Madhyakalin Gujarati Jain Sahitya

Author(s): Kantilal B Shah, Jayant Kothari
Publisher: Mahavir Jain Vidyalay
Catalog link: https://jainqq.org/explore/001024/1

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| gujarAtI gaDAsAna netasAra saMpAdako jayaMta koThArI kAMtibhAI bI. zAha sAhitya dain Education International

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madhyakAlIna gujarAtI jaina sAhitya namra sUcana isa grantha ke abhyAsa kA kArya pUrNa hote hI niyata samayAvadhi meM zIghra vApasa karane kI kRpA kareM. jisase anya vAcakagaNa isakA upayoga kara sakeM. saMpAdako jayaMta koThArI kAntibhAI bI. zAha AvA zrI mahAvIra jaina vidyAlaya muMbaI WWW.jainelibrary.org

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Madhyakalina Gujarati Jaina Sahitya Collection of essays on medieval Gujarati Jain Literature Ed. Jayant Kothari, Kantibhai B. Shah 1993, Mahavira Jaina Vidyalaya, Bombay pahelI AvRtti, mArca 1993 nakala 750 kiMmata rU. 120 AvaraNa : zaileza modI prAptisthAna : gUrjara graMtharatna kAryAlaya, amadAvAda navabhArata sAhitya maMdira, muMbaI tathA amadAvAda Ara. Ara. zeThanI kaMpanI, muMbaI tathA amadAvAda sarasvatI pustaka bhaMDAra, amadAvAda prakAzaka : dhIrajalAla mohanalAla zAha zrIkAMtabhAI sAkaracaMda vasA dinezabhAI jIvaNalAla kuMvADiyA maMtrIo, zrI mahAvIra jaina vidyAlaya oNgasTa krAnti mArga, muMbaI 400 036 lesara TAipaseTiMga H zAradA mudraNAlaya (lesara vibhAga) jummA masjida sAme, gAMdhI mArga, amadAvAda 380 001 mudraka H bhagavatI mudraNAlaya 19, ajaya inDasTriyala esTeTa, dUdhezvara roDa, amadAvAda 380 004

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A pustakanA prakAzanamAM paramapUjya saumyamUrti AcAryazrI vijayadevasUrIzvarajI mahArAjazrI, pUjya AcAryazrI vijayahemacandrasUrIzvarajI mahArAja tathA pUjya paMnyAsazrI pradyumnavijayajI mahArAja AdinI satpreraNAthI zrI savitAbena ramaNalAla DAhyAbhAI ceriTebala TrasTa vilepArlA (pUrva), muMbaI taraphathI udAratApUrvaka Arthika sahayoga prApta thayo che tenI anumodanA karIe chIe. li. dhIrajalAla mohanalAla zAha zrIkAMtabhAI sAkaracaMda vasA dinezabhAI jIvaNalAla kuvADiyA maMtrIo zrI mahAvIra jaina vidyAlaya

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prakAzakIya nivedana labdhapratiSTha saMzodhaka-saMpAdaka zrI mohanalAla dalIcaMda dezAInI janmazatAbdI I.sa.1985mAM tAjI ja pasAra thaI hatI, ane emanA mUlyavAna graMtha jaina gUrjara kavionI saMvardhita navI AvRttinA prathama khaMDanuM 1986mAM tAjuM ja prakAzana thayuM hatuM - A banne mahattvanA banAvone anulakSIne zrI mohanalAla dezAInA lekhanakAryanI anumodanA rUpe, A saMsthA taraphathI "madhyakAlIna gujarAtI jaina sAhitya vizeno eka viziSTa ane mUlyavAna parisaMvAda amadAvAda khAte tA.28-29 mArca, 1987nA be divasoe yojavAmAM Avyo hato. A parisaMvAdanuM samagra Ayojana ane saMcAlana zrI jayaMta koThArIe karyuM hatuM. madhyakALamAM jainonuM pradAna noMdhapAtra rahyuM che. A parisaMvAdamAM jaina sAhityanA keTalAka pravAho, mahattvanA jaina kavivaro ane mahattvanI jaina kRtio vize trIseka jeTalA abhyAsapUrNa nibaMdho rajU thayA hatA. e nibaMdhone graMtha rUpe pragaTa karavAnI vidyAlayanI bhAvanA hatI ja. tevAmAM pU.paM. zrI pradyumnavijayajI mahArAjanI preraNAthI zrI savitAbena ramaNalAla DAhyAbhAI ceriTebala TrasTa, vilepAla (muMbaI) taraphathI udAratAbharyo Arthika sahayoga ane prApta thayo, jene laIne e bhAvanA saraLatAthI mUrta thaI zakI. A prakAranA udAra Arthika sahayoga mATe ame zrI savitAbena ramaNalAla DAhyAbhAI ceriTebala TrasTano sAnaMda RNasvIkAra karIe chIe. saMsthA potAno amRta mahotsava umaMgabhera ane ujvala rIte UjavI rahI che e samaye gaMbhIra vidyAdhyayananI AvI mahattvanI sAmagrI jaina-jainetara samAjane sAdara karatAM ame atyaMta AnaMda anubhavIe chIe ane AzA rAkhIe chIe ke A sAhityasAmagrIno sau AtmahitArthe upayoga karaze. jaina samAjanA sAthasahakArathI A saMsthA AvAM vidyAkIya kAryo vadhu ne vadhu karatI rahe evI amArI abhilASAne sarva sahRdayIonI anumodanA maLI raho evI amArI abhyarthanA A graMthanA saMpAdananI javAbadArI zrI jayaMta koThArI ane kAntibhAI bI. zAhe cIvaTapUrvaka saMbhALI che te mATe ame saMpAdakonA atyanta AbhArI chIe. jemanA lekho ahIM graMthastha thayA che te sau vidvAnono paNa ame hArdika AbhAra mAnIe chIe. amane zraddhA che ke madhyakAlIna gujarAtI sAhityanA itihAsanA abhyAsamAM A graMtha pUraka banI raheze ane jene gujarAtI sAhitya vize mUlyavAna sAmagrI pUrI pADaze. zrI mahAvIra jaina vidyAlaya, ghIrajalAla mohanalAla zAha oNgasTa kAnti mArga, zrIkAMtabhAI sAkaracaMda vasA muMbaI 400 036 dinezabhAI jIvaNalAla kuvADiyA tA. 15-1-1993 maMtrIo

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saMpAdakIya nivedana jaina gUrjara kavio' ane jaina sAhityano saMkSipta itihAsa' jevA AkaragraMthonA sarjaka zrI mohanalAla dalIcaMda dezAInI janmazatAbdI I.sa. 1985mAM tAjI ja pasAra thaI hatI, ane "jaina gUrjara kavio' graMthazreNInI saMzodhita-saMvardhita. navI AvRttino prathama bhAga jayaMta koThArI dvArA saMpAdita thaIne zrI mahAvIra jaina vidyAlaya (muMbaI) dvArA 1986mAM prakAzana pAmyo hato. A banne mahattvanA banAvone anulakSIne zrI mahAvIra jaina vidyAlaye amadAvAda khAte "madhyakAlIna gujarAtI jaina sAhitya' vize DaoN. harivallabha bhAyANInI adhyakSatAmAM tA.28ra9 mArca 1987nA be divasoe (sadgata dezAInA janmane 102 varSa thavA kALe) eka parisaMvAdanuM Ayojana karyuM hatuM. parisaMvAdanA samagra Ayojana-saMcAlananI vyavasthA jayaMta koThArIne soMpavAmAM AvI hatI. madhyakALanA gujarAtI jaina sAhityanA keTalAka pravAho, mahattvanA jaina kavio ane mahattvanI jaina kRtio vize eka sUcita yAdI taiyArI karI vidvAna adhyApakone nibaMdhavAcana mATe AmaMtraNa ApI viSayonI phALavaNI karavAmAM AvI hatI. parisaMvAdanI kula traNa beThakomAM trIseka jeTalA nibaMdho rajU thayA hatA. A nibaMdho graMthastha karavA aMge ThIkaThIka samaya sudhI koI nirNaya saMsthA. taraphathI laI zakAyo nahoto, ane vaLI A ja gALAmAM "upAdhyAya yazovijaya svAdhyAya graMtha'nA saMpAdana-prakAzananuM kAma paNa saMsthAnA hAtha upara hatuM ja. paraMtu pU.paM.zrI pradyumnavijayajI mahArAjanI preraNAthI zrI savitAbena ramaNalAla DAhyAbhAI ceriTebala TrasTa, vilepArle (muMbaI) taraphathI prastuta graMthanA prakAzana mATe udAratAbharI Arthika sahAya prApta thatAM vidyAlaye graMthaprakAzana mATe satvare nirNaya levAnI paristhiti nimaIi. enA saMpAdananI javAbadArI amAre nibhAvavAnI AvI. parisaMvAdamAM bhAga lenAra vidvAnomAMthI jUja apavAda sivAya badhAe ja likhita svarUpe potAnA nibaMdho amane mokalI ApyA. madhyakALanA gujarAtI jaina sAhityanAM zakya eTalAM vadhu pravAho-kavio-kRtione AvarI laI zakAya te mATe parisaMvAdamAM rajU thayelA nibaMdho uparAMta paNa, khAsa A graMtha mATe AmaMtraNa ApIne taiyAra karAvelA thoDAka lekho paNa ahIM samAvyA che. temaja mohanalAla dalIcaMda dezAIno lekha "AnaMdaghana ane yazovijayajI' varSo pahelAM lakhAyo hovA chatAM ene A graMthamAM samAvyo che, eTalA mATe ke ethI karIne be ati mahattvanA jaina kavione A saMpAdanamAM AvarI laI zakAyA che. e ja rIte jayaMta koThArIno madhyakAlIna gujarAtI sAhityamAM jainonuM pradAna" lekha paNa, agAu prakAzita chatAM, graMthanA viSaya sAthenI susaMgatatAne laIne ahIM lIdho che. ahIM saMpAdanaprakriyA thayelI che, eTaleke keTalAka lekho maThArAyA che ne keTalAka

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VI lekhomAM kApakUpa karavAnI paNa jarUra paDI che. lekhakonI udAra saMmatithI ja A thaI zakyuM che, paNa A kAraNe AmAMnA je lekho anyatra chapAyA haze tenAthI ahIM keTaleka sthAne pAThabheda dekhAze. vAcakone A lakSamAM rAkhavA khAsa vinaMtI che. graMthamAMnA lekhone pravAho, kavio ane kRtio - e kramamAM (zakya hoya tyAM samayAnukrame) goThavyA che. A saMpAdanamAM parisaMvAdano saMdarbha ane prakAzananI samayamaryAdA A be paribaLoe bhAga bhajavyo hoI, madhyakAlIna gujarAtI jaina sAhityamAM hajIye evuM ghaNuM che je ahIM vaNasparyuM rahI gayuM che e kabUlavuM rahyuM. paNa madhyakALanA samagra jena sAhityano silasilAbaMdha itihAsa rajU thAya evA koI mahattvAkAMkSI dhyeya sAthe hAtha dharAyeluM A saMpAdana che nahIM eTaluM spaSTa karIe. parisaMvAdane nimitte je kaMI sAhajika rIte nIpajI AvyuM tenI A phalazruti che. ethI ja A saMpAdanamAMnA keTalAka lekho prastuta sAhityano kevaLa paricaya ApanArA, athavA to vihaMgAvalokana ke saMkSipta dRSTipAta karAvanArA paNa ghaNAne lAgaze ja. AzA che ke madhyakAlIna gujarAtI sAhityanA itihAsagraMthomAM A graMtha pUraka banI raheze ane abhyAsIone madhyakALanA gujarAtI sAhityamAM jainonA pradAna aMge navesarathI mUlyAMkana karavAmAM upayogI saMdarbha pUro pADaze. parisaMvAdamAM bhAga lenAra vidvAnomAMthI jemaNe A saMpAdana mATe lekho mokalI ApyA temano temaja amArA khAsa AmaMtraNathI A graMtha mATe jemaNe lekha taiyArI karI ApyA te sauno ame hArdika AbhAra mAnIe chIe. khUba cIvaTa rAkhIne lesara TAipaseTiMganuM kAma karI ApavA badala zAradA mudraNAlayanA zrI rohita koThArInA. saphAIdAra mudraNakArya mATe bhagavatI mudraNAlayanA zrI bhIkhAbhAI paTelanA ane AvaraNacitra mATe zrI zaileza modInA paNa ame AbhArI chIe. tA. 27-2-1993 jayaMta koThArI kAntibhAI bI. zAha saMpAdako

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eka vidyAkAryanI zubha zarUAta madhyakAlIna gujarAtI sAhityamAM jaina lekhakonuM pradAna ghaNuM moTuM che - racanAnA pramANanI, prakAronI, vividhatAnI temaja guNavattAnI dRSTie. mo. da. desAInA "jaina gUrjara kavio' dvArA, tathA jayaMta koThArI vaDe saMpAdita "gujarAtI sAhityakoza (madhyakAlIna) dvArA e hakIkatanI pratIti have to pUrI spaSTatAthI ApaNane maLI cUkI che. A bAbata pratye dhyAna doravA temaja thoDAka vizeSa mahattvanA jaina kartAo ane kRtionA vivaraNa-vivecana dvArA kAMIka nakkara karavAnA hetuthI, jayaMta koThArInAM preraNA ane AyojananA pariNAme 1987mAM madhyakAlIna gujarAtI jaina sAhitya vize eka parisaMvAda thayo hato. temAM rajU thayelA nibaMdho ahIM saMgRhIta karelA che. gujarAtI sAhityanAM ItihAso, adhyayano, pAThyakramomAM jaina kRtionI temanA mahattvanA pramANamAM je avagaNanA thaI che te mATe vividha kAraNo cIMdhI zakAya. paNa be bAbata mane vizeSa javAbadAra lAge che. cAlu sadInA uttarArdhamAM ApaNe tyAM sAhityano je khyAla uttarottara vadhu prabhAvaka banato gayo tene lIdhe je kRtimAM sIdhuM ke ADakataruM vicArapracAranuM, AsthAbhAvanA vyakta karatuM tattva hoya tene UtaratI kRti gaNavAnuM ke kharI kRti na gaNavAnuM valaNa ghaNuM prabaLa banyuM. AthI ghaNIkharI madhyakAlIna kRtio nAtabahAra thaI gaI. je thoDIkane udArabhAve ke potAnA atItanuM gaurava karavAnI lAgaNIthI "sAhityano mobho maLyo temanI guNavattA paNa, kRtinAM mULa prayojanone avagaNI, AjanAM dhoraNo ane mAnadaMDothI ja sthApavAnA prayAsa thayA. bIjuM, gujarAtInA ghaNA adhyApakomAM adhyayananI rUci nabaLI paDI che ke rahI nathI. AvI paristhitimAM madhyakALanA sAhitya tarapha ane temAMye jaina ahitya tarapha dRSTipAta karavAnI keTalI saMbhAvanA ? Ama chatAM sanniSTha prayAsa thoDuMka to iSTa pariNAma jarUra lAve enuM draSTAMta prastuta saMgraha pUruM pADe che. emAMnA nibaMdhomAM hIrANaMda, lAvaNyasamaya, jayavaMta, kuzalalAbha, nayasuMdara, RSabhadAsa, AnaMdavardhana, AnaMdaghana, yazovijaya jevA jaina lekhako tathA keTalIka jaina kRtionAM paricaya ane guNadarzana, thoDAka prakAronI jANakArI ane sAmAnya pravAhadarzana rajU thayAM che. thoDIka atyukti lAge topaNa, kahuM ke A to pAzerAmAM pahelI pUNI che. AvA saMkhyAbaMdha prayAso ane keTalAMka saghana adhyayano thatAM rahe tene pariNAme ja jaina paraMparAnA vyApaka pradAnanuM sAcuM, saMtoSakAraka citra nirmita thAya. vaLI A to mukhyatve prakAzita jaina sAhityane ja kendramAM rAkhIne vAta thaI. hajI aprakAzita rahela gujarAtI sAhitya anekagaNuM che, gaMjAvara che. potAnA samRddha, vipula saMskAravArasAnI jemane khevanA hoya tevA gujarAtIo, jeno jarUrI Teko ane tAlIma sulabha karIne juvAna abhyAsIonuM

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VIII eka niSThAvAna jUtha taiyAra kare to ja e sAhityano uddhAra thAya. chevaTe be zabda madhyakAlIna sAhityanA adhyayana, AsvAda ane mUlyAMkanane lagatI ApaNI dRSTi ane abhigama vize. e sAhitya paraMparAnusArI che. eTale A saMdarbhamAM "paraMparAnA arthasaMketo ane tAtparyanI talasparzI carcA karavI e eka pAyAnI jarUriyAta thaI. bIjuM, e samayanI racanAo ekasAthe vividha prayojano - vyAvahArika tema uccatara - sAdhavAnI dRSTie thatI hatI e hakIkatane dRSTi sAme rAkhIne ja temanuM nyAya karatuM vivaraNa-vivecana thaI zake. trIjuM ghaNIkharI racanAonuM paThana nahIM, paNa zravaNa thatuM. ane cothuM je grAhakavargane mATe temanuM "nirmANa thatuM, ane temano je utpAdakavarga hato - eTale "mAga' ane 'puravaThAne lagatI je te-te samayanI paristhiti hatI (vaipArI arthamAM A na samajazo, bhalA !) - je Arthika-sAmAjika-sAMskRtika pariveza hato, tenI upekSA karavI te e racanAone, e sAhityane sAcI rIte jANavA-samajavAno rAjamArga che eTaluM yAda rAkhavuM. A prayAsanI saphaLatA mATe bhAI jayaMtane dhanyavAda. harivallabha bhAyANI

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anukrama 42 pa4 CE 1. madhyakAlIna gujarAtI sAhityamAM jainonuM pradAna . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . jayaMta koThArI 1 2. jaina kathAsAhitya : keTalIka lAkSaNikatA . . . . hasu yAjJika 20 3. jaina phAgukAvyo ? keTalIka lAkSaNikatAo . . . . jayaMta koThArI 34 4. madhyakAlIna jaina phAgu-bAramAsA sAhitya : eka dRSTipAta . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ramaNalAla jozI 38 5. madhyakAlIna gujarAtI jaina padakavitA . . . . . rasika mahetA 6. madhyakAlIna jaina kavitAmAM patralekha . . . . . . rameza ra. dave 48 7. madhyakAlIna gujarAtI jaina sAhityamAM hAlaraDAM . zraddhA trivedI 8. madhyakAlIna gujarAtI jaina gadyasAhitya kezavarAma kA. zAstrI 60 9. madhyakAlIna gujarAtI jaina kavitAnA padyabaMdho .kirtidA jozI 10. madhyakAlIna gujarAtI jaina sAhityamAM kAvyatattva : saMkSipta digdarzana . . . . . . . . . . . . . . pravINa zAha 77 11. AnaMdaghana-yazovijaya-devacaMdrano tattvavicAra nagIna jI. zAha 81 12. hIrANaMdasUri : jIvanakavananuM Akalana . . . . .baLavaMta jAnI 89 13. lAvaNyasamaya . . . . . . . . . . . . kAntibhAI bI. zAha 102 14. paMDita, rasajJa, sarjaka kavi jayavaMtasUri . . . . . jayaMta koThArI 114 15. kavi kuzalalAbha . . . . . . . . . . . . . vADIlAla cokasI 156 16. nayasuMdara . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . caMdrakAMta mahetA 161 17. kavi samayasuMdara . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .vasaMta dave 165 18. zrAvaka kavi RSabhadAsa : sAhityika viziSTatAo . . . . . . . . .niraMjanA je. vorA 173 19. mahimAsAgaraziSya AnaMdavardhananI kavitA. . . kanubhAI jAnI 181 20. adhyAtmI zrI AnaMdaghana ane zrI yazovijaya . . . . . . . . . . . mohanalAla da. dezAI 195 21. upAdhyAya yazovijayajInI sAhityakaLA - keTalAka muddA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . jayaMta koThArI 215 22. jJAnavimalasUri : jJAnabodha ane kavitva . . kumArapALa desAI 230 ra3. sarjaka kavi uttamavijaya . . . . . . . . . . . .ramaNa sonI 236 24. yazekharasUriracita "tribhuvanadIpaka prabaMdha' . mahendra a. dave 239 25. pRthvIcandracarita'nI kathanarIti . . . . . . . kanubhAI jAnI 248 26. AcAryazrI somasuMdararacita upadezamAlA bAlAvabodha' . . . . . . jorAvarasiMha paramAra 256

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27. AjJAsuMdarakata vidyAvilAsapavADuM : eka paricaya . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . kanubhAI zeTha 260 28. malayacaMdrakRta 'siMghalazI caritra' . . . . . . . . bhAratI vaidya 269 29. udayabhAnuracita "vikramacaritra rAsa : eka dRSTipAta. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . subhASa dave 275 30. sahajasundara ane "guNaratnAkara chaMda' . . kAntibhAI bI. zAha 279 31. bAlAvabodhakAra merusuMdaragaNi ane temano "IlopadezamAlA bAlAvabodha' . . . . . ramaNIka zAha ra0 32. yazovijayakRta 'samudra-vahANa saMvAda' . . . . . ramaNa sonI 297 33. jinaharSakRta "vIzI' : tIrthakara stavana - garabA rUpe . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . kIrtidA jozI 301 34. vinayavijayakRta "nema-rAjula bAramAsA' . . . . jayanta pAThaka 308 3pa. vinayacaMdrakRta "sthUlibhadra bArahamAsA' . . . bhoLAbhAI paTela 312 36. udayaratnakRta neminAtha teramAsA' . . . . . pramodakumAra paTela 317 37. nAmasUci . . . . . 325

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madhyakAlIna gujarAtI jaina sAhitya

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madhyakAlIna gujarAtI sAhityamAM jainonuM pradAna - - - - - - - - - - - ra ma pa pa aa pa ma ma ra - - - - - - jayaMta koThArI sAhityanA itihAsamAM jaina sAhitya keTalAMka varSo pahelAM madhyakAlIna (I.sa.1850 pUrvenA) gujarAtI sAhityanA saMdarbhe meM phariyAda karelI ke "ApaNA sAhityanA adhyayanamAM jaina kavio ane sAhitya upekSita rahyAM che... prathama paMktinA vidvAnonA vivecanano je lAbha akho, premAnaMda, dayArAma jevAne maLyo che te koI jaina kavine maLyo jaNAto nathI. bhAlaNa, nAkara, narapati, zAmaLa vagerene ApaNA abhyAsamAM je sthAna maLatuM rahyuM che tevuM koI jaina kavine bhAgye ja maLyuM che. vipula pramANamAM sAhityasarjana karanAra lAvaNyasamaya ane samayasundara jevA kaviono sAMgopAMga abhyAsa thavo haju bAkI che. sAhityanA itihAsamAM paNa viziSTa jaina kRtio ane kaviono pUrato paricaya karAvavAmAM Avato nathI. hA, narasiMha pUrvenA jaina sAhityano kaMIka vIgate paricaya karAvavAmAM Ave che kemake e vakhatanuM jainetara sAhitya alpa pramANamAM che !" (upakrama, 1969, pR.143) mArI A phariyAda moTA bhAganA lokone vadhAre paDatI lAgavAnI ne emAM jaina tarIkeno mAro pakSapAta pragaTa thato dekhAvAno. chellI TakoramAM to mArA parama snehI DaoN. madhusUdana pArekhane paNa mAruM ALApaNuM jaNAyeluM. hamaNAM thoDA samaya pahelAM eka yunivarsiTInI abhyAsasamitimAM madhyakAlIna gujarAtI sAhityanA itihAsanA abhyAsakramamAM jainonA pradAnanA muddAne yogya sthAna ApavA meM sUcana karyuM tyAre eka adhyApake kahyuM ke emAM bhaNAvavA jevuM zuM che ? ane ApaNe narasiMha pUrvenuM jaina sAhitya bhaNAvIe ja chIe ne? emane kahyuM ke narasiMha pachInA jaina sAhityano tamane kaMI aMdAja che kharo? e vAta sAcI che ke I.sa.1850 pUrvenA jaina sAhityano pUro, sAco aMdAja ApaNane nathI. meM uparyukta phariyAda karI tyAre maneye e aMdAja hato ema kahevAnI sthitimAM huM atyAre nathI. e vakhate huM joto hato ke madhyakAlIna sAhityanA itihAsamAM jaina sAhitya vipula hovAnI vAta noMdhAtI hatI, keTalAMka nAmo paNa levAtAM hatAM paNa kavio ke kRtionA paricaya bahu ochA AvatA hatA. meM phariyAda karelI te A sthitine anulakSIne ne te veLAe mArI je kaMI jANakArI hatI tene AdhAre. jaina sAhitya taraphanA ApaNA valaNane pragaTa karatuM eka udAharaNa noMdhavAnuM mana thAya che. anaMtarAya rAvaLanA "gujarAtI sAhitya (madhyakAlIna)' (1954)mAM

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2 madhyakAlIna gujarAtI jaina sAhitya je jaina kavio ullekhAyA che temAMthI bahu ochAne pAchaLanI zabdasUcimAM sthAna maLyuM che ! graMthamAM jemanI noMdha thoDI vIgate levAI che evA kuzaLalAbha, jayazekharasUri, mANikyasuMdarasUri jevA paNa bAkAta rahI gayA che. sAme pakSe graMthamAM sAmAnya ullekha dharAvatA ghaNA jainetara kavio zabdasUcimAM sthAna pAmyA che. A thoDuMka Akasmika rIte nIpajI AvyuM haze - zabdasUci khAmIbharelI che ja - tema chatAM jaina sAhityane gauNa gaNavAnuM valaNa emAM kAma karI gayuM haze ema mAnavAne avakAza rahe ja che. gujarAtI sAhitya pariSada taraphathI 1976mAM prakAzita thayelo "gujarAtI sAhityano ItihAsa khaMDa bIjo' narasiMha pachInA madhyakAlIna gujarAtI sAhityano eka bRhad itihAsa che. emAM jaina sAhityanI zI sthiti che e jovA jevuM che. zabdasUcimAM lagabhaga 550 jaina ane 150 jainetara gujarAtI graMthakAro noMdhAyA che tathA lagabhaga 1800 jaina ane 750 jenetara gujarAtI kRtiono nirdeza che. tenI sAme graMthamAM Azare 600 pAnAM jainetara graMthakArone ane mAtra 150 pAnAM jaina graMthakArone phALavAyAM che. jainetara graMthakArone apAyelAM 900 pAnAMmAMthI narasiMha, mIrAM, premAnaMda, akho, zAmaLa, dayArAma, bhAlaNa jevA prathama paMktinA jainetara graMthakArone apAyelAM 300 pAnAM bAda karIe topaNa bAkInA bIjI trIjI haroLanA jainetara graMthakArone 300 jeTalAM pAnAM apAyAM che evo artha thAya. enAthI traNa gaNA jaina graMthakArone enAthI ardhA pAnAM ja apAyAM che. - pAnAMnI A gaNatarI ghaNI dhULa lAgavA saMbhava che. kavisaMkhyAnA pramANamAM pAnAM phALavavAM joIe evI paNa koI dalIla nathI. kemake sAhitya vize lakhavAmAM sAhityanI guNavattA paNa jovAnI hoya ja. tAtparya eTaluM ja che ke jaina sAhityanI je rIte noMdha levAvI joItI hatI te rIte levAI nathI. A kazA sabhAna hetuthI thayuM che evuM nathI. jaina sAhitya haju ghaNuM amudrita che, mudrita jaina sAhityano paNa abhyAsa ocho thayo che ane jaina sAhityanI vipulatA, vividhatA ane sAhityika guNavattAno aMdAja ApaNane Avyo nathI. gujarAtI sAhitya pariSada taraphathI taiyAra thatA gujarAtI sAhityakoza sAthe saMkaLAvAnuM thayuM tyAre mArI samakSa madhyakAlIna gujarAtI sAhityanA kSetre jainonuM je anokhuM pradAna che enuM citra UghaDavA lAgyuM. e citra sAhityapravRttinAM aneka parimANone AvarI letuM hatuM ane ghaNe ThekANe jUnA aMdAjonI kyAMya upara cAlyuM jatuM hatuM. jainonA sAhityika pradAnanAM e vividha pAsAMo para najara karavAno ahIM upakrama che. sAhityavArasAnuM jatana ane saMvardhana sAhityakozanI kAmagIrI daramyAna, jaina sAhityanI sAmagrI jyAMthI maLI zake evAM sthAno eTalAM badhAM amArI sAme AvatAM hatAM ke amArAthI pahoMcI

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madhyakAlIna gujarAtI sAhityamAM jainonuM pradAna D 3 vaLavuM muzkela thatuM hatuM, tyAre vaiSNava, svAminArAyaNa, khojA tathA anya aneka nAnAnAnA dharmasaMpradAyonI sAhityasAmagrI mATe amAre ghaNAM khAMkhAkhoLAM karavAM paDatAM hatAM. jenI pAse jJAnabhaMDAronI eka namUnedAra vyavasthA, tyAre anya saMpradAyomAM vyavasthita pustakasaMgrahanAM ja phAMphAM. keTalAka jaina jJAnabhaMDAro to atyaMta vizALa - dazeka hajAra jeTalA mudrita graMthone samAvatA ane daza-vIza hajAra hastalikhita pothIone samAvatA. mudrita graMtho jADA brAuna peparanAM pUMThAM caDAvIne vargIkRta karIne kabATomAM goThavelA hoya ne hastalikhita pothIo pUThAM tathA kapaDAMnAM baMdhanamAM mUkIne sarasa rIte sAcavelI hoya. A graMtho ane pothIonI yAdI pAkA bAMdhelA copaDAomAM suMdara maroDadAra akSaromAM karelI hoya. A bhaMDAro jJAnopAsanAnuM eka manohara citra ApaNI pAse khaDuM karI de. jainoe jJAnasAmagrInA saMcayanI AvI saMsthAgata vyavasthA bahu jUnA samayathI nipajAvI lIdhI tethI prAcIna gujarAtI sAhitya A jaina jJAnabhaMDAromAM sacavAyeluM jeTaluM maLe che teTaluM anyatra kyAMya maLatuM nathI. jenetaro AvI saMsthAgata vyavasthA nipajAvI zakyA nahIM. emanI sAhityasAmagrI vyaktigata mAlikInA dhoraNe rahI ane tethI ghaNI to raphedaphe paNa thaI. Aje bAramIthI ogaNIsamI sadI sudhInA gujarAtI bhASAsAhityanA vikAsano dazakAvAra itihAsa maLI zake che. siMhAlInA apavAde bhAratIya AryakuLanI koI bhASAno Avo itihAsa paDato nathI ane jagatanAM bhASAsAhityomAM paNa AvA dAkhalAo ochA jaDavAnA. Ano yaza bahudhA A jaina jJAnabhaMDArone phALe jAya che. pothIo lakhAvavAnA kAryane dAnanAM sAta kSetromAM samAvI laIne jaina saMpradAye sAhityanA jatananI eka dRDha praNAlikA UbhI karI lIdhI eno lAbha UgatI ane vikasatI gujarAtI bhASAne ghaNo moTo maLyo. je jaina ane jainetara hastalikhita sAmagrI Aje prApya che enI tulanA rasaprada nIvaDe evI che. jaina gUrjara kavio' (saM. mohanalAla dalIcaMda desAI) jaina hastapratasAmagrInI eka saMkalita yAdI. che, jyAre "gujarAtI hAthamatonI saMkalita yAdI' (saM. kezavarAma kA. zAstrI) mukhyatve jainetara hastapratasAmagrInI saMkalita yAdI che. "jaina gUrjara kavio' je saMsthAgata ke vyaktigata hastapratasaMcayone samAve che tenI saMkhyA 200 jeTalI che, tyAre gujarAtI hAthapratonI saMkalita yAdImAM AvarI levAyelA saMsthAgata (gujarAta vidyAsabhA vagere avacIna saMsthAo) ane vyaktigata hastapratasaMcayo mAtra 9 che. "jaina gUrjara kavio'nA saMpAdaka mohanalAla dalIcaMda dezAIe nahIM joyelA hastapratasaMcayo to vadhArAnA. A hastapratasaMcayo keTalI sAmagrIne samAve che te vaLI eka judo muddo thAya. pATaNano hastapratasaMcaya vizeka hajAra pratono hoya, tyAre gujarAta vidyAsabhA ke phArbasa gujarAtI sabhAno hastapratasaMcaya hajArapaMdaraso pratono hoya. (badhe ja gujarAtI sivAyanI

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4 D madhyakAlIna gujarAtI jaina sAhitya hastapratono paNa AmAM samAveza che.) "jaina gUrjara kaviomAM eka ja katinI pacAsa-poNoso hastaprato paNa noMdhAyelI haze. tyAre gujarAtI hApratonI saMkalita yAdImAM eka kRtinI paMdara-vIsathI vadhAre hastaprato bhAgye ja noMdhAyelI. haze. A hakIkata paNa jaina hastapratasAmagrInI vipulatAno eka khyAla ApaNane Ape che. hastalikhita rUpe je jaina sAhitya upalabdha che enI tulanAe ghaNuM ochuM jaina sAhitya mudrita maLe che. tema chatAM madhyakALanuM je jaina sAhitya mudrita maLe che e jainetarone mukAbale ochuM nahIM hoya ema lAge che. ahIM paNa jaina graMthAlayo upayogI sevA pUrI pADe che. mudrita jaina graMtho koI ne koI graMthAlayamAMthI prApta thaI rahe che, jyAre vaiSNava vagere saMpradAyanA aneka mudrita graMthonI to bhALa paNa meLavavI muzkela banI rahe che. gujarAta vidyAsabhA jevI avacIna saMsthAomAM je kaMI sacavAyuM hoya te ja. e saMpradAyonAM potAnAM to koI samRddha graMthAlaya ja nathI. jema keTalAka jaina hastapratabhaMDAronI sUci pragaTa thayela che tema koIkoI jaina graMthAlaye paNa potAne tyAMnA mudrita graMthonI paNa sUci pragaTa karela che. jaina graMthasaMgrahonI eka saMkalita yAdI paNa ghaNAM varSo pahelAM prasiddha thayela che. sAhityanA jatana mATeno jainono A puruSArtha ghaNo judo tarI Ave evo che. A jJAnabhaMDAronI AjanI ane bhaviSyanI sthiti vize lakhavAnuM A sthAna nathI, paraMtu madhyakAlIna gujarAtI sAhityano itihAsa racavAmAM emano phALo ananya che emAM zaMkA nathI. vizALa dRSTinI jJAnopAsanA jaina jJAnabhaMDAronI eka lAkSaNikatAnI ahIM khAsa noMdha levI joIe. enA hastapratasaMcayomAM tema mudrita graMthasaMgrahomAM jainetara kRtio paNa saMgharAyelI maLe. jyotiSa, Ayurveda vagere sarvasAmAnya rasanA viSayo uparAMta kAvya. kAvyazAstra ane anya darzanonA graMtho paNa jaina bhaMDAromAMthI maLI rahe che. mudrita graMthasaMgrahanI yAdImAM "gItA" "upaniSada' jevA vibhAgo jovA maLe ane emAM A viSayonAM judIjudI dRSTie thayelAM nirUpaNovALA adyatana graMtho paNa hoya. kAnhaDade prabaMdha' jevI madhyakAlIna gujarAtInI eka atyaMta noMdhapAtra jainetara katinI hastaprata jaina bhaMDAramAMthI maLI che. kAjI mahamadanuM eka vairAgyabodhaka pada aneka jaina sajhAyasaMgrahomAM "manabhamarAnI sajhAya' tarIke samAveza pAmeluM che, eTaluM ja nahIM manabhamarAnI dezI'no paNa sollekha upayoga jaina gujarAtI sAhityamAM TheraThera thayelo che. Ano artha e che ke jainoe Itara paraMparAnuM jJAna meLavavAmAM ane enA ISTa aMzone AtmasAt karavAmAM saMkoca anubhavyo nathI. vastutaH potAnI sAhityaparaMparAne emaNe Itara paraMparAno lAbha laIne samRddha karI che. madhyakAlIna

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madhyakAlIna gujarAtI sAhityamAM jainonuM pradAna ] 5 gujarAtI sAhityamAM jainoe hiMdu paurANika kathAo naLadamayaMtInI, harizcandranI vagere no viniyoga karelo che, lAkSaNika jainetara kAvyaprakAro ke padyaprakAro horI, hAlaraDuM, gItA, lAvaNI, jakaDI, kuMDaLiyA, gajhala vagere ne apanAvI lIdhA che tathA bhaktimArgane jJAnamArganI keTalIka asaro paNa jhIlI che. premalakSaNAbhaktimAM saMbhavita evA anunaya, lADa, Asakti, virahavyAkuLatAnA bhAvo paNa keTalAMka tIrthaMkarastavanomAM jovA maLe che. Ama sthULa rIte temaja sUkSma rIte madhyakAlIna gujarAtI sAhityanI paraMparAne potAnI grahaNazIla vidhAyaka vRttithI jainoe sAcavI che ne samRddha karI che. sAhityanI vipulatA - madhyakAlIna gujarAtI sAhityamAM jaina sAhityanI vipulatA UDIne AMkhe vaLage evI che. chatAM eno sAco aMdAja Avavo muzkela che. gujarAtI sAhityakoze to pArasI, khojA, vaiSNava, svAminArAyaNa, kabIrapaMthI Adi aneka jainata2 nAnAmoTA kavione khUNekhAMcarethI zodhIne bahAra ANyA che tema chatAM atyArano aMdAja evo che ke kozamAM Azare 1600 jeTalA jaina kavio ane 500 jeTalA jainetara kavio Avaze. eTaleke jaina kavionuM pramANa 75 TakA jeTaluM haze. kRtiono aMdAja paNa lagabhaga Avo ja nIkaLe che. dIrgha racanAone alaga ane pada Adi laghu racanAone eka kRti lekhatAM kozamAM 3000 jeTalI jaina ane 1000 jeTalI jainetara kRtiono nirdeza AvavAno aMdAja che. ajJAtakartRka jaina bAlAvabodho vipula saMkhyAmAM maLe che e to judA. badhA jaina hastapratasaMcayonI yAdI mudrita thaI nathI - ane koza mudrita sAdhanonI sImAmAM rahyo che - eTale haju thoDuM vadhu jaina sAhitya hAtha AvavAno paNa saMbhava rahe che. e sAcI vAta che ke jainoe potAnA sAhityanI sAcavaNInI eka sudRDha vyavasthA UbhI karI hatI tethI kudaratI ke rAjakIya Apattioe emanI graMthasaMpattine khAsa nukasAna karyuM nathI. A vyavasthA UbhI karavAmAM jainonI jJAnaruci uparAMta emanI Arthika saMpannatAne paNa kAraNabhUta lekhI zakAya. jainetaro potAnI sUjhane abhAve ke Arthika anukULatAne abhAve AvI vyavasthA UbhI karI zakyA nahIM tethI vyaktigata rIte sacavAtI emanI graMthasaMpattine kauTuMbika, kudaratI, rAjakIya ApattionA bhoga banavuM paDyuM haze. ApaNI pAse Aje bacyuM che tenAthI ThIkaThIka vadhAre jainetara sAhitya racAyuM hovAno saMbhava che. Ama chatAM jainoe jainetaro karatAM vizeSa pramANamAM sAhityasarjana karyuM hovAnuM mAnavAmAM koI bAdha jaNAto nathI. samagra gujarAtI samAjamAM jainonuM je pramANa che te jotAM jaina sAhityanI A vipulatA khAsa noMdhapAtra bane che.

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da D madhyakAlIna gujarAtI jaina sAhitya gujarAtI bhASAsAhityano prAraMbha gujarAtI bhASAnA sAhityano prAraMbha jenone hAthe thayelo dekhAya che. canA varSa dharAvatI sauthI pahelI jaina kRti zAlibhadrasUrino 'bharatezvarabAhubali rAsa' (I.sa. 1185) che, jyAre racanAvarSa dharAvatI sauthI pahelI jainetara kRti asAItanI hiMsAulI' (I.sa.1371) che. vajasenasUrikRta 'bharatezvarabAhubali ghora'nuM racanAvarSa maLatuM nathI paNa e kRti I.sa.1170 pUrvenI racanA hovAnuM jaNAya che. Ano artha e thayo ke jaina racanA pachI cheka 200 varSe jainetara racanA maLe che. prAraMbhakALanI jainetara kRtio sacavAI na hoya ane racanAvarSa vagaranI ajJAtakaka 'vasaMtavilAsa' jevI jainetara jaNAtI kRti thoDI vahelI racAyelI hoya ema mAnIe topaNa UgatI gujarAtI bhASAmAM racanA karavAnuM paheluM sAhasa jaina kavioe karyuM haze ema mAnavuM yogya lAge che. dharmapracAramAM pratibaddha jaina muni-kavioe potAnA samayanI lokabhASAmAM sAhityaracanA karavAnuM icchavuM hoya e svAbhAvika che. pachIthI paNa jaina kavioe je vipula pramANamAM sAhityasarjana karyuM rAkhyuM emAM paNa A dhamabhiniveza kAma karI rahyo che. jaina kavigaNa gujarAtI bhASAnA jaina kavio te moTe bhAge sAdhukavio che. gRhasthAzramI zrAvaka kavio to ghaNI alpa saMkhyAmAM che. sAhityakozamAM aMdAjAyelA 1600 jeTalA madhyakALanA jaina kaviomAM zrAvaka kavio to pacAsekathI vadhAre thavAnI dhAraNA nathI. eTaleke zrAvaka kavionuM pramANa be-traNa TakA jeTaluM ja che. Ano artha e che ke jenomAM dekhAto vidyAvyAsaMga te emanA sAdhuo pUrato maryAdita che. jainadharmI zrAvakavarga te mukhyatve vaNika jJAtino banelo che ane e vaNika jJAti vepArI prajA che. eNe paisA kamAIne vidyA-vRddhi arthe dAna karavAmAM ane kathA-vyAkhyAnanuM zravaNa karavAmAM saMtoSa mAnyo jaNAya che. jaina kaviomAM sAdhvIonI saMkhyA atyaMta alpa pramANamAM che, mAMDa eka Tako nIkaLe. paraMtu A to samagra bhAratIya samAjanI khAsiyata che. emAM strIo bahudhA azikSita rahI che. madhyakAlIna gujarAtI sAhityamAM jainetara strIkavio paNa bahu ochI saMkhyAmAM maLe che. joke jena sAdhvIo azikSita na gaNAya, kemake jainoe potAnAM sAdhusAdhvIone bhaNAvavAnI vyavasthA svIkArelI che. anya strIvargamAMthI paNa keTaloka bhAga bhaNelo haze evuM anumAna thAya che kemake hastaprato strIonA paThanArthe lakhAyelI hovAnA ullekho maLe che. madhyakALanA jaina sAdhukaviomAM rAjasthAna taraphanA sAdhukavionuM pramANa kadAca moTuM hovA saMbhava che. AnuM kAraNa rAjasthAna taraphano sAdhuvarga ja moTo hovAnuM jaNAya che. I.sa.15mI sadI sudhI to gujarAta-rAjasthAnanI lagabhaga sahiyArI bhASA hatI ane jaina sAdhuo rAjasthAna-gujarAtamAM vihAra karatA rahyA

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madhyakAlIna gujarAtI sAhityamAM jainonuM pradAna che tethI emanI pAsethI gujarAtI bhASAnI kRtio maLI rahI che. keTalAye kaviomAM ApaNane mizra bhASA jovA maLe che ane mukhyatve rAjasthAnImAM lakhanAra kavi pAsethI paNa ekabe mukhyatve gujarAtI kahI zakAya evI racanAo maLI Ave che. ghaNA jaina kavioe vipula pramANamAM sAhityasarjana karyuM che. yazovijaya, jinaharSa, samayasundara jevA keTalAkanI kRtio to zatAdhika thavA jAya. (emAM gujarAtI sivAyanI bhASAonI racanAo paNa hoya.) kevaLa rAsakRtiono vicAra karIe topaNa jinaharSa pAsethI 35, samayasuMdara pAsethI 21 ane zrAvaka kavi RSabhadAsa pAsethI 32 rAsakRtio maLe che. jinaharSa to jANe jainonA zAmaLa che. paraMparAmAM jANItA ghaNAkharA viSayavastu para emaNe potAnI rAsaracanAo karI che. A to thoDAMka jANItAM nAmo thayAM. jemanuM kazuM mudrita nathI evA eka amavijaye paNa vIseka rAsakRtionI racanA karI che. ApaNA sAhityanA itihAsomAM AvA keTalAka kaviono mAtra nAmollekha haze (jemake jinaharSa) to ghaNAno nAmollekha paNa nahIM hoya (jemake amaravijaya). pAMca-sAta rAsakRtio ane noMdhapAtra saMkhyAmAM stavanAdi prakAranI kRtio racanAra jaina kavio to moTI saMkhyAmAM nIkaLe. 7 jaina kavione hAthe vipula sAhityasarjana thayuM tenAM keTalAMka kAraNo che. jaina sAdhuone samayanI pUratI mokaLAza rahI che. te uparAMta ghaNA jaina sAdhuo ghaNI nAnI uMmare AThadaza varSanI uMmare dIkSita thayA hoya che ane dharma tathA kAvyanI paraMparAnuM thoDuM zikSaNa maLatAM ja sAhityaracanA tarapha vaLI gayA hoya che. eTale to keTalAka jaina sAdhuono kvanakALa khAsso moTo maLe che. raghupati (rUpavallabha)no kavanakALa 77 varSano che ! jemano kavanakALa 40-50 varSa sudhI vistarato hoya evA paNa kavio ThIkaThIka saMkhyAmAM che - jayavaMtasUri, padmavijaya, mAlamuni, vIravijaya vagere. jaina sAdhukavioe mokaLAzathI lakhyuM che enuM eka pariNAma emanI kRtionI laMbAImAM paNa AvyuM che. jinaharSano 'zatruMjayamAhAtmya rAsa' 8500 kaDI sudhI ane padmavijayano samarAdityakevaLI rAsa' 9000 kaDI sudhI vistare che ! A jaina kavigaNanI eka vizeSatA khAsa noMdhapAtra che. emAMnA ghaNA vyutpanna paMDito che. potAnA sAdhuone paMDito rAkhIne bhASA, jaina mata, anya darzano ne kAvyasAhityano sudhdhAM abhyAsa karAvavAnI prathA jaina saMpradAye vikasAvI che. jaina sAdhukavio potAnI kRtiomAM potAnA dIkSAguru uparAMta vidyAguruno ullekha karatA hoya che temAM AvA paMDito e moTe bhAge brAhmaNa paMDito hovAnA nAM nAma paNa jovA maLe che. jemake udayasAgaraziSyamaMgalamANikye potAnA 'aMbavidyAdhara rAsa'mAM bhAnu bhaTTano ullekha karyo che te emane zikSaNa ApanAra -

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8 ] madhyakAlIna gujarAtI jaina sAhitya koI paMDita jaNAya che. jainoe karelA A prabaMdhane kAraNe bhASAvid, zAstrajJAnI ne kAvyAbhyAsI jaina kavio ApaNane noMdhapAtra pramANamAM maLI rahe che. A kavio pAsethI gujarAtI temaja itara bhASAonI vividha prakAranI racanAo paNa ApaNane prApta thAya che. A jAtanA becAra kavionI ahIM namUnA tarIke noMdha laIe. samayasuMdara saMskRta, prAkRta, apabhraMza, mAravADI, hiMdI, gujarAtI, siMdhI ema vividha bhASAo para prabhutva dharAvatA hatA. saMskRtamAM emaNe kAvya, nyAya, chaMda, vyAkaraNa, jyotiSazAstra vagere viSayonI aneka kRtio racI che. yazovijaya paNa AvI sajjatA dharAvatA hatA. emaNe kAzI jaIne navya nyAyano ane Sadarzanono abhyAsa karyo hato. e bIjA hemacaMdrAcArya ane jaina saMpradAyanA zaMkarAcArya gaNAyA che. guNivanaye potAnI sAhityika kArakirdIno AraMbha ja 'khaMDaprazasti' jevA kaThina kAvya uparanI TIkAthI karelo ane 'nalacaMpU' 'raghuvaMza' jevA kAvyagraMtho 52 paNa emaNe TIkA racelI. 12000 zlokomAM vistaratI emanI saMgrahAtmaka kRti 'hUMDikA'mAM 150 uparAMta graMthono nirdeza che te A kavinI sajjatAnuM bolatuM pramANa che. jayavaMtasUrie 'kAvyaprakAza' paranI TIkAnA eka graMthanI hastaprata taiyAra karAvI bhaMDAramAM mukAvI hatI e emanA sAhityazAstranA abhyAsano nirdeza kare che. jayazekharasUrie saMskRtamAM "prabodhaciMtAmaNi' (jenuM emaNe ja kareluM gujarAtI rUpa tribhuvanadIpaka prabaMdha' nAmathI jANItuM che) uparAMta 'nala-damayaMtIcaMpU' ane 'jainakumArasaMbhavamahAkAvya' jevI kRtio racI che. keTalAka jaina kavio jemake khAnajI, dharmavardhana vrajabhASAnI ane cAraNI kavitAzailInuM prabhutva batAve che. khemasAgara jevA to urdUmizra gujarAtImAM paNa racanA (pazcimAdhIza chaMda') kare che. TUMkamAM gujarAtI bhASAnA jaina kavio potAnI anekavidha sajjatAthI judA tarI Ave che. emanI A sajjatAno pratyakSa-parokSa lAbha svAbhAvika rIte ja emanI gujarAtI kRtione paNa maLyo hoya. IzvarasUrinuM lalitAMganarezvara caritra' A rIte eka lAkSaNika kRti che. emAM gujarAtI uparAMta prAkRta ane apabhraMza bhASAmAM racAyelA aMzo che ne indravajrA, vastu, duhA, kuMDaLiyA vagere saMskRtaapabhraMza-hiMdI chaMdobaMdha-kAvyabaMdha tathA aDillAUbolI, varNanabolIne yamakabolIne nAme oLakhAvAyelA baMdho paNa vaparAyA che. subhASitarUpa saMskRta zloko ne prAkRta gAthAo to aneka kavio potAnI kRtimAM gUMthe che. jIvanaciMtana, kathAsAmagrI, varNano, alaMkAraracanA, chaMdobaMdha paratve paraMparAno samRddha vAraso jhIlIne eka prakAranI kavitvaprauDhi pragaTa karatA jaina kavio sArI saMkhyAmAM najare paDe che. gujarAtI kRti evuM gauravabharyuM sthAna paNa meLavI zake che ke eno saMskRtamAM anuvAda thAya. lAvaNyasamayakRta vimalaprabaMdha' parathI saubhAgyAnaMdasUrie saMskRtamAM "vimalacaritra' racyuM che. yazovijayanA 'dravyaguNaparyAya rAsa' uparI

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madhyakAlIna gujarAtI sAhityamAM jainonuM pradAna [ 9 bhojasAgare saMskRtamAM dravyAnuyogatakaNA' nAme graMtha racyo che. sarjananAM vipulatA-vaividhya ane sAhityakaLAnA koI ne koI unmeSathI dhyAna kheMcI zake tevA yazovijaya, lAvaNyasamaya, samayasuMdara, jinaharSa, RSabhadAsa, udayaratna, sahajasuMdara, guNavinaya, jayavaMtasUri, kavibahAdura' tarIke oLakhAyelA dipavijaya ane aneka bIjA kavione gujarAtI sAhityano ItihAsa racavAmAM yogya rIte upayogamAM levAnA bAkI che. e tyAre ja thaI zake, jyAre jaina sAhityano vyApakatAthI, UMDANathI ane sUjhathI abhyAsa thAya. jarUra che AvA abhyAsIonI. jaina sAhityanA viSayo madhyakALanA jaina sAhityano ghaNo moTo bhAga kathAtmaka kavitAno che, je rAsa' 'copAI' Adi vividha nAmothI oLakhAya che. emAM caritrakathAo che, ItihAsakathAo che, paurANika-dhArmika kathAo che, laukika kathAo che ane rUpakakathAo paNa che. jaina gUrjara kavioe jaina kathAkoza Apyo che temAM 400 jeTalI kathAono samAveza che. gujarAtImAM kadAca A badhI ja jaina kathAo UtarI na AvI hoya. paraMtu bIjI bAju, jaina kavioe hiMdu paraMparAnAM rAmAyaNa, mahAbhArata AdinAM kathAvastuone upayogamAM lIdhAM che. bRhatkathAnI paraMparAnAM aneka laukika kathAvastuno viniyoga karyo che, kvacita kAvyasAhityanI sAmagrIno Azraya lIdho che (jemake, dharmasamudrano 'zakuMtalA rAsa'), kvacita samakAlIna sAmAjika paristhitimAMthI kathAviSaya upADyo che (jemake, kanyAvikraya ane vRddhalagnanI aniSTatA batAvato phakIracaMdano "buDhAno rAsa) to kvacita rojiMdA jIvananA prasaMganuM vinodAtmaka Alekhana paNa karyuM che (jemake, kahAnajInA "mAMkaNa rAsamAM potAne bIjAe cImaTI bharI che ema mAnI patipatnI jhaghaDI paDe che paNa vastutaH e mAMkaDano caTako hoya che ne chevaTe mAMkaDa pAse rAjAnA sainya paNa hAra svIkAravI paDe che evuM kathAvastu nirUpAyuM che). gujarAtI jaina sAhityamAM vaparAyelAM kathAvastunI prAthamika yAdI ja 250nI saMkhyAe pahoMce che, jaina sAhityanI tapAsapUrvaka yAdI thAya to e thoDI moTI nIvaDe evo saMbhava che. madhyakAlIna kathAvArasAmAM jainonuM A pradAna ghaNuM moTuM kahevAya. rUpakakathAo to kazAka dharmavicArane mUrtimaMta karatI hoya. paNa anya kathAone paNa jainoe potAnA dhArmika siddhAMtanA pratipAdana arthe yojI hoya che. dAna, zIla, vairAgyabhAvanAno puraskAra ane karmaphaLanA siddhAMtanuM digdarzana e jaina kathAomAM AvatA mukhya vicAraviSayo che. A uparAMta navakAramaMtra ke siddhacakrapUjAno mahimA, aparigraha vagere viSayo paNa emAM gUMthAtA hoya che. jaina sAhityano eka moTo jaththo te bAlAvabodha. stabaka ke TabAne nAme oLakhAtI gadyaracanAono che. A racanAo saMskRta, prAkRta ke kvacita gujarAtI

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10 [] madhyakAlIna gujarAtI jaina sAhitya bhASAnA koI mULa graMthanA anuvAda, samajUtI ke zabdArtha Ape che. bAlAvabodhono viSayavistAra khAsa dhyAna kheMce evo che. jaina saiddhAntika ane anya sAMpradAyika kRtionA bAlAvabodho racAya jemake karmaprakRti, SaDAvazyaka vagere vizenA bAlAvabodho e to samajAya, paNa te uparAMta chaMdazAstra, alaMkArazAstra, yogazAstra, Ayurveda, gaNitazAstra, jyotiSa, sAmudrikazAstra, 2malazAstra, taMtrazAstra Adi aneka viSayonA bAlAvabodho prApta thAya e dhyAna kheMcyA vinA na rahe, jemake, A samayamAM 'vAgbhaTAlaMkAra' jevA alaMkArazAstranA mahattvanA graMthano anuvAda paNa thayo che. jaina sAdhuonI vyApaka jJAnopAsanAno eka khyAla A parathI Ave che, te uparAMta anya bhASAnI kRtionI temaja gujarAtI bhASAnI kaThina ke tattvArthabharI racanAonI samajUtI racavAmAM lokazikSaNanA eka mahAprayatnanI paNa jhAMkhI thAya che. jaina sAhityano bAkIno moTo bhAga stavana-sajhAyAdi prakAranI laghu racanAono che. emAM tIrthaMkaro ne puNyazloka sAdhuvarono guNAnuvAda hoya che tathA koI kathAdRSTAMtane AdhAre ke svataMtra rIte jaina saMpradAyane abhimata dhArmika ne naitika AcAravicArano upadeza hoya che. to AnaMdaghana, vinayavijaya, yazovijaya vageree kabIrAdinI paraMparAnAM, sAMpradAyikatAthI upara UThatA vizALa adhyAtmabhAvanAM pado paNa ApyAM che. jaina paraMparA aMbikA Adi mAtAono svIkAra kare che, tethI emanI stutinI paNa keTalIka racanAo maLe che. kaliyuganAM lakSaNa, roTIno mahimA, tAva utAravAno maMtra jevA keTalAka sarvasAmAnya viSayone paNa jaina kavioe AvarI lIdhA che. jaina sAhityano A viSayavyApa batAve che ke jaina sAdhukavioe sAMpradAyika rahIne paNa potAnI bhAvavicArasAmagrImAM ghaNA moTA jagatano samAveza karyo che. dastAvejI mUlya ApaNI eka chApa evI che ke madhyakAlIna gujarAtI sAhityamAMthI tatkAlIna itihAsanI sAmagrI pramANamAM ochI jaDe che ane je jaDe che te parokSa rIte ja vaNAyelI hoya che. madhyakAlIna sAhitya bahudhA paurANika ane laukika kathAkathana ane vairAgyabhaktigAnamAM ja racyuMpacyuM rahyuM che. A chApa jainetara sAhitya pUratI sAcI ja che. emAM aitihAsika prasaMgane anulakSIne racAyelI 'raNamalla chaMda' ne 'kAnhaDade prabaMdha' jevI kRtio jANe apavAda rUpe ja maLe che ane narasiMha mahetA viSayaka ke anya caritrAtmaka kRtio paNa gaNIgAMThI che. jaina sAhitya A dRSTie ekadama juduM tarI Ave che. emAM vimalamaMtrI, vastupAla-tejapAla, kumArapAla Adi itihAsaprasiddha puruSo, hIravijayasUri Adi munivaro ane vakhatacaMda zeTha Adi zreSThIonuM vIgate caritravarNana karatA DhagalAbaMdha rAsa che. aneka munionA nirvANa prasaMge emanuM ciratranirUpaNa karatA

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madhyakAlIna gujarAtI sAhityamAM jainonuM pradAna [ 11 rAsa lakhAyelA maLe che. AvA aitihAsika ke caritrAtmaka rAsonI saMkhyA 100 jeTalI thavA jAya che. A uparAMta, zreSThIoe kADhelI saMghayAtrAone, jinamaMdironA pratiSThAmahotsavone temaja caityaparipATIone varNavatI paNa ghaNI kRtio maLe che. A kRtiomAM rAjakIya, sAmAjika, kauTuMbika, bhaugolika vagere prakAranI vipula dastAvejI mAhitI noMdhAyelI che. jemake, zAMtidAsa ane vakhatacaMda zeThano rAsa eka lAMbI kulakathA Ape che, hIravijayasUri rAsa' hIravijayasUrinA janmasthaLa pAlanapurano itihAsa rajU karavA uparAMta akabara sAtheno emano prasaMga Alekhe che ane "samarA rAsa' lAMbI tIrthayAtrAnAM aneka sthaLo vizenI mAhitIthI bharelo che. A prakAranA jaina rAsAomAM tatkAlIna rAjavIo ne zreSThIo ullekhAtA hoya che, vastrAbhUSaNo, ne sAmAjika rUDhirivAjonAM citraNo thatAM hoya che ne aitihAsika-sAmAjika dRSTie mahattvanI bIjI paNa ghaNIbadhI nAnImoTI vigato paDelI hoya che. jaina munio vize tathA tIrtha ke tIdiva vize stavana-gIta Adi prakAranI aneka laghu racanAo thayelI che temAM paNa keTalIka aitihAsika-sAmAjika mAhitI paDelI che. uparAMta jaina kavio potAnI lAMbI kRtiomAM potAnI guruparaMparA ne racanAnAM sthaLasamayanI mAhitI lagabhaga acUka gUMthe che, to ghaNI vAra emAM samakAlIna AcAya. gurubaMdhuo. preraka vyaktio tathA racanAsthaLanA rAjavIo-zreSThIono nirdeza thato hoya che ne nagaravarNana paNa thatuM hoya che. jaina sAdhuonI guruparaMparA noMdhatI paTTAvalIo paNa ghaNI racAyelI che. gujarAtano rAjakIyasAmAjika, bhaugolika itihAsa racavAmAM jaina sAhityamAMthI maLatI A sAmagrIno keTalo upayoga thayo che e huM jANato nathI, paraMtu bahu jhAjho upayoga thayo hovAnI AzA nathI. e moTo prayatna paNa mAge. paNa itihAsanA abhyAsIo evo prayatna karaze to e phaLadAyI nIvaDyA vinA nahIM rahe evo vizvAsa che. mudrita kRtio paNa ghaNI vipula sAmagrI ApI zake tema che. prakAranaividhya madhyakAlIna jaina sAhityamAM kAvyabaMdha ane padabaMdhanuM je vaividhya najare paDe che te asAdhAraNa che. jaina sAhityamAM vaparAyelAM prakAravAcaka nAmo 200 jeTalAM che. nAmonI A sRSTi mUMjhavanArI paNa che, kemake emAM aneka prakAranI kRtio mATe eka nAma yojAyeluM jovA maLe che tema eka ja prakAranI kRtio judAMjudAM nAmathI paNa oLakhAvAyelI dekhAya che. jemake "rAsa' sAmAnya rIte lAMbI kathAtmaka kRti mATe vaparAtI saMjJA che paNa thoDAka upadezAtmaka ke varNanAtmaka rAsa paNa maLe che ane nAnI prasaMzAtmaka kRti paNa "rAsa' tarIke oLakhAvAyelI che. bIjI bAjuthI kathAtmaka kRtio rAsa' uparAMta "copAI "carita caritra' prabaMdha kathA" e nAmothI oLakhAvAyelI che ane 'sajhAya' 'chaMda' "saloko' 'vivAhalu' e nAmothI racAyelI

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12 D madhyakAlIna gujarAtI jaina sAhitya kRtiomAM paNa caritrakathA prApta thatI hoya che. vastutaH A prakAranAmo sAhityakRtinAM viSayavastu, prayojana, racanArIti, chaMdobaMdha, kaDI saMkhyA vagere aneka kAraNothI astitvamAM AvyAM che ne potAnA mULa saMketonI maryAdA emaNe ghaNI vAra choDI paNa dIdhI che. AthI ja gUMcavADo thAya evI sthiti UbhI thaI che. dAkhalA tarIke, "vivAhala' eTale vivAhaprasaMganA. varNananuM kAvya. emAM jaina muninA saMyamasuMdarI sAthenA vivAhanuM - dIkSA prasaMganuM varNana thAya paNa e nimitte samagra caritranuM Alekhana thayeluM paNa jovA maLe che. 'rAsa' mULabhUta rIte samUhanRtya sAthe gavAtI kRti. emAM koI paNa viSaya AvI zake. paNa pachIthI e saMjJA bahudhA lAMbI kathAtmaka kRti mATe vaparAvA lAgI. sajhAya' eTale svAdhyAya. dharma-adhyAtmaciMtana mATenI kRti e nAmathI oLakhAya. emAM dhArmika AcAravicAronuM kathana hoya tema dhArmika AcAravicArabodhaka dRSTAMtakathAonuM nirUpaNa paNa hoya. "kakko' 'saMvAdavivAda racanArIti darzAvatAM prakAranAmo che, "chaMda' "copAI' "savaiyA' vagere chaMdobaMdhane anulakSIne AvelAM nAmo che, to "coDhALiyAM' "batrIsI' "coka' vagere DhALa ke kaDInI saMkhyAne AdhAre paDelAM nAmo che. jaina kavioe kheDelA A sAhityaprakAronI pAchaLa judIjudI paraMparAono lAbha levAnI emanI vRtti dekhAI Ave che. emAM 'prabaMdha' jevA saMskRtanA prakAro che. saMdhi' jevA apabhraMzanA prakAro che, chaMda jevA saMbhavataH cAraNI paraMparAmAMthI AvelA prakAro che, to pAlaNuM hAlariyuM: 'AratI "horI' "dhamAra/dhamAla' "gItA" vagere jainetara paraMparAmAMthI apanAvelA prakAro paNa che. emAM "rAma" "phAgu' jevA jaina gujarAtI sAhityamAM ja vikaselA prakAro che, tema kakko' bAramAsI vagere jaina-jainetara banne paraMparAmAM samAna evA prakAro paNa che. | badhA prakvaronI samajUtI ApavI ahIM zakya nathI kemake, AgaLa kahyuM tema, dareka prakAranAmano viziSTa itihAsa che ne enA saMketo pravAhI rahyA che. ahIM digdarzanano hetu hovAthI badhA prakAronI samajUtI ApavI jarUrI paNa nathI. tema chatAM jaina sAhityamAM jovA maLatA prakAranaividhyano pUro khyAla enI yAdI karyA vinA Avavo muzkela che. tethI prakAranAmonI eka namUnArUpa yAdI to karIe ja vistRta yAdI "jaina gUrjara kaviobIjI AvRtti, bhA.7mAM joI zakAze) : - rAsa, prabaMdha, copAI, carita/caritra, kathA, AkhyAna, saMdhi, pavADo, loko, vivAhalu, veli carcarI, phAgu, bAramAsI. horI, dhamAra/dhamAla, vasaMta, garabo, garabI, navarasa, hamacaDI/hamacI pUjA (snAtrapUjA, paMcakalyANakapUjA vagere), AratI, caityavaMdana. stavastivana, stotra, stutithoya, gahaeNlI, vizapivinaMtI. relayA, pAlaNuM hAlariyuM

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madhyakAlIna gujarAtI sAhityamAM jainonuM pradAna 13 sajhAya, pada, gIta, dhavala/dhoLa, lAvaNI, gajhala, drupada kakko, mAtRkA, tithi, vAra, prahelikA, ukhANAM, subhASita, hariyALI,hiyALI, kaDakho, hUMbaDAM, akhiyAM, hUMDI, lUara patra, saMvAdavivAda chappaya, kuMDaLiyA/caMdrAvaLA, jakaDI, savaiyA, kavita, chaMda, DhALa, DhALiyAM, bhAsa, kalaza caityaparipATI/caityapravADI, paTTAvalI gurvAvalI muktaka, kulaka, ekavIso, batrIsI, chatrIsI, pacIsI, bAvanI, bahoterI, zataka, coDhALiyAM, SaTaDhALiyAM, (tIrthaMkaronI) vIsI, covIsI thokaDA, bola, vanikA, vyAkhyAna, Tippanaka (A prakAro padya rUpe tema gadya rUpe hovA saMbhava che.) bAlAvabodha, stabaka, To, auktika, varNaka, bolI (A prakAro sAmAnya rIte gadya rUpe prApta thAya che.) ahIM e noMdhavuM joIe ke 'ciratra' ke 'kathA'no prakAra paNa pagha uparAMta gadya rUpe prApta thAya che. prakA2nAmonI A sUci jaina kavioe kevI sarvagrAhitArthI sAhityapravRtti karI che eno khyAla nathI ApatI zuM ? sAhityika guNavattA gItA, bhramaragItA/bhramaragIta, madhyakALanuM moTA bhAganuM sAhitya dhArmika prayojanathI racAyeluM che. paNa bhaktimArgamAM rasAtmakatAne sahaja rIte ja avakAza maLyo che ane jainetara kathAkAroe lokaraMjananI dRSTi rAkhI kathArasa siddha karavA tarapha pUratuM lakSa ApyuM che. jaina sAhitya ene mukAbale dhArmika hetune vadhu custatAthI, pragaTapaNe, bhArapUrvaka ane sAMpradAyika arthamAM vaLage che. AnuM kAraNa e che ke jaina sAhityanA racanArA bahudhA saMsAravirakta sAdhuo hatA. AkhyAna jevo jainetara kathAprakAra paNa maMdiranA prAMgaNane choDIne cauTA sudhI Avyo tyAre jaina rAsAo upAzraya sAthe ja saMkaLAyelA rahyA. tethI dharmabodhano hetu emAM pradhAna rahyo ane lokaraMjana gauNa sthAne rahyuM. nAyaka-nAyikAnA jIvananuM paryavasAna haMmezAM sAdhudIkSAmAM Ave e jAtanuM jaina rAsAomAM maLatuM nirUpaNa AvA dharmAbhinivezanuM pariNAma che. jaina dharmanI dRSTie vairAgya e jIvananuM carama lakSya ne mokSanuM dvAra che. koI ne koI rIte jaina dharmanA upadezane vaNI levAnI jaina kavionI khAsiyata eTalI vyApaka ane dRDha che ke jaina vi evA valaNathI mukta rahIne sAhityaracanA karI ja na zake ema manAyuM che. 'vasaMtavilAsa' jevI kevaLa rasAtmaka kRtine jainetara gaNavA pAchaLa A eka dalIla hamezAM rahI che. paNa samagra jaina

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14 D madhyakAlIna gujarAtI jaina sAhitya sAhitya tarapha dRSTipAta karIe tyAre jaina dharmanuM tattva dAkhala karyA vinA racAyelI thoDIka kRtio jarUra maLI Ave che. jemake lisUrikRta virATaparva'mAM jaina dharmano upadeza ke mahimA karavAnI taka kavie jarAye lIdhI nathI. AraMbhamAM namaskAra paNa sarasvatIne ja karyA che, koI jaina tIrthakarane nahIM. kavie kAvyamAM kathArasa ane varNanarasa jamAvavA tarapha ja lakSa rAkhyuM che. kuzaLalAbhe paNa "mAruDholA copAImAM pracalita lokakathAne jaina dharmopadezaka kathAmAM DhALavAno lobha rAkhyo nathI. jayavaMtasUrita sthUlibhadra kozA premavilAsa phAga'mAM vastu jaina paraMparAmAMthI lIdheluM che, paNa kavie kozAnI sthUlibhadra mATenI Asaktine varNavavAmAM ja rasa lIdho che, sthUlibhadra kozAne pratibodhe che e aMta sudhI kAvyane e kheMcI gayA nathI, UlaTuM aMte saune svajanamilananuM sukha maLajo evI phalazruti ApI che. jayavaMtasUrinA A kAvyamAM paNa koI jaina tIrthaMkarano ullekha nathI. vipula jaina sAhityamAMthI AvA udAharaNo ThIkaThIka saMkhyAmAM maLI AvavA saMbhava che. jaina sAhitya eTale dhamapadezanA vaLagaNavALuM ja sAhitya e pUrvagrahathI bacIne cAlavA jevuM che. jaina kavioe dharmopadezanA hetuthI lakhyuM hoya topaNa emAM sAhityakaLAno AviSkAra na hoI zake ema to kema mAnI zakAya ? jaina kRtiomAM je bodha vaNAyelo hoya che te sAMpradAyika rUDha AcAravicArono ja bodha nathI hoto, vizALa jIvanabodhanAM tattvo paNa emAM hoya che. RSabhadAsano 'hitazikSA rAsa' vyavahArajIvananI kevI nAnInAnI bAbato - UThavA besavA, khAvApIvA vagerenI -- ne samAvI le che ! jaina kavio bhASAnuM dhyAna kheMce evuM baLa pragaTa karatA hoya che. emanI pAse vidagdha saMskRta vANInI sajjatA hoya che. apabhraMza ane dezya bhASAono zabdavAraso hoya che ne lokavANInA viniyoganI kSamatA paNa hoya che. rUDhoktio, kahevato ne vAchaTAothI bharelI emanI bhASAbhivyakti asarakAraka banatI hoya che ne emAM upadeza paNa manorama rUpa dhAraNa karato hoya che. saMskRta, prAkRta, hiMdI vageremAMthI udbhUta ne svaracita subhASitonI ne lokagamya dRSTAMtonI gUMthaNI paNa upadezAtmaka aMzane rasALatA ape che. kuzaLalAbhanI mAdhavAnalakAmakaMdalA copAI', nayasuMdaranI 'naLadamayaMtI rAsa' jevI keTalIka kRtio subhASitonI pracuratAthI dhyAna kheMce che, to jayavaMtasUri "zRMgAramaMjarI'mAM snehaviSayaka subhASitono dhodha vahevaDAve che. jinezvarasUriziSya jagaDunI samyakatvamAI caupaI che jJAnaviSayaka, paNa lokoktio ne draSTAMtonA viniyogathI e rasALa banI che. kavi pote kahe che ke "hasyane miSe copAIbaMdha karyo." jaina kavionI A bhASAsajjatA tarapha ApaNuM lakSa ghaNuM ochuM gayuM che. vizALa jaina sAhityane bhASAbhivyaktinI dRSTie koI tapAsaze tyAre ene aneka AkarSaka sthAno jaDI Avaze.

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madhyakAlIna gujarAtI sAhityamAM jainonuM pradAna U 15 bodhaka sAhityamAM paNa racanA cAturyane avakAza hoya che. RSabhadAsa potAnI kRtiomAM dAMta ane jIbha vacce jevA vividha prakAranA saMvAdono Azraya le che ane vinodanI taka paNa jhaDape che. AvI keTalIka svataMtra saMvAdaracanAo paNa maLe che, jemake abhayasomano "karasaMvAda', Asigano "kRpaNagRhiNI saMvAda', lAvaNyasamayanA "sUryadIvAvAda chaMda' "gorIsAMvalI gItavivAda vagere. kathayitavyane rUpakakathAnA ghATamAM mUkI ApavAnuM paNa eka kauzala che. jayazekharasUrino 'tribhuvanadIpaka prabaMdha', jinadAsano vyApArI rAsa' vagere A prakAranI racanAo che. 'tribhuvanadIpaka prabaMdha'nA dIrgha kathAbaMdhamAM jaTila rUpakazreNIne yogyatAthI nibhAvI batAvavAmAM enA katanuM vidagdhatAbharyuM racanAkauzala pragaTa thAya che. madhyakALanAM keTalAMka viziSTa kavikauzalo hatAM - samasyAcAturI, alaMkAracAturI, padyabaMdhacAturI vagere. A kauzalo barAbara rIte hastagata karyA hoya evA keTalAbadhA jaina kavio maLe che ! AraMbhakALanI eka jaina kRti - hIrANaMdanI vidyAvilAsa pavADamAM kevI sAhajika camatkArabharelI samasyAcanA jovA maLe che ! - sAra kisiu jIvI taNau ? priyasaMgami siE thAI ? phUla mAMhi siluM mUlagauM? strI paraNi kihAM jAI? sAsarai jAI. chellA praznanA javAbamAM badhA praznanA javAba samAviSTa che. jemake, pahelA praznano javAba che "sAsa' (zvAsa), bIjA praznano javAba che "raI' (rati), trIjA praznano javAba che "jAI' (jAti e phUla), chellA praznano javAba che "sAsarai jAI." jayavaMtasUrinI "zRMgAramaMjarI'mAM kUTa samasyAo che, samasyAno uttara samasyAmAM hoya evuM bane che ne kAvyamaya - bhAvagarbha samasyAo paNa che. samasyAracanAno vyApa keTalo che eno khyAla e parathI Avaze ke RSabhadAsa potAnI kRtionAM racanAsthaLa, racanAsamaya vagere paNa samasyAthI nirdeze che. kAMtivijayanI "hIrAvedha batrIsI' saLaMga gleSaracanAnI eka lAkSaNika kRti che. emAM che to rAvaNane maMdodarIe Apelo upadeza, paNa zabdaracanA evI che ke emAM eka kaDImAM gAmanAM nAmo, bIjI kaDImAM rAzinAM nAmo. trIjI kaDImAM phaLanAM nAmo ema batrIse kaDImAM judAMjudAM nAmo vaMcAya che. jemake, rAjana gara sama eha nArI, kAM AdarI ANo. A paMktino prastuta artha che - he rAjA, nArI to viSa (gara) samAna. ene tame kema laI AvyA cho ?' paNa emAM rAjanagara, nAri (=nAra), AdariANuM e gAmanAmo vAMcI zakAya che. AvI racanAmAM thoDI kilaSTatA to vahorI lIdhA vinA cAle nahIM. paNa dareka kaDImAM judA judA prakAranAM dazapaMdara nAmo gUMthatAM javAM e nAma

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16 ] madhyakAlIna gujarAtI jaina sAhitya ane bhASAzabdonA moTA bhaMDoLa vinA ne padyaracanAnA kauzala vinA bane nahIM. jaina kavio pAsethI nUtana mArmika alaMkAra2canAo ochI maLe che paNa avAranavAra maLe che kharI. jayavaMtasUri jevA koI nArInA kezapAzavarNana ke stanavarNanane tAjagIbharI vividha alaMkAra2canAthI kaDIo sudhI kheMcI javAnuM virala sAmarthya batAve che. paraMparAgata alaMkAraracanAnI AvaData to ghaNA batAve che ne potAnAM kathanane sacoTa banAvatAM dRSTAMtAdikano viniyoga pracurapaNe kare che. jJAnavimalasUri jevA koIka kavimAM saMkarAlaMkAra yojavA jeTaluM prauDha alaMkAracAturya paNa najare paDe che. emanA 'azokacandra-rohiNI rAsa'mAM AraMbhamAM ja rohiNInA rUpavarNanamAM AvI alaMkArazreNIno Azraya levAyelo che. jemake, urvasI paNi mina nava vasI re' emAM vyatireka ane yamaka alaMkArano saMkara che. phAgukAvyomAM ane anyatra AMtaryamakavALA duhAono prayoga vAraMvAra thayelo jovA maLe che ne yamakanI camatkRtino lAbha paNa jaina kavioe avAranavAra lIdhelo che. sthUlibhadrakozA premavilAsa phAga' jevI Urmisabhara racanAmAM paNa jayavaMtasUri prAsAdika yamakaracanA kare che : khiNi AMgaNi khiNi UbhI oraDai, priuDA vinA gorI o raDai, jhUratAM jAI dina rAtaDI, AMkhi hUI ujAgarai rAtaDI. madhyakAlIna kavitAmAM prAsa Avazyaka hoI koI paNa kiMva mATe enI AvaData jarUrI banI jAya che. paNa bethI vadhAre vAra Avartana pAmatA prAsonI yojanA karI. kavio potAnuM vizeSa kauzala batAvatA hoya che. jJAnavimalasUrinA "azokacandrarohiNI rAsa'mAM cAra-cAra AvartanavALA prAsonI yojanA thayelI che, to lAvaNyasamaye nemiraMgaratnAkara chaMda'mAM traNa akSaranA eka ja prAsane 12 lITI sudhI calAvIne potAnA savizeSa prAsakauzalano paricaya karAvyo che. cAritrakalaze, vaLI, naimirAjimatI bAramAsa'mAM cAraNI zailIe eka ja paMktimAM traNatraNa prAsAvartana yojyAM che. madhyakAlIna gujarAtI sAhitya bahudhA padya rUpe ane te paNa geya padya rUpe maLe che. jainetara AkhyAno ne pado jema geya dezIbaMdhamAM racAyelAM che tema jaina rAsAo ane stavanAdimAM paNa dezIbaMdhono viniyoga thayelo che. jaina kavio sAmAnya rIte pote je jANItA debIbaMdhano upayoga karatA hoya teno nirdeza paNa karatA hoya che. jaina rAsAo AdimAM nirdiSTa AvA dezIbaMdhonI sUci jaina gUrjara kavio'e karI che e 2400nI saMkhyAne vaTAvI jAya che. dezIbaMdhonI moTI khANane jaina kavioe jANe khAlI karI nAkhI che ! geya kavitA AvA dezIvaividhyathI dIpI UThatI hoya che ane jaina kavioe evI dIptimaMta geya kRtionuM sarjana karyuM che. jinaharSanA "ArAmazobhA rAsa'nI bAvIseya DhALomAM alagaalaga dezIbaMdhono

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madhyakAlIna gujarAtI sAhityamAM jainonuM pradAna U 17 ullekha thayo che, to samayasuMdaranI "sItArAma copAI'nI 63 DhALamAM 50 uparAMta judIjudI dezIono prayoga thayo che. samayasuMdaranAM gIto mATe to kahevAyuM che ke samayasuMdaranAM gItaDAM, kubhA rANAnAM bhIMtaDAM (sthApatya).' samayasuMdaramAM lokagItonA DhALo ghaNA jovA maLe che. udayaratna paNa lokagItonA DhALone upayogamAM lenAra kavi tarIke jANItA che. geya racanAmAM dhUvAnuM Ayojana paNa mahattvanuM banI rahe che. dhruvAo vividha rIte yojI zakAya che ane e rIte kRtinI geyatAne nUtana camatkAra ApI zakAya che. jaina kavioe AvI dhuvAvaividhyanI sUjha paNa batAvI che. jJAnavimalasUrinA azokacandrarohiNI rAsamAM AvI vividha prakAranI dhRvAyojanA jovA maLe che. samayapramodanI 'ArAmazobhA copAI' geyatAnI dRSTie atyaMta noMdhapAtra kRti che. emAM vividha dezIbaMdho to che ja paNa te uparAMta emAM viziSTa vistRta prAsabaMdha ane dhRvAbaMdhano viniyoga thayo che. cha-sAta caraNa sudhI vistaratA dezIbaMdha paNa emAM jovA maLe che. samayapramode dareka DhALane AraMbhe rAgano acUka ullekha karyo che e paNa kRtinI saMgItakSamatAno eka vizeSa purAvo che. ahIM e noMdhavuM joIe ke aneka jaina kavioe A rIte rAgano nirdeza karyo che. eTaleke jaina kavio saMgItanA jANakAra che ane potAnI kRtinI racanA e eka saMgItakSama kRti tarIke karatA hoya che. prAsa, dhuvA, doDhAtAM bevaDAtAM zabdo-paMktio jevI padaracanAnI keTalIka laDhaNothI samRddha banelI geyatA aneka jaina kRtiomAM siddha thayelI jovA maLe che. AvI geyatA kRtine TakI rahevA mATenuM eka manamohaka vAtAvaraNa racI ApatI hoya jaina kavionA padyabaMdhamAM akSarameLa ne mAtrAmeLa chaMdone paNa noMdhapAtra sthAna maLyuM che. virATaparva IsarazikSA' jevI saLaMga akSarameLa vRttamAM racAyelI keTalIka kRtio to maLe ja che, te uparAMta aneka jaina kRtiomAM vaccevacce paNa akSarameLa vRttonI gUMthaNI thayelI che. phAgu jevA nRtyocita sugeya kAvyaprakAramAM paNa "kAvya' evA zIrSakathI zArdUlavikrIDita ne sragdharA jevA chaMdonI kaDIo mukAtI hoya che e batAve che ke A chaMdone paNa geya rUpa ApavAmAM AvyuM che. A uparAMta apabhraMzanA vastu, aDilA jevA gujarAtImAM ochA vaparAtA ghaNA chaMdono vAraso jaina kavioe sAcavI rAkhyo che. bIjI bAjuthI gajhala ne rekhatA jevA navA samayanA padyabaMdho paNa jaina kavioe apanAvyA che. A rIte, jaina kavionI padyabaMdhanI sAdhanA ghaNA vyApaka phalakavALI che ane tethI dhyAna kheMce evI che. viSaya upadezAtmaka ke cIlAcAlu ke sAMpradAyika hoya toye bhASAbhivyakti, samasyAvinoda, alaMkAracAturI, padyakauzala ne racanArItinI koI ne koI vilakSaNatA dvArA ene kAvyamayatAnI koTie pahoMcADavAnI sajjatA jaina kavio

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18 | madhyakAlIna gujarAtI jaina sAhitya pAse keTalI hatI te darzAvavA A badhI hakIkato noMdhI che. A parathI ema samajavA jevuM nathI ke jaina kavionI upAsanA A, kAvyamAM bAhyAMga gaNAya evAM tattvo pUratI maryAdita hatI ne emanI racanAonA AMtaradravyamAM kazI sAhityikatA ke kAvyocitatA ja nahotI. jaina kavioe kathA, varNana, bhAvanirUpaNa vageremAM paNa potAnI zakti batAvI che ane sAhityika dhoraNe paNa avazyapaNe lakSamAM levI paDe evI keTalIka kRtio ApI che. jaina kavionA sAhityasarjanano eka moTo bhAga rAsAono che. e rAsAo kathArasathI chalakAya che. rAsAomAM jaina kavioe mAtra jaina dharmakathAo ja kahI nathI, bRhatkathA'nI paraMparAnI laukika kathAono paNa bahoLe hAthe upayoga karyo che tethI aneka prakAranAM vyavahAralakSI, kautukabharyA ne camatkArika vRttAMtone emanA rAsAomAM sthAna maLyuM che. rAsAomAM koI vAta ke vicAranA dRSTAMta rUpe anya kathA samAvI levAnuM valaNa paNa keTalAka kavio batAvatA hoya che, te jaina dharma saMcita karmomAM mAnato hoI nAyaka-nAyikAdinA pUrvabhava ke pUrvabhavonAM vRttAMta paNa gUMthAtAM hoya che. ethI rAsAo kathAbahulatAno AsvAda Ape che. dAna, zIla, tyAga, vairAgya uparAMta prema, parAkrama, caturAI, camatkAra vagerenA aneka rasaprada kathAghaTako jaina rAsAomAM paDelA che. jenA tarapha pUratuM lakSa gayuM nathI. munazIe Gujarat and its LiteraturenA 'Popular Fiction' e prakaraNamAM je rasaprada kathAvastuo ApelA che te bahudhA jena kavionAM che ane chatAM haju ghaNuM enI bahAra rahe che. jaina rAlekhakomAM jhaDapathI vAta kahI janArA che, mAMDIne vIgatapUrvaka vAta kahenArA che, vArtAnI sAthe bodha vaNatA janArA che to vAtamAM varNana ane manobhAvanirUpaNanI taka jhaDapanArA paNa che. varNana bahudhA paraMparAgata prakAranAM hoya che paNa paraMparAne sarasa rIte jhIlI batAvavI e paNa sAhityasUjha vinA bane nahIM. varNano prAsAdika zabdaracanAthI, emAMnI vIgatonI pasaMdagIthI ne samucita alaMkAronA prayojanathI ramaNIya paNa banatAM hoya che. jinapadasUrikRta yUlibhadra phAgu'nuM vaSavarNana sAduM paNa nAdacitrothI opatuM che ne kozAnuM saundaryavarNana paNa rUDha alaMkaraNovALuM chatAM surekhatAbharyuM, ravamAdhuryayukta ne padavinyAsanI prauDhivALuM che. bIjAM phAgukAvyomAM vasaMtavarNananI ane bAramAsAomAM RtuvarNananI lAkSaNika rekhAo jhilAyelI che. phAgukAvyomAM rAjimatInA aMganaundarya, AbhUSaNa ane hAvabhAvanAM keTalAMka sarasa citraNo paNa maLe che. nayasuMdaranA 'rUpacaMdakuMvara rAsamAM thayeluM zRMgAranuM atyaMta pragalma Alekhana virakta. sAdhukavioe varNanarasa jamAvavA tarapha keTaluM lakSa ApyuM che teno eka namUno che. rAsAomAM, A uparAMta, nagara, rAjasabhA, utsavo vagerenAM varNanone paNa avakAza maLyo che. mANikyasuMdarasUrinuM "pRthvIcaMdracarita' to alaMkAramaMDita,

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madhyakAlIna gujarAtI sAhityamAM jainonuM pradAna ] 19 prAsa-layabaddha gadyamAM thayelAM aneka jAtanAM varNanono eka khajAno che. mAnavasvabhAvanI aneka lAkSaNikatA AkhyAnakavitAmAM jevI pragaTa thaI che evI kadAca jaina rAsAomAM thaI nathI. paraMtu prasaMgocita manobhAvonI sphuTa abhivyaktimAM jaina kavioe jarUra 2sa lIdho che. labdhivijayanA 'hirabala macchI rAsa'mAM Avo prayatna thayo che tethI kRti keTaleka aMze rasaprada banI che. joke hRdayaMgama bhAvAlekhano bAramAsAkAvyomAM vadhAre prApta thAya che. vinayacaMdranI 'neminAtha catuSpadikA' rAjimatInI neminAtha pratyenI acala premabhaktinA kAvyamaya udgAra tarIke jANItI kRti che, paraMtu bIjI paNa keTalIka kRtio avazya noMdhapAtra bane evI che. uttavijayanI neminAthanI rasarelI' eka sarasa bhAvapravaNa racanA che, paNa e jANItI thayelI nathI. covIsa tIrthaMkaranAM stavano aneka jaina munioe racyAM che. emAM sAMpradAyika saMbhAra hoya che ne paraMparAgata nirUpaNa hoya che. paNa ANaMdavardhana jevA 'covIsI'mAM bhaktinI ArdratAthI bharelI ne bhaktisnehaviSayaka sUtrAtmaka udgArovALI gItaracanAo Ape te ghaNuM vilakSaNa lAge che. yovijayanAM tIrthaMkarastavanomAM paNa ullAsa, zraddhA, lADa, mastI, TIkhaLa, kaTAkSa vagere bhAvacchaTAo gUMthAya che. AvAM to bIjAM aneka stavano che. A jAtanI racanAo premalakSaNA bhaktino prabhAva jhIlIne thayelI che emAM zaMkA nathI. paNa A rIte sAMpradAyika sImAne vaTIne mAnavahRdayane sparze evuM tattva potAnI kRtiomAM lAvavAno jaina kaviono puruSArtha lakSa bahAra na rahevo joIe. jaina sAhityamAM jovA maLatA kavikauzala ne rasalakSitAnuM A to digdarzana mAtra che. jaina sAhitya pratye e ApaNane abhimukha karI zake. e sAhityanI guNavattAnuM kharuM mUlyAMkana to eno vyApakatAthI, UMDANathI ane sUkSma sAhityabuddhithI abhyAsa thAya tyAre ja prApta thAya. ene mATe ApaNe rAha jovI rahI. Ama, ApaNA madhyakALanA gujarAtI sAhityamAM jainonuM pradAna aneka dRSTie anokhuM che. enI paryApta noMdha levAnuM ane e rIte sAhityano eka samatola itihAsa racavAnuM ApaNAthI banI zakyuM nathI. 'gujarAtI sAhityakoza' bIjAM keTalAMka sAhityane kAraNe to kharuM ja paNa vizeSapaNe jaina sAhityane kAraNe navA itihAsalekhanane AhvAna Apaze ema lAge che.

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jaina kathAsAhitya : keTalIka lAkSaNikatA lekhamAM mukhyatve prAkRta jaina sAhityane AdhAre vAta thaI che paNa madhyakAlIna gujarAtI jaina sAhityamAM e sAhityanI kathAo ja mahadaMze UtarI AvelI hoI lAkSaNikatAo to enI e ja rahe che. - saMpA.] udgama ane vikAsa hasu yAjJika prAcIna ane madhyakAlIna bhAratIya kathAsAhityanI mukhya dhArAo vaidika, bauddha ane jaina e traNa che. vaidika ane jaina dhArAnuM kathAsAhitya enA udgamathI zarU karIne te cheka Aja sudhI vikAsa pAmatuM rahyuM che. bhASAnuM svarUpa ane upalabdha granthonA nirmANakALanI dRSTie punarjanma ane karmasiddhAMtane prAdhAnya ApatI jaina dharmanI dhArA bauddhanI anugAmI che. chatAM DaoN. e. ena. upAdhye+ jene 'mAgadhI-dharma' evuM nAma Ape che tenI zAkhA tarIke dArzanika rUpamAM jaina tattvavicAraNAnI dhArA bauddha jeTalI ja prAcIna che. A dhArAno mULa dharmagrantha 'Agama' AjanA enA upalabdha svarUpamAM vahelAmAM vahelo IsunI pahelI sadImAM racAI cUkyo hato e nizcita che. mahAkAlanA anaMtayugI avicchinna srotanAM udgamabinduo to vaidika, bauddha ane jaina traNemAM maLe che, paraMtu tatkAlIna janasAmAnyano jIvanadhabakAra koI vizeSa parivartana pAmyA vagara bauddha ane jaina dhArAmAM savizeSa jIvaMta rahIne jhilAyo. vedadhArA IzvaravAdane svIkAratI hoI emAM devI ane devatAonI kathAnA rUpamAM lokakathAonuM kALakrame devakathA(myth)nA rUpamAM rUpAntara thatAM sAmAnya janajIvanano dhabakAra emAM mULabhUta rUpamAM na jaLavAyo paraMtu bauddha ane jaina dhArAnA kathAsAhityamAM TUMkAMTUMkAM kathAnako ke lAMbI vArtAomAM rAjA ane zreSThI jevA ucca ane bhadra varganI sAthe samAjanA nimna vargane paNa pratinidhitva maLatuM rahyuM. joke koI dharmano saMpradAya kathAno upayoga kare che tyAre teno hetu to potAnA dharmanA koI mahattvanA siddhAMtane puSTa karavAno ke koI dharmAtmAnA jIvanavizeSa dvArA te dharmanA anuyAyInI dharmazraddhA dRDha karavAno hoya che, AthI lokasAmAnyamAM viharatI kathA jyAre koI dharmadhArAmAM praveze che tyAre tenA nijI raMgarUpamAM acUka parivartana thAya che. A dRSTie lokasAmAnyamAM viharatI kathAono jaina dhArAmAM viniyoga thatAM je parivartano thayAM, rUparaMga badalAyAM ne emAMthI A dhArAnI

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jaina kathAsAhitya : keTalIka lAkSaNikatA 21 kathAsAhityanI dRSTimAM je nijI rUpa pragaTyuM. lAkSaNikatA pravezI tenuM darzana karavAno A lekhamAM abhigama rahyo che. vAtavikAsanI dRSTie jaina dhArAmAM AgamanA prathama aMganI trIjI cuLAmAM maLatI mahAvIrajIvanakathA, pAMcamA aMgamAM maLatI "bhagavatI-vivAha-paNatti' ane chaThThA aMgamAM mahAvIramukhe vahelI "NAyadhammakahAo" atyaMta mahattvanI che. ahIM lokakathA, dRSTAMtakathA, daMtakathA, rUpakagranthikathA, sAhasa ane pravAsanI kathA, adbhutaraMgI parIkathA, cora-lUMTArAnI kathA ema vividha prakAranA bhAratIya kathAsAhityano paricaya maLe che. AthI "NAyadhammakahAo' prAcIna vaividhyasabhara kathAsaMgraha che. cAre putravadhUone pAMca-pAMca cokhAnA dANA ApI, pratyekanAM buddhimattA ane valaNa tAravI, tadanurUpa vyavahAra soMpatA sasarAnA cAturyanI kathAmAM lokaraMjaka kathAnuM ja pUrNa rUpa che. sAmAnya manoraMjaka TucakAmAM abhinava arthano prANa pUrI navA prakAzathI ajavALavAnI kalAnuM darzana kamaLa prApta karatA sAdhunI dRSTAMtakathAmAM maLe che. sarovara vacce rahelA kamaLanI najIka rahelI cAra vyaktio ene prApta karI zakatI nathI, sAdhu dUra che chatAM mAtra zabdoccAre kamaLa laI zake che. kathAnI A camatkArayojanAmAM ghaTanAtattvanI dRSTie AkarSaka nAvInya che ethI vizeSa enA rUpakAtmaka arthadarzanamAM che. sarovara te vizva ne padma te rAjA. pelI cAra vyakti te rAjAne paricita ne nikaTa evA dharmapaLyo. rAjakulathI dUra chatAM kevaLa zraddhA janmAvavAnA sAmarthyane kAraNe jaina dharma rAjyAzraya prApta karI zakyo enuM rUpakagranthi dRSTAMta che. arthanI rIte sAmAnya ne tuccha lAgato Tucako vizeSa dRSTibindu ane arthano vAhaka banI dRSTAMtakathA bane che tyAre sajIva sAhityasvarUpa bane che. TucakAone AvuM rUpa jaina dhArAe ApyuM che. uttarAdhyayanamAM paNa A prakAranAM dRSTAMtakathAnako (parables) maLe che. 'NAyadhammakahAo'nI bIjI mUlyavattA emAM pratibiMbita thatA samAjajIvanane kAraNe che. putrajanmanI khuzAlImAM rAjA kedIone to choDI mUke. sAthosAtha toLavA ane mApavAnAM sAdhanonAM mApa paNa moTAM karavAnI AjJA kare, dhananI kSaNikatAne sAbita karavA mATe mehakumAra dhanane agni ane corathI arakSita hoI nAzavaMta gaNAvatAM evA trIjA bhayasthAna rUpe rAjAne gaNatarImAM le. devadattAnA apaharaNano patto na lAgatAM sArthavAha bheTasogAda laIne ja koTavAla pAse phariyAda noMdhAvavA pahoMce, vagere paristhitimAM prAcIna samAja ane rAjavyavasthAnuM svAbhAvika pratibiMba maLe che. vAstavamAM koI kALe samAjamAM pravartatI sthiti, sAhityamAM eka yA bIjA rUpamAM pratibiMbita thatI ja hoya che. lagna paratvenAM dhoraNo ane baMdhano astitvamAM AvI svIkArAyAM te pahelAMnAM ane saMdhikALanAM kathAnakomAM eka lohIno saMbaMdha dharAvatAM bhAI ane bahena vaccenA zarIrasaMbaMdhano ullekha, A.

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22 | madhyakAlIna gujarAtI jaina sAhitya kAraNe ja, vaidika ane jaina banne dhArAmAM yama-yamIsaMvAda ane puSpacUlapuSpacUla mAM maLe che. Ama, kathAsAhityamAM nirUpita mAnavavyavahAranI paristhiti eka rIte to koI kALe astitva dharAvatI vAstavika paristhitinI paricAyaka hoya che ne bIjI rIte kALakrame te amuka siddhAMta sthApavA mATenA jarUrI dRSTAMtanuM kArya paNa bajAve che. dharma-saMpradAyomAM kathAnakono bhinnabhinna upayoga thayo te svataMtra abhyAsa rUpe tapAsavA jevo viSaya che. prAcIna sAhityamAM vipula rIte kheDAyelA ane avanavA avatAra pAmelAM kathAnakone AdhAre eka ja pAtra ane eka yugane sparzatI. kathAo kevA kevA rUparaMge rajU thaI teno vAstavika citAra bhinnabhinna dhArAomAM UcharelAM kathAnakonA sAmyamUlaka abhyAsa (comparative study) dvArA ApI zakAya. bhAratIya kathAsAhityamAM rAmakathA ane kRSNakathA (pAMDavakathA-saMyukta)no abhyAsa A dRSTie karavA jevo che. rAma ane kRSNa brAhmaNadhArAnA mukhya ane prANabhUta che, kemake te dharmanA avatAra rUpe manAyA che, chatAM bauddha ane jaina dhArAmAM A kathAo pracalita rahI vikasatI AvI che. brAhmaNadhArAnI A prAcIna dharmakathAo bauddha ane jaina dhArAmAM AlekhAtAM emAM nAnAMmoTAM parivartano thayelAM A badhAM parivartano dharmasaMpradAyoe potAnA dharmasiddhAMtane anukULa rahIne karyA che, tema chatAM ema karavAmAM te-te saMpradAyano hetu A prakAranAM parivartano dvArA potAnA saMpradAyanI zakti ane mahattA vadhAravAno che, evuM mAnIne cAlavAne badale sAcA abhyAsIe to A badhAM parivartano ane rUpAMtaro bhinnabhinna udgama ane paraMparAmAM samAntara saMvardhana zI rIte pAmyAM teno abhyAsa karavo jarUrI che. koI eka ja kathAnA judAjudA pravAho e kathAnA ghaDatara-vikAsamAM jeTale aMze nirNAyaka bane che tethI vizeSa aMze pravartita paristhiti ane sAMskRtika mUlyonAM paNa nirdezaka banI aitihAsika tathyane tAravavAmAM upayogI bane che. harirSaNanA kathAkoSa' ane "vasudevahiMDI'mAM maLatI viSNukumAranI vAtano saMbaMdha jaina harivaMza' joDe che. keTalAMka kathAnakono svatantra ugama bhinnabhinna dhArAomAM thayelo che. rAmakathA ane kRSNa kathAno sAhajika saMbaMdha brAhmaNadhArA sAthe che, chatAM enI dIrgha prAcIna paraMparA bauddha ane jaina bannemAM maLe che. sthapAto ane vistarato saMpradAya anya saMpradAyanA paraMparAprApta kathAnakane apanAvI eka vizALa samudAyane potAnA dharma pratye abhimukha karavA mATe lokazraddhAnA avibhAjya aMgarUpa banelI vibhUtiono saMbaMdha potAnA paMthanI sAthe sAMkaLI, kathAnA mULabhUta mALakhAmAM potAnA saMpradAyanI dharmajhAMya (religious shades) umeravA prerAya e zakyatAne nakArI na zakAya, paraMtu rAmakathA ane kRSNakathAnuM bauddha-jaina rUpamAM AvuM thayuM che. ema mAnavuM ucita nathI. jainAvatAranI rAmakathA ane kRSNakathA pAchaLathI thayelAM parivartano

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jaina kathAsAhitya : keTalIka lAkSaNikatA D 23 nathI paraMtu svataMtra mULa ane uddabhava dharAvatA kathApravAho che. DaoN. e. ena. upAdhyae harivaMzapurANanA adhyayanane AdhAre darzAvyuM che ke jena paraMparAnA kRSNanI vibhAvanAno saMbaMdha harivaMzapurANa ke mahAbhArata joDe nathI paraMtu prAcInakALathI ja svataMtra rIte UcharelI jaina paraMparAmAM che. kRSNakathAnI jema rAmakathAnuM jaina kathArUpa "padmapurANa' rUpe che tenI svataMtra praNAlIno, mULano abhyAsa jarUrI che. buddhicAturyanAM kathAnakomAM bRhatkathAkuLamAM je sthAna yaugaMdharAyaNa ane gomukha jevA rAjAnA pradhAna ke mitranA pAtranuM che te jaina dhArAmAM zreNikaputra abhayakumAranA pAtranuM che. pratyeka paristhitino buddhipUrvaka upAya ane ukela zodhanAra, aniSTa ane ApattimAMthI ugArI rAjA ane rAjyanI ciMtAne jIvanadharma rUpe aMgIkAra karanAra A pAtra "NAyadhamakahAothI zarU karIne kathAkoSa'mAM tathA svataMtra kathA rUpe mAnabharyuM ne rasaprada sthAna pAme che. AgamanA sAtamA aMgamAM uvAsagadazAo' (zrAvakonA kartavyaviSayaka dasa prakaraNa)no moTo bhAga kathAnakoe rokyo che. ahIM vizeSa pramANa zreSThInuM che. vividha janmomAM mahAvIranI dhamadizanA pAmI dharmadhyAna ane upavAsathI mokSa pAmI devatva prApta karatAM pAtronAM kathAnako eka ja DhALAnAM che. AnaMda, kAmadeva, calaNIpiyA, surAdeva ane culasayaya ityAdi pAtro vividha pralobhano pAra karatAM karatAM aMte devatva prApta kare che, kAraNa ane pariNAmanI kathAmALakhAnI yojanA evI to bIbAMDhALa che ke DaoN. e. ena. upAdhdha noMdhe che tema kevaLa pAtranA nAmane badalyAthI evAM kathAnakonI saMkhyA haju vadhArI zakAya. AThamuM aMga "aMtagabadasAo' tIrthaMkaraprabodhane mokSa pAmatAM strI-puruSonI A prakAranI ja kathAo Ape che. ahIM paNa jaina srotanI kRSNa kathA che. agiyAramA aMgamAM 'vivAgasuyamAM bauddha dhArAnI, karmasiddhAMta samajAvatI avadAnazataka ane karmazataka jevI ja karmavipAka darzAvatI kathAo maLe che. pahelA vibhAganI dasa kathAomAM duSTa kRtyonAM pariNAma darzAvAyAM che, to bIjA vibhAgamAM satkarmanAM. ziSyanA pUchayAthI mahAvIre badanasIbInAM kAraNo spaSTa karavA te pAtronI kathA kahI che. Ama karatAM ahIM vepArI, zikArI, amaladAra ema vividha varganAM pAtronI bhavobhavakathA kahevAmAM AvI che. pUrvabhavanA saMbaMdhI, mitro ane verIo zI rIte pharI ekasAthe thaI jAya che te varNavatI paristhiti rocaka ane vArtAtmaka bane che. AgamanA upAMgomAM paNa keTalAMka kathAnako maLe che, paraMtu kathAvikAsanI dRSTie e mahattvanAM nathI banatAM. bIjA upAMgano AraMbha paurANika zailInI nIrasa kathAthI thAya che. vividha upAMgomAM maLatI ajAtazatru, ariSTanemi, niSadha ityAdi kathAo kathA lekhe uparAMta aitihAsika tathya rUpe mUlyavAna che. bauddha dhArAmAM niMdA pAmato biMbisAraputra ahIM saddabhAvathI AlekhAya che te

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24 ] madhyakAlIna gujarAtI jaina sAhitya biMbisAraputre bauddha dharmano tyAga karI jaina dharmano svIkAra karyAnuM sUcave che. kathAsAhitye bhAratamAM kalpanAvilAsa karI lokonuM mAtra manoraMjana nathI karyuM paNa lokone dharma samajAvI ne TakAvI banelI ghaTanAne jALavavAmAM itihAsanuM kAma paNa karI batAvyuM che. vaidika dhArAnA pariziSTa graMtha jevA AgamanA "paNAsa'mAM puchyulA, amayaghoSa, avantisukumAra, IlAputra ityAdinAM aneka kathAnakomAM daihika yAtanAo sAme mAsika dRDhatAthI laDatA vIra mahAtmAonA udAtta aMzane vAcA ApatA prasaMgo nirUpavAmAM AvyA che. prANIjIvananI asahya zArIrika ane mAnasika yAtanAonuM tIvra Alekhana jaina dhArAnAM kathAnakonI noMdhapAtra lAkSaNikatA che. jIvatAM saLagAvI mUkavAmAM AvatAM, paiDAM nIce cagadAtAM, hiMsaka pazuonA tIkSNa dAMtono bhoga banatAM ke svecchAe kIDIone potAnuM lohI cUsavA daI hasate mukhe mRtyune vahorI letAM pAtronAM kathAnakomAM bhayaMkara yAtanAnI je mAtrA che te vizvanA anya sAhityamAM bhAgye ja jovA maLaze. jaina dharme svIkArelA custa niyama-pAlana mATe dRDha manobaLa keLavI zakAya tathA sthUla daihika vAsanA tathA jijIviSAnA prabaLatara AkarSaNathI mukta banI zakAya evI manaHsthiti sarjavAno A kathAnakono mukhya hetu rahelo che. zarIranI skUla vAsanA ane saMsArI saMbaMdho pratye vairAgya janmAvato manovaijJAnika upacAra (psychological treatment) ahIM kathA dvArA thAya che. kathAno upayoga brAhmaNadhArAe mAnavamananA zraddhAsAmarthyane jagADavA karyo, bauddha dhArAe tattvanA sUkSmAtisUkSma taMtune sugrAhya karavAmAM karyo, to jaina dhArAe AthI paNa AgaLa vadhIne dharmapratipAdita siddhAMtone custa rIte pALI zakAya e prakAranI manaHsthiti ane dRDhatA sarjAvavA mATe karyo. kathAnA svarUpanuM ghaDatara bhale prastuta dhArAnA prAcIna aMzamAM na thaI zakyuM, paraMtu enA aMtaramAM eka navA ja vizvanuM nirmANa to thayuM che. mAnavacittanI khumArI ane tArkika bhUmikAyukta khUbI buddha dhArAnAM kathAnakonI vizeSatA bane che, tema zarIra ane saMsAraAsaktinI kSaNikatA pratye saheje abhimukha karI zakavAnuM sAmarthya jaina dhArAnAM kathAnakonI vizeSatA che. be-ghaDInI moja mATe ja jeno udbhava thayAnuM sAmAnyatayA svIkArAya che te A TacukaDI vArtAo mAnavacittane ghaDavAmAM ATalo agatyano phALo cheka prAcIna kALathI ja ApI cUkI hoya e ghaTanA prAcIna kathAsAhityanI alpa siddhi nathI. Agama pachInuM bIjuM sthAna niryukti granthonuM che. mULabhUta dharmagranthanA siddhAMta upara enuM spaSTIkaraNa ane pUraka hakIkatone paNa A prakAranA dharmagranthamAM sthAna maLatuM hoya che. Ama thatAM keTalAMka vizeSa kathAnako A pravAhamAM prApta thAya che. mULabhUta dasa zAstragranthonI niyukti uparAMta 'piMDa', 'ogha' ane 'ArAdhanA' jevI traNa svataMtra niryukti lakhAyelI che. niryuktimAM spaSTIkaraNa arthe racAtAM

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jaina kathAsAhitya : keTalIka lAkSaNikatA 7 25 cU, bhASya ane TIkAmAM bIjAM pUraka kathAnako sulabha banyAM che. haribhadra, zIlAMka, zAntyAcArya, devendra, malayagiri, ityAdinI TIkAomAM nAnI-moTI aneka kathAo maLe che. mULa dharmagranthomAM bIja rUpe rahelAM vividha kathAnakonI svataMtra racanAo cheka pAMcamI sadIthI zarU karIne te paMdaramI sadI sudhImAM racAyelAM riya, prabaMdha, rAsA ke thAkoSa rUpe upalabdha bane che. bhAratIya kathAsAhityanA vikAsa ane vaividhyanuM acchuM citra upasAvatI sAmagrI jaina dhArAnA A tabakkAnA kathAsAhityamAM sarvasulabha rahI zakI che. dharmanA pracAra ane prasAra arthe vidyAvratI jaina yatione mukAbale anya pArivrAjakoe laukika jJAna ane upayogI anya mAhitI paratve ochuM lakSa ApyuM che. pagapALA parivrajyA karI cAra mAsa koI eka sthaLe gALatA jaina saMpradAyanA sAdhuo vividha pravAsanA bhAthArUpa saMcita jJAnarAzino dharmArtha viniyoga karI levAnuM cUkyA nathI. dharmArtha upadeza ApatA, kathAo racatA ke vAcana karatA jaina yatio sAhitya ane dharma uparAMta jyotiSa ane vaidaka jevAM zAstranA paNa zAtA hoI temaNe maMtrataMtra ane cikitsAnA camatkAronuM kathAomAM nirUpaNa karyuM che. rAjA ane rAjyano jaina yatione Adara prApta thayo ane rAjyAzrayathI pracAra-prastAra vadhyo tenuM kAraNa yationuM zAstrajJAna che. hiraSaNanA 'kathAkoSa'mAM tathA saMghadAsaNanA 'vasudevahiMDImAM vaidakanA keTalAka ajaba nusakhAo AlekhAyA che. hiraSaNanA 'kathAkoSa'nA 13mA kathAnakamAM gaMdhodakanI davA tarIkenI asaranuM ane lakSapAka telanI cAmaDInA dAjha paranI asaranuM, vasudevahiMDI'mAM kRmirogane dUra karavAnA upAyonuM varNana maLe che. vAnAjIkRta rAsaracanAmAM hastiroga maTADatA patinI vAta Ave che. vividha camatkAronuM ane vArtAnA camatkAronuM janasAmAnyane adamya AkarSaNa che, evuM jANatA yatioe vividha grantho ane kaMThomAM verAyelI vividha sAmagrI ane vArtAone eka2samAM ghUMTI prabaMdha, cariya, rAsa ityAdi racyAM. kathAonuM mAdhyama prAcIna jaina dhArAmAM kathAonuM mukhya mAdhyama to gadya ja banyuM che. keTaleka sthaLe ja paghano upayoga thayo che. 'NAyadhammakAo'mAM kathAnA hetusAra padyamAM che. 'uvAsagadasAo'mAM prayojAtuM pagha samagra kathAnakanuM mALakhuM spaSTa karatuM hoya che. kathAnA mukhya mALakhAne sAMkaLI rAkhatA paghaprayogonI smRtisahAye nirUpaka samagra kathAnakane mAMDIne kahI zake ema che. AgamanuM saMskaraNa mahAvIranA mRtyu pachInA baso varSe thayuM hatuM. mULa padyaprayoganI smRtisahAye be sadI vItyuM thayeluM saMpAdana zakya banyuM haze. A AdhAre joke mULa kathAo sarvAMze padyamAM ja haze, evI saMbhAvanAne sthAna nathI, kemake, samagra kathAnako jo sarvAMze padyamAM ja hoya, to ene anusaravAne badale, sAruM padyamAM ane anya nirUpaNa gadyamAM, evo paraMparAlopa

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26 ] madhyakAlIna gujarAtI jaina sAhitya dharmAnuyAyIo na ja kare. kathAnakonuM mULa jaina strotanAM kathAnakonuM mULa vaidika, bauddha ke jaina paraMparAmAM joI zakAya. RSabhadeva, pArzvanAtha ane mahAvIrasvAmI Adi tIrthaMkaronI jIvanaviSayaka daMtakathAo, zArIrika ane mAnasika yAtanAo, ahiMsA, kavipAka, saMsArasaMbaMdhonI nazvaratA ityAdinAM kathAnako, agrasara dharmamukhya sAdhusAdhvInA jIvanasaMdarbhe pragaTelAM carita ane prabaMdho niHzaMka jaina dhArAnI nijI mUDI che. zeSa kathAnakonAM mULa anya paraMparAmAM joI zakAya. dharmanA keTalAka mahattvanA siddhAMto paratve bauddha ane jaina samAna valaNa dharAve che. AthI banne dharmanA prANabhUta aMzane samAna abhivyakti ApatAM bauddha dharmanAM pracalita kathAnakone jaina paraMparAmAM svAbhAvika sthAna maLI cUkyuM che. jAtaka ane avadAnasAhityanAM AvAM keTalAMka kathAnako jaina paraMparAmAM paNa nirUpAyAM che. keTalAMka kathAnako brAhmaNa, bauddha ane jaina e traNe dhArAmAM bhAratIya vArtAvizvanA samAna dhanamAMthI prApta thayelAM che. rAsAono paNa moTo bhAga lokaparaMparAnI pracalita kathAomAMthI levAyo che. traNe dhArAmAM prApta thatAM hoya evAM kathAnakono tulanAtmaka abhyAsa bhAratIya kathAonAM mULa 52 vizeSa prakAza pADI zake che. anya dhArAnAM, savizeSa to brAhmaNadhArAnAM kathAnako, jaina dhArAmAM praviSTa thayAnAM be mukhya kAraNa spaSTa che. eka to e ke brAhmaNadhArAnI keTalIka kathAo to eTalI rasaprada ane lokahRdayamAM sthAna pAmI cUkelI hatI ke kevaLa kathAnA AkarSaka sAdhane dharmapracAra karavA icchatA yatione saheje e svIkAravI paDe. bIjuM e ke eka pakSe te kathAnAyako potAnA dharmapaMthanA hatA evuM prasthApita karI dharmapaMthanuM gaurava vadhArI zakAya, to bIje pakSe e nAyakonA jIvananI kSatio ane dharmasiddhAMtanI agrAhyatA darzAvI e dvArA potAnA dharmanI mahattA pragaTa karI zakAya. vArtAnA sAmarthyapUrNa mAdhyame dharmano phelAvo karavAnuM ane brAhmaNadhArA jeTalI ja vipula ane vaividhyayukta kathAo sarjavAnuM jANe yatioe bIDuM jhaDapyuM hatuM. brAhmaNadhArA IzvaravAdI ane devI-devatAono vipula varga dharAvatI hoI aneka prakAranAM camatkArapUrNa adbhutarasika kathAnako pIrasI zakI hatI. A khoTa pUrI pADavA ne brAhmaNadhArAnA kathAsAhityanI haroLamAM AvavA, dharma ane dharmapravartaka pratyenAM bhakti-zraddhA prApta karavA purANagrantha jevI ja racanAo jaina dhArAmAM purANa ane caritanAmAbhidhAne, saMskRtamAM ane savizeSa to apabhraMzamAM, avatAra pAmI. lokazraddhA ane AkarSaNa janmAvavA samartha hoya tevI badhI dhArmika ane dharmetara vArtAo jaina dhArAmAM svIkAra pAmI zakI. A ghaTanA bhAratIya kathAsAhityamAM jaina dharmanI avismaraNIya sevA tarIke noMdhapAtra che. jaina dhArAnAM cariya, prabaMdha, rAsA vagere saMskRtaparaMparAnAM vIracarita, purANa,

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jaina kathAsAhitya : keTalIka lAkSaNikatA | 27 mahAkAvya ane gadyakathAnI AnuSaMgika kaDI jevAM che. saMskRta ane gujarAtI vaccenI seturUpa mukhya kaDI bhASAkSetre jema apabhraMza che tema sAhityakSetre prAkRta ane apabhraMza che. jenetara prAkRta ane apabhraMza lagabhaga lupta che. jaina dhArAnuM sAhitya eTaluM savazleSI ane vipula che ke anya lupta aMzanI khoTa paDI lAgatI nathI. kevaLa kathAsAhityano ja vicAra karIe to jaina dhArAmAM je kaMI upalabdha che te savazanuM ja paricAyaka banI rahe eTaluM vipula ane vaividhyasabhara che. kathAnA vargo (1) paurANika upalabdha jaina kathAsAhityane paurANika, caritAtmaka, lokakathAtmaka ane saMgraharUpa ema cAra vargamAM vaheMcI zakAya. sAmAnya janatAnAM zraddhA ane AkarSaNane prApta karavA jaina dharmanA sAhityamAM brAhmaNadhArAnA purANagraMthonI paraMparA jevA dharmakhyAta pAtronA kathAgrantho racAyA che. AdinAtha, neminAtha, RSabhadeva ane mahAvIra Adi tIrthakaronAM jIvanane sparzatA kathAgranthone paurANika kathAvastunA vargamAM mUkI zakIe. rAmakathA ane kRSNakathA jevI brAhmaNadhArAnI paraMparAmAM udbhavelI jaina paurANika kathAo paNa prastuta vargamAM samAveza pAme che. rAmakathAno jainAvatAra mahAvIranA mRtyu pachI 330 varSe vimalasUriracita pAcaritamAM thayo. prAkRta bhASAmAM 118 sarganuM pUra dharAvatI AyachaMdamAM racAyelI A lAMbI racanA che. rAmakathAnuM devakathAtmaka (mythological) mALakhuM to ahIM mULa brAhmaNadhArAnuM ja jaLavAyuM che. bheda mAtra nAmakaraNa ane arthadarzana paratve rahyo che. vAnarane badale ahIM vidyAdharo che. zivadhanuSyano saMdarbha badalAyo che. mahAvIranI sUcanAthI paTTaziSya gautame rAjA zreNIkane A kathA kahI, ema darzAvAyuM che. jaina paraMparA darzAvatI A chAMTa bAhya che, kathAnakanuM AMtarika mALakhuM to eka kathAnA rUpamAM mULa dhArAnuM ja rahyuM che. Ama rAmakathA jaina dhArAmAM svataMtra ghaDatara ane vikAsa pAmelI jaNAtI nathI. AthI UlaTuM kRSNakathAnuM che. te kathAmAM svataMtra ane maulika gaNAya evAM ghaDataravikAsa joI zakAya che. I.sa.678mAM raviSeNe saMskRtamAM racelA 'padmapurANamAM paNa rAmakathAnuM mALakhuM badalAtuM nathI. anugAmI 'uttarapurANa' tathA "triSaSTizalAkApuruSa'nA sAtamA parvamAM padyamAM to devavijayagaNi dvArA gadyamAM "rAmacarita' lakhAyuM che. rAmakathAnuM A avataraNa apabhraMza rAo sudhI vistareluM che. AvuM bIjuM, brAhmaNadhArAnA mahAbhAratanAM kathAnakonuM avataraNa jaina dhArAmAM thayuM che. I.sa.783mAM jinasene "harivaMzapurANa' racyuM. A samagra kathA mahAvIranA mukhya ziSya gautamanA mukhamAM rajU thaI che. AraMbhamAM kahevAtI RSabhadevanI kathAne kRSNanA bhatrIjA neminAtha sAthe sAMkaLI mahAbhAratanA

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28 | madhyakAlIna gujarAtI jaina sAhitya pAMDavonuM kathAvastu gUMthI levAyuM che. kaurava tathA karNa ahIM jaina dharma aMgIkAra karatA dazavAyA che. aMte to pAMDavo paNa jaina banI nirvANa pAme che. I.sa. 1200 AsapAsa racAyeluM devaprabhasUrikRta 18 sagavALuM pAMDavacaritra', 15mI sadInuM 39 sarga dharAvatuM sakalakIrtiracita "harivaMza', vAdicaMdrakRta 'pAMDavapurANa', I.sa. 1551mAM zubhacaMdra lakheluM jaina "mahAbhArata' tathA anya apabhraMza sAhityamAM nirUpAtI mahAbhAratanI kathAvastu dharAvatI racanAo paNa paurANika kathAvarganI gaNI zakAya. (2) caritAtmaka saMskRta dhArAnAM purANa ane mahAkAvyanI paraMparAnA pIyUSathI UcharelA jaina dhArAnA cariya ke caritra nAmAbhidhAna pAmatA kathAgranthomAM dharmakhyAta puruSonA jIvananI aitihAsika tathA anukRtyAtmaka hakIkato nirUpAI che. kathAvastunI dRSTie kathAgranthono A varga caritAtmaka evI saMjJA vaDe oLakhAvI zakAya. paurANika rUpe jema vividha tIrthakaronA jIvananuM kathAtmaka nirUpaNa thayuM che tema vilAsavatI, sukumAla, pradyumna, jinadatta, bAhubali. nAgakumAra, sulocanA ItyAdi dharmakhyAta pAtronA caritrAtmaka aMzonuM paNa kathA tarIke Alekhana thayuM che. A prakAranAM saMdhibaddha kathAkAvyo madhyakAlIna gujarAtI kathAnA pUrvajo che. A kathAnako rAsAomAM UtarI AvyAM. apabhraMza rAsAo madhyakAlIna gujarAtI kathAonI najIkamAM najIkanI kaDI che. (3) lokakathAtmaka rAsAmAM nirUpAtAM caritromAM kathArasanI mAtrA tIvra banAve tevAM lokakathAnAM AkarSaka aMgo jaina dhArAmAM lagabhaga savaze svIkRta banyAM che. AthI rAsAonAM kathAvastuno vipula rAzi lokakathAtmaka vargano che. adbhutarasika ane premakathAtmaka aMzo dharmanA saMskAra pAmI AlekhAyA che. lupta thayelI mULa prAkRtamAM lakhAyelI pAdaliptakRta 'taraMgalolA' tathA saMskRtamAM lakhAyelI 'taraMgavatI', haribhadra gadyamAM lakhelI "samarAIkahA' ityAdi savaze lokakathAtmaka kathAvastu dharAvatI A prakAranI racanAo che. prema, zaurya ane abhuta camatkAravALAM madhyama kadanAM lokonAM haiyAMne vaza karI cUkelAM kathAnakonA utkaTa AkarSaNane dhyAnamAM laIne jaina yatioe A prakArane potAnI racanAomAM savizeSa pramANamAM samAviSTa karyo che. AthI madhyakAlIna lokakathAne Aja paryata surakSita rahI zakavAno parokSa lAbha maLato rahyo. A kathAomAMthI dharmano puTa dUra karavAnuM kArya atyaMta saraLa che. mokSa ke dIkSAmAM pariNamatA vairAgyamUlaka aMtane anyathA. kalpavAthI ja lokakathA tarIkenuM enuM mULabhUta svarUpa UpasI Ave che. madhyakAlIna padyakathAnAM viSayavastu ane svarUpane ghaDavAmAM A prakAranI jaina racanAono ghaNo moTo phALo che.

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jaina kathAsAhitya : keTalIka lAkSaNikatA | 29 (4) saMgraharUpa jaina dhArAnA kathAsAhityano cotho varga te kathAkoSa nAme jANIto, TUMkA ane madhyama kadanAM vividha kathAnakonA saMgraharUpa saMpAdanagranthono. saMskRtadhArAnA bRhatkathAkuLanA grantho sAme hoDamAM UtarI zake eTalo samRddha A varga che. A prakAramAM saMgraha pAmelAM asaMkhya nAnAMmoTAM kathAnako ApaNA prAcIna ane madhyakAlIna kathAsAhityanuM bahumUlya dhana che. jaina dhArAmAM cheka Agama, niyukti, paSNAsa ane ArAdhanAdithI, saMpAdita kathAnakonAM jhUmakhAM maLI Ave che. dharmazAstrAnuSaMge e kathAnako mukhyatve upadezAtmaka dRSTAMta rUpe rahyAM che. mULa dharmagranthamAM kyAreka mAtra ullekharUpa rahI jatAM kathAnako TIkAgranthamAM saMpUrNa rUpe mAMDIne kahevAmAM AvyAM che. AvAM kathAnako gadya ke padya to kvacit gadya-padyanA saMmizraNa rUpe nirUpAtAM hoya che. upadezanA hetuthI kahevAmAM AvatA vividha kathAguccho "kathAkoSa' evI saMjJArUpe prAkRta temaja saMskRtamAM maLe che. koI eka mukhya sUtrarUpa kathAnaka sAthe vividha anya TUMkAM kathAnako sAMkaLI levAmAM AvatAM hoya che. ahIM mukhya hetu upadeza ApavAno hovA chatAM vividha prakAranI kathAonI mALA bane che. svataMtra racanA rUpe astitva dharAvatI kathAonuM saMkSipta rUpa ahIM prApta thAya che. AthI kathAkoSa vividha prakAranI kathAono Achero paricaya Apato pratinidhirUpa prakAra che. hariNa, prabhAcandra, merUtuMgasUri, samayasuMdara vagerenA kathAkoza', hemacandrAcAryanuM triSaSTizalAkApuruSacarita', merUtuMgasUrinA "prabaMdhaciMtAmaNi', 'sthavirAvalI', purAtanaprabaMdhasaMgraha' dvAsatatiprabaMdha" ane "caturazItiprabaMdha' jevA graMtho, 'bhArahaTTa-dvArnAizikA', zubhazIlagaNinI "prabaMdhapaMcazatI' vagere paurANika, aitihAsika ane laukika kathAonI saMkhyAbaMdha saMgrahAtmaka racanAo maLe che. AnuM anusaMdhAna madhyakAlIna gujarAtImAM paNa jovA maLe che. bharaDakabatrIsI' ane anya keTalIka kRtio gujarAtImAM utarI AvI che, te uparAMta udayadharmakRta kathAbatrIsI', harajIkRta "vinodacotrIsI' vagere saMgrahAtmaka racanAo maLe che. jaNAyadhamakahAo "uvaesamAlA upadezara-koza' vagere upadezanA tArathI gUMthAyelI kathAonA saMgraho che ane e paNa gujarAtamAM UtarI Avela che. viSayavastunI dRSTie pADelA uparyukta cAra vargomAM samAviSTa thatA jaina dhArAnA samagra vArtAdhanane dharmakathA ane manoraMjaka kathA ema be vargamAM tAttvika rIte vibhakta karI zakAya. A banne varganI kathAonA abhyAsathI vArtAthI ApaNane prAcIna temaja madhyakALamAM zuM apekSita hatuM, teno nirdeza maLI rahe che. eTaleke Avo abhyAsa. vAtavibhAvanAnI dRSTie, temaja jaina dhArAnAM kathAnakonA abhyAsanI dRSTie mahattvano banI rahe che.

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30 | madhyakAlIna gujarAtI jaina sAhitya dharmakathA dharmasiddhAMtanA draSTAMta rUpe ke dharmanAM vrata, sthaLa ke vyaktinuM mAhAbhya darzAvavAnA hetuthI je kathAo nirUpAI temAM keTalIka mULabhUta manoraMjaka lokakathAo paNa che. dharmAsiddhAMtanI tattvacarcAmAM sAmAnya mANasane rasa ane samaja na paDe tethI laukika vizvanI manoraMjaka kathAo dvArA dharmatattvane pragaTa karavAno upakrama to bhAratavyApI ane vizvavyApI che. vyavahArajJAna nIti ane dharmanA jJAnane sarvagamya ane rasaprada banAvavAmAM vAta mukhya sAdhana che. 'vasudevahiMDI'mAM dharmasenagaNie granthAraMbhamAM "NaravAhanadattAdIrNa kahAo kAmiyAo logo NagaMNa kAmakahAsu rajjati' ema jaNAvIne kAmakahArattahi tayamsa jaNassa siMgAra kahAvavaesaNa dharma eva parikahemi' kahyuM che. arthAt kAmakathAmAM loko rasa letA hovAthI zRMgArakathAnA vyapadezathI pote dharmakathA kahe che, ema spaSTa jaNAvyuM che, AthI jene ApaNe zuddha dharmakathAnA varganI gaNIe temAM paNa eka ke bIjA rUpamAM lokaraMjaka kathAo to rahelI ja hoya che. dharmamAhAbhyanI kathAone DaoN. satyendra (madhyayugIna hiMdI sAhityakA lokatAttvika adhyayana, pR. 185) vratakathA, tIrthamAhAmyakathA ane anya ema traNa vargamAM vibhakta kare che. A trivargamAM paNa manoraMjaka kathAnA kuLanI na hoya ane zuddha dharmapravAhamAM ja uddabhava ane poSaNa pAmI hoya evI kathAonI saMkhyA atyalpa hovAnI. cheka vedakALathI lokakathAo dharmakathAonA parivezamAM AvI che. dharmakathAo Ama moTe bhAge manoraMjaka lokakathAo hovA chatAM dharmakathAnA vargane tAttvika rIte bhinna varganI gaNavAnuM kAraNa e che ke dharmamAM pravezatAM lokakathAne navuM ane bhinna evuM rUpa maLe che. jaina dhArAmAM lokaraMjaka kathAono dharmakathA tarIke viniyoga thayo che enI pAchaLa mukhya hetuo 1. potAnA dharmanI zaktinI saMpUrNatA ane mahattA prasthApita karavI, 2. dharmanuM svarUpa spaSTa karavuM ane 3. dharma pratyenI zraddhA dRDha karavI e che. prathama hetune siddha karavA mATe jaina dharmamAM vipula saMkhyAmAM caritagrantho racAyA ane bIjA hetunI siddhi mATe AgamamAM paNa kathAnako saMgrahAyAM. A be hetu mATe AvatAM kathAnakono moTo bhAga dharmamULamAMthI ja poSAtAM kathAnakono che, paraMtu trIjA hetunI siddhimAM anya pravAhanAM kathAnako samAviSTa thayAM che. manoraMjaka lokakathAmAMthI, anya saMpradAya ke pravAhamAMthI jaina dhArAmAM aneka svarUpa ane prakAranAM kathAnako samAviSTa thayAM, paraMtu tema chatAM pratyekamAM e dhArAnI nijI mudrA aMkita thayelI che. jyAre koI eka viziSTa vicArasaraNI ane jIvanabhAvanAthI viSayavastunI pasaMdagI ane nirUpaNa thatAM hoya che tyAre tenA samagra saMpAdanarAzimAM svakIya gaNI zakAya evI lAkSaNikatA svayameva pragaTe che. jaina dhArAnA kathAsAhityamAMthI paNa AvI keTalIka lAkSaNikatA A prakAranI che :

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jaina kathAsAhitya H keTalIka lAkSaNikatA [] 31 (1) janmajanmAntaranAM kathAnako karmavapAkanA dharmasiddhAMtamAM agragAmI jaina dharmanA kathAsAhityamAM asad kRtyanAM tadanurUpa phaLa bhavAntare maLe evuM darzAvatAM kathAnakonuM bAhulya to rahe ja. kathAne manoraMjaka ane camatkArI banAvavAno hetu paNa raheto. AthI A prakAranAM kathAnakomAM aneka daMtakathAo (legends) sacavAI che. NAyadhammakAo'nA teramA prakaraNanI kathAmAM vividha bhavane aMte mANasane devatva zI rIte prApta thAya che e darzAvatuM kathAnaka prApta thAya che. soLamA prakaraNamAM to brAhmaNadhArAnI kRSNa ane draupadInI kathAno jainAvatAra maLe che. pAMca vividha puruSone mANatI vezyAnA dRzyanuM sukha potAne maLe to kevuM sAruM evuM mRtyukALe icchatI, tapa karatI sukumAlikA bIje bhave draupadI banI. samAjazAstranI dRSTie vicArIe to mahAbhAratamAM AvatuM eka strI ane enA pAMca patinuM vRttAnta bahupatitvanI sAmAjika sthitinuM paricAyaka che. samagra jaina pravAhamAM nAyakanA aneka bhavone sAMkaLI letI asaMkhya kathAo caritragrantha ane rAsAomAM maLI Ave che. anya dhArAomAM janmajanmAMtaranAM kathAnakonuM pramANa ATaluM nathI. chatAM nAnAMnAnAM bhinnavibhinna svataMtra kathAnakone koI eka vyaktinAM vividha bhava rUpe sAMkaLI laIne emAMthI madhyama ke moTA kadanuM kathAnaka sarjavAmAM jUnI sAmagrImAMthI ja navI kathA sarjavAnI anukULatA hoI jainetara raMjaka kathAomAM paNa keTalIka vAra pAtranA vividha bhavonI kathAne AlekhavAmAM AvI che. sadevaMta sAvaliMgA' jevI zuddha manoraMjaka lokakathAmAM paNa je bhavobhavanAM kathAnako saMkaLAyAM tenuM kAraNa jaina dhArAnI madhyakAlIna sAmAnya sAhityadhArA para paDelI asara che. (2) vipulasaMkhya lokakathAo brAhmaNadhArA karatAM bauddha ane jaina dhArAmAM janasAmAnyamAM viharatI lokakathAonI sAmagrIno upayoga vipula pramANamAM thayo che. vizvaniyaMtA IzvaranI kalpanAno svIkAra karatI brAhmaNadhArAnA kathAsAhityamAM devI-devatAonI vipulasaMkhya vArtAo che. karmane prAdhAnya ApatI jaina dhArAmAM A prakAranAM pAtronI sRSTi saMgata na hoI devI-devatAo, RSio ane rAjavIone badale zreSThIo ane janasAmAnyavarganAM pAtronI vArtAone dharmasAhityamAM sthAna ApyuM. jaina dhArAe lokabhASAne sthAna ApyuM tema lokasRSTine paNa agatyanuM sthAna ApyuM. devatA, kinnara, apsarA, gandharva, vidyAdhara, zreSThI vagerenI sAthe samAjanA nimna staranA loko, cora, lUMTArA, vyaMtara, DAkaNa ityAdine paNa sthAna maLyuM. lokaraMjaka kathAnAM prema, zRMgAra, sAhasa, zaurya, tilasmAtI ghaTanAo paNa A kAraNe jaina dhArAnA kathAsAhityamAM sthAna pAme che. (3) saMsAranI asAratA viSayavAsanA temaja saMsArI saMbaMdho paratve vairAgya jagADe evAM kathAnako

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32 [] madhyakAlIna gujarAtI jaina sAhitya A dhArAnI trIjI lAkSaNikatA che. saMsArI rasa ane saMbaMdhanI kSaNikatA ane asAratA vize bodhavacano kahevAne badale jaina AcAryoe vArtAnA sAmarthyano upayoga karI saMsAra ane viSayavAsanA pratye jugupsA jAge ne vairAgyabhAvanA dRDha thAya evAM kathAnako ApavAno manovaijJAnika mArga apanAvyo che. kube2datta ane kuberadattAnI jANItI kathA dvArA mAtA, pitA, bhAI, bahena, putra, pati, patnInA saMsArI saMbaMdho kevA asthAyI, bhrAmaka ane paristhitijanya che te darzAvyuM che. kuberasenA ane kuberadattathI thayeluM saMtAna sAdhvI banelI kuberadattAno saMsArI saMbaMdhe bhAI, diyara, putra, kAkA ane bhatrIjo che ! kube2datta eno bhAI, pati, pitA, pitAmaha, sasaro ane putra sudhdhAM che ! saMsArasaMbaMdhanI nazvaratAnuM ATaluM dhAradAra nirUpaNa vizvavADmayamAM ajoDa che ! A rIte vamana karIne khAdhelA dUdhapAkano svAda pharIthI levA icchatA brAhmaNabaTunA dRSTAMta dvArA 'vasudevahiMDI'mAM bhavadevano vairAgya daDhAvavAno prayatna thayo che te paNa A saMdarbhanuM noMdhapAtra udAharaNa che. (4) rUpakagranthi kathAnako dharmArtha kathAomAM dRSTAMta tarIke moTe bhAge eka sphoTavALA TucakAno upayoga thato hoya che. kvacit sAhasakathA, parikathA ke pazukathAno paNa dRSTAMtakathAmAM upayoga thAya che. A prakAranAM kathAnakomAM vastujanya ghaTanAmUlaka vismayamAMthI sphurato camatkArano aMza mukhya hoya che. paraMtu jaina dhArAnAM keTalAMka evAM paNa kathAnako che jemAM dekhItI rIte koI ghaTanAjanya camatkAra hoto nathI. rUpakagranthi kathAnako A prakAranAM che. siddhAMtAnurUpa saMdarbha ja A prakAramAM sUkSma camatkArano aMza bane che. kathAsaritsAgaranA bhramaramAlAnA kuLanAM AvAM kathAnakomAM jaina dhArAmAM gAyadhammakahAo'mAM AvatuM sAdhu ane padmanuM, be kAcabA, pANI, ghoDAo e cAra dRSTAMto ke 'vasudevahiMDI'mAM AvatAM madhubindunuM dRSTAMta, garbhavAsanA duHkha vize lalitAMganuM dRSTAMta ke nIlayazA laMbakamAM AvatuM kAgaDAnuM dRSTAMta AnAM suMdara udAharaNo che. 10 11 12 A prakAranAM jaina dhArAnAM kathAnakomAM vastujanya camatkAra ane saMdarbhajanya sUkSma camatkAra banne che. brAhmaNadhArAmAM upaniSada ane vedAMtanI dRSTAMtakathAomAM A prakAra jovA maLe che. (5) strIcaritra saMsAranI asAratA ane vairAgyanI sthApanAne kAraNe jaina dhArAmAM prAkRta ane jUnI gujarAtImAM lokaraMjaka kathAomAM strIcaritranI kathAone vizeSa sthAna maLyuM che. joke hakIkate to A prakAranAM kathAnako emAM rahelI yukti (device)ne kA2Ne ja vizeSa rasaprada banatAM hoI, prayojAyAM che. je yuktithI strI zithila cAritryamAM bacI zake che, e ja yuktithI e ziyaLane rakSatI paNa jaina dhArAnI zIlavatI jevI kathAmAM joI zakAya che.

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jaina kathAsAhitya : keTalIka lAkSaNiktA ] 33 Ama prAcIna ane madhyakAlIna sAhityanuM suMdara, sarvAzleSI ane saMpUrNa rUpa jaina dhArAnI kathAomAM jaLavAyuM che. bhASA ane prajAnAM sthityaMtaro vahetA kALanI sAthe lupta thatAM hoya che. jagatamAM saMskRtino Adiyuga AraMbhAyo tyArathI zarU karIne Aja sudhImAM je kaMI ghaTanAo ghaTI te kALanA pravAhamAM vilupta banI che, paraMtu eno kathAtmaka itihAsa, jaina dharmamAM dharmasAhityanA poSaNa ane saMrakSaNanI prAcInatama paraMparA hoI, Aja sudhI akSata, akSara rahyo che. vizvasamaganI mAnavakuLanI vikAsayAtrAnAM padacihno saMskRta - sabhya mANasanI kathAvAtamAM jaLavAyAM che ethI bhAratanuM prAcInatama kathAsAhitya amUlya dhana manAya che. paraMtu prAcIna ane madhyakAlamAM paNa je kALapravAhamAM ane aMdhAdhUMdha rAjakIya ane sAmAjika paristhitimAM lupta thaI gayuM, teno ghaNo moTo aMza jaina dhArAmAM jaLavAyo che. AthI jaina kathAsAhitya koI dharma, vAda ke saMpradAyanI ja nahIM, samagra saMskRta mAnavasamAjanI amUlya mUDI che. A srotanA kathAsAhityamAMthI dharma ane mAtra kathAtattvanA sthUla aMzo pAra karIne emAM dhabakatA sabhyatA, saMskRtinA mAnavaitihAsane jovAnI, pAmavAnI jemanI pAse dRSTi che emane mATe to A kathAsAhitya ATalA amathA jIvanamAM saMpUrNa jANI-pANI-pAmI na zakAya evI agAdha akhUTa saMpatti ane sAmagrI che. pAdaTIpa 1. kathAkoSa hariSeNa, saMpAdaka DaoN.ena. upAdhdha prathama AvRtti, prastAvanA, pR. 21 2. NAyadhammakAo, gujarAtI bhASAMtara, saM. becaradAsa paMDita, pR.14 3. ejana, pR.23 4. ejana, pR.37 5. upadezapada, gujarAtI bhASAMtara, prathama AvRtti, pR.136 6. kathAkoSamAM 31mI vArtA. vasudevahiMDI'mAM pR.120 7. hariSaNakRta kathAkoSa'no upodyAta, pR.86 8. ejana, pR.21 9. vasudevahiMDI, DaoN. sAMDesarA, pR.28 10. ejana, pR.10 11. ejana, pR.13. 12. ejana, pR.218

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jaina phAgukAvyo H keTalIka lAkSaNikatAo jayaMta koThArI 1. jainetarane mukAbale jaina phAgukAvyo vipula saMkhyAmAM maLe che, jANe ema lAge ke A jaina kAvyaprakAra che ! jaina phAgukAvyo ochAmAM ochAM 60 jeTalAM to jANavA maLe che, jyAre jainetara phAguracanAo dazekathI vadhAre jANavA maLatI nathI. 'prAcIna phAgusaMgraha' (saMpA. bhogIlAla sAMDesarA, somAbhAI pArekha, 1960)mAM saMgRhIta phAgukAvyomAM 33 jaina che, 5 jainetara che. 2. jaina phAgukAvyono racanAsamaya caudamA zatakathI sattaramA zataka jeTalo cAra saikAnA paTamAM vistare che. jainetara phAgukAvyo soLamA zataka pachInAM khAsa maLatAM nathI. A parathI samajAya che ke phAgukAvyanI eka sAhityaparipATI jaina paraMparAmAM baMdhAI che. 3. sau prathama phAgukAvyo jaina kavionI racanAo hovAnuM ja samajAya che. ajJAta kavikRta 'jinacaMdasUri phAgu' 1300 AsapAsanI racanA che ane jinapadmasUrikRta 'sthUlibhadra phAgu' 1340 AsapAsanI racanA che. jUnAmAM jUnuM jainetara manAtuM phAgukAvya ajJAta kavikRta 'vasaMtavilAsa' gaNAya. eno racanAsamaya 1350 AsapAsano gaNAya che. 4. phAga gAvAno ja nahIM, khelavAno ramavAno kAvyaprakAra hato evA ullekho jaina phAguracanAomAM vizeSapaNe maLe che. jainetara phAguracanAomAM phAga gAvAnA ullekho maLe che ne vasaMtakhelananA ullekha paNa maLe che paNa A phAguracanA ja ramavA mATe - nRtya sAthe 2jU ka2vA mATe che evA spaSTa ullekho sAMpaDatA nathI. phAgu belaDIe strIpuruSanI joDIe gAvA-ramavAnA ullekho paNa jaina phAguracanAomAM maLe che. A parathI ema lAge che ke phAguracanAo A rIte rAsanRtya sAthe gAvAnI paripATI jaina paraMparAmAM vyavasthita ane dRDha haze. 4. phAga eTale mULabhUta rIte to phAgaNa-caitrano vasaMtotsava, vasaMtakhelana, hoLIkhelana. phAgukAvyono viSaya paNa vasaMtavarNana, ane ene anuSaMge zRMgAravarNana. paNa 'phAgu'ne nAme oLakhAvAyelI A racanAo jaina temaja jainetara A viSayanI maryAdAmAM baMdhAyelI rahI nathI. ajJAta kavikRta 'rivilAsa phAgu'no mukhya viSaya kRSNanI rAsalIlAno che, te sAthe e saMkSepamAM bALalIlAne paNa samAve che. caturbhujakRta "bhramaragItA phAga' bhAgavatanA

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jaina phAgumAvyo : keTalIka lAkSaNikatAo [ 35 uddhavaprasaMganA viSayanuM kAvya che. emAM gopIono kRSNaviraha vIgate AlekhAyo che te sAthe kRSNanuM mathurAgamana, mathurAmAM kRSNanAM parAkramo vagerenuM Alekhana paNa che. eTaleke e eka vRttAntakAvya banavA jAya che. A uparAMta bAramAsI ("cupaI phAga') tathA strIcaritranI kathA (mohinI phAgu') jevA viSayo paNa sthAna pAmyA che. AmAM zRMgAravarNanane - keTalIka vAra to virahavarNanane ja - avakAza maLe che paNa vasaMtavarNananI taka rahetI nathI. jena phAgukavitAnuM viSayavaividhya ghaNuM moTuM che. tema-rAjulaviSayaka phAgukAvyo vipula saMkhyAmAM maLe che emAM thoDuM vasaMtavarNana Ave che, paNa sAthe neminAthanuM caritra gUMthAtuM hoya che. keTalIka vAra to caritravarNana vIgate thAya che (dhanadevagaNikRta "suraMgAbhidha nemi phAga', ratnamaMDanagaNikRta 'raMgasAgara neminAtha phAgu'). phAgu kevaLa caritrakathAnuM rUpa paNa laI le che - eka nAnakaDA rAsa jevI racanA banI jAya che (mAladevakRta "sthUlibhadra phAgu, ajJAta kavikRta 'bharatezvara cakravartI phAga'). "maMgalakalaza' jevI lokavArtA paNa "phAgu'ne nAme oLakhAya che. tIrthavarNana-tIrthamahimA (prasannacandrasUrikRta "rAvaNi pArzvanAtha phAgu', merunandanakRta jIrApallI pArzvanAtha phAgu), AcAyadi vyaktivizeSonAM caritravarNana ane prazasti (ajJAta kavikata "jinacandrasUri phAgu', kamalazekharakRta "dharmamUrtigura phAga'), sAdhupaTTAvalI (ajJAta kavikRta "guvavalI phAga'). bAramAsI (ajJAta kaviDuiMgarakRta neminAtha phAgu'), jJAnAzrayI rUpaka (lakSmIvallabhakRta 'adhyAtma phAga', ajJAta kavikRta "vAhaNanuM phAga'), jJAnavairAgyabodha vRddhivijayakatA jJAnagItA'), vairAgyabodhaka nArIvarNana (ratnamaMDanagaNikRta "nArInirAsa phAga') tathA mUkha patinuM duHkha jevA sAMsArika viSayo ('mUrkha phAga') paNa jaina phAgukAvyomAM sthAna pAme che. banyuM che evuM ke AMtaryamakavALA ke sAdA duhA e phAgukAvyono mukhya padyabaMdha rahyo che. ethI A padabaMdha phAga ke phAganI dezI tarIke oLakhAvA lAgyo ane emAM thayelI vividha viSayanI racanAo "phAgu'nuM nAma pAmI. vastutaH keTalIka racanAo anya oLakha paNa dharAvatI hoya che. jemake "maMgalakalaza phAga' caritra ke prabaMdha paNa kahevAya che. 5 jaina phAgukAvyonA racayitAo saMsAravirakta sAdhumunio hatA. emaNe phAguracanAne dharmabodha ane dharmamahimAnA sAdhana rUpe prayojI che. jaina phAgukAvyonA viSayo A spaSTa rIte batAvI Ape che. AthI ja, jaina phAgukAvyomAM zRMgAranuM nirUpaNa Ave toye enuM pariNamana upazamamAM - vairAgyabhAvamAM thAya che. A phAgukAvyanA nAyako saMsArI puruSo nathI, paraMtu neminAtha jevA tIrthaMkara ne sthUlibhadra jevA munivara che. jemaNe saMsAra tyajI saMyamadharmano mArga svIkAryo che. emanAM vizenAM kAvyo vairAgyanuM pratipAdana karavAmAM ja pariName ne ? phAgukAvya nirbheLa

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36 [] madhyakAlIna gujarAtI jaina sAhitya zRMgAranuM kAvya banI rahetuM hoya evuM javalle ja bane che. jayavaMtasUrikRta 'sthUlibhadra kozA premavilAsa phAga', guNavaMtasUrikRta 'vasaMta phAga' jevI racanAo apavAdarUpa ja gaNAya. 'sthUlibhadra kozA premavilAsa phAga'mAM kozAnA viroAro ja che ane kAvyAtte sAdhuveze sthUlibhadranuM Agamana thAya che, toye kozApratibodha sudhI vRttAnta jatuM nathI ane sahune svajanamilananuM sukha maLe evI phalazruti sAthe kAvya pUruM thAya che. vasaMta phAga'mAM vasaMtaRRtumAM virahazRMgAra ane saMyogazRMgAranAM citraNo ja che. jaina muninuM nAma na hoya to A kRtine koI jaina racanA ja na mAne. 6. jaina phAgukAvyonA keTalAka viSayo to evA che ke emAM vasaMtavarNanano prasaMga raheto nathI. vasaMtavarNana Ave che tyAM paNa ghaNI vAra alpa ane AnuSaMgika hoya che. neminAtha vizenAM phAgukAvyomAM vasaMtakrIDA kRSNa ane emanI rANIonI varNavAya che. neminAtha to ethI alipta. vasaMtaRtune badale varSARtu paNa Ave kemake jaina sAdhuo cAturmAsa eka sthaLe gALatA hoya che. jinapadmasUrinA 'sthUlibhadra phAgu'mAM varSARtu che. varSARtu virahabhAvanA uddIpanavibhAva tarIke ApaNe tyAM hamezAM jovAI che. A kAvyamAM paNa virahiNInA virahabhaya, kAmapIDA Adi bhAvone varSARRtunuM vAtAvaraNa utkaTatA arpatuM varNavAyuM che. 7. jaina phAgukAvyonA nAyako tIrthaMkaro ne munivaro che, eTaluM ja nahIM, neminAtha ne jaMbusvAmI jevA to janmathI virakta che. kuTuMbInonA AgrahathI e lagnasaMbaMdha svIkAre che, paNa taka maLatAM ja e vairAgyadharma tarapha vaLI jAya che. emAM saMyogazRMgAranA Alekhanane kyAMthI avakAza hoya ? ekapakSI prema ane jene vipralaMbhazRMgAra tarIke oLakhAvI zakAya evA rAjula vagerenA AkAMkSA, utsukatA, rAgavivazatA, viyoganI vyathA e bhAvo ja varNavAya. sthUlibhadra to kozA vezyAne tyAM bAra varSa rahyA hatA. emanAye saMyogazRMgArane AlekhavAnuM jaina munikavioe ichyuM nathI. kozAno paNa virahabhAva ja AlekhAyo che. jaina kavionuM zRMgAra-Alekhana ghaNI vAra virahavarNanano paNa lAbha letuM nathI, strInA sauMdaryavarNana-AbhUSaNavarNanamAM ja pirasamApta thAya che. tIrthaMkaradevanI bhakti karatI nArIonuM paNa saundaryavarNana. bIjI bAju, nArInAM aMgonuM vairAgyabodhaka upamAnothI paNa varNana thayuM che. AcAryonI prazastinAM phAgukAvyomAM keTalIka vA2 kAmavijayano prasaMga AlekhAyo che, emAM kAmadevanI sAmagrI tarIke vasaMtanAM ane nArInA rUpazRMgAranAM varNana Ave che. Ama, koI paNa rIte 'phAgu' nAmane sArthaka karavAno prayatna thayo che, tema chatAM keTalAMka kAvyo AvA prAsaMgika, AchA, rUpakAtmaka vasaMta-zRMgA2varNanathI paNa vaMcita rahyAM che. 8. jaina phAguono viSayavistAra ane racanAprastAra jotAM dhImedhIme e

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jaina phAgukAvyo : keTalIka lAkSaNikatAo [ 37 prekSya-geya maTIne geya-pAkya banatAM gayAM haze ema anumAna thAya che. pachIthI phAgu ramavAnA ullekho paNa ochA thatA jAya che. 9. jaina phAgukAvyo padyabaMdhanuM ghaNuM vaividhya batAve che. jainetara phAgukAvyo bahudhA AMtarayamakavALA ke sAdA duhAmAM racAyelAM che, tyAre jaina phAgukAvyomAM te uparAMta roLa, rAsa, aDhayu, AMdolA, jhUlaNAnA 17 mAtrAnA uttarArdhathI banelo chaMda' (caMdra') vagere mAtrAmeLa chaMdo ane "kAvyuM ke "zloka' evA nAmathI zArdUlavikrIDita vagere saMskRta akSarameLa vRttono viniyoga thayo che. uparAMta, koI phAguomAM dezI DhALo paNa prayojAyelI che, jemAM phAganI DhALano paNa samAveza thAya che ("maMgalakalaza phAga', kalyANakRta "vAsupUjya manorama phAga'). jainetara phAguomAM bahudhA AMtarayamakavALA duhA ke sAdA duhAnA ekamAtra padyabaMdhavALI racanArIti jovA maLe che. jaina phAguomAM vividha padhabaMdha prayojatI ane bhAsabaddha racanAo paNa maLe che. bhAsa eTale eka duhA ane eka ke ekathI vadhu roLAnuM baneluM ekama. kRti AvA ekamomAM vaheMcAyelI hoya ("sthUlibhadra phAgu'). vividha chaMdonI cokkasa prakAranI goThavaNIvALA ekamo prayojatI racanArIti paNa jovA maLe che. jemake, dhanadevagaNita "suraMgAbhidha nemi phAga'mAM "kAvya' zIrSakathI zArdUlavikrIDita, rAsaka, aDhela, phAga e cAra chaMdonAM ekamo prayojAyAM che. cokkasa goThavaNI vinA paNa vividha chaMdo vaparAyA che. jemake, ajJAta kavikRta 'rANapuramaMDana caturmukha AdinAtha phAga'mAM rAsao, aMdolA, aDhIyA, kAvya, phAga e chaMdo vaparAyA che. 10. saMmatinA saMskRta zloko bahArathI uddhata karavAnI rIti 'vasaMtavilAsa' jevA jainetara phAgukAvyomAM jovA maLe che, paNa kavi potAnA racelA saMskRta zloko gUMthe evuM to jaina phAguomAM ja jovA maLe che. "suraMgAbhidha nemi phAga'mAM vyAraMbhe ane kAvyAnta ekaeka saMskRta zloka kavino svaracita che. mANikyasuMdarasUrita 'mIzvaracarita phAgabaMdha' dareka ekamamAM ekaeka saMskRta zloka gUMthe che. ratnamaMDanagaNikata "nArI nirAsa phAga'mAM dareka gujarAtI kaDI pachI e ja bhAva-vicAra laIne racAyelo saMskRta zloka Ave che. saMskRta zlokonI A gUMthaNI jaina kavionuM pAMDitya darzAve che. 11. chelle, eka nAnakaDo muddo. jainetara kavionI phAguracanAomAMthI moTA bhAganI ajJAta kavinI racanAo che. caturbhujakRta 'bhramaragItA phAga ane sonI rAmakRta 'vasaMtavilAsa" e be ja jJAtakartIka racanAo che. jaina phAgukAvyomAMthI moTA. bhAganI - 75 TakA jeTalI - racanAo jJAtakaka che. Ama kema banyuM haze ?

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madhyakAlIna jaina phAgu-bAramAsA sAhitya: eka dRSTipAta kha ma ma ma ma ma ma ma ma ma ma ma = = = = = = = = - - - - ramaNalAla jozI phAguno kAvyaprakAra anya prAcIna prakAronI jema lokasAhityamAMthI UtarI Avyo hoya ane enAM mULa manuSyanA AnaMda-harSollAsanI svAbhAvika abhivyaktimAM rahyAM hoya. prAcInamAM prAcIna prakAra kavitA che ane eno nRtya sAthe saMbaMdha hovAnuM vidvAno svIkAre che. e rIte phAguo paNa nRtya sAthe gavAtA. Aje rAjasthAnamAM gavAya paNa che. eka rIte phAguo geya rUpakone maLatAM Ave che. A phAguonI be mukhya dhArAo te jaina ane jainetara phAguo. jainetara phAguomAM zrIkRSNanI kriIDAo varNavAya che, jyAre jaina phAguomAM vasaMtano prabhAva ane uddIpaka zRMgAra hovA chatAM enuM upazamana chevaTe kAmatattva upara vijaya ane AtmajJAnanI upalabdhimAM thatuM hoya che. A phAguomAM aMte adhyAtma-cayanI vAta Ave che eTalA uparathI ene upadezapradhAna sAhitya tarIke oLakhAvAya e barAbara nathI. emAM paNa kAvyatvanA camakArA TheraThera varatAya che. alabatta, keTalAMka jaina phAguonI paeNTarna ekasarakhI jovA maLe che. kadAca harakoI mAnAmAM vibhinna kAvyazailIo aMge Ama banatuM haze. A phAguomAM vividha rasonuM Alekhana anya kavitAnA jevuM ja hoya che. jaina phAguomAM neminAtha, sthUlibhadra ane jaMbUsvAmInuM kathAnaka varNavI aMte kAmatatva, hiMsA ke mohavilAsa parano vijaya darzAvI AtmajJAna ane vairAgyane mArge gati thatI batAvAya che. jUnAmAM jUnA gaNAtA jinapadrasUrikRta 'dhUlibhadra phAgu'mAM pATalIputranA naMdarAjAnA maMtrI zakaTAlanA putra sthUlibhadra nagaranI vezyA kozAnA premamAM paDyA. bAra varSa sudhI te ene tyAM rahyA. zakaTAlanA avasAna pachI pradhAnapadano emaNe asvIkAra karyo tathA rAjyanI khaTapaTo ane pitAnA mRtyu jevI ghaTanAe emane tIvra vairAgya utpanna thayo. gura saMbhUtivijaya pAse dIkSA lIdhI. potAnA vairAgyanI kasoTI karavA te paheluM cAtumasa gALavA kozAne tyAM ja gayA. kozA to emane joI harSaghelI banI. aneka hAvabhAva ane ceSTAo dvArA temane caLAvavA prayatna karyo paNa sthUlibhadra aNanama rahyA. UlaTuM temaNe kozAne paNa dharmopadeza Apyo ane eno uddhAra karyo. sAmAnya rIte phAgumAM phAgaNa ane vasaMtanuM varNana AvatuM hoya che. paraMtu A phAgumAM nAyaka sAdhu hovAthI ane prasaMga cAturmAsano hovAthI varSARtunuM varNana prastuta banyuM che. varSovarNanamAM camatkRti che. jharamara jharamara varasatA megha ane jhabajhaba thatA vIja-jhabakArane zabdanA Avartana dvArA mUrta karIne virahiNInA

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madhyakAlIna jaina phAgu-bAramAsA sAhitya : eka dRSTipAta D 39 kaMpatA mananuM je varNana karavAmAM AvyuM che te tAdraza che. kAlidAsa meghane saMdezavAhaka banAvI samagra bhAratanI prakRti ane saMskRtinuM kAvyasaurabhathI mahekamaheka thatuM varNana Ape che to ahIM TUMkA phalaka upara vaSavarNananI sAthe kozAnA hRdayabhAvanI vAta mUkIne sopasthiti dvArA camatkRti siddha karI che. Ameya phAguomAM AvatAM zRMgAravarNano ke kAmoddIpaka prasaMgo keTalIka vAra kAvyocita kaoNnTrAsTa dvArA aMte sadhAtA upazamane asarakAraka banAve che. neminAtha vizenAM phAguomAM rAjazekharasUri ane jayasiMhasUrinAM jUnAM che. 'neminAtha phAgu'mAM neminAthanuM sagapaNa ugrasenanI putrI rAjimatI sAthe thayeluM. neminAthanI jAna ugrasenane tyAM jAya che. emanI najara vADAmAM purAyelAM gheTAM-bakarAM upara paDI. A to temanA bhakSya mATenI taiyArI che. pazuonI hiMsAnA khyAlathI temane vairAgya Avyo. paraNyA vinA pAchA pharyA. A tarapha rAjimatI rAha jotI rahI. sAcI vAta jANatAM tene paNa kheda thayo. eNe paNa tapazcayano mArga pasaMda karyo. ahIM vasaMtavihAranuM varNana che paNa enI chevaTanI pariNati jIvananI sAcI vasaMtanA prAgaTyamAM thAya che. kavi sundaram eka kAvyamAM kahe che ke amArI managopikA basa athaMbha rAse cage. A rAsa te akhAe kahyuM hatuM tema nitya rAsa nArAyaNano che. rAjimatInuM, neminAthanA varaghoDAnuM ane kanyAnA zaNagAranuM varNana citrAtmaka che. varane AturatApUrvaka nIrakhavA beThelI rAjimatInuM varNana tAdRza che. e pachI Avato bhAvapalaTo svAbhAvika che. rAjimatInI pravajyA Akasmika lAgatI nathI. eka rasamAMthI bIjA rasamAM gati karavAnI phAvaTa A kavione svAbhAvika hatI. jabUsvAmI phAgu' sauthI jUnuM eka ajJAta kavinuM che. emAM dhanADhya zeTha RSabhadattanA ekanA eka putrane mAtApitA paraNAvavA mAge che. ekasAmaTAM ATha kanyAonAM mAgAM AvyAM. RSabhadatte AThenuM sagapaNa svIkAryuM. paraMtu sudhamasviAmInA upadezathI jaMbUsvAmIne saMsAra upara vairAgya Upajyo. mAtApitAne dIkSA levAnI vAta karI. mAtA putrane varanA vezamAM jovA icche che. RSabhadatte AThe kanyAonAM mAbApane bolAvIne jaNAvyuM ke lagna pachI temano putra dikSA levAno che. kanyAoe te jyAre dIkSA leze tyAre pote paNa leze ema kahyuM. chevaTe AThe kanyAo sAthe lagna thayuM. evAmAM prabhava nAme corono saradAra zeThano bhaMDAra lUMTavA Avyo paNa brahmacaryaniSTha jaMbUsvAmIe ene mahAta karyo. eTaluM ja nahIM paNa prabhavane paNa saMsAranI asAratA samajAvI. A kanyAo ane temanAM mAtApitA sameta saue sudhamasviAmI pAse dIkSA lIdhI. A phAgumAM AvatuM vasaMtaRtunuM varNana jaMbUkamAranA jIvananI vasaMta sAthe pratIkAtmaka rIte saMvAdI banyuM che. e enA racayitAnI kavitvazaktinuM paricAyaka che. A varNana batAve che ke prakRtinuM A prAcIna kavionuM nirIkSaNa keTaluM jhINuM ane AtmIyatApUrvakanuM hatuM.

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40 ] madhyakAlIna gujarAtI jaina sAhitya AjubAjunI prakRti sAthe te kevA otaprota thayA hatA ane chatAM / kadAca ethI ja saMsAranI asAratA temane abhinna thaI hatI. atyAranI jIvanarItimAM to narI prakRtivimukhatA pravarte che ! kavi jayazekharasUrinA 'neminAtha phAgu'mAM virahiNInA mananI avasthA ane giranAra uparanA vasaMtaviAranuM varNana asarakAraka che. keTalAka phAgumAM kevaLa sAMsArika varNana paNa hoya che. guNacaMdasUri nAme eka jaina sAdhue lakhela 'vasaMta phAgu'mAM zRMgAranuM surekha varNana Ave che. kavigata tATasthyano e kImiyo che. saMsAratyAgI sAMsArika rasane paNa yathArtha rIte oLakhI zake che. prAcIna sAhityamAM jIvananA ullAsanuM gAna nathI evo munazIno jANIto mata have to nirAdhAra puravAra thayo che. jaina phAguomAM paNa jIvanano ullAsa jovA maLe che, paNa enI chevaTanI pariNita upazamamAM thAya che. bAramAsAno prakAra e phAgunuM ja anusaMdhAna che. jaina ane jainetara kavioe A prakAra kheDyo che. RtuvarNananI sAthosAtha mAnavabhAvanuM sarasa saMyojana emAM thatuM. jaina kavioe 'neminAtha catuSpadikA', 'rAjimatI bAramAsa', 'sthUlibhadra bAramAsA', 'nemarAjula bAramAsA' vagere bAramAsAkAvyo ApyAM che. emAM mukhyatve neminAtha, sthUlibhadra, nema-rAjulanA kathAnakano upayoga thayo che. saikAo sudhI jaina kavio A kathAnakano upayoga karatA rahyA che. dhArmika nirUpaNa mATe A viSaya ghaNo lokapriya hato. DaoN. harivallabha bhAyANI kahe che, "A jaina bAramAsIo mukta sarjano nathI. e lokapriya laukika prakAranA anukaraNamAM dhArmika bhAvanA ane aupadezika dRSTithI karAyelI racanAo che. tethI saheje temAM kAvyatattva gauNa hoya. chatAM thoDIka racanAo, keTalAka khaMDo ane keTalIka paMktio hRdayaMgama ane kAvya lekhe TakI zake tevAM che, varNana, chaMda, alaMkAra ane racanArItinI keTalAka jaina munioe prazasya hathoTI prApta karI hovAnI ghotaka che.' AvI racanAomAM jayavaMtasUrikRta 'neminAtha-rAjimatI bAramAsa, vinayavijayakRta 'nemarAjula bAramAsA', kapUvijayakRta 'naimarAjula bAramAsA' vagerene mUkI zakAya. koIkoI racanAo custa rIte 'phAgu' ke 'bAramAsI'mAM mukAya evI nathI evo mata sva. maMjulAla 2. majamudAre darzAvyo che. muni vinayavijayakRta 'bhramaragIta'ne 'phAgu' ke 'bAramAsI'mAM mUkI zakAya tema nathI. 'rAyacaMdrasUriguru bAramAsa'mAM "gurunA pUrvAzramanI bahena (jenuM nAma 'saMpUrAM' ApyuM che) virAgavRttivALA bhAIne sAmAnya saMsArI jananI jema saMsAranA bhoga bhogavavA samajAve che, tenuM mAsa-RRtu paratve je varNana karavAmAM Ave che tene adhyAtmajJAna dRSTie nihALavAnuM, AgaLa jatAM cAritra grahaNa karatAM rAyacaMdrasUri banelA bhAI, samajAve che" ema kahyA pachI muni jayacaMdaNanI A racanAnI viziSTatA nirdezatAM maMjulAla majamudAre yathArtha kahyuM che ke "AkhuM kAvya pracalita

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madhyakAlIna jaina phAgu-bAramAsA sAhitya : eka dRSTipAta D 41 bAramAsInA vibhAgamAM, tenI kathanazailIne lIdhe navI bhAta pADe che. a-jaina kavioe jJAnamAsa jevo bAramAsIno eka vibhAga zaNagAryo che, paraMtu emAM AvI bhAI-bahenanA saMvAdane miSe je jJAnanI mImAMsAnI mAMgaNI karI che te jovA maLatI nathI." judAjudA mAsanI prakRtinuM varNana ApatAM A badhAM jaina bAramAsI kAvyomAM prakRtino viniyoga bhAvodIpanamAM je rIte karavAmAM Avyo che te khAsa dhyAna kheMce evo che. tAdraza vAtAvaraNa-citraNa pachI Atmabodha taraphanI gati svAbhAvikatApUrvaka nirUpAya che te A jaina racanAonI vizeSatA gaNAya. jainetara bAramAsI kAvyo ke cAraNI racanAo karatAM A racanAo bhAvAbhivyakti, saMvAdo yojavAnI kuzaLatA ane chaMdovidhAna (ane chaMdomizraNa paNa)mAM nokhI tarI Ave che. Adhunika samayamAM phAguno prakAra punarjIvita thayo nathI paraMtu bAramAsIno upayoga Adhunika kavioe paNa karyo che. tema chatAM madhyakALamAM phAgu-bAramAsA sAhitya je rIte vikasyuM. emAM paNa jaina dhArAmAM A kAvyaprakAronuM je kheDANa thayuM che te keTalIka vigatomAM anokhuM kahI zakAya evuM che.

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madhyakAlIna gujarAtI jaina padakavitA rasika mahetA madhyakAlIna gujarAtI sAhityanAM vividha kAvyaprakAromAMno eka lokapriya kAvyaprakAra pada . apabhraMzamAMthI pada ApaNI bhASAmAM UtarI AvyuM che. A kAvyaprakArane e yuganA pratyeka dharma ane saMpradAyanA kavie kheDyuM che, vikasAvyuM che. padanA A kAvyaprakArane vikasAvavAmAM ApaNAM devamaMdirono phALo vizeSa che. madhyakAlIna jainetara padasAhityanI ApaNe tyAM vIgate carcA thaI che paraMtu jaina padasAhityanI vIgatapUrNa carcA maLatI nathI. saMbhava che ke madhyakAlIna jaina padasAhityanA racayitAo jaina sUrio hovAne kAraNe e racanAone mAtra sAMpradAyika gaNIne enI vizeSa carcA karavAmAM na AvI hoya. upAzrayanA zAMta ekAMtamAM karmano kSaya karatAM ane mokSamArganI ArAdhanA ane upAsanA karatAMkaratAM aneka jaina kavioe sarasa padakavitA racI che. jaina padakavitA khUba moTI saMkhyAmAM maLI Ave che. graMthastha thayelAM Azare be hajAra pado maLI Ave che. mAnavahaiyAMnI bhinnabhinna UrmiomAMthI jaina munioe bhaktinI Umine A padomAM naisargika vAcA ApI che. AjanI ApaNI kalAdraSTine saMtoSa ane UrmikAvyanI vizeSatAone pragaTa karI Ape evAM padonI saMkhyA paNa ThIkaThIka moTI che. AnaMdaghanajI, yazovijayajI, kItivijayajI, nyAyasAgarajI vagerenI racanAo ullekhanIya banI rahe che. padanA jaina kAvyaprakArane viSayaSTie A mujaba dazavI zakAya ? (1) 24 tIrthakaronAM guNagAna gAtI bhaktiracanAo "covIzI' tarIke temaja vIza viharamAna devone lagatI padaracanAo "vIzI' tarIke jANItI che. aneka jaina sUrioe A prakAranI covIzI-vIzIo racI che. jaina covIzIono vIgatapUrNa abhyAsa karatAM enI anekavidha samRddhi khullI thAya che. bhAvanI ane bhASAnI sacoTatA, saraLatA, madhuratA ane prAsAdikatA. vividha dezIo-laya-DhALanuM anokhApaNuM tathA saMvedananI utkaTatA emAMnI keTalIya racanAomAM kavitvanA Avezano ApaNane anubhava karAve che. dAkhalA tarIke - * prathama jinezvara praNamIye. jAsa sugaMdhI re kAya, kalpavRkSa pare tAsa IndrANI, nayana je bhRga pere lapaTAya.

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madhyakAlIna gujarAtI jaina padakavitA ] 43 * tero darasa bhale pAyo riSabhajI, meM tero darasa bhale pAyo, kAla anaMtahi bhaTakata, punya anaMta milAyo. * mAtA marudevInA naMda, dekhI thArI mUrati mAruM mana lobhANuMjI, mAruM mana lobhANuM jI, ke mAruM dila lobhANuM jI. * prItalaDI baMdhANI re ajIta jiNaMdazuM, nehagheluM mana mhAruM re, prabhu aLage rahe. * Avo Avo pAsajI muja maLiyA re. * siddhArathanA re naMdana vinavuM, vinataDI avatAra, bhavamaMDapamAM re nATaka nAcIo. *giruA re guNa tama taNA zrI vardhamAna jinarAyA re, suNatAM zravaNe amI jhare, mArI nirmaLa thAye kAyA re. sevo bhaviyA vimala jinezvara, dulahA sajana saMgAjI, evA prabhujInuM darzana levuM te ALasa cAhe gaMgAjI. A covIzInAM keTalAMka pado bodhAtmaka upadezAtmaka che. madhyakALanA pratyeka kavimAM A prakAranI racanAo maLe che. AgaLa darzAvyuM che tema, A padonA raciyatA jaina munio hovAne kAraNe upadezAtmaka ke bodhAtmaka racanAo emanI pAsethI maLe e svAbhAvika che : * janAruM jAya che jIvana, jarA jinava2ne japato jA, hRdayamAM rAkI jinavarane, purANA pApa dhoto jA. khIlyAM je phUlaDAM Aje, jarU2 te kAle karamAze. * dhobIDA, tuM dhoje mananuM dhotIyuM re, rakhe lAgato mela lagAra re, e te mele jaga melo karyo re, viNadhoyuM na rAkhe lagAra re. mAnavInA rojiMdA karmanuM avalaMbana laI upadeza ApatI 2canA paNa maLe che H dAtaNa karatAM bhAvIejI, prabhuguNajala mukha zuddha, ula utArI pramattatAjI, ho mukha nirmala buddha, jatanAye snAna karIejI, kADho mela mithyAtA. upadezanAM padomAM zuSkatA AvI jatI hoya che. emAM kAvyatvanI dRSTie sAmAnya racanAo paNa jovA maLe che H kaDavAM phaLa che krodhanAM, jJAnI ema bole, rIsa taNo rasa jANIye, halAhala tole. krodhathI, mohathI, mAyAthI dUra rahevAno upadeza aneka kavioe Apyo che. premalakSaNA bhaktinI asara nIce lakhAyelAM pado jaina dhArAmAM maLI Ave che. jaina padomAM saMbhogazRMgAranuM nAmanizAna na maLe e hakIkata che paraMtu

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44 ] madhyakAlIna gujarAtI jaina sAhitya vipralaMbhazRMgAranI keTalIka racanAo AkarSaka banI che. khAsa karIne bAvIsamA tIrthaMkara nema ane rAjulanAM pAtrone keMdramAM rAkhI A prakAranAM pado racAyAM che. eTaluM ja nahIM, AkhuM pada rAjulane mukhe mukAyuM hoya evI racanAo paNa maLe che. raho re raho ratha pheravo re, Avo Avo ANe AvAsa re, jo re hatuM ima jAyavuM re, kAMI to karAvI evaDI Aza re, pIrasIne bhojana thALa na tANIye re, sIMcIne na khaNIye mULa re, khaMdhe caDhAvI bhUMI na nAkhIe re, dhoIne na bharIe dhULa re. * dIThe bhUkha na bhAjiye re, lUkhAM na hoya lADa re, AvI gaye na paLe prItaDI re, sIMcyA viNa jima jhADa re, ehave rAjulaDe bola re, jasa na calyuM mana rekha re, vinaya bhaNe prabhu nemajIne, nAmIne thai nija veSa re. - vinaya muni A prakAranAM padomAM, tIrthaMkara puruSarUpa laIne nArIrUpa bhaktanAM moha, mAyA, ajJAna vagere dUra kare evI vinaMtI maLe che H suguNAlA re mAharA AtamarAma ke, prANavallabha prabhu mAharI, suNI jo vinatI re, eka svAmI sAra ke, sumati nArI huM tAharI. manamaMdira mAMhI vaso, zrI vAsupUjya jima sUra, dUra jAye tihAM thakI, jima mohatimiranuM pUra. manohara lAla lAla ho, jehanuM jaga adhikuM nUra, jeNe moha karyo cakacUra. yazovijayajI mana vasI mana vasI mana vasI re, prabhujInI mUti mAhare mana vasI re. jima haMsA mana vAhalI gaMga, jema catura mana caturano caMta, mAhare mana vasI re, prabhujInI mUrati mAhare mana vasI re. rAmavijayajI (2) covIza tIrthaMkaronAM pada uparAMta, tIrthasthAnonuM mahattva varNavatAM thoDAMka pado maLI Ave che. giranAra, zatruMjaya, aSTApada, AbujI, sametazikhara vagerene lagatAM pado khAsa dhyAna kheMce che : * AMkhaDIe re Aja zatruMjaya dITho, savA lAkha TakAno dahADo re lAge mane mITho. Abu acala raLIAmaNo re lo. ekeka DagaluM bhare zatruMjA spAmuM jeha, vinItavijaya --

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madhyakAlIna gujarAtI jaina padakavitA ] 45 RSabha kahe bhava kroDanAM karma khapAve teha. (3) mahattvanI tithione lagatAM pado paNa hoya che. bIja, jJAnapaMcamI, aSTamI, maunaekAdazI, caturdazI, divALI, paryuSaNaparva vagerene lagatAM pado ullekhanIya banI rahe che. saMsAranI rojiMdI ghaTamALamAM paDelA, saMsArI jIvone A mahattvanI tithioe aneka puNyakArya karavAnI preraNA A pado Ape che H Aja mAre ekAdazI. naNadala mauna dharI mukha rahIe. suNajo sAjana saMta, pazusaNa AvyAM re, tame puNya karo puNyavaMta, bhavika mana bhAvyAM re. vIra jijJesara ati alavesara, vahAlA mArA paramezvara ema bole re, parva mAMhe pajusaNa mahoTA avara na Ave tasa tole re. caupadamAM jema kesarI hoTo, va. khagamAM garuDa te kahIe re, nadI mAMhe jema gaMgA mhoTI, va. nagamAM meru te lahIe re. (4) tIrthaMkaronAM chUTAM stavano paNa racAyelAM che ane stuti/oya, caityavaMdana, AratI vagere prakAranI kRtio paNa maLe che. AratI dhArmika pUjAnuM eka mahattvanuM aMga che. emAM bhaktibhAva, vairAgyabhAva ane adhyAtmabhAvanI gUMthaNI thatI hoya che H * vIrajIne caraNe lAguM, vIrapaNuM te mAguM re, mithyA moha timira bhaya bhAMgyuM, jIta nagAruM vAgyuM re. tumheM ho paraupagArI, sumatijina, tumha ho jagaupakArI, paMcama jina paMcamagatidAyaka, paMcamahAvratadhArI, paMcapramAda-mattagajabhedana, paMcAnana anukArI. * supAsajI, tAruM mukhaDuM jotAM, raMga bhIno re, jANe paMkajanI pAMkhaDI upara bhramara lIno re. * siddhAcalano vAsa pyAro lAge, morA rAjeMdA re, vimalAcalano vAsa pyAro lAge, morA rAjeMdA hai, Adi jinezvara, prabhu paramezvara, sohe jagatano nAtha, morA rAjeMdA re. suNo, caMdAjI, sImaMdhara paramAtmA pAse jAya jo. apsarA kari AratI jina Age, hAM re jina Age re jina Age hAM re e to avicaLa sukhaDAM mAge, hAM re nAbhinaMdana pAse, apsarA tAtheI tAtheI nAcatI pAya Thamake, hAM re doya caraNe jhAMjhara jhamake hAM re sovana ghugharaDI ghamake, hAM re letI phUdaraDI bALa, apsarA jaya deva jaya deva jaya sukhanA svAmI

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4s D madhyakAlIna gujarAtI jaina sAhitya praha same tujane vaMdana karIe * jaya jaya AratI Adi jigaMdA, nAbhirAyA marudevIkA naMdA (5) sajhAya eTale svAdhyAya. sajajhAyamAM upadezanA aMzonuM prAdhAnya jovA maLe che. paNa ghaNI vAra emAM dRSTAMtakathA joDAtI hoya che. jemake IlAcIkumAranI, aMbUsvAmInI, sthUlibhadranI, meghakumAranI, zAlibhadranI, araNika muninI, caMdanabALAnI vagere sajhAyo khUba jANItI che. manabhamarAnI A sakjhAya vizeSa dhyAna kheMce che ? bhUlyo manabhamarA, tuM kyAM bhamyo, bhamiyo divasa ne rAta, mAyAno bAMdhyo prANiyo, bhame parimala jAta. kuMbha kAco re kAyA kAramI, tehanAM karo re jatana, viNasatAM vAra lAge nahIM, nirmaLa rAkho re mana. kenAM chora kenAM vAcharu, kenAM mAya ne bApa, aMte jAvuM che ekaluM, sAthe punya ne pApa. AzA DuMgara jevaDI, maravuM pagalAM re heTha, dhana saMcI saMcI kAMI karo, karI devanI veTha. anya sajhAyonI upadeza zailI paNa juo : * nAma IlAputra jANIe, dhanadatta zeThano putra, naTavI dekhIne mohiyo, je rAkhe gharasUtra. karama na chUTe re prANIyA. - labdhivijaya * kaDavAM phaLa che krodhanAM, jJAnI ema bole, rIsa taNo rasa jANIe, halAhala tole. kaDavAM phaLa che (6) A chUTAMchavAyAM pado uparAMta, padamALA paNa maLe che. "aDhAra pApasthAnakanI sajhAya' vageremAM eka karatAM vadhu padonuM sarasa guMphana maLI Ave che. madhyakAlIna jaina padonI saMkhyA ghaNI moTI che. aneka jaina sUrioe bhaktinI utkaTatA, saMsAranI asAratA ane mokSaprAptinI tAlAvelI A padomAM varNavI che. vividha dezIomAM, rAga ane DhALamAM racAyelAM A padomAMthI keTalAMya pado kavitAkalAnI dRSTie yAdagAra banI rahe tevAM che. kavionI zabdazakti, zabdasUjha, bhASAnI prAsAdikatA ane madhuratA, alaMkArono ucita upayoga vagerene kAraNe e pado zobhI rahe che. zabdavaibhavanI dRSTie mAnavijayajInuM A pada dhyAna kheMce cheH

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madhyakAlIna gujarAtI jaina padakavitA / 47 tuM sAhibA re manamAnyA, tuM to akaLa svarUpa jagatamAM, manamAM keNe na pAyo zabade bolAvI oLakhAyo, zabadAtIta TharAyo. zabada na. rU5 na, gaMdha na, rasa na ho, pharasa na, varaNa na veda, nahIM saMjJA, cheda , bheda na, hAsa nahIM, nahIM kheda. sukha nahIM, duHkha nahIM, vaLI vAMchA nahIM, nahIM roga, yoga na bhoga. tatsama, taMdUbhava. dezya, arabI-phArasI, hiMdI vagere zabdo yogya sthAne AvI bhAvaprakaTIkaraNanuM anokhuM kArya pAra pADe che. saraLa padAvalino prayoga paNa upayukta banI rahe che. nIcenA padamAM "paMca' zabdano prayoga juo : paMcama jina paMcamagatidAyaka, paMcamahAvratadhArI, paMcapramAda-mattagabhedana, paMcAnana anukArI, paMca viSadhara tati khagapati, paMcazara madana vidArI. prAsa ane dhavAnA suMdara AyojanathI padanI geyatAmAM umero thAya che ? sAhibA mArA, abhinaMdana jinarAya re, sAhiba sAMbhaLo re. sAhibA mArA, surasevita tuma pAya re, sAhiba sAMbhaLo re. alaMkAronuM aucitya padane sarasa uThAva Ape che ane kathanane sacoTa banAve che. rUpakano viniyoga moTI saMkhyAmAM maLI Ave che ? * supAsajI, tAharuM mukhaDuM jotAM, raMga bhIno re, jANe paMkajanI pAMkhaDI upara bhamara lIno re. * zvAsozvAsa kamaLa samo tuja lokottara vAda. * mITho amRtanI pare re, sAheba, tAhiro re saMga. * caMda cakora, mora ghana cAhe, paMkaja ravi, vana sArojI, tye jina murati muja mana pyArI, hirade AnaMda apAro jI. * jima prIti caMda cakorane, jima morane mana meha re. amane te tuma zuM ullaze. tima nAtha, navalo neha, * dhobIDA, tuM dhoje mananuM dhotIyuM re, rakhe lAgato mela lagAra re. lokabhASAno padamAM karelo upayoga vizeSa zobhI rahe che. A rIte madhyakAlIna jaina padakavitAmAM vaividhya che, jJAna ane upadeza che, bhaktino talasATa che, tIrthakaronuM guNagAna che, saMsArI jIvane mokSa tarapha prayANa karavA mATenuM mArgadarzana che. vividha rAga ane DhALa che, alaMkAra ane zabdavaibhava che, geyatA ane saMgItamayatA che. AvA aMzothI samRddha keTalAMya pado mAtra jaina sAhityanAM ja nahIM, samasta gujarAtI padakavitAno amara AdhyAtmika vAraso che.

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madhyakAlIna jaina kavitAmAM patralekha rameza ra. dave gujarAtI bhASAnAM navalakathA, TUMkI vArtA ane kavitA jevAM sAhityasvarUpomAM eka nirUpaNa pravidhi lekhe patralekhananI eka puSTa paraMparA che. enA AraMbhanuM pageruM zodhatAM zodhatAM lokasAhitya sudhI pahoMcAya che. lAvo, lAvo dota-kalama ke, ANaladene kAgaLa lakhIe.. athavA UbhIUbhI UgamaNe darabAra re, kAgaLiyA AvyA rAjanA ho jI... temaja jUnAgaDhanA rAjA rA' navaghaNane enI dUdha-bahena jAhale siMdhanA rAjavI hamIra sumarAe karelI kanaDagata aMgenI phariyAda karI rakSaNa meLavavA lakhelI ciThThI : jAhala ciThThI mokale, vAMce navaghaNa vIra, siMdhamAM rokI sumare, muMne hAlavA no the hamIra. A saghaLI racanAo patra-lekhananAM phuTakaLa dRSTAMto che. 'UbhIUbhI lokagItamAM rAjamAMthI Avelo kAgaLa "bArabAra ghANIonAM tela ane adhamaNa rUnI diveTa bALIne cheka paroDha thatAM sudhImAM mAMDamAMDa ukelI zakAyAnuM atizayoktipUrNa paNa rasika nirUpaNa thayuM che. paNa A badhA patra aMgenA ullekho che. emAM patra eka bhAga tarIke Ave che, paNa rItasaranA patra ane kevaLa patranAM e udAharaNo nathI. lokasAhityathI AgaLa vadhatAM patralekhananI A paraMparA premAnaMdata AkhyAnomAM samRddha thaI govardhanarAma, munazI, darzaka ane raghuvIra caudharI jevAonI navalakathAo sudhI laMbAya che. emAM rItasaranA patra ApaNane jovA maLe che. hIrAbahena pAThakanI dIrghakAvyakRti paraloke patramAM patrane kAvyarUpa apAyuM che. ahIM samasta gujarAtI sAhityanA saMdarbhe patra-lekhana-pravidhinI tapAsano avakAza nathI. sUcita viSayanA eka viSayAMga rUpe mAtra "jaina kavitAmAM patra' para kendrita thaIne vAta karavI che. sUcita viSayanI pasaMdagI pachI pAkya-sAmagrInI AdarelI khoja daramyAna spaSTa thayuM ke jaina kavitAmAM patrane bahudhA lekha saMjJAthI oLakhavAmAM Ave che.

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madhyakAlIna jaina kavitAmAM patralekha 49 alabatta, keTalIka kRtio "kAgaLa', 'patra' ane 'vijJati' saMjJA taLe paNa mukAI che. A abhyAsanI pAThya-sAmagrI tarIke pasaMda karelI hastapratasUcio paikI lIMbaDI-bhaMDAranI hastapratasUcimAMthI "caMdarAjAno lekha', "sItAviraha lekha, virahiNI lekha' ane strIlikhita lekha' nAmanI cAra lekhakRtio maLe che. muni puNyavijayajI hastapratasUcimAMthI vijayasenasUriziSya kamalavijayakRta samanvarajina lekha, vinayamaMDanagaNiziSya jayavaMtasUrikRta "yUlibhadrakozA lekha', "sImanvarasvAmI lekha" tathA "zRMgAramaMjarI' antargata ajitasenazIlavatI lekha', saMbhavataH vijayasenasUriziSya jayavijayakRta vijayasenasUri lekha', mANijyasAgaraziSya jJAnasAgarakRta 'rAma lekha', ratnavijayaziSya dIpavijayakRta candaguNAvalI lekha', vinayavijayaziSya rUpavijayakRta nimarAjula lekha', sajanapaMDitakRta 'dhUlibhadra-kozA kAgaLa', tathA je kRtionA kartAonI mAhitI maLatI nathI tevI ajJAtakaka lekhakRtio paikI neminAtha lekha ane 'jIvacetanAkAgaLa' noMdhapAtra che. A lekhakRtio paikI "ajitasena-zIlavatI lekha', "candraguNAvalI lekha" ane "nemarAjula lekha' mudrita rUpe upalabdha che. e traNeya mudrita lekhakRtionA abhyAsa pachI nimnasUcita keTalAMka tAraNo maLe che ? jaina kavitAmAM sUcita patralekhanapravidhino upayoga be rIte thayelo jovA maLe (ka) samagra kRtinuM nirUpaNa patra rUpe thayuM hoya. sAmAnyataH AvI kRtionuM kada nAnuM hoya che. nemarAjula lekha' e A prakAranI kRtinuM dRSTAMta che. (kha) rAsa ke phAgu prakAranI koI bRhad kRtinA eka bhAga rUpe patralekhana thayuM hoya. A prakAranuM patralekhana kRtinA eka prasaMga pUratuM maryAdita rahe che. "ajitasena zIlavatI lekha' e A prakAranI kRtinuM dRSTAMta che. mULe te jayavaMtasUrikRta suvidita racanA "zRMgAramaMjarI/zIlavatIcaritra rAsamAMno kaDIkramAMka 2155thI 2250 sudhIno 95 kaDIno kAvyakhaMDa che. pAkyasAmagrI tarIke pasaMda karelI traNeya mudrita kRtionA AdhAre kahI zakAya ke, patralekhanano eka sunizcita DhAMco jaina kavioe, alabatta, svIkAryo haze, paraMtu dareka kavie te emanI kRtiomAM custapaNe jALavyo hoya evuM jaNAtuM nathI. arthAt patralekhananuM eka cokkasa svarUpa taiyAra thayA pachI tenA nivahaNamAM jaLavAvI joItI zAstrIyatA aMge zithilatA jaNAya che. sUcita cokkasa mALakhAnA saMdarbhe dIpavijayakRta "caMdaguNAvalI lekha" eka noMdhapAtra dRSTAMta che. e lekhakRti sarasvatI vaMdanA, lekhaAraMbha (arthAt lekhanA lekhakAranuM nAma, gAma, vagere vIgato), kuzaLakSemapRcchA, patra na lakhavA aMge priyajanane apAto upAlaMbha tathA mIThA kaTAkSa, priyajanano patra na maLatAM patra lakhanArane anubhavAyelI

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50 D madhyakAlIna gujarAtI jaina sAhitya virahavyathAnuM nirUpaNa, priyajananuM guNavarNana, samasyAkathana ane patranuM samApana - jevA sunizcita vibhAgomAM vibhAjita thayelI che. "caMdaguNAvalI lekha temaja ajitasenazIlavatI lekhanA AdhAra para uparyukta DhAMcAne samajIe. bhAratIya sAhityamAM, kRtinA AraMbhe bahudhA sarasvatI vaMdanA, to, kvacit gaNezastuti karavAnI dIrdha paraMparA che. A prakAranI vaMdanAstutimAM ArAdhya devadevIonuM rUpavarNana tathA tenA kRpAvaradAnathI thatI phalasiddhinA nirdezo apAya che. rANI guNAvalInA lekha pUrve mukAyelI A sarasvatI vaMdanA juo : zrI varadA jagadambikA, zAradAmAtA dayALa, suravara jasa sevA kare, vANI jAsa rasALa. tribhuvanameM kIrati sadA, vAhana haMsa savAra, jaDabuddhi pallava kiyA, bahu paMDita kavirAya. pustaka-vINA kara dhare, zrI aMjArI pAsa, kAzamIra bharuaccameM. tehano ThAma-nivAsa. A pachIno lekhano paraMparAgata AraMbha dRSTavya che. emAM ApaNA patralekhanano najIkano bhUtakALa anubhavAya che : svasti zrI vimalApure, vIrasena kuLacaMda re, rAjarAjezvara rAjiyA, sAheba caMda-naraMda re, vAMcajo lekha muja vAlahA. zrI AbhApura nagarathI, hakamI dAsI sakAma re.. lakhitaMga rANI guNAvalI, vAMcajo mArI salAma re. haju pAMca-paMdara varSa pUrve mArA-tamArA ghera AvatA patranA najIkanA pUrvaja tarIke A patramAMnI vigato ane tene nirUpavAnI dhATImAMnI cokasAI joI zakAya che. kSemakuzaLapRcchA pachI lekhanI mULa vIgato nirUpAya te pUrve, priyajanano lekha maLatAM sarajAyelI hRdayadrAvaka sthiti Ama nirUpAI che : vhAlAno kAgaLa dekhIne, TaLiyAM duHkhanAM chaMda re, piyune maLavA jeTalo, Upanyo che ANaMda re. soLa varasanA viyoganuM, pragaTyuM che duHkha apAra re, kAgaLa vAMcatAM vAMcatAM, cAlI che AMsunI dhAra re. kAvyanAyikA guNAvalIe enA sAsunI kAnabhaMbheraNIthI prerAIne patine chaLavAnuM pApa karyuM che. A prasaMgane anulakSIne rAjA caMde potAnA patramAM ene ApelA upAlaMbhamAM, jaina kavitAnuM jainadharmaprerita nArI dhikkAranuM valaNa alaga tarI Ave che : WWW.jainelibrary.org

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madhyakAlIna jaina kavitAmAM patralekhaD 51 paNa tuM zuM kare kAminIjI, zuM kahIe tuja nAra ? strI hoye nahIM kehanIjI, Ima bole che saMsAra. bhartuharI rAjA, valIjI vikramarAya mahAbhAga, te sarakhA nArI taNAjI, kadIya na pAmyA tAga. ahIM na aTakatAM, strI-caritranI lAkSaNikatAo A jaina sAdhukavie bArIkAIthI nirUpI che : cAle vAMkI dRSTithI ja, manamAM navAnavA saMca, e lakSaNa vyabhicArInAM jI, paMDita bole prapaMca. nadI-nIra bhuja baLe tare jI, kahevAya che abaLA, eka viSayane kAraNe jI, haNe kaMtane nija hAtha. sUtA vece kaMtane jI, haNe vAgha ne cora, bIe bilADInI AMkhathI jI, ehavI nArI niThora. gAmamAM bIhe jAnathI jI, vanamAM jhAle che vAgha, nAse doraDuM dekhIne jI, pakaDe phaNidhara nAga. svayaMspaSTa che ke paraMparAne anusarI kavie strIcaritranAM lakSaNonI sUci AlekhI che. paNa rAjAe ApelA upAlaMbhanA pratyuttara rUpe guNAvalIe karela kSamAyAcanA vadhu vAstavika ane tethI prabhAvaka nIvaDI che : sAhiba lakhavA joga cho, huM sAMbhaLavA joga re, jehavA deva tevI khAtarI, sAcI kahevata loka re. huM to avaguNanI tArI, avaguNa gADAM lAkha re, jima vAyunA jogathI, bagaDI AMbAzAkha re. giruA seheje guNa kare, kaMta ma kAraNa jANa re, jaLa sIMcI sarovara bhare, megha na mAge dANa re. meM AgamathI lahI nahIM. sAsu ehavI nAtha re. ApI gAMThanI khIcaDI, jAvuM ghelAnI sAtha re, kAMIka kAcA puNyathI, saddabuddhi paNa palaTAya re, jima rANIne khoLanuM, khAvAnuM mana thAya re. pastAvo zo karavo have. kahyuM kAMI na jAya re. pANI pI ghara pUchatAM, lokomAM hAMsI thAya re. avaguNa gADAM lAkha jevI atyuktithI pragaTatI namratA, "megha na mAge dANamAM thatuM guNadarzana, ane deva jevI khAtarI', vAyunA jogathI AMbAnI zAkhanuM

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para D madhyakAlIna gujarAtI jaina sAhitya bagaDavuM. gAMThanI khIcaDI kharacIne ghelAno sAtha karavo, rAjarANIne khoLa khAvAnuM mana thAya tema buddhinuM paNa kaMIka kAcA puNyanA kAraNe palaTAvuM ane pANI pIdhA pachI ghara kaI jJAtinuM che evo prazna pUchavAthI thatI hAMsI - evAM nAnAvidha rUDha prayogo tathA kahevatonI sahAyathI sadhAtI sacoTatA kRtine gatAnugatikatAmAMthI bacAvI le che. - priyajananA viyogathI nIpajatI vyathA e lekhakRtinA uddIpana ane alaMbana - ubhaya vibhAva bane che. eno AraMbha priyajanane, lekhapatra na lakhavA aMge apAtA upAlaMbhathI thato hoya che ? tujha gAma kAgala nathI, ki masi nathI triloki, kaI khapa nathI ahmAraDuM, lekha na likhI eka. jauM eka AMgala ciThaDI, mokalavA dharI neha, tu te vAlata caugaNI, pADa na rAkhata eha. ane have A juo virahAvasthAnI vyAkuLatAnuM marmasparzI nirUpaNa : bhamaruM samaraI mAlatI, hAthI samarAM viMjha, mathala sama2i karahaDu, tima samaruM huM tujajha. kamali baMdhANau bhamaralau, jima sahira kiraNe, joI sUraya vATaDI, tima hU tumha nayaNela. dina phiTI thAI varasaDA, ghaDI TalI thAI mAsa, sajana tAharai viyogaDaI, jhUrI thaI palAsa. jima ati tarasiuM paMthIuM, unhAlAM bhara lUI, vaMchAM sajala sachAya sara, tima vaMcchu tumha hUMI. virahajanya evI A vyAkuLatA kone kAraNe che te darzAvavA thatuM priyajananuM guNadarzana paNa pUrI rasikatA temaja ramaNIyatApUrvaka thAya che. dharatIno kAgaLa, gaMgAsAgaranI masi, vanarAInI lekhaNa vagere upakaraNonA prayoga pachI paNa priyajananA guNa lakhyA jAya ema nathI, evI paraMparAgata ukti karyA pachI vadhu UMDe UtaratAM lekhanA lakhanAranI manaHsthiti vizeSa ujAgara - vizada bane che ? tumha guNa Ujala dUdha jima, misi atikAli hoI, ehavuM jANI citaDaI, lekha na likhI toi. pahilA guNa ketA likhuM, ketA pachaI sAra, tumha guNa saghalA sarikhA, muja mana paDihuM vicAra. patranA aMte, samApanamAM samasyAkathana thAya che te avAntara rIte to jJAnavardhanano ja eka tarIko che. A rIte thatuM samasyAkathana ane vaLatA patramAM

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madhyakAlIna jaina kavitAmAM patra/lekha [ 53 apAto eno ukela e ApaNI madhyakAlIna kavitAnI rocaka paraMparA che. lekhakRtimAM samasyAnuM nirUpaNa, teno uttara, pharI navI samasyA, teno vaLI uttara - ema pratyeka lekha jJAnArjananuM eka pagathiyuM bane che. samasyAkathananuM eka dRSTAMta noMdhIe : do nArI ati sAmaLI, pANI mAMhe vasaMta, te tuja sajjana dekhavA jI, alajo ati dharaMta. ane patranA aMte kSamApanA sahitanuM samApana : adhikuM uchaluM je likhauM, kuDU kAgala mAMhi, te aparAdha ahmAraDala, rakhe dharu mana mAMhi.

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madhyakAlIna gujarAtI jaina sAhityamAM hAlaraDAM zraddhA trivedI ApaNane saune kAlidAse kahelI pelI vAtanuM smaraNa che ke bALakanA aMga paranI rajanA sparzathI malina thavAmAM dhanyatA rahelI che. A dhanyatAno anubhava savizeSapaNe strIne - mAtAne thAya che. ema kahI zakAya ke paramezvarane sRSTinA sarjanathI jeTalo ne jevo AnaMda thAya teTalo ne tevo AnaMda strIne potAnA bALakanI sAme jotAM thAya che. Ama, bALaka ApaNA jIvanamAM prasannatAnuM jIvana jIvavAnuM baLa pUruM pADavAnuM nimitta banI rahe che. bALakane UMghADavA mATe mAtA jyAre gAtI. hoya che tyAre te keTalIbadhI AnaMdavibhora banI jatI haze ! bALakane pAraNAmAM suvADatI vakhate te zuM-zuM anubhavatI haze te to mAtra te anubhavanAra ja jANe. paNa kavinI kalpanA sarvatra pahoMcI zake che ne tethI ja keTalIka manorama kRtio prastuta viSayanI maLI che. rAmakRSNanI bALalIlAnAM pada madhyakAlIna kavio jemake narasiMha, bhAlaNa, premAnaMda vageree ApelAM ja che. kauzalyA ane jazodAnA nimitte maLelAM vAtsalyarasathI bharapUra pado ApaNe hajI paNa mANyAM karIe chIe. mAtA bALaka mATe to sarvasva che, paNa bALaka mAtA mATe zuM che, tenA vize te kevuMkevuM vicAre che, kevAkevA bhAvo te anubhave che te badhuM mAtA jyAre bALakane pAraNAmAM suvADatI hoya che tyAre je gIto gAIne te suvADe che temAM vyakta thAya che. hAlaraDuM' e zabdaprayoga karIe ke tarata ja bALakane UMghADavAnA hetuthI, pAraNuM jhulAvatAMjhulAvatAM gAtI mAtAnuM citra khaDuM thaI jAya che. ane e sAthe ja keTalIka bAbatono temAM sahaja samAveza thaI jAya che. prathama to bALakane UMghADavAnA hetuthI A gavAtuM hovAthI tene UMgha Ave tevo laya, evuM madhura, komaLa.. madIluM saMgItatattva temAM anivArya hoya che. pachI temAM sAmAnya rIte bALakanuM, pAraNAnuM ane tenI bALaramatonuM kramazaH varNana Ave che. hAlaraDuM mAtA ja gAya e bAbata. temAM garbhita ja che. AthI, te vAtsalyarasathI taraboLa hoya che. bALakanA saMbaMdhane kAraNe mAtA dvArA anubhavAtAM dhanyatA, prasannatA, ullAsa Adi emAM varNavelAM hoya che. sAthesAthe bALakanA zaNagArAdinAM ane kauTuMbika saMbaMdhonAM svabhAvoktibhayAM madhura citrone ahIM pUrato avakAza maLe che. eka atyaMta mahattvanI vAta A svarUpamAM e che ke AvAM pado ke gItomAM haMmezAM ullAsa ja hoya bALakanA uttamottama bhAvinI AzA emAM pragaTa thatI hoya che. haMmezAM ahI UjaLo AzAvAda dRSTigocara thAya che. kyAMya nirAzA ke hatAzA nathI hotI.

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madhyakAlIna gujarAtI jaina sAhityamAM hAlaraDAM D pa5 AnaMda ane zAMtinuM, prasannatAnuM ane dhanyatAnuM hAlaraDAmAM vizeSabhAve nirUpaNa thAya che. have ApaNe madhyakAlIna gujarAtImAMthI jaina kavio dvArA racAyelAM upalabdha cAra mudrita hAlaraDAMno vicAra karIe. A hAlaraDAMo vize eka bAbata sau prathama e noMdhavI joIe ke enA sarjako sAdhu hovA chatAM bALaka ane mAtAnA mAdhuryabharyA saMbaMdhone khUba komaLatAthI, vAstavika rIte rajU kare che. vairAgI sAdhu AvAM, bhAvanI ArkatAthI bharelAM, rasika madhura citro Ape e ja AnaMdadAyaka ghaTanA che. bALaka-mAtAnA saMbaMdhanuM gauravabharyuM citra teo upasAve che. te sAthe bALako mATeno teonA aMtarano nirmaLa prema. bALaka pratyeno mahimAbhAva paNa teo ADakatarI rIte sUcave che. upalabdha cAra mudrita kRtio A pramANe che : jayavijayakRta "kalyANavijayagaNino rAsa' (ra.saM. 1655, Aso suda 5)nI trIjI DhALa "mAtA hulAvana hAlaraDuM che, je 17 kaDInI che. bIjAM traNa hAlaraDAM mahAvIrasvAmI viSayaka che : (1) rUpavijayaziSya amIvijaya ta, je 18 kaDInuM che tathA (2) ratnavijayaziSya dIpavijayakRta, je 17 kaDInuM che. A baMne 19mI sadI pUrvArdhanAM che. ane (3) kAMtivijayakRta 6 kaDInuM "mahAvIra svAmInuM hAlariyuM.' prathama ApaNe jayavijayakRta kalyANavijayagaNinuM hAlaraDuM joIe. mAtA pUMjI potAnA putrane suvaDAvatAM kahe che : dharama phaLyuM jinavara taNuM ane tethI 'dulabha vadana dIThuM putranuM, mujha salI ho phalIo gRhavAsa.' potAnA gRhastha jIvananI saphaLatA A putraprAptimAM teo mAne che. te putra kevo? guNanidhi putra tuM janamIo, meM pAmIo ho saghalo sanamAna. guNonA sAgararUpa e putranI prAptithI jagatanuM sarva sanmAna potAne prApta thayAno temane AnaMda che. pachI to putranA zaNagAranuM madhyakAlIna paraMparAgata varNana che. jemake : * bhalI TopI lAla pharaMga taNI, maNi motI ho bharI bharata apAra * pAya taNI bhalI mojaDI. pahirAvuM ho tanuja mani Aja. ane pachI tenA lagnanI paNa kalpanA. bALaka hajI ghoDiyAmAM hoya paNa mAtA mAtra potAnA bALaka mATe sArAmAM sArI kanyA Avaze ema ja vicAre. ApaNAmAM ema gAya che ke, "rAjAnI kanyA kALI, bhAIe pAchI vahelI vALI." ahIM paNa putranA lagna aMge eka mAtAno bhAva kevo citrita thayo che te joIe ?

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paDa D madhyakAlIna gujarAtI jaina sAhitya Avasi putrane mAMgalAM, rUDo karasiMo ho vivAha sama joDi. kulavadhU mujha pAya lAgaze, puhacaze ho manavAMchita koDa. A hAlaraDAmAM mAtAnA bALaka pratyenA premane kavie je rIte rajU karyo che te khAsa ullekhanIya che : kamalanayana putra nirakhatAM. mujha keruM manabhamara lIna; dinadina vAdhe nehaluM, - jima dIThe ho jalasaMcaya mIna. mAtRpremanI uccatama abhivyakti kAvyAtmaka rIte karyA pachI mAtA bALakanI rakSA mATe aneka devIone prArthe che. e rakSAnI prArthanA sAthe A hAlaraDuM samApta thAya bIjAM traNa hAlaraDAM mahAvIrasvAmI vizenAM che. kalyANavijayagaNinA hAlaraDAmAM mAtA kahe che ke jinavaranA dharmanA pAlananuM mane phaLa maLyuM. ahIM to khuda jinavara putra che chatAMya mAtAnA bhAvo to mULabhUta rIte e ja rahe che. uparAMta, te sivAya kaMIka viziSTa paNa bane che. prathama amIvijayakRta hAlaraDAmAM joIe to trizalAe janma ApelA putrane joI cosaThe IndranAM Asana kaMpe che. eka karoDa sATha lAkha kalazathI to mahAvIrano snAtramahotsava thAya che. mahAvIranA janmathI kuLamAM AnaMdaAnaMda chavAI jAya che, prajAne paNa apAra AnaMda thAya che. gheraghera zrIphaLanAM toraNa baMdhAya che. strIo maMgaLagIta gAya che. rAjAe khUba raMgecaMge janmotsava Ujavyo. A badhAMnA AnaMdamAM ziramora to che trizalAnI vAta. kavi tyAM kahe che ? mAtA trizalA thaI ujamAla. ahIM 'ujamAla" zabda prayojI kavi trizalAne keTalAM badhAM gauravAnvita kare che ! pachI mahAvIranA sauMdaryane varNavatAM kavi kahe che : viranA mukhaDA upara vAru koTI caMdramA, paMkajalocana suMdara vizAla kapola, zukacaMcU sarikhI dIse nirmala nAsika, komala adhara aruNa raMga rola. madhyakAlIna gujarAtI sAhityanA keTalAka nAyakonA rUDha varNananI ahIM sahaja yAda AvI jAya. pachInuM eka citra khAsa noMdhapAtra che ? kara aMgUTho dhAve vIrakumAra harSe karI, kAMI bolAvatAM kare kilakAra. jANe ApaNA ja anubhavanuM citra. citrAtmakatA A hAlaraDAnI khAsa WWW.jainelibrary.org

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madhyakAlIna gujarAtI jaina sAhityamAM hAlaraDAM 57 vizeSatA che. mahAvIrane zaNagArI tene najara nA lAge mATe mAtA zuM kare che te rajU karatAM kavi kahe che: trizalAryo jugate AMjI aNiyAlI behu AMkhaDI, sundara kasturInuM TabakuM kIdhuM gAla. pachI maLatuM pAraNAnuM citra paNa sarasa che. bIjuM suMdara dRzya A rIte kaMDArAyuM mAro lADakavAyo sarakhA saMge ramavA jaze, manohara sukhalaDI ApIza ehane hAtha, bhojanaveLA ramajhama ramajhama karato Avaze, huM to dhAIne bhIDAvIza hRdayA sAtha. ne pachI bALaramatomAMthI kramazaH moTA thatAM mahAvIranAM bIjAM kAryonI kalpanAo rajU karyA bAda vAta aMte pahoMce che tenA lagnamAM tene moTA gharanI kanyA sAthe paraNAvIza. e to moTo rAjarAjezvara thaze ne aMte trizalA bolI UThe che : mArA mananA manoratha pUraze jagIza. Ama, kuLanA dinamaNirUpa mahAvIranuM A hAlaraDuM temAMnAM aneka suMdara bhAvabhaya citrone kAraNe hRdayasparzI banyuM che. dipavijayakRta 'mahAvIra svAmInuM hAlariyuM'nI dhruvapaMkti "hAlo hAlo hAlo hAlo mArA naMdane ApaNane sIdhA ja mahAvIranA pAraNAne jhulAvavAnI prakriyAmAM joDI de che. mahAvIra tIrthaMkara che e vAta ahIM aneka rIte batAvAI che. cauda svapnanI vAta ke kezIsvAmInA mukhethI sAMbhaLelI vAtathI trizalAne saMpUrNa khyAla che ke "cakI nahi cakrIrAja tene tyAM avataryA che. ne tethI te prasannatAthI gAya che ? mArI kUkhe AvyA tAraNataraNa jahAja, mArI kUkhe AvyA traNa bhuvana ziratAja, mArI kUkhe AvyA saMgha tIrathanI lAja, huM to puNyapanotI indrANI thaI Aja. ne Ama putra ane mAtA baMnenI mahattA varNavAI che. eka divya vAtAvaraNa ahIM sarjAyuM che. A kRtinuM bIjuM noMdhapAtra lakSaNa che laya. 'naMdana navalA' e zabdathI zarU karI kauTuMbika jIvananI aneka premabharI uccatama sthitio layabaddha rIte ahIM rajU karI che. naMdana navalA baMdhava naMdIvardhvananA tameM.. naMdana bhojAIyonA deyara che sukumAla, hasaze bhojAIyo kahI dIyara mahArA lADakA, hasaze ramaze ne valI cUMTI khaNaze gAla, hasaze ramaze ne valI gUMsA deze gAla.

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58 D madhyakAlIna gujarAtI jaina sAhitya cUMTI khaNaze ke sA deze jevI bAbato kevuM suMdara vAstavika citra dorI jAya che ! te ja rIte mAmA-mAmI zuM karaze tenAM paNa lAkSaNika raMgIna jIvaMta citro ahIM UbhAM thayAM che : naMdana mAmA-mAmI sukhaDI sahu lAvaze, naMdana gajuve bharase lADu motIcUra... vagere. pachI tene ramavAnAM ramakaDAMonI paNa evI ja citrAtmaka rajUAta. pachI temane nizALe mUkaze tyAre ? naMdana navalA bhaNavA nizAle paNa mUkazuM, gaja para aMbADI besADI mohoTe sAja. pasalI bharazuM zrIphala phophaLa nAgaravela zuM, sukhalaDI lezuM nizAlIyAne kAja. A to moTA gharano dIkaro che ne mAtAnI bhAvanA che eTale badhA ja nizALiyA mATe teo sukhaDI laI jAya evI ja kalpanA hoya ne ! ne pachI kuMvara moTo thaze eTale sarakhI vahuvara lAvavAnI to vAta hoya ja ! paNa ahIM te pachI trizalA je kahe che te joIe: mahAre AMgaNa vaThA amRta dUdhe mehulA, mahAre AMgaNa phaliyA surataru sukhanA kaMda. A rIte amRtanI varSA ane kalpavRkSarUpa putrane pote janma Apyo che tenI prasannatA sAthe tenuM hAlaraDuM pUruM thAya che. pachI kavi tenA para mahora mAre che ke A pAraNuM "je koI gAze, leze putra taNA sAmrAja.' tIrthaMkaranuM A hAlaraDuM gAvAmAM Ave to tenuM suphaLa paNa maLavuM joIe ne ! trIjA cha kaDInA hAlaraDAmAM trizalAnA vIrakuMvaranA pAraNIe hIranA che dora ! ghUme che mora !' A eka ja paMktimAM kevI sahajatAthI pAraNAnI bhavyatA. nirUpAI che ! evA e pAraNAmAM bALakane poDhAvavA koNa Ave che ? IndrANI Ave che je tene hetathI hulAve che, ne pachI AbhUSaNa, khAjAM, motIcUra vagere laI bahenI Ave che. TUMkamAM tene AbhUSAdithI lADa laDAvavAmAM Ave te vAta rajU thaI che. pachI sAmAnyataH dareka strI potAnA bALaka mATe icche tema ahIM kuMvara moTo thaze. nizALe bhaNavA jaze ne mAtA harakhAze ne tene paraNAvaze e sanAtana bhAva ahIM rajU thayA che. ema kahI zakAya ke trizalAnA nimitte strImAM rahelA mAtRtvanI bhAvanAne ahIM vyakta karavAmAM AvI che. bALaka mATenA nivyaja snehanuM Alekhana e ja hAlaraDAno kendravartI viSaya hoya e svAbhAvika che. anya hAlaraDAmAM bALaka mATenA premane aneka upamAo dvArA rajU karyo che. sAmAjika saMdarbhone paNa temAM vaNI levAmAM AvyA che, temaja

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madhyakAlIna gujarAtI jaina sAhityamAM hAlaraDAM ! pa9 bALa mahAvIranAM aMgonAM suMdara ramya citro UbhAM karavAmAM AvyAM che. ahIM Ave kazuM nathI. anya hAlaraDAMnI sarakhAmaNImAM A kadamAM paNa khUba nAnuM che. ekadama sIdhI-saraLa gatie cAle che. evI koI kalpanAbharI ke camatkRtibharI sRSTinuM Alekhana nathI. chatAMya te vAtsalyabhAvamAM snAna karAve che ane aMte sahaja gatie mahAvIrasvAmInA bhaktibhAvamAM te ApaNane kheMcI jAya che te noMdhapAtra bAbata che. Ama, ahIM maLatAM cAreya hAlaraDAM temAMnA svabhAvoktibharyA aneka citro ane vAtsalyabhAvane kAraNe hRdayasparzI banyAM che. madhyakAlIna gujarAtI sAhityamAM A hAlaraDAM tenI kAvyAtmakatAne kAraNe UMcuM sthAna dharAve tevAM che. bIjI rIte kahIe to vAgoLavI game tevI A kAvyakRtio che. saMdarbha (badhA saMdarbhe noMdhyA nathI.) 1. jaina aitihAsika rAsamALA : 1, saM.mo.da. dezAI, saM. 1969. 2. jaina kAvyasaMgraha pra. kIkAbhAI parabhudAsa, I.1876. 3. bRhat kAvyadohana : 2, saM. icchArAma sU. desAI, I.1887, 4. jinendra bhaktiprakAza, pra. mAstara harakhacaMda kapUracaMda, I.1938 (bIjI A.) pa. jaina ratnasaMgraha saM. zrImatI pAnabAI, I. 1931. 6. zrI jaina zvetAmbara kaoNnpharansa heralDa, pu.10, aMka 10-11, oNkTo.-nave.1914, pR.537.

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madhyakAlIna gujarAtI jaina gadyasAhitya kezavarAma kA. zAstrI vadhuM vInA nirSa vati saMskRta bhASAmAM kavione mATe gadyalekhana karavuM e kaThina che. tethI to saMskRta bhASAmAM kAvyazAstranI dRSTie thayelAM gadyakAvyonI saMkhyA ghaNI ja thoDI che. nATyasAhityamAM saMvAdo badhA gadyamAM hoya che ane emAM prasaMgavazAt padyo paNa ApavAmAM AvelAM hoya che. saMskRta bhASA khUba vikasita hoI ane eno zabdasamUha vizAla hoI, payayionI paNa vipulatA hoI saMskRta kavione mATe gadyalekhanamAM rasa ane alaMkAro vyakta karavAnI prabaLa suvidhA che. AryakuLanI vaidikI bhAratI bhASAmAMthI e kuLanI aneka prAkRta bhASAono vikAsa thayo che. prAkRta bhASAomAM paNa lalita sAhitya vipula pramANamAM vikasyuM che. paNa moTA bhAganuM prAyaH mAtrAmeLa chaMdomAM racAyuM che, paNa gadyasAhitya atyaMta maryAdita svarUpamAM che. ApaNe jANIe chIe ke vibhinna prAkRta bhASAomAMthI vikaselA apabhraMzomAMthI AryakuLanI arvAcIna bhASAo ane bolIo astitvamAM AvI che, jeono paNa itihAsa 800-1000 varSo jUno che. emAM paNa kAvyo racAtAM AvyAM che, paraMtu gadyakAvyo to nathI ja vikasyAM. gadya je kAMI jovA maLe che te atyaMta svalpa apavAde, kAvyatva dharAvatuM nathI, paNa sAmAnya vyAvahArika lekhana prakAranuM che. "guvavilIo-paTTAvalIo' "muktAvalI' 'vacanikAo' "avasUrio vivaraNo' 'TabA(stabako)' bAlAvabodho' "kathAo-vArtAo' jevAM sAdAM gadya lakhAyAM che. saMskRta-prAkRtanA anuvAdo paNa gadyamAM lakhAI AvelA che. A badhAM gadyalekhanonuM mahattva koI sAhityaprakAra karatAM gadhalekhananA vikAsa ane zabdakozanI dRSTie raheluM che. kathA-vAtaoi gadyamAM to atyaMta svalpa pramANamAM lakhAI che. paNa anuvAdanA rUpamAM tema vivaraNanA rUpamAM lakhAyelA bAlAvabodhomAM vArtAo dRSTAMta tarIke ApavAmAM AvI che. A gujarAtI bhASAmAM vikaselI lalita vArtAonAM bIja vAvI gaI che e noMdhavA jevuM che. madhyakAlIna jaina gadyalekhanamAM 'TabA-stabako'no eka prakAra che tene zuddha gadya na kahI zakAya. kAraNake saMskRta-prAkRta dharmagraMthono zabdazaH anuvAda ApatAM zloka ane gAthAonI pratyeka paMktimAMnA mULa zabdone mathALe te-te zabdanI rIte bhASAmAM artha lakhelo hoya che, jenA anvaya karavAthI saLaMga vAkyo UbhAM thAya.

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madhyakAlIna gujarAtI jaina gadyasAhitya 21 AvA madhyakAlIna TabAo paNa ThIkaThIka pramANamAM maLe che. madhyakAlamAM bAlAvabodho' vipula pramANamAM lakhAyA che. bezaka, prasiddha bahu ochA thayA che. A prasiddha 'bAlAvabodho vibhinna graMthabhaMDAromAM sacavAyelA paDyA che. je thoDA paNa prasiddha thayA che te vivaraNa ane tyAM-tyAM mUkavA jevAM vAttarUpa dRSTAMto bAlAvabodhonA zabdasamUha uparAMta gadyano vikAsa thato Avyo che te vyavasthita rIte batAve che. ahIM prasiddha thayelA thoDA bAlAvabodhonA svarUpano khyAla ApavAno prayatna enA svarUpa vize ApaNane mArgadarzana Apaze. noMdhapAtra to e che ke "bAlAvabadho'mAM sauthI jUno prApta thayela, saM.1411 (I.sa.13papa)nA divALInA divase pUro thayela, kharataragacchanA taruNaprabhasUrino racelo "paDAvazyaka bAlAvabodha (athavA zrAddha-SaDAvazyaka sUtra bAlAvabodhI' jANavAmAM Avyo che, jeno keTaloka bhAga sva. munizrI jinavijayajIe prAcIna gujarAtI gadyasaMdarbhamAM gujarAta vidyApITha taraphathI prakAzita karelo, ne pachIthI DaoN. prabodha paMDite Akhoye saMpAdita karI pragaTa karyo che. prAcIna gujarAtInI eTaleke gaurjara apabhraMzanI bIjI bhUmikAmAMthI bhASA gujara bhAkhA" kiMvA "madhyakAlIna gujarAtImAM pariNata thatI jovA maLe che. enI sauthI jUnI hastaprata saM. 1473 (I.sa.1417)nI che. ahI ji jaMbU dvIpa mAhi bharatakSetra mAhi magadhanAmi janapadu chaI. tihAM vijayavatI nAmi nagarI tihAM naravarma nAmi rAjA ratisuMdarI nAmi mahAdevI hUMtI." (ApaNA kavio, pR.362) A vAMcatAM vArtAnA gadyanI bhASAno khyAla AvI jaze. merUtuMgasUri (sva.saM.1471-I.sa.1415)nA 'vyAkaraNacatuSka bAlAvabodha' ane 'taddhita bAlAvabodha' (je. gU.ka. 1, pR.37) jANavAmAM AvyA che, je vivaraNAtmaka hoya ema lAge che. bhASAnuM vaiyAkaraNIya mALakhuM kevuM hatuM e jovuM hoya to saM.1450 (I.sa. 1394) mAM kulamaMDanasUrie racelA "mugdhAvabodha auktika' saMjJAnA saMskRta laghuvyAkaraNathI sulabha che, jenI hastaprata gujarAta vidyAsabhAnA bho.je. vidyAbhavana, amadAvAdanA saMgrahamAM che. ane enA uparathI varSo pUrve sva. hari harSada dhruve prAcIna gujarAtI sAhitya ratnamAlA. bhAga 1'mAM prathama vAra prasiddha kareluM, eno thoDo aMza sva. muni jinavijayajInA "prAcIna gujarAtI gadyasaMdarbhamAM paNa chapAyela. - sAdhuratnasUrino "navatattvavivaraNa bAlAvabodha' (saM.1456 I.sa.1400 AsapAsa), koI ajJAtano "zIlopadezamAlA bAlAvabodha' (saM.14 I.sa.1410), A be bAlAvabodho pachI somasuMdarasUrinA "upadezamAlA bAlA., (sa. 1485I.sa. 1429),' "SaSTizataka bAlA." (saM. 1496I.sa. 1440),' yogazAstra bAlA." (varSa nathI), "bhaktAmarastotra bAlA." (varSa nathI),

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2 | madhyakAlIna gujarAtI jaina sAhitya paryatArAdhanA athavA ArAdhanA bAlA.' (varSa nathI), "paDAvazyaka bAlA." (varSa nathI), "vicAragraMtha bAlA." (varSa nathI) ane "navatattva bAlA." (saM.1502/ I.sa.1446) e ATha jeTalA maLe che. AmAMthI "SaSTizataka' saMpUrNa ane 'upadezamAlA" tathA "yogazAstra' thoDo bhAga chapAyela che. AmAM vivaraNa sAthosAtha keTalIye suMdara dRSTAMtakathAo ApavAmAM AvelI che. bhASA kevI saraLa che! "kAdaMbarI aTavII vaTavRkSa be sUDA sagA bhAI hUtA. eka sUDao bhale lIdhao. parvatapAli mAMhi bAMdhio teha jANI giri-zuka kahIvarAI. bIjao sUDao tApase lIdhao tehanA tapovana mAMhi lAdhio teha bhaNI te puSpazuka kahI." saM. 1506 (I.sa. 1450)nI hastapratano A pATha bhASA keTalI arvAcInatA tarapha vaLAMka laI rahI che e jovA maLe che. (prAcIna gujarAtI gadhasaMdarbha, pR.90) koI dayAsiMhanA "saMgrahaNI bAlA." (saM.1497I.sa.1441) ane "kSetrasamAsa bAlA." (saM. 1529I.sa.1473) e be bAlAvabodha che, jemAM bhASA arvAcInatA tarapha DhaLatI jovA maLe che. jevI ke - zrI kSetra mAsanI vRtti zrI malayagiri AcArya prauDha moTI kIdhI chaI... bIje ketale AcArya ApaNI ApaNI buddhinaI navAM navAM sUtra racA chai. navI navI vRddhi kIdhI chai. havaDAM...' vagere (je.gU.ka. 1, pR.63) mANikasuMdaragaNino 'bhavabhAvanA bAlA. (saM.1501/I.sa.1445), munisuMdarasUriziSyano "kalyANamaMdira bAlA." (samakAlIna), hemahaMsagaNino paDAvazyaka bAlA." (saM. 1501 I.sa. 145), jinasUra(?)no 'gautamapRcchA bAlA." (saM.1505 I.sa. 1449 AsapAsa), ajJAtano "kAlikAcArya kathA bAlA." (saM. 1511/I.sa.1455 pahelAM.), 'paDAvazyaka bAlA." (saM. 1512 I.sa. 1456) saMgadevagaNino piMDavizuddhi bAlA." (saM. 1513/I.sa. 14pa7). dharmadevagaNino "SaSTizataka bAlA." (saM. 1515/I.sa. 1459), rAmacaMdrasUrino 'kalpasUtra bAlA." (saM. 1pa17/I.sa. 1461 pahelAM), jayacaMdrasUrino causaraNa adhyayana bAlA." (saM. 1518I.sa.1462 pahelAM), merusuMdaranA "zatruMjaya stavana bAlA." (saM.1518 I.sa. 1462) "zIlopadezamAlA bAlA." (saM. 152pa/I.sa.1469), "SaDAvazyakasUtra athavA zrAvaka pratikramaNa sUtra bAlA." (saM.1525 I.sa. 1469), puSpamAlA bAlA." (saM. 1528 I.sa. 1572), paMcanigraMthI bAlA." (varSa nathI), "yogazAstra bAlA. athavA yogaprakAza' (varSa nathI), bhaktAmara para kathA athavA bhaktAmarastotra bAlA." (varSa nathI), kapUraprakara bAlA." (sa.1534 I.sa.1478 pahelAM), SaSTizataka vivaraNa" (varSa nathI, mudrita), vRttaratnAkara bAlA.' (varSa nathI), "bhAvArivAraNa bAlA.' (varSa

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madhyakAlIna gujarAtI jaina gadyasAhitya D 63 nathI) ane kalpaprakaraNa bAlA." (varSa nathI) e bAra bAlAvabodha jANavAmAM AvyA che. udayavallabhasUrino "kSetrasamAsa bAlA." (saM.1pa20/I.sa.1464) jayavallabhano "zIlopadezamAlA bAlA." (saM.1530/1474 pahelAM), nannasUrino upadezamAlA bAlA." (saM. 1543I.sa. 1487), suMdarahaMsano pAsatyAvicAra' (saM.1540/I.sa.1474 AsapAsa)', hemavimalasUrino "kalpasUtra bAlA." (.1568 I.sa.1512 pahelAM) pArzvacaMdrasUrinA "AcArAMga bAlA." dazavaikAlikasUtra bAlA." "papAtikasUtra bAlA." "sUtrakAMgasUtra bAlA." "sAdhupratikamaNa sUtra bAlA." "rAyapAseNIsUtra bAlA." "navatattva bAlA." "praznavyAkaraNa - sUtra bAlA." "bhASAnA 42 bhedano bAlA." "jaMbUcaritra bAlA." taMduveyAlaya payA bAlA." ane "causaraNa prakIrNa bAlA." (saM. 1597 I.sa. 1541) A bAra jeTalA, pArzvacaMdrasUriziSyano "sattarI karmagraMtha bAlA." (guranA uttarakALamAM), brahmamuni-vinayadevasUrino lokanAlikA bAlA. (saM.1646I.sa.1590 pUrve) amaracaMdra-samarasiMhanA 'saMstAraka prakIrNaka bAlA.', 'SaDAvazyaka bAlA." ane uttarAdhyayana bAlA." (traNe saM.1626 I.sa.1570 pahelAM), guNadhIragaNino siddhahema AkhyAna bAlA." (ajJAta samaya), mahIratnano "navatattva bAlA." (ajJAta samaya) udayadhavalano "paDAvazyaka bAlA." (ajJAta samaya), mahimAsAgarano paDAvazyaka vivaraNa saMkSepArtha, (ajJAta samaya), A uparAMta je.gu.ka.1mAM pR.388-390mAM vIsa jeTalA bAlAvabodha noMdhAyelA che. vaLI koI ajJAtano 'upadezaratnakoza bAlA." (saM. 1525/I.sa. 1469 pahelAMno), vinayamUrtino paDAvazyaka bAlA." (saM. 1509/1453 pahelAM), ahIM sudhImAM vikramanI 16mI sadI parvatanA bAlAvabodha dhyAna para AvyA che. bhASAmAM arvAcIna saMskAra cheka taruNaprabhathI jovA maLe che. jene lahiyAonI e khAsiyata jovAmAM AvI che ke lekhanamAM jUnA saMskAra sAcavavA, Ama chatAM uccarita rUpa ajANyuM paNa noMdhAyelAM jovA maLe che. noMdhapAtra e che ke bAlAvabodhono pravAha 16mI sadI pachI paNa cAlu rahyo che. somavimalasUrinA dazavaikAlikasUtra' ane 'kalpasUtra'nA bAlAvabodha emanuM nidhana saM.137/I.sa.1581mAM thayuM te pUrvanA che. sAdhUkIrtino "ajita zAMti stavana bAlA." (saM.1618 I.sa. 1562), cAritrasiMhano 'samyakatva bAlA." (saM.133/I.sa.1577), zivanidhAnanA "laghusaMgrahaNI bAlA." (saM.1680 I.sa.1624), "kalpasUtra bAlA." (saM.1680/I.sa. 1624), "guNasthAnagarbhita jinastavana bAlA." (saM. 1692 I.sa.1636) ane "kRSNavelI bAlA." (samakAla) e cAra bAlAvabodha, samayasuMdara upAdhyAyano paDAvazyaka sUtra bAlA." (saM.170 I.sa.1644 pUrva), rAjahaMsano dazavaitAlikasUtra bAlA." (166raI.sa.106 pahelAM), megharAja (saM.nI 17mI sadInA uttarAdhInA 6

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64 D madhyakAlIna gujarAtI jaina sAhitya bAlA. maLyA che, paNa e "stabaka = bA' che. (je.gU.ka. 3, pR.7), e rIte harSavallabha (samakAlIna)nA "upAsakadazAMga"ne bAlA.' kahyo che. tene kartA bAlAvabodha' paNa kahe che ane vyAkhyA" tathA "TabArtha" (ejana, pR.9) paNa kahe che. kanakasuMdarano "jJAtAdharmasUtra bAlA. paNa stabaka kahevAyo che. jyAre 'dazavaikAlikasUtra bAlA." (saM. 1666 I.sa.1610) to "bAlA." jaNAya che. zrIpAla RSino dazavaikAlikasUtra bAlA." (saM. 1664/I.sa.1608)', yazovijayano "lokanAlikA bAlA." (saM.1665/I.sa. 1609), vimalakIrtinA 'vicAraSatrizikA (deDaka) bAlA.' ane 'SaSTizataka bAlA." (baMne saM. 1690/ I.sa.1634 AsapAsa), nAnajIno 'RSimaMDaLa bAlA.' (saM.1670 I.sa. 1614), hIracaMdrano kamavipAka bAlA." (samakAlIna), sahajaratnano 'lokanAla (dvAtrizikA) bAlA." (samakAlIna), udayasAgarano 'laghu) kSetrasamAsa bAlA." (saM.1676 I.sa.16202), zrIsAra pAThakano "guNasthAnakramAroha bAlA.' (saM.1681/ I.sa.1625), zubhavijayano "pAMca bolano micchAmi dokaDo bAlA." (saM. 1656 I.sa.1600) - A bAlA.nI bhASA ".. teha ja pAMca bolanu artha koI eka viparIta karaI chaI te mATe teha ja pAMca bolanu artha zAstranaI anusAriM jima chaI tima ja likhIe chaI." (amadAvAdamAM lakhela che) - AmAM "mATenI joDaNIthI pakaDAya che ke bhASA arvAcIna che, lahiye anyatra jUnI joDaNI ApI che (je.gU. ka. 3, pR.231). | vijayazekhara (vi.saM.nI 17mI sadInA uttarArdha)no "jJAtAsUtra bAlA.', jayakItino pratikramaNa sUtra bAlA." (sa.1693/I.sa. 1637), sUracaMdrano "cAtumAsika vyAkhyAna bAlA." (saM.1694 I.sa.1638), jJAnamUrtino saMgrahaNI bAlA.' (samakAlIna), kuzaladhIrano "pRthvIrAja kRSNavelI bAlA." (saM. 1696) I.sa.1640), dhanavimalano "prajJApanAsUtra bAlA." (saM.196o I.sa.1640 AsapAsa), nayavilAsano 'lokanAla bAlA.' (saM. 1698 I.sa. 164ra pahelAM), dhanavijayano cha karmagraMtha bAlA." (saM. 1700 I.sa.1644), A uparAMta ajJAta kataonA A sadInA 64 jeTalA bAlAvabodha jANavAmAM AvyA che (ejana, pR.348-256). A sadInA ajJAta kataonA bIjA nava maLe che (ejana, pR.385-395). vikramanI 18mI sadImAM paNa bAlAvabodho racAyA che. jayasomanA karmagraMtha paranA cha bAlAvabodha, SaSTizataka bAlA." ane "saMbodhasattarI bAlA." ene 17mI-18mInI saMdhinA kahI zakAya. jinaharSa (jazarAja)nA be dIpAlikAkalpa bAlA." (saM.1763/I.sa. 1707 ?) ane '(snAtra)pUjApaMcAzikA bAlA.)' kSemavijayano "kalpasUtra bAlA." (saM. 1707I.sa. 16pa1) tema bhagavatI sUtra bAlA." (saM. 1707/I.sa.1651 ane saM.1734/I.sa.1678 vacce), haMsarAja

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madhyakAlIna gujarAtI jaina gadyasAhitya 1 kapa no 'dravyasaMgraha bAlA." (saM. 1709I.sa.1653 pahelAM), kezavajI RSino 'dazAzrutaskaMdha bAlA." (saM. 1709I.sa.1653), mahAna naiyAyika yazovijayajInA upacanirgathI bAlA." "mahAvIrastavana svopajJa bAlA." (saM.1733 I.sa.1677)' "nayacakrano bAlA." dravyaguNapayayi rAsa - svopajJa bAlA." saMyamazreNIvicAra stavanano svopajJa bAlA." "sImaMdharastavanano svopajJa bAlA." ane "jJAnasAra (saM.)no svopajJa bAlA. (saM. 1711 I.sa.1655thI 1738/ I.sa.1682 sudhImAM) A bAlAvabodho prApya che. (emanI bhASA avAMcIna banI gaI jovA maLe che.) aneka saMskRta graMthonA racayitA A vidvAna AcAryane hAthe gujarAtI bhASAmAM paNa bALAvabodho racAyA che e noMdhapAtra che. A samayanA eka anya yazovijayano 'tattvArthasUtra bAlA." paNa jANavAmAM Avyo che. koI vRddhivijayano upadezamAlA bAlA." (saM. 1733/I.sa.1677),' IdraubhAgyano dhUkhyAna prabaMdha athavA bAlA." (saM. 1712 I.sa.1656), mAnavijayagaNino "bhavabhAvanA bAlA." (saM. 1725/I.sa.1669), jinavijayano SaDAvazyakasUtra bAlA." (saM. 1751/I.sa.1695) - AnI bhASA, jevI ke "saMvaccharaI caMdramAM 1 zrIkRSNanI priyatamAM strI rUmiNI tehano putra pradyumna - kAma tehanA bANa pAMca RSi 7 kSamA 1 pRthivI pramANa 17pa1 zrI vijayamAnasUri rAjya dIpAlikAnAM divasaI paMDita zrI yazavijayagaNie pratyakSa paDAvazyakanA arthanA udyama prati karato havo paMDita zrI jinavijayagaNiziSya mAMhi prathama paMDita. samyakatva sahita bAra vratanI dhArikA rUpA zrAvikAnA ati Agraha thakI prathama prati ga. darzanavijayanAmA ziSya likhato havo. sUrati baMdiranaI viSaI harSaI karI artheti samAptau." (jena.gU.ka.4, pR.379) Ama joDaNI jUnI rAkhavAno prayatna jovA maLe che. emano bIjo "jIvAbhigamasUtra bAlA.' (saM. 1772/ I.sa. 1716), jJAnavimalasUri-nayavimalanA "pAkSika kSAmaNa bAlA." (saM. 1773 I.sa.1717) "lokanAla bAlA." "sImaMdhara jina stavana bAlA." "sakala hatu bAlA." "ATha yogadRSTi vicAra sajhAyano bAlA." ane "AnaMdaghana 22 stavana bAlA." jANavAmAM AvyA che. (ejana, pR.414-417). haMsaratnano "adhyAtmakalpadruma bAlA." (saM.nI 18mI sadIno pUvadhI, devakuzalano 'vaMdAravRtti bAlA." (saM. 1756I.sa1700) ane kalpasUtra bAlA.', lakSmIvinayano bhuvanadIpaka bAlA." (saM.1767I.sa.1711), lAdhAzAhano pRthvIcaMdra guNasAgara caritra bAlA." (saM.1807/I.sa.1751, A 18mI sadInA AraMbhamAM racAyo che), rAmavijaya vAcakanA upadezamAlA bAlA." (saM.1781/I.sa.1725) ane neminAtha caritra bAlA." (saM.1784 I.sa. 1728), sukhasAgaranA "kalpasUtra bAlA." (saM. 1762/I.sa. 1706) dIpAlIkalpa bAlA.' (saM.1763/I.sa. 1707), "navatattva bAlA.' ane "pAkSikasUtra

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ss D madhyakAlIna gujarAtI jaina sAhitya bAlA." (saM. 1773 I.sa. 1717), vijayeMdrasUriziSyano "yUlibhadra caritra bAlA." (saM.1762 I.sa.1786), devacaMdragaNinA 'covisI svopajJa bAlA." (saM.18mIno uttarAdha), "guruguNachattIsI bAlA." "saptasmaraNa bAlA." ane "24 daMDaka vicAra bAlA." (saM.1803/I.sa.1747), padmacaMdraziSyano navatattva bAlA." (hiMdImAM saM. 1766I.sa.1710), jIvavijayanA "jabUdvIpa- prajJapti bAlA." (sa. 1770 I.sa. 1714) "prajJApanAsUtra bAlA.' (saM. 1784) I.sa. 1728) "adhyAtmakalpadruma bAlA." (saM. 1790 I.sa.1734), cha karmagraMtha bAlA." (saM.183I.sa. 1747) ane "jIvavicAra bAlA." (samakAlIna), lakSmIvimala - vibudhavimalasUrino "samyakatvaparIkSA bAlA." (saM. 1813 I.sa.1757), jinasomano 'siddhapaMcAzikA bAlA." (saM.1781/I.sa. 1725), harSanidhAnasUrino "ratnasamuccaya bAlA." (saM.1783/I.sa.1727 pahelAM), jJAnasAgara-udayasAgarasUrino 'laghukSetrasamAsa bAlA." (saM. 18mI sadIno aMtabhAga), lAvaNyavijayano "yogazAstra bAlA.' (saM.1788 I.sa.1732 pahelAM). rAmavijaya-rUpacaMdanA "bhartuharizatakatraya bAlA.' (saM.1788 I.sa. 1732), 'amarazataka bAlA.' (sa.1791 I.sa. 1735), "samayasAra bAlA." (saM. 1798 I.sa.1742), "bhaktAmarastotra bAlA.' (saM.1811/ I.sa.17papa) ane "navatattva bAlA." (saM. 1834I.sa.1778) buMdhavijayano "yogazAstra bAlA." (saM.180I.sa. 1744 pahelAM), bhAnuvijayano "pArzvanAtha caritra bAlA.' (saM. 1800I.sa. 1744), uparAMta ajJAta kaoinA 164 jeTalA bAlAvabodha jANavAmAM AvyA che, stabaka-TabA paNa ghaNA che. (je.gu.ka. 5, pR.374-395 ane 430-436) vikramanI 18mI sadIno 'bAlAvabodhono phAla Azcaryamugdha karI de tevo che. virakta sAdhuvayae potAnA jJAnano lAbha anyone maLe e mATe potAnA samayano sadupayoga karyo che e gujarAtI gadyanA vikAsanA kSetre noMdhapAtra che. vikramanI 19mI sadImAM AgaLa vadhato e pravAha vadhu ane vadhu AgaLa vadhato rahyo che. jJAnasAgaraziSya udyotasAgarano "samyakRtva stava bAlA." (saM.19mInI 1lI pacIsI), uttamavijayano zrAddhavidhivRtti bAlA. (saM.1824 I.sa. 1768), tattvahaMsano bhuvanabhAnucaritra bAlA." (saM. 1801I.sa. 1745), bhaktivijayano citrasena padmAvatI caritra bAlA." (19mIno AraMbha), dharmacaMdrano "bhuvanadIpaka bAlA." (saM.1806/I.sa.1750), padmavijayanA gautamapRcchA bAlA." (saM. 1884I.sa. 1828) ane "mahAvIra (hUMDI) stavana bAlA." (saM.1849I.sa.1793), kSamA kalyANa vAcakano "yazodhara caritra bAlA." (saM.1893 I.sa.1837), kAMtivijayanA 'gaNadharavAda bAlA." (saM. 1838/I.sa. 1782) ane "kSetrasamAsa bAlA." jJAnasAranA "AnaMdaghana covIsI

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madhyakAlIna gujarAtI jaina gadyasAhitya ] 67 bAlA.' (saM.1866/I.sa.1810), 'AnaMdaghana bahuttarI bAlA.'', 'jinamatadhAraka vyavasthAvarNana stavana bAlA.', adhyAtmagItA: bAlA.' (hiMdI, saM.1880| I.sa.1824) ane 'sAdhusajhAya bAlA.' (mudrita che), vallabhavijayano 'sthUlabhadraciratra bAlA. (saM.1864/I.sa.1808) AnaMda-vallabhano daMDaka saMgrahaNI bAlA.' (saM.1880/I.sa.1824), kuMvaravijayanA adhyAtmagItA bAlA.' (saM. 1882/I.sa.1826), mohana (molhA?)no 'anuyogadvAra bAlA.' (samakAlIna), ajJAtakartAonA 183 jeTalA (jai.gU.ka.6, pR.324-348). vikramanI 19mI sadImAMno bAlAvabodho'no pravAha 20mI sadImAM paNa cAlu rahyo che, jevo ke RddhisAra-rAmalAlano 'saMghapaTTaka bAlA.' (hiMdImAM, saM.1967/I.sa.1911), uparAMta ajJAtakartAonA 58 jeTalA jANavAmAM AvyA che. (ejana, pR.400-404 ane 414-469). chellAM cho sADAchasso varSonA gALAmAM madhyakAlIna gujarAtI gadyanI racanAo moTI saMkhyAmAM thaI che. teomAM 'bAlAvabodho'nI saMkhyA pramANamAM vadhu thaI che. stabako-TabA paNa thayA che, paNa eonI saMkhyA maryAdita che, jyAre 'kathAo' kahI zakAya tevI racanAo paNa taddana maryAdita che. 'varNako'ane 'pRthvIcaMdracarita' jevI gadya AkhyAyikA to bhAgye ja anya jovA maLe che. anuprAsAtmaka gadya ApatI AvI racanAo svalpa ja che. noMdhavA jevuM che ke keTalAka 'bAlAvabodho" mAtra vivaraNasvarUpanA hoya che, jyAre keTalAka 'bAlAvabodho'mAM vivaraNa sAthosAtha prasaMgane baMdha bese evI dRSTAMtakathAo ApavAmAM AvI hoya che. sAhityaprakAranI dRSTie AvA bAlAvabodho mahattva dharAve che. A kiMmatI sAhitya zabdasamRddhi, bhASAno vikAsa ane sAhityaprakAra A traNa rIte ApaNuM dhana che. A kAraNe eonuM prakAzana jarUrI che. pro. jayaMta koThArIe sva. zrI mohanalAla dalIcaMda dezAInA jaina gUrjara kavio'nA traNa graMthonuM saMpAdana hAtha para laI jabaradasta puruSArtha Adaryo e cha jeTalA graMtho pAchaLa kharcAyelA zramathI samajAya che. emano 7mo graMtha prasiddha na thayo hota to cha graMtho pAchaLa lIdhelI mahenatanuM sArthakya zaMkAspada raheta. pAMca jeTalI varNAnukramaNIo te-te dRSTie mahattvanI che. AmAMnI kRtionI varNAnukramaNI vargIkRta ApavAmAM AvI che ane sAhityaprakAronI paNa vargaNI ApI che. mAre 'bAlAvabodho' vize jANavuM hatuM e mATe A vargaNI mane upayogI thaI che. e pachI ja chaye graMthonuM pratyeka pAnuM joI javAthI mArI apekSA pUrNa thaI. uparanI tAravaNI A be prakAre sahaja banI che. pro. koThArInA 7 graMtha na hota to mAro A prayatna saraLatAthI siddha thaI zakyo na hota. aMtamAM mArI eka vinaMtI che ke koI paNa saMsthA, e pachI jaina hoya ke jainetara,

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68 madhyakAlIna gujarAtI jaina sAhitya jene gujarAtI bhASAsAhityanA prakAzananuM dhyeya che teNe "bAlAvabodhonA prakAzananI eka yojanA vicAravI joIe. seMkaDo bAlAvabodhomAMthI pasaMda karIne e mAlAmAM prasiddha thaye jAya, je dareka graMthane aMte zabdonI yAdIo paNa prasiddha thatI rahe.

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madhyakAlIna gujarAtI jaina kavitAnA padabaMdho kirtidA jozI madhyakAlIna gujarAtI jaina sAhitye ApaNI sAhityaparaMparAno anekavidha vAraso sAcavavAnuM ane ene AgaLa laI javAnuM puNyakArya karyuM che. cheka prAkRtakALathI cAlyA AvatA kathApravAhane eNe aparaMpAra rAsAonA pAtramAM jhIlyo che. e ja rIte eNe paraMparAgata padyabaMdhone sAcavyA che, potAnA samayanA anya vizALa sAhityarAzimAMthI aneka padyabaMdho jhIlyA che, ane navA paNa yojyA che. eTale madhyakAlIna gujarAtI jaina kavitAmAM padyabaMdhono eka khajAno UghaDato dekhAya che. A padyabaMdhone ApaNe A pramANe mukhya vargomAM vibhakta karI zakIe. 1. saMskRta akSarameLa vRtto, 2. apabhraMza mAtrAmeLa chaMdo, 3. cAraNI chaMdo, 4. dezI DhALo ke dezIo. A paghabaMdhonI sAthe rAgono nirdeza paNa ghaNI vAra thayo che ne e rIte ApaNI rAgasamRddhi paNa emAM chatI thAya che. A padyabaMdhono abhyAsa karatAM enI keTalIka lAkSaNikatAo UpasI Ave che. ApaNe have te joIe. ' 1. akSarameLa vRttoH A saMskRtano vAraso che. gujarAtI jaina kavitAmAM enA viniyoganA keTalAka muddAo A pramANe tAravI zakAya ? (1) akSarameLa vRttono vaparAza samagra madhyakAlIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM ghaNo ocho che ane jaina kavitAmAM paNa e ja sthiti jovA maLe che. Ama chatAM saMpUrNapaNe vRttabaddha evAM keTalAMka kAvyo maLe che kharAM. jemake, zAlisarinuM virATaparva' (I.sa. 1422 pahelAM), AkhuMye kRtavilaMbita, mAlinI, upajAti, svAgatA, vasaMtatilakA vagere vRttomAM racAyeluM che. samagra madhyakAlIna kavitAmAM A prakAranuM A paheluM ja kAvya che. kesaravimalakata "suktamAlA' (I.sa.1698) paNa vividha vRttomAM che. jayazekharasUrikRta abudAcala vinatI' (I.sa. 1400 AsapAsa), lAvaNyasamayakRta "caturvizati jina stavana" (I.sa.1530 AsapAsa), bhAnumerukRta 'staMbhana pArzvanAtha stuti (I.sa.soLamA zatakano uttarAdha), IzvarasUrita 'IsarazikSA' (I.sa.16mI sadIno AraMbha) vagere tio saLaMga koI eka vRttamAM racAyelI che. emAM upajAti. mAlinI, tavilaMbita vagere vRtto vaparAyAM che. joI zakAya che ke lAMbI kathAtmaka ane

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70 ] madhyakAlIna gujarAtI jaina sAhitya aupadezika racanAo vividha vRttomAM che, jyAre stavanAdi prakAranI nAnI kRtio koI eka vRttamAM che. vRttaracanAno viniyoga 15mI sadInA AraMbhathI 17mI sadInA aMta sudhI vistarelo dekhAya che. (2) saLaMga vRttabaddha kAvyo maLe che te uparAMta anya padyabaMdhonI vacce chUTakachUTaka rIte ke vaividhya khAtara akSarameLa vRttono upayoga thayo hoya evA paNa ghaNA dAkhalA maLe che. IzvarasUrikRta 'lalitAMga caritra' (I.sa.1505)mAM mAtrAmeLa chaMdonI sAthe indravajrA ane upendravajrA e vRtto prayojAyAM che. keTalAMka phAgu kAvyomAM vividha prakAranA chaMdonI cokkasa prakAranI goThavaNI hoya che temAM 'kAvya' evAM zIrSakathI zArdUlavikrIDita mukAto hoya che, e uparAMta sragdharAno paNa viniyoga thayelo che. A uparAMta paNa ghaNI kRtiomAM vaccevacce akSarameLa vRtto AvelAM che. keTalIka vAra akSarameLa vRttane zloka' tarIke paNa oLakhavAmAM Ave che. (3) madhyakAlIna sAhityanA akSarameLa vRttabaMdhanuM eka lakSaNa khAsa noMdhanIya che. emAM keTalIka vAra vAkya eka caraNamAMthI bIjA caraNamAM vahe che caraNanI vaccethI zarU thaI bIjA caraNamAM vahe che tema eka zlokamAMthI bIjA zlokamAM vahe che. virATaparva'nA vRttabaMdhamAM AvA dAkhalA jovA maLyA che. Aje jene ApaNe baLavaMtarAye pratiSThita karela saLaMga pagharacanA' tarIke oLakhIe chIe tene maLatI A racanA gaNAya. (4) 'virATaparva'nA vRttabaMdhamAM eka zlokanAM be caraNa eka vRttamAM hoya ane bIjAM be caraNa bIjA vRttamAM hoya evA paNa dAkhalA maLe che. 2. mAtrAmeLa chaMdo H A apabhraMzano vAraso che. gujarAtI jaina kavitAmAM enA viniyoganA muddA A pramANe tAravI zakAya : (1) mAtrAmeLa chaMdo to madhyakAlIna kavitAmAM pracuratAthI vaparAyelA che. 14mI sadI sudhI to enuM ja calaNa dekhAya che. pachIthI mAtrAmeLa chaMdonI sAthe dezI DhALono viniyoga vadhato jAya che. (2) mAtrAmeLa chaMdomAM samagra madhyakALamAM vyApaka rUpe prayojAyela to duhA ane copAI che. e jANe lAMbI kathAtmaka kRtinAM to anivArya aMga che. e kAraNe evI kRtio 'copAI'nA nAmathI paNa oLakhAya che. e sivAya prayojAyelA bIjA mAtrAmeLa chaMdo che vastu (= 23aa), tripadI, soraThA, roLA, harigIta, dhaula, pavADo, padhyaDI, rAsaka, ahilla, maDila, phAga, gAthA vagere. A uparAMta ekathI vadhu chaMdanA mizraNavALA caMdrAvaLA, kuMDaliyA, chappA vagere baMdho paNa vaparAyA che. vastu chaMdano vaparAza dhImedhIme ghaTato gayo che ane 17mI sadI pachI to eno vaparAza bhAgye ja dekhAya che. kvacita 'aDatAlA copAI' jevA copAInA viziSTa prakArano viniyoga paNa maLe che. 'kAvyArdhabolI, 'aDilAdhaMbolI' jevAM nAmo

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madhyakAlIna gujarAtI jaina kavitAnA padyabaMdho | 71 kadAca bolI (gadha)-mizrita aDilA vagere chaMdo sUcavatA hoya. e noMdhapAtra che ke jaina sAhityamAM keTalAMka chaMdanAmonuM saMskRtIkaraNa thayuM che. jemake, duhA mATe "dogdhaka' uparAMta dugdhaghaTA' e zabda paNa prayojAyo che. (3) A mAtrAmeLa chaMdo geya hatA te uparAMta madhyakAlIna gujarAtImAM to A mAtrAmeLa chaMdonI dezIo eTaleke ene pAyAmAM rAkhIne racAyelI dezI DhALo AstitvamAM AvI che. jemake, aDhayAnI dezI, ulAlAnI dezI, doharAnI dezI evA ullekho prApta thAya che. () copAI jevA keTalAka chaMdomAM ane kaMDaLiyA jevI racanArItimAM thayelI saLaMga kRtio maLe che paraMtu duhA, vastu jevA keTalAka chaMdo AMtaretare, ghaNI vAra kathAnakanA vaLAMkane sthAne AvatA. te chaMdomAM thayelI AkhI racanA pramANamAM ghaNI ochI maLe che. alabatta subhASito ane upadezAtmaka aMzo mATe duhA, kavitta ane chappAno upayoga karavAno cAla hato. moTA bhAganI madhyakAlIna kRtio to aneka chaMdo ane dezIonA sahiyArA upayogathI racAyelI che. 3. cAraNI chaMdoH e apabhraMzano vAraso ane vikAsa che. cAraNI zailI eka vAkchaTAvALI viziSTa zailI che, jenAM, joma ane gati e mukhya lakSaNo che. madhyakAlIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM enA viniyoganA keTalAka muddA A pramANe tAravI zakAya ? (1) viziSTapaNe cAraNI kahevAya evA chaMdomAM motIdAma, bhUjaMgaprayAta, reDakI, tribhaMgI, lIlAvatI, nArAca, paddhaDI, hATakI vagere gaNAvI zakAya. (2) A cAraNI chaMdono prasaMgopAtta lAMbI kRtiomAM upayoga thayo che te uparAMta eka yA vadhu cAraNI chaMdothI ja thayelI racanAo maLe che, je "chaMda'ne nAme ja oLakhAya che. jemake, sahajasuMdaranI "guNaratnAkara chaMda, lAvaNyasamayanI raMgaratnAkara neminAtha chaMda' vagere. (jaina gUrjara kaviomAMthI AnI vistRta yAdI maLI zake che.) (3) cAraNonI sabhAraMjanI zailI rAjadarabAro sAthenA saMbaMdhane AbhArI hatI. keTalAka jaina sAdhukavio paNa rAjadarabAro sAthe saMbaMdha dharAvatA hatA ane emaNe cAraNI chaMdono vizeSa upayoga karyo che, vizeSa kuzaLatAthI paNa karyo che. jemake, vijayaharSanA ziSya dharmasiMha (I.sa.17mI-19mI sadI). emane bikAnera vagere rAjasthAnanA rAjavIo sAthe saMbaMdho hatA. cAraNI chaMdo ane prAsAnuprAsa, jhaDajhamaka, citrabaMdhovALI sabhAraMjanI zailIno emaNe ghaNo upayoga karyo che. chaMda, kavitta, savaiyA vagere nAmathI temaNe cAraNI zailInI saLaMga racanAo paNa karelI che. rAjavIo pAsethI "kavirAja ane "kavibahAdura' jevAM biruda jemaNe meLavyAM hatAM e dIpavijaya (I.sa.18mI-19mI sadI) paNa cAraNI chaMdonI kuzaLatA batAve

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72 ] madhyakAlIna gujarAtI jaina sAhitya 4. dezIo : ApaNe AgaLa joyuM tema madhyakAlIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mAtrAmeLa chaMdo dezIo tarIke prayojAyA che. te uparAMta saMkhyAbaMdha anya dezI DhALo paNa vaparAyela che. enA pAyAmAM to koI mAtrAmeLa hoya ja che paraMtu geyatA enuM pradhAna lakSaNa che. gujarAtI jaina kavitAmAM A dezIonA viniyoganA keTalAka muddAo A pramANe tAravI zakAya : (1) 15mI sadI pachI jaina kavitAmAM dezIonuM pramANa vadhatuM rahyuM che ane pachIthI to e ja racanAnuM mukhya aMga banI gayuM che. rAsa vagere prakAranI kRtiomAM 'DhALa' nAmathI je mukhya bhAga Avato te dezIomAM ja Avato. jainetara paraMparAmAM AkhyAno dezIomAM racAyelAM che paraMtu padyavArtAno baMdha sAmAnya rIte duhA, copAI jevA mAtrAmeLa chaMdono ja rahyo che. jaina paraMparAmAM padyavArtAo paNa e 'rAsa' 'copAI' evA nAmathI ja oLakhAtI - mukhyatve dezIbaMdhamAM ja racAI che. (2) jaina kavitAmAM vaparAyelI dezIonuM vaividhya jainetara kavitAne mukAbale ghaNuM vadhAre hoya evuM dekhAya che. vaLI, jaina paraMparAmAM vaparAyelI dezInI paMkti DhALane AraMbhe noMdhavAnI prathA atyaMta vyApaka che. Ane kAraNe. vaparAyelI dezIonI noMdha paNa ApaNane maLI zake che. mohanalAla da. dezAIe jaina gUrjara kavio' (pahelI AvRtti, bhA.3, pR.1833thI 2104)mAM dezIonI yAdI ApI che temAM 2328 + 123 dezIo noMdhAyelI che. pAchaLanI yAdImAMthI 107 dezIo to hastaprata rUpe maLatA dezIonA saMgrahanI ja che. eTaleke jaina kavioe dezIonI sUci paNa karI che. A hakIkata dezIonA upayoga aMgenA emanA prabaLa valaNanI nidarzaka che. 123 mAMhenI 17 to dezAIe vaparAyelI dezInI AkhI kRtio ApI che te che. (3) vastutaH noMdhAyelI ATalIbadhI dezIo badhI ja ekabIjAthI judA ja geya DhALano nirdeza karatI hoya evuM na ja bane. dezInI paMkti judI hoya paNa DhALa eka ja hoya evuM banI zake. eka kavie jUnI koI racanAnI paMktine potAnI racanAnI dezI tarIke nirdezI hoya ane pachIthI A kavinI ja paMkti dezI tarIke uddhRta thAya evuM banI zake ane banyuM paNa che. saMkhyAno vadhAro Ane AbhArI che. koI abhyAsI A noMdhAyelI dezIomAM kharekhara keTalI judI DhALo che te nakkI karI zake. - dezAIe ApelI dezIsUcimAM AraMbhanA zabdanA pharakathI eka ne eka dezI ja pharI vAra noMdhAI gaI hoya evuM banyuM che. emaNe pote Avo nirdeza keTaleka sthAne karyo che ane rivallabha bhAyANIe AvAM bIjAM ghaNAM sthAno batAvyAM che. A rIte paNa dezIonI saMkhyA vadhI che. joke, A badhuM vicAratAM paNa dezAIe karelI yAdI madhyakALamAM jainoe vAparelI dezIonI apAra samRddhi batAve ja che. (4) dezIo vividha prakAre ullekhAyelI jovA maLe che. keTalIka vAra ekAda

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madhyakAlIna gujarAtI jaina kavitAnA padyabaMdho 73 zabdathI ja dezIno ullekha thayo che. jemake, "sAhelaDIyAnI dezI.' kyAreka aDadhI paMktithI dezIno ullekha thayo che. jemake, "aho matavAle sAjanA' kyAreka AkhI paMktithI dezIno ullekha thayo che. jemake, "gorI gAgara mada bharI re, ratanapIyAlA hAtha, dhaNa rA DholA.' kyAreka be paMktithI dezIno ullekha thayo che. jemake, tame pATaNa dese jAjyo, pATaNanI paTolI lAjo ho mANA. ghaNuM savAdI DholA ! sanehI vAhalA ! lAgo neha na toDo. keTalIka vAra AthI vadhAre aMza dezI tarIke uddhata thayo hoya tevAM dRSTAMto paNa maLe che. dezAIe hastapratone AdhAre 107 dezIonI je yAdI ApI che temAM pAMca kaDI sudhInI dezIo maLe che. koIka to AkhI kRti ja che. dezAIe A yAdIne "moTI dezIonI anukramaNikA' evuM zIrSaka paNa ApyuM che. (5) uddhata thayelI dezIo bhinnabhinna bhASAnI jovA maLe che. emAM gujarAtI rAjasthAnInI racanAo to hoya ja, paNa te uparAMta vrajabhASA (hindI), siMdhI, paMjAbI temaja mAravADI. mevADI vagere bolIonI racanAonI paMktio paNa vaparAyelI che. samayasuMdare to pote vAparelI dezIonA A prakAranA vaividhyano nirdeza paNa kyAM che. "mRgAvatI rAsamAM pote "saMdhi pUrava marudhara gujarAtI, DhAla navinava bhAtI' vAparI che ema kahyuM che. saMdhi eTale siMdhanI. purava eTale pUrva hindanI eTale hindI, marudhara eTale mAravADI. uparAMta, mAravADanI DhuMDhADI. mevADI temaja dilhInI bhASAnI DhAla paNa emaNe vAparI che. emaNe yojelI dezanAM gIto meDA, nAgora vagere pradezamAM prasiddha hovAnuM emaNe noMdhyuM che. Ano artha e che ke kavie A dezIvaividhya jANakArIthI ane sabhAnatAthI ApyuM che. (6) uddhata thayelI dezIo anAmI lokagIto vagerenI che tema nAmI kavionI racanAonI paNa che. ghaNI dezIonI mULa kRti ApaNe zodhI paNa zakIe. "jaina gUrjara kavionI dezI-sUcimAM dezAIe ghaNe sthAne e dezanA mULano ullekha karyo che. jemake, "ajita niNaMda suM prItaDI' e yazovijayakRta. ajita stavananI paMkti che ane jJAnavimala vagerenI kRtiomAM e dezI vaparAI che. jainetara kavionI paNa paMktio uddhata thayelI che. jemake, vallabha bhaTTanA garabAnI "mA pAvA te gaDhathI utaya' e paMkti. jinaharSanI "vIzI'mAM uddhata thayelI che. kavi potAnI ja anya racanAnI dezImAM lakhe evuM paNa bane che. samayasuMdara dezI. tarIke potAnI ja anya racanAonI paMktio uddhata karI che. koI vAra paMkti uddhata karyA vagara jANItI racanAnA nAma sAthe dezIno ullekha thato hoya che. jemake, "sudAmAnA gItanI dezI', "sItAvelanI dezI'. koI vAra kavinAmano paNa nirdeza hoya che. jemake, "thobhaNanA bAramAsanI dezI' vagere. (7) dezIonAM A prakAranAM uddharaNo keTalAMka aitihAsika tathyo ughADI

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74 ] madhyakAlIna gujarAtI jaina sAhitya Ape che. khAsa karIne kavionA samayanirNayamAM e kAma Ave che. dezAIe AnaMdaghanajIno samaya emaNe je kavionI kRtinI paMktio dezI tarIke uddhRta karI che ene AdhAre karyo che (mahAvIra jaina vidyAlaya rajata mahotsava graMtha, adhyAtmIzrI AnaMdaghana ane zrI yazovijaya). 'mA pAvA te gaDhathI UtaryaM' e vallabha bhaTTanI paMkti saM.1761mAM racAyelI jinaharSanI 'vIzI'mAM uddhRta thayela che tethI vallabha bhaTTano e garabo te pUrve racAyo hato ema nakkI thAya che. vallabha bhaTTanI anya koI kRti saM.1792 pahelAMnI noMdhAyelI nathI tethI A samayanirdeza vallabhanA samayane vahelo laI javAmAM madadarUpa thAya che. (8) keTalAka jaina kavio potAnI kRtimAM dareka DhALamAM judIjudI dezI (ane judo rAga paNa) prayoje che ane evo ullekha paNa kare che. A hakIkata paNa A kavionA dezI vaividhya (ane rAvaividhya paNa) pratyenA AkarSaNanI sUcaka che. rAjasiMhakRta 27 DhALanI ArAmazobhA ciratra'mAM badhI DhALamAM judIjudI dezIono nirdeza thayo che. kanakasuMdare to 'harizcaMdra rAsa'mAM pote ja kahyuM che chatrIse jUjUA, viniva DhAla rasAla.' 'rAga (9) uddhRta thayelI dezIo jaina stavano vageremAMthI to hoya ja. paNa te uparAMta dezIo garabA, rAsa, lokagIta, vivAhagIta, bhaktivairAgyanA pada ke bhajana vagere prakAromAMthI levAmAM AvI che. emAM svAbhAvika rIte ja kRSNa, rAma, mAtAjI vagere viSayaka racanAo sthAna pAmI che. A dezIomAMthI 200 jeTalI to kRSNaviSayaka racanAonI che, je e viSayanI asAdhAraNa lokapriyatA darzAve che. ApaNe A badhA viSaya-prakAronAM thoDAM dRSTAMto joIe. (ka) garabAnI paMktio : 1. garabau kauNanai korAvyau ki naMdajI re lAla, garabau pAravatI re sire sohe naMdajI re lAla. 2. jogamAyA garabe rame re. 3. mA pAvAgaDhathI UtaryAM re mA. 4. megha aMdhArI re, rAtaDI ne mIThaDA be asavAra. 5. sAbaramatie AvyAM che jaLapUra jo, cAre ne kAMThe mAtA ramI vaLyAM re. - A garabAomAM mAtAjI uparAMta kRSNano paNa ullekha che te joI zakAya che. (kha) bhakti ane vairAgyabhAvanAM bhajano ane gItonI paMktio : 1. goviMdo prANa hamAro re, mone juga lAge khAro re. 2. ceta to cetavuM tUne re, pAmara prANI. 3. mAro mAro sApiNI niramala baiThI, tribhuvana DasIyA gorakha dIThI.

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madhyakAlIna gujarAtI jaina kavitAnA padyabaMdho ! 75 (ga) vivAhagItonI paMktio : 1. bhamaro UDe raMga mohalamAM re. paDe re nagArAnI dhrosa re. bhamara tArI jAnamAM re, 2. ole kAMThe gaMgA ne pele kAMThe yamunA. 3. sAhelyAM he AMbo morIyo. 4. pIThIpIThI kare paTarANI. (1) lokagItonI paMktio : 1. chANA vINavA huM gaI re. 2. phatamala pANIDA gaI'tI talAva, kAMTo lAge re kAcI kera ro. 3. jAo jAo re rUThaDA nAtha, tama zuM nahIM boluM. (2) kRSNaviSayaka paMktio : 1. garabe ramavA Avi, mAta jasodA to naI vanavuM re. 2. gokala gAMmaI goMdarai jo, mahIDau vecaNa gaIthI jo. 3. navI navI nagarImAM vasaI re sonAra, kAnhajI ghaDAvaI navasara hAra. (cha) rAmaviSayaka paMktio : 1. moruM mana mohyala re, rUDA rAma myuM re. 2. Avau garabA ramIyAM, rUDA rAma myuM re. (10) akSarameLa vRttabaMdhamAM ekathI vadhu caraNamAM vahetuM hoya evuM vAkya maLe che evuM ApaNe AgaLa noMdhyuM. geya dezIbaMdhamAM paNa vAkya eka caraNamAMthI bIjA caraNamAM ja nahIM paNa eka kaDImAMthI bIjI kaDImAM vahe evA dAkhalA maLe che te jarA vilakSaNa lAge evI vAta che. dA.ta. jayavaMtasUrikRta 'RSidatta rAsamAM nIcenI paMktio juo : tiNi nizi kumAranAM nidrA nAvI, ciMtaI visavA vasaI, prANa prIAnaI dohilI velA. e to AvI daI. (16.4) AmAM pahelI paMktinA visavA vIsaIno anvaya bIjI paMkti sAthe che. "mArI prANapriyAne nakkI saMkaTanI veLA AvI che evuM vAkya emAM raheluM che. have samayapramodakRta 'ArAmazobhA copAI'nI nIcenI be kaDIo juo : kopai, "bAMdhIya ANau, viprasutA hAM tANa, mAnI rAyavacatra, puruSe nAri adhatra. 187 bAMdhI pAchalI bAMhi, veNIdaMDa suM sAhI rAya taNaI pAsi ANI, cora sarakhIya jANI. 188 ahIM 'rAjapuruSa e adhanya nArIne pAchaLa hAtha bAMdhIne...' e vAkya be

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76 ] madhyakAlIna gujarAtI jaina sAhitya kaDImAM vaheMcAyeluM che. (11) dezIonI sAthe temaja svataMtra rIte ghaNA rAgo ullekhAyelA che DhALane AraMbhe temaja kavinA kRti mAMhenA ullekhamAM paNa. niraMjanA vorA saMpAdita dezIonI sUci'mAM 50 uparAMta rAgonI sUci ApavAmAM AvI che. emAM rAganA peTAprakAro paNa jovA maLe che. jemake, kAphI - paMjAbI ane husenI. mizra rAgo paNa jovA maLe che. jemake, AzAvarI-siMdhuo, parijayo-mAru, vasaMta-kedArlR vagere. A hakIkata jaina kavionI mAtra padyabaMdhakuzaLatA nahIM paNa saMgItakuzaLatAno paNa nirdeza kare che. madhyakALamAM padyabaMdhanI sAthe saMgItanA rAga paNa joDAyelA rahetA e paNa AnA parathI samajAya che. e spaSTa che ke madhyakAlIna jaina kavitAmAM vaparAyelA padyabaMdho ApaNuM amUluM dhana che. saMdarbhasUci : 1. jaina gUrjara kavio, pahelI AvRtti, bhA.3, prayojaka mohanalAla 6. dezAI, 1944. 2. dezIonI sUci, saMpA. niraMjanA vorA, 1990. 3. AnaMda kAvya mahaudadhi, bhA.7, saMgrA. munirAja zrI saMpatavijaya, vi.saM.1982 - 'kavivara samayasuMdara', mohanalAla da. dezAI. 4. gujarAtI sAhityano itihAsa, bhA.2, saMpA. umAzaMkara jozI vagere madhyakAlIna paghasAhityano chaMdobaMdha', harivallabha bhAyANI. noMdha : A lekha uparanI sAmagrIne AdhAre karelI tAravaNI che. emAM 'dezIonI sUcio'mAMnAM harivallabha bhAyANInAM be lakhANono vizeSapaNeM AdhAra lIdho che. uparAMta jayaMta koThArInAM mArgadarzana ane madada maLyAM che.

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madhyakAlIna gujarAtI jaina sAhityamAM kAvyatattva : saMkSipta digdarzana pravINa zAha bhArati bhagavati mAma dharI, gurupaya nami pavitra, bolizu buddhiAgalauM, sUrisara taNauM kavitta. AjanA parisaMvAdanA sAhityane lagatA mArA viSayanI sAhityika paraMparAmAM tathA Ajano zubha prasaMga - baMnene anurUpa evuM maMgalAcaraNa karI huM mAro nibaMdha zarU karyuM. Aje jyAre gujarAtI sAhityamAM AkRti, ibArata ane abhivyakti paratve navo ja mata sthira thavA lAgyo che, kavitA vadhu ne vadhu vyaktivAdI banatI jAya che, bhAvakathI nirapekSa abhivyaktinI himAyata karI pratyAyananI javAbadArIthI kavi mukta thavA mAge che tyAre, AjathI saikAo pUrve thayelA, tapasaMyamane varelA jaina sAdhusUrioe bhale tatkAlIna sAhityika paraMparAnI maryAdAmAM rahIne paNa je sarjana karyuM che tene rasapUrvaka, dhIrajathI jhINI najare jovA-tapAsavAnuM jarUrI bane. jema AdhunikonI kAvyapravRtti game teTalI saMdigdha hoya. ceSTA game teTalI asaMbaddha ke vAMkI-TeDI hoya, paNa tenI avahelanA karavAnuM pApa koI peDhI karI zake nahIM tema A saikA jUnA sAhityanI dhArmikatA, paraMparAgatatA ke anya kAraNosara avagaNanA karavA jeTalo gaMbhIra, jIvanano to ThIka, sAhityano droha bIjo koI nahIM hoya. kavitA jo AnaMdajanaka pravRtti banI rahetI hoya to emAM zuM jUnuM ke zuM navuM ? nibaMdhanA viSayasaMdarbhamAM meM je kRtio pharIpharI tapAsI upayogamAM lIdhI che temAM mane je gamI gayuM, mArA aMtarane pamarAvI gayuM, buddhine sparza karI gayuM, kAnane zravaNano AnaMda ApI gayuM, AMkhomAM jIvaMta svarUpe ramI rahyuM te dareka tattva mAre mATe to kAvyatattva ja che. pachI bhale te tIvra, utkaTa saMvedanAnI asarakAraka abhivyakti hoya, utsukatA, vyAkuLatA, paravazatA, nirAzA-AzA, roSa sarva bhAvone bhinnabhinna saMdarbho, vibhAvo, pratIko, alaMkAro ane uktilaDhaNothI citramaya ane hRdayasparzI banAvI detI kavikalamanI satejatA hoya, bhAvane vadhu sacoTa banAvatuM prakRtinirUpaNa hoya. pAtronI saMvAdayojanA hoya, maulika ane manohara alaMkAronuM graMthana hoya. kAvyane sugeya banAvatI dhruvapada, pAdapUraka AMtarayamaka ane prAsAnuprAsanI prayukti (device) hoya, vyavahArajIvananAM

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78 ] madhyakAlIna gujarAtI jaina sAhitya subhaga citronuM Alekhana hoya, bhAvocita lAlitya hoya ke samakAlIna jIvananI raMgapUraNI hoya. bepAMca kSaNo mATe paNa niratizaya AnaMdanI samAdhi lAgI jAya, kavinirmita bhAvasRSTimAM ramamANa thaI javAya to basa ! I.sa.nI bAramIthI 19mI sadI sudhInA samayamAM ApaNane kakko, vivAhalau, carcarI, bAramAsA, phAgu, rAsa, prabaMdha, padyavArtA svarUpanI anekAneka jaina kRtio maLe che. emAMthI pragaTa kRtionA dhArmika aMzone hAla pUratuM bAjue rAkhI temAM pragaTa thatuM kAvyatattva jovA-tapAsavAno mArA A nibaMdhano abhigama che. vIgate joIe H RtuvarNananI ApaNI ghaNI jUnI paraMparA che. avicIna bhAratIya AryabhASAonA jUnA sAhityamAM te bAramAsa-varNana rUpe maLe che. emAM viraha ane milananA zRMgArika bhAvone kendravartI banAvavAnuM valaNa vikasyuM che. pariNAme kAvyatattvane mATe vadhu avakAza Ubho thAya che. neminAtha-rAjimatI tathA sthUlibhadra-kozAnI kathA zRMgAra ane upazama baMnenA Alekhanane avakAza ApatI hoI te ghaNI bAramAsIono viSaya banI che. e jotAM viSayanuM nAvInya to nathI, paNa viSanirUpaNa ke racanArItimAM chaMda, alaMkAra, varNana ke rasanirUpaNomAM je te jainasUrinuM kavikarma vimala pratibhAvALA vAcakane acUka AnaMda ApI zake tevuM che. jemake vinayacaMdrakRta 'neminAtha catuSpadikA' (I.sa.1297 AsapAsa)mAM traNatraNa kaDInA pratyeka vibhAgamAM prakRtivarNana sAthe rAjimatInI virahavedanA, piyumilananI jhaMkhanA, sakhIonuM sAMtvana ane rAjimatIno javAba evI saMvAdayojanA, maulika, manohara alaMkAronuM tathA bhAvane upakAraka chaMdanuM evuM saMyojana che ke zuddha kAvyatattvanI dRSTie paNa kRti mUlyavAna siddha thAya che. ekAdabe udAharaNa juo : 'zrAvaNi saravaNi kaDuAM mehu gajjai, virahi 2i jhijjJai dehuM; vijuja jhabakkaI rAsi jeva, naimihi viSNu, sahI ! sahiyai kema ?' sakhI bhaNai, 'sAmiNi ! ma-na jhUri, dujjaNa taNA ma vaMchita pUri, gayau naimi tau viNaThau kAi ? achai anerA varaha sayAi.' bolai rAjala tau ihu vayaNu : "natthI nemi-samaM va2-25Nu; dharai teju gahagaNa siva tAva, gayiNa na urgIi diNayaru jAva.' jayavaMtasUrikRta 'neminAtha-rAmitI bAramAsa'mAM kavie rAjimatInI virahavyathA, utsukatA, paravazatA, vyAkuLatA, nirAzA-AzA e sarva bhAvone temAM bhinnabhinna saMdarbho, vibhAvo, pratIko, alaMkAro prayojI citramaya ane hRdayasparzI banAvyA che H pII tijI tima Asoi ki, pIcha jima moraDai re, jhUrI jhUrI hUI paMjara [[ka] chAnI oraDai re,

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madhyakAlIna gujarAtI jaina sAhityamAM kAvyatattva : saMkSipta digdarzana ] 79 zItala jala bharI cIra ki tani sIcAI sahI re, viraha-aMgIThI-tApa te, khINa sUkaI sahI re. pahilauM prIti-aMkaraDu ho, taI ropyau nayaneNa maI mana-maMDapa moTI kariu ho, havaI tuM chedaI keNi? mANikyavinayakRta benemi-rAjimatI bAramAsA'nAM suMdara bhAvacitro, alaMkAronuM saMyojana ane zabdalAlitya paNa moha pamADe tevAM che : phAguNa nAha nahI dhare, kaNa laDAvi re lADa ? AMsuyaDe jhaDa lAgI re, duHkhanAM UgyAM jhADa, vanavana kesu re phUliyAM phUlaDAM sohi re sAra, mAnuM e virAgni taNAadhabalatA aMgAra. A ane AvAM to aneka udAharaNo kAvyatattvanirUpaNanI je-te jaina kavionI prazasya hathoTInAM dyotaka che. vasaMtavarNana nimitte jemAM zRMgArarasanirUpaNanI badhI ja sAmagrI rajU thAya te phAgu'ne sAMpradAyika rUpa ApatI ghaNI jaina kRtio che. temAM vasaMta ke vasaMtetara Rtu, nArI sauMdarya zRMgAraprasAdhana ane yuvAna haiyAonA milana-virahanA bhAvanirUpaNamAM paNa kAvyatattva mATe avakAza Ubho thAya che. keTalIka kRtiomAM A rasasthAno khUba khIlyAM che, jemake jinapadrasUrikRta "sthUlibhadra phAgu'mAM sthUlibhadranA svAgata mATe soLa zaNagAra sajI UbhelI kozAnA deha ane zRMgAraprasAdhananuM varNana juo : kannajuyala jasu hilIMta, kira mayaNahiMDolA caMcala capala taraMgacaMga, jasu nayaNakacolA, sohaI jAsu kapola pAli, jANa gAlimasUrA, komala vimala sukaMThuM jAsu vAjAM saMkhatUrA. rAjazekharasUrikRta "neminAtha phAgu'mAM vara-kanyAnAM dehasauMdarya. jAnaiyAnA zaNagAra, ane lagnaprasaMgocita utsAhaprada vAtAvaraNa vagerenuM nirUpaNa paNa AphlAdaka che. A baMnemAM nAyaka-nAyikAnA sauMdaryavarNana tathA ekabIjA mATenA utkaTa praNayaAlekhanamAM zRMgAranuM nirUpaNa emanA kavionI UMcI kavitvazaktinI sAkha pUre che. ratnamaMDitagaNikRta "nArI nirAsaphAga' (I.sa. 149 AsapAsa) enAM vastu ane nirUpaNanI dRSTie viziSTa che. enI samagra kAvyadhATI 'vasaMtavilAsanI che chatAM enI zRMgArabhAvanAno nirAsa karavAnA khyAlathI A kAvya racAyuM che. Avo khyAla mAtra ja AkarSaka nathI ? zRMgArabhAvano nirAsa paNa keTalo pratItiyukta che ! vikasita-paMkajapAMkhaDI, AMkhaDI upama TAlI, te viSa lili talAvalI, sA valI pAMpiNI pAli. WWW.jainelibrary.org

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80 D madhyakAlIna gujarAtI jaina sAhitya hAra misiM mukha sAmu ki, vAsuki mUkaI phaMka, tiNi tIrNi karI mahilIMi, gahilII catura acUka. mayaNa-pAradhi kara lAkaDI, sA kaDi laMkihI jhINa, Ima ki kahaI juvatIvasa, jIva save huMI khINa. madhyakALamAM gujarAtane sAruM evuM rAsasAhitya jainone hAthe maLyuM che. rAsa sugeya kAvyaprabaMdha che ane enI prAraMbhanI racanAo TUMkI, UrmikAvya jevI che. bAramAsI, phAgunI jema tema-rAju tathA sthUlibhadra-kozAnuM kathAnaka rAsano paNa viSaya banyuM che. e sivAya bharatezvara-bAhubalinuM yuddha, jaMbusvAmI, yazobhadra, balibhadra jevA dharmapuruSonuM jIvana, giranAra, kachulI, zatruMjaya jevAM tIrthadhAmono mahimA vagere ghaNI rAsakRtiono viSaya banyAM che. emAM zAlibhadrasUrikRta bharatezvara-bAhubali rAsa' kAvyadRSTie uttama kahI zakAya evI kRti che. bharatanI vijayayAtrA, nagaravarNana, dUto vacceno saMvAda, yuddhavarNana ane vIranuM zAntarasamAM upazamana AkarSaka rasasthAno che. te sivAya "gautama rAsa'nAM prakRtinAM, revaMtagiri rAso'nAM giranAra paranAM maMdiro-visAmAnAM, vikramacarita rAsa'nAM ujeNInagarI, rAjadarabAra, maMdiro, bAgabagIcA ane nAyikA lIlAvatInA dehasauMdaryanAM naravAhana ane vikramasena vaccenA yuddhanAM alaMkArasabhara varNano rasapoSaka che. prabaMdhasvarUpanI sa-rasa kRti jayazekharasUrita tribhuvanadIpaka prabaMdha' che. enuM jJAnagarbha rUpaka, vastugUMthaNI, pAtrasaMyojana, kAryavega, baMdhanI saraLatA - sarva kaMI enA kavinI sarjakapratibhAno uttama AviSkAra dAkhave che. uparanA sivAyanI ane anya svarUponI ghaNI kRtionuM kAvyatattva ullekhanIya che.

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AnaMdaghana zovijaya-devacaMdrano tattvavicAra (temanI gujarAtI kRtione AdhAre) nagIna jI. zAha Azare vikramanI sattaramI sadInA pUrvArdhamAM thayelA marmI, jJAnI, nijAnaMdI, saMta zrI AnaMdaghanajI temanAM pado ane stavanothI prasiddha che. hiMdI padone mukAbale gujarAtI pado thoDAM che. paraMtu temanAM badhAM stavano gujarAtImAM racAyelAM che. temanAM stavanono saMgraha "AnaMdaghana covIzI' nAme prasiddha che. A stavanomAM jJAnI, udAra, samanvayapriya sAdhaka kavi tarIkenuM temanuM vyaktitva pragaTe che. prathama stavanamAM AnaMdaghanajI kahe che ke pati pAchaLa satI thavA cAlI nIkaLanAra strI pachInA janmamAM pati sAthe meLApa thaze ema mAnI baLI mare che, paraMtu karma-siddhAMta anusAra e meLApa saMbhavato nathI. kAraNake potapotAnA karma anusAra bhinnabhinna yonimAM jIvane janmavAnuM thAya che. e ja stavanamAM jagata e to IzvaranI lIlA che evA IzvaravAdInA matanI pokaLatA darzAvatAM te jaNAve che ke lIlA, kriIDA, ramata to AnaMdaprApti mATe hoya, je lIlA kare tenAmAM AnaMdanI UNapa hoya, te pUrNAnaMda na hoya ane pariNAme doSavALo hoya. doSarahitane lIlA na ghaTe. - chaThThA stavanamAM jaina kamasiddhAntanI sArabhUta bAbato jaNAvI che. AtmAne thayelA karmabaMdhanA cAra prakAro che - prakRti, sthiti, anubhAga ane pradeza. karmanA mULaguNa ane uttaraguNanA ghaNA prakAra che. temanA vaLI ghAtI-aghAtI evA bheda che. baMdha, udaya, udIraNA, sattA ane kamaviccheda evI karmanI dazAo che. prakRti(= kama) ane puruSano saMbaMdha anAdi che. jyAM sudhI AtmAno karma sAthe saMbaMdha che tyAM sudhI te saMsArI kahevAya che. karmabaMdhanuM kAraNa Asrava che ane muktinuM kAraNa saMvara che. tethI Asrava heya che ane saMvara upAdeya che. A badhuM stavanamAM suMdara rIte vaNI lIdhuM che. bAramA stavanamAM jJAna-darzanano bheda AgamAnusAre kahyo che - nirAkAra ane abhedagrAhI darzana, sAkAra ane bhedagrAhI jJAna. A ja stavanamAM sukhaduHkhane karmanAM phaLa kahyAM che ane AnaMdane AtmAnA nizcayasvabhAvarUpa gaNAvela che. AmAMthI phalita thAya che ke sukha ane AnaMda e benI zreNI taddana bhinna che. sattaramAM stavanamAM mananI durjayatA supere darzAvatAM AnaMdaghanajI kahe che, "meM jAyuM e liMga napuMsaka, sakaLa maradane Thele, bIjI vAta samaratha che nara, ehane koI

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82 ] madhyakAlIna gujarAtI jaina sAhitya na jhele ho. mana sAdhyuM teNe saghaLuM sAdhyuM, eha vAta nahIM khoTI' ityAdi. vIsamA stavanamAM AtmA vizenA bhinnabhinna mato ane temano pratiSedha che. koI AtmAne baddha mAnatA nathI ane chatAM kriyAo kare che. AtmA baddha nathI eTale zuddha che. jo te zuddha che to pachI japa, tapa Adi kriyAo sAdhanA nI zI jarUra ? koI jaDa-cetana, sthAvarajaMgama sarvamAM eka AtmA che ema mAne che. paraMtu jo ema hoya to eka mANasane sukha thatAM badhAMne sukhAnubhava thAya, ekane duHkha thatAM badhAMne duHkhAnubhava thAya, sarvanAM sukhaduHkha seLabheLa thaI jAya. koI AtmAne phUTasthaMnitya (ekAnta aparivartiSNu) mAne che. paraMtu ema mAnatAM baMdhokSa, sukhaduHkhano avasthAbheda nahIM ghaTe. bauddho AtmAne kSaNika mAne che, paraMtu tema mAnatAM kRvinAza ane akRtAgama doSa Ave. jeNe karma karyuM tene phaLa bhogavavAno samaya nathI (kRtivinAza) ane je phaLa bhogave che teNe karma karyuM nathI(akRtAgama). Ama karmasiddhAntano lopa thAya che. kRtivanAza ane akRtAgama e doSo AtmanityatvamAM ghaTAvavA kaThina che. tethI meM cothI ane pAMcamI kaDIonI bIjI paMktino sthAnaphera karyo che. TabAkAra jJAnavimalasUri ane anya vivecakonA dhyAna bahAra A hakIkata rahI gaI che. samIkSAtmaka vAcanA taiyAra karanAre A aMge vicAravuM joIe. cArvAko mAne che ke cAra bhUtothI alaga AtmA nAmanuM svataMtra tattva nathI. AnaMdaghanajI kahe che ke Atmatattva hovA chatAM teo tene na dekhI zake to temAM Atmatattvano zo aparAdha ? zakaTane aMdha na dekhe temAM zakTano doSa nathI, aMdhano doSa che. AtmA vizenA A vividha matomAM aTavAI gayelo bhakta kharekhara AtmA kevo che e jANavA Atura thaI prabhune zaraNe jAya che. jagadguru tene badhA matamatAMtara choDI, rAga-dveSa-mohano tyAga karI. AtmAnuM dhyAna karavA yogasAdhanAno mArga grahavA salAha Ape che ane kahe che ke enAthI ja AtmAno sAkSAtkAra thaze, bIjuM badhuM vAjALa che. ekavIsamA neminAthanA stavanamAM samanvayanI udAratA dRSTigocara thAya che. cha darzanone jinavaranAM aMgo gaNyAM che. sAMkhyayoga be paga che, bauddha ane vedAnta be hAtha che, cAvika kUkha che ane jaina darzana mastaka che. caudamA stavanamAM sAcI samajaNa vinAnA kriyAkAMDa prati aNagamo vyakta karatAM AnaMdaghanajI kahe che, 'zuddha zradghAna viNa sarva kiriyA kare, chAra 52 lIMpaNuM teha jANo.' vItarAgane anusaravAnI pratijJA karanAra jaina sAdhuone vADAo racI aMdaroaMdara jhaghaDatA temaja udara bharavA ane ahaMkAra poSavA aneka kAryo karatA dekhI AnaMdaghanajIno saMta AtmA pukArI UThe che, "gacchanA bheda bahu nayaNa nihalatAM, tattvanI vAta karatAM na lAje; udarabharaNAdi nija kAja karatAM thakAM, moha naDiyA kalikAlarAje.'

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AnaMdaghana-yazovijaya-devacaMdrano tattvavicAra C 83 jaina darzananA jIvavikAsanA siddhAntanA AdhAre AThamuM caMdraprabhunuM stavana racyuM che. sUkSma nigoda, bAdara nigoda, pRthvIkAya, apakAya, tejaskAya, vAyukAya, vanaspatikAya, dvIndriya, trIndriya, caturindriya, asaMzI paMcendriya ane saMjJI paMcendriya sudhI vikAsa sAdhavA chatAM jinadarzana prApta thayuM nahIM eno saMtApa temaja jinadarzana mATeno talasATa stavanamAM kAvyamaya rIte pragaTa karyo che. - have temanA jevA mahAna marmInI kalame ja avatare evA ane bhAratanI prajAe tathA vizeSataH zreyArthIoe hRdaye dharavA jevA eka padano nirdeza karIza. te padano bhAvArtha A pramANe che - hai mADI, mane koIe niSpakSa' na rahevA dIdhI, arthAt pakSApakSI ane sAMpradAyikatAthI para na rahevA dIdhI, niSpakSa rahevA huM ghaNuM jhUjhI, paNa pakSavAdIoe pakaDa DhIlI na karI. jogIe mane jogaNa karI, tie jatiNI karI, bhagate bhagatANI karI. koIe mArI pAse rAmaraTaNa karAvyuM, koIe rahemAnaraTaNa karAvyuM ane koIe arihaMtanA pATha paDhAvyA. judejude ghera te-te gharanA dhaMdhe huM lAgI. AtmAnI sAtheno yoga kyAMya na rahyo. koIe mAruM muMDana karAvyuM, koIe mAro loca karAvyo, koIe mArI jaTA vadhArAvI. paNa bhAvano bhAvuka koI meM na dITho. koIe aMtaranuM darda na maTADyuM. koIe mane besADI, koIe UThADI, koIe calAvI, koIe UbhI rAkhI ane koIe suvADI. paraMtu koIe satanI bhALa na ApI. sabaLa nirbaLane dabAvI rAkhe che, samartha ja samartha sAthe bAtha bhIDI zake. huM to rahI abaLA, baLukA joddhAo sAme huM zuM karI zakuM ? e saue mAruM je-je karyuM ke mArA pAse je-je karAvyuM e badhuM kahetAM huM lAjI maruM chuM. thoDAmAM ghaNuM samajI lejo. have mane samajAyuM ke ghara jevuM bIjuM koI tIratha nathI. mArA para zI-zI vItI e kahevA jAuM to e badhA mArA para roSe bharAya. eTaluM jora mAruM che nahIM. he priyatama, tuM mAro hAtha pakaDe to pachI bIjAonuM kaMI na cAle.' abaLAbhAve lakheluM A pada atyaMta dardabharyuM che. pAkhaMDI saMto, mahAtmAo ziSyane kevI rIte mUMDe che, kharAba dazAmAM mUkI de che tenuM AbehUba varNana AnaMdaghanajIe ahIM karyuM che. kharA sAdhake paMtho ane saMpradAyonI pakaDamAMthI chUTavAnuM atyAvazyaka che. eNe sAMpradAyikatAthI upara UThavuM joIe. binasAMpradAyikatAne varelA rASTra mATe paNa A pada mArgadarzaka che. Azare vi.saM.17mI sadI uttarArdhathI 1743nA samayagALAmAM thayelA upAdhyAya yazovijayajI mahAna dArzanika ane tArkika hatA. vidyAdhAma kAzImAM temaNe vaidika darzano, bauddha darzananI zAkhAo ane chaMda, alaMkAra Adi anya vidyAono abhyAsa karyo. temaNe saMskRtamAM vipula dArzanika sAhitya racyuM che. paraMtu mahattvanI noMdhapAtra hakIkata e che ke temaNe gujarAtI bhASAmAM paNa dArzanika racanAo karI che. dArzanika bhAre vicArone vahana karavA gujarAtI bhASA samartha che

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84 | madhyakAlIna gujarAtI jaina sAhitya e emaNe dArzanika ciMtanapUrNa stavano, sajhAyo ane TabA(vivaraNa)sahita dravyaguNa- paryAyano rAsa" lakhIne puravAra karyuM che. ApaNe sauprathama traNa dArzanika stavanono saMkSepamAM paricaya karIzuM ane pachI bAsahitanA dravyaguNapayayano rAsano kaMIka vistArathI paricaya karIzuM. vi.saM.1732mAM racAyeluM 'zAMtijina stavana bhinnabhinna dezImAM racAyelI cha DhALamAM vibhakta che. A stavanano moTo bhAga nizcayanayavAdI ane vyavahAranayavAdInA saMvAdarUpa che. nayano artha dRSTi (standpoint) che. nizcayanaya eTale paramArthadRSTi (transcendental standpoint) ane vyavahAranaya eTale vyavahAradRSTi (empirical standpoint), yazovijayajI banne nayonuM mahattva samajAvavA temane syAdvAdanA rathanA be ghoDA tarIke nirdeza che. bIjuM eka samanvarasvAmIne vinati' nAmanuM cAra DhALanuM stavana paNa nizcayanaya ane vyavahAranayanuM svarUpa ane mahatva samajAve che. sImanvarasvAmIne vinatirUpa savAso gAthAnuM anya eka stavana dArzanika dRSTie mahattva dharAve che. temAM kugurunuM svarUpa AtmAnI oLakha, Atmatattvano parAmarza paramArtha dRSTie AtmA, vyavahAra dRSTinuM mahattva. mokSamArga ane bhavamArganI samajaNa, dravyastava-bhAvastavano bheda, paramArthadharma ane vyavahAradharma - A viSayo AlekhAyA che. kuguru vize teo lakhe che : arthanI dezanA je dIe, oLave dharmanA graMtha re.. parama padano pragaTa cora te, tehathI kima vahe paMtha re. viSayarasamAM gRhI mAciyA, nAciyA kuguru madapUra re, dhUmadhAme dhamAdhama cAlI, jJAnamAraga rahyo dUra re. have ApaNe TabAsahitanA dravyaguNapayinA rAsano paricaya karIzuM. jaina darzananA ane anya darzanonA prauDha saMskRta graMthonA dohanarUpa A rAsa ane dabo che. temAM gahana tArkikatA, viSayanirUpaNanI vizadatA, nayazailI. vividha darzanonI paribhASAno samucita prayoga ane samanvayanI udAratA dRSTigocara thAya che. keTalIka vAra mULa saMskRta zlokone saraLa gujarAtImAM DhALavAmAM Avela che, to keTalIka vAra saMskRtamAM thayelI dArzanika cacanA sArarUpa gujarAtI gAthAo upalabdha thAya che. TabAmAM gAthAgata vicAranI jhINavaTabharI samajUtI, dAkhalA-dalIlo sAthe prApta thAya che. digaMbarAcArya samantabhadraviracita saMskRta "AtamImAMsA'nA be zloko (3.59-60) temaNe gujarAtImAM DhALyA che. temAMno eka nIce pramANe che : payovrato na dadhyatti na payo'tti dadhivratam / agorasavato nobhe tasmAt tattvaM trayAtmakam //

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AnaMdaghana-yazovijaya-devacaMdrano tattvavicAra ] 85 yazovijayajI tene A rIte gujarAtImAM mUke che - dugdhavata dadhi bhuMjaI nahIM, vi dUdha dadhivrata khAi re. vi doI agoravrata jima+, tiNi tiyalakSaNa jaga thAI re. dravya, guNa ane paryAyanI samasyA mULabhUta dAnika samasyA che. dravya, guNa, paryAyanuM lakSaNa ane temano paraspara saMbaMdha suspaSTapaNe A kRtimAM jaNAvyAM che. je nitya, dhruva, traNe kALe ekarUpa te dravya, jemake suvarNa. dravyamAM je sahabhAvI te guNa, jemake suvarNanI pILAza, tenI viziSTa ghanatA vagere. dravyamAM je kramabhAvI te paryAyo, jemake hAra, baMgaDI, ityAdi. Ama paryAyano artha AkAra, ghATa, vikAro ke pariNAmo samajAya che. guNa ane paryAya banne dravyamAM rahe che. 'guNaparyAyataNuM je bhAjana, ekarUpa trihuM kAli re. teha dravya...dharama kahIjai, guNa sahabhAvI, kramabhAvI paryAyo re.' TabAmAM yazovijayajIe sahabhAvI ane kramabhAvIno artha anukrame yAvadravyabhAvI ane ayAvadravyabhAvI karyo che e noMdhapAtra che. Avo artha karI guNa ane paryAya vaccenA bhedane emaNe vadhu spaSTa karI dIdho che. ahIM upAdhyAyajIne vaizeSikadarzananA guNonA yAvadravyabhAvI ane ayAvadravyabhAvI vibhAganI paribhASA sahAyarUpa thaI che. dravya ane guNa-paryAyano ekAnta bheda ke abheda mAnatAM AvatA doSone vIgatathI samajAvyA che ane bhedAbhedanI sthApanA karI che. lakSaNathI temano bheda che ane pradezathI temano abheda che. A prasaMge avayava-avayavI, kArya-kAraNasaMbaMdha temaja satkAryavAda-asatkAryavAdanI vizada carcA karI chevaTe kahe che ke naiyAyika bheda mAne che, sAMkhya abheda mAne che ane jaina bhedAbheda mAne che. pUrva apara paryAyomAM eka anusUta acala zaktirUpa UrdhvatAsAmAnya e ja dravya che. UrdhvatAsAmAnyanA 52 ane apara bhedone dRSTAnto ApI samajAvyA che. bIjI rIte paDatA UrdhvatAsAmAnyanA be bheda oghazakti ane samucitazaktinuM nirUpaNa paNa karyuM che. para ane apa2 UrdhvatAsAmAnyo vacce kAryakAraNano saMbaMdha che. anantara kAraNamAM samucita zakti ane paraMpara kAraNamAM oghazakti. vyavahAranayathI eka kAryanI be zakti samucitazakti ane oghazakti. vaLI, vyavahAranayathI kArya ane kAraNano bheda che. ghaTanuM kAraNa mRDi che ane mRNiDanuM kAraNa mRt che, ane temano bheda che. nizcayanayathI kAraNa eka ja che ane kAryo aneka che. eka mATI ja piMDa, ghaTa AdirUpa aneka kAryonuM kAraNa che ane tethI piMDa, ghaTa, vagere mRtsvabhAva che. ahIM kArya-kAraNano abheda che. zuddha nizcayanayathI eka kAraNa ja sat che, kAryo badhAM mithyA che. A che upAdhyAyajInI viziSTa nayazailI. upAdhyAyajI eka mahattvanuM vidhAna kare che ke, "ima zaktirUpaI dravya vakhANiuM, havai vyaktirUpa guNa-paryAya.' arthAt kAraNa to dravya ja hoya, guNaparyAya kI kAraNa na hoya, teo to kArya ja hoya. ahIM kAraNathI upAdAnakAraNa abhipreta che, /

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8s D madhyakAlIna gujarAtI jaina sAhitya ahIM ApaNane vaizeSikonA e siddhAntanuM smaraNa thAya che ke samavAdhikAraNa to dravya ja hoya. to pachI "ThAraVITUT:chAryaTMnu bAramatte' e vaizeSika siddhAntanuM zuM? kAryaguNonuM kAraNa kAraNaguNo che e vAta sAcI paNa te kAraNa samavAyikAraNa nahIM paraMtu asamavAyikaraNa. bIjI noMdhapAtra vastu e che ke "zakti-vyaktinI paribhASA saMkhyadarzananI che. upAdhyAyajI prastuta vidhAna karI guNane zakti mAnanAra digaMbara ciMtakono pratiSedha kare che. pratyeka vastu dravya-payayAtmaka che. dravya vinA paryAya nathI ane paryAya vinA dravya nathI. tethI dareka vastu utpAda-vyaya-dhrauvyAtmaka che. dravya dhruva che. utpAda-vyaya paryAyanA thAya che. pUrva paryAyano nAza je kSaNe thAya che te ja kSaNe uttara paryAyanI utpatti thAya che, ane paryAyiomAM dravya eka anuyUta rahe che. ahIM A saMdarbhamAM TabAnI eka mahattvanI kaMDikA uddhata karavI rasaprada thaI paDaze. te A pramANe che - "hemaghaTavyaya teha ja hemamukuTanI utpatti. ekakAraNajanya chai. te mArTi visabhAgapayotpattisaMtAna chai, tehathI ja ghaTanAzavyavahAra saMbhavaI chaI. te mArTi paNi uttarapayotpatti te pUrvaparyAyano nAza jANavo. kaMcananI dhruvatA paNi teha ja chaI, je mArTi pratIya paryAyotpAdaI ekasaMtAnapaNuM, teha ja dravyalakSaNa dhrauvyA chai.' ahIM ' vibhAga" "saMtAna' ane 'pratItya' zabdono prayoga dhyAna kheMce che. A badhA bauddha pAribhASika zabdo che. A bauddha pAribhASika zabdono prayoga karI vastunI utpAda-vyaya-dhrauvyAtmakatAnI spaSTatA karavAno prayatna bIjA koI jaina dArzanika graMthamAM nahIM maLe. vaLI, yazovijayajIe jaina dravya ane bauddha saMtAnanuM ekatva sUcavyuM che, te mATe to temanI samanvayadRSTinI ane sUkSmakSikAnI jeTalI prazaMsA karIe teTalI ochI che. yazovijayajI jaNAve che ke badhAM laukika vAkyo nayavAkyo che ane tethI badhAM laukika vAkyomAM paNa "svAtuM' (arthAt "amuka dRSTie') zabdano anupraveza hoya che ja. dA.ta., "kALo nAga che' A laukika vAkyamAM paNa 'syA' zabdano anupraveza ApaNane abhipreta che ja. A vAkyathI ApaNe kahevA mAMgIe chIe ke nAganI zyAmatA pRSThAvacchinna che, udarAvacchinna nathI. tathA sarpamAtramAM kRSNatA nathI zeSanAga zukla kahevAya che. Ama vizeSaNa-vizeSyaniyamArtha "cAtu' zabdano prayoga che. ahIM navyarnayAyikanI paribhASA ane rItino prayoga karI "smAtunI sArthakatA kuzaLa rIte darzAvI che. yazovijayajInI vidvattA ane vizeSatA darzAvavA atyAre to ATaluM pUratuM vikramanI aDhAramI sadImAM thayelA zrImad devacaMdra paNa gujarAtI bhASAmAM racanAo karI che. temAM AgamasAra, dhyAnadIpikAcatuSpadI, nayacakrano

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AnaMdaghana-yazovijaya-devacaMdrano tattvavicAra D 87 bAlAvabodha, pAMca karmagraMtho parano Tabo, vicAraratnasAra, chUTaka praznottaro, adhyAtmagItA, stavano ane traNa patrono samAveza thAya che. AgamasAra' gadyakRti che. te sakaLa jaina siddhAntonA dohanarUpa che. jIvanuM mithyAtvImAMthI samyakatvImAM parivartana kevI rIte thAya che te darzAvatAM yathApravRttikaraNa, apUrvakaraNa ane anivRttikaraNanI prakriyA samajAve che. pachI vyavahArasamyakatva-nizcayasamyakatva. vyavahArajJAna-nizcayajJAna ane cha dravyonuM nirUpaNa kare che. pratyeka dravyamAM nitya, anitya, eka, aneka, satu, asatu, vaktavya ane avaktavya e ATha pakSo kevI rIte ghaTe che tenuM buddhigamya vivaraNa kare che. tyAra bAda naya, pramANa ane saptabhaMgIne vistArathI samajAve che. pachI cha dravyonA che sAmAnya guNo astitva. vastutva, dravyatva, prameyatva, sattvapaNuM ane agurulaghupaNuMne varNave che. prameyatva guNanA nirUpaNaprasaMge jainonI nigodanI kalpanAne samajAve che. tyAra pachI nizcayacAritra ane vyavahAracAritranA nirUpaNamAM gRhasthanAM bAra vratonuM nizcaya ane vyavahAradRSTie vivaraNa kare che. chevaTe dhamadi cAra dhyAno, padastha Adi cAra dhyAno, bAra bhAvanA ane cauda guNasthAnonuM Alekhana kare che. badhA siddhAntaviSayaka vicArono saMgraha karI saraLa bhASAmAM temane mUkI ApavAno devacaMdrajIno ahIM prayatna che. dhyAnadIpikA' e padyakRti che. zubhacaMdrAcAryanA saMskRta 'jJAnArNava'nA AdhAre tenI racanA thaI che. copAIo, vividha rAgovALI 58 DhALo ane dohAomAM e vibhakta che. temAM dvAdaza bhAvanA, ratnatraya. pAMca mahAvrata, pAMca samiti. traNa gupti, mohajaya, Asana, prANAyAma, nADIzuddhi, pratyAhAra, mannasAmarthya. bahirAtmA-aMtarAtmA-zuddhAtmA, dhyAnonA bhedo, syAdvAda Adi viSayonuM rocaka nirUpaNa che. prANAyAmanuM sAmarthya jaNAvI chevaTe teo jaNAve che ke prANAyAmanI sAdhanA. nizcayathI heya; devacaMdra jinadharmameM e nAvi Adeya." Asana vize teo kahe che ke jina Asana mana thira rahe tehI ja Asana sAra; kAusaga paryaka doAsana paMcama Ara.' pote saMskRtamAM "nayacakra' lakhI tenA upara temaNe bAlAvabodha lakhela che. temAM aneka dRSTibiMduonuM vizleSaNa karI temane tattvavicAraNAmAM yogya sthAna ApyuM che. temaNe vastumAM utpAda-vyaya-dhrauvya sAta rIte samajAvyA che, paryAyanA cha kAronuM nirUpaNa vizada rIte karyuM che ane naigama Adi nayonuM nirUpaNa vistArathI karyuM che. - devendrasUrie prAkRtamAM racelA pAMca karmagrantho upara temaNe lakhelo Tabo. tyeka prAkRta gAthAne samajAve che. gAthAgata vicArathI kaMI vadhu TabAmAM maLatuM vicAraratnasAra' e jaina saiddhAMtika vicArono praznottara rUpe saMgraha che. jene

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88 D madhyakAlIna gujarAtI jaina sAhitya tattvajJAna ane adhyAtmane lagatA 322 praznottaro che. temaNe racelAM stavano dArzanika vicArothI bharapUra che. stavanomAM jaina tattvajJAna ane khAsa to AtmAnuM aneka nayothI svarUpavarNana moTo bhAga roke che. ahiMsAnI tAttvika carcA karatuM "bAhu jina stavana' khAsa dhyAna kheMce che. temanAM stavano tattvajJAna ane narahasyathI pUrNa hovAthI samajavAM ati agharAM che. paraMtu temaNe pote racela "covIzI' upara bAlAvabodha lakhI vAcakonI A muzkelI dUra karI che. A bAlAvabodha atyaMta mahattvano che. tenI vicArasamRddhi ane samajAvavAnI saraLa zailInI dRSTie te ApaNuM dhyAna kheMce che. "adhyAtmagItA' 49 gAthAnI nAnI paNa sarasa kRti che.

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hIrANaMdasUri : jIvanakavananuM Akalana baLavaMta jAnI hirANaMdasUri pIpalagacchanA jaina sAdhu hatA ane vIraprabhasUrinA ziSya hatA. racanAsamaya dharAvatI emanI kRtio A pramANe che : 1. vastupAla tejapAla rAprabaMdha (ra.I.1428), 2. vidyAvilAsa carita/pavADo/rAsa (ra.I.1429), 3. kalikAla rAsa (2.I.1430), 4. samyaktvamUla bAra vrata rAsa (2.I. 1438), 5. jebUsvAmIno vivAhalo (2.I. 1439). A kRtionA racanAsamayane AdhAre hIrANaMdasUrino samaya paMdaramA zatakano pUrvArdha vicArI zakAya. uparanI pAMcamAMthI AraMbhanI cAra kRtio mudrita thayelI che ane chellI eka amudrita che. e uparAMta A kavinI cAra mudrita ane cha amudrita kRtio che. AmAM samayanirdeza nathI. e kRtio A pramANe che : mudrita kRtioH 1. sthUlibhadra bAramAsA. 2. kaliyuga batrIzI, 3. divALI gIta, 4. sarasvatI lakSmI vivAda gIta. amudrita kRtio H 1. aDhAra nAtarAMnI sajhAya, 2. kamavicAra gIta, 3. dazArNabhadra gIta/dazArNabhadra vivAhalo, 4. nalarAja gIta. 5. prAstAvika kavita, 6. zatruMjaya bhAsa... katanI mudrita kRtione AdhAre emanI sarjaka pratibhAnA aMzone cIMdhI batAvavAno upakrama A nibaMdhamAM yojyo che. prAraMbhamAM hIrANaMdasUrinI mudrita kRtio viSayAmagrInI abhivyaktinI bAbatamAM paraMparAnA saMdarbhamAM kayAM kayAM navo vaLAMka sthApanArI che e tapAsavAno upakrama che. emAMthI hIrANaMdanA sarjanAtmaka dRSTibiMduno paricaya paNa maLI raheze. A mATe hIrANaMda pUrve eTaleke, paMdaramA zataka sudhInI tamAma racanAone sAmagrIrUpe svIkArI che. avanavI viSayasAmagrIno viniyoga IsavIsananA teramA zatakamAM thaI gayelA gujarAtanA suprasiddha maMtrIbaMdhuo vastupAla ane tejapAlanAM jIvana ane kAryo vize saMskRta, apabhraMzamAM vipula sAhitya lakhAyeluM che. AvI aitihAsika vyaktio vize jUnI gujarAtImAM sauprathama racanA karanArA sarjaka hIrANaMdasUri che. hIrANaMdanI racanA bAda bIjA cha

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0 | madhyakAlIna gujarAtI jaina sAhitya sarjakoe A viSaye racanAo karelI che. paNa A prakAranI viSayasAmagrI upara sarjanano AraMbha hIrANaMdasUrithI thayo che. sthUlibhadra-kozAnA kathAnakane bAramAsA svarUpamAM sau prathama prayojanAra paNa hIrANaMdasUri che. hIrANaMdasUri pUrve dharmasUrikRta "sthUlibhadra rAsa, jinapasUrikRta sthUlibhadra phAgu', haMsarAjakRta yUlibhadra phAga', merunaMdAvRta 'sthUlibhadramuni chaMdAsi', depAlakRta "sthUlibhadra chAhalI' nAmanI kRtio maLe che. paraMtu bAramAsAnuM svarUpa ke jemAM moTe bhAge viraha-viyogabhAvane AlekhavAno hoya che e bhAvane AlekhavA nemi-rAjulanA pracalita kathAnaka tarapha na vaLatAM hIrANaMdasUrie sthUlibhadra-kozAnuM kathAnaka pasaMda karyuM ane eka paraMparA teoe UbhI karI. vidyAvilAsanA pracalita lokakathAnakane pavADAnA svarUpamAM sauprathama DhALanAra paNa hIrANaMdasUri che. AjJAsuMdaranI vidyAvilAsa copAI Asamaya daramyAna racAyelI che. paraMtu hIrANaMdasUri ahIM paraMparAmAMthI potAnI maulika dRSTithI A svarUpa-sarjana mATe navI viSayasAmagrI pasaMda karatA jaNAya che. kalikAla rAsa' ane 'kaLiyuga batrIzI'nI viSayanirUpaNaparaMparA paNa hIrANaMdasUrithI ja AraMbhAya che. divALI gIta" ane "sarasvatI-lakSmI-vivAda gIta" paNa emanI maulika dRSTinAM udAharaNa che. prAcIna paraMparAne gujarAtI paraMparAmAM DhALanArA sarjaka tarIke paNa hIrANaMdasUri ullekhanIya gaNAya. Ama pracalita svarUpamAM navI-judI viSayasAmagrI prayojIne viSayanirUpaNanI eka paraMparA UbhI karIne, navo vaLAMka sthApanArA hIrANaMdasUri mahattvanA sarjaka che. teoe kathAmUlaka kRtio mATe je avanavI viSayasAmagrI pasaMda karI che e temanI UMDI sUjhanA udAharaNarUpa che. 3 have, hIrANaMdasUrinI mudrita kRtionAM viSayasAmagrI ane abhivyaktinA svarUpano vIgate paricaya meLavIe. (1) vastupAla rAsa (ra.I.1428) : prakAzita svAdhyAya, oNkTo. 1963 saMpA. bhogIlAla sAMDesarA, rAjasthAna purAtana graMthamAlA, graMthAMka 97, I.sa.1968, saMpA. DaoN. AtmArAma jAjodiyA. cha adhikAramAM vaheMcAyelI 98 kaDInI A racanA bhASA temaja itihAsanI dRSTie mahattvanI che. duhA, SaTrapada, kamalaka, caMdrAnana, bhujaMgaprayAta, troTaka, aDayala, nArAza ane motIdAma jevA chaMdomAM kathA kahevAI che. vaccevacce cAraNI vacanikA svarUpanuM saprAsa gadya paNa prayojAyeluM che. prathama adhikAramAM prAraMbhe ekathI sAta kaDImAM bAvIsamA tIrthaMkara bhagavAna neminAthanuM aneka upamAo ne birudothI bharyuMbharyuM stavana che. pachI AThathI cauda

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hirANaMdasUri : jIvanakavananuM Akalana I 91 kaDImAM prAraMbhe sarasvatI smaraNa bAda "vastupAla prabaMdha' racavAnI manISA pragaTa karIne kavijananI mahattA pragaTAvatAM keTalAMka sarasa dRSTAMto prastuta karyA che. emAMnuM eka joIe ? mahuyara dudara kamalavaNa saravara mAMhi vasaMti. mahuyara mANaI kamalarasa, dudara kadama khaMti. 10 (bhramara kamalavanamAM ane dAdura daDako) sarovaramAM vase che. paraMtu bhramara kamalarasa mANe che, jyAre dAdura kAdavanuM bhakSaNa kare che.). paMdarathI paccIzamI kaDI sudhImAM vastupAlano janmaprasaMga AlekhI enAM kuLa, janmabhUmi. mAtApitA, patnI, putrAdinA ullekha sAthe anubaMdhu tejapAlano paricaya paNa prastuta karela che. chavIsathI chatrIsa kaDImAM bIjA adhikAranI kathA che. ahIM vastupAle karelAM puNyakAryo AlekhyAM che. eNe paOO0 jaina vihAro, 900 pauSadhazALA, 700 lekhazALA. savA lAkha jinabiMbo, 200 moTAM taLAvo baMdhAvelAM, 500 vedapAThI brAhmaNo sahita. 1000 kavione vaSasana bAMdhI ApeluM ane musalamAnone 64 masjido baMdhAvI ApelI. AvuM sarvadharma pratye samabhAva ane vyApakarUpanI mAnavatAvAdI dRSTibiMduvALuM vastupALanuM vyaktitva ahIMthI pragaTe che. trIjA adhikAramAM saDatrIzamI kaDI pachI cAraNI sAhityamAM jene vacanikA tarIke oLakhAvavAmAM Ave che evuM bolI chAMTavALuM prAsa gadya che. emAM vastupALane maLelAM batrIza birado rajU karyo che ema ullekha che. paraMtu birudonI saMkhyA ekatrIza maLe che. ekAda biruda lahiyAthI lakhavAnuM cUkI javAyuM haze. cothA adhikAramAM ADatrIzathI ekatAlIza kramanI kaDImAM zatruMjaya parvatanuM mAhAlya AlekhyuM che, pachI vacanikAmAM te kALe pracalita haze evA bhAratanA ane videzonA bhinna-bhinna prAMtanI yAdI ApIne te-te pradezanA zrAvakono saMgha laIne vastupALa zatruMjaya yAtrAe nIkaLyA eTalI hakIkata nirUpAI che. beMtALIsathI toMtera kramanI kaDIo sudhI pAMcamA adhikAranuM kathAnaka che. A bhAgamAM judA judA pradezanI nArIonA mukhe maMtrIzvara vastupALanI yazagAthA varNavI che. gujarAta, marudharA, mAlava tathA siMdhanI ane muslima yuvatIonI laMgoktithI vastupALanuM guNavAna vyaktitva AlekhAyela che. pradezabhede. bolIbhede pAtrabheda jaNAI Ave evI samucita yojanAthI AlekhAyelo A bhAga hIrANaMdanI sarjaka pratibhAno paricaya karAve che ane savizeSa AsvAdya bane che. cumoterathI aThANu kramanI kaDInA chaThA aMtima adhikAramAM zatruMjaya yAtrAsaMghanuM varNana che. saMghanI zobhA, saMghamAM manoraMjana ane zikSaNa mATe joDAyelA kavijano, guNIjano ane kalAkAronuM vivaraNa A adhikAramAM che. aMte kavie potAnI guruparaMparA ane kRti rasamaya nirdezela che.

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92 | madhyakAlIna gujarAtI jaina sAhitya Ama vastupALanA jIvananAM keTalAMka pAsAMone rasaprada rIte nirUpatI ane vastupAlanI zatruMjaya saMghayAtrAnI vIgatone AlekhatI A eka mahattvanI kRti che. (2) "vidyA-vilAsa pavADu" (2.I.1429) : prakAzita - gUrjara rAsAvali, 1956, saMpA. sI. DI. dalAla, ba.ka. ThAkora, mo.da. dezAI. vidyAvilAsanI pracalita lokakathA, padyavAta rUpe 189 kaDImAM ahIM prastuta thaI che. duhA, vastu ane pavADI chaMda prayojAyela che. uparAMta copAI DhALanA dhrupada drupada) tathA dezI rAganA DhALano viniyoga paNa thayelo che. pavADAnA svarUpamAM bahudhA vIraprazasti ke yuddhakathA AlekhAtI hoya che. ahIM vIraprazasti ane yuddhakathA che. paNa e judI rIte nirUpAI che. koI paurANika, aitihAsika vIranAyaka ane tenI prazasti nahIM, paraMtu ahIM sAmAnya zreSThIputramAMthI rAjavIpadane prApta karanAra kAlpanika pAtranI prazasti che. tathA je yuddha ke saMgharSa che e jIvana sAmeno che. e rIte jIvanasaMgrAmamAM jhUjhatA ane emAM saphaLa thayelA lokanAyakanI A kathA che. ujjayinI nagarIno dhanAvaha nAmano zreSThI enA cAra putrone gharano bhAra kema vahana karazo, kaI rIte kamAzo, e matalabano prazna kare che, tyAre sauthI nAno putra dhanasAgara pratyuttara rUpe kahe che ke, ujjayinI nagarInA jaganika rAjAne jItIne saghaLuM rAjya laI laIza. pitA nAnA putranA A prakAranA pratyuttarathI khUba ja nArAja thaIne gusse thaIne tene gharamAMthI kADhI mUke che. gRhanikAla thayelo dhanasAgara eka jayasAgara nAmanA sArthavAha - vaNajArAnI madadathI zrIpura nAmanA nagara sudhI pahoMce che. ahIM eka nizALamAM abhyAsa mATe rahe che. niSThAvAna ane namra hovA chatAM paNa te vidyAvAna banato nathI. eTale badhA dhanasAgarane mUkhacaTTa kahetA hoya che. paraMtu pachIthI tenI namratAne ane niSThAne kAraNe, mUkhaTTa vinayacaTTa tarIke oLakhAvA lAge che. A nizALamAM zrIpuranA rAjAnI kuMvarI saubhAgyasuMdarI ane rAjAnA pradhAnano putra lakSmInivAsa paNa abhyAsa karatAM hoya che. rAjakuMvarI saubhAgyasuMdarIne pradhAnaputra lakSmInivAsanuM AkarSaNa che, eTale pradhAnaputrane banne lagna karI A sthaLethI kyAMka nAsI jaIe ema kahe che. AvuM karatAM pradhAnaputra lakSmInivAsa Dare che ane te mUrkhacaTTa arthAt vinayacaTTane saMketasthaLe jaIne rAjakuMvarI sAthe lagna karIne nAsI javA kahe che. vinayacaTTa saMmati Ape che. paNa pachI avaDhavamAM paDIne sarasvatInA maMdiramAM jaIne udvigna avasthAmAM potAnA ziraccheda mATe taiyAra thAya che, tyAre mAtAjI tenI upara prasanna thAya che ane vidyAmaMtra Ape che. A vidyAmaMtra meLavIne vinayacaTTa rAtre saMketasthaLe pahoMce che. tyAM rAjakumArI enI sakhI sAthe rAha ja jotI hoya che. sakhInI upasthitimAM maMdiramAM lagna thAya che ane pachI sakhIne paNa sAthe laIne rAjakumArI ane vinayacaTTa rAtre ja ghoDA upara bhAgI nIkaLe che. rastAmAM rAjakumArI vinayacaTTane

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hIrANaMdasUri : jIvanakavananuM Akalana I 93 samasyAo pUche che. savAra paDatAM pradhAnaputrane badale vinayacaTTane joIne rAjakumArI vilApa karavA lAgI paNa pachI sakhInA AzvAsanathI devagati nyArI che ema mAnIne AhaDa nagaramAM pahoMcIne tyAM eka AvAsa laIne rahe che. ahIM vinayacaTTa potAne prApta vidyAmaMtrane baLe lokonuM raMjana karato eTale loko ene vidyAvilAsa nAme oLakhavA lAgyA. ahaDa nagaranA rAjA taLAva khodAvatA hoya che, tyAre emAMthI prAcIna lipimAM lakhAyelo eka zilAlekha nIkaLe che, koI e ukelI ApatuM nathI, eTale rAjA paDo pherave che ke, mAre aneka pradhAno che, tenA uparI tarIke, huM A lipi ukelanArane sthApIza. vidyAvilAsa lipi ukelavA taiyAra thAya che. ane lipimAM lakhAyelI vIgato rAjAne vAMcI saMbhaLAve che ke ahIMthI pUrva tarapha soLa karoDa sonAmahora nIkaLaze. vidyAvilAse ukelelA lipinA lakhANa mujaba khodakAma karAya che ane soLa karoDa sonAmahora nIkaLatAM rAjA khuza thAya che ane vidyAvilAsane UMcI pradhAnapadavI Ape che. badhA ja vidyAvilAsane Adara Ape che. paNa rAjakuMvarIne haju vidyAvilAsa para vizvAsa besato nathI. rAjAe yojelA eka utsavamAM rAjakuMvarI saubhAgyasuMdarI nRtya kare che ane vidyAvilAsa mRdaMga bajAve che. mRdaMga paranI vidyAvilAsanI kuzaLatA joIne kuMvarI saubhAgyasuMdarIne have vizvAsa bese che ke A paNa kalAkAra che. AvI prasanna madhura kSaNa pragaTe che, tyAM to eka bIjI ghaTanA bane che. nRtyanA kAryakramamAMthI pAchA pharatI veLAe saubhAgyasuMdaranI khovAyelI mudrikA zodhavA nIkaLelA vidyAvilAsane sarpadaMza thatAM te eka surasenA nAmanI gaNikAnA gRhe phasaDAI paDe che. gaNikA maNijala pAIne vidyAvilAsane sAjo kare che, paNa pachI maMtrelo doro page bAMdhe che, eTale vidyAvilAsa popaTa banI jAya che. jyAre dorI choDe tyAre popaTamAMthI vidyAvilAsa thaI jAya. A bAju saubhAgyasuMdarIne have viyoga satAvavA lAgyo ane rAjA paNa udvigna thaI gayo eTale eNe paDo pheravyo ke je koI vidyAvilAsane zodhI kADhaze ene huM mArI kuMvarI paraNAvIne aDadhuM rAja ApIza. A bAju eka divasa pAMjarAnuM bAraNuM khulluM rahI jatAM popaTa bahAra nIkaLI paDe che ane rAjAne mahele Ave che. tyAM rAjAnI kuMvarI A popaTane page bAMdhelo dorI choDe che to turta ja vidyAvilAsa enuM mULa rUpa dhAraNa kare che ane doro bAMdhe che to punaH popaTa banI jAya che. rAjAnI kuMvarI A samAcAra saubhAgyasuMdarIne pahoMcADe che. saubhAgyasuMdarI AvI pahoMce che. rAjAne A vAtanI khabara paDatAM te paNa AvI pahoMce che. potAnI zarata mujaba kuMvarInAM lagna vidyAvilAsa sAthe yoje che ane ene adhuM rAja Ape che. have adha rAjyanA rAjA banelA vidyAvilAsane potAnA pitAne kaheluM vacana yAda Ave che eTale e ujjayinI upara AkramaNa karavA nIkaLI paDe che. A AkramaNamAM vijaya meLavIne vidyAvilAsa ujjayinIno rAjA bane che. pachI

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94 D madhyakAlIna gujarAtI jaina sAhitya potAnA pitA dhanavAha zreSThIne maLavA jAya che ane potAnI dhanasAgara nAmanA cothA putra tarIkenI oLakha ApIne pote kaheluM vacana Aje satya karyuM che ema kahe che. badhAM khUba ja harSa pAme che. pachI eka vAra jJAnatilakasUri ujjayinImAM Ave che ane temanA upadezathI rAjA vidyAvilAsa potAnA putrane rAjya soMpI dIkSA aMgIkAra kare che. pracalita lokakathAnakane pavADAnA svarUpamAM prayojIne sarjAyelI hIrANaMdasUrinI A kRti A viSayanI prathama gujarAtI kRti tarIke noMdhapAtra che. (3) "kalikAla rAsa' (ra.I. 1430) : prakAzita - rAjasthAna purAtana graMthamAlA. graMthAMka 97, I.1968, saMpA. DaoN. AtmArAma jAjodiyA; hindI anuzIlana, varSa 10, aMka 1, saMpA. agaracaMda nAhaTA; svAdhyAya, oNkTobara 1973, saMpA. bhogIlAla sAMDesarA. pravartamAna viSama samayane nirUpatI 64 kaDInI A rAsakRti bhAsa, vastu ane phAga jevA baMdhamAM abhivyakti pAmI che. khAsa karIne kaLiyuganAM lakSaNo ahIM vaNya viSaya banyAM che. sarjake joyelI tatkAlIna sthitinuM ahIM nidarzana karyuM jaNAya (4) "zUlibhadra bAramAsA" : prakAzita - prAcIna madhyakAlIna bAramAsA saMgraha, I. 1974, saMpA. zivalAla jesalapurA. sthUlibhadra-kozAnA prasiddha kathAnakane ahIM hIrANaMdasUrie bAramAsAnA svarUpane mATe pasaMda karela che. madhyakAlIna bAramAsA svarUpamAM pahelI vakhata A kathAnaka prayojanAra sarjakanuM mAna hIrANaMdasUri meLave che. mAgazara mahinAthI te kArataka sudhInA bAramAsa ahIM doharA, harigIta. Adi padyabaMdhomAM 15 kaDImAM AlekhAyela che. kRtinI bhASA apabhraMzapradhAna jaNAya che. te dRSTie tathA viSayanirUpaNanI dRSTie A kRti hIrANaMdasUrinI mahattvanI kRti che. dIkSA aMgIkAra karyA bAda sthUlibhadra pUrvAzramanI premikA kozAnA gRhe prathama cAtumasa gALavA rahyA tyAre kozAnA cittamAM UThatA sthUlibhadra pratyenA manobhAvo A kAvyanI viSayasAmagrI che. sthUlibhadra mAgazaramAM dIkSA aMgIkAra karelI tethI bAramAsA-racanAno AraMbha mAgazara mAsathI thayo che. pratyeka mAsanI prakRtigata lAkSaNikatA ane enI mAnavamana para paDatI asara kavi kozAnA uddagAra rUpe prakaTa kare che. je-te mAsane anukULa zAstrIya rAgano ullekha paNa kare che. khAsa to sthUlibhadrane calita karavA mATenA prayAso ane emAM niSphala rahetI kozanI viyoga-viraha-avasthA hIrANaMdasUri ahIM nirUpe che. prAsAnuprAsa ane AMtarayamakanA viniyogathI kAvya sugeya banyuM che.

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hirANaMdasUri : jIvanakavananuM Akalana I 95 (5) "kaliyuga batrIzI' : prakAzita - svAdhyAya, oNkTobara 1973, saMpA. bhogIlAla sAMDesarA. kaliyuganAM lakSaNone viSaya tarIke pasaMda karIne racAyelA kalikAla rAsa' karatAM A "kaLiyuga batrIzI' racanA ucca koTinI che. potAnA ziSyane kaLiyuganA tatkAlIna anubhavo saMbhaLAvI rahelA gurunI vANI rUpe ahIM 32 kaDImAM hIrANaMdasUrie racanAne abhivyakti arpe che e enI noMdhapAtra vizeSatA che. kaLiyugamAM AhAra vahoravA mATe jatAM je kaMI viSama anubhavo thayA che e svAnubhava ahIM savanubhava banI rahe e rIte varNavAyela che. kaDI kramAMka 1thI 6 sudhImAM kavi bhUtakALanA dAnavIronI udAtta bhAvanAnI vigato kahe che, pachI vartamAnakALe zrAvaka-zrAvikAo kevAM bhAvahIna banyAM che enI vIgato sAtathI trIsa sudhInI kaDIomAM prastuta kare che. paraMtu kavi zraddhAvAna che, pariNAme guramukhe vividha pradezomAMthI thayelA kaDavA anubhavo bhale vyakta thayA hoya paNa jyAM giranAra ane zatruMjayanAM tIrthasthAno AvelAM che e saurASTra pradezanAM zrAvaka-zrAvikAo khUba bhAvavALAM che ane AvAM zrAvaka-zrAvikAo haju che tyAM sudhI kaLiyuganuM kazuM nahIM cAle evI zraddhA kAvyAnta vyakta karAI che. Ama hIrANaMdasUrie guru pAtramukhe rajU karelI A kRti enI abhivyaktinI tarAha ane tatkAlIna janasvabhAvanuM nidarzana karAvatI hoI mahattvanI banI rahe che. () "divALI gIta' : prakAzita - svAdhyAya. navembara 1974. saMpA. bhogIlAla sAMDesarA. nava kaDInA duhAbaMdhamAM racAyeluM "divALI gIta' e eka rUpakagraMthi kAvya che. gautama gaNadhara svAmIne kevaLajJAna divALInA divasomAM prApta thayuM hoI kavi A parvane viziSTa koTinuM parva gaNAve che. A parve tArUpI dIpaka pragaTAvavAnuM, zIlarUpI cUnAthI kAyAne zveta banAvavAnuM, bhAvanA-jaLa vaDe snAna karIne pavitra thavAnuM, vinayavivekanAM navAM vastro paheravAnuM ane jinapUjAnI mudrikA, navakArarUpI hAra jevAM AbhUSaNo dhAraNa karavAnuM kavi ahIM Ama rUpakAtmaka rIte kahe che. uparAMta samyakatvarUpa bhAta, upazamarUpa dALa, sumatirUpa pAMca pakavAna, AdarabhAvarUpa ghI jevA ullekho paNa A racanAne rUpakAtmaka kakSAe pahoMcADe che. Ama, divALInA utsavanuM adhyAtmadraSTie mahattva AMkIne A pramANe divALInuM parva ujavAya e ja sAcuM, bAkInuM kRtrima che evuM sarjaka sUcavI jAya che. (7) samyakatvamUla bAravratarAsa" (2.I.1438) : prakAzita - bhASAvimarza, oNkTobara 1987. saMpA. bhogIlAla sAMDesara.

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9da D madhyakAlIna gujarAtI jaina sAhitya tetAlIsa kaDInI A kRti truTaka rUpe maLe che. AraMbhanI soLa kaDIo ane sattaramI kaDInuM prathama caraNa prApta thayela nathI. vastu-ThavaNInA padyabaMdhamAM vibhAjita A kRtimAM geya gIto paNa che. (8) "sarasvatI-lakSmIvivAda gIta': prakAzita - bhASAvimarza, oNkTobara 1987, saMpA. bhogIlAla sAMDesarA. lakSmI ane sarasvatInA vivAdanI vIgatone gItamAM DhALela che. hIrANaMdanI kavipratibhAno paricaya A kRtimAMnAM kalpanA, prAsa-anuprAsa ane layamAMthI maLI rahe che. mudrita rUpe prApta thatI A ATha kRtiono viSayasAmagrI ane abhivyaktinA svarUpanI dRSTie paricaya meLavyo. have A kRtionA AdhAre hIrANaMdasUrinI sarjakapratibhAnA aMzono paricaya meLavIe. (1) hIrANaMdasUrinI alaMkAranirUpaNakaLA ullekhanIya che. 'vastupAla rAsa'mAM varatupAlano paricaya ApatI vakhate - sAyaruM sAruM samavaDi hiM gayaNa gayaNa sama hoi; vastuhaMtari vastiga samau vastigu avara na hoI. 16 (sAgara sAgara samAna ja hoya che, gagana gagana samAna hoya che ema vastuomAM vastupAla samAna bIjo vastupAla nathI.) ahIM ananvaya alaMkArathI vastupAlanuM advitIyapaNuM pragaTe che ane sAthesAthe yamaka tathA visA paNa che. paTTaNI pANI je vahaI tiNi nAmihiM sahi nAmu, tasu naMdana upamA lahaI vastupAla guNadhAmu. pa1 he pATaNanI strI! pANI je vahI rahyuM che tenA nAme nAma che (vAri), tenA putra (vArija = kamaLa)nI upamA jene maLela che e vastupAla guNonA bhaMDArarUpa che. ahIM kamaLa samasyAgUDha rIte rajU thayela che ane kamaLanI upamAthI vastupAlane nirmaLa-nirlepa ane sauMdaryasaMpanna evuM vizeSaNa kalAtmaka rIte prApta thAya che. vyaMgyokti dvArA pAtrano paricaya ApavAnI hIrANaMdasUrinI kSamatAno ahIM paricaya maLe che. vidyAvilAsa pavADumAM 23thI 26 kaDImAM dRSTAMta alaMkArano viniyoga sarasa rIte thayelo che : kihAM sAyara, kihAM chillaruM, kihAM kesari, kihAM zAla, kihAM kAyara, kihAM vara suvaDa, kihAM vaNa kihAM surasAla, 23 kihAM sarasiva, kihAM merugiri, kihAM khara, kihAM kekANa,

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hIrANaMdasUri : jIvanakavananuM Akalana kihAM jAda2, kihAM khAsaruM, kihAM mUrakha, kahAM jANa, kihAM kastUrI, kihAM lasaNa, kihAM mAnava, kihAM deva, kihAM kAMjI, kihAM amiyarasa, kihAM rANima, kihAM seva, kihAM rIrI, kihAM varakaNaya, kihAM dIvau, kihAM bhANa, sAmiNi, majha tujha aMtarauM, e evaDauM pramANa. 26 kyAM sAgara ? kyAM nAnuM taLAva ? kyAM siMha ? kyAM ziyALa ? ema ahIM dRSTAMta sAthe 'kihAM'nI punarukti che. uparAMta, A kRtimAM varNAnuprAsanAM paNa bharapUra udAharaNo che. saubhAgyasuMdarI nRtya kare che e prasaMganuM nirUpaNa AnuM suMdara udAharaNa che H 24 97 25 102 103 dhAMdhAM dhapamu mahura mRdaMga, cacapaTa cacapaTa tAlu suraMga, kagina dhoMgina dhaMgA nAdi gAI nAgaDa doMdoM sAdi mapani mani jhajhaNaNa vINa ninikhuNi jaMkhaNi Auja lINa, vAjI oM auM maMgala zaMkha dhidhikaTa dheMkaTa pADa asaMkha. jhagaDa digi digi siri vallarI, jhuNaNa jhuNaNa pAMu neurI, doMdo chaMdihiM tivila rasAla, ghaNAM ghaNAM gyura ghamakAra. 104 rimijhimi rimijhimi jhijhima kaMsAla, karira karira ki2 ghaTapaTa tAla, bha22 bha22 siri bheria sAda, pAyaDIu AlavIu nAda. nisuNI evaMviha bahu tAla, mina camakI te navaraMga bAla, nAcI ati ghaNa ulleTa dharI, rAjakuMra sohagasuMdarI. A karNamadhura nAdacitra ane emAMthI pratyakSa thatuM nRtya karatI saubhAgyasuMdarInuM zabdacitra manohara che. ahIM varNAnuprAsa sAthe yamaka alaMkAra paNa che. 105 106 zabdacitro mukhya banI rahIne ahIM alaMkAranirUpaNa gauNa banI rahetuM jovA maLe che. sarjakano Azaya citranirmANano che. alaMkAro to jANe ke ahIM sahaja rIte goThavAI jatA hoya ema lAge che. zabdacitronAM ghaNAM udAharaNo hIrANaMdasUrinI kRtiomAMthI maLe che. citro upasAvatI vakhate narrator - kathaka hIrANaMdasUri kAM to kRtinI bahAra rahe che athavA taTastha rahe che. enI kathanakaLAnuM A aMga dhyAnArha che. vyakti, sthaLa ke prasaMganAM ema avanavAM citro emanI kRtimAMthI maLI 2he che. uparyukta citra uparAMta evAM ja mahattvanAM keTalAMka zabdacitro joIe. kRtimAM TukaDeTukaDe aMkAyelAM citromAMthI aMte pAtro pUrNa rUpe pragaTe che. 'vidyAvilAsa pavADu'nAM vidyAvilAsa ane saubhAgyasuMdarI AnAM udAharaNo che. keTalAMka citro AMzika hoya che. sUrasenA ane rAjakuMvarIne AnAM udAharaNo tarIke darzAvI zakAya. vidyAvilAsane maNijala chAMTatI sUrasenA, popaTamAMthI vidyAvilAsa ane punaH vidyAvilAsamAMthI popaTa banI javAnI kriyAthI kutUhalabhAva

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98 [] madhyakAlIna gujarAtI jaina sAhitya anubhavatI rAjakumArInAM citro uparAMta 'kaLiyuga batrIzI'mAMthI upasatAM guru ane ziSyanAM caritro hIrANaMdasUrinI ciratranirmANakalAnAM suMdara udAharaNo che. sthaLacitra tarIke 'kaLiyuga batrIzI'mAMnA soraThapradezanuM varNana ane prasaMgacitra tarIke AhAra vahoravA jaI rahelA sAdhujanavALA prasaMganuM citra ke vastupALa rAsa'mAMnA saMghayAtrA prasaMganAM citro hIrANaMdasUrinI alaMkAranirUpaNa nimitte citranirmANakalAzaktino paricaya karAve che. 'divALI gIta' rUpakagraMthimAM racAyeluM che to 'sthUlibhadra bAramAsA' mukhyatayA vipsA alaMkAramAM ja nirUpAyela che. sarasati sati sAmiNi samaraie, pAmIe pAmIa suguru pasAu ke, gAIsu sIla-sohAmaNu e, thUlibhadra thUlibhadra muNivara-rAu ke, sarasati sAmiNi samaraie. samarIi sarasati, suguru-Aisi thUlibhadra vakhANIi, sigaDAla-lAchaNadevI-naMdana pADalipuri jANIi; va2sa bArai koDi bArai vesa sirUM vilasI karI, mAsa mAgiri saMyama lIdhu, koza hIaDai hibarI. mAsira mAgisira mAraga rUaDA e, lAbhai nadIhaM pA2 ke, vANija mAriMga saMcara e, thUlibhadra thUlibhadra karai vihAra ke, mAiisa mAraga rUaDA e. 1 rUaDA mAgisira mAraga, gayaNa nakSatra vihasI, nepAla borA diTa urAM, melhII aMgAsIAM, vivaharA dosI, lagana josI, rAga rUaDau cUMDiMgarI, thUlibhadra viSNu raDaMi kozA, nayaNa AMsajala bharI. 2 posiai posirhi niya tanu posii e, lIjai lIjai sudhRta-AhAra ke raMgita doTI oDhaNai e, mANika mANika raMga apAra ke, posirhi nia posIi e. posa mAsi+ posIi tanu, sugaMdha telasu lAIi, siMdUra-kukumi pIali kIjaI, rAmiMgarI risa gAIi; kusuMbha puMbhihiM mahila caraca+, vADIya maruu vAvIu, raNi moTI, kozA jaMpai, 'thUlibhadra na AvIu.' uparAMta samRta roTI, oNi doTI, tIha navi bhaya sIa taNuM, devAkhiI deva rIjhaI, dAjhai himabhira poiNI, thUlibhadraviyogi dAjhai koza ati navajuvaNI. rAyaNa nIlAM, caMdaNa TIlAM, vasaMta mAsa phulIAmaNu, 3 4

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hirANaMdasUri : jIvanakavananuM Akalana I 99 bhaNaI kozA, "yUlibhadra viSNu sahUe majha asuhAmaNuM." 5 kisUe rAtA, bhamara mAtA, hIMDole mana gahagatiuM, kosahIaDadhuM thUlibhadra viSNu hIMDolA jima lahalahiuM. zabdonI punaruktithI pragaTatA viA -yamaka alaMkAronAM A udAharaNo hIrANaMdasUrinI alaMkAranirUpaNa kauzalyanI pratIti karAve che. ahIM paNa anuprAsa sAthe yamaka alaMkAra dRSTigocara thAya che. uparAMta trIjI kaDInA "sugaMdha telasu lAIi, tathA "vADIya maruu vAvIumAM vayaNasagAI dRSTigocara thAya che. Ama ananvaya, dRSTAMta, varNAnuprAsa ane anuprAsa alaMkAro jyAM jyAM nirUpAyA che tyAMtyAM vipnA-camaka paNa dRSTigocara thAya che. emAMthI yamaka paranA hIrANaMdasUrinA kauzalyano ane alaMkAra dvArA bhAvane kalAtmaka abhivyakti. arpavAnI zaktino suMdara paricaya maLe che. (ra) rAsa, pavADu, copAI, gIta ke koI paNa svarUpa (form)nI kRti hoya paraMtu hIrANaMdasUri emAM UMDI sUjhathI paghabaMdhanuM vaividhya jALave che. padyabaMdhanA A vaividhyamAMthI emanI kavipratibhAnAM darzana thAya che. rAsa, pavADu copAI ke gItanuM svarUpa hoya paraMtu emAM viSayasAmagrInI abhivyakti arthe mAtrAmeLa ke akSarameLa chedomAMthI duhA, copAI, vastu, SaTrapada, kamalaka, caMdrAnana, bhujaMgaprayAta, ToTaka, aDayalA, nArAca. motIdAma jevA vividha chaMdo prayojIne emanA chaMdo uparanA prabhutvano paricaya karAve che. copAI DhALanA dhrupada (drapada) ane dezI. rAga-DhALanAM udAharaNo vidyAvilAsa pavADumAM vizeSa rUpe dRSTigocara thAya che. dhrupadonI Tekane "e' jevI naitika mAtrA umerI racanAne geya banAvavAnuM temanuM valaNa jovA maLe che. hiva vivAhalA nau DhAla. suMdara lagana gaNAvIuM e, maNi motI rayaNi vadhAvIu e, valaha sajjana teDAvau e, varamaMDapa tihAM maMDAvau e. 135 lADaNa vAni caDAviu e, pariNavA toraNi AvIu e, lADI hila siNagArI che, e vara pIThI deha UtArII e. * 136 pahiraNi gajavaDa phAlaDI e, oDhaNI navaraMga ghATaDI e, karaali cUDI khalakatI e, siri sovana rAkhaDI jhalakatI e. 137 lADI sahaji sohAmaNI e. muhi bolaI maMgala kAmiNI e, hAthamelAvaI sAMcaI e, vara rAjakuMArI te varI e. pyArI maMgala varatIyAM e, vara vahua rulIAyati thiyAM e. vaizvAnara sAMiI karI e, Ima pariNI jima guNasuMdarI e. 139 AdhauM rAja vadhAmaNAM e, nRpa dIdhauM hAtha malhAvaNaI e, pahutAM hiva ghari ApaNaI e, hIrANaMda "dhana dhana te bhaNaI e. 140 138 WWW.jainelibrary.org

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100 | madhyakAlIna gujarAtI jaina sAhitya ahIM vIvAhalAnA DhALa tarIke oLakhAvelA A DhALamAM gati mAtrA "e" bAda karIe to zuddha copAIbaMdha dRSTigocara thAya che. kRtine sugeya banAvavA mATe pracalita DhALamAM chaMdane DhALIne racanAne vizeSa layAnvita rUpa apavAnuM hIrANaMdasUrinuM A valaNa dhyAnArha che. vaccevacce gIta mUke che tethI kRti aMtargata rahela bhAva hRdayasparzI bane che ? vidyAvilAsa nariMda pavADu hoyaDA bhiMtarI jANI, aMtarAya viNuM puNya karu tuhmi bhAva ghaNerau ANI. e prAraMbhanI trIjI kaDIthI ekavIsamI kaDI sudhInA gItamAM kathAnaka khUba ja jhaDapathI AgaLa dhape che. to copanamI kaDIthI paMcANumI kaDI sudhInA gItamAM mAtra saubhAgyasuMdarI ane vidyAvilAsanAM lagna thayA pachInI paristhitine Alekhela dhanadhana vidyAvilAsa carI jiNi paraNI sohaMgasuMdarI. drupada gaDhamaDha maMdira poli pagAra, thAnaki thAnaki saltakAra, vAvi sarovara anaI ArAma dIsai, girUAM ati abhirAma. 24 nivasaI loka tihAM atighaNA, jihaM ghari riddhi taNA nahIM maNA, papa jANe abhinava kamalAgeha, bhUmaMDali avatariuM eha. papa dhana. (vagere) Ama gItonA mAdhyamathI ane chaMdaviniyogathI kRtine geya kAvyanuM rUpa hirANaMdasUrie ApyuM che, je emanI sarjaka pratibhAnuM udAharaNa che. (3) varNana ane kathananA mAdhyamathI pAtrane AlekhavAnI hIrANaMdasUrinI rIta paNa dhyAnArha che. varNana dvArA pAtranI dehayaSTi ja mAtra nahIM paraMtu enuM AMtarajagata, enI cittasRSTi paNa bhAvaka samakSa khUle che ane pAtranuM aneruM vyaktitva Ama hIrANaMdasUrinI kRtiomAMthI pragaTatuM dRSTigocara thAya che. A prakAranI varNana, kathana ane saMvAdanI rItithI pAtrane AlekhavAnI paddhatine kAraNe vidyAvilAsa pavADumAMthI nAyikA saubhAgyasuMdarInA aNagamA, viraha ane ullAsanA bhAvo kalAtmaka rIte pragaTe che. tathA A nAyikAnuM tejasvI, catura, prema pragaTa karatAM khacakATa na anubhavatI temaja aNagamatA pAtra pratye virodha karatAM na khacakAtI, samasyA ane anya kalAmAM nipuNa ane cabarAka evuM vyaktitva varNano ane kAryomAMthI Upase che. kharA arthamAM jene zAmaLanI vArtAonI nAyikAonI purogAmI kahI zakAya evuM pAtranimaNa, lokamAnasa, lokamAnyatAomAMthI hIrANaMdasUrie karyuM che, je enI pAtranirUpaNa kalAno paricaya karAve che. - "sthUlibhadra bAramAsAmAM paNa nAyikAnI viraha-viyoga-avasthA, hRdayanI zuddhatA sUcavatA prakRtinirdezomAMthI pragaTe che. "vastupAla rAsamAMthI paNa nAyaka vastupAlanA guNa, birudo-kAryo varNano ane kathanane anuSaMge Upase che. kalikAla

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hirANaMdasUri : jIvanakavananuM Akalana D 101 batrIzI'mAMthI tatkAlIna samAja-AcaraNane kAraNe sAdhujananAM citta je khedabhAva, zraddhAbhAva anubhave che te varNana-kathananA mAdhyamathI pragaTe che. Ama pAtrane AlekhavAnI eka kalAtmaka rIti hIrANaMdasUri pAse hoI kati savizeSa AsvAdya bane che. avanavI viSayasAmagrI, alaMkArono viniyoga, chaMdanirUpaNa, varNano ane ene AdhAre pAtrasRSTinuM Alekhana karavAnI rIti, viSayane nirUpavAnI UMDI sUjha - A badhAM pAsAMmAMthI hIrANaMdasUrinI sarjaka pratibhAno paricaya maLI rahe che. emaNe kareluM avanavI viSayasAmagrInuM Ayojana temaja emanI kathanakalAnuM svarUpa anugAmIo para kharA arthamAM prabhAva pADanAra nIvaDyuM che. saMdarbha-sAmagrI (lekhamAM nirdiSTa kRtiprakAzananA saMdarbho uparAMta) 1. gujarAtI sAhityano ItihAsa bhAga 1 tathA 2, saMpA. umAzaMkara jozI vagere. 2. gujarAtI sAhityakoza khaMDa 1 (madhyakALa), saMpA. jayaMta koThArI, gADIta, zeTha ane sonI. 3. gujarAtanA sArasvato, ke.kA. zAstrI 4. gujarAtI sAhityanAM svarUpo - padya, maMjulAla majamudAra 5. jaina gUrjara kavio bhAga 1thI 6, (saMvardhita AvRtti), saMyojaka mohanalAla dalIcaMda dezAI, - saMpA. jayaMta koThArI. 6. madhyakAlIna gujarAtI kathAsAhitya, hasu yAjJika 7. madhyakAlIna gujarAtI premakathAo, hasu yAjJika 8. madhyakALanA sAhityaprakAro. caMdrakAnta mahetA 9. lokakathAnAM mULa ane kuLa, harivallabha bhAyANI

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lAvaNyasamaya kAntibhAI bI. zAha lAvaNyasamaya I.sa.nI soLamI sadInA pUrvArdhamAM thaI gayelA eka gaNanApAtra jaina sAdhukavi che. emaNe racelI sauthI mahattvanI kRti vimalaprabaMdhanI prazastimAM kavie pote ja potAnA vaMza Adino paricaya Apyo che. te anusAra lAvaNyasamayano janma vi.saM. 1521ne poSa vada 3nA roja (I.sa. 1465) amadAvAdamAM thayo. kavinA dAdA nAme maMga pATaNanA zrImALI vaNika hatA. pATaNathI teo amadAvAda AvIne vasyA. maMganA traNa putro paikI sauthI moTA putra zrIdhara amadAvAdamAM ajadarapurAmAM rahetA hatA. zrIdharane emanI patnI jhamakaladevIthI cAra putro ane eka putrI thayAM. jemanAM nAma anukrame vastupAla, jinadAsa, maMgaladAsa, laghurAja ane lIlAvatI hatAM. cAra putromAM sauthI nAnA putra laghurAja te ja ApaNA dIkSAnAmadhArI lAvaNyasamaya. laghurAjanA janmAkSara muni samayaratnane batAvatAM emaNe kaheluM ke A putra koI moTo tapasvI thaze, kAM tIrtha-kAra thaze, kAM moTo yati thaze ke pachI mahAvidvAna thaze. A laghurAje nava varSanI bALavaye saM. 1pa29nA jeTha suda 10ne dine (I.sa. 1473) pATaNamAM tapagacchanA somasuMdarasUrinI paraMparAnA lakSmIsAgarasUri pAse dIkSA lIdhI ane sAdhu lAvaNyasamaya banyA. samayaratna lAvaNyasamayanA vidyAguru hatA. kavi pote jaNAve che te pramANe soLame varSe sarasvatInI kRpAthI emanAmAM kavitvazaktinI phuraNA thaI, jenAthI emaNe rAsa, copAI, chaMda, kavita, gIta, saMvAda jevI vaividhyapUrNa racanAo karI. lAvaNyasamaye gujarAta, soraTha, rajapUtAnA Adi vyApaka pradezamAM vihAra karIne TheraThera upadeza Apyo. emanA upadeza-prabhAvathI ghaNe ThekANe daherAM ane upAzrayonuM nirmANa thayuM. A badhAMne pariNAme saM. 1555 (I.sa. 1499)mAM emane paMDitapada prApta thayuM. je kRtimAM kavie potAne vizenI A mAhitI darzAvI che te vimalaprabaMdhanI racanA aNahilavADa pATaNa pAsenA mAlasamudramAM pote saM.1568 (I.sa.1512)mAM comAsuM rahyA tyAre sakaLa saMghanI vinaMtIne dhyAnamAM rAkhIne karI. lAvaNyasamaye racela khimaRSi (bohA), balibhadra, yazobhadrAdi rAsa' e emanI chelluM racyAvarSa (saM. 1589) I.sa.1533) dharAvatI upalabdha kRti che. e rIte saM. 1521thI 1589 (I.sa.1465thI 1pa33) kavi lAvaNyasamayano hayAtIkALa nizcita thAya

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lAvaNyasamaya [ 103 che. lAvaNyasamaya kyAre kALadharma pAmyA te aMge kazI mAhitI upalabdha nathI. mukhyatve dhamapadeza ane dharmaprasAranA hetuthI racAyuM hovA chatAM A paMDita kavinuM sarjana svarUpavaividhya ane bhASA tathA chaMdanuM evuM prabhutva batAve che ke teo emanA samayanA eka gaNanApAtra kavi banI rahe che. lAvaNyasamaye nAnImoTI kathAmUlaka kRtio racI che temAM prabandha, rAsa ane caritra - traNenAM lakSaNo dharAvatI, 9 khaMDo ane 1356 kaDIomAM vistarelI racanA 'vimalaprabandharAsa' (ra.I.1512) emanI sauthI mahattvanI kRti che. bAvIsamA tIrthaMkara neminAthanA saMyamadhamAbhimukha caritrane upasAvatI "miraMgaratnAkara chaMda | raMgaratnAkara neminAtha prabandha' (ra.I.1490) emanI bIjI mahattvanI racanA che. A uparAMta 6 khaMDa ane 455 kaDImAM vistarelI "vaccharAja devarAja rAsa, copAI' (ra.I. 1516), 3 khaMDa ane pa12 kaDImAM racAyelI khimAtraSi (bohA), balibhadra, yazobhadrAdi rAsa' (ra.I.1533), "surapriyakevalIno rAsa' (ra.I.1511) emanI caritrAtmaka racanAo che. vimalaprabandha/rAsa' e caulukya rAjA bhImadeva pahelAnA samayamAM thaI gayelA vimala maMtrInAM satkRtyone AlekhI emanA dharmavIra tarIkenA caritrane vizeSa rIte upasAvatI kRti che. vimala maMtrInA janmathI aMta sudhInI jIvanaghaTanAo ane emanA parAkramaprasaMgonuM emAM nirUpaNa che. A ghaTanAo-prasaMgone keTalAka aitihAsika AdhAronuM samarthana sAMpaDe che. e rIte e mukhyatayA 'kAnhaDade prabaMdha' pachInI A prakAranI sauthI vizeSa noMdhapAtra racanA banI rahe che. joke ahIM daMtakathAo para paNa ThIkaThIka AdhAra rakhAyo hovAne kAraNe ane sAmAjika-dhArmika prasaMgonuM nirUpaNa vizeSa thayuM hovAne lIdhe vimala maMtrInI prazastinI sAthe jaina dharmanA prabhAvanuM gAna karavAno kavino uddeza upara tarI Ave che. AraMbhanA be khaMDomAM zrImAlanagara ane zrImAla vaMzanI sthApanA, osavALo ane prAgvATo (poravADa), aDhAra varSanI vyavasthA, 6 darzana 96 prakAranAM pAkhaMDa vagerenI paricayAtmaka bhUmikA bAMdhavAmAM AvI che. trIjA khaMDamAM vIra nAme zreSThIne tyAM vIramatInI kukhe vimalanA janmanI vAta kahevAmAM AvI che. pATaNanA zrIdatta zreSThInI putrI zrI sAthe vimalanuM lagna, potAnI bANavidyAthI rAjA bhImadevane prasanna karI eNe prApta karelI daMDanAyakanI padavI, vimala viruddhanI kAnabhaMbheraNIthI bhoLavAIne rAjA bhIme vimalanI hatyA karavA mATe karelA prayAso, judAMjudAM yuddhomAM vimale meLavelo vijaya, pariNAme rAjA bhImane hAthe ja vimalanuM thatuM samAna, dharmaghoSasUri nAme jaina sAdhue Abu parvata upara jaina maMdira bAMdhavA vimala maMtrIne Apelo Adeza ane aneka pratikULatAono sAmano karI vimalavasahI' nAme baMdhAveluM daherAsara - A badhA prasaMgo bAkInA khaMDomAM AlekhAyA che. vimala aMbAne prasanna karI tIrthanirmANa ane putraprApti ema be

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104 | madhyakAlIna gujarAtI jaina sAhitya varadAna mAge che. paraMtu aMbAe eka ja varadAna mAgavAnuM kahetAM vimala putraprAptinuM varadAna mAgavAne badale tIrtharacanAnuM varadAna mAge e prasaMga vimalanA. dharmavIracaritrane sUcaka rIte upasAve che. kaLiyuganuM varNana, romanagaranA sulatAnanI begamonuM khaDI bolImAM TIkhaLa, ojasvI zailIvALuM yuddhavarNana, vijaya pachInuM vimalamaMtrInuM AlaMkArika zailImAM nirUpitA svAgata - A badhAM varNano lAvaNyasamayanI kavipratibhAnA dyotaka banyAM ThaThApurI (ThaThanagara)nA rAjA sAme vimale khelelA yuddhanuM varNana emAM AvatI varNasagAI, jhaDajhamaka ane ravAnusArI zabdothI yukta padAvali ane ojasvatI zailIne kAraNe vizeSa dhyAna kheMce che : * ghaNa golA gophiNi phAra phiraI, raNasAgari rUMdhyA vIra taraI. * nava khaMDa akhaMDa ti khaMDa karaI, bhaDa khele khAMDe khati dharai. * ghaNa ghUmyA dUkhyA ghAya vaDi, bhayabhItA jItA rAni raDaI. * haba haba haba habakI hAka havaI, jhaba jhaba jhaba vIja khaDaga viDhai, dhaba dhaba dhaba dhIMgaDa dhIra dhasai. kamakamatA kAyara kheTi khisai. raNa raNa raNa kAhala raNakIyalaI, Dama Dama Dama DamarU DamakIyalaI, Dhama Dhama Dhama Dhola DhamakkIyalaI, cama cama cama caMga camakkIyalaI. uesanagara, caMdrAvatI, aNahilapura pATaNanAM nagaravarNano, enAM cauTAM emAM rahetI aDhAre varNa, vaNikonI 84 jJAtio, strIpuruSanAM sAmudrika lakSaNo, rAgarAgiNIo, strIpuruSanI kalAo, zukana-apazukananI mAnyatAo, rAjasabhA, yuddha, ane zastro, vivAha-lagnaprasaMgonA rItirivAjo vagerenAM vIgatasabhara citraNo kavinA sarjakatva karatAM kavinA pAMDityane vizeSa pragaTa karanArAM ane tatkAlIna samAjasthiti ane lokAcAra para prakAza pADanArAM banyAM che. AkhI racanA prabaMdha, rAsa ane caritranAM svarUpagata lakSaNone ochevatte aMze pragaTa kare che. kavie copAI, duhA, vastu, pavADu jevA chaMdo temaja vividha dezIonA DhALomAM AkhI kRtine DhALI che. lAvaNyasamayanI A kRti samagra madhyakAlIna gujarAtI sAhityanI eka dhyAnArha. kRti banI rahe che. lAvaNyasamayanI bIjI mahattvanI kathAmUlaka racanA che aneriMgaratnAkara chaMda, je "raMgaratnAkara neminAtha prabaMdha' tarIke paNa oLakhAvAI che. kRtinA AraMbhamAM kavi lakhe che : tu mana ANaMdiI nemi jiNa vaMdiI, navanava diI chaMda kahuM. A racanA be adhikAramAM raMpara kaDImAM bAvIsamA tIrthaMkara neminAthanA janmathI mAMDI kevaLapadaprApti sudhInA jIvanaprasaMgone Alekhe che. joke mukhya

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lAvaNyasamaya / 105 nirUpaNa neminAthanA lagnaprasaMganuM che. duhA, roLA, harigIta, AryA, caraNAkuLa, paddhaDI jevA, mukhyatve mAtrAmeLa chaMdomAM A kRti racAI che. kRtinuM AkarSaka tattva kavinuM bhASAprabhutva che. kRSNanA aMtaHpuranI rANIonuM neminAtha sAthenuM vasaMtakhelana ane emanAM hasImajAka, rAjimatInuM dehasauMdarya jevAM nirUpaNo noMdhapAtra banyAM che. upamA, uprekSA. vyatireka jevA athaliMkAro, kahevato, prAsAnuprAsa, AMtarayamaka, ravAnukArI zabdothI UbhuM thatuM nAdasaMgIta ityAdi bhASAkIya prayuktiothI keTalAMka varNano citrAtmaka ane layAnvita banyAM che. rAjulanA sauMdaryane varNavatAM 'jItA sIhalA kaTine laMke', 'jItAM chatAM nayaNe hariNa', 'veNaI vAsaga jira java' 'chatAM rAtAM kamala kari' jevI paMktio dvArA kavie vyatirekonI AkhI zreNI UbhI karI che. nemakumAra lagnamaMDapethI pAchA pharI jatAM rAjulanA jIvanamAM vyApI vaLatI. zUnyatAne kavi A rIte citrabaddha kare che ? 1 khiNi khAI khiNi vATAM loTaI khiNi uMbari, khiNi UbhI oTaI, khiNi bhItari, khiNi valI AMgaNaI e prIya viNa sUnI valI gaNaI e. lagnavidhi. sanmAnanI praNAlI, bhojananI vAnagIo lagnottara jIvanamAM manuSyane bhogavavAM paDatAM dukho, pApI jIvone bhogavavA paDatA vidhavidha daMDa jevAM vIgatapracura varNanomAM tatkAlIna samAjajIvanane kavie pratibaMbita karyuM che. udAharaNa tarIke kavi neminAthane mukhe lagnottara vipattione varNave che tyAre emAM kAyara puruSa, mAthAbhAre patnI, strInI AbhUSaNo mATenI mAgaNI, tela, mIThuM, maracuM, baLataNa vagere mATeno strIno rojiMdo kakaLATa vagere vIgatomAM vinodanI haLavI lakIra sametanI samAjanirIkSaNanI bArIkAI joI zakAze. 'vaccharAja devarAja rA/copAI e lAvaNyasamayanI cha khaMDamAM vibhakta ane 455 kaDIomAM vistarelI racanA che. A kRtimAM siMdhu dezanI caMdrAvatI nagarInA rAjakumAra vaccharAjanAM parAkramonI kathA AlekhAI che. pitAnA mRtyu pachI moTo putra devarAja gAdIe bese che ne nAnA bhAI vaccharAjane mArI nAkhavAnuM kAvataruM karatAM vaccharAja mAtA ane bahenane laI nAsI chUTe che. ujjayinImAM somadatta vaNikane tyAM rahI, adbhuta parAkramo karI zrIdattA, ratnAvatI ane kanakavatI e traNa rAjakuMvarIone paraNI, yuddhamAM devarAjane harAvI siMdhu dezanuM rAjya meLave che. kathAmAM zRMgAra ane vIra vizeSa prabhAvaka banyA che. pUrvajanmamAM karelI jIvadayAne laIne A janmamAM vaccharAjane aMte sukha prApta thayuM evo bodha A kRtimAM che. 1 khimaRSi (bohA), balibhadra, yazobhadrAdi rAsa' (2.I. 1533) e kavinI 3 khaMDa ne pa12 kaDImAM dudha ane copAi chaMdamAM racAyelI kRti che, ane anukrame pratyeka khaMDamAM khimaRSi, balibhadra ane A baMnenA guru yazobhadranA caritranuM

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106 | madhyakAlIna gujarAtI jaina sAhitya vistRta Alekhana kare che. A kRtimAM khimaRSinA kaThina saMkalpo ane balibhadra tathA yazobhadranA jIvananA keTalAka camatkAronuM nirUpaNa thayuM che. paNa kRtimAM koI vizeSa kAvyasiddhi jaNAtI nathI. "surapriyakevalI rAsa' (ra.I.1511) surapriya nAme eka jaina kevalInA caritrane nirUpe che. mahAvIrasvAmI magadhadezanA rAjagRhI nagaramAM padhAre che tyAre harSavibhora banelA rAjA zreNika emanI dharmadezanA sAMbhaLavA jAya che. tyAM mahAvIra A surapriyakevalInuM caritra saMbhaLAve che. A rAsa hajI apragaTa ja che. lAvaNyasamaye saMvAda kAvyasvarUpanI keTalIka noMdhapAtra racanAo karI che. A racanAo kRtimAM AvatI saMvAdacAturIne kAraNe khAsa dhyAna kheMce che. A prakAranI kAvyaracanAomAM "rAvaNamaMdodarI saMvAda | rAvaNasAra saMvAda' (2.I.1506), 'karasaMvAda' (ra.I. 1519), "caMpakacaMdanavAda | sukaDI-caMpU saMvAdagIta', "sUryadIpavAda chaMda' tathA 'gorI-sAMvalI gItavivAda' kRtiono samAveza thAya che. "rAvaNamaMdodarI saMvAda | rAvaNasAra saMvAda' 61 kaDInI racanA che. emAM maMdodarInAM bhaya-ciMtA ane rAvaNanA ahaMkArane pragaTAvato. judAra bhASAvALo. rAvaNa maMdodarI vacceno saMvAda rajU thayo che. A saMvAdamAM baMne pAtrono vyaktitvabheda surekhapaNe Upase che. rAvaNa ahaMkAra ADe rAmanI zaktino ane vAnarasainyano sAco kyAsa kADhI zakato nathI. pariNAme maMdodarInI vinaMtIne avagaNI potAnI moTAImAM ja rAcyA kare che. A dharatI para potAnA jevo koI bhaDa nathI enI baDAza hAMkatAM e kahe che ke pote mRtyune paNa maraDIne bAMdhI dIdhuM che ne zeSane pAtALa bhego karyo che. maMdodarI AvanAra paristhitinAM eMdhANa pArakhI rAvaNanAM ahaMkAra ane laMpaTatAne niMde che. enI vANImAM samajadArI ane zikhAmaNano sUra che. sItAnA satItvamAM ene dRDha zraddhA che. A saMvAdamAMthI jema baMne pAtrono vyaktitvabheda Upase che te ja rIte be bhinna citro paNa UbhAM thAya che. eka bAju rAvaNanA akhUTa vaibhava ane baLanuM to maMdodarImukhethI rAmalakSmaNanA zauryanuM ane vAnarasenAnI zaktinuM. keTalIka citrAtmaka paMktio juo : dhaDahaDa dharaNI dhaDahaDaI, dII kaI vAnaro phAla re. * bhUdhara bhAlA jhalahalaI, ravi khalabhalaI teji re. maMdodarI AraMbhamAM ja atizayoktithI potAnuM vaktavya rajU kare che : sUtalo sIMha jagAvI naDika vAsaga nAga re.' dRAnta prayojIne maMdodarI rAvaNane kahe che ? patraga jima paya pAila, mehalaI viSanI jhAla re, kAMmInii koi hita kahaI, thAI doSa bhUpAla re.

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lAvaNyasamaya L 107 vaLI, A paMktio emAMnA zabdAlaMkArathI dhyAna kheMcaze ? u AvaI dala daDavaDyAM, vAji Dhola nIsAMNa re, rAmagharaNi taNi kAraNi, kaMthA kAya tajo prANa re. lAvaNyasamaye I.sa.1506mAM A "rAvaNamaMdodarI saMvAda racyAnA traNa ja varSa pachI I.sa.1589mAM jainetara kavi zrIdhare paNa "rAvaNamaMdodarI saMvAda'nI racanA karI hatI. saMbhava che ke zrIdhara lAvaNyasamayanI A racanAthI prabhAvita prerita thayA hoya. "karasaMvAda' I.sa.1519mAM racAyelI 69 kaDInI bIjI eka noMdhapAtra saMvAdaracanA che. jainonA prathama tIrthaMkara bhagavAna RSabhadeva varasItapanuM pAraNuM karavA zreyAMsakumArane tyAM gayA. zreyAMsakumAra jAte 28Sabhadevane iznarasa vahorAve che. tyAre A rasa kyo hAtha vahore ? DAbA ane jamaNA banne hAtha vacce potAnuM caDiyAtApaNuM siddha karavA mATe thatI dalIlone rajU karato vinodasabhara ane cAturIbharyo kAlpanika saMvAda A kAvyano viSaya che. AraMbhamAM RSabhadevanA tapano nirdeza karatuM kathAnaka duhA chaMdamAM pIThikA rUpe Ave che. madhyamAM Akhoya karasaMvAda copAI chaMdamAM rajU thAya che ane banne hAtha vArApharatI potAnI mahattA siddha karavA prayatna kare che. pachI kAvya be hAtha vaccenA samAdhAnabharyA samApana tarapha gati kare che. "mAre mATe tame banne hAtha sarakhA ja cho" ema kahI RSabhadeva potAnA jhaghaDatA banne hAthane DAbA-jamaNA baMne hAthanuM mahattva vaividhyapUrNa dRSTAnto ApIne samajAve che. udAharaNa tarIke roTalI, lADu, pApaDa, vaDAM, khAjAM be hAthanI madadathI ja thAya che. nAdabheda, nATaka, nArIbhoga. suthAra-kuMbhAra AdinI kArIgarI - A badho be hAthano vyApAra che. Ama, be hAtha vacce samAdhAna karAvI chelle RSabhadeva baMne hAtha bhegA karI IkSarasa bhAvapUrvaka vahore che. Ama, jaina sAdhu mATe (hAla digaMbara jaina sAdhuvargamAM pracalita) be hAthathI vahoravAnI prakriyAno prasaMga karasaMvAda mATenuM aucityapUrNa nimitta banI rahe che. - kAvyanI aMtima paMkti che : pAmI caMdraprabha jinarAya, be kara saMpii pUjjaI pAya. joyuM ? kavie chelle caMdraprabhu jinezvaranA pAya pUjavAno nirdeza paNa be hAtha meLavavAnA ullekhathI karyo ! A prakAranI racanAomAM rasasiddhi karatAM vidvattA, cAturI, dalIlabAjI, samAjavyavahAranuM jhINavaTabharyuM nirIkSaNa vagerenA aMzo vizeSa jovA maLe che. caMpakacaMdana vAda | sukaDI-capU saMvAdagIta' caMpaka ane caMdana vaccenA kalahasaMvAdane nirUpatI 11 kaDInI racanA che. 'sUrya-dIpavAda cheda sUrya ane dIpaka vaccenA caDiyAtApaNAnA vivAdane

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108 | madhyakAlIna gujarAtI jaina sAhitya nirUpatI chappAnI 30 kaDInI racanA che. A ane "gorI-sAMvalI gIta/vivAda' kavinI apragaTa racanAo che. ' vivAprasaMgane AlekhatI athavA dIkSaprasaMgane ja vivAhaprasaMga jevo gaNI racAyelI vivAhalI svarUpanI kRtionI lAvaNyasamaye racanA karI che emAM neminAtha hamacaDI' (ra.I.1508 saM.1564; koI hastapratamAM racanA samaya saM.1562 maLe che.) ane "sumatisAdhusUri vivAhalo'no samAveza thAya che. neminAtha hamacaDI' e hamacI prakArane anurUpa vegavAna samUhanRtyamAM gAI zakAya e rIte vegIlI bhASAno anubhava karAvatI gItikA chaMdane prayojatI 84 kaDInI racanA che. jema-rAjulanuM jANItuM kathAnaka ahIM kavie lIdhuM che. A ja viSayane kavie A agAu "nemi raMgaratnAkara chaMda'mAM chaMdasvarUpe Alekhyo hato. enI laghu AvRtti jevI A racanAne gaNAvI zakAya. ahIM paNa lAvaNayasamaye kathAnuM phalaka vyApaka rAkhyuM che - neminAthanA janmathI mAMDI nema-rAjula mokSapadane pAmyAM tyAM sudhInuM, paNa e mAtra 84 kaDInI maryAdAmAM sameTavAnuM hoI jIvanaphalakanA amuka ja prasaMgone kavie rasika banAvavAno prayAsa karyo che, jyAre bAkInI ghaTanAone to mAtra ullekhanA aMkoDe sAMkaLI levAmAM AvI che. je-je prasaMgone kavie rasika banAvavAno prayatna karyo che temAM eka prasaMga che bALaneminA zauryano. bALaneminA baLiyApaNAnI samagra brahmAMDa upara paDatI asaranuM suMdara citra kavi Ape che. A baLano khuda kRSNa upara je prabhAva paDe che emAM hAsyanI lakIro paNa kavie pharakAvI che. bALabrahmacArInuM A baLa joI kRSNa nemane paraNAvavAnuM vicAre che. temane samajAvavA nAnAvidha zaNagAra sajIne AvelI kRSNanI soLasahasra rANIonuM citra zRMgArarasika banyuM che. rANIonAM vastrAlaMkAro, zaNagArasajAvaTa ane aMgalAvaNyanuM varNana alaMkArakhacita che. * nAgalokanI kanyA nAThI, rUpiI raMbhA trAThI. * nilaTi caMdra zuM caDhIu re. hiMdInI chAMTa vezabhUSAnA vanane vizeSa AsvAdya banAve che ? kasakA caraNA cola majIThA, kasakA ghuDjharIAlA, kasakA chAyala chaila su chalIA, kasakA caraNA kAlA re. vasaMtavarNanamAM suMdara svabhAvokticitra UbhuM thAya che ? vArU vana ralIAmaNAM re, AMbA rAINi rUDA koili karaI TahUkaDA re, rAtI cAMcaI sUDA re. drAkha taNAI chai mAMDavA re, navaraMgI nAriMgI,. cihu pakhaI tarU murIA re, caukhaMDA chaI caMgA re,

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lAvaNyasamaya [ 109 kRSNanI rANIo nemakumArane rIjhavavA emanI sAthe nirdaza, nirdoSa ThaThThAmazkarI, ToLaTIkhaLa kare che ne hoLI khele che e AkhuM varNana ramatiyALa bhAve ne hAsyanI lakIre nirUpAyuM che : * gopI lopI lAkaDI re, lA ivaDI paTarANI, Ali kari uchAMchalA re, bolaI vAMgaDa vANI re. # harakhi hasaI hAsAM kari re, dehara sikuM bhujAI. lagnanI pUrvataiyArInA varNanamAM tatkAlIna samAjapraNAlInuM pratibiMba jovA maLe che. UghalatI jAna ane vararAjAnuM varNana paNa e ja dhATInuM che. Azcarya e thAya ke keTalAMka suMdara prasaMgacitraNonI vacce, nemakumAranA jIvanamAM moTuM parivartana ANanAra, vaLAMkabiMdu samo pazucitkArano prasaMga kavie mAtra aDadhI paMktimAM ullekhathI ja patAvyo che. nemavidAya pachInI rAjulanI karuNa sthitinuM nirUpaNa bhAvavAhI banyuM che ? kaMkaNa phoDaI, hiaDuM moDai, troDAM navasara hAro, khiNi khiNi loDaI, be kara joDaI, paI nemikumAro re. 'sumatisAdhusUri vivAhalo' 83 kaDInuM kAvya che. A kAvyamAM dIkSA prasaMgane vivAhaprasaMga rUpe AlekhavAmAM Avyo che ane tethI kRti vivAhalI svarUpe racAI medapATa (mevADa)nA jAura nagaranA zreSThI gajapatizAhanA putra jayarAjane nizALe jatAM ratnazekharasUrino paricaya thAya che. muninA upadezathI navarAjane dIkSA levAnI IcchA jAge che. aMte A nArAja (sAdhunAma sumatisAdhusUri)nA diIkSA prasaMganI gAmegAma kaMkotarI mokalavAmAM Ave che ? nayarAjakuMvara pariNisiI e, varisii saMyamanAri. lagnaavasaranA umaMgathI A dIkSA prasaMga varNavAyo che. dIkSAnA varaghoDAnuM varNana e rIte dhyAna kheMce che. upara darzAvelI vivAhalo racanAo uparAMta sthUlibhadra-kozAnA jANItA prasaMgane nirUpatI "sthUlibhadra ekavIso' (ra.I. 1497) tathA 148 kaDInI naMdabatrIzI' jevI prakIrNa svarUpavALI racanAo lAvaNyasamaye ApI che. sthUlibhadra ekavIso 21 kaDInI racanA che. pratyeka kaDInI prathama cAra paMkti dezamAM ane pachInI cAra paMkti harigIta chaMdamAM AlekhAI che. AkhI racanA dezI. ane harigItamAM avAntare AvyA kare e prakAre kRtinuM Ayojana thayuM che. gaNikA kozAne tyAM je sthUlibhadra agAu bArabAra varSa paDyApAthaya rahelA te ja sthUlibhadra have dIkSAdhArI banIne prathama cAturmAsa gALavA pUrvAzramanI premikAne tyAM padhAre che tyAMthI kAvyano prAraMbha thaI, aMte kozAnA hRdayaparivartana AgaLa kAvyanI samApti thAya che. kAvyanA A AraMbha-aMtanI vacce kozAe

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110 ] madhyakAlIna gujarAtI jaina sAhitya potAnA rUpachAkathI, vidhavidha hAvabhAvathI ane utkaTa vinavaNIthI sthUlibhadranuM mana calita karavA athAga prayAsa karyo paNa sthUlibhadra to aDaga ane nizcala ja rahyA. emanA A virakti bhAve kozAnA hRdayane palaTAvI nAkhyuM. kRti nAnI che paNa bhAvapUrNa ane kAvyamaya banI che. be rIte : eka, kozAnA hradayabhAvonuM rasika nirUpaNa ahIM che ane be, kozAnA rUpachAkanAM, aMgasauMdaryanAM, hAvabhAvanAM, sthUlibhadranI aDagatAnAM alaMkArapracura ane kalpanAsamRddha varNano ahIM che. kAvyano AraMbha varSARRtunA citrathI thAya che. sthUlibhadranA Agamanano pratibhAva kozA A rIte Ape che H kuNa murakha re aMba-nIMba sarakhA gaNai ? ati kuMalai re TilaMki kesarI hasyau' paMktino vyatireka ke libhadranI aDagatAnA citraNa mATe yojAyelI dRSTAMtamAlA jarUra dhyAna kheMce. lagabhaga pratyeka kaDImAM jovA maLatA zabdAnuprAsa, jhaDajhamaka temaja kozAnI AbhUSaNasajjAnA varNanamAM AvatA ravAnusArI zabdaprayogo samagra citrane karNamaMjula banAve che : java dhapamare dhoMdho maddala raNakiyAM nAcaMtAM re kaMkaNaDAM kira khalikayAM sakhi rimijhimi re jhAMjharaDAM pAye jhamikayAM kuMDalanAM 2e teja tivAra+ jhaLakiyAM. keTalIka kaDIonA pahelA caraNamAM Avato AgalI kaDInA chellA caraNano Uthalo dhyAna kheMce che. vaLI, te vakhate kavi khUbI e kare che ke dezInA paMktikhaMDane uthalAvIne hiragItamAM DhALe che sAMkaLe che. kavinA chaMdaprabhutva vinA A yojanA saphLa na bane. raMga valI kIjaI navau navaraMga kIjaI risa ramIja............ lAvaNyasamaye 'naMdabatrIzI' nAmanI eka racanA karI hovAno saMbhava che. jaina sAhityano saMkSipta ItihAsa'mAM zrI mohanalAla da. dezAI noMdhe che ke "lAvaNya(samaya) munie saM.1548mAM 148 kaDImAM racelI naMdabatrIzI hamaNAM prApta thaI che." A kRti vize anya kaMI mAhitI sAMpaDI zakI nathI. lAvaNayasamaye siddhAntacarcAnA prayojanavALI keTalIka racanAo karI che. AvI racanAomAM 181 kaDInI 'siddhAntacopAI / luMkaTavadana-capeTAcopAI' (2.I.1487) mahattvanI gaNI zakAya. emAM mUrtiniSedhaka loMkAzAhanA vicAronuM khaMDana ane mUrtipUjAnA vicAronuM pratipAdana karavAmAM AvyuM che. mUrtipUjAniSedha karato luMkaTamata ane mUrtipUjApratipAdana karato jinamata - e be siddhAnta vaccenI viSamatA darzAvavA kavie dRSTAMtamAlA prayojI che H

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lAvaNyasamaya [] 111 maTi jhiratu mayagala kihAM, kihAM AraDatuM UMTa, punyavaMta mAnava kihAM, kihAM adhamAdhama khUMTa, 1para rAjahaMsa vAyasa kihAM, bhUpati kihAM dAsa, sapatabhUmi maMdira kihAM, kihAM uDavale vAsa. 153 madhurA modaka kihAM lavaNa, kihAM sonU kihAM loha, kihAM suratarU kihAM kayaraDa, kihAM upazama kihAM koha. 154 kiMhAM TaMkAuli hAra vara, kihAM kaNayaranI mAla, zItala vimala kamala kihAM, kihAM dAvAnala jhAla. 155 mUrtipUjAnuM pratipAdana karatAM nirUpaNazailImAM kavie kyAMya Akroza vyakta karyo nathI ane sAdhu tarIkenI potAnI garimA jALavI che. lAvaNyasamaya kRtinA aMtamAM lakhe che : krodha nathI poSika maI ratI, vAta kahIMchaI saghalI chatI, boliu zrI siddhAMtavicAra, tihAM niMdAnuM siluM adhikAra. gautamapRcchA' (prAkRta)ne AdhAre racAyelI 120 kaDInI "amRtavANI abhidhAna | gautamapRcchA (karmavipAka) copAI' (ra.I.1489) paNa AvI ja eka kRti che. emAM mahAvIranA ziSya gautamanA manamAM jena siddhAnto vize jAgelA saMzayo ane mahAvIrasvAmI dvArA te saMzayonuM nirAkaraNa kAvyano viSaya che. gautama ane mahAvIranA praznottara rUpe viSayanI rajUAta thaI che. 114 kaDInI 'garbhavali' tathA 147 kaDInI "jIvazikhAmaNavidhi Adi (ra.I.1506) e kavinI anya siddhAntacacanI kRtio che. A badhI racanAo uparAMta lAvaNyasamaye stavano ane sajhAyonI paNa racanA karI che. joke A stavano stavana, chaMda, vinati, bhAsa ema jude jude nAme paNa oLakhavAmAM AvyAM che. emAM vividha tIrthasthaLonA pArzvanAthane viSaya banAvIne keTalAMka sthaLaviSayaka stavano racavAmAM AvyAM che; jevAM ke para kaDInuM aMtarIkSa pAzvajina chaMda, 38 kaDInuM 'jIrAulA pArzvanAtha chaMda vinati, 15 kaDInuM pArzvanAtha stavana (loDaNa) | serIsA pArzvanAtha (jina) stavana', 35 kaDInuM "navapallava pArthanAtha stavana'. A badhAM ja mudrita thayelAM che. paNa vizeSa dhyAna kheMcanAruM banyuM che "caturvizati jina stavana' (ra.I. 1531 AsapAsa). jene mAnyatA pramANe tIrthakaro 24 che. pratyeka kaDImAM ekaeka tIrthaMkaranI prazasti-stuti karatuM kula 28 kaDInuM A stavana mAlinI chaMdamAM (mAtra aMtima kaDI harigItamAM) racAyuM che. ne yamakakAsanI viziSTa yojanAne lIdhe noMdhapAtra banyuM che. sAmAnya rIte stavano vividha geya dezIomAM racAya che, paNa ahIM kavie akSarameLa chaMdane upayogamAM lIdho che. 24 kaDImAM kramazaH 24 tIrthakaronI je prazasti thaI che emAM tIrthakaronAM rUpa guNa, vANI, saMyama, kRpA

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112 | madhyakAlIna gujarAtI jaina sAhitya vagerene varNavIne AvA guNanidhinI kapAyAcanA karavAmAM AvI che. pratyeka kaDImAM kavie AMtaraprAsa-aMtyAnuprAsanI jANe ramajhaTa bolAvI che. uparAMta, varNasagAI, zabdAnuprAsa, yamaka Adi zabdAlaMkAra ane arthAlaMkAra kavi prayoje che. athaliMkAromAM rUpakonI pracuratA najare tarI Ave che : * vayaNarayaNakhANI, pApavallIkRpANI. * madanamada namAyA, krodhacodhA namAyA. bAramA tIrthakara vAsupUjyanI stuti-prazasti juo : jasa mukha-araviMdo UgIu kaI digaMdo, kiri abhinava caMdo putrimAnau amaMdo, nayaNa amiabiMdo jAsuM sevaI suriMdo, paya namia narido vAsupujajo niNaMdo. AloyaNagarbhita zrI sImaMdharajina vinati' (ra.I.1506)mAM aMta samaye bhAvuka dharmAtmAe karavAnI pApadoSonI AlocanA darzAvAI che. AvI pApaAlocanA pachI jIva nirmaLa banyAnI haLavAzano anubhava kare che ? * iNa pari pApa Aloi jea dubhavyAM re jIva ghora anaMta to. * tuma nAmiM huM nirmala thayo, mujha bhi gayo re pAtika taNo dura to. A uparAMta 5 DhALa ane 47 kaDInuM "AdinAtha vinati | AdIzvara jina chaMda vairAgya vinati | zatruMjaya stavana, zatruMjaya maMDana AdIzvara vinati' (ra.I. 1506) ema jude jude nAme oLakhAyeluM zatruMjaya tIrthanuM stavana maLe che. zabdAlaMkAra dhyAna kheMce che : jaya paDhama jisesara ati alavesara, AdIsvara tribhovanadhaNIya. zetruMja sukhakAraNa suNi bhavatAraNa vInataDI sevaka bhaNIya. A uparAMta 6 kaDInuM 'paMcatIrthanuM stavana', 19 kaDInuM rAjimatInA bAra mAsanA virahane varNavatuM neminAtha stavana', "AdinAtha bhAsa', 7 kaDInuM pAkSikacAtumasika-sAMvatsarika gIta.' 4 kaDInuM "jIbhalaDInuM gIta' jevAM stavano-gIto maLe che. lAvaNyasamaye je keTalIka sajhAyo lakhI che temAM 46 kaDInI "cauda supanAnI sajhAya', 9 kaDInI "Atmaprabodha sajhAyI puNyaphala sajhAya', 11 kaDInI "kAMkAnI bhAsa', 12 kaDInI dRDhaprahAramuni sajhAya', 14 kaDInI rukmiNInI sajhAya', 7 kaDInI "lobhanI sajhAya', 'zrAvakavidhi sajhAya', "dAnanI sajhAya', hitazikSA sajhAya" vagereno samAveza thAya che. stavana-sajhAyonI A yAdImAMthI hajI keTalIka apragaTa ja che ane hastapratonI yAdImAM noMdhAyelI maLe che. A rIte joI zakAze ke mukhyatve 16mI sadIno pUrvArdha jemano kavanakALa rahyo

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lAvaNyasamaya L 113 che evA lAvaNyasamaya emanI nAnImoTI bahusaMkhya ane svarUpavaividhyavALI racanAone kAraNe eka noMdhapAtra kavi Thare che. A gALAnA mukhyatayA jaine gujarAtI sAhityanA saMdarbhamAM zrI mohanalAla dalIcaMda dezAIe lAvaNyasamaya vize kahyuM che ke, "temaNe A samayamAM jeTalI suMdara kRtio racI che teTalI kRtio koI jaina kavie racI nathI. tethI A samayane lAvaNyasamaya yuga" e nAma ApIzuM to asthAne nahIM gaNAya." mane lAge che ke mohanalAla dezAInA A vidhAna sAthe saMmata thavuM ApaNe mATe paNa asthAne nahIM gaNAya. saMdarbha 1. kavi lAvaNyasamayanI laghu kAvyakRtio, saMpA. zivalAla jesalapurA, gUrjara graMtharatna kAryAlaya, amadAvAda, 1969. 2. kavi lAvaNyasamayaracita nemiraMgaratnAkara chaMda, saMpA. zivalAla jesalapurA, lA.da. bhAratIya saMskRti vidyAmaMdira, amadAvAda, 1965. 3. gujarAtI ahityakoza, khaMDa 1 (madhyakALa), mukhya saMpA. jayaMta koThArI, jayaMta gADIta, gujarAtI sAhitya pariSada amadAvAda, 1989 - "lAvaNyasamaya', 'vimalaprabaMdha/rAsa', nemiraMgaratnAkara chaMda/raMgaratnAkara neminAtha prabaMdha', neminAtha hamacaDI' ane karasaMvAda', kAntibhAI bI. zAha. 4. jaina gUrjara kavio. (saMzodhita-saMvardhita bIjI AvRtti), bhA. 1, saMgrAlka ane saMprayojaka mohanalAla dalIcaMda dezAI, saMpA. jayaMta koThArI, zrI mahAvIra jaina vidyAlaya, muMbaI, 1986. 5. jaina sAhityano saMkSipta itihAsa, mohanalAla dalIcaMda dezAI, zrI jaina zvetAmbara kaoNnpharansa oNphisa, muMbaI, 1933. 6. vimalaprabandha, saMpA. dhIrajalAla dha. zAha gujarAtI sAhitya sabhA, amadAvAda, 1965. 7. jainayuga, pu.pa. aMka 9-10, vaizAkha - jeTha saM.1986 - siddhAnta copAI, saMpA. mohanalAla da. dezAI.. 8. buddhiprakAza, oNkTo. 1931 - lAvaNyasamayakRta 'rAvaNamaMdodarI saMvAda', saMpA. mohanalAla da. dezAI. WWW.jainelibrary.org

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paMDita, rasajJa, sarjaka kavi jayavaMtasUri - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - jayaMta koThArI madhyakALanA sAhityanAM ApaNAM mUlyAMkano ghaNI vAra pramANabhUta banI rahetAM nathI. AnuM kAraNa e che ke madhyakALanI ApaNI samaja UNI paDe che. ApaNe cAlu abhiprAyothI doravAIe chIe ane khaMDadarzana karIne abhiprAyo bAMdhIe chIe. narasiMha, premAnaMda, zAmaLa jevA siddhaprasiddha kavionI to prazaMsA ja karavAnI hoya ema mAnIne ApaNe cAlIe ane emanI racanAonA nibaLa aMzonAM paNa ApaNAthI guNagAna thaI jAya, to sAme vizvanAtha jAnI, gaNapati, jayavaMtasUri jevA kavionA kharA UMcA kavitvane ApaNe pArakhI na zakIe ane emanI ucita kadara karavAmAM ApaNe saMkoca anubhavIe. hA, jayavaMtasUri vize AvuM ja thayuM che. emanI eka atyaMta suMdara kRti zRMgAramaMjarI'no pIeca.DI. mATe UMDo abhyAsa karanAra kanubhAI zeTha emane vize kahe che ke "e bhale pratibhAzALI kavi nathI, paNa eka sArA "rAsakavi' to che ja." A vidhAnamAM jayavaMtasUrinI pratibhAno svIkAra karavAmAM hicakicATa varatAya che. sArA rAsakavi te pratibhAzALI kavi nahIM ? kadAca, kanubhAI zeThane "sArA rAsakavi' e zabdaprayogamAM kathAkathananI zakti ja abhipreta che. paNa che ethI kaMIka juduM ja. jayavaMtasUrinI rAsakRtiono vizeSa paNa emAMnuM kAvyatva - varNana, bhAvanirUpaNa, alaMkAraprayojana, chaMda-layasiddhi, samasyA-subhASita-prAsaracanAdinuM kauzala vagere - che. kathAo to paraMparAgata che. jayavaMtasUri kavi pahelAM che ane rAsakAra pachI. sAcA ane pUrA arthamAM pratibhAzALI kahI zakAya evA kavi che. kAvyanAM sarva aMgonI emanI sajjatA asAdhAraNa che ane emanI rasadRSTi sateja che. madhyakAlIna gujarAtI sAhityamAM jemane gauravabharyuM sthAna ApavuM paDe evA e kavi kavi oLakha kavi potAne jayavaMta paMDita ke jayavaMtasUri tarIke oLakhAve che. pahelAM paMDitapada maLyuM haze, pachI sUripada. e potAnuM apanAma guNasaubhAgyasUri paNa Ape che. sUripada pachInuM A nAma hovAnI zakyatA che, paNa emaNe potAnI kRtiomAM potAne "jayavaMta paMDita" ke "jayavaMtasUri' tarIke ja oLakhAvavAnuM moTe

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paMDita, rasajJa, sarjaka kavi jayavaMtari D 115 bhAge pasaMda karyuM che. emanI ja kRtionA guTakAmAM (lA.da. bhAratIya saMskRti vidyAmaMdira hastaprata kramAMka 3558) keTalIka kRtione aMte 'sajana paMDita' evI nAmachApa maLe che, je kRtio anya sthAne "jayavaMta paMDita'ne nAme che. AthI "sajana paMDita' emaNe svIkAreluM upanAma hovAnuM samajAya che. e vaDatapagacchanI ratnAkara zAkhAnA sAdhu hatA. emanI kRtiomAM emanI guruparaMparA A rIte nirdezAI che : vijaya ratnasUri - dharmaratnasUri - vinayamaMDana upAdhyAya - jayavaMtasUri. gurunA e sauthI nAnA ziSya hatA (juo zRMgAramaMjarI. kaDI 2419 - "jayavaMta laghu sasa tAsa', kaDI 2422 - laghu sIsa bhUmiprasiddha; dharmalakSmIe lakhelI kAvyaprakAzavimarzinI TIkAnI pratane aMte - 'teSAM viyAntima sUri zrIjayavaMta) jayavaMtasUrinA samudAyanI vistRta guruziSya paraMparA - emanA gurubaMdhuo, gurunA gurubaMdhuo vagere - vizenA ullekhomAMthI judIjudI mAhitI maLe che. AthI A bAbata tapAsa mAge che, paNa ahIM enI carcA karavAnuM prayojana nathI. samaya ' kavinI jIvanaghaTanAonA samayanirdezo sAMpaDatA nathI. janma-mRtyu, dIkSA. paMDitapada ane sUripadanI prApti vagerenAM varSo kyAMya noMdhAyAM nathI. emano jIvanakALa emanI kRtionA jIvanakALane AdhAre ja nakkI karavAno rahe che. zRMgAramaMjarI1558mAM ane 'RSidattA rAsa 1587mAM racAyela che, temaja sImaMdharasvAmI lekha' Aso suda pUnama ne zukravAre lakhyAnuM kavie jaNAvyuM che, te tithi-vAra saM.1569 eTale I. 1543mAM paDe che (kanubhAI zeTha, prastA. pR.10). tethI kavino kavanakALa soLamI sadI madhyabhAga ane uttarArdha nizcita thAya che. jIvanakALa vizenA anya ekabe AdhAro paNa maLe che. 1531mAM thayelA zatruMjayauddhAra vakhate guru vinayamaMDananI sAthe jayavaMta paMDita paNa haze evuM mAnIne e vakhate emanI ochAmAM ochI uMmara 20 varSanI aMdAjavAmAM AvI che (mo. da. dezAI, jaina gUrjara kavio, bhA. 2 pR.71). bIjI bAju, emaNe jJAnabhaMDAramAM mukAvelI tathA emanI AjJAthI dharmalakSmI pravatinIe lakhelI gopAla bhaTTanI kAvyaprakAza' paranI 'vimazinI' TIkAnI prata 1596nI che. A rIte kavino jIvanakALa samagra soLamI sadImAM vistarato gaNAya. joke "zRMgAramaMjarI' pote laghu vaye racelI che ema jayavaMtasUrie kahyuM che. 1531mAM e vIsa varSanA hoya to zRMgAramaMjarI'nI racanA veLAe emanI uMmara 47 varSanI Thare. ethI zatruMjayauddhAra vakhate e upasthita hoya ane emanI uMmara vIsa varSanI hoya e hakIkata zaMkAspada bane che. laghu vaya' eTale vIsapacIsa varSa evo ja artha karIe to "sImaMdharasvAmI lekhanuM racanAvarSa 1543 paNa zaMkAspada Thare. kavine paMDitapada maLyAnuM varSa kanubhAI zeTha (prastA. pR.11) 1558

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116 D madhyakAlIna gujarAtI jaina sAhitya anumAne che. paraMtu A yathArtha nathI. emanA anumAnanA AdhAro bhUlabharelA che. e varSamAM racAyela be kRtiomAMthI eka "zRMgAramaMjarI'mAM kavi potAne "paMDita tarIke ane neminAtha bAramAsa velaprabaMdhamAM 'sUri' tarIke ullekha che tethI e varSanA aMtamAM kavine sUripadavI maLI haze evuM zeThe anumAna karyuM che. paraMtu "zRMgAramaMjarI" (kaDI 17)mAM "jayavaMtasUri' evo ullekha maLe ja che (joke keTalIka pratomAM "jayavaMta. paMDita' evo pATha che) ane "neminAtha bAramAsa velaprabaMdha'mAM racanAsamayano nirdeza nathI - sAMDesarAe "zRMgAramaMjarIne AdhAre e varSa mUkeluM che (emaNe "uSAharaNane aMte ApelI yAdImAM ghaNI kRtionAM varSa A rIte kavinI anya kRtinA racanAvarSane AdhAre enI AsapAsano samayagALo darzAvavA ApelAM che), jeno zeThe AdhAra lIdho che. Ama, kavine sUripadavI maLyAnuM varSa anirNAta ja rahe che. bAlabrahmacArI ? jayavaMtasUri bAlabrahmacArI hatA ema nipuNA dalAle (RSidattA rAsa, prastA. pR.3) noMdhyuM che. paNa je paMktione AdhAre emaNe Ama kahyuM che te paMktionuM emanuM arthaghaTana bhrAnta che. emaNe ApelI paMktio A mujaba che : neminAtha jayaMtI rAjali pahutI gaDha giranAri re, jayavaMtasUrisAmI tihAM milIla AbAla brahmacArI re. A paMktiomAM rAjulane giranAra para neminAtha - jayavaMtasUrinA svAmI - maLyA enI vAta che ane vastutaH neminAthane bAlabrahmacArI kahevAmAM AvyA che. jayavaMtasUri bAlabrahmacArI hoI zake paNa A paMktione AdhAre ema kahevAya nahIM. vidyAbhyAsa ane vidvattA jayavaMtasUrinA vidyAbhyAsane lagatI koI sIdhI mAhitI maLatI nathI. paNa potAnA guru vinayamaMDanane emaNe buddhimAM sarasvatI jevA ane vidyAmAM suragura bRhaspati jevA kahyA che (zRMgAramaMjarI, kaDI 14 tathA 2411) e jo aupacArika vacana na hoya to emaNe guru pAse ja vidyAbhyAsa karyo hoya ema bane. jayavaMtasUrinI kRtio emanI vidvattAnI sAkha pUre che. emAM saMskRta-prAkRta kAvyaparaMparAno gADha prabhAva che ane rasazAstra-alaMkArazAstra-kAvyazAstranI jANakArI paNa varatAya che. kAvyaprakAza' paranI gopAla bhaTTanI TIkAnI prata lakhAvIne emaNe jJAnabhaMDAramAM mukAvI hatI ane jayaMta vagere TIkAo paNa bhegI karI hatI e hakIkata paNa emane kAvyazAstramAM tIvra jijJAsA haze ane eno emaNe UMDo abhyAsa karyo haze ema batAve che. jayavaMtasUrie "kAvyaprakAza' para TIkA lakhI hatI evuM mohanalAla dalIcaMda dezAIe (jaina gUrjara kavio, bhA. 2 pR.72), kanubhAI zeThe (zRMgAramaMjarI, prastA. pR.4) tathA nipuNA dalAle (RSidattA rAsa, prastA. pR.4) noMdhyuM che. paraMtu A jaina

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paMDita, rasajJa, sarjaka kavi jayavaMtasUri ] 117 gUrjara kavio'mAM utArAyela e TIkAnI hastapratanI puSpikAnA khoTA arthaghaTananuM pariNAma che. e puSpikA A pramANe che : TIkA jayaMtamukhyA vilokya tatsagra N ca sAsagha, sahRdayamude prayatnAt zrIguNasaubhAgyasUriva. iti kAvyaprakAzavimazinyAM dazamaH ullAsaH. sAhityacakravartilauhityabhaTTagopAlaviracitAyAM Asan vRddha tapogaNe sAravaH zrIdharmaratnAhayAH taziSyA vinayamaNDanavAsteSAM vineyAntimaH, sUriH zrIjayavantaH eSaH guNasaubhAgyo'parAhvoDasti yaH citkoze samalIlikha vivaraNuM kAvyaprakAzasya sa. 1. zrIvinayamasnaguro[irA zizutve khavAtacAritrA, AryA vivekapUrva pravartinI sundarI jaze. 2. vivekalakSmIH tatsevAhevAkinyapyajAyata, tarniyA viyinI dharmalakSmIH prartinI. 3. TIkA kAvyaprakAzasya sA lilekha pramodataH guNasaubhAgyasUrINAM gurUNAM prApya zAsanam. 4. saMvata 1652 varSe poSa sudi 13 budhe samAptoDayuM grantha. A utArA parathI jaNAya che ke (1) A hastaprata vastutaH gopAlabhaTTa viracita 'kAvyaprakAzavimarzanI' nAmanI TIkAnI che, (2) e hastaprata dharmalakSmIe guNasaubhAgyasUri eTaleke jayavaMtasUrinI AjJAthI lakhela che, ane (3) jayavaMtasUrie e hastaprata citkoza jJAnabhaMDAramAM mukAvelI che. jayavaMtasUri 'kAvyaprakAza' paranI A TIkAnA kartA nathI e cokhkhuM che. kRtio jayavaMtasUrinI kRtio nIce mujaba che H sAhityacUDAmaNI zRMgAramaMjarI/ zIlavatIcaritra (1558) mukhyatve duhAdezIbaddha 51 DhALa ane 2423 kaDInI A rAsakRti kavinI sarvazreSTha kRti che. emAM vaNAyelI zIlamAhAtmyanI kathA to paraMparAprApta che paraMtu kavinI nema mAtra kathA kahevAnI nathI, e nimitte snehabhAvanuM gAna karavAnI, snehabhAvane vividha rIte Alokita karavAnI che. mATe to ene zRMgAramaMjarI' evuM nAma ApavAmAM AvyuM che. (nAmiI zRMgAramaMjarI, zIlavatInu rAsa) kRtinI eka pratanI puSpikAmAM maLatA zabdo A saMdarbhamAM noMdhapAtra che : "itizrI zIlavatIcaritragarbhitA zRMgAramaMjarI nAnA subhASitA samAmA.' snehabhAvane kavie Alokita karyo che saMyogazRMgAra ane tethIye vizeSa virahazRMgAranA savistara ane

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118 | madhyakAlIna gujarAtI jaina sAhitya hRdayaMgama nirUpaNathI temaja sneha ne enI sAthe saMbaddha viSayonAM thokabaMdha subhASitonI gUMthaNIthI. zRMgAranA AlekhanamAM paraspara premabhAvanI ane virahaduHkhanI uktio uparAMta vasaMtavihAra, samasyAcAturI vagerene samAvatI premagoSThi, saundarya-zaNagAravarNana, bAramAsI, vaSavarNana, caMdra, bapaiyo, sArasa vagerene saMbodhano, sakhI sAthe saMvAda, panihAM (abhilASanI uktio). aNakhiyAM (roSanI uktio), patralekhana Adi aneka prayuktio kavie yojI che, ane prasaMgAnurUpa gUMthAyelAM subhASitomAM snehanuM svarUpa, snehadazAnAM lakSaNo. virahadazAnAM lakSaNo, sajjanasneha, sajjana-durjanasvabhAva, sneha khAtara durjanasaMga vagere aneka viSayo AvarI lIdhA che. kRtino ardho bhAga to snehaviSayaka uktio-ugAro ne varNano roke che - sarasvatInuM paNa madanarAyanA maMdira rUpe navanava kaDI sudhI saundaryavarNana thAya che, snehatattvanI sugaMdha kRtinI rageragamAM vyApI rahe che ane kRtine kathanapradhAnane sthAne varNana-bhAvanirUpaNapradhAna banAve che. zRMgArane anuSaMge AvelAM varNano uparAMta nagaravarNana, vanavarNana. sainyavarNana prabhAtavarNana vagere anya varNano kavi Ape che ane saundaryavarNanamAM kezapAza, stana vagerenAM varNano, vividha upamAnono Azraya laIne kaDIo sudhI vistAre che te kavino utkaTa varNanarasa batAve che. vistRta varNano ne bhAvanirUpaNo. subhASitonI pracuratA ne emAM rUDhoktio, kahevato ne samarthaka dRSTAMtono viniyoga, alaMkAraracanAnI bahulA ane vidagdhatA, samasyAonI prakArabhinnatA, kUTatA ane kAvyamayatA, vividha chaMdo ane dezIo tathA emanI bhAvAnurUpatA, kauzalyabharI ane saMtata prAsaracanAo. camatkRtipUrNa ane punarukti-Azrita padavinyAso - A sarva jayavaMtasUrinA pAMDityanAM ja nahIM, emanI UbharAtI sarjakatAnAM paNa oLakhapatro che. zRMgAramaMjarI'nI kathA paraMparAprApta che, paNa e kautukabharI ane rasika che. pazupaMkhInI bolInuM jJAna dharAvatI zIlavatI rAtriveLAe ziyALanI lALI sAMbhaLI nadImAM taratA zaba para rahelAM pAMca ratna levA jAya che tethI eno pati ajitasena enA para vahemAya che ane eno tyAga kare che. zIlavatIne piyara vaLAvavA jatAM tenA sasarA ratnAkarane rastAmAM zIlavatInA A jJAnanI jANa thAya che ane zIlavatInI nirdoSatAnI khAtarI thAya che. uparAMta keTalIka ghaTanAothI zIlavatInAM cAturya tathA DahApaNanI pratIti thAya che. e zIlavatIne laIne pAchA vaLe che, ajitasanano vahema nirmULa kare che ane patipatnI vacce snehanI majabUta gAMTha baMdhAya che. ajitasena zIlavatInI madadathI rAjAe pUchelA savAlonA sAcA uttaro Ape che ne mukhyapradhAnapada prApta kare che. te pachI ajitasenane rAjAnI sAthe yuddhamAM javAnuM thatAM banne premIone virahanI veLA Ave che. zIlavatI ajitasenane potAnA zIlanA pramANa rUpe aplAna rahetuM paDA Ape che. A vAta jANavA maLatAM

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paMDita, rasajJa, sarjaka kavi jayavaMtasUri D 119 rAjAne strInA akhaMDa zIlavata para vizvAsa besato nathI ane zIlavatIne zIlabhaMga karavA potAnA cAra pradhAnone mokale che. zIlavatIe yuktipUrvaka e cAreyane moTA UMDA khADAmAM phasAvyA. rAjA vijaya meLavI pAcho Avyo tyAre ene bhojana mATe nimaMtrI cAre pradhAnone yakSo tarIke zaNagArI rajU karyA. rAjAe yakSonI mAgaNI karatAM ene soMpyA. rAjAne potAnA pradhAnonI oLakha thaI ane zIlavatInA zIlane pramANI eNe enI prazaMsA karI. snehanI ja nahIM paNa buddhicAturyanI banI rahelI A kathAmAM pAtAlasuMdarInI eka vistRta kathA strInI cAritryazithilatAnA dRSTAMta tarIke joDavAmAM AvI che, je aMte to zIlavatInA dRDha cAritryapAlanano mahimA vadhAre che. enI atisuMdaratAne kAraNe rAjAe potAnI rANIne pAtALagRhamAM - bhoMyarAmAM rAkhelI che. sArthavAha anaMgadevane A hakIkatanI jANa thatAM rAjA sAthe maitrI bAMdhI, aMtaHpurano paricaya meLave che ane suraMga vATe pAtAlasuMdarI sudhI pahoMce che. pAtAlasuMdarI enA premane vaza thAya che, eka vakhate sArthavAhane tyAM ja rAjAne bhojana mATe nimaMtrI pote ene pIrase che, rAjAnA manamAM zaMkAno kIDo utpanna kare che paNa pakaDAtI nathI ne aMte sArthavAha sAthe bhAgI nIkaLe che. rastAmAM anaMgadevanA nAnA bhAI pratye AkarSAyelI pAtAlasuMdarIe anaMgadevane dariyAmAM dhakelI daI sukaMTha sAthe vilAsa mAMDyo. sukaThe paNa ene pachIthI choDI ane vezyA banI e narkagatine pAmI. kautukarasika A kathAmAM ajitasena-zIlavatI, sArthavAha-pAtAlasuMdarInI snehAsakti. rAjA-sArthavAhanI maitrIprIti, zIlavatInuM buddhicAturya, sArthavAhapAtAlasuMdarInI kapaTakaLA - vagerene suMdara uThAva ApI kavie ene vadhu manorama banAvI che. varNana-bhAvanirUpaNane prAdhAnya ApavA chatAM kathArasamAM jayavaMtasUrie ochapa AvavA dIdhI nathI. RSidanA rAsa (1587). | mukhyatve duhAdezIbaddha 41 DhALa ane pa34 kaDInI A rAsakRti karmaphaLanI anivAryatA darzAvatI paraMparAprApta kathA che. emAM subhASitono mahArAzi nathI, varNanono vaibhava nathI, upamAnonI hAramALA nathI, bhAvanirUpaNano vistAra nathI - 41 DhALa chatAM kRtinuM nAnuM kada A vAta kahI de che - topaNa emAM kavino vizeSa kathAkathanamAM che ema kahI zakAze nahIM. kavie ahIM paNa snehabhAvane kendramAM rAkhyo che ane e snehabhAva potAnI AgavI AbhA laIne Ave che. e snehabhAva ati utkaTa che, ekaniSTha che, vizvAsapUrNa che te sAthe ardhva che, mRdu che, mulAyama che. vividha prakAranA snehasaMbaMdha ahIM paNa kavie Alekhyo che - RSidattAkanakarathano strIpuruSaprema - dAmpatyaprema. yuvAna muninA puruSaveze rahetI RSidattA ane kanakarathano mitraprema tathA pitA hariSaNa ane RSidattAno vAtsalyaprema. puruSonI smahAddhatA e A kRtino vizeSa che. kanakaratha priya patnInA viyoge jhUre che,

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120 D madhyakAlIna gujarAtI jaina sAhitya baLI maravA taiyAra thAya che, to mitraviyoge paNa bhAre avasAda anubhave che. hariSaNanA sAdhujIvanamAM paNa putrI pratye evI Asakti che ke putrIne sAsare javAnuM thatAM e bhAMgI paDe che ne AtmahatyA vahore che. A kRtimAM paNa saMyogazRMgAra alpa AlekhAyo che ane virahazRMgAra - AkarSaNa, utsukatA, smaraNa, viyogadukha vagere rUpe - kaMIka vistArathI ane vAraMvAra AlekhAyo che paNa te uparAMta judA judA prasaMge raudra, bIbhatsa, bhayAnaka, abhuta ane zAMta rasanAM citro doravAnI taka paNa kavie lIdhI che. A rIte hAsya ane vIra sivAyanA sarva raso ahIM sthAna pAmyA che ema kahevAya. saMkSipta paNa vastudyotaka varNano, bahudhA paraMparAgata paNa citravidhAyaka ane bhAvapoSaka alaMkAro, prasaMgAnurUpa subhASitonI gUMthaNI, rUDhoktio, laukika dRSTAMto A badhuM ahIM che ja ne vadhArAmAM thoDoka vistRta dharmabodha - karmaphaLa, saMsAranI asAratA vagere vizeno - paNa che, paraMtu kRtinI bhAvasuSamAM avichinna rahe che. anurUpa chaMda-layayojanA emAM upakAraka bane che. kathA kautukarasika che ne kaMIka ghaTanAbahula paNa che. kAberI nagaranI rAjakuMvarI rakhimaNIne paraNavA jato rAjakuMvara kanakaratha rastAmAM, tApasajIvana gALatA hariSaNanI putrI RSidattAthI AkarSAya che. ane ene paraNe che. harirSaNanI patnI mRtyu pAmI hatI ane sAdhujIvana svIkAryA pachI putrIno janma thavAthI anya munioe emano saMga choDI dIdho hato. pariNAme e ekalavAyuM jIvana jIvatA hatA ane emane mATe putrI ja jANe jIvananuM avalaMbana hatI. AthI putrIne jamAIne soMpIne e agnipravezapUrvaka mRtyune vare che. pitAnA mRtyuthI duHkhita RSidattAne sAMtvana ApI kakaratha ene potAne nagara laI jAya che. A bAju RSidattAne kAraNe kanakarathathI tarachoDAvAthI rakhimaNi enA para krodhe bharAya che ne enA para vera levA yojanA ghaDe che. e tulasA yoginIne sAdhe che, je ripumadana nagarImAM hatyAno AtaMka phelAvI RSidattA para enuM ALa caDAve che. kanakarathane RSidattA para vizvAsa hovA chatAM enA pitA sulatAnI kapaTajALamAM phasAI RSidattAne kADhI mUke che. RSidattA vanamAM pitAnA AzramamAM pitAe Apela auSadhithI puruSa banI aniveze rahe che. have kanakaratha mATe rUkhimaNinuM pharIne mAguM Ave che. pitA kanakarathane dabANa karI paraNavA mokale che. rastAmAM vanamAM muniveze rahelI RSidattAno meLApa thAya che ane enA vyaktitvathI e aMjAya che. ene potAnI sAthe kAberI nagarI laI jAya che. tyAM lagna pachI rukhimaNi kanakaratha samakSa pote RSidattA para kevI rIte vera vALyuM eno ghaTasphoTa kare che ane kanakaratha AghAta pAmI baLI maravA taiyAra thAya che. munize rahelI RSidarA pote yamane tyAM jaI RSidarAne mokalaze evuM ene AzvAsana ApI vAre che ane paDadA pAchaLa jaI potAnuM asala rUpa dhAraNa karI e

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paMDita, rasajJa, sarjaka kavi jayavaMtasUri D 121 kanakaratha pAse pratyakSa thAya che. A rIte kanakarathane RSidattAno meLApa thayo paNa muni mitrano viyoga ane satata DaMkhato hato, tethI RSidattAe aMte enuM rahasya pragaTa karyuM ane khimaNine mApha karI potAnA sarakhI ja gaNavAnuM mAgI lIdhuM. A pachI e traNe rathamadanapura gayAM. pitA hemarathe RSidattAnI mAphI mAgI kanakarathane rAjya soMpI, saMyamajIvana svIkAryuM. jayavaMtasUrie A kathAne eka praNayakathA tarIke uThAva Apyo che. pAtracitraNa tarapha vadhAre lakSa ApI hariSaNanI vAtsalyaprItine, kanakarathanI snehAddhatAne, vanabAlikA RSidattAnA komala, udAra, sakala sRSTi pratye prema dharAvatA vyaktitvane, khimaNinAM asUyA ane verabhAvane tathA sulasAnI duSTatA ane bhayaMkaratAne mUrtimaMta karyA che. prema, premabhaMga, dveSa, vera AdinA saghaLA. prasaMgone ghaTato nyAya ApI eka rasabharI sughaDa kathAnuM nirmANa karyuM che. "zRMgAramaMjarI'mAM jayavaMtasUrinI kavipratibhAno UchaLato unmatta pravAha che. to 'RSidattA rAsa'mAM sthira, samathaLa pravAha che, je e kRtine eka ramaNIya racanA rUpe dhyAnArha banAve che. sthUlibhadra mohanavali (1587) 325 graMthAjhanI A kRti mudrita thaI nathI ane enA vize vizeSa mAhitI prApya nathI. sthUlibhadra caMdrAyaNi 147 kaDInI A kRti be khaMDamAM vaheMcAyelI che. prathama khaMDamAM sthUlibhadra-kozAnAM milana ane saMyogazRMgAranuM Alekhana thayuM che. bIjA khaMDamAM sthUlibhadranA rAjamaMtrIpada na svIkAratAM dIkSA laI levAnA prasaMganuM, kozAnA virahazRMgAranuM ane sthUlibhadra ene bhavane cAtumasa gALavA AvatAM enA pratibodhanuM Alekhana thayuM che. zikArethI pAchA vaLatA sthUlibhadra kozAnI najare caDe che ane e moha pAme che tyAMthI vRttAMta zarU thAya che. saMyogazRMgAramAM AliMgana Adi kAmaceSTAonuM prabala Alekhana A kRtinI vizeSatA jaNAya che. kozAnA mukhathI mAMDIne kezapAza, netra, kapola, adhara, kaMTha, hasta, kaTi, nAbhi, jaMghA vagere sarva aMgonI zobhAnuM varNana thayuM che te emAMnI rasika vigato ane ramaNIya alaMkAraracanAone kAraNe dhyAnAkarSaka banyuM che. kRtinI bhASAmAM rAjasthAnI, hiMdI uparAMta phArasI zabdaprayogone kAraNe eka judo ja raNako Avyo che. neminAtha rAjimatI bAramAsa vela prabaMdha toTaka-duhA-dezIbaddha 129 kaDInuM A kAvya sAhityika paraMparA anusAra bAra mAsanuM varNana kare che te uparAMta varSAcAtumasa, zItacAturmAsa ane grISmacAtumasino nirdeza karI RtuvarNananA kAvya tarIke paNa ApaNI samakSa rajU thAya che. 81 kaDI sudhI zrAvaNathI zarU karI bAra mAsanuM varNana thayuM che, temAM WWW.jainelibrary.org

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122 madhyakAlIna gujarAtI jaina sAhitya prakRtivarNana karatAM virahabhAvanirUpaNa tarapha kavie vadhAre lakSa ApyuM che ne prakRtivarNana paNa zRMgAranI paribhASAmAM thayuM che. 81 kaDI pachI to mukhyatve rAjimatInA virahoddagAro ja che, jemAM eka dagdha strIhRdaya rajU thAya che. neminAtha pratyenA upAlaMbho, kaTAkSono Azraya paNa emAM levAyelo che. aMte joke rAjimatI neminAthanuM dharmazaraNa svIkAre che. alaMkAromAM pAMca pAMca zabdo sudhI vistaratA yamaka ane sAMga rUpakanI racanA, avAranavAra prayojAyelI caraNasAMkaLI, bhAvAvegamAM vraja-hiMdImAM sarI javAnI rIti, dRSTAMtAzrita moMktio, praznakAkuo - AvuM keTaluMka kAvyane bhAvamanorama uparAMta zailIvicitrita banAve che. sthUlibhadra kozA premavilAsa phAga 41 kaDInuM A kAvya "phAganI DhAla" ke "cAla'ne nAme oLakhAvAyela duhA ane kAvya'ne nAme oLakhAvAyela jhUlaNAnA 17 mAtrAnA uttarArdhanA banela caMdra chaMdamAM racAyeluM che. emAM vasaMtaRtumAM kozAnI virahavedanA AlekhAI che ane samagra kAvya lagabhaga kozAnA uddagAra rUpe cAle che. abhilASa, pratIkSA, talasATa, saMtApa, smaraNa, ekalatAnI pIDA vagere aneka manobhAvone sovedhaka alaMkArokti ane anya prayuktiothI abhivyakta karatI A kRti kevaLa rasAtmaka banI rahe che. sthUlibhadra - bhale muniveze - AvatAM kozA ullAsa pAme che e hakIkata sAthe kAvya pUruM thAya che. eTaleke kozAnA pratibodha sudhI kAvya jatuM nathI. AraMbhe kevaLa sarasvatIne vaMdanA che ane aMte dinadina sajana meLAvaDo, e suNatAM sukha hoI e jAtanI phalazruti che. Ama badhI rIte kAvya dharmabodhanA tattvathI mukta rahyuM che ane ene sAMsArika premanI madhura racanA tarIke AsvAdI zakAya che. nemijina stavana/phAga 40 kaDInI A kRti mukhyatve duhA-dezIbaddha che ne emAM phAga (AMtarayamakavALo duho) ane "kAvyono paNa viniyoga thayo che. kRti vasaMtamAM neminAthanI kRSNanI rANIo sAthenI vanakrIDA, rAjulane paraNavA jatAM pazuono ArtanAda sAMbhaLI pAchA vaLI neminAthe lIdhelI dIkSA, rAjulanI virahAvasthA ane aMte neminAtha dvArA eno pratibodha vagere prasaMgone AvarI le che. vanakelinuM tAjagIbharyuM ramatiyALa citraNa, rAjimatInA rUpazaMgAranuM manamohaka ullAsaUchaLatuM varNana. emAM 29 caraNa sudhI eka ja prAsa yojI nirmita karelI zabdacamatkRti, rAjimatInAM Atmavedana ane neminAtha pratyenA upAlaMbhothI sabhara mArmika virahoddagAro vagerethI A kAvya, dharmabodhamAM pariNamatuM hovA chatAM, ramaNIya banyuM che. sImaMdharasvAmI lekha | sImaMdharajina stavana 2 DhALa ane 39 kaDInI A kRti sImaMdharasvAmIne patra rUpe che.

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paMDita, rasajJa, sarjaka kavi jayavaMtari 123 sImaMdhasvAmInA guNakamalathI kavino manabhramara vIMdhAyelo che. paNa sImaMdharasvAmI to paradezamAM - judA ja dezamAM vasanArA che. emanI sAthe meLApa kema bane? tethI A patra. sImaMdharasvAmIne "vahAlA" kahIne lakhAyelA A patramAM patralekhakanA guNAnurAgitA, guNagaNanAnI akSamatA, sImaMdharasvAmI-rUpamugdhatA, premaparavazatA, virahavyAkuLatAArata, milanayoganI duSkaratA, saMdezo pahoMcADavAnI vimAsaNa, sAmo saMdezo mokalavAnI ne darzana devAnI, saMbhALa levAnI vinaMtI vagere bhAvo hRdayaMgama rIte vyakta thayA che, prAsAdika, bhAva-arthapoSaka upamAdRSTAMtAdikano sAhajika viniyoga ghaNo asarakAraka banyo che, ane kRti premalakSaNAbhaktibhAvanI eka rasasabhara racanA banI che. sImaMdharajina vinati caMdrAkalA | lekha 27 kaDInI A kRtinI vizeSatA eno caMdrAvaLA-baMdha che. enI bhAvasRSTi to uparanI kRtimAM che te ja che. keTalAka udgAro maLatA paNa Ave che, to ghaNe sthAne e ja vAta judI abhivyakti paNa pAmI che. eka ne eka viSayane judIjudI - navanavI rIte AlekhavAnI kavinI kSamatAnAM A be kAvyo suMdara udAharaNo che. bAra bhAvanA sajhAya 13 DhALa ane 39 kaDInI A kRti kevaLa sAMpradAyika kahI zakAya evI kRti. che. e tattvabodhAtmaka kRti che. emAM adhyAtmamArgamAM sAyarUpa thanAra, jaina saMpradAyasaMmata bAra bhAvanAo - aniyatA Adi bhAvanAo - nuM saMkSipta nirUpaNa che. dareka bhAvanAmAM eno Azraya karIne muktimArge gayelA munivarano ullekha karyo che. rAvaNanA pratApa-prabhAvanuM varNana, kvacit satata prAsano prayoga, kvacit zabdone bevaDAvavAnI rIti, kvacit upamA-dRSTAMtano viniyoga - e kavitvaguNo ahIM najare paDe che, paNa ethI kRtinI sAMpradAyikatA, bodhAtmakatAmAM kazo pharaka paDato nathI. locana kAjala saMvAda 18 kaDInI A kRti jovA maLI nathI, paNa "saMvAda' prakAranI racanA para paNa jayavaMtasUrie hAtha ajamAvyo che eno e dAkhalo che. gIto 80 jeTalI saMkhyAmAM maLatAM gIto viSaya ane rUparacanAnuM keTaluMka vaividhya batAve che. emAM tIrtho, tIrthakaro. padmAvatI vagere devIo vizenAM tathA dharmabodhanAM gIto che ane rUpakakAvya, dRSTAMtakAvya. stutikAvya, snehormikAvya, patrakAvya vagere prakAro jovA maLe che. tIrtho vizenAM kAvyomAM bahudhA je-te tIrthanuM mAhAbhya batAveluM che, kvacit nAmamAlA paNa racI che. tIrthaMkaro vizenAM gItomAM bahudhA prazasti ane prArthanA che, kvacit kAyAnAM mApa jevI vigato paNa gUMthI che.

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124 | madhyakAlIna gujarAtI jaina sAhitya dharmabodhanAM gItomAM rUpakakAvya ane dRSTAMtakAvyanA namUnA jaDe che - dharmane pravahaNa (vahANa)nuM rUpaka ApI racanA karI che ane karNa, netra, nAsikA, sparza, jillA e. IndriyonI paravazatA darzAvavA haraNa, pataMgiyuM, bhramara, hAthI, popaTanI sthiti varNavI che. paNa gItomAM adhajhAjherAM to tema-rAjula ne sthUlibhadra-kozAviSayaka che. jemAM rAjula ne kozAnA virahoddagAro che, koI vAra sakhI sAtheno saMvAda che ne koI vAra patrapaddhatino paNa viniyoga thayo che. gItane aMte AvatI pratibodhanI vAtane bAju para rAkhIe to A zuddha snehormikAvyanA namUnA che, alabatta emAM bhaktino pAsa lAgelo che. koIka virahagIta nAmasaMdarbha vinAnAM paNa che. A badhAmAM virahI strInI manodazA AbAda citrita thaI che. enAM rIsa, roSa, saMtApa, nirAzA, paravazatA, asahAyatA, ekalatA. priyatama pratyenA kaTAkSa, upAlaMbha vagerene coTadAra mamoMktio - ghaNIye vAra dRSTAMtAzrita uktio - thI AphlAdaka vAcA maLI che. sArthapatinA kozA pratyenA AkarSaNane nirUpatuM eka gIta ahIM che ane sthUlibhadranA kAmavijayane rUpakAtmaka rIte varNavatuM gIta paNa che. gItomAM keTalIka vAra thUlibhadrAdinAM, tIrthakaronAM, devIonAM prabhAvaka varNana thayelAM che, upamAdi alaMkArono subhaga viniyoga thayo che ane dhuvA, prAsa, zabdapunarAvartana, caraNasAMkaLI vagerenI camatkRtino paNa lAbha levAmAM Avyo che. gujarAtI gItomAM hiMdInI chAMTa hovA uparAMta chaTAdAra hiMdImAM racAyelAM thoDAMka gIto paNa che. kavilakSaNa jayavaMtasUrinI kavi tarIkenI vizeSatAo ane emanI kavizaktino have paricaya karIe. zuddha kAvyadRSTi : maMgalAcaraNo ane phalazrutio jayavaMtasUri jaina sAdhukavi che. eTale dharmabodhanuM tattva emanI racanAomAM svAbhAvika rIte ja Ave. emanI banne rAsakRtiomAM nAyakanAyikA aMte dIkSA le che, neminAtha ane sthUlibhadra vizenAM gIto aMte saMyamajIvananI vAta para AvI Thare che ne rAsakRtimAM prasaMgopAtta dharmabodha vaNAyo che. paraMtu kevaLa dharmabodhanI ne sAMpradAyika kahI zakAya evI emanI kRti bahu thoDI che - thoDAM gIto ane bAra bhAvanA sajhAya' mAtra. tIrthakarone anulakSIne karelI emanI racanAo paNa prabaLapaNe bhAvAtmaka che. ghaNI vAra e premabhaktinI racanAo banI AvI che, to zRMgAramaMjarI' "RSidattA rAsa tathA rAjula ne kozAnAM gItomAM neharasanI je jamAvaTa jovA maLe che te to ananya che. "sthUlibhadra kozA premavilAsa phAga' jevI keTalIka kRtio to jaina kathAsaMdarbhane bAda karatAM narI kAvyakRti ja che - e jaina

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paMDita, rasajJa, sarjaka kavi jayavaMtasUri 125 sAdhukavinI racanA hovAnI emAM bIjI koI nizAnI nathI. A badhAmAMthI jayavaMtasUrinI zuddha kAvyadraSTi nItarI Ave che. jayavaMta sUrinI zuddha kAvyadRSTinA saMdarbhe emanI kRtionAM maMgalAcaraNo ane phalazrutionI noMdha levA jevI che. ekamAtra "RSidattA rAsamAM maMgalAcaraNamAM sarasvatInI sAthe Adijinezvarane ke paMcaparameSThIne vaMdanA che, joke tyAMye sarasvatIne vistArathI vaMdanA karI che. zRMgAramaMjarI'mAM sarasvatI sAthe gurune vaMdanA che. anya kRtimAMthI bemAM kazuM maMgalAcaraNa nathI. bAkInI sarva kRtiomAM maMgalAcaraNamAM kevaLa sarasvatInuM smaraNa-vaMdana che, "bAra bhAvanA sajhAya' jevI sAMpradAyika dharmabodhanI kRtimAM paNa. Ama, haMmezAM sarasvatI vaMdanA - ghaNI vAra to kevaLa sarasvatIne vaMdanA e jayavaMtasUrinI zuddha utkaTa vidyAprItino saMketa kare che. kRti bhaNavAnuNavAnuM - enuM paThanaadhyayana karavAnuM ne ene sAMbhaLavAnuM phaLa te phalazruti. keTalIka kRtiomAM AvI spaSTa phalazruti che ja nahIM. jemake zRMgAramaMjarI'mAM kathAsamApanamAM zIlapratApa varNavyo che ne zIlapAlananAM phaLa batAvyAM che - sarva vighno TaLe, manavAMchita sukha maLe, jayalakSmI vare vagere. paNa kRtinA paThana-zravaNanuM koI phaLa batAvyuM nathI. kemarAjula bAramAsa vela prabaMdha'mAM rasALa jinaguNa sAMbhaLatAM AhalAda, anaMtI Rddhi ane maMgalamAlAnI prApti thAya evI phalazruti che. "RSidattA rAsa'mAM janma pavitra thAya ane sarva AzAo phaLe evI phalazruti che. to "bAra bhAvanA sajhAya" jevI sAMpradAyika dharmabodhanI kRtimAM ane "sthUlibhadra caMdrAyaNi'mAM sukhasaMpadanI prAptinI ja phalazruti kahevAmAM AvI che tathA "sthUlibhadra kozA premavilAsa phAgamAM svajanamilananA sukhanuM phaLa batAvavAmAM AvyuM che. joI zakAya che ke jayavaMtasUrie kRtinA zravaNapaThana sAthe dhArmika-AdhyAtmika phaLane joDavAnuM khAsa icchavuM nathI. emanI phalazrutio. vyApaka binasAMpradAyika-binadhArmika svarUpanI che. kyAMka sAMsArika kahevAya evI paNa che. Ane jayavaMtasUrinA manamAM kAvyano rasabhoga ja kAvyanuM ziramora prayojana hovAno saMketa lekhI zakAya. A rIte, jayavaMtasUrinI racanAomAM emanA sAdhutva karatAM emanuM kavitva vadhu nikharI rahe che ane kAvyarasabhogIone mATe to e kavi ja banI rahe evI emanI rasadRSTi - kalAdraSTi che. zAstrajJa, lokavyavahArajJa ane rasajJa kavi jayavaMtasUri paMDita kavi che, zAstrajJa, lokavyavahArajJa ane rasajJa kavi che, eTaleke jemaNe loka, zAstra ane kAvyanuM avekSaNa karyuM hoya evA kavi che. kAvyaprakAzanI TIkAo bhegI karavAmAM kAvyazAstranI, daza smaradazA - virahadazAnI gaNanAmAM kAmazAstra - rasazAstranI, vividha zakunonAM phala noMdhavAmAM zakuna zAstranI, dvivyastajAti, sarvatobhadrajAti, vardhamAnAkSarajAti,

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120 D madhyakAlIna gujarAtI jaina sAhitya apavrutijAti jevA aneka samasyAbaMdho nAmanirdezapUrvaka prayojavAmAM samasyAzAstranI, saMkhyAbaMdha rAgonA nirdezomAM saMgItazAstranI - ema jAtabhAtanI vidyAonI kavinI abhijJatA dekhAya che. "zRMgAramaMjarI'nAM nagaravarNana tathA vanakelivarNanamAM kavinA dRSTikemerAe jhIlelI lAkSaNika mAnavaceSTAonI chabIo temaja DahApaNa bhaya subhASito ne lokaparicita upamAno emanA saMsAravyavahAranA bArIka nirIkSaNanAM phaLa che. kavinA - kAvyaparaMparAnA paricayanI to zI vAta karavI ? e to pragADha che. RtuvarNano zuM ke rasanirUpaNo zuM, alaMkAraracanAo zuM ke uktibhaMgio zuM - sarvatra saMskRta-prAkRta sAhityanI sugaMdha anubhavAya che. "RSidattA rAsa'mAM RSidattAnI pitAnA AzramethI vidAya kAlidAsanA "zAkuntala'mAMnI zakuMtalAnI vidAyane yAda karAve che. aNakhiyAM, panihAM, bAramAsI vagere kAvyaprakAro, prAsa, dhuvA, padaracanAnAM vaicihyo - e badhuM kAvyaparaMparA sAthenuM gADha anusaMdhAna batAve che. madhyakALamAM to virala kahevAya evI kavinI sajjatA parakhAya che. AvA kavine potAnI kRtionA vAcaka-zrotA paNa kevA rasajJa joIe ? ethI ja e "zRMgAramaMjarI'ne AraMbhe rasajJa zrotAno mahimA kare che - zAstra karatA dohilA, dohilA vaktA hoi, te pahiM zrotA thoDilA, mahImaMDali ko joi. 18 sujana vistaraI sahu disi, kavIyaNa sarasa prabaMdha, saravara prasavai kamalanaI, samira vadhAraI gaMdha. 19 gAhA mahilAIMDaluM, aNarasII na jaNAI, rasIA jimajima kelavai, timatima adhikAM thAI. 24 sarasa subhASita samitimAM, sahu ko samaI bhayaMti. tasa haiDU paramatya siuM, te ko chayala lahati. 27. ane mUrkha - ajJAna zrotAno tiraskAra kare che - murakha pabhaNaI chayalamAM lakSaNa-chaMda-vihI, sirachedauM jANaI nahIM, bhamUhi kodaMDi daNa. 28 gAhA gIya sumAMNasaha, rasa navi jANyA jeNa, tiNi murakhi nija dIhaDA, nIMgamIA AleNa. 31 murakha na lahaI bhAva ke, kADhaI kavIyaNa dosa,. kAmini zuSka-payodharA so itiuM dharai roSa. 33 paMDita, paNa kavi. zAstra, paNa rasajJa. e samasyA jevA buddhicAturyanA khelamAMye rasika saMdarbha dAkhala kare che - gaNitanI samasyAmAMye zRMgArakIDA ANe

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paMDita, rasajJa, sarjaka kavi jayavaMtasUri B 127 mahilA helAnirata suratarasasamariM bhaDatAM, muSTimuSTi prahAra, hAra aMgoaMgi aDatAM, tUTale kalahiM lAgi, bhAga trIjaI bhuMI paDIuM, paIThaI seji vicAli paMcama raDakhaDiu. chaThau ti kAmini karakamali, dasamU ti prIuDaI aNasariuM, cha sUtra motI dekhI, te hAra ketAM parivarila. kautukarasika kathAo paNa kathArasa mahattvano nahIM jayavaMtasUrinI banne rAsakRtionI kathA kautukarasika che. emAM kathArasa paNa paryApta mAtrAmAM che - kathArasiyAo tRpta thAya eTalo. paNa jayavaMtasUrine mana kathArasa eTalo mahattvano nathI. kathArasa karatAM pAtracitraNa vadhAre mahattvanuM che, pAtracitraNa karatAM varNanarasa vadhAre mahattvano che ne varNanarasa karatAMye manobhAvarasa vadhAre mahattvano che. kavi subhASitamAM samasyAcAturImAM, chaMdala prAsaracanAmAM, alaMkAradRSTAMtavaicitramAM, tathA zabdasaundaryamAM paNa ghaNo rasa dharAve che. kathAgrathanamAM ke kathAkathanamAM emanuM viziSTa kauzala nathI. kathAmAM keTaluMka achaDatuM ane adhdhara rahI jAya che, keTaluMka utAvaLe cAlatuM jaNAya che, keTaluMka asvAbhAvika paNa pratIta thAya che. zIlavatIne rAtre bahAra jatI joIne eno khulAso pUchaDyA vagara Ajatasena ene kADhI mUkavAno nirNaya laI le, kharuM kAraNa ApyA vinA, teDAvavAno patra Avyo che ema kahI ene piyara vaLAvavAmAM Ave ane zIlavatI patinuM mana oLakhI javA chatAM kazo khulAso karyA vinA javA taiyAra thaI jAya - A badhuM asvAbhAvika che. rukhimaNine paraNavA nIkaLelo kanakaratha rastAmAM rokAI jAya, RSidattAnA premamAM paDe. enI sAthe lagna kare, tyAM rahe, RSidattAnA pitA e daramiyAna ja agnipraveza kare ane ajitasena kAberI nagarI gayA vinA, tyAM kazuM jaNAvyA vinA pAcho pharI jAya e ghaTanAo paNa kaMIka a-sAmAnya lAge che. lokavArtAomAM svAbhAvikatAnI, susaMgatatAnI jhAjhI apekSA nathI hotI e kharuM paNa jayavaMtasUri jevA paMDita kavi A ghaTanAone svAbhAvikatA arpavA kaMIka kare evI apekSA to rahe ja - e kaMI lAghavamAM mAnatA nathI - paNa e apekSA saMtoSAtI nathI. "zRMgAramaMjarI'mAM to badhe vakhate kathAbhAga jhaDapathI ATopAI jAya che ane kavi subhASitavANImAM tathA manobhAvanirUpaNamAM sarI paDe che. kathA jANe eka khIMTI hoya evuM lAge che. nAyikApradhAna kathAo e noMdhapAtra che ke jayavaMtasUrinI banne rAsakRtio nAyikApradhAna che. kRtionAM zIrSaka - "zIlavatI caritra' ane "RSidarA rAsa' - mAM e darzAvAyuM che ane kathAo mULabhUtapaNe satIcaritranI che, paNa te sivAya kavie nAyaka karatAM nAyikAnAM vyaktitvane vadhAre prabhAvaka rIte AlekhyAM che. ApaNA mana para

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128 D madhyakAlIna gujarAtI jaina sAhitya nAyikAo ja chAI rahe che. e ja vizeSa kriyAzIla che ane emano ja vijaya varNavAyo che. nAyako to sAdhanarUpa ja hoya evuM lAge che. banne nAyikAonAM vyaktitva vibhinna che e hakIkata najare caDyA vinA rahe tevI nathI. zIlavatImAM viziSTa jJAnanI zakti che - e pazupaMkhInI bolI samaje che, saMsAraDahApaNa che - rAjAnA savAlanA javAba e potAnA patine Ape che, buddhi-cAturya che - rAjAe enA zIlanI parIkSA karavA mokalelA pradhAnone e yuktipUrvaka bhoMyarAmAM pUrI de che. RSidarA komaLa hRdayanI che - lohImAMsanI gaMdha paNa e sahana karI zakatI nathI, khullI pALI joIne paNa ene Dara lAge che, sarala ane rAMka svabhAvanI che - pote nirdoSa chatAM AvI paDelI zikSA, vinAvirodhe. koInA pratye phariyAda vinA, pUrvajanmanA karmanA pariNAma tarIke svIkArI le che, udAra mananI che - potAne mAthe duHkhanAM jhADa ugADanAra rukhimaNine e patinA krodhamAMthI bacAve che, mAphI apAve che ane pati pAse eno svIkAra karAvaDAve che, enAmAM DahApaNabharI samajaNa ane samajAvaTa che - kanakarathane e be vAra AtmahatyA vahorato bacAve che. gADha vanaprIti che - pati sAthe jatI veLAe e vRkSavelIropa, popaTahasamRgalImRgabAlaka tathA vanadevatAnI bhAvabharI vidAya mAge che. ane divya pavitratA che - enI sAme dekhItA purAvA hovA chatAM kanakaratha ene doSita mAnI zakato nathI, muniveze paNa e kanakarathane prabhAvita kare che, ene mArI nAkhavAnI sulasAnI hiMmata cAlatI nathI. anya pAtro : viziSTa vyaktitva ane sAkSAtkAraka nirUpaNa banne kRtionI nAyikAonI jema enA nAyako paNa vibhinna vyaktitva dharAve che. ajitasena zIlavatI para sahasA zaMkA lAve che, tyAre kanakarathane RSidattAnI nirdoSatAnI pratItimAMthI kazuM caLAvI zakatuM nathI. ajitasenane zIlavatInI nirdoSatA jANavA maLe che tyAre khUba lajjA pAme che, paNa jenI sAthe gADha sneha hoya tenI sAthe eka vAra to kalaha karI enI parIkSA karavI joIe, ajJAnapaNe je karyuM te doSa na kahevAya evA bacAvo kare che. kanakaratha RSidattA para ALa Ave che ne ene kADhI mUkavAnI thAya che tyAre pote ene bacAvI zakato nathI enuM bhAre duHkha anubhave che ane enA viyoganA vicAramAtrathI AtmahatyA karavA taiyAra thAya che tathA rukhimaNi pAsethI kharI hakIkata jANavA maLe che tyAre pharIne UMDo zoka anubhave che ane baLI maravA taiyAra thAya che. kanakarathano prema ghaNo UMDo ane sAco hovAnuM pratIta thAya che. 'RSidattA rAsa'nAM anya pAtro paNa potAnuM kaMIka viziSTa vyaktitva laIne Ave che ane enuM sAkSAtkAraka nirUpaNa paNa thayuM che. "zRMgAramaMjarI'mAM anya pAtro kathAghaTanA mATenAM sogaThAM hoya ema ja jaNAya che. ekaMdare ema lAge che ke "zRMgAramaMjarI'mAM pAtrAlekhana tarapha kavinuM lakSa ja nathI, 'RSidanA rAsamAM emaNe

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paMDita, rasajJa, sarjaka kavi jayavaMtasUri D 129 pAtrAlekhananI potAnI zaktine mokaLI mUkI che. AgavI bhAta pADatI varNanarIti jayavaMtasUrinAM ghaNAM varNano rasika chatAM paraMparAgata DhAMcAnAM che. paNa keTalAMka varNano emaNe uThAvelI lAkSaNika rekhAone kAraNe judAM paDI Ave che tathA bArIka nirIkSaNamAMthI AvelI vIgatone kAraNe e rasaprada bane che. madhyakALamAM nagaravarNana moTe bhAge "gaDha maDha maMdira poli pagArathI ja thatuM hoya che. jayavaMtasUri zRMgAramaMjarI'mAM kevI kevI vIgato gUMthe che ! nagarajanonI ceSTAo ane pravRttio AlekhAya che, jemake - vyavahAri naMdana catura calaI laDasaData karati Takola, kara grahita aMguli ekameki, mukha bharita sAra taMboli. 44 jihAM catura cIkIva icahuTai, vaNiga khelati sogaThe. managamata saMkhati sArapAsa, dAha devati ati haThe. 45 mAtra samabhUmi prAsAdanI ja vAta nahIM paNa kurUviMdacitrita sAhAmA-sAhamI haTTauli'nI paNa noMdha levAya che. kavinI najara nagarapAdaranAM nadIsarovara, vanavADI sudhI pahoMce che - jasa nayara bAhiri sajala saravara, nadI nIri nirmalI.. tihAM vikIpaMkajapremi bhamarA bhamati bhogika manarulI, tihAM haMsa sArasa alasa cAlati, catura cakavI camakatI, baka DAka cAtaka jhiMka cakavA, pAli khelati zubhagati. pa4 jihAM rAmalakSmaNa bhIma-arjuna, nakulasahadevI varA, jihAM somavallI akarka kakarka, siMhakAsuta ati kharA, jihAM kuMbhakaNi kilita kUvA, bhUmisaMbhava muniyutA, je navaravADI devamAnava parama puruSi sevitA. 28 vanavarNanamAM vRkSasUcinI madhyakAlIna paripATI anusarAI che paNa te uparAMta emAM premarasabharI, killola karatI prANIsRSTi ne mAnavasRSTi dAkhala thaI che tethI tAjagI AvI che - ekabIjAne khAMdhe caDAvI ramatAM mRga-mRgalI, nAcatAM mora-moraDI, najAkatathI cAlatI haMsalI, padminInI rasikatAmAM vilubdha bhamatA bhamara, AMbADALe besI paMcama AlApatI koyala, mAthe morapiccha ne gaLe guMjAno hAra dhAraNa karelI, kaMbakaMThI ne pInapayodharA zabarI vagere. vasaMtavarNanamAM yuvAnayuvatIonI ceSTAonuM varNana rasika vigatothI bhAre AhalAdaka banyuM che ? ko eka kamini suMdarI, prIu si6 kIya saMketa, vani suNI janakolAhala, pagalAM suNIya sameta, valIvalI joI bAlIya, cakita jasI saMdeha,

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130 ] madhyakAlIna gujarAtI jaina sAhitya saghalai dekhai tanamaya, jeneiM jeha siu neha. 595 pUMThithI sahI pAlava tANai, kAmini prIu Avyu jANai, rahi rahi samaya havaDAM prIu nahIM, ghUMThithI ima suNI hasai sahI. 596 kusumakuMdaki premagAthA likhI, strI sAhAyUM nAkhaI mana ulakhI, kiMmanIgaNa Na thAnika bolai, koi kAmUka rahai tiNi ulai. 601 koi ketikadila kAmUka kAminIrUpa likhei, valIvalI nayaNe nirakhIya haiDA siu cAMpei, mukhi cuMbana dei sAda2, sIsa namAvai pAi, premagehelAM mAMNasa, dekhI Akula thAi. 603 kanakaratha pratye jene sneha Upajyo che e RSidattAnI snehasUcaka ceSTAo kavie keTalI AbAda jhIlelI che ! -- snehasakomala kumarI taNAM capala cakorAM jima loaNAM, rAjakuma-mukhasasiha2-saMga, khelai unamada raMgataraMga.6.2 madadhUmita madanAlasa hoi, ADI dRSTii khiNikhiNi joi, hasatI phUla khirai sasimukhI, khiNi lAjai joi saMmukhI. 6.3 sneha UpAi nayanaI karI, hAvabhAva dAkhai phirIphirI, udara AMNai veNI gophaNau, adhara Dasai, jaMbhAi ghaNauM. 6.4 thaNa bhuja udara dekhADai misi, tani tribhaMgI hui madavasa+, sarala jisI hui cAMpAchoDa, kumara dekhi karai moDAmoDi. 6.5 lohasilAkA jima cuMbaka, lAgI pAchI thaI nava sakai, bAMdhI kumara nayanadorIi, kumarI jAMNI citta corI. 6.6 alaMkArayukta aMgazobhAvarNana paNa sAthe joDAyeluM hoI A ceSTAvarNanane kaMIka judI ja ramaNIyatA prApta thaI che. jayavaMtasUrie saundaryavarNano ghaNAM karelAM che. moTe bhAge e alaMkArAzrayI che. enI vAta pachI. ahIM to emAM jovA maLatI navatAbharI ne jhINavaTabharI viziSTa rekhAonI ja noMdha laIe H gaura kapola zazibiMba, pAvai nAriMgake upamAnA, ugaTyo mukura taNI ciM dIpa, nirakhati nayaNAM tarasa na chIpai. 31 (sthUlibhadra caMdrAyaNi) mukhane zazI sAthe sarakhAvavAnI vAta to sAva cIlAcAlu, paraMtu ahIM mukhanI nahIM kola gAlanI vAta che. madhyakAlIna sAhityamAM kapolane caMdra sAthe ke nAraMgI sAthe sarakhAvyAnuM ochuM jaDe. vaLI ahIM to kevaLa kapolanI vAta nathI, UgaTyA sugaMdhI lepa (krIma) lagADelA kolanI vAta che. e vAta ane ene apAyeluM mukura - arIsAnuM upamAna navInatAno romAMca jagADanArAM nathI ?

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paMDita, rasajJa, sarjaka kavi jayavaMtasUri 131 kozAnA varNanamAM 'bakhata kusuma hasita" (hasya te jANe kusumavarSA) ane 'nartita nitaMbabiMbA' jevI saundaryachaTAo je abhivyaktichaTAthI AviSkAra pAmI che te AsvAdya bane che. (gItasaMgrahanI hastaprata, gItakramAMka 34) varNanamAM jayavaMtasUri keTalI jhINavaTa sudhI jaI zake che te nIcenuM udAharaNa batAve che unnata pIna payodhara jorA, unnata zyAma susUcaka gorA, triNya aMgula thaNa aMtara sArA, karakuMbha calavA upama biccArA. 40 (sthUlibhadra caMdrAyaNi) stananI puSTanA batAvavA emanI vaccenA traNa AMgaLanA mAtra traNa AMgaLanA ja - aMtaranI noMdha bIjo kayo kavi kare ? - nArIsaundaryanuM varNana sIdhuM nahIM, paNa kaMIka parokSa rIte anokhI bhaMgimAthI thayuM hoya tevuM udAharaNa maLe che. neminAthane anya koI gorIe vaza karyA che evuM kalpI rAjimatI e gorInI mohakatAne praznachaTAthI uThAva Ape che H nayaNe pADyu pAsi, pattutA ? kai mukha-maTakai mohiu ? kai vAMkaDI bhamuhai re bhamADiu ? kai siMgArai sohiu ? kaI kalakaMThI komala kaMThii kAMi kAmaNa kIdhuM ? desavidesa dekhADI, vAliMbha ! tujha mana lUMTI lIdhuM ? 15 kaDI sudhI (bAramAsa,103-117) vistaratA AvA prazno pachI rAjimatI chevaTano prazna kare che - e ekai guNa tihAM nahI ho, rUpa na, madhura na bola, tu tujha mana kima mAnIuM ho, jasu mukhi nahIM taMbola ? A chevaTanA nakArAtmaka praznamAM paNa rasIlI nArInI eka lAkSaNika rekhA mukhamAM taMbola dorAI gaI che te joyuM ? jayavaMtasUrinuM saundaryadarzana keTaluM paripUrNa che e A batAve che. kyAreka analaMkRta varNana paNa, emAMnI a-sAmAnya vIgatone kAraNe sAkSAtkAraka ane prabhAvaka bane che. sulasA yoginInuM A varNana juo AvI sabhAi yoginI, pApiNI adbhuta vesa, tADa trIjau bhAga UMcI, siri jaTAjUTa keza. 15.1 AMkhi rAtI, cipuTa nAzA, lalATa aMgula cyAra, kAzmIramudrA zravaNa lahaka, khalakuMti mekhalA-bhA2. 15.2 kaMThi mAlA zaMkha kerI, bhasmadhUsara vAMna, lalATa caMdana-Ahi, nakhe te AMgula mAMna. 15.3 mRgacarma kerI karIya kaMthA, uDhaNai citrita carma, morapicchanu grahyu Atapa, hathaI daMDa sudharma. 15.4

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13ra D madhyakAlIna gujarAtI jaina sAhitya vANahI cimicimi karatI caraNe. ziSyaNI parivAra, dhyAnanaI vasaI ghUmatI, kayeu bhaginau AhAra. 15.5 (SidattA rAsa) RSidarA rAsa'nAM ghaNAM varNano niralaMkAra che. sarovaranuM (4.1-5), jinamaMdiranuM (4.41-47) tathA kanakaratha RSidattAne paraNIne Avyo tyAre nagaramAM thayelA utsavanuM varNana A jAtanuM che. A kRtimAM kavie raMgabhabhakanI nahIM paNa AchA raMganI zobhA racI che, alaMkAroktino nahIM paNa svabhAvoktino vadhu Azraya lIdho che. mAtra aMgasaundaryane nahIM, samagra vyaktitvane AvarI le evAM varNano paNa jayavaMtasUrinI kalame maLe che. sarasvatInA varNanamAM "caMdrakiraNa pari jhalahalaI, kAya kiMti apAra' jevI AlaMkArika saundarakhAo ja kavi doratA nathI. pustaka zubha bhuja ri' jevI svAbhAvika vAstavika vigata Ape che ne enA manomaya rUpane, vyaktitvaprabhAvane paNa Alekhe che : varNamAtra vyApI rahI re, eka aneka svabhAvi. prANImAtra mukhapaMkajaI re, moTu tuja anubhAva. zabda arthasusaMgatA sAmAnya vizeSa AdhAra, jinavANI bhAva bhAvatI re, dravyArthika sAkari. (gItasaMgraha-1, sarasvatI gIta) jayavaMtasUrinI A varNanarIti madhyakAlIna gujarAtI sAhityamAM AgavI bhAta pADe evI che emAM zaMkA nathI. alaMkArakavi kahevA paDe evI alaMkArasajjatA jayavaMtasUrinI alaMkAraracanAo aucitya, anurUpatA, saundarya-sAmarthyasUjha, nUtanatA, camatkRti, saMkulatA ane saralatA, vidagdhatA ane taLapadApaNuM, bahulatA Adi guNoe opatI che. bahulatA to evI ke jayavaMtasUrine alaMkArakavi kahevAnuM ApaNe mana thAya. "zRMgAramaMjarI'mAM pAtAlasuMdarInA varNanamAM alaMkAronI choLo UDe che. vividha upamAnonA AzrayathI veNI(kezapAza)nuM varNana cAra kaDI sudhI, nayananuM daza kaDI sudhI ane stananuM vIsa kaDI sudhI vistare che ! nayana, stana vagerenI vAta bIjA aMganI vAta sAthe gUMthAIne AvI hoya te to judI. pacAsa jeTalI kaDI sudhI vistaratA A varNana mATe paNa kavi to ema kahe che ke "varNana kahuM saMkhevi." (kaDI 1501thI 1550) kavinI vAta e rIte sAcI kahevAya ke ghaNAM aMgo - udara, kaTi, jaMghA, caraNa vagere - ne to emane A varNanamAMthI choDI devAM paDyAM che. - kavinA upamAna-AyojanamAM kevAM vaividhya, vidagdhatA, camatkRti, nUtanatA ane saMkula racanArIti hoya che te keTalAMka udAharaNothI joIe. pahelAM

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paMDita, rasajJa, sarjaka kavi jayavaMtasUri [ 133 pAtAla suMdarInI veNI (coTalA)nuM varNana : tribhuvana jItuM rUpaguNi, teha bhaNI mayaNeNa, khAMDa ughADavuM dIuM, gorI veNichaleNa. 1500 gorI caMdanachoDa jima, vedhavidhUMdhA nAga, veNIchali sevI karacha, jhalakaI siri maNi-cAka. 1503 camarabhAra gorI dharai, garaviM cihuramise, tribhuvana rUSi harAvIuM, prANa na callAM keNa. 1504 gorI gora-thora-Ni, sohaI veNIdaMDa, amIyakuMbha doI rAkhavA, jANe sarpa pracaMDa. 150pa gorInI veNIne ughADI talavAra nAga ane camarabhAra sAthe ahIM sarakhAvavAmAM Avela che. nAganuM upamAna be vAra vaparAyuM che paNa banne prayogo bhinna che. ekamAM caMdanachoDane vaLagelA nAganI kalpanA che, bIjAmAM amIkuMbhane rakSavA rahelA sarpanI kalpanA che. A banne udAharaNomAM parasparAzrita ekathI vadhu alaMkAronI saMkula yojanA che e paNa joI zakAze. pahelA udAharaNamAM gorIne caMdanachoDa tarIke ne seMthA paranA cAkane nAganA maNi tarIke kalpavAmAM Avela che, bIjAmAM gaura puSTa stanane amIkuMbha tarIke kalpavAmAM AvyA che. gorIne caMpAnA choDa sAthe sarakhAvavAnuM vAraMvAra thatuM hoya che, paNa caMdanachoDa sAthe sarakhAvavAnuM ochuM paDe che tethI emAM tAjagIno anubhava thAya che. pahelA udAharaNamAM saMkarAlaMkAranI yojanA che ema paNa kahevAya kemake "gorI caMpakachoDa jima' e upamA che, "maNi-cAka' e rUpaka che, to "veNIchali nAga' e ulTekSA ke rUpaka che. anya alaMkAraracanAo paNa juo : pasarI tuhma guNamaMDapaI re manohara ahma guNaveli, nehajaliM nitu sIMcayo re jima huI raMgareli. (sImaMdharasvAmI lekha) A saMtata rUpakanI racanA che - guNarUpI maMDapa, guNa (nA anurAga)rUpI velI ane sneharUpI jala. guNa-guNAnurAga mATe maMDapa-velinI kalpanAmAM prAkRtika jagatanI madhuratAno anubhava thAya che. zrAvaNa saMjogI mAsa ki bhuI harIyAlIA re, colIcaraNA nIla ki pahiraI huM bAlIyA re. 4 pAvasa prathama saMyogi ki romacI aMkurai re, pAlava-nakha nirakhaMti re mayaNA mada karaI re. 5 neminAtharAjimatI bAramAsa) varSamAM dharatIe lIlAM vastra paheryAnI kalpanA to paraMparAgata ne ghaNI vaparAyelI che, paraMtu kavie ahIM to eka sAMga rUpakanI racanA karI. hariyALI

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134 madhyakAlIna gujarAtI jaina sAhitya dharatI te lIlAM coLI-caNiyAM paherelI bALA, aMkura te enA romAMca, pallava te nakha. prAvRSanA prathama saMyoge nIpajelAM romAMca ane nakha nIrakhatI madanA e rasika kalpanAothI kavie paraMparAgata varNanane zaga caDAvI che. tApavyuM sIsuM tima usIsuM. (bAramAsa, 45) AmAM camatkArapUrNa saMkara alaMkAranI yojanA che. virahiNInI manodazAne varNavatAM ozIkAne tapAvelA sIsA sAthe sarakhAvyuM che te upamA ane "sIsuM - usIsuM' e zabdayojanAmAM yamaka. eka arthAlaMkAra ane eka zabdAlaMkAra. vaMkima citta suvannamaya, sukavivayaNa suramma, patha camakai citaDuM haraI, gorI-nelara jimma. (zRMgAramaMjarI,21) AmAM paNa sukavivacananI gaurInAM nupUra sAthe sarakhAmaNI e upamA ane vaMkima' (sukavivacana paratve 'vakatApUrNa, nupUra paratve 'vAMkA ghATanAM') tathA suvannamaya' (sukavivacana paratve "suMdara vaNa - akSarovALAM', nupUra paratve 'sonAnAM) e zabdaprayogomAM zleSa ema athaliMkAra ane zabdAlaMkAra che. paNa e saMkara nahIM, saMsRSTi che kemake banne alaMkAra ekabIjA para AdhArita che, ekabIjAmAM otaprota che. gorI nayaNAM jIha paDaI, dholi dholi viSama kaDakhuM, tIha tIha dhAvaI maNayabhaDa, zara saMdheviya tikhU. 1511 (zRMgAramaMjarI) abhipreta to che gorInAM nayana madananA zara che evI upamA, paNa abhivyaktinI rIta nirALI che. gorInA nayanapAta ane madananA zarapAtanI ghaTanAone sAMkaLI che ane e rIte alaMkAraracanAmAM vRttAMtavarNanA dAkhala karI che. A rItimAM upamA vyaMjita rahe che. bAlA nayaNAM jiha phulaI, jIviya tAsa hareya, tiNi pApi vihi nayaNanaI, kolU kala deya. 1516 (zRMgAramaMjarI) bAlAnAM nayano jyAM praphulle che, tenuM jIvana e hare che' - virodha-alaMkAranI A racanAmAM vakra vANInuM saundarya che ane "e pApane kAraNe vidhie AMkhane kALuM kAjaLa lagAvyuM che' e uakSAnI camatkRtithI vAtane vaLa caDAvyo che. caMdu bIhatuM. rAhathI, gorI-mUhi kIu vAsa, prItivizeSa hariNalu, rAkhi nayaNAM pAsi. 1522 (zRMgAramaMjarI) ahIM paNa vRttAntakathananI rItithI alaMkAraracanA karI che ane "gorInuM mukha caMdra samAna che ane nayano te caMdramAMnuM haraNa che' e upamA vyaMjita rUpe rahI che.

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paMDita, rasajJa, sarjaka kavi jayavaMtasUri 135 rAhuthI bItA caMdranI uakSA A upamA-racanAmAM upakAraka banI che. savi akSara hIre jaDaDyA, lekha amUlika eha re, vedhakamukhi taMbolaDu manarIjhavaNuM eha re. (sImaMdhara lekha, 36) * hIrA jevA camakadAra-ghATadAra akSare lakhAyelo lekha - patra priyatamanA manane rIjhavanAra che - rasika narane mukhe tAMbUla rasaraMga pUranAra hoya che tema. vedhakamukhi taMbolaDu A kalpanA kavinI kevI masta rasadRSTino prasannakara anubhava ApaNane karAve che ! keTalIka najAkatabharI, mulAyama kalpanAo vyakta karatI alaMkAraracanAo paNa jayavaMtasUri pAsethI maLe che. sthUlibhadranA Agamane harSaromAMcita thatI kozAnuM varNana kavie ema kahIne karyuM che ke kuMpala mehalI re deha' (gItasaMgraha-33). yauvanane maghamaghatI maMjarI rUpe kavi kahyuM che (sthUlibhadrakozA premavilAsa phAga, 30) ane RSidattAne jAtikusama pari... sukumAla zarIrA' tarIke varNave che (22.18). strI zarIranI sukumAratA (ane surabhitA) darzAvavA jAInA phUlanI kalpanA arthapUrNa ne anokhI che. alaMkAra ja nahIM, alaMkArAvali - sAdRzyonI hAramALA paNa A kavi yoje cheH kesarI samari, bhujaMgamakhalana, sAyara bAMhi tarIjai, jANe maMdara mastaki toliuM, jau sudha prIti palIjaI. 90 (zuddha prIti nibhAvavI e siMha sAthe yuddha karavuM, nAga sAthe khelavuM, bAhu vaDe sAgara taravo. mastake maMdara parvata upADavo enA jevuM che.) vaIrAga naTanI athira jehavau, prIti durjana keraDI, gharavAsa caMcala kAminInau, nIra mAMhi lIhaDI, AkaIdhaNa, dhADi saInI, vADi javAsA taNI, asAra e saMsAra tiNi pari, mUDha mani mAyA ghaNI. 38.2 saMsArasukhanI caMcalatA - kSaNikatA darzAvavA yojAyelI dRSTAMtamAlAmAM naTano vairAga, ane saMsAranI asAratA darzAvavA yojAyelI dRSTAtamAlAmAM saInI dhADa (darajIoe potAnAM ojAro sAthe kareluM AkramaNa kevuM poluM hatuM tenI eka bodhakathA che) - e be kevAM lokavyavahAragata paNa mArmika dRSTAMto che ! pANI mAhiM paMpoTaDu, traNA upari traha, caMcala mayagalakAna jima, tehavo sayala saneho re. (naimijina stavana, 32) snehanI caMcaLatA darzAvavA ahIM traNa upamAno ekasAthe yojyAM che - pANImAMno parapoTo, taraNA uparanI dhULa, hAthIno kAna. hAthIno kAna e

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136 madhyakAlIna gujarAtI jaina sAhitya kaviparaMparAnuM praziSTa upamAna che, paNa pANInA parapoTA tathA taraNA uparanI dhULanAM upamAno rojiMdA anubhavanI nIpaja che. praziSTa vidagdha alaMkAraracanAnI nipuNatA dharAvanAra A kavi pAsethI taLapadA jIvanamAMthI AvelA saraLa, soMsarApaNAnA guNavALA, sadyogamya, tAjagIbharyA alaMkAro paNa vAraMvAra maLe che e ghaNuM hagha lAge che H nitaMbathalI pahulI jima thAlI. (naimijina stavana, 19) sagapaNa hui tu DhAMkIi re prIti na DhAMkI jAyo, viANiu chAji na chAhIi re, hira na dorI baMdhAyo. jima kUyAnI chAMha, amUjhI mAMhi rahai re. 17 pIi tajI jima Asoi ki, pIcha jima moDai re. 24 sajjana khoTArA tehavA, jehavA kAtI-meha. 34 (sImaMdhara caMdrAulA,22) vAhalA ! tuma viNa tima thaI, jima pAkuM pAna-palAsa. 40 je dhu2 ka2e dhurIAi na chaMDai, jima haradha turAi. 89 (moTA to e ke je mULamAMthI moTAI na choDe, jema haLadara potAnuM turApaNuM na choDe.) rIMgaNithI rAyaNi guNigamatI, te tu avihaDa gorI. 120 (te eTale mukti2maNIne avibhaMga kadI snehabhaMga na kare tevI kahI bIjI ramaNIothI enI vizeSatA rIMgaNI-rAyaNanA dRSTAMtathI batAvI che.) (neminAtha-rAmitI bAramAsa) vIvAha vItai mAMDavi tima huM sUnI kaMta. 20 (sthUlibhadrakozA premavilAsa phAga) vizALa sRSTijJAna ane maulika kalpanAbaLa dharAvatA A kavie paraMparAgata alaMkAraracanAo TALI nathI. 'RSidattA rAsa'mAM to bahudhA paraMparAgata alaMkAro pAsethI ja kAma lIdhuM che. paraMparAgata alaMkAracitra paNa anurUpatAthI ane rasasUjhathI yojAyela hoya tyAre mo2ma ja banI rahe che. udAharaNa tarIke, RSidattAnA varNana (4.19-29)mAM paraMparAgata alaMkAro ja jovA maLe che - veNI te bhujaMga, AThamanA caMdra jevuM bhAla, locana varDa mRgane jItyAM, nAsikA dIpazikhA samI, AMgaLI paravALA jevI, uru keLanA thaMbha jevAM vagere. paNa e alaMkAromAM upamA, rUpaka, vyatireka, utprekSA vagere judAjudA prakAro jovA maLe che, alaMkAro keTalIka vAra vyaMjita rUpe mukAyA che ne varNanamAM keTalIka niralaMkAra saundaryarekhAo che, je badhuM maLIne RSidattAnuM eka hRdayahArI prabhAvaka citra sarje che. alaMkAranuM baLa kavine TheraThera kAmiyAba nIvaDyuM che varNanomAM manobhAvanirUpaNomAM, subhASitomAM, bodhavacanomAM. subhASito to dRSTAMtothI

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paMDita, rasajJa, sarjaka kavi jayavaMtasUri ! 137 ubharAya che ne bodhavacanomAM paNa keTalIka vAra samucita dRSTAMtanuM sAmarthya umerAyuM che. jayavaMtasUrinI alaMkArasajjatA asAdhAraNa bhAse che. zabdAlaMkAranI zobhA jayavaMtasUrine sarva prakAranAM kavi kauzala mATe AkarSaNa che ane emane enA para prabhutva paNa che. eTale emaNe zabdAlaMkAranI zobhAno ghaNI vAra Azraya lIdho che. varNAnuprAsa madhyakAlIna kavitAne sahaja che ema jayavaMtasUrine paNa che. enA dAkhalA to joIe teTalA ApI zakAya. navAIbharyuM e lAge che ke emaNe kaDIo sudhI eka varNanA anuprAsane laMbAvavAnA sthULa cAturyamAM paNa rasa lIdho che (zRMgAramaMjarI,1561-66). alabatta, AvuM kvacita ja thayuM che ane emAM koIkoI zabda anya varNathI AraMbhAtA AvavA daIne A rItine emaNe bAliza thaI jatI bacAvI che. laMbAyelo vaNanuprAsa svAbhAvAditAthI siddha thayAnA paNa dAkhalA maLe che. A pUrve ApaNe noMdhelA nArI saundaryanA parokSa varNananA khaMDamAM kaI kalakaMThI komala kaMThii kAMi kAmaNa kIdhuM' e paMktimAM (bAramAsa) dIrgha vaNaniesa kevI svAbhAvikatAthI AvI gayo che ! aMtyAnuprAsa e to madhyakAlIna kavitAnuM anivArya lakSaNa che. paNa jayavaMtasUri emAM savizeSa kauzala batAve che. paMktio sudhI eka ja prAsa e yoje che - "kAlI' 'aNiyAlI' ema "AlI'no prAsa emaNe 29 caraNa sudhI calAvyo che ! (nemijina stavana, 17-21); prAsasAMkaLI race che ne paMkti-aMtargata traNacAra prAsazabdo paNa dAkhala kare che - * nitaMbathalI pahulI jima thAlI, kAlI tanuromAlI. (19) * mani harakhi nemirUpa nihAlI, vAlI vAlI bAlI. (21). A varNanamAM 'AlI'nA aMtyAnuprAsa uparAMta "AMkhaDalI' 'bAhabalI' mehalI' 'aMgulI' pahulI' jevA "lIkArAnta ane "kAjala" "koyala' 'kuMbhasthala' mayagala' "madabhIMbhala' jevA laDakAnta zabdonuM prAcurya ApaNA kAnane bharI deto raNakAra Ubho kare che. yamakaracanAmAM paNa jayavaMtasUrie ghaNo rasa lIdho che. 'tApaNuM sIsuM tima usIsuM' jevI sAhajika yamakaracanAo emane hAthe thaI che te uparAMta uparAuparI makaracanA emaNe karI che - khiNi aMgaNi khiNi UbhI oraDaI, priuDA vinA gorI o rAI, jhUratAM jAI dinarAtaDI, AMkhi hUI ujAgaraI rAtaDI. (sthUlibhadrakozA phAga,9) phAga'nA padyabaMdhamAM emaNe yamakasAMkaLInI gUMthaNI karI che, je eka vyApaka rUDhi hatI) ane pAMca pAMca zabdo sudhI vistaratI camakayojanA paNa emaNe karI che.

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138 D madhyakAlIna gujarAtI jaina sAhitya juo : koyalaDI kuhu kuhu karI koIli DIli lagAI madamasta mAninI pariharI, koI laDI INi samAI jAI? 61 mehakI A rati Arati AvaI moraDI re, A ratisejaI Arati jhUraI goraDI re. 8 khini khini tunI Arati bapIhA detu hAM re, pAvasi virahi prANa ki daiA letu haraDe re. 9 (bAramAsa) zabdAlaMkAronI A atizayatA ane sahaja siddhi apAra bhASAzabdasaMpatti vinA zakya nathI. jayavaMtasUrinI bhASAsaMpata ApaNane prabhAvita karyA vinA rahetI nathI. kavie caraNasAMkaLInI zobhA UbhI karelI che enI paNa ahIM ja noMdha laIe. caMdrAvaLAnI to e svarUpagata vizeSatA ja che eTale "sImaMdhara caMdrAulAmAM to e sarvatra hoya. paNa A sivAya neminAtha rAjimatI bAramAsanA uttarArdhamAM kavie badhe ja caraNasAMkaLI yojI che. pUrvArdhanA bAra mAsanA varNanamAM viziSTa rIte caraNasAMkaLI sAMdhI che. dezanuM paheluM caraNa ne truTakanuM paheluM caraNa samAna hoya che. jemake, | dezI pesi sosa ja atighaNa3, pIu viNa kisyu re raMgarola re ? bhojana tu bhAvaI nahI, kesara kusuma taMbola re. 43 truTaka atighaNau sosa japoSa mAsiI, prIti sAlaI pAchilI, valavalai bAlA viraha-jAlA, nIra viNa jima mAchilI. 44 padya, gAna ane rAgano rasa caraNasAMkaLI e eka rIte padyabaMdhano bhAga bane che. padyabaMdhakauzala madhyakAlIna kavione sahaja hatuM ane vividha padyabaMdhonI hathoTI ghaNA kavio batAve che. jayavaMtasUrie dudha, yamakasAMkaLIvALA duhA (je banne "phAga" ke "cAla tarIke ghaNI vAra oLakhAvAya che), toTaka, "kAvyane nAme jhUlaNAnA uttarArdhanI 17 mAtrAno banelo caMdra chaMda, harigIta, savaiyA, soraThA, udhora, copAI tathA aneka dezIo-DhALono upayoga karyo che ane caMdrAvaLA jevo kAvyabaMdha paNa prayojyo che. emanA padyabaMdhanA savizeSa kauzalano khyAla e parathI Avaze ke RSidA rAsamAM 37 jeTalI dezIonAM nAma maLe che temAM bhAgye ja koI punarAvartita thAya che. keTalIka AkarSaka padyachaTAo paNa jovA maLe che. nIcenI aDhIAnI dezI (RSidarA rAsa, DhALa 3) enAM aDhI caraNa ne traNa prAsasthAnane

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paMDita, rasajJa, sarjaka kavi jayavaMtasUri 139 kAraNe dhyAna kheMce che : INi avasari nagarI kAberI, amarapurIthI e adhikerI, sobhA jasa bahuterI. zabda ke zabdasamUhanA punarAvartana dvArA bhAvane lUMTatA padyabaMdho paNa sAMpaDe che. jou viSama sanehaDa re, te tuM navi gaNaI gaNaI maraNanuM saMca ki. mAMNasa vedhavilUdhaDake re. te tu nava nava karaI prapaMca ki. 1780 AvI ASADha ki vAdala vAvariyA re vAvariyA re.. varasaI meha akhaMDa ki sarovara jali bhariyA re jali bhariyA re. 2109 iNi pari ajitakumAra, nisi vilavatA e, nisi vilavatA e, nIgamaI e. java thayuM prabhAta. tava dina-nAyaka, tava dina-nAyaka, ugamau e. 1250 tava vAgAM nANa. kIdha pIANuMa, kIdha pIANuM, bhUpati e, caliu ajita pradhAna hayagayapAyaka, hayagathapAyaka, parivariu e. 1253 (zRMgAramaMjarI) bIjA udAharaNamAM zabdapunarAvartana varasatI meghaDInA vAtAvaraNane ane trIjA udAharaNamAM zabdasamUhanuM punarAvartana tathA caturbhAgI padhachaTA sainyanI kUcanA varNanane poSaka banI rahe che. dhRvAyojanA padyabaMdhano eka agatyano bhAga che. padyalayane e cokkasa prakArano laTako arpe che. uparanAMmAMthI pahelAM be udAharaNomAM dhruvAvaicitrya joyuM ? paMkti-aMtargata ne paMtyaMte ema be-be dhruvAo che - "re te tu' ane 'ki tathA "ki re ne re'. 'RSidanA rAsa'nI 13mI DhALanI nIcenI dhRvAyojanA bhAlaNathI mAMDIne aneka kavioe prayojelI 'suNa suMdarI re - "ghelI koNe karI re' prakAranI ekAMtara AvatAM caraNovALI dhUvAnI yAda apAvaze : kanakaratha pUchai tadA. suNa suMdarI re, sukIlaNI guNa jAMNi, vAta kahI kharI re. A dhRvAyojanA kanakarathanAM utsukatA, Agraha, anunayane uThAva Ape che. zRMgAramaMjarI'mAM akhiyAM (1146-1150)mAM "kahu sakhI kima aNakhi na AvaI e badhI kaDImAM AvatuM cothuM caraNa udiSTa bhAvane ghUMTe che. "RSidattA. rAsamAM eka ke vadhu caraNa dhruvA tarIke yojAyela che tyAM e kendrIya bhAva-arthane dhAraNa karanAra hoya che. jemake kanakarathanI RSidattAne maLavAnI tarasane nirUpatI 34mI DhALamAM 'salUNA sAthI ko mujha melaI tAsa, huM tau tehanI bhavibhavi dAsa'

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140 madhyakAlIna gujarAtI jaina sAhitya e AkhI paMkti dhruvA tarIke Ave che. RSidarAnA viyoge jharatA kanakarathanI uktinI 22mI DhALamAM nIcenI AkhI kaDI dhruvA tarIke abhipreta che - priya bolina re ! tuM prANAdhAra, sasImukhI bolina re ! gorI re guNabhaMDAra, gajagati bolina re. dhruvAo geyatA - gAnano eka bhAga che. A kavine mana gAnano ane rAgano, gItano ane saMgItano ghaNo mahimA che, emanA ja zabdo che - priya dUtI prema taNI, senAnI mayaNAMha, rAga jayau AnaMdamaya, je maMDana vayaNAMha. 1934 jeNi na jaNiyA gItarasa, gAhAguThina ki, e mAMNasa-jaMbAraDu, tasa kAM devaI di. 1945 (zRMgAramaMjarI) gAthAgoSThi eTale kAvyagoSThi. gIta ane rAga eTale saMgIta. enA vinA manuSyajanma nirarthaka che. kavino kAvyaprema temaja saMgItaprema AmAM vyakta thAya che. jayavaMtasUrie potAnI ghaNI kRtiomAM DhALane AraMbhe rAganA nirdeza karyA che. keTalIka vAra to vaparAyelI dezIno ullekha na karatAM kevaLa rAgano nirdeza karIne e cAle che. nemijina stavana' ane bAramAsamAM dezanAma nathI, paNa rAganAma che. emaNe nirdezelA rAgo paNa keTalAbadhA che ! - kedAra. goDI, kedAro goDI, siMdhuo goDI, malhAra, bhIlI malhAra, dezAkha, sAmerI, dhanyAzrI, mAruNI. dhanyAzrI, rAmagiri, siMdhUDI, mAruNI. mevADo, AsAvarI, kAphI, bhUpAlI, vairADI, paMcama. sabAba, soraThI, parajiyo. adharasa vagere. nirUpita viSayavastu paratve A rAgonI upakArakatA vize to koI jANakAra ja kahI zake. neharasano sAgara : saMyogaprItinAM madhura maryAdAzIla citraNo sarva kavikauzalanuM lakSya to che rasasiddhi. jayavaMtasUri sthULa kavikauzalamAM aTavAI gayA nathI, rasasiddhi tarapha emanuM avyagra lakSa rahyuM che. emano sauthI priya rasa che zRMgAra. athavA vadhAre sAcI rIte ene sneharasa kahevo joIe, kemake emAM mAtra strIpuruSasnehano ja nahIM, mitrasneha, pitAputrIsneha, prakRtisneha ne prabhusnehano paNa samAveza che. AmAM paNa saMyogI avasthAnA sneha karatAM viyogI avasthAno sneha kavie vadhAre gAyo che. strIpuruSanA saMyogazRMgAranuM Alekhana vairAgyadharmI jena sAdhunI kalamamAMthI jhAjhuM na maLe to emAM Azcarya jevuM nathI. A kavie eka sthAne unmatta saMyogazRMgAranuM citra AlekhyuM che - bhIData olI kasaNa traTuka TukaDe-TukaDe thaNathI cUkI, thaNahara madamasta gajakuMbha sarisA, aMkuza kara ja dIA ati harisA. 71

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paMDita, rasajJa, sarjaka kavi jayavaMtasUri 141 cyorI cyora karI kahAM lInA, ciMta birANA ho chIMnI lInA, iuM bhUkapAsi bAMdhI kAmarAjai. rAkhyA hoI thaNa-DuMgaramAM jaI. 72 (sthUlibhadra caMdrAyaNi) bAkI sArthavAha ane pAtAlasuMdarI jevAM kAmavivaza pAtronoye saMyogazRMgAra varNavavAnI taka kavie lIdhI nathI, pAtAlasuMdarInAM madIlAM aMgonuM varNana karIne itizrI mAnI che. banne kathAkationAM nAyaka-nAyikA to mayadAyukta zIladharmanAM vAhaka che. emano kAmavihAra AlekhavAnuM kavie IcchavuM nathI. ajitasenazIlavatInI ekAMta praNayakrIDAnuM varNana to che paNa e madhura, mayadAzIla varNana che - kyAreka praznapahelI, kyAreka sogaThAbAjI, kyAreka bhASAvinoda, kyAreka karapallavI, kyAreka premarase sAmAsAmuM joI rahevuM ane kyAreka AliMgana. (zRMgAramaMjarI, 734-37) kanakaratha-RSidattAnA praNayopacAronuM AchuM citra virahI kanakarathanA vilApamAM pUrvamRti rUpe, parokSabhAve aMkAyuM che - sneharosaI tuM letI abolA, tava huM vyAkula thAtI re, vAravAra tujha caraNe lAgI, mIhanati karI manAvatI re. 22.7 hasatAM haNatI caraNaprahAraI, tava huM lahaItu prasAda re, mAninI tAharA kopaolaMbhA, thAtA sudhAsavAda re. 22.8 A te nAgaravelI maMDapa. jihAM maI pAlavi sAhI re, lAjatI navatana neha-samAgama, jAtI muhanaI vAhI re. 26.4 kumarI kuMdake jihAM mujha haNatI. A te kuzama sohaI re.. A te azoka jihAM huM tehanaI, manAvatau sasaneha re. 26.5 pitAnI vAtsalyaceSTAonuM Alekhana paNa RSidattAne mukhe pUrvamRti lekhe thAya che - hita dharI komala aMki AropInaI, savi tana kari karI pharasatI e, cuMbana deI karI, khiNikhiNi mAharaI manamana bhASiti harakhatI e. 8.4 prabhudarzanano paramAnaMda vyakta karatuM gIta saMyogaprItinuM ja kAvya banI rahe priyakAriNI prIyakAriNItanaya vardhamAnajina cira jaya samaya, tu mUrati meM ratikaI dIThI, paramAnaMdanI velaDI mIThI. 1 prinTa tujha darazani mani AnaMda thAI, eka jIbhaI karI maI na kahivAya. 2. Do mUrati mohanavelaDI dIpai, nayana nihAlatAM tarasa na chIpai. 3. prinTa AMgaNi alavi myuM surataru phaliuM, parama vAhIlesara jau tuM re milIuM 4. Blo

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142 | madhyakAlIna gujarAtI jaina sAhitya ughaDyAM AnaMda keraDA hATa, tuM dIThAM savi TalyA re ucATa, 5. prinTa guNasobhAga samIhita Apu jayavaMta rAje thira karI thApu. 6. prinTa (gItasaMgraha-4, mahAvIra gIta) chalakAtAM virahabhAvanirUpaNo : navodita premanI pIDA virahabhAvanAM nirUpaNothI to jayavaMtasUrinI kRtio chalakAya che. vipralaMbhazRMgAranA be prakAro che - eka, abhilASanimittaka eTaleke jemAM milana pUrvenI abhilASAnI sthiti varNavAI hoya ane be, viyoganimittaka eTale jemAM milana pachInA viyoganI sthiti varNavAI hoya. prabhuprArthanAnAM ghaNAM gIto tathA sImaMdharasvAmI lekha' vagere ghaNAM kAvyo abhilASaprItine, prabhumilananI jhaMkhanAne vyakta kare che. sthUlibhadra caMdrAyaNi'mAM sthUlibhadrane joIne kozAnA hRdayamAM prema jAge che ne e utkaTa anaMgapIDA anubhave che enuM citraNa thayeluM che ? mayanaha navama dazA kozi pAI, piu piu japataI khabari gamAI, zItala caMdanabuMda tani lAi, vIMjyata-vIMjyata cetana AI. 4 (kozA navamI kAmadazA - mUchane pAmI. "piyu piyu' japatAM eNe sAnabhAnA gumAvI. caMdananA zItala buMda zarIre lagADI, vIMjhaNo vIMjhatAM e bhAnamAM AvI.) RSidattAne jotAM kanakarathanI thayelI mohadA 'nAdaI vedhyA nAga jima, laya pAmyau abhaMga' (4.30) jevI paMktimAM AbAda jhilAyelI che, to RSidattA navA jAgelA premano saMtApa anubhave che enuM gheruM citra kavie AlekhyuM che ? vedha taNI chaI vAta ja ghaNI, prANInaI melai revaNI, nAdaI vedhyau mRgalau paDaI, pataMga dIvAmAM taraphaDaI. 6.9 kuhunaI kahI na jAi vAta, mAMhithI prajalai sAta dhAta, lAgu prema taNI saMtApa, te dukha bUjhaI ApoApi. 6.10 vayara vasAyuM kIdhau neha, nayaNAMnaI siri pAtaka eha, nisidina ciMtA dahaI atIva, prema kIdhau tihAM bAMdhyau jIva. 6.12 bhUkha tarasa nidrA nIgamI, jANe tapa sAdhaI saMyamI, bolyauMcAlyauM kahi syauM navi gamai, kRza tanu, dohilaI dina nIgamaI. 6. 13 virahoddagAro : bhAvachaTAo ane uktichaTAonuM apAra vaividhya zuM abhilASanimittaka ke zuM viyoganimittaka, vipralaMbhazRMgAranuM - virahasnehanuM kavie kareluM sIdhuM varNana ochuM che, bahudhA pAtrodgAro dvArA ja ene abhivyakti maLI che. prabhunI milanajhaMkhanA premI bhakta-mananA uddagAromAM ja vahe che, to ghaNAMbadhAM gItomAM tathA dhUlibhadra-kozA ane neminAtha-rAjimatI vizenAM anya kAvyo - bAramAsa, phAgu, stavana vageremAM kozA ane rAjimatInA virahanA

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paMDita, rasajJa, sarjaka kavi jayavaMtasUri ! 143 uddagAro ja rajU thayA che. ajitasena-zIlavatIne viyoganI ghaDI Ave che tyAre ane emanI viyogAvasthAmAM emanA udgArothI ja kAma levAmAM AvyuM che to. sArthavAha-pAtAlasuMdarIne paraspara thayelI Asakti, chUTA paDavAnI sthiti AvatAM thayelI vyathA, rAjAne paNa mitra sArthavAha svadeza jatAM Upajelo viSAda vagere saghaLuM uddagAro rUpe ja ApaNI samakSa Ave che. A udgAro manomana hoya che ke priyatamane sakhIne athavA caMdra vagerene saMbodhana rUpe. emAM dRSTAMto, anyoktio, laMgoktio. lokoktio, vyavahAranubhavanI vAto, subhASito vagere gUMthAya che ane abhivyaktinuM adbhuta vaividhya ane ananya mArmikatA siddha thAya che. manobhAvachaTAo to sAgaranAM mojAMnI jema aviratapaNe eka pachI bIjI ema aparaMpAra AvyuM jAya che - abhilASa-Arata, vikSobha-vikalatA, dainya-aparAdhabhAva, iSa-abhimAna, paritApa-pazcAtApa, premaduhAI-premabhagnatA, AzAnirAzA-pratIkSA, premaparavazatA-asahAyatA-adhIrAI, rasa-roSa, vinayaanunaya, priyajanaprazaMsA-niMdA-upAlabha, tarko-taraMgo, smaraNa-nivedana, ciMtAbhaya vagerevagere. judIjudI kRtiomAM punarAvartita thavA chatAM bhAvachaTAo ane uktichaTAonA vaividhyanI ahIM pUrI noMdha levAnuM ane enI rasAtmakatAkalAtmakatA phuTa karavAnuM zakya nathI. eTale "zRMgAramaMjarI'nAM manobhAvanirUpaNonI noMdha e vizenI laghu pustikA (jayaMta koThArI, 1987)mAM thaI gayelI hoI e sivAyanI kRtiomAMthI namUnA rUpe keTalAka bhAvodgAro joIe ? varasAlaI sAlaI ghaNuM, je vAliMbha para-tIri, UDI taba hI jAIi, jau huI paMkha sarIri. 10 vijalIyAM camakati ki kalamala huI haIyA , dAdhA Upari lUNa lagAvaI bApahIyA re. 15 so bAMThA, so sovatAM, so bhamatAM, so vAti, so ciMtana, jaga soI-maya, so so divasa naI rAti. 42 virahaI vAdhAM pApiNI, saMgami vahila vihAi.. e ti svAratha-vairiNI rayaNI phITala, mAya ! 47 UmAhIyAM mana-mAMhi rahI, jema paMkhI pAMjarai, desAurI se sajana mera, sAsa pahilA sAMbharaI. 50 phAguNi holI sahU karaI, vachaDyAM hI bArai mAsa. 58 prIti prIti sahU ko kahi, acche tu jANavuM vaIra, dAjhIdAjhI te marai, cahi aMgArA khaira. pa9 lohi re ghaDyuM re hIyA, kaI ghaDIuM vayareNa, neha-dhImuM phATuM nahIM. vAliMbhaviraha ghaNaNa. 60

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144 D madhyakAlIna gujarAtI jaina sAhitya ekeke tujha bolaDe jIva karuM khurabAna, guNa saghalA iNi tani milyA, avara TaLyAM upamAna. 69 kaI vairie kaI vedhaDai, mANasa AvaI citti, mAharaI mani bahu para tuM khaTakaI dinaratti. 74 sAhamAnauM na lahaI avaTAyuM, Apa saraMga rAi, eka eka-vedhaI khaituM jAI, sAtamuM eka tani mAcai. 87 evaDuM jora kisyuM dAsI myuM? kIDInaI phoja kIsa ? taraNA upari karuM re kuhADau ? uttama thoDI rIsa. 93 pahilauM prIti-aMkuraDu ho, taI ropyau nayaNeNa, maI mana-maMDapa moTI kariu ho, havai tu chedaI keNi? 97 avara puruSa kahuM? tuM sAhiba, tujha paya-nakhakI dAsI. 99 (bAramAsa) re daiva tai eka desaDaI, na kIyA doi avatAra, dina prati nayanamelAvaDa, saMtoSa huMta apAra. 3 gUMthI tujha guNaphUlaDe, nAmamaMtra tujha eha re, viraha taNAM viSa TAlivA, huM japuM nisidIha re. 15 virahavichoDIA mANasAM, thoDA melaNahAra re, Apa samI lahaI vedanA, tasya jAuM balihAri re. 22 ANI vATaI jANuM AvasaI, tiNi velii rahuM bAri, AsyAbaMdhU mana rahaI re. na lahaI asUrasavAra. 25 kihAM sUrija kihAM kamalinI re, kihAM meha kihAM mora, dUri gayAM kima visarAI re, uttama neha sa joi. 28 akSara bAvana guNa ghaNA tu, kahu tAM ketA likhI re, thoDaI ghaNuM karI jANayo. sukha hospaI tumha dekhAI re. 33 mani je UpajaI vAtaDI, te lekhamAM na lakhAi re, pApI doSI jana ghaNA tu. milyA pAkhaI na kahivAi re. 34 mana mAhi vAcI rAkhayo, lAkha TaMkAnuM lekha re, virahAthi rakhe paDai, rakhe koi durajana dekhAI re. 35 (sImaMdharasvAmI lekha) lokalAja tijInAM mAya, prika keDi bham ima thAya. 12 te sAjana kima vIsaraI, jasa guNa vasiyA ciMti, UMgha mAMhi ju vIsaraI, suhuNA mAMhiM dIsaMti. 14 pApI re dhUtArAM suhaNaDAM, mujha myuM hAsuM choDi, karaI vihoha jagAvInaI, sUtAM mUkaI joDi. 16

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paMDita, rasajJa, sarjaka kavi jayavaMtasUri D 145 Aja ghAlI gali bAMhaDI, parama piyAraI dezi, rAMne rUkha jima ekalAM, hAMDA kisyuM re karezi. 26 huM siI na sarajI paMkhiNi, jima bhamatI prIu pAsi, huM siI na sarajI caMdana, karatI priyatanuM vAsa. 31 huM siM na sarajI phUlaDAM, letI AliMgana jANa, muhi suraMga ja zobhatAM, huM siI na sarajI pAna. 3ra kesUDAM paMthi pAlavyAM, sUDA, diuM tujha lAkha, eka vAra mujha melina, sajana pasArI pAMkha. 36 bhUkha tarasa sukha nIMdaDI, deha taNI sAna-vAna, jIva sAthiI maI dUjha deuM, thoDaI ghaNuM suM jANi. 40 | (sthUlibhadra-kozA phAga) sanehavichohAM dohila, DuMgarI dayo lIha, AvaNuM AThai prahara, sajjanavichoyAM jIha. 26 ketI kIjaI rIva, jANaNahArA vIchaDyA, rAni rayuM re jIva, kuNa lahasi. kuNa vArasi. 28 (neminAtha stavana) tu majha virahanali chAtI tAtI, samadha vinA vihi mu hiaI makAtI. 6 meha viNa khalahala tUThAM pANI, dukhabhari rotAM rAti vihANI. 10 arati, abhUkha, UjAgaru re. AvaDhaNuM nasidIso, sahivA durijanabolaNA re, taI saMtApyA naho. 13 saMdesu mana milataI jANyo, jIva milAI sAMI mAMnyo. 15 kusumavane vAsika, ali mAlatI siluM laNo. Auli phUla na sAMbharaI re, parimala-rasa-guNahINo. 16 koDi saMdese na chIpII re. je tuma darisaNa pyAso, aMbaphale mana mohI re, pAni na pahucaI Aso. 18 mani manoratha moTa karaI re. samudranaI jhAMpi ujAI, vairAgara rayaNe bhariu re, sarajyA viNa na lAI. 21 tuma guNa saghalA sArikhA re, kahA lakhII sAdha re, teha bhaNI lekha navi lakhauM re, khamajo te aparAdha re. ko avasari haiDAM saMbhAra, dUrithI sevA majaraI dejo. 25 (sImaMdharasvAmI caMdrAulA) * ju nahIM vAliMbha TUkaDu re, caMdrA Ugiu kAI.

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146 ] madhyakAlIna gujarAtI jaina sAhitya ghaDIya gaNatA dina gamuM, tArA gaNatA re rAti, ApuM hAra vadhAMmaNI, je kahi vAliMbha vAta. (gItasaMgraha-32, nemigIta) nayanacakorAM Talavalai re jovA tuhma mukhacaMda. (gItasaMgraha-34, thulibhadrakozA lekha) * suMdaratAku garaba bahuta turbhe, ava2kuM mAnata tRNaya karI. *dUra zravaNavata vacana hamArA, dRSTi su dRSTi na deta kharI. kabahIya harI isI nAgaratA, li na sakati kou tuhma carI. (gItasaMgraha-35, nemigIta) (gItasaMgraha-38, gIta) kAhya avaguni hama pIu bisarAe. rasarUparaMga nidhyAna dIdAra neka teru, vahI nUra dekhana kAji jIu tapai bahutaeNru. prIya bidesI suM prIti sakhI kaisI, Thi calai rasaraMga dekhAI, bAjI bAjIgara jaisI. (gItasaMgraha-39, nemigIta) *ju teru rUpa dekhana vahIM dhAvai, yUM tAM Apa chapAvai, * tuMhI suM prema, au2 suM ketava, tuM dekhata sukha thAvai. (gItasaMgraha-41, nemigIta) caturakI caMgimA cita vasI. * kaMThathI china mehaluM nahIM, pIu-motinArA. *neha nivAriu bhaluM kariuM, vAhalA, nayana nivAryAM kAi re. * mAchilaDI prItiI bhalI, baholA jala viNa marai tatakAla, virahaI mANasa navi marai, paNa sUkIni thAi sAla ki. (gItasaMgraha-45, thUlibhadra gIta) *prIu kAraNa paMDura bhaI, yuM ketaka madhya pAta re. * joNa Ali karI pIuM sapana mahii. (gItasaMgraha-44, gIta) (gItasaMgraha-50, thUlibhadra gIta) tana mana jobana dhana saba dInA re, to bhI na mohI suM pIu ekacIMtA. (gItasaMgraha-52, thUlibhadra gIta) vedha lAi rahyA vegalai re, valatI na kIdhI sAra, paMjara mAhi palevaNuM re, nayana na khaMDai dhAra. (gItasaMgraha-48, gIta) (gItasaMgraha-54, thUlibhadra gIta) prIu rAtaDIyAM parimaMdira ramai, ghara joi gharaNI vATyo re,

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paMDita, rasajJa, sarjaka kavi jayavaMtasUri D 147 moraI aMgaNi AMbu murIyu, phalyu te pIyAraDAM ghATyo re. (gItasaMgraha-56, gIta) bichuya melaNa viralA haMsalA, naladamayaMtIsaMyogika kuraMga te pApI ho parasaMtAvaNa, sItArAmaviyogi. (gItasaMgraha-0) * aganidhIkatI mehalI nIsaraI, kIdhI viNajhArAnI rIti. * avaguNa ekaI taI siI na dAkhavila, valagata jehanI re bAMha, manaduHkha manamAM UlaTIvI vIsamaI, jima kUnIri chAMha. (gItasaMgraha-61) kehane kehano vedha ki, tasa mani ko gamatuM re, hUM jhare jasa kAja ki, so bIjai ramAI re. (rAjula gIta) milavAnuM mana nahaI tu tAM, Utara sudhau dIjaI, UMcA aMba taNI pari ketAM, dUri dADhi galAvAM. (sArthapatikozA gIta). RSidarAnI vanathI vidAyane prasaMge vanasRSTi ane RSidanAnI parasparanI viyogaprIti ApaNanA hRdayane bhIMjavI de tevA mArdavathI ne viSAdasabharatAthI vyakta thaI che. Ama to e kavie kareluM varNana che paNa emAM ceSTAo uparAMta RSidattAnA udgArono ghaNo Azraya levAyelo che ne emAM pUrvaprasaMgonI smRti. AtmIyatA, lADa, AzvAsana, AtmanirbharsanA vagere manobhAvothI vaicitrya AvyuM vanataranaI kahaI suMdari, nIra bhari loaNAM re, khamayo savi aparAdha ki. bAMdhava mujha taNA re, letI kusumasaMbhAra ki, komala pallavA re, phala atimadhura savAdi ki, dinidini navanavA re." 9.11 sahIa samANI komala, phUlatabake bharI ke, veli syauM deI AliMgana, valIvalI hita dharI re, putra samANA ropa ki, siMcAI AMsUjalaI re, dhaI AsIsa udAra ki, "phalayo bahu laI re.' 9.12 vanadevatinaI pagi paDI, sIkha mAgai satI re, mokalAva) kelIzuka, keki syauM vilapatI re, Ima mata jANau haMsa je. mAyA pariharI re, milavA Avayo vegi ki, bahininaI mani dharI re." 9.13 mRgalInaI kahaI, prIya sakhI, prAMNathI tuhe prIyA re, huM paradesiNi paMkhiNi, utArU mata mayA re,

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148 | madhyakAlIna gujarAtI jaina sAhitya e tAtajInauM thAnaka, tumha sArU karyauM re, tumha huM vici tAtacitti ki, na hatuM AMtaruM re.' 9.14 suta sarisAM mRgabAlaka, te savi khalabhalyAM re, cAlatI jANI suMdarI, tava TolaI milyAM re, je pAlyAM udghagi ki, vAhAlA prANathI re, posyo nija kara premathI, paravaryA pAkhathI re. 9.15 RSidattA kahaI tehanaI, AMsU varasatI re, mujha sarikhI ko nIThara, nAri jagi nathI re, jehavI AbhAMchAMha ki pANI-lIhaDI re, jhabakaI dAkhavaI cheha, videzI prItaDI re. 9.16 UcAU DhuM moha, vicakSaNa kuMNa karaDe re, nIDara mehali jaMti ki, paradukha navi dharaI re, dalavalatAM mRgabAlika, mehalatI gahiMbarI re, raDIraDI bharyA talAva ki, sasanehI kharI re. 9.17 A badhuM jotAM ema nathI lAgatuM ke jayavaMtasUrinI kRtiomAM sneharasano sAgara UlaTyo che ? karuNa : sneharasano eka vivarta - vipralaMbhazRMgAra karuNanI ghaNI najIka AvI jAya che. paraMtu jyAre priyajanano nityaviraha - mRtyu ke evA kAraNathI - AlekhAyo hoya tyAre to e karaNa ja kahevAya. karuNanuM Alekhana khAsa karIne "RSidattA rAsamAM thayuM che ane emAM paNa kavinI kSamatA varatAI Ave che. RSidattA para je vItyuM tethI ane enA pote mAnelA mRtyuthI AghAta pAmelA kanakarathanA vilApamAM gherA karUNanI abhivyakti che. pUrvaprItinAM saMbhAraNAMthI e karuNane dhAra maLI che jenuM udAharaNa ApaNe AgaLa joI gayA chIe. ahIM thoDI vadhu kaDIo namUnA rUpe joIe ? 'sUDA sAlahI mora krIDAnA, te raDAM tAharaI viyogaI re, sUkAM sarovara AMsUnIraI, pUraI sakhIjana zokaI re. 22.11 jananayane vasIu varasAlI, unhAlI nIsAI re. AkaMpaI aMgaI sIAlau, suMdari tAharai viNAI re. 22.12 nAgaloka kaI gamana karyuM taI, jIpivA nAgakumArI re, kaI raMbhAnuM garva haNavA, amarapurI saMbhArI re. 22.15 vani tAharaI tuM ramatI hatI. maI duHkha devA AMNI re, tu puruSAratha jaga syauM mAharu, jau maI tuM na rakhAMNI re. 22.16 tAharI krIDAnAM thAnaka dekhI, mujha mani sAla sAla re, tujha pAkhaI syauM jIvyauM suMdari, pIDaI virahanI jhAlA re." 22.20

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paMDita, rasaza, sarjaka kavi jayavaMtasUri 149 hiva kanakaratha kAminIguNa, samarisamari dinarAti. lavalaI nUraI dukhabhariI, navi gamaI kehanI vAta. 23.1 navi gamaI vINAgAna manahara, navi karaI tanasaMbhAla, yogI taNI pari thaI rahyauM, mehalI nIsAsAjhAla. 23.2 re bhUmi tuM avakAza ghaI, pAtAla paisau jema, guNavaMta gorI taNAM virahaI, huM dhare jIvita kema ? 23. 6 jau viraha tAharai prANa na gayA, taka kharu kaThina subhAva, atha daiva mujha jIvata dIyala, sahivA re viraha-saMtAva." 23.8 kanakaratha-vilApi paravata, khaMDaIkhaMDa te thAI, nIMjharaNa jima nayanAM vahaI, te keLavyAM na jAI. 23.9 | pitAnA mRtyuprasaMge RSidarAnA vilApamAM paNa pitAnA vAtsalyanI smRti vaNAyelI che te ApaNe AgaLa joI gayA chIe. e vilApamAM AtmaniMdA, adhUrA abhilASano saMtApa vagerethI karuNa kevo utkaTa banyo che te joIe ? tana tijI na jAI prANa, tI kaThina huM niravANi, pariharI kehaI dozi, ati thayuM kAM tai roSa? mani hatI vAta anaMta, kahAM vasaI tAta udata ? baIThI tithi pIu pAri, ubhaMgi suta savilAsika suvilAsa suta cauM harakhi Avasi tAtajInaI pAya, te rora manoratha taNI rItaI, savi vAta rahI mana mAMhi. 8.4 SadarAnA vilApamAM vipattijanya karuNa che. e karuNane paNa AtmasaMtApa, asahAyatA jevA bhAvo vedhaka banAve che? snaI rAnamAM mokaluM mehalI rovata saralaI sAdi re.. AMsudhAra ASADhI ghana syuM, jANe lAu vAda re. 18.2 'taNi velAMI pAsuM tAharu, jale huM mUkI nAvatI tAta re, tala navi paDatI anarathasAgari dukha haIyaDaI na samAta re. 18.3 prANa thakI huM vallabha huMtI, tujanaI suNi prANanAtha re, A dukha-taralataraMgi taNAtAM. kanakarathI zu hAtha re. 18.5 maI bhUMDII tuhanaI lAja aNAvI, te kihAM chUTisi pApa re, tAharA guNanI huM dAMNI ghaNI (pA. dANIgiNi) tuM chAyA huM tApa re." 18.7 nisAsaI soSI vanarAjI, raviraDi bhaya talAva re, khaga mRga nAga tasu karuNa vilApaI, pAmyA dukhasaMtAva re. 18.9 haiDu dukha bharAI AvyauM, AMsU akhaMDI dhAra re, koI na raDatAM rAkhaI vanamAM, koI na ThAraNahAra re. 18.10

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150 D madhyakAlIna gujarAtI jaina sAhitya A karuNa vilapanamAM paNa pitAnA vAtsalya ane patinI prItino praveza thayA vinA rahyo nathI e batAve che ke karuNa kavine mana sneharasano eka vivarta che. rasazabalatA : vIgata pasaMdagI ne vADmayogonuM baLa "SidanA rAsamAM kavie bhinnabhinna raso AlekhavAnI taka lIdhI che - adbhuta, bhayAnaka, jugupsA vagere. eTaluM ja nahIM ekathI vadhu rasone ekasAthe bheLavyA che ne e rIte rasazabalatA siddha karI che. rAnamAM ravaDatI RSidattAnA nIcenA varNanamAM karuNa bhayAnakathI puSTa thayela che ane sthitiviparyayanA citraNe e karuNane tIkSNatA arpe che: cita vAlaI Ima ApaNauM, paNi vAlyauM na jAI, paravata phATAM ghaNaI dukhaI, nIlA jhADa sUkAI. 20.1 dhIkaI agani-aMgIThaDI, velU jaMgha samAMNI, parasevo khalahala vahAM, jANe nIMjhara-vANI. 20. 2 adhara phAI, sUkaI galauM, jAI sAsi bharaNI, chAMha mAtra pAMI nahI, kihAMI navi lahaI pANI. 20.4 kihAMika phaNigara phUphUi, kihAM kyAu phekAI, ghora ghUka nihAMI ghUghUi, kihAMI vAgha huMkAra. 20.6 kihAMkiNI khoha bihAmaNI, kihAMI gUMgara moTA, dekhatAM hIaDuM haDabaDaI, kihAMI mAragi kuMTA. 20.7 kusumaseji bIMTa khUcataI, nIMda na AvatI jAya, ehavI velA tehanaI paDai, hA hA daivavilAsa. 20.8 sUrijIkaraNa tani jehanaI, navi lAgai kahII, rAMna mAMhi te raDavaDaI, paDaI pAthari mahII. 20.9 navanIta pAMhi kualI, huMtI jasa tanavADI, te RSidattA tiNi samaI, thaI vajathI gADhI. 20.10 RSidattAne hatyArI TheravI mArI nAkhavA laI javAmAM Ave che te vakhatanuM enuM varNana jugupsA ane bhayanI lAgaNI jagADanAruM che paNa enuM paryavasAna to karuNamAM ISTa che ? cUMnau te copaDyau sIsaI, bIlIphala-jhUMbana dIsaI, - vikRta vesa. 17.6 sUpaDAnauM chatra dharAI, lahikati cUMthA cAmaro, ArohI kharAI. 17.7 lIMbaDAMna taNI mAlA, ThavI te kaMThaI vizAlA, dIsaI karAlA. 17.8 hIMga te vilepyauM tatra, aSII kharaDyauM vadatra, dIsaI viSatra. 17.9 ThAmoThAmi pauraloka, gAli dITha thokithIki, pIDaDyA te zoki. 17.10

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paMDita, rasajJa, sarjaka kavi jayavaMtari 151 Agali kANAli vAgaI, loka tasu keDaI lAgai, dukhaDuM jAgai. 17.12 satInaI saMtApI gADhI, serIserI ati DI. bAhiri kADhI. 17.13 sulasA yoginInA kapaTanA pariNAme nagaramAM thayelA utpAtanuM citra adbhuta, raudra, bhayAnaka ane karuNanuM vAtAvaraNa UbhuM kare che rathamaInapuri kIA re daMdolA, serIserI karekanA TolA, maMdirimaMdiri kIMnI mArI, vilapati saba jana ThAhAroThArI. 12.3 janasUkI bhaI nIjharaNI, zokAnalakI bhaI tana-araNI, hAhAkAra karati saba loka, saba jana vyAkula bhae sazokA. 12.4 dahanakuM pAvati nahIM avakAzA, kuNapathI gaMdhi pUrI saba AkAzA, bAlaka vRddha yuvajana mAya hasatAM strIjana ko na UgAya. 12.5 jayavaMtasUrinAM A rasacitraNo svaccha, surekha, alaMkAronA ThaThArA ne raMgabhabhaka vinAnAM, paNa enI vIgatapasaMdagIthI ne vAdmayogothI dhArI asara nipajAvanArAM che. kavinuM e rasakauzala lakSa bahAra rahevuM na ghaTe. subhASitonA rasiyA kavinuM subhASitakauzala jayavaMtasUri subhASitonA bhAre rasiyA che. "zRMgAramaMjarI'ne subhASitamaMjarI banAvI dIdhI che e enuM jvalaMta udAharaNa che. paNa kavi mAtra subhASitonA rasiyA nathI, emAM emanI bhAre pravINatA paNa che. emanI kRtimAM subhASito kevaLa bodhAtmaka laTakaNiyAM tarIke nathI AvatAM, e kRtino jaDa niSkriya aMza nathI hoto. kAryazIla aMza hoya che. e prasaMgamAMthI phUTe che, pAtronA manobhAva sAthe saMkaLAya che (ghaNI vAra to pAtrodgAro rUpe Ave che), jagatanA vizALa anubhavanA nicoDarUpa ne ApaNane coTa lagAve. camatkRta kare ke ApaNA mATe bhAthuM banIne rahe evA jAtabhAtanA, avanavIna vicAronuM e najarANuM hoya che tathA sUtrAtmakatA, vANInI vakratA ne vedhakatA temaja saralasahaja chatAM AbAda rIte vicArasamarthaka sAdRzyo ne dRSTAMto vaDe prabhAvaka banelAM hoya che. "zRMgAramaMjarI'mAM snehane kendramAM rAkhIne kavie keTalAbadhA viSayo AvarI lIdhA che ! - prItilakSaNa, anurUpa strIpuruSayugala, saMyogaprema, viraprema, prItibhaMga, prItine khAtara pIDA sahana, maitrI, sajjanalakSaNa, sajjanaprIti, sajjanasmRti, guNaprIti, sajjana-durjanasaMbaMdha, kubolano prabhAva, laghupaNAno mahimA, gurumahimA, kAvyarasa, prabaMdhaguNa, gIta-saMgItano mahimA, rasika ane mUrkha zrotA, sukavivacana, kukavivacana vagere. - e kavinI apAra vicArasamRddhi darzAve che. "zRMgAramaMjarInAM udAharaNo e vizenI laghu pustikA (jayaMta koThArI,1987)mAM apAI gayAM hovAthI ahIM anya kRtiomAMthI ja thoDAM udAharaNa noMdhIe.

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15ra D madhyakAlIna gujarAtI jaina sAhitya RSidanA navA jAgelA premano saMtApa anubhave che tenuM varNana ApaNe AgaLa noMdhyuM che. emAM snehadazAviSayaka subhASitarUpa uktio sahaja rIte ja vaNAI gayelI joI zakAze. mRgalAnI vidAya letAM RSidattAe karelA videzInI prItaDI to abhranI chAyA jevI che' vagere udgAra subhASitarUpa ja che ne ? ekaniSTha sAcI prIti aMgenI nIcenI subhASitoktio RSidarAnA kanakaratha sAthenA praNayasukhanA saMdarbhe ne RSidattAnA mananA vicAro rUpe rajU thaI che. emAM dRSTAMtone keTalAM badhAM khapamAM lIdhelAM che ! phaTika sarIkhAM mANasa, teha svauM kuMNa milaI re, te viralA jaga mAMhi ki, prItaI je palai re. 9.6 bhujabali udadhi ulaMghana, nAga khelAvanA re, kharA dohilA hoi ki, prItikA pAlanA re. 97 zasi syauM nahIM sasanehI, kamalanI ravi vinA re, mANasa teha pramANa che, prIta ekamanA re. 9.8 RSidattA para ALa AvyuM tyAre ene nirdoSa mAnato kanakaratha ene AzvAsana Ape che te prasaMge kavi eka subhASita TapakAvI de che : avaguNa saghalA chAvarai, je jasu vallabha huMti, sarasava jetA doSanaI, doSI meru karaMti. 13 duhA 5. pitAnA Azrame AvatAM zraSidattAnuM haiyuM hAthamAM rahetuM nathI e saMdarbhamAM mukAyelA A subhASitamAM kevA tAjagIbharelA dRSTAMtanI gUMthaNI che ! - pAMhaNa pAvaka parajalaI, phATAM piNa milaI vArai, sajjana dIThaI dukha saMbhAraI, AvaI haIDalA bAraI. 20.14 (paththara upara agni prajvale che, paNa vArino yoga thatAM paththara phATI paDe che. svajanane jotAM duHkhanI smRti thAya che ane e hRdayanI bahAra UchaLI paDe che.) A pUrve karela alaMkAraracanAnA nirUpaNamAM tathA virahodgAronI noMdhamAM paNa subhASitarUpa uktionA keTalAka dAkhalA AvI gayelA che. tyAM uktine maLelI sAdRzyaracanAnI, dRSTAMtanI, anyoktinI madada ne tethI sadhAyelI pratyakSatA tathA vyaMgAtmakatA paNa pratIta thaze. moTA bhASAsvAmI chelle, have jayavaMtasUrinA bhASAsAmarthyanI vAta. kavi je kaMI siddha kare che te chevaTe bhASA dvArA ja siddha kare che ne ? tethI ja bhASAsajja ne bhASAsamartha na hoya ane kavi hoya e bene zI rIte ? paNa bhASAsajjatA ane bhASAsAmarthya judAjudA prakAranAM hoya che. judIjudI koTinAM hoya che. bhASAnA aneka paheluomAMthI eka yA bIjAno upayoga karanArAM hoya che. jayavaMtasUrinA bhASAviniyogamAM paNa keTalAMka lakSaNo tAravI zakAya. eka to, e vividha bhASAbhedone aucityathI,

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paMDita, rasa, sarjaka kavi jayavaMtasUri I 153 kAryakSamatAthI, sahajapaNe prayoje che. emanAmAM saMskRta tatsama zabdo ne samAsaracanAo jaDe che, je praziSTatAnI, zliSTatAnI, gauravanI ane prauDhinI AbohavA UbhI kare che. ApaNe prAcIna kAvyaparaMparAnuM anusaMdhAna anubhavIe chIe ane mANIe chIe. prAkRta bhASAnA prayogo emAM thoDI judI sugaMdha pUre che. varNanomAM, AlaMkArika citraNomAM zleSa, yamaka jevA zabdAlaMkAromAM kavinI A bhASAsajjatAnuM ghaNuM arpaNa che. paNa sAthe ja taLapadI bolAtI gujarAtI bhASA paNa kavine eTalI ja hAthavagI che. subhASito, pAtrogAro vageremAM enuM pravartana joI zakAya che. enAthI kAvyamAM rUrti tAjagI ane AtmIyatAno anubhava ApaNe karIe chIe. prasaMge vraja-hiMdIno prayoga paNa kavi kare che - sulasA yoginIe nagaramAM vartAvelA utpAtanuM varNana vraja-hiMdInI bhASAchaTAmAM thayuM che te keTaluM aucityapUrNa ane asarakAraka lAge che ! -, keTalAMka pado hiMdImAM ja racAyelAM che ne hiMdInAM chAMTaNAM to kavinI gujarAtI kRtiomAM avAranavAra maLe che. urdU-phArasI zabdo paNa enA viziSTa raNakA sAthe avAranavAra maLe che. A badhAMnAM udAharaNo A pUrve uddhata thayelI paMktiomAM jaDI Avaze, tema chatAM ahIM thoDAka namUnAo joIe. saMskRta tatsama zabdoH arati, karaMka, kuNapa, kelIzuka, (ekasAthe AvatA vadhu zabdo) gaura kapola zazIbiMba, unnata pIna payodhara, unnata zyAma sucUcaka, (samAsAtmaka zabdo) zuSkapayodhara, bhasmadhUsara, kuruviMdacitrita, kusumasaMbhAra, madanAlasa, suratarasasabhara, lakSaNachaMdavihIna, bhUmisaMbhava-muniyutA, zabda-arthasusaMgatA vagere. prAkRta zabdo ane rUpo : gAA (AthA, kAvya), gIya (gIta, gAna, saMgIta), suvatra (suvaNa), paramatya (paramArtha), surama (suramya), jimmu (jema), mayaNeNa, lahati vagere. taLapadA zabdo : (lADabhaya, gaLacaTTA) thoDilA, haiDAM, taMbolaDu sanehaDa jiMbAraDu, lIhaDI, keraDu (ke), (anya viziSTa zabdo) khoTArA, TUkaDuM, AlAluMbu, (samAsAtmaka zabdo) bolyauMcAlyauM, asUra-savAra, mukhamaTako. nayaNamelAvaDo, durijanabolaNA, manarIjhavaNuM, phUlatabaka (phUlanuM stabaka, jhUmakhuM), nayanacakorAM vagere. hiMdI-urdU-phArasI zabdo : (ghaNA zabdo samAna hovAthI eka sAthe darzAvyA che) khalaka, dIdAra, khabara (sudhasAna), khurabAna (kurabAna), majare devuM (svIkAravuM), mIhanati (vinaMtI), (gujarAtI katimAM vaparAyela hiMdI zabdo) bichUryA, bahuterI, kInI, motinahArA vagere. | gujarAtI rUDhiprayogo, kahevato. sUtrAtmaka uktio paNa thokabaMdha jovA maLe che. "aNamAya maraI' "dUrithI dADha gaLAve' jevA prayogo cAlu pravAhamAM sahaja rIte

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154 [] madhyakAlIna gujarAtI jaina sAhitya goThavAI jAya che. kanubhAI zeThe 'zRMgAramaMjarI'mAMthI so uparAMta rUDhiprayogAdinI ane nipuNA dalAle 'RSidattA rAsa'mAM sittera jeTalAM rUDhiprayogAdinI yAdI karI che te kavine bhASAnI A lAkSaNikatA keTalIbadhI hAthavagI che te batAve che. kavinI vAkchaTAno paricaya ApatI keTalIka viziSTa vAkyabhaMgio uktibhaMgio ane enI kAryasAdhakatA joI laIe. 'salUNA sAthI ko mujha melai tAsa, huM tau tehanau bhavabhava dAsa'mAM 'huM teno bhavabhavano dAsa' e lokabolIno lAkSaNika prayoga che ane ahIM saluNA sAthI sAthenA milanano mahimA bolanArane mana keTalobadho che te e batAve che. 'lAkha TaMkAnu lekha'mAM 'lAkha TakAnu' e rUDhiprayoga paNa lekhanI asAdhAraNa mUlyavattA sUcave che. 'evaDuM jora kissuM dAsI syuM, kIDInai phoja kIsa'mAM 'kIDI upara kaTaka' e kahevatanA upayogathI pAtranA manobhAvane mUrtatA sAMpaDe che. ketI kIjai rIva, jANaNahArA vIchaDyA'mAM ketI kIjai rIva' e praznArthavAkya 'rIva' (cIsa, pokAra)nI nirarthakatA ne bolanAranI lAcAra manodazAne vyakta kare che. A bolacAlanI eka vyApaka laDhaNa che. *so baiThai, so sovatai, so bhamatai, so vAti'mAM "so' (te)nuM punarAvartana enI sarvavyApitAne AbAda lUMTe che. -- sAmasAme toLAtA virodhamUlaka vAkyonI racanA to keTalIbadhI jovA maLe che ! 'sagapaNa hui tu DhAMkIi re, prIta na DhAMkI jAi'mAM 'sagapaNa' ane 'prIti' sAmasAme mUkyAM che ane ethI abhipreta artha hRdayasoMsaravo UtarI jAya evuM thayuM che. 'Aja ghAli li bAMhaDI, paramaI piyArai dezi'mAM 'Aja' ane 'kAla' (parama) satvara sthitiviparyaya vartanabhedanAM vAhaka banyAM che. A paNa eka bolacAlanI laDhaNa che. 'phAguNi holI sahu karai, vIMchaDyA hI bArai mAsa'mAM 'sahu' tathA 'virahI' (vIchaDyA) ane 'phAgaNamAM' tathA 'bAre mAsa'no virodha racAyo che temaja banne paratve 'hoLI'no arthasaMketa badalAya che. eka saghana marmasabhara uktino A namUno bane che. -- vayara vasAyuM kIdhau neha'mAM be vAkyone bAjubAjumAM mUkyAM che. emanI vacce virodha nathI paNa paryAyAtmakatA che. sneha karyo te ja vera dAkhavyuM ! A eka lAkSaNika vAkyachaTA che. jayavaMtarinI bhASAnA A citramAM umerIe prAsa, zabdAlaMkAra, arthAlaMkAra vagere nimitte pragaTa thatI bhASAsaMpata eTale jayavaMtasUri keTalA moTA bhASAsvAmI che e samajAyA vinA nahIM rahe. # kAvyakalAnAM sarva aMomAM anupama kauzala darzAvatA jayavaMtasUri

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paDita, rasa, sarjaka kavi jayavaMtasUri D 155 madhyakALamAM virala evA paMDita. rasajJa, sarjaka kavi che. emanI kAvyasRSTi Aje paNa kAvyarasikone parama hRdya bane evI che. saMdarbhasAhitya mudrita AtmAnaMda prakAza, pu.21 aM.7 tathA aM. 10 - jayavaMtasUri', mohanalAla dalIcaMda dezAI. RSidanA rAsa, saMpA. nipuNA dalAla, 1973. kakkAbatrIzInA caMdrAvalA tathA covIsa tIrthaMkarAdikanA caMdrAulAno saMgraha, 1885 - sImaMdharasvAmI caMdrAulA'. gujarAtI sAhityakoza, khaMDa 1, madhyakALa, saMpA. jayaMta koThArI vagere, 1989 - "jayavaMtasUri', RSidanA rAsa', "zRMgAramaMjarI'. jaina gUrjara kavio, bIjI AvRtti, bhA. 2, saMgrA. mohanalAla da. dezAI, saMpA. jayaMta koThArI, 1987. , prAcIna phAgu saMgraha, saMpA. bhogIlAla ja. sAMDesarA, somAbhAI pArekha, 1955 - 'sthUlibhadrA kozA premavilAsa phAga'. prAcIna madhyakAlIna bAramAsA saMgraha, bhA.1, saMpA. zivalAla jesalapurA, 1974 - neminAtha-rAjimatI bAramAsa'. zamAmRta. saMpA. muni dharmavijaya, 1923 - neminAtha stavana'. zRMgAramaMjarI, saMpA. kanubhAI zeTha, 1978. zRMgAramaMjarI, jayaMta koThArI, 1987. hastaprato A mATe juo jaina gUrjara kavio bhA.2; SidanA rAsa, saMpA. nipuNA dalAla tathA zRMgAramaMjarI, saMpA. kanubhAI zeTha. (chellA be graMthomAM saMpAdita kRti uparAMtanI anya kRtionI hastapratonI paNa noMdha che.)

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kavi kuzalalAbha vADIlAla cokasI kavino kavanakALa I.sa.nA soLamA zatakanA uttarArdhanA kuzalalAbha eka samartha gujarAtI kavi che. teo kharataragacchanA jinacaMdrasUrinA ziSya upAdhyAya abhayadharmanA ziSya hatA. upAdhyAya abhayadharmanA A uparAMta bIjA be ziSyo nAme bhAnu caMdra ane rAmacaMdra hatA. A mAhitI te samayanA eka sArA zrAvaka kavi banArasIdAsanA adhakathAnaka' (ardha AtmakathA, I.sa.1601)mAMthI prApta thAya che. sAkSarazrI mo. da. dezAInA jaina gUrjara kavio ane Agamodaya samiti, suratanA "AnaMdakAvya mahaudadhi - mauktika 7' Adi uparathI kavi vize keTalIka mAhitI sAMpaDe che. temanI prApta kRtionI racanAsAlo pramANe temano kavanakALa I.sa. 1560thI 1569no eTaleke lagabhaga 10 varSano jaNAya che. kavinA guru ane be gurubaMdhuo sivAya kavinAM mAtApitA, janma, dIkSA, vAcakapada ane svargavAsa vagere aMgenI anya kazI mAhitI prApta thatI nathI. kavinI kRtio kavie kula cAra moTI kRtio gujarAtImAM ane eka moTI kRti rAjasthAnImAM racI che. 1. mAdhavAnala copAI (I.sa.1560) : 666 kaDInI A kRti "AnaMda kAvya mahodadhi - mauktika 7'mAM cI.DA. dalAla ane haragoviMdadAsa kAMTAvALAnA paricayalekho sAthe chapAI che. 2. jinarakSita jinapAlita saMdhi (I.sa.1565) : dAna, zIla, tapa ane bhAvanuM mAhAtma darzAvatI 89 kaDInI A kRti chapAI nathI. 3. tejasAra rAsa (I.sa.1568) : dIpapUjAnuM mAhAbhya darzAvatI 415 kaDInI A kRti aprasiddha che. 4. agaDadatta copAI ke rAsa (I.sa.1569) : 228 kaDInI A kRti paNa apragaTa che. 5. DholA mAra copAI (I.sa.1561) : 703 kaDInI A kRtino ghaNo bhAga rAjasthAnI bhASAmAM che. "AnaMdakAvya mahaudadhi - mauktika 7'mAM e mudrita svarUpe maLe che.

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kavi kuzalalAbha | 157 A pAMceya kRtio parathI kavino kavanakALa I.sa.1560thI 1569 nizcita thAya che. A uparAMta kavie traNa nAnI kRtio 1. navakAra chaMda (rAsa), 2. zrI sthaMbhana pArzvanAtha stavana ane 3. goDI pArzvanAtha stavana racI che. A traNe khaMDakAvya prakAranAM bhaktikAvyo gaNI zakAya. kuzalalAbhanI moTI pAMca kRtiomAMthI traNa to apragaTa che, ane pragaTa kRtiomAMthI 'DholA mAru copAI' vizeSataH rAjasthAnI bhASAmAM hovAthI mukhyatve mAdhavAnala copAI'nA AdhAre kavinI pratibhAnuM mUlyAMkana karavAnuM rahe che. joke DholA mAru copAI' paNa A kavinI pratibhA AMkavAmAM madadarUpa thAya ema che. pahelAM ApaNe kuzalalAbhanI mahattvanI kRti mAdhavAnala copAIne tapAsIe : mAdhavAnala copAInuM kathAvastuH "mAdhavAnala copAI'nuM kathAnaka te samayamAM lokapriya hovAnuM jaNAya che. "AnaMdakAvya mahaudadhi - moktika 7mAM zrI cI.DA. dalAla ane zrI haragoviMdadAsa kAMTAvALAe A kRtinI kathAno paricaya ApatAM kavi kanakasuMdaranI mAdhavAnala-kathAno paNa ullekha karyo che. zAmaLa bhaTe siMhAsana-batrIsI'mAM A vAta 26mI vArtA tarIke ApI che. yuropIya vidvAno saMskRta mAdhavAnalakathAne nIrasa premavAta gaNI kADhe che. paraMtu gujarAtI vArtA rasika hovA uparAMta zIlanuM mAhAbhya tathA prAdhAnya pratipAdita karanArI che. gujarAtI kRti "mAdhavAnala dompaka prabaMdha'mAM ane tethI vizeSa kavi kuzalalAbha vAcakanA mAdhavAnala kAmakandalA rAsa'mAM A viSaya sArI rIte prarUpelo che. mAdhavanuM rUpa strIonuM bhAnasAna bhulAvI daIne temane tenI pAchaLa ja bhamAve che. paNa mAdhavane mana to sarva strIo mAtA-bahena samAna che. tevI ja rIte kAmakaMdalA joke vezyA che topaNa mAdhava sivAya avara koIne cAhatI nathI. AthI baMneno prema zIlamaya tathA vizuddha che. ane tethI ja rAjA vikrama te baMneno saMjoga joDI Ape che. jayaMtI apsarA potAnA pRthvIlokanA premI mAdhavAnalane bhamaro banAvI kaMcukImAM chAno rAkhIne IndrasabhAmAM nRtya kare che. Ane laIne indranA bIjA zApathI vezyAputrI tarIke janmelI kAmakaMDalA zreSThionAM asaMkhya pralobhano chatAM temanI samakSa kevaLa nRtya ja kare che ane potAnA zIlane pUrNapaNe sAcave che. ekavAra kAmakaMDalA rAjyasabhAmAM nRtya karI rahI hoya che tyAM mAdhavAnalanuM Agamana thatAM bannene jAtismaraNa jJAna thAya che. te samaye mAdhavAnalanA rUpamAM rANIo ane purajanonI strIo ghelI thavAthI kopAyamAna thayelo rAjA tene dezanikAla kare che. gokhe beThelI kAmakaMdalA mAdhavane jato joI potAne tyAM bolAve che ane banne ratisukha mANe che. te pachI mAdhavAnalanA virahamAM kAmakaMDalA soLe zaNagAra tyajI daIne virahamAM samaya gALe che. potAnI mAtA ane parapuruSasaMga karavA ane sukhamAM rahevA Agraha

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158 ] madhyakAlIna gujarAtI jaina sAhitya kare che topaNa te enI vAta ThukarAve che ane kevaLa svanivAse AvanA2ne kevaLa nRtyAdithI ja khuza karavAnI hA bhaNe che. vikramarAjAnI ujjainInagarI pahoMcelo mAdhavAnala eka divasa kAmAvatI nagarIe jatA kSatriya sAthe kAmakaMdalAne patra mokale che, ane kAmakaMdalA eno je pratyuttara pAThave che e baMnemAM emanI tIvra virahavedanA ane sAcI prIti pragaTa thAya che. bhIMte lakhelI virahagAthA parathI rAjA vikramAdityane mAdhavAnalanI virahavyathAnI jANa thAya che ane chevaTe mAdhavAnalakAmakaMdalAne meLavI ApavAmAM sahAya thAya che. A kathAvastumAM keTalAMka camatkArika tattvo paNa vaNAI gayAM che. jemake jayaMtI apsarAnuM pRthvI para zIlA thaIne paDavuM, mAdhavAnala sAthe ramatamAM lagna thatAM pASANamAMthI jayaMtInuM asala apsarA rUpe pragaTa thavuM, mAdhavAnala ane kAmakaMdalAne sajIvana karavA vetAlanuM pAtALamAMthI amRta lAvavuM vagere prasaMgomAM AvAM camatkArika tattvo joI zakAze. 'mAdhavAnala copAI' kAvyakRti tarIke : A kRtimAM keTalAMka varNano noMdhapAtra banyAM che. svargaloka, indrasabhA, mALavAdeza, ujjainanagarI, ane vikramarAjAnAM varNano chaTAdAra banyAM che. kAmakaMdalAnA rUpa-sauMdaryanuM ane eNe sarjelA soLe zaNagAranAM varNana paNa noMdhapAtra banyAM che. AkhIye kRtimAM vaccevacce prAkRta ane saMskRta gAthAo ane zloko subhASito rUpe AraMbhathI aMta sudhI mukAyAM che. kula 666 kaDIonI A racanAmAM lagabhaga 1/3 bhAga to A saMskRta-prAkRta gAthAo-zlokoe rokyo che. joke tene laIne kavinA prAkRta-saMskRtanA UMDA jJAnano paricaya maLe che. keTalAMka subhASito joIe H kaMsAsura kaurava karaNa, titi rAvaNa nAma, garva pramANe namADiyA, rAjariddhi maMDANa. sAlaMkAra sulakSaNI, sarasI chaMdA itti, aNaAvaMti tanu dahai, gAhA, mahilA, mitta. * caturAI vighA paramANa, devidesa hui bahumAna. * puni viNa zazI khaMDu thAi, zazI viNa punima lIjai vAya. samasyApUrti e paNa madhyakAlIna gujarAtI sAhityanI eka viziSTatA che, ane A kathAmAM to 61 jeTalI saMkhyAmAM samasyAo rajU thaI che. mAdhavAnala ane kAmakaMdalA vacce cAturIbharI samasyAo Ave che. udAharaNa tarIke 1. mAdhavAnala : prItama poDhyo mahala mAri, puhapakadaMDa paThAvai nArI, upara zaMka2 pannaga rAji, caMpaka likhiyo kaho kuNa kAji. (282) -

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kavi kuzalalAbha | 1pa9 kAmakaMDalA : mAyaNa bANa bhaya zaMkara likhaI, parimala jAI pavana ahi bhakhaI, likhiI caMpaka bhamara bhaeNa, e trasihu prI likhiyA teNi, (283) 2. mAdhavAnala : suMdarI ramaNI virahavyAkulI, vINa vajAvaI muMkaI valI, likhaI bhuyaMgama siMha kesarI, te kiNI kAraNi kahe suMdarI. (284). kAmakaMDalA : vAI viNa gamaNa nizi rAjI, nAda regi thaMbhile nizirAja, pII vahaMtu pannaga vAi, sisi vAdana mRga nAsI jAI. (285) A samasyAo duhA ane copAImAM rajU karAI che. kavinI rasavRtti, bhASAjJAna ane vyAvahArika anubhavanAM emAM darzana thAya che. ane A jaina sAdhukavine hiMdudharmanuM UMDuM jJAna paNa hatuM ema lAge che. AkhI kRti mukhyatve gAthA. duhA ane copAImAM racAI che. A kathAmAM jaina zAsana saMbaMdhI kAMIpaNa ullekha nathI. tethI jainetara samAjamAM paNa A kRti enI binasAMpradAyikatAne kAraNe lokapriya thayelI jaNAya che. DholA mAracopAIH kavinI A bIjI mahattvanI mudrita lAMbI kathanAtmaka racanA che. rAjasthAnanA eka atyaMta lokapriya kathAnakane Alekhe che. mAravaNInuM rAjakumAra DholA sAthe lagna thayuM che. paNa te nAnI hovAthI ene sAsare mokalavAmAM AvI nathI. te daramyAna Dholo mAlavaNI nAmanI anya kanyAne paraNe che, ane mAruvaNIne bhUlI jAya che. mAruvaNI jyAre yuvAna bane che tyAre DholA mATe jhUre che. paNa mAlavaNI ene DholA sudhI pahoMcavA detI nathI. paNa DholAne mAravaNIno saMdezo maLatAM Dholo mAravaNInA nagaramAM pahoMce che ane ene maLe che. pAchA pharatAM, mAruvaNIne sApa karaDe che. Dholo kASThabhakSaNa karavA taiyAra thAya che. paNa koI yogI ene sajIvana kare che. Dholo. mAruvaNI ane mAlavaNI aMte sukhapUrvaka sahajIvana gALe che. rAjasthAnamAM DholA-mArunA kathAnakavALA ati pracalita duhAno AdhAra A kRtinA kathAvastumAM levAyo che. copAIbaMdha kavino potAno che. emAM kavi vigatavAra prasaMganirUpaNa kare che ane "vAta' nAmaka gadyamAM kathAvistAra sAdhe che. Ama duhA-copAInI ane vAtanI sAmagrI thoDIka samAMtare cAlatI lAge che. A kRti kavie. I.sa.1562thI 1578 jemano rAjyakALa hato te jAdava rAula harirAjanA AnaMda mATe lakhI hovAno nirdeza maLe che. agaDadara copAI kerAsaH kavinI 228 kaDInI aprasiddha kathanAtmaka racanA che. saMsAramAM vairAgyabhAvanA keLavI AtmakalyANa sAdhanAra agaDadattamuninI A

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1da0 madhyakAlIna gujarAtI jaina sAhitya kathA che. tejasAra rAsaH dIpapUjAnuM phala-mAhAbhya dazavivA racAyelI 415 kaDInI A racanA che. AraMbhanA bhAgamAM kavi lakhe che : jiNahara jinavara AMgaliI, pUrAM jiho paiva. tejAra nRpa taNI pari, sukha bhogaI sadeva. A dazavei che ke jinapUjAne kAraNe sukha prApta karatA tejasAra nRpanI kathA ahIM kahevAI che. A uparAMta kuzaLalAbhe jinarakSita-jinapAlita saMdhi', pUjyavAhaNagIta', "goDI pArzvanAtha stavana', thaMbhana pArzvanAtha stavana', goDI pArzvanAtha chaMda', 'navakAramaMtrano chaMda', "bhavAnI chaMda' vagere kRtio racI che. joke e saumAM guruparaMparAno nirdeza maLato nathI. ekaMdare A kavinuM madhyakAlIna gujarAtI sAhityamAM 'mAdhavAnala copAI ane "DholA mAru copAI' e be prakAzita kRtio dvArA noMdhapAtra pradAna gaNI zakAya. A banne kRtione AdhAre teo eka sArA vArtAkAra hovAnI chApa pADe che. jyAre laghukRtiomAM eka jaina sAdhukavi tarIke jinabhakti, jinapratimA, dAna, zIla. tapa, bhAva Adino mahimA pragaTAvavAno prayAsa karyo che. I.sa.nA sattaramA zatakanA uttarArdhamAM madhyakAlIna jene gujarAtI sAhityamAM kuzaLalAbhe eka noMdhapAtra sthAna acUkapaNe prApta karyuM che.

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nayasuMdara caMdrakAMta mahetA soLamI sadInA samartha kavi nayasuMdara emanI aneka kRtiomAM potAno paricaya Ape che. emanA guruonI vaMzAvali Ape che. e mujaba eo upAdhyAya bhAnumerunA ziSya hatA. ane emaNe paNa upAdhyAyapada prApta karyuM hatuM. emano janma 1542mAM thayo hato. emanI prathama kRti "yazodharasRpa copAI eo vIza varSanA hatA, tyAre racI hatI. upalabdha mAhitI anusAra emaNe nava varSanI vaye dIkSA lIdhelI. nayasuMdare emanI aMtima kRti "zIla zikSA rAsa' I.sa.1613mAM eTale 71 varSanI vaye racI. Ama lagabhaga adha dAyakA sudhI emaNe sAhityaracanA karI. emaNe racelI 10 kathAtmaka kRtio vize mAhitI maLe che. emAMthI cAra kRtio hajI apragaTa che. emanI e kRtiomAMthI emane yaza apAve evI be racanAo utkRSTa che - "rUpacaMdakuMvara rAsa' ane "naladamayaMtI rAsa' - jemAMnI 'rUpacaMdakuMvara rAsa' emanI maulika racanA che, jyAre "naladamayaMtI rAsa' mANikyadevasUrinA mahAkAvya "nalAyanane AdhAre racAI che. kavine soLamI sadInA eka agragaNya kavi tarIke pratiSThita karanAra "rUpacaMdakuMvara rAsa' 1581mAM racAyelo che. e kAvya zRMgAra, hAsya. karuNa, bhayAnaka ema navarasarucira che. kavi pote ja maMgaLAcaraNamAM ene "zravaNasudhArasa rAsa' kahe kAvyamAM saMskRta, prAkRta, apabhraMza ema vividha bhASAomAM subhASito tathA samasyAo Ave che, je kavinuM aneka bhASA paranuM prabhutva darzAve che. kavie nAyikAnA mukhamAM kabIranAM padomAMthI paNa paMktio mUkI che. rUpacaMdakuMvara ane saubhAgyasuMdarI vaccenI samasyAnI jugalabaMdhI Azcaryamugdha kare evI che. emAM eTalIbadhI samasyA Ave che ke samasyAnuM avalaMbana laIne enA ghaNA prasaMgonI racanA thaI che. rUpacaMdakuMvara samasyA ukelI zake che, te mATe vikrama ene jelamAM pUre che, mAra mAre che ane eno bheda jANavA vikrama potAnI dIkarI ene paraNAve che ane dIkarI bheda jANI lAve che. Ama A rAsAne samasyArAsa nAma paNa ApI zakAya eTalI samasyAbahulatA che. te samayanA zrotAone samasyAo dvArA tathA adbhuta rasanA prasaMgo dvArA manoraMjana pUruM paDAtuM. A kathAmAM kavinI vaividhyapUrNa varNanazaktino paNa ApaNane mugdha kare evo

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12 D madhyakAlIna gujarAtI jaina sAhitya paricaya thAya che. nagaravarNana, strIpuruSarUpavarNana vastrAlaMkAravarNana, e badhAmAM eo premAnaMdanI haroLamAM besI zake eTalI kSamatAvALA che. saubhAgyasuMdarInuM varNana juo : * vadanakamaLa vikasita sadA punima caMda samAna. yUthabhraSTa hariNI taNAM locana lIdhAM udAlI, bihatI mRgalI bApaDI, jaI rahI vana vicAlI. * haMsagrIva sama phUTaDI, grIvA guNiyala manna, kaMThe jIvI kokilA, zyAma thaI gaI ranna. nAyaka ane nAyikAnI zRMgArakIDAnuM kavie tAddaza varNana karyuM che, je darzAve che ke navame varSe dIkSA lIdhI hovA chatAM kavine saMsAranI lIlAnI kevI vyApaka jANakArI hatI. kavie aneka dezIo tathA upamA, ulTekSA, vyatireka, ema aneka alaMkAro prayojI emanA kAvyane samRddha banAvyuM che. - kAvyane ane rUpacaMdakuMvara enI traNa patnIo ane anya nagarazreSThio ema aneka jaNa potAnA pUrvabhavanI vAta sAMbhaLI dIkSA le che. keTalAka kahe che ke pAMcamA khaMDamAM nAyikanAyikAnuM punarmilana thAya, e kalyANarAjyanuM nimaNi kare, tyAM kathAno anta che. chaThThA khaMDamAM to dhamapadeza ane dIkSA Ave che, je kathA bhAga lAgato nathI, paraMtu AjanAM kATalAMe A kRtione na mapAya. jaina kRtio karmaphaLanA siddhAMtane pratipAdita karavA racAyelI hoya che, eTale pUrvabhava ke pUrvabhavomAM zuM pApa karelAM ke jenAM phaLo A bhavamAM bhogavavA paDyAM, tenI jANa ane pariNAme kama khapAvavA dIkSA laI, dharmadhyAnamAM jIvana vyatIta karavuM e lakSyanI siddhi kathAnuM ati Avazyaka aMga banI jAya che. eTale zAmaLanI vAtIonI jema khAdhuM pIdhuM ane rAja karyuM. evo anta jaina kathAomAM na ja hoI zake. jaina munio zRMgAranuM vistArathI nirUpaNa kare, paNa e zRMgArano upabhoga pAtrone dorI jAya to zAMta rasa tarapha ja. nayasuMdare A rAsanI zarUAtamAM ja ene vize spaSTatA karatAM kahyuM che ke - prathama zRMgArarasa thApiyo, cheDo zAMtarase vyApiyo. kathopakathana, varNana, prasaMgonI gUMthaNI, sajIva pAtranirUpaNa, manovaijJAnika evuM mAna prakriyAonuM nirUpaNa. rasavaividhya, bhAvocita bhASA, alaMkAravaividhya, chaMdo ane dezIono rucira prayoga ityAdi "rUpacaMdakuMvara rAsane madhyakAlIna gujarAtI kAvyasAhityamAM ati ucca sthAnano adhikArI banAve che. 'naLadamayaMtI rAsa' 1600mAM racAyelo che. "nalAyanane AdhAre enI racanA thaI che, paNa e anuvAda nathI ke vistArathI Apelo eno sAra nathI. bhAlaNanI kAdaMbarInI jema kavie mULa kathAnakanuM kyAMka saMkSipta karyuM che, keTalAka prasaMgo choDI dIdhA che, to potAnI kalpanAthI keTalAka prasaMgo umeryA che. emaNe 'nalAyananuM

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nayasuMdara D 163 kathAvastu potAnI AgavI rIte AlekhyuM che ane naladamayaMtI rAsa' eka svataMtra racanA banI gaI che. alaMkArAzrita varNano, naLadamayaMtInI viyogAvasthAnAM bhAvapUrNa citraNo, dRSTAMtanI sahAyathI apAyelo bodha ane vividha bhASAnAM subhASito A kRtinI anya lAkSaNikatAo che. dhamapadezanA uddezathI lakhAyelAM hovA chatAM, "rUpacaMdakuMvara rAsa tathA. niladamayatI rAsa' jevAM kAvyomAM sAMpradAyika saMkIrNatAne badale sarvasaMpradAyanA zrotAone samAna AnaMda ApavAnI kSamatA hovAthI nayasuMdara mAtra jaina kavi tarIke nahIM paNa gujarAtI kavi tarIke madhyakAlIna gujarAtI sAhityane gauravAnvita banAvanArA premAnaMdanI kakSAnA agragaNya kavi tarIke ApaNI samakSa Ave che. - kavino 'surasuMdarI rAsa paNa eka noMdhapAtra kRti che. enI racanA 1668mAM thaI che. kathopakathana rasavAhI che ane kathApravAhane vikSepaka evA dharmopadeza, jJAnanI vAto, samasyAbahulatA ityAdi na hovAne kAraNe kAvyamAM Adyanta rasa jaLavAI rahyo che. emAM ADakathAonI bharamAra paNa nathI. kavie A rAsa navakAra mahAmaMtrano mahimA gAvA mATe racyo che. e maMtrane pratApe kAvyanI nAyikA kaSTomAMthI mukta thaI ane enA ziyaLanuM rakSaNa karI zakI. kAvyanI nAyikA surasuMdarI ane nAyaka amara pAThazALAmAM sahAdhyAyI che. thAkathI UMghI gayelI surasuMdarInI oDhaNInI gAMTha choDI sAta koDI amara kADhI le che ane emAMthI sukhaDI laI bALakone vaheMce che. rAjasabhAmAM amara tathA surasuMdarInuM samasyAddhaddha cAle che. pariNAme bannenAM lagna thAya che. naLadamayaMtInI kathAnI jema surasuMdarIno amara tyAga kare che e samaye kavie je surasuMdarIno vilApa darzAvyo che, ethI te ApaNA madhyakAlIna sAhityanuM eka utkRSTa vilApakAvya bane che. surasuMdarI hAthInA moMmAM paDe che, ne bace che e samaye jena dharmano karmavipAka siddhAMta kavie aucitya jALavIne asarakAraka rIte Alekhyo che. surasuMdarI gaNikAnA hAthamAM paDe che, tyAre surasuMdarInA vilApanI keTalIka paMktio khUba marmavedhaka che. jemake : jananI garabha na kAM galiyo, kAM dIdho avatAra re, kAM navi tUTe pAlaNuM, navI sariyA chAra re. vasudhA vivara na ko diye. navi tUTe AkAza re. madhyakAlIna kathAomAM Ave che, tema nAyakanAyikA paraNe, chUTAM paDe, ane antamAM pAchAM bhegAM thAya e krama ahIM jaLavAyo che. rAsA kAvyonI kathAmAM nAyakanAyikAnA milana pachI, koI muni AvI emane emanA pUrvajanmonI kathA. kahI emanAmAM vairAgyabhAvanA prere, e ane bIjA svajano dIkSA laIne saMyama jIvana vyatIta kare e krama ahIM jaLavAyo che.

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164 | madhyakAlIna gujarAtI jaina sAhitya kavinA giranAra uddhAra rAsamAM kavinI kathana ane varNana banne zaktino sumeLa sadhAyo che. giranAranA prAkRtika saundaryanuM ja nahIM paNa giranAranI jAtrAe AvatA lokonA vividha bhAvonuM paNa varNana thayuM che ne e varNanomAM bhAvakane AnaMda ApavAnI kSamatA che. kAzamIranA ratnA zeThanI kathA gUMthI kavie kathArasa pUro pADyo che. jemAM kavi mAnavasvabhAvanAM vaividhya ane vaicitryanuM nirUpaNa eka manovaijJAnikanI jema kare che. zatruMjaya uddhAra rAsa 1587mAM zatruMjaya tIrthano soLamI vakhata uddhAra thayo te nimitte enA AgalA uddhAro ane bhAvi uddhAranI paNa vAta gUMthe che. kRti bahudhA mAhitIpUrNa ane thoDI varNanAtmaka che. adhyAtmapratibodha' eka rUpakagraMthi che. madhyakALamAM AdhyAtmika upadeza zuSka na banI jAya tethI AvI rUpakagraMthio yojI upadezane kathAnA vAghA. paherAvavAmAM AvatA. saMkaTa samaye AtmAne nityamitra samo deha ane pavamitra samAM svajano nahIM paNa juhAramitra samo dharma kAma Ave che e emAM batAvAyuM che. kavinI prathama kRti 'yazodhara nRpa copAI' hajI apragaTa che. paNa jaina dhArmika graMthomAM AvatI jIvadayAnI vRttinA Adarza tarIke nirUpAyelA yazodhara rAjAnA nava bhavonI e kathA che. chello janma mAtra karma khapAvavA mATe hato. eTale pUrvajanmonI sAdhanAno krama emAM darzAvyo che. prabhAvatI rAsa paNa hajI apragaTa che. enA AMtarapramANa anusAra e saM. 1640(1584)mAM vijApuramAM racAyo che. kavie A kAvyane AkhyAna kahyuM che. e noMdhapAtra che. emaNe aMtamAM enuM mULa darzAvatAM kahyuM che : laghuvRtti uttarAdhyayananI, vara cauda sahastrI mAMhI, adhyayana joI aDhAramuM, AkhyAna racyuM ucchahi. (kaDI 327-28) A parathI anumAna thaI zake ke paurANika kathAkAvyanA paryAya tarIke rAsa ane AkhyAna banne saMjJAo e vakhate pracalita hovI joIe. kAvyanA kathAvastumAM avagate gayelo jIva AdIzvara bhagavAnanI pUjA karavAthI sati pAme che tenuM Alekhana thayuM che. 1668mAM racAyelo, vijayazeTha-vijayAzeThANInI kathA kaheto "zIla zikSA rAsa" tathA "thAvastrAputra rAsa' kavinI anya rAkRtio che. kavie stavanAdi prakAranI ghaNI kRtio racela che. emAM "zaMkhezvara pArzvanAtha chaMda' eka dhyAna kheMcatI kRti che. emAM pArzvanAthane AdrabhAve thayelI vinaMtI AsvAdya che ne cAraNI chaMdo tathA jhaDajhamakabharI cAraNI zailIne kAraNe prabhAvakatA AvelI che. "zAMtinAtha stavanamAM paNa A zailI che.

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kavi samayasuMdara = = = = = = - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - = = - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - vasaMta dave gujarAta-rAjasthAnanA jaina bhaMDAromAMthI prApta thatI jaina ane jainetara racanAonI vipula hastapratasAmagrIe gujarAtI bhASAnA kramika vikAsanI ane tenA sarjakonI bhALa meLavavAmAM madada karI che. I.sa.nI 11-12 sadIthI AraMbhI I.sa.nI 19mI sadInA pUvadhI daramiyAna racAyelA jaina sAhityano AtmA ane deha - viSayavastu, svarUpa ane zailI - e samayanA jainetara gujarAtI sAhitya karatAM bhinna prakAranAM che. moTe bhAge jaina sAdhukavionI kalame AlekhAyela sAhityamAM jaina dharmanA siddhAMtonuM koI ne koI prakAre pratipAdana karavAmAM AvyuM che. joke samagra prAcIna-madhyakAlIna gujarAtI sAhityasarjananI AgaLa tarI AvatI eka viziSTatA tenA kendramAM rahelo dharma che. madhyakAlIna gujarAtI sAhityasarjako padyanA mAdhyama dvArA potAnI racanAo Ape che. padyadehe vicaratI jaina kavionI racanAomAM rAsa-rAsA, phAgu, prabaMdho, kathA ke padyavArtA, carita, vivAhalu, sajajhAya, bAramAsA, kakkA, cacarI, stavano jevAM sAhityasvarUpono samAveza thAya che. A sAhityasvarUponA uddabhava ane vikAsamAM jaina sAhityakArono phALo sauthI vizeSa che ema kahIza to atizayokti nahIM gaNAya. 1933-34nA varSanI gujarAta sAhityasabhAnI kAryavAhImAM munizrI jinavijayajIe noMdhyuM che ke bIjA koI dezamAM nahIM thayelA eTalAbadhA jaina vidvAno gUrjarabhUmimAM thayA che, ane emaNe gujarAtanAM judAM judAM sthaLomAM rahIne hajAro graMthonI racanA karI che. temAM keTalAka graMtho evA paNa che ke jemAMthI pratyakSa nahIM to parokSa rIte gujarAtanI samuccayasaMskRti mATe aneka upayogI bAbato maLI Ave. samayasuMdara A paraMparAnA eka samartha jaina kavi che. emaNe 19 jeTalI nAnI-moTI rAsakRtio - jene rAsa, copAI, prabaMdha vagere nAme oLakhavAmAM AvI che - lakhI che. A ja kavinI 500 karatAM vadhu gItaracanAo maLI che. haju paNa vadhu maLavA saMbhava che. samayasuMdare 50 uparAMta nAnI-moTI saMskRta-prAkRta racanAo paNa karI che. kavinI racanAo moTe bhAge anya jaina kavionI

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17 | madhyakAlIna gujarAtI jaina sAhitya racanAonI jema sAMpradAyika raMge raMgAyelI hovA chatAM temAM kavinAM pAMDitya, bhASAprabhutva, bahuzrutatA uparAMta kavitvanAM darzana thAya che. madhyakAlIna gujarAtI sAhityasarjakoe potAnAM asala nAmaThAma vize potAnI kRtiomAM ullekha karyAnuM javalle ja jovA maLe che. temAMya khAsa karIne moTA bhAganA jaina sarjako to sAdhuo hovAne kAraNe temanA dIkSAkALa pachInI ja vAto maLe che. evuM samayasuMdaranI bAbatamAM paNa banyuM che. emano janma rAjasthAnanA sAMcoramAM thayo hato evo ullekha "sItArAma copAImAMthI maLe che. emanA janmavarSa aMge je anumAno thayAM che temAM zrI mohanalAla dalIcaMda dezAIno abhiprAya samucita jaNAya che. teo saM.1620thI 1700 eTaleke I.sa.1564thI I.sa.1644 sudhInA gALAne kavino jIvanakALa gaNAve che. DaoN. ramaNalAla cI. zAha temane zrI dezAI karatAM 10 varSa pahelA gaNAve che. samayasuMdaranA zikSaNa aMge koI cokkasa mAhitI upalabdha thatI nathI. paraMtu moTI uMmare dIkSA grahaNa karyA pachI adhyayana karyAnuM anumAna karI zakAya. sAdhuavasthAmAM paryaTanane kAraNe temaja abhyAsa pratyenI tIvratAne kAraNe emane vividha bhASAo uparanuM prabhutva prApta thayuM hoya tema jaNAya che. samayasuMdara potAne kharataragacchanA anuyAyI tarIke oLakhAve che. nemicaMdrasUrithI AraMbhI sakalacaMdragaNi sudhInI guruparaMparA kavie "aSTalakSI atharatnAvali' nAmanA potAnA saMskRta graMthanI prazastimAM gaNAvI che. samayasuMdaranI medhAvI pratibhA ane saMyamI sAdhujIvane emane vividha padavIonA adhikArI banAvyA. emane vAcakapada saM.1649mAM prApta thayuM hovAnAM pramANo kavinA ziSyagaNanI keTalIka kRtiomAMthI maLe che. AvA vidvAna sAdhu samayasuMdaranuM ziSyamaMDaLa bahoLuM haze. paraMtu emAMthI mAtra harSanaMdana, harSakuzala ane meghavijayanA ullekho maLe che. e ziSyoe aneka rIte kavine madada karI hovAnA purAvA kavinI racanAomAMthI ja prApta thAya che. emanA ziSyavRMdamAMnA vAdI harSanaMdana taka ane vyAkaraNazAstramAM pAraMgata hatA. paM. harSakuzale paNa kavine ghaNI bAbatomAM madada karI hatI. meghavijaya nAmanA kavinA priya ziSya satyAziyA duSkALanA kaparA kALamAM temano sAtha choDyo nahoto. kavie ghaNAM sthAnono pravAsa karyo hovAnA ullekho emanI nAnImoTI kRtiomAMthI prApta thAya che. pravAsa daramiyAna kavie jJAnArjana uparAMta ahiMsAno muktapaNe pracAra karyo hato. ema kahevAya che ke siMdhanA mukhya adhikArI makhanma mahamada zekha kAjIne potAnI vAkachaTAthI AMjI daIne emaNe samagra siMdha prAMtamAM gauhatyA para ane paMcanadIonA jaLacara jIvonI hatyA para pratibaMdha mukAvyo hato. UMDA abhyAsa ane dharmaciMtanane kAraNe kavimAM anya gaccho pratye audArya

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kavi samayasuMdara 167 pragaTyuM hatuM. AcAryonI maryAdA ane dharmanA niyamone kavie custapaNe vaLagI rahevAno prayatna karyo hato. anya gacchavAsIonI TIkAthI te vegaLA rahyA hatA. eTaluM ja nahIM, paraMtu dharmasAgarajInA sahAdhyAyI, gurubaMdhu ane tapAgacchanAyaka hIravijayasUrino emaNe potAnA gaNanAyaka jeTalo ja mAnamaratabo jALavavAno prayAsa karyo hato. pUMjARSi jemaNe bhoMyaNI pAsenA rAtija ke rAMteja gAmamAM paTela jJAtimAM avatarI pArzvacandra gacchanA vimalasUri pAse dIkSAno aMgIkAra karyo hato temanuM caritra AlekhI samayasuMdare sarva gaccha pratyenA samabhAvanuM darzana karAvyuM che. - kavinA kALadharmanA varSa aMge kyAMya AdhArabhUta mAhitI maLatI nathI. rAjasomanA eka aMjaligItamAM samayasuMdaranuM avasAna saMvata 170ranA caitra mAsanI suda 13nA roja amadAvAdamAM thayuM hovAno ullekha che. saMvata 1659mAM racAyela "zAMba-pradyumna copAI'thI AraMbhIne draupadI copAI' je saM.1780mAM racAI hovAnuM noMdhAyuM che te gALAne kavino kavanakALa gaNAvI zakAya. A samayagALA daramiyAna thayelI kavinI racanAomAM emanI sarjanazaktinA camakArA kyAMka kyAMka jovA maLe che. e mATe emanI keTalIka ullekhanIya dIrghakRtio para dRSTipAta karavo rahyo. jaina sAhityamAM rAmakathAnI be dhArAo maLI Ave che. eka vimalasUrinA paumacariya' tathA raviNanA pAcarita'nI ane bIjI guNabhadranA 'uttarapurANa'nI. A be dhArAomAMthI prathama dhArAnA kathAnakano jaina samAjamAM atyaMta pracAra che. samayasuMdara paNa "sItArAma copAImAM 'padmacaritane anusaryA hovAno svIkAra karatAM kahe che - pAMcamI DhAla e bhAkhI, ihAM padmacarita chaI sAkhI ho. sItArAma copAI' kavinI eka sa-rasa racanA che. emAMnA keTalAka prasaMgone kavie rasamaya rIte khIlavyA che. temAM mauliktA paNa jovA maLe che. jemake, sItAnA dehalAvaNyanA varNanamAM kavi kahe che - ghaNa thaNa kalasa visAlA, UparI hAra kusumanI mAlA ho. sI. kaTibaMka kesari sarikhI, bhAvaI koI paMDita parikha ho. sI. 7 kaTitaTa mekhalA pahirI, jovana bharI jAyaI laharI ho. sI. romarahita be jaMghA ho, jANe kari kelinA thaMbhA ho. sI. unnata paga nakhe rAtA, jANe kanakakUrama be mAtA ho. sI. nAkaranA 'rAmAyaNamAM AvatuM sItAnuM varNana uparyukta varNana sAthe sarakhAvavA jevuM garbhavatI sItAnA dehasauMdaryanuM varNana kavi sAdhusahaja maryAdAmAM rahIne kare che. garbhavatI sItAnI nAjuka sthitinuM kavie doreluM zabdacitra atyaMta svAbhAvika

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168 | madhyakAlIna gujarAtI jaina sAhitya lAge che : vajajaMgha rAjA ghare, rahatI sItA nAri, garbhaliMga paragaTa thayA, pAMDura gAla prakAra. thaNamukhi zyAmapaNo thayo, guru nitaMba gati, maMda, nayana sanehAlA thayA, mukhi amRtarasabiMda. lava-kuza nagaramAM padhAre che tyAre temanAM anupama rUpane nihALavA Atura nArIonI ceSTAonuM citra kavikalame evuM sa-rasa upasAvyuM che ke premAnaMdanI zabdacitra AlekhavAnI zaktinI yAda ApI jAya che. A kRtimAM mAnavasvabhAvanuM - tenI lAkSaNikatAonuM surekha Alekhana thayuM che. puruSahRdayanI vizALatA ane saMkucitatA, strIhRdayanI kusumavatuM komaLatA ane pASANavat kaThoratA jevAM DhaMDhonA AlekhanamAMthI pAtrono eka surekha AkAra pragaTe che. caMdranakhAnA zokagItamAM AlekhAyela putrasnehanAM smaraNo vAcakane hacamacAvI mUke evAM che. - kavie Alekhela vRddhAvasthAnI sthitinuM varNana narasiMha mahetAnA "ghaDapaNa koNe mokalyuM e kAvyanI sAthe AbehUba maLatuM Ave che. vaLI, A kRtimAMnI keTalIka ravAnukArI paMktio dvArA temanI sargazaktino paricaya maLI rahe che. Ama, "sItArAma copAI' 3700 kaDInuM eka sudIrgha kAvya che. jUnI gujarAtI bhASAmAM rAmacaritasaMbaMdhI thayelI racanAomAM eka-be apavAdane bAda karatAM sauthI dIrgha che. kRti ATalIbadhI dIdhuM hovA chatAM kathAlekhanamAM kavi sAtatya jALavI rAkhe che. kathAvastuno baMdha eka-be sthAno sivAya kyAMya zithila jaNAto nathI. joke kathAvastumAM maulikatAno abhAva varatAya che. paraMtu pracalita vastune vAcako samakSa rasika rIte rajU karavAnI hathoTI hoIne maulikatAno abhAva khUMcato nathI. pAMDavacaritra' ane "micaritra'nI nalakathAne kendramAM rAkhI kavie racela nala-devadatI rAsamAM manohara kalpanAo dvArA jIvaMta ane surekha citro AlekhyAM che. A rAsanuM UjaLuM pAsuM e che ke temAM kavie nala ane davadaMtInAM pAtrone tAdRza karyA che. davadetInA rUpane ghaDyA pachI khuda brahmA rUpaghaDataranI kalA bhUlI gayA che evI kalpanA karatAM kavi kahe che : eka rUpa uttama ghaDyau re, vali bIjau na ghaDAya. rAyajI. viganyAna mAharau vIsaryau re, vihi ciMtAtura thAya. rAyajI. 6 guNa gaNivA bhaNI sarasatI re. hAthi grahI japamAla. rAyajI. pAra ajI pAmaI nahIM re, ketau hI gayau kAla. rAyajI. 7. nale davadaMtIno tyAga karyo te vakhatanA tenA valavalATanuM Alekhana kavizaktinuM dyotaka che. vaLI, A kRtimAM AlekhAyela DAbA-jamaNA hAtha vacceno saMvAda eka alaga kAvyakRti tarIke paNa AsvAdya banI rahe tevo che. juo :

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kavi samayasuMdara 169 kiMsAra khAdhaU taI ekalo re, mujanaI na teDyaU tethi. tuM pehU tuM maMgataU re, muja kyuM teDaI ethi. 16. bhojana jIma tuM bhalA re, mAkhI vIjAvaI muja, tuM nAsaI tIra nAMkhatAM re, huM AgaI karuM jhubdha. 17. samayasaMdaranA samakAlIna kavi nayasuMdara potAnA "nala-davadaMtI rAsanA 'karasaMvAdane samayasuMdaranA "karasaMvAda' jeTalo khIlavI zakyA nathI. potAnA para AvI paDelI ApattionA mULa samI jugAranI ramata. kUbara sAthe pharIthI khelavA taiyAra thatA nalane hajI barAbara padArthapATha maLyo lAgato nathI ! jeNe potAnA rAjyamAM jugAra sahitanAM sAta vyasano upara pratibaMdha mukAvyo che evo nala kUbara sAthe pharIthI jugAra rame che te tarkasaMgata lAgatuM nathI. vaLI, akSavidyAnA baLe te jugAramAM vijayI thAya che. A rIte koI guptavidyAnA baLe vijaya meLavavAthI vyaktinI prAmANikatAno hrAsa thAya che. nala pharIthI jugAra rame che te aMge kAraNa ApatAM zrI ramaNalAla cI. zAha lakhe che : "Hbarane paNa pratIti thAya ke jugAramAM caDatI paDatI baMne Ave che, eTale dhRtathI meLavelI vastu kAyama mATe TakatI nathI. ATalo bodhapATha kUbarane zIkhavavA mATe paNa ghUta ramavAnI jarUra hatI." zrI ramaNabhAInI A dalIla pratItijanaka banatI nathI. prastuta rAsamAM AlekhAyela camatkAranuM tattva atizayoktinI koTie pahoMcyuM che. karuNanI jamAvaTa paNa barAbara thatI nathI. jainomAM suprasiddha mRgAvatInA caritrane pasaMda karI kavie Alekhela mRgAvatI caritranuM kathAnaka jaina AgamagraMthomAM maLe che. emAMthI prasaMgo upADI laI samayasuMdara tene Agavo opa Ape che. magAvatInuM pAtrAlekhana kavie evI kuzaLatAthI karyuM che jethI samagra kRti mUlyavAna banI rahe che. prastuta kRtimAM aMtyAnuprAsa prayojI sucArutA siddha karI che. zabdAlaMkAramAM kavi bhAgye ja enA e ja zabdonI punarukti kare che. zAMbapradyumna copAI' kavinI AraMbhakALanI kRti hoI hathoTI jAmI na hoya e svAbhAvika che. camatkArothI bharapUra A kathAmAM karmano siddhAMta AlekhAyo che. kRtimAM varNano sivAya anya koI viziSTatA jovA maLatI nathI. kavinI adyApiparyaMta aprakAzita rahelI 'draupadI copAI' amadAvAdamAM temanI aMtima avasthAmAM racAI hovAnuM jaNAya che. temAM draupadInA pAtrane ThIkaThIka upasAvyuM che. kathApravAha ekadhAro zAMtarasamAM cAle che. sAgaradattanA lagnanuM kavie kareluM varNana manohara che. A uparAMta 'siMhalasuta-priyamelaka rAsa' puNyasAracarita copAI "valkalacarI copAI "vyavahArazuddhi-viSayaka dhanadatta zreSThi copAI ane

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170 ] madhyakAlIna gujarAtI jaina sAhitya caMpakazreSThi copAI' emAMnAM kathAghaTako mATe jANItI kRtio che. e kRtiomAM pracalita ane apracalita kathAghaTakonuM nirUpaNa kavie karyuM che. rasanirUpaNanI dRSTie karaNa ane vIranuM Alekhana karavAmAM kavie ThIkaThIka siddhi hAMsala karI che. "sItArAma copAImAM zaMbUkanA vadhathI vyathita tenI mAtA. caMdranakhAnA AjhaMdamAM vAtsalyano puTa pAmI cUMTAyelo karuNa vyakta thayo che. mRta. putrane sAja sajavA ke mIThAM bhojana ArogavA kahetI mAtAnAM vacanomAM naryo karuNa ja nItare che. prAkRtanA paumacariyanI sIdhI asara ahIM varatAya che. - vIrarasanuM Alekhana kavi sahaja rIte kare che. "sItArAma copAI' jevI racanAmAM rAma-rAvaNa vacce thayelA yuddhanA varNanamAM vIranuM sa-rasa Alekhana che, te rasanA Alekhana mATe kavie 'siMdhuDo' rAga prayojyo che. "kaDakhA'nI dezImAM AlekhAyela "cAra pratyeka buddha rAsa'mAMnA caMDapradyota ane dumuha vaccenA yuddhavarNanamAM zastrono TaMkAra saMbhaLAto hoya evo anubhava vAcakane thAya che. sAdhusahaja saMyamanI pALathI baMdhAyelI emanI kalama maryAdita zRMgAra ja nirUpe che. hAsya rasanA AlekhanamAM kavi khIlI zakyA nathI. "zAMba-pradyumna rAsa'mAM satyabhAmAprerita dAsI rukSmaNinA keza levA jAya che tyAre te dAsI ja kezavihIna thaI jAya che ane hAsyAspada sthitimAM mukAI jAya che temAM hAsyanI lakIra jovA maLe che. samayasuMdaranI dIrgha racanAomAMthI keTalIka noMdhanIya kRtiono ahIM ullekha karyo. have gItakAra samayasuMdarane yAda karIe. gItakAvyonI paraMparA ati prAcIna che. madhyakAlIna gujarAtI sAhityamAM paNa aneka rAga-rAgiNIo para AdhArita geya kAvyo ane prasaMgAnusArI gItonA aneka prakAra jovA maLe che. madhyakALamAM jaina sAdhu-kavioe racela gIto sAmAnyataH bhaktigIto ja che. vividha svarUpe bhaktino AviSkAra jaina kavioe karyo che. jaina kavi samayasuMdara paNa sattaramA zatakanA eka uttama gItakAra hatA. samayasuMdaranI gItaracanAo saMkhyASTie ghaNI che. eTaluM ja nahIM, guNavattAnI dRSTie paNa keTalIka to ajoDa che. emanAM gIto gujarAta-rAjasthAnanA jaina samAjamAM khUba pracAra pAmyAM. rAjasthAnamAM temanI gItaracanAonA saMdarbhamAM eka lokokti pracalita che; "samayasuMdara rA gItaDAM, kuMbhe rANe rA bhIMtarAM.' kuMbhA rANAe karAvela sthApatyo adbhuta che tema samayasuMdaranAM gIto paNa dhyAnAkarSaka che. samayasuMdaranI gItaracanAonA ApaNI sagavaDa khAtara sAteka vibhAga pADIe : (1) prAsaMgika gItaracanAo, (2) tIrthakaronI bALalIlA varNavatAM gIto, (3) gurugIta (4) stavana, sajhAya Adi, (5) upadezagIto (6) rUpakagIto, (7) hiyAlIo. prAsaMgika gItaracanAomAM nemi-rAjimatIne kendramAM rAkhI phAguracanAo

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kavi samayasuMdara [ 171 karI che. emAM UrmiprANita zabdacitro jovA maLe che. te prakAranI racanAomAM AlekhAyela jIvanano ullAsa sAdhusahaja maryAdAonuM pratibiMba pADe che. nAyaka-nAyikAnA manobhAvone pakaDIne kavi tene anurUpa zabdomAM sAkAra kare che. bhAvonuM citrAtmaka Alekhana gItonuM ullekhanIya kalApAsuM che. neminAtha phAga'mAM phAga khelatAM rAjula-neminAthanuM zabdacitra dhyAnAkarSaka mAsa vasaMta phAga khelata prabhu, uData avala abIrA ho, gAvata gIta mIlI saba gopI, sundara rUpa zarIrA ho, eka gopI pakaDaI prabhu aMcala, lAla gulAla lapeTAI ho, strIpuruSanA aMtarabhAvonA abIla-gulAla ahIM UDatA jaNAya che. jIvanano ullAsa ane tenA paDachAmAM vairAgyanuM gAna kavino kAvyaviSaya banI rahe jIvana pratyeno anurAga paNa samayasuMdaranI gItaracanAomAMthI pragaTa thato jovA maLe che. rAjimatInA zabdomAM pragaTato anurAga kavinI abhivyaktino uttama AviSkAra banI rahyo che. juo : dIpa pataMga taNI paraI. supiyArA ho. ekapakho mAro neha, nema supiyArA ho. huM atyaMta torI rAgiNI supiyArA ho, tuM kAMI hai muja che, nema supiyArA ho. bhogI purUSanI bhoginI ane yogInI yogiNI banIne potAnuM jIvana nyochAvara karavAnI tamannA nAyikAmAM jovA maLe che tuM bhogI taka huM bhogiNI re nema tuM, nemajI tuM yogI taka huM yogiNI re.. "neminAtha rAjimatI gItanI A paMktiomAM nAyaka-nAyikAnA manobhAvonuM sAmaMjasya kavie suMdara rIte sAdhyuM che. samayasuMdararacita stavano, sajajhAyo Adi noMdhapAtra che. emaNe gujarAtI. saMskRta temaja gujarAtI-saMskRta mizra bhASAmAM stavano racyAM che. vimalAcalamaMDana Adijina stavana'mAM kavi bhaktirasamAM evA to otaprota thaI javAnI jhaMkhanA vyakta kare che ke temanI ane bhagavAnanI vacce dvaitabhAva rahevA ja na pAme H kyoM na bhaye hama mora vimalagiri, kyoM na bhaye hama mora, kya na bhaye hama zItala pAnI, sIMcata taruvara chora, ahaniza dinajI ke aMga pakhAlata, toDatA karama kaThora. 1 kyoM na bhaye hama bAvanacaMdana, aura kesara kI chora, kyoM na bhaye hama mogarA-mAlatI, rahate jinajI ke maura. 2

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172 D madhyakAlIna gujarAtI jaina sAhitya kyoM na bhaye hama mRdaMga jhAlariyA, karata madhura dhvani ghora, jinAjI ke Agala nRtya suhAvata, pAvata zivapura Thaura. 3 zIla, dAna, tapa vagerene paNa kavie potAnAM gItomAM gUMthI laI aupadezika gIto racyAM che. krodha ane huMkArano parihAra karavAno saMdeza samayasuMdara gIto dvArA ApI jAya che. tIrthakaronI bALalIlAnAM gItonI saMkhyA alpa che. te gItomAM temanA aMtarabhAvonI bharatI jovA maLe che. siMdhI bhASAmAM emaNe karela 'Adijina stavana'nI 'bAMgA lATu cakarI caMgI, ajaba ustAdA bahikara raMgIjevI paMktimAMno nAdadhvani karNapriya lAge che. parabhASAnI racanA hovA chatAM tenA bhASAmAdhuryano ApaNe anubhava karI zakIe chIe. saMskRta bhASAmaya stavano makabandhamAM paNa maLe che. temAM mAtra zabdaramata nathI hotI, layano raNako paNa saMbhaLAya che. pArzvanAtha yamakabandha stotram tenuM sarasa udAharaNa che : praNatamAnava mAnava-mAnavaM, gataparAbhava-rAbhava-rAbhavam. duritavAraNa vAraNa-vAraNa, sujanatAraNa tAraNa-tAraNam. hiyAlIomAM samasyAo rajU thaI che. samayasuMdara citrakAvya paNa racela che. sAhityazAstramAM tene adhamakAvya mAnavAmAM Ave che. chatAM, saMskRtanA ghaNA kavioe citrakAvyonI racanA karI che. AvI racanAomAM bhASAprabhutva ane racanAkauzalanI AvazyakatA hoya che, je samayasuMdaramAM jovA maLe che. gItaracanAomAM kavinI bhASA sAdI ane sacoTa abhivyakti sAdhatI tathA sahaja prAsathI maMDita hoI lokabhogya banavAnI temAM ghaNI kSamatA rahelI che. temAM pAMDityano bhAra nathI. kazo zabdADaMbara nathI. madhuralalita padAvali emanI vizeSatA che. emanI gItaracanAo svAnubhavarasika hovA uparAMta savanubhavarasika paNa banI rahe che. emAM svAbhAvikatAnA aMzo savizeSa che. gItomAM kavihRdayanI Urmio ghUMTAIghUMTAIne AlekhAtI jovA maLe che. zabda ane bhAvanI phUlagUMthaNImAM madhyakAlIna jaina gItakAromAM samayasuMdara advitIya che.

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zrAvaka kavi RSabhadAsa : sAhityika viziSTatAo niraMjanA che. vorA - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - khaMbhAtanivAsI saMghavI sAMgaNa ane mAtA sarUpAdenA putra kavi RSabhadAsa sattaramI sadInA pUrvArdhanA eka khyAtanAma vidvAna kavi hatA. jahAMgIra ane zAhajahAMnA rAjyakALa daramiyAna khaMbhAtamAM rahIne ja temaNe aneka rAsAo, sajhAyo, stavano ane gIto racIne gujarAtI sAhityamAM eka samartha kavi tarIkenuM sthAna meLavyuM hatuM. samaya temanA janma ke mRtyu vizenI koI cokkasa tithino ullekha temanI kRtiomAM ke anyatra maLato nathI. AthI temanA jIvananI be sImAo - pUrvamaryAdA ane uttaramaryAdA anumAnathI AMkavAmAM AvI che. temanI prathama moTI kRti "RSabhadeva rAsa' saM.1662 (I.1606)mAM racAI che. te pahelAM paNa keTalIka kRtio racAI hovAnI zakyatA che. tene AdhAre temanuM sAhityasarjana I. 1601thI eTale sattaramI sadInI zarUAtathI gaNI zakAya. temanI chellI gaNAtI sAhityakRti rohaNiyA rAsa' saM.1688 eTaleke I.1634mAM racAyelI che. tyAra bAda ekabe kRti racAI hovAnI saMbhAvanA rahe. Ama temanA sarjananI uttaramayadA I.1635 gaNI zakAya. A pramANe temano kavanakALa I. 1601thI I.1635no gaNAya. hIravijayasUri rAsa" tathA "upadezamAlA rAsamAM kavie pote samasyAyukta padyamAM potAnAM nAma, vatana, pitA, mAtA, rAjA Adino viziSTa rIte paricaya Apyo che. teo tapagacchanA vijayasenasUrinA ziSya hatA. kavine saMskRta, prAkRta Adi sAhitya tathA dharmanuM sAruM jJAna hatuM. sarasvatIdevInI temanA upara anahada kRpA hatI. RSabhadAse pote aneka hoMziyAra vidyArthIone bhaNAvyA hatA. ane potAnA uttama AcAravicAra vaDe teo eka parama zrAvaka tarIke oLakhAtA hatA. temano parivAra bahoLo. sukhI temaja samRddha hato. temanA pitA tathA dAdAe saMgha kADhelA ane temanI potAnI IcchA paNa saMgha kADhavAnI hatI, paNa dravyanA abhAve pUrI thaI zakelI nahIM. temaNe pote zatruMjaya giranAra, zaMkhezvara vagere tIrthonI jAtrA karI hatI. kRtio kavie hIravijayasUri rAsamAM jaNAvyuM che te pramANe temaNe 34 rAsa, 58

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174 | madhyakAlIna gujarAtI jaina sAhitya stavana tathA aneka gIto, sajhAyo, stuti, (thoyo) vagere racyAM hatAM. temAM RSabhadeva rAsa', "sthUlibhadra rAsa', "sumitrarAjarSi rAsa', kumArapAla rAsa', bharatabAhubalI rAsa', "hitazikSA rAsa', "zreNika rAsa', "kayavatrA rAsa', 'hIravijayasUri rAsa', "abhayakumAra rAsa', "rIhaNiyA rAsa' vagere mukhya che. A rAsAo 223thI mAMDIne 6500 jeTalI gAthAomAM racAyA che. neminAtha navaraso', "neminAtha rAjimatI stavana', 'AdinAtha vivAhalo', "bAra ArA stavana', "tIrthaMkara 24nAM kavita' e temanI nAnI paNa noMdhapAtra kRtio che. sAhityika viziSTatAo RSabhadAsanI upalabdha kRtiono abhyAsa karatAM jaNAya che ke temanI bhASA saraLa, rasALa ane bhAvavAhI che. temanI kAvyazaktino uttama Avibhadha temanAM gItomAM joI zakAya che. mAnavajIvana ane jagata vizenuM kavinuM jJAna vizALa ane talasparzI che. temAM enA pAMDityanI sAthe mAnavamananAM gUDhAtigUDha rahasyone pAmavAnI zaktinuM yathArtha darzana thAya che. A sAhityakRtiomAM vyakta thatI, RSabhadAsanI keTalIka viziSTatAo joIe. temanA rAsAomAM nagaraviSayaka aneka varNano maLe che. khAsa karIne 'hitazikSA rAsa', "mallinAtha rAsa', ane "hIravijayasUri rAsamAM khaMbhAtanuM vistRta varNana maLe che. khaMbhAta kavinuM vatana hatuM. eTale kevaLa zuSka nagaravarNana na rahetAM temAM bhAvanAno Acho sparza paNa bhaLelo che. pATaNa, ayodhyA vagere nagaronAM varNano paNa AkarSaka ane je-te nagaronI viziSTatAone tAdraza karanArAM che. nagaronAM vistAra, amApa samRddhi, vizALa mahAlayo, bAgabagIcA ane dharmasthAno, nagaranAM strI-puruSo - khAsa karIne rAjA, rANI, nagarazeTha, maMtrI vagerenI viziSTatAo, dharma ane karmarata prajAjIvana vagerenAM varNanomAMthI tatkAlIna janajIvananI mAhitI maLe che. kharekhara to Adarza nagara vizenI temanI kalpanA abhivyakta thaI hoya ema paNa banyuM che. keTalAMka varNano rUDha ane paraMparAgata paNa che. tema chatAM A varNano nIrasa ke zuSka na banI jAya tene mATe paNa kavi sabhAna che. pATaNamAM vasatA vizALa mAnavasamudAyanuM Alekhana karatAM kavi eka ramUjI prasaMga nirUpe che, ane tenA dvArA pATaNanI vasatI keTalIbadhI gIca hatI teno pratyakSa khyAla Ape che. rANA nAmano DAbI AMkhe kANo paradezI ane tenI patnI nagaranA bajAramAM ekabIjAthI chUTAM paDI jAya che. patnI rAjA pAse jaIne potAno pati khovAyo hovAnI phariyAda kare che, ane rAjA DAbI AMkhe kANA ane rANA nAmanA mANasone bhegA kare che e Akho prasaMga kavinI ramUjI vRtti ane hAsyarasanA nirUpaNanA kavi kauzalano paNa dyotaka che :

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zrAvaka kavi traRSabhadAsa : sAhityika viziSTatAo [ 175 sAMjhaI pathi cohaeI caDhyAM, kamasaMyogiI bhUlAM paDyAM, rotI raDavaDatI sA nAri, puhatI bhupati bhavana mojhAri, svAmi, hArA nagara majhAri bhUlAM paDyAM aho nara-nAri, svAmi nAme rANo eha, DAbiI AMkhaI kANo teha, ekaI iMdhANe mujha bharatAra, rAya karo mujhanI sAra, rAI gaI vajAvyo, rANA kANA AvI caDho, rANA kANA DAbi AMkhe, navasaI navANuM bhAkhi, milyA ekaThA nRpadarabAri, bhUpaI teDAvi sA nAri, sodhI lIdhuM tuM tAharu dhaNI, tujha kAraNi khapa kIdhi ghaNI, nRpavacane te sodhaI nAri, puruSa na disaI teNi ThArI, sAmI, ehamAM nahi muja kaMta, rAya vinoda thayo atyaMta, phirI paDho bajAvyo jasaI, rANo Avyo tasaI nArI olakhI lII bharatAra, paMDita kaviaNa karaI vicAra, narasamudra e pATaNa sahI, naranAri saMkhyA navi lahI. bAhubaLanA rAjyamAM saMdezo laIne jatA brAhmaNanuM (bharatabAhubalI rAsa) ane kumArapALa rAsa'mAM kadarUpA naranAM varNana paNa evAM ja ramUjapreraka ane tAdRza rIte AlekhAyelAM che. hitazikSA rAsamAM vyAjastuti ane svabhAvoktithI kurUpa nArInuM kareluM varNana paNa noMdhapAtra cheH viMgaNa raMga jisI ujalI, bhala koThI sarakhI pAtalI. nIcI tADa jisI tuM nAra, kyAMhAMthI AvI mujha gharabAra, nhAnuM peTa jisyo vAdalo, lahyo hiNa jimyo kAMbalo, jIbha saMhAlI dAtaraDA jilI, dekhI adhara UMTa gayA khasI, bheMzanANI AvI kyAMthI, pakhAla jalakI jA khapa nathI. paga pIMjaNI ne vAMkA hAtha, bAvala zuM koNa deze bAtha, lAMbA dAMta ne TUMkuM nAka, kUTakanI mukha kaDavAM vAkya. TUMkI laTIMye ghoghara sAda, jA bhUMDI tujha kizyo saMvAda. nagara varNanonI jema kavinAM yuddhaviSayaka varNano paNa noMdhapAtra che. temAM ratha, azva, haya, aneka zastrAstro vizenI kavinI jANakArIno paricaya paNa maLe che. bharata ane bAhubaLI vacce thatuM pAMca prakAranuM yuddha - dRSTiyuddha, vacanayuddha, mallayuddha, muSTiyuddha ane daMDayuddha - prAcInakALanAM hAthohAtha thatAM ThaMdvayuddhano tAdRza khyAla Ape che. bharatezvara rAsa'mAM anyatra yuddhanuM varNana kavi A rIte kare che ? pRthivI lAgI dhrujavAjI, dizino thAe re dAha, ulkApAta thAe sahajI, ati bhUMDA tyAM vAya, UDe kheha tyAM ati ghaNA che, ane hoya tihAM nighAta,

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17 | madhyakAlIna gujarAtI jaina sAhitya pItavaNa dahADo thayo che, dekhe bahu utpAta. sAyarane zoSe sahI jI, kare parvata cakacUra, ke AkAza dhaMdhoLatAjI, pRthivI phADe zUra, agnimAM pese sahIjI, siMha zuM letA re bAtha. nirUpyamANa viSayane yathAtatha rIte AlekhatAM RSabhadAsanAM AvAM varNano jIvana ane jagatanAM vividha kSetro vizenA temanA bahoLA jJAnano paricaya Ape che. kavi premAnaMdanI vanazailInuM smaraNa karAve tevAM aneka anya varNano paNa maLe che. koI ekAda vIgatanA AlekhananA anuSaMge kavi te-te viSayanI talasparzI jANakArI paNa Ape che. "bharatezvara bAhubaLI rAsa'mAM vanAbha puMDarikanagarIno rAjA che. potAnAM pAtakone yAda karatAM karelI jIvahiMsA vize vicAre che, tyAre kavi jIva, tRsa, thAvara meM haNyAM.' ema zarU karIne dareka pazu, paMkhI, jIvajaMtuonI yAdI kavi Ape che. alabatta, kavi AvI nAma-yAdIo ke sthULa vigatonAM varNano ApIne ja aTake che evuM nathI, temAM kavinI vidvattAnI sAthe mAnavamana vizenI vyApaka udAra samAja ane saMvedanazIlatAno paNa paricaya maLe che. dRSTAMta tarIke bharatanuM sainya nAsabhAga kare che tyAre te joIne bharatane duHkha thAya che, tyAre duHkhI koNa koNa hoI zake te vize kavi kahe cheH vezyA viNa rUpe duHkhI, yogI dhanasaMce, nidrA nahi nara rogiyo, bahu mAMkaNa maMce, putra kuvyasanI jehano te dukhiyo bApa, duHkha moTuM bhUi sUe. ghara mAMhi sApa. tAnI kaMTha vinA duHkhI, paMDita viNa vANI, vaidya duHkhI tana rogiyo na lahe nisANI. satI strIne e duHkha ghaNuM, nara mUkI jAya, raNamAM daLa bhAge tadA, duHkha moTuM rAya. bAhubaLa ane bharatanuM yuddha pUruM thatAM bAhubaLa koNa name ane koNa na name te vize vicAra che? na name soya nirguNI, name soya guNavaMta, na name vRkSa sUko, lIlo taru namaMta. na name te vAMko vIMchI taNo aMkoro, namato ahI maNidhara, jeha guNe karI pUro. na name nava hAleM kUpa taNAM je pANI name girUo jaladhara, paraupakAra ja jANI. janajIvanano bahoLo abhyAsa ane sUkSma nirIkSaNothI temanuM kathayitavya coTadAra ane mArmika banyuM che. AvA to aneka dRSTAMto temanI kRtiomAMthI

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zrAvaka kavi RSabhadAsa : sAhityika viziSTatAo D 177 upalabdha thAya che. te uparAMta rojabarojanA jIvananI aneka bAbatone vistArathI ane rasamaya rIte kavi Alekhe che. zubha ane azubha svapna, svapnamAM joyelI vastuone AdhAre phaLanirdeza, svapna joyAnA samayane AdhAre phaLaprAptino samaya, sAco dAtA, dhananuM mAhAbhya, nAma pramANe guNa na hovA vize, puruSa ane strInAM batrIsa lakSaNo, padmiNI, hastinI, citraNI ane zaMkhiNI strIonA AcAravicAra, uttama azva ane talavAranAM lakSaNo, zukna-apazukano, karmaphaLa vize vicAratAM sItA, mallinAtha, zivakumAra, sulasa zrAvaka, arjunamAlI, paradezI rAya, zreNika, naMdana maNiyAra Adi aneka mahAna strIo tathA puruSone bhogavavAM paDelAM duHkho - ema aneka bAbatone kavie pUrI cokasAIthI ane saMpUrNa rIte varNavI che. telamardana ane dAtaNavidhithI mAMDIne sAMsArika jIvananA vividha prazno, rAja kema calAvavuM, dhArmika AcAravicAra, Adarza rAjA, pradhAna ane vaNikanA guNo, rajapUtonI chatrIsa jAtanAM lakSaNo, AjIvikAnAM sAdhano lekhe vyApAra, vidyA, khetI, pazupAlana, vijJAna, nokarI ane bhikSA vizenAM dRSTAMta sahitanAM kavitomAM RSabhadAsanuM pAMDitya pragaTa thAya che. varyaviSayanI yAdIo kyAreka paraMparAgata banI jatI hovA chatAM rUDha paNa tAjagIvALAM varNanomAM pramANaviveka jaLavAyo che. mAnavahRdayanI bhItaranAM bhAvasaMvedano jyAM jhilAyAM che tyAM hRdya kAvyakhaMDo maLI Ave che. saMsAranA kharA jANakAra kavie lokavyavahAramAMthI vINelAM upamA, rUpaka ane dRSTAMtone kAraNe A nirUpaNo vedhaka banyAM che. AvAM varNanothI kathAtaMtu kyAreka laMbAto lAge che paNa rasa khaMDita thato nathI. hAsya-kaTAkSa-marmayukta upamAo ane dUtothI kavi potAnA kathayitavyanuM sacoTa pratipAdana kare che. bhAratanA sainyane AvatuM joIne pleccho vicAre che ke AvA kAyaranA sainyane parAbhava Apavo e to ramatavAta che. temanA A manobhAvane pragaTa karavA kavi kevAM uttama dRSTAMto yoje che te joIe : jyAre kopa kare ja kuThAra, keLa kApatAM kahI vAra ! kamaLa upara kopyo kari, ukheLatAM kSaNa lAge ja kharI ? siMhane mRga haNatAM zI vAra ? ravi kSaNamAM TALe aMdhAra, AtUra thira keM pere thAya. pracaMDa kopyo jyAre vAya ! vANInuM baLa - kAvyano ojasaguNa paNa noMdhapAtra bane che. raNamAM vIMjhAtI talavAro ane varasatAM bANonuM spaSTa zabdacitra kavi eka ja paMktimAM kuzaLatAthI Alekhe che : taravAro jima vIjaLI, bANa varase meha. satsaMganuM phaLa kevuM kSaNika hoya che te darzAvavA kavi kahe che : eka nara jagamAM loDhA sarIkhA, agni maLe tava rAtuM jI,

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178 D madhyakAlIna gujarAtI jaina sAhitya agni gaye kALAnuM kALuM, raktapaNuM tala jAtuM jI, guru-saMyoga maLyo nara jyAre, dharma mati huI tyAre jI, java gurathI te aLago UThyo, tava te pApa saMbhAre jI. kumArapAla rAsa'nA prathama khaMDamAM AvatuM AMbAnA vRkSanuM varNana paNa manohArI che. mAnavahRdayanI Urmione tAdRza rIte AlekhIne paNa kavi rasajamAvaTa karI zake che. neminAthajInuM stavana'mAM pazuonA citkAra sAMbhaLIne neminAtha lagnamaMDapamAMthI pAchA pharI jAya che tyAre rAjimatInA hRdayanI vedanAnuM kareluM nirUpaNa marmasparzI banyuM che. rAjimatI pativirahanuM kAramuM duHkha AvI paDavAnA kAraNa rUpe jyAre potAnA ja doSa AgaLa karIne AkraMda karI UThe che tyAre karuNarasa vizeSa ghero. bane che : hIyaDe ciMte rAjula nArI, kIzAM karama kIdhAM kiratAra, ke meM jalamAM nAkhyA jAla, ke meM mAya vichoDyAM bAla, ke meM satIne caDAvyAM Ala, ke meM bhAkhI birUI gAla, ke meM vana dAvAnala dIyA, ke meM paradhana vaMcI lIyA ! ke meM zIlakhaMDanA karI, to mujane neme paraharI ! bharatarAjA dIkSA le che tyAre tenI rANIo vilApa kare che, tyAM paNa AvA ja mamavidAraka karuNanuM Alekhana che : nArI vananI re velaDI, jala viNa teha sukAya re. tumo jaLa sarIkhAre nAthajI, jAtAM velaDI karamAya re, jaLa vinA na rahe mAchalI, sUke poyaNapAna re. tuma viNa viNaseM re yauvanuM. kaMTha vinA jima gAna re, Ima vaLavaLatI re premadA, AMsuDAM luhe te hAtha re. tuma viNa vAsara kima jaze, tuma viNa dohilI rAta re. AgaLa vadhatAM kavi kahe che : popaTa jhUre re pAMjare, vanamAM jhUre te mora re, khANa na khAya re vRSabho vArI, gavarI kare bahu sora re. bharatarAjAnI vidAyathI temanA pratyeka aMtevAsI paNa AvI ja hRdayavidAraka vedanAnI anubhUti kare che. kavinI bhASA saraLa paNa rasAtmaka che. lAMbAM varNanonI jema uktinuM lAghavA ane baLa paNa kavinI siddhirUpa banyAM che. jUja zabdomAM potAnA kathayitavyane sacoTa rIte AlekhatI paMktio paNa noMdhapAtra che. temAM lokaanubhava ane mAnavamananI bhItaranI sRSTi jhilAI che, jemake -

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zrAvaka kavi RSabhadAsa : sAhityika viziSTatAo D 179 * kuvacana dIdhAM na phAlai, sAlaI haIDA mAMhi * mAnasarovara jhIlIo, kAga na thAI haMsa. zAmaLanuM smaraNa karAvatI AvI aneka paMktio RSabhadAsanAM kAvyomAMthI maLe che. janajIvananA bahoLA abhyAsa ane sUkSma nirIkSaNone AdhAre tAravelA satyane kyAreka subhASita rUpe nirUpyuM che ? * sarikhA dina sarikhA valI, nohaI sura, nara, Idra, jIhAM saMpada tihAM ApadA, caDhata paData ravi caMda. * dUdhe sIMcyo lImaDo, tohe na mITho thAya, ahinaI amRta pAII, to sahI viSa navI jAya. * sAyara saMdezo mokale, caMdA ! putra juhAra ! caDhyo kalaMka na Utare, tujha paNa, mujha khAra. to keTalIka bodhaka paMktio paNa maLe che ? pIpala taNuM jima pAna, caMcala jima gaja-kAna, dhana-yauvana-kAyA asI. ma karo mana abhimAna. A prakAranI paMktio vedhaka ane sUtrAtmaka banI che. kavie hAsya, vIra ane karuNarasanA AlekhanamAM noMdhapAtra siddhi meLavI che. paraMtu lagnanI vidhi dvArA ja vItarAgane uddabodhanAra A kavinuM lakSya bhaktibodhaka zAMta upazamanA nirUpaNanuM ja che. A dRSTie joIe to siddharAjanA mRtyuprasaMgane varNavatuM gIta kavinI uttama kAvyakRti che. karuNarasanA nirUpaNamAM dekhAtuM kavinuM kAvyakauzala, mRtyunI sAthe ja jIvananI kSaNabhaMguratAnuM pragaTa thatuM gUDha rahasya ane atyaMta kAvyAtmaka rIte aMtamAM pragaTatA zAMta upazamanA bhAvane kAraNe prastuta kAvya RSabhadAsanI eka viziSTa ane noMdhapAtra sarjaka kRti banI rahe che. AkhuM kAvya hRdayane ArapAra vadhe tevuM che. citAmAM bhaDabhaDa baLatA jesaMganA dehane anulakSIne kavi kahe che : sonAvaraNI ceha baLe re, rUpAvaraNI te dhuha re.. kaMkamavaraNI re dehaDI, agani parajAlIe teha re. je nara gaMjI re bolatA, vAvatA mukhamAM pAna re, te nara agani re poDhiA kAyA kAjalavAna re. caMpakavaraNI re dehaDI, kadalIkomala jAMgha re, te nara sUtA re kASThamAM, paDe bhaDabhaDI DAMga re. dehaviDaMbaNa nara sUNI, ma karisa tRSNA tuM lAkha re, jesaMga sarikho re rAjio, bAlI karyo tihAM rAkha re. jIvananI AvI kSaNabhaMguratAne ja anulakSIne kavi dharmavicAra ane rAgatyAgano bodha vAraMvAra Ape che. hRdayane tarata sparzI jAya tevo eka suMdara

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180 ] madhyakAlIna gujarAtI jaina sAhitya bodhaka prasaMga kavie 'bharatezvara bAhubalI rAsamAM nirUpyo che. bharata potAnA 98 bhAIone bolAvavA dUto mokale che. e 98 bhAIo bhegA thaIne jinane pUche che, rAjya lie bharatezvara re, namie ke vaDhiye tAta ?" rAjya mATe bhArata sAthe yuddha karIe ke samAdhAna ? tyAre RSabha saMkSepamAM, paNa cittavedhI javAba Ape che : RSabha kahe vaDhiye sahI re, mohakaSAyanI sAtha, rAga dveSa ari jitiye re. namiye dharma saMgAtha. ApaNe joI zakIe chIe ke AvI bodhaka paMkti paNa kAvyatvathI rasAIne Ave che ane cittane sparzI jAya che. temanAM gItonA nAnA padabaMdha ane laya manohArI che. temanA rAsAomAM vAraMvAra AvatAM gIto RSabhadAsanI gItakavi tarIkenI pratibhAno paNa paricaya karAvI Ape che. temanI dezIomAM paNa rAga ane layanI dRSTie ghaNuM vaividhya jovA maLe che. vidhavidha rAganAM pado paranuM prabhutva, sacoTa ane samucita upamA, dRSTAnta ke rUpakAdi alaMkArothI sadhAtI citrAtmakatA, Urmirasita ciMtana ane layabharI bAnI RSabhadAsane saphaLa kavi tarIkenuM sthAna apAve che.

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mahimAsAgaraziSya AnaMdavardhananI kavitA kanubhAI jAnI sADA traNasoka varasa para thaI gayelA, 17mI sadInA madhyakAlIna, kharataragacchI, mahimAsAgaraziSyanI be mukhya racanAonI mukhyatve ahIM vAta. karavI che. temanA jIvana vize lagabhaga kAMI ja maLatuM nathI. ApaNI itihAsadRSTi ja emAM kAraNabhUta na hotAM eka bIjuM kAraNa AcArya kSitimohana sena Ape che ? ("sAdhanAtrayI', parimANa prakAzana, amadAvAda, 1990, pR.530) eka bAulane A bAbatanuM duHkha kSitibAbu vyakta karatA hatA : "ApaNA AvA kaviosAdhakonAM vRttAnto ja na maLe !" pelAe hasIne eka gIta gAyuM : khAlera paMke Thele jakhana nAkho pichera dike je cinu thAke tAteI mele bhAo ! (jakhama) gahina jale pAla tuilyA nAo jAya, paththara je cin kaI vA milAya, kemUne vA bhAo pAya ? (khADIne kAdava kheMcAya jyAre hoDI paDatI jAya eMdhANI pAchaLanI gama nizAna paDe bhALeya maLatI tethI thoDI, (paraMtu) je vAre gahana jaLe zaDhane tANI nAvaDI jAtI, mArage enA rahe nA koI eMdhANI enI kADhavI kema re bhALa ?) sAdhanAnAM UMDAM jaLamAM AvA sAdhu-kavionI nAva evI caDhI jatI hoya che ke pachI koI bAhya cihno rahe nahIM! pANI para pagalAM kevI rIte paDe? itihAsa to maLe khabhaLATa karanArano. kSitibAbu kahe che : "A kAraNe..moTA sAdhakonAM vRttAnta ApaNane maLatAM nathI." (pa31) bIjI eka vAta bhASAnI. akhAe AvA sahuo vatI kahyuM che, bhASAne zuM vaLage bhUra ?' bhASA sIdhI lakSyagAmI, saraLa, bolacAlanI ja hovAnI; uparAMta

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182 | madhyakAlIna gujarAtI jaina sAhitya sahu sAdhakonI vatteoche aMze samAna - hindI-vraja-rAjasthAnI-taLapadImizrita. saraLatA to sahajatAnI, khoTAM vaLagaNo - khoTI paMDitAI kharI paDyAMnI edhANI. e susAdhya nathI. je sahaja hoya te ja bhavyatA laga jaI zake. bhASA mAvAnurUpa bane. sAdhanApathanA saunI vaLI eka sammAnya-sarvamAnya bhASA hatI : "bhASAnA bheda hovA chatAMya te vakhate sAdhanAne mATe eka prakAranI sarvasaMmata AdAnapradAnanI bhASA hatI. prAcIna baMgALanA bauddha gAna ane dohAmAM e prakAranI apabhraMza bhASA jovAmAM Ave che. lagabhaga A bhASAnI najadIkanI ja apabhraMza bhASAmAM e vakhate rAjapUtAnA, paMjAba, gujarAta, mahArASTra ane karNATaka paryata paNa racanAo thayelI jovAmAM Ave che. te samayanA jaina sAhityamAM Ano paricaya maLI Ave che." (papara) trIjI vAta, ApaNe bhUlavuM na joIe ke, jene Aje ApaNe kevaLa sAhityadRSTie jovA nIkaLyA chIe te e dRSTie racAyuM nahotuM, jIvanasAdhanAnuM eka aMga hatuM. sAdhanAmAM sahAyabhUta thavA ja e rajU thatuM, nirapekSa sAhityarasa ApavA nahIM ja. samagra madhyakAlIna sAhitya tathA lokasAhityane enA samAjanA saMdarbhamAM ja jovuM joIe. A sAhitya jIvanAvalaMbI ja che. madhyakAlIna padasAhitya - temAMya sAdhuonuM to khAsa - sAdhanAnuM aMgabhUta hatuM, ane enI bhASA paNa AvA muktivAMchuoe pADI ApelA cIle ja cAlatI. vaLI mULe ja jaina-bauddha vicAra vaidika pAMDityanI sAmenA udrakamAMthI Avelo hoI, eno bhASAabhigama paNa juo - samAjAvalaMbI hato. ane abhijAta ane loka-sAhityanA Aja jevA jaDabesalAka bhedo nahotA. lokasAhityanAM svarUpo ane laDhaNo banne sAdhukavionI racanAomAM paNa saheje UtarI AvatAM. ne bAramAsInuM svarUpa lokapracalita hatuM. A badhI bAbatonI pUrvabhUmikAmAM (nahIMvat jIvanavRttAMta, kAvyaracanA paNa sAdhanAnuM ja sAdhana, bhASA hiMdIrAjasthAnImizrita samagra uttarabhAratanA sAdhusamAjasaMmata, bolacAlanI bhASAno viniyoga sahaja ane bAramAsA jevuM svarUpa pracalita vagerenI bhUmikAmAM) have kRtio tarapha vaLIe. gujarAtI sAhityakoza'nA pahelA bhAgamAM (pR.21) kavi paricayamAM kharataragacchamAMnA, jinacandrasUrinI paraMparAmAM mahimAsAgaranA ziSya, eTalI vigata che. A sivAyanI vigato bIje paNa maLatI nathI. mukhya kRtio traNa : covIsI, nemirAjimatI bAramAsA' ane "araNikamuni sajhAya rAsa'. chUTaka stavano-sajhAyo paNa che. kAvyaguNe opatI racanAovALA AvA lekhakonI mahattvanI racanAone laIne svataMtra abhyAso thavA joIe. koNa kare ? atyAreya sAdhano durgama banatAM jAya che, bhaviSyamAM to atyaMta muzkela banI jaze kAma. Ajeya A eka ja kavinI badhI racanAo nirdhArita samayAvadhimAM eka sthaLe

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mahimAsAgaraziSya AnaMdavardhananI kavitA 183 jovA nathI maLatI ! je maLI tene eka pachI eka jovAno upakrama rAkhyo che. kRtiparicaya maLe e para dhyAna kendrita karyuM che ane enI sAthe kavigata lakSaNo ApoApa maLe e dRSTi rAkhI che. ahIM pahelAM traNa saLaMga racanAo lIdhI che, tyAra bAda phuTakaLa. prakRti ane prema - prAcInatama gItaviSayo, mAnavajIvana sAthe avinAbhAve joDAyelAM beya tattvo. prema e utpattinuM ja AdikAraNa ane prakRti te poSaka-uttejaka tattva. sAdhu hoya ke saMsArI ekTane A be vinA na cAle. A kAraNe jagatabharamAM prakRtikAvyanA aneka prakAro maLaze. ApaNA bAramAsA temAMno eka prakAra. nAyaka-nAyikA kalpIne, vikhUTI paDelI priyatamanI rAha jotI nAyikAnA virahane ja kendramAM rAkhIne, e eka pachI eka mAsa kevI rIte pasAra kare che, palaTAtI tuono prabhAva enA citta para kevAM saMvedano pADe che tenuM Alekhana bAramAsAmAM thAya che. ene "mahinA' paNa kahetA. A nimitte virahamilananA zRMgArane - moTe bhAge vipralaMbhane - bahelAvavAnI eka paraMparA UbhI thaI che. lagabhaga samagra uttara bhAratIya bhASAomAM bAramAsA che. gujarAtI, baMgALI, hiMdI, rAjasthAnI vageremAM vairAgyabodhArthe paNa eno upayoga prayoga thayo che, enIye paraMparA che. enA noMdhapAtra abhyAso raziyana ne phrenca vidvAnoe - bAvitela ane zAsta vodavile - karelA che. ahIM che te jainadharmopadezArthe racAtI bAramAsInI DhabanI ja kRti che; chatAM kavipratibhA A miSe paNa ghaNe sthAne camake che. bodha to gadyamAM paNa ApI zakAta; ahIM kavie A mArga pasaMda karyo e e mArganI khUbIo hastagata che tethI, ema kRti vAMcatAM lAge che. AvI 29 bAramAsIono saMgraha gujarAtImAM DaoN. zivalAla jesalapurAe ApIne, AvI kRtione hAthavagI karI ApI che. emaNe ApelI ra9 kRtiomAMthI apavAdarUpa traNane bAda karatAM badhI ja nemi-rAjula vize che. te parathI A viSayanI lokapriyatA ane dIrghaparaMparA bane phalita thAya che. (huM mAnuM chuM ke nemi-rAjula bAramAsA gujarAtImAM moTI saMkhyAmAM maLe !) ahIMnI nemirAjulanI kRtiono tulanAtmaka abhyAsa paNa thaI zake. bAramAsI RtukAvyano madhyakAlIna lokamAnIto prakAra che. cha RtuonuM varSa laI, be-be mAsanI Rtu kramekrame laIne bAramAsI racavAnI saMskRtAnusArI rIta madhyakAlIna gujarAtI sAhityamAM javalle ja apanAvAtI jovAya che. ghaNuMkharuM ekaeka mAsanI RtucaryAnuM ekaeka citra maLatuM jAya ne ema bAra mAsa kramabaddha Ave. e daramyAna nAyikAe veThela virahanI vAta kahevAtI rahe, ne aMte milana avazya hoya. virahanA avalaMbana rUpa hoya nAyikA ne mukhya nirUpaNa hoya karuNAvalaMbI vipralaMbhanuM. racanA nirapavAde sugeya hoya, saraLa hoya, samUhamAM

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184 D madhyakAlIna gujarAtI jaina sAhitya jhIlI, nAcI-ramI gAI zakAya tevI hoya. dezI baMdha, moTe bhAge doho, ene pAdapUraka ke laTakaNiyAM ne dhruvapadathI sugeya banAvAya. ne ema racanA saheje smRtie caDhI jAya evuM rUpa le. emAM bArebAra mAsanI Rtugata vizeSatAnAM suMdara majAnAM rekhAcitro hoya. varNanane ahIM avakAza nathI. rekhAMkita nAnakaDAM Rtucitro hoya. pAtra eka ja hoya - nAyikAnuM. chelle vaLI nAyaka Ave, milana sadhAya. e kalA nemi-rAjula para ja aneka kRti thAya ! pAtro lokapriya, lokapracalita. mukhya pAtra che eka jaRtupalaTA kAvyamAM gati pUre. ahIM che saM. 171danI A kRti. e ja saMgrahamAM AnI pahelAMnI anya kavionI pAMca kRtio che saM.1289thI saM. 1715 vaccenI. eTaleke IsvIsananI teramI sadIthI sattaramI sudhInI pAMca kRtio. e pAMcepAMca zabdazaH "bAramAsI' mahinA" che. eka-eka mAsane kamekrame laIne thayela racanA che. A kRti pachInI badhI ja kRtio paNa AvI mAsAnusArI che; A ekamAtra Rtu anusArI. e rIte enI racanA alaga tarI Ave che. Ane kAraNe ja e vadhu saghana, saMkula. kaMIka dRDha baMdhavALI, cokkasa vyavasthAvALI banI che. e vyavasthA AvI che : kula covIsa kaDInI racanA. AraMbhe ne aMte ekaeka kaDI bhUmikAnI ne samApananI, vacamAM hemantanI traNa (2-4), ziziranI traNa (pa-7). vasantanI pAMca (8-12), grISmanI traNa (13-15), varSAnI pAMca (16-20) ane zaradanI traNa (21-23). tukrama paNa A che : hemantathI AraMbha ane zaradathI aMta. vasanta ane varSo e be RtuonAM varNanone prAdhAnya apAyuM che. vastu A pramANe che : neminAtha. bAvIsamA tIrthaMkara. yAdava kuLanA. pitA yAdavarAjA samudravijaya ne mAtA zivAdevI; kRSNanA kuLanAM. mathurAnA rAjA ugrasenanI putrI rAjimatI sAthe nemino saMbaMdha jAhera thayo. lagna levAyAM. jAnane jamaNamAM apAnAra AmiSa meLavavA bAMdhI rAkhela vadhya pazuone jotAM ja, thanAra hiMsAthI kamakamIne, vairAgya UpajatAM, nemie lagna paDatAM mUkI, girinAra para jaI tapa karyuM ne kaivalyajJAna prApta karyuM. A kathA janapracalita hovAthI tyAranA bhAvakanA citte hoya che, tethI ahIM e mythnI vIgato kazI ja nathI kahevAtI. paNa sIdhuM nirUpaNa rAjimatInA virahathI thAya che. ne e ja jANe bane che enuM tapa, kAraNake ethI to jyAre gheraghera dIpa prakAzato hato tyAre eno to, aMte, thayo muktimahele vAsa : Aso-kAti ritu bhalI, manamohanA nema ! gharighari dIpaprakAsa re manamohanA nema ! eve vakhate, e divALInA divasomAM ja rAjula-nemi milAvaDo manamohanA nema ! mugati-mahelake vAsa re manamohanA nema !

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mahimAsAgaraziSya AnaMdavardhananI kavitA ] 185 'milana' mATe 'milAvaDo' ane SaSThIno 'ke' e mAtra rAjasthAnI prabhAva ja nahIM, tyAre sahaja haze. mAru-gUrjarano prabhAva ane bodhaka dhArmika racanAonI eka sarvamAnya peTarna' - tarAha UbhI thaI hatI, teno prabhAva. aMta jANe ekAeka Ave che; paNa AraMbheya evo che satvare ekAeka thato ughADa : UMco gaDha giranAra ho manamohanA nema ! chAyA rahe yadurAya re manamohanA nema ! tarata ja sthaLa ne emAMnI pAtragata pIThikA baMdhAya che H tyAM yadurAyanI 'chAyA' (zobhA ne prabhAva banne arthamAM) che. tyAM - sola va2sanI kAmanI, manamohanA nema ! kyuM kari dhIraga rAya re manamohanA nema ! 'rAya' rAjAvAcaka ne 'rAya' 'rahe - rAkhe' vAcaka e zleSa, 'chAyA'no zleSa keTalI sahaja rIte Ave che ! ne manamohanA nema' saMbodhana ja rAjimatInA cittanuM nirdezaka che. nAma pADIne kahevAmAM Ave tenI pahelAM ja jANe rAmitInA cittano vedanAsabhara smaraNano paDagho to saMbhaLAto thaI gayo che H manamohanA nema !' eka tarapha citte A cittacora che ne bahAra hemantanuM 'sIta' ! emAM jIvana vina kayuM jIviyai ?.... jIvaNa vinA jivAya ja kema ? ('jIvana'mAM pAcho sahaja zleSa !) AgaLanI paMktimAM 'ho' ke kazuM nahIM paNa pachInImAM tIvra-udgArI re' e ThekApUraka paMktichogalAM, to pratyeka paMktine aMte "manamohaka nema'nuM raTaNa rAjunA virahanuM sUcaka dhruvapada banI jAya evI racanA kAvyarasapoSaka ne kAvyaghATane dRDhAvanArI thaI gaI che. ethI geyatAya AvI che. paNa moTI vAta to sahajamAM e sadhAI gaI che ke virahanA bhAvane sUcavato eka saLaMga doro, eka saLaMga sUtra jANe, rAjulanA cittanA raTaNa rUpe zlokezloke ArapAra nIkaLI, ekasUtre badhuM bAMdhe che ! virahane dore bAre mAsa jANe parovAyAM che : 'nema', 'neema', 'nema !' e rAjulanA cittanuM raTaNa ja dhruvapada ! dohAnA baMdhane laIne 'ho'-re'nAM laTakaNiyAM ane saMbodhanAtmaka nemaraTaNathI kAvya AkArita ne vahetuM rahyuM-thayuM che ! jANe palapala varasa vihAya re !... paLapaLa varasanI jema vIte che. TADhamAM, hemantamAM 'na Avyo manano mIta', eNe mahera na karI; to, ziziramAM kaLI kumaLAtI (karamAtI) rahI ! AkhI rAta jyAM valavalATamAM vIte tyAM prabhAto -- hIma paDe parabhAta re !... tyAM pAcho phAgaNa Avyo. copAsa harSa-ullAsa che : koyala mIThe bolaDe... vana kuMpala vikasaMta re...

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18Da D madhyakAlIna gujarAtI jaina sAhitya jaMgala phUle kesu, manamohanA nema ! phUlI saba vanarAya re manamohanA nema ! bAga aMbavana moriyAM manamohanA nema ! guMjata bhamara suhAya re manamohanA nema ! khalaka, devo ne loka sau potapotAnA raMgamAM masta che tyAre ahIM ja nemine jovanamAM joga' che emAM Ave che grISma : jaMgala jalatAM dekhIi, manamohanA nema ! koNa bujhAvanahAra re manamohanA nema ! bahu sahaja rIte "jaMgala' e jIvananuM ne 'Aga' e virahanuM jANe pratIka banIne nivAraNanI zakyatA ne asahyatA sUcave che. e RtumAM saune pANI game. nemineya pyAsa che priyadarzananI. paMkhI utare chAMhameM. paNa ahIM nathI pANI, nathI chAMyo ! kevI sthiti che rAjulanI ? suMdara paMktio che : oche jalameM mAchalI, manamohanA nema ! talapati phire udAsa re, manamohanA nema ! jaLa sukAtAM mAchalI taraphaDe che. tyAM ekAeka Rtu palaTAI. palaTAtA kALanI gatine paNa kavi pakaDatA jAya che : vAdaLa aMbara chAI... mora-manAM AnaMda re... pAvasa pragaTyA he sakhI !... aMga lagi jalabuMda re !" papaiyo bole. aMga bhIMjAya cuMdaDI cUve, paNa aMganI Aga na olavAya ! badhuMya UbharAya ne icchitane maLe; ahIM ja ema nahIM ! sarovarane maLe nALAM, sAgarane nadIo, taruvarane vela. sarakhesarakhAM saMga kare tyAre ahIM ? nadI jovana Utaryo. pAhunaDo dina cAra re ! juo. RtunI gati-sthiti kevI kalAtmakatAthI pakaDI ! nadI have TharI, yauvana to cAra di'nuM ja hoya. e to mahemAna, cAra di' ja rahe. e cAra divasIya rAjulanA nahIM !! zarada Ave. cAMdanI khIle; tyAreya Ane mUrajhAvAnuM ? ne chelle zaradamAM Aso-kArataka Ave. dIpotsava Ave, gharaghara dIpa jale ! ahIM paNa aMdhAruM zenuM ? e to Rtu ja bhalI che ! dIpotsavanI sAthe mukti joDAI jAya evuM RtukramanirUpaNa ApoApa thayuM che. muktiprApti paNa dIpa che.

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mahimAsAgaraziSya AnaMdavardhananI kavitA ] 187 Aso-kAti ritu bhalI, manamohanA tema ! gharighari dIpaprakAza re manamohanA nema ! rAju-nemi milAvaDo, manamohanA nema ! mugatimahelake vAsa re, manamohanA nema ! chellI samApananI kaDImAM racanAsAlano nirdeza che. kAvya suzliSTa baMdhavALuM surekha che. bhASA gujarAtI-rAjasthAnI-hindI-mizrita chatAM gatibharI ne citrAMkanakSamatAvALI che, sahaja-saraLa-sugeya che. vastu, alaMkAro, pratIko, bhAvanirUpaNa, DhALa ke baMdha vagere badhuM ja paraMparAnusAranuM che chatAM racanA atIva ramaNIya che. paraMparAne e rIte kaLAthI prayojI che. zaradamAM AvatA parivartanane, cittano haMsa priyanA guNane motInI mAphaka gotIgotIne e 52 jIve che e bhAvathI emaNe kevuM kamanIya banAvyuM che ! AvaDIka nAnakIka racanAmAM bIjI kaI rIte A vAta mukAta ? lAge che ke A ja barAbara che H nere guNa motI bhare... cUna cUna jIve haMsa re !... ahIM sIdho bodha kyAMya nathI ! muktimahelamAM priyanA guNane parakhanArI rAjula nemane maLe che evuM kathana che. ekAeka tyAM paDado paDI jAya che. pariNAme kAvyamAMthI to mahadaMze rAjulanI taDapananuM citra ja Upase che. kAvya bhale dharmabodhanuM hoya, premabodhaka ja banI rahe che. bAramAsInI mAphaka covIsI paNa saMkhyAvAcaka svarUpa sUcave; paNa ahIM pratyeka tIrthaMkaranI ekaeka alaga stuti hovAthI, ne badhI stutione parovatuM koI eka saLaMga bhAvasUtra na hovAthI Ane eka kRti nahIM kahI zakAya. e maLe che paNa be rUpe ! prAcIna sAhitya-uddhAra granthAvali' ('1151 stavanamaMjUSA')mAM alagaalaga racanA rUpe, to, savAIbhAI rAyacaMdanA 'covIsI vIsI saMgraha'mAM eka saLaMga kRti rUpe. hakIkate covIze covIza tIrthaMkarane eka pachI eka prAgaTyakrame laIne covIseya para covIsa gIto karelAM che eTale A 'covIzI' tIrthaMkaranI saMkhyAnA khyAle ne kALakramika goThavaNIne kAraNe bhale eka covIsI' kahevAya, bIjI koI rIte suzaMkhalita eka racanA banatI nathI. hA, stutimAM guNagAna ke prazasti hoya, zaraNAgata ke praNipAta hoya, prArthanA ke kyAreka koIka moTe bhAge bhale bhakti ke maheranI paNa chevaTe koIka mAgaNI hoya, kyAreka jagatanI niHsAratA ke mAyApaNAnA vyApaka paraMparAmAnya cintana ke vicAra hoya, kyAreka bodha hoya. A pAMca - prazasti, zaraNagrahaNa, mAgaNI, cintana ane bodha - AmAM paNa che. keTalAMka padomAM ekanuM to keTalAMkamAM bIjAnuM prAdhAnya che. adhyAtmanI mastInA udrekanuM AnaMda chalakatuM, adhyAtmanI aMtima anubhUtinA marmane vahatuM pada

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188 | madhyakAlIna gujarAtI jaina sAhitya ekeya nathI; na hoya te svAbhAvika che - ahIM abhigama ja stutino che. jemAM guNagAna na hoya evAM pado apavAdarUpa ! RSabhanI "mUratI navala suhAnI re !', ajitanAtha badana salUNo sajanI, nayana rasIle !', saMbhavanAtha "tuM to tribhuvana sAkhIyo re !...', candraprabhu 'biMbamanohara vimaLakaLAniko, zItalavAna sUra', ananta tribhuvananAtha." "nikalaMka sarUpa' - ema pratyeka gItamAM prazasti vattI-ochI mAtrAmAM Ave; paNa kevaLa stuti-prazastinAM ja hoya evAM to pAMca pado che : ajita, saMbhavanAtha, candra prabhu, vimala, mallinAthajina vize. emAM rUpaprazasti che. A pAMcamAMya manohara rUpAMkanathI juduM paDI jAya che "zrI vimalajinastuti': vimalakamaladala AMkhaDI, jI, manohara rAtaDI reha, pUtalaDI madha rami tArikA jI, zAmalI hasita saneha. vAMkaDI bhamuha aNIyAlaDI jI, pAtalaDI pAMpaNiyaMta. marakalaDe amRta varasatI jI, sahita sohAmaNi saMta !... AMkhanuM varNana AkarSaka che. AMtarayAmaka, aMtyAnuprAsa, rUpako, samAsa vagerethI prabhucitra surekha ne cAkSusa bane che. keTalAMka stavanomAM sIdhI mAgaNI che, prArthanA che : sAra karo prabhu mAharI re ! lakSa caurAzI jIvanA re, jIvana birUda saMbhALa re ! ('abhinaMdana.') alave visAre rakhe ! ('supAzva...') karmabaMdhanamAMthI choDAvo. mArA manamAM tame raho. bhavanI bhrAMti bhAMgo. bhavapIDA haro - evuMevuM prabhu AgaLa maMgAyuM che. "zrI aranAthajina gIta'mAM bAlaka bhAve IzvaranI AkarI ane e dvArA moTA avasara - muktinA avasaranI mAgaNI karI che ? moTe prabhukI cAkarI re lAla. moTe avasara kAja; mAgata bAlaka bAuro re lAla, dIje avicala rAja. lAgata komala mITho re lAla, kAce vacana amola; mAtA tana mana uddhase re lAla, suni bAlakake bola. joke saMsAranA piMjaramAM jakaDAyela paMkhIne uddezIne je magAya che te jANe Atmokti che : ita-uta caMca na lAIye re, rahIyeM sahaja subhAya re ! vaLI cittanI caMcaLatA jAya ne citta prabhumAM ja lIna rahe evuM magAya che ?

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mahimAsAgaraziSya AnaMdavardhananI kavitA D 189 khiNa ghoDe khiNa hAthIe re e cita caMcala heta, cupa vinA cAhe ghaNuM, mana khiNa rAtuM khiNa sveta re ! cittanI caMcaLatAnuM A citra mohaka che. A gItonI bodha-cintananI pravaratAne kAraNe judAM paDI jAya che cAra : "zrI sumatijinanuM, "zrI vAsupUjinanuM, "zrI neminAtha jina'nuM ane rUpakAtmaka "zrI zreyAMsajina'nuM pada, bodha madhyakALAnurUpa che. kadAca, jene ApaNe bodha kahIe chIe te sAdhune mana sahaja svAbhAvika ane ISTa guNasmaraNa hoya. sumati sadA dila meM dharo, ThaMDo kumati kusaMga; sAce sAhiba zuM milo, rAkho avihaDa raMga. (su. jina) hAM re sakhI sAca vinA kima pAIe ? sAce sAhiba zuM prIti re ? sakhI jhUThekuM sAcA kiuM mile? jhUThekI kyA paratIti re ? (vA. jina) yauvana pAhunA jAta na lAgata pAra. (ne. jina) saMsArarUpI zaherane cAra daravAjA, corAzI lAkha ghara ne gharaghara meM nATika bane, mohanacAvanahAra, vesa bane keI bhAta ke dekhata dekhanahAra. caudarAjake cakimeM. nATika vividha prakAra, bhamarI deI karata. taththaI, phiriphiri e adhikAra. nAcatA nAca anAdiko, huM hAryo niradhAra, zrIzreyAMsa kRpA karo AnaMdake AdhAra. (.jina) ahIM paTAMtare nATaka-bhavAI jevA lokanATyanA ullekho noMdhapAtra che Ajane mATe. "tatheI jemAM Ave evuM pAtro bhamarI letAM jatAM hoya evuM nATaka ! ahIM to rUpaka che. A jagata AvuM nATaka che, zephaspIara yAda Ave ne ? chellI paMktimAM "ANaMda | AnaMda AnaMdavaradhana - ema "nAmAcaraNa hoya che. pratyeka gIta tyAranA dezI DhALamAM che ne gItane AraMbhe pratyeka DhALano tyAranA koI pracalita, gItanI prathama paMktithI nirdeza che. ahIM DhALanuM sAruM vaividhya che, gIta badhAMya sugeya che. chelle covIsIkartAno saheja vIgate paricaya che. (A eka ja kaDI covIseya gItane bAMdhanAra bane che, joke ethI gIta baMdhAtAM nathI !). AdikulagiricaMdramA, saMvata kharatara vANa cauvIze jina vInavyA, Atamahita mana ANa ! jinavardhamAna mayA karo cauvIzamA jinarAya, mahimAsAgara vInatI ANaMdavardhana guNa gAya. ema covIzI pUrI thAya che. jevo kAvyaguNa saghana ekatrita rUpe bAramAsAmAM vahe che tevo ahIM nathI. chatAM bhaktiudreka sAco hovAnI pratIti AmAMnAM keTalAMya

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19o D madhyakAlIna gujarAtI jaina sAhitya padamAM, sAcA anuraNanathI, thAya che. e pado kAvyaguNe suMdara kRtio rUpe dIpe che. dA.ta. suvidhijina gIta H AkhuMye sarasa che - chelle che? more manaDe he sakhI eka saneha ke, rAtadivasa ramato rahuM, kahe ANaMda he sakhI bhagata pramANa ke, bhAve tima koI kahuM. mananA UbharAtA snehanI A saraLa bhajanavANI che. trIjI kRti che "araNikamuninI sajhAya. (e zrI nagInadAsa kevaLadAsa zAha, pATaDIvALA saMpAdita "sajhAyadi saMgraha bhA.1'mAM kramAMka 110thI 117, pR.107 para maLe che.) e eka saLaMga, ATha DhALa ane 92 kaDIovALI, AkhyAnAtmaka racanA che. nAnakaDuM jaina kathAparaMparAnuM AkhyAna. kathAzo kaDavAMne badale DhALamAM vibhakta thayA che. DhALane AraMbhe 'doho' che, bIjI DhALathI je AraMbhano doho Ave che te AgaLapAchaLanI DhALone sAMdhatI kaDInuM kAma kare che. bAramAsAmAM kavinuM prakRtinirUpaNa ane pAtracitraNazakti joyAM. emAM anAyAsa kalAghATa baMdhAya che. stavanomAM bhaktinirUpaNa joyuM. ahIM kathA Alekhana joIne paNa prasanna thavAya che. premAnaMdaDhabanA AkhyAnothI jarA judI, rAsa-caritAdi nAme oLakhAtAM. samAntara vahetAM AvAM jainAkhyAnonI paraMparAne saLaMga tapAsavA jevI, che. ahIM pratyeka "DhALIne kramAnusAra laIne kRtiparicaya karAvyo che. sarasvatIne jarAka paMtyAdhathI vaMdIne kavi tarata kathA AraMbhI de che ? taMgiyAnagarI, mahIM jitazatru nAme majAno rAjA, tyAM eka vyavahAriyo nAme datta ane piyunuM rAtI raMga' evI enI patnI dattA. emane batrIsalakSaNo suMdara putra ahaMtraka. emAM ekavAra tyAM AvI caDela eka sUrIzanAM vacano sAMbhaLIne dattanuM mana vairAgyathI bhInuM thayuM. patnIne vAta karI. to e kahe, "piyu pAkhe koNa mAhare re, sukhadukha kero jANa ?" tethI bALaka suta sAthe karI re, lIdho saMyamabhAra..' tyAre nAnakaDo ahaMnnaka paNa RSirAya banyo. pitA gocarIe jAya ne pote rAha joto beTho rahe. pitA Ave. vaiyAvacca kare tAtajI re, moha na jItyo jAya. Ama datte sAdhujIvana gALyuM. deha paDyo. bALaka nirAdhAra banyo. raDatA bALakanuM citra hUbahU che : ahaMnnaka chAno raDe, hAtha thakI mukha bhIDa, paNa je nayaNAM nIMgaLe, teha jaNAve pIDa. paNa raDyuM ne cintA karye zuM vaLe ? have to khare bapore gocarIe paNa javA lAgyo :

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mahimAsAgaraziSya AnaMdavardhananI kavitA me 191 khare bapore gocarI re lAla, nagara taNA paMtha dUra ho tAtajI ! taDataDatA taDakA paDe re lAla, sveda taNA vahe pUra ho tAtajI ! DhALanuM dhruvapada che ho tAtajI' ! pitA vihoNA bALakanA manano sahajAra ne taDakA kevA lAgyA ? taDataDatA ! zvAsa bharANo sAdhujI re lAla, dhagadhaga dhagate pAya re ho tAtajI ! - taDake tana rAtuM thayuM re lAla, jovana sovana kAya re ho tAtajI ekamAM paMkRtyanta re lAla' ne bIjImAM re ho tAtajI' emAM kavino haMgata bhaktibhAva paNa DhaLyo che te sUcavAya che. prAso anAyAsa sadhAtA Ave che. e citrane surekha bhAvAnuprANita kare che : "dhagadhagate pAya" ane "jovana sovana kAya'. have bALaka moTo thayo che. tyAM sudhI A prakriyA cAlI che. paNa e pAchuM vALIne joto sudhdhAM nathI. emAM eka vAra thAkyo. eka AvAsa nIce jarA thAka khAvA beTho. ene tyAM gokhe beThela suMdarIe joyo : tiNa avasara teNe gokhameM beThI dIThI nAra; taruNI-tana-mana ullalluM, nayaNe jhaLakyuM vAri. taruNane jotAM ja e virahiNI ekAkinInuM mana caLyuM. kavi puliMgI prayoga kare che : "mana caLyo'. "munivara dekhI mana caLyo' e A DhALanI dhruvapaMkti che. e ekalI che, vaibhavI che. svecchAcArI che. vaLI ATha gaNo nathI kahyo nArI-viSayavikAro re; lAja cauguNI citta dhare, sAhasano bhaMDAro re. A vyApakoktine kavi dRSTAntothI anumodana Ape che. A taruNIe paNa sakhIne mokalIne RSirAyane teDAvyo. page lAgI. pUchyuM : zuM mAgo svAmI tame? kavaNa tumAro dezo re ? rUpavaMta raLiyAmaNA, dIso jobanavazo re ! A kahe: 'huM to sAdhu. dezavideza vicaruM manathI prabhumAM anurakta rahIne. mane to mAtra bhikSA khape." e to gharamAM jaIne kesaramizrita modaka laI AvI. vahorAvatAM-vahorAvatAM kahe : he guNavaMtA sAdhujI, bhamavuM gharagharabAro re, dikSA duSkara pALavI, visamo tuma AcAro re ! ahIM mahAlaya che, hiMDoLAkhATa che, phUlonI maheka che, sarakhe-sarakhI joDa ApaNI che; motInAM jhUmakhAM, rUpeNI roLa, lAkheNA oraDA, ratnajaDyA paDasALa - A vaibhava Akho tamAro. Avo." ne munivara caLyA. munivara caDhiyA mALIye, cAlI gayA aNagAra, bhAmInI zuM bhIno rahe, virUo viSayavikAra. enuMye sarasa citra Ape che :

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19ra D madhyakAlIna gujarAtI jaina sAhitya kSaNa caubAre mALIye, kSaNa hiMDoLAkhATa; kSaNa lAkhINe oraDe, pUre mananI ATa. kSaNa cAkhaDIye cAlato, Thamake Thavato pAya; mukha marakalaDAM melato, mAninI moha upAya. basa, Ama khele phUlataLAIe, melI sarave rIta. kavi saraLa bhASAmAM, taLapadI vANImAM, kathAdora sAthe vAcako zrotAnuM citta joDAyeluM ja rahe evI saraLa pravAhI rIte vAta karye jAya che. emanI bhASA hiMdInA mizraNathI jema judI varatAI Ave che tema A taLapado vaibhava paNa noMdhavo paDe ! - sAdhutA visarI gayo ! ahIMthI kathA jarA pAchalA prasaMganuM citra Ape che. sAdhu enA sAthIthI judo paDelo. gocarIe be sAthe nIkaLelA. tyAre, A sAthIe pAchaLa joyuM to e na maLe ! khyAla AvI gayo. nakkI nArIe bhoLavyo. nArI nayaNe bhoLavyA, bhUlA paDyA apeha, harihara-brahmA sArikhA, hajI ya na lAdhyA teha. vAMka potAno lAgyo. pote dhyAna na ApyuM ! vilapavA lAgyo. AcArya AgaLa AvIne kahe : mAharo atraka kiNe dITho nahi re ! mAtAe sAMbhaLyuM. e ya vilapavA lAgI. ('mAruM mANekaDuM...' jevuM ja suMdara vilapana !) gAmegAma gote nIkaLIne gheraghera pUche : gharaghara pUche vilakhANI thaI re : "dITho koI nAnaDiyo veza re ? khAMdhe tara lAkhANI lobaDI re. munivara rUpa taNo sanniveza re zerIe-zerIe pharIpharIne. gheraghera rIherIne mALiye-mALiye gheragherI pUche nAra re ! pAchuM citta phare che. ahaMtraka ramaNIraMge masta che. jharUkhe besIne pAse rame che tyAM - raDatI paDatI sAdhavI re mAtA dIThI tAma re ! be ja zabdo eka karuNagheruM sajIva citra khaDuM kare che baraDatI paDatI." ne pazcAttApano pAra na rahyo : guru choDI gokhe ramuM re. mAtA TaLavaLe Ama re ! 'guru' ane "gokha'mAM "ga'no prAsa ane paristhitibheda banne sAthe vIMdhAyA ! AkhIye A DhALa enA pazcAttApanI che. AtmopadezanI che. jAgelo potAnI jAtane ja pahelo cetave : A maMdira-mALiyAM konAM ? A ramaNIraMga kono ? keTalA dA'DAnA ? cAra divasanA ja ne ? tanadhanajobanano A ahaMkAra !? khaMkhero :

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mahimAsAgaraziSya AnaMdavardhananI kavitA D 193 rAvaNa sarIkhA rAjavI re, laMkA sarakho koTa re, rUThe kameM roLavyo re rAmacandrajIkI coTa re ! je mUche vaLa ghAlatA re, karatA moDAmoDa re, teha masANe saMcaya 2. kAja adhUrA choDa re. AtmabhAna jAgatAM ja - ahaMnnaka UThI gayo, khela adhUro choDa. mAnI mAphI mAgI. mAne to putra jAgyo ethI jANe dUdha vUkyA meha re !" naMdana ! zuM kIdhuM teM eha ? tuM zuM bolyo ! vAha! haiyuM TharyuM. upadeza ApavA mAMDIH sau potapotanA svArthe rAca: svArtha pUro thatAM vahetAM mUke. sAtha na Ave suMdarI, sAtha na Ave Atha, UThI jAvuM ekaluM re, ThAlA leI be hAtha re. mana pAchuM vairAge vaLyuM hatuM ne mAno upadeza maLyo. eTale saMvegI-zira-seharo. vairAgye mana vALI, choDI maMdira navalakhAM, UThI cAlyo tatkALI. gurane bheTyo. dIkSAzikSA grahI. gurue zikhAmaNa ApI, vairAgya bodhyo. grahyo. chevaTe anazana laIne mukti pAmyo. ne chellI be ja kaDIo samApananI che ? jina taNI zIkha sohAmaNI re, kare kuLaavasa, ' te lahe lIlA ANaMda zuM jema vilase re gaMgAjaLa haMsa. saMvata sattara cimottare vaDa kharataragaccha vAsa, gaNi mahimAsAgara hita vaDe ANaMde kahyo rAsavilAsa re ! e be kaDIone bAda karo to kathA nibaMdha satata svaccha kalakalatA jharaNAnI jema vahI che. khUba game evI kRti che. - A sivAya paNa chUTaka stavana-chaMdAdi che. emAM paNa kaviguNe kAvyAsvAda - dharmabodhanI sAthosAtha - maLe che. saMsAranI jALamAM phasAyelA jIvanuM eka citra "zrI aMtarIkSa pArzvanAtha jina chaMda' nAme nava kaDInI racanAmAM che. rUpakacitra juo : e to bhamaralo kesUDA bhrAnti dhAyo. jaI zuka taNI caMcu mAMhe bharAyo, zuke jAMbu jANI gale duHkha pAyo, prabhu lAlace jIvaDo ema vAhyo ! bhamare popaTanI rAtI cAMcane kesUDo mAnyo, to popaTe bhamarAne jAMbuM mAnyuM ! banne phasAyA ! paNa vAMcanAra phasAto nathI ! ene bodhane miSe paNa Ama kAvyarasa maLe che ! AvA kavio svataMtra abhyAsane pAtra.

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adhyAtmI zrI AnaMdaghana ane zrI yazovijaya mohanalAla dalIcaMda dezAI - - - - * AnaMdaghanako AnaMda, sujaza hI gAvata, rAhata AnaMda sumati saMga. * sumati sakhike saMga nitanita dorata, kabahu na hotahI dUra, jazavijaya kahe suno ho AnaMdaghana !, hama tuma mile hajUra. - yazovijayanI 'AnaMdaghana aSTapadI' pada 1 ne 2. baMne hatA saMsArathI virakta sAdhuo - eka phakkaDa - 'avadhU' - avadhUta eTale masta, AtmalakSI, AtmAnI dhUnavALA. athavA AtmadhUta eTale AdhyAtmika dRSTie saMyamI, tyAgI, ugra AtmalakSI adhyAtmI "mam' (mystic), jyAre bIjI mahAna tArkika - 'nyAyavizarada' ane 'nyAyAcArya e padothI vibhUSita paMDita. baMne hatA kavio. eka tIvra siddhAMtabodha, UMDI mArmika zastraSTi ane anubhavayogathI bharelAM jinastavano tathA bhakti-vairAgyaprerita rahasapUrNa gIto-padomAM potAnA aMtaranigUDha bhAvone (mysticismne) "veda na jAnuM kitAba na jAnuM, jAnuM na lacchana chaMdA. takavAda vivAda na jAnuM, na jAnuM kavi-jaMdA' (pada 26muM) ema namrapaNe kahetA-jANatA chatAM preraNAmaya ullAsathI bharelI samartha bhAvavAhI vANImAM lokabhASA dvArA vyakta karanAra adhyAtmI kavi, ane bIjA nyAya, adhyAtma, yoga, kathA Adi viSayone saMskRta, prAkRta ane lokabhASA dvArA padyamAM gUMthanAra tathA "vANI vAcaka jaza taNI, koI naye na adhUrI re' (zrIpAla rAsa, 4-1ranI chellI paMkti) evo hiMmatathI dAvo karatA vidvAna kavi. baMnenA niMdaka chidrAnveSI ane vagovanArA temanA samayamAM aneka hatA - bannene yathAsthita prIchanArA parIkha' bhAgye ja hatA. saMtajanonI dazA temanA samayamAM prAyaH evI hoya che, chatAM teo to 'AtmajJAnI, samadarzI ne vicare udayaprayoga' e pramANe rahI potAnI apUrva vANI' karthe jAya che. A baMne mahApuruSonuM sukhada milana thayeluM, pariNAme je naya paMDita ane pratibhAzALI vidvAna adhyAtmarasika hatA te vadhu Atmasthita adhyAtmI banyA. AnaMdaghana e takhallusa che. temanuM mULa nAma lAbhAnaMda hatuM. enuM pramANa jJAnavimalasUrie emanAM bAvIsa stavanono bAlAvabodha karyo temAM te stavano lAbhAnaMdajIta' che te spaSTa jaNAvyuM che. ane devacaMdrajInA vicAraratnasAra'mAM pravacana aMjana jo sadguru kare, dekhe parama nidhAna' e AnaMdaghananA "dharmanAtha jina stavananuM caraNa TAMkI evuM zrI lAbhAnaMdajIe kahyuM che ema te graMthamAM che. vizeSamAM

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aghyAtmI zrI AnaMdaghana ane zrI yazovijaya ] 195 eka ja sthaLe potAnA bAvanamA padamAM 'nAma AnaMdaghana lAbha AnaMdaghana' e parathI khuda pote sUcita karyuM che. temanAM gAma, mAtApitA, jJAti, gaccha vagerenAM nAma temaja janma-dIkSAavasAna AdinA nizcita saMvata maLatA nathI tema potAnI kRtinI racanAnA saMvata paNa pote Apela nathI eTale bane teTaluM bIjAM sAdhanathI zodhavAnuM rahyuM. temanAM stavanomAM je dezIo vAparI che te parathI kaMIka kAnirNaya anumanAya : dA.ta. bIjA jinastavananI ane AThamA stavananI dezIo 'karmaparIkSA-ka2Na kumara calyo re' ne 'kumarI rove AkraMda kare mane koI mukAve' e saM.1672mAM (kha.) samayasundare meDatAmAM racelI 'priyamelaka copaI'nI trIjI ane bIjI DhAla che; chaThThA stavananI 'cAMdalIyA saMdezo kahe mAharA ketane re' e te (kha.) samayasundaranA saM.1673mAM meDatAmAM ja racelA 'naladavadaMtInA rAsa'nA khaMDa 3nI cothI DhAla che; cothA ne AThamA stavananI 'Aja nihejo re dIse nAhalo' ne "ima dhanno dhaNane paracAve' e anukrame (kha.) jinarAjasUrinA saM.1678mAM racelA 'zAlibhadra rAsa'nI 11mI ane 21mI DhAla che; caudamA ane bAramA stavananI vimalakula-kamalanA haMsa tuM' ane 'tuMgiyA giri ziravari sohai' e anukrame (ta.) sakalacaMdrakRta 'bAra bhAvanA"mAM pahelI 'bhAvanAnI sajhAya'nI, tathA 'baladeva sajhAya'nI che (saM.1640 AsapAsa) ane 'guNaha vizAlA maMgalikamAlA' e dazamA stavananI dezI te (ta.) prItivimalanA 'goDI pArzvanAtha stavana'nI (saM.1671 AsapAsa) che. A parathI e stavano saM.1678 pachI yA te AsapAsa racAyAM che. yazovijaya ke jemanI dIkSA saM.1988mAM ne svargavAsa saM.1743mAM thayelo nizcita che, temanuM milana AnaMdaghanajI sAthe avazya thayuM hatuM. te yazovijaye saM.1699mAM kAzI pratye vidyA arthe vihAra karI tyAM traNa ane Agre jaI tyAM abhyAsArthe cAra varSa gALI gujarAta pratye vihAra karatAM amadAvAda saM.1718 lagabhaga AvyA1 te daramyAna thayuM hoya ema anumAna thAya che. teozrI saM.1650thI saM.1910 sudhI vidyamAna avazya haze. ema kahevAya che ke temaNe 24 jina paikI 22 jinanAM stavano racyAM, ane 22 stavana para khuda yazovijaye, saM.1769mAM jJAnavimalasUrie ane jJAnasAre saM.1866mAM bAlAvabodha racyA che. yazovijayakRta bAlAvabodhano temanI karelI kRtionI eka patra 52 maLelI TIpamAM ullekha che, paNa te upalabdha nathI. jJAnavimale ane jJAnasAre khUTatAM chellAM be stavana pote racI umerI teno bAlAvabodha paNa pote umerela che. jJAnavimale ema jaNAvyuM : 'zrI lAbhAnaMdajIkRta stavana etalA 22 dise che. yadyapi (bIjA) hasya tohI ApaNe hAthe nathI AvyA' ne temano bAlAvabodha sAmAnya che. jJAnasAra pote adhyAtmI hatA tethI temaNe 2celo bAlAvabodha mUla nigUDha Azayane sparze che, chatAM pote yathArtha sthiti

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19s | madhyakAlIna gujarAtI jaina sAhitya samajAve che ke : Azaya AnaMdaghana taNo, ati gaMbhIra udAra, bAlaka bAMha pasAra jima, kahai udadhi-vistAra, tema manoratha mujha mane, piNa budhi viNa kima thAya, gurakirapAthI gahana naga, paMgura pAra laMghAya. kata-Azaya ati kaThina, kemehI na lakhAya, piNa jehavI mujha dhAraNA, aratha tehavo thAya, Ika gati mati AdarzanI, jehavI mati mukha hoya. tehavA mati-AdarzamAM, Anana-arthau joya. kiha mArI mati kiha aratha. aMtara dina ni hoya. Azaya dina te ati ujala, mati amAvAsa mohi, bAlaka bAMha pasAra jima, kahi hai nabha- vistAra, jJAnasAra timahi ligo, artha vicAra vicAra. piNa Atama-anubhava vinA, AnaMdaghana pada-artha, karavo te gati AMkhane, jehavA aMjana vyartha. bAvIsI'nA artha pUrA karI vaLI jJAnasAra kahe che ke : mujha pada AnaMdaghana pade, pada na artha Ameja, tArinameM kabahu na huve, caMdrakiraNa so teja, piNa bAvIse jina nakI, tavanA karI bAvIsa, Age tavanA nA karI, AnaMdaghana kavi-Iza. pai Azaya kaviko kaThinaati gaMbhIra udAra, vaja udadhi AkAza para, upameyopama dhAra, para (pakha) vina uDana kaThina, tirana vina teru jalarAzi, temeM buddhi vinA arathakaraNe mahA prayAsa. IM umaMga ati rasate, huto vacana manavRtti, Azaya giri mujha paMgu mati, na kare caDhana-prayatna. rAja dusaha jinavara kahe, Ane karyo prayAsa, ke gurakirapAne karyo. saphala aratha AyAsa. bhASAkI bhASA karI, merI mati anusAra, vibudha azuddha lakhi sodhasI, karasI mujha upagAra. ane gadyamAM trIjA jina stavananA bAlAvabodha aMte kahe che ke : AnaMdaghananAM vacana che to svAvAda-TaMkazAlI, paNa AzayanuM durlabhapaNuM. thoDe akSare arthanuM bAhulya, ehanI yojanAnuM e pramANIpaNuM che.' vaLI pote kahe che ke " jJAnasAre mArI buddhi anusAra saM.1829thI vicAratevicArate saM.1866 zrI

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adhyAtmI zrI AnaMdaghana ane zrI yazovijaya ] 197 kRSNagaDha madhye Tabo likhyo, para meM itarAM varasAM vicAratAMvicAratAM hI isI siddhi thaI.' Ama 38 varSanA khUba vicArane aMte karelA bAlAvabodhathI potAne saMtoSa thayo nahoto. AnaMdaghananAM bAvIsa stavanomAM mUkelA viSayo ekaekathI caDe che ane temAM koIe nahIM kaheluM evuM apUrva vastu Ave che. (1) nirupAdhika prIta (2) satyamArganI vi2latA ane 'kAlalabdhilai paMtha nihAlazuM re, e AzA avalaMba' e AzAvAda (3) prabhusevArahasya (4) darzana-durlabhatA (5) prabhunAM guNavAcI nAmo (6) paramAtmAmAM AtmArpaNa (7) karmaviccheda-paramAtmatvaprApti (8) pUrva janme na thayela evA prabhudarzananI prabala icchA (9) prabhupUjA (10) prabhumAM tribhaMgIo (11) adhyAtma (12) prabhunuM zuddha svarUpa (13) prabhumUrti-darzanathI vAMchita siddhi (14) prabhusevA khAMDAnI dhAra (15) dharmano marma (16) samabhAva zAntinuM svarUpa (17) caMcala mana (18) prabhuno prarUpela dharma (19) sevaka tarIke vinaMtI (20) prabhuprArthanA (21) cha darzanano jaina darzanamAM samanvaya (22) rAjulanI vinaMtI. 23mA ane 24mA jinanAM stavano kema sAMpaDatAM nathI ? (1) zuM te mahApuruSano te 2ce te pahelAM deha paDI gayo haze ? (2) temanAM racelAM lupta thayAM haze ? (3) te loka pAse mUkavA yogya nahIM gaNI jANI joIne mukAyAM nahIM hoya ? - trIjo vikalpa vadhu saMbhavita hoya ema koI tarka kare che, kAraNake te jainayuga' mAsikanA saM.1982nA bhAdrapada AzvinanA aMkamAM pR.66mAM meM prasiddha karelA temanA ja racelAM hoya to temAM 23mA pArzvajana stavana'mAM nizcayamArga che ane 24mA 'vIjina stavana'mAM 'alakha agocara anupama arthano, koNa karI jANe re bheda, sahaja vizuddhaye re anubhava-vayaNa je, zAstra te sayalA re kheda; dizi dekhADI re zAstra vi rahe, na lahe agocara vAta, kAraja sAdhaka bAdhaka rahita je, anubhava mitta vikhyAta' ema jaNAvI zAstra karatAM anubhavanI vizeSatA batAvI che; saghaLAM zAstrane 'kheda' zabda vAparI temane utArI pADavA jevuM vacana loko mAnI le ane tethI aviparyAsa kare e kAraNe te gopya rakhAyAM hoya. bIjA ghaNA kavioe jinastavano racyAM che. te sarvamAM AnaMdaghananAM sarvoparipada le che. kavi ne marmI (mystic) tarIkenuM tenuM sthAna sarvottama che. jainetara gUjarAtI kaviomAM paNa emanuM pada koI laI zake tema nathI. teo satyazodhaka, AtmagadveSaNA karanAra ane AtmajJAnI hatA e, temAMthI vicArakane sahaja jaNAya tema che. ---- stavano uparAMta hiMdI bhASAmAM emaNe botera pado racyAM ja che ane te 'AnaMdaghana bahottarI' tarIke prasiddha che. 72 uparAMta bIjAM temanA nAme caDyAM che, ne kula temanAM tarIke 107 po chapAyAM che, temAM bIjA kavionAM paNa mizrita thayAM lAge che. chapAyelAMmAM dA.ta. pada pa3, 63 te 'baMsIvALA' 'vrajanAtha' saMbaMdhI che te ApaNA A AnaMdaghananAM lAgatAM nathI, te ja agara tevA nAmanA kavio anya

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198 madhyakAlIna gujarAtI jaina sAhitya dharmanA thayA che. temanAM pado paNa 'AnaMdaghana bahottarImAM nAmasAmyanA kAraNe asAvadhAnI ane aNasamajathI tenA saMgrahakAre prathama zrI bhImazI mANekathI chapAI prasiddha thayelA saMgrahamAM mUkI dIdhelAM lAge che. ukta bahottarI'nI hastalikhita prato meM aneka joI che. paNa te darekamAM 7rathI ochAM, kvacit 72 ane bhAgye ja tethI vadhu maLe che ne te paNa cArapAMcathI vadhu nahIM ja. A saMbaMdhI jAMca-saMzodhana haju sudhI koIe karavAno parizrama lIdho nathI. te pado para vidvAna vivecakone zaMkA to thaI ja haze, paNa te mATenI hastalikhita prato ekatrita karI te sAdhana dvArA samAdhAna ke nirNaya karavA pratye temanI udAsInatA. vartI che. mArA alpa saMzodhanathI hAla eTaluM kahI zakuM ke eka sArI hastapratamAM upalabdha thatAM 72 pado prastuta mahApuruSanAM racelAM hoya e saMbhavita che. te bahoMtereya gaNAvavA karatAM te sivAyanAM je pAMtrIsa chapAyela bahottarImAM vadhu pragaTyAM che tenI saMkhyAnA AMka ApavAthI TUMkAmAM pataze. te AMka e che ke H 1ranI sAkhI, 17, 19, 20, 27, 31, 36, 37, 42, 48, pa3, papa. 56, 58thI 61, 3, 64, 5nI sAkhI, 66, 74thI 76, 80thI 81 ke jemAM kavi-nAma "AnaMda Apela che, 82, 84, 94, 96thI 103 ane 105thI 107. A pAMtrIsamAM kadAca becAra AnaMdaghanajInAM svataH racita hoya, paNa tethI vizeSa temanAM nahIM hoya. AnI puSTimAM mIrAM, kabIra vagere temaja ghanAnaMda Adi jainetara temaja jena hiMdI kavionA padasaMgraha bhegA karI khoja karavAmAM Ave to AdhAra maLI rahe. meM digaMbara jaina hiMdI kavio nAme banArasIdAsa, bhUdhara ane ghAnatarAyanAM padono saMgraha tapAsI joyo te mAlUma paDyuM ke temanAM koI pado AnaMdaghanajInA nAme caDI gayAM che ane sAthe parivartana paNa pAmyAM che; dA.ta. banArasIdAsa ke jeno janma saM. 1643mAM thayo tenI nAnI kRtiono saMgraha "banArasIvilAsa' saM. 1701mAM thayo hato. teo AgrAmAM bahu rahyA. teo prathama zvetAMbara saMpradAyanA anuyAyI hatA ane pachI digambara saMpradAyanA thayA hatA. teo eka pratibhAzALI kavi uparAMta adhyAtmI ane vedAntI hatA. kriyAkAMDa para ghaNuM mahattva ApatA nahIM. 'samayasAra nATaka' e temano prasiddha graMtha che. temanA banArasIvilAsa'mAM chevaTe ApelAM padomAMnuM pada ke je "AnaMdaghana-bahottarI'mAM 105mAM pada tarIke pheraphAra pAmI chapAyuM che te tenI sAthe sarakhAvIe : banArasIdAsa mUlana beTA jAyo re sAdho, mUlanI jAne khoja kuTuMba saba khAyo re, sAdho, mUlana, janmata mAtA mamatA khAI, moha lobha doI bhAI, kAma krodha doI kAkA khAye, khAI tRSanA dAI. pApI pApa parosI khAyo, azubha karama doI mAmA,

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adhyAtmI zrI AnaMdaghana ane zrI yazovijaya L 199 mAna nagarako rAjA khAyo, phaila para saba gAmA. duramati dAsI (matsara) dAdo, mukha dekhanahI mUo. maMgalAcAra vadhAye bAje. jaba yo bAlaka huo. nAma dharyo bAlakako sudho, rU5 varana kachu nAhIM nAma dharaMta pAMDe khAya. kahata banArasI bhAI. (mUlana - mUla nakSatramAM janmelo. enA janmathI AkhA kuTuMbano nAza thAya che. tevo apazukaniyo jIva hoya to tevuM thAya.) AnaMdaghana abadhU vairAga beTA jAyA, yAne khoja kuTuMba saba khAyA avadhU. jaise mamatA mAyA khAI. sukhadukha dono bhAI, kAma krodha donoku' khAI khAI tRSNA bAI. dumati dAdI matsara dAdA, mukha dekhatI muA, maMgalarUpI badhAI vAMcI, e jaba beTA huvA. puNya pApa paDozI khAya, mAna lobha dou mAmA, mohanagarakA rAjA khAyA, pIche hI premate gAmA. bhAva nAma dharyo beTAko, mahimA varaNyo na jAI, AnaMdaghana prabhu bhAva pragaTa karo. ghaTaghaTa rahyo samAI. bhUdharadAsa te AgrAmAM rahenAra khaMDelavAla jAtinA 18mI sadInA aMte vidyamAna hatA. temaNe saM.1783mAM "jainazataka' saM.1789mAM "pArzvapurANa' hiMdImAM racyAM, uparAMta pado racyAM. temAMnuM eka 10muM pada AnaMdaghanajInA pada tarIke naM. 97 je rIte TUMkAIne chapAyela che te atra darzAvIe : bhUdharadAsa ve koI ajaba tamAsA. dekhyA bIca jahA nave. tamAsA supanekA sA. ekIke ghara maMgala gAvai, pUgI manakI AsA, eka viyoga bhare bahu rovai, bharI bharI naina nirAsA. teja turaMgani pai caDhi calate, pahire malamala khAsA, raMka bhaye nAge ati Dole, nA koI deya dilAsA. tarameM rAja takhata para baiThA, thA khuza vakhta khulAsA, ThIka dupaharI muddata AI, maMgala kInA vAsA. tana dhana athira nihAyata jagameM, pAnI mAMhi patAsA, bhUdhara inakA garaba kare je, phiTa tinakA janamAsA. (tarake - savAramAM, vakhata - siMhAsana, nihAyata - sarvathA, janamAsA - manuSya janma.)

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200 ] madhyakAlIna gujarAtI jaina sAhitya yA pudgalakA kayA visavAsA, he supanekA vAsA re. camatkAra vijalI de jaisA, pAnI bIca patAsA, yA dehIkA garva na karanA, jaMgala hoyagA vAsA. jUThe tanadhana, jUThe jobana, jUThe hai gharavAsA, AnaMdaghana kahe sabahI jUThe, sAcA zivasukhavAsA. ghAnatarAya paNa AgrAnA vAsI hatA. jAti agravAla, janma saM.1733, saM.1746mAM jaina dharma pratye zraddhAlu thayA. dharmavalAsa-ghAnatavilAsa' saM.1780mAM racI samApta karyo. temAM potAnI tamAma racanAono saMgraha che. te sArA vi hatA. temanAM naM. 73 ane 80 be pada AnaMdaghana bahottarI'mAM naM.107 ane 42 ema maLI Ave che. te sarakhAvIe H ghAnatarAya AnaMdaghana tuma jJAnavibhava phUlI vasanta, yaha manamadhukara sukhasoM ramanta dina baDe bhaye vairAgabhAva, mithyAmata-rajanIko ghaTAva. bahu phUlI phailI suruci veli, jJAtAjana samatAsaMga keli. ghAnata vAnI pika madhurarUpa, suranara pazu AnaMdaghana surUpa. tuma jJAnavibho phUlI vasanta, manamadhukarahI sukhasoM rasanta. dina baDe bhaye vairAgabhAva, mithyAmati-rajanIko ghaTAva. bahu phUlI phalI suruci vela, jJAtAjana samatAsaMga kela. ghAnata bAnI pika madhurarUpa, suranara pazu AnaMdaghana sarUpa. aba hama amara bhaye na mareMge Teka tana-kArana mithyAta diyo taja, karyo kari deha dhareMge. upajai maira kAlaneM prAnI, tAteM kAla hareMge, rAga doSa jagabaMdha karata hai, inako nAza kareMge. deha vinAzI, maiM avinAzI, bhedajJAna pakareMge nAsI jAsI hama thiravAsI, cokhe ho nikhareMge. mare ananta vAra bina samaOM, aba saba dukha visareMge, ghAnata nipaTa nikaTa do akSara, bina sumarai sumareMge. (cokhe - zuddha cidAnaMda, do akSara - AtmA) AmAM ghAnata e zabdathI kavinuM nAma nIkaLe che, paNa temAM 'AnaMdaghana' zabda paNa Avyo eTale AnaMdaghanajInA nAme caDAvI dIdhuM jaNAya che. have bIjuM ati prasiddha pada laIe H ghAnatarAya - Teka

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adhyAtmI zrI AnaMdaghana ane zrI yazovijaya | 201 AnaMdaghana aba hama amara bhaye na mareMge. yA kAraNa mithyAta dIyo taja, kayuM kara deha dhareMge. rAga dosa jagabaMdha karata hai, Inako nAsa kareMge, maryo anaMta kAlaseM prANI, so hama kAla hareMge. deha vinAzI, huM avinAzI, apanI gati pakareMge, nAsI jAtI hama thIravAsI, cokhe hUrva nikhareMge. maryo anaMta vAra bina samajyo, aba sukha duHkha visareMge, AnaMdaghana nipaTa nikaTa akSara do, nahi samare so mareMge. AmAM "ghAnatAne badale "AnaMdaghana' mUkavAthI chaMdobhaMga spaSTa rIte thAya che. kabIranuM eka pada eka jUnA hastapatramAMthI meM utAryuM che tenI sAthe "AnaMdaghana bahottarI'nuM 106muM pada AbAda maLe che ? kabIra rAga sAraMga bhamarA ! kti guna bhayo re udAsI. tana tero kAro mukha tero pIro, saboM phulanako suvAsI. jyA kali beThahI suvAsahI lInI, so kalI gaI re nirAsI. kaheta kabIrA suno bhAI sAdho ! jaI karavata lyo kAsI. AnaMdaghana rAga naTTa kina guna bhayo re udAsI, bhamarA ! kina. paMkha terI kArI. mukha terA pIrA, saba kulako vAsI. bhamarA. saba kaliyanako rasa tuma lInA, so kyuM jAya nirAsI, AnaMdaghana prabhu tumAre milanakuM, jAya karavata lU kAsI. Ama zodha karatAM jarUra kAMI ne kAMI maLe che ane maLI Avaze. "avaLI vANI'nAM be pada "AnaMdaghana bahottarImAM naM.98 ne 99 che te paNa bIjA sthaLethI sAMpaDaze. AnaMdaghanajIe pado zuddha hindI - vrajabhASAmAM racyAM che paNa gujarAtI lahiyA ane prakAzakoe temane lakhavA-chapAvavAthI temAM gujarAtIpaNuM AvI gayuM che ane hindI nahIM samajavAthI ghaNI azuddhio rahI gaI che. AthI te padonuM zuddha saMskaraNa koI hindI marmajJa vidvAn pAse karAvI te prakaTa karavAnI khAsa jarUra che. bIjA kavionAM pado ghUsavAthI ane te jaina marmI AnandaghananAM gaNAI javAthI temanA saMbaMdhI te parakIya pado uparathI je vidhAno karavAmAM Ave te mithyAropita nIvaDe, tethI temane kharekhara anyAya thAya. dA.ta. AcArya kSitimohana sene "jainamaramI AnaMdaghana' e nAmano hiMdImAM marmagrAhI lekha

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202 D madhyakAlIna gujarAtI jaina sAhitya lakhyo. huM dhAruM chuM ke temanA te lekhanA mULa baMgAlI (baMga saMvat 1388nA kArtika mAsanA pravAsI' nAmanA suprasiddha mAsikanA aMkamAMnA) lekha parathI rA.suzIle 1 ane 8 naveMbara 1931nA "jaina"nA anukrame be mananIya agralekho lakhyA che. temAM jaNAvyuM che ke : "ghora aMdhArI rAte nirjana aTavImAM AthaDatA musAphara karatAM paNa satyazodhakanI vihvaLatA aneka gaNI tIvra ane jAjaramAna hoya che. prakAza ! vadhu prakAza !' e mauna ahAleka jagavato te ThekaThekANe bhame che. kyAMya ghaDIka bese che ane kaLa vaLI-na vaLI tyAM to UThIne AgaLa cAle che. zrI AnaMdaghanajI mahArAjanI satyazodhakatA paNa lagabhaga AvI ja haze ane zrI kSitibAbue je samIkSA karI che temAM paNa satyajijJAsu AtmAnI utkaTa vedanA kevI hoya tenI ApaNane jhAMkhI thAya che. teo mAne che ke yogAdinI prakriyAmAM paNa A satyanA AzakanuM mana na mAnyuM. baMsIvALA' ane 'vrajanAtha' tarapha temanI dRSTi gaI. pada pa3, 63 ane 94mAM enuM AchuM guMjana saMbhaLAya che : "sArA dila lagA hai baMsIvArAsu...' ane vrajanAthase sunAtha bina, hAthohAtha bikAyo' eTaluM ja nahIM, paNa aMtaranI dvidhAne ukheDI nAkhatA hoya tema te uccAre che - "auroMkA upAsaka huM. kaise koI udhAruM, duvidhA yaha rAkho mata, yA varI vicAruM.' A udgAro game ene uddezIne bahAra AvyA hoya, paNa AtmAne manAvavAnA vyartha prayatna hoya ema nathI lAgatuM ? kharuM jotAM to emanA aMtarAtmAno jhoka vItarAga tarapha ja vaLato hato. paNa e vizenI spaSTa upalabdhi emane kadAca e vakhate na thaI hoya. "zyAma'nI bhakti paNa Akhare viplava jagADe che. cittane jevI joIe tevI zAnti nathI maLatI. kaMTALIne vyathita hRdaye gAya cheH "zyAma !, mane nirAdhAra kema mUkI, koI nahIM huM kona zuM boluM, sahu AlaMbana TUkI, zyAma ! mane nirAdhAra kema mUkI. (pada 94muM) A padano artha karatAM zrI kSitibAbu, jANe rAdhikA kRSNavirahane aMge A pada gAtI hoya ema ghaTAve che. AdhyAtmika arthamAM sumati cetanane vinavatI hoya evo artha paNa ghaTAvI zakAya. paraMtu e uparauparanI carcA javA daIe to zrI AnaMdaghana jevA sAdhakanI dardabharI dazA samajavAmAM e pada ghaNI sahAya kare e nirvivAda che. emanA jamAnAnA pakSAgrahathI chUTavA e mathe che, koIno roSa paNa vahorI le che, najara kyAMya TharatI nathI kAraNake prANa jevI vastu emane kyAMya dekhAtI nathI. emanA samayanI paristhiti jotAM, eka taraphathI yazovijayajI mahArAjanI vidvattAno prakhara prakAza bhalabhalA paMDitone nisteja banAvI rahyo che, bIjI tarapha paMnyAsa satyavijayajIno kriyoddhAra potAno pratApa pAthare che ane e ja vakhate gacchanAyaka vijayasiMha(? vijayadeva)sUrinI ANa varte che. sau lAbhAnaMda' arthAt AnaMdaghanane cAhe che, chatAM e adhyAtmayogI jANe pAMjarAmAM purANo hoya ema pukAre che. zrI kSitimohana sena kahe che : "AnaMdaghana mananI vyAkuLatA TALavA bahAra

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adhyAtmI zrI AnaMdaghana ane zrI yazovijaya | 203 paDavA, vividha sAdhanAnI aMdara thaIne temaNe mArga kApavA mAMDyo. emanI mUMjhavaNa joIne lAga maLyo che ema samajIne keTalAya saMpradAyavALAo temane potAnI tarapha tANavA lAgyA. jabaradastI paNa vAparI joI. AnaMdaghana paNa zuM kare ? teo nirupAya hatA, azakta hatA. emaNe saMpradAyanA badhA julamo sahI lIdhA. eka pakSavALA Ave, dhamakAvIne potAno kakko kharo karAvI jAya. vaLI bIjo pakSa Ave. te paNa baLa batAvI jAya ! A sthiti temane asahya thaI paDI. jANe ke koI eka kuLavadhu vakhAnI mArI bahAra raDavaDatI hoya ane svArthIo vakhata varatIne tenI upara potAno dora calAve evI dazA AnaMdaghanajI anubhavI rahyA. A duHkhanI marmabhedI kahANI ghaNI khUbIthI emaNe potAnA padamAM utArI chemAyaDI ! mune nirapakha kiNahI na mUkI, nirapakha rahevA ghaNuM hI jhUrI, dhIme nijamata mUkI (kUkI), mAyaDI !' (juo pada 48muM) gujarAtI vAcakone sAru A AkhA padano artha ApavAnI jarUra nathI. zrIyuta sena mahAzaya Ane "potAnA samasta jIvananA duHkhanI camatkArika kahANI" kahe che. kharuM jotAM e padamAM eka nirAdhAra satyazodhakanuM AkaMda ane tenI sAthe nirbhayatAnuM karuNa sukumAra saMgIta bharyuM che. AnaMdaghanajInI sAdhanA jo sIdhI, sahaja gatie cAlI hota to kadAca vizva A mArmika vedanAnA sUra na sAMbhaLata. aMte e vikaTa mArga paNa kapAya che ane aMdhArI aTavImAM AthaDato pravAsI, uSAno udaya nihALI ullAsa anubhave tema A satyazodhakanA "ghaTamaMdiramAM dIpaka prakaTe che, sahaja jyoti relAya che, ajJAnatAnI niMda tUTe che ane anubhavaprIta jAge che." ema jANe koI jogI jagatanA cokamAM UbhA rahI Alamane uddhodhato hoya tema AnaMdaghanajI uccAre che : "rAma kaho rahemAna kaho kola, kAna kaho mahAdeva rI; pArasanAtha kaho kou brahmA, sakala brahma svayameva rI." (juo pada 67muM.) zrIyuta kSitimohana sena, A badhA uddagAro sAthe kabIra, dAdU ane rajjabajInI vANInI tulanA kare che ane sAdhakonA AdhyAtmika anubhava dezakALanA bheda vagara kevA ekarUpa bane che teno thoDo khyAla Ape che. e pachI paNa madhyayugamAM je vakhate nirarthaka AcAra ane vidhiniSedhanI ghaDabhAMjamAM lagabhaga badhA saMpradAyo DULyA hatAte vakhate jaina samAja kyAM hato ane AnaMdaghanajI jevA puruSo, emanI koTInA bIjA puraSothI judA kema jhaLakI UThyA e rahasya upara paNa zrIyuta kSitimohana sena thoDo prakAza nAkhe che ane ame mAnIe chIe ke e prakAza Aje paNa ApaNane thoDe ghaNe aMze upayogI thaI paDaze." upara TAMkelAM pada pa3, 63 ane 64 jo zrI AnaMdaghanajInAM hoya, to tenA madAra para UbhI karelI siddhAMta (theories) ane vicArazreNInI imArata zrI kSitibAbunI tarkazuddha che. parantu kharuM jotAM te pado ja te adhyAtmayogInAM nathI lAgatAM tethI tema hoya to te ImArata paDI bhAMge che. zrI suzIle te para vicAra karI

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204 | madhyakAlIna gujarAtI jaina sAhitya eka jaina tarIke samanvayapUrvaka vicArazreNIne chaNIne jaina dRSTibiMdu paNa prAyaH kSati na Ave e rIte rajU karyuM che. samasta rIte eka abhyAsI tarIke vicAratAM mane spaSTa lAge che ke AnaMdaghanajI satyazodhaka - satyanA Azaka hoI temaNe "prakAza - mahAprakAza' meLavI lIdho hato. nirAzA, nirAdhAratA, nivArI dIdhI hatI, vItarAga jina ane tenAM darzana - Agamo pratye avicala saMjJAna zraddhA ane vizvAsa hatAM. chaye darzano anekAnta jaina darzananAM sApekSa aMga che e bhAra daIne temaNe zrI naminAtha stavanamAM batAvyuM che. uikta sena mahAzaye AnaMdaghana-bAvIzIno marmasparzI abhyAsa karyo jaNAto nathI.] emanAM jina-stavano ane padomAM e aTala zraddhA temaja adhyAtma-yoga otaprota dekhAya che. emanA aMtarAtmAno saMpUrNa jhoka vItarAga ja pratye vaLyo hato eTaluM ja nahIM paNa tenI spaSTa upalabdhi paNa thaI hatI. eTale yogAdi prakriyAmAM temanuM mana na mAnyuM ne baMsIvAlA' - zrIkRSNa pratye dRSTi karI, pachI e "zyAma'nI bhaktie paNa viplava jagADyo, judI judI sAdhanAvALA tenA para asara karavA lAgyA ane te bAbatanI "camatkArika kahANI' 48mA padamAM batAvI e sarva vAta nirAdhAra bane che. temane to acchI rIte vidita hatuM ke "mata-mata-bhede re jo jaI pUchIe, sahu thAye ahameva' (4thuM sta.), chatAM masta banI potAno mArga pote kAThe jatA hatA - dhIThAI karI mAraga saMcaruM, saguM koI na sAtha.' zraddhA to acala ne acalita hatI - "zuddha zraddhAna viNa sarva siriyA kare, chAra para lIMpaNuM te jANo." (14muM sta.) guru kevA joIe ane tenI jarUra che e saMbaMdhI kahe che ke "Agamadhara guru samakitI, kiriyA saMvara sAra re, saMpradAyI avaMcaka sadA, zuci anubhavAdhAra re, zuddha AlaMbana Adare, tajI avara jaMjAla re, tAmasI vRtti savi pariharI, bhaje sAttvikI zAla re." (16muM sta.) tathA juo pada 68muM ane zruta anusAra vicArI boluM, suguru tathAvidha na mile re.' (21muM sta.) chatAM je pavitra anubhavano AdhAra guru para pote rAkhe che, je anubhavanA vizrAma ke virAma" gurune pote mAne che te anubhava - zuddha AtmAnubhava - AtmapratIti potAne thayela che - AtmAnI bheTa thaI che; ane "aviSamapaNe jyAM AtmadhyAna varte che evA' potAne te "aho aho huM mujane kahuM, namo muja namo muja 2. amita-phaladAna-dAtAranI, jehanI bheTa thaI tuja re' (16muM sta.) ema kahI namana kare che. juo "suhAgaNa jAgI anubhava prIta' (pada 4thuM), "mere ghaTa jJAna-bhAnu bhayo bhora' (pada 15muM), "avadhu ! anubhava-kalikA jAgI' (pada 23muM) vagere, ane pada 78mAM kahevuM che ke "jagata guru merA meM jagatakA cerA, miTa gayA vAdavivAdakA gherA', "guruke gharakA marama meM pAyA, akatha kahAnI AnaMdaghana bhAyA.' teo yogI hatA. (juo pada muM) vaLI, sarva dharma pratye niSpakSa bhAve samabhAva rAkhatA, e temanuM 61muM pada "rAma kaho rahemAna kaho' e spaSTa kare che. 'bhAratIya samAja bheda-bahula che, tyAM vidhavidha bhASA, dharma, jAtio che, e kAraNe

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adhyAtmI zrI AnaMdaghana ane zrI yazovijaya | 205 bhAratanA marmanI vANI ja aikyanI vANI che. e kAraNe bhAratanA je yathArtha zreSTha mahApuruSa thayA che temaNe manuSyanA AtmA-AtmAmAM setu-nimaNi karavAnuM IchavuM che, bAhyAcAroe bhAratamAM vividha prakAranA bhedane majabUta karI rAkhyA che, tethI bhAratanI zreSTha sAdhanA e che ke bAhyAcArono vyatikrama karI aMdaranA satyano svIkAra karavo. paraMparAkramathI bhAratavarSanA mahApuruSono Azraya laIne A ja sAdhanAnI dhArA cirakAlathI cAlI Ave che' - e sva. ravibAbunuM maMtavya AnaMdaghanajIne yathArtha lAgu paDe che. teo "phakkaDa' hatA, lokasaMjJAnI darakAra na karatAM dharmasamAjamAM viparIta sthiti varte che ema spaSTapaNe sUcavatA. dA.ta. gacchanA bheda bahu nayaNa nihAlatAM, tattvanI vAta karatAM na lAje, udarabharaNAdi nija kAja karatAM thakAM, moha naDiyA kalikALa-rAje (14muM sta.) "puruSa paraMpara anubhava jovatAM re, aMdhoaMdha pulAya, vastu vicAre re jo Agame karI re, caraNadharaNa nahIM ThAyaabhimate vastu vastugate kahe re, te viralA jaga joya' (bIjuM sta.), "mata-mata-bheda re jo jaI puchIe, sahu thApe ahameva' (4thuM sta.), duSTajana saMgati pariharI, bhaje suguru saMtAna re. joga sAmarthya cittabhAva je, dhare mugati nidAna re' (16muM sta.), "ema aneka vAdi-mata-vibhrama, saMkaTa paDiyo na lahe, cittasamAdhi mATe puchuM, tama (prabhu) viNa tattva koI na kahe (rU. 20muM) vagere. AthI teo lokapriya ke gacchapriya ke sAdhupriya nahIM thayA. eTaluM ja nahIM paNa potAno nidharilo mArga apUrva ne aTUlo hoI laukika ane sAMpradAyika mArgane ghaNA kALathI varelA bIjAothI vagovAyA. lokomAM temane 'bhaMgaDabhUto' nAma apAyuM. zrI mahAvIra prabhuno satya upAsaka potAne paDatA upasargone AnaMda-prasannatAthI nirveda ke kheda vagara samabhAve sahe. tene potAnA mana para koI paNa jAtanI viSama asara karavA na de ane potAnI AtmamastImAM gulatAna - tallIna rahI AtmajJAna ane cittasamAdhithI dhyeya pratye pratikSaNa dRSTi rAkhI te vIratvathI sAdhavA samasta prakAre sAvadhAna ane prayatnazIla rahe. AtmajJa hoya te ja zokanI pAra jaI zake che - tarati zatmivi. AtmavidyA ja kharuM sukha ane sAcI zAMti ApI zake che. e ekalavihArI hatA. pAchalI avasthAmAM gujarAtane tajIne mAravADanA mIrAMbAInA piyara gAma meDatAmAM rahetA ema kahevAya che. temanA saMbaMdhamAM saMto vize bane che tema aneka kathAo ane vAto pracalita thaI che. e sarvamAM UtaravuM e vistArabhayane lIdhe atra yogya nathI. temAMthI mukhya svara te saMtanI mahattAno ja nIkaLe che. mahAtmA gAMdhIjI kahe che ke "mIrAMnA uddagAramAM kRtrimatAnuM nAma sudhdhAM nathI. mIrAM gIta gAI gaI che tenAthI gAyA vinA rahevAyuM nahIM mATe; sIdhuM hRdayamAMthI nIkaLyuM che, kudaratI jharaNAnI peThe jANe phUTI nIkaLyuM na hoya. yazano moha athavA lokonI vAhavAha meLavavAno kaMI e padano hetu thoDo ja hato ? jema ghaNA

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206 D madhyakAlIna gujarAtI jaina sAhitya cAraNa-cAraNIonAM, gItano hoya che. A ja enI apIla che je kadI vAsI thavAnI nathI." (prabuddha jaina, 1-11-41, pR.124) mIrAMnA padonI e vAta AnaMdaghananAM padone barAbara lAgu paDe che. eTaluM nizcita che ke mIrAMbAI, narasiMha temaja kabIra, dAda, suradAsa vagere jainetara saMtonAM padonuM sAhitya amara che, te pramANe AnaMdaghananAM stavano ane padonuM sAhitya mAtra jaina sAhityamAM ja nahIM paNa samasta bhArata-sAhityamAM sAruM sthAna le tema che. te samajavA mATe jainadharmanI paribhASA to alabatta thoDIghaNI jANavI paDaze. dharmasamAjanI viSama sthitinI vacamAM rahIne rA. suzIla zrI kSitibAbunA lekha uparathI kahe che tema "je vakhate vAguvaibhava ane vidhiniSedhanI ghaDabhAMjamAM ja vidvAno ane saMpradAyanA mahArathIono ghaNo kharo samaya kharcAI jato hato (zrI yazovijaye pUvadha jIvanamAM karyuM tema), te vakhate adhyAtmayogI AnaMdaghanajInI sAdhanAe madhyayugamAM eka judI bhAta pADI. prakhara paMDito ane vAdavivAdamAM vAcaspati jevA gaNAtA puruSonI vacce temaNe potAnI sAdhanA cAlu rAkhI. temaNe A preraNA zI rIte meLavI ane dekhItI nirAzA vacce paNa teo kema aDaga rahI zakyA e eka vicAravA jevo viSaya che." zrIyuta kSitibAbunuM e kahevuM lakSamAM rAkhavAnuM che ke "bahAranA badhA prabhAvathI potAne sarvathA alaga ane vizuddha rAkhavAmAM jaino khUba ja sAvaceta rahe che. eTaluM chatAM AnaMdaghanajInA AdhyAtmika taraMgoe pelI kRtrima dIvAlonI paravA na karI. jaina samAje ati sAvadhAnapriyatAmAMthI upajAvelAM asaMkhya arthahIna vajabaMdhano paNa e vidrohanA heturUpa hoya. jaina dharme prakaTAvelI (adhyAtmajJAnanI) mazAlonAM teja dhImedhIme bujhAtAM hatAM, navuM dIvela pUranAra puruSa kyAMya dekhAto na hato ane vadhu AzcaryanI vAta to e che ke mazAla bujhAvA chatAM mazAlanA hAthA e jANe saLagatI mazAla hoya ema mAnI teo mArga kADhe jatA. AnaMdaghanajIe emAM thoDuM jIvana pUryuM. jagate jaina dharmano prakAza eka vAra pharIthI nIrakhyo. paNa enI avadha maryAdita hatI. vidrohanI pratikriyA to kyAranIye zarU thaI cUkI hatI." eTaluM chatAM te vidvAne prakArAMtare sUcavyuM che ke jaina saMghanA khamIramAM viplavavAda bharyo che. AtmakalyANa ke janakalyANanI kAmanAvALo koI paNa jaina vahelo yA moDo baLavAkhora banyA vinA na rahe. zrI mahAvIra prabhu paNa moTI krAMti karanAra hatA. A dRSTie AnaMdaghanajI ane temanA sarakhA adhyAtmayogIonuM sthAna ghaNuM ucca che. evA puruSo ja bujhAtI mazAlomAM navuM teja pUre che ane jaina zAsananI upakArakatA siddha kare che. zrI yazovijaya zrI AnaMdaghanajIne maLyA hatA te vAta para AvIe te pahelAM jenA saMbaMdhI meM ghaNuMye ekatra karI lakhI rAkhyuM che ane jenA saMbaMdhI mArI saMpAdita karela "sujasavelI bhAsamAM temaja paM. sukhalAla Adi aneka vidvAnoe lakhyuM che ane ghaNuM lakhaze tethI vadhu na kahetAM te yazovijayanA atyAre sthAnAbhAvane lIdhe

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adhyAtmI zrI AnaMdaghana ane zrI yazovijaya | 207 ati TUMka paricayathI saMtoSa laIzuM. gAyakavADa rAjyanA gujarAtanA dhINoja gAma pAse lagabhaga naiRtya khUNAmAM kanoDA nAmanA gAmamAM vaNika nArAyaNanAM patnI sobhAgadethI putra nAme jasavaMte nAnAbhAI padhdhasiMha sahita tapAgacchanA navijaya muni pAse saM. 1688mAM pATaNamAM dIkSA lIdhI. temanuM nAma yazovijaya, jyAre anujanuM nAma padmavijaya rakhAyuM. saM.1699mAM amadAvAdamAM ATha avadhAna karyA. tyAMnA zeTha dhanajI sUrAnI Arthika sahAyanA vacane guru sahita kAzI pratye vihAra karI tyAM traNa varSa eka tArkika brAhmaNa vidvAna pAse nyAyano abhyAsa karI eka saMnyAsI vAdIne jItI tyAM "nyAyavizArada' pada meLavyuM, pachI guru sahita AgrA jaI tyAMnA nyAyAcArya pAse cAra varSa abhyAsa karI nyAyAcArya thayA. gujarAta pratye vihAra karI amadAvAda sUbA mahAbatakhAna pAse aDhAra avadhAna kaya. gacchanAyakane A vidvAnane yogya upAdhyAya' padavI ApavA vinati thaI paNa te amalamAM na AvI. pachI vijayaprabhasUri taraphathI saM.1718mAM upAdhyAyapada maLyuM. saM. 1743mAM DabhoImAM svargastha thayA ne dehasaMskArasthaLe samAdhisUpa karavAmAM Avyo. ATalI nizcita hakIkata "sujasavelInA katAM samakAlIna kAMtivijaye ApI che. A stUpanAM darzana A kArtika mAsamAM ja huM DabhoI jaI karI Avyo. tyAM pAdukA ane te para saM. 1743no kotarela lekha che, ne hAlamAM vIsAzrImALIonI vADImAM eka navI deharImAM te virAjamAna che ne sAthe moTI raMgIna chabI tAjI kalpanA parathI karAvI rAkhelI che. teo prakhara prakAMDa tArkika hatA ne temaNe aneka khaMDanAtmaka kRtio racI. pratibhA ane vipula buddhivaibhavathI 'ciMtAmaNI' jevA gahana vAyagraMthane abhyAsI - avagAhI pachI darzanagraMtho ane pUrvAcAryonA yoga. adhyAtma Adi viSayanAM pustakonuM sUkSma adhyayana karI ghaNA graMthonI racanA karI. AvA upAdhyAyanA upAdhyAya evA, gacchanAyaka ane AcAryapadane zobhAve evA, balka vaNikaputra mahAna jyotirdhara hemacaMdrAcAryanI koTimAM Ave evA A bIjA vaNikaputra yazovijayane 'upAdhyAya' jevuM pada ApavuM e tapAgacchanA nAyaka zrI vijayadevasUrine ane temanA saM.1713mAM svargavAsa pachI vijayaprabhasUrine ThIka na lAgyuM. anyanA tejanA dveSa ghaNA sahana karI zakatA nathI, chatAM tejasvI te tejasvI rahe che. yazovijayane zAstrAgamanA pramANathI gacchanAyakanI ghaNI pravRttio aniSTa lAgI hatI. te mATe sAmAnyapaNe paNa spaSTa kathana karavAmAM temaNe hiMmata batAvI hatI. paNa paraMparAgata sAdhusaMghavyavasthAnA bala ane lokamAM vaselA gacchanAyaka pratyenA prabala AdarabhAvane kAraNe Akhare A tejasvI yazovijayane paNa tejahIna thavuM paDyuM. vidvattAnI dRSTie nahIM. paNa potA pratyenI ananya bhaktithI prerAIne vijayadevasUrie potAnI pATa para besavA niyukta karelA ane pachI paTTadhara thayelA vijayaprabhasUri sAmAnya koTinA hatA. temanA pratye

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208 D madhyakAlIna gujarAtI jaina sAhitya yazovijaya jevAne ati AdarabhAva na hoya te svAbhAvika che. vaLI durbhAgye gacchAcArya thavA yogya ane jemanA pratye potAno bahu pUjyabhAva hato te vijayasiMhasUri saM.1709mAM svargastha thayA. temaja bIjI anekagaNI viSama paristhiti hatI ke jemAM atra sthAnAbhAve UtaravuM yogya nathI. yazovijayajIne nIcenA zabdomAM temanI AtmapratiSThA ghavAya te rIte mAphI mAgavI paDI. "OM natvA saM.1717 varSe bha. zrI vijayaprabhasUrIzvara caraNAnuM zizulezaH paM. nayavijayagaNiziSya jasavijayo vijJapayati, apara Aja pahilA je maI avajJA kIdhI te mApa. harvei Aja pachI zrIpUjyajI thakI karyU viparItapaNuM karuM. tathA zrIpUjyajI thakI je viparIta hoI te sArthi miluM to, tathA maNicaMdrAdikani tathA tehonA kahiNathI je zrAvakana zrIpUjyajI upa,i gacchavAsI yati upari, anAsthA AvI che te anAsthA TAlavAno ane tehoni zrIpUjyajI upari rAga vRddhivaMto thAI tema upAya yathAzakti na kare to, zrIpUjyajInI AjJAruci mAhiM na pravarte to mAhari mAthaI zrI zatruMjaya tIrtha loyAnuM, zrI jinazAsana utthApyAnuM, cauda rAjalokanaI viSaI vartai te pApa." (pUjya pravartaka zrIkAntivijayajI pAse 4-5 Ica lAMbA pahoLA, kAgaLanA kakaDA upara lakheluM che tenI akSarazaH nakala.) saM.1718mAM - uparanI mAphI pachI prAyaH eka varSe vijayaprabhasUrie yazovijayajIne "upAdhyAya' pada ApavAnI kyA batAvI. vidvAna, paMDita, kavi ne graMthakAra yazovijaya adhyAtmarasika hatA e temanA aneka graMtho parathI spaSTa bhAse che, tethI te adhyAtma-jJAnI Atmasthita adhyAtmayogI AnaMdaghanajIne maLavA iche ane maLe e svAbhAvika che. vaLI AnaMdaghanajI bAvIzI para pote bAlAvabodha racyo hato. te bAvIza stavane lokapracalita thayAM hatAM te to tenI dezI potAnI kRtimAM lIdhI che te parathI jaNAya che (dA.ta. cAra DhAlanA nizcayavyavahAra garbhita sImaMdhara sva.' DhAla trIjInI dezI abhinaMdana jina ! darizana tarasIye' e AnaMdaghananA 4thA stavananI prathama paMkti). pote AnaMdaghanajInA milana pachI keTalA prasanna ane AnaMdamaya banyA hatA tenuM tAdRza svarUpa "AnaMdaghanajInI stutirUpa aSTapadI' eTale ATha pada racela che temAM ApyuM che. dA.ta. mAraga calate calata gAta, AnaMdaghana pyAre, rahata AnaMda bharapUra, jazavijaya kahe suno ho AnaMdaghana ! hama tuma mile hajUra. (1luM pada) kou AnaMdaghana chidra hi pekhata, jasarAya saMga caDI AyA, AnaMdaghana AnaMda rasa jhIlata, dekhata hI jasa guNa gAyA. (4thuM pada) e rI Aja AnaMda bhayo, mere terI mukha nirakha nirakha, roma roma zItala bhayo aMgo aMga - e rI. (7muM pada)

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adhyAtmI zrI AnaMdaghana ane zrI yazovijaya | 209 AnaMdaghana ke saMga sujasa hI mile jaba, taba AnaMda sama bhayo sujasa, pArasa saMga lohA myuM pharasata, kaMcana hota hI tAke kasa. (pada 8muM) (pR.295thI 298) A parathI cokhkhuM pratIta thAya che ke yazovijaye karelA meLApathI AdhyAtmika lAbha hRdayane saMtoSa Ape tevo potAne thayo hato ne teno AnaMda jIvanaparyata rahyo hato. tethI AnaMdaghananI smRtimAM AnaMdaghana, AnaMda, cidAnaMda, cidAnaMdaghana, paramAnaMda, sahajAnaMda, cirUpAnaMda evA zabdo potAnI kRtiomAM khUba vAparyA che. dA.ta. "samatAzataka'mAM - anAsaMga mati viSayameM. rAgadveSako cheda, sahajabhAvameM lInatA, - udAsInatAbheda. 6 tAko kAraNa amamatA, tAmeM mana vizarAma kare, sAdhu AnaMdaghana hovata AtamarAma. 7 parameM rAce pararuci, nijaruci nija guNa mAMhi, khele prabhu AnaMdaghana dhari samatA gale bAhi. 77 AnaMdaghana jevA pArasamaNi maLavAthI pote loha te kaMcana thayela che, yA AnaMdaghana samAna thayela che ema yazovijaye kahela che eTale adhyAtmarasikamAMthI anubhavI-adhyAtmajJAnI banela che. A baMnene lokoe pUrA pichAnyA nahotA. kou AnaMdaghana chidrahI pekhata' evuM AnaMdaghana mATe yazovijaye kahela che, tema potAne mATe te yazovijaya ghaNe sthaLe niMdaka durjano sAme pokAra vyakta kare che. dA.ta. prabhu ! mere ayasI Aya banI, manakI vyathA kunarpe kahIe? jAno Apa dhanI. prabhu ! citta tu bhaI durajanake bacanA, jese ara aganI sajjana kou nahi jAke Age, bAta kahuM ApanI. prabhu (pR. 119) aba merI aisI Aya banI. kopAna upajAvata durjana, mathana vacana aranI nAma japu jaladhAra tihAM tu ja, dhAruM duHkhaharanI. aba0 . mithyAmati bahu jana hai jagameM, pada na dharata dharanI unate aba tuja bhaktiprabhAveM. bhaya nahi eka kanI. aba0 (.100-101) muja tuja-zAsana-anubhavako rasa, kyuM karI jANe loga ? apariNIta kanyA navi jANe, kyuM sukha dayita-saMyoga. (pR.87) durajana zuM karI je huo dUSaNa, hue tasa zoSaNa ihA, ehavA sAhibanA guNa gAI, pavitra karuM huM jIhA. (pR.70)

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210 ] madhyakAlIna gujarAtI jaina sAhitya (juo mAro saMpAdita. zrI yazovijayaracita "gUrjara sAhityasaMgraha' bhA.1) AvAM khala ane durjana taraphathI thayelA AkSepo, vagoNAM vagere batAvatAM aneka avataraNo yazovijayajInI gujarAtI temaja saMskRta kRtiomAMthI maLe che, ke je huM atra sthAnAbhAve utArato nathI. uparanA thoDA utArA parathI jaNAze ke e nindAthI potAne bahu lAgI AvatuM, tenuM zoSaNa-nirAkaraNa-nivAraNa karavAnI icchA rahetI, krodha Upajato paNa prabhunI bhakti ane guNagAna karIne AzvAsana letA ane hRdayano krodha ne kheda nivAratA. zrI AnaMdaghana eTalA masta ane ucca koTinA hatA ke temane kopa thAya nahIM ane niMdAnI ke mAnanI paravA hoya nahIM. ATalo bannemAM aMtara lAge che. chatAM yazovijayanI AtmadazA uttarottara caDatI gaI che. emanI Atmasthiti emanA ja zabdamAM joIzuM. 'samyadRSTi-dvAaizakAmAM kaheluM che keH mithyAdRSTigRhItaM hi mithyA samyagapi zrutam / samyagdRSTigRhItaM tu samyag mithyeti naH sthitiH // "mithyAdRSTie grahaNa kareluM samyakRta hoya topaNa mithyA thAya che, jyAre samyagudRSTie grahaNa kareluM mithyAzrata hoya to paNa samyapha thAya che. ane tevI amArI sthiti che." eTale pote mithyAzrato avagAhelAM te pote samyagudRSTi hoI potAne samyapaNe thayAM che - pariNamyAM che. zAstranA samyaka paricayathI, dhImAnonA saMpradAyane anusarI ane potAnA anubhavayogathI racelA potAnA "adhyAtmasAra' nAmanA graMthamAM nIcenA (prabaMdha 3 zloka 40) parathI jaNAya che ke temane samabhAva hato ne tenuM sukha pote joeluM hatuM. dUre svargasukhaM mukti-padavI sA davIyasI / manaH saMnihitaM dRSTaM spaSTaM tu samatAsukham / / "svarganuM sukha to dUra che ane mokSapadavI to vaLI ati dUra che, paraMtu mananI samIpe ja raheluM samatAnuM sukha to (ame) spaSTa rIte ja joyeluM che." zokamadamadanamatsarakalahakadAgrahaviSAdavairANi / kSIyante zAntahadAmanubhava evAtra sAkSI naH / / "zAnta hRdayavALAnA - zamayukta cittavALAnA zoka, mada, kAma, matsara, kalaha, kadAgraha, viSAda ane vaira e (sarve) kSINa thAya che, e bAbatano sAkSI ahIM amAro anubhava ja che." (prabaMdha 7, zloka 18) brahmastho brahmajJo brahma prApnoti tatra kiM citram / brahmavidAM vacasA'pi brahmavilAsA nanu bhavAmaH / /

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adhyAtmI zrI AnaMdaghana ane zrI yazovijaya [ 211 brahma eTale paramAtmA vize (jJAnanA upayoge) rahelo brahmajJAnI eTale zuddha caitanyane jANanAro brahmane - zuddha caitanyane pAme temAM zuM Azcarya ? paNa brahmajJAnInA - AtmajJAnInA (AnaMdaghanajInA) vacanathI paNa ame brahmanA vilAsane - cidAnaMdane anubhavIe chIe." (prabaMdha 7, zloka 19) anubhava - AtmadarzananuM svarUpa dAkhavI te potAne gurukRpAthI (AnaMdaghananI kRpAthI) prApta thayo, samyakatva jaLahaLita thayuM, mohane anubhavathI nirbaLa karyo e vAta saM. 1738 pachI racelA 'zrIpALa rAsa'nA cothA khaMDanA chevaTanA bhAgamAM pote jaNAve che. temAMthI thoDI kaDIo laIe : mAhare to guracaraNapasAryo. anubhava dilamAM peTho. Rddhi vRddhi pragaTI ghaTa mAMhi, Atama-rati huI beTho. ugyo samati-ravi jalahalato, bharama-timira savi nATho. tagatagatA dunaya je tArA, tehano baLa paNa thATho. harakhyo anubhava-jora hatA je, mohamalla jaga-lUMTho, paripari tehanA marma dekhAvI, bhAre kIdho bhUTho. anubhava-guNa Avyo nija aMge, miTyo rU5 nija mATho. sAhiba sanmukha sunajara karatAM, koNa thAye uparAMTho ? zrI AnaMdaghana peThe yazovijaye paNa aneka pado racyAM che ane te "jazavilAsa" e nAme prakaTa thayAM che. vizeSamAM juo mArI saMpAdita yazovijayakRta 'gUrjara kAvyasaMgrahanA pahelA bhAganI AvRtti pR.141thI 178, 295thI 298.) jainomAM saMto - saMtasAhitya jevuM che ke nahIM enI pUchapAi thAya che. teno uttara che ke jainomAM aneka saMto thayA che ane potAnI vANI' (madhyayugamAM 'vANI' zabda saMtonI racanAo mATe vaparAto) hRdayanA sahaja udgAra rUpe gAI mUkI gayA che. dA.ta. zvetAmbara saMpradAyamAM ukta zrI AnaMdaghana, yazovijaya. vinayavijaya (sva. saM. 1738; temano vinayavilAsa' nAmano padasaMgraha), jJAnasvara (kavi kAla saM. 185rathI 1888, temano suMdara padasaMgraha che ne durbhAgye aprakaTa che. te meM ekatrita karI rAkhyo che ne chapAvanArane vAMke amudrita rahyo che), caritranaMdi - ne kavitAmAM jJAnAnaMda (sa. 1889thI 1909; juo temanA "jJAnavilAsa' ane saMyamataraMga' nAme prakaTa thayelA saMgraha), kapUravijaya te cidAnaMda (20mI sadInA AraMbhe; 'cidAnaMda bahotarI' vagere teno saMgraha chapAyela che), khoDAjI ane rAyacaMda kavi (20mI sadInA madhyamAM temano saMgraha chapAyo che). digambara saMpradAyamAM banArasIdAsa, bhUdharadAsa, ghAnatarAya, dolatarAma, bhAgacaMda Adi thayA che ke jemanAM pado banArasIvilAsamAM ane jaina pada saMgraha'nA pAMca bhAgamAM trIzeka varSa

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212 [ madhyakAlIna gujarAtI jaina sAhitya pahelAM sAkSara nAthurAma premIjIthI saMpAdita thaIne jaina graMtha ratnAkara kAryAlaya taraphathI chapAyela hatAM. teno uThAva AvAM pavitra ane UMcI kakSAnAM pustako pratyenI jainonI upekSA ane jaDatAnA kAraNe vizeSa na thaI zakyo tethI tenI bIjI AvRtti thaI zakI nathI. A sarvanAM padonI rasamaya cUMTaNI karI-karAvI eka sAmAjika granthAvRtti koI prakAzaka bahAra pADe to jainomAM paNa sAcA sAhityane gaurava Ape evuM cirakAlIna saMtavANI-sAhitya bharyuM che enI pratIti jainetara bahusaMkhyAvALI prajAne karAvI zakAze. atyAra sudhI jaina kavionuM gItasAhitya ajainonA dRSTipathe AvyuM nathI, mukAyuM nathI emAM ApaNe jaino ja nimittabhUta chIe. keTalAka jaina ane jainetara - baMne samAjamAM thayelA kavionAM cUMTelAM padone ekatrita ApavAno saMpAdaka paM. becaradAse zubha prayAsa karyo che te hamaNAM "dhama[mRta' nAme granthAkAre bahAra paDyo che e noMdhavAyogya bInA che. AvA saMgrahathI tulanAtmaka dRSTithI ekabIjAthI samAnatA jovAnI - sarva pratye AdaramAna utpanna karavAnI ane saMtakavionA anubhavathI bharelAM vacanomAM keTaluM badhuM sAmya bhareluM che te pArakhavAnI taka maLe che. UMcAM padone, ApaNAM AvAM suMdara gItone ApaNA zikSaNamAM saMskRtimAM Aja sudhI keTaluM ochuM sthAna maLyuM che ? tenA uttaramAM mahAtmA gAMdhI kahe che ke : "e vAta sAcI che, ane e kaMI ochA duHkhanI vAta nathI. have jAgavAno samaya Avyo che. kAraNa jo lokonA anAdara ane audAsInyanA pariNAme A gIto maravA pAme to te bhAre duHkhanI vAta thaI paDaze. A vAta meM vAraMvAra kahI che." (prabuddha jaina, 1-11-41, pR.124) adhyAtma-gIto samajIe te pahelAM AdhyAtmikano spaSTa ane vizeSa artha ApaNI jaina paribhASAnA 'samyagu jJAna' ane 'samyaka cAritra' e rIte grahaNa karIzuM to samajAze ke "vItarAgatamAM pariNAma pAmanAra AtmalakSI jJAna te samyagu jJAna. AjakAla vaparAtA vidyA' zabdano artha koI paNa viSayanuM zAstrIya jJAna che, jemake rasAyaNavidyA vagere. e rIte samyaku cAritra eTale Atmazuddhi ane kriyAkAMDa eTale dekhItAM bAhyalakSI vidhividhAno. 'vidyA' e pote "samyagu jJAna nathI. paNa samyagu jJAna hoya to e vidyA AdhyAtmika kahevAya. e ja rIte bAhya 'kriyAkalApa' ke bAhya "AcAra' e pote samyapha cAritra nathI, paNa jo te "samyaka cAritra'nI bhAvanAmAMthI, phUlamAMthI suvAsanI peThe, prayatna vinA ja janmela hoya to te AdhyAtmika che." (zrI jinavijaya) AnaMdaghanajI sAdhya siddha karavAmAM apramatta prayatnazIla rahetA thakA Atmasiddhi prApta karavAmAM ghaNe aMze saphaLa thayelA sAdhaka ane kavi hatA. sAthe zuddha marmI hatA. jethI temanI vANI udAra che, tevI ja temAM gaMbhIratA che ane tevuM ja tenuM

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adhyAtmI zrI AnaMdaghana ane zrI yazovijaya | 213 sauMdarya tathA tenI rasasamRddhi che. yazovijayajI paNa sAdhaka ane kavi hatA, paNa pramANamAM phera. AnaMdaghanajImAM jeTalI ne jevI udAratA ane gaMbhIratA potAnA zuddha marmIpaNA(mysticism)ne laIne satata vahetI rahI hatI, teTalI ane tevI yazovijayajImAM satata dRzyamAna na thAya to te temanAmAM teTalA pramANamAM marmIpaNuM na hovAne kAraNe samajavuM. aMte zrI AnaMdaghana ane zrI yazovijaya baMnenA eka be kAvya-TukaDAnuM smaraNa karI temanI adhyAtmavRtionAM zuddha saMskaraNa bhAvArtha-TIkA ane mArmika vivecana sahita prakaTa karavA-karAvavAnI jarUra che e para samAjanuM dhyAna kheMcI atyAre atra virAma levo yogya che. adhyAtmI je vastu vicAre.... vastugate je vastu prakAze, AnaMdaghana-mata-vAsI re. (AnaMdaghananuM 11mA jinanuM sta) AtamajJAnI zramaNa kahAve.. vastugate je vastu prakAze. AnaMdaghana-pada-saMgI re (AnaMdaghananuM 12mA jinanuM sta.) Atama-anubhava-rasabharI, yAmeM ora na mAne, AnaMdaghana avicala kalA viralA koI pAve. (AnaMdaghananuM bIjuM pada) cetana ! jJAnakI dRSTi nihAlo. jJAnadRSTimAM doSa na ete, karo jJAna-ajuAlo cidAnaMdaghana sujasavacanarasa, sajjana hRdaya pakhAlo. cetana. (yazovijayanuM eka pada) pAdaTIpa 1. amadAvAda AvyAnuM A varSa carcAspada che. juo 'upAdhyAya yazovijaya svAdhyAya graMthamAM upAdhyAya yazovijayanuM jIvanavRtta e lekha. - saMpA. 2. juo "ghanAnandakA eka adhyayana' e nAmano lekha, pra7 nAgarI pracAriNI patrikA, varSa 46, aMka 2. zrAvaNa 1998 pR.143 temAM ghanAnaMda, AnaMdaghana, AnaMda e traNe nAmanA keTalAka kaviono ane ApaNA AnaMdaghanano ullekha karI te viSaye ghaNI mAhitI ApavAmAM AvI che. 3. iMdora hiMdI sAhitya saMmelananI saMmelana-patrikAmAM prathama chapAyo hato ane pachI hiMdI, mAsika "vINA' sane 1938nA naveMbaranA aMkamAM prakAzita thayo hato. vaLI aMgrejI vizvabhAratI' traimAsika patrikAmAM paNa temaNe AnaMdaghana saMbaMdhI lakhyuM hatuM. lekhakane A lekho vAMcavA maLI zakyA nathI. 4. viSayarasamAM gRhI mAciyA nAciyA kuguru mada bharapUra re, dhUmadhAme dhamAdhama calI, jJAnamAraga rahyo dUra re.. kAmakuMbhAdika adhikanuM, dharmanuM ko navi mUla re. dokaDe kuguru te dAkhave, zuM thayuM e jagasUla re.

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214 | madhyakAlIna gujarAtI jaina sAhitya arthanI dezanA je dIe, olave dharmanA graMtha re, paramapadano pragaTa cora te, tehathI kima vahe paMthe re ? - sImaMdhara sta., 1lI DhALa. jimajima bahu mRta bahujana saMmata, bahula ziSyano zeTho, timatima jinazAsanano vairI, jo navi anubhava neTho re. - zrIpAlarAsa, 4thA khaMDa aMta.

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upAdhyAya yazovijayajInI sAhityakaLA - keTalAka muddA jayaMta koThArI upAdhyAya yazovijayajI madhyakAlIna ahityAkAzanA eka atyaMta tejasvI tAraka che. jJAnaprauDhimAM to e ajoDa che. navya nyAyanA A AcArya SaDradarzanavettA hatA ane kAvyazAstra. vyAkaraNa Adi aneka vidyAomAM emanI anavaruddha gati hatI. A viSayomAM emaNe saMskRta-prAkRtamAM aneka graMthonI racanA karI che. emanuM gujarAtI (ane thoDuMka hiMdI) sAhityasarjana paNa sArA pramANamAM che, emAM rAsa, saMvAda, stavanasajhAyAdi prakAro AvarI levAyA che ane sAMpradAyika tattvaparAmarzanI sAthe sAhityakaLAnI uccatA jovA maLe che. emaNe pote noMdhyuM che ke gaMgAkAMThe che e bIjAkSaranA jApathI sarasvatI emanA para tuSTamAna thayAM hatAM ane emaNe emane tarka ane kAvyanuM varadAna ApyuM hatuM. emanuM sAhitya jANe A hakIkatanI sAkha pUre che. emAM tarka eTale vicArazakti -- bauddhikatva ane kAvya eTale sAhityakaLA - rasasaundaryano meLa jovA maLe che. "jabUsvAmI rAsamAM emaNe kahyuM che - takaviSama paNa kavinuM vayaNa sAhitye sukumAra, arigajagajana paNa dayita nArI mRdu upacAra. | (kavinuM vacana takane kAraNe viSama, paNa sAhityaguNe karIne sukumAra hoya che, jema zatrarUpI hAthIone parAbhava pamADanAra priyatama nArI pratye mRdu vyavahAravALo hoya che.) te rIte yazovijayajInuM sAhityasarjana paNa takaviSama paNa kAvyarasamadhura che. ahIM gujarAtI-hiMdI kRtione saMdarbhe emanI sAhityakaLAnI keTalIka lAkSaNikatAonI saMkSipta noMdha levAno upakrama che. vicAravaidadhya tarkapATava, vicArabaLa, vidagdhatA ke cAturya yazovijayajInA sAhityanuM eka viziSTa lakSaNa che, kadAca bIje bhAgye ja jovA maLe evuM. "samudravahANa saMvAdamAM sAmasAmI dalIlonI kevI paTAbAjI che ! samudra moTAIno mahimA kare che to sAme vahANa moTA karatAM nAnA padArtho kevA upayogI thAya che te batAve che. samudra potAnuM kulagaurava AgaLa kare che to vahANa kulajanma karatAM sArAnarasAM kAryo ja vadhu mahattvanAM che ane pratipAdita kare che. A ja rIte guNa garvanI sAme guNanamratA,

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216 ] madhyakAlIna gujarAtI jaina sAhitya dhanasaMpatti hovAnI sAme e kAmamAM Ave temAM sArthakatA vagere muddAo eka pachI eka mukAye jAya che. A dalIlabAjImAM aneka paurANika-laukika saMdarbho khapamAM levAyA che. dAkhalA tarIke, caMdra sAgaramAMthI janmyo che e paurANika kathAno lAbha laI sAgarane potAnA putrano mahimA gAto batAvyo che to sAme vahANane caMdra to sAgaranA pApathI nAsIne aMbaravAsI banyo che evo rokaDo javAba parakhAvato darzAvyuM che. nAnApaNAno mahimA gAtAM moTo eraMDo ne nAnI citrAvelI, moTuM AkAza ane nAno caMdra vagerenAM dRSTAMto ApyAM che. 'samudravahANa saMvAda'mAM AvA saMdarbho jANe dhodhanI peThe ThalavAtA dekhAya che ane yazovijayanuM ApaNane prabhAvita kare evuM purANaparaMparA ne lokavyavyahAranuM jJAna pragaTa thAya che. 'zrIpAla rAsa'mAM pati mRgayAne kSatriyadharma gaNAve che tyAre patnI enI sAme je rajUAta kare che te yazovijayajInI vicArapaTutAnuM eka suMdara udAharaNa che. patnI kahe che ke H 1. momAM taraNuM rAkhanAra zatrune paNa jIvato mUkavo e kSatriyAcAra che, to A to taraNAMno ja AhAra karavAvALA pazuo che. 2. nAse enI sAthe kSatriya laDAI na kare, azastra sAthe paNa na kare tevo kSatriyAcAra che, to A sasalAM to azastra che ane nAse paNa che. kSatriyadharmanI sAme kSatriyadharmane ja mUkIne mRgayAmAMthI vAravAno kevo yuktipUrNa upAya ahIM ajamAvavAmAM Avyo che ! yazovijayajInI alaMkA22canAomAM paNa emanAM vidagdhatA ane buddhicAturyanuM pravartana jovA maLe che, jemake "jaMbUsvAmI rAsa'mAM - adhara sudhA, mukha caMdramA, vANI sAkara, bAhu mRNAlI re, te peThI muja cittamAM, teNe kAyA kaho kima bAlI re. AmAM virodhAbhAsanI racanAmAM buddhicAturya raheluM che. brahmA A sRSTinuM sarjana ka2nA2 che ane suMdara strInuM sarjana karIne brahmAe hAtha dhoI nAkhyA ema kavio varNana karatA hoya che. paNa bIjI bAjuthI brahmAne 'zrutijaDa' paNa kahevAmAM AvyA che. eno lAbha laI yazovijaya eka judo ja tarka laDAve che. 'zrIpALa rAsa'mAM tilakasuMdarInuM varNana karatAM te kahe che ke te to sRSTi che catura madana taNI, aMge jItyA savi upamAna re, zrutijaDa je brahmA tehanI racanA che sakaLa samAna re. zrutijaDa brahmAnI racanA to saghaLI sarakhI ja che. tyAre tilakasuMdarI to ananya che. enuM sarjana brahmAthI kevI rIte thAya ? e to catura madananuM ja sarjana. zrIpAlanA dAnezvarIpaNAnI vAta karatAM yazovijaya karNa karatAM enuM caDiyAtApaNuM kevI vakratAthI vyaMjanAtmakatAthI sUcave che ! 'karNa vagere lokonA manarUpI guptagRhamAM hatA temane choDAvyA'. matalaba ke karNa vagere have lokonA manamAM na rahyA, zrIpALanA dAnezvarIpaNAe emane bhulAvI dIdhA. ww tattvavicAraka yazovijayano praveza alaMkA22canAmAM e rIte paNa thAya che ke

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upAdhyAya yazovijayajInI sAhityakaLA - keTalAka muddA D 217 e tattvavicAra ne dharmavicAranA kSetramAMthI upamAno lAve che. amUrtane mATe mUrta padArthonAM upamAno yojavAM e vyApaka rUDhi che. yazovijayamAM mUrta padArtho mATe amUrta vicArapradezanAM upamAno yojAya che. jemake zrIpALa ane enI ATha patnIo vize teo kahe che ke - aDa diThThi sahita paNa viratine jima vache samakitavaMta re, aDa pravacanamAtA sahita muni samatAne jima guNavaMta re, aDa buddhi sahita paNa siddhine aDa siddhi sahita paNa mukti re, priyA ATha sahita paNa prathamane nita dhyAve te INa yukti re. dharmavicAranI kRtiomAM yazovijayajI pracurapaNe dRSTAMto tathA dRSTAMtakathAo gUMthe che. pratikramaNa hetu garbhita svAdhyAyamAM niMdAparyAya mATe ApelI kathAomAM mAnavavartananA koyaDA rajU karatI buddhicAturyayukta keTalIbadhI kathAo ApavAmAM AvI che ! buddhicAturya taraphanuM yazovijayanuM savizeSa AkarSaNa emAM varatAI Ave che. sAMpradAyika zAstravicAranI kRtiomAM jyAM dRSTAMta ne dRSTAMtakathAono ochovatto upayoga thayo che tyAM kAvyatvano eTale aMze anupraveza thayo che, paraMtu moTA bhAganI kRtiomAM evuM banI zakyuM nathI. e yazovijayanI tIkSNa zAstrasamaja ne vAdapaTu buddhipratibhAno paricaya avazya karAve che. bIjI bAju emanAM pado vizALa adhyAtmavicAra rajU kare che ne emAM emano hRdayabhAva, emanI vAkachaTA, emaNe lIdhelo rUpakAtmakatAno Azraya vagerene kAraNe sarvasparzI kAvyarUpatA siddhi thaI che. alaMkAraracanA kAvyasauMdaryano eka mahattvano srota ApaNe tyAM paraMparAgata rIte alaMkAro gaNAvAyelA che. alaMkAra vinA kAvya nahIM ema manAyuM che. kavinI kasoTI paNa alaMkAraracanA ane emAM vyakta thatI enI kalpanAzIlatA. yazovijaya alaMkAraracanAnuM ghaNuM kauzala batAve che, uakSA, upamA, rUpaka, vyatireka vagere vividha alaMkAro yoje che, eTaluM ja nahIM emanI alaMkAraracanAo AgavI mudrA laIne Ave che - emaNe upamAno binaparaMparAgata kSetromAMthI zodhyAM che, vicAranA kSetrane paNa emaNe emAM upayogamAM lIdhuM che, alaMkAronI saMkula racanAo karI che, alaMkArAvalio yojI che, vaktA ane vyaMjanAtmakatAthI emAM nigUDhatA ANI che ne apUrva kalpanAzIlatA dAkhavI che. thoDAMka evAM udAharaNo joIe. zrIpALanA dAnezvarIpaNAno mahimA karatAM kavi kahe che ke surataru svargathI Utaya, tapasyA karI ane enI karaaMgulI banI rahyAM. rUpaka-alaMkAranI A eka parokSa racanA che. e keTalIbadhI arthasabhara che ! zrIpALanI karacaMgulIne surataru

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218 | madhyakAlIna gujarAtI jaina sAhitya tarIke kalpavAmAM e icchita vastu Ape che, mAgyA vinA ja Ape che ane sadya Ape che ema sUcavAya che. uparAMta, karacaMgulI suratarurUpa che evI sIdhI rUparacanA karI nathI, suratarune svargathI UtaratAM ne tapasyA karatAM varNavyAM che, tapasyAne pariNAme e karaaMgulI banyAM ema kahyuM che. AmAM suratano udyama ane kara-aMgulI banavAmAM enI sArthakatA vyakta thAya che. kharekhara to A rIte surataru hovAmAM karatAM karaaMgulI banavAmAM vadhAre mahimA che ema samajAya che. to A vyatireka alaMkAra kahevAya ? 'zrIpALa rAsa'mAM caityonI bhavyatA varNavatAM nUtana kalpanA karI che ke "vidhumaMDala amRta AsvAda re, dhvaja-jIhe lIye avivAda re." caityo dhvajarUpI jIbhathI caMdranA amRtano jANe AsvAda kare che. caityonI bhavyatA-divyatAamRtamayatA ane dhajAonI UMcAI AmAM dhvanita thAya che. A alaMkAraracanAmAM rUpaka-uakSAnI saMsRSTi che. jabUsvAmI rAsamAM jaMbUsvAmI hoya che tenuM varNana karatAM eka sarasa uakSA gUMthI che - nIcoInuM pANI re, nAhyA jaMbU zira jANI re, loca TUkaDo mAnuM e keza AMsu jhare re. kezamAMthI nItaratA pANIthI evuM lAge che ke jANe loca najIka jANIne keza AMsu sArI rahyA che. A kalpanA bhAvi kathAghaTanAno saMketa karI jANe kathAne AgaLa laI jAya che. dikSAsajja jaMbUkumAranuM A varNana juo : citta mAhIM aNamAnuM zukla dhyAnanuM pUra, bAhira AvI lAgyuM, ujjavala mAnuM kapUra. jaMbUsvAmInA zarIra para kapUrano lepa che te jANe zukla dhyAnanuM pUra emanA cittamAM na samAtAM bahAra AvyuM hoya evuM lAge che. ahIM bhautika dravyane mATe mAnasika vRttinuM upamAna vaparAyuM che e eka vizeSatA ane jaMbUkumAranI dehasakkA uparAMta emanI cittAvasthAnuM, emanI AdhyAtmika sthitinuM sAthelAnuM varNana thayuM che e bIjI vizeSatA. ane A unmekSAonI hAramALA - zrIpAla-pratApathI tApIyo re lAla, vidhi zayana kare araviMda re. kare jaladhivAsa mukuMda re, hara gaMga dhare nispada re, phare nAThA sUraja caMda re.. brahmA kamalamAM vAsa kare che te jANe zrIpAlanA pratApathI tapta thaIne zItaLatA meLavavA - A badhI uokSAomAM kavie paurANika ne bhaugolika hakIkatone kAmamAM lIdhI che ane e rIte zrIpAlano pratApAtizaya darzAvyo che.

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upAdhyAya yazovijayajInI sAhityakaLA - keTalAka muddA 7 219 to A rUpakonI hAramALA tame aMbara, ame dizA, tame taruara, ame veli, sUkAM paNa mUkAM nahi re, lAgI rahuM raMgareli. ***** tame yogI, ame vibhUti, tame adhikArI, ame kalama, *** tame puNya, ame vAsanA, tame bhAgya, ame lalATarekhA. *** tame saMyama, ame dhAraNA, tame rUpI, ame rUpa. taruara-velinuM rUpaka te ekamAtra paraMparAgata rUpaka, bAkI badhAM navAMnakora. adhikArI-kalama jevAM vyavahArajIvanamAMthI lIdhelAM rUpaka, to aMbara-dizA jevAM virATa prakRtitattvanAM rUpako. yogI-vibhUti e adhyAtmajIvanacaryAnAM rUpako ne bAkInAM ghaNAM to amUrta guNo ne vRttionAM rUpako. virATathI mAMDIne sUkSma tattvone AMbI vaLatI yazovijayanI kalpanAlIlAno A kevo vismayakArI prabhAvaka AviSkAra che ! ane emAMthI jaMbUsvAmInI patnIono jaMbUsvAmI sAthe aMza rUpe ekatvano bhAva kevo prabaLapaNe vyakta thAya che ! yazovijaya paraMparAgata upamAnono upayoga nathI karatA evuM kaMI nathI. paNa enI noMdha levAnuM ahIM prayojana nathI. chatAM eka upamAvali to utArIe ja. A che AkhuM 'pArzvanAthajina svatana' : vAmAnaMdana jinavara, munivaramAM vaDo re, ke mu jima su2 mAMhI su25ti paravaDo re, ke su0 jima giri mAMhI surAcala, mRga mAMhI kesarI re, ke mR jima caMdana taru mAMhI, subhaTa mAMhI murari re, ke su0 1 nadIyAM mAMhI jima gaMga, anaMga surUpamAM re, ke ava phUla mAMhI aviMda, bharatapati bhUpamAM re, ke bha airAvaNa gaja mAMhI, garUDa khagamAM yathA re, ke ga0 tejavaMta mAMhI bhANa, vakhANa mAMhI jinakathA re, ke va0 2 maMtra mAMhI navakA2, ratana mAMhI suramaNi re, ke 20 sAgara mAMhI svayaMbhUramaNa ziromaNi re, ke 20 zukla dhyAna jima dhyAnamAM, ati niramaLapaNe re, ke a zrI navijaya vibudha paya sevaka ima bhaNe re, se0 3 paraMparAgata chatAM dhodhanI peThe AvatAM upamAno ApaNane kheMcI to jAya che ja. ne paraMparAgata upamAnonI vacce jaina saMpradAyamAMthI ANelAM 'vakhANa (vyAkhyAna)mAM jinakathA' 'maMtramAM navakAra''sAgaramAM svayaMbhUramaNa (nAmano

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220 D madhyakAlIna gujarAtI jaina sAhitya sAgara) dhyAnamAM zukla dhyAna' vagere utkRSTatAdarzaka navIna upamAno ApaNA lakSa bahAra na ja rahevAM joIe ne ? yazovijayajIno alaMkAra-rasa ghaNo utkaTa che. vicArAtmaka bodhAtmaka viSayavastu hoya tyAM dRSTAMtono Azraya levAnuM sahaja hoya ja. uparAMta A kavi ulTekSAo khUba laDAve che ane rUpakomAM rAce che. sumatine sakhI rUpe kahyuM che ne paMcamahAvrata-jahAja tathA bhava-sAgara jevI vistRta rUpakagranthio race che. emanAM varNano, bhAvacitraNo vageremAM paNa alaMkAro dAkhala thayA vinA rahetA nathI. ghaNI vAra to e kevaLa AlaMkArika ja banI rahe che. vastucitra pratyakSatA, mUrtatA e mahattvano kavidharma che. kavinuM kAma mAtra kahevAnuM nathI, vastuno sAkSAtkAra karAvavAnuM che, vastunuM citra ApavAno che. vastunA lAkSaNika aMzonA varNana dvArA A thaI zake. yazovijayajI A kavidharma yogya rIte bajAve che. kAvyanA kharA zrotA - bhAvakanI bhAvadazAne yazovijaya enI ceSTAo - enA anubhAvo dvArA mUrta kare che te juo : zIza dhuNAve camakiyo, romAMcita kare deha, vikasita nayana, vadana mudA, rasa diye zrotA teha. diyara neminAtha sAthe bhAbhIo hoLI khele che tenuM citra to raMgIluM ane madIluM che ? tAla kaMsAla mRdaMga saM. raMga ho horI. madhura bajAvata caMga, lAla raMga horI, gayaba gulAla nayana bhare, 20 bahena bajAve anaMga. lAla raM0 picakArI chAMTe pIyA. 20 bharIbharI kesaranIra. lAla 20 mAnuM madanakIratIchaTa, 20 alave uDAve abIra. lAla 20 yovanamada madirA chakI, raM0 gAvata prema-dhamAlI. lAla 20 rAgata mAcatA nAcatI, 20 kautuka zuM kare AlI. lAla ra0 sohe mukha taMbola suM, raM0 mAnuM saMdhyAyuta caMda. lAla re0 pUrita kesara phulela suM, 20 jharata meha jiuM buMda. lAla raM0 thaNa bhUjamUla dekhAvatI, ra0 bAMha lagAvata kaMTha lAla ra0 hoLInA raMga-nAda-utsavanI rekhAo kavie AbAda jhaDapI che ane strIonI zRMgAraceSTAo varNavavAmAM paNa emaNe saMkoca anubhavyo nathI. emAM jhINuM darzana paNa karyuM che - strIo stana ane bAhumUla (bagala) dekhADe che. samagra varNanamAM eka vAkachaTA to che ja, te uparAMta, alaMkAroktithI varNananA aMzone prabhAvapUrNa uThAva Apyo che - nayanamAM gayaba (geba, rahasya. gUDha bhAva)no gulAla bhare che, anaMga vINA bajAve che vagere. taMbolabharyA mukha mATe saMdhyAyukta caMdra tarIke

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upAdhyAya yazovijayajInI sAhityakaLA - keTalAka muddA D 221 uakSA karI che tenA para to vArI javAya evuM che. sAgaranA kopanuM, emAM jAgelA tophAnanuM raudra-bhayAnakarasane mUrtimaMta karatuM citraNa gADhI vigatothI thayeluM che tathA citrane gherA raMga arpatA alaMkArono paNa upayoga thayo che. vahANanA pravAsIonI bhayabhIta manodazAne vyakta karatA emanA pratibhAvo e citraNane eka bIjuM parimANa Ape che. thoDIka kaDIo namUnA rUpe joIe ? ehave vayaNe re have kopeI caDyo, sAyara pAmyo re kSobha, pavanajhakole re jalabhara UchalI, lAge aMbara mobha. 1 bhamarI detA re pavana phirIphirI re, vAle aMga taraMga, aMbaravedI re bhedI AvatA, bhAje te girizaMga. 2 jalanaI jorAM re aMbara UchalaI, maccha puccha karI vaMka, vAhaNalokanaI re jo dekho huI, dhUmaketu zata zaMka. 3 roSaaganino re dhUma jaladhi taNo, pasa ghora aMdhAra, bhayabhara trAsa re mazaka pari tadA, vAhaNanA loka hajAra. 5 chUTe ADA re baMdhana thaMbhanAM, phUTai bahu dhvajadaMDa, sUka vAhaNa paNi chotA pari hui, kuArthaMbha zatakhaMDa. 8 | (samudravahANa saMvAda, DhALa 13) ane have juo tophAna zamI gayA pachInI vahANanI nirviba. zAMta gatinuM varNana. pArzvanAthanI kRpAthI vikha TaLyuM che tethI dharmabhAvathI raMgAyelI ne prasannatAsUcaka uakSAothI kavie ene kevaLa vastucitra na rahevA detAM bhAvacitra banAvI diIdhuM che: kuAbha phiri saja kIo ho, mAnuM nAcako vaMsa, nAce phiratI nartakI ho. zveta aMsura dharI esa. 4 sohe maMDita cihuM dIse ho, paTamaMDapa cosAla, mAnuM jayalacchI taNo ho hota vivAha vizAla. 5 beTho sohe pAMjarI ho, kuAthaMbha-agrabhAga, mAnuM ke popaTa khelato ho. aMbara-tarUara lAgi. 6 navanidhAna lacchI lahI ho, nava graha huA prasanna, nava saDha tANyA te bhaNI ho, mohe tihAM janamatra. 7 meghADaMbara chatra virAje. paTamaMDapa ati caMga, bIje bihuM pakha sohatA ho, cAmara jaladhitaraMga. 9 eka veli sAyara taNI ho, dUjI janaraMga-relI, trIjI pavananI preraNA ho, vAhaNa cale nija geli. 10 (samudravahANa saMvAda, DhALa 16)

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222 | madhyakAlIna gujarAtI jaina sAhitya samudravahANa saMvAdamAM 10mI DhALamAM kaDakhAnI dezImAM jhaDajhamakabharI vAkachaTAmAM prasaMganI bhISaNatAne tathA rukatAne pragaTa karatA alaMkArothI naukAyuddhanuM jussAdAra varNana thayuM che temAM zastrAstronI ramajhaTa sAthe yoddhAonA raNotsAhane paNa kavie vaNI lIdho hovAthI e varNanane sabharatA sAMpaDI che. thoDIka kaDIo juo : kAla-vikarAla karavAla ulALatA, phUMke mUke prabala lAla sirakhI.. jUTha ati duTha jana sukha saramohatA, yamamahiSa sAMbhare jeha nirakhI. 2 hAthi hathiyAra zira Topa AropiyA, aMgi satrAha bhuja vIra valayAM, jhalakate nUra dalapura bihuM taba malyAM, vIrarasa jaladhi UdhAMNa valiyAM. 4 bhaMDa brahmaDa zatakhaMDa je karI sake, Uchale tehavA nAli-golA, varasatA agana raNamagana rose bhaya, mAnuM e yama taNA nayana-DolA. 9 varNanomAMye yazovijayajInuM pAMDitya achatuM rahetuM nathI - vIgato emanI jANakArI batAve che, alaMkAro emanuM vizvajJAna ne emanI kalpanAzIlatA batAve che. zabdarAzi ne abhivyakti emanI vAgvidagdhatA. 'zrIpAla rAsa'nA yuddhavarNananA nIcenA aMzamAM emanAM pAMDitya ne vAgvidagdhatA kevAM pragaTa thayAM che ! - nIra jima tIra varase sadA yodhaghana, saMcare baga parve dhavala nejA. gAja dalAja Rtu Ai pAusa taNI, vIja jima kuMta camake satejA. koI cheDe zaraeN ari taNAM zira subhaTa, AvatAM koI aribANa jhIle. kei asichitra karikuMbha-muktAphaleM brahmarathavihagamukha prAsa vAle. yuddhane varSARtunuM rUpaka ApyuM che te to samajAya evuM che - yoddhArUpI vAdaLa. tIrarUpI nIra, bagalA jevI dhajAo, vIjaLInI jema camakatA bhAlAo vagere. paNa chelle mukAyelI kalpanAmAM abhivyaktino kevo maroDa che ne kevI saghanatAthI rajU thayo che ! keTalAka vIro potAnI talavArathI hAthIonAM kuMbhasthaLane vidAre che ane enAM motIono cAro "brahmarathavihagamukha'ne dhare che. brahmAnA vAhanarUpa paMkhI eTale hiMsane mukhe. brahmA haMsavAhana che e paurANika mAnyatA ane haMsa motIno cAro caranArA che e kavisamaya ApaNI smRtimAM na Ave to yazovijayanI kalpanA ApaNI pahoMca bahAra ja rahe. kavie pAMDitya laDAvyuM che ne? vastunuM sIdhuM, indriyapratyakSa varNana karavAne badale vastunA prabhAvanuM, enA mahimAnuM varNana karavuM e kavimAnya rIti che. ethI vastuno varNanAtIta guNAtizaya ApaNA hRdayane nibiDapaNe pratIta thAya che. yazovijayajIne AvuM mahimAgAna karavAnuM ghaNuM game che. jemake, "zrIpALa rAsamAM kailokyasuMdarInA saundaryanuM varNana karatAM teo kahe che - romAjha nirakhe tehane, brahmAdvaya anubhava hoya re.. smara-advaya pUraNa darzane, tehane tolyA nahIM koya 2.

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upAdhyAya yazovijayajInI sAhityakaLA - keTalAka muddA | 223 _.... ha ve te enA romAjhane nirakhavAthI brahma sAthenA advaita jevo anubhava thAya che, to enuM pUruM darzana thatAM to smara (kAmabhAva) sAthenA advaitano anubhava. saundaryAnubhavanI A be koTio kevI vilakSaNa che ne brahma-advaitanI upara smara-advaitane mUkavAmAM zRMgArabhAvano kevo addabhuta mahimA rahelo che ! sAdhu-kavi yazovijayajIno A udgAra che tethI e vadhu noMdhapAtra bane che. bhAvacitro : prItibhAva prabhAvaka vastucitro ja nahIM, marmasparza bhAvacitro paNa yazovijayajInI kalamethI ApaNane sAMpaDe che. "jabUsvAmI rAsamAM bhavadatta muni potAnA bhAI bhavadeva samakSa potAnI bAlyAvasthAne saMbhAre che temAM vatanaprema ane atItAnurAga kevAM sAthelAmAM vyakta thayAM che ! kevAM hRdayaMgama rIte vyakta thayAM che ne vatananuM eka madhuruM citra emAMthI Upase che te to laTakAnuM - gAmasIma e rUkhaDAM, mohanagArAM huMta, vAnara pare caDhatA jihAM, ApaNa beu ramata. teha sarovara, teha jala, teha tIra manohAra, kaMThe AropyA jihAM, tAla nalInanA hAra. sohe e ja vAlukA, urvIyala jesI kapUra, bALalIlAe ApaNe. kaya jihAM ghara bhUri. paMDita kavi yazovijayajI kevA haLavA ane lokahRdayagamya banI zake che tenuM A eka sarasa udAharaNa che. jabUsvAmI pratye enI patnIo 'tame aMbara ame dizA' ema karIne je udgAro kare che te ApaNe AgaLa noMdhI gayA. e paNa vastutaH utkaTa premabhAvanuM citra che - bhaktiraMjita premabhAvanuM, kemake emAM priyatamanA aMzarUpa banI rahevAnI. abhilASA vyakta thaI che. e udgAro paNa upAdhyAyajInI saraLa sarvasparzI abhivyaktinuM udAharaNa che. yazovijayajImAM laukika pratibhAvanAM citro khAsa na maLe e samajAya evuM che. paNa jema-rAjulane nimitte emaNe virahaprIti ne enA saMcAribhAvo tIkSNatAthI ane prabaLatAthI AlekhyAM che. rAjulanA udgAro rUpe A bhAvacitro ApaNane prApta thAya che. enI vyAkuLatA juo - manakI laganI bhara aganI sI lAge, alI ! kala na parata kachu kahA kahuM batIyAM. enI tIvra tarasa juo. UchaLatA umaMgo juo - guna gaho, jaza baho, dhari raho, sukha laho, duHkha gamo, mujha samo raMga ramo ratiyAM. duHkha para dukha khaDakAI rahyAnI, duHkha ghUMTAI rahyAnI enI lAgaNI juo -

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224 D madhyakAlIna gujarAtI jaina sAhitya eka yauvana, bIjuM madana saMtApa re, trIjuM viraha kalejuM kApI re, cothuM te piupila pika pokAra re, duHkhiyAnuM duHkha koI na vArai re. AzA nirAzAmAM palaTAvAnI vedanA to kevI bhAre hoya ? pUrva dizA rAtI dekhAya che, paNa pachI sUrya Ugata to dekhAto ja nathI ! pUrva dizA rAtI lAgI te to, hAya, rotI (ne tethI rAtI) AMkhane lIdhe ! - nIMda na AvaI jhakhakI jAvuM re. pUrava disi jaI jovA lAguM re, rotAM dIse rAtaDI nayaNe re, kimahI na dIse paNi te gaNi re. e narI niHsahAyatA anubhave che. - piu avalai kuNa savalo thAI re ? sarva upAyo paNa, arere, nirarthaka jaI rahyA che - nehagahelI durabala thAuM re, mAnuM nimatima pila-mani mAuM re, paNa navi jANyuM e na upAyo re, prati parANi kimaI na thAyo re. virahiNI nArIne mATe jagatanA padArtho kevA viSama-viparIta thaI jAya che ne enuM mana kevIkevI kalpanAo kare che ! manamAM bhArobhAra kaTutA vyApI vaLI che - kokila bola TATuMmIThuM re, mujha mani to te lAgai aMgIThuM re, viraha jagAvI virahiNI bAlI re, te pApa te thaI chai kAlI re. potAno tyAga karanAra priyatamane enuM digdha strIhRdaya mArmika kaTAkSaprahAro kare che - caMdra kalaMkI jehathI re hAM, rAma ne sItA viyoga. teha kuraMgane vayaNaDe re hAM, patI Ave kuNa loka ? utArI huM cittathI re hAM, mugati dhutArI heta, siddha anaMte bhogavI re hAM, teha su kavaNa saMketa ? prIti karatAM sAhelI re hAM, niravahatAM jaMjAla, jehavo vyAla khelavavo re hAM, jehavI agananI jhALa. dhRSTa banI e priyatamane AmaMtraNa Ape che - Ao ne maMdira vilaso bhoga, bUDhApana meM lIje yoga. chevaTe to rAjulano akhaMDa ekaniSTha pratibhAva laukitva choDI alaukikatva prApta kare che. ane e prArthe che - jo vivAha-avasara dio re hAM, hAtha upara nahi hAtha, dIkSA avasara dIjIye re hAM, zira upara jaganAtha. ne adhyAtmasahacArano divya rasAsaMda e prApta kare che - te dInuM kevalajJAna, kIdhI pyArI Apa samAna mugatimahelameM khele doI... rAjulanA bhAvavivata ane a-sAmAnya bhAvapalaTAne tAdRzatAthI ne

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upAdhyAya yazovijayajInI sAhityakaLA - keTalAka muddA D 225 camatkRtibharI rIte AlekhI ApavAmAM yazovijayajInuM manorama kavikauzala raheluM premabhaktibhAva yazovijayajImAM ApaNane vadhAre maLe che te to jinezvara deva pratyenA emanA potAnA hRdayanA premabhaktinA bhAvonuM Alekhana. hA, mAtra bhaktinA nahIM. premabhaktinA bhAvo. emanI stavanaracanAomAM bahudhA jinaprabhune sIdhuM saMbodhana che ane emAM prabhudarzanano umaLako, guNAnurAga, ane ananya niSThA ja nahIM, paNa avibhaMga prakaTa prItino bhAva, priyamilananA vilaMbanI asahyatA, ekAMta goSThinI jhaMkhanA, Arjava anunaya, asamAna vaccenI prItinI viSamatAnavilakSaNatA, potAnuM premasAhasa vagere bhAvo paNa samAveza pAmyA che. juo: * huo chipe nahi adhara aruNa jima, khAtAM pAna suraMga. pIvata bharabhara prabhuguNapyAlA, tima muja prema abhaMga. DhAMkI IkSa parALa zuM jI, na rahe lahi vistAra, vAcaka jaza kahe prabhu taNo jI, tima muja premaprakAra. Avo Avo re catura sukhabhogI, kIje vAta ekAMta abhogI, guNagoThe pragaTe prema. ochuM adhika paNa kahe re, AsaMgAyata jeha, Ape phaLa je aNakahyAM re, girUo sAhiba teha. dIna kahyA viNa dAnathI re, dAtAnI vadhe mAma, jaLa dIrve cAtaka khIjavI re. megha huo teNe zyAma. moDuMvaheluM ApavuM re. to zI DhIla karAya, vAcaka jaza kahe jagadhaNI re, tuma tUThe sukha thAya. laghu paNa huM tuma mani navi mAuM re, jagaguru, tumane dilamAM lAvuM re, kuNane dIje e zAbAzI re, kaho zrI suvidhi jida vimAsI re. muja mana-aNu mAMhi bhakti che jhAjhI re... * tume bahu maitrI re sAhibA, mAhare to mana eka, tuma viNa bIjo re nahi game, e muja moTI re Teka. * aMtarayAmI savi laho, ama mananI je che vAta ho, mA AgaLa mosALanAM, zyAvaraNavavA avadAta ho. jANo to tANo kichyuM, sevAphaLa dIje deva ho, vAcaka jaza kahe DhIlanI, e na game muja mana Teva ho. * ame paNa tuma zuM kAmaNa karazuM. * meM rAgI prabhu meM cho nirAgI, aNajugate hoe hAMsI, eka pakhe je neha niravahavo, temAM kIsI zAbAzI.

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226 ] madhyakAlIna gujarAtI jaina sAhitya nirAgI seve kAMi hove, ima manameM niva ANuM, phkta acetana paNa jima suramaNi, tima tuma bhakti pramANuM. prema baMdhANo te to jANo, niravahazyo to hoze pramANo, vAcaka jaza vinave jinarAja, bAMhya grahyAnI tujane lAja. aNadIThe alajo ghaNo, dIThe tRpati na hoi re. sAsa pahilAM sAMbhare re, mukha dIThe sukha hoya, visAryA navi visare re, teha zyuM haTha kima hoya re. *mukha dekhI TIluM kare re, te navi hove pramANa, mujaro mAne siva taNo re, sAhiba teha sujANa. masi viNa je likhyA tuja guNe, akSara premanA citta re, dhoie timatima ughaDe, bhagatile teha nitya re. * nIrakhInai, nIrakhInai, maI loaNa amia pakhAliAM. * muktithI adhika tuja bhakti muja mana vasI. AtmaratibhAva yazovijayanI keTalIka racanAomAM eka judI ja bhAvadazAnuM AviSkaraNa che. e che adhyAtmayogInI masta manodazA, AtmaramaNAno AnaMda. samatA samyaktva ane subuddhi anubhavajJAna enAM mukhya lakSaNo che. nirpranthapaNuM, premamayatA, dhIratA, nibhatA, mohamAyAnirAsa, parama tRpti A badhAMthI bharIbharI e cittasthiti che. A cittasthitinuM sIdhuM ne vIgate varNana to 'zrIpALa rAsa'nI chellI DhALamAM thayeluM che tUTho tUTho re mujha sAhiba jagano tUTho, e zrIpALano rAsa karaMtA, jJAnaamRtarasa vUTho re. 1 udakapayoamRtakalpa jJAna tihAM, trIjo amRta mITho, te viNa sakaLa sRSA kima bhAMje, anubhava premagarITho re. 3 Ugyo sakita-ravi jhaLahaLato, bharamatimira vi nATho, tagatagatA durnaya je tArA, tehano baLa paNa ghATho re. 11 merudhIratA vi hara lInI, rahyo te kevaLa bhATho, harI suraghaTa suratarukI zobhA, te to mATI-kATho re. 12 haravyo anubhava jora hato je, mohamalla jagalUMTho, pariri tehanA marma dekhAvI, bhAre kIdho bhUMTho re. 13 thoDe paNa daMbhe dukha pAmyA, pITha ane mahApITho, anubhavavaMta te daMbha na rAkhe, daMbha dhare te dhITho re. 15 'AnaMdaghana : aSTapadI'mAM AnaMdaghananA ane emanA sparze yazovijayamAM pragaTelA AtmaratinA bhAvano prabaLa udgAra che H -

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upAdhyAya yazovijayajInI sAhityakaLA - keTalAka muddA | 227 * mAraga calatacalata gAta AnaMdaghana pyAre, rahata AnaMda bharapUra, tAko sarUpa bhUpa, trihuM lokaze nyAro, varasata mukha para nUra. * sumati sakhi ora navala AnaMdaghana mila rahe gaMgataraMga. * kou AnaMdaghana chidra hI pekhata, jasarAya saMga caDI AyA, AnaMdaghana AnaMdarasa jhIlata, dekhata hI jasa guNa gAyA. * e rI Aja AnaMda bhayo, mere terI mukha nirakhanirakha, romaroma zItala bhayo aMgo aMga. zuddha samajaNa samatA-rasa jhIlata, AnaMdaghana bhayo anaMtaraMga. AnaMdaghanake saMga sujasa hI mile jaba, taba AnaMda sama bhayo sujasa, pArasa saMga lohA jo pharasata, kaMcana hota hI tAke kasa. khIranIra jo mila rahe AnaMda jasa, sumati sakhike saMga bhayo he ekarasa, bhava khapAI sujasa vilAsa bhaye, siddha svarUpa liye dhasamasa. samatA ane sumatine sakhI tarIke kalpI yazovijaya AtmaramaNAne zRMgArakIDAnuM rUpa Ape che e khAsa dhyAna kheMce evuM che. AtmAnubhava e rasapUrNa bhAvadazA che ema AthI sUcavAya che. nIcenA padamAM jJAnInI saMyogaprItine ane enI masta AnaMdadazAne zaMkarapArvatIgaMgAnA dRSTAMtathI hRdayaMgama rIte varNavI che ? ajaba banI he jorI, adhaga dharI he gorI, zaMkara zaMka hi chorI, gaMga zira dharI che. premake pIvata pyAle, hota mahA matavAle, na calata tihU pAse, asavArI kharI che. jJAnIko eso utsAha, samatAke gale bAMha, zira para jaganAha-ANa, sura-sarI rahe. lokake pravAha nAMhi, sujasa vilAsa mAMhi, cidAnaMdaghana chAMhi, rati anusarI he. potAnI A kalpanAne anusarI yazovijaya cetana sumatine choDI mamatA sAthe prIti joDe che tyAre sumatinI virahadazAnI vyAkuLatA Alekhe che - kaba ghara cetana AveMge ? mere kaba ghara cetana AveMge ? sakhiri, levuM balaiyA bArabAra, mere kaba ghara cetana AveMge ? renadInA mAnuM dhyAna tuM sADhA, kabahuke darasa dikhAyeMge ? virahadIvAnI phirUM TUMDhatI, pIupIla karake pokAreMge, piu jAya male mamatAse, kAla anaMta gamAreMge. to vaLI cetanAno enA priyatamathI - AnaMdAnubhavathI viraha paNa AlekhAyo che. emAM sumatisakhIne priyatamane manAvavAnI vinaMtI karavAmAM AvI

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228 | madhyakAlIna gujarAtI jaina sAhitya kata binu kaho kauna gati nyArI. sumatisakhI, jaI vege manAvo, kahe cetanA pyArI. dhana kana kaMcana mahola mAli. pila bina saba hi ujArI, nidrAyoga lahuM sukha nahi, piyuviyoga tanu jArI. tore prIta parAI durajana, achA~ doSa pukArI, gharabhaMjana ke kahana na kIje, kIje kAja vicArI. vibhrama moha mahAmada bijUrI, mAyA rena aMdhArI, garjita arati larve rati dAdura, kAmakI bhaI asavArI. piu milakuM mUjha mana talake, meM piu-khijamatagArI, bhUrakI deI gayo pila mujhakuM. na lahe pIra piyArI. alabatta, priyatama pachI Ave che ne 'cidAnaMdaghana sujasa vinode, rame raMga anusArI.' joI zakAya che ke AdhyAtmika bhAvadazAone paNa sparzakSama rUpa ApavAnuM yazovijayajIe ikyuM che ane emAM emane pUratI kAmayAbI maLI che. padyabaMdha-padAvali prabhutva sAhityakaLAnAM anya sarva aMgo paranuM yazovijayanuM prabhutva prazasya che. duhA-copAI Adi chaMdo ane aneka dezIo e adhikArapUrvaka vApare che. dezIonuM vaividhya sAhityaparaMparA sAtheno emano gADha nAto batAve che. yuddhavarNanane kaDakhAnI dezamAM AlekhatA yazovijaya pAse chaMdanA aucityanI paNa sUjha che ema dekhAI Ave che. padyabaMdhanI keTalIka AkarSaka chaTAo paNa yazovijaye nirmI che. jemake vividha prakAranI dhUvAo emaNe yojI che ne lAMbe sudhI kheMcAtA prAsa emaNe sAdhyA che. prAsasAMkaLI. paMktiaMtargata prAso, zabdone bevaDAvavAnI rIti vagerethI emaNe pachaTA ja nahIM vAkachaTA paNa UbhI karI che. thoDAMka udAharaNo joIe ? * dIThI ho prabhu dIThI jagaguru tuja, mUrati ho prabhu mUrati mohanavelaDIjI. * zrI anaMtajina zuM karo, sAhelaDiyAM, colamajIThano raMga re, guNavelaDiyAM, sAco raMga te dharmano, sAhelaDiyAM, bIjo raMga pataMga re, guNavelaDiyAM. * morA svAmI caMdraprabha jinarAya, vinataDI avadhAriye jI rejI, morA svAmI tumha cho dIna dayAla, bhavajalathI bhuja tArIye jI re jI. * dharamanAtha tuja sarikho, sAhiba zira thake re ke sAhiba zira thake re. * cora jora je phorave, muja hyuM Ika mate re ke muja ththu Ika mate re. * AThamiMi aMgaI e kahiyA re, lAlanAM,

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upAdhyAya yazovijayajInI sAhityakaLA - keTalAka muddA | 228 vali aneka municaMda re, vaIrAgI lAlanAM, sumukha dumukha kuravA bhalA re, lAlanAM, vasudeva-dhAraNI-naMda re, vaIrAgI lAlanAM. * zaraNAgata trAtA re, tU dAlati-dAtA re, havaI dI jaI muja sAtA samakita-zuddhinI re. * prabhu dharI pIThi vetAla bAla, sAta. tAla loM vAdhe, kAla rUpa vikarAla bhayaMkara, lAgata aMbara Adhe. samarIe sarasatI varasatI vacanasudhA ghaNI re, vIra jinesara kesara aracita jagadhaNI re. rAjanayara vara bhUSaNa dUSaNa TALato re, thaNamyuM guNakaraNe jaga ajuAlato re. * unnatapuramaMDana jina tuM jayo. ThakurAI tuja jora, tuja mukha, tuja mukha dIThaI ho muja hiyaDuM TharaI, jima ghana dIThaI mora, huM tuja upara ahanizi bhAvio, tuma kema raho udAsa, AsaMgaI AsaMgaI adhikerAM ho vayaNa na bhAsiI, jehanI kIjaI Asa. * bAlA rUpazAlA gale mAlA sohe motina kI, kare nRtyacAlA gorI TorI mili bhorI sI. * sayanakI nayanakI bayanakI chabI nIko. mayanakI gorI takI lagI mohi aviyAM. yazovijayajIno zabdarAzi virala saMskRta zabdothI mAMDIne taLapadI bolInA zabdo sudhIno vyApa batAve che. emaNe vrajahiMdImAM racanAo karI che e uparAMta emanI gujarAtI kRtiomAM hiMdInI chAMTa maLe che. khijamata' jevA ghaNA phArasI zabdo paNa prayojAya che. prAsa, yamaka, zleSa ane anya alaMkArone nimitte paNa yazovijayajInI zabdasamRddhi pragaTa thAya che. vividha staranA zabdo, saghana uktio tathA kUTa alaMkAraracanAone kAraNe yazovijayajInI bhASAbhivyakti paMDitAInI mudrA vAraMvAra dhAraNa kare che, keTalIka vAra e dudha paNa bane che. paraMtu emAM aucitya ane arthasamakitA hamezAM joI zakAya che. tattvavicAra taraphanuM valaNa, vasturUpanuM mArmika grahaNa, alaMkAra Adi kavikauzalo paranuM prabhutva vagerethI potAnI AgavI kavipratimA sarjanAra yazovijaya madhyakAlIna gujarAtI sAhityadarabAramAM UMcA AsananA adhikArI

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jJAnavimalasUri : jJAnabodha ane kavitva kumArapALa desAI madhyakAlIna gujarAtI sAhityamAM vipula. vaividhyamaya ane kavitvapUrNa sarjana mATe, vikramanA 18mA saikAmAM thayelA. tapagacchanI vimala zAkhAnA jaina sAdhu jJAnavimalasUrinuM pradAna noMdhapAtra gaNAya. emaNe gujarAtI bhASAmAM eTalI badhI kRtionI racanA karI hatI ke ethI ema kahevAtuM ke saMskRtamAM jema hemacaMdrAcArya tema prAkRtamAM eTaleke dezI bhASAomAM jJAnavimalasUri che. vaividhyanI dRSTie joIe to emanI kRtio kathAtmaka, tattvavicArAtmaka, bodhAtmaka ane stutyAtmaka -- ema badhA prakAranI che. A kRtiomAM emanA pAMDitya uparAMta chaMda, alaMkAra Adi kavikauzalanI prauDhino paNa paricaya thAya che. emaNe saMskRta, prAkRta ane gujarAtI - ema traNe bhASAomAM graMtho racyA tathA gadya ane padya baMne svarUpamAM mahattvapUrNa racanAo ApI. jJAnavimalasUrinuM sAhitya bahudhA sAMpradAyika paripATInuM che. paraMtu, e maryAdA jALavIne paNa, emaNe alaMkAraracanA, padyabaMdha. dRSTAMtabodha vagerenI je zakti batAvI che te prazasya che. jJAnavimalasUrinI kRtiomAMthI ane emanA samakAlInonI noMdhamAMthI emanA jIvana vize sArI evI mAhitI sAMpaDe che. emano janma vikrama saM. 1694mAM mAravADanA bhinnamAla nagaramAM thayo hato. teo vIzA ozavAlA jJAtinA hatA. temanA pitAnuM nAma vAsava zeTha ane mAtAnuM nAma kanakAvatI hatuM. bALapaNamAM emanuM nAma nAthumala hatuM. mAtra ATha varSanI vaye vi.saM. 170ramAM emaNe tapagacchanI vimalazAkhAmAM paMDita vinayavimalagaNinA ziSya paMDita dhIravimalagaNi pAse dIkSA lIdhI. dIkSA samaye emanuM nAma navimala rAkhavAmAM AvyuM. A pachI emaNe kAvya, tarka, nyAya, zAstrAdimAM nipuNatA meLavI. teoe amRtavimalagaNi tathA meruvimalagaNi pAse vidyAbhyAsa karyo. vi.saM. 1727 mahA suda dazamane divase mAravADanA sAdaDI pAsenA ghANerAva gAmamAM utsavapUrvaka AcArya vijayaprabhasUrie emane paMnyAsapada ApyuM. tyAra bAda vi.saM. 1748 phAgaNa suda pAMcama ne guruvAranA divase navimalagaNine AcAryapadanI prApti thaI ane temanA vizALa jJAnane lIdhe temanuM nAma jJAnavimalasUri rAkhavAmAM AvyuM. jJAnavimalasUrie sUrata, khaMbhAta, rAjanagara (amadAvAda), pATaNa, rAdhanapura, sAdaDI, ghANerAva, zirohI, pAlItANA, jUnAgaDha vagere sthaLoe vihAra karyo. emanI vihArabhUmi mukhyatve gujarAta, rAjasthAna ane saurASTrano pradeza hatI.

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jJAnavimalasUri : jJAnabodha ane kavitva | 231 zatruMjaya tIrthanI emaNe aneka vakhata yAtrA karI hatI. jJAnavimalasUrinI racanAomAM paNa zatruMjaya tIrtha pratyenI emanI dRDha AsthA sthaLe sthaLe pragaTa thAya che. emaNe saMskRta bhASAmAM "vaphanariNasUtravRttiH', "zrIpAritra ane "saMsArAvInastutivRtti jevA graMthonI racanA karI che. jJAnavimalasUrinI saMskRta bhASAnI nipuNatAno khyAla emanA jIvanaprasaMgamAMthI prApta thAya che. eka vAra tapagacchanA AcArya zrI vijayaprabhasUri zatruMjaya tIrthamAM padhAryA hatA, tyAre teo tIrthanAyaka AdIzvara bhagavAna samakSa caityavaMdana karavA gayA, paraMtu e samaye navimalagaNi tyAM AvyA ane tAtkAlika navAM kAvya racIne stuti karavA lAgyA. emanI kavitvazakti joIne AnaMdita thayelA AcAryazrIe navimalagaNine "Avo jJAnavimalasUri" kahIne sUripadanI yogyatA darzAvI AdarapUrvaka bolAvyA. nayavimalagaNie namratAthI vikasAna ema kahyuM. A pachI AcAryazrIe navimalagaNine caityavaMdana karavAnuM kahyuM. sAmAnya rIte je sauthI vadhu pUjya hoya te caityavaMdana kare tevI praNAlikA hovAthI anya sAdhujano kheda pAmyA, paraMtu emane samajAvatAM AcAryazrIe kahyuM, "bhale mArA padane kAraNe huM pUjya gaNAuM, paraMtu mArAmAM nayavimalagaNi jevuM jJAna ane kavitvazakti zatAMze paNa nathI. teo jJAnavRddha che tethI temane huM Adara ApuM chuM." nayavimalagaNie tAtkAlika navAM kAvyo racIne 45 kAvyo vaDe caityavaMdana karyuM. - jJAnavimalasUrinuM vipula sAhityasarjana jotAM emano samakAlIno pratyeno Adara paNa pragaTa thAya che. emaNe AnaMdaghana ane yazovijayanI kRtio para dabA racyA che. "AnaMdaghana covIsIno Tabo lakhavA mATe emaNe sUratanA sUryamaMDana pArzvanAthanA derAsaramAM cha mahinA sudhI dhyAna dharyuM hatuM ane e pachI AnaMdaghanajInAM covIsa stavano para stabaka racyo. e ja rIte "navapadanI pUjAmAM jJAnavimalanI pUjA sAthe yazovijaya ane devacaMdranI pUjA paNa saMkalita rUpe maLe che. vi.saM.1786nA Aso vada cotha ne guruvAre prAtaHkALe anazanapUrvaka teo nevyAsI varSanI vaye kALadharma pAmyA. jJAnavimalanI gujarAtI racanAomAM vizeSa noMdhapAtra emanI "caMdrakevalIno rAsa', "azokacaMdrarohiNI rAsa', jaMbUsvAmI rAsa', 'raNasiMha rAjarSi rAsa', bAravratagrahaNaTIpa rAsa' ane 'sAdhuvaMdanA rAsa' jevI kathAtmaka kRtio che. jJAnavimalasUrinI kAvyanipuNatAno manorama paricaya "caMdrakavalIno rAsa' mAM thAya che. A rAsamAM pUrvabhavanA AyaMbila tapane kAraNe kevalIpada pAmanAra caMdrakumAranuM prabhAvaka caritra AlekhAyuM che. cAra khaMDa 111 DhALa ane 7649 kaDIomAM vistarelA A rAsanI racanA jJAnavimale vi.saM. 1770nA mahA suda terasanA

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232 D madhyakAlIna gujarAtI jaina sAhitya divase rAdhanapuramAM pUrI karI. A rAsanA lekhananI zarUAta paNa rAdhanapura zaheramAM karI hatI. mukhyatve duhA-dezIbaddha A rAsane "AnaMdamaMdira rAsa' evuM bIjuM nAma paNa jJAnavimale ApyuM che. jJAnavimala A AnaMdamaMdiranI kalpanA paNa upamAthI darzAve che. 108 vividha rAganI rasALa DhALo enA anupama staMbho che. jinezvaranuM stutikartana e gavAkSo che. jJAna, darzana ane cAritrarUpI emAM oraDAo che. zatruMjaya ane navakAra tenAM cogAna che ane vividha kavita sahita, gAthA vagere ghaNAM sUktothI zobhatuM enuM AMgaNuM che. temAM sudeva, suguru ane sudharma jevA saMsAranA duHkhanuM nivAraNa karanAra ochADa che. AvI rIte jJAnavimala AnaMdamaMdira sAthe potAnI kRtine sarakhAve che. A AnaMdamaMdirano nivAsa saddaguNonA nivAsarUpa che. emAM suvihita sAdhu manana karatAM nivAsa karatA hoya che. jJAnavimalamAM AvI sarakhAmaNI ghaNe sthaLe jovA maLe che. jemake vivekarUpI vizALa nagara, samakitarUpI eno pAyo, navatattvarUpI eno darabAra, samyagubodharUpI maheto, samavAyarUpI senAnI kalpanA paNa e Ape che. jinamaMdiranI UMce pharakatI dhajAo jANe svargalokanI hAMsI karatI na hoya ema e. varNave che. e rIte judAjudA alaMkArothI jJAnavimalasUri potAnI vAta kare che. A rAsanA pahelA khaMDamAM kathApravAha vegathI cAle che, paNa bAkInA traNa khaMDamAM samasyA, subhASito, dRSTAMto, ADakathAo ane dharmasiddhAMtonI sAthe kathAtaMtuM cAle jJAnavimalanI vizeSatA e che ke emanA cittamAM eTalAM badhAM dRSTAMto. subhASito, alaMkAro, ADakathAo ane dharmasiddhAMto UbharAyAM kare che ke emane Ane mATe koI AyAsa karavo paDato nathI. e badhuM ja ApoApa kathAnakanI sAthe gUMthAtuM Ave che. taka maLe tyAM e dharmano mahimA ke karmanI mahattA gAvAnuM cUkatA nathI. kyAMka saMskRta subhASitanI sAthe teno gujarAtImAM anuvAda kare che. karNapizAcinI, sAmudrikazAstra, lakSaNazAstra, vazIkaraNa, aSTAMga nimitta ke jyotiSanI vAta kare che, to azvanAM lakSaNo, svapnano artha, strIonA prakAro, puruSanI botera kaLA, strIonI cosaTha kaLA ke vanamAM thatAM vRkSonI yAdI Ape che. A rAsamAM sUryavatI rANInI vedanAnuM ke sAsunI vahune duHkhI karavAnI manovRttinuM Alekhana AkarSaka che. kathArasanI sAthosAtha jJAnopadeza e A kRtinuM mahattvanuM pAsuM che. tAMbUla ane aMtaraMga tAMbUla, snAna ane aMtaraMga snAna, bhAvakhIcaDI vagerenAM lakSaNonuM varNana raspada bane che. jJAnavimalasUri AmAM jaina mAnyatA pramANe bhaugolika racanAnuM Alekhana karavA sAthe jaina dharmanA siddhAMto ane niyamonuM vivaraNa paNa Ape che. saMskRta zloko ane prAkRta gAthAonAM uddharaNo Ape che to subhASita-samasyA-hariyAlInI manorama gUMthaNI race che. A kRtinI eka vizeSatA e eno kAvyaMbadha che. vividha prakAranI dhruvAo prayojatI sugeya

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jJAnavimalasUri : jJAnabodha ane kavitva ] 233 dezIo, kavita, jakaDI, caMdrAvaLA Adi kAvyabaMdho maLe che ane jhaDajhamakavALI cAraNI zailI jJAnavimalanI kAvyanipuNatAno manorama khyAla Ape che. mAtra vistArane kAraNe ja nahIM paNa pracura kathArasa, tattvavicAraniSTha dharmabodha tathA vyutpanna kavitvane kAraNe A kRti jJAnavimalasUrinI sauthI dhyAnArha kRti bane che. "caMdrakevalIno rAsamAM AyaMbila tapano mahimA che to 'azokacaMdrarohiNI rAsa'mAM rohiNI nakSatranA divase 28 varSa sudhI karavAmAM AvatA rohiNI tapano mahimA gAyo che. jJAnavimalasUrie vi.saM.1772nI mAgasara suda pAMcamane divase surata pAse saiyadaparAmAM A rAsa pUro karyo. Aje e saiyadaparAnA naMdIzvara dvIpanA jinAlayanA cokamAM jJAnavimalanAM pagalAMnI derI maLe che. mukhyatve duhA-dezIbaddha evA 'azokacaMdrarohiNI rAsa'mAM prasaMgopAtta kavita, gIta, troTaka Adi padyabaMdhono upayoga karyo che. rAjA azokacaMdranI rANI rohiNI zokabhAvathI eTalIbadhI ajANa che ke putramRtyunA duHkhe raDatI strInA rudanamAM karyo rAga che ema pUche che, AvA praznathI azokacaMdrane A strImAM bIjAnuM duHkha samajavAnI vRttino abhAva ane garva jaNAyA. tethI tene pATha bhaNAvavA te enA khoLAmAM beThelA putra lokapAlane aTArIethI nIce nAkhe che. paraMtu rohiNIne to A ghaTanAthI paNa kazo zoka thato nathI ane enA puNyaprabhAve putra kSemakuzaLa rahe che. rohiNInA A vItazoka vItarAgapaNAnA kAraNa rUpe enA pUrvabhavanI kathA kahevAI che, jemAM e potAnA AgalA bhavanA duSkarmane kAraNe kurUpa ane durgaMdhI nArI banI hoya che ane rohiNItapanA AzrayathI e duSkarmanA prabhAvamAMthI chUTIne A rohiNI-avatAra pAmI hoya che. rohiNInA be pUrvabhavo, azokacaMdra temaja rohiNInAM saMtAnonA pUrvabhavo tathA ekAda ADakathA vaDe A rAsa prastAra pAmyo hovA chatAM emAM kathAtattva pAMkhuM che, kemake eka ja ghaTanAsUtravALI sAdI kathA che. dharmabodhanA sphuTa prayojanathI racAyelI A kRtimAM kavie karma, tapa ityAdinA svarUpa ane prakAronI sAMpradAyika mAhitI gUMthI lIdhI che. temaja subhASito ane samasyAono paNa viniyoga karyo che. kAvyamAM kavinI kAvyazaktino paNa paricaya prasaMgopAtta ApaNane maLyA kare che jemake maghavA muninA puNyapratApane pragaTa karatA vAtAvaraNanuM citraNa kavie je vIgatothI karyuM che te manorama lAge che. naga2 vagerenAM anya keTalAMka varNano paNa noMdhapAtra che. AvAM varNanomAM rUpakadi alaMkArono kavie lIdhelo Azraya emanI kSamatAne pragaTa kare che. rohiNInA rUpavarNanamAM urvasI paNi mine nava paoN re' jevA vyatireka yamakanA saMkarAlaMkAranI hAramALA yojI che ane paurANika hakIkatone rohiNInA prabhAvanA hetu rUpe kalpI che te kavinI A prakAranI varNanakSamatAnuM eka viziSTa udAharaNa che. samagra rAsamAM ziSTa prauDha bhASAchaTAnuM AkarSaNa che to jugupsA ane tiraskAranA bhAvone anurUpa bhASA paNa kavi eTalI ja asarakArakatAthI prayojI batAve che. thoDIka suMdara dhruvAo ane kvacit karelI

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234 | madhyakAlIna gujarAtI jaina sAhitya cAra prAsanI yojanA paNa kavinI kAvyazaktinI ghAtaka che. "jabUsvAmI rAsamAM jaMbUkumAranI ATha paTarANIono saMvAda AlekhAyo che. dareka paTarANI jaMbUkumArane pUche ane jaMbUkumAra judIjudI dRSTAMtakathAo sAthe emane javAba Ape. 3pa DhALa ane 608 kaDIono duhA-dezIbaddha A rAsa emAM AvatA rUpaka, upamAvali ane laukika dRSTAMtothI keTaleka aMze rasAvaha banyo raNasiMha rAjarSi rAsa' e 38 DhALa dharAvato 1100 kaDIno rAsa che. to susaDha rAsamAM kavie jayaNAnuM mahattva gAyuM che. bAravratagrahaNa TIpa rAsa'mAM vrataniyamonI yAdI ane samajUtI maLe che, jyAre "sAdhuvaMdanA rAsa'mAM RSabhadevanA gaNadharothI mAMDIne prAcIna sAdhujanonI nAmAvali jaina zAstragraMthone AdhAre ApavAmAM AvI che ane keTaleka sthaLe nAmollekhane badale TUMkuM caritrasaMkIrtana karavAmAM AvyuM che. jJAnavimalanI kathAtattvavALI bIjI paNa keTalIka kRtio maLe che. "sUyabhi nATakamAM sUyabhi deve apsarAonI madadathI mahAvIra svAmI samakSa rajU karela bhaktibhAvapUrNa saMgIta-nRtyano prasaMga 7.3 kaDImAM varNavAyo che. jJAnavimalanAM be 'tIrthamAlAyAtrA stavana' maLe che. ekamAM suratathI mAravADa sudhInI tIrthayAtrAnuM Alekhana che. to bIjImAM vijayasenasUrinI preraNAthI vajiyo ane rAjiyo e be zreSThIoe karelA pratiSThA mahotsavanuM varNana che. kalpasUtra vyAkhyAna bhAsa'mAM paryuSaNaparva prasaMge vyAkhyAnamAM vAMcavA mATenI dharmakathAo ApI che. jJAnavimale stuti, stavana, caityavaMdana, sajhAya Adi prakAranI kRtio vipula saMkhyAmAM racelI che. emaNe siddhAcalanAM 3600 jeTalAM stavana racyAnuM kahevAya che. kavie Abu, tAraMgA, rANakapura jevAM tIrthonAM stavanomAM tIrthaviSayaka aitihAsika-bhaugolika mAhitI gUMthI che. emaNe be covIsI, be vIsI uparAMta aneka tIrthaMkarastavano lakhyAM che. covIsImAMnI eka jJAnabhaktiyukta che ane bhASA tathA alaMkAranI prauDhithI temaja emAM prayukta suMdara geya dezIothI dhyAna kheMce che. jyAre bIjI covIsamAM tIrthakaronA pUrvabhavonI mAhitI ApavAmAM AvI che. viSayonI sAthe viSayanirUpaNanuM vaividhya paNa teo dharAve che. AvuM vaividhya dharAvatAM emanAM stavanomAM 'zAzvatajinapratimAsaMkhyAmaya stavana," 'sattarisaya- jina stavana' ane 'adhyAtmagarbhita sAdhAraNajina stavana' mukhya che. dezIo temaja toTaka Adi chaMdovALuM, pAMca DhALa ane 81 kaDInuM zAMtinAtha jinanuM stavana paNa noMdhapAtra gaNAya. emaNe hiMdImAM 29 kaDImAM 'caturvizati jinavRMda jevI tIrthakara stavananI kRti racI che. jJAnavimalanA vipula sAhityamAM bAlAvabodha'no paNa samAveza thAya che. emaNe aDhAra jeTalA gadya bAlAvabodho racyA che.

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jJAnavimalasUri : jJAnabodha ane kavitva D 235 eMzI varSanA sAdhujIvana daramyAna, sAdhunI aneka maryAdAonuM pAlana karIne jJAnavimalasUrie ATaluM vipula sarjana kaI rIte karyuM haze tevo vicAra sahaja rIte ja Ave. mAtra saMkhyAnI dRSTie ja nahIM, paraMtu guNavattAnI dRSTie paNa jJAnavimalanuM pradAna madhyakAlIna sAhityamAM mahattvanuM gaNAya.

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sarjaka kavi uttamavijaya ramaNa sonI madhyakAlIna gujarAtI jaina kavio mATe sAhityanI sAdhanA anivAryapaNe dharmasAdhanAno ja eka sakriya aMza rahI che. eTale dharmalAbha ane dharmaprasAra arthe prayojAyeluM jaina sAhitya sAtatyapUrNa vipula lekhananI, dharmakathAonA vistArapUrvakanA AlekhananI ane pracalita-lokapriya sAhityasvarUpo temaja geya DhALone prayojatA rahevAnI lAkSaNikatA batAve che. ekAda sugeya sajhAyathI mAMDIne sudIrgha rAsAo sudhInA jaina sAhityanI AvI mudrA Upase che. madhyakALanA lAMbA samayapaTa para mahadaMze sAMpradAyikatAnI ane prarUDha sAhityaparaMparAnI praNAlikAne ja anusaratuM ne vistAratuM hovA chatAM A sAhityamAM paNa noMdhapAtra sarjakazaktino AviSkAra thoDAka uttama lekhakomAM temaja keTalAka gauNa lekhakonI koIkoI kRtiomAM thato rahyo che. AvA sarjakone ne mahattvanI ahityakRtione tAravI levAmAM Ave to Alekhanakauzala, svarUpasiddhi temaja padyaracanAnI prayuktio AdimAM jaNAtI AgavI sAhityasUjhano tathA sargazaktinAM vaividhya ane samRddhino paNa sAco aMdAja AvI zake. AvI tAravaNImAM 19mI sadI pUrvArdhanA kavi uttamavijayano samAveza paNa thaI zake. A sadInA padmavijaya ne vIravijaya jevA vividha prakAronI vipulasaMkhya kRtio sarjanAra moTA kavio uparAMta keTalAka gauNa kaviomAM tapagacchanA vimalavijayanI paraMparAmAM khuzAlavijayanA ziSya A uttamavijaya vizeSa noMdhapAtra che. emanI AraMbhanI eka kRtimAM kavinuM uttamacaMda nAma paNa maLe che. uttamavijaye chaMda-sajhAya jevI laghu kRtio, 'velake 'velI' nAme oLakhAvAyelI UmikendrI kathAkRtio ane lAMbA rAsa - ema vividha prakAranI daseka kRtio racI che. emanI sarva laghukRtio mudrita thayelI che. emAM "rahanemi-rAjimatI coka/sajhAya' (racanA va. I.1819 | saM.1875. kArataka suda bAsa, ravivAra) 4-4 kaDIonAM 4 guccha eTaleke cokamAM racAyelI che, pArzvanAtha svAmIno chaMda (racanAvarSa I. 1824 | saM.1880, mahA dazama) toTaka chaMdanI 13 kaDIonI racanA che; "ekaso ATha nAma garbhita zaMkhezvara pArzvajinachaMda (racanAvarSa I. 1825 | saM. 1881, phAgaNa vada bIja) kaDakhAnI dezI prayojatuM 21 kaDIonuM kAvya che ane

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sarjaka kavi uttamavijaya | 237 paradezI rAjAnI sajhAya' 18 kaDIonI racanA che. A kavie racelI baMne rAsakRtio bahudhA paraMparAnusArI che - 4 khaMDa ane 71 DhALamAM vistarelo dhanapALa-zIlavatIno rAsa' (racanAvarSa I. 1822 | saM. 1878 mAgazara pAMcama, somavAra) tathA 7 DhALano DhaMDhaka rAsa | lumpaka-lopaka 'tapagaccha jayotpatti rAsa' (racanAvarSa I. 1822 | saM. 1878, poSa suda terasa). zatruMjaya Adi pAMca tIrthonA tIrthakaronI pUjA vizenI emanI eka kRti paMcatIrtha pUjA' (racanAvarSa I. 1834 | saM.1890, phAgaNa suda pAMcama) Ama to paraMparAgata racanA che paraMtu saLaMga duhAnA 7 DhALamAM cAlatI A kRtimAM kavie vaccevacce je vaividhyapUrNa gIto prayojyAM che emAM dezIo te samaye pracalita mahattvanAM jainetara pada-garabIonI dezao vaparAyelI che. jemake, "mA pAvA te gaDhathI Utaryo...', "gokulanI govAlaNI mahI vecavA cAlI', 'jAdavA re tame zAne roko cho rAnamAM' vagere. joke A rIte thatuM lokapriya DhALonuM anusaraNa e paNa te samayanI kAvyapravRttinuM eka paraMparAgata lakSaNa ja che, paraMtu keTalAMka gItone uttamavijaya sAce ja UrmivAhI ne kAvyAtmaka banAvI zakyA che e emanuM vaizistra che. ekamAnTika vargonI bahulatAvALI anuprArAtmaka racanA paNa A kRtimAM ThIkaThIka jovA maLe che. u.ta. sajala jalada tana sapta phana, uraga lakhanuM paga jAsa, kamaTha dalana jana jaya karata, namata amara nita tAsa. AvI prayuktio padyaracanAnI vilakSaNatAmAM kavine rasa hovAnuM ne emAM emanI hathoTI paNa hovAnuM batAve che. A kRti paNa mudrita thayelI che. vela' ke 'velI'nA nAme oLakhAvAyelI emanI kRtiomAM nemi-rAjimatI snehavela' (racanAvarSa I. 1820 | saM.1876, Aso vada pAMcama, maMgaLavAra) paMdara tithi ane bAra mAsanA varNanane samAvatI 15 DhALanI bAramAsI racanA che ane siddhAcala siddhavelI (racanAvarSa I. 1829 | saM.1885, kArataka suda pUnama) nAmanI 13 DhALanI mudrita racanA siddhAcalano itihAsa ne eno mahimA varNave che. paraMtu 15 DhALa ne 210 kaDIonI eka anya mudrita kRti "neminAthanI rasavelI' (racanAvarSa I. 1833 | saM.1889, phAgaNa suda sAtama) uttamavijayanI sarva kRtiomAM sauthI vadhu noMdhapAtra ne emanI sarjakatAne uttama rIte upasAvI ApatI racanA che. neminAthanA jANItA kathAnakamAM milanotsukatAno zRMgAra, vilApano karuNa ane aMte upazamano zAntarasa ema vividha rasone AlekhavA-upasAvavAnI rahelI taka aneka kavioe lIdhelI che. jyAre ahIM kavie kRSNanI rANIo neminAthane samajAve-manAve che. e prasaMgane ja kendramAM rAkhyo che ne ethI ekabhAvakenDI kathAnakanI dRSTie kati noMdhapAtra banI che. uparAMta, strIonA maramALA udromAM UpasatuM raMgAranuM saumya-prasanna rUpa kRtine ekarasakandI racanAnuM

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238 D madhyakAlIna gujarAtI jaina sAhitya viziSTa parimANa arpe che, rUkmiNI, satyabhAmA pAvatI Adie karelo neminAthano anunaya eka-eka DhALamAM AlekhAto jAya evI yojanAne kAraNe e pratyekanAM vyaktitva ne vANIcAturya paNa nirALI rIte pragaTyAM che. puruSanA nArIzUnya jIvananI zuSkatA ne ema nArIsnehano mahimA strIonI ja upAlaMbhabharI naktiomAM kavie Alekhyo hovAthI premanuM eka lAkSaNika ne svAdya rUpa AlekhI zakAyuM che. A kAraNe "nArIne nAvaDiye besI taravo premasamudra evA kaMIka rUDha alaMkaraNane AlekhatI paMkti paNa kAkune baLe rasika bane che, to 'alabelIne AliMgane re kaMkaNanI paDe bhAtyo' evI spaSTapaNe tAjagIpUrNa ne kAvyAtmaka paMktio paNa emAM camakI jAya che. kavinI rasikatA ne kalpanAne pragaTavA kathAnakanA AvA racanAvidhAnano khAsso lAbha maLI gayo che. A rANIonA rUpalAvaNyane temaja lagnotsuka rAjula ane neminAtha bannenA dehasaundaryane AlekhavAnuM paNa kavi cUkyA nathI. A Alekhano paNa ThIkaThIka asarakAraka banyAM che. karaNamAM palaTAtA ne zAMtamAM paryavasAna pAmatA mULa kathAnakanA uttarArdhane kavie saMkSepamAM sameTI lIdho che kAraNake emane kRtine saprayojana ne saMkalpapUrvaka ekarasakendrI rAkhavI che. chellI DhALamAM emaNe kahyuM paNa che ke rAjulavilApane prAdhAnya nathI ApyuM kAraNake potAne "rasa-velI ja AlekhavI che ne emAM karaNanuM Alekhana e sAkaramAM khAra' nAkhavA jevuM ne "kamalakelimAM kAMTA" ropavA jevuM bane. DhALa badalAtAM jema pAtrokti badalAya che ema dezI paNa badalAya che e kRtinA racanAbaMdhanI dRSTie ucita lAge che. pratyeka nArInA uddagArane mATe emaNe sarakhI kaDIo ApI che emAM paNa padyabaMdhanI emanI cokasAI joI zakAya. anuprAsAtmaka bhASA paNa kRtine samRddha kare che. AvI ekAda viziSTa kRtithI paNa uttamavijaya madhyakALanA alpasaMkhya sarjaka kavionI haroLamAM AvI zake. madhyakALanA vistIrNa padyarAzimAMthI tAravelI sarjakazaktivALI AvI kRtiono saMcaya paNa have ApaNI eka moTI AvazyakatA che.

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jayazekharasUriracita "tribhuvanadIpaka prabaMdha' = = = = - - - - mahendra a. dave I.sa.1-15 saikAnA saMdhikALa thaI gayelA, khaMbhAtanI rAjyasabhAmAM kavicakravatI'nuM biruda meLavanAra 'vANIdattavara' kavi jayazekharasUrie saMskRta ane jUnI gujarAtImAM keTalIka kAvyaracanAo ApI che. saMskRtamAM prabodhaciMtAmaNi', dharmilacaritra', "jaina kumArasaMbhava' Adi racanAo uparAMta jUnI gujarAtImAM paMcAsara vinati, "mahAvIra vinati', "arbudAcala vinati tathA neminAthaviSayaka be phAguo paNa A kavie lakhyAM che. jayazekharasUrino gujarAtI kavi tarIkeno yaza to emanI kAvyaracanA tribhuvanadIpaka prabaMdhIne kAraNe che te nirvivAda che. I.sa.1406 pachInAM varSomAM thayelI A racanA (have pachI tri. dI." tarIke oLakhIzuM) ApaNe tyAM prabodhaciMtAmaNi' (have pachI "pra. ci.) tarIke paNa oLakhAI che. paMDita lAlacandra bhagavAnadAse A racanAne prathamavAra 'tripadI' nAme saMpAdita karI. ke. ha. dhruvane prApta thayelI ane emaNe upayogamAM lIdhelI muMbaInI mohanalAlajI senTrala lAyabrerInI A racanAnI hastapratanI puSpikAmAM iti zrI tribhuvanadIpaka prabaMdha samAptam Iti' evI noMdha che. zrI dhruve A racanAne "prabodhaciMtAmaNi' tarIke oLakhAvI che. kavi pote paNa enI kRtine tribhuvanadIpaka eha prabaMdha, pApa taNau sAMsu huI na gaMdha' ema lakhI 'tripadI." tarIke oLakhAve che. kAvyanI "tejavanta tihu bhuvana mujhAri paramahaMsa naravara avadhAri' e lITIne AdhAre A kRti haMsaprabaMdha', haMsavicAra prabaMdha', "paramahaMsa prabaMdha' tarIke paNa keTalIka hastapratomAM ullekhAI che. 'tri.dI." e jayazekharasUrie ja lakhelA saMskRta kAvya "prAciM.'no gujarAtI anuvAdamAtra che evA khyAlane kAraNe tri.da." "prAciM.' tarIke jANItuM thayuM che ema samajAya che. DaoN. bhogIlAla sAMDesarA gujarAtI 'tri.dI.ane saMskRta prAci.'nA anuvAda tarIke oLakhAve che. A barobara nathI. tri.dI." e saMskRta prAciM."no mAtra anuvAda nathI, laghu pratinimaNi che. zrI dhruve noMdhyuM che tema "mULanI rUparekhAmAM jUja pheraphAra karI, ora raMga pUrI prAkRta vANImAM jayazekharasUrie (A) svataMtra kAvya racyuM che." tri.dI." upara pra.ci.'nI pragADha chApa che to prAciM.'nI preraNA jayazekharasUrine kRSNamizranA prabodhacandrodaya' (have pachI "pra.ca.) e saMskRta

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240 [] madhyakAlIna gujarAtI jaina sAhitya pa nATakamAMthI prApta thaI che. saMskRta temaja jUnI gujarAtImAM AvAM AdhyAtmika rUpakonI eka nAnI paNa mahattvanI paraMparA hatI. saMbhavataH azvaghoSe lakhelI eka rUpakakRtinA aMzo maLe che emAM kIrti, dhRti, buddhi Adi pAtro che. navamA saikAmAM racAyelA, jayanta nAmanA kavinA 'AgamaDaMbara' e rUpakAtmaka nATakanI hastaprata maLe che. I.sa.905mAM siddharSisUri 'upamitibhavaprapaMca-kathA'nAme rUpakakAvya 2ce che. jIvanuM saMsArabhramaNa, duHkhAnubhavo ane bhavaprapaMconuM A kAvyamAM nirUpaNa thayuM che. rAgadveSa e be mRdaMga, krodhagavaiyo, mahAmoha sUtradhAra, kAmavidUSaka - AvAM pAtro dharAvatI A rUpakagranthi sAhityika kakSA prApta karI zakatI nathI. A racanAthI prerita thaIne paMDita kRSNamitre 'prabodhacaMdrodaya' nATaka lakhyuM (11mI sadI) che ema jaNAya che. A ramaNIya nATyakRtine anusarIne tyAra pachI 'mohaparAjaya' (yazapAla), 'saMkalpasUryodaya' (vyaMkaTanAtha), 'jJAnasUryodaya' (vAdicandra), 'bhavyacaritra' (apabhraMza, jinaprabhAcArya) Adi keTalIka racanAo lakhAI che. A badhI racanAo kAvyaguNe eTalI saMtoSakAraka nathI. A paraMparAmAM jayazekharasUriracita prAciM.'madhyakAlIna gujarAtI sAhityanI eka adbhuva ramaNIya kAvyaracanA che. brAhmaNakavi kRSNamizra emanA 'pra.ca.'mAM viSNubhakti ane mAyAlIlAnA mizraNarUpa vaiSNava vedAntane nATaka rUpe rajU karavA dhAre che. jyAre jaina kavi jayazekharasUri jaina tattvavicAra ane dhArmika upAsanAne rajU karavAnA nimitte 'pra.ciM.'nI rUpakasRSTi race che. 'pra.ca.' cha aMkanuM rUpakAtmaka nATaka che. vaiSNava vedAntavicAra nirUpavAno kavino Azaya hovAthI keTalAka pAtrasaMbaMdho zaMkaravicArathI bhinna che. mAyAne puruSanI patnI (gRhiNI, chatAM vyavahAra vArAMganA jevo) gaNavAmAM AvI che. manane puruSa (pitA) ane mAyA (mAtA)no putra kahyo che. kAma, krodha, tRSNA Adi guNAtmaka pAtro uparAMta upaniSada nAmanuM pAtra paNa maLe che. (nivRttiputra vivekanI bIjI patnI, upaniSada). prabodhacandra e upaniSadano putra. AvAM aneka pAtro uparAMta cArdika, digaMbara (jaina), saugata (buddha) jevAM, anya vicAradhArAone mUrta karatAM, pAtro paNa A nATakamAM vaNAyAM che. rUpakanuM prAthamika mALakhuM 'pra.ca.' mujabanuM kharuM paNa pra.ciM.'mAM kavi aneka bhinna prasaMgo, pAtro ane vicA2saMdarbho vaNI laIne potAnI racanAne AgavuM vaicArika vyaktitva Ape che. 1200 kaDIo ane 7 adhikAramAM vahetA A kAvyanA prathama adhikAramAM cidAnaMdamaya tejane praNamIne, sAdhakanAM lakSaNo varNavIne kavi AcArya hemacandre kahelAM yogazAstranAM sopAno samajAve che. bIjA adhikAramAM padmanAbha tIrthaMkara ane dharmaci muninuM caritra varNavI kavi 3thI 6 adhikAromAM paramahaMsa rAjAnuM ciratra rUpaka rUpe nirUpe che. kavinI nirUpaNarIti vistArayukta che. zailI alaMkArayukta ADaMbarI mahAkAvya jevI che. kavinI najara

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jayazekharasUriracita "tribhuvanadIpaka prabaMdha' | 241 kavitAtattva karatAM jaina tattva ane dharmaciMtana tarapha vizeSa che. AthI ahIM rasAtmakatA anubhavAtI nathI. cetanA, mAyA, nivRtti, pravRtti Adi A paraMparAnAM jANItAM pAtro uparAMta ahIM prIti, aprIti, tattvaruci, abhidhyA, mAri (marakI roga), ciMtA, saMyamazrInI ATha sakhIo - iyasimiti, bhASAsamiti, eSaNAsamiti Adi - jevAM pAtro paNa maLe che. AvAM nArIpAtro sAthe saMcaya, garva. zApa jaLakhAtAnA adhikArI prAyazcita jevAM pAtro pra. ciM.'mAM vaNAyAM che. jayazekhare gujarAtI rUpAntara 'tri.dI.'mAM AvAM aneka pAtrone gALI nAkhyAM che, prasaMgo TUMkAvyA che. prAciM.'mAM kAmadevanA dUtano brahmA, ziva ane kRSNa sAtheno saMvAda vistArayukta, kaMTALAjanaka ane dhArmika dhAravALo che. A ane AvA aneka prasaMgo tri.TI.mAM TUMkA, saumya ane sacoTa banIne AvyA che. dezavaTo pAmelAM nivRtti ane putra vivekanA mArgamAM AvatA vividha AzramonuM pra.ciM.'mAM maLatuM dharmadraSTie mahattvanuM paNa kAvyadRSTie binajarUrI, varNana 'tripadI.'mAM saMkSepamAM rajU thayuM che. kavi kAvyanA gujarAtI navaavatArane, potAnI saMskRta racanAnA AtyaMtika dhArmika raMgone ogALI nAkhIne saMpUrNa lokabhogya banAvavA icche che. Ama 'tri.dI." e saMskRta racanAno anuvAda nathI, mULanI rUpakakilaSTatA vinAnI eka svataMtrakalpa kAvyaracanA che. - paramahaMsa rAjA (brahmanA aMzarUpa jIva) ane cetanA rANInA jIvanamAM mAyAnA AgamanathI uthalapAthala sarjAI. mana amAtyanA kArastAnathI rAjArANIne baMdIvAna karavAmAM AvyAM. mana ane pravRttinA putra mohane kAyAnagarIno rAjA banAvavAmAM Avyo. nivRtti ane enA putra vivekane dezavaTo apAyo. mohaputra kAme jagatamAM sarvatra hAhAkAra phelAvyo tyAre dezavaTe vicaratA viveke zatruMjayanA paMthakamAM bhayAnaka yuddhamAM moha tathA kAmane harAvyA. mohanA mRtyu pachI pravRtti nUrI marI ane vivekanI sahAyathI rAjA paramahaMsa ane cetanA baMdImukta banyAM. jIve sarve baMdhanomAMthI mukta thaI anta arihantapada prApta karyuM. ahIM jaina tattvavicArano raMga hoya te samajI zakAya ema che, chatAM samagratayA tattvavicAra ahIM vyApaka lokarucine saMtoSe evI rIte nirUpAyo che. kAvyanA prAraMbhe kavi paramezvara tathA sarasvatIne samarIne navamA zAntarasanI mIThAzane ullekha che. zarUAtamAM ja kavi 'tejavanta tiha bhuvana mujhAri' evA paramahaMsane varNave che. buddhinA sAgararUpa, ati baLavatta, akaLa, ajeya, anAdi, ananta mahatuthI paNa mahAna ane aNuthI paNa aNu, sahasarazmi sUrya sama svayaMprakAzita, sarvavyApaka evA paramatattvane ane enA aMzarUpa jIvane game te nAme oLakho. koI arihanta kahe, koI hari kahe, hara ke alakha paNa kahe, jevI jenI samaja ane dRSTi. kavi kahe che "jiNi jima jANika tiNi tima kahiu.' kavivANInI dhArA vahetI ja jAya che. kAThi jalaNa jima, dharaNIhi gehu, kusumihi parimala,

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24ra D madhyakAlIna gujarAtI jaina sAhitya gorasi nehu - kASThamAM jema agni, dharatImAM jema tRNAMkura, puSpamAM jema parimala, gorasamAM jema naidhya tema laukika vizvamAM sUkSma rUpe vaselA parabrahma, paramahaMsane kavi UchaLatA utsAhathI varNave che. kavinI dRSTAntalIlA ane vANIpravAhano have paricaya thavA lAge che. cetanA rANI ane rAjAnA sukhabharyA saMsAramAM "navajuvaNa navaraMgI nArI, sAmalaDI, sahajaI savikArI' evI mAyAno praveza thayo. aneka raMgadhArI (navaraMgI), tamomayI (sAmalaDI) ane bhinnabhinna rUpe jagatamAM jaNAtI (savikArI) mAyAne kavi thoDAka zabdomAM paNa sacoTa rIte mUrta kare che. mAyAnA nayanabANe "vIdhI bhUpa'. catura cetanA rAjAne samajAve che. pharIne dRSTAntonI paraMparA ! "amRtaku3i kima viSa uchalaI ?', "ravi kima varisaI ghora andhAra ? jharaI sudhAkara kima aMgArI ?" rANI bolI, "meM kari ajANI strI vIsAsu, strI kahI dorI viNa pAsu." mAyAnA raMgamAM raMgAtA jatA rAjAe - jIve - potApaNuM khoyuM. kAyAnagarImAM rahetA rAjAe badhuM kAmakAja manaamAtyane soMpI dIdhuM. mana ane mAyA maLI gayAM. eka taLapada dRSTAnta dvArA kavi vAtane mUrta kare che : "vAnaraDau naI vIchIi khAdhu." A bannenA prapaMcathI rAjA kAyAne koTaDe baMdhAyo." mananI be rANIo, pravRtti ane nivRtti. pravRtti rANInuM tAdRza citra kavi Ape che. pravRtti svabhAvi uchAMchalI, rAjakoji hIMDaI Akuli. pravRttinI caDhavaNIthI mane nivRtti ane putra vivekane dezavaTo Apyo. mana, pravRtti ane mAyAno have trikoNa racAyo. kathAnI sahaja gatine rokI have kavi kAMIka bIjuM citra Ape che. kedamAM rakhAyela rAjAnA vilApane kavi varNave che. suNi ni rANI !" tathA "sAMbhalI cetanA ahi thayA chauM nirAdhAra' A be vilApagIto viSAdabhAvane mUrta karavAmAM UNAM Utare che. rAjAnAM vacanone rANIe Apelo uttara, tumha milI mAyA, maha kAja? jima sahAvAI tima sahau mana mehatAnI rAja. premALa patnInA gauravane jALavato nathI. pravRttiputra mohanI avidyAnagarInuM varNana juo : * avidyA nagarI, gaDha ajJAna, tRSNA khAI, moTuM Ana. * viSaya vyApe vAru ArAma, maMdira azubhA mana pariNAma. mamatA pAddha taNI rakhavAli, kumata sarovara, mithyA pAli. vicArazUnya prajAno ahIM vAsa hato. nirvicAra nivasaI tihAM loka, thoDaI ucchava, thoDaI zoka, tiNi nagaraI Iki dhAI dhasaI, eki tAM TehaDaTeDa hasaI.

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jayazekharasUriracita tribhuvanadIpaka prabaMdha' ] 243 jaDa mAnavInI ajJAnajanya upahAsavRtti haDahaDa hasaI e traNa zabdomAM kavie kuzaLatAthI mUta karI che. mohanI patnI durmatine cha bALako hatAM. kAma, rAga, dveSa (putro) ane nidrA, adhRti ane mAri (roga) e traNa dIkarIo. A nagarImAM nirguNono vasavATa hato, rAjyamAM cArvAka ane chagha purohitonuM mahattva hatuM. A bAju nivRtti ane viveka pravacanapurI pAse AtmArAma vanamAM rahetA vimalabodhane tyAM AvyAM. vimalabodha emanI sumati nAme dIkarIne viveka sAthe paraNAvI. viveka ane sumatinuM joDuM kevuM hatuM ? zazI viNa pUnima lAjai vAhI, punima viNa zazI khar3au thAI candra ane pUrNimAnI anyonyapUrakatA dAmpatyanirUpaNamAM kevI sAthe bane che ! tyAra pachInI A paMktinI sAttvika sugaMdha atIva manohArI lAge che : sukula puruSa sukulINI nAri, bihu joDI thoDI saMsAri. rAjA arihaMtanI kRpAthI viveka puNyaraMga pATaNano rAjA banyo. arihaMtanA sAmaMta sadupadezanI dIkarI saMyamazrI sAthenA lagnathI vivekanA sarva zatruo nAza pAmavAnA bhAvi kathanathI. ghaNI AnAkAnI sAthe. sumatinI ja saMmatithI, viveka saMyamazrI sAthe paraNavA taiyAra thayo tyAM ja. mohaputra kAme vasantanA sathavAre vivekane vicalita karI mUkavAnI kAmagIrI karI. kAme "parihariya puruSa tiNi vikaTa vIra, saMgrahI nAri komala zarIra." ramaNIya nArIonA sainyane varNavavAno kavino rasAbhAsI prayatna pragalma lAge che. tihi kesapAsa siri sirakaThAmi, paTTauli pahiri kavaca kAmi. cakAyuddha kaMkaNa cAlavantI, asi vara jima biDala kari dharanti. kAmadevanI vijayayAtrA vinoda, AbhAsI zRMgAra, ane kRtrima prasaMgone kAraNe sacoTa jaNAtI nathI. sarasvatIne eka bAju rAkhI sAvitrInA netRtva nIce kAme brahmAne jItyA. pachI jamunAtaTe gopIonI phojathI kRSNane vaza karI. kailAsamAM jaI zaMkarane pArvatI sAthe paraNavA majabUra karyA. A nimitte jayazekharasUrie yamunAkinAre ramAtA rAsanuM kAMIka sajIva zabdacitra ApyuM che. thiru thiru ho thinakaI sAmalA' e UrmigIta kavizakti sUcita kare che. jimajima jamunAtaDi milaI goyAliNI gamAri, timatima nAcaI navia piri nisi nirmalI murAri. AvI gatizIla paMktio narasiMhapUrvanA gujarAtamAM prasarelA bhaktisaMskAro vyakta kare che. kAmadeva ane mahAdevano saMvAda kRtrima ane aucityahIna lAge che. disi pahiraNi patraga zRMgAra, ruDamAla akhta hiyaDa mAla' A zivavarNana svAbhAvika che. paraNyA pachI pArvatI 'pATu sADI sAvaTAM naI navaraMga ghATa' lAvI ApavAnuM kaheze to A digRvastradhArI saMnyAsI kevI rIte lAvI zakaze ? ane emAM paNa pArvatI

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244 | madhyakAlIna gujarAtI jaina sAhitya jiNi vAtaI UNI huI, tiNi mAMDaI rADi." paurANika pAtrone prAkRtarUpe nirUpavAmAM premAnaMda prathama kavi ja nathI ! ahIM paNa e tattva che. ahIM pravacanapurImAM saMyamazrI ane vivekanAM lagna yojAyAM. kavi laukika vidhio TUMkAmAM varNavI kahe che : "ANanTihiM vihasIya bihu hiyAM re.... viveka ane saMyama maLe eTale yuvAnI zobhe. game tevAM pralobhano upara vijaya meLavI zakAya. saMyamazrIne sAthe laIne viveka mohane jItavA nIkaLyo. zatruMjayanA parisaramAM viveka ane moha vacce yuddha thayuM. kavie yuddhacitrane ojasvatI vANImAM nirUpyuM che. 'trahatrahanti trambaka apAra, DhamaDhamatti DhakkA anivAranI cAraNI zailI ke dala cAla sAyara chalachalai, meINi DolaI, giri laTalaI' jevI alaMkAralIlA ke rudhirapUri ratha tANyA jAI, sira tUTai, dhaDa dhasamasa jAInI "siddhahema'nA dudhanI smRti tAjI karAve evI tAdRzatA asarakAraka banI rahe che. anta mohano ziraccheda thayo. mohamAtA pravRtti nUrI marI ane mana rAjAe svecchAe dehatyAga karyo. manano putravilApa hRdayasparzI che ? bApa chatAM beTau marai, viruI e jagi vAta. vaDapaNa tAhAruM, tuM pakhaI, huM kima hoisu tAta. kAvyane anta cetanAe paramahaMsane kAyAnagarImAMthI mukta thaI, sarva kaSAyono tyAga karI potAnA khovAyelA prakAzane prApta karavA vinaMtI karI. paramahaMsa - jIvAtmA - baMdhanamukta thaI arihaMtapada pAmyo. pachI sukha hoya ja e samajAvI kAvyanA anta maLatI durAntamALA kavizaktinuM teja sUcave che. nigi phAguNi AMbu gahagaha, nigi grISami nai pUraI vahaI, bahulapakSa pUThaI zazivRddhi, Ara anantara sAgara riddhi; daDI paDinaI vali upaDaIkAmi kapura kapura ji vaDaI. tattvavaicArika bhUmikAne bahuvidharaMgI prasaMgo ane guNAtmaka pAtro dvArA rUpakAtmaka zabdarUpa ApavuM emAM kavinI kasoTI hatI. mULa saMskRta racanAno tattvabhAra haLavo karIne lokagamya bhASAmAM A racanA prajAsamUha samakSa rajU karavAnI kavinI nema kavinI madade ahIM Ave che. bhASAnI pravAhitA, chaMdaprabhutva ane dRSTAntabaLa - A traNeyanA saphaLa viniyogane kAraNe tribhuvanadIpaka prabaMdha' ramaNIya rUpakakAvya banI zakyuM che. "eki tAM TehaDaTehaDa hasaImAM haDahaDa' zabdanAM ke 'veDhii, teDii tADaI teu, jhaDapaOM; jhUjhaI, jhubaI behUmAM zabdonA varSonI dhvaniyaMjakatA, jimajima jamunAtaDi milaI govAlaNa gamAri e paMktiono nAcato. gatizIla laya, zazI viNa pUnima lAjai vAhI, punima viNa zazI khaMDaI thAi'nI alaMkAralIlA dvArA vyaMjita thatI dAmpatyajIvananI garimA ane anyonyapUrakatA, ghevara mAMhi dhRta Dhalika, thAhara jotAM sagapaNa mIliuM' ke vAnaraDaI naI vIchII khAdhu jevI dRSTAntalIlA, "je anyAyi melII, te dhana suthira

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jayazekharasUriracita 'tribhuvanadIpaka prabaMdha' 245 na hoi, ghora pApa jiNi vAvai, tiNi kuli udaya na joi' jevI upadezagarbha paMktio ke kAvyAtte 'svAmi Apai Apa vimAsi, uTha, zakti ApaNI prakAzi'nI prerakatA A racanAne ramaNIya banAve che. mAtrAbaMdha ane layabaMdha banne prakAranI chaMdaracanAmAM paNa kavinI pAkaTa hathoTIno anubhava thAya che. caupai, dUhA, padmaDI, caraNAkula, vastu, dhaula Adi apabhraMzaprApta chaMdo, upajAti jevo akSarameLa chaMda ane vacce maLatA prAsAtmaka gadya bolI nA upayoga dvArA chAMdika abhivyaktinA vaividhyano paNa A racanAmAM anubhava thAya che. AvA sundara rUpakakAvya vize ekabe muddAo vicAraNIya jaNAya che. AvA tAttvajJAnika rUpakakAvyamAM paramahaMsa, cetanA, viveka jevAM guNAtmaka pAtro Ave e to samajAya tema che paNa guNAtmaka pAtronI sAthe paurANika, aitihAsika pAtrono viniyoga keTalA aMze ucita lAge te prazna che. guNAtmaka pAtrone rUpaka pAtra ane aitihAsika-paurANika pAtrone prarUpapAtra tarIke oLakhAvI zakAya. yazarAjakRta moharAjaparAjaya'mAM hemacandra ane kumArapALa jevAM aitihAsika prarUpa pAtro maLe che. guNAtmaka rUpakapAtro - cetanA, viveka Adi - to saMpUrNatayA kAlpanika pAtro che. zrotAvarga paNa A samajIne ja kAvyane mANato hoya che. paNa tri.dI.'mAM maLatAM kRSNa ane zaMkara jevAM pAtrone amuka rIte vartatAM joI vAcakapakSe kevo anubhava thato haze ? koI rasavikSepa thato nahIM hoya ? prajAdayamAM amuka paurANika pAtra vize amuka cokkasa prakAranI chabI UbhI thayelI hoya che. TAgore kaheluM tema purANapAtra ke daMtakathApAtra itihAsapAtra karatAMya, prajAdayanI dRSTie, satyatara hoya che. sItA ke rANakadevI jevAM pAtro vize prajAnI bhAvanAtmaka chApa hoya che. AvA sarvajanavidita bhAvanAsatyane ulaTAvI nAkhavAthI rasabhaMga thAya che. premAnaMdanuM rasAtmaka kathAkathana te kALanA janahRdayane jItI letuM haze, paNa kAmAtura naLanI virUpa ceSTAo, jasodAnI prAkRta uktio, 'abhimanyU AkhyAna'nA kRSNanAM kAryo tatkAlIna zrotAo kevI rIte jhIlatAM haze ? A paristhitine madhyakAlIna janamAnasanuM ke je-te vimAnasanuM pariNAma gaNIzuM ? madhyakALe tulasI paNa ApyA che ane tulasIe rAma ApyA che e bhulAvuM na joIe. zrI. nagInadAsa pArekhe paurANika pAtronI lokottaratA vizenI premAnaMdanI samaja ane enA nirUpaNa vize zaMkA to karelI che ja. kavi jayazekharasUri paurANika pAtrone kAMIka haLavAzathI nirUpatA jaNAya che. kAmadeve enI vijayayAtrA daramiyAna brahmA, kRSNa, zaMkarAdine kAmabaLe namAvyA. kavine jagatamAM kAmanuM prAbalya nirUpavuM che. kavino Azaya spaSTa ane svaccha che. jayazekhara kAmadeva ane zaMkarano saMvAda vinodI rIte nirUpe che. lokabhogyatAnA kavinA irAdAnI dRSTie A ucita che. paNa ziva kAmanA pratApe pArvatInA rUpathI parAjita thaI emanI sAthe paraNyA AvuM nirUpaNa vAcakanA haiyAne keTaluM goThe e prazna che. zivapArvatInuM lagna e 7 = - --

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246 ] madhyakAlIna gujarAtI jaina sAhitya kAmavijayanuM nahIM, pArvatInA tapovijayanuM pariNAma che. jayazekharasUrie tapaprabhAvane nahIM paNa saundaryaprabhAvane mahattva ApyuM che. gaMbhIra tattvavicArane rUpakakathAmAM nirUpavA mAgato kavi Avo vaicArika vyutkrama nirUpe e ucita jaNAtuM nathI. - tattvavicArane rUpakakArUpe rajU karavAmAM kavipakSe sajAgatA jarUrI che. tAttvika vicAradhArAnA ane kathAnA Ama be prakAra aucityane sAcavavAmAM rUpakavi kyAreka bhUla karI bese e samajAya ema che. jayazekharasUrie cetanAne paramahaMsa rAjAnI rANI gaNAvI cetanA ane paramahaMsa vacce bhinnatA - TUMkatatvano saMketa karyo che. A be judI vyaktio hatI ema ahIM sUcita thAya che. paramahaMsa jIvAtmA ane cetanAne bhinna gaNavAmAM tAttvika aucitya jaLavAyuM jaNAtuM nathI. caitanya e to jIvasvabhAva ja che. kathA prayojavA mATe tattvavicAra ahIM saheja maraDAyo. eka-be sthaLe kathAtaMtuo paNa ubhaDaka rIte vikasatA jatA jaNAya che. kAvyanA prAraMbhamAM ja nivRtti ane viveka mAbeTai bii lIdhu videsa' ane mana-pravRtti-mAyAno trikoNa AnaMda karavA lAgyo tyAM tarata acAnaka kavi lakhe che, 'sIkha saMbhArI cetanA taNI, ruliu rAu roi ima bhaNI.' manamAyAnI vAtamAMthI kavi akasmAta paramahaMsanA vilApa upara AvI jAya che. prasaMgonA kAryakAraNanuM anusaMdhAna jaLavAtuM nathI. yuddhamAM vijaya prApta thayA pachI vivekanI kathA maLatI nathI. kiva ubhaDaka rIte vivekavijaya pachI cetanAnA paramahaMsa pratyenA udgArone varNave che. zrI ke. ha. dhruve ucita noMdhyuM che tema "paramahaMsa ane cetanAnA tAra hAthamAM letAM viveka ane arihaMtarAyanA tAra kavinA hAthamAM ramatAramatA sarI paDe che." prasaMgonA ke uktionA AvA paurvaparvanA abhAvanuM eka saMbhavita kAraNa e hoI zake ke mULa racanAnI hastaprata utAratAM ke hastaprata upa2thI vAcanA taiyAra karatAM amuka lITIo paDI gaI hoya. zrI dhruve "A kAvyanI pacAseka kaDI je ochI jarUranI ke ochI phruTa jaNAI te mUkI dIdhI che" ema noMdhyuM ja che. (A racanAnI adyApiprApta hastaprato meLavI enI uparathI kRtinI adhikRta vAcanA taiyAra thAya to - tyAre A muddAno ukela maLI zake.) 10 potAnA kAvyaupakrama paratve jAgrata evA kavi jayazekharasUri mATe AvI bhale eka-be - maryAdAo nivArI zakAya ema hatuM. saMskRta racanAnA A gujarAtI navaavatAramAM mULa kRtino tattvabhAra ane vIgatajhINavaTano lezamAtra anubhava thato nathI. dRSTAntamaya prAsAdika bhASAmAM rUpakakathA rasaLatI gatie AgaLa vadhatI jAya che, prasaMgo rasamaya rIte nirUpAtA jAya che, rUpakanuM pota ghaTTa ane raMgIna banatuM jAya che. pAtromAM vaicArika tattvono adhyAropa ane e pAtronA rasamaya ane lokabhogya nirUpaNathI A prayoga suphala -

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jayazekharasUriracita "tribhuvanadIpaka prabaMdha' e 247 banI rahe che. kavinI khudanI A AtmazraddhA, tribhuvanadIpaka eha prabaMdha, pApa taNI sAsu huI na gandha' sAcI nIvaDe che. zrI kezava harSada dhruvanAM A tAraNo sAthe A kRtino koI paNa vAcaka sahamata thaze ja : "saMskRta kavi tarIke jayazekharanuM je sthAna hoya te ho. gujarAtI kavi tarIke to teno darajjo UMco che. A eka ja gurjara kAvyathI jaina kavi prathama paMktino sAhityakAra bane che." "jainetara sAhityanI peThe jaina sAhitya cakalecauTe gavAyuM hota, to jayazekharasUrie paNa bhAlaNa ane premAnaMda jevI prasiddhi lokamAM meLavI hota."11 pAdaTIpa 1. "pra.ciM." saMvat 1462 (I.sa.1406)mAM lakhAyuM che. emAM keTalAka pheraphAra karI tyAra pachInAM varSomAM tripadI.' racAyuM che. Ama 'tripadI.' e "prAciM.' pachInI racanA che. zrI dhruva A mATe "IsvI paMdaramA zatakanA pahelA caraNamAM" ema moghama paNa yogya rIte noMdhe che. zrI ke. kA. zAstrI saMvata 146ra ja lakhe che ('kavicarita', prathama AvRtti, pR.305). 2. paMdaramA zatakanAM prAcIna gurjara kAvya, e. ke. ha. dhruva, prastAvanA, pR.22 3. gujarAtI sAhityano ItihAsa (graMtha-1), saM. umAzaMkara jozI vagere, pR.287 4. paMdaramA zatakanAM prAcIna gurjara kAvya, prastAvanA pR.23 4. Prabodhchandrodaya of Krishna Misra, Ed. Sita Krishna Nambiar, Chapter 1, Page 2 6. A yAdI saMpUrNa nathI ja. jayazekhara pachInA kALamAM gujarAtImAM kamizranA saMskRta nATakano padyasAra kavi bhImakRta "prabodhaprakAza' (1890)mAM maLe che. jaina kavi sahajasuMdararacita "AtmarAja rAsa', dharmamaMdirata "lokavivekano rAsa', premAnaMdakata viveka vaNajAro', jinadAsano vyApArI rAsa', jIvarAma bhaTTakRta 'jIvarAja zeThanI musApharI A yAdImAM noMdhI zakAya. 7. premAnaMda, pravezaka, pR.23-24 8. "prabodhaciMtAmaNi'no gujarAtI anuvAda ApanAra kavi dharmamaMdira emanI racanAmAM zaMkaramukhe Ama kahevarAve che nAra thakI huM bIhato. parvata beTho Apa. tapasI jogI jANIne mUka tuM madanarAya. (mohaviveka rAsa' - jaina kAvyadohana, bhAga-1, saM. manasukhalAla ravajIbhAI mahetA, zrI jaina dharmaprasAraka sabhA, bhAvanagara). DAM. sAMDesarA A racanAne lokavivekano rAsa' tarIke oLakhAve che. (pAdaTIpa 3 ane 4) 9. paMdaramA zatakanAM prAcIna gurjara kAvya. sa. kezava harSada dhruva. prastAvanA, pR.36 10. ejana, pR.42 1. ejana, pR.32 ane 33

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pRthvIcandracarita"nI kathanarIti - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - kanubhAI jAnI narasiMhanA kALe ja, I.sa.1422mAM lakhAyela "pRthvIcandracarita'nI paMcaullAsabata kathA mAtra madhyakALanI ja ke jaina sAhityanI ja nahIM gujarAtI sAhityanI eka praziSTa gadyakRti che. narasiMha jema Adikavi, tema mANikyasuMdarasUrine kahI zakAya Adi ziSTa gadyakAra. te mukhyatve AkarSe che temAMnA kathArasane kAraNe nahIM, paNa gagchaTAne kAraNe. kathAmULa "kathAsaritsAgaramAMnA 'alaMkAravatI' nAmanA navamA lambakanA prathama taraMgamAM pRthvIrUpa ane rANI rUpalatAnI kathAnA rUpamAM maLe che, eTale graMthakAre dharmopadeza mATe lokakathA prayojI che e spaSTa bane che. A kathA saMskRta, prAkRta, apabhraMza ane madhyakAlIna gujarAtImAM anekoe prayojI che, paNa e badhImAM mANijyasuMdarasUrinI zreSTha che. graMthakAra lokabolIthI, lokakathAkathananI rUDha lokapracalita keTalIka prayuktiothI, saMskRta-prAkRta bhASAo ane sAhityanI potAnI sajjatAthI prabhAvita kare che. kathA likhita che, chatAM kathya-zrAvya che - vAMcIne saMbhaLAvI zakAya che. kathA kahevAtI hoya tevuM lAge. sAthosAtha zrotAne ziSTatAnA raMgovALI bhASA ane sAmagrI maLyA kare. AraMbhe. aMte ne vacamAM saMskRta zlokanAM traNacAra chAMTaNAM che, to vacamAM (pAMcamA ullAsamAM) vAjiMtronI TIpa che tyAM prAkRta che. ("uddhamatANe zaMkhANa... pavAijjatANuM.") katanI bahuzrutatA ahIM anekavidha kAme lAgI che. kathAnuM ullAsomAM vibhAgIkaraNa kathAvRSTie koI cokkasa AyojanapUrvakanuM lAgatuM nathI. kathA saLaMga vahe che. alabatta enA sAteka tabakkA paDI jAya che. (1) pRthvIcandraparicaya ane ene Avela svapna ke koIka bALA varamALA paherAve che. tyAM ja eno nidrAbhaMga. (2) tyAM ja ayodhyAnA somadevanI kuMvarI ratnamaMjarInA svayaMvaranuM nimaMtraNa laIne dUta Ave che ne ratnamaMjarInuM haMsa dvArA haraNa ane enI punaHprAptinI camatkArika vAta mAMDIne kare che. (3) pRthvIcaMdra kaTaka sAthe svayaMvare javA nIkaLe che. rastAmAM ghora aTavimAM sau aTavAya che tyAre camatkArika ugAra thAya che. rastAmAM, cora mAnIne jenI pAchaLa samaraketunA sainiko paDyA che e zrIdhara, pRthvIcandrane zaraNe Ave che ne ene ugAravA jatAM samaraketu sAthe pRthvIcaMdrane yuddha karavuM paDe che. emAM hAra hAthaveMtamAM hoya che tyAM koI daivI puruSa pragaTI ene jitADe che ne samaraketu baMdI bane che. paNa

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pRthvIcandracarita'nI kathanarIti | 249 pRthvIcaMdra ene mukta kare che. zrIdhara paNa mukta bane che. (4) tyAre zrIdhara mAMDIne potAnI ApavItI kahe che : dhananA Dhaga hatA tyAM badhuM khedAnamedAna thatuM joI ene vairAgya vyApyo. emAM tyAM cAraNa zramaNa AvatAM zrIdhara ane samara banne dIkSA le che. (5) Akhare pRthvIcaMdra svayaMvara (ayodhyA) varamALa prApta kare che. paNa e ja TANe dhUmaketu vaitAlanI sahAye svayaMvara roLe che. aMdhakAra chavAya che. kuMvarInuM haraNa thAya che. paraMtu bIje divase prabhAte maMDapamadhyethI pRthvI phATI, mahIMthI devI nIkaLI, enA khoLAmAM hatI kuMvarI. devI pAchI bhUmimAM samAI jAya che ne pRthvIcaMdra ratnamaMjarIne vare che. (6) tyAM udyAnapAlaka zrI dharmanAtha tIrthaMkara padhAryAnA khabara lAve che. udyAnapAlaka dharmanAthacaritra saMbhaLAve che. ratnapuranA rAjA bhAnunI rANIne cauda svapno bAda maLela putra te dharmanAtha. rAjA pRthvIcandra ane somadeva banne dharmanAthanA darzane jAya che, ne bodha pAme che. pRthvIcaMdranA cAra saMzayo - kuMvarIharaNa vagerenA paNa dharmanAtha dUra kare che. dharmanAtha somadeva, pRthvIcandra ane ratnamaMjarInI pUrvabhavakathA kahe che : bhRgukacchanA droNanA putro sagara ane pUraNa matsyabodhe ne pachI munibodhe virakta thayA te A bhavanA somadeva ne pRthvIcandra tathA pUrvabhavanI padmazrI te ratnamaMjarI. dharmanAthe AgAhI karI ke hathIe caDavA jatAM pRthvIcaMdrane kevalajJAna thaze. (7) aMte evuM ja banyuM. kAnaDAnA rAjA sihaketuno sAmano karavA jatAM. hAthIe caDatA rAjAne thayuM ke kharo sAmano to aMtaranA ripuono karavAno che. kevalajJAna thayuM. Ama kathA sIdhIsAdI nathI. pRthvIcandra-ratnamaMjarInI mukhya kathAmAM dUte kathela somadevanI, zrIdhare kathela potAnI, udyAnapAlake kathela zrI dharmanAthanI ane dharmanAthe kathela pRthvIcandra-somadeva-ratnamaMjarInI parabhavakathA ema cAra kathAo Ave che. to ratnamaMjarInuM haMsa dvArA haraNa, daivI puruSa dvArA enI punaHprApti. aTavAyela sainyano aTavimAMthI ekAeka tatpaNa chUTakAro, samaraketune hAthe yuddhamAM hAra nizcita hatI tyAM daivI sahAyathI jIta, dhUmaketunirmita vaitAlaviplava. ratnamaMjarInuM pharIthI haraNa ane pRthvImAMthI ekAeka enI sAthe nIkaLI koI devInuM ratnamaMjarInuM pharIthI ApI javuM. rAjAnuM svapna temaja suvatAnAM cauda svapno, "e to kaheze kevalajJAnI' e ane yuddhe caDavA hastiArohaNasamaye thaze kevalajJAna' e AgAhIo - jevA camatkAro vacamAMvacamAM AvatA jAya che ane kathAne adbhutaraMgI ja nahIM avanavA vaLAMkovALI banAvyuM jAya che. emAM pRthvIcandra, dharmanAtha vagerenA dharmabodho zAntaraMganI bhAta pUre che. e bodha kathAvarodhaka nathI. kathAkathana mAMDIne kahevAtI kathAnI dhATInuM che. chatAM enuM gadya padyAnuvartI che.

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250 D madhyakAlIna gujarAtI jaina sAhitya eTale kathArasanI joDAjoDa - ane ethI vizeSa paNa - A gadya abhibhUta kare evuM che. kathAmAMDaNImAM AraMbhe je vithaMbha che te aMta najIka AvatAM raheto nathI. pahelA AkhA ullAsamAM kevI nirAMtathI paiThaNapura ane ayodhyAnAM varNana che ne chelle pRthvIcandranuM pANigrahaNa, paiThaNapuragamana, mahIdharaprApti, enuM moTA thavuM, paraNavuM. rAjyadhurA dhAraNa karavI ne rAjArANInuM dIkSA grahaNa - badhuM jhaDapathI ATopAya che. hA, pUrvabhAga kathA-prasaMgasabhara che, chelle chelle bodhasabharatA vadhatI jAya che. eka taMtue zrotAne (vAcakane) jakaDI rAkhatuM koI tattva hoya to te che katanI bhASA. A ja kathAmAM (prAcIna gujarAtI gadyasaMdarbha saMpA. jinavijayajI, prakA. gUjarAta vidyApITha, amadAvAda, saM.1986, pR.133) prathama ullAsamAM 72 kaLA ne 64 vijJAnane gaNAvatA eka vijJAna tarIke kathAkAre "kathAkathana'ne gaNAvyuM che, ane caturtha ullAsamAM (4,150) "munIzvara dharmakathA kahaI" ema Ave che. e prAcIna kALathI kathAkathanane apAtA mahattvano purAvo che. jaina sAdhuo 'vAcaka' eTale upadezaka kahevAya. eTale dharmopadezArthe kathAprayojanaprAvINya emane mATe dharmakArya vaLI e mATe cAturmAsano gALo paNa maLe. A paNa evI ekaprayojanalakSI kathA che e to AraMbhe ja spaSTa thaI jAya che. kathA kahevAI che gadyamAM. e gadya be prakAranuM che : varNako ke bolIbaddha gadya ane varNavetara kathananuM gadya. varNako ahIM eTalAM badhAM che ke enI vAta pahelAM karI laIe. DaoN. sAMDesarA to A kRtine ja "eka nAnakaDI kathAnI AsapAsa gUMthAyelo varNakasaMgraha" kahe che. (gujarAtI sAhityano itihAsa, graMtha 1, gu.sA.pariSada prakAzana, amadAvAda, 1973 pR.299) samagra kathAmAMthI saheje ekatrIsa jeTalAM varNako tAravI zakAya che. prathamollAsamAM pRthvI paranAM dvIpo ne samudro, kSetra-nadI-parvato, 84 cauTAM, nagararatno, rAjyasabhAnA sabhyo. 72 kalAo, 64 vijJAna dvitIyamAM brAhmaNo ne temanAM 18 purANo tathA 18 smRti, vAjiMtro, vastro, hAthI-ghoDA, aTavimAMnAM vRkSo-pazuonA avAjo, 36 daDAyudha: tRtIyamAM zuM-zuM caMcala che te pUrNa kone kahevAya te, virodhI vastuo (konAkonA vacce aMtara che te), zenA vinA mukti nathI maLatI te, zuM-zuM zreSTha che te. kanyAnAM AbharaNo: caturthamAM 88 graho, maMDapanI ujjaDatAnI upamAvalI. 14 svapno ne paMcamamAM pa6 dikumArikA, 17 pUjAvidhAno, 49 vAjiMtro (prAkRtamAM). ucca-nIca kuLo-vaMzo, jJAtio, kubhAya-subhAya-lakSaNo, zuM-zuM zenA-zenAthI zobhe te, zuM-zuM karavA koNa koNa zaktimAna che te. A sAmagrI be vAtanI sUcaka che : mANikyasuMdarasUri kathAkathananI rUDha rItithI mAtra mAhitagAra ja nahIM, e sAmagrI emane eTalI hAthavagI che ke potAnI kathAmAM jyAM jyAre jenI jarUra lAge te tarata tyAM mUkI de che, ane bIjI vAta, AvI

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pRthvIcandracarita'nI kathanarIti D 251 sAmagrI ahIM mabalakha pramANamAM che. ethI, evo prazna paNa thAya ke jo ATalI badhI sAmagrI kaMThopakaMTha - paraMparAmAMthI laIne ahIM gUMthI dIdhI hoya to sUrijInuM potAnuM gadya keTaluM? paNa eka to, A sAmagrI kathAmAM enA avicchedya aMganI jema gUMthAI gaI che, ane bIjuM, emAM sArI peThe vaividhya che. vaLI loka potAne paricita sAmagrIthI eka prakAranI AsAyeza anubhave che ne A sAmagrI bodhanA prayojanane puSTa kare che -- e badhuM lakSamAM letAM, ahIM tenI sArthakatA vize koI zaMkA rahetI nathI. A varNako che ja AvA upayoga mATe - A sAmagrImAM keTalIka yAdI ke TIpanA prakAranI keTalIka vizALatA ke pracuratA darzAvatI, to keTalIka bodhaka zikhAmaNavALI, anubhavakathano jevI, keTalIka vinoktio. to keTalIka upamAvalIo che. dA.ta. tRtIyollAsamAM lakSmInI caMcalatAnI vAta che. tyAM AraMbhe duho che : chAsiI kerau Aphara, dAsiI kerI neha, kaMbala kerI molIuM, khisata na lAgai kheva. pachI AvI TUMkajIvI vastuonI TIpa che e anubhavakathana jevI che : "Abha taNAI chAMha, kupurisa taNaI bAMha, ADhanau tUra, nadInuM pUra, ThAkuranI prasAda, mAkaDanI viSAda, vahIna paDIgaNI, sUpaDAnau uThIgaNauM, dIvAnuM teja, mAtreInuM heja, dAsInuM neha, zaradakAlanuM meha thoDA mehanau 2ha, vahelu AvaI che." ahIM paNa prAsa jaLavAya tema goThavavAmAM sUrijIno hAtha hoya. e pachI, judI caMcalatAnI yAdI Ape che : "jisi6 pIpalanauM pAna, jisi6 gajendranuM kAna..." vagere. ne pUrNatA konI kevI ? tyAM lekhaka kahe che : "sAMbhalau", "sAMbhaLo', "vAMco' ema nahI) "vana te je vRkSavaMta. nadI te je nIravaMta..." vagere. "jima akSara mAhi oMkAra..." vagerenI upamAvalI ke maMDapa kevo ujjaDa dekhAto hato te mATenI "jima lavaNahIna rasavatI. chedarahita kavi" vagere upamAvalI. ke "jima prAsAda zobhaI dhvajAdhAri, jima hRdaya zobhAI hari..." e upamAvalI, ke jehiM kAraNi isiluM kahIuM" kahIne pachI je kahevAyuM che - "samudri ulaMghIyAI bhAraDi. na masaI, gajendra viDArIyAI sIhi, na sasaI, viSadhara taNAM viSa jIraviyaI gurUDhi, na kUkaDaI..." e mAtra TIpa ke yAdI na rahetAM pAtra-prasaMgadarzaka mahattvakathano bane che. Ama, A paraMparAgata sAmagrIno kalApUrNa ne samucita viniyoga ahIM thayo che. A varNakone vaNI levAnI. sAMdhaNa karavAnI emanI kaLA, vakonI AgaLapAchaLanA bhAga nihALavAthI spaSTa bane che. aTavi AvI, to kathAkAra kahe che : "hiva te kisI pari varNavavI ?" ane vRkSonI TIpa ApI, pachI sameTe che : "..pramukha vRkSAvalI dIsaI, bIhaMtAM sUrya taNAM kiraNa mAhi na paisaI." moTe bhAge "kisyAM te cauhaTA.kisyAM te ratna", "kisI te bahuttari kalA', ke "brAhmaNa kavaNa

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252 ] madhyakAlIna gujarAtI jaina sAhitya kavaNa.", "kisI te smRti', "kisyAM te mahAsvapna" ema eka ja prazra, pachI uttara rUpe varNaka joDAya che ne "evuM cIrAsI cauhaTAM" ke "pramukha ratna karI dIsaI bhariyAM hATa" ema sameTAya che. kyAreka "jeha kAraNi isiluM kahIu" ema paNa Ave che, ne pachI upamAvali ke janoktimAlA Ave. Ama e lokapracalita che enI spaSTatA paNa, thaI jAya che. kartA paMcamollAsamAM (pR.156) "pirAyAM kavitva vaharAM"ne duSkRta gaNe che. emaNe pracalita zruti sAmagrI lIdhI, gUMthI, ane spaSTatA thAya tema mUkI che. ema paNa atyAre kahI zakAya ke, Ama, A varNakonuM AvI kathAnimitte saMpAdana paNa thaI gayuM che. (AvI kathAomAMnAM AvAM varNako te alaga moTo abhyAsaviSaya thavo joIe.). mANikyasuMdarasUrinuM gadya garavuM che. enI chaTA enI AgavI ja che. eno zabdarAzi vipula che. saMskRta, prAkRta ane taLapadA traNeya saMskArothI e pariskRta che. gaja te "utpAditasakalajananayanasaMtoSa" evo (4,149) ke vRSabha nirjaladhArAdharadhavala. vikasita kAzakusumasamajjala, vizAlakuda, caMdakiraNa taNI pari vizada, sUkSmasukumalaromarAjivirAjamAna, abhaMgazyAmalazuM." (4.149) evA saMskRtADhyA samAso jarUra paDye Ave che, khAsa karIne varNanomAM. paNa evA sthAno ochAM che. eTale sUrijInA gadyane bANanI dhATInuM nahIM kahI zakAya. lokabolInA taLapadA zabdaprayogo pracura mAtrAmAM che. kuMvarI "rAjA TUkaDI puhatI. lAja ThelI.. varamAlA melhI" (3,146), vageremAM che tema. eka-be apavAdarUpa sthAne prAsAyAsa khUMce paNa che : "dIThI beTI, huI paramAnaMda taNI peTI. parivarI ceTI" (2, 136). paNa niraMtara prAsayukta layakArI padayojanA e sahaja rIte karyo gayA che. jyAM jevo prasaMga tyAM tevI padAvali Ave che. vaitAla ramakhANa macAve che tyAM utpAta sAkAra cAkSusa bane evuM citrAMkana che : te khaga phITI hUu vetAla, je uMcau navatAla, kaMThAvalaMbitaraMDamAla, karatali kapAla, bumukSAbhibhUta, jisiu yamadUta. pachI juo dvipadI prAsAvalio : kAna TApara, paga chIpara, AMkhi UMDI, peTi Di; AMkhi rAtI, hAthi kAtI, vikarAla veza, mokalA keza, haDahaDATi hasaI, dharAmaMDali dharIi. (4,147) varNana ane kathana banne zailInuM gadya AvuM ekasarakhuM, moTe bhAge prAsAdithI layasaMtulanovALAM TUMkAM vAkyovALuM che. kyAMya bhAra-ubhAra nathI. kyAMka to varNana ekasUtrI thaI jAya che ? * jisyAM rAtAM pArevA taNAM caraNa, tisyAM sUrya taNAM kiraNa. (4.147) * vAdhyA krodha, jhUjhaI yodha. (2,139)

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pRthvIcandracarita'nI kathanarIti D 253 chatAM kathA varNanakhacita che. varNakone bAda karatAM paNa ahIM varNanonuM pramANa ghaNuM che. paiThaNapura ke ayodhyAdi nagaronAM varNano, betraNa rAjasabhAonAM varNano, sarovaranuM varNana, vananuM, maMDapanuM ne samosaraNanuM varNana, rAjAonuM ne kanyAnuM varNana, gajahaya-vRSabhAdi prANIonAM TUMkA varNano, prAtaHkALanAM varNano, lazkaranuM ne yuddhanuM varNana. vahANanuM varNana, vetAlanuM varNana, RtuonAM varNano - ema vividha varNanothI jANe vAta vadhe che. AmAM yuddhanuM, RtuonAM, vahANanuM, rAjasabhAnuM, vetAlanuM eTalAM varNano vizeSa noMdhapAtra che. bIjA ullAsamAM yuddhavarNana che (2,139) : cAlyAM beu dala, UpaDaI dhUlipahala; koI Apa para vibhAga bUjhavaI nahi. pitAputra sUjhaI nahIM; na jANII ApaNAM dala, na jANII pirAyuM dila na jANIyaI bhUtala, na jANItuM nabhomaMDala, na jANIi pUrva na jANI pazcima.. * * * * diggaja DahaDahiyA, DhAkabUka vAjI, baeNbArava phATI, ..vAdhyA krodha. jhUjhaI yodha... (2,139) bIjA ullAsamAM RtuvarNano che. emAMnuM aSADhanuM vAraMvAra udAharaNAya che ? kATaiyaI loha, ghAma taNI niroha, chAsi khATI, pANI vIyAI mATI.... rAtI aMdhArI, lavaI timirI... pANI taNA pravAha khalahalaI, vADI Upari velA valaI, cIkhali cAlatA zaphTa alaI, loka taNAM mana dharma Upari valaI.. kumbiloka mAcaI, mahAtmA bAMThA pustaka vAMcaI. (2,134) vahANavaTuM e kALe sahaja hatuM enI pratIti karAvatuM, vahANa kevI rIte UpaDyuM tenuM khUba suMdara varNana tRtIya ullAsane AraMbhe zrIdharamukhe Ave che ? kUukhaMbhau UbhI kIdhau, nAMgara upADiu, siDha tADi6, ghAmatIu ghAmata ulIcaIvA lAgu, vAurIU tali paTha6, nIjAmau nAli baiTha6. AulAM paDaI, sUkANI sUkANa cAlavaI, mAlima vAhaNa jAlavaI. (3140) mAMDIne cAraNI Dhabe, UMce sAde, vartamAnakALamAM che', "che' AvyA kare e rIte (AjanA gujarAtInA eka mukhya lakSaNa jevo lAgato che' - "cha"no prayoga) A kathAmAM mAtra eka ja sthaLe Ave che e noMdhapAtra che. e sthAna che. prathama ullAsamAM pRthvIcandranI rAjasabhAnuM varNana : jINi rAjasabhAM kaMkumajali chaTA dIdhI chaI, vividhamuktAphali catuSka pUriyA chaI... vagere. (1,131) e ja rIte juduM paDI jAya che bodhanuM gadya. eka zloka ane tenA vivaraNarUpa

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254 ] madhyakAlIna gujarAtI jaina sAhitya pachInuM gadya. zrI dharmanAthe pRthvIcaMdrane Apela upadezanuM gadya paNa viziSTa che... 'tINaiM' 'tINaI' duharAyA kare che. tINaI sonaI kisia kIjaI jINaI trUTaI kAna ? tINai upAdhyAya kisiuM kIja jINaI cUkaI jJAna ? **** tINai ghari kisiuM kIja jeha mAhi phUphUi sApa ? tINaI strIi kisiuM kIjaI jehatu nita saMtApa ? (5,158) AraMbhanA 'puNya lagaI'nA phakarAnI A yAda Ape che. eka padaguccha ke pada punarAvartita thayAM kare, e pada ke padaguccha pachI eka khaTako Ave ane pachIno padaguccha enA uttaramAM ke umeraNamAM raNakAra karato laya bharato cAle evI uktimAlAo AmAM ghaNI che. sAdAM TUMkAM vAkyo prAsane sahAre dvikhaMDI, trikhaMDI, catukhaMDI ema vAkyakhaMDo karIne, kathana prayojavAnI mANikyasuMdarasUrinI laDhaNa che. A prAsalIlA anekavidha che. varNanamAM tema kathanamAM paNa AvuM gadya ja prayojAya che. emanuM padaprabhutva Azcaryajanaka che. kyAreka koI kuzaLa kArTUnisTanA kArTUna jevuM, thoDeka rekhAMkane marmALuM citra e UbhuM kare che H Dhora samudra taNau DhoyaNAM Dhoyai, bAbarau badira baiThau Tagamaga joyai. emAM Dha-banA varNAnuprAso to samajyA, paNa bAbarIAnI bicArAnI lAcArI paNa paDaghAya che ! bIjA ullAsamAM brAhmaNo maLyAne TANe kahe che : pramukha brAhmaNa miliyA, zAnti karavAnaI kAraNai kalakaliyAM. ratnamaMjarI jatAM "teha sabhA, hui niSprabhA." (4,148) A vAkyono laya kyAMka to mApI zakAya eTalo vyavasthita che. A bAbatamAM AraMbhanA phakarAnuM gadya udAharaNIya che. 'lagai' uccAradRSTie dvivartI lekhIe to e paMktio niyatabhAravyavasthAvALI bane che. e Akho phakaro 10-11 varNonA khaMDovALo ne suyojita bhAravyavasthAvALo koI layabaddha padyaracanA jevo bane che. emAMnA 'puNya lagai'mAMno 'i' "ghari Rddhi siddhi" sudhI AvartAya che. puNya lagai' eka kAraNa, ne pachI kArya ke pariNAma evI kAryakAraNazRMkhalA aneka sthaLe A kathAmAM prayojAya che. vAkyomAM kyAreka AvuM kAryakAraNasaMtulana, kyAreka virodhathI saMtulana, kyAreka samAnabhAvI saMtulana ema vividha rIte vAkyakhaMDo paraspara toLAtAM cAle che. kyAreka vizeSya-vizeSaNa saMbaMdhe : "grAma, atyaMta abhirAma." AvAM vAkyomAM kriyApada anivArya nathI. bolacAlanI bhASAnuM A lakSaNa ahIM aneka sthaLe jovA maLe che. emAM rUpaka-upamAutprekSAdi paNa sahaja rIte sadhAya che : "durga, jisyAM hui svarga, Agara, sonArUpA --

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"pRthvIcandracarita'nI kathanarIti | 255 taNA sAgara." trIjA ullAsamAM thoDo saMvAda Ave che; te sivAya saMvAdo lekhake prayojyA nathI. kathA enA layalIlAmaya gadyane kAraNe, lekhake ikyuM che tema amara che ? "vAcyamAno janaistAva6 granthoDaye bhuvi nandanA."

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AcAryazrI somasuMdararacita "upadezamAlA bAlAvabodha jorAvarasiMha paramAra tapAgacchanA pacAsamA paTTadhara AcArya ane gacchAdhipati AcArya zrI somasuMdarasUri vidvAna sAdhu hatA. temaNe saMskRta-prAkRtamAM aneka padya-gadya graMthonI racanA karI che, uparAMta mahattvanA graMthonA bAlAvabodha paNa karyA che, jemAMno eka te upadezamAlA bAlAvabodha' che. mULa "uvaesamAlA' prAkRtamAM A chaMdamAM pa4ra gAthAomAM (traNa gAthAo prakSita manAya che) zrI dhammadAsagaNie racela manAya che. aupadezika sAhitya ane AcArazAstrano e sarvaprathama graMtha manAya che. temAM gurumahattva, vinaya, kSamA, ajJAnatapanuM phala, sahanazIlatA. zIlapAlana, sa tva , pAMca samiti ane nava guptinuM pAlana, cAra kaSAya para vijaya, saMyama, aparigraha, dayA ItyAdi viSayonuM rasaprada ane sadRSTAMta Alekhana thayuM che. A graMtha para lagabhaga vIsa saMskRta TIkAo, eka prAkRta TIkA tathA gujarAtamAM ghaNI TIkAo racAI che. vaLI, 'upadezamAlA' graMthanA anusaraNamAM aupadezika sAhityanI aneka svataMtra racanAo tathA temanA upara TIkAo racAI che. tenI sarvaprathama gujarAtI TIkA AcAryazrI somasuMdarasUrinI (racanA saM.1485) jaNAI che. tenI paraMparA cheka aDhAramI-ogaNIsamI sadI sudhI laMbAI che. dharmopadezamAM saMyama. zIla, tapa, tyAga. vairAgyAdi bhAvanAone pradhAnatA ApavA uparAMta komalamati zrotAonA manoraMjana mATe kathAonAM umeraNa thatAM rahyAM Ama, aupadezika prakaraNa mUlyavAna kathAono bhaMDAra banyuM. zrI dharmadAsagaNinA upadezamAlA prakaraNanI pa42 gAthAo upara dRSTAMta svarUpa Azare 310 kathAnakono saMgraha thayela che. somasuMdarasUriracita "upadezamAlA bAlAvabodha' anuvAdamAtra nathI ke nathI kevaLa TIkA, e banne che; athati sAmAnya janasamudAyanA bodha arthe te anuvAda che, AcArapratipAdaka dharmagraMthanI te TIkA che. zAstravid, anubhavI, jJAnI-sAdhu tathA yugapradhAna sAhityakAranuM te sarjanAtmaka vivecana che. yathArtha ane hRdayasparzI varNano, pratyakSa pramANa tathA udAharaNothI yukta, pUrNatAmAMthI pragaTatA saMdezane abhivyakta karatI. zraddhAyukta, preraNApUrNa hRdayanA raNakAre guMjatI jIvaMta vANI anuvAdanA gadyamAM che. kathAomAM sarjanAtmaka gadya che. kathananI rocakatA ane lAkSaNikatA. kutUhalajAgRti ane jijJAsAvRpti. vicAra ane ghaTanAnI takapUta rajUAta, paristhiti ke pAtro - tathA tenAM saMvedano ane manobhAvonI saMkSipta chatAM pUrNa ane yathocita abhivyakti, saMkSipta, sacoTa, sajIva saMvAdo, vAtAvaraNa sarjana

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AcAryazrI somasuMdararacita "upadezamAlA bAlAvabodha' D 257 tathA citrAtmakatA, rucira chatAM saMyamI kalpanAvihAra, yathArtha ane yogya zabdaprayoga, saraLa ane prAsAdika bhASAzailI sarjakanI vidvattA tathA pratibhAnI dyotaka che. abhyAsa, jJAna tathA anubhavathI gadya samRddha ane prauDha banyuM che. lekhakanI nikhAlasatA ane cittanI prasannatA sarvatra vyApI rahe che. anuvAdamAM vizada ane vistRta kathana karavAmAM Ave che chatAM atilaMbANa anubhavAtuM nathI ke aruci janmatI nathI. mULanA hArda sudhI pahoMcI yathArtha samajUtI apAya che. dA.ta. jinavarendra zrI tIrthaMkaradeva "namiUNa" kahII namaskarI, e upadezanI mAlAzreNi bolisu. guru, zrI tIrthaMkara-gaNadharAdika tehanaI upadesiI, na tu ApaNI buddhiAM. - zrI jinavarendra kisyA chai ? idra 64. narendra-cakravartI-vAsudeva pramukha narezvara teNe arcita - 'pUjita vartAI valI kisyA chae svargamatkaMpAtAlarUpa je tri iloka tehanA gura. samyapha mokSamArga taNA upadezaNahAra chai. "usabho' kahII zrI AdinAtha, te kisiu chaI ? jaga bhaNII cauda vAtmaka loka, tehanaI cUDAmaNibhUta - mukuTa samAna vartAi, muktipada sthita bhaNI. anaI zrI mahAvIra kisi kaI ? trilokathI -- tribhuvanalakSmI - tehanAM tilaka sariSa9. tilakiI - karI jima mukha zobhaI tima paramezvari zrI mahAvIrari karI tribhuvana zobhai chaI. eka zrI AdinAtha lokahiM Aditya samAna. jima prabhAtanAM samaI Adityi karI sakala kriyAmArga pravartai, tima yuganaI dhuri zrI AdinAthii karI sakala lokavyavahAra anaI dharmavyavahAra pravattiyA. tathA eka zrI mahAvIra tribhuvana hUI cakSu bhaNI locana teha samAna che. jima locanaI karI sakala padArtha prakAza huI tima zrI mahAvari boliu je zrI siddhAMta tINAM karI bhavya jIva hRI sakala tattvAtattva vastunI prakAza huI chaI. zrI AdinAtha AgaI graMthakAra tu dUri huA teha bhaNI zrI AdinAthanaI cUDAmaNi-AdityanAM upamAna dIdhAM anaI zrI mahAvIra tINaI ji kAli TUkaDA jayavaMtA vartai tINaI karI zrI mahAvIra hiM tilaka-locananAM upamAna dIdhAM. e graMthakAranau, abhiprAya." (gAthA 2). jaI A jagamAMhi rAgadveSa na huta tau kauNa jIva dukha prAmata ? ko duHkhI na thAyata. (gAthA 129). saMsArarUpiNI kAdamanI vADa mAMhi sUara bhUMDa sUyarA sarISA je jIva. (gAthA 160) jima suNAmAMhi anubhaviu-bhogavile sukha samaI atikramile huiu - jAgyA pUThiI nathI. (gAthA 190) kasauTaI jima sonAnI parIkSA kIjaI tima siddhAMtanI parIkSA teha mAMhi lAbhaI (191). . karma rUpiNI raja tINaI karI vipramukta - rahita huMtA siddhigati - mokSagati anuttara - sarvotkRSTa - rUDI - tihAM pahuMcA aneka jIva anaI puhacisiI (gAthA 217)."

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258 ] madhyakAlIna gujarAtI jaina sAhitya kathAnA saMvAdanAM ekabe dRSTAMta "kAlasorio kRSNalezyA vartatao marI sAtamainariMga gayo. kuTuMbaparivAra sahU milI sulasa hUI kaI - tuM ApaNA bApa khATakInau kAma kira. sulasa kahai - pApa lAgai teha bhaNI hauM na karauM. kuTuMba kahai - pApa tAharauM thoDauM thoDauM amhe viMhici lesiu. pachai tehe bhaIsu dore bAMdhI pADio. sulasa thi kuThAra Apio pahilau ghAva di; pachai amhe sahU karisiu. sulasa pharasI leI ApaNau ji paga ohANio. kahivA lAgu kuThAra mAharA hAthathI piDio. mUhahUI gADhI pIDa. tumhe thoDI thoDI vihaMcIM lio. vilaMba ma karu. kuTuMba kahai - hUM bholau thio. pIDA kahinI kua levarAI chai ? isiu. - sulasa kahai -- pIDa leI nathI zakatA, pApa kima lesio ?" te jamAnAnA ane somasuMdarasUrinA pUrve thayela kharaMtaragacchanA AcArya taruNaprabhasUrinI kathAo sAthe A udAharaNakathAonI tulanA karavI joIe. te pahelAM ATalI spaSTatA hovI jarUrI che ke lekhaka somasuMdarasUrie 'upadezamAlA'mAM jeno ullekha che tene spaSTatAthI, vizadatAthI samajAvavA tathA anuvAdane bhArekhama thato aTakAvavA A kathAo udAharaNo rUpe mUkI che. mULa graMtha karatAM kathAono prabhAva vadhI na jAya tenI khUba kALajI rAkhI che. temanA ja bIjA bAlAvabodha yogazAstra ane SaDAvazyakamAM temaNe racelI kathAo moTI tathA kalAtmaka saMyojanavALI che. tyAM kathA svataMtra kalAkRti banI zake che. 'upadezamAlA bAlAvabodha'mAM udAharaNarUpa laghukathAdeha che. 'yogazAstra'nA zrI somasuMdarasUkRita bAlAvabodhamAM uparanI ja kAla soriA khATakInI kathA ahIMnA karatAM vizeSa kalA-sauMdaryavALI che. e ja kathAno 'yogazAstra-bAlAvabodha' no aMta "balAtkArii mahiSa mAravA bhaNI sulasahAthi kuThAra Apiu. sulisa te kuThAra UpADI ApaNI ji jAMgha chedI. mUrchA AvI paDau. mUrchA valI pachauM kahivA lAgau aho svajano ! mAharai piMga gADhI pIDA te tumhe thoDI thoDI viheMcI saghalAi liMu, jisii hauM pIDarahita thAuM. sagA-saNIjA kahai sulasa, teM bholau thiuM. kahinI pIDa kuNaha kima levarAi chai ? -- valI sulasa kahai - etalI pIDa mAtra tumhe leI nathI sakatA, mAharauM pApa tumhe kema leata ? kuTuMbana+ kAraNe pApa karI ekalau hauM nariMga duHkha sahauM, tumhe AhAM ji hisiu. teha bhaNI kulakramAgatai AvI hiMsA hauM nahIM ka2uM. bApa jai AMdhalau huI tau beTai AMdhalai havau ? bApa jai kUi paDI kUMu, tau beTai kU

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AcAryazrI somasuMdararacita "upadezamAlA bAlAvabodha' D 259 paDI marivauM? AcArya somasuMdarasUrinA gadyanA dhyAna kheMcatA traNa guNo te temanI varNanazailI, bhASAsAmarthya ane alaMkAraracanA temanI kathAomAM vastu tathA pAtranI sArI evI mAvajata karelI hoya che. kalpanA tathA bhAvAlekhanamAM teo UMcA prakAranI sarjakazakti dharAve che. kathana kalAtmaka, pAtro nityaparicita mAnavI jevAM, jIvana ane samAjanuM darzana UMDuM, vizada ane talasparzI, vArtAmAM rasanI jamAvaTa karI de. bhASA ane alaMkArabhabhakathI viddhadUbhogya sAhityasarjana karI vAcakane AMjI de. eka udAharaNa joIe. te che, sarpadaMzathI mRtyu--kha putra pAse besI vilApatI daridrI DosInuM ane kathAnA aMtamAM AvatA camatkAra-prasaMganuM. DokarI paNa sa ekaliye ji zokazaka saMkalita citta hUMtI tihAM rahI. putra taNaI karNamUli hoI karI jima digaMganA rahaI paNa rudanu AvaI tima karuNasvari "hA putra, haMsa, haMsa !' isI pari addhAMta svAMta bolAvatI hUMtI kiNihiM eki mahAsaMtApa saMtApitAMga hUtI sakala rAtri atikamAvaI. "supta vatsa, haMsa, haMsa, UThi. isI pari putra AgaI bhaNatI teha Dokari rahai. jima eka gamatuM pUrvadisi-mukha-zobhAvataMsu haMsu sahasakaru Ugiu, tima tehanI putra bIjai gaI haMsu paNa UThi8. tau pAchaI kamaLavaNa jima tiNi samaI vihasaI tima teha Dokari taNAM nayana paNa vihasiyAM..." vikramanI paMdaramI sadImAM racAyela A kRti te sadInA gadyano paricaya Ape che. somasuMdarasUrinuM gadya A kRti uparAMta temanI anya kRtiomAM mukta rIte vicaratuM jovA maLe che. sAhityika gadya ApavA uparAMta temaNe viziSTa gadyazailI ApI che. temanI kRtionA gadyanAM zabdabhaMDoLa, sUkto tathA vyAkaraNano abhyAsa paNa thayo che. temanAM gadya ke zailImAM kRtrimatAno sadaMtara abhAva che. sarvatra saraLatA, sAdagI, spaSTatA, pavitratA tathA zuddhinI maheMka, aMtarano svAbhAvika avAja. vicAranI svataMtra tathA pratItyAtmaka rajUAta; temaja vAcana, ciMtana-manana tathA anubhavamAMthI tAravelAM satyonI maulika ane sarasa rajUAta emanA gadyamAM jovA maLe che. sAdhujIvananA saphaLa abhivyaMjanAnA pratibiMba jevI svaccha sphaTika zI temanI gadyazailI temanI ghaMTAyelI kalamano akSAtkAra karAvIne temane UMcI kakSAnA gadyalekhakanuM sthAna apAve che. (A lekhamAMnAM badhAM ja avataraNo "AcAryazrI somasuMdarasUrikRta 'upadezamAlA bAlAvabodha' - eka adhyayana' e prA. DaoN. jorAvarasiMha paramAranA aprasiddha mahAnibaMdhamAMthI lIdhela che.)

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AjJAsuMdarakRta 'vidyAvilAsapavADu' : eka paricaya prAstAvika mAnavane enA AdikALathI kathA ke vArtA paratve akhUTa rasa rahyo che. enA suLa rUpe vizvanA bhinnabhinna deza, bhASA, samAja ane saMskRtinA uSAkAlathI AraMbhI AjaparyaMta kathA ke vArtAnuM sarjana ane bhAvana thatuM ja rahyuM che. bhAratamAM paNa cheka RgvedathI AraMbhI brAhmaNa, AraNyaka ane upaniSadakAlathI AvuM kathAsAhitya ke vArtAsAhitya sarjAyeluM che. saMskRta-prAkRta sAhityamAM to 'bRhatkathA', 'vasudevahiMDI' 'bRhatkathAzlokasaMgraha', 'kathAsaritsAgara', 'bRhatkathAmaMjarI', vaitAlapaMcaviMzati' ityAdi aneka kathAgraMtho ke vArtAgraMtho prApta thAya che. kanubhAI zeTha prAcIna ane madhyakAlIna gujarAtI sAhitya paNa A vAraso jALavI rAkhe che. I.sa.12mI sadIthI AraMbhI AjaparyaMta AvI aneka vArtAo jaina ane jainatara kavio dvArA racAI che. atre AvI adyayAvat aprasiddha kRti AAsuMdarakRta vidyAvilAsa pavADu' (I.sa.1460)no paricaya karAvavAno upakrama che. kathAparaMparA ane prastuta kRti prAcIna-madhyakAlIna jaina sAhityamAM vidyAvilAsanI kathA aneka kavione hAthe racAyelI maLI Ave che. A kathA saMskRta pagha ke gadyamAM ke prAkRtamAM svataMtra rUpe ke dRSTAMta lekhe maLI Ave che. A kathA sarva prathama ApaNane saMskRtamAM vinayacaMdrakRta 'mallinAtha caritra'1 (I.sa.1230) antargata "murkhacaTTa ane vinayacaTTa'.nI upakathA tarIke jovA maLe che. rAsa pa prAcIna-madhyakAlIna gujarAtImAM UrANaMdasUriSkRta vidyAvilAsa pavADo' (I.sa.1429), AjJAsuMdarakRta 'vidyAvilAsa pavADu" (I.sa.1460), ajJAtakRta vidyAvilAsa copAI (I.sa.1575), kavi mANekakRta vidyAvilAsa (I.sa.1616), kavi jinaharSakRta vidyAvilAsa rAsa' (I.sa.1655), amaracaMdrakRta'vidyAvilAsa caratra rAsa (I.sa.1689), RSabhasAgarakRta vidyAvilAsa rAsa'8 (I.sa.1784), tathA zAmaLakRta vidyAvilAsinI vArtA' athavA vidyA-vinecaTTanI vAta (I.sa. 18muM zataka)mAM A vidyAvilAsanI kathA alpabhede samAnapaNe prApta thAya che.

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AjJAsuMdarakRta "vidyAvilAsapavADu' : eka paricaya | 21 Ama A kathA prAcIna madhyakAlIna sAhityamAM lokapriya hoya ema jaNAya pratavarNana A kRtinI eka prata lAlabhAI dalapatabhAI bhAratIya saMskRti vidyAmaMdira, amadAvAdanA hastaprata graMthabhaMDAranA munizrI puNyavijayajI graMthasaMgrahamAM kramAMka 2199 tarIke saMgrahAyelI che. ahIM prastuta kRtino paricaya te prata parathI ApavAmAM Avyo che. pratamAM kula 26 patro ane 336 kaDIo che. patranuM mApa 28.0 4 11.0 se.mi. che. pratyeka patramAM daza paMktio che. patrano kramAMka jamaNI bAjue hAMsiyAmAM darzAvyo che. patranI sthiti sArI che. AraMbhamAM bIjuM kazuM nathI, kAvyano ja sIdho AraMbha thayelo che, aMte "itizrI vidyAvilAsa rAsa, bhagava. saubhAga zrI gaNi celI ratnazrI etadartha likhita, upAdhyAyazrI jasasuMdaraguru ziSya u. saMvegasuMdaragaNibhi, cha' lakheluM maLe che. te parathI AnI nakala upAdhyAyazrI jasasuMdara gurunA ziSya u. saMvegasuMdaragaNie karelI che, ema kahI zakAya. pratano lekhanasamaya prApta thato nathI, paNa lekhanapaddhati anusAra te anumAne sattaramAM zatakano hoya ema lAge che. kAvyanA kartA : upAdhyAya AjJAsuMdara kata ke kavinA nAma ke guruparaMparA vize kAvyanA aMtima bhAgamAM kharataragaccha jinavadhanasUri, tAsa sIsa bahu harikha puri. 334 zrI AjJAsuMdara uvajhAya, navarasa kiddha prabaMdha subhAya.. saMvata panaraso bottaraI varasi, raciu rAsa eha surasi 335. e pramANe maLatA ullekha parathI A kRtinA kata kharataragacchanA zrI jinavardhanasUrinA ziSya AjJAsuMdara upAdhyAya che. kRtimAM prApta ullekha parathI kAvyanI racanA saMvata 1516 (I.sa. 1460)mAM thaI che ema kahI zakAya. kAvyano baMdha 336 kaDIno A kAvyano paghabaMdha mukhyatve duhA-copAI tathA keTalAMka sthAne DhAladezI (kaDI 89-96, 145-150, 248266)no ne kvacit "vastuchaMda tathA padhaDachaMda'no che. vaLI vacce prAkRta gAthAo (kaDI 337-341) paNa jovA maLe che. vidyAvilAsa rAsa : eka kAvya tarIke 336 kaDInA A rAsakAvyamAM vaNya viSaya vidyAvilAsanA caritrane nirUpavAno che. mukhya ghaTanA A pramANe che: ujeNInagarInA rAjA jaganIkanA rAjyamAM dhanAvaha zeTha che. tene cAra putro

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22 D madhyakAlIna gujarAtI jaina sAhitya che. dhanasAra, sAgaradatta, guNasAra ane dhanasAgara. dhanAvaha dvArA putronI kasoTI karavAmAM AvatAM nAnA putra dhanasAgare rAjAne mArIne rAjya paDAvI levAnI vAta karatAM dhanAvaha zeThe ene gRhamAMthI kADhI mUkyo. gRhatyAga karI nIkaLela dhanasAgara jayasAra vaNajhArAnI sAthe siripura AvI pahoMcyo. nagaramAM guru pAse vidyArthIone abhyAsa karatA joI te abhyAsa arthe guru pAse rahyo. paNa tenI aNaAvaDatane kAraNe "mUrkhacaTTanuM upanAma pAmyo. "paNa enA vinayayukta vartananA pariNAme te vinayacaTTa tarIke oLakhAyo. vinayacaTTa sAthe abhyAsa karatI rAjakumArI sohagasuMdarI tyAM ja abhyAsa karatA pradhAnaputranA premamAM paDI. rAjakumArIe pradhAnaputrane palAyana thaI javAno saMketa Apyo. paNa bhIru pradhAnaputre potAnA badale vinayacaTTane saMketasthAne mokalavAno yukti-prapaMca karyo. vinayacaTTa paNa rAjakumArIne tevI rIte paraNavA saMmata thayo. saMketa sAcavavA pAThazALAmAMthI vidAya thatAM pUrve sarasvatIdevI pAsethI vinayacaTTe vidyAvaradAna prApta karyuM. saMketasthAne varavezamAM pahoMcelA vinayacaTTane pradhAnaputra mAnIne sakhIo sohaMgasuMdarInuM enI sAthe lagna karAve che. lagna bAda rAtrinA aMdhakAramAM sohagasuMdarI ane vinayacaTa palAyana thaI jAya che. mArgamAM samaya pasAra karavA sohagasuMdarIe samasyApRcchA karatAM vinayacaTTa anuttara rahyo. mArgamAM AgaLa jatAM sUryodaya thatAM "mUrkhacaTTa'ne potAnA bharathAra tarIke nIrakhIne sohagasuMdarI kalpAta kare che. sAthe rahelI sakhI ene AzvAsana Ape che. A pachI teo mArgamAM AvatI AhaDanagarImAM rahe che. ahIM vinayacaTTe potAnI vidyAnA baLe vidyAvilAsa'nuM bahumAna - upanAma meLavyuM ane pachI anya koIthI na ukelI zakAya evo lekha vAMcI batAvI rAjyamAM vidyAvilAse mukhya maMtrIpada prApta karyuM. vidyAvilAsanI patnInuM pArakhuM karavA rAjA tizatru bhojana nimitte enA gRhe Ave che. paNa sohagasuMdarIe samAna vezabhUSAvALI anya suMdarIono yukti-prapaMca racI rAjAnA A kAryane niSphaLa banAvyuM. A pachI sohagasuMdarInuM pArakhuM karavA rAjAe potAne Avela svapna vize kRtrima vAta dvArA nagara bahAra Avela devI samakSa vidyAvilAsa ane sohagasuMdarI nRtya kare evo prapaMca karyo. nRtyasamAraMbhanA samaye sohagasuMdarIne vidyAvilAsanI sAcI oLakha sAMpaDe che. nRtyasthAnethI potAnA gRhe pAchAM pharatAM mArgamAM sohagasuMdarIe nRtyasamaye potAnI aMgulimAMthI sarI paDela mudrikA pAchI levA vidyAvilAsane pAcho mokalyo. mudrikA laIne garanALAmArge nagarapraveza karatAM sapaDaMkhathI vidyAvilAsa bebhAna banI jAya che. potAnA gRhaAMgaNA samIpe bebhAna avasthAmAM paDela

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AjJAsuMdarakRta "vidyAvilAsapavADu' : eka paricaya | 263 vidyAvilAsane kAmalatA vezyA potAnA gRhe laI gaI. te maNiprabhAve sapaDaMkhanuM jhera dUra karI vidyAvilAsane bhAnamAM ANe che. kAmalatAe A upakAranA badalAmAM ene potAnA gRhe ja rahevA vacanabaddha karyo. bAdamAM kAmalatAe vidyAvilAsane maMtrayukta dorI bAMdhI popaTa banAvI dIdho. te vidyAvilAsane divase dorI bAMdhI popaTa banAvatI ane rAtrie doro choDI manuSya banAvI rAkhatI. rAjA jitazatrue vidyAvilAsanI zodha karI paNa tene niSphaLatA maLI. zukasvarUpa vidyAvilAsa pIMjarAmAMthI chaTakI jitazatru rAjAnI kuMvarI surasuMdarI samIpa Avyo ane pachI dorI choDI nAkhatAM te vidyAvilAsa rUpe pragaTa thayo. surasuMdarIno Agraha chatAM vacanabaddha vidyAvilAsa tyAM na rokAtAM vezyAgRhe pAcho pharyo. rAjakumArI surasuMdarInA prayAsathI rAjA jitazatrunA vacanathI kAmalatA vezyAgRhethI vidyAvilAsanI mukti thAya che. vidyAvilAsanAM surasuMdarI ane sohaMgasuMdarI sAthe lagna thAya che. pachI pitAnA nagaranA rAjA jaganIkano saMhAra karI vidyAvilAsa ujajaina nagarInuM rAjya prApta kare che. mAtApitA tathA bhAIo sAthe enuM milana thAya che. nagaramAM muni ratnAkara padhAratAM rAjA vidyAvilAsa temanA darzane jAya che. potAnA pUrva bhavanuM kathana sAMbhaLI. rAjA dvArA pRcchA thatAM munie jaNAvyuM ke te AvatI covIsImAM cAritra grahaNa karI kevalajJAna prApta karI mukti meLavaze. A pachI dhana-tapa tathA sugurunI bhakti karI AyuSya pUrNa thatAM vidyAvilAsa devalokane pAmyo. - kAvyane aMte kavi potAno paricaya jinavadhanasUrinA ziSya tarIke ApI kAvya samApta kare che. kAvyanA prAraMbhamAM 'gautama gaNaharane 'pAye namI' ane sarasvatIne haiye dharI -- yAda karI kavi 'vidyAvilAsa naravaranuM caritra saMkSepamAM varNavavAno upakrama kare che. pachI kavi puNayano mahimA gAI ujjaina nagarInuM alaMkAramaMDita varNana kare che : UjeNi nagarI suprasiddhi vAsi vasaI jihAM avicala riddhi. 5 gaDha maDha maMdira poli pagAra, vAvi sarovara kUpa apAra, vADI dIsaI bahu phala phalI, loka taNaI mani pUjai ralI. 6 A pachI kavi ujjainanagarInA rAjA jaganIkanuM mAtra be paMktimAM ravAnukArI zabdothI suMdara surekha citra dore che te lakSapAtra cheH rAja karaI rAjA jaganIka, sacarAcari varataI jasa nIka. 13 aridala bhaMjaI nija bhUprANi, khUTa kharaDa siu karai vinA, dutri sahasa mayagala mayamAM, lakSa hoI hayavara sujutta. 14 zeTha dhanAvahe potAnA putranI karela parIkSA ane dhanasAgaranA gRhatyAganA

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264 D madhyakAlIna gujarAtI jaina sAhitya prasaMgane kavi zIghratAthI saMkSepamAM varNavI jAya che, te kavinI kathanakalAnI nipuNatA darzAve che. gRhatyAga karI nIkaLela dhanasAgara vaNajArA sAthe siripura Ave che, tenI vanarAInuM varNana Ama to paraMparAyukta chatAM zabdapasaMdagIne kAraNe ramya banyuM che ? saphala phalI nirakhaI vaNarAI, jotAM nayaNa anethi na jAI, kokila nAdi sarasa sahukAra, vanivani madhukaranA jhaNakAra. 39 sAga nAga putrAga livaMga, pADala pArijAta nAraMga, jAMbU keli phaNasi kadaMba, lIMbU phoga phophila bahu aMba.40 agara tagara caMdana (ta) canAra, nAgaraveli sadala dalasAra, kisimisi drAkha taNAM mAMDavA, jANe amIya taNA rasalavA. 41 nizALamAM bhaNatI sohagasuMdarInI yauvanazrInuM varNana tAjagIbharyuM che : surasuMdarI naravara kUyarI, bhaNaI tihAM sohagasuMdarI. 65 save salakSaNa mohaNaveli, haMsa harAvaI nija gati geli, sovana-vAni sukomala aMga, mukha pUnima sasi adhara suraMga. 66 nayaNa rayaNa jhabakaMti rasAla, kara azoka pallava sukumAla, pIna payodhara uri ullasaI, saravarakamali hui jisai. 67 sohagasuMdarI ane pradhAnaputra vacce thayela saMvAda enI nATayAtmaka uktine kAraNe noMdhapAtra che : tuM putrI jinavara taNI, vANiputra huM devi, joDAvADI kima milai, haMsa naI baga bavi. 74 mAyatAya dIdhA pakhaI, kima paraNevI jAi, jaI paraNuM tuM, amla taNuM kula saMhAraI rAya. 75 AmAM pradhAnaputranI bhIrutA chatI thAya che. sehagasuMdarIe jo pradhAnaputra paraNavA mATe InkAra karaze to pote agnisnAna karI Atmavilopana karaze ema jaNAvatAM viSama paristhitimAM AvI. paDelA pradhAnaputranI sthiti kavie eka dRSTAMta dvArA spaSTarekha upasAvI che : jaI paraNuM tu rAjA naDaI, nahIM kahuM tuMjha hatyA caDai, Agali dotaDI pAchali vAgha, kumara taNAI mani vasiu vidAgha 78 vinayacaTTa ane sohagasuMdarI nAsI jAya che tyAre mArgamAM sohagasuMdarI samasyA pUche che. kavie rajU karela samasyA madhyakAlIna lokakathA-paraMparAne jALavanArI che. mArge AgaLa vadhatAM rAtrino aMdhakAra dUra thatAM prabhAtanA ujAzamAM potAnA bharathAra tarIke "mUkhacaTTa'ne nIrakhIne kAramo AghAta anubhavatI sohagasuMdarInuM citra nATyAtmaka che.

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AjJAsuMdarakRta "vidyAvilAsapavADu' : eka paricaya 25 ho ho karatI paDIya kumAri, jANe karisA grahIyA mArI, nIsAsa mUkaI vikarAla, hai hai daiva haNI taI bAla. 108 bhAgu raMga hauu vikhavAda, daivi UtAriu kumarInAda, thoDaI nIri mAchi TalavalaI, tima kumarI dharaNI kharavala. 109 A kuMvarInI manaHsthitinuM varNana kavi upamAuakSA dvArA spaSTarekha kare che. vidyAvilAsa nija vidyAbaLe rAjyamAM mukhyamaMtrI tarIke nimAI rAjA vagere pAsethI bahumAna meLave che. A aMge sakhI sohaMgasuMdarIne kahe che tyAre te je uttara Ape che te enI coTadAra ukti mATe lakSapAtra che : tava bolI sohagasuMdarI, tAsa vayaNa navi kAni dharaI. ehanuM jANuM TUM parimANa, e murakhanuM ma kari vakhANa. 134 paramAratha navi jANaI loka, ajANatA bolaI phoka, ehanu nagara mAhi jasavAu, tu majha lAchi taNu sapasAu. 135 dhananaI sahuI Adara karai, jIjI karatA paya aNusara, jehanaI lAbhai parighala chAsi, teha ghari AvaI katI dAsi. 136 dhani mana cIMtyA sIjhaI kAja. dhana sapasAI varataI rAja, teha ji paMDita te guNavaMta, te sukalINA je dhanavaMta. 137 dhanano A mahimA AjanA saMdarbhamAM paNa vilokavA jevo che. vidyAvilAsane tyAM rAjA jitazatru jamavA Ave che, te prasaMganuM ane bhojanavAnagInuM varNana noMdhapAtra che : eka abhASaNa ApaI rAI, eka vIMjaNe tihAM vIMjaI vAya, baisaNi cAuri ta isaMcAI, sovanathAla, ANi eka dharai. 151 pahiluM phalahulI melhI dhaNI, tava manasA hui jamavA taNI, tIkhAM khATAM madhurAM ghaNAM, supari parIsiyAM tu sAlaNAM. 152 khAjAM tAjAM ghI-sikaM tali, vArU khAMDa adhoadhi milyAM, lADU gADUnaI anumAni, te paNi melDIyA hiva vAnovAni 153 vidyAvilAsanA surasuMdarI sAthenA vivAha-prasaMgamAM tatkAlIna lagnaprasaMganA rItarivAjanuM zabdacitra jovA maLe che. A paraMparA hajI paNa gujarAtamAM jaLavAyelI che. josIya rAI teDAvI e, vivAha lagani giNAvIu e. kukamapatrIya cihuM disihi, naravara mokalavaI hasi misihi. 248 maMDapa supari baMdhAvyA e, savi sajaNa melAvI e.. bhojana bhagati navInavI e, nIta kIja guNIyaNa garavI e. 249 gAIi gIta rasAla e, madhuriI sari abalA bAla e. luNa utAravAno ke sAsu vararAjAne poMkhe che te prasaMga rUDha ja che :

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266 ] madhyakAlIna gujarAtI jaina sAhitya luNa UtArai lahuDalI e, kulavaMtI rUpihiM ati bhalI e. vararAu toriNa AvIu e, tava sAsui vadhAvIu e. 254 lagna mATe taiyAra thayelI surasuMdarInuM zRMgAravarNana paNa paraMparAyukta ke rUDha surasuMdarIya siMgArau, sirari tela saMcAu, pIThIya aMga UtArau, kusumihiM, saisi bharAvau. 255 pahirIya gajaDiphAlI, yauvanarasa rasAlI, kira sovanamaya cUDI, lADI rUpihiM rUDI. 256 zukanazAstra anusAranA zukana aMgenA ullekho emAM maLe che H zukana hauAM je prathama prayANa, tehanAM phala saMbhalu sujANa, zukana na jaNAvai AgamabhAva, jai koI jANai tehanA bhAva. 272 vAmA tAmai vAru hima, jai paNa bolai jAtAM gAMmi, jimaNI boli vAmI hoi kuzalalAbha sukhasaMpati joi. 273 vidyAvilAsanA sainyanuM varNana tathA emAM sAmela rAya-rANAnuM varNana noMdhapAtra che : marahA je bilaharTjha turaMga, kAnhaDA suhaDA je bhiDabhaDaMta, karNATa lATa mevADa rAya, Ni pAchau niva deyaMti pAya. 281 baMgalA gUjara nara nighaTa, bhIDejA bhaDa jaya vaira thaTTa. kAsamIrA vIra triyaMka vaMka, kSatrivaTTa na cUkai je nizaMka. 282 rAyarANA milIyAM tihAM apAra, navi lAbhaI pAyaka taNA pAra, gaya gaDIyA giri samAna, kivi kAlA kivi siMdara 283 vidyAvilAse mokalela dhUtanAM vacana sAMbhaLI kopela bhUpAlanuM varNana ucita zabdapasaMdagIne kAraNe coTadAra banyuM che H dUtavayaNi kopiu bhUpAla, re re khUTau tehanuM kAla, je ahma Upari maMDai prANa, sahajii murakha te nahIM jANa. 289 tiNi hiva chaMDI saghalI lAja, sUtu siMha jagADiu Aja, zeSanAga Ni-maNi ko harai, navaprasUta vAghiNi koi dha2i. 290 be sainya sAmasAmA yuddhamAM bhIMDAya che tenuM varNana ravAnukArI zabda dvArA tAdRza bane che : chatrIsai daMDAyudha leu, yudha kAji dala milIyAM beu, gayavara gayavara sAthi+, haya haya ratha ratha pAyaka juDai. 295 vIja jema jhabaka ka2vAla, ika jhUjhatA bahu vikarAla, birasai bANaulI anivA2, gayaNagaNi kIya ghora aMdhAra. 296 bhAle vedhaI Topa sanAha, vahA~ rudhiranA pUrapravAha,

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AjJAsuMdarakRta "vidyAvilAsapavADu' : eka paricaya | 27 gAjai sIMgaNiguNa ghaNamegha, guhirA DhAla DhamakaI tema. 297 gayavara raMDamuMDa raDavaDaI, girivarizcaMga jANe kiri paDaI, hirapaMki khUpaI asavAra, eka siri paDaI loha taNI dhAra. 298 sainyano "naravarasaMhAra' vyartha gaNAvI, te aTakAvI banne rAjavIro paraspara dvandrayuddha khele che ane vidyAvilAsa rAjA jaganIkano saMhAra kare che tenuM zabdacitra kavie surekha upasAvyuM che ? dhigu dhigu e pAmara AcAra, je kijaI naravarasaMhAra, emaha hImaDaI sAlaI sAla, parapITaNaI toDa Ika gAla. 303 be dala taNAM nivAriyAM jhujha, te paNi rAjA beu sabUjha, joI kaTaka rahiyA bau keDai, aMgoaMgiI beu bhiDabhiI. 304 kaMsAlA jima beu AphalaI, oDaNa oDI Ayudha khalai, dhAI dhu idhasamasa dhasaI, aMgi sanAha, sudRDha kari karAI. 305 I rasi ullasa zarIra, tUTaI kasaNa traTTakaI vIra, hiyavaMtI jehanI jagi lIka, khagnaprahAri haNyau jaganIka. 30 nagarImAM padhArela ratnAkara muninAM darzana karavA gayela rAjA vidyAvilAne munie enA pUrvabhava saMbhaLAvyo ane jaNAvyuM ke "tuM AvatI covIsImAM caritra graha karI kevalajJAna prApta karI mukti meLavIza". te prasaMga kavie ati saMkSepamAM mAtra ekAda kaDImAM nirUpyo che ? kahaS pAmiru hU bhavapAra, bhagavana e ahu kahu vicAra, kevala tuhu jIva pAmisii, je cauvIsI hiva Avisi. 39) cAritra jiNavara hAthiI lesi, nArisahita sivapada pAmeri, tAsa vayaNa raMjila bhUpAla, kArAvaI jiNabhava. vilAsa. 36 kavi vidyAvilAsanA caritrano mahimA varNavI kAvyanI samApti kare che. Ama paraMparAne anusaranArA A kAvyamAM keTalAMka sthAne kavi AjJAsuMdaranA kavitvanI jhAMkhI thAya che te noMdhapAtra che. pAdaTIpa 1. mallinAthacaritra, vinayacaMdrakRta. saMpA. paM. haragoviMdadAsa ane becaradAsa, I.sa.1911. pR.74-87. 2. gujarAsAvalI, saMpA. ba.ka. ThAkora, mo.da. dezAI, ma.. modI, vaDodarA, I.sa.19pas pR. 88- 111. 3. AjJAsuMdarata vilAsa pau . hastaprata kramAMka 2199, puNyavijayajI graMthabhaMDAra, '! : --nava saMskRti vidAra, amadAvAda 4 vihAranI keDI, bhogIlAla ja. sAMDesarA, vaDodarA, I.sa.1945, pR.177 para

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268 madhyakAlIna gujarAtI jaina sAhitya ullekhita. 5. jaina gUrjara kavio, saMmohanalAla da. dezAI, muMbaI, 1926, bhAga. 1 pR.397. 6. jaina gUrjara kavio, saM. mohanalAla da. dezAI, muMbaI, 1931, bhAga 2, pR.82. 7. jaina gUrjara kavio, bhAga 2, pR.373. 8. jaina gUrjara kavio, bhAga 2, pR.380. 9. gujarAtI sAhitya (madhyakAlIna), anaMtarAya rAvaLa, muMbaI, I.sa.1954 pR.176.

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malayacaMdrakRta "siMghalazI caritra bhAratI vaidya malayacaMdra pUrNimA gacchanA sAdhu ratnasUrinA ziSya hatA ane saM.1519 eTale I.sa. 1463mAM hayAta hatA. ethI vizeSa koI mAhitI teonA vize upalabdha nathI. malayacaMdranI 3 racanAo upalabdha che - siMhAsana batrIsI', siMghalazI caritra ane devarAja-vatsarAja prabaMdha'. 'siMghalazI caritra' dhanadatta-dhanadeva caritra', "saMghalasIkumAra copAI athavA "dhanadeva kathA' tarIke paNa oLakhAya che. A traNeya racanA I.sa.1463nI che ane traNeya goMDaLamAM racAI che. e pachI ke pUrvenI malayacaMdranI koI racanA maLatI nathI. Ama aMtargata purAvAnA AdhAre eTaluM nizcitapaNe kahI zakAya che ke teo I.sa. 1463mAM goMDalamAM hayAta hatA. jainetara sAhitya tarapha dRSTipAta karatAM AkhyAnakAvyanA pitA gaNAtA bhAlaNanA teo samakAlIna gaNAya. jaina sAhitya te vakhate traNeka saikAthI racAtuM rahyuM hovA chatAM jaina sAhityamAM (ane jainetara sAhityamAM paNa) viSaya paratve racanAkAronI bhUmikA pAraMpArika ja rahI jaNAya che. Ave samaye bhAlaNa jevo kavi sAhityasvarUpanI paraMparAmAM rahIne naLAkhyAna, durvAsA AkhyAna, mRgAkhyAna ityAdi AkhyAno racavA sAthe kAdambarI, dazamaskaMdha jevI saMskRta racanAonA anuvAda dvArA lokonI rasaruci keLavavA mathe che. to jaina sAhityanA kSetre paNa navuM kaMIka karavAnI icchA hIrAnaMda, malayacaMdra jevA racanAkAro dvArA pragaTa thatI jaNAya che. alabatta, A kavio AkhyAnane anusaratA jaina sAhityanA rAsAprakAranI paraMparAmAMthI bahAra nIkaLI zakatA nathI. kAraNa kadAca evuM hoI zake ke jaina dharma ane tenAM vratonA mahimAnA mukhya uddezanI paripUrti mATe temaja zrotAsaMghanA mana para prabhAva pADavA mATe A prakAra atyaMta prabhAvazALI puravAra thaI cUkyo hato. Ama svarUpa paratve navuM kaMI karavAne avakAza na hato. eTale navuM kaMI karavAnA icchuka racanAkAroe bIje najara doDAvI haze. hIrAnaMda navuM kaMI karavAnI icchA ke dAvo jaNAvyA vagara saM.1485 (I.sa. 1428)mAM "vidyAvilAsa pavADau" race che. A pahelAM bharatezvara, bAhubali, jabUsvAmI, pAMDavo, pethaDa ke evI koI itihAsaprasiddha vyakti ke dhArmika puruSanA caritranuM Alekhana karatA rAsA racAtA, jIvadayA jevA ekAda vatanuM

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270 D madhyakAlIna gujarAtI jaina sAhitya mAhAbhya gAtA ke pachI koI yAtrAnuM ke yAtrAdhAmanuM varNana karatA rAsA racAtA. rAsAnA vijaya Ama maryAdita hatA. tyAre vicaTanI kathA jevI vidyAvilAsanI kathA AlekhIne eka navo cIlo pADavAmAM Ave che. A pavADAmAM dharmabodhanuM tattva bahu ja ochuM ke nahIMvat che. thoDA ja varSomAM malayacaMdra 'siMghalazI caritra'nI racanA kare che, ane navaluM kaMI kavita kareluM' evuM kahI potAnA phALA aMgenI sabhAnatA pragaTa kare che. siMhAsana batrIsI'mAM e navInatAno dAvo nathI karatA. vikramanI kathAo lokomAM pracalita haze, lokonI jIbhe AvA vIranAM nAma ne kathAo ramatAM haze. e pAtranI dAnazUratAnI kathA malayacaMdra kahI che. ane pAMca pAMDavo. zreSThionI kathA rAsAno viSaya banI zakatI eTale siMhAsana batrIsI'mAM navuM kaMI kayAno malayacaMdrano dAvo nathI. 'siMghalazI caritra'mAM kavi vikramakadhAnI asaramAMthI mukta na thaI zakyA hoya ema jaNAya che ane evAM keTalAMka kathAghaTakano viniyoga kare che, je vikramakathAnuM smaraNa karAvI jAya. te uparAMta anya lokakathAono paNa viniyoga kare che, jene pariNAme ja kadAca abhuta ane camatkAranuM tattva emAM AvI jAya che. 'siMghalazI caritra' paNa, dAnadharmanuM mahattva AlekhatI racanA che. teno nAyaka anya jaina racanAonI jema rAjaputra che. rUpaguNa saMpanna che. ane nagaranArIo enI pAchaLa ghelI che. eka vAra siMghala 'vikarAla rUdana karatI eka bAlAne bacAve che ane banne pakSe mAtApitAnI saMmati pachI tene parahe che. hAthI bAlAne uThAvI jAya. bAlA rudana kare te sAMbhaLI rAjaputra bacAvavA doDe, bacAve ane lagna kare e ghaTanAo vikramakathAnuM smaraNa to karAve ja che. paNa te sAthe. bahu pAchaLathI jANamAM AvelI "arebiyana nAITsa'nA kathAghaTakanuM paNa smaraNa karAve che. siMdabAdanI bIjI dariyAI sapharanA kathAnakamAM eka pracaMDa pakSInuM varNana Ave che, je mANasane ke pazune pakaDIne UDI zake che, moTamoTA khaDaka upADI zake che. malayacaMdrane "arebiyana nAiTsa'nI kathAonI mAhitI hatI evuM kahevAno ahIM Azaya nathI. paNa e kathAo upalabdha svarUpamAM 18mA saikAmAM siddha bhale thaI, paNa keTalAka vidvAno enuM mULa bhAratIya rUpa mAnya kare che e yAda rAkhavuM ghaTe. AgaLa (para rAtA gajasiMha rAjAnA rAsamAM ane jUnI gujarAtI. prathama gavananUpa tarIke oLakhAtA mANikyasuMdaranA "pRthvIcaMdracarita'mAM anukrame hAthI dvArA ane haMsa dvArA kanyA upADI javAnA prasaMgo AlekhAyA che. nagaranArIonI siMghala mATenI ghelachA ane ghara, vara ne bALako pratye paNa durlakSa karavAnI vAta. kRSNa mATenI gopIonI ghelachA jevI ja che. rAjavI pitA siMghalane bahAra nIkaLavAnI nA pADe che, e ghilane mAnya nathI thatuM. eTale e patnI dhanavatI sAthe nagaratyAga kare che. siMhaladvIpathI nIkaLI e "velAula' jAya che ane tyAMthI vahANamAM bese che, tophAnamAM vahANa DUbatAM banne chUTAM paDI jAya che.

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malayacaMdrakRta 'siMghalazI caritra' D 271 dhanavatI pATiyAne AdhAre kinAre pahoMcI patinI rAha jotI maunavrata dhAraNa karI bese che. siMhala bIjI nagarImAM pahoMcI, sarpadaMzamAMthI eka kanyAne bacAvI tene paraNe che, bIjI paraNetarane laI pAcho vahANe caDhe che ane tenI suMdara patnI tathA dhananI lAlace ene dariyAmAM dhakelI devAmAM Ave che. suMdara parastrI prApta karavA patine Ama dariyAmAM dhakelI devAnuM kathAghaTaka paNa jaina munione priya jaNAya che. uttamakumAra, matsyodara jevI kathAomAM paNa A ghaTakano viniyoga thayo che. dariyAmAM pheMkAyelo siMghala mAchalInI pITha para saphara karI kinAre pahoMce che. pahelI sapharamAM sIMdabAdano anubhava paNa kaMIka Avo ja che. e ane enA sAthIdAro je jagyAe TApu jANI Utare che, rAMdhe che e kharekhara to mAchalInI pITha che. siMghala nagaramAM pahoMcI trIjI kanyA paraNe che ane "arebiyana nAiTrasa'nI UDatI sAdaDI yAda karAya evI UDatI khATalI tathA khaMkheratAM 'sAtaha saI dInAra Ape evI kaMthA, daMDa evuM badhuM prApta thAya che. A bAju bIjI patnI paNa pahelI maunamAM beThI che tyAM jaI maunavrata dhAraNa karI rAha jotI bese che. to siMhala UDaNa khATalInI madadathI e ja nagaramAM pahoMcI pharI muzkelImAM sapaDAya che. patnIne mATe pANI levA jatAM kUvAmAMthI eka vipadhara ene bahAra nIkaLavAmAM madada karavA vinaMtI kare che. naLarAjAne jema sarpadaMzathI bAhuka banAvI devAmAM AvyA hatA ema ja A viSadhara pANI bahAra nIkaLI siMhalane daMza daI virUpa banAvI nAkhe che. muzkelI dUra thaze tyAre mULa svarUpa maLI jaze evuM vacana Ape che. aMtamAM eno traNe patnI sAthe meLApa thAya che, mULa rUpa pAchuM maLe che. rAjapATa meLavI, bhogavI, pUrvabhavanuM smaraNa thayA pachI e dIkSA le che. badalI UDe, kaMthA khaMkheratAM dInAra maLe, daivI madada maLe AvAM adbhuta ane camatkAranAM tattvo pachInA rAsAmAM vadhatAM jAya che. e rIte jotAM malayacaMdranI racanA eka mahattvanA sAMdhArUpa banI jAya che. hajI A prakAranAM Alekhano ochAM che. paNa teno prAraMbha thaI gayo che. pUrvenI racanAomAM vrata ane tapathI siddhi maLavAnI vAta thatI. Ama dharmapracAra mATe paNa zraddhAne badale camatkAra dvArA ahobhAva preratA ghaTakothI lokone prabhAvita karavAnA prayAsa thatA jaNAya che. A pheraphAra kevaLa navuM kaMIka karavAnI gaNatarIe thayo haze ke kevaLa kathArasa khAtara ? ke pachI jaina dharmano prabhAva dRDha banAvavAnA prayAsa Avazyaka lAgatAM AvuM kaMIka navuM tattva lAvavAmAM AvyuM haze e vicAravAnuM rahe che. jaina kavionI racanAo uddezapUrNa hatI. emAM bhASAkarma ke sAhityasarjananA kauzalyane bahu avakAza na hato. lokonA cittane pakaDI rAkhavA, A be tattvanA abhAvane pUravA mATe camatkAra, ADakathA, lokakathAno Azraya levAno prAraMbha thayo hoya e paNa eka zakyatA che. jaina racanAkAro vidvAna hatA, saMskRta bhASAnA, alaMkAra ane chaMdazAstranA saMskRta sAhityanA jANakAra hatA. paNa sarvasAmAnya zrotAgaNanI sajjatA

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272 D madhyakAlIna gujarAtI jaina sAhitya dhyAnamAM rAkhavAnI hovAthI potAnA A jJAnanI sahAya teo laI zake ema na hatA. zarUAtanA rAsA ramAtA, khelAtA evA spaSTa ullekha maLe che. pachInA rAsAmAM tenA "bhaNaI suNaI'nA, sAMbhaLavA - paThana karavAnA ullekha maLe che. Ama zarUAtanA rAsanA khelanI ane tenA darzakazrotAvarganI vyavasthA judA prakAranI haze e saheje kalpI zakAya ema che. loko kevaLa zrotA hoya tyAre kathAnaka paratve e lokonI vadhAre ekAgratA apekSita rahe. 'siMghalazI caritra'nuM ja udAharaNa laIe ane A vAtano vicAra karIe to kathAkAra taraphathI paNa zrotAonI ekAgratA ochI na thAya e mATenA prayatna jarUrI haze. racanAno prAraMbha sarasvatI, covIsa jinadevatA ane gurune vaMdana sAthe thAya che. te pachI kavi zAlibhadra, kAvatrA, caMdanabAlA, bharatezvara, mUladeva ityAdine dAnathI maLelI siddhinI vAta kare che. zrotAone badhA jainadharmI hoya to paNa, A badhAM nAmomAM, temanI siddhiono paricaya hoI zake kharo ? ke pachI e paricaya gRhIta karavAmAM Ave che e vicAravuM rahe. athavA pachI kIrtanakAranI jema. A racanAnuM zrotAvarga samakSa paThana karanAra kathAkAre ekaeka paMktinA pATha pachI te-te nAmadhArI vyaktino, temanI siddhino zrotAjanane paricaya ApavAno rahe. te ja pramANe siMghalane viSadhara daMza daIne virUpa karI nAkhe che te pachInA bhAgamAM 101thI 165 kaDI sudhI devanI kRpAthI ane buddhinA baLe siddhi meLavanArAonI nAmAvali Ave che. "naravarasaravari nIra navi rahaI, yogI eka kathA karIi ema 101mI kaDImAM kahevAyuM che temAM eka bALakanI mAtA hovAno be strIono dAvo che te prasaMge nyAyAdhIza kevo nIveDo lAve che e jANItI vAtano kathAaMza sAmela che. te uparAMta, AMdhaLA garIba brAhmaNe bhagavAna pAse sonAnI sAMkaLe hIMcakatAM pautrapautrInA parivArane najare jovAnuM varadAna mAgI cAlAkIthI dRSTi, dhanasaMpatti, vizALa parivAra sukha, lAMbuM AyuSya badhuM ekasAthe mAgI lIdhuM e kathA-aMza paNa ahIM levAyo che. eka tarapha AvI pracalita kathAo che to bIjI tarapha buddhibaLa ane IzvarakRpAthI siddhi meLavanArAnI nAmAvalimAM caMDapradyota, vAsavadattA, cANakya. caMdragupta, naMda jevI itihAsaprasiddha vyaktio che. zreNika paNa temAM che. paNa jainasamudAyamAM e nAma e vakhate eTaluM jANItuM haze ema svIkArI laIe. A ja pramANe abhayakumAra, amaradatta mitrAnaMdano ullekha che e nAmo paNa kadAca jANItAM hoI zake. "zvAne mAhiM thiI khAdhI khIra, buddhi asiu e bAvanavIra' ema kahIne 165mI kaDIe. nAmAvali pUrI thAya che. ATalA saMkSepamAM phakta nAmAvali ane siddhino ja ullekha Ave che. enI vigata nathI AvatI, eTale ema mAnavuM paDe ke zrotA varga A badhI kathAono jANakAra hovo joIe. kAraNake ema hoya to ja enuM citta kathAmAM parovAyeluM rahe. ane kAM kathAkAra badhI kathAo vaccevacce

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malayacaMdrakRta 'siMghalazI caritra' D 273 thobhIne kahetA hovA joIe. lokakathAnI jANakArI lokone hajI kadAca hoya, paNa jo zrotAonI sajjatA vizenAM pracalita anumAna svIkArIe to bIjI kathAonI jANakArI svIkAravI muzkela lAge che. e jANakArI vinA A kathAbhAga AvatAM racanA rasadRSTie nabaLI paDatI jaNAya che. tyAre kavi pote kahe che ke bi saI vIsa achaI cupai, kathA saMkhevi cIrAsi huI' eTale 220 kaDIthI lAMbI racanA lakhAI hovAno saMbhava nathI. A saMkhyA, zrotA samakSa pAThanI kalpanA ane dharmapracArano uddeza maLIne racanApATha eka beThake pUro na thatAM thoDA divasa cAlato haze evuM sUcana maLI rahe che. paNa te sAthe A saMkSepa - ati saMkSepa - racanAnA sAhityaguNanA vicAramAM avarodha banI rahe che. racanAkAra eka ja lakSathI nAyakane dIkSAgrahaNa sudhI laI jAya che. emAM vacce keTalAMka joradAra kathAghaTako Ave che jenA yogya vistArathI rAsanI suMdaratA, enI grahaNakSamatAmAM vadhAro thaI zakyo hota. zarUAtamAM racanAkAra te mATenA sabhAna prayAsa karatA hoya evuM lAge paNa che. siMghala potAnI patnI sAthe 'velAulathI vahANamAM caDhe che ane vahANa UpaDe che tyAranuM varNana jotAM A vAtanI pratIti thAya che. [ghelA khalAsIo caDavaDyA, mAlima bArahIyA daDavaDyA, nAvyA nAjAmAM caDa, siDha pADaI nAMgara upaDaI. travahaNa calaI pavananaI prAMNi. (ityAdi) ahIM khalAsIonA utsAhanuM, vahANanA saDha caDAvavA, laMgara upADavuM jevI kriyAonuM citra upasAvavAno prayAsa najare paDe che. racanAnI samagra zailI jotAM A varNanane nirarthaka vistAra ja gaNavo paDe. vaLI A prayAsathI citra hajI Upase-naUpase tyAM to dariyAmAM tophAna jAge che. aMbhonidhi thiu atihiM kalola, halabalATa thiu hAlakabola. kaTa kaTa kApI siDha pADIi, vasta vAMnAM jali jhIlADIi. hoI hoi karatAM vAhaNa bhagna, saMdhosaMdhi thiyuM thauM alagna, ADaraDi teraDi karaI eka ghaDI, bUDaI loka pADaI bhUMbaDI. tophAna thatAM ja thatI kriyAo, jevI ke saDha pADavA, vadhArAno sAmAna pANImAM padharAvavo ane ATalI mahenata chatAM sAMdhe sAMdhethI tUTatuM vahANa, lokonI cIsAcIsa - A AkhuM citra rajU thAya che. utsAhanuM vAtAvaraNa hajI jAme-na-jAme tyAM taddana nirALA vAtAvaraNamAM laI jatuM citra UbhuM karavAmAM Ave che. prakRti Ama akasmAta svarUpa badalatI hoya che enI nA nahIM, paNa ahIM utsAhanA ane sapharanA citramAM, tophAna ane vahANa DUbavA mATe jema pravAsI taiyAra nathI hotA tema zrotA paNa A palaTA mATe taiyAra nathI. manamAM saheja gUMca paNa UbhI thAya che,

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274 | madhyakAlIna gujarAtI jaina sAhitya citrapalaTo samajavA prayatna karavo paDe che. A varNanaprasaMga 43mI kaDIe pUro thAya che. te pachI citrazaktino viniyoga kyAMya jovA maLato nathI, eTale ja prAraMbhanA prayAsamAM AyAsa varatAya che. A racanAo dRzya prakAranI paraMparAnuM pariNAma hoI temAM AvI kriyAne jeTaluM mahattva hatuM teTaluM bhASAkarma ke sAhityaguNane kadAca mahattva na hatuM. eTale ja chaMdovaividhya ke alaMkArano Azraya levAto nathI. sIdhesIdhuM kathAvarNana cAlatuM rahe che. kathAprasaMgo, nAmAvalio AvyA kare che. paraMtu emAMya kyAMka sAdhukavinI dRSTi suMdaratA jovA ne dekhADavA mathe che. siMghala-dhanavatInAM lagna aMge lokonA AnaMdanuM zabdAMkana karatAM e lagna eTale jANe caMdra-rohiNInAM lagna - "yuganuM melApaka e bhayu, cAMdu jima rohiNIvara thayuM' evuM varNana maLe che. pravahaNa calaI pavananaI prANi', "cAli catUra tU caMdana cAhi jevA prAsAnuprAsa alaMkAra dvArA racanAnuM zravaNasauMdarya vadhAravAnA prayAsa karelA jovA maLe che. joke, AvAM rathAna atyaMta, siMghalane kuzalanagaramAM eka sAdhu dInAra khaMkheratI thI Ave che tyAM prayojAto "dInAra' zabda; mAlima, khalAsI, nAkhUya siddha vagere vahANavaTAnA zabdono viniyoga jotAM tatkAlIna gujarAtI bhASA para anya bhASAnI asaranI dRSTie A racanA abhyAsa mAge che. gujarAtamAM musalamAna zAsana 13mA saikAnA aMta bhAgamAM sthapAyuM hatuM. paNa te pUrve ghaNA samayathI vahANavaTA ane vepAra khAtara gujarAta sAthe musalamAnone saMbaMdha hato. araba ane musalamAna vepArIonA thANAM bharUca-khaMbhAtamAM hatAM e badhI hakIkato itihAsamAM noMdhAyelI ja che. siMghalazI caritra' pachI paNa I.sa.1487 pUrvenA gaNAtA mRgAMkalekhA rAsa', I.sa.115nI 'guNakaraMDa copAI', I.sa. 1640nA 'harizcaMdra rAjAno rAsa' vagere keTalIka racanAomAM nANAM tarIke "InAra' zabdano viniyoga thato dekhAya che. paNa bahu chUTathI - pracalita zabdano viniyoga thato hoya evuM lAge eTalI chUTathI - dInAra' zabda yojAyo jaNAto nathI. Ama ekaMdare jotAM camatkAranAM ane adbhutanAM tattvo dAkhala karavA ne viSayanuM vartuLa thoDuM vistRta banAvavA kSetre malayacaMdra navuM padArpaNa karyuM che ema kahI zakAya.

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udayabhAnuracita "vikramacaritra rAsa : eka dRSTipAta subhASa dave jaina kavIzvara udayabhAnue "vikramacaritra rAsanI racanA vi.saM.1565mAM karelI che : panara pAMsaTha saMvatsari jeTha mAsa zudi pakSa dinakari, raciu rAsa.' madhyakAlIna padyavArtA ke lokakathAsvarUpanuM anusaMdhAna batAvatI A kRtine udayabhAnue "rAsa', 'prabaMdha" ane "kautukakathA' tarIke paNa oLakhAvI che ! A kautukakathI vikramasutanI che. vikhyAta rAjA vikramano pratApI putra vikramacaritra, vikramakumAra ke vikramasena hato. mAtA lIlAvatI ane pitA vikramanA dIrghakAlIna viyogano vikramacaritra svacAturya ane parAkramothI aMta lAvI mAtApitAno meLApa karAve che ne pitA vRddha thatAM rAjyano bhAra upADI le che, evI vArtAnuM udayabhAnue ahIM viziSTa rIte nirUpaNa karyuM che. zaThaM prati zAkyam'nI lokoktine kathAghaTaka tarIke laIne udayabhAnue kathAprasaMgane kautukaraMgI puTa Apyo che ane e rIte vAtane AsvAdya banAvI che. prAcIna vAtapiraMparAnI jema "vikramacaritra rAsanuM vastu paNa itihAsa ke purANaviSayaka nahIM, paNa lokone AkarSatI ane lokomAM pracalita vArtAonuM baneluM che. jaina kavi sAdhu kIrti, madhusUdana, abhayasoma ane paramasAgara jevA kavioe paNa vikramacaritranI vArtAo lakhI che. udayabhAnue vikramacaritrano rAsa nirUpatAM kRtinA pUrvArdharUpe enA pitA rAjA vikramanuM kathAnaka laMbANapUrvaka AlekhyuM che. vikramakumAra jenI kUkhe janma le che e lIlAvatI sAthe rAjA vikrame kevI rIte lagna karyA, e prasaMga AraMbhanI 217 kaDImAM vistArathI AlekhAyo che. rAjA vikrama kRtinuM mukhya pAtra nathI, e dRSTie jotAM A vistAra aprastuta bane, joke rAjA vikramanuM caritra paNa romAMcaka ane tethI lokahRdayane jakaDI rAkhanAruM hoI vArtArasa jamAve che ema kahevuM joIe. rAba vikramanAM lIlAvatI sAthenAM lagnanuM kathAnaka vAtanA pUrvArdhane premakathAnA vA paNa mUkavA prere. A premakathAmAM vikrama puraSaSiNI lIlAvatIne dhUrtakalAthI kevI jItI le che e prasaMgonuM ja nirUpA kendramAM rahyuM che, te ane uttarArdhamAM vikramacaritranAM dhUrtaparAkramI pAchaLa rahelo teno saMkalpa lakSamAM laIe tyAre pUrvArdhanA rAjA vikrama ane lIlAvadanA kathAnakano prAra nirvAhya banI zake. vikrama e koI rAjA, mahArAjA ke samrATa hato ke kema. e prazna bAjue

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276 [] madhyakAlIna gujarAtI jaina sAhitya rAkhIe to, e sarva jAduI vidyAomAM pAraMgata eka vidyAdhara hato, ema vikramaviSayaka vAcakra parathI kahI zakAya tema che. udayabhAnue vikramanA paraduHkhabhaMjaka, parAkramI, dayALu, dAnavIra ane puNyazloka vyaktitvane mUrta abhivyakti ahIM arpI nathI, tenA A guNasaMpanna vyaktitvano zAbdika ja ullekha kRtinI AraMbhanI kaDIomAM maLe che. ahIM to vikrama lokakathAnA koI eka kAmAsakta nAyaka jevo Upase che. rAtrInA samaye svapnamAM caMpAnagarInI rAjakuMvarI lIlAvatInA rUpasaundaryathI e mugdha banyo che ane maMtrInI sahAyathI yuktiprayukti karI lIlAvatIne meLavIne ja jaMpe che. udayabhAnue A kathAnakane nirUpavA mATe UbhA karelA prasaMgo ne e prasaMgomAM pragaTatuM vikramanuM calana-valaNa enA praNayI raMga sAthe dhUrta(catura) vyaktitvane paNa upasAve che. lIlAvatI puruSadveSaNI che, ema jANI vikrame strIdveSIno bhajavelo pATha enI dhRvidyAnI ghotaka ghaTanA che. vikramanuM A prakAre pAtrAlekhana udayabhAnunuM maulika sarjana nathI. paMcadaMDa'nI vArtAmAM ane pUrNimAgacchIya rAmacandrasUrinI kRtimAM vikramane dhUrta, dyUtakAra ane kUTakalAdakSa nirUpAyo che, eTaluM ja nahIM 'kathAsaritsAgara' aMtargata caurazAstranA praNetA mUladevanA kathAnaka sAthe paNa eno saMbaMdha svIkArAyo che. vaLI 'bRhatkathA' ane 'kathAsaritsAgara'nI vArtAono nAyaka naravAhanadatta, vasudeva-hiMDI'no vade ane 'aMbaDacaritra'no aMbaDa vidyAdhara Adi pAtro parivartita thatAMthatAM vikra lokapriya pAtra nirmAyuM che, e abhyAsIone suvidita che. vikrama sAthe vetALano paNa udayabhAnue kRtimAM be vAra saMdarbha 2cyo che H eka to, vikramanI oLakha ApatAM kahyuM che : "vikaTa vIra AgIo vetAla, sAhasathI jItyauM tatkAla' ane bIjI vAra, A vikaTa vIra vetAla ja madananI mUrtimAM praveza karIne yogIvezI vikramanA pUrvabhavanI vAtanA saMdarbhamAM lIlAvatIne paraNavA mATe yojela yuktine saphLa banAvI ApanAra che. A vetAlanuM pAtra kRtimAM adbhutaniSpatti mATe vikramaviSayaka vArtAcakranA sAmAnyataH badhA ja kavioe khapamAM lIdhuM che. 'vaitAla pacIsI', siMhasana batrIsI' ane 'paMcadaMDa'nI vArtAtrayImAM paNa siddhavidyAnA pratIka rUpe vetAla ane vikramanA pAtranI jema vetAlanuM pAtra paNa 'kathAsaritsAgara'nI vArtAsRSTi jeTaluM jUnuM che. 'kathAsaritsAgara'mAM 'agnizikha', 'pazikha', "bhUtaketu' Adi judAjudA vetAlanA ullekho maLe che. te paikIno 'agnizikha' athavA Agiyo vetAla ja vikramano sahAyaka. udayabhAnue vArtAcakranI A paraMparAne svIkArIne AgiyA vetAlane vikramano sahAyaka ahIM nirUpyo che. vikramanA kathAnakanI saMkalanAmAM udayabhAnue prayojela svapnaprasaMga kathAvastuno bInikSepaka prasaMga che. A prasaMgathI samagra kathAnaka enI eka nizcita dizAmAM gatizIla bane che H vikramanuM svapna, maMtrI dvArA svapnabhaMga, maMtrI para :

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udayabhAnuracita "vikramacaritra rAsa' : eka dRSTipAta D 277 vikramano roSa, maMtrInI vikrama mATenI ciMtA ane duHkhanivAraNa mATe upAyazodha. avadhUtamilana, lIlAvatInI mAhitI prApti, vikrama ane maMtrInuM caMpAnagarI javuM, vezaparivartana karI cAturyapUrvaka lIlAvatI sAthe maMtrInI mulAkAta, madanabhuvanamAM nATakayojanA, vikrama-lIlAvatInI praznottarI ane aMte, baMnenAM lagna - ema prastuta kRtinA pUrvArdhanuM kathAnaka racAya che. A prasaMgazreNInA niyojanamAM 'liMgaparivartananuM kathAghaTaka ullekhapAtra che : vikrama ane maMtrI caMpAnagarI tarapha nIkaLyA che, lIlAvatInI zodhamAM. tyAM mArgamAM eka jaMgalamAM virahAnalathI trasta vikrama drAkSamaMDapamAM nidrAdhIna thayo. eTalAmAM eka vidyAdharayugala AvyuM ane vikramane sUtelo joI enA page jaDIbuTTI bAMdhI. tethI e strI banI gayo ! thoDIvAra pachI strIyugala AvyuM ne bIjuM auSadha page mUkyuM to e puruSa banI gayo ! A prasaMgamAM ullekhAyela jaDIbuTTIno jAdu abhuta rasanI niSpatti to kare ja che, paNa e sAthe bhAvi kathAvikAsanI bhUmikA ahIM racAya che. e dRSTie liMgaparivartana'nuM A ghaTaka ahIM motivationnuM kArya kare che. kRtinA uttarArdha (kaDI 220thI aMta sudhI)mAM mukhya kathAnakanuM nirUpaNa kavie hAtha dharyuM che. vikramacaritranA parAkramanuM varNana vArtAkAranuM lakSya che. ethI mAtA lIlAvatIne dhUtIne paraNI janAra pitA vikramane dhUrtatAno padArthapATha zIkhavavAno jANe saMkalpa karIne vikramacaritra ujjaina pahoMce che. ahIM eka vaNika mitra caMpakanI sahAyathI ujjainanI prajAne potAnI dhUrtakalAnA paracA batAvatobatAvato aMte rAjA vikramane paNa eno bhoga banAvI darabAramAM pratyakSa pragaTa thaI putra tarIkenI potAnI e oLakha Ape che. putra tarIke oLakha ApatAM e kahe che ke, "mUja mAtA dhUtArI tuhe, tII vAyara puravaMciuM alpe." Ama vAtano A uttarArdha pUrvArdha sAthe anusaMdhAna pAme che. AkhI vArtAnuM kathAghaTaka, Ama, vyaktivizeSanuM maTIne, "zaThaM prati zAkyam' ke "zerane mAthe savA zera' jevI lokoktinI dRSTAntakathAnuM rUpa le che. pariNAme ahIM nirUpita ghaTanAo pUrvayojita ane tethI sahaja pratIta na thAya e svAbhAvika che. rAjA vikrama, lIlAvatI, maMtrI, vikramacaritra, depA nApita, seluta zazideva-mUladeva. dAmodara purohita, goga vezyA, rajaka ema aneka pAtrono ahIM saMdarbha hovA chatAM pAtranirUpaNanI dRSTie vArtAkAranI koI sarjakazakti vatI nathI ema kahevuM joIe. kautukarasanI A kathAnA sarjanamAM udayabhAnue yathAvakAza sUcita rIte Alekhela sAmAjika paristhitio, lokamAnyatAonA saMdarbhe prastuta kRtine sAMskRtika adhyayana mATe mahattvanI Therave tema che. e ja rIte enI sADAcAraso varSa pUrvenI bhASAno saMdarbha madhyakAlIna gujarAtI bhASAnA svarUpane samajavAmAM upakAraka hoI bhASAzAstranA abhyAsamAM paNa enuM ochuM mUlya nathI.

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278 ] madhyakAlIna gujarAtI jaina sAhitya pAdaTIpa 1. udayabhAnuracita 'vikramacaritrarAsa', saMpA. sva. prA~. balavaMtarAya ka. ThAkora, prakA. mahArAjA sayAjIrAva vizvavidyAlaya, vaDodarA, 1957. DaoN. raNajita paTele (anAmI') tenI vistRta prastAvanA ane noMdhapAtra zabdaprayogonI sUci A saMpAdana sAthe prakAzita karI che.

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sahajasundara ane "guNaratnAkara chaMda kAntibhAI bI. zAha mAre A lekhamAM jaina sAdhukavi sahajasundaranI eka aprakaTa kRti guNaratnAkara chaMda vize vAta karavAnI che. jyAM sudhI A kRti aprakaTa che tyAM sudhI sahajasundara paNa prakaTa jevA ja che ema kahuM to cAle. sahajasundara upakezagacchanA siddhasUri-dhanasAranI paraMparAmAM ratnasamudra upAdhyAyanA ziSya hatA. emaNe racelI nAnImoTI kRtionI saMkhyA lagabhaga 25 jeTalI thavA jAya che. e racanAomAM rAsa, chaMda, saMvAda, stavana, sajhAya Adi svarUpavaividhyano samAveza thAya che. A kRtiomAM mukhyamukhya nIcenI kRtiono samAveza thAya che ? 1. raSidattA mahAsatI rAsa (ra.I.1516), 2. jebUsvAmI aMtaraMga rAvivAhalo (ra.I. 1516), 3. AtmarAja rAsa (2.I.1pa28), 4. prasannacaMdra rAjarSi rAsa (ra.I. 1536), 5. tetalImaMtrIno rAsa (ra.I.1pa39), 6. amarakumAra rAsa, 7. iriyAvahI vicAra rAsa, 8. sthUlibhadra bhAsa, 9. paradezI rAjAno rAsa, 10. zukarAja/suDAsAhelI rAsa,prabaMdha, 11. guNaratnAkara chaMda/sthUlibhadra chaMda (ra.I.1516), 12. sarasvatImAtAno chaMda, 13. ratnakumAra ratnasAra copAI/zrAvaka prabaMdha (ra.I. 1526), 14. AMkhakAna saMvAda, 15. yauvanajarA saMvAda, uparAMta naveka jeTalAM stavano-sajhAyo ane vyAkaraNa (prathama pAdaDa)no eka saMskRta graMtha emaNe racyo che. A racanAomAMthI keTalIka kRtionAM maLatAM racanAvarSane AdhAre sahajasuMdarano jIvanakALa 16mI sadIno pUrvArdha hovAnuM nizcita karI zakAya che. emAMye "guNaratnAkara chaMda'nuM racanAvarSa I. 1516nuM hoI ema kahI zakAya ke A kavine janma pAMcaso varSa lagabhaga pUrAM thayAM che kAM to thavAmAM che. paNa Azcarya e vAtanuM che ke pa00 varSe pUrvenA A kavinI 25 jeTalI nAnImoTI racanAomAMthI mAtra 3 nAnI racanAo ja ATalAM varSomAM mudrita thaI hatI. te che "kAyApura pATaNanI sajhAya' (prAcIna sajhAyasaMgrahamAM), "niMdAnivAraNa/parihAranI sajhAya' (sajhAyamAlAmAM) ane "kozyA gIta' (rjanayuga. pu.1 aMka pamAM). sahajasundaranI bAkInI tamAma racanAo hajI sudhI aprakaTa ja rahI hatI. te pachI cheka hamaNAM zrImatI niraMjanA vorA saMpAdita paradezIrAjAno rAsa" ane "sUDAsAhelI rAsa' anukrame

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280 ] madhyakAlIna gujarAtI jaina sAhitya julAI-sapTe. 1984nA ane oNkTo.-Dise. '85nA bhASAvimarza'nA aMkomAM mudrita thayAM che. (A pachI, A be kRtio uparAMta 'tetaliputra rAsa' 'ratnasArakumAra rAsa' 'iriyAvahIvicAra rAsa' "jabUsvAmI rAsa' 'ilAtiputra rAsa' 'sarasvatImAtAno chaMda', "sImaMdhara stavana" "zAlibhadra sajhAya' niMdAvAraka sajajhAya niMdAnI sajhAya' 'dhUlibhadra svAdhyAya" ne "koNyA gIta' e kRtio niraMjana vorAe saMpAdita karI I. 1989mAM "kavi sahajasuMdaranI rAsakRtio' prakAzita karela che.) paradezIrAjAno rAsa' 212 kaDInI mAnavInAM zubhAzubha karmanA phaLane nirUpatI paradezI rAjAnA kathAnakane AlekhatI racanA che, jyAre "sUDAsAhelI rAsa' ujjainI nagarInA rAjA makaraketu ane rANI sulocanAnI yauvanamAM pravezelI rAjakuMvarI sAhelInI vidyAdharapurInA rAjakuMvara zukarAja sAthenI praNayakrIDAne nirUpatI kathA che. paradezI rAjAno rAsanI tulanAmAM "sUDAsAhelI rAsa' pramANamAM vizeSa rasika kRti banI che. dRSTAMtonI pracuratAvALAM varNano, zRMgArarasika kathA ane popaTa paMkhInuM rUpa dhArI rahelA zukarAja sAthenI sAhelInI prIta, popaTa manuSyamAM rUpaparivartana, AkAzavANI jevAM camatkArI tattvono viniyoga A kRitine AsvAdya banAve che. paNa sahajasundaranI prakaTa-aprakaTa nAnImoTI kRtiomAM kAvyatattvanI dRSTie sauthI caDiyAtI ane uttama kRti to "guNaratnAkara chaMda' ja, je. aneka hastaprato upalabdha hovA chatAM Ajadina sudhI aprakaTa ja rahI che. 'guNaratnAkara chaMda'nI racanA I.1516 (saM.1572)mAM thaI che. kRtino mukhya viSaya jaina saMpradAyamAM khUba jANItA evA sthUlibhadra-kozAnA kathAnakano che. AkhI racanA kula 4 adhikAramAM vaheMcAyelI che. prathama adhikAramAM 68 kaDI bIjAmAM 160 kaDI, trIjAmAM 104 kaDI ane cothAmAM 87 kaDI ema kula 4 adhikAramAM vaheMcAyelI, 419 kaDInI A racanA che. sau prathama gurune namaskAra karI sarasvatIdevInI stuti-prazastithI kavi kRtino AraMbha kare che. kevaLa kRtinA AraMbhe ja nahIM, paNa pratyeka adhikAranA AraMbhe kavie mA zAradAnuM smaraNa karyuM che. guNaratnAkara chaMda' vAMcatAM eka kathAtmaka kAvyakRti tarIke je pAMceka muddAo tarapha ApaNuM saheje lakSa dorAya che te mArI dRSTie A pramANe che : 1. A kRtimAM vArtAkathana kavinuM gauNa prayojana rahyuM che. 2. sthUlibhadra-kozAnI jANItI kathAnA keTalAka mahattvanA prasaMgone malAvI. bahelAvIne kavie varNavyA che. kathana nahIM, varNana ahIM vizeSa dhyAna kheMce che. 3. samagra kAvyakRtinA aMtaraMga karatAM bahiraMganI kavie vizeSa mAvajata karI che. kAvyanuM bahiraMga e vizeSa AsvAdya aMza rahyo che.

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sahajasundara ane "guNaratnAkara chaMda' D 281 4. cAraNI chaMdolayanA raNakAravALA vividha chaMdone kavie ahIM khUba lADa laDAvyAM che, ane emAMthI bharapUra saMgIta UbhuM karyuM che. pa. kavinAM pAMDitya ane bahuzrutatA paNa ahIM chatAM thAya che. A pAMca muddAone dhyAnamAM rAkhIne 'guNaratnAkara chaMdanuM rasadarzana karavAno ahIM upakrama che. 1-2 A kavinA paradezI rAjAno rAsa' ane "sUDAsAhelI rAsamAM keTalAMka AlaMkArika varNano ane kAvyAtmaka aMzo AvatAM hovA chatAM ekaMdare vArtAkathana sIdhesIdhuM gati karatuM jovA maLe che. enI sarakhAmaNImAM "guNaratnAkara chaMda eka judI ja chApa UbhI kare che. kavine ahIM vAta kahI javAnI kazI utAvaLa jaNAtI nathI. prathama adhikAramAM 17 kaDI sudhI sarasvatIdevInuM mahimA-prazastigAna cAle che. pachI Ave che yUlibhadranI prazasti. cheka 47mI kaDIe to kavi pADalapura nagarInuM varNana AraMbhe che, je 60 kaDI sudhI cAle che. bIjA adhikAramAM sthUlibhadra-janmotsava, bALaka sthUlibhadrano lAlanapAlana sAthe thaI rahelo uchera, yUlibhadranI bALaceSTAo, emanI yauvanamAM saMkrAnti ane pachI yuvAna sthUlibhadrano kozA sAtheno bhogavilAsa - Ama eka pachI eka AvatAM varNanonA pravAhamAM taNAtA vAcaka mATe vArtAkathana jANe ke gauNa banI jAya che. tethI to kavi zakaTAlanA rAjakhaTapaTathI thayelA mRtyunA kathAnakane ahIM savIgata kahevAne badale trIjA adhikAranA AraMbhe saMkSipta ullekha karIne ja AgaLa vadhe che. kavine to rasa che rAjAnuM teDuM AvatAM sthUlibhadranI vimAsaNanA citra-AlekhanamAM. sthUlibhadrano vairAgya, kozAno pIMkhAyelo manamALo, enI virahadazA - A varNanamAM trIjo adhikAra samApta thAya che, jyAre cotho adhikAra comAsuM gALavA AvelA. sthUlibhadranuM mana rIjhavavA mATe koinA prayAsonA citravarNanamAM rokAya che. kAmavijetA sthUlibhadrano kozAne bodha ane aMtamAM kozAnuM hRdayaparivartana - tyAM kRti samApta thAya che. jema kaMThe dhAraNa karelI ratnamALAno doro to kevaLa AdhAra ja hoya, ne zobhA to dorAmAM gUMthAyelAM ratnonI ja jhagamagI UThe tema "guNaratnAkara chaMda'mAM pAtaLA kathAtaMtuno AdhAra laI kavie varNanone bahelAvIne nirUpavA pratye badhuM dhyAna kendrita karyuM jaNAya che. A varNanone kavie kevI vividha rItio dvArA sauMdaryamaMDita karyA che ane ema karatAM kAvyanA bahiraMgane zobhAyamAna karavAmAM kevI mAvajata lIdhI che te ahIM sadRSTAMta jovAnuM raheze? pahelI vAta to e lakSamAM rAkhavAnI ke jo "guNaratnAkara chaMda'no sAco AsvAda karavo hoya to kAnane barAbara saravA rAkhavA paDe. jo kAna saravA na rahyA che

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282 ] madhyakAlIna gujarAtI jaina sAhitya to enuM moTA bhAganuM sauMdarya cUkI gayA samajo. AMtaraprAsa, antyAnuprAsa, zabdAlaMkAra, jhaDajhamaka, ravAnukArI zabdaprayojanA, cAraNI chaMdomAM sAMbhaLavA maLato lahilloLano raNako ane kvacita kaMkya-vAgha saMgItanI sUrAvali A badhAmAMthI UThatuM eka viziSTa nAdasaMgIta ahIM asaMkhya kaDIomAM mANI zakAze. keTalAMye varNano ahIM saMgItabaddha banI ApaNane layapravAhamAM kheMcI jAya che. kavi kAntanI paMktine ahIM judA arthamAM prayojI ApaNe kahI zakIe - citra saMgIta thAya.' -V sarasvatInI prazasti karatI prathama adhikAranI 9mI kaDI juo : ghamaghama ghUghara ghamaghama kaMtaya, jhaMjhara rimajhima raNaraNataya, kari cUDi raNakaMti ki dippai, tuha siMgAra kIu saha uppai. ahIM ghUgharano ghamakA2 ane jhAMjharanA raNajhaNATathI kavi ApaNane saMgItamaya vAtAvaraNamAM kheMcI jAya che. ahIM ravAnukArI zabdo, jhaDajhamaka ane be akSarI AryAno chaMdolaya - badhuM samanvita thaIne nAdasaMgIta UbhuM kare che. = 28mI kaDInI prathama paMkti 'guNa rola lola kalola kIrati capala cihuM disi hiMsae'mAMnI jhaDajhamaka AkarSika banI che. 2mI kaDImAM - ......jotaryA dhara dhaDahuDai, .....malapatA gaja gaDaaDai, haNahaNai upazama zreNi hayavara dharA dhapamaya gavai A paMktikhaMDomAMnA ravAnusArI zabdomAMthI UpasatuM saMgIta dhyAnAkarSaka bane che. kavi aneka jagAe bhinnabhinna arthavALA eka ja zabdane be vAra prayojIne athavA samAna uccAravALA be zabdasamUha goThavIne eka prakAranI zabdacAturInI ramata khelatA dekhAya che. pADalapura nagarInuM varNana citrAtmaka to banyuM ja che, sAthe kavi AvI zabdacAturI paNa dAkhave che. juo kaDI 48 : na moTe maMdira bahU ko raNIAM. nayaMNa na dIsai tihAM ko raNIAM, sUra vahai nitu kari ko daMDaha, kaha tIraI nava deha ko daMDaha.' ane kaDI 54nI paMkti H pAlakhI+ baisai narapAlA, hIMDai eka valI nara pAlA. A pADalapura nagarI, enAM prajAjano, enI poSadhazALAo ane dharmazALAo, bAgabagIcA, vAvasarovarakUpa Adi jaLAzayo, enA rAjavI ane maMtrI badhI vIgatone samAvI letuM prAsAnuprAsayukta nagaravarNana kavi kare che. bIjA adhikArano AraMbha thAya che putrajanmotsavanA citrAtmaka rasika

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sahajasundara ane "guNaratnAkara chaMda | 283 varNanathI. paMca zabada vAjai vali Dholaha mRganayaNI maMgala mukhi bolaha. dUhA, gIta bhaNaI guNagAthA. kukama kesaranA ghaI hAthA. talIA toraNa naI dhaja gUDI, lahalahatI dIsaI ati rUDI, caMdraaDa UbhavA vicitraha, nAcaI pAtra sarUpa vicitraha. paNa pachI to AkhuM citra saMgItamAM saMkrame che : * ghaNa gajjaI jima karIya suvala, vajjaI dhadhikiTa beMkaTa maddala, cacapaTa cacapaTa tAla taraMgA, thogini tirthaMga nirAkaTa thIMgA. tAthagini tAthagini tighugini tighugini, sirigama mAdhami tusara sare, nIcANa ki dramati dramadrama, kahayaMti drahadraha kUlphakAra kare, jhadhari jhaNajhaNakaMti, bherI bhaNakaMti, bhoM bhau bhUgala bharaharaya, ghUgdhara ghamaghamakaMti raNazaraNa kaMti sasabada saMgiti sadavare. AvAM sthAnomAM cAraNI kAvyasaMgItano ThATha jovA maLe che. putrajanmotsava pachI kavi sthUlibhadranA zaizavane varNave che. ahIMye kathAnirUpaNa karatAM varNanano rUpachAka ja dhyAna AkarSita kare che. "lAlaI pAlaI naI saMcAlai, suta sAMhAMmau vali vali nihAlaI"mAM "la" kAranAM ane kriyApadomAMnAM 'aI' uccAraNonAM punarAvartanomAMthI jhamatuM nAdasauMdarya mANI zakAze. hAtha sAMkalAM sovina vITalaDI, hAthI vAMkaDalI valI kaDalI. kulI kamala dhasI pAMkhaDalI, aNIAlI AMjI AMkhaDalI. A kaDImAMnuM lAlityabharyuM citra noMdhanIya che. sthUlibhadranI bAlasahaja ceSTAonA varNanamAMnI citra-saMgItanI jugalabaMdhI juo : cAlaI camakatI, thama thama katala, ramajhama katala, Thamakata. lIlA laTakaMta, kara jhaTakaMtI, kSaNi caTakaMtI, vilanaMta, puhanI tali paDatI. putra AkhaDatala, na rahaI raDatau, ThaNakatauM. pa6mI kaDImAM yuvAna sthUlibhadrane joIne emanI oLakha aMge kozAnA praznonI ramajhaTa ane sakhIono prathama "nA nA... ane pachI "hA hAmAM ekAkSarI

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284 | madhyakAlIna gujarAtI jaina sAhitya pratyuttara "SaTrapadI' zlokamAM varNananI jamAvaTa kare che ? pUchaI sahIara sAthi Idra avataryau ki, nA nA, pAravatIbharatAra caMdra-sUrija kaI, nA nA, nala kubbara kaI dhanada kaI suravallabha, nA nA, bharaphesara haricaMda devanArAyaNa ki, nA nA. kozAnI praznAvali AgaLa cAle che - sakhI suu je zravaNi, saguNa nara sohaI ki, hA hA, piMgala bharaha kavitta gIta guNa jAMNa ki, hA hA, * * * caurAsI Asana kokarasa lahaI ki. hA hA. suka bahuttarI vinodakathA savi kahaI ki, hA hA. sthUlibhadrane vazamAM levAnI vAta kozA atizayokti alaMkArathI nirUpe che : heva uDADI kema hAthi popaTTa bahaThI dhIme dhIme zRMgAranirUpaNa vadhu ghero raMga dhAraNa kare che. kozAnuM aMgalAvaNya. enAM vastrAlaMkAro, enA prapaMcI hAvabhAva e badhAM varNanomAM kavi have vAcakane ghasaDI jAya che ? mayamattA mayagala jisyA thaNahara sUra subhaTTa, pekhI nara pAchA paDai mehalaI mAna maraTa. kheDAM sovina khIMTalI, veNI kari tarUAri, yauvanarasa joI caDI, mAraI mUli kuThAri. ane pachI vRddhanArAca chaMdanA layasaMgItanI ramajhaTa juo : suvatra deha, rUpa reha, kAma geha gajjae, uratha hAra, hIra cIra, kaMcukI virajjae. kaTakki laMki jhINa vaMka khagni khagni kummae, payoharANa pakikha pakikha loka lakha ghummae anaMgaraMga aMga aMga kosi vesi dakakhae, kaDakakha cakha tIra tikha tikikha tikikha mukae. pachI to kozAno AvAsa, enI sAjasajAvaTa, zobhItA maMDapa, vAditravAdana, caMdaravA ne toraNa, jalasnAna, sugaMdhI dravyosvAdiSTa bhojana, nAcagAnanAM varNanomAM kavi AgaLa vadhe che. 114mI kaDImAM kavi kozAne sarovaranA rUpakathI varNave che : nAri sarovara sabala, sakala mukhakamala manohara,

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sahajasundara ane 'guNaratnAkara chaMda' ] 285 bhamuha bhahi raNajhaNata, nayanayuga mIna sahodara, prema taNau jala bahula, vayaNa rasalihira latti, kabarI jala rasavAla, pAli yauvana mayamatti. nava cakkavAka thaNaharayugala, karai raMga rAti ramali, zrI sthUlibhadra jhillai tihAM, rama+ haMsahaMsI jamala. ahIM kozA sarovara, mukha kamaLa, AMkho mInadraya, prema jala, vANI rasalaharI, ane stanayugma cakravAkayugala tarIke varNavAyAM che. A rUpakamaThyA citramAMye bahiraMganuM sauMdarya to kavi jALave ja che. 'nAri sarova2 sabala, sakala, mukhakamala manohara' A paMktimAM 'sa' zrutinAM Avartano ane sabala, sakala, kamala no zabdAnuprAsa nAdasaMgIta UbhuM kare che. pachI Ave che madhumAsa vasaMta. kavi vasaMtaprabhAva heThaLa kozA-sthUlibhadrano raMgarAga varNave che. kozAnI vezabhUSA, aMgopAMgo ane zRMgArI hAvabhAvanAM varNano AgaLa cAle che. rAtA nakhavAlI, maya matavAlI, loyaNa tAkai tIra. - * kaMcUkasa bAMdhI, golA sAMdhI, ghUmai goNa gAtra. kAmakrIDAnAM varNano sudhI kavi AgaLa vadhe che popaTa drAkha taNau rasa ghUMTa, pisa paDI sUDI niva chUTai, doi kara pAkhara baMdhana bhIDai, AMkasa nakha dei tana pIDai. Ama bIjo adhikAra sthUlibhadra-kozAnA bhogavilAsanA nirUpaNamAM samApta thAya che. trIjA adhikAramAM rAjyanuM notaruM, pariNAme sthUlibhadranI vimAsaNane kavie baLadanA upamAnathI citrabaddha karI che te juo : je hIMDAu mokalavaTai, mAthaI na paDyuM bhAra, te dhorI 2 jotarai, dhUNai sIsa apAra. eka tarapha rAjyanuM teDuM ne bIjI tarapha kozAnI kAkalUdInuM eka suMdara virodhacitra kavi ahIM khaDuM kare che. AkhuM citra svabhAvokti citranuM sarasa udAharaNa bane che H jima jima prIu pagalAM bharaI, tima tima adhika rahaMti, Agala pAchala UtarI, prIu pAlava jhAlaMti. kozAnI virahadazAnuM je lAMbuM varNana kavi kare che te citrAtmaka, AlaMkArika, kalpanAsamRddha, prAsAnuprAsa ane jhajhamakathI pracura banavA sAthe kvacit zabdazleSayukta paNa banyuM che. AvA dviarthI zabdaprayogavALI paMktinAM yamaka alaMkAravALAM keTalAka udAharaNa juo : * kSaNi bAhiri kSaNi UbhI taDakai, rIsabharI sahIara syauM taDakai.

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286 | madhyakAlIna gujarAtI jaina sAhitya * rovAI. rIMkhaI, AMsU pADaI. kolAhala thayau AkhaI pADaI. ja nara viNa kavaNa vasaI kholaDIe, e eka gamai prIyanaI kholaDIe. * hAra dora dIsaI navi galaI e, bhojana mukhi sarasa navi galaI e. * bhamarInI pari pIu guNa gaNatI, kari cUDI nAMkhaI guNagaNatI. * viraha viyoga bharI AkaMThaha na lahaI dukakhasAgara nI kaMThaha. guruno Adeza meLavI dhUlibhadra kozAne tyAM comAsuM gALavA gayA. sthUlibhadrane joI dAsIe vadhAmaNI khAdhI. vicAryuM ke have duHkha bhAMgaze ne AnaMdanAM pUra UmaTaze. paNa sthUlibhadrano to eka ja TUMko bola "ahma yogI, ghauM caumAsi ThAma' kozAne hatAza kare che. cothA adhikAramAM sthUlibhadranuM mana rIjhavavAnA kozAnA prayAsonuM zRMgArarasika varNana che, paNa tyAMye kavie kALajI to kAvyanA bahiraMga-sauMdaryanI ja lIdhI che. nRtya-saMgItanuM saMgItabaddha varNana juo : * nAcaI nAca karI siMgAra vidhikaTa beMkaTanA dhokAraha, colaI cIra kasI kari caraNA, ghamakAvaI jhamakAvaI caraNA. * taMtI tala tAla tavala dama damakaI dhapamapa draDhaMkAra karyo. dhoMkaTa kaTakaTa TaeNgagama S tithanagi tithagi nipADagayuM. siri siri gamagama majhimari gagamama padhamamapa dhuni gIyara, nAcAM ima kozi kalAguNa dAkhaI, bolati chaMdati kavita jasaM. nIcenI kaDInA AMtaraprAsa juo : kozA vezyA ramaNi, keli jasA namaNi, haMsa lIlA gamaNi, catura caMpakavaraNi, ghUmaI ghUghara ghaNaNi, jamali jhaMjhara jhaNaNi. nAcaI khelaI taraNi, dhasaI dhaDahaDaI dharaNi, valI valI lAgai caraNi, cavAI bola mIMThA vayaNi, guNavedha bheda dAkhaI gharaNi, prANanAtha torAM zaraNi. ramaNi, namaNi, gamaNi vagere 12 zabdono prAsa ahIM che. kozAnA hRdayaparivartana sAthe kAvyanI samApti thAya che. ApaNe ahIM kavie kAvyanA samagra bahiraMgane sauMdaryavibhUSita karyuM che teno paricaya karyo. paNa eno artha e nathI ke ahIM kRtinA aMtaraMganI cheka ja upekSA thaI che. AgaLa paNa jeno ullekha thayo ja che evAM kozA-sthUlibhadranAM pAtromAM jovA maLatI vimAsaNa, vedanA. viraha, kAkalUdI jevI bhAvasthiti-mana sthitimAM kalAtmaka nirUpaNo paNa ahIM che. upamA, rUpaka, atizayokti, anyokti, svabhAvokti jevA athaliMkArothI paNa keTalAMye citro maMDita thayAM che. utkaTa

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zRMgA22sanI niSpatti paNa ahIM AsvAdya banI che. sthUlibhadrane sau prathama joIne kozAnA mananI sthiti kevI banI ? sAMhAMmU lAgI jhUravA jala viNa jismau talAva. jagatane lobhAvanArI kozA sthUlibhadranI jANe kiMkarI banI gaI. gotraja, gaurI, gaNezane e vInavavA lAgI ke tame evI kRpA karo ke sthUlibhadra mAre vaza thAya. deyo buddhiprakAza, hAthi mAharai jima Avai. sahajasundara ane 'guNaratnAkara chaMda' ] 287 kozA sthUlibhadrane kahe che ke 'huM tamAro saMga nahIM choDuM, pachI bhalene sUraja pazcimamAM Uge, pavana sthira thaI jAya, kanakAcala parvata DagI jAya, nadImAM avaLAM jaLa vahevA lAge, sApa enuM viSa chAMDe, caMdra zItaLatA tyaje ne himAlaya Aga varasAve.' rAjyanuM teDuM AvatAM sthUlibhadre anubhavelI vimAsaNa kAvyasparza pAmI zakI che. kozAnI kAkalUdIne paNa kavie alaMkRta karI che H bhUpAla bhalerA, puruSa anerA te nAvai AvAsi, vezyA akulINI thai sakulINI, jai baiThI tuja pAsi, ciMhu disi causAlI, e parazAlI, tuja viNa sUnI Aja. kozAe sthUlibhadra mATe zo bhoga Apyo che te ahIM uparanI paMktiomAM bhAvavAhI rIte pragaTa thayo che. sthUlibhadranI dvidhAnuM citra juo kozA mana pADai, baMdhava trADai, rAya taNI thai AMNa, haiDai dukhi dAdhauM, bahuM pari bAdhauM, kahau kima karuM vinAMNa. sthUlibhadre vairAgyano svIkAra karyAnI vAta jANyA pachI kozAnI manovedanA enA ja zabdomAM juo. manapaMkhIe bAMdhelA mALAne potAne hAthe ja pIMkhI nAkhatA nirdaya daivane Thapako ApatAM e kahe che H manapaMkhI mAlu karI, rahi tuM ghaNauM sadaiva, te mAlau tujha bhAMjatAM dayA na AvI daiva. kozAnI hRdayavedanA juo 1 -- olaMbhA sAjaNa taNA kema sahuM guNavaMta, tujha viNa ava2 na ko gamai nAha male ja aMta. je manamAMnyA ApaNai te tasu mIMThA hoi' paMktimAM kozAnI virahasthiti bhAvapUrNa rIte pragaTa thaI che. trIjA adhikAranI 61thI 78 kaDImAM kozAnI virahadazA utkaTatAthI ane citrAtmaka rIte AlekhAI che. 4 AgaLanA trIjA muddAmAM kAvyane sauMdaryaopa ApavAmAM kevI mAvajata levAI che tenI vAta karatAM chaMdanI vAta paNa karI ja che. chatAM Ane eka judo muddo eTalA

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288 | madhyakAlIna gujarAtI jaina sAhitya mATe karavo paDyo che ke kavie chaMdone ahIM khUba lADa laDAvyAM che. kavi chaMdaprayojanA pratye sabhAna che, tethI to kRtinuM zIrSaka ja "guNaratnAkara chaMda' rAkhyuM che. prathama adhikAranI 18mI kaDImAM kavi svasaMkalpa chato karatAM kahe che : AMNI nava nava baMdha, nava nava iMdeNa nava navA bhAvA, guNaratnAkara chaMde vassidha guNa dhUlibhaddasya. vaLI kavi 37mI kaDImAM kahe che - nava nava gAha kavitarasa, dUhA chaMda rasAla, raMgavinoda guNI taNA, havaI bolauM causAla. 38mI kaDImAM kahe che - chaMda chaMda sahu ko bhaNai, chaMda vinA cauM chaMda, chaMdau kari jANaI ji ke teha dhari parimANaMda, ahIM upayogamAM levAyelA chaMdonAM baMdhAraNa ke mApa vize tajJo ja vadhu kahI zake paNa eTaluM to spaSTa che ke ahIM vaparAyelA chaMdomAM ghaNuM vaividhya che. emAMthI cAraNI chaMdolayanuM viziSTa saMgIta ane raNako pedA thAya che. TheraThera AvatA ravAnukArI zabdo, jhaDajhamaka, prAsAnuprAsanI ene saMgata maLI che ane A kRtinuM e mahattvanuM AbhUSaNa banI AvyuM che. kavie kaDIsamUhone mathALe chaMdonI noMdha paNa karI che. A be akSarI AryA, reDakI, chappaya, sArasI, duhA, maDayad, tribhaMgI, lIlAvatI. vRddhanArA, pAdhaDI, hATakI, bhujaMgaprayAta. aDayala, rasAulau. muttAdAma vagere chaMdo noMdhAyelA maLe che. e badhAmAM duhA to pracura mAtrAmAM che. uparAMta reDakI ane hATakI chaMdanI paNa vipulatA dekhAya che. lIlAvatI chaMdamAM racAyelI eka kaDI juo : cAlaI camakatala, thamamikatI, ramajhama katI, ThamakatI, rUDau dIsatau, mukhi bolata, haya hIMsatI, rIMnaMta, lIlA laTakaMtI, kara jhaTakaMtau, kSaNi caTakaMtI vilanaMtI, puNavatali paDatauM, putra AkhaDatala, na rahaI raDatauM, ThaNakata. vRddhanArAja chaMdanuM eka udAharaNa juo : cahnati mora citta cora hAvabhAva maMDae, jUvatti matti ratta citta hatyi nakhi khaMDae, avaMga raMga aMga aMga kosi vezi dambae, kaDakha cakha tIra tinma tikikha tikikha mUkae. A kRtimAM kavinAM bodha, nirIkSaNo, samAja-vyakti-vRtti vizenAM anubhavajJAna aneka jagAe verAyelAM che ane e badhu paNa kRtine enI rIte ghATa ApavAmAM kAme lAgyuM che. AraMbhe ja sarasvatI devInI mahimA-prazasti 17 kaDI sudhI cAle che.

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sahajasundara ane "guNaratnAkara chaMda' D 289 te uparAMta pratyeka adhikArano AraMbha kavi zAradAnA nAmasmaraNathI kare che. pADalapura nagarIno ThAThamATha ne vaibhava codeka kaDI roke che. vezyA premanAM kevAM nATaka karI zake tenI vigato ane zuM-zuM paraharavuM joIe tenI yAdI kavi Ape che. kozAne mukhe kavie akulIna kugRhiNInAM kUDakapaTa kahevaDAvyAM che. piyu strIne vaza kevI rIte thAya enA tarIkA ahIM che. rAjA kevo hoya che, saMsAra kevo asAra che, yauvananuM pApI pUra kevA unmAdo karAve che tenI vAta kavi kare che. saMsAra ane janma kevA vedanApUrNa che te kahevAne saMdarbhe garbhadhAraNa ane pratimAsa thatA garbhavikAsanI vIgato ahIM rajU thaI che. je pApo karI narakamAM jAya che te kevI vedanA bhogave che teno citAra, madananI vyApti ane viSayavAsanAno droha paNa ahIM varNavAyAM che. keTalAMka udAharaNo joIe : * viSaya vakhANyau pIDIu, agani taNI jima jhAla, vinaya viveka vilAsanauM vana bAlaI tatakAla. (4.5) * jinamAragi dhADU karai, mayaNa thaI avadhUta, kuNa sevaI te pApIuM, naraga taNI je dUta. (4.47) * mora ghaNauM nAcaI ramai, paNi paga joI roya, tima utapati chaI ApaNI, garava ma karasyau koya. (4.16). A badhA vize vAta karatAM aneka upamAo, rUpako, dRSTAMtone to kavie upayogamAM lIdhAM ja che, citro paNa UbhAM karyAM che. kRtinI bodhAtmakatA paNa kAvyano aMza banIne Ave che. A kRtinA bAhyAMtaramAM je kAvyAtmaka-AsvAdya aMzo che te badhuM ja enA kata sahajasundaranI kevaLa potIkI sarjakapratibhAmAMthI prakaTI AvyuM che ema to kema ja kahevAze ! madhyakALanA badhA ja kavio viSaya ke enI abhivyakti paratve paraMparA sAthenA sAMdhaNathI alipta nathI ja, premAnaMda sudhdhAM. eTale ahIM paNa chaMdo, enuM saMgIta, varNano, alaMkAro, jhaDajhamaka, zabdacAturI, ravAnukArI zabdayojanA e badhA upara paraMparAno prabhAva paNa hovAno ja. paNa e svIkAryA pachI paNa, ApaNane A kRti pUratI sIdhI nisabata che te kAvyasauMdaryanA je aMzo ahIM AsvAdya jaNAyA tenI noMdha levAno A namra prayAsa che.

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bAlAvabodhakAra merusuMdaragaNi ane temano 'zIlopadezamAlA bAlAvabodha' zIlopadezamAlA bAlAvabodha'nA kartA upAdhyAya merusuMdara vikramanA soLamA zatakanA pUrvArdhamAM thaI gayA. teo kharataragacchanA prasiddha AcArya jinabhadrasUri (vi.saM.1449-1514)nA paTTaziSya AcArya jinacandrasUri (vi.saM.1487-1530)nA ziSya vAcaka ratnamUrtigaNinA ziSya hatA. temanI kRtionA AdhAre temanuM vihArakSetra gujarAta, rAjasthAna ane madhyapradezamAM hovAnuM jANI zakAya che. temanA jIvana vize vadhu koI mAhitI maLatI nathI. ramaNIka zAha merusuMdara upAdhyAya temanA racelA bAlAvabodhone lIdhe prasiddha che. atyAra sudhI temanA racelA soLa bAlAvabodho maLI AvyA che H 1. zatruMjayastavana (2.saM.1518), 2. puSpamAlA prakaraNa (1523), 3. SaDAvazyakasUtra (1525), 4. zIlopadezamAlA (1525), 5. SaSTizatakaprakaraNa (1527), 6. karpUraprakarastotra (1531), 7. vAgbhaTAlaMkAra(1535), .. bhakatAmarastotra, 9. bhAvArivAraNastotra, 10. kalpaprakaraNa, 11. paMcanigraMthIprakaraNa. 12. yogazAstra, 13. vidagdhamukhamaMDana, 14. vRttaratnAkara, 15. upadezamAlA ane 16. atizAMti stavana. ATalI kRtio paranA temanA bAlAvabodho maLe che jemAM SaSTizataka', 'vAgbhaTAlaMkAra' (bannenA saMpAdaka DaoN. bho. ja. sAMDesarA) ane 'zIlopadezamAlA'(DaoN. harivallabha bhAyANI, DaoN. ramaNIka zAha vagere) 52nA ema traNa bAlAvabodho prakAzita thayA che. A bAlAvabodho uparAMta temanA nAme praznottarapadazataka' nAme eka gujarAtI racanA ane cha jeTalA nAnAnAnA saMskRta prAkRta, apabhraMza stotro paNa maLe che. gujarAta-rAjasthAnanA hastapratabhaMDAronI jhINavaTabharI tapAsa thAya to temanA racelA vadhu bAlAvabodho maLI AvavA saMbhava che. upalabdha bAlAvabodhonI saMkhyA joIne paNa ApaNe merusuMdaragaNine bAlAvabodhakAromAM agraNI mAnI zakIe. bAlAvabodhonI yAdI jotAM jaNAya che ke upAdhyAyajIe vividha viSayonA nAnAmoTA saMskRta-prAkRta graMthone gujarAtImAM utAryA che. 'vRttaratnAkara',

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bAlAvabodhakAra merusuMdaragaNi ane temano "zIlopadezamAlA bAlAvabodha' D 291 'vAbhadAlaMkAra' ane 'vidagdhamukhamaMDana' jevA kAvyazAstranA jainetara graMthonA bAlAvabodho potAnA ziSyone kAvyAlaMkAranI samaja ApavA teoe racya jaNAya che, jyAre "zIlopadezamAlA', upadezamAlA', puSpamAlA', "SaSTizataka' AdinA bAlAvabodho navadIkSita ziSyo temaja sAdhAraNa jJAna dharAvatA zrAvakone dharmanAM tattvono bodha karAvavAnA uddezathI racya jaNAya che. upAdhyAyajI samakSa te samaye Adarza rUpe taruNaprabhasUri, somasuMdarasUri, jinasAgarasUri Adi racita bAlAvabodho hatA. "SaDAvazyaka bAlAvabodha'nI prazastimAM temaNe jaNAvyuM che ke taruNaprabhasUriracita "paDAvazyaka bAlAvabodha' anusAra pote A bAlAvabodha racI rahyA che. temanA upalabdha bAlAvabodhomAM mAtra sAtanA racanAvarSanI noMdha maLe che. temAM prathama "zatruMjayastavana bAlA.'nI racanA vi.saM.1518mAM thayAnuM ane chellA vAbhadAlaMkAra bAlA."nI racanA vi.saM.1535mAM thayAnI noMdha che. bAkInA paNa A samayagALAnI AjubAju ja racAyA hovAnuM kahI zakAya. vaLI 'paDAvazyaka', zIlopadezamAlA' ane "SaSTizataka prakaraNa' A traNanA bAlAvabodha maMDapadurga eTaleke hAlanA madhyapradezamAM Avela mAMDu ke mAMDavagaDhamAM rahIne teoe traNeka varSanA gALAmAM racyA che. temanA prakAzita ane aprakAzita bAlAvabodho jotAM pahelI najare jaNAI AvatI viziSTatA temanuM lAghava che. nirarthaka laMbANa vinA ja teo mULanA arthane gujarAtImAM saraLatA ane sacoTatAthI utArI zakyA che. saMskRta, prAkRta ane apabhraMza bhASAnA tathA jaina sAhityanA teo prakhara jJAtA hatA. uparAMta bhAratIya sAhitya ane kAvyAlaMkArazAstranuM temanuM jJAna paNa UMDuM hatuM tenA purAvA temanA bAlAvabodhomAM TheraThera maLe che. "zIlopadezamAlA bAlAvabodha' upAdhyAyajInI yazasvI kRti che. te "sIlovaesamAlA' ('zIlopadezamAlA') nAmaka kRtinA bAlAvabodha rUpe racAyela che. mULa "zIlopadezamAlA' mahArASTra prAkRta bhASAmAM gAthA ke Aya chaMdamAM, 114 padyamAM racAyelI che. tenA kartA koI jayasiMhasUriziSya jayakati nAme che. A guru-ziSya vize koI mAhitI maLatI nathI. paraMtu eka prasiddha prAkRta racanA dhamopadezamAlA' ane tenA paranuM vivaraNa racanAra jayasiMhasUri nAmaka AcAryuM vi.saM.915mAM te graMtha racyAnI noMdha che. uparyukta jayasiMhasUri te ja hoya to temanA ziSya jayakIrtino samaya anumAne vikramanI dazamI zatAbdI gaNI zakAya. zIlopadezamAlA'mAM zIla eTale ke cAritryapAlanaviSayaka upadeza ApavAmAM Avyo che. dRSTAMtarUpe temAM zIlapAlana karanAra athatui ekapativrata ke ekapatnIvratanuM AcaraNa karanAra aneka mahAna strIpuruSono nirdeza che. zIlabhaMgathI thatI hAni ane zIlapAlanathI thatA laukika-alaukika lAbhonuM varNana

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292 | madhyakAlIna gujarAtI jaina sAhitya jaina sAhityamAM pracalita udAharaNo dvArA karI sAmAnya janone zIlanuM mahattva samajAvavAno kavino AmAM uddeza che. "zIlopadezamAlA'nI seMkaDo hastaprato jaina jJAnabhaMDAromAM maLe che te hakIkata te racanAnuM jaina samAjamAM keTaluM mahattvapUrNa sthAna hatuM te davi che. A "zIlopadezamAlA' para saMskRta bhASAmAM paNa cAra TIkAo racAyAnI noMdha che. temAMnI eka "zIlataraMgiNI'nI racanA rudrapalIyagacchanA A. saMghatilakasUrinA paTTaziSya A. somatilakasUri aparanAma vidyAtilake vi.saM. 1394 (I.sa.1337)mAM karela che. A TIkAne anusarIne merasuMdaragaNie bAlAvabodhanI racanA karI che tema jaNAya che. merusuMdaragaNinA bAlAvabodha sAthe maLI gujarAtI bhASAmAM paNa naveka jeTalA bAlAvabodho "zIlopadezamAlA para racAyA che. temAM be merusuMdara pUrvenA ane bAkInA merusuMdaranI racanA pachInA che. te badhA hajI aprasiddha che - hastapratomAM ja rahelA che. merusuMdaragaNie zIlopadezamAlAnA bAlAvabodhanI racanA vi.saM.1525 (I.sa. 1469)mAM maMDapadurgamAM rahIne karelI. zrImAlajJAtinA saMghapati dhanarAjanI prArthanAthI bhavyajanonA upakAra mATe lekhake A racanA karI tevI noMdha prazastimAMthI maLe che. mULa gAthA ApI eno anuvAda karavo ane vacce agharA zabdonI samajUtI ApatA javI evI khAsa karIne bAlAvabodhanI paripATI hoya che. ahIM paNa e ja paddhati marasuMdara upAdhyAye apanAvI che. udAharaNa tarIke, "velI eha ji zIla - upari laukika RSinA dRSTAMta dekhADatu kahaI - je loe vi suNijjaI niyatava-mAhathva-rajiya-jayA vi | divAyaNa-visphAmitta-pamuha-muNiNo vi pababhaTha 58 vyAkhyA : je loka mAhi IsiluM sAMbhalI che je ApaNA tapanaI mahAbhyAM karI jagatraya raMjavI dvIpAyana vizvAmitra RSi pramukha pArAsarAdi parasAni evaDA. RSi hUA, te paNi strInA hAva, bhAva, kaTAkSakSepa, vacana, zRMgAra dekhI zIlaCtA bhaSTa thayA. paNi te RSi kehavA chaI ? sUkI sevAla, sUkAM palAsanAM patra, kaMda mUla bhakSaNa. karatA chaI. ehavA RSi zIla-hUMtA cUkA. [8] hivaI IhAM te RSinI kathA kahII -" Ama saraLa bhAvArtha ApI pachI kavi gAthAmAM AvatA dRSTAMtane kathA rUpe mUke che. A kathAkathanamAM ja merusuMdaranI sarjakazaktinAM ApaNane darzana thAya che. zIlopadezamAlAmAM AvatAM dRSTAMto parathI upAdhyAyajIe bAlAvabodhamAM 43 nAnImoTI kathAo AlekhI che. mULa 114 gAthAonI vyAkhyAno vistAra A

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bAlAvabodhakAra merusuMdaragaNi ane temano "zIlopadezamAlA bAlAvabodha' D 293 kAraNe 6000 graMthAgra jeTalo thayo che. Ama A bAlAvabodha eka kathAkoza jevo banI rahyo che. AmAM nIcenI kathAo Ave che -- zIla upari : 1. guNasuMdarInI kathA. zIlabhaMza upari = 2. kapAyana RSinI kathA, 3. vizvAmitra RSinI kathA. zIla upariH 4. nArada muninI kathA. strIdAsatva upari : 5. ripumardana rAjAnuM dRSTAMta, 6. indranuM dRSTAMta, 7. vijayapAla rAjAnuM dRSTAMta, 8. harinI kathA, 9. haranI kathA, 10. brahmAnI kathA, 11. caMdranI kathA, 12. sUryanI kathA, 13. IndranI kathA. viSayanI prabaLatA upara : 14. AdrakumAranI kathA, 15. naMdiSeNanI kathA, 16. rathaneminI kathA. kAmavijetA zIlavaMta mahAtmAnAM caritra : 17. nemicaritra, 18. mallinAtha caritra. 19. sthUlabhadra caritra, 20. vajasvAmI caritra, 21. sudarzana zreSThi kathA. 22. vaMkacUla kathA. satIcaritra : 23. satI subhadrAnI kathA, 24. madanarekhA kathA, 25. satI suMdarI kathA, 26. aMjanAsuMdarI kathA, ra7. narmadAsuMdarI kathA, 28. ratisuMdarI kathA. 29. RSidattA kathA, 30. davadatI kathA, 31. kamalA satI kathA, 32. kalAvatI kathA, 33. zIlavatI kathA, 34. naMdayaMtI kathA, 35. rohiNI kathA. zIlabhraSTanuM udAharaNa : 36. kUlavAluAnI kathA. satIcaritra : 37. drupadInI kathA. asatInI kathA : 38. nUpurapaMDitAnI kathA, 39. dattaduhitAnI kathA. 40. (agaDadatta) madanamaMjarI kathA, 41. pradezI rAjAnI rANInI kathA. satIcaritra : 42. sItA, 43. dhanazrI. AmAMnAM 2, 3, 4, 6 ane 8thI 13 sudhInAM kathAnako ghaNAM nAnAM che - keTalAMka to eka phakarAmAM samAya tevaDAM. A badhAM kathAnako hiMdu purANakathAonA AdhAre AlekhAyAM che. bAkInAM kathAnako pramANamAM moTAM ane keTalAMka to ghaNA vistAravALAM che. e badhAMnAM mULa jaina Agamika sAhitya (mULa Agamo, niyukti, cUrNa Adi TIkAo vagere) ane pachInA mahArASTra prAkRta kathAsAhityamAM rahelAM che. udAharaNa rUpe rathaneminI kathAnuM mULa uttarAdhyayana sUtra che. draupadInI kathA ane mallInI kathA jJAtAdharmakathAmAM che ane pradezI rAjAnI kathAnuM mULa rAjaprazrIya sUtra che. te agaDadatta-madanamaMjarInI kathA, narmadA suMdarInI kathA, damayaMtI kathA AdinAM mULa vasudevahiMDI'mAM rahela che. dhanazrInuM dRSTAMta "samarAieNkahA'mAM che. jyAre keTalIka kathAo lokakathA sAhityamAMthI prAkRta sAhityamAM avatarI ane pachI pallavita thaI che. udAharaNa tarIke, nUpurapaMDitAnI kathA, dattaduhitAnI kathA ityAdi. mULa prAcIna sAhityamAM mAtra nAmanirdeza hoya tevAM keTalAMka dRSTAMto

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294 | madhyakAlIna gujarAtI jaina sAhitya pAchaLathI pallavita thatAM thatAM lAMbI kathAnuM rUpa dhAraNa kare che. "kahArayaNa kosa' akhANayamaNikosa" jevA prAkRta kathAkozagraMthomAM AvI aneka kathAo saMgrahAI che. dharmadAsagapaNanI upadezamAlA', haribhadrasUrinI 'upadezapada ane bIjI paNa puSpamAlA', "bhavabhAvanA', 'uttarAdhyayana sUtra' Adi kRtionI saMskRta-prAkRta TIkAomAM AvI kathAone pallavita thavA khUba avakAza maLyo. te ja paraMparA gujarAtImAM UtarI AvI ane 'upadezamAlA', "puSpamAlA', "paDAvazyaka sUtra', bhavabhAvanA' jevA graMthonA bAlAvabodhomAM vividha prakAre AvI vividha kathAo gujarAtI bhASAmAM mukAvA lAgI. A ja rIte uparyukta kathAo "zIlopadezamAlA'nA bAlAvabodhamAM paNa nirUpAI che. pahelAM kahyuM tema "zIlopadezamAlA bAlAvabodha' "zIlataraMgiNI' nAmaka saMskRta TIkAnA AdhAre racAyelI che. jANe ke teno mukta anuvAda che. chatAM vyAkhyAnakAra tarIkenI upAdhyAya merusuMdaranI naisargika kuzaLatAne kAraNe samagratayA eka AgavI mudrA pragaTAve che. upAdhyAya merusuMdaranI AvI vizeSatAo nIcenA pAMca muddAomAM rahelI (1) bhASAnI saraLatA, akRtrimatA ane pravAhitA : 'zIlopadezamAlA bAlAvabodha'nI bhASA bolacAlanI saraLa bhASA che. vinA AyAsa te pravAhabaddha vahyA kare che. mULa graMthanI prAkRta bhASAnI tathA TIkAnI saMskRta bhASAnI sAdhAraNa asara tenA para che ane kyAMkakyAMka phArasI zabdo paNa temAM dekhA de che. paraMtu ekaMdara te kartAnA samayanI bolavAmAM vaparAtI gujarAtI bhASA che. DaoN. harivallabha bhAyANIe A bAlAvabodhanA gadyane tatkAlIna kathAkathananA gujarAtI gadyanuM pratinidhi kahyuM che te yogya ja che. (2) kathAonI navI rIte - navA parivezamAM rajUAta H "zIlopadezamAlA. bAlAvabodhIne gujarAtImAM utAratI veLAe kavi samakSa tatkAlIna bRhad gujarAtI samAja hato, jenA AgavA rItarivAjo, AgavI saMskRti hatI. AthI svAbhAvika rIte ja temaNe kathAone navA parivezamAM mUkI che. jema bhASA gujarAtI thaI gaI tema mULano pariveza badalAIne gujarAtI banI gayo. saMskRta-prAkRtanI alaMkAramaya zailI choDIne kavie ahIM sIdhI saraLa rajUAtanI zailI apanAvI che. chatAM ahIM kathAo kevaLa muddAonI noMdha na banI rahetAM sAvaMta vArtArasane jALave che. (3) navAM pAtra ke prasaMgano umero : kavie mULa kathAnakane navA parivezamAM mUkatAM kyAMkakyAMka navAM pAtro mUkyo che. navA prasaMgo mUkyA che. to kyAMka mULanAM kaMlpanone navo artha Apyo che. vaLI pAtrono caritravikAsa temaNe AgavI rIte ja sAdhyo che. (4) saraLa, alaMkAra ane ADaMbararahita chatAM asarakAraka varNano :

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bAlAvabodhakAra merusuMdaragaNi ane temano 'zIlopadezamAlA bAlAvabodha' ] 295 prakRtinA bhAvo ke mAnavabhAvonuM nirUpaNa karavA mATe kavie varNanono saMyamita upayoga karyo che. moTA bhAge betraNa vAkyomAM ja kavi prakRtivarNana ApI de che ke mAnavapAtronI lAkSaNikatAo sUcavI de che. paraMtu kyAMkakyAMka madhyakAlIna rUDhi mujaba prAsabaddha TUMkAM varNakono paNa upayoga temaNe karyo che. (5) coTadAra saMvAdo H kavie prasaMgonuM sIdhuM nirUpaNa na karatAM saMvAdo pAsethI ghaNA bhAge te kAma lIdhuM che. temanA saMvAdo rasika chatAM sIdhA ane sacoTa hoya che. TUMkAmAM TUMkA vAkyomAM pAtro vaccenA saMvAdo kavi goThave che ane te dvArA dhArI asara nipajAve che. A pAMce vizeSatAo mahadaMze samagra bAlAvabodhamAM badhI kathAomAM jovA maLe che. eka nAnakaDI kathAmAM paNa A pAMce vizeSatAo kevI vaNAI gaI che te joIe. paurANika prasaMga "yadA kAli dakSa nAmA prajApati sau kanyAnau pradAna karivA lAgau, tivArai sattAvIsa kanyA caMdrana dIdhI. ima saghalIi kanyA detAM detAM eka kanyA rahI. koi va2 na dekhai. Izvara bhasmAMgI, galai jhuMDamAlA, hAthi khappara, vAhana vRSabha ehavau dekhI kanyA gaurI Izvaranai deI nizciMta hUMu. tivAra pachai dakSa prajApatii jAga mAMDiu. tihAM sarva jamAI teA. ApaNI ApaNI ruddhii sarva jamAI AvyA. paNi ruSi Izvara na teDiu, jANiuM - ehavai kurUpa jamAi Avii amArI mAma jAsii. strIdAsatvanAM udAharaNomAM bAlAvabodhakAre A rIte Alekhyo che H dakSayajJabhaMgano pachai aneka vrIhi java tila samidhAdi sarva yAganA upakaraNa melyA. manuSyanAM sahasra milyAM chai. brAhmaNa vyAsa trivADI dave ojhA paMDyA AcArya mizra ruSi joSI tihAM sarva milyA chauM. tisii nArada RSi paNi na teDiu, jANiuM kalaha risai. pachai e vAta nAdiI jANI. nArada Izvara samIpi gayauM, jounai, dakSa nAmA prajApatii sahU teDiu, paNi tuM eka ja na teDau. tu Aja tAharI mAma jAsii.' Izvari kahiuM 'RSi ! syuM kIjai ?' kahiuM - 'jai ApaNu parAkrama dekhADi.' pachai Izvara gaurI sahita tihAM Aviu, tuhI dakSa prajApatii bolAviu nahI. pachai gaurii apamAna pAmI agnikuMDa mAhi jhAMpa dIdhI. tisi6 Izvara rIsANau, Agneya zastra mUkiuM. tiNi pralayakAla sarIkhau agnidAgha Upanau. yAganA loka sarva disodisi nAThA. INai prastAvi gaurInau viraha aNusahata amRti karI te agnikuMDa sIMcauM, gaurI jIvADI, sneha lagai ApaNau ardha aMga dIdhau. tivAra pachI ardhanArInaTezvara e nAma hUu." - (9. haranI kathA) A udAharaNamAM upara jaNAvelI pAMce lAkSaNikatAo joI zakAya che. ahIM

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296 | madhyakAlIna gujarAtI jaina sAhitya nAnAM nAnAM vAkyomAM alaMkAra ane ADaMbararahita evo bhASAno pravAha akRtrimapaNe vahe che. e ja rIte gujarAtI parivezano saphaLa viniyoga ahIM jovA maLe che. dakSane ghera ekaThA thayelA brAhmaNomAM vyAsa, tripAThI, dave, ojhA, paMDyA. AcArya, mizra, RSi. joSInI gaNatarI madhyakAlIna gujarAtImAM yajJaprasaMge ekaThA thayelA gujarAtI brAhmaNonI yAda Ape che. nAradanA pAtranuM Agamana ane tenA dvArA mahAdevanI uzkeraNI e kavinI AgavI kalpanA che. nArada ane mahAdevano TUMko ane chatAM sacoTa saMvAda kavinI saMvAda dvArA ghaNuM sAdhavAnI kaLAno dyotaka che. cArapAMca vizeSaNothI ja mahAdevanA vyaktitvano paricaya ane yajJanA vinAzanuM ekadama TUMkuM varNana kavinI varNanazaktinA ane lAghavanA namUnArUpa che.

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yazovijayakRta "samudra-vahANa saMvAda ramaNa sonI yazovijayanI A kRti "samudra-vahANa saMvAda', ke puSpikAmAM nirdeza che ema samudra-vAhaNa vivAda rAsa' (racanA I.1661), paraMparAnA mALakhAmAM rahIne paNa ghaNI vizeSatAo pragaTa karatI eka lAkSaNika kAvyaracanA che. tarkasamRddha dalIla-paraMparAno emAM rasaprada jIvaMta saMvAdo tarIke viniyoga thayo che to kAvyaprayuktio tarIke zabda-arthanA alaMkArono camatkRtisAdhaka temaja kyAMka sauMdaryasAdhaka upayoga paNa thayo che. tapagacchanA navijayaziSya A jaina sAdhu kAzImAM nyAya, mImAMsA Adino abhyAsa karI nyAyavizArada' banelA ane tarkazAstranA adhyayane 'tArkikaziromaNi'nuM biruda emane maLeluM e vidyopAsanAno lAbha emanI 'jaMbusvAmI rAsa' ne divyaguNapayayi rAsa' jevI mahattvanI kRtione tema A kRtine paNa maLelo joI zakAya che. kAvyanA AraMbhe vastunirdezanI sAthe ja prayojana paNa spaSTa kareluM che emAM. samudra ane vahANanA vRttAntamAMthI phalita thanAra mata karo koI gumAna' evA upadezamAM dharmadraSTi che to bIjI eka kaviSTi paNa che : kavi kahe che ke A kathA 'kautaka kAraNe" - vismayanA AnaMda mATe - paNa karI che jethI sAMbhaLanAranAM mana ullAsa pAme. - 'jima vasaMta sahakAra'. zarUAtamAM ne aMte kavie ghaTanAsaMdarbha bAMdhyo che - dariyApAra jatA vepArIo kuTuMbanI vidAya laI dharmavidhivat prayANa kare che ne aMte samRddhi raLI lAvI svAgata pAme che, enI vacce, sajIvAropaNanI vyApaka paraMparAmAM dRDha thayelI prayukti rUpe vahANa ane samudrano vAda-vivAda nirUpAyo che. kAvyanuM kendrIya vastu to, alabatta, A saMvAda ja che. vividha dezIo ne duhAnA baMdhavALA 17 DhALanI 286 kaDIomAM vistarelI A kAvyaracanAmAM pahelI DhALathI ja kavinI zabdazaktino ne tarkakauzalano paricaya thAya che. madhadariyAno uchALa ane garjana samudranA garviSTha vyaktitva rUpe cAkSuSa thavA mAMDe che. A garva ame vahANano puNyaprakopa zarU thAya e pahelAM kavie samudranI svaguNaprazastine, Atmaratine eka sarasa zRMgArika dRSTAntathI asarakAraka rIte darzAvI che : garve nijaguNa bole, na suNe parakahyo re; rasa navi die te nArI kuca jima nija rahyo re.

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298 madhyakAlIna gujarAtI jaina sAhitya kavinI marmazaktino paricaya ahIM maLe che. kAvyane rasaprada ne lokapriya karavA mATe camatkRti nipajAvatA zabdanA alaMkArone paNa emaNe prayojyA che. samudranI khAsiyata batAvatI be ja paMktimAM dariyA, bhariyA, tariyA, DariyA, paravariyA evA AMta-prAsavALA ekadhArA zabdomAM A kauzala dekhAya che. paNa kavinI varNasUjha UMDI paNa che ne ethI alaMkaraNa kAvya-sauMdarya nipajAvanAruM paNa banI AvyuM che. samudra potAnI siddhinI vAta kare che e AlekhanamAM AvI suMdara paMktio maLe che ? tAjI re muja vanarAji, jihAM che tAla tamAla, jAtiphala dala komala, lalita lavaMga rasAla; bakula mukula vali alikula mukhara sakhara macakuMda ane AgaLa 10mI DhALamAM, kALanuM sarvazaktimAnapaNuM AlekhAyuM che tyAM jhUlaNAnA tRta vegamAM varNalayanuM paNa prabhAvaka sauMdarya anubhavAya che : kAla vikarAla karavAla UlALato nizitazira dhAra jaladhAra varase ghaNuM ghaDIbhara kAntanI yAda ApI de evuM padAvalInuM ramaNIya rUpa ahIM racAyuM che. AkhA kAvyamAM vAtacItanA lahekA ne kAku pragaTAvavAmAM ne gharelu bAnI pragaTAvavAmAM kavie bhASAzaktine sArI rIte khape lagADI che. sAgarano ToNo tuja muja vica je aMtaro te mukha kahyo na jAya' ne vahANano vaLato upAlaMbha "tIrathapaNuM, tuja mukhi kahyuM na jAya' - emAM ke, AtmaprazaMsA atizaya zuM karavI, jhAjhuM bakabaka zuM karavuM evA arthamAM 'co karavo kaMThasoSa' (kaThe zoSa paDe ema satata zuM bolavuM), jevA prayogamAM ke "kADha pUrA dUdhamAM re" ane "garaje kahIe khara pitA', jevI kahevatarU5 uktiomAM A lAkSaNikatA dekhAI Avaze. sAmAnya lokacine paNa sparzavA karatI AvI uktio Aje maryAdA rUpa lAge paNa e janamanaraMjana ane prasAranI madhyakAlIna kavitAnI yukti che. A kAvyamAM yazovijayanI uttama zaktino paricaya to saMvAda rUpe mukAyelI dhAradAra takazreNIomAM maLe che. purANasaMdarbhone temaja pracalita lokoktione sahaja rIte vaNatA jaIne emaNe samudranI garviSThatAne temaja, vahANanA prativAdamAM, e garviSThatAnAM upavasanIyatA ane mithyApaNAne asarakAraka rIte upasAvI ApyAM che. samudra kahe che ke huM sakAraNa garva karuM chuM kemake mArAmAM vanarAji, auSadho ne ratno che, mArAmAM zeSanAga vAsa kare che ne lakSmInArAyaNa zayana kare che. tuM halakuM (vajanamAM ne guNe, evA zleSArthamAM) garavAnA guNa zuM jANe ? jema "mUDha na jANe

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yazovijayakRta "samudra-vahANa saMvAda' D 299 parizrama ke huI bhaNatAM sUtra'. vahANa kahe che ke, javA de A guru-kadanuM abhimAna, mahimA to guNamAM moTAno ja hoya. pachI kavi e mATe aneka dRSTAnto Ape che emAM eka, kAvyadRSTie vizeSa noMdhapAtra cheH 'nAnDe akSare graMtha likhAya che, tehano artha te moTo thAe jI'. sAgara potAnA akhUTa jalarAzino ane ene koI sUkavI zakatuM nathI - sUrya paNa nahIM. eno garva kare che to enA uttaramAM vahANa kahe che ke AvuM kahetAM tane zarama AvavI joIe kAraNake tAro jalarAzi kRpaNanA dhana jevo che. pazupaMkhIne paNa kazo kAma Ave che ? eTale to, tArAmAM matsya rahe che, haMsa kadI Ave che ? tuM zoSAyo nathI evI jUThI vAta to karIza ja nahIM. agatye zuM kareluM ? - 'cUlupa karyo ghaTa-suta muni re, tihAM na rahI tuja Teka. dariyAnI eka dalIla to akAdya jevI lAge che. kahe che ke, jo huM dAnavIra chuM. mArA jaLamAMthI vAdaLa baMdhAya, varasAda varase ne vanaspati Uge. e rIte jotAM tArI paNa mArA thakI ja utpatti thaI che. eTale ja, he avinIta, huM tane tAruM chuM. paNa vahANanA uttaramAM sarasa takajALa che ne pachI AkramaNa che. e kahe che ke, tuM kaMI dAna karato nathI. rAjA kRSaNadhana chInavI le ema tAruM pANI vAdaLa chInavI le che - dAnavIra hoya che tuM vAdaLa gAje ne vIjaLI camake tyAre kema bhaya pAme che ? kema cAre bAju mojAM pachADI kaMpe che? tArA khArA jaLane e mIThuM kare che e eno mahimA che, tAro to kazo guNa-aMza paNa nathI, kemake "tRNa gAya bhakSe, dUdha Ape. na te tRNa-guNa lekhiye'. dRSTAntamAM kevI vedhakatA ne arthasabharatA che pachI bIjuM AkramaNa che ke. taravuM e guNa che ne e mArI vizeSatA che), tAravuM e kaMI tAro guNa nathI, ema hoya to paththarane tArI jo ne ! kathAkAranA manoraMjaka ne buddhigamya dRSTAnta-dalIla-kauzalano ahIM paricaya maLe che. potAnA putra caMdra vize sAgara garva kare che tyAre bhaugolika-vAstavika tathyone mAnava-bhAva rUpe A kavi prayoje che tyAM lAkSaNika kalpanAzaktino paricaya thAya che. vahANa kahe che ke tArA abhimAna-garjanathI kSobha pAmIne to tAro putra caMdra AkAzamAM jato rahyo ! eTale ja tyAM e pUjAyo. ne tuM (vaDavAnala rUpI) virahaagnimAM saLage che ! tArA jevo pitA hovAnI lajjA jene che e caMdranI siddhio para tuM zuM joIne garva kare che ? potAnA guNa hoya enA para ja gAjavuM. ahIM pelA jANItA saMskRta subhASitane anusaratI paMktio dRSTAnta rUpe mukAI che : "jima vidyA pustaka rahI, jima valI dhana para-hatya'. (e baMne jema vyartha tema caMdra-sthita guNa tAre mATe vyartha, evI vahANanI dalIla bahu ja caturAIbharI che). AvI, kyAreka DhAla-lAkaDInA dAva jevI lAgatI, vivAda-paraMparAmAM kavinI tarka-pakaDano temaja kalpanAzIlatAno paNa paricaya maLe che ne vidvattAne loka-gamya

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300 D madhyakAlIna gujarAtI jaina sAhitya svarUpe rajU karavAnI kathA-kathana-kuzaLatAnI pratIti paNa thAya che. kAvyanA AraMbhanI be DhALamAM ne pAchaLanI (10thI 13) keTalIka DhALamAM udrakanA aMzo vadhAre che. samudranI guNagAthA, vahANano kopa, kALanI sarvazaktimattAnuM jhUlaNA chaMdamAM mukAyeluM varNana, samudranuM raudra rUpa ('bhUta bhayaMkara sAyara jaba huo' tyAre 'jalanaI joi re aMbara Uchalai, maccha puccha karI vaMka') - AdimAM varNa-zabda-zaktinuM prAdhAnya che, anyatra tarka-arthazaktinuM prAdhAnya che. eTale, aMte, e upadeza racyo bhalo ho, garvatyAga hita kAja' evI lazruti hovA chatAM kAvyaracanAnI ghaNIbadhI vizeSatAo paNa AmAM pragaTa thatI rahI che. dezIonA vaividhyamAM paNa e dekhAya che. ane ethI ja, Aje vAMcatAM pelo garvatyAga upadeza gauNa banI jAya che ne racanAkauzala ja pradhAna ane AsvAdya banI rahe che. madhyakALanA vipula kAvyarAzimAM e ja kAraNe AvI lAkSaNika kRtio judI tarI Ave che ne potAnuM viziSTa sthAna aMkita kare che.

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jinaharSakRta 'vIzI' : tIrthaMkarastavana - garabA rUpe madhyakAlIna gujarAtI jaina sAhityamAM 'covIzI', 'vIzI'ne nAme oLakhAtI stavanaracanAo jANItI che ane vipula pramANamAM maLe che. 'covIzI''vIzI' kRtinAmo ja temanA svarUpane sUcave che. "covIzI' eTale atIta, anAgata ke vartamAna covIsa jinatIrthaMkaronAM covIsa stavano. vIzI' eTale vIsa viharamAna jina tIrthaMkaronAM vIsa stavano. jainetara sAhityanI padamALA prakAranI A stavanamALA hoya che. geyatA ane samagra kRtinI bahAra svataMtra paNa TakI zakavuM e A 'covIzI', 'vIzI'nI stavanamALAnAM stavanonAM sarvasAmAnya lakSaNo che. A 'covIzI', 'vIzI'nAM stavanomAM keTalIka vAra tIrthaMkaronAM jIvana, rUpa (raMga, dehapramANa vagere) vagere vize kavi mAhitI Ape che. keTalIka vAra tIrthaMkaranA vairAgyabhAva, temanI camatkAraka zakti jevA vividha guNonI prazasti paNa karavAmAM Ave che, to keTalIka vAra emAM kavino potAno ja bhakti premabhaktino bhAva pragaTa thayelo hoya che. kIrtidA jozI ghaNA jaina kavioe 'vIzI'nI racanA karI che. emAMnI ghaNI vIzIo paraMparAgata racanAo hoya che paraMtu, jaina sAdhukavi jinaharSanI 'vIzI'* samagra vIzI sAhityamAM keTalIka dRSTie judI tarI Ave che ane ApaNuM dhyAna kheMcyA vinA rahetI nathI. kavi jinaharSanI 'vIzI'nI sauthI pahelI lAkSaNikatA e che ke A 'vIzI'ne kavie garabA rUpe DhALI che. kavi pote ja 'vIzI'ne aMte AvatA kalazamAM kahe che - sArada tuja supasAulai re, mA gAyA garabA vIsa re. garabAnI geyatAnA mukhya AdhAra be che H eka, emAM kavie pasaMda karelI DhALo dezIo. bIjuM, enI dhuvAo. A vIzImAM kavie pratyeka stavananI alaga-alaga ane kalazanI paNa judI ema kula 21 DhALo dezIono upayoga karyo che. eka jaina kavi enI jaina kRtimAM jainetara sAhityanA jANItA garabAnI DhALo dezIono upayoga kare e ja eka noMdhapAtra ghaTanA che. vaLI, e DhALa-dezIonI kavie karelI pasaMdagI paNa lAkSaNika che. kemake, emAMnI keTalIka dezIo mAtAjInA garabAnI che H

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302 | madhyakAlIna gujarAtI jaina sAhitya (1) mA pAvAgaDhathI Utaya, mA. (kalaza,21). (2) Aja mAtA jogiNinaI cAlI jovA jaII. (vizAlajina sta,10) (3) bAI re cAraNi devi. (Izvaraprabhajina .15) (4) gAvau guNa garabI re. (RSabhAnana jina sva.7) mA pAvAgaDhathI UtaryA mA' A DhALa to prasiddha garabAkavi vallabha bhaTTanA mahAkALInA garabAnI che. keTalIka dezIo kRSNabhaktinAM padonI che ? (1) garabau kauMNanai korAvyau ki naMdajI re lAla (sujAtajina rU. 5) (2) navInavI nagarImAM vasaI re sonAra, kAnhajI ghaDAvaI navasara hAra. (anaMtavIjina sta,8) (3) gokala gAMmaI goMdara) jo mahIDau vecaNa gaithI jo. (vajadharajina sta,11) (4) garabe ramavA Avi mAta jasodA tonAM vanavuM re. (caMdrAnanajina rU..12) keTalIka dezIo rAmabhaktinAM padonI che ? (1) more mana mohyau re, rUDA rAma re. (yugamaMdharajina sta2) (2) Avaje garabA ramIyAM rUDA rAma myuM re. (subAhujina sta.4) keTalIka dezIo lokagItanI ane anya che : (1) ho re lAla saravarapAse cIkhalau re lAla, ghoDalA lapasyA jAI. (svayaMprabhajina sta6) (2) hArI lAla naNaMdanA vIrA ho rasiyA, be gorInA nAhalIyA. | (sUraprabhajina sta,9) (3) gIMdUDa mahakaI rAji gIMdUDI mahakaI. (caMdrabAhujina sta..13) (4) sAhibA phUdI lesuMjI. (nemiprabhajina sta, 16) (5) sonalA re keraDI re vAvi, rUpalAnA pagathAlIyA re. (vIrasenajina sva. 17) (6) dala-vAdala ulaTyA ho nadI re nIra calyau. (mahAbhadrajina sva. 18) (7) sAmU kAThA te gahuM pisAvi, ApaNa jAmyAM mAlavaI, - sonAri bhaNaI. devayazAjina sta..19) (8) laTakau thArI re lohArANI re. (ajitavIjina sva. 20) (9) rAjapIyArI bhIlaDI re. (bhujaMgajina sta..14)

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jinaharSakRta "vIzI' tIrthaMkarastavana - garabA rUpe [ 303 (10) UMcA te maMdira mAlIyA naI, nIcaDI sarovara pAlI re mAI. (bAhujina sva.3) (11) pATaNa nagara vakhANIyAM, sakhI mohe re hArI, lakhamI deviki cAlI re, ApaNa dekhivA jaIyaI. (sImaMdharajina rU.1) vIzImAM dezIonI pasaMdagInI jema stavanomAM prayojAyelI dhruvAo paNa vaividhyapUrNa che. ri', "jo', "mA', 'ki, re mAI', ho re lAla' jevI caraNanA AraMbhamAM ane aMte AvatI dhuvAo to jANItI che. koIka vAra be caraNanI vacce paNa dhUvAnuM Ayojana thayuM che. jemake, "sUraprabhajina stavanamAM - haTha kari rahisya tujha sAthi ho rasIyA, piNi tuja keDi na choDilyuM. jau AlaI tala sivasukha Ali horasIyA, nahIM tau jhagaDau mAMDilyuM. ahIM, ho rasIyA' be caraNanI vacce AvatI dhruvA che. e ja rIte "yugamaMdharajina stavana'mAM be caraNanI vacce re' Ave che. vIzI'mAM koIka vAra AkhuM caraNa ke AkhI paMkti dhuvA tarIke Ave che. jemake, "ajitavIyajina stavanamAM - ajitavIraja jina vIsamAM re, tuM tau mohaNa mohaNavelI, maTakala thArAre mukhaDA taNaure. nava kamale sonA taNe re, cAlaI gajagati veli, maTakI thArAre mukhaDA taNaure. joI zakAya che ke maTakau thArA re mukhaDA taNI re. dhruvA tarIke prayojAyuM che. koIka stavanamAM saMkula dhuvAnuM Ayojana thayuM che eTaleke ekathI vadhAre dhuvAonI gUMthaNI thaI che te khAsa dhyAna kheMce che. jemake, "sImaMdharajina rU.mAM - ghari ghari thayA vadhAvaNA vArU vAjaI he sakhI Dhola nIsANa ki, cAlau re. dhavala maMgala gAya goraDI, jovA AvyA he sakhI suranara rANa ki. ahIM bIjA caraNamAM vacce 'he sakhI ane aMte ki', "cAlau re' ane cothA caraNamAM vacce he sakhI' ane aMte ki jovA maLe che te badhI ja kaDIomAM A ja rIte AvatI dhuvAo che. ekAMtara caraNamAM badalAtI dhUvAo e A stavanomAM jovA maLatI eka vizeSa prakAranI dhuvAracanA che. jemake, "RSabhAnanajina stavanamAM - RSabhAnana jina sAtamI guNa prabhujI re, viharamANa jinarAya gAvau guNa prabhujI re.

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304 | madhyakAlIna gujarAtI jaina sAhitya 'guNa prabhujI re' ane 'gAvau guNa prabhujI re A stavananI dhuvAo che. A dhuvAo mAtra eka zabdanA ochAvadhatApaNAthI judI paDe che. paraMtu, anyatra vadhAre zabdapheravALI ekAMtara dhruvA prayojAyelI che. jemake, Izvaraprabhajina stavana'mAM - jagadAnaMda jinaMda, bAIre jagadAnaMda jinaMda, tribhuvana kerI rAjIyauM, bAI Izvara deva. ahIM "bAI re jagadAnaMda jinaMda' ane "bAI re Izvara deva' dhruvAo che. koIka stavanamAM vilakSaNa prakAranI dhruvAracanA jovA maLe che. jemake, 'caMdrabAhujina stavanamAM - zrI caMdrabAhu teramA, tuM taka sAMbhalI re sAhiba, aradAsa, sAMbhalI re sAhiba aradAsa. mohaNagArA sAhilIyA, mana mohyala re prabhujI tujha nAma, mohyala re prabhujI tujha nAma. AI miluM kima tuja bhaNI, navi dIdhI re pAMkhalaDI deva. dIdhI re pAMkhalaDI deva. Ama to, A stavanamAM koI eka ja aMza satata punarAvartana pAmato nathI tethI emAM paraMparAgata dhruvA che ema na kahevAya. paraMtu dareka paMktimAM bIjA caraNano ghaNo bhAga je-te paMktine aMte punarAvartana pAme che. A paddhati AkhA stavanamAM susaMgata rIte anusaravAmAM AvI che. e rIte e eka nizcita padyapaddhati - gAnapaddhati to che ja eTale e arthamAM e dhruvA che. A dhruvAracanAnI bIjI vizeSatA e che ke emAM AkhuM caraNa ke AkhuM vAkya punarAvartana pAmatuM nathI. emAMnA AraMbhanA ekAdabe zabda choDI devAmAM Avela che. Ane kAraNe punarAvartita aMzamAM vAkyartha khaMDita paNa thavA devAmAM Avyo che. A to thaI kRtinI geyatA siddha karavA kavie upayogamAM lIdhelAM upakaraNonI vAta. paraMtu Akhare A to stavanakRti che eTale prabhune vaMdanAprArthanA e kRtino mukhya hetu che. A vaMdanA-prArthanAnI rIti pratyeka stavanamAM vividhatA bharelI che. kavi kyAMka svagatokti kare che. kemake. "sujAtajina stavana ane mahAbhadrajina stavana'mAM. "sujAtajina stavana'mAM - * huM tau bhava duHkha mAhi pIDANa3 ki. * tume chau mArA aMtarajAmI ki. khamijyo prabhujI mahArI khAmI re ki. * aganaI dhagadhagatI pUtalIyAM ki, mujanaI tehanI saMgati milIyAM ki.

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jinaharSakRta "vIzI' : tIrthaMkarastavana - garabA rUpe [ 305 tathA "mahAbhadrajina stavana'mAM - maI jIva saMtApyA ho, Ala vacana kahyAM. maI abrahma sevyA ho, dAna adata grahyAM. e udgAromAM kavi prabhu pAse pote karelA pApano ekarAra kare che ane potAne kSamA ApavA vinaMtI kare che. sAmAnya rIte puruSa karatAM strI vadhu saMvedanazIla hoya che. kavie strInA A vizeSa guNane dhyAnamAM rAkhIne kRtimAM strIpAtrano praveza karAvIne prabhune vaMdanA karI che. jemake, "bAhujina stavana.' A stavanamAM eka strI ane eka prasaMge bAhujinasvAmInAM darzana thayelAM e prasaMganI anubhUti potAnI mAtAne kahe che e rIte kavie bAhujina svAmInI smaraNavaMdanA karI che : rAmati ramilA huM gaI, morI sahIyara keraI sAthi re mAI. A rIte svatanano AraMbha thAya che ane pachI bAhujinasvAmInA vaibhava, vizeSatA ane rUpa vize vAta Ave che. "sImaMdharajina stavana', "vIrajina stavana' ane devayazAjina stavana'mAM saMvAda-ubodhananI rIti che. "sImaMdharajina stavanamAM eka strI tenI sakhIne saMbodhIne kahe che - sakhI zreyAMsa ghare jAya putra ratatra ki. cAlI re, ApaNa dekhavA jaIyai, nayaNe kumAra nihAlIyaI. ane pachI sImaMdharasvAmInA janmanA vadhAmaNAthI mAMDIne temanAM yauvana, lagna, rAjayAbhiSeka ane saMyama sudhInA prasaMgo sakhIne kahe che. vaLI, sImaMdharasvAmInI prazasti karatAM kahe che ke e eTalA mahAna che ke Indra-indrANI paNa temanI AratI utAre che ane temanA darzana mAtrathI bhavobhavanAM kukarmo bhasma thaI jAya che. e ja rIte, "vIrasenajina stavana'mAM paNa eka sakhI tenI bIjI sakhIne kahe che - sahIro re caturasujANa, Avau vIrasena naMdivA re, choDI re viSaya vikAra, kIjai prabhunI cAkarI re, dharIyAM re hIyaDaI dhyAna karama khAi bhava keraDAM re. prastuta stavanamAM potAnA pApano ekarAra karIne svAmI vIrasenanI kRpA prApta karavAnI vAta kavie sakhImukhe karI che. devayazAjina stavanamAM patnI patine kahe che - kitA suNi ho kahuM eka vAta, ApaNe jANyuM prema suM, gorI ema bhaNaI. A stavanamAM devayazAsvAmInA mohaka, surabhiyukta rUpanI vAta patnI patine kare che. vaLI, ema paNa kahe che ke temanI AgaLa AnaMdano rAsa ramIne, cAlo, ApaNe

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306 D madhyakAlIna gujarAtI jaina sAhitya dhanyatA prApta karIe. A rIte saMvAda-udbodhananI rIti kRtimAM nATyAtmaka chaTA pragaTa kare che. keTalAMka stavanomAM premabhaktino manobhAva pragaTa thayo che ane e bhAvamAM tIrthaMkarasvAmIne vaMdanA thaI che. jemake, "sUra,bhajina stavana.' ahIM prabhu kavine mana rasiyo sAjana che. tuM tau hArI jIvana prANa ho rasiyA, tuM tau hArA hoyaDAnI hA ho rasiyA. tIrthaMkarasvAmI sAthe potAno bhakta-bhagavAnathI vizeSa judo saMbaMdha che. jainetara sAhityanI premalakSaNAbhaktinuM smaraNa karAve evI A stavanaracanA che. vizAlajina stavana', "caMdrabAhujina stavanaane "bhujaMgajina stavana'mAM prabhu sAthe kavie "sAhiba-sevakano nAto bAMdhIne e tIrthaMkaradevane vaMdanA karI che. huM sevaka prabhu tuma taNake, tuM mAharau sAhiba sukhavAsa. tIrthaMkarasvAmInA rUpa eTaleke temanA raMga, dehapramANa vagere vize mAhitI ApIne ane temanA vizeSa guNanI prazasti karIne vaMdanA karavAnI eka paraMparAgata rIti che, paraMtu kavi jinaharSe je-te tIrthaMkaranA rUpa vize A kRtimAM sIdhI mAhitI ja mAtra ApI nathI. hA, e Ave che kharI paNa anuSaMge Ave che. jemake, Izvaraprabhajina stavana', 'bAhujina stavana'. A stavanomAM tIrthaMkaranA guNonI prazasti karavA, emanI vizeSatA siddha karavA mATe ja kavie temane rUpa vize mAhitI ApI che. noMdhapAtra to e che ke dehapramANa to koI stavanamAM noMdhAyuM nathI. juo "Izvaraprabhajina sta.'mAM - prabhunI kAyA re kaMcaNa sArikhI re etau jhalakaI teja apAra. 'bAhujina stavana'mAM - niramala kAyA jehanI, kSIravaraNa lohI naI maMsa re mAI. sAsa UsAsa sugaMdhatA, jANe kamalakusuma avataMsa re mAI. 'vIzI'nuM "Izvaraprabhajina stavana' paNa lAkSaNika che. ahIM kavie kevaLajJAnathI dIpatA Izvaraprabha tIrthaMkara svAmIne vaMdanA karI che. Izvara' nAmathI koI bhoLavAIne Izvara' eTale "zaMkara' evo artha karavA na prerAya tethI pahelAM kavi bhagavAna zaMkaranA guNavizeSa pragaTa kare che ke Izvara eTale pArvatInA ghalA. aMge bhasma coLanArA, vRSabha para savAra thanAra, bhAMga dhatUrA sAthe prIti rAkhanArA vagere. paNa huM e IzvaranI vAta karato nathI. ane pachI kahe che, je nirmohI ane niSkalaMka che ene tame Izvara' mAnajo. - kRtine aMte kalazamAM kavie mA sarasvatIne vaMdanA karI che e paNa A racanAnI noMdhapAtra lAkSaNikatA che.. mA sarasvatInA kRpAprasAdathI ja pote vIsa

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jinaharSakRta "vIzI' : tIrthaMkarastavana - garabA rUpe D 307 tIrthakaronI stuti racI zakyA che evI namra prArthanA kavie sarasvatIne karI che. e rIte kavie mA sarasvatInuM paNa vizeSa mahattva karyuM che. AmaparaMparAgata racanArItine cAtarIne cAlatI kavi jinaharSanI A dhyAnapAtra racanA che, je dharmaviSayaka kRti hovA sAthe sAhityakRti paNa banI rahe che. pAdaTIpa 1. jinaharSa graMthAvalI, saMpA. agaracaMda nAhaTA, pR.34thI 57 2. vallabha bhaTTanI eka ja kRtinI - dhanuSadhArIno garabonI - .saM.179ra maLe che. saM. 1761mAM racAyelI A vIzImAM mahAkALInA garabA'nI DhALa udhUta thaI che tethI e garabAnI racanA e pUrve thaI hovAnuM nizcita thAya che ane e rIte vallabha bhaTTano kavanakALa vahelo zarU thayo hovAnuM siddha thAya che.

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vinayavijayakRta "nema-rAjula bAramAsA jayanta pAThaka kakko, vAra, mahinA, phAgu jevA, mULe lokakavitAnA racanAprakArone ApaNA madhyakAlIna kavioe ziSTa kavitAmAM yojatAM emane eka cokkasa ne custa nibaMdhana ne nizcita viSaya-vastu sAMpaDe che. bAramAsAnI ja vAta karIe to emAM sAmAnya rIte varSanA bAra mahinA daramiyAna pravartatI vividha prakRtilIlAnuM ne mAnavacitta upara tethI thatI asaranuM varNana-nirUpaNa thAya che. bIjI rIte kahIe to. emAM nAyaka-nAyikAnA viraha-milananI ghaTanAthI nIpajatA saMbhoga ke vipralaMbha zRiMgAranA uddIpanavibhAva tarIke AvAM prakRtivarNano ke RtuvarNano khapamAM levAya che. kavi eka bAju prakRtivizeSanA saundaryanuM varNana to bIjI bAju viziSTa paristhitimAM citta upara paDatA tenA prabhAvanuM darzana karAve che. bAramAsAmAM zRiMgAranirUpaNa (ghaNuMkharuM viraha) nAyaka-nAyikAne avalaMbIne thAya che. eTaleke emAM bahudhA vipralaMbha zRMgAra ne tenA anuSaMge kaMIka karaNanI niSpatti thatI jovA maLe che. AvI racanAo ghaNuMkharuM lokajIvanottha ne lokArAdhana mATe thatI hoI emAM aTapaTI, jaTila racanArIti ke saMkula viSayavastune badale sarala ne vizada racanArIti ne sAduM viSayavastu hoya che. bhASA, chaMda, alaMkAra jevA kAvyanA ghaTaka aMzomAM kavie bahudhA sadyabodha karAve evo prapaMca racavAno hoya che ne lokaparicita sarala kathAvastu khapamAM levAnuM hoya che. alabatta, pAchaLathI jemajema A prakArano ziSTa kavitAmAM prayoga vadhato gayo tematema temAM kalA-kasabanA aMzo vadhu ne vadhu pravezatA gayA ne vidagdha kavio emanI nipuNatAnuM pradarzana e dvArA karAvavA lAgyA. Ane kAraNe kRtinI khUbI-khAmIo, guNadoSa ne kavinI zakti-maryAdA tapAsavAno avasara Ubho thayo tema tara-tamanI rIte kRtio ne kavione mUlavavAno upakrama paNa nIpajI Avyo. madhyakAlIna jaina-ajaina kavioe lokakavitAnA A prakArane sArI peThe kheDaDyo che ne emanI zakti-nipuNatAno paricaya karAvyo che, tathApi ekaMdare emAM je kavitA jovA maLe che te paraMparAparAyaNa ne pracalita DhAMcAmAM DhALelI jaNAya che. bAramAsAmAM sAmAnya rIte RtuonAM varNana sAthe viraha milananI - moTe bhAge to virahanI - lAgaNI gUMthI levAmAM AvI hoya che ne jaina kavionI AvI kRtio

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vinayavijayakRta "nema-rAjula bAramAsA' U 309 joIe to racanAne aMte nAyaka-nAyikAne saMyama, sadAcAra, vairAgya jevA unnata bhAvomAM AvIne TharatAM batAvavAmAM Ave che. vinayavijayakRta nema-rAjula bAramAsA' jaina dharmamAM bAvIsamA tIrthaMkara gaNAtA neminAtha ne mathurAnA rAjA ugrasenanI putrI rAjimatIne nAyaka-nAyikA tarIke laIne racavAmAM AvelI kRti che. vivAha prasaMge jamaNa mATe thanAra pazuhiMsAnA vicArathI vyathita thaIne neminAtha lagna karyA vinA ja giranAramAM tapa karavA cAlyA jAya che ne tapa karI kevaLajJAna prApta kare che. A rIte nAyaka-nAyikA vacce viraha thAya che. kavie kAvyane aMte noMdhyuM che tema A kRti saMvata 1728mAM rAMderamAM racAI che. A kavinI anya eka kRti paNa rAMderamAM racAyAno ullekha jotAM vinayavijayajI rAMderanA hoya ke pachI cAturmAsa gALavA ke vihAra mATe vAraMvAra rAMderamAM AvatA hoya evuM anumAna thAya che. AgaLa kahyuM tema sAmAnya rIte bAramAsAno DhAMco ne tenI racanArIti eka ja prakAranAM hoya che, tathApi enA AyojanamAM ne bhASAkarmamAM kavino vyaktitvavizeSa pragaTa thAya che kharo. vinayavijayajInI A kRtimAM bIjA keTalAka bAramAsAmAM jovA maLatA maMgalAcaraNanA zloka nathI. AraMbhamAM kavi sarasvatI ke anya ISTa deva-devInI stuti ne hAtha dharelI racanAnI saphaLatA mATe prArthanA kare che. ahIM kavi maMgalAcaraNa vagara kRtino sIdho ja AraMbha karI de che. dezamAM racAyelA 26 kaDInA A kAvyanuM svarUpa saMdezakAvyanuM, dUtakAvyanuM che e paNa dhyAna kheMce evI enI viziSTatA che. enA kavie saMskRtamAM indudUta' nAmaka racanA karI che ke A kRtine paNa 'rAjula-nema saMdesaDu' kahI che e hakIkata A svarUpavizeSa pratino emano pakSapAta pragaTa kare che. abdurrahemAnakRta "saMdezaka rAsa'nI jema ahIM virahiNI nAyikA pathika dvArA neminAthane saMdezo pAThave che ? paMthI ! amAro saMdesaDo kahijo temanaI ema chaTakI cheha na dIjII, nava bhavano re prema. amAro' zabdano prayoga paNa ahIM dhyAna kheMce che. nAyikA potAne mATe Avo bahuvacana prayoga karIne premano adhikAra lADa sAthe vyakta kare che. bAramAsAmAM varSanA bAra mahinAno ullekha ne enuM varNana Ave che, paNa badhA kavio amuka eka ja mAsanA ullekha-varNanathI kAvyano AraMbha karatA nathI. koI kAratakathI to koI mAgazarathI to koI vaLI Aso mahinAthI AraMbhIne bAra mAsanuM varNana kare che. A kRtimAM kavie mAgazarathI AraMbha karIne kAratakanA varNanathI kRtino aMta ANyo che. sAmAnya rIte kavi pratyeka mAsanA viziSTa varNana-Alekhana mATe ne vihiNI nAyikAnI e paristhitimAM cittAvasthA mATe be kaDI phALave che, eTaleke cAra paMktiomAM te mahinAnA RtulakSaNavizeSane ne tenA saMdarbhamAM virahiNI nAyikAnI vyathA-vedanA. enA oratA ne AjIjIne rajU kare che.

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310 ] madhyakAlIna gujarAtI jaina sAhitya A vyavasthAmAM kyAreka apavAda pravartato paNa jovA maLe che, jemake ahIM kavie vaizAkha mAsanA varNana mATe eka ja kaDI yojI che ne kArataka temaja mAgha mAsanA varNanamAM te-te mahinAnI RtuvizeSatAno ullekha karyA vagara ja nAyikAnI vyagratA-vedanA ne premopacAranA koDa varNavyA che. RtuvarNanamAM ke nAyikAnI avasthAnA nivedanamAM AvI racanAomAM a-pUrva ke maulika kahevAya evuM ghaNuM ochuM hoya che ne gatAnugatikatA ke punarukti vadhAre hoya che, chatAM sArA kavinI zaktinA camakArA ahIMtahIM najare caDhyA vagara rahetA nathI. bhAva, bhASA, alaMkAra AdimAM ghaNuM sarakhApaNuM hovA chatAM kyAreka kRtinA racanAprapaMcamAM, bhASAkarmamAM viziSTatA ke nokhApaNuM prakaTa thAya che. ahIM yamaka ke varNasagAInA prayogamAM, varNa-zabdanA vinyAsamAM ane bhAvotkaTatA sAdhavA prayojAtA paMktinA viziSTa ThAThamAM kavinI zakti-nipuNatAno paricaya thAya che. mAgha mAsanA ullekhamAM kavi nAyikA pAse bolAve che : nAha vinA mAha mAsanI rayaNI na vihAya, sUnI re sejai talapatAM khaNa varasAM so thAya. 6 (nAtha vagara mAha mAsanI rAta (kemeya) vItatI nathI; sUnI sejamAM talakhatAM eka kSaNa so va2sa jevI lAMbI lAge che.) evI ja rIte kArataka mAsamAM nAyikAnI virAvasthA varNavatAM kavi kahe che : kAtI mAtI kAminI, rAtI re priu-saMga, dekhI mujha mana ullusai tuhma sevA saMga. 23 vaizAkha vize bhale kavie eka ja kaDI karI che, paNa emAM nAyikAno priyatamane uttama vastuthI rIjhavavAno umaLako ne koDa bhalI bhAte vyakta thAya che H vaizAkhaI sAkara jisI pAkI AMbA-sAkha, prIsuM huM karI kAtalI, priuDA ! re rasa cAkha. 12 'bholI TolI sahu milI holI re khelaMta' jevI paMktimAM 'o' kAra ne 'la' kAranAM punarAvartanothI sadhAtI camatkRtinI paNa noMdha laIe. bhASAnI vAta cAle che tyAre eka zabdaprayoga pratye paNa dhyAna dorAya che. 20mI kaDImAM kavi 'harAMma' evo zabda prayoje che, lakhe che H rAti vihAi ati dohalI japatAM re tuhma nAMma, sAjana ! sAcuM mAnajo, nayaNe nIMda harAMma. A AkhIya kRtimAM sAmAnya rIte saMskRta tatsama ane tadbhava zabdono upayoga thayo che, mAtra A 'harAMma' ja eka arabI bhASAno zabda prayojAyo che. koI pratamAM A zabdaprayoga vize kazI TIkA-TippaNI nathI te jotAM A prayogamAM kazI asAdhAraNatA ke a-pUrvatA nathI dekhAI ema samajAya che. vikramanI aDhAramI sadImAM A racanA thaI che eTale kavi arabI-phArasI bhASAthI paricita hoya ne A

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vinayavijayakRta 'nema-rAjula bAramAsA' 311 kALanA anya bAramAsAmAM paNa 'sAbAsa', 'sAheba', 'ribanavAja' jevA zabdo vaparAyA che te jotAM kadAca A zabdane noMdhapAtra gaNavAmAM nahIM Avyo hoya. chatAM AkhI kRtinI bhASAnA ThAThamAM e jarA ataDo paDI jato to lAge ja che. madhyakAlIna, ane khAsa karIne sAdhu-saMta kavionI dharmaraMgI kRtionA saMbaMdhamAM ekabe vicAramuddAo sUjhe che. vaiSNava dharmanA, bhAgavata saMpradAyanA phAMTArUpa svAminArAyaNa saMpradAyanA sAdhu-kavio bhaktimArganI paraMparAne anusarIne emanI kRtiomAM gopI-rAdhA-kRSNane avalaMbIne zRMgAranuM nirUpaNa kare. premalakSaNA bhaktimAM to parakIyA prema eka mahattvanA tattvadarzana ke siddhAntanA aMga tarIke svIkArAyo hoI enI nAyikA parakIyA hoya ne nAyaka-nAyikA vacceno unmatta zRMgAra, saMbhogazRMgAra kRtimAM nirUpaNa pAme. paNa svAminArAyaNa saMpradAyamAM to nIti, sadAcAra, saMyamane ghaNuM mahattva ApavAmAM AvyuM che ne strIno saMsarga to sarvathA tyAjya gaNavAmAM Avyo che. A paristhitimAM brahmAnaMda ke premAnaMda (premasakhI) zRMgAranirUpaNa kare tyAre, saMpradAyazistabaddha emanAthI mana mUkIne, mukta bhAve, narasiMha, mIrAM ke dayArAmanI jema to zRMgAra-nirUpaNa thAya nahIM. evI ja rIte jaina sAdhukiva paNa nIti, sadAcAra, saMyama, viraktine varelA hoI zRMgAravarNana kare tyAre emane saMpradAyanA AcAravicAranI ANa naDe. jemaNe saMsAratyAga karyo che ne vairAgyamAM vRttione vALI lIdhI che teo yuvAna nAyaka-nAyikAnA kAma-tinA Avegone zI rIte AlekhI zake ? emAM teo emane aparicita evA pradezamAM kaMIka sAvadhAnIthI pharatA hoya evuM na lAge ? kRtimAM anubhUtinI, saMvedananI tIvratA-utkaTatAnI UNapa na Ave ? zRMgAranarUpaNamAM kivanI authenticity ne intensitynuM zuM ? vaiSNava kavionI, ne dharmanirapekSa mukta zRMgArakavitAnI tulanAmAM emanI kRtio maMda, moLI, anubhUtinI UNapavALI, ne kvacit kRtaka paNa na lAge ? ne tevuM hoya to khuda kavitAnA svayaMbhUpaNAnuM ne tadaMtargata guNasaMpattinuM zuM ? eka bIjo prazna paNa A bAramAsA jevI kRtinA saMbaMdhamAM thAya. AvI kRti jaina sAdhue sAdhu, pUjya pAtro laIne racI che eTalA mAtrathI te dharmabhAvanI dhArmika kRti kahevAya ? kAvyanI 26 paikInI 23 kaDImAM nema-rAjulane avalaMbIne sAmAnya mAnavIya zRMgArabhAva ja varNavAyo che ne pachI be kaDImAM emane mugati-maMdira'mAM bhegAM karIne bhagavaMtane bhajIne sukha pAmatAM varNavyAM che. Ama sadhAtA aMtamAM nirveda ke zAnta ApaNA cittamAM bhAgye ja jAme che; eTale kalAkRtimAM rasaniSpattinI, dharma ke saMpradAyathI nirapekSa evI vicAraNAmAM AvI kRtine zRMgAranI secular kRti gaNavAnuM yogya na gaNAya ?

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vinayacaMdrakRta "sthUlibhadra bAramAsA bhoLAbhAI paTela sthUlibhadra bArahamAsAnA kavi vinayacaMdra che. A jaina kavi IsvIsananA sattaramA saikAnA uttarArdhamAM thayA che. uttamakumAra caupAI temanI prathama kRti mAnavAmAM Ave che. tenI racanA saMvata 17para (I.sa.1695)mAM pATaNa mukAme thaI hatI. "sthalibhadra bArahamAsAnI racanA e pachI trIje varSe saMvata 1755mAM amadAvAdamAM thaI che. racanAne aMte sthaLano nirdeza A pramANe che : gurjarAmaMDana rAjanagaraI, vinayacaMdra kahaI IzuM. emAM gurjarAmaMDana rAjanagara te amadAvAda. - "sthUlibhadra bAramAsA tera stabakanuM kAvya che. dareka stabakamAM pahelI kaDI dohA chaMdamAM che ane pachI be kaDIo harigItamAM che. A rIte dareka stabakamAM traNa kaDI dharAvatA A kAvyanI kula 78 paMktio che. dohA-harigItanA baMdhamAM hovA chatAM kavie kAvyanA DhALane 'DhAlacaumAsiyAnI' kahIne oLakhAvela che. doNa chaMdamAM 'jI' umerI paMktine pralaMba banAvI A DhALa siddha karyo che. A DhALanI maukhika paraMparA hovI joIe. bAramAsAnI zreNImAM Avato 'comAsA' paNa eka pracalita kAvyaprakAra rahyo che. temAM bAra mAsane badale comAsAnA cAra mAsa levAmAM AvyA hoya che. yuvAna ekAkI. virahiNI nArInI virahavyathAne vyakta karato bAramAsAno kAvyaprakAra likhita bhAratIya AryabhASAonA sAhityamAM jUnAmAM jUno che. enuM maukhika rUpa paNa avazya haze. dohA chaMdane bIjI kaDInA harigIta sAthe joDI devAmAM Avyo che. dohAno chello zabda harigItanI kaDIno pahelo zabda bane che, jemake pahelA stabakamAM dohAnuM aMtima caraNa che priyuDA karuM manohArojI', ane harigItanuM prathama caraNa che manohAra sAra zRMgAra rasamAM." dareka stabakamAM A bhAta jaLavAI che. ethI racanAnuM eka sughaDa rUpa ApaNane maLe che. bAramAsA, ApaNe sau jANIe chIe tema. mukhyatve virahakAvya hoya che. ApaNA dezamAM jyAM ziyALo, unALo ane comAsAnI Rtuo e rIte ke pachI grIkha, vaSa, zarada, hemaMta, zizira, vasaMtanI Rtuo e rIte Rtuone alagaalaga oLakhI zakAya evAM tApamAna hoya che, tyAM A prakAranA

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vinayacaMdrakRta "sthUlibhadra bAramAsA' D 313 kAvyaprakAranI jIvaMta paraMparA hoya te svAbhAvika che. RtuvarNanamAMthI pachI mahinA-mahinAnI rIta AvI hoya ane cAturmAsa ke patuvarNanamAMthI bAramAsI prakAra vikasyo hoya. AvA likhita ke maukhika bAramAsAnI samRddha paraMparA rahI che. manuSyanA mananA bhAvonI utkaTatAmAM prakRtinI bhUmikAno yoga paNa hoya che. A prakAranAM kAvyomAM prakRti ane mAnavabhAvanuM sAyujya hoya che, temAMya khAsa to zRMgAra ane temAMya vipralaMbhazRMgAranuM. kendramAM hoya che virahiNI nArI. mukhyatve enI uktirUpe kAvya racAyuM hoya che. paraMtu dharmakavitA AvA svarUpanI lokapriyatAne lakSamAM rAkhI eno viniyoga potAnA hetuo mATe kare che. vaiSNava sAhityamAM ke jaina sAhityamAM A rIte aneka bAramAsA racAyA che, je vAcakane dhamabhimukha karavA tAke che. jaina sAhityamAM maLatA bAramAsAmAM be virahiNIonI kathA mukhyatve gUMthAya che. eka che nemarAjulayugalanI rAjimatI ane bIjI che dhUlibhadrakozAyugalanI kozA. vinayacaMdra neminAtha rAjimatI bArahamAsAnI paNa racanA karI che. nemarAjula ane sthUlibhadrakozAnI kathAo che paNa atyaMta marmasparzI. gaNikA (rU5)kozAnA parama premI ane maMtrI zakaTAlanA putra yUlibhadra vairAgya AvatAM dIkSA laI le che. jevo prabaLa temano rAga hato, tevo prabaLa temano virAga. gaNikA hovA chatAM kozA sthUlibhadrane potAnA priyatama mAnatI. sAdhu-vairAgI thayelA yUlibhadra cAtumasa gALavA gurunI anujJAthI kozAne tyAM ja Ave che. virAgI yUlibhadra ane rANI rUpakozA. kavioe AvI mArmika ghaTanAparisthitine aneka rIte AlekhI, vizeSa karIne sAdhu kavioe. sthUlibhadra bAramAsA bAra mAsanI pRSThabhUmimAM virahiNI kozAnI manovyathAne vyakta to kare che, paNa eTaluM ja kartAnuM prayojana nathI. kavie bAramAsAnA rUDhigata rUpane jALavI temAM navarasa ane rasanAM aMga gUMthI levAno paNa upakrama rAkhyo che. A kAvyane kavizikSAnuM rItibaddha kAvya paNa kahI zakAya. kathA paNa kahevAtI hoya ane sAthe vyAkaraNazAstra ke kAvyazAstra paNa gUMthAtuM hoya evI racanAo saMskRtamAM che. ApaNe tyAM paNa evI paraMparA hatI. emAM bhAvamAdhurya karatAM pAMDitya athavA racanAkAranuM kauzala vadhAre prakaTa thatuM hoya che. aSADhathI zarU thatA A bAramAsAmAM zarUAtanA nava mAsanA pratyeka sAthe ekaeka rasa bharate ApelA kramAnusAra nirUpAya che. bhAratanA ATha nATyarasa pachI ahIM navamo zAntarasa paNa che. e rIte - aSADha (AsADha) sAthe zRiMgAra zrAvaNa sAthe hAsya bhAdaravo (bhAdaka) sAthe karuNa. Aso (AsU) sAthe

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314 | madhyakAlIna gujarAtI jaina sAhitya kArtaka (kAtI) sAthe vIra mAgazara (magisira) sAthe bhayAnaka poSa sAthe bIbhatsa mAha (mAgha) sAthe adbhuta ane phAgaNa (phAguna) sAthe zAnta -no anuyoga che. e pachI caitra sAthe sthAyI bhAva, vaizAkha sAthe sAttvika bhAva ane jeTha sAthe saMcArI bhAva varNavAyA che. Ama, bAramAsanuM cakra pUruM thAya che. virahiNI kozA judAjudA mAsamAM judA judA rasanA anubhavanI vAta kare che. kAvyamAM kozAnI ukti sAthe kavinI ukti paNa bhaLI jAya che. aSADha sAthe zRMgArano udbodha A rIte joDAya che : ASADha AzA phalI. kozA karaI siNagArajI, Avau yUlibhadra vAlahA, priyuDA karuM manohAro jI. manohAra sAra zRMgAra rasamAM, anubhavI thayA taravara, velaDI vanitA tyAM AliMgana, bhUmi bhAminI jaladharA. jalarAzi kaMThaI nadI vilagI, ema bahu zRMgAramAM, sammilita thaInaI rahe ahanizi, paNi tumha vratabhAramAM. aSADha AvatAM zaNagAra sajI kozA priyatama sthUlibhadranI vATa jue che. e Ave evI manavAra (manohAro) kare che. aSADhamAM taravara ane vanitA velaDI AliMgana le che, jaladhara bhAminI bhUminuM AliMgana kare che ane jalarAzine - sAgarane kaMThe nadI vaLage che, Ama sau A mAsamAM dinarAta vaLagIne rahe che - premavilagna che. eTaleke zRMgArano anubhava kare che. paNa sthUlibhadra to vratadhArI che. eTale e pote to e rasathI vaMcita che. ahIM ApaNe joIzuM ke kavie zRMgArano sImita eTaleke saMyoga zRMgAra eTalo artha lIdho che. (viyoga zRMgAra paNa to che, jeno anubhava kozAne thAya che, thaI zake.) zRMgAra eTale priya-priyatamAnuM milana. ahIM aSADhamAM prAkRtika tattvo vRkSa-veli, megha-bhUmi, sAgara-nadInAM milana joI kozA paNa priyamilanane jhaMkhe che. e rIte zRMgArabodhano kavi aSADhanI prakRti sAthe anubaMdha race che. zrAvaNa sAthe hAsyano anubaMdha che. paNa kevI rIte ? sthUlibhadra to yogI che, e bhalA bhogI kozAne tyAM kema Ave evuM vicArIne tene hasavuM Ave che. bhAdaravA sAthe karuNa rasa joDyo che, paNa e vipralaMbhazRMgAra thaIne rahe che. bhAdaravAnA kAdavakaLaNamAM jema loko khUMpI jAya, tema viraha kalaNaI huM kalI' - huM (kozA) virahanA kaLaNamAM khUMpI gaI chuM, he priya, mAro hAtha pakaDI temAMthI mane bahAra kADho - ema kozA kahe che. kozAnI A anubhUtione anukrame hAsya ane karuNanA rasabodha tarIke kavie joI che. paraMtu emAM kharo prazna to rasAnubhavane lagato che -

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vinayacaMdrakRta 'sthUlibhadra bArahamAsA' 315 rasazAstrano che. 2sa vAcya nathI. 'zRMgAra' ema 2sanuM nAma levAthI zRMgArano bodha thato nathI. kavi vinayacaMdra dvArA thatA zRMgAra, hAsya, karuNa Adi vibhinna 2sonA ullekha te-te rasano bodha jagADe che kharA ? Avo prazna paravartI 2sonA nirUpaNa paratve paNa rahe che. kArtaka sAthe vI22sanuM nirUpaNa che H kAtI kautuka sAMbharai, vI2 ka2i saMgrAmojI, paNa kavie je saMgrAmanuM nirUpaNa karyuM che te suratasaMgrAma che, 'kAmI ane kAminI' vacceno ratiraMga che. A yuddhamAM kAminInAM nUpura raNaziMgamAM che, enI veNI e khaDga che ane netra e dhanuSya che. e rIte A vI22sanI vAta che, paNa vI22samAM je bApaDA jogI ('jeha jogI bApaDA') che, teo kAyara nIvaDe che, teo to AvA yuddhamAM tharathara kaMpe che ! (dharmakAvya tarIke jovuM hoya to A varNanane ApaNe vyAjastuti alaMkAra rUpe joI zakIe ?) mAgazaramAM bhayAnaka rasanuM nirUpaNa che. gorI seMthAmAM sindUra pUre che e jANe kAmadevanI agnijvALA che, jemAM kAmI nara pataMgiyAnI jema paDe che. eve vakhate hoThano amRtarasa sIMcIne navapallavita karAya che. kozA kahe che ke A rIte prIti thatI hoya, pachI bhaya raheto nathI. bIbhatsamAM saMkocanano bhAva che. kozA kahe che ke nAnA kaMtha sAthenA saMgamAM prauDha 2maNI saMkoca anubhave ane dUra rahe H tima kaMta tumacau veSa dekhI, mai bIbhatsapaNuM bhajuM. arthAt tamAro sAdhuveza joI, tamArAthI bIbhatsabhAva anubhavuM chuM. kozAnI adbhuta rasanI vyAkhyA paNa adbhuta che mAgha nidAgha paraI dahai, e adbhuta rasa dekhuM jI. mAgha to ThaMDo mAsa che, paNa e unALAnI jema dajhADe che, emAM huM adbhuta jouM chuM. vaLI tamArA vinA mArA prANa paLepaLe TaLavaLe che, ane chatAM (vahAlA sthUlibhadra) tamArA vratano bhaMga thato nathI, tamAruM e zuddha caritra joIne tau eha acaraja rasa vizeSai' - vizeSapaNe adbhuta rasa anubhavuM chuM. - dUra javAno bhAva paraMparAgata rIte to phAgaNa sAthe zrRMgAra rasa joDAyo che. phAgu kAvyaprakAra paNa e rIte vikasyo che. paNa badhA rasonI pariNita AnaMdavardhane zAnta rasamAM batAvI che, tema ahIM ATha rasanA nirUpaNa pachI phAgaNe zAnta rasamAM paryavasAna batAvyuM che. 'phAguna zAnta rasai 2mai.' vI22sanA nirUpaNamAM jema rUpaka che, tema ahIM paNa rUpaka che. phAgaNamAM hoLI ramavAnI che, paNa e hoLI ramavAmAM sahaja bhAva e sugaMdhI tela che, picakArI e samatA rUpI jaLa che, guNo e gulAlanA raMga che vagere. A stabakamAM sahaja bhAva, sama jala, sasa bohI (?), sattva tAla,

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316 D madhyakAlIna gujarAtI jaina sAhitya samakita taMtrI, sumati sumanasamAla - zabdo kula maLIne eka prakAranA zamano bodha kare che, je antarasano anubhava che ema kahevAya. pachInAM traNa stabakomAM anukrame sthAyI, sAttvika ane saMcArInuM nirUpaNa che, je je-te mAsanI prakRtinI bhUmikA saha Ave che. temAM kAmanI daza avasthAono ullekha paNa Ave che. teramI kaDImAM kAvyano samAropa che. dharmabodhanA uddezathI lakhAvA chatAM kavi ekadama sIdhA upadezakathanamAM sarI paDyA nathI. sthUlibhadrano vratabhaMga thato nathI evo nirdeza kAvyamAM che, ane aMte zAntarasano bodha dharmakavinA lakSyano saMketa to kare che. Ama joIe to koI eka mAsa sAthe koI eka amuka ja rasa joDAya evI vAta anivArya nathI. paNa kavi vinayacaMdra e joDavA mATenuM koI ne koI kavikAraNa yojI kADhe che. paNa kavinA e tarka bALapUrvaka yojAyA che evuM lAge kemake nirUpitA sAmagrI je-te rasanI bodhaka vAstavika rIte nathI. ahIM koI kahe ke kozAnI uktimAM nava rasanuM nirUpaNa keTaluM svAbhAvika gaNAya, to teno to uttara ApI zakAya ke kozA to gaNikA che ane badhI kaLAomAM (kAmakaLA uparAMtanI) nipuNa hoya ja. rasazAstranI ene jANakArI na hoya evuM hoya ? paNa kharo prazna to nava rasanA nirUpaNamAM e che ke A badhA raso A kAvyamAM to viraha zRMgArano bodha adhika karAve che. eTale A bAramAsA zAntamAM pariNamavA chatAM viyogazRMgAranA kAvya tarIke UpasI rahe che, dharmabodhanI korane ja e aDake che. kadAca dharmakavitAnI A vizeSatA ane maryAdA che. AvAM kAvyomAM sAdhu kavino dvidhAbhAva tapAsano eka rasaprada viSaya banI zake. pAdaTIpa 1. vinayacaMdra-kRti-kusumAMjali, saMpA. bhaMvaracaMda nAhaTA, bikAnera, pR. 80-84 2. bAramAsA ina inDiyana liTarecarsa, sAta vaoNdavila, dilhI, 1986

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udayaratnakRta "neminAtha teramAsA pramodakumAra paTela madhyakAlIna gujarAtImAM jaina kavio dvArA racAyeluM bAramAsA-sAhitya, dekhItI rIte ja, jaina paraMparAmAM kheDAyelAM rAsa, carita ane phAgu jevAM svarUpo sAthe. varNavRttAMto vicAravastu ane kathanavarNananI rItio ane praNAlikAo - ema judAjudA stare gADha sAmya dharAve che. temAMya. varNavRttAMtanI pasaMdagIno prazna che tyAM sudhI to. anya svarUpomAM pharIpharIne sthAna pAmatAM rahelAM prasiddha jaina kathAnako paikI neminAtha-rAjimatInuM kathAnaka bAramAsA mATe jaina kaviomAM ghaNuM priya rahyuM jaNAya che. e rIte bAramAsA prakAranI kRtiomAM jaina dharmanA viziSTa saMskAro maLe ja che. bIjI bAju, bAramAsA svarUpanI AgavI AvazyakatAne anurUpa varSanA bAra mahinAnA ghaTanAcakranuM Alekhana. tenI aMtargata badalAtI RtuonuM varNana. ane nAyikAnA virahabhAvanuM nirUpaNa vagere bAbatomAM jaina kavioe je paripATI svIkArI che tene A prakAranA jainetara sAhityanI sAthe eTaluM ja mArmika anusaMdhAna rahyuM dekhAya che. hakIkatamAM, madhyakAlIna gujarAtImAM bAramAsAnA svarUpamAM nAyikAviraha, RtuvarNana, ane prakRticitraNanAM tattvo je rIte varNavAtAM rahyAM che tenI pAchaLa cheka saMskRta sAhityanI paraMparAmAM khIlelI rUci ane dRSTi kAma karatI. rahI che. bAramAsA-kRtio e rIte sahaja ja ApaNI dIrgha sAMskRtika-sAhityika paraMparA vacce ekadama nirALI bhAta race che. udayaratnakRta neminAtha teramAsA' (prAcIna madhyakAlIna bAramAsA saMgraha, khaMDa 1, saMpA. zivalAla jesalapurA, 1974) (racanA varSa saM.1759) jaina paraMparAnA bAramAsI sAhityamAM ThIkaThIka anokhI racanA che. upara nirdeza karyo che tema, neminAtha-rAjimatInuM prasiddha jaina kathAnaka ja emAM AdhArasthAne che. lagnanA varaghoDAnA prasaMge ja pazuhatyAnA khyAlathI virati anubhavI rahelA neminAthe saMsArano tyAga karyo. ane jaina dharmanI dIkSA lIdhI, paNa lagnotsuka rAjimatI to neminAthanA virahamAM jhUratI ja rahI. kavi udayaratna prastuta kRtimAM rAjimatInA virahabhAvane mukhya paristhiti tarIke svIkArI che. paNa A kRtinI vizeSatA e che ke nAyikAnA virahanA Alekhana arthe paraMparA anusAra bAra mahinAnuM nahIM. eka adhika mAsa samAvI, tera mahinAnuM varNana ApyuM che. virahabhAva ghUMTavAne kavie e rIte vadhu avakAza meLavI lIdho che. paNa, ethIya kadAca vadhu rasaprada bAbata e che

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318 | madhyakAlIna gujarAtI jaina sAhitya ke, caitra mAsanA varNanathI kRtino AraMbha karI aMte phAgaNanuM ane e pachI adhika mAsanuM Alekhana karI kavie varSanuM ghaTanAcakra pUruM karyuM che. A rItanA Ayojana pAchaLanI kavinI dRSTi samajavAnuM muzkela paNa nathI. aMtabhAgamAM phAgaNa mahino AvatAM phAganA raMgarAgI utsavanuM varNana karI, tenI pazcAdbhUmikA para rAjimatInA virahane utkaTatAnI koTie pahoMcADI, Akhare sAdhu neminAtha sAthenA tenA pAvanakArI milanano ane saMsAramuktino prasaMga yojavAno temano Azaya rahyo che. bAramAM khaMDakamAM phAgaNa mAsanA vRttAMta nimitte rAjimatInA viraha ane milananuM varNana e rIte ThIkaThIka cittasparzI banyuM che. paNa teramAM ane chellA khaMDakamAM nAyikAnI manodazAnA varNanamAM kavie kaMIka anapekSita rIte ja pracalita kahevatono moTo upayoga karyo che, ane tethI nAyikAnA manobhAvane sUkSmatAthI vyakta thavAne avakAza maLyo nathI ! vaLI, kRtinA aMtamAM adhika mAsanA varNanano khaMDaka ja kaMIka alaga rahI jato dekhAya che. bAramAM khaMDakamAM ja, aMtanI cAra kaDIomAM, rAjimatI-neminAthanA pAvanakArI milanano prasaMga kavie Alekhyo che, ane tyAM ApaNA prAcIna ane madhyakAlIna sAhityanI praNAlikA pramANe, kRtino maMgalamaya aMta ANyo che. eTale teramA khaMDakanA AraMbhamAM adhika mAsanA vRttAMta arthe rAjimatInA virahabhAvanuM pharIthI rajU thatuM varNana AgaMtuka lAge che. ane, enA aMtabhAgamAM pharIthI samApanano upakrama paNa eTalo ja asvAbhAvika lAge che. AraMbhamAM nirdeza karyo che tema, jaina kavioe bAramAsA sAhityanA kheDANa arthe neminAtha rAjimatIno vRttAMta pharIpharIne svIkAryo che. eTale, A kathAvRttAMtanI kRtiomAM je kaMI viziSTatAo dekhAya che te ghaNuM karIne dareka kavie prayojelo viziSTa padyabaMdha racanAbaMdha ane kathanavarNananI rItimAMthI saMbhave che. udayaratnanI A kRtimAM padyabaMdha, racanAbaMdha ane kathanavarNananI rItiprayuktionI tapAsa e rIte mahattvanI banI rahe che. 'neminAtha teramAsA'nA racanAvidhAnamAM dareka mahinAnA varNana mATe yojAyelo khaMDaka svayaM eka alaga ekama jevo che. dareka khaMDaka be bhAgamAM vaheMcAyelo che. duhA' saMjJAthI oLakhAyelo prathama bhAga ghaNuM karIne duhAnI ATha kaDIothI ane traNeka mahinAnAM varNanomAM apavAda rUpe nava ke agiyAra kaDIothI racAyo che. e paTamAM kavie mukhyatve to je-te mahinAnuM prakRtivarNana, nAyikAnI manodazA, ane saMbhogazRMgAramAM rAcatAM daMpatIonAM vartanavyavahAra varNavavAnuM svIkAryuM che. jyAre khaMDakanI chellI samApananI kaDI "phAgatarIke oLakhAvAI che : jhUlaNAnA sattara mAtrAnA uttarArdhanI banelI dezIno emAM viniyoga che. "duhAmAM rajU thayelI bhAvaparisthiti emAM koIka rIte sacoTatA sAdhe che, ane tabakko pUro thayAno ahesAsa Ape che. dareka khaMDamAM duhA' ane "phAga'nuM

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udayaratnakRta "neminAtha teramAsA" [ 319 A rItanuM saMyojana tene dRDha AkAra arpe che, eTaluM ja nahIM badhAM khaMDako maLIne eka sauSThavabharI AkRti nipajAvI Ape che. A racanAnA sarva khaMDakomAM rAjimatIno virahabhAva eka AMtarika taMtu rUpe vistarato rahyo che, balake, kramazaH utkaTa banato rahyo che. paNa, A svarUpanI AvazyakatA anusAra emAM badalAto mahino ane badalAtI RtunAM citroya sahaja rIte gUMthAtAM rahyAM che. ane dareka khaMDakanI varyasAmagrInuM jhINavaTabharyuM avalokana karatAM nAyikAnA manobhAvanI sAthe tenA virodhamAM ratisukhamAM rAcatAM anya yugalonAM citraNoya ahIM maLaze. Ama, dudhanI vaNyasAmagrImAM prakRticitro -Rtucitro, nAyikAnI virahadazA, ane anya saMsArIjanonI ratikrIDA ema traNa saMdarbho ekatra thatA rahyA che. judIjudI rIte judAjudA pramANamAM e saMdarbho parasparamAM gUMthAtA rahyA che, ke sahopasthita thatA rahyA che. kavi udayaratnanI kavitvazaktino ApaNe jyAre vicAra karavA prerAIe tyAre, dekhItI rIte ja, varyaprasaMga ane pAtranI vibhAvanA, bhAvonuM nirUpaNa, prastutIkaraNanI paddhati, kathanavarNananI rIti, prayukti, ane praNAlI, alaMkAraracanA ane padyavidhAna ema bhinnabhinna staroethI kRtinA nUtana ramaNIya unmeSonI oLakha karavAnI rahe. paNa A kAma eTaluM saraLa nathI. kemake, madhyakAlIna kavi jaina ho ke jainetara - potAno varyavRttAMta ghaNuMkharuM paraMparAmAMthI upADe che e to kharuM ja, paNa kathanavarNana ane alaMkAraracanAnI vIgato paratveya paraMparAmAMthI te ghaNuMeka svIkArIne cAle che. eTale tenI kRtimAM je-je hRdya aMzo maLe che temAMnA amuka to potAnI pUrvenI ke samakAlIna kRtiomAMthI UtarI AvyA hoya ema bane. ane, chatAM A rIte ya koI kRtinA kathanavarNanamAM, alaMkAranimaNamAM, ke bhAvanirUpaNamAM. samagrapaNe je prabhAva janmyo hoya, tenoya ApaNe svIkAra karavo ghaTe. A carcAnA saMdarbhe sauprathama ApaNe e vAtanI noMdha levAnI rahe ke madhyakAlIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM padyaracanAnI je rIti pracAramAM rahI che temAM ramaNIyatAsAdhaka tattvo lekhe varNasagAI, prAsa, yamaka Adino vyApaka prayoga thato rahyo che. e samayamAM kavitA mukhyatve geya prakAranI hatI, eTale evAM saMgItane poSaka tattvonI mAvajata karavAnuM valaNa svAbhAvika rIte ja prabaLa rahyuM che. kavi udayaratna paNa prastuta kRti neminAtha teramAsA'nA padyavidhAnamAM varNasagAI, prAsa Adi tattvono subhaga viniyoga karatA dekhAya che. (ka) nIcenI kaDIomAM varNasagAInI yojanA ekadama dhyAna kheMce che : vaizAkha vanarAji re, tAjI vikasI vana. (naM.2/1) dekhIne dila ulasi, mIlavA sAMmalavana (kha./1) gulla praphullita mallikA, phUlI rahI caMpela. (kha. 2/2)

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320 | madhyakAlIna gujarAtI jaina sAhitya mogaro maruo manohara, jAI jUI jAsula (.23) puraNa pazue pekhyuM re, pUrava bhavanuM vera (kha.3/4). aMganA-aMga zItAMga saMgi, nara bhaji kAminIkuca regi (kha.3/9) mAgasira mAse re mAninI UbhI mAraga mAMhi (.91) raMgabharI ramaNI rAtI re, rAto kesaraghoLa (kha.12/2). A "teramAsA' kRtimAM varNasagAInI vividha bhAto paDelI che. varNananI rUDha lAgatI vigatoya A rIte varNasaMgItanA baLe amuka hRghatA prApta kare che. (kha) duhA' bhAganI kaDIomAM dareka yugma caraNAnta prAsathI joDAyeluM che, to phAgamAM dareka caraNano pUrvAdhi ane uttarArdha prAsathI baMdhAyo che. namUnArUpa ekabe dRSTAMto pahelAM be duhabaMdhamAMthI - sarovara suMdara dIsire, phalyA kamalanA choDa. kaMta vinA kuMNa pUre re, mujha mana kerA koDa? (kha.2/7) jhaDI mAMDIne vaccere musaladhAri meha, jimajima vIja jhabUki re timatima dAjhe deha, (naM.4/6) have be phAga'nI kaDIo : kusumane Ayudha je anupe, uchalyo kaMdrapa koTi rUpe, vilavale rAjula viraha vAdhyo, temano premanuM manaha bAMdhyo. (naM.1/9) kaMta saMyoginI kusumaseje suMdari savi rame divya heje, medinImAM rahyA meha varasI lavali rAjula nema tarasi. (kha.79) A rItanI prAsayojanA. sAMbhaLavA-jhIlavA racAyelI kavitAmAM AgavI arthavattA dharAve che. dareka caraNane padyabaMdhamAM dRDha rIte sAMkaLI ApavAnuM kArya e kare ja che, paNa dareka caraNanA arthabodhamAM kyAM pUrti rUpe, kyAM virodha rUpe, kyAM samAntaratA rUpe. e AMtarika saMbaMdha racI Ape che. (ga) caraNamAM camakasAMkaLInI racanAo paNa saMgItAtmaka asaranI dRSTie, tema arthasaMskAronA upacayanI dRSTie, dhyAnapAtra che. thoDAMka dRSTAMto : praNayuM re vijayA re naMdana, caMdana-zItala vANi. (kha. 1/1) yadukula-kamala- vikAsana, zAsana jAsa akhaMDa. (kha.1/2) vaizAkha vanarAji re, tAjI vikasI vana. (kha. 2/1) sAhelaDI raMga rAti re, mAtI rami pIu saMga. (kha.28) paMcaraMgI nabha dIse re, hase nIlAM tRNa. (naM. (2) gharighari dIpa dIvAlI re, bAlI garabo gAya. (naM.76) nAyikA rAjimatInA virahabhAvanA varNananI sAthe eka bAju je-te mahinAnuM prakRtidarzana rajU thayuM che, to bIjI bAju anya saMsArI yugalonI

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udayaratnakRta "neminAtha teramAsA' [ 321 ratikrIDAnuM ane cit janavyavahAranuM sarvasAdhAraNa rUpe varNana thayuM che. ahIM dekhItI rIte ja, neminAtha rAjimatInA pUrvaprasaMgonA kaDIbaddha vRttAMtane avakAza nathI. tema, temanA caritravikAsanI dRSTie upakAraka bane e rIte koI coksa viziSTa banAva paNa kendramAM Avato nathI : mAtra nAyikAnI bhAvaparisthitinuM vyApaka varNana che. e rIte, nAyikAnI sauthI vaiyaktika ane aMgata anubhUti rajU karavAno ke, tenA AMtaravyaktitvane upasAvavAnoya. ahIM kavino Azaya nathI. ahIM, mukhyatve to prakRti ke Rtucitrane uddIpanavibhAvo tarIke svIkArI, kavi jANe ke nArInA virahabhAvane ghUMTatA ne utkaTatA arpavA pravRtta thayA che. judAjudA mAsanAM prakRtivarNanomAM, aneka saMdarbhe rUDha vIgatono svIkAra hovA chatAM, A kavi vAraMvAra manohara citro sarajI zakyA che. evI vigatomAM kyAMka svabhAvokti, to kyAMka alaMkAranI ramaNIya jhAMya, ApaNane sparzI jAya che. keTalAMka prakRticitro svataMtra rIteya hRdya banyAM che ? morayA drAkhanA mAMDavA, ToDe nAgaravela, gulla praphullita mallikA phUlI rahI caMpela. (kha.2/2) cihuM disi koraNa caDhiyAM re, gayaNa na sUjhi sUra, magasiranA vAyA vAyarA, pAkyAM aMba sabUra. (naM.4/2) pacaraMgI nabha dIse re, dIse nIlAM nRNa, khiNa kAlo khiNa pIlo re, khiNa Ujala dUdhavarNa. (naM.6/ra) paNa aneka prasaMge prakRtivarNananI vigato. vyApakapaNe yugalonA ratibhAva sAthe. to cokkasa saMdarbhamAM nAyikAnI virahadazA sAthe saMkaLAtI rahI che. ahIM ema spaSTa karavuM joIe ke, keTalAka mahinAonAM varNanomAM rAjimatIno viraha kaMIka vIgate AlekhAyo che, jyAre bIjAM keTalAMka khaMDakomAM yugalonI ratikrIDA kaMIka vistArathI rajU thaI che. "ga" saMjJAthI oLakhAvAyelI lagabhaga badhI ja kaDIo ratikrIDAno ullekha kare che. paNa, A badhA saMdarbho vacce prakRtivarNananI vIgato judIjudI rIte vyaMjakatA dhAraNa kare che. nIcenI kaDIomAM ratibhAva ane prakRtitattvo eka yA bIjI rIte aupabhAve saMkaLAyAM che ? dharaNIe gADhapaNuM dharyuM, tima thayo kaMta kaThora, himAcalagarbha galI gayA, taruNi tape ati jora. (kha.3/6) avanI aMbara ekaThAM, AvI maliyAM tima, suratasaMyogi daMpatI, vRkSa ne vallI jima. (naM.pa/2) kuca na mAI re kaMI, locana choDi re lAja, jala na mAI jalAzraye. gagane na mAI gAja. (naM./4) zramajalabiMduI sobhi re, jima juvatI suratAMti,

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322 ] madhyakAlIna gujarAtI jaina sAhitya osakaNa biMdu upari, tima avani ekAMti. (khaM.7/3) jiNi ratiM motI nIpaje, sIpa samudra mAMhi, tiNi rati kaMtavijogiyAM, khiNa va2sAM so thAI. (khaM.7/5) sarova2-kamala sohAmaNAM, heme bAlyAM jeha, virahaNInA mukhanI pare, jhAMkhA thayAM re teha. (khaM.11/2) keTaleka sthAne prakRtinAM tattvo sAmAnya ratibhAvanA uddIpana lekhe rajU thayAM manohara caMpA phUlyA re, vAyA vAyu suvAya, parimala letAM puSpanI, ghaTameM lAgI lAya. (khaM.1/8) jhagajhaga aMba luMbi rahyA, ketu phUlyAM vana, phUlyA gulAba te dekhIne jAge jora mardana. (khaM.2/4) paNa ATalI ja, balake ethIya vadhu rasaprada vAta e che ke, prakRtinI vIgato vacce aneka sthAne nAyikA rAjamatInA udgAra ke svagatoktio joDAtI rahI che. tenA aMtaranI sUkSma jhaMkhanA, Arata ane vyAkuLatA e rIte tIvratAthI pragaTa thatI rahe che. prathama khaMDakamAM ja neminAtha mATeno teno talasATa asarakAraka rIte varNavAyo che H caitra mAse ema ciMtave, rAjula rIdaya visekha, saMdezo zrInAthano, lAvi ko hAthano lekha. tehane ApuM re kaMkaNa kara taNAM, bhAMmaNAM lauM niradhAra, hAra ApuM re hIyA taNo, mAnuM mahA upagAra. (khaM.1/2-3) rimala puhavI na mAI re, bhamara kira guMjAra, kahone sakhI ! kima visari A same nemakumAra ? sarovara suMdara dIsi re, phUlyA kamalanA choDa, kaMta vinA kuMNa pUre re, mujha mana kerA koDa ? (khaM.2/6-7) jeTha mAsanA varNanamAM rAjimatInA hRdayanuM kraMdana ghaNuM hRdayasparzI banyuM che. varaghoDAnA prasaMge pAchA vaLatA neminAthane rokI pADavAmAM pote vilaMba kema karyo tenA vicAre te kalpAMta kare che : miM nava jANyuM re jIvana jAsi ima ratha pherI, pharatAM sahI ADI pharI rAkhatI huM ratha gherI. pAlava jhAlI prabhutaNo rahetI huM 2Dha mAMDI, jAvA na detI nAthane to kima jAtA chAMDI. (khaM.3/2-3) neminAthamAM ja jeno jIva lAgyo che te rAjimatInI virahadazA ane ekalatAnuM citraNa bhAdaravAmAM eTaluM ja prabhAvaka rIte maLe che : dhIraja jIva dhira nahI, udaka na bhAvi atra, paMjara bhUluM bhima, nema suM bAMdhyuM matra. (khaM.6/8)

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udayaratnakRta "neminAtha teramAsA' D 323 rAjimatInA aMtaranI vyAkuLatA ane talasATa dhImedhIme baLavattara banatAM jAya che. kAratakano A saMdarbha juo : * paMkhI prayANa-vase thayAM, na rahe mujha mana ThAya, paMkha hoI to uDI miluM, bheTuM yAdavarAya. * mukhi nIsAsA re melatAM, rAtya na khUTe rekha, caMdo ratha thaMbhI gayo, mohyo mujha mukha dekha. (naM.8/3-6) neminAthanA milana arthe rAjimatI kaMIkaMI upacAra yojavA mAMDe che. evA be vastusaMdarbhe kavi lokasAhityamAMthI laI AvyA che. e paikIno eka che nAyikAnI vAyasane araja ! bIjo saMdarbha che josIDAnA joSa. rAjimatInI virahathI kuza thayelI kAyAnA varNana sAthe e saMdarbhe joDAIne AvyA che ? paMjara paga maMDi nahI, sithala thayA saMdhANa, nema vinA ghaTamAM sakhI ! kima rahese A prANa ? vAyasane kari vInatI "sUrNa svAmI dvijarAja ! jo prIla dekho Avato, UDI beso Aja. rUpe maDhAvuM re pAMkhaDI, sone maDhAvuM cAMca, lAva jo pIuno saMdezaDo, avadha ApuM dina pAMca. (naM.9/3-5) ATalA vRttAMta pachI joSa jovaDAvavAno prasaMga ekadama saMkSipta paNa kaMIka nATyAtmaka uThAvI le che. prakRtivarNananA vistRta saMdarbho vacce e eka gatizIla dRzya rajU kare che. zrIphala phokala laIne josIne pUchavA jAya ? kaba Ave mujha nAhalo ? kaho, svAmI, samajhAya' josI kahe joI TIpaNuM : "vacamAM dIse vilaMba." dhrusakIni dharaNI Dhali, daivane de olaMbha. (naM.9/6-7) mAha mahinAnI pazcAdabhUmikA para rAjimatInA aMtaranI gUDha jhaMkhanA kavie svapnadrazya dvArA vyakta karI che. svapnanA mithyApaNAnA bhAna sAthe rAjimatInI vyathA asAdhAraNa utkaTatAthI chatI thAya che ? madhyA nisA sami mAnanI supanamAM dekhiM nAtha, jANyuM jIvana ghari AvyA, jhAlyo chi mujha hAtha. manasuM mahAsukha upanuM, vilagI rahI pIu kaMTha, surata saMbhoga taNi same, paDI premanI gaMTha. nayaNa ughADIne nIrakhatAM, pAsa na dITho nAtha, hai hai deva ! kahyuM karyuM?" mastaka dIdho hAtha. (kha.11/4-8) aMte, neminAtha-rAjimatInuM milana thAya che ! jaina paraMparAne anurUpa, rAjimatI mukti pAme che, ane zAzvata sukhamAM praveze che.

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324 ] madhyakAlIna gujarAtI jaina sAhitya kRtinA AraMbhamAM kavie prathama gaNapatinI vaMdanA karI che, ane e pachI neminAtha prabhunuM puNyasmaraNa karyuM che. bAramA khaMDakanA aMtamAM, kavi 'jinaguNa gAI lAbha jANI' e rIte zrotAsamUhane preraka udbodhana kare che. teramA khaMDakanA aMtamAM kavi phalazruti varNave che. kRtinuM racanAvarSa paNa jaina paraMparAne anurUpa sAMketika bhASAmAM sUcavAyuM che. A racanAne A rIte cokkasa jaina saMskAra maLyA ja che. paNa, aMte, A racanA vize eTaluM ja noMdhavA cAhuM chuM ke, udayaratne jaina bAramAsAsAhityamAM rUDha thayelA varNavRttAMta ane rUDha kathanavarNananI rItino svIkAra karyo hovA chatAM, prakRticitro, yugalonI ratikrIDA ane rAjimatInA virahabhAvanAM varNanomAM, aneka prasaMge potAnI sarjakatAnA sparze rucira kAvya khIlavyuM che ane eTale ja e paraMparAmAM prastuta kRti nirALuM sthAna prApta kare che.

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nAmasUci arvAcIna vyaktinAmo paNa oLakhanAmanA krame nahIM, paNa vyaktinAmanA krame goThavyAM che. kRtinAmo avataraNacilamAM mUkyAM che.] akabara 11 amRtavimalagaNi 230 'aphakhANayamaNi kosa' 294 araNikamuni sakjhAya rAsa' 182, akho 1, 2, 39 190 'agaDadara copAI/rAsa' 156, 159 'arebiyana nAITsa' 270, 271 1151 stavanamaMjUSA' 187 "ardhakathAnaka' 156 ajita zAMti stavana' 290 arbudAcala vinatI 69, 239 ajita zAMti stavana bAlA.' 3 'azokacandra-rohiNI rAsa' 16, 17, ajita stavana' 73 231, 233 ajitasena zIlavatI lekha' 49, 50 azvaghoSa 240 aDhAra nAtarAMnI sajhAya' 89 aSTalakSI artharatnAvali' 166 aDhAra pApasthAnakanI sajhAya' 46 asAIta 6 'adhyAtma phAga 3pa aMtagadadasAo' 23 adhyAtmakalpadruma bAlA' 65, 66 'aMtarIkSa pArzvanAtha jina chaMda 111, 'adhyAtmagarbhita sAdhAraNajina stavana' 193 234 aMbaDacaritra' 276 'adhyAtmagItA' 87, 88 aMbaDavidyAdhara rAsa' 7 adhyAtmagItA bAlA.' 67 Agama' 20, 23, 24, 25, 29 adhyAtmapratibodha' 164 AgamanaMbara' 240 adhyAtmasAra 210 AgamasAra' 86, 87 anaMtarAya rAvaLa 1 'AcArAMga bAlA. 3 anuyogadvAra bAlA.' 67 AcAryazrI somasuMdarasUrikRta upadezaabdurrahemAna 309 mAlA bAlAvabodha - eka adhyayana 'abhayakumAra rAsa' 174 259 abhayadharma 156 AjJAsuMdara 90, 260, 261, 267 abhayasoma 15, 27pa 'ATha yogadRSTi vicAra sajhAyano bAlA.' abhimanyu AkhyAna' 245 5 amarakumAra rAsa' 279 'Atmaprabodha sajhAya" 112 amaracaMdra 20 AtmarAja rAsa' 279 amaravijaya 7. Adijina stavana' 172 'amarazataka bAlA." 66 AdinAtha bhAsa" 112 amIvijaya papa, pa6 AdinAtha vinati' 112 amRtavANI abhidhAna' 111 AdinAtha vivAhalo' 174

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326 D madhyakAlIna gujarAtI jaina sAhitya AdIzvara jina chaMda 112 uttamacaMda 236 AnaMdakAvya mahodadhi - mauktika 7' uttamavijaya 19, 66, ra36, 238 156, 1pa7 'uttarapurANa' ra7, 167 AnaMdaghana 10, 42, 34, 81, 2, 83, "uttarAdhyayana' 21, 23, 294 194-206, 208-213, 226, 'uttarAdhyayana bAlA.' 3 231. udayadharma 29. 'AnaMdaghana aSTapadI 194, 208, udayadhavala 63 226 udayabhAnu 275, 276, 277 AnaMdaghana covIzI' 81 udayaratna 9, 17, 317, 318, 319 AnaMdaghana covIsI bAlA.' 66 324 'AnaMdaghana covIsIno Tabo' 231 udayavallabhasUri 3 AnaMdaghana bahuttarI bAlA.' 67 udayasAgara 7, 64 AnaMdaghana bahottarI' 197, 198, udayasAgarasUri 66 200, 201 udyotasAgara 66 AnaMdaghana bAvIzI' 204, 208 upadezapada' 294 AnaMdaghana 22 stavana bAlA.' 65 "upadezamAlA'/"uvaesamAlA' 29, dara 'AnaMdamaMdira rAsa' 232 - 256, 2pa8, 290, 291, 294 AnaMdavardhana | ANaMdavardhana 19, 181 upadezamAlA prakaraNa 2pa6 AnaMdavallabha 67 "upadezamAlA bAlAvabodha' 61, 3 ApaNA kavio' 61 65, 2pa6, 258 "AptamImAMsA' 84 upadezamAlA rAsa' 173 ArAdhanA' 24, 29 "upadezara-koza' 29 "ArAdhanA bAlA.' 62 upadezara-koza bAlA.... 3 ArAmazobhA caritra' 74 upamitibhavaprapaMca-kathA' 240 "ArAmazobhA copAI' 17, 7pa upAsakadazAMga' 64 ArAmazobhA rAsa' 16 uvaesamAlA" juo upadezamAlA' 'AloyaNagarbhita zrI sImaMdharajina uvAsagadasAo' 23, 25 vinati 112 'uSAharaNa" 116 Asiga 15 RddhisAra 67 AMkhakAna saMvAda' 279 trISabhadAsa 7, 9, 14, 15, 173 ilvadUta' 309 174, 177, 179, 180 iriyAvahI vicAra rAsa' 279, 280 'RSabhadeva rAsa' 173, 174 ilAtiputra rAsa' 280 RSabhasAgara 260 IdrasaubhAgya 65 'RSidarA (mahAsatI) rAsa' 7pa, 115 IzvarasUri 8, 69, 70 116, 11, 121, 124-128 "IsarazikSA' 17, 69 132, 136, 138, 139, 148 uttamakumAra caupAI' 312 150, 154, 279

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nAmasUci | 327 '-RSimaMDaLa bAlA.' 64 'kahArayaNa kosa' 294 (DaoN.) e. ena. upAdhye 20, 23 kAjI mahamada 4 'ekaso ATha nAma garbhita zaMkhezvara "kAdaMbarI' 162, 269 pArzvajina chaMda 236 kAnta 282 'ogha' 24 'kAnhaDade prabaMdha' 4, 10, 103 "aupapAkisUtra bAlA.' 63 kAyApura pATaNanI sajhAya' 279 'kathAkoSa' 22, 23, 25, 29 kAlikAcArya kathA bAlA.' 62 'kathAbatrIsI' 29 kAlidAsa 39, 24, 126 'kathAsaritsAgara' 32, 248, 260, "kAvyaprakAza 8, 115, 116, 117, 276 125 kanakasuMdara 64, 74 kAvyaprakAzavimarzinI' 115, 117 kanakAvatI 230 kAMkasAnI bhAsa" 112 kanubhAI zeTha 114. 115, 116, 154 kAMtivijaya 15, 55, 66, 207, 208 kapUravijaya 40 kItivijayajI 42 kabIra 10, 161, 198, 201, 203, kumArapAla 10, 24pa 206 'kumArapAla rAsa' 174, 175, 178 kamalavijaya 49 kulamaMDanasUri 61 kamalazekhara 35 kuzaladhIra 64 'kayA rAsa' 174 kuzalalAbha 2, 14, 15, 1pa7 'karasaMvAda 15, 106, 107, 169 kubhA rANA 170 'kapUraprakara bAlA.' 62 kuMvaravijaya 67 "kapUraprakarastotra' 290 kRpaNa gRhiNI saMvAda 15 kapUravijaya 211 kRSNamitra 239, 240 'karmagraMtha' 64 kRSNavelI bAlA.' 63 'karmavicAra gIta' 89 ke. ha. dhruva 239, 246, 247 'karmavipAka bAlA." 64 kezavajI RSi 65 'kalikAla rAsa' 89, 90, 94, 95 kezavarAma kA. zAstrI 3 kaliyuga batrIzI' 89, 90, 95, 98, kesaravimala 69 100-101 "kozyA gIta' 279 280 'kalpaprakaraNa" 290 kSamAkalyANa vAcaka 66 'kalpaprakaraNa bAlA. 3 kSitimohana sena 181, 201-204, 'kalpasUtra bAlA.' 62-65 206 'kalpasUtra vyAkhyAna bhAsa" 234 kSetrasamAsa bAlA.' 62, 3, 66 kalyANa 37 (laghu) kSetrasamAsa bAlA." 64 kalyANamaMdira bAlA.' 62 kSemavijaya 64 kalyANavijayagaNino rAsa' papa kahAnajI 8, 9 kavi sahajasuMdaranI rAsakRtio 280 khaMDaprazasti' 8

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328 D madhyakAlIna gujarAtI jaina sAhitya 'khimaRSi (bohA), balibhadra, yazo- gopAla bhaTTa 115, 116, 117 bhadrAdi rAsa' 102, 103, 105 'gorIsAMvalI gItavivAda 15, 106, khuzAlavijaya 236 108 khemasAgara 8 govardhanarAma 48 khoDAjI 211 gautama rAsa' 80 'gaNadharavAda bAlA." 66 gautamapRcchA' 111 gaNapati 114 "gautamapRcchA (karmavipAka) copAI garbhaveli' 111 111 gAMdhIjI 205, 212 'gautamapRcchA bAlA.' 62, 66 giranAra uddhAra rAsa" 164 ghanAnaMda 198 gItasaMgraha 132, 142, 146, 147 "causaraNa adhyayana bAlA.' 62 'Gujarat and its Literature' aC causaraNa prakIrNa bAlA.' 3 gujarAtI sAhitya (madhyakAlIna)' 1 "caturazItiprabaMdha' 29 "gujarAtI sAhityakoza' 19, 182 caturbhuja 34, 37 "gujarAtI sAhityano itihAsa 2, "caturvizati jina chaMda 234 250 caritranaMdi 211 gujarAtI hAthapratonI saMkalita yAdI' 3, "caMdraguNAvalI lekha' 49 50 caMdarAjAno lekha 49 guNakaraMDa copAI 2074 caMdrakevalIno rAsa' 231, 233 guNacaMdasUri 40 caMdragupta 272 guNadhIragaNi 63 caMpakacaMdanavAda 106, 107 guNabhadra 167 caMpakazreSThi copAI 170 'guNaratnAkara chaMda' 71, 279, 280, cANakya 272 281, 288 cAturmAsika vyAkhyAna bAlA.' 64 guNavaMtasUri 36 cAritrakalaza 16 guNavinaya 8, 9 cAritrasiMha 63 guNa saubhAgyasUri 114, 117 'citrasena padmAvatI caritra bAlA.' 66 'guNasthAnakramAroha bAlA.' 64 cidAnaMda 211 'guNasthAnagarbhita jinastavana bAlA.' 'cidAnaMda bahotarI' 211 3 'ciMtAmaNI' 207 guruguNa chattIsI bAlA." 06 cI. DA. dalAla 156, 157 gurnAvalI phAga' 35 "cupaI phAga' 3pa gUrjara kAvyasaMgraha' 211 24 daMDaka vicAra bAlA' 66 gUrjara sAhitya saMgraha bhA.1 210 covIsI' 19, 88, 182 goDI pArzvanAtha chaMda' 100 covIsI vIsI saMgraha 187 goDI pArzvanAtha stavana' 157, 160, "covIsI svopajJa bAlA." 66 195 cauda supanAnI sajhAya" 112 WWW.jainelibrary.org

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nAmasUci 329 cha karmagraMtha bAlA.' 64, 66 jagaDu 14 jinabhadrasUri 290 jaya kIti 64, 291 jinamatadhAraka vyavasthAvarNana stavana jayacaMdagaNi 40 bAlA.' 67 jayacaMdrasUri 62 jinarakSita jinapAlita saMdhi 156, jayavallabha 63 160. jayavaMtasUri 7, 8, 9, 14, 15, 16, jinarAjasUri 195 36, 40, 49, 5, 78, jinavardhanasUri 21, 263 114-119, 121, 123, 124, jinavijayajI 61, 65, 165, 212, 125, 127, 129-132, 13pa, 250 137, 138, 147, 143, 148, jinasAgarasUri 291 1pa1, 1pa2, 154 jinasUra (?) 62 jayavijaya 49, papa jinasena 27 jayazekharasUri 2, 8, 15, 40, 9, 80, jinasoma 66 239, 240, 241, 25, 246, jinaharSa (jasarAja) 7, 9, 16, 64, 247 73, 74, 260, 301, 30, 307 jayasiMhasUri 30, 291 jinezvarasUri 14 jayasoma 64 'jIbhalaDInuM gIta" 112 jayaMta 240 jIrAulA pArzvanAtha chaMdavinati 111 jayaMta koThArI 67 'jIrApallI pArzvanAtha phAgu' 3pa sarAja juo jinaharSa jIvacetanA kAgaLa' 49 jasavaMta 207 jIvavicAra bAlA." 66 "jasavilAsa" 211 jIvavijaya 66 (upAdhyAya) jasasuMdara 261 jIvazikhAmaNavidhi Adi 111 jahAMgIra 173 jIvAbhigamasUtra bAlA.' 65 jaMbUcaritra bAlA. 3 jaina kumArasaMbhava mahAkAvya 8, 239 jabUdvIpa prajJapti bAlA.' 66 jaina gUrjara kavio' 3, 4, 8, 12, 16, "jabUsvAmI aMtaraMga rAsa/vivAhalo 3, 64, 67, 72, 73, 279 116-117, 156 jabUsvAmI phAgu' 39 jaina padasaMgraha 211 jaMbUsvAmI rAsa' 215, 216, 218, "jaina maramI AnaMdaghana' 201 223, 231, 234, 280, 297 "jaina sAhityano saMkSipta itihAsa" 110 jabUsvAmIno vivAhalo' 89 jenayuga' 197 jinacaMdrasUri 1pa6, 182, 290 jainazataka' 199 "jinacaMdrasUri phAgu' 34, 35 (DaoN.) jorAvarasiMha paramAra 259 jinAsa 15, 102 jJAtAdharmasUtra bAlA.' 64 jinapadmasUri 18, 34, 36, 38, 79, "jJAtAsUtra bAlA.' 64

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33) D madhyakAlIna gujarAtI jaina sAhitya jJAnagItA' 3pa 'triSaSTizalAkApuruSacarita' 29 jJAnamUrti 64 thAvastrAputra rAsa 164 jJAnavimalasUri 16, 17, 5, 73, 82, dayArAma 1, 2, 311 - 194, 195, 230-235 dayAsiMha 62 jJAnavilAsa' 211 darzaka 48 jJAnasAgara 49, 66 'dazamaskaMdha' 269 jJAnasAra' 66, 195, 196, 211 'dazavaikAlikasUtra bAlA.' 63, 64 jJAnasAra (saM.)no svopajJa bAlA.' pa dazArNabhadra gItavivAhalo' 89 jJAnasUryodaya' 240 dazAzrutaskaMdha bAlA.' 65 jJAnAnaMda 211 daMDaka saMgrahaNI bAlA." 67 'jJAnAva' 87 dAdU 203, 206 jhamakaladevI 102 'dAnanI sajhAya" 112 bAvitela 183 "divALI gIta' 89, 90, 95, 98 TAgora 245, juo ravibAbu dIpavijaya 9, 49, papa, pa7, 71 DuMgara 35 dIpAlikAkalpa bAlA.' 64, 65 'DhuMDhaka rAsa' 237 durvAsA AkhyAna' 269 'DholA mAru copAI 156, 157, 159, dRDhaprahAramuni sajhAya" 112 160 depAla 90 'NAyadhammakahAo' 21, 23, 25, 29, devakuzala 65 31, 32 devacaMdra | devacaMdragaNi 66, 86, 194, tattvahaMsa 66 231 "tattvArthasUtra bAlA.' 65 devaprabhasUri 28 'taddhita bAlAvabodha' 61 devarAja-vatsarAja prabaMdha' 269 "taraMgalolA' 28 devavijayagaNi 27 taraMgavatI' 28 devendrasUri 87 taruNaprabhasUri 61, 3, 258, 291 'dezIonI sUci 76 'taMdulaveyAlIya payatrA bAlA.' 63 dolatarAma 211 tIrthamAlAyAtrA stavana" 234 ghAnatarAya 198, 200, 211 tIrthaMkara 24nAM kavita' 174 'ghAnatavilAsa' juo "dharmavilAsa' tulasI 245 'dravyaguNa payaya rAsa' 8, 84, 297 tejapAla 10, 89, 91 'dravyaguNa payaya rAsa - svopajJa bAlA.' 'tejasAra rAsa' 1pa6, 160 'tetaliputra rAsa' 280. dravyasaMgraha bAlA." 5 tatalImaMtrIno rAsa' 279 dravyAnuyogatakaNA' 9 'tribhuvanadIpaka prabaMdha' 8, 15, 80, draupadI copAI' 167, 169 239, 241, 244, 245 'hAsaptatiprabaMdha' 29 'triSaSTizalAkApuruSa' 27 (zeTha) dhanajI sUrA 207 * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * :: -

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nAmasUci 331 dhanadatta-dhanadeva caritra' 269 nayasuMdara 14, 18, 161, 12, 163, dhanadeva kathA' 269 169 dhanadevagaNi 35, 37 narapati 1 "dhanapALa-zIlavatIno rAsa' 237 narasiMha mahetA 1, 2, 10, 54, 114, dhanavijaya 64 168, 206, 248, 311 dhanarAja 292 'nalacaMpU' 8 dhanavimala 64 'naLa-damayaMtI caMpU' 8 dhanasAra 279 'naladamayaMtI rAsa 14, 161, 162, dhammadAsagaNi juo dharmadAsagaNi 163 dhamilacaritra' 239 'nala-davadaMtI rAsa" 168, 149, 195 dharmacaMdra 66 'nalarAja gIta' 89 dharmadAsagaNi. dhammadAsagaNi 256, "nalAyana" 11, 162 294 navakAra chaMda(rAsa)' 1pa7, 160 dharmadivagaNi 62 navatattva bAlA.' 62, 3, 65, 66 dharmamUrtiguru phAga' 3pa navatattvavivaraNa bAlAvabodha' 61 dharmaratnasUri 115 navapadanI pUjA' 231 dharmalakSI pravartinI 115, 117 navapallava pArzvanAtha stavana" 111 dharmavardhana 8 naLAkhyAna' 269 dharmavilAsa-ghAnatavilAsa' 200 naMda 272 dharmasamudra 9 naMdabatrIzI' 109, 110 dharmasAgarajI 167 nAkara 1, 167 dhamasiMha 71 nAthumala 230 dharmasUri 90 nAthurAma premIjI 212 dharmasanagaNi 30 nAnajI 64 dhamamRta' 212 nArAyaNa 207 dharmopadezamAlA 291 nArI nirAsa phAga' 35, 37, 39 dhIravimalagaNi 230 nipuNA dalAla 116, 154 dhUkhyAna prabaMdha athavA bAlA." 65 niraMjanA vorA 76, 279, 280 dhyAnadIpikA catuSpadI' 86, 87 "niMdAnivAraNa | parihAranI sajhAya' nagInadAsa pArekha 245 - 279, 280 nannasUri 63 niMdAnI sajajhAya' 280 'nayacakra' 87 nemarAjula bAramAsa vela prabaMdha' 125 'nayacakrano bAlAvabodha' 5, 86-87 "nemarAjula bAramAsA' 40, 308, 309 nayavijaya 207, 297 nemarAjula lekha' 49 nayavimala | nayavimalagaNi 65, 230, "micaritra' 168 231 nemicaMdrasUri 166 nayavilAsa 64 nemijina stavanakAga' 122, 13pa,

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332 ] madhyakAlIna gujarAtI jaina sAhitya 136, 131, 140 'neminAtha catuSpadikA' 19, 40, 78 neminAtha caritra bAlA.' 65 'neminAtha teramAsA' 317-320 'neminAtha navaraso' 174 'neminAthanI rasavelI' 19, 237 'neminAtha phAga'171 'neminAtha phAgu' 35, 39, 40, 79 neminAtha bAramAsa velaprabaMdha' 116 neminAtha jimatI gIta' 171 neminAtha-rAjimatI bAramAsa' 78, 131, 133, 134, 137, 138, 140, 144 'neminAtha-rAjimatI bAramAsa prabaMdha' 121 'neminAtha rAjimatI bArahamAsA' 313 neminAtha rAjimatI stavana' 174, 178 'neminAtha lekha' 49 'neminAtha stavana' 112, 145 'neminAtha hamacaDI' 108 'naimiraMgaratnAkara chaMda' 16, 103, 104, 108 nemi-rAjimatI bAramAsA' 16, 79. 182 'nemi-rAjimatI snehavela'237 "nemIzvarita phAgabaMdha' 37 nyAyasAgarajI 42 40, 136, vela 'paumacarayaM'167, 170 'paNNAsa' 24, 29 padmacirata' 27, 197 padmacaMdra 66 'padmapurANa' 23, 27 padmavijaya 7, 66, 207, 236 padmasiMha 207 paradezI rAjAnI sajhAya' 237 paradezI rAjAno rAsa' 2790281 paramasAgara. 275 paramahaMsa prabaMdha' 239 'paraloke patra' 48 paryaMtArAdhanA bAlA.' 62 pazcimAdhIza chaMda' 8 'paMcatIrtha pUjA' 237 'paMcatIrthanuM stavana'112 'paMcadaMDa'276 'paMcanigraMthIprakaraNa' 290 'paMcanigraMthI bAlA.' 62, 65 paMcAsara vinati" 239 pAkSika kSAmaNa bAlA.' 65 pAkSika-cAturmAsika-sAMvatsarika 112 'pAkSikasUtra bAlA,'65 pAdalipta 28 pArzvacaMdrasUri 63 pArzvanAtha caritra bAlA.' 66 pArzvanAtha jinastavana' 219 pArzvanAtha yamakabandha stotrama' 172 pArzvanAtha stavana (loDaNa)' 111 pArzvanAtha svAmIno chaMda' 236 'pArzvapurANa' 199 'pAsasthAvicAra'63 pAMca bolano micchAmi dokaDo bAlA..' 4 pAMDavacaratra' 28, 168 'pAMDavapurANa'28 'piMDa' 24 gIta' 'piMDavizuddhi bAlA.' 62 puNyaphala sajhAya' 112 'puNyasAracarita copAI' 169 'purAtanaprabaMdhasaMgraha'- 29 puSpamAlA prakaraNa' 290, 291, 294 puSpamAlA bAlA.' 62 pUjya vAhaNa gIta' 160 pUMjARRSi 167

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nAmasUci | 333 pRthvIcaMdra guNasAgara caritra bAlA. 65 baLavaMtarAya 70. "pRthvIcaMdracarita' 18, 67, 248, 270 bAra ArA stavana' 174 pRthvIrAja kRSNavelI bAlA.' 64 bAra bhAvanA' 195 prajJApanAsUtra bAlA." 4, 66 bAra bhAvanA sajhAya' 123-12pa 'pratikramaNa sUtra bAlA." 64 "bAravratagrahaNaTIpa rAsa 231, 234 pratikramaNahetu garbhita svAdhyAya' 217 bAvIsI' 196 'prabaMdhaciMtAmaNi 29 'bAhu jina stavana' 88 prabaMdhapaMcazatI' 29 "buDhAno rAsa' 9 (DaoN.) prabodha paMDita 61 budhavijaya 66 prabodhacandrodaya' 239, 240 bRhatkathA' 9, 18, 260, 276 prabodhaciMtAmaNi 8, 239-241 bRhatkathAmaMjarI' 260 prabhAcandra 29 bRhatkathAzlokasaMgraha 20 prabhAvatI rAsa' 164 (paM.) becaradAsa 212 "praznavyAkaramasUtra bAlA.' 3 brahmamuni-vinayadevasUri 63 praznavyAkaraNasUtravRtti (saM.) ra31 brahmAnaMda 311 'praznottarapadazataka' 290 bhaktAmara para kathA 62 prasannacandra rAjarSi rAsa' 279 bhaktAmarastotram 290 prasannacandrasUri 3pa bhaktAmarastotra bAlA.' 61, 2, 66 "prAcIna gujarAtI gadyasaMdarbha 61, 2, bhaktivijaya 66 250 bhagavatI-vivAha-paSNatti' 21 prAcIna gujarAtI sAhitya ratnamAlA "bhagavatIsUtra bAlA.' 64 bhA. 1' 61 "bharaDakabatrIsI 29 prAcIna phAgusaMgraha' 34 bharata bAhubalI rAsa' 174, 175, prAcIna madhyakAlIna bAramAsA saMgraha 180 317 bharatezvara cakravartI phAga' 3pa prAcIna sajhAyasaMgraha' 279 bharatezvara rAsa" 175 prAstAvika kavita' 89 bharatezvarabAhubali ghora' 6 priyamelaka copAI 195 bharatezvarabAhubali rAsa' 6, 80, 176 prItivimala 195 bhArahaTTa-dvatrizikA' 29 premAnaMda 1, 2, 48, 24, 114, 163, bhartuharizatakatraya bAlA.' 66 168, 176, 190 245, 247, 'bhavabhAvanA 294 289 bhavabhAvanA bAlA.' 62, 6pa premAnaMda (premasakhI) 311 bhavAnI chaMda' 160 phakIracaMda 9 bhavyacaritra' 240 (kavi) banArasIdAsa 156, 198, bhAgacaMda 211 211 'bhAgavata' 34 banArasIvilAsa' 198, 211 bhAnu bhaTTa 7.

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334 ] madhyakAlIna gujarAtI jaina sAhitya bhAnucaMdra 156 bhAnumeru 69, 161 bhAnuvijaya 66 bhAlaNa 1, 2, pa4, 12, 247, 269 bhAvArivAraNa bAlA." 62 'bhAvArivAraNastotram 290 'bhASAnA 42 bhedano bAlA." 3 'bhASAvimarza' 280 bhImadeva pahelo 103 bhuvanadIpaka bAlA." 5, 66 bhuvanabhAnucaritra bAlA.' 66 bhUdhara ! bhUdharadAsa 198, 199, 211 bhogIlAla sAMDesarA 34, 116, 239, 2pa0, 290 bhojasAgara 9 bhramaragIta' 40 bhramaragItA phAga' 34, 37 makhanma mahamada zekha kAjI 166 madhusUdana 27pa (DaoN.) madhusUdana pArekha 1 "madhyayugIna hiMdI sAhityakA loka tAttvika adhyayana' 30 manabhamarAnI sajhAya' 4 malayacaMdra 269, 270, 271, 274 mallinAtha rAsa' 174 mahAbatakhAna. 207 mahAbhArata" 9, 23, 28 mahAvIra vinati' 239 mahAvIra stavana svopajJa bAlA." 65 "mahAvIra svAmInuM hAlariyuM papa, pa7 mahAvIra (hUMDI) stavana bAlA.' 66 mahimAsAgara 3, 181, 182 mahIratna 63 maMga 102 'maMgalakalaza' 3pa maMgalakalaza phAga' 35, 37 maMgaladAsa 102 maMgalamANikya 7 maMjulAla ra. majamudAra 40 mANika suMdaragaNi 62 mANikyadevasUri 161 mANijyavinaya 79 mANijyasAgara 49 mANikyasuMdarasUri 2, 18, 37, 248, 250, 2para, 2pa4, 270 mANeka 260 mAdhavAnala kAmakaMdalA copAI' 14 mAdhavAnala kAmakaMdalA rAsa' 1, pa7 mAdhavAnala copAI' 1pa6, 157, 158, 160 mAdhavAnala dogdhaka prabaMdha' 157 mAnavijayagaNi 5 mAnavijayajI 46 mAruDholA copAI' 14 mAladeva 3pa mAlamuni 7 mAMkaNa rAsa) 9 mIrAM 2, 198, 205, 206, 311 'mugdhAvabodha auktika' 61 munazI 18, 40, 48 munisuMdarasUri 62 mUrkha phAga' 3pa mRgAkhyAna' 269 mRgAvatI caritra' 169 mRgAvatI rAsa' 73 mRgAMkalekhA rAsa' 274 megharAja 63 meghavijaya 166 merUtuMgasUri 29, 61 merunandana 35 merunaMdA 90 meruvimalagaNi 30 merusuMdara, 62, 290, 292, 294 mohana (molhA ?) 67 WWW.jainelibrary.org

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mohanalAla dalIcaMda dezAI 3, 67, 72, 73, 74, 110, 113, 116, 156, 166 mohaparAjaya / moharAjaparAjaya' 240, 245 'mohinI phAgu' 35 yazapAla 240 yazarAja 245 yazodhara caritra bAlA.' 66 'yazodharanRpa copAI' 161, 164 yazovijaya 7-10, 19, 42, 44, 64, 194, 213, 65, 73, 83, 85, 86, 195, 202, 206-211, 215-217, 219, 220, 223, 225-229, 231, 298 222, 297, 'yogaprakAza' 62 'yogazAstra' 62, 258, 290 'yogazAstra bAlA.' 61, 62, 66, 258 'yauvanajarA saMvAda' 279 raghupati (rUpavallabha) 7 'raghuvaMza'8 raghuvIra caudharI 48 rajjabajI 203 'raNamala chaMda' 10 'raNasiMha rAjarSi rAsa' 231, 234 'ratnakumAra/ratnasAra 280 ratnamaMDanagaNi 35, 37 ratnamaMDitagaNi 79 ratnamUrtigaNi 290 ratnavijaya 49, 55 'ratnasamuccaya bAlA.' 66 copAI' 209, ratnasamudra 279 ratnasUri 269 ramaNalAla cI. zAha 166, 169 (DaoN.) ramaNIka zAha 290 ravibAbu 205; juo TAgora raviSeNa 27, 197 nAmasUci ] 335 'rahanemi-rAjimatI coka/sajhAya' 236 raMgaratnAkara neminAtha chaMda' 71 raMgaratnAkara neminAtha prabandha' 103, 104 raMgasAgara neminAtha phAgu' 35 rAjazekharasUri 39, 79 rAjasiMha 74 rAjasoma 167 rAjahaMsa 63 'rAjimatI bAramAsa'40 rAjiyo 234 'rAjula-nema saMdesa u'309 'rANapuramaMDana caturmukha AdinAtha phAgu' 39 'rAma lekha' 49 'rAmacirata' 27 rAmacaMdra 156 rAmacaMdrasUri 62, 276 rAmalAla 67 rAmavijaya 66 rAmavijaya vAcaka 65 rAmavijayajI 44 'rAmAyaNa' 9, 167 rAyacaMda vi. 211 rAyacaMdrasUriguru bAramAsa'40 'rAyapaseNIsUtra bAlA.' 63 rAvaNamaMdodarI saMvAda' 106, 107 'rAvaNasAra saMvAda' 106 rANi pArzvanAtha phAgu' 35 'rukmiNInI sajhAya' 112 rUpacaMda 66 'rUpacaMdakuMvara rAsa' 18, 161, 162, 163 rUpavallabha juo raghupati

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336 ] madhyakAlIna gujarAtI jaina sAhitya rUpavijaya 49, papa 'vasaMta phAgu' 36, 40 revaMtagiri rAso' 80 vasaMtavilAsa' 6, 13, 34, 37, 79 rohaNiyA rAsa 173, 174 vasudevahiMDI 22, 25, 30, 3ra, 260, lakSmIvallabha 3pa 276, 293 lakSmIvinaya 65 vastupAla 10, 89, 91, 92, 96, 102 lakSmIvimala 66 'vastupAla-tejapAla rAsapribaMdha' 89, lakSmIsAgarasUri 102 90, 91, 96, 98, 100 "laghukSetrasamAsa bAlA.' 66 'vaMdAravRtti bAlA.' 65 laghurAja 102 'vAbhadAlaMkAra' 10, 290, 291 'laghusaMgrahaNI bAlA.' 3 'vAbhadAlaMkAra bAlAvabodhaH 291 labdhivijaya 19, 46 vAdicaMdra 28, 240 'lalitAga caritra' 70 vAnAjI 25 lalitAMganarezvara caritra' 8 vAsava zeTha 230 lAdhAzAha 65 "vAsupUjya manorama phAga' 37 lAbhAnaMda 194, 195, 202 "vAhaNanuM phaga' 3pa (paM.) lAlacandra bhagavAnadAsa 239 "vikramacarita rAsa 80 lAvaNyavijaya 66 vikramacaritra rAsa' ra7pa lAvaNyasamaya 1, 8, 9, 15, 16, 69, "vicAragraMtha bAlA." dara 71, 102-113 'vicAraratnasAra' 87, 194 lIlAvatI 102 'vicAraSatrizikA (deDaka) bAlA.' 64 'lumpaka-lopaka tapagaccha jayotpatti rAsa' vijayadevasUri 202, 200 237 vijayaprabhasUri 207, 208, 230, laMkaTavadana-capeTA copAI 110 - 231 "lokanAla (trizikA) bAlA.' 64 vijayaratnasUri 115 'lokanAla bAlA.' 64, 65 vijayazekhara 64 "lokanAlikA bAlA." 3, 64 vijayasiMhasUri 202, 208 "locana kAjala saMvAda 123 vijayasenasUri 49, 173, 234 lobhanI sajhAya" 112 "vijayasenasUri lekha' 49 loMkAzAha 110 vijayaharSa 71 vakhatacaMda zeTha 10 vijayeMdrasUri 66 'vaccharAja devarAja rAsa, copAI' 103, "vidagdhamukhamaMDana' 290, 291 105 vidyAtilaka 292 vajiyo 234 vidyAvinecaTTanI vAta 260 vajasenasUri 6 vidyAvilAsa carita/pavADo/rAsa' 89 valkalacIrI copAI 169 92, 96, 100 vallabha bhaTTa 73, 34, 302 'vidyAvilAsa copAI' 90, 260 vallabhavijaya 67 vidyAvilAsa pavADa 1, 5, 260, 269 *

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nAmasUci D 337 vidyAvilAsa rAsa' 260, 261 'vidyAvilAsacaritra rAsa' 260 'vidyAvilAsinI vAta' 260 vinayacaMdra 19, 78, 312, 313, 316 vinayadevasUri juo brahmamuni vinayamaMDana upAdhyAya 115, 116 vinayamaMDanagaNi 49 vinayamuni 44 vinayamUrti 63 vinayavijaya 10, 40, 49, 211, - 308, 309 vinayavimalagaNi 230 'vinayavilAsa' 211 vinItavijaya 44 vinodacotrIsI 29 vibudhavimala 66 vimalakIti 64 'vimalacaritra' 8 'vimalaprabaMdha/rAsa' 8, 102, 103 vimalamaMtrI 10, 103, 104 vimalavijaya 236 vimalasUri 27, 167 'vimalAcalamaMDana Adijina stavana 171 'virahiNI lekha 49 'virATaparva 14, 17, 9, 70 'vivAgasUyam 23 vizvanAtha jAnI 114 vIraprabhasUri 89 vIramatI 103 vIravijaya 7, 236 vIzI' 73, 74, 301 'vRttaratnAkara' 290 'vRttaratnAkara bAlA.' 62 vRddhivijaya 35, 65 'vetAla pacIsI' 27 vaitAlapaMcaviMzati 260 vairAgya vinati 112 vyavahArazuddhi-viSayaka dhanadatta zreSThi copAI' 169 vyaMkaTanAtha 240 "vyAkaraNacatuSka bAlAvabodha' 61 'vyApArI rAsa" 15 zakuMtalA rAsa' 9 zatruMjaya uddhAra rAsa 164 zatruMjaya bhAsa' 89 zatruMjaya maMDana AdIzvara vinati 112 zatruMjayamAhAbhya rAsa' 7 zatruMjaya stavana 112, 290 zatruMjaya stavana bAlA.' 62, 292 zaMkarAcArya 8 zaMkhezvara pArzvanAtha chaMda 164 zAkuntala' 116 zAmaLa 1, 2, 7, 114, 157, 179, 260 zAlara vodavila 183 zAlibhadra rAsa' 195 zAlibhadra sajhAya' 280 zAlibhadrasUri 6, 80 zAlisUri 14, 69 zAzvatajinapratimAsaMkhyAmaya stavana 234 zAhajahAM 173 'zAMtijina stavana' 84 zAMtidAsa ane vakhatacaMda zeThano rAsa' 11 zAMtinAtha stavana' 164 zAMba-pradyumna copAI' 167, 169 'zAMba-pradyumna rAsa' 170 zivanidhAna 3 (DaoN.) zivalAla jesalapurA 183, 317 zIlataraMgiNI' 292, 294 zIlavatIcaritra rAsa' 49, 117, 127 zIlazikSA rAsa" 11, 164

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338 | madhyakAlIna gujarAtI jaina sAhitya 'zIlopadezamAlA 290, 291, 292, 'sajhAyamAlA' 279 294 'sattariya-jina stavana' 234. zIlopadezamAlA bAlAvabodha' 61- "sattarIkarmagraMtha bAlA.' 63 63, 290, 291, 294 satyavijayajI 202 'zukarAja)suDAsAhelI rAsa./prabaMdha' 279 (DaoN.) satyendra 30 zubhacaMdra 28 sadevaMta sAvaliMgA' 31 zubhacaMdrAcArya 87 saptasmaraNa bAlA.' 66 zubhavijaya 64 samatAzataka' 209 zubhazIlagaNi 29 samantabhadra 84 zRMgAramaMjarI" 1, 4, 15, 49, samayapramoda 17, 7pa 114-118, 121, 124-129, samayaratna 102 132, 134, 137, 139-141, "samayasAra nATaka' 198 143, 1pa1, 154 samayasAra bAlA.' 66 zravaNasudhArasa rAsa' 161 samayasuMdara (upAdhyAya) 1, 7-9, 17, 'zrAddhavidhivRtti bAlA.' 66 29, 63, 73, 165-167, zrAddhaSaDAvazyaka sUtra bAlA.' 61 169-172, 195 zrAvaka pratikramaNa sUtra bAlA.' 62 samAracaMdra-samarasiMha 3 zrAvaka prabaMdha' 279 samarA rAsa" 11 "zrAvakavidhi sajhAya' 112 samarAIkahA' 28, 293 zrIdhara 102, 107 'samarAdityakevaLI rAsa7 zrIpAla RSi 64 samudravahANa saMvAda' 215, 216, 'zrIpAlacaritra' (saM.) 231 221, 222, 297 'zrIpAla rAsa" 194, 211, 216, 'samudra-vAhaNa vivAda rAsa' 297 218, 222, 226 samyakttvaparIkSA bAlA.' 66 zrIsAra pAThaka 64 'samyakatva bAlA." 63 zreNika rAsa' 174 samyaktvamAI caupai" 14. paDAvazyaka vivaraNa saMkSepArtha 63 samyakatvamUla bAra vrata rAsa' 89, 95 SaDAvazyakasUtra' 290, 291, 294 samyatva stava bAlA.' 66 paDAvazyakasUtra bAlA.' 61, 2, 3, samyagudRSTi-dvAaizikA' 210 65, 291 sarasvatImAtAno chaMda 279, 280 SaSTizatakaprakaraNa' 62, 290, 291 'sarasvatI lakSmI vivAda gIta' 89, 90, SaSTizataka bAlA.' 61, 2, 64 96 'SaSTizataka vivaraNa' 62 sarUpAde 173 sakalakIrti 28 savAIbhAI rAyacaMda 187 sakalacaMdragaNi 16, 195 sahajaratna 64 'sakalAhabAlA." 65 sahajasuMdara 9, 71, 279, 280, 289 sajana paMDita 49, 115 saMkalpasUryodaya' 240

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'saMgrahaNI bAlA.' 62, 64 saMghatilakasUri 292 saMghadAsagaNi 25 'saMghapaTTaka bAlA.' cha 'saMghalasIkumAra copAI' 269 'saMdezaka rAsa' 309 'saMbodhasattarI bAlA.' 64 'saMyamataraMga'211 "saMyamazreNIvicAra stavanano svopanna bAlA.' 65 saMvegadevagaNi 62 saMvegasuMdaragaNi 261 'saMsAradAvAnalastutivRtti' (saM.) 231 *saMstAraka prakIrNaka bAlA.' 63 sAdhukIrti 63, 275 "sAdhupratikramaNasUtra bAlA.' 63 sAdhuratnasUri 61 'sAdhuvaMdanA rAsa' 231, 234 'sAdhusajhAya bAlA.' 67 sAMgaNa (saMghavI) 173 siddhapaMcAzikA bAlA.' 66 siddharSisUri 240 siddhasUri 279 "siddhahema' 244 siddhahema AkhyAna bAlA.' 63 'siddhAcala siddhavelI' 237 'siddhAnta copAI' 110 'siMghalazI caritra' 269, 270, 272, 274 siMhalasuta priyamelaka rAsa' 169 'siMhAsana-batrIsI' 157, 269, 270, 276 'sItArAma copAI' 17, 166, 167, 168, 170 'sItAviraha lekha' 49 'sImandharajina lekha' 49 'sImaMdhara caMdrAulA' 136, 138, 145 nAmasUci ] 339 vinati caMdrAulA/lekha 'sImaMdharajana 123 sImaMdharajana stavana'122 'sImaMdharajana stavana bAlA.' 65 'sImaMdhara stavana' 280 sImaMdhara stavanano svopajJa bAlA.' 65 'sImaMdharasvAmI lekha' 49, 115, 122, 133, 135, 142, 144 sImaMdharasvAmIne vinati' 84 'sIlovaesamAlA' 291 "sukaDI-capU saMvAda-gIta' 106, 107 (paM.) sukhalAla 206 sukhasAgara 65 'sujasavelI bhAsa' 206, 207 sundaram 39 'sumatisAdhusUri vivAhalo' 108, 109 suradAsa 206 'surapriyakevalIno rAsa' 103, 106 'surasuMdarI rAsa' 163 'suraMgAbhidha nemi phAga' 35, 37 (rA.) suzIla 202, 203, 206 'susaDha rAsa' 234 suMdarahaMsa 63 'sUktamAlA' 69 'sUDAsAhelI rAsa' 279, 280, 281 'sUtrakRtAMgasUtra bAlA.' 63 sUracaMda 64 'sUryadIpavAda chaMda' 106, 107 'sUryadIvAvAda chaMda' 15 'sUryabha nATaka' 234 serIsA pArzvanAtha jina) stavana 111 sonIrAma 37 sobhAgade 207 somatilakasUri 292 sovimalasUri 63 somasuMdarasUri 61, 102, 256, 258, 259, 291

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340 | madhyakAlIna gujarAtI jaina sAhitya somAbhAI pArekha 34 saubhAgyanaMdasUri 8 taMbhana pArzvanAtha stuti' 69 'strIlikhita lekha' 49 sthavirAvalI' 29 'sthaMbhana pArzvanAtha stavana" 157, 160 yUlibhadra ekavIso' 109 sthUlibhadra kozA kAgaLa' 49 sthUlibhadra kozA premavilAsa phAga 14, 16, 36, 122, 124, 125, 13pa, 136, 137, 145 sthUlibhadra kozA lekha' 49, 146 "dhUlibhadra caritra bAlA." 66, 67 sthUlibhadra caMdrAyaNi" 121, 125, 130, 131, 141, 142 sthUlibhadra chaMda' ra79 sthUlibhadra chAhalI 90 sthUlibhadra phAgu 18, 34-38, 79, harirAja (jAdava rAula) 159 (DaoN.) harivallabha bhAyANI 40, 72, 290, 294 harivaMza 22, 28 harivaMzapurANa' 23, 27 harivilAsa phAgu' 34 harizcaMdra rAjAno rAsa' 274 harizcaMdra rAsa' 74 hariSaNa 22, 25, 29 harSakuzala 166 harSanaMdana 166 harSanidhAnasUri 66 harSavallabha 64 hiMsaprabaMdha' 239 haMsarane 65 haMsarAja 64, 90 haMsavicAra prabaMdha' ra39 hiMsAulI 6 'hitazikSA rAsa' 14, 174, 175 hitazikSA sajhAya" 112 hIracaMdra 64 hIravijayasUri 10, 11, 167 hIravijayasUri rAsa" 11, 173, 174 hIrANaMda 15, 89, 90, 84-101, 269 hIrAbahena pAThaka 48 hIrAvedha batrIsI' 15 "huMDikA' 8 hemacaMdrAcArya 8, 29, 207, 230, 240, 24pa hemavimalasUri 63 hemahaMsagaNi 62 'sthUlibhadra bAramAsA 40, 89, 94, 98, 100 yUlibhadra bArahamAsA 312, 313 sthUlibhadra bhAsa" ra79 sthUlibhadramuni zRMdAsi' 90 sthUlibhadra mohanali" 121 sthUlibhadra rAsa' 90, 174 sthUlibhadra svAdhyAya 280 snAtrapUjApacAzikA bAlA.' 64 haragoviMdadAsa kAMTAvAlA 156, 157 harajI 29 hari harSada dhruva 61 haribala macchI rAsa' 19 haribhadra 28, 294 4

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samRddha saMskAravArasAnI khevanA madhyakAlIna gujarAtI sAhityamAM jaina lekhakonuM pradAna ghaNuM moTuM che - racanAonA pramANanI, prakAronI, vividhatAnI temaja guNavattAnI dRSTie. gujarAtI sAhityanA itihAso, adhyayano, pAThyakramomAM jaina kRtionI temanA mahattvanA pramANamAM je avagaNanA thaI che te mATe vividha kAraNo cIMdhI zakAya. Ama chatAM sanniSTha prayAsa thoDuMka to iSTa pariNAma jarUra lAve enuM dRSTAMta prastuta saMgraha pUruM pADe che. emAMnA nibaMdhomAM hIrANaMda, lAvaNyasamaya, jayavaMta, kuzalalAbha, nayasuMdara, RSabhadAsa, AnaMdavardhana, AnaMdaghana, yazovijaya jevA jaina lekhako tathA keTalIka jaina kRtionAM paricaya ane guNadarzana, thoDAka prakAronI jANakArI ane sAmAnya pravAhadarzana rajU thayAM che. thoDIka atyukti lAge topaNa kahuM ke A to pAzerAmAM pahelI pUNI che. AvA saMkhyAbaMdha prayAso ane keTalAMka saghana adhyayano thatAM rahe tene pariNAme ja jaina paraMparAnA vyApaka pradAnanuM sAcuM, saMtoSakAraka citra nirmita thAya. vaLI A to mukhyatve prakAzita jaina sAhityane ja kendramAM rAkhIne vAta thaI. hajI aprakAzita rahela gujarAtI jaina sAhitya anekagaNuM che, gaMjAvara che. potAnA samRddha, vipula saMskAravArasAnI jemane khevanA hoya tevA gujarAtIo, jaino jarUrI Teko ane tAlIma sulabha karIne juvAna abhyAsIonuM eka niSThAvAna jUtha taiyAra kare to ja e sAhityano uddhAra thAya. harivallabha bhAyANI