma nahIM liyA gyaa| udAharaNArtha : nAnyaparIvaha puruSa para hI caritArtha hotA hai, strI para nhiiN| sabhI para ghaTita hone vAle isake samakakSa koI parISaha varNita nahIM kiyA gayA hai / strIpariSaha bhI aisA hI hai| isake sAtha strI para ghaTita hone vAle puruSaparISaha kA ullekha nahIM kiyA gyaa| zIta, uSNa, deza-mazaka parISaha bhI sarvatra strI ke anurUpa nahIM haiN| jahA~ AcArAMgAnusAra bhikkhuNiyoM ke lie sAntarottara prAvaraNIya kI vyavasthA ho, cAra saMghATikAoM ko rakhane kI anumati ho, tIna-tIna sUtI UnI kalpoM ke prayoga kI suvidhA dI gaI hai, vahA~ striyoM para zIta, uSNa, daMza-mazaka parISaha svapna meM bhI ghaTita nahIM ho skte| brahmacarya mahAvrata kI bhAvanAoM meM puruSoM ke anurUpa strIrAgakathAzravaNa aura tanmanoharAMganirIkSaNa ke tyAga kA varNana hai| striyoM ke anurUpa puruSarAgakathA, puruSamanoharAMgatyAga kA kathana nahIM hai| acaurya mahAvrata kI zUnyAgAravAsa aura vimocitAvAsa bhAvanAe~ bhI striyoM ke viruddha haiM / digambara Agama mUlAcAra aura zvetAmbara Agama AcArAMga meM AryikAoM ke lie upAzraya meM rahane kA vidhAna kiyA gayA hai| tattvArthasUtra meM varNita vaiyAvRta tapa ke daza bheda AcArya, upAdhyAya, tapasvI, zaikSa, glAna, gaNa, kula, saMgha, sAdhu aura manoja kI sevA strI mahAvratiyoM ke anukUla nahIM haiN| pulAka, bakuza Adi pA~ca bheda muniyoM meM ho batalAe haiM, zraNiyoM meM nhiiN| isase siddha hotA hai ki tattvArthasUtrakAra ekamAtra nagna puruSazarIra ko hI mokSasAdhaka liMga mAnakara cala rahe the, isaliye nagnapuruSaviSayaka hI parISahoM kA ullekha kiyA hai| tattvArthasUtra meM bhikSuNI, nirgranthI, zramaNI aura AryikA inameM se kisI bhI zabda kA prayoga nahIM huA hai| jabaki bhASya meM zramaNI, nirgranthI aura pravartino zabda prayukta hue haiN| tIrthakaraprakRti ke bandha ke hetuoM kA nirdeza karane vAle sUtra meM tIrthaMkara zabda kA hI prayoga hai 'tIrthakarI' kA nhiiN| jabaki bhASyakAra eka anya sUtra ke bhASya meM 'tIrthaMkarI' zabda prayukta karate haiM - ' evaM tIrthakarItIrthe se siddhA api " isa prakAra tattvArthasUtra meM anagAradharma ke antargata kevala puruSa para caritArtha hone vAle vrata-niyamoM kA varNana kiyA jAnA, strI para caritArtha hone vAle eka bhI vrata niyama kA nirdeza nahIM milanA yahA~ taka ki bhikSuNI, nirgranthI, zramaNI aura AryikA zabda bhI grantha meM kahIM dikhAI na denA isa bAta kA subUta hai ki grantha strImukti virodhI granthakAra kI kRti hai| isake viparIta bhASya strImukti samarthaka lekhanI se udbhUta huA hai| yaha sUtrakAra aura bhASyakAra ke sampradAya bheda kA anyatama pramANa hai| 1.. tattvArthAdhigamabhAvya, 7/24 Page #292 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ tasvArthasUna-nika / 236 zrI digambara jaina mandira satanA evaM anya saMsthAe~ : vikAsa ke krama meM Aja se lagabhaga DeDha sau varSa pUrva vartamAna satanA nagara ke sthAna para harA-bharA vana pradeza thA / aMgreja zAsakoM ne sampUrNa bhArata para apanA zAsana jamAne kI yojanA kI pUrti ke liye yaha Avazyaka samajhA ki sAre deza ko relamArga se jor3A jAve tAki phauja kA AvAgamana saralatApUrvaka ho sake / isI uddezya se ilAhAbAda aura jabalapura ko jor3ane ke liye rela kI paTarI bichAI gii| san 1863 meM rela lAina ke sAtha-sAtha choTI dukAnoM kI eka choTI-sI bastI basanI prArambha huI / zanaiH zanaiH inhIM se satanA nagara kA vistAra huaa| jaina vaNik vyApAra kuzala hote hI haiM, so AsapAsa ke nagaroM, kasboM aura dehAtoM se aneka kazala vaNika bastI ke nirmANa ke sAtha hI satanA meM Akara basane lge| bandelakhaNDa ke vibhinna sthAnoM se Aye ina jaina dharmAvalambiyoM kI AsthA kA kendra jinAlaya na ho, aisA ho nahIM sakatA thaa| una bandhuoM ne eka choTe se jinAlaya kI nIMva rakhI san 1880 meM jinAlaya sahita mUlanAyaka tIrthaMkara zrI neminAtha svAmI kI pratimA kI pratiSThA sapanna huii| jaina mandira ke nirmANa ke pUrva satanA meM eka-do vaiSNava mandiroM kI sthApanA kI jAnakArI prApta hotI hai, para iname se koI bhI mandira zikharabaddha mandira ke rUpa meM nahIM thaa| isa taraha se zrI digambara jaina mandira satanA kA itihAsa vAstava me satanA ke nirmANa, vikAsa aura pragati kA itihAsa hai| samaya ke sAtha-sAtha mandira jI aura vediyoM ke AkAra-prakAra meM bhI parivartana hotA AyA hai| lagabhaga eka mITara U~ce cabUtare ke Upara majabUta dIvAroM evaM stambhoM ke AdhAra para mandira kA nirmANa kiyA gayA thaa| cAroM dizAoM meM pA~ca daravAje the jo aba bhI kucha parivartanoM ke sAtha maujUda haiN| pUrva dizA kI ora se 3-4 sIDhiyA~ caDhane ke bAda barAmadA hai, usake donoM ora kamare haiN| daravAje se praveza karane para choTA barAmadA, phira oNgana aura usake tInoM ora barAmade the| A~gana ke donoM chora uttara aura pUrva meM Upara jAne ke liye sIr3hiyoM thiiN| cAroM barAmadoM para Upara chajje evaM kamare bane haye the| yahA~ pahale digambara jaina pAThazAlA lagatI thI, jo sthAna parivartita hokara semariyA caurAhe meM sthita vidyAlaya bhavana (pUrva meM mAtA trizalA prasUtikA gRha) meM calI gaI hai / A~gana aura tInoM tarapha ke barAmadoM va sIr3hiyoM ko alaga kara vartamAna meM eka sundara vizAla kakSa ke nirmANa kA kArya drutagati se cala rahA hai| yahA~ tIna navIna vediyoM kI sthApanA kara tIrthakara pArzvanAtha kI sahasraphaNI mUrtiyoM kI sthApanA hone jA rahI hai| atyanta bhavya, AkarSaka aura manojJa ina jinabimboM kI sthApanA ke uparAnta isa jinAlaya kI bhavyatA meM cAra-cA~da laga jaayeNge| A~gana va pazcimI barAmade ko pAra karake barAmade ke uttarI-pazcimI dizA meM sthita dvAra se hama andara praviSTa hote haiM / lagabhaga 30-35 phuTa lambe kakSa meM hameM uttaramukhI prathama vedI ke darzana hote haiM / vedI kI pahalI kaTanI kA cabUtarA paMcakoNIya va lagabhaga savA mITara U~cAI kA banA huA hai| isa para itanA hI sthAna Upara choDakara vedI kA nirmANa kiyA gayA hai| vedikA ke Upara tIna sundara zikhara donoM ora evaM do kalazAkRti sunahare kalazo sahita haiN| vedI kI parikramA hetu do choTe-choTe dvAra haiN| tIsarI kaTanI ke madhya meM zveta pASANa se nirmita lagabhaga 3 phuTa avagAhanA vAlI atyanta manojJa Page #293 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ mUlanAyakAlako 1008 neminAtha bhagavAna kI atizayakArI pacAsana pratimA virAjamAna hai pratimA ke pAvamUlA meM prasidhApaka hajArIlAla javAharalAla jI ke nAma sahita pratiSThA saMvat mAya sucI 5 20 1937 utkIrNa hai| isa devI meM virAjamAna jinabimboM meM sphaTika lagi se nirmita do jinabimba saMbhavata: candrakAnta zilA se prApta pASANa se nirmita haiN| ina donoM jinabimboM kA vajana usake vigraha ke anupAta meM bahuta kama (phUla jaisA) hai| zrI neminAtha bhagavAn kI vedI meM 50 varSa pUrva rAtri meM vAdyoM kI sumadhura dhvani sunAI par3atI thii| dUsarI vedI ke garbhagRha kA pravezadvAra bhI pahalI kI bhAMti hai| donoM vediyoM meM antara yaha hai ki yaha bedI do phuTa UMcAI vAle cabUtare para rakhI gaI hai| cabUtare para sAmane eka se savA mITara sthAna pUjana ke liye pahalI vedI kI bhA~ti hI chUTA huA hai| yaha bedI saMgamaramara kI banI huI hai aura pahalI vedI se choTI hai| cAra stambhoM para tIna kaTanI haiM, donoM stambhoM para deva caivara DhArate hue bane haiN| vedikA zikhara evaM kalazoM se suzobhita hai| bAjU meM donoM ora jAlIdAra nakkAzI hai| isa vedI para vedI nAyaka 1008 zrI ajitanAtha bhagavAn kI lagabhaga Der3ha phITa avagAhanA kI padmAsana mudrA meM virAjamAna aSTadhAtu kI pratimA hai| yaha vedI si. dharmadAsa premacanda jI kI kahI jAtI hai| aisA lagatA hai ki yaha vedI banI banAI maiMgavAkara sthApita karAI gaI hai| dvAra se hokara hama bhItara baDe haoNla meM praveza karate haiM, jisameM bAI ora eka choTA kamarA hai| tIsarI vedI isI kamare meM hai| tIsarI vedI kI banAvaTa dUsarI vedI se bhinna hai| saMgamaramara se banI yaha vedI zikharoM evaM kalazoM se susajjita hai| vedI lagabhaga tIna phuTa U~ce cabUtare para sthita hai / yaha vedI zrI jagamohanalAla lakhapatarAya jI kI kahI jAtI hai| garbhagRha meM do dvAra haiM, eka sAmane uttara dizA meM aura dasarA pArzva meM pazcima dizA meN| isa vaidikA meM gedInAyaka ke rUpa meM zrI 1008 candraprabha bhagavAn kI zveta saMgamaramara kI pratimA virAjamAna hai, jisa para pratiSThA saM0 1951 aMkita hai| isa vedI ke bAda pUrva eva vartamAna sthiti meM antara prArambha ho jAtA hai| pahale tIsarI vedI ke sAmane barAmadA thA jo cAroM ora sundara stambhoM para AdhArita thA, bIca meM lagabhaga DeDha phuTa gaharA Agana thA / yahA~ dIpAvalI ke avasara para jalamandira banavAkara pAvApurI jI kI racanA kI jAtI thii| dAhine barAmade meM kinAre para cauthI vedI thii| jo pahalI vedI kI hI bhaoNti thii| isa vedI meM tIna bAra parivartana hue hai / kahA jAtA hai ki pahale isameM vedInAyaka ke rUpa meM zrI candraprabhu bhagavAn kI pratimA virAjamAna thI, jo aba tIsarI vedI me anya jinabimboM ke sAtha virAjamAna hai| mandira sthApanA ke lagabhaga 56 varSa bAda vyauhArI ke pAsa maU grAma se zAntinAtha bhagavAn kI pratimA rIvA nareza mahArAjA gulAbasiMha ke Adeza se prApta huI / pratimA meM spaSTa cihna kA abhAva hone se nirNaya karanA kaThina thA ki pratimA kina tIrthaMkara kI hai / tatkAlIna samAja bandhuoM ne isa pratimA ko zAntinAtha ke rUpa meM praNAma kiyaa| isake bAda jisa vedI kA nirmANa huA usameM bIcoM-bIca zrI zAntinAtha prabhu kI pratimA sthApita huii| mUrti ke donoM ora do sundara Ale the, jinameM se eka meM candraprabha bhagavAna kA jinabimba aura dUsare meM do dhAtu pratimAeM virAjamAna thiiN| vedI ke garbhagRha ke donoM mora pUrvAbhimukha aura uttarAbhimukha jAlIdAra daravAje the| satanA mandira meM yaha ekamAtra vedikA hai jo pUrvAbhimukha hai| zrI sevakacandra jI ne vedI kA pharza evaM sAja-sajjAkarAkara eka Tebila isa vedI ke liye bheMTa kI thii| Tebila para pItala kI caddara maDhI huI hai, jisameM vedI kI pratiSThA tithi magasira sudI ! saM0 1993 kI sUcanA prApta hotI Page #294 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ tasvArthasUna-nikaSa 1238 bhagavAn zAntimAya kI isa pratimA para sudhAra kArya (ghisAI) huii| lagabhaga do varSa taka pratimA jI apratiSThita rhii| isakA pratikUla prabhAva bhI samAja para spaSTa dRSTigocara hone lagA / ata: pratimA jI ko puna: saMskArita kara unake liye prAcInakalA se milatI julatI vedI kA nirmANa karAyA gyaa| mahilA varga ke sahayoga se kunthunAtha evaM aranAtha jI kI dezI lAla pASANa kI pratimAe~ maeNgavAkara donoM pArzva meM sthApita kI gaI, jinake kAraNa zAntinAtha jI kI prAcInatA saMrakSita huI / inakI pratiSThA hetu pharavarI 1998 meM paMcakalyANaka evaM gajaratha samAroha kA Ayojana kiyA gyaa| yaha Ayojana parama pUjya AcArya vidyAsAgara jI ke ziSya parama pUjya munirAja zrI samatAsAgara jI, zrI pramANasAgara jI evaM ailaka zrI nizcayasAgara jI ke pAvana sAnnidhya meM saMpanna haa| vartamAna meM isa vedikA kA krama paoNcavAM hai| mandira kA pazcimI praveza dvAra bahuta sundara evaM majabUta thA / dvAra ke donoM ora naubatakhAne bahuta sundara bane huye the / ina para bahuta khUbasarata TAilsa ke sundara raMgoM meM sajIva se do mora bane haye the| ina naubatakhAnoM se viziSTa avasara para zahanAI yA anya vAdya yantra bajAye jAte the| kAlakrama calatA rahA aura satanA meM sImeMTa phaikTrI tathA anya udyogoM kI sthApanA ke sAtha janasakhyA tejI se bar3hI / vyApAra yA naukarI ke liye aneka jaina parivAra satanA Ate gaye / mandira jI kA prAMgaNa choTA paDane lagA, ata: vistAra kA kArya prArambha huA / Agana, barAmade evaM choTe kamare sabako milAkara nIce kA bar3A haoNla nirmita kiyA gayA / tIsarI vedI ko bhI sthAnAntarita karane kI yojanA thI, para virodha ke kAraNa kriyAnvita na ho skii| san 1973 meM bhagavAn bAhubalI kI pratimA ma~gavAI gaI thI jo halkI -sI khAmI hone ke kAraNa do varSa taka apratiSThita khaDI rahI / kAlAntara meM bAhubalI jI kI dUsarI pratimA 1975 meM aaii| isI samaya munnIlAla hukumacanda jI (pIpala vAlA) ne pazcimI dvAra ke sAmane mAnastambha kA nirmANa kraayaa| disambara 1975 meM satanA jaina samAja dvArA pacakalyANaka pratiSThA eva gajaratha mahotsava kA Ayojana kiyA gayA / isa varSa parama pUjya munirAja zrI 108 Aryanandi jI mahArAja kA satanA meM cAturmAma huA thaa| unakI preraNA aura mArgadarzana meM yaha Ayojana bahuta prabhAvanApUrNa DhaMga se sampanna huaa| bAhubalI jI sahita mAnastambha meM virAjamAna bhagavAn AdinAtha, bhagavAn candraprabhu, bhagavAn zAntinAtha tathA bhagavAna mahAvIra ke jinabimboM kI bhI pratiSThAe~ huii| bAhubalI jI kI pratimA haoNla meM dakSiNI dvAra ke samIpa vedikA banAkara (vedikA kramAMka 4 meM) sthApita kI gaI hai| vartamAna meM prAya: sabhI bar3e kAryakrama tathA sAmUhika pUjana-vidhAna isI vedikA ke sammukha sampanna hote haiN| seTha natthUlAla jI kI dharmapatnI zrImatI geMdAbAI (rAvarAnI phuA) ke vizeSa Agraha eva dAna se haoNla ke Upara chaThavIM vedI kA nirmANa huA, jisameM vedInAyaka ke rUpa meM zrI candraprabhu bhagavAn virAjamAna haiN| 6 maI 81 ko isa vedI kI pratiSThA huii| ___ mandira jI ke pazcimI dvAra se bAhara maidAna meM azoka kA ghanA per3a cAroM ora cabUtare sahita thaa| uttaradizA meM seTha diganalAla jI kI do maMjilI dharmazAlA thii| bAhara maidAna kI rUparekhA bdlii| mAnastambha ko gherakara bAuMDrI evaM daravAje banAye gye| seTha diganalAla jI vAlI purAnI dharmazAlA tor3akara maidAna meM eka vizAla sabhAgAra kA nirmANa huaa| nAma rakhA gayA 'zrI dayAcandra sarasvatI bhavana' / san 1980 meM nirmita isa sabhAkakSa meM lagabhaga eka hajAra zrotAoM ke baiThane kI vyavasthA hai| haoNla aisA banA hai ki AvAja gUMjatI nhiiN| pRthvItala para hone ke kAraNa aura bAhirI maidAna se isakA pharza mAtra 7 iMca U~cA hone ke kAraNa zrotAoM kI saMkhyA adhika hone para bAhara maidAna meM baiThe zrotA bhI apane Apako sabhAbhavana Page #295 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ meM baiThA hulA hI mahasUsa karate hai| sarasvatI bhavana meM sArvajanika suvidhAeM upalabdha karAkara ise bahuupayogI banA diyA gayA hai| sarasvatI bhavana ke Upara (prathama tala para) suvidhAyukta 9 kamaroM kA aisA nirmANa kiyA gayA hai ki dhAdhu-saMgha-zahAM savidhA se Thahara sake / bIca meM kucha sthAna pravacana yA bhakti Adi ke liye khalA bhI chor3a diyA gayA hai| isa tala kA nAma 'guruchAyA nivAsa hai| isakA nirmANa parama pUjya munirAja zrI 108 pramANasAgara jI mahArAja ke cAturmAsa (2004) ke pUrva pUrNa huA aura cAturmAsa kAla meM bAhara se Ane vAle yAtriyoM ke nivAsa kI yahA~ samucita vyavasthA hotI rhii| sarasvatI bhavana ke sAmane eka choTI sI do majilI bilDiMga kA nirmANa san 85-86 meM kiyA gayA, isameM cAra kamare hai| mandira prAMgaNa ke bAhara ahiMsA cauka para sthita dharmazAlA kA punarnirmANa vartamAna meM cala rahA hai| pIlAla cauka (vartamAna nAma ahiMsA-cauka) sthita jaina samAja kI bhUmi para seTha gajAdharaprasAda natthUlAla nAgauda vAloM ke dravya se isa dharmazAlA kA nirmANa huA thaa| AcArya zrI vidyAsAgara jI mahArAja dvArA nirantara svAdhyAya kI preraNA se samAdhimaraNa kA eka krama sA sidhaI jayakumAra amarapATana vAlo kI mAtuzrI sonAbAI jI kI samAdhi se cala par3A hai| pa. jaganmohanalAla jI ke suyogya suputra zrI siddhArthakumAra jI pratidina subaha samAja ko svAdhyAya karAte hai| unake mArgadarzana meM aba taka kaI samAdhiyoM ho cukI haiM / sighaI jayakumAra jI ke parivAra ne mAtuzrI kI smRti ko cirajIvI karane ke liye samAdhikakSa kA nirmANa karAyA hai| mandira jI kI bAhirI pazcimI dIvAro ke punarnirmANa eva sAntinAtha vedikA ke purAne zikhara ke Upara navIna zikhara ke nirmANa ke uparAnta isa para navIna kalaza kI sthApanA sighaI jayakumAra evaM parivAra dvArA eva dhvajA kI sthApanA vijayakumAra (mahAvIra jvailarsa) dvArA varSa 2000 meM kI gii| jinAlaya ke pUrvI dvAra ke sAmane dulIcanda bhavana hai| isame eka auSadhAlaya saJcAlita hai / auSadhAlaya kI sthApanA varSa 1920 me huI thii| usa samaya yaha auSadhAlaya bhI dAdU seTha ke makAna se sacAlita hotA thaa| bIca me thor3I avadhi ke lie yaha auSadhAlaya banda rhaa| aba isakA nAma zrI vidyAsAgara pAramArthika auSadhAlaya rakha diyA gayA hai / Ayurvedika tathA homyopaithika dono prakAra kI cikitsA suvidhAe~ yahA~ upalabdha hai| zikSA ke pracAra-prasAra ke liye satanA kI digambara jaina samAja dvArA varSa 1920 me hI jaina pAThazAlA prArambha kI gaI thii| satanA kI sarvAdhika prAcIna zikSaNa sasthAo meM se yaha eka hai| zanaiH zanaiH vikAsa ke krama meM prAthamika phira mAdhyamika aura Aja uccatara mAdhyamika vidyAlaya ke rUpa me yaha sasthA janatA kI sevA kara rahI hai| bAbU dulIcanda jI ne zAlA sacAlana hetu apanA bhavana samAja ko dAna meM diyA thaa| vartamAna me yaha vidyAlaya kolagavA me nirmita 'mAtA trizalA prasUtikAgRha' ke bhavana me saMcAlita ho rahA hai| isa vidyAlaya ke pUrva chAtroM meM zrI jagadIzazaraNa varmA, suprIma korTa ke cIpha jasTisa kA pada suzobhita kara cuke haiN| anya ullekhanIya chAtroM me DaoN0 lAlatAprasAda khare (pUrva matrI, ma. pra. zAsana), zrI zivAnanda jI (pUrva vidhAnasabhA adhyakSa, vidhyapradeza), zrI nemicanda jaina (nivartamAna cIpha ijIniyara, ma. pra. vidyuta maDala) ke nAma ullekhanIya haiN| digambara jaina samAja kI anya saMpattiyo me cauka bAjAra meM sthita jaina klaba bhavana hai, isameM prathama tala para dukAneM kirAye para haiM, Upara sabhAgAra hai, jisameM vibhinna saMsthAoM ke kAryakrama sapanna hote hai| sa. si. rAmalAla natthUlAla jaina dvArA mandira jI ko cauka bAjAra meM hI klaba bhavana ke sAmane eka bhavana dAna svarUpa diyA gayA thA, jisame do dukAne haiM, jo kirAye para dI huI haiN| Page #296 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ tasvArthama-nikapa/ 240 vibhinna kSetroM meM mAnava sevA ke sAtha-sAtha pazu agata kI ora dhyAna AkRSTa kiyA parama pUjya AcArya zrI vidyAsAgara jI ne / satanA meM varSa 1998 meM saMpanna paMcakalyANaka mahotsava kI cira smRti ke rUpa meM parama pUjya muni zrI samatAsAgara jI, zrI pramANasAgara jI evaM ailaka zrI nizcayasAgara jI kI preraNA se 'dayodaya pazu sevA kendra' (gauzAlA) kI sthApanA huI / satanA zahara se lagabhaga 5 ki0 mI0 dUra satanA nadI ke kinAre suramya, prAkRtika vAtAvaraNa meM jamIna kharIdakara gauzAlA prArambha huI hai| vartamAna meM lagabhaga 100 gAyeM evaM baila yahA~ saMrakSaNa prApta kara rahe haiN| lagabhaga 350 parivAroM vAlI satanA jaina samAja meM Apasa meM atyanta ghaniSTha prema aura vAtsalya hai / samAja meM tIvra dharmAnurAga aura zrutabhakti kI bhAvanA hai| prAyaH hara dUsare-tIsare dina zrI zAntinAtha vidhAna yA anya vidhAna hote rahate hai| choTe-choTe baccoM meM bhI jinendra pUjana ke prati utsAha dekhane ko milatA hai| prAya: bujurga loga apane putra-pautroM ko sAtha meM lekara pUjA karate dikhAI par3ate haiN| choTe baccoM ke liye saMskAra zivira aura pUjana prazikSaNa zivira huA karate haiN| prAta:kAla meM svAdhyAya kI do kakSAe~ calatI haiN| rAtri meM mahilAoM aura puruSoM dvArA pRthaka-pRthak zAstra sabhA hotI hI yavaka-yuvatiyoM, puruSoM aura mahilAoM ke pRthaka-pRthaka sagaThana haiM, jaina klaba, jaina mahilA klaba, jaina navayuvaka maNDala evaM jaina bAlikA klaba ke mAdhyama se sAmAjika, sAMskatika va dhArmika gatividhiyoM kA kriyAnvayana hotA hai| jaina klaba satanA kI pahala para eka kSetrIya saMgaThana kA nirmANa 17 sitambara 1981 ko kiyA gayA thaa| jaina klaba parisagha' ke Thana se TIkamagar3ha, chatarapura, pannA, satanA, rIvA, sIdhI aura zahaDhola jiloM ke 57 sevAbhAvI saMgaThana juDe the| saMsthApaka adhyakSa ke rUpa meM siM. jayakumAra jaina amarapATana ke sAtha mujhe saMsthApaka mahAmatrI hone kA gaurava prApta huA / mandira jI meM eka sundara va samRddha grantha bhaMDAra hai, jisameM vibhinna viSayoM ke lagabhaga eka hajAra grantha saMgrahIta haiN| hastalikhita, prAcIna grantha bhI aneka haiN| vartamAna meM isa grantha bhaMDAra ko sundara DhaMga se sUcIbaddha kiyA jA rahA hai| rAjendra jaina, sayojaka, mandira vibhAga, (me. gRhazobhA, satanA) Page #297 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ 241/- nikaSa satanA ke zrI zAntinAtha zAntinAtha bhagavAna kI vizAla kAyotsarga Asana vAlI pratimA zrI digambara jaina mandira satanA kI pramukha aura tizayakArI pratimA hai| aisA lagatA hai ki satanA kI samasta jaina samAja kA sampUrNa puNya-puja hI simaTa kara isa nohArI mUrti ke rUpa meM yahA~ sthira ho gayA hai| byauhArI se rIvA kI ora jAne vAle rAjamArga para, byauhArI se lagabhaga 15 kilomITara para maU nAma kA eka choTA grAma hai / yahI grAma prAyaH hajAra varSa pUrva eka samRddha kasbA rahA hogA aura isa kasbe me jaino kI acchI sakhyA rahI mI | zAntinAtha bhagavAn kI yaha mohaka mUrti usI grAma se lagabhaga pesaTha varSa pUrva satanA lAI gaI thii| mUrti kA zilpa khakara yaha anumAna hotA hai ki kalcurI rAjyakAla me gyArahavIM zatAbdI IsvI ke AsapAsa maU kI TekarI se athavA kisI sake sthAna se prApta zilA phalaka para madhyayugIna mUrti-zailI kA eka uttama udAharaNa hai| bhagavAn dhyAnasya khar3e haiN| aura nake parikara me cAmaradhArI indra, puSpAjali liye hue vidyAdhara tathA mUrti ke pratiSThApaka zrAvakagaNa yathAsthAna aMkita kaye gaye hai| caraNa-pIThikA para koI Alekha akita nahIM hone ke kAraNa tathA spaSTa cihna ke abhAva ke kAraNa yaha nirNaya ranA kaThina huA hogA ki mUrti kisa tIrthakara bhagavanta kI hai, ataH satanA me 'zAntinAtha bhagavAn' ke nAma se unakI panA tathA aupacArika pUjA-pratiSThA kI gaI hogii| isa prakAra aba ve nizcita rUpa se 'zAntinAtha' hI hai| unakI jA-ArAdhanA se citta ko zAnti milatI hai aura manuSya kI sArI pratikUlatAeM svayameva samApta ho jAtI haiN| byauhArI kA nivAsI huuN| aba satanA me hI rahatA huuN| maiMne grAma me jAkara vayovRddha jano se jo jAnakArI ekatra hai usake anusAra maU me prAcIna mandira khaNDahara ke rUpa me hI pAye gaye the / yaha mUrti, kaI anya zilpAvazeSoM ke sAtha ma ke ThAkura kI jamIna para TikAI huI rakhI thii| grAmavAsI phala-phUla Adi arpita karake 'bhImadeva' athavA 'bhImrabAbA' nAma se yathAzakti unakI pUjA-arcA karate rahate the aura yaha mAnate the ki bhImAdeva ke kAraNa hI unakA grAma saba kAra kI daivI vipattiyo se surakSita hai| byauhArI meM taba jaino ke do hI parivAra the| eka mere pUrvajo kA, jisame mere pitAmaha kapUracanda jI aura pitA rmadAsa jI va cAcA amaracandra jI the| dUsare parivAra ke pramukha kanchedIlAla jI nAyaka the| ye donoM parivAra apane bhagavAn 'samucita vyavasthA na kara pAne se cintita rahate the| eka dina sabane milakara rIvA aura satanA ke jaina sajjanoM se apanI r3A khii| dono nagaroM meM kucha aise loga the jinakI pahu~ca rIvA ke mahArAja taka thI, ataH mUrti ko grAma se uThAkara lAne upAya prArambha hue, para gA~va ke ThAkura sAhaba kisI bhI prakAra apane bhagavAn ko vahA~ se uThavAne ke liye taiyAra nahIM 1 taba samAja ke logoM ne bAta mahArAja taka pahu~cAI / anta me mahArAja ke Adeza se hI mUrti jaina samAja ke hAtha meM ii| rIvA aura satanA donoM jagaha ke loga bhagavAn ko apane yahA~ le jAnA cAhate the, para mahArAja gulAbasiMha jI ne satanA jAne kI anumati dI aura isa taraha vikrama saM0 1989-90 ke bIca yaha mUrti satanA lAI gaI / Luo una dinoM mUrti lAne vAloM meM pramukha nAma seTha dayAnanda jI (vidhAna seTha), seTha dharmadAsa jI, seTha kanhaiyAlAla jI aura Page #298 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ tasvArthakA-vikA/242 Dhanagana seTha kA nAma Aja bhI grAma ke vRddhoM ko yAda hai| avazya hI samAja ke kucha anya loga bhI rahe hoMge, para unake nAma kisI srota se jJAta nahIM ho ske| merI mAtAjI zrImatI beTIbAI Aya 99 varSa, zrI rAmadulAre kAchI Ayu 90 varSa tathA zrI rAmadayAla guptA Ayu 80 varSa ye tInoM isase adhika kucha batA nahIM pAye / yaha patA calA ki mUrti TekarI ke pAsa se sar3aka taka gAr3I meM aaii| nAle meM gAr3I ruka gaI taba rAtri vizrAma karanA par3A aura subaha pUjana karake hI Age bar3ha pAye / gAr3I meM baila nahIM lagAye gye| manuSyoM ne hI khIMcakara bhagavAn ko gA~va se nikAlA / satanA meM bhI mandira kA pUrvI dvAra usa samaya jaisA thA, usameM se mUrti kA praveza sambhava nahIM thA ata: pichavAr3e pazcima kI ora se dIvAra tor3akara bhagavAna ko sthApita kiyA gayA aura unake pIche puna: dIvAra cina dI gii| jisa sAla mUrti uThakara AI usI sAla, mUrti uThane ke bAda mere baDe bhAI kA janma huaa| unakA janmakAla bahI meM saMvat 1990 likhA hai / ata: isa tithi ko prAmANika mAnA jA sakatA hai| taba se bhagavAn zAntinAtha apane bhaktoM kI kAmanA-pUrti kA varadAna barasAte hue satanA ke mandira meM khar3e haiN| maU se hI eka inase kucha choTI pratimA zAyada bAda meM rovA lAI gii| grAma meM kucha zilpAvazeSa abhI bhI paDe haiM, jinheM ekatra karake grAma paMcAyata ne eka sthAnIya saMgrahAlaya banA diyA hai| pro. subhASa jaina vANijya mahAvidyAlaya, satanA sAgara caraNa paravAre munizrI prAta: 5:30/6:00 baje nIhAracaryA ke liye jaate| jaina yuvakoM kA eka samUha niyamita rUpa se unake sAtha jaataa| para isa samUha meM sabase Age rahate DaoN. bhojavAnI (homyopaithika cikitsika), zrI atula dube (inakamaTeksa salAhakAra) aura zrI ajaya dvivedI (eddvokett)| caryA se lauTakara muni kakSa meM praveza karate to zrI atula dube unake paira dhulAte aura nepakina se pUjya muni zrI ke caraNa pauNchte| pUre varSAvAsa kAla meM eka dina bhI isa krama meM antara nahIM pdd'aa| Page #299 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ zrI neminAtha mahotsava satanA bahuta prAcIna nagara nahIM hai| Aja jisa sthAna ko satanA ke rUpa meM jAnA jAtA hai| saMbhavata: vahA~ pahile jaMgala ho rahA hogaa| relve lAina ke nirmANa ke sAtha-sAtha bastI kA basanA prArambha huaa| san 1872 meM relve sTezana banane ke sAtha hI relagAr3iyoM kA niyamita calanA prArambha humA / bAhara se Akara basane vAle jaina, mAravAr3I, gujarAtI, kacchI Adi logoM ne isa zahara ke vikAsa meM apanA yogadAna diyaa| san 1880 meM zrI digambara jaina mandira kA nirmANa huaa| jinAlaya mUlanAyaka tIrthaMkara zrI 1008 neminAtha svAmI kI bahuta sundara padmAsana pratimA vedI kramAMka eka meM virAjamAna hai| isa pratimA ke pAdamUla meM pratiSThAkAla mAgha sudI 5 vikrama saM0 1937 aMkita hai| uparyukta tathyo ke AdhAra para mere anurodha para zrI digambara jaina samAja satanA kI kAryakAriNI ne nirNaya liyA ki bhagavAn neminAtha ke janma aura tapa kalyANaka kI tithi anusAra 21-08-04 se bhagavAn neminAtha ke mokSakalyANaka ASADha sudI aSTamI san 2005 taka pUre varSa ko jinAlaya sthApanA evaM jinabimba pratiSThApanA ke gauravazAlI 125 varSa ke rUpa meM vividha kAryakramoM ke sAtha Ayojita kiyA jAya / isa mahatvapUrNa Ayojana ke prati logoM meM utsAha aura abhiruci jAgrata ho, isake liye bhagavAn neminAtha ke mokSakalyANaka divasa ASADha sudI aSTamI dinA~ka 26-04-04 ko vizeSa abhiSeka pUjana ke sAtha mahotsava kA jayaghoSa/maMgalAcaraNa mandira jI meM huaa| parama pUjya munirAja zrI 108 pramANasAgara jI mahArAja ke cAturmAsa kA saubhAgya satanA digambara jaina samAja ko prApta huaa| pUjya munizrI ke Agamana ne AbAla-vRddha nara-nAriyoM ko atirikta UrjA pradAna kara dii| dinaoNka 4-07-04 ko pUjya munizrI kA varSAvAsa yoga satanA nagarI me sthApita huA aura isake sAtha hI logoM ke utsAha meM pratidina abhivRddhi hotI gii| bhagavAn neminAtha ke janma eva tapa kalyANaka divasa ko paMca divasIya kAryakrama ke rUpa meM manAne kA sujhAva pUjya muni zrI ne diyA / tadanusAra dinAMka 17-08-04 se 21-08-04 taka pacakalyANakoM kI sAMskRtika jhA~kI ke sAtha-sAtha pratyeka dina bhagavAn neminAtha ke mahAmastakAbhiSeka ke Ayojana kI rUparekhA nizcita huI / dinaoNka 22-08-04 ko bhagavAna pArzvanAtha kA mokSa kalyANaka divasa hone ke kAraNa dinaoNka 17 se 22 agasta taka hone vAle Ayojana ko 'neminAtha mahotsava' kA nAma pUjya munizrI ne diyaa| satanA jaina samAja ke Agraha aura anurodha para AdaraNIya bAla brahmacArI zrI azoka bhaiyA jI ne bhI varSAvAsa yoga meM satanA meM hI rahane kA nizcaya kara liyA thaa| unake nirdezana meM neminAtha mahotsava kI taiyAriyA~ prArambha huI / vibhinna pAtroM kI bhUmikA abhinIta karane ke liye yogya vyaktiyoM ko preraNA pUjya mahArAja zrI ne dekara utsAhita kiyaa| sImita samaya meM hI asImita kArya karA lene kI kSamatA ke dhanI AdaraNIya bhaiyA jI ne jinabimba pratiSThA jaisA vAtAvaraNa utpanna kara diyaa| dinAMka 14-08-04 zanivAra ko zrI neminAtha vedikA meM zrI zAntinAtha vidhAna prArambha huA / dinAMka 15-08-94 ko pUjana ke uparAnta neminAtha vedikA meM virAjamAna anya pratimAoM va yantroM ko sammAnapUrvaka le jAkara zrI zAntinAtha vedikA meM virAjamAna kiyA gyaa| madhyAhna meM zrI neminAtha jinabimba ke tInoM tarapha saMgamaramara kI paTTikAyeM lagAkara abhiSeka kI vyavasthAyeM banAI gii| dinAMka 16-08-04 kI prAta: se jApya prArambha ho gyaa| Page #300 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ satvArthasUtra-nivAya / 244 dinA~ka 17-08-04 meminAtha mahotsava kA prathama divs| prAtaH se hI utsava kA maahaul| sarvaprathama jina vandanA ke . uparAnta samAja ke bandhuoM ne parama pUjya munizrI ko zrIphala bheMTakara caraNoM meM namo'stu kara unakA zubhAzIrvAda prApta . kiyaa| tatpazcAt pratiSThAcArya zrI bra0 azoka bhaiyA jI kA yathAyogya sammAna kara unase isa mahotsava va zrI paMcakalyANaka vidhAna kA AcArya pada svIkAra karane kA Agraha sarva samAja bandhuoM ne kiyA / dhvajArohaNa ke uparAnta neminAtha bhagavAn kA mahAmastakAbhiSeka prArambha huaa| zrI suzIlakumAra jaina ne prathama kalaza karane kA saubhAgya prApta kiyA / isake bAda kramaza: zrI vyasta divAkara, zrI DaoN. rAjakumAra jaina tathA zrI jitendra jaina ne abhiSeka kara apane jIvana ko dhanya kiyA / zAntidvArA kalaza karane kA saubhAgya zrI dhanyakumAra jaina va zrI pradIpakumAra jaina ko prApta huA / zrI minAtha vedikA ke sammukha kaimarA lagAyA gayA thaa| jisase bAhara baiThe sabhI puruSa - mahilAyeM parde para abhiSeka ko dekha sakeM / zAma ko mahAAratI kA Ayojana thA / Aja kI mahAAratI karane kA saubhAgya khajurAho TrAnsaporTa parivAra ko prApta huA thaa| eka saje sajAye hAthI para unake parivArajana baiThe huye the| unake hAtha me eka vizAla AratI thii| baiDa bAjoM ke sAtha samAja bandhuoM kI bhArI bhIr3a ke bIca ye sabhI mandira parikramA karate huye mandira jI ke pUrvI dvAra para phuNce| padAdhikAriyoM dvArA unakI AgavAnI kI gii| tatpazcAt zrI neminAtha vedikA sahita sabhI vediyoM me AratI kara saubhAgyazAlI parivAra zrI sarasvatI bhavana meM virAjamAna asthAyI jinAlaya me phuNcaa| yahA~ para gIta-saMgIta ke sAtha nRtya karate huye sabhI samAja bandhuoM ne zrI jI kI AratI kii| pUjya gurudeva ke samakSa vinayapUrvaka AratI ke uparAnta mahAAratI kA kAryakrama sampanna huA / aba bhIr3a sarasvatI bhavana meM umar3a rahI thii| paMcakalyANaka ke dRzyoM kI macIya prastuti hI sAskRtika kAryakrama ke rUpa meM thI / Aja sudharmAsabhA aura garbhakalyANaka ke pUrva rUpa kI jhAMkI kA pradarzana kiyA gyaa| dinA~ka 18-08-04 prAtaH zrI neminAtha bhagavAn kA mahAmastakAbhiSeka / tatpazcAt zrI pacakalyANaka vidhAna aura pUjana sampanna huii| ThIka 8-30 se pUjya mahArAja zrI ke magala prvcn| zAma ko mahAAratI kA bhavya Ayojana / rAtri meM garbha kalyANaka ke uttara rUpa kI prastuti / rAjA samudravijaya dvArA mahArAnI zivAdevI dvArA dekhe gaye mAgalika svapnoM ke phala kA varNana aura deviyoM dvArA mAtA zivAdevI kI sevA suzrUSA, Aja kI sAskRtika jhA~kiyoM me pramukha thii| dinA~ka 19-08-04 prAtaH pacakalyANaka vidhAna ke avasara para jaise hI pratiSThAcArya jI dvArA janmakalyANaka ke sambandha meM sUcanA dI gii| sarasvatI bhavana kA kaNa-kaNa nRtyAtura ho utthaa| saudharma indra dvArA atIta meM niSpAdita kriyAyeM mAno sajIva ho utthiiN| cU~ki jinabimba pratiSThA to ho nahIM rahI thI, isaliye eka bAlaka ko navajAta zizu ke rUpa me prastuta kara zeSa jhA~kiyA~ prastuta kI gii| rAtri meM pAlanA aura bAlaka nemikumAra kI bAlakrIDAyeM mana-mugdha karane vAlI rahIM / mahAmastakAbhiSeka pUjya muni zrI ke pravacana aura zAma ko mahAAratI kA Ayojana vigata dinoM kI bhA~ti hI sampanna huye / dinA~ka 20-08-04 prAta: aura sAyaMkAlIna kAryakrama pUrvavyavasthA ke anusAra huye| rAtri meM hone vAlI sAMskRtika jhAMkI meM Aja mahArAja samudravijaya ke darabAra meM nemikumAra kI zAdI kI cintA ho rahI thii| udhara jUnAgar3ha ke mahArAja ugrasena bhI apanI beTI ke liye yogya vara kI talAza the| rAjapurohitoM ne khojabIna kara apane-apane svAmiyoM ko yogya Page #301 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ --245/ vara aura vadhU ke bAre meM sUcanAyeM diiN| donoM mahaloM meM khuziyoM ke bAje bajane lage / vivAha kA muhUrta taya hone lagA aura zAhI vivAha kI taiyAriyA~ prArambha ho gii| 1 AVA 1 .! . 'prAtaH kAla hone vAlA mahAmastakAbhiSeka, pUjya muni zrI ke pravacana aura zAma kI maMgala AratI apanI bhavyatA aura garimA ke sAtha sampanna huye the| F # dinA~ka 21-08-04 Aja vaha dina thA, jisakA intajAra loga bar3I besabrI ke sAtha kara rahe the| prAtaH kAla se hI loga paMktibaddha ho rahe the| abhI 4 dinoM taka pratidina 4 kalazoM aura 2 zAntidhArA kalazoM dvArA bhagavAn neminAtha kA mahAmastakAbhiSeka ho rahA thaa| para Aja uparyukta kalazoM dvArA abhiSeka hone ke uparAnta pUrva ArakSita kalazoM dvArA sabhI dhuoM ko abhiSeka karane kI suvidhA pradAna kI gaI thii| 2121 rUpaye, 1111 rUpaye tathA 555 rUpaye zraddhApUrvaka pradAna kara koI bhI jaina bandhu bhagavAn neminAtha kA mahAmastakAbhiSeka kara sakatA thaa| kAryakAriNI dvArA yaha bhI saMkalpa vyakta kiyA gayA thA ki vAMchita rAzi ke abhAva meM eka bhI vyakti isa mahat kArya se vaMcita na rhe| logoM ne ise apanA parama saubhAgya mAnA / madhyAhna meM dvArikA (DaoN0 rAjakumAra ke nivAsasthAna) se bArAta jUnAgar3ha (zrI vidyAsAgara sabhAgAra puSkariNI pArka) ke liye ravAnA huii| lagabhaga eka kilomITara lambe aitihAsika julUsa meM hAthI, ghor3e, bailagAr3I, saje hue ratha aura aneka kAreM thiiN| satanA ke atirikta uceharoM aura jabalapura ke baiNDa apanI AkarSaka dhuneM bikhare rahe the / bArAta nikalane ke pUrva anAyAsa hI AsamAna meghAcchatra ho utthaa| kAle-kAle bAdaloM ne jala vRSTi kara satanA zahara kI sar3akoM ko mAno dho diyaa| thor3I hI dera meM mAnoM apanA karttavya pUrA kara vRSTi ruka gaI para bAdaloM kI zItala chA~va banI rhii| zobhAyAtrA prArambha huii| sabase Age cala rahe DholavAdaka dUra-dUra taka bArAta ke Agamana kI sUcanA prasArita karate huye cala rahe the| saje huye cAra azvoM para dharma dhvajA liye ghur3asavAroM ke pIche gajarAja apanI masta cAla se jana-jana AkarSita kara rahA thaa| saudharmendra aura kubera apanI-apanI deviyoM sahita usa para virAjamAna the| inake pIche zrI digambara jaina uccatara mAdhyamika vidyAlaya ke lagabhaga 200 chAtra-chAtrAyeM apane hAthoM meM dhvaja lekara cala rahe the| dUra se dekhane para aisA lagatA mAno eka baDI pacaragI dhvajA hI cala rahI hai| nanhIM-nanhIM chappanakumAriyoM ke pIche susajjita vezabhUSA meM aSTakumArI deviyA~ aura unake pIche baiNDa kI dhuna para thirakatI huI indrANiyoM ne svapnaloka jaisA dRzya jIvanta kara diyaa| eka sajI dhajI bailagAr3I para apane-apane AyudhoM sahita baiThe balarAma - zrIkRSNa jana-jana ke AkarSaNa ke kendra bane huye the| unake pIche mahArAja samudravijaya eka susajjita ratha para baiThakara nagara nivAsiyoM kA abhivAdana svIkAra karate cala rahe the| jabalapura kA prasiddha rAma-zyAma baiNDa inake pIche thaa| jinakI dhunoM para nRtya karane ko Atura navayuvaka maNDala ke sadasya thirakate hue cala rahe the| Akhira nemikumAra kI bArAta jo tthhrii| indra parivAra ke sadasyoM ke pIche rAjasthAnI sAphoM meM susajjita samAjabandhu va satanA zahara ke gaNamAnya nAgarika garva ke sAtha cala rahe the| aba bArI thI nemikumAra kii| eka bhavya aura AkarSaka ratha para baiThe huye nemikumAra kA ratha jaba pAsa AtA to AsamAna phUloM se Dha~ka jAtA / inake pIche-pIche saje huye vAhanoM meM rAjaparivAra ke sadasya cala rahe the| lagabhaga 20 kAroM meM vayovRddha mahilAyeM va choTe bacce bhI bArAta kA eka hissA banakara apanI bhAgIdArI nibhA rahe the| antima vAhana meM miSThAnna kA bhaNDAra rakhA huA thaa| sabhI kA mu~ha mIThA jo karAnA thaa| pUre yAtrApatha meM bArAta kA dila kholakara svAgata kiyA gyaa| mahArAjA ugrasena kA bhUmikA abhinIta karane vAle zrI narendra jaina ne apane parivAra aura pUre muhalle sahita bArAta kA svAgata kiyaa| sarvaprathama unhoMne Page #302 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ tasvArthamA nika/.246 mahArAjA samudravijaya ke sAtha samadhI bheMTa kii| tatpazcAt apane hone vAle dAmAda nemikumAra kI bhAvabhInI abhyarthanA kii| zvetAmbara jaina samAja. kasaudhana vaizya samAja. sarva brAhmaNa kalyANa mahAsaMgha, bhAratIya janatA pArTI aura vyApArika saMghoM ne zrI bArAta kA apane-apane DhaMga se svAgata kiyaa| sacamuca meM yaha Ayojana satanA nagaravAsiyoM ke dila meM eka gaharI chApa chor3a gayA, jisakI yAda hamezA banI rhegii| puSkariNI pArka ke pAsa sthita zrI kailAzacanda jI ke plaoNTa para vATaraprUpha suvidhA yukta eka vizAla asthAyI pANDAla banAyA gayA thA, jisakA nAma zrI vidyAsAgara sabhAgAra rakhA gayA thaa| iMjIniyara zrI ramezacanda jaina ne bar3I sUjhabUjha aura mehanata ke sAtha isakA nirmANa sampanna kraayaa| isI ke andara jUnAgar3ha kI jhA~kI banAI gaI thii| bArAta pAIMcane ko thI. para mArga meM hI bAr3e meM banda pazaoM ke ArtanAda ne nemikamAra kA dhyAna apanI ora AkarSita kara liyaa| ve unake duHkha se kAtara ho uThe aura tatpara ho uThe unakI pIr3A dUra karane ke liye / rAga kI ora uThe kadama virAga kI ora bar3ha gye| ratha se utarakara nemikumAra sirasAvana kI ora jAte huye dRSTigocara huye| unake dvArA parityakta rAjasI vaibhava saMsAra kI asAratA kI kahAnI kahane ko zeSa vahIM par3A huA thaa| sAkSAt gaNadhara ke rUpa meM virAjamAna parama pUjya munirAja zrI 108 pramANasAgara jI mahArAja kA pravacana prArambha huA / apane marmasparzI pravacana meM unhoMne neminAtha ke jIvana AdarzoM kI carcA karate huye bhAratIya saMskRti meM unake yogadAna kI bAta khii| vidyAsAgara sabhAgAra ThasAThasa bharA huA thaa| muni zrI ke pravacana ke uparAnta AyojakoM ke vinayapUrNa Agraha para sabhI upasthita janasamUha ne zrI sarasvatI bhavana meM padhArakara zAma kA bhojana grahaNa kiyaa| zrI prabhAta jaina aura unake sAthiyoM ne bahuta sundara vyavasthA banA rakhI thii| jisakI sabhI ne bhUri-bhUri prazaMsA kii| dinA~ka 22-08-04 bhagavAn pArzvanAtha nirvANa divasa / zrI sarasvatI bhavana me sammedazikhara jI kI anukRti banAkara svarNabhadrakUTa para bhagavAna pArzvanAtha kI pratimA virAjamAna kI gaI thii| nIce pANDukazilA para bhI bhagavAn pArzvanAtha virAjamAna the| Aja ke dina abhiSeka se prApta sampUrNa dhanarAzi zrI sammedAcala vikAsa samiti, madhavana ko bhejane kI ghoSaNA kI gii| siM. jayakumAra jaina, amarapATana vAle saMyojaka - neminAtha mahotsava me. anurAga TreDarsa, gA~dhI cauka, satanA Page #303 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ sarvodaya vidvat saMgoSThI parama pUjya munirAja zrI 108 pramANasAgara jI mahArAja ke satanA varSAvAsa yoga kI sarvottama phalazruti hai 'sarvodaya vidvat saMgoSThI' pUjya mahArAja zrI ke sAnnidhya meM yaha saMgoSThI dinAMka 4, 5 evaM 6 sitambara 04 ko 8 satroM meM saMpanna huii| jisameM udghATana satra se lekara nirantara sAtaveM satra taka deza ke vibhinna sthAnoM se padhAre 22 vidvAnoM dvArA apane zodha AlekhoM kA niSkarSa rUpa meM vAcana kiyA gyaa| AcArya umAsvAmI evaM tattvArthasUtra para kendrita isa saMgoSThI ke pratyeka satra meM jaina evaM jainetara prabuddha zrotAoM kI acchI upasthiti prApta hotI rhii| antima satra samApana satra thaa| isa satra meM jaina vAGmaya ke bhaNDAra ko apanI racanAoM dvArA zrImaNDita karane vAle sarasvatI ke barada putroM kA hArdika sammAna satanA jaina samAja dvArA dina kholakara kiyA gayA / rAtrikAlIna satroM ko chor3akara pratyeka satra meM parama pUjya muni zrI pramANasAgara jI kA pAvana sAnnidhya vidvAnoM aura zrotAoM ke mana meM harSa kA saMcAra karatA rahA aura unakI samIkSAtmaka TippaNiyoM ne saMgoSThI ko AdhyAtmika U~cAIyA~ pradAna kii| udghATana satra sahita tIna saMgoSThiyoM zrI vidyAsAgara sabhAgAra, puSkariNI pArka meM tathA samApana satra sahita pA~ca saMgoSThiyA~ jaina mandira parisara sthita zrI sarasvatI bhavana meM sampanna huii| tridivasIya saMgoSThI ke AThoM satroM kA kula samaya 25 ghaNTe rahA / jisameM 19 ghaNTe 30 miniTa kA samaya Alekha tathA samIkSAoM ke vAcana meM aura 5 ghaNTe 30 miniTa kA samaya udghATana va samApana kI aucArikatAoM meM vyatIta huaa| ' prastuta hai sarvodaya vidvat saMgoSThI kI eka saMkSipta jhalaka - dinAMka 04-09-04 zanivAra, sthAna zrI vidhasAgara sabhAgAra, puSkariNI pArka, satanA samaya - prAta: 8: 00 se 10: 00 baje taka puSkariNI pArka ke samIpa asthAyI rUpa se nirmita zrI vidyAsAgara sabhAgAra meM prAta: se hI halacala prArambha ho gaI thii| zahanAI kI madhura dhvani ke bIca sunizcita samaya para parama pUjya muni zrI 108 pramANasAgara jI mahArAja kA zubhAgamana huaa| eka bhavya julUsa jisameM bAhara se padhAre kucha vidvAnoM sahita samAja bandhu, mAtAeM va bahineM thIM, ke Age-Age pUjya gurudeva the| unake Age baiNDa vAdaka apanI madhura dhvani prasArita karate huya cala rahe the| pANDAla meM pUrva upasthita jana samudAya ne pUjya muni zrI kI AgavAnI kii| pUjya muni zrI ke sAtha brahmacArI zrI azoka bhaiyA sahita anya brahmacArI bhI the| siM. jayakumAra jaina ne mAika saMbhAlA aura pUjya muni zrI ko sAdara namo'stu karate huye kAryakrama prArambha karane kI anumati maaNgii| zrImatI vandanA jaina ke bola 'guruvandanA' ke rUpa meM havA meM guuNje| DaoN0 e. DI. ena. vAjapeyI, kulapati kaptAna avadhezapratApasiMha vizvavidyAlaya, rIvA ne sarvaprathama gurucaraNoM meM zrIphala arpita kara zubhAzIrvAda liyaa| tatpazcAt parama pUjya AcArya zrI 108 vidyAsAgara jI mahArAja ke citra ke samakSa dIpa prajvalita kara saMgoSThI kA zubhArambha kiyaa| dIpa prajvalana meM pro0 rAjakumAra jaina prAcArya vANijya mahAvidyAlaya va pro0 subhASa jaina, prAdhyApaka vANijya mahAvidyAlaya Page #304 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ satanA ne apanA sahayoga pradAna kiyaa| jaina samAja satanA ke adhyakSa zrI kailAzacanda jaina ne smRticihna pradAna kara sampUrNa samAja kI ora se mAnanIya kulapati jI kA sammAna kiyaa| aba bArI thI Agata vidvAnoM kii| eka-eka kara vidvAn pUjya muni zrI ke caraNoM meM zrIphala arpita karate tatpazcAt samAja kI ora se unakA tilaka, kezariyA paTTI, baija aura vizeSa kiTa pradAna kara svAgata kiyA jAtA / sarvaprathama zrI prAcArya narendraprakAza jI phirojAbAda, tatpazcAt zrI paM. mUlacanda jI luhADiyA, madanagaMja-kizanagar3ha, zrI paM. ratanalAla jI bainAr3A, AgarA, zrI DaoN. zreyAMsakumAra jaina, baDauta, zrI paM. zivacaraNalAla jaina, mainapurI, zrI pa. nirmala jaina, satanA, zrI DaoN. kamalezakumAra jaina, vArANasI, zrI prAcArya nihAlacanda jaina, bInA, zrI paM. umezacanda jaina, phirojAbAda, zrI sureza jaina, AI. e. esa. bhopAla, thI DaoN. azokakumAra jaina gvAliyara, zrI mahendrakumAra jaina, bhopAla, zrI anUpacanda jI eDavokeTa, phirojAbAda tathA zrImatI DaoN. nIlama jaina, guDagA~va ne pUjya muni zrI ke zrIcaraNoM meM zrIphala arpita kara unakA zubhAzIrvAda prApta kiyaa| saMgoSThI saMyojaka zrI anUpacanda jI eDavokeTa phirojAbAda ne isa krama meM sacAlana kA dAyitva grahaNa kiyA aura viSaya pravartana ke uparAnta zrImatI DaoN. nIlama jaina ko prathama zodha Alekha prastuta karane kA Agraha kiyA / zrImatI DaoN. nIlama jaina ne samaya sImA dekhate huye apane Alekha ke mahattvapUrNa binduoM para prakAza ddaalaa| Ayojana ke mukhya atithi zrI DaoN. e. DI. ena. vAjapeyI kA sAragarbhita udbodhana bhAratIya saskRti kI vizeSatAoM se paripUrNa thaa| unhoMne pUjya muni zrI ke prati praNAma karate huye kahA ki - 'yaha merA saubhAgya hai ki Apa sabhI ne mujhe santa samAgama kA suavasara pradAna kiyA / rAmAyaNa se paMktiyoM uddhRta karate huye unhoMne kahA ki- bhArata kI pratiSThA yahA~ ke sAdhu-santoM aura unake AcaraNa ke kAraNa hai, TATA, biralA yA ambAnI ke kAraNa nhiiN| vizva me sampatti ke mAmale meM unase kaI gunA bar3e dhanakubera maujUda haiN| parama pUjya munirAja zrI 108 pramANasAgara jI mahArAja ne apane sAragarbhita pravacana meM kahA ki- 'kevala bhautika aura takanIki vikAsa hI jIvana kA paripUrNa vikAsa nahIM hai| inake sAtha-sAtha naitika, cAritrika, bhAvanAtmaka aura AdhyAtmika vikAsa bhI honA caahie| videzI jIvana mUlya tejI se hAvI hote jA rahe hai| ve hameM sirpha larniga aura arniga kI hI zikSA dete haiN| loviMga kI nhiiN| jIvana jIne kI kalA hI mahattvapUrNa hai / jo isa kalA meM niSNAta hai ve sasAra meM rahate huye bhI saMtaraNa karane meM samartha haiN|' kulapati zrI vAjapeyI jI kI AdhyAtmika vicAradhArA kI prazasA karate huye pUjya muni zrI ne kahA - 'yadi vidyA kendroM ke pramukhoM ke vicAra AdhyAtmika bana jAeM to usameM adhyayanarata chAtroM kA na kevala bhaviSya badalegA apitu deza kA nakzA hI badala jaayegaa|' zrI kalapati jI ne rIvA vizvavidyAlaya meM jainadharma ke adhyayana-adhyApana, zodha kArya ko protsAhana dene ke liye eka zodha saMsthAna kI sthApanA kI ghoSaNA kii| jisakA upasthita janasamudAya ne harSadhvani ke sAtha svAgata kiyaa| vitIya satra dinAMka 04-09-04 madhyAha 1:30 se 3:00 bI sarasvatI bhavana satanA suprasiddha vidvAn prAcArya zrI narendraprakAza jaina kI adhyakSatA meM dvitIya satra kA zubhArambha madhyAhna 1:30 se zrI Page #305 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ 249 / tatvArthasUtra- nikaSa sarasvatI bhavana meM huaa| kAzI hindU vizvavidyAlaya meM vibhAgAdhyakSa zrI DaoN0 kamalezakumAra jaina isa satra ke saMyojana kA bhAra saMbhAla rahe the| isa saMgoSThI meM zrI paM0 nirmala jaina satanA, zrI prAcArya nihAlacanda jaina bInA, zrI umezacandra jaina, tathA zrI sureza jaina AI. e. esa. te apane-apane zodha AlekhoM kA vAcana kiyaa| upasthita vidvAnoM dvArA kI gaI jijJAsAoM kA samAdhAna vidvAn lekhakoM dvArA hone ke uparAnta satra adhyakSa zrI paM0 narendraprakAza jI ne apanI niSpatti dI / tatpazcAt parama pUjya munirAja zrI 108 pramANasAgara jI mahArAja ne vidvAna vaktAoM ke zodha AlekhoM kI samIkSA karate huye bahumUlya sujhAva diye| tRtIya satra dinAMka 04-09-04 rAtri 7 : 30 se 9:30 zrI sarasvatI bhavana satanA zrI paM0 ratanalAla jI bainAr3A AgarA kI adhyakSatA aura zrI prAcArya nihAlacanda jI jaina ke saMcAlana meM tRtIya satra kA zubhArambha rAtri 7 : 30 para zrI DaoN0 kamalezakumAra jaina, vArANasI ke Alekha paThana se huaa| paM. mUlacanda jI luhAr3iyA ke udbodhana ke uparAnta DaoN0 zreyAnsakumAra jaina ne apane zodhAlekha kA vAcana kiyaa| vidvAnoM kI zaMkAoM kA samAdhAna uparyukta sudhI lekhakoM dvArA diye jAne ke uparAnta satra adhyakSa zrI pa0 ratanalAla jI bainAr3A ne apane vicAra vyakta kiye| caturtha satra dinAMka 05-09-04 ravivAra prAtaH 7 : 30 se 9: 30 zrI sarasvatI bhavana satanA goSThI ke dvitIya divasa kA zubhAraMbha zrI sarasvatI bhavana meM prAtaH 7 : 30 se prArambha caturtha satra se huA / magalAcaraNa va dIpa prajvalana ke uparAnta zrI DaoN0 bhAgacanda jaina 'bhAskara' kI adhyakSatA aura DaoN0 zreyAnsakumAra jaina ke saMcAlana meM isa satra meM DaoN0 phUlacanda 'premI' zrI anUpacanda jaina eDavokeTa, zrI DaoN0 azokakumAra jaina, paM0 zivacaraNalAla jaina ne apane AlekhoM ke mahattvapUrNa binduoM ko prastuta kiyA, jina para vyApaka carcAe~ huii| zrI DaoN0 bhAgacanda jaina 'bhAskara' ke adhyakSIya udbodhana ke uparAnta pUjya muni zrI ne satra kramAMka 3 va vartamAna satra meM paThita zodha AlekhoM kI samIkSA karate huye upayogI sujhAva diye / paMca satra dinAMka 05-09-04 madhyAhna 1:30 se 5 : 00 zrI vidyAsAgara sabhAgAra, satanA zrImatI saralA caudharI dvArA manamohaka maMgalAcaraNa kI prastuti ke sAtha paMcama satra kA zubhAraMbha zrI vidyAsAgara sabhAgAra meM madhyAhna 1 : 30 se huaa| satra kI adhyakSatA vayovRddha vidvAna zrI paM0 mUlacanda jI luhADiyA kara rahe the, jabaki saMcAlana kA bhAra zrI bra. rAkeza bhaiyA jI saMbhAla rahe the| jinabhASita patrikA ke sampAdaka DaoN0 ratanacanda jaina, zrI paM0 ratanalAla bainAr3A, zrI nalina ke0 zAstrI dillI tathA zrI prAcArya narendraprakAza jaina ne apane-apane vicAra vyakta kiye| sudhI vidvAnoM dvArA prastuta jijJAsAoM kA samAdhAna vidvAna lekhakoM dvArA hone ke uparAnta satra ke adhyakSa zrI paM0 mUlacanda jI luhAr3iyA ne apane vicAra vyakta kiye aura aba bArI zrI parama pUjya muni zrI 108 pramANasAgara jI mahArAja kii| ravivAra kA dina hone ke kAraNa unake maMgala pravacana sunane ke liye bhIr3a umar3a par3I zrI / pUjya muni zrI ne bhI sarvaprathama janasAmAnya ke liye apane upadeza diye tatpazcAt unhoMne Aja kI saMgoSThI meM vidvAna lekhakoM ke vicAroM kI sAragarbhita samIkSA karate huye Avazyaka sujhAva diye 1 Page #306 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ tatvArthasUna-nika / 250 samavinAMka 05-09-04 rAtri 7:30 se 9: 30 zrI sarasvatI bhavana, satanA zrI DaoN0 kamalezakumAra jaina kI adhyakSatA aura zrI anUpacanda jaina ke saMcAlana meM saMgoSThI ke chaThaveM satra kA zubhArambha rAtri 7 : 30 baje se zrI sarasvatI bhavana meM huaa| kala rAtri kI apekSA Aja zrotAoM kI upasthiti thor3I kama thii| anupasthita zrotA jaina gaNita ke udbhaTa vidvAn zrI pro0 lakSmIcanda jaina ko sunane se vaMcita raha gaye / ovaraheDa projekTara ko sahAyatA se unhoMne loka kI racanA va anya gaNitIya samasyAoM kA bahuta sundara nirAkaraNa kiyaa| unakI samajhAne kI zailI apUrva thii| unake pazcAt zrI mahendrakumAra jaina, zrI DaoN0 surezacandra jaina ne apane-apane AlekhoM ke mahatvapUrNa binduoM para prakAza ddaalaa| zrI DaoN0 kamalezakumAra jaina ke adhyakSIya udbodhana ke uparAnta Aja kA satra samApta huA / saptama satra dinAMka 06-09-04 somavAra prAtaH 7 : 30 se 9: 30 kI vidyAsAgara sabhAgAra satanA maMgalAcaraNa aura dIpa prajvalana ke uparAnta sthAnIya vidvAn zrI paM0 siddhArtha jaina ne apane Alekha kA vAcana kiyaa| unhoMne apane pitA sva0 zrI paM0 jaganmohanalAla jI zAstrI kA bhAvabhInA smaraNa karate huye, jaba masmaraNa sunAe to sabhAgAra sva0 paM. jI kI smRtiyoM meM kho gyaa| zrI DaoN0 bhAgacanda jaina 'bhAskara' aura brahmacArI rAkeza bhaiyA jI ne apane-apane AlekhoM ke mahattvapUrNa aMzoM ko prastuta kiyaa| isa satra kI adhyakSatA zrI DaoN0 ratanacanda jI aura sacAlana zrI anUpacanda jaina eDavokeTa kara rahe the| adhyakSIya niSkarSoM ke uparAnta parama pUjya gurudeva 108 pramANasAgara jI mahArAja ne apane talasparzI pravacana dvArA zrotAoM ko mantramugdha kara diyaa| unhoMne Aja prastuta AlekhoM kI bhI sAra-samIkSA karate huye apane bahumUlya vicAra diye / ahama satra dinA~ka 06-09-04 madhyAhna 1 : 30 se 5 : 00 zrI sarasvatI bhavana satanA dinA~ka 04 se prArambha isa saMgoSThI kA yaha samApana satra thaa| zrI sarasvatI bhavana meM prArambha me zrotAoM kI saMkhyA nagaNya thI, para zanai: zanai:- isameM uttarottara vRddhi hotI gii| zrI prAcArya narendraprakAza ne dIpaprajvalana kara satra kA zubhArambha kiyaa| mukhya atithi ke rUpa meM suprasiddha vidvAn zrI DaoN0 rAmamUrti jI tripAThI ujjaina macAsIna huye| jaina samAja satanA dvArA unakA bhAvabhInA svAgata kiyA gyaa| kAryakrama kA saMcAlana siM. jayakumAra jaina va zrI anUpacanda jaina eDavokeTa dvArA saMyukta rUpa se kiyA gyaa| isa satra meM kisI zodha Alekha kA vAcana nahIM huA / upasthita sabhI vidvAno kA sammAna zrI digambara jaina samAja ke padAdhikAriyoM, sarvodaya vidvat saMgoSThI samiti ke utsAhI kAryakarttAoM va anya jaina bandhuo dvArA kiyA gyaa| pratyeka vidvAn kA svAgata tilaka lagAkara, pIta paTTikA ur3hAkara kiyA gyaa| unheM vidAI ke rUpa meM eka sundara baiga, eka jor3I kaoNTana caddara va pUjya muni zrI kA vizeSa rUpa se nirmita svarNakhacita citra bheMTa meM diyA gyaa| satanA kI suprasiddha miThAI 'khuracana' kA eka paikeTa unheM isa anurodha ke sAtha bheMTa kiyA gayA ki yaha satanA jaina samAja dvArA Apake parivAra ke sadasyoM ke mu~ha mIThA karane ke liye hai| vidAI kI isa bhAvabhInI rasma ke uparAnta prAcArya zrI narendraprakAza jI. ne apane vicAra vyakta kiye| Ayojana ke mukhya atithi zrI DaoN0 rAmamUrti jI tripAThI ne muni zrI pramANasAgara jI ke prati apanI vandanA vyakta karate huye kahA ki 'Apa kalpanA nahIM kara sakate haiM ki muni zrI pramANasAgara jI ke prati kitanI Page #307 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ 251/na-nikapa gaharI zraddhA mere mana meM hai|' unhoMne bhautikavAdI yuga aura dhanasaMgraha ke prati Ama AdamI kI bar3hatI huI lAlasA para ciMtA vyakta karate huye kahA ki 'vighaTana bhare isa daura se hameM ye tapasvI ho ubAra sakate haiM Aja ke isa satra ko vizeSatA satanA jaina samAja dvArA liye gaye nirNaya aura usakI udghoSaNA thI, jisameM jaina samAja ke mantrI zrI pavana jaina ne yaha saMkalpa ghoSita kiyA ki 'sarvodaya vidvat saMgoSThI' ke prathama caraNa ( phirojAbAda) sahita satanA meM sampanna isa dvitIya caraNa meM prApta utkRSTa zodha AlekhoM kA pustakAkAra prakAzana satanA jaina samAja dvArA karAyA jaayegaa| zrI pavana jaina kI isa udghoSaNA kA vyApaka svAgata upasthita janasamudAya dvArA kiyA gayA / parama pUjya munizrI ne apane maMgala pravacana meM satanA jaina samAja ke isa nirNaya kI bhUri-bhUri prazaMsA karate huye apane zubhAzISa pradAna kiye / unhoMne Agata vidvAnoM ke zrama kI sarAhanA karate huye parAmarza diyA ki 'vidvAnoM ko apane jIvana meM cAritra kI pratiSThA karanA bhI Avazyaka hai|' siM0 jayakumAra jaina ne Ayojana samiti kI ora se aura samAja ke adhyakSa zrI kailAzacanda jI ne samAja kI ora se sabhI samAgata vidvAnoM va kartAkartAoM ke prati AbhAra prakaTa kiyaa| isa prakAra se eka aisI goSThI satanA meM sampanna huI, jisakI anugUMja dUra-dUra taka sunAI degii| goSThI meM prApta niSkarSo ko sandarbha grantha ke rUpa meM prastuta kiyA jAyegA, isa goSThI meM brahmacArI rAkeza bhaiyA, zrI azoka bhaiyA sahita anya brahmacArI vidvAnoM ne bhAga lekara cAra cA~da lagA diye / brahmacAriyoM ke liye mandira parisara meM tathA vratI vidvAnoM ke liye kailAzacanda jI ke nivAsa meM Thaharane kI sundara vyavasthA thI / anya vidvAnoM ke Thaharane kI vyavasthA baMjArA hoTala meM kI gaI thii| jahA~ siM. anurAga jaina va zrI varddhamAna jaina unakI sukha-suvidhA kA pUrA-pUrA dhyAna rkhaa| bhojanAlaya kI vyavasthA zrI prabhAta jaina kI jimmedArI para thii| jise unhoMne va unakI TIma ne bakhUbI nibhaayaa| vidvAnoM ko sTezana se lAne va le jAne kI vyavasthA zrI jitendra jaina (jhA~sI), zrI vijaya jaina (jhaoNsI), zrI pavana jaina, zrI prabhAta jaina, zrI avinAza jaina sahita anya bandhuoM ne saMbhAla rakhI thii| sampUrNa vyavasthAoM ke kuzala saMcAlana meM mujhe sthAnIya saMyojaka dvaya siM. jayakumAra jaina va zrI anUpacandra jaina eDavokeTa phirojAbAda kA apratima sahayoga prApta huaa| jisake liye maiM una donoM ke prati hamezA AbhArI rahU~gA / parama pUjya munirAja zrI 108 pramANasAgara jI mahArAja kI preraNA aura unake mArgadarzana meM sampanna yaha 'sarvodaya vidvat saMgoSThI' tattvArthasUtra ke aneka anudghATita tathyoM para se AvaraNa haTAne meM sahAyaka siddha hogii| siddhArtha jaina saMyojaka - sarvodaya vidvat saMgoSThI, (me. sa. siM. prasannakumAra sunIlakumAra jaina) Page #308 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ satanA saMgoSThI meM Agata vidvAnoM kI sUcI bra. azoka jI, indaura bra. rAkeza jI, sAgara bra. jineza jI, paM. mUlacanda luhAr3iyA, pa. ratanalAla bainAr3A, pa. niraJjanalAla bainAr3A, prAcArya narendraprakAza jaina, paM. nirmala jaina, DaoN. ratanacanda jaina, DaoN. zreyAnsakumAra jaina, DaoN. bhAgacanda jaina 'bhAskara', zrI pa. zivacaraNalAla jI, zrI anUpacanda eDavokeTa, DaoN. kamalezakumAra jaina, DaoN. phUlacandra 'premI', pro. lakSmIcanda jaina, tatvArthasUtra- nikaSa / 252 DaoN. nalina ke. zAstrI, prA. nihAlacandra jaina, DaoN. azokakumAra jaina, DaoN. surezacanda jaina, DaoN. nIlama jaina, zrI sureza jaina, AI.e.esa. zrI mahendrakumAra jaina, paM. dhannAlAla jaina, pa. siddhArtha jaina, jabalapura kizanagar3ha AgarA AgarA phirojAbAda satanA bhopAla baDauta nAgapura mainapurI phirojAbAda vArANasI vArANasI jabalapura dillI bInA gvAliyara dillI guDagA~va bhopAla bhopAla kAnapura satanA Page #309 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ zrAvaka saMskAra jIvana kA AdhAra vAstava meM Aja bhautika sAdhanoM kI hor3a TI. tathA vI. evaM pAzcAtya saMskRti ke kuprabhAva se hama 'zrAvakasaMskAroM ko pUrNata: pAlana nahIM kara pA rahe haiN| samaya-samaya para hamAre AcArya evaM guruvara hame apane saMskAroM ke prati sajama karate rahate haiN| kintu hama apane Alasya evaM pramAda ke kAraNa una saMskAroM aura AdarzoM ko khote jA rahe haiM yA yU~ kaheM ki hama usake prati udAsIna hai| hamAre saMskAra jIvita rahe aura hama apanA va apane mAdhyama se anya ke saMskAroM ko jIvita rakha sakeM, isake liye sarvaprathama hameM zrAvaka bananA hogA / arthAt devadarzana, pAnI chAnakara pInA, rAtri bhojana kA tyAga ye tIna bAteM hara usa vyakti meM honA jarUrI hai, jo apane ko saMskArita karanA cAhatA hai tathA zrAvaka bananA cAhatA hai| Aja saMskAroM ke nAma para vyakti pUjA to kara letA hai kintu rAtri bhojana kA tyAga aura pAnI chAnakara pInA muzkila ho jAtA hai| mAna le ina sabako bhI kara le to kyA bhakSya-abhakSya kA viveka kara pAtA hai, kaSAya kI mandatA kara pAtA hai ? nhiiN| saralatA lA pAtA hai ? nhiiN| guNoM kA vikAsa karane, saskAro kI mahattA samajhane aura saskAroM ke mAdhyama se Apake jIvana kA bauddhika va AdhyAtmika vikAsa karane hamAre AcArya vara munivara guruvara, AryikAyeM mAtAyeM nirantara prayAsa karatI rahatI hai aura usakA prabhAva Aja samAja meM dekhA jA sakatA hai| cAturmAsa kA samaya AyA / AcArya zrI 108 vidyAsAgara jI mahArAja ke parama ziSya tapasvI evaM ojasvI vaktA 108 muni zrI pramANasAgara jI mahArAja ke caturmAsa kA maMgalayoga prApta huaa| satanA nagarI dhanya ho gaI ahobhAgya hamArA va satanA digambara jaina samAja kA / varSAyoga kI sthApanA huI aura kAryakramoM kI bauchAra laga gii| muni zrI eka dina bhI bekAra nahIM khonA cAhate the / samAja ke nivedana para zramaNa saMskRti ke anurUpa zrAvaka dharma ke saMskAroM kA punarjAgaraNa karane ke liye 10 dina kA aitihAsika zrAvaka saMskAra zivira kA Ayojana dinAMka 18 sitambara se 27 sitambara taka muni zrI ke parama sAnidhya meM kiyA gyaa| parama saubhAgya merA, ki isa zivira kA saMyojana karane kA avasara mujhe milA / isake pUrva bhI san 2000 meM AryikAratna 105 pUrNamati mAtA jI kA varSAyoga satanA meM huA thA taba bhI saMskAra zivira kA Ayojana huA aura saMyojaka banane kA parama saubhAgya mujhe hI prApta huA thA / saMyojaka banane kA eka lAbha yaha avazya milatA hai ki hama apane guruoM ke bahuta najadIka ho jAte haiM aura unake mAdhyama se hameM jo Atmika dRr3hatA milatI hai usakA maiM yahA~ bayAna nahIM kara sakatA / vaha eka advitIya upalabdhi hai aura jIvana kA TarniMga pvAiMTa hai yA yU kaheM ki sAsArika vyavahAra se adhyAtma kI tarapha kA mor3a hai / jise Apa yadi usa dizA ko mor3e to AtmakalyANa nizcita hai| 'zrAvaka-saMskAra zivira' ke Ayojana kA jaise hI logoM ko patA lagA sabhI utsAhita huye aura yaha ghoSaNA huI ki 10 dina ghara tyAga kara vyApAra Adi se mukta hokara mandira jI meM hI rahanA pdd'egaa| logoM ke mana meM thor3I sugabugAhaTa zurU huii| kyoki vyakti sAMsArika kAryoM ko banda karake ekadama se dharma meM nahIM laganA cAhatA yUM kaheM ki jaldI mana bana nahIM pAtA lekina munivara ke prabhAva se evaM bhaiyA jI ke protsAhana se logoM ke mana badalane lage aura carcA hone lagI kucha bhI ho| 10 dina vyApAra banda kara ghara syAga kara hama zivirArthI jarUra banI patA nahIM aisA maukA phira kaba milatA hai / navayuvakoM ne jo kabhI pUjana Adi nahIM karate the, Page #310 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ tatvArthasUtra-nika / 254 dRr3ha saMkalpa kiyA aura dekhate-dekhate carcA Ane lagI ki maiM bhI zivirArthI banUMgA, maiM bhI zivirArthI bnuuNgaa| jahA~ logoM kA mana kama thA, dekhate-dekhate puruSa-mahilAyeM, bacce-bacciyA~ saba milAkara karIba 200 logoM ne phArma bhare aura 185-190 logoM ne isa zivira meM zivirArthI banakara apane jIvana ko dhanya banAyA / zivirArthiyoM kI caryA dekhate hI banatI thI sapheda dhotI dupaTTA, eka hAtha meM pAnI kA kaina, dUsare hAtha meM baiga va caTAI, baiga meM pUjana kI pustakeM, sAmAyika kI pustaka, chahaDhAlA aura pena, mAlA Adi saamgrii| unheM dekhakara mAno aisA lagatA thA ki koI bahuta bar3e vratI hamAre nagara meM padhAre haiN| jo bAlaka-bAlikAyeM dina meM 10-10 bAra anna kA bhojana karate the ve niyama saMyama se eka bAra yA do bAra aura upavAsa karake rhe| do bAra meM koI dUdha va jala ke alAvA kucha nahIM letA thaa| ina sabhI zivirArthiyoM ne saMyama kI sAdhanA meM bar3e hI manoyoga se nirvAha karake apanI Atmika zakti kA paricaya diyaa| bAhara se bhI karIba 25-30 zivirArthI Aye the / pratyeka zivirArthiyoM kA eka hI lakSya thA sayama se raho, aura apane ko pahacAno / pratyeka zivirArthI subaha 4 baje se rAtri 10 : 30 baje taka sirpha dharma ArAdhanA meM hI lage rahate the| isase bar3I kyA bAta ho sakatI hai ki kisI bhI zivirArthI ne 10 dina apane parijanoM se bAta taka nahIM kii| aisA sabhI ko nirdeza thaa| 17 sitambara 2004 ko sabhI zivirArthI rAtri 8 baje apanA gRhatyAga kara maMdira jI ke prAgaNa sthita sarasvatI bhavana meM A gaye the jahA~ para unake rahane sone Adi kI sArI vyavasthA digambara jaina samAja satanA ne kI thii| sabhI bhAI-bahina dhotI dupaTTA evaM pIle dhotI meM A gaye kyoMki dUsare dina 18 sitambara 2004 se subaha 4 baje se dinacaryA zurU honI thii| subaha 4 baje mu~ha hAtha dhonA, 4: 15 se prArthanA, 4: 30 se nityakriyA, 5: 15 se dhyAna-sAmAyika, pUjyavara muni zrI dvaaraa| 6:15 se abhiSeka pUjana, 8 : 15 se munivara ke sAtha julUsa meM pravacana ke liye vidyAsAgara sabhAgAra jAnA, 8 : 30 se munivara ke mAMgalika pravacana, 9:45 vApisa mandira jI aanaa| 10:00 baje se AhAra caryA, 11:30 baje vizrAma, dopahara 12:30 se sAmAyika, 1 : 30 baje se chahaDhAlA kI kakSA AdaraNIya bra. azoka bhaiyA jI dvArA, dopahara 2: 30 baje se tattvArtha sUtra vyAkhyA muni zrI dvaaraa| zAma 4:30 baje jalapAna, 5:30 baje pratikramaNa, 6 : 30 baje AcArya bhakti, rAtri 7 baje se AratI 8 baje se pravacana dazadharma para AdaraNIya bhaiyA jI dvArA tathA 9 baje se sAMskRtika kAryakrama | 10: 30 baje vizrAma | isa prakAra kI dinacaryA una zivarArthiyoM kI pratidina kI thI aura vaha bar3e hI manobhAva se isa sayama rUpI saMskAroM meM gotA lagAte huye apanA mArgaprazasta kara rahe the| zivira kA pratyeka kAryakrama apane meM advitIya thaa| rAtri meM jaba sabhI zrAvaka munizrI kI vaiyAvRtti karate the vaha dRzya dekhate hI banatA thaa| unake zarIra ko chUte hI vyakti moha, rAga, dveSa rUpa pariNati ko bhUlane lagatA thA aura kahatA thA ki dhanya haiM ye guru aura inakI caryA / eka se vastroM meM sabhI zivirArthI aise lagate the ki yaha saba laukAntika deva kahA~ se A gye| muni zrI kI sabhA meM baiThe sabhI zivirArthI aise lagate the ki mAno bhagavAna kA samozarama AyA hai aura itane gaNadhara unakI vANI ko gUtha rahe haiM / bar3e hI utsAha pUrvaka zivirArthI abhiSeka pUjana karate / zAma kI bhakti aura munizrI kI AratI bhI sabhI zivirArthI bar3e hI manobhAva se karate the| zivira kI sabase bar3I upalabdhi yaha rahI ki sabhI zivirArthI rAtri meM dinabhara meM apane huye kAryoM kI samIkSA aura AlocanA kara prAyazcita lete aura unako munizrI dizA nirdeza dete the| choTI-choTI bAteM jinheM hama dhyAna nahIM dete munizrI una bAtoM ko batAte, samajhAte, unakA jIvana meM kyA abhiprAya hai usase hame jAne Page #311 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ -255 / tArthasUtra-nikava anajAne kyA doSa lagate batAte the| jaise unhoMne batAyA ki Apa bhojana karate samaya TI. vI. dekhate haiN| munizrI ne batAyA ki pA~ca indriyoM kA bhoga bhogate hue bhojana karanA yaha galata hai| zivirArthiyoM ne bhojana karate samaya TI. vI. dekhane kA tyAga kiyaa| aise hI bahuta sAre niyama zivirArthiyoM ne muni zrI se liye / AdaraNIya ba. azoka bhaiyA jI ne sabhI zivirArthiyoM ko bhI parigraha- parimANavrata kA mahattva batAkara pratyeka vastu kI parigraha sImA nirdhArita kara eka saMkalpa patra bhI bhrvaayaa| subaha zuddha bhojana kI vyavasthA meM zrI prasanna jaina (ambara) vAloM kA bar3A hI sahayoga rhaa| kyoMki sabhI zivirArthI antarAya pAlakara bhojana karate the| isakA vizeSa dhyAna unhoMne rakhA aura koziza rahI ki kisI ko antarAya nahIM aaye| hAlAMki yaha caryA muni kI hai lekina abhyAsa rUpa meM zivirArthiyo ne isakA anusaraNa kiyaa| bhAI mahAvIra seThI, pavana salehA aura eka do sAdharmI bandhuoM ne tana-mana-dhana se isa kArya meM pUrNa rUpeNa sahayoga diyaa| paryuSaNa kA vaha antima dina 27 sitambara 04 kSamA yAcanA ke rUpa meM pUrNa huaa| sabhI ne kSamA yAcanA kI lekina 28 sitambara ko kisI zivirArthI kA ghara jAne kA mana nahIM ho rahA thaa| pUjya muni zrI kA Adeza bhI thA ki parijana lene na AyeM to mere sAtha rahanA cintA kI koI bAta nhiiN| kitane dayAlu, kitane upakArI hamAre guru hote haiN| lekina isa mohamAyA rUpI sasAra me koI kisI ko jaldI chor3ane vAlA nhiiN| sabakA sAtha lagA hai aura yaha bhI Dara thA ki ina dasa dinoM meM logoM kA jo parivartana huA hai vaha kahI ghara chor3a na nikala jaayeN| 28 sitambara ko sabhI zivirArthiyoM ke parijana Aye sabhI ne kucha na kucha niyama liyA va apane parijanoM ke sAtha bar3e gAje-bAje ke sAtha apane nija ghara ko chor3akara para ghara ke liye prasthAna kiyA / pAraNA bhI baDe dhUma-dhAma se huii| jina zivirArthiyoM yA samAja ke bandhuoM ne 3 yA 3 se adhika upavAsa kiye the muni zrI ne una sabhI ko AzIrvAda diyA / Aja bhI vaha pala yAda kara mana romAcita ho jAtA hai aura aisA lagatA hai ki maiM bhI munizrI ke sAtha dIkSA dhAraNa kara unake sAtha hI jA rahU~ / itajAra hai usa dina kA jaba maiM bhI muni dazA agIkAra kara vana-vana bhramaNa kara apane jIvana kA kalyANa karU~ / kyoMki eka bAta to mana meM dRDha ho gayI hai ki jitanA ho sake zAstroM kA adhyayana kara tattva nirNaya karU~ va samAdhipUrvaka maraNa karU~ / samAdhipUrvaka maraNa se vyakti 7-8 bhava me apanA kalyANa kara sakatA hai| maiM bhI apanA kalyANa karU~, isa bhAvanA se zrI 1008 nemInAtha bhagavAn ke caraNoM meM bArambAra namana karatA huuN| pramoda jaina mayojaka, zrAvaka saMskAra zivira, (me. arihanta gAramenTsa) Page #312 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ tatvArtha-nika / 256 jaina yuvA sammelana jaba se muni zrI pramANasAgara jI mahArAja kA satanA Agamana huA hai pUrA satanA nagara dharmamaya ho gayA hai| vigata dinoM jaina navayuvaka maNDala ke tattvAvadhAna meM Ayojita yuvA sammelana pUre deza ke liye eka mizAla gyaa| muni zrI kI preraNA se Ayojita isa sammelana meM deza bhara ke hajAroM yuvAoM ne bhAga liyaa| deza bhara kI yuvA zakti ko saMgaThita kara preraNA aura protsAhana se samAja meM gauravazAlI sthAna dilAne ke uddezya se Ayojita yaha mahA sammelana aneka arthoM meM upalabdhipUrNa rhaa| puSparAja kAlonI sthita 'vidyAsAgara sabhAgAra' ke nAma se khyAta alaga se bane vATara prUpha pANDAla meM mukhya sammelana prArambha huaa| bilAsapura se Aye udyogapati zrI vinoda jaina, sAgara ke zrI maheza bilaharA evaM zrI subhASa jaina dillI ne saMyukta rUpa se jaise hI dhvajArohaNa kiyA, TIkamagar3ha ahiMsA grupa ke nirdezaka devendra jaina DI. ke. evaM ruci zrIvAstava ke madhura kaNTha se prastuta maMgalAcaraNa se pUrA vAtAvaraNa maMgalamaya ho gyaa| dIpa prajvalana kAryakrama ke mukhya atithi zrI jIvana dAdA pATila the| munizrI ne apane ojasvI pravacana meM yuvAoM ko sambodhita karate hue kahA ki 'yuvA varga rASTra kI saccI anubhUti hai| samAja kA yathArtha bimba hai| vaha zakti kA pratIka aura UrjA kA puMja hai| usake Upara samAja kA mahAn dAyitva hai| yuvAoM ko sAmAjika kuNThAoM aura kurItiyoM ko khatma kara nava-nirmANa kA bigula bajAnA caahie|' munizrI ne kahA ki 'jaina samAja atyanta prabuddha samAja hai| samAja kA yuvA varga sarvAdhika suzikSita hone ke bAda bhI itanA pIche kyoM hai ? isa para vicAra karane kI AvazyakatA hai| muni zrI ne yuvAoM ko apanI burI AdatoM ko chor3ane kI preraNA dete huye kahA ki sAmAjika krAnti aura nava-nirmANa hamezA balidAna mA~gate haiN| yadi yuvA apanI durbalatAoM aura jIvana kI jar3oM ko kuredane vAlI AdatoM kA utsarga nahIM kara sakatA to usase nava nirmANa kI kyA AzA kI jA sakatI hai|' muni zrI ne satanA meM Ayojita yuvA sammelana ko yuvA cetanA ke jAgaraNa kA eka abhinava pahala batAte hue kahA ki 'isa sammelana ke mAdhyama se yuvA cetanA kI jAgRti kA eka itihAsa banegA / ' muni zrI ne 'yuvAsta' se alaMkRta yuvAoM ko sambodhita karate hue kahA ki 'yuvAoM ko preraNA, prema, protsAhana aura pratiyogitA ke bala para hI Age bar3hAyA jA sakatA hai| tAr3anA aura tarjanA ke bala para nahIM / ' alaMkaraNa samAroha sammelana ke daurAna Ayojita alaMkaraNa sammAna samAroha meM deza ke vibhinna kSetroM se Ae pA~ca yuvAoM ko sammAnita kiyA gayA, jo samAja sevA va nirmANa kI dizA meM nirvivAdita rahate hue kArya kara rahe haiN| sammAnita hone vAloM meM kavi candrasena jaina bhopAla, zaileza jaina AdinAtha jabalapura, kaTanI nagara pulisa adhIkSaka malaya jaina, pArSada paMkaja jaina lalitapura, vidhAyaka nareza divAkara sivnii| inheM samAja kI ora se TIkA 'lagAkara, mukuTa pahanAkara va zAla ur3hAkara sammAnita kiyA gayA isa avasara para navabhArata jabalapura ke prAntIya Page #313 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ (257/tefest former sampAdaka zItala jaina ko bhI smRti cihna pradAna kara sammAnita kiyA gyaa| kavi candrasena me apanI kavitAoM ke mAdhyama se janasamUha ko mantramugdha kara diyaa| zaileza jaina ne munizrI se Agraha kiyA ki ve agalA cAturmAsa jabalapura meM kareM aura vahA~ para bRhad stara para yuvA sammelana Ayojita karAyA jA ske| kAryakrama ke mukhya atithi zrI jIvana dAdA pATila (kAryapAlana yantrI) samAjasevI ne apane udbodhana meM kahA ki - 'yuvA samAja kI nahIM varana rASTra kI zakti ke rUpa meM hote haiN| yadi yuvA apane sAtha-sAtha samAja va deza pragati ke rAste para le jAnA cAhatA hai to use guru aura apanI saMskRti ke prati pUrNarUpeNa niSThAvAn honA par3egA / ' samAja ne dAdA pATila ko tilaka lagAkara va mukuTa pahanAkara sammAnita kiyaa| sammelana meM dUrasaMcAra ke nirdezaka pavana jaina ne kahA - 'yuvA vahI hai jo vartamAna ko badalane kI AkAMkSA rakhatA hai, usakA umra se koI sambandha nahIM hotA hai|' sIkhane kI prakriyA ko yuvA kI paribhASA batAte hue zrI jaina ne kahA ki 'vismaya va utsukatA rahita mAnava yuvA kI zreNI meM nahIM AtA / ' dUrasaMcAra bhopAla ke nirdezaka ema. ke. jaina ne yuvAoM ko samAja kI jar3a batAte hue kahA haiM ki 'vaha jitanA majabUta aura susaMskArita hogA samAja utanA hI Upara utthegaa|' bhopAla se Ae AI. e. esa. zreNI ke adhikArI zrI subhASa jaina ne 'samAja ke nirmANa' meM yuvAoM kI bhUmikA ke bAre sAragarbhita bAte kahIM / zrI jaina yubA use mAnate haiM 'jisakI mAnasikatA jIvana kI antima kSaNa taka jIvita rahatI hai| Apane munizrI se Agraha kiyA ki Apake sAnnidhya meM jahA~ bhI cAturmAsa ho vahA~ eka dina yuvAoM kA sammalena avazya ho / ' isake alAvA zrI hRdayamohana jaina vidizA, zrImatI raMjanA jaina bilAsapura, zrI cakreza jaina phirojAbAda evaM brahmacArI jineza bhaiyA ne apane sAragarbhita vaktavya die| jaina samAja ke koSAdhyakSa saMdIpa jaina ne AgantukoM kA svAgata kiyA / saMcAlana jabalapura se Aye amita paDariyA ne kiyaa| prastAvoM kA vAcana - vibhinna kSetroM se Ae yuvAoM ne prastAva rakhe jise janasamudAya ne munizrI ke sAnnidhya hAtha uThAkara anumodita kiyaa| prathama prastAva - tIrtharAja sammedazikhara jI kI rakSA evaM vikAsa hetu eka saMgaThana kA nirmANa evaM samasta sAmAjika saMgaThanoM ke sadasyoM kA varSa meM kama se kama tIna dina kI upasthiti kA prastAva / dvitIya prastAva - zrI giranAra siddhakSetra para katipaya asAmAjika tattvoM ke balAt AkramaNa / atikramaNa kiye jAne ke viruddha gujarAta sarakAra se doSiyoM ko daNDita karane kI apIla evaM binA kisI bAdhA ke apanI niyamita pUjA arcanA ke adhikAra hetu prastAva / tRtIya prastAva jaina yuvA sammelana evaM yuvA ratna alaMkaraNa kA prati varSa Ayojana kiyA jAye / * caturtha prastAva rASTrIya stara para vyasana mukti abhiyAna ko dRDha niSThA ke sAtha saMcAlita karanA evaM ise apane-apane saMgaThanoM ke pramukha uddezyoM meM samAhita krnaa| * Page #314 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ matvAna-nikala / 258 paMcama prastAva - kuNDalapura meM bar3e bAbA ke mandira nirmANa meM yuvA zakti kA tana-mana-dhana se sahayoga krnaa| baha prastAva - vibhinna sAmAjika saMgaThanoM ko Apasa meM samanvita kara akhila bhAratIya stara para jaina yuvA mahAsaMgha kI racanA krnaa| saptama prastAva - jaina samudAya ko rASTrIya stara para alpasaMkhyaka samudAya ghoSita kiyA jaave| mukhya sammelana ke pahale udghATana satra meM prAta: sadasyoM ke paMjIyana ke bAda muni zrI kI eka pravacana sabhA huI jisameM zrI ajita jaina goTegA~va, DaoN0 indrajIta jaina TIkamagar3ha, zrI dineza jaina khuraI, brahmacArI annU bhaiyA, nitina bhaiyA ne apane vicAra vyakta kie| taduparAnta muni zrI pramANasAgara jI ne apanI ojasvI vANI se sabhI ke dila aura dimAga ko jhakajhora diyaa| preraNA patha saMcalana - Aye hue yuvAoM dvArA preraNA patha saMcalana ke rUpa me pUre nagara kA bhramaNa kiyA gyaa| jisameM TIkamagar3ha ahiMsA divya ghoSa kI mohaka dhunoM ke sAtha azokanagara, mAlathauna, baDanagara, sADhaurA Adi sthAnoM ke divyaghoSa saba taraphdevadundubhi se bajate dikhAI par3ate the| preraNA patha saMcalana ko kAryakrama ke biziSTa atithi zrI hRdayamohana jaina vidizA, zrI subhASa jaina dillI ne harI jhaNDI dikhAkara ravAnA kiyaa| sammelana meM jabalapura, kaTanI, panAgara, goTegAMva, zahapurA, bhiTaunI, azokanagara, TIkamagar3ha, lalitapura, mAlathauna, hajArIbAga, dillI, baDauta, devendranagara, maihara, amarapATana, siMhapura, rIvA, bar3anagara, khuraI, bInA, bhopAla, obedullAgaMja, gairatagaMja, vidizA, damoha, sAgara Adi sthAnoM se padhAre yuvAoM ne hissA liyaa| munizrI ke sAnidhya meM Ayojita isa yuvA sammelana ne itihAsa raca ddaalaa| avanIza jaina sayojaka - jaina yuvA sammelana, (me. AsthA inTaraprAijeja, satanA) Page #315 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ 259/satkArthasUna- nikaSa rAmAyaNa - gItA jJAnavarSA saMta ziromaNi parama pUjya AcArya zrI vidyAsAgara jI mahArAja ke agrima paMkti ke vareNya priya ziSya adhyAtma evaM rASTrIya cetanA ke pravaktA muni zrI 108 pramANasAgara jI mahArAja kA varSAyoga 2004 kI sthApanA jaba se satanA meM huI, dharmaprabhAvanA kI adbhuta lahara evaM dharma-jJAnAmRta kI varSA pravAhamAna hai| isa jaina saMta ke kaMTha meM mAno sarasvatI adhiSThita hai, tabhI to ApakI vAgmitA aura pravacana kalA se abhibhUta hokara bhArata vikAsa pariSad ke kAryakattAoM evaM AyojakoM ne jaina samAja ko hI nahIM, balki janamAnasa ko apane AzIrvAda kA saurabha bikherane ke liye munizrI se prArthanA kI, aura isakI phalazruti eka paMcadivasIya mahotsava 'rAmAyaNa- gItA jJAnavarSA' ke rUpa meM satanA nagarI ko prApta huii| bhArata vikAsa pariSad ke tattvAvadhAna meM eka samiti kA gaThana karake sarvasammati se yaha nirNaya liyA gayA ki aise digambara jaina saMta ke agAdha jJAna kI gaMgA ke Acamana kA lAbha satanA nagara ke jana-jana ko mile| pUjya muni zrI se kAryakrama kI svIkRti lekara samiti ke samanvayaka zrI uttama banarjI, adhyakSa zrI caraNajItasiMha purI, kAryakrama saMyojaka zrI yogeza tAmrakAra evaM saha saMyojaka zrI jItendra jaina (jItU) ne bar3I dUradarzitA, sudRDha pracAratantra evaM pempaleTa, horDiMgsa Adi ke mAdhyama se rAmAyaNa evaM gItA kA AdhyAtmika rahasya udghATita karane kI icchA, saMkalpa se yukta rAmAyaNa gItA jJAna varSA kA kAryakrama saMyojita kiyA, jisane satanA meM eka apUrva itihAsa raca DAlA 28 akTUbara se 1 navambara 2004 taka sI. ema. e. skUla ke vizAla parisara meM 40 hajAra vargaphuTa kSetraphala meM eka bhavya, mahAvIra maMDapa kA nirmANa kiyA gyaa| isa kAryakrama kI adbhuta saphalatA ne purAne sAre kIrtimAna khArija karate huye 20-20 hajAra kI satanA ke umar3ate jana sailAba ne muni zrI ko kAnoM se hI nahIM prANoM se sunaa| maiM to kahanA cAhUMgA ki kalekTara se lekara kahArina taka, garIba se lekara zreSTha dhanapatiyoM, prabuddha zrotAoM, udyogapatiyoM ne muni zrI ke pravacanoM ko sunakara 'na bhUto na bhaviSyati' kI pratikriyA dvArA jo ullAsa aura harSa vyakta kiyA vaha unake ceharoM se jhAMka rahA thA / digambara jaina muni ke liye eka jainetara sarvasamAja kI itanI bhakti, zraddhA aura samarpaNa dekhakara sampUrNa jaina samAja satanA mastaka garva se unnata ho gayA hai| dharma sahiSNutA aura sAmpradAyika sadbhAva kI anokhI misAla aura jJAna jyoti kI mazAla kA yaha mahAyajJa dekhane lAyaka thaa| jo jana-jana kI carcA kA viSaya banA rhaa| kAryakrama ke prathama do divasa rAmAyaNa para eka nayI AdhyAtmika dRSTi se muni pramANasAgara jI ke maMgala pravacana huye| muni zrI ne rAmAyaNa ke pratyeka pAtra ke pratIkAtmaka AdhyAtmika artha dvArA yaha siddha kiyA ki rAmAyaNa hama sabhI ke jIvana kI antarghaTanA hai| rAma ko caubIsa tIrthaMkara kI vyApti se samAhita kara kahA ki prathama tIrthaMkara RSabhadeva kA 'rA' aura antima tIrthaMkara mahAvIra ke 'ma' se 'rAma' sRjita huye haiN| bharata jJAna vairAgya, lakSmaNa Page #316 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ tattvArthasUtra- nikaSa / 260 viveka, zatrughna abera vRti ke pratIka haiN| rAvaNa ahaMkAra aura vibhISaNa dhArmika vizvAsa ke pramANa puruSa haiN| vAnarasenA saMskRti aura rAkSasa senA bhItara ke kusaMskAroM ke pratIka haiN| lakSmaNa ke dharmacakra se ahaMkAra rUpI rAvaNa kA saMhAra honA thA, so huaa| Aja ke sandarbha se rAmAyaNa ko jor3ate hue muni zrI ne kahA- 'jana-jana rAvaNa ghara laMkA itane rAma kahA~ se laauuN|' jabalapura se padhAre rASTrIya kalAkAra paM. rudradatta jI dube evaM unake sahayogiyoM ne maMgalAcaraNa ke rUpa meM AdhyAtmika bhajanoM kI saMgItamaya prastuti dekara kAryakrama ko rasamaya banA diyaa| satanA kI sarva samAja ke sahayoga se bhArata vikAsa pariSada ke kAryakattAoM dvArA vizAla nayanAbhirAma maMca kA zilpa gar3hA gayA jo roja ke pravacana sandarbhoM se badalatA rahatA thaa| hajAroM kI saMkhyA meM puruSa aura mAtRzakti ne AdhyAtmika gaMgA meM lagAtAra pAMca dina DubakiyA~ lgaayii| samAroha ke tIsare divasa yuvA jAgRti railI kA Ayojana huA, isameM nagara kI lagabhaga 50 zikSaNa saMsthAo ke lagabhaga 15-20 hajAra chAtra-chAtrAoM evaM yuvAoM ne muni zrI kA preraka sambodhana evaM pravacana sunaa| muni zrI se vyasana mukti kA saMkalpa liyaa| madhyAhna meM 1:30 baje se nagara ke sAta vibhinna sthAnoM se chAtra-chAtrAoM kI ToliyA~ vyasana mukti se saMdarbhita nAre lagAtI huI nadI kI laharoM kI taraha eka ke bAda eka kAryakrama sthala para AtI gayI aura pUjya muni zrI ke caraNoM meM apane ko samarpita karatI gyiiN| vAstava meM yaha dRzya atyanta preraka aura durlabha thA / isa sabhA ko rIvA vizvavidyAlaya ke kulapati mahodaya zrI DaoN0 e. DI. ena. vAjapeyI jI ne dIpa prajvalita kara udghATita kiyA aura udbodhana meM kahA ki AdhyAtmikatA ke abhAva meM sArI samasyAye suramA banakara khaDI ho jAtI haiN| Aja ke kAryakrama meM utkRSTa vidyAlaya, satanA kI chAtrAoM dvArA rASTrIya gIta evaM maMgalAcaraNa ke rUpa meM merI bhAvanA kI sumadhura prastuti kI gyii| cauthe divasa gItA para AdhyAtmika rasa udreka se plAvita atyanta prabhAvaka pravacana 'huA jise mantramugdha hokara 10 hajAra jainetara evaM hindU samAja ne sunaa| muni zrI pramANasAgara jI ne kahA- 'jIvana ke rUpAntaraNa, AtmA ke unnayana aura adhyAtma ke vikAsa meM jo kahA gayA hai vaha gItA hai| ise kRSNa ne gAyA to gItA banI, mahAvIra mAyA to Agama kahalAyI, buddha ne gAyA to piTaka banI aura nAnaka ne gAyA to gurugrantha sAhaba ke rUpa meM hamAre sAmane AyI / dharmakSetra aura kurukSetra donoM hamAre bhItara haiN| jaba taka bhItara kA arjuna, gItA ko anasunA karatA rahegA, aMtas kA mahAbhArata samApta nahIM hogA / ' mahAbhArata ke pAtroM ko saTIka pratIka dete hue muni zrI ne gItA ke AdhyAtmika navanIta kA prasAda bhaktoM ke antaHkaraNa meM utAra diyaa| kuMtI - buddhi kI tIkSNatA, yudhiSThira-samatA, bhIma-zakti, arjuna-jJAna, nakula - vairAgya aura sahadeva - sAdhanA meM sahAyaka devavRtti ke pratIka haiN| ina pA~coM kA samanvaya hI pANDava haiN| dhRtarASTra hamAre bhItara, kA saMjJAna, gAMdhArI ajAnI AtmA hai jisane AtmavismRti kI paTTI apanI A~khoM para bAMdha lI hai / buddhi kI aparipakva saMtAna hai karNa, kapaTa va chala- pApa buddhi meM rata zakuni aura duSpravRtti ke pratIka haiM duryodhana / Page #317 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ : 261 / saMsthAna-nikava sabhA ke prArambha meM ku* rUpAlI jaina sAgara ke bhajanoM kI saMgItamaya prastuti evaM cinmaya vidyAlaya ke nanheMnanheM bAlaka-bAlikAoM dvArA vedamantroM va gItA ke zlokoM kA sasvara vAcana bar3A hI sammohaka thaa| isa sabhA meM viziSTa mukhya atithi ke rUpa meM Amantrita mAnanIya kalekTara zrI umAkAnta umarAva evaM pulisa adhIkSaka zrI Ara. ke. guptA sAdI vezabhUSA meM sAmAnya zrotAoM ke bIca meM baiThakara muni zrI ke pravacana kA rasapAna karate rhe| bAda meM jaba logoM ko unakI upasthiti kA bhAna huA to maMca para bulAkara unheM sammAnita kiyA gyaa| Amantrita atithi ke rUpa bInA se paM. prAcArya nihAlacanda jaina evaM satanA ke paM. raghunAtha tripAThI evaM DaoN. esa. ke. mAhezvarI bhI maMcAsIna rhe| mahAvIra maNDapa zrotAoM se khacAkhaca bharA huA thaa| kAryakrama ke pA~caveM va antima divasa 'dharmasammelana' kA Ayojana thA, jisameM pUjya muni zrI ke alAvA hare mAdhava sampradAya ke sataguru zrI IzvarazAha aura sanAtana dharma kA pratinidhitva karate huye haridvAra se padhAre svAmI akhilezvarAnandagiri the / sikhadharma ke pratinidhi ke rUpa meM DaoN0 jasaviMdarasiMha jI byAvara se padhAre the| svAmI zrI akhilezvarAnandagiri jI ne muni zrI pramANasAgara jI ko kendrabindu banAkara sAmpradAyika sauhArdra kA aura saMtoM kI sakriya bhUmikA kI AvazyakatA para bala diyaa| muni zrI pramANasAgara jI ne bhagavAna mahAvIra ke anekAnta ko phUloM kA guladastA kahakara apane amRtamayI pravacana meM vartamAna ke aneka sandarbhoM ko liyA - gaumAtA kI sevA aura vyasana mukti ke sAtha dIpAvalI para AtizabAjI na karane kI mArmika apIla kii| isa sabhA kA zubhArambha zrImatI saralA caudharI ke dvArA saMgItamaya guruvandanA evaM samApana guru AratI se huaa| sampUrNa paMca divasIya Ayojana meM sabhA samApti para prasAda vitaraNa niraMkArI maNDala satanA, akhila bhAratavarSIya sarva brAhmaNa samAja, satanA, paMjAbI navayuvaka maNDala, nAnaka darabAra evaM zvetAmbara jaina saMgha TrasTa Adi satanA ke vibhinna dhArmika samudAyoM va saMsthAoM dvArA kiyA gyaa| dharmasabhA ke saMyojaka zrI lakhanalAla kezaravAnI evaM isake sahasaMyojaka zrI siMI jayakumAra jaina ne apane sakriya uttaradAyitva kA nirvahana karate huye sampUrNa samAroha meM cAra cA~da lagA diye| isa prakAra isa sampUrNa Ayojana ne dharma sahiSNutA, mAnavIya saMvedanA, ahiMsA kI prANa pratiSThA aura pArasparika prema - vAtsalya tathA udAratA kI jo advitIya mizAla dI vaha kaI varSoM taka satanA ke prabuddha mAnasa hRdayoM meM aMkita rhegii| paM. nihAlacanda jaina, bInA Page #318 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ lasvArthatana-nikA/ 362 adbhuta nagara gajaratha yAtrA jaba se hoza saMbhAlA hai taba se Aja 77 varSa pUre ho gaye haiM, Aja taka satanA meM itanA bar3A julUsa itane bhavya svarUpa meM nikalate to hamane apane jIvana meM nahIM dekhA / ye udgAra the samAja ke nivartamAna adhyakSa vayovRddha zrI javAharalAlajI ke| cAhe vaha 90 varSIya vRddha ho yA 40 varSIya yuvA, yA 10 varSIya bAlaka 27 navambara 2004 kA dina sabhI ke liye smRti ke sunahare pRTa para aMkita ho jAne vAlA dina thA / na sirpha jaina samAja balki pUre satanA nagara ke loga yaha kaha rahe the ki 'hamane aisI gajaratha yAtrA jIvana meM pahalI bAra dekhii|' ___ parama pUjya 108 AcArya zrI vidyAsAgara jI mahArAja ke parama ziSya taruNAI ke prakharavaktA adhyAtmayogI paramapUjya zrI pramANasAgara jI muni mahArAja kI mahatI anukampA se cAturmAsa ke bAda bonasa ke rUpa meM pUjya muni zrI ne satanA samAja ke nivedana para 'kalpadruma mahAmaNDala vidhAna eva nagara gajaratha yAtrA' ke Ayojana ko apanA AzIrvAda diyaa| phira kyA thA? pUjya gurudeva ke AzIrvAda se samAja meM UrjA kA saMcAra honA svAbhAvika thaa| 17 navambara se 27 navambara taka zrI 1008 kalpadruma mahAmaNDala vidhAna evaM nagara gajaratha yAtrA tathA 28 navambara ko bhavya picchikA parivartana ke Ayojana kI dhamadhAma se taiyAriyoM prArambha ho gii| atyanta manohArI samosaraNa kI racanA, bhavya paNDAla, pUre samAja kI sahabhAgitA aura parama pUjya muni zrI 108 pramANasAgara jI mahArAja kA sAnidhya, mAno aisA lagatA thA ki pUrA nagara dharmasthala hai, aura vidhAna sthala meM sAkSAta saraNa virAjamAna hai| pratidina pUjya gurudeva kI dharmadazanA se na sirpha jaina samAja ke loga balki aneka jainetara bandhuoM ne bhI svayaM ke jIvana ko dhanya bnaayaa| vidhAna kA Ayojana samAja ke pUre utsAha ke sAtha sampanna huA aura aba nikalanA thA bhagavAn jinendra kA ratha / Aja 27 navambara ko prAtaH 12 baje / ratha vo bhI 22 phiTa UMcA. 2 gajarAjoM sahita. Azcarya to taba huA jaba jisa nagara meM dazahare jaise bar3e julUsa meM 14 phiTa U~cAI se jyAdA nikalane vAlI mUrtiyoM yA Traka para pAbandI hai, jisa nagara meM vidyata kI pramukha lAine 16 se 18 phiTa U~cAI para makar3I ke jAle kI taraha phailI ho, vahA~ para 22 phiTa kA yaha ratha ..... / maiM sAkSI hU~ isa bAta kA aura pUrI pramANikatA ke sAtha hamane svayaM ma. pra. vidyuta maMDala ke 4 adhikAriyoM ke sAtha yAtrA mArga kA 22 phiTa ke bAMsa ko lekara avalokana kiyA thaa| lagabhaga 150 jagaha aisI thI jahA~ se vidyuta tAra meM 17-18 phiTa meM avarodha ho rahA thaa| hama loga mArga nirIkSaNa karane ke uparAnta tathA vidyuta vibhAga ke bar3e adhikAriyoM dvArA parI taraha asamarthatA vyakta karane ke uparAnta vicAra-vimarza karane lage ki kyoM na droNagiri se17 phiTa kA ratha maMgA liyA jAye aura aisA vicAra karate-karate pUjya muni zrI ke kakSa meM pahuMce evaM apanI majabUrI vyakta kii| pUjya munizrI ne kahA - kahA~ haiM ema. pI. I. bI. ke adhiikssnnyntrii| unheM hamAre pAsa le aao| adhIkSaNayantrI zrI paTela jI Aye aura 22 phiTa ke ratha ke liye asamarthatA vyakta karane lage, tabhI pUjya muni zrI ne kahA - 'Ayojana samiti ne jo mArga taya kiyA hai, mArga vahI rhegaa| 22 phiTa U~cA jo ratha nirdhArita kiyA hai. ratha vahI niklegaa| kaise nikalegA mApa jaano| Apake mukhyamaMtrI jAne / Apa vyavasthA karoge to ThIka, nahIM bhI to ThIka lekina ratha 22 phiTa kA aura usI nirdhArita mArga se hI nikalegA, yaha taya hai|' Page #319 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ - pUjya muni zrI ke ina zabdoM ne upasthita kAryakartAyoM kI bAhoM meM mAno nayA joza bhara diyA ho, usa kakSa meM upasthita sabhI logoM ne pUjya muni zrI ke jaya kI udghoSa karate huye nAre ke rUpa meM kahA - aba to ratha yahI niklegaa| __27 navambara 2004 kA vaha pAvana dina, subaha se ho rathayAtrA kI taiyAriyoM meM pUrA nagara juTA thA aura 128 30 baje AcArya vidyAsAgara sabhAgAra se prArambha huI adbhuta nagara gajaratha yaatraa| ____ azokanagara, muMgAvalI, TIkamagaDha, pathariyA, mAlathauna se Aye divyaghoSoM meM to aghoSita pratispardhA dekhane ko mila rahI thii| pUrA namra guMjAyamAna ho calA, pRthak-pRthak cala rahe tIna gaja, cAra ghor3e, dula-dula ghor3I, nagara ke baiNDa, zahanAI, aneka jhAMkI, maMgala kalaza liye ke zariyA vastroM meM mahilAeM katArabaddha bAlikAeM, vidyAlaya ke bacce puruSa varga, bagghI meM zrI jinavANI jI, pAlakI meM virAje bhagavAn, vimAna jI kI adabhuta chaTA aura vizAlakAya ratha aura ratha ke Age parama pUjya gurudeva muni zrI pramANasAgara jI mahArAja / adbhuta dRzya thaa| jisane dekhA nihArate hI raha gyaa| yAtrA prArambha hone ke 30 miniTa pahale meghoM ne apanI karavaTa badalI cAroM tarapha dhanaghora varSA kI saMbhAvanA nirmita ho gyii| tabhI varSA kI AzaMkA se bhayabhIta hamane pUjya muni zrI se kahA - aba kyA hogA ? tuma apanA kArya dekho kucha nahIM hogaa| ise camatkAra nahIM kaheMge to kyA kaheMge? yAtrA meM zAmila hajAroM bandha, nara-nArI isa bAta ke sAkSI haiN| yAtrA kA prathama baiNDa sarkiTa hAusa cauka hotA huA rIvA ror3a kI ora bar3ha rahA thA, lekina abhI bhI kucha loga prArambhika velA meM zAmila hone AcArya vidyAsAgara sabhAgAra meM baiThe apane krama kI pratIkSA kara rahe the| lagabhaga 2 ki. mI. se bhI jyAdA lambA julUsa thA yaha / jainetara bandhu puSpavRSTi kara eva miThAiyA~ vitarita karate huye apanI sahabhAgitA nibhA rahe the| nagara kI pUrI sar3akeM puSpamaya ho gaI thiiN| pUjya munizrI ke paga vihAra meM phUloM se paTI sar3aka ke dvArA A rahe vyavadhAna ko dUra karane ke liye kucha kAryakartA nirantara jhADU lagAkara mArga se puSpa kinAre kara rahe the| jisa kisI kA ghara isa yAtrA meM par3A cAle vaha hindUho, musalamAna ho, sikkha ho, IsAI rahA ho yA anya mata kA mAnane vAlA ho, sabhI ne pUjya muni zrI kI AratI kara svayaM ko dhanya mahasUsa kiyaa| ___ isa yAtrA meM nagara ke vidhAyaka, mahApaura, aneka rAjanetAoM sahita, sabhAgIya kamiznara zrI rAva sAhaba bhI zAmila huye| pUrA vivaraNa likhane kA prayAsa kareMge to zAyada eka alaga se pustaka likhI jA sakatI hai| lekina hamane Upara zIrSaka meM adbhuta zabda kA prayoga kiyA hai, vaha zabda sArthaka huA isa yAtrA meM itihAsa sAkSI rahegA ki 27 navambara 2004 ko satanA nagara meM parama pUjya 108 zrI pramANasAgara jI mahArAja ke sAnidhya meM 22 phiTa U~ce ratha ne, jise gajayugala dvArA khIMcA gayA, nirvighna rUpa se niklaa| pUre mArga meM jaise vasundharA aura gaharI ho gaI ho svayameva vidyuta tAra Upara ho gaye ho, binA kisI avarodha ke yAtrA pUrNa kii| ___ isa bhavya camatkArika, alaukika, nagara gajaratha yAtrA meM pUra nagara kA, prazAsana kA, evaM yAtrA meM zAnti svarUpa nara-nAriyoM kA bhI bahuta bar3A yogadAna thA, pUjya muni zrI ke AzISa kA pratApa to thA hI ki utanA bar3A aitihAsika Ayojana hamAre nagara meM nirvighna sampanna huaa| saMdIpa jaina saMyojaka, kalpaduma vidhAna evaM nagara gajaratha yAtrA (me. avantI phArmA, satanA) Page #320 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ tatvArthasUtra-nika / 264 khajurAho : pArzvanAtha mandira kA zilAlekha satanA jinAlaya ke nirmANa kA 125 vA~ varSa manAte samaya khajurAho ke vizvavikhyAta pArzvanAtha mandira ke daravAje para utkIrNa yaha zilAlekha hama sabhI ke karttavya kA kitanA sundara smaraNa karAtA hai| mandira nirmAtAoM kI vinamratA prakaTa karane vAlA yaha lekha sampUrNa vizva meM bejor3a hai - oM saMvata 1011 samaye / nijakuladhavaloyama divyamUrtiH svasIla samadama guNayukta srvstvaanukmpii| svajana janita toSo dhAMgarAjena mAnyaH praNamati jinanAthoyaM bhavyapAhila naamaa| pAhilavATikA 1. candravATikA, 2. laghucandravATikA, 3. saMkaravATikA, 4. paMcAItalavATikA, 5. AmravATikA 6. dhaMgavADI / pAhila vaMse tu kSaye kSINe apara vaMso kopi tiSThati / tasya dAsasya dAsoyam mama datti pAlayet / mahArAja guru zrI vAsavacandra / vaisASa sudi soma dine / hindI anuvAda - oma saMvat 1011 varSa meM / nijakula meM dhavala divyamUrti suzIla samadama Adi guNoM se yukta saba jIvoM para anukampA karane vAle, dhaMgarAjA dvArA mAnyatA prApta pAhila nAma kA bhavya zrAvaka bhagavAna jinendra ko praNAma karatA hai / 1. pAhila vATikA, 2. candravATikA, 3. laghucandravATikA, 4. zakaravATikA, 5. paMcAItalavATikA, 6. AmravATikA, 7. dhaMgavADI (isamandira ko samarpita haiM ) / pAhila vaMza meM jo kSaya aura kSINatA ko prApta hone vAlA hai, dUsare vaMzoM meM bhI kauna sthAyI rahatA hai| mere isa dAna kI jo pAlanA karegA maiM usake dAsoM kA bhI dAsa rhuuNgaa| mahArAja guru zrI vAsavacandra / vaisAkha sudI somavAra / isa lekha meM pAhila zreSThI dvArA mahArAjA dhaMga ke rAjyakAla meM isa jinAlaya kA nirmANa karAye jAne kA ullekha hai| / isa mandira kI pUjA vyavasthA ke liye zrI pAhila dvArA sAta vATikAoM (upavanoM) kA dAna bhI isa mandira ko diye jAne kA isameM ullekha hai / mandira nirmAtA ne atyanta namratApUrvaka yaha bhI likhA hai ki isa nirantara kSIyamANa sasAra me jo koI bhI mere isa dAna kI pAlanA (surakSA) karegA, maiM apane Apako usake dAsa kA bhI dAsa mAnatA hU~ / Page #321 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ satanA jilA : purAtAttvika sandarbha meM candela kalA ke liye vizvavikhyAta mandiroM ke nagara khajurAho se lagabhaga 125 ki0 mI0 dUra satanA jilA deza ke una kucha mahattvapUrNa sthaloM meM se eka hai, jo apane purAtAttvika vaibhava ke kAraNa eka viziSTa sthAna rakhatA hai| zuMgakAla meM nirmita deza ke prAcInatama bauddha stUpa se lekara candela aura kalacurikAlIna kalA ke utkRSTatama purAvazeSa isa kSetra meM upalabdha haiM / isa kile se prApta purAsampadA ne deza ke aneka sagrahAlayoM ko samRddha banAyA hai / kalakattA kA bhAratIya saMgrahAlaya, rAmavana kA tulasI sagrahAlaya, prayAga kA zAsakIya sagrahAlaya sahita rASTrIya saMgrahAlaya paTanA, zAsakIya saMgrahAlaya bhopAla, rAnI durgAvatI sagrahAlaya jabalapura, sara harisiha gaura saMgrahAlaya sAgara, zAsakIya saMgrahAlaya dhubelA Adi meM satanA jilA se prApta mUrtiyoM va anya avazeSoM ko pramukhatA ke sAtha pradarzita kiyA gayA hai| bharahuta, durehA, bhumarA, sIrA pahAr3a, nacanA, kuTharA, jaso, paTanA, bhumakahara, bharajunA, maihara, mar3aI, nAdana, bacharA, pataurA Adi ve sthAna hai, jinhoMne apane purAtAttvika abhidAna se bhArata ke sthApatya, kalA aura pratimA vijJAna ko, samRddha kiyA hai| prastuta lekha meM hama satanA jilA ke pratinidhi jaina purAtAttvika sthaloM kA sakSipta varNana prastuta kara rahe haiM - 1. patiyAna dAI - satanA nagara se lagabhaga 10 ki0 mI0 dUra dakSiNa-pazcima dizA meM eka choTI sI pahAr3I hai| sindUrI raga kI hone ke kAraNa yaha pahAr3I 'sinduriyA pahAr3I' ke nAma se bhI jAnI jAtI hai / pahADI para eka choTI sI mar3hiyA lagabhaga 6-7 phuTa lambI aura itanI hI caur3I 'DubarI kI mar3hiyA' yA patiyAna dAI' ke nAma se yahA~ para hai| isakI U~cAI lagabhaga sADhe sAta phuTa hai| uttaronmukha mar3hiyA ke dvAra ke dono ora gagA-yamunA kI mUrtiyA~ akita haiN| lagabhaga AThavIM zatAbdI meM nirmita isa mandira ke lalATa bimba para tIna tIrthakara padmAsana mudrA me pradarzita haiN| sAdagI se yukta aura ADambara vihIna isa mandira meM bhagavAna neminAtha kI zAsanadevI ambikA virAjamAna thii| ambikA kI yaha pratimA aba prayAga ke saMgrahAlaya meM sthApita hai| lagabhaga sAta phuTa U~cAI vAlI tribhaMga mudrA yuktaM pratimA ke parikara meM 24 tIrthaMkara tathA navagraha sahita 23 anya zAsanadeviyoM kA aMkana huA hai| siMha, priyaMkara tathA zubhakara bhI yathAsthAna aMkita hai 1 24 tIrthaMkara aura unakI 24 zAsana deviyoM ke nAma sahita paTTikA hone ke kAraNa yaha pratimA bahI mahattvapUrNa pratimA hai| itanI samRddha pratimA anyatra durlabha hai| 2. maI - eka aisA sthAna jahA~ jaina, vaiSNava aura zaiva sampradAyoM ke mandira apane pUre vaibhava aura kalAtmaka saundarya ke sAtha sthApita the| satanA se lagabhaga 70 ki0 mI0 dUra yaha sthAna maihara ke pAsa thA / mandira ke avazeSa nahIM rahe para abhI bhI vahA~ kI bhUmi mUrtiyoM, zAsanadevI-devatAoM aura anya purAvazeSoM ko apane garbha se ugala rahI hai| mar3aI se prApta kucha mahattvapUrNa pratimA tunalI saMgrahAlaya rAmavana meM saMrakSita hai| dharaNendra, adyAvatI sahita anya zAsanadevI-devatAoM, sagAsana pIbIsI, dvAra, toraNa, dvArapAsa, vedikA, stambha aura chajyA Adi ke avazeSa prApta huye haiN| Page #322 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ tatvArthA -nikAya/ 266, 3. mAvana - mehara-amarapATana mArga para amarapATana se lagabhaga 7 ki0 mI0 dUra 'nAdana' grAma hai| yahA~ bhI aneka jaina zilpAvazeSa pAye gaye haiN| kheramAI ke nAma se eka sundara tIrthaMkara pratimA grAma devatA ke cabUtare para pUjI jAtI rahI hai| 4.meDA- maihara-amarapATana mArga para hI bheDA grAma ke tAlAba ke kinAre eka jIrNa-zIrNa avasthA meM sthita mandira kI lalATa padrikA para tIrthakara pratimA kA aMkana hai, jo isa mandira kA jaina mandira ghoSita karane ke liye paryApta hai / grAma meM kucha anya zilpAvazeSa bhI prApta huye haiN| 5. mamarapATana - grAma se lagabhaga 2 ki0 mI0 dUra maihara ror3a para eka tAlAba ke kinAre, sundara padmAsana tIrthaMkara kI pratimA TikI huI thii| susaumya AkRti kI yaha pratimA varSoM tAlAba meM Ane vAle logoM kI zraddhA kA kendra rhii| mUrticoroM ne eka dina isa pratimA ko sadA-sadA ke liye vilupta kara diyaa| 6. barA - amarapATana-rIvA ror3a para grAma ke tAlAba kI dIvAra para aneka prAcIna pratimAe~ jaDI huI hai| eka kAyotsarga Asana sahita tIna-cAra padmAsana pratimAoM ke darzana yahA~ hote haiN| 1.bharajunA- mar3aI kI taraha samRddha rahe isa grAma me dharaNendra padmAvatI, cakrezvarI, ambikA, dvAra, toraNa Adi ke avazeSa prApta huye the| mUrti taskaroM ne sabako lupta kara diyA / yaha grAma satanA sAiDiga ke pAsa hai aura zodhakartAoM ke liye abhI bhI AkarSaNa kA kendra hai| hai. jaso - yaha grAma satanA se 42 ki0 mI0 dUra nAgauda tahasIla meM sthita hai| yahA~ grAma devatA ke rUpa meM AdinAtha kI pUjA hotI hai| yahA~ ke zilpoM meM bharata, bAhubalI tathA nemi-rAjula vivAha ullekhanIya hai / lagabhaga dazavIM zatAbdI meM yaha sthAna vizAla jaina mandiroM ke liye prasiddha sthAna thA / yahA~ se prApta purAvazeSa prayAga aura rAmavana ke saMgrahAlayoM meM saMgrahIta haiN| jile kI sImAmoM se saTe prAcIna jaina purAtAtvika sthala 1.sIsa pahADa- satanA jile kI dakSiNa-pazcimI sImA para jaso ke Age gaMja nAma kA grAma hai| gaMja se thoDI hI dUrI para nacanA-kuTharA nAmaka sthAna hai| eka sundara sI pahAr3I kI chAyA meM vasA huA yaha sthAna atyanta ramaNIya hai| pahAr3I ke pagatala ko chUtA huA eka choTA-sA tAlAba zrAnta-klAnta pathikoM ko rAhata pradAna karatA hai| pahAr3a meM guphAoM ke andara muptakAlIna jaina mUrtiyoM birAjamAna haiN| yahA~ para virAjamAna bhagavAna mahAvIra svAmI kI paoNca phuTa U~cI papAsana pratimA atyanta manojJa hai| sIrA pahAr3I se prApta aneka pratimAe~ rAmavana saMgrahAlaya, pannA sthita chatrasAla udyAna, nAgauda jaina mandira tathA mamehA jaina mandira meM virAjamAna haiN| salehA jaina mandiroM meM virAjamAna tIrthaMkara AdinAtha kI pratimA atyanta vilakSaNa/ adabhuta hai| pratimA kA kezavinyAsa atyanta AkarSaka hai| isa pratimA kI eka pramukha vizeSatA yaha hai ki mastaka ke Page #323 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ 267 / tatkAryasUtra-nikava bIcobIca tRtIya netra kA aMkana huA hai| trinetradhArI AdinAtha kI pratimA meM yukSa govadana aura yakSiNI cakrezvarI sahita cAmaradhArI AkRtiyA~ va AkAza meM ur3ate hue gandharva mithuna bhI aMkita haiN| 2. siddhanAtha sIrA pahADa se lagabhaga 17 kilomITara kI dUrI para siddhanAtha nAmaka sthAna hai| yahA~ se prApta guptakAlIna jaina pratimAe~ aba salehA jaina mandira meM virAjamAna haiN| 3. mohendrA - pannA jile kA yaha choTA sA grAma bhI purAtAttvika sampadA meM atyanta dhanI hai| yahA~ eka saMgrahAlaya banAkara unheM saMrakSita kiyA jA rahA hai| 4. bar3AgAMva - rIvA zahara se lagabhaga 20 ki0 mI0 kI dUrI para gurgo kA prasiddha zaivamaTha hai| isa maTha ke pAsa astra ke samIpa hI eka jaina kendra thA, jisakA vikAsa kalacurikAla meM huA jo yahA~ kAladoSa se naSTa ho gyaa| yahA~ kI kucha pratimAe~ rIvA ke jaina mandira meM virAjamAna haiN| rIvA jile ke antargata hI guDha aura corahaTA grAmoM meM bhI kucha jaina zilpa prApta hote haiN| guDha ke sakaTamocana mandira se prApta do vizAla jinabimba rAmavana saMgrahAlaya meM saMgrahIta haiN| satanA jile kI dakSiNI sImA para barahI, kArItalAI, manaurA Adi aneka aise sthala haiM, jahA~ se prApta jaina zilpa rAyapura, jabalapura Adi sagrahAlayoM ko samRddha banA rahA hai| se isa prakAra satanA jile me aura usake AsapAsa guptakAla se lekara kalacurI tathA candelakalA taka ke eka bar3hakara eka jaina zilpAvazeSa upalabdha hote haiN| ina sthaloM kA vyApaka sarvekSaNa honA Avazyaka hai| satanA jilA starIya DAka TikaTa pradarzanI sahanA aiksa-2005 dinAMka 28 janavarI 200 ko na COVE wwwwww ATRAPEN 200 20- JANKAR2000 Soporony pro0 kamalApati jaina pUrva vibhAgAdhyakSa, prA0 bhA0 i0 saM0 evaM purAtatva, kalA mahAvidyAlaya, amarapATana .. zrI pa.pU. munirAja zrI 108 pramANa zrI. Chrome) C Page #324 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ tasvArthasUtra- nikaSa / 268 zrI digambara jaina mandira satanA sthApanA kA gauravazAlI 125 vA~ varSa : jitanI prAcIna satanA kI vikAsa yAtrA : lagabhaga utanA prAcIna digambara jaina mandira itihAsakAroM ke anusAra vartamAna satanA nagara ke uttara meM lagabhaga 2 mIla dUrI para basA huA gA~va baradADIha / Tant hai| san 1857 kI krAnti aura usake bAda bhI satanA nagara kA bhUbhAga baradADIha bAjAra kahalAtA thaa| rIvA riyAsata ke mahArAja raghurAjasiha ne yaha bhUbhAga jo maujA khajurI hissA svarUpasiha kahalAtA thA, baradADIha ke tatkAlIna jAgIradAra se san 1863 meM relave lAina nikAlane aura nagara basAne ke liye liyA thaa| 31 julAI 63 ko baradADIha bAjAra kI bhUmi IsTa iMDiyana relave ko pradAna kara dI gii| rela lAina bichanI prArambha huI, sAtha hI bastI ne bhI AkAra lenA prArambha kiyaa| san 1873 meM satanA relave sTezana kA pUrA vikAsa ho gyaa| relave sTezana ke AsapAsa bAjAra aura bastI ke nivAsI majadUra, choTe dukAnadAra, ahIra, ,kumhAra aura khoce vAle the / rAjya se protsAhana pAkara aura vyApAra ke liye acchI jagaha samajhakara rAjasthAna, kaccha, gujarAta, bundelakhaDa, ilAhAbAda, mirjApura, banArasa, kAnapura, jhAMsI, bA~dA Adi ke loga jiname jaina, mAravADI, kacchI, gujarAtI ke alAvA aneka jAti, patha, prAnta, dharma aura bhASA ke loga the, Akara basane lge| isa nagara kA vikAsa vyApAriyo ke parizrama ke kAraNa huA hai| yadyapi satanA nagara meM sabase prAcIna sthala DAlIbAbA hai, para aba yahA~ usa kAla kA koI mandira nahI hai| mukhtyAragaMja mandira kA zilAnyAsa san 1876 meM huA thA, para kaI pIr3hiyoM ke prayAsa se isakA nirmANa san 1925 me pUrNa huA / isa dRSTi se zikharabaddha mandiroM meM digambara jaina mandira ko hama satanA kA prathama pUrNa vikasita mandira kaha sakate haiM, jisakA nirmANa vi. saM. 1937 san 1880 meM huA thaa| aisA lagatA hai ki yahA~ basane Aye digambara jaina parivAro ne isa mandira kA nirmANa nyAya aura parizrama pUrvaka arjita apane dravya se karAyA aura prabhAvanApUrvaka isakI pratiSThA kraaii| mandira meM mUlanAyaka ke rUpa meM jainadharma ke 22 ve tIrthakara zrI neminAtha svAmI kI eka atyanta sundara, atizayakArI pratimA virAjamAna hai| zveta pASANa se nirmita yaha pratimA lagabhaga sAr3he tIna phITa U~cI hai| isa mUrti ke pAdapITha para mUrti kA pratiSThAkAla mAgha sudI 5 saM. 1937 sahita pratiSThApako ke nAma hajArIlAla javAharalAla Takita haiN| * jaina samAja satanA dvArA mandira nirmANa evaM mUrti pratiSThApanA ke isa gauravazAlI 125 veM varSa ko bar3e dhUmadhAma ke sAtha pUre varSa bhara manAyA jA rahA hai| parama pUjya AcArya zrI 108 vidyAsAgara jI mahArAja ke AjJAnuvartI ziSya parama pUjya munirAja zrI 108 pramANasAgara jI mahArAja kA varSAvAsa kAla (2 julAI se 2 disambara 2004) satanA nagara ko eka anupa AdhyAtmika bheMTa ke rUpa meM mAno prApta huA aura sampUrNa satanA nagara dharmamaya ho utthaa| muni zrI ke pAvana sAnidhya meM satanA nagaravAsiyoM ne 'neminAtha mahotsava' kA aitihAsika Ayojana kara apanI isa prAcIna sAskRtika aura dhArmika dharohara ke prati apanI zraddhA, sammAna aura anurAga kA jo paricaya diyA, vaha Ane vAlI aneka sadiyoM taka kiMvadantI ke rUpa me yAda kiyA jAtA rahegA / Page #325 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ 269 / kAryakA nikAya, digambara jaina samAja satanA ke gaurava puruSa / mahilAe~ 1. sva. zrI. paM. kevalacanda jaina - Apa udAramanA vyakti the / Apane vArANasI meM sva. zrI paM. kailAzacanda jI ke sAtha syAdvAda mahAvidyAlaya meM zikSA prApta kii| udAsIna vRtti se vyApAra meM rahakara bhI tAttvika vivecana meM saMlagna rahate the / 2. sva. zrI paM. kastUracanda jI thii| Apa varSo komA meM rhe| IsarI meM ApakI gaNanA purAnI pIDhI ke sevAbhAvI evaM dharmaniSTha vidvAnoM meM kI jAtI, bhI aneka varSo taka adhyApana karAyA / 3. sva. zrI motIlAla jI - sIdhe, sarala svabhAva ke vyakti the| zrI mahAvIra digambara jaina prAthamika pAThazAlA ke Apa AjIvana mantrI rhe| sAmAjika kAryo meM ApakA yogadAna rahatA thaa| 4. sva. zrI seTha dayAcanda jI (digana seTha) - satanA ke pramukha vyApAriyoM meM ApakI gaNanA hotI thii| mumbaI ke vyApAra jagata meM bhI acchI dhAka thii| Apane satanA meM jaina dharmazAlA kA nirmANa kraayaa| jilA cikitsAlaya meM eka vArDa banavAkara dAna svarUpa pradAna kiyaa| baiMka oNpha baghelakhaMDa ke gavarnara rahe / 5. sva. seTha dharmadAsa jI - pramukha vyApArI hone ke sAtha hI ApakA dhArmika jIvana atyanta prabhAvI rhaa| Apane lagabhaga 50 varSoM taka nizulka auSadhAlaya claayaa| satanA nagara pAlikA ke sadasya tathA baiMka oNpha baghelakhaMDa ke gavarnara rahe / 7. sva. zrI hukamacanda jaina 'netAjI' rASTrIya svayaM sevaka saMgha ke Apa karmaTha pracAraka the| bhAratIya janasaMgha sthApanA ke bAda Apa vindhyapradeza meM saMgaThana stara para mantrI aura bAda meM madhyapradeza banane para san 1972 meM sahAyaka mantrI ke rUpa meM padAdhikArI rhe| vibhinna AndolanoM meM bhAga lene ke kAraNa aneka bAra jela yAtrA kii| 74 meM mIsAbandI ke rUpa meM bhI jela meM rhe| bhAratIya majadUra sagha ke pradeza upAdhyakSa ke rUpa meM bhI apanI sevAe~ pradAna kii| samAja ke aneka varSoM taka mantrI rahe / mandira kA navInIkaraNa va sarasvatI bhavana kA nirmANa inhIM kI dekharekha meM sampanna huaa| jaina pAThazAlA ke saMyojaka ke rUpa meM jIvana ke antima samaya taka apanI sevAe~ pradAna kIM / - 7. sva. zrImatI ratIbAI jI - brAhmI vidyA Azrama kuNDalapura kI saMcAlikA rhiiN| Azrama ke sAgara sthAnAntaraNa hone para tadanantara sAgara kI AjIvana saMcAlikA rhiiN| AryikAvrata lekara muktAgiri meM AcArya zrI ke sAnnidhya meM san 1991 meM samAdhi lete samaya ApakA nAma AryikA AtmazrI mAtAjI diyA gyaa| Apa pIpalavAlA marivAra se thIM / * 8. parama pUjya 105 zrI tIrthamatI mAtA jI san 1925 meM grAma baddauna jilA chatarapura ke eka dharmaniSTha parivAra putIbAI kA janma huaa| bar3e bhAI dAdA hukamacanda jI ke satanA meM A jAne ke kAraNa putIbAI jI kA bacapana bhI satanA meM biitaa| choTI Ayu meM vivAha hone ke kucha hI dinoM ke bAda puttIbAI ko vaidhavya kA mahAna duHkha sahanA pdd'aa| sAhasa, dharma ke prati niSThA, lagana aura AtmakalyANa kI bhAvanA se brahmacarya vrata aMgIkAra kara puttIbAI jI dhArmika adhyayana hetu tatkAlIna jaina zikSaNa ke liye vikhyAta ArA Azrama (bihAra) gii| jahA~ para unheM bra. caMdAbAI jaisI viduSI se par3hane kA saubhAgya prApta huA / jIvana meM saMgharSa karate huye dharma ke prati niSThA pragAr3ha hotI calI gii| svayaM kA adhyayana pUrA karane ke bAda bra. Page #326 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ tasvArthatA-nikarSa/270 putIbAI kI meM aneka varSoM taka kalakattA, mirjApura, chatarapura, devendranagara evaM droNagiri meM niyamita dhArmika zikSaNa diyaa| parama pUjya 108 mAnArtha puSpadantasAgara jI mahArAja jaise saMta ke jIvana meM dharma ke bIja kA aMkuraNa bra. puttIbAI jI ne chatarapura meM dhArmika zikSaNa ke daurAna kiyA thaa| parama pUjya 108 AcArya zrI vimalasAgara jI mahArAja kI prathama ziSyA hone kA gaurava bhI bra. puttIbAI jI ko hai| prArambha ke kucha varSoM taka AcArya saMgha kI saMcAlikA kA dAyitva bhI nirvahana kiyaa| adhyayana, adhyApana ke sAtha saMyama aura sapa unakI jIvana zailI meM thaa| prArambha meM do pratimA evaM dIkSAparva taka sAta pratimA kA sadaiva sajagatA se nirdoSa pAlana kiyaa| sahasranAma ke eka hajAra upavAsa karane ke bAda dIkSA se pUrva 16 varSoM taka lagAtAra eka upavAsa eka ekAzana ke niyama ko pUrI dRr3hatA se paalaa| satanA bAI jI kI karmabhUmi thii| bAda ke adhikAza jIvana ko unhoMne bar3I bahina zrImatI paramIbAI jaina (bAbUlAla jJAnacanda jaina) chatarapura meM, devendranagara meM evaM bar3e bhAI dAdA hakumacanda jaina (avaMtI parivAra) meM bitaayaa| AtmakalyANa ke patha para Age bar3hate hae 13 agasta 1992 ko rakSAbandhana ke pAvana dina tIrtharAja sammedazikhara jI meM parama pUjya 108 AcArya zrI vimalasAgara jI mahArAja se kSullikA dIkSA grahaNa kii| vratI se mahAvratI hone ke bAda AtmakalyANa karate huye sAmAyika avasthA meM saMghastha sAdhuoM/AryikAo ke madhya sallekhanA pUrvaka nirvANabhUmi zikharajI meM 9 maI 1994 ko parama pUjya 105 tIrthamatI mAtA jI ne nazvara deha kA tyAga kiyaa| Page #327 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ 371/vArthA-nikA MmmamaARATHI - samaya ke amara zilAlekha 1. jaina mandira kA nirmANa san 1880 meM huaa| 2. 15 pharavarI ko nArAyaNatAla ke maidAna meM pA~ca ratha eka sAtha nikale the| paM. pannAlAla jaina pratiSThAcArya the| 3. jaina pAThazAlA san 1920 meM prArambha huii| 4. jaina auSadhAlaya kI sthApanA san 1920 meM huii| seTha dharamadAsa bhagavAnadAsa (nanhUmala) ne sthApita karAvA / 5. bairisTara bAbU campatarAya jaina kA san 1928 me satanA Agamana huaa| 6. san 1933 meM seTha diganalAla ne sArvajanika upayoga ke liye jaina dharmazAlA kA nirmANa kraayaa| tatkAlIna mahArAjA rIvA isake udghATana ke liye padhAre the| 7. phAlguna zukla 13 san 1953 ko pUjya kSullaka 105 gaNezaprasAda jI varNI kA zubhAgamana huaa| 8. sana 1974 me bhagavAna mahAvIra kA 2500 vaoN nirvANotsava varSa mnaayaa| 13-11-74 se 03-11-75 taka 1 22 mArca 75 ____ ko dharmacakra kA nagara praveza dvidivasIya kAryakrama ke rUpa meM huaa| 9. san 1975 me parama pUjya munirAja 108 Aryanandi jI mahArAja kA cAturmAsa satanA nagara meM huaa| ApakA zubhAgamana 25-06-75 ko huaa| pUjya Aryanandi jI mahArAja ke sAnnidhya meM 16-7-75 se 27-7-75 taka siddhacakra vidhAna kA bhavya Ayojana huA tathA havAI aDDA ke maidAna meM 7-12-75 se 13-12-75 taka paMcakalyANaka pratiSThA zrI paM. zikharacanda jI bhiNDa ke pratiSThAcAryatva meM sampanna huii| manoranAra gajaratha mahotsava meM padhAre tyAgI, vratI eva viziSTa mahAnubhAva-zrI 105 zu. moda jI varNI, kSu.guNabhadrasAgara jI, kSa. papasAgara jI mahArAja, paM. jaganmohanalAla jI zAstrI kaTanI, paM. pannAlAla jI sAhityAcArya sAgara, na. mANikacanda caMvare kAraMjA, bra. dayAsindhu jI droNagiri, pa. rAjakumAra jI bhiNDa, paM. cintAmaNi mI jAlanA, paM. ajitakumAra jhAsI, pa. dayAcanda jI mathurA, paM. pannAlAla jI kalakattA, paM. munnAlAla jI samagoriyA sAgara, pa. sukhanandana jI bar3auta, paM. zikharacanda jI IsarI, pa. prakAza hitaiSI dillI, paM. premacanda damoha, paM. vinayakumAra pathika mathurA, DaoN. suzIlacanda jI divAkara jabalapura, zrI tArAcanda jI premI phirojapura, paM. garIbadAsa jI kaTanI, seTha candUlAla kastUracanda zAha mumbaI, seTha lAlacanda hIrAcanda mumbaI, zrI jayantIlAla lallUbhAI pArekha mumbaI, zrI dazaratha jI vidhAyaka chatarapura, zrI ratanacanda khuzAlacanda gA~dhI phalaTaNa, zrI rAjamala maDavaiyA vidiyA, siM. tArAcanda mirjApura aadi| 10. san 1976 meM parama pUjya AcArya zrI 108 vidyAsAgara jI mahArAja kA dinaoNka 19-3-76 ko zubhAgamana huaa| saMgha meM kSu. pUjya yogasAgara jI, niyamasAgara jI, samayasAgara jI evaM pravacanasAgara jI the| dinAMka 27-3-76 ko rIvA ke liye vihAra huaa| 1. varSa 1980 meM zrI dayAcandra sarasvatI bhavana kA nirmANa sampanna hbaa| Page #328 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ tasvArthatana-nikaSa 1 272 12. jinAlaya prathama sala meM chaThavI vedI kA nirmANa / 6 maI 81 ko isa vedI kI pratiSThA hokara bhagavAn candraprabhu kI pratimA virAjamAna huii| 13. varSa 84 meM jaina sAmUhika vivAha sammelana yojanA kA zubhArambha prathama Ayojana 13-16 apraila 84 / yaha Ayojana nirantara 10 varSoM taka saphalatA pUrvaka Ayojita huaa| 14. varSa 85 meM sarasvatI bhavana ke sAmane do maMjilI bhavana kA nirmANa huaa| 15. varSa 89 meM pUjya AryikA gurumati mAtA jI (sasaMgha) kI grISmakAlIna vAcanA huii| sAtha meM AryikA dRDhamatI jI, mRdumati jI, tapomati jI, satyamati jI, guNamati jI, jinamati jI, nirNayamati jI, ujjvalamati jI, pAvanamati jI evaM kSu. nirmANamati jI thii| 16. varSa 1990 meM zrI paM. jaganmohanalAla jI zAstrI sAdhuvAda samAroha kA Ayojana huaa| isameM deza ke zIrSastha lagabhaga 100 vidvAnoM kI upasthiti meM vidvatpariSada kA sammelana sampanna huaa| tridivasIya kAryakrama me sAha azokakumAra jI, mANikacanda caMvare Adi padhAre the| AcArya kundakunda dvisahasrAbdI samAroha kA bhI Ayojana isI varSa huaa| 17. varSa 1991 meM parama pUjya munirAja zrI 108 kSamAsAgara jI mahArAja (sasagha) kA cAturmAsa huA / sAtha me muni zrI samatAsAgara jI, muni zrI pramANasAgara jI va 3 anya picchIdhArI ailaka-kSullaka the| 18. varSa 1993 meM pUjyA AryikA zrI 105 prazAntamati mAtA jI kA sasagha cAturmAsa sampanna huaa| sagha meM AryikA anantamati jI, nirmalamati jI, vimalamati jI, zuklamati jI, vinamramati jI, atulamati, vinatamati jI, anugamamati jI, saMvegamati jI evaM nirvegamati jI thiiN| Apake sAnidhya me indradhvaja maNDala vidhAna kA Ayojana bhI huaa| 19. varSa 1994 meM parama pUjya AcArya virAgasAgara jI mahArAja kI sasagha upasthiti me zItakAlIna vAcanA 8-1-94 se 5-2-94 taka samyagjJAna zikSaNa zivira ke sAtha sampanna huii| 20. varSa 1998 meM 6-11 pharavarI taka pacakalyANaka pratiSThA paramapUjya muni samatAsAgara, muni pramANasAgara va kSu. nizcayasAgara jI ke sAnnidhya meM sampanna huii| isame bhagavAna kunthunAtha va bhagavAn aranAtha ke jinabimbo kI pratiSThA kI gii| dayodaya pazu sevA kendra kA zubhArambha 22-3-1998 meM huaa| parama pUjya AcArya zrI 108 Aryanandi jI mahArAja kA dvitIya cAturmAsa huaa| 22. varSa 2000 meM bhagavAna zrI zAntinAtha ke zikhara para suvarNamaNDita kalaza tathA dhvaja sthApanA dinA~ka 4-2-2000 ko zrI 105 AryikA pUrNamati mAtA jI kA sasaMgha cAturmAsa sampanna huA / saMghastha AryikAyeM thIM - zubhamati jI, sAdhumati jI, Alokamati jI, vizadamati jI, vipulamati jI, madhuramati jI, ekatvamati jI (samAdhistha), kaivalyamati jI, satarkamati jI evaM zvetamati jii| Page #329 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ Song 273 /sasvArthasUla-nika .. zrAvaka saMskAra zivira, zrI kalpadruma vidhAna evaM zrI vidyA samAdhi sAdhanA kakSa kA zilAnyAsa huaa| 23. varSa 2001 meM bhagavAn mahAvIra ke 2600 veM janma mahotsava kA Ayojana dinAMka 8-4-01 se 30-4-02 taka humaa|.: isameM lokakalyANakArI aneka kArya sampanna hue.- mahAvIravidhAna kA Ayojana, relve pleTaphArma naM. 1 meM vATara ... kUlara kI sthApanA, relave sTezana parisara meM mahAvIra vANI ke paTToM ko lagavAyA gayA, jilA cikitsAlaya meM zizu vArDa ko goda liyA, varSa 02 kI borDa parIkSAoM 10 412 meM meriTa lisTa meM Aye satanA jile ke pratibhAvAna chAtroM / ko puraskAra evaM sammAna, pannIlAla cauka kA nAma ahiMsA cauka rakhA gayA, zrI vidyA samAdhi sAdhanA kakSa kA ... lokArpaNa, guruchAyA kA zilAnyAsa Adi / 24. varSa 2002 meM parama pUjya munirAja zrI 108 vimarzasAgara jI evaM muni vinarghasAgara jI kA cAturmAsa huA, jisameM zrI bhaktAmara jI kA zivira kA Ayojana huaa| 25. varSa 2004 meM jinAlaya sthApanA evaM mUlanAyaka jinabimba pratiSThApanA kA 125 vA~ varSa (dinAMka 26-6-04 se 26-6. -05 taka), guruchAyA kA lokArpaNa, zAstrabhaNDAra kA vyavasthitIkaraNa, neminAtha mahotsava aadi| parama pUjya muni zrI pramANasAgara jI mahArAja evaM bAla bra. dazamapratimAdhArI zrI azoka bhaiyA jI kA cAturmAsa / sandarbha khota sUcI 1. merI jIvana gAthA - kSu. gaNezaprasAda varNI 2. paravAra jaina samAja kA itihAsa - sampA. siddhAntAcArya. paM. phUlacanda zAstrI 3. satanA nagara - lekhaka zrI zivAnanda jI 4. gajaratha smArikA, satanA 75 - sampA. siM. jayakumAra jaina 5. parisaMgha dazAbdI smArikA - sampA. siM. jayakumAra jaina 6. mukti darzana, agasta 04 - lekhikA zrImatI krAnti jaina 7. sRjana (sAmUhika vivAha sammelana dazAbdI samAroha smArikA) - sampA. zrI amara jaina 8. vayovRddha samAja sevI zrI javAharalAla jaina, nivartamAna adhyakSa jaina samAja satanA se sAkSAtkAra dvArA prApta ... ". jaankaarii| 9. zrI mandira jI meM virAjamAna jinabimboM ke pAdamUla meM aMkita lekh| ... .. . .. Feat.. Page #330 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ yaha pRSTha Apake ciMtana binduoM ko aMkita karane ke liye... hameM Apake patra kI pratIkSA rahegI. prabaMdha saMpAdaka siddhArtha jaina me. sa. siM. prasannakumAra sunIlakumAra jaina mahAvIna bhavana, satanA phona : 07672-235474 si. jayakumAra jaira me. anurAga TreDarsa gAMdhI cauka, satanA phona : 07672-235551 Page #331 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ The full o mandira kA pazcimI praveza dvAra evaM mAnastaMbha Page #332 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- _