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________________ anekAnta 68 / 1, janavarI-mArca, 2015 Year-68, Volume-1 RNI No. 10591/62 anekAnta (jainavidyA evaM prAkRta bhASAoM kI traimAsika zodha patrikA) ANEKANT (A Quarterly Research Journal for Jainology & Prakrit Languages) sampAdaka DaoN. jayakumAra jaina, mujaphpharanagara (u.pra.) Jan.-March. 2015 ISSN 0974-8768 Editor Dr. Jaikumar Jain, Muzaffarnagar (U.P.) Mobile : 09760002389 1 vIra sevA mandira, naI dillI- 110 002 Vir Sewa Mandir, New Delhi - 110 002
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________________ anekAnta 68/1, janavarI-mArca, 2015 anekAnta ANEKANT (janavidyA evaM prAkRta bhASAoM kI traimAsika zodha patrikA) (AQuarterly Research Journal for Jainology & Prakrit Languages) saMsthApaka AcArya jugalakizora mukhtAra 'yugavIra' Founder Acharya Jugalkishor Mukhtar 'Yugveer" Editor sampAdaka maNDala prA. paM. nihAlacaMda jaina-bInA (nidezaka vIra sevA maMdira-naI dillI) pro. DaoN. rAjArAma jaina-noeDA pro. DaoN. vRSabhaprasAda jaina, lakhanaU prA. DaoN. zItalacanda jaina,jayapura pro. DaoN. zreyAMsakumAra jaina, bdd'aut| Pt. Nihal Chand Jain- Bina Director-Vir Sewa Mandir-New Delhi Prof. Dr. Raja Ram Jain- Noida Prof. Dr.Vrashabh Prasad Jain,Lucknow Pracharya Shital Chand Jain, Jaipur Prof. Dr. Shreyans Kr. Jain, Baraut Sh. Roop Chand Kataria, New Delhi Prof. M.L. Jain, New Delhi pro. ema.ela. jaina, naI dillI sadasyatA zulka/ Subscription eka aMka-rupaye 20/- vArSika - ru. 80/This issue - Rs. 20/- Yearly - Rs. 80/ Our Banker : Bank of India A/c No. 603210100007664, Ansari Road, Daryaganj, New Delhi (IFSC- BKID0006032) sabhI patrAcAra patrikA evaM sampAdakIya hetu patA - vIra sevA maMdira (jainadarzana zodha saMsthAna) 21, aMsArI ror3a, dariyAgaMja, naI dillI-110002 All correspondence for the journal & editorial on Vir Sewa Mandir (A Researc h Institution for Jainology) 21, Ansari Road, Daryaganj, New Delhi-110002 phona naM. 011-30120522, 23250522, 09311050522 e-mail-virsewa@gmail.com vidvAna lekhakoM ke vicAroM se sampAdaka maMDala kA sahamata honA Avazyaka nahIM hai| lekhoM meM diye gaye tathyoM aura sandarbho kI prAmANikatA ke saMbaMdha meM lekhaka svayaM uttaradAyI haiM sabhI prakAra ke vivAdoM kA nipaTArA dillI nyAyAlaya ke adhIna hogaa|
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________________ anekAnta 68/1, janavarI-mArca, 2015 AdhyAtmika rAmAyaNa virAjai rAmAyaNa ghaTa mAhiM, maramI hoya marama so jAne mUrakha mAnai nAhiM Atama rAma, jJAna guna lakSamana, sItA sumati sameta, zubha upayoga vAnara dala maMDita vara-viveka raNa khet| dhyAna dhanuSa TaMkAra zora suni gaI viSaya disi bhAga, bhaI bhasma mithyAmata laMkA uThI dhAraNA aag| jare ajJAna bhAva rAkSasa kula, lareM nikAMkSita sUra, jUjhe rAga-dveSa senApati saMse gar3ha cakanAcUra vilakhata kuMbhakaraNa bhavavibhrama pulakita mana darayAva, thakita udAra vIra mahirAvaNa, setu-baMdha sama bhaav| mUchita mandodarI durAzA, sajaga carana hnumaan| ghaTI caturgati paraNati senA chuTe chapaka guNa baan| nirakha sakati guNa cakrasudarzana, udaya vibhISaNa diin| phire 'kabaMdha' mahIrAvaNa kI prANa bhAva sira hiin| iha vidhi sakala sAdhu ghaTa aMtara hoya sahaja saMgrAma, yaha vivahAra dRSTi rAmAyaNa kevala nizcaya raam| virAjai rAmAyaNa ghaTa maahiN| - kavivara banArasIdAsa jaina
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________________ anekAnta 68/1, janavarI-mArca, 2015 viSayAnukramaNikA viSaya lekhaka kA nAma pRSTha saMkhyA 9-19 vizeSa saMpAdakIya ....... paM. nihAlacaMda jaina 5-8 1. AtmakhyAti TIkA meM prayukta kramaniyamita vizeSaNa kA anila agravAla abhipretArtha 2. AcArya haribhadra kA anekAMtavAda aura upayogitA atulakumAra prasAda siMha 20-28 3. jainadarzana meM vivecita vigrahagati kI anya darzanoM se tulanA prA. DaoN. zItalacaMda jaina 29-36 4. cAmuNDarAya : vyaktitva evaM DaoN. AnandakumAra jaina 37-45 kRtitva 5. AcArya devasena kI kRtiyoM meM dArzanika dRSTi DaoN. Aloka ku. jaina 46-54 6. jaina vAD.maya meM avadhijJAna ___pavana kumAra jaina 7. ahiMsA saMbaMdhI vyAvahArika samasyAe~, samAdhAna...... DaoN. vaMdanA mehatA 69-76 8. Social Implications of Dr. Samani Shashi 77-82 Meditation Prajna 9. dhArmika jIvana aura svAsthya AcArya rAjakumAra jaina 83-91 10. rUsa meM jaina pANDulipiyA~ lalita jaina 92-94 11. pustaka samIkSA 12. pAThakoM ke patra ....... 55-68
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________________ anekAnta 68/1, janavarI-mArca, 2015 paM.jugalakizora mukhtAra smRtidivasa22 disa.1962para vizeSa-saMpAdakIya vIra sevA mandira, paM. jugalakizora 'mukhtAra' aura maiM - paM. nihAlacaMda jaina, nidezaka-vIra sevA maMdira bacapana se hI maiMne apane pUjya pitA jI ko nahIM dekhA, parantu apane gA~va mar3AvarA meM unake dvArA saMjoyI gayI 'anekAnta' (prakAzaka-vIra sevA maMdira) kI phAiloM ko avazya dekhaa| posTa grejuezana karane ke bAda 1964 se 'anekAnta' kI phAiloM ko par3hakara maiMne lekhanakArya kA zrI gaNeza kiyA thaa| Aja 50 varSa bAda usI anekAnta ko sajA-sa~vAra rahA huuN| ___ anekAnta' kI isa jJAna-yAtrA kI eka lambI kahAnI hai| isake pravezAMka meM 'mukhtAra' sAhaba ne kucha dohe likhakara, antarmana kI kAmanA ko pragaTa kiyA thaa| - anekAnta ravi kiraNa se, tama ajJAna vinaash| miTai mithyAtva-kurIti saba, ho saddharma prkaash|| sUkha jAye durguNa sakala, poSaNa mile apaar| sadbhAvoM kA loka meM, ho vikasita sNsaar|| 'anekAnta' mukhtAra sAhaba ke prANoM kI saMjIvanI bnii| isakA prArambha 1929 se huA eka mAsika patrikA ke rUpa meM / Arthika kaThinAiyoM ke kAraNa ATha varSoM taka banda rahane ke pazcAt 1938 meM punaH prakAzita huI, parantu bIca bIca meM 2 evaM 5 varSa ke lie baMda huii| 1962 se 1975 taka dvimAsikI rahI tathA 1975 ke bAda zodha traimAsikI ke rUpa meM niyamita prakAzana ho rahA hai| vartamAna ke meM isake pradhAna saMpAdaka- DaoN. jayakumAra jaina, mujaphpharanagara adhyakSa a. bhA. vidvatpariSad haiN| digambara jaina samAja meM 'anekAnta' aisI akelI zodha-patrikA hai, jo lekhakoM ko unake zodhAlekhoM ke prakAzana para protsAhana svarUpa eka sammAnanIya rAzi bheMTa karatI hai, tAki isakI guNavattA meM kahIM koI kamI na Ane paave|
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________________ anekAnta 68/1, janavarI-mArca, 2015 ___ vIra sevA maMdira ke AjIvana sadasyoM ko evaM katipaya variSTha vidvAnoM ko yaha ni:zulka bhejI jAtI hai| parantu zodha-patrikA ko par3hane vAle prabuddha-pAThakoM kA hameM 'ToTA' dikha rahA hai| Aja jaina patrikAoM kI saMkhyA meM behatAzA vRddhi huI hai, lekina par3hane vAloM kI ruci usI anupAta meM ghaTa rahI hai| svAdhyAya ke prati yaha girAvaTa kyoM A rahI hai- isakI samIkSA aura isa para cintana kiyA jAnA caahie| vIra sevA maMdira meM merA padArpaNa : ___ lagabhaga 4 varSa ho rahe haiN| digambara jaina naitika zikSA samiti dariyAgaMja ke AmaMtraNa para maI 2011 meM, vIra sevA maMdira tIna divasa ke lie AyA thaa| usI samaya zrI subhASa jI (zakuna prakAzana), adhyakSa vIra sevA maMdira ne mujhe sunA aura Aphisa bulAkara zodha saMsthAna meM Ane kI merI maMzA jAnanI caahii| kameTI ne sarvasammati se nidezaka ke pada para mujhe bulAne kI svIkRti ke pazcAt julAI 2011 se maiMne apanI sevAyeM denA prAraMbha kara dii| _ 'maMdira' zabda ne hI mujhe isa zodha saMsthAna ke nAmakaraNa para- paNDita jugalakizora 'mukhtAra' sAhaba kI adbhuta soca aura jainAgama ke prati jIvana ke samarpaNa kA andAja laga gayA thaa| maMdira kI avadhAraNA kyA kevala vItarAgI dhyAnastha pratimA se jur3I hai yA koI anya prayojanabhUta uddezya bhI maMdira saMjJA ko caritArtha karatA hai| nizcita hI sAhityAnurAgI, zodhArtha vidvAnoM ke lie, jJAna-vijJAna kA yaha apratima-kendra, sAhitya-tIrtha kA maMdira hI hai aura isI soca se mukhtAra sAhaba ne apane nagara sarasAvA (u.pra.) meM isakI sthApanA (1936) karake use deza kI rAjadhAnI dillI le aaye| jJAna kI yaha gaMgA mukhtAra jI ke bhAgIrathI puruSArtha se pravahamAna hokara dillI A phuNcii| isa maMdira kA Adya-saMsthApaka pujArI banA, pANDitya kA dhanI, jaina purAtattva aura itihAsa kA marmajJa- manISI, kAlajayI dRSTi sampanna, AcArya samantabhadra ke sAhitya kA citerA- mukhtAra saahb| jinhoMne vIra sevA maMdira ko karmabhUmi banAkara grantha parIkSA jaise zodha pUrNa grantha aura AcArya samantabhadra ke ratnakaraNDazrAvakAcAra para bhAsvara-bhASya'samIcIna dharmazAstra' likhakara- sRjanadharmitA kA anupama udAharaNa prastuta karate hue jaina sAhitya-jagata meM jJAna kI lakSmaNa-rekhA khiiNcii| kyA isakI
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________________ anekAnta 68/1, janavarI-mArca, 2015 pavitratA aura gaurava eka maMdira se kama hai? maiM apane ko bhAgyazAlI mAnatA hU~ ki isa 'jJAna-maMdira' kA mAlI banakara jJAna kI isa amUlya virAsata ke pAsa baiThA huuN| zraddheya paNDita padmacaMda zAstrI ne aura inake pUrva paM. paramAnaMda zAstrI ne vIra sevA maMdira ke utkarSa ke lie apane jIvana kA utsarga kiyaa| ___ Aja vIra sevA maMdira meM jJAna kI ananya pratimAoM (granthoM) kI saMkhyA 8700, (jisameM hastalikhita 167 grantha zAmila haiM) tathA e-books ke rUpa meM 12000 kula lagabhaga ikkIsa hajAra graMthoM se yaha susajjita hai| isa virAsata ko saMrakSita rakhane kA uttaradAyitva vIra sevA maMdira kI kAryakAriNI sadasya, AjIvana sadasyagaNa samhAle hue haiN| jaina purAtattva meMprAcIna jaina maMdiroM, tIrthoM ke sAtha durlabha prAcIna graMtha bhI Ate haiM jinake saMrakSaNa kI pragAr3ha bhAvanA se mukhtAra sAhaba ne yaha jJAna-mahala khar3A kiyA jo jaina itihAsa, jyotiSa, Ayurveda, zvetAmbara jaina Agama grantha, vaidika, bauddha sAhitya ke sAtha hI digambara jaina graMthoM kA koSAlaya hai| yaha prabuddha pAThakoM kI pratIkSA meM 24x7 daravAje khole rahatA hai| mere sAtha isa jJAna-udyAna meM, eka yuvA vidvAna DaoN. Aloka jaina, aharniza isakI vyavasthA va samhAla meM lage rahate haiN| 'samayasAra' marmajJa zrI rUpacaMda kaTAriyA-saMyojaka zodha upasamiti vidvAnoM ke prati vAtsalyabhAva rakhane vAle, prAyaH vIra sevA maMdira Akara A. kundakunda sAhitya para carcAeM kara, hamAre jJAna ke gavAkSa kholate rahate haiN| ve kahate haiM ki ghaNToM paM. padmacaMda zAstrI jI ke pAsa baiThakara, jo Agama/ adhyAtma para vicAra-vimarza karate the vaha aba smRti zeSa hai| vIra sevA maMdira kI anya gatividhiyoM meM- mukhtAra sAhaba smRti vyAkhyAnamAlA kA Ayojana prativarSa disambara/janavarI mAha meM hotA hai jisameM deza ke variSTha aura adhikArI vidvAnoM ko AmaMtrita kara vyAkhyAna Ayojita kiye jAte haiN| sAhitya-vikraya kendra- vIra sevA maMdira saMsthAna dvArA lagabhaga 25 grantha prakAzita kiye gaye, jo vikraya ke lie hai| mA~gapatra Ane para 40 pratizata kamIzana para samUlya upalabdha karAye jAte haiN| vIra sevA maMdira- mere jIvana-anubhava kI eka sazakta-kar3I banI hai| isakA pratyeka kArya mere lie eka pUjA ke samAna hai| yaha sthAna mere lekhana
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________________ anekAnta 68/1, janavarI-mArca, 2015 kArya aura sAhityika gatividhiyoM ko sAtatya banAye rakhane meM eka cetanApuMja sAbita huA hai| vIra sevA maMdira ke sabhI padAdhikArI mahAnubhAva merI variSThatA ko pUrNa sammAna dete hue yuvakocita puruSArtha karate rahane kA sAhasa maMtra dete rahate haiN| isa bhavana ko viziSTa-puNya-puruSa-AtmAoM kA AzIrvAda prApta hai, jisase UrjasvI puNya-vargaNAeM yahA~ sadaiva vyApta rahatI haiN| AyeM ! vIra sevA maMdira - jisa uddezya aura jJAna-yajJa ke lie pratIkSita hai, usameM hama sabhI apanI sahabhAgitA dekara paM. jugalakizora 'mukhtAra' sAhaba kI isa bhAvanA ko mUrtavanta kareMgeM jo unhoMne 'merI bhAvanA' meM vyakta kI hai- "ghara ghara carcA rahe dharma kii| ****** lekhakoM ke lie nirdeza anekAnta meM prakAzanArtha zodhAlekha bhejate samaya nimnAMkita binduoM kA pAlana vidvAna lekhaka avazya karane kI kRpA kreNge| 1.zodhAlekha aprakAzita aura maulika ho, isa Azaya kA pramANapatra sva hastAkSara sahita preSita kiyA jaave| 2. anekAnta meM prakAzanArtha bhejA gayA zodhAlekha anya kisI patrikA meM taba taka na bhejeM jaba taka usakI asvIkRti kI sUcanA Apako na mila jaave| bhejI gayI racanA ke prakAzita hone meM 6 mAha se 1 varSa taka laga sakatA hai| 3. Alekha kA sArAMza, kucha paMktiyoM meM lekha ke prAraMbha meM avazya deveM tathA Alekha kampyUTara TAipa ho yA I-mela dvArA bheja sakate haiN| yadi hastalikhita ho to sulekha meM mUla kApI ho| AzA hai ukta vinduoM kA pAlana kara hameM sahayoga pradAna kreNge|| - saMpAdaka
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________________ anekAnta 68/1, janavarI-mArca, 2015 AtmakhyAti TIkA meM prayukta 'kramaniyamita' vizeSaNa kA abhipretArtha - anila agravAla samayasAra ke 'sarvavizuddhajJAna' adhikAra meM gAthA 308-311 kI TIkA meM AcArya amRtacandra ne pariNAmoM yA paryAyoM ke liye 'kramaniyamita' vizeSaNa kA prayoga kiyA hai| AtmakhyAti vyAkhyA kA vaha vAkya hai : jIvo hi tAvatkramaniyamitAtmapariNAmairutpAdyamAno jIva eva, nAjIvaH, evamajIvo'pi kramaniyamitAtmapariNAmairutpAdyamAno'jIva eva, na jIvaH, sarvadravyANAM svapariNAmaiH saha tAdAtmyAt kaMkaNAdipariNAmaiH kaaNcnvt| isakA zabdAnuvAda hai : prathama to, jIva hai so kramaniyamita apane pariNAmoM se utpanna hotA haA jIva hI hai, ajIva nahIM; isI prakAra, ajIva bhI kramaniyamita apane pariNAmoM se utpanna hotA haA ajIva hI hai, jIva nahIM; kyoMki sabhI dravyoM kA apane pariNAmoM ke sAtha tAdAtmya hotA hai, jaise ki svarNa kA kaMgana Adi apanI paryAyoM ke saath| ___ prazna yaha hai ki 'kramaniyamita pariNAma' se yahA~ kyA abhiprAya hai? AtmakhyAti ke jo anuvAda yA vyAkhyAeM dekhane meM AI haiM unameM isakA koI spaSTa evaM yuktiyukta artha nahIM milatA, yA phira ukta vizeSaNa ko hI naz2araaMdAz2a kara diyA gayA hai| udhara, pichale koI pacAsa varSoM se kucha-eka loga aisI mAnyatA banAe hue haiM ki isakA artha 'kramabaddha paryAya' hai2-3 jisa artha kI dravyAnuyoga meM pratipAdita vastusvarUpa ke sAtha koI saMgati baiThatI nahIM dikhAI detI; aura phira, aisA bhI pratIta hotA hai ki AcAryazrI ke kRtitva kI samagratA ke Aloka meM bhalI-bhA~ti jA~ce-parakhe binA hI, ukta mAnyatA ko antima rUpa se svIkAra kara liyA gayA hai| prakRta vizeSaNa ke sahI bhAvArtha taka pahu~canA, isaliye aura bhI mahattvapUrNa ho gayA hai| prastuta lekha AcArya amRtacandra ke abhipretArtha taka pahu~cane kA eka niSpakSa prayAsa hai|
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________________ anekAnta 68/1, janavarI-mArca, 2015 pariNAmoM yA paryAyoM kI kramikatA : __ tattvArthasUtrakAra ne guNaparyayavad dravyam (5/38) sUtra dvArA guNa aura paryAya vAlA dravya hotA hai, yaha pratipAdita kiyA hai| guNa aura paryAya meM antara batalAne ke liye Agama meM aneka sthaloM para guNoM ko sahapravRta/sahavartI/sahabhAvI aura paryAyoM ko kramapravRtta/kramavartI/kramabhAvI kahA gayA hai| tAtparya yaha hai ki kisI bhI dravya ke aneka guNa to usa dravya meM yugapat arthAt eka-sAtha rahate haiM, jabaki anekAneka paryAyeM kAla kI apekSA kramazaH yAnI eka-ke-bAda-eka hotI haiM (cU~ki vivakSita kSaNa meM dravya kI jo avasthA hai vahI to usakI tatkSaNavartI paryAya hai, isaliye dravya kI kisI bhI kSaNa eka hI paryAya honI sambhava hai)| yahI Azaya pravacanasAra, gAthA 10 kI tattvapradIpikA TIkA meM amRtacandrAcArya ne vyakta kiyA hai : vastu punarUtAsAmAnyalakSaNe dravye sahabhAvivizeSalakSaNeSu guNeSu kramabhAvivizeSalakSaNaSu paryAyeSu vyavasthitamutpAdavyayadhrauvyamayAstitvena nivartitanimaccarvanti arthAt vastu hai so UrdhvatAsAmAnyasvarUpa dravyasvabhAva meM, sahabhAvI vizeSasvarUpa guNoM meM tathA kramabhAvI vizeSasvarUpa paryAyoM meM rahane vAlI hai aura utpAdravyayadhrauvyamaya astitva se banI huI hai| ___ isa prakAra, 'paryAya' aura 'krama', ina donoM zabdoM ke bIca eka 'sAhacarya' sA calA AyA hai; isa sandarbha meM jisa bhAva ko 'krama' zabda sUcita karatA hai, vaha hai : kAlApekSa, uttrottrtaa| Age calakara hama dekheMge ki (sandarbha-vizeSa ke calate) ukta donoM zabdoM ke bIca isa 'sAhacarya' ke abhyasta-se ho jAne ke kAraNa hI hama bhUla kara baiThe haiM; jaba AcAryazrI ne eka anya sandarbha meM paryAyoM ke liye 'kramaniyamita' vizeSaNa kA prayoga kiyA, to (usa sandarbha kI viziSTitA para gaura na karate hue) apane abhyAsa/Adata ke vaza hI hamane usakA artha lagA liyA; aura apanI isa asAvadhAnI ke phalasvarUpa, una mahAna vidvAna ke zabdoM kA bhAva samajhane meM hama asamartha rhe| AcAryazrI ke prakRta vAkya kA sandarbha : sabase pahale hameM usa sandarbha ko bhalI-bhA~ti samajhanA hogA jisake antargata AcArya amRtacandra ne ukta vAkya likhA hai| samayasAra ke 'kartAkarma' adhikAra meM, AcArya kundakunda paramArthataH jIva ke para-kartRtva kA niSedha karane ke liye kahate haiM:
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________________ anekAnta 68/1, janavarI - mArca, 2015 jo jamhi guNe davve so aNNamhi duNa saMkamadi dvve| so aNNamasaMkaMto kaha taM pariNAmae davvaM // 103 // 11 artha : jo vastu jisa svakIya dravya meM aura jisa guNa meM vartatI hai, vaha anya dravya meM aura anya guNa meM saMkramaNa ko prApta nahIM hotI arthAt anyarUpa nahIM pltttii| vaha vastu jaba anya meM saMkramaNa nahIM karatI to anya dravya ko upAdAna-rUpa-se kaise pariNamA sakatI hai? (aura, isaliye, anya dravya kI kartA kaise ho sakatI hai; kyoMki yaH pariNamati sa kartA, yaH pariNAmo bhavet tu tatkarma:" isa niyama ke anusAra, nizcaya se kevala upAdAna hI kartA ho sakatA hai?) isa gAthA kI TIkA meM AcArya amRtacandra likhate haiM : "isa loka meM jo koI, jitanI vastueM haiM ve saba apane cetanasvarUpa athavA acetanasvarUpa dravya meM aura guNoM meM sahaja svabhAva se anAdi se hI varta rahI haiM; vastusthiti kI isa acalita sImA ko tor3anA, usakA ullaMghana karanA zakya hai| isaliye jo vastu jisa dravyarUpa aura jina guNoMrUpa anAdi se hai, vaha usI dravyarUpa aura unhIM guNoMrUpa sadA rahatI hai, dravya se dravyAntararUpa aura guNa se guNAntararUpa usakA saMkramaNa nahIM ho sktaa|" daraasala, pratyeka dravya meM pAe jAne vAle 'astitva' svabhAva kI hI yaha vizeSatA hai ki jo dravya jisa svabhAva ko prApta hai, vaha usase kabhI bhI cyuta nahIM hotA; AlApapaddhati ke racanAkAra AcArya devasena ke zabdoM meM : 'svbhaavlaabhaadcyuttvaadstisvbhaavH| yahI abhiprAya pravacanasAra, 'jJeyatatvaprajJApana adhikAra' meM gAthA 99 aura usakI tattvapradIpikA TIkA meM vyakta kiyA gayA hai : 'svabhAve nityamavatiSThamAnatvAtsaditi dravyam' arthAt svabhAva meM nitya avasthita hone se dravya 'sat' hai, astisvarUpa hai| yadi koI prazna kare ki vikArI pariNamana karane vAle dravyoM kI yAnI pudgaloM aura jIvoM kI dvi-aNuka Adi evaM manuSya Adi vaibhAvika paryAyoM ke utpanna hote hue bhI, kyA dravya se dravyAntaraNa nahIM hotA? jJeyatattvaprajJApanAdhikAra meM hI AcArya amRtacandra kA uttara milatA hai ki nahIM; dvayaNukAdi tathA manuSyAdi ve paryAyeM to kadAcitka (kabhI, kisI samaya hone vAlI) arthAt anitya haiM, ataH utpanna huA karatI haiM; kintu dravya to anAdi-anidhana yA trikAlasthAyI hone se utpanna nahIM ho sakatA, to phira dravyAntaraNa kaise ho sakatA hai? aura phira,
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________________ anekAnta 68/1, janavarI-mArca, 2015 paryAya se paryAyAntaraNa hote hue bhI, paryAyoM kA utpAda-vyaya hote hue bhI; ve paryAyeM dravyasvabhAva kA kabhI ullaMghana nahIM karatI : "yau ca kumbhapiNDayoH sargasaMhArau saiva mattikAyAH sthitiH, vyatirekANAmanvayAnatikramaNAt" arthAt jo kumbha kA sRjana/utpAda hai aura matpiNDa kA saMhAra/vyaya hai, vahI mattikA kI sthiti/dhrauvya hai, kyoMki vyatireka arthAt bhinna-bhinna rUpa paryAyeM kabhI anvaya 10 athavA dravyasAmAnya kA atikramaNa nahIM karatI (pravacanasAra, jJeyatattvaprajJApanAdhi kAra, gAthA 100, tattvapradIpikA ttiikaa)| Upara diye gae Agama-pramANoM se spaSTa siddha hotA hai ki : (ka) dravya se dravyAntaraNa, (kha) guNa se guNAntaraNa, tathA (ga) dravyapariNAmoM dvArA dravyasvabhAva kA atikramaNa, ina tInoM hI ghaTanAoM kI azakyatA/asaMbhavatA pratyeka dravya ke mUla svabhAva meM anAdi se hI nihita hai|prvcnsaar meM gAthA 95 dvArA AcArya kundakunda yahI abhiprAya vyakta karate haiM : "svabhAva ko chor3e binA, jo utpAda-vyaya-dhrauvyasaMyukta hai tathA guNayukta aura paryAyasahita hai, use dravya kahate haiN|11 prakRta kathana kA abhiprAya : aba vApisa Ate haiM mUla mudde para : samayasArake gAthAcatuSka 308-311 para AtmakhyAti TIkA kA prathama vAkya (dekhiye lekha kA pahalA pairaa)| yahA~ bhI uparicarcita gAthA 103 vAlA hI prakaraNa hai : jIva ke para-akartRtva kI smpusstti|12 isa sandarbha meM hI amRtacandrAcArya ne 'kramaniyamita' vizeSaNa kA prayoga kiyA hai| kahane kI AvazyakatA nahIM ki AcArya amRtacandra dvArA prayukta isa zabdasamAsa kA artha aisA honA cAhiye ki pahale to vaha prakRta sandarbha meM saMgatipUrNa aura yuktiyukta ho; aura phira, sampUrNa samayasAra meM (nahIM, sampUrNa jinAgama meM) pratipAdita viSayavastu ke sAtha bhI usakA avirodha siddha ho| pahale prakRta sandarbha ko hI dRSTi meM rakheM to jIva athavA ajIva kisI bhI dravya ke pariNAmoM yA paryAyoM kA vaha kramaniyamana aisA honA cAhiye ki paryAyoM dvArA usa niyama ke antargata rahate hue, jIvadravya jIvarUpa hI vartatA rahe aura ajIva/pudgaladravya ajIva/pudgalarUpa hI vartatA rahe; arthAt paryAyoM dvArA
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________________ 13 anekAnta 68/1, janavarI-mArca, 2015 usa niyama ke antargata rahate hue dravya se dravyAntaraNa asambhava ho to kyA honA cAhiye vaha artha jo ki sandarbha-saMgati kI isa kasauTI para kharA utare? pahalI naz2ara meM hI itanA to samajha meM AtA hai ki pariNAmoM ke liye prayukta isa vizeSaNa meM, saMjJAvAcI 'krama' zabda kAlakrama, kAla kI apekSA uttarottaratA yA eka-ke-bAda-ekapane ko sUcita nahIM karatA (hAlA~ki anuvAdakoM dvArA aisA samajha liyA gayA hai); kyoMki yadi hama pariNAmoM ke 'kramavartitva' athavA 'kramikatA' ko dRSTi meM lete haiM to usakI sandarbha se tanika bhI saMgati nahIM baitthtii| dUsarI ora, kucha dUsare logoM dvArA prastAvita 'kramabaddhatA' kI parikalpanA (hypothesis) para yadi vicAra karate haiM to usakI bhI koI saMgati nahIM bntii| kAraNa sIdhA-sA yaha hai ki paryAyoM kI 'kramikatA/kramavartitva' athavA kathita 'kramabaddhatA', donoM hI avadhAraNAoM (concepts) meM aisI koI vizeSatA nahIM hai ki jo prakRta sandarbha dvArA apekSita 'dravyAntaraNa kI asaMbhavatA' ko sunizcita kara sake (athavA yadi svayaM paryAyoM meM hI koI aisI vizeSatA hai to usa tathya ko samucita abhivyakti de ske)| saMskRtabhASA ke bhI prakANDa vidvAna, zrImad amRtacandrAcArya ne 'krama' zabda kA prayoga kisa artha meM kiyA hai| moniyar-viliyams ke anusAra 'kram' dhAtu kA pradhAna artha hai'3 : to step, walk, go, go towards, approach; tathA ApTe ke anusAra : calanA, padArpaNa karanA, jAnA; evaM 'krama' saMjJA kA pradhAna artha hai15, : a step, going, proceeding, kadama, paga, gti| aba, Upara diye gae Agama-pramANoM ke Aloka meM, 'kramaniyamana' kA sandarbhAnusArI artha isa prakAra samajha meM AtA hai : 'kramaniyamita paryAyoM' se tAtparya hai, aise niyamita yA niyantrita kadama rakhane vAlI paryAyeM ki dravyasvabhAva kI sImA kA ullaMghana na ho| jJAtavya hai ki dravyAnuyoga meM 'gati' hamezA se hI pariNamana kI pratIka rahI hai; jaisA ki paMcAstikAya meM svayaM AcArya kundakunda 'dravati gacchati tAn tAn. ..... paryAyAn'16 dvArA vyakta karate haiM; athavA jaise 'samaya' zabda kI vyutpattiparaka paribhASA meM kahA gayA hai : 'samyak trikAlAvacchinnatayA'yanti gacchanti prApnuvanti svaguNaparyAyAniti samayAH pdaarthaaH|17 aura dravya va paryAyoM kI isa kathaMcit bhedavivakSA vAlI, pratIkAtmaka bhASA meM cAhe dravya ko 'gamana karate hue una-una paryAyoM taka pahu~cane vAlA' kahA jAe yA cAhe paryAyoM ko 'dravyarUpI
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________________ 14 anekAnta 68/1, janavarI-mArca, 2015 prAMgaNa kI sImA ke bhItara gati karane vAlI' kahA jAe, isase koI pharka nahIM par3atA donoM rUpaka eka hI vastusvarUpa ko darzAte haiN| jIva hai vaha jIvasvabhAva ke kramaNa / ullaMghana ke viSaya meM niyantrita/pratibandhita, aise apane pariNAmoM se utpanna hotA huA jIva hI hai, ajIva/pudgala nhiiN| isI prakAra, ajIva / pudgala bhI ajIva / pudgalasvabhAva ke kramaNa/ullaMghana ke viSaya meM niyantrita/pratibandhita aise apane pariNAmoM se utpanna hotA huA ajIva / pudgala hI hai, jIva nahIM; (pariNAmoM ke dvArA dravyasvabhAva kA ullaMghana niyantrita kyoM hai, isa prazna ke uttarasvarUpa AcArya prakRta vAkya kA samApana isa prakAra karate haiM :) kyoMki sabhI dravyoM kA apane pariNAmoM ke sAtha tAdAtmya hotA hai, jaise ki svarNa kA kaMgana Adi apanI paryAyoM ke saath| 20-21 prastuta bhAvAnuvAda kA anya samaprAsaMgika kathanoM ke sAtha avirodha (ka)' AtmakhyAti' meM pUrvApara - avirodha : 'kramaniyamana' kA ukta bhAvArtha prakRta sandarbha ke sAtha to saMgata hai hI, sampUrNa samayasAra meM pratipAdita viSayavastu ke sAtha bhI pUrvApara - saMgati ko liye hue hai; yaha ekadama spaSTa ho jAtA hai jaba hama kartAkarmAdhikAra kI uparyukta gAthA 103 para punaH dhyAna dete haiN| hama dekhate haiM ki isa gAthA kA tathA sarvavizuddhajJAnAdhikAra ke gAthAcatuSka 308-311 kA sandarbha eka hI hai paramArthataH jIva ke para-kartRtva kA nissedh| AcArya amRtacandra ne donoM hI sthaloM para eka-hI Agama-sammata tarkaNAzailI ko apanAte hue vyAkhyA kI hai| jahA~, gAthA 103 kI TIkA meM ve kahate haiM ki dravya aura usake guNa anAdi se vartana karate hue vastu kI svAbhAvika, acalita sImAoM kA ullaMghana / atikramaNa nahIM kara sakate, dravya se dravyAntararUpa aura guNa se guNAntararUpa saMkramaNa honA azakya hai; vahIM gAthA 308-311 kI vyAkhyA meM ve kahate haiM ki vastu ke pariNAma anAdi se pratikSaNa badalate hue bhI paryAya se paryAyAntaraNa ghaTita hote hue bhI ve pariNAma vastu kI svAbhAvika, acalita sImAoM kA atikramaNa nahIM kara skte| dhyAna dene yogya hai ki 'atikramaNa', 'saMkramaNa' aura 'kramaniyamana', ina sabhI meM 'krama' zabda eka 'gati' kA hI sUcaka hai, 2 kAlApekSa uttarottaratA kA sUcaka nahIM; ataH prakRta meM 'kramaniyamana' kA bhAvAnuvAda hai : 'kramaniyantraNa athavA ullaMghana/atikramaNa kI azakyatA ' / yadi hama pUrvAgraha evaM pakSapAta se rahita 22
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________________ anekAnta 68/1, janavarI-mArca, 2015 dRSTikoNa se Upara kiye gae vizleSaNa ko hRdayaMgama kareM to niHsandeharUpa se samajha meM A jAegA ki jina logoM ne bhI 'kramaniyamita pariNAma' kA artha 'kramabaddha paryAya' karane kI koziza kI hai unhoMne 'sandarbha-saMgati' evaM 'pUrvApara-avirodha' - zAstroM kA samyag artha karane kI paddhati ke ina do sarvamAnya evaM aparivartya niyamoM kI avahelanA kI hai| (kha) tattvapradIpikA vRtti se avirodha : pravacanasAra, gAthA 100 kI tattvapradIpikA TIkA kA Upara uddhRta kiyA gayA vAkyAMza ('vyatirekANAm anvaya-anatikramaNAt') evaM samayasAra, gAthA 308-311 kI AtmakhyAti TIkA kA prakRta kathana ('paryAyoM kA kramaniyamana'), ina donoM kA eka hI abhiprAya hai| saMskRta kAvya evaM gadya, donoM hI prakAra kI racanAoM meM bhASA kI niSNAta praur3hatA ke liye prasiddha23, AcArya amRtacandra kI lekhanI se yadi eka hI vastu-tathya kI abhivyakti ke liye do bhinna racanAoM meM bhinna-bhinna zabdAvalI niHsRta huI hai to yaha bhASA donoM hI para una mahAna vidvAna ke sahaja adhikAra kA supariNAma hai; kisI bhI sajaga evaM sadAzaya pAThaka kA dAyitva hai ki vaha AcAryazrI kI una paMktiyoM meM sva-kalpita artha ko par3hane kA prayAsa karane ke bajAya, pUrvAgraha-rahita hokara usa bhAvArtha ko grahaNa kare jo ki na kevala sandarbha-saMgata ho apitu jinAgama meM usI viSaya kA pratipAdana anyatra bhI jahA~ kiyA gayA ho, vahA~ bhI usa bhAvArtha kI bhalIbhAMti saMgati baiThatI ho| (ga) anya ArSa AcAryoM kI kRtiyoM se avirodha : ___ apane pUrvavartI AcArya akalaMkadeva dvArA tattvArthavArtika meM dI gaI 'pariNAma' kI paribhASA kA bhI samyak bhAvAnusaraNa karate haiM : "dravyasya svajAtyaparityAgena vikAraH... prinnaamH| dravyasya cetanasyetarasya vA dravyArthikanayasya avivakSAto nyagbhUtAM svAM dravyajAtimajahataH paryAyArthikanayArpaNAt zadhAnyaM vibhratA kenacit paryAyeNa prAdurbhAvaH pUrvaparyAyanivRttipUrvako vikAraH pariNAma iti pratipattavyaH"23 arthAt dravya kA apanI svadravyatva jAti ko nahIM chor3ate hue jo parivartana hotA hai, use pariNAma kahate haiN| dravyatva jAti yadyapi dravya se bhinna nahIM hai, phira bhI dravyArthikanaya kI avivakSA aura paryAyArthikanaya kI pradhAnatA meM usakA pRthaka vyavahAra ho jAtA hai| tAtparya yaha hai ki apanI maulika jAti ko na chor3ate hue, pUrvaparyAya kI nivRttipUrvaka, jo uttaraparyAya kA utpanna honA hai, vahI pariNAma hai|
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________________ 6 anekAnta 68/1, janavarI-mArca, 2015 __isI prakAra, paMcAstikAya, gAthA 10 kI samayavyAkhyA meM AcArya amRtacandra likhate haiM : ekajAtyavirodhini kramabhuvAM bhAvAnAM santAne... arthAt eka jAti kI avirodhI yA jAtyantara kI virodhI, athavA dravyAntaraNa kI virodhI kramavartI paryAyoM kA pravAha, usmeN...| isa prakAra, hama dekhate haiM ki paMcAstikAya, pravacanasAra evaM samayasAra = ina paramAgamasvarUpa granthatraya para AcArya amRtacandra dvArA racita TIkAoM meM paraspara isa viSaya para na kevala pUrNa saMgati hai, balki unakI vyAkhyAeM mUlagranthakAra AcArya kundakunda evaM bhaTTa akalaMkadeva jaise prAmANika AcAryoM ke vacanoM ke bhI pUrNataH aviruddha haiM; jaisA ki svAbhAvika rUpa se, aise mahAn AcArya se apekSita hI hai| phira bhI, paryAyoM kI kathita kramabaddhatA kA samarthaka koI vyakti AcAryazrI ke kucha vacanoM kA binA kisI antarbAhya sAkSya ke yadi aisA artha karatA hai ki jisake dvArA unakI tInoM TIkA-kRtiyoM ke bIca hI artha kI visaMgati (inconsistency) kA prasaMga paidA ho jAe, to usa vyakti ke aise prayAsa ko maz2abUrana, na kevala aise mahAn AcArya kI, balki samasta jinavANI kI bhI, virAdhanA karane kA duSprayAsa hI samajhanA pdd'egaa| itane sAkSyoM ko dRSTigata karane ke bAda bhI, yadi kisI tattvajijJAsu ko aba bhI koI sandeha raha gayA ho, to use AcAryazrI kI svatantra racanA tattvArthasAra meM 'pariNAma', 'utpAda' va 'vyaya' kA nirUpaNa dekhanA caahiye| dravyasya syAtsamutpAdazcetanasyetarasya c| bhAvAntarapariprAptiH nijAM jaatimnujjhtH|| svajAteravirodhena dravyasya dvividhasya hi| vigamaH pUrvabhAvasya vyaya itybhidhiiyte|| artha : apanI jAti kA virodha na karate hue, vastu kA jo vikAra hai use pariNAma kahA hai| apanI (caitanya yA paudgalika Adi) jAti ko nahIM chor3ate hue, cetana va acetana dravya ko jo paryAyAntara kI prApti hotI hai, vaha utpAda kahalAtA hai| apanI jAti kA virodha na karate hue, cetana va acetana dravya kI pUrva paryAya kA jo nAza hai, vaha vyaya kahalAtA hai|5 yahA~ bhI AcAryazrI ne usa vizeSatA ('svajAti ko na chor3anA' yA 'svajAti kA virodha na karanA') ko utpAda-vyaya kI mUla avadhAraNA meM nihita
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________________ anekAnta 68/1, janavarI - mArca, 2015 mAnA hai; jisake hetu kucha logoM ko 'kramabaddhatA' kI kalpanA karane kA zramabhAra vyartha meM hI vahana karanA par3A hai! 17 upasaMhAra : anta meM, kisI bhI prakAra ke saMzaya yA sandeha ke nirasana hetu punarAvRtti doSoM ko bhI sahana karate hue, yaha doharAnA ucita hogA ki jinAgama ke anusAra (ka) dravya se dravyAntaraNa, (kha) guNa se guNAntaraNa, tathA (ga) dravyapariNAmoM dvArA dravyasvabhAva kA atikramaNa, ina tInoM hI ghaTanAoM kI azakyatA / asaMbhavatA pratyeka dravya ke mUla svabhAva meM anAdi se hI antarnihita hai / bhedavivakSA meM cAhe dravya / dravyasvabhAva, guNa aura paryAya ko kathaMcit bhinna-bhinna kahA jAtA ho, phira bhI vastu ke mUla svabhAva ko grahaNa karane vAle abhedanaya kI vivakSA meM tInoM eka rUpa se vastu kI acalita sImA athavA maryAdA kA ullaMghana yA atikramaNa karane meM asamartha haiN| yahA~ para, dravyasvabhAva ke antargata dhrauvya ko, evaM paryAyoM ke antargata utpAda-vyaya ko bhI zAmila kara lenA cAhiye, jaisA ki Upara diye gae vibhinna ArSa AcAryoM ke uddharaNoM se suspaSTa hai / jaba vastusvarUpa hI aisA hai ki dravya svayaM to dravyAntaraNa kI azakyatA sunizcita karane meM samartha hai hI, paryAyeM bhI usI sunizcitakAritA se sajjita hai| jisa sAmarthya ko spaSTa rUpa se rekhAMkita karane ke liye hI AcAryazrI ne prakRta vAkya ke anta meM 'sarvadravyANAM svapariNAmaiH saha tAdAtmyAt' kahanA z2arUrI samajhA hai| taba una 'samartha' pariNAmoM / paryAyoM ko usI kArya (dravyAntaraNa kI azakyatA) ke hetu 'kramabaddhatA' rUpI baisAkhiyoM kI z2arUrata bhalA kyoM par3ane lagI? sAfa z2Ahira hai ki kathita ' kramabaddhatA' cAhe jisa kisI vyakti kI bhI kalpanA kI upaja ho, vahA~ dravyAnuyoga ke mUla siddhAntoM ko AtmasAt karane meM koI cUka z2arUra huI hai| isa sandarbha meM AcArya kundakunda ke granthatraya ke abhyAsI-anubhavI mahAnubhAvoM kA eka kathana dhyAna meM AtA hai ki samayasAra ke adhyayana se pahale pravacanasAra kA gaMbhIra adhyayana kiyA jAnA Avazyaka hai / 'kramaniyamana kA artha kramabaddhatA hai', aisI kalpanA athavA parikalpanA ko peza kiye jAne se pahale, jJeyatattvaprajJApana adhikAra ke prArambha kI dasa-bAraha gAthAoM ke aura una para tattvapradIpikA TIkA ke bhAvArtha ko yadi samyakrUpeNa hRdayaMgama kiyA gayA hotA; aura unake Aloka meM 'AcArya amRtacandra kA abhiprAya kyA hai', yadi isa prazna
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________________ 18 anekAnta 68/1, janavarI-mArca, 2015 para ImAnadArIpUrvaka UhApoha kiyA gayA hotA to sambhavataH isa vivAda kA janma hI na hotaa| to bhI, nyAyocita hogA ki ukta kalpanA ke janaka ko niSpakSabhAva se dhanyavAda diyA jAe, kyoMki kisI mudde ke vivAdagrasta hone para hI vaha vicAraNA ke kendrabindu (focus) para AtA hai, aura bahudhA dekhA gayA hai ki mudde kA fokasa para AnA usakA hala khoje jAne meM eka nimitta ho jAtA hai| sandarbha-sUcI : 1. (ka) AtmakhyAti-samanvita samayAbhati~, DhU~DhArI hindI vacanikA : paMJca jayacanda chAbar3A (zrI musaddIlAla jaina cairiTebala TrasTa, dariyAgaMja, naI dillI, 1988), pR. 463-65 (kha) AtmakhyAti evaM tAtparyavRtti-samanvita samayasAra, paMJca jayacanda chAbar3A kI vacanikA ke khar3I bolI rUpAntara sahita saMzodhita saMskaraNa (ahiMsA mandira prakAzana, dariyAgaMja, naI dillI, 1959); pR. 396-98 (ga) samayasAra, pravacana- sahita; sampAdana : DaoN. pannAlAla sAhityAcArya (zrI gaNeza varNI di. jaina saMsthAna, vArANasI, tRtIya saM0, 2002), pR. 322-23 (gha) AtmakhyAti, tAtparyavRtti evaM svopajJa - tattvaprabodhinI TIkAtraya - samanvita samayasAra, TIkA-anuvAda-sampAdana : paM. motIcandra koThArI (zrI RSabhanAtha di0 jaina granthamAlA, phalaTaNa, 1969); khaNDa 4, pR. 1999-1203 2. (ka) AtmakhyAti - gujarAtI vyAkhyA kA hindI rUpAntara : paM0 parameSThIdAsa nyAyatIrtha, prakAzakaToDaramala smAraka, peja 493-95 (kha) kramabaddhaparyAya, DaoN0 hukamacanda bhArilla (ga) jainatattvamImAMsA, paM0 phUlacandra zAstrI (siddhAntAcArya paM0 phUlacandra zAstrI phAuMDezana, rur3akI, tRtIya saMskaraNa, 1996); pR0 258-59 3. sarvavidita hai ki samayasAra para 'AtmakhyAti', pravacanasAra para 'tattvapradIpikA', paMcAstikAya para 'samayavyAkhyA'= ye tIna TIkAgrantha tathA 'tattvArthasAra', 'puruSArthasiddhayupAya' aura 'laghutattvasphoTa' = ye tIna svatantra kRtiyAM; isa prakAra kula chaha racanAeM AcArya amRtacandra kI hai| 4. samayasAra, AtmakhyAti TIkA, kalaza saMkhyA 51 5. AlApapaddhati, sUtra 106; hindI anuvAda evaM TIkA : paM0 ratanacanda jaina mukhtAra (zrI zAntivIra di0 jaina saMsthAna, zrImahAvIrajI, 1970); pR0 149 6. yayattu dravyairArabhyate na taddravyAntaraM kAdAcitkatvAt sa paryAyaH / dvnnukaadivnmnussyaadivcc| dravyaM punaranavadhi trisamayAvasthAyi na tathA syAt / (pravacanasAra, jJeyatattvaprajJApanAdhikAra, gAthA 98, amRtacandrAcAryatta tattvapradIpikA TIkA) 7. hnana khalu dravyairdravyAntarANAmArambhaH sarvadravyANAM svbhaavsiddhtvaat| svabhAvasiddhatvaM tu tessaamnaadinidhntvaat| anAdinidhanaM hi na saadhnaantrmpeksste| arthAt dravyoM se dravyAntaroM kI utpatti vAstava meM nahIM hotI, kyoMki sabhI dravyoM ke svabhAvasiddhapanA hai (sabhI dravya, paradravya kI apekSA ke binA, apane svabhAva se hI siddha haiM); aura unakI svabhAvasiddhatA to unakI
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________________ anekAnta 68/1, janavarI-mArca, 2015 19 anAdinidhanatA se hai, kyoMki anAdinidhana padArtha anya sAdhana kI apekSA nahIM rkhtaa| (pravacanasAra, jJeyatattvaprajJApanAdhikAra, gAthA 98, amRtacandrAcAryattta tattvapradIpikA TIkA) 8. pravacanasAra, jJeyatattvaprajJApanAdhikAra, gAthA 100, amRtacandrAcAryattta tattvapradIpikA TIkA (zrI kundakunda kahAna digambara jaina tIrtha surakSA TrasTa, jayapura, paMcamAvRtti, 1985), dekhiye pR0 199 para phuTanoTa meM diyA gayA saMzodhita paatth| 9. (svajAtyaparityAgenAvasthitiranvayaH) arthAt apanI jAti ko na chor3ate hue usI rUpa se avasthita rahanA anvaya hai| (rAjavArtika, a. 5, sU0 2, vArtika 1) 10. sAmAnya, dravya, anvaya aura vastu, ye saba avizeSoM rUpa se ekArthavAcaka haiN| (dekhiye paMcAdhyAyI, adhyAya 1, zloka 143) 11. aprityktsvbhaavenotpaadvyydhruvtvsmbddhm| guNavacca saparyAyaM yattadravyamiti bruvnti|| (pravacanasAra, jJeyatattvaprajJApanAdhikAra, gAthA 95, saMskRta chAyA) 12. samayasAra para diye gae apane pravacanoM meM, zrI gaNezaprasAda jI varNI ne gAthA 103 evaM gAthAcatuSka 308-11 ke bIca viSayasAmya kA spaSTa rUpa se ullekha kiyA hai; dekhiye sandarbha (ga) 13. Sanskrit-English Dictionary, Williams (Motilal Banarsidass, Pg. 319. 14. saMskRta-hindI kAza, vA. zi0 ApTe (motIlAla banArasIdAsa,), pR0 309 15. vahI : Ref. 13. 16. sandarbha 14, pR. 310 17. paMcAstikAya, gAthA 9, 18. paramAdhyAtma-taraMgiNI : samayasAra-kalaza para zubhacandra bhannaraka kI TIkA; anuvAda : paM0 kamalakumAra zAstrI (vIrasevAmandira prakAzana, dillI, 1990), pR. 2 19. dekhiye : sandarbha 13 va 14 20. isI prakAra ke sandarbha meM, pravacanasAra, jJeyatattvaprajJApanAdhikAra, gAthA 99 kI tattvapradIpikA 21. AptamImAMsA meM svAmI samantabhadra kahate haiM : dravyaparyAyayoraikyaM tyorvytirektH| pariNAmaviThThA~cca shktimcchktibhaavtH||71|| saMjJAsaMkhyAvizeSAcca svlkssnnvishessaatH| prayojanAdibhedAcca tannAnAtvaM na srvthaa||72|| 22. kramaNa athavA ullaMghana, mUlataH gati kA hI eka prakAra hai| 23. AcArya amRtacandra kI svatantra racanA 'laghutattvasphoTa', anuvAdaka-sampAdaka : DaoN0 pannAlAla jaina sAhityAcArya zrI gaNezavarNI di0 jaina saMsthAna, vArANasI, 1981; sampAdakIya, pR0 7) 24. tattvArthasAra, tRtIyAdhikAra, zloka 6-7 25. sarvArthasiddhi meM AcArya pUjyapAda ke ye vacana bhI draSTavya haiM : (cetanasyAcetanasya vA dravyasya svAM jAtimajahata ubhayanimiDAvazAd bhAvAntarAvAptirutpAdanamutpAdaH mRtapiNDasya ghttpryaayvt| (5/30) sudarzana-nilaya, 13- bI.Ara blAka, dilazAda gArDana, jI. TI. roDa, dillI 110 095
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________________ anekAnta 68/1, janavarI-mArca, 2015 AcArya haribhadra kA anekAMtavAda aura upayogitA -atula kumAra prasAda siMha "anekAMtajayapatAkA' ke racanAkAra AcArya haribhadra kA pUrA jIvana vibhinna darzanoM ke adhyayana aura manana ko samarpita rahA / unakA jIvana darzana bhI bahuta hI ucca koTi kA rahA hai| AcArya haribhadra ne loka kalyANa kI bhAvanA se hI apane sAre sAhitya kA sRjana kiyaa| unameM yaha lAlasA nahIM thI ki unakI racanAoM ke mAdhyama se unakA nAma aura yaza ho| isIlie unakI racanAoM meM unake jIvana saMbaMdhI tathyoM kA ullekha nahIM milatA hai| isa kAraNa unake janma aura mRtyu ke samaya ko ThIka-ThIka batA pAnA hI kaThina hai| AcArya haribhadra ke saMbaMdha meM unake samakAlIna athavA paravartI jaina AcAryoM ne jo ullekha apanI kRtiyoM meM kiyA hai, unhIM ke AdhAra para AcArya ke samaya tathA mRtyu kA nirdhAraNa kiyA jA sakatA hai| __ jaina darzana kI paramparA meM AcArya haribhadra eka aise dArzanika ke rUpa meM jAne jAte haiM, jinameM samanvayavAdI dRSTi to thI hI, viSaya kI gaMbhIratA, tArkikatA aura saMpradAyoM se Upara rahane vAle AcArya kI chavi bhI thii| jisa kAlakhaMDa meM haribhadra paidA hue, usameM dArzanikoM ke bIca eka-dUsare ke matoM kA khaMDana karane aura apanI dhArA ko yena-kena-prakAreNa sahI sAbita karane kI hor3a lagI rahatI thii| aisI paristhiti meM vyaktigata ahaM ke TakarAva ke kAraNa agara kisI kA nukasAna ho rahA thA to vaha thA darzana aura dhrm| aise yuga meM haribhadra eka aise dArzanika ciMtaka ke rUpa meM hamAre sAmane Ae jo apane yuga kI anudAra aura saMkucita dRSTi se pUrNatayA mukta rhe| yaha unakI udAra evaM sahiSNu dRSTi kA hI pariNAma thA ki ve apane virodhI darzanoM meM nihita satya kA darzana kara sake aura jaina paraMparA kI anekAMta dRSTi ke AdhAra para usakA samanvaya kara ske| SaDdarzanasamuccaya aura zAstravArtAsamuccaya jaise unake dArzanika graMtha unakI udAratA aura taTastha dRSTi kA hI udghoSa karate haiN| haribhadra eka utkRSTa dArzanika hone ke sAtha hI dhArmika kSetra meM bhI mahAna krAMtidUta aura samAja sudhAraka the| apane
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________________ 21 anekAnta 68/1, janavarI-mArca, 2015 saMpradAya kI kamiyoM kA avalokana kara usakI nirbhIkatA ke sAtha samAlocanA karanA una jaise mahAna krAMtikArI ke lie hI saMbhava thaa| haribhadra ne apane saMpradAya ke sAtha hI anya saMpradAyoM ke avyAvahArika aura aMdhavizvAsI kathAoM kI jamakara AlocanA kI aura unakA upahAsa udd'aayaa| unake saMbodha prakaraNa aura dhUrtAkhyAna Adi graMtha vibhinna dhArmika kSetra meM vyApta isa taraha kI burAiyoM ke khilApha uThI AvAja hI hai| AcArya haribhadra pratibhA saMpanna, bahuAyAmI vyaktitva ke dhanI to the hI, ucca koTi ke sAhityakArI bhI the| unhoMne sAhitya kI sabhI vidhAoM yAni, dharma, darzana, AcAra, kAvya, vyaMgya, kathA Adi meM pracura mAtrA meM racanAeM kiiN| haribhadra apane yuga ke dharma saMpradAyoM meM upasthita aMtara aura bAhya ke dvaita ko ujAgara karate hue kahate haiM- loga dharma mArga kI bAteM karate haiM, kintu sabhI to usa dharma mArga se rahita haiN| mAtra bAharI kriyAkANDa dharma nahIM hai| dharma to vahAM hotA hai, jahAM paramAtma tatva kI gaveSaNA ho, dUsare zabdoM meM jahAM AtmAnubhUti ho, sva ko jAnane aura pAne kA prayAsa ho| jahA~ paramAtma tatva ko jAnane aura pAne kA prayAsa nahIM hai vaha dharma mArga nahIM hai| haribhadra kahate haiM- jisameM paramAtma tatva kI mArgaNA hai, paramAtmA kI khoja aura prApti hai, vahI dharma mArga hI mukhya mArga hai| Age ve punaH dharma ke marma ko spaSTa karate hue likhate haiM- jahA~ viSaya vAsanAoM kA tyAga ho, krodha, mAna, mAyA aura lobha rUpI kaSAyoM se nivRtti ho vahI to dharma mArga hai| jisa dharma mArga yA sAdhanA patha meM isakA abhAva hai vaha to nAma kA dharma hai| viSaya vAsanAoM aura kaSAyoM arthAt krodhAdi duSpravRtiyoM ke tyAga ke atirikta dharma kA anya koI rUpa ho hI nahIM sakatA hai| una sabhI logoM ko, jo dharma mArga kA AcaraNa karane se hogA, isakI samIkSA karate hue haribhadra yahAM taka kahate haiM ki dharma mArga kisI eka saMpradAya kI bapautI nahIM hai| jo bhI samabhAva kI sAdhanA karegA vaha mukta hogA, phira vaha cAhe zvetAmbara ho, digambara ho, bauddha ho yA anya koii| vastutaH usa yuga meM jaba sAMpradAyika durabhiniveza apane carama para the, yaha kahanA na kevala haribhadra kI udAratA yA sadAzayatA kA pratIka hai, apitu eka krAMtidarzI AcArya hone kA bhI pramANa hai| anekAMtavAda jaina darzana kI viziSTa aura mahatvapUrNa khoja hai| isIlie jaina darzana ko aneka dharmAtmaka yA anaikAMti kahA gayA hai| darzana ke kSetra
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________________ anekAnta 68/1, janavarI-mArca, 2015 meM vibhinna vicAroM ke bIca TakarAva aura matabhinnatA ko durAgrahapUrvaka asvIkAra na kara use anya pakSoM aura saMdoM kI apekSA se vicAra yogya sAmane yA usa pakSa kA svIkAra, jo tat-tat dArzanikoM ko to jJAta ho para dUsare ko nahIM, anekAMtavAda kA mukhya pahalU hai| anekAMta kI bhASika abhivyakti ke lie jaina dArzanikoM ne syAdvAda kI khoja kI ora usakI paddhati ke lie naya kii| anekAMtavAda kA kArya vibhinna darzanoM ke tatvoM meM se sApekSika satya ko khoja unake bIca ke virodha ko samApta karanA batAyA jAtA hai, hAlAMki aisA saMbhava to nahIM huaa| yadyapi isa kArya-vyApAra ke kAraNa hI anekAMtavAda ko siddhAnta kI apekSA vyAvahArika paddhati ke rUpa meM dekhA jAtA hai| eka dArzanika siddhAnta ke rUpa meM anekAMtavAda kI sthApanA cauthI zatAbdI meM siddhasena divAkara ne kI thii| apane sanmati tarka prakaraNa meM unhoMne anekAMta ko vyAkhyAyita karate hue isakI vyAvahArika mahattA ko ina zabdoM meM pratipAdita kiyA hai : jeNa viNA logassa vi vavahAro savvahA Na nnivvhi| tassa bhuvaNekka guruNo Namo annegNtvaayss| - sanmati-tarka-prakaraNa, 3/70 arthAt jisake binA loka vyavahAra kA nirvahaNa sarvathA saMbhava nahIM hai, usa saMsAra kA ekamAtra guru anekAMtavAda ko namaskAra hai| eka saMpUrNa aura mUrta siddhAMta ke taura para anekAntavAda ko jaina dArzanikoM ne cauthI zatAbdI aura usake bAda sthApita kiyA, lekina isakA bIja utanA hI prAcIna hai jitanA dArzanika saahity| bhAratIya sAhitya ke prAcInatama graMtha Rgveda ke nAsadIya sukta' meM parama tatva ke sat yA asat hone ke saMbandha meM na kevala jijJAsA hai balki aMta meM RSi kahatA hai ki usa parama sattA ko na to sat kahA jA sakatA hai aura ast| isa prakAra sattA kI bahudharmitA aura usameM paraspara virodhI guNoM kI upasthiti apekSA bheda se vedakAla meM bhI svIkRta ho cukI thii| Rgveda meM hI paraspara virodha mAnyatAoM meM nihita sApekSika satyatA ko svIkAra karate hue kahA gayA hai- ekaM sad viprA bahudhA vdNti| arthAt sat eka hai aura vidvAna use aneka dRSTi se vyAkhyApita karate haiN| upaniSadoM meM aneka sthaloM para paramasattA ke bahuAyAmI
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________________ anekAnta 68/1, janavarI-mArca, 2015 hone aura usameM paraspara virodhI kahe jAne vAle guNadharmoM kI upasthiti ke saMdarbha milate haiN| jaina dharma ke caubIsaveM tIrthakara bhagavAna mahAvIra ne kisI prazna kA uttara ekAntika dRSTi se nahIM diyA hai| AgamoM meM ullikhita arhat vacanoM meM hara prazna kA uttara apekSA bheda se diyA gayA hai| isIlie tIrthakaroM ko tripadI kA pravaktA kahA gayA hai| ve vastu tatva ko uppannei vA, vigameI vA, dhuveI vA- ina tIna padoM se paribhASita kiyA gayA hai| yAni, utpatti, vinAza aura dhrauvyatA pratyeka vastu kA dharma hai| eka hI vastu eka hI samaya meM utpanna bhI hotA rahatA hai, usameM se kucha vinAza bhI hotA rahatA hai| lekina kucha tatva aise bhI haiM jo dhruva bane rahate haiN| anekAntavAda na kevala jainadarzana meM svIkRta huA balki bhinna-bhinna nAmoM se bauddha va anya dArzanika saMpradAyoM meM bhI isakI upasthiti dekhI jA sakatI hai| jainoM kA vibhajjavAda aura bauddhoM kA zUnyavAda anekAMtavAda kA paryAyavAcI mAnA jA sakatA hai| buddha ne zAzvatavAda aura ucchedavAda kA niSedha kiyA jo vastutaH ekAntika dRSTi kA hI asvIkAra thaa| anya dArzanika paraMparAoM meM saMjaya velaTTiputra ke darzana ke AdhAra para hI kiyA hai| hAlAMki, saMjaya kA darzana niSedhAtmaka hai jabaki anekAMtavAda skaaraatmk| haribhadra kI dRSTi meM anekAMta - mahAna dArzanika AcArya samantabhadra svAmI ne anekAntavAda kI carcA kii| bAda meM jaina darzana meM anekAntavAda ko pUrNa siddhAMta ke taura para siddhasena divAkara ne apane sanmati tarka prakaraNa ke mAdhyama se sthApita kiyaa| bAda meM jaina paraMparA meM anekAnta kI svIkRti bahuta tejI se huI aura yaha jaina darzana kA mukhya tatva banakara ubhraa| lagabhaga chaThI zatAbdI meM AcArya haribhadra ne anekAntavAda, syAdvAda aura saptabhaMgI ko spaSTa karane ke lie anekAntajayapatAkA nAmaka graMtha kI racanA kI aura una para svayaM hI TIkAeM likhii| anekAMtajayapatAkA saMskRta meM racita 3500 zloka graMthAMka vAlA hai| graMtha ke zIrSaka se hI isa vAda kI mahattA kA aMdAjA ho jAtA hai| AcArya haribhadra ne pramANa kA viSaya batalAte hue likhA -
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________________ anekAnta 68/1, janavarI-mArca, 2015 anaMtadharmakaM vastu pramANaviSayastviha (SaDdarzanasamuccaya kArikA 55, pR. 312) anaMta yAni tInoM kAla meM rahane vAle aparimita sahabhAvI aura kramabhAvI dharmavAlI vastu anaMtadharmAtmakaM arthAt anekAntAtmaka mAnI jAtI hai| vastu cAhe cetana ho yA acetana ho- saba dravya aneka dharmaka yA anekAntAtmaka hai| vastu kI yA dravya kI anantadharmatA kA vivecana anya AcAryoM ke sadRza hai| ghaTa kA pudgala dravya kI dRSTi se vicAra kareM ghaTa sata hai, dharma adharma hai, AkAzAdi dravyoM kI dRSTi se asata hai| paudagalika ghaTa kA paudagalikatva svaparyAya huA tathA jina dharma, adharma AkAza aura ananta jIva dravyoM se ghaTa vyAvRtta hotA hai ve saba ananta hI parapadArtha para paryAya hai| ghaTa paudagalika hai, dharmAdi dravya rUpa nahIM hai| ghaTa pudgala hokara bhI pRthvI kA banA hai| jala Aga yA havA Adi se nahIM banA hai| ataH pArthitva ghaTa kI svaparyAya hai tathA jala Adi ananta paraparyAya hai, jinase ki ghaTa vyAvRtta rahatA hai| isa taraha ghaTa ko jisa-jisa paryAya se sata kaheMge, ve paryAyeM ghaTa kI svaparyAyeM haiM tathA jina anya padArthoM se vaha vyAvRtta hogA ve paraparyAyeM hoNgii| isa taraha dravya kI dRSTi se ghaTa kI jo paryAya batAI ve thor3I haiN| vyAvRtti rUpa paraparyAyeM to ananta haiM, kyoMki ananta dravyoM se ghaTa vyAvRtta hotA hai| isa prakAra jo sva aura paraparyAyoM kA vivecana kiyA hai, unameM jo svaparyAya hai, ve vastu kI dharma ho sakatI hai, parantu paraparyAyeM vibhinna vastuoM ke adhIna hai| ataH unheM prastuta vastu kA dharma kaise kaha sakate haiM? ghaTa kA apane svarUpa kI apekSA se astitva, usakA dharma ho sakatA hai| parantu paTAdi parapadArthoM kA nAstitva paTAdi para padArthoM ke adhIna hai| ataH use ghaTa kA dharma kaise kaha sakate haiN| jaba ve paraparyAyeM haiM to ve ghaTa kI kaise ho sakatI hai? isakA uttara isa prakAra haiM vastu se paryAyoM kA saMbandha do prakAra kA hotA hai- eka astitva rUpa se dUsarA nAstitva rUpa se| svaparyAyoM kA to astitva rUpa se sambandha hai tathA paraparyAyoM kA nAstitva rUpa se| jisa taraha rUpa, rasa Adi kA ghaTa meM astitva hai, ataH unakA astitva rUpa se saMbandha hai| usI taraha svaparyAyeM ghaTa meM pAI jAtI haiM, ataH unakA bhI astitva rUpa saMbandha hai| paraparyAyeM ghaTa
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________________ 25 anekAnta 68/1, janavarI-mArca, 2015 meM pAI nahIM jAtI, ataH unakA nAstitva rUpa se saMbandha hai| jisa prakAra ghaTAvasthA meM miTTI kA piMDa Adi paryAyeM pAI nahIM jAtI ataH unakA ghar3e ke sAtha nAstitva rUpa se saMbaMdha hai| isa kAraNa ve paraparyAyeM usa padArtha meM nahIM rhtii| asata haiM, isIlie to ve paraparyAyeM kahI jAtI haiN| paraparyAyeM ghaTa meM pAI hI nahIM jAtI to ve ghaTa kaise kahI jA sakatI haiM? daridra ke pAsa dhana nahIM ho to kyA kahIM bhI daridra saMbandhI dhana hai, aisA vyavahAra hotA hai? jo cIja jahA~ pAI nahIM jAtI, usakA usameM saMbandha jor3anA to spaSTa hI loka vyavahAra kA atikramaNa hai| haribhadra kA mAnanA hai ki saMsAra kI saba vastueM apane-apane pratiniyata nizcita svarUpa meM sthita hai| kisI kA svarUpa dUsare se milatA nahIM hai| vastuoM kI yaha pratiniyata svabhAvatA-asAdhAraNa svarUpa kA honaa| jina vastuoM se usakA svarUpa bhinna rahatA hai, una pratiyogI padArthoM ke abhAva ke binA nahIM bana sktii| ghaTa kA svarUpa paTa se bhinna hai, to jaba taka padAdi kA abhAva na hogA, taba taka ghaTa meM apanA asAdhAraNa ghaTa svarUpa bhI siddha nahIM ho sktaa| isalie jaba taka una pratiyogI para-padArthoM kA parijJAna hogA, taba taka hama ghaTAdi ko unase vyAvRtta rUpa meM paTAbhAvarUpa hai, yaha jAnanA bhI asaMbhava hai| ghaTa meM paTAbhAva kI pratIti hotI hai, ataH ghaTa ke jJAna ke lie pratiyogI paTAdi jJAna pahale honA caahie| isa dRSTi se bhI paryAyeM ghaTa bhI kahI jA sakatI hai SaDdarzanasamuccaya-pRSTha-341 / Upara kahI huI vastu anantadharmAtmakatA ko dRr3ha karate hue AcArya haribhadra kahate haiM - yenotpAdavyaya-dhrauvyayuktaM yat tatsadiSyate anantadharmakaM vastu tenoktaM maangocrH|| vahI kArikA 57, pR. 347 arthAt jo bhI vastu utpAda, vyaya aura dhrauvya- ina tInoM se yukta hogI, vahI sat kahI jaaegii| pratyeka vastu, utpAda, vyaya aura dhrauvya ina tInoM se yukta hai| jaina darzana kI mAnyatA hai ki pratyeka vastu meM kSaNa-kSaNa meM pariNAma hote rahate haiN| lekina usameM rahane vAle dravyatva kI sthiti dhrauvya hai| ataH pratyeka vastu trayAtmaka hai| vastu kA yaha svarUpa svayaM anekAMtatA ko
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________________ 26 anekAnta 68/1, janavarI-mArca, 2015 batalAtA hai| vastu ke isa pratikSaNa parivartanazIla svabhAva ke kAraNa anekAnta kI ciMtana prakriyA aaii| AcArya haribhadra ne isa abhiprAya ko dhyAna meM rakhakara hI ukta zloka khaa| isakA yaha abhiprAya hai ki jisa kAraNa utpAdAdi tIna dharmavAlI hI vastu paramArtha sata hai, isIlie sabhI vastueM ananta dharmavAlI haiM aura ve hI pramANa kI viSaya hotI hai| vastu ananta dharmavAlI hai, isIlie usameM utpAda-vyaya dhrauvyAtmakatA siddha hotI hai| isalie anumAna kA prayoga isameM se udbhAvita hotA hai ki vastu utpAda-vyaya-dhrauvyAtmaka hai| isalie ananta dharmAtmaka hai| jo ananta dharmAtmaka nahIM hai, vaha utpAda-vyaya-dhrauvyAtaka bhI nahIM hai, jaise aakaash-kusum| isa prakAra yaha vyatirekI anumAna hai| jisa prakAra ananta dharma eka vastu meM hote haiM, vaha Upara batA cuke haiN| dharma utpanna hote haiM aura naSTa hote haiN| dharmI dravya rUpa se sadA nitya banA rahatA hai| (SaDdarzanasamuccaya, pR. 353, tathA AptamImAMsA zloka 57) / yahA~ yaha bAta dhyAna rakhane kI hai ki utpAda, vyaya aura dhrauvya vastu se bhinna hai aura unake saMbaMdha se vastu meM satva AtA hai- aisI bAta nahIM hai| kintu utpAda-vyaya-dhrauvyAtmaka hI satva hai| ye tInoM vastu ke svarUpa hI hai| jaise pRthvI, parvata, vRkSa Adi saba vastu dravya svarUpa se na to naSTa hote haiM aura na hI utpanna hote haiM, kyoMki unameM dravya kA parisphuTa rUpa se nirbAdha anvaya dekhA jAtA hai| yaha nirbAdha siddhAnta hai ki kisI bhI asad dravya kI utpatti nahIM hotI aura na satva kA atyanta nAza hotA hai| rUpAntara avazya hotA rahatA hai| usameM rUpAntara hone kA artha hI yaha hai ki pUrva rUpa kA nAza aura uttara rUpa kI utptti| ataH paryAya rUpa se saba vastu utpanna hotI hai aura naSTa hotI hai| tathA dravya rUpa se usameM dhrauvya hai| (SaDdarzanasamuccaya pR. 347) jo padArtha vAle nahIM hai, asat haiM, unake svarUpa lAbha ho jAne ko utpAda kahate haiN| vidyamAna padArtha kI sattA kA naSTa ho jAnA- usakI sattA kA viyoga honA vinAza hai| ina utpAda aura vinAza ke hote hue bhI dravya rUpa se anvaya rahanA dhrauvya hai| isa taraha utpAdAdi ke asaMkIrNa lakSaNa sabhI anubhava meM Ate haiN| ye utpAdAdi lakSaNa bheda se bhinna hokara bhI paraspara sApekSa hai- eka dUsare kI apekSA rakhate haiN| ye paraspara nirapekSa hokara atyaMta
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________________ anekAnta 68/1, janavarI - mArca, 2015 27 bhinna nahIM hai| yadi ye paraspara nirapekSa tathA atyanta bhinna ho jAeMge to AkAza - kusuma kI taraha inakA abhAva ho jaaegaa| sthiti aura nAza se rahita kevala utpAda nahIM hotaa| isI taraha vinAza aura utpAda se rahita kevala sthiti bhI nahIM rahatI / isa prakAra paraspara sApekSa hI utpAdAdi vastu meM satva rUpa ho sakate haiN| AcArya haribhadra ne sUkSma rUpa se vicAra kiyA hai ki jaba ghaTa naSTa hotA hai taba vaha ekadeza se kucha naSTa hotA hai yA sarvadeza se pUrA kA pUrA / yadi ekadeza se naSTa hotA hai to saMpUrNa ghaTa kA nAza na hokara usake eka deza kA hI nAza honA caahie| parantu hama ghaTa ko saMpUrNa hI naSTa huA pAte haiN| isalie ghaTa kA ekadeza se nAza ucita nahIM hai| yadi dUsarA pakSa mAne, yAni ghaTa saMpUrNa sarvadeza se naSTa hotA hai to ghaTa ke nAza hone para kapAla aura miTTI nahIM milanI caahie| kyoMki ghaTa kA sarvAtmanA pUrNa rUpa se vinAza mAnanA ucita nahIM hai| ataH anya koI gati na rahane se balapUrvaka yaha mAnanA par3atA hai ki ghaTa paTa svarUpa se naSTa hotA hai, kapAla svarUpa se utpanna hotA hai aura miTTI ke rUpa se dhruva hai (vahI pR. 350 -51) / Adhunika saMdarbha meM anekAMtavAda kI prAsaMgikatA : yadyapi anekAMtavAda darzana zAstra ke tatva mImAMsA ke vizleSaNa se sambaddha hai aura isakA vikAsa tAtvika ciMtana meM vaimanasya aura vaiyaktika ahaM ko darakinAra kara sAmaMjasya tathA paraspara samanvayavAdI dRSTikoNa ko vikasita karane ke lie huaa| tathApi anekAMtavAda ke siddhAMta kA upayoga vyakti ke vAstavika jIvana ke lie bhI bahuta upayogI siddha ho sakatA hai, agara isakA upayoga sAvadhAnI aura viveka ke sAtha kiyA jaae| aise meM yaha siddhAMta manuSya ke vikAsa ko gati dene meM acUka iMjana ke rUpa meM khar3A milegaa| Aja mAnava sabhyatA jisa saMkaTa ke daura se gujara rahI hai usakA mukhya kAraNa vyakti kA vyakti se, dezoM kA dezoM se aura saMskRtiyoM kA anya saMskRti se ahaM aura TakarAva kI bhAvanA hai| isameM apane vicAra ko samagra mAnakara aura dUsare vicAroM ke prati ghora asahiSNutA kA bhAva rakhanA mukhya ho jAtA hai| ise hama jIvana ke sAmAnya kSetroM se lekara viziSTha saMsthAoM taka dekha sakate haiN| aisI paristhiti meM anekAMtika darzana kA upayoga isa saMkaTa kA hala khojane meM
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________________ anekAnta 68/1, janavarI - mArca, 2015 sabhyatA, saMskRti aura aMtataH vizva zAMti meM madada kara sakatA hai| lekina isake lie jarUrI hai ki rugNa khuda davA ke pAsa Ae yAni isa samAdhAna ko svIkAra karane ke lie hameM Age AnA hogaa| tamAma rAjanItika, sAMskRtika, sAmAjika, dhArmika aura vaizvika samasyAoM para vicAra karate samaya agara dUsare ke vicAra ko sahiSNutApUrvaka sunA jAe aura usake viSaya meM kevala apanI dhAraNAoM se nahIM balki anya pakSoM kI dhAraNAoM se bhI dekhA jAe to samasyA kA nirAkaraNa sugama ho jaaegaa| yahI mAnava samAja ko aura vizva ko Age le jAne kI dizA kA sUcaka bhI hogaa| anyathA apane siddhAMta para haTha ThAnakara aura dUsaroM ko anasunA karane se hara stara para aMtataH samAja kA hI nukasAna hai| 28 - 20e, samasapura jAgIra, pANDava nagara, dillI-92 Avazyaka sUcanA anekAnta kA "jainadharma evaM Ayurveda " vizeSAMka anekAnta ke niyamita vidvAna lekhakoM evaM viSaya ke adhikArI vidvAnoM ko sUcita kiyA jAtA hai ki anekAnta - aMka 86/4 (akTU. - disambara 2015 ) ukta vizeSAMka ke rUpa meM prakAzita hone jA rahA hai| astu viSaya ke adhikArI vidvAnoM se anurodha hai ki tatsaMbaMdhI viSaya kA maulika evaM aprakAzita zodhAlekha - saMpAdaka, vIra sevA maMdira, 21 dariyAgaMja, naI dillI-2 ke pate se zIghra bhejane kI kRpA kreN| Alekha bhejane kI aMtima tithi jUna 2015 hai / aMtima tithi ke bAda prApta lekhoM para vicAra karanA saMbhava nahIM ho skegaa| AdezAnusAra jaina sampAdaka- DaoN. jayakumAra
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________________ anekAnta 68/1, janavarI-mArca, 2015 jainadarzana meM vivecita vigrahagati kI anya darzanoM se tulanA - prA. DaoN0 zItala canda jaina bhAratIya darzana meM jainadarzana kA mahattvapUrNa sthAna mAnA jAtA hai| isakA mukhya kAraNa jaina dArzanikoM kA ciMtana yuktipUrNa to hai hI aura pUrvapakSa ko pramANoM ke sAtha prastuta karanA bhI hai| aise mahAn dArzanika ciMtakoM meM tArkika cUDAmaNi AcArya vidyAnaMda ne apane prakhara pANDitya se vaizeSika Adi vaidika darzanoM kA sUkSmAtisUkSma toM se anekAneka siddhAntoM kA nirasana kiyaa| una siddhAMtoM meM AcArya umAsvAmI dvArA viracita tattvArthasUtra ke dvitIya adhyAya ke 25veMsUtra vigrahagatau karmayogaH ko apane tattvArthazlokavArtikAlaMkAra meM vistAra se vyAkhyAyita kiyA hai ki saMsArI jIva ke mara jAne para yAnI bhujyamAna Ayu ke samApta hone para tathA pUrva janma sambandhI zarIra ke naSTa hone para aura dravyamAna kA bhI vinAza ho cukane para AtmA asahAya ho jAtI hai, taba agale bhava meM jIva kA jahA~ janma honA hai, usa yogya kSetra meM jIva kaise pravRtti karegA? isa prazna kA samAdhAna bhAratIya dArzanikoM ne apane-apane mata se diyA hai, parantu AcArya vidyAnaMda ne una matoM kA nirasana bhI kiyA hai| sarvaprathama vigrahagatau karmayogaH isa sUtra ke pratyeka pada ko spaSTa karate hue likhA hai ki vigraho dehaH gatigamanakriyA vigrahAya gatiH vigrhgtiH| yadyapi vigraha zabda ke aneka artha haiM, parantu yahA~ para vigraha zabda kA artha 'zarIra' abhipreta hai| arthAt vigraha yAnI zarIra ke liye jo gati yAnI gamana hotA hai, vaha vigrahagati hai| tathA karma kA artha AtmA meM pravAharUpa se upacita ho rahA kArmaNa zarIra hai| karmasvarUpa hI jo yoga hai, vaha karmayoga hai| arthAt kArmANa zarIra kA avalambana lekara AtmapradezoM meM kampanasvarUpa kriyA karmayoga kahalAtA hai| pUrva upAtta zarIra ko chor3akara uttara zarIra ke pratigamana ke samaya aMtarAla meM jo gati, gamana kriyA hotI hai, usameM karmayoga hotA hai| ataH isako isa prakAra kaha sakate haiM ki pUrva zarIra ko chor3akara uttara zarIra ke abhimukha ho, jAte hue jIva ke aMtarAla meM karmAdAna yAnI karmagrahaNa
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________________ 30 anekAnta 68/1, janavarI-mArca, 2015 karane kI siddhi hotI hai, arthAt vigrahagati meM bhI karma Ate rahate haiN| __ AcArya vidyAnanda mahArAja ne jo ukta sUtra kI vyAkhyA likhI hai, vaha pUrvavartI AcArya pUjyapAda, akalaMka svAmI evaM vIrasena AcArya ke anusAra hI likhI hai, parantu karmAdAna kI yuktipUrvaka siddhi AcArya vidyAnaMda ne hI kI hai| likhate haiM - gatau tu vigrahArthAyAM karmayogo mto'nythaa| tena sambandhavaidhuryAd vyomvnnirvRtaatmvt|| gamana ke samaya vigrahagati kArmANa kAyayoga hotA hai anyathA vigrahagati meM karmoM ke sambandha se rahita ho jAne se AkAza ke samAna jIva sarvathA karmazUnya ho jAyegA arthAt muktAtmA ke samAna karmalepa se rahita ho jaayegaa| aisI dazA meM maraNa ke anantara mukti ho jaayegii| AcArya vidyAnaMda svAmI ne ukta kArikA meM pratijJA, hetu aura udAharaNa ke dvArA yaha batalAyA hai ki jo prativAdI zarIra ke nimitta ho rahI jIva kI gati meM karmayoga ko kAraNa nahIM mAnatA hai, unake yahA~ AkAza ke samAna dRSTAnta dekara atyantAbhAva aura muktAtmA ke samAna dRSTAnta dvArA karmoM ke sadbhAvapUrvaka riktatA ko siddha karatA hai| aura sAtha meM viparyaya ho jAne kA prasaMga AyegA arthAt vaha muktAtmA punaH karmoM se lipta ho jaayegii| vaizeSika darzana ke anusAra AtmA vyApaka hai| ataH uttarabhAva ke janmasthAnoM meM pahale se hI ThaharA huA hai| etadartha uttara zarIra ko grahaNa karane ke lie gamana kI koI AvazyakatA nahIM hai| pahale ke yoga aura karmabaMdha saba vaise ke vaise hI bane raha sakate haiN| phira hamAre Upara AkAza yA muktAtmA ke samAna karmarahitapane kA prasaMga yA viparyaya ho jAne kA doSa nahIM aayegaa| AcArya vidyAnaMda svAmI AtmA ke vyApakapane kA niSedha aura usakA gatipanA siddha karane ke lie do hetuoM kA prayoga karate hue kahate haiM ki kriyA ke hetu, guNayukta hone se AtmA ke gatipanA hai arthAt AtmA vyApaka nahIM hai, apitu kriyAvAlA hai| jaise ki pheMke jA rahe Dhele meM kriyA kA hetu prayatna yA jIva vipAkI gatikarma ke udaya se hone vAlA gatibhAva
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________________ 31 anekAnta 68/1, janavarI-mArca, 2015 nAmaka guNa (paryAya) vidyamAna hai, kyoMki zarIra meM usake dvArA kI gaI kriyA dekhI jAtI hai| isako isa prakAra spaSTa kara sakate haiM ki jisa samaya devadatta hAtha ko U~cA uThA rahA yA calA rahA hai, usa AtmA meM kriyA kA utpAdaka prayatna guNa avazya hai anyathA zarIra ke avayavoM meM uThAnA yA pA~voM kA calAnA Adi kriyAe~ nahIM dekhI jA sakatI thii| ataH saMpUrNa zarIra meM otaprota AtmA hI uThatI, calatI, phiratI hai| isa prakAra do hetuoM se AtmA meM gati siddha hotI hai| vaizeSika dArzanikoM kA mAnanA hai ki AtmA ke deza se dezAntara honA rUpa gati nahIM hai, kyoMki jagat ke sabhI sthAnoM meM prApta hotI hai| jaise vibhu aakaash| isakA nirasana karate hue AcArya vidyAnanda ne uttara diyA hai ki sarvagatva hetu asiddha hai| pakSa meM nahIM rahane se kyoMki AtmA svadeha pramANa hai jisakA svasaMvedana pratyakSa sabhI jIvoM ko sva-sva zarIra meM ho rahA hai arthAt kisI bhI jIva ko apanI AtmA kA saMvedana bAhara nahIM hotaa| ataH AtmA aNuparimANa yA mahAparimANa vAlA nahIM hai| yadi aisA mAnA jAyegA to vyavahAra sAMkarya ho jaayegaa| nyAya-vaizeSika darzana meM AtmA vyApaka mAnya hai| AtmA ko vyApaka siddha karane ke samarthana meM aneka hetu diye gaye haiM, jo dRSTavya haiM-12 __ AtmA vyApaka hai kyoMki pRthvI, jala, teja, vAyu aura mana ina pA~ca mUrtoM se bhinna hone se, devadatta ke saikar3oM, hajAroM kosa dUra bana rahe vastra alaMkAra devadatta kI AtmA ke guNoM dvArA saMpAdita kiye jAte haiM kyoMki usake upakAraka hone se, AtmA sarvatra jAne jA rahe guNoM ke AdhAra hone se, AtmA hama sabhI ke jAnane yogya guNoM kA adhiSThAna hone se, AtmA dravya hote hue amUrta hone se, AtmA mana se bhinna hotA huA sparzarahita dravya hone se| ina chaha hetuoM ke dvArA AtmA ko vyApaka siddha karane kA prayAsa kiyA gayA, parantu AcArya vidyAnanda svAmI ne vistAra se nirasana karate hue kahA ki ukta sabhI hetu pratyakSabAdhita haiM, jaise ki mizrI kA mIThApana pratyakSa pramANa dvArA gRhIta ho rahA hai, aisI dazA meM do cAra to kyA sahasroM hetu bhI mizrI ko kar3avI siddha karane meM samartha nahIM hai| usI prakAra zarIra meM hI AtmA
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________________ 32 anekAnta 68/1, janavarI-mArca, 2015 kA svasaMvedana ho rahA hai| ataH AtmA ke vyApakatva ko sAdhane vAle sabhI hetu akiMcitkara haiN| isI prakAra vaizeSikoM ko dvArA prayukta kiyA gayA nityatva, amUrtatva aura vibhutva hetu IzvarajJAna ke dvArA vyabhicArI siddha hotA hai, 3 kyoMki IzvarajJAna ke amUrtatva aura nityatva hote hue bhI vyApaka nahIM hai| IzvarajJAna ko anitya kaheMge to, grahItagrAhI hone se dhArAvAhika jJAna ke samAna IzvarajJAna prAmANika nahIM ho sakatA hai| yadi gRhIta grAhI aura anitya hone para bhI IzvarajJAna meM apramANatA nahIM svIkAroge to smRti, pratyabhijJAna ko bhI vaizeSikoM ko svIkAra karanA par3egA, so unako iSTa nahIM hai| uparyukta sUkSmAtisUkSma tarkoM se yaha siddha huA ki nyAya-vaizeSika darzana meM AtmA meM gati kriyA siddha honA saMbhava nahIM hai| ataH jainadarzana meM pUrvAcAryoM ne jaisA svIkAra kiyA hai, vaisA hI AcArya vidyAnaMda svAmI ne tattvArthazlokavArtikAlaMkAra meM "vigrahagatau karmayogaH" ko vyAkhyApita kara paJcAvayavoM kA prayoga kara nimna prakAra se AtmA meM gati siddha kI hai / 94 kahate haiM ki 'AtmA meM (pakSa) kriyA ke hetubhUta guNoM kA sambandha ho rahA hai| (sAdhya) zarIra meM una guNoM se kI gayI kriyA pratyakSa jJAna hone se (hetu) jahA~ jisake dvArA kI gaI kriyA kA upalabdha ho rahA hai, vahA~ kriyA ke hetubhUta gaNa kA sambandha hai / (anvayadRSTAMta) jaise ki vRkSasvarUpa vanaspati meM vAyu dvArA kI gayI kriyA kA upalambha hone se vAyu meM kriyAhetu vega yA IraNa (dhakkA denA) vidyamAna hai / usI prakAra kAyA meM AtmA dvArA kI gayI kriyA kA upalambha ho rahA hai / (upanaya) ataH isa kAraNa se zarIrI AtmA meM kriyA ke hetubhUta guNoM kA saMbandha hai (nigamana) isa prakAra kriyA ke sampAdaka guNoM kA sambandha ho rahA hone se AtmA meM gatikriyA siddha hotI hai| isa prakAra pariNamanazIla saMsArI jIva ke anya zarIra kI prApti ke lie jo gati kI jAtI hai, vaha vigrahagati hai| AcArya vidyAnanda svAmI dvArA nyAya-vaizeSika mata kA vistAra se khaNDana kara bauddhadarzana, sAMkhyayogadarzana kA bhI saMkSepa meM khaNDana kiyA hai|
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________________ anekAnta 68/1, janavarI-mArca, 2015 bauddhadarzana kA khaNDana karane meM mAtra do kArikAoM kA ullekha kiyA hai, jisameM kahA hai ki- 15 kSaNikaM niSkriyaM cittaM svshriirprdeshtH| bhinnaM cittAtaraM naiva prArabheta svigrhm|| sarvakAraNazUnye hi dehe kAryasya jnmni| kAle vA na kvacijjJAtumasya janmana siddhyti|| pUrva kSaNa meM utpanna hokara dUsare kSaNa meM samUla naSTa ho jAne vAlA niSkriya kSaNika citta (AtmA) svazarIra pradeza se bhinna zarIra sahita dUsare citta (AtmA) ko utpanna nahIM kara sktaa| bauddha Atmadravya ko kSaNika, niSkriya aNuvijJAna svarUpa mAnate haiN| pahale samaya kA citta sarvathA naSTa ho jAtA hai| dUsare samaya meM sarvathA navIna citta upajatA hai| unake yahA~ kI yaha dazA bAlaka, yuvA, vRddhAvasthAoM meM bhI ghaTanA kaThina hai, kSaNika citta (AtmA) janmAntara meM jAkara upaja jAya, yaha to asambhava hI hai| bauddha to bANa kA bhI dezAntara meM pahu~ca jAnA nahIM mAnate haiN| pUrva pradezoM para sthita ho rahA bANasvarUpa avayavoM kI rAzi sarvathA naSTa ho jAtI hai| agale pradezoM para dUsare samaya meM anya hI bANa upajatA hai| yahI utpAda vinAza kA krama lakSyadeza kI prApti taka banA rahatA hai| vahI kA vahI bANa lakSya taka paha~ca pAtA hai| bauddhoM ko asat ke utpAda aura sata ke vinAza jAne kA Dara nahIM hai| ghUmate hue cAka meM bhI ve kriyA na mAnakara pratyeka pradeza para navIna-navIna cAka kA utpAda-vinAza svIkAra karate haiN| aisA siddhAnta mAnane para niSkriya citta bhalA janmAntara meM jAkara dUsare citta ko nahIM utpanna karA sakatA hai| ataH bauddhoM ke yahA~ vigrahagati sambhava nahIM hai| isI prakAra sAMkhya darzana jo kUTastha nityavAdI haiN| usake siddhAnta meM bhI vigrahagati saMbhava nahIM hai, kyoMki sarvathA kUTastha nitya AtmA bhI pUrva zarIra ko chor3a nahIM sakatA aura uttama zarIra ko grahaNa nahIM kara sakatA kyoMki pUrva zarIra ko chor3akara uttara zarIra ko grahaNa karane para AtmA ke anityatva kA prasaMga aayegaa| AcArya vidyAnanda svAmI ne do kArikAoM meM kUTastha nityavAdI kA khaNDana kiyA hai, jo isa prakAra dRSTavya hai16
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________________ 34 anekAnta 68/1, janavarI-mArca, 2015 kUTasthopi pumAnnaiva jahAti praacyvigrhm| na gRhnnaatyuttrkaaymnitytvprsNgtH|| parityAgI yathA kAlaM gtimaanaahrtytH| svopAttakarmasRSTeSTadezAdIn pudglaantrm|| vigrahagati ko vyAkhyAyita karane meM AcArya vidyAnanda svAmI ne pramukha rUpa se naiyAyika-vaizeSika, sAMkhya, bauddha dArzanikoM kA khaNDana kiyA hai| parantu vigraha gati ke sambandha meM ukta dArzanikoM ke atirikta jaba vicAra karate haiM, to jJAta hotA hai ki cArvAka darzana to maraNoparAnta AtmA kA astittva hI nahIM mAnatA aura mImAMsA evaM vedAntadarzana meM mImAMsAdarzana to brahma ke atirikta anya AtmAoM kA svatantra astitva svIkAra hI nahIM karatA hai| isalie vigrahagati kA koI prazna hI nahIM aura vedAntadarzana meM advaitavAdiyoM ke bhI AtmA pRthaka nahIM aura dvaitavAdI kahate haiM ki ajJo janturanIzo'yamAtmanaH sukhduHkhyoH| Izvaraprerito gacchet svarga vA zvabhrameva vaa|| mahAbhArata/ vanaparva/30/28 arthAt yaha yajJa aura zaktihIna prANI apane sukha-duHkha ke anusAra Izvara prerita hokara svarga athavA naraka ko jAtA hai| isa prakAra dvaitavAdiyoM ke bhI vigrahagati kI vyavasthA Izvara aura yamarAja evaM yamadUta ke adhIna haiN| ataH spaSTa hai ki AcArya vidyAnanda svAmI ne tattvArthazlokavArtikAlaMkAra meM unhIM dArzanikoM se vicAra-vimarza karanA cAhA jo AtmA ke pRthak astitva svIkAra karate haiN| kyoMki jo AtmA kA pRthaka astitva svIkAra nahIM karate haiM, unake mata meM vigrahagati sambhava nahIM hai| ataH AcArya vidyAnanda mahArAja ne pUrvAcAryoM dvArA pratipAdita vigrahagatau karmayogaH isa sUtra ke anusAra hI apane mantavya ko aneka tarkoM ke mAdhyama se spaSTa kiyA hai, jo uttaravartI AcAryoM ke lie anukaraNIya rhaa| jainadarzana meM vigrahagati to svIkAra kI hai, usake Age bhI vicAra kiyA hai ki vaha vigrahagati kitane prakAra kI hai| usa viSaya meM AcArya uttara dete haiM ki vaha vigrahagati cAra prakAra kI hai - iSugati, pANimuktA, lAMgalikA aura gomuutrikaa| iSugati vigraharahita aura zeSa vigrahasahita hotI hai| dhanuSa se
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________________ anekAnta 68/1, janavarI-mArca, 2015 chUTe hue bANa ke samAna moDarahita gati ko iSugati kahate haiN| isa gati meM eka samaya lagatA hai| jaise hAtha se tirache pheMke gaye dravya kI eka mor3e vAlI gati hotI hai, usI prakAra saMsArI jIvoM ke eka mor3e vAlI gati ko pANimuktA gati kahate haiN| yaha gati do samaya vAlI hotI hai| jaise hala meM do mor3e hote hai, usI prakAra do mor3e vAlI gati ko lAMgalikA gati kahate haiN| yaha gati tIna samaya vAlI hotI hai| jaise gAya kA calate samaya mUtra kA karanA aneka mor3oM vAlA hotA hai, usI prakAra tIna mor3oM vAlI gati ko gomUtrikA gati kahate haiN| yaha gati cAra samaya vAlI hotI hai| yahA~ taka sazarIrI AtmA ke gamana para vicAra kiyA jo vigraha gati kahalAtI hai| yahA~ yaha bhI vicAraNIya hai ki mukta jIva aura saMsArI jIva kA gamana kaise hotA hai ? isa sambandha meM AcArya umAsvAmI mahArAja ne kramazaH do sUtra diye haiM, jisameM avigrahA jIvasya isa sUtra se samAdhAna diyA gayA hai ki mukta jIva kA gamana binA mor3a liye hI hotA hai| kyoMki gati kI vakratA ke prati hone vAle nimitta kAraNoM kA abhAva hone se aura dUsarI yukti dI gayI ki mukta jIva ke UrdhvAgamana kA svabhAva hai| dUsarA sUtra diyA gayA hai ki vigrahavatI ca saMsAriNaH prAk caturthyaH arthAt saMsArI jIva ke cAra samaya vAlI yAnI mor3a vAlI bhI gati hotI hai, jo pUrva meM batA diyA gayA hai| eka samayA vigrahA' isa sUtra ke anasAra binA mor3a vAlI Rjugati eka samaya vAlI hotI hai| prazna hotA hai ki eka samaya vAlI avigraha gati kisa kI hotI hai| uttara diyA gayA ki mukta aura saMsArI honeM kI hotI hai parantu yaha dhyAtavya hai ki 'ekaM dvau trInvAnAhArakaH' arthAt vigrahagati meM yaha jIva eka, do, tIna samaya taka anAhAraka rahatA hai parantu iSugati vAlA saMsArI jIva eka samaya pUrva hI ahAraka ho jAtA hai| isa prakAra chaha sUtroM ke mAdhyama se vigrahagati kA vistAra se vivecana hai| ****** saMdarbha: 1. tattvArthasUtra a. 2/25 4. sa.ni. 2/25/182/7 6. cha. 1/1/1? 60/299/9 2. tattvArthasUtra pR. 171 3. vahI, pR. saMkhyA 172 5. rAjavArtika 2/25/1/136/30 cha. 1/1/60/114 7. tattvArthazloka 172, pR. mA. 1
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________________ 36 anekAnta 68/1, janavarI-mArca, 2015 8. vahI, pR. 172 9. vahI, pR. 174/a. 2 kA 2 10. sarvagatvApratiH pusaH.... kAryamAtratvavedanAt/ pR. 174/kA 3 11. vahI 12. vibhrpumaanmuurttve....| zlokavAti. pR. 175/kA.4 13. heturIzvara bodhena .... zAstrabAdhitA/ pR. 176/ kA.5 14. gatimAnAtmA kriyAhetu .... pR. 176 15. tattvArthazlokavArtikA / pR.197/kA.30/5 16. tattvArthazlokavArtikA./pR.198/kA.6, 7/sU. 5 17. mahAbhArata/vanaparva/39/28 bodhakathAH kA~Te se kA~TA nikAleM - saMta- svabhAva, phala se lade vRkSa ke samAna hotA hai| jo use patthara mAratA hai, badale meM mIThe phala pradAna karatA hai| saMta-puruSa ko jaba koI kaThora vacanoM se AghAta pahu~catA hai, to vaha pratizodha yA pratirodha nahIM karatA apitu mIThe vacanoM dvArA usakA parihAra kara detA hai| saMta kI saralatA aura komala mana ke sAmane, pratipakSI kI pratizodha anala zItalatA meM badala jAtI hai| eka bAra AcArya zrI zAntisAgara jI ke pAsa eka anya dharmAvalambI AyA aura dhRSTatA pUrvaka kahane lagA- 'mahArAja! Apa bandara kI taraha nagna kyoM rahate haiN| AcAryazrI ne zAMta svara meM kahA- yadi paira meM kAMTA laga jAye to use dUsare kAMTe se hI nikAla liyA jAtA hai| hamArA mana bhI bandara ke samAna caMcala hotA hai, use rokane ke lie bandara kI taraha nagnatA svIkAra karanA Avazyaka hai, isase mana, vaza meM ho jAtA hai| mahArAja zrI ke ina sayuktika vacanoM dvArA mArmika uttara sunakara vaha vyakti atyanta prabhAvita huA aura AcAryazrI kA parama bhakta bana gyaa| | - burA bola kAMTA hai, subola se usa kAMTe ko nikAlanA saMta kA svabhAva hai| di. muni/AcArya ke hAtha meM picchI, yahI saMdeza detI rahatI hai ki merI taraha, muni bhI apane mana ko mRdula aura sundara banAye rkheN| -sAbhAra- "lokottara sAdhaka' (kRti) se prAcArya paM. nihAlacaMda jaina
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________________ anekAnta 68/1, janavarI-mArca, 2015 cAmuNDArAya : vyaktitva evaM kRtitva 37 -- - DaoN. AnandakumAra jaina mahAn cAmuNDArAya kA janma IsA kI dazavIM zatAbdI meM mAtA kAlaladevI kI kukSi se brahmakSatriyavaMza' meM huA thaa| inake pitA mahAbaliha+- rAjya ke prasiddha zrAvaka the| cAmuNDArAya ne Arambhika zikSA-dIkSA guru ajitasena' ke sAnnidhya meM prApta kI thI tathA jainadarzana meM dakSatA A. nemicanda ke pAdamUla meM baiThakara prApta kI thii| inakI bhaginI pIyappaI (pullavve) kA ullekha bhI milatA hai, jinakA maraNa vijayamaMgala meM huA thA / yauvanAvasthA meM inakA vivAha ajitAdevI se huA thaa| inase eka putra utpanna huA jisakA nAma jinadevana thA, jo zravaNabelagolA nirmita jinadeva maMdira ke dravyadAtA the| ataH yaha niHsaMkoca kahA jA sakA hai ki inakA samasta parivAra jinazAsana ke prati samarpita thaa| kannar3a prAntIya hone se cAmuNDArAya kI mAtRbhASA yadyapi kannar3a thI, kintu ve saMskRta ke bhI siddhahasta vidvAn the| ukta bhASAdvaya meM pravINatA tathA jainadarzana kA gahana adhyayana ApakI racanAoM meM AdarzarUpa meM pratibimbita hotA hai / cAmuNDArAya ke gommaTa, gommaTarAya, rAya tathA aNNa- ye nAma pracalita the|' janmadAtrI mAtA kI icchApUrti hetu zravaNabelagolA ke vindhyagiri parvata para bhagavAn bAhubalI kI 57 (58. 8') phITa U~cI, atizayakArI, advitIya pratimA kA nirmANa caitra zuklA paMcamI, vikrama saMvat 1038 guruvAra, dinAMka 13 mArca, 981 aura vIra mArttaNDa cAmuNDArAya ne karAyA thaa| 1180 meM zilAlekha se jJAta hotA hai ki cAmuNDArAya kA gharelU nAma 'gommaTa' thA isalie bAhubalI kI pratimA kA nAma gommaTezvara pracalita huA / " DaoN0 e. ena. upAdhye ne 'gommaTezvara' kA artha 'cAmuNDArAya kA devatA' kiyA hai|' isa bhavya pratimA kA pradhAna zilpI ariSTanemi tathA pratiSThAcArya svayaM nemicandra siddhAntacakravartI the| isI pratimA kI stuti meM inhoMne 'gommaTeza - thudi'
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________________ 38 anekAnta 68/1, janavarI-mArca, 2015 kI racA kI thii| vindhyagiri parvata para cAmuNDarAya ne eka tyAgada brahmadeva nAmaka stambha kI racanA I. san 974 meM karAI thI, jisa para eka prazasti bhI aMkita hai| isa parvata ke sAmane sthita candragiri parvata para eka bhavya maMdira hai, jo cAmuNDarAyavasati ke nAma se prasiddha hai| aise hI anyAnya bhavya mandiroM ke nirmANakartA ke rUpa meM cAmuNDarAya itihAsa prasiddha haiN| tatkAlIna zAsaka ne jinamata kI mahimA bar3hAne ke phalasvarUpa unheM 'rAya' padavI se sammAnita kiyA thaa| bhArata ke prathama Azcarya ke rUpa meM pratiSThita zravaNabelagolA sthita bhagavAn bAhubalI svAmI kI 58.8' phITa U~cI pratimA kI kathA bhI rocaka hai", kahate haiM ki - mahArAja mArasiMha rAcamalla dvitIya kI rAjasabhA meM saMyogavaza kisI seTha kA Agamana huA, jisane podanapura sthita bAhubalI bhagavAn kI pratimA kA anupama varNana kiyA, jisase abhibhUta hokara maMtrI cAmuNDarAya ne vahIM khar3e hokara pratimA ko bhAva-namaskAra kiyA tathA apane guru ajitasena ke samakSa pratimA-darzana kI icchA prakaTa kI tathA bhagavAn bAhubalI ke darzanoparAnta hI dugdhanA sevana kI kaThina pratijJA kara lii| tatpazcAt caturagiMnI senA sahita uttara dizA kI ora prasthAna kiyaa| tadanantara ve vindhyAcala parvata para pahu~ce, vahA~ unhoMne jinadarzana kara rAtri vizrAma kiyaa| isI rAtri meM kuSmANDinI devI (zAsana devI) ne prakaTa hokara kahA- 'podanapura 12 jAne kA mArga kaThina hai| isa parvata meM rAvaNa dvArA sthApita zrI bAhubalI svAmI kA pratibimba hai, vaha dhanuSa para suvarNa kA bANa car3hAkara, parvata ko chedane para prakaTa hogaa|' prAta:kAla hote hI cAmuNDarAya ne rAtri meM Aye svapna kA vRtAnta AO nemicandra ko sunAyA, unhoMne svapnAnukUla kArya karane kI salAha dii| guru-AjJA zirodhArya kara cAmuNDarAya ne parvata bhedana kiyA, jisase saMpUrNa lakSaNayukta bIsa dhanuSa U~cI bAhubalI kI pratimA prakaTa huii| uddezya pUrNa hone para ve punaH apane gRha nagara ko lauTe aura viMdhyagiri para bAhubalI kI pratimA kA nirmANa kraayaa| isakA prathama kalazAbhiSeka I. san 981 meM saMpanna huaa|4
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________________ anekAnta 68/1, janavarI-mArca, 2015 dhArmika prakRti se otaprota evaM rAjya ke prati niSThA hone se unhoMne gaMgavaMzIya tIna pIr3hiyoM kI sevA kii|15 graMtha paramparAoM meM bhI isakA ullekha hai jaise bAhubalicarita ke anusAra draviDa deza meM eka mathurA nAmaka nagarI thI, jo vartamAna meM maDurA nAma se prasiddha hai, vahA~ dezIyagaNa ke svAmI zrI siMhanaMdI AcArya ke caraNakamalasevaka gaMgavaMza-tilaka bhI rAcamalla rAjA hue||6| jasTisa mAMgIlAla jaina cAmuNDarAya kA apara nAma gommaTarAya nahIM svIkArate haiM aura na hI siddhAnta cakravartI nemicandrAcArya ko samakAlIna mAnate haiN| ve gommaTezvara pratimA nirmANa kA bhI niSedha karate haiM, ve likhate haiM ki- "AcArya nemicandra ne apane guru bhAI, ziSya evaM bAlasakhA kahe jAne vAle cAmuNDarAya kA nAma bhUlakara bhI nahIM liyA aura na hI cAmuNDarAya ne apane graMthoM meM apane Apako gommaTarAya hI likhA hai| yaha bhI kahA jAtA hai ki svayaM cAmuNDarAya ne apane purANa meM A. nemicandra kA bhI jikra nahIM kiyA hai| ataH jasTisa mAMgIlAla ke anusAra niSkarSa yaha nikalatA hai ki cAmuNDarAya na gommaTarAya haiM aura na cAmuNDarAya nemicandrAcArya ke samakAlIna the| unakA kahanA hai ki yadi mUrti cAmuNDarAya ne banavAI hotI, to cAmuNDarAyapurANa (978 I.)meM ve isake banAne kA na sahI, kintu banAne ke saMkalpa kA to avazya hI jikra krte| isa kRti meM unhoMne apane sakhA gurubhAI nemicandra kA ullekha nahIM kiyA hai| yadi mUrti 981 meM pratiSThita huI hotI to cAmuNDarAya purANa likhate samaya athavA samApta karate samaya isakA nirmANa cala rahA hogaa| Azcarya yaha hai ki isa kRti ke samApana ke AdhAra para nirmANakAla san 981 kI mAnyatA dRr3ha kI gaI hai jabaki mUrti ke nirmANa meM dasa varSa kA samaya lagA thaa|' misTara jasTisa ke uparyukta kathana ke viruddha anya aneka tathya hai jo isa bhrAnti ko dUra kara cAmuNDarAya, gommaTezvara tathA nemicandrAcArya ko niHzaMkita rUpa se samakAlIna siddha karate haiN| 1. nemicandracArya ne trilokasAra kI racanA ke prAraMbha meM spaSTa ullekha kiyA hai ki yaha graMtha unhoMne bhavya cAmuNDarAya ko tattva bodhArtha racA
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________________ anekAnta 68/1, janavarI-mArca, 2015 2. paM. ToDaramalajI ne apanI bhASA vacanikA nAmaka TIkA meM bhI likhA hai ki 'jo bhagavAna nemicandra nAmA saiddhAntadeva cAri anuyogarUpI cAri samudranikA pAragAmI so cAmuNDarAya ke saMbodhana kA misakari samasta ziSya janani ke saMbodhana ke arthi trilokasAra nAmA graMtha ko racatAsaMtA. ...... / 18 3. isI prakAra gommaTasAra karmakANDa meM rUpaka ke rUpa meM likhA hai ki- 'siddhAMtarUpI udayAcala ke taTa para udita nirmala nemicandra kI kiraNa se yukta guNaratnabhUSaNa arthAt cAmuNDarAya rUpI samudra kI yati rUpI belA bhuvanatala ko pUrita kre|' yahA~ guNaratnabhUSaNa' pada cAmuNDarAya kI upAdhi hai| 4. gommaTasAra ke maMgalAcaraNa meM bhI "guNarayaNabhUsuNudayaM jIvassa tu parUvaNaM vocchaM" kahakara prakArAntara se cAmuNDarAya kA nirdezana kiyA hai|20 5. gommaTasAra karmakANDa kI gAthA 358 tathA 451 meM bhI cAmuNDarAya kA ullekha prApta hotA hai| namiUNa NemicaMdaM asahAyaparamakkama mhaaviirN| NamiUNa vaDDamANaM kaNayaNihaM devraaypripujj||358|| asahAya jiNavaride asahAya parakkamme mhaaviire|| NamiUNa NemiNAhe sjjguhidvinnmNsiyNdhijuNg||451|| 6. gommaTasAra kI jIvakANDa kI mandaprabodhinI TIkA kI utthAnikA meM svayaM abhayacandra sUri ne likhA hai ki- gaMgavaMza ke lalAmabhUta zrImadrAcamalladeva ke mahAmAtya pada para virAjamAna aura raNAMgamalla, asahAya-parAkrama, guNaratnabhUSaNa, samyaktvaratnanilaya Adi vividha sArthaka nAmadhArI zrI cAmuNDarAya ke prazna ke anurUpa jIvasthAna nAmaka prathama khaNDa ke arthasaMgraha karane ke lie gommaTasAra nAma vAle paJcasaMgraha zAstra kA prAraMbha karate hue maiM nemicandra maMgalapUrvaka gAthAsUtra kahatA huuN| uparyukta tathyoM kA gaharAI se anveSaNa karane para jasTisa mAMgIlAla jaina ke pakSa meM itanA to svIkAra kiyA jA sakatA hai ki nemicandrAcArya
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________________ anekAnta 68/1, janavarI-mArca, 2015 ne kahIM bhI bAhubalI kI pratimA ko gommaTa nahIM kahA hai, apitu ise dakSiNa kukkuDajina kahakara saMbodhita kiyA hai| kintu nemicandra ne apanI racanAoM tathA uttaravartI TIkAkAroM ne spaSTarUpa se cAmuNDarAya ke uddezya se graMtha racA hai, aisA likhA hai| paM. kailAzacandra zAstrI ne bhI nemicandra tathA cAmuNDarAya ko samakAlIna mAnA hai| _ 'je kamme sUrA so dhamme sUrA' kI ukti ko caritArtha karate hue cAmuNDarAya ne apanI bhASA-pravINatA kA sadupayoga jainadarzana ke sUkSma evaM gaMbhIra viSayoM ke pratipAdana meM kiyaa| inake pariNAma svarUpa hI ApakI cAra racanAyeM dRSTigocara hotI haiM- 1. cAritrasAra, 2. cAmuNDarAyapurANa (triSaSTi lakSaNa-mahApurANa), 3. gommaTasAra jIvakANDa kI vIramArtaNDa nAmaka kannar3I TIkA, 4. tattvArthasAra sNgrh| cAmuNDarAya ke vyaktitva kI vizeSatAe~ : 1. AjJAkArI- cAmuNDarAya parama AjJAkArI the| apanI mAtA kI icchApUrti hetu inhoMne bhagavAn bAhubalI kI pratimA kA nirmANa kraayaa| mAtA kI hI icchApUrti ke nimitta ajJAta sthAna para sthita podanapura kI bAhubalI kI alaukika pratimA ke darzana ke lie caturaMgiNI senA ke sAtha gye| 2. rasanendriya vijayI- ajJAta sthAna para sthita pratimA ke darzana hone ke pUrva taka dugdha-sevana kA tyAga kiyaa| 3. prazrayadAtA- kannar3a mahAkavi ratra ko prazraya diyaa| siddhAntacakravartI A. nemicandra ne cAmuNDarAya ke Azraya meM nivAsa karate hue suprasiddha gommaTasAra, trilokasAra Adi siddhAnta-granthoM kA sRjana kiyaa| AcArya ajitasena ko bhI inhoMne prazraya kiyaa| 4. rAjabhakta- drutavega se patanazIla vaMza kI abhibhAvakatA evaM rakSA ke sAtha hI usake adhipati patanonmukha rASTrakUTa samrAToM kA bhI saMrakSaNa cAmuNDarAya ne yathAzakti kiyaa| svayaM sAmarthyavAn hote hue bhI padalolupatA kA sarvathA abhAva thaa| apane dhArmika evaM naitika cAritra tathA kriyAkalApoM ke lie inheM 'samyaktvaratnAkara', 'satyayudhiSThira', 'guNaratnabhUSaNa26', 'devarAja', guNakAva' Adi upAdhiyoM se alaMkRta kiyA hai| 5. utkRSTa zrAvaka - maMtrI jaise mahatvapUrNa pada ke vahanakartA hone ke
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________________ anekAnta 68/1, janavarI-mArca, 2015 bAda bhI dhArmika kriyAoM meM ruci rakhate the| cAmuNDarAya ne aneka jinamaMdiroM, mUrtiyoM Adi kA nirmANa, jIrNoddhAra tathA pratiSThA karAI thii| zravaNabelagolA kI candragiri para svanirmita cAmuNDarAya-vasati meM indranIlamaNi kI manojJa neminAtha kI pratimA pratiSThita kI thii| vindhyagiri para tyAgada-brahmadeva nAma kA sundara mAnastambha banavAyA thaa| vizva prasiddha bAhubalI kI pratimA nirmANa kA zreya bhI inako jAtA hai| inhoMne sAMsArika kSetra meM unnati karane ke sAtha-sAtha dhArmika kSetra meM bhI samAna khyAti arjita kI thii| ina guNoM kA anukaraNa inake putra tathA putravadhU ne bhI kiyA thaa| 1. cAritrasAra - AcAra viSayaka yaha gadyAtmaka graMtha saMkSepa meM jainazrAvakAcAra tathA zramaNAcAra ko dhyAna meM rakhate hue racA gayA hai| prAraMbha meM tIna adhyAya zrAvakoM ke viSaya meM hai| prathama adhyAya meM samyaktva tathA paJcANuvratoM kA ullekha hai, Age vratoM kI paribhASA, unake aticAra, rAtri bhojana tyAga (jise chaThA~ aNuvrata kahA hai) kA varNana hai| dvitIya adhyAya meM saptazIloM kA varNana hai| isameM bhI inake aticAroM tathA bheda-prabhedoM kA kathana hai| gRhastha kI ijjA, vAttI, datti, svAdhyAya, saMyama, tapa- ina SaDAvazyakoM kA kathana hai| isa adhyAya ke anta meM sallekhanA kA vivecana hai| tRtIyAdhikAra meM SoDazakaraNa bhAvanA kA svarUpa diyA hai| caturtha adhikAra ke anagAra (muni) dharma kA svarUpa kahA hai, jisake AraMbha meM daza dharmoM kA vizad vivecana hai| tatpazcAt tIna guptiyoM tathA pAMca samitiyoM kA kathana hai| saMyamI nirgranthoM ke bheda-prabheda, parISahajaya, guNasthAnAnusAra pariSaha-kathana tathA anta meM tapa kA varNana hai tathA sabase anta meM dvAdaza anuprekSAoM kA ullekha kara graMtha kA samApana kiyA hai| cAmuNDarAyakRta cAritrasAra kI katipaya vizeSatAe~ : 1. cAmuNDarAya kI yaha kRti pUrNa rUpeNa pUrvAcAryoM kA anukaraNa karatI hai| Adyanta isa graMtha meM vibhinna AcAryoM ke mahatvapUrNa zloka, gAthA, kArikA Adi kA saMdarbha dekara svalekhanI kI puSTi kI hai| isa kAraNa yaha graMtha prAmANika hai| 2. jIvoM ke zaraNa evaM svarga-mokSa phalapradAtA arthAt dharma kI mahimA
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________________ 47 anekAnta 68/1, janavarI-mArca, 2015 kA varNana hai| 3. zrAvakoM ke paMcANuvratoM ke atirikta rAtribhojanatyAga ko pRthak rUpa se chaThe vrata kI saMjJA pradAna kI hai| 4. upAsakadazAMga meM ullikhita saptazIlavratoM kA antarbhAva cAritrasAra meM kiyA hai| 5. sAdhu ke uttaraguNoM meM garbhita parISahajaya kA vistRta vivecana upalabdha 6. zrAvakA kA cAritra-vikAsa gyAraha pratimAoM ke mAdhyama se hotA hai| isa graMtha meM vratoM kA to saMkSipta kathana hai kintu pratimAoM kA vizad varNana kiyA hai| 7. dhyAna-prakaraNa ke antargata dharmyadhyAna meM anitya Adi bAraha bhAvanAoM kA vivecana kiyA hai| 8. tapazcaraNa dvArA muniyoM ko aneka RddhiyA~ prakaTa hotI haiN| ina RddhiyoM kA graMtha meM vistArapUrvaka kathana hai| 9. prApta sAkSyoM ke AdhAra para yaha gRhastha praNIta prathama racanA hai, kyoMki graMtha-sRjana kA pracalana ArSa (AcArya) praNIta hI mAnA gayA 2. triSaSTi lakSaNa mahApurANa :- ise cAmuNDarAyapurANa bhI kahate haiN| cAmuNDarAya ne ise kannar3a bhASA meM likhA hai, isakA racanAkAla zaka saM. 990 (I.san 978) hai| yaha kannar3a bhASA kA Adya graMtha hai| isakI bhASA sarala evaM bodhagamya hai| isameM pramukha AcAryoM ke nAma, unakI paramparA tathA graMthakAroM kA ullekha milatA hai, sAtha hI isa AdhAra para inakI kAlagaNanA meM bhI sahajatA hotI hai| gRddhapicchAcArya (kundakunda), siddhasena, samantabhadra, pUjyapAda (padmanandi), kavi paramezvara, vIrasena, guNabhadra, dharmasena, kumArasena, nAgasena, Aryanandi, ajitasena, yativRSabha, uccAraNAcArya, mAghanandi, zAmakuNDa, tembulUrAcArya, elAcArya, zubhanandi, ravinandi, jinasena Adi kA ullekha isa mahApurANa meM milatA hai| isameM lekhaka ne aneka AcAryoM dvArA racita saMskRta-prAkRta bhASA ke aneka zlokoM evaM gAthAoM kA ullekha kiyA hai| isa graMtha ke nAma se jJAta hotA hai ki isameM zreSTha zalAkA puruSoM (24 tIrthakara+12
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________________ 44 anekAnta 68/1, janavarI-mArca, 2015 cakravartI + 9 nArAyaNa + 9 pratinArAyaNa + 9 balabhadra) kA varNana hai| yaha graMtha jAtaka zailI meM taiyAra kiyA gayA hai, jo atyanta mahattvapUrNa hai| ye prathama kavi the, jinhoMne mahApurANa, jo mUlataH saMskRta meM hai, kI kannar3a meM racanA kI hai| jo 'vaDhDhArAdhanA ke pazcAt padyAtmaka zailI kA prathama graMtha hai|' 3. vIra mArtaNDI TIkA:- cAmuNDarAya ne AcArya nemicandra siddhAntacakravartI ke gommaTasAra para vIramArtaNDa nAmaka kannaDa TIkA racI hai| isa racanA ke pIche do mukhya hetu pratIta hote haiM, prathama yaha ki unhoMne svanimitta racI gaI kRti gommaTasAra se uRNa hone hetu ise racA hai tathA dvitIya yaha ki gommaTasAra kI bhASAgata sauSThavatA sAdhAraNa janoM ke lie agamya hone se kannar3a-bhASiyoM ke prati viziSTa rAga evaM upakAra kI dRSTi se ise racA hogaa| 4. tattvArtha vArtika saMgraha :- isa racanA ke viSaya meM jainendra siddhAnta koza ke nirmAtA jinendra varNI ne mAtra ullekha kiyA hai| 'tIrthakara mahAvIra evaM unakI AcArya paramparA' meM DaoN. nemicandra 'jyotiSAcArya' ne tathA 'arhatvacana' ke bAhubalI vizeSAMka meM kahIM bhI isakA ullekha nahIM milatA hai|30 saMdarbhaH 1. 'jagatpavitrabrahmakSatriyavaMza bhAge', cAmuNDarAyapurANa, pR. 5 2. talakAraDu nivAsI 3. 'so ajiyaseNaNAho jassa guru', gommaTasAra karmakANDa, gA. 9664. "It is believed that Puiyappai who did in Vijayamangala was the sister of Camundaraya". Camundaraya and Sravan Aelagola. Padmavathamma. 5-"Ajita Devi, one of the vives of Camundaraya had given birth to a sonJinadevanna." Camundaraya and Sravan Aelagola. - Padmavathamma. Vol.18, No.1, Jan-March&2006, 69-74. 6- tIrthaMkara mahAvIra aura unakI AcArya paraMparA- nemicanda jyotissaacaary| 7. gommaTezvara bAhubalI aura gomaTesa thudi : eka anuzIlana, bhAgacandra jaina 'bhAgendu', arhat vacana, kundakunda jJAnapITha indaura, varSa 18, aMka-1, janavarI-mArca 2006, pR. 27-33 8. (E.C.II) naM. 238, paMkti 16, aMgrejI saMkSepa kA pR. 98, uddhRta jIvakANDa kI
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________________ anekAnta 68/1, janavarI-mArca, 2015 45 bhUmikA, pR. 14 (paM. kailAza candra zAstrI) uddhRta vIravara cAmuNDarAya- zreyAMsa kumAra jaina, arhat vacana, kundakunda jJAnapITha, indaura, varSa 18, aMka-1, janavarI-mArca 2006, pR. 35-39 9.nemicandra jyotiSAcArya:tIrthakara mahAvIra aura unakI AcArya paramparA, khaNDa-2, pR. 21 10. vIravara cAmuNDarAya - zreyAMsa kumAra jaina, arhat vacana, pR. 38 11. vIravara cAmuNDarAya - zreyAMsa kumAra jaina, arhat vacana, pR. 36 12. bAhubalI ke rAjyakSetra takSazilA kI rAjadhAnI 13. vIravara cAmuNDarAya - zreyAMsa kumAra jaina, arhat vacana, pR. 35-36 14. zravaNabelagolA : atIta se vartamAna, arhat vacana, pR. 9 15. gommaTezvara bAhubalI aura gomaTesa thudi : eka anuzIlana- bhAgacandra jaina 'bhAgendu', arhat vacana, pR. 29 16. bAhubalIcarita, zloka-6 17. bAhubalI, (jasTisa mAMgIlAla jaina),prakAzaka- di. jaina vidyAnaMda zodhapITha, bar3auta 18. trilokasAra, bhASA vacanikA - paM. ToDaramala jI, 19. gommaTakarmakANDa gAthA 967 20. gommaTasAra 21. gommaTasAra jIvakANDa, manda prabodhinI TIkA, 503 22. go.karma. 968 23. gommaTasAra jIvakANDa, bhUmikA pR.14, paM. kailAzacanda zAstrI 24. karmakANDa (gommaTasAra), gAthA 1 25. karmakANDa (gommaTasAra), gAthA 45 26. karmakANDa (gommaTasAra), gAthA 1 27. karmakANDa (gommaTasAra), gAthA 258 28. gommaTasAra jIvakANDa gAthA 980-971 29. gomaTeza gAthA, pR. 187 ___30. jainendra siddhAMta koza, bhAga-2, zabda-cAmuNDarAya, jainadarzanAcArya, ema.phila zodha chAtra,jaina bauddhadarzana vibhAga, kAzI hindI vizvavidyAlaya, vArANasI-221007
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________________ anekAnta 68/1, janavarI-mArca, 2015 AcArya devasena kI kRtiyoM meM dArzanika dRSTi -DaoN. Aloka kumAra jaina AcArya devasena svAmI ne apanI kRtiyoM meM sat ke svarUpa ko vibhinna prakAra se prarUpita kiyA hai| jo apane guNa paryAyoM meM vyApta hotA hai, vaha sat kahalAtA hai, utpAda, vyaya aura dhrauvya se yukta sat kahA gayA hai, vahI astitva kahA jAtA hai| isI sat ke paryAya svarUpa 6 dravyoM kA vizada varNana kiyA hai| ina sabameM parama upAdeyabhUta jIvadravya kA vistRta rUpa se varNana kiyA hai| jisameM jIva ko alaga-alaga upAdhiyoM aura adhikAroM dvArA vivecita kiyA gayA hai| jIva meM jIvatva, upayogamayatva, amUrtitva, kartRtva, bhoktRtva, svadehaparimANatva, saMsAra meM sthiti, siddhatva aura svabhAva se Urdhvagamanatva guNa vidyamAna hote haiN| jIvatva ke saMbaMdha meM AcArya ne kucha gAthAyeM uddhRta karake vivecana kiyA hai| jo 10 prANoM se jItA hai vaha jIva hai| jIva ke do upayogoM kA vizada varNana AcArya ne sAragarbhita 6-8 gAthAoM meM karake apanI prakhara buddhi kA udAharaNa prastuta kiyA hai| unameM pAMcoM jJAnoM sahita jIva ko bhinna-bhinna rUpa se kahate hue jJAnoM ke bheda-prabhedoM kA bhI acchA vivecana hai| una jJAnoM ko pratyakSa aura parokSa ke bheda se prarUpita kiyA hai| isI prakAra jIva meM svabhAva se vidyamAna saMkoca-vistAra guNa hone se jIva ko svadehaparimANa vAlA siddha kiyA hai aura anya matoM kI viparIta mAnyatAoM ko khaNDita bhI kiyA hai| nizcaya naya aura vyavahAra naya kI apekSA se pRthak-pRthak karmoM kA kartA aura karmoM ke phala kA bhoktA vivecita kiyA hai| svabhAva se Urdhvagamana karane vAlA batAte hue kahA hai ki jIva nizcita rUpa se Urdhvagamana karatA hai, parantu jo karma sahita jIva haiM, ve vigrahagati meM cAroM vidizAoM ko chor3akara chahoM dizAoM meM gamana karatA hai tathA zuddha jIva Rjugati se Urdhvagamana hI karatA hai| isake alAvA pudgala, dharma, adharma, AkAza aura kAla dravya kA varNana AcArya devasena svAmI ne bhI anya AcAryoM ke anurUpa hI meM kiyA hai| tatpazcAt sAta tattvoM kA vizada varNana kiyA gyaa| una sAta tattvoM meM puNya aura pApa milA dene se 9 padArtha ho jAte haiN| ajIva tattva kA
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________________ 47 anekAnta 68/1, janavarI-mArca, 2015 varNana karate hue usake bhedoM meM pudgalAdi kA varNana kiyA hai| Asrava kA svarUpa sAmAnyatayA pUrvAcAryoM ke samAna hI prastuta kiyA hai| baMdha tattva ke varNana meM usake cAra bhedoM ko bhI spaSTa kiyA hai| prakRti baMdha ke antargata 8 karmoM ke svarUpa ko bhI prarUpita kiyA hai| sthiti baMdha, anubhAga baMdha aura pradeza baMdha ko sAmAnya rUpa se hI nirUpita kiyA hai| isase aisA pratIta hotA hai ki tatkAlIna samaya meM logoM ko ina viSayoM kI jAnakArI acchI rahI hogI athavA AcArya devasena svAmI ko ina sabhI viSayoM ko sUtra rUpa meM varNana karanA iSTa hogaa| saMvara, nirjarA aura mokSa kA varNana bhI isI prakAra saMkSepa meM kiyA gayA hai| AcArya kA spaSTa kathana hai ki saMvara pUrvaka nirjarA hI mokSa kA ucita sAdhana hai, anya koI vidhi se mokSa kI prApti saMbhava nahIM hai| __ dravya kI paribhASA batAte hue kahA gayA hai ki dravya guNa aura paryAya vAlA hotA hai| una guNa aura paryAyoM ke sambandha meM jo varNana AcArya devasena svAmI ne kiyA hai, vaisA varNana anya kisI AcArya dvArA praNIta grantha meM nahIM miltaa| dravya ke sAmAnya aura vizeSa guNoM kA pRthak-pRthak varNana apUrva hai| jo guNa sabhI dravyoM meM sAmAna rUpa se pAye jAte haiM ve sAmAnya guNa aura jo eka dravya ko dUsare dravya se pRthak karate haiM ve vizeSa guNa kahalAte haiN| sAmAnya guNa dasa haiM aura vizeSa guNa 16 haiM, jo alaga-alaga dravya ke alaga-alaga haiN| jIva aura pudagala dravya meM 6-6 aura zodha niSkriya dharma, adharma, AkAza aura kAla dravya ke 3-3 vizeSa guNa hote haiN| gaNoM ke vikAra ko paryAya kahate haiM athavA gaNoM ke pariNamana ko paryAya kahate haiN| isake mukhya rUpa se do bheda artha paryAya aura vyaMjana paryAya haiN| ina donoM ke bheda-prabhedoM kA vistRta rUpa se varNana mAtra AlApa paddhati grantha meM hI prApta hotA hai, jo AcArya devasena svAmI kI vizeSatA ko darzAtA hai| paryAyoM ko eka tAlikA ke rUpa meM pradarzita karake isa viSaya ko aura adhika spaSTa karane kA prayAsa kiyA hai| ananta dharmAtmaka tattva kI avadhAraNA jainadarzana meM pramANa tathA naya ke AdhAra para kI gaI hai| ina donoM ke dvArA vastu ko eka aura aneka rUpoM meM kramaza: jAnA jA sakatA hai| pramANa tathA naya kA sambandha sApekSa hai|
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________________ 48 anekAnta 68/1, janavarI-mArca, 2015 naya ko samajhe binA pramANoM ke svarUpa kA bodha nahIM kiyA jA sakatA hai, kyoMki anekAntAtmaka padArtha kA kathana naya aura pramANa dvArA hI saMbhava hai| nayavAda jainadarzana kI apanI viziSTa vicAra paddhati hai, jisameM pratyeka vastu ke vivecana meM naya kA upayoga hotA hai| pramANa nayoM kA svarUpa hai| ataH pramANa ke svarUpa ko samajhane ke liye pahale nayoM kA jJAna karanA Avazyaka hai| vastusvarUpa ko jAnane meM pravRtta jJAnazakti jaba zrutajJAnAtmaka upayoga vastu ko paraspara viruddha pakSoM meM se kisI eka pakSa ke dvArA jAnane meM pravRtta hotA hai taba use naya kahate haiM aura jaba donoM pakSoM ke dvArA jAnane kA prayatna karatA hai athavA dharma-dharmI kA bheda kiye binA vastu ko akhaNDa rUpa meM grahaNa karatA hai, taba zrutajJAnAtmaka pramANa athavA syAdvAda kahalAtA hai| AcArya devasena svAmI ne nayoM kA varNana karate hue likhA hainayoM ke mUla do bheda haiM, jo naya loka meM paryAya ko gauNa karake dravya ko hI grahaNa karatA yA jAnatA hai vaha dravyArthika naya kahA gayA hai, jo dravyArtha ke viparIta hai arthAt dravya ko gauNa karake paryAya ko hI jAnatA hai vaha paryAyArthika naya kahalAtA hai| inameM dravyArthika naya ke 10 aura paryAyArthika naya ke 6 bhedoM ke svarUpa ko bhI batalAyA hai| tatpazcAt naigama, saMgraha, vyavahAra, RjusUtra, zabda, samabhirUr3ha aura evaMbhUta naya ke svarUpa aura bhedoM kA varNana sodAharaNa prastuta kiyA hai| inake pazcAt upanaya ke tIna bheda haiMsadbhUtavyavahAra naya, asadbhUtavyavahAra naya, upacaritAsabhUtavyavahAra ny| inameM bhI sadbhUtavyavahAra naya ke do bheda, asadbhUtavyavahAra naya aura upacaritAsadbhUtavyavahAra naya ke tIna-tIna bheda svarUpa sahita varNita kiye haiN| isake bAda nayoM aura upanayoM ke viSayoM kA varNana kiyA hai| sabhI nayoM kA varNana karane ke paSThacAt ve adhyAtmabhAz2A ke nayoM kA varNana karate hue likhate haiM- nayoM ke mUla do bheda haiM- eka nizcaya naya aura dUsarA vyavahAra ny| usameM nizcaya naya kA viSaya abheda hai aura vyavahAra naya kA viSaya bheda hai| unameM se niSThacaya naya ke do bheda haiM- zuddha nizcaya naya aura azuddha nizcaya ny| inameM bhI zuddha nizcaya naya kA viSaya zuddhadravya hai tathA azuddha nizcaya naya kA viSaya azuddha dravya hai| nayoM ke svarUpa ko bhalI-bhA~ti jAnakara ke nayoM kA prayoga karake jo apane kathanoM kI pravRtti karatA hai vAstavikatA meM vahI vidvAn hai| naya, pramANa kA hI eka aMza hai yaha hama
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________________ anekAnta 68/1, janavarI-mArca, 2015 pahale bhI samajha cuke haiN| naya ko samagra rUpa se prastuta karanA eka bahuta bar3I kalA hai| usI prakAra nayoM kA yojana vibhinna sthAnoM meM bhI karanA caahiye| isIlie AcArya devasena svAmI ne eka alaga hI viSaya prastuta kiyA hai, kisa-kisa dravya meM kisa-kisa naya kI apekSA kauna-kauna svabhAva pAyA jAtA hai| isake pazcAt pramANa kA svarUpa aura bheda kA varNana bhI AcArya ne naya ke sAtha kiyA hai| pramANa kA lakSaNa karate hue AcArya devasena svAmI likhate haiM ki samasta vastu ko grahaNa karane vAlA jJAna pramANa hai| jisa jJAna ke dvArA vastusvarUpa jAnA jAtA hai nizcaya kiyA jAtA hai, vaha jJAna pramANa hai| savikalpa aura nirvikalpa ke bheda se pramANa do prakAra kA hai| jisa jJAna meM prayatnapUrvaka, vicArapUrvaka yA icchApUrvaka padArtha ko jAnane ke liye upayoga lagAnA par3e vaha savikalpaka jJAna hai| yaha cAra prakAra hai| 1. matijJAna 2. zrutajJAna 3. avadhijJAna 4. mn:pryyjnyaan| jisa jJAna meM prayatnapUrvaka, vicArapUrvaka yA icchApUrvaka padArtha ko jAnane ke lie upayoga nahIM lagAnA par3e vaha nirvikalpaka jJAna hai| isakA sirpha eka hI bheda hai vaha hai kevljnyaan| isa prakAra naya aura pramANa kA varNana AcArya devasena svAmI ne donoM kA vizeSa rUpa se kiyA hai| jaina Agama meM varNita guNasthAna vastutaH jaina dArzanikoM, AcAryoM evaM tIrthaGkaroM kI una asaMkhya maulika vivecanAoM meM se eka hai, jise Aja taka anya jainetara darzana sparza bhI nahIM kara pAye, na zabdoM se na hI artha se| guNasthAna ko prAthamika dRSTi se dekhane para vartamAna zikSA praNAlI kI taraha dikhatA hai, parantu isa zikSA praNAlI se pUrNatayA alaga hI hai, na hI isake pratyeka darje para samAna samaya lagatA hai, na hI krama se Age bar3hane kI anivAryatA hai aura na hI sabhI jIva isameM samAna rUpa se Age bar3ha sakate haiN| jaina Agama aura siddhAnta granthoM ne guNasthAna ke mAdhyama se tIna loka meM vyApta samasta jIvoM kA vargIkaraNa karake adhyayana karane kA mArga paryApta rUpa se prazasta kiyA hai| guNasthAna paddhati se jIvoM ke bhAvoM kA jJAna karanA sarala ho gayA hai| guNasthAnoM meM gati Adi kI apekSA se saMkSipta varNana karane se guNasthAna kA svarUpa atyanta spaSTa huA hai| AcArya devasena svAmI ne guNasthAnoM ke antargata hI sabhI viSayoM
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________________ 50 anekAnta 68/1, janavarI-mArca, 2015 kA varNana kiyA hai| tatpazcAt choTe-choTe paricchedoM meM bhAva, lezyA aura dhyAna ko guNasthAna se yojita karake pRthak-pRthak varNana bhI kiyA hai| guNasthAnoM ke nAmoM kA ullekha karake unake samayoM kA nirdhAraNa, guNasthAnoM meM sthita jIvoM kI bhAvoM kI vividhatA vivecita kI hai tathA mithyAtva guNasthAna ke pAMca bhedoM kA varNana karate hue mithyAtva se hone vAlI hAni ke viSaya meM vivecana kiyA hai| sabhI guNasthAnoM ke anta meM unakI vizeSatAyeM bhI batAI gaI haiN| anta meM guNasthAnAtIta siddha parameSThI kA svarUpa bhI vizeSa rUpa se prarUpita kiyA hai| jainAgama meM guNasthAna mUlatattva kI taraha kAma karatA hai| guNasthAna ke dvArA pratyeka sUkSma viSaya kA gambhIratama tattva bhI sAra rUpa meM pradarzita karanA jaina AcAryoM aura dArzanikoM kI pratibhA kA digdarzana karAtA hai| vartamAna kAla meM sampUrNa vizva para dRSTi dene para pratIta hotA hai ki vizva janasaMkhyA kA adhikAdhika hissA prathama guNasthAna ke antargata hai| kucha aMguliyoM meM ginane yogya manuSya hI caturtha-paJcama-SaSTha aura saptama guNasthAna ko prApta kara sakate haiN| utkRSTa saMhanana kA vartamAna meM abhAva hone se upazama aura kSapaka zreNI kA bhI abhAva hai| ataH saptama guNasthAna se Upara jAnA saMbhava nahIM hai| paJcama kAla meM manuSya mithyAtva sahita hI utpanna hote haiM, ataH puruSArtha pUrvaka samyagdarzana ko prApta karanA caahiye| isa prakAra kA upadeza denA hI jaina dArzanikoM kA mukhya uddezya hai| guNasthAna ArohaNa kI preraNA bhI isa upadeza meM garbhita hai| isa saMsAra paribhramaNa se mukta hone ke lie jIva ko ratnatraya rUpI mahauSadhi kA sevana karanA hogA aura apane vAstavika svarUpa meM lIna hokara Atmazakti se karmoM kA nAza karanA hogaa| isameM ratnatraya ko garbhita karate hue tapa ko jor3akara cAra ArAdhanAoM kA varNana AcArya devasena svAmI dvArA sahaja rUpa se kiyA gayA hai| ArAdhaka ke guNoM aura usakI pAtratA kA bhI varNana kiyA hai| ArAdhaka kA vibhinna lakSaNoM aura upamAoM dvArA prarUpaNa karate hue ArAdhanA kA phala sallekhanA batAyA hai| upasarga aura parISahoM ke Ane para bhI sallekhanA meM aDiga rahane kA upadeza dete hue upasarga vijetA munirAjoM kI kathAoM kA ullekha bhI AcArya ne kiyA hai| bhAratIya dhyAna paramparA atiprAcIna hai| cArvAka ko chor3akara bhArata
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________________ anekAnta 68/1, janavarI-mArca, 2015 ke pratyeka darzana ne kisI na kisI rUpa meM dhyAna kI sattA ko svIkAra kiyA hai| dhyAna meM ekAgratA kA honA atyAvazyaka hai| anya darzanoM kI apekSA jainadarzana ke dhyAna kI avadhAraNA meM bhinnatA pratIta hotI hai, isalie jainAcAryoM ne dhyAna kA svarUpa atyanta sundaratA se varNita kiyA hai| dhyAna ke bhedoM kA varNana AcArya devasena svAmI ne maulika kiyA hai| AcArya ne Arta aura raudra dhyAna ke pazcAt bhadra dhyAna jo anya kisI AcArya ne varNita nahIM kiyA hai, kA varNana kiyA hai| vaha vAstava meM apUrva hai| tatpazcAt dharmya aura zukla dhyAna kA nirUpaNa kiyA hai| yahA~ unakA Azaya yaha hai ki gRhastha ke dharmyadhyAna kI sAdhanA sahaja nahIM hai, parantu vaha Arta-raudra dhyAna se pApa baMdha kA arjana karatA hai, usako apane sadjJAna aura bhadradhyAna se naSTa karatA hai| isake pazcAt cAroM dhyAnoM ke sAtha bhadradhyAna kA svarUpa vizeSa rUpa se pradarzita kiyA hai| phira ArtadhyAna, raudradhyAna, dharmyadhyAna aura zukladhyAna ke bhedoM kA varNana karate hue dhyAtA, dhyeya aura dhyAna kA phala prarUpita kiyA hai| isameM hI vizeSa rUpa se eka zUnya dhyAna kA varNana kiyA hai jo bilkula zukla dhyAna kI hI taraha nirvikalpaka batAyA hai, jo anya kisI AcArya ke dvArA prarUpita nahIM kiyA gyaa| jisameM dhyAna, dhyeya aura dhyAtA kA vikalpa nahIM hai, kisI bhI prakAra kA cintana aura dhAraNA kA vikalpa nahIM hai vaha zUnya dhyAna hai| zUnyatA aura zuddhabhAva meM koI antara nahIM hai| yahAM zUnya dhyAna se tAtparya nirvikalpaka samAdhi hai| dhyAnoM ko guNasthAnoM ke anurUpa hI varNita kiyA hai| Arta dhyAna aura raudra dhyAna tiryaMca evaM naraka gati kA kAraNa hone se heya haiN| bhadra dhyAna aura dharmya dhyAna svargAdi kI prApti evaM paramparA se mokSa kA kAraNa hone se tAtkAlika upAdeya haiM aura zukla dhyAna sAkSAt mokSa kA kAraNa hone se parama upAdeya hai, kyoMki zukla dhyAna, dhyAna kI sarvocca koTi hai| dhyeya rUpa paMca parameSThiyoM kA varNana karate hue TIkAkAra ne AcArya parameSThI ke bhinna 36 mUlaguNoM kA varNana kiyA hai| dAna ke sandarbha meM AcArya ne cAra adhikAroM kA varNana bar3I sundaratA se kiyA hai- dAtA, pAtra, dene yogya dravya aura dene kI vidhi| AcArya ne pAtra ke do vizeSa bheda kiye haiM- vedamaya pAtra aura tapomaya paatr| yahA~ veda se tAtparya siddhAnta-zAstra hai| isake pazcAt pAtradAna kA phala aura
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________________ anekAnta 68/1, janavarI-mArca, 2015 mahattva, kupAtroM ko dAna kA phala, nahIM dene yogya dravya aura AhAra dAna meM hI cAroM dAnoM ko garbhita karate hue acchI prakAra se AhAra dAna ke mahattva kA varNana kiyA hai| apane dravya ko kisa prakAra sadupayoga meM lagAnA cAhiye, isakA bhI upadeza diyA / puNyAsrava ke mukhya kAraNoM meM jinapUjA kA vizeSa varNana karate hue AcArya devasena svAmI ne pUjA kI vidhi, pUjA ke yantra kI vidhi, pUjA ke phala kA vizada rUpa se prarUpaNa kiyA hai| isa prakAra se pUjA kI vidhi anya kisI AcArya ne varNita nahIM kI hai| saMkSepa se zrAvakoM ke aSTa mUlaguNa aura aNuvrata sahita bAraha vratoM kA bhI varNana kiyA hai| zikSAvrata ke bhedoM meM sallekhanA ko bhI grahaNa kiyA hai| bhArata dharmanirapekSa deza hone ke kAraNa vibhinna dharma, darzana aura sampradAyoM kA samUha hai| pratyeka darzana ke siddhAnta pRthak-pRthak haiN| samasta dArzanikoM athavA mata pravartakoM kA mukhiyA AdibrahmA bhagavAn RSabhadeva kA mahAmohI aura mithyAtvI pautra marIci pUrvAcAryoM ke dvArA pratipAdita kiyA gayA hai| usane aise vicitra darzana kA pravartana kiyA ki jisase kucha siddhAntoM ke parivartana se aneka matoM kA pravartana ho gyaa| AcArya devasena svAmI ke anusAra marIci sabhI matoM kA sAkSAt praNetA nahIM hai, una matoM meM kucha utAra-car3hAva hote rahe aura vibhinna mata pracalita ho gye| inameM siddhAntoM kA bIja marIci kA hI hai aura ye sabhI ekAnta ko puSTa karane vAle hone se sadoSa khlaaye| ataH jainAcAryoM ne syAdvAda se ina sabhI matoM kI samIkSA kii| zvetAmbara sampradAya ke anusAra marIci sAMkhya aura yoga kA prarUpaka hai, jabaki sAMkhya ke praNetA kapila aura yoga ke praNetA pataMjali haiM, jo RSabhadeva ke to kAphI varSoM bAda utpanna hue haiN| una ekapakSI mithyAtvI matoM ko AcArya devasena svAmI ne bhI pAMca bhedoM meM vibhakta kiyA hai| viparIta, ekAnta, vinaya, saMzaya aura ajnyaan| ina pAMcoM ke pUrvapakSa ko prastuta karake unakI samyak samIkSA kI hai| ina matoM kI utpatti, utpattikartA, unakA pAlana karane kA phala aura unakI saMkSepa meM samIkSA acchI prakAra se kI hai| isI ke antargata jaina sampradAya pracalita vibhinna saMghoM kA svarUpa bhI prarUpita kiyA hai| unameM pracalita paramparAoM kA bhI vizeSa rUpa se varNana kiyA hai| digambara saMgha se kASThAsaMgha, dravir3asaMgha, mAthurasaMgha Adi saMghoM kI
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________________ anekAnta 68/1, janavarI-mArca, 2015 53 utpatti huii| ina saMghoM ke sAdhu yadyapi ekAnta - acela muktivAdI the, tathApi inhoMne apane siddhAntoM meM kucha aisA parivartana kara liyA ki inheM jainAbhAsa ghoSita kara diyA gyaa| digambara mata ke siddhAnta ko mAnane ke kAraNa yApanIya saMgha ko kathaJcit digambara saMgha kA bheda bhI kaha sakate haiN| isI saMdarbha meM zrAddhoM ko piNDadAna denA, gomAMsa bhakSaNa, goyoni vandanA Adi kA tarkayukta samIkSaNa karake inako viparIta mithyAtva ke antargata varNita kiyA hai| AcArya devasena svAmI ne zvetAmbara mata ko saMzaya mithyAtvI kahate hue unake sagrantha liMga se mokSaprApti, strImukti aura kevalIbhukti ko aura anya mAnyatAoM ko yukti saMgata tarkoM dvArA khaNDana karake samIkSA kI hai| maskarIpUraNa ko ajJAna mithyAtvI batAte hue usake siddhAntoM kA bhI samIkSAtmaka khaNDana kiyA hai| AcArya ne viparIta mithyAtva ke antargata tIrthajala snAna se Atmazuddhi, mAMsa bhakSaNa ko dharma aura mAMsa bhakSaNa karAne se pitaroM ko tRpti tathA goyoni vaMdanA ko varNita karake unameM vyApta doSoM kA nirAkaraNa karake ina mithyAtvoM ko dUra karane kA upadeza diyaa| ina viparIta mAnyatAoM meM Azcarya prakaTa karate hu AcArya kahate haiM ki inake mAnane vAle bhrAntimaya tarkoM ko prastuta karake svayameva pApa kA baMdha karate haiM aura anya logoM ko bhI bhramita karate haiN| bhAratavarSa hamezA se samasta vizva kA AdhyAtmika guru mAnA gayA hai| ataH isakA prAcIna nAma vizvaguru hai| vizva ke prAcIna likhita graMtha veda aura upaniSada meM paryApta AdhyAtmika viSaya varNita hai| jainAcAryoM ne bhI prArambha se hI AdhyAtmika vivecana kiyA hai| AcArya devasena svAmI ne jinAgama ke pratyeka viSaya ko chuA hai, ataH adhyAtma se dUra kaise raha sakate the, isaliye unhoMne bahudhA adhyAtmaparaka cintana ko bhI vyakta kiyA, isIkAraNa se unhoMne apane sabhI granthoM meM bhagavAn mahAvIra ko maMgalAcaraNa meM namaskAra kiyA hai, parantu unhoMne apane AdhyAtmika graMtha tattvasAra meM siddha paramAtmA ko hI namaskAra kiyA hai| AcArya devasena svAmI kahate haiM ki tattva kA sAmAnya rUpa se Azaya yaha hai ki padArtha jisa rUpa meM hotA hai usakA usa rUpa honA hI tattva kahalAtA hai| sAmAnya se padArthoM ke svabhAvagata tattvoM kI gaNanA karanA cAheM to ve asaMkhyAta lokapramANa bheda haiN| bhedagata dRSTi se to tattva sAta hI hote haiN| unakA kahanA hai ki jaba taka
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________________ 54 anekAnta 68/1, janavarI-mArca, 2015 tattvajJAna nahIM hogA, taba taka tattvadRSTi nahIM bana sktii| vaha tattvajJAna sadzAstroM ke adhyayana, manana, cintana se hI saMbhava ho sakatA hai, kyoMki binA tattvajJAna ke AtmakalyANa honA asaMbhava hai| AcArya devasena svAmI ne tattva ke bhinna prakAra se do bheda kiye haiN| svagata tattva tathA paragata tttv| unake anusAra svagata tattva nijAtmA aura paragata tattva sabhI jIvoM ke AzrayabhUta paMca parameSThI haiN| ina paMca parameSThI ke citavana karane se kisa prakAra ke phala kI prApti hotI hai, to AcArya devasena svAmI kahate haiM kiuna paMca parameSThiyoM ke vAcaka akSara rUpa maMtroM kA dhyAna karane vAle bhavya jIva bahuta puNya kA arjana karate haiM aura unako paramparA se mokSa kI prApti hotI hai| AcArya devasena svAmI ne isameM AtmA ko vibhinna upamAoM se alaMkRta kiyA hai| zuddhAtma tattva kI prApti kA upAya, parama lakSya zuddhAtmA siddha parameSThI kA svarUpa bhI atyanta sundaratA se varNita kiyA hai| anta meM anya darzanoM meM Atmatattva kA vivecana ko prastuta karake jainadarzana meM varNita AtmA kA maNDana kiyA hai| zramaNa paramparA meM do dharmoM kA nirUpaNa kiyA hai| munidharma aura shraavkdhrm| jo zithilAcArI sAdhu apane zithilAcAra ko chupAne ke lie vibhinna kalpanAoM kI racanA karate haiM aura kahate haiM ki hama to sthavirakalpI haiM, isalie hamako kaMbala, daNDa, vastra, sonA Adi rakhane meM koI doSa nahIM hai| jabaki unake pariNAma saMzaya aura mithyAtva Adi se sahita hote haiN| unako phaTakAra lagAte hue AcArya devasena svAmI kahate haiM ki kaMbala Adi rakhanA sthavirakalpa nahIM balki gRhasthakalpa hai, kyoMki ye saba rakhanA to gRhasthoM kA kArya hai| isI sandarbha meM jinakalpI aura sthavirakalpI ke vAstavika svarUpa kA varNana sahajabhAva se kiyA hai| isa prakAra AcArya devasena svAmI ne jainAgama ke pratyeka siddhAntoM ko apanI dArzanika dRSTi se sparza karane kA saphalatama prayatna kiyA hai jo nizcita rUpa se unako dasavIM zatAbdI kA mahAn AcArya dyotita karatA hai| AcArya ne aise kaI viSayoM kA vivecana kiyA hai jo anya kisI bhI AcArya ne varNita nahIM kiye haiN| ye inakI vizeSatA hI hai ki inakA itane sAre viSayoM para samAna adhikAra hai| -upanidezaka, vIra sevA mandira, 21,dariyAgaMja, naI dillI-2
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________________ anekAnta 68/1, janavarI-mArca, 2015 55 jaina vAGmaya meM avadhijJAna ___- pavana kumAra jaina (zodha chAtra) bhAratIya dArzanikoM aura pAzcAtya dArzanikoM ne apane graMthoM meM atIndriyajJAna kI carcA kI hai| jainadarzana meM isake tIna bheda haiM- avadhijJAna, manaHparyayajJAna aura kevljnyaan| unameM se prathama avadhijJAna sIdhA AtmA se hone vAlA jJAna hai| isameM indriya evaM mana ke sahayoga kI AvazyakatA nahIM hotI hai, isIlie yaha pratyakSa jJAna hai| tattvArthasUtra meM indriya evaM mana se hone vAle mati evaM zrutajJAna ko parokSa kI zreNI meM rakhA gayA hai tathA jo jJAna sIdhA AtmA ke dvArA hotA hai use pratyakSa jJAna kahA hai- 'AtmamAtrasApekSaM pratyakSam' avadhijJAna kA ullekha sthAnAMgasUtra, vyAkhyAprajJaptisUtra, prajJApanAsUtra Adi AgamoM meM milatA hai, kiMtu vahA~ para isake svarUpa ke sambandha meM koI spaSTa ullekha nahIM milatA hai| kintu naMdIsUtra meM pratyakSa jJAna ke bhedoM meM avadhijJAna ko sthAna diyA gayA hai| isI se jJAta hotA hai ki avadhijJAna sIdhA AtmA se hone vAlA jJAna hai| 'avadhi' zabda kA prAkRta-arddhamAgadhI rUpa 'ohi' hai| avadhijJAna ke lie prAkRta meM 'ohiNANa' zabda kA prayoga hotA hai| AtmA isa jJAna ke dvArA rUpI padArthoM ko jAnatA hai| isalie ise pratyakSa kahate haiM, lekina sabhI padArthoM ko nahIM jAna pAne ke kAraNa yaha deza pratyakSa hotA hai| 'avadhi' zabda 'ava' aura 'dhi' se milakara banA hai| isameM 'ava' upasarga hai jisake aneka artha hote haiN| yahA~ 'ava' upasarga kA artha nIce-nIce, "dhi' kA artha jaannaa| pUjyapAda, malayagiri Adi AcAryoM ne 'ava' upasarga kA artha adhaH (nIce) kiyA hai| akalaMka ne isako spaSTa kiyA hai ki avadhi kA viSaya nIce kI ora bahuta pramANa meM hotA hai|' malayagiri ne 'adho vistRtaM vastu paricchidyate
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________________ 56 anekAnta 68/1, janavarI-mArca, 2015 anena iti' aisI vyatpatti dI hai| isakA yaha artha ki nIce (adho) ko vistRta rUpa se jo jAnatA hai vaha avadhi jJAna hai| yahA~ kahane kA tAtparya yaha hai ki avadhijJAnI adholoka ke rUpI padArthoM ko adhika jAnatA hai, sAtha hI tiryak loka aura Urdhvaloka ke sAre rUpI padArthoM ko bhI jAnatA hai| haribhadra ne avadhi kA artha viSayajJAna tathA malayagiri ne bhI avadhi zabda kA artha avadhAna karate hue ise artha kA sAkSAtkAra karane vAlA AtmA ke vyApAra ke rUpa meM prayukta kiyA hai| jinabhadra ke mata se avadhAna kA artha maryAdA hai| jinabhadra dvArA kiyA gayA artha jJAnavAcaka hai aura haribhadra aura malayagiri dvArA kiye gaye artha avadhijJAna kI vizeSatA batAte haiN| ___ avadhi zabda kA dUsarA artha maryAdA hai| maryAdA kA artha hotA hai sImA arthAt jisa jJAna kI sImA ho| avadhijJAna kI kyA maryAdA (sImA) hai ? isakA samAdhAna hai ki avadhijJAna mAtra rUpI padArthoM ko hI jAnatA hai, isakA ullekha umAsvAti, jinabhadra, malayagiri Adi AcAryoM ne kiyA hai| pUjyapAda spaSTa karate hue kahate haiM ki rUpa kA artha pudgala dravya ke sAtha saMbandhita jIva samajhanA hai|' avadhijJAna ke dvArA arUpI padArthoM ko nahIM jAnA jAtA hai yahI usakI maryAdA hai| isakA ullekha pUjyapAda, jinabhadragaNi aura malayagiri Adi AcAryoM ne kiyA hai| prazna- jaba mati Adi cAroM jJAna hI maryAdA vAle haiM to isa jJAna ko hI avadhi arthAt maryAdA vAlA jJAna kyoM kahate haiM ? akalaMka isakA samAdhAna karate hue kahate haiM ki jaise gatizIla sabhI padArtha go Adi hai lekina go zabda gAya ke lie hI rUr3ha ho gayA hai vaise hI mati Adi cAra jJAnoM meM isa jJAna ke lie hI avadhi zabda rUr3ha ho gayA hai| dhavalA TIkAkAra ne isa prazna kA samAdhAna karate hue kahA ki avadhi taka cAroM jJAna maryAdita haiM, parantu avadhi ke bAda kevalajJAna amaryAdita hai, aisA batAne ke lie avadhi zabda kA prayoga kiyA gayA hai| dhavalA TIkAkAra ne yahA~ para avadhi ko cauthe jJAna ke rUpa meM
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________________ 57 anekAnta 68/1, janavarI-mArca, 2015 ullikhita kiyA hai| isase pratIta hotA hai ki katipaya prAcIna AcAryoM ne matijJAna, zrutajJAna, mana:paryayajJAna ke bAda avadhijJAna ko rakhA hogaa| dhavalA TIkAkAra ne avadhi kA eka artha AtmA bhI kiyA hai| upAdhyAya yazovijaya ne pUrvAcAryoM ke bhAvoM ko dhyAna meM rakhate hue avadhi kA lakSaNa isa prakAra se kiyA hai ki sakala rUpI dravyoM kA jAnane vAlA aura sirpha AtmA se utpanna hone vAlA jJAna avadhi jJAna kahalAtA hai|" avadhijJAna kI paribhASA : 1. SaTkhaNDAgama ke anusAra - nIce ke viSaya ko dhAraNa karane vAlA hone se avadhi kahalAtA hai athavA nIce gaurava dharmavAlA hone se, pudgala kI avAg saMjJA hai, use jo dhAraNa karatA hai arthAt jAnatA hai, vaha avadhi hai aura avadhi rUpa hI jJAna avadhijJAna hai athavA avadhi kA artha maryAdA hai, avadhi ke sAtha vidyamAna jJAna avadhijJAna hai| yaha avadhijJAna mUrta padArtha ko hI jAnatA hai kyoMki rUpiSvadhe:12 aisA sUtra vacana hai|13 SaTakhaNDAgama pustaka 6 meM bhI yahI paribhASA dete hue vahA~ itanA vizeSa batAyA hai ki avadhi nAma maryAdA kA hai, isalie dravya, jIva, kAla aura bhAva kI apekSA viSaya saMbandhI maryAdA ke jJAna ko avadhi kahate haiN| 4 avadhijJAna ke isa svarUpa kI puSTi kaSAyapAhuDa,5 tattvArthavArtika,16 SaTakhaNDAgama,17 se hotI hai| karmaprakRti meM abhayacandra ne bhI lagabhaga avadhijJAna kA aisA hI svarUpa pratipAdita kiyA hai| paMcasaMgraha meM bhI aisA hI ullekha milatA hai, lekina vahA~ maryAdA ke sthAna para sImA zabda kA prayoga kiyA gayA hai| gommaTasAra meM paMcasaMgraha ke samAna hI paribhASA dI gaI hai|20 2. pUjyapAda ke anusAra- adhikatara nIce ke viSaya ko jAnane vAlA hone se yA parimita viSaya vAlA hone se avadhi kahalAtA hai| 3. jinabhadragaNi ke anusAra- jo avadhAna se jAnatA hai, vaha avadhijJAna hai| aMgula ke asaMkhyeya bhAga kSetra ko jAnane vAlA avadhi jJAnI AvalikA ke asaMkhyeya bhAga taka jAnatA hai| isa prakAra jo paraspara niyamita dravya,kSetra,kAla Adi ko jAnatA hai, vaha avadhijJAna hai|
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________________ anekAnta 68/1, janavarI-mArca, 2015 yadi avyaya ko maryAdA vAcaka ke rUpa meM prayukta karate haiM to isake anusAra itane kSetra meM, itane dravyoM ko, itane kAla taka jAnane yogya dravyoM ko jAnatA hai aura itanA kAla, itanA dravya, jAnane vAlA jAnatA hai| isa upacAra se jJAna ko maryAdA kahA hai kyoMki vaha avadhi jJAna dravyAdi Upara ke anusAra avadhi se aisI maryAdA se paraspara niyamita rUpa se jAnatA hai|23 naMdIcUrNi meM jinadAsagaNa 24 ne aura malayagiri25 ne naMdIvRtti bhI aisA hI ullekha kiyA hai| 58 4. akalaMka ke kathAnusAra- 'ava' pUrvaka 'dhA' dhAtu se avadhi zabda banatA hai 'ava' zabda 'adha' vAcI hai jaise adhaHkSepaNa ko avakSepaNa kahate haiM, avadhijJAna bhI nIce kI ora bahuta padArthoM ko viSaya karatA hai athavA avadhi zabda maryAdArthaka hai arthAt dravya kSetrAdi kI maryAdA se sImita jJAna avadhi jJAna hai| yadyapi kevalajJAna ke sivAya sabhI jJAna sImita hai phira bhI rUr3hivaza avadhijJAna ko hI sImita jJAna kahate haiM jaise gatizIla sabhI padArtha haiM phira bhI gAya ko rUr3hivaza gaura ( gacchatIti gau: ) kahA jAtA hai | 26 5. AcArya nemicandra ke vacanAnusAra - viziSTa avadhijJAnAvaraNa karma ke kSayopazama se mana ke sAnidhya meM jo sUkSma pudgaloM ko jAnatA hai, sva aura para ke pUrva janmAMtaroM ko tathA bhaviSya ke janmAMtaroM ko jAnatA hai vaha avadhijJAna hai| 27 6. vAdidevasUri ke anusAra avadhijJAnAvaraNa karma ke kSayopazama ke utpanna hone vAlA bhavapratyaya aura guNapratyaya, rUpI dravyoM ko jAnane vAlA jJAna avadhijJAna kahalAtA hai | 28 avadhijJAna ke prakAra : prajJApanAsUtra" umAsvAti" naMdIsUtra " pUjyapAda " akalaMka" amRtacandra paMcasaMgraha" yogIndudeva " Adi AcAryoM aura graMthoM meM avadhijJAna ke mukhya rUpa se do bheda kie haiM- 1. bhavapratyaya, 2. kSAyopazamika / bhavapratyaya avadhijJAna devatA aura nArakI ko evaM kSAyopazamika avadhijJAna manuSya aura tiryaMca ko hotA hai| AcArya bhUtabali,' AcArya guNadhara, 37 AcArya puSpadaMta," AcArya
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________________ anekAnta 68/1, janavarI-mArca, 2015 nemicandra, aura AcArya vAdidevasUri Adi AcAryoM ne mukhya rUpa se avadhijJAna ke do bheda kie haiM- bhavapratyaya ora guNapratyaya evaM unake svAmiyoM kA kathana uparyuktAnusAra kiyA hai| sArAMza yaha hai ki upuryakta varNana ke AdhAra para avadhijJAna ke tIna bheda prApta hote haiM- 1. bhavapratyaya, 2. kSAyopazamika aura 3. gunnprtyy| parantu uparyukta AgamoM aura graMthoM meM kSAyopazamika aura guNapratyaya avadhi jJAna, ye donoM prakAra eka hI haiN| AcArya bhadrabAhu,2 aura AcArya puSpadaMta ke anusAra avadhijJAna ke asaMkhya prakAra haiN| jinabhadra ne vizeSAvazyakabhASya meM spaSTa rUpa se kahA hai ki viSayabhUta kSetra aura kAla kI apekSA se avadhijJAna ke sabhI bheda milAkara saMkhyAtIta (asaMkhyAta) haiM aura dravya aura bhAva kI apekSA se avadhijJAna ke anaMta bheda hote haiN|4 avadhijJAna ke jJeyapane ke niyama se jitanA avadhijJAna kA viSayabhUta utkRSTa kSetra, pradeza aura utkRSTa kAla ke samaya ke pariNAma hai, itanA hI avadhijJAna ke bhedoM kA pariNAma hai| phira saMkhyAtIta arthAt anaMta isa prakAra avadhijJAna ke anaMta bheda haiN| unameM se kucha bheda to bhavapratyayika aura kucha bheda kSAyopazamikapratyayika hai| isalie mukhya rUpa se avadhijJAna ke uparyukta do hI bheda haiN| ina do bhedoM ko samagra jaina paramparA svIkAra karatI hai| bhavapratyaya avadhijJAna kA svarUpa : vizeSAvazyakabhASya ke anasAra- jisa prakAra pakSiyoM dvArA AkAza meM ur3ane kI zakti meM bhava (janma) kAraNa hai usI prakAra se nArakI aura devatA meM avadhijJAna kA hetu bhava (janma) hai, isalie isa avadhijJAna ko bhavapratyayika avadhijJAna kahate haiN|47 bhava arthAt Ayu aura nAmakarma ke udaya kA nimitta pAkara jIva kI jo paryAya hotI hai use bhava kahate haiN|48 bhava ke nimitta se avadhijJAnAvaraNa kA kSayopazama hone se jo jJAna utpanna hotA hai use bhavapratyaya avadhijJAna kahate haiM kyoMki karmoM ke udaya se dravyAdi cAroM meM prabhAva to hotA hI hai| aisA hI ullekha puSpadaMta,49 akalaMka, aura malayagiri Adi AcAryoM ne bhI kiyA hai| bhavapratyaya meM prayukta pratyaya
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________________ anekAnta 68/1, janavarI-mArca, 2015 zabda 'kAraNa' (nimitta) artha meM prayukta huA hai| avadhijJAna kSAyopazamika bhAva aura narakAdi bhava audayika bhAva hai| paraspara viruddha hone se narakAdi bhava avadhijJAna kA hetu kaise ho sakatA hai? vAstava meM to nArakI aura devatA ke bhI avadhijJAna kSayopazama ke nimitta se hotA hai, parantu nArakI aura deva ke bhava meM avadhijJAnAvaraNa kA kSayopazama niyama se hotA hai, isalie nArakI ora devatA ke avadhijJAna ko bhavapratyayika avadhijJAna kahate haiN| isalie bhavapratyaya avadhijJAna meM bhI kSayopazama mukhya kAraNa hai| akalaMka ne bhavapratyaya meM bhava ko bAhya kAraNa svIkAra kiyA hai| 4 sArAMza rUpa meM hama kaha sakate haiM ki karmoM kA jo kSaya, kSayopazama aura upazama hotA hai vaha dravya, kSetra, kAla, bhava aura bhAva rUpa pAMca prakAra kA hotA hai| isalie nArakI aura devatA ke bhava kA nimitta milane para jIva ke avadhijJAnAvaraNIya karma kA avazya kSayopazama hotA hai aura bhava ke nimitta se hI kSayopazama hotA hai isalie ise bhavapratyayika avadhijJAna kahate haiN| guNapratyaya (kSAyopazamikapratyaya) avadhijJAna kA svarUpa : vizeSAvazyakabhASya ke anusAra tapa Adi vizeSa guNoM ke pariNAma se utpanna huA avadhijJAna kSayopazama pratyAyika kahalAtA hai| yaha jJAna saMjJI tiryaMca paMcendriya aura manuSya meM hotA hai| naMdIsUtra ke mUla pATha meM AyA hai 'ko heU khAovasamiyaM?' arthAt kSAyopazamika avadhijJAna kA hetu kyA hai? isakA uttara dete hue guru kahate haiM ki avadhijJAnAvaraNIya karma ke udayagata karmadalikoM kA kSaya hone se tathA anudita karmadalikoM kA upazama hone se jo jJAna utpanna hotA hai vaha kSAyopazamika avadhijJAna kahalAtA hai| arthAt avadhijJAnAvaraNIya karma ke udayAvalikA meM praviSTa aMza kA vedana hokara pRthak ho jAnA kSaya hai aura jo udayAvasthA ko prApta nahIM hai, usake vipAkodaya ko dUra kara denA (sthagita kara denA) upazama kahalAtA hai| jise avadhijJAna kA kSayopazama hI mukhya kAraNa ho, vaha kSayopazama pratyaya yA kSAyopazamika-pratyaya avadhijJAna kahalAtA hai|
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________________ anekAnta 68/1, janavarI-mArca, 2015 pUjyapAda aura akalaMka ke anusAra manuSyoM aura tiryaMcoM meM avadhijJAna kI prApti meM kSayopazama hI nimitta bhUta hai bhava nahIM, isalie ise kSAyopazamika avadhijJAna kahate hai| samyaktva se adhiSThita aNuvrata aura mahAvrata guNa jisa avadhijJAna ke kAraNa haiM vaha guNapratyaya avadhijJAna hai| guNapratyaya avadhijJAna zaMkha Adi cinhoM se utpanna hotA hai| arthAt nAbhi se Upara zaMkha, padya, vajra, svAstika, maccha, kalaza Adi zubha cinhoM se yukta Atma pradezoM meM sthita avadhijJAnAvaraNa aura vIryAntarAya karmoM ke kSayopazama se utpanna hotA hai| guNapratyaya avadhijJAna asaMyamI samyagdRSTi ke samyagdarzana guNa ke nimitta se aura saMyatAsaMyata ke saMyamAsaMyama (deza saMyama) guNapUrvaka tathA saMyata ke saMyama guNa ke hone se hotA hai| naMdIcUrNikAra ne kSayopazama ke do artha kie haiM- guNa ke binA hone vAlA aura guNa kI pratipatti se hone vAlA kssyopshm|63 guNa ke binA hone vAle kSayopazama se utpanna avadhijJAna ke lie cUrNikAra ne dRSTAMta diyA ki AkAza bAdaloM se DhakA ho, lekina havA Adi se bIca meM eka chidra ho gayA, usa chidra meM se sahaja rUpa se sUrya kI kiraNe nikalatI haiM aura usase dravya (vastu) prakAzita hotA hai| vaise hI avadhijJAnAvaraNa kA kSayopazama hone se sahaja hI avadhijJAna kI prApti hotI hai, vaha guNa ke binA hone vAlA kSayopazama hai| kSayopazama kA dUsarA artha hai guNa kI pratipatti se hone vaalaa| kSayopazama arthAt uttarottara cAritra guNa kI vizuddhi hone se avadhijJAnAvaraNa kA kSayopazama hone se jo avadhijJAna utpanna hotA hai vaha guNa pratipanna avadhijJAna hai yahA~ guNa zabda cAritra kA dyotaka hai arthAt guNapratyaya avadhijJAna ke lie mUlaguNa kAraNabhUta hai, isakA samarthana dhavalATIkA,66 jinabhadrANi, haribhadra,68 malayagiri ne kiyA hai| mUlaguNa paryApta manuSya aura tiryaMca ke hI hote haiM, aparyApta manuSya aura tiryaca ke nhiiN|" uparyukta varNana se spaSTa hotA hai ki guNapratyaya avadhijJAna meM guNa zabda samyaktva se yukta aNuvrata aura mahAvratoM ko darzAne ke lie prayukta hotA hai| yadi hama kSayopazamika avadhijJAna kA prayoga karate haiM
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________________ 62 anekAnta 68 /1, janavarI-mArca, 2015 to samyagdRSTi aura mithyAdRSTi ke vibhaMgajJAna ( avadhiajJAna) hotA hai| isa apekSA se kSAyopazamika avadhijJAna vyApaka hai jabaki guNaprayaya avadhijJAna meM guNa zabda samyaktva se yukta aNuvrata aura mahAvrata jisake hote haiM aura unake nimitta se jo avadhijJAnAvaraNa kA kSayopazama hotA hai vaha guNapratyaya avadhijJAna hai| isameM samyagdRSTi ke utpanna avadhijJAna kA hI grahaNa kiyA gayA hai| mithyAdRSTi ke jo vibhaMgajJAna hotA hai usakA grahaNa nahIM kiyA gayA hai| prazna- kyA mithyAdRSTi se samyagdRSTi hone para avadhi meM kucha aMtara ho sakatA hai ? uttara- bhavapratyaya avadhijJAna meM saMklizamAna aura asaMklizamAna bheda nahIM hai| jaise raMgIna kAMca aura aura sapheda pAradarzI kAMca se dekhane meM aMtara hotA hai, vaise hI pahale mithyAdRSTi thA, taba raMgIna kAMca se dekhatA thaa| arthAt aspaSTa (ayathArtha) dekhatA thA aura samyagdRSTi hone ke bAda pAradarzI kAMca se dekhatA hai arthAt spaSTa (yathArtha) dekhatA hai| mithyAdRSTi se samyagdRSTi hone para dravyoM kI vRddhi nahIM hotI, lekina paryAya meM vRddhi hogI, kyoMki sahI arthAt spaSTa (yathArtha) dekhane lagA hai| avadhijJAna ke anya prakAra / guNapratyaya ke prakAra : AgamoM meM prApta prakAra - bhagavatIsUtra meM Adho'vadhika aura paramovadhika kA ullekha hai| vahA~ chadmastha kI Adhovadhika se aura kevalI kI paramovadhika se tulanA kI hai| jaise ki chadmastha jIva paramANu pudgala Adi ko pramANa se jAnatA aura dekhatA hai utane hI pramANa meM Adhovadhika jAnatA aura dekhatA hai evaM jo paramAvadhika jAnatA hai vahI kevalI jAnatA dekhatA hai|" isa tathya ke AdhAra se aisA samajhA jA sakatA hai ki prAcIna kAla meM avadhi jJAna ke do bheda theAdho'vadhika (sAmAnya avadhijJAnI) aura prmovdhik| prajJApanAsUtra ke tetIsaveM avadhipada meM varNita sAta dvAroM ke AdhAra para avadhijJAna ke caudaha bheda prApta hote haiN| 1. bhavapratyaya, 2. guNapratyaya, 3. AbhyaMtara, 4. bAhya, 5. dezAvadhi, 6. sarvAvadhi, 7. anugAmI,
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________________ anekAnta 68/1, janavarI-mArca, 2015 8. ananugAmI, 9. varddhamAna, 10. hIyamAna, 11 pratipAtI, 12 apratipAtI, 13. avasthita, evaM 14. anvsthit| 72 63 1. niryukti ke anusAra avadhijJAna- Avazyakaniryukti aura vizeSAvazyakabhASyakAra ne avadhijJAna ke kSetra evaM kAla kI apekSA asaMkhyAta bheda aura dravya evaM bhAva kI apekSA se anaMta bheda svIkAra kiye haiN| sabhI bheda ko kahane meM asamarthatA batAte hue caudaha prakAra ke nikSepa aura Rddhi kA varNana kiyA hai|" isa apekSA se avadhijJAna ke caudaha bheda haiM- 1. avadhi, 2. kSetraparimANa, 3. saMsthAna, 4. AnugAmika, 5.avasthita, 6. cala, 7. tIvramaMda, 8. pratipAti - utpAda, 9. jJAna, 10. darzana, 11. vibhaMga, 12. deza, 13. kSetra aura 14. gati / 74 2. SaTkhaNDAgama ke anusAra- 1. dezAvadhi, 2. paramAvadhi, 3. sarvAvadhi, 4. hIyamAna, 5. varddhamAna, 6. avasthita, 7. anavasthita, 8. anugAmI, 9. ananugAmI, 10. sapratipAti, 11. apratipAti, 12. eka kSetrAvadhi aura 13. aneka kSetrAvadhi bheda haiN| ina bhedoM meM niryuktigata avadhi, saMsthAna, jJAna, darzana, vibhaMga, deza ora gati kucheka bheda svIkAra nahIM kie haiN| naMdIsUtra aura tattvArthasUtra meM bhI aisA hI varNana milatA hai| / SaTkhaNDAgamakAra ne niryuktigata prakAra batAte hue dezAvadhi, paramAvadhi, sarvAvadhi ye tIna prakAra naye batAye haiN| niryukti meM AnugAmika - anAnugAmika aise vyavasthita bheda nahIM hai, jisameM SaTkhaNDAgama meM prathama tIna prakAra kA eka vibhAga aura bAda meM zeSa rahe dasa prakAra do-do ke jor3e rUpa pAMca yugma svataMtra bheda rUpa meM prApta hote haiN| niryukti meM AnugAmika, anAnugAmika aura inakA mizra, isI prakAra pratipAti, apratipAti Adi aura inakA mizra bheda nirUpita hai| yahA~ jo mizra rUpa bheda batAyA hai| 75 yaha mizra bheda SaTkhaNDAgama meM nahIM hai| isa antara kA artha yaha bhI ho sakatA hai ki SaTkhaNDAgama ke kAla meM avadhijJAna ke prakAroM ko vyavasthita karane kA aura binA AvazyakatA ke bhedoM ko nikAlane kA prayAsa huA hogaa| AcArya guNadhara" ke anusAra viSaya kI pradhAnatA se avadhijJAna tIna prakAra kA hotA hai- dezAvadhi, paramAvadhi aura sarvAvadhi / jisameM se bhavapratyaya avadhijJAna dezAvadhi aura guNapratyaya avadhijJAna tInoM prakAra
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________________ anekAnta 68/1, janavarI-mArca, 2015 kA hotA hai| varddhamAna, hIyamAna, avasthita, anavasthita, anugAmI, ananugAmI, pratipAtI, apratipAtI, ekakSetra aura anekakSetra, ye dasa bheda hote haiN| dasa bheda meM se bhavapratyaya avadhijJAna meM avasthita, anavasthita, anugAmI, ananugAmI aura anekakSetra ye pAMca bheda, guNapratyaya avadhijJAna meM dasoM bheda, dezAvadhi meM dasoM bheda, paramAvadhi meM hIyamAna, pratipAtI aura eka kSetra inako choDakara zeSa sAta bheda aura sarvAvadhi meM anugAmI, ananugAmI, avasthita, apratipAtI aura anekakSetra, ye pAMca bheda pAye jAte haiN| 3. naMdIsUtra ke anusAra- naMdIsUtra meM avadhijJAna ke chaha bheda hI milate haiM- 1. AnugAmika, 2. anAnugAmika, 3. vardhamAna, 4. hIyamAna, 5. pratipAti aura 6. aprtipaati|| naMdIsUtra meM ''ahavA guNapaDivaNNassa aNagArassa ohiNANaM samupajjai...." yaha mUla pATha AyA hai| guNa kA saMbandha mUlaguNa aura uttara guNa se hai| "paDivaNNassa aNagArassa" yaha zabda anya kA niSedhaka nahIM hai, kintu yahA~ jo guNapratyaya avadhijJAna ke chaha bhedoM kA varNana kiyA hai, vaha anagAra kI apekSA se hI hai| kyoMki anya kA avadhijJAna apratipAti nahIM hotA hai arthAt apratipAti avadhijJAna anagAra ko hI hotA hai| 4. tattvArthasUtra ke anusAra- umAsvAti ke tattvArthasUtra meM avadhijJAna ke chaha bheda prApta hote hai- 1. anugAmI, 2. ananugAmI, 3. vardhamAna, 4. hIyamAna, 5. avasthita aura 6. anvsthit|" pUjyapAda, vidyAnaMda, AcArya nemicandra,80 amRtacandra, paMcasaMgraha 2 meM bhI mukhya rUpa se avadhijJAna ke upuryakta chaha bheda hI prApta hote haiN| naMdIsUtra aura tattvArtha sUtra meM prathama cAra bheda samAna haiM, lekina aMtima do bhedoM meM aMtara hai| naMdI meM pratipAtI, apratipAtI aura tattvArtha sUtra meM avasthita, anavasthita bheda haiN| lekina eka apekSA se vicAra kareM to avasthita apratipAtI meM aura anavasthita kA samAveza pratipAtI meM ho jAtA hai| akalaMka ke tattvArthasUtra ke chaha bhedoM kA ullekha karake naMdIsUtra
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________________ anekAnta 68/1, janavarI-mArca, 2015 meM varNita pratipAtI, apratipAtI ina do bhedoM kA bhI ullekha dezAvadhi ke ATha bhedoM meM kiyA hai| tattvArthavArtika ke anusAra avadhijJAna ke tIna bheda- dezAvadhi, paramAvadhi, sarvAvadhi hai| jinameM dezAvadhi ke vardhamAna, hIyamAna, avasthita, anavasthita, ananugAmI, apratipAtI, pratipAtI ye ATha bheda hote haiN| paramAvadhi ke hIyamAna aura pratipAtI ko chor3akara zeSa chaha bheda pAye jAte haiN| sarvAvadhi ke avasthita, anugAmika, ananugAmika aura apratipAtI ye cAra bheda hote haiN| akalaMka ne Age varNana karate hue kahA hai ki paramAvadhi, sarvAvadhi se dravya, kSetra, kAla aura bhAva kI dRSTi se nyUna hai| isalie paramAvadhi bhI vAstava meM dezAvadhi hai| akalaMka ne SaTkhaNDAgama meM varNita ekakSetra aura anekakSetra, ina do bhedoM kA ullekha nahIM kiyA hai| vidyAnaMda ne pratipAtI aura pratipAtI ina do bhedoM ko tattvArtha sUtra ke chaha bhedoM meM ullikhita kiyA hai|' isa prakAra samaya ke vyatIta hone para jainAcAryoM ne avadhijJAna ke bhedoM ko vyavasthita kiyA hai tathA aMta meM naMdI sUtra meM varNita chaha bhedoM ko hI mAnya kiyA hai| uparyukta varNita sAre bheda guNapratyaya avadhijJAna ke hI pratIta hote haiN| isako spasTa karane ke lie AvazyakaniyuktikAra aura vizeSAvazyakabhASyakAra ne kSetra parimANa, saMsthAna, AnugAmika, anAnugAmika, avasthita aura deza dvAra meM kiye varNana ko guNapratyaya (manuSya aura tiryaMca kI apekSA) meM rakhA hai| SaTkhaNDAgama meM guNapratyaya ke bAda dezAvadhi Adi tareha prakAra batAe haiN| isase aisA pratIta hotA hai ki ye bheda guNapratyaya ke haiN| AcArya nemicandra aura amRtacandra kA bhI aisA hI mAnanA hai| lekina dhavalATIkAkAra ne yaha spaSTa kiyA hai ki yaha avadhijJAna ke sAmAnya rUpa se bheda haiM kyoMki avasthita, anavasthita, anugAmI, ananugAmI Adi bheda bhavapratyaya jJAna meM bhI ghaTita hote haiN| uparyukta varNana ke AdhAra para yaha niSkarSa nikalatA hai ki Avazyakaniyukti aura SaTkhaNDAgama meM uparyukta bhedoM kA varNana avadhijJAna
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________________ anekAnta 68/1, janavarI-mArca, 2015 ke sAmAnya saMdarbha meM thaa| lekina naMdIsUtra, aura tattvArtha Adi ke kAla meM ina bhedoM ko spaSTa rUpa se guNapratyaya avadhijJAna ke bheda ke rUpa meM svIkAra kara liyA jAnA ucita hI pratIta hotA hai| kyoMki bhavapratyaya kA saMbandha nArakI, devatA se hai jisameM ananugama, pratipAta Adi kA prazna hI upasthita nahIM hotA hai| saMdarbha sUcI : ___ 1. sarvArthasiddhi 1.9, hArIbhadrIya naMdIvRtti, pR.8, malayagiri naMdIvRtti, pR.65, dha valA pR.9, sUtra 4.1.2, pR. 13 2. tattvArtharAjavArtika 1.9.2 ___3. malayagiri, naMdIvRtti, pR. 65 4. vizeSAvazyakabhASya gAthA 82..... hAribhadrIya naMdIvRtti pR. 8 / malayagiri, naMdIvRtti, pR. 65 5. tattvArtha sUtra 1.28, sarvArthasiddhi, 1.27 vizeSAvazyakabhASya gAthA 82, naMdIcUrNi pR. 11,12, haribhadrIya naMdIvRtti pR. 8, malayagiri, naMdIvRtti, pR. 65 aura pR. 71 6. sarvArthasiddhi, bhAratIya jJAnapITha, gyArahavAM saMskaraNa, sana 2002, pR. 1.27 7. vizeSAvazyakabhASya, gAthA 82, sarvArthasiddhi,1.9, tattvArtharAjavArtika ___1.9.3, dhavalA pu. 9, sUtra 4.1.2, malayagiri naMdIvRSi, pR. 65 8. tatvArtharAjavartika, 1.9.3 ___9. dhavalA pu. 9, sUtra 4.1.2 pR. 13 10. dhavalA, pu.9, sUtra 4.1.2, pR. 12 11. jainatarkabhASA, pR. 24 12. tattvArthasUtra, adhyAya 1.27 13. SaTkhaMDAgama, pustaka 13 (dvitIya AvRtti), solApura, jaina saMskRti saMrakSaka saMgha, sana 1993, pR. 210-211 ____14. SaTkhaNDAgama, pustaka 6, pR. 25 __15. kaSAyapAhuDa (jayadhavalA/mahAdhavala) prathama bhAga, caurAsI mathurA (u.pra.) bhAratavarSIya di. jaina saMgha, san 2003, pR. 13 16. tattvArtharAjavArtika,pR. 319 17. SaTakhaNDAgama, pustaka 1, san 1939, pR. 93 18. abhayacandrasiddhAMta cakravartIkRta (DaoN. gokulacandra jaina), karmaprakRti, naI dillI, bhAratIya jJAnapITha prakAzana, pR. 18 19. paMcasaMgraha, kAzI, bhAratIya jJAnapITha, sana 1960, gAthA 123, pR. 26-27 20. AcArya nemicandra siddhAMta cakravartI, gommaTasAra (jIvakAMDa), bhAga-2, san
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________________ anekAnta 68/1, janavarI-mArca, 2015 1997, . 617-618 22. vizeSAvazyakabhASyagAthA 82 21. sarvArthasiddhi, pR. 67 23. vizeSAvazyakabhASya gAthA 82 TIkA kA bhAvArtha 24. naMdIcUrNi, pR. 20 25. malayagiri, naMdIvRtti, pR. 65 26. akalaMka, tattvArtharAjavArtika ( hindIsAra sahita ), naI dillI, bhAratIya jJAnapITha prakAzana, dvitIya AvRtti, san 1944, pR. 293 27. AcArya nemicandra kRta dravyasaMgraha gAthA 5 kI TIkA naM. 12 28. pramANanayatattvaloka, adhyAya 2, sUtra21 30. paM. sukhalAlajI, tatvArthasUtra, pR. 38 32. sarvArthasiddhi, pR. 90 34. tattvArthasAra, pR. 12 36. tattvArthavRtti, pR. 25 37. mahAbaMdha, bhAratIya jJAnapITha, naI dillI, tRtIya saMskaraNa 1998, pR. 1 pR. 24 67 29. yuvAcArya madhukaramuni, pR. 183, 31. yuvAcArya madhukaramuni, pR. 29 33. paMcasaMgraha, pR. 27 35. paMcasaMgraha, pR. 27 38. kaSAyapAhuDa, pR. 15 39. SaTkhaNDAgama, pu. 13, sUtra. 5.5.52, pR. 290 40. gommaTasAra jIvakAMDa bhAga 2, pR. 618 41. pramANanayatattvaloka, 2.21, pR. 22-23 42. Avazyakaniryukti gAthA 25 43. SaTkhaNDAgama, pu. 13 sUtra - 5-5-52, pR. 289 44. vizeSAvazyaka bhASya, gAthA 568 45. vizeSAvazyaka bhASya gAthA 570-571 46. Avazyakaniryukti, gAthA 24, SaTkhaNDAgama, pu. 13, sUtra 5.5.43, tattvArthasUtra, sUtra 1.21 47. vizeSAvazyakabhASya, gAthA 568 kI TIkA pR. 260 48. sarvArthasiddhi, pR. 89 50. tattvArtharAjavArtika 1.21.2 52. sarvArthasiddhi 1.21, pR. 89 54. tattvArtharAjavArtika 1.21.4 49. SaTkhaNDAgama, pustaka 13, sUtra 5.5.52 51. naMdIvRtti, pR. 76 53. vizeSAvazyakabhASya, gAthA 572 - 574 55. tattvArthazlokavArtika, sU. 1.21, pR. 244 56. vizeSAvazyakabhASya gAthA 568 kI TIkA pR. 260 57. yuvAcArya madhukaramuni, naMdIsUtra, pR. 30 58. sarvArthasiddhi, 1.22, pR. 90 59. tattvArtharAjavArtika 1.22.3 60. SaTkhaNDAgama, pR. 13 sUtra 5.5.53, pR. 290-291
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________________ 68 anekAnta 68/1, janavarI-mArca, 2015 61. gommaTasAra jIvakAMDa bhAga 2 pR. 618 62. pramANaparIkSA, vIrasevAmaMdira TrasTa, vArANasI, prathama saMskaraNa 1977, prastAvanA pR. 73 63. naMdIcUrNi pR. 25 64. naMdIcUrNi pR. 25 65. naMdIcUrNi pR. 26 66. dhavalATIkA pu. 13, sUtra 5.5.45, pR. 291 67. vizeSAvazyakabhASya gAthA 568 68. naMdIvRtti pR. 26 69. malayagiri, naMdIvRtti, pR. 81 70. sarvArthasiddhi 1.22, pR. 90 71. yuvAcArya madhukaramuni, bhagavatIsUtra, zataka 18, uddezka 8, pR. 734 72. prajJApanAsUtra pada 33 pR. 183-196 73. Avazyakaniyukti, gAthA 25, vizeSAvazyakabhASya, gAthA 568-569 74. Avazyakaniyukti, gAthA 27-28, vizeSAvazyakabhASya, gAthA 577-578 75. Avazyakaniyukti, gAthA 56, 61 vizeSAvazyakabhASya, gAthA 714, 739 76. kaSAyapAhuDa, pR. 16-17 77. tattvArthasUtra 1.23 78. sarvArthasiddhi 1.22 pR. 90 79. tattvArthazlokavArtika, 1.22 80. gommaTasAra (jIvakAMDa) bhAga 2, pR. 619 81. tattvArthasAra, gAthA 25-27, pR. 12 82. paMcasaMgraha, adhikAra 1, gAthA 124, pR. 27 83. tattvArthadhigamasUtra sUtra 1.23, seTha devacandra lAlabhAI- jaina pustakoddhAra, prathama saMskaraNa na 1926. pa. 99-100 84. tattvArthavArtika, 1.22.5, pR. 56 85. tattvArthavArtika, 1.22.5, pR. 57 86. tattvArthavArtika, 1.22., pR. 245 87. gommaTasAra (jIvakAMDa) bhAga 2, pR. 619 88. tattvArthasAra, gAthA 25-27, pR. 12 89. dhavalA pu. 13, sUtra 5-5-56, pR. 293 - zrI sudharma vidyApITha, esa.bI.bI.je. baiMka ke pAsa, cAMdIhaoNla, jodhapura (rAja.)
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________________ anekAnta 68/1, janavarI-mArca, 2015 ahiMsA sambandhI vyAvahArika samasyAe~, samAdhAna tathA upalabdhiyA~ (jainadarzana ke pariprekhya meM) - DaoN. vaMdanA mehatA 'ahisAma jaise aneka zabda pravRtti dikhalAyI mAvizvAsa, di 'ahiMsA' niSedhAtmaka zabda hai| jainadharma meM isake samAna samatA, sarvabhUtadayA, saMyama jaise aneka zabda ahiMsaka AcaraNa ke lie prayukta haiN| vAstava meM jahA~ bhI rAga-dveSamayI pravRtti dikhalAyI par3egI, vahIM hiMsA kisI na kisI rUpa meM upasthita ho jaayegii| sandeha, avizvAsa, virodha, krUratA aura ghRNA kA parihAra prema, udAratA, aura sahAnubhUti ke binA saMbhava nahIM hai| prakRti aura mAnava donoM kI krUratAoM kA nirAkaraNa saMyama dvArA hI saMbhava hai| isI kAraNa, jainAcAryoM ne tIrtha kA vivecana karate hue kaSAyarahita nirmala saMyama kI pravRtti ko hI dharma kahA hai| yaha saMyama rUpa ahiMsA dharma vaiyaktika aura sAmAjika donoM hI kSetroM meM samatA aura zAnti sthApita kara sakatA hai| isa dharma kA AcaraNa karane para svArtha, vidveSa, sandeha aura avizvAsa ko kahIM bhI sthAna nahIM hai| vyakti aura samAja ke sambandhoM kA pariSkAra bhI saMyama yA ahiMsaka pravRttiyoM dvArA sambhava hai| ahiMsA sambandhI samasyAe~ aura samAdhAna : ___ ahiMsA ke viSaya meM jijJAsuoM kI ora se jahA~ aneka vyartha ke prazna uThAye gaye vahA~ eka Avazyaka aura jIvanta prazna yaha bhI hai ki jainadharma ke anusAra yaha saMsAra aneka choTe-choTe jIva-jaMtuoM se pUrA bharA huA hai| dainika jIvana se sambandhita koI bhI aisI kriyA nahIM hai jisameM hiMsA na hotI ho|' calane-phirane, khAne-pIne evaM bolane Adi sAdhAraNa kriyAoM meM bhI jIvoM kA ghAta hotA hai| isa sthiti meM ahiMsA kI sAdhanA kaise pUrI hogI? kyA hama niSkriya hokara baiTha jAe? gRhastha jIvana aneka parigrahoM se yukta hai, jisameM bahuta se Arambha karane par3ate haiN| ataH ahiMsA kI rakSA vahA~ kaise sambhava hai? / jainAcArya saMsAra se virata avazya the, kintu unhoMne sAmAnya jIvana
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________________ 70 anekAnta 68/1, janavarI-mArca, 2015 se sambandhita ina praznoM kA samAdhAna bhI prastuta kiyA hai| saMsAra meM sabhI prANI apanI-apanI Ayu lekara Ate haiN| nitya marate aura utpanna hote haiN| ataH jIvoM ke marane meM, sAvadhAna vyakti yadi kAraNa hotA hai to vaha hiMsaka nahIM kahA jA sakatA aura na usake aNavratI ahiMsaka hone meM koI doSa jAtA hai| kyoMki usake antas kI bhAvanA pavitra evaM dayA se paripUrNa hai| yahA~ hameM hiMsA-ahiMsA ko bhAvoM para hI AdhArita mAnanA pdd'egaa| yadi aisA na mAneM to eka hI vyakti kA mokSa aura bandha na ho| dazavaikAlikacUrNi meM kahA gayA hai ki kadAcit jIva-vadha ho bhI jAya to bhI vaha pApa se lipta nahIM hotaa| kyoMki sarva prANAtipAta se mukta rahane ke lie vaha sarva prANAtipAta-viramaNa mahAvrata grahaNa karatA hai| usakI rakSA ke lie anya mahAvrata grahaNa karatA hai, indriyoM kA nigraha karatA hai, kaSAyoM ko jItatA hai tathA mana, vacana aura kAyA kA saMyama karatA hai| ahiMsA ke sampUrNa pAlana ke lie Avazyaka sampUrNa niyamoM kA jo isa taraha pAlana karatA hai, usase kadAcit jIva-vadha ho bhI jAya to vaha hiMsA ke pApa se lipta nahIM kahA jA sktaa| jisa prakAra cheda-rahita naukA meM, bhale hI vaha jalarAzi meM cala rahIM ho yA ThaharI huI ho, jala praveza nahIM pAtA usI prakAra saMvRtAtmA zramaNa meM, bhale hI vaha jIvoM se paripUrNa loka meM cala rahA ho yA ThaharA ho, pApa praveza nahIM paataa| jisa prakAra cheda rahita naukA rahate hue bhI DUbatI nahIM aura yatanA se calAne para pAra pahuMcatI hai, vaise hI isa jIva ko loka meM yatanApUrvaka gamana Adi karatA huA saMvRtAtmA bhikSu karma baMdha nahIM karatA aura saMsAra samudra ko pAra karatA hai| zuddha bhAva vAle vyakti ko bhI yadi kevala dravya hiMsA ke kAraNa hiMsaka mAna liyA jAye to eka vyakti bhI isa saMsAra meM ahiMsaka nahIM kahalA pAyegA kyoMki munijana bhI vAyukAyAdi jIvoM ke vadha ke hetu haiN| ataH zubha pariNAmoM ke sAtha saMsAra meM sakriya rahate hue ahiMsA kI sAdhanA kI jA sakatI hai| hiMsA ke sambandha meM vibhinna paristhitiyoM ke anusAra nAnA prakAra kI zaMkAyeM upasthita hotI haiM ki aisI paristhiti meM aisA karane se hiMsA huI yA nhiiN| ina zaMkAoM ke nivAraNa meM amRtacandrasUri (10vIM zatAbdI)
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________________ anekAnta 68/1, janavarI - mArca, 2015 71 dvArA puruSArtha siddhayupAya nAmaka grantha meM kiyA gayA varNana mahattvapUrNa aura jaina dRSTikoNa ko suspaSTa karane vAlA hai| vahA~ nizcaya dRSTi se hiMsA aura ahiMsA kA vyAvahArika antara spaSTa kiyA hai- nizcaya se rAgAdi bhAvoM ko prakaTa na honA arthAt utpatti na honA hI ahiMsA hai aura una rAgAdi bhAvoM kA utpanna honA hI hiMsA hai, yahI jaina siddhAnta kA sAra hai aprAdurbhAvaH khalu rAgAdInAM bhavatyahiMseti / teSAmevotpattihiMseti jinAgamasya saMkSepaH // 44 // - isake sAtha hI puruSArtha siddhayupAya meM yaha bhI kaha diyA hai ki kevala prANa pIr3ana se hiMsA kabhI bhI nahIM hotii| vaha to rAgAdibhAvoM se hI hotI hai aura rAgAdi bhAvoM ke vaza meM pravartanI huI ayatnAcArarUpa pramAda avasthA meM jIva mare athavA na mare hiMsA to nizcita hI lagatI hai / arthAt parajIva ke prANa ko pIr3A na hote hue bhI pramAda ke sadbhAva se hiMsA kahI jAtI hai| yuktAcaraNasya sato rAgAdyAvezamantareNApi / na hI bhavati jAtu hiMsA prANavyaparopaNAdeva // 45 // vyutthAnAvasthAyAM rAgAdinAM vshprvRttaayaam| mriyatAM jIvo mA vA dhAvatyagre dhruvaM hiMsA // 46 // dravyahiMsA aura bhAvahiMsA kI apekSA se nizcaya kara koI jIva hiMsA na karate hue bhI hiMsA ke phala ko bhogane kA pAtra banatA hai aura dUsarA hiMsA karake bhI hiMsA ke phala ko bhogane kA pAtra nahIM hotaa| avidyAyApi hi hiMsA hiMsAphalabhAjanaM bhavatyekaH / kRtvApyaparo hiMsA hiMsAphalabhAjanaM na syAt // 51 // puruSArtha siddhayupAya arthAt- kisI jIva ke bAhya hiMsA to nahIM kI hai; parantu pramAdabhAvarUpa se pariNamana kiyA hai, isa kAraNa vaha jIva udayakAla meM hiMsA ke phala ko bhogatA hai| dUsarA koI jIva hiMsA karake bhI hiMsA ke phala ko bhogane kA pAtra nahIM hotaa| kisI jIva ne zarIra sambandha se bAhya hiMsA to utpanna kI hai, parantu pramAdabhAva rUpa pariNamana nahIM kiyA, ataH vaha jIva hiMsA ke phala kA bhoktA nahIM hotA / gRhastha jIvana parigraha kA
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________________ 72 anekAnta 68/1, janavarI-mArca, 2015 bhaNDAra hai| kintu usakI bhI sImA nirdhArita kI jA sakatI hai| tRSNA ko kama karake yadi Avazyaka aura anivArya vastuoM kA saMgraha kiyA jAye tathA unake upayoga ke samaya santoSa se kAma liyA jAye to hiMsA kA koI kAraNa nahIM dikhtaa| alpa Arambha aura alpa parigraha se saMtuSTa se saMtuSTa vyakti ahiMsaka hai| isase milatA-julatA eka prazna aura uThatA hai- jala meM sthala meM aura AkAza meM saba jagaha jantu hI jantu hai| isa jantumaya jagat meM bhikSu ahiMsaka kaise raha sakatA hai? jale jantuH sthale jaMturAkAze jaMtureva c| jaMtumAlAkule loke kathaM bhikssurhiNsk|| rAjavArtika, 7.13 isa prazna kA bhI samucita samAdhAna prastuta kiyA gayA hai kyoMki jJAnadhyAnaparAyaNa apramatta bhikSu ko mAtra prANaviyoga se hiMsA nahIM hotii| dUsarI bAta yaha hai ki jIva bhI sUkSma va sthUla do prakAra haiN| saMsAra meM jitane sUkSma jIva haiM ve kisI ke dvArA pIr3ita nahIM hote arthAt ve na to kisI se rukate hai, aura na kisI ko rokate haiM, ata: unakI hiMsA nahIM hotii| aura jo sthUla hai unake liya yatnA rakhI jAtI hai| ataH saMyamI vyakti ke ahiMsA vrata pAlana karane meM koI bAdhA nahIM aatii| jIvoM ke marane na marane para koI pApa-puNya nahIM hotaa| vaha to zubha-azubha pariNAmoM evaM bhAvanAoM para AdhArita hai|' saba kAryoM meM bhAvoM kI nirmalatA evaM antas kI pavitratA Avazyaka haiN| yadi bhAvanA ko pradhAnatA na dI jAye to eka hI vyakti dvArA apanI priyatamA aura putroM ke sAtha ke vyavahAra meM koI antara hI na raha jaaye| isI bAta ko dhIvara aura kRSaka kA udAharaNa dekara bhI jainAcAryoM ne spaSTa kiyA hai| prANIghAta kA kArya donoM karate haiN| kintu dhIvara subaha se zAma taka nadI kinAre baiThakara yadi khAlI hAtha bhI ghara vApisa lauTatA hai to vaha hiMsaka hai, jabaki dinabhara meM ananta sthAvara jantuoM kA ghAtakara lauTane vAlA kisAna hiMsaka nahIM kahA jAtA hai| yahA~ donoM ke saMkalpa aura bhAvoM ke antara kI hI vizeSatA hai| ataH aisA koI kAraNa nahIM hai ki gRhastha jIvana meM ahiMsA ko na utArA jA ske| mAnava hara kSaNa aura
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________________ anekAnta 68/1, janavarI-mArca, 2015 hara avasthA meM ahiMsaka raha sakatA hai, usameM manobala aura antas kI nirmalatA caahie| eka aura jvalanta prazna ahiMsA ke siddhAnta ke viSaya meM aba uThane lagA hai| vaha yaha ki yadi ahiMsA ke siddhAnta para hameM caleM to Aja vizva meM jo cAroM ora yuddha kA bhayAvaha vAtAvaraNa vyApta hai, usase kaise baca sakeMge? kyoMki yuddha meM bhAva to roSa ke hote haiM, yA to vaha cupacApa zatru kA vAra sahatA jAye athavA ahiMsA ko kinAre rakha zastra uThA lar3ane laga jaaye| kyA koI pakSa ke bacAva kA bhI rAstA hai? prazna jitanA jaTila aura sama-sAmayika hai, samAdhAna utanA hI sarala aura nyAyasaMgata hai| jaina saMskRti ke itihAsa kA avalokana karane para pAyeMge ki- aneka jaina rAjA aise hue haiM jinhoMne aneka lar3AiyA~ lar3I haiN| candragupta, samrATa khAravela, senApati cAmuNDarAya Adi vIrayoddhA bhAratIya itihAsa ke ujjavala ratna haiN| ata: ahiMsA yaha kabhI nahIM kahatI ki dUsare kA akAraNa cAMTA khAkara tuma cupa ho jaao| koziza yaha karo ki usakA dubArA phira hAtha na utthe| ahiMsA sirpha AkramaNAtmaka hiMsA kA virodha karatI hai, rakSaNAtmaka hiMsA kA tyAga nhiiN| jainAgamoM meM eka ahiMsaka gRhastha ke lie yaha vidhAna bhI hai ki yadi usake dharma, jAti, va deza para koI saMkaTa A par3A ho to use cAhie ki vaha tantra, mantra, bala, sainya Adi zaktiyoM dvArA use dUra karane kA prayatna kre| eka dezavAsI kA rASTra rakSA bhI dharma hotA hai| ataH yadi yuddha anivArya ho to usase vimukha honA ahiMsA nahIM, kAyaratA hai| aise yuddha meM rata hokara ahiMsaka apanA kartavya hI karatA hai| kyoMki hara prANI ko jaba svataMtra jIne kA adhikAra hai to usameM bAdhA dene vAlA kSamya nahIM ho sktaa| bhale vaha apanA putra ho yA zatru ho| jainAcArya doSoM ke anusAra donoM ko daNDa dene kA vidhAna karate haiN|12 ataH ahiMsA kA kSetra itanA vyApaka hai ki usameM koI virodha upasthita nahIM hotaa| usase kAyaratA nahIM, nirbhayatA kA srota pravAhita hotA hai| isa prakAra vyakti ko, saMyamI puruSoM ko samyak rIti se hiMsya, hiMsaka, hiMsA aura hiMsA kA phala jAnakara apanI svazakti se hiMsA ko
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________________ anekAnta 68/1, janavarI-mArca, 2015 chor3anI athavA kama karanI caahie| avabudhya hiMsyahiMsakahiMsAhiMsAphalAni tttven| nityamavagRhamAnairnijazaktyA tyajyatAM hiNsaa||60|| puruSArtha siddhayupAya arthAt hiMsya, hiMsaka, hiMsA aura hiMsA kA phala- ina cAra bhAvoM ko jAnakara hiMsA kA tyAga karanA ucita hai| ahiMsA kI upalabdhiyA~ : jaina sAhitya va dharma meM ahiMsA ke vividha rUpoM ke sAtha eka bAta yaha bhI dekhane ko milatI hai ki ahiMsA kA mUla srota khAna-pAna kI zuddhi kI ora adhika prabhAvita huA hai| hiMsA se bacane ke lie khAna-pAna meM saMyama rakhane ko adhika prerita kiyA gayA hai kintu utanA rAga, dveSa, kAma, krodha, jo bhAva hiMsA ke hI rUpAntara hai, ke viSaya meM nhiiN| isake mUla meM zAyada yahI bhAvanA rahI ho ki yadi vyakti kA AcAra-vyavahAra zuddha aura saMyata hogA to usakI AtmA evaM bhAvanA svayameva pavitra rhegii| kintu aisA huA bahuta kama mAtrA meM hai| Aja ahiMsA ke pujAriyoM jainoM ke khAna-pAna meM jitanI zuddhi dikhAI detI hai, mana meM utanI pavitratA aura vyavahAra meM vaisI ahiMsA ke darzana nahIM hote| ataH yadi vyakti kA antas pavitra ho, sarala ho to usake vyavahAra va khAna-pAna meM pavitratA svayaM apane-Apa A jaayegii| ____ ahiMsA ke aticAroM meM jo pazuoM ke chedana, bhedana aura tAr3ana kI bAta kahI gaI hai vaha eka aura nayA tathya upasthita karatI hai| vaha yaha ki, jainAcAryoM kA hRdaya mUka pazuoM kI vedanA se adhika anuprANita thaa| yadi aisA na hotA to ve ahiMsA ke aticAroM meM khAna-pAna kI truTiyoM ko hI ginA dete| jabaki unhoMne prANI mAtra ke kalyANa kI bAta khii| Atmavat sarvabhUteSu kI bAta khii| yahI bhAvanA Age calakara vaidika yajJoM kI hiMsA kA virodha karatI hai aura prANImAtra ko abhaya pradAna karatI hai| jaina saMskRti ne udghoSa kiyA yadi sacamuca, tuma nirbhaya rahanA cAhate ho, to dUsaroM ko tuma bhI abhaya dene vAle bano, nirbhaya bnaao|13 yaha usI kA pratiphala hai ki vaidika yuga ke kriyAkANDoM aura Aja ke hindU dharma anuSThAnoM meM paryApta antara AyA hai| bhAratIya samAja ke vikAsa meM
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________________ anekAnta 68/1, janavarI-mArca, 2015 ahiMsA kA yaha kama yogadAna nahIM hai| ahiMsA samAjavAda aura sAmyavAda kI nIMva hai| loga Aja deza meM samAjavAda-sthApanA kI bAta karate haiN| ahiMsA ke pujAriyoM ne Aja se hajAroM varSa pahale samasta vizva meM samAjavAda sthApita kara diyA thaa| vizva ke samasta prANiyoM ko samAna mAnanA, na kevala manuSyoM ko, isase bhI bar3A koI sAmyavAda hogA? ahiMsA mahApradIpa kI kiraNeM vikarita ho udghoSa karatI hai- jo tuma apane lie cAhate ho, dUsaroM ke lie samUce vizva ke lie bhI vahI cAho aura jo tuma apane lie nahIM cAhate, use dUsaroM ke lie bhI mata cAho, mata kro| kyoMki sabhI jIva jInA cAhate haiN| eka cetanA kI hI dhArA sabake andara pravAhita hotI hai| ataH sabake sAtha samatA kA vyavahAra karo, yahI AcaraNa sarvazreSTha hai| isase tumhArA jIvana vikAra vAsanAoM se mukta hotA calA jAyegA aura niSpApa ho jAyegA kyoMki jo saba jIvoM ko Atmavat mAnatA hai, jo saba jIvoM ko samyak dRSTi se dekhatA hai, jo Asrava kA nirodha kara cukA hai aura jo dAnta hai, usake pApakarma kA bandhana nahIM hotaa|| / jaina dharma kI yahI udAradRSTi ahiMsA ko itanA vyApaka banA detI hai ki use samUce vizva ke sAtha sambandha sthApita karane meM dera nahIM lgegii| kahA bhI gayA hai ki jisa taraha se sabhI nadiyA~ anukrama se samudra meM Akara milatI hai, usI prakAra mahAbhagavatI ahiMsA meM sabhI dharmoM kA samAveza hotA hai| jaba samUcA vizva hI vyakti kA ho jAtA hai to kauna use satyaM, zivaM aura sundaraM nahIM banAnA caahegaa| jisake hRdaya meM sahaja ahiMsAvRtti hotI hai vaha kabhI kisI prANI ko pIr3A utpanna nahIM krtaa| isa saMgharSamaya jIvana se saMtRpta mAnava ko ahiMsA kI zIlata chAyA meM zAnti mila sakegI, anyatra nhiiN| saMdarbha : 1. sA kriyA kApi nAstIha yasyAM hiMsA na vidyte| upAsakAdhyayanakalpa, 26.340 2. zrAvaka sAdhanI bandha mokss| sAgAradharmAmRta, 4.23 3. jahA jalamajjhe gacchamANA aparissavA nAvA jalakatAra vIIvayai, na ya viNAsaM pAvai, evaM sAhUvi jIvAule loge gamaNAdINi kuvvamANo saMvariyAsavaduvArattaNeNa saMsArajalakatAraM vIyIvayai, saMvariyAsavaduvArassa na kuovi bhymtthi| dazavaikAlikacUrDi, pR.159
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________________ 76 anekAnta 68/1, janavarI-mArca, 2015 4. jadi suddhassa ya baMdho hohidi bhirNgvtthujaagenn| ___Natthi du ahiMsago NAma hodi vaayvaadibNdhhedu| bhagavatI ArAdhanA, 806 5. santoSapoSatA yaH syaadlpaarmbhprigrhH| bhAvazuddhayekasargo'sAvahiMsANuvrataM bhjet|| sAgAradharmAmRta, 4.14 6. so'travakAzo na labhate bhikSonidhyAnaparAyaNasya prmttyogaabhaavaat| kiMca suukssmsthuuljiivaabhyupgmaat|| sUkSmA na pratipIDayante prANinaH sthuulmuurtyH| ye zakyAste vivaya'nte kA hiMsA sNytaatmnH|| rAjavArtika, 7.13 7. mRte'pi na bhavet pApamRte'pi bhaved dhruvm| pApadharmavidhAne hi svAntaM hetu shubhaashubhm|| prbodhsaar| 8. bhAvazuddhirmanuSyANAM vijJeyA srvkrmsu| anyathA cumbyate kAntA bhAvena duhitaanythaa|| subhASitAvalI pR. 493 9. Arambhe'pi sadA hiMsA sudhIH saaNklpkiiyjet| dhnato'pi karSakAduccaiH pApo'dhnannapi dhiivrH|| sAgAradharmAmRta, 2.22 10. jainadharma, paM. kailAzacanda zAstrI, pR. 182 11. yaddhana hyAtmasAmarthya yaavnmNtrsikoshkm| tAvad draSTuM ca zrotaM ca taddhAdhAM sahate na sH|| 12. daNDo hi kevalo lokamimaM cAmu ca rkssti| rAjJA zatrai ca mitre ca yathAdoSaM samaM dhRtH|| sAgAradharmAmRta, 4.5 13. abhao ptthijaa| tubbhaM abhayadAyA bhvaahiy| aNitve jIva-logammi, kiM hiMsAe psjjsi|| uttarAdhyayana, 18.11 14. jaM icchasi appaNatto, jaM ca na icchasi appnntto| taM iccha parassa vi mA vA, ettiyagaM jinnsaasnnnny|| bRhatkalpabhASya, 4584 15. (1) savve pANA piyAuyA suhasAtA dukkhapaDikUlA appiyavahA piyajIviNo jiivitukaayaa| savvesiM jIvitaM piyN| AcArAMgasUtra 1.2.3.78 16. 'ege AyA', sthAnAMga, 1.1 17. ekkaggamaNasamAsamAhANayA ya, aha ettio mokkho| bRhatkalpabhASya, 4585 18. savvabhUyappabhUyassa sammaM bhUyAi paaso| pihiAsavassa daMtassa pAvaM-kammaM na baMdhaI, dazavaikAlika, 4.8 19. savvao vi naIo, kameNa yaha sAyarammi nivddti| taha bhagavaI ahiMsA, savve dhammA smillti|| saMbodhasattarI, 6 - jaina vizva bhAratI saMsthAna, lADanU~ (rAjasthAna)
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________________ 31ch 68/1, Jakt-hief, 2015 77 Social Implications of Meditatioin Dr. Samani Shashi Praj-a Jain scriptures describe four types of meditation : artta (sorrowful), roudra (cruel), dharma (virtuous), and oukla (pure). The first two are inauspicious (black) meditation and the last two are auspicious (white) meditation. Mahavira propounded to pay attention on auspicious meditation which is conducive to the attainment of liberation and inspired to refrain from inauspicious meditation which is the cause of karmic bondage. Unfortunately, the practice of meditation was somewhat neglected in last centuries by Jains. Due to 12 years of famine, near about thousands of monks died, those who were experts in Jain literature. So this caused great loss and change in meditation oriented outlook of Jain seers. They became study centered to save their scriptures and survival of the order. After that tantra tradition (8th cent.-15th cent. B.C.) dominated in the third era of Jain yoga. In the fifth era of Jain yoga then bhakti tradition (16th cent.-19th cent. B.C.) dominated. Fortunately, however the last two decades witnessed a revival. The 20th century is stated as the scientific age. Research and experiments are highly stressed in this age. In the later part of twentieth century, Acarya Tulsi (9th acarya of the Terapanth sect ofoewetambara Jains) tried to resurrect the disappearing Jain yoga system. He composed a book named Manonudasana in aphorismic style of sa skrit, in which all the material related to the Jain spiritual practices during the last 2600 years is precisely explained in this small sized book. He deputed Muni Nathmalji (now Acarya Mahapraj-a) rediscovered the ancient tradition of meditation in Jainism, and re-organized the disjointed elements into a cohensive whole. He studied the ancient scriptures deeply for thirteen years, collected the related material, decided the system of approach, compared the scriptural facts with scientific facts, experimented and developed the perception based meditation system of prek a dhyana. Jain meditation as found in the canonical texts are of four types, among them prek a dhyana is based upon the dharma dhyana and oeikla dhyana. Here we are concerned with the later two types of dhyana and its social significance. Significance of Dhyana i. Self-awareness and Meditation The reflection over the four sub-classification of dharma dhyana' i.e. ajsya, apaya, vipaka and sa sthana vicaya makes meditator to be introvert. Through agya vicaya meditator contemplates on the scriptural concepts as
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________________ 78 3richler 68/1, HC-HT2, 2015 attachment and aversion are the two main causes of karmic bondage.2 Then under vipaka vicaya, meditator contemplates on the mechanism of karma that human beings have to suffer the consequences of their past deeds unless liberation is achieved." In apaya vicaya, meditator concentrates on the present state of life. In this process a clear picture in ones mind appears as the happiness is the consequence of good deeds done in the past and unhappiness is the consequences of ones bad deeds. Then the meditator refrains from hurting others, refrains himself from indulging in bad actions and tries to concentrate on auspicious actions, thoughts and speech to shed off the past inauspicious karmas. In sa sthana vicaya, he knows that universe is the place of enjoying good or bad deeds. Moreover by contemplating, on anitya, acara a, ekatva, anyatva bhavana, self awareness develops to extreme level. This self-awareness not only inhibits the karma but at the same time, carefulness in each and every action is achieved. ii. Compassionate Personality and Dhyana The greatest outcome of meditation is the origination of compassion for all the categories of living beings. 4 Tirtha kara Mahavira said, the behaviour, which you like, behave the same with others. This kind of notion of equality of soul develops through meditation. Today we see serial bomb blasts in various cities, incidents of dowry deaths, familial violence, abortion, adulteration in kids food products and in medical products are becoming common burning issues of the present scenario. They are the living examples of cruelty. To establish the compassionate society, meditational practice is the need of the hour. Without cruelty, exploitation can't take place. The layers of karmic particle on the self is the main cause of cruel behaviour. Once these layers of karmas are uncovered through the process of meditation, then we can translate the dream of the compassionate society into reality. iii. Energy Equilibrium and Meditation Dhyana has great importance in maintaining the energy equilibrium, between vital force and bio-electricity in the body. In meditation we first carry the vital energy upwards. Once this energy has been developed, there will be no harm if it is carried downwards. All the physical postures recommended for meditation namely vajrasana, padmasana, sir asana postures push vital energy upward. The science of ayurveda says that the heart is the seat of
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________________ Brich 68/1, H 1-Hef, 2015 79 the soul as well as of energy. It is from the heart that the upward flow of energy begins. According to Acarya Mahapraj-a subtle energy is needed to destroy the karmas attached to subtle body, tapa and bhavana are two means to achieve it. Today we see many physical and mental diseases are becoming incurable from allopathic treatment, here lies the relevance of meditation. Through the practice of perception of body, not only the energy equilibrium in body can be attained but also many, person's neural diseases, tension problem can be resolved. We find frequent reference of Mahavira concentrating on the tip of his nose that was an important secret of his health and for the equilibrium of mind. 8 iv. Change of Habits and Meditation The purpose of meditation is to bring about transformation. Habits die hard. But Acarya Mahapraj-a has a strong belief that habits can be changed through the practice of contemplative meditation. By contemplating on the center of vigilance, self-awareness increases, a kind of deluded attitude that drugs can give us pleasure also transforms. The glandular secretions play a great role in the transformation of habits. If the glandular flow is regulated through the practice of contemplation on the centre of vigilance, corresponding bio-chemical changes in body occurs and the habits began to change themselves. Psychologists have certainly succeeded in bringing about some chemical change through various drugs and tranquilizers but no drugs can ever bring about a lasting transformation. Dhyana is a powerful means of bringing about a complete change of habits 10 of smoking, drinking, chewing tobacco, drugs; habit of pana-paraga and gutkha and the like many pouches, betalnuts so on and so forth. The scientists are in search of a cure to the vice of drug abuse but uptil now no effective remedy has been evolved. The kayotsarga is like a tranquilizer (relaxation with self-awareness) one of the important practice can solve the problems related to addiction of intoxicants and can change the vital habits and pave a new direction to their life. 11 v. Problems and solutions through different meditational practices S.No. Problems Solutions 01. Absence of Self-awareness Breath Perception. 12 02. Problem of anger Regular 10 minute concentration of white color on the center of enlightenment.1 03. Problem of ego Contemplationof humbleness. 14 04. Problem of deceit Contemplation of straight forwardness.15 05. Problem fo greed Practice of kayatsarga leading
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________________ 80 words detachment.16 06. Solution of complex problems Ten minute concentration on Centre of Bliss with yellow colour.17 07. Idleness laziness, inactivity Concentraion of Centre of Intuition and perception of red colour. 18 08. Freedom from nervous tension kayatsarga.19 Concentration on Centre of Vigilance.20 09. Durg addictions 10. Heart disease, H.B.P., L.B.P. kayatsarga and yhogic exercise.21 11. Asthama Alternative beathing and feq yogic exercise.22 kayatsarga and practice of Dhwani23. Blood pressure. Liver disorder is balanced. Control of mood.24 Concentration on the orange colour in Centre of knowledge for 10 minutes.25 Concentration on the Centre of Intuction and celibacy.26 Meditation.27 12. Insomnia or 13. Blue colour breathing Yellow colour breathing Green colour breathing 14. Mental excitement anekAnta 68/1, janavarI-mArca, 2015 15. Control of sex desires 16. Mental tensions vi. Transformation of Personality and Dhyana Scientists speak of three dimensions, length, width and height. A fourth dimension has now been added to them. It is time. The human personality also has three dimensions, memory, thinking and imagination. A fourth dimension may be added to them and that is perception as per the view of Mahapraj-a.28 Practice in perceiving the centres of consciousness opens the fourth dimension in our personality. This results in the transformation of personality. Practice of Perception of Psychic Centres in the body with specific colours can help in changing the personality of an individual. The first principle of transformation and work efficiency is development of non-absolutist personality. The second principle is balanced emotions, third is tolerance and fourth is concentration and fifth is lending mutual support when needed.29 These qualities of self-transformation can be developed through the practice of Jain Preksha Meditation.30 The personality of practitioner of Preksha Meditation will not only influence others but
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________________ Brich 68/1, H 1-Hef, 2015 everywhere he/she will be welcomed by all as conduct speaks louder than the speech. Development of five principles will really transform the personality. vii. Work Efficiency and Emotional Control The Indian thinkers, however, unanimously hold that the absolute elimination of the passions of attachment and hatred, greed and anger is not possible. In fact, the spiritual disciplines propounded in Hinduism, Buddhism, and Jainism, the three major religions of India are in perfect agreement on this issue that meditation, in some form or the other is considered as the only way to attain salvation.31 Meditation activates the process of transformation and its effects should be judged by the gradual transformation that comes in its wake. 32 It will be in vain to imagine that dhyana brings quick freedom from passions. It is not a one or two year long process. Its consummation takes not one but many life times. We expect quick results. When even an ordinary ailment takes quite some time to cure, then how can we expect emotional control promptly. Passions i.e. anger, pride, greed and deceit which are derivative passions and purifying them is not only necessary but also it is the most difficult task of all spiritual practices. One should, from time to time, see how much emotional purification has occurred and try to find out the reasons of slow or no achievement through introspection. Thus control of emotions through meditation is a matter of stage-by-stage development. As per the view of Mahapraj-a, concentration on the white colour at the Center of Peace, installing the image of the ishta there, fixing the sacred white aural colour are extremely useful means of purifying the emotional flow.33 Thus meditation is the journey of the self, towards the self. The only form of religion, which could be universally accepted in modern times is meditation, where individuality loses his identity. 34 Acarya Mahapraj-a stresses on meditation to such an extent that meditation of two and a half minute can supersede the fasting of two days.35 So meditation is a means of social transformation through individual transformation. Social problems related to intolerance, anger etc. passionate behaviour, in adjustment, corruption, cruelty, adulteration and many incurable diseases can be permanently solved through the dedicated and continuous practices of
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________________ 82 31ichler 68/1, Hat-hief, 2015 meditation. Conclusion : 1 Dhyana Oataka of Jinabhadraga i.verse 45-53. 2 Uttaradhyayana Sutra, 32.7. 3 Uttaradhyayana Sutra, 13.10 4. Mahapraj-a. Taba Hota Hein Dhyana ka Janma, p. 191. 5 Mahapraj-a. Manavata ka Bhavi ya, 98.of Mind, p. 59. 6. Mhaprajna. Mysteries of Mind, p. 59 7. Ibid, p. 59 8. Mahaprajna. Mahavira's Scritpure of Health, p.48 9. Mahaprajna. Anekanta : The Third Eye, p. 207 10. Mahaprajna. Towards Inner Harmony, p.94 11. Acarua Tulsi. Transmutation of Personality Through Preksha Meditation. Ladnun: Jain Vishva Bharti, 1994, p. 175 12. Mahaprajna. Mysteries of Mind.p. 162 13. Acarya Tulsi. Manonusasanam, 3.21 14. Mahaprajna. Mirror of The Self. Ladnun: Jain Vishva Bharti, 2004, p.134 15. Mahaprajna.Pahala Sukha, Nirogi Kaya,p.58. 16. Ibid,p.66 17. Mahaprajna. Mysteries of Mind, p. 152 18. Mahaprajna. Mysteries of Mind,p. 153 19. Ibid,p.152 20. Ibid,p.152 21. Mahaprajna. Lord Mahavira's Scripture of Health,p.168 22. Ibid, p. 171 23 Ibid, p. 135. 24 Mahapraj-a.Lord Mahavira's Scripture of Health, p. 88. 25 Mahapraj-a. Mysteries of Mind, p. 165, The Mirror of Self, p. 133. 26 Mahapraj-a. Mysteries of Mind, p. 165. 27 Ibid, p. 122. 28 Mahapraj-a. Mysteries of Mind, p. 164. 29 Mahapraj-a. Why Meditate, p. 97-102. 30 Mahapraj-a. Jivan ki Pothi, p. 129. 31 Ganadhipati Tulsi.Jain Siddhanta Dipika, p. XXXIV. 32 Mahapraj-a. New Man : New World, p. 75. 33 Mahapraj-a.Lord Mahavira's Scripture of Health, p. 75. 34 Mahapraj-a.Dharma ke Sutra, 1975, p. 64. 35 Mahapraj-a.Bheda Me Chipa Abheda. 1991, p. 51. Asstt. Prof.in Deptt. of Jainology Comparative Philosophy & Religion Jain Vishva Bharati University Ladnun-341306 (Rajasthan)
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________________ anekAnta 68/1, janavarI-mArca, 2015 dhArmika jIvana aura svAsthya ___- AcArya rAjakumAra jaina manuSya ke jIvana meM AcaraNa kA vizeSa mahatva hai| AcaraNa hI manuSyoM ko sadAcArI, kadAcArI yA durAcArI banAtA hai| AcaraNa kI zuddhatA manuSya ke sAtvika evaM dhArmika jIvana yApana kA AcAra hai| sadAcAra vicAra hI manuSya ko dhArmika jIvana yApana kI preraNA dete haiN| koI bhI dharma ho vaha kabhI bhI manuSya ko kadAcaraNa yA durAcaraNa kI ora prerita nahIM karatA hai| AcaraNa kA prabhAva hI jIvana ko dhArmika yA adhArmika banAtA hai| anya dharmoM kI bhAMti jainadharma meM bhI anya bAtoM ke atirikta AcaraNa ko vizeSa mahatva diyA gayA hai| yadyapi jaina dharma eka sAdhanA pradhAna dharma hai aura sAdhanA ke mAdhyama se apanI AtmA ko nirmalatA ke caramotkarSa para pahuMcAkara samasta sAMsArika baMdhanoM se use mukta karAnA isa dharma kA carama lakSya hai| saMsAra ke samasta jIvadhArI prANiyoM kI AtmA kA nivAsa unake bhautika zarIra meM hotA hai| ataH sAdhanA ke kSetra meM sazarIra AtmA kI hI upayogitA hai| zAstroM meM bhI isakA samarthana karate hue kahA gayA hai- "zarIramAdyaM khala dhrmsaadhnm|" isakI bhI do avasthAeM hotI haiM- eka svasthAvasthA aura dUsarI vikaaraavsthaa| zarIra aura mana yadi svastha rahate haiM jo jIvana ke sabhI kArya nirAbAdha rUpa meM sampanna hote haiN| AhAra vihAra Adi apanI dainika kriyAoM meM vaha sukha kA anubhava karatA hai, kyoMki vaha anukUla vedanA rUpa hai- "anukUla vedanIyaM sukhm"| usake viparIta jaba zarIra athavA mana meM avasthyatA hotI hai to use dukha kA anubhava hotA hai| yaha dukha pratikUla vedanA kahalAtA hai- 'pratikUla vedanIyaM dukham' (pataJjali) zArIrika yA mAnasika avasthatA kI sthiti meM manuSya asantulita evaM avyavasthita anubhava karatA hai jisase usake dharma sAdhana, artha sAdhana (vyavasAya) kAmasAdhana (sAMsArika kArya karane) tathA mokSa sAdhana rUpa
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________________ anekAnta 68/1, janavarI - mArca, 2015 caturvidha puruSArtha ke sAdhana meM bAdhA utpanna hotI hai| isIlie manuSya ke lie pratipAdita puruSArtha catuSTaya ke sAdhana meM Arogya (zArIrika evaM mAnasika svasthatA) ko pramukhatA dI gaI hai 84 - dharmArthakAmamokSANAmArogyaM muulmuttmm|| pUrvajanmakRta azubhakAryoM ke udaya se tathA prakRti, deza, kAla Adi ke vaiSamya se kaI bAra yaha zarIra rogI yA vikAra grasta bana jAtA hai| rUgNa zarIra ke dvArA na to sukhopabhoga hotA hai aura na hI dharma kI sAdha naa| ataH pratyeka kArya ke lie zarIra kI nirAgatA paramAvazyaka hai| zarIra ke vikAragrasta hone para jaba dharma kA sAdhana sambhava nahIM hotA hai to sAdhanA ke patha para ArUr3ha honA kaise sambhava hogA? sAdhanA ke abhAva se karmoM kI nirjarA sambhava nahIM hai, aura karmanirjarA ke binA mokSa kI prApti saMbhava nahIM hai| ataH spaSTa hai ki ina samasta kAryoM evaM lakSya kI pUrti ke lie zArIrika Arogya paramAvazyaka hai| zArIrika Arogya kI AvazyakatA kA pratipAdana Ayurveda zAstra tathA anya vaidika graMthoM meM to kiyA hI gayA hai, jaina granthoM meM bhI jainAcAryoM ke dvArA zArIrika Arogya kI upayogitA evaM AvazyakatA batalAI gaI hai| zrI ugrAdityAcArya ne apane grantha kalyANakAraka meM isa viSaya meM likhA hai na dharmasya kartA na cArthasya harttA na kAmasya bhoktA na mokSasya paataa| naro buddhimAn dhIrasatvo'pi rogI yatastadvinAzAd bhavennaiva martyaH // arthAt manuSya buddhimAna aura dhIrasatva (dRDhamanaska) hone para bhI yadi rogI ho to vaha na dharma kara sakatA hai, na dhana kamA sakatA hai, na kAma kA upabhoga kara sakatA hai aura na mokSa kA sAdhana kara sakatA hai| arthAt rogI manuSya dharma-artha-kAma-mokSa rUpI caturvidha puruSArtha kA sAdhana nahIM kara sakatA hai| usa puruSArtha catuSTaya ke naSTa hone se manuSya bhava meM janma lene para bhI vaha manuSya kahalAne ke yogya nahIM hai| yahA~ spaSTataH caturvidha puruSArtha sAdhana kA mUla niroga yA svasthya zarIra nirUpita kiyA gayA hai| usake binA manuSya jIvana kI koI sArthakatA hI nahIM hai| ataH manuSya ko cAhie ki vaha sadaiva mithyA
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________________ anekAnta 68/1, janavarI-mArca, 2015 85 AhAra-vihAra se svayaM rakSA karate hue tathA sadbata kA anuvartana karate hue saMyama pUrvaka AcaraNa ke dvArA apane svAsthya kI rakSA kre| viparIta AcaraNa, mithyA AcaraNa asaMyamapUrNa (kadAcaraNa) zarIra meM vikAra utpanna kara use rogI banA detA hai| ataH inakA sadaiva parihAra karanA caahie| kauna manuSya niroga raha sakatA hai? isa viSaya meM sundara DhaMga se zAstroM meM vivaraNa milatA hai jo nimna prakAra hai - naro hitAharavihArasevI samIkSyakArI vissyessvsktH| dAtA samaH satyaparo kSamAvAnAptopasevI ca bhvtyrogH|| arthAt hita AhAra aura vihAra kA sevana karane vAlA, samyak prakAra se hitAhita viveka pUrvaka kArya karane vAlA, paJcendriyoM ke viSaya meM Asakta nahIM rahane vAlA, dAna kI pravRtti vAlA, samatA bhAva ko dhAraNa karane vAlA, sadaiva satya meM tatpara, kSamA bhAva ko dhAraNa karane vAlA aura AptajanoM kI sevA meM saMlagna manuSya hI niroga rahatA hai| yahA~ niroga rakhane ke lie jisa AcaraNa kA nirdeza kiyA gayA hai vaha sarvathA jaina dharma sammata aura jaina dharmAnuyAyI zrAvaka dvArA AcaraNIya hai| isa prakAra kA AcaraNa sAtvika hotA hai aura vaha Arogya sampAdana ke sAtha-sAtha Atmonnayana yA AtmA ko nirmala banAne meM sahAyaka hotA hai| AcaraNa kI zuddhatA ke kAraNa antaHkaraNa meM sAtvika bhAva kA udaya evaM utkarSa hotA hai| jisase manuSya kI pravRtti azubha karmoM se haTakara zubha karmoM meM hotI hai| __ Arogya sambandhI anyAnya bAtoM kA ullekha vistAra pUrvaka Ayurveda zAstra meM kiyA gayA hai| ataH vahA~ usakA avalokana kara tadviSayaka sabhI bAtoM kA jJAna prApta karanA caahie| Ayurveda zAstra yadyapi roga nivRtti kA upAya batalA kara tathA svAsthya rakSA ke mUlabhUta siddhAntoM kA nirUpaNa kara mAtra bhautika zarIra kI rakSA aura usake savaMrddhana kI preraNA detA hai, tathApi yaha eka mahatvapUrNa tathya hai ki vaha Arogya sAdhana ke sAtha-sAtha parokSa rUpa se mokSa sAdhana meM bhI kAraNa bhUta hai| vaha yadyapi mokSa sAdhana ke upAyoM kA nirdeza nahIM karatA hai, tathApi mokSa sAdhana ke mUla samajhe jAne
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________________ anekAnta 68/1, janavarI-mArca, 2015 vAle zArIrika Arogya ke niSpAdana meM pUrNataH sahAyaka hotA hai| ataH apratyakSataH vaha mokSa sAdhana kA kAraNa bhI hai| jainadharma meM mokSa ko vizeSa sthAna diyA gayA hai aura mokSa kI prApti manuSya kA carama lakSya batalAyA gayA hai| mokSa prApti ke lie sAdhanA yA tapa kA vizeSa mahatva hai, kyoMki usase hI karmoM kA kSaya hotA hai aura AtmA ko karmoM ke bandhana se mukti prApta hotI hai| Ayu karma zeSa rahane taka AtmA ko bhautika zarIra meM hI nivAsa karanA par3atA hai, ataH taba taka usake svAsthya para samucita dhyAna denA Avazyaka hai| isake lie sAdhanA ke kSetra meM avatarita muni ko bhI Arogya sambandhI samasta viSaya kA jJAna honA Avazyaka hai| jo zubha pariNAmI muni yA zrAvaka aisA nahIM karatA hai vaha vibhinna rogoM se pIr3ita hokara tajjanita kaSToM aura unake duSpariNAmoM se azubha karma ke baMdha kA bhAgI banatA hai| ataH zrI ugrAdityAcArya ne AyurvedazAstra kA jJAna prApta karane kA nirdeza nimna prakAra se diyA haiArogyazAstramadhigamya munirvipazcit svAsthyaM sa sAdhayati siddhsukhaikhetum| anyassvadoSakRtaroganipIDitAMgo badhnAti karma nijaduSpariNAma bhedaat|| arthAt vidvAn muni Arogya zAstra (Ayurveda zAstra) ko acchI taraha jAnakara (usI prakAra AhAra-vihAra rakhate hue aura niyamoM evaM savRtta kA pAlana karate hue) siddha sukha ke ekamAtra kAraNa bhUta svAsthya kA sAdhana (rakSA) kara letA hai| isake viparIta svadoSa arthAt apane ahita AhAra-vihAra se janita roga se pIr3ita zarIra vAlA hokara vaha apane duSpariNAmoM (durbhAvoM) ke kAraNa vibhinna karmoM ke baMdha ko bAMdha letA hai| yahA~ spaSTa kiyA gayA hai ki Arogya zAstra (Ayurveda zAstra) kA adhyayana evaM jJAna kisa prakAra apratyakSa rUpa se mokSa sukha kA kAraNa hai? jisake zarIra meM roga vyApta rahatA hai yA jo kisI bAhya yA Abhyantarika vikAra se pIr3ita hai vaha apane zarIra kI rogajanya vedanA ke kAraNa vyAkula banA rahatA hai| AkulatA svayaM eka azubha pariNAma hai jo
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________________ 87 anekAnta 68/1, janavarI-mArca, 2015 manovikAra kA dyotaka hai| usa AkulatA ke kAraNa manuSya kA mana vikAra yukta banA rahatA hai, jisase usake pariNAmoM-bhAvoM kI nirmalatA samApta ho jAtI hai aura ve supariNAma, duSpariNAmoM meM parivartita ho jAte haiN| duSpariNAmoM ke kAraNa manuSya kI AtmA azubha karma ke saMskAroM se pariveSTita ho jAtI hai aura azubha kAryoM kA phala bhogane hetu use punaH saMsAra meM janma-maraNa ko dhAraNa karate hue saMsaraNa karanA par3atA hai| isake viparIta svastha zarIra vAlA yogI yA sAdhu AkulatA ke abhAva meM nirAkula hokara apanI sAdhanA meM tatpara rahatA hai aura aMtataH zAzvata mokSa sukha kA anubhava kara letA hai| isa prakAra rogAkrAnta zarIra jahA~ karmabandhana evaM saMsAra bhramaNa kA kAraNa hai vahA~ Arogya ke dvArA mukti kA mArga prazasta hotA hai| zarIra meM roga kI utpatti ho jAne para sAdhanA yA tapazcaryA meM kisa prakAra vighna yA vyavadhAna utpanna hotA hai ise svAmI samantabhadra ke jIvana se bhalIbhA~ti jAnA jA sakatA hai| municaryA kA nirdoSa pAlana karate hue bhI pUrva janma kRta azubha karmoM ke saMskAravaza jaba ve bhasmaka vyAdhi se pIr3ita ho gae to ve yadyapi kabhI apanI caryA se calAyamAna yA vicalita nahIM hue, tathApi isase ve apanI municaryA meM kiMcit vyavadhAna sA anubhava karane lage the| kyoMki jaTharAgni kI tIvratA unake dvArA gRhIta bhojana kA tiraskAra karatI hue zarIra ko adhika pIr3ita karane lagI thii| municaryA ke adhIna unake dvArA gRhIta bhojana vaise bhI samiti aura nIrasa hotA thA jo unakI tIvra jaThArAgni ke lie aparyApta thaa| ataH usase jaTharAgni kI tRpti honA sambhava nahIM thaa| usake lie to yatheSTha parimANa meM guru-snigdha-zItala aura madhura rasa vAlA anna pAna milanA Avazyaka hotA hai, anyathA vaha jaTharAgni zarIragata rasa-rakta-mAMsAdi dhAtuoM ko hI bhasmasAt karane lagatI hai| isase zarIra meM daurbalya hone ke sAtha-sAtha tRSA, dAha, murchA Adi anya aneka vikAra yA vyAdhiyA~ utpanna ho jAtI haiN| svAmI samantabhadra ne jaba anubhava kiyA ki vyAdhi kI tIvratA ke kAraNa zarIra kI durbalatA niraMtara bar3hatI jA rahI hai aura isase municaryA meM
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________________ 88 anekAnta 68/1, janavarI-mArca, 2015 vyavadhAna bhI nirantara bar3hatA jA rahA hai| isake atirikta muni pada ko sthira rakhate hue isa roga kA pratikAra kiyA jAnA bhI sambhava nahIM hai| taba unhoMne apane guru se samAdhi maraNa kI AjJA pradAna karane kA anurodha kiyaa| unake guru ne Adeza diyA ki prathamataH tuma munipada kA parityAga kara apanI bhasmaka vyaradhi ko zAnta kro| vyAdhi ke zAnta hone para prAyazcita pUrvaka punaH munipada dhAraNa kara lenaa| guru kI AjJA zirodhArya kara prathama unhoMne apane munitva kA tyAga kiyaa| pazcAt ve kAMcI ke rAjA ko apane AzIrvacanoM se prasanna kara vahA~ ke ziva maMdira meM Ane vAle car3hAvA (bhAga) ko akele hI bhakSaNa karane lge| kucha dinoM taka lagAtAra pracura mAtrA meM gurU aura madhura AhAra milane se kAlAntara meM unakI jaTharAgni kI tIvratA kama hone lagI aura antataH unakI bhasmaka vyAdhi kA zamana huaa| isase spaSTa hai ki zarIra meM vyAdhi kI utpatti kisa prakAra utpanna kara zarIra ke dainika kAryoM meM bAdhA utpanna kara detI hai| isase dharmAcaraNa, dainika caryA aura sAdhanA meM to vyavadhAna utpanna hotA hI hai, mana meM bhI AkulatA ho jAne se azubha karmabandha kA bhAgI honA par3atA hai| vyAdhigrasta hone ke kAraNa zarIra ko jo kaSTa yA vedanA bhoganI par3atI hai usakA prabhAva manuSya ke mana para bhI paryApta rUpa se par3atA hai| jisase mana meM AkulatA kA bhAva utpanna hotA hai| vaha AkulatA kA bhAva hI karma baMdha kA kAraNa hotA hai| ataH zarIra kI rUgNatA jahA~ dharma sAdhana meM bAdhA utpanna karatI hai vahA~ zArIrika Arogya dharmAcaraNa meM sahAyaka hotA hai| ___ isI krama meM jainadharma ke prabhAvaka manISI zrI ugrAdityAcArya ne do prakAra ke svAsthya kA pratipAdana karate hue unake mahatva ko bhI sArthaka rUpa se pratipAdita kiyA hai| usake anusAra svAsthya do prakAra kA hotA hai- eka pAramArthika svAsthya aura dUsarA vyAvahArika svaasthy| zrI ugrAdityAcArya ke anusAra isa dvividha svAsthya meM prathama paramArtha svAsthya pradhAna yA mukhya hai aura dUsarA vyavahAra svAsthya apradhAna yA gaunn| yathA atheha bhavyasya narasya sAmprataM dvidhaiva tatsvAsthyamudAhRtaM jinaiH| pradhAnamAdyaM paramArthabhityato dvitIyamanyad vyvhaarsmbhvm||
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________________ anekAnta 68/1, janavarI-mArca, 2015 89 arthAt bhagavAn jinendra deva ke dvArA bhavya jIva manuSya kA svAsthya do prakAra kA batalAyA gayA hai- eka paramArtha svAsthya aura dUsarA vyavahAraja svaasthy| inameM se prathama pAramArthika pradhAna hotA hai aura dUsarA vyavahArArthika svAsthya gauNa hai| pUrva meM Ayurveda ke anusAra jo do prakAra kA svAsthya-zArIrika aura mAnasika batalAyA gayA hai usakA samAveza vyavahAra svAsthya meM kiyA gayA hai| pAramArthika svAsthya kA nirUpaNa nimna prakAra kiyA hai azeSakarmakSayaja mahAdbhutaM ydetdaatyntikmdvitiiym| atIndriyaM prArthitamarthavedibhistadetaduktaM prmaarthnaamkm|| arthAt AtmA ke sampUrNa karmoM ke kSaya se utpanna, adbhuta, AtyAntika evaM advitIya, vidvajjanoM dvArA prArthita jo atIndriyasukha hai vaha pAramArtha svAsthya kahalAtA hai| isakA tAtparya yaha hai ki jJAnAvaraNAdi aSTakarmoM kA nAza hone se jo avinAzI, advitIya, indriyAtIta, paramotkRSTa AtmIya sukha kI anubhUti hotI hai vahI pAramArthika svAsthya hotA hai| isa prakAra ke akSaya paramAnanda kA anubhava alaukika evaM divya AdhyAtmika sampadA kA pariNAma hai jisake kAraNa yaha jIva samasta prakAra kI sAMsArika yAtanAoM, kaSToM, dukhoM evaM vibhinna prakAra ke azubha pariNAmoM se hI mukta nahIM ho jAtA hai, apitu vaha samasta prakAra ke karma bandhanoM kA uccheda kara saMsAra paribhramaNa se hI mukta ho jAtA hai| aisI sthiti meM apanA Ayu karma zeSa rahane ke kAraNa vaha jIva jaba taka isa saMsAra meM rahatA hai taba taka usake lie samasta sAMsArika bhautika sukhopabhoga tathA vividha prakAra ke bhoga vilAsa tuccha evaM heya ho jAte haiN| yahI pAramArthika svAsthya hai aura isI pAramArthika svAsthya kI upalabdhi karanA jaina dharma kA lakSya hai| isa pAramArthika svAsthya kA sambandha zarIra se na hokara zarIra meM sthita AtmA se hai| ataH ise pradhAna yA mukhya mAnA gayA hai| dUsare prakAra vyavahArika svAsthya hai jo nimna prakAra kA batalAyA gayA hai
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________________ 90 anekAnta 68/1, janavarI-mArca, 2015 samAgni dhAtutvamadoSavibhramo mlkriyaatmendriysuprsnntaa| manaH prasAdazca narasya sarvadA tadevamuktaM vyavahArajaM khlu|| arthAt manuSya ke zarIra meM sthita agni (jaTharAgni) kA sama rahanA (hInAdhika nahIM honA), dhAtuoM kI samatA, vAta Adi doSa kA vikRta nahIM honA, mala mUtrAdi kI visarjana kriyA samucita rUpa se sampanna honA, AtmA, indriya aura mana kA prasanna rahanA ye saba vyavahAra svAsthya ke lakSaNa haiN| dUsare prakAra kA yaha vyavahArika svAsthya prathama pAramArthika svAsthya ke arjana meM sahAyaka hotA hai| vyAvahArika svAsthya bhautika hotA hai aura usakA sambandha kevala zarIra va mana se hai| zarIra kI nirogatA tathA vAta-pitta-kapha ina tInoM doSoM kI samasthiti honA, rasa, raktAdi sapta dhAtuoM kI kSaya yA vRddhi honA (avikRta avasthA), sveda-mUtra-purISa ina tInoM maloM kI kriyA prAkRta rUpa se sampanna honA, jaTharAgni kA prAkRta avasthA meM honA, indriyoM aura mana kI avikalatA tathA prasannatA honA zArIrika Arogya kA paricAyaka hai| ise hI vyavahArika svAsthya kahate haiN| yahA~ vyavahArika svAsthya ke jo lakSaNa batalAe gae haiM ve sabhI lakSaNa Ayurveda zAstra meM svastha puruSa ke batalAe gae haiN| Ayurveda zAstra meM bhI isI prakAra ke zArIrika svAsthya kA pratipAdana kiyA gayA hai| aSTAMga hRdaya meM AcArya vAgbhaTTa kahate haiM samadoSaH samAgnizca smdhaatumlkriyH| prasannAtmendriyamanaH svastha itybhidhiiyte|| arthAt jisa puruSa ke tInoM doSa sama (avikRta) avasthA meM ho, jATharAgni sama (avikRta) avasthA meM ho, sAta dhAtuoM (rasa-rakta-mAMsa-meda-asthi-majjA-zukra) aura tIna maloM (sveda-mUtra-purISa) kI kriyAeM sama avasthA meM hoM, jisakA AtmA, indriya aura mana prasanna (vikAra rahita) hoM vaha puruSa 'svastha kahalAtA hai| isa prakAra ke Arogya yA dvividha svAsthya kA pratipAdana mAtra Ayurveda zAstra meM kiyA gayA hai| ataH yaha AdhyAtmikatA se anuprANita
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________________ 91 anekAnta 68/1, janavarI-mArca, 2015 hai| isakA mukhya uddezya lokopakAra karanA hai| manuSya ke svAsthya kI rakSA hetu vividha upAyoM kA nirdeza karanA tathA auSadha cikitsA ke dvArA vividha rogoM kA zamana karanA lokopakAra hI hai| manuSya ke svAsthya kI rakSA hetu vividha upAyoM kA nirdeza karanA tathA auSadha cikitsA ke dvArA vividha rogoM kA zamana karanA lokopakAra hI hai| pAramArthika svAsthya ke lie AtmA ke kalyANa kA mArga prazasta karanA lokopakAra kI carama pariNati hai| Ayurveda zAstra meM cikitsA kArya ko puNyatama mAnA gayA hai| kyoMki cikitsA ke dvArA roga janita una asahya vedanAoM se mukti milatI hai jo dharma-artha-kAma-mokSa sAdhana meM vighna rUpa hotI hai| zrI ugrAdityAcArya ne bhI isa Ayurveda zAstra kA kathana lokopakAra karane ke lie hI kiyA hai| yathA- "lokopakArakaraNArthamidaM hI zAstram arthAt yaha vaidyaka zAstra loka ke prati upakAra karane ke lie hai| isase spaSTa hai ki jainadharma meM lokopakAra aura Atma kalyANa ko sarvopari sthAna diyA gayA hai| kyoMki paropakAra ke kAraNa manuSya eka ora jahA~ dUsaroM kA hita karatA hai, dUsarI ora puNya saMcaya ke kAraNa apanA bhI hita karatA hai| ****** saMdarbhaH 1. kalyANakAraka, 20/90 3. kalyANa kAraka 20/29 5. kalyANa kAraka, 2/3 7. aSTAMga hRdaya, sUtra sthAna 2. caraka saMhitA, sUtrasthAna, a. 30 4. kalyANakAraka 2/2 6. kalyANa kAraka, 2/4 ___8. kalyANa kAraka, 1/24 - nidezaka, jainAyurveda sahityAnusaMdhAna kendra rAjIva kAmpaleksa ke pAsa, ahiMsA mArga, iTArasI-461 111 (ma0pra0) phona- 07572-404688
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________________ 92 TippaNa - 1 anekAnta 68/1, janavarI-mArca, 2015 rUsa meM jaina pANDulipiyA~ - lalita jaina IsA ke paTTa ziSya saMta thAmasa jaba IsAI dharma ke pracAra ke silasile meM hindustAna Aye the to unheM hindustAna meM vyApta maMtra-taMtra evaM dharma vyavasthA se sarvAdhika prabhAvita kiyA, unhoMne bhAratIya brAhmaNa evaM zramaNoM para Dhera sArI jAnakArI tathA pANDulipiyA~ ekatra kara vizeSa adhyayana kiyA aura ekatra viSaya sAmagrI ke AdhAra para bhArata viSaya para aneka pustakeM likhiiN| prAcInatam rUsI itivRtta "povesta bramennIkhaleta (kAla kramika gAthA)" meM pRthvI meM jJAta vibhinna jAtiyoM (dharma) kA vivaraNa dete hue batAyA gayA hai ki 'bAkhtIya' jinheM 'rAhmana' (digambara) kahA jAtA hai isa jAti ke loga, apanI kaTTara dharma parAyaNatA ke kAraNa mAMsa-madirA kA prayoga nahIM karate, vyabhicAra nahIM karate, kisI ko bhI duHkha pahu~cAne ko pApa mAnate haiM aura sadaiva nagna rahate haiM; isI taraha kA vistRta vivaraNa 'pallADiyasa va mIDiyolenama maTha' ke saMta 'ambrosa; kA 'bhArata kI nasleM evaM brAhmaNa' zIrSaka se likhA graMtha va rUsI lekhaka yephrosina ne georgI AmArtola ke itivRta tathA anya srotoM ke AdhAra para 'rAhmana aura unake Azcarya janaka jIvana' nAma se graMtha likhA jisameM rAhmana (digambara sAdhuoM) ke bAre meM likhA hai ki- ina logoM ne svarga ke nikaTa rahate hue apanI icchAoM ko parisImita kara liyA hai, jinake pAsa na to lohA hai aura na sonA, na maMdira hai- na madirA, ve mAMsa nahIM khAte, kevala kucha sabjI khA kara mIThA pAnI pI kara, niraMtara nagna rahakara Izvara kI ArAdhanA meM lIna rahate haiM, inakA eka saradAra (guru) hotA hai jisake mArgadarzana meM ve apanA dainika jIvana jIte haiN| prAcIna rUsI sAhitya meM 'aleksAndriyA' kathA kA vizeSa mahatvapUrNa sthAna hai jisakA srota arastu ke bhatIje kalesthanIja ke nAma se likhI gayI 'sikandara gAthA hai' jo pahalI sadI meM samasAmAyikoM ke vRtAMtoM ke AdhAra para likhI gayI hai, isa kRti meM sikandara ke bhArata vijaya abhiyAna kA vizeSa prasaMga hai, jisameM bhAratIya rAjA purU ke sAtha sikandara kA yuddha, bhAratIya brAhmaNa tathA anya dharma sAdhuoM se sikandara kI vArtA kA vistAra pUrvaka varNana, isI kathA meM rAhmanoM ke jIvana vRtAMta - jo kisI bhI pApa kA bojhA nahIM Dhote,
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________________ anekAnta 68/1, janavarI-mArca, 2015 zAMtipUrvaka nagna rahakara devadUtoM ke samIpa rahate haiM, unhoMne apanI icchAoM se mukti pAkara prabhu se svargasukha kA AzIrvAda pA liyA hai, Adi viSayoM para gaMbhIra vivecanA dI gayI hai| prasiddha itihAsa vidvAna- aburehAna muhammada ala barUnI jisakA janma rUsa meM huA thA, kI prasiddha kRti 'kitAbula hiMda' jise alahiMda ke nAma se jAnA jAtA hai, san 1030 meM likhI gayI isa pustaka meM madhyakAlIna bhAratIya dharma darzanoM ke praznoM para vivAda (vicAra vimarza) kiyA gayA, ise itihAsakAroM ne madhyayuga kI bhAratIya dharmadarzana, vijJAna-sAhitya-rItiyoMprathAoM-anuSThAnoM evaM rasmoM kA vizvakoza mAnA hai| bhAratIya itihAsa vettA evaM jaina itihAsa ke rUsI vidvAna- IvAna minAyeva ne aneka bAra jaina dharma ke aitihAsika tathyoM ko ekatra karane ke lie bhArata kI yAtrAeM kii| yahA~ ve jaina vidvAnoM se mile tathA maThoM va maMdiroM kA bhramaNa kiyaa| eka saMdarbha meM unhoMne likhA hai ki pUnA ke dakSiNa kAleja ke graMthAgAra se eka jaina pAMDulipi kI pratilipi mAMgI to unheM ghora nirAzA hI hAtha lgii| rUsa ke soviyata vijJAna akAdamI ke prAcya vidyA saMsthAna kI lenigrAda zAkhA meM rUsI vidvAna IvAna minAyeva dvArA tibbata, nepAla, bhArata evaM zrIlaMkA se lAyIM gayI 904 hastalikhita pANDulipiyAM saMrakSita haiM, jisameM vaidika pATha, purANa, jaina tathA bauddha graMthoM kI prAcIna pANDulipiyAM sammilita haiM jinakI bhASA yA lipiyA~- saMskRta, pAlI, prAkRta va brAhmI Adi haiM, inameM 340 pANDulipiyAM jainadharma se saMbandhita haiM inameM kucha to durlabha haiM, zreSTha evaM pramukha mahatvapUrNa pANDulipiyoM meM subhASitAvarNa'- saMskRta graMtha jisameM 1000 se adhika zloka haiM jinakA vaijJAnika dRSTi se kAphI mahatva hai, isameM lekhakA kA nAma nahIM hai kintu kisI jaina dvArA likhA gayA hai, ise durlabha kI zreNI meM rakhA gayA hai| nayavijaya dvArA praNIta citrasena padmAvatI caritra (536 zloka), vibhinna zArIrika lakSaNoM ke anusAra svabhAva evaM bhAgya batAne vAlI samudrikA', AcAraMga, kalpasUtra, sUtrakRtAMgasUtra, zIlaMka kRta AcAra TIkA, lakSmIvallabha kRta-kalpadruma kalikA, haribhadra kRta-dazavaikalpikA vRhatavRti, digambara jainoM kI saMskRta evaM prAkRta meM
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________________ anekAnta 68 /1, janavarI-mArca, 2015 prArthanA tathA sAmAyika pAThoM kA saMgraha, hemacandra kI prasiddha racanA 'pariziSTa parva' aura prAkRta gAthAoM ke prasiddha jaina pATha saMgraha, pravasaMsArodvAra kI prati (isa prati maM 1609 gAthAeM haiM), digambara jaina dharma siddhAMta para zrIvakoTi kI kRti 'ArAdhanA', zahajakuzala kI racanA 'zrutivicAra', eka ati mahatvapUrNa graMtha - vidvAna brAhmaNoM ko jaina dharma meM lAne ke lie unase zAstrArtha kA nirdeza dene vAlI - munisuMdara kI racanA 'vedyagoSThI', jaina naitikatA para ratnazekhara kI kRti 'AcAra pradIpa', jaina gRhasthoM ke dAyitva ke bAre meM pUjyapAda kRta upAsakAcAra, devendra kRta- praznottaramAlA, somasena racita jaina rAmAyaNa 'padmapurANa', kathA-saMgraha-samyakatva kaumudI kathA, eka mahatvapUrNa kRti-bhAvI jinendroM kI stuti, aneka pUjA vidhiyoM, mahAvIra kI stuti gAthA Adi prAcIna pANDulipiyA~ mahatvapUrNa haiN| 94 Adhunika nagara termeja ke samIpa kArAtepe meM utkhanana se prApta vastuoM meM prathama sadI kI guphA samuccaya, bhagna maMdira kA garbhAgRha, kalaza, chatra, kamala, caMvara ke daNDa tathA aneka mUrtiyoM ke bhagnAvazeSa mahatvapUrNa haiM | itihAsakAroM ne kuSANa ko jaina va brAhmaNa dharma ke poSaka ke rUpa meM bhI svIkAra kiyA hai, cUMki kuSANa ko baikTriyA rAjya (rUsa kA ujjabeka evaM tAjika) uttarAdhikAra meM prApta huA thA ataH usake prabhAva kSetra meM jina jAtiyoM kA nivAsa thA usake AdhAra para pUjA, ArAdhanA gRha banavAye gaye yA bana gaye the| isI kSetra meM ertAma nAmaka sthAna para utkhanana ke daurAna pahalI-dUsarI sadI ke maMdira, bauddha bihAra va mUrtiyoM ke khaNDa prApta ho rahe haiM jisameM mathurA kalA kA prabhAva jhalakatA hai / 1979 meM ertAma ke utkhanana meM eka bar3A mUrti khaNDa pAyA gayA hai jisake pAdapITha para chaH paMktiyoM kA eka brAhmI (bAkhtrIya) abhilekha hai jisameM 260 akSara par3he jAne yogya haiM isake AdhAra para kuSANa kI tithi kAla kA poSaNa hotA hai| saMdarbha : 1. va.va. vertogAdovA- prAkRta bhASAeM (mAsko 1978, hindI anu.) 2. ga.ma. vogArda levina- prAcIna bhAratIya sabhyatA darzana, vijJAna dharma (mAsko 1980) 3. na.ra. gUsevA- jainadharma (zodhagraMtha-mAsko 1968) 4. bhArata viSayaka graMtha sUcI (aMgrejI, mAsko 1982) 5. ga.ma. vogArda levina, a. vigAsina - bhArata kI chavi (hindI anu. mAsko 1984) - sumana presa, jaina maMdira mArga, durga (cha.ga.)
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________________ anekAnta 68/1, janavarI-mArca, 2015 95 pustaka samIkSA (1) AcArya tulasI kA rASTra ko avadAna : prastotrI- samaNI kusumaprajJA, prakAzaka-jaina vizva bhAratI, lADanU~ (nAgaura) rAjasthAna, prathama saMskaraNa-2014, pRSTha-336, mUlya : 180rupye| __ AcArya zrI tulasI kI janma zatAbdI ke avasara para unake rASTrIya avadAnoM ko bodhagamya karane ke lie prastuta pustaka kI upayogitA asaMdigdha hai| terApaMtha ke AcArya tulasI kA bhAratIya saMskRti aura aNuvrata Andolana se jur3Ava ne inheM mahAmAnava kI zreNI meM sthApita kara diyaa| prastuta pustakadharma aura rAjanIti, cunAva kI aNuvrata AcAra-saMhitA, deza ke prathama pradhAnamaMtrI zrI paM. neharU se vArtAe~, rASTrIya samasyAyeM, rASTrIya ekatA evaM usakI cunautiyA~, rASTra nirmANa meM ahiMsaka samAja- saMracanA ke AyAma Adi viSayoM ke mAdhyama se AcArya tulasI ke rASTrIya vyaktitva ko mukhara kiyA gayA hai| lekhikA- samaNI kusumaprajJA- eka pratibhAvAna viduSI evaM kalama kI dhanI haiN| pustaka ke AdhyAtmika sauMdarya ke sAtha isakA geTaapa nayanAbhirAma evaM nirdoSa chapAI se isakA bhautika rUpa bhI sundara hai| (2) jinAMjali : ('bhaktAmara stotra' para vaijJAnika DhaMga se vicAra karate hue jaina darzana ko sAhityika dharAtala para sthApita karatI huI 48 kavitAoM kA sNgrh|) lekhaka-rAjeza jaina, prakAzaka-nezanala pabliIziMga hAusa, 2-35 aMsArI roDa, dariyAgaMja, naI dillI-110002, saMskaraNa- prathama 2013, pRSThaH mUlya : 225rupye| lekhaka- nezanala tharmala pAvara kArporezana ke janarala mainejara haiN| vaijJAnika hote hue sAhitya ke prati aTUTa abhiruci hai| prastuta pustaka meM bhaktAmara stotra kA sarala hindI meM mukta kAvyAnuvAda hai| lekhaka ne UrjA kI zakti ko, ina kavitAoM meM samAhita kiyA gayA hai| kavitA kI zabdAvalI meM vaijJAnika-pAribhASika zabdoM kA prayoga, lekhaka kA anUThA prayoga hai| zodha pUrNa bhUmikA "brahmANDa hI prathama jinendra haiM" vicAraNIya hai| pustaka pAThakoM ke lie upayogI hai| - samIkSaka, paM. nihAlacaMda jaina nidezaka- vIra sevA maMdira, naI dillI
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________________ 96 anekAnta 68/1, janavarI-mArca, 2015 pAThakoM ke patra..... - "anekAnta" ke apraila-jUna 2014 aMka ke lie bdhaaii| nayA svarUpa, bhI bhavya hai| sAmagrI mahattvapUrNa hai| prayatna kareM ki 100 pratizata zuddha chpe| A. nihAlacanda jI- Apa vIra sevA maMdira meM A gaye yaha saMsthA tathA Apa, donoM ke lie upayogI hai| akAdamika gatividhiyoM ko bddh'aaiye| - DaoN0 gokulacaMda jaina (variSTha sAhityakAra), indaura (ma0pra0 > idhara kucha varSoM se, "anekAnta" kA niyamita aura samaya se prakAzana dekhakara, vIra sevA maMdira kI gatividhiyoM para harSita huuN| anekAnta traimAsikI kI, zodhAtmaka-chavi rahI hai, jisakA pAlana niSThApUrvaka ho rahA hai| zraddheya paM0 jugalakizora 'mukhtAra' jI kA yaha zodha saMsthAna unakI karmabhUmi rahI hai aura unhoMne 'anekAnta' ke mAdhyama se jainasamAja meM jJAna cetanA ko vRddhigaMta kiyaa| unakI bhAvanA, sAkAra banI rahe, vIra sevA maMdira ko hamArI shubhkaamnaayeN| prAcArya (paM.) narendraprakAza jaina, phirojAbAda (u0pra0) > kaI dazakoM se anekAnta prakAzita ho rahA hai| mukhtAra sA. ne jo svapna dekhA, vaha mUrta huA aura gaurava kI bAta yaha hai ki usakI niraMtaratA Aja bhI usI rUpa meM banI huI hai| isameM prakAzita zodhAlekhoM kA stara navIna anusandhAna karane vAloM ko apanI aura svataH hI AkarSita karatA hai| sAmAjika, AdhyAtmika va aitihAsika Adi vividha viSayoM para manISiyoM ke paThanIya zodha patra, ise sarvAMgINa karate haiN| kucha vizeSAMka bhI pustakAlayoM meM khoja kara par3he, jaina vicAradhArA ko anya darzanoM ke sAtha prastuta karane kA sarvadharma para AdhArita vizeSAMka eka acchA prayAsa thaa| isa zodha patrikA ke AdhAra staMbhoM ko hArdika dhnyvaad| -DaoN. Ananda kumAra jaina, jainadarzana vibhAga, rASTrIya saMskRta saMsthAna, jayapura
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________________ anekAnta 68/2, apraila-jUna, 2015 Year-68, Volume-2 RNI No. 10591/62 anekAnta (jainavidyA evaM prAkRta bhASAoM kI traimAsika zodha patrikA ) ANEKANT (A Quarterly Research Journal for Jainology & Prakrit Languages) sampAdaka DaoN. jayakumAra jaina, mujaphpharanagara (u.pra.) Editor April-June. 2015 ISSN 0974-8768 Dr. Jaikumar Jain, Muzaffarnagar (U.P.) Mobile : 09760002389 1 vIra sevA mandira, naI dillI- 110 002 Vir Sewa Mandir, New Delhi-110002
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________________ anekAnta 68/2, apraila-jUna, 2015 anekAnta ANEKANT (janavidyA evaM prAkRta bhASAoM kI traimAsika zodha patrikA) (AQuarterly Research Journal for Jainology & Prakrit Languages) Founder saMsthApaka AcArya jugalakizora mukhtAra 'yugavIra' Acharya Jugalkishor Mukhtar 'Yugveer' sampAdaka maNDala prA. paM. nihAlacaMda jaina-bInA (nidezaka vIra sevA maMdira-naI dillI) pro. DaoN. rAjArAma jaina-noeDA pro. DaoN. vRSabhaprasAda jaina, lakhanaU prA. DaoN. zItalacanda jaina,jayapura pro. DaoN. zreyAMsakumAra jaina, bar3auta zrI rUpacaMda kaTAriyA, naI dillI pro. ema.ela. jaina, naI dillI Editor Pt. Nihal Chand Jain- Bina Director-Vir Sewa Mandir-New Delhi Prof. Dr. Raja Ram Jain- Noida Prof. Dr.Vrashabh Prasad Jain,Lucknow Pracharya Shital Chand Jain, Jaipur Prof. Dr. Shreyans Kr. Jain, Baraut Sh. Roop Chand Kataria, New Delhi Prof. M.L. Jain, New Delhi sadasyatA zulka/ Subscription eka aMka-rupaye 25/- vArSika - ru. 100/ This issue - Rs. 25/- Yearly - Rs. 100/ Our Banker : Bank of India A/c No. 603210100007664, Ansari Road, Daryaganj, New Delhi (IFSC- BKID0006032) sabhI patrAcAra patrikA evaM sampAdakIya hetu patA - vIra sevA maMdira (jainadarzana zodha saMsthAna) 21, aMsArI ror3a, dariyAgaMja, naI dillI-110002 All correspondence for the journal & editorial on Vir Sewa Mandir (A Researc h Institution for Jainology) 21, Ansari Road, Daryaganj, New Delhi-110002 phona naM. 011-30120522, 23250522, 09311050522 ___e-mail-virsewa@gmail.com vidvAna lekhakoM ke vicAroM se sampAdaka maMDala kA sahamata honA Avazyaka nahIM hai| lekhoM meM diye gaye tathyoM aura sandarbho kI prAmANikatA ke saMbaMdha meM lekhaka svayaM uttaradAyI haiM sabhI prakAra ke vivAdoM kA nipaTArA dillI nyAyAlaya ke adhIna hogaa|
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________________ anekAnta 68/2, apraila-jUna, 2015 jinavANI stuti (1) sAMcI to gaMgA yaha vItarAga vANI sAMcI to gaMgA yaha vItarAga vaannii| avicchinna dhArA nija dharma kI khaanii|| sAMcI to gaMgA yaha vItarAgavANI jAmeM ati hI vimala agAdha jJAna paanii| jahAM nahIM, zaMkAAdi paMka kI nishaanii|| sAMcI to.. saptabhaMga, jala taraMga, uchalata sukhdaanii| santacita marAlavRnda ramai nitya jnyaanii|| sAMcI to gaMgA yaha vItarAgavANI jAke avagAhana taiM zuddha hoya praanii| 'bhAgacanda' nihacai ghaTa mAhiM yA prmaanii|| sAMcI.. - kavivara bhAgacanda
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________________ anekAnta 68/2, apraila-jUna, 2015 viSayAnukramaNikA viSaya lekhaka kA nAma pRSTha saMkhyA 1. saMpAdakIya-padmanandipaJcaviMzatikA DaoN. jayakumAra jaina 5-18 ___ meM zrAvaka ke SaDAvazyaka karma 2. apabhraMza sAhitya meM paryAvaraNa DaoN. surendrakumAra jaina 19-32 saMrakSaNa 3. karAdhAna aura acauryavrata DaoN. prazAnta jaina 33-43 4. Jain Model of Life Span Dr Sam. Chaitya Pragya 44-52 5. bundelakhaNDa kI jaina mUrtikalA lAlabahAdurasiMha somavaMzI 53-58 6. guTanirapekSatA kA siddhAMta DaoN. zrImatI kRSNA jaina 59-66 __ aura anekAnta 7. munirAja prabhAcandra (samrATa- DaoN. rAjArAma jaina 67-73 candragupta maurya-I) kI kAntAracaryA 8. bhagavAna mahAvIra kI prAsaMgikatA siddhArtha kumAra jaina 74-79 9. karmakSaya kA pradhAna kAraNa tapa DaoN. zreyAMsakumAra jaina 80-90 10. jinavANI mA~ ke avataraNa prA. paM. nihAlacaMda jaina 91-93 __kA parva : zrutapaMcamI 11. pustaka samIkSA prA. paM. nihAlacaMda jaina 94-95 evaM rAjendra 'mahAvIra' 12. pAThakoM ke patra ..... 96
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________________ anekAnta 68/2, apraila-jUna, 2015 saMpAdakIya padmanandipaJcaviMzatikA meM zrAvaka ke SaDAvazyaka karma 5 DaoN0 jayakumAra jaina Avazyaka kA artha : pratidina ke avazyakaraNIya karttavya ko Avazyaka kahA jAtA hai| mUlAcAra meM zrI baTTakerAcArya ne kahA hai 'Na vaso avaso avassakammamAvAsagaM tti vodhavvA / 1 arthAt jo rAga-dveSa Adi ke vaza meM nahIM hotA hai, vaha avaza hai aura usa avaza kA karttavya Avazyaka kahalAtA hai| AcArya kundakundasvAmI Avazyaka ko paribhASita karate hue likhate haiM'jo Na havadi aNNavaso tassa du kammaM bhaNaMti AvAsaM / kammaviNAsaNajogo Nivvudimaggo ti Nivvutto // 2 arthAt jo anya ke vaza nahI hai, vaha avaza hai aura avaza ke kArya ko Avazyaka kahate haiN| yaha Avazyaka karma karmoM kA vinAzana karane vAlA aura nirvANa kA mArga kahA gayA hai| AcArya vasunandI ne bhagavatI ArAdhanA kI vijayodayA TIkA meM 'AvAsayanti ratnatrayamati iti AvazyakAH ' 13 kahakara AvazyakoM ko AtmA meM ratnatraya kA AvAsa karAne vAlA kahA hai| zramaNoM evaM zrAvakoM ke pRthak-pRthak AvazyakoM kA kathana AcAraviSayaka granthoM meM upalabdha hotA hai| sAmAnya rUpa se Avazyaka kA artha jitendriya vyakti kI avazyakaraNIya kriyAoM se hai / prAkRtakoza 'pAiasaddamahaNNavo' meM avaza kA artha akAma, anicchu, svAdhIna, svatantra, rAga-dveSa se rahita indriyoM kI AdhInatA se rahita kiyA gayA hai|' zrAvaka apanI bhUmikA ke anusAra AvazyakoM kA pAlana karate haiN|
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________________ anekAnta 68/2, apraila-jUna, 2015 zrAvaka ke SaDAvazyaka karma : zrAvaka ke Avazyaka karmoM para samaya-samaya para vicAra hotA rahA hai| kucha ne muniyoM ke SaDAvazyakoM ko hI yathAzakti zrAvakoM ke lie karaNIya mAnA hai to kucha ne muniyoM ke SaDAvazyakoM se bhinna zrAvaka ke SaDAvazyaka svIkAra kiye haiN| AcArya amRtacandra svAmI ne muniyoM ke SaDAvazyakoM sAmAyika, stavana, vandanA, pratikramaNa, pratyAkhyAna aura kAyotsarga ko hI apanI padavI evaM zakti ke anusAra niSevya kahA hai| AcArya amitagati ne bhI muniyoM ke SaDAvazyakoM ko hIzrAvakoM ke SaDAvazyaka svIkAra kiye| zrI jinasenAcArya ne AdipurANa meM zrAvaka ke SaDAvazyaka karmoM kA sarvaprathama ullekha kiyA hai| ve kahate haiM ki bharata rAjarSi ne 'ijyAM vArtA ca dattiM ca svAdhyAyaM saMyamaM tpH| zrutopAsakasUtratvAt sa tebhyaH smupaadisht|| kuldhrmo'ymityessaamrhtpuujaadivrnnnm| tadA bhrtraajrssirnvvocdnukrmaat||7 arthAt bharata rAjarSi ne upAsakasUtra (upAsakAdhyayana nAmaka saptama aMga) se una vratiyoM ke lie ijyA (pUjA), vArtA (vizuddha kRSi Adika AjIvikA), datti (dAna), svAdhyAya, saMyama aura tapa kA upadeza diyaa| yaha zrAvakoM kA kuladharma hai - aisA vicAra kara bharata rAjarSi ne anukrama se arhatpUjA Adi SaT kartavyoM kA upadeza diyaa| yazastilakacampUgata upAsakAdhyayana meM zrI somadevasUri ne vArtA ke sthAna para gurUpAsti ko rakhakara zeSa pA~ca ko yathAvat jinasenAcArya kI taraha hI svIkAra kara liyA 'devapUjA gurUpAstiH svAdhyAyaH sNymstpH| dAnaM ceti gRhasthAnAM SaTkarmANi dine dine| cAmuNDarAya ne cAritrasAra meM 'gRhasthasyejyA vArtA dattiH svAdhyAyaH saMyamaH tapa ityAryaSaTkarmANi bhavanti" kahakara zrI jinasenAcArya ke samAna hI SaTkarmoM ko svIkAra kiyA hai| padmanandipaJcaviMzatikA meM zrI somadevasUri ke hI padya ko yathAvat rakhate hue gRhastha ke dainika SaT karma mAne haiN|
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________________ anekAnta 68/2, apraila-jUna, 2015 sAgAradharmAmRta meM zrI paM. AzAdhara jI pUrvAcAryo dvArA mAnya vArtA athavA gurUpAsti meM se kisI eka kA ullekha na karake mAtra pA~ca karmoM kA zrAvakoM ke lie ullekha karate haiN| - 7 'nityASTAhnikasaccaturmukhamahA kalpadrumendradhvajA vijyA pAtrasamakriyAnvayadayA- dattIstapaH saMyamAn / svAdhyAyaM ca vidhAtumAdRtakRSIsevAvANijyAdikaH zuddhayAptoditayA gRhI malalavaM pakSAdibhizca kSipet // 1 arthAt nityamaha, aSTAhnikamaha, saccaturmukhamaha, kalpadrumamaha aura indradhvajamaha isa prakAra pA~ca prakAra kA pUjana; pAtradatti, samakriyAdatti, dayAdatti aura anvayadatti isa prakAra cAra prakara kA dAna; tapa; saMyama aura svAdhyAya ye zrAvaka ke kartavya haiN| parantu ina pA~coM hI karmoM kA pAlana AjIvikA ke upAyabhUta kaSi, sevA, vANijya Adi ke binA ho nahIM sakatI hai aura kRSi Adi karane meM pApa se bacAva nahIM ho sakatA hai| ataH gRhastha ko jinakathita prAyazcita se yA pakSa, caryA Adi dharmasthAnoM se pApoM ko dUra karanA caahie| dharmasaMgrahazrAvakAcAra meM paM. medhAvI ne zrI jinasenAcArya kA anukaraNa kiyA hai|" kundakundazrAvakAcAra meM dayA, dAna, indriyadama, devapUjA, gurubhakti, kSamA, satya, zauca, tapa evaM asteya ina dasa ko gRhastha dharma kahA gayA hai| 3 padmanandipaJcaviMzatikA meM uddiSTa kramAnusAra zrAvaka ke SaDAvazyaka karmoM kA vivecana isa prakAra hai - 1. devapUjA yadyapi zrI samantabhadrAcArya ne zrAvaka ke SaDAvazyakoM kA ratnakaraNDa zrAvakAcAra meM kathana nahIM kiyA hai, tathApi unhoMne caturtha zikSAvrata vaiyAvRttya ke antargata jinapUjana karane kA vidhAna kiyA hai| ve likhate haiM'devAdhidevacaraNe paricaraNaM sarvaduHkhanirharaNam / kAmaduhi kAmadAhini paricinuyAdAdRto nitym||14 arthAt AdarapUrvaka nitya sarva kAmanAoM ke pUrNa karane vAle aura kAma vikAra ke jalAne vAle devAdhideva zrI jinendra bhagavAn kI sarvaduHkhoM kI vinAzaka paricaryA (pUjA) karanA caahie|
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________________ anekAnta 68/2, apraila-jUna, 2015 svAmI kArtikeya ne proSadhopavAsa ke agrima divasa, zrI jinasenAcArya ne brAhmaNa sRSTi ke bAda tathA zrI amRtacandrAcArya ne prabhAvanA aMga ke aMtargata jinapUjA kA ullekha kiyA hai, kintu koI pUjana vidhi nahI batalAyI hai| zrI somadevasUri ne yazastilakacampUgata upAsakAdhyayana meM pUjana ke bheda tathA usakI vidhi kA vistRta varNana sAmAyika zikSAvrata ke aMtargata kiyA hai| unake anusAra jinendra deva kI pUjA kA upadeza samaya kahalAtA hai evaM pUjaka ke nirdiSTa kArya sAmAyika kahalAte haiN| unhoMne devapUjA ke do rUpa batalAye haiM- tadAkAra aura atadAkAra / puSpAdi meM jinendra deva kI sthApanA karake pUjana karanA atadAkAra pUjA tathA jinabimba kI pUjA tadAkAra pUjA hai| ve spaSTatayA ghoSita karate haiM ki anyamatI pratimAoM meM jinendra deva kI sthApanA karake pUjA nahIM karanA caahie|" cAritrasAra meM bhI cAmuNDarAya ne prAyaH somadevasUri kA hI anusaraNa kiyA hai| 7 - zrImad padmanandi AcArya ne jinadarzana, jinapUjA evaM jinastuti ko zrAvaka ke lie anivArya pratipAdita karate hue likhA hai 'prapazyanti jinaM bhaktyA pUjayanti stuvanti ye / te ca dRzyAzca pUjyAzca stutyAzca bhuvanatraye // ye jinendraM na pazyanti pUjayanti stuvanti na / 8 niSphalaM jIvitaM teSAM teSAM dhik ca gRhaashrmm||18 arthAt jo bhavya jinendra bhagavAn ko bhaktipUrvaka dekhate haiM tathA unakI pUjA-stuti karate haiM; ve bhavya jIva tInoM loka meM darzanIya tathA pUjA ke yogya hote haiM arthAt sarvaloka unako bhakti se dekhatA hai tathA unakI pUjA-stuti karatA hai| jo manuSya jinendra bhagavAn ko bhakti se nahIM dekhate haiM aura na unakI bhaktipUrvaka pUjA-stuti hI karate haiM, una manuSyoM kA jIvana saMsAra meM niSphala hai tathA unake gRhasthAzrama ke lie bhI dhikkAra hai| pazcAdvartI sabhI AcAryoM evaM paNDitoM ne zrAvakAcAraviSayaka granthoM meM devapUjA kA mAhAtmya svIkArate hue svasvAnukUla paddhati se pUjA karane kA vidhAna kiyA hai| ina saba para zrI somadevasUri kA prabhAva spaSTa parilakSita hotA hai| sarvaprathama pUjana kA vyavasthita varNana zrI somadeva sUrikRta yazastilakacampU meM hI upalabdha hotA hai| yadyapi unake pahale zrI jinasenAcArya
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________________ 9 anekAnta 68/2, apraila-jUna, 2015 AdipurANa meM ijyA (pUjA) ke bhedoM kA vistRta nirUpaNa kara cuke the, tathApi vaha vyavasthita paddhati - prarUpaNA nahIM thI / 2. gurUpA AdipurANa ke racayitA zrI jinasenAcArya aura cAritrasArakAra zrI cAmuNDarAya ne zrAvaka ke SaDAvazyaka karmoM meM gurUpAsti ke sthAna para vArtA ko sthAna diyA hai, kintu anya sabhI ne prAyaH gurUpAsti ko zrAvaka kA anivArya kRtya pratipAdita kiyA hai / sampUrNa bhAratIya saMskRti meM guru kI upAsti (upAsanA) kA mAhAtmya sarvasvIkRta hai| zrI samantabhadrAcArya guru kA svarUpa eka tapasvI ke rUpa meM pratipAdita karate hue kahate haiM - 'viSayAzAvazAtIto nirAmbho'parigrahaH / jJAnadhyAnataporaktastapasvI sa prazasyate // 19 arthAt jo paJcendriyoM kI AzA ke vaza se rahita ho, khetI- pazupAlana Adi ke Arambha se rahita ho, dhana-dhAnyAdi parigraha se rahita ho, jJAnAbhyAsa dhyAna-samAdhi aura tapazcaraNa meM nirata ho, aisA tapasvI nirgrantha guru prazaMsanIya hai| guru kI upAsti kA varNana karate hue zrI padmanandi AcArya kahate haiM ki bhavya jIvoM ko prAta:kAla uThakara jinendradeva tathA guru kA darzana karanA cAhie, bhaktipUrvaka unakI vandanA karanA cAhie aura dharma kA zravaNa karanA caahie| isake pazcAt hI buddhimAna logoM ke dvArA anya gRhakArya kiye jAne caahie| puruSArthacatuSTaya meM dharma hI prathama puruSArtha hai| gurupAsti ke mahattva kI vivecanA karate hue ve spaSTatayA kahate haiM'guroreva prasAdena labhyate jnyaanlocnm| samastaM dRzyate yena hastarekheva nistuSam // ye guruM naiva manyante tadupAstiM na kurvate / andhakAro bhavetteSAmudite'pi divaakre||' arthAt jJAna rUpI netra nirgrantha guruoM kI kRpA se prApta hotA hai, jisase samasta padArtha hAtha kI rekhA ke samAna spaSTa rUpa se dRSTigocara ho jAte haiN| jo loga guruoM ko nahIM mAnate haiM aura unakI upAsanA nahIM karate haiM, unake lie to sUrya kA udaya ho jAne para bhI andhakAra hI hai|
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________________ JO anekAnta 68/2, apraila-jUna, 2015 sAgAradharmAmRta meM paNDitapravara AzAdhara jI spaSTa likhate haiM ki pramAda rahita hokara mokSa ke icchuka vyaktioM ke dvArA gurujanoM kI sadA hI upAsanA kI jAnA caahie| una guruoM kI AdhInatA se sampUrNa vighna usI prakAra dUra ho jAte haiM, jisa prakAra garuDa pakSI ke paMkhoM ko or3hakara calane vAle logoM ke pAsa sarpa nahIM A sakate haiN| __ AcArya zrI sakalakIrti dvArA praznottarazrAvakAcAra meM atyanta vistRta varNana guru-upAsanA-viSayaka kiyA gayA hai| ve likhate haiM - 'dezakA ye taranti svayaM saMsAre duHkhsaagre| tArayanti samarthAste pareSAM bhvydehinaam|| gurun saMgavinirmuktAn ye bhajanti budhottmaaH| nAkarAjyAdikaM prApya muktinAthA bhavanti te||2 arthAt jo aneka duHkhoM se bhare hue isa saMsAra-sAgara se svayaM tarate haiM aura samartha ve anya bhavya jIvoM ko pAra karA dete haiM, aise parigraharahita guruoM kI jo zreSTha buddhimAn loga sevA karate haiM, ve svarga, rAjya Adi ko pAkara anta meM mokSa ke svAmI bana jAte haiN| kuguruoM kI upAsanA kA niSedha karate hue ve kahate haiM - 'varaM sarpAricaurANAM saMgaM syAnna paraiH smm| mithyaatvpthsNlgnairnntbhvduHkhdm||23 arthAt sarpa, zatru aura caura Adi kA samAgama karanA acchA hai, parantu mithyAtva mArga meM lage hue ina kuguruoM kA samAgama acchA nahIM hai| kyoMki ye ananta bhavoM taka du:khadAyI banate haiN| ___ isI prakAra dharmApadezapIyUSavarSa zrAvakAcAra, lATIsaMhitA Adi meM guru-upAsanA ke prasaMga meM guru kA svarUpa evaM mAhAtmya uparyukta rIti se pratipAdita kiyA gayA hai| umAsvAmizrAvakAcAra meM kahA gayA hai ki zrAvakoM ko manovAMchita kArya kI siddhi ke lie isa loka meM saMzaya rUpa andhakAra ke nAza ke lie aura paraloka meM sukha pAne ke lie guruoM kI sevA karanA caahie| guNoM se saMyukta guruoM kI mana-vacana-kAya se aura kRta-kArita-anumodanA se mahAn vinaya karanA caahie|
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________________ anekAnta 68/2, apraila-jUna, 2015 11 3. svAdhyAya - svAdhyAya kI gaNanA yadyapi antaraMga tapoM meM kI gaI hai, tathApi zrAvaka ke SaDAvazyaka karmoM meM tapa ke samAviSTa hone para bhI svAdhyAya kA pRthak samAveza svAdhyAya kI zreSThatA ko pradarzita karatA hai| zrI kundakundAcArya kA 'Na hi sajjhAyasamo tavo' kathana isI bhAva kI sArthaka abhivyakti hai| jaina vAD.maya meM vAcanA, pRcchanA, AmnAya, anuprekSA evaM dharmopadeza ke bheda se svAdhyAya ke pAMca bheda kahe haiN| vastutaH inheM svAdhyAya ke pAMca aMga kahA jAnA caahie| apane svarUpa kA vicAra hone se ise svAdhyAya kahA jAtA hai| ___ amitagatizrAvakAcAra meM paJcavidha svAdhyAya ko mukti cAhane vAle puruSoM ko Avazyaka kahA gayA hai - 'vAcanApRcchanAmnAyanuprekSA dhrmdeshnaa| svAdhyAyaH paJcadhA kRtyaH paJcamI gtimicchtaa||'25 padmanandipaJcaviMzatikA meM svAdhyAya kI mahattA kA pratipAdana karate hue kahA gayA hai - 'ye paThanti na sacchAstraM sdguruprkttiikRtm| te'ndhAH sacasuSI'pIha sambhAvyante mniissibhiH|| manye na prAyazasteSAM karNAzca hRdayAni c| yairabhyAse guroH zAstraM na zrutaM naavdhaaritm||26 arthAt jo manuSya uttama guruoM se prakaTa kiye gaye sacce zAstroM ko nahIM par3hate haiM, una manuSyoM ko vidvAn puruSa netradhArI hone para bhI andhe hI mAnate haiN| jina manuSyoM ne guru ke pAsa meM rahakara na to zAstra ko sunA hai aura na hI hRdaya meM dhAraNa kiyA hai, unake kAna evaM mana nahIM hai| ___paNDitapravara AzAdhara ne sAgAradharmAmRta meM svAdhyAya ke lie svAdhyAyazAlA kA bhI mahatva varNita kiyA hai| unakA kahanA hai ki ziSyoM kI taraha guruoM kI buddhi bhI svAdhyAyazAlA ke binA UhApoha rahita hotI huI paricita bhI zAstra ke viSaya meM yA mokSamArga meM andhe ke samAna AcaraNa karatI hai|" ataH sthAna-sthAna para svAdhyAyazAlAoM kI sthApanA karanA caahie| paNDita medhAvI dvArA viracita dharmasaMgrahazrAvakAcAra meM svAdhyAya ko ajJAna kA nAza karane vAlA, utkRSTa tapa, jJAna evaM vairAgyavardhaka, citta ko
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________________ 2 anekAnta 68/2, apraila-jUna, 2015 vaza meM karane vAlA, karmoM kA nAzaka hone se paramparayA mokSa kA kAraNa kahA gayA hai| ve kahate haiM ki pUrvakAla meM jitane siddha hue haiM, AgAmI hoMge tathA vartamAna meM hone yogya haiM, ve saba niyama se svAdhyAya se hI hue haiM tathA hone vAle haiN| ataH saMsAra kA nAza karane vAlA yahI svAdhyAya mokSa kA kAraNa hai| bhavyAtmAoM ko ekAnta sthAna meM baiThakara mana-vacana-kAya kI zuddhipUrvaka nitya tathA naimittika svAdhyAya karanA caahie|28 kundakundazrAvakAcAra meM kahA gayA hai ki caturdazI, amAvasyA, pUrNimA, aSTamI ke dina tathA sUtaka ke samaya aura candra-sUrya ke grahaNa ke kAla meM svAdhyAya nahIM karanA caahie|" 4. saMyama - AtmaniyantraNa kA nAma saMyama hai| athavA pA~ca vratoM kA dhAraNa karanA, pAMca samitiyoM ko pAlanA, krodhAdi cAra kaSAyoM kA nigraha, mana-vacana-kAya rUpa daNDatraya kA tyAga aura paJcendriyoM ke vijaya ko saMyama kahA gayA hai| dhavalA meM kahA gayA hai - _ 'saMyamanaM sNymH| athavA vratasamitikaSAyadaNDendriyANAM dhAraNAnupAlananigrahatyAgajayAH sNymH|'30 ___ mukti kA sAkSAt kAraNa hone se SaDAvazyakoM meM saMyama kA vizeSa mahatva hai| yazastilakacampU meM zrI somadevasUri ne saMyama kI paribhASA karate hue ukta abhiprAya ko isa prakAra abhivyakta kiyA hai - 'kaSAyendriyadaNDAnAM vijayo vrtpaalnm| saMyamaH saMyataiH proktaH zreyaH shryitumicchtaam||31 cAritrasAra meM cAmuNDarAya ne 'saMyamaH paJcANuvratavartanam' kahakara pAMca aNuvratoM ke pAlana ko saMyama kahA hai| AcArya padmanandi ne saMyama nAmaka Avazyaka kA kathana karate hue likhA hai - 'dezavratAnusAreNa saMyamo'pi nissevyte| gRhasthairyena tenaiva jAyate phlvdvtm|| tyAjyaM mAMsaM ca madyaM ca mdhuudumbrpnyckm| aSTau mUlaguNAH proktAH gRhiNo dRssttipuurvkaaH||
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________________ anekAnta 68/2, apraila-jUna, 2015 13 aNuvratAni paJcaiva triprakAraM gunnvtm| zikSAvratAni catvAri dvAdazeti gRhivrte||'33 arthAt dharmAtmA zrAvakoM ko ekadeza vrata ke anusAra saMyama bhI avazya pAlanA cAhie, jisase usakA kiyA huA vrata phalIbhUta hove| zrAvakoM ko madya, mAMsa, madhu tathA pAMca udumbara phaloM kA avazya tyAga kara denA cAhie aura samyagdarzanapUrvaka ina AThoM kA tyAga hI gRhasthoM ke ATha mUlaguNa haiN| pAMca aNuvrata, tIna guNavrata aura cAra zikSAvrata ye gRhasthoM ke bAraha vrata haiN| / ukta kathana se spaSTa hai ki padmanandipaMcaviMzatikA meM ATha mUlaguNoM evaM bAraha vratoM kA saMyama meM samAveza kiyA gayA hai| umAsvAmizrAvakAcAra tathA vAmadevakRta saMskRta bhAvasaMgraha meM prANiyoM kI mana-vacana-kAya se rakSA karane ko prANisaMyama tathA indriyoM ko viSaya se rokane ko indriya saMyama kahate hue saMyama ko do prakAra kA svIkAra kiyA gayA hai| 5. tapa - sabhI jainAcArya isa viSaya meM ekamata haiM ki muniyoM ke samAna ekadeza rUpa meM zrAvakoM ko bhI tapa avazyakaraNIya hai| isI kAraNa tapa ko zrAvaka ke SaDAvazyakoM meM sthAna diyA gayA hai| tapa kI mahimA ke viSaya meM bhagavatI ArAdhanA meM kahA gayA hai - 'taM Natthi jaMNa labbhai tavasA sammaM kaeNa purisss| aggIva tavaM jalio kammataNaM Dahadi ya tvggii||'35 arthAt saMsAra meM aisA koI bhI padArtha nahI hai, jo nirdoSa tapa se puruSa ko prApta na ho ske| jisa prakAra jalatI huI agni tRNa ko jalAtI hai, usI prakAra tapa rUpI agni karmoM rUpI tRNa ko jalAtI hai| ___ zrI amRtacandrAcArya ne puruSArthasiddhayupAya meM yathAzakti tapa karane kA upadeza dete hue use mokSa kA kAraNa kahA hai| ve likhate haiM - 'cAritrAntarbhAvAttapo'pi mokSAgamAgame gditm| anigRhitanijavIryaistadapi niSevyaM smaahitsvaantaiH||'26 arthAt cAritra meM antarbhAva hone se tapa ko bhI Agama meM mokSa kA kAraNa kahA gayA hai, isalie apane sAmarthya ko nahIM chipAkara zrAvakoM ko tapa kA bhI sevana karanA caahie|
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________________ anekAnta 68/2, apraila-jUna, 2015 ve Age likhate haiM ki vaha tapa do prakAra kA hai - bAhya aura antaraMga / bAhya tapa chaH prakAra kA hai anazana, avamaudarya, viviktazayyAsana, rasatyAga, kAyakleza aura vRttisaMkhyAna / " antaraMga tapa bhI cha: prakAra kA haivinaya, vaiyAvRttya, prAyazcita, utsarga, svAdhyAya aura dhyaan| prAyaH anya sabhI zrAvakAcAra viSayaka granthoM meM bhI tapa ko yathAzakti karaNIya mAnate hue usake bAraha bhedoM kA hI vivecana kiyA gayA hai| 38 kundakunda zrAvakAcAra meM lokapUjArtha kiye gaye tapa kI niSphalatA kA vivecana karate hue kahA gayA hai 14 'pUjAlAbhaprasiddhyarthaM tapastapyeta yo'lpadhIH / zoSa eva zarIrasya na tasya tapasaH phalam // 39 arthAt jo alpabuddhi puruSa lokapUjA, arthalAbha aura apanI prasiddhi ke lie tapa tapatA hai, vaha apane zarIra kA hI zoSaNa karatA hai| use tapa kA yathArtha phala nahIM milatA hai| padmanandipaJcaviMzatikA meM kahA gayA hai ki parva ke dinoM meM yathAzakti anazana Adi tapa tapanA cAhie- 'parvasvatha yathAzakti bhuktityAgAdikaM tapa: / '40 isa prasaMga meM AcArya padmanandi ne janagAlana, rAtribhojanatyAga, vratakhaNDaka deza, puruSa, dhana evaM kArya ke Azraya na lene kA vidhAna tathA caturvidha vinaya ke pAlana kA bhI upadeza diyA hai|" anya tapoM ke viSaya meM padmanandipaJcaviMzatikA meM koI spaSTa ullekha nahIM milatA hai| 6. dAna - zrAvaka kA chaThA Avazyaka karma dAna hai| AcAryoM ne gRhasthoM ko pratidina AraMbhajanita pApoM ke prakSAlana ke lie dAna dene kA vidhAna kiyA hai| zrAvakAcAraviSayaka granthoM meM atithisaMvibhAga zikSAvrata ke antargata caturvidha- AhAra, auSadha, abhaya aura jJAnadAna kA vidhAna to kiyA hI gayA hai, kintu usake vizeSa mahattva ke pratipAdana ke lie dAna ko gRhastha ke lie anivArya Avazyaka kRtya ghoSita kiyA gayA hai| jinhoMne SaDAvazyakoM kA pratipAdana nahIM kiyA hai, unhoMne bhI devapUjA ke sAtha dAna kA kathana kiyA hai|
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________________ anekAnta 68/2, apraila-jUna, 2015 AdipurANa meM zrI jinasenAcArya ne dAna ko zrAvakoM ke lie Avazyaka mAnate hue dAna ke dayAdatti, pAtradatti, samadatti aura anvayadatti ye cAra bheda kiye haiN| dayAyogya dIna prANiyoM para mana-vacana-kAya kI nirmalatA ke sAtha anukaMpApUrvaka Dara ko dUra karanA dayAdatti hai| sAdhuoM ko navadhA bhaktipUrvaka AhAra, auSadha Adi pradAna karanA pAtradatti kahalAtA hai| sAdharmI bandhuoM ke lie zraddhApUrvaka bhUmi suvarNa Adi dene ko samadatti kahA jAtA hai tathA apane vaMza kI sthiratA ke lie putra ko kuladharma evaM dhana ke sAtha kuTumbarakSA kA bhAra sauMpanA anvayadatti hai| 12 isakA sakaladatti nAma se bhI ullekha milatA hai| 15 Agama dAna dete samaya pAtra, kupAtra evaM apAtra ke prati sAvadhAnI vartane kA Adeza hai| sAdhu uttama pAtra, vratI zrAvaka madhyama pAtra tathA vratarahita samyagdRSTi ko jaghanya pAtra kahA gayA hai| paJca pApoM kA sevana karane vAlA apAtra hai tathA mandakaSAyI gRhastha kupAtra hai| inameM apAtra ko to dAna denA hI nahIM caahie| sAgAradharmAmRta meM paM. AzAdhara jI ne likhA hai ki pAtra, Agama, vidhi, dravya, deza aura kAla kA ullaMghana nahIM karake yathAzakti dAna denA caahie| anya sabhI zrAvakAcAroM meM bhI dAna kA varNana kiyA gayA hai| zrAvakAcArasAroddhAra meM Aya ke cAra bhAga karake prathama do bhAga bharaNa-poSaNa meM, tIsarA bhAga bhaviSya ke lie saMcayArtha tathA cauthA bhAga dharmArtha vyaya karane vAle ko uttama dAtA mAnA gayA hai| chaThA bhAga dAna dene vAle ko madhyama dAtA tathA dasavA~ bhAga dAna dene vAle ko jaghanya dAtA kahA gayA hai| 4 padmanandipaJcaviMzatikA meM yatIzvaroM ko caturvidha dAna kA kathana karate hue kahA gayA hai ki dharmAtmA gRhasthoM ko muni Adi uttama pAtroM meM zakti ke anusAra dAna avazya denA caahie| kyoMki binA dAna ke gRhasthoM kI gRhasthatA niSphala hai| jo puruSa nirgrantha yatIzvaroM ko AhAra, auSadha, abhaya tathA zAstra caturvidha dAna ko nahIM dete haiM, unake lie ghara jAla haiM tathA unake bandhana ke lie banAye gaye haiN| jisa gRhastha ke dvArA abhaya, AhAra, auSadha evaM zAstra ke dAna karane para RSiyoM ko sukha hotA hai, vaha gRhastha prazaMsanIya kyoM nahIM hogA ? samartha hokara bhI jo puruSa AdarapUrvaka yatiyoM ko dAna nahIM
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________________ anekAnta 68/2, apraila-jUna, 2015 detA hai, vaha mUDha puruSa AgAmI sukha kA svayaM nAza karatA hai| jo gRhasthAzrama dAna se rahita hai, vaha patthara kI nAva ke samAna hai tathA usa para baiThane vAlA manuSya niyama se saMsAra rUpI samudra meM DUbatA hai| ___ Age unhoMne dayAdAna kA varNana karate hue sAdharmiyoM ke prati prIti evaM jIvoM ke prati dayA ke abhAva meM dharma na rahane kI bAta kahI hai| dayA dharma rUpI vRkSa kI jar3a, sarvasampadAoM kA dhAma tathA guNoM kI nidhi hai| jisa prakAra hAra meM phUla sUtrAzrita hote haiM, usI prakAra manuSya meM guNa dayAzrita rahate haiN| vratiyoM ko cAhie ki ve samasta prANiyoM para dayA avazya kreN| parapIDana se pApa kI utpatti hotI hai|7|| uparyukta zrAvaka ke SaDAvazyaka karmoM ke vivecana se hama anAyAsa hI isa niSkarSa para pahu~ca sakate haiM ki padmanandipaJcaviMzatikA meM 1. AcArya padmanandi ne yazastilakacampUkAra zrI somadevasUri dvArA varNita SaDAvazyakoM ko yathAvat svIkAra kara liyA hai| 2. unhoMne devapUjA ke sthAna para devadarzana evaM devastavana ko bhI svIkAra kiyA hai| 3. guruoM kA sammAna na karane vAloM ko ve ajJAna rUpI aMdhakAra se Acchanna mAnate haiN| 4. unake anusAra svAdhyAya guruoM ke pAsa rahakara sadguruoM se sacchAtroM kA hI kiyA jAnA caahie| 5. saMyama meM aSTamUlaguNoM kA pAlana tathA bAraha vratoM kA dhAraNa anivArya hai| 6. kama se kama aSTamI-caturdazI Adi parva tithiyoM meM yathAyogya upavAsa Adi tapa tapanA zrAvaka kA kartavya hai| 7. gRhasthoM ko yathAzakti pAtroM ko caturvidha dAna avazya denA cAhie tathA sAdharmIjanoM ke prati prIti aura dayA yogya janoM ke prati dayA avazya rakhanA caahie| vartamAna yuga meM ina AvazyakoM kA yadi yugAnukUla nyUnatama lakSya nirdhArita kiyA jAye to vizva hiMsA kI vibhISikA se baca sakatA hai|
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________________ anekAnta 68/2, apraila-jUna, 2015 saMdarbha : 1. mUlAcAra, 7.11 2. niyamasAra, 141 3. bhagavatI ArAdhanA, vijayodayA TIkA, 116 4. pAiasaddamahaNNavo, pR. 83 5. jinapuMgavapravacane munIzvarANAM yduktmaacrnnm| sunirUpya nijAM padavIM zaktiM ca nissevymetdaapi|| ityAvazyakaSaTkaM smtaastvvndnaaprtikrmnnm| pratyAkhyAnaM vapuSo vyutsargazceti krttvym|| - puruSArthasiddhyupAya, 1/200-201 6. sAmAyika stavaH prAjJairvandanA sprtikriyaa| pratyAkhyAnaM tanUtsargaH ssoddhaa''vshykmiiritm|| -amitagatizrAvakAra, 8/29 7. AdipurANa, 38/24-25 8. yazastilakacampU, SaSTha AzvAsa, zloka saMkhyA 879 9. cAritrasAra, zIlasaptakavarNanam, zloka 21 ke bAda gadya bhAga 10. padmanandipaJcaviMzatikA, 403, upAsaka saMskAra adhikAra padya-7 11. sAgAradharmAmRta 1/18 12. dharmasaMgrahazrAvakAcAra, 6/26 13. kundakundazrAvakAcAra, tRtIyollAsa, 5 14. ratnakaraNDazrAvakAcAra, 119 15. kArtikyAnuprekSA-75, AdipurANa 28/26, puruSArthasiddhayupAya-125 16. draSTavya- yazastilakacampU, aSTama AzvAsa 17. cAritrasAra, zIlasaptakavarNana, zloka 21 ke bAda kA dvitIya anuccheda 18. padmanandipaJcaviMzatikA, 410-411, upAsakasaMskArAdhikAra 14-15 19. ratnakaraNDazrAvakAcAra, 10 20. padmanandipaJcaviMzatikA, 412-413, upAsakasaMskArAdhikAra 16-17 21. padmanandipaJcaviMzatikA, 414-415, upAsakasaMskArAdhikAra 18-19 22. sAgAradharmAmRta, 46-47 23. praznottarazrAvakAcAra, 3/143-144 24. vahI, 3/153 25. 'gurusevA vidhAtavyA mnovaanychitsiddhye| saMzayadhvAntanAzArthamihAmutra sukhAya c|| ..... guruM binA nako'pyasti bhavyAnAM bhavatAraka:mokSamArgapraNetA ca sevyo'ntaHzrIguruH staam|| guruNAM guNayuktAnAM vidheyo vinayo mhaan| manovacanakAyaizca kRtkaaritsmmtaiH||' - ___ - umAsvAmizrAvakAcAra, zloka 183, 193-194 26. amitagatizrAvakAcAra, 13/81 27. padmanandipaJcaviMzatikA, 461-417, upAsakasaMskArAdhikAra 20-21
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________________ anekAnta 68/2, apraila-jUna, 2015 28. sAgAradharmAmRta, 2/39 29. dharmasaMgrahazrAvakAcAra, 6/211-215 30. 'caturdazIkuhUrAkA'STamISu na ptthennrH| sUtake'pi tathA rAhugrahaNe cndrsuuryyoH||' - kundakundazrAvakAcAra, 8/123 31. dhavalA pustaka 1 khaNDa 1 bhAga 1 sUtra 4 pRSTha 144 32. yazastilakacampU, 8/892 33. cAritrasAra, zloka 21 ke bAda tRtIya anuccheda 34. padmanandipaJcaviMzatikA,, 418-420, upAsakasaMskArAdhikAra 22-24 35. umAsvAmizrAvakAcAra, 201 tathA saMskRta bhAvasaMgraha 160 36. bhagavatI ArAdhanA, 1472 37. puruSArthasiddhayupAya, 197 38. vahI, 198-199 39. draSTavya- yazastilakacampU 8/890, cAritrasArara 21 ke bAda dharmasaMgrahazrAvakAcAra 6/165 ____ lATI saMhitA 6/76-88, umAsvAmizrAvakAcAra 219-23, kundakundazrAvakAcAra 10/25-26 40. kundakundazrAvakacAra, 10/28 41. padmanandipaJcaviMzatikA 421, upAsakasaMskArAdhikAra 25 42. vahI, 422-426, upAsakasaMskAradhikAra 26-30 43. AdipurANa, 38/31-40 44. sAgAradharmAmRta, 2/48 45. zrAvakAcArasAroddhAra, 3/326-334 46. padmanandipaJcaviMzatikA,, 427-431, upAsakasaMskArAdhikAra 31-35 47. vahI, 432-435 (36-41) - adhyakSa, saMskRta vibhAga, esa.DI. (pI.jI.) kaoNleja, mujaphpharanagara (u0pra0)
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________________ anekAnta 68/2, apraila-jUna, 2015 apabhraMza sAhitya meM paryAvaraNa-saMrakSaNa - karmayogI DaoN. surendrakumAra jaina hA 'paryAvaraNa' zabda pari+AvaraNa, ina do zabdoM ke mela se banA hai jisakA artha hai- cAroM ora kA gheraa| manuSya ko yadi kendra mAna leM to usake cAroM ora jitanA bhI dRzyamAna jagat hai vaha saba paryAvaraNa hai jisakA parokSa evaM aparokSa rUpa se hama upabhoga karate haiN| adhyAtma granthoM meM paryAvaraNa ko loka ke rUpa meM bhI abhivyakta kiyA gayA hai| maharSi veda vyAsa ne loka ko pratyakSa rUpa meM dekhane vAle ko sarvadarzI mAnA"pratyakSadarzI lokAnAM sarvadarzI bhvennrH|" isa loka meM sampUrNa dRzyamAna jagat, manuSya, pazu-pakSI evaM anyAnya jar3a-cetana rUpa sabhI padArtha A jAte haiN| paryAvaraNa ke lie AMgla bhASA meM "ENVIRONMENT" zabda prayoga hotA hai jo phreMca zabda "ENVIRON" se banA hai jisakA artha hai AsapAsa kA vaataavrnn| oNksaphorDa sTenDarDa DikzanarI ke anusAra-"paryAvaraNa ("ENVIRONMENT) kA artha AsapAsa kI vastusthiti, paristhitiyA~ yA prabhAva hai|' cembara Tventha sencurI DikzanarI ke anusAra- "paryAvaraNa se tAtparya vikAsa yA vRddhi ko prabhAvita karane vAlI paristhitiyA~ haiN|" arthAt AsapAsa kI yathAsthiti hI paryAvaraNa nahIM hai, apitu paristhitijanya kAraka bhI paryAvaraNa hai jo vikAsa ko prabhAvita karate haiN| hamArA paryAvaraNa jagata pracara prAkatika saMsAdhanoM se sampanna hai jinheM hama tIna bhAgoM meM vibhakta kara sakate haiM - (1) avyayI prAkRtika saMsAdhana- vAyumaNDala, jala, caTTAnoM, saura UrjA kA sakala parimANa jo sRSTi meM vidyamAna hai; ye avyayI prAkRtika saMsAdhana haiN|
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________________ anekAnta 68/2, apraila-jUna, 2015 (2) vyayI prAkRtika saMsAdhana- inheM gatika yA punarnavya prAkRtika saMsAdhana bhI kahate haiN| isake aMtargata upayoga yogya jala, vanaspatiyA~, jantu, mAnava janasaMkhyA, khanija poSaka dravya, oNksIjana, kArbanaDAyaAksAiDa, urvara mRdA Adi Ate haiN| (3) saMcita prAkRtika saMsAdhana- inheM vyayazIla yA apunarnavya saMsAdhana kahate haiN| inake antargata Thosa mRdA, parvata, caTTAna Adi, jIva prajAtiyA~, prAkRtika bhUkhaNDa, bhUgarbhIya jala, koyalA, prAkRtika gaiseM, peTroliyama padArtha, sonA, cA~dI hIrA Adi khanija Ate haiN| ukta prAkRtika saMsAdhana mAtra sAdhana hI nahIM apitu hamArI samRddhi ke bhI pratIka haiM; jinase hamArA paryAvaraNa cetanA prApta karatA hai| Aja paryAvaraNa ke lie paristhitikI ko prathama sthAna para rakhA jAne lagA hai| aMgrejI zabda ECOLOGY kA hindI rUpAntara paristhitikI hai| ikAlaoNjI zabda grIka mala oikAsa (OIKOS) arthAta ghara evaM laoNjI (LOGY) arthAt adhyayana se banA hai| astu ikAlaoNjI kA zAbdika artha 'gharoM kA adhyayana' athavA adhika vistRta bhAva meM nivAsa sthAna (paryAvaraNa) kA adhyayana karanA hai| ise 'paryAvaraNa jIvavijJAna' bhI kahA jAtA hai| ikAlaoNjI ke hindI paryAya paristhitikI kI vyutpatti saMskRta ke mUla pari upasarga sahita sthA dhAtu se ktin pratyaya lagAkara bane zabda sthiti se huI hai, jisakA artha cAroM ora vidyamAna una dazAoM se hai jo prabhAva DAlatI hai evaM svayaM bhI prabhAvita hotI hai| kisI 'jIva' kI 'paristhiti' kA adhyayana hI pAristhitikI hai|"3 pAristhitikI ke antargata nimnalikhita kSetra pramukhataH adhyayana kI paridhi meM Ate haiM 1. purA pAristhitikI (Poleo Ecology) 2. jalAzaya pAristhitikI (Limnology) 3. sAgara citraNa (Oceanogrophy) 4. tejovira pAristhitikI (Radio Ecology) 5. jIva bhUgolavijJAna (Biogeogrophy)
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________________ anekAnta 68/2, apraila-jUna, 2015 6. kRSi pAristhitikI (Agriculture Ecology) 7. vAnikI (Forestry) 8. matsya pAlana jIvavijJAna (Fishery Biology) 9. vanya jIva prabaMdha (Wild life Management) 10. aMtarikSa pAristhitikI (Space Ecology) 11. mAnuSa pAristhitikI (Human Ecology) Aja paryAvaraNa ko vyApaka AdhAra dete hue pA~ca bAtoM para dhyAna kendrita kiye jAne kI AvazyakatA hai; yathA 1. Ecology =pAristhitikI 2.Economics =arthazAstra 3. Energy=UrjA ___ 4.Employment =rojagAra 5.Equity =samAnatA ukta pA~ca bAtoM ke samanvaya se hI paryAvaraNa ko surakSita banAyA jA sakatA hai| hamAre AsapAsa jo dikhAI detA hai vaha vAyu, jala, miTTI (pRthvI), AkAza, manuSya, per3a-paudhe, samudrIjIva-jantu, pakSI sabhI paryAvaraNa ke aMga haiN| eka kA abhAva dUsare ke jIvana ko asurakSita kara degaa| yaha mAtra kalpanA nahIM apitu yathArtha hai| Dagalasa va haoNleMDa ke anusAra- "paryAvaraNa yA vAtAvaraNa vaha zabda hai jo samasta bAhya zaktiyoM, prabhAvoM aura paristhitiyoM kA sAmUhika rUpa se varNana karatA hai, jo jIvadhArI ke jIvana, svabhAva, vyavahAra aura abhivRddhi, vikAsa tathA praur3hatA para prabhAva DAlatA hai|" ataH jo kucha bhI hamAre cAroM ora vidyamAna hai aura jo hamAre rahana-sahana kI dazAoM tathA mAnasika kSamatAoM ko prabhAvita karatA hai; vahI paryAvaraNa kahalAtA hai| suprasiddha paryAvaraNavid ke anusAra- paryAvaraNa vizva kA samagra dRSTikoNa hai| sAmAjika, Arthika taMtroM, jaivika/ajaivika rUpoM ke vyavahAra, AcArapaddhati tathA sthAna kI guNavattA; ve guNoM ke AdhAra para eka-dUsare se alaga hote haiM; ye sabhI paryAvaraNa ke sAtha kArya karate haiN|" / paryAvaraNa (saMrakSaNa) adhiniyama, 1986 kI dhArA 2 (ka) se paryAvaraNa kI paribhASA isa prakAra hai- paryAvaraNa meM mAnavIya prANI, anya jIva-jantu, paudhe, sUkSma jIvANu tathA sampatti meM aura unake madhya vidyamAna
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________________ anekAnta 68/2, apraila-jUna, 2015 antarsambandha sammilita hai|" bhAratIya saMvidhAna ke hI sekzana 48 e meM forals fo- "Protection and improvement of environment and safeguarding of forests and wildlife"arthAt paryAvaraNa saMrakSaNa evaM saMvarddhana tathA vana evaM vanya pazu kA sNrkssnn| isa taraha sekzana 49e (jI) #fra fo- "It shall be the duty of every citizen of India to protect and improve the natural environment, including forests, lakes rivers and wildlife and to have compassion for living creatures." vAstava meM pazu-pakSI to apanA kAma svabhAvataH karate hI haiN| manuSya hI aisA prANI hai jisake jimme saMrakSaNa kA kArya hai| vaha apane kartavya se vimukha ho jAye to ghAtaka bhI bana sakatA hai| viveka, buddhi evaM puruSArtha sampannatA manuSya se apekSAoM ko bar3hAtI hai| manuSya ke cAroM ora kI sRSTi-pRthvI, jala, agni, vAyu aura AkAza ko paryAvaraNa ke nAma se abhihita kiyA jAtA hai| manuSya, pazu, pakSI, per3a-paudhe, jIva-jantu cAhe vaha thala ke hoM, nabha ke hoM yA jala ke hoM; sabhI kA astitva paryAvaraNa ke santulana para nirbhara karatA hai| jIva rakSA ke lie pRthvI ThaharAne kA kArya karatI hai, jala jIvana dene kA kArya karatA hai, agni USmA pradAna karatI hai, AkAza avakAza (sthAna) detA hai aura vAyu prANazakti pradAna karatI hai| jIva-jagat ko vRkSoM se bhojana kA upahAra milatA hai| yadi pRthvI, jala, agni, AkAza aura vAya apane karttavya se cyata ho jAyeM to manuSya kA astitva hI nahIM balki sRSTi kA astitva bhI samApta ho jaayegaa| ataH paryAvaraNa kI rakSA karanA vivekazIla mAnava kA prathama kartavya hai| mAnava vivekazIlatA kI pahacAna usake soca evaM kArya se hotI hai| sampUrNa prANiyoM aura prakRti meM jijIviSA aura AtmA ko mAnane vAlA jIva na to kisI prANI ko mAregA, na kisI per3a paudhe ko naSTa kregaa| vaha to prakRti ke sAtha-sAtha prANI mAtra ke hitoM kA saMvardhana kregaa| prakRti hameM jIvana detI hai| usakA daihika zoSaNa ucita nahIM kahA jA sktaa| jabaki yaha nIti svayaM prasiddha hai ki nadiyA~ svayaM apanA jala
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________________ anekAnta 68/2, apraila-jUna, 2015 nahIM pItIM, vRkSa apane phala svayaM nahIM khAte, gAyeM apanA dUdha nahIM pItIM balki ye saba paropakAra ke lie hI jIte haiN| kahA bhI hai paropakArAya phalanti vRkSAH paropakArAya vahanti nadyaH / paropakArAya duhanti gAvaH, paropakArArthamidaM shriirm|| manuSya kA saMyamita jIvana paryAvaraNa kA hitakAraka hai| jainAcAryoM kA spaSTa mata hai ki sabhI prANI, sabhI jIva tathA sabhI tattva mArane yA hanana karane yogya nahIM hai / mana, vacana aura karma meM se kisI eka ke dvArA bhI kisI prakAra ke jIvoM kI hiMsA na honA; aisA vyavahAra hI saMyamI jIvana hai 23 savve pANA savve jIvA savve sattA vA haMtavyA...... / tesiMha acchaNa jo evaM, NiccaM hoyavvaNaM siyA // maNasA kAyavakkeNa evaM havai saMjama || prakRti mAnava kI cirasaMginI hai| manuSya kA prakRti ke sAtha rAgAtmaka sambandha rahatA hai| prakRti kI goda meM hI vaha palA bar3hA hai| nadI, prapAta, vRkSa, latA, kuMja, upavana use AkarSita karate rahe haiN| vanaspatiyoM ne usakI bhUkha miTAyI hai to nadiyoM ke jala ne pyaas| AkAza ne use AdhAra diyA hai to vAyu prANavAyu banakara use nava jIvana pradAna karatI rahI hai| pRthvI use 'artha' se jor3e hue hai| prakRti se cher3achAr3a, rAsAyanika bahisrAva, paramANavika kacarA, tejAbI varSA aura vAyumaNDala meM lagAtAra bar3ha rahI kArbana DAioNksAiDa kI mAtrA ke kAraNa mAnava ke lie pAristhitika saMkaTa utpanna ho gayA hai| paribhASA ke anusAra pAristhitikI vaha adhyayana hai jo vibhinna jIvoM ke sambandha meM unake apane-apane paryAvaraNa ke viSaya meM kiyA jAtA hai / isake aMtargata sampUrNa jaiva jagat yAnI kavaka sahita paudhe, sUkSma jIva sahita jAnavara aura manuSya taka A jAtA hai| phira svayaM paryAvaraNa bhI hai jisameM jaivamaNDala meM vidyamAna cetana jIva hI nahIM balki prakRti meM kriyAzIla sacetana zaktiyA~ bhI haiN| Aja vAyu pradUSaNa, jala pradUSaNa, dhvanipradUSaNa, sthalIya pradUSaNa,
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________________ anekAnta 68/2, apraila-jUna, 2015 reDiyodharmI pradUSaNa, jaivika pradUSaNa se vyakti parezAna hai| isake pramukha kAraNa haiM- vAhita mala, gharelu apamArjaka, kITANunAzaka padArtha, apatRNanAzI padArtha, dhuA~, svataH cala nirvAtaka (Automobile Exhaust), audyogika ucchiSTa, kUr3e karakaTa tathA lAzoM kA sar3anA, reDiyodharmI padArtha, paramANu kcraa| inase bacAva kA mArga hameM khojanA hogaa| Aja ho rahe hRdaya, zvAsa saMbaMdhI roga, TI.bI. eDsa, kuSTaroga, carmarAgAdi ke kAraNa yahI pradUSaNa hai| hamAre AcAryoM, kaviyoM ne nIroga zarIra aura niroga AtmA kA darzana duniyA~ ko diyaa| apabhraMza sAhitya kI paramparA prakRti se jur3I hai| hama prakRtijIvI haiM, prakRti premI hai aura prakRti kI ora vApisa calo kI nIti para calane vAle haiN| hama rAjanaitika arthoM meM nahIM kintu prAkRtika artha 'Back to Nature' ke pakSadhara haiN| isI kA pramukha sUtra hamAre AcArya zrImad yogIndudeva ne 'yogasAra' (59) kI isa kArikA meM hameM diyA aura kahA ki jehau suddha ayAsu jiya tehau appA vuttu|' arthAt he jIva! jaise AkAza zuddha hai vaisI AtmA bhI zuddha kahI gayI hai| kitane durbhAgya kI bAta hai ki Aja AkAza bhI zuddha nahIM raha gayA hai| vaha viSailI gaisoM se bhara gayA hai| prAkRta meM 'rukkhamaha' zabda vRkSa pUjA ke lie prayukta huA hai| apabhraMza sAhitya ke adhyetA zrI harivaMza kochar3a ke anusAraaprabhaMza bhASA kA samaya bhASA vijJAna ke AcAryoM ne 500 I. se 1000I. taka batAyA hai kintu isakA sAhitya hameM lagabhaga 8vIM sadI se milanA prAraMbha hotA hai| prApta apabhraMza sAhitya meM svayaMbhU sabase pUrva hamAre sAmane Ate haiN| apabhraMza sAhitya kA samRddha yuga 9vIM se 13vIM zatAbdI taka hai|' _ apabhraMza sAhitya ke pramukha racanAkAroM meM hama mahAkavi svayambhU, mahAkavi puSpadanta, kavi addahamANa (abdula rahamAna), mahAkavi raidhU, joindu, vivudha zrIdhara, kavi lakSmaNadeva, kavi dhanapala, kanakAara, rAmasiMha Adi pramukha haiN| inake sAhitya meM hameM prakRti ke aneka rUpa dekhane ko milate haiN|
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________________ 25 anekAnta 68/2, apraila-jUna, 2015 mahAkavi puSpadanta (mahApurANa 2/13) ne prAkRtika sarasa saundarya kA atyanta nikaTa se sAkSAtkAra kiyA hai| eka udAharaNa dekhie paDu taDi-vaDaNa paDiya biyaDAyala, rujjiya sIha daaunno| __Nacciya matta mora kala-kala-rava, pUriya sayala kaannnno|| vibudha zrIdhara ne vaDDamANacariu meM zvetachatranagarI ke varNana meM likhA hai jahi jala-khAiyahi trNg-pNti| sohadapavaNAhaya gynnpNti| Nava-NaliNi smubbhv-pttnniil| NaM jaMgama-mahihara mAla liil|| arthAta zvetachatra nagarI kI jala-parikhAoM meM pavanAhata hokara taraMga-paMkti aisI zobhita hotI thIM, mAnoM gagana-paMkti hI ho| navanalinI apane pattoM sahita mahIdhara ke samAna zobhita hotI thii| eka ora yaha sthiti thI dUsarI ora yaha hai ki nadiyoM taka meM bhI taraMgeM nahIM hai| nadiyoM ko isa kadara pradUSita kiyA gayA hai ki unake pAnI se sar3AMdha A rahI hai| jIva-jantu mara rahe haiN| nadiyoM ke pradUSita pAnI ko pIkara aneka bImAriyoM ke zikAra ho rahe haiN| jisa gaMgA nadI ko pApahAriNI, patitahAriNI, patitapAvanI mAnA jAtA thA vaha isa taraha dUSita ho gayI hai ki bhArata sarakAra ko usakI svacchatA ke lie alaga maMtrAlaya banAnA par3A hai| muni kanakAara (muni kanakAmara) ne karakaMDucariu meM gaMgA kA jIvanta varNana karate hue likhA thA kigaMgApaesu saMpattaeNa gaMgANai diTThI jNtenn| sA sohai siya-jala kuDilavaMti, NaM seyabhuvaMgaho mahila jNti| durAu vahatI aivihAI, himavaMta-giriMdaho kitti nnaaiN| vihiM kUlahiM loyahiM NhataehiM Aiccaho jalu priditiehiN| dabbhaMkiyauDahiM karayalehiM Nai bhaNai NAi~ eyahiM chlehi| hau~ suddhiya NiyamaggeNa jAmi mA rUsahi ammaho uvari saami||10 __ arthAt zubhra jalayukta, kuTilapravAha vAlI gaMgA aisI zobhita ho rahI thI mAno zeSanAga kI strI jA rahI ho| dUra se bahatI huI gaMgA aisI dikhalAI par3atI hai jaise vaha himavaMta girIndra kI kIrti ho| donoM kUloM para nahAte hue aura Aditya ko jala car3hAte hue, darbha se yukta U~ce uThAye hue
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________________ anekAnta 68/2, apraila-jUna, 2015 karataloM sahita logoM ke dvArA mAnoM isI bahAne se nadI kaha rahI hai- "maiM zuddha hU~ aura apane mArga se jAtI huuN| he svAmI ! mere Upara rUSTa mata hoiye|" 26 isI taraha mahAkavi raidhU ne pAsaNAhacariu meM sukhadAyaka vana kA prasaMga upasthita kiyA hai uvveiya citai so vaNi pattaugirikaMdara bhuuruhghnnAUM| miyayaNasohillau hari, kohillaukheyara - suraha~ suhAvaNau~ // 11 zrIdhara dvitIya (vivudha zrIdhara ) ne bhavisayattacariu meM prakRti citraNa karate hue likhA hai kiteM bAhuDaMDe kamalasiriputteNa rAyavaraho jaMtAsu mayajalavilittAsu sahAsu loMDatu hariphalaI toMDatu / mahAvagghu Alaggu roseNa paribhaggu ketthuvi siyAlAI jujjhati thUlAI tahe pAse Nijjharai saraMtaI girikandara- vivarAI bharata || 2 yahA~ bhAva yaha hai ki bhaviSyadatta bhayAnaka vana meM madajala se bhare hue hAthiyoM ko dekhatA hai| isa vana meM kahIM para zAkhAmRga (baMdara) nirbhaya hokara DAliyoM se cipake hue the, kahIM para choTI aura kahIM para AkAza ko chUne vAlI bar3I bRkSa zAkhAoM para loTate hue hare phaloM ko tor3ate hue vAnara dikhalAI de rahe the| kahIM para puSTa zarIra vAle suara, kahIM para vikarAla kAla ke samAna vanya pazu dikhalAI par3a rahe the| usI ke pAsa meM jharanA pravAhita ho rahA thA, jo pahAr3a kI guphAoM ko apane kala-kala zabda se bhara rahA thA / diTThAI tiriyAI bahudukhabhariyAI kitthuvi mahIyAhaM gayaNayalavigayA haM ketthavi varAhAMha valavaMtarehAhaM / ketthavi virAlaI diTaThar3a karAlAI Aja sahaja rUpa meM vana - pazu dikhAI nahIM dete| ve zikAriyoM aura mAMsAhAriyoM kI bheMTa car3ha cuke haiN| kala-kala karate jharane kaba ke kAla kavalita ho gaye haiN| pahale to nagara kI samRddhi bhI prakRti sampannatA se jhA~kI jAtI thii| saMdeza rAsaka (chanda-183) meM abdula rahamAna ne prakRti kI udAsInatA ko priya ke arasikapane se jor3ate hue likhA hai kiki tahi desiNahu phurai junha Nisi Nimmala cNdh| aha kalarau na kuNati haMsa phala sevi raviMdaha /
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________________ anekAnta 68/2, apraila-jUna, 2015 aha pAyau Natu par3hai koI sulaliya puNa raainn| aha paMcamu Nahu kuNai koi kAvAliya bhaainn| mahamahai ahava paccUsi Nahu osasittu dhaNa kusuma bhru| aha muNiu pahiya, aNarasiu piu sarai samai ju na sarai ghru||'' __ bhAva yaha hai ki kyA usa deza meM rAtri meM nirmala candramA kI jyotsnA nahIM sphurita hotI yA kamala ke phaloM kA sevana karake haMsa kalarava nahIM karate.... yA pathika, maiM yaha mAna lU~ ki priya arasika ho gayA hai| ___ apabhraMza bhASA ke mahAkavi puSpadaMta ne apane dvArA racita AdipurANa meM magadha deza kA varNana karate hue likhA hai ki- "vaha magadha deza, sImAoM aura udyAnoM se hare-bhare bar3e-bar3e gA~voM, garajate hue vRSabha samUhoM aura dAna dene meM samartha lobha se rahita kRSaka samUhoM se nimya zobhita rahatA jahA~ kamala lakSmI se sneha karate haiM lekina candramA ke sAtha unakA bar3A virodha hai| yadyapi donoM samudra maMthana se utpanna huI haiM lekina jar3a (jar3atA aura jala) se paidA hone ke kAraNa ve isa bAta ko nahIM jaante| jahA~ IkhoM ke kheta rasa se paripUrNa haiM, mAnoM jaise sukaviyoM ke kAvya hoN| jahA~ lar3ate hue bhaisoM aura bailoM ke utsava hote rahate haiM, jahA~ mathAnI ghumAtI huI gApiyoM kI dhvaniyA~ hotI rahatI haiM, jahA~ capala pU~cha uThAye hue bacchoM kA kula hai, aura khelate hue gvAlabAloM se yukta gokula hai| jahA~ cAra cAra aMgula ke komala tRNa hai aura saghana dAnoM vAle dhAnyoM se bharapUra kheta haiN| mahAkavi puSpadanta ne NAyakumAra cariu meM rAjagRha nagara ko prakRti se sampanna batAte hue likhA hai ki joyai va kamalasaraloyaNehiM Naccai va pvnnhlliyvnnehi| lhikkar3a va laliyavallIharehiM ullasai va bhujinnvrherehiN|| vaNiyaU va visamavammahasarehiM kaNai va paaraavysrehiN| parihai va saparihAdhariyaNIru paMgurai va siypaayaarciiru|| NaM parasiharaggahiM saggu chivai NaM caMda-amiya-dhArAu piyi|
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________________ anekAnta 68/2, apraila-jUna, 2015 kaMkumachaDaeM Na raihi raMgaNAvai dkkhaalie-suhpsNgu|| viraiyamottiya raMgAvalahijaM bhUsiu NaM haaraavaalhi| ciMdhehiM dhariya NaM paMcavaNNu cauvaNNajaNeNa vi aikhnnnnu||15 arthAt vaha (rAjagRha) nagara mAnoM kamalasarovara rUpI netroM se dekhatA thA, pavana dvArA hilAye hue vanoM ke rUpa meM nRtya kara rahA thA tathA lalita latAgRhoM ke dvArA mAno lukAchipI khelatA thaa| aneka jinamandiroM ke dvArA ullasita ho rahA thaa| kAmadeva ke viSama vANoM se ghAyala hokara mAnoM anurakta parevoM ke svara se cIkha rahA thaa| parikhA meM bhare hue jala ke dvArA vaha nagara paridhAna dhAraNa kiye hue thA tathA apane zveta prakAra rUpI cIra ko or3he thaa| vaha apane gRha zikharoM kI coTiyoM dvArA svarga ko chU rahA thA aura mAnoM candra kI amRtadhArA ko pI rahA thaa| kuMkuma kI chaTAoM se jAna par3atA thA jaise vaha rati kI raMgabhUmi ho aura vahA~ ke sukha-prasaMgoM ko dikhalA rahA ho| vahA~ jo motiyoM kI raMgAvaliyA~ cala rahI thIM, unase pratIta hotA thA, jaise mAnoM vaha hAra-paMktiyoM se vibhUSita ho| vaha apanI uThI huI, dhvajAoM se paMcaraMgA aura cAroM vargoM ke logoM se atyanta ramaNIka ho rahA thaa| eka hindI lokagIta meM nIma ke per3a ko nahIM kATane kI prArthanA sasurAla jAtI huI biTiyA karatI hai| vaha kahatI hai ki nimiyA kau pair3o jina kATiyo bAbula, nimiyA meM ciraI ko bAsa more laal|| ciraI na kAU dukha deya ju bAbula, biTiyA ciraiyA kI nAI more laal|| sabarI ciraiyA~ ur3ai jaiheM bAbula, rai jaihe nimiyA bisUra more laal|| sabarI biTiyA sAsure jaihe bAbula, rai jaihe maiyA bisUra more laal||16 Aja hama tarakkI ke lie per3a kATa rahe haiM aura kAMkrITa ke jaMgala khaDA kara rahe haiN| jo hamArI muzkileM bar3hA rahe haiN| eka zAyara ne ThIka likhA hai ki
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________________ anekAnta 68/2, apraila-jUna, 2015 29 tarakkI jisa taraha duniyA ko hAsila hotI jAtI hai| sitama hai jindagI utanI hI muzkila hotI jAtI hai // kavi lakSmaNadeva ne miNAhacariu meM likhA ki "kiM phullaI gaMdha - vivajjieNa 17 arthAt gandharahita phUla se kyA (lAbha) ? phUla to ve haiM jo khuzabU deM, vAyu ko mahakAyeM, vAtAvaraNa ko, paryAvaraNa ko mahakA deM kintu cAroM ora phailI viSAkta vAyu nAka para rUmAla rakhakara calane ke lie vivaza karatI hai aura taba hameM patA calatA hai ki hamane udyAnoM, upavanoM ko naSTakara kyA hAsila kiyA hai? hamAre apabhraMza ke adhikAMza kavi jainadharmI rahe haiM ataH unheM prakRti se vizeSa lagAva rahA hai| ve aSTamUlaguNa pAlana ke pakSadhara rahe haiN| vikrama kI 10vIM zatI meM hue kavi dhanapAla ne aSTamUlaguNoM ke viSaya meM kahA hai ki mahu majju maMsu paMcuvarAi khajjaMti Na jammaMtara samAI // 18 arthAt madhu, madya, mAMsa aura pA~ca udumbara phaloM ko kisI bhI janma meM nahIM khAnA caahie| 'bhAvasaMgraha' (gAthA 356) meM AcArya zrI devasena ne bhI aSTamUlaguNa pAlana para jora diyA haimahumajjumaMsaviraI cAo puNa uMvarANa paMcanhaM / aTThede mUlaguNa havaMti phuDDa deshvirymmi||19 inake mUla meM bhI jIva jagat aura vanaspati jagat ke saMrakSaNa kI bhAvanA rahI hai| jo paryAvaraNa saMrakSaNa ke lie jarUrI hai| bhagavAn mahAvIra svAmI ne kahA thA ki jaisA vyavahAra tumheM priya nahIM hai vaisA tuma bhI dUsaroM ke sAtha mata kro| paropakAra bhI hamAre lie iSTa hai| apabhraMza ke kavi zrI suprabhAcArya ne vairAgyasAra meM paropakAra karane kI preraNA dI hai| prakRti paropakAra karatI hai| ve likhate haiM ki suppara bhai re dhammiyahu, khasahu ma dhamma NiyANi / je sUraggami dhavala dhari, te aMdhavaNa msaann|| supa bhaI mA pariharahu para - uvacAra ( yAra ) caratthu / sasi sUra duhu aMdhavaNi aNahaM kavaNa thiratthu // 20 arthAt he dhArmiko! nizcita dharma se skhalita na ho / sUryodaya ke
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________________ anekAnta 68/2, apraila-jUna, 2015 samaya zubhra gRha the, ve hI sUryAsta para zmasAna ho gye| ataeva paropakAra karanA mata chor3o, saMsAra kSaNika hai| hA~, prakRti bacatI hai ataH prakRti kA saMrakSaNa kreN| isa prakRti kI prakRti bhI bacAyeM aura mAnava prakRti ko bhii| mahAkavi puSpadanta ne uttarakurubhUmi kI carcA karate hue AdipurANa sandhi-26, padya-2 aura 3 meM vahA~ kI jamIna, vahA~ ke jala aura vahA~ ke kalpavRkSa kA varNana kiyA hai| vahA~ sone hI jamIna hai, pAnI aisA mIThA ki jaise rasAyana ho| jahA~ sUrya kalpavRkSoM ke dvArA sattAIsa yojana taka AcchAdita hai| jahA~ sukha utpanna karane vAle dasa vRkSa haiM jo jana-mana kA haraNa karate haiM aura cintita phala dete haiN| madyAMga vRkSa, harSayukta peya aura madya, vAditrAMga, turaMga aura sUrya, bhUSaNAMga hAra, keyUra aura Dora, vastrAMga vastra, gRhAMga ghara, jo mAno zarada megha hoN| bhAjanAMga vRkSa, aMgoM ko dIpti dene vAle taraha-taraha ke bartana dete haiM aura jo bhojanAMga vRkSa haiM, ve vividha bhojya padArtha tathA rasayukta saikar3oM prakAra ke bhojana dete haiN| mAlyAMga nAma ke vRkSa dete hai una puSpoM ko jinase manuSya kA sammAna bar3hatA hai,punnAga, nAga, zreSTha pArijAta, bhramaroM se sahita navamAlAe~ nirdoSa dIpAMga vRkSa timirabhAva ko naSTa karane vAle dIpa dete haiN|22 Aja bhale hI kalpavRkSa hamAre bIca na hoM kintu vanaspati jagat abhI pUrI taraha naSTa nahIM huA hai, jo bacA hai use bacA sakate haiM kyoMki hamArA bhojana, hamArI bhUSA (vastra), hamAre bheSaja (auSadhi) vanaspati jagat para hI nirbhara hai| saMdeza rAsaka addahamANa (abdula rahamAna) kI racanA hai jisameM 223 chanda (pada) hai| isameM Izvara dvArA budhajanoM ke kalyANa kI kAmanA kI gayI hai aura kahA hai ki vaha Izvara budhajanoM kA kalyANa kare; jisane samudra, pRthvI, parvata, vRkSa tathA AkAza rUpI A~gana meM tAroM kI racanA kI hai| ve likhate haiM rayaNAyara dhara giritaruvarAi~ gayaNaMgaNami rikkhaaiiN|
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________________ anekAnta 68/2, apraila-jUna, 2015 31 jeNaijja sayala siriyaM so buhayaNa vo sivaM deu||23 / yahA~ cU~ki racanAkAra IzvaravAdI hai ataH usane prakRti ko Izvara racita mAnA hai kintu bhAva yahI hai ki jisa taraha Izvara tumheM priya hai to usakI banAI prakRti se bhI prema kro| prakRti kalyANakArI hotI hai ataH usakA saMrakSaNa karanA caahie| saMdeza rAsaka kA Rtu varNana bhI bar3A prabhAvI hai| revaMtagirirAsa meM vijayasenasUri (1231 I. ke lagabhaga likhita) ne prakRti kA ramaNIka citra isa prakAra khIMcA hai koyala kalayalo mora kekArao sammae mahuyara mahura guMjAravo, jalada jAla baMbAle nIjharaNi ramAulu rehai, ujjila siharu ali kajjala saamlu|24 isa prakAra hama dekhate haiM ki apabhraMza sAhitya meM prakRti aura saMrakSita paryAvaraNa ke aneka citra samAhita hai| inase hama paryAvaraNa ke saMrakSaNa kI preraNA pA sakate haiN| Aja hama nagaroM meM rahate haiM kintu nagara meM rahane ke sAtha mAnoM hama bhUla hI gaye haiM ki nagara kI samRddhi nadI, vana, pazu-pakSI, jharane, udyAna Adi se bhI hotI hai aura yaha mAnava ke saMrakSaNa ke lie jarUrI hai| apabhraMza sAhitya meM Agata nagara varNana isa bAta kI puSTi karate haiN| Aja AvazyakatA hai ki hama apabhraMza sAhitya ke ina sandarbho ko aura adhika ujAgara kareM tAki paryAvaraNIya pradUSaNa dUra ho aura prakRti-paryAvaraNa saMrakSita rhe| saMdarbha : 1. Oxfort Advanced Learners Dictionary of Current English-3rd Edition, P.292 2. Chammer's Twentieth Century Dictionary, P.312 3. pAristhitikI paricaya : devendrapratApa nArAyaNa siMha, pR. 2 4. Adhunika jIvana aura paryAvaraNa : dAmodara zarmA, harizcanda vyAsa, pR.30 5. AcArya yogIndudeva : yogasAra, kArikA-59 7. apabhraMza sAhitya : harivaMza kochar3a, pR. 34
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________________ anekAnta 68/2, apraila-jUna, 2015 8. mahAkavi puSpadanta : mahApurANa 2/13, hindI sAhitya kA itihAsa : DaoN. nagendra, pR. 59 9. vibudha zrIdhara : baDDumANacariu 10. muni kanakAara (muni kanakAmara) : karakaMDucariu 11. mahAkavi raidhU : pAsaNAhacariu, 6/1, ghattA-110 12. zrIdhara dvitIya (vibudha) : bhavisayattacariu 13. abdula rahamAna : saMdeza rAsaka, chanda-183 14. mahAkavi puSpadanta, AdipurANa, sandhi-1, padya-11 15. mahAkavi puSpadaMta : NAyakumAra cariu 16. bundelI lokagIta 17. kavi lakSmaNadeva : NemiNAhacariu 18. kavi dhanapAla chanda 16/8 19. AcArya zrI devasena : bhAvasaMgraha, gAthA-356 20. suprabhAcArya : vairAgyasAra, 2,3 21. mahAkavi puSpadaMta : AdipurANa sandhi-26, padya-2,3 22. vahI, sandhi-26, ghattA-2, padya-3 23. addamANa (abdula rahamAna) : saMdeza rAsaka, padya-1 (saMdeza rAsaka, saMpAdaka- AcArya hajArI prasAda dvivedI tathA vizvanAtha tripAThI, caturtha saMskaraNa-1992, pR. 143 24. vijayasenasUri : revaMtagirirAsa - ela-65, nyU indirAnagara, jilA- burahAnapura (ma.pra.)
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________________ anekAnta 68/2, apraila-jUna, 2015 karAdhAna aura acauryANuvrata - DaoN. prazAnta jaina IsA kI dasavIM zatAbdI ke suprasiddha rAjazAstrI jainAcArya somadevakRta nItivAkyAmRta kauTilyakRta arthazAstra ke samAna utkRSTa rAjanItika racanA hai| isameM zAsana saMcAlana ke maulika siddhAntoM kA bahuta hI sucAru DhaMga se pratipAdana kiyA gayA hai| kauTilya ke matAnusAra svAmI, amAtya, janapada, durga, koza, daNDa aura mitra ye rAjya kI sAta prakRtiyA~ kahI gaI haiN| smRtikAroM ne ukta sAta prakRtiyoM ko rAjya ke sAta aMga kahA hai| yadyapi nItivAkyAmRta meM ina sAta aMgoM kA hI kramazaH vistRta varNana kiyA gayA hai, kintu inheM saptAMga kahakara ullikhita nahIM kiyA hai| zukrAcArya rAjya ko eka puruSa mAnakara rAjya ke sAta aMgoM kI tulanA manuSya ke zarIra ke sAta avayavoM se karate haiN| ve rAjA ko mastaka, maMtriyoM ko netra, mitroM kI mAna, koza ko mukha, bala (senA) ko mana, durga ko hAtha evaM rASTra ko paira kahate haiN| koza kI tulanA mukha se isalie kI gaI hai, kyoMki jaise makha meM khAyA gayA bhojana samasta aMgoM ko zakti pradAna kara unheM paSTa karatA hai. vaise hI rAjakoza meM dhana jamA hone se sabhI aMgoM kI puSTi hotI hai| ___ nItivAkyAmRta kA prAraMbha aise rAjya ko namaskAra ke sAtha huA hai, jisameM prajA ko dharma artha evaM kAma ina tIna puruSArthoM ko pradAna karane kI sAmarthya ho| artha kI mahattA kA vivecana karate hue zrI somadevAcArya kahate haiM ki jo manuSya ke sabhI laukika evaM pAralaukika prayojana kI siddhi karatA hai, use artha kahA jAtA hai| ataH rAjya kA kartavya hai ki vaha aisA vAtAvaraNa utpanna kare jisase vyakti kRSi tathA anya udyoga-dhandhoM meM lagakara artha ko arjita kara ske| arjita dhana ko dAna, dharma, paropakAra Adi zreSTha kAryoM meM vyaya karane ke sAtha rAjA ko kara ke rUpa meM bhI pradAna karane kA vidhAna jainAcAryoM ne kiyA hai, tAki rAjya ke prajAkalyANa ke kArya nirvighna sampanna ho sake tathA rAjA ke dvArA Apaddharma kA bhI pAlana
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________________ anekAnta 68/2, apraila-jUna, 2015 kiyA jA ske| AcArya somadeva ne sabhI prakAra ke aparAdhoM (Arthika bhI) ke lie daNDa kA bhI vidhAna kiyA hai| unake anusAra aparAdhI ko aparAdha kI prakRti ke anusAra daNDa denA Avazyaka hai| ve kahate haiM ki yadi daNDa kI ucita vyavasthA nahIM hogI to rAjA meM mAtsyanyAya kA sRjana ho jaayegaa| arthAt jaise bar3I machalI choTI machalI ko nigala jAtI hai, usI prakAra se bar3e yA dhanADhya loga choTe yA nirdhana logoM ko kaSTa pahu~cAne lgeNge| rAjya kA kArya yadi prajA kI surakSA evaM Arthika samRddhi karanA hai to prajA kA kArya bhI samIcIna kara dekara rAjya kI sthiti ko sudRr3hatA pradAna karanA hai| kisI bhI deza kA samRddhizAlI honA vahA~ ke koza para nirbhara hai| rAjya ke do hI AdhAra stambha hote haiM- koza evaM sainybl| nItivAkyAmRta meM koza ko rAjAoM kA prANa kahA gayA hai| AcArya somadeva ne koza ko paribhASita karate hue kahA hai ki jo saMkaTa ke samaya meM sainya ko susaMgaThita karane ke lie dhana ko bar3hAtA hai, use koza kahA jAtA hai| koza kI pUrti ke lie kara, daNDa ke rUpa meM prApta dhana evaM rAjya ke Aya ke anya aneka sAdhana hote haiN| inameM karAdhAna rAjya kI Aya kA pramukha sAdhana hai| ataH rAjA prajA para use pIr3ita na karatA huA usI ke anuraMjanArtha vividha karo kA vidhAna karatA hai tathA karavacana karane vAloM kA taraha taraha ke yathAyogya daNDa kA bhI vidhAna karatA hai| __Rgveda meM kara ke lie bali zabda aura karadAtA ke lie balidRta zabda kA prayoga huA hai, jo yaha spaSTa karane meM samartha hai ki prAcIna kAla se hI kara kI paramparA vidyamAna rahI hai| manusmRti meM bhI kara ke lie bali zabda kA prayoga kiyA gayA hai| AcArya somadeva koza kI vRddhi ke lie upAya batalAte hue kahate haiM ki nimnalikhita se kara liyA jAnA cAhie1. dharmAnuSThAna evaM yajJAdi karane bAda avaziSTa dhanarAzi para brAhmaNa se 2. parivAra ke pAlana-poSaNa ke pazcAt zeSa dhanarAzi para vyApArI se 3. atyanta dhanavAn vyakti se 4. ni:santAna vyakti se 5. vidhavAoM ke samUha se 6. kApAlikoM se __ nItivAkyamRtakAra ke anusAra jo sampattizAlI vyakti hai, unakI sampatti kA vibhAjana karake nirvAha yogya dhana se zeSa dhana para rAjA nivedana
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________________ 35 anekAnta 68/2, apraila-jUna, 2015 karake kara ke rUpa meM prApta kre| isI prakAra mantrI, purohita Adi evaM adhInastha sAmantoM se bhI nivedana karake kara ke rUpa meM dhana kI yAcanA kare tathA apane koza ko bddh'aave|" AcArya somadeva kA kahanA hai ki jo rAjA Aya kA vicAra na karake AvazyakatA se adhika vyaya karatA hai, vaha asaMkhya dhana-sampatti kA svAmI hone para bhI bhikSuka ke samAna AcaraNa karane vAlA bana jAtA hai| ___ karAdhAna ke sambandha meM nItivAkyAmRta meM kahA gayA hai ki rAjA ko rAjakIya kara kA nirdhAraNa apane mana se na karake dharmazAstroM meM kahe anusAra karanA caahie| kyoMki rAjA yadi prajA se anyAyapUrNa DhaMga se tRNazalAkA bhI letA hai to pUjA ko kaSTa hotA hai tathA usakI pIDA se rAjA kA koza naSTa ho jAtA hai| AcArya somadeva kahate haiM ki rAjA ko kara ke vaikalpika upAyoM se kozavRddhi karanA caahie| ve vaikalpika upAya nimnalikhita ho sakate haiN| yathA - 1. juA meM jIte gaye dhana ko barAmada krke| 2. aparAdhiyoM ke jurmAne se| 3. yuddha meM mAre gaye logoM kA parivAra na hone pr| 4. tAlAba, nadI, mArga meM vismRta dhana kA svAmI na milane pr| 5. corI kA dhn| 6. viplava Adi ke kAraNa janatA dvArA chor3A gayA dhana aadi| ___ mahAbhArata ke zAnti parva meM kahA gayA hai ki rAjA ko pUjA se mAlI kI bhAMti kara grahaNa karanA cAhie na ki koyalA phUMkane vAloM ke smaan|5 koyalA banAne vAle to sampUrNa vRkSa ko hI jar3a sahita kATa letA hai, jabaki mAlI AvazyakatAnusAra phUloM ko hI tor3atA hai| ataH soca vicAra kara hI kara lagAnA caahie| aisA na ho ki vyApAriyoM ko apane vyApAra meM lAbha bhI prApta na ho aura kara bhI adhika denA pdd'e| isase to arAjakatA phaila jaayegii|6 manusmRtikAra ne kara kA vidhAna isa prakAra kiyA hai1. sonA evaM pazuvikraya se prApta lAbha kA pacAsavA~ hissaa| 2. kRSi Aya para bArahavA~, AThavA~ yA chaThA hissaa| 3. zeSa sabhI vastuoM kI bikrI para Aya kA chaThA hissaa||"
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________________ anekAnta 68/2, apraila-jUna, 2015 . viSNudharmasUtrakAra kara kI sImA nizcita karate hue deza meM bane samAna para dasavA~ hissA tathA AyAtita sAmAna para mUlya kA bIsavA~ hissA vyApAra kara yA bikrIkara ke rUpa meM grahaNa karane kA vidhAna karate haiN| somadevAcArya kara kI sImA nirdhArita na karake use yathAyogya kahate haiM para rAjA ko SaSThAMzavRtti kahe jAne se vaha sImA Aya ke chaThe hisse se adhika nahIM mAnI jA sakatI hai| vAdirAjasUrikRta pArzvanAthacarita meM rAjA kI Aya ke sAdhanoM meM kara lene kA ullekha kiyA gayA hai| prajA ke atirikta vijita rAjAoM para bhI kara lagAyA jAtA thaa| kara utanA hI honA cAhie jitanA dekara vyakti Ananda kA anubhava kre| kSatracUDAmaNi meM kahA gayA hai ki mahArAja jIvandhara ko kara dekara prajA Ananda kA anubhava karatI thii| samudra se vyApAra karane vAle sArthavAha bhI rAjA ko vyApAra kara pradAna karate the| vartamAna kara vyavasthA : ___ vittIya varSa 2014-2015 (01 apraila 2014 se 31 mArca 2015 taka) kara nirdhAraNa varSa 2015-2016 ke lie Ayakara kI sImA isa prakAra nirdhArita kI gaI hai - (1) ativariSTha nAgarika (80 varSa yA adhika Ayu vAle strI-puruSa) ru. 5,00,000.00 taka ru. 5,00,001.00 se 10,00,000.00 - 20 pratizata ru. 10,00,0001.00 se lekara Age - 30 pratizata (2) variSTha nAgarika (60 varSa se 80 taka kI Ayu vAle puruSa tathA strI AyakaradAtA kisI bhI Ayu kI strI Ayakara dAtA) ru. 3,00,000.00 taka kucha nahIM ru. 3,00,001.00 se 5,00,000.00 taka 10 pratizata ru. 5,00,001.00 se 10,00,000.00 taka 20 pratizata ru. 10,00,0001 se lekara Age 30 pratizata (3) anya vyakti/ hindu saMyukta parivAra ru. 2,50,000.00 taka ru. 2,50,001.00 se 5,00,000.00 taka 10 pratizata kucha nahIM kucha nahIM
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________________ anekAnta 68/2, apraila-jUna, 2015 ru. 5,00,001.00 se 10,00,000.00 taka - 20 pratizata ru. 10,00,001.00 se lekara Age - 30 pratizata isake atirikta eka karor3a se adhika kI Aya para 5 pratizata adhibhAra (saracArja) bhI lgegaa| ukta vivaraNAnusAra Ayakara evaM adhibhAra kI kula rAzi para upakara kA vidhAna bhI pUrvavat hI rakhA gayA hai, jo 2 pratizata zikSA upakara+1 pratizata mAdhyamika evaM ucca zikSA zulka bhI hai| dhArA 88 ke antargata ru. 1,50,000.00 taka kI rAzi kI bacata karamukta hai, pI.pI.epha. se arjita karamukta byAja isI meM sammilita hai| bacata khAte se prApta baiMka byAja ke ru. 10,000.00 karamukta hai| zeSa sabhI prakAra ke byAja Aya meM jor3e jaayeNge| yaha pUrNatayA satya hai ki pratyeka dezabhakta vyakti prajA ke kalyANa kAryoM ke lie Ayakara denA cAhatA hai, kintu Ayakara kI prakriyA itanI jaTila dhArA, upadhArA, niyama, upaniyama evaM adhiniyamoM ke AdhIna hai tathA kAnUnI dAva-pecoM para nirbhara hai ataH loga Ayakara vivaraNI karane se bacanA cAhate haiM tathA ve na cAhate hue bhI Ayakara kara corI meM pravRtti karane lagate haiN| vAstava meM kara kI bar3I mAra evaM jaTilatA ne vyakti ko corI ke lie vivaza kiyA hai, vaha usakI nisargaja pravRtti nahIM hai| vyApAra kara rAjyoM kA viSaya hone se pRthak-pRthak rAjya ke pRthak-pRthak vyApArakara liyA jAtA hai| isa kAraNa sImAvartI loga anya rAjya se vastue~ lAkara becate haiM tathA kara corI meM barabasa pravRtta ho jAte haiN| aisI sthiti meM kara corI rokane ke lie maMhagAI, Ama AdamI kI jarUratoM tathA AmadanI ko vicArakara karanirdhAraNa kI AvazyakatA hai| __jaina paramparA meM zrAvaka ke pAMca aNuvratoM meM acaurya nAmaka aNuvrata sadAcArajanya eka aisA sAdhana hai to sabhI prakAra ke cauryakRtya ko rokane meM samartha hai| kara corI kI jo vividha dhArA-upadhArAyeM daNDa kA vidhAna karatI haiM, ve acauryANuvrata se AsAnI se samAhita dekhI jA sakatI hai| ataH acauryANuvrata ke svarUpa ke sAtha-sAtha usake aticAroM (doSoM) kI vivecanAoM
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________________ anekAnta 68/2, apraila-jUna, 2015 ko samajhanA Avazyaka hai| acaurya kA ullekha asteya nAma se bhI kiyA gayA hai; kyoMki caurya evaM steya paryAyavAcI haiN| asteya yA acaurya vrata ke do bheda haiM- mahAvrata aura annuvrt| mahAvrata muniyoM ke lie hotA hai| vaha kabhI bhI vastu ko grahaNa karatA hI nahIM hai, ataH use parAI vastu ko dekhakara use grahaNa karane ke bhAva ko tyAgane kI bAta kahI gaI hai| zrImatkundakundAcArya ne niyamasAra meM spaSTatayA kahA hai 'gAme vA Nayare vA raNe vA pecchiUNa prmtthN| mucadi gahaNabhAvaM tidiyavadaM hodi tssev||23 arthAt jo grAma, nagara yA vana meM para vastu ko dekhakara use grahaNa karane kA bhAva chor3a detA hai, usakA tRtIya acaurya mahAvrata hotA hai| __ jaina sAdhu acaurya vrata ke pUrNatayA pAlaka hote haiM tathA karAdhAna se unakA koI sambandha nahIM hai, ataH yahA~ acauryANuvrata para hI vicAra prAsaMgika hai| acauryANuvrata kA lakSaNa : __paJcANuvratoM ke prasaMga meM tRtIya acauryANuvrata kA lakSaNa karate hue zrI samantabhadrAcArya ne likhA hai "nihitaM vA patitaM vA suvismRtaM vA prsvmdisRssttm| na harati yanna datte tdkRshcauryaadupaarmnnm||24 arthAt jo rakhe hue, gire hue yA bhUle hue yA dharohara rakhe gaye para dravya ko na to haraNa karatA hai, na anya kisI ke lie detA hai, vaha sthUla rUpa se acaurya vrata arthAt acauryANuvrata hai| / prAyaH sabhI zrAvakAcAra praNetAoM ne acauryANuvrata kA milatA-julatA svarUpa hI varNita kiyA hai| hA~, itanA avazya hai ki corI Adi pApoM meM pramAda kA yoga rahatA hai| AcArya amRtacandra to corI ko bhI hiMsA hI mAnate haiN| unakA kathana hai - 'avitIrNasya grahaNaM parigrahasya pramattayogAt yt| tatpratyeyaM steyaM saiva ca hiMsA vadhasya hetutvaat|| arthA nAma ya ete prANA ete bahizcarAH puNsaam|| harati ca tasya prANAn yo yasya jano hrtyrthaat||25
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________________ anekAnta 68/2, apraila-jUna, 2015 arthAta jo pramAda ke yoga se dasare dvArA nahI diye gaye parigraha ko grahaNa karatA hai, use corI samajhanA cAhie aura vaha corI prANaghAta kA kAraNa hone se hiMsA hI hai| dhana puruSoM ke bAhirI prANa mAne jAte haiM, ataH jo usake dhanoM kA apaharaNa karatA hai, vaha usake prANoM kA hI haraNa karatA hai| zrAvakAcAroM ke anuzIlana se jo phalitArtha nikalatA hai, use isa prakAra dekhA jA sakatA hai(1) pAnI, ghAsa Adi sarvayogya vastuoM kA grahaNa corI nahI hai| (2) uttarAdhikAra meM prApta dhana kuTumbI ko mara jAne para grahaNa karanA corI __nahIM hai| kintu jIvita avasthA meM binA pUche grahaNa karanA corI hai| (3) riktha (mRta svAmI kA dhana), nidhi aura nidhAna se prApta dhana rAjA kA hotA hai, usakA grahaNa karanA corI hai| (4) kisI kharIde gaye makAna meM, mArga meM, pAnI meM, vrata meM yA parvata meM milA dhana kA grahaNa karanA corI hai| isa dhana para rAjA kA adhikAra hotA hai| (5) vastu merI hai yA nahI hai- aisI saMzayAspada vastu kA grahaNa karanA bhI corI kI zreNI meM hI AtA hai| vibhinna AcAryoM ne apane AcArazAstraviSayaka granthoM meM acauryANuvrata ke phala evaM corI pApa ke phala kA kvacit saMkSipta evaM kvacit vistRta varNana kiyA hai| sarvArthasiddhi meM AcArya pUjyapAda kahate haiM ki cora kA saba loga tiraskAra karate haiN| vaha isa loka meM tADana, mAraNa, bandhana, chedana, bhedana evaM sarvasvaharaNa Adi duHkhoM ko prApta karatA hai tathA paraloka meM azubha evaM garhita gati kI prApta karatA hai|" vasunandizrAvakAcAra meM corI ke phala kA varNana karate hue kahA gayA hai ki cora isa loka aura paraloka meM yAtanAoM ko pAtA hai| vaha kabhI bhI sukha nahI pAtA hai| vaha bhaya se thara-thara kAMpatA rahatA hai, idhara-udhara bhAgatA phiratA hai, dikha jAne ke Dara se lukatA-chipatA phiratA hai| vaha apane mAtA-pitA, guru, mitra, svAmI yahA~ taka ki tapasviyoM taka ko kucha nahIM ginatA hai| cora ko ArakSaka rassiyoM se bAMdhakara pakar3a lete haiN| ve bar3A aparAdha hone para zUlI taka para car3hA dete haiN| para loka meM bhI durgati ko pAtA hai| sAvayadhammadohA meM to kahA gayA hai ki corI cora
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________________ anekAnta 68/2, apraila-jUna, 2015 kA hanana to karatI hI hai, parantu vaha anya bhI bahuta se klezoM kI khAni hai| vaha kuTumba kA bhI anartha karatI hai aura kula ke yaza evaM dhana kI bhI hAni karatI hai| acauryANuvrata ke aticAra (doSa) : tattvArthasUtrakAra AcArya umAsvAmI ne yadyapi jo aticAra ginAye haiM, ve vrata ke haiM tathApi acaurya vrata ke prasaMga meM parimANita pAMcoM aticAroM kA sIdhA sambandha acauryANuvrata se hI hai| ataH unakA ullekha acauryANuvrata ke aticAra ke rUpa meM kiyA jA rahA hai- 'stenpryog-tdaahRtaadaanviruddhraajyaatikrm-hiinaadhikmaanonmaan-prtiruupkvyvhaaraaH| 30 jainAcAraviSayaka sabhI granthoM meM kvacit zabdAntara ke sAtha inhIM pAMca aticAroM kA vivecana huA hai| yathA - 1. stenaprayoga- corI kI preraNA karanA, karAnA yA anumodanA karanA athavA corI karane kA upAya sujhAnA stena prayoga nAmaka aticAra (doSa) hai| 2. tadAhRtAdAna- cora ke dvArA curAI gaI vastu kA grahaNa karanA yA corI kA mAla kharIdanA tadAhRtAdAna nAmaka aticAra hai| 3. viruddharAjyAtikrama- rAjya niyamoM ke viruddha AcAraNa karanA, Aya hone para bhI nirdhArita Ayakara na denA, vyApAra meM hue lena-dena ko chupAnA, tAki vyApAra kara bacAyA jA sake, Tola Taiksa yA cuMgI Adi niyamAnusAra na denA, vastuoM kA isalie nirdhArita sImA se adhika saMgraha karanA tAki maMhage dAmoM meM becI jA sake, rAjya dvArA pratiSiddha vastuoM ko chipAkara becanA, kAlAbAjArI karanA Adi viruddharAjyAtikrama nAmaka aticAra ke antargata Ate haiN| kara (Taiksa) kI corI hone se ise acauryANuvrata ke aticAra meM rakhA gayA hai| 4. hInAdhikamAnonmAna- mApa evaM taula ke nirdhArita pramANoM- mITara, lITara, kilogrAma Adi ko lene-dene ke irAde se kama-jyAdA pramANa vAle rakhanA hInAdhikamAnonmAna nAmaka aticAra hai| droNa, prastha Adi vastu mApane ke sAdhana mAna tathA baoNTa Adi vastu ko taulane ke sAdhana unmAna kahalAte
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________________ anekAnta 68/2, apraila-jUna, 2015 41 5. pratirUpakavyavahAra- uttama yA adhika mUlya kI vastu meM hIna yA kama mUlya kI vastu milAkara becanA, tAki adhika munAphA liyA jA ske| pratirUpakavyavahAra nAmaka aticAra hai| / yadyapi ukta pA~ca aticAra kabhI-kabhI aise pratIta hote haiM, jaise ye aticAra na hokara anAcAra yA sAkSAt corI hI hoM, tathApi inase vrata kA ekadeza bhaMga aura ekadeza abhaMga arthAt vrata kI bhaMgAbhaMga sthiti hone ke kAraNa inheM aticAra mAnA gayA hai| inakA daNDavidhAna prAcInakAla meM bhI utanA nahIM thA, jitanA cora dvArA corI kiye jAne kA thA, kintu ina doSoM kA bhI daNDa thA jo kabhI-kabhI sudhAra ke avasara ke rUpa meM cetAvanI yA kara ko bar3hAkara grahaNa karane ke rUpa meM dRSTigocara hotA hai| Aja bhI bhAratIya daNDasaMhitA kI dhArAoM meM corI kI prakRti aura corI ke doSa kI prakRti ke AdhAra para daNDa meM tAratamya kI sthiti dekhI jAtI hai| sUryodaya kI bhAvanA vAle jainAcAryoM ne jahA~ AcAra ke rUpa meM samAja ko sukhI evaM samRddhizAlI banAne kI koziza kI hai, vahA~ niyamoM kA ullaMghana karane vAloM ke lie prAyazcita evaM daNDavidhAna kA bhI yathocita nirdeza kiyA hai| bhAratIya daNDa saMhitA (Indian Penal Code) kI dhArA 121-140, 172-190 ko virUddharAjyAtikrama meM samAviSTa kara sakate haiM, dhArA 230-263 ko pratirUpakavyavahAra evaM viruddharAjyAtikrama tathA dhArA 264-267 ko hInAdhikamAnonmAna meM sammilita kara sakate haiN| dhArA 121 se 140 taka rAjyaviruddha evaM sevA sambandhI aparAdhoM ke viSaya meM hai| dhArA 172-190 rAjyasevakoM dvArA kI gaI rAjakIya AdezoM kI avahelanA ke viSaya meM hai tathA dhArA 264-267 mApa-taula sambandhI aparAdhaviSayaka hai| rAjakIya sikkoM tathA sarakArI sTAmpa kI corI tathA jAlI sikkoM ke banAne evaM sTAmpa pepara ke chApane sambandhI dhArA 230-263 ko hama pratirUpakavyavahAra evaM viruddharAjyAtikrama meM samAviSTa kara sakate haiN| sampatti sambandhI aparAdha kI dhArAoM 378-462 meM se katipaya ko acauryANuvrata ke aticArAM meM dekhA jA sakatA hai| ___ ataH corI ke aparAdha se bacane evaM usake doSoM ke bhAgI banane se bacane ke lie acauryANuvrata kA niraticAra pAlana Avazyaka hai| jainAcAra meM
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________________ anekAnta 68/2, apraila-jUna, 2015 acauryANuvrata kA pAlaka corI sambandhI aparAdha evaM doSoM meM pravRtti se baca sakegA aura phalataH use tajjanya daNDa se mukti mila skegii| karacorI se bacAva ke lie katipaya sujhAva : (1) kara dene evaM vivaraNI bharane kI prakriyA saralatama ho| (2) kara lagAne kI prakriyA bhAratIya vidhAnoM ke anukUla ho| karamukta rAzi mahagAI ke anupAta meM ho| mahagAI 100pratizata se adhika bar3ha jAne para bhI Ayakara kI sImA mAtra 25pratizata bar3hAI gaI hai| (3) sabhI prakAra ke upakara samApta hoM tAki sAmAnya Ayakara dAtA ko parigaNana ke lie vakIloM ke cakkara na kATanA pdd'e| (4) vyApAra kara meM doharI praNAlI (kendrIya kara, rAjyakara, sthAnIya kara, upakara Adi) samApta kI jaaye| (5) rAjakIya kharce bacAkara kara ko AsAnI se dene yogya banAyA jA sakatA hai| (6) karacorI ko protsAhana dene vAlI 80-jI Adi dhArAoM meM chUTa ke prAvadhAna para punarvicAra kiyA jaaye| saMdarbha : 1. kauTilya arthazAstra, 6/1 2. yAjJavalkya smRti, 1/353, nAradasmRti-5 3. zukranIti, 1/61-62 4. nItivAkyAmRta, 5/ 2 5. vahI, 2/1-2 6. vahI, 9/7 7. vahI, 21/5 8. vahI, 21/1 9. Rgveda, 7/6 10. manusmRti, 7/80 11. nItivAkyAmRta, 11/14 12. vahI, 16/18 13. vahI,16/13 14. vahI, 9/5 15. mahAbhArata, zAntiparva 71/20 16. vahI, 87/13-14 17. manusmRti, 7/129-131 18. viSNudharmasUtra, 3/29-131 19. pArzvanAthacarita, 1/66 20. vahI, 1/67 evaM 2/113 21. kSatracUDAmaNi, 11/5 22. vahI, 3/11 23. niyamasAra, gAthA 58 24. ratnakaraNDazrAvakAcAra, zloka 57 25. puruSArthasiddhayupAya, 102-103 26. draSTavya- kArtikeyAnuprekSA, 34-35, upAsakAdhyayana, 249-358, cAritrasAra, amitagatizrAvakAcAra, 59-63, sAgAradharmAmRta 4/50, praznottarazrAvakAcAra caturdaza pariccheda, guNabhUSaNazrAvakAcAra, 3/27, lATIsaMhitA, 5/29-36, umAsvAmIzrAvakAcAra, 357-366, pUjyapAdazrAvakAcAra 23, vratodyotanazrAvakAcAra 94, kundakundazrAvakAcAra 406 aadi|
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________________ anekAnta 68/2, apraila-jUna, 2015 27. sarvArthasiddhi, 7/9, 29. sAvayadhammadohA, 48 28. vasunandizrAvakAcarAra 101-111, 30. tattvArthasUtra, 7/27 - ema.kaoN., ema.AI.TI., pI.eca.DI., pradhAnAcArya- jaina iMTara kAleja, khekar3A (bAgapata) u0pra0 preraka bodhakathA jIvana kA tIsarA AyAma - vItarAgatA | - jIvana kA prathama AyAma hai - 'rAga', jo moha kA anuvartI hotA hai| - jIvana kA dUsarA AyAma hai - 'dveSa', jo rAga kA pratipakSI hai| |- jIvana kA tIsarA AyAma hai - 'vItarAga'- rAga se pare, phira dveSa kA kAraNa hI miTa jAtA hai| - vItarAga- samatA ke sAgara meM anAsakti ke motI hai| | - hameM jisake prati rAga hotA hai, use apane pAsa rakhanA cAhate haiM, aura jisake prati dveSa hai, use dUra karanA cAhate haiN| vItarAgI meM na sammohana hotA hai aura na hI vitRssnnaa| RSi yAjJavalakya kI do patnI thiiN| kAtyAyanI aura maitreyii| jaba ve vairAgya bhAva se Azrama chor3ane lage, to pUrNa parigraha se rahita hone ke lie unhoMne donoM ko bulAkara- Azrama kI sabhI vastue~ AdhI AdhI bA~Tane ko khaa| kAtyAyanI rAjI ho gyii| lekina maitreyI ne upaniSada kA eka sUtra kahakara isakA rahasya jAnanA cAhA- "yenA'haM nAmRtA syAm, kimahaM tena kuryAm' arthAt jise pAkara maiM amara na ho sakU~ use lekara maiM kyA karU~gI ? yadi dhana aura vastue~ Apake lie vyartha ho gayI, to hameM kisalie de jA rahe ho? aura yadi sampadA sArthaka hai to Apa chor3akara kyoM jA rahe ho? RSi yAjJavalakya dharma saMkaTa meM paDa gye| saca meM- maitreyI ne jIvana kA tIsarA AyAma udghATita kara diyaa| (sau bodha kathAoM se sAbhAra- lekhaka paM. nihAlacaMda jaina)
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________________ 3h 68/2, 3 -1, 2015 JAIN MODEL OF LIFE SPAN : A Scientific Approach - Dr Samani Chaitya Pragya Abstract We observe a great difference of life span among species and so also among the members of the species. What determines the length of life is a problem of the present research. It is hypothised that a number of factors play their role in life span determination and there exists an intricate relation between these factors. It analyzes various factors that determine the life span both in the field of Jainism and science and concludes that a life span is determined by a number of factors, namely - karma, genes, prc'a and other factors and there exists an intricate relation between these factors. All of them as a team determine the lifespan. Some men live more than 100 years, No mouse lives more than 4 years. Why is it two more than 4 years. Why two mammalian species so similar in many ways should have such a very different life spans? During past twenty years, Gerontology has attracted the interest of increasing number of biologists. This has led to rapid accumulation of knowledge regarding ageing. But still very little is known as Mc dawar (1946) opines - "The problems of natural death and old age are hardly yet acknowledged to be within the province of genuine scientific enquiry." Yet we see that a number of hypotheses have been and is being put forward various scientists, as follows:
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________________ 31 68/2, 3 -4, 2015 Wear and tear theory: According This view the cells, just as a meaning through continuous working undergoes wear and tear process as they become old and finally die. In early 1960s, Radiation included somatic mutation hypothesis contested that other theory of ageing which probably provoked more experience total work than any other, was somatic mutation theory, which hypothesized that death of cell is due to accumulation of mutations in ordinary somatic cells of the body and the ionizing radiation a very potent mutagenic agent is one of the most effective ways of short timing the life of experimental animals. The error catastrophe hypothesis: In 1963 Orgel suggested that progressive decrease in accuracy of protein synthesis might be one of the factors contributed age related deterioration of cells.2 Codon Restriction Hypothesis: Strechler (1967) the propounder of this theory suggests that as a result of differentiation, cell loses the ability to translate genetic information. Free radical hypothesis: According to this hypothesis the freeradicals (unpaired electrons) are left out, due to oxidation taking place in the cells. And these free-radicals in turn damage the nucleic acids of cells (DNA) thus leading to death of the cell.? Programme theory: Development, differentiation and programmed senescence is two outcome concept of codon restriction theory according to which, senescence is the result of genetic programme that bring about differentiation is accepted. According to Kanugo H.S. (1999) Ageing is passive process that occur from failure of the organism or the system to maintain various activities. All activities are controlled by enzymes and proteins, which in turn are coded by genes. It is due to failure
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________________ 3h 68/2, 3 -1, 2015 of several genes to maintain their activity. Though genes such as ced-3 and ced-4 genes cause the death of certain predetermined cells during development of carnorhabities elegance is known, Still Kanugo concludes that it is suggested that no specific gene causing ageing is not yet been found because no specific character initiates ageing in all individuals of species. Since there is no specific timed changes or events that leads death, searching for gene is futile. But recently the scientists in Britain (2007) have found a gene as IRS-1 as the gene that that controls the function of insulin is found to regulate lifespan as well. The mice without the gene were seemed to live longer and healthier'. Vital energy - Hypothesis : The 100 Volt bulb glows, until the current flows in it, once the circuit is off, even the bulb is. Similarly why cannot we assume a kind of vital energy which flows in our life, and keep us alive and that once it comes to an end even the life? What is vital energy (vitality?) Considering the general meaning of it, genentologists including Raymond pearlOne of the founders of modern gerontology explain vitality as "By vitality we mean nothing move than ability to sustain life the ability to survive." In Jainism the word pran is used for vitality Which is defined in and Gommamsara as follows: PraGanti jehiA jiva paGa te honti niddhitatta PraGiti jivati ebhiriti praGati? means the energy by which soul attains living is praGa.
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________________ FI 68/2, 3 -A, 2015 There are 10 kind of prana or vitalities explained in Gommamasara in the following verse: paEcavi iEdiynamanvaci kayike'u anapanap ana aupanena Honti dasa paGa There are 10 kinds of vital energy viz. the five sensual vital energiesi 3 The powers of body mind and speech 1 The respiratory vital energy 1 The vital energy of life span. Here, the last vital energy of life-span is considerable, which is force by which life exists. What regulates the vital energy? A magnet attracts the pran fillings very easily with its magnetic force and when moved it attracts more. So is the soul attracts the karmic particles through attracted its passion and attracts more with activity of body, mind and speech. ThaGaA enumerates eight kinds of karma as follows: jivaGaA ammha kammapadio cinimsuv a cinamti va taA jahaGa GavarnijjaA darisanavarnijja A veyaniija A MohanijjaA auyaA namaA gottaA antarayaA auyaA namaA gotta A antarayaA. There are eight kinds of karmic aggregrates acquired by soul which are as follows: 1. Knowledge obscuring Karma 2. Intution obscuring Karma 3. feeling producing Karma 4. Deluding Karma 5. Life span determining Karma 6. Body making Karma
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________________ Brich 68/2, 3 T-TA, 2015 7. Status determing Karma 8. Obstrective Karma. Out of these Auyam i.e. life span determing, body making and obstructive karma is important in the present context. samaysara, also agrees with it as its 249th verse indicates. aukkhayena maranam jivanam jinavarehim pannatam aum na haranti fuha kaha te maranam kayam fehim. It is declared by Jaina that death of living beings is caused by disappearance of their age-determining Karma. The 252nd verse indicates in brief the whole idea of aging of an individual, our on can observe - Audayena jivadi jivo evam bhamanti savvanhu aum ca na ditti tuham kaham nu te jiviyam kayam tehim.1 The omniscient ones declare that an organic being lives because of operation of age-karma. The commentary explains that the life of an organic being depends upon the operation of life span (age) Karma. So long as the age karma persists to operate organic being continues to live. When it ceases to be life also ceases to be, since the age karma is entirely self determined its operation it cannot be given by any body else.? It is the life span determing karma which determines the kind and period of life span organism undergoes. But even body determining karma does play an important with life span determining karma: The following six body determining karma. Without which, the life span bondage do not occur: 1. State of being - Gati namaniddhatta ayu'ya 2. Duration - Sthiti namaniddhatta ayu'ya 3. Body size - Avagahana niddhatta Ayushya
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________________ FI 68/2, 3 -A, 2015 4. Number of sense - Jati namaniddhatta ayu'ya 5. Number of space points-prade'a ayu'ya 6. Intensity of fruition - Anubhaga ayu'ya? Gati When does bondage of life span occur? When Gautam asked this question, Lord answers in Bhagavati, SeGaA bhante! auye kahiA ka4e? KahiA SamaiGGe Goyama! purame bhave kade purime bhave samainne! Gautam! in the past life one acquires life span of present life. Therefore bondage of next life takes place in the present life. Factors affecting life span (Causes of reduction of life span) There are number of factors which can reduce the life span of being. thanam quotes the following reasons as described below: 1. Intense emotional conditions 2. Use of weapons 3. Food too less or too much 4. Physical ailments 5. Falling into pit etc. 6. Touch (snake biting) etc. 7. Stoppage of respiration. The above causes are quite lucid by themselves. They do not need much verification. However, the third cause has been considered by the scientists is to be verified through experiments as the experiments of Mc Cay and his colleagues clearly demonstrates that. If food is restricted then the total life span of many different vertebrates e.g. Daphnia planarians and some rotifers is increased, the life span of mammals can also be prolonged by restricting food intake. They kept young rats on diet, which was nutritionally adequate but deficient in calories. The effect of this was to prevent rats from reaching maturity and they died at age much greater than animals fed adequately.
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________________ 50 3h 68/2, 3 -1, 2015 Mc-cay noted that rats had lower incidence of diseases of lung middle ear kidney. Such experiments have been repeated by number of people. In general they confirm that dietary restriction either in juvenile period throughout life increase the total life span. Miller and payne 1968 after a study concluded that rats were prevented from achieving their maximum weight and there for from becoming obese. It may be that some of restricted diet used by workers were effective in prolonging life because. They are prevented or delayed the deterious effects of obesity that less affected ageing process. Can we modify human ageing and longitivity. (Although it cannot be said that one can really said one can challenge old-age and death but still it right be thought that after searching for causes of ageing these is hope of finding a cure. It is probably lore that, we shall never discover our "obxir of life" which will prevent senescence, but it conceivable that we could retard ageing process and shortening of life span by environ mental manipulations. Our present knowledge suggests that this might be achieved through dietary control." According to Acharya Mahajna that preventing factors that reduces the life span could lead one to live longer than if not prevented.? As he suggests to have less attachment on - 1. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. Having less attachment and fear. Preventing self from weapons Early care of pain and illnesses Prevention of poisonous touch Moderate food intake Carefulness in walking and moving Regular breathing.
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________________ anekAnta 68/2, apraila-jUna, 2015 The factors listed by IhaGaA suggests that though life span of being cannot be increased, still being more careful regarding accidents, nutrition, psychological and emotional stress can retard ageing process, prevent the early death, thereby increase the longevity. Soul immortal (-karma), mortal (+ Karma) CYCLE OF Soul Immortal (- karma) mortal + Karma CYCLE LIFESPAN Soul+ Activities Reaction Release of Engymes Karmic Bondage Fruition of Karma Activation of praana acquisition of paryapti Translation of Genes Transcription of Genes 51 The soul is immortal in nature but is compelled to take birth and die because of bondage of karmic atoms, which acts on soul, accumulates the material which makes it to take birth and spend a span of time on earth and leaves the body when the span is over. In order to lead a span of life it has to accumulate particles, through paryepti, used them through pre'a and leading formation of genes which when are transcribed and translated determines the kind of life, and all his activities. These activities again lead bondage of new life and the cycle goes on. But effort and environment can bring changes. Thus this cycle plays a vital role.
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________________ 3h 68/2, 3 -1, 2015 It can also be explained other way round, as, what regulate your activities is genes. What programmes genes is electric force i.e. vitality, and what regulates vitality is karma, but these karmic bondages are also not final determinant. They can be changed with efforts and environmental changes. Thus it can be concluded that a life-life span is determined by a number of factors, namely - karma, genes, prana and other factors and there exists an intricate relation between these factors. All of them as a team determine the lifespan. (Footnotes) 1. Morion J. Lamb - Biology of ageing, Blackie, Glaslaw 1997, p. 5. 2. Ibid, p. 143. 3 Reader's Digest, The End of Ageing, Vol. 50", January 2004, p. 73. 4 Morion J. Lamb, p. 159. 5 Kanugo N., Genes and ageing 6 Cambridge University Press, U.S.A., 1994. 7 Times Of India, 23 oct 2007, pi 8 Gommatsara jivakanda IV/129, Nemichand Siddhanta Chakravarti, ed. by Bahadur J.K. Todays and Tommorrow Fronters and Publishers, New Delhi, 1991 * Ibid, IV/130. 10 Thanam, 13th ed. Muni Nathmal, Jain Vishva Bharati, Landun, 1976. 11 Samaysara, 249, 252, by Acarya Kundakunda ed. Prof. A. Chakravarti, Bharatiya Jnanapith, New Delhi, 1989. 12 Ibid. 13 Thanam vii /72, Aubhedapadam, p. 734 14 Biology of ageing, p. 80. 15 Ibid, p. 81. 16 Morion, Lomb, Biology of aging, p. 171. 17 Acharya Mahaprajna , Apane Ghar Mein, Adarsha Sahitya Sangha Prakashan, Delhi, 1995.
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________________ anekAnta 68/2, apraila-jUna, 2015 bundelakhaNDa kI jainamUrtikalA (uttarapradeza ke saMdarbha meM) - lAla bahAdura siMha somavaMzI bhAratIya itihAsa meM bundelakhaNDa bhAratavarSa kA hRdaya hai| yaha bhAga uttarI akSAMza 23deg-45 tathA 26deg-50' aura pUrvI dezAntara 770-52 tathA 82deg ke madhya sthita hai|' bhU-bhAga kA "bundelakhaNDa" nAma lagabhaga caudahavIM zatI I0 meM pdd'aa| isake pUrva yaha kSetra cedi, jujhauti, jejAkabhukti Adi nAmoM se jAnA jAtA thaa| pRthvIrAja cauhAna ke zilAlekha se yaha vidita hotA hai ki 12vIM zatAbdI taka isa deza kA nAma jejAka bhukti thaa| bundela khaNDa isa kSetra kA sarvAdhika prasiddha nAma hai| isa bhU-bhAga para bundelakhaNDa ke rAjAoM kA Adhipatya hone ke kAraNa yaha nAma pracalita rhaa| isa vaMza ke nAmakaraNa ke sambandha meM "vIra siMha deva carita" tathA "chatraprakAza" meM varNita kathA kA saMdarbha diyA jAtA hai| bundelakhaNDa meM jaina dharma kA vyApaka prabhAva rahA hai| svAbhAvika hI dharma kI aneka mUrtizilpa gaDhI gayI hai| yahAM ke kaI purAtAtvika sthaloM para jainadharma se saMbandhita pratimAeM surakSita rakhI huI hai| jo bundelakhaNDa ke uttarapradeza meM sthita hai| ye sthAna isa prakAra haiM:-1. devagar3ha, 2. sIrona khurda, 3. dUdhaI-cA~dapura, 4. mahobA, 5. baanpur| devagar3ha kA prAcIna nAma "luacchagiri" thaa| jo gurjara pratihAra rAjA bhojadeva ke zilAlekha meM milatA hai| yaha uttarapradeza ke lalitapura jile meM 24deg 15deg uttarI akSAMza tathA 78deg 15 pUrvI dezAntara para sthita hai| yaha sthAna lalitapura se 33 ki0mI0 kI dUrI para sthita hai| prathama tIrthaMkara RSabhanAtha ke putra bAhubalI kI kaI mUrtiyA~ devagar3ha meM surakSita hai| mUrti ke Upara latA patra tathA bicchU chipakalI Adi kIr3e car3he huye dikhAye gaye hai| yahA~ se bharata kI kaI mUrtiyA~ prApta huI haiN| eka mUrti meM navanidhiyoM ke sAtha aMkita hai|
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________________ anekAnta 68/2, apraila-jUna, 2015 yahAM se sabase mahatvapUrNa upalabdhi AcAryoM, upAdhyAyoM tathA sAdha-sAdhviyoM kI mUrtiyAM haiM jo anyatra kama hI dekhane ko milatI hai| upAdhyAya kI eka mUrti para abhilikhita lekha se ziSya paramparA kA jJAna hotA hai| upAdhyAya uccAsana para AsIna hai| unake bA~ye hAtha meM pustaka hai aura dAhinA hAtha upadeza mudrA meM hai| yahIM sAhU jaina saMgrahAlaya kI dazabhujI cakrezvarI kI mUrti AkarSaka hai| yahI bAhubalI gommaTezvara kI kaivalya prApti ke lie unake dvArA kI gaI kaThina tapasyA ko prakaTa karane ke lie unake zarIra para latApatra bicchU Adi ko eka strI dvArA haTAne kA dRzya bar3A hI manohArI hai| isa prakAra hama kaha sakate haiM ki devagar3ha meM mUrti zilpa kA vikAsa 5vIM se 15vIM zatAbdI taka anavarata calatA rhaa| sirona khurda lalitapura jile kA prasiddha jainadharma kA kendra hai| yaha sthAna lalitapura jile ke uttara-pazcima meM 20 ki0mI0 dUrI para avasthita hai| sIrona khurda meM hI eka bar3e zilApaTTa para mahatvapUrNa abhilekha jise vidvAnoM ne "sIya DoNI zilAlekha" batAyA hai| ise sarvaprathama DaoN0 hAla ne khojA thA jise bAda meM prophesara kIlahAna ne sampAdita kiyaa| yaha sIrona kharda grAma ke pUrva meM prApta haA thaa| isI grAma ke pUrva meM zAMtinAtha kA mandira hai| jise bundela rAjAoM ne banavAyA thaa| isameM zAMtinAtha kI kAyotsarga mudrA meM vizAla pratimA sthApita hai| sIrona se hI kaI pratimAoM kA saMgraha kara 'mar3AvarA' meM jaina saMgrahAlaya kA nirmANa kiyA jA rahA hai tathA prAcIna tIrtha jIrNoddhAra patrikA mAha pharavarI 2010 varSa 7 aMka meM pRSTha 27 para vistRta tIrthaMkaroM ke raMgIna citra prakAzita hue haiN| isa sthAna se lagabhaga do pharlAga dUra eka vizAla jaina pratimA kheta meM par3I hai| ise sthAnIya loga "baiThAdeva" kahate haiM para vAstava meM yaha Asanastha tIrthakara pratimA hai| bundelakhaNDa meM yaha vizAlatam pratimA hai| ___ sIrona khurda devagar3ha se mUrtikalA meM kaI sAmyatA rakhatA hai| ina donoM sthAnoM para jainadharma kA vyApaka prabhAva thaa| phalataH aneka jaina maMdiroM kA nirmANa huaa| devagar3ha aura sIyaDoNI zilAlekha meM bhojadeva tathA unake
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________________ anekAnta 68/2, apraila-jUna, 2015 uttarAdhikAriyoM ke nAma Aye haiN| donoM abhilekhoM meM varNita bhojadeva eka hI hai| __ dUdhaI-cA~dapura lalitapura jile meM Ate haiM jo pRthaka-pRthaka do sthAna haiN| inakI saMskRti kalA samAna hai| isalie yahAM para eka sAtha hI vivecana kiyA gayA hai| dhaurrA se lagabhaga 11 ki0mI0 dakSiNa pazcima kI ora ghane jaMgaloM meM sthita hai| yaha lalitapura se dakSiNa meM lagabhaga 27 ki0mI0 dUra hai| prAcIna kAla meM yaha bar3A nagara thA tathA vyApArika mArga se jur3A thaa| albarUnI ne bhI ise eka bar3e zahara ke rUpa meM ullekha kiyA hai|'' jhA~sI se prApta eka abhilekha meM 'dugdha kupyAgrAma' kA ullekha AyA hai| yahAM para do jaina maMdira sthita hai| cAMdapura 24'30' uttarI akSAMza tathA 78deg 18 pUrvI dezAntara para madhya relave ke dhaurrA sTezana se lagabhaga 3 ki0mI0 dUra sthita hai| yaha gA~va jaMgaloM ke madhya sthita hai| relave lAina ke pAra jaina maMdira sthita hai| ye maMdira pUrNarUpeNa khaMDita ho cuke haiN| jhA~sI-mAnikapura madhya relave lAina para mahobA sTezana hai| jahA~ se zahara lagabhaga 5 ki0mI0 par3atA hai| anuzrutiyoM ke anusAra caMdelavaMza ke saMsthApaka candravarmA ne 16 varSa kI Ayu meM yahIM 'mahotsava' manAyA thaa| "mahotsavanagara" zabda kA parivartita rUpa hI mahobA hai| mahobA brAhmaNa, jaina, aura bauddha tInoM dharmoM kI mukhya nagara ke rUpa meM jAnA jAtA hai| yahAM se jaina dharma kI kAphI mUrtiyAM prApta huI hai| tIrthaMkaroM meM RSabhanAtha, padmaprabhanAtha, neminAtha, pArzvanAtha aura mahAvIra kI mahobA se prApta pratimAeM rAjakIya saMgrahAlaya jhAMsI meM saMgrahIta haiN| adhikAMza mUrtiyoM ke pAdapITha para abhilekha khudA hai| RSabhanAtha kI mUrti para aMkita abhilekha meM tithi saM. 1228 tathA mUrtikAra kailhaNa kA nAma diyA gayA hai| isI prakAra padmaprabhanAtha kI samvat 1219 meM banI pratimA para mUrtikAra rAmadeva kA ullekha hai| rAjya saMgrahAlaya lakhanaU meM mahobA kI kaI mUrtiyAM pradarzita hai yathA- bAhubalI 12vIM zatI I0 samvat 1213 kI, subratanAtha mUrti kI palathI, lA~kSanayukta, naminAtha kI caraNa caukI 12vIM samvat 1324 kA hiraNa lAMkSanayukta zAMtinAtha kI mUrti kI caraNa caukI, RSabhanAtha 12vIM zatI I0 isake atirikta mahobA se hI ambikA 12vIM
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________________ 56 anekAnta 68/2, apraila-jUna, 2015 zatI khaMDita caubIsI 12vIM zatI I0 kI pratimAeM lakhanaU saMgrahAlaya meM surakSita haiN| isa prakAra hama kaha sakate haiM ki mahobA jaina mUrti zilpa kA bhaNDAra rahA hogaa| tathA kaI jaina maMdira miTTI kI garta meM dabe par3e hoNge| atizaya kSetra bAnapura mahAvIra kI mahaka zAnti kA saumya yahAM arpaNa hai| jainadharma ke tIrtha bAnapura tumako koTi namana hai|| bAisa bhujI anupama gaNezajI, zAMtinAtha kA aaly| bhArata bhara meM advitIya hai sahasrakUTa caityaaly|| - kailAza maDavaiyA uttarapradeza ke jhA~sI saMbhAga meM bundelakhaNDa ke jilA lalitapura se 48 ki0mI0 tahasIla maharaunI se 14 ki0mI0 bAnapura sthita hai| mahAbhArata meM bAnapura kA bANapura nAma se aneka sthaloM para ullekha huA hai| paurANika gAthAoM ke anusAra vANAsura daitya yahAM rAjya kiyA karatA thaa| yahA~ para lagabhaga 280X200 phuTa ke kSetrIya meM zrI 1008 atizaya digambara jaina kSetra avasthita hai jisake antargata 10vIM zatI I0 ke pUrva taka kI mUrtiyAM vidyamAna haiN| prAMgaNa meM pAMca vizAla maMdira sthita hai| isa nirjana kSetra ko grAma-vAsI 'khirADala' ke nAma se jAnane lage the| san 1940 ke AsapAsa prAtaH smaraNIya muni 108 zrI zrutasAgara jI mahArAja vAnapura padhAre aura isa kSetra kA darzana kara daMga raha ge| unhoMne ise apanA sAdhanA sthala banAyA aura yahI kSaNa isa kSetra ke lie punarjIvana kA prAraMbha bana gyaa| yahIM para bhagavAn zAMtinAtha kI 18phuTa U~cI mUrti virAjamAna hai| janazruti yaha bhI hai ki vi0sa0 1001 ke AsapAsa 'devapAla' nAma ke eka bAnapura nivAsI gvAlA (gahohI) kI dharmapatnI ne eka rAta svapna meM jinendradeva ke darzana kie| usakI patnI jainadharma kI paramabhakta thii| usI kI preraNA se devapAla ne jainadha rma svIkAra kara yahA~ mUrtiyoM kA nirmANa krvaayaa| bhagavAn zAMtinAtha jI kI pratimA ke donoM ora prApta pAdamUla meM utkIrNa zilAlekha se bhI nirmAtA ke nAma kI puSTi hotI hai| maMdira saMkhyA eka meM bhagavAn RSabhanAtha jI vedI para sthApita hai| mUrti para san 1142 spaSTa aMkita hai| mUrti kI U~cAI lagabhaga Der3ha phuTa hai| maMdira saMkhyA do ke bAharI bhAga meM eka vizAla ATha phuTa U~cI
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________________ anekAnta 68/2, apraila-jUna, 2015 tIrthakara zAMtinAtha kI mUrti sthApita hai| maMdira saMkhyA tIna meM zrI caraNa jI evaM tIrthakara kI baiThI pratimA hai| maMdira saMkhyA cAra baDe bAbA kA maMdira kahalAtA hai| isa maMdira meM samvat 1001 kI nirmita vizAlakAya pratimA bhagavAna zAMtinAtha kI hai| jisakI U~cAI 18 phuTa hai| kSetra ke pUrvI bhAga meM sthApatya kalA kA pratIka adbhuta ramaNIka sahasrakUTa caityAlaya sthApita hai| yaha 10vIM zatI I0 kA caityAlaya sthApatya kalA meM bejor3a hai| caityAlaya ke sambandha meM ahArajI sthita zilAlekha meM vistAra se varNana hai jo bhagavAna zAMtinAtha ke pAdamUla meM sthita hai| isase yaha pramANa milatA hai ki sUrya ke sadRzya yahAM bhI sampanna devapAla hue jinake dvArA vAnapura meM sahasrakUTa caityAlaya kA nirmANa karavAyA gyaa| zilAlekha saM. 1237 kA hai| yaha caityAlaya vAstukalA vizeSajJa 'pApaTa' dvArA nirmita hai|'' zikhara para madhya se Upara uttara kI ora eka caubIsI kA bhI aMkana hai| isI samUha meM vINA vAdinI sarasvatI ambikA, jisakI goda meM zizu priyaMkara aura nIce khar3e khilaunA lie bAlaka zubhaMkara kA aMkana hai| cakrezvarI apsarA darpaNa lie isI maMdira meM zobhAyamAna hai| purAtatvavettAoM kI dRSTi meM yahAM kI sarasvatI pratimA ko adbhuta kahA hai| yahIM se hI eka zilAkhaNDa jo 4x5phuTa 6iMca kA hai bhAratIya jJAnapITha dvArA atyanta mahatvapUrNa batAyA gayA hai| isa zilAkhaNDa meM kula 70 mUrtiyAM utkIrNa hai jinameM 53 tIrthakaroM kI evaM zeSa zAsana deva-deviyoM kI mUrtiyAM atyanta kalAtmaka DhaMga se zobhAyamAna hai| madhya meM padmAsana meM tIrthakara kI eka bar3I mUrti hai| donoM ora pArzvanAtha kI khar3I mUrti banI hai| 'kSullaka cidAnanda smRtigraMtha' meM zrI nIraja jaina jI ne "vAnapura kA caturamukha sahasrakUTa jinAlaya" nAmaka lekha meM vistAra se prakAza DAlA hai| zrI nIraja jaina jI ke sAtha zraddheya paMDita khuzAlacaMda jI gorAvAlA aura zrI pannAlAla jaina bhI isa atizaya kSetra meM padhAra cuke haiN| vAnapura meM hI do jaina maMdira haiM jinameM eka 'nayA maMdira' aura dUsarA bar3A maMdira' ke nAma se jAnA jAtA hai| isa maMdira meM kucha purAtatva mahatva kI prAcIna mUrtiyAM virAjamAna haiN| maMdira meM prAcIna bhittikalA dekhate hI banatI niSkarSa rUpa meM isa kSetra ne bhAratIya mUrti zilpa ko jo mahatvUparNa yogadAna diyaa| saMkSepa isa prakAra hai:- guptakAla kI mUrtikalA kA sundaratama
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________________ anekAnta 68/2, apraila-jUna, 2015 udAharaNa isI kSetra ke haiN| isI kSetra meM candela kalA zailI ko janma diyaa| mUrtiyoM ke nirmANa meM kaI taraha kA grenAiTa, lAla baluA patthara bhUrA kAlA, harA patthara, saMgamaramara dhAtu kI taraha bajane vAlA patthara Adi banAvaTa dekhI jA sakatI hai| itane adhika mUrtikAroM ke nAma isI kSetra se jJAta hue hai| yahAM jaina aura hindUdharma kA acchA tAlamela rahA hai| eka hI sthAna para eka samaya meM donoM dharmoM kA puSpita pallavita samAna rUpa se huA hai| jaina AcAryoM, upAdhyAyoM tathA sAdhu-sAdhviyoM ko itanI bar3I saMkhyA meM mUrtiyA~ isI kSetra se prApta huI hai| saMdarbha : 1. trivedI esa0DI0 bundelakhaNDa kA purAtatva pRsstth| 2. A0 sa0 ripo0 bhAga 2, pR. 98 3. dAsa : braja ratna, bundeloM kA itihAsa 4. e0 esa0 AI0 riporTa kaniMghama bhAga 10 pR. 107 5. e0 esa0 AI0 tathaiva kaniMghama bhAga 10 pR. 82-89 6. tivArI mArUti prasAda u0pra0 (purAtatva vizeSAMka) varSa 9 aMka 12 pR. 52-54 7. DaoN. trivedI bundelakhaNDa kA purAtatva pR. 55 8. e0 esa0 AI0 riporTa (kaniMghama) bhAga 10, pR. 103 9. DaoN. trivedI esa. DI. bundelakhaNDa kA purAtatva pR. 84 10. jilA gajeTiyara jhAMsI (1965) pR. 362 11. DaoN. trivedI bundelakhaNDa kA purAtatva pR. 86 se sAbhAra 12. jilA gajeTiyara jhAMsI (1965) pR. 362 13. albarUnIja iMDiyA vAlyUma 1 pRSTha 202 14. "dugdha kupyo hamayAMgrAma' abhilekha kI 10vIM paMkti ipI iNDikA bhAga 1, pR. 214-217 15. jilA gajeTiyara jhAMsI (1965) pR. 333 16. 'anekAnta' pR. 45 17. anekAnta patrikA 1963 - saMgrahAdhyakSa (se.ni.) 64 e, kRSNA vihAra, darpaNa kAlonI, po. Ara0 ke0 purI, gvAliyara-474011 (ma0pra)
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________________ anekAnta 68/2, apraila-jUna, 2015 guTanirapekSatA kA siddhAnta aura anekAnta ___ - DaoN. zrImatI kRSNA jaina mukhya rUpa se guTanirapekSatA kA artha hai kisI bhI deza ke sAtha sainika guTabandI meM sammilita na honA, hara prakAra kI AkramaNa sandhi se dUra rahanA, zIta yuddha se apane ko pRthaka rakhanA tathA rASTrahita kA dhyAna rakhate hue nyAyocita pakSa meM apanI videza nIti kA saMcAlana krnaa| guTanirapekSatA kI nIti kA uddezya vizvazAMti, svataMtratA aura sAmAjika nyAya ke lie nirantara prayAsa karanA hai| guTanirapekSatA kI nIti ko sarvaprathama vyAvahArika rUpa dene kA zreya bhArata ke prathama pradhAnamaMtrI paM. javAharalAla neharU ko hai| gaTanirapekSatA kI nIti apanAte samaya paM. neharU ne kahA thA ki- yadi hamane apane ko kisI eka guTa ke sAtha jor3a liyA to eka prakAra se zAyada yaha acchA kadama siddha hogaa| unhoMne guTa nirapekSatA ko paribhASita karate hue kahA ki "guTanirapekSatA kA artha hai sainika guToM se apane Apako alaga rakhane kA kisI deza dvArA prayatna krnaa| isakA artha hai jahA~ taka ho sake tathyoM ko sainya dRSTi se na dekhanA tathA cAhe kabhI-kabhI aisA karanA bhI par3atA hai, parantu hamArA svataMtra dRSTikoNa honA cAhie tathA sAre dezoM ke sAtha maitrIpUrNa sambandha hone caahie| ___1961 meM guTa nirapekSatA ke tIna karNadhAroM- paM. neharU, karnala nAsira aura mArzala TITo ne isake pA~ca AdhAra svIkAra kiye the1. sadasya deza svataMtra nIti para calatA ho| 2. sadasya deza upaniveza kA virodha karatA ho| 3. sadasya deza kisI sainika guTa kA sadasya na ho| 4. sadasya deza ne kisI bar3I tAkata ke sAtha dvipakSIya samajhautA na kiyA
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________________ 60 anekAnta 68/2, apraila-jUna, 2015 5. sadasya deza ne kisI bar3I tAkata ko apane kSetra meM sainika aDDA banAne kI svIkRti na dI ho| __guTa nirapekSatA kI jo buniyAda bhArata ne 1946-47 meM rakhI thI vaha samaya ke sAtha adhika majabUta huI hai| paM. neharU ke zabda ullekhanIya hai ki jahA~ svataMtratA ke lie khatarA upasthita ho, nyAya ko dhamakI dI jAtI ho athavA jahA~ AkramaNa hotA ho vahAM na to hama taTastha raha sakate haiM aura na hI taTastha rheNge| guTanirapekSatA se abhiprAya zaktimUlaka rAjanIti se pRthaka rahanA tathA sabhI rAjyoM ke sAtha zAMtipUrNa sahaastitva aura sakriya antarrASTrIya sahayoga anekAntavAda bhI eka dArzanika siddhAnta hone kI apekSA dArzanika mantavyoM, mAnyatAoM aura sthApanAoM ko unake samyak pariprekSya meM vyAkhyApita karane kI paddhati vizeSa hai| anekAntavAda kA mUla prayojana satya ko usake vibhinna AyAmoM meM dekhane, samajhane aura samajhAne kA prayAsa karanA hai| ataH vaha satya kI khoja kI eka vyAvahArika paddhati hai jo sattA ko usake vividha AyAmoM meM dekhane kA prayatna karatI hai| anekAnta kA kArya una sabhI darzanoM kI sApekSika satyatA ko ujAgara karake unameM rahe hue virodhoM ko samApta karanA hai| isa prakAra anekAnta eka siddhAnta hone kI apekSA eka vyAvahArika paddhati hI adhika hai| yahI kAraNa hai ki anekAntavAda kI eka darzanika siddhAnta ke rUpa meM sthApanA karane vAle AcArya siddhasena divAkara (I. caturthazatI) ko bhI anekAntavAda kI isa vyAvahArika mahattA ke Age natamastaka hokara kahanA par3A jeNa viNA logassa vivahAro satvahANa Ni vvddii| tassa bhuvaNekka gurUNo NamoM aNegaMta vaayss|| arthAt jisake binA loka vyavahAra kA nirvahana bhI sarvathA sambhava nahIM hai, usa saMsAra ke eka mAtra guru anekAntavAda ko namaskAra hai| isa prakAra anekAntavAda virodhoM ke zamana kA eka vyAvahArika darzana hai| vaha unheM samanvaya ke sUtra meM pirone kA saphala prayAsa karatA hai| kyoMki anekAntavAda kA mUla prayojana satya ko usake vibhinna AyAmoM meM dekhane,
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________________ anekAnta 68/2, apraila-jUna, 2015 samajhane aura samajhAne kA prayatna hai| jaina dArzanikoM hI yaha dRr3ha mAnyatA hai ki anaikAntika dRSTi ke dvArA paraspara virodhI dArzanika avadhAraNAoM ke madhya rahe hue virodha kA parihAra karake usameM samanvaya sthApita kiyA jA sakatA hai| __ anekAnta ko paribhASita karate hue AcArya akalaMkadeva ne apanI aSTazatI meM likhA hai - __sadasannityAnityAdi srvthaikaantprtiksseplkssnno'nekaantH| anekAnta ke svarUpa kA samarthana karate hue tattvArthasUtra meM kathana haiarpitaanrpitaasiddhe| arthAt pratyeka vastu aneka dharmAtmaka hai kyoMki arpita-arpaNA arthAt apekSA se aura anarpita-anarpaNA arthAt apekSAntara se virodhI svarUpa siddha hotA hai| ataeva eka hI vastu aneka dharmAtmaka aura aneka prakAra ke vyavahAra kI viSaya mAnI gaI hai| ___ Aja kA rAjanaitika jagat bhI vaicArika saMkucitA se paripUrNa hai| pUMjIvAda, samAjavAda, sAmyavAda, phAsIvAda, nAjIvAda Adi aneka rAjanaitika vicArAdhArAe~ tathA rAjatantra, kulataMtra, adhinAyaka taMtra Adi anekAneka zAsana praNAliyA~ vartamAna meM pracalita haiN| sabhI eka dUsare kI samApti ke lie prayatnazIla haiN| vizva ke rASTra khemoM meM baMTe hue haiM aura pratyeka kheme kA agraNI rASTra apanA prabhAva kSetra bar3hAne hetu dUsare ke vinAza meM tatpara hai| Aja kA rAjanaitika saMgharSa mAtra Arthika hitoM kA saMgharSa na hokara vaicArikatA kA bhI saMgharSa hai| Aja amerikA, cIna aura rUsa apanI vaicArika prabhusattA ke prabhAva ko bar3hAne ke lie hI pratispardhA meM lage hue haiN| eka dUsare ko nAma zeSa karane kI unakI yaha mahatvAkAMkSA kahIM mAnava jAti ko hI nAma zeSa na kara de| ___ anekAnta ko AdhAra mAnakara jainadharma yA bhAratIya prajJA ke dhanI AcArya loga saMsAra ke jhagar3oM ko miTA sakate haiN| duniyA~ ke sabhI jhagar3oM kA kAraNa ekAntavAda hai| AgrahavAditA aura ahaM vRtti se upajI aura anasulajhI samasyAoM kA samAdhAna anekAntavAda meM khojA jA sakatA hai| anekAntavAda kisI bhI samasyA kA samAdhAna ekAntika nahIM, apitu sApekSavAda ke AdhAra para prastuta karatA hai| anekAMtavAda rAjanaitika jIvana ke
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________________ 62 anekAnta 68/2, apraila-jUna, 2015 virodhoM ke samanvaya kI eka aisI vidhAyaka dRSTi prastuta karatA hai jisase mAnava jAti ko saMgharSoM ke nirAkaraNa meM sahAyatA mila sakatI hai| __paM. neharU ne kahA thA ki guTanirapekSatA kA tAtparya yaha kadApi nahIM ki hama cupa rheNge| jahA~ bhI anyAya hogA, svataMtratA ko khatarA hogA yA kisI para AkramaNa kiyA jaayegaa| hama usakA virodha kareMge aura aise samaya meM hama taTastha nahIM rheNge| guTanirapekSa rASTra nyAya pakSa kA samarthana karatA hai| guTanirapekSatA tRtIya vizvayuddha kI janatA ko apanA bhaviSya nirmita karane meM sahAyatA detI hai| __dvitIya vizvayuddha ke pazcAt amarIkA aura soviyata saMgha ke zIta yuddha meM donoM meM nava svataMtra rASTroM ko apane pakSa meM karane kA prayatna kiyaa| bhArata jaise aneka rAjya zIta yuddha ko vizvazAMti ke lie hAnikAraka mAnate the isalie unhoMne zItayuddha kA virodha karanA apanI videza nIti kA mUla siddhAnta bnaayaa| guTanirapekSatA ke samarthaka dezoM ne zItayuddha kA virodha tathA zAMtipUrNa sahaastitva tathA rASTroM ke madhya sahayoga kA samarthana kiyaa| guTanirapekSatA kI nIti ke samarthaka mAnate haiM ki sainya aura rAjanItika gaThabandhana vizvazAMti ke lie khatarA hai kyoMki pratyeka gaThabandhana kA eka pratikUla gaThanabaMdhana hai isalie yaha antarrASTrIya vAtAvaraNa meM bhaya, zaMkA, ghRNA aura avizvAsa ko janma detA hai| gaTanirapekSatA kI nIti zItayaddha tathA zakti kI rAjanIti ke viruddha zAMtipUrNa sahaastitva tathA pArasparika vikAsa meM vizvAsa karatI hai| guTanirapekSatA yaha mAnatI hai ki sAmyavAdI tathA gairasAmyavAdI rASTroM ke bIca mitratA paidA karanA tathA usakA vikAsa karanA sambhava hai| ___ guTanipekSatA kI nIti zastrIkaraNa kA virodha karatI hai| yaha zastrIkaraNa ke sthAna para zAMtipUrNa vikAsa aura adhika samRddhi ko mahatva detI hai| guTanirapekSatA kI nIti rASTravAda kI samartha hai| yaha nIti prAcIna rASTroM ke lie svataMtratA prApta karane ke pakSa meM hai| yaha nIti jAti raMga ke AdhAra para bhedabhAva na karake vizvabandhutva aura vizvazAMti meM vizvAsa karatI hai| yaha nIti samayAnukUla parivartana meM vizvAsa karatI hai| yaha nirbhIkatA aura sAhasa kI nIti hai| yaha vizvazAMti
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________________ 63 anekAnta 68/2, apraila-jUna, 2015 kI samarthaka hai parantu yadi Avazyaka huA to yuddha kA sahArA bhI le sakatI __ guTanirapekSatA alagAvavAda arthAt antarrASTrIya sambandhoM se dUra rahane kI nIti nahIM hai balki antarrASTrIya sambandhoM meM pUrNatayA bhAgIdAra hone kI nIti hai| isakA uddezya vizva rAjanIti ke mAtra eka asahAya darzana banakara rahanA nahIM hai balki antarrASTrIya mAmaloM meM svatantratApUrvaka vicAra prakaTa karanA aura antarrASTrIyazAMti surakSA meM sahayoga denA hai| __navasvataMtra rASTroM ke lie apane tIvra Arthika vikAsa ke lie donoM hI guToM ke sahayoga aura sahAyatA kI AvazyakatA thii| eka guTa meM sammilita hone kA artha hotA hai ki pUrI taraha usI guTa para nirbhara rahanA aura dUsare guTa ke sahayoga se vaMcita rhnaa| rASTrIya pratiSThA, svataMtra videza nIti tathA Arthika vikAsa sabhI dRSTikoNoM se guTanirapekSatA kI nIti zreyaskara thii| nava svatantra rASTra cAhate the ki ve kevala aupacArika rUpa se hI svataMtra na ho balki mahAzaktiyoM ke prabhAva se bhI mukta hoN| unhoMne yaha anubhava kiyA ki guTanirapekSatA meM apanI AsthA vyakta karake hI apanI nIti aura kAryavAhI ko svataMtra rUpa se kara sakate haiN| guTanirapekSatA ke kAraNa unheM vyaktigata aura sAmUhika stara para aisI sthiti aura pratiSThA prApta ho gaI jo bar3I zaktiyoM ke prabhutva se choTe dezoM ko prApta nahIM ho pAyI thii| ve rASTra kisI bhI bar3e rASTra kI chAyA mAtra bananA pasaMda nahIM krte| __Aja to vijJAna bhI kaNa ke astitva ke lie vaisA hI pratikaNa Avazyaka mAnatA hai| yaha bhI siddha kara diyA hai ki ve paraspara virodhI nahIM, eka dUsare ke pUraka haiM, sahayoga haiM aura itanA hI nahIM eka dUsare para prabhAva bhI DAlate haiN| ___ vAstava meM anekAnta satya kA nahIM, satya dRSTi kA vivecana hai| vaha eka vicAra saraNi hai, vibhinna dizAoM va dRSTikoNoM se, alaga-alaga bAjuoM yA pahaluoM se athavA anekAnta adhika se adhika apekSAoM se adhyayana karane kI prakriyA hai|
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________________ 64 anekAnta 68/2, apraila-jUna, 2015 __yadi anekAntavAda kA sahayoga liyA jAya, isake mahatva ko samajhA jAya, usakI upayogitA samajhI jAya aura isake mAdhyama se ciMtana kiyA jAya to nimna lakSaNa phalita hone kI prabala saMbhAvanA hai|' 1. mAnavIya ekatA kA vikAsa 2. sahaastitva kI bhAvanA kA vikAsa 3. vyavahAra meM prAmANikatA aura 4. Ama nirIkSaNa kI pravRtti kA vikaas| ___ anekAnta ciMtana se prApta lakSya ko vyavahAra meM lAne se jIvana, AcaraNa ke badalAva saMbhava hai| manuSya kA ahaM virodha, ghRNA, asahiSNutA Adi durgaNoM ko vikasita karatA hai, jabaki anekAnta samanvaya kA, virodha parihAra kA mArga prazasta karatA hai| anekAnta kA mArga mAnava kI jJAna, darzana evaM AcaraNa meM samanvaya sthApita kara du:kha mukti kI ora le jAtA hai| ___ vartamAna meM rAjanaitika jIvana meM vaicArika sahiSNutA aura samanvaya atyanta upAdeya hai| virodhI pakSa dvArA kI jAne vAlI AlocanA ke prati sahiSNu hokara usake dvArA apane doSoM ko samajhanA aura unheM dUra karane kA prayAsa karanA Aja ke rAjanaitika jIvana kI sabase bar3I AvazyakatA hai| vipakSa kI dhAraNAoM meM bhI satyatA ho sakatI hai aura sabala virodhI dala kI upasthiti se hameM apane doSoM ke nirAkaraNa kA acchA avasara milatA hai isa vicAra dRSTi aura sahiSNu bhAvanA meM hI prajAtantra kA bhaviSya ujjavala raha sakatA hai| rAjanaitika kSetra meM saMsadIya prajAtaMtra vastutaH rAjanaitika syAdvAda hai| Aja syAdvAda siddhAnta kA vyAvahArika kSetra meM upayoga karane kA dAyitva bhAratIya rAjanitijJoM para hai| rAjavyavasthA kA mUla lakSya janakalyANa ko dRSTi meM rakhate hue vibhinna rAjanaitika vicAradhArAoM ke madhya eka sAMga saMtulana sthApita karanA hai| AzyakatA saiddhAMtika vivAdoM kI nahIM apitu janahita meM saMrakSaNa evaM mAnava kI pAzavika vRttiyoM ke niyaMtraNa kI hai| Aja vizva kI aisI cintanazailI kI AvazyakatA hai, jisase ekatA, samarasatA, sahiSNutA, samatA, zAMti tathA sAmaMjasya evaM samanvaya raha ske| ___bhArata kI pahala para 1947 ke Arambha meM naI dillI meM "eziyAI" sambandha sammelana Ayojita kiyA gayA, jisameM aneka rASTroM ke pratinidhi sammilita hue| 18 apraila 1985 ke vANDaMga sammelana (iNDoneziyA) meM
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________________ anekAnta 68/2, apraila-jUna, 2015 Ayojana kiyA gayA jo isa prayAsa meM agalA kadama thaa| isa sammelana meM yaha bAta ubhara kara sAmane AI ki mahAzaktiyA~ apane phesale dUsare para na laade| isa sammelana meM anumodita siddhAMta nirguTa AMdolana ke AdhAra bne| vartamAna meM nirguTa dezoM kI saMkhyA 118 hai| inake dvArA Ayojita zikhara sammelana meM mukhya rUpa se jina para vicAra vimarza huA vaha nimna hai1. ni:zastrIkaraNa aura ANavika parIkSaNoM para roka lgaanaa| 2. vizvazAMti aura ANavika parIkSaNoM para roka lgaanaa| 3. rASTroM ke antarrASTrIya vivAdoM ko hala karane meM zAMtipUrNa vArtA kA mArga apanAne para bala diyA gyaa| 4. mahAzaktiyoM se apIla kI gaI ki ve hathiyAroM kI spardhA ko samApta kare tathA vizvayuddha kA khatarA samApta karane ke lie vArtAlApa prAraMbha kre| 5. bhArata dvArA rakhe gae AtaMkavAda prastAva para sadasya dezoM dvArA AtaMkavAda ke virUddha kAryavAhI kI mAMga krnaa| 6. sadasya rASTroM dvArA pRthvI rakSA koSa kI sthApanA para shmti| 7. bArahavA~ guTa nirapekSa sammelana kA mukhya dhyAna va vArtAlApa tIna pramukha muddoM-zAMti niHzastrIkaraNa tathA vikAsa para kendrita rahA pradUSaNa ko kama kara paryAvaraNa kI rakSA krnaa| guTanirapekSatA kI upalabdhiyA~ - ____ 1. antarrASTrIya zAMti tathA surakSA meM bddh'aavaa| 2. vizvazAMti kI sthApanA meM sakArAtmaka bhuumikaa| 3. nayI antarrASTrIya arthavyavasthA kA maaNg| 4. vizva lokamata ke nirmANa meM shaayk| saMsAra ke jitane bhI vidvAn anekAnta tarka paddhati ke paricaya meM Ate haiM, ve sabhI isa para mugdha ho jAte haiN| DaoN. harmana jekobI, DaoN. sTInakono, DaoN. TesITorI, DaoN. pArolDa, jArja barnADa zA, jaise coTI ke pAzcAtya vidvAnoM ne isa siddhAnta kI mukta kaNTha se prazaMsA kI hai syAdvAda yA anekAnta kisI bhI viSaya ke do antoM ko chor3akara zAMti kA madhyama mArga grahaNa karane kA Adeza detA hai| _ bhAratIya saMskRti ke vizeSajJa manISI DaoN. rAmadhArIsiMha dinakara kA spaSTa abhimata hai ki syAdavAda kA anusandhAna bhArata kI aMhisA sAdhanA
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________________ anekAnta 68/2, apraila-jUna, 2015 kA carama utkarSa hai aura sArA saMsAra ise jitanA zIghra apanAyegA vizvazAMti utanI hI zIghra sthApita hogii| __isa prakAra guTa nirapekSatA ke mUla meM anekAnta ke bIja hI parilakSita hote haiN| mahAtmA gAMdhI para jaina dharma evaM darzana kA prabhAva to sarvavidita hI hai, paM. neharU kI bhI yadi guTanirapekSatA kI ghoSaNA meM inhIM siddhAntoM para dRSTi rahI ho to yaha atizyokti nahIM hai| guTanirapekSatA ke AdhAra sUtra anekAnta para hI AdhArita hai| abhI taka guTanirapekSa sammelana evaM unameM prastAvita prastAva tathA upalabdhiyoM se bhI yahI pratIta hotA hai ki anekAnta evaM guTanirapekSatA kI upalabdhiyA~ bhI samAna hI haiM Age bhI inhIM siddhAntoM para calakara vizvazAMti kI dizA meM sArthaka prayAsa ho sakatA hai jisase vizvazAMti kI prApti saMbhava ho skegii| saMdarbha : 1. sanmati tarka prakaraNa 3/7 2. aSTazatI pR. 286 3. tatvArthasUtra, 5/31 4. anekAntavAda aura usakI upayogitA, DaoN. sudarzana mizra, pR. 178 5. anekAntavAda siddhAnta aura vyavahAra, DaoN. sAgaramala jaina, pR. 42 6. saMskRti ke cAra adhyAya, pR. 135 - prAdhyApaka saMskRta zAsakIya kamalArAjA kanyA svazAsI mahAvidyAlaya, gvAliyara (ma0pra0)
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________________ anekAnta 68/2, apraila-jUna, 2015 67 munirAja prabhAcandra (pUrvanAma - ra -samrATa candragupta maurya -1 ) kI kAntAra- caryA -mUla lekhaka - apabhraMza - mahAkavi raidhU pro. DaoN. rAjArAma jaina - jo sthala puNya-puruSoM kI caraNaraja se saMsparzita hote haiM ve AgAmI -yugoM meM nizcaya hI pAvana tIrthabhUmi ke rUpa meM pUjita hote haiN| AcArya kundakunda Adi aneka AcAryoM ne unakA bhaktibhAva se smaraNa kiyA hai| aise sthala bhArata meM bikhare par3e haiM, bhale hI unameM se kucha bhaugolika parivartanoM ke kAraNa lupta - vilupta ho cuke hoM athavA sthAnIya paristhitiyoM ke prabhAva se unake nAmoM meM saMkoca, vistAra athavA kucha parivartana yA parivardhana ho cuke hoN| jaise- sammeda zikharajI ke lie zikharajI, citrakUTa (rAjasthAna) ke lie cittaur3a, kaTavapra ke liye zravaNabelagolA, ArAmanagara ( arthAt bagIcoM kA nagara) ke liye ArA (bihAra), kAzI ke liye vArANasI yA banArasa, puNyattana ke liye pUnA yA puNeM, upAdhyAya ke lie jhA - aadi-aadi| kAla-prabhAva se tIrtha-bhUmiyoM ke nAmoM meM bhale hI parivartana ho jAya kintu unake cAmatkArika atizaya meM parivartana nahIM hotA jisakA eka jvalanta udAharaNa hai kaTavapra (zravaNavelagolA) kI kAntAra-caryA arthAt nirjana aTavI meM bhI nirdoSa tapasyA ke camatkAra se zAstrokta - vidhi se daivI - zakti dvArA nirmita muni - AhAra kI prApti / AcArya bhadrabAhu (prathama) ne vaTavapra kI guphA meM AkAzavANI se jaba sunA ki unakA anta samaya A gayA hai, ataH unhoMne AcArya vizAkha ke netRtva meM apane 12000 sAdhusaMgha ko cola - deza (dakSiNa-bhArata) kI ora bheja diyA thaa| kintu apane navadIkSita paTTa - ziSya magadhAdhipati samrATa candragupta maurya (prathama) ko usake bArambAra anunaya-vinaya karane para ukta AcArya bhadrabAhu
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________________ anekAnta 68/2, apraila-jUna, 2015 ne use apane pAsa hI rahane diyA, kintu unheM (AcArya bhadrabAhu ko) bar3I ciMtA huI ki kaTavapra ke isa vanya-prAnta meM sukumAra prakRti vAle candragupta athavA prabhAcandra ke AhAra kI vyavasthA kaise saMbhava hogI? phira bhI unhoMne prabhAcandra (candragupta) ko kAntAra-caryA karane kA Adeza diyaa| kintu tapobhUmi ke camatkAra se usakI vyavasthA kisa prakAra saMbhava huI, usakI tapasyA kI daivI-zaktiyoM ne kitanI-kitanI aura kisa-kisa prakAra parIkSA lI, usakA apabhraMza ke mahAkavi raidhU (vi.saM. 1440-1536) ne bar3A hI mArmika citraNa kiyA hai| merI dRSTi se AcArya bhadrabAhu ke kAntAra-caryA saMbandhI ukta Adeza meM do dRSTikoNa the| prathama to yaha ki usase candragupta ke AcaraNa kI parIkSA ho jAtI ki bhUkha-pyAsa ke dinoM meM bhI apanI indriyoM evaM mana para vaha pUrNa vijaya prApta kara sakA hai yA nahIM? athavA, usake zithilAcArI hone kI koI sambhAvanA to nahIM hai? dUsarA yaha ki yadi usane yathArtha tapasyA kI hai, to usake prabhAva se use ghane nirjana jaMgala meM bhI kyA nirdoSa AhAra mila sakatA hai? mahAkavi raidhU ke varNanAnusAra dekhie Knowing about his short life through Akasvani (devine Voice of Sky at Katavapra, (South India) Bhadrabahu sends the Sadhu-Sangha ahead to Chola Country under the leadership of Acarya Visakhanandin and stays himself with Chandragupta there, Bhadrabhau direts Chandragupta to accept KantaraCarya (taking ceremonial food in the forest). tahiM sajjhAu karivi risi saMThiu tumhaha~ NisahI itthu ji hosai taM NisuNivi muNiNA ji NimittaM sirivisAhaNaMdI muNipuMgamu bAraha-varisai~ gurupaya-sevami jo sissu ji gurupaya NArAhai iya bhaNaMtu thakkau paramttheM bhaddavAhu aNasaNu maMDeppiNu tA majjhima-Nisi sadu smutttthi| gayaNasadu erisu tahu ghosi| Niya thobAu sumuNiu pvittN| saMgha-bhAru karivi suy-sNgmu| iha aDavi NiyakAlu ji khevmi| so kiM tavayaraNeM siu-saahi| Nau gau tAi~ muNiha~ stthe| saMThiu jiiviyaas-chNddeppinnu|
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________________ 69 anekAnta 68/2, apraila-jUna, 2015 caMdagutti uvavAsa karatau tA tahiM Thiu guru-seva krtu| tA guruNA tahiM tAsu ji bhAsiu vaccha NisuNi jiNa-sutti pyaasiu| ghattA- guruvayaNa-suNeppiNu paya-paNaveppiNu gau aDavihiM bhikkhAhiM munni| tA kuvi puNu jakkhaNi tavahu parikkhaNi AyA tattha ji pvrgunni|| ___ arthAt RSikalpa-bhadrabAhu jaba Atma-dhyAna karate huye vahA~ sthita the, tabhI madhyarAtri meM eka zabda utpanna huA (arthAt eka vANI sunAI dI) ki- "tumhArI niSiddhikA (samAdhibhUmi) yahA~ hI hogii| AkAzavANI ne tumhAre liye yahI ghoSaNA kI hai"| | AkAzavANI dvArA apanI Ayu alpa jAnakara AcArya bhadrabAhu vizAkhanandI ke netRtva meM sAdhusaMgha ko cola-deza kI ora bheja dete haiN| candragupta gurusevA ke nimitta vahIM raha jAtA hai| bhadrabAhu use kAntAra-caryA ke lie Adeza dete haiN| usa (AkAza) vANI ko sunakara RSikalpa-bhadrabAhu ne apane nimitta-jJAna se jAna liyA ki "apane pavitra munipada kI Ayu aba thor3I hI raha gayI hai|" ataH unhoMne zrutajJAnI zrI vizAkhanandi-munipuMgava ko saMgha kA AdhAra nAyaka AcArya) banAkara sabase kSamApaNa (kSamA) kara saMgha ko visarjita kara diyA (Age bheja diyA) aura pAvana mahAmuni candragupta unhIM RSikalpa ke pAsa yaha socate huye raha gaye ki- "bAraha varSoM taka gurupada (caraNoM) kI sevA karatA huA isI aTavI meM maiM apane samaya ko vyatIta karatA rhuuNgaa| jo ziSya apane guru ke padoM kI ArAdhanA nahIM karatA, vaha tatpazcaraNa se ziva-sAdhanA kyA karegA?" isa prakAra kahate hue ve candragupta-mahAmuni paramArtha se (nizcaya se) vahIM Thahara gaye aura una vizAkha Adi munIndroM ke sAtha unhoMne Age kA vihAra nahIM kiyaa| ___ RSi-bhadrabAhu jIvita rahane kI AzA chor3akara anazana maoNDakara (arthAt caturvidha-AhAra kA sarvathA AjIvana tyAgakara) vahIM kaTavapra ke parvata-zikhara kI guphA meM samAdhistha ho gaye aura candragupta bhI upavAsa karate hue tathA guru kI sevA karate huye vahIM para sthita rhe| tabhI guruzrI bhadrabAhu-svAmI ne una candragupta-muni se kahA- "he vatsa, suno, jinasUtra meM aisA prakAzita kiyA gayA hai (spaSTa kiyA gayA hai) ki sAdhu ko vanya-prApta meM bhI apanI
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________________ anekAnta 68/2, apraila-jUna, 2015 kAntAra (vana)-bhikSA ke liye jAnA cAhiye aura vahA~ alAbha hone para proSadha (upavAsa) karanA caahiye| mArga kA Alocana prathama vidheya hai| vaha apane (antarAya-) karma ke pramANa rUpa jAnanA caahiye|" Muni Chandrahputa has to face Antarayas (Hindrances in taking food as per principle) on account of available food articles which were against the canons. However, from the 4th day he starts getting prescribed pure food. ghattA- guru ke vacanoM ko sunakara tathA unake caraNoM meM praNAmakara munirAja candragupta bhikSA ke liye aTavI meM gye| usI samaya vahA~ eka pravaraguNI yakSiNI usa munirAja ke tapa (brahmacarya) kI parIkSA ke liye aayii| kaMkaNa-kaDaya-vihUsiya Niyakaru dakkhAlai chaharasa caTTai dhru| muNivaru taM picchivi ciMtai maNi ehu ajuttu Na giNhai bhugunni| gau bAhuDi alAhu muNeppiNu guruhu~ taM ji akkhiu pnnveppinnu| avarahiM disi saMpattau jAmahiM siddha rasoi diTTha tiM taamhiN| NANAviha rasavattihiM juttI viNu juvatIe teNa khaNi ciNtii| huya alAhi guru Asami Ayau taM asesu risi puru abhivaayu| muNiNA bhavvu-bhavvu tahu vuttau Thiu uvavAsiM puNu ji pvittu| avaradisahiM guu aNNahiM vAsari ekkaliya tiya diTThi vnnNtri| karikara vaddhaMjali puNu dhareppiNu paDigAhai ThA-ThAhu bhnneppinnu| taM pi ajuttu muNivi Niru cattau jAivi tiM Niyaguruhu~ putthu| risi jaMpai tava puNi saMjAyA pai~ abhaMga rakkhiya vychaayaa| turiyai~ diyasi avaradisi pattau bhikkhAkAraNi nnimml-cittu| Nayaru ekku tiM tattha ji diTThau goura-pAyArehiM mnnitttthi| jiNahara-cauhaTTehiM ravaNNau tattha paiTThau savaNu rvnnnnu| sAvaya dArApehaNa thakkeM caMdagutti paDigAhiu ekkeN| ghattA- vihipuvveM muNivaru surakarikaravara cariya karivi saMpattu lhu| Niya guruhu ji bhAsiu sayala payAsiu Nayaru ikku itthu ji phu||
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________________ 71 anekAnta 68/2, apraila-jUna, 2015 | kAntAra-caryA meM siddhAnta viruddha sAdhana-sAmagrI dekhakara candragupta muni ko lagAtAra antarAya hotA rahatA hai kintu cauthe dina unheM nirdoSa AhAra prApta ho jAtA hai| arthAt usa yakSiNi ne kaMkaNa evaM kaTaka se vibhUSita apane hAthoM meM dhAraNa kiye huye chaharasa sahita cAra prakAra ke AhAra una munirAja ko dikhlaae| unheM dekhakara bahuguNI munivara-candragupta ne apane mana meM vicAra kiyA ki yaha ayukta hai (ThIka nahIM hai, isameM kucha gar3abar3a hai) ataH unhoMne AhAra grahaNa nahIM kiyaa| use alAbha (antarAya) mAnakara lauTa gye| guru ke nikaTa jAkara, praNAma kara unheM yaha samasta vRtAnta kaha sunAyA aura pratyAkhyAna lekara sthita ho gye| __ dUsare dina, unhoMne punaH vana-bhramaNa kI (kAntAra-caryA) utkaNThA kI aura jaba ve anya dUsarI dizA meM pahuMce, taba unhoMne vahA~ siddha kI huI (zAlA) rasoI dekhI, jo nAnA prakAra ke rasoM se yukta thii| kintu vaha rasoI (taiyAra) binA yuvatI ke thii| isI kAraNa munirAja ne usa para tatkAla vicAra kiyA aura usa dina bhI antarAya huA mAnakara ve guru ke Azrama meM lauTe aura abhivAdana kara unako samasta-vRtAnta nivedita kiyaa| taba muni bhadrabAhu ne una candragupta ko bhavya-bhavya (bahuta-ThIka-bahuta-ThIka) khaa| punaH candragupta pavitra-bhAvanA se (sama-vItarAgI pariNAmoM se) upavAsa dhAraNa kara sthita ho gye| __anya (tIsare) dina ve candragupta muni anya dizA meM kAntAra-caryA hetu gye| vahA~ vana ke bIca meM unhoMne eka akelI strI dekhii| usa akelI strI ne apane hAthoM meM jalayukta miTTI kA ghar3A lekara unakA "ThA-ThA" (atra tiSTha-atra tiSTha Adi) kahakara paDagAhana kiyaa| 'akelI strI se AhAra lenA bhI ayukta hai', aisA vicArakara munirAja candragupta ne phira AhAra-tyAga kiyA aura jAkara apane gurudeva se nivedana kara diyaa| taba guru ne kahA ki "tumheM puNyabandha huA, kyoMki tumane vrata kI chAyA (zobhA) ko abhaMga (niraticAra) rakhA (rakSA kI) hai|" nirmala citta candragupta-muni bhikSA ke nimitta caturtha dina anya dizA meM phuNce| yahA~ unhoMne gopura tathA prAkAroM se yukta caurAhoM se ramaNIka tathA
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________________ anekAnta 68/2, apraila-jUna, 2015 maNinirmita jinagRhoM se yukta eka nagara dekhA / ve kSapaNaka (candragupta ) - zramaNa vahA~ jA phuNce| vahA~ (zrAvakagaNa apane-apane) daravAjoM para unakI pratIkSA meM khar3e huye the| unameM se eka ( zrAvaka) ne candragupta-muni ko paDagAhA / ghattA - airAvata hAthI kI sU~Da ke samAna zreSTha hAthoM vAle ve munivara vidhipUrvaka ( navadhA-bhakti sahita) caryA (bhikSA) karake zIghra hI apane Azrama meM lauTa Aye aura apane guru se bole- "he prabhu, yahA~ eka nagara haitahiM sAvaya-jaNa-pavara ji NivasahiM dANa-pUya- vihi te Niru posahiM / ekkahiM ghari mai~ ajja ji bhuttau sukevalitiM NisuNivi vRttau / bhuvva-bhuvvu saMjAu guNAyara huva Nisallu hau~mi vayasAyara / diNi-diNi jAivi tahiM bhuMjevvau Niyasatti uvavAsu karevvau / eNa vihANe so tahiM Nivasai ghorataveNa sadehu kilesa / bhaddabAhu ceyaNi jhAeppiNu dhammajjhANe pANa- caeppiNu / gau surahari risi sukevali tAsu kalevaru Thaviu silAyali / guruhu~ pAya gurubhittihiM lihiyai~ NiyacittaMtarammi sa Nihiyai~ | caMdagutti saMThiu sevaMta guruhu~ viNau tiyalo maMhatau / ghattA- Ayariu visAhaNaMdi savaNe cola - desi gau saMgha - juu / ettahiM pADalipuri je ji ThiyA tattha aIva dukkAlu huu / arthAt "jahA~ aneka uttama zrAvaka - jana nivAsa karate haiM, aura jo dAna evaM pUjA-vidhi se niraMtara apane ( dharmAcAra) ko poSita rakhate haiM, vahIM para maiMne eka ghara meM Aja AhAra grahaNa kiyA hai| " 72 zrutakevalI bhadrabAhu ne usakA kathana sunakara usase kahA- 'he bhavya, guNAkara, bahuta bhadra (kalyANakara) huA / he vratasAgara, aba maiM niHzalya ho gyaa| aba tuma pratidina jAkara vidhi-pUrvaka AhAra le liyA karo aura apanI bhakti - pUrvaka upavAsa bhI kiyA kro| isa prakAra vidhipUrvaka vaha candragupta-muni vahA~ (Azrama - guphA meM ) rahane lage aura ghora tapasyA karate huye kAyakleza sahane lge| candragupta muni ne zrI zrutakevalI - bhadrabAhu kA kalevara (mRta-zarIra) zilAtala para sthApita kara diyaa| punaH unake caraNoM ko vizAla bhIMTha (dIvAla) para likha diyA (ukera diyA) aura unheM apane citta ke bhItara bhI
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________________ anekAnta 68/2, apraila-jUna, 2015 nidhi ke samAna sthApita kara liyaa| ve svayaM guru-caraNoM kI sevA karate hue vahIM sthita rhe| ThIka hI kahA gayA hai ki- "tInoM lokoM meM guru kI vinaya hI mahAn hai|" __ghattA- udhara AcArya vizAkhanandi-zramaNa (muni) apane saMgha-sahita cola-deza meM pahu~ce aura idhara, jo-jo AcArya pATaliputra meM Thahara gaye the, vahA~ (pATaliputra meM) unheM atyanta bhayaMkara duSkAla kA sAmanA karanA pdd'aa| muni prabhAcandra (candragupta) jaba tapasyArata the tabhI AcArya vizAkhanandi apane 12000 sAdhusaMgha ke sAtha cola-deza se vApisa kaTavapra lauTakara aaye| taba usa nirjana gahana-vana meM unakI AhAra-caryA kI viSama-samasyA utpanna ho gi| isI ciMtA meM eka dina nikala gyaa| ___ agale dina mahAmuni prabhAcandra (candragupta) ne AcArya vizAkha se eka viziSTa dizA kI ora saMketa karate hae sasaMgha kAntAra-caryA (vanya-prAnta meM AhAra-caryA) hetu jAne kA nivedana kiyaa| samayAnusAra ve cale aura nirdiSTa sthAna para phuNce| vahA~ jAkara unhoMne dekhA ki sabhI saMgha ke AhAra-hetu zAstrIya paddhati se vyavasthA hai| pUrA nagara sajA huA thaa| zrAvakoM ne unako paDagAha kara AhAra-dAna diyA aura sabhI pramudita ho utthe| vahA~ se prasthAna karate samaya eka sAdhu ne apane kamaNDala eka vRkSa kI TahanI para laTakA diyA aura nagara-saundarya dekhate-dekhate usa kamaNDala ko uThAnA hI bhUla gayA aura sabhI ke sAtha vApisa apanI kuTI para lauTa aayaa| smaraNa Ate hI vaha kamaNDala uThAne gayA to kamaNDala to mila gayA kintu sajA-dhajA nagara lupta thA tathA vahA~ kevala gahana-vana hI dekhane ko milaa| vastutaH yaha kaThora tapasvI mahAmuni prabhAcandra (candragupta) kI tapasyA kA daivI-camatkAra hI thA ki itane bar3e sAdhu saMgha ke liye bhI vahAM vidhipUrvaka AhAra-dA.na milaa| isake bAda ve prabhAcandra mahAmuni to kaTavapra para hI tapasyArata rahe kintu AcArya vizAkha ne sasaMgha pATaliputra kI ora vihAra kiyaa| ___isake bAda hI mahAkavi raidhU ne apane bhadrabAhu-cANakya-candragupta-kathAnaka meM bhadravAhukAlIna (I.pU. caturtha sadI) dvAdaza-varSIya bhISaNa duSkAla tathA anya aneka dukhada romAMcaka ghaTanAoM kI carcA kI hai, jo itihAsa kI dRSTi se vizeSa mahatvapUrNa hai| -bI-5/40sI,sekTara-34,dhavalagiri ,noeDA( yU.pI.)201301
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________________ anekAnta 68/2, apraila-jUna, 2015 mahAvIra jayaMtI 02 apraila 2015 para vizeSa bhagavAna mahAvIra kI prAsaMgikatA - siddhArtha kumAra jaina yuga puruSa tIrthakara kAlAtIta hote haiN| kaivalyajJAna kA divya avadAna unheM amaratA kI saugAta de jAtA hai| ve samaya kI dhArA meM vilIna nahIM hote haiN| jaba bhItara, Alokita ho jAtA hai, to bAhara ke kuhAse/ aMdhakAra miTa jAte haiN| aMdhakAra to ajJAna aura moha kA hotA hai, bhagavAna mahAvIra ke bhItara se moha aura ajJAna kA aMdherA samApta ho jAne se ve sarvakAlika jyotirdhara bana gye| bhagavAna mahAvIra kI pahacAna bAharI vaibhava yA camatkAra se nahIM jur3I hai| ve sarvadaizika va sarvakAlika isalie ho gaye ki unhoMne apanI Atma vRttiyoM se yuddha kara aura anta:kaSAyoM ko parAsta kara vijayI bne| isa Atmadevatva ke kAraNa ve mahAvIra khlaaye| kisI bAharI yuddha ke vijaya se nahIM, Atma vijaya ke kAraNa unakI janma-jayaMtI/ janma kalyANaka DhAI hajAra varSoM se pUjya bhAva evaM zraddhA se manatI A rahI hai| mAnavIya- mUlya kabhI purAne nahIM pdd'te| mahAvIra kI divya- dezanA, mAnavIya- mUlyoM ke saMrakSaNa/ saMvarddhana ke lie bhArata vasuMdharA para huI thii| jinakI dezanA meM (1) samatA (2) sahiSNutA (3) sahaastitva (4) saMyama aura (5) svataMtratA ke paMcazIla sUtra udabhAsita hue the jo Aja bhI utane hI sAmayika aura prAsaMgika haiM jitane usa samaya the jaba divya dhvani se avatarita hue the| samatA- yaha prakRti kA avadAna hai| isalie mahAvIra sA naisargika puruSa dUsarA khoja pAnA muzkila hai| unameM AkAza sI nirAlaMbatA aura taruvara sI nisargatA thii| jaise prakRti ne unheM avatarita kiyA ho| AvaraNa
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________________ anekAnta 68/2, apraila-jUna, 2015 75 unheM svIkAra nahIM rhaa| unakA digambaratva/vItarAgatva prakRti kI saccAI thii| jaise prakRti meM chipAne ko kucha nahIM hai vaise hI mahAvIra nirabhra the| __ bhagavAna mahAvIra kI khoja- anIndriya-mUlaka thI, indriya janita nhiiN| indriyoM kA saMbandha bAhara se hai, padArthoM se hai aura vijJAna kI sArI khojapadArthoM se jur3I hai| vijJAna-zarIra aura mana se lekara bhUta tatvoM taka phailA hai| jabaki anIndriya kI khoja vItarAga-vijJAna para TikI hai| vaha adhyAtma kI yAtrA hai| vaha AtmAnusaMdhAna hai| vItarAga vijJAna ke himAlaya se samatA kI pAvana gaMgA avatarita hotI hai| usa gaMgA ko bulAne ke lie Atma-puruSArtha kA bhAgIratha caahie| ___ jIvana-mRtyu meM jaya-parAjaya meM, sukha-dukha meM, prazaMsA aura niMdA meM samatAzIla bane rahanA, yaha vItarAga-vijJAna kA karizmA ho sakatA hai| saMsAra- suvarNa evaM mRtikA ko samabhAva se kaise dekha sakatA hai? samatA- jIva kI apanI maulikatA hai, usakI prakRti hai, jabaki viSamatA usakI vikRti hai| mahAvIra kA divya saMdeza viSamatA se bacane kA rhaa| samatA kI pAvana gaMgA ke do kUla hai| (1) sahiSNutA (2) sahaastitva digambaratva kI kalpanA sahiSNu bane binA nahIM kI jA sktii| AkAza kI or3hana aura pRthvI kI bichAvana, AkAza sA hRdaya aura pRthvI sI kSamA, jaba jIvana kI paribhASA bana jAye, to digambaratva kI pahacAna pragaTa hotI hai| sAdhanA cAhe aNuvrata pAlana kI ho yA mahAvrata ke anuzIlana kI, sahiSNutA ke pAMva binA vaha laMgar3I hai| anuzAsana bAharI ho yA bhItarI, sahiSNutA usakI prAthamika zarta hai| isake binA svataMtratA, ucchRkhala hai| upasarga- sahiSNutA ke mitra bana jAte haiN| zramaNa sAdhanA meM bAIsa pariSaha kahe gye| sahiSNutA kI DhAla se pariSahoM kA AkramaNa jhelA jA sakatA hai| - samatA kI phasala meM sahiSNutA paidA hotI hai| - viveka se sahiSNutA ko bala milatA hai aura - sahiSNutA se saha astitva kI avadhAraNA kA vikAsa hotA hai| sahaastitva - saha astitva ke garbha meM anAgraha ke bIja chipe hote haiN|
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________________ 16 anekAnta 68/2, apraila-jUna, 2015 ___ - vastutaH saMgharSa kA janaka hamArI Agraha vRtti hai| Agraha vRti-sata-asata aura heya-upAdeya ko nahIM, svArtha ko dekhatI hai| Agraha vRti se mithyAtva ko bala milatA hai aura jahA~ mithyAtva hai, vahAM aviveka hai| aviveka saMgharSa aura yuddha racatA hai| ___ - mahAbhArata aviveka kA saMgrAma thA, jo Agraha kI bhUmi para lar3A gayA thaa| __ - bhagavAna mahAvIra ne syAdvAda aura anekAnta ke Aloka meM saha astitva ko prANa diye| AcaraNa meM rUpAyita huA anekAnta- saha astitva kI anukampA se| ___ - saha astitva ke AMgana meM 'parasparopagrahojIvAnAm' kA amara sUtra puSpa banakara phalA phuulaa| pratyeka prANI sApekSatA aura saha astitva se jur3A hai| eka kA upakAra dUsare ko upakata kara rahA hai| isake binA na jIvana saMbhava hai aura na jIvana kA vikaas| - prakRti meM akAraNa kucha nahIM hai| bhale hI hamArI ajJAnatA usameM prayojana na DhUMDha paaye| vRkSa hamase sAMse le rahA aura hama vRkSoM ke kAraNa prANavAyu pA rahe haiN| manuSya manuSya se hI nahIM vRkSoM taka se jur3A hai| lekina hamArA ahaMkAra hameM tor3atA hai| ahaMkAra samasyAeM paidA karatA hai| - saha astitva AdamI ko AdamI se hI nahIM, varan carAcara se jor3atA hai| vaha samasyAoM kA nirasana kA vizvazAMti kI sthApanA meM ahama bhUmikA nibhAtA hai| saMyama- manuSya ke pAsa 'jJAna kA anaMta bhaNDAra hai| usakI pakar3a meM saba kucha kaida ho rahA hai, kevala vaha svayaM ko nahIM pakar3a pA rahA hai| svayaM ko nahIM khoja pA rahA hai| mahAna vaijJAnika AinsTIna mRtyu zayyA para the| eka patrakAra ne usane aMtima icchA jAnanI cAhI ki marane ke bAda dUsare janma meM Apa kyA honA cAheMge? AinsTIna ne kahA- kucha bhI ho jAU~ para eka vaijJAnika nhiiN| __jisane sArI jindagI vijJAna ke lie samarpita kI ho usake mana meM vijJAna ke prati itanA aphsos| AinsTIna ne kahA- subaha 10 baje DAkTaroM ne jabAva de diyA ki tuma caubIsa ghaMTe se jyAdA nahIM jI skoge| maiMne saikar3oM
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________________ anekAnta 68/2, apraila-jUna, 2015 77 AviSkAra kiye magara usa tatva kI khoja karane kA kabhI prayAsa nahIM kiyA, jisake kAraNa maiM aba taka jIvita huuN| jisake nikala jAne ke bAda AinsTIna AinsTIna nahIM mAtra mATI kA putalA raha jaayegaa| sabako jAnA para usa 'eka' se anajAnA rhaa| usakI khoja nahIM kara paayaa| sahI hai; jise pAnA hai- jo honA hai- vaha tumhAre bhItara hI hai / saMyama se usa hone ko pragaTa kiyA jA sakatA hai| saMyama jIvana kI buniyAda hai| lekina niyama, vrata, saMyama, caritra ye saba pravacana kI vastueM bana gayI haiN| aba to ina para seminAra bhara Ayojita hone lage haiN| jIvana se samyak caritra kaTa gayA hai| isalie Aja adhyAtma ghuTane Tekakara vijJAna kA dAsa bana gayA hai| khoTI vRtiyoM/ kRtiyoM ke kAraNa usakA jJAna cAroM khAne citta hai / caritra ke nAma para AdamI chadma bana gayA hai| vaha maMdira meM Atma cetanA ke sarovara meM tairatA hai, parantu bAhara nikalate hI zarIra kI sevA meM laga jAtA hai| jo Atma bodha usane maMdira meM arjita kiyA thA, deharI pAra karate hI saMsArArpaNa kara detA hai| isalie caritra kA phUla murajhAyA huA hai| isameM na tAjagI hai aura na hI surabhi / jIvana meM pUjyatA AtI hai samyak caritra aura saMyamAcaraNa se / vItarAga vijJAna adbhuta zabda hai| vItarAga eka siddhAnta (Theory) darzana ho sakatA hai, parantu usake sAtha vijJAna jur3a jAne se usameM kriyAtmakatA/ prayoga (Experiment) jur3a gayA jaba jIvana meM vItarAga bhAva jhalakane lage, jaise darpaNa meM pratibimba, taba vaha vItarAga vijJAna bana jAtA hai| saMyama- AcaraNa se jur3A vyAvahArika tatva hai, jo zrama/puruSArtha se pAyA jAtA hai| zramaNa vahI jo saMyama kI paripUrNatA hAsila kre| mahAvIra kI dezanA thI ki cAritra / saMyama kI pUrNatA binA nirvANa sukha nahIM mila sktaa| saMyama ke anuzIlana se karmoM kI parAdhInatA kaTa sakatI hai/ kaTatI hai aura AtmA apanI maulikatA meM lauTatI hai| svatantratA - manuSya apanI vAsanA ke kAraNa parataMtra / parAdhIna hai| apanI kAmanAoM kA gulAma hai| hamArI anaMta icchAoM/ abhilASAoM ke cakravyUha ne AtmA kI svataMtratA ko ojhala banA diyA hai| vaha parataMtra nahIM honA
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________________ anekAnta 68/2, apraila-jUna, 2015 cAhatA parantu dUsaroM kA svAmI banakara use parataMtra banAye rakhane meM rasa letA hai| yahI usakI svataMtratA ko bAdhita kiye hai| bhagavAna mahAvIra ne parataMtratA kI ber3I / adRzya jaMjIreM kATane ke lie pahale moha ko visarjita karane kI bAta khii| moha dukha kA janaka hai| jahA~ moha hai vahAM paravazatA hai| moha kaise dUra ho| mahAvIra ne sUtra kahA:- saMsAra ke prati jitanA kartA aura bhoktA banoge karmoM kA baMdhana utanA hI jakar3egA aura moha ke vyAmoha se virata nahIM ho skoge| isake viparIta jitanA jJAtA aura dRSTAbhAva apane aMdara, saMsAra ke prati paidA karoge utanI nirAsakti hogI, asparza bhAva hogA aura karma baMdhana kI paravazatA se unmukta hoNge| manuSya, zarIra kA dAsa banakara raha gyaa| deha saundarya saundarya bhUla gyaa| deha/ indriyA~ - kSaraNazIla haiM isalie inakA sauMdarya bhI kSaraNadharmA hai| AtmA akSara hai, ataH Atma-sauMdarya- zAzvata hai| Atma - jaba taka indriyoM kI vAsanA se Upara nahIM uThoge, svataMtratA kosoM dUra khar3I rhegii| ataH maulikatA meM lauTane kA sUtra hai: Atma svAtaMtrya kA avbodh| vAsanAyeM- hamArI parataMtratA kA tAnA bAnA bunatI haiN| isa jAla se chuTakAra pAye binA 'svataMtratA' AkAza kusuma hai| - vizva kI behatAzA bar3ha rahI hiMsA va krUratA, azAMti va AtaMkavAda, yuddha va saMgharSa kI vibhISikA ne ahiMsA ke masIhA mahAvIra ko aba jyAdA prAsaMgika banA diyA hai| ahiMsA kI mazAla se hI hiMsA kA tamasa (aMdhakAra) dUra hogaa| vizva kI jvalanta samasyAoM ke hala karane ke lie mahAvIra kI ahiMsA, aparigraha aura anekAnta Aja jyAdA mahatvapUrNa bana gaye haiN| ANvika-hathiyAroM kI pratispardhAtmaka daur3a meM mahAvIra kI dezanA, Thaharane kA zubha saMketa de rahI hai / kaha rahI hai; ruko aura roko ina ANvika astroM ke bar3hate bhaMDAroM ko, tabhI vizvazAMti kI vArtAe~ sArthaka ho sakatI haiN| 78 katlakhAnoM ke bAharI ahAtoM meM mUka pazuoM kA jamAva dekhakara mahAvIra kI ahiMsA bilakhane lagI / eka darda bharA prazna ina pazuoM kI ora se mahAvIra pUcha rahe haiM rAjanIti kI sattA para baiThe manuSya se ki kyA inheM jIne kA adhikAra nahIM hai ? yaha prazna Aja bhI anuttarita hai /
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________________ anekAnta 68/2, apraila-jUna, 2015 79 - bhogavAda kI saMskRti meM, lipsA aura arAjakatA ke isa badalate pariveza aura paryAvaraNa meM mahAvIra jyAdA prAsaMgika bana gaye haiN| mahAvIra ko pAne kI pyAsa manuSyatA kA takAjA hai| viveka/prajJA kI A~kha kholeM to mahAvIra ko sAmane khar3A pAyeMge aura yadi saMvedanA kI/ viveka kI AMkha baMda kara lI, to sahI mAniye, sAmane khar3e hue mahAvIra bhI nahIM dikha skeNge| mahAvIra ko khojeM aura jiyeM apane jIvana meN| ___ - saMgIta nirdezaka, kendrIya vidyAlaya, jazapura (cha.ga.) __ - arha - - aha~ hamArA iSTa hai| yaha arhat kA bIja maMtra hai| | - arhat- jisameM apanI asIma kSamatAoM ko prakaTa karane kI arhatA jAga jAtI hai aura jo dUsaroM kI arhatA, jagAne meM laga jAtA hai| bhagavAn mahAvIra arhat' the| arha- tIrthakara kA pratIka hai| Ananda-kendra (thAimasa-granthi) meM arha kA dhyAna kara sthAI AnaMda kA anubhava kreN| - arha hai - (i) hamAre astitva kI, hamAre iSTadeva kI smRti| (ii) yaha hai sahaja Ananda ko jAgrata karane vAlA aura mAnasika tanAva ko dUra karane vAlA, manokAyika rogoM se bacAne vaalaa| (iii) isake dhyAna se vikalpa zAnta hote haiN| arha zabda-(i) 'a'- taijasa zakti kA svarUpa hai| (ii) 'ra'- agni-bIja hai, isase bure saMskAra naSTa hote haiN| (iii) 'ha'-AkAza-bIja hai, jo cidAkAza kA anubhava baDhAtA hai| (iv) 'm' - eka jhaMkAra jo jJAna taMtu sakriya banAtA hai| - AcArya zrI mahAprajJa (jainavizvabhAratI. phara. 2011) se sAbhAra
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________________ anekAnta 68/2, apraila-jUna, 2015 karmakSaya kA pradhAna kAraNa tapa -DaoN0 zreyAMsakumAra jaina jaina sAdhanA kA lakSya karmoM kA kSaya karake mokSa prApta karanA hai| karmakSaya ke lie tapa karanA Avazyaka hai kyoMki tapa ke binA karma kSaya nahIM hai aura jisa kriyA se karmakSaya na ho usakA nAma tapa bhI nahIM hai isIlie bhaTTAkalaMkadeva ne to kahA hI hai ki jo karmakSaya ke lie tapA jAya, vaha tapa hai| AcArya vIrasena kA kahanA hai-samyagdarzana, samyagjJAna aura samyakcAritrarUpa ratnatraya ko prakaTa karane ke lie icchA kA nirodha tapa hai| vArasANuvekkhA meM likhA hai ki paJcendriya viSaya aura krodhAdi cAra kaSAya kA vinigraha karake dhyAna aura svAdhyAya ke dvArA AtmaciMtana karanA tapa hai| bhagavatI ArAdhanA ke anusAra akartavya ke tyAgarUpa cAritra meM jo udyoga aura upayoga kiyA jAtA hai, vaha tapa hai| jayasenAcArya kA kahanA hai ki rAgAdi samasta bhAva icchAoM ke tyAga se svasvarUpa meM pratapana vijayana karanA tapa hai| nItivAkyAmRta meM AcArya somadeva ne spaSTa zabdoM meM kahA hai- pAMca indriyoM - sparzana, rasanA, ghrANa, cakSu, zrotra aura chaThA mana ko vaza meM karanA, ina para saMyama rakhanA, icchAoM para pUrNa rUpa se aMkuza lagAnA tapa hai| isa prakAra AcAryoM dvArA tapa kI vividha paribhASAeM likhI gaI haiN| vrata grahaNa aura tapa karane se icchAoM kA nirodha hotA hai| icchAe~ AkAza kI taraha ananta haiM una ananta icchAoM ko rokane kA nirundhana karane kA kArya, tapa karanA hai| tapa se sabhI icchAeM naSTa ho jAtI hai| jaba taka icchAeM nahIM rukatIM vahA~ taka tapa nahIM hai| mana meM udadAma icchAeM panapa rahIM hoM aura Upara se yadi tyAga kara bhI diyA gayA ho, to vastutaH vaha tyAga nahIM hai, vaha tapa nahIM tApa hai| tapa dharma sAdhanA kA prANa hai| isa virATa vizva meM jitanI bhI zaktiyA~ haiM, vibhUtiyAM haiM aura labdhiyAM haiM, ve tapa se samprApta hotI haiN| saMsAra ke padArthoM ko chor3akara tapasyA ko aMgIkAra karanA zreSTha hai kisI AcArya ne kahA hai "tapomUlA hi siddhayaH" samasta siddhiyAM tapamUlaka haiN| AcArya nemicandrAcArya ne spaSTa rUpa se likhA hai ki "jitanI bhI labdhiyAM haiM
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________________ 81 anekAnta 68/2, apraila-jUna, 2015 ve tapa se hI samprApta hotI haiN| tapa se AtmA meM eka adbhuta teja kA saMcAra hotA hai| isalie AcArya amRtacandradeva ne tapa ko svIkAra karane ko kahA bauddhasAhitya ke adhyayana se jJAta hotA hai ki tathAgata buddha ne apane sAdhanAkAla ke prAraMbha meM chaH varSa taka bahuta hI ugra tapa kI sAdhanA kI thii| jisase unakA zarIra atyanta kRza ho gayA thA, unhoMne kezaluJcana Adi bhI kiyA thaa| anazana tapa kI upekSA kara use pUrNa rUpa se na mAnakara madhyamamArga kA upadeza diyA kintu tapa kA sarvathA niSedha nahIM kiyaa| unhoMne cAra sarvazreSTha maMgala mAne haiM, unameM tapa ko bhI eka maMgala mAnA aura usa tapa ko sarvaprathama sthAna diyaa| tathAgata ne yaha bhI kahA- "maiM zraddhA kA bIja vapana karatA hU~ aura tapa kI usa para dRSTi hotI hai| eka bAra viMbasAra se kahA- maiM tapasyA karane ke lie jA rahA hU~ kyoMki usa mArga meM merA mana lagatA hai| aMguttara nikAya ke diTThibaddha sutta meM tapa aura vrata karane kI preraNA dI hai| saMyuktanikAya meM kahA hai ki tapa aura brahmacarya binA pAnI kA aMtaraMga snAna hai| jo jIvana ke vikAroM ke mala ko dhokara sApha kara detA hai| ukta kathanoM se spaSTa hai ki bauddha sAhitya meM tapa kA vizeSa mahattva pratipAdita hai| vaidikasAhitya meM bhI tapa kA varNana bharA par3A hai| vaidikasaMhitAoM meM tapa ke artha meM tejas zabda vyavahRta huA hai| jIvana ko tejasvI aura varcasvI banAne ke lie tapa kI sAdhanA ke lie preraNA dI gaI hai| zatapatha brAhmaNa meM kahA hai tapa rUpa tejaH zakti se mAnava saMsAra meM vijayazrI ko varaNa karatA hai aura samRddhi usake caraNa cUmane ko lAlAyita rahatI hai| kRSNayajurveda, taittirIya brAhmaNa meM ullekha milate haiM ki prajApati ne tapa kiyA aura aura usI ke prabhAva se sRSTi kI RSiyoM ne kahA hai tapa hI merI pratiSThA hai|3 zreSTha aura paramajJAna tapa se sahI pragaTa hotA hai| isI prakAra sAmaveda, atharvaveda, brAhmaNa graMtha aura vaidikapurANa, Ayurveda zAstroM meM tapa kI mahimA varNita hai| yaha bhAratIya saMskRti kA prANa tattva hai| ataH vistAra se varNya hai| jainadharma meM tapa kI vizeSa mahattA hai, isalie jainAcAryoM ne tapa kA vistAra se varNana kiyA hai| tapa cAritra kA pradhAna aMga hai| cAritra mokSaprApti kA carama sAdhAna hai| ataH mumukSuoM ke kalyANArtha sabhI zrAvakAcAra evaM zramaNAcAra
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________________ anekAnta 68/2, apraila-jUna, 2015 saMbandhI graMthoM meM cAritra kA varNana kiyA hai|aacaary amRtacandra ne puruSArthasiddhayupAya ke anta meM cAritra kA varNana karate hue tapa ko sevana karane ke lie kahA hai cAritrAntarbhAvAt tapo'pi mokSAMgamAgame gditm| anigUhitanijavIryaistadapi niSevyaM smaahitsvaantaiH|| ___ puruSArtha 0197 samyakcAritra meM garbhita hone se tapa bhI Agama meM mokSa kA aMga kahA gayA hai| isalie vaha tapa bhI apanI zakti ko nahIM chipAne vAle aura apane mana ko vaza meM rakhane vAle puruSa ke dvArA sevana yogya hai| __AcArya amRtacandradeva kA bhAva hai ki mokSa prApti ke lie tapa bhI vizeSa hetu hai binA tapa aMgIkAra ke karmo kI nirjarA azakya hai| mokSAbhilASI ko mana ko vaza meM rakhakara zakti ko na chipAkara tapa avazya hI karanA caahie| tattvArthasUtrakAra ne 'tapasAnirjarA ca' isa sUtra ke dvArA tapa ko saMvara aura nirjarA kA mukhya kAraNa batAyA hI hai| tapa ke binA mokSamArga hI prazasta nahIM hotaa| tapa samyakcAritra meM antarbhUta hai| cAritra ke binA mukti nahIM hai aura tapa ke binA cAritra nahIM hai| ataH tapa mahatvapUrNa hai, jo loga tapa kI upekSA karate haiM, tapa ko bhI kriyAkANDa jaise zabda se vyavahata karate haiM una ajJAniyoM ko saMbodhana karate hue AcArya zrI vizuddhasAgara kA kahanA hai ki tapa ko kriyA kANDa kahakara nija AtmA ke zatru mata bana jaanaa| jo saMyama-cAritra kI avahelanA kara rahA hai, jJAna kI avahelanA kara rahA hai, vaha apanI AtmA kA ghAta apane dvArA hI kara rahA hai| dhyAna rakhanA kabhI bhI aisA mata kaha denA ki tapa to kriyAkANDa hai| hA~ yadi vaha tapa paramArtha se zUnya hai, to kriyAkANDa hai, kyoMki jo vratI zIla va saMyama ko dhAraNa karake bhI paramArtha se zUnya hote haiM, ve nirvANa ko prApta nahIM kara pAte haiN| paramArtha se zUnya hokara jo kucha bhI kiyA jAyegA, vaha saba saMsAra kA hetu bnegaa| jo tapa ko mokSamArga nahIM mAnatA, vaha jaina Agama se bAhya yAni mithyAdRSTi hai|5 ____ yahA~ AcArya zrI tapa ke mAdhyama se samyak tapa kI carcA kara rahe haiM jo kaSAyoM kA upazamana kara jainAcAryoM dvArA batAye gaye tapa kI ArAdhanA
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________________ anekAnta 68/2, apraila-jUna, 2015 karatA hai, vahI mokSamArgI hai| vartamAna meM veza banAkara kaThora se kaThora kriyAoM ko karate hue khoTe tapa tape jA rahe haiM, unase saMsAra samApta hone vAlA nahIM hai isalie jinamata meM pratipAdita tapa kA AcaraNa hI karmakSaya kA nimitta hai| tapa mukhya rUpa se muni AcaraNa kA viSaya hai| muni hI mahAvratI hote haiN| sakala saMyama mahAvrata kahA jAtA hai| pravacana para mahAvrata ko samajhAte hue kahate haiM- jinavratoM ko mahApuruSa dhAraNa karate haiM, una vratoM kA nAma mahAvrata hai| athavA jinavratoM ko dhAraNa karane se AtmA mahAn bana jAtI hai, usakA nAma mahAvrata hotA hai| sakalavratI kI tapasyA hI phala dene vAlI hotI hai kyoMki vaha nirdoSa rIti se kI jAtI hai| Atmazodhana kI sAdhanabhUta prakriyA tapa ko bAhya aura Abhyantara ke bheda se do prakAra kA kahA gayA hai6 AcArya amRtacandradeva puruSArtha siddhayupAya meM sakalacAritra ke pratipAdana meM anazana, avamaudarya viviktazayAsana, rasatyAga, kAyakleza, vRtteHsaMkhyA ko bAhya tapa kahA hai| inase mana azubha ko prApta nahIM hotA hai| zraddhA utpanna hotI hai tathA yoga mUlaguNa hIna nahIM hote haiN| (mUlAcAra 358) bAhya tapoM aura abhyaMtara tapoM kI saMkhyA aura saMjJA to sabhI AcAryoM ne samAna rUpa se svIkAra kI hai kintu krama meM bheda pAyA jAtA hai jaise mUlAcAra kAra ne nimna krama likhA hai aNasaNa avamodariyaM rasaparicAo ya vutti prisNkhyaa| kAyassa ya paritAvo vivittsynnaasnnNchttheN|| mUlAcAra 5/149 anazana, avamaudarya, vRttiparisaMkhyAna, rasaparityAga kAyakleza tathA viviktazayanAsana se bAhya tapa ke chaha bheda hai| tattvArthasUtrakAra anazanAvamaudaryavRttiparisaMkhyAnarasaparityAgaviviktazayAsanakAya klezAH bAhya8 tpH| arthAt anazana, avamaudarya, vRttiparisaMkhyAna, rasaparityAga, viviktazayAsana aura kAyakleza yaha bAhya tapa hai| mUlAcAra kI paramparA kA anusaraNa tattvArthasUtrakAra ne saMjJA ke artha meM kiyA hai kintu mUlAcAra meM kAyakleza kA ullekha pAMcave krama para aura viviktazayAsana kA chaThe sthAna para hai| AcArya amRtacandradeva ne puruSArthasiddhayupAya meM viviktazayAsana ko tRtIya sthAna para, kAyakleza ko
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________________ anekAnta 68/2, apraila-jUna, 2015 84 pAMcave sthAna para vRttiparisaMkhyA chaThe sthAna rakha tattvArthasUtra se bhinnatA apanAyI hai| tattvArthasUtra meM anazana, avamaudarya ke bAda vRttiparisaMkhyAna kA krama aucityapUrNa pratIta hotA hai kyoMki vRttiparisaMkhyAna kA sambandha AhAracaryA se hai| vivaktazayAsana ke bAda kAyakleza bhI saMgatipUrNa hai / aba anazana Adi tapoM kA svarUpa samajha lenA bhI Avazyaka hai| anazana - khAdya, svAdya, lehya aura peya ina cAroM prakAra ke AhAroM kA sarvathA parityAga kara denA anazana tapa hai| dhavala, 9 tattvArthavArtika Adi granthoM meM anazana tapa kA varNana vistAra se hai| avamaudarya ::- bhUkha se eka grAsa, grAsa, tIna grAsa Adi krama se bhojana ghaTAkara lenA, ghaTate ghaTate eka grAsa mAtra lenA avamaudarya tapa hai| saMyama kI jAgarUkatA, doSa, prazama, saMtoSa svAdhyAya aura sukha kI siddhi ke lie avamaudarya tapa kiyA jAtA hai / 21 viviktazayyAsana :- adhyayana aura dhyAna meM bAdhA karane vAle kAraNoM ke samUha se rahita vivikta ekAnta evaM pavitra sthAna meM jo zayana / baiThanA hai viviktazayyAsana tapa hai / 22 vivikta (ekAnta) meM sone-baiThane se brahmacarya vrata kA pAlana hotA hai, dhyAna aura svAdhyAya kI vRddhi hotI hai aura gamanAgamana ke abhAva se jIvoM kI rakSA hotI hai| 23 vartamAna meM munijana isa viviktazayyAsana tapa kI upekSA kara rahe haiN| upekSA hI nahIM isa tapa ko svIkAra hI nahIM kara rahe haiN| isI se Azrama yA maTha athavA svanAma se tIrtha rUpa AvAsoM kA nirmANa karAkara raha rahe haiN| AvAsoM meM sarva suvidhAeM bhI ekatrita kI jAtI haiM, jinake kAraNa vAyukAyika, agnikAyika, jalakAyika, pRthvIkAyika jIvoM kI virAdhanA hotI hai| isa Alekha ke mAdhyama se zrAvakoM ke lie batAne kA prayAsa hai ki tapasviyoM kI vasatikA kaisI hotI hai- zUnya ghara, pahAr3I kI guphA, vRkSa kA mUla, devakula, zikSAghara, dharmAyatanadharmazAlA kisI ke dvArA na banAyA gayA sthAna, ArAmaghara, krIDA ke lie Aye hue ke AvAsa ke lie banAyA gayA ye saba vivikta vasatikAe~ hai|24 aisI vasatikA meM rahane vAlA sAdhaka kalaha Adi doSoM se dUra rahatA hai| dhyAna meM adhyayana meM bAdhA ko prApta nahIM hotA / 25 jahA~ strI, napuMsaka aura pazu ho, udgama utpAdana doSa se rahita vasatikA meM sAdhu ko rahanA cAhie / 6 mUlAcAra meM spaSTa kahA hai ki pramatta- apramatta munirAjoM ko aise sthAnoM para nahIM rahanA cAhie jahA~ rAga pariNAma bar3heM aura gRhasthoM kA vAsa ho
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________________ 85 anekAnta 68/2, apraila-jUna, 2015 "tiyaJca gAya-bhaiMsa Adi manuSya, strI, svecchAcAriNI, vezyA Adi bhavanavAsinI, vyantara Adi vikArI vezabhUSA vAlI deviyA~ athavA gRhastha jana sahita gRhoM ko/ vasatikAoM ko chor3a denA caahie|27 ukta jinAjJA ko mAnate hue yadi munijana gRhasthoM ke sAtha koThiyoM gRhoM meM rahanA chor3a de to unakI caryA to nirdoSa calegI hI aura jinadharma kI prabhAvanA bhI hogii| rasatyAga :- rasoM ke tyAga ko rasatyAga kahA jAtA hai| dUdha, dahI, ghI, tela, gur3a aura namaka tathA ghRtapUrNa, apUpa, laDDU Adi ko jo tyAga karanA hai, inameM eka-eka yA sabhI kA chor3anA tathA tikta, kaTuka, kaSAyale khaTTe aura mIThe ina rasoM kA tyAga karanA rasa parityAga tapa hai|28 indriyoM ke jItane vAle munirAja ghRtAdigariSTha rasoM ke tyAgI hote haiN| isa tapa meM makkhana, madya, mAMsa, madhu mahA anarthakArI hai| doSoM ko utpanna karane vAle hone se vikRtiyAM haiN| yAvajjIvana sarvathA tyAjya haiN|30 tattvArthavArtikakAra ne rasoM ke bheda na ginAkara "ghRtAdirasatyajanaMya" ghata, dahI, gaDa, tela Adi rasoM ko choDanA rasatyAga hai| itanA hI kahA hai sAtha meM prazna kiyA hai ki jitanI bhI paudgalika vastue~ haiM, sabhI rasa vAlI haiM, una sabakA ullekha honA cAhie taba akalaMkadeva ne uttara diyA ki yahA~ vizeSa rasa se prayojana hai jo rasa indriyoM ko vizeSa rIti se lAlAyita karane vAlA hai, usI kA tyAga Avazyaka hai| tattvArthasAra meM namaka ko rasa nahIM ginaayaa| mAtra tela, kSIra, ikSu, dadhi aura ghI ko liyA hai| tattvArthavArtika meM namaka ko grahaNa kiyA gayA hai| isa tapa se prabala indriyoM kA vijaya hotA hai| rasaRddhi Adi mahAzaktiyA~ pragaTa hotI haiM aura sajjanoM ko mokSa kI prApti hotI hai|32 kAyakleza :- aneka prakAra ke pratimAyoga dhAraNa karanA, mauna rakhanA, AtApana, vRkSamUla, sardI meM nadI taTa para dhyAna karanA Adi kriyAoM se zarIra ko kaSTa denA kAyaklezatapa hai|3 mUlAcAra meM kahA hai "khar3e honA kAyotsarga karanA, sonA, baiThanA aura aneka vidhi niyama grahaNa karanA inake dvArA AgamAnukUla kaSTa sahana karanA yaha kAyakleza tapa hai| isa tapa ko Asana zayana Adi kriyAoM ke mAdhyama se karanA caahie| Asana-vIrAsana, svastikAsana vajrAsana, padmAsana, hastizuNDAsana Adi zayana-zavazayA, gozayA, daNDazayA tathA caapshyaa| inake sivAya zarIra se mamatva chor3akara zmazAna
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________________ anekAnta 68/2, apraila-jUna, 2015 Adi meM kAyotsarga se khar3e rahanA kAyakleza tapa ke prakAra haiN| dAtuna nahIM karanA khujalI, snAna tathA thUkane kA tyAga, rAta meM jAgate rahanA aura kezaloMca ye saba kAya kleza kahe gaye haiN|6 kAyakleza tapa karane se vidvAnoM ko bala Rddhi Adi aneka mahARddhiyA~ prApta hotI haiN| tInoM lokoM meM utpanna hone vAlA sukha prApta hai aura kAmendriya para vijaya hotI hai| viSaya sukhoM meM Asakti nahIM hotI hai tathA dharma kI prabhAvanA hotI hai|38 vRtte saMkhyA (vRtteparisaMkhyAna):- kaThinatA se AhAra prApta hone ke lie pratijJA kara lenA athavA isa prakAra par3agAhana hogA to AhAra lUMgA, nahIM to nahIM, isa prakAra kI pratijJA kara lenA vRtti parisaMkhyAna hai| eka ghara, sAta ghara, eka galI, arddhagrAma Adi ke viSaya kA saMkalpa karanA vRtti parisaMkhyA tapa hai| gharoM, dAtA, bartanoM yA bhojana kA niyama vRttiparisaMkhyAnatapa hai| yaha tapa AzA tRSNA kI nivRtti ke lie kiyA jAtA hai| vRttiparisaMkhyAtanatapa karane se yogiyoM meM kSIra vIratA utpanna hotI hai| AzA aura antarAya karma naSTa hote haiN| lolupatA kA bhI vinAza hotA hai|3|| bAhya tapoM ke vivecana ke bAda aMtaraMga tapoM kA varNana puruSArthasiddhayupAya meM kiyA gayA hai| AcArya amRtacandradeva abhyantara tapoM ke bhedoM kA ullekha kara unheM pAlane ko kahate haiM - vinayo vaiyyAvRtyaM prAyazcitaM tathaiva cotsrgH| svAdhyo'tha dhyAnaM bhavani niSevyaM tpotrNgmiti|| pu0si0 199 / / vinaya, vaiyyAvRtya, prAyazcita, utsarga, svAdhyAya aura dhyAna ina antaraMga tapoM kA sevana karanA caahie| pUrvAcAryoM ne bAhyatapoM ke samAna antaraMga tapoM ke nAma to samAna hI die haiM kintu krama meM bhinnatA hai| AcArya vaTTakera prAyazcita, vinaya vaiyAvRtya, svAdhyAya, vyutsarga, dhyAna vyutsarga AcArya umAsvAmI prAyazcita, vinaya vaiyAvRtya, vyutsarga, dhyAna A05 amRtacandra vinaya, vaiyAvRtya, prAyazcita, utsarga, svAdhyAya, dhyaan| kevala vyutsarga aura utsarga zabda kA antara hai| ye prAyazcita Adi anya dharmAvalambiyoM ke dvArA anabhyasta haiM, unase nahIM kiye jAte haiN| ataH inako uttara aura abhyaMtara tapa kahate haiN| ve prAyazcittAdi tapa antaHkaraNa ke vyApAra kA avalambana lekara hote haiM isalie ye abhyantaratapa haiN| athavA ye
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________________ 87 anekAnta 68/2, apraila-jUna, 2015 prAyazcittAdi tapa bAhya dravyoM kI apekSA nahIM rakhate haiN| isalie inheM abhyantara tapa kahate haiN| 6 aba inakA varNana kiyA jAtA hai| vinaya :- vinIta honA vinaya hai, kaSAya kA indriyoM kA mardana karanA vinaya hai athavA vinaya ke yogya gurujanoM ke viSaya meM yathAyogya namrabhAva rakhanA vinaya hai|" darzana, jJAna, tapa, cAritra upacAra vinaya kA pAlana karane vAlA mokSa kA nAyaka kahA gayA hai| vinaya, tapa, darzana, jJAna, cAritra, upacAra ke bheda se cAra prakAra kA hai aura tapa ko milAkara pAMca prakAra hai| vaiyyAvRtya :- Apatti kA pratikAra karanA vai yAvRtya hai|9 samyagdarzana, samyagjJAna, samyakcAritra, tapa, dhyAna, adhyayana Adi sAdharmiyoM ke kArya ke lie pustaka Adi upakaraNoM ko denA, zAstroM kI vyAkhyA karanA, dharmopadeza denA tathA mukti pUrvaka aura bhI sAdharmiyoM kI sahAyatA karanA tathA vaha sahAyatA binA kisI badale kI icchA ke karanA so saba vai yAvRtya kahalAtA hai| mUlAcAra meM kahA hai - AiriyAdisu paMcasu sabAlavuDDhA ulesu gcchesu| vejjAvaccaM vRttaM kAdavvaM svvsttiie|| mUlAcAra 389 AcArya Adi pAMcoM meM bAla vRddha se sahita gaccha meM vai yAvRtya ko kahA gayA hai, so sarva zakti se karanA caahie| tapa aura tyAga meM AcAryoM ne zakti ke anusAra kahA hai, kintu vai yAvRtti meM sarvazakti se karane kA vidhAna hai| isase vai yAvRtti ke vizeSa mahatva ko sUcita kiyA hai| yahA~ vinaya ke bAda vaiyAvRtya rakhane kA mukhya kAraNa hai ki ahaMkArI kisI kI sevA nahIM kara sakatA hai| AcArya vaTTakara aura AcArya umAsvAmI ne vai yAvRtya ke dasa bheda batalAye haiN|12 tapasviyoM kI vai yAvRtti kA phala svarga mokSa kI prApti hai| prAyazcita : AcArya vaTTakera likhate haiM aparAdha ko prApta huA jIva jisa tapa ke dvArA apane pUrva saMcita pApoM se vizuddha ho jAtA hai, vaha prAyazcita hai, jisase spaSTa tathA pUrva ke vratoM se paripUrNa ho jAtA hai, vaha tapa bhI prAyazcita kahalAtA hai| AcArya zrI vIrasena ne bhI kahA hai ki "saMvega aura nirveda se yukta, aparAdha karane vAlA sAdhu apane aparAdha kA nirAkaraNa karane ke lie
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________________ 88 anekAnta 68/2, apraila-jUna, 2015 jo anuSThAna karatA hai, vaha prAyazcita nAma kA tapaH karma hai / 54 inake AlocanA, pratikramaNa-tadubhaya- viveka - vyutsarga- tapa - cheda - parihAra- upasthApanA nau bheda haiM 194 utsarga (kAyotsarga) :- zarIra mamatva tathA antaraMga aura bahiraMga parigraha ke samAgama kA tyAga karanA muni kA vyutsarga tapa hai|" jo zarIra se pUrNatayA nirmamatva hote haiM, una sAdhuoM ke utsarga tapa hai jo zarIra poSaNa meM lagA rahatA hai usase yaha tapa kaise hogA ? isake aMtaraMga upAdhi aura bahiraMga upAdhi do bheda haiN| isa tapa ke prabhAva se karmakSaya hote haiN| RddhiyA~ prApta hotI haiN| svAdhyAya :- svayaM ke adhyAya kA adhyayana jisameM ho, usakA nAma svAdhyAya hai / vaTTakera AcArya kahate haiM ki jinopadiSTa bAraha aMgoM aura caudaha pUrvo kA upedaza karanA, pratipAdana Adi karanA svAdhyAya hai| yaha parama tapa hai kyoMki karmoM kI nirjarA kA jitanA samartha kAraNa svAdhyAya hai, utanA anya tapa nhiiN| svAdhyAya kI mahimA zAstroM meM vistAra se varNita hai / svAdhyAya ke pAMca bheda bAcanA, pRcchanA, anuprekSA, AmnAya aura dharmopadeza haiN| svAdhyAya kA phala kevalajJAna prApti kahA gayA hai / " AcArya sakalakIrti kA kahanA hai 'jo muni zreSTha kAlazuddhi, dravyazuddhi, kSetrazuddhi aura zreSTha bhAva zuddhi ko dhAraNa kara svAdhyAya meM siddhAnta graMthoM kA paThana-pAThana karate haiM, unako samasta Rddhi Adi zreSTha guNoM ke sAtha samasta zrutajJAna prApta ho jAtA hai / 9 ataH svAdhyAya niyamapUrvaka karanA paramAvazyaka hai| vicAra yaha karanA hai ki kisakA dhyAna, kauna sA dhyAna kAryakArI hai ? AcArya umAsvAmI dvArA samAdhAna diyA gayA hai ve kahate haiM "uttama saMhanana vAle eka viSaya meM cittavRtti kA rokanA dhyAna hai, jo antarmuhUrta kAla taka hotA hai|deg arthAt uttama saMhanana dhArI puruSa hI dhyAtA ho sakate haiN| eka padArtha ko lekara citta ko usI meM sthira kara denA dhyAna hai| dhyAna ke Artta raudra dharmya aura zukla cAra bheda haiM anya prakAra se nizcayadhyAna aura vyavahAradhyAna athavA prazastadhyAna aura aprazastadhyAna rUpa se bhI bheda batAye gaye haiN| antaraMga kI siddhi ke lie jaise vaTaloI ko tapAte ho, para vaTaloI ko tapAne mAtra para dRSTi nahIM hai / dRSTi dUdha para hai, usI prakAra mumukSu jIva
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________________ anekAnta 68/2, apraila-jUna, 2015 89 bahiraMga tapa karatA jarUra hai| lekina dRSTi aMtaraMga Atma dugdha ko zuddha karane kI hotI hai| yadi aMtaraMga para dRSTi nahIM hai to bahiraMga tapa kAryakArI nahIM hotA / antaraMga tapa ke binA bahiraMga tapa kA mahatva hIna batAte hue batalAte haiM ki yaha sunizcita hai ki bahiraMga tapasyA se munirAja to banate haiM, parantu guNasthAna tabhI banatA hai, jaba bahiraMga meM nirgrantha bheSa tathA aMtaraMga meM tapa hotA hai| vahI tapasvI bhI hai| tapasvI ke bAhya tapa sAdhanA saMklezoM kA nivAraNa karAtI hai aura abhyantara tapa manaHzuddhi pUrvaka Atmazuddhi meM kAraNa hote haiN| Atmazuddhi ke sAtha ananta karmoM kI nirjarA tapa ke dvArA hI hotI hai| isIlie tapa ko AtmotthAna kA prazasta patha kahanA sayuktika hI hai| saMdarbha : 1. karmakSayArtha tapyata iti tapaH / tattvArthavArtika 9/6/17 pR. 598 2. tissnnrynnnnbhaavibhaavmicchnniroho| dhavala 3/5/4 3. visayakasAyaviNiggahabhAvaM kAUNajhANamaJjhAe / jo bhAva appamANaM tassa tavaM hodiNiyameNa vArasa aNuveksa 177 4. bhagavatI AradhanA 10 5. pravacanasAra gAthA 79 kI tAtparyavRtti 7. saddAbIjaMtamovuTThi (kAsI bhAradvAja sutta) 6. mahAmaMgalasutta 8. suttanipAta pavajjAsutta 9. tapo ca brahmacariyaM ca taM sinaanynodkm| saMyuktanikAya 1/1/18 10. tapasA vai lokaM jayaMti / zatapathabrAhmaNa 3/4/41027 11. idaM vA agranaiva kiMcanAsIt tadasadeva san mano'kuruta syAmiti tadatapya / tasmAtapenAda dhUmo jAyata kRSNayajurveda tai 2/2/9 12. tapo meM pratiSThA (tai. brAhmaNa 3/7/70) 13. gopatha brAhmaNa 1/1/9 14. pariNAma tava vaseNaM imAI huti laddhao / / 492 / 15. puruSArthadezanA pU. 427 16. duviho ya tavAyAro bAhira abbhaMtaro muNeyavvo |muulaacaar / / pu. si. 17. anazanamavamaudarya viviktazayAsanaM rasatyAgaH / kAyaklezo vRtteH saMkhyA ca niSevyamiti tapo brAhmaNa pu.si. 18. tattvArthasUtra 9/19 19. cauthe, chaTheM, AThaveM, dasaveM aura bArahaveM dina eSaNA kA grahaNa karanA tathA eka pakSa, ema mAsa, eka Rtu eka adhyayana yA ekavarSma taka eSaNa kA tyAga karanA aneSaNa nAma kA tapa hai| dhavana 3 / 55 20. tattvArthavArtika 9/19 21. tattvArthavArtika 9/19/3 22. AcArasAra 6 / 15
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________________ 90 anekAnta 68/2, apraila-jUna, 2015 23. tattvArthavArtika 9/19/12 24. suNNagharagiriguhArukkhamUla bhaguMtagAra devNkule| akadappabbhArArAmagharAdINi yA vivittaaii| bhagavatI ArAdhanA 233 25. kalaho volo jhaMjhA vA moho saMkaro mamattiM c| jjhANAjjhayaNavidhAdo Natthi vivittA evsdhiie||bhg.a. 234 26. bhagavatI ArAdhanA 230 se 232 gAthA 27. mUlAcAra gAthA 357 28. khIradahIsappilelaguDalavaNANaM ca jaM priccynnN| tittakaTukasAyaMvila madhurarasANaM ca jaM cayaNaM ||muulaacaar 352 29. sarvArthasiddhi 30. maraNakaNDikA 219-20 31. tattvArthavArtika - sarvatyAga prasaMga iticet na prkrssgte||49/8 32. mUlAcAra pradIpa 1871 33. tattvArthavArtika 9/19/13 34. mUlAcAra 356 35. acArasAra 6/19 36. maraNakaNDikA 234 37. mUlAcArapradIpa 1825-26 38. tattvArthavArtika 1/19/14 39. mUlAcArapradIpa 1808 40. tattvArthavArtika 9/19/4 41. mUlAcAra 35 42. tattvArthavArtika 9/19/4 43. mUlAcArapradIpa 1809 / / 44. pAyacchittaM viNayaM vejjAvaccaM taheva sjjhaayN| jhANaM ca viDassaggo avyabhatarao tavo eso|| mUlAcAra 360 45. praayshcittvinyvaiyaavRtysvaadhyaayvyutsrgdhyaanaanyuttrm|t.suutr9/20 46. tattvArthavArtika 9/20/1-3 47. AcArasAra 6/69 48. daMsaNaNANe viNao carittatavaovacArio vinno| ___paMcaviho khalu viNao paMcama gaiNa yago bhnnio|| mUlA. 364 49. AcArasAra 6/86 50. mUlAcAra 1979-80 51. (1) guNAdhikoM meM (2) upAdhyAyoM meM (3) tapasviyoM meM (4) ziSyoM meM (5) durbaloM meM (6) sAdhuoM meM (7) guNa meM (8) sAdhuoM meM kula meM (9) caturvidha saMgha meM (10) manojJa meN| 52. aacaaryopaadhyaaytpsvishaikssglaangnnkulsNghsaadhumnojnyaanaam|t. sU.9/24 53. mUlAcAra 369 54.dhavala pu. 13/59 55. aalocnaaprtikrmnntdubhyvivekvyutsrgtpshchedprihaaropsthaapnaa| ta.sU. 9/22 56. mUlAcArapradIpa 1998 57. kArtikeyAnuprekSA 467-69 58. baahybhyntropdhyo| ta.sU. 9/28 59. vArasaga jiNakkhAdaM sajjhAyaM kathitaM vudhe / mUlAcAra 7/10 60. bhagavatI ArAdhanA 106 vijayodayA TIkA 61. dhavala 9/259 62. mUlAcArapradIpa 16512-53 - adhyakSa saMskRta vibhAga, di0 jaina kaoNlija, bar3auta (u.pra.) 250611
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________________ anekAnta 68/2, apraila-jUna, 2015 zrutapaMcamI (22 maI 2015) ke pAvana-prasaMga para : vizeSa TippaNa jinavANI mA~ ke avataraNa kA parva : zrutapaMcamI
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________________ anekAnta 68/2, apraila-jUna, 2015 'SaTkhaMDAgama'
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________________ anekAnta 68/2, apraila-jUna, 2015 "zikSA se saMskAra' parva ko kaise manAeM -
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________________ 94 anekAnta 68/2, apraila-jUna, 2015 pustaka samIkSA (1) bhagavAna mahAvIra kA buniyAdI ciMtana (2) tAraNa taraNa AmnAya kA itihAsa lekhaka- manamohana candra saMyojana- DaoN. manISA jaina, prakAzaka- a.bhA. zrI tAraNa taraNa jaina mahAsabhA, prathama saMskaraNa-2013, pRSTha-494, mUlya : 500 rupye|
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________________ anekAnta 68/2, apraila-jUna, 2015 (3) jaina AgamoM meM varNita vRkSa evaM paryAvaraNIya anuciMtana (eka naI kitAba)
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________________ anekAnta 68/2, apraila-jUna, 2015 pAThakoM ke patra anekAnta 'anekAnta'
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________________ anekAnta 68/3, julAI-sitambara, 2015 Year-68, Volume-3 RNINo. 10591/62 July-Sept. 2015 ISSN 0974-8768 anekAnta (janavidyA evaM prAkRta bhASAoM kI traimAsika zodha patrikA) ANEKANT (A Quarterly Research Journal for Jainology & Prakrit Languages) sampAdaka DaoN. jayakumAra jaina, mujaphpharanagara (u.pra.) Editor Dr. Jaikumar Jain, Muzaffarnagar (U.P.) Mobile: 09760002389 vIra sevA mandira, naI dillI-110 002 Vir Sewa Mandir, New Delhi-110 002
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________________ anekAnta 68/3, julAI-sitambara, 2015 anekAnta ANEKANT (janavidyA evaM prAkRta bhASAoM kI traimAsika zodha patrikA) (AQuarterly Research Journal for Jainology & Prakrit Languages) Founder saMsthApaka AcArya jugalakizora mukhtAra 'yugavIra' Acharya Jugalkishor Mukhtar 'Yugveer' sampAdaka maNDala prA. paM. nihAlacaMda jaina-bInA (nidezaka vIra sevA maMdira-naI dillI) pro. DaoN. rAjArAma jaina-noeDA pro. DaoN. vRSabhaprasAda jaina, lakhanaU prA. DaoN. zItalacanda jaina,jayapura pro. DaoN. zreyAMsakumAra jaina, bar3auta zrI rUpacaMda kaTAriyA, naI dillI pro. ema.ela. jaina, naI dillI Editor Pt. Nihal Chand Jain- Bina Director-Vir Sewa Mandir-New Delhi Prof. Dr. Raja Ram Jain- Noida Prof. Dr.Vrashabh Prasad Jain,Lucknow Pracharya Shital Chand Jain, Jaipur Prof. Dr. Shreyans Kr. Jain, Baraut Sh. Roop Chand Kataria, New Delhi Prof. M.L. Jain, New Delhi sadasyatA zulka/ Subscription eka aMka-rupaye 25/- vArSika - ru. 100/ This issue - Rs. 25/- Yearly - Rs. 100/ Our Banker : Bank of India A/c No. 603210100007664, Ansari Road, Daryaganj, New Delhi (IFSC- BKID0006032) sabhI patrAcAra patrikA evaM sampAdakIya hetu patA - vIra sevA maMdira (jainadarzana zodha saMsthAna) 21, aMsArI ror3a, dariyAgaMja, naI dillI-110002 All correspondence for the journal & editorial on Vir Sewa Mandir (A Researc h Institution for Jainology) 21, Ansari Road, Daryaganj, New Delhi-110002 phona naM. 011-30120522, 23250522, 09311050522 ___e-mail-virsewa@gmail.com vidvAna lekhakoM ke vicAroM se sampAdaka maMDala kA sahamata honA Avazyaka nahIM hai| lekhoM meM diye gaye tathyoM aura sandarbho kI prAmANikatA ke saMbaMdha meM lekhaka svayaM uttaradAyI haiM sabhI prakAra ke vivAdoM kA nipaTArA dillI nyAyAlaya ke adhIna hogaa|
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________________ anekAnta 68/3, julAI-sitambara, 2015 NamokAra maMtra : eka bhajana prAJjala praNata saceta Namo arihNtaannN| AdhyAtmika patha ke abhinetA, vItarAga prabhu vizva- vijetaa| zaraccandra sama-zveta Namo arihaMtANaM, prAJjala praNata saceta Namo arihaMtANaM / / 1 / / akSaya aruja anaMta acala jo, aTala arUpa amala nizcala jo ajarAmara advaita Namo zrI siddhANaM, prAJjala praNata saceta Namo arihNtaannN||2|| dharma saMgha ke jo saMvAhaka, nirmala dharma-nIti nirvaahk| zAsana meM samaveta Namo AyariyANaM, prAJjala praNata saceta Namo arihNtaannN||3|| Agama adhyApana meM adhikRta, nIla, kamalavat jIvana avikRt| zama, saMyama samupeta Namo uvajjhAyANaM, prAJjala praNata saceta Namo arihNtaann||4|| Atma sAdhanA lIna anavarata, viSaya-vAsanAoM se uprt| rAgadveSa nirakheta Namo loesavva sAhUNaM, 'tulasI' he aniketa Namo arihNtaannN| prAJjala praNata saceta Namo arihNtaann||5|| - AcArya zrI tulasI
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________________ anekAnta 68/3, julAI-sitambara, 2015 viSayAnukramaNikA viSaya lekhaka kA nAma pRSTha saMkhyA 1. sthAyI stambha- yugavIra-guNAkhyAna prA. nihAlacaMda jaina 2. saMpAdakIya-darzanamohanIya aura.... DaoN. jayakumAra jaina 3. itibhAsiyAiM kA dArzanika vivecana DaoN. dharmacanda jaina 4. jaina sAhitya meM lezyA-vimarza DaoN.zrImatIrAkA jaina 5. gA~dhI aura jainadarzana pro. baccharAja dUgar3ha 6. arjana ke sAtha visarjana ke sUtra sudhA bhaNDArI uttarAdhyayana ke pariprekSya meM 5-7 8-14 15-32 33-47 48-54 55-64 7. Need of the Day-Comparative Prof. Sagarmal Jain 65-69 Study of Indic-religions 8. sammaisuttaM meM pratipAdita saha-astitva zrImatI dIpti mehatA 70-79 kA dArzanika vivecana 9. nyAyavidyA svarUpa evaM paraMparA DaoN. yogeza kumAra jaina 80-90 10. puraskAra evaM sammAna vI. ke. jaina, mahAmaMtrI 91 11. pustaka samIkSA prA. nihAlacaMda jaina 92-93 12. pAThakoM ke patra ..... 13. navIna kAryakAriNI samiti-2015 14. vIra sevA maMdira ke prakAzana granthoM para vizeSa chUTa
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________________ anekAnta 68/3, julAI-sitambara, 2015 sthAyI-stambha : 'yugavIra' guNAkhyAna vIra sevA mandira ke saMsthApaka-paM. jugalakizora 'mukhtAra' kA jIvanavRtta evaM sAhitya sAdhanA -paM. nihAlacaMda jaina, nidezaka vIra sevA maMdira jIvana paricaya : jaina purAtattva itihAsa evaM sAhitya ke purodhA, prAcyavidyA-mahArNava, AcArya paM. jugalakizora 'mukhtAra yugavIra' jaina sAhitya-jagata ke bhISmapitAmaha rhe| inheM jainavidyA zodha ke yuga-purodhA kaheM to atizayokti nahIM hogii| sarasAvA (sahAranapura) meM janme (20 disambara 1877) ApakA bacapana eka medhAvI, pratibhA sampanna zramazIla chAtra ke rUpa meM rhaa| ghara ke dhArmika saMskAroM kA prabhAva aisA par3A ki ve niyamita pUjA-pATha va zAstra svAdhyAya karane lge| ____1902 meM mukhtAragirI (vakAlata) kI parIkSA pAsa kI aura sahAranapura meM apanI vakAlata kI prekTisa zurU kii| bAda meM 1905 meM devabaMda meM vakAlata karane lge| dharmapatnI ke divaMgata (1918) hone ke pazcAt ve sAhitya sAdhanA kI ora unmukha hue aura tatkAlIna trimUrti-bAbU sUrajabhAna jI vakIla, DaoN. jyotiprasAda jI evaM bAbU jugalakizora jI aise krAMtikArI vicAradhArA ke pracAraka bane jinhoMne jaina samAja kI kurItiyoM aura rUr3ha dharmika mAnyatAoM ke virodha meM AvAja uThAyI aura antarjAtIya vivAha evaM dassA pUjAdhikAra kA samarthana kiyaa| sAhitya-sAdhanA : ___ kAvya-racanA ke aMkura mukhtAra sAhaba meM bAlyakAla se hI aMkurita ho gaye the| AcArya padmanaMdI kI 'anitya paMcAzat' kRti yuvA kavi jugalakizora ko itanI pasanda AyI ki unhoMne usakA padyAnuvAda kara DAlA jo 1914 meM 'anitya bhAvanA ke nAma se prakAzita huaa| san 1914 meM mukhtArI chor3ane ke bAda ApakA pUrA samaya sAhitya sAdhanA meM vyatIta hone lgaa| tatkAlIna prasiddha sAptAhika jaina patra "jaina gajaTa" ke ve sampAdaka bne| usa samaya isakI prasiddhi buddhijIviyoM meM atyadhika thii| apane krAMtikArI vicAroM se supta jaina samAja ko jhakajhora diyA thaa| Apane san 1918 taka jaina gajaTa
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________________ anekAnta 68/3, julAI-sitambara, 2015 kA sampAdana abAdhagati se kiyaa| sva. paM. nAthUrAma 'premI' jo hindI satsAhitya prakAzana ke bhISmapitAmaha mAne jAte the, ApakI karmaThatA aura hindI satsAhitya prakAzana kI tathA sva. bAbU rAjendraprasAda (bhArata ke prathama rASTrapati) ne apanI AtmakathA meM ApakI bhUri-bhUri prazaMsA kI hai| 'premI' jI ke hI Agraha para Apane 'jaina hitaiSI' kA sampAdana san 1919 meM apane kaMdhoM para liyA aura use nayA svarUpa diyaa| san 1920 meM ApakA eka kAvya saMkalana 'vIra puSpAMjali' nAma se prakAzita huaa| usa samaya vaha samAja ke ghora virodha kA sAmanA kara rahe the| parantu apanI sthApita mAnyatAoM kI akATyatA se ve virodhiyoM se lohA lene meM pIche nahIM htte| unakI nimnAMkita cAra paMktiyA~ unake aTUTa vizvAsa aura dRr3ha svabhAva ko rekhAMkita karatI haiN| satya samAna kaThora, nyAyasama pakSa-vihIna, hU~gA maiM parihAsa rahita, kUTokti kssiinn| nahIM karU~gA kSamA, iMca bhara nahIM TalU~gA, to bhI hU~gA mAnya, grAhya zraddheya bnuuNgaa| 1929 meM Apane dillI ke karolabAga meM 'samantabhadrAzrama' kI sthApanA kI evaM anekAnta mAsika kA prakAzana prArambha kiyaa| bAda meM usakA nAma 'vIra sevA mandira' saMsthA parivartita kara isa saMsthA ko dillI se sarasAvA le gye| kSu. gaNezaprasAda varNI jI kI preraNA se san 1951 meM ise punaH dillI le aaye| 16 julAI 1954 vIra zAsana jayantI ke suavasara para isake bhavya bhavana kA udghATana sva. sAhU zAnti prasAda jI ke karakamaloM se huaa| isa saMsthA ke bhavana ke nirmANa meM sva. lAlA rAjakRSNa (koyale vAle) kA mahattvapUrNa yogadAna rhaa| ___ san 1928 meM 'merI dravya pUjA' aura 1933 meM pUjyapAda devanandI kI siddha-bhakti ke padyAnuvAda 'siddhisopAna' nAma se prakAzita huii| sAtha hI unakI kAvya kRtiyoM kA eka prazasta saMkalana 'yuga bhAratI' ke nAma se bhI prakAzita huaa| paM. jagalakizora jI kI sAhitya sAdhanA kA eka mahattvapUrNa pakSa rahA tatkAlIna sAmAjika kurItiyoM para prahAra aura prAcIna jaina sAhitya kA anya sampradAyoM ke sAhitya ke sAtha tulanAtmaka adhyayana, samIkSA, zodha-maMthana Adi kA nirbhIkatA se prakAzita krnaa| san 1913 meM ApakI "jinapUjAdhikAra
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________________ anekAnta 68/3, julAI-sitambara, 2015 mImAMsA" prakAzita huii| tatpazcAt 1917 meM 'grantha parIkSA' ke prathama va dvitIya bhAga, san 1921 meM - tRtIya bhAga aura 1934 meM caturtha bhAga prakAza meM aaye| 'grantha parIkSA' prathama bhAga meM Apane 'umAsvAmI zrAvakAcAra, kundakunda zrAvakAcAra aura "jinasena trivarNAcAra' ina tIna granthoM kI parIkSA kii| isI prakAra dvitIya bhAga meM 'bhadrabAhu saMhitA' tRtIya bhAga meM bhaTTAraka somasena ke trivarNAcAra, dharma parIkSA, akalaMka pratiSThA pATha aura pUjyapAda upAsakAcAra tathA caturtha meM sUryaprakAza grantha kA parIkSaNa kiyaa| 'merI bhAvanA' aura yugavIra- eka dUsare ke paryAyavAcI __'merI bhAvanA' paM. jugalakizora 'mukhtAra' kI jIvana sAdhanA kA mAno ghoSaNApatra thaa| jo sarvaprathama 'jainahitaiSI' patrikA ke apraila-maI 1916 ke saMyuktAMka meM prakAzita huI aura Aja yaha eka kAlajayI racanA bana gayI hai| yaha kRti atyanta lokapriya huI jisakA aMgrejI, saMskRta, urdU, baMgalA, gujarAtI, marAThI aura kannar3a bhASAoM meM anuvAda bhI huA jisakA ullekha kanhaiyAlAla mizra 'prabhAkara' ne anekAnta (jana. 1944) meM kiyA thaa| mukhtAra sAhaba kI eka bar3I vizeSatA thI ki ve prAcIna hastalikhita pothiyoM aura guTakoM kI talAza meM rahate the aura koI utkRSTa kRti mila gaI to usakI anya dUsarI prati vibhinna grantha bhaNDAroM se ma~gAte aura unakA gambhIra adhyayana kara tulanAtmaka pATha-bheda khojakara zuddha pATha ko svIkAra kara usakA anuvAda karate tathA usakI maulika prastAvanA bhI likhate the| eka bAra kAnapura ke prasiddha hakIma zrI kanhaiyAlAla jI ke Agraha para zAstra pravacana hetu kAnapura pdhaare| hakIma jI ke makAna ke nIce eka paMsArI kI dukAna thii| jaba ve maMdira jA rahe the, unhoMne paMsArI ko eka hastalikhita grantha ke panne phAr3akara unameM soMTha, haldI mirca kI pur3iyA banAte dekhaa| unakI painI dRSTi ne yaha tAr3a liyA ki yaha koI mahatvapUrNa jaina kRti honA caahie| ve turanta paMsArI ke pAsa gye| vinamratA se bole- yaha jinavANI hai isakI yaha kaisI durdazA ho rahI hai? kRpayA yaha vastA mujhe de do| badale meM, meM akhabAra lAkara detA hU~ aura cAho to kucha kImata bhii| paMsArI bholA thaa| hakIma jI kA kirAyedAra thaa| usane vaha vastA mukhtAra sAhaba ko de diyaa| usa baste ko jaba mukhtAra sAhaba ne kholA to unheM eka aisI kRti mila gaI, jisakI mukhtAra sAhaba ko varSo se talAza thii| ve atyanta AnaMdita hue| isa prakAra unakA prAcIna-sAhitya aura itihAsa se bahata lagAva thaa| ******
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________________ anekAnta 68/3, julAI-sitambara, 2015 saMpAdakIya darzanamohanIya karma aura usake Asrava-bandha kI mImAMsA -- DaoN. jayakumAra jaina bhAratIya darzana-jagat meM karmavAda kA vaiziSTya sarvavidita hai| kyoMki karma ke rahasya ko jAne binA na to adhyAtmavAda ko samajhA jA sakatA hai aura na punarjanma evaM mukti kI avadhAraNA kA koI prayojana rahatA hai| DaoN. hajArIprasAda kA kahanA hai ki karmaphala kA siddhAnta bhAratavarSa kI apanI vizeSatA hai| punarjanma kA siddhAnta khojane kA prayatna anyAnya dezoM ke manISiyoM meM bhI pAyA jA sakatA hai, parantu isa karmaphala kA siddhAnta aura kahIM bhI nahIM miltaa|' suprasiddha pAzcAtya vidvAn kItha ne 1909 I. meM raoNyala eziyATika sosAyaTI kI patrikA meM prakAzita apane Alekha meM likhA hai ki 'bhAratIyoM meM karmabandha kA siddhAnta nizcaya hI advitIya hai| saMsAra kI samasta jAtiyoM se unheM yaha siddhAnta alaga kara detA hai| jo koI bhI bhAratIya dharma aura sAhitya ko jAnanA cAhatA hai, vaha ukta siddhAnta ko jAne binA agrasara nahIM ho sktaa| - jaina dArzanika, jIva ko bandhana meM DAlane vAle jisa tattva ko karma kahate haiM, kiJcita svarUpa bheda hone para bhI use vedAnta avidyA yA mAyA, bauddha vAsanA, sAMkhya-yoga Azaya evaM kleza, nyAya-vaizeSika dharmAdharma, saMskAra evaM adRSTa aura mImAMsaka apUrva kahate haiN| jaina mAnyatA ke anusAra jinake dvArA jIva ko paratantra kiyA jAtA hai athavA jo jIva ko paratantra karate haiM, use karma kahA jAtA hai| athavA jIva ke dvArA mithyAtva, avirati, pramAda, kaSAya aura yoga se jo kiyA jAtA hai, vaha karma hai| AptamImAMsA kI vasunandI saiddhAntika cakravartI dvArA viracita padavRtti meM kahA gayA hai 'karma mithyaatvaasNymkssaayyogkaarnnsNcitpdglprcyH| arthAta mithyAtva, asaMyama, kaSAya aura yoga ke kAraNa saMcita pudgala pracaya ko karma kahate haiN| tAtparya yaha hai ki loka meM jo karmarUpa pariNata hone yogya niyata pudgala haiM, ve jaba jIva ke mithyAtva Adi pariNAma ke anusAra bandha
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________________ anekAnta 68/3, julAI-sitambara, 2015 ko prApta ho jAte haiM, to una pudgaloM ko karma kahA jAtA hai| AcArya kundakunda svAmI ne kahA "jIvapariNAmaheduM kammattaM puggalA prinnmNti| puggalakammaNimittaM taheva jIvo vi prinnmi'|| arthAt jIva ke pariNAma ke nimitta se pudgala karma rUpa meM pariNamita ho jAte haiM tathA jIva bhI pudgala karma ke nimitta se pariNamana karatA hai| kundakundAcArya ke isa kathana meM jIva ke pariNAma aura pudgala ke pariNAma ko paraspara nimitta naimittika kahA gayA hai| prakRti kI apekSA karma ATha prakAra haiM- jJAnAvaraNa, darzanAvaraNa, vedanIya, mohanIya. Aya. nAma. gotra aura antraay| ina aSTavidha karmoM meM jJAnAvaraNa, darzanAvaraNa, mohanIya aura antarAya ye cAra karma ghAtiyA kahalAte haiM kyoMki ye jIva ke jJAna, darzana, sukha aura vIrya ina anujIvI guNoM kA ghAtakara inheM prakaTa nahIM hone dete haiN| vedanIya, Ayu, nAma aura gotra ye cAra karma aghAAtiyA haiN| ye jIva ke anujIvI guNoM kA ghAta na karake abhAva rUpa pratijIvI guNoM ko ghAtane meM nimitta banate haiN| inameM mohanIya karma hI navIna karma-bandha karAne meM kAraNa banatA hai| ___ mohanIya kA nirvacana karate hue zrI siddhasena gaNI ne tattvArthabhASyavRtti meM 'mohayati mohanaM muhyate'neneti vA mohanIyam' kahakara jo mohita karatA hai, use mohanIya kahA hai| abhiprAya yaha hai ki jo karma mithyAtva Adi rUpa hokara prANI ko mohita karatA hai, use mohanIya karma kahate haiN| jo pudgala dravya svarUpa karma jIva ko vimUr3ha (kartavyAkartavyazUnya) banA detA hai, use mohanIya kahate haiN| jo prANiyoM ko sat-asat ke viveka se rahita kara detA hai, use mohanIya karma kahate haiN| dravyasaMgraha kI TIkA meM mohanIya karma kI upamA madya se dete hue kahA gayA hai ki- "madyapAnavat heyopaadeyvicaarviklaa| arthAta madyapAna ke samAna heya aura upAdeya ke jJAna kA na hone denA mohanIya karma kI prakRti hai| ___ mohanIya karma AThoM karmoM meM sabase zaktizAlI karma hai, ise rAjA ke samAna tathA zeSa sAta karmoM ko prajA ke samAna mAnA gayA hai| vinayacanda ne caubIsI meM kahA hai 'aSTakarmano rAjavI ho moha prathama kSaya kiin|'
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________________ 10 anekAnta 68/3, julAI-sitambara, 2015 yaha karma AtmA ke zuddha svarUpa vItarAga bhAva ko vikRta karatA hai, use prakaTa nahIM hone detA hai| isake kAraNa hI AtmA rAga-dveSa Adi vikAroM se grasta hokara svasvarUpa meM ramaNa nahIM kara pAtA hai| isa karma kI samAnatA madirApAna se isalie kI gaI hai kyoMki jaise madirA pAna karane se manuSya parAdhIna ho jAtA hai, use apanI bhI pratIti nahIM rahatI hai tathA vaha hitAhita ko nahIM samajha pAtA hai, vaise hI mohanIya karma ke udaya se jIva tattva kA saccA zraddhAna nahIM kara pAtA hai| kahA bhI gayA hai 'jaha majjapANamUDho loe puriso paravvaso hoi| taha moheNa vimUDho jIvA u paravvaso hoi||" mohanIya karma do prakAra kA kahA gayA hai- darzana mohanIya aura caaritrmohniiy| jo AtmA ke tattvArthazraddhAna rUpa AtmaguNa kA ghAta karatA hai use darzanamohanIya kahate haiM aura jo cAritra guNa kA ghAta karatA hai use cAritramohanIya kahate haiN| ___ darzanamohanIya ke prasaMga meM darzana kA artha tattvArthazraddhAna rUpa AtmaguNa hai| isa tattvArthazraddhAna ko hI samyagdarzana kahA jAtA hai|' paJcAdhyAyI meM darzanamohanIya ke svarUpa ko spaSTa karate hue kahA gayA hai 'yathA madyAdipAnasya pAkAd buddhirvimuhyti| zvetaM zaMkhAdi yadvastu pItaM pazyati vibhrmaat|| tathA darzanamohasya krmnnstuudyaadih| api yAvadanAtmIyamAtmIyaM manute kudRk||10 arthAt jisa prakAra madirA Adi ke pIne ke pariNAma se buddhi mUrcchita ho jAtI hai tathA vaha sapheda varNa kI zaMkha Adi vastuoM ko vibhramavaza pIlA dekhatA hai, usI prakAra darzanamohanIya karma ke udaya se AtmA kA viveka samApta ho jAne se mithyAdRSTi anAtmIya ko AtmIya samajhane lagatA hai| ___ jo karma tattvArthazraddhAna rUpa darzana ko mohita karatA hai, use darzanamoha yA darzanamohanIya karma kahate haiN| darzanamohanIya karma kA svabhAva tattvArtha kA azraddhAna hai| jayasenAcArya ne likhA hai ki 'darzanamohodaye sati nizcayazuddhAtmarucirahitasya vyavahAraratnatraya tattvArtharucirahitasya vA yo'sau viparItAbhinivezapariNAmaH sa drshnmohH|11
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________________ anekAnta 68/3, julAI-sitambara, 2015 11 ___ arthAt darzanamohanIya karma ke udaya hone para jo nizcaya se zuddhAtmaruci se hIna viparIta abhiniveza rUpa pariNAma hai tathA vyavahAra se jo ratnatraya evaM tattvArtha ruci se hIna viparIta abhiniveza rUpa pariNAma hai, vaha darzanamohanIya hai| vAstava meM jo tattvArtha ke zraddhAna ko viparyAsita kara detA hai, vaha darzanamohanIya karma hai| darzanamohanIya karma ke Asrava ke kAraNa para vicAra karate samaya sahasA yaha vicAra AtA hai ki AcArya umAsvAmI ne kAya, vacana evaM mana kI kriyA ko yoga kahA hai tathA usa yoga ko hI Asrava mAnA hai'kAyavAGmanaHkarma yogH| sa aashrvH|12 AtmA ke pradezoM meM jo parispandana hotA hai, usakA nAma yoga hai| yaha yA to zarIra ke nimitta se hotA hai yA vacana ke nimitta se hotA hai yA mana ke nimitta se hotA hai| isalie nimitta ke bheda se yoga ko kAya, vacana, mana rUpa tIna prakAra kA kahA gayA hai| yaha yoga Asrava kahalAtA hai| yahA~ yaha avadheya hai ki Asrava ke lie tInoM kA honA anivArya nahIM hai| ekendriya jIva ke to kevala eka kAyayoga hI hotA __ bhAvayoga aura dravyayoga ke bheda se yoga ke do bheda bhI haiN| karma evaM nokarma ke grahaNa karane meM nimittabhUta AtmA kI zakti vizeSa ko bhAvayoga kahate haiM aura usa zakti ke kAraNa jo AtmA ke pradezoM meM parispandana hotA hai, use dravyayoga kahate haiN| yoga ke nimitta se Asrava ke jo zubha aura azubha do bheda kahe gaye haiM, ve aghAtiyA karmo kI apekSA se haiM, kyoMki unhIM meM puNya evaM pApa prakRtiyA~ hotI haiN| ghAtiyAkarma to pAparUpa hI hote haiM, ataH ve azubha hI haiN| ___ kevalI ke avarNavAda, zruta ke avarNavAda, saMgha ke avarNavAda, dharma ke avarNavAda aura deva ke avarNavAda se darzanamohanIya karma kA Asrava hotA hai| pUjyapAda svAmI ke anusAra guNavAn mahAn vyaktiyoM meM jo doSa nahIM hai, unakI unameM udbhAvanA karanA avarNavAda kahalAtA hai- 'guNavatsu mahatsu asdbhuutdossodbhaavnmvrnnvaadH|13 kevalI meM vItarAgatA aura sarvajJapanA saMbhava nahIM hai, kyoMki jagat meM sabhI prANI rAgadveSI evaM ajJAnI dekhe jAte haiN| yaha kevalI kA avarNavAda hai| AgamajJAna pramANa nahIM hai, kyoMki usameM ajJAta vastuoM kA upadeza hotA hai, yaha zruta kA avarNavAda hai| saMgha kezaloMca kA duHkha bhogatA hai, ve naraka Adi
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________________ 12 anekAnta 68/3, julAI-sitambara, 2015 kA upadeza karate haiM jabaki naraka Adi nahIM hai, yaha saMgha kA avarNavAda hai| dharma sukhadAyaka nahI hai, kyoMki dhArmika duHkhI dekhe jAte haiM, yaha dharma kA avarNavAda hai| mUrti meM pUjya puruSa nahIM rahate haiM yA deva surAdi kA sevana karate haiM, yaha deva kA avarNavAda hai| 14 ukta sabhI prakAra kA avarNavAd mithyAtva ke kAraNa utpanna hotA hai| yadyapi mohanIya karma kA jIva ke sAtha anAdikAla se sambandha hai, ataH ukta Asrava kAraNoM ko gRhIta mithyAtva janya darzanamohanIya ke Asrava ke kAraNa samajhanA cAhie / jaba se jIva hai tabhI se usake sAtha karmasambaddha hai| murgI evaM aNDA ke samAna kisI ko pUrvavartI kahanA saMbhava nahIM hai| tathApi jIva anAdi ananta hai, jabaki karma anAdi sAnta hai| kintu koI bhI kRta viziSTa karma anAdi nahIM hai| ekAnta, viparIta, saMzaya, vainayika aura ajJAna rUpa mithyAtva do prakAra kA hai- agRhIta aura gRhIta / mithyAtva karma ke udaya se anyopadeza ke binA hI anAdikAla se sambaddha mithyAtva ko agRhIta mithyAtva kahate haiM tathA jo dUsaroM ke upadeza se grahaNa kiyA jAtA hai, use gRhIta mithyAtva kahate haiN| jIva ne anekoM bAra gRhIta mithyAtva ko chor3A hai, parantu vaha use phira grahaNa kara letA hai| Atmonnati ke lie agRhIta mithyAtva ko tyAgakara samyaktva kI upalabdhi honA anivArya hai / tattvArthasUtra meM bandha ke pAMca kAraNa batAye gaye haiM- mithyAdarzana, avirati, pramAda, kaSAya aura yoga / darzanamohanIya ke bandha meM ye sabhI kAraNa hai| kyoMki bandha ko ina pAMca kAraNoM meM sarvaprathama mithyAdarzana kA abhAva hotA hai, taba kahIM avirati Adi kA abhAva hotA hai mithyAtva kA abhAva kiye binA jo avirati Adi kA abhAva karane ke lie vratAdi dhAraNa karate haiM, unakA darzanamohanIya kA bandha hotA rahatA hai| yadyapi sabhI taraha ke prakRti evaM pradeza bandha yoga se hote haiM, tathApi sthiti evaM anubhAga bandha kaSAya se hote haiN| " ataH yoga evaM kaSAya kI tIvratA, mandatA se bandha meM bhI antara par3a jAtA hai| mohanIya karma ke aTThAIsa bhedoM meM darzanamohanIya ke tIna bheda haiMsamyaktva, mithyAtva aura samyaD. mithyAtva / jisake udaya meM jIva ko tAttvika ruci to utpanna ho jAtI hai, kintu usameM cala, malina aura agADha doSa bane rahate haiM, use samyaktva kahate haiN| jisake udaya meM jIva sarvajJabhASita tattvArthazraddhAna meM nirutsAhI hotA hai, hitAhitavicArazUnya hotA hai, use
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________________ anekAnta 68/3, julAI-sitambara, 2015 mithyAtva kahate haiN| jisa karma ke udaya se dahI evaM gur3a ke mile hue svAda ke samAna ubhayarUpa zraddhAna hotA hai, use samyaD.mithyAtva kahate haiN| zrI abhayacandra siddhAntacakravartI kahate haiM___'darzanamohanIyaM cAritramohanIyaM ceti mohanIyaM dvidhaa| tatra mithyAtvaM samyaD. mithyAtvaM samyaktvaprakRtizceti darzanamohanIyaM tridhaa| tatrAtattvazraddhAnakAraNaM mithyaatvm| tattvAtattvazraddhAnakAraNaM smydd.mithyaatvm| tattvArthazraddhAnarUpaM samyagdarzanaM calamalinamagADhaM karoti yatsA smyktvprkRtiH|" ___ arthAt darzanamohanIya aura cAritramohanIya ye do mohanIya ke bheda haiN| unameM mithyAtva, samyamithyAtva aura samyaktva ye tIna darzanamohanIya ke bheda haiN| ina tIna bhedoM meM mithyAtva vaha hai, jisase tattva kI zraddhA na hokara viparIta zraddhA ho| jisase tattva, atattva donoM kI zraddhA ho vaha samyagamithyAtva hai| jo tattvArtha kI zraddhA rUpa samyagdarzana meM cala, malina evaM agADha doSa utpanna kare, vaha samyaktvaprakRti hai| ___mohanIya karma jIvana ko sarvAdhika prabhAvita karatA hai| yaha saMsAra meM sabhI du:khoM kA mUla hai| ghAtiyA karmoM meM zeSa tIna to apanI-apanI prakRti ke anusAra jJAna, darzana evaM zaktiprakaTIkaraNa meM bAdhaka haiM, kintu mohanIya to jAnane, dekhane tathA sAmarthya hone para bhI tattvazraddhAna evaM samyak AcaraNa nahIM hone detA hai| mohanIya karma ke naSTa ho jAne para anya tIna ghAtiyA karma to svataH naSTa ho jAte haiM aura kevalajJAna prakaTa ho jAtA hai| kisI bhI karma kI mUla prakRtiyoM meM anya karma prakRti rUpa saMkramaNa nahI hotA hai, kintu kisI eka karma kI eka uttaraprakRti usI karma kI anya uttaraprakRti meM saMkramita ho sakatI hai| yahA~ yaha vizeSa hai ki Ayu karma ke samAna mohanIya karma apanI uttaraprakRti meM saMkramita nahIM hotA hai| jaise nAraka Ayu anya manuSya Adi Ayu meM saMkramita nahIM hotI hai, vaise hI darzanamohanIya evaM cAritramohanIya kI paraspara saMkramita nahIM ho sakate haiN| sarvArthasiddhi meM kahA gayA hai- "sarvAsAM mUlaprakRtInAM svmukhenaivaanubhvH| uttaraprakRtInAM tulyajAtIyAnAM paramukha nApi bhavati aayudrshncaaritrmohvrjnm| na hi narakAyurmukhena tiryagAyurmanuSyAyurvA vipcyte| nApi darzanamohazcAritramohamukhena, na cAritramoho vA drshnmohmukhen| 20
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________________ anekAnta 68/3, julAI-sitambara, 2015 saMdarbha : 1. azoka ke phUla- bhAratavarSa kI sAMskRtika samasyA pR. 67 2. vahI, pRSTha 67 para uddhRta 3. 'kIrai jIeNa heuhi jeNa to bhaNNae kmm| - karmagrantha (A. devacandra) bhAga-prathama, gAthA-1 4. AtmamImAMsA 8 kI vasunandIkRta vRtti| 5. samayasAra, gAthA 80 6. tattvArthabhASya, siddhasenagaNikRta vRtti, 8.5 7. dravyasaMgraha, gAthA 33 kI TIkA 8. sthAnAMgAsUtra 2.1.5 kI TIkA 9. 'tattvArthazraddhAnaM smygdrshnm|' - tattvArthasUtra, 1.2 10. paJcAdhyAyI, gAthA 2/6-7 11. paJcAstikAya gAthA 31 kI TIkA 12. tattvArthasUtra, 6.1.2 13. sarvArthasiddhi, 6.13 14. bhagavatI ArAdhanA kI vijayodayA TIkA 15. mithyaadrshnaavirtiprmaadkssaayyogaabndhhetvH|' tattvArthasUtra, 8.1 16. sakaSAyatvAt jIvaH karmaNo yogyAnpudgalAnAdatte sa bndhH|' vahI, 8.2 17. karmaprakRtiH , pR. 10-11 18. mohamUlAni dukkhaanni|' RSibhASita, 2.7 19. mohakSayAjzAnadarzanAvaraNAntarAyakSayAcca kevlm|' - tattvArthasUtra 10 20. sarvArthasiddhi, 8.22 429, paTela nagara, mujaphpharanagara (u.pra.)
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________________ anekAnta 68/3, julAI-sitambara, 2015 isibhAsiyAI' kA dArzanika vivecana - DaoN. dharmacanda jaina 'isibhAsiyAI' (RSibhASitAni) bhAratIya AdhyAtmika evaM dArzanika paramparA kA eka adbhuta mahanIya grantha hai, jisameM jaina, bauddha aura vaidika ina tInoM paramparAoM ke arhat RSiyoM ke mUlyavAn vicAra saMgRhIta haiN| vizeSatA yaha hai ki ise zvetAmbara paramparA ke aMga bAhya AgamoM meM sthAna prApta hai| arddhamAgadhI prAkRta bhASA meM racita yaha Agama bhASA evaM viSaya vastu kI prastuti kI dRSTi se atyanta prAcIna hai| DaoN. sAgaramala jaina ise AcArAMga sUtra ke pazcAt tRtIya-caturtha zatI IsavIya pUrva kI racanA mAnate haiN| DaoN. vAlthara zUbiMga ise tIrthakara pArzva kI paramparA se nirmita grantha svIkAra karate haiN| DaoN. samaNI kusumaprajJA likhatI haiM ki puSTa pramANoM ke abhAva meM isa graMtha-racanA kA sahI samaya nirdhArita karanA sambhava nahIM hai, lekina bhASA zailI, racanA tathA anya Agama evaM vyAkhyA-sAhitya meM isake ullekha se yaha kahA jA sakatA hai ki yaha graMtha kAphI prAcIna hai| 'isibhAsiyAI' kA ullekha tattvArthabhASya meM pradatta aMga bAhya AgamoM kI sUcI meM huA hai| nandIsUtra meM ise kAlikasUtroM kI sUcI meM rakhA gayA hai tathA sthAnAMgasUtra meM ullikhita praznavyAkaraNadazA nAmaka Agama ke daza adhyayanoM meM ise sthAna diyA gayA hai| samavAyAMga sUtra meM isake 45 meM se 44 adhyayanoM kA nAmollekha hai| isa prakAra Agama-sAhitya meM ullikhita 'isibhAsiyAiM' kI samprati prakIrNaka AgamoM meM gaNanA kI jAtI hai| AcArya bhadrabAhu ne jina dasa AgamoM para niyukti likhane kA saMkalpa kiyA hai, unameM isibhAsiyAI bhI eka hai, kintu isa para evaM sUryaprajJapti para samprati unakI koI niyukti prApta nahIM hotii| vastataH 'isibhAsiyAI' sampUrNa bhAratIya vAD.maya kI eka amUlya nidhi hai, jo jainAcAryoM kI vaicArika udAratA evaM dhArmika sahiSNutA ko pratibimbita karatI hai| isameM nArada, asitadevala, aMbaDa, tArAyaNa, yAjJavalkya, maMkhali gozAlaka Adi viSayoM ke vacana saMgRhIta haiM, kintu unakA khaNDana
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________________ anekAnta 68/3, julAI-sitambara, 2015 nahIM kiyA gayA hai| prAyaH isa grantha meM una AdhyAtmika vicAroM kA saMkalana hai, jo sAdhaka kI sAdhanA meM sahAyaka haiM, vItarAgatA kA mArga prazasta karane vAle haiM, ataH inakA khaNDana kie jAne kI AvazyakatA bhI pratIta nahIM hotI hai| kucha sthAnoM para dArzanika vicAra haiM, jo prAyaH jainadharma ke anukUla haiN| jo kucha anukUla pratIta nahIM hote haiM, unakA bhI khaNDana na karake jainAcAryoM dvArA vaicArika udAratA kA hI paricaya diyA gayA hai| yaha bhArata kA saubhAgya hai ki jaina paramparA meM isa prakAra kA mahattvapUrNa Agama surakSita hai| vAlthara zUbriga jaise jarmana vidvAn ne isibhAsiyAI kA eka mahattvapUrNa saMskaraNa apanI vyAkhyA ke sAtha taiyAra kiyA jo san 1974 meM lAlabhAI dalapatabhAI bhAratIya saMskRti vidyAmandira, ahamadAbAda se ajJAtakartaka TIkA ke sAtha prakAzita huaa| anya koI TIkA isa Agama para upalabdha nahIM hai| isibhAsiyAI meM 45 adhyayana haiN| sabhI adhyayana alaga-alaga viSayoM ke nAma se grathita haiN| mAtra bIsaveM ukkala adhyayana meM kisI RSi kA nAma nahIM hai| isibhAsiyAI meM prAyaH RSiyoM ke nAma para hI adhyayanoM ke nAma rakhe gae haiN| krama se RSiyoM ke nAma isa prakAra haiM1. nArada, 2. vajjiyaputta, 3. devila, 4. aMgarisI, 5. puSpazAla putra, 6. vakkalacIrI, 7. kummAputta, 8. ketaliputra, 9. mahAkAzyapa, 10. tetaliputra, 11. maMkhali putra, 12. yAjJavalkya, 13. metAryabhayAli, 14. bAhuka, 15. madhurAyaNa, 16. zauryAyaNa, 17. vidu, 18. varSapakRSNa, 19. AryAyaNa, 20. utkaTa (ukkala) adhyayana (RSi kA nAma nahIM), 21. gAthApati putra, 22. dakabhAla, 23. rAmaputra, 24. harigiri, 25. aMbaDa, 26. mAtaMga, 27. vAratraka, 28. Ardraka, 29. varddhamAna, 30. vAyu, 31. pArzva, 32. piMga, 33. aruNa, 34. RSigiri, 35. uddAlaka, 36. tArAyaNa, 37. zrI giri, 38. sAiputta (sAciputra, svAtiputra), 39. saMjaya, 40. dvIpAyana, 41. indranAga, 42. soma, 43. yama, 44. varuNa, 45. vaishrmnn| graMtha kI prathama saMgrahaNI gAthA meM ina RSiyoM meM 20 ko tIrthakara ariSTanemi, 15 ko tIrthakara pArzva evaM 10 ko tIrthakara mahAvIra ke kAla kA kahA gayA hai, kintu yaha spaSTa nahIM kiyA gayA ki kaunase RSi kisa tIrthakara ke kAla meM hue| samaNI kusumaprajJA jI ne apanI mati se 12 RSiyoM ko mahAvIra kAlIna, 14 RSiyoM ko pArzvanAtha kAlIna tathA 18
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________________ anekAnta 68/3, julAI-sitambara, 2015 RSiyoM ko ariSTanemikAlIna aMgIkAra kiyA hai|" bIsaveM ukkala adhyayana meM RSi kA nAma nahIM hai / unake dvArA pradatta sUcI isa prakAra hai : mahAvIra kAlIna ambaDa, Ardraka, indranAga, puSpazAlaputra, maMkhaligozAlaka, mahAkAzyapa, metArya bhayAli, varddhamAna, valkalacIrI, vAratraka, vRjika putra ( vajjiyaputta), sAciputra = 12 RSi aMgarSi, kUrmAputra, ketaliputra, gardabhAla (dakabhAla), gAthApati putra taruNa, tetaliputra, pArzva, piMga, bAhuka, madhurAyaNa, mAGa, vidu, saMjaya, harigiri = 14 RSi ariSTanemikAlIna- asita devala, AryAyaNa, uddAlaka, RSigiri, tArAyaNa, dvaipAyana, nArada, mahAzAlaputra aruNa, yama, yAjJavalkya, rAmaputra, varuNa, varSapakRSNa, vAyu, vaizramaNa, zauryAyaNa, zrIgiri, soma = 18 RSi pArzvakAlIna 17 ina RSiyoM meM kauna kisa paramparA se sambaddha hai, isakA nizcita nirdhAraNa karanA kaThina hai| isakA eka kAraNa hai sArvabhauma AdhyAtmika upadezoM kA saMkalana / DaoN. zUbriMga ke anusAra yAjJavalkya, bAhuka, mahAzAlaputra aruNa, uddAlaka, asita devala, aMgarisi aura vidu spaSTatayA aupaniSadika paramparA ke RSi haiN| piMga, RSigiri aura zrI giri ko brAhmaNa-parivrAjaka tathA ambaDa ko parivrAjaka kahA gayA hai, ataH ye vaidika RSi hone caahie| bhAradvAja gotra se sambaddha hone ke kAraNa aMgarisi brAhmaNa paramparA se sambaddha the, kintu Avazyaka niryukti, usakI cUrNi tathA RSimaNDala Adi granthoM meM aMgarisi (aMgarSi) kA varNana Ane se ye jaina sAhitya meM bhI pratiSThita rhe| sUtrakRtAMga ke anusAra asita devala, rAmaputra, tArAyaNa, bAhuka evaM dvaipAyana vaidika paramparA ke RSi the| nArada ko brAhmaNa paramparA kA RSi mAnA jAtA hai| DaoN. zUbriMga ne sAciputra, vajjiyaputta aura mahAkAzyapa ko bauddha paramparA se sambaddha mAnA hai| maMkhali gozAlaka AjIvaka sampradAya ke pravartaka the| Ardraka, kUrmAputra, ketaliputra Adi RSiyoM ko nirgratha paramparA se jor3A jAtA hai| yahA~ para ullekhanIya hai ki isibhAsiyAI ke adhyayana kramAMka 4,20,25,32,34,37 evaM 38 ko chor3akara zeSa 38 adhyayanoM meM RSiyoM ke nAma ke sAtha 'arahatA isiNA buitaM' vAkyAMza prayukta huA hai, jisakA abhiprAya hai ki ye RSi arhat the / RSimaNDala grantha ke anusAra sabhI 45
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________________ 18 anekAnta 68/3, julAI-sitambara, 2015 RSi mokSa ko prApta hue tathA ve sabhI pratyekabuddha the|' ina RSiyoM ke sAtha arhat vizeSaNa lagAnA nizcita rUpa se jaina paramparA kI atyanta udAra dRSTi hai| cauthe aMgarisI (aMgarSi) ke sAtha 'bhAradvAja arahatA isiNA buitaM' vAkyAMza ke mAdhyama se bhAradvAja vizeSaNa unake vaidika hone kA saMketa karatA hai| adhyAya paccIsa ke aMbaDa adhyayana meM aMbaDa ke sAtha mAtra 'parivrAjaka' vizeSaNa lagAyA gayA hai, ahaMt vizeSaNa kA prayoga nahIM hai| isakA artha hai ki aMbaDa arhat nahIM thaa| 32 veM piMga adhyayana, 34 veM RSigiri adhyayana evaM 37 veM zrIgiri adhyayana meM 'mAhaNa parivvAyageNaM arahatA isiNA buitaM' vAkyAMza dvArA sambaddha RSiyoM ko brAhmaNa parivrAjaka arhat svIkAra kiyA gayA hai| arthAt ye RSi vaidika haiN| 38 veM sAciputra adhyayana meM sAciputra ko 'buddha arhat' kahA gayA hai| isase unake bauddha hone kI sUcanA milatI hai| yaha samasta kathana adhyayanoM meM prayukta RSiyoM ke vizeSaNoM ke AdhAra para hai| vidvAnoM ne inake atirikta bhI AdhAra mAnakara inheM tattat paramparAoM meM rakhA hai| dArzanika vivecana : cArvAka sammata paMcabhUtavAda tathA dehAtmavAda bIsaveM ukkala adhyayana meM cArvAka mata kI prastuti huI hai| isa adhyayana meM samajhAyA gayA hai ki jaise daNDa kA Adi, madhya aura anta milakara daNDa saMjJA prApta karatA hai vaise hI zarIra se bhinna AtmA nAmaka tattva nahIM hai| zarIra kA nAza hone para saMsAra kA nAza ho jAtA hai| Age kahA gayA hai ki jIva pAMca mahAbhUtoM ke skandhoM kA samudAya mAtra hai| mahAbhUtoM kA nAza hone para saMsAra kI paramparA kA nAza ho jAtA hai| sampUrNa tvacA paryanta taka jIva hai| yaha zarIra jItA hai taba taka prANI jItA hai, yaha usakA jIvana hai| jaise dagdhA bIjoM meM punaH aMkuroM kI utpatti nahIM hotI, vaise hI zarIra ke jala jAne para punaH zarIra utpanna nahIM hotA, isalie jo abhI milA hai, vahI jIvana hai| cArvAka mata ke hI siddhAnta kA ullekha karate hue ukkala adhyayana meM kahA gayA hai ki paraloka nahIM hai, sukRta aura duSkRta karmoM ke phala kI prApti nahIM hai| jIva kA punarjanma nahIM hotA hai| puNya aura pApa AtmA kA sparza nahIM krte| puNya aura pApa niSphala haiN| " AtmA ke akartRtva kA ullekha : " jainadarzana meM AtmA kA kartRtva evaM bhoktRtva aMgIkAra kiyA gayA kintu ukkala adhyayana meM deza utkaTa kA svarUpa pratipAdita karate hue
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________________ anekAnta 68/3, julAI-sitambara, 2015 kahA gayA hai ki isake anusAra jIva yA AtmA kA svarUpa to aMgIkAra kiyA jAtA hai, kintu usakA kartRtva aMgIkAra nahIM kiyA jaataa| sAMkhyadarzana isI prakAra kI mAnyatA rakhatA hai, ataH pratIta hotA hai ki yaha sAMkhyadarzana kI mAnyatA hai, kintu pUraNakAzyapa aura pakudha kAtyAyana kA mata akriyAvAdI thA, ataH sambhava hai yaha mAnyatA ina dArzanikoM kI bhI rahI ho| sRSTiviSayaka mata : puruSavAda evaM jala se sRSTi kI utpatti : cUMki isibhAsiyAiM meM aneka RSiyoM ke vacana upalabdha haiM, ataH isameM loka yA sRSTi ke sambandha meM jaina dRSTi se bhinna mata bhI prApta hote haiN| dakabhAla adhyayana meM puruSavAda ke anusAra puruSa kiM vA Izvara hI pradhAna evaM jyeSTha hai, vaha hI jagat kA kartA hai| puruSa hI saba dharmoM (padArthoM) kA Adi kAraNa hai|11 Rgveda meM bhI yaha kathana prApta hotA hai ki pahale yaha saba puruSa hI thA evaM Age bhI puruSa hI hogA vaha amRtatva kA Iza hai, kintu anna se abhivyakti ko prApta hotA hai| zrI giri adhyayana meM vaidika mAnyatAnusAra kathana hai ki pahale yahA~ saba ora jala thaa| phira yahA~ aMDA saMtapta huA, usase loka utpanna huaa|13 yahA~ usane zvAsa liyA arthAt sRSTi utpanna huii| yaha varuNa-vidhAna hai| Rgveda ke hiraNyagarbha sUkta meM kahA gayA hai ki pahale hiraNya mArga hI thA jo samasta prANiyoM kA svAmI thaa|14 zrI giriRSi vizva ko mAyArUpa pratipAdita karate hue kahate haiM ki yaha saMsAra atIta meM mAyArUpa nahIM thA, aisA nahIM hai, vartamAna meM mAyArUpa nahIM hai, aisA nahIM hai aura bhaviSya meM mAyArUpa nahIM hogA, aisA bhI nahIM hai|15 loka evaM paMcAstikAya kI zAzvatatA : jainadarzana saSTi ko anAdi ananta svIkAra karatA hai| vaha yaha nahIM mAnatA ki sRSTi kA kabhI prArambha huA thaa| isibhAsiyAiM ke pArzva adhyayana meM bhI kahA gayA hai ki yaha loka kabhI nahIM thA, aisA nahIM hai, yaha loka kabhI nahIM hai, aisA nahIM hai, yaha loka kabhI nahIM hogA, aisA bhI nahIM hai| yaha loka pahale thA, vartamAna meM hai aura bhaviSya meM rhegaa| yaha loka dhruva, niyata, zAzvata, akSaya, avyaya aura nitya hai|16 vyAkhyAprajJapti sUtra meM bhI loka evaM aloka ko zAzvata bhAva ke rUpa meM nirUpita kiyA gayA hai|17 loka kA svarUpa SaDdravyAtmaka hai| SaDdravyoM meM dharmAstikAya, adharmAstikAya, AkAzAstikAya, pudgalAstikAya, jIvAstikAya tathA kAla
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________________ anekAnta 68/3, julAI-sitambara, 2015 dravya kI gaNanA hotI hai| inameM se kAla ko chor3akara zeSa pA~ca dravya paMcAstikAya ke nAma se jAne jAte haiN| paMcAstikAya kI avadhAraNA prAcIna hai, isakI puSTi isibhAsiyAiM meM prApta ullekha se hotI hai| isameM SaDdravyoM kA ullekha na hokara paMcAstikAya kA ullekha huA hai| paMcAstikAya ke lie bhI loka kI bhAMti kahA gayA hai ki paMca astikAya kabhI nahIM the, aisA nahIM hai, kabhI nahIM haiM, aisA nahIM hai tathA ye kabhI nahIM hoMge, aisA bhI nahIM hai| ye dhruva, nitya, zAzvata, akSaya, avyaya evaM avasthita haiN|18 SaD dravyoM meM jIvAstikAya jIva hai evaM zeSa pA~ca dravya ajIva haiN| ___ pArzva adhyayana meM loka cAra prakAra kA kahA gayA hai-1. dravyaloka, 2. kSetraloka, 3. kAlaloka aura 4. bhaavlok| loka AtmasvarUpa meM avasthita hai| svAmitva kI apekSA se yaha jIvoM kA loka hai, racanA kI apekSA se jIva aura ajIva donoM kA loka hai| loka kA astitva anAdi ananta aura pAriNAmika hai| duHkha ke kAraNa evaM unase mukti : bhAratIya cintana paramparA meM duHkha se mukti pramukha pratipAdya rahA hai| vastutaH duHkha se Atyantika mukti hI mokSa hai| prazna yaha hai ki hameM duHkha kyoM hotA hai? isibhAsiyAI meM du:kha ke kAraNoM para gahana vicAra huA hai| sAmAnyataH ajJAna ko du:kha kA mUla mAnA jAtA hai| RSi gAthApatiputra taruNa ajJAna ko hI parama du:kha ke rUpa meM pratipAdita karate hue kahate haiM aNNANaM paramaM dukkhaM, aNNANA jAyate bhyN| aNNANamUlo saMsAro, viviho svvdehinnN||20 ajJAna parama du:kha hai| ajJAna se bhaya utpanna hotA hai| samasta prANiyoM ke lie saMsAra-paramparA kA kAraNa ajJAna hI hai| jainadarzana ke anusAra ajJAna kA mUla kAraNa 'moha' hai| isalie moha ko bhI du:kha kA kAraNa kahA gayA hai| dvitIya adhyayana meM RSi vajjiyaputta aisA hI kahate haiM-mohamUlANi dukkhANi, mohamUlaM ca jmmnn|21 sabhI duHkhoM ke mUla meM moha hai aura moha ke kAraNa hI saMsAra meM janma hotA hai| jahA~ moha hotA hai vahA~ karmabandhana bhI hotA hai aura una baddhakarmoM kA hameM phala bhoganA hotA hai| isalie jaba taka karma haiM taba taka du:kha hai| mahAkAzyapa RSi isI satya kA udghATana karate hue kahate haiM-kammamUlAI
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________________ anekAnta 68/3, julAI-sitambara, 2015 dukkhAI, kammamUlaM ca jmmnn|22 sabhI du:khoM kA mUla kAraNa karma hai tathA pUrvakRta karma ke kAraNa hI phala bhoga hetu janma hotA hai| karma bhI do prakAra ke hote haiM- puNya evaM pApa krm| inameM mukhyataH pApakarma duHkha kA kAraNa hotA hai, ataH madhurAyaNa RSi kahate haiM-pAvamUlANi dukkhANi, pAvamUlaM ca jmmnn|23 sabhI duHkha pApamUlaka hote haiM tathA janma kA mUla bhI pApa hai| ve apane mantavya ko spaSTa karate hue kahate haiM saMsAre dukkhamUlaM tu, pAvaM kammaM purekddN| pAvakammaNirodhAya, sammaM bhikkhU privve||4 saMsAra meM du:kha kA mUla pUrvakRta pApakarma hai, pApakarma kA nirodha karane ke lie bhikSu ko samyakrUpa se parivrajana karanA caahie| du:kha se rahita honA hai to pApakarma kA tyAga anivArya hai, kyoMki pApa kA sadbhAva hone para du:kha avazya utpanna hotA hai-sabhAve sati pAvassa, dhuvaM dakkhaM psuuyte|5 pApa kA ghAta hone para du:kha kA usI prakAra nAza ho jAtA hai jisa prakAra pUjpa kA vinASThA hone para phalotpatti nahIM hotI-pAvaghAte hataM dakkhaM, puSphaghAte jahA phl|26 mUla kA siMcana karane para phala kI utpatti hotI hai, mUla kA ghAta hone para phala bhI naSTa ho jAtA hai-mUlaseke phaluppattI, mUlaghAte hataM phl|7 kaI bAra duHkhI vyakti apane duHkha kA nAza karane ke lie dUsaroM ko du:kha detA hai, kintu aisA karake vaha anya du:khoM kA baMdha kara letA hai| kUrmAputra adhyayana meM utsukatA ko bhI duHkha kA kAraNa kahA gayA hai-dukkhaM uusuyttnnN| yaha utsukatA moha kA hI eka rUpa hai, jisameM apekSA evaM phalaprApti kI kAmanA nihita hai| yahA~ para yaha kahA jA sakatA hai ki mohakarma hI duHkha kA mUla hai, usake kAraNa hI pApakarma kiyA jAtA hai tathA moha ke kAraNa vyakti kA jJAna AcchAdita rahatA hai| arthAt ajJAna kI dazA meM bhI moha kAraNa hai| yaha mohakarma hI Asakti, mamatva, ahaMkAra, krodha, mAyA, lobha Adi ke rUpa meM abhivyakta hotA hai| Atyantika sukha kyA hai, ise nirUpita karate hue ar3atIsaveM sAciputra adhyayana meM kahA gayA hai ki jaba sukha se sukha prApta hotA hai to vaha Atyantika sukha hai| isakA tAtparya hai ki jaba sukha kI avasthA
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________________ anekAnta 68/3, julAI-sitambara, 2015 nirantara nitanatana banI rahe. kabhI bAdhita na ho vaha sukha Atyantika sukha hai| isa sukha ke pazcAt kabhI du:kha nahIM AtA hai| indriyajanita sukha ke pazcAt duHkha kI prApti hotI rahatI hai, ataH aisA sukha Atyantika sukha nahIM ho sktaa| sambhavataH sAciputra (sAriputra / svAtiputra) bauddha haiM, isalie ve kahate haiM ki prajJAvAn sAdhaka anekavidha padArthoM kA tyAgakara kahIM bhI lubdha nahIM hotA, yaha buddhoM kI zikSA hai| nAnA zabda, rUpa, gandha, rasa, sparza Adi viSayoM ke prati paNDita sAdhaka na to rAga kare, na dveSa kre|31 isI prakAra kI carcA RSi varddhamAna (mahAvIra) adhyayana meM bhI samprApta hotI hai| vahA~ kahA gayA hai ki muni manojJa zabda, rUpa, gandha, rasa evaM sparza meM rAga nahIM karatA tathA inake amanojJa hone para unake prati dveSa nahIM karatA-maNuNNammi Na rajjejjA, Na padussejja hi paave|32 isa prakAra AcaraNa karane vAlA sAdhaka muni pApakarma ke srota kA nirodha karatA hai| zrotradi pA~ca indriyA~ yadi damana nahIM kI jAeM to saMsAra kI hetu bana jAtI haiM aura yadi unheM niyantrita kara liyA jAe to ve hI nirvANa meM sahAyaka ho jAtI haiN| jisa prakAra vinIta ghor3e sArathI ko mArga para le jAte haiM, usI prakAra samyak rUpa se dAnta indriyA~ sAdhaka ko viSayoM meM pravRtta nahIM krtii|33 jo sAdhaka mana evaM kaSAyoM ko jItakara samyak prakAra se tapa karatA hai vaha zuddhAtmA usI prakAra dIpta hotA hai jaise havana se agni dIpta hotI hai|34 vaizramaNa adhyayana meM kahA gayA hai ki jo vyakti sukha yA sAtA ke icchuka hokara pApakarma karate haiM unakA pApa vaise hI bar3hatA hai, jaise RNa lene vAle vyakti kA RNa bar3hatA hai| jo jIva vartamAna sukha kI khoja karate haiM, usake pariNAma ko nahIM dekhate haiM ve bAda meM usI prakAra du:kha prApta karate haiM, jaise kAMTe se biMdhI huI mchlii|35 karma-siddhAnta : isibhAsiyAiM meM karma-siddhAnta ke isa niyama kI bhUrizaH puSTi huI hai ki jo jaisA acchA yA burA karma karatA hai, usake anusAra use phala-prApti hotI hai| caturtha adhyayana meM aMgarSi kahate haiM-sukaDaM dukkaDaM vAvi kttaarmnnugcchti|36 sukRta ho yA duSkRta sabhI karma kartA kA anugamana karate haiM, arthAt kartA ko unake phala kI prApti hotI hai|
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________________ 23 anekAnta 68/3, julAI-sitambara, 2015 40 madhurAyaNa RSi kahate haiM ki AtmakRta karmoM kA phala AtmA svayaM bhogatI hai, ataH AtmA ke hita ke lie pApakArI kAryoM kA varjana karanA caahie| ** harigiri adhyayana meM bhI kahA gayA hai ki prANI jo nAnA prakAra ke zubhAzubha karma karatA hai usI ke anusAra nAnA avasthAoM ko prApta karatA hai|38 tIsaveM vAyu adhyayana meM bhI kahA gayA hai ki jaisA bIja boyA jAtA hai vaisA hI phala prApta hotA hai usI prakAra nAnA prayogoM se niSpanna sukhada yA duHkhada karma kiyA jAtA hai, vaisA hI phala prApta hotA hai- jArisaM kijjate kammaM, tArisaM bhujjate phalaM / 9 jainadarzana meM aSTavidha karmoM kA vivecana prApta hotA hai| isibhAsiyAI meM aSTavidha karma zabda to AyA hai, kintu ina karmoM ke nAmoM kA ullekha nahIM huA hai| ATha karma haiMjJAnAvaraNa, darzanAvaraNa, vedanIya, mohanIya, Ayu, nAma, gotra aura antraay| jJAnAvaraNa karma jJAna ko Avarita karatA hai, darzanAvaraNa karma jIva ke darzana guNa (svasaMvedana) ko Avarita karatA hai, vedanIya karma sukha-duHkha kA vedana karAtA hai, mohanIya karma dRSTi evaM AcaraNa ko malina karatA hai, krodha, mAyAdi vikAroM ko prakaTa karatA hai| Ayu karma ke kAraNa manuSyAdi bhava kI eka nizcita avadhi ke lie prApti hotI hai| nAmakarma se zarIra, indriyAdi kI prApti hotI hai| gotrakarma se jIva meM uccatA evaM nIcatA ke saMskAra Ate haiM tathA antarAya karma ke kAraNa jIva ke dAna ( udAratA ), lAbha, bhoga, upabhoga, vIrya (zakti) Adi guNa bAdhita hote haiN| mAna, karma ke AdAna yA Asrava ke kAraNoM kA ullekha mahAkAzyapa adhyayana meM huA hai| vahA~ para mithyAtva avirati ( anivRtti), pramAda, kaSAya evaM yoga ko karmAsrava kA kAraNa kahA gayA hai| 41 jaina darzana ke tattvArthasUtradi granthoM meM bandha- hetu ke ye hI pA~ca prakAra nirUpita haiN| inhIM se karmoM kA baMdha hotA hai| RSi mahAkazyapa kA kathana hai ki saMsArI prANI ke lie karma kA vahI sthAna hai jo aMDe aura bIja kA hai| karma ke anusAra hI jIva santAna, bhoga evaM nAnA avasthAoM ko prApta karatA hai / 42 saMsAra kI paramparA kA mUla pUrvakRta puNya aura pApa hai| ataH puNya evaM pApa ke nirodha ke lie samyak parivrajana karanA caahie| saMsAra meM azAnti kA mUla karma hai- kammamUlamaNivvANaM saMsAre svvdehinn| saMsAra ke jitane duHkha evaM kaSTa haiM, ve prAyaH pUrvakRta karma ke kAraNa prApta hote haiN| mahAkAzyapa adhyayana
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________________ 24 anekAnta 68/3, julAI-sitambara, 2015 meM kahA gayA hai ki hastachedana, pAdachedana Adi vividha prakAra ke duHkha pUrvakRta karmoM se prApta hote haiN|4 aisA pratIta hotA hai ki yahA~ RSi mahAkAzyapa pApakarmoM ko na karane kI preraNA kara rahe haiN| ___ karma kI vibhinna avasthAe~ bandha, udaya, udIraNA, sattA, apakarSaNa, utkarSaNa, saMkramaNa, nidhatta, nikAcanA Adi haiN| mahAkAzyapa adhyayana meM baddha, spRSTa, nidhatta, upakrama, utkera, saMkramaNa, nidhatta, nikAcanA Adi avasthAoM kA ullekha huA hai|45 harigiri adhyayana meM kahA gayA hai ki jisa prakAra dhvani kI prati dhvani hotI hai usI prakAra karma ke anusAra kAnti, jAti, vaya yA avasthA kA nirmANa hotA hai|46 jIva do prakAra kI vedanAoM kA vedana karate haiN| prANAtipAta, mRSAvAda, adattAdAna yAvat mithyAdarzanazalya Adi 18 pApa karake jIva asAtA yA duHkha kA vedana karatA hai tathA prANAtipAtaviramaNa yAvat mithyAdarzana zalya viramaNa se jIva sAtA athavA sukha kA vedana karatA karmoM meM pramukha mohakarma hai| yaha karmasenA kA senApati hai| moha kA nAza hone para anya karmoM kA nAza ho jAtA hai| harigiri RSi kahate haiM chinnamUlA jahA vallI, sukkamUlo jahA dumo| naTThamohaM tahA kamma, siNNaM vA htnnaayk| jisa prakAra jar3a se kaTI huI latA, sUkhe hue mUla vAlA vRkSa naSTa ho jAtA hai, usI prakAra moha kA nAza hone para karmoM kA vaise hI nAza ho jAtA hai jaise senApati kI hAra hone para senA kI hAra ho jAtI hai| karmAsrava ko rokane ke lie saMvara kA vidhAna hai tathA pUrva saMcita karmoM ke kSaya ke lie nirjarA kA pratipAdana hai| dakabhAla RSi parizATana zabda se nirjarA ko abhivyakta karate hue kahate haiM ki karma parizATana karane yogya haiN| ajJAnI jIva karmoM kA parizATana nahIM karate, jJAnI karmoM kA parizATana karate haiM, isalie jJAnI puruSa karmoM se vaise hI lipta nahIM hote, jaise pAnI se kamala ptr|8 pAva adhyayana meM kahA gayA hai ki asambuddha evaM karmAsrava kA saMvara nahIM karane vAlA vyakti cAturyAma nigraMtha dharma meM dIkSita hokara bhI ATha prakAra kI karmagraMthiyoM kA baMdha karatA hai, vaha naraka, tiryaMca, manuSya evaM devagati meM utpanna hokara karmaphala prApta karatA hai, kintu yadi vaha sambuddha aura saMvRtakarmA ho jAe to aSTavidha karmoM kA bandha nahIM
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________________ anekAnta 68/3, julAI-sitambara, 2015 25 karatA tathA sampUrNa karmoM kA kSaya kara lene para use narakAdi gatiyoM meM phalabhoga bhI nahIM karanA pdd'taa|49 cAturyAma evaM paMca mahAvrata : pArzvanAtha kI paramparA meM cAturyAma dharma thA evaM bhagavAna mahAvIra ne brahmacarya evaM aparigraha ko pRthak kara paMca mahAvrata kA svarUpa pradAna kiyaa| nArada adhyayana meM cAturyAma dharma kA hI saMketa milatA hai, kyoMki nArada tIrthakara ariSTanemi ke samaya para hue| arhat nArada RSi ne inheM cAra zrotavya lakSaNoM ke rUpa meM pratipAdita kiyA hai| vyakti tIna karaNa (kRta, kArita evaM anumodita) tathA tIna yoga (mana, vacana evaM kAyA) se prANAtipAta na kare, na dUsaroM se karavAe, yaha prathama zrotavya lakSaNa hai| isI prakAra mRSAbhASaNa evaM adattAdAna ke tyAga ko kramazaH dvitIya evaM tRtIya zrotavya svIkAra kiyA gayA hai| caturtha zrotavya meM abrahma evaM parigraha donoM kA kathana eka sAtha karate hue kahA gayA hai ki sAdhaka na to inakA sevana kare aura na dUsaroM se krvaae|5deg puSpazAla adhyayana meM prANAtipAta Adi pA~ca pApoM ke tyAga kA kathana hai Na pANe ativAtejjA, aliyAdiNNaM ca vjje| mehuNaM ca Na sevejjA, bhavejjA aprigghe||51 paiMtAlIsaveM vaizramaNa adhyayana meM ahiMsA kI pratiSThA karate hue kahA gayA hai ki jisa prakAra zAstra-prayoga se yA agni se svayaM ke zarIra meM ghAva yA jalana kI vedanA hotI hai, usI prakAra anya jIvoM ko bhI hiMsA se vedanA kA anubhava hotA hai| prANaghAta saba prANiyoM ko apriya hai tathA dayA sabako priya hai| isa tathya ko jAnakara prANi-ghAta kA varjana karanA caahie| ahiMsA saba prANiyoM ko zAnti upajAne vAlI hai, yaha saba prANiyoM meM anindita brahma hai| AcAramImAMsA ke antargata sAdhavAcAra pramukha hai| sAdhavAcAra ke antargata cAturyAma dharma athavA paMca mahAvrata ke atirikta pA~ca samiti, tIna gupti Adi kA bhI vizeSa mahattva hai| isibhAsiyAiM meM inakA bhI yathAvasara ullekha huA hai| sAdhu ke lie svAdhyAya aura dhyAna kA vidhAna hai| isakA saMketa vidu RSi ne kiyA hai, yathA sajjhAyajhANovagato jitappA, saMsAravAsaM bahudhA vidittaa| sAvajjavuttI karaNe*ThitappA, niravajjavittI tu smaayrejjaa||12
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________________ anekAnta 68/3, julAI-sitambara, 2015 AtmajetA muni svAdhyAya evaM dhyAna meM saMlagna hokara saMsAra ke kAraNoM ko bahudhA jAnakara sAvadhavRtti kAryoM meM apane ko nahIM lagAtA, apitu vaha niravadya (niSpApa) kArya kA AcaraNa karatA hai| mokSa kA svarUpa : jainadarzana meM jJAnAvaraNAdi aSTavidha karmoM ke kSaya ko mokSa kahA jAtA hai, kintu 'isibhAsiyAI' meM aisA lakSaNa prApta nahIM hotaa| mokSa kA svarUpa yahA~ devila, mahAkAzyapa, rAmaputra Adi RSiyoM ke vacanoM meM abhivyakta huA hai, tadanusAra vaha ziva, acala, aruja, akSaya, avyAbAdha aura apunarAvRtta zAzvata sthAna hai|53 jo mokSa ko prApta karatA hai usake vizeSaNa lagabhaga pratyeka adhyayana meM die gae haiM, yathA- vaha isa prakAra siddha, buddha, virata, niSpApa, dAnta, vItarAga, zaktisampanna evaM trAtA hotA hai| eka bAra siddhAvasthA mokSa ko prApta kara lene ke pazcAt vaha punaH saMsAra meM utpanna nahIM hotaa| adhyAtma darzana : isibhAsiyAiM meM AdhyAtmika cintana mukhara huA hai| isameM kAma-bhogoM evaM indriyoM ke viSayoM meM anAsakta rahane kI pade-pade preraNA kI gaI hai| zauryAyaNa RSi kahate haiM ki durdAnta pA~ca indriyA~ hI prANiyoM ke lie saMsAra kA kAraNa banatI haiN| yadi unheM saMyamita kara liyA jAe to ve hI nirvANa kA kAraNa bana jAtI haiN|54 ina pA~ca indriyoM ke viSayoM meM jo nahIM bahatA vaha uttama puruSa hotA hai|5 manojJa (iSTa) zabda, rUpa, gandha, rasa, sparza Adi meM Asakti, rAga, gRddhi, mUrchA na ho tathA amanojJa (aniSTa) zabda, rUpAdi ke prati dveSa na ho tabhI indriyoM para pUrNa saMyama hotA hai tathA mukti kA mArga prazasta hotA hai| ___ RSi varddhamAna kahate haiM ki jAgRta rahane vAle muni kI pA~ca indriyA~ supta rahatI haiM tathA supta vyakti kI pA~coM indriyA~ jAgRta rahatI haiN| suptamuni pA~coM indriyoM se karmaraja ko grahaNa karatA hai tathA jAgRtamuni indriyoM ke saMyama dvArA karmaraja ko rokatA hai|56 varddhamAna RSi kahate haiM manojJa zabda, rUpa, gandha, rasa, sparza ke prati rAga nahIM karanA cAhie tathA inake amanojJa hone para dveSa nahIM karanA caahie| yahI AdhyAtmika sAdhanA kA mUla abhyAsa hai| aisA karane vAlA vyakti karma-Asrava ko roka detA hai| jisa prakAra durdAnta
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________________ anekAnta 68/3, julAI-sitambara, 2015 ghor3e sArathI ko rAjapatha se haTAkara unmArga meM le jAte haiM, usI prakAra damana nahIM kI gaI indriyA~ AtmA ko balapUrvaka kumArga meM le jAtI haiN| kintu jaba ve sudAnta ho jAtI haiM to vinIta ghor3e kI bhAMti unmArga para nahIM le jaatii|58 indriyoM ko niyantrita karane ke lie mana ko jItanA Avazyaka hai| varddhamAna adhyayana meM kahA gayA hai ki sAdhaka mana ko jItakara indriya-viSayoM meM pravRtti ko roke tathA phira viveka rUpI hAthI para ArUr3ha hokara zastradhArI zUravIra kI bhAMti kaSAyoM ke sAtha yuddha kre| 59 jo sAdhaka mana aura kaSAyoM ko jItakara samyak prakAra se tapa karatA hai usakI AtmA zuddha hokara dIpta hotI hai|" 27 uddAlaka RSi kahate haiM ki vyakti ko Atmahita ke lie jAgRta rahanA cAhie, jo mAtra parArtha kA abhidhAraka hotA hai usakA Atmahita nahIM ho pAtA / 19 svayaM ke ghara meM Aga lagane para dUsaroM ke ghara kI ora daur3anA ucita nhiiN| pahale apanA ghara samhAlanA cAhie / 12 sva ko evaM para ko sarvabhAva se saba prakAra se jAnanA cAhie / 63 AtmArthI nirjarA karatA hai tathA parArthI karmabandhana karatA hai|" uddAlaka adhyayana meM sadA jAgRta rahane tathA dharmAcaraNa meM apramatta rahane kA saMdeza diyA gayA hai-jAgaraha NarA NicchaM, mA bhe dhammacaraNe pmttaannN|65 jo muni jAgRta rahatA hai usase doSa dUra hI rahate haiN|66 chattIsaveM tArAyaNa adhyayana meM krodha vijaya kI preraNA kI gaI hai| krodha ko agni, andhakAra, mRtyu, viSa, vyAdhi, zatru, raja, jarA, hAni, bhaya, zoka, moha, zalya evaM parAjaya kahA gayA hai| " bAhya agni ko to jala se zAnta kiyA jA sakatA hai, kintu krodhAgni ko samasta samudroM ke jala se bhI zAnta nahIM kiyA jA sktaa|" krodha rUpI graha se abhibhUta vyakti ke sattva (bala), buddhi (nirNayazakti), mati ( cintanazakti), medhA (pratibhA), gambhIratA, saralatA Adi saba guNa niSprabha ho jAte haiN|69 krodhAviSTa vyakti mAtA-pitA, guru, sAdhu, rAjA, devatA Adi kisI ko kucha nahIM samajhatA / vaha sabase gAlI-galauja karane lagatA hai| krodha ke kAraNa tapa, saMyama Adi naSTa ho jAte haiN| isalie krodha kA nigraha karanA Avazyaka hai| jisa prakAra krodha kaSAya se AtmaguNoM kI hAni hotI hai, usI prakAra mAna, mAyA evaM lobha se AtmaguNoM kI hAni hotI hai| ataH ina para
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________________ anekAnta 68/3, julAI-sitambara, 2015 vijaya prApta karane ke lie prayatnazIla rahanA caahie| uddAlaka adhyayana meM kahA gayA hai ki ajJAna se vimuDhAtmA krodha, mAna, mAyA evaM lobha ke bANa se apanI AtmA ko hI bIMdhatA hai arthAt apanI hI hAni karatA hai| 'yoga' zabda kA prayoga : jainadarzana ke prAcIna granthoM evaM AgamoM meM 'yoga' zabda kA prayoga prAyaH mana, vacana evaM kAyA kI pravRtti ke lie huA hai| yaha yoga zubha evaM azubha donoM prakAra kA sambhava hai| pataMjali ke yogasUtra meM yoga zabda cittavRtti ke nirodha ke lie prayukta huA hai|72 haribhadra, hemacandra, zubhacandra Adi ke sAhitya meM yoga zabda kA prayoga mokSa se jor3ane vAlI pravRtti ke lie bhI huA hai, kintu isibhAsiyAiM ke mahAkAzyapa adhyayana meM 'juttajogissa' zabda prayukta huA hai, jo 'yuktayogI' kA vAcaka hai| vahA~ kahA gayA hai ki dhImAn yuktayogI ke pApakarma kSaya ho jAte haiM tathA AMzika rUpa se karma kA kSaya hone para anekavidha RddhiyA~ prakaTa hotI haiN|74 yogasUtra ke vibhUtipAda meM jisa prakAra vibhinna siddhiyoM yA labdhiyoM kA kathana hai kucha-kucha usI prakAra kA kathana mahAkAzyapa adhyayana meM bhI huA hai| mahAkAzyapa adhyayana meM kahA gayA hai ki tapasaMyama se yukta AtmA karma kA vimardana (nAza) karake vidyAlabdhi, auSadhilabdhi, nipAnalabdhi, vAstuvidyA, zikSApada, gati-Agati (pUrvajanma tathA punarjanma) Adi kA jJAna kara letI jJAnamImAMsA : adhyAtma-pradhAna granthoM meM jJAna kA mahattva nirvivAda rUpa se pratiSThita rahatA hai| ataH vidu adhyayana meM kahA gayA hai ki vaha vidyA mahAvidyA hai evaM sarvavidyAoM meM uttama hai jise sAdhakara sAdhaka saba duHkhoM se mukta ho jAtA hai| vidu RSi kahate haiM ki jisa vidyA se vyakti bandha, mokSa aura jIvoM kI gati-Agati tathA AtmabhAva ko jAnatA hai, vaha vidyA duHkha vimocanI hai| du:khoM se mukti ke lie jJAna kI mahattvapUrNa bhUmikA hotI hai| jisa prakAra roga kA jJAna hone para usakA nidAna sambhava hotA hai tathA auSadhi kA jJAna hone para usakA nirAkaraNa sambhava hotA hai, usI prakAra karma kA samyak parijJAna hone para tathA karmamokSa kA parijJAna hone para hI karmoM se chuTakArA sambhava hai| jo vyakti jIvoM ke karma-bandha, mokSa usakI phala paramparA ko jAnatA hai, vahI karmoM kA nAza karatA hai|78
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________________ anekAnta 68/3, julAI-sitambara, 2015 ___caturtha adhyayana meM aMgarSi kA kathana hai ki jisa jJAna ke dvArA maiM apane prakaTa yA ekAnta meM kRta Arya yA anArya karmoM ko jAnatA hU~ vahI jJAna acala hai, dhruva hai|79 isibhAsiyAI meM hameM anekAntavAda ke bIja bhI prApta hote haiN| navama adhyayana 'mahAkAzyapa' meM saMsArastha jIvoM ke lie kahA gayA hai ki ve dravya, kSetra, kAla evaM bhAva kI dRSTi se nityAnitya haiM davvato khettato ceva, kAlato bhAvato thaa| _ NiccANiccaM tu viNNeyaM, saMsAre savvadehiNaM katipaya adhyayanoM meM jina prajJapta mArga kI zreSThatA kA pratipAdana huA hai| mahAkAzyapa adhyayana meM kahA gayA hai gaMbhIraM savvatobhadaM, svvbhaavvibhaavnnN| dhANNA jiNAhitaM maggaM, sammaM vedeti bhAvato 1 ve loga dhAnya haiM, jo jinendroM dvArA prarUpita gambhIra, sarvatobhadra, sarvapadArtha prakAzaka mArga ko bhAvapUrvaka samyak rUpa se jAnate haiM evaM AcaraNa karate haiN| grantha meM jaina pAribhASika zabdoM kA prayoga vaidika RSiyoM ke mukha se bhI huA hai| udAharaNa ke lie uddAlaka RSi ke adhyayana meM svayaM ke lie trigupti se gupta, tridaNDa se virata, niHzalya, agArava, caturvikathA se varjita, pA~ca samitiyoM se samita, pA~ca indriyoM se saMvRta, navakoTi parizuddha, udgama, utpAdanA evaM eSaNA ke doSoM se rahita vizeSaNoM kA prayoga huA hai| isibhAsiyAiM vastutaH eka mahattvapUrNa AdhyAtmika grantha hai, jisako paDhakara mere mana meM jo bhAva uThe haiM. unheM prAkRta gAthAoM meM prastuta kara rahA maNo me harisio jAo paDhiUNa isibhaasiyaaii| risINAM vayaNANi eyammi, sohanti suddhbhaavenn|| jaiNA boddhA mAhANA ya risio bhavanti arhtaa| ajjhattadosanivAraNAya, uvaesA uvoginno|| saMpadAyAbhinivesassa, bhAvaNA tattha vjjiaa| sammAdiTThIe bhavai samma, savvaM bhaNitaM ajjrisiihiN||
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________________ 30 saMdarbha: 1 RSibhASita : eka adhayayana - DaoN. sAgaramala jaina, prAkaSTata bhAratI akAdamI, jayapura, 1988, bhUmikA, pR. 9 Isibhasiyaim, L.D. Series, 45, Edited by Dr Walther Schubring, L.D. Institute of Indology, Ahmedabad, First Edition, 1974, Introduction, P.5 isibhAsiyAI (RSibhASitAni, jaina vizva bhAratI, lADanUM 2011, pR. 13 yaha TIkA saMkSipta hai tathA pustaka ke paSTa 131 se 159 taka prakAzita hai| 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 isi bhAsiyAI, 20. 2-3 evaM 7 10 isi bhAsiyAI, 20.7. isibhAsiyAI 22.2-3 12. puruSa evedaM sarva yadbhUtaM yacca bhavyam / utAmRtatvasyezAno, yadannenAtirokaSTati / / - Rgveda, 13 anekAnta 68/3, julAI-sitambara, 2015 17 18 puruSasUkta, 10.90.2 (a) isibhAsiyAI, 37.1-2 (ba) zatapatha brAhmaNa 11.1.6.1 meM ullekha hai- Apo ha vA idamagre slilmevaas| 14 hiraNyagarbhaH samavartatA'gre, bhUtasya jAtaH pahireka AsIta / Rgveda, 10.121.1 15 isibhAsiyAI, 37.4 16 isibhAsiyAI, 31.9 draSTavya vyAkhyAprajJaptisUtra, zataka 1 meM roha ke sAtha bhagavAna mahAvIra kI carcA / se jahANAmae paMca atthikAyA Na kayAi NAsI, Na kayAi Na bhavati, na kayAi Na bhavissati, bhuviMca, bhavati ya bhavissati ya, dhuvA NitiyA sayA, akkhayAavyA avtttthiaa| isibhAsiyAI 31.10 19 vahI, 31.2 sabhAsiyAI 21.3 isabhAsiyAI, 5.5 22 isibhAsiyAI, 9.4 25 isibhAsiyAI, 15.8 26 isibhAsiyAI, 15.10 2 dukhio dukkhaghAtAya dukkhAvetA sriirinno| 28 pADiyAreNa dukkhassa dukkhamaNNaM NibaMdhAtI / / isibhAsiyAI, 15.12 2 isabhAsiyAI 7.1 " jaM suheNa suhaM laddhaM, accatasuhameva taM jaM suheNa duhaM laddhaM, mA meM teNa samAgamo / / - isibhAsiyAI, 38.1 , isibhAsiyAI, lADanUM RSibhASita: eka paricaya, pR. 21 sibhasiyam, Ahmedabad, Introduction, P. 3-4 aura dekheM isibhAsiyAI, RSibhASita eka paricaya pU. 18 isi bhAsiyAI, RSibhASita : eka paricaya, pR. 19 patteyabuddhasAhU, namimo je bhAsitaM sivaM pattA paNayAlIsaM isibhAsiyAI ajjhayaNapattAI / / RSimaNDalastotra 45 7 21 itibhAsiyAI, 2.7 isabhAsiyAI 15.6 27 isi bhAsiyAI, 15.11
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________________ anekAnta 68/3, julAI-sitambara, 2015 31 31 isibhAsiyAI, 38.4- 932 isibhAsiyAI, 29.5 33 isibhAsiyAI,29.15 34 isibhAsiyAI, 29.17 35 isibhAsiyAI, 45.8 36 isibhAsiyAI, 4.12 37 Ata-kaDANa-kammANaM, AtA bhuMjati taM phlN| tamhA Atassa aTThAe, pAvamAdAya vjje|| - isibhAsiyAI, 15.21 38 isibhAsiyAI, 24.19 39 isibhAsiyAI, 30.4 40 isibhAsiyAI, 31.7-8 41 isibhAsiyAI, 9.8 42 jahA aMDe jahA bIe, tahA kammaM sriirinnN| saMtANe ceva bhoge ya, naannaavnnnnttmcchti|| 9.9 43 isibhAsiyAI, 9.4 isibhAsiyAI, 9.2 45 uvakkamo ya ukkero, saMchobho khavaNaM tdhaa| baddhapuTThavidhAttANaM, vedaNA tu nnikaayite|| -isibhAsiyAI, 9.15 46 isibhAsiyAI, 24.20 47 isibhAsiyAI, 24.25 48 isibhAsiyAI, 22.1 49 isibhAsiyAI, 31.7-850 isibhAsiyAI, 1. 2 51 isibhAsiyAI, 5.3 52 isibhAsiyAI, 17.8 53 (a) sivamayalamaruyamakkhayamatvAbAhamapuNarAvattaM sAsayaM tthaannN|9.3 (ba) sivamayalamaruyamakkhamavvAbAhamapuNarAvattayaM siddhi gtilaamdhijj||23.2 54 (pa) duddatA iMdiyA paMca, saMsArA e sriirinn| te cceva NiyamitA saMtA, NejjANAe bhavaMti hi / / - isibhAsiyAI, 16.3 (papa) isI se milatI-julatI gAthA varddhamAna adhayayana meM bhI prApta hotI hai, yathA- duiMtA iMdiyA paMca, saMsArAya sriirinn| te ceva NiyamitA samma, NevvANAya bhavaMti hi||- isibhAsiyAI, 219.13 55 vahI, 16.1 56 isibhAsiyAI, 29.2 57 maNuNNammi arajjate, aduThe itarammi y| asutte avirodhINaM, evaM sote pihijjti||- isibhAsiyAI, 29.4 58 isibhAsiyAI, 29. 14-15 59 isibhAsiyAI, 29.16 60 jittA maNaM kasAe ya, jo samma kurute tvN| saMdipyate sa suddhappA, aggI vA hvisaa''hute|| -isibhAsiyAI, 29.17 AtaTha hAyate tassa, jo paraThAhi dhaare|| -isibhAsiyAiM 35.15 62 isibhAsiyAI, 35.1463 isibhAsiyAI, 35.13 64 vahI, 35.17 65 vahI, 35.20 66 vahI, 35.24
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________________ anekAnta 68/3, julAI-sitambara, 2015 67 kovo aggI tamo maccU, visaM vAdhI arI ryo| jarA hANI bhayaM sogo, mohaM sallaM praajyo||- isibhAsiyAI, 36.3 68 vahI, 36.5 69 vahI, 36. 7 7 vahI, 36.15 | vahI, 35.2,4,6,8 72 yogshcittvRttinirodhaaH| -pAtaMjalayogasUtra, 1.1 73 mokSaNa yojanAd yogH| 74 khijjate pAvakammANi, juttajogissa dhiimto| desakammakkhayabhUtA, jAyaMte riddhio bhuu|| isibhAsiyAI, 9.18 75 vijjosahiNivANesu, vatthu-sikkhAgatIsu yAtavasaMjamapayutte ya, vimadde hoti pcco|| -vahI, 9.19 jaM vijjaM sAhaittANaM, savvadukkhANa mucctii|| - isibhAsiyAI, 17.1 77 jeNa baMdhAM ca mokkhaM ca, jIvANaM gtiraagti| AyAbhAvaM ca jANati, sA vijjA dukkhmoynnii||- isibhAsiyAI, 17.2 78 isibhAsiyAI, 17.6 79 jeNa jANAmi appANaM, AvI vA jai vA rhe| ajjayAriM aNajja vA, taM NANaM ayalaM dhaav||4.4 80 isibhAsiyAI, 9.34 / isibhAsiyAI, 9.35 3K 24-25, kur3I bhagatAsanI, jodhapura-342005 (rAja.) munizrI kSamAsAgara jI ko vinamra zraddhAJjali paramapUjya saMta ziromaNi AcArya zrI vidyAsAgara mahArAja ke parama suyogya ziSya muni zrI 108 kSamAsAgara jI mahArAja kA dinAMka 13 mArca 2015 ko prAta:kAla sAgara meM sallekhanA pUrvaka samAdhimaraNa ho gayA hai| munizrI gahana cintaka, prakhara pravaktA, bhAvuka va saMvedanazIla vAtsalya-hRdayI evaM adbhuta zabda-zakti se prerita kavitAeM ke sRjetA kavimanA saMta the| AtmAnveSI aura "mani kSamAsAgara kI kavitAeM" evaM "karma kaise kareM" ApakI bahucarcita kRtiyA~ haiN| muni zrI vigata kaI varSo se asvastha cala rahe the parantu sadaiva jJAna-dhyAna meM lIna apanI caryA meM dRr3ha rhe| ema.Teka hone ke kAraNa ApakI vaijJAnika soca thii| jaina samAja ke pratibhAvAna chAtroM ke parama hitaiSI the| aise kaThora tapasvIsaMta ke deha vilaya se jainasamAja evaM zramaNa-samAja kI apuraNIya kSati huI hai| vIra sevA maMdira zodha saMsthA evaM anekAnta (zodha traimAsikI) parivAra Apake prati vinamra zraddhAMjalI arpita karate hue lokottara sAdhaka banakara mokSa prApti kI kAmanA karatA hai|
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________________ anekAnta 68/3, julAI-sitambara, 2015 jainasAhitya meM lezyA-vimarza - DaoN. zrImatI rAkA jaina saMsArI prANI kI bahirmukhI dRSTi antaronmukhI ho sake, vaha supatha kA pathika bana sake isalie Avazyaka hai ki lezyA kI bhAvAbhivyaMjanA ko samajhe aura jIvana meM utAre jisake lie lezyA-sandarbho ko jAnanA Avazyaka hai| vizva ke kisI bhI ciMtana meM AtmabhAva ko lekara itanI sakSamatA se, gaharAI se adhyayana nahIM kiyA gayA jitanA jainadarzana meM lezyA ke mAdhyama se kiyA gayA hai| yaha jainadarzana kA maulika zabda hai| saMsArI jIvoM ke bhAvoM/pariNAmoM ko lezyA kahate hai| itara darzanakAroM ne ise 'cittavRtti' kahA haiM jisake dvArA jIva apanI AtmA ko karma-skandha- puNya pApa se lipta kare vaha lezyA hai| yathA "liMpai appI kIrai, edIya NiyaapuNNApuNNaM c| jIvotti hodi lessA, lessaagunnjaannykkhaadaa||" jIva acche yA bure vicAroM ke anurUpa hI kriyAeM karatA hai aura unhIM se acche-bure karmabandha hote haiM jIva jitanI kriyAeM bAhara se karatA najara nahIM AtA, utanI ciMtana yA vicAroM se karatA hai| jainadarzana ne inhIM AtmabhAvoM ko 'raMgadarzana' arthAt 'kalara philosaphI' meM vyakta karate hue jIva kI duSTatama, duSTatara aura duSTa pravRttiyoM ko kRSNa, nIla, kApota arthAt azubha/aprazasta lezyAoM ke antargata rakhA jabaki ThIka, acchA, uttama ko pIta, padma aura zukla arthAt zubha/prazasta lezyAoM ke antargata rkhaa| eka meM duSTatA, para pIr3A, dhokhA, jhUTha, hiMsA ke bhAvoM kI prabalatA hai to dUsare meM prema, kSamA, karuNA, dayA aura parISahajayI banakara mokSa prApti taka ke bhAva haiN| jainadarzana ne eka aisA tharmAmITara diyA hai jise ve svayaM apane rAga-dveSa ke bukhAra ko mApa sake aura zubha lezyA rUpI auSadhi-yojanA karake apanI AtmA ko karmaroga se mukta kara ske|'
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________________ 34 anekAnta 68/3, julAI-sitambara, 2015 yaha eka aisA AdhyAtmika darpaNa hai jisake mAdhyama se Adhuni pAzcAtya vaijJAnikoM tathA tArkikoM ne vyakti kI Colour Choice raMga - pasaMdagI se unake Atmika bhAva jAnakara svabhAva varNana kiyA hai jise ColourPsycho-analysis kahate haiN| isakA saMzodhana manovaijJAnika abhI kara sake lekina bhagavAna mahAvIra ne sadiyoM pahale se hI yaha Colour - Psychoanalysis lezyA ke rUpa meM btaayii| mohanalAla bAMThiyA evaM zrIcanda coraDiyA ne 'sAiklopIDiyA Apha lezyAkoza kI prastAvanA meM lezyA ko jainadarzana kA rahasyamaya viSaya kahA hai| lezyA' - kaSAya se anuraMjita jIva kI mana, vacana, kAya kI pravRtti lezyA kahalAtI hai- 'kaSAyodayAnuraMjita yogapravRttIti lezyA / ' prAcIna kAla se hI vyakti ke AvegoM tathA manobhAvoM ke zubhatva evaM azubhatva kA sambandha vyaktitva se jur3A hai / kaSAya siddhAnta kevala azubha AvegoM kI carcA karatA hai aura lezyA - siddhAnta zubha aura azubha donoM manobhAvoM kI / Agama meM inakA kRSNAdi chaha raMgoM dvArA nirdeza kiyA gayA hai| inameM tIna zubha aura tIna azubha hotI hai| rAga va kaSAya kA abhAva ho jAne se mukta jIvoM ko lezyA nahIM hotI hai| zarIra ke raMga ko dravya lezyA kahate haiN| deva nArakiyoM meM dravya va bhAva lezyA samAna hotI hai, para anya jIvoM meM inakI samAnatA kA niyama nahIM haiM dravya lezyA Ayu paryanta eka hI rahatI para bhAva lezyA jIvoM ke pariNAmoM ke anusAra barAbara badalatI rahatI hai| lezyA aura kaSAya kA abinAbhAvI sambandha nahIM hai| jahA~ kaSAya hai vahA~ lezyA avazya hai lekina jahA~ lezyA hai vahA~ kaSAya nahIM bhI ho sktii| lezyA pariNAma kaSAya- pariNAma ke binA bhI hotA hai / lezyA aura yoga meM avinAbhAvI sambandha hai / jahA~ yoga hai, vahA~ lezyA hai| jo jIva salezI hai vaha sayogI hai tathA jo alezI hai, vaha ayogI bhI haiM jo jIva sayogI hai vaha saleza hai tathA jo ayogI hai vaha alezI bhI hai| yoga pariNAma hI lezyA hai kyoMki sayoga kevalI zuklalezyA pariNAma meM viharaNa karate hue avaziSTa antarmuhUrta meM yoga kA nirodha karate haiM tabhI ve ayogItva aura alezyatva ko prApta hote haiN|
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________________ anekAnta 68/3, julAI-sitambara, 2015 karma aura lezyA zAzvata bhAva hai| lezyA karmabandha kA kAraNa bhI hai aura nirjarA kA bhii| lezyA kA lakSaNa - "lizyate-zliSyate karmaNA saha AtmA Anayeti lezyA" lezyA na kaSAya hai aura na yoga apitu kaSAyAnuviddha pravRtti hI kaSAya hai| bAlacandra siddhAntazAstrI ne jainalakSaNAvalI bhAga-3 meM lezyA para upalabdha- lakSaNoM kA saMgraha prastuta kiyA hai| dhavalA ke anusAra jisake dvArA prANI karma se saMzliSTa hotA hai usakA nAma lezyA hai| kaSANAdi dravya kI sahAyatA se jo jIva kA pariNAma hotA hai use lezyA kahate haiN|' abhidhAna rAjendra koza ke anusAra jo AtmA ko karmoM se lipta karatI hai, jisake dvArA AtmA karmoM se lipta hotI hai yA bandhana meM AtI hai vaha lezyA hai| jainAcAryoM ne karmAzleza ke kAraNa zubhAzubha kAraNabhUta pariNAmoM ko lezyA kahA hai| gommaTasAra evaM paMcasaMgrahaprAkRta ke anusAra jisa prakAra AmapiSTa se mizrita geru miTTI ke lepa dvArA dIvAla lIpI yA raMgI jAtI hai usI prakAra zubha aura azubha bhAvarUpa lepa ke dvArA jo AtmA ko pariNAma lipta kiyA jAtA hai, usI ko lezyA kahate haiN| lezyAkoza meM pR. 3 para sasandarbha lezyA ke 13 artha die haiM- 1. AtmA kA pariNAma vizeSa, 2. Atma pariNAma nimittabhUta kaSTakSaNAdi dravya viSThoz2a, 3 adhyavasAya, 4. anta:karaNavRtti, 5. teja, 6. dIpti, 7. jyoti-prakAza-ujiyAlA', 8. kiraNa, 9. maNDalabimba, 10. deha-saundarya, 11. jvAlA, 12. sukha 13. vrnn| lezyA ke bheda - samAja meM eka varga vaha hai jo zubha kI ora unmukha hai aura dUsarA varga vaha hai jo azubha kI ora unmukha haiM isa naitika guNAtmaka antara ke AdhAra para do prakAra banate haiM- 1. prazasta, naitika, dhArmika, zubha, zuklapakSI, vizuddha, asaMkliSTa aura dUsarA hai aprazasta, anaitika, adhArmika, azubha, kRSNapakSI, avizuddha, sNklisstt| jainAcAryoM ne ina do guNAtmaka prakAroM ko tIna-tIna (uttama-madhyama-jaghanya) mAtratmaka antaroM ke AdhAra para SaDvidha vargIkaraNa kiyaa|
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________________ anekAnta 68/3, julAI-sitambara, 2015 yadyapi jaina vicArakoM ne mAtrAtmaka antaroM ke AdhAra para tIna, nau, ikyAsI aura do sau taitAlisa upabheda bhI ginAe haiM kintu mukhya rUpa se chaH kA hI vistAra milatA hai| paM. sukhalAla jI ke anusAra kRSNa aura zukla ke bIca kI lezyAeM vicAragata azubhatA aura zubhatA kA vividha mizraNa mAtra hai|' sarvArthasiddhi, gommaTasAra, uttarAdhyayanAdi siddhAntagranthoM ke anusAra lezyA ke do bheda haiM- 'lezyA dvividhA-dravyalezyA bhAvalezyA ceti'110 dravya-bhAvarUpa lezyA ke uttarabheda - SaTkhaNDAgama uttarAdhyayana Adi meM lezyA mArgaNA ke anuvAda se kRSNalezyA, nIla lezyA, kApotalezyA, tejo lezyA, padmalezyA, zukla lezyA aura alezyA vAle jIvoM kA varNana hai|" dravyalezyA, kRSNAdika chaha prakAra kI haiM, unameM eka-eka bheda apane-apane uttarabhedoM ke dvArA aneka rUpa haiN| jisa prakAra kRSNavarNa hIna-utkRSTa paryanta ananta bhedoM ko lie hue hai| usI prakAra chahoM dravya lezyA ke jaghanya se utkRSTa paryanta zarIra ke varNa kI apekSA saMkhyAta, asaMkhyAta va ananta taka bheda ho jAte haiN|12| leSThayA ko STubha aura aSThAbha bheda se 2 prakAra kI kahI gaI hai| azubha lezyA kRSNa, nIla, kapota ke bheda se tIna prakAra kI hai aura pIta, padma, lezyA bheda se zubha lezyA tIna prakAra kI hai| lezyA ke sAmAnyataH bheda1. do bheda - dravya tathA bhAva 2. chaH bheda - kaSTakSaNa, nIla, kApota, pIta, padma, zukla dalagata dravya lezyA ke bheda1. durgandhAvAlI- (kRSNa-nIla-kapota) sugandhAvalI - (pIta-padma-zukla) 2. rasa kI apekSA-amanojJa- (kRSNa-nIla-kapota) amanojJa(pIta-padma-zukla) 3. sparza kI apekSA-zItarUkSa-(kRSNa-nIla-kapota) uSNasnigdha(pIta-padma-zukla) 4. varNa kI apekSA- avizuddha (kRSNa-nIla-kapota) vizuddha - (pIta-padma-zukla) dravya lezyA :
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________________ anekAnta 68/3, julAI-sitambara, 2015 DaoN. sAgaramala jI ke anusAra dravya lezyA sUkSma bhautikI tattvoM se nirmita vaha AMgika saMracanA hai, jo hamAre manobhAvoM evaM tajjanita karmoM kA sApekSa rUpa meM kAraNa athavA kArya banatI hai| jisa prakAra pitta dravya kI adhikatA se svabhAva meM krodhIpana AtA hai aura krodha ke kAraNa pitta kI adhikatA hotI hai usI prakAra ina sUkSma bhautika tattvoM se manobhAva banate haiN| paM. sukhalAla jI evaM rAjendrasUri jI kA mata dete hue likhate haiM ki1. lezyA dravya karmavargaNA se bane hue haiN| - uttarAdhyayana kI TIkA 2. lezyA dravya badhyamAna karmapravAha rUpa hai| - uttarAdhyayana kI TIkA 3. AcArya haribhadrasUri ke anusAra lezyA yoga pariNAma hai arthAt zArIrika, vAcika evaM mAnasika kriyAoM kA pariNAma hai| 4 rAjavArtika aura gommaTasAra ke anusAra zarIra nAma karmodaya se utpanna huA jo zarIra kA varNana hai use dravya lezyA kahate haiN| "vaNNodayasaMpAditasarIravaNNo du davvado lessaa|" dravyalezyA meM chaH lezyA aura pAMca karma haiN| pudgala bhI varNa, gaMdha, rasa, sparzI hai ataH dravyalezyA pudgala hai| dravyalezyA pudgala hai ataH pudgala ke guNa bhI dravyalezyA meM haiN| dravyalezyA anantapradezI hai| dravyalezyA asaMkhyAtapradezI kSetravagAha karatI hai| dravyalezyA kI ananta vargaNA hotI hai| dravyalezyA ke asaMkhyAta sthAna hai| dravyalezyA guru laghutva hai| dravyalezyA jIvagrAhya haiN| dravyalezyA parasparapariNAmI haiN| dravyalezyA paraspara kadAcita apariNAmI bhI hai| dravyalezyA (sUkSmatva ke kAraNa) chadamastha agocara-ajJeya hai| dravyalezyA ajIva-udaya-niSpanna bhAva hai kyoMki jIva dvArA grahaNa hone ke bAda dravya lezyA kA prAyogika pariNamana hotA hai| kRSNAdika dravyalezyA ke varNa, rasa, sparza, gandha lakSaNa 1. kRSNa-bhramara ke samAna kAlA varNa, rs-kdd'vaa| 2. nIla- nIla maNi ke sadRza, mayUra kaNTha ke sadRza, rs-tiikhaa| 3. kApota- kApota ke sadRza rs-kssaaylaa|
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________________ anekAnta 68/3, julAI-sitambara, 2015 4. tejo-tapta suvarNa ke sadRza, rs-khttttaa-miitthaa| 5. padma- kamala ke sadRza, rs-miitthaa| 6. zukla- zaMkha ke samAna varNa vAlI, kAMsa ke puSpa ke samAna, rasa-adhika miitthaa| tIna azabha lezyA kA sparza rUkSa evaM gandha-durgandha aura tIna zubhalezyAoM kA sparza mulAyama evaM gandha-sugandha hai| bhAvalezyA ke dalagata bheda1. adharma-dharma-prathama tIna (kRSNa-nIla-kApota) adharma pazcAt tIna (pItapadma-zukla) dharma lezyA haiN| 2. aprazasta-prazasta- prathama tIna aprazasta pazcAt tIna prshst| 3. saMkliSTa-asaMkliSTa- prathama tIna saMkliSTa pariNAma vAlI tathA pazcAt tIna asaMkliSTa pariNAma vaalii| 4. durgatigAmI-sugatigAmI- (kRSNa-nIla-kApota) durgatigAmI pazcAt tIna (pIta-padma-zukla) sugtigaamii|| 5. avizuddha-vizuddha-pariNAma kI apekSA prathama tIna lezyAe~ avizuddha tathA pazcAt tIna lezyAeM vizuddha haiN| bhAva lezyA bhAva lezyA AtmA kA adhyavasAya yA anta:karaNa kI vRtti hai| paM. sukhalAla jI ke zabdoM meM bhAvalezyA AtmA kA manobhAva vizeSa hai jo saMkleza aura yoga se anugata haiM saMkleza ke tIvra, tIvratara, tIvratama, manda, mandatara, mandatama Adi aneka bheda hone se lezyA aneka prakAra kI ho jAtI manobhAvoM meM saMkleza kI nyUnAdhikatA athavA manobhAvoM kI azubhatva se zubhatva kI ora bar3hane kI sthitiyoM ke AdhAra para hI unake vibhAga kie gae haiN| DaoN. sAgaramala jI ne aprazasta aura prazasta- ina dvividha manoyogoM ke unakI tAratamyatA ke AdhAra para chaH bheda kie haiM1. kRSNalezyA- tIvratama aprazasta manobhAva 2. nIlalezyA- tIvra aprazasta manobhAva 3. kApota lezyA- aprazasta manobhAva 4. tejo lezyA- prazasta manobhAva 5. padamalezyA- tIvra prazasta manobhAva
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________________ anekAnta 68/3, julAI-sitambara, 2015 6. zuklalezyA- tIvratama prazasta manobhAva lezyAeM manobhAva mAtra nahIM caritra ke AdhAra para vyaktittva ke prakAra bhI hai| sarvArthasiddhi aura dhavalAdi meM kaSAya se anuraMjita mana-vacana-kAya yoga kI pravRtti ko lezyA kahate isIlie yaha audAyika kahI jAtI hai| pravRtti se tAtparya karma se hai| ____ gommaTTasAra ke anusAra mohanIya karma ke udaya, kSayopazama, upazama athavA kSaya se utpanna huA jo jIva kA spanda hai vaha bhAvalezyA hai "mohodayakhaovasamovasamakhayajajIphaMdaNaM bhAvo lessaa|''17_ ___ bhAvalezyA jIva pariNAmoM ke dasa bhedoM meM se eka bheda hai| lezyA ko udayaniSpanna bhAva kahA hai| niyuktikAra kahate haiM ki jIvoM meM udayabhAva se chaH lezyAeM hotI haiN| 'bhAve udayo bhaNio, chaNhaM lesANa jiivesu'||8 bhAvalezyA jIva pariNAma hai| bhAvalezyA avarNI, agaMNI, arasI, asparzI hai| bhAvalezyA agurulaghu hai| bhAvalezyA udayaniSpanna bhAva hai| bhAvalezyA paraspara meM pariNamana karatI hai| bhAvalezyA sugati-durgati kI hetu hai ataH karma bandhana meM bhI kisI prakAra hetu hai| kRSNabhAvalezyAoM ke lakSaNa lezyAmArgaNA meM jIvoM ke bhAva kA adhiAkAra hone se dravyalezyA nahIM ginI gaI bhAvalezyA hI yahA~ abhipreta hai| 1. kRSNalezyA- (azubhatama manovRtti) uttarAdhyayana, tiloyapaNNatti ke anusAra kRSNa lezyA se yukta duSTa puruSa apane hI gotrIya tathA ekamAtra sva kalatra ko bhI mArane kI icchA karatA hai| dayAdharma se rahita, vaira ko na chor3ane vAlA, asaMtoSI, klezI, tAmasabhAva vAlA hotA hai|'' 2. nIlalezyA (azubhatara manovRtti) - viSaya lolupI, mAnI, AlasI, kAyara, dUsaroM ko Thagane meM tatpara, mAyA-prapaMca meM saMlagna, lobhI, anRtabhASI nIla lezyA ke lakSaNa haiN| 3. kApotalezyA (azubha manovRtti) - jo kartavyAkartavya ko na ginatA ho, dUSaNa- bahula ho, bhaya bahula ho, dUsaroM se IrSyA karatA ho, apanI
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________________ anekAnta 68/3, julAI-sitambara, 2015 hAni-vRddhi ko na jAnatA ho vaha kAlA-lohita raMga vAlA kApota lezyA vAlA kahA jAtA hai| 4. pIta lezyA (zabha manovRtti) -jo apane kartavyAkartavya ko jAnatA ho, samadarzI ho vinIta, saMyamI, dayA aura dAna meM rata ho, mRdu svabhAvI aura jJAnI ho- ye saba tejolezyA vAle ke lakSaNa haiN|22 5. padama lezyA (zabhatara manovRtti)- jo tyAga, bhadra, satyabhASI, kSamAzIla guru devatA pUjana meM ruci rakhane vAlA ho, vaha padma lezyA vAlA hotA hai| 6. zuklalezyA (parama zubha manovRtti) - yaha manobhUmi zubha manobhAva kI sarvocca bhUmikA hai| nirvara, vItarAgatA, pApa kAryoM se udAsInatA, saba meM samAna vyavahAra karanA zukla lezyA ke lakSaNa haiN| sadaiva svadharma evaM sva svarUpa meM nimagna rahatA hai|4 alezyA kA lakSaNa jo kRSNAdi chaH lezyAoM se rahita hai, paMca parivartanarUpa saMsAra se vinirgata hai, ananta sukhI hai AtmopalabdhirUpa siddhipurI ko samprApta hai aise ayogakevalI aura siddha jIvoM ko alezya jAnanA caahie|25 lezyA pariNAmoM ko samajhAne ke lie dRSTAnta lezyAkoza meM jambUkhAdaka dRSTAnta aura grAmaghAtaka dRSTAnta sarvavidita hai(ka) jaha jaMburuvarego, supkkphlbhriynmiysaalggo| diTTho chahiM purisehiM, te biMtI jaMbu bhkkhemo| kiha puNa? te beMtekko, AruhamANANa jIva sNdehii| to chiMdiUNa mUle, pADemuM tAhe bhkkhemo|| biti Aha edaheNaM, kiM chiNeNaM taruNa ahaM ti? sAhAmahallachiMdaha, taio beMtI psaahaao|| gocche cautthao uNa, paMcamao beti geNhaha phalAI? chaTThIM tassovaNao, jo beMti tarU vichinnmuulo| so vaTTai kiNhAe, sAhamahallA u niilaae|| havai pasAhA kAU, gocchA teU phalA ya pmhaae| paDiyAe sukkalesA, ahavA aNaM udaahrnnN||26 (kha) pahiyA je chappurisA paribhaTTAraNamajjha desmhi| phalabhariyarukkhamegaM pekkhittA te viciMtaM ti|| NimmUla khaMdha sAhuvasAhuM chittuM ciNittu pddidaaii| khAuM phalAiM idi jaM maNeNa vayaNaM have kmm|
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________________ anekAnta 68/3, julAI-sitambara, 2015 chaH baMdhu kisI upavana meM ghUmane gaye tathA eka phala se lade bhare-pUre avanata zAkhA vAle jAmuna vRkSa ko dekhaa| sabake mana meM phalAhAra karane kI icchA jAgRta huii| chaoM baMdhuoM ke mana meM lezyA janita apane-apane pariNAmoM ke kAraNa bhinna-bhinna vicAra jAgRta hue aura unhoMne phala khAne ke liye alaga-alaga prastAva rakhe, unase unakI lezyA kA anumAna kiyA jA sakatA hai| prathama baMdhu kA prastAva thA ki kauna per3a para car3hakara tor3ane kI takalIpha kare tathA car3hane meM girane kI AzaMkA bhI hai| ataH sampUrNa per3a ko hI kATa kara girA do aura ArAma se phala khaao| dvitIya baMdhu kA prastAva AyA ki samUce per3a ko kATakara naSTa karane se kyA lAbha? baDI-baDI zAkhAyeM kATa ddaaleN| phala sahaja hI hAtha laga jAyeMge tathA per3a bhI baca jaaygaa| tIsarA baMdhu bolA ki bar3I DAleM kATakara kyA lAbha hogA? choTI zAkhAoM meM hI phala bahutAyata se lage haiM unako tor3a liyA jaay| AsAnI se kAma bhI bana jAyagA aura per3a ko bhI vizeSa nukasAna na hogaa| caturtha baMdhu ne sujhAva diyA ki zAkhAoM ko tor3anA ThIka nhiiN| phala ke gucche hI tor3a liye jaaye| phala to gucchoM meM hI haiM aura hameM phala hI khAne haiN| gucche tor3anA hI ucita hogaa| paMcama baMdha ne dhIme se kahA ki gacche toDane kI bhI AvazyakatA nahIM hai| gucche meM to kacce-pakke sabhI taraha ke phala hoNge| hamako pakke mIThe phala khAne haiN| per3a ko jhakajhora do paripakva rasIle phala nIce gira pdd'eNge| hama maje se khA leNge| chaThe baMdhu ne RjutA bharI bolI meM sabako samajhAyA kyoM bicAre per3a ko kATate ho, bAr3hate ho, tor3ate ho, jhakajhorate ho! dekho! jamIna para Age se hI aneka pake pakAye phala svayaM nipatita hokara par3e haiN| uThAo aura khaao| vyartha meM vRkSa ko koI kSati kyoM pahu~cAte ho ? grAmaghAtaka dRSTAnta - corA gAmavahatthaM, viNiggayA ego beMti ghaaeh| jaM pecchaha savvaM vA dupayaM ca cauppayaM vaavi|| biio mANusa purise ya, taio sAuhe cautthe y|
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________________ anekAnta 68/3, julAI-sitambara, 2015 paMcamao jujhaMte, chaTho puNa tatthiyaM bhnni|| ekkaM tA haraha dhaNaM, bIyaM mAreha mA kaNaha eyN| kevala haraha ghaNaMtI, uvasaMhAro imo tesiN|| savve mAreha ttI, vaTTai so kinnhlesprinnaamo| evaM kameNa sesA, jA caramo sukklesaae| chaH DAka kisI grAma ko lUTane ke liye jA rahe the| chahoM ke mana meM lezyAjanita apane-apane pariNAmoM ke anusAra bhinna-bhinna vicAra jAgRta hue| unhoMne grAma ko lUTane ke lie alaga-alaga vicAra rakhe- unase unake lezyA pariNAmoM kA anumAna kiyA jA sakatA hai| prathama DAkU kA prastAva rahA ki jo koI manuSya yA pazu apane sAmane Ave- una sabako mAra denA caahie| dvitIya DAkU ne kahA- pazuoM ko mArane se kyA lAbha? manuSyoM ko mAranA cAhie jo apanA virodha kara sakate haiN| tRtIya DAkU ne sujhAyA- striyoM kA hanana mata karo, duSTa puruSoM kA hI hanana karanA caahie| caturtha DAkU kA prastAva thA ki pratyeka puruSa kA hanana nahIM karanA cAhie? jo puruSa zastra sajjita hoM unhIM ko mAranA caahie| paMcama DAkU bolA- zastra sahita puruSa jo sAmanA kare unako hI maaro| chaThe DAkU ne samajhAyA ki apanA matalaba dhana lUTane se hai to dhana lUTeM, mAreM kyoM? dUsare kA dhana chInanA tathA kisI ko jAna se mAranA-donoM mahAdoSa haiN| ataH unheM lUTa leM lekina mAreM kisI ko nhiiN| uparokta donoM dRSTAMta lezyA pariNAmoM ko samajhane ke liye sthUla dRSTAnta hai| ye donoM dRSTAnta digambara-zvetAmbara donoM sampradAyoM meM pracalita haiN| ataH pratIta hotA hai ki ye dRSTAnta paramparA se pracalita haiN| . AgamoM meM lezyA para vivecana vibhinna apekSAoM se kiyA gayA haiM bhagavaI aura paNNAvaNAsutta meM eka samAna gAthA hai "pariNAma-vanna-rasa-gandha-suddha-apasattha-saMkliT-huNDA gi-prinnaam-peso-gaah-vggnnaa-tttthaannmppbhu|'29 AgamoM ke pariNAma-varNa-rasa-gandha-zuddha-aprazasta-saMkliSTa-uSNa-gati - saMkramaNa- pradeza-avagAhana-vargaNA-sthAna-alpabahulva- ina 15 prakAra se
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________________ anekAnta 68/3, julAI-sitambara, 2015 lezyA kA vivecana hai| nikSepa kI apekSA se bhI vivecana hai | 30 cAro gatiyoM meM lezyA kI taratamatA uttarAdhyayana, gomaTasAra evaM mUlAcAra Adi granthoM ke anusAra cAroM gatiyoM meM lezyA kI taratamatA isa prakAra sandarbhita hai - 43 1. narakagati- ratnaprabhAdi naraka kI bhUmiyoM meM jaghanya kApotI, madhyama kApotI, utkRSTa kApotI lezyA tathA nArakI jIvoM kA varNa jaghanya nIla, madhyama nIla, utkRSTa nIla tathA jaghanya kRSNa varNa aura utkRSTa kRSNa varNa vAlI lezyA hai| lezyAkoza ke anusAra isa viSaya meM aura bhI anusaMdhAna karane kI AvazyakatA hai| 2. devagati - bhavanavAsI Adi devoM ke jaghanya tejo lezyA hai| do svargoM meM madhyama tejo lezyA hai, do meM utkRSTa tejolezyA hai, jaghanya padmalezyA hai, chaH meM madhyama padmalezyA hai, do meM utkRSTa padmalezyA hai| aura jaghanya zukla lezyA hai, teraha meM madhyama zukla lezyA hai aura caudaha vimAnoM meM carama zukla lezyA hai| 3. tiryaMca aura manuSyagati - ekendrI, asaMjJI paMcendrI ke tIna azubha lezyA hotI hai, asaMkhyAta varSa kI Ayu vAle bhogabhUmi yA kubhogabhUmi yA jIvoM tIna zubha lezyA hai aura bAkI ke karmabhUmi yA manuSya tiryaMcoM ke chaho lezyA hotI hai|" guNasthAnoM meM lezyA jainendra siddhAnta koza bhAga-3 ke anusAra kRSNa lezyA, nIla lezyA aura kApota lezyA vAle jIva ekendriya se lekara asaMyata samyagdRSTi guNasthAna taka hote haiN| pItalezyA aura padmalezyA vAle jIva saMjJI mithyAdRSTi se lekara apramatta saMyata guNasthAna taka hote haiN| zukla lezyAvAle jIva saMjJI mithyAdRSTi se lekara sayogakevalI guNasthAna taka hote haiN| terahaveM guNasthAna ke Age ke sabhI jIva lezyArahita hote haiM / 2 lezyA parivartana sambandhI niyama prajJApanAsutta ke anusAra eka lezyA dUsarI lezyA ke dravyoM kA saMyoga pAkara usa rUpa, varNa, gandha, rasa tathA sparza rUpa meM pariNata hotI hai| vaha usakI lezyAgati kahalAtI hai| azubha lezyA sambandhI tIvratama, tIvratara aura tIvra- ye tIna sthAna aura zubha lezyA sambandhI manda, mandatara, mandatama- ye tIna sthAna haiN|
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________________ 44 anekAnta 68/3, julAI-sitambara, 2015 - kRSNa, nIla, kApota- ina tIna azubha lezyAoM ko utkRSTa, madhyama, jaghanya aMza rUpa meM yaha Atmakrama se saMkleza kI hAni hone se pariNamana karatA hai| uttarottara saMkleza pariNAmoM kI vRddhi hone se yaha AtmA kApota se nIla aura nIla se kRSNa lezyA rUpa pariNamana karatA hai| isa taraha yaha jIva saMkleza kI hAni aura vRddhi kI apekSA se tIna azubha lezyA rUpa pariNamana karatA hai| uttarottara vizuddhi hone se yaha AtmA pIta, padma, zukla- ina zubha lezyAoM ke jaghanya, madhyama, utkRSTa aMza rUpa pariNamana karatA hai| vizuddhi hAni hone se utkRSTa se jaghanya paryanta zukla, padma, pIta lezyArUpa pariNamana karatA hai| pariNAmoM kI palaTana ko saMkramaNa kahate haiM usake do bheda haiM- svasthAna, parasthAna sNkrmnn| kRSNa aura zukla meM vRddhi kI apekSA svasthAna saMkramaNa hI hotA hai aura hAni kI apekSA donoM saMkramaNa hote haiM tathA zeSa cAra lezyAoM meM svasthAna parasthAna donoM saMkramaNa sambhava hai| svasthAna kI apekSA lezyAoM ke utkRSTa sthAna ke samIpavartI pariNAma utkRSTa sthAna ke pariNAma se ananta bhAga hAnirUpa hai tathA svasthAna kI apekSA se hI jaghanya sthAna ke samIpavartI sthAna kA pariNAma jaghanya sthAna se ananta bhAga vRddhirUpa hai| sampUrNa lazyAoM ke jaghanya sthAna se yadi hAni ho to niyama se ananta guNa hAni rUpa parasthAna saMkramaNa hotA hai| jainetara granthoM meM lezyA ke samatulya-sandarbha mahAbhArata meM- lezyA se milatI-julatI bhAvanA mahAbhArata ke zAntiparva meM milatI hai| jahA~ jagat ke saba jIvoM ke varNa-raMga ke anusAra chaH bhedoM meM vibhakta kiyA gayA hai SaD jIvavarNAH paramaM pramANaM kRSNo dhUmro nIlamathAsya mdhym| raktaM punaH sahyataraM sukhaM tu hAridravarNa susukhaM ca shuklm| arthAt jIva chaH varNa vAle hote haiM- kRSNa, dhUmra, nIla, rakta, hAridra tathA shukl| kRSNa varNa vAle jIva ko sabase kama sukha, dhUmra karma vAle jIva ko usase adhika sukha aura nIla vAle ko madhyama sukha hotA hai| rakta varNa vAle jIva kA sukha-duHkha sahane yogya hotA hai| hAridra (pIle) varNa vAle
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________________ anekAnta 68/3, julAI-sitambara, 2015 jIva sukhI hote haiM tathA zuklavarNa vAle parama sukhI hote haiN| jIvoM ke chaH voM kA varNana parama pramANita mAnA jAtA hai| sattva, rajasa, tamasa guNa ke nyUnAdhikatA ke AdhAra para raMgoM kA varNana hai| jIva ke lezyA-samaya evaM sthAna kA varNana hai jo jainadarzana se tulanA karane kA acchA viSaya hai| gItA ke 16veM adhyAya meM prANiyoM kI AsurI evaM daivIya prakRti batalAI gaI hai usameM daivIya guNa mokSa ke hetu haiM aura AsurI guNa bandhana ke heta haiN| bauddha granthoM meM dIghanikAyapAli meM AjIvaka sampradAya ke AcArya makkhaligozAlaka ke saMsAravizuddhivAda meM evaM aMguttaranikAya meM pUraNakazyapa ke akriyAvAda meM chaH jIva-bhedoM kA vargIkaraNa hai| inake anusAra kRSNa, nIla, lohita, haridra, zukla aura paramazukla- ye chaH abhijAtiyAM hai| aMguttaranikAya ke chalabhijAtisutta ke anusAra kRSNa abhijAti meM AjIvaka sampradAya se itara sampradAyoM ke gRhastha ko, nIla abhijAti meM nirgrantha aura AjIvaka zramaNoM ke atirikta anya zramaNoM ko, lohita abhijAti meM nirgrantha zramaNoM ko, haridra abhijAti meM AjIvaka gRhasthoM ko, zukla abhijAti meM AjIvaka zramaNoM ko aura paramazukla abhijAti meM gozAlaka Adi AjIvaka sampradAya ke praNetA varga ko rakhA gyaa| yaha vargIkaraNa pUraNakazyapa dvArA pratipAdita hai|" pUraNakazyapa ke dRSTikoNa kI samAlocanA karate hue tathAgata buddha Ananda se kahate haiM ki prazasta aura aprazasta manobhAva tathA kama ke AdhAra para mAnava jAti ko kRSNa aura zukla varga meM rakhA jaay| jo krUrakarmI haiM ve kRSNa abhijAti ke haiM aura jo zubhakarmI haiM ve zukla abhijAti ke haiN|" inheM bhI guNakarma ke AdhAra para tIna-tIna bhAgoM meM bAMTA gyaa| jainAgama meM bhI prathamataH do bhAgoM meM bAMTa kara pratyeka ke tIna-tIna vibhAga kie ge| tathAgata buddha ke anusAra varNa kI apekSA kRSNa-zukla ke AdhAra para chaH abhijAtiyAM isa prakAra haiM1. kRSNa abhijAti kRSNa dharma karane vaalii| 2. kRSNa abhijAti zukla dharma karane vaalii| 3. kRSNaabhijAti akRSNa-azukla nirvANa dharma karane vaalii| 4. zukla abhijAti kRSNadharma karane vaalii|
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________________ anekAnta 68/3, julAI-sitambara, 2015 5. zukla abhijAti zukla dharma karane vaalii| 6. zukla abhijAti akRSNa-azukla dharma karane vaalii| pAtaMjala yogadarzana meM yogI ke karma tathA dUsaroM kA citta kRSNa, azukla- akRSNa tathA zukla-aisA trividha pAtaMjala yoga 4/7 meM varNita hai-"karmAzuklA-kRSNaM yoginstrividhmitressaam|" vahIM dUsarI ora vyavahAra meM yadi lezyA ke dvArA vyakti ke vyaktitva ko samajhA jA sakatA haikRSNA lezyA ke dvArA- ArauidraH sadA krodhI, matsaro dharmavarjitaH, nirdayI, vaira saMyukto, kRSNA lezyA yuto nr| nIlalezyA ke dvArA- Alasyo maMdabuddhizca, strIlubdhazca pravaMcakaH, kAtaraSThaca sadAmAnI, nIla leSThayA yato nrH| kApota lezyA ke dvArA- zokAkulaH sadAruSTaH, paraniMdA aatm-prshNkH| saMgrAme prArthayate mRtyu, kApota lezyAyuto nrH| pIta lezyA ke dvArA- prabuddhaH karuNAyuktaH, kaaryaakaaryvicaarkH| lAbhAlAbhe sadAprItiH, pItalezyA yuto nrH| padamalezyA ke vicAra- dayAzIlaH sadA tyAgI, devatArcanatatparaH, zucimUrtaH sadAnandaH, padmalezyA yuto nrH| zukla lezyA ke vicAra- rAgadveSavinirmuktaH, shoknindaavivrjitH| paramAtmabhAvasampannaH zukla lezyA yuto nrH|| Aja lezyA siddhAnta kA viSaya raha gayA hai| Aja vyavahArika pahala para Colour-Philosophy kI prayoga vidhi kI AvazyakatA hai| saMdarbha : ' SaTlezyA-muni zrI 108 svabhAvasagara jI mahArAja avataraNikA, prakAzaka- sakala digambara jaina samAja RSabhadeva (kezariyAjI) jilA-udayapura, 8.9 2 paNNAvaNAsutta 13/2 __ ThANAMga 1/51 * jaina lakSaNAvalI-bhAga 3, bAlacanda siddhAntazAstrI pR. 970, prakAzaka- vIra-sevA-mandira, 21, dariyAgaMja, naI dillI-2, san 1979 abhidhAna rAjendra koza, khaNDa-6, pR. 675 * gommaTTasAra, jIvakANDa-489' saMskRta zabdArtha kaustubha, pR. 967 * jaina, bauddha tathA gItA ke AcAradarzanoM kA tulanAtmaka adhyayana, DaoN. sAgaramala jaina, pR. 514 * darzana aura cintana, bhAga-2, paSTa 112 10 gommaTasAra 489/894/12, sarvArthasiddhi 2/6/159/10 " SaTakhaNDAgama 136
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________________ anekAnta 68/3, julAI-sitambara, 2015 12 gommaTTasAra, jIvakANDa, 494-495 13 gommaTasAra, jIvakANDa, 704-705 14 darzana aura cintana- bhAga-2, paM. sukhalAla jI, gujarAta vidyA sabhA, ahamadAbAda, 1957, pR. 297 15 paMcasaMgraha prAkata 1/183-184 16 sarvArthasiddhi 2/6/159/11 17 gommaTasAra, jIvakANDa, 536 18 lezyAkoza, pR. 31 19 tiloyapaNNatti 2/295-296, gommaTasAra- 509-510, uttarAdhyayana 34/21-22 20 tiloyapaNNatti 2/297-298, rAjavArtika 4/22/11/239/26, uttarAdhyayana 24/23-24 21 uttarAdhyayana 39/25-26 22 rAjavArtika 4/212/10/239/29, gommaTasAra 515/922, uttarAdhyayanasUtra 39/27-28 23 uttarAdhyayana 39/29-30 24 uttarAdhyayana sUtra 34/31-32 25 paMcasaMgraha prAkRta 1/153, go. jI. 556 Ava. a 4, sU. 6, hAri. TIkA 27 gojI. gA. 506-7, pR. 182 28 Ava. a 4, sU. 6, hAri. TIkA 29 lezyAkoza, pR. 17 330 lezyAkoza, pR. 19 1 mUlAcAra-vaTTakera svAmI, 1134-1137 32 jainendrasiddhAntakoza-jinendravarNI, bhAga-3, pR. 441 33 gommaTasAra jIvakANDa 499-50334 mahAbhArata zAntiparva, 280/33 35 gItA, gItA presa, gorakhapura, 161/5-6 36 aMguttaranikAya, mahAvagga-6, 3 uchalabhijAtisutta, lezyAkoza, pR. 250 38 SaDlezyA-bhAvAbhivyakti, pR. 16 - 3/65, vikAsa khaNDa, gomatInagara, lakhanaU-226010 (u.pra.)
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________________ 48 anekAnta 68/3, julAI-sitambara, 2015 gAMdhI aura jainadarzana - pro. baccharAja dUgar3ha ahiMsA, jaina darzana aura gAMdhI paraspara kucha arthoM meM samAna dRSTigocara hote haiN| yaha bhI kahA jA sakatA hai ki ye tInoM paraspara samAnAntara artha hI nahIM rakhate apitu ahiMsA, jainadarzana aura gAMdhI kaI arthoM meM eka-dUsare ke binA apUrNa haiN| jaina darzana ahiMsA, aparigraha aura anekAnta ke mUla AdhAroM para AdhArita hai,' vahIM gAMdhI darzana ke mUlAdhAra svadharma, svadezI va svarAja haiN|" isa lekhana meM yaha prayAsa kiyA gayA hai ki jaina darzana ke prAcIna siddhAntoM ko gAMdhI dvArA jina navIna rUpoM meM apanAyA gayA, unheM vaizvika paridRzya meM acchI taraha se samajhA jA ske| jainadharma ke vibhinna siddhAntoM kA sAmAjika, sAMskRtika va Arthika AdhAra yaha spaSTa karegA ki gAMdhI para jaina darzana kA prabhAva thaa| yaha bhI kahA jA sakatA hai ki gAMdhI ne jainadarzana/ dharma ke katipaya siddhAntoM kI saiddhAntika aura vyAvahArika stara para mAnavIya aura paryAvaraNIya samasyAoM ke samAdhAna ke rUpa meM vyAkhyA kii| jainadharma, gAMdhI aura ahiMsA : jainadharma meM ahiMsA ko bahuta sUkSmatA se vizleSita kiyA gayA hai| yahA~ ahiMsA kA artha kevala 'nahIM mArane' taka hI sImita nahIM hai| jaina darzana meM mana, vacana aura zarIra se kisI bhI prakAra kA kaSTa na pahuMcAne para bala diyA gayA hai|' AcArAMgasUtra meM kahA gayA hai- ahiMsaka vyakti na hI prANiyoM kI hatyA karatA hai, na karavAtA hai aura na hI hatyA karavAne kI anumodanA karatA hai|' ahiMsA pUrNa jAgarUkatA hI avasthA hai|' ahiMsA kI yaha samagra vyAkhyA vaizvika sAmaMjasya kI vyAkhyA karatI hai jisameM manuSya aura prakRti sammilita hai| manuSya ke lie jahA~ ahiMsA kA sambandha pravRtti aura abhiprAya se hai vahIM prakRti ke lie ahiMsA prANImAtra ke prati sammAna hai| sAmAjika-sAMskRtika rUpa meM ahiMsA kA tAtparya usa vyavahAra se hai jo sabhI prakAra ke zoSaNa se mukta ho / kisI bhI prakAra kA zoSaNa, cAhe vaha sthUla ho yA sUkSma, krodha, mAna, mAyA aura lobha kI vRttiyoM dvArA hI prerita hotA hai|' samAja meM azAMti ke mUla meM inhIM kaSAyoM kI upasthiti kAma
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________________ anekAnta 68/3, julAI-sitambara, 2015 karatI hai| kaSAyoM ke upazamana ke lie vyaktigata prayAsa aura jAgarUkatA hI ve sAdhana haiM jo eka ahiMsaka samAja kI saMracanA meM sahAyatA kara sakate haiN| 49 gAMdhI ne likhA thA- "jaina dharma ke atirikta duniyA meM aisA koI dUsarA dharma nahIM hai, jisane ahiMsA kI itanI gaharI aura vyavasthita vyAkhyA jIvana meM anuprayoga ke sAtha kI ho|' jaina darzana kA kendriya siddhAnta ahiMsA hai, gAMdhI darzana bhI isI para AdhArita hai| gAMdhI ne eka rAjanaitika sakriyatAvAda kA siddhAnta vikasita kiyA jise 'satyAgraha' kahA jAtA hai, pUrNataH satya aura ahiMsA para hI AdhArita hai| satyAgraha ko " asahayoga" aura " niSkriya pratirodha" ke rUpa meM bhI anudita kiyA gyaa| gAMdhI ne kahA'satyAgraha nizcita rUpa se satyavAdiyoM kA hathiyAra hai| eka satyAgrahI ahiMsA kA kaThoratA se pAlana karane kI pratijJA karatA hai .... / ' ' sAmAjika-sAMskRtika DhAMce meM gAMdhI ahiMsA kI apanI samajha meM hiMsA ke rUpoM kI carcA karate haiN| ve hiMsA ke do rUpa svIkArate haiM- pratyakSa aura apratyakSa hiMsA / pratyakSa hiMsA zArIrika, dRzya aura kartA kendrita hai jisakA pariNAma zArIrika coTa, mRtyu evaM aMtima pariNati ke rUpa meM yuddha hai| hiMsA kA dUsarA rUpa apratyakSa hai yaha sahajatayA dRzyamAna nahIM hai| apratyakSa hiMsA ko saMracanAtmaka hiMsA bhI kahA jAtA hai| yaha vyavasthA para AdhArita hotI hai| sAmAnyataH sAmAjika-Arthika jIvana meM kisI na kisI rUpa meM yaha vidyamAna rahatI hai| gAMdhI kI viziSTatA isI meM hai ki unake saMvedanazIla mastiSka ne hiMsA ke usa sUkSma svarUpa ko bhalI taraha samajhA ho sahaja rUpa dRSTavya nahIM kintu vaha samAja meM vibhinna prakAra ke zoSaNa ke rUpa , meM vyApaka rUpa se vidyamAna hai| gAMdhI ne purajora isa bAta ko svIkAra kiyA ki vartamAna sAmAjika-sAMskRtika DhAMce meM zoSaNa hI hiMsA kA mUla kAraNa hai| gAMdhI ne samAja meM vyApta zoSaNa ke vibhinna prakAroM aura sAdhanoM kI vyAkhyA kI, jaise adhi kAryabhAra kArya kI amAnavIya dazAeM, nyUnatama majadUrI nahIM diyA jAnA, mUlabhUta AvazyakatAoM kI pUrti (jaise- bhojana, AvAsa, kapar3A, svaccha pAnI, paryAvaraNa, zikSA, cikitsakIya suvidhA ) kA abhAva, kAma karane ke avasaroM kA abhAva, bAla zrama, laiMgika anyAya, mAnavIya adhikAroM kA hanana aadi| zoSaNa ke ye sabhI rUpa saMracanAtmaka hiMsA ke vyApaka rUpa haiN| isalie jaba gAMdhI ahiMsaka vizva vyavasthA kI "
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________________ 50 anekAnta 68/3, julAI-sitambara, 2015 bAta karate haiM to unakA uddezya samAja ke pratyakSa va apratyakSa- donoM prakAra kI hiMsA ko samApta karanA thaa| __hiMsA ke abhAva kI sthiti ko hI zAMti nahIM kahA jA sakatA hai| zAMti kI saMskRti athavA samAja meM zAMti kI sthApanA tabhI ho sakatI hai jaba jIvana ke prati sammAna, karuNA, dayA, abhaya, maitrI Adi ke rUpa meM pallavita ho| dUsare zabdoM meM, jahAM sabhI kA utthAna ho, gAMdhI jise sarvodaya kahate haiN| ata: gAMdhI aura jainadarzana ke anusAra ahiMsA sadguNoM kI sthApanA aura durguNoM kA unmUlana hai| sadguNoM kA vikAsa jIvana meM svecchika rUpa se svIkRta vratoM ke pAlana se hotA hai| 18 varSa kI Ayu meM gAMdhI jaba vakAlata kI paDhAI karane iMglaiNDa jA rahe the taba unakI mA~ unheM iMglaiNDa bhejane meM hicakicA rahI thii| unhoMne suna rakhA thA- yuvA, vivAhita vyakti jaba iMglaiNDa gaye to ve bhraSTa ho gye| usa samaya gAMdhI kI mA~ ne jaina saMta becarajI svAmI se parAmarza kiyaa| unhoMne kahA- gAMdhI videza jAne se pUrva mA~ ke samakSa kucha vrata grahaNa kareM tabhI unheM videza gamana kI anumati dI jA skegii| gAMdhI ne pratijJA lI- maiM videza meM mAMsa, madirA aura parastrIgamana kA tyAga karatA huuN| vrata grahaNa karane para hI merI mA~ ne mujhe jAne kI anumati dii|' ina vratoM evaM kucha anya bAtoM ke kAraNa se maiM samaya bacA sakA jisase mujhe dharmagranthoM ke gaMbhIra adhyayana kA avakAza milaa| icchAparimANa, svadezI va svarAja jaina darzana aura gAMdhI donoM hI Arthika vikAsa ke virodhI nahIM hai| usa Arthika vikAsa se koI hAni nahIM hai jo naitika patana aura sAMskRtika girAvaTa se achUtA ho| isIlie Arthika kriyAoM kA niSedha nahIM hai yadi ve prAkRtika evaM sAmAjika bAdhyatAoM ke anurUpa hoN| donoM hI vicAradhArAoM meM arthazAstra gahana rUpa se naitikatA se saMbaddha rahA hai| satata vikAsa kA lakSya tabhI pUrA ho sakatA hai jaba mAnavIya gatividhiyAM manuSya va prakRti ke sAtha sAmaMjasya rakhakara saMpAdita kI jaaeN| icchAparimANa, icchAoM kA vilopana nahIM apitu icchAoM kA alpIkaraNa hai| isa sImAkaraNa kA mUla uddezya yadyapi AdhyAtmika utthAna hai kintu isakA pariNAma sAmAjika va Arthika vikAsa ke rUpa meM bhI spaSTa dRSTigocara hotA hai|
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________________ 51 anekAnta 68/3, julAI-sitambara, 2015 ___ gAMdhI yuga meM AdhunikIkaraNa aura vikAsa kI avadhAraNA, ephro-eziyana dezoM- jo yUropiyana zAsana se mukta hue the, kI prabhutva vAlI vicAradhArA ke rUpa meM udbhuta huii| ina dezoM ke mukhya uddezya the 1. tIvra Arthika vikAsa evaM 2. pAzcAtya pratimAna ke anukaraNa meM sAmAjika privrtn| ina lakSyoM kI pUrti ke prayAsoM ne bhArata kI sAmAjika, Arthika saMracanA tathA AdhyAtmika saMpadA ke vidhvaMsa kA khatarA utpanna kara diyaa| aisA isalie huA kyoMki yaha vikAsa sattA, lAbha aura bhautika sukha ke AdhAroM para avalaMbita thaa| vikAsa ke isa pratimAna ke viruddha gAMdhI ne zarIra zrama, Atma-saMyama tathA sadaguNajanita sarala grAmINa jIvana kI vakAlata kii| svadezI kI avadhAraNA kA uddezya zarIra zrama, prAkRtika saMsAdhanoM ke prayoga tathA svaprabaMdhana kI rAjanaitika saMracanA ke dvArA Arthika AtmanirbharatA va pUrNa rojagAra kI sthiti ko prApta karanA thaa| gAMdhI ne jisa svarAja kI avadhAraNA prastuta kI, vaha icchA parimANa ke siddhAnta para AdhArita hai| kahA gayA hai- "svarAja ke lie AtmasaMyama, anuzAsita-vyavahAra aura vyakti meM samudAya ke sabhI sadasyoM ke prati dAyitvabodha kI cetanA Avazyaka hai| 14 Arthika vikAsa kI yaha avadhAraNA aneka saMdarbho meM prAsaMgika hai jisameM pRthvI kI surakSA evaM nyAyaparaka jIvanakSama vizvavyavasthA kA udbhava bhI sammilita hai| samatA tathA AtmapIr3ana ke prati gAMdhI kA tarka : ____ pAzcAtya dArzanikoM ne bauddhikatA ko manuSya kI eka pramukha vizeSatA ke rUpa meM svIkAra kiyA hai| sigamaMDa phrAiDa jinhoMne manuSya ko bhAvoM ke saMbandha meM vizleSita kiyA; ke bAda hI yaha kahA gayA ki manuSya jitanA bauddhika prANI ke sAtha bhAvAtmaka prANI bhI hai| samatA sat kI sarvocca avasthA hai jo sAmAnya bhAva sthiti se uparata hai tatha jo rAga aura dveSa se saMbandhita hai| takanIkI rUpa se yaha moha vijaya kI avasthA hai, jisameM icchAeM zUnya ho jAtI haiN| vyAvahArika rUpa meM yaha eka ahiMsaka upakrama hai jo karuNA, kSamA aura dUsaroM ke utthAna se sampanna hai|
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________________ anekAnta 68/3, julAI-sitambara, 2015 AtmapIDana jisakA prayoga satyAgraha meM bhI kiyA jAtA hai; ke lie gAMdhI kA tarka virodhiyoM ke tarkoM ko kATane kI tarkapUrNa raNanIti ke rUpa meM prayukta kiyA jAnA hai|" dUsaroM ko samajhane ke lie kevala tarka para bala denA aparyApta hai| gAMdhI ke zabdoM meM- yadi tuma vAstava kucha mahatvapUrNa karanA cAhate ho to tumheM kevala tarka ko hI saMtuSTa nahIM karanA hai, tumheM hRdaya taka praveza karanA hogA / tarka kA sambandha mastiSka se hai| hRdaya meM praveza kaSTa sahane se hotA hai| isase eka vyakti ko bhItara se pahacAnane kI zurUAta hotI hai|" isa prakAra samatA aura AtmapIr3ana dUsaroM ko samajhane ke lie ucca avasthAeM haiN| kaI arthoM meM ye rUpAMtaraNa ke sAdhana ke rUpa meM prayukta hotI hai| anekAnta aura saMgharSamukta saMskRti : anekAnta sat ke vibhinna rUpoM kA siddhAnta hai| dUsaroM ke vicAroM ko jAnane ke lie jainadarzana ne anekAnta ke siddhAnta para bala diyaa| ruci, vicAra aura vyavahAra meM virodha saMgharSa kA mUla kAraNa hai|" jaina darzana yaha svIkAra karatA hai - mAnavIya samajha meM ina virodhoM ko dUra karanA yA samApta karanA AsAna nahIM hai| svayaM ke dRSTikoNa ke AdhAra para virodhI vicAroM kI anadekhI nahIM kI jAnI cAhie apitu matoM kI vibhinnatA kA galata aura sahI kA dAvA kiye binA sammAna honA caahie| 52 gAMdhI ne 1926 meM likhA thA- "maiM apane dRSTikoNa se sadaiva satya hotA hU~ aura kaI bAra mere AlocakoM ke dRSTikoNa se glt| maiM jAnatA hU~ ki hama donoM hI apane-apane dRSTikoNoM se sahI haiN| 19 anekAnta pratyeka vyakti ke dRSTikoNa ko samAna mahattva detI hai| dUsare ko samajhane meM yadyapi kucha dRSTa evaM kucha pRSTha hote haiM kintu vahAM kabhI bhI koI hAtha Upara nahIM hotA hai| isIlie vahAM virodhI vicAroM ke prati bhI paryApta sammAna hotA hai| gAMdhI kahate haiM- " maiM sat ke vibhinna rUpoM ke isa siddhAnta ko bahuta pasaMda karatA huuN| yaha vaha siddhAnta hai jisane mujhe eka musalamAna ko usake dRSTikoNa se, eka IsAI ko usake dRSTikoNa se samajhanA sikhaayaa| jainadarzana ke dharAtala para maiM Izvara ke akartA rUpa ko pramANita karatA hU~ aura rAmAnuja darzana ke dharAtala para Izvara ke kartA rUpa ko| vastutaH to hama sabhI satya ke sambandha hama avicAraNIya para vicAra karate haiM, avarNanIya kI vyAkhyA karate haiM, anAma ko jAnane kI icchA karate
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________________ 53 anekAnta 68/3, julAI-sitambara, 2015 haiM, isIlie hamArI bhASA mithyA hotI hai, aparyApta hotI hai aura prAyaH virodhAbhAsI bhii| antataH yaha kahA jA sakatA hai ki jaina darzana ke ahiMsA, aparigraha va anekAnta tathA gAMdhI ke svadharma, svadezI va svarAja kI avadhAraNA jIvana ke lie nayA dRSTikoNa hai| ye samagra rUpa se eka navIna mAnava jIvana kI saMracanA prastuta karate haiN| hamArI jIvana zailI ko saMyamita karate haiM tathA eka navIna vizva vyavasthA ke nirmANa kA AdhAra prastuta karate haiN| isameM prakRti ke prati premapUrNa vyavahAra, mAnavIya garimA kA sammAna tathA saMgharSoM kA zAMtipUrNa samAdhAna sammilita hai| ****** saMdarbha : 1. AcArya mahAprajJa, jainadarzana ke mUla tattva, Adarza sAhitya saMgha, dillI, 2001 pR. 19-21 2. Ali Asaraf, Gandhian Approach to Sustainable Development (Gandhism after Gandhi) Mittal Publication, New Delhi, 1999, p.17 3. dasavaiAliyaM, jinadAsacUrNi, pR. 20 evaM zrI bhikSu Agama viSayakoza, saMpAdaka-AcArya mahAprajJa, jaina vizvabhAratI saMsthAna, lADanUM, 1996, pR. 76 4. AcArya mahAprajJa, TIkAkAra-AcArAMga, bhASya, jaina vizvabhAratI, lADanUM, 2001, 3.46 5. AcArya tulasI, jaina siddhAnta dIpikA, Adarza sAhitya saMgha, curU, adhyAya-6 6. vizeSAvazyaka bhASya, gAthA 2990-91 evaM zrI bhikSu Agama viSayakoza, saMpAdaka-AcArya mahAprajJa, jaina vizvabhAratI, lADanUM, 1996, pR.196 7. http/jainismus.hubpages.com/hub/Gandhi-and-Jainism 8. Gandhi M.K., An Autobiography or the Story of My Experiments with Truth, Navajivan Publishing House, Ahmedabad, 1990 p.226 9. same. 10. zobhAcandra bhArilla (saMpA.), anuvAda-munizrI pravINaRSi jI mahArAja, praznavyAkaraNa, zrI Agama prakAzana samiti, byAvara, 2000, 2.107, pR.159 11. Gandhi M.K., An Autobiography or the Story of My Experiments with Truth, Navajivan Publishing House, Ahmedabad, 1990; p.33; Romain Rolland, Mahatma Gandhi Published in Great Britain, 1924, p. 4 12. AvazyakasUtra, pR. 22 evaM zrI bhikSu Agama viSayakoza, saMpAdaka- AcArya mahAprajJa, jaina vizvabhAratI saMsthAna, lADanUM, 1996 pR. 625
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________________ 54 anekAnta 68/3, julAI-sitambara, 2015 13. Ali Asaraf, Gandhian Approach to Sustainable Development (Gandhism after Gandhi) Mittal Publication, New Delhi, 1999, p. 13 14. Bhatt, Siddharth; Shukla, Dinesh, Gandhi & Peace, Devvrat Pathak Memorial Trust, Ahmedabad, p.93 15. AcArya kundakunda, pravacanasAra, saMpAdaka-hukumacanda bhArilla, 16. Bondurant, Conquest of Violence, p. 227-229; 17.Sharp, Gene, The Positics of Nonviolent Action, Porter Sargent Publishers, Boston, 1985, p. 709 18. Sills, David L, International Encyclopedia of Social. The Macmillan, New York, 1972, Voll, III, p.236 19. jaina vizva bhAratI, mArca-maI, 2002e pR. 53 20. vahI, pRSTha 53 - adhyakSa, ahiMsA evaM zAMti vibhAga, nidezaka, zodha, jaina vizvabhAratI vizvavidyAlaya, ___ lADanUM (rAjasthAna) Avazyaka sUcanAe~ (1)anekAnta aMka 68/4 (akTU, disa. 2015) "jainadharma evaM Ayurveda vizeSAMka ke rUpa meM prakAzita hogaa| (2)anekAnta-zodha traimAsikI hai| saMpAdaka maNDala ke nirNayAnusAra isameM samAcAra Adi prakAzita nahIM kiye jAte haiN| (3)vidvAna lekhakoM se anurodha hai ki ve apane aprakAzita evaM maulika zodhAlekha I-mela athavA kampyUTara TAIpa meM hI bhejeN| hAtha se sulekha meM likhA bhI bhejA jA sakatA hai, parantu phoTo kApI vAle lekhoM para vicAra karanA sambhava nahIM hogA kyoMki ve prAyaH aspaSTa hote haiN| (4) kRpayA anekAnta ke lie bhejA gayA lekha anyatra jaina patrikAoM meM taba taka na bhejeM jaba taka usakI asvIkRti kI sUcanA Apako na mila jaaye| lekha ke prakAzita hone meM kama se kama chaha mAha se eka varSa kA samaya laga sakatA hai| (5) anekAnta ke isa aMka se AcArya paM. jugalakizora 'mukhtAra' saMsthApaka vIra sevA maMdira ke vyaktitva evaM kRtitva ke sambandha meM, AgAmI pratyeka aMkoM meM sthAyI stambha ke rUpa meM prakAzana sunizcita kiyA gayA hai| inake saMbandha meM pAThaka vidvAnoM ke pAsa koI saMsmaraNa hoM to bhejane kI kRpA kareM ____- saMpAdaka
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________________ anekAnta 68/3, julAI-sitambara, 2015 arjana ke sAtha visarjana ke sUtra uttarAdhyayana ke pariprekSya meM sudhAbhaNDArI jaise-2 mAnava ne vikAsa kiyA, mAnavoM ke samparka meM AyA, vyavahAra prAraMbha huA, vyaktigata cintana ne sAmAjikatA kI ora mor3a liyaa| use susaMskRta evaM jIvana ko vyavasthita banAne ke lie niyamoM kI AvazyakatA huI jo AcAra rUpa mUlyoM va anta meM dharma meM bdlii| mUlya Adarza hai sarvamAnya mAnaka hai dharma se anuprANita AcAra vicAra hai, jo svavikAsa, sarvodaya vikAsa evaM AtmautkarSa meM sahayogI hai| ye iSTa, prayojana, zreya evaM puruSArtha ke viSaya haiM jisameM manuSya sarvocca lakSya kI ora agrasara hotA hai jaise saMyamazIla, satya, ahiMsA, tapa, saralatA dhairya, tyAga aadi| inheM hama vyaktigata mUlya, vyAvahArika, naitika, sAmAjika, rAjanaitika evaM AdhyAtmika mUlyoM meM vibhAjita kara sakate haiM, kyoMki yaha jIvana ke sabhI vyavahAroM ke tAne-bAne se saMgaThita hote haiN| vizva meM koI aisA samAja evaM dharma nahIM hai jisameM AcAra va dharma ke niyamoM kA vidhAna na ho| bhautika jIvana kisI na kisI rUpa meM doSI pAyA jAtA hai| yaha duHkha, ajJAna, apAvana saMvRtiyoM se paripUrNa hai| kArmika baMdhanoM se jakar3A hai| ataH mahAvIra ke upadeza-mUlya svarUpa AgamoM meM saMkalita haiM unhIM meM eka Agama sUtra hai uttraadhyyn| mahAvIra ne nirvANa se pUrva pAvApurI meM uttarAdhyayana kI prarUpaNA kI jisameM 36 adhyayana haiN| jo dharma kathAtmaka, AcArAtmaka, saiddhAntika, upadezAtmaka haiN| vibhinna mUlyoM-vinaya, samatA, kaSAyoM se rakSA, anAsakti, puruSArtha, zIla, ahiMsA, karUNA Adi mUlyoM ko kathAoM va upadeza ke mAdhyama se avagata karAte haiM unhIM meM se eka mUlya hai arjana se visrjn|| arjana kI paribhASA :- tatvArtha sUtra meM arjana mUrchA hai ''mUrchA parigraha"1 bhautika vastuoM ke prati tRSNA va mamatva bhAva rakhanA mUrchA hai| cala, acala sampatti ke adhipatya mamatva kI bhAvanA parigraha hai| "paritaH
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________________ 56 anekAnta 68/3, julAI-sitambara, 2015 gRhati AtmA nAmiti parigraha "2 isa vyutpatti ke anusAra jo AtmA ko sarvatomukhena jakar3a leve vaha parigraha hai| akalaMka deva - bAhyAbhyantaroSadhi saMrakSaNadi vyAprati mUrcchA bAhya evaM AMtarika parigraha ke rakSaNa Adi ke vyApAra ko mUrcchA kahate haiN| bAhya parigraha meM strI puruSa parijanAdicetana, maNi, muktA, vATikA Adi acetana parigraha haiN| Agama meM saMgraha naya se bAhya parigraha se dasa bheda hai kSetra, vAstu, hiraNya, suvarNa, dhana-dhAnya, dAsa - dAsI, kupy-bhaanndd| AmyaMtara parigraha 14 hai- mithyAtva, vedakaSAya aadi| praznavyAkaraNa ke anusAra AtmA ke nija guNoM ko chor3akara krodha lobha Adi bhAvoM ko grahaNa karanA antaraMga parigraha hai| mamatva bhAva se, bhautika vastuoM ko saMgraha karanA bAhya parigraha hai| parisamantAta grasati iti parigraha * bAhya - Abhyantara jo pudgala ke prati mUrcchA jIva ko saba taraha se DasatI/ grasatI hai vaha parigraha hai| parigraha - parigrahaNa, pari se artha Dhera, vipula, sampUrNa vastuoM kA grahaNa karanA arjana hai|' yaha jar3acetana, rUpI-arUpI, sthUla va aNu kisI bhI prakAra kI vastu se ho sakatA hai| - yaha arjana mahAvRkSa hai jisakI jar3eM tRSNA, AkAMkSA icchA hai| zAkhAyeM- lobha, IrSyA, hiMsA, kapaTa hai| yaha arjana vibhAvoM kA mUla hai| * arjana se manuSya aneka Arambha janaka kArya karatA hai| SaTkAyika jIvoM kA ghAta hotA hai| dharma adharma kA vicAra nahIM krtaa| arjana ke liye narahiMsA, bhUkhe pazu-pakSiyoM kI hiMsA evaM vadha, carbI, haDiyA~, prasAdhanoM ko pAne ke lie karatA hai| * parigraha vAlA koI riztA nAtA nahIM dekhatA / jaisA nItikAra kahate hai ki bhUkhe AdamI ko kucha nahIM sUjhatA / mAtA culI lAkSAgraha meM putra brahmadatta ko jalAne kA kukRtya karatI hai| kaMsa ne pitA ko evaM bahana ko kArAgAra meM ddaalaa| dravyagrahaNa karane ke liye jhUTha bolatA hai| aneka prakAra ke kapaTa milAvaTa, kamataula Adi caura karma karatA hai / dUsare dvArA dhana kA haraNa hone se parigrahI krodha karatA hai, zoka karatA hai, lobha karatA hai, mada karatA hai| dhana ke prati anurAga rati hai| * *
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________________ 57 anekAnta 68/3, julAI-sitambara, 2015 dhanavAna nirdhana kA upahAsa karatA hai| para-nindA, cugalI dUsaroM para saMdeha karatA hai evaM bhayabhIta rahatA hai| mahAparigrahI ko marate vakta bhI ArtadhyAna AtA hai jaise mohammada gajanI hAya merI pyArI daulata mujhase chuTa rahI hai| zAsanakartA rakSaka bhI rizvata, bhraSTAcAra Taiksa corI, atyAcAra karake dharma kI maryAdAoM kA ullaMghana karatA hai| parigraha ko dukha kA mUla batAte hue AcArya zubhacandra jJAnArNava meM likhate hai| saMgAtkAmastataH krodhasta smAdiMsA tayA'zubham tena zvAbhrI gatistasyAM, dukhaM vAcAmagocaram artha-parigraha se kAma hotA hai, kAma se krodha. krodha se hiMsA. hiMsA se pApa aura pApa se narakagati hotI hai| ataH dukhoM kA mUla arjana hai| arjana ke kAraNa :* bhautika samRddhi meM bhI sukha mAnanA / sAdhana sampanna vyakti yahI svarga mAnatA hai| * mandira nirmANa, dAna kI apAra mahimA, pratiSThA, dhArmika kAryo se hI svarga kI prApti kA pralobhana jur3a gayA hai jo dhana ke binA saMbhava nhiiN| * arjana kA tIsarA kAraNa manauvaijJAnika hai| vyakti surakSA cAhatA hai| aMgarakSaka, ghara, savArI Adi zarIra ko ArAmadAyaka banAye rakhane meM sAdhana juTAtA hai| * Aja muThThIbhara logoM kA arjana asaMkhya logoM ko garIbI kA jIvana jIne ke liye vivaza kara rahA hai| padArtha sImita hai| upabhoktA kI AvazyakatA asIma hai| vaha registAna ko phaloM se bharanA cAhatA hai| atyAcAra prAkRta mUla saMsAdhanoM para kara rahA hai| paryAvaraNa kA saMkaTa isI kI upaja hai| mahAvIra ne kahA vaNakamme bhADIkamme, phoDIkamme arthAta jaMgaloM kI kaTAI na ho, bhUmi kA utkhanana na ho| prakRti kI surakSA hamArI surakSA * vartamAna meM sAmAjika mUlyoM se bhI arjana pravRtti prabhAvita huI hai| daheja-prathA, rizvata, bhraSTAcAra, hoDa, raajniiti| yuvA-pIDhI ke kalAkAroM caritravAna, cintanazIla vyaktiyoM kI pahacAna nahIM rhii|
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________________ anekAnta 68/3, julAI-sitambara, 2015 banAvaTIpana kI bhIr3a meM mahAvIra kA ciMtana kahIM kho gayA hai| jIvanamUlya hamAre hAtha se chiTaka gaye hai| visarjana : visarjana kI sAdhanA ke liye mUrchA tor3anI hogI, mahAvIra ne zarIra va AtmA ke bheda vijJAna se hI bAta prArambha kI hai| yadi bAhara bhItara eka sA jInA hai to AtmA zarIra ko pahacAnoM, jJAna baDhAoM, ahiMsaka bno| mahAvIra ne aMhisA se aparigraha (visarjana) kA aNuvrata-mArga, prazasta kiyA hai| paMcama evaM aMtima niyama parigraha parimANa hamArI cala-acala, cetana acetana sampatti kI sImAoM ko nirdhArita karane kA nirdeza detA hai| dUsarA nAma icchA parimANa hai| AMtarika icchAoM ko niyaMtrita va niyamita karane kA nirdeza detA hai| mukhya uddezya hai ki hama bAhyarUpa se sampatti vivekapUrvaka nirdhArita sImAoM meM rkheN| AMtarika rUpa se icchAoM ko niyaMtrita kare jisase bAyasImAoM kA pAlana svayameva hotA rhe| AcArya kArtikeya ke anusAra - "jo parivajjaI granthaM abbhaMtara bAhiraM ca jJANado pAvaMti bhaNNmANo niggaMtho so have NANI jo saMsAra se bAMdhatA hai use grantha yA parigraha karate hai| bahiraMga evaM AbhyAntara do prakAra kA hai| jo unheM AnandapUrvaka choDakara nirmamatva bhAva meM lIna hotA huA Atma svarUpa meM sthita tathA saMtoSa meM tatpara rahatA hai vaha aparigrahI hotA hai| visarjana-artha ke prati mUrchA na rakhanA, usake saMgraha se bace rahanA, lagAva na rkhnaa| aparigrahI na to vastuoM ke prati Asakta hote haiM na saMgraha karate haiN| visarjana-zarIra meM mamatva ke tyAga ke sAtha visarjana hai| AcArya samantabhadra svAmI ne ratnakaraNDa zrAvakAcAra meM kahA - dhanadhAnyAdi granthaM, parimAya tato'dhikeSu niHspRhatA' parimitaparigrahaH syaadicchaaprimaann-naamaa'pi| kSetra-vAstu, hiraNya suvarNa, dhana dhAnya, dAsa dAsI, kupya bhANDa ina dasa bAhya parigrahoM ko parimita rakhakara unase adhika meM icchA nahIM rakhanA, sImA nirdhAraNa krnaa| usa sImA ko vastuoM ke pariprekSya meM aura kama karatA jAye manasA vacasA kAyasA nibhAne kA prAvadhAna hai| vrata ko kRta va kArita donoM hI taraha se apanAtA hai| jaina zrAvaka ke liye arjana kI sImA
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________________ 59 anekAnta 68/3, julAI-sitambara, 2015 kA nirdeza nahIM kiyA gayA hai lekina arjana ke sAtha zuddhi va vyaktigata upabhoga paribhoga kI sImA sadaiva kahI gaI hai| AcArya samantabhadra ne pAMca aticAroM kA ullekha karate hue likhA hai| ativAhanA'ti saMgraha, vismayalobhA'tibhAra vhnaani| parimita parigrahasya ca vikSepAH paMca lkssynte| 'arthAta adhika savArI rakhanA, anAvazyaka vastae~ ikaTaThI karanA. dUsare kA vaibhava dekhakara viSAda karanA, ati lobha karanA, bahuta bhAra lAdanA ye pAMca parigraha ke aticAra kahe gaye hai|' adhika lAbha ke liye vAhanoM evaM pazuoM kA kSamatA se jyAdA upayoga kAma kI AzA se dhana ko roke rakhanA aadi| sAmAjika hone ke nAte artha dvArA hI saba saMbhava hai| manuSya baDhatI huI icchAoM ke kAraNa saMcaya karatA hai apane viveka evaM paristhitiyoM ke anurUpa icchAoM ko parimita karatA hai| pratyeka gRhastha ke liye Avazyaka hai vaha vyavasAya itanA na phailAe jisakI vaha saMbhAla na kara ske| sadaiva vyagratA baDhatI rhegii| jIvana bhara kaThora zrama karate hue usakA saMcaya hI karane meM lagA hai, loga use mUrkha kaheMge, kyoMki jindagI se usane kabhI kucha prApta nahIM kiyaa| arjana saMgraha, saMrakSaNa meM jindagI jA rahI hai vo artha kA artha na rahakara anartha kA bIja bana jaayegaa| gRhastha jIvana rahate hue hiMsA se nahIM bacA jA sktaa| para zrAvaka apanI dRSTi ko sahI rakhe, jo kAma kare, usake pariNAma se paricita ho| AvazyakatA kI sahI pahacAna ho, upayoga se dUsare ke hita kA kitanA nukasAna hai, vicAra kare tAki kama karmo kA baMdha hogaa| visarjana kI savatiyA~ : dAna Adi purANa meM kahA hai ki sva para ke upakAra ke liye mana vacana kAya kI vizuddhatA pUrvaka jo dhana dAna diyA jAtA hai use dAna kahate hai| dAna kA artha hai saMvibhAga, nyAyopArjita Aya meM se atithi ko yogya AhAra, anya AvazyakatAoM kI pUrti karanA saMpati kA ucita vapana krnaa| anugrahArtha svasyAtisargo dAnam 1 mahatva :- dANaM sohaggakaraM dAnaM arUgga kAraNaM paramaM dAnaM moganihANaM, dAnaM ThANaM guNaguNANaM12 ___dAna sukha saubhAgyakArI hai| parama ArogyakArI hai| puNya kA nidAna aura guNa samUha kA sthAna hai| paramArtha kI sAdhanA hai| artha kA yadi saMgraha kiyA jAya to anartha ho jAtA hai| bAMTane se divyArtha bana jAtA hai| sAra hai
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________________ 60 anekAnta 68/3, julAI-sitambara, 2015 dhana kamAo, para DUba na jaao| prasanna mana se diyA gayA thoDA dAna bhI varadAna bana jAtA hai| jaise zAlIbhadra ke liye huaa| megharatha rAjA ne bhI tIrthakara gotra baaNdhaa| isase puNya baMdha hotA hai| pApa kI nirjarA hone se roga nahIM hotA, vaijJAnika kAraNa yaha hai ki acchI bhAvanA se zveta rakta kaNa kI saMkhyA baDhatI hai, roga pratirodhaka zakti baDhatI hai| cAroM ora prabhAvazAlI prabhAmaNDala banatA hai| saMkrAmaka rogANu bhI praveza nahIM kara paate| acche vyaktiyoM ke mastiSka se alphA taraMga, bITA, thITA acchI taraMge nikalatI hai ataH sevAdAnI bhAvI atyanta prasanna prabhAvazAlI cumbakIya zakti se yukta hote hai niDara hote hai| gauravaM prApyate dAnAt na tu vittarasya sNcyaat| sthitiruccaiH payodAnAM payodhAnAmadhaH sthitiH||13 dhana dene se gaurava prApta hotA hai, saMgraha karane se nhiiN| bAdaloM kI ucca sthiti dene se hI hai| samudra kI nIce sthiti saMgraha se hai| AkAza ke kAle bAdala barasa kara jaba zveta ho jAte hai ve yaha saMketa karate hai ki vitaraNa meM hI munaSya kI zuddhatA hai| kauTilya zAstra meM likhA hai- dAna se yaza sukha saubhAgya va dene kI yogyatA va udAtta bhAvanAyeM banatI hai| samAja ke hara vyakti kI AvazyakatAe~ pUrNa hotI haiN| TAlsaTaoNya kA kathana hai- acchA AdamI vaha hai jisake pAsa do koTa hai| vaha eka koTa usa vyakti ko de, jise sakhta jarUrata hai| mahAna ve haiM jisake jIne se bahuta prANI, jIte haiN| jaise cadramA udita hotA hai to vaha sAre nakSatra va tAre ko bhI camakane kA avasara detA hai| dAna dene ke niyama :- mahAvIra ne kahA hai dAna dene ke pUrva mana meM koI AzaMkA, pachatAvA, aMhakAra na ho, dAna gupta ho vijJApana kI vRti se diyA dAna pavitratA khaNDita karatA hai| dAna dete vakta mu~ha nIce ho tAki lene vAle ko saMkoca na ho| rahima aise navAba the ve pratidina dAna dete, para A~kha nIcI krke| eka yAcaka ko do tIna bAra dAna le cukane ke bAda bhI diye jA rahe the| yaha dekha kavi gaMga ne unase pUchA - sIkhe kahA navAba jI detI aisI den| jyoM jyoM kara U~ce bar3he tyoM tyoM nIce nain| rahima bole - dene vAlA aura hai jo detA dina rain|
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________________ anekAnta 68/3, julAI-sitambara, 2015 loga bharama hama pe kare isa vidhi nIce nain|| dAnapati ke guNa - zraddhA zakti bhakti, vijJAna, kSamA, tyAga ye dAnapati ke guNa hai|14 dAna dene meM dAtA, deya, pAtra kI zuddhi honA Avazyaka hai|15 upAsakAdhyayana ke anusAra 4 prakAra ke dAna hai16 - AhAra, auSadha, zAstra (jJAna) evaM abhydaan| abhayadAna - yaha sarvazreSTha dAna hai, dUsare jIvoM kI rakSA karanA, jaisA uttarAdhyayana ke saMjayIya meM RSi rAjA saMyati ko abhayadAna kA saMdeza dete hai| saca kahA hai ki agara tU kamA sakatA hai to sau hAthoM se kamA, sau hAthoM se arjana kr| lekina use hajAra hAthoM se barasAne kI himmata bhI rkh| tyAga: artha - zarIra se Asakti kA parityAga kara padArtho ke prati mana meM vairAgya rkhnaa| yaha jIva rakSaNa va apane hita ke liye kiyA jAtA hai| jo apane pAsa hai use apanA na samajha chor3a diyA jAya yaha tyAga hai| tyAga meM choDane para Agraha hai| tyAga vaiyaktika hai| apanI vastu para se apanA adhikAra chor3a denA hai| AcArya akalaMka 17 sacetana aura acetana parigraha kI nivRti ko tyAga mAnA hai| kundakunda18 ne kahA hai apane se bhinna sabhI padArtho ko ye para hai isa prakAra jAnakara tyAga kiyA jAtA hai| izAvAsya upaniSada meM kahA hai "isa cara jagata me jo kucha hai vaha saba Izvara se vyApta hai| labdha vastu meM se tyAga karake hI bhoga kare, kisI anya ke dhana kA lobha na kre| isameM tyAga aura alobha ke liye spaSTa nirdeza hai jo aparigraha vrata kA sAra hai|" dAniyoM se bhI adhika sammAna tyAgiyoM kA hai| tyAga karane meM svarga prApti, guNoM kA Azraya, varNa, Ayu, bala, buddhi bar3hatI hai| bandhutva kI prApti hotI hai| sukha samRddhi hotI hai| kSudhA pIr3ita ke liye kiyA tyAga dIrghAyu, Arogya, yaza Adi ko bar3hAtA hai| navadhA bhaktipUrvaka tyAga, duSTacitAoM kI samApti karatA hai| auSadhadAna se nirogatA evaM abhaya se prANiyoM kA rakSaNa hotA hai| ye tyAga kI vidhiyA~ hai| uttarAdhyayana meM iSukAriya meM pUrvajanmoM meM zubha saMskAra lekara 6 AtmAoM ke saMyoga kA nirUpaNa hai| mahArAja ijukAra, kamalAvatI, purohita
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________________ anekAnta 68/3, julAI-sitambara, 2015 mRgu-patnI yazA do putra, purohita bhogavAdoM se lipta thaa| dono putroM ke tyAga bhAva kI mahattA se prabuddha hue| na prajayA na dhanena, tyAgaunaikenAmRtva mAnayuH (gA. 13, 14 a. 14) arthAta na saMtAna se, na dhana se kintu eka mAtra tyAga se hI logoM kA amRtva prApta hotA hai| putra patnI ke sAtha purohita bhogoM ko tyAgakara abhiniSkramaNa karate haiN| yaha sunakara kuTumba kI dhana sampatti kI cAha rakhane vAle rAjA ko kamalAvatI ne bodha diyA va donoM ne bhoga tyAgakara pravajyA kii| samatA, sayama samiyAe dhamme ArahahiM pavedite19 - samatA meM dharma kahA hai sama arthAta samatA dhAraNa karanA arthAt sama-zrama, puruSArtha pUrvaka jIvana vyatIta krnaa| bhagavatI ArAdhanA meM kahA hai- saba vastuoM meM jo apratibaddha (mamatvahIna) hai vahI saba jagaha samatA ko prApta karatA hai| savvattha apaDinadvo uvediM savvattha samabhAvaM 20 AcArAMga sUtra meM21 - AtmajAgrata vyakti na to virakti se dukhI hotA hai aura na prasanna kyoki samatA meM saba barAbara hai| bhayAtura vyakti hI saMgraha karatA hai| samatA ke liye saralatA kA jIvana jInA Avazyaka hai| banAvaTIpana se samatA nahI aayegii| samatA binA tapasyA, zAstra adhyayana, mauna saba vyartha hai| Aja ke yuga meM mahAna amitAbha ke bAre meM par3hA thA ki ve asuvidhA ke liye zikAyata na kara samatA rakhate the| cainnaI meM "AkharI rAstA" philma kI zUTiMga thii| garmI itanI thI ki sabhI parezAna va zikAyata kara rahe the| baccana jI ko sIna meM zAla or3hanA thaa| kursI para baiThe paDha rahe the, jaba pUchA gayA ki itanI garmI meM zAla or3hakara bhI, zAnta kaise baiThe haiN| bole "If I don't think about heat don't feel it yaha hai Big BLegend kI smtaa| sAmAyika kI bahuta pratiSThA hai jinakA mukhya lakSaNa samatA hai| mana kI sthiratA kI sAdhanA samabhAva se AtI hai| traNa, kaMcana, zatru, mitra Adi viSamatAoM meM Asakti rahita hokara ucita pravRtti karanA hI sAmAyika hai| sarala va abhaya vyakti hI visarjana meM vizvAsa karatA hai| parigraha kI Aga ko saMyama ke jala se zamita kreN| visarjana meM avarodhaka - mAnavIya svabhAva kI asIma icchA-tuSNA, lobha evaM Asakti kA samanvita rUpa hai| ataH icchA sImAMkana, lobha saMvaraNa, anAsakti aparigraha vRti meM sahayogI hai|
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________________ anekAnta 68/3, julAI-sitambara, 2015 icchA sImAkaMna - janma ke sAtha icchAyeM zurU hokara vaya ke sAtha bar3hatI jAtI haiN| Ayu kSINa ho jAtI hai lekina icchA nhiiN| rAjA koNika mahatvAkAMkSA pUrI karane ko jela meM pitA ko DAla detA hai| Akhira kauna sA doSa, viveka-buddhi ko AvRta kara mAnava ko dAnava banA detA hai? nami rAjarSi ne devendra se kahA - suvaNNa rUppassa upavvayA bhavesiyA hu kelAsasabhA usaMkhyA22 kailAza ke samAna sone cA~dI ke asaMkhya parvata mila jAye phira bhI lobhI manuSya kI tRpti nahIM hotI, kyoki icchAe~ AkAza ke samAna hai| eka pUrI huI ki dUsarI taiyaar| manuSya lobha tRSNA ke adhIna ho jAtA hai to icchApUrti kI havisa uThatI hai| icchAoM kA putalA sArA jIvana telI ke baila kI taraha lagA rahatA hai| icchAoM kI parti meM kabhI sattA, pada, dhana, svAsthya, putra Adi ke lie mastiSka meM tUphAna uThane lagatA hai| vaha azAnta ho jAtA hai| icchA aisI Aga hai jyoM-jyoM tRpti kI Ahuti DAlo, tyoM-tyoM tIvra hokara dhadhaka uThatI hai| ataH icchAoM kA vizleSaNa kara Avazyaka pUrti va niSkRSTa kA tyAga kre| zubhaicchA - samAjasevA, paropakAra, svaparakalyANa, samatA, kaSAya bhAva kama karanA utkRSTa hai| icchA kI niSkRSTatA- anucita upAyoM, sAdhanoM kA prayoga, baiMka se lona lekara na denA, anapar3ha grAmINoM se lAbha lenA yaha sAmAjika pApa hai| jaina dharma meM ye icchAyeM kRSNa lezyA yA raudradhyAna se pariNata hotI hai| lobha saMvaraNa :- hemacandra23 ke yogazAstra ke anusAra satpAtra ko dhana na denA yA dUsare ke dhana ko grahaNa krnaa| A. amRtasUri24 ke anusAra uparyukta sthala para dhana vyaya na karanA lobha hai| saMgraha karane kI vRtti se lobhI kabhI tRpta nahIM hote| sadasad kA viveka kho dete hai| ananta pIr3A paritApa bhI utpanna hotA hai| sabhI guNoM kA vinAza hotA hai| lobho savvaviNAsaNo 25 uttarAdhyayana 26 adhyAya kapilIya meM lobhavRtti kA svarUpa va tyAga kI preraNA dI hai| maharSi kapila ke jIvana kI jhAMkI bar3hate-bar3hate lobha do mAzA sone se rAjamahala taka pahuMca gii| ataH lobha ko saMtoSa se jItanA caahiye| sAmAjika burAIyoM kA baDA ghaTaka pralobhana hai| ataH sadvatiyoM dvArA azubha icchAoM kA tyAgakara parigraha kI Aga ko zAmita kre| artha ke arjana meM, jindagI vyartha na kroN| visarjana kA Atmazodhana kI dRSTi se AdhyAtmika mUlya hai| bhautikavAdI yuga meM jaina
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________________ anekAnta 68/3, julAI-sitambara, 2015 saMskRti dvArA ghoSita aparigraha kA vyAvahArika dRSTi se avadAna siddha ho cukA hai| visarjana kI saMjIvanI bUTI ko svIkAra kara saMtoSapUrvaka sAdagI va sahajatA jIvana meM apnaayeN| Avazyaka AvazyakatAoM kI pUrti kreN| asImita AMkAkSAoM kA niyamana kareM tAki pUre vizva meM sauhArda, sadabhAva, zAnti kI sthApanA ho| mahAvIra va gAMdhI kI zikSA hai "AvazyakatA va sampatti kA sImAkaraNa hI hameM zAnti kI ora prasthita kara sakatA hai| binA zAnti ke bhautika sampannatA eka bhrAnti hai, jisane vartamAna yuga ko digbhrAMta banA ddaalaa| ataH vyakti bhI badale vyavasthA bhI badale tabhI naye daura kI AhaTa saMbhava hai| Aja ke yuga kI apekSA hai - "icchAoM kA parIsImana ho svayaM manuSya kA saMvardhana ho| sarjana kA maMtavya visarjana-dAna tyAga, saMyama se saMvibhAga kA parivardhana ho| arjana saMgraha ke saMrakSaNa meM artha anartha na hone paaye|" lobha kapaTa tRSNA mUrchA meM jIvana vyartha na hone paaye|| saMdarbha : 1. tatvArtha sUtra umAsvAmI ta.s 7/17 2. vasunandI zrAvakAcAra - A. sunila sAgara 3. rAjavArtika 7/17/1 4. ratnakaraNDa zrAvakAcAra- AcArya samantaprabha, bhAratIya anekAnta vidvata pariSada 1997 - pR. 208 5. surendra varmA, bhAratIya jIvana mulya peja 180, pArzvanAtha vidyApITha, vArANasI, 1996 6. jJAnAvarNa (16/12) 7. kArtikeya anuprekSA (386) 8. ratnakaraNDa zrAvakAcAra (15) 9. ratnakaraNDa zrAvakAcAra 10. AdipurANa - gA. 135, parva vIzA dvitIya bhAga jinasena 11. tatvArtha sUtra 6.127 12. dAna kulama - 3 13. zramaNa Jan-March 2012 Vol. LX111 Page 12 14. AdipurANa gA. 82-85 jinasena parva viMza vahI gA. 138 15. vahIM gA. 138 16. upAsaka adhayayana sutra 17. tatvArtha rAjavArtika a.9 sU. 6 18. samaya sAra, 34 19. AcAraMga sutra/ prathama aMka 20. bhagavatI A. 1683 21. AcArAMga sutra 22. utarA, 9/48 23. hemacandra yogazAstra 24.dazavaikAlika- 8,38-madhukara muni 25. A. amRtasurI 26. utarA, a. 8, gA. 26 - 1426, phlorA kAmpaleksa, devendradhAma ke pIche, bhuvana, udayapura-313001 (rAjasthAna)
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________________ 371 68/3, FT -PH , 2015 Need of the Day-Comparative study of Indic-religions - Prof. Sagarmal Jain Orientation - General Knowledge of different Prakrits with their peculiarities and their literature, along with Jain concepts of non-violence, non-possession and non-absolutisms is essential for Indic studies Indian culture consist of two traditions Sramanic and Vedic. At present Sramanic tradition has mainly two traditionsJainism and Buddhism though there were some other minor Sramanic traditions also, such as Ajivakas and others, which were vanished in due course of time or merged in the greater Hindu tradition of Indian culture. Early Jaina canonical literature has been written in prakrit languages, so to know Jainism in its original form knowledge of prakrit languages, with their grammar and with their different shades and their literature is necessary. Buddhist literature has been written Pali language. In earlier times Pali also had been called as Magadhi, which was one of the shades of Prakrits. pali and ardha-magadhi language of Jain canonical literature are very near to each other. Various Prakrit Prakrit language has various shades such as Magadhi, Addhmagadhi, Saurseni, Maharastri and Paisachi etc. Jain canonical literature of Swetamber sect had been written in Addhamagadhi and of Digambar sect in Saurseni prakrit. These two sades of Prakrit language are very near to Pali and not very far from the Vedic Sanskrit and the language of Avaistha of Parasi tradition. For the studies of Indian culture as a whole the knowledge of these Prakrist-languages is very essential. Purpose of Prakrits and Jain Studies - The purpose of this Indic-study to teach the basic human
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________________ 31 68/3, CS-H , 2015 values of Indian tradition along with the different dharmas of Indian origin and their basic philosophies as well as to understand the unity in diversity of Indian culture. We cannot understand Indian culture completely without understanding different constituents of it's i.e. Jainsim, Buddhism and Hinduism, because they various similarities along with their mutual impact so one thing must be clear in our mind that the studies and researches in the field of Indic-studies are not possible in isolation. In fact, Jainism, Buddhism and Hinduism are so intermingled and mutually influenced that to have a proper comprehensive knowledge of one, the understanding of the others is essential. Sraman and Brahman tradions of Indian culture : However, two distinct trends have been pre domination in Indian culture from its earliest days, known as Brahmanic and Sramanic. No doubt these two trends are distinguishable, but at the same time we must be aware of the fact they are not separable. Though on the basis of some peculiarities in their theories, we can distinguish them, yet in practice, it is very difficult to divaricate, them because neither of the two remained uninfluenced by the others. The earlier Sramanic trends and their later phases, Jainism and Buddhism, were influenced by the Vedic tradition and vice-a-versa. The concepts of Tapas or austerity, asceticism, liberation, meditation, equanimity and nonviolence are earlier absent in the Vedas and came into existence in Hinduism through Sramanic influence. The Upanisadas and the Gita evolved some new spiritual definitions of Vedic rituals, these two are the representatives of the dialogue taken place in Sramanic and Vedic traditions. Mutual impact of these two tradition : The Upanisadic trend of Hinduism is not a pure form of Vedic religion. It incorporated in itself various Sarmanic tenets which gave a new dimension to vedic religion. Thus, we can say that our present Hinduism is an intermingling of Vedic and Sramanic traditions. The
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________________ FI 68/3, Tals-fudba, 2015 vioce raised by our ancient Upanisadic Rsis, Munis and Sramanas against the ritualistic and worldly outlook of caste-ridden Brahminism, became more strong in the form of Jainism and Buddhism along with other minor Sramanic sects. Infact the Upanisadic trend as well as Jainism and Buddhism provided refuge to those, who fed up with vedic ritulism and the worldly outlook. Not only Jainism and Buddhism but some other sects and schools of Indian thought such as Ajivakas and Samkhyas also adopted more or less the same course towards Vedic ritualism. However, Jainism and Buddhism were more candid and vehement in their opposition towards Vedic ritualism. They out rightly rejected animal sacrifices in yajnas, the birth-based caste-system and the infallibility to the vedic verses. In Mahavira and Buddha, the most prominent preachers (exponents), we find the real crusaders; whose tirade, against caste-ridden and ritualistic Brahminism, touching a low water-mark and crumbling under its inner inadequacies, they gave a severe jolt to it. Jainism and Buddhism came forward to sweep away the long accumulated excrescence, grown on Indian culture in the form of rituals, casteism, and superstitions. But we shall be mistaken if we presume that in their attempt to clear away the dirt of Vadic ritualism, Jainism and Buddhism remained untouched from it. They were also considerably influenced by Vedic rituals. Ritualism in the new form of Tantric practices crept into Jainism and Buddhism and these practices became part and parcel of their religious practices and mode of worship. With the impact of Hindu Tantricism, Jainas adopted various Hindu deities and their mode of worship with some changes, which were suited to their religious temperament, but these deities were alien to Jainism in its original form. The Jaina concept of Sasana Devata or YaksaYaksis is nothing but a Jaina version of Hindu deities. As I have pointed out earlier, the influence has been reciprocal. This can be demonstrated by the fact that on one side Hinduism accepted Rsabha and Buddha as incarnation of God while on the other side
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________________ 68 310 68/3, A-Han, 2015 Jainism inculded Rama and Krsna in its list of their Salaka Purusas. A number of Hindu Gods and Goddesses were accepted as consorts of Tirthankaras such as Sarasvati, Kali, Mahakali, Cakresvari, Ambika, Padmavati and Siddhika. The Need of comparative religious studies : The moot point I intend to make is that different religious traditions of our great Indian culture have borrowed various concepts from one another and that is the duty of ours to study and highlight this mutual impact, which is the need of the hour and thus we can bridge the gulf, existing between different religious systems. To see the mutual impact and to understand the basic unity among these various religions and their canonical works such as a Prakrit work Risibhasita (Isibhasiyaim) and Pali works such as Dhammapad and thera-gatha are most essential for the Indic studies, because Isibhasiyaim has the basic teachings along with their philosophies of these three basic constituents of Indian culture i.e. Jainism, Buddhism and Hinduism along with some minor sects of Sramanic tradition. It has the basic teaching of two Jain thinkers, three Buddhist teachers as well as twenty two Upanisadic Risis along with some other Risis of minor Sramanic and Vedic traditions. Thus the study of the Prakrit language is necessary for to understand the unity in diversity in Indian culture along with its three constitutes. To understand early Jain as well as Buddhist canon and mutual impact in these traditions the knowledge of these basic languages i.e. Pali, Prakrit and Sanskrit languages and their early literature is essential. The study of mutual impact and unity in diversity between these three systems of Indic culture is the fundamental aim of this university. The advancement in all the walks of life and knowledge could not sublimate our animal and selfish nature. The animal instinct lying within us is still forceful and is dominating our individual and social behavior and due to this our life is full of excitements, emotional disorders and mental tensions. The more advanced a nation, stronger the grip of these evils of our age over it, the single most specific
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________________ 371 68/3, Tais-fan, 2015 feature by which our age may be characterized is that of tension. Now a day not only the individuals, but the total human race is living in tension. Need for the comparative studies of humane values propounded in different Indian religions. Though outwardly we are pleading for peace and non-violence yet by heart we still have strong faith in the law of the jungle, i.e. the dictum-'might is right.' we are living for the satisfaction of our animal nature only, though we talk of higher social and spiritual values. This duality or the gulf between our thought and action is the sole factor disturbing our inner as well as outer peace. Once the faith in higher values or even in our fellow beings is shaken and we start seeing each and every person or a community or a nation with the eyes of doubt, definitely, it is the sign of disturbed mentality. The basic problems of present society are mental tensions, violence and conflicts of ideologies and faiths. Jainism had tried to solve these problems of mankind through the three basic tenets of non-attachment or non-possessiveness (Aparigraha), non-violence (Ahimsa) and non-absolutism (Anekanta). If mankind observes these three principles, peace and harmony can certainly be established in the world. First of all we are human being and then any thing else .e Hindus, Buddhists, Christians, Muslimes, Sikkhas, Jainas and the like. To be a real human being, is a pre-condition for being a real Hindu etc. Our prime duty is to be a human in its real sense. This spirit is echoed in one of the earlier Jaina text Uttaradhyayana where in Lore Mahavira has laid down four conditions for true religious being. viz- 1. Humanity, 2. Belief in true of religious teachings 3. Control over senses and 4. Efforts for self-purification. Thus we see that among these four conditions of a religious being, humanity occupies the first and the foremost position and to be a real human unbiased study of various religious systems and their script uses in essential. ******
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________________ 70 anekAnta 68/3, julAI-sitambara, 2015 sammaittaM meM pratipAdita saha-astitva kA dArzanika vivecana zrImatI dIpti mehatA sammaisuttaM arthAt sanmatisUtra athavA sanmatitarkaprakaraNa yaha eka dArzanika racanA hai| yadyapi isa graMtha kI viSaya vastu mUla siddhAntoM kA pratipAdana karatI hai tathApi AcArya siddhasena ke kAvya kauzala ko bhI darzAtI hai| sammaisuttaM eka sUtrabaddha - laghukAya kRti hai jisane AcArya siddhasena ko bhAratIya naiyAyikoM tathA kaviyoM meM darzana va zailI- vijJAna ke kAraNa eka viziSTa sthAna va sammAna dilAyA hai| samma eka vizuddha tarkavidyA kA anupama dArzanika graMtha hai| yaha graMtha 167 AryA chandoM meM prAkRta bhASA meM nibaddha hai jo ki tIna kANDoM meM vibhakta hai| graMtha ke prathama kANDa meM mukhya rUpa se naya aura saptabhaMgI kA, dvitIya kANDa meM darzana aura jJAna kA tathA tRtIya kANDa meM paryAya - guNa se abhinna vastu tattva kA pratipAdana kiyA gayA hai| isa graMtha meM satyaniSThA, jJAna, ahaMkAra- visarjana, sahiSNutA, ahiMsA, mAnasika pradUSaNa se bacAva Adi mAnavIya mUlyoM kI dArzanika mImAMsA kI gaI hai parantu mukhyataH anekAntavAda kA pratipAdya hone se saha-astitva kA dRSTikoNa mukhya rahA hai| vastu-vivecana ke mAdhyama se nayoM meM saha-astitva, dravya guNa paryAya meM saha-astitva, utpAda - vyaya - dhrauvya meM saha-astitva, para-matoM meM saha astitva aura jJAna va cAritra meM saha-astitva Adi viSayoM para prakAza DAlA gayA hai| nayoM meM saha-astitva - AcArya vIrasena svAmI ne 'dhavalA' meM naya ke viSaya meM kahA haianekAnta guNa aura paryAyoM sahita athavA usake dvArA eka pariNAma se dUsare pariNAma meM, eka kSetra se dUsare kSetra meM aura eka kAla se dUsare kAla meM avinAzI svabhAva rUpa rahane vAle dravyoM ko jo le jAtA hai arthAt usakA jJAna karAtA hai, use naya kahate haiN| '
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________________ anekAnta 68/3, julAI-sitambara, 2015 71 samantabhadra AcArya ne syAdvAda ke dvArA gRhIta anekAntAtmaka padArtha ke dharmoM kA alaga-alaga kathana karane vAle ko naya kahA hai| AcArya akalaMkadeva kahate hai- nayojJAtura abhipraayH| arthAt jJAtA ke abhiprAya ko naya kahate haiN| isa prakAra bhinna-bhinna AcAryoM dvArA nayoM kI bhinna-bhinna vyAkhyAe~ vibhinna dRSTikoNoM ke antargata dI gaI hai| AcArya siddhasena ke anusAra - titthyrvynnsNghvisesptthaarmuulvaagrnnii| davvaTThiyoM ya pajjavaNayo ya sesA viyappA siN|| arthAt- tIrthakara ke vacana sAmAnya-vizeSAtmaka haiN| dravyArthika aura paryAyArthika nayoM se mUla vastu kI vyAkhyA kI gayI hai| zAstroM meM jo anya nayoM kA varNana milatA hai, vaha ina donoM nayoM kA vistAra hai| dravyArthika naya abheda rUpa tathA sAmAnya kathana karatA hai, kintu paryAyArthika naya kA viSaya bheda rUpa paryAya kI vizeSatAoM kA kathana karanA hai| dravya nirapekSa paryAya aura paryAya nirapekSa dravya trikAla meM saMbhava nahIM hai| ataH donoM naya sApekSa hai| ve apane virodhI naya ke viSaya meM sparza se rahita nahIM hai| kyoMki sAmAnya vizeSa ke binA aura vizeSa sAmAnya ke binA kabhI bhI nahIM pAyA jAtA aura bhI kahA hai- davvaM pajjavaviuyaM davvaviuttA ya pajjavA NatthiA ' arthAt paryAya se rahita koI dravya nahIM hai aura dravya se vihIna koI paryAya nahIM hai| yaha saha-astitva sadaiva rahatA hai| ataH donoM nayoM meM bhI saha-astitva ko prakaTa karatA hai| yadi ye donoM naya eka dUsare ke viSaya kA tiraskAra karake mAtra apane viSaya kA hI kathana kareM va anya kA na kareM to ye naya mithyAnaya arthAt jhUThe naya kahalAeMge aura yadi eka dUsare ke sApekSa kathana kareM to ye hI naya sunaya aura sacce naya khlaaeNge| yadi hama donoM nayoM ke saha-astitva ko na svIkAra kareM to kyA hogA ? isa prazna ke uttara meM AcArya kahate haiM Na ya davvaTThiyapakkhe saMsAro Neva pjjvnnyss| sAsayaviyattivAI jamhA uccheyvaaiiy|| suha dukkhasaMpaogo Na jujjae nniccvaaypkkhmmi| eMgatuccheyammi ya suhdukkhviyppnnmjuttN||
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________________ anekAnta 68/3, julAI-sitambara, 2015 kammaM jogaNimittaM bajjhai baMdhaTThiI ksaayvsaa| apariNaucchiNNesu ya baMdhATThiI kAraNaM nntthi|| arthAt dravyArthika naya kI ekAntamAnyatA ke anusAra jIva dravya nitya hai, isalie apariNAmI hai aura kUTastha hone se usake saMsAra nahIM banatA hai| isI prakAra paryAyArthika naya ke mata meM mUla vastu kA vinAza mAnane se sukha-duHkha, janma-maraNa, rAga-dveSAdi rUpa saMsAra nahIM hogaa| karmoM kA baMdha va mokSa bhI asaMbhava hai| sabhI naya apanI-apanI maryAdA meM rahakara apane-apane viSaya kA kathana karate haiM, taba sabhI satya hote haiN| kintu jaba apanI maryAdA ko lA~ghakara dUsare naya ke vaktavya kA nirAkaraNa karane meM pravRtta ho to ve mithyA ho jAte haiN| ata: nayoM kA saha-astitva hI usakI samyaktA ko prApta karatA hai| ina mukhya nayoM ke saha-astitva se hI saptabhaMgI kA udbhava hotA hai| vastu ko hama dravya apekSA nitya aura paryAya apekSA se anitya aura donoM ke eka sAtha pradhAnatA se kathana kI apekSA se avaktavya kahate haiN| donoM nayoM ke yugapad varNana karate hue kramazaH kathana hone se ubhayarUpa prarUpita hotA hai aura inhIM ke saMyogoM se Age ke bhaMga bhI bana jAte haiN| dravya-guNa-paryAya meM saha-astitva - dravya ko spaSTa karate hue AcArya kundakunda kahate haiM- "una-una sadbhAva paryAyoM ko jo dravita hotA hai, prApta hotA hai use dravya kahate haiM jo ki sattA se ananyabhUta hai|" AcArya pUjyapAda ke anusAra 'jo guNoM ke dvArA prApta kiyA gayA thA athavA guNoM ko prApta huA thA athavA jo guNoM ke dvArA prApta kiyA jAegA va guNoM ko prApta hogA use dravya kahate haiN| guNoM ke samudAya ko dravya kahate haiN| athavA jo yathA yogya apanI-apanI paryAyoM ke dvArA prApta hote haiM yA paryAyoM ko prApta hote haiM ve dravya kahalAte haiN| dravya, vastu, padArtha, satta, sattva, sAmAnya, anvaya, artha aura vidhi ye nau zabda sAmAnya rUpa se eka dravya rUpa artha ke hI vAcaka hai| guNa zabda sahabhAvI vizeSatAoM kA vAcaka hai|
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________________ anekAnta 68/3, julAI-sitambara, 2015 73 AcArya umAsvAmI kahate haiM- "jo dravya ke Azraya se ho aura svayaM dUsare guNoM se rahita hoM ve guNa hai|| guNoM ko sahabhU, anvayI aura artha rUpa bhI kahA gayA hai|'' dravya meM anantaguNa rahate haiN| pratyeka guNa kA svarUpa va kArya (lakSaNa) bhinna-bhinna haiM eka guNa, anya ananta guNoM ke sAtha rahate hue bhI apane svarUpa ko kabhI nahIM chodd'taa| parantu yahA~ vizeSa yaha hai ki guNoM kA svarUpa nahIM badalatA, kintu unakI avasthAe~ badalatI hai| isalie unameM parivartana bhI dikhAI detA hai| ina guNoM ke kArya arthAt pariNamana ko paryAya kahate haiN| paryAya kA artha avasthA se hai| AcArya devasena ke matAnusAra 'dravya aura guNoM ke vikAsa arthAt pariNamana ko paryAya kahate haiN|14 aura bhI kahA hai- 'guNoM meM pratisamaya hone vAlI avasthA kA nAma paryAya hai| athavA dravyoM meM jo aMza kalpanA kI jAtI hai, yahIM to paryAyoM kA svarUpa hai|"15 dravya-guNa-paryAya ke sAmAnya viSaya meM dravya garbhita hai va guNa-paryAya usake vizeSa hai| sammaisuttaM meM kahA gayA hai sAmaNNammi viseso visesapakkhe ya vynnvinniveso| davvapariNAmamaNNaM dAei tayaM ca nniymei||16 arthAt sAmAnya meM vizeSa kA aura vizeSa meM sAmAnya kA jo kathana kiyA jAtA hai, vaha dravya, guNa aura usakI paryAyoM ko bhinna-bhinna rUpa meM batalAtA huA tInoM ko eka niyata karatA hai| vastutaH dravya-guNa aura paryAya bhinna nahIM hai| jo dravya hai vaha ananta guNoM se hai aura una guNoM meM pratisamaya hone vAle pariNamana hI paryAya hai| yaha tInoM eka hI samaya meM dravya kI eka paryAya yA avasthA meM avasthita rahate haiN| dravya sadaiva kisI na kisI paryAya ke rUpa meM hI upalabdha rahatA hai| dravya-guNa va paryAyoM meM saha-astitva trikAla vidyamAna rahatA hai| ye guNa dravya va paryAya se bhinna prApta nahIM ho skte| paryAya jo pratisamaya badala rahI hai vaha dravya va usameM sthita guNoM kI hI hai| anyatra kahIM upalabdha nahIM hotI hai| ina dravya-guNa-paryAya kA saha-astitva hI vastu kA svarUpa hai anya nhiiN| aura bhI kahA hai davvaM jaha pariNayaM taheva asthi ti tammi smymmi| vigayabhavissehi u pajjavehiM bhayaNA vibhyaNA vaa||7
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________________ anekAnta 68/3, julAI-sitambara, 2015 __ arthAt jisa samaya jo dravya jisa paryAya rUpa pariNama gayA hai vaha dravya usa samaya usI rUpa meM hai| jo dravya apanI bhUtakAlika, bhaviSyatkAlIna tathA vartamAna kI paryAyoM ko apane meM sameTe rahatA hai, jinake sAtha usakA abheda hai aura bheda bhI hai| yahA~ dravya va usakI samasta paryAyoM ke madhya bheda va abheda kA saha-astitva siddha kiyA gayA hai| udAharaNa dete hue AcArya Age kahate haiM- kovaM uppAyaMto puriso jIvassa kArao hoi| tatto vibhaiyavvo paramma sayameva bhiyvvo||18 arthAt krodha ko utpanna karatA huA puruSa jIva kA apanI isa avasthA kA kAraka hai| apane Apa meM vaha puruSa jIva meM krodha ko utpanna karatA hai| isalie pahale krodha rahita aura isa krodha sahita jIva meM kisI apekSA se bhinnatA hai| vAstava meM jIva svayaM paryAya rUpa pariNamana karatA hai| jo pahalI avasthA jIva kI thI vahI krodha sahita hone se abhinna bhI hai| isa prakAra unhoMne eka hI jIva meM bheda va abheda ke saha-astitva ko darzAyA hai| yahA~ jIva dravya hai aura krodhA rahita aura krodhA sahita usakI bhinna-bhinna paryAyeM haiN| AcAryazrI ke anusAra do uNa NayA bhagavayA davvaTThipijjavaTThiyA NiyayAM etto ya guNavisese guNaTThiyaNayo vi jujjNto||19 arthAt arhanta bhagavAn ne dravyArthika aura paryAyArthika, ina do nayoM kI hI prarUpaNA kI hai| yadi paryAya se bhinna guNa hotA, to guNArthika naya ke nAma se usakA bhI kathana hotaa| kintu guNArthika naya ke nAma se koI naya nahIM hai| 'guNa' zabda kA artha paryAya se bhinna nahIM hai| isalie guNArthika naya kI prarUpaNA kI AvazyakatA nahIM rhii| yadi guNa dravya se bhinna hote, to unakI prarUpaNA ke lie guNArthika naya kA bhI abhidhAna hotaa| kintu dravya se guNa trikAla meM bhI bhinna nahIM ho skte| eka samaya meM bhI guNa dravya meM satata sAtha rahate haiN| isI prakAra paryAya sAmAnya bhI dravya ke sAtha rahatI haiM ataeva guNa aura paryAya meM bhinnatA nahIM hai| dravya ke pariNamana ko paryAya kahate haiM aura dravya ke aneka rUpa karane ko guNa kahate haiN| dravya kI apanI-apanI avasthA meM jo kramazaH pariNamana hotA hai, use kramabhAvI paryAya kahate haiM aura aneka rUpa meM jo vasta kA jJAna hotA hai, vaha
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________________ anekAnta 68/3, julAI-sitambara, 2015 75 sahabhAvI paryAya (guNa) hai / yathArtha meM guNa ke vikAra ko paryAya kahA hai| jo palaTatA hai vaha guNa hai aura jo prakaTa hotI hai, vaha avasthA paryAya hai| apane isa vivecana se AcArya ne dravya-guNa va paryAya ke saha-astitva kI puSTI kI hai| utpAda - vyaya - dhrauvya meM saha-astitva sAmAnyataH apanI jAti kA tyAga kiye binA navIna paryAya kI prApti utpAda hai| pUrva paryAya kA tyAga hai vaha vyaya hai aura anAdi pAriNAmika svabhAva rUpa anvaya kA banA rahanA dhrauvya hai| 20 pratyeka dravya meM jisa kAla dravya kI pUrva avasthA kA nAza hotA hai usI samaya usakI naI avasthA utpanna hotI hai, phira bhI usakA traikAlika svabhAva (anvaya) rUpa banA rahatA hai| AcArya siddhasena kahate haiM davvaM pajjavaviDayaM davvaviuttA ya pajjavA Natthi / uppAyaiibhaMgA haMdi daviyalakkhaNaM evaM / / " dravya kA svarUpa nityAnityAtmaka hai| koI dravya nitya dhauvyaR tathA koI dravya anitya ( utpAda vyaya) mAtra nahIM hai| paryAyavAn dravya hI utpatti, sthiti aura vinAzazIla hai| isalie utpAda, vyaya aura dhrauvya se yukta dravya kA lakSaNa kahA gayA hai| utpAda sthiti aura vyaya ye tInoM saMyukta rUpa se rahate haiN| eka ke binA dUsare kA sadbhAva nahIM hai| ataH ye bhinna-bhinna dravya ke lakSaNa nahIM kahe gaye haiN| utpAda - vyaya aura dhrauvya meM sadaiva sahaastitvapanA rahatA hai aura bhI kahA hai - egasamayammi egadaviyassa bahuyA vi hoMti uppaayaa| uppAyasamA vigamA ThiIDa ussaggao NiyamA // 1 arthAt eka dravya meM eka samaya meM aneka utpAda bhI hote haiN| usameM vinAza bhI utpAda jitane hote haiM tathA sAmAnyataH sthitiyA~ bhI hotI hai| agalI gAthA meM ise udAharaNa se spaSTa kiyA hai ki eka saMsArI jIva ke jaba vaha kisI vivakSita gati meM saMjJI paMcendriya paryAya meM utpanna hotA hai| taba usake eka hI samaya meM mana, vacana, zarIra Adi hote haiN| usI samaya meM usake deha rUpa meM aneka pudgala paramANu, aneka manovargaNAe~, aneka
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________________ anekAnta 68/3, julAI-sitambara, 2015 vacana-vargaNAe~ mana-vacana ke rUpa meM pariNamana karatI hai| usI samaya AgAmI kAla meM hone vAlI paryAya ke yogya karmabandha, karmodaya Adi saba hote haiN| pUrva meM saMcita karmoM kI nirjarA Adi hote haiM tathA anugama rUpa se ina sabhI paryAyoM meM jIvAdi kA astitva banA rahatA hai| isa prakAra eka hI samaya meM eka hI dravya meM aneka utpAda, vyaya aura sthiti meM saha-astitvapanA siddha hotA hai| paramatoM meM saha astitva - eka hI vastu ke vibhinna dharmoM kA kathana karane ke vaktA ke jitane kathana-prakAra yA abhiprAya hote haiM ve sabhI apane Apa meM naya hai ataH abhiprAya jitane utane hI nayavAda aura yadi ve sabhI naya apane-apane kathana ko hI svIkAra karate hue anya sabhI nayoM kA niSedha karate haiM to utane hI paramata hote haiN| aura una sabhI kI sat prarUpaNA karate hue yadi apane kathana ko svIkAra karate hue anya ko gauNa karake usa samaya unakA kathana na bhI kareM, parantu unake astitva ko svIkAra kareM to ve sabhI paramata saha-astitva se sat vastu kI prarUpaNA kA sAdhana banate haiN| tIsare kANDa kI gAthA 48 se 51 taka AcArya ne sabhI paramatoM kA kathana karate hue spaSTa kiyA hai ki paramArtha se yA dravyArthika naya se ekAnta mAnyatA kA pratipAdana karane vAlA sAMkhya darzana hai| yaha darzana kisI apekSA se sat kA vinAza tathA kisI apekSA se asat kA utpAda nahIM mAnatA hai| yaha dravyArthika naya kI rIti se dravya ko hI viSaya karatA hai| sAMkhya ke anusAra prakRti, puruSa Adi paccIsa tatvoM kA sadbhAva hI hai, abhAva nhiiN| pradhAna aura avyakta ye prakRti ke paryAyavAcI zabda haiN| avyakta se jina buddhi Adi 23 tatvoM kI utpatti hotI hai unako vyakta kahate haiN| kahA bhI hai : hetumadanityamavyApi sakriyamanekamAzritaM liNgm| sAvayavaM paratantraM vyaktaM vipriitmvyktm||24 arthAt vyakta kAraNa sahita hotA hai, anitya hotA hai, avyApaka hotA hai, kriyA sahita hotA hai, aneka hotA hai, apane kAraNa ke Azrita hotA hai, pralayakAla meM pradhAna meM laya ko prApta ho jAtA hai, avayava sahita
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________________ 77 anekAnta 68/3, julAI-sitambara, 2015 hai aura pradhAna ke AdhIna hone se paratantra hai, yaha vyakta kA lakSaNa hai aura avyakta kA lakSaNa isake viparIta hai| sAMkhyadarzana pariNAmavAdI siddhAnta hai| isakI dRSTi meM pratyeka tatva sat svarUpa hI hai| isake viparIta bauddhadarzana kevala vartamAna paryAya mAtra tattva mAnatA hai| usakI dRSTi meM koI bhI tattva trikAlavartI nahIM hai| kSaNabhaMgavAda yA kSaNikavAda bauddha darzana kI vizeSa mAnyatA yA siddhAnta kahA jA sakatA hai| isa darzana meM koI bhI vastu eka kSaNa hI ThaharatI hai aura dUsare kSaNa meM vaha nahIM rahatI kintu dUsarI ho jAtI hai| arthAt vastu kA pratyeka kSaNa meM svAbhAvika nAza hotA rahatA hai| isa mata meM mAnya hai ki jo sat hai ve sabhI kSaNika hai arthAt nitya nahIM hai athavA jo sat hai vaha sabhI prakAroM se eka dUsare se vilakSaNa haiN| arthAt koI bhI kisI ke sAdRzya nahIM hai| unakI mAnyatAnusAra nitya vastu meM arthakriyA ho hI nahIM sakatI, kyoMki nitya vastu na to yugapad arthakriyA karatI hai aura na krama se| ataH paryAyArthikanaya kI ekAnta mAnyatA vAlA bauddhadarzana kahA gayA hai| yadyapi vaizeSika darzana dravyArthika aura paryAyArthika donoM nayoM kI mAnyatA vAlA hai, kintu vaha kisI tatva ko nitya aura kisI tatva ko anitya mAnatA hai| parantu jo sarvathA nitya aura sarvathA anitya mAnate haiM vaha bhI yuktiyukta saMbhava nahIM hai| ataH bauddha aura vaizeSika sAMkhyoM ke sadavAda pakSa meM jo doSa batAte haiM ve saba satya hai| isI prakAra sAMkhya loga bauddha tathA vaizeSika ke asavAda meM jo doSa lagAte haiM ve bhI sacce haiN| yadi ina sabhI darzanoM ke bhinna-bhinna matoM ko ekamata kiyA jAe to sabhI meM pArasparika saha-astitva se jaina darzana meM mAnya kathaMcit syAdvAda ke prayoga se sabhI mAnyatAe~ satya siddha hogI kyoMki taba saha-astitva se sabhI mata paraspara nirapekSa na hokara sApekSa hoMge aura sat vastu svarUpa kA nirUpaNa karane meM samartha hoMge kyoMki pratyeka dravya meM trikAla guNa-dharma zakti vidyamAna rahatI hai| ata: vaha dravya kI apekSA nitya hai aura paryAya kI apekSA se anitya hai| kahA bhI hai : davvavittavvaM sAmaNNaM pajjavassa ya viseso| ee samovaNIyA vibhajjavAyaM viseseNti||25 arthAt dravyArthika naya kI mAnyatA se sAmAnya hI vAstavika hai tathA paryAyArthika naya kI mAnyatA se kevala vizeSa hI vAstavika hai| paranta ina
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________________ anekAnta 68/3, julAI-sitambara, 2015 donoM ke sApekSa hone para eka-dUsare kA astitva sambhAvita ho jAtA hai aura isa prakAra ye anekAntavAda ko viziSTa banAte haiN| jJAna-cAritra meM saha astitva : AcArya graMtha ke anta meM graMtha ke sAra ke rUpa meM antima gAthAoM meM jJAna va cAritra kA mahAtma batAte hue kahate haiM NANaM kiriyArahiyaM kiriyAmeMttaM ca do vi egNtaa| asamatthA dAeuM jammamaraNadukkha mA bhaaii||26 arthAt kriyA se rahita yA cAritra se rahita jJAna aura jJAna se rahita cAritra (kriyA) donoM hI ekAnta hai aura donoM ekAnta hone se janma-maraNa ke dukhoM se chur3Ane meM asamartha hai| donoM kA saha-astitva hI kAryakArI hai| jJAna sahita kriyA aura kriyA sahita jJAna hI mokSa mArga meM sahAyaka hai| binA jJAna ke bAharI dhArmika kriyAoM ke pAlana mAtra se AtmA kA koI hita nahIM hotaa| isI prakAra jJAna hone para dhArmika kriyAoM kA pAlana evaM vairAgya na ho to bhI jIva janma-maraNa ke duHkhoM se mukta nahIM ho sktaa| jisa prakAra kisI ghane jaMgala meM bhaTake hue andhe aura laMgar3e alaga-alaga prayatna karate hue dAvAgni se apanI rakSA karane meM samartha nahIM hote, parantu jaba laMgar3A andhe ke kandhoM para baiThatA hai to jaMgala se pAra ho jAtA hai aura andhA bhI pAra ho jAtA hai usI prakAra cAritra bhI jJAna kA Alambana lekara janma-maraNa ke du:khoM se chuTakArA dilAne meM samartha hotA hai| ataH jJAna va cAritra ke saha-astitva se hI hama mokSamArga meM sthApita ho sakeMge aisA yahA~ AcArya kA kahanA hai| ukta sabhI vivecana se spaSTa hai ki jaina darzana meM vyApta saha-astitva athavA anekAntavAda jaina darzana kA prANa hai aura sabhI dRSTikoNoM ke sApekSa saha-astitva se hI sat vastu kA prarUpaNa saMbhava hai|
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________________ anekAnta 68/3, julAI-sitambara, 2015 saMdarbha : 1. NayadittiNao bhaNio...... dhavalA, AcArya vIrasena, pustaka 1, pR.saM. 11 2. AptamImAMsA, AcArya samantabhadra, zloka 106 3. laghIyastraya, AcArya akalaMkadeva, zloka 52 4. sammaisuttaM, AcArya siddhasena, kANDa 1, gAthA 3? 5. sammaisuttaM, AcArya siddhasena, kANDa 1, gAthA 12 kA purvArddha 6. vahI, gAthA 17-19 7. paMcAstikAya, AcArya kundakunda, gAthA 9 8. sarvArthasiddhi, AcArya pUjyapAda, adhyAya 1, 5/17/5 9. paMcAdhyAyI, pUvArddha, pANDe rAyamalla jI, zloka 73 10. sarvArthasiddhi, AcArya pUjyapAda, adhayAya 5/2/266/10 11. jainendra siddhAnta koSa, kSu. jinendravarNI, bhAga-2, dravya, 12. tattvArthasUtra, AcArya umAsvAmI, adhyAya-5, sutra 41 13. paMcAdhyAyI, pANDe rAyamallajI, adhayAya 1 zloka 13 14. AlApapaddhati, AcArya devasena, paryAya adhikAra, sutra - 1 15. paMcAdhyAyI, pANDe rAyamallajI, adhyAya 1, zloka 26 16. sammaisuttaM, AcAryasiddhasena, kANDa 3, gAthA 1 17. vahI, gAthA 4, 18. vahI, gAthA 7 20. jaina yazapAla, jinadharma vivecana, dravya vivecana, pR.65 21. sammaisuttaM, AcArya siddhasena, kANDa 1, gAthA 12 22. vahI, kANDa 3, gAthA 41 23. vahI, gAthA 47 24. sAMkhyakArikAraNa 10 25. sammaisuttaM, AcArya siddhasena, kANDa 3, gAthA 57 26. vahI, gAthA 68 peja 454 19. vahI, gAthA 10 79 - jainavidyA evaM prAkRta vibhAga sAmAjika vijJAna evaM mAnavikI mahAvidyAlaya, mohanalAla sukhAr3iyA vizvavidyAlaya, udayapura (rAja.)
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________________ anekAnta 68/3, julAI-sitambara, 2015 nyAyavidyA : svarUpa evaM paramparA - DaoN. yogeza kumAra jaina, lADanUM mAnava jIvana meM vidyA kA sarvAdhika mahattva hai| vidyA ke mahattva ko batAte hue 'IzAvAsyopaniSad' meM likhA hai ki "vidyayA'mRtamaSnute" yahA~ vidyA se tAtparya jJAna hai, jJAna se hI mRtyuvirodhI amRta tattva kI prApti hotI hai| Atmatattva akSaya amRta aura brahma rUpa hai| AtmA kI apane svarUpa meM anubhUti hI brahmAnubhUti hai aura yahI mokSa hai| vidyA ke 'parA' aura 'aparA' ye do bheda karate hue 'rUdrahRdayopaniSad' meM kahA gayA hai ki parA aura aparA nAma kI do vidyAyeM haiM ve sAdhaka ke lie jJAtavya haiN| 'muNDakopaniSad' ke anusAra "vavidye veditavye iti ha yadbrahmA vido vadanti parA caivaapraa"| manuSya ke lie jAnane yogya do hI vidyAe~ haiM eka parA aura dUsarI apraa| ina donoM meM se jisake dvArA isa loka aura paraloka sambandhI bhogoM tathA unakI prApti ke sAdhanoM kA jJAna prApta kiyA jAtA hai, jisameM bhogoM kI sthiti bhogoM ke upabhoga karane ke prakAra, bhoga sAmagrI kI racanA aura unako upalabdha karake nAnA sAdhana Adi kA varNana hai vaha aparA vidyA hai yathA yajurveda, Rgveda, sAmaveda aura atharvaveda ye cAroM veda tathA cha: vedAMga zikSA, kalpa, vyAkaraNa, nirUkta, chanda aura jyotiSa inakA nAma aparA vidyA hai aura jisake dvArA parabrahma avinAzI paramAtmA kA tattvajJAna hotA hai vaha parAvidyA hai| manuSya meM jo svAbhAvika vicAra zakti hai usI kA nAma darzana hai| "dRSyate'neneti darzanam' isa vyutpatti ke anusAra jisake dvArA vastu kA svarUpa dekhA jAtA hai vaha darzana kahalAtA hai arthAt yaha saMsAra nitya hai? yA anitya hai? isakI sRSTi karane vAlA koI hai yA nahIM? AtmA kA svarUpa kyA hai? ityAdi praznoM kA samucita uttara denA darzana zAstra kA viSaya rahA hai| darzana zAstra vastu ke svarUpa kA pratipAdana karane ke kAraNa vastu paratantra hai| 'sat' kI vyAkhyA karane meM bhAratIya dArzanikoM ne viSaya kI ora utanA dhyAna nahIM diyA jitanA viSayI (AtmA) kI ora dhyAna diyA hai| AtmA
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________________ 81 anekAnta 68/3, julAI-sitambara, 2015 ko anAtmA se pRthak karanA dArzanikoM kA pradhAna kArya rahA hai| isIlie 'AtmAnavidvi' AtmA ko jAno, yaha bhAratIya darzanoM kA mUlamaMtra hai| yahI kAraNa hai ki prAyaH samasta bhAratIya darzana AtmA kI sattA para pratiSThita haiN| dharma tathA darzana meM prArambha se hI ghaniSTha sambandha rahA hai aura darzana zAstra ke suvicArita AdhyAtmika tathyoM ke Upara hI bhAratIya dharma darzana dRr3ha pratiSThita hai| tArkika vicAra paddhati, tattvajJAna, vicAra prayojaka jJAna athavA parIkSAvidhi kA nAma darzana hai| darzana kA mUla udgama koI eka vastu yA siddhAnta hotA hai| jisa vastu yA siddhAnta ko lekara yauktika vicAra kiyA jAe usI kA vaha darzana bana jAtA hai| 'darzana' zabda kA prayoga sabase pahale AtmA se sambandhita vicAra ke artha meM huaa| darzana yAnI vaha tattvajJAna jo AtmA, karma, dharma, svarga, narakAdi kA vicAra kre| darzana arthAt vizva kI mImAMsA, astittva yA nAstittva vicAra athavA sattva zodhakA saadhn| isa prakAra yaha kahA jA sakatA hai ki prAcIna RSi maharSiyoM tathA dArzanikoM ne apanI tAttvika dRSTi se jina-jina tathyoM kA sAkSAtkAra kiyA una tathyoM ko 'darzana' zabda dvArA abhidhIta kiyA gayA tathA jo kacha zraddhA ke dvArA svIkAra kiyA gayA thA usakI vAstavikatA ko tarka dvArA siddha karane ke prabala prayAsa kiye gye| yaha tarIkA buddhi saMgata nahIM hai aisI bAta nahIM kyoMki darzana usa prayAsa kA hI dUsarA nAma hai jo mAnava samAja ke bar3hate hue anubhava kI vyAkhyA ke lie kiyA jAtA hai| ____ bhAratIya dArzanika cintana paramparA meM vividha darzanoM kA prAdurbhAva huaa| jinameM Astika darzanoM ke rUpa meM chaH darzana adhika prasiddha hue-maharSi gautama kA 'nyAyadarzana', kaNAda kA 'vaizeSikadarzana, kapila kA 'sAMkhyadarzana', pataMjali kA 'yogadarzana' jaimini kA 'pUrva mImAMsA' aura bAdarAyaNa kA 'uttara mImAMsA' athavA vedaant'| ye sabhI vaidika darzana ke nAma se jAne jAte haiM kyoMki ye vedoM kI prAmANikatA ko svIkAra karate haiN| bhAratIya darzana paramparA ke anusAra jo darzana vedoM kI prAmANikatA ko svIkAra karate haiM ve Astika kahalAte haiM aura jo vedoM kI prAmANikatA ko svIkAra nahIM karate unheM nAstika kI saMjJA dI gaI hai| kisI bhI darzana kA nAstika yA Astika honA paramAtmA ke astittva ko svIkAra athavA asvIkAra karane para nirbhara na hokara vedoM kI prAmANikatA ko svIkAra
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________________ 82 anekAnta 68/3, julAI-sitambara, 2015 athavA asvIkAra karane para nirbhara hai| manu kA kahanA hai ki nAstika vaha hai jo vedoM kI nindA karatA hai| aisA kahA jAtA hai ki nAstika darzanoM yathA bauddha, jaina aura cArvAk meM se bauddha dharma ke vibhinna sampradAyoM kA udgamana bhI upaniSadoM meM hai yadyapi unheM sanAtana dharma nahIM mAnA jAtA hai kyoMki ve vedoM kI prAmANikatA ko svIkAra nahIM krte| 'kumArila bhaTTa' jinakI sammati ina viSayoM meM prAmANika samajhI jAtI hai svIkAra karate haiM ki bauddha darzana ne upaniSadoM se preraNA lI hai aura ve yaha yukti dete haiM ki inakA uddezya atyanta viSaya bhoga para rokathAma lagAnA thaa| ve yahA~ ghoSaNA karate hai ki ye sabhI prAmANika darzana hai|' samasta bhAratIya darzanoM ko hama do kAloM meM vibhAjita kara sakate haiMsUtrakAla aura vRttikaal| sUtrakAla meM nyAya, vaizeSika, sAMkhya, yoga, mImAMsA tathA vedAnta darzanoM kI racanA huii| sUtra kAla se tAtparya sUtra racanA ke samaya se hI usakA prAraMbha huA, aisA nahIM hai kintu ye sUtra aneka zatAbdiyoM meM kiye gaye cintana aura manana ke phalasvarUpa niSpanna hue haiN| ina sUtroM kA racanA kAla 400 vikrama pUrva se 200 vikrama pUrva taka svIkAra kiyA jAtA hai| sUtra kA lakSaNa batAte hue AcArya kahate haiM ki alpAkSaramasandigdhaM sAravadviSvato mukhm| astobha manavadyaM ca suutrstrvidoviduH|| sUtroM kI bhASA aura gaNArtha ko samajhane ke lie bhASya, vArtika tathA TIkA granthoM kI racanA huii| yaha kAla vRttikAla kahalAtA hai| zavara, kumArila, vAtsyAyana, prazastapAda, zaGkara, rAmAnuja, vAcaspati, dharmakIrti, akalaMka, vidyAnaMda, mANikyanaMdI, prabhAcaMdra Adi AcArya isI yuga meM utpanna hue| vRttikAla kA samaya vikrama saMvat 300 se vi. saM. 1500 taka mAnA jAtA hai| vaidika darzanoM meM sAMkhya darzana sabase prAcIna mAnA jAtA hai| usake bAda kramazaH anya darzanoM kI utpatti aura vikAsa huaa| avaidika darzanoM meM cArvAka meM huI burAIyoM ko dUra karane ke lie IsApUrva chaThI zatAbdI meM mahAtmA buddha ke janma ke bAda bauddha darzana kA abhirbhAva huaa| jainadarzana kI mAnyatAnusAra jaina darzana kI paramparA anAdi kAla se pravAhita hotI calI A rahI hai| vartamAna yuga meM Adi tIrthaMkara RSabhanAtha se lekara caubIsaveM tIrthakara bhagavAna mahAvIra paryanta caubIsa tIrthakaroM ne kAlakrama se jaina dharma aura jainadarzana ke siddhAntoM kA pratipAdana kiyA hai| tathA usI paramparA meM
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________________ anekAnta 68/3, julAI-sitambara, 2015 83 kundakunda, umAsvAmi, samantabhadra, siddhasena, akalaMka, vidyAnaMda, haribhadra, mANikyanaMdi, prabhAcaMda Adi AcAryoM ne jainadarzana ke vikAsa meM mahattvapUrNa yogadAna diyA hai| naiyAyikoM ne sRSTi kI khadAna se zodha pUrvaka padArthoMoM ko khojakara unakI saMkhyA, svabhAva AkAra evaM unakA paraspara sambandha bhI nyAya zAstra se nizcita kiyA hai| ataH yaha zAstradarzana padArtha parIkSaNa rUpa hai| na kevala samagra darzana zAstra apitu sAmAnya vyavahAra meM bhI nyAya paribhASA kA atIva mahattva hai isIlie sabhI darzanoM ke vyavahAra kA dvAra nyAya darzana ko mAnA jAtA hai| upaniSad meM upalabdha vidyA ke bheda ko bAda ke vidvAnoM ne pratipAdya vastutattva ke AdhAra para vibhinna rUpoM meM prastuta kiyA hai / arthazAstra meM 'kauTilya' (327 I pU.) dvArA mAnya vidyA bhedoM kA nirdeza AnvIkSikI, trayI, vArtA aura daNDanIti ina cAra nAmoM se kiyA hai| "AnvIkSikyA hi vivecitA trayI vArttA daNDanItyoH prabhavati" arthAt 'AnvIkSikyA' - pramANoM aura tarkoM se vivecita trayI, vArtA, veda aura daNDanIti kA Adeza kara sakate haiM, kahakara AnvIkSikI kA mahattva batAyA hai| dharmAdharma kA nirNaya vedI se hotA hai, arthAnartha kA nirNaya vArtA se arthAt vANijya vidyA se hotA hai| kauTilya ne isa vidyA kA mahattva darzAte hue likhA hai pradIpaH sarvavidyAnAmupAyaH sarvakarmaNAm / AzrayaH sarvadharmANAM seyamAnvIkSikImatA // arthAt AnvIkSikI sabhI vidyAoM kA pradIpa - prakAzaka hai| sabhI karmoM kA upAya aura sabhI dharmoM kA Azraya hai| isa prakAra kahA jA sakatA hai ki yaha vidyA samyagvyavahAra sAdhanabhUta hai| nyAyasUtra bhASyakAra vAtsyAyana kahate haiM ki-'imAstucatasrovidyAH pRthak prasthAnAH prANabhRtAmanugrahAya updishynte| yAsAM caturthIyamAnvIkSikInyAya vidyA / tasyAH pRthaka prasthAnAH saMzayAdayAH padArthAH teSAM pRthag vacanamantareNa, adhyAtmavidyAmAtramiyaMsyAt yathopaniSad'deg arthAt tattvajJAnagranthoM meM saMzayAdikoM kA vivaraNa nahIM hai, nyAya zAstra ne saMzaya kA vivaraNa karate huai saMzaya nirAkaraNa pUrvaka tattva - jJAna kI prasthApanA kI paddhati batAI hai| yahI kAraNa hai kI nyAya zAstra ke adhyayana binA tattvajJAna kA adhyayana kabhI nahIM ho sktaa| nyAya zAstra kA carama prayojana nizreyasa siddha hI hai| saMzaya rahita nizreyasa prApti yaha nyAya kA pramukha uddezya hai|
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________________ anekAnta 68/3, julAI-sitambara, 2015 __ AnvIkSikI sabhI dharmo kA Azraya hai, jaise dharma se yadi padArtha dharma lie jAyeM to nizcaya hI ve anumAna para hI AdhArita haiM yathA dravya dharma dravyatva kI siddhi dravyaniSTha kArya sAmAnya kI kAraNatA meM kiMcid dharmAvacchinnatva ke anumAna se tathA pRthivI dharma pRthivItva kI siddhI pRthivIniSTa gandha-sAmavAyikAraNatA meM kiMcid dharmAvacchinnatva ke anumAna se hotI hai| dharma se yadi puNya artha liyA jAye to usakI siddhI bhI anumAna se hI hotI hai yathA "svargakAmoyajeta" isa vidhi vAkya se yajJa ko svarga kA kAraNa batAyA gayA hai para yajJa kA anuSThAna pUrA hone para yajJa kartA ko tatkAla svarga kI prApti nahIM hotI apitu vartamAna deha kA avasAna hone para prApti hotI hai, ataH anumAna dvArA yajJa ke dharmarUpa vyApAra kI siddhI kara usake dvArA yajJa meM vedokta svarga kAraNatA kI upapatti kI jAtI hai| isa prakAra AnvIkSikI-anumAna hI padArtha dharmoM kA tathA zAstra vihita karmajanya dharmoM kA sAdhaka hone se unakA Azraya hai| yaha AnvIkSikI pramANa aura tarka dvArA anya sabhI vidyAoM ko pratiSThita karatI hai, prakAza meM lAtI hai aura unheM loka yAtrA ke lie upayogI banAtI hai| maharSi gautama nyAya zAstra ke Adya praNetA mAne jAte haiN| zAstrakAra kA mukhyanAma 'medhAtithi' mAnA jAtA hai kintu prasiddhi gotranAma 'gautama' se hI pAyI jAtI hai| kucha vidvAna inakA nAma 'akSapAda' bhI svIkAra karate haiN| kacha vidvAnoM kA kahanA hai ki medhAtithi gautama mUlarUpa meM satroM ke kartA aura akSapAda pariskartA hai| nyAya evaM vaizeSika donoM darzanoM ko milAkara nyAya zAstra athavA tarka zAstra nAma se isa darzana yugma kI prasiddhi ho gaI thii| yadyapi maharSi gautama nyAya ke AdyapraNetA mAne jAte haiM aura kaSAda vaizeSika darzana ke, kintu vimarza se jJAta hotA hai ki ye dRSTA hI the praNetA nhiiN| bhAratIya siddhAntAnusAra saba zAstroM kA udgama sthAna veda hI hai| usake kisI tattva kA upabRMhaNa zAstra kA svarUpa dhAraNa karatA hai isIlie inheM darzana bhI kahA jAtA hai| mUlabhUta siddhAnta kA pariSkRta darzana hI zAstra kahA jAtA hai| ye hI chaH zAstra haiN| unameM se nyAya zAstra eka hai ata: usakA mUla sAta veda hI hai| Rgveda meM 'savijJAnaM cikitaSe janAya saccAsacca (a.5/7) kahA hai jo gaurava lAghava jJAna meM lAghava jJAna ko hitakAraka batAtA hai yaha nyAya zAstra kA hI viSaya hai| kahA bhI hai ki - zrotavyaH zrutivAkyebhyo mntvyshcopttibhiH| nyAyo mImAMsA dharmazAstrANi zruti:12
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________________ anekAnta 68/3, julAI-sitambara, 2015 - isa prakAra sarvatra nyAya zAstra kA svarUpa spaSTa kiyA hai| tattvajJAna ke sAdhana svarUpa smRtigranthoM meM, prAyaH manusmRti, yAjJavalkya smRti aura viSNu smRti meM isa vidyA kA varNana prApta hotA hai| __ vAtsyAyana ne nyAya bhASya kI bhUmikA meM spaSTa kahA hai ki pramANairarthaparIkSaNaM nyAya:14 arthAt sabhI pramANoM se artha kI parIkSA karanA nyAya hai| nyAya usa vAkya samUha ko bhI kahA jAtA hai jo anya vyakti ko anumAna dvArA kisI viSaya kA bodha karAne ke lie prayukta hotA hai| vAtsyAyana ne use parama nyAya kahA hai aura use vAda, jalpa, vitaNDA rUpa vicAroM kA mUla tathA tattvanirNaya kA AdhAra batAyA hai|15 nyAyazAstra ke bheda : ___ bhAratIya vAGmaya meM nyAya ke do bheda mAne gaye haiM vaidika aura avaidik| jisa nyAya meM veda kA prAmANya svIkRta kiyA gayA hai vaha vaidika hai aura jisameM veda kA prAmANya svIkRta nahIM kiyA gayA hai vaha avaidik| avaidika nyAya meM cArvAk, jaina aura bauddha darzana ke sautrantika, vaibhASika, yogAcAra, mAdhayamika sampradAya tathA anya apane deza ke arvAcIna cintakoM dvArA udbhAvita samagra nyAya kA samAveza hai| vaidika nyAya meM nyAya, vaizeSika, sAMkhya, yoga, pUrvamImAMsA tathA uttaramImAMsA Adi vedAnta ke nyAyoM kA samAveza hai| ukta sabhI nyAya zAstroM me gautamIya nyAya zAstra ko sarvamUrdhanya sthAna prApta hai, kyoMki nyAya kA vivecana tathA nyAya kI praNAlI evaM vastu tatva kA vicAra karane meM jaisI sAvadhAnI aura satarkatA gautamIya nyAya meM apanAyI gayI hai vaisI anya kahIM nahIM apanAI gayI hai| gautamIya vaidika nyAya-zAstra ke samagra vAGgamaya ko do dhArAoM meM vibhAjita kiyA jAtA hai- prameya pradhAna aura pramANa prdhaan| gautama se gaMgeza ke pUrva tarka ke nyAyavid vidvAnoM kI kRtiyA~ prameya pradhAna hai aura gaMgeza kI tattvacintAmaNi tathA usa para AdhArita paravartI vidvAnoM kI samagra kRtiyA~ pramANa pradhAna haiN| prameya pradhAna grantharAzi ko prAcIna nyAya tathA pramANa pradha na grantharAzi ko navya nyAya kahA jAtA hai| prAcIna nyAya tathA navyanyAya meM jo bheda hai vaha mukhyatayA unakI bhASA aura zailI para AdhArita hai| prAcIna nyAya ke granthoM meM jahAM prakAratA, vizeSyatA, saMsargatA, pratiyogitA, anuyogitA, abacchedakatA, abacchedyatA, nirUpakatA, nirUpyatA Adi zabda kaThinAI se prApta hote haiM, vahIM navyanyAya ke granthoM meM inakI bharamAra rahatI hai| navya nyAya
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________________ anekAnta 68/3, julAI-sitambara, 2015 ke ye zabda usameM praveza cAhane vAle adhyetAoM ko ThIka usI prakAra bhayAvane lagate hai jaise kisI durgama vana meM praveza cAhane vAle manuSyoM ko siMha vyAghra Adi hiMsaka jntu| prAcIna nyAya aura navyanyAya kI zailI meM bhI mahAn bheda hai| prAcIna nyAya kI bhASA sarala aura nirADambara hone para bhI prAyogika zailI ke kAraNa itanI saMkSipta aura sAMketika hotI hai ki usakA pratipAdya viSaya bahuta zIghratA se spaSTa nahIM ho pAtA, bahuta se anumAna aise prayukta hote haiM ki zailI kI duHzIlatA ke kAraNa hI jisakA anumAnatva spaSTa nahIM ho pAtA tathA pakSa, sAdhya aura hetu kI vizada pratipatti nahIM ho paatii| kintu navyanyAya kI bhASA ADambara pUrNa tathA svarUpataH durgama hote huai bhI zailI kI zAlInatA ke kAraNa arthataH atyanta spaSTa hotI hai| viSaya tathA pratipAdana donoM ke guNadoSa candramA kI dhavalimA ke samAna spaSTa dikhate haiN| prAcIna nyAya aura navyanyAya meM eka antara aura bhI hai vaha yaha ki prAcIna nyAya meM viSaya kA pratipAdana sthUla hotA hai usake vicAra talasparzI nahIM hote haiM tathA ve viSaya ke bAhyakalevara kA sparzakara rUka jAte hai| kintu navyanyAya meM viSaya kA pratipAdana sUkSmatA se hotA hai| usake vicAra viSaya ke sarvAMga kA sparza karate haiN| tathya yaha hai ki nyAya zAstra ke prAcIna nyAya aura navyanyAya ke nAma se jo prasthAna pratiSThita haiM unakA AdhAra hai pratipAdya viSaya kA gauNa-pradhAna bhAva tathA bhASA aura zailI kI bhinnatA, kintu donoM prasthAnoM kA mUla srota eka hI hai aura vaha hai gautama kA nyAyadarzana 'nyaaysuutr'| ___10-11 vIM zatAbdI meM jaba bauddha dharma kA patana huA to bhAratIya itihAsa meM eka abhinava yuga kA Arambha huaa| isI samaya navyanyAya kA srajana huaa| navyanyAya meM sUtra granthoM kI upekSA aura svatantra granthoM kA nirmANa Arambha huaa| prAcIna nyAya kI bhASA ati sarala thI kintu navyanyAya kI bhASA jaTila hotI calI gaI sambhavataH isIlie ki isa yuga meM bauddhoM ke sAtha saiddhAntika yuddha calatA rahA jisase vAdI ko harAne ke lie bhASA kI jaTilatA vyUha racanA ko sAtha lekara uhApoha para AdhArita ho gaI thii| navya nyAya ke pravartaka gaMgezopAdhyAya ko navyanyAya kA pitA kahA jAtA hai| nyAya kA artha hai- vibhinna pramANoM ke dvArA artha kA parIkSaNa
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________________ 87 anekAnta 68/3, julAI-sitambara, 2015 krnaa| nyAya darzana meM cAra pramANa mAne gaye haiM- pratyakSa, anumAna, upamAna aura zabda (aagm)| isakA dUsarA nAma vAdavidyA bhI hai| kyoMki isameM vAda meM prayukta hetu, hetvAbhAsa, chala, jAti, nigrahasthAna Adi kA varNana kiyA gayA hai| nyAya sUtra ke racayitA gautamaRSi haiM inhIM kA nAma akSapAda hai| nyAya darzana ko mAnane vAle naiyAyika kahalAte haiN| naiyAyikoM ne pramANa, prameya, saMzaya, prayojana, dRSTAnta, siddhAnta, avayava, tarka, nirNaya, vAda, jalpa, vitaNDA, chala, jAti aura nigrahasthAna ye solaha padArtha mAne haiN| tathA AtmA, zarIra, indriya, artha, buddhi, mana, pravRtti doSa, pratyabhAva (pUnarjanma), phala, dukha, aura apavarga (mukti) ye 12 prameya mAne haiN| naiyAyika sannkirSa ko pramANa mAnate haiN| tathA use asvasaMvadI mAnA gayA hai| unakA mata hai ki jJAna svayaM apanA pratyakSa nahIM karatA hai kintu dUsare jJAna ke dvArA usakA pratyakSa hotA hai| naiyAyikoM ke samAna vaizeSika bhI sannikarSa ko pramANa mAnate haiN| donoM ne hI artha aura Aloka ko jJAna kA kAraNa mAnA hai| donoM hI gRhItagrAhI dhArAvAhika jJAna ko pramANa mAnate haiM tathA AtmA ko zarIra parimANa na mAnakara vyApaka mAnate haiN| saSTi kA karttA Izvara ko mAnate haiM tathA donoM hI darzanoM ne hetu ke pAMcarUpa (pakSadharmatva, sapakSasatva, vipakSavyAvRtti, abAdhita viSayatva aura asatpratipakSatva) mAne haiN| tathA anumAna ke pratijJA, hetu, udAharaNa, upanaya aura nigamana ye pAMca avayava mAne haiN| nyAya darzana bhAratIya darzanoM kI mahattvapUrNa zAkhA hai jisakA jJAna na kevala darzana-zAstroM ko samajhane ke lie apitu saMskRta vAGmaya kI anya zAkhAoM se svayaM ko bhI avagata karAne ke lie nitAnta Avazyaka hai| prArambha se hI sabhI zAstroM para nyAya zAstra kI gaharI chApa par3I hai aura usakI mAnya paddhatiyoM ke anusAra hI anya zAstroM kA vikAsa huA hai| kintu jaba bauddha sampradAya ke vidvAnoM ne vaidika darzanoM kI mAnyatAoM kI AlocanA karate hue eka navIna tarka pradhAna vicAra dRSTi prastuta kI tathA vaicArika jagat meM aisI krAnti utpanna kI jisase bhArata kI purAtana mAnyatAe~ aura maryAdAe~ abhibhUta hone lgiiN| taba Avazyaka huA ki zAstrIya vicAroM meM nyAyapaddhati ko aisA abhinava rUpa diyA jAya jisase vivAdAspada viSayoM ke sambandha meM gambhIra aura yathArtha cintana kiyA jA ske| phalata: nyAya meM eka nayI zailI kA avirbhAva huA jo bhASA aura saraNi kI dRSTi se atyanta praur3ha aura pariSkRta thii| nyAya kI yaha zailI 'navyanyAya' zabda se abhihita hone lagI
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________________ 88 anekAnta 68/3, julAI-sitambara, 2015 aura isa zailI kA prathama grantha 'tattvacintAmaNi' gaNezopAdhyAya ne likhaa| kauTilya kA anusaraNa karate hue jainAcArya somadeva ne (959I) meM likhA hai ki AnvIkSikI vidyA kA pAThaka hetuoM ke dvArA kAryoM ke balAbala kA vicAra karatA hai, saMkaTa meM kheda khinna nahIM hotA, abhyudaya meM madonmatta nahIM hotA aura buddhi kauzala tathA vAkkauzala ko prApta karatA hai| kintu manusmRti meM AnvIkSikI ko AtmavidyA" kahA hai aura somadeva ne bhI AnvIkSikI ko adhyAtmaviSaya me prayojanIya batalAyA hai| naiyAyika vAtsyAyana ne apane nyAyabhASya ke Arambha meM likhA hai ki ye cAroM vidyAyeM prANiyoM ke upakAra ke lie kahI gayI haiN| jinameM caturthI yaha AnvIkSikI nyAyavidyA hai| isake pRthaka prasthAna saMzaya Adi padArtha hai, yadi una saMzaya Adi kA kathana na kiyA jAye to yaha kevala adhyAtmavidyA ho jAyegI, jaise ki upnissd| isakA Azaya yaha hai ki yadi AnvIkSikI meM nyAya zAstra pratipAdita saMzaya, chala, jAti Adi kA prayoga kiyA jAtA hai to vaha nyAyavidyA hai anyathA to adhyAtmavidyA hai| isa taraha AnvIkSikI kA viSaya AdhyAtma bhI hai aura hetuvAda bhI hai| inameM se AtmavidyA rUpa AnvIkSikI kA vikAsa 'darzana' kahalAyA tathA hetuvidyA rUpa AnvIkSikI kA vikAsa 'nyAya' khlaayaa| vAtsyAyana bhASya meM 'AnvIkSikI' kA artha nyAya vidyA karate hae likhA hai ki 'pratyakSa aura Agama ke anukala anumAna ko anvIkSA kahate haiN| ataH pratyakSa aura Agama se dekhe hue vastutattva ke paryAlocana yA yuktAyuktavicAra kA nAma anvIkSA hai aura jisameM vaha ho use AnvIkSikI kahate haiN| nyAya' zabda kI vyutpatti karate hue bhI zAstrakAroM ne isakA yahI artha kiyA hai ki jisake dvArA nizcit aura nirvAdha vastutatva kA jJAna hotA hai use nyAya kahate haiN| aisA jJAna pramANa ke dvArA hotA hai isI se nyAya viSayaka granthoM kA mukhya pratipAdya pramANa siddha hotA hai| akSapAda ne nyAya zAstra ko lekara hI eka darzana kI sthApanA kI thI jise nyAyadarzana kahate haiN| isa darzana ne solaha padArtho ke tattvajJAna se mokSa kI prApti mAnA hai| una solaha padArthoM meM jalpa, vitaNDA, hetvAbhAsa, chala, jAti Adi bhI haiN| jinakA upayoga mukhyarUpa se vAdavivAda meM hI hotA hai| nyAya darzana ke nyAyasUtra nAmaka mUla grantha meM ina sabakA sAMgopAMga varNana hai|
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________________ anekAnta 68/3, julAI-sitambara, 2015 jaba bauddhoM aura jainoM ne nyAya zAstra kI ora apanA dhyAna AkarSita kiyA taba taka nyAyadarzana isa vidyA meM pUrNa unnati kara cukA thaa| 89 nyAyasUtroM ke udbhava kA sunizcita kAla jJAta nahIM hai, kintu eka suvyavasthita darzana ke rUpa meM nyAyadarzana kA udbhava anya prAcIna darzanoM se arvAcIna hai| bauddha" dArzanika nAgArjuna ne apanI kRti nyAya darzana ke solaha padArthoM para AkSepa kiyA hai ataH nAgArjuna ke samaya meM nyAyasUtra kisI na kisI rUpa meM upasthita honA caahie| nAgArjuna ke pUrva bauddha dharma meM kisI ne nyAyasUtra kI ora dhyAna nahIM diyA thA parantu jaba nAgArjuna ke siddhAnta ko amAnya kiyA gayA to bauddha dArzanika asaMga aura vasubandhu ne nyAya zAstra kI ora dhyAna diyA / vasubandhu tarka zAstra ke prasiddha viddhAna hue haiN| unhoMne tarka zAstra para tIna prakaraNa bhI race hai| unake pazcAt diGnAga aura dharmakIrti bauddha dArzanika ne nyAya zAstra ko yathArtharUpa meM svIkAra karake 'bauddha nyAya' ko pratiSThita kiyaa| bauddha nyAya ke pitA diGnAga aura unake anuyAyI dharmakIrti ke pazcAta jainaparamparA meM jainanyAya ke prasthApaka akalaMka deva kA janma huA aura jainadarzana meM jainanyAya para svataMtra granthoM kI racanA huii| jaise yuddhakAla meM yuddha ke upakaraNoM kA vikAsa hotA hai vaise hI vividha darzanoM ke pArasparika saMgharSa kAla meM svapakSa ke rakSaNa aura parapakSa ke nirAkaraNa ke lie tarka zAstra kA vikAsa huaa| rasiyana vidvAna ciraviTskI ne 'bauddha nyAya' nAmaka vidvattApUrNa graMtha ke prAraMbha meM likhA hai ki bauddhanyAya se hama tarka zAstra kI usa paddhati kA bodha karate haiM jisakA nirmANa IsA kI 6-7 vIM zatAbdI meM bauddha dharma ke do mahAna tArkika diGanAga aura dharmakIrti ne kiyA thaa| inake sAhitya meM sarvaprathama parArthAnumAna kA varNana hai| ataH parArthAnumAna hI tarka yA zabda se kahe jAne ke lie sarvathA upayukta hai| dUsaroM ko samajhAne ke lie jo anumAna prayoga kiyA jAtA hai use parArthAnumAna kahate hai| vikalpa yA adhyavasAya, apohavAda aura svArthAnumAna ke siddhAnta usI parArthAnumAna kI dena hai| jaina paramparAnusAra jaina nyAya ke bIja Agama sAhitya meM to prApta hote hI haiM sAtha hI darzana yuga ke praNetA AcArya kundakunda AcArya samantabhadra, AcArya siddhasena Adi AcAryoM ne apane-apane granthoM meM nyAyavidyA ko sthAna diyA, parantu jaina nyAya kA pUrNavikasita rUpa AcArya
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________________ anekAnta 68/3, julAI-sitambara, 2015 akalaMka ke granthoM meM prApta hotA hai tathA isI kAraNa unheM jainanyAya kA janaka kahA jAtA hai| AcArya akalaMka kI hI paraMparA ko anavarata rakhate huye AcArya haribhadra, vidyAnandi, mANikyanandi Adi AcAryoM ne isa nyAyavidyA ko puSTa kiyA tathA AcArya prabhAcandra ne apanI tArkika medhA ke bala se AcArya akalaMka ke laghIyastraya para nyAyakumudacandra evaM AcArya mANikyanandi ke parIkSAmukhasUtra para mahAbhASya svarUpa prameyakamalamArtaNDa TIkA likhakara jainanyAya ke svarUpa ko pUrNatA pradAna kii| isa prakAra nyAyazAstra meM pramANa aura usake aMgopAMgoM anumAnAdi ke vivecana kA hI prAdhAnya hai aura adyatana isI AdhAra para anekAneka svataMtra graMtha race gaye haiN| saMdarbha1. vidyAM cAvidyAM ca yastad vedobhayaM sh| avidyA mRtyu tIA vidyyaa'mRtmngghnut|| IvAvAsyopaniSad, mantra 11 2. dve vidye veditvye hi parA caivAparA ca te| rUdrahRdayopaniSad, mantra 28 / 3. muNDakopaniSad, maMtra 41 4. tatraparA Rgvedo yajurveda:sAmavedo'tharvavedaH ciAkSA kalpo vyAkaraNaM nirUktaM chando jyotissmiti| atha parA yyaatdkssrmdhiaagmyte|munnddkopnissd, maMtra 51 6. nAstiko vednindkH| manusmRti 2:11 / 7. tantravArtika, 1/3/2, pR., 81 / 8. kauTilya artha zAstra-1/2/11 9. kauTilya artha shaastr-1/2/1| 10. nyAyabhASya 1.1.11 11. nyAyabhASya 1.1.11 12 uddhata, sAMkhya pravacana, pR. 41 13. sAMkhya darzanam , pra. pari. 1/25 pR. 3071 14. vAtsyApana bhA. 1/1/1 / 15. nyAyabhASya sUtra 1/1 / 16. AnvIkSikI trayI vArtA daNDanIti ceti ctsroraajvidyaaH| adhIyAno hyAnvIkSikI kAryANAbalAbalaM hetubhirvicArayati, vyasanezu na viSIdati, nAbhyudayena vikAryate samadhigacchati prajJAvAkyavai shaardym|| nI.vA , zloka 561 17. manusmRti, a. 7, zloka 43 / 18. AnvIkSikyadhayAtmaviSaye.. 1160 / / nItivAkyAmRta, zloka 601 19. nyAyabhASya 1/1/1 | 20. vAtsyAyanabhASya, 1/1/1 / 21. nIyate jJAyate vivakSitArtho nenati nyAyaH-nyAyakusumojalio ___ -nitarAmIyante gamyante gavyarthAnAM jJAnArthatvAt jJAyante'rthAH anityatvAstitvAdayo'neneti nyAyaH tarka maargH| nyAya prave zapajikA pR.11 -nizcitaM ca nirvAdhaM ca vstutttvmiiyte'nenetinyaayH| nyAyavini cayAlaMkAra, bhA.1, pR.33| - sahAyaka AcArya, jainavidyA evaM tulanAtmaka dharma tathA darzana vibhAga jaina vizvabhAratI vizvavidyAlaya, lADanUM (rAjasthAna)
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________________ anekAnta 68/3, julAI-sitambara, 2015 abhinaMdana prAcArya nihAlacaMda jaina- nidezaka vIra sevA maMdira sammAnita hue 91 (1) ahiMsA inTaranezanala zrI jinendravarNI jainadharma pracAra-prasAra puraskAra 2014 (2) zrI zyAmasundaralAla zAstrI zrutaprabhAvaka nyAsa-raIdhU puraskAra varSa 2015 naI dillii| kunda kunda bhAratI meM di. 8 mArca, 2015 ko zvetapicchAcArya zrI vidyAnaMda jI munirAja ke sAnnidhya meM ahiMsA inTarenazanala puraskAra 2014 bhavya samAroha meM paM. nihAlacaMda jaina ko ahiMsA iMTaranezanala zrI jinendravarNI jainadharma pracAra-prasAra puraskAra pradatta kiyA gyaa| isI prakAra dUsarA puraskAra "zrI zyAmasundaralAla zAstrI zrutaprabhAvaka nyAsa - raIdhU puraskAra - varSa 2015", mahAvIra jayaMtI ke suavasara para phirojAbAda (u.pra.) jaina melA meM 3 apraila ko pradatta kiyA gyaa| ullekhanIya hai ki paM. nihAlacaMda jaina, jainadarzana kI vaijJAnikatA ke supratiSThita lekhaka aura pravacanakAra haiN| Apane abhI taka 18 pustakoM kA sRjana va saMpAdana kiyA hai, jisameM kaI pustakeM puraskRta bhI haiN| zatAdhika vidvatsaMgoSThiyoM meM sahabhAgitA aura saMyojana kara jainadharma ke pracAra-prasAra meM bahumUlya yogadAna diyA hai| vartamAna meM Apa- vIra sevA maMdira zodha saMsthAna dariyAgaMja naI dillI ke nidezaka ke rUpa meM jaina sAhitya ke zodhArthiyoM aura navodita vidvAnoM ko mArgadarzana pradAna kara rahe haiN| isake pUrva bhI Apa aneka puraskAroM se sammAnita ho cuke haiN| vIra sevA maMdira ke adhyakSa evaM sabhI padAdhikAriyoM kI ora se hArdika badhAI evaM Apake svastha va dIrghAyu kI maMgala kAmanA karate haiN| vI. ke. jaina, mahAmaMtrI vIra sevA maMdira, naI dillI-2
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________________ anekAnta 68/3, julAI-sitambara, 2015 pustaka samIkSA pratiSThAcArya vimalakumAra sorayA-abhinaMdana grantha "pratiSThA-prajJa' pradhAna saMpAdaka- prAcArya nihAlacaMda jaina-nidezaka vIra sevA maMdira-zodha saMsthAna, dariyAgaMja, naI dillI-2, saMyojaka-DaoN. arihaMta jaina- 30 rAdhikA vihAra-2, sIpata roDa, bilAsapura (cha.ga), lokArpaNa prasaMga- zrI majjinendra paMcakalyANaka pratiSThA mahotsava- eka mArca 2015, siddhakSetra madanapura (lalitapura)u.pra. sAnnidhya-paramapUjya adhyAtma yogI A. zrI vizuddhasAgara jI mahArAja sasaMgha, sahayoga rAzi- ru.501/- ArTapepara para kalaraphula priMTiga pR. sa.564, prApti sthAna evaM prakAzaka-vItarAga vANI TrasTa raji. sela sAgara-TIkamagar3ha (ma.pra.) / pAMca khaNDoM meM vibhAjita-prathama khaNDa meM 42 jainAcAryo/munirAjoM/ AryikAoM ke maMgala AzIrvAda, 115 vidvAnoM/sAhityakAroM kI zubhakAmanAeM evaM sureza 'sarala' kI kalama se sorayA jI kI jIvana-gAthA, tRtIya khaNDa-pratiSThAcArya sorayA jI ke dasa mahatvapUrNa zodhAlekha evaM viziSTa cayanita sampAdakIya (saMkhyA-30), caturthakhaNDa meM 33 prabhRta vidvAnoM ke zodhAlekha/ pAMcavA~ khaNDa- pariziSTa ke rUpa meM, abhinaMdana graMtha-jIvanopayogI aura lokakalyANakArI AlekhoM kA samuccaya hai tathA zUnya se zikhara taka utkarSa kI eka anakahI gAthA kA guNthn| pUjya AcAryoM munirAjoM ke 24 raMgIna citr| pUjya gaNeza varNI jI-mar3AvarA jinakI karmabhUmi rahI kA smaraNa-(phula sAija citra dvArA), sorayA jI evaM parivAra kI durlabha citroM kI jhalakiyA~, saMkhyA lagabhaga 160 (jo graMtha ke 30 pRSThoM meM) samAhita hai| isameM 45 varSIya dharmaprabhAvanA ke kAryakAla meM aneka sthAnoM se prApta abhinaMdana patra, prazasti patra, sammAna-patroM meM se kucha upAdhiyoM se alaMkRta prazasti patroM ke chAyA citr| grantha saMgrahaNIya / paThanIya tathA zodhArthiyoM ke lie saMdarbhita grantha hai|
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________________ anekAnta 68/3, julAI-sitambara, 2015 (2) zramaNa saMskRti prajJa- pro. bhAgacandra 'bhAskara' gaurava grantha ( prathama khaNDa ) 93 pradhAna saMpAdaka- pro. rAdhA ballabha tripAThI, prakAzaka- zrI bhA0 digambara jaina (tIrtha saMrakSiNI) mahAsabhA - naI dillI, saMpAdaka maNDalaDaoN. premacanda jaina, DaoN. puSpalatA jaina nAgapura evaM DaoN. narendra kumAra jaina, gAjiyAbAda, prabandha saMpAdaka - pavana kumAra jaina, naI dillii| mUlya : 1500ru. kula pRSTha saMkhyA - 550, mudraka - AnaMda kumAra jaina, dI mahAvIra presa- bhelUpura, vArANasI (u.pra.), SaSTha khaNDoM meM vibhAjita - prathama khaNDa meM Atmakathya evaM prazasti dvitIya khaNDa meM - AcAryoM ( 15 ) ke zubhAzIrvacana tathA lagabhaga 18 mUrdhanya vidvAnoM, sAhityakAroM jaina patrakAroM evaM kaviyoM kI shubhkaamnaaeN| tRtIya khaNDa- sRjana, sAkSya jaina vAGmaya ke aMtargata bhAskara jI ke dvArA sRjita granthoM ke sAra saMkSepa evaM zodhAlekha jinakI saMkhyA lagabhaga 68 hai| caturtha khaNDa- sRjana sAkSya - bauddha vAGmaya - bauddha darzana ke adhIti manISI DaoN. bhAskara dvArA sRjita granthoM ke lagabhaga 31 shodhaalekh| paMcama khaNDa- sRjana sAkSya svaracita saMskRta prAkRta - hindI kAvya, SaSTha khaNDa- pro. bhAskara jI ke katipaya ciMtanaparaka Alekha ( saMkhyA 25 ) samAhita hai| zodhArthiyoM ke lie sandarbhita grantha hai / sampUrNa gaurava-grantha DaoN. bhAskara ke dvArA sRjita zatAdhika granthoM kI samIkSA, saMkSipta paricaya evaM zodhAlekhoM kA samuccaya hai| grantha- atyanta mahatvapUrNa paThanIya evaM vizvavidyAlayoM ke pustakAlayoM ke lie upayogI hai| lagabhaga 20 pRSThoM kA ArTa pepara para kalaraphula citroM kI jhalakiyA~, jo pArivArika tathA sammAnita puraskAroM evaM deza videzoM meM sahabhAgitA karate hue saMgoSThiyoM ke haiN| samIkSAkAra- prA. paM. nihAlacaMda jaina, nidezaka, vIra sevA maMdira, naI dillI
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________________ 94 anekAnta 68/3, julAI-sitambara, 2015 pAThakoM ke patra... 'anekAnta' niyamita prApta ho rahe haiN| isameM prakAzita zodhapUrNa aura tarkabaddha lekha kaI jijJAsAoM kA samAdhAna karate haiN| zrI anila agravAla kA lekha 'krama niyamita vizeSaNa kA abhipretArtha viSaya vastu para acchA prakAza DAlatA hai| mukhapRSTha ke anta:bhAga meM prAcIna pratimAoM ke citra. bhittIcitra tAr3apatroM zilAlekhoM ke citra prakAzita karanA eka sarAhanIya kadama hai jo pAThaka kI bhAvadazA ko unnata karatA hai evaM zodha-nibaMdhoM ko AtmasAt karane kI pUrva bhUmikA taiyAra karatA hai| sampAdaka maNDala kA bahuta-bahuta abhinNdn| ___ - mahendra motIlAla gAMdhI (se.ni. iMjI.) mumbaI 'anekAnta' naye pariveza meM prakAzita ho rahA hai| tadartha bdhaaii| jUna 2014 aMka meM saMpAdakIya- 'vartamAna meM zramaNacaryA kI visaMgatiyA~ evaM nidAna' pddh'aa| sampAdaka vidvAna ne 'cala tIrtha' kI Agamokta vyavasthA ke saMdarbha meM bahumukhI- kahIM kahIM lajjAjanaka sthiti ko rekhAMkita kara sudha ra hetu dhyAna AkarSita kiyA hai|.... sitambara 2014 aMka kA saMpAdakIya 'purAtattva evaM nava nirmANa' vicArottejaka aura dizA bodhaka hai| donoM aMkoM ke Alekha zodhaparaka paThanIya haiN| sampAdaka maNDala kA aabhaar| - DaoN. rAjendra kumAra baMsala, bI-369, opIema kAlonI, amalAI (zahaDola) ma.pra. Respected Pt. Nihalchand Jain Thank you very much for a quarterly research journal for Jainology "Anekant". Jain model of life spam, a scientific approach by Dr. Samani Chaitya Pragya is a wonderful article, bringing Science and religion together. I am layman ignorant and your sir have deep study of jainology. Kindly keeping touch with me. - T. K. Jain C-3A/86-B, Janakpuri, New Delhi-110058
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________________ anekAnta 68/3, julAI-sitambara, 2015 vIra sevA maMdira navIna kAryakAriNI samiti-2015 pada nAma adhyakSa zrI bhArata bhUSaNa jaina (eDavokeTa) upAdhyakSa zrI rUpacaMda kaTAriyA upAdhyakSa zrI dhanapAla siMha jaina mahAmaMtrI zrI vinoda kumAra jaina maMtrI zrI surendra kumAra jaina maMtrI zrI sunIla kumAra jaina koSAdhyakSa zrI dharmabhUSaNa jaina sadasya zrI subhASa jaina (zakuna prakAzana) sadasya zrI cakreza jaina (bijalI vAle) sadasya jasTisa abhaya gohila sadasya zrI vimala prasAda jaina sadasya zrI vijendra jaina sadasya zrI madana lAla jaina sadasya zrI jagadIza prasAda jaina sadasya zrI zrIkizora jaina sadasya zrI yogeza jaina sadasya zrI pratApa jaina sadasya zrI pravIna kumAra jaina sadasya zrI pavana kumAra jaina sadasya zrI pradIpa jaina sadasya zrI manoja kumAra jaina kaoNpTa sadasya zrI pramoda kumAra jaina kaoNpTa sadasya zrI vipina jaina kaoNpTa sadasya zrI satyendra jaina mobAila 9810273537 9871205252 9811676030 9958698839 9873932262 9871799916 9810125495 9910405101 9810416503 9425113500 8800299677 9350776553 9899094674 9310023288 9910690823 9810104607 9311820977 9312200794 9312802754 9811469228 9999866868 9810356201 9811062677 9312534901
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________________ anekAnta 68/3, julAI-sitambara, 2015 avasara kA lAbha uThAyeM - svAdhyAya ke prati ruci jgaayeN| vIra sevA maMdira ke nimnAMkita granthoM para vizeSa chaTa nimnAMkita granthoM para 50% kI vizeSa chUTa dI jA rahI hai| sAtha hI 10 pustakoM kA seTa upahAra meM granthoM ke sAtha ni:zulka diyA jaayegaa| dhanarAzi caika/DrAphTa yA sIdhe saMsthA ke khAtA saM. 603210100007664 baiMka Apha iNDiyA, dariyAgaMja brAMca naI dillI dvArA jamA kiyA jA sakatA hai| granthoM kA nAma lekhaka/TIkAkAra 1.jaina lakSaNAvali bhAga-23 paM. bAlacaMda siddhAnta. 1500ru. 2.yugavIra nibaMdhAvalI khaNDa-1 paM. jugalakizora 'mukhtAra 210ru. 3.jaina grantha prazasti saMgraha bhA.-2 paM. paramAnaMda zAstrI 150ru 4.dhyAnazataka tathA dhyAna stava paM. bAlacaMda siddhAnta. 100ru. 5.parama digambara gommaTezvara nIraja jaina, satanA 75ru. 6.digambaratva kI khoja DaoN. ramezacandra jaina 100ru. 7.Jain Bibiliography I&II Chhotelal Jain 1500ru. 8.niSkampa dIpazikhA paM.padamacaMda zAstrI 120ru. 9.tattvAnuzAsana AcArya rAma sena 100ru. 10.samIcIna dharmazAstra paM. jugalakizora 'mukhtAra' 150ru. upahAra svarUpa dI jAne vAlI pustakoM kA seTa 1. merI bhAvanA aMgrejI sahita paM. jugalakizora 'mukhtAra' 2. mahAvIra jina pUjA paM. jugalakizora 'mukhtAra' 3. zrIyura pArzvanAtha stotra paM. jugalakizora 'mukhtAra' 4. samantabhadra vicAra dIpikA paM. jugalakizora 'mukhtAra' 5. hama du:khI kyoM haiM ? paM. jugalakizora 'mukhtAra' 6. Basic Tenets of Jainism Dasrath Jain 7. samayapAhuDa rUpacaMda kaTAriyA 8. vArasANu A. kundakunda 9. mahAvIra kA sarvodaya tIrtha paM. jugalakizora 'mukhtAra' 10.upAsanA tattva tathA upAsanA DhaMga paM. jugalakizora 'mukhtAra' AdezAnusAra- mahAmaMtrI, vIra sevA maMdira
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________________ anekAnta 68/4, akTU-disambara, 2015 Year-68, Volume-4 RNINo. 10591/62 Oct-Dec.. 2015 ISSN 0974-8768 anekAnta (janavidyA evaM prAkRta bhASAoM kI traimAsika zodha patrikA) ANEKANT (A Quarterly Research Journal for Jainology & Prakrit Languages) (jainadharma aura Ayurveda vizeSAMka) sampAdaka DaoN. jayakumAra jaina, mujaphpharanagara (u.pra.) mo. 09760002389 vIra sevA mandira, naI dillI-110 002 Vir Sewa Mandir, New Delhi-110 002
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________________ anekAnta 68/4, akTU-disambara, 2015 ANEKANT anekAnta (janavidyA evaM prAkRta bhASAoM kI traimAsika zodha patrikA) saMsthApaka AcArya jugalakizora mukhtAra 'yugavIra' (A Quarterly Research Journal for for Jainology & Prakrit Languages) Founder Acharya Jugalkishor Mukhtar 'Yugveer' sampAdaka maNDala prA. paM. nihAlacaMda jaina-bInA (nidezaka vIra sevA maMdira-naI dillI) pro. DaoN. rAjArAma jaina-noeDA pro. DaoN. vRSabhaprasAda jaina, lakhanaU prA. DaoN. zItalacanda jaina,jayapura pro. DaoN. zreyAMsakumAra jaina, bar3auta zrI rUpacaMda kaTAriyA, naI dillI pro. ema.ela. jaina, naI dillI Editorial Board Pt. Nihal Chand Jain- Bina Director-Vir Sewa Mandir-New Delhi Prof. Dr. Raja Ram Jain- Noida Prof. Dr.Vrashabh Prasad Jain,Lucknow Pracharya Shital Chand Jain, Jaipur Prof. Dr. Shreyans Kr. Jain, Baraut Sh. Roop Chand Kataria, New Delhi Prof. M.L. Jain, New Delhi patrikA zulka/ Journal Subscription eka aMka-rupaye 25/- vArSika - ru. 100/Each issue - Rs. 25/- Yearly - Rs. 100/ sabhI patrAcAra patrikA evaM sampAdakIya hetu patA - vIra sevA maMdira (jainadarzana zodha saMsthAna) 21, aMsArI ror3a, dariyAgaMja, naI dillI -110002 All correspondence for the journal & Editorial Vir Sewa Mandir (A Research Institution for Jainology) 21, Ansari Road, Daryaganj, New Delhi-110002 phona naM. 011-30120522, 23250522, 09311050522 e-mail-virsewa@gmail.com Our Banker : Bank of India A/C No. 603210100007664, Ansari Road, Daryaganj, New Delhi (IFSC- BKID0006032) vidvAna lekhakoM ke vicAroM se sampAdaka maMDala kA sahamata honA Avazyaka nahIM hai| lekhoM meM diye gaye tathyoM aura sandarbho kI prAmANikatA ke saMbaMdha meM lekhaka svayaM uttaradAyI haiM sabhI prakAra ke vivAdoM kA nipaTArA dillI nyAyAlaya ke adhIna hogaa|
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________________ anekAnta 68/4, akTU-disambara, 2015 AdhyAtmika - bhajana aise vimala bhAva jaba pAvai, taba hama narabhava suphala khaavai|| ttek|| darazabodhamaya nija Atama lakhi, paradravyaniko nahiM apnaavai| moha-rAga-ruSa ahita jAna taji, jhaTita dUra tinako chuttkaavai|| aise vimala bhAva... / / 1 / / karma zubhAzubhabaMdha udaya meM, harSa viSAda citta nahiM lyaavai| nija-hita-heta virAga jJAna lakhi, tinasauM adhika prIti upjaavai|| aise vimala bhaav...||2|| viSaya cAha taji AtmavIrya saji dukhadAyaka vidhibaMdha khiraavai| "bhAgacanda' zivasukha saba sukhamaya, AkulatA bina lakhi cita caavai|| aise vimala bhaav...||3|| - kavivara 'bhAgacanda'
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________________ anekAnta 68/4, akTU-disambara, 2015 viSayAnukramaNikA viSaya lekhaka kA nAma pRSTha saMkhyA 1. 'merI bhAvanA' kA rAjasthAnI anuvAda 5-6 2. sthAyI stambha- yugavIra-guNAkhyAna prA. nihAlacaMda jaina 7-11 3. saMpAdakIya- DaoN. jayakumAra jaina, paM. nihAlacaMda jaina 12-17 4. prANAvAya pUrva jainAyurveda aura A. rAjakumAra jaina 18-27 zAzvata jIvana vijJAna 5. kaivalya vRkSoM kA auSadhIya mahatva siMghaI jayakumAra jaina 28-39 6. joNipAhuDa : eka anuzIlana DaoN. udayacandra jaina 40-44 7. Ayurveda aura jainAcAra vaidyarAja paM.dharmacandra jaina 45-53 8. vanaspati vijJAna aura Ayurveda vaidya phUlacaMda zAstrI 54-58 9. jainAyurveda ke graMthoM aura pANDulipiyoM kI upekSA AcArya rAjakumAra jaina 59-65 10. 'kalyANakAraka' meM dravya-guNa DaoN. harizcandra jaina 66-70 cikitsA 11. jainAcAra Ayurveda hI hai rAjakumAra zAstrI 71-74 12. sallekhanA : jainadharma kI sarvocca pro. phUlacaMda jaina 'premI' 75-86 sAdhanA, nA ki AtmahatyA 13. pAThakoM ke patra.... 87-88 14. Avazyaka sUcanA 89 15. graMtha samIkSA paM. nihAlacaMda jaina 90-92 16. zraddhAMjali - lA. ajitaprasAda jaina 17. sakArAtmaka soca prastuti - rAkhI jaina 94-95 18. graMtha sUcI vIra sevA maMdira prakAzana 93 96
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________________ anekAnta 68/4 akTU-disambara, 2015 'merI bhAvanA' (1916 ) ke sau varSa pUrNa hone para vizeSa..... merI bhAvanA kA rAjasthAnI padyAnuvAda mhArI bhAvanA jaNA rAga dvesa ne jItyo, jItyo ne jANyo saMsAra / sagalA jIvA~ re hita khAtira kIdho gyAna dhyAna paracAra / tIrthaMkara vai yA paigambara, yA kevo uNa ne avatAra / uNa rI hA~cI bhagati vAtai, rAkhU~ saba jIvA~ su~ pyAra / / 1 / / visaya bhoga rI Asa nahIM, samatA ro dhaNa rAkhai haiM / apaNI dUjA rI AtmA rI, divasa rAta cintA rAkhai haiM / svAratha-tyAga rI dorI tapasyA, khuzI-khuzI jI kara levai / vI hA~cA sAdhu duniyA rA dukha-daradA~ ne hara levai / / 2 / / asA sAdhu sajanA~ rI saMgata, roja mhane malatI rehvai| hau-hau vAtA~ su~ jIvana rI, phulavArI khilatI rehvai| kaNI jIva ne dukha nI deU~, jhUTha kadI nI bolU~ huuN| nAra parAI ne Adara dU~, mA~ - bainA mhArI mAnU~ || 3 || ahamkAra mana nI rAkhe~, gussA ne mhU~ dUra karU~ / dUjA rI khuziyA~ ne dekhI, irasyA se nI bhAva dhruuN| asI bhAvanA rehave mhArI, satya sarala vaivAra kruuN| asI bhAvanA rehave mhArI, satya sarala vaivAra kruuN| vaNai jaTA taka aNa jIvana meM dUjA ro upakAra kruuN||4|| aNI jagata meM sabasu~ mhAro prema bhAva vaNiyo re / dIna dukhI jIvA~ re vAte karuNA rI dhArA vevai / jI durjaNa hai matihINa hai, vI bhI chor3e pApa tamAma / he bhagavAna vaNA ne dIjo hau - hA~cI buddhi ro dAna / / 5 / / guNIjaNA~ ne dekha hiyA meM mhAre prema ujar3a aavai| vaNe jaTA taka vaNArI sevA karane yo mana sukha pAvai / 5
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________________ anekAnta 68/4, akTU-disambara, 2015 nI bhUlU~ upakAra kaNI rA, mana meM nI lAU~ khottaaii| guNa dekhU guNa leU~ sabasu~, karaja cukAU~ paaii-paaii||6|| koI kharAba yA hau kevai, dhaNa-daulata aavai-jaavai| lAkha varasa taka jIU~ yA pachai mauta abArU AI jaavai| aura kaso I duniyA ro Dara yA lAlaca mana meM aavai| toI nyAya ImAna ( mhAro kadI na paga DagavA paavai||7|| sukha meM nI phUlU~ bhUlU~ mhU~, dukha meM kadI na ghbraauuN| kaso bhayaMkara masANa jaMgala vai toI bar3hato jaauuN| Dagapaca nI vaivA dUM mana ne tAkatavara majabUta vnnaauuN| vai saMjoga viyoga jagata meM rAkhU dhIraja sukha paauuN||8|| sagaLA jIva sukhI rai jaga meM koI kadI na ghbraavai| pApa vaira chor3I ne yo jaga, roja navA maMgala gaavai| hilamila ne revai sagaLA I, ghara-ghara meM ANanda chaavai| AtmA rA saba pApa dhoIne, manakha jamAro saphala vnnaavai||9|| asala vagata para varakhA vevai, nA hUko nA bAr3ha staavai| nI vai koI roga bImArI, zAnti su~ janatA jiivai| prajA ro bhalo chAvA vAro rAjA sabarI vAta hnnai| dharama ahiMsA manakhapaNA su~, dharatI AkhI svaraga bnnai||10|| mana dukhAvaNI kar3avI bhAsA, koI kadI kane nI bole| vastu-svarUpa vicAra karI ne dukhar3A saMkaTa saba jhele| mehanata kara ne karai saba jaNA, apaNo apaNo desa vikaas| baNa jAvai 'jugavIra' hiyA su~, 'dilIpa dhIMga' re mana rI aas||1|| mUla : AcArya yugalakizora mukhtAra 'yugavIra' rAjasthAnI padyAnuvAda : DaoN. dilIpa dhIMga (eDavokeTa) nidezaka- aMtarASTrIya prAkRta adhyayana va zodha kendra, sugana hAusa, 18, rAmAnujA ayyara sTrITa, sAhukArapeTa, cainnaI-600079
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________________ anekAnta 68/4, akTU-disambara, 2015 sthAyI stambha- 'yugavIra-guNAkhyAna' isa aMka 68/4 meM paM. jagalakizora mukhtAra 'yugavIra' kA upAsanA tattva para likhe gaye Alekha (prakAzita-disa. 1962) ke aMtargata "mUrtipUjA" para sAragarbhita vicAra saMpAdita-saMkSiptIkaraNa ke sAtha prastuta kiye jA rahe haiN| ___ -prastutakartA- paM. nihAlacaMda jaina, nidezaka vIra sevA maMdira mUrtipUjA : paramAtmA apanI jIvanmuktAvasthA- arthAta arhanta-avasthA meM sadA aura sarvatra vidyamAna nahIM rahatA, isa kAraNa paramAtmA ke smaraNArtha aura paramAtmA ke prati Adara-satkArarUpa pravartane ke avalambana svarUpa usakI arhanta avasthA kI mUrti banAI jAtI hai| vaha mUrti paramAtmA ke vItarAgatA, zAntatA aura dhyAnamudrA Adi guNoM kA pratibimba hotI hai| usameM sthApanA-nikSepa se paramAtmA kI pratiSThA kI jAtI hai| usake pUjane kA bhI samasta vahI uddezya hai jo Upara varNana kiyA gayA hai, kyoMki mUrti kI pUjA se kisI dhAtupASANa kA pUjanA abhipreta (iSTa) nahIM hai| aisA hotA to gRhasthoM ke gharoM meM saikar3oM bAMTa baTehar3e dhar3e pasere Adi cIjeM isI kisma kI par3I rahatI hai; ve unase hI apanA mastaka ragar3A karate aura unheM praNAmAdika kiyA krte| para aisA nahIM hai| mUrti ke sahAre se paramAtmA kI hI pUjA, bhakti upAsanA aura ArAdhanA kI jAtI hai| mUrti ke dvArA mUrtimAna kI upAsanA kA nAma hI mUrtipUjA hai| isIliye isa mUrtipUjA ke devapUjA, devArAdhanA, jinapUjana, devArcana, bhagavatparyupAsana, jinArcA ityAdi nAma kahe jAte haiM aura isIliye isa pUjana ko sAkSAt jinadeva ke pUjanatulya varNana kiyA hai| yathA bhavatyA'rhatpratimA pUjyA kRtrimA'kRtrimA sdaa| yatastadguNasaMkalpApratyakSaM pUjito jinaH // 9-42 // - dharma saMgrahazrAvakAcAra urdU ke eka kavi zekha sAhaba ne isa saMbandha meM acchA kahA hai usameM hai eka khudAI kA jalavA vagara nA zekha ! sijadA karese phAyadA patthara ke sAmane ?
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________________ anekAnta 68/4, akTU-disambara, 2015 arthAt-paramAtmA kI usa mUrti meM khudAI kA jalavA-paramAtmA kA prakAza aura Izvara kA bhAva-maujUda hai jisakI vajaha se use sijadApraNAmAdika-kiyA jAtA hai; anyathA, patthara ke sAmane sijadA karane se koI lAbha nahIM thaa| bhAvArtha, paramAtmA kI mUrti ko jo praNAmAdika kiyA jAtA hai vaha vAstava meM paramAtmA ko-paramAtmA ke guNoM ko hI praNAmAdika karanA hai, dhAtu-pASANa ko praNAmAdika karanA nahIM hai| aura isalie usameM lAbha jarUra hai| jaina-dRSTi se khudAI kA vaha jalavA paramAtmA ke parama vItarAgatA aura zAntatAdi guNoM kA bhAva hai jo jainiyoM kI mUrtiyoM meM sApha taura se jhalakatA aura sarvatra pAyA jAtA hai| paramAtmA ke una guNoM ko lakSya karake hI jainiyoM ke yahA~ mUrti kI upAsanA kI jAtI hai| paramAtmA kI isa parama zAnta aura vItarAga mUrti ke pUjane meM eka bar3I bhArI khUbI aura mahatva kI bAta yaha hai ki, jo saMsArI jIva saMsAra ke mAyAjAla aura gRhasthI ke prapaMca meM adhika phaMse hue haiM, jinake citta ati caMcala haiM aura jinakA AtmA itanA balADhya nahIM hai ki jo kevala zAstroM meM paramAtmA kA varNana sunakara ekadama binA kisI nakze ke paramAtmasvarUpa kA nakzA (citra) apane hRdaya para khIMca sakeM yA paramAtma-svarUpa kA dhyAna kara sake, ve bhI usa mUrti ke dvArA paramAtmasvarUpa kA kucha dhyAna aura cintavana karane meM samartha ho jAte haiM aura usI se AgAmI da:khoM tathA pApoM kI nivRttipUrvaka apane AtmasvarUpa kI prApti meM agrasara hote haiN| yadi mUrtipUjA ke siddhAnta para najara DAlI jAye, mUrti ke svarUpa para sUkSmatA ke sAtha vicAra kiyA jAye, to mAlUma hogA ki saMsAra kI koI bhI upAsanA binA mUrti ke nahIM bana sktii| mUrti kA avalambana jarUra lenA par3atA hai| Apa kisI kI prazaMsA nahIM kara sakate jaba taka ki mUrtiyoM kA sahArA na leveN| paramAtmA kA nAma lene se, zabdoM-dvArA paramAtmA kI stuti karane se-paramAtmA ne namaH, IzvarAya namaH, parabrahmaNe namo namaH, OM namaH, Namo arahatANaM, alhamdolilA ityAdi mantroM ke uccAraNa karane se- yA OM Adi akSaroM kI AkRti sAmane rakhakara dhyAna karane se yadi kisI puNya phala kI prApti hotI hai to vaha tadAkAra mUrti para se paramAtmA kA ciMtana
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________________ anekAnta 68/4 akTU - disambara, 2015 karane se bhI jarUra hotI hai aura jyAdA ho sakatI hai| aisI hAlata meM jo loga paramAtmA kI zabdoM aura akSaroM meM sthApanA karake una atadAkAra mUrtiyoM ke dvArA usakI upAsanA karate haiM unheM paramAtmA kI tadAkAra mUrtiyA~ banAkara upAsanA karane vAloM para AkSepa karane kI jarUrata nahIM hai aura na vaisA karane kA koI haka hI hai; kyoMki ve svayaM hI mUrtiyoM dvArA balki - aspaSTa mUrtiyoM dvArA paramAtmA kI upAsanA karate haiM aura usase zubha phala kA honA mAnate haiN| vAstava meM yadi dekhA jAya to koI bhI ciMtana athavA dhyAna binA mUrti kA sahArA liye nahIM bana sakatA aura nirAkAra kA dhyAna hI huA karatA hai| pratyeka dhyAna athavA ciMtana ke liye kisI na kisI mUrti kA AkAra - vizeSa ko apane sAmane rakhanA hotA hai, cAhe vaha netroM ke sAmane ho athavA mAnasapratyakSa isI abhiprAya ko hRdaya meM rakhakara paM. maMgatarAyajI ne ThIka kahA hai abasa yaha jainiyoM para ittahAmeM butaparastI hai| binA tasavIra ke haragita tasavvara ho nahIM sktaa| arthAt- jainiyoM para butaparastI kA - mUrtipUjA viSayaka - jo ilajAma lagAyA jAtA hai- yaha kahA jAtA hai ki ve dhAtu pASANa ke pUjane vAle haiMvaha bilkula vyartha aura niHsAra hai; kyoMki koI bhI tasavvara-koI bhI dhyAna athavA ciMtana- binA tasavIra ke binA mUrti yA citra kA sahArA liye nahIM bana sakatA / bhAvArtha, dhyAna tathA ciMtana kI sabhI ko nirantara jarUrata huA karatI hai, isalie sabhI ko mUrti kA Azraya lenA par3atA hai aura isa dRSTi se sabhI mUrtipUjaka haiN| eka manuSya kisI sthAna para apanI chatarI bhUla aayaa| vaha jisa samaya mArga meM calA jA rahA thA, use sAmane se eka dUsarA AdamI AtA huA najara par3A, jisake hAtha meM chatarI thii| chatarI ko dekhakara usa manuSya ko jhaTa se apanI chatarI yAda A gii| usa manuSya ko apanI apanI chatarI ke bhUlane kI jo kucha khabara par3I hai aura vahA~ se lAne meM usakI jo kucha pravRtti huI hai una sabakA nimitta kAraNa vaha chatarI hai, usa chatarI se hI use yaha saba upedaza milA hai ora aise upadeza ko 'naimittika upedaza' kahate haiN| yahI upadeza hameM paramAtmA kI mUrtiyoM para se milatA hai| jainiyoM kI aisI mUrtiyA~ dhyAnamudrA ko liye hue, paramavItarAga aura zAnta-svarUpa
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________________ 10 anekAnta 68/4, akTU-disambara, 2015 hotI haiN| unheM dekhane se bar3I zAnti milatI hai, AtmasvarUpa kI smRti hotI hai- yaha khyAla utpanna hotA hai ki he Atman ! terA svarUpa to yaha ne bhulAkara saMsAra ke mAyAjAla meM aura kaSAyoM ke phande meM kyoM phaMsA huA hai ? najItA jisakA yaha hotA hai ki (yadi bIca meM koI bAdhA utpanna nahIM hotI to) vaha vyakti yamaniyamAdi ke dvArA apane AtmasudhAra ke mArga para laga jAtA hai| parama hitopadezaka mUrtiyA~, ni:saMdeha, abhivandanIya hI hotI hai| isI se eka AcArya mahodaya unakA nimna prakAra se abhivAdana karate haiM; kathayanti kaSAyamuktilakSmIM parayA zAMtatayA bhvaantkaanaam| praNamAmi vizuddhaye jinAnAM prtiruupaannybhiruupmuurtimNti|| ___-kriyAkalApa arthAt- saMsAra se mukta zrIjinendradeva kI una tadAkAra sundara pratimAoM ko maiM, apanI Atmazuddhi ke liye, praNAma karatA hU~ jo ki apanI parama zAntatA ke dvArA saMsArI jIvoM ko kaSAyoM kI mukti kA upadeza detI haiN| isase spaSTa hai ki jinendra-pratimAoM kI yaha pUjA Atmavizuddhi ke liye kI jAtI hai aura jo kAma AtmA kI zuddhi ke liye- AtmA kI vibhAva-pariNati ko dUra kara use svabhAva meM sthita karane ke uddezya se kiyA jAtA ho vaha kitanA adhika upayogI hai isa bAta ko batalAne kI jarUrata nahIM, vijJa pAThaka use svayaM samajha sakate haiM aura Upara ke isa saMpUrNa kathana se mUrtipUjA kI upayogitA ko bahuta kucha anubhava kara sakate mUrti pUjana kA uddezya - svAmI samantabhadra ne nimnAMkita chaMda dvArA paramAtmA kI upAsanA kA mUla uddezya batAyA ki du:khoM se chuTakArA tabhI ho sakatA hai jaba ki paramAtmA ke guNoM meM anurAga bar3hAyA jaaye| na pUjayArthastvayi vItarAge, na nindayA nAtha vivaantvaire| tathApi te puNyaguNasmRtirnaH, punAti cittaM duritaa'nyjnebhyH|| - svayaMbhUstotra he bhagavAn! pUjA-bhakti se ApakA koI prayojana nahIM hai, kyoMki Apa vItarAgI haiN| rAga kA aMza bhI Apake AtmA meM vidyamAna nahIM hai,
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________________ anekAnta 68/4 akTU-disambara, 2015 jisake kAraNa kisI pUjA - bhakti se Apa prasanna hote haiN| isI taraha nindA se bhI ApakA koI prayojana nhii| koI kitanA hI Apako burA kahe jarA bhI kSobha nahIM A sakatA / to bhI Apake puNya guNoM ke smaraNa se hamArA citta pApoM se chUTakara puNya - pariNati se pavitra ho jAtA hai ApakI upAsanA pApa-prakRtiyoM kA rasa (anubhAga) sUkhane aura puNya prakRtiyoM meM rasa bar3hane se antarAya karma nAma kI prakRti, jo mUla pApa-prakRti hai, hamAre dAna, lAbha, bhogopabhoga Adi meM vighna svarUpa rahA karatI hai, unheM nahIM hone detI vaha nirbala par3a jAtI haiN| taba hamAre bahuta se laukika prayojana siddha ho jAte haiN| ataH paramAtmA kI saccI bhakti aura upAsanA se laukika prayojana kI siddhi hotI hai, yaha kahanA bhI anucita nahIM hogA / eka AcArya ne nimna vAkya se ukta Azaya kI puSTi kI haineSTaM vihantu zubhabhAvabhagnarasaprakarSaH prabhurantarAyaH / tatkAmacAreNa guNAnurAgAnnutyAdiriSTArthakadA'rhadAdeH // arthAt paramAtmA kI saccI pUjA aura bhakti se hamAre laukika prayojana bhI sadhate haiN| yadyapi paramAtmA svayaM apanI icchApUrvaka kisI ko kucha detA/dilAtA nahIM hai aura na svayaM Akara athavA apane kisI sevaka ko bhejakara bhakta janoM kA koI kAma hI sudhAratA hai, to bhI usakI bhakti kA nimitta pAkara hamArI karma - prakRtiyoM meM kucha ulaTa-phera hotA hai, aura hamAre aneka bigar3e hue kAma bhI sudhara jAte haiN| ataH paramAtmA ke prasAda se laukika prayojana bhI siddha hote haiN| aisA kahane meM, siddhAntataH koI virodha nahIM aataa| parantu phala prApti kA yaha sArA khela upAsanA kI prazastatA, aprazastatA aura usake dvArA utpanna hue bhAvoM kI taratamatA para nirbhara hai| ataH hameM bhAvoM kI ujjvalatA aura nirmalatA para bhI dhyAna rakhanA caahie| ****** 11
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________________ anekAnta 68/4, akTU-disambara, 2015 saMpAdakIya jainadharma aura Ayurveda DaoN. jayakumAra jaina, saMpAdaka evaM paM. nihAlacaMda jaina, nidezaka vartamAna meM cikitsA vijJAna kI do vidhiyA~ mukhya rUpa se pracalita haiN| 1. ailApaithI cikitsA- jo Adhunika cikitsA vijJAna ke rUpa meM vibhinna rogoM ke nidAna kI vidhiyA~ aura unake upacAra ke lie auSadhiyoM kA vivecana hai| 2. Ayurveda- isake do prayojana batalAe gae haiM'svasthasya svAsthyarakSaNamAturasya ca vikAraprazamanam' arthAt svastha manuSyoM ke svAsthya kA rakSaNa karanA evaM rogiyoM ke roga kA upazamana krnaa| jahA~ taka jainadharma aura cikitsA vijJAna ke sahasambandha kI bAta hai, vaha pUrNata: saspaSTa tathya hai ki jainadharma kA lakSya AtmA kI makti hai jise manaSya ke svastha zarIra ke mAdhyama se hI prApta kiyA jA sakatA hai| "dharmArthakAmamokSANAmArogyaM mUlamuttamam' arthAt dharma, artha, kAma aura mokSa ke lie zarIra kA nirogya honA Avazyaka hai| Ayurveda vidyA mAtra cikitsA paddhati taka hI sImita nahIM hai, apitu yaha eka samagra jIvana vijJAna hai, jo apanI vyApakatA ke sAtha dArzanika evaM AdhyAtmikatA se anuprANita hai| jainadharma meM Ayurveda ko 'prANAvAya' yA prANAya kI saMjJA se vyavahRta kiyA gayA hai| Ayurveda kyA hai ? 'yasmin zAstre Ayurvidyate yena Ayurvindati sa aayurvedH| jisa zAstra meM Ayu kA viSaya pratipAdita kiyA gayA ho aura jisase Ayu sambandhI jJAna prApta hotA hai- arthAt madhyAyu hai yA dIrghAyu hai, ina sabakA jJAna karA detA hai yahI Ayurveda hai| caraka saMhitA sUtrasthAna 1/41 meM kahA hitAhitaM sukhaM duHkhamAyustasya hitaahitm|
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________________ anekAnta 68/4, akTU-disambara, 2015 ____ mAnaM ca tattvaM yatroktamAyurveda sa ucyte|| arthAt jisa zAstra meM hita Ayu, ahita Ayu, sukha Ayu, dukha Ayu ina cAra prakAra kI Ayu ke lie pathya, apathya isa Ayu kA mAna tathA Ayu kA svarUpa pratipAdita ho vaha Ayurveda kahalAtA hai| Ayurveda kA prayojana kyA hai ? prayojanaM bAhyasvasthasya svAsthyarakSaNamAtarasya vikAraprazamanaM ca caraka saMhitA-sUtrasthAna (1/12) Ayurveda kA prayojana- svastha puruSa ke svAsthya kI rakSA karanA aura vyAdhi se pIr3ita manuSya ke roga kA zamana karanA hai| Ayurveda meM aSTAMga- Ayurveda meM ATha aMgoM se cikitsA kA varNana kiyA gayA hai, jo aSTAMga ke nAma se jAnA jAtA hai| vaha isa prakAra hai (1) kAya cikitsA- saMpUrNa dhAtuka zarIra kI cikitsaa| (2) bAla cikitsA (3) graha cikitsA- ve sabhI roga jo sahasrAra va nAr3I cakra meM doSAtAbha hone se hote haiN| (4) UrdhvAga cikitsA (zAlAkya cikitsA) nAka, kAna, galA va A~kha inake rogoM kI cikitsA (5) zalya cikitsA (6) daMSTrA cikitsA- sarpAdi viSa jaMtuoM ke dvArA daMSTra hone para athavA sthAvara, jaMgama viSa ke kisI prakAra zarIra meM praveza hone para kI jAne vAlI cikitsA (7) jarA cikitsA- punaryovana prApta rakane ke lie kI jAne vAlI cikitsA (8) vRSa cikitsA (vAjIkaraNa cikitsaa)| sAmAnyataH hamAre AhAra-vihAra kI pratikUlatA rogoM kA kAraNa hotI hai aisA Ayurveda zAstra kahatA hai, lekina prANAvAya (jaina Ayurveda) rogotpatti meM mukhya hetu pUrva janmakRta azubha karmoM ko mAnatA hai| sahetukAssarvavikArajAtAsteSAM vivekA guNamukhya bhedaat| hetuH punaH pUrvakRtaM svakarma tataH pare tasya vishessnnaani|| -kalyANakAraka-sUtrA. 91 rogoM kI cikitsA : zrI ugrAdityAcArya ne cikitsA karma kI prazaMsA karate hue kalyANakAraka-7/32 meM likhA hai cikitsitaM pApavinAzanArtha, cikitsitaM dharmavivRddhye c|
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________________ anekAnta 68/4, akTU-disambara, 2015 cikitsitaM cobhayalokasAdhanaM, cikitsitAnnAsti paraM tpshc|| arthAt rogiyoM kI cikitsA, pApa vinAza karane ka lie, dharma kI abhivRddhi ke lie kI jAnI caahie| yaha ubhayaloka kA sAdhana hai ataH cikitsA se bar3A koI tapa nahIM hai| prANAvAya ke udbhava aura vikAsa kI pRSThabhUmi A. zubhacandra ne grantha jJAnArNava meM devanandI (pUjyapAda) ko isa prakAra namaskAra kiyA hai apAkurvanti yadvAcaH kaayvaanycittsmbhvm| kalaMkamaGignAM so'yaM, devanandI nmsyte|| jinake vacana prANiyoM ke kAya vAk aura citta meM utpanna doSoM ko dUra kara dete haiM, una devanandI jI ko namaskAra hai| isameM devanandI ke tIna granthoM kA ullekha hai- kAya (zarIra) ke doSa kA dUra karane vAlA vaidyakazAstra, vAgdoSoM ko dUra karane vAlA vyAkaraNa grantha (jainendra vyAkaraNa) aura citta (mana) ke doSoM ko dUra karane vAlA grantha samAdhitaMtra hai| inameM prathama vaidyaka grantha upalabdha nahIM hai, jabaki zeSa donoM grantha upalabdha hai| isa prakAra pUjyapAda svAmI kA cikitsA viSayaka grantha avazya rahA hai| isI taraha pUjyapAda svAmI ne zAlAkya taMtra, pAtrakesarI muni ne zalyataMtra, AcArya siddhasena dvArA agadataMtra evaM bhUta vidyA, dazaratha muni ke dvArA kaya cikitsA, meghanAdAcArya dvArA bAlarogAdhArita kaumAra bhRtya aura siMhanAda munIndra ke dvArA bAjIkaraNa evaM divyAmRta (rasAyana) taMtra kA nirmANa kiyA gyaa| (kalyANakAraka pariccheda 25 ke zloka 84 ke AdhAra para) Andhrapradeza ke prAcIna cAlukya rAjya meM digambarAcArya zrI ugrAdityAcArya ne kalyANakAraka nAmaka grantha kI racanA kI thI, jo eka mAtra upalabdha grantha hai| Agama sAhitya meM cikitsA vijJAna prakIrNa rUpa se Agama granthoM meM vaidyaka sambandhI viSayoM kA ullekha nimna prakAra se prApta hotA hai| (1) sthAnAMga sUtra- rogoM kI utpatti ke nau kAraNa (2) nizItha cUrNi- mahAvaidya kA ullekha, dRSTapAkI zAstroM kA ullekha
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________________ anekAnta 68/4, akTU-disambara, 2015 (3) uttarAdhyayana- cikitsA sambandhI ullekha (4) bRhadvRtti patra- rasAyana sevana se cikitsA kA ullekha (5) vipAka sUtra- vaidyakarma, cikitsAkarma evaM dhanvantari vaidya kA ullekha tathA vividha rogoM kA ullekh| (6) vR0 kalpabhASya pIThikA- akSiroga cikitsA kA ullekh| (7) dazavaikAlika- mala-mUtra ke vega ko nahIM rokane kA nirdesh| (8) jinadAsa cUrNi- vamana ke vega ko nahIM rokane kA nirdesh| (9) AcArAMga- 16 prakAra ke rogoM kA ullekh| tathA (10) aughaniyukta meM- pAmA cikitsA kA ullekha hai| Agamika ullekha ke anusAra vAta, pitta, kapha aura sannipAta se vibhinna rogoM kI utpatti ke 9 kAraNa batalAe haiM :1. adhika bhojana, 2. ahita bhojana, 3. atizamana, 4. ati jAgaraNa, 5. kabja (purISa nirodha), 6. mUtrAvarodha, 7. adhvagamana (adhika calanA), 8. bhojana kI aniyamitatA aura 9. adhika kaam-vikaar|| purISa vega ko rokane se maraNa, mUtra vega ko rokane se dRSTi hAni aura vamana-nirodha se kuSTha roga kI utpatti hotI hai| AcArAMga sUtra meM 16 rogoM kA ullekha pAyA jAtAhai- sukhabodhA meM bhI 16 rogoM kA kathana kiyA gayA- zvAsa, kAsa, jvara, dAha, hRdayazUla, bhagandara, arza, ajIrNa, dRSTizUla, mukhazUla, aruci, akSivedanA, karNazUla, khAja, jalodara aura kusstth| roga ke kAraNa A. vAgbhaTa ne kAla (samaya) artha (indriyoM ke viSaya) aura karma kA hIna yoga, mithyA yoga aura atiyoga honA roga kA kAraNa kahA hai| mithyA AhAra-vihAra aura tajjanita doSa prakopa (vAta pitta kapha kA kSaya) se bhI roga kI utpatti hotI hai| isake sAtha pUrva janma meM kie gaye pApa (azubha) karma kA udaya jaba hotA hai to kaSTa rUpa rogotpatti hotA hai aura jaba taka usa azubhakarma kA paripAla (kSaya) nahIM ho jAtA, kaSTa kA nivAraNa taba taka sambhava nahIM hai| roga ke nAza meM AbhyaMtara kAraNa jahA~ dharma hai, vahI bAhya kAraNa auSadhopacAra hai, jo cikitsA kahI jAtI hai| eka udAharaNa kalyANakAraka meM diyA jAtA hai
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________________ anekAnta 68/4, akTU-disambara, 2015 yathA tarUNAM phalapAkayogo matipragalbhaiH purussairvidheyH| tathA cikitsApravibhAgakAle doSaprapAko dvividhaH prsiddhH|| jisa prakAra vRkSa kA phala svayaM bhI pakatA hai aura vibhinna upAyoM se bhii| usI prakAra prakupita doSa bhI cikitsA aura kAlakrama donoM se pakate haiN| AhAra kA svAsthya para prabhAva "anArogyamanAyuSyamasvayaM cAti bhojanAt" arthAt adhika mAtrA meM bhojana karane se anArogya (roga) anAyuSya (alpAyu) aura asvargya (naraka) kI prApti hotI hai| adhika mAtrA meM sevana kiyA gayA madhura bhojana bhI samyakpe Na paripAka nahIM hotaa| madhurapi bahusvAditamajIrNa bhvti| amRtamapi bahupItaM vissaayte| Adhunika cikitsA vijJAna bhI kahatA hai ki dUdha, makkhana, ghI, sUkhe mevA Adi kA adhika mAtrA meM sevana se zarIra kI dhamaniyoM meM kolesTrola hAnikAraka tattva saMgRhIta ho jAtA hai jisase raktacApa evaM hRdayAghAta jaise vikAra utpanna ho jAte haiN| Ayurveda meM sAttvika AhAra ko sahI batAyA hai| svastha mana-mastiSka evaM hRdaya ke lie sAttvika AhAra kI upayogitA asaMdigdha hai| upavAsa upavAsa yA anazana kA jainadharma meM jinA mahattva hai Ayurveda meM usakA mahattva usase kama nahIM hai| Ayurveda meM ise 'laMghana' zabda se vyavahRta kiyA gayA hai| jainadharma meM chaha bAhya tattva batAye haiM jinameM anazana, Unodara aura rasa parityAga ina tIna kA sIdhA saMbandha AhAra se hai| upavAsa aura Unodara zarIra ke lie upayogI, hitakArI evaM upAdeya hai| jainadharma meM anazana tapa ke viSaya meM kahA gayA hai| yaha mana aura indriyoM ko jItane vAlA, AtmA meM nivAsa karatA huA ihaloka/paraloka ke sukha kA dAtA hai| Ayurveda ke cikitsA- grantha-caraka saMhitA meM maharSi caraka kahate haiM laMghanena kSayaM nIte doSe sNdhuksste'nle| vijvaratvaM laghutvaM ca kssuccaivaasyopjaayte|| (caraka saMhitA-3/139)
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________________ anekAnta 68/4, akTU-disambara, 2015 arthAt laMghana karane se doSoM kA kSaya hone para tathA jATharAgni ke pradIpta hone para rogI ko jvarahInatA, laghutA evaM kSudhA utpanna hotI hai| jahA~ upavAsa se nizcaya hI AdhyAtmika rUpa se puNyaphala kI prApti hotI hai, sAtha hI zArIrika va mAnasika svasthatA bhI prApta hotI hai| upavAsa ke dvArA rogopacAra meM maharSi caraka kA kathana hai kuryAcchoNitarogeSu raktapittaharI kriyaam| virekamupavAsaM ca srAvaNaM zoNitasya c|| (caraka saMhitA sUtrasthAna-24/18) arthAt dUSita rakta se samutpanna vikAroM meM raktapittanAzaka kriyA (upacAra) karanA caahie| sAtha hI virecana,upavAsa aura raktavistrAvaNa karanA caahie| ___ vIra sevA maMdira ke granthAlaya meM hastalikhita granthoM meM nimnAMkita ATha grantha Ayurveda se saMbandhita haiM :1. bAla cikitsA ke 3 grantha jo eka eka panne ke haiN| 2. kavi taraMga (kAvyAtmaka) hai| 3. ajIrNa maMjarI 4. rasa kriyA (sone evaM cAMdI ke zodhane kI naskhe batAye gaye haiN|) 5. kAlaka priikssaa| 6. mUtra priikssaa| 7. netraroga nidAna evaM 8 yoga ciNtaamnni| isa saMpAdakIya ko likhane meM, AcArya rAjakumAra jaina, AyurvedAcArya, jinake do zodhAlekha prastuta vizeSAMka meM samAhita kiye gaye haiM, kI pustaka 'jainadharma aura Ayurveda' kI sahAyatA lI hai| zrI rAjakumAra jI ne eka mahattvapUrNa patra bhI likhA jise "pAThakoM ke patra" ke aMtargata diyA jA rahA hai| Apane apane mahattvapUrNa sujhAvoM se vizeSAMka ke isa svarUpa ko saMvArane meM sahayoga kiyA hai| siMghaI jayakumAra jaina, satanA ne bhI eka mahattvapUrNa zodhAlekha "kaivalya vRkSoM kA auSadhIya mahattva" bhejakara ise garimA pradAna kii| ukta donoM vidvAna lekhakoM ko saadhuvaad| ******
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________________ 18 anekAnta 68/4, akTU- disambara, 2015 prANAvAya pUrva (jainAyurveda) aura zAzvata jIvana vijJAna -AcArya rAjakumAra jaina, darzanAcArAyurvedAcArya Ayurveda eka zAzvata jIvana vijJAna hai| Ayurveda mAnava jIvana se pRthaka koI bhinna vastu yA viSaya nahIM hai| sAmAnyataH manuSya ke jIvana kI Adyanta pratikSaNa calane vAlI zrRMkhalA hI Ayu hai, vaha Ayu hI jIvana hai, usa Ayu (jIvana) kA veda (jJAnI) hI Ayurveda hai| Ayurveda zAstra kevala zArIrika svAsthya ke lie hI upayogI nahIM hai, apitu mAnasika evaM bauddhika svAsthya ke lie bhI hitAvaha hai| jainAgama dvAdazAMga ke antargata bArahaveM dRSTivAdAMga ke caturdaza pUrva meM prANAvAya pUrva kA pratipAdana kiyA gayA hai| jo vartamAna meM Ayurveda ke nAma se jAnA jAtA hai| jaina siddhAnta ke anusAra vizva kI samasta vidyAoM aura kalAoM kI utpatti Adya tIrthakara bha. RSabhadeva se mAnI gaI hai| bha. RSabhadeva ke pahale sarvatra bhogabhUmi thI, jisameM kalpavRkSoM kA bAhulya thaa| usa samaya na to Adhi-vyAdhi kI ciMtA thI aura na hI AjIvikA kI / zanaiH zanaiH kalpavRkSoM kA hrAsa ho gayA aura bhoga bhUmi kA sthAna karmabhUmi ne le liyaa| zrama kI pratiSThA bar3hI aura vidyA ke prasAra ke uddezya se unhoMne sarvaprathama apanI donoM putriyoM brAhmI aura sundarI ko kramazaH lipi tathA aMka vidyA sikhAyA / putriyoM kI bhAMti putroM ko bhI vibhinna vidyAoM jaise arthazAstra, gandharva zAstra, kAmazAstra, sAmudrika zAstra, Ayurveda, dhanurveda, azvavidyA, gajavidyA, ratna - parIkSA jyotiSa, zakunavidyA, maMtrajJAna, dyUtavidyA, sthApatya kalA Adi pramukha haiN| Ayurveda kI utpatti evaM prasAra ke sambandha meM zrI ugrAdityAcArya ne grantha 'kalyANakAraka' meM likhA ki bharata cakravartI Adi narezoM ne samavazaraNa pahuMcakara bha. RSabhadeva se pUchA- he prabho ! bahuta se manuSyoM ko tridoSa ( vAta-pitta-kapha) ke prakopa se mahAbhaya utpanna hone lagA hai|' isa
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________________ anekAnta 68/4 akTU- disambara, 2015 karmabhUmi meM zIta, atitApa aura varSA se pIr3ita kAlakrama se mithyA AhAra-vihAra sevana meM tatpara hama logoM ko svAsthya kI rakSA kA vidhAna aura upAya kyA hai ? batalAne kI kRpA kreN| 2 19 bhagavAn kI divya dhvani kA prasphuTI bhAva tathA tadantargata vastu catuSTya kA nirUpaNa karate hue zrI ugrAdityArca ne likhA- " vaha divya dhvani sarvaprathama samasta Ayurveda ko puruSa (rogI) ke lakSaNa, auSadha, anna aura kAla, isa prakAra cAra bhAga meM vibhakta karatI huI isa vastucatuSTya ke lakSaNa bheda-prabheda sahita sampUrNa viSayoM kA saMkSipta rUpa se kathana karane lagI jisane bhagavAna kI sarvajJatA ko sUcita kiyA / vartamAna meM dhArmika granthoM ke rUpa meM AcAra zAstra, nItizAstra, gaNitazAstra, jyotiSa, Ayurveda grantha Adi ke rUpa meM tathA cAroM anuyogoM ke aMtargata samAviSTa samasta granthoM ke rUpa meM jo bhI vAD.maya upalabdha hai vaha bhagavAna mahAvIra kI dezanA (divyadhvani) se sambaddha hai| pradhAna gaNadhana gautama indrabhUti ne bhagavAn kI dezanA ko dhAraNakara use dvAdazAMga aura caturdaza pUrva ke rUpa meM pratipAdita kiyA thaa| vahI zruta kahalAyA aura dvAdazAMga zruta ke pAragAmI zrutakevalI kahalAte hai / gaNadharoM se zrutakevaliyoM ne, une vItarAgI muniyoM va anya AcAryoM ne Ayurveda kA jJAna upadeza rUpa meM grahaNa kiyA aura lokahita kI bhAvanA se use lipibaddha kara grantha rUpa pradAna kiyaa| ugrAdityAcArya ne apane grantha- kalyANakAraka meM aneka AcAryoM dvArA praNIta granthoM kA ullekha kiyA hai| kalyANakAraka meM spaSTarUpa se yaha tathya udghATita kiyA ki AcArya samantabhadra svAmI ne Ayurveda viSaya ko adhikRta kara kisI grantha kI racanA kI thI, jisameM vistArapUrvaka aSTAMga saMgraha nAmaka grantha kA anusaraNa karate hue maiMne saMkSepa meM isa grantha meM racanA kI hai|' isase yaha pramANita hai ki samantabhadra svAmI dvArA viracita aSTAMga vaidyaka viSayaka koI mahattvapUrNa grantha avazya hI vidyamAna evaM upalabdha rahA hogaa| AcArya zubhacandra ne apane grantha 'jJAnArNava' meM devanandI (pUjyapAda) ko nimna prakAra se namaskAra kiyA hai apAkurvanti yadvAcaH kAyavAk citta sambhavam / kalaMkamagninAM so'yaM devanandI namasyate //
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________________ anekAnta 68/4 akTU-disambara, 2015 isameM devanandI (pUjyapAda) ke tIna granthoM kA ullekha sannihita haikAya (zarIra) ke doSo ko dUra karane vAlA vaidyaka zAstra, vAgdoSoM ko dUra karane vAlA vyAkaraNa grantha (jainendra vyAkaraNa) aura citta (mana) ke doSoM ko dUra karane vAlA grantha samAdhi taMtra / inameM prathama vaidyaka grantha upalabdha nahI hai, jabaki zeSa donoM viSayoM ke grantha upalabdha haiN| gommaTadeva muni ne pUjyapAda dvArA vaidyAmRta nAmaka grantha kI racanA kie jAne kA ullekha kiyA hai|' pUjyapAda svAmI dvArA racita zAlAkya taMtra kA ullekha bhI kalyANakAraka grantha meM hai|' isI prakAra pArzva paNDita ne bhI pUjyapAda svAmI dvArA Ayurveda ke grantha kI racanA kie jAne kA saMketa milatA hai / ' 20 Age ugrAdityAcArya likhate haiM- " zrI pUjyapAda svAmI dvArA zAlAkya taMtra pAtrakesarI muni ne zalyataMtra, AcArya siddhasena ke dvArA agada taMtra evaM " bhUta vidyA, dazaratha muni ke dvArA kAya cikitsA, meghanAcArya ke dvArA bAlarogAdhArita kaumAra bhRtya aura siMhanAda munIndra dvArA bAjIkaraNa evaM divyAmRta (rasAyana) taMtra kA nirmANa kiyA gyaa| parantu inameM se koI bhI grantha vartamAna meM vidyamAna nahIM hai| kintu ina granthoM kA AdhAra lekara kalyANakAraka grantha hai jo lagabhaga IsA kI 9vIM zatAbdI meM likhA gayA / digambarAcArya zrI ugrAditya ne Andhrapradeza ke prAcIna cAlukya rAjya meM ukta kalyANakAraka grantha kI racanA kI thii| vartamAna meM yahI ekamAtra aisA upalabdha grantha hai jisameM prANAvAya pUrva kA anusaraNa karate hue sampUrNa aSTAMga Ayurveda kA varNana vistAra se kiyA hai| 14vIM zatAbdI ke muni yazA kIrti dvArA apabhraMza bhASA meM likhita "jagat sundarI prayogazAlA" nAmaka grantha kA ullekha sva. zrI jugalakizora mukhtAra ne anekAnta varSa 2 kiraNa 2 (azvina vIra nivANa 2465) meM prakAza DAlA hai| isI prAra san 1360 ke AsapAsa jaina kavi maMgarAja ke dvArA likhita "khagendramaNi darpaNa' nAmaka grantha kI jAnakArI milatI hai jo kannar3a lipi meM 300 pRSThoM kA hai, sthAvara viSa kI cikitsA para AdhArita hai / madhyayuga meM prANAvAya pUrva kI paramparA samApta ho gaI thii| isake kucha kAraNa the| eka to jaina Ayurveda-laukika vidyA ke rUpa meM mAnya kiyA gayA jo mahAvratI di. sAdhuoM ke lie sIkhanA abhISTa nahIM thaa| kyoMki unake lie laukika vidyAyeM niSprayojana mAnI jAtI thiiN| saMyamazIla tapaHpUta sAdhuoM kA jIvana anuzAsita hone se unakA
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________________ anekAnta 68/4, akTU-disambara, 2015 21 zarIra prAyaH nirogI hotA hai aura unheM auSadhopacAra kI AvazyakatA prAyaH nahIM hotI tathApi daivavazAt kabhI asvastha hote haiM to upavAsAdi kriyAoM se ve aneka rogoM kA zamana kara svayaM lete haiN| aisA lagatA hai ki uttara bhArata kI apekSA dakSiNa bhArata vizeSataH karnATakA meM prANAvaya pUrva kA pracalana adhika thaa| vahA~ AThavIM zatAbdI ke prANAvAya pUrva ke grantha abhI yatra-tatra milate haiM, jabaki uttara bhArata meM prANAvAya pUrva pratipAdaka eka bhI grantha prApta nahIM hai| IsA kI terahavIM zatAbdI se jaina zrAvikoM aura yati muniyoM ke dvArA racita Ayurveda granthoM kI jAnakArI prApta hotI hai| unameM kucha maukhika haiM, kucha saMkalana aura kucha TIkA grantha bhI haiN| TIkAyeM saMskRta athavA tatkAlIna pracalita hindI (dezI bhASA) meM hai| di0 jaina sAdhuoM meM bhaTTArakoM aura zvetAmbara sAdhuoM meM yatiyoM kA AvirbhAva hone ke pazcAt lokApayogI sAhitya kA sRjana huaa| ve upAzraya (upAsare) meM nivAsa karate hue loka samAja meM cikitsA taMtra-maMtra tathA jyotiSa vidyA Adi ke AdhAra para pratiSThA prApta kii| ise pIche nAthoM va zAktoM Adi kA baDhatA prabhAva thaa| jo laukika vidyAoM meM jaise cikitsA, rasAyana, jAdU-TonA, jhAr3A phUMkI, jyotiSa, taMtra-maMtra Adi ke dvArA samAja meM apanA prabhutva jamAne lage the| aisI sthiti meM samAja ke sammukha apanI pratiSThA aura sammAna ko banAye rakhane ke lie- jaina yatiyoM ko ina laukika vidyAoM kA Azaya lenA pdd'aa| bhaTArakoM kA prabhAva dakSiNa bhArata meM vizeSa rUpa se thaa| unhoMne Ayurveda kI viziSTa cikitsA rasAyana meM dakSatA prApta kara samAja meM apanA prabhutva bddh'aayaa| pArada, gandhaka aura khanija dravyoM ke yoga se nirmita rasauSadhiyoM ke dvArA, rogoM kA zamana karanA tathA roga va jarA se jarjarita zarIra meM zakti kA saMcAra karanA rasAyana cikitsA kA uddezya thaa| ___ Ayurveda mAnava-jIvana se pRthaka koI bhinna vastu nahIM hai| vartamAna meM upalabdha vaidika Ayurveda sAhitya ke anusAra bhAratIya saMskRti ke Adyasrota veda aura upaniSada ke bIja hI Ayarveda ko prApta hae haiN| ataH Ayarveda kevala bhautika tattvoM taka hI sImita nahIM hai, apitu AdhyAtmika tattvoM ke vizleSaNa meM bhI maulika vizeSatA rhii| cAhe abhyudaya prApta karanA ho yA niHzreyasa; donoM kI prApti ke lie zarIra kI svasthatA nitAnta apekSita hai|
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________________ anekAnta 68/4, akTU-disambara, 2015 zarIra ko Arogya pradAna karane aura vikAra grasta zarIra kI vikArAbhinivRtti karane meM eka mAtra Ayurveda hI samartha hai| caturvidha puruSArtha kA mUla Arogya hI hai- 'dharmArthakAmokSANAmArogyaM muulmuttmm'| zarIra ke sAtha sAtha prANa tattva kA vivecana, AtmA aura mana ke viSaya meM svataMtra dRSTikoNa tathA zArIrika, mAnasika va bauddhika vikAsa krama kA yathocita varNana Ayurveda kI vaijJAnikatA evaM prAmANikatA ke sabala pramANa haiN| viziSTa vidhi pUrvaka nirmita rasa-rasAyana-piSTI-bhasma-cUrNa-lepa-dhRtapAka tailapAka- avaleha-modaka Adi kalpanAe~ aura samasta banauSadhiyoM ke prayoga ne isa vijJAna ko nizcita hI maulika svarUpa pradAna kiyA hai| apanI saralatA aura rogamukta karane kI kSamatA ke kAraNa Ayurveda, grAmINa janajIvana meM AsAnI se praveza pA liyA hai aura vibhinna kADhoM (kvAtha) lepoM Adi ke dvArA grAmINa jana upacAra karate dekhe jAte haiN| ataH Ayurveda mAnava jIvana ke atyadhika sannikaTa hai| Ayurveda meM roga ke mUla kAraNa ko mithyA AhAra-vihAra janita batalAkara jisa prakAra saMyama dvArA AhAragata pathya ke niyama banAe gae haiM ve atyanta utkRSTa aura vyAvahArika haiN| elopaithI, homiyopaithI, prAkRtika cikitsA Adi meM vizvAsa rakhane vAle bhI Aja AhAra ke mahatva ko samajhane lage haiM aura roga nivAraNa ke lie rogI ke cikitsA krama ke saMyama dvArA vinirmita AhAragata pathyakrama ko mahatva dene lage haiN| jaina vAD.maya aura AyarvedazAstra __bArahavA~- 'dRSTivAda' nAma kA aMga hai| usake caudaha bheda haiN| una caudaha bhedoM maM 'prANAvAya' yA 'prANAvAda' nAmaka bheda hai| isI prANAvAya nAmaka aMga meM aSTAMga Ayurveda kA kathana atyanta vistAra se kiyA gayA hai| jainAcArya ne prANAvAya kI vivecanA isa prakAra kI hai "kAyacikitsAdyaSTAMga AyurvedaH bhUtakarma jAMguliprakramaH prANAyAnavibhAgo'pi yatra vistareNa vrnnittsttpraannaavaaym|| arthAt jisa zAstrA meM kAya, tadagata doSa aura unakI cikitsA Adi aSTAMga Ayurveda, pRthvI Adi paMca mahAbhUtoM ke karma, viSaile jIva-jantuoM ke viSa kA prabhAva aura usakI cikitsA tathA prANa-apAna vAyu kA vibhAga jisameM vistAra se varNita ho vaha 'prANAvAya' hotA hai| grantha ke anta meM likhate haiM
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________________ anekAnta 68/4 akTU- disambara, 2015 23 sarvArthAdhikamAgadhIyavilasad bhaassaaprishessojvlaat| prANAvAyamahAgamAdarvitathaM saMgRhya saMkSepataH / ugrAdityagururgururguruguNairudbhAsi saukhyAspadaM / zAstraM saMskRtabhASayA racitavAnityeSa bhedastayoH // - kalyANakAraka, a. 25, zlo. 54 arthAt sampUrNa artha ko pratipAdita karane vAlI sarvArthamAgadhI bhASA meM jo prANAvAya nAmaka mahAgama ( mahAzAstra) hai usase yathAvat rUpa se saMgraha kara ugrAditya guru uttama guNoM yukta sukha ke sthAnabhUta isa zAstra kI racanA saMskRta bhASA meM kii| jainamatAnusAra Ayurveda rUpa saMpUrNa prANAvAya ke Adya pravartaka prathama tIrthaMkara bhagavAn RSabhadeva haiN| isake viparIta vaidika matAnusAra Ayurveda zAstra ke Adya pravartaka yA AdyupadeSTA brahmA haiM jinhoMne sraSTi kI racanA se pUrva hI usI prakAra Ayurveda zAstra kI abhivyakti kI jisa prakAra bAlaka ke janma ke pUrva hI mAtA stanoM meM stanya (kSIra) kA AvirbhAva ho jAtA hai, kintu jainAmatAnusAra yaha sRSTi anAdi aura ananta hai| bhogabhUmi ke pazcAt karmabhUmi kA prArambha huaa| usa samaya zanaiH zanaiH kAlakrama se aise manuSya bhI utpanna hone lage jo viSa zastrAdi dvArA ghAta hone yogya zarIra ko dhAraNa karane vAle hone lge| unheM vAta-pitta-kapha ke udreka se mahAbhaya utpanna hone lagA / aisI sthiti meM bharata cakravartI Adi bhavya jana bhagavAn RSabhadadeva ke samavasaraNa meM phuNce| vahAM pahuMcakara unhoMne prabhu se nimna prakAra nivedana kiyA deva ! tvameva zaraNaM zaraNAgatAnAmasmAkamAkuladhiyAmiha karmabhUmau / zItAtitApahimadhRSTinipauDitAnAM kaalkrmaatkdshnaashnttpraannaam|| - nAnAvidhAmaya bhayAdartiduHkhitAnamAhArabheSajaniruktimajAnatAM naH / tatsvAsthyarakSaNa vidhanarmihAturaNAM kA vA kriyA kathayatAmatha lokanAtha // kalyANakAraka, a. 1/6-7 arthAt he deva! isa karmabhUmi meM atyadhika ThaMDa, garmI aura varSA se pIr3ita tathA kAlakrama se mithyA AhAra vihAra ke sevana se tatpara, vyAkula buddhi vAle zaraNAgata hama logoM ke lie Apa hI zaraNa hai| he tIna loka ke svAmin! aneka prakAra kI vyAdhiyoM ke bhaya se atyanta duHkhI tathA
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________________ 24 anekAnta 68/4 akTU-disambara, 2015 AhAra auSadhi ke krama ko nahIM jAnane vAle hama vyAdhito (pIr3itoM) ke lie svAsthya rakSA ke upAya aura rogoM kA nAza karane vAlI kriyA (cikitsA) batalAne kI kRpA kreN| taba bhagavAn kI vAgdevI divyadhvani prasArita huii| jise gaNadhara pramukha ne jAnA aura mahAvIra tIrthaMkara paryanta sabhI tIrthaMkaroM ne Ayurveda zAstra kA atyanta vistRta, doSarahita jJAna diyaa| Ayurveda zAstra kA manoyoga pUrvaka adhyayana karane vAle usameM niSNAta vyakti ko 'vaidya' kahA jAtA hai aisA kathana munijanoM ne kiyA hai| vaidyoM kA zAstra hone se ise vaidyaka zAstra kahate haiN| zrI ugrAdityAcArya ne vaidya evaM Ayurveda zabda ko nimna prakAra se paribhASita kiyA haividyeti satprakaTakevalalocanAkhyA tasyAM ydetduppnnmudaarshaastrm| vaidyaM vadanti padazAstravizeNajJA etadvicintya ca paThanti ca te'pi vaidyA // vedo'yamityapi ca bodhavicAralAbhAttatvArthasUcakavacaH khalu dhaatubhedaat| Ayuzca tena saha pUrvanibaddhamudyacchAstrAbhidhAnamaparaM pravadanti tajjJAH // kalyANakAraka a. 1/18-19 arthAt acchI taraha se utpanna kevalajJAna rUpI cakSu ko vidyA kahate haiN| usa vidyA se utpanna udAra zAstra ko vyAkaraNa zAstra ke vizeSajJa vaidyazAstra kahate haiN| usa udAra zAstra ko jo loga acchI taraha manana pUrvaka par3hate haiM ve vaidya kahalAte haiN| yaha Ayurveda bhI kahalAtA hai| veda zabda kA artha vastu ke yathArtha svarUpa ko batalAne vAlA hai yAni tattva ke artha ko pratipAdita karane vAle vacana / isa veda zabda ke pahale 'AyuH ' zabda jor3a diyA jAya to 'Ayurveda' zabda niSpanna hotA hai| ataH usa vaidyazAstra ke jJAtA usa zAstra kA apara (dUsarA) nAma Ayurveda zAstra kahate haiN| jisa zAstra meM Ayu kA svarUpa pratipAdita kiyA gayA ho, jisa zAstra kA adhyayana karane se Ayu sambandhI vistRta jJAna prApta hotA hai| athavA jisa zAstra ke viSaya meM vicAra karane se hitakara Ayu, ahitakara Ayu, sukhakara Ayu aura dukhakara Ayu ke viSaya meM jAnakArI prApta hotI hai athavA jisa zAstra meM batalAe hue niyamoM kA pAlana karane se dIrghAyu prApta kI jA sakatI hai usakA nAma Ayurveda hai| isI prakAra svastha aura asvastha manuSya kI prakRti, zubha aura azubha batalAne vAle dUta evaM ariSTa lakSaNa ityAdi ke upadezoM se jo zAstra Ayu kA viSaya arthAt yaha svalpAyu hai
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________________ anekAnta 68/4, akTU-disambara, 2015 25 athavA madhyamAyu hai yA dIrghAyu hai ina saba viSayoM kA jJAna karA detA hai vaha Ayurveda hai| yahA~ yaha smaraNIya hai ki Ayu zabdakA artha vaya nahIM karanA caahiye| Ayu aura vaya meM paryApta bhinnatA hai| Ayu zabda yAvajjIvana kAla kA bodhaka hai jabaki vaya zabda jIvana kI eka nizcita kAlAvadhi kA dyotaka hai| Ayu ke lie kauna sI vastu lAbhadAyaka hai athavA kisa vastu yA viSaya ke sevana seAyu kI hAni ho sakatI hai ? kisa prakAra kI Ayu hitakara hai aura kisa prakAra kI Ayu ahita kara hai ? yaha saMpUrNa viSaya jisa zAstra meM varNita hotA hai tathA Ayu ko bAdhita karane vAle rogoM kA nidAna aura unakA pratikAra karane ke upAyoM (cikitsA) kA varNana jisa zAstra meM kiyA gayA hai use vidvAnoM ne Ayurveda saMjJA se abhihita kiyA hai| isa zAstra meM AhAra-vihAra sambandhI niyamoM aura anya sadAcAroM kA pAlana karane se dIrghAyu kI prApti ho sakatI hai| yaha vaidya zAstra lokopakAra ke lie pratipAdita kiyA gayA hai| isakA prayojana dvividha hai. 1. svastha puruSoM ke svAsthya kI rakSA karanA aura 2. rogI manuSyoM ke roga kA prazamana krnaa| bhagavAn jinenadra deva ke anusAra do prakAra kA svAsthya batalAyA gayA hai- pAramArthika svAsthya aura vyavahAra svaasthy| ina donoM meM pAramArthika svAsthya mukhya hai| paramArtha svAsthya kA nimna lakSaNa batalAyA gayA hai azeSakarmakSayajaM mahAdbhutaM ydedaatyntikmdvitiiym| atIndriyaM prArthitamarthavedibhiH tadetaduktaM prmaarthnaamkm|| -kalyANakAraka a. 2/3 arthAt AtmA ke sampUrNa karmoM kA kSaya hone se utpanna, atyanta adbhuta, Atyantika evaM advitIya vidvAnoM atIndriya mokSasukha hI pAramArthika sukha kahate hai| vyavahAra svAsthya kA lakSaNa nimna nimna prakAra batalAyA gayA hai| samAgni dhAtutva madoSavibhramo mlkriyaatmendriysuprsnntaa| manaH prasAdazca narasya sarvadA tadevamuktaM vyavahArajaM khlu|| - kalyANakAraka a. 2/4
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________________ anekAnta 68/4, akTU-disambara, 2015 ___ arthAt manuSya ke zarIra meM sama agni (avikRta jaTharAgni) honA, dhAtuoM kA sama honA, vAta-pitta-kapha tInoM kA vibhrama (vikRta) nahIM honA, maloM (sveda mUtra-purISa) kI visarjana kiyA yathocita rUpa se honA, AtmA, indriya aura mana kI prasannatA sadaiva rahanA yaha vyavahArika svAsthya kA lakSaNa hai| cikitsA yoga yahAM katipaya cikitsA yogoM ko uddhRta karanA Avazyaka samajhatA hU~ tAki sabhI loga unakA vyavahAra kara unameM apekSita lAbha uThA skeN| kucha upayogI yoga nimna hai1. giloya, soMTha, nAgaramothA aura javAsA ina sabakA kvAtha banA kara dene se jvara naSTa hotA hai| 2. giloya, soMTha aura pIpalAmUla ina sabakA kADhA banA kara pIne se vAta jvara miTatA hai| 3. pittapApaDA, nAgaramothA, cirAyatA inakA kAr3hA banAkara 1-1 tolA prAtaH sAyaM pIne se pitta jvara naSTa hotA hai| 4. mIThA anAra kA rasa pilAne se yA phAlasA ke rasa meM sedhA namaka milAkara dene se pitta jvara zAnta hotA hai| 5. nIma kI chAla, soMTha, giloya, kaTA pohakara mUla, kuTakI, kacUra, aDUvA, kAyaphala, pIpalI aura zatAvarI inako 3-3 mAzA lekara inakA kADhA banAkara dene se kaphajvara zAnta hotA hai| 6. kAyaphala, pIpala, kAkaDAsigI, pohakara mUla samabhAga lekara inakA bArIka cUrNa 3 mAzA kI mAtrA meM mizrI kI cAsanI ke sAtha dene se kapha jvara naSTa hotA hai| 7. kAyaphala, pIpalAmUla, indrajau, bhAraMgI, sauMTha, cirAyatA, kAlI mirca, pIpala, kAkar3AsiMgI, pohakaramUla, rAsnA, donoM kaTerI, ajamoda, char3a, vaca, pATha, aDUsA, cavya ina sabako samabhAga lekara 8 mAzA kA kvAtha banAkara donoM samaya dene se sannipAta jvara, sabhI prakAra ke vAtaroga, peTa kA zUla, ApharA, vAya va kapha vikAroM kA nAza hotA hai| 8. dhaniyA aura pittapApar3A kA kvAtha pIne se jIrNa jvara (purAnA jvara) miTatA hai|
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________________ anekAnta 68/4, akTU-disambara, 2015 27 9. jo jIrNa yA maleriyA jvara kunaina Adi auSadhiyoM ke sevana se nahIM miTatA hai vaha jvara dAra-haldI kA cUrNa yA kvAtha dene se miTa jAtA hai| 10. pitta pApar3A aura giloya ke kAr3he meM kAlI mirca kA cUrNa DAla kara pilAne se jIrNa jvara aura khAMsI meM lAbha hotA hai| 11. viSama jvara (maleriyA) kI sthiti meM sudarzana cUrNa garama jala se dene se jvara zAnta hotA hai| 12. bakarI ke dUdha meM soMTha kA bArIka cUrNa milAkara yA soMTha ko ghisa kara sira para lepa karane se siradarda ThIka hotA hai| 13. harar3a kI guThalI ko pAnI meM pIsa kara lepa karane se AdhAzIzI kI pIr3A miTa jAtI hai| 14. prAtaH sAyaM dUdha ke sAtha gulakanda kA sevana karane se smaraNa zakti bar3hatI hai| 15. ghI aura dUdha ke sAtha 1 mAzA baca kA cUrNa lene se smRti kI vRddhi hotI hai| 16. brAhmI se nirmita dhRta yA maNDUkaparNI kA svarasa yA gavya dugdha ke sAtha yaSTImadhu (muleThI) kA cUrNa yA giloya svarasa yA mUla aura puSpa yukta zakhapuSpI ke kalka kA prayoga karane se medhA kI vRddhi hotI hai| ataH ye medhya rasAyana hai| inameM brAhmI evaM zaMkha puSpI vizeSata: medhya hai| 17. aDUsA, munakkA aura mizrI kA sevana karane se sUkhI khAMsI miTa jAtI 18. kera kI lakaDI kI bhasma 1 rattI kI mAtrA meM mizrI kI cAsanI ke sAtha khAne se sUkhI khAMsI meM lAbha hotA hai| 19. adaraka kA rasa, nAgarabela ke pAna kA rasa aura tulasI pattoM kA rasa sama bhAga lekara usameM mizrI milA kara pIne se kaphaja khAMsI meM lAbha hotA hai| 20. mizrI 16 tolA, vaMzalocana 8 tolA, pippalI 4 tolA, choTI ilAyacI 2 tolA aura dAla cInI 1 tolA inako kUTa chAna kara bArIka cUrNa banA leN| yaha sitopalAdi cUrNa zvAsa, kAsa, hAtha-paira meM atyadhika lAbhakArI hai| ******
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________________ anekAnta 68/4, akTU-disambara, 2015 kaivalya vRkSoM kA auSadhIya mahatva -siMghaI jayakumAra jaina (yaha zodhalekha-atyanta mahattvapUrNa hai, jo lekhaka kA zramasAdhya khojapUrNa kArya hai| 24 tIrthakaroM ne bhinna bhinna vRkSoM ke nIce tapasyA karake kevalajJAna prApta kiyA thA astu ve 'kaivalyavRkSa' kahalAte haiN| lekhaka ne digambara evaM zvetAmbara paramparA se vibhinna purANoM ke AdhAra para kaivalyavRkSa tAlikA bhI bhejI hai jo yahA~ saMdarbhita nahI hai| ___ - saMpAdaka vartamAna huNDAvasarpiNI kAla meM prathama tIrthaMkara RSabhadeva hue| bhogabhUmi kI vyavasthAeM samApta ho rahI thiiN| kalpavRkSoM kI kSamatAeM ghaTa rahI thiiN| janamAnasa bhayAkrAnta thA, aise samaya meM RSabhadeva (AdinAtha) ne 8 vidyAoM ke antargata "kRSi" kA jJAna kraayaa| unhoMne AhAra ke lie upayogI aura svAsthya ke lie uttama anna phala aura banauSadhiyoM kI jAnakArI dii| tatkAlIna bhAratIya samAja ke lie 'zAkAhAra' kI mahattA pratipAdita kii| nirAmiSa bhojana bala, vIrya varddhaka aura zuddha hai kyoMki ahiMsA kI ekamAtra zuddhi kA AdhAra hai| zAkAhAra paryAvaraNa saMrakSaNa kA bhI kArya karatA hai| vanaspati ke binA jaivika prakriyA asaMbhava hai| kucha vanaspatiyA~ aisI haiM jo auSadhi evaM AhAra donoM meM kArya AtI haiN| inakA zAkAhAra tathA cikitsA kI dRSTi se mahatva hai| ina vAnaspatika Ayurveda auSadhiyoM kA cUrNa, kvAtha, lepa, avaleha, vaTI, Asava, ariSTa Adi rUpa meM upayoga hotA hai| zAkAhArI sAmAgrI kA mUla srota, vRkSa, latA, gulma Adi haiN| bhagavAn mahAvIra ke pazcAt unake ziSyoM ne tIrthakara kI vANI ko bAraha aMgoM (dvAdazAMga) ke rUpa meM nAma diyaa| isa dvAdazAMga vANI ke antima aMga ko "dRSTivAda" kahate haiN| dRSTivAda bhI pAMca bhedoM meM garbhita hai, jinameM se eka bheda 'prANAvAya' hai| prANAvAya meM manuSyoM ke AdhyAtmika, naitika aura zArIrika svasthatA ke upAyoM kA varNana hai| yaha svasthatA AMtarika bhI aura bAhya bhI aura ise prApta karane ke lie AhAra-vihAra, paraheja tathA
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________________ 29 anekAnta 68/4, akTU-disambara, 2015 cikitsA paddhati ko isa aMga meM samAhita kiyA gayA hai| prANAvAya nAmaka isa pUrva ke padoM kI saMkhyA digambara paramparA meM teraha karor3a aura zvetAmbara paramparA meM eka karor3a chappana lAkha kahI gayI hai| yaha prANAvAya pravAda pUrva, indriya, bala, Ayu, ucchavAsoM kA, apaghAta maraNa aru Ayubandha, Ayu apakarSaNa Adi kaa| yaha Ayurveda ke aSTa aMga, kA vistRta varNana karatA hai| isameM pada teraha koTi ise pUjata hI svAsthya lAbha miltaa| vartamAna meM digambara jainAcArya 'ugrAditya' viracita 'kalyANakArakam' grantha isa paramparA ke prAcInatama upalabdha sAhitya ke rUpa meM prApta hai| vidvAnoM ne paryApta UhApoha kara AcArya ugrAditya kA samaya IsvI navIM zatAbdI nirUpita kiyA hai| isa grantha ke prAraMbha meM AcArya zrI ne Ayurveda zAstra kI utpatti ke viSaya meM eka sundara itihAsa likhA hai| grantha ke maMgalAcaraNa meM bhagavAn AdinAtha ko praNAma karate hue bharata cakravartI ne prArthanA kI ki deva tvameva zaraNaM zaraNAgatAnA masmAkamAkuladhiyAmiha krmbhuumau| zItAtitApahima vRSTi nipIDitAnAM, kaalkrmaatkdshnaashnttpraannaam||5|| svAmin isa karmabhUmi kI hAlata meM hama loga ThaMDI, garmI va barasAta Adi ke pIr3ita hokara dukhI hue haiM evaM kAlakrama se hama loga mithyA, AhAra-vihAra kA sevana karane lage haiN| isIlie deva, Apa hI zaraNAgatoM ke rakSaka haiN| nAnAvidhAmayabhayAdatiduHkhitAnA, mAhAra bheSajani ruktimajAnatAM n| tatsvAsthya rakSaNa-vidhAnamihAturANAM, kA vA kriyA kathayatAmatha loknaath||6|| trilokInAtha! isa prakAra AhAra, auSadhi Adi ke krama ko nahIM jAnane vAle va aneka prakAra ke rogoM ke bhaya se pIr3ita hama logoM ke roga ko dUra karane aura svAsthya rakSaNa karane kA upAya kyA hai ? kRpayA Apa btlaaveN|
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________________ anekAnta 68/4, akTU-disambara, 2015 ___ isa prakAra uparyukta vivecana se yaha pramANita hotA hai ki Ayurveda kA kathana jainadharma va jaina sAhitya meM vidyamAna hai| Adi purANakAra ne likhA hai ki "Ayurasminavidyate'nena vA AyurvindatItyAyurvedaH 5 samasta lokavidhiyoM ke svAmI bharata mUrtimAna Ayurveda hI haiM arthAt Ayurveda ne hI kyA bharata kA zarIra dhAraNa kiyA hai| vanaspatikAyika jIvoM kI dasa lAkha jAtiyA~ hotI haiN| Ayurveda ke viziSTa jAnakAroM ne jina jina vanaspatiyoM ko apane zodha kA viSaya banAyA, unameM se koI bhI vanaspati aisI nahIM thI, jisameM auSadhIya guNa na ho| niHsandigdha rUpa se yaha kahA jA sakatA hai ki, pratyeka vanaspati ke kisI na kisI aMza meM rogazamana kI kSamatA hotI hai| AvazyakatA hai, usake guNa ko pahacAnane aura niyaMtrita vidhi se sevana karane kii| ___ tIrthaMkaroM ne jina vRkSoM ke nIce dhyAnastha ho, kaThora tapazcaraNa dvArA ghAtiyA karmoM ko naSTakara kevalajJAna prApta kiyA, una vRkSoM ko kaivalyavRkSa ke nAma se abhihita kiyA gayA hai| aneka jaina granthoM meM hameM ina kaivalyavRkSoM kI jAnakArI prApta hotI hai| digambarA paramparA meM 'tiloyapaNNatti' sahita prathamAnuyoga ke aneka granthoM meM hama inake bAre meM jAna sakate haiN| Aiye ! hama ina vRkSoM ke auSadhIya guNoM ko saMkSipta meM jAnane kA prayAsa kreNge| 1. nyagrodha (baragada) - bha. AdinAtha kA kaivalyavRkSa saMskRta- vaTa, raktaphala, zrRMgI, nyagrodha, skandhaja, kSIrI, vAsa, vaizravaNa, bhupaad| hindI- bar3a, baragada leTina- Ficusbenghalensis Linn baragada kA vRkSa prANavAyu visarjita karane meM vanaspati jagata meM dUsare sthAna para hai| bar3a kaSAya zItavIrya, guru, grAhI stambhana, rukSaNa, varNya, mUtra tathA tRSNA, vamana, mUrchA, raktapitta, visarpa, dAha aura yonidoSa ko dUra karane vAlA hai| zrI rAkeza bedI ne likhA hai ki yaha garbha ke lie hitakara hai| pradara, peTa ke roga, pyAsa, dAha, khAMsI, zodhana ke upadrava, mUtra aura vIrya roga, gaThiyA, phor3e-jakhma, visarpa, kuSTha, khUna bahane, sarpapiSa aura mUrdhA ke roga meM bhI upayogI hai|
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________________ 31 anekAnta 68/4, akTU-disambara, 2015 2. saptaparNa - tIrthakara ajitanAtha kA kaivalyavRkSa saMskRta- saptaparNa, vizAlatvaka, zArada, viSamacchada hindI- sataunA, satavana, hativana, sativana laiTina- Alstonia scholarisR.Bs. sundara vizAla, sIdhA, sadAharita evaM chIrayukta sativana yA sataune kA vRkSa prAyaH samasta Ardra prAntoM meM pAyA jAtA hai| isake satva ke guNa kunaina ke samAna haiN| prasUtAvasthA meM pahale dina se hI ise sugandhita padArthoM (vaca, adaraka, kacUra) ke sAtha dete rahane se jvara nahIM AtA, anna ThIka se pacatA hai aura mAtA kA dUdha bar3hatA hai| __ Ayurveda ke anusAra saptaparNa kI chAla kapha, vAta zAmaka, vraNazodhaka, raktazodhaka, kRmighna, aura viSama jvara nAzaka hotI hai| isakI eka pramukha vizeSatA yaha hai ki isake dvArA banAI gaI auSadhiyA~ kuprabhAvahIna hotI haiN|' 3. zAla (zAla-vRkSa) tIrthakara saMbhavanAtha kA kaivalya vRkSa evaM bha. mahAvIra svAmI saMskRta- zAla, sarja, kArya, azvakarNaka, zatyazambara hindI- zAla, sAla, sAkha, sakhuA laiTina- ShosearobustaGaertrif zAla ke baDe aura vizAla vakSa satalaja nadI ke pradezoM se lekara AsAma taka. madhya bhArata ke pUrvI bhAga, aura choTA nAgapura ke jaMgaloM meM bahutAyata se hote haiN| yaha vraNazodhana, raktavikAra, agnidAha, karNaroga, viSa, kuSTha, prameha aura pANDu roga kA nAza karane vAlA tathA meda ko sukhAne vAlA hai| phor3e-phusiyoM kI pIr3A zAnta karane meM tathA ghAva bharane meM upayogI hai| zAla ke maMjana se dAMtoM kI pIr3A zAnta hotI hai| 4. sarala - bha. abhinandananAtha kA kaivalya vRkSa saMskRta- sarala, pItavRkSa, surabhidArUka hindI- dhUpasarala, cira, cIr3ha, cIr3a laiTina- Pinus longifoliaRoxl. cIr3a ke vizAla vRkSa sIdhe (sarala) hote haiN| ye himAlaya meM kAzmIra se lekara paMjAba, uttarapradeza aura AsAma taka pAye jAte haiN|
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________________ anekAnta 68/4, akTU-disambara, 2015 cIr3a kaTu, tikta uSNavIrya, koSTha zuddhikara tathA kapha, vAta, zodha, kaNDU aura vraNa kA nAza karane vAlA hai| isake kANDa meM kSata karane se eka prakAra kA niryAsa nikalatA hai jisako gaMdha virojA kahate haiN| gaMdha virojA se jo tela nikAlA jAtA hai, usako tArapIna kA tela kahate haiN|" 5. priyaMgu - bha. sumatinAtha evaM bha. padmaprabha kA kaivalyavRkSa saMskRta- priyaMgu, phalinI, kAntA, latA, zyAmA, gundrA, gandhaphalA, priyA, vidhavavasenAMgA, hindI - priyaMgu, phUla - priyaMgu, gandhapriyaMgu, vuMDuDa, bUr3hI ghAsI, DaiyA, dahiyA 32 laiTina - Callicarpa macrophylla Vahi. yaha nepAla, deharAdUna, baMgAla, bihAra, tathA uttarapradeza ke kucha bhAgoM meM (jalaprAya sthAnoM meM) pAyA jAtA hai| gulma 4 se 8 phuTa U~cA hotA hai| puSpa gulAbI hote haiN| DAliyA~ puSpa gucchoM ke bojha se jhuka jAtI haiN| 2 6. zirISa - bha. supArzvanAtha kA kaivalya vRkSa saMskRta - zirISa, bhaNDila, bhaNDI, bhaNDIra, kapItana, zukapuSpa, zukataru, zukapriya, mRdupuSpa | hindI - sirasa, sirisa laiTina - Albizzia labbeck Benth zirISa kaSAya, tikta, uSNavIrya, laghu tridoSa hara, vedanA, sthApana, zirovirecana, viSahara, kuSTha, kaNDu, zvaoNsa aura khA~sI roga ko dUra karane vAlA hai| zirISa kaSAya, tikta, uSNavIrya, laghu, tridoSa hara, vedanA sthApana, zirovirecana, viSahara, kuSTha, kaNDu, zvA~sa aura khAMsI rogA ko dUra karane vAlA hai| chAla ke kvAtha kA kullA karane se dA~ta majabUta hote haiN| 3 7. nAgavRkSa-bha. candraprabha kA kaivalya vRkSa saMskRta- nAga, nAgapuSpa, kezara, nAgakezara, nAgakiJjalka, kAJcanAhra, cAmpeya hindI - nAgakesara, nAgesara, nAgacakayA, pIlA nAgakezara laiTina - Mesua ferrea Linn pUrvI himAlaya, AsAma, pUrva baMgAla aura barmA se lekara dakSiNa hindustAna taka pahAr3oM meM pAyA jAtA hai| vRkSa choTA aura sundara hotA hai|
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________________ anekAnta 68/4 akTU-disambara, 2015 33 nAgakesara kapha aura pitta ke kAraNa utpanna hone vAle rogoM ke sAtha hI viSajanya rogoM meM lAbhakArI hai| yaha bavAsIra, khUnI bavAsIra, peTa ke kIr3e, khajulI Adi rogoM ko dUra karatA hai| isakA upayoga kuSTharogoM meM bhI kiyA jAtA hai| nAgakesara kI chAla, jar3a, phUla, kalI, kacce-pakke phala Adi sabhI kA upayoga auSadhi nirmANa meM kiyA jAtA hai| 14 8. akSa (baher3I)- bha. puSpadaMta kA kaivalya vRkSa saMskRta - akSa, vibhItaka, karSaphala, kalidruma, bhUtavAsa, kaliyugAlaya hindI- baher3A, baherA, phinAsa, bhairA laiTina - Terminallia belerica Roxle lagabhaga 60 se 100 phITa taka U~cAI ko prApta hone vAlA baher3e kA vizAla vRkSa deza ke prAyaH sabhI prAntoM meM pAyA jAtA hai| baher3A halakA, garama, rUkSa, tIkSNa aura kapha-pitta nAzaka hai| A~khoM ke lie hitakara aura anya mukha rogoM meM guNakArI hai / bahate hue khUna ko banda karatA hai| bAloM ko pakane se rokane aura bAloM kI vRddhi meM sahAyaka hone ke kAraNa bAloM ke lie lAbhadAyaka samajhA jAtA hai| yaha kRminAzaka hai|' 5 9. dhUlipalAza bha. zItalanAtha kA kaivalya vRkSa saMskRta - palAza, kiMzuka, parNa, yajJiya, raktapuSpaka, kSAra zreSTha, vAtapotha, brahmavRkSa, samidvara, hindI - DhAka, palAza, parAsa, TesU choTe yA madhyama U~cAI ke palAza vRkSa atyanta zuSka bhAgoM ko chor3akara prAyaH sabhI prAntoM meM pAyA jAtA hai| dUra se sugge kI coMca kI taraha dikhane ke kAraNa ise kiMzuka bhI kahA jAtA hai| isa vRkSa kI chAla se raktavarNa kA goMda nikalatA hai| palAza kA puSpa vAtala tathA kapha, pitta, raktavikAra, vAtarakta aura kuSTha kA nAza karane vAlA hai| palAza ke bIjoM kA tela kapha-pitta prazamanakAraka hai / " - 10. teMdU - bha. zreyAMzanAtha kA kaivalya vRkSa saMskRta - tinduka, sphUrjaka, kAlaskandha, asitakAraka hindI - teMdU, gAba, gAma laiTina- Disphyros melanoxylon Pers
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________________ anekAnta 68/4 akTU - disambara, 2015 yaha vRkSa prAyaH sabhI prAntoM meM pAyA jAtA hai para baMgAla meM adhika hotA hai| isake bIjoM meM tela hotA hai| viSama jvara meM chAla dete haiN| mukha pAka meM 34 phala ke phAMTa se kullA karAte haiN|" 11. pATala- bha. vAsupUjya kA kaivalya vRkSa saMskRta- pATalA, pATali, amoghA madhudUtI, phaleruhA, kRSNavRntA, kuberAkSI, kAlasthalI, alivallabhA, hindI- pADhala, pADara, pArala laiTina Stereo spermumsuveo lens D.C. yaha prAyaH samasta bhArata meM zuSka bhAgoM meM pAyA jAtA hai| pATala kaSAya, tikta tathA tridoSahara hai / aruci, zvAsa, zodha, arza, vamana, , hicakI, tRSA aura rakta vikAra ko miTAne vAlA hai| phUloM ko jala meM rakhane se unakA suvAsa utaratA hai / " 12. jambU- bha. vimalanAtha kA kaivalya vRkSa saMskRta- phalendrA, naMdI, rAjajambU, mahAphalA, surabhipatrA, mhaajmbuu| hindI bar3I jAmuna, pharendra, pharena, phaDenA, phalendra, rAjajAmuna / laiTina Eugenia Jambolana Lam atyanta zuSka bhAgoM ko chor3akara jAmuna sabhI prAntoM meM pAI jAtI hai| isakA vRkSa bar3A aura sadA harAbharA rahatA hai| jAmuna kI komala pattI vamana vanda karane vAlI hai| madhumeha meM jAmuna kI magaja se lAbha hotA hai| phaloM kA uttama Asava banatA hai, vaha mudhameha, atisAra, saMgrahaNI aura oNba meM diyA jAtA hai|" 13. azvattha ( pIpala) bha anantanAtha kA kaivalya vRkSa saMskRta azvattha, pIpala, bodhiDu, calapatra, gajAzana, hindI- pIpalavRkSa laiTina Ficus religiosa Linn. pIpala kA vRkSa isa deza ke prAyaH sabhI prAMtoM meM pAyA jAtA hai| yaha bahuta U~cA, ghanA aura vistArayukta hotA hai| prANavAyu utsarjita karane meM pIpala kA sthAna sarvaprathama hai| mUtra saMgrahaNIya dasa auSadhiyoM meM caraka ne pIpala ko ginAyA hai| roga nivAraka vasti (enImA) meM maharSi caraka chAla kA prayoga karate the|
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________________ 35 anekAnta 68/4, akTU-disambara, 2015 pIpala kA prayoga khAMsI, damA, bukhAra, cecaka, khUna rokane, gudA ke roga, gaThiyA, sUjana, visarpa, phor3e, aura kAna ke roga meM kiyA jAtA hai|20 pazcima baMgAla meM pattA kAlA raMga taiyAra karane ke lie pIpala kI chAla kA anya chAloM ke sAtha prayoga kiyA jAtA hai| prAcInakAla meM myAMmAra (varmA) meM pIpala kI chAla se kAgaja taiyAra kiyA jAtA thaa| 14. dadhiparNa - bha. dharmanAtha kA kaivalya vRkSa saMskRta- kapittha, kapipriya, puSpaphala, dadhittha, dantazaTha, dadhiphala hindI- kaiMtha, kathA, kaiMta, karaMta laiTina- Feronia elephantum Corsea yaha isa deza ke prAyaH sUkhe prAntoM meM adhika utpanna hotA hai| dakSiNa bhArata meM vanya avasthAoM meM pAyA jAtA hai| paripakva kaiMtha madhura, amla-kaSAya tathA sugandhi hone se rucikara, kapha, vAyu, zvAsa, khA~sI, aruci aura tRSNA ko dUra karane vAlA hai| 15. nandI - bha. zAntinAtha kA kaivalya vRkSa saMskRta- tUNI, tunnaka, ApIna, tuNika, kacchaka, kuTheraka, kAntalaka, nandaka, hindI- tuna, tUna, tUnI, mahAnima laiTina- Cedrela Foona Rox| yaha himAlaya ke nicale pradezoM meM AsAma, baMgAla, choTA nAgapura, pazcimI ghATa evaM dakSiNI prAyadIpa meM hotA hai| isakI lakaDI pharnIcara banAne ke kAma AtI hai| chAla tathA puSpa kA upayoga cikitsA meM kiyA jAtA hai baccoM ke jIrNa atisAra Adi meM chAla kA prayoga karate haiN| viSama jvara meM dasta hone para bhI chAla dI jAtI hai|23 16. nandIvRkSa-zvetAmbara paraMparA meM-bha. zAntinAtha kA kaivalya vRkSa saMskRta- nandIvRkSa, azvattha bheda, prarohI, gajapAdapa, sthAlIvRkSa, kSaya taru, kSIrI hindI- beliyA pIpala laiTina- Ficus reteesa yaha choTA nAgapura, vihAra, madhyabhArata, dakSiNa bhArata tathA sundaravana meM hotA hai|
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________________ anekAnta 68/4, akTU-disambara, 2015 17. tilaka- bha. kunthunAtha kA kaivalya vRkSa saMskRta- tilaka, kSuraka, zrImAna, puruSa, chinnapuSpaka hindI- tilaka, tiliyA, tilakA cifer- Wendlendia exerta D.C. himAlaya ke uSNapradezIya zuSka jaMgaloM meM, ur3IsA, madhyabhArata, koMkaNa evaM uttarI Dekkana meM pAyA jAtA hai| yaha khulI huI aura choTI-choTI vanaspatiyoM se rahita bhUmi jaise nAloM ke DhalAna para adhika hotA hai| isakI chAla recaka tathA cabAne se lAlAsrAva vardhaka hotI hai| 18. Amra- bha. aranAtha kA kaivalya vRkSa saMskRta- Amra, cUta, rasAla, sahakAra, kAmAMga, mAkanda, atisaura, madhudUta, pikavallama hindI- Ama laiTina- Nagbniufera indica Linn bhArata meM lagabhaga 1200 prakAra ke Ama ke vRkSa pAye jAte haiN| vyAvasAyika AdhAra para lagabhaga 25 prajAtiyoM ke nAma saphala haiN| inameM dazaharI, laMgar3A, totAparI, causA, saphedA, kalamI, alphAnso, bambaiyA, nIlama, baMgalaurA, gulAba khasa, mulagovA, baMganapallI, paiMrI, olUra, svarNa rekhA Adi pramukha hai| isakI lakar3I, chAla, patte, phala, bIja, majjA, goMda Adi sabhI bar3e upayogI haiN| isake tane aura zAkhAoM kI chAla se aneka prakAra kI Ayurvedika auSadhiyA~ taiyAra kI jAtI haiN| vRkSa kI tAjI chAla kA rasa peciza meM aura chAla kA kAr3hA purAne se purAne ghAva ko bharane meM prayoga kiyA jAtA hai| Ama kI sUkhI pattiyoM kA cUrNa madhumeha kI rAmabANa auSadhi hai| Ama kI bauroM kI sahAyatA se atisAra, prameha, raktadoSa, kapha tathA pitta se saMbandhita aneka auSadhiyA~ taiyAra kI jAtI haiN| Ama kA phala (pakA huA) hRdaya rogI ke lie vizeSa rUpa se lAbhadAyaka hai to kaccA phala lU lagane para pane ke rUpa meM diyA jAtA hai| 19. kaMkeli - bha. mallinAtha kA kaivalya vRkSa __ saMskRta- kaMkeli, azoka, hemapuSpa, vaJjula, naTa, tAmrapallava, piNDapuSpa, gandhapuSpa hindI- azoka laiTina- Saraca indica Linn
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________________ anekAnta 68/4 akTU- disambara, 2015 varSa bhara harita rahane vAlA azoka kA vRkSa bar3A sIdhA aura lagabhaga jhopar3AkAra hotA hai| yaha madhya aura pUrvI himAlaya sahita, pUrvI baMgAla aura dakSiNa bhArata meM pAyA jAtA hai| yaha raktapradara, zvetapradara, ArtavazUla Adi garbhAzaya ke rogoM meM guNakArI hai | 26 37 20. campaka- bha. munisuvratanAtha kA kaivalyavRkSa saMskRta - cAmpeya, campaka, hemapuSpa, svarNapuSpa, pItapuSpa, kAJcana, ssttpdaatithi| hindI - campA laiTina - Michelia Champaca Linn campA kA vRkSa choTA aura sadAbahAra hotA hai| yaha prAyaH vATikAoM meM prApta hotA hai kintu pUrvI himAlaya meM 3000 phITa U~cAI taka tathA AsAma pazcimI ghATa tathA dakSiNa bhArata meM vanya avasthA meM bhI pAyA jAtA hai| caMpA rasa meM kaTu, tikta, kaSAya, zItavIrya, raktapitta, dAda, kuSTha, kaMDu vRNa, mUtrakRccha, viSa, kRmi, raktavikAra, kapha aura pitta kA nAza karane vAlA hai|7 21. bakula- bha. naminAtha kA kaivalya vRkSa saMskRta - bakula, madhugandha, siMha kesaraka hindI - maulasirI laiTina - Mimusops elengi Linn saghana aura cikane pattoM se yukta yaha vRkSa sarvatra bAgoM meM lagA huA pAyA jAtA hai| dakSiNa bhArata tathA aMDamAna meM bahutAyata se hotA hai| maulasirI kA puSpa kapha, pitta, viSa, kRmi, aura dAMta ke rogoM kA nAza karane vAlA hai| chAla kA kvAtha jIrNa jvara meM dete haiN| dAMta hilane aura mukhapAka meM bhI chAla ke kvAtha ke kulle karAye jAte haiN| rakta-yukta jIrNa oNva meM pake hue phaloM kA upayoga kiyA jAtA hai| 28 22. meSazrRMga - bha. neminAtha kA kaivalya vRkSa saMskRta - meSazraMgI, viSANI, meSavallI, ajazrRMgikA, madhunAzinI hindI - meDhAsiMgI, gur3amAra laiTina - Gymnema sylvestre RBs yaha koMkaNa, zrAvaNakora, govA tathA dakSiNa bhArata meM vizeSa rUpa se tathA bihAra evaM uttarapradeza meM kahIM-kahIM milatI hai| isakI pattiyoM ko cabAne se 1-2 ghaNTe ke lie jIbha kI svAda grahaNa zakti naSTa ho jAtI hai, isI se
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________________ 38 anekAnta 68/4 akTU- disambara, 2015 ise gur3amAra kahate haiN| madhumeha ke ilAja ke lie isakA prayoga kiyA jAtA hai| 29 23. dhava- bha. pArzvanAtha kA kaivalya vRkSa saMskRta - dhava, dhaTa, nanditaru, sthira, dhurandhara, gaura hindI - dhaurA, dhau, dhava, dhoM, dhavavRkSa laiTina- Anogeissus lati folia wall pUrva baMgAla tathA AsAma ko chor3akara dhava kA vRkSa prAya: bhArata ke sabhI prAMtoM meM pAyA jAtA hai| vRkSa bar3A yA madhyama U~cAI kA hotA hai| dhava madhura tathA kaSAya rasayukta, zItala evaM prameha, arza, pANDu, pitta tathA kapha kA nAzaka hai| 30 24. devadAru- ( dhava)- zve. paraMparA meM devadAru- bha. pArzvanAtha kA kaivalya vRkSa saMskRta - devadAru, dAru, dArubhaDa, indradAru, mastadAru, kilima, drukilima, surabhUruha hindI - devadAra laiTina - Cedrus deodaru (Roxl) Loud pazcimottara himAlaya meM kumAyU~ se pUrva kI ora yaha pAyA jAtA hai| jaunasAra ora gar3havAla meM bhI bIca kA bhAga devadAru vRkSa mAlA kA pradhAna utpatti sthAna hai| isakA vRkSa bahuta vizAla, cirAyu aura sundara hotA hai / devadAra kI sugandha yukta lakar3I tela se bharI hotI hai jise ke lona kA tela kahate haiN| 30 vAlA hai| devadArakhAMsI, kaNDU aura devadAru kA tela kRmi, kuSTha aura vAta ko miTAne Ama, tandrA, hikkA, jvara, raktavikAra, prameha, kapha, vAyu kA nAza karane vAlA hai| 1 devadAra mAnavoM ke sAtha hI pazuoM ke aneka rogoM ko hotA hai| 2 dUra karane meM prayukta saMpAdakIya noTa : lekhaka kI prakAzita kRti - 'jaina AgamoM meM varNita vRkSa evaM paryAvaraNIya anuciMtana ' paThanIya evaM saMdarbhita hai| ise 09425005624 para saMparka kara prApta kara sakate haiN| saMdarbha : 1. mahAkavi AcArya jinasena kRta Adi purANa parizIlana / Alekha- DaoN. suSamA / pRSTha 251
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________________ anekAnta 68/4, akTU-disambara, 2015 2. zruta skaMdha vidhAna/gaNinI pramukha AryikA jJAnamatI/ pR. 10 3. kalyANakArakam/ AcArya ugrAditya/ pR. 2 4. vahI, pR. 2 5 . AdipurANa, pR... 6. dravya guNa vijJAnam (dvitIya khaMDa)vaidya yAdava jI trivikrama jI AcArya, pR. 336 7. jaMgala ke upayogI vRkSa/ rAmeza vedI/ pRSTha 176-180 8. dravyaguNa vijJAnam/ pR. 261-262 9. bhArata kA rASTrIya vRkha aura rAjyoM ke rAjya vRkSa/parazurAma zukla, pR. 224 10. dravya guNa vijJAnam, pR. 104-105 11. dravya guNa vijJAnam, pR. 347 12. vahI, pR. 228-250 13. dravya guNa vijJAnam, pR. 189 14. bhArata kA rASTrIya vRkSa aura rAjyoM ke rAjya vRkSa, pR. 285 15. jaMgala ke upayogI vRkha, pR. 188-189 16. dravya guNa vijJAnam, pR. 161 17. bhAva prakAza nipanTu, pR. 567-568 18. vahI, pR. 291-292 19. dravya guNa vijJAnam, pR. 206 20. jaMgala ke upayogI vRkha, pR. 116-119 21. bhArata kA rASTrIya vRkSa aura rAjyoM ke rAjyavRkSa, pR. 253 22. dravya guNa vijJAnam, pR. 132 23. bhAva prakAza nighanTu, pR. 532 24. vahI, pR. 505 25. bhArata kA rASTrIya vRkSa aura rAjyoM ke rAjyavRkSa, pR. 277-278 26. dravya guNa vijJAnam, pR. 180-181 27. vahI, pR. 71 28. vahI, pR. 252 29. bhAva prakAza nighanTu, pR. 222 30. vahI, pR. 539-540 31. vahI, pR. 196-197 32. dravya guNa vijJAnam, pR. 346 33. bhArata kA rASTrIya vRkSa aura rAjyoM ke rAjya vRkSa, pR. 335 noTa :- tIrthaMkaroM ke kaivalya-vRkSa ke citra kavara pRSTha 2 evaM 3 para dekheN| - anurAga TraiDarsa, satanA-485001 (ma. pra.)
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________________ 40 anekAnta 68/4, akTU- disambara, 2015 joNipAhuDa : eka anuzIlana -DaoN. udayacandra jaina hidAhidaM ca Ausse, viNNANe vAhi-saMtaNaM / vijjade jattha jIvANaM, jIvaNaM deha - rakkhaNaM // jisa vijJAna meM vyAdhiyoM ke hita-ahita ke upAya ho tathA jIvoM ke lie jIvana aura zarIra rakSaNa ke bhAva ho vaha AyurvijJAna hai / jIva aura deha ke saMyoga kA nAma jIvana hai| jitane samaya taka yaha saMyoga banA rahatA hai, usI kA nAma Ayu hai| AyurvijJAna meM hitakArI yA ahitakArI jitane bhI dravya, guNa aura karma haiM, unake Arogya kA lAbha manuSya ke lie lAbhadAyI hotA hai| deha-iMdiya-sattANaM, hidAhida- nniraamyo| vAhi-vihida- logANaM, AyuviNNANa saMbhavo // zarIra-indriyoM vAle sattvoM ke hita-ahita evaM nirAmaya banAne vAlA AyurvijJAna hai| yaha vyAdhi vyathita logoM ke lie Ayu (jIvana jIne) kI kalA sikhalAtA hai| ArogyaM digdha - AussaM, suha - saMsAhaNaM jaNA / labhaMte Au-saMNNANaM, joga - muddaga - bhAvae // vAstava meM dIrgha Ayu, Arogya, sukha-saMsAdhana Adi ke kAraNoM ko loga yoga mudrA (mana, vacana aura kAya ) kI bodhatA se prApta karate haiN| joNi-zabda- 'joNi' kA artha yoni hai, utpatti, upAya, kAraNa hetu Adi kA nAma bhI yoni haiM) 'joNipAhuDa' meM yoni ko utpatti sthAna kahA hai| surayala-laddha - pasaMsaM, suvaNNa-sahiyaM ca rogaharaNaM / bhavya-uvayAraddha kAyA cakkI - kosaM pAhuDayaM // jisa grantha meM pUrNa prazaMsA ho, uttama varNoM sahita rogoM kA upacAra ho tathA jo bhavya janoM ke upakArArtha evaM deha kI kAnti ke lie cAroM ora
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________________ anekAnta 68/4, akTU-disambara, 2015 se banAe rakhatA hai aisA 'joNipAhuDa' grantha hai| isa prAraMbhika prazaMsA ke pazcAt daza gAthAoM meM 'yoniprAbhRta' (joNipAhuDa) ko sarva roga hitakArI bhI kahA hai| joNipAhuDa aura usake racanAkAra- pANDulipi kI prAraMbhika saMstuti meM prazvazravaNa mahAmuni AcArya puSpadaMta evaM bhUtabali ke pazcAt jo jJAna prApta huA, usI ke AdhAra para 'joNipAhuDa' grantha ko mahAvidyA vAlA grantha kahA kalikAla-savvaNhU, je joNAiM joNipAhuDaM gNthN| jattha rao tattha kao ya dehaggamaha vijjaai|| jo kalikAla sarvajJa hai, unhoMne jo 'joNa' (jIvana jIne kI kalA) hai vahI 'joNipAhuDa' grantha jaisA racA gayA, vaisA hI deha rUpa mahAvidyAoM ko maiMne samajhA, vaisA hI khaa| yoniyoM (jIva rAziyA~) jIva utpatti kI yoniyA~ caurAsI lAkha kahI gaI hai| ve trasa-sthAvara Adi deha aura caitanya yukta haiM, unakI Ayu hai, isalie Ayu kA vijJAna bhI hai| usa Ayu ke madhya roga-zokAdi, Adhi-byAdhi Adi bhI saMbhava hai| unake upacAra ke lie vividha adhikAroM kA 'joNipAhuDa' grantha hai| isa grantha ke prAraMbha meM saMvat 1582 zAke 1449 spaSTa likhA hai| yaha paMDita harizrAvaka viracita hai| jise hariSeNa viracita bhI likhA hai| isa 'joNipAhaDa' kI do pratiyAM haiN| prathama prati meM 333 gAthAeM haiM aura isI ke aMta meM paM. hariSeNa nAma likhA hai| iti paMDita zrI hariSeNa namayA yoniprAbhRta - isameM li. drAkSA, piMDIli, sidhAlaka, kAsaluka, kapittha, kuSmANDi, Dhisa, trikaTuka, sidI, catujjAtaka, dhAnyaka Adi vanaspatiyoM ke sevana ko nirogI banAne vAlA kahA gayA hai| mUlataH yaha kaumAbhRtya, zAlAkya, zAlyahattha, kAyacikitsA, jAMgula, bhUtavidyA, rasAyana evaM bAjIkaraNa ina aSTAMga AyurvijJAna se saMbandhita 'joNipAhuDa' hai| ___ isameM aMzughAtaroga, vAtaroga, atisAra, apasmAra, udararoga, karNaroga, kAsaroga, kuSTharoga, krimiroga, jvara, netraroga, pANDuroga, cittaroga, mUtracikitsA, bAlaroga, mUrchA, mastiSka, hRdayaroga Adi kA vivecana aura usake upacAra Adi para prakAza DAlA gayA hai| jinheM adhikAra rUpa meM pratipAdita kiyA gayA hai| atisArAhiyAra, zvAsAhikAra, pittAdhikAra, jvarAdhikAra, pramehAdhikAra
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________________ anekAnta 68/4 akTU-disambara, 2015 mUttacikitsA, atisAra vicAra, gahaNIseyAhiyAra (114), pANDurogAdhikAra (117) AmarogAdhikAra (121), zUlAdhikAra ( 125 ), visUcikAdhikAra, gummAdhikAra, pavaNAsAdhikAra ( 137 ), tRSNAdhikAra, dharodhAdhikAra, harissAdhikAra, hikkAdhikAra (161) kAsAdhikAra (167), kuSThAdhikAra (176-199) zirarogAdhikAra, savaNahiyAra (106-214), zvAsarogAdhikAra (2315-224) bhagaMdarAdhikAra (23-229), nayanasegAdhikAra (230-236), ghANarogAdhikAra (237-240), mukharogAdhikAra (241-243) daMtarogAdhikAra (244-249) galarogAdhikAra ( 250-253), bhUtAdhikAra (254-242), bAlarogAdhikAra (273-283), gakhAdhikAra (284-325) evaM rasAdhikAra (326-333) jaise adhikAroM meM roga, rogakAraNa, upacAra Adi ko mahatva diyA gayA hai| 42 prathama gAthA meM unmAda, maNivAta, mUrcchAvAta evaM zIrSa vedanA baharepana meM 'kAyaphala' se zAnti milatI hai| joNipAhuDa meM pratipAdita rogopacAra vAtaroga - yaha roga kaI sthAnoM meM hotA hai- jaise koSThagata, AmAzayagata, pakvAzayagata, snAyu, saMdhigata, asthigata, raktagata, zukragana, garbhAgata, zirogata Adi vAta (vAyu) roga hai| isake nAza hetu kahA caujAyaM caucaMdaNamurumaM sIThaMTThi-guhumakA sarIraM / - tayaM te jarijaDa-guDaM, savvaM coccaM kimiDajAiphalaM // 8 // cAroM jAta, cAro caMdana, ur3ada, soMTha, guhumaka asatI (alasI) evaM jAyaphala ko samabhAga meM purAne gur3a ke sAtha lene se vAtaroga (vAyuvikAra) zAMta hotA hai| yahA~ yaha bhI kathana kiyA hai ki inheM samabhAga dravya se dugune tela ke sAtha paripAlakara use lagAne se sabhI vAtaroga naSTa ho jAtA hai| iya samabhAe davve, gururaNhANa khiveha kacchammi / kacchasama ekkatillaM, vAyAi - savva - dosaharaM // 9 // jvararogopacAra- jvara (bukhAra) vAtika, paittika, kaphaja, sanniSAtaja Adi kaI prakAra kA hotA hai| jvara kI pUrva avasthA meM mUMga kI dAla kA pAnI, purAne zAli (samA) ke cAvala, SaSTika cAvala (SAThI cAvala ) yA dalie kI khicar3I dene se jvara lAbha hotA hai|
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________________ anekAnta 68/4, akTU-disambara, 2015 _ 'hoi jaro maMda-tivvo y| (14) yadi jvara maMda yA tIvra ho, AhAra meM aruci, AhAra lete hue vamana, AMkha bhI na khule aise samaya meM kulamAsa kA pAnI denA lAbhadAyaka hotA hai| kulamAsA addhamaM caM taha saayN| (15) zizu aura usake prati sAvadhAnI- janmajAta bAlaka se lekara dugdhapAna kI avasthA taka zizu rahatA hai| usa avasthA para 'kAyaphala yA pippalI ko mA~ ke dUdha meM ghisakara denA ucita hotA hai| use stanapAna denA hI ucita rahatA hai, dhAI Adi kA dugdha ThIka nahIM hotA hai| mA~ kA dUdha auSadha hI hai| dhaNaM bAlANa dijjai, taM Na dhAieisu tssev| bhesaha guNaM ca jAyai, iyare kubvaMtu symev|| (29) joNipAhuDa meM aneka auSadhiyoM ke kAraNopacAra pUrvaka Arogya lAbha kI kAmanA kI hai| dhammattha-kAma-mokkhaM, jamhA maNuyANa hoi aarogy| tamhA tassa uvAyaM, sAhijjataM NisAmehi // 43 // dharma, artha, kAma aura mokSa jahAM manuSyoM ke lie kahe gae vahA~ usake Arogya ke upAya bhI darzAe jAte haiN| yaha deha jayasundarI mAlA rogopacAra ke lie likhI jA rahI hai| aTThasayaM vAhINaM, avavAyANaM ca pNcy-syaanni| aNudiyaha maNuyANaM, vasaMti AsaNNa-maccU // 45 // ___ isa loka meM manuSyoM ke lie ATha sau vyAdhiyA~ sadaiva rahatI haiM aura isalie ve mRtyu ke nikaTa rahate haiN| phira bhI 'jIvaMti kIsa maNuA' (46) manuSya kaise jIvita rahate haiM yA unakA jIvana kaise banA rahatA yA banA rhegaa| eka-eka roga kI utpatti ke aneka kAraNa haiM usameM vAta, pitta aura kapha hai| sirahaMga-piTThibhaMgaM, phuDaNaM kddi-jaannu-jNdh-sNdhiisu| kharaphAsaM ca sarIraM, sUlaM knnnncchi-vcchesu||53|| prAyaH zarIra meM utpanna hAne vAle rogoM ke vividha prakAra haiM una rogoM ke viSaya meM 53 se 60 kula 7 gAthAeM dI haiN| jinameM zirovedanA, pRSTi-bhaMga, kaTi, jAnu (ghuTane) jaMghA Adi kI saMdhiyoM meM utpanna pIr3A, karNa, akSi evaM vaccha (hRdaya) roga Adi bhI haiN| kaMDu, kuSTa roga ke lie
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________________ anekAnta 68/4, akTU-disambara, 2015 triphalA-dArU-haldI (94) kuSThAdhikAra se saMbandhita 176-199 kula 23 gAthAeM haiN| joNipAhuDa aura usakA vaiziSThaya1. prAkRta bhASA kA yaha grantha hai| isameM mahArASTrI prAkRta hai, kahIM kahIM para saMskRta zloka die gae haiN| 2. isa joNipAhuDa meM roga aura rogoM ke upacAra prAyaH vanaspatiyoM se prApta phala-puSpa, chAla Adi taka die ge| 3. jar3a-mUla, gulma, tA, bela, patra Adi ke bhI upacAra die ge| 4. tila ke tela, dhRta, lavaNa, caMdanarasa Adi se rogopacAra kA ullekha hai| 5. virecana, vamana,upavAsa Adi ko bhI mahatva diyA gyaa| 6. deha kI kAnti banAeM rakhane ke lie upaTana, lepa evaM vizeSa khAdya padArthoM ko mahatva diyA gyaa| 7. bhojana meM AhArazuddhi, jalazuddhi, sthAnazuddhi Adi ko bhI mahatva diyaa| 8. rogopacAra ke sAtha yogika kriyAoM para bhI bala diyA gyaa| prathama prati meM 333 gAthAeM haiM aura dvitIya prati isase bhinna nahIM, parantu isameM 617 gAthAeM dI gaI haiM jo apUrNa haiN| isameM prAkRta gAthAoM ke sAtha saMskRta zloka bhI haiN| kahIM kahIM para maMtra, taMtra Adi bhI die gae haiN| ise paDhA bhI nahIM. isake lipikAra kA nAma bhI nhiiN| ___ - 29, pArzvanAtha kAlonI savInA, udayapura (rAja.) 313002
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________________ anekAnta 68/4, akTU-disambara, 2015 Ayurveda aura jainAcAra vaidyarAja paM. dharmacandra jaina (jainadarzanazAstrI,AyurvedAcArya) Ayurveda bhAratIya Agama kA eka mukhya aMga hai| jisakA mUla srota jainAgama ke anusAra caudaha pUrvo meM se 'prANivAda' nAmaka pUrva hai| jo trikAladarzI sarvajJa kI vANI hai| isI pakSa ko anya bhAratIya AgamoM meM Ayurveda ko atharvaveda ke upAgarUpa meM svIkAra kiyA hai| vahA~ para vedoM ko apauruSeya mAnA gayA hai| ina donoM mAnyatAoM kA uddezya samAna hai| vaha hai isakI praamaanniktaa| Apta vAkyoM ko sabhI jagaha saMdehAtIta mAnA hai| Aptopadeza kA aMza hI Ayurveda hai| Ayurveda eka zAzvata jIvana zAstra hai| bhale hI isake udgama kA itihAsa 4-5 hajAra varSa se adhika purAne upalabdha sAhitya ke AdhAra para na milatA ho, kintu isa aitihAsika dhAraNA kA khaNDana Ayurveda zabda kI nirUkti evaM artha se hI ho jAtA hai| tathAhi AyuSI vedaH Ayurveda :- arthAt Ayu-jIvana yA jindagI kA jo veda yA zAstra hai use Ayurveda kahate haiN| bhAratIya zabda zAstrajJoM ne aneka nirUktyarthoM dvArA isI tathya ko pramANita kiyA hai| Ayu aura anekArthaka vidlu dhAtu se Ayurveda zabda banA hai| Ayurveda zAstra kI prAcInatama Arya saMhitA suzruta meM Ayurveda zabda kI kitanI vyApaka vizada nirUkti kI hai so mananIya hai| tathAhi(1) Ayurasmin vidyate, anenavA aayurvindtiityaayurvedH| (2) AyuH zarIrendriya sattvAtmasaMyogaH, tadasminnAyurveda vidyate astiityaayurvedH| athavA (3) Ayurvidyate jJAyate anenetyaayurvedH| (4) Ayurvidyate, vicAryate anena vetyAyurvedaH (5) Ayuranena vindati praaptotiityaayurvedH| arthAt isameM Ayu rahatI hai athavA isake dvArA Ayu jAnI jAtI hai athavA isake dvArA Ayu ke viSaya meM vicAra UhApoha kiyA jAtA hai athavA isake dvArA AyuSa ko prApta kiyA jAtA hai| isaliye ise Ayurveda kahate haiN| Ayu kA artha hotA hai zarIra, indriyA~, mana aura AtmA inakA
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________________ anekAnta 68/4, akTU-disambara, 2015 sNyog| arthAt zarIra, indriya, AtmA aura mana kA jaba taka sambandha rahatA hai use Ayu kahate haiN| isa Ayu kA sarvatonmukhI vivecana jisa zAstra meM hai vaha Ayurveda hai| Ayurveda kI dUsarI aura prAcInatama saMhitA caraka meM bhI Ayu zabda kA aura bhI vyApaka vivecana kiyA hai| tathAhi hitAhitaM sukhaM duHkhamAyustasya hitaahitm| mAnaM ca tacca yatroktamAyurvedaH sa ucyte|| ca.sU. a. 1 jIva kA hita, ahita, sukha aura dukha isakA nAma Ayu hai| isa Ayu ke liye pathya (hitakara) apathya (ahitakara) aura Ayu ke parimANa (sthiti kAla) kA vivecana jisa zAstra meM hai use Ayurveda kahate haiN| anyacca zarIrendriya sattvAtma saMyogo dhaarijiivitm| nityagazcAna bandhazca pryaayairaayurucyte|| ca.sU.a. 1 zarIra indriyA~ mana aura AtmA inake saMyoga kA nAma Ayu hai| nityaga, anubaMdha, ye Ayu ke paryAyavAcI zabda haiN| isakA sIdhA artha huA ki jaba se zarIrAdi kA sambandha hai aura jaba taka rahegA taba taka ke aparimeya kAla kA nAma Ayu hai| isa asIma Ayu ke hitAhita kA vizada vizleSaNa karane vAlA zAstra hI Ayurveda hai| vartamAna Ayurveda kA AdhAra caraka saMhitA ke tAttvika vizleSaNa se vaizeSika darzana, aura suzruta saMhitA kI vivecana zailI va dArzanika siddhAMtoM ke anurUpa sAMkhya darzana hai| ye donoM darzana, AtmA yA jIva kI anAditA va nityatva ko svIkAra karate haiN| jainadarzana ne jIva kA yaha svarUpa sApekSa dRSTikoNa se mAnya kiyA hai| isa prakAra dArzanika dRSTikoNa se jIva anAdi va ananta hai| isaliye usakA pratipAdaka sAhitya va usakA maulika astitva bhI anAdi hai| isake samartha pramANoM, uddharaNoM se AyurvedAgama bharA par3A hai| Ayurveda kI ukta paribhASA ke aMtargata anAdi-anidhana jIva ke janma se lekara tadbhava maraNa paryanta hI nahIM, apitu asaMkhya bhava bhavAntaroM taka usake hitAhita ke vivecana ke uttaradAyitva kA bhAra aura aMtatogatvA mukti taka pahu~cA dene kA uttaradAyitva bhI Ayurveda kA hai| isaliye anya zAstroM kI tulanA meM isakA mahattva kama nahIM hai|
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________________ anekAnta 68/4, akTU-disambara, 2015 jainAgama meM Ayarvedika sAhitya isa samaya yadyapi pracara rUpa meM upalabdha nahIM hotA hai, kintu prAcIna kAla meM anya sAhitya kI bhAMti isa viSaya para bhI jainAcAryoM ne paryApta likhA hai| zrI ugrAdityAcArya (lagabhaga 11vIM zatAbdI) kRta aura zrImAn paM. varddhamAna pArzvanAthajI zAstrI dvArA saMpAdita 'kalyANakAraka' nAmaka graMtha hI eka mAtra jainAyurveda kA pratIka hai, kintu isake alAvA bhI vizAla sAhitya jainAyurveda kA rahA hai yaha nirvivAda hai| pUjyapAda AcArya ke aneka yoga to apane mUla rUpa meM ajainAcAryoM dvArA nirmita Ayurvedika graMthoM meM milate haiN| aise yogoM ke anta meM pUjyapAda svAmI kA nAma aMkita rahatA hai| zvetAmbara jainAcAryoM dvArA nirmita Ayurvedika sAhitya kA paryApta ullekha bhI milatA hai| jainAcAra kA prANa ahiMsA siddhAnta kA isameM pUrNatayA saMrakSaNa kiyA hai| Ayurveda kA uddezya vyAdhigrasta logoM kI vyAdhi dUra karanA aura svastha puruSa ke svAsthya kI rakSA karanA hai tathAhi- "iha khalvAyurveda prayojanam vyAdhyupasTaSTAnA vyAdhi parimokSaH, svasthasya rakSaNaM caM (suzruta)" arthAt rogagrasta ko roga se mukta karanA aura svastha jIva kI rakSA karanA Ayurveda kA uddezya hai| yahA~ para vyAdhi zabda dUSita hue vAtAdi doSa janya jvarAdi zArIrika rogoM, aura saMsAra paramparA ke janaka rAgadveSa krodhAdi mAnasika vikAroM kA bodhaka hai| ina donoM prakAra ke rogoM ko dUra karanA na kevala bhautika khAna-pAna aura pravRtti nivRtti para nirbhara hai, apitu vaicArika zubha zuddha samIcIna pravRtti kI bhI apekSA rakhatA hai| isa dizA meM jainAcAra kA mahatva anivArya hai| AcAra zabda kA vyApaka artha isa kSetra meM AcAryoM ne svIkAra kiyA hai| "A samantAt caraNamAcAraH" arthAt vyakti kA jo antaraMga aura bahiraMga samIcIna kriyA kalApa hotA hai use AcAra kahA hai| vrata, niyama, upavAsa sAmAyika, saMdhyAvaMdana Adi sabhI dhArmika niyamoM va kriyAoM kA samAveza isameM ho jAtA hai| yaha sabakA saba AcAra-vicAra Ayurveda ke sadavRtta (sadAcAra) meM bhI hai| yahI zubha pravRtti utkarSa karatI huI jaba abhyAsavaza nivRtti kA rUpa dhAraNa kara letI hai aura isake mUla nAyaka jIva kI apane gantavya carama lakSya (mokSa) ko prApta karA detI hai tabhI yaha AcAra apane sahI rUpa meM caritArtha hotA hai| Ayurveda bhI isI lakSya (laukika evaM pAralaukika
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________________ anekAnta 68/4, akTU-disambara, 2015 abhyudaya) kI prApti meM phalitArtha hotA hai| apane kathana ke pramANa meM Ayurveda ke saprasiddha anyatama AcArya, vAgbhaTa saMhitA ke lekhaka vAgbhaTa kA nimna zloka hI paryApta hogaa| samadoSaH samAgnizca smdhaatumlkriyaaH| prasannAtmendriya manaH svastha itybhidhiiyte|| (vAgbhaTa sU.) jisa vyakti ke vAta-pitta-kapha doSa samAna hai, rasa raktAdi dhAtuoM kA nirmANa va mala mUtra kA visarjana svAbhAvika rUpa meM hotA hai, tathA mana indriyA~ aura AtmA prasanna hai vaha svastha hai| yahA~ saMsArAvasthA meM mana aura AtmA kI prasannatA na kevala icchAnapa AhAra para nirbhara hai, apitu AkulatA ke utpAdaka rAgadveSAdi doSoM kI kamI va abhAva kI apekSA rakhatI hai| phira AtmA kI Atyantika prasannatA to rAgadveSAdi doSoM se nitAnta chuTakArA milane para hI hotI hai| isI parama zuddha avasthA kA nAma pUrNa svAsthya aura usake nAyaka jIva kA nAma svastha hai| "sve AtmAni tiSThatIti svsthH|" spaSTa hai ki jainAcArya kA aMgAMgibhAva sambandha hai| apane mantavya ke samarthana meM jainettara Ayurveda ke kucha uddharaNoM kA ullekha jo upayogI haiM, diye jA rahe haiN| tadu:kha saMyogo vyAdhaya ucynte| te caturvidhA-AgantavaH, zarIrAH mAnasAH, svaabhaavikaashceti| tessaamaagntvo'bhighaatnimittaa| zArIrA stvantapAna mUlA vAtapittakaphazoNitasannipAta vaissmynimittaa| mAnasAstu krodhazokabhayaharSaviSAdeAbhyasUyAdainyamAtsaryakAmalobhaprabhRtayaH icchAdveSa bhedairbhvnti| svAbhAvikAstu kSutpipAsAjarAmRtyunidrA prbhRtyH|| / dukhoM ke saMyoga kA nAma vyAdhi hai ve cAra prakAra kI hotI haiM(1) AgaMtuka (abhighAta coTa, abhiSaMga abhicAra se paidA hone vAlI) (2) zArIrika-jvara raktapitta Adi (3) mAnasika krodha, lobha, harSa IrSyA aadi| (4) svAbhAvika-bhUkha, pyAsa, bur3hApA, nIMda, mRtyu Adi inheM dUra karanA Ayurveda kA lakSya hai| yahI uddezya jainAcArya kA bhI hai| ata: yaha spaSTa hai ki jainAcAra binA Ayurveda adhUrA hai| jahA~ taka AhAra va auSadha ke rUpa meM madya, aura madhu, ke sevana kA pratipAdana aura tannimitta mAtra hiMsA ke samarthana kA prazna hai, vaha Ayurveda ke praNetA AcAryoM ke nijI
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________________ anekAnta 68/4 akTU-disambara, 2015 darzana va saMpradAya kA hai / dArzanika kSetra ke vivAda kI taraha Ayurvedika kSetra meM itanA matavaiSamya Azcaryajanaka aura asvAbhAvika nhiiN| Ayurveda aura jainAcAra kI pravRtti va uddezya samAna hai| isameM do mata nahIM ho skte| jainAyurvedika grantha 'kalyANakAraka' meM bhI svAsthya kA vizleSaNa isI prakAra kiyA hai| tathAhi 49 atheha bhavyasya narasya sAmprataM, dvidhaiva tatsvAsthya mudAhRta jinaiH / pradhAnamAdyaM paramArthamityato, dvitIya manyad vyavahAra sambhavam // arthAt paramArtha svAsthya ( AdhyAtmika svAsthya ) aura vyavahAra svAsthya (zArIrika svAsthya) ke bheda se svAsthya ke do prakAra kA jinendra bhagavAna ne kahA hai| ina donoM prakAra ke svAsthyoM kI siddhi samyagAcAra vicAra va vyavahAra se hI ho sakatI hai| upalabdha Ayurveda saMhitAoM ke svastha vRtta yA svAsthya ke niyamoM kA parizIlana yA paThana karate samaya isameM va dharma ke aMgabhUta AcArazAstra ke niyamopaniyamoM meM bheda kara sakanA muzkila hai| jaina gRhasthAcAra, jisakA mUla saptavyasana kA tyAga aura zrAvaka ke 12 vrata (paMcANuvrata, cAra zikSAvrata aura 3 guNavrata) haiM, inakA isI nAma se ullekha yadyapi svAsthya saMrakSaraka yA svAsthyaprada Ayurvedika AcAra meM nahIM hai, kintu ve vahI hai, kevala nAma mAtra kA antara hai, isa tathya se iMkAra nahIM kiyA jA sktaa| jainAcAra meM jisa prakAra aihilaukika sukha sAmagrI va abhyudaya prApta karane kA, unake bhoga karane kA sImita vidhAna hai aura AdhyAtmika Atyantika sukha (mokSa) ko munaSya jIvana kA carama lakSya mAnA hai bilkula yahI sthiti AyurvedAcAra meM bhI hai| udAharaNa ke taura para suprasiddha graMtha 'vAgbhaTa' kA eka uddharaNa prastuta hai / sukhArthAH sarvabhUtAnAM matAH sarvA pravRttayaH / sukhaM ca na binA dharmAttasmAddharma vriibhvet|| hiMsAsteyAnyathA kAma maithunya parUSAnRte / saMbhinnAlApa vyaapaadmbhidhyaadRgvipryym|| pApaM karmetidazadhA kAyavAD. maansaistyjet| avRtti vyAdhizokArtamanuvarteta zaktitaH // Atmavatsatata pazyedapi kITapipIlikAm /
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________________ anekAnta 68/4, akTU-disambara, 2015 saMpraddhipatsvekamanA hetAvoghaitphalena tu|| kAlehitaM mitaM bruuyaadvismvaadimpeshlm| anuyAyAtpratipadaM sarvadharmeSu mdhymaam|| ArdrasaMtAnatA tyAgaH kAyavAkcetasA dmH| svArthabuddhi parArtheSu paryAptamiti sdvRtm|| nakta dinAni me yAnti kathaM bhUtasya smprti| duHkhabhAg na bhavatyeva nityaM sannihita smRtiH|| ityAcAraH samAsena yaM prAptoti smaacrn| AyurArogyamaizvarya yazolokAzca shaashvtaan|| (vAgbhaTa sUtrasthAna) prAcInatama caraka saMhitA kA yahI prakaraNa par3hate samaya yahI kalpanA hotI hai ki yaha sadvRtta kisI jainAcAra graMtha kA hai| gRhastha ke 12 vratoM kA mUlarUpa evaM unake aticAra kA prAyaH samasta varNana isameM haiN| isake alAvA aura jainAcAra kyA hai ? rahI mokSa kI bAta so Ayurveda zAstra meM bhI antatogatvA lakSya yahI rakhA gayA hai, kyoMki isakI nIMva vaizeSika va sAMkhya darzana para hai jo parama Astika va AtmA kI nityatA ke poSaka hai| AtmA kI carama zuddha avasthA bhI ve svIkAra karate haiN| dekhiye caraka ke savRtta kA kucha aMza jo mUlataH jainAcAra se mela khAtA nAnRtaM bruuyaat| naanysvmaaddiit| naanystriymbhilsset| naanyshriym| na kuryaatpaapm| nAnyaradoSAnbrU yaad| naanyrhsyaagmyet| na bhUmiM tvilikhet| na chindyaattRnnm| na loSTaM mRndiiyaat| na niyamaM bhindyaat| na madyadhUtavezyAprasaMgarUcIH syaat| naikaH sukhii| nendriya vazagaH syaat| brahmacaryajJAnadAnamaitrI kAruNyaharSopekSA prazamaparazca syaat|(crksuutr a.-8) Upara ke uddharaNa se itanA kahanA paryApta hogA ki yaha sArA varNana jainAcAra kA hI aMga hai| ahiMsAdika pAMca aNuvratoM kA saiddhAMtika vizleSaNa, anarthadaNDavrata va usake bhedoM kA avikala svarUpa, aura auSadhAdika cAroM dAnoM kI upayogitA Adi jainAcAra ke hI abhinna aMga haiN| upAdeyatA, naikaH sukhI syAt ke rUpa meM jainadarzana ke anyatama staMbha 'aparigrahavAda' ko gAgara meM sAgara ke rUpa meM bhara diyA hai| nendriya vazagaH
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________________ anekAnta 68/4, akTU-disambara, 2015 51 syAt kahakara samagra indriya saMyama, 'AtmavatmasatataM pazyedapi kITa pipIlikAm' kA nirdezakara samUcA prANi saMyama batA diyA hai| 'hiMsAste yAnyathAkAma mai zunye paruSAnRte , sambhinnAlApa vyaapaadmbhidhyddgvipryym|' 'pApaM karmeti dazadhA kaayvaadd.maansaityejet'| inameM jainAcAra ke sabhI pApa karmoM kA tyAga aura inake viparIta uttama kSamAdika daza dharmoM ke mana, vacana, kAya se pAlana karane kA spaSTa nirdeza hai| 'sarvadharmeSu, madhyamAMgatiM anuyAyAt,' yaha saMketa jainadarzana kI rIDha anekAMtavAda evaM syAdavAda ko svIkAra karane kA Adeza detA hai| sArAMza yaha hai Ayurveda na kevala cikitsA praNAlI yA paithI mAtra hai apitu jIvana vijJAna hai| jIva ke hitAvaha tathyoM ko svIkAra aura ahitakara duSkRtyoM kA tyAga kiye binA vaha Thahara nahIM sktaa| Ayurveda meM aisI bAtoM ko sadvRtta-svastha vRtta kahA hai jabaki kisI dhArmika kSetra meM ise AcAra saMjJA dI gaI hai| jainasiddhAnta kI bhAMti Ayurveda kA bhI aMtima lakSya mukti prApta karanA hai| yaha prAraMbha meM hI kahA jA cukA hai| isa tathya ke pramANa svarUpa carakasaMhitA kA nimna padya dekhiye aura usakI tulanA, jainAcAryavAdIbhasiMha kI Atma kalyANa kI bhAvanA se kriye| kitanA sAmya donoM meM hai| naktaM dinAni me yAti kathaM bhatasya smbhrti| duHkhabhAg na bhavatyevaM nityaM sannihita smRtiH|| ityAcAraH samAsena yaMprApnoti smaacrn| AyurArogyamaizvarya yazolAbhAzca shaashvtaan|| (caraka sUtra) ko haM kIdRgguNaH kvatyaH kiM prApyaH kiM nimittkH| ityUhaH pratyahaM no cedasthAnehi mtirbhvet|| (kSatracUr3AmaNi) Ayurveda kahatA hai ki pratyeka vyakti ko apane dina rAta ke karmoM kA lekhA pratidina karanA caahiye| aisA karane se vaha pApa karmoM se bacakara puNya karmoM evaM Atma kalyANa ke mArga kI ora pravRtta hotA hai| 'jainAcArya vAdIbhasiMha' bhI yahI kahate haiN| 'maiM kauna hU~, mere guNa kyA haiM? kahA~ rahA hU~? kyA merA lakSya hai? merI yaha avasthA aura lakSya kinimittaka hai? isa prakAra vicAra vimarza yadi jIva pratidina nahIM karatA hai to vaha apane lakSya se bhraSTa hokara durgati ko prApta hotA hai|" mahAnubhAva ! batAiye kyA antara
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________________ 52 anekAnta 68/4, akTU-disambara, 2015 hai donoM ke tattva vizleSaNa meM kucha nhiiN| jaina dharmAnuyAyI pratyeka vivekazIla puruSa pratidina bhagavAna se prArthanA karatA hai, kAmanA karatA hai ki bhagavAna merI pravRttiyA~ bhAvanA kaisI rhe| merI bhAvanA ke rUpa meM vistAra se aura nimnazloka ke rUpa meM ati saMkSepa meM hara eka jainI ise jAnatA hai| Ayurveda aura usake paMDita loga (vaidya) isI bhAvanA ke poSaka hote haiN| yaha kevala zabda bheda rakhane vAle donoM pakSoM, ke nIce likhe do padyoM se sampuSTa ho jAtA hai| eka aura udAharaNa se yaha bAta aura puSTa ho jAtI haisatveSu maitrI, guNiSu pramodaM kliSTeSujIveSu kRpaaprtvm| mAdhyasthabhAve viparIta vRttau sadA mamAtmA viddhaatudev|| maitrI kArUNyamArteSu zakye prtiruupekssnnm|| prakRtistheSu bhUteSu vaidybuddhishcshyurvidhaa|| (caraka) saba prANiyoM se maitrI bhAva, guNIjanoM meM AdarabhAva aura pramoda, duHkhIjanoM ke prati dayAbhAva aura apane virodhiyoM ke prati mAdhyastha bhAva rakhanA caahiye| Ayurveda bhI yahI kahatA hai| sarva puruSoM ke prati mitratA, roga grasta jIvoM ke prati karuNAbhAva (du:kha dUra karane kI bhAvanA) sAdhya roga yA rogI ke prati utsAha athavA ruci aura asAdhya rogiyoM ke prati upekSAbhAva vaidya ke honA caahiye| saMkSepa meM saMsAra ke samagra du:kha-sukha ke mUla kAraNa kI aura Ayurveda sambandhI maharSi caraka kI mAnyatA ke dyotaka tathA prasiddha AcArya vAgbhaTa ke sArvadezika svAsthya ke prarUpaka uddharaNoM ko likhakara maiM apanA abhiprAyaH samApta karatA huuN| samagraM daHkhamAyatamavijJAne dvyaatrym| sukhaM samagraM vijJAne vimale ca prtisstthitm||(crk) saMsAra ke sabhI prakAra ke mAnasika va zArIrika rogoM kA mUla srota ajJAna hai| jabaki sabhI prakAra ke sukhoM kA udgama manuSya kA nirmala jJAna yA viveka hai| ina duHkhoM ko dUra karane aura sukhoM ko prApta karane hetu vyakti ko vivekazIla hokara sadAcArI bananA anivArya hai| samUce jainAcAra kA upasaMhAra AcArya vAgbhaTa kitane sundara zabdoM meM karate haiN|
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________________ anekAnta 68/4, akTU-disambara, 2015 AI santAnatA (sarvasatveSukRpAlutvam ) tyAgaH kAyavAkcetasAM dmH| svArthabuddhi parartheSu paryAptamiti sdvRtm|| saMsAra ke samasta prANiyoM ke prati karUNA bhAva (anukampA) anAvazyaka parigraha kA tyAga, mana vacana kAya para sushaasn| dUsare ke prati AtmasadbhAvanA, itanA hI sadAcAra kA svarUpa hai| isa prakAra Ayurveda va jainAcAra meM dravya, kSetra, kAla, bhAva ke kAraNa AMzika mata vaicitrya hote hue bhI unake samoddezya va bhAvanA mUlaka pavitra sambandha se inkAra nahIM kiyA jA sakatA hai| ve paraspara eka dUsare ke pUraka haiN| ****** pA~ca prakAra kI vAyu hotI hai - 1. prANa vAyu- 'mukhe vasati yo'nilaH prathita nAmataH prANakaH' mukha meM jo vAyu vAsa karatA hai, use prANa vAyu kahate haiN| jo anna pAna Adi ko peTa meM pahu~cAtA hai| yadi yaha kupita ho jAye to damA khA~sI, hicakI ityAdi roga utpanna hote haiN| 2. udAna vAyu- 'zirogata ihApyudAna iti vizrutaH sarvadA' mastaka meM rahane vAlI vAyu udAna nAma se prasiddha hai| yadi yaha kupita ho jAye to kaMTha, mukha, karNa, mastaka Adi meM rogoM ko paidA karatA hai| 3. samAna vAyu- jo vAyu udara (amAzaya va pakvAzaya) meM rahatA hai yaha agni ke pradIpta hone meM sahAyaka hone se bhojana ko pacAtA hai| 4. apAna vAyu- "apAna iti yo'nilo vasati vastipakvAzaye" / apAna vAyu pakvAzaya meM rahatA hai| vaha yogya samaya meM mala-mUtra rajo-vIrya Adi ko bAhara nikAlatA hai| isake kupita hone para guda va mUtrAzayagata roga, malAvarodha,mUtrAvarodha,mUtrakRcchra Adi roga utpanna karatA hai| 5. vyAna vAyu- jo zarIra ke sampUrNa bhAga meM vyApta hokara rahatA hai use vyAna vAyu kahate haiN| rakta saMcAlana, pitta-kapha Adi ko yathAsthAna phuNcaanaa| kupita hone para hamezA sarvAMgavAta, sarvAMgakaMpa evaM vikRta vedanA yukta rogoM ko paidA karatA hai|
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________________ anekAnta 68/4, akTU-disambara, 2015 vanaspati vijJAna aura Ayurveda - vaidya phUlacanda zAstrI (AyurvedAcArya) jayapura jaba se saMsAra meM mAnava zarIra kI utpatti huI hai- taba se usake sAtha hI roga utpatti huii| ataeva rogI kI utpatti kA itihAsa bhI manuSya ke zarIra ke sAtha hI prAraMbha hotA hai, aura jaba se rogI kI utpatti huI tabhI se manuSya usako dara karane ke upAyoM kI khoja karane lagA aura tabhI se usake ye upAya cikitsA zAstra ke rUpa meM prakaTa hone lge| ataeva yaha kahA jAya to koI atizayokti nahIM ki cikitsA zAstra kA itihAsa utanA hI purAnA hai jitanA ki mAnava jAti kA itihaas| jyoM-jyoM auSadhi vijJAna kA vistAra hotA gayA tyoM-tyoM vanaspati vijJAna kI mahattA adhikAdhika logoM ke dhyAna meM Ane lagI aura kramazaH isa vijJAna ne eka svatantra zAstra kA rUpa dhAraNa kiyA jisakA nAma Ayurveda huaa| vanaspati vijJAna ke aMtargata suzrutasaMhitA meM 700 vanaspatiyoM kA ullekha milatA hai| jitanI bhI sRSTi Apa dekheMge sarvatra cara sRSTi meM sadaiva pratyeka prANI eka na eka ghAtaka ke bhaya se apanA rakSA vidhAna socA karatA hai, hamArI vanaspatiyA~ bhI usase baca na skiiN| jidhara dekheMge usakA sarvanAza ho rahA hai, pazuoM, manuSyoM tathA hara prakAra ke pakSiyoM kI ye khAdya vastuyeM ho rahIM haiN| pazu vanaspati para hI apanA nirvAha kara rahe haiM, mAMsAhArI pazu bhI zAkAhArI pazuoM ke hI mAMsa para jIvita haiM aura manuSya to hara prakAra se inakA upayoga karate haiN| ata: vanaspatiyoM ko isase bacane ke lie prakRti ne vizeSa prakAra kI zakti pradAna kI hai| jo bhinna 2 rUpa meM hotI hai jaise- kaI prakAra ke kaNTaka, viSAkta roga, kar3avApana, caraparApana vA anya prakAra ke gndhaadi| vRhatI Adi ke patroM meM kAMTe, varcAdi meM gandha, zAkhI vRkSoM meM valkala, vizeSa auSadhiyoM meM viSa, vRzcikAdi, roma va
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________________ anekAnta 68/4, akTU-disambara, 2015 kaMTakArI Adi isI bAta ke pradarzaka haiM ki inakI rakSA ho ske| vanaspatiyoM meM guNa nirmANa- pratyeka prANI jAnatA hai ki paudhe pRthvI se va sUrya se tathA vAyu se apanA jIva nirvAha karate haiN| pRthvI se ve jitanA padArtha grahaNa karate haiM usase kahIM adhika ve vAyu se poSaka padArtha grahaNa karate haiN| vAyu ke saMyojaka padArthoM meM se eka prakAra kA vAyavya (kArbana dvipoSita) adhika parimANa meM ina vanaspatiyoM dvArA saMgrahIta hai| ataH sarva pradhAna zakti vAyu janita hotI hai, sUrya se bhI bahuta kucha saMgraha karatI haivanaspatiyoM ke patra zvAsa-prazvAsa kA kArya karate haiM- jaise hama zarIra ke bhItara kI duSita vAyu ko prazvAsa dvArA tyAga karake zvAsa dvArA zuddha vAyu ko grahaNa karate haiM- vaise hI vanaspatiyoM meM yaha kArya sUrya kI razmiyoM dvArA unake patroM para svayameva sampAdita ho jAtA hai| isa prakAra sUrya razmiyoM ke grahaNa se unameM eka prakAra kI Agneya zakti (tApa) kA saMcaya hotA hai| pRthvI se ve jala tathA anya poSaka padArtha grahaNa karate haiN| sUrya kI taraha anya kaI graha-upagrahoM se unheM anya zaktiyA~ prApta hotI haiN| jaise candramA se soma yA zIta pradhAna aNshaadi| isa prakAra vanaspatiyoM meM kaI prakAra ke padArthoM va zakti kA saMcaya hotA hai| vanaspati va tridoSa- uparyukta kramoM se yaha vidita hotA hai ki vAyu-soma (dravya) dvArA vanaspatiyoM kA jIvana hai. jinapadArthoM se jisakA nirmANa hogA- usameM vahI padArtha adhika pAye jAyeMge, inako hI prAcIna cikitsakoM ne dhyAna meM rakhakara vAta-pitta-kapha kI upasthiti kA jJAna prApta kiyA thA aura zarIra meM vAta-pitta-kapha se utpanna vyAdhiyoM meM ina auSadhiyoM ke ina pradhAna guNoM ko lakSya karake upayoga kiyA hai| prANI varga ke cAhe choTe se choTA jIva ho yA bar3e se bar3A sabhI ko jIvana ke mukhya lakSaNoM meM gujarate rahane se jIvana kriyAoM meM bahuta kucha sAmya hai aura vizeSakara vanaspati va manuSyoM meM to hara prakAra se sAdRzya dekhA jAtA hai| ataH tridoSa kI sAmya prakRti kA 'soma' 'sUrya' ke dvArA pAlita-poSita hone para hara prakAra se hotA hai| Ayurveda meM vanaspatiyoM ko unake guNAvaguNa dyotanArtha pAMca vibhAgoM meM vibhakta kiyA gayA hai- rasa-guNa-vIrya-vipAka va zakti, jinake kaI
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________________ anekAnta 68/4, akTU-disambara, 2015 viSayoM ke anveSaNa mArga ko Aja kA vaijJAnika avahelanA kI dRSTi se dekhatA hai aura usake acintya mahatva meM saMdeha karatA hai jaise- zakti kA vIrya acintya kriyaa| isa acintya kriyA kA jJAna yAMtrika vijJAna batalAne meM asamartha hai| jaise gulavanapsA ke viSaya meM usakA pratizyAya haratva prApta nahIM hotA aisA leboreTriyA~ pratidhvanita karatI haiM, kintu pratidina 'gulavanapsA' pIkara hajAroM vyakti pratizyAya se mukta hote haiN| candrodaya ke Upara pAcaka rasoM kI pratyakSa kriyAyeM prasiddha haiM, kintu vaidya varga dina-rAta candrodaya dekara mRtaka meM bhI jAna DAlate haiN| bhAratavarSa kI bahuta sI auSadhiyAM jinako hama ghAsa-phUsa samajhakara vyartha hI pheMka dete haiM, vahI jaba videzoM meM jAkara Ticara-arka va eksaTreksa kA rUpa dhAraNa karake sundara levila se yukta hokara AtI haiM to hama unake liye vipula dhanarAzi kharca karake kharIdate haiM jaise- ajavAina, anantamUla, dhatUrA, mIThAteliA aadi| prAcya-pAzcAtya cikitsA vijJAna kA samanvaya- itanA hI nahIM hamAre deza meM kaI aisI auSadhiyAM haiM jo vilAyatI auSadhiyoM se guNoM meM acchA aura nirupadrava kAma karatI haiN| jaise hRdaya gati ThIka karane ke lie 'DijiTelisa' nAma kI davA kAma karatI hai to kuTakIkvAtha se vahI lAbha saphalatA pUrvaka prApta karate haiN| 'poTAzabromAiD' nAmaka auSadhi ke mukAbale hamAre deza kI 'haramala' nAmaka auSadhi acchA kArya karatI hai, 'kelambA' ke mukAbale giloya, govAkama, campA, kAlAdAnA, 'thAyamala' ke sthAna para ajavAina isa prakAra anekoM auSadhiyA~ haiN| kaI auSadhiyA~ aisI haiM jinakI barAbarI elopaithika auSadhiyAM nahIM kara sakatI haiN| jaise kAmalA roga para 'poDopholina' yA 'TereksI' kI mAtrAyeM pIne se nahIM hotA jabaki 'bandAla' ke kevala sUMghane mAtra se kAmalA-pANDu roga ThIka hotA hai| "jvaraM hanti zirovaddha sahadevI jaTA yathA' arthAt-zira para sahadevI kI jar3a bAMdhane mAtra se jvara ThIka hotA hai| 'esprIna' jisa zira darda ko ThIka nahIM kara sakatI use tAje 'apAmArga' ke patroM kA svarasa kAna meM DAlate hI zAMta karate haiN| 'jaMgalanI jar3I bUTI' meM kahA gayA hai ki zAnti niketana ke eka chAtra ko bar3e jora se nAka
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________________ anekAnta 68/4, akTU-disambara, 2015 se khUna bahanA cAlU huA anekoM DAkTaroM dvArA cikitsA kI gaI, kintu koI lAbha nahIM huaa| itane meM eka sethAla udhara se gujarA usane 'vaksI' kI jar3I lekara pAnI ke sAtha pIsakara pilA dI jisase rogI kA khUna bahanA tatkAla banda ho gyaa| isI prakAra mahilAoM ko raktapradara meM bhI isa auSadhi kA camatkArika prayoga saphalatA se hotA hai| ___narmadA ke kinAre para bar3audA kI sarahada para 'gaulA' nAmaka eka auSadhi hotI hai isa viSaya meM kahA jAtA hai ki pAnI meM DUbA huA manuSya mRtyu ke muMha meM ho to punarjIvana detI hai| DAkTaroM kA mata hai ki klorophArma ke samakakSa anya koI auSadhi bhAratavarSa meM paidA nahIM hotI hai para himAlaya parvata ke andara nepAla se bhUTAna ke bIca meM 'vikhamA' nAmaka eka vanaspati eka vanaspati ke paudhe pAye jAte haiM, jinakI U~cAI 4 se 5 phuTa hotI hai| isa auSadhi kI yaha pravRtti hai ki koI bhI vyakti isaka pAsa se nikala jAtA hai to vaha mUrchita ho jAtA hai (arthAt isa auSadhi ko sUMghane se mUrchita ho jAtA hai)| isa vanaspati kI taraha darpanAzaka eka vanaspati 'nirviSA' hai jo ki 'vikhamA' ke pAsa hI paidA hotI hai, isako sUMghane mAtra se behoza manuSya tatkAla hoza meM A jAtA hai| AcArya caraka ne kaI divya auSadhiyoM ke viSaya meM batAyA hai-jaise 'brahmasurvacalA' nAma kI auSadhi hotI hai jisako 'hiraNya kSIrA' bhI kahate haiM jisake patte kamala ke sadRza hote haiN| eka auSadhi 'sUryakAMtA' nAmaka hai jisakA dUdha suvarNa ke samAna pIlA hotA hai aura phUla sUrya maNDala ke AkAra ke hote haiN| eka auSadhi 'nArI' nAmaka hotI hai isake patte bakare ke sadRza hote haiN| eka 'sarpA' nAmaka auSadhi sarpa jaisI hotI hai| 'soma' nAmaka auSadhi jo saba auSadhiyoM kI rAnI hai, isake pandraha patte hote haiM aura candramA kI kalA ke anusAra kRSNa pakSa meM pratidina eka eka pattA ghaTatA jAtA hai aura zukla pakSa meM pratidina eka eka pattA ghaTatA jAtA hai aura zukla pakSa meM pratidina eka eka pattA navIna AtA jAtA hai| uparokta auSadhiyA~ mahAna divya auSadhiyAM haiM inake rasa kA tRpti paryanta pAna karane se aura Upara se bakarI kA dUdha pIra se tathA usake bAda palAza kI harI lakar3I ke banAye hue DhakkanadAra Taba meM nagna sthiti meM sone se navIna zarIra kI prApti hotI hai|
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________________ anekAnta 68/4, akTU-disambara, 2015 vaha manuSya Ayu-varNa-svara-AkRti-bala aura prabhA meM devatAoM ke sadRza ho jAtA hai| isI prakAra bhUkha aura pyAsa dara karane vAlI anekoM auSadhiyAM haiM tathA sonA banAne vAlI bhI anekoM camatkRta guNoM se yukta auSadhiyA~ hamAre yahAM ke parvatoM meM paidA hotI hai, kintu durbhAgyavaza unakI pUrI jAnakArI na hone se inake camatkRta prayogoM se vaMcita hai| ___Aja kI bar3hatI huI bImAriyoM ko dekhate hue vaidya samAja kA kartavya hai ki auSadhiyoM ke prati hamArI udAsInatA ko dUra kreN| hamArI udAsInatA-pramAda se aura sarakAra se vAMchita sahayoga prApta na hone se hama sabhI auSadhiyoM ke lAbha se vaMcita haiM unako jAnakArI karake jana samudAya ke sAmane lAyeM jisase ki unake viSaya meM anusaMdhAna karake usa paddhati se janatA janArdana kI samucita sevA ho ske| / nAsti Ayurvedasya paarm|| zvAsa-roga kA ilAja pippalIlavaNavargavipAko sarpireva zamayatyatijIrNam shRNgberlvnnaanvitbhaarddii| cuurnnpymltailvimishrm||10|| kalyANakArakam-16 sarga pippalI va lavaNavarga se siddha kiyA huA ghI, atyanta puroma zvAsa ko zamana karatA hai| soMTha lavaNa se yukta bhAraMgI cUrNa ko nirmala tela meM milAkara upayoga kareM to zvAsa ke lie hitakara hai| bhaMgarAja tela va triphalA jhNgraajrsviNshtibhaagaiH| pakvatailamathavA prtivaapm| shvaaskaasmuphntytishiighrN| traiphlaajlmivaajysmetm||11|| harar3a behar3A, A~vale ke kaSAya meM ghI milAkara sevana karane se zvAsa roga zIghra nAza hotA hai| eka bhAga tila ke tela meM 20 bhAga bhAMgare kA rasa aura harar3a kA kalka DAlakara siddha karake sevana kareM to zvAsa roga ko zIghra nAza karatA hai| (saMdarbha- vahI kalyANakArakam zloka 11)
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________________ anekAnta 68/4 akTU - disambara, 2015 jainAyurveda ke granthoM aura pANDulipiyoM kI upekSA 59 AcArya rAjakumAra jaina Ayurveda ko vartamAna meM purAtana bhAratIya cikitsA ke rUpa meM jAnA jAtA hai, jabaki vaha mAtra cikitsA vijJAna hI nahIM apitu sampUrNa jIvana vijJAna hai, kyoMki Ayurveda zAstra meM manuSya ke jIvana ke pratyeka pakSa para gaharAI se vicAra kiyA gayA hai| jainadharma meM laukika vidyA ke rUpa meM use mAnya kiyA gayA hai aura dvAdazAMga ke aMtargata use parigaNita kara 'prANAvAya' saMjJA se vyavahata kiyA gayA hai| kaSAyapAhur3a Adi granthoM meM prANAvAya kA lakSaNa pratipAdita kara usa viSaya para likhita zloka saMkhyA pramANa batalAyA gayA hai| yahI kAraNa hai ki aneka jainAcAryoM ne prANAvAya viSaya ko adhikRta kara granthoM kA praNayana kara apane karttavya ko to pUrNa kara diyA, kintu unake dvArA likhita granthoM pANDulipiyoM kI pratilipi karavAkara unake saMrakSaNa karane ke apane uttaradAyitva ko samAja pUrNa nahIM kara paayaa| isakA duSpariNAma yaha huA ki aneka grantha yA to naSTa ho gae haiM yA lupta gae . haiM athavA aMdhakArAvRta haiN| jainAyurveda-grantha vivaraNa : prAcIna vidvAnoM yA patra-patrikAoM ne pUrva meM samaya-samaya para jainAcAryoM dvArA likhita Ayurveda viSayAdhArita graMthoM kI sUcI prakAzita kI thI jisake AdhAra para saMkalita eka bRhat sUcI kA nirmANa kiyA gayA hai jise yahA~ prastuta kiyA jA rahA hai| AzA hai vijJajana isakA avalokana kara racanAtmaka kadama utthaaeNge| vartamAna meM jaina vAD.maya para dRSTipAta karate haiM to jJAta hotA hai 'prANAvAya' (jainAyurveda) se saMbandhita bahuta kama sAhitya hI upalabdha hai| upalabdha sandarbhoM evaM prAcIna vidvAnoM dvArA kie gae ullekhoM se jJAta hotA hai ki prakhara pANDitya se paripUrNa bahumukhI pratibhA ke dhanI samantabhadra
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________________ 60 anekAnta 68/4, akTU-disambara, 2015 svAmI aura pUjyapAda jaise bhiSagAcArya dvArA AyurvedAdhArita aneka granthoM kA sarjana kiyA gayA thA jo vartamAna meM upalabdha nahIM hai aura yadi upalabdha hai bhI to durlabha evaM aprakAzita haiN| udAharaNArtha AcArya samantabhadra svAmI dvArA viracita siddhAMta rasAyana kalpa, puSpAyurveda, aSTAMga saMgraha aadi| isI prakAra pUjyapAda svAmI dvArA 'kalyANakAraka' graMtha kA ullekha to milatA hai, kintu vartamAna meM upalabdha nahIM hai| isI prakAra unakI anya kRtiyoM-granthoM meM zAlAkyataMtra, nidAna muktAvali, nAr3I parIkSA Adi kA ullekha mAtra milatA hai| isake atirikta pAtra kesari dvArA racita zalya taMtra, siddhasena kRta viSa evaM ugragraha zamana vidhi kA bhI ullekha milatA hai| paM. AzAdhara dvArA Ayurveda ke graMtha aSTAMga hRdaya para atyanta vidvattApUrNa TIkA likhI gaI thI jo vartamAna meM upalabdha nahIM hai| ___jainAcAryoM kI yaha vizeSatA rahI hai ki unhoMne grantha racanA karate samaya jana sAmAnya meM pracalita bhASA kA vizeSa dhyAna rkhaa| prAcInakAla meM prAkRta va pAlI jana sAdhAraNa kI bhASAeM thii| kAlAntara meM dhIre-dhIre inakA vikAsa huA aura vyAkaraNa kA AdhAra pAkara ina bhASAoM ne sAhityika sAmarthya kI garimA prApta kii| isakA supariNAma yaha huA ki ina bhASAoM meM vipula sAhitya kA nirmANa huaa| vidvAnoM AcAryoM ne Ayurveda para AdhArita aneka granthoM kI racanA kI, kintu hamAre pramAda evaM ajJAna ke kAraNa aneka grantha kAla kavalita ho gae haiN| aneka grantha aise haiM jo deza ke vibhinna grantha bhaNDAroM meM yatratatra bikhare par3e haiN| unakI koI khoja khabara lene vAlA nahIM hai| aise hI prAkRta bhASA meM racita Ayurveda ke do mahatvapUrNa graMthoM- 1. yoga nidhAna aura 2. prAkRta vaidyaka ko sva. paM. kundanalAla jaina, dillI ne khoja nikAlA thaa| isakA ullekha unhoneM apane lekha meM kiyA thaa| unhoMne likhA hai ki ye graMtha kA eka guTakA (pothI) meM chipe par3e the| jaba usa guTake kA eka eka patra palaTA taba acAnaka hAtha meM lge| para kheda hai ki isa guTakA ke Adi-aMta ke panna hI nahIM the, kabhI phaTakara nikala gae hoNge| inameM bahuta sArI aitihAsika tathya pUrNa sAmagrI chipI rahA karatI hai| isI prakAra sukhAr3iyA vizvavidyAlaya, udayapura se prAkRta bhASA ke
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________________ anekAnta 68/4, akTU-disambara, 2015 prophesara DaoN. udayacandra jaina ne bhI prAkRta bhASA meM racita Ayurveda ke graMtha'joNi-pAhur3a' kA ullekha apane eka lekha meM kiyA hai| (DaoN. udayacandra jaina kA "joNi pAhuNa : eka anuzIlana", Alekha vizeSAMka meM diyA jA rahA hai)| jainAcAryoM dvArA likhita Ayurveda ke aise graMthoM kI saMkhyA atyalpa hai jinakA mudraNa evaM prakAzana kiyA gayA ho| aba taka jo graMtha prakAzita kie gae haiM unameM zrI ugrAdityAcArya dvArA praNIta 'kalyANa kAraka' hI eka mAtra aisA graMtha hai jo sarvAMgapUrNa hai aura saMskRta bhASA meM nibaddha hai| isakA hindI anuvAda evaM saMpAdana sva.zrI vardhamAna pArzvanAtha zAstrI dvArA kiyA gayA thaa| jo vartamAna meM upalabdha hai| isake atirikta vaidyasAra nAmaka eka eka graMtha kA prakAzana jaina siddhAnta bhavana ArA se kiyA gayA thaa| isakA saMpAdaka aura hindI anuvAda AyurvedAcArya paM. satyandhara kumAra jaina, kAvyatIrtha dvArA kiyA gayA thaa| isa graMtha ko bhI pUjyapAda dvArA racita kahA jAtA hai, kintu yaha sandehAspada hai, kyoMki isa sampUrNa graMtha meM vibhinna rogoM ke zamanArtha cikitsA yogoM kA kathana kiyA gayA hai| pratyeka cikitsA yoga meM 5 yA 6 zloka haiM aura pratyeka ke anta meM pUjyapAdena bhASitam kathitaM pUjyapAdena, pUjyapAdoditam ityAdi kathana kiyA gayA hai jisase dhvanita hotA hai ki pUjyapAda svAmI kA koI cikitsA viSayaka graMtha pUrva meM vidyamAna rahA hogA jisameM ina cikitsA yogoM ko uddhRta kara saMkalita kara liyA gayA hai| isake atirikta isakI bhASA zailI bhI zrI pUjyapAda svAmI kI vidvattA ke anurUpa nahIM hai| ataH yaha khoja kA viSaya hai ki isa graMtha kA racayitA, saMgrahakartA yA saMkalanakartA vastutaH kauna hai uparyukta graMthoM ke atirikta nimna graMthoM ke prakAzita hone kI bhI sUcanA prApta huI hai1. zrI harSakIrti sUri dvArA viracita-yogaciMtAmaNi 2. zrI hastirUci dvArA viracita- vaidya vallabha 3. zrI ananta deva sUri kRta- rasacintAmaNi 4. zrI kANTha sUri kRta- hitopadeza vaidyaka
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________________ anekAnta 68/4, akTU-disambara, 2015 5. zrI haMsarAja dvArA racita- haMsarAja nidAna aura 6. kavi vizrAma dvArA likhita- anupAna maMjarI ye sabhI graMtha saMskRta bhASA meM likhe gae haiN| kucha hindI bhASA meM racita graMthoM ke prakAzita hone kI bhI sUcanA prApta huI hai| jaise - 1. kavi naina sukha dvArA likhita vaidya manotsava, 2. kavi megha muni dvArA racita megha vinod| isake atirikta kannar3a bhASA meM zrI maMgarAja dvArA likhita graMtha khagendramaNi darpaNa madrAsa vizvavidyAlaya dvArA kannar3a lipi meM kannar3a sIrIja ke aMtargata prakAzita kiyA gayA thA jo vartamAna meM upalabdha nahIM hai| isameM koI saMdeha nahIM hai ki jainAcAryoM dvArA likhita Ayurveda ke granthoM kI saMkhyA pracura hai| kintu yaha saMpUrNa sAhitya abhI taka aMdhakAravRta hai| aba to sthiti yaha hotI jA rahI hai ki jainAcAryoM dvArA praNIta jina graMthoM kI racanA kI sUcanA yA jAnakArI saMdarbha rUpa se jahAM kahIM se bhI prApta hotI hai, usakI khoja karane para jJAta hotA hai ki aba usakA astitva hI hamAre sammukha nahIM hai| saMbhava hai kisI graMtha bhaNDAra meM kisI graMtha kI ekAdha prati mila jaay| udAharaNa ke rUpa meM aneka sthaloM para svAmI samantabhadra dvArA likhita vaidyaka graMtha kA ullekha to milatA hai, kintu abhI taka vaha aprApta hI banA huA hai| isI prakAra Ayurveda ke eka prasiddha graMtha 'yoga ratnAkara' meM zrI pUjyapAda ke nAma se aneka cikitsA yoga uddhRta haiN| eka anya AyurvedIya graMtha "vasava rAjIyam" meM bhI pUjyapAda ke nAma se aneka auSadha yogoM kA ullekha hai, kintu prayatna karane para bhI pUjyapAda dvArA racita koI cikitsA sambandhI graMtha hastagata nahIM huA hai| bhASA kI dRSTi se Ayurveda ke graMthoM kI racanA meM jainAcAryo yogadAna ati mahatvapUrNa hai| jainAcAryoM kI yaha vizeSatA rahI hai ki tatkAlIna loka bhASA ko dhyAna meM rakhakara hI unhoMne graMthoM kI racanA kI hai, tAki aura jana sAmAnya una graMthoM se lAbha uThA skeN| jainAcAryoM ke dvArA likhita Ayurveda ke jina graMthoM kI jAnakArI vartamAna meM sulabha hai usake anusAra cAra bhASAoM meM Ayurveda ke graMthoM kA praNayana samaya-samaya para
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________________ anekAnta 68/4, akTU-disambara, 2015 kiyA hai| yathA- prAkRta, saMskRta, kannar3a aura hindii| inameM se kannar3a bhASA meM likhita graMthoM meM kannar3a lipi kA prayoga kiyA gayA hai, zeSa tIna bhASAoM, prAkRta, saMskRta aura hindI meM likhita graMthoM meM devanAgarI lipi ko mAdhyama banAyA gayA hai| kannar3a lipi meM likhita kucha graMthoM kI lipi to kannar3a hai kintu bhASA saMskRta hai| jJAta huA hai ki meghamuni nAmaka eka vidvAna ne gurUmukhI lipi (paMjAbI bhASA) meM 'megha vinoda' nAmaka gaMtha kI racanA kI thI jise motIlAla banArasIdAsa prakAzana evaM zrI sundaralAla jaina ne hindI meM anuvAda karAkara apane yahA~ se prakAzita karAyA thaa| jainAyurveda ke jina hastalikhita graMthoM (upalabdha yA anupalabdha) kI jAnakArI vibhinna srotoM se upalabdha huI hai unakA vivaraNa nimnavat hai| 1. zrI samantabhadrAcArya -aSTAMga saMgraha, siddhAMta rasAyana kalpa, puSpAyurveda 2. zrI pUjyapAda svAmI - kalyANakAraka, ratnAkarauSadhayoga graMtha, vaidyasAra, bhaiSajya guNArNava, nidAna muktAvali, madanakAmaratna, vidyA vinoda, pUjyapAda vaidyaka, nAr3I parIkSA, vaidyaka zAstra 3. somanAtha - kalyANakAraka (kannar3a) 4. kundakunda - vaidyagAhA 5. amRtanandin - akArA di nighaNTu 6. yaza:kIrti - jagat sundarI prayoga mAlA 7. paM. harapAla - vaidyazAstra (prAkRta), yoga nidhAna 8. durga deva - riSTa samuccaya (jyotiSa-Ayurveda) 9. maMgarAja - khagendra maNi darpaNa (kannar3a) 10. pArzva deva - sukara yoga ratnAvali 11. devendra muni - bAla graha cikitsA 12. zrIdhara deva - vaidyAmRta 13. padmanandi 14. padsena,15. dhanaMjaya 16. revaNa siMha- vaidyaka nighaNTu 17. mANikyacandra jaina - rasAvatAra 18. nArAyaNa zekhara jaina - yoga ratnAkara, vaidyavRnda, vaidyAmRta, jvara nirNaya 19. ananta deva sUri - rasa ciMtAmaNi
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________________ 64 anekAnta 68/4, akTU-disambara, 2015 20. zrI kaNTha sUri - hitopadeza vaidyaka 21. vijayarUNa upAdhyAya- sAra saMgraha 22. harSa kIrti sUri - yoga cintAmaNi 23. malliveNa - bAla graha cikitsA 24. vara rUci ___ - yoga zata vRtti, vara rUci saMhitA 25. soma prabha - rasa prayoga 26. merUtuMga - merU taMtra 27. akalaMka - akalaMka saMhitA 28. vIra siMha - vIrasiMhAvaloka 29. lakSmIcandra vAcaka (dIpakacaMdra vAcaka) - laMghana pathya nirNaya 30. jayaratnagaSi - jvara parAjaya 31. mahendra bhogika -dravyAvala samuccaya 32. hasti rUci - vaidya vallabha 33. haMsa rAja - bhiSak cakracintotsava (haMsarAja nidAna) 34. hemacandrAcArya - nighaNTu zeSa, nAmamAlAdi koza 35. cikkaNa kavi - guNa pATha 36. abhinava - vaidya nighaNTu 37. sAlva - vaidya sAMgalya (kannar3a) 38. lakSmaNa paNDita ___ - vaidya nighaNTu (kannar3a; 39. ziva ghoSa - rasasAra 40. mAghavacandra deva - mAgharAja paddhati 41. abhinava candra - haya zAstra 42. kIrti varmA - go vaidya 43. vAca rasa - azva vaidya hindI bhASA meM racita vaidyaka graMtha :1. samaratha - rasa maMjarI TIkA 2. nayanasukha -- vaidya manotsava 3. jina samudra sUri - vaidya ciMtAmaNi 4. lakSmI vallabha - kAla jJAna bhASA, mUtra parIkSA
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________________ anekAnta 68/4, akTU-disambara, 2015 5. dharmasI 6. jogIdAsa 7. rAmacanda 8. munimAna 9. pItAmbara 10. caina sukhayati 11. malUkacandra 12. meghamuni 13. yati gaMgArAma - Dambha kriyA - vaidyaka sAra - rAmavinoda, vaidya vinoda, prayoga candrikA kavi vinoda, kavi pramoda Ayurveda sAra saMgraha - sata zlokI bhASA - vaidya hulAsa - megha vinoda, megha vilAsa - vaidya jIvana (lolimbarAja bhASA), sUraja prakAza, bhAva dIpaka, bhAva nidAna lakSmI prakAza anupAna maMjarI yogaratnamAlA vRtti (TIkA) pathyA pathya TavA (TIkA) mAdhava nidAna TavA (TIkA) sannipAta kalikA 14. lakSmIcandra 15. kavi vizrAma 16. guNAkara 17. cainasukha muni 18. jJAna merU 19. hema nidhAna - nidezaka, jainAyurveda sAhityAnusaMdhAna kendra, rAjIva kAmpaleksa ke pAsa, ahiMsA mArga, iTArasI-461 111 (ma.pra.)
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________________ anekAnta 68/4, akTU-disambara, 2015 AcArya ugrAditya ke 'kalyANakAraka' meM dravya-guNa cikitsA Adi kA varNana DA. harizcandra jaina, jAmanagara jainadharma ke prathama tIrthakara vRSabhadeva haiN| inakA ullekha vedoM meM bhI prApta hotA hai to bhI jaina dharma hindu dharma se apanI maulika vizeSatAoM ke kAraNa pRthak hai aura hai ati praaciin| jainadharma kI apanI sabase bar3I vizeSatA hai samanvayAtmaka (anekAntAtmaka) mArga kA nirdeza krnaa| prastuta 'kalyANakAraka' cikitsAgrantha bhI isI sariNI kA anusaraNa karatA hai| RSabhadeva se prArambha hokara vardhamAna taka cikitsA kI jaina vaidyaka paramparA rahI hai, kintu isa kAlakhaNDa kA koI prAmANika sAhitya prApta nahIM hotA hai| taduparAnta kA jo jaina sAhitya milatA hai usameM cikitsAgrantha virala milate haiN| jaina vaidyaka paramparA Ayurveda se vicAradhArA meM bahuta adhika bhinna nahIM hai|, tathApi apanI dhArmika pRSThabhUmi ke kAraNa kucha bhinna sI pratIta hotI hai| jaina vaidyaka vicArakoM ne vAgbhaTTa ke samAna carakasuzruta Adi ke vicAroM ko samucita Adara pradAna kiyA hai aura vAgbhaTTa ko bauddha vaidyaka paramparA kA anugAmI mAnA hai| ThIka isI prakAra kalyANakAraka ke racayitA AcArya ugrAditya ne kiyA hai| yadyapi unhoMne aisA kahIM bhI svIkAra to nahIM kiyA hai, unhoMne AyurvedAvataraNa bhinna prakAra se mAnA hai, tathApi jaina vaidyaka kI paramparA meM bahuta se upayogI cikitsAzAstra ke siddhAnta hai yaha siddha ho jAtA hai| kalyANakAraka ke adhyayana se jJAta hotA hai ki dharma kA darzana, vijJAna aura cikitsA zAstra para kaise prabhAva hotA hai, yaha aitihAsika mahattva kI vastu hai| aneka vicAradhArAoM meM madhya meM rahate hue unase tAlamela rakhate hue apanA astittva banAnA mahatvapUrNa haiN| kalyANakAraka cikitsAgrantha ke racayitA AcArya ugrAditya the|
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________________ anekAnta 68/4, akTU-disambara, 2015 upalabdha pramANoM ke AdhAra para yaha siddha hai ki yaha eka jaina AcArya the aura rASTrakUTa vaMzI rAjA amoghavarSa prathama tathA cAlukya vaMzI rAjA kAliviSNuvardhana paMcama ke kAla meM the, jisakA samaya IsvI kI 9vIM zatAbdi hai| ugrAditya ke guru zrInandi the jo 'prANAvAya vijJAna' ke vidvAn the, unhIM se inhoMne Ayurveda kA jJAna grahaNa kiyA thaa| kalyANakAraka meM anekoM AcAryoM ke nAmoM kA ullekha milatA hai jo jaina vaidyaka paramparA meM hai, unhoMne alaga-alaga cikitsA kI zAkhAoM para grantha likhe haiN| maharSi pUjyapAda zAlAkya taMtra (Diseases of EyeNose & Throat pAtra kesarI svAmI zalya taMtra (Surgery) siddhasena bhagavAna agada tatra evaM bhUta vidyA (Toxicology) dazaratha munIzvara kAya cikitsA (Medicine) meghanAdAcArya kaumAra bhRtya (Children diseases) siMhanAda munIndra vAjIkaraNa aura rasAyana taMtra samantabhadrAcArya ne aSTAMga Ayurveda para vistAra se grantha racanA kI hai| kalyANakAraka meM unhIM kA saMkSipta sAra prastuta kiyA gayA hai| inameM se ugrAdityAcArya ke kalyANakAraka vaidyakagraMtha ke atirikta koI bhI graMtha Aja upalabdha nahIM hai| kalyANakAraka ke mahatvapUrNa cikitsA siddhAnta : jainadharma ke jIva evaM sRSTi ke sambandha meM apane maulika vicAra haiM jinakI saMkSipta carcA ugrAditya ne apane grantha meM kI hai| karma se jIva kA janma tathA vyAdhi kI utpatti hotI hai| anya kAraNa jinase vyAdhi utpanna hotI hai gauNa mAne haiM jinameM doSa tathA abhighAta hetu hotA hai| rogoM kI utpatti ke lie zarIra ke vikRta doSa uttaradAyI haiN| mahArogoM meM ve zIghra prabhAva pradarzita karate haiN| jabaki anya rogoM meM mandagati se apanA prabhAva dikhAte haiM, isakA kAraNa svabhAva tathA karma mAnA hai| prakupita doSa zarIra meM prasarita hote haiM, unake aneka prakAra haiN| 15 prakAroM kA varNana kalyANakAraka meM kiyA gayA hai, jisake anusAra tIna doSa tathA rakta milakara isa prakAra ke bheda banate haiN| yaha eka Ayurveda
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________________ 68 anekAnta 68/4, akTU-disambara, 2015 sammata siddhAnta hai| tIna doSa ke siddhAnta ko mAnya karatA huA lekhaka rakta ko bhI doSa kI zreNI meM lAne kA prayatna karatA hai| roga kI cikitsA karma kI upazAnti hai| upAya yA cikitsA kI sahAyatA se roga ke zamana kA kAla Ane para rogopazamana hotA hai| aisA vicAra AcArya ugrAditya ne pratipAdita kiyA hai| isI prakAra cikitsA krama meM rogI kI cikitsA karate samaya jyotiSa ke anusAra graha, svapna tathA doSoM kI sthiti kA vicAra kiyA hai| doSoM ke binA rogotpatti sambhava nahIM hai jahA~ roga vizeSa kA nAma nahIM hai vahA~ doSoM ke anusAra vicAra karanA cAhie yaha vicAra AcArya caraka ke anusAra hai vikArANAmakuzalo na jihvIyAn kdaacn| na hi sarvavikAraNAM nAmato'sti dhruvA sthitiH|| kalyANakAraka meM madya-mAMsa-madhu kA niSedha - dhArmika tathA Atmika dRSTi se ahiMsA eka pradhAna tattva hai| jise Ayurveda meM bhI sthAna diyA gayA hai| isI kAraNa se mAMsAhAra kA niSedha jaina vaidyaka meM kiyA gayA hai, anyathA naitika virodha utpanna ho jaataa| jainoM ne mAMsAhAra ko kabhI bhI kisI bhI rUpa meM svIkAra nahIM kiyA hai| jaina vaidyaka meM usakA pUrNa pAlana kiyA gayA hai| usI prakAra madhu kA prayoga bhI varjita mAnA hai, madhu meM asaMkhya jIvoM kA Azraya hotA hai| ataH mAMsa ke tulya hI ise cikitsA meM sthAna nahIM diyA hai| zalya meM aneka karmoM kA sImita evaM Avazyaka vidhAna batAyA hai| jainadharma ke anusAra madya ke prayoga ko sarvathA niSiddha mAnA hai| ataH madyapAna kA cikitsA kArya meM kahIM prayoga nahIM batAyA hai| Ayurveda cikitsA meM prayoga kiye jAne vAle Asrava, ariSTa ko bhI niSiddha mAnA hai| madya, mAMsa va madhu kA tyAgI hI jainI hotA hai| jaina matAnuyAyI ke isa guNa ko AcArya ugrAditya ne cikitsA meM surakSita rakhA hai| gambhIratA se vicAra karane para madya, mAMsa evaM madhu ke durguNoM kA jJAna rhegaa| jainadarzana evam tattvajJAna kA adhyayana isake lie atyAvazyaka hai, anyathA isakA jJAna va anubhUti donoM asambhava hai|
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________________ anekAnta 68/4 akTU-disambara, 2015 ahiMsA ke isa sUkSma vicAra ko kucha zalya cikitsA ke vikAsa meM bAdhaka mAnate haiM, kintu zarIra racanA, zarIra kriyA evaM zalya viSaya grantha lekhana isa bAta kA dyotaka hai ki jainadharma kI ahiMsA zalyacikitsA ke vikAsa meM avarodhaka nahIM rahI hai| vijJAna ke nAma para anAvazyaka prANi hiMsA kA niSedha hI kiyA hai| 69 madya, mAMsa va madhu dravya guNAtmaka vicAra ko dhyAna meM rakhate hue ina dravyoM ke pratinidhi dravyoM kA sthAna-sthAna para prayoga batAyA hai| madya ke sthAna para puSpoM kA rasa, mAMsa ke sthAna para vibhinna dvidala dhAnya, madhu ke sthAna para gur3a kA prayoga liyA hai, jo AcArya ugrAditya kI vaijJAnika mImAMsA kA acchA udAharaNa hai| isa prakAra prAcIna vedAnuyAyI Ayurveda ke samasta vicAroM ko AtmasAta karate hue samanvaya kI dRSTi kalyANakAraka meM apanAI gaI hai| trisUtra Ayurveda - hetu, liMga, auSadha kA pUrNa vicAra kalyANakAraka meM kiyA hai / auSadha ke lie ugrAditya ne prazasta auSadha aisA kahA hai- jo auSadhi nimna guNoM se yukta hogI vahI prazasta auSadhi mAnI jAvegI - 1. jo jJAna va cikitsA meM vyahRta hotI ho| 2. alpa mAtrA meM prayoga kara ske| 3. gandha, varNa, svAda meM priya hoN| 4. zuddha ho, jisase kisI prakAra ke vyApada (Complications) na hoN| 5. zIghra prabhAvakArI hoM / Adhunika cikitsA vijJAna bhI Aja dravya (Durg) ke saMbandha meM yahI vicAra mAnatA hai| auSadhi ke sabhI vicAra - Ayurveda ke sAtha pUrNa sammata hai| dravya ke kArya ko (The mode of action of the durg) 15 prakAra se vargIkRta kiyA hai jise 'bheSajakarma' kahA hai| yaha sarala tathA sugama vargIkaraNa hai jo sAmAnya cikitsaka ke lie upayogI hai| auSadhi karma - (1) saMzamana (2) agnidIpana (3) rasAyana (4) vRMhaNa (5) lekhana (6) saMgrahaNa (7) vRSya (8) zoSakaraNa (9) vilayana (10) adha:zodhana (11) urdhvazodhana ( 12 ) ubhaya bhAga zodhana (13) virecana ( 14 ) viSa ( 15 ) viSauSadha /
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________________ anekAnta 68/4 akTU - disambara, 2015 isa prakAra auSadhi karmoM kA vargIkaraNa ativaijJAnika va Ayurveda meM vikAsa kA dyotaka hai| kucha auSadhiyoM ke svarasa kA prayoga maMtropacAra ke sAtha kiyA hai| masUrikA ( Small Pox) meM vanauSadhiyoM se nirmita paMkhe kI havA kA sevana batAyA hai| isI prakAra viSoM kI cikitsA kA vizeSa varNana kiyA hai, jise 'agadataMtra' kahA jAtA hai| auSadhi ke anya prayogoM kA varNana Ayurveda sammata hai jaise- aJjana, karNapUraNa, nasya, vartikavala Adi / prameha kI cikitsA ke upakrama caraka, suzruta kI apekSA vizeSatA yukta hai / prameha kI cikitsA meM vibhinna prANiyoM ke mala ( The Excreta of the animals) kA upayoga batAyA hai| yaha anusaMdhAna kA viSaya hai| pArada kA upayoga : 70 kalyANakAraka meM saMkSiptarUpa se pArada tathA usake saMskAroM kA varNana hai| pArada se svarNa nirmANa kA kathana hai / aneke pArada yogoM kA zaktivarddhaka yogoM ke rUpa meM varNana hai| zrRMgAra prasAdhana : kalyANakAraka meM pAlita nAzana, keza kRSNIkaraNa, mukhakAnti varddhaka Adi zrRMgAra prasAdhana yogoM kA varNana hai| vimarza: Ayurveda meM jaina vaidyaka paramparA kA mahatvapUrNa yogadAna hai| yaha prAyogika tathA saiddhAntika donoM prakAra kA hai| madya, mAMsa, madhu ke niSedha ke sAtha unakA ucita pUraka batAyA hai| vAta, pitta, kapha, vAta kI sahAyatA se apanA kArya saMpanna karate haiN| isa prakAra sAmAnya cikitsaka ke sarala prayoga paraka cikitsA grantha kalyANakAraka hai| rogoM kA vargIkaraNa doSAnusAra kara cikitsakoM kA mahAna upakAra kiyA hai| isa prakAra kalyANakAraka eka maulika vaijJAnika jaina vaidyaka paramparA kA grantha hai| ******
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________________ anekAnta 68/4, akTU-disambara, 2015 jainAcAra Ayurveda hI hai - rAjakumAra zAstrI (nivAI) jainadharma sarvajJa jinendradeva dvArA praNIta hai aura yaha prarUpaNa dvAdazAMgarUpa meM prarUpita kiyA gayA hai| isa prarUpaNa meM vizva kA koI bhI viSaya achUtA nahIM rahA hai| isameM sampUrNa viSayoM kA sarvAMgINa nirUpaNa hai| sampUrNa zrutajJAna ko aMga bAhya aura aMga praviSTa ke do bhedoM meM vibhAjita kiyA gayA hai| sampUrNa vizva kI racanA aura usake kSetra va sthAnoM meM hone vAlI krama prakriyA kA vizad varNana hai| ananta jIvoM ke vividha yonisthAna, svarUpa, raMgoM kA sUkSmAtisUkSma varNana jahA~ hai, vahA~ inake prAkRtika parivartana tathA halana-calana rUpa kriyA kalApoM kA bhI vizada vivecana hai| pratyeka vastu kA guNa, avaguNa, paripAka. vipAka aura usase hone vAle prabhAva ko bhI khulAsA kiyA gayA hai| usI ke AdhAra para jainAcAryoM ne darzana, kalA, kAvya, jyotiSa va vaidyaka, vyAkaraNAdi sabhI viSayoM para apane mahAna jJAnAnubhava ke AdhAra para aneka graMthoM kI racanA kI hai| 11 aMga aura 14 pUrvo ke antargata sabhI viSaya A jAte haiN| durbhAgya se kahiye yA hamAre pramAda ke kAraNa ina aMga aura pUrvo ke jJAna ke AdhAra para paramparAgata AcAryoM dvArA racita nAnAvidha viSayoM para grantha the unameM se aneka zAstra yA to dImakoM ne bhakSaNa kara liye haiM yA dharmAndha dveSiyoM ne unheM naSTa-bhraSTa kara agni meM samarpita kara diye| isI kAraNa ve mahAna grantha Aja hameM dRSTigocara nahIM hai, kintu jo kucha hamAre samakSa haiM, unake vAcana se hameM una AcAryoM kI sarvatonmukhI pratibhA kA aura unake agAdha jJAna kA paricaya avazya hotA hai| jainAcAryoM dvArA racita kucha graMthoM ko chor3akara vaidyaka graMtha Aja hameM upalabdha nahIM haiM tathApi upalabdha AyurvedIya granthoM kA avalokana karate haiM to Ayurveda zabda kI vyutpatti labhya artha isa prakAra hai-'Ayurasmin vidyate anena vA AyuH vidaMti ityAyurvedaH' isase siddha hotA hai ki Ayurveda Ayu-jIvana kA zAstra hai| ataH Ayu
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________________ anekAnta 68/4, akTU-disambara, 2015 kA saMrakSaNa jisase ho vahI Ayarveda hai| vartamAna Aya ke anta taka parNa svasthatA hI Arogya hai| svasthatA ke virodhI roga haiN| vyAdhi roga kA paryAyavAcI zabda hai| zarIra meM vyAdhiyA~ cAra prakAra kI hotI haiM - 1. vAtaja 2. pittaja 3. kaphaja 4. sNsrgj| vAtotpAdaka padArthoM kA sevana vAtaja vyAdhiyoM kA janaka hai, pittaja padArthoM ke sevana se pittapradhAna vyAdhiyA~ hotI haiM tathA kaphotpAdaka vastuoM kA sevana kaphaja vyAdhiyoM ko utpanna karatA hai| eka-dUsare ke saMsarga se hone vAlI vyAdhiyA~ saMsargaja kahalAtI haiN| saMsargaja vyAdhiyoM meM zItalA, motIjvara, rAjayakSmA (TI.vI.), upadaMza Adi ko liyA jA sakatA hai| prakRti ne aneka bhojya padArtha utpanna kiye haiM jaise- anna, vividha phala, vividha zAka, patra-puSpAdi ye saba apane-apane samaya para sarvatra utpanna hote rahate haiN| ye nAnAvidha khAdya padArtha vibhinna prakAra kI vyAdhiyoM se mukta karAne kI zakti se yukta haiM inameM apUrva zakti hai, jinake sevana se hI vividha roga zAnta ho sakate haiN| inameM kucha aise bhI padArtha haiM jinake sevana se nAnAvidha roga bhI utpanna ho jAte haiN| isIlie vivekiyoM ne- manISiyoM ne viveka se kAma lene ko khaa| jaise bar3a, pIpala. Umara. kaThamara aura pAkara ye paMca udumbara phala kahalAte haiN| inameM aneka jIva hai jo calate-phirate dikhAI dete haiM to phira inake khAne se zarIra kaise svastha raha sakatA hai| kucha zAka Adi aise haiM jinameM calate-phirate jIva to nahIM dikhAI dete haiM, kintu aneka nigodiyA jIvo kA piNDa svarUpa hI hai, jaise AlU, zakarakandI Adi jmiiknd| unake bhakSaNa karane se bhI buddhi meM pramAda, bhArIpana aura mandatA A jAtI hai| madya, mAMsa aura madhu to pratyakSa hI ghRNAspada, madakAraka va hiMsA janya hai| buddhi ko viparIta va kuNThita karane vAle haiM tathA krUratA utpanna karane vAle haiN| ye padArtha va mastiSka meM kSobha utpanna karate haiM, heyopAdeya ke bodha se rahita karate haiN| ye padArtha svayaM hI abhakSya haiM inako bhakSaNa karane vAlA anya bhI abhakSya padArthoM kA sevana karane meM saMkoca nahIM karatA hai| jaina cikitsA paddhati meM bhI inakA prayoga niSiddha mAnA gayA hai| ugrAdityAcArya ne apane kalyANakAraka grantha meM cikitsA karane meM bhI
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________________ anekAnta 68/4, akTU-disambara, 2015 73 inako grAhya nahIM mAnA hai| ata: yaha to nirbAdha siddha hai ki Ayurveda aura jainAcAra kA bar3A nikaTatama sambandha rahA hai| hama yaha nizcita rUpa se kaha sakate haiM ki jaina dharma ke anuyAyiyoM ko jina prAraMbhika niyamoM kA pAlana karane ko kahA hai unake atirikta sadgRhastha aura sAdhu puruSoM kI jo bhI dinacaryA zAstroM meM kahI gaI jinameM AhAra caryA kI pramukhatA hai, kA bar3A vaijJAnika dRSTikoNa rakhA gayA hai| jaina dharmAnusAra vihita niyamopaniyama dhArmikatA ke sAtha-sAtha svAsthya rakSA meM bhI atyanta sahAyaka sAdhana hai| jainasAdhu 24 ghaNTe meM sUryodaya ke kama se kama 72 miniTa pazcAt aura sUryAsta se kama se kama 72 nimiTa pUrva dina meM eka bAra AhAra grahaNa karate haiN| dUsarI bAra pAnI bhI nahIM lete| ataH AMtoM ko bhojana pacAne ke lie samaya adhika milatA hai| isake atirikta gariSTha, amaryAdita va kaMda mUlAdi, pramAda bar3hAne vAle padArtha, anaSTikAraka va anupasevya padArthoM kA ve prayoga nahIM krte| sAttvika bhojana karate haiM aura yathAvasara anazana, avamaudarya, rasa parityAga Adi tapoM ko bhI karate haiM, jisase zArIrika svAsthya ko banAye rakhane meM bhI bahuta sahayoga milatA hai aura ahiMsA pradhAna dharma kA bhI paripAlana hotA hai| samaya-samaya para vibhinna rasoM kA parityAga ve karate rahate haiM jisase jaba jaise rasa kI AvazyakatA zarIra ko hotI hai, vaha use milatA hai aura jisakI AvazyakatA nahIM hotI usakA sevana bhI baca jAtA hai, kyoMki badalate hue AhAra meM prAyaH rasoM kA parivartana karate rahate haiN| sAdhu caryA meM prAsuka (garma) pAnI ke sevana kI hI pramukhatA hai| ataH svAsthya kI rakSA meM garma pAnI kA bhI yogadAna milatA rahatA hai| Ayurveda meM bhI prAyaH sAmAnya rogoM kI cikitsA to AhAra (khAna-pAna) zuddhi se sahI ho jAyA karatI hai| cikitsA kSetra meM pathyA pathya AhAra-vihAra kA mahatvapUrNa sthAna hai| pathya rUpa AhAra-vihAra hI aneka rogoM kA cikitsaka hai| kahA bhI hai pathye sati gadArtasya kimaussdhnissevrnnH| apathye sati gadArtasya kimaussdhnissevnnaiH| arthAt pathya pUrvaka rahA jAve to auSadha sevana kI kyA AvazyakatA
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________________ anekAnta 68/4, akTU-disambara, 2015 hai aura apathyapUrvaka rahane vAloM kI auSadhi kA sevana kyA kAryakArI hogA? apathya sevana se rogotpatti hotI hai| isa prakAra jainAcAra Ayurveda hI hai| yadi aisA bhI kaha diyA jAve to koI atizayokti nahIM hogii| Ayurveda bhI upavAsa, bhUkha se kama khAne, khaTTe, mIThe rasoM ke sevana yA tyAga para bala detA hai| Ayurveda meM calitarasIya padArthoM kA sevana bhI varjita hai, vyAdhikAraka padArthoM ko bhI nahIM khAne kA Agraha kiyA gayA hai| binA chanA pAnI bhI varjita hai| uSNa kiye gaye pAnI kA sevana karanA sthAna-sthAna para kahA gayA hai| uSNa pAnI ke sambandha meM eka ghaTanA smaraNa ho AyI use likhane kA lobha saMvaraNa nahIM kara pA rahA huuN| ghaTanA isa prakAra hai jayapura rAjya ke pramukha cikitsAdhikArI, cIpha sarjana DaoN. durjanasiMhajI se mulAkAta huii| ve prAyaH apane rogiyoM ko kahA karate the ki 'tuma sarAvagI pAnI piyA karo', maiMne unheM eka dina pUcha hI liyA ki Apa sarAvagI pAnI kise kahate haiM? unhoMne kahA ki zAstrIjI sarAvagI hokara bhI Apa sarAvagI pAnI nahIM jaante| are ! maiM chAnakara jo pAnI garma kara liyA jAtA hai use sarAvagI pAnI kahatA huuN| jisa pAnI kA sevana ApakA sAdhu varga karatA hai vaha pAnI bahuta guNakAraka hai aura udara sambandhI aneka rogoM kA sabase bar3hA cikitsaka hai| ApakA sAdhu varga prAyaH kama hI bImAra par3atA hai, kyoMki ve zuddha AhAra-pAna karate haiN| zuddha AhAra-pAna hI ArogyatA kI jaDa hai| ataH merA itanA hI nivedana hai ki saMsAra meM isa samaya aneka prakAra kI bhayaMkara bImAriyAM cala rahI haiM unase bacane ke lie hI sahI hameM jainAcArA ko apane jIvana meM sthAna denA caahie| usake anusAra hamAre khAna-pAna, rahana-sahana kA DhaMga saMyamita hotA hai aura hama bhakSyAbhakSya kA viveka rakhate haiM to svastha raha sakate haiN| ******
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________________ anekAnta 68/4, akTU-disambara, 2015 sAmayika jvalanta samasyA para vizeSa..... sallekhanA : jaina dharma kI sarvocca sAdhanA, nA ki AtmahatyA - pro. phUlacanda 'premI' nidezaka, bI.ela. iMsTIcyuTa Apha iNDolaoNjI,naI dillI rAjasthAna ucca nyAyAlaya ke mukhya nyAyAdhIza nyAyamUrti sunIla ambavAnI evaM nyAyamUrti ajIta siMha kI khaNDapITha ne saMthArA (sallekhanA) prathA para roka lagAte hue aisA karane vAle ke khilApha bhAratIya daNDa saMhitA kI dhArA 306 ke antargata mAmalA darja karane ke nirdeza diye haiN| | prasannatA kI bAta hai ki mAnanIya saprIma korTa ne di. 31 agasta, 15 ko rAjasthAna ucca nyAyAlaya ke ukta nirNaya para 'sTe de diyA hai| saMthArA (sallekhanA) jainadharma kA eka mahattvapUrNa hissA hai| zravaNabelagolA ke pahAr3oM meM jaina AcAryoM ne, zramaNoM kI AtmasAdhanA kA pramANa vahA~ ke zilAlekhoM se patA calatA hai ki samrATa-candragupta maurya ne jainadharma kI dIkSA lekara svayaM sallekhanA (saMthArA) kiyA thaa| cAritra cakravartI AcArya zAntisAgara jI mahArAja ne 36 divasIya sallekhanA dhAraNa kara mahAprayANa kiyA thaa| AcArya vinobA bhAve ne aMtima samaya 155 ghaNTe kA saMthArA dhAraNa kiyA thaa| unhoMne Atma hatyA nahIM kI thii| sallekhanA (saMthArA) aura AtmahatyA meM bar3A maulika antara hai| AtmahatyAkrodha ke kAraNa, vAsanA va moha ke kAraNa, vyApAra meM bar3A nukasAna kisI priya ke viyoga, icchAe~ pUrI na hone se karatA hai| jabaki sallekhanAsamatA bhAvoM se, zarIra atyanta vRddha ho jAne se, asAdhya roga ho jAne se ratnatrayadharma ke paripAlanArtha, zarIra ko Atma-jAgaraNa pUrvaka tyAga karanA hai| isa saMbandha meM vidvAna lekhaka DaoN. premI jI kA Alekha ciMtanIya hai evaM sallekhanA para vizada prakAza DAla rahA hai| - saMpAdaka
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________________ anekAnta 68/4, akTU-disambara, 2015 jainadharma ne jIvana jIne kI kalA kI jo Adarza paddhati prastuta kI hai| usI prakAra usane mRtyu ko mahotsava banAkara durlabha mAnava jIvana ko sArthaka karane kI kalA sikhAne kI bhI Adarza paddhati prastuta kI hai| isa AdhAra para koI bhI manuSya apane samyaka puruSArtha dvArA jIvana aura mRtyu-ina donoM ko sArthaka banA sakatA hai| jaina sAdhanA paddhati meM jo saMyamamaya jIvana jIte haiM, ve isake pUrNa adhikArI banate haiM, kyoMki saMthArA-sallekhanA eka sAdhAraNa eka dina kI kriyA nahIM, apitu sampUrNa jIvana kI sAdhanA kI asAdhAraNa phalazruti aura sArthakatA hai| sallekhanA viSayaka sAhitya - ____ 'mRtyu-mahotsava' ke rUpa meM prasiddha sallekhanA, saMthArA yA samAdhimaraNa jaise ati mahatvapUrNa viSaya para jainAcAryoM ne kAphI kucha likhA hai| saMskRta, prAkRta, apabhraMza, kannaDa, tamila jaisI prAyaH sabhI prAcIna bhAratIya bhASAoM meM sallekhanA viSayaka jaina sAhitya vipula mAtrA meM upalabdha hai| ardhamAgadhI prAkRta ke Agama sAhitya ke sAtha hI do hajAra varSa pahale zaurasenI prAkRta bhASA meM zramaNAcAra viSayaka pramukha rUpa se sallekhanA, saMthArA aura samAdhimaraNa para bahuta prAcIna AcArya zivArya dvArA likhA gayA 'bhagavatI ArAdhanA' nAmaka bRhad graMtha zramaNAcAra paraka hone para bhI mukhyataH samAdhiAmaraNa viSaya kA sAMgopAMga vivecana karane vAlA graMtharAja hai| dUsarI-tIsarI zatAbdI ke AcArya vaTTakera dvArA praNIta mUlAcAra meM bhI samAdhimaraNa kA acchA vivecana hai| isI taraha tIsarI zatI ke AcArya samantabhadra svAmI viracita ratnakaraNDa zrAvakAcAra sahita prAyaH sabhI zrAvakAcAra aura zramaNAcAra "mRtyu-mahotsava" nAma ke bhI aneka laghugraMtha tathA samAdhimaraNa ke samaya sAdhaka ko sambodhana ke uddezya se likhI gaI aneka sphuTa racanAyeM bhI upalabdha haiN| paM. AzAdhara dvArA likhita sAgAradharmAmRta graMtha ke aSTama adhyAya meM isa viSaya kA sampUrNa aura sajIva citraNa kiyaa| paM. sadAsukhadAsa jI jaise aneka vidvAnoM ne bhI apane granthoM meM sallekhanA kI mahattA aura sArthakatA kA acchA vivecana prastuta kara, svayaM isakA svAnubhava karate hue jIvana ke anta meM samatAbhAva pUrvaka samAdhiAmaraNa dvArA apane jIvana ko sArthaka kiyaa| sallekhanA kA svarUpa evaM bheda -
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________________ anekAnta 68/4 akTU - disambara, 2015 sallekhanA kA zAbdika artha hai " samyagkAya kaSAyaH lekhanA sallekhanA / kAyasya bAhyAbhyantarANAM ca kaSAyANAM tatkAraNahAyanakrameNa samyak lekhanA sallekhanA arthAt acche prakAra se kAya (zarIra) aura kaSAya (krodha, mAna, mAyA aura lobha ) kA kramazaH lekhana arthAt kRza kSINa yA kama karanA sallekhanA hai| isa taraha bAhya aura bhItarI krodhAdi kaSAyoM kA (uttarottara kAya aura kaSAyoM ko puSTa karane vAle kAraNoM ko ghaTAte hue) bhale prakAra se lekhana karanA arthAt kRza karanA sallekhanA hai / isI ko samAdhimaraNa aura saMthArA bhI kahA gayA hai| yaha sallekhanA jIvana meM arjita samasta vratoM, tapoM aura saMyama kI rakSaka tathA ina sabhI kI sAdhanA hai, isIlie ise vratarAja bhI kahate haiN| 77 vastutaH sallekhanA zabda, sat-lekhanA ina do zabdoM ke saMyoga se banA hai| samyak prakAra ke kaSAya ko kSINa yA kRza karane ko sallekhanA kahate haiN| isake AbhyaMtara aura bAhya ye do bheda haiM kAya ke kuza karane ko bAhya sallekhanA aura antaraMga krodhAdi kaSAyoM ke kuza karane ko Abhyantara sallekhanA kahate haiN| -- kalazArohaNa kI taraha hai sallekhanA isa prakAra sallekhanA kAya (zarIra) aura kaSAya ke kRzIkaraNa- kramazaH kSINa karate rahane kI anupama sAdhanA hai jaise kisAna acchI phasala kI prApti hetu bIja bone se pUrva kheta meM hala dvArA jutAI karake jamIna ko polI karatA hai, vaise hI sallekhanA bhI kRzIkaraNa kI prakriyA hai ataH samyagdarzana, samyagjJAna, samyakcAritra rUpa ratnatraya, tapa, tyAga aura saMyamAdi guNoM ke dvArA hamane apanI bhAvanAoM ko jisa prakAra bhAvita pariplAvita kiyA hai| Ayu ke aMta meM anazanAdi vizeSa tapoM ke dvArA zarIra ko aura zrutarUpI amRta ke AdhAra para krodhAdi kaSAyoM ko kRza karane kI prakriyA ko sallekhanA kahA gayA hai| - jaina sAdhanA paddhati meM sallekhanA vrata yadyapi jIvana ke aMta meM dhAraNa kiyA jAtA hai, kintu usakI kAmanA, saMkalpa aura abhyAsa janma ke samaya se hI prAraMbha ho jAtA hai| apane navajAta zizu ko prathama jinendradarzana hetu zrAvaka utsava ke sAtha jaba maMdira le jAte haiM, taba vahA~ munirAja yA gRhasthAcArya vidvAn use ArzIvAda dete hue kahate haiM 'apamRtyuvinAzanaM bhavatu, samAdhirastu' arthAt apamRtyu se bacA rahe aura jIvana ke antima samaya
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________________ 78 anekAnta 68/4 akTU-disambara, 2015 samAdhipUrvaka maraNa prApta kare / sallekhanA - saMthArA sambandhI bhrama nivAraNa - jaina sAdhanA paddhati meM sAdhu aura zrAvaka apane saMyamamaya jIvana ke carama biMdu ke sannikaTa pahu~cakara samAdhipUrvaka mRtyu kA varaNa karane ke lie sallekhanA grahaNa karate haiM aura apane zarIra meM bacI-khucI zakti ko sAra tattva se khIMcakara mRtyu ko mahotsava banAne kA sArthaka prayAsa karate haiN| jIvana ke avaziSTa bahumUlya kSaNoM ko samagrarUpa se AdhyAtmika pravRttiyoM meM niyojita karane kA yaha sarvAdhika zreSTha upakrama hai| sallekhanA yA saMthArA kI gambhIratA aura mahattA ko na samajhane vAle kucha loga samajhate haiM ki isameM anna jala kA pUrI taraha tyAgakara balAt mRtyu ko prApta hote haiN| para yaha sahI nahIM hai| kyoMki aisA karanA to AtmahatyA hI kahalAyegA kintu jainadharma isakI kadApi AjJA nahIM detA, kyoMki jabataka AyuSya hai taba taka zuddha aura maryAdita AhAra grahaNa karate huye apanI saMyama sAdhanA aura dharma dhyAna karate hue Atmika vizuddhi ko prApta kara jIvana ke caturvidha AhAroM meM se kramaza: eka-eka AhAra ko kama karate hue antima kSaNoM meM bAhya AhAra Adi aura Antarika kaSAyoM Adi kA tyAgapUrvaka samAdhimaraNa ko prApta karanA saMthArA hai| paM. AzAdhAra ne sAgAradhArmAmRta (8/6) meM ThIka hI kahA hai svastha zarIra pathya, AhAra aura vihAra dvArA poSaNa karane yogya hai tathA rugNa zarIra yogya auSadhiyoM dvArA upacAra ke yogya hai| paraMtu yogya AhAra-vihAra athavA auSadhopacAra karate hue bhI zarIra para unakA anukUla asara na ho, to aisI sthiti meM sallekhanA pUrvaka zarIra ko chor3anA hI zreyaskara hai| - - sarvArthasiddhi (7/22) meM AcArya pUjyapAda ne sallekhanA ke mahatva aura AvazyakatA ko pratipAdita karate hue likhA " maraNa kisI ko iSTa nahIM hai| jaise aneka prakAra ke sone, cA~dI, bahumUlya vastroM Adi kA vyApAra karane vAle kisI ko bhI apane ghara kA vinAza kabhI bhI iSTa nahIM ho sktaa| yadi kadAcit usake vinAza kA koI (agni, bAr3ha Adi) kAraNa upasthita ho jAe to vaha usakI rakSA karane kA pUrA upAya karatA hai aura jaba rakSA kA upAya saphala hotA huA nahIM dekhatA hai to ghara meM rakhe hue una sonA-cA~dI
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________________ anekAnta 68/4, akTU-disambara, 2015 79 Adi bahumUlya padArthoM ko, jitanA saMbhava bane, vaise bacAtA hai tathA ghara ko naSTa hone detA hai| usI taraha vratazIlAdi guNaratnoM kA saMcaya karane vAlA vratI-mumukSu-gRhastha athavA sAdhu bhI una vratAdi guNaratnoM ke AdhArabhUta zarIra kI prANapraNa se sadA rakSA karatA hai, usakA vinAza use iSTa nahIM hotaa| yadi kadAcit zarIra meM rogAdi vinAza kA kAraNa upasthita ho jAe to unakA vaha pUrI zAMti ke sAtha parihAra karatA hai| lekina jaba zarIra meM asAdhya roga, azakya aura Akasmika upadrava Adi kI sthiti dekhatA hai aura zarIra kA bacanA asaMbhava samajhatA hai, to AtmaguNoM kI rakSA hetu kramazaH AhArAdi kA tyAga prItipUrvaka samabhAva se sallekhanApUrvaka zarIra kA tyAga karatA hai| kyoMki sAdhaka apane jIvana meM jaba yaha dekhatA hai ki usakI mana, vacana, aura kAya kI zakti kSINa ho rahI hai tathA jJAna, darzana aura cAritra ke guNoM kI abhivRddhi nahIM ho rahI hai, taba use maraNa abhipreta hotA hai| isakA phalitArtha yaha hai ki manuSya jaise jIne ke lie svataMtra hai, vaise vaha isa vidhi se marane ke lie bhI svataMtra hai| vastutaH muni apanI saMyama-yAtrA kA nirvahana karate-karate jaba yaha anubhava karane lage ki zarIra aura iMdriyoM kI hAni ho rahI hai, yoga kSINa ho rahe haiM, parAkrama ghaTa rahA hai aura svAdhyAya aura saMyama sAdhanA Adi meM bAdhA A rahI hai-taba vaha zarIra-tyAga kI taiyArI meM laga jaae| vaha soce mujhe jo karanA thA, maiM vaha kara cukA huuN| mujha para jo dAyitva thA, usakA maiMne ucita nirvAha kiyA hai| ataH aba mujhe sallekhanA grahaNa karanA caahie| ratnakaraNDazrAvakAcAra (123) meM AcArya samantabhadra kahate haiM-jIvana meM Acarita anazanAdika vividha tapoM kA phala aMta samaya gRhIta sallekhanA hai| ataH apanI pUrI zakti ke sAtha samAdhipUrvaka maraNa ke lie prayatna karanA caahie| kyoMki zarIra dhAraNa kA uddezya jJAna, darzana aura cAritra kI abhivRddhi hai| jaba vaha na ho sake to isa zarIra ko sallekhanA ke lie samarpita kara denA caahie| zramaNa kI taraha zrAvaka bhI apane maraNa ko sudhArane ke lie lAlAyita rahatA hai tathA zArIrika kRzatA kI sthiti meM sallekhanA ke mArga ko svIkAra
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________________ 80 anekAnta 68/4, akTU-disambara, 2015 karane kA icchuka bhI rahatA hai| vaha nahIM cAhatA ki zarIra kA tyAga rote-bilakhate, lar3ate-jhagar3ate, saMkleza pariNAma karate aura Arta-raudradhyAna tathA rAgadveSa kI bhaTTI meM jalate hue pramatta yA asAvadhAna yA behozI kI avasthA meM ho, inakI jagaha dRr3ha, zAMta, Atmastha aura sarala pariNAmoM ke sAtha vivekapUrNa 'apramatta evaM jAgRta' sthiti meM vIravRtti arthAt vIratA ke sAtha samAdhimaraNa pUrvaka usakA pArthiva zarIra chuutte| isa mahAn lakSya kI saMprApti meM sallekhanA dhAraNapUrvaka mRtyu hI mahotsava kI avadhAraNA ko puSTa karatI hai| sallekhanA dhAraNa kI paristhitiyA~ - AcArya samantabhadra ne ratnakaraNDazrAvakAcAra (122) meM kahA hai - upasarge durbhikSe jarasi rujAyAM ca niHprtiikaare| dharmAya tanuvimocanamAhuH sllekhnaamaaryaaH|| arthAt jisake pratikAra (nivAraNa) kA koI upAya nahIM ho, aise upasarga, durbhikSa, bur3hApA aura asAdhya roga ke upasthita hone para jIvana meM paripAlita dharma (zraddhA, jJAna aura AcAra) kI rakSA ke lie zarIra kA vidhi pUrvaka tyAga karanA sallekhanA yA samAdhimaraNa hai| sAdhaka apane jIvana meM sarvaprathama yaha dekhatA hai ki hamAre zarIra aura AtmA - ina donoM meM se kauna nazvara aura kauna zAzvata hai? merA bhalA kisameM nihita hai? aisI sthiti meM nazvara zarIra kI apekSA sAdhaka zAzvata AtmA aura usake kalyANa ko hI sarvAdhika mahatva ucita samajhatA hai| paM0 AzAdhAra ne sAgAradharmAmRta (8/7) meM kahA hai nAvazyaM nAzine hiMsyo dharmo dehAya kaamdH| deho naSTaH dunarlabhyo dhrmstvtyntdurlbhH|| arthAt avazya naSTa hone vAle zarIra ke lie icchita phaladAyaka dharma kA nAza nahIM kiyA jAnA caahie| kyoMki zarIra naSTa ho jAne para to punaH dUsarA zarIra mila sakatA hai, kintu dharma kA punaH milanA atyanta durlabha hai| ataH apane saMyamamaya jIvana ko sArthaka banAne hetu pratyeka sAdhu aura zrAvaka ke lie samAdhimaraNa kI prApti hetu sajaga aura prayatnazIla rahanA apekSita hai| kyoMki AtmA aura zarIra ko bhinna-bhinna (judA-judA) mAnane aura jAnane vAle arthAt bhedavijJAna kI sAdhanA karane vAle jJAnI puruSa mAtra viSaya kaSAya
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________________ 81 anekAnta 68/4, akTU-disambara, 2015 kI bAhya poSaka vastuoM ko hI nahIM, apitu apane zarIra ko bhI apanA nahIM kintu ise baMdhana mAnate haiN| ata: usake chor3ane meM unheM duHkha kI jagaha Ananda prApta hotA hai| ve ratnatraya tathA saMyama-sAdhanA ko hI sarvopari mAnate haiN| ataH inakI rakSArtha isa nazvara zarIra kA tyAga rUpa mRtyu bhI mahotsava bana jAtI hai| paM0 AzAdhAra ne sAgAradharmAmRta (8/13-16, 18, 40) meM kahA hai ki- "janma, maraNa, bur3hApA aura roga- ye saba zarIra ke hI hote haiM, AtmA ke kadAcit nhiiN| ataH yaha zarIra merA koI nahIM-isa prakAra zarIra ke prati mUrchA rahita honA caahie| sAdhaka upavAsAdika sAdhya tapoM ke dvArA zarIra ko zAstropadeza rUpI amRta se kaSAyoM ko kRza karake caturvidha saMgha (muni, AryikA, zrAvaka evaM zrAvikA) ke samakSa (suyogya niryApagAcArya kI sannidhi meM) samAdhimaraNa ke lie udyamI hove| kyoMki cirakAla se ArAdhita dharma bhI maraNa samaya meM virAdhita hotA huA kila ho jAtA hai, arthAt usakI sampUrNa ArAdhanA niSphala ho jAtI hai| kintu yadi mRtyu ke samaya dharma sadha jAve to prANI ke cirakAla se upArjita pApoM kA vinAza bhI saMbhava hai| sallekhanA-saMthArA grahaNa kI vidhi - jaina sAdhanA paddhati ke anusAra koI sAdhaka asamaya meM mRtyu ko nimaMtraNa nahIM detA, parantu jaba saMyamapUrvaka jIne kA anya koI upAya zeSa na rahe to apane saMyama kI rakSArtha zarIra kA moha chor3akara AtmalIna ho jAtA hai| yaha aisA hI hai jaise hama apanI koI priyavastu pheMkanA nahIM cAhate, parantu hamArI naukA bhArI hokara nadI meM DUbane lage to bahumUlya vastu ko bacAne ke lie hama alpamUlya vAlI vastuoM ko tatkAla nadI meM pheMka dete haiN| sallekhanA meM bhI jIvana kI nAva DUbate samaya saMyama-sAdhanA jaisI durlabha aura bahumUlya nidhi ko bacAne ke lie sAdhaka zarIra jaisI tuccha vastu kA moha tyAga detA hai| vaha mRtyu ko mAtA ke samAna upakArI mAnatA hai| kyoMki mRtyu hI jIrNa-zIrNa zarIra se chuDAkara hameM nayA zarIra prApta karAtI hai| AcArya samantabhadra ne isI sambandha meM Age kahA hai ki sallekhanA dhAraka ko sabase pahale iSTa vastuoM se rAga, aniSTa vastuoM se dveSa, strI-putrAdi priyajanoM se mamatva aura dhanAdi meM svAmitva kI buddhi ko chor3akara pavitra mana honA caahie| usake bAda
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________________ anekAnta 68/4, akTU-disambara, 2015 apane parivAra aura apane se saMbaMdhita vyaktiyoM ke prati jIvana meM hue aparAdhoM ko priyavacana bolakara sabase kSamA yAcanA karake aura dUsaroM ko bhI kSamA karake, apane aMta:karaNa ko niSkaSAya bnaae| sabhI se kSamAyAcanA karanA tathA svayaM bhI mana, vacana aura kAyapUrvaka sabako kSamA kara denA, Atmodaya kI dRSTi se uttamottama kArya haiN| aMta samaya meM kSamA karane vAlA saMsAra kA pAragAmI hotA hai aura vaira-virodha rakhane vAlA arthAta kSamA dharma ko na apanAne vAlA jIva anaMta saMsArI hotA hai| sallekhanA meM saMlagna sAdhaka ko na to zIghra maraNa kI kAmanA karanA cAhie aura na adhika jIne kI AkAMkSA ho| use to apanI ajara-amara AtmA ke anubhava meM aisA lIna ho jAnA cAhie ki vaha jIvana aura maraNa ke vikalpoM se bahuta Upara uTha jaaye| usake lie ina donoM meM koI vizeSa antara na raha jaae| AcArya samantabhadra ne (ratnakaraNDa. - 123 meM) ThIka hI kahA hai - antakriyAdhikaraNaM tapaHphalaM sakaladarzinaH stuvte| tasmAdyAvadvibhavaM samAdhimaraNe prytitvym|| arthAt jIvana ke aMta meM samAdhi kA AlaMbana lekara zarIra kA tyAga karanA hI jIvana meM kI gaI tapasyA kA phala hai, jise muni aura gRhastha sabhI ko samAna rUpa se apanAnA cAhie aura zaktibhara pUrNa prayatna kara samAdhimaraNa karane kA avasara cUkanA nahIM caahie| __AcArya amRtacanda ne puruSArthasiddhayupAya (176) meM kahA hai - "maiM maraNa ke samaya avazya vidhipUrvaka samAdhimaraNa kruuNgaa| isa prakAra bhAvanA rUpa pariNati karake maraNakAla Ane se pahale hI sallekhanA vrata aMgIkAra karanA caahie|" A. sakalakIrti ne bhI kahA hai - dhIratvena satAM mRtyu, kAtaratvena caMd bhvet| kAtaratvaM batAttyaktvA dhIratve maraNaM vrm|| mRtyu dhIratA se bhI prApta hotI hai aura kAtaratA (dInatA) se bhI prApta hotI hai, taba kAtaratA ko sAhasa ke sAtha chor3akara dhIratApUrvaka maraNa karanA zreSTha hai| jainakavi paM. dInadayAla jI ne kahA hai -
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________________ anekAnta 68/4, akTU-disambara, 2015 samyaktvI soce yahI, mRtyu mahotsava caMd maan| mRtyu bina sukha na mile, kyoM na mahotsava jaan|| zrAvaka ko isa bAta kA vicAra sadaiva karanA cAhie ki maiM apane maraNa-samaya avazya sallekhanA dhAraNa karU~gA, kyoMki maraNa samaya prAyaH manuSyoM ke pariNAma bahuta saMklezapUrNa ho jAte haiM tathA kuTuMbIjanoM va dhanAdi se mamatvabhAva nahIM chUTa paataa| jisakA mamatvabhAva chUTa jAtA hai, usI ke sallekhanA hotI hai| samAdhimaraNa vahI prApta kara sakatA hai, jo prAraMbha se hI dharma kI ArAdhanA meM sAvadhAna rahA hai| kadApi aisA bhI saMbhava hai ki kisI ne yAvajjIvana dharmArAdhanA meM citta na lagAyA ho, kiMtu aMtakAla meM apUrva viveka kA bala prApta kara samAdhimaraNa kara le, kiMtu yaha kAkatAlIya nyAyavat atyaMta kaThina hai| jaise tAr3avRkSa se acAnaka phala TUTakara ur3ate hue kaue ke mukha meM vaha phala prApta ho jAnA kaThina hai, vaise hI saMskArahIna jIvana meM samAdhimaraNa pAnA dussAdhya hai| sAmAnya niyama yahI hai ki - "ciraMtanAbhyAsa nibaMdhAneritA guNeSu doSeSu ca jAyate matiH" arthAt cirakAla ke abhyAsa se prerita buddhi hI guNa athavA doSoM meM jAtI hai| isalie hara manuSya ko apanA sampUrNa jIvana dharmArAdhanA meM lagAkara aMtima sallekhanA aura samAdhimaraNa kI bhaktipUrvaka sadA bhAvanA karanI caahie| zarIra tyAga ke prakAra - jaina zAstroM meM zarIra kA tyAga tIna taraha se batAyA gayA hai - 1. cyuta - svataH Ayu pUrNa hone para zarIra chUTatA hai, vaha cyuta kahalAtA hai| 2. cyAvita - jo viSa-bhakSaNa, zastrAghAta, saMkleza, agnidAha, jalapraveza Adi nimitta kAraNoM se zarIra chor3A jAtA hai, vaha cyAvita kahalAtA hai| 3. tyakta - jo rogAdi ke ho jAne para aura unakI asAdhayatA evaM maraNakAla meM sallekhanA yA anazanapUrvaka zarIra chor3A jAtA hai, vaha tyakta kahalAtA hai| zarIra tyAga ke ina tIna bhedoM meM tRtIya tyaphra-zarIratyAga ko sarvazreSTha mAnA gayA hai| ise hI samAdhimaraNa yA vIramaraNa kahate haiN| kyoMki tyaphra avasthA meM AtmA pUrNatayA jAgRta evaM sAvadhAna rahatA hai tathA use koI saMkleza paidA nahIM hotaa|
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________________ 84 anekAnta 68/4 akTU- disambara, 2015 tattvArtharAjavArtika (bhakhA akalaMkadeva kRta) ke pratikSaNa jo Ayu Adi 1. nitya maraNa maraNa ke bheda anusAra maraNa ke do prakAra haiM kA hrAsa hotA rahatA hai, vaha nitya maraNa hai| - 2. tadbhava maraNa zarIra kA samUla nAza ho jAnA tadbhava maraNa hai| nityamaraNa to niraMtara hotA rahatA hai, usakA AtmapariNAmoM para koI vizeSa prabhAva nahIM pdd'taa| para zarIrAMta rUpa jo tadbhava maraNa hai usakA kaSAyoM evaM viSaya vAsanAoM kI nyUnAdhikatA ke anusAra Atma pariNAmoM para acchA yA burA prabhAva avazya par3atA hai| isa tadbhava maraNa ko sudhArane aura acchA banAne ke lie sallekhanA kI jAtI hai| - kSetra, bhagavatI ArAdhanA ke kartA AcArya zivArya ke zabdoM meM "sallekhanA ke lie vahI tapa yA usakA vahI krama aMgIkAra karanA cAhie jo dravya, kAla aura zarIra dhAtu ke anukUla ho| kyoMki sAmAnyataH sallekhanA kA jo krama batalAyA gayA hai, vahI krama rahe aise ekAnta niyama meM sAdhaka ko pratibaddhatA ho sakatI hai| ataH jisa prakAra zarIra kA kramazaH sallekhanA ( tanUkaraNa) ho, vahI prakAra aMgIkAra karanA ucita hai| sallekhanA se anaMta saMsAra ke kAraNabhUta kaSAyoM kA Avega upazAMta athavA kSINa ho jAtA hai tathA janma maraNa kA cakra bahuta hI kama ho jAtA hai| sallekhanA meM sahayogiyoM kI bhUmikA kA mahattva - 1 sallekhanA ke samaya guru, AcArya aura saMgha Adi ke sahayoga kI bhUmikA bar3A mahattva rakhatI hai| ataH sAdhAka ko bhItara ke Avega aura kAluSya ko miTAkara sallekhanA dhAraka ko uttama sAdhaka dharmAtmAoM kI sahAyatA lenI cAhie, kyoMki sAdharmI tathA guru Adi kI sahAyatA se azubha karma yA anyAnya tatva vighna utpanna nahIM kara paate| sAdhaka ko cAhie ki vrata ke aticAroM (doSoM) ko sAdharmikoM athavA AcArya ke sammukha prakaTa karake niHzalya hokara pratikramaNa, prAyazcita Adi vidhiyoM se doSoM kA zodhana kre| kyoMki jJAta doSoM kA prAyazcita aura ajJAta doSoM kI AlocanA karane vAlA nirbhAra (niHzalya) ho jAtA hai| sallekhanA dhAraka apane jIvana meM kie karAe aura anumodita (kRta, kArita aura anumodana se) samasta hiMsAdi pApoM ko nizchala bhAva se AlocanA (kheda prakAzana) kare tathA mRtyuparyaMta mahAvratoM kA apane meM punarAropaNa kre|
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________________ anekAnta 68/4 akTU - disambara, 2015 isake sAtha hI zoka, bhaya, kheda, glAni aura AkulatA ko bhI chor3a de tathA bala evaM utsAha ko jAgRta karake Agama vacanoM dvArA mana ko prasanna rkhe| sallekhanA ke sAtha vartamAna yA AgAmI bhava kI kisI bhautika kAmanAoM kI pUrti ko nahIM jor3anA caahie| sallekhanAdhAraka kI saMsAra ke kisI bhogopabhoga kI yA iMdrAdi pada prApti ke lie rAga aura aprApti ke lie dveSa jaisI jaghanya icchAeM bhI nahIM honI caahie| usake bhItara sirpha samAdhipUrvaka pUrNa jAgratAvasthA meM deha - mukti kI hI bhAvanA rahanI caahie| isI sAdhya ke lie usane jIvana bhara vrata - saMyama - tapAdi ke pAlana kA ghora prayatna kiyA hai| aura aMtima samaya meM bhI vaha usa prayatna se cUkanA nahIM cAhatA hai / sallekhanA kI sampUrNa prakriyA ke saMbaMdha meM aneka jaina zAstroM meM vistRta aura vizad vivecana upalabdhA hai / sallekhanA kI rakSA ke upAya vastutaH nazvara se zAzvata vastu kA lAbha ho to kauna vivekI puruSa use chor3ane ko taiyAra hogA ? ataeva sallekhanA dhArakoM ko nimnalikhita pA~ca doSoM se svayaM ko bacAnA cAhie - 85 1. jIvana kI AzaMsA 2. maraNa kI AzaMsA 3. mitra ke prati anurAga 4. bhukta bhogoM kI smRti aura 5. AgAmI bhava meM acche bhogoM kI prApti kI kAmanA / sallekhanA kAla meM ina pA~ca viSayoM kI AkAMkSA kadAcit bhI nahIM karanA caahie| ina doSoM ke cintana se sallekhanA bigar3a sakatI hai| ataH sAdhaka bar3I sAvadhAnIpUrvaka inase bacate hue AtmadhyAna meM lIna rhe| sallekhanA AtmaghAta ( AtmahatyA) nahIM hai - kucha bhautikavAdI vidvAn jinheM kisI dharma ke kisI bhI AcAra vizeSa ke marma yA uddezya kI gaharAI samajhane kI ursata nahIM, aise loga isa jIvana kI uccatama sAdhanA rUpa sallekhanA yA samAdhimaraNa ko AtmahatyA jaisA jaghanyakRtya taka kahane se nahIM cuukte| kintu AtmahatyA ko kAyaratApUrNa ghRNita kArya kArya batalAne vAlA aura ahiMsA ko sarvocca dharma (AcAra) yA prANa mAnane vAle jainadharma ke kisI bhI sAdhanA pakSa se kalpanA kaise kI jA sakatI hai ki usameM hiMsA kA lezamAtra nihita ho ?
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________________ anekAnta 68/4 akTU - disambara, 2015 ahiMsA kA sampUrNatA se pAlana karane ke lie jainadharma meM, loka pracalita kicit bhI hiMsaka, mithyA evaM pAkhaNDa yukta aneka mAnyatAoM, matoM aura siddhAntoM Adi ko pUrI taraha nakArA gayA hai, cAhe isake kAraNa use kitanI hI upekSA, apamAna kaThinAIyoM yA vipattiyoM kA sAmanA bhale hI karanA par3A ho, kintu jainadharma ne ahiMsA siddhAnta ke paripAlana aura pratipAdana kI dRr3hatA meM kicit bhI chUTa nahIM dii| taba phira sallekhanA jaisI durlabha aura pavitra sAdhanA meM AtmahatyA jaise hiMsaka, kAyaratApUrNa jaghanya kRtya kI mAnyatA yA bhAvanA yahA~ kaise nihita ho sakatI hai ? 86 jIvana kA anta donoM sthitiyoM meM hai kintu sallekhanA aura AtmaghAta donoM meM jamIna AsamAna jaisA antara hai| AtmahatyA vaha vyakti karatA hai, jo paristhitiyoM se utpIr3ita hai, udvigna hai, jisakI manokAmanAyeM pUrNa nahIM huI haiM, vaha saMgharSoM se Ubakara jIvana se palAyana karanA cAhatA hai| AtmaglAni, Avega, hatAzA, dveSabhAva, pIr3A, krodhAdi manovikAra jaise vividha kAraNoM se koI kAyara vyakti hI AtmahatyA karatA hai, kintu sallekhanA kI sAdhanA binA kisI AkAMkSA ke nirvikAra mana se saMyama sAdhanA ke bhAvoM se vIratApUrvaka svIkAra kI jAtI hai| sallekhanA aMgIkAra karane vAlA koI sAdhaka asamaya meM mRtyu AmaMtrita nahIM karatA, kintu sAdhaka ko jaba apanI Ayu kA aMta nikaTa dikhatA hai athavA pratikAra na kiye jAne vAlI koI ThIka na hone vAlI zArIrika vyAdhi jaisI pratikUla sthiti utpanna ho gaI ho, taba vaha bhedavijJAna pUrvaka, kramazaH cAra prakAra AhAra ke tyAgapUrvaka sallekhanA kI sAdhanA karatA hai| isameM bhI use jIvana yA maraNa kI AkAMkSA Adi pUrvokta pA~ca doSoM se rahita honA anivArya hai, tabhI usakI sallekhanA saphala hotI hai| sAgAradharmAmRta (8/8) meM kahA hai na cAtmaghAto "stivratakSatau vapurupekSituH / kaSAyAvezataH prANAn viSAdyauhiMsataH sa hi // - arthAt saMyama sAdhanA meM grahaNa kiye hue vratoM ke vinAza kA kAraNa upasthita hone para zarIra kI upekSA karane vAle ke AtmaghAta kA prasaMga nahIM hotA, kyoMki vaha AtmaghAta kaSAya ke Aveza se, viSa Adika se prANoM ko naSTa karane vAle vyakti ke hI hotA hai| ******
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________________ anekAnta 68/4, akTU-disambara, 2015 pAThakoM ke patra ..... patra naM. 1 AdaraNIya paMDita jI, ApakA kRpA patra milA, yaha jAnakara prasannatA huI ki 'anekAnta' kA akTU.-disa. 2015 kA aMka "jainadharma aura Ayurveda" vizeSAMka ke rUpa meM prakAzita kiyA jA rahA hai| isa sambandha meM maiM kucha sujhAva evaM jAnakAriyA~ bheja rahA huuN| jainadharma aura Ayurveda jaise viSaya para kisI jaina-ajaina vidvAna ne gaMbhIra ciMtana pUrvaka lekhanI calAI ho aisA merI dRSTi meM philahAla nahIM hai| pUrva meM muni kAntisAgara jI ne kucha likhA thaa| jainAcAryoM dvArA likhita Ayurveda ke graMtha dakSiNa bhArata ke graMtha bhaNDAroM meM pANDulipi ke rUpa meM surakSita haiM aisI jAnakArI prApta huI thii| jaise dharmasthala ke pustakAlaya meM pUjyapAda svAmI dvArA racita Ayurveda ke graMtha mUDabidrI ke jainamaTha meM cArUkIrti jI svAmI ke vyaktigata saMgraha meM kundAkundAcArya dvArA racita vaidyagAhA (vaidyagAthA), isI prakAra pallapA zAstrI baMgalaura ke vyaktigata saMgraha meM vaidyaka graMtha 'amRtanandina' dvArA racita akArAdi nighaNTu aadi| san 1946 meM madrAsa vizvavidyAlaya dvArA kannar3a sIrija ke aMtargata kavi maMgarAja dvArA racita vizvavijJAna kA graMtha 'khagendramaNidarpaNa' mudrita prakAzita kiyA gayA thaa| jisakI pratiyAM dakSiNa ke aneka pustakAlaya meM surakSita haiN| yaha graMtha kannar3a lipi meM racita hai kintu bhASA saMskRta hai (pRsstth-350)| eka graMtha udayapura meM pro. DaoN. udayacanda jaina pIyukujja udayapura ke pAsa bhI hai- jonnipaahudd| jisakA saMpAdana, prakAzana bhI inhoMne kiyA hai| zrI samaMtabhadra svAmI dvArA racita 'siddhAntarasAyanakalpa' kI jAnakArI prApta huI hai| jo baMgalaura ke kisI jyotiSa vidvAna ke pAsa saMrakSita hai| isa viSaya meM zodha anusandhAna kI apAra saMbhAvanAe~ haiN| ApakI kRpA ke lie aabhaarii| ApakA AcArya rAjakumAra jaina (AyurvedAcArya, darzanAcArya, sAhityAyurveda zAstrI), rAjIva kAmpaleksa ke pIche, iTArasI-461111 (ma.pra.)
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________________ anekAnta 68/4, akTU-disambara, 2015 patra naM. 2 'anekAnta' jaina vidyA evaM prAkRta vAD.maya meM sanniviSTa zodha-khoja ke vividha pakSoM ko samIkSA siddhAnta ke mAnakoM para yathAvat prastuta kara rahA hai| Apa sampAdana meM vAD.maya ke vividha pakSoM ko udAra dRSTi se samyakta-atha ca abhiSikta karate hue prastuta karate haiN| etadartha anekAzaH bdhaaiyaaN| ApakI isa patrikA meM 'yugavIra guNAkhyAna' ke sthAyI-stambha kI zurUAta bahuta acchI pahala hai| isake mAdhyama se Apa zodha-saMsAra ko yaha sandeza bhI pahu~cA rahe haiM ki'na hita kRtamupakAraM sAdhavo vismrnti|' -pro. DaoN. bhAgacandra jaina 'bhAgendu', 28, saroja sadana, sarasvatI kAlonI, damoha (ma.pra.) 470661 patra kra.3 mAnya sampAdaka jI- 'anekAnta' vigata 3-4 varSoM se, vIra sevA maMdira-zodha saMsthAna kI pratinidhipatrikA 'anekAnta' zodha traimAsikI niyamita mila rahI hai, jisase vIra sevA mandira kI gatividhiyoM se bhI jur3a gayA huuN| yaha jAnakara hArdika prasannatA huI ki anekAnta aMka 68/3 (ju.-sita. 15) se 'yugavIra-guNAkhyAna' nAma se sthAyI stambha zurU kiyA gayA hai, jo paM. jugalakizora 'mukhtAra' sAhaba kA vIra sevA maMdira ko diye yazasvI avadAna kA mUlyAMkana va unheM saccI zraddhAJjali hai| 'merI bhAvanA' jaisI amara kRti racakara unhoMne apanA nAma bhI amara kara liyaa| anekAnta meM prakAzita Alekha jainadarzana kA jJAna karAne meM dIpa-stambha hai| aneka badhAI evaM sampAdaka DaoN. jayakumAra jaina va mere mitra saMpAdaka maNDala sadasya paM. nihAlacaMda jaina ko bahuta-bahuta saadhuvaad| - esa. sI. jaina, saMyukta kalekTara (se.ni.), zAMti vihAra kAlonI, makaroniyA, sAgara-470 004
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________________ anekAnta 68/4, akTU-disambara, 2015 80 Avazyaka sUcanA 'anekAnta' ke lie, zodhAlekha bhejate samaya vidvAna-lekhaka nimnAMkita bAtoM para dhyAna deMge :(1) zodhAlekha jainadharma/darzana se sambandhita ho, parantu vivAdaspada na ho| usakI maulikatA kA evaM anyatra kahIM prakAzita na hone kA pramANapatra sva-hastAkSara sahita saMlagna kreN| (2) 'anekAnta' zodha-traimAsikI kA uddezya- jaina vidyA ke vibhinna viSayoM meM zodha-pravRtti ko protsAhita karanA tathA jainadharmAnurAgI AvAla-bRddha pAThakoM ke lie sarala evaM bodhagamya zailI meM aise lekhoM kA prakAzana karanA hai jo janamAnasa meM AcAra-vicAra ko U~cA uThAne meM sahAyaka bneN| (3) vIra sevA maMdira 'anekAnta' kA prakAzana vigata 68 varSoM se ho rahA hai| isake vartamAna svarUpa meM aura kyA parivartana lAyA jA sakatA hai, isa sambandha meM prabuddha pAThaka evaM vidvAnoM ke sujhAva sAdara AmaMtrita kiye jAte haiM, tAki ise aura adhika lokapriya banAyA jA ske| (4) vidvAnoM dvArA bheje gaye zodha-Alekha svIkRta hone ke pazcAt prakAzita hone meM 6 mAha se 1 varSa taka kA samaya laga sakatA hai| asvIkRta lekhoM kI sUcanA isa kAryAlaya se Apako yathAsamaya bheja dI jAtI hai| (5) 'yugavIra guNAkhyAna' stambha ke lie vidvAna lekhakoM se anurodha hai ki ve paM. jugalakizora 'mukhtAra jI ke saMbandha meM saMsmaraNa unake graMthoM kI samIkSA Adi sAragarbhita vicAra likhakara bheja sakate haiN| - sampAdaka evaM sampAdaka maNDala ke AdezAnusAra
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________________ 90 gaI : anekAnta 68/4, akTU-disambara, 2015 graMtha ke samIkSA ke subhASA mArga, dariyAgaMja, nayI aMtargata-prApti svIkAra dillI-2, dUsarA saMskaraNa-2006, mUlya : 175 ruupye| vIra sevA maMdira ko nimnAMkita 25 (5) hamArA kSitija (puraskRta kathA sAhityika- kitAbeM sAhitya viduSI ' kRti), lekhaka-sudhAkara adIba, zrImatI prabhA jI, 7 aMsArIroDa, prakAzaka- sulabha prakAzana, 17 dariyAgaMja naI dillI dvArA pradatta kI azoka mArga, lakhanaU-226001, saMskaraNa-2009, mUlya : 100 ruupye| (1) haimabaragara (upanyAsa) lekhaka- / (6) mur3a-mur3ake dekhatA hU~ kamala kumAra, prakAzaka hindA buka (AtmakathA) lekhaka-rAjendra yAdava. seMTara, 4/5bI, AsaphaalI roDa, naI prakAzaka-rAjakamala prakAzana prA. li. dillI-2, prathama saMskaraNa- 1996, nayI dillI-2, prathama mUlya 120 rupye| saMskaraNa-2001, mUlya : 195 ruupye| (2) ajanabI jajIrA (upanyAsa), (7) khAnA badoza (Atma kathA)le khiAkA- nAsirA zarmA, sAhitya akAdamI dvArA puraskRta, prakAzaka-loka bhAratI prakAzana-nayI ne le khAka-ajIta kaura, killA-2, na. 1, natIjA sumAyA prakAzaka-kitAbaghara, prakAzana-nayI mArga, dariyAgaMja, nayA dillI. prathama saMskaraNa-2008, mUlyaH dillI-110002, prathama saMskaraNa - 150 ruupye| 2012, mUlya : 300rupye| (8) oNbjekzana mI lArDa (3) ukAva (upanyAsa), lekhaka- / - (upanyAsa) lekhikA-nirmalA kSitija zarmA, prakAzaka-kitAbaghara , ra bhurAr3iyA, prakAzaka- sAmayika prakAzana, 24, aMsArI roDa, dariyAgaMja, prakAzana, netAjI subhASa mArga, nayI dillI-2, saMskaraNa-2010, dariyAgaMja, nayI dillI-2, prathama mUlya: 250rupye| saMskaraNa-2008, mUlya : 120 ruupye| (4) naMgAtalAI kA gA~va 4 (9) jammU- jo kabhI zahara thA (smRti-AkhyAna) lekhaka-vizvanAtha / (upanyAsa), lekhikA-padmA sacadeva, tripAThI, prakAzaka-rAjakamala prakAzaka-bhAratIya jJAnapITha, 18, prakAzana prA. li., 1-bI, netAjI
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________________ anekAnta 68/4, akTU-disambara, 2015 1 insTI. eriyA, lodI roDa, nayI mUlya : 60 ruupye| dillI-3, prathama saMskaraNa-2003, (15) kalama hue hAtha (15 mUlya : 150 ruupye| kahAniyA~-balarAma jI) lekhaka(10) giligaDu (upanyAsa), balarAma, prakAzaka-bhAvanA prakAzana, lekhikA- citrA mudagala, prakAzaka- 109e, paTapar3agaMja, dillI-91, sAmayika prakAzana, dariyAgaMja, nayI saMskaraNa- 2006, mUlya : 150 ruupye| dillI-2, prathama saMskaraNa-2002, (16) DaoN kyU DrAmA tathA anya mUlya : 150 ruupye| kahAniyAM, lekhaka-rameza upAdhyAya, (11) AdamI svarga meM (upanyAsa) prakAzaka-zabda saMdhAna, pazcima lekhikA- viSNu nAgara, prakAzaka- vihAra, nayI dillI-63, prathama sAmayika prakAzana, dariyAgaMja, nayI saMskaraNa-2006, mUlya : 160 ruupye| dillI-2, prathama saMskaraNa-2007, (17) pratinidhi kahAniyA~ (10 mUlya : 150 ruupye| pratinidhi kahAniyA), (12) mahAbhAratI (dropadI ke mahAna lekhAka-rAmadaraza mizra, caritra para kendrita upanyAsa), prakAzaka-kitAbaghara prakAza, aMsArI lekhikA- citrA caturvedI 'kArttikA', roDa, dariyAgaMja, nayI dillI-2, prathama prakAzaka-bhAratIya jJAnapITha, lodI saMskaraNa-2005, mUlya : 125 ruupye| roDa, nayI dillI-3, punarnavA (18) carcita kahAniyAM, saMskaraNa-2003, mUlya : 250 ruupye| lekhaka-mahIpasiMha,prakAzaka-sAmayika (13) sAgara taTa ke zahara (kahAnI prakAzana, dariyAgaMja, nayI dillI-2, saMgraha) lekhaka-himAMzu jozI, saMskaraNa-2005, mUlya : 100 ruupye| prakAzaka- bhAratIya jJAnapITha, nayI (19) tIlI tIlI Aga (kahAnI dillI-3, prathama saMskaraNa-2008, saMgraha), lekhaka-zarada siMha, mUlya : 90 ruupye| prakAzaka- sunIla sAhitya sadana, (14) nirvAsana (kahAnI saMgraha), dariyAgaMja nayI dillI-2, prathama lekhikA-urmilA zirISa, prakAzaka- saMskaraNa-2003, mUlya : 150 rupye| bhAratIya jJAnapITha, lodI roDa, nayI (20) kahata kabIra (vyaMgya-saMgraha), dillI-3, prathama saMskaraNa-2003, lekhAka-harizaMkara parasAI,
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________________ anekAnta 68/4, akTU-disambara, 2015 prakAzaka-jJAna bhAratI, rUpanagara, prakAzaka-rAjapala eNDa saMsa, dillI-7,prathama saMskaraNa-1988, kazmIrI geTa, dillI-6, prathama mUlya : 35 ruupye| saMskaraNa-2000, mUlya : 125 rupye| (21) premacanda ke phaTe jUte (vyaMgya saMgraha), lekhaka-harizaMka parasAI, (24) spaMdita pratibimba (kavitA prakAzaka-bhAratIya jJAnapITha, nayI saMgraha) lekhaka-amaranAtha 'amara', dillI-3, tIsarA saMskaraNa-2004, prakAzaka- kitAbaghara prakAzana, nayI mUlya : 90 rupye| dillI-2, prathama saMskaraNa-2002, (22) apanA ghara (cunI huI mUlya : 150 rupye| kavitAe~) lekhaka-muni kSamAsAgara, prakAzaka- bhAratIya jJAnapITha, nayI (25) AvAja bhI eka jagaha hai, dillI-2, pahalA saMskaraNa-2005, lekhAka-maMgaleza DabarAla, mUlya : 65 ruupye| prakAzaka-vANI prAkazana, nayI (23) eka Tukar3A baMsata (kavitA dillI-2, dvitIya saMskaraNa-2004, saMgraha), lekhaka-kanhaiyAlAla naMdana, mUlya : 100 rupye| grantha-samIkSA bhaviSyadatta kAvya (mahAkavi vibudha zrIdhara kRta) sampAdana evaM anuvAda- pro. DaoN. rAjArAma jaina DI. liTa prakAzaka- zrI bhA. di. jaina (dharma saMrakSiNI) mahAsabhA khaNDelavAla jaina maMdira parisara, 5 rAjA bAjAra kanATa plesa, naI dillI-1, prathama saMskaraNa- 2015, mUlya 900rupaye, pRSTha-344 ukta grantha abhI taka aprakAzita thaa| jIrNa-zIrNa durlabha pANDulipi se isakA sampAdana va anuvaad| prathamAnuyoga- sAhitya kI zailI meM, samIkSAtmaka prastAvanA (lagabhaga 20 pRSThoM) sahita ukta grantha, rASTrapati sammAna puraskAra (2000I.) se puraskRta DaoN. rAjArAma jI ne rUpAyita kiyaa| pandraha sargoM meM bhaviSya datta kI kathA- 1513 saMskRta zlokoM meM nibaddha hai| grantha ke anta meM zabdAnukramaNikA (18 pRSThoM) mahattvapUrNa haiM grantha paThanIya tathA kathA-vasta sarala bodhagamya zailI meM hai|
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________________ anekAnta 68/4 akTU-disambara, 2015 bhAvabhInI zraddhAMjali 93 lAlA ajita prasAda jaina vIra sevA maMdira ke maMtrI zrI sunIla jaina (pItala vAle) ke pUjya pitAzrI lA. ajitaprasAda jI kA lambI bImArI ke bAda 23 maI 2015 ko dehAvasAna ho gyaa| lAlAjI jIvana ke aMtima 25 varSoM se hastinApura bar3e maMdira meM apanI Atma sAdhanA meM lIna rahe / dhArmika saMsthAoM vizeSarUpa se ahiMsA iMTaranezanala, vIra sevA maMdira, bhAratIya jaina milana Adi ko sahayoga dete hue khule hAtha se dAna dete rhe| vyApAra ziromaNi ke rUpa meM bAjAra sItArAma meM jaina elyuminiyama kaM. se prArambha kara apane vyavasAya ko uccatama stara para prApta kiyaa| san 1971 meM jaina elyuminiyama ka. ke nAma se elyumIniyama utpAdoM kA vyApAra prAraMbha kiyA jo samaya ke sAtha bar3hatI gayI aura 1976 meM eka aura pharma elyumIniyama senTara ke nAma se raghuzrI mArkeTa meM kholI / Aja Apake suyogya putrasa zrI sunIla jI kI dekharekha meM panapa rahA hai| Apa parama munibhakta rahe aura sAdhu-muniyoM kI sevA karanA unhoMne apane jIvana kA pramukha uddezya banAyA thaa| unhIM ke jIvana-Adarza siddhAntoM para unakA sampUrNa parivAra pAlana kara rahA hai| vIra sevA maMdira parivAra padAdhikArI evaM kAryakAriNI sadasya divaMgata AtmA ko bhAvabhInI zraddhAMjali arpita karate hue sadgati va zAzvata sukha kI kAmanA karate haiN| adhyakSa / mahAmaMtrI, vIra sevA maMdira
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________________ anekAnta 68/4, akTU-disambara, 2015 jIvana-dRSTi : bodhakathA sakarAtmaka soca prastuti- zrImatI rAkhI jaina, ema0 kaoNma0 cintana kI do dRSTiyA~ haiM - niSedhAtmaka dRSTi aura sakArAtmaka dRsstti| prAyaH vyakti niSedhAtmaka-socatA hai jo pariNAma meM use nirAzA aura karttavya se udAsInatA detA hai| niSedhAtmaka soca- jIvana meM asaphalatA kA udaya honaa| saphalatA kA mahatvapUrNa sUtra hai - sakArAtmaka dRSTi se socnaa| jisane citta ko nirmala aura mana ko ekAgra karanA sIkhA hai| vyagratA se nahIM balki samagratA kI dRSTi se socatA hai sakArAtmaka soca hai| khaNDa meM ulajhakara hama samagratA ko bhulA baiThe haiN| jIvana darzana meM hamAne zarIra khaNDa ko pakar3akara AtmA bhI akhaNDatA ko bhulA diyA hai| akhaNDa meM to khaNDa upalabdha ho sakatA hai, parantu khaNDa meM to khaNDa svayaM khaNDita ho jAtA hai| yadi cetanA ko samhAla liyA to zarIra bhI saMbhala jAtA hai aura AtmA bhii| AtmA ko kamajora banAkara zarIra ko samhAlanA mUr3hatA hai| AtmA ko sazakta banAkara jo bhI sAdhanA kI jAtI hai usase zarIra bhI banA rahatA hai| hamArI soca samagratA ke lie ho, akhaNDatA ke lie ho tabhI vaha sakArAtmaka soca bana paayegii| eka aisI ghaTanA hai jo jIvana ke prati sakArAtmaka soca ke lie prerita karatI hai| yaha ghaTanA bhI eka cora se sambandhita hai| eka cora eka garIba parantu sAdhu svabhAva vAle gRhastha ke ghara meM corI karane ghusaa| usane dekhA ghara meM kucha sAmAna hI nahIM hai| khAlI ghara thaa| ghara kA mAlika eka kamare meM maddhima keNDala jalAe kucha likha rahA thaa| mAlika ne dekhA ki ghara meM koI ghasA hai| jaise hI usane uThakara dekhA ki cora bAhara jAne lgaa|
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________________ anekAnta 68/4, akTU-disambara, 2015 unhoMne kahA- eka to mere ghara koI AtA nahIM, merA bhAgya hai ki kama se kama isa garIbakhAne para koI AyA to hai| tumheM khAlI hAtha kaise jAne deN| calo mere sAtha ghara meM kucha khojate haiM, zAyada kucha mila jaaye| khojate khojate eka akhabAra ke nIce dasa rUpayA kA noTa mila gyaa| use sauMpate hue bAhara vidA dene niklaa| rAta bahuta ho gayI thI aura ThaNDa bar3ha calI thii| mAlika bolA- itanI rAta ThaNDa meM jA rahe ho yaha kambala hI lete jaao| maiM to kisI taraha rAta gujAra luuNgaa| cora socane lgaa| abhI taka maiMne coroM ke ghara corI kI hai| parantu Aja sahI sAhUkAra milA hai, jo kaha rahA hai ki bAhara ThaNDa hai| kambala lete jaao| ghara meM kucha nahIM hai, phira bhI kaha rahA hai ki tuma Aye ho to khAlI kaise jAne deN| dhanya hai- vastutaH jo detA hai vahI sAhUkAra hai| cora Age bar3ha gyaa| kucha Age bar3hA hI thA ki kucha logoM ne use dekha liyaa| are yaha kambala to usa bhale sajjana sAdhu svabhAva vAle kA hai| use pakar3a liyA aura dUsare dina adAlata meM peza kara diyaa| garIba bhadra mAnuSa ne bayAna diyA- nahIM ye dasa rUpaye aura kambala maiMne hI apane hAtha se ise diye haiM, yaha cora kaise ho sakatA hai? cora ke lie yaha adbhuta pahalA anubhava thA, ki yaha kaisA vyakti hai? jisake ghara corI karane gayA, vahI bacA rahA hai| bAhara nikalane ke bAda cora ne use bhale AdamI ke caraNa pakar3a liye| - jo jIvana ke prati sakArAtmaka dRSTikoNa nahIM rakhe hote haiM, ve sukha meM bhI dukha DhU~Dhate haiM, lekina jisakI dRSTi sakArAtmaka hotI hai, ve hara ghaTanA meM sukha kI khoja kara lete haiN| 'sau bodhakathAe~' kRti se sAbhAra jasapura (cha.ga.) ******
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________________ anekAnta 68/4, akTU-disambara, 2015 dIpAvalI ke zubha avasara para vIra sevA maMdira ke nimnAMkita granthoM para vizeSa chUTa nimnAMkita granthoM para 50% kI vizeSa chaTa dI jA rahI hai| sAtha hI 10 pustakoM kA seTa upahAra meM granthoM ke sAtha niHzulka diyA jaayegaa| dhanarAzi caika/DrAphTa yA sIdhe saMsthA ke khAtA saM. 603210100007664 baiMka Apha iNDiyA, zAkhA dariyAgaMja, naI dillI, IFSC-BKID0006032 dvArA jamA kreN| granthoM kA nAma lekhaka/TIkAkAra mUlya 1.jaina lakSaNAvali bhAga-1,2,3 paM. bAlacaMda siddhAMtazAstrI 2500ru. 2.yugavIra nibaMdhAvalI khaNDa-1 paM. jugalakizora 'mukhtAra 210ru. 3.jaina grantha prazasti saMgraha bhA.-2 paM. paramAnaMda zAstrI 150ru 4.dhyAnazataka tathA dhyAna stava paM. bAlacaMda siddhAntazAstrI 100ru. 5.parama digambara gommaTezvara nIraja jaina, satanA 75ru. 6.digambaratva kI khoja DaoN. ramezacandra jaina 100ru. 7.Jain Bibiliography I&II Chhotelal Jain 1500ru. 8.niSkampa dIpazikhA paM.padamacaMda zAstrI 120ru. 9.tattvAnuzAsana AcArya rAma sena 100ru. 10.samIcIna dharmazAstra paM. jugalakizora 'mukhtAra' 150ru. 11.asahamata saMgama bairisTara campatarAya 150ru. upahAra svarUpa dI jAne vAlI pustakoM kA seTa 1. merI bhAvanA aMgrejI sahita paM. jugalakizora 'mukhtAra' 2. mahAvIra jina pUjA paM. jugalakizora 'mukhtAra' 3. zrIpura pArzvanAtha stotra paM. jugalakizora 'mukhtAra' 4. samantabhadra vicAra dIpikA paM. jugalakizora 'mukhtAra' 5. hama du:khI kyoM haiM ? paM. jugalakizora 'mukhtAra' 6. Basic Tenets of Jainism Dasrath Jain 7. samayapAhuDa rUpacaMda kaTAriyA 8. vArasANuvekkhA A. kundakunda 9. mahAvIra kA sarvodaya tIrtha paM. jugalakizora 'mukhtAra' 10.upAsanA tattva tathA upAsanA DhaMga paM. jugalakizora 'mukhtAra' -mahAmaMtrI, vIra sevA maMdira